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4

Amtktritd TrimtlatieH.

FRANCO-GEEMAJN^ l^^R,

1870-71. ^

Secohs Paet:— History of the War against the Sepnblic

PIEST VOLUME: FROM THE INVESTUENT OP PAKIS TO THE
RE-OCC0FATION OF ORLEANS BY THE GERMANS.

OEBMAK OFFICIAL ACOOONT

IKTBLLIQENCE BRANCH OP THE QUARTERMASTBB O^tKBAL'i
DEPARTMENT, HOBSB GUARDS, BY

Major F. C. H. CLARKE, C.M.G., R.A., late D.A.Q.M.G. at Headquarters.

LONDON:
Printnl imdfr lit SKptritUemdatee of Her Mtijfilg'$ Slatiouerii Offiet,

W. Ciowsa^Soss, Idtnilod, 13, Cluu-ingCroui ItiKmsO): £ Sons, 69, Pall U*U|

W. H. Allem & Co., 13, Waterloo Place ; AV. Mitchell, Clming Cm«»;

LOKOKAKt £ Co., Paternoator Row ; TaoDNEB k Co., 57 & 59, Ludpte Hill ;

SiAXIoaD, Charing Crosa ; and G. Keo^h Facl &. Co., 1, PateriKiitar Sqnaie :

Also bj Obiffiv k Co., Tlic Hard, Portaea ;

A. & C. Black, Bdinburgh ;

Alex. Tbok k Co., Abbej Street, and S. Po^^sokbi, On(ton Stmt, nuhlin.

1880.
Price (wUh Case of Maps) TireiUv-Six ShUiiujt.

■^r^- ^'^ '■'■M y .'. y^'X voC \

•M A 1 A/ ■

[300/11/80—11 & S— 2136— Wf . 11 203.]

88906

KotlS. — The distances are given- in Eiir/h'sh mihs. tl^hen paces are meniion^f

German paces nntst be understood.

In compliance with current copyright

law, U. C. Library Bindery produced

this replacement volume on paper

that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-

1984 to replace the irreparably

deteriorated original

1995

• 0

SECOND PARL

CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.

Paok
Advanoe of the Ilird Anny and the Army of the Mense from
Sedan to Parifl (2iid— 16th December) '..... 1

Bvents at Paris after the Battle of Sedan 20

The invefltment of Paris by the Ilird Army and the Army of
the Mease from 17th to 19Ui of September (Engagements at
. Petit Bicdtze and Chitillon) 43

Capture of Tool 56

Siege of Strassborg from the 27th Angast to 27th September . 62

Erents at Paris between 20th September and the end of October
(Engagements at Chevilly, Bagneux, La Malmaison, and Le
Bonj^^) .97

The occnpation of Soissons 138

First collisions of ihd Germans with the newly-formed field
. troops on the Loire and in North- West France (Engagement
at Artenay ; Action at Orleans) 144

The investment of Mets after the Battle of Noisseville (Sorties
of the 22nd9 23rd, and 27th September; Engagement at
Bellevue) 175

Occurrences on the sonth-eastem theatre of war after the fall of
Strassbnig. (Advance of the XIV th Army Corps across the
Voegos to the Sa6ne and C6te d'Or; Engagements at La
Bonrgonce, Bambervillers, and Bruyercs on the Gth, 9th, and
11th October; Engagements on the Ognon on the 22nd
October ; Engagement at Dijon on the 30th October ; Cap-
ture of Schlettstadt and Nea-Broisach ; Investment of Bel-
fort) 201

Proceedings in Northern and Central France after the Capitula-
tion of Metz. (Advance of the Ist Army to the Champagne ;
Surrender of Yerdnu ; Advance of the II nd Army across the
Upper Seine ; Events in Paris and on the Loire ; Reconnais-
sance of the Bois de Marchcnoir on the 7th November ; En-
gagement at Coulmiers on the 9th November) * . . . 246

Events at Sea since the beginning of September. Review of the
position of the German Army in the middle of November . 285

Proceedings of the Ilnd Army and of the troops under the Grand
Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwcrin (IGth— 28th November) . 291

h 2

Paoi
JCorenieiits of fhe Army of the Loire for the rdief of Farifl
(Battle of Beeane la Bolanda; Engagement at YiUepion;
Battle of Loigny.Ponpxj) 312

The Battle of OiUaas on the Sid and 4th Deoember . . 846

Ooonnencea before Paris between the 15th NoTember and 5th
December (Battle of Valliers and the French false attacks from
29th November to 2nd December) 865

»»

9»

APPENDICES.

Appendix LIX. Order from th^ Royal Headquarters on Srd

September ...... IJ

JiX. Table of the destinations of the troops of the

Ilird Army (5th— 16th September, 1870) • 2^

TiXT. B«tam of Casoalties in the Ilird and liense

Armies (2nd— 19th September, 1870) - 3%

„ LXn. Table of the destination of the troops of the

Meuse Army (5th— 16th September, 1870) 8$

TiXTTL Order of Battle of the 14th French Corps . 9}

LXIV. Order of Battle of Champ&ron's Cavalry

Division -.----- lOJ

LXY. Order from the Royal Headquarters on 15th

September - - - - - - llj

„ LXVl. Royal Cabinet Order of 16th September on

the Constitution of a Oovemment General
at Rlieims • 12{

„ LXVil. Return of Casualties among the Grerman

troops before Toni from 27th August to
13tli September 12J

„ LXVm. Table showing the Material in the Artillery

Parks before Strassburg and Kehl - - 13{

LXIX. Text of the Treaty of Capitulation of Strass-
burg 13J

LXX. Return of Casualties among the German
troops during the investment and siege of
Sti*assburg - 14J

„ LXXl. Return of Casualties in the Ilird and Meuse

Armies between 20tb September and 31st
October 17 J

„ LXXII. DistHbution of the Troops belonging to the

Inspections Genci'al of Etappen and Go-
vernment General at the beginning of
October 34J

LXXIII. Return of Casualties of the German troops

before Soissons " 38J

LXXIV. Order of Battle of the loth French Army

Corps 39J

»*

»9

l»

11
>1

Page

Appendix LXXV. Order of the Commander-in-Cbief, Ilird
^^ Army, on 6tli October ... - 41 J

LXXVl. Strength of Illrd Army and Anny of the

Mease on let November, 1870 - . 42$

LXXVII. Betnrn of Casnalties during the Investment
of Metz and Thionville (19ih Angrost to
27th October) 45J

LXXVIII. Convention with regard to the Surrender of

Metz 55J

LXXIX. Army Order of 28th October, 1870 - - 59 J

LXXX. Order from Royal Headquarters to General

V. Werder (30th September, 1870) - 60}

LXXXI. Order of Battle of the XlVth Corps - - 61$

LXXXII, Order of Battle of the 4th Reserve Division 65$

LXXXIII. Return of Casualties in the XlVth Army

Corps and in 1st and 4th Reserve Divi-
sion (Ist October to 16th November) - 67 J

„ LXXXIV. Order of the Roval Headquarters to General

v. Wei-der (23rd October, 1870) . - 74J

„ LXXXV. Order of the Royal Headquarters to the

Headquarters of the Metz Army . - 75|

„ LXXXVl. Return of Casualties during the investment

of Verdun (7tli September to 7th No-
vember) 77J

LXXXVII. Table showing the destinations of the Ist

Army (7th— lotb November) - - 78J

LXXXVIIL Table showing the destinations of the Ilnd

Army (2nd— 10th Novemljcr) - - 79t

LXXXIX. Order of Battle of the 1 Gth Fi-ench Corps

about the middle of November - - 80J

,. XC. Return of Casualties of the 1st Bavarian

Corps and the 2nd Cavalry Division (1st
to 15cli November) .... 82+

J, XCI. Distribution and Strength of the 1st Bava-

rian Corps and 2nd Cavalry Division in
the Battle of Coulmiers, 9th November - 85J

,; XCIl. Orders of Battle of the Ilnd Army and of

the Detachment under the Grand Duke of
Mecklenbui'g- Sch we r in (15 th No vember,
1870) 89J

„ XCIII. Return of Casualties in the Ilnd Army and

in the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg's De-
tachment (1st November to 5th Decem-
ber, 1870) 107J

XCIV. Order of Battle of the 17th, 18th, and 20th

French Corps 130J

„ XCV. Order of Battle of the Ilird Army and of

the Army of the Mouse .... 138^

>»

Pace

Appendix XCVI. Order of Battle of the 2nd Paris Army on the

8th November, 1870 164t

,; XCVIL Betnm of GbenaltieB in the Illrd Anny and

Army of the Meoae between the lat Novem-
ber and 5th December, 1870 - • 169$

ADDITIONS AND . COKREOTIONS.

ft n

)f »i

ft n

>» »

>* »•

PtftI,yol.l,p.361, line23 • - For " edge of the a^JMont wood " rMuT

" near border of the rillige."

p. 385 „ 21 • - For " afterwards tlie Division of Volti-

geurs of the Guard" rsad ''after-
wards the rtMt of the Diyision of
Voltigeurs of the Goard."

p. 891 „ 2 from bottom For " 52 ** rwui " 68."

p. 406 „ 4 «, • For "movedhisbatter7''re(uf "tamed

his guns."

Appendix, page 22* • The artillery of General de Forton's

Division were horse artiUeiy guns
and not mitrailleuses.

„ ,,87* • ' • • The 41h Company 5th Rifle Battalion

was commanded by Captain Boe-
dickcr.

Part I, Vol. 2, p. 97, lines 28—31 < - Should read " The Division took up

towards 4.30 p.m. a position about
1,500 paces to the south of ICal-
maison." (The position of the 1st
Cavalry Division on Plans 6a and 8b
should be altered slightly to oor-
respond.)

p. 331, line 18 - - The section of the IStli Rifle Battalion

was led by Sorgcant-Major Manicke.

p. 334, lines 9 — 11 The men belonging to the Bavarian

3rd, 10th, 12tii Regiments, and Ist
Rifle Battalion, who shared in cap-
turing the French ffun, were respee-
tirely and independently led by one
of their own officers.

p. 377, line 5 from bottom For " Captain v. Strantz " read " (/ap-

tain Boedickcr."

p. 897 „ 31 „ For"l8t"»-«arf"4th."

p. 510, lines 15 — 19 - - Should read ** two battalions of the

Lower Silesian Landwchr Regiment
first advanced with the object of ro*
capturing the village ; they were fol-
lowed later by the romaixiing batta-
lions of the 5th Landwehr Brigade.*'

p. 510 note* - - - " West Prussian" should bo " Lower

SUesian."

p. 514, line 23 - - - For "two battalions" read "one bat-
talion."

In Appendix XXI, the following sliouid be included among the casualties of the
24th Regiment:—

Killed : Snsign Harn.

Vice Sergcnnt-Mujor Lindc.

Wounded : Ensign Hallniiffk.
., r. Muller.
Vice Sergeant* ^lajor MuUer.
„ Kiihling.

C<>rrcj>ix)iiding con-ections should be made in the tables.

« It

« »i

*> i»

>»

Vlll

Part II, Vol. I, p. 165 note f • - The followiiig words alioiild be added :—

^le Dirifioii had been fiuthermore
joiiied bj three oompaaiei of the 83rd
Begiment aiDd ftte oompaniee of the
94UL*' Set alao Note f on p. 157.

App. LXXI, p. 22t .... To the lc«ae8 of tJie22iid Infantry Divi-

aion abould be added DiTisiMial Chap-
Uin Sdiwftbe, and one man of the
11th Pioneer Battalion killed and
three men wounded.

App. LXXII, p. 34, Une 10 from bottom • For " Lie«mt ** read " Lieuaaint**

. „ „ „ bottom Une • • For " Beppenheim '* read ^ Boppen-

helm."

App. LXXIY, p. 40t, line 17 from bottom For " 5th Hunars " road " 6th Hus-
sars."

Plan 5b. VionTille. — The southernmost Demi-Brigade standing at the K.W. angle
of the Boil de Yionrille should be 39th, not 37th.

Plan 12.-^Tli6 ---- sliown at Serrignj should be erased.

Investment of Paris. Capture of Toul and Strassburo.

Advance of the IIIrd Army and of the Armt of the

Meuse from Sedan to Paris.

(2md— 16th September.)

Notwithstanding the fact that the French army had kid
down their arms at Sedan, the Emperor had declined to enter
into negotiations for peace. The interests of the victor therefore
required an immediate resimiption of the interrupted march on
Paris.

Although the German military authorities had grounds for
presuming that they would no longer meet for the present with
any serious opposition in the open field, yet still they must be
prepared for tiie contingency that the capil^, aided by its abun-
dant resources and extensive fortifications, would defend itself to
tlie last. The not over discriminating action of an easUy exci-
table population of nearly two millions of souls might influence
so entirely the circumstances of the moment as to set at nought
any forecast of events.

As a consequence of the battle of Sedan large bodies of German
troops found themselves crowded together in a most confined
space, and these had now, having regard to their rearward lines
of communication, to be brought once more into the relative
}X)sitions which they had previously occupied. To this end
the IIIrd Army had first to be moved in a south-westerly direc-
tion, so that the Army of the Meuse might reach the right wing
by passing in its rear.

In order to initiate the advance of the army upon Paris fix>m
this point of view, the following instructions were issued from
the headquarters of His Majesty the King on the 3rd Sep-
tember :*

The IIIrd Army, of which however the 1st Bavarian and the
Xlth Corps were left temporarily at Sedan,t while the Vlth
Corps and the 5th Cavalry Division were already pushed forward
in tixe direction of Reims, was to have crossed the line Montigny-
Vendresse on the 4th, and the line Rethel-Attigny on the 5th
September. The heads of the Army of the Meuse were on the
former date not to be beyond Malmy and Stonne, and on the
latter date not beyond Poix and Le Chesne. After carrying out
these introductory movements the IIIrd Army was to advance
abreast of JDormans and Suzanne, while the Army of the Meuse,
which was to be rejoined by the 6th Cavalry Division by way
of Ch&teau Porcien, was to make a simultaneous movement to
Dormans and Laon. From the 8th of September the neighbour-

* Appendix UX. contains the text of the order,
t See Part I., Vol. 2, p. 408.

39515. A

Ketreat of the
13th l«>ench
Corps from
Mezidres to
Paris.

hood of Foix and Attigny had to be evacuated in £Etvoar of the
Corps advancing under General v. d. Tann.

With a view to fetciUtating the supply of the troops the forward
movement was to be made on a broad front, and protected by
throwing the cavalry well in advance. The latter was to be
I'einforced by horse artillery and, where it appeared necessary, by
infantry mounted in carts. The Bethel-Reims road was appointed
the boundary between the two armies.*

The more detailed arrangements for the march to the line Laon-
Sezanne were left to the discretion of the headquarters staff of
the two armies. His Majesty the King reserved to himself the
disposal of the marches beyond that line.

At the time when these preparations were made at the royal
headquarters, the parts of the German army thrown forward
in the direction of Poix and Reims had already come in close
contiguity with the detachments of the enemy in their fix)nt.

General Vinoy had, as already mentioned, determined upon
a retreat to Paris in consequence of the news which had i*eached
him with regard to the battle of Sedan, and to this end had in
the night of the lst-2nd September despatched those parts of the
13th Corps which had arrived at Mezieres to Rethel,t which
place he believed to be still occupied by Exea's Division. The
latter, after withdrawing on the previous day the troops pushed
forward to Rethel, had however retired in the direction of
Soissons with the aid of the luilway which had not yet been
desti'oyed.

On the German side the 4th squadron 6th Cuirassiers at Guig-
nicourt was the nearest to the line of march of Geneiul Vinoy's
troops retiring from MezieresJ. The other squadrons of this
regiment were at Yvcmaumont, the 15th Lancers in and near
Raillicourt) the remainder of the Cth Cavalry Division at Bou-
taucourt and Poix. Further to the south the 5th Cavalry Divi-
sion had taken up its quarters at Le Chenois, Tourteron, Ecordal,
and Pauvres.§ Of the Vlth Army Corps part of the 12th Divi-
sion under General v. Hofiinann had reached Rethel, while the
main body of the corps had remained in the neighbourhood of
Attigny and Voncq.||

Eaiiy in the mominf:^ of the 2nd September shortly after its
departure, Blanchard's Division came across some patrols of the

* The road itself belonged to the Ilird Army.

t Elcveu battilioDS of Blanchard's Division, 4 squadrons and 12 batteries. Sec
Part I., Vol. 2, pp.408, 409. The troops were provided with four dajs' rations ;
General Vinoy had taken special measures for maintaininjr a very strict order of
march, and had inserted the batteries among the battalions as the greater part of the
infantry had expended almost all their ammunition in the skirmishes before M^zi^res.

X See general map. No. 3.

§ The Brunswick Hussars were at the latter place.

1*1 Sec Part I., Vol. 2, p. 409. The following had reached Rethel : the 1st and 2nd
battalions with the 11th nud 12th companies 63rd Regiment, the 2nd battalion 23rd
Redment, the 2nd and Fu««ilicr battalions 62nd Regiment, the 2nd, Srd, and 4tb
squadrons 15th Dragoons, the 6th light and 6th heavy batteries and a small detach-
ment of the 3rd pioneer company.

first-mentioned squadron of cuirassiers, which had proceeded in a
northerly and westerly direction firom Guignicourt, but had been
fired upon by infantry from Champignetd. In consequence of
this the 2nd squadron 6th Cuirassiers was sent forward to
Barbaise for the purpose of observing the enemy and affording
support, if necessary, to the other squadron.

Whilst the French troops now entered Laimois and halted
there^ the 6th Cavaby Division, informed of the enemy's advance,
was assembling with its main body between Poix and Montigny
sur Yence, with the intention of afterwards moving upon Launois
at 7 a.m« The 15th Lancers, leading the advance, had already
come across French infantry between Villers le Toumeur and
Raillicourt, detachments of which had also shown themselves
at Neuvizy. As the ground in front was obstructive to the
view, the adversary in some force, and the impression prevailed
that other French detachments were following frt)m the neigh-
bourhood south of M^zi^res, the Duke William of Mecklenburg-
Schwerin refrained from attacking. The 6th Cuirassiers re-
turned to their previous position on the Vence, while the loth
Lancers watched the adversary to the west of Montigny.

As the latter subsequently abandoned Launois, the place
was occupied by the lancers. The main body of the regiment
threw out outposts from Raillicourt in the direction of Bethel
and Mezi^res, while the cuirassiers also guarded themselves in the
direction of tiie latter town. The 3rd Lancers were pushed forward
to Villers le Toumexu', their advanced guard to Neuvizy ; the
remainder of the Division occupied quarters in the neighbourhood
of Poix. The first appearance and the subsequent movements
of the enemy, as well as the measures which he had himself
adopted, had been commimicated by the Duke from time to time
both to the staflf of the Vlth Army Corps and to the 5th Cavaby
Division. Notification had been sent early in the morning to
the staff of the Ilird Army of the projected advance upon
Launois.

Meanwhile General Yinoy had at 8.30 a.m. resumed his march
upon Faissault and Saulces aux Bois, consequently straight towards
Bethel. But as he was informed at Saulces about 10 a.m. by
some inhabitants of Bethel, that the French garrison had evacuated
the place on the preceding night, and that 12,000 Prussians had
entered it in the morning, he resolved to bend away to Novion
Porcien. The leading troops had scarcely commenced then*
march along the road leading to that place when shells dropped
into Saulces and set some buildings on fire. By order of General
Vinoy the rear-guard at once deployed for battle ; the village was
occupied by the infiantry, while two batteries and some mitrail-
leuses came into action upon the heights on either side.

The artillery fire, here referred to, proceeded from a battery of
the 5th CavaJry Division. Lieut.-General v. Bheinbaben had
been informed at 9.30 a.m. in Tourteron of the enemy's advance,
and had given orders in consequence for the 12th Cavahy Brigade

A 2

to advance to Puiseux, and for the ISth to watch from Amagne
the M^zidres^Rethel road.

The first-mentioned cavahy brigade, which had been informed by
its patrols of the enemy's advance before the receipt of this order,
had trotted forward fix>m Le Ch^ois to Puiseux just as columns
of French troops were observed between Faissault and Sauloes.
The battery of horse artillery fix)m the railway station at Pui-
seux brought its fire to bear upon the entrance to Saulces and
continued the cannonade against a superior body of French
artillery which now came into action, until swarms of hostile
skirmishers, with closed bodies in rear, approached the right
fiank of the Prussian cavalr3\ Hereupon the latter retired to
the neighbourhood of Faux and Amagne. The 13th Dragoons,
appointed to continue the observation of the enemy, reported in
the afternoon the withdrawal of the latter to Corny la Yille
and-Novion Porcien. Greneml Vinoy had speedily become con-
vinced that the Prussians were merely desirous of delaying his
march, and consequently ordered his rear-guard, after a short halt
at Saulces, to follow the other troops in a westerly direction.

Meanwhile the 13th Cavahy Brigade had broken up from
Ecordal in accordance with orders from the commander of the
Division. It had reached the neighbourhood north of Amagne
at 11 a.m. with the 2nd hoi'se artillery battery and pushed
forward detachments in the dii*ection of Lucquy and Auboncoml.
The roar of artillery resounding from Puiseux, and a repoi-t re-
ceived at 1.30 p.m. that the enemy had bent away to the west-
ward, induced the brigade to move onward to Vauzelles. The
horse artiller}^ battery took up a position east of the village and
fired upon the enemy's columns retiring through Macheromdnil.
After a few rounds detachments of French infiaiitry fled in
disorder from the village; the 10th Hussars pursued tiiem and
brought in 23 prisoners and some waggons.* The brigade then
took up its quarters at Auboncom't, Vauzelles, and Saulces, in
readiness to move, and thi-ew out outposts in the direction of
Corny and Macherom&iil. The Binmswick Hussars, whose duty
hitherto had been to obsei"\'e Reims, reached Amagne. Thus the
5th Cavalry Division stood on the evening of the 2nd September
with its 11th Brigade at Tourteron, the 12th at Amagne and
Faux, and the 13th at Auboncourt and Vauzelles.

Blanchard's Division, taking witli it some 40 woimded, had
meanwhile continued its retreat from Macheromdnil to Novion
Porcien and moved into bivouacs at that place about 4 p.m.

Since noon of the 2nd September the Vlth Army Corps, in
rear of the 5th and 6th Cavaliy Divisions, had been also in
readiness to meet the foe should he continue his retreat south-
ward.

In consequence of the first reports which reached him towards
11.15 a.m., General v. Tiimpling had at once ordered the 12th

* On the person of one of the prisoners xfw found the Order of Battle of Blan-
chard's Division, which was transmitted to the head-quarters of the Vlth Army
Corps.

Infantry Division to be concentrated at Rethel,* and there to take
up a position for defence. The horse artillery batteries of the
corps artillery were Ukewise despatched to Rethel ; the 11th
Division advanced from Semuy in a north-westerly direction as
far as Amagne and Sausseuil.

General v. Hoffinann had received the intelligence at Bethel
about 11 a.m.,t that bodies of French tix)ops were advancing
from Mdzieres and that the 6th Cavalry Division had proceeded
in the direction of Launois. As the geneitJ perceived from this
that between him and the enemy there was a considerable force
of German cavahy, he resolved to allow the men first to proceed
^vith their cooking at Bethel after tiieir trying night marcL
But as a report reached him at 1.30 p.m. from the 11th Hussars
at Ama^e to the effect that the enemy was advancing frt)m
Saulces aux Bois to Novy, while at the same time the order
for the concentration of the Division at Bethel arrived from
the corps head-quarters, the troops there took up a position of
readiness north of the town on the Novy road j:

The commander of the Division, who had ridden forward in
person towards Novy, remarked hc^stile troops beyond Corny la
Ville§ on the march to Novion Forcien and Provizy. To dear
up the matter more definitely the greater part of the 15th
Dragoons was sent forward to the east of Bertoncourt. The
direction of march of the French columns in hurried retreat
through Novion Forcien led to the inference that the enemy
after meeting the Prussian cavalry had abandoned the ad-
vance to Bethel and was endeavouring to retreat by way of
Inaumont in the direction of Ch&teau Forcien. General v. Hoff-
mann resolved in consequence to post the parts of his Division
available at Bethel on the high road to Montcomet, with a view
to barring the adversaiy's road southward and westward. The
13th Cavahy Brigade, from which a report had just arrived
tending to confirm this supposition, was informed of ihe measures
which had been taken and requested to press the enemy closely.
The loth Dragoons received orders to move parallel with the
enemy's march on the left, and to keep up communication with
the 13th Cavalry Brigade. Finding Corny la Ville and the wood
of Notre Dame to the north of the place occupied by French
infantry and artillery, the regiment took up a position near Novy
for the purpose of watching the adversary's movements.

The troops concentrated near Bethel moved off at 4 p.m. for
Ecly, which they reached under a pouring rain as darkness was
setting in. North of Bethel arrived also the 1st and Fusilier
battalions 23rd Begiment, with the 5th heavy battery of the
12th InfjEuitry Division, as well as the two horse artillery batte-

* This order crossed with a proposition on the part of General y. Hoffinann asking
permission to take this step.

t From the 5th Cavahry Division.

:|: Two companies 6drd Regiment remained at Rethel and at the paattges of the
Aisne : officers' patrols of cavalrj advanced towards Novy.

§ The advance of BIanchard*s Division reached Novion Forcien at this time.

lies of ihe Ylth Army Corps.* These last batteries had joined
the column advaacing to Edy, whilst the rest of the troops re-
mained partly at Bethel and partly were still on the nuurch to
Inaumont and Ch&teau Foreien.t

On the march to Ecly General v. Hofimann had received a
second order from the corps headquarters, i&sued at 3 pan., in
which his previous request for permission to assemble the 12th
Division at Bethel was accorded, and all further proceedings
left to his discretion. As the French, according to the information
received, had halted at Novion Porden and Corny la ViUe,
while nothing had as yet been seen of the enemy in the neigh-
bourhood of Seraincourt and Wasigny, the Qeneral ordered an
advance northward for the following day. To this end the
troops at Inaumont and Ecly, besides that part of the Division
at Bethel, were to move off simultaneously at 7 &m. for Novion
Porcien. The detachment at Ch&teau Porcien received instruc-
tions to prepare the destruction of the bridge over the Aisne
at that place, and afterwards to follow by way of Ecly. A report
of these arrangements was sent to the headquarters of the Ylth
Army Corps.J

General v. Tiimpling had received inibrmation at 4 p.m. that
the French troops in their retreat from M^zieres had bent away
to the westward. In consequence of this he moved off on the
2nd September the 11th Infantry Division to Bethel and Thugny,
the corjis artillery to Fleury, which places were reached by
10 p.m.

As soon as General Yinoy had ascertained that Prussian troops
had entei'ed Ecly and Inaumont, he resolved by a night march
to avoid the enveloping movement which wasimpendmg, and by

* The two battalions had been qnartered at St.Lambert nnd had marched upward!^
of 12 miles in four hours ; the two batteries of horse artillery had accomplished the
distance of 14 miles from St. Vanbourg in three hours.

I Tlic following was the position of the 12th Division on the evening of the 2nd
September : —

^- . — -*i^^ at Inaumont.

23 15th Dragoons

n. l.st, 2na, ard^IL, mh ILandFus. ^ ^ ^^ ^^^

23 63 ' 62 ' ^ ' .

batteries, 3r(l pioneer company — in all five battalions, four batteries, one pioneer

company at Kcly.

1st and KiiN. 4tli i- 1st .... . , ,

LjJI __ — -3 in all six companies, 4 squadron at

22 03' 15th Dragoons *^ » * i

Ch&tcuu Torcieii.

2nd. 3nl. 4th. II. I. 11th i 1st r*i, t«i,* **i, t. v ** •

■■ , — , , — ;-4r , 5th light, 5th heavy battenes —

22 ' 23 63 ' 15th Dragoons ® ' ^

in all three battalions, ^ squadron, two batteries at Bethel.

2nd.8.d,4th ^^

15th Dragoons

The — \ which had been quartered at Attiguy, did not reach Ecly until the
63

3rd September; -^was garrisoning Vitry le Fran9ais, , left behind to garrison

62 63

liun^ville, reached Vendresse on the 2nd September.

i The 11th Infantry and the 5th Cavalry Divisions were also apprised of the»e

measures.

way of Chaumont Porcien to gain the road from Rozoy sur Serre
to Laon.

At 2 a.m. on the 3rd September the French troops were set
in movement ; the bivotiac fires were kept up in order to conceal
their retreat. The shades of night, a fall of rain which com-
menced afresh, and the ah*eady very heavy state of the roads,
led to numerous stoppages ; but being unmolested by the Grermans
Blanchai'd's Division reached Chaumont Porcien at 7.30 a.m.,
where a halt of two hours was made, the heights lying to the
south being at the same time occupied. As the road to Bozoy sur
Serre had been rendered impassable by the wet, General Yinoy
endeavoured to reach the high road to Laon by way of Logny and
Seraincourt. His troops, with the exception of a few stragglers,
were ah*eady between Chaumont Porcien and Seraincourt, when
the echoes of artillery fire from the rear announced the arrival of
the Germans at the former place.

Under the influence of reports of the presence of numerous
!EVench troops at Reims, the Commander-in-Chief of the Ilird
Army had on the evening of the 2nd September issued orders for
the immediate advance of the Ylth Army Corps and of the 5th
and 6th Cavalry Divisions towards that town.*

Benoundng for the present all further pursuit of the enemy
in their neighbourhood, the commanders of the two independent
Cavalry Divisions took without delay the prescribed direction of
march. The 6th Cavalry Division reached Attigny on the 3rd
September, after patrols of the 15th Lancers had that morning
disturbed the retreat of the French troops from Novion Porcien
to Wasigny. The 5th Cavalry Division, which was to move on
the right flank of the Vlth Army Corps, reached Bergnicourt,
Neuflize, and Tagnon. Reconnoitring parties thrust forward in
the direction of Reims reported that in this town there were
according to rumour about 8,000 men, chiefly Gardes Mobiles.

The general commanding the Vlth Army Corps, who under
the existing cii-cumstances attached special impoi^tance to a speedy
occupation of Reims, had, in accordance with instructions from
army headquarters, ordered both In&ntry Divisions to march
to Juniville and Bignicourt at 8 a.m. on the 3rd September.
The order was supplemented for the 12th Division as follows: —
" All pursuit of the hostile Division marching yesterday in the
" direction of Rethel is to be abandoned, should such a proceed-
** ing interfere in the least with reaching the destinations appointed
" for this day."

In execution of these arrangements the 11th Division with
the corps artilleryt marched to Juniville and pushed forward
its advanced guard as far as Aussonce. But the commander of
the 12th Division, who from reports received in the night could
not but infer that Blanchard's Division was still in the neighbour-

* The 6th Cayalry Diyision was not assigned to the Army of the Mease antQ the
drd September, by order from the royal head-quarten. See Part n., p. 1.

f With the exception of the two batteries of horse artillery attached to the 12th
Diyision.

hood of Novion Forcien and that troops Uiereof must have reached
that place before the receipt of the order, resolved at once to carry
out the movement northward* which had been already initiated.

Meanwhile the 15th Dragoons, on a report fix>m an officers
patrol that the enemy had left at daybreak for the north-west,
had already trotted forward without delay in the direction
of Novion Porden. A dragoon entrusted with the transmission
of this intelligence was unable to find General v. Hoffiooann at
Ecly. That officer had abeady left the place with the Division ;
the important news did not come into his hands for some time.

Just as the left wing of the 12th Division commenced
its movement, a jiatrol of dragoons reported the enemy near
Ser^'^ and Maladrie, information which was confirmed shortly
afterwards by the prisoners which were captured.| The troops
at the head of the column of march moved forward in conse-
quence towards Sery, whilst the battalions and batteries in rear
received orders to march in the direction of the height north of
Inaumont. At half-past 9 o'clock- the Prussian troops reached
Novion Porcien without havingcome into collision with the enemy.
They now learnt for the first time from the 15th Dragoons and
from the stragglers whom they overtook, that the 3rd Division
of Vinoy's Corps, some 10,000 men, had quitted the town at
G a.m.

Meanwhile intelligence had also been received that the two
Prussian Cavalry Divisions were no longer following the enemy.
But as from the statements of the prisoners and other reports it
was still possible that the adversary might be overtaken, General
V. Hoffinann gave orders for the 15th Dragoons with the two
batteries of horse ai'tillery to move at once in pursuit from Novion
Porcien and for the remainder of the left colunm of march to
follow subsequently in the same direction. The troops coming
up from Ilethel,t which also arrived before Novion Porcien at
11 o'clock, received orders to halt there for the present.

The dragoons, who were joined by Major K^sler, staff officer
of the Division, found traces of the retreat of the French along
the road through Mesmont, Wasigny and Givron. Some strag-
glers were captured ; the detachments of the 1st horse artillery
battery attacked a small body of infantry which was hurrying
away, and captured several prisoners. §

When the leading detachment of dragoons arrived before
Chaumont Porcien towards noon it was fired upon by French
infieaitry which had established themselves in the gardens sm*-
rounding the town. By order of General v. Hofihiann the two
batteries, escorted by the dragoons, now unlimbered on the height

* See Part II., p. 6.

t A heavy shower of nin prevented any reeonnaistanoe of the neighboiirhood and
consequently any idea being gained of the real state of affiiirs. As a matter of &ct,
Grenml Yinoy was at this time at Chaomont Forcien.

J g°^> grd, 4th, n. L ll*b division of dragoons, 5th light and 5th heavy
22 23 64 -D » -o

battery.
§ Altogether only 42 prisoners were captured by the 12th Division.

west of Qivron, and brought their fire to bear upon the town in
front and upon the hollow road leading to Logny, through which
the enemy was seen to be in retreat. This fire was not answered
by the French artillery.

Meanwhile the Prussian infantry had arrived. The 1st
battalion 63rd Regiment, leading the advance, moved forward,
partly along the high road and partly through the bushy flats, from
Adon in the direction of Chatigny, where accordiing to the
reports of the imti^ols a Fi^nch detachment of about two ^ttalions
and six guns was said to be posted for the purpose of covering
the retreat ; the advancing Fiiissian companies, however, merely
found traces of the camps. The other two battalions of the
C3rd Regiment and subsequently the 23rd Regiment likewise
reached Chaumont Forcien during the course of the afternoon.

The troops had marched upwards of 18 miles under the pour-
ing rain and along very bad roads. In the absence of a strong
bc^y of cavalry General v. Hoffinann could no longer hope to stay
the hurried retreat of the adversary. Abandoning all farther
pursuit under these circumstances, he quartered his men at Chau-
mont Forcien and Novion Forcien, ready to turn out at any
moment. Not long afterwards the patrols reported the further
retreat of the enemy through Logny in the direction of Laon.

Towards 4 p.m. an officer of the general staff sent from the
headquartei-s of the Vlth Army Corps reached Chaumont Forcien.
He repeated the order to move southward with the observation that
under no circumstances was this direction to be deviated from, as
the Corps in accordance with orders from army headquarters was
to be assembled at Reims on the 5th September. Greneral v.
Hoffmann therefore gave orders for the troops quartered between
Chaumont Forcien and Wasigny to be concentrated at 11 o'clock
on the following morning to the south of Chfiteau Forcien, with a
view to continuing the march to the Suippe. The detachments
standing at and near Novion Forcien also received instructions
to advance to the same river-line by way of Tagnon.

Favoured by circumstances as described, and under cover of
the heights on the east bank of the St. Fergeux brook and of the
Bois de Chaumont, Blanchard's Division had meanwhile reached
Seraincourt. That same afternoon it continued its march by way
of Fraillicourt to Montcomet.*

On the 4th September the i*etreat was continued as^far as
Marie, where General Vinoy received despatches as to the
positions of the remainder of his Corps. Ex^'s Division was on
that day at Soissons, Maud'huy's Division at Laon. At the same
time the general received more detailed information of the

* General Vinoy, in speaking of the retreat of the Idth Corps, complains that the
ffreat hospitality shown by the inhabitants along the road had a bad effect upon the
aificipline of the troops. The two line regiments which marched at the head and rear
of the oolmnn had, however, exercised a fayonrable influence upon the other troops
by their excellent example; a large number of waggons had also been collected by
officers sent on in advance for the purpose of carrying numbers of men who had fitllen
out from iktigne and other eauses.

capitulation of Sedan, the imprisonment of the Emperor, the
oonoentration of firesh forces at Paris and on the Loire, and
in addition the following telegram sent from Paris^ at 5.20 pjn.,
on the 4th September: — ''Revolution in Paris. Come back
" with your Army Corps, so as to be at the disposal of the
" Qovemment/' General Yinoy in consequence betook himself in
person that same day to Laon, whither he was followed on the 5th
by Blanchaixl's Division by way of CrAjy sm- Serre, whilst
Maud'huy's Division was despatched by rail to Paris. On
the following days Blanchard's and Ex^'s Divisions, using the
two lines of rail from Tergnier and from Soissons, continued theii*
movement to the capital, where on the 9th September all the
troops of the 13th Corps were assembled.

Whilst? the last renmant of the French field army was thus
escaping defeat, the Qerman Army advancing from the neigh-
bourhood of Sedan had taken up the following positions on
the 3rd September: the Vth Army Corps was at Flize, the
Wiirttemberg Division at Guignicourt, the Ilnd Bavarian Corps at
Malmy, and fiie 2nd Cavalry Division at Poix.* The 4th Cavalry
Division had been left temporarily in rear at Yiigne aux Bois
for the purpose of assisting tlie corps remaining in the neigh-
bourhood of Sedan in guarding and escorting the Frencli
prisoners of wai\ The headquarters of the IILd Army
remained this day at Donch^ry. The Army of the Meuse
occupied quarters on the 3rd September to the south-east of
Sedui: the Guard Corpsj on the right bank of. the Chiers, in the
neighbomrhood of Carignan, the Xllth between the Chiers and
the Meuse, the IVth on the left bank of the latter river at
Raucourt ; the headquarters i*emained at Mouzon.

His Majesty the King transfen^ed his headquarters on the 4th
September from Vendresse to B.ethel and on the following day
to Beims, in order to superintend from that place the further
movements of the army. From the plans of march transmitted
iix)m the two army headquarters it was evident that the Army
of the Meuse would not reach the line Laon-Fismes until the
12th Se])tember. whilst the Ilird, in consequence of the stai't
which it received at the out«et, ex)>ected to arrive at Dormans
and Sezanne as eai*ly as the lOtli. As it was impracticable to
hasten the march of the Army of the Meuse, and aiter the exer-
tions of the last few weeks some rest was desii-able for the ti'oops,
the further advance of the army under these cii'cumstances
was arranged on the 7th September as follows :

* Further in advance, towards Reims, was, as already mentioned, the 1 1th In£uitry
Division at Jnniyille and Yignieonrt, the advanced guard being at Aussonce ; on its
right was the 5th Cavaby Division at Bergnicourt, behind it was the 6th Cavalry
Division at Attigny ; the 12th Infantiy Division was still in the neighbonrhood
between Chaumont Porcien and Rethel.

t The 3rd Guard Infisuitry Brigade had been deputed to escort the prisoners of war
irom Douzy to Etaiu and did not rejoin its corps until the 16th September.

The Army of the Meuse was to advance against the north front
of Paris, with its left wing north of the roads running through
the valley of the Mame ; power was reserved to it to extend to
the right in the event of the presence of the enemy being reported
by the cavaby. The Ilird Army was to make its way by Sorter
marches towards the south front of the capital, using the road
in the valley of the Mame for its right wing. As the etappen
troops were no longer sufficient to protect in a proper manner
the rearward communications against the Franctireurs, whose
operations, aided and abetted by the inhabitants, became more and
more bold, the Wiirttemberg Division was deputed to remain
temporarily at Reims.

But in order to render this Division available as soon as possible
for the investment of Paris, orders were sent on the 8th September
to the headquarters of the Army before Metz to move off the
Xmth Corps,* which had recently arrived before this fortress,
for the purpose of affording protection ^to the district west of
the Moselle. One Division was to proceed with this object to
Ch&lons and Reims, the other, with the assistance of Prussian
siege artillery, was to hasten the capture of Toul, as this fortress
was still barring the railway communication with Germany.
Instructions were also sent to General v. d. Tama to complete
his work at Sedan with the least possible delay, and then to
follow the army advancing upon Paris, with the Xlth Corps by
way of Rethel and Reims, and with the 1st Bavarian Corps
tlm)ugh Attigny and Epemay.

In accordance with these general instructions from the royal
head-quarters the following movements were carried out by the
German Army in the interval up to the IGth September:

At the head of the Ilird Army the 11th In£uitry Division and Advance oi
on its right the 5th Cavalry Division continued on the 4th Sep- ^'^ -^""^
tember the movement upon Reims, where according to the reports
at present received the enemy was supposed to be concentrating in
greater force. But when the cavalry patrols had ascertained for
certain that the enemy had retired, General v. Tiimpling caused
the 11th Division to move at once to that place,t whilst with the
same object the 13th Cavalry Brigade also continued its march
by way of Pomade. At 3.30 pjn. the Prussian troops entered
the old coronation town, where everything tended to impress
them with the fact that France was resolved to continue the war4
A summons addreased on the previous day by the Ministerial
Council to the population was placarded at the street comers ;
even the country people were already evincing increased bitterness

♦ See Part I., Vol. 2, p. 530.

t Aecording to the order from army headquarters Reims was to be reached on
the 5th September. See Part II., p. 9.

t A patrol under Lieutenant v. Pliiskow, 8th Dragoons, which had penetrated into
the town in the forenoon, was there surroonded by an excited .'mob, but in spite of
the shots fired at them succeeded in cutting their wajr into the open. Captain ▼.
Vaerst with the 1st squadron, 11th Hussars, hastening in front of the 11th Division
then dashed into the town, the keys of which were delivered to him by the mayor.
On this occasion also shots were fired.

and their bearing was exceedingly hostile. On reachin^
Lavannes peasants with arms in their hands and small detach-
ments of infantry, who opposed the advanced guard of the 11th
Division, had to be driven off by artillery fire.

The main body of the 5th Cavalry Division had reached
Bazancourt. The greater part of the 12th Infantry Division had
assembled to the south of Ch&teau Porcien by 11 a.m., and sul>-
sequently continued its march as £ar as Warmeriville. The
detachment fix)m Novion Porcien had advanced as fai* as Heutre-
giville, so that the entire Division reached the Suippe on the
evening of the 4th September. The Wurttemberg Division
arrived at Novj'' on this day, the Vth Army CoqDS Saulces and
Novion Porcien, the 2nd Cavalry Division Attigny, the 2nd
Bavarian Cori)s Charbogne. Army headquai'ters moved to At-
tigny. The 6th Cavahy Division, on the march to Laon in
accordance 'with the change in its destination, occupied quarters
at Ch&teau Porcien.

On the 5th September the whole of the Vlth Army Corpus
and the 5th Cavalr}'- Division were concentrated at Reims. The
latter subsequently moved to Neufchatel, for the purpose of
.rejoining the Army of the Meuse in accordance with orders from
the royal headquarters. The Wurttemberg Division reached
Bazancourt, the Vth Army Corps Juniville, the 2nd Cavalry
Division HeutregiviUe, the 2nd Bavarian Coit>8 Machault. Army
headquarters were transferred to Reims.

After a day's halt the Illixi Army moved on the 7th September
with the Vlth Corps to Ville en Tardenois, the Wurttemberg
Division to Reims, the Vth Corps to Sillery, the 2nd Cavalry
Division to Mourmelon, and with the Ilnd Bavarian Corps to
Suippe. During the next two days the army executed a general
change of front to the left ;* on the lOtli it deployed on the
line Dormans-Orbais-S^zanne. A day's march in advance of
this front was the 2nd Cavalry Division at Vieils Maisons ; the
Vlth Army Corps marching on the right flank in the valley of
the Mame pushed forward strong advanced guards along both
banks of the river as far as the neighbourhood of Chateau
Thierry.

On the 13th September the 2nd Cavalr}'' Division, which had
meanwhile advanced as fai* as Coulommiers, despatched two
squadrons of the 5 th Hussars to La Chapelle sur Cr^cy. One of
its patrols was attacked in the streets of Meaux by French
chasseurs and left two men wounded in the enemy's hands.
Simultaneously with these two squadrons of hussars, the 1st
squadron 4th Hussars had proceeded in the direction of Montceif.
Its patrols were fired at on the 14th from this village and the
Bee Oiseau railway station, which according to the statements
of the inhabitants was occupied by two companies of franc-
tireurs. When Captain Count v. Wartensleben attacked the
railway station with a dismounted party of hussars, the enemy,

* The destinatioDB for the separate days are shown in Appendix LX.

after a brief resistance, decamped into the neighbouring forest,
where on the 15th a strong officers' patrol found a heterogeneous
mass of fugitives.

On the ktter date the main body of the 2nd Cavaby Division
i^eached Touman, the 4th Hussars moving as advanced guard to
Brie Comte Robert From thence, by order from anny head-
quarters, a reconnaissance was made of that part of the Seine
between Corbeil and Choisy le Boi, from which it was discovered
that the bridges at Corbeil, Yilleneuve St. Georges, and Choisy
were destroyed, and the roads of approach barricaded by numerous
abbatis and other obstadea Hostile injbntry fired from the
left bank of the Seine upon the cavalry patrols ; a detachment
pushed forward from Fort Charenton to Ci^teil left ten prisoners
in the hands of the Prussian hussars. The enemy had also
crossed the Seine between Choisy and Corbeil and occupied the
village of Draveil with Gardes Mobiles. Captain v. Stegmann-
Stein occupied the village with a dismounted party ; the attempt
however to reach the further bank of the Seine by a ford £Edled
in consequence of the fire of a hostile detachment in Juvisy.

On the 16 th September the 2nd Cavalry Division advanced to
Brie Comte Robert; the 5th Brigade, appointed to destroy the
itulway on the further side of the river, moved forward with
the 1st horse artillery battery through Yilleneuve St. Georges
to Vigneux. Under the protection of the squadron forming me
advanced guard, the battery played successfully upon the Orge
bridge near Mons. But as some railway trains came up shortly
after from the north and south with hostile infantry, who fired
upon the battery and the hussars, the retreat was commenced
by order of the commander of the Division, the object of the
enterprise, the destruction of the railway bridge, having been
attained.

A squadron of the 4th Hussars sent forward by way of Limeil
had driven in a small body of French cavalry from Carrefour
Pompadour to Maisons Alfort. Hostile infantry, which was there
])0sted in support, prevented any further advance of the Prussians.

In rear of the 2nd Cavalry Division making incursions in this
manner through the district to the south of the capital, the
Ilird Army had continued its advance, and on the 16th
September occupied the following positions : —

Army head-quarters were at Coulommiers, the Vlth Army
Corps since the 14th at Meaux, from which place it had pushed
forward an advanced guard* to Lagny, Montevrain and Chessy.
As the French had destroyed all the high-road and railway
bridges over the Mame and the Ourcq Canal in the neighbour-
hood of Paris, the staff of the corps had on the 14th September
caused a pontoon bridge to be thrown at Trilport, and afterwards
made arrangements for the construction of a permanent bridge

* The 28rd Inftntry Brigade, '^"^l^^^^^d ^^ ^^ battery, Srd pioneer

1 jth Dragoons
company.

at this {dace. Means of oommumcatiaii were also established at
Lagny and between Trilport and Meauz.

The Yth Army Corps stood with the 9th Division at Touman,
with the 10th at Fontenay; the advanced guard* occupied
Ozoner la F^rridre and Cihevry. Nothing was seen of the enemy
by the patrols during their advance to Champigny. The pon-
toon tram had been brought up to Touman on the evening of
the 16th for the purpose of throwing a bridge over the Seine
above ViUeneuve St. Qeoiges.

The 2nd Bavarian Corps reached Moissi Cramayel on this
day and pushed forward its advanced guard to lieusaint and St.
Germain les Corbeil. The patrols scouting along the left bank of
the Seine met frequent parties of fianctiieurs, who withdrew to
the Foret de S^nart. Two battalionsf were transported across
the river by means of boats, and under cover of these a field
bridget was constructed by the following morning, to replace the
bridge destroyed at St. Germain les Corbeil.

Franctireurs and other oiganised bands had uninterrupted!}'^
molested the advance of the corps ; they surprised isolated patrols
of cavalry, vanished into the neighbouring woods or villages
on the approach of stronger detachments, and eluded pursuit
by donning civilian's clothes. Patrols from the Bavarian lancer
brigade having been fired upon fh)m Nangis and ViUeneuve les
Bordes on the 13 th September, a detachment of the 1st Lancei's
under Lieutenant-Colonel v. Langenmantel was despatched
towards Melun and met with some resistance at Rubelles. The
two guns attached to the lancers opened fire in consequence upon
the ch&teau park. When the 8th lUfle battalion, despatched
by General v. Hartmann in support, subsequently advanced
against the place, the enemy, leaving behind several prisoners,
decamped by way of Melun to the left bank of the Seine. In
the town there was only found a detachment of the Garde
Nationale, which served as guard to the prison.§

Meanwhile the 10th Cavalry Brigade, whose services were no
longer required at Sedan, had arrived on the left flank of the
Ilird Army. It had reached Nangis on the 16th September
with a horse artillery battery, by way of Reims, Epemay, and
Suzanne, and from Nangis had established communication with
the detachments of the 2nd Bavarian Corps at Melun. In the
neighbourhood between the Seine and Yonne as well as in the
woods near Donnemarie the German patrols had likewise met
with franctireurs and inhabitants with arms, who showed them-
selves with great boldness.

* The 17th InfiEuitry Brigade, 4th Drains, Ist, and 2nd heayy batteries, the
pontoon company with light field bridge train.

t -.and—.
' 6 14

{ Each of the Bavarian Corps received daring the month of September a third
bridge equipment, which had been sent to them from their own conntrj.

§ As the Gardes Kationaies pledged themselves not to use their arms excep: for
the above-mentioned purpose, thej were not taken away from them.

The Army of the Metise had on the 3rd September reached Advance of the
with its advanced parties the neighbourhood of Mahny and ^^J^^^^
Stonne, beyond which, according to the orders receivBd, the
troops were not to proceed on the 4th. On the latter date
reports reached army headquarters which justified the assumption
that the fortress of Montm^y, stated to be occupied only by
Gardes Mobiles, might be taken without difficulty. The Quaid
Corps, which was nearest to the fortress, and whose patrols had
ab^tdy made incursions in the vicinity, received instructions in
consequence to make an attempt to capture the fortress on the
4th September, without however delaying their departure for
Paris, as fixed for the following day. The corps he^quarters,
where this order arrived towards 6 o'clock, deputed Major-Greneral
Prince Hohenlohe to conduct the attack, and assigned to him for
this purpose the 2nd Guard In&ntry Brigade, the 3rd Lancers of
the Guajd, two squadrons 1st Lancers of the Guard, the artillery
of the 1st Guard Division, the corps artillery and the 1st pioneer
company of the Guard with the light field bridge train.

In order to be in a position to follow the corps on the 5th,
these troops left their quarters shortly after midnight and reached
Thonnelle about 6 a.m. The officers sent forward to make a
reconnaissance here reported that the fortress was situated on a
steep inaccessible rock, but that on the north and north-east high
hiUs lay in close proximity to it, imder cover of which the place
might be approached.

Jn consequence of this. Prince Hohenlohe moved part of lus
troops through the Bois de G^ranvaux, and took up a position
on the further side of it; another part occupied the heights
between the roads to Montmddy and Fresnoy ; a battalion and
three squadrons covered the left flank at Le Grand and Petit
Yemeuil. At half-past 9 o'clock the artillery opened fire ; the
heavy batteries bombarded the north front, whilst the light and
horse artillery batteries cannonaded the west frt)nt of the place.
The latter advanced about 10.30 a.m. to the De Yaux Farm,
distant about 2,000 paces from it.

The enemy only answered the batteries at Thonnelle, but
without appreciable result. After the Prussian shells had burst
in different points of the town, the bombardment was stopped at
11.30 a.m., and the mayor of Thonnelle was sent into the fortress
as negodator.* As the latter did not return, the firing was
resumed, but after the lapse of an hour, seeing there was no
prospect of any successful result^ it was finally discontinued.
Upon this the troops set off for the neighbourhood of Mouzon,
where the Guard Corps had occupied quarters during the day.f

The IVth Army Corps reached Vendresse on the 6th
September, the Xllth, La Besace ; army headquarters were at
Mouzon.

* It was abflolntely necessarj to make ase of the mayor for this purpose as the
commandant had threatened to fire npon anj Fnissian parlamentaire.

t The loss of the Fmssians in the bombardment of Montm^y amounted to four
men and six horses. The artillery expended 8,812 shells.

The 6th Cavahy Division despatched this day from Ch&teau
Porden* a detachment of the 16th Hussars towards Laon. Their
patrols met with hostile infantry at Eppes, and learnt that large
bodies of French troops were encamped at Laon.t

A detachment of the 15th Lancers, pushed forward in the
direction of the town on the 6th September, confirmed this news,
and reported that, to judge from the considerable traffic that was
taking place on the railway, the enemy was apparently with-
drawing to the westward. The garrison of Laon was said to
consist of Gardes Mobiles, and the citadel to be armed with 20
guns. No sooner had the leading files of the lancer detachment,
consisting of 30 men, entered Laon than the gate was closed
behind them. But in spite of the vigorous fire of the French
infantry, the horsemen succeeded in reaching the open; only
three wounded men remained in the enemy's hands.

The 6th Cavalry Division advanced on the 7th September to
St. Quentin, and sent a parlamentaire to siumnon the commandant
of Laon, General Theremin, to surrender. The general requested
time for consideration, but the inhabitants were apparently
pressing him to 3deld. When the 15th Cavalry Brigade, with a
horse artillery battery, was pushed forward on the following day
to Athies, and the summons to surrender was repeated, the com-
mandant begged for a further respite of 24 hours in order to
obtain instructions from Paiis. Meanwhile the 4th Rifie battalion
was forwarded in carts to Epi^cs, and the 2nd horse artillery
battery, 4th Artillery Regiment, brought up to St. Quentin, in
support of the Prussian cavalry.

At 11 a.m. on the 9th September the 6th Cavalry Division,
reinforced in this wise, was assembled at Eppes. As the com-
mandant now declaimed himself ready to surrender the garrison
and the material of war, the Duke William of Mecklenburg
Schwerin entered Laon with the 4th Rifle battalion. The 4th
company of the latter had halted in the suburb of Vaux ; the
14th Cavab-y Division took up a position in front of it, the 15th
at the issues from the foi*tress. The 2nd and 3rd rifle companies
formed up in the mai*ket-place of the town and from thence
posted guards at the gates ; the 1st relieved the French guard at
the entrance to the citadel and entered the coui-t-yai'd, where
2,000 Gardes Mobiles and a half company of the 55th Line Regi-
ment laid down their aims. The men of the latter were maixshed
off as prisoner of war, while the officers and Gardes Mobiles were
set at liberty on the understanding that they would not serve
during the wai* against Germany. Just as the last files of the
French troops were quitting the citadel, two violent explosions
followed in rapid succession. After the smoke had cleared, it
appeared that tiie powder magazine had exploded, causing terrible
destruction in the court-yard of the citadel and in the adjacent
parts of the town. Those persons who chanced to be in the

* See Tart II., p. 12.

t Troops of the Idth Corps. See Fart II., p. 10.

former place were for the most part killed or wounded. The
total loss on the French side amounted to 300 men; on the
Prussian side three officers and 39 men were killed, 12 officers
and 60 men wounded. Among the latter was the commander of
the Division the Duke William of Mecklenburg Schwerin, and
Major V. Schonfels of the general staff; Colonel Count v. d.
Groeben was slightly wounded in the head.* In the citadel
were found 25 guns and 200 rifles with large stores of ammuni-
tion.t

The Army of the Mouse had meanwhile continued its advance,
the IVth Corps on the right and the Xllth on the left ; the Guard
Corps had moved up in front line between them. In advance of
the front of the army was the 6th Cavalry Division on the right,
and the 5th, which had been brought up by way of Neufchfttel,
on the left. The Cavalry Divisions of the Guard and Xllth
Corps had also been pushed forward beyond these corps about
4 or 5 miles to the westward.

In such deployment did the Army of the Mouse reach the neigh-
bourhood of Montcomet, Sdvigny and Ch&teau Porcien on the 9th
September, the 5th Cavalry Division Beaurieux, the 6th, as
alrauly mentioned, Laon. From this position they advanced
on the 10th in the direction of Paris by way of Laon, Craonne
and Cormicy;^ the last-mentioned Cavalry Divisions, recon-
noitring on the flank towards Soiasons and La Fere, dis-
covered that both fortresses were strongly occupied by the
enemy. But as the low-lying position of Soissons appeared to
fisivour in an exceptional degree a bombardment of the place,
the IVth Army Corps was charged by army headquarters
with this enterprise, which was put in execution on the 14th
September. But it soon proved that no success could be achieved
with field artillery. After the 7th InfiBUitry Division, pushed
forward to the Billy heights, had exchanged some shots with
the fortress and the commandant had declined to surrender, the
Crown Prince of Saxony, who was present^ gave orders for the
withdrawal of the corps.

The leading troops of the 6th Cavalry Division, which had
advanced as far as Cr^py en Yalois, found Senlis this day occupied
by franctireurs. The place was abandoned by the enemy on the
15 th ; the Division on entering it captured three locomotives and
destroyed near Creil the lines of railway leading from Compiegne,
Clermont, and Beauvais to Paris.

On the 16th September the IVth Army Corps reached Nanteuil,
Le Haudouin, the Guard Corps Acy en Multien, the Xllth Lizy
sur Ourcq. At the latter place the inhabitants were forced to

* The list of casoaltiea is giyen in Appendix LXI.

f The inquiry with regard to the occurrence has shown that in all probability
Henriot, a non-commissioned officer of artillery who was in charge of the material,
blew himself up together with the powder magasine. There were no grounds for
suspicion of any jomt criminality on the part of General Theremin, who was badly
woonded and died subsequently of his wound&

t The destinations for the separate days are shown in Appendix LXII.

39515. B

repair the destroyed bridge. The 6th Cavalry Division reached
Beaumont sur Oise ; its hussar patrols^ while roaking incursions
in the direction of St. Denis came across the enemy's outposts at
St. Brice and £couen ; at Montmagny, as also between Fierrefitte
and St. Denis, French camps were observed. The 5th Cavalry
Division reached Dammartin and found all the villages in this
neighbourhood abandoned by the inhabitants ; at Amouville and
Le Blanc Mesnil strong detachments of cavalry were seen in front
of the patrols. The headquarters of thjB Army of the Meuse were
at Crouy sur Ourcq on the 16th September.

The headquarters of His Majesty the King had been trans-
ferred under escort of the Wiirttemberg Division to Ch&teau
Thierry on the 14th September, and on the afternoon of the 15th
to Meaux, within the rayon of the Vlth Army Corps. The
Wiirttembergers moved forward on the 16th as far as the neigh-
bourhood of La Fert6 sous Jouarre, so that they could be brought
up in good time for any engagement before Paris.

The corps left at Sedan under the command of General v. d.
Tann, after completing their duties at that place, had also at
once commenced their advance to Paris.

After the 21,000 French, taken prisoners during the battle of
Sedan, had first been conveyed to Pont a Mousson, the 83,000
men, who had become prisoners of war by virtue of the capi-
tulation and were encamped on the Meuse peninsula at Iges
under guard of a ring of German troops, followed on and after
the 5th September.! The Emperor Napoleon, accompanied by
General v. Boyen, aide-de-camp to the King, had proceeded on
the 3rd September to Wilhelmshohe near Cassel, for the purpose
of taking up his residence at that place for the present. The
wounded Marshal MacMahon received permission to await his con-
valescence at Pouru aux Bois. Nearly 550 French officers were
liberated on their parole not to serve against Germany during
the war ; the remainder were to be conveyed by rail finom Pont
a Mousson to Coblenz on the 10th September.i^

The duties of guarding and escorting prisoners, the clearing
of the battle field, the collection and arrangement of the captured
war material, all this made considerable demands on the strength
of the men. In view of the very small efiTective of the troops
and the fact that the exhalations from the battle field had given

* The Srd Hussars had also rejoined the 6th CaYaliy Division on the 11th Sep-
tember from Longnyon. See Part I., Vol. 2, p. 488.

t See Part L, Vol. 2, p. 407, 408. The transport of the prisoners of war to the penin-
sula had lasted from the afternoon of the 2nd to the evening of the 4th. Hie Bavarians
guarded it on the south, while the Xlth Corps watcb^ the bend of the Meuse
from the north. Five convoys of prisoners, each escorted by two companies and a
half squadron, were despatched every day until the 12th September, in the strength
and in the direction prescribed by the royal headquarters.

X All officers who gave their word of honour to present themselves at the train,
were allowed to proceed independently to Pont k Mousson. General Dncrot had
taken advantage of this permission and appeared at the prescribed hour at Pont k
Mousson, but then escaped to Paris, assuming that the act of reporting his arrival
satisfied the above obligation.

rise to dysentery and typhus,* Greneral v. d. Tann found it
necessary to bring up in support of his two Corps a brigade of
the 4th Cavahy Division, which had been placed at his cQsposaL
In pursuance of instructions received from Reims the general first
caused the latter Division and on the 11th September both
army corps to march off from the neighbourhood of Sedan to
Paris ;t on the loth September the Xlth reached Epemay, the
1st Bavarian Corps Reims. The 4th Cavaby Division, whose
lOth Brigiwle had akeady proceeded as far as Nangis,t arrived
with the rest of its troops at Orbais and Ch&tillon sur Mame.§

* The Ist BaTarian Corps had 1,000 men sick with typhus between the 1st Sep-
tember and the 15th October.

f An attempt to capture M^ai^res, ordered from the rojai headquarters, was
demrred in consequence of the arrangements made with the commandant of this
fortress for feeding the prisoners of war. See Part I., YoL 2, p. 408.

t See Part II., p. 14.

§ When leaTing Sedan they were deficient of seyeral other detachments, which had
been sent on escort duty. The 9th Cayalry Brigade, with the exception of the
stafb and a sqnadron of the 6th Lancers, was wholly employed on this duty. Of
the 1st Bavarian Corps 11 companies had likewise not yet retained ; the 6th Chenuui-
legers were placed at the disposal of the GoTemment-General of Alsace-Lorraine. The
Xlth Corps, which had furnished the escorts for the last transports and had left the
1st battalion 94th Regiment to garrison Sedan, moved off with only 13^ battalions
and 5^ squadrons ; notwithstanding this, most of the regiments had b^en broo^t
up to nearly their full establishment by reinforcements teem home. The majonty
of the absent detachments rejoined their regiments during September ; some however,
which had not been relieved at the transfer stations, and m consequence had to go fsr
into the interior of Germany, or had to be detained on the line of communication to
protect it from the inroads of franctirenrs, did not reach Puis until October.

B 2

Etxnts at Pabis afteb the Battle op Sxdak.
Change of The first definite intelligence of the capitulation of the Army

SSmoT^iUs? ^^ Chilons, and of the capture of the Emperor, had reached
appeannce of Paris on the evening of the 3rd September, after dark rumours
^fj^ of a creat battle in the neighbourhood of Sedan had thrown the

^^^1^^ popmation of the capital into a state of the greatest excitement.

The unsuccessful issue of an enterprise upon which France had
pinned so much hope, the overthrow of the last army standing in
the field, and more especially the threatening vision of a siege, with
all its horrors and privations, produced intense commotion in Paris.
On the night of the 3rd~4th the Government by an open
proclamation disclosed to the capital the feite of the Army of
Ch&lons. The ministers, however, at the same time declared :
Our coura^ is not broken, Paris is even now in a position to
hold out. The military forces of the country are being collected ;
" in a few days a new army will stand under the walls of Paris,
'* and another army is forming on the banks of the Loire."

After the Corps Legislatif had met that same night, pro-
posals were made both by the Oovemment and also by the
deputies at its next sittings, which followed one another in
rapid succession, for the appointment of a Government and
Defence Commission, whose chief task was the expulsion of the
Germans from French soil. A section of the Left demanded at
the same time the deposition of the Emperor ; but no definite
resolutions were agreed upon. Large bodies of the populace,
some with arms, others without, forced their way in the afternoon
of the 4th into the House whilst the deputies were sitting in
council, and broke up the assembly with shouts of " Depose lum !
Long live the Republic 1 "

Still more violent was the scene at the Hotel de Yille, where
the leaders of the Republican party had assembled for the
purpose of forcing their demands more quickly upon the Corps
Legislatif. With cheers from the mob, among which were
many members of the Gai*de Nationale, partly even in uniform,
the Napoleonic dynasty was declai'ed to be deposed, the Republic
proclaimed, and a provisional government appointed ; at the head
of the latter api>eared General Trochu, the governor of Paris.
Although the troops were held in readiness at the bairacks, this
complete revolution was allowed to take place without any
resistance on the ])art of those previously in power. The Empress
left for Belgium in the afternoon of the 4th September.*

The Corjis Legislatif submitted in silence to the demands of
the Republican leadei's, whilst the population of the capital,
under the excitement of the events there taking place, forgot
for the moment the threatened position of the country. The mob
destroyed some French eagles over public buildings, but in other
respects committed no particular acts of violence.

* According to some French reports the Empress had in answer to repeated requests
for commands declared, that it wns her desire midcr all circumstances to avoid cinl
war.

From its very first official deeds the new Government showed
that^ in accordance with the demands of the Republican party, it
considered the struggle against the Germans as its chief task.
The present Minister of the Interior, Gambetta, wrote to the pre-
fects, " Our new Republic is a Government of National Defence, a
" republic to resist the invader to the last Surround yourselves
" with the citizens, who, like us, are animated by a never-ending
'' desire to save the country, and will not shrink firom any
" sacrifice." The Minister for Foreign Affidrs, Jules Favre, sent
a despatch on the 6th September to the representatives of
France at foreign courts, in which he declared, " We will not
" yield an inch of our country nor a stone of our fortresses."* The
cry of ** War to the knife ! " emanating in this wise from Paris,
was re-echoed throughout France.

All arrangements for the internal government having their
origin in imperial power, which were no longer adapted to the
new order of things, were cancelled, while at the same time, with
indefatigable activity, and in the practical manner peculiar to the
French, no stone was left unturned to provide the necessary
means for carrying on the war.

Scarcely a doubt prevailed at Paris as to the next destination
of the German army which had fought at Sedan. At some
places there still prevailed the hope that after the fall of the
empire the Germans would not venture to continue the struggle
against the Republic, yet it was evident from the outset to tiie
bulk of the population that they were imable to oppose any
obstacle to the victors' advance on the capital, and that Prussian
" Uhlans " might appear before many days at the gates of Paris.
The first object therefore was to increase the defensibility of the
capital, and from those of its inhabitants capable of bearing arms
to form a corps which, behind rampart and wall at any rate,
would be able to resist an assault. In carrying out these difficult
tasks the Government found effective support in the spirit of
regardless self-sacrifice of the entire population.

In order to enlist the sjnnpathies of the European courts in
the fate of France, the former minister, Thiers, proceeded on the
12th September to London, and from thence to the courts of
St. Petersburg and Vienna, bearing with him the most extrava-
gant hopes on the part of the French. As the Government
wished to continue in diplomatic intercourse with foreign powers
even in the event of an investment of the capital, and to retain
in its own hands the supreme control of the defence of the coun-
try, the Minister of Justice, Cr^mieux, was at the same time
despatched to Tours as representative of the Government, and
was followed to that place on the 16th by Vice-Admiral Fouri-
chon. Minister of Marine.

The valley of the Seine, which in traversing Twrtfiem France The enTirons
forms a broad net- work of streams, opens into a wide basin at the of Paris and it!

* The Parisians added to this declaration, " nor a shilling from our treasury."

a!^ml^?" ^ I)oint where the tributaries, the Aube, Yonne, Loing, Mame, and
187^ Oise empty themselves with the Aisne into the main stream.

The immediate neighbourhood of this natuial site for a laige
city furnishes from inexhaustible quarries an exoellent building
material ; added to this, the abundant produce of fruitful districts
can be transported along the above-mentioned tributaries, navig-
able for a considerable distance towards their sources, whilst
the lower course of the Seine is in communication with the sea.
The bend of the Lou'e, stretching northward as far as Orleans,
brings also this main artery of traffic of central France to the
neighbourhood of the capital.

The broad valley-basin, in which Paris lies, is partly
traversed, partly girt, by a considerable double-loop of the
Seine, in such wise that it forms approximately an equilateral
triangle, the angles of which are defined by the mouth of
the Mame and by the bends of the Seine at Sevres and St.
Denis. The sole of the valley, which lies some 30 metresf
above the level of the sea, is encircled by heights of considerable
elevation, which on the north and east project into the city,
whilst to the south-east of it, in the angle between the Seine
and the Lower Mame, they remain at a distance of about seven
miles from the enceinte. The summit of the valley on the left bank
of the Seine, averaging 80 metres in height, stretches at first past
the southern border of the city at a distance of about two kilo-
metres, and then hugs the river closely from Sevres as far as
Asnieres. Between this summit of the valley and the west side
of Paris opens out on the right bank of the Seine the peninsula
of Boulogne and Neuilly, in which, as in the northern part of the
opposite peninsula of Gennevilliers, the ground rises but slightly.
The whole of the front border of the Seine valley forms to a
certain extent a projecting feature of the hilly region which sur-
rounds Paris at a somewhat greater distance, and which rises in
places to a height of more than 150 metres.

The course of the Seine favours in a considerable degree the
defence of the capital. An army advancing from the eastward
against the south fi^nt is, when bringing up its siege park,
limited to bye-roads, and while crossing Uie Seine to a restricted
number of bridges, since above Paais none of the railways or
great roads in connexion T^4th the east frontier lead across the
stream. Bdmv the city the extensive sinuosities of the river
prohibit an attack so long as the peninsulas in those parts are
held by the defender. The River Seine, which has towards the
junction of the Mame a breadth of about 170 metres and a depth
of from three to five, furnishes at all seasons, with the assistance of
the arrangements for filtering, a sufficient quantity of drinking
water for the niunerous population. The Mame, two metres
deep and about 75 metres broad, afibrds no slight advantages in

* See sketch 8 (foar sheets), which has been borroved from the work, ** Histon*
of the Siege of Paris in 1870-71, by Captains £. Hejde and A« Froese, of the
Engineers."

t In agreement with the accompanying pkins the relatiye heights, &o. are giyen
in metres.

the defence of the capital, as it intersects aU the railways and roads
coming fix)m the eastward, so that by destroying the bridges the
communications of an assailant advancing from that direction
are severed. The Ourcq canal, 12 metres broad and two deep,
which brings the waters of the Ourcq rivulet to Paris from the
north-east, as also the St. Denis canal, branching from the former
canal and flowing outside the city to the Lower Seine, present no
inconsiderable obstacles to a close attack from the north side.
These obstacles are further augmented by a number of small
brooks running from the east and north, which near St. Denis
from a series of inundatable basins. The Bidvre brook, which
enters the rayon of the city at Gentilly frx)m the south, likewise
permits of inimdations being carried out in thejadjoining district,
which can then only be crossed by a limited number of dykes.

All these watercourses, in conjunction with the waterless
but steep-sided valley between Versailles and Sevres, divide
the immediate neighbourhood of Paris into seven sections.
Through these lead numerous roads and lines of rail from the
capital to all parts of the countiy. Neither is there any de-
ficiency in this district of cross-roads, while the numerous villages,
great and small, [fieusUitate the quartering of troops. Between
the years 1840-1846 there were erected in these seven sections,
in agreement with the features of the ground, sixteen large forts
and several small independent works, which, in conjunction with
the bastioned enceinte situistted from 1-j- to 4^ kilometres in rear,
replace the mediseval works which had been razed in the time of
Louis XrV.

The north-westernmost of these seven sections, which is
defined by the Lower Seine at St. Germain-en-Laye and the
Croud brook, is closely covered with houses at almost every point.
The district comprised within the great bend of the river, although
only rising gently at first, attains an elevation of 170 metres to
the south of Franconville. Although the entire neighbourhood
of Gennevilliers and St. Denis is commanded from thence, the
French Government had refrained frx)m canying out the original
intention of placing advanced works there, as no convenient ter-
mination of the line of defence could be found owing to the spurs
of the hills rising higher and higher.

The section between tlie Croud brook and the Ourcq canal,
generally level, is studded along the banks of these watercourses
and in the immediate neighbourhood of St. Denis with numerous
villages, whilst there are but few of these in the entirely open
ground between the two streams.

Within these two sections just indicated lie the bastioned works
of St. Denis and Fort Aubervilliers. The former, which surroimd
in a broad bow the north and east sides of the little town, consist
of the La Briche Crownwork, situated between the Epinai road
and the northern railway, of the Double Crown with its open gorge
bounded by the Bouillon brook, and of the quadrangular Fort de
I'Est. These three works are connected together by a dyke with
breastwork and ditch commencing at the St. Denis canal Sweeping

the latter and the canal are several small works. The bas-
tioned pentagon, Fort Aubervilliers, lies 10 metres higher than
the fortifications of St Denis. The heights north of this
place completely command the Double Crown and La Briche
less so the Fort de FEst ; Fort Aubervilliers lies quite out of
range.

The section between the Ourcq canal and the Mame is for the
greater part occupied by a long range of heights, which project
with their western spurs as far as the dty . Two sharply marked
depressions divide this ridge into a western, central, and eastern
part. The first — ^the Romainville and Montreuil plateau — abutting
on the city fortifications, commands on the one side the fiat
ground in front of St. Denis, on the other, the left bank of the
Mame from the spurs which project southward to that river.
On the northern and eastern slopes of the plateau lie Forts Romain-
ville, Noisy, Rosny, and Nogent, all quadrangular in form and
bastion in trace ; the intermediate entrenchments at Nois}%
Montreuil, de la Boissiere, and Fontenay, assist in sweeping the
slopes, which are overspread with extensive villages capable of
defence. To the east of these works, and within efiective range
from some of them, rises in tiie central part of the ridge Mont
Avron whicli commands more particularly the valley of the
Mame above Brie. The fiat summit of the hill, some 400 metres
in breadth, is covered with houses ; of its slopes only that on the
north-west is built over. The easternmost part of the ridge is
formed by the Montfermeil plateau, distant about five miles fit)m
the enceinte ; this plateau fsdls in steep slopes to the west, and on
its summit and northern slope is for the most part clothed with
wood.

To the south of Yincennes opens out a low district giit
by the windings of the Mame, and also wooded in parts. The
Fort of Yincennes, built on to the old quadrangular chateau, and
surroimded on the north and east sides by the wood and village of
that name, has on the south side an open plateau. The works called
de la Faisanderie and de Gravelle, connected by a bastioned front,
which lie about 1-J- kilometres further to the south, bar the approach
from the peninsula of St. Maur to Paris, and command both the
loop of the Mame at Champigny lying to the eastward, as also
the country between the Marne and Seine to the westward. The
St Maur canal, which connects the two arms of the Mame, form.s
a protecting obstacle in front of the latter two works.

The part of the district between the Mame and the Seine now
coming under consideration consists in the first place of the broad
delta formed at the mouths of these streams, and secondly of tiie
plateau, studded with woods and villages, which approaches close
up to the Mame north of Champigny, and attains at its highest parts
an elevation of 100 metres. In this section the bridges over the
Mame at Charenton and JoinviUe form for the defender favourable
points of soi-tie towards the south and south-east. The former is
covered by Fort Charenton, a bastioned pentagon, which at the
same time commands the roads from Melun and Troyes, tlie Lyons

railway, and the neighbourhood of Maisons Alfort and Cr6ieiL
South of this fort and about five miles from the city enceinte
rises fit)m the plain the Mont Mesly, some 70 metres in height.

Between the Seine and the Bi^yre, and at a distance of
1^ to 2 kilometres from the former river, stretches a range of
heights, which reaches its most elevated point (123 metres) at the
Hautes Bruy^res, situated to the west of Yillejuif, and beyond that
point abuts closely on the Bi^vre valley. For the defence of this
section served the pentagonal forts of Ivry and Bicdtre. From a
spur of , the eastern slope some 60 metres in height the former fort
sweeps this slope and the valley of the Seine ; the last-named fort is
situated at an elevation of 110 metres, half-way between the city
enceinte and Hautes Bruydres. Both forts are completely com-
manded from the unfortified heights lying to the south.

The section between the Bi^vre and the Sdvres valley is likewise
overspread with hills, which rise in general with gentle slopes from
the east and have their central point in the Yillacoublay plateau.
The latter projects afterwards in a double ridge separated by the
Meudon valley, of which one, covered for the most part with
wood, stretches northward in the direction of Sdvies, whilst the
other bifrircates more to the north-eastward to damart and Ch&-
tillon. The whole of the high plateau of Yillacoublay, which lies at
an average elevation of 180 metres, &S1b at first to the northward
in steep dopes, but afterwards at an elevation of about 80 metres
throws out some spurs of gradual descent, which have been used
as sites for Forts Montrouge, Yanves, and Issy. The firsts a
bastioned rectangle, commands the coimtry as far as Ch&tillon,
Bagneux, and Bourg la Reine, as also the western slopes of the
ridge on the frurther side of the Bidvre, but on its part can be taken
under fire fit>m the Hautes Bruydres and the Ch&tillon plateau.
Fort Yanves, of very similar construction to Fort Montrouge*
commands the opposite gently rising country as fiur as the village
of Cih&tillon, but likewise lies within effective range of the domi-
nating plateau. Fort Issy, built in the form of a bastioned
pentagon, and situated in tiie immediate vicinity of the Seine»
sweeps the valley of the river and the steep northern slope of
the plateau of Bas Meudon as £ax as Sdvres, but towards the
south is surrounded by commanding heights. The quarries
situated in the immediate neighbourhood of these three forts are
connected together and with the city fortification by underground

In the western section of the ground in front of Paris, bounded
by the Sevres valley and the Lower Seine, the neighbourhood of
Bocquencourt forms the point of junction of several ridges. The
Marly plateau, lying to the north-west of this point and bor-
dered on the east by the Bougival ravine, was without importance
for the defence of Paris in consequence of its great distance. The
Jardy plateau, which is confined between the valleys of Sdvies and
YiUe d' Avray, ia surrounded by more elevated hills. Between these
two plateaux the heights of La Celle SiGoud, and La Bergerie, fall-
ing in steep slopes towards the arms of the Seine, close the south

gox^ of the GenneviUiers peninsula. With the ezeeption of the
open plateau at Gaiches, which rises to a height of 170 metres,
and partly also the country between it and the park of St.
Cloud, the whole of this ridge is wooded. The latter descends
in steep slopes at first, but afterwards more gently to an
elevation of about 90 metres, when it again rises suddenly to
a height of 161 metres at Mont Yal^rien. Distributed over the
small summit of this hill, and upon its lower slopes, lies the fort
of that name, whose outer enceinte forms a bastioned pentagon
about 80 metres below the crest. The fort commands the country
as far as the Sevres valley, and the entire peninsula of the Seine
up to the flat ground at Qennevilliers. The east slope of the
conical hill, which is not swept by the fire of the fort, lies within
range of the guns of the city enceinte.

On the outbreak of the war with Germany, the French
Government considered it advisable to make ready the ramparts
and works of the capital for defence, and to strengthen it as much
as possible with new works. As early as July the military
authorities had endeavoured to carry out the most pressing works
as secretly as possible, so as to avoid causing alarm to the popula-
tion. After the defeats, however, in the month of August, in view
of the now increasing danger, a Defence Conmiission was formed,
which, under the presidency and supervision of General Trochu,
availed itself of every means to place the capital in a state of
security with the least possible delay. As regards the enceinte
proper, the preparations were limited genenJly to resisting a
coup de main ; against hforrrud attack only the Point du Jour
bastion and that in rear of Fort Yanves, in addition to all the
advanced forts, were placed in readiness. These extensive works
had, with the co-operation of all the available strength, progressed
so fEkvourably before the arrival of the Germans in the vicinity
of the capital, that the Defence Commission was able to proceed
with the construction of new works.

In advance of the norOi front the ponds and brooks were
dammed, the ditches of the forts filled with water. By the con-
struction of a work dose to the Seine, about 1,000 paces below
La Briche, by fortifying the farm buildings at Le Temps Perdu,
the Chateau at YiUetaneuse, and Stains mill, which were con-
nected together by trenches, there arose a continuous advanced
line of defence between the Seine and the dam at Bouillon brook.
East of Fort de I'Est, St. Lucien and La Coumeuve were
fortified ; to the right and left of the latter village emplacements
for guns were constructed. A rearward line of communication
ran from Cr6vecoeur, through Aubervilliers and the fort of the
same name, as far as the Ourcq canaL A newly-erected battery
on the Montmartre, armed with guns of the heaviest calibre, was
to act against any attack made over the ground between Croud
brook and the Ourcq canal. The railway stations at Bondy and

Noisy 1® S^ ^ "^ell as the border of the last-named village, were
artificially strengthened.

In the ground to tiie east of Paris, which was very defensible
both naturally and by virtue of the existing works, all that was
necessary was the construction of a covered communication, pro-
vided with emplacements for artillery, between BomainviUe and
Fort Nogent. The delta between the Seine and Mame was likewise
closed on the south of Maisons Alfort by a rampart arranged for
artillery.

On the left banlc of the Sei/ns it appeared necessary to fortify
the range of hills at Hautes Bruyeres, Villejuif, and Vitry, by
the construction of several earthworks. Of the commenced
works only the battery at Hautes Bruyeres was at first brought
nearly to completion,* while by damming the Bifevre before
it enters the town its valley was inundated as far as the
south of Gentilly. It was the intention of the Defence Com-
mission to bring into the area of defence the heights on the
left bank of the Bi^vre opposite Forts Montrouge, Yanves, and
Issy. Several batteries were commenced, and the trees of
the woods in their immediate vicinity were in process of being
cleared; but the works were so much in arrear that on the
appearance of the Oermans these important positions had to be
abandoned.! The forts in question were connected together by
trenches, which were continued as £eu: as the left bank of the Seine,
and led also to the adjacent villages, which were provided with
defensive arrangements. In the groimd also between Fort Issy
and Sevres, and on the island of Billancourt, the villages were
also fortified.

The plan of constructing new works upon the peninsula of
Gennevilliers, between Mont Yal^rien and the works at St. Denis,
had also to be abandoned in the middle of its execution owing to
the rapid advance of the Germans. The defence was therefore
limited to the right bank of the Seine between St. Cloud and
St. Denis, and to fortifying as bridge-heads the villages of
Courbevoie, Asni&res, and Yilleneuve la Garenne.]: At the latter
place a palisade was erected in the Seine, while above the city
some heavily- weighted pontoons, protected by gunboats, formed
a barrier across the stream.

Arrangements for lighting up the ground in front of the
fortress by means of the elec&ic light were made at all the forts ;
the latter and all buildings in the city of importance in a
military point of view were connected by a carefully arranged
network of telegraphs. At 12 points there were special watch-

* Later on another battery was completed at Moulin Saquet, besides a breast-
work between Vitry and the Seine. ViU^nif, after being arranged for defienee, was
connected b j a parapet with the two batteries, while Hantes Bm jires was likewise
connected with the water-conduit at Arcueil.

t Similar batteries had been commenced to the sonth of Bagneoz, at Moolin de la
Tour, Notredame de Oamart, and Meudon, to the south and east of S^yres and to the
north of St. Cload.

t In addition to some minor woiks a few large batteries had been commenced in the
neighbourhood of Qenneyilliers, Colombes, and La Garenne.

posts,* and torpedoes were embedded at suitable points of the
glacis of the varioas works.

On the approach of the Oermans the bridges over the Seine
and Mame in the neighbourhood of the city were blown up ;
only the railway passa^ at Asni^res, Bezons, Chatou, Sartrouville,
and Le Pecq, in addition to the road bridges at Charenton,
Neuilly, and St. Denis, were left standing. AU roads outside
the forts leading to the city were broken up ; abattis, chevaux de
frise, trous de loup, man-traps, wire fencing, and other obstacles,
were to impede as far as possible the advance of the Germans.

The artillery armament of the works was at the same time
undertaken with energy by the Defence Commission.t The latter
had brought up to the capital^ by means of the railway, upwards
of 200 heavy guns fix>m the naval stores, and from the other
arsenals the guns in store which formed the full complement
against the formal attack ; the guns for the enceinte, stored in
the forts and arsenals, were brought up to their places with the
aid of the circular railway. By the 19th September 2,627
fortress and siege guns were available, so that in this respect
the most extreme requirements were fully satisfied. The arma-
ment for the city comprised 805, that for the forts 1,389 fortress
cannon. Besides these, several hundred heavy guns, with 460
teams of horses ready for their transport, were placed at the
disposal of the commandant to strengthen any threatened points.
As reinforcement to the fortress furtillery there was a newly
formed river flotilla, consisting of five floating armour-plat^
batteries, six steam sloops, one yacht, and nine gunboats, part of
which were originally destined for t^e Rhine.t This flotilla was
deputed to protect the dams, the boat-bridges, and those places
where the Seine enters the enceinte ; it was also to afibrd as
much support as possible to the movements of troops. To this
end the vessels were divided into two groups, of which one lay
at anchor ofl* Quay Javel, the other ofl* Quay Bercy.

Of ammunition, 500 rounds per gun in ihe forts and 200 for
each gun in the enceinte were demanded; the requirements
in gunpowder amounted to 6,600,000 pounds. By bringing
in large supplies firom outside and by establishing a powder
factory in Paris these demands were satisfied in good time.

With no less restless activity were provided the number of
combatants necessary for an obstinate defence of the huge fortress.
Of the 167,500 men deemed requisite for the purpose, 80,000 were
to be employed in the city works, 40,000 in the forts, 7,500 for
the artillery, and 40,000 as a field army.

Of troops of the line, there were available the 13 th Corps re-

* Watehposts were establifhed on the Montmartre, the Trocadero, the Panth^n, at
the Porte Maillot, at Paasj, Vineennes, Villcjuif^ and at Porta Bomainville, Biedtre,
Valerien, Nogent, and Montrooge.

t The detiuls of the aTailable means of defence are mostl j taken from General
Dncrot's work on the defence of Pahs.

I See Part I., Vol. 2, p. 482, 433. The floating batteries and eight gunboats were
armed with two guns each, one gunboat and the steam sloops with one gun each.

called from M^zi^resand the 14th now assembling at the capital,*
each consisting of about 25,00<X men. The fugitives and stragglers
from the Army of Ch&lons were attached to the regiments de
marche ;t from the remains of the three Zouave regiments which
had escaped fit)m Sedan a Zouave regiment de marche was
formed, which after the enroknent of volunteers reached a
strength of 2,000 men. A further increase to the troops of the line
was provided by the Admiralty assigning about 14,000 sailors,
marines, and marine artillerymen, who, formed into a Division
under Vice- Admiral de La Bonci^re le Noury, constituted the most
efficient and trustworthy part of the defenders of Paris. If we
add to these the dismounted gensdarmes, some 3,000 strong, the
Qarde de Paris, and some 5,000 custom-house officials, foresters,
and sergeants de ville, the effective of the line troops amounted
to frx)m 75,000 to 80,000 men, of which, however, not more than
one third could be considered as entirely fit for service.

Of still less value in comparison with the foregoing troops
were the 115,000 Gardes Mobiles, who by virtue of an Imperial
proclamation of the 16 th July had been summoned to arms,^ and
since the 1st September had been brought up to Paris.

In order to obtain frirther forces for Qie heavy duties of a pro-
tracted and energetic defence, active steps were taken for the
formation as well of a Garde Nationale. In consequence of the
questionable advantages of this service there only existed
under the Empire sixty battalions of Garde Nationale, a total
force of 40,000 men, who were specially selected, and their officers
nominated by the Goveiimient But when it was afterwards
ordered in August 1870 that all men between the ages of 25
and 35 capable of bearing arms, who had complied with the law
of recruiting and were not shown on the rolls of the Garde
Mobile, were to be called up to the colours for the duration of
the war, the Government ordered on the 6th September the
formation of 60 new battalions of Garde Nationale, each of
1,500 men. Shortly after, the authorities were summoned to
enrol all men capable of bearing arms between the above ages,
and to inform them that service in the Garde Nationale was
compulsory. The number of battalions in Paris increased so
rapidly in consequence of this measure, that (jeneral Trochu on
the 14th September was able to hold an inspection of 130
battalions. But the 60 old battalions of the Garde Nationale
were all that coidd be relied upon to any extent ; the rest lacked
discipline and military training. The battalions were for the
most part armed with rifles a la Tabatiere.

* Appendix LXin. eontaiiw the order of battle of the 14th Corps.

t A regimmU de tMrcke in its proper signifioation means a regiment formed of
men of different corps, and which is onl j organised for conducting them to their
destination ; but after Sedan, these regiments, while still formed of men of different
corps, took their pUoe in the order of battle as fighting units. — Tr.

t See Part I., Vol. 1, p. 49. The 15,000 Gardes Mobiles of the Department of the
Seine, which towards the middle of August were brought back from the camp of
ChAlons to Paris in consequence of their want of discipline (see Part I., VoL 2, p.
50), could only be used eren there to a very limited extent. Onthe ISth September
thej refused to occupy the outposts as the appointed position appeared in their
eym too dangerous.

The very general desire on the part of the population of
Paris to bear a share in the defence of the capital, without
being subjected to severe discipline, led moreover to the forma-
tion of volunteer corps, the number of which increased to such a
degree that the Government found itself compelled to forbid any
further formations. These corps equipped themselves as their
special tastes dictated, and showed a disposition to perform
military duties in the capital entirely according to their own
particidai' views *

Among the 300,000 men who were thus coUected in the
month of September for the defence of Paris, there were only a
few regiments of cavalry. Of those of the 13th and 14th Corps,
some had left for the Loire under General Reyau, while the rest
had been united into a Division under General Champ^ron. To
these must be added Bemis' Cavalry Brigade, composed of the
1st Lancer Regiment de Marche, the 2nd Cuirassier Regiment de
Marche, and tiie mixed Regiment de Marche. This arm was
further augmented by the mounted gensdarmes, some detach-
ments of Spahis, and the Garde Republicaine. Part also of
the Garde Nationale and of the volunteer corps mounted them-
selves.t

Of field artillery only the batteries of the 13th and 14th Corps
were at first available, and these for the most part had only
completed their equipment during the war. By calling in the
marines and discharged artillerymen they were enabled with
the aid of the abundant artillery material at hand to form by
degrees a large number of new batteries. The Garde Mobile and
the Garde Nationale, which formed several batteries,^ likewise
reinforced the engineers and the train by organising special corps
and technical companies. Of the former troops there were origin-
ally but six companies, of the train eight companies, in addition
to two companies of pontoniers and four of workmen.

The defence commission went most carefully into the question
of housing and rationing the troops ; in this they were energetically
aided by the people, who had organised a number of charitable
institutions of various descriptions. In the streets of itie outer
circle of Paris, on the Romainville plateau and at the camp of
St. Maur, sprung up numerous barracks ; the necessary hospitals
were established for the reception of the sick and wounded. Food

* It ii impoatible to determine the real strength of the Tolonteer corps, in spite of
every eflfort on the part of the French GoTetnment ; it is said that they numbered from
15,000 to 18,000 men. Even the female sex was unwilling to be left behind the men
in their spirit of self-eacrifice, and took up arms in person against the enemj. A
summons was issued for the formation of 10 battalions of Amaaons of the Seme, a pro-
ject, however, which was only partially pat in practice under the Commune.

t The order of battle of Champ^n's Division is given in Appendix LXIV. Hie
2nd Cuirassier and the 8rd mixed regiments demarche were formed of a squadron of
Cent Gardes and some available detadiments of the Cavalry of the Guard. Among the
mounted volunteer corps Franchetti's squadron shortly gained distinction. During
the course of the siege tiie cavalry was brought to a strength of about 5,000 horses.

% Towards the end of the siege there were, according to General Ducrot's state-
ment, 124 fidd bsAteries, among which 16 were manned by marines and 15 byUie
Garde Mobile.

for the troops was shortly ensured for a considerable period, and
by providii^ forty-five days provisions for the inlukbitants it
was considered that the most extreme requirements would be
satisfied.*

At the head of the whole defence of Paris was General Trochu,
previously governor and the now president of the government ;
General Schmitz was the chief of his staff, which numbered 17
staff officers and aides de camp. General Guiod superintended
the artillery defence, having under him artillery officers of rank
on the right and left bank of the Seine. The engineer duties
were supervised by three general officers under the supreme
direction of General de Chabaud la Tour. The command-in-chief
of the entire Garde Nationale was entrusted to Tamisierf a retired
officer of artillery. The city enceinte received for each of the
nine sections into which it was divided a special commandant,
a commander of artillery, and one for the engineers. Sik of these
sections comprised the fortifications on the right bank of the
Seine, the three others those on the left. In each section the
duty of defending the ramparts and providing the first reserve
devolved upon the Garde Nationale ; the Garde Mobile fonned
the second, the line troops the third reserve.^

The advanced works were grouped in four sections ; each of these
was under a special commander. The first section comprised the
works at St. Denis and AuberviUiers, the second, Forts Romainville,
Noisy, and Roany, the third, Forts Ivry, Bicdtre, and Montrouge,
the fourth. Forts Yincennes, Nogent, Charenton, as well as Uie
Gravelle and Faisanderie redoubts ; Forts Mont Yaldrien, Issy, and
Yanves constituted special commands. The Naval Division gar-
risoned Forts Bonudnville, Noisy, Bosny^ Ivry, BicStre, and
Montrouge ; it had detachments also in Mont Yaldrien and Fort
Nogent, whilst the remaining forts were occupied for the most
part by Gardes Mobiles of the Department of the Seine.

By means of the information of their own countEymen, recon-
naissances in air balloons, and reports fix>m the cavalry, the inhabi-
tants were kept constantly informed of the approach of the
Gennans. The first available French troops of the line had been
pushed as early as the 11th September in advance of the fortifi-
cations : the 13th Army Corps first occupied the district between
Sevres Brid^ and St. Ouen, but was afterwards brought to the
Yincennes plateau ; the 14th Corps advanced on the 15th into
the space l^tween Ivry and Bas Meudon.

When General Trochu was visiting the positions in advance of
the south fix>nt on the following day in company with General

* Of fllanghter beasts thflre irere collected by the 19th September 80,000 oxen,
6,000 pigs, and 180,000 sheep.

t This officer was replaoed in October by General Clement Thomas, who was
mmdersd on the 18th Maich 1871 during the inanzrectiQn of the Paris Commnne.

X The number of battalions of the Garde Nationale assigned to the different sections
was yery unequal, and raried between 12 (at Passy) and 55 (at Belleville). Each
section consisted of two snb-seotions, each of which received an officer of lankas com-
maadant The battalions of Garde Mobile intendedas reserve to the Gaide Nationale
were formed, according to the parts of the city in which they were qnartoed, into
four groups, the BIysM, Pahdb Boyal, Oonservatoire des Arts, and Luxembourg.

disposal

in Paris, he found the new works incomplete, but nevertheless
resolved not to yield to the adversary without a struggle the
heights at that point on account of the advantages they would
confer upon the attacking side. The 14th Army Corps was there-
fore pushed forward on the morning of the 17tii abreast of
Clamart and Bagneux.

Thx Invkstuent of Paris bt the TTTrd Abmt and the Armt or

THE Meuse.

(17th — 19th Seftembsb.)

During the forward movement of the Germans through the
Champagne more precise intelligence with regard to the course in-
ternal matters were taking in France reached the headquartets
of His Majesty the King. Before the middle of September there
was also no longer any doubt that Paris was making ready for
an energetic defence, putting forward all her strength for the
purpose, and that a new field army was forming on the Loire.
A coup de Tnain against the capital, which contained for the
most part untrained troops, but was surrounded by numerous
outworks and ramparts free from escalade, had little chance of
success, while a repulsed assault under existing circumstances
would have an especially disadvantageous influence upon the
general military situation. The German authorities therefore
resolved to limit themselves for the present to a close investment
of Paris. For this purpose there were available about the middle
of September about 150,000 men and 620 field guns, upon whom
the task likewise devolved of preventing any attempts on the
part of the enemy to raise the siege. There was every prospect
of a speedy reinforcement of the investing army by the Corps
coming from Sedan ; any farther increase to the troops, however,
depended mainly upon events at Metz and Strassburg.

The decision whether or no, and when, they should undertake
a bombardment or a formal siege of Paris, was reserved for the
present. A population counting by millions, and with its habits of
life considerably thrown out of gear by being cut off from the outer
world, might probably ere long demand the surrender of the city.
But on the other hand, by holding out for a longer period the
enemy might find time and opportunity to convert by degrees
the armed population into useful soldiers, and also assist the
preparations in the coimtry in such a way that fresh armies
might take the field. Consequently on the German side regard
must be had from the first to the possible necessity of a
bombardment, not forgetting also that the railway communi-
cation with home territory would at first be extremely limited.
On the only line of rail which led to the neighbourhood of Paris
through the district commanded by the Germans, Toul was still
in the enemy's hands. Even after the capture of this fortress

the bringing up of the siege park, which had been ready in
Pmsaia since the middle of August, would meet with consider-
able difficulties, because the great railway tunnel at Nanteuil
sur Mame was completely destroyed by the French, thereby
entirely precluding any use being made for a considerable time
of the railway west of this place. In order to transport the
siege park by the ordinary roads, about 4,500 four-wheel wagons
and 10,000 horses would have to be collected in the enemy's
country for the 300 heavy guns with a provisional equipment
of 500 rounds per gun. The unavoidable transport of men to
replace casualties, of stores of food, equipment and clothing for
the army of investment, claimed to the full the service of that
single nulway as soon as it should become available. In order
to gain possession of it as soon as possible, orders were issued
from the royal headquarters on the 8th September for a siege
park to be forwarded to the neighbourhood of Toul, and to be
employed for the reduction of that fortress.''^

As regards the investment of Paris, an order was issued on the
15th September from Ch&teau Thierry, the detailed execution
of which was discussed in the course of the day by General v.
Moltke with the chiefs of the staff of the two armies.t

In accordance with the instructions, the three Corps of the
Army of the Meuse, occupying Argenteuil in force, were on the
19th to invest the capital on the right banks of the Seine and
Mame,t whilst the 5th and 6th Cavalry Divisions were to en-
deavour to establish by way of Poissy communication with the
Ilird Army if possible on the preceding day. The latter, seeing
there was no probability of any offensive movement on the
part of the enemy fix>m Paris was to approach the capital on
the left bank of the Seine and Mame, independently of the
advance of the Army of the Meuse, and to extend to the left in
proportion as the Corps coining up fix>m Sedan arrived. The
cavalry of the IlIrd Army was ordered on the one .hand to
establish communication with the Army of the Meuse in a
westerly direction, and on the other to obtain information with
regard to the concentration of troops on the Loire. Should the
reUef of Paris be contemplated from that direction, the main
forces of the IlIrd Army were to proceed one or two days' march
in the direction of the enemy, so as to defeat him at a suitable
distance from the line of investment. This latter was to be
selected out of range of the artillery of the fortress, but as near as
possible to the latter, and was to be strengthened by earthworks.
In order to facilitate the communication between the two armies,
numerous bridges were ordered to be constructed over the Mame
and the Seine ; the lines of railway and telegraph leading to
were to be slightly destroyed.

* See Part U. p. 11.

t The wording of the order is giTen in Appendix LXV .

i During the conference just mentioned reference was also made to the importance
of a speedj occupation of Le Bourget and the peninsula of GenneTiiliers. The latter
was not tBkken within the line of investment for the present, in consequence of the
proximity of the fortifications on Mont YalMen.

39515. C

In addition to this, the Army of the Mease received orders, to
deprive the (SEtpital of part of its drinking water by draining the
Ourcq canal, and, if practicable, to strengthen the northern Ime of
investment by damming the watercourses in its front. For the
first object tiie headquarters of the Ilird Army, in accordance
with a communication from the royal headquarters, had, as early
as the 10th September, diverted theDhuis atPargny,on the 11th
the Mame at Cresanzy and Chinriy, from their artificial course
into the natural bed.^

With a view to the investment of the south side of Paris the
Crown, Prince of Prussia issued the following orders at Coulom-
miers on the 16 th September : —

The 2nd Cavalry Division will cross the Seine on the 17th
at Villeneuve St. Georges, Juvisy, and Bis ; on the 18th it will
move to Saday, whence it will watch in thetdirection of Paris,
and establish connexion with the Army of the] Meuse by way
of Chevreuse. The Vth Corps will cross the Seine on the
18th at Villeneuve St. Georges, will then move to Palaiseau and
occupy Versailles on the 19th, with outposts in the ground
between Croissy and the park at Meudon. The 2nd Bavarian
Cori^s will reach the left bank of the Seine at Corbeil on the 17th,
arrive at Longjumeau on the 18th, Chatenay on the 19th, with
its outposts between the park at Meudon and L'Hay on the
Bi^vi-e. The Vlth Corps will arrive at Villeneuve St. Georges
on the 18th, leave a brigade between the Mame and the Seine,
and cross the latter river with the remainder on the 19 th,
throwing out its outposts between the river and L'Hay, if possible
at daybreak. The Corps will make preparations for bridging the
Seine between Choisy le Roi and Juvisy. The Wiirttemberg
Division will take up a position with two brigades in the neigh-
iDOurhood of Pontaidtf and place outposts fi:om Ormesson by way
of Champigny to Noisy. On the left flank of the army the 4tli
Cavalry Division will proceed in the direction of Orleans by way
of Fontainebleau and Pithiviers. To maintain communication
with it the Ilnd Bavarian Corps will send a detachment to
Arpajon, which is to be relieved subsequently by the 1st Bavarian
Corps.!
Investment of Whilst tlie Ilird Army moved ofi* imder these arrangements
the north and fQj. ^jj^ purpose of crossing the Seine above Paris, the headquarters
Pn-iR of the Army of the Meuse issued on the 17th September the

foUowiBg inductions for the investment of the north side of the
capital: —

The Xllth Army Corps was ordered to move on the 18th to the
neighbourhood of Claye, to push forward its advanced troops on

* These interrnptions of the supply were effected withoat difficulty ; they» how-
ever, &uled in their ol^ect because the requirements in drinking water were amply
covered by other arrangements.

t The decision on this point was reserved to the King aa the Wfiittembeig Division
acted as escort to the royal headquarters.

X The arrival of the laUer at Montlhery and of the Xlth Corps at Boissy St. Leger
was fixed for the 22nd September.

the following day to beyond Chelles and Sovran, and after throw*
ing a bridge over the Mame to connect itself with the right wing
of the Illrd Anny. The Guard Corps received instructions to
reach Mitry on the 18th, Boissy on the 19th, and to occupy in
front line the villages of Aulnay, Le Blanc Mesnil, and Amouville.
The lYth Army Corps*on the right wing was to reach Dammartin
on the 18th, St. Brice on the 19th, placing its outposts in the
ground between Sarcelles and Deuil, and pushing forward a
brigade with two batteries to Argenteuil. The brigade of Lancers
of the Ouard attached to the Corps was to observe tike Seine below
the latter place, and to take up the connexion by way of St.
Qermain with the 5th and Gth^Cavalry Divisions, which, as already
mentioned, were to extend on the 18th from Poissy along the left
bank of the stream.

With the latter object in view the 5th Cavalry Division quitted
the neighbourhood of Dammartin for Le Mesnil Aubry on the 17th.
The 13th Cavalry Brigade, pushed forward on the left to cover
this flank march, found the villages between Qonesse and St.
Denis occupied by the enemy, who fired briskly upon the Prussian
cavaby patrols. The 10th Hussars made incursions as far as Le
Bourget, but were brought up at noon with the rest of the
brigade to Le Mesnil Aubry, as French in£Euitry ftt>m Pierrefitte
and Stains were advancing through the very intersected ground
in a northerly direction.

The 6th Cavalry Division had remained stationary on the
17th at Beaumont sur Oise, where in the evening a pontoon
company of the IVth Army Corps, with the light field bridge
train and half the pontoon column, also arrived. As it had
meanwhile transpired that the passages over the Oise and Seine
on the German line of march had been blown up by the enemy,
a bridge was first to be thrown at Pontoise by order from army
headquarters, and after being used by the two Cavahy Divisions
was to be at once taken to pieces and used for bridging the Seine
at Poisy.

At noon of the 18th the German bodies of hoi-se began to
cross the bridge which had just been completed at Pontoise;
the 6th Cavalry Division leadmg the advance reached the neigh-
bourhood of Chanteloup that same evening.* A patrol of the
3rd Lancers reached the left bank of the Seine on the 19th by
means of a ferry re-established at Triel, and endeavoured to
connect itself with the Ilird Army in the dii-ection of
Chevreuse. After the 5th Cavalry Division had finished crossing
this day at Pontoise, the pontoon train was brought up to Triel
and a bridge thrown there on the following night. On the 20th,

* Two companies of the 4th Rifle battalion atUched to the Division, see Fart n.
p. 16, zeouuned at Pontoise ; the other two companiea moTed to Triel and Cani^rea
and destroyed the line of railway and tel^^phs in the neighbourhood of the former
place. The hone artillery battery of the IVth Corps, likewise attached to the
Division, returned to its original command.

5()

it may here be remarked in anticipation, both Cavaky Divisions
crossed the Seine, and passed for the present imder the orders of
the Ilird Army.

The Corps of the Army of the Meuse had meanwhile reached
the destinations appointed for the 18th September without special
incident Some hussars, belonging to the advanced guard of
the lYth Army Corps which had been pushed forward as £eu: as
Ooussainville, made incursions beyond this village to the south-
ward, and observed hostile troops upon the heights of Montmagny
and Pierrefitte. Patrols fix>m tiie brigade of Lancers of the Qiuurd
were fired at by French inGmtry at Le Bourget and Drancy.

These indications coupled with the reports which had reached
the headquarters of the Army of the Meuse at St. Soupplets
gave rise to the belief, that the enemy was occupying in force
the ground in firont of St. Denis, and would not suffer the
north side of Paris to be invested without a serious resistance.
Instructions were therefore sent on the evening of the 18th to
the lYth Army Corps to drive back the adversary, with whom
they would probably come into collision on the following day,
into the fortifications of St. Denis. The Quard Corps was to
hold itself in readiness to support the IVth at Gonesse, and
if possible to throw forward its outposts as far as Le Bourget.
The Xllth Army Corps received orders to leave only one Infimtry
Division between the Mame and the Ourcq canal, and to advance
with the remainder to Sovran, so as to take part, if necessary, in
the engagement by way of Aulnay.

The supposition of the army headquarters was shared by the
royal headquarters at Meaux, where these arrangements had been
reported. In consequence thereof discretionary power was granted
to the former on the morning of the 19th to call up the other
Infiintry Division of the Xllth Corps for ^the engagement, while
at the same time initiatory steps were taken for supporting with
the Wiirttemberg Division, which had reached Meaux on the 17th
and had advanced on the following day with two brigades as far
as Lagny. The latter now received the command to move from
Lagny to Chelles, or in the event of their being already on the
left bank of the Mame on the march to Pontaidt,* according to
their previous orders, to prepai*e at Coumay the passage to the
north side of the river. His Majesty the King subsequently
proceeded from Meaux to Gonesse, which place, in com))any
with General v. Moltkc, he reached towards noon.

Meanwhile the IVth Army Corps had arrived about 7.30 a.m.
with the 7th Division at Eoissy, with the 8th and the brigade of
Lancers of the Guard at Le Thillay and Boucqueval. Under cover
of the 15th Infantry Brigade pushed forward to Sarcelles and
Graulay, and of the 7th Dragoons observing towards Stains, the
Corps continued the originally prescribed movement through
St. Brice, the Guard Corps having meanwhile been requested to
divert the enemy's attention from this flank march by an advance

♦ See Part II., p. 84.

to Stains. The Crown Prince of Saxony, who had proceeded to
the height west of Amouville, and had there been informed by
one of his staffof the state of affairs on the right wing of the Army,
now sent a summons, referring to the order of the previous
evening, to the lYth Army Corps, that it would if possible drive
in the enemy at Montmagny upon St. Denis ; should circumstances
render it necessary, the Quard Corps would support this offensive
movement by way of Amouville.

General v. Alvensleben I., in command of the Corps, ordered at
11.30 a.m. the 15th Brigade to advance towards Montmagny,
Villetaneuse, and Pierrefitte. The fusilier battalions leading
the advance drove the weak French detachments after a short
skirmish from the partly barricaded villages into the fortifi-
cations of St. Denis, frx)m which place the positions of the
Germans were now taken under artillery fire.

The troops of the IVth Army Corps advancing through St.
Brice upon Argenteuil exchanged some shots with tiie adversary's
outposts to the south of Deuil. In consequence of an order from
army headquarters issued at 2 p.m. the 16 th Infiintry Brigade
halted at the latter place, whilst the brigade of Lancers of the
Guard advanced as far as Cormeil en Parisis for the purpose of
watching ArgenteuiL

The Guard Corps had during the course of the forenoon
assembled between Gtonesse and Tremblay, and occupied with the
1st Guard Infantry Division the villages of Amouville, Garges,
and Dugny. In pursuance of the previously-mentioned summons
to advance upon Stains, Major-Greneral v. Pape attacked the
village with a company of Rifles of the Guard, and captured
it after a brief skirmish. The other two Brigades of the
Corps had come up further on the left to the Mor^e brook,
towards which strong columns of French troops were said to be/
advancing in the direction of Aulnay. But they turned out
to be only small detachments, which fell back before the Prussian
infantry. The cavalry patrols making incursions by way of
Pont Iblon reported that Le Bourget was occupied by the enemy
and was arranged for defence ; thei*e were also French outposts
at Drancy as on the previous day.

The Xllth Army Corps had moved forward from the neigh-
bourhood of Claye towards the Bois de Bondy, and occupied
the villages between Chelles and Sevran with the 23rd Division.
In the neighbourhood of the latter village were concentrating by
degrees the i*emainder of the Corps. The Saxon patrols met
hostile detachments to the west of the above-mentioned wood ; a
division of the Body Guard Gi^enadier Regiment was driven from
Bondy by a superior force of French infantry.

After it was found that the troops of the IVth Army Corps
had encountered no serious opposition in taking up their
assigned positions before the north front of Paris, the main bodies
of the other two Corps were also quartered in the villages within
their respective rayons. Accordingly the Army of the Meuse
occupied the following jDOsitions in the evening : —

The foremost troops of the Xllth Corps were appuyed on the
Mame above Neuilly, and lined the western border of the Bois
de Bondy. The two In&ntry Divisions had remained at the places
which they had taken up during the course of the day ; the Cavalry
Division had retired to Le Pin, the corps artillery to Claye.

The line of outposts of the Quard Corps ran along the left bank
of the Mor6e brook from the Bois de Bondy to Pont Iblon, and
from thence through Dugny to Stains. The 1st Guard Infiintry
Division lay in the villages between Gonesse and Stains^ the 2nd
at Yillepinte, Le Blanc Mesnil, and Aulnay. The Guard Cavaby
Division was withdrawn to Mitry and TremUay, the corps
artillery to Gtoussainville.

The IVth Army Corps had thrown out its outposts from Ebiut
Boi Mill through Montmagny as far as Lake Enghien ; strong
detachments of all arms were posted in support The 14th
Brigade with the corps artillery was in the neighbourhood of
St. %rice, the 13th at Sarcelles, the 15 th in and around Graulay,
the 16th at Montmorency and Deuil.

The headquarters of the three Army Corps were at Claye,
Roissy and St. Brice. The Crown Prince of Saxony took up
his headquarters at Tremblay, the battalion of Sharpidiooters of
the Guard forming his escort.

Thus was completed the investment of the north and east sides
of Pai'is on the evening of the 19th September.

Investment of ^^® advance into position of the IIJj:d Army led to serious

the 6oath side Collisions on the south of the French capital.

of Paris. The Vth Army Corps had moved off in the morning of the

17th September frx)m the neighbourhood of Chevry, Touman, and
Fontenay'^ in the direction of Yilleneuve St. Georges. At the
head of the corps was the 9th InfiEmtry Division with the
attached pontoon column and the greater part of the corps
artiller}"^ ; the 17th Brigade was .despatched with two squadrons
of drafifoons and the heavy batteries of the Division to Limeil, in
oixirtoscreen the projected formation of bridges against enter-
prises fix)m Paris. The troops of this latter brigade, intended to
give the outposts between the Seine and the Mame, met some
troops of the 13th French Corps abreast of Choisy le Roi and
Bonneuil, against which they deployed for attack at 1 p.m.
after occupjring L'Hopital farm.

In consequence of the intelligence that German troops were
advancing along the left bank of the Mame, General Yinoy had
proceeded in the forenoon of the 17th with Ex^'s Division by
way of Charenton to Boissy St. Leger, for the purpose of carry-
ing off or destroying the supplies accumulated in the Ch&teau Le
Piple. But when the General leamt that the two latter places
were ah'eady in the possession of the Germans, he halted one
brigade at Cr^teU, whilst Daudel's Brigade with two batteries
and some mitrailleuses occupied the vine-clad Mont Mesly and
the villages to the westward. The Prussian dragoons which

» See Part II., p. 14.

had pressed forward close up to this position in pursuit of the
akirmishers were driven off by artillery fire.

The 1st heavy battery Vth Army Cterps, which had meanwhile
driven up to the north of Yalenton, at once took up the struggle
with the hostile artillery * Supported by the fire of this battery
the musketeer battalions 58th Begiment and the 1st battalion
of the 59th, in a total force of nine companies, made an envelop-
ing offensive movement against Mont Mesly, fix)m which the
enemy retired to Cr^il. After an attack, undertaken by the
French at 4 p.m. with three battalions against the heights from
which they had been dislodged, had failed against the file-fire of
the 59th, tiie enemy, retiring hastily and in <£sorder, was pursued
by the 58th beyond Cr^teil until he came within range of Fort
Charenton. The 17th Brigade then went into bivouacs at Limeil,
with outposts between Choisy and the Bois de Brevannes.t

During the foregoing engagement on the right flank of the 9th
Division the pioneers of the Vth Army Corps had thrown a
pontoon bridge at Villeneuve St. (jeorges ; previously to this the
1st battalion 47th Regiment and a detachment of dragoons had
been transported over the Seine in boats to cover this work, and
after driving away some franctireurs had taken up a position
on the left bank. The other two battalions of the last-named
regiment likewise crossed the stream towards 4 o'clock on the
completion of the bridge, and advanced as &r as Ablon. The
other parts of the 9th Infantry Division remamed on the right
bank ; the 10th bivouacked at Mandres and Boissy St. Leger.

The 2nd Cavalry Division, which had reached Villeneuve St.
Qeorges at 10 a.m., followed the 47th Regiment to the left bank
of the Seine, and proceeded the same day to Juvisy, Athis, and
Villeneuve Le Roi.

The Vlth Army Corps reached Roissi, Pontault, and Noiseau ;
from the latter place the advanced guard threw forward its out-
posts to Champigny, Ormesson, and Sucy. The result of a
reconnaissance made in the direction of Joinville showed that the
bridge at that place was barricaded and that the further bank
was occupied by infiEuitry.^

The ILid Bavarian Corps, which commenced to cross the Seine
at 9.30 a.m. by the bridge which it had thrown at Corbeil,
reached Villemoisson, St. Michel, and Brdtigny, with the 3rd
In£Euitry Division. § The Lancer Brigade had not been able to find
a ford near Ris, which had been assigned to it as the point for
crossing ; it had in consequence returned to Corbeil, crossed the
river at that point after the 3rd Infantry Division, and subse-
quently marched up-stream to Ris, sending patrols as far as Long-
jumeau. Other detachments of this brigade, which endeavoured

* The 2nd heavy battery had ako taken np a position to the north-east of Limeil,
bat its fire was comparatiTely hannless in conseqaence of the long range.

t The loss of the French in the action at Mont Mesly was stated to be only 45
men killed and woonded. With regard to the German losses, see Appendix LXI.

X The bridge was destroyed near the left bank, which droomstance could not be
pereeived from the right baiUc

§ On the railway from Paris to Orleans.

to establish connexion on the right bank of the Seine with the
2nd Cavahy Division, had been fired upon from the left side of
the river by franctireiirs ; one shot, however, from the horse
artillery battery sufficed to disperse the latter. The rest of the
Ilnd Bavarian Corps remained this day at CorbeiL

The advanced guard of the 4th Cavalry Division* when
moving towards Fontainebleau found the bridges over the Seine at
Samoreau and Fontaine le Port destroyed. It therefore bent
away further northward to Sivry, in order subsequently to make
use of the passage at Melun, whither on the previous day a divi-
sion of the 2nd Body Guard Hussars had proceeded in advance
for the purpose of establishing connexion with the Bavarians.
When this latter party of cavalry sought to join its Division on
the 17th by the left bank of the Seine it was captured by the
inhabitants and frtmctireurs.

On the 18th September the 2nd Cavalry Division moved to
Saday; its advanced guard threw out outposts from Villera^s
between Jouy and Orsigny. At Antony and Petit Bicetre tlie
Prussian Hussars met with detachments of hostile cavalry,
and at Sceaux and its vicinity with some bodies of infantry.
A party of cavalry despatched towards Versailles found the
gates barred and the town occupied by National Guards, who
refused to surrender except to a larger force. 1st Lieutenant
v. Reitzenstein with a patrol of the Gth Hussars dispersed
a company of National Guards while in tlie act of assembling
at Chevreuset and captured a convoy of provisions intended for
Paris.

The Vth Army Corps finished this day its passage of the Seine
at Villeneuve St Georges and resumed its march to the west-
ward. The 18th Bri^uie leading the advance of the Corps
reached Palaiseau at noon, with its advanced guard in the
neighbourhood of BiSvre.

^e intelligence of the movement of the Germans upon Versailles
had in the meantime occasioned a corresponding movement
to the right of the French troops. The 14th Corps had deployed
with Caussade's Division between Trivaux farm and Clamart
along the south border of the Bois de Meudon, and posted Hugues'
Division at the ChatiUon Redoubt. Maussion's Division was still
at Bagncux ; Maud'huy's Division of the 13th Coq^s had been
drawTi forward from tJie Vincennes plateau to the left bank of
the Seine at Villejuif On the right flank of the 14th Cori).s
the Zouave Regiment de marche occupied Meudon, with advanced
detachments at Gi'ange Dame Rose and Trivaux Farm ; in
advance of this Coqis tlie 15 th Regiment de onarclve had
by order of General Duci-ot arranged itself for defence in the
village of Plessis, and half a rifle battalion in the mill of the
same name. The advanced parties of Bemis' Cavalry Brigade,
reconnoitring in the direction of Verrieres, came across in the

• Of this DiTision only the 10th Brigade had arrived, see Part II., p. 14.
t It« four officer! were taken prisoners.

neighbourhood south of Petit Bicfitre some Prussian dragoons
and a piquet of the 47th Begiment thrown forward beyond
Abbaye aux Bois,* before whose fire the French cavahry retired
to Chfttillon.

The piquet in question met during its further movement to Petit
Biofitre some advanced troops of Caussade's Division, which had
established themselves firmly in this farm and in the Bois de la
Garenne. But when Colonel v. Flotow deployed both the
musketeer battalions of the regiment against these places, and
caused the fusilier battalion to take part further on the left, the
French retired to Orange Dame Rose, whither they were followed
by the 2nd battalion, by way of Porte Verrieres, and by the fusiliers
through Yillacoublay. The 8th and 12th companies, under a
heavy fire from the enemy, scaled shortly after 2 o'clock the
high boundary wall of Dame Rose and gained possession of the
fieom buildings, where some 60 Zouaves fell into their hands.
Other detachments of the regiment advanced from Petit Bicfitre
in the direction of Trivaux farm, and drove out the French troops
fit)m that place as well Both localities were, however, evacuated
later on by the 47th, as a formidable attacking column, supported
by artillery, broke forward from the Bois de Meudon, in which,
from intelligence meanwhile received, far superior forces of the
enemy were present.

As the latter did not follow up the withdrawal of the Prussians,
there was no frurther action at this place during the day. The 1st
battalion 47th Regiment took up a position for defence at Petit
Bicfitre, occupied die Bois du Loup Pendu, and extended its line
of outposts to the westward as far as Yillacoublay. The re-
mainder of the advanced guard occupied quarters at Malabry
and Abbaye aux Bois in readiness to turn out ; the main body of
the 18th Brigade was at Bi&vre and Igny.

Of the detachment of the 4th Dragoons employed for covering
the left fiank, five men under Lieutenant v. Wienskowski had been
sent to Vdlizy. This patrol, in spite of the fire directed upon it,
rode into the place, dispersed a detachment of about 30 infimtir,
and captured a wagon-pai*k proceeding from Plessis Piquet to
Vdlizy.

On the right of the 18th Brigade, the 17th had marched to
Massy and Verri^es. Its outposts, placed between the wood of
that name and Antony, skirmished without cessation during the
night with the enemy's advanced troops. Further souUi at
Palaiseau stood the 10th Division with the corps artillery.

Alongside the Yth Army Corps the Ilnd Bavarian had also
advanced into the foremost line. The 3rd Infantry Division and
the Lancer Brigade had reached Longjumeau ; the 5th Infantry
Brigade, two batteries, and two regiments of Chevauxlegers were
pudbed forward from thence to the neighbourhood of Massy and
Wissous. Patrols fit>m the advanced troops posted between Croix

* This legiment with half a sqaadron from the 4th DragoouB and the 1st light
battery formed die adyanced goard of the 18th Brigade.

de Bemis and La Belle Epine, belonging to the last-mentioned
brigade, met with some hostile detachments engaged in throwing
up entrenchments at Fontenay aux Roses. More parties of
French infismtry were seen near Bourg la Beine, as well as
between L'Hay and the Hautes Bruyeres redoubt ; firom the fire
of the latter uie Bavarian patrols sustained some loss. The 4th
Bavarian Division was at Montlhery and Saulz les Chartreux,
the artillery reserve at BaUainvilliers ; firom the former place a
detachment of the 8th InfiEuitry Brigade was pushed forward
along the Orleans road as £ar as Arpajon.

The Vlth Army Corps had occupied the line of outposts
between the Seine and Mame with the 24th In&ntry Brigade,
which had assembled at Limeil by noon ;* the 23rd Brigade
crossed in the afternoon the former river in rear of the Vth Army
Ciorps at Yilleneuve St. Georges, and pushed forward its outposts
as &r as Yilleneuve le Boi. The latter came in contact with the
enemy posted fiirther north at Thiais and Choisy le Roi. In the
evening, with the aid of the pontoon train of the Ylth Corps, a
second bridge was constructed 300 paces below Yilleneuve St.
Georges. The 21st Brigade reached Boissy St. Leger, the corps
artillery Montgeron, the 22nd Brigade, reinforced by a squadron
and a battery, Sucy. The 3rd battalion 38th Regiment occupied
Champigny and YiUiers, for the purpose of keeping a watdi in
the direction of Joinville until the arrival of the Wiirttemberg
Division ; patrols firom this battalion were vigorously fired upon
firom the right bank of the Mame at several places. The head-
quarters of the Ylth Army Corps were at Yilleneuve St. Georges.

On the left flank of the Ilird Army the 10th Cavalry Brigade
had crossed the Seine at Melun and pushed forward the 2nd
Body-guard Hussars, as advanced guard, through Perthes
towards Courances. A flanking patrol on the right came into
collision with some firanctireurs and armed peasants, who received
the Prussian hussars with fii^, but withdrew to Dannemois on
the advance of the 4th squadron, and established themselves in
the houses of this village, firom which they were, however, driven
by a few rounds of sheU fix>m the horse artillery battery which
had meanwhile come up.

As very similar proceedings took place at Le Buisseau, the
whole neighbourhood appeared to be fiill of fi:anctireurs, and
as according to the statement of some prisoners a volunteer corps
of 1,200 men, commanded by otlicera of the line, had entered
Milly, the Prussian cavalry retired to GUy.

The headquarters of tlie Ilird Army had been transferred ou
the 18th September to St. Germain les Corbeil.

* The outposts of the Vth Corps had been already relieved daring the morning bv
the 22110 Regiment.

Enoageuents at Petit BioiTRE and ChItillok.

(19th Septembeb.)

The general commanding the Yth Anny Corps had made the BngBgements

followmcr arranfifements for Uie 19th September : the 10th Division between
was to IdYBJ^ at 6 a.m. from Palaiieau through Jouy, and an ^^"^^^
hour later the 9th through Bievre and L'Hdtel Dieu, to Versailles. Meudon.
The previous advanced guard of the latter, in accordance with the
instructions of the commander of the Division, waa to move in a
parallel direction on the rights but before it could commence its
march it became involved in an action.

The 47th Regiment, as already mentioned, had in the afternoon
of the 18th come into collision on the YiUaooublay plateau with
parts of the 14th French Corpsf, and stood fiEicing them at Petit
BicStre and in the woods soutii of this fiannstead. Consider*
able noise, betokening the movement of troops on the enemy^s
side, was remarked hy the Prussian outposts during the night.
The foe at the same time maintained in his foremost line a
brisk skirmishing fire; from Plessis Piquet he also undertook
some brief isolated attacks. At early dawn considerable forces,
the strength of which could not be determined in the dense
morning mist, approached the Prussian position from the north.

General Ducrot had resolved to make a sudden attack on the
morning of the 19th from the Ch&tillon plateau upon the right
flank of the German troops marching along the road from Yille-
neuve to Versailles. For this purpose he had ordered Caussade's
Division to advance from the Bois de Meudon towards Villacoublay,
Hugues' Division through Pav6 Blanc to Petit BicStre, the cavaliy
and artillery reserve of of the 14th Corps in the interval between
the two Divisions. For protecting their own right fiank the
Zouave regiment was brought forward from Meudon to Dame
Bose. Maussion's Division remaining at Bagneux received orders
to despatch the 26th B«giment de rrux/rche to the redoubt at
Moulin de la Tour, which was equipped with eight 12-pr. guns ;*
four other heavy guns were to be placed near the telegraph
'fruther to the south behind rapidly formed cover.

The French attacking columns met the advanced troops of the
18th Brigade about 6.45 a.m., and at once brought their batteries
vigorously into action from Porte de Tri vaux against Petit Bicfitre
and Verrieres wood. A squadron of Prussian hussars trotting
forward through Villacoublayt found itself shortly compelled to
beat a retreat in consequence of a heavy infantry fire.

Having received timely information of the adversary's approach
through reports fi^m the outposts, the 47th Regiment at its
various places of bivouac had hastened to arms at the whiz of the
first shelL To support the 1st battalion standing at Petit BicStre,

* Shown on plan 13 as the *< Redonte de ChAtillon."

t — ~ despatched from the Snd CaTalrr Diyision to reconnoitre in this

l8t Hussars

dixaetion.

Major-Oeneral v. Voigts-Blietz, in command of the right flank
detachment, caused the 2nd to advance towards the high road
west of the &rm, whilst the fusilier battalion made r^y to
take part in the engagement from Malabray, and the cavalry*
present guarded the flank in the neighbourhood of Yillaooublay.
The Ist light battery came into action on the hill side to the
west of Petit Bic£tre> but in the unequal struggle against a more
than threefold superiority of French artillery, and also from the
infantry fire, suffered such heavy losses that thi*ee of its guns
were rapidly put out of action. Meanwhile the commander of
the Division, Major-Oeneral v. Sandrart, hearing the roar of the
artillery, had despatched the 2nd light battery to Petit Bicetre,
which subsequently advanced into the fighting line under a very
hot fire from the enemy's shells and musketiy, and by so doing
enabled the other battery to retire for a short time in order to
repair its damages.

On the right wing of the French an infantry column had
under cover of the artillery fire reached the Bois de la Qarenne at
7 a.m. by way of Porte de Trivaux, but after a brief struggle had
been dislodged from that place by the 2nd battalion 47th Regi-
ment. A detachment despatched further on the left by way of
Pav^ Blanc had, in spite of a withering fire from the 3rd company
of that regiment, pressed forward with strong bodies of skir-
mishers past the east side of Petit Bicetre into the Yerrieres
wood. Being vigorously supported by the fusilier battalion,
the enemy's progress was checked, but the high road and the
buildings of Petit BicStre, which had been meanwhile set on fire
by the French artillery and abandoned in consequence by the
47th, could not for the present be reached by the Prussian troops.
The 3rd company, with which Lieutenant v. Treskow had
ensconced himself in the nearest road ditches in fix)nt of the east
side of the farm buildings, was alone able to continue the
struggle, although momentarily in danger of being surrounded by
the enemy's superior force, until the arrival of Bavarian troops
gave a favourable turn to the state of the engagement.

According to the arrangements made for the 19th September by
the headquarters of the Ilnd Bavarian Corps, the battalions of the
Gth Infantry Brigade with the 5th Chevauxlegers and two batteries
were to advance frx)m Lonorjumeau by way of Bievre to Petit
Bicetre, the other parts of the 3rd Division from Wissous through
Pont d' Antony to the Sceaux heights, and afterwards to throw
out outposts towards Paris. The 4th Division and the Lancer
Brigade had received instructions to take up a position at Pont
d* Antony and Fresnes les Rungis.

When the left wing column of the 3rd Division reached the
neighbourhood of Igny at 7 a.m., it there crossed the detachments
of the Vth Army Corps on the march from Massy to Mont Clain.t

* One and a half squadrons 4th Dragoons and the :^ just mentioned.

t Battalions of the 17th Brigade.

The roar of artillery resounded vigorously firom the northward.
On receiving information with regard to the present state of
affiurs from a Prussian officer despatched from the battle field,
Colonel V. Diehl^ ordered his troops to take part at once in the
struggle as they arrived at Abbaye aux Bois.

The 3rd Rifle battalion, leading the advance, was the first to
reach the abbey. Lieutenant-Colonel v. Horn left the 1st com-
pany there in reserve, pushed the 4th into the Bois du Loup
Pendu, and moved with the two others into the northern part of
the Bois de Yerrik^. Jointly with the Prussian detachments
there engaged the Bavarian riflemen dashed with a ringing cheer
upon the enemy, who was overthrown at the first ruiSi, and
pressed back beyond the high road as fJEir as Pav4 Blanc, where
considerable forces were ready to aflbrd him support. Following at
the heels of the retreating foe Captain Beuss came up with the 8th
6-pr. battery through the smoking ruins of Petit Bic^tre to within
600 paces of Pav6 Blanc, the 3rd 4-pr. plajring already an eflective
part on the right front of the two Prussian batteries. Of the
other Bavarian troops which came up graduaUy through Bidvre,
the 1st battahon 14th Regiment occupied the northern edge of
the Bois de Yerri^res between Malabry and Petit Bic^tre, the
2nd this latter farm, near which the two battalions of the loth
Regiment also took post. The 5th Chevauzlegers halted at
Abbaye aux Boia The right wing of the 47th Regiment, which
had expended nearly the whole of its ammunition in the vigor-
ous struggle, was withdrawn to Yillacoublay after the successes
just gained ; only two companies remained temporarily at Petit
BicStre.

The Prussian battaliont which had come into action at the
Bois de Garenne had meanwhile been likewise reinforced.
General v. Sandrart had pushed forward the 7th Grenadiers, the
5th Rifle battalion, 2 squadrons of dragoons, and the two heavy
batteries of the 9th Diviedon, from Mont Clain towards Yillar
coublay, where the latter took up a position on either side of
the farm, whilst the grenadiers extended themselves as far as
the western part of the Bois de Meudon. To aflbrd additional
support the 17th Infiantry Brigade was at Mont Clain.

Before these fresh troops had advanced into the foremost
fighting line, the enemy undertook a fresh advance at 8.30 a.nL
Behind his artillery line to the south of Trivaux feum, now num-
bering some 50 guns, the 19th Regiment de marche of Hugues'
Division advanced past the Pav^ Blanc brick-kihi towards the
Bois de Yerridres, but it was received with so eflective a Are by
the Bavarians that the attack shortly came to a standstill. On
the French right wing the 17th and 18th Regiments de marche

* Colonel V. DieU was in oommand of the 6th BaTarian Brigade, consisting at the

time of only fiyrt battalions, in place of Colonel r. WisselJ, irho was sick. The—

was still at ChAlons.

. nnd.

^ 47

of Oauasard's Division had deployed to the south of the Bout de
Meudon, whilst the 16th remained in reserve at the issue
of the Inroad park avenue. The two first-named regiments were
over-whehned with so hot a shower of bullets during their
advance towards the Bois de la Qarenne, and moreover so
seriously threatened on the right flank, that the personal influence
of Qen^ral Ducrot was insufficient to bring the young soldiers to
the front. The Zouaves assembled at Trivaux fturm were thrown
into disorder by some shells bursting in their midst, and fled
wildly in the direction of Paris.

G^eral Ducrot seeing that his enterprise had fiailed at all
points now ordered a retreat to the original positions, the
protection of which was assigned chiefly to the artillery and
to the escorting cavalry which held out under fire most steadily.
The 15 th Segment de morc^ was ordered to hold Plessis Kquet
to the last ; Pav^ Blanc and Trivaux fiEum were left temporarily
occupied, whilst the mass of the two Divisions of French infiftntry
streamed back in disorder to Clamart and Fontenay aux Roses.

The Prussian and Bavarian batteries* had meanwhile taken
up a position between Petit Bic^tre and the Bois de la Qarenne
and cannonaded the retreating foe, at whose heels the Qerman
in&ntiy followed.

On the right the Bavarians forced their way under the
adversary's heavy artillery fire into the Pave Blanc brick-kiln,
the 1st and 4th cos. of the 15th Regiment inserting themselves
in the foremost fighting Line between the battalions of the 14th.
The French detachment left at the brick-kiln fled with consider-
able loss to the strongly-occupied park belonging to the Ch&teau
of Plessis Piquet, in the neighbourhood of which the pursuitt
came to a standstill. At 10 am. the enemy, after a preliminary
fire firom his mitraiUeuses, made an advance thence towards Pav^
Blanc, which was, however, repulsed by a vigorous fire irom the
1st battalion 14th Regiment in conjunction with the 8th 6-pr.

battery.

As the presence of the adversary in this park and in the
village of the same name appeared to threaten the right flank of
the Bavarian Brigade, Colonel v. Diehl wheeling his troops to the
right now showed front against these places. The two battalions
of the 15th Regiment took up a position at Malabry, the 2n(l
battalion with the 2nd company 14th Regiment in the brick>
kiln and the copse abutting on the south, the remaining three
companies of the latter regiment and two squadrons of Chevaux-
legers between those two main groups on the high road to
Versailles. The 3rd Rifie battalion assembled at Petit Bicdtre.;

On the left wing of the Qerman line of battle two companies
of the 2nd battalion 47th Regiment, and the Bavarian rifle com-

* Two of the 6th BaTarian and three of the 18th Prnssian Brigade, the Ist heavy
having advanced ftom Yillacoublaj on the left flank of this artillery line.

t ^°^ and^-gg.
' drd Rifles 14

X Compare the plan of the battle, Ist phase.

pany which had been originally employed to occupy the Bois du
Loup Pendu, had followed up the retreating foe as fiar as the
forester's house near the Porte de Yerridres. The 1st battalion of
the 7th Grenadiers captured after a brief skirmish the quad-
rangular wood east of Dame Rose and with the 3rd company
occupied Trivaux farm, which had been abandoned by the
French in consequence of the efFective fire of the artillery. The
fusilier battalion of this regiment moved at first in a northerly
direction.to Villebon fSeurm, and then in conjunction with parts of
the 1st battalion into the Bois de Meudon, where on the broad
main road many Zouaves laid down their arms. The fusilier
battalion took up a position on this road facing Meudon, whilst
the 2nd and 4th companies continued their movement eastward.
The remainder of the 7th Grenadiers, the 2nd battalion 47th
BiCgiment, and the 5th Rifle battalion assembled at the southern
entrance to the wood near Trivaux &rm. Further in rear stood
six companies of the 47th Regiment at Yillaooublay, whither
the 17th InfSEUitry Brigade was Ukewise brought up from Mont
Clain. The 10th InfSEUitry Division, on the march from Palaiseau
to Versailles, had by order of the general commanding also bent
away to the western side of the battle*field. General v. Kirch-
bach had reached the neighbourhood of Yillacoublay in person at
9 a.m. with the corps artillery, which had trotted in advance, and
at once ordered the Gennan line of guns to be reinforced, which
at this time was actively engaged in tiie ground between Trivaux
fiEum and Pav6 Blanc In front line there were now nine bat-
teries in action^* the right flank of which was protected by the
greater part of the 4th Dragoons, the previously mentioned
squadron of hussars of the 2nd Cavalry Division, and two
squadrons of the 5th Chevauxlegers.

After all the French troops had disappeared behind the Moulin
de la Toiur redoubt and the village of Flessis Piquet, the field bat-
teries of the Germans continued single-handed the struggle against
the enemy's heavy artillery in that entrenchment. As under
the existing circumstances the Bavarians did not appear to stand
in need of any further support in occupjring their prescribed out-
post position at Chatenay, (General v. Earchbach resumed his
movement to Versailles with the Yth Army Corps about noon ;
he, however, at the request of Colonel v. Diehl left for the
present at Yillacoublay the 18th In£Euitry Brigade with two
squadrons and two batteries.

The adversary's last points of support, without which he could
not hold the open ground outside the Paris forts in this direc-
tion, were the works on the heights south of Ch&tillon and the
very defensible buildings at Plessis Piquet At the latter place

* ConntinR from left to >;gK..2n<iH.A., 3rd 1., let h., 8rd H.A.,2ndh.,2ndl., Irtl.

Vth A. C. *

8th 6 pr., 3rd 4 pr.
4th Bayarian Artmery Regiment- '"'^ '^°*^°^ ^'^ **'^ h^tUoA^ of the oorpe
artiUec7» Vth Army Corpt, were somewhat fortber to the rear. See phm of bottle, Itt
phiM.

was, as already mentioned, the 15th, at the Moulin de la Tour

redoubt the 26th Regiment de mardie, which had been brought

up firom Bagneux. Three field batteries, mitrailleuses and the

remains of two batteries of horse artillery had unlimbered partly

upon the glacis, partly behind breastworks to the right of the

fort. Six other batteries took up a position on the spur of

the hill in the neighbourhood of the telegraph. In view of this

numerous artillery, which commanded the eastern spurs of the

Villacoublay plateau, any isolated attack on the part of the

Qermans across ground offering but little cover promised alight

hope of a favourable result.

Ciqytiire of At this period, however, the main forces of the Ilnd Bavarian

PiMis Piquet, Corpg advancing to the east of the Bois de Verri&res in the direc-

S^the^MoiSn" ^^on of Soeaux had already come into collision with the enemy.

de ]a Tour Towards 8 a.m. the 5th Infiantry Brigade had fonned up to the

redoubt. south-east of Chatenay, the 8th Rifle battalion having previously

cleared this village of French skirmishers. Shortly afterwards,
the 4th Division with the reserve artillery also reached the
neighbourhood between Antony and Croix de Bemis. In order
to capture the commanding heights south of Paris with the least
possible delay, the corps commander, General v. Hartmann, who
was present at Chatenay, ordered towards 9 o'clock a fiuiher
advance of the 7th Brigade through Fontenay aux Roses, the
5th by way of Sceaux. The last-mentioned little town was
occupied without resistance by the 3rd battalion 6th Regiment,
alreaidy despatched in that direction.

A detachment, consisting of the 1st battalion 5th Regiment
and the squadron of Chevauxlegers, scouting in advance of the
7th Brigade, found L'Hay dear of the enemy, but afterwards met
near Fontenay considerable forces belonging to Maussion's Division,
which at once opened fire on the Bavarians. The heavy guns in
the Hautes Bruyferes redoubt also took part in the engagement,
and even commenced to take as their mark the Lancer Brigade
now appearing at Fresnes les Rungis.

The 5th Brigade on emerging from Chatenay had fisJlen under
a brisk fire from the artillery and musketry of the enemy,
who lined the edge of the heights at Plessis Moulin and the
wooded slopes l3mig towards the side of Aunay. In consequence
of this the batteries of the brigade,* and shortly after the 7th
6-pr. battery of the artillery reserve, had taken up a position to
the west of Chatenay, whilst the 1st battalion 6th Regiment
received orders to fsdl upon the adversary's flank by way of

Malabry.f

Just as these arrangements had been completed Oeneral v.
Hartmann received at 9.45 a.m. a report firom Colonel v. Diehl,j:

* 4th 4-pr. and 7th 6-pr. batteries 4th Artillery Regiment.

t One company remained vith the batteries, —i^ acted as escort to the reserre

artillery and the ammnnition columns.

X The report had been sent from the neighbourhood of Petit Bicdtre at half-past

8 o'clock, but was forwarded by way of Igny and Verri^res, as the road throogh

MsJabry was within range of fire from the battle-field.

from which he gathered that the (ith Brigade was ahready in
possession of the edge of the heights near Petit Bicetre, but that it
was in need of reinforcements of artillery, and of support from the
eastward. The general commanding despatched in consequence
the 5th and 6th 6-pr. batteries of the artillery reserve fi^m
Antony to Petit Bio^tre ; he ftirther ordered the 5th Brigade to
connect itself frx)m Chatenay with the 6th on the left, and gave
instructions for the 7th Brigade to assemble at Bourg la Keine
and maintain its position there.

Accordingly the two battalions of the 7th Regiment now fol-
lowed the battalion of the 6th which had proceeded in advance
to Malabry, and also the 4th 4-pr. battery, as it was unable from
its low-lying position near La Gkrenne* to act effectively against
the French artillery at Plessis Moulin. As soon as these troops
emerged from the cover of the wood into the ground near
Malabry they were overwhelmed with a hail of Chassepdt bullets
from the northward. But when Lieutenant-General v. Walther
had assembled the main forces of his Division between Pav£
Blanc and Malabry, he ordered a general attack upon Plessis
Piquet, to which tiie Prussian Brigade left behind at Villa-
coublay could if necessary serve as a point to &11 back upon.

To ihe north of Malabry, in spite of the musketry fire directed
upon it at close quarters, the 4th 4-pr. battery came into action
under the protection of some small bodies of in£Euitry, which
took up a position in the ditches of the roidway leading to
Plessis Moulin. On the extreme left wing at Pav^ Blanc the
3rd 4-pr. battery, escorted by the 3rd and 4th squadrons 5th
Chevauxlegers, advanced to within 1,000 paces of the park at
FlessLB Piquet, whilst the 5th 6-pr. came into action between
these two batteries. The other two squadrons of the same
regiment of Chevauxlegers, which had been joined in person by
Pnnce Otto of Bavaria^f drove the swarms of French skirmishers-
from a fold of the ground in fix>nt of the artillery line to Plessis
Piquet. Two guns from the 7th 6-pr. battery left to the west of
Chatenay also supported with an effective flanking fire the
attack of the infimtry, which was made in echelon fix)m the right

wing.t

In rear of the 4th 4-pr. battery the three battalions of the 5th
Brigade next broke forward Scorn the Bois de Yerridres. The
1st battalion 6th Regiment after a short but vigorous action
captured towards noon the farmstead of Plessis Moulin ; at some
little distance on the left, somewhat mixed together, followed the
remaining battalions present of the two brigades.§ Under a

* West of ChateDaj. Not to be confounded with the prerionslj mentioned ftrm
of the Bune nune north-west of Petit Biofttre.

j The prince had been present with this legiment in the capacity of hononiy
chief since the beginning of September.

X The 8th 6-pr. battery had been withdrawn as it had expended its nmmnnitiop ;
the 6th 6-pr. was nnable to find a fiivoorable position at L'Onne Mort and retired in
conaeqnenoe to Chatenay; west of this Tillage stood the 7th 6-pr. battery of the
artillery reserve.

§ See plan of battle, 2nd phase.

39515. D

hot musketi^'- fire from the adversary Colonel v. Treuberg
brought up the 1st battalion loth and the 2nd company 14th
Regiment by rushes to witliin 300 paces of the south-west angle
of the park at Plessis Piquet, whilst the 2nd battalion of the
latter regiment ensconced itself before the west aide. Two
squadrons of Chevauxlegers protected the left flank towards the
Bois de Meudon.

As the adversary's strength began visibly to wane after
the vigorous action lasting half an hour, the Bavarians made a
fresh advance along the whole line. The 1st battalion 6th B.egi-
ment, under the guidance of Colonel Hofler, gained possession
of the Chateaux Kouge and Hachette, and from the northern
border of the plantations threatened the enemy's main position
on the telegraph heights. Fart of the south wall enclosing
the park at Plessis Piquet had been destroyed by the pro-
jectiles of the Bavarian artiller3^ Through this breiach, which
was widened by the pioneei-s, and also over a barricade across
the road, the companies of the 7th and loth B^giments in the
centre of the fighting line reached the above-named park. The
detadmients which had moved further on the left being unable
to find an entrance at the south-west comer, made their way
towards the west side of the village, and driving the enemy
before them penetrated into it along the main street. Although
the French artillery in the i*edoubt and upon the heights of Moulin
de la Tour at once dii*ected a brisk fire upon the villages
captured by the Bavarians and upon the open plateau in fix)nt, the
advance was resumed without further delia*y. The 2nd battalion
and the 2nd company 14th Eegiment traversed the copses and
gardens on the slope north of Plessis Piquet ; on the right they
were joined by two companies of the 15th Regiment, whilst on
the left the 3rd 4-pr. battery, escorted by the two last-mentioned
squadrons, advanced as far as Porte de ChatiUon. In spite of a
haU of musketry and artillery projectiles Captain v. Lossl took up
the cannonade against the far superior enemy, and succeeded ere
long in dislodging the French mitrailleuses from the cemetery near
the redoubt. But the Bavarian battery also suffered such severe
losses in so short a time that it had to be withdrawn at 1.15 pan.
some 1,000 paces to the rear. It, however, again took a vigorous
and successful part in the engagement of ^e infantry, at this
time advanced beyond Plessis Piquet, which troops had been
partly thrown back upon this village by a counter attack of the
enemy, but were afterwards again led forward by Captain v.
Imhoff, and now were ensconced opposite the Moxdin de la Tour
redoubt.* The other troops by order of General v. Walther
occupied and strengthened the position captured at Plessis Piquet.t

* One gun of the 8rd 4-pr. battery had lost all its gnnnert and was now sexred by
the gun commander alone. Captain t. Ldssl was mortally hit in the last-mentioned
position of the battery.

f An order from we corps conmiander to the 8rd Dirision to halt abreast of
Plessis Moulin and to strengthen its position there, did not reach Qeuaial t. Walther
until after the capture of Plessis Piquet.

On the French side Caussade's Division, had ah-eady moved off
firom Clamart to Paris during the artillery engagement which
preceded the attack on Plessis Piquet. Hugues' Division, which
was reached by the fire of the Bavarian artiQery, had partly
retired to Fort Montrouge ; after being halted by its commander,
it once more occupied Fontenay aux Boses with one battalion.
Lastly Maussion's Division had during the forenoon directed a
vigorous fire upon the Bavarian troops advancing from Antony,*
but then, it is said in consequence of an erroneous order,
abandoned its commanding position on the spur south of Bag-
neux. Opposite the latter stood at this time the 7th Bavarian
Brigade in the low groimd between Sceaux and Bourg la Reine
and with two companies in L'Hay ; fruther to the rear was the
8th Brigade with the bulk of the artillery reserve at Chatenay.

When Oeneral Ducrot found his last position on the heights
at Fontenay and Moulin de la Tour threatened from the south
and west after the loss of Plessis Piquet, he ordered it to be
gradually abandoned. The French artillery continued to fire
vigorously up to the third hour of the afternoon in order to cover
the retreat, but the firing was then gradually stopped, and at the
same time the detachments of infimtry pushed furthest to the front
retired firom their posts. On perceiving tins, Captain v. Imhoff
with the Bavarian companies united under his command made a
dash about 3 o'clock towards the Moulin de la Tour redoubt, which
he found already abandoned by the enemy. Eight heavy guns,
one field gun lefl near the redoubt, two flags, numerous articles of
equipment and provisions, feU into the hands of the Bavarians.
The adversary in his retreat to Paris was followed up with
musketry fire;t patrols which were sent after him foimd the
farmsteads behind the redoubt, as well as the villages of Clamart
and Chatillon, abandoned by the French.

The 3rd Bavarian Division, which had been meanwhile joined
by the battalions]: employed to garrison in the first instance
Chatenay and Sceaux, now took up a position with the Cth
Brigade and five batteries on the heights to the south of Moulin
de la Tour. Two companies of the 3rd Bifie battalion in con-
junction with the 2nd battalion 14th Regiment and aided by the
pioneers arranged the redoubt for defence ; another rifle company
was pushed forward to Chatillon.§ The 8th Rifle battalion with
a battery stood near Tour des Anglais, with outposts towards
Clamart. The 3rd battalion 6th Regiment in conjunction with
the 5th Chevauxlegers and a battery at Porte Ch&tiUon pro-
tected the left flank of the Division towards the Bois de Meudon,
in which the chateau of the same name was still occupied by the

* See Part n. p. 48.

t The enemy was obliged to leare the ffons behind as there were no longer any
teams there. Only two gnns had been spuked prior to abandoning the fbrt

t 8th Bifles and ^4. See Part IL p. 48.

§ It there captured seyenl ammunition wagons and some stoiw of proTisiont.

D 2

enemy. The rest of the 5th Brigade encamped at Flessis Piquet
and Malabry.

Of the brigades of the 4th Division, the 7th had concentrated
at Bourg la Beine and after the withdrawal of the enemy had
extended its left flank as far as Fontenay aux Roses. The 8th
Brigade had remained with the bidk of the artillery reserve in
a position of readiness near Chatenay, in which village the
corps commander took up his headquarters. The Lkncer Brigade
bivouacked at Fresnes les Rungis.

The total loss of the Ilnd Bavarian Corps in the actions on the
19th September amounted to 13 officers and 252 men, that of
the Vth Army Corps to 6 officers and 172 men.* On the French
side 4 officei*s and 94 men were kiUed, 28 officers and 535 men
wounded ; the number of missing, &s was said, only amounted
to 62.t

The crowds of fugitives streaming back to Paris had as early slu
midday caused such commotion in the capital that General Trochu
found himself compelled to bring back Blanchard's Division of
the 13th Corps from Vincennes to Paris, and to occupy with it
at 4 p.m. that part of the enceinte between the Seine and Bifevre.
The forts on the south front and Hautes Bruyeres redoubt main-
tained a vigorous cross fire on the ground in front.

During the actions just described the remaining parts of the
Ilird Army had moved into the positions assigned to them for
the 19th September.

The 2nd Cavalry Division had in the morning pushed forward
the 4th Brigade from Saday to L'Hotel Dieu ; it established con-
nexion with the Vth Army Corps by way of Villacoublay, and
reconnoitred the country in the direction of the Lower Seine.
The 1st squadron 1st Hussars disarmed and dispersed some
troops of the Oarde Nationale whom they found at tiie entrances
to Versailles, Montreuil, and Ville d'Avray. At Sevres they were
resisted by armed inhabitants, who, however, were put down
without farther losses with the aid of the 4th squadron of the
Bliicher Hussars. In the course of the afternoon the detachments
which had been sent away rejoined the Division at its bivouac
at Saday.

The Vth Army Corps, as already mentioned, had proceeded
about noon from the battle-field of Petit BicStre to Versailles,
by way of Jouy, as the nearer road by L'Hotel Dieu was broken
up at many points and obstructed with abattis. The 10th
Division appeared before the gates of Versailles at 3 p.m.,
traversed the town without further delay, and established itself
to the north of it in the neighbourhood of Rocquencourt. The
line of outposts rested its left at Bougival on the Seine, its right

* See ali^o Appendix LXI.

t According- to General Ducrot's Tvork : bat on this day 300 prisoners were actually
taken by the Vth and Ilnd Bavarian Corps.

on the 9th Division, which occupied Maxnes, Yille d'Avray, and
Sevres with strong advanced parties, and was encamped with its
main body before the eastern issue firom Versailles. At 6 p.nL
the 18th Brigade reached that place firom Villacoublay, and at
S p jn. the bridge train, which was no longer wanted at Ville-
neuve St. Georges.

On the right of the Ilnd Bavarian, the VIUi Army Corps had
formed front towards Paris on both sides of the Seine. The 24th
Brigade, which had remained in the neighbourhood of Limeil
with the two squadrons attached to it and one battery, watched
with its outposts the country in the direction of Charenton and
Vincennes. At Cr^teil there was a slight collision during the
course of the day with the enemy's advanced detachments posted
at St. Maur. The 23rd Brigade, which was already on the left
bank of the Seine at Yilleneuve, and had been meanwhile rein-
forced by the 6th Rifle battalion, two squadrons, and two heavy
batteries, had moved off at 4 a.m. in two columns for Choisy le
Boi and CheviUy. The rifle battalion on arriving at the former
village first pushed forward the 4th company along the road to
Yitry. While the latter succeeded in driving in a French picket
and holding its ground in a manufisustory situated at the nulway
embankment ag^nst the attacks of superior hostile detachments,
two other companies of the rifle battalion pressed forward as &r
as the northern issue from Yitry, whence, however, they were
subsequently withdrawn in consequence of the enemy's troops
assembled near Fort Ivry.

Meanwhile the frisilier battalion 62nd Regiment had occupied
Thiais. The 9th and 11th companies surprised on the further
side of that place a French detachment in the act of cooking, but
found their subsequent advance in the neighbourhood of the
fortifications at Moulin Saquet impeded by the enemy's skirmishers
and field artillery. Of the left wing of the Brigade which
reached Chevilly, the 1st battalion 22nd Regiment took part in
the ensuing skirmish, which was again broken off after the
outposts had been thrown out close in front of the north side of
Choisfy le Roi, Thiais, and Chevilly.

At 3.30 p.m. a strong line of skirmishers from Maud'huy's
Division moved forward from the direction of Hautes Bruy^s
towards La Saussaye and Chevilly, followed by closed bodies.
The left wing of these troops remained halted at a considerable
(listance from the German position, the right advanced to within
a few hundred paces of Chevilly, but was received with a
vigorous fire from the frisiliers of the 22nd Regiment. The
6th light battery moved into position near a factory occupied
by the 2nd battalion of this Regiment at the cross roads east
of the village, the 5th heavy U> the east of La BeUe Epine.
The former drove the enemy from La Saussaye and silenced a
heavy gun at Yillejui^ some houses in the latter village being
set on fire. When the 22nd subsequently moved forward to the
attack, the French retired into their entrenchments. The

advanced troops of the 23rd Brigade thereupon reoccupied the
positions they had previously held and fortified the villages in
front line ; the pioneers formed a ferry at Choisy le Roi in order
to connect the two banks of the Seine. In rear of the 23rd
Brigade the 11th Infantry" Division had occupied a camp at

The Wurttemberg Division had in accordance with the pre-
viously mentioned order from the royal headquarters bent away
about noon frt>m Malnoue to the right in the direction of
Goumay,* where it connected itself with the Xllth Corps by
throwing a bridge across the Mame. * As it had meanwhile
transpired that the Army of the Meuse needed no support, the
1st Wurttemberg Brigade occupied the villages between Ormesson
and Noisy le Grand, in prolongation of the Vlth Corps, and, with
its advanced troops, Le Flont aild the bridge at Joinville. The
2nd Brigade remained in i*eserve at Malnoue, the 3rd followed
from Meaux to Lagny.

The 10th Cavalry Brigade had proceeded by way of Boutigny
to Gironville in consequence of information received from
prisonera that the enem}* s troops would be found on the high
road from Orleans. Its patrols, however, reported the with-
drawal of the enemy from Milly to Malesherbes.

The Crown Prince of Pi-ussia, who had crossed the Seine with the
21st Brigade, and aftei*\s'ards had watclied the engagement of the
Bavarians from the neighbourhood between Croix do Bemis and
Antony, established his headquartei*s at Falaiseau. His Majesty
the King proceeded from Gonesse to Ch&teau Ferriferes, to which
place the royal headquartei's were transferred in the com*se of
the day.

On the evening of the 19th September more than six German
Army Corps were thus standing before Paris on a front of
50 miles in extent, and at places were within range of the
artillery of the fortress. A numerous body of cavalry watched
the country in rear of the line of investment ; very few marches
from the latter, the ti'oops moving up from Sedan reached this
day the neighbourhood between CMteau Thierry and Nangis.t

The first proceedings of the new French Government had
shown that it was bent on prosecuting the war to the bitter end«
In view, however, of the penlous position of the capital a pressing
desire arose to enter into a provisional understanding with the

* See Part II. p. 36.

t The Xlth Corps was at Fismes on the 17th, at Domiaiia on the ISth, and at
Chateau Thieny on the Idth.

The iRt Bavarian Corps was at Orhtdn on the 17th, at Yieils Maisons on the 18th,
and Covlommiers on the 19th.

The 8th Cavalry Brigade was at MontmixBil on the mh^ at St Bemy on the ISth,
and at La Croix en Brie on the 19tb.

The 9th Cavalry Brjffade was at Breoil on the ] 7th, at Yillers les Mailiets on the
18th, and at Joay le CnAtel on the 19th.

victorious adversary. From this point of view, Jules Favre, in his
province of Minister for Foreign Affiurs, had as early as the 10th
September asked the Chancellor of the North German Confedera-
tion if he was willing to discuss the conditions of peace.

On the German side an end to the war was likewise ardently
desired, as its continuation could but entail fresh sacrifices without
producing any much greater successes than those already achieved.
There was, however, at the time no power in France which
appeared capable of concluding any binding treaties.

Long before the outbreak of hostilities different parties in the
country had directed their efforts in common towards the down-
fall of the empire; but their views as to the future form of
government were very divergent. When the Emperor was taken
prisoner the republican party became for the time paramount in
the State, some of the members belonging to the minority of the
representatives constituting themselves the Government with-
out further ceremony. Biased by a revolution these men could,
however, be deposed as quickly as they had been elevated ; but
in no case could they be considered as the real representatives of
the French people. Count Bismarck had therefore answered
the above-mentioned question in the negative.

But when the same wish had been again expressed to the
Count through a secretary of the English Embassy from Paris, and
the former had declared himself ready to enter into negotiations,
Jules Favre, without previous communication with the other
members of the Government, proceeded on the 18th September
through the line of outposts oif tiie Ylth Army Corps to Villeneuve
St. Georges, and on the next day along the road to Meaux. The
Federal Chancellor, who had meanwhile gone from that place to
Ferridres, met the French minister at Montry, and held his first
conference with him at the chdteau of Haute Maison, in the
vicinity of that village. During that evening and on the follow-
ing day the meetings were continued at Ferrieres.

Whilst Count Bismarck left at the outset no doubt that in
consequence of the sacrifices entailed upon Germany and the
successes achieved a surrender of territory must be demanded,
and that the details of a treaty of peace could not be entered
into until this demand was admitted by the adversary as a basis,
Jules Favre declared that France was prepared to pay any money
indemnity, but would absolutely refuse a surrender of territory.

Under these circumstances the subsequent conversation was
limited to the question of the possibility of an armistice, so as to
enable the French people to elect in proper form a representative
government, which would be able so to supplement the full powers
of the present Government, that a treaty of peace in consonance
with international law might be concluded. Every suspension
of hostilities enabled the French, of course, to prepare for fi:esh
resistance and, in the event of the investment being raised^
enabled more especially the capital to provide itself in the fullest

manner with provisions and the means of defence. On the Qennan
side, therefore, an armistice could only be granted in return for
proper indemnifications, which should guarantee in a perfectly
secure manner the supply of our own army in the enemy's
country, and which took account of the military situation existing
at different points.

In pursuance of the commands which he had sought from His
Majesty the King, the Federal Chancellor demanded therefore the
suirender of Bitsch, Toul, and Strassburg, and the delivery as
prisoners of war of the garrison of the latter place, now on the
point of falling into our hands. Before Metz the ndlitaiy situa-
tion was to continue. With regard to the capital, the Frencli
Government had to select between the continuance of the in-
vestment or the surrender of certain commanding forts to the
Qerman troops. In the former eventuality it was in contem-
plation to summon the representatives of the people to Tours.

Jules Favre declared in answer to these communications that
he could neither agi*ee to a surrender of the Paris foits, nor to
the garrison of Strassburg being made prisoners of war, and with
i^gai'd to the other conditions that he must obtain the opinion of
his colleagues. On the 21st September the following -written
communication from the French minister was sent from Paiis to
the Federal Chancellor: —

" I regret that I have to inform Your Excellency
that the Government cannot accept your proposals. It
woidd accede to an armistice for the purpose of electing and
bringing together a National Assembly; but it cannot
subscribe to the conditions which Your Excellency has
attached."

A few days after these unsuccessful negotiations the fortresses
of Toul and Strassburg, whose surrender the French Government
had so decidedly refused, were already in the hands of the
Germans.

Capture of Toul.

Since the resumption of the advance towards Paris, the pos-
session of Toul, which still blocked the railway communication
of the Germans with home territory, received increased import-
ance.

This fortress lies in a low well-watered valley, some 3,000
paces in breadth, between the Rhine-Mame canal and the Moselle,
which here flows in several arms. The fortifications of that time
were limited to nine bastioned fronts surrounding the town, and
to a few outworks immediately in advance of them. The ditches
were all filled with water, and by the aid of a well-devised
system of sluices a part of the low ground in the vicinity could
be inimdated. Although the fortress was in this way perfectly

free from escalade, yet its power of defence against a serious
artillery attack was considerably influenced by the heights which
abutted close upon it, and the insufficiency of bombproof cover.
The Cdte Barine and on the north the Mont St. Michel about
125 metres in height^ the somewhat more remote heights of
Dommartin to the east, and the plateau of Choloy to the south-
west, presented advantageous positions for the assailant's artillery.
The vineclad slopes of the hills favoured the approach of his
infiEuitry, which was moreover afforded opportunity for establishing
itself dose in front of the ramparts by the villages which abutted
on the glacis to the north and west.

The commandant of Toul, Major Huck, had hitherto rejected
every summons to surrender which had been addressed to him,
and had repulsed the repeated assaults of the Germans. He had
at his disposal a garrison of 2,300 men and upwards of 70 fortress
guns.* On the German side there were at the beginning of
September, as already mentioned, some Etappen troops of the lUrd
Army, with two companies of fortress artilleiyt before the place,
the bombardment of which with the guns captured at Marsal
had been already arranged by the headquarters of the Ilird
Army.J

After a considerable time spent in the necessary preparations,
owing to the un£Ekvourable weatiier and the condition of the ground,
three bombardment batteries were thrown up and equipped in
the night of the 9th-10th September on the slope of tiie Cdte
Barine under cover of the infimtry pushed forward as far as the
railway embankment. After a communication of their intention
to the commandant of the fortress these batteries opened a
vigorous fire at 7 a.m., which, however, merely ignited a few
houses in the town, and was answered with no little effect on the
French side. On the following day the artillery of the fortress
resumed firing, but the fire of the Germans was stopped until
further notice by order of the Grand Duke of Meddenburg
Schwerin.

The latter, in pursuance of the previously-mentioned instruc-
tions from the royal headquarters,§ had proceeded with the 17th
Infantry Division, the 17th Cavalry Brigade, and three batteries
of the 2nd Landwehr Division firom the eastern line of invest-
ment before Metz to the neighbourhood of Toul, where these
troops arrived on the 12th and 13th September.) The 34th

* Dep6t of the 63rd Line Bcffiment - - - - . 500 men.

8rd and 4th battalions Garde Mobile, Department of the Meorthe - 1,200 „
Dep6t of the 4th CniraMien - - - - - 120 „
Four batteries of Garde Mobile ..... 410 „
Genedannee and train - - - - 60 „

. 4th and 6th.

' 8

t With regard to the prerions erents before Tool, tee Part I., Vol. I. pp. 301,
349, 488, and YoL II. pp. 161, 192, 462.

§ See Fart IL pp. 11, 83.

II During their short stay be&re Metz they were not engaged, with the exception
of a few on^KMl affiurs. Compare sabseqnent namtiTe.

Brigade took up its quarters on the Choloy plateau, the 33rd on
both banks of the Rhine-Maine canal at Brulev and Grondre-
ville. Strong outpost parties drew neai* to the fortress in the
three sections into which the ground in front is divided ; from
the north they advanced as fSsu* as the railway embankment, the
railway station, and the suburb of St. Mansuy, whilst the enemy
sought by a vigorous fire from the ramparts to prevent them
establishing themselves at the foot of the glacis, but in vain.*
The cavaliy at Ochey protected the investment against any
enterprises on the part of the enemy from the direction of
Langres. The troops hitherto employed before the fortress pro-
ceeded to St. Dizier in order to take over the duties on the line
of communication.

On the basis of a reconnaiBsance already executed on the 12th
September the Grand Duke resolved by a short artillery cannonade
of the south-west front of Toul to hasten the surrender of the
fortress, which until the arrival of the expected Prussian siege
artillery was to be harassed as much as possible by the fire of
the field batteries. In order to obtain further instructions the
Grand Duke proceeded on the 13th to the headquarters of His
Majesty the King at Chateau Thierry.

The heavy battery of the 2nd Landwehr Division maintaine J
on the morning of the loth, from its em])lacements constructed
upon Mont St. Michel on the previous night, an effective fire for
some hours upon the troops assembling in the town, and the
watchposts upon the cathedral tower. Next to this battery
the 6th and 6th heavy batteries of the 17th Division moved
on the following day into the emplacements previously prepai*ed,
from which they acted with success against the artillery of the
fortress which had taken up the struggle.

On the 17th and 18th September three companies of Prussian
fortress artillery with 26 heavy guns arrived at St. Robert by
railway from Nancy.f The guns were at once transported on
carriages to the artillery parks stationed at Choloy and to the
north of Cdte Barine, while the emplacements for them were
prepared with the assistance of the in&ntry at Ecrouves.

In order to distract the enemy's attention from the transport
of the siege material, 42 field guns opened fire upon the fortress
from various sides on the 18th September,! and were only
answered on this occasion by wall pieces.

The commander of the siege artillery, Colonel Bartsch, and the
senior engineer ofiicer, Major Schumann, had meanwhile agreed

* ^^ *°^ ^^^ and i!^ merely snttained a loss of 13 men.
75 76

t and —with 10-16 c. m. and 16-12 c. m. mins with their ammunitiou.

'24 ^

t The field batteries occapied the following positions :—

The reserye heavy battery of the 2nd Landwehr IMvision as well as the 5th and
6th heaTT battery of the 9th Field Artillery Regiment at Mont St. Michel.

The 6th light and 1st H. A. battery of the 9th Regiment to the north of Chandeney,
the 5th light and 8rd H. A. battery 9th F. A. Regiment on the Jacobin height.

upon the direction in which the attack was to be made. In ac-
cordance therewith it had been determined to direct the fire
of the fidege batteries against the front of bastions Nos. 3 and 4,
which were raked from Mont St. Michel, while from La Justice,
at a range of 1,000 paces, a breach could be made in the exposed
masonry on the right side of bastion No. 4. Twelve batteries in
all were to be used on the different heights, and if necessary the
first line of trenches was to be thrown up at a distance of 700
paces from the glacis.

The appearance of bands of franctireurs, spreading fix)m day
to day, gave frdl occupation to the troops of the 2nd Land-
wehr Division in securing the lines of communication of the
army advancing to Paris. The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-
Schwerin, appointed Gk>vemor General of Reims^ on the 16tix
September, had in consequence already brought up the 17th
Dragoons and the two light batteries of that Division to Chalons.
As tiie condition of the Toul garrison rendered it permissible to
detach troops from the investing force, the 33rd In&ntry Brigade,
the 11th Lancers, and three batteries were marched off on the
19th to Ch&lons.

There remained therefore before Toul, under Lieut.-General
Schimmelmann, only the 34th Brigade, the 14th Rifle battalion,
the 18th Dragoons, and four field batteries ; the 90th Regiment^
together with two rifle companies and a battery of horse artlQery,
remained in the south-west section, and had one battalion on out-
post duty ; two squadrons of Dragoons watched the roads from
Langres at Moutrot and Eye. Of the troops apportioned to the
other two sections, two battalions of the 89th Regiment with one
squadron of Dragooiis moved into the ground north of the Rhine-
Mame canal, where they occupied in front line the porcelailt
factory, the railway station, the railway embankment, and the
suburb of St. Mansuy. The 3rd battalion of the regiment
established itself with two companies of rifles and one squadron
of dragoons on the right bank of the Moselle ; between Chaudeney
and the GrondrevUle road were two companies at the outposts,
which latter were pushed forward on the next night from the
height east of Dommartin to the bridge over the Moselle.
Captain v. Malotki pressed forward across this bridge with some
men of the 9th company 89th Regiment, and set fire to the mills
which were said to furnish the dally requirements of fiour for the
fortress.

Higher up the pioneers threw a bridge over the river at Pierre
la Treiche, which was in readiness on the 20th. A small detach-
ment of the company of Bavarian Engineersf blew up on the
following night the canal lock at the foot of the glacis near the
suburb of St Mansuy ; an attempt was made to turn the water

* The GoTenmieiit General of Rebns indnded all those parte of the coantxy in the
occupatum of Qennan troops on the west of the GoTemment General of Loname.
Further details are giren in Appendix LZVI.

t They had remained at Tool after the departure of the etappen troops.

from the Vauban canal into the Moselle'^ by destroying the weii
at Valoour.

The 5th heavy field battery shifted its position on the 21st
firom Mont St. Michel to the valley, 700 paces west of the porce-
lain factory, for the purpose of cannonading the west front of the
fortress, llie defender, who had meanwhile mounted additional
guns on the north and east sides, opened this day a vigorous fiiv
from those points, without, however, achieving any remarkable
result, so that the Prussian field batteries were able to continue
an uninterrupted cannonade until darkness set in.

When all the preliminaries to the intended bombardment of
the place had been com])leted, the construction of the emplace-
ments for the Prussian siege artillery was taken in hand on the
evening of the 22nd, with the assistance of five companies of
infantry. To cover this proceeding, St. Evi-e had been occupied by
a rifle company on the preceding night, and the town had been
briskly bombarded during the coui-se of the day from Mont
St. Michel by some heavy guns and three field batteries.

At half-past 5 o'clock on the morning of the 23rd eleven siege
batteries were in readiness, so that G2 guns shortly opened iirv
upon the place.t The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin,
who had shortly before rejoined the investing troops, watched
from the height of Cote Barine the efi'ect of the Prussian pro-
jectiles.

Soon after opening fire several ban*acks and magazines in the
immediate neighbourhood of the fortifications burst into flames.
The enemy, who answered at fii'st without much vigour, but
towards noon with greater briskness, set on fire the suburbs of
St. Mansuy and St. Evre, but in other respects achieved no
particular success either with his artillery or with the vigorous
fire which he maintained from wall pieces and chassepdts.

Towards 3.30 pjn. the white flag was hoisted over the
cathedral. A letter from the commandant received shortly after,
in which he declared his readiness to surrender the fortress and
to open negotiations, led to the conclusion of a capitulation, under
the same conditions as had held good at Sedan. The 3rd
battalion 90th Regiment and two companies of rifles entered the

* It was hoped that the water in the ditch on the front attacked would in this
manner be drained ofi; but this object was only partially achieTed.

t Battery 1. 6 9 c. m. guns T ^^.^^^ ^^ ^^^^ hetvreen bastions 8 and 4,

ttt' ! 1 o !' !!!* " I especially against the right flank of the latter.

„ LLXm 4 126 C. in. „ J

„ IV. 6 9 c. m. „ against tlie right &ce of bastion 4.

„ V. 5 French mortars against the front of attack.

„ VI. 6 15 c. m. guns to breach the right face of bastion 4.

„ VIL 6 12 c. m. „ against the left face of bastion 3.

„ YUI. 6. French rifled 12 cm. guns against the enciente between

bastions 3 and 4.
„ IX. 6 12 c. m. guns against the right face of bastion 5.
„ X. 2 15 c. m. „ and 3 French howitiers against the front of attack.
„ XI. 6 8 c. m. guns against the eneiente between bastions 4 and 5.
A twelfth battery, which was to bring its fire to bear upon one of the ditch sluices
and Bastion JSo. 8, was neyer employ^.

fortress that evening, after the garrison, consisting of 109 officers
and 2,240 men, had been conducted as prisoners of war to a
bivouac on the Choloy road.*

On the morning of the 24th the Grand Duke at the head of
the German troops entered the captured town. Among the vast
stores which were handed over to the conqueror, were the
standards of the 3rd Dragoons, the eagle of a regiment of Garde
Mobile, 71 fortress guns, about 30,000 stand of arms, 2,800
sabres, and 220 horses, besides 2,000 cwt. of powder, 143,000
rations of food, and 50,000 of com.

On the 26th September the troops belonging to the Xlllth
Army Corps commenced their march for Ohklons; the 2nd
battalion 90th Regiment alone remained temporarily as garrison
in TouL The company of Bavarian Engineers again passed
under the orders of its Inspection General of E^ppen; the
Prussian siege artillery were appointed for the bombardment
of Soissons, that captured at Marsal and Toul remained available
for employment against Verdun.

The French troops had lost during the investment 1 officer
and 25 men kiUed, 8 officers and 80 men wounded ; of the civil
population 8 persons were killed and 20 woundedt The losses
of the Germans amounted since the 27th August to some
30 men. The fortress, with the exception of three barrackB
burnt down, and some private houses in the vicinity of the
ramparts which had been seriously damaged^ had suffinred little
from the bombardment.

* Nearly all the offioera were allowed to depart after gMag their parole.
t A retim of casualties is given in Appendix LXVII.

Preparations
for a formal
attack; con-
stmctioii of
batteries and
of the first
parallel.
(27th Aucriist
to 1st Soi>-
tembcr).

Siege op Strassbuho from the 27tii August to 27Tn SEPTEunEn.

General v. Werdcr having resolved on the 26th August to
proceed to the formal attack of Strassburg* sent a report on
the following day to the royal headquartei-s to the effect that tlie
iirst parallel would be opened on the night of the 29th-30th, and
would extend for the i)resent from the Rhine-Maine canal through
the cemetery of St. Helena to the neiglibourhood of the Paris
railway, and on one of the succeeding nights would be prolonged
to the right as fai* as the Jews' cemetery near Eonigshoiien.

The preparations for a formal attack had, as ah*eady mentioned,
been prosecuted with gi'cat vigoui* both before and during the
bombardmentt Behind the cover of a ridge east of Mundolsheim
were the enti'enching tool depots, the materials for the batteries
and for the platfonns of the siege artillery ; the entrenching tools
for the trenches had been collected at Bischheim and Suffelweyer-
sheim ; a Baden artiUeiy ])ai*k at Kork and an ammunition
de]>6t at Neumiihl served to supply the batteries at Kehl.J
Two wall- piece detachments had been formed of the best
marksmen in tlie German battalions, which were intended to
support the artillery under s])ecial cii*cumstances.§ The tii-st
requirements of bi-ushwood, timber, and building material having
been ])repared by the 24th August, the men of the infantry were
practised in constructing trenches imder the direction of engineer
officers.

With a view to ensuring a moi-c complete examination of
the gix)\md of attack, and for the puri>ose of throwing uj> cover
for the first approaches, the German out])osts puslied lorwai-d at
dai'k on the 27th August towards the fortress along the whole
line between Konigshoften and the Aar.l They ap])roached un-
obsei'ved by the foe to 'within 400 paces of the works, and in
front of the »Stonc Gate even as fai* as the glacis without meeting
the enemy's posts or ])atrol.s. After the i>ioneers had thi'own up
the necessary cover under the i)Ouring rain, the troops retired on
the following morning to the previous outpost positions ; the
shelter trenches in fi-ont of the south angle of the St Helena
cemetery and on both sides of the road leading to tlie Stone Gate,
remained, however, occupied.

Tlie adversary, who during the last few days had dis])layed
Init little activity, suddenly opened at 10 a.m. on the 28th a
vigorous fire of musketry and ai'tillery from the works. Shortly
after noon two French comj^anies moved out from the covered
way in the neighbourhood of the Stone Gate. A company of the

* See Part I., VoL U. p. 453.

t See Part I., Vol. 11. pp. 436, 443, et scq.

X Appendix LXVIII. contains a statement of the material collected at the artillery
parks at Vendenheim and Kork.

§ A detachment of the 1st Kesen'c Division (with Needle wall-pieces): 2 officers,
222 men ; a detachment of the Baden division (with Mini^ wall-pieces) : 2 officers,
197 men.

^ It was only in the Kronenbor^ section that they did not push forward, as the
irround at this point was brightly illuminated by the conflagration at Strassburg.

Schneidemiihl Landwehr battalion in position south of Sdultig-
heim abandoned the foremost trenches^ but afterwards with the
assistance of the supports which came up repulsed the attack, and
kept up a skirmish with the enemy's tirailleurs until nightfalL
Just as little success attended a forward movement, precediMl by a
sharp fire of wall pieces and musketry from No. 44 lunette,
against Kronenbuig, at the eastern margin of which a Prussian
wall-piece detachment had established itself on the previous
night. The enemy, consisting only of some hundred men, pene-
trated, it is true, into the nearest ti-enches, but was again dis-
lodged with file-fire. Towards evening two battalions of the
Guard Landwehr Division, which had occupied the previous
quarters of the 1st Reserve Division between Ober-Hausbergen
and the Faids railway, moved up into this outpost position.*

On the night of the 28th-29th August the shelter trenches
were widened along the entire line of attack, and covered com-
munications were formed between the different sections. General
V. Werder caused the island of Wacken to be occupied in order
to secure the left flank, A company of the Konitz Landwehr bat-
talion crossed the Aar by a foot bridge thrown by the pioneers
near the leather fietctory, drove across trie Rhine-Maone cuial the
French troops there posted, and placed outposts along the latter
as well as at the passages over the Aar, cover being afterwards
thrown up for their protection. Against this line of posts the
enemy, approximately one company strong, advanced from the
island of Jars on the morning of the 29th. A brisk skirmish
having ensued, and the supports having taken part in it, the
adversary was ultimately, with the aid of a detachment of the
Deutsch-Krone landwehr battalion hurrying up frt)m Schiltig-
lieim, driven back to Jars and followed up with skirmishers.
The latter were, however, again withdrawn to the island of
Wacken at 9 a.m. by the commander of the outposts.

Opposite the south front of the fortress the Baden advanced
troops at Weghausel, Meinau and Neuhof pushed forward their
pickets as far as Neudorf and the Schachen Mill. In order to
distract the attention of the garrison from the real front of attack,
some small detachments from lUkirch had approached the glacis
as early as the 28th August and skirmished with the enemy on
this side of the fortress.

Another detachment proceeded at daybreak on the 29th from
Lingolsheim towards the gorge of the Pat6 Lunette, but was
imable to reach it as all the bridges in the inundated ground
had been destroyed. The outwork, which up to this time had
remained perfectly passive, maintained from this day forward a
vigorous fixe upon Eonigshofien and the siege battles at that
pointy as well as upon the outposts on the Lingolsheim road.

Crowds of frigitive inhabitants from Strassburg in their endea-
vour to escape southward were sent back to the town by the
Baden outposts on the 28th-29th Augost.

* See Part I., Vol. n. p. 454.

The defender had on the latter day but weakly responded to
the fire of the siege batteries. He limited his efforts to repairing
the damaged works, and erecting bombproof cover for the troops
and shelter for the £Eunilies who had become roofless by the con-
flagration. These latter persons were lodged partly in newly-
biuJt banracks and partly in some of the public buildings which
were still uninjured.

After the German engineer officers had made a detailed recon-
naissance of the ground to the north-west of the fortress and had
determined upon the site for the first paraUd, the regulai*
si^e was opened by order of (General v. Werder on the night of
the 29th-30th August.

In order to cover the working parties the fusilier battalion
30th Regiment, which was in occupation of the ground between
the south comer of Schiltigheim and the Pai*is railway, had pushed
forward its outposts at 7.45 p.m. to within 400 paces, and in some
places even to within 250 paces of the glacis. Further on the
right was the GU)rlitz landwehr battalion of the Guard on out-
post duty in and near Kronenburg, the Polnisch-Lissa landwehr
battalion of the Guard at the Parqueterie factory. Wall-piece
detachments of four to five men were posted at tlie cemetery of
St. Helena and behind prepared cover on the Aar; opposite
Lunette No. 44 another of these took up its ground.

Meanwhile, during the course of the afternoon, the troops
intended for covering the works had been assembled at Hoenheiiii.
The musketeer battalions of the 30th Regiment advanced after
7 o'clock along either side of the St. Helena cemetery and lay down
at a distance of 20 paces in advance of the line of parallel. Two
landwehr battalions posted themselves in and near Schiltigheim ;
a light battery of the Guard Landwehr Division was held in
readiness on the high road from Weissenburg, nearly abreast of
Bischheim.

About the same time, the working parties which had been
assembled at Sufielweyersheim and Reichstett moved up to the
places assigned to them. The first parallel was to be about 700
paces distant from the glacis, was to extend for about 3,600
paces, resting its right on the Paris railway, and to have covered
communication with the groimd in rear. But as some shelter
trenches already existed at the St. Helena cemetery, the men
originally intended for this portion could be employed in extending
the parallel beyond the railway as far as Kronenbuig. The
permanent way of the outer railway station rendered it necessar}^
however, to remain with the right wing at a distance of 1,200
paces from the glacis whilst the left wing stretched towards a
villa situated at the south-east border of Schiltigheim, and from
thence bent back to the Rhine-Mame canal. Although the latter
village with its niunerous streets of stone houses enabled the
German troops to advance under cover dose up to the parallel,
still in I'egard to the possibility of these buildings being destroyed
by the missiles of the fortress artillery, it was arranged tiiat

short trenches should be thrown up connecting this part of the
parallel as well with the ground in rear.

With the exception of tiie communications in rear of the right
wing and of a strip, some 200 paces long, between the before-
mentioned villa at Schiltigheim and the Rhine-Mame canal, the
work, executed by the common sap* in favourable soil, was
completed between 1 and 3 a.m. on the 30th August. The
fusilier battalion 30th Regiment now evacuated its advanced
position ; the trenches were occupied by the covering party.f

Hand in hand with the pioneer works initiated by General v.
Mertens, orders were issued by General v. Decker for commencing
the artillery attack. The field batteries which had been can-
nonading the fortress from the left bank of the Rhine and the
very remote bombardment batteries Noa 6, 9 and 10, had been
placed out of action since the 28th August ; the remaining 10
batteries had been limited to keeping up a moderate fire, j: But
in order not to endanger our own troops unnecessarily while
working at night, firing was only to be maintained from the
outer fianks against the firont of attack.

In the night of the 29th-30th August 11 new batteries were
thrown up by the men of the siege artillery, and were nearly
all armed with four guns of medium calibre.§ These new
batteries were subsequently grouped together and connected with
the nearest trenches. On the morning of the 30th August there
were now altogether on the left bank of the Rhine 21 German
batteries with a total of 88 heavy guns,ir in readiness from pro-
tected positions to take up the struggle against the artillery of
the fortresa

The garrison of Strassburg had in nowise disturbed the works,
which had been carried out as quietly as possible ; nor had they
once replied to the measured fire of the four bombardment batteries.
Only towards 1 a.m. had some musket shots fallen from the
ramparts. Neither had any French patrol shown itself this night
in the ground in front of the fortress, so that the results of
the besiegers' night work wei*e not perceived until day broke.
Apparently surprised, the defender opened towards 6 a.m. a weak

* The work here described would appear to correspond with that allotted to the
first task of the First Parallel in the English service. Unlike with ui , common sap
in Germany implies absence of brushwood or other aid. — Tr.

t With regard to the sieee works in general, see plan No. 14.

t Twenty-five rounds daUy for each of the 42 guns. See also Parti., Vol. II. p. 453,
and the note on p. 454.

§ These batteries were numbered 14 to 27. The Nos. 18, 24, and 26 were left for the
time being open with a view to their indicating three positions to be subsequently
formed for field artillery on the road to Weissenburg and Lauterburg. In Battery
No. 25 there were four 15 c. m. guns, in battery No. 14 six, and in the remainder there
were four 12 c. m. guns eaeh. For each gun a daily expenditure of 50 shells and 10
shrapnels was allowed, whilst the bombardment batteries were also for the future to
be hmited to 25 rounds per diem. The batteries were ordered to direct their fixe
upon the advanced works along the entire north-west front of the fortress between
bastions Nos. 8 and 13. Batteries Nos. 17, 19, 20, and 21 had in consequence of
some mistake been constructed much in rear of the places intended for them,
so that their distance from the objects appointed for their fire varied from 1,700 to
2,400 paces.

^ Twenty-two 15 c. m., 42 12 c. m. guns, and 24 mortars.

39515. E

fire against that part of the parallel still incomplete and against
the German batteries. The latter answered at once,* and, after
i-edudng the fortress artillery to silence in a struggle lasting
1^ hours, remained still in action with a view to getting the
range of the various objects. The enemy limited himself at first
to a brisk musketiy fire from some sandbag embrasures, but
in the course of the forenoon augmented the batteries on the
north-west front, and in the afternoon engaged in a two hours'
cannonade with the Germans. These on their side maintained
a fire of shrapnel upon' the works during the following night for
the purpose of preventing as fai' as possible the damages from
l)eing repaired.

The works of attack meanwhile proceeded undistiurbed, so that
on the morning of the 31st August the Firet ParaUel between the
Paris railway and the Rhine-Mame canal now possessed for the
most part its prescribed breadth and depth ; the more difiicult
task of breaking up the permanent way, the high; roads, and the
paved streets was completed in the course of the day by thepioneei-s.

For the protection of the trenches a battalion was placed on
each wing, and a third in reserve at Schiltigheim. Two com-
panies of the latter were in the square south of the i-ailwaj'^
station, another at Carl's Cloister ; the 4th was in the village
ready to turn out, where another battalion was also quartered.
In tlie neighbourhood of Konigshoft'en skirmishes took place
with some small l)odies of the enemy's troo])s; tlie German
outposts on Wacken were continually disturbed l>y a brisk fire of
musketiy from the dense bush on the opposite island of Jai-s.

At Kehl the construction of the Mortar Batteries Nos. 1 and 4
had been completed on the 29th August, so that on the right
bank of the Rhine there were now 30 guns in action against the
citadel, t The former battery was ap]iointed moi'e esjiecially to
bombard the island of Sporen, where the enemy appeared to hv
busy in throwing up new works. The filing, whidi wa^
answered only in a most desultoiy manner from the citadel, pro-
ceeded almost undisturbed on this side of the Rhine.

On the left bank the question now for final decision was against
which pai-t of the nortli-west front of Sti'assburg the real attack was
to be directed. The nature of the ground and the sti'ong manner
in which Schilticfheim and the adioininir villacfes of Bischheim and
Hocnheim were built, the numci'ous watercourses which sei^ved
10 protect the left flank, and lastly the jilain in advance of the
noHh-west front, so admirably adapted for works of approach,
appeared more especially to favour an attack upon the section
comprised between Bastions Nos. 11 and 1± The only doubt
which arose on this point was as to whether or not in the low
gi'ound abutting to the east the soil was not so swampy, that
on the left flank they would speedily come upon surface water. An

* The sieprc batteries had receiTod orders not to commence their fire until 8 a.m.,
unless the defender should take the initiative at an earlier hour.

t No. 1 mortar bntterj- coutaiucd four 23 c. ni. mortars, No. 4 eiiiht 30 c. m.
mortars.

examination was therefore ordered to be made, but at the same
time it was resolved to proceed with the woi^s in the direction
just mentioned without loss of time.

Under the protection of the Berlin and Cottbus battalions of
the Guard Landwehr, which formed the guard to the trenches on
the evening of the 31st August, and towards 11 o'clock had pushed
forward their advanced parties in the direction of the gla<as> two
approaches were driven about 300 paces beyond the firat parallel
during the night unobsei*ved by the enemy ;* the common sapf
was also used on this occasion. These works were continued on
the 1st September, intermediate engineer dep8ts being established
at Schiltigheim and in the neighbourhood of Carl's Cloister. On
the part of the siege artillery, Battery No. 28, which was to act
against Finkmatt and the fortifications of Contades, was con-
structed in the course of the night at the eastern border of
SchiltigheinLt

The patrols which had been pushed forward that same night
at all parts of the ground of attack, had found the outworks of
the fortress well garrisoned, and had been received at almost every
point with fire.§ The Neuhaldensleben landwehr battalionf
giving the outposts in the Robertsau, sent a reconnoitring party on
the morning of the Ist September across the Ehine-Hl canal over
a foot bridge which had been prepared before daylight. After
patrolling the whole of the Orangery, it was subsequently driven
back over the canal by a stronger hostile detadmient which
advanced along the Fischer Avenue ; behind this canal the pickets
were in readiness to support. Forward movements made by the .
enemy against the island of Wacken, and from Lunette No. 44
against the outpost position at Kronenburg, had already been
repulsed during the afternoon of the 31st August^ and on the
succeeding night.

On the 1st September the French artillery maintained a can-
nonade for two hours, chiefly on the north front of the fortress,
but subsequently limited its proceedings to firing an occasional
round.

In consequence of the rapid progress made in the attack, and Formadon and
the little molestation received from the enemy, General v. Werder jn^ °*mu^i^*
gave orders on the 1st September for the 2nd Parallel to be erectionof^new
thrown up and connected with the trenches driven from the 1st batteries of
FaralleL **^®*^ between

In order to cover these works a company of the 2nd September.
Baden Regiment was pushed forward between 9 and 10 p.m.

* From the sooth-east corner of Schiltigheim, and between the road and railway to
Weissenbnrg.

t See translator's note on p. 65.

i This battery receiYed four 12 e. m. gnns. In Battery No. 5 two SS c. m. mortars
which had beoome nnserrieeable, had bc«n replaced by mortars of 28 c. m. calibre.

§ Lunettes Nos. 44, 58, 53, 54, 55, and the fortifications of Contades. Lanette
No. 87a was alone fonnd unoccupied.

II The Snd Landwehr Brigade had mo^ed up into front line on the 8 Ist August;
the 4th Combined Pomeranian Landwehr Regiment had taken up the outpost duties
at the canal and on the island of Wacken.

E 2

on that day from each wing of the new line of trendi to within
350 paces of the glacis. Foiu* pioneer and G Landwehr companies
were told off as working party.

The extension of the latter along the section to the east of ihe
St. Helena cemetery proceeded without let or hindrance; but
against the right wing the works between Lunettes Nos. 44 and
53 opened a vigorous lii-e, whilst a considerable foi^ce moved
forward at the same time from the Stone Gate along the high
road to Weissenburg. The companies of the Hamm landwehr
battalion of the Guard, which had just reached the working line,
and were now taken in reai* by the fire from the guaid of the
trenches in the 1st parallel, withdi-ew, and under the guidance of
their officers subsequently assembled at the St. Helena cemetery,
in the neighbourhood of which the pioneers had held their ground.

As the enemy had meanwhile returned to the fortress, the new
trenches could be so far completed at 3 a.ni. by the workmen,
who had been again led forward, that it only i*emained to widen
and deepen them to the prescribed dimensions. At the moment
when the working party of reliefs came up for this puipose, the
adversaiy initiated afresh advance by a vigorous fire of musketr}'
alonor the entire front of attack.

The Governor of Sti-assbui'ir had ordered a sortie on a lai'ge
scale for the morning of the ind Se))teml3er. In the tii^st gray of
tlio morning six comj)anies under the command of Colonel Blot
were to move forward against Kronenburg and the batteries at
that point, five against Konigshoft'en, three from Contades against
the island of Wacken. As sup]>ort to these troops, four companies
were held in readiness in the Place of Arms in front of the Saveme
Gate. The column of attack intended for Kronenbui*g advanced
with two comi>anies along the Ober-Hausbergen road, with one
to the south of it, and another along the Mittel-Hausbergen road ;
a company of volunteers moved in the dii*ection of the railway
rotunda, the Gth i^mained as reserve neai' Lunette No. 44.

On the Geiman side the 2nd Baden Regiment had occupied
the two jmrallels with seven companies. Of the Berlin landwehr
battalion of the Guard two comjianies were in the shelter trenches
at Kronenburg. the two others in the Parqueteiie factoiy. The
(^ottbus landwehr l)attalion of the Guard was postt^d with one
company in tlie trench <'s north of Kronenburg as fai* a^ the
railwav rotunda, and another further to the rear on the road to
Mittel-Hausbergen.

The French company advancing along this road made a rapid
dash up to the foremost farm buildings at Kronenburg, and drove
back the troops at that place. On and to the south of the road from
01)er-Hausbergen the enemy succeeded in compelling the besieger's
outposts to retire, and even in driving away the gunnel's serving
No. 4 Moitar Battery. Tlie German supports which had mean-
while ha.stene(l to the front brought the action to a standstill in
the east part of Kronenbmg. To the north of the place some
detachments of the Guard Landwehr battalion, just mentioned,
threw themselves resolutely upon the foe, while the 12th company

4th Baden Begiment made a simultaneous advance against his
left wing. Surroimded on all sides and attacked wil^ vigour,
the adversary retired to the covered way of the fortress, under
shelter of which he continued the action till 6 in the morning.

At the first rush the French volunteers had driven a non-com-
missioned officer's post out of the luilway rotunda, occupied
these buildings and opened a vigorous file-fire upon the Baden
companies posted on the light fiank of both paraUek.* The latter,
however, at once dashed forward from the trenches, retook pos-
session of the buildings, and subsequently, in conjunction with
detachments of the Hamm and Dusseldorf landwehr battalions of
the Guard,t repulsed the enemy behind No. 44 Lunette. At 5 a.m.
the works on the right wing of the second parallel could be
continued.

The French advance upon Ebnigshoffen had come to a stand-
still at some distance from the shelter trenches. Two fusilier
companies of the 4th Baden Regiment posted at that place had
by their effective file-fire very speedily caused the adversary to
retreat behind his works ; but even at this point the action
lasted until nearly 6 o'clock in the morning.

Of the French detachment intended for the attack of the island
of Wacken, one company was to advance on the west of the
island of Jars along the Schiltigheim road, another directly along
the Aar, while the third was to cover the right flank on the
Spitalgarten Island. The two former, however, encountered a
serious resistance at the ialand of Jars.

The 2nd battalion 30th Regiment had relieved on the evening
of the 1st September the outposts of the 2nd Landwehr Brigade
at the island of Wacken and occupied the latter with one com-
pany. Another was posted on the road from Schiltigheim to
Contades, whilst the two flank companies of the battalion had
proceeded to Jars. Under the protection of the latter, some
pioneers had arranged the buildings there for defence, restored
the previously-destroyed bridges over the Aar, formed two new
foot bridges, and cut shelter trenches through the whole breadth
of the island, approximately on a level with the southern angle
of Wacken. Being received fix)m these trenches with a vigorous
fire, the enemy, who had pressed forward from Contades, speedily
retired under cover of his works.

The continuous musketry fire resulting from these collisions
had brought under arms the German troops further to the rear,
and at some points had induced them to move forward. Some
companies of the 4th Pomeranian Landwehr Regiment, which in
consequence of the action at Jars had crossed from the Robertsau
to the Orangery, drove in the enemy's strong patrols from that
place, and reoccupied with slight loss their previous positions.

^ 2nd, 8rd, 4th

2nd Baden Rqpment'
I The latter had jost come up to the 2nd Parallel as working party, to relieve the
Hamm battalion.

Simultaneously with the advance of the French from Contades,
the guns of the fortress had taken under fu-e the ground in rear
of the left wing of the German outposts and had caased a con-
dagration in the leather factoiy at Wacken. Immediately after
the retreat of the sortie, the French artillen^ redoubled their
activity. The workmen in the trenches, the Geiman batteries and
outposts, and more es|>ecially the waU-piece detachments, found
themselves within a short time so overwhelmed with projectiles,*
that some of the positions which they had taken u]i had to be
abandoned. The siege artillery, which engaged with 92 guns,
overpowered, however, towards 9 a.m. the defender's batteries,
who henceforth limited himself to a moderate fire of wall-pieces
and musketrj\

The losses of the besieger in these engagements amounted in
all to some 150 men ; the garrison of the fortress, according to
French statements, lost 2 ofiicei^ and 142 men. General IJluich
telegraphed on the 2nd September to the Minister of War :

" This morning a glorious sortie, but dearly purchased,
and no other success than imposing respect on the enemy."

On the German side the inci-easing day-light showed that the
night works had been a partial failure. As the right half of
the second paitbUcl struck the centre of the St. Helena cemeterj-,
whilst the left touched its southern angle, these two sections
could not l.Ki brought into immediate connexion. Moreover, the
approaches on the left wing were swept in then* whole length
trom Lunette No. 5G, those on the right fi-om Lunette No. 44. A
vigorous fii*e of musketry and canister from these works caused
the Germans considerable losses, especially the reliefs proceeding
to work ; Lieutenant-Colonel v. Gayl and Captain Herzberg of
the Engineei's were mortally wounded.

In the course of the day the incoirectly traced approach on the
right wing was replaced by one inclined more to the left ; but
on the left wing tlie enemj'^'s fire continued so destructive that
the works had to be tempoiui'ily suspended. It was not until
the following night that the wrongly constructed trench was
filled in, and a fresh one thrown up whicli intei'sected the road
ti'om SchiltiGfheim to the Stone Gate.

The defender had remained tolerably quiet during the night,
])ut very early on the morning of the 3rd September commenced
a brisk lire of aiiilleiy and musketry from the works of the
forti-ess. At 3.30 a.m. another sortie was made from the Saveme
and Stone Gates.

The 1st Landwehr Grenadier Regiment of the Guard had on
the previous evening formed the guard of the trenches ; the Gorlitz
battalion and two companies of the Polnisch-Iissa battalion
occupied the 1st, the remaining six companies of the regiment the
2nd Parallel. South of the Ober-Hausbereen road stood the

* In Battery* Ko. 1 Gunner Weekc of the 7th Fortress Artillery Kegiment seized a
fused shell which had fallcu into the battery and threw it over the parapet.

Berlin landwehr battalion of the Guard at the outposts. A picket
pushed forward towards Lunette No. 44 had been aware since
2 a.nL of the enemy's preparations for the sortie, which were by
no means noiseless, so that he did not surprise us.

The French troops proceeding towards the position at Kronen-
burg were at once detained in front by two companies of the
Grdrlitz battalion placed in readiness. After the detachments of
the Breslau and Berlin battalions posted on the flank, the men
of the 34th Regiment working in the trenches, and the 2nd
i-eserve heavy battery of the Guard unlimbered at the eastern
entrance of Ejronenburg, had taken part in the action which
ensued, the adversary again withdrew after half an hour's fighting
to Lunette No. 44.

The troops which had sallied £rom the Stone Gate had at
first succeeded in forcing their way into the 2nd Parallel, but
were again expelled, after a brief struggle by two companies
of the Berlin and Folnisch-Lissa battalions, and by the pioneers
who ran to arms.

After these collisions, in which the French had lost 40 men
killed and wounded, there was a short suspension of hostilities at
the request of General Uhrich, with a view to interring the dead
lying in front of the fortress.

As the trenches were already of very considerable extent, Major
V. Quitzow assumed the friture direction of the works on the left
and Major Bayer of those on the right wing. All the troops and
working parties employed on the north-west front of attack
passed under the orders of a General of the Day, who, however,
had nothing to do with the technical works of the artillery and
engineers.

On the 3rd September the intelligence of the capitulation of
Sedan reached the headquarters at Mundolsheim. A general
salute frt)m the German batteries announced to the besieged
town the downfall of the Imperial Army. .

Up to the present time surface water had only been met
with on the extreme left flank of the second parallel ; * a closer
examination of the ground to the north of Strassburg had shown
that the driving of saps in the previous direction might be done
without any great difficulty. General v. Werder therefore
reported to the headquarters of His Majesty the King, that he
hsLd resolved to direct his chief attack against the position of the
Stone Gate situated in front of Bastions No. 11 and 12.

This being the direction of attack, the prolongation of the first
parallel to Konigshoflen, as originally intended, became unneces-
sary ; but in view of the very salient position of Limette No. 44,
speciied measures of precaution were necessary for the right wing
of the approaches, in the first place the works of the Eronenburg
section were strengthened, so that it might serve as a secure
position against any further sorties on the part of the enemy, and

* The trenchet were in consequence shallowed at that point, bat made of greater
breadth.

as a poiiit of departure for a possible attack upon the above-
mentioned lunette. Newly thrown-up approaches in the angle
between the Basle and Paris railways connected the Kronenbur^
]X)sition with the railway rotunda and with the trenches furthcj
to the left ; covered roads of communication were also constinicted
leading from the first parallel to the rear.*

The witlening and improvement of the two j)arallels proceeded
during the following days without a check, and for the mo.st part
Avithout molestation. On the 4tli September before daybreak
some small hostile detachments sallied from the fortress under
]n'otection of the fire of their artilleiy ; the}'' were, howevei .
N)>eedily repidsed by the fire of tlie 4t]i Baden Regiment. The
rainy weather which had set in since the previous day rendered
exceedinirlv aixluous all workin^^ in the soddened clav soil :
the trenches were ditdned with difficulty and only rendered
available >vith the help of faggots, straw, and fascines. On
the left wing jmrt of the second parallel and the eastern
section of the trench connecting it with tlie fii'st parallel
wen; ankle dee]) in water. As, moreover, the front half of
this trench, in spite of its having Inien remade, was still within
range from the works at (Jontadts, and the reliefs in pa.ssing to
and fro suffered re))eated losses, it was once more blocked uj), an<l
another trench was rlriven somewliat more to the ridit to tlic
second parallel, the left Hank of which teiminated at the
Schiltiofheim road.t

In order to comi)lete the communication still wanting l^etween
the two wings of this ])arallel, a trench was dug in the night of
the 4th-5th September through St. Helena cemetery, and on
the follownng night prolonged to the eastward.J By the 7tli
September, in accordance viith the original plan, the right wing
of the front trench was constructed past the south angle of the
cemetery ; on the 0th the second parallel with all its rearwaixl
comnmnications might l)e considered com]>lete.§

The guard of the trenches, meanwhile reinforced to three
battalions, was, with a battalion held in readiness at Schiltigheiuh
under the orders of a regimental commandei'. These troops
occupied both jmrallels, the works at Kronenburg, and the
luilwav rotunda. The defence of tlie shelter trenches between
the roads to 0})er-Haus}>eriren and Kouitfshofi'en Wcos taken over
by four companies of the Baden Division.

A wire leading from the main line of telegi*aph between Mun-
dolsheim and Ober-SchiifibLsheini connected the headquarters of
the Siege Coi-jis with a bomb-proof station on the right wing of
the first parallel.

♦ An engineer intermediate depot va** formed to the north of Kronenburg. Anj
furtlicr driving of trenches in the direction of Lunette No. 44 was given up in conse-
quence of tlie many hindrances offered by the lines of rail.

f Thnt portion lying to the east of this road was abandoned in consequence of the
depth of the water.

t This trench was called the " CcmottTv Communication.'*

§ The :2nd JPanillelhad now a total leuL'th of 2.4(Ki paces, a breadth of 12 feet, and
a depth of 5 fctt.

The more vigorous part played by the French artilleiy sinoe
the opening of the first parallel, was met on the besieger's side
by augmenting the number of his batteries and pushing them to
the front Batteries Nos. 16, 17, 19, 20, and 21 situated in rear
of the right wing, were advanced abreast of the first parallel, and
in the night of the 3rd-4th September Battery No. 29 was
constructed somewhat further to the rear between the railway
and the road to Weissenburg.*

It appeared of especial importance to silence the fire of Lunette
No. 44, which effectively took in flank the attack as it progressed.
In order to cannonade this work, and at the same time for pro-
tection against sorties, Batteries Nos. 37 and 39 were thrown
up on the right flank of both parallels, and Battery No. 35 to the
north of Kronenburg.f

In order to increase its effect Battery No. 5 received heavy
guns, Battery No. 27 an increased number of pieces. Batteries
Nos. 30, 33, and 38 were constructed in the neighbourhood of the
Aar, on the road leading from Schiltigheim to the Stone Gate
and in the approaches of the left wing. J

In order at the same time to derive more effect from the
vertical fire upon the bastions and advanced lunettes of the north
front of attack, the vertical-fire batteries, Nos. 31, 32, 34, 36,
and 40 were erected in the two parallels by the 9th September,
and in addition Batteries Nos. 7 and 8 were equipped with
mortars of the heaviest calLbre.§ On the other hand, on the
right wing, Batteries Nos. 2 and 3, on the left, Batteries Nos. 11,
12 and 13, situated to the east of Bischheim in the neighbour-
hood of the 111, and consequently at a considerable distance,
gradually fell into disuse after the second parallel was opened.
Keeping pace with the advance of the siege batteries, the Prussian
wall-piece detachments took up their positions in the second
parallel opposite the north front of the fortress, the Baden
detachments of the same nature opposite the outworks of the
west fi^nt.

The energetic action of the siege artillery, which brought into
play on the 9th September 96 rifled cannon and 38 mortars, ||
shortly led to visible results. By the action of Batteries

* The first-named five batteries were now called 16a, 17a, 19a, 20a, and SI a.
Batteries No. 16a and 21a receired eight 12 c m. guns each, and Battery No. 29 four
15 c. m. guns.

t Battery No. 37 received four 15 c. m. S. B. mortars, No. 39 four 9 c. m. guns.
No. 85 two'21 c. m. rifled mortars. On the 4th September the 5th and 18th com-
panies of the 5th Fortress Artillery Regiment arrired at Vendenheim with the two
21 e. m. mortars and 12 short 15 c. m. guns.

X The last-named battery was to protect more especially the detachments pushed
ibrward in the direction of the island of Jars agaiuf t Lunette No. 56 and the works
at Gontades. Battery No. 5 was armed with four 15 c. m. guns ; No. 27 reinforced
up to six 12 c. m. guns; No. 30 received four 12 c. m.. No. 83 eight 15 c. m.,
No. 88 four 9 «. m. guns.

§ Batteries Nos. 81 and 82 receiTed each of them four 28-c. m. mortars ; Nos. 84
and 86 four 15 c. m., No. 40 six 28 c. m., Nos. 7 and 8 the 28 e. m. instead of the
23 c. m. mortar.

II Each gun was authorised to fire 20 rounds by day, and an additional 10 shrapnel
in the night.

Nos. 5 and 35, the Lunette No. 44 was completely reduced to
silence by the 8th.* Battery Ko. 33, which had been told off
to set fii*e to the militaiy buildings on the north side of the
town, destroyed the Finkmatt baiTack, and some days later
reduced the theatre to ashes by mistake for the artillery school.
The iire of Batteries Nos. 28 and 30 opened the entire front wall
of tlie tower which rises conspicuously above the Stone Gate.
The gate itself was damaged to such an extent, that the defender
was compelled to fill it with sand bags up to the summit of the

arch.t

In £Ekce of the increased effect of the German batteries the
artillery of the foitress limited itself to a careful and moderate fire.
On the front of attack the well-protected guns for vertical fii'e
alone remained active, whilst the guns withdrawn from then*
]>ositions were only employed dming the pauses in the struggle.
The flank works still fired with considerable energy, especuidly
Finkmatt and tlie homwork to the south of the Saveme Gate,
without, however arresting to any extent the progress of the
Germans.

As early as the 27th August General Uhrich telegraphed to
the French Minister of War that Strassburg would be lost
unles.s immediate assistance anived. In I'eply he received in-
structions to hold out as long as possible, and as a last i*esource
to a'oss with his troops to the weakly-occupied Baden bank
of the Rhine under cover of night, with a view to regaining
French territory by that route. In consequence of the first
despatch having fallen into the hands of the Germans,! and of
the intelligence received of the decisive events at Sedan, General
V. Werder had on the 3rd September once more entered into
negotiations for the surrender of the fortress. These, however,
proved abortive in consequence of the decisive refusal on the
])ai*t of the commandant, and merely led to a mutual exchange of
])risoners.
Resumption of -A.t the headquartere in Mimdolsheim it had been meanwhile
the fonnal resolved to throw up a third parallel at the foot of the glacis
attack to between Lunettes Is us. 53 and ooy and after the captiu'e of these

onhrpkici!!^ works to press fon^'ard simultaneously against Bastions No. 11
(9th to I8ih and 12.

j^eptcmbcr.^ In order to facilitate the last-mentioned works of attack h\

loweriiiir the level of the water in the ditches of the fortress as
much as ))Os.sible, the Geiinans in the eai'lier days of SeptenilxT
had completed the damming and draining of the water from
the Rhine-Rhone canal, the Ki-umme Rhine, the U))per 111 and
the Schwarrsvassei*, and thereby diied up a small portion of
the inundated c^round souUi of Sti'assburg. In order to drain

* The complete evacuation of the lonctte does not appear to have been carried out
until the evcninir of the 19th. At the surrender of the fortress the work was found
to be Tcr}' much damaged.

t There only remained a narrow passage, and one which could not be used in the
case of a large aortic.

J Not immediately, but ou the capitulation of Sedan. — Tr.

off a larger body of watei' below the fortress, Battery No. 88 was
told off on the 9th September to obtain the range of the sluices
situated in the neighbourhood of Ravelin No. 63 between the
Jews' and Fishers' QaXes. As these sluices were upwards of a
mile distant firom the battery and were not visible from any
point of the ground of attack, the desired result could only be
incompletely obtained ; on the other hand some detachments of the
84th Fusiliers, thrown forward to Wacken and Jars, succeeded
on the 15th and 16th September, in spite of a heavy musketry
fire, in destroying the dam arrangements at the sluice bridge, and
thereby let off the water dammed up at that point.

Other attempts were directed to rendering useless certain
mines belonging to the adversary. Captain Ledebour, of the
Engineers, having become convinced from a reconnaissance
during the night of the 8th-9th September that there were
mining works at Lunette No. 58, but that these had been
relinquished by the enemy, that officer, during the following
nights, succeeded in company with a few pioneers in lowering
himself by ropes into the wet ditch, entenng the gallery and
removing the mining-charge from its position. Subsequently,
it may here be remarked in anticipation, a shaft was driven
on the 14th September from the third parallel in the direction
of the mining gallery, the arch of the latter was broken through,
and the whole of the enemy's mining arrangements seized.

Under cover of the guaid of the trenches, reinforced to four
battalions, which occupied both parallels and kept watch in the
direction of Lunette No. 44,* the preliminaries for throwing up
the third pa/raUd had commenced at 6 p.m. on the 9th September.
During tlLe following night three approaches were first driven
frx)m the second parallel ; the vigorous fire from the fortress, fit)m
which the parapet of the centre trench suffered considerable
damage, rendered the emplojonent of the deep sap necessary
up to the next evening ; still, in consequence of the absence of
action on the part of the adversary, the work in the night of
the lOth-llth September had been so far advanced by the flying
sap and the employment of infantry, that during the latter day
the widening of the new trenches and the construction of the
third parallel could be proceeded with.

On the night of the llth-12th the strip about 725 paces long
to the east of the central approach was thrown up by the
common sap, and almost without loss. On account of the
surfrtce water, which exuded on the extreme left flank, the
parallel was there constructed of greater breadth and less
depth; part of it which ran over a slope commanded from
Lunette No. 55, had to be protected by traverses.

On the following night the construction of the strip between
the central and right approach to a breadth of five feet was
commenced. From the centre of the parallel a demi-parallel

* Lunette No. 44 hod metuivhile been completely redaoed to silence on the
preceding day.

212 paces long and 4| feet broad was driven in the direction of
Lonctte No. 53. An attempt to approach Lunette No. 52 by saps
£uledy however, in consequence of the enemy's musketiy fire in
the moonlight ; the short strip of trench which had been already
thrown up and directed by mistake upon Lunette No. 54, had
to be again filled in.

An attack with the lefi wing pa^^ this lunette towards
Bastion No. 12 had been meanwhile abandoned for many reasons.

The character of the low ground, in which any hea%'y rain imme-
diately placed the trendies under water, impeded the works
to a considerable extent. In attempting an advance in this
partially inundated ground, there was every prospect of a con-
siderable loss of time in capturing the several parallel lines of
rampart, protected as they were by wet ditches. The closed
goi^ of Bastion No. 12« would have impeded an immediate
entrance into the town even after the capture of this work.
The German headquartei-s had therefore decided to dii-ect the
attack in future exclusively against Bastion No. 11, through
Lunettes Nos. 52 and 53, and to leave to the siege artillery the
duty of overpowering the flanking works on the east.

In accordance therewith working parties pushed forward in
the niglit of 13th-14th SeptemlH.»r with a double deep saj^
against tin? heads of the two last-named lunettes. After they
had reached at both ]K)ints tlie crest of the glacis, they com-
menced the cnnrning by means of the double travei-se saji.
During the subsequent nights these advanced works were con-
nected, and in doing so the small intermediate work No. 53a.
was occupied. On the right flank tlie crowning of tlie glacis
extended but little way beyond tlie head of Lunette No. 53 ;
towards the left wing the trenches extended as far as the place of
arms between limettes Nos. 52 and 54. On the 18th September
the crowning of the glacis might be considered finished to all
intents and purposes, the demi-pai^els having meanwhile been
prolonged in both directions, the third paitdlel to the right, and
a new covered communication formed between the two.

Whilst these works were in process of completion some changes
had also taken place in the siege artillery. The mortar batteries
Nos. 7 and S were pushed forward into the Cemeteiy Communi-
cation,"*^" while to augment the vertical fire, the mortar batteries
Nos. 45, 4G, 47, 48, and 5a had been constructed in and before
the second parallel.t

As the latter did not sufier any great loss in their advanced

* See note on p. 72. The batteries were called Nos. 7a and 8a. As the certainty
of hitting was increased by the shortness of the range, strains to the beds could be
saved by using reduced charges of powder.

t Battery No. 45 for 4-15 cm. mortar<.

6-23

»i

^W yy \r—^\r

>»

»i

47 „ 10-15

48 „ 6-15

»i

5a „ 3-28

Battery No. 86 received two 23 cm. in lieu of tlie 15 cm. mortars.

position, the gun batteries Nos. 17a., 19a. and 21a.''^ followed to
the same place for the purpose of bringing their fire to bear upon
their previous objects at a closer range. The newly constructed
batteries Nos. 41, 42, 43 and 44 f augmented the fire against the
front of attack and the flanking works. In consequence of the
presence of our men in the foremost lines, only the batteries on
the extreme flanks were to remain in action against the advanced
works of the fortress ; whilst the batteries of the first parallel
firing over the heads of their own troops, were to take the
enceinte as their mark.

Shrapnel fire had been entirely discontinued since the crown-
ing of the glacis. Under the well-directed fire of the Gennaii
wall-piece detachments, which during the gradual advance of
the saps had first taken up a position in the foremost approaches,
then in the third parallel, and lastly in the crowning, it was
only with the greatest care that the French infantry were able
to hold their ground behind the parapets. Their activity was
limited almost entirely to the night-time*

The annihilating fire of the siege artillery had by this time
almost entirely overpowered the French guns on the north front
of Strassburg, and in the town itself had caused much destruc-
tion. On the 15 th September part of the stores of ammunition
in the citadel had taken fire ; on the night of the 16th-17th the
church there and the court-martial buildings had been set on fire
from the right bank of the Rhine ; during the following night
in the town itself the timber stere belonging to the artillery
workshops, and on the 20th the prefecture, were in flames. These
continuous conflagrations, hardships of every kind, and daily
increasing sacrifice of human liie augmented the state of des-
pondency already existing among the inhabitante.

It is true that for a long time General Uhrich had succeeded
in keeping to himself all the intelligence which had reached
him with regard to the defeats of the French field army. But
through messengers from Switzerland, who had obtained admit-
tance inte Strassburg with the sanction of General v. Werder
in order to promote the diufting to that country of homeless
women and children,^ the news soon spread abroad with regard
to the downfall of the Empire. The commandant now found
himself compelled te proclaim the Republic also in Strassburg,
and on his part received the freedom of the town.

Seeing the evident hopelessness of the situation, the inhabit
tante on the 18th September made a renewed demand for the
negotiation of a capitulation. General Uhrich, however, rejected

^ Now called No. 17b, 19b and 2 lb.

t Battery No. 41, four 9 cm. gans at the south edge of Schiltigheim. Battery
No. 42, six short 15 cm. guns in rear of the cemetery communications. Battery
No. 43, eight 15 cm. guns in adrance of the first puallel at the Aar. Battery No.
44, six 9 cm. guns in the western approaches to the third parallel.

X As a result of this interrention about 2.000 persons left the town. General r.
Werder subsequently withdrew this permission, as improper use was made of it, the
emigrants baring endeavoured to excite from Basle resistance against the German
troops in Upper Alsace. ^^ — ^.

'' CNI

>^y^^ ipQir.*-:,!^

in the moat decided manner eveiy request on this subject, while
the depressed spirits of the citizens rose on the anival of
M. Valentin,* the prefect appointed by the new French Govern-
ment, who on assuming office demanded that the struggle should
be continued to the last.
Eugiigemeuts The siege thus resumed its further course.
'" ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ island of Jars the French had ensconced themselves,

easTof °^*^ '" facing the 30th Regiment,! in the thickly wooded south angle
Sstransbur;;. behind abattis and shelter ti*enches, which were in connection
Proceedings of ^^j^ ^\^q works and farmsteads at Contades. From tliese ))osi-
batteries a"^ tions the enemy harassed to a considerable extent the German
Kehi. Kvents outposts, especudly by frequent soi-ties at night. In consequence
.w«trfrom ^* ^^^^ *® advanced troops of the 30th Regiment on both sides
and in rear'of ^^ ^^^ -^^' were strengthened to live companies, and the
the siege corps, works on the left bank weie extended. The foot-bridge of*

boats near the Schmidt's tanneiy was replaced by a trestle-
bridge suited for carriages, wliich was protected bj- a shelter
trench in the fonn of a bridge head, throwii forwai'd as fai' as thi»
first parallel. An attempt to construct covered emplacements
for guns at the tannery failed imdcr the vigorous artillery fin
fix>m the nearest works of tlie foi-tress. Battery Ko. 38J in
action against the enemy's advanced ]>osts and some field guns
])Osted in Wacken likewise produced no visible eftect ; thi
dam]) weather rendered it impossible to bum do\vn the teumi
buildings in front of Contades. As the immediate propinquity-
of the works of the fortress hindeied the adversary fix)m bein^
thrown back by storm, the Geiinans limited themselves for the
present to a brisk musketry fii*e, in order by this means to attract
a considerable part of the garrison to this point, which wslk
beyond the sphere of the true fiix)nt of attack.

On the 12th September tlie 3ixl company 34th Regiment,
which had relieved the Pomeranian landwehr at the out]>ost'<
took up a position for defence on the small island between Jars
and the Robertsau. Some buildings west of Jars hitherto occu-
pied had, however, to be again abandoned in consequence of the
enemy's effective fire.

A fresh attempt made on the 19th to destroy the buildings in
front of Contades with field artillery,^ in co-operation witli
Battery No. 38, reduced some of them to ruins. With the
exception of a continuous fire from both sides, and that sonic
sorties of small detachments of French troo]>s were repulsed
without difficulty, no further serious collisions took place in this
section of the ground.

* The previous Prefect under the Empire hiid resigned his post after the pro-
clamation of the Kepublic. Valentin had endeavoured in vain to enter Strassburi:
from the south and from the Baden bank, but had succeeded in doin^ so from thi*
north side on the 19th. Whilst the German troops were receiving their rations he
passed through the first parallel, and then swam across the Aai* as well as the ditili
in front of Lunette No. 56 under fire of the outposts on both sides.

t See Part II., p. 69.

X See Part 11., p. 73.

f Three batteries of the 2nd combined artillery division, sec Parti., Vol.!., p.l06,Ai)j).

The outposts on the Robertsau, which suffered constant mo*
lestation at the hands of the enemy, had at first only extended
their rounds over the Rhine-Hi canal as fieur as the Orangery.
But as it was the intention of the Grermans to take up a
permanent position in the latter place the attempt waa
subsequently made to reduce to ashes the farm buildings
entrenched by the French on and to the west of the Fisher
Avenue; which, however, only succeeded at isolated points.
Between the Robertsau and the island of Wacken a bridge had
been thrown across the 111 near the sluice 87b. ; a narrow foot-
bridge placed over the Rhine-Ill canal at the north end of the
Fisher avenue, another footbridge near sluice No. 88, and a
bridge practicable for all arms in the neighbourhood of the
French canal served as points of passage from the Robertsau to
the Orangery.

After these communications had. been prepared the 3rd and
4th company of the 30th Regiment, meanwhile transferred to
the Robertsau, crossed the canal in the early morning of the 11th
September and dislodged with slight loss the weak detachments
of the enemy from the Orangery. The Prussian companies
having taken up their position therein, strengthened themselves
during the forenoon with shelter trenches, which ran transversely
through the Orangery from the Rhine-Hi canal to the UL The
heavy field battery of the 1st Reserve Division at sluice No. 87
battered the buildings in front of Contades with visible success.

Whilst connection was now established between the Orangery
and the Prussian outposts on Wacken, a sure communication had
by Greneral v. Werder's order been established for some time
between the Robertsau and Sporen island. Under the protection
of two fusilier companies of the 30th Regiment^ which on the 4th
September proceeded in part across the Little Rhine, and in part
occupied Fort Ducrot, another party had thrown a boat-bridge
across that stream, dose to where it joins the main river, and
had protected it with a bridge-head. From a reconnaissance of
the Sporen island, its entire north part, as &r as the Kehl«
Strassburg high road and railway, proved to be dear of the
enemy.

The Oerman artillery on the right bank of the Rhine had been
also reinforced since the commencement of the siege, and the
line of investment on that side had been advanced nearer to the
fortress. After that the six siege batteries at Kehl had been
augmented by eight guns,"*^ covered emplacements for artillery were
thrown up on both sides of Battery No. 1 and opposite the Erlen-
Worth, and in addition Battery No. 7 was ready by the 15th
September.! Battery No. 1 had ceased its fire since the 2nd
September against the Sporen Island, which at that time was
apparently abandoned by the enemy ; on the other hand, the

* These eight 12 cm. guns were placed in Battery No. S, which gave np its four
15 cm. gons to Teinforoe Battery Ko. 3.
t Anned with eight 12 cm. gims.

whole of the 4S Hie'^tt guns on the right hank of the Rhine
hronght their fire mainly to bear upon the west part of the
citadel, so as to endanger its communication with the town.

The buildings in the interior of the citadel had been boui-
baided successfully with incendiary shells since the 14th Sep-
tember,* so that still greater deficiency oi suitable shelter b^an
to be experienced in the fortress. The enemy returned the fire
with great irregularity, and sometimes with shells without burst-
ing charges.

In order to bring the outposts on both banks of the Bhine
into closer connexion, General v. Werder had instructed the
in&ntry at Eehl to proceed to the Sporen Island. In accordance
therewith two companies of the 6th Baden Regiment with a
detachment of workmen were transported on the night of the
13th~14th September to this island, whei*e they at once arranged
the railway embankment for defence, barricaded the highway
bridge over the Little Rhine, and established connexion on the
right with the Prussian advanced troops in the north comer of
the island, and on the left with a post of the Baden Division
at the railwav brid^je over the Little Rhine.

On the French side this enterprise had at fii-st I'emained
unobserved ; but at day break on tlie 15 th »September the artillery-
of the forti-ess oi)ene(l a vigorous fire u]>on the Sporen Island, which
was speedily overwhelmed with inqjectiles of ever}- description.
At 3.30 p.m. lavi^Q detachments of tlie enemy advance<l over the
Little Rhine towaids the highway bridge. The Baden troops ])osted
there had to retii'e to the railway embankment, behind which the
3rd company of the Cth Regiment kept uj) a musketiy fire.
The adversary deployed two companies, and was just prepai'ing for
the assault^ when he was suddeidy attacked on the left flank bj-
the 3rd companj- of the Stendal Landwehi* battalion,! which
Ca])tain Jaenicke had brought up from the northern bridge-head
towai'ds tlie musketiy file. The Fi-ench infantiy now retired in
disorder across the bridge, where the Geimans once moi*e took
up their jx)sition after comj)aratively sliglit loss.

In order to afford supj)Oit to the troops on tlie S]>oren Island,
an earthwork had lx?en thi-own up in front of tlie destroyed
lailway bridge over the main stream ; a covered gun emplace-
ment near Battorv No. 4 was, if necessaiv, to aftbnl a fiankiiiu
defence to the bridire-head from the riirht l>ank of the Rhint*.
But after a second attemja made )»y the enemy on the 17th
September for its reca])tuie hatl been likewise repulsed, there
was no further collision of impoitance on this island. It is true
that it was l)ombarded for several davs from the citadel ; but on
the 21st Septemlx^r the batteries of attack on both sides of tlu'
Rhine produced so overvvhehniiig an etiect ui)on the Frencli
artillery, that the activity of the latter was considerably cui -

* As it was not possible to observe the effect of the tire from the low-iyin«r batterie>
behind the river embankments, they were brought into telegraphic commimicatioi
with a post on the tower at Kehl.

t l<rom the outposts on the Uobertsa;:.

tailed and it was not imtil towards the end of the siege that their
fire became more brisk.

In the ground to the south of the fortress, the Baden posts,
after takmg up their advanced positions at Neudorf and at
Schachen Hfill, had come into frequent collision with detach-
ments of the enemy, which advanced from the foriaress, but
were on each occasicm driven back behind the glacis. The Baden
company at Neudorf had occupied the Linzen-Eopf on the 31st
August, and on the 7th September had seized two boats pro-
ceeding down the Rhine from Breisach to Strassburg with a
cargo of 36,000 fuses. In order to give a firmer appui to the
right flank of the outposts on this stream, another company had
been pushed forward on the 4th September to the Polygon.

In consequence of information received on the 5th September
from the headquarters at Mundolsheim that a sortie on tiie part
of the enemy in the direction of the south front of investment
appeared to be impending, the road embankments in that section
of the ground were barri<»ded, and some emplacements for artil-
lery were thrown up for the purpose of sweeping the roads
leading from the fortresa The Baden patrols, however, only met
with small French detachments ; preparations for a sortie on a
laiffe scale were nowhere to be seen.

On the night of the llth-12th September the entire south line
of investment was pushed nearer to the fortress. Stroxig detach-
ments of infSmtry entrenched themselves along the raihray em-
bankment ; Schachen Mill was prepared for defence, and for the
support of this post a company was moved to Weghausel. On
the following night the pickets at Neudorf also advanced, whilst
another detachment on the extreme right wing established itself in
the neighbourhood of the railway bridge over the Little Rhine.*

The enemy, who in consequence of these measures had on the
12th directed a vigorous fire of artiUery and musketry upon the
Baden riflemen in front of the Hospital Gate, advanced fix>m
the fortress with two battalions and a battery on the afternoon
of the 13th, drove in the Baden patrols upon their pickets, and
gained possession of the railway embankment. Early on the
14th the adversary again abandoned these positions, but the
Baden advanced troops were so overwhelmed with sheUs, that
they were forced to evacuate temporarily some of their advanced
posts. In the belief that the long-expected sortie was in pre-
paration. General v. Werder sent the Ist battalion 2nd Baden
B^^iment with two batteries to lUkirch, the detachments at
XJrmatt and Liitzelhausen to Mutzig, Obemai, and Erstein, for
the purpose, if necessary, of affording support on the south front of
investment, which at this time had been materially weakened by
the despatdi of troops to Upper Alsaccf

In the dajrs following the 14th September the heavy field
batteries of the Baden Division, from various positions and ap-
parently not without success, threw incendiary shells upon the

* See Put IL p. 80. t See sabeequent namtiTe.

39515. F

shelters at the south rampart of the fortress, upon the forage
magazine at that point, and the artillery barrack near the
AusterUtz Gbte.

On the evening of the 25th the French once moi^ occupied the
railway embankment east of Neudoif ; detachments of the 8th
and 12th companies of the Baden Bodyguard Regiment, how-
ever, at once advanced to the attack, captured at the first rush a
signalman's hut which the adversary was occupying, and drove
him back to tlie fortress. Several houses used by the French
as watchposts were burnt down on this occasion.

The field bridge hitherto existing over the Rhine at Rheinau
having been removed this day to the neighbourhood of Plobsheim.
tlie Altwasser was also bridged on the 26th in the neighbourhood
of the latter village.

During tlie j)rogress of the siege of Strassburg thus far described,
the occurrences in rear of the line of investment had rendered
necessary a constant sliow of troops towards the south and west.
In consequence of intelligence received of the reappearance
of French troops in Upper Alsace, which were even reported to
havo entered German tenitoiy at Bellingcn, two companies of
the Gtli Baden Regiment, a division of dragoons, and fom* guns
had ah-eady proceeded by rail on the 31st August by order of
General v. Werder from Kehl to the Breisgau.*

When tliis detachment reached Mullheini in the evening it
found the neaiest passages of the Rhine already occupied by the
2nd battalion of tlie above-named regiment, which had been con-
veyed to that place from Rastatt by order from the Baden Ministiy
of War. But as it turned out that some French Gardes Mobiles
had only destroyed the telegraph at Bellingen, the troops &om
Kehl were at once sent back by rail to that place, where they
arrived on tlie night of the lst-2nd September. The battalion
irom Rastatt on the other hand remained at Miillheim under the
orders of Colonel Bauer, who was charged with the duty of pro-
tecting the Oberland. This officer on tifie 7th September brought
up the depot of the 5th Regiment from Freiburg ; four guns of
the 4th depot light battery were also assigned to him.

Meanwhile the report had gained ground that 5,000 franc-
tireurs were marching from Lyons to tJie Rhine, for the purpose,
in conjunction with some Miihlhausen workmen out of employ,
of making a \Tndictive raid upon South Baden. The people of
that country were consequently in great consternation ; but as
the officers sent by General v. Werder to Mullheim reported that
there was no reason for fearing that the enemy would cross the
Rhine, the measures hitherto in force remained unaltered. The
Baden patrols and guns at Mullheim exchanged shots here and
again with some detachments which showed themselves on the
opposite bank, but no serious collision took place

* To replace these troops two companies of the Bromberg: Landwehr battftlion
and ^ Bqnadron 2nd Reserve Dragoons at Auenheim were tranaferred to the right
bank of the Khine.

The gamBon of Schlettstadt had remained totally inactive against
the Baden. troops posted between Benteld and Booftzheini,*

On the 31st August (General La Roche with two battalions^
nine squadrons, two batteries, and a detachment of pioneers had
advanced from Benfeld past the east of Schlettstadt to Marckol-
sheim, for the purpose of collecting provisions and forage in that
neighbourhood, as also of destro3riiig the telegraph to Colmar and
the railway bridge at Guemar. After carrying out these opera-
tions the troops returned to Benfeld; only the patrols which
had advanced close up to the glacis of Schlettstadt had been
fired upon by artillery and musketry.

Although all iimiours as to impending incursions of the
enemy's troops into German territory had thus proved to be
groundless^ still it was clearly manifest from the information
received at the headquarters of His Majesty the King fcom
various sides that the arming of the Frendi nation was steadily
on the increase. In consequence of this telegraphic instructions
were sent on the 9th September to General v. Werder to disarm
Upper Alsace with Hying columns, and put a check upon these
proceedings.

For tlujB purpose 4 battalions, 8^ squadrons, and 3 bat-
teries of the Baden Division,t a detachment of pioneers with
a light field bridge train, and the small body of troops at Mlill-
heim, were placed under the orders of Major General Keller.
That officer received instructions to march to Colmar, and if
necessary to Mtilhausen, and by means of three squadrons of the
2nd Beserve Hussars also under his orders, which were to reach
Schlettstadt on the 12th September, to maint>ain his connection
with the south line of investment before Strassburg. In order
not to weaken the latter too much, the 2nd battalion of the Baden
Body Guard Regiment was brought across the Breusch to Geis-
polsheim ; the immediate protection of the rear of this part of the
besieging army was taken over by the remainder of the cavalry,
togetiber with the squadrons of hussars marching on Schlettstadt.

Whilst the troops intended for Upper Alsace were assembling
on the 11th September at Benfeld and Booftzheim, patrols fix)m the
Baden post at Gertweiler^ were attacked on the morning of this
day by about 200 Franctireurs and Gardes Mobiles at Bemards-
weiler, and were driven back, not without loss> fix)m the eastern-
most spur of the Yosges into the plain. According to the statements
of the inhabitants 400 Franctireurs had entered Dambach, and
about 10,000 were on the march fix)m Colmar. From the detach-
ments which General Keller had pushed forward on the 12th
S^tember to Beroardsweiler and Dambach, it was, however,
learnt for certain that the enemy had meanwhile withdrawn from
that place to Schlettstadt. Leaving merely a few detachments

* See Fart I. Vol. II., pp. 448, 455.

t bih Baden fiegimeiit, fdaiUer battalion 6th Baden Regiment, two iqitadrons Ist
Body Guard DrigoouB, three and a half sqnadroni of Uie ind, three of the Srd
Dragoons, ist and 8nd light batteries, and a battery of horse artillery.

t See Part L Vol. IL, p. 455.

F 2

for the protection of the line of communication,^ the General
now commenced his further movement southward on the 13th
September, and on that day reached Marckolsheim with his main
body, Artzenheim and Jebsheim with the advanced guard.f The
advance of a patrol of dragoons in the direction of Neu Breisach,
which was &*ed upon on its return and attacked by hostile
chasseurs, led in the latter part of the afternoon to a slight cavalry
mel^ at the Bois de Euenheim, and subsequently to a skirmish
between the Baden advanced guard companies and some French
detachments of infSmtry posted in this wood.t

On the 14th September the main body continued its march
along the direct road from Marckolsheim to Horburg, the ad-
vanced guard by the road through Euenheim and Andolsheim.
A left flank detachment dispatched towards Neu Breiaach, con-
sisting of the 4th squadron 2nd Dragoons and a detachment of
the 5th Regiment mounted in wagons, met at 8 a.m. in the
neighbourhood of Euenheim some 50 franctireurs, who were
speedily dispersed. The detachment was subsequently fired
upon with briskness from the village of Biesheim, occupied
by about 250 men, but the village was captured at the first
onset. The retreating adversary'' was attacked in flank by a
division of dragoons which rode round by the west of the village,
and was thrown back in complete disorder upon Neu Breisach
and Fort Mortier with a loss of 38 men.

The advanced guard had meanwhile reached Widensohlen,
without meeting the enemy, whilst the head of the main body
found the bridge over the 111 west of Horburg occupied by some
300 Franctireurs. The latter were, however, driven from theii*
position after a short onslaught of the 10th and 11th companies
6th Regiment, supported by the 1st hght batterj% and forced
back through Colmar to the moimtains.

The Baden troops now occupied close quarters in Horburg and
Oolmar, where the inhabitants appeared to be very peaceable.
The collection of food, the confiscation of arms and treasure pro-
ceeded without resistance, the railway to Miilhausen was rendered
impassable, and the telegraphic commimication destroyed. From
I'eports received, it turned out that the partisan corps which had
l)een defeated at Horburg: had fousfht in the action at Bernards-
weiler on the 11th; on the whole, only some 1,500 men had
entered Upper Alsace from Lyons and Paris.

On the 15th September General Keller reached Ejisisheim
with his troops, whilst Colonel Bauer, in accordance with instruc-
tions sent to him at Mullheim, crossed the Rhine at Chalampe

* A detachment of the 5th Regiment at the Rheinau bridge, ?— and ^^*

6 Ist Dragoons

at Gertweiler, -— - in support of the hussars before Schlettstadt, a squadron of the
6

drd Dragoons to furnish the post relays.

t Fusilier battalion 5th Regiment, and three and a half squadrons of the Snd
Dngoons.

X On this occasion the German losses amounted to 11 men, 19 horses ; the French
it is said lost 20 meu.

and advanced in the direction of Bantzenheim. On the following
morning both commanders continued their march to Mulhansen,
where according to report a hostile corps of about 30,000 men
had arrived. The Baden troops, without meeting with any
resistance, meanwhile entered the populous town, which was
occupied by several battalions and squadrons.

As the French had taken steps in time to remove all arms,
money, and railway material to Belfort, there was but a
veiy small store of these articles at Mulhausen. The Baden
General subsequently caused the railway to Belfort and the
railway bridge over the 111 to be destroyed; a rising of
French convicts at Ensisheim was speedily suppressed on the
evening of the 16th with the aid of a detachment of infantry
and diagoons despatched thither from Mulhausen.

By order of General v. Werder the troops in Upper Alsace
commenced their return march northward at noon on the 17th.
General Keller arrived in the neighbourhood of Benfeld on the
20th ; Colonel Bauer who had reached his original position at
Mflllheim by way of Chalamp^ and had there received orders
to despatch the 6th and 7th companies 6th Regiment to Eehl,
entered that town with them on the 20th.*

Although no determined resistance had been met with during
this reconnaissance, still South Alsace remained insecure for
small German detadunents. The cavalry patrols were constantly
fired upon by civilians ; the post-relajrs office at Muntzenheim
was attacked by a detadimient from Neu Breisach.

In the Vosges also the arming of the population again
appeared to be in fiill progress. Bands of franctireurs, in bodies
of 50 to 100 men, stated to be the advanced troops of the
Gardes Mobiles concentrating at Schlettstadt and St. Di^, crossed
more than once the crest of the mountain, or made incursions
along its western slopes. A detachment of the 4th Baden Regi-
ment reconnoitring in the valley of the Upper Breusch came into
collision with one of these bands at Rothan on the loth September,
repulsed it, and pursued it as far as St. Blaise.

In order to cover towards that side the railway communica-
tion of the German Army through the vaUey of the Zom,
General v. Werder on the 18th September despatched into the
Vosges a landwehr battalion of the Guard, two divisions of
Hussars, and two gunsf under Major v. Elem. This flying de-
tachment reached the neighbourhood of Blamont on the 20th by
way of Saveme and Saarburg, and pushed forward from Blamont
in a southerlv direction. After some successful skirmishes with
franctireurs who had reached Br^m^nil and Celles, three companies
were set in movement towards this latter place on the 23id. A
small force moving by way of Pierre Ferc^e met with serious

* These companies are shown in Appendix UI. as belonging to the detachment at
that place.

t 3rd battalion 2nd Landwehr Grenadiers of the Guard, two divisions of the 2nd
Resenre Hussars, and two guns of the reserve light batterj of the Guard.

resistance at CeUes, but drove the enemy from his foremost ]X>Bi-
tions : beins: met, however, bv a battalion of Qarde Mobile and
two companies of franctireurs, it withdrew skirmishing to Badon-
viller. During another reconnaissance through Bacoarat, made
on the 27th September in conjunction with two Saxon Etappen
com]mnies and a detachment of the 2nd Reserve Lancei-s, a
long skirmish occurred at Raon TEtape with a far superior
lx)dy of French infantrj- ; but even on this occasion the Germans
were able to effect their retreat without molestation.

In order to establish connexion with this same flying detach-
ment General v. Werder had assembled a mixed detachment of
the Baden Division* at Mutzig on the 21st September. The
outposts of the fith company oth Regiment, intended for the
occupation of this viUage, were briskly fired upon on the morning
of the 22nd by about 400 fractireurs who had ensconced them-
selves in the vineyaixls east of Dinsheim, but were driven by
this company towards Flexburg after a protracted struggle.
The remaining troops led by Major Held, advanced along the
Breusch valley, repulsed a French detachment at Heiligenberg,
and reached Schirmeck in the evening, from which place they
were, however, withdrawn to Mutzig on the following day.

Fresh reports of the advance of French forces to the relief of
Strassburg from Belfort had induced General v. Werder to draw
nearer to himself those paii;s of the Baden Division which had
been detached on special services. The 1st Brigade took over the
occupation of the south line of investment, the 3rd the duties in
the trenches, and the protection of the batteries at Konigshoffen.
As a protection against any attack from without, a strong
mixed body of troops was posted between Rosheim, Niedemai,
and Erstein, which on the 25th September pushed forward a
flying column to Ebersheim, and from thence sent small detach-
ments to make incursions towards Schlettstadt and into the
Vosges. Between Mutzig and Hangenbieten Prussian troops of
all arms were ready to support the Baden Division.f With the
exception that the arming of the population was extending, the
above-mentioned intelligence proved on this occasion to ]ye also
devoid of foundation.

Occupation of Meanwhile the attack upon Strassburg had made considerable

Lunettes Nos. procrress sincc the 18th September,

xi^'^x'^oTk^ During the construction of the approaches for the crowning of

of attack. the glacis. Battery No. 8, originally containing mortars, was

* — ^ and — , one ttquadrou 3rd Dragoons, one division 4th light battel^*.
4 5

t iBt Combined Brigade (Major-Generoi v. Degenfeld) : 1st Body Guard Grenadiers,
fusilier battalion 6th Kegimcnt, two squadrons 3rd Dragoons, and three batteries.

3rd Combined Brigade (Major-Gcneral Keller): 3rd, 4th, and 5th Regiments, one
squadron 3rd Dragoons, and four batteries of the Corps Artillery.

Troops between Koshcim and Erstein (Migor-Greneralv. La Roche) : 2nd Grenadiers,
1st and 2nd Dragoons, 1st light battery, and a battery of horse artillery.

Prussian troops between Muuig and Hangenbieten (Major^General Krug v. Kidda) :
l$t Landwehr Grenadiers of the Guard. 2ud Reserve Dragoons, 2nd Reserve Hussars,
seven batteries of the Guard Landwehr Division and of the 1st Reserve Division.

airanged as a breaching battery, which under the superintendence
of Captain Miiller was to batter the eastern revetment of Lunette
No. 53. A thousand shells having been fired since the 14th
September against this part of the work, a practicable breach
was apparent as early as the iTth."^ In order to engage the
French artillery firing now and again from this part of the front
of attack, and in the flanking works, were employed for the
most part the guns of Battery No. 44, which were pushed forward
here and there from their position..

Shortly after the glacas was crowned, the works for the
passage of the ditch in front of Limettes Nos. 52 and 53 were
also commenced. Part of the ditch wall opposite Lunette
No. 53,' having been brought down for a breadth of 12 feet
to the water level by two mines on the evening of the 19th
September, a dam of earth and fiascines was plaioed across the
ditch on the following day, the assailant endeavouring to cover
himself in front and on the left side with an earth screen from
the enemy's fire.t About noon Major Bayer, of the Engineers,
who was directing these works, sent some pioneers and in&ntry
soldiers across in a boat to the breach, for the purpose of
making the latter perfectly practicable by bringing down the
earth and pieces of wall, and at the same time to expedite the
construction of the dam from the opposite edge of the (Utch.

Although the vigorous infieuitry fire from the fortress brought
down part of the covering screen of sandbags and interrupted
the work for a time, still by 4 p.m. the dam was successfully
completed. Lieutenant Frobenius of the Engineers had just
ascended the breach, and found the limette abandoned by the
enemy.{ A detachment of the 10th company 2nd Landwehr
Begiment of the Guard at once dashed into the work and spiked
the six guns which had been left therein ; in addition to these
there were several filled powder barrels and cases containing
small*arm ammunition. T^e occupation of the lunette was taken
over in the evening by a company of the 34th Begiment and a
company of pioneers, which under the musketry fire of the French
threw up the most necessaxy cover. The gorge was dosed by
means of the common sap, and brought into connexion with the
dam over the ditch and the breach by underground passages.

* Cnrred fire, here emplojed for the fint time, was used from four short 15 cm.
gans betireen 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. The effect was obserred after the occupation of the
mining galleries (see Part II., p. 75) from the entrances to the latter. A mass of
earth still standing was to be brought down bj Battery No. 42 shortly beibre the
storming. It tamed oat subseqaently that the coonterforts were still standing
behind the wall which had been brought down in masses four or five feet high.
There was, howeyer, so much earth and debris that the breach could be considered
satis&ctory.

t There were here at work the 1st fortress pioneer company VllXth Anny Corps,
the Baden fortress pioneer company, and some men of the Kottbus landwehr battalion
of the Guard. Captain Kirchgessner of the Baden £ngineei8 was on this occasion
mortally wounded.

X In consequence of the successful breach General Uhrich had giren orders on the
evening of the 16th for the lunette to be abandoned, and for the coTered oommnniea-
tions leading to the enceinte to be destroyed.

For the protection of the breach a cutting was made in the
exterior slope of the parapet, provided with a banquette and sand-
bag loopholes.

The works of attack upon Limettc No. 52, which was con-
structed entirely of earth, had by the evening of the 19th
September reached the nearest edge of the ditch. But as the
still effective fortress guns in Lunette No. 54, and in the coun-
terguard before Bastion No. 12, played with vigour upon the
left flank of the working party and maintained a fire upon tlit*
ditch, eai'th sci'eens had to be thrown up, which, being subse-
quently roofed with railway iron, afforded .sufficient protection
against the bursting shells.

In order to engage the.sc fortress guns and to shell the interior
of the outworks, counter-batteiy* No. 51 was [thrown up on the
night of the 19th-20th September, and on the following night
moi-tar batteiy No. 49, both in the crowning of the glacis.f A^
the foimation of a fascine dam aci^oss the wet ditch, some GO metres
broad and C to 9 feet deep, in front of Lunette No. 52, woul«l
have rcquiied considerable time, the pas.sage was to be effected
In' means of a cask bridge, for the construction of which a large
number of beer barrels found in Schiltigheim afforded a suitabl* •
material.

Non-commis.«5ionod officer Fi-eitag of the jiioneersj havini^
swam acrD.ss the ditch on the morning of the 21st and measured
its breadth, the bridging was commenced at nightfall§ and
finished at 10 p.m. under cover of a jilank screen, which it
is tnie prevented the opemtion from being seen, but gave very
imperfect protection against the flanking fire. Captain Roese
of the Engineei-s then proceeded acrass the bridge with some
pioneei-s and found Lunette No. 52 likewise evacuated. It was
now occupied bj' a company of the 34th Regiment, a pioneer
company, and a few artillerjinen. The seven guns left behind
in the work had been spiked by the enemy ; mines had not been
fonned, nor also in Lunette No. 53. The pioneei>5 at once
entrenched the gorge, taking advantage of the paling still exist-
in<r there ; a covered communication with the cask bridije was
thrown \\\) by saj).

These works executed as ((uietly as ]>ossible had at first ]>ro-
ceeded imobsorved. But when a company of tlie 1st Landwehr
Regiment of the Guard coming \\]) as reinforcements crossed
the ditch, the noise occasioned therel>v attracted the attention
of the defender, who now directed an effective fire uj>on the
cask bridge from the nearest works to the eastward. The
detachments abeady in the lunette and protected by the paling

* A counter (Kotttre) batter v is one intcodcd to silence flanking fruns, e.g. those
sweeping the ditch in front of a breach. Thev are also effective against sorties
passing drv ditches.— Tr.

t Battery Xo. 51 received four 9 cm. puns, Battery No. 49 six 15 cm. mortars.

I Of the* 1st fonress pioneer company Vlth Army Corps.

§ By the 1st fortress pioneer company 1st Army Corps.

' Oil the evtiiiiicr of the 20th ^^eptenlber it was still occupied by French infantry.

sustained it is true but little loss ; bat the working parties at the
Growningand at the exterior slope of the ditoh were considerably
harassed by the enemy's unremitting fire. The total loss of the
Gennans amounted this night to 49 killed and wounded ; amongst
the former was Major v. Quitzow of the Prussian Engineers.

At 5 a.m. on the 22nd September the works had so £eur ad-
vanced that with the aid of several boats some light mortars
could be transported to Lunette No. 52, and these opened fire
from thence upon the fortress. As early as 8 a.m. the defender's
artillery fire had in general become silent; it was only with
great efforts on the part of the siege artillery that Lunette
No. 54 was reduced to silence later in the day. The musketry
fire of the French upon Lunette No. 52 likewise continued
without cessation, but did not even cause any temporary sus-
pension in the works of attack.

As the cask bridge was repeatedly struck by shell, and in
spite of all the repairs formed a precarious means of communica-
tion, an embankment was constructed with the assistance of a
large force of workmen, and opened for use on the 25th Sep*
tember, the cask bridge having been meanwhile sunk.

From the reports of the engineer officers who by repeated
recomuussances^ had determined the position, nature, and com-
munications of the works next coming into consideration, it
transpired that the earthen caponier behind Lunette No. 68
did not lend itself to the construction of trenches on account of
its slight breadth and low situation. It had been therefore
determined to advance against the salient of CounteiguardNo. 51
along the double caponier behind Lunette No. 52. As imder
these circumstances increased cover appeared desirable for the
troops intended for the assault of the enceinte, the crowning was
exteoided as fiur as the front of Limette No. 54, and from this
new left wing a covered communication was subsequently driven
towards the third parallel, which communication crossed tiie inter-
vening ditch by a fascine dam at its narrowest point. An attack
upon the last-named lunette was only contempUted in the event
of the siege artillery not succeeding, contrary to expectation, in
completely overpowering the works on the right flank of the
front of attack.

The advance from Lunette No. 52 having been commenced on
the night of the 22nd-23rd September, partly with the flying sap
and partly with the deep sap, the crowning of the glads in
front of Counterguard No. 51 followed on the night of the
24th-25th ; the working party fired upon in the 1^ fiank as
before, and taken also in rear fix)m Bastion No. 49, suffered some
losses.t

* Captain-Ledeboor had reached the basin behind Lunettes Nos. 53 and 6S, by
swimming.

f The following took part in the works : the Ist fortress pioneer company Vlth
Army Corps and the Baden fortress pioneer company. Amongst the woonded was
the oft*mentioned Captain Ledebour, who saocombed to his wounds in October.

After oocapying the two lunettes the edege artillery had also
made further preparation for the attack upon the enceinte. In
Lunette No. 53 was constructed Battery No. 56, while in Lunette
No 52, in addition to the mortars previously placed there,
Battery No. 57 was formed.* These two batteries were to
batter the ravelins and counterguards of the front of attack,
whilst Battery No. 47 constructed in the crowning in front
of Lunette No. 54t was to operate against the counterguard and
Bastion No. 12. The heavy mortars were in general advanced to
the second parallel, and in addition two new mortar batteries,
Nos. 50 and 59, were erected. Five new direct} batteries and coun*
ter batteries, Nos. 55, 52, 53, 54, and 60, which for the most part
were in fix)nt line, took as their mark the front of attack and its
flanking works, the lighter guns directing their fire almost ex-
clusively upon the French riflemen posted behind sandbag loop-
holes and similar cover.§ The siege batteries further to the rear
for the most part ceased firing. ||

Under the successful fire of the new batteries the breaching of
the east side of bastion No. 11 and the w^st side of bastion
No. 12 commenced simultaneously, in accordance with detailed
instiiictions from Captain MiiUcr. Against the former mark
Battery No. 42 at the St. Helena cemetery had been firing since
the morning of the 23rd, against the latter object since the
morning of the 24th a newly constructed battery, No. 58.f

The aiming at Bastion No. 11 was considerably facilitated by
the circumstance that a strip of the wall upwards of 4 feet in
breadth was visible from the breaching battery. In the bursting
of the first shells stones and splinters in large masses were hurled
against the counterguard in front, which was abandoned ia all
haste by the French riflemen. As early as the noon of the 24th,
after some 600 rounds, the masonry was destroyed at the place
selected as the mark ; the bringing down of the mass of earth
still standing in rear of the opening was deferred until the
commencement of the assault.

More difficult, however, was the breaching of Bastion No.
12 ; as the latter could not be seen from Battery No. 58, the
observation of the effect had to be made from Lunette No. 53,

* Battery No. 5G, built in the niirht of the 23rd-24th September, was armed
with the guns of battery No. 49 ; Battery No. 57 was equipped with four 15 cm.
morturs.

f This battery was called 47a.

X A direct {Jjemontir) batter^' is one constructed at right angles to the prolongation
of a line through the embrasure or the axis of the gun or guns in the battery which
has to be engaged. — Tr.
§ Battery No. 50 for two 23 cm. mortars.
„ 59 for six 28 cm. „

Direct battery No. 55 four 12 cm. guns.

„ „ 52 two 9 „

Counter battery No. 53 two 9 „
» n 54 two 9 „

Direct batterj- No. 60 three 9 „
|l Mortar batteries Nos. 31, 32, 34, 36, 40, 7a, and 8a, gun batteries Nos. 22 and 29.
% With regard to Battery No. 42, see Part U. p. 77; Battery No. 58 received four
short cm. guns.

whence paii of the upper moulding of the wall was expeeed to
view. ITnder these difficult cizcumstanoes it was not until- the
forenoon of the 26th, that a breach 86 feet in breadth was made
in the walls, 467 long shells having been fired against it* There
also the bringing down of the mass of earth was not to be*
attempted until i^ortly before the assault.

This, however, never took place.

On the 27th September Qenend Uhiieh reoeived the report The capite-
&om Colonel Sabatier and Lieut.-Colonel Maritz that the breach ^^^sl
was practicable, and that Strassburg was consequently in the
power of the besieger, who possibly on that very evening would
storm the works. The council of defence, which met in con*
sequence, were unanimous in their opinion that it was impossible
to keep troops permanently in the vicinity of the breach to
repulse the expected assault, owing to the overwhelming power of
the siege batteries* Any fiirther resistance was not to be thought
of under such circumstances, and it was imperative to enter into
negotiations-t

On the German side the crowning of the glacis which had
meanwhile taken place in front of the enceinte had this day been
extended to the caponier in rear of Lunette No. 58. They were
just engaged in e^rtending these new trenches when at 5 p.m. a
white flag was seen to float over the cathedral tower ; shortly
after, similar signs were visible upon the other churches and
buildings, and li^y at the northern works.

The firing gradually ceased on both sides; French troops
appeared on the parapets of Bastions 11 and 12, and upon the in-
termediate ravelm, which was still but weakly occupied ; Lunettes
Nos. 54 and 55 were already entirely abandoned. The Qerman
troops in the foremost line now likewise quitted their cover, the
nearest detachments also hurried up, and jojrful songs of victory
shortly echoed round Strassburg. llie sapping was stopped, but
the troops were held in readiness in the troches.

After a delay of a few hours a written communication from the
governor of Strassburg reached the headquarters of the besieging
army, in which that officer expressed his readiness to surrender
the town and the garrison. General v. Werder deputed in con-
sequence Lieutenant-Colonel v. Leszczynski, the chief of the
general staff, to conduct the negotiations, which took place on
the night of the 27th-28th September at Konigshoffen, and
at 2 a.m. led to the conclusion of a capitulation.

The French troops of the line and the Garde Mobile, numbering

* It turned out later that in rear of the breach there were also masonry arches.
It may, howeyer, be assumed that on resuming fire the hitter would be brought down
with &e superincumbent mass of earth, and this would not hare influenced the pmeti-
caUlity of the breach.

t The council of defence bases the surrender of the fortress on the &ct that the power
of redstanee had reached its last limit and the artillerj was placed hors de ecmbaiy that
the ramparts and the roads at their foot were overwhelmed with projectiles fired with
an accuracy hitherto unexpected, and therefore all troops there assembled for repelling
the assanlt must have been killed before the commencement of the struggle. The
assailant would have reaohed the ninparts without firing a shot and without meeting
with any resistanoe.

nearly 500 officers and officials, upwards of 17,000 non-commis-
sioned officers and men, were declared prisoners of war ; as regards
the officers the special favours conferred at the capitulation of
Sedan were in this instance accorded. The franctireurs and the
national guards, consisting merely of citizens of Strassburg, were
to surrender their arms, and on giving their promise not to fight
any more in this war against Germany, to receive their liberty.
With the town and fortress passed also into the victor's hands
the bullion of the Oovemment bank, some 1,200 guns, 800
carriages^ upwards of 200,000 stands of arms, considerable stores
of ammunition, and other rich booty.*

In accordance with the agreement made by the respective
plenipotentiaries, two German companies occupied at 8 ajn. on
the 28th September the Fisher s Gate and the National Gate,
two others the Austerlitz Gate. At 11 a.m. the Grand Duke of
Baden arrived at the glacis in front of the National Gate, where
the chief leaders and representatives of all the troops of the
besieging army had already assembled.

The French garrison now marched out of Strassburg ; at their
head were, likewise on foot, Generals Uhrich and Barral, Rear-
Admu*al Exclmans, and several other officers of rank. The Grand
Duke and Genei'al v. Werder dismounted from their horses in
order to meet General Uhrich. The filing past of the prisoners
of war took place at first in tolerable order, but before long a
number of drunken soldiers quitted the ranks, and refusing to
obey their officers, smashed their arms amid great uproar and
threw them into the ditches of the fortress.

Whilst in this manner the French garrison marehed out of the
National Gate, and was then moved off for Rastattf imder escort
of two battalions and two squadrons, the 30th Eegiment entered
Strassburg by the Fisher's Gate, the Baden Body Guard Regi-
ment by the Austerlitz Gate ; the 1st Battalion 6th Baden
Regiment from the right bank of the Rhine occupied the citadel
at 2 o'clock. In addition to these troops three landwehr
battalions, two batteries, five companies of fortress artillery, and
six pioneer companies were moved into the town, where until
further notice General v. Mertens assumed the duties of com-
mandant.

In the forenoon of the 30th September, General v. Werder
accompanied by detachments of all arms made his formal entiy
into the town, which exactly 181) years before had been wi'estctl
fi'om the Geiman empire ; J the citizens were perfectly peaceabK'
in their bearing.

The devastation caused by the fii'e of the siege artillery now
became apparent to its full extent. The works of the firont of
attack, especially Bastions Nos. 11 and 12, were transformed into

* The text of the capitulation is given in Appendix LXIX.
t On the 28th to a biTOuac at Herrlisheim, on the 29th to liastatt.
X The French grenerals I^uvois and Montclas on the SOth September 1681 had in
the middle of peace occupied 8tni<;sburg without striking a blow.

shapeless masses of earth; the dismounted guns lay buried
beneath d^ris of every sort The interior of the dtadel, the
suburb near the Stone Qate, and that portion of the town situated
in rear of the true front of attack, which to a certain extent
had formed a shell-trap for the Germans projectiles, was likewise
almost entirely in ruins ; on the north-west front nothing was to
be seen in the neighbourhood of the works but gutted ruins.
The museum and the picture gallery, the town-hall, the theatre,
the great Finkmatt bairack, the library with 200,000 volumes, the
new church, the gymnasium, the commandant's office in the Place
de Eleber, and o&er public buildings, had become a prey to the
flames ;* the cathedral was damaged in several places. Many
houses outside the town which were situated in the besieger's
line of fire had been struck by projectiles, whilst in the western
streets of Kehl the destructive effects of the shell fire from the
citadel were plainly seen. The Germans immediately after the
evacuation of the fortress proceeded to restore the damaged
works.

The losses of the French garrison during the siege amounted
to 2,500 men, or inclusive of the inhabitants killed and wounded
4,300 persons in alL The besieging army had sustained a total
loss of 39 officers, 894 men.t

In consequence of information which had meanwhile arrived
from the royal headquarters^ that the 1st Reserve Division would
probably remain at Strassburg, while the rest of the Siege Corps
would receive another destination, that Division had taken over
the occupation of the fortress and took up its quarters in the
adjoining localities. The Baden Division, which wajs now also
rejoined by the 1st battalion 6th Regiment,^ was housed in the
southern border of the town ; the Landwehr Division of the
Guard occupied the villages between the Ober-Hausbergen road
and the Paris railway.

On the 30th September His Majesty the King ordered all the
troops of the Siege Corps, which had become available after the
capture of Strassburg, to be formed into a XIYth Army Corps,
to the command of which General v. Werder, now General of
InfiBmtry,§ was appointed. He received orders to send forward
the Guard Landwehr Division in the direction of Paris by the
line of rail which had become open aft;er the fall of Touj^ and
with the rest of the corps, viz., the Baden Field Division, the
30th and 34th Prussian Regiments, the two regiments of Reserve
Light Cavalry,! and three batteries of the 1st Reserve Division,
to commence his march towards the Upper Seine upon ChAtillon

* 448 bnildingii insidA Stnnbarg were completely destrojed. Inelnsiye of the
iohabitants of the neighbouriiood who had taken refage in the town, there were on
the S7th September 10,000 homeless persons.

t See Ai^endix LXX.

I Belonging hitherto to the detachment at Kehl ; ^ Jw-^ — retomed to Rastatt.
"^ 6th Baden

5 Promoted to this rank on 87th September.
Tlie two in&ntrj regiments formed as before a combined brigade. The Snd
Reserye Hnssais with the Snd Resenre Dragoons formed a combined csTsIrj brigade.

and Troyes. The 1st Reserve Division, thus consisting of two
Pomeranian Landwehr Brigades, the 2nd Reserve Lancei*s, and
three batteries, was deputed to remain as garrison in Strassburg.
All the siege guns was removed to Vendenheim, the fortress
artillery and the pioneer companies were quartered in Strassbui^g
and the vicinity, in order to be in i*eadiness for employment
against other French fortresses.

About seven weeks after the &st investment by the Baden
Division, exactly one month after the commencement of the formal
attack, the great French fortress of the Rhine had opened its gates
to the besieger, although it was stiU abimdantly provided with
food and ammunition.

Exceptionally favoured as it was by circumstances of gi'ound,
the defence of the place had been unable to hold out until the
stoi-ming of the breach.

Tlu' Strassburg garrison, hastilj'^ tlirown together from veiy
heterogeneous elements, was indeed adequate as regards numbers
for the extent of the works, but did not possess that inwartl
cohesion necessary foi* dealing vigorous and far-reaching blows
ujion the assailant's positions. The defence was therefore limited
almost exclusively to the immediate range of the works, but owing
to the palpable negligence of all measures for strcngthening the
probable front of attack, was not even once capable of delaying
to any extent the assailant's progi^ess. It shortly turned out
also that the guns of the fortress, although present in sufficient
numbers, were far from being able to cope with the breech-
loading artillery employed by the Germans. Under the powerful
effect of the latter the want of bombproof accommodation in
the town and fortress became the more felt. In consequence of
the frequent conflagrations much defensive material was lost, and
the attempt to replenish it from without was defeated by the
watchfulness of the besieger.

In contrast to the defenders purely defensive attitude an
energetic endeavour was apparent from the verj'- commencement
on the part of the Germans to gain possession as soon as possible
of the important fortress. The method of attack which under
certain circumstances would achieve its object in the shortest
maimer was first employed, but at the same time eveiy necessary
preparation was made for proceeding at once to a regular siege in
the event of failure. During the latter, the works of approach
were steadily pushed on; when mistakes or deficiencies had
appeared, or fresh resolutions had to be taken into account, im-
provements were adopted without delay, but never postponed or
neglected. Nearly every day the adversary made some advance
or added considerable strength to his trenches. It was likewise
with a view to attaining the object with the least possible
delay that the last attack was directed only upon a single bastion

whikt the siege artillery successfully fought the adjacent fronts
and formed a breach in the enceinte almost simultaneously in
two places.

It is true that these gaps in the masonry were still protected
from a direct penetration on the part of the assailant by two
deep wet ditches ; stiU the latter in all probability would in a
few days have made himself master of the place by force. As
no further help could be expected from without, the French
council of war considered it imperative, owing to the discourage-
ment and tendency to mutiny prevailing in the town, to antici-
pate the impending assault by surrendering the fortress.

The almost simultaneous &11 of Toul and Strassburg thus led
in the last week of September to no inconsiderable change in
the general miUtary situation. The terminus of the raUway
communication between the Qerman Army before Paris and
home territory was now advanced westward to a considerable
distance beyond the former fortress. But by the capture of
Strassburg the Germans had planted their foot firmly in northern
Alsace, and gained an important point of support for the occupa-
tion of the southern portion of the old Imperial territory. It was
also at this time, when the German forces were almost entirely
occupied in their task before Metz and Paris, that it seemed very
desirable to those in chief command of the army to be able to
oppose fresh forces to the armed hosts assembling in the interior
of France at the instigation of the Republican Government.

Occurrences before Paris and at other Points of the

Theatre of War in Western France
until the end of october.

Events at Paris between the 20th September and the end of

October.

When the German armies under tlie supreme command of
Majesty the Kinfif arrived before Paris, the enthusiasm, with
which the first proceedings of the new .o^;emment were greeted
by the population, had already given place to feelings of a more
serious nature. The sight of the troops returning in Lasty flight
from the action at Ch&tillou and the absolute severance of the
capital from all communication with the outer world, caused
a very general discouragement. On the other Land the Radical
Keform party, who were by no means satisfied with having
deposed the Empire and were becoming daily more bold in
their pretensions, had succeeded in exercising a certain in-
fluence over tlie population and in gaining numerous adherents,
especially in the suburb of Belleville.

The issue of the negotiations at Ferrieres produced a sudden
change in this condition of afiairs. The self-esteem of the French,
grievously wounded by the demands of the victorious adver-
saiy, caused for the moment all party diflerences to recede into
the background and stimulated the original resolution to rally
with complete devotion round the government in order to resist
the foreign enemy.

The governor of Paris had after the unsuccessful enterprises
against Petit Bic^tre abandoned any further defence of the
ground in front of the fortress and withdrawn his troops behind
the outer works. £x^a*s Division had alone remaijied on the
Yincennes plateau, where it took up defensive positions at Nogent,
Joinville, and St, Maur, and was subsequently reinforced by
Cousin's and Bernis' Cavalry Brigades. Under apprehension that
the Germans would advance along the weakly occupied penin-
sula of Qennevilliers and then pass by way of Asnieres to the
assault of the north-west enceinte, General Trochu had appointed
the 14tii Corps to occupy the space between Billancourt and
St. Denis. It had been encamped since the 20th September with
the 1st Division at Clichy la Garenne, with the 2nd at Neuilly,
with the 3rd between Boulogne and Le Point du Jour; the
Artillery Reserve with the regiment of mounted Gens d armes was
at Ssiblonville. A regiment de marche thrown forward to the
cross roads at Courbevoie* ensured the communication with
Fort Valerien, which place was held by two line battalions,

* Bifurcation of tfae road from Xeiiillj to Bezoni aod NanteiTe.
41648. Wt. 18331. (;

after the Gardes Mobiles hitherix) employed there had fled in
complete disorder to Paris in the forenoon of the 20th. The
foregoing troops posted in front of the we^t side of the capital
under i£e orders of General Ducrot amounted, inclusive of six
battalions of the Garde Nationale, to rather more than 30,000
men.

Maud'huy^s and Blanchard's Divisions of the 13th Corps ap-
pointed for the protection of the south front occupied camps in
the outer ring of streets and on the Champ de Mars. Inclusive of
a Division of the Garde Nationale quartered in the interior of the
city, which if necessary was to serve General Vinoy as reserve,
that officer had 42,000 men at his disposal. The defence of the
north front i^mained confided exclusively to the Garde Mobile
and Garde Nationale.

As the Germans did not attempt a coup de main, but on the
contrary commenced strengthening their own positions by arti-
ficial means, the French on their part utilised the time thus gained
in completing the yet unfinished entrenchments and iu drilling
the raw levies. In the ground to the east of Paris a bridge-
head was thrown up on the left bank of the Mame at Joinville,
while a supporting position was formed between Montreuil
and Bagnolet. In front of the western enceinte numerous
artillery emplacements sprung up in a short time along the
margin of the Bois de Boulogne and at the more important pas-
sages of the Seine. Floating batteries at the south angle of
Puteaux island and near the destroyed bridge at Billancourt
commanded the stream as far as Le Point du Jour. The forts
and advanced batteries supported these defensive arrangements
by directing a steady fire upon the outposts and nearest quarters
of the Army of Investment. Patrols and small bodies of French
troops were unremitting in scouring the environs of the capital.

On the German side attention was first directed to the
arrangement on a permanent basis of the positions taken up on
the 19th September and to carrying into execution the measures
ordered by the supreme authorities for the protection of the
line of investment. It was above all a matter of paramount
importance to ensure the quartering and rationing of the troops
for a considerable period.

Of quarters there was no deficiency, as the inhabitants of the
villages situated within an extensive tract of countiy round Paris
had fled, leaving for the most part behind them the contents of
their houses. Consequently as a general rule the outposts alone
bivouacked ; at many points huts were even built for the
pickets. As timely support had to be given to the advanced
troops, the occupation of villages even within range of the fortress
artillery was unavoidable.

Great difficulties attended the supply of food to the large
bodies of troops in such close concentration. In the dajrs
immediately succeeding the 19th September the whole of the
requirements of food had to be drawn from the commissariat

columns, ajs the inhabitants in their flight had driven off nearly
all their cattle and had for the most part destroyed such stores
as could not be removed. In the fields smoke was still
rising at many places from the corn-ricks which the French had
fired; the well-tilled wine vaults alone appeared to conceal
inexhaustible suppliea Notwithstanding the circumstance that
by promising a high scale of payment we succeeded in gi*adually
bringing to market the provisions still available in the immediate
neighbourhood, and although the cavalry detachments despatched
far into the country delivered at times considerable sup-
pliesy yet in view of the investment being protracted over a
considerable period the necessity became apparent from the first
of ensuring the supply of the army by regular transports from
Germany. For this purpose it was above all things necessary
that we should have the entire and undivided use of the rearward
railway lines, on which for some time post the necessaiy
arrangements had been actively taken in hand.*

A continuous telegraphic system facilitated communication
between the beadquiuiers of His Majesty the King, the two
headquarters of armies, and all the army corps. At con-
venient points of the line of investment permanent observatories
were established, in some instances provided with telescopes,
firom which a constant watch was kept upon the works of the
fortress and the interior of the capital. Beacons, visible to some
distance, rendered it possible to assemble the troops under arms
without loss of time.

By means of the bridging over the Mame and Seine,t as ordered
by the royal headquarters, the troops separated by these broad
streams were in regular communication with one another. The pon-
toon bridge constructed on the 19th September by the Wurttem-
berg Division at Qoumay was replaced by a trestle bridge, and the
passage for infantry at that place which had been destroyed by
the French was again made practicable ; further up the sti-eam the
Xllth Corps had formed a pontoon bridge between Lagny and
Pomponne. The communication across the Seine below Corbeil
had been maintained since the beginning of October by five
bridges^ and a ferry at Choisy le Roi. At the latter place the
bridge blown up by the French had been completely aestroyed,
and when the river was at its height a chain barricade wob
placed there for the purpose of preventing the advei*sary invested
m Paris threatening the points of passage up the stream. A
pontoon bridge at Les Tanneries and two ferries over the two

* Details on this point will be giren in the subsequent narrative.

t See Part II., Vol. I., p. 83.

i A pontoon bridge of the Wiirttembcrg Division between Orljr and Valenton, a
pile bridge of the Xlth Corps at the northern issue fh>ni Villenenvo St. Georges,
which was snbseqnently replaced by a bridge with stronger piers, a pontoon bridge of
the Vlih Corps nt the latter place and two trestle bridges at Corbeil. At the end of
October another pile bridge was formed at Villeneuve St Georges above the destroyed
stone bridge by order of tno commander-in-chief of tho Ilird Army. The pontoon
bridge between Orlj and Valcutou was carried away by the floods nt this time and
rephused by a trestle bridge.

Q 2

100

arms of the Seine at Bougival led from the left wing of the
Yth Army Corps to the Argenteuil peninsula, which as early
as the 20th September had been patrolled by the Lancer Brigade
of the Guard and found dear of the enemy.

On the latter date the whole of the German troops employed
in front line commenced to fortify the several portions of the
investing area assigned to them, and to arrange the positions of
the outposts.

In the rayon of the Army of the Meuse,* whose headquarters
remained temporarily at Tremblay, the IVUi Army Corps first
extended to the right over the Argenteuil peninsula. On the
2l8t September the Srd battalion 8Gth Regiment established itself
in the little town last named ; the 4th Rifle battalion^f once more
brought up from the rayon of the 6th Cavalry Division, occupied
the villages of Chatou and Bezon, forming at the same time
connexion with the outposts of the Ilird Army at Croissy, so that
the French capital was now also completely barred towarda
the west. Some days lat-er the Lancer Brigade of the Guard
moved to Houilles for the purpose of further reinforcing this
wing, but subsequently in conjunction with detachments of the
IVth Army Corps took over the duties of guarding the rear of
the array on the Oise4

Tn order to be within reach of the advanced troops of the
Guard Corps in the other direction, Pierrefitte was also occupied
on the 21st September. After that the 1st battalion 27th Regi-
ment in a brief action with one of the adversary's pickets posted
behind the railway embankment had succeeded, in spite of the
brisk artillery fire from the works at St. Denis, in deploying a
line of posts along the southern border of Pierrefitte, and in the
direction of Stains, an advance made in the afternoon by the
French was successfully repulsed.

On the 23rd September the enemy attacked this new outpost
position in more considerable force. Under cover of a vigorous fire
from Forts Double Couronne, and La Briche, the French General
Bellemare led the 28th Regiment de Marche in a dense line of
skiraiishers against the left wing of the IVth Army Corps^
where was posted this day at Pierrefitte the 2nd battalion 93rd
Regiment under Captain v. Hagen. The two foremost com-
panies were dislodged from the southernmost farmsteads, but
at the issue of the Villetaneuse road received support from the
oUier parts of the battalion, who brought the French attack
to a standstill. Meanwhile the 2nd battalion 31st Regiment
had moved from Montmagny partly against the south angle of
Pieirefitte ; partly against Villetaneuse, whilst to the west of the
latter village two companies§ of the 16th Brigade also took part

* With regard to the positions of this anny on the 19th September, see Turt II.,
Vol. I., p. 38.

f Sec note, Part II., Vol. I., p. 35.

% Details of this will be found in the subsequent narratirc.

§ ?5? and )^S in rear of Pierrefitte stood also in readincnthe ?lBt
^ S6 96 66

101

in the action. When the French thereupon proceeded to
turn the left flank of the defenders of Pierrefitte, and the latter
in consequence partly commenced to retire to Montmagny, the
5th and 8th companies 93rd Regiment, under 1st Lieutenant v.
Heydwolfl^, and the 6th of the 31st Regiment, under Lieutenant
Bassin, threw themselves upon the detachments of the enemy
directly opposed to them ; these now retired at all points to St.
Denis. A simultaneous attack by the French upon Stains having
failed against the fire of the 3rd battalion Fusiliers of the Quai*d,
and the 1st company Guard Rifle battalion, the Divisions of the
I \rth Army Corps, held in readiness to engage, returned to their
quarters between 6 and 7 p.m. The Prussians had lost in tliese
outpost attairs about 100 men killed and wounded ;* the losses
of the French were about the same. A renewed attempt on the
part of the latter to press forward in the direction of Pierre-
fitte on the 26 th September, was defeated by the 9th company
27th Regiment

The headquarters of the Quard Corps in accordance with the
already mentioned order from army headquarters f had on the
evening of the 19th ordered the occupation of the village of Le
Bourget. That order was based on the intention to prevent
the enemy, as far as possible, from gaining a footing in the
bridge-head on the north bank of the Mollette brook, which was
so figtvourably placed for sorties against the 2nd Guard Division,
or to compel him at any rate to a time- wasting deployment within
range of the German guns. On the morning of the 20th the
fusilier battalion Queen Elizabeth's Regiment moved from tlie
north side into the village. After that 400 Gardes Mobiles,
abandoning their baggage, had quitted it on the south side, the
Prussian outposts were pushed forward across the brook as
far as the railway. During the succeeding days the French
made some feeble attempts to re-occupy the lost post As they
did not succeed in their object they maintained a rather
heavy shell fire upon Le Bourget, and the place in conse-
quence was by order from the headquarters of the Army of the
Meuse henceforward occupied by only one company. The 1st
and 3rd Cavalry Brigades of the Guard occupied quarters in the
neighbourhood of Yillepinte, in order to be near at hand in the
event of the enemy endeavouring to break out across the broad
plain.

Of the Xllth Army Corps the 24th Division on the left of the
23rd had occupied the Montfermeil position as far as the Mame ;
the headquarters had been transferred to Lo Yert Galant. The
ai*tillery fire directed upon the German outposts from Forts
Romainville and Rosny had reduced to ashes several farm-
steads in the villages of La Courneuve, Bobigny, and Bondy.
In the plain near the latter place, which apparently served the

* Appendix LXXI. contains details of the losses between the 20th September and
31st October of all the troops at the disposal of the headquarters of the lUrd and
Mense Annies.

t See Part IT., Vol, I., p. 36.

102

French for a drill ground, stroog bodies of infantry showed
themselves almost daily, but their repeated forward movements
were on each occasion repulsed by the outposts, assisted by two
guns held in readiness to the south-west of Livry. The Saxon
Cavalry Division, quartered at Mitry, left on the 26th September
for other duties on the Oise.*

The line of outposts of the Army of the Mouse now ran from
Chatou on the Seine past La Barre, Les Cariiaux, Pierrefitte,
Stains to Dugny, and then by way of Le Bourget to the Bois de
Bondy, where it bent away south-east. With the exception of
the more open space south of the Mor^e brook it was pro-
tected by shelter trenches, road barricades, and entrenched villages,
while the western border of the wood last named was barred by
abattis. On the extreme left wing the front line was less suited
for defence ; a fortified position between the Ourcq canal and
the Mamet was to serve as a supporting position to the outposts
if requii'ed.

The real position in which the Crown Prince of Saxony pur-
posed meeting a more serious attack lay in rear of the line of
outposts, about 7 miles from the Paris enceinte, extending from
Orgemont, north of Argenteuil to the Marne. The right wing
stretched through St. Qratien, Enghien and the Montmorency
plateau to Graulay, and thence ran first along the south-east
border of the heights in the direction of St. Brice, then in firont
of Sarcelles and Arnouville, as far as the Croud brook. Between all
these villages, which were strongly fortified, especially on the south
side, infantry trenches, battery emplacements, abattis and shelter
trenches formed a line of defence, in some places continuous, from
which the roads leading northward from Paris and the railways
could be efiectively taken under fire. For the protection of the
right flank, fortifications were thrown up in the north part of the
Argenteuil peninsula, the railway bridge at Bezons was blown
up,t while further in rear the ridge south of Franconville was
provided with protected gun emplacements and several rows of
shelter trenches, one above the other on the slope. The central
part of the line of defence running along the gently sloping
right bank of the Morde brook received additioncd strength by
tbe diversion of the Ourcq canal,§ ordered by the royal head*
quarters, which at the end of September was carried into effect
by means of a dam and cutting to the west of Sovran. The
masses of water now discharging from the canal into that brook
submei*ged the borders of the latter for a considerable distance
and depth to the north beyond Dugny. The few roads leading
across this important obstacle in front of Dugny, Pont Iblon^

* For further detailf see subReqnent narratiTe.

t From the Voirie through Maison Eouge, Maison Qujot, Le Chenaj as far as
Pont Part.

X On the other hand, the hridge oxer the Seine at Sartronville (on the direct road
from Argenteuil to Poissy) was made practicahle for carts after the mining charges
placed there br the French had been removed.

§ See Part H., p. 35.

103

and Le Blanc Mesnil were barred by works of the nature of
bridge-heads, whilst they were besides swept from the right
bank by numerous batteries. Further to the eastward the Bois
de Bondy limited the effect of the artillery. The villages of
Aulnay les Bondy and Sovran, and, south of the Ourcq canal,
the villages of Livry, Clichy, Montfermeil and Chelles, formed,
together with some outlying fortified farmsteads and infantry
trenches, the points d'appui of the defence. The more open
country between the Bois de Bondy and the high embankment
of the Chemin de Fer de I'Est serving as support to the left
fiank lay under the fire of several batteries.*

In the section between the Marne and the Upper Seine the
Wiirttemberg Division occupied the right wing. The line of
outposts ran here along the left bank of the Marne fi*om Noisy
le Grand as far as the south of Nogent, then in a convex curve
to Joinville le Pont^ through Champigny to the neighbourhood
of Bonneuil. In rear of the outposts the 1st Wurttemberg Brigade
had occupied quarters in the space between Noisy and Champigny,
the 2nd between Coeuilly and Noiseau ; somewhat further in rear,
at Goumay and Malnoue, lay the 3rd Brigade.! The divisional
staff was in the Ch&teau La Land. As main points of defence
served the villages of Noisy, Yilliers, and Coeuilly ; but in
the event of an attack the advanced posts at Le Plant and
Champigny, on the left flank Chennevi^res and Ormesson, were in
the first place to be held as long as possible. With this object
all the villages in front line were fortified and partly connected
by shelter trenches. Battery emplacements were formed on
either side of Villiers, as also on the hill west of Ormesson which
commanded the St. Maur peninsula. By means of a foot bridge
established at Chennevi^res a picket was thrown forward on the
2nd October to the island in the Marne at that point.

* The following earthworks had been constructed in the main position of the Armj
of the Meuse :

One redoubt and five batteries on the Orgemont.

One battery south of St. Gratien.

Six batteries on the Montmorencj ridge (with abattis in front).

One battery west of Graulay.

One redoubt and two batteries south of St. Brice.

Two redoubts and three batteries upon the heights on either side of Sarcellcs (with
shelter trenches in front).

Two redoubts and three batteries on the heights south-west of Amouville.

Two batteries east of Grarges.

Two „ at Pont Iblon.

Three „ on either side of Le Blanc Mesnil.

One battery west of Aulnay les Bondy.

Two redoubts between Aulnay and Sevran.

One battery between Fontenay and Bougement farms.

One redoubt on the hi^h road south-west of Livry.

f, on the height between Llvry and Qichy.
„ at the cross road west of Montfermeil.

Three batteries on the heights between Montfermeil and Cheiles.

At Livry, Montfermeil, and further to the rear on the hill north of Courtrr
emplacements for artillery were constructed. See also Flan XV. A and B, which
contain all the works completed during the investment and siege of Faris.

f To each brigade was assigned a regiment of cavalry and a division of artillery.
On the 26th September the two squadrons still absent 9( the 3rd Cavaliy Regiment

' " from Qennaoy.

104

On the left of the AViirttenibergers tbe Xlth Army Corps had
moved up iato the line of investmeat. It had reached Jossigny
on the 21.st September, despatched four battalions to occupy
Ferrieres, Lagny, and Meaux,* and on the 23rd relieved with its
other available troops those posted in the neighbourhood of
Limeil, which now passed to the left bank of the Seine.f The
Corps occupied the villages between Sucy en Brie and Ville-
neuve St Georges: the 21st Division those to the east of the
Troyes road, the 22nd Division those to the west of it ; advanced
detachments were at Bonneuil and Ferme de THopitaL The
Corps Artillery was quartered at Villecresnes ; the headquarters
proceeded to Chateau Oros Bois. The line of outposts stretched
from Bonneuil first along the left edge of the valley of the Marne,
and then ran, keeping Creteil in its front, in a westerly direction
as far as the Seine. A special detachment at Bonneuil Mill kept
up connexion with the Wiirttembeigers.

For the foremost fighting line in this section Mont Mesly,
provided with numerous artillery emplacements, with the
fortified villages of Bonneuil and Mesly, formed the main point
of support. FuHher on the left the buildings at Ferme THopital
were artificially strengthened, entrenchments and road abattis
were placed in front of the farm buildings at Carrefour Pom-
padour, while the houses of Choisy le Roi on the right bank of
the Seine were arranged for a stubborn defence. The plateau
between Sucy and Limeil with several artillery emplacements
constructed on its north-western slope and the fortified villages
thereon served as the real position for defence. The im-
portant point of passage at Villeneuve St. Georges was protected
by a bridge-head.

In the section between the Seine and Bidvre the outposts of
the YIth Army Corps had been left in the position originally
occupied^t as any attempt to take up a firm stand on the heights
near Villejuif directly in front of and dose to the forts, did
not appear practicable without tlie co-operation of heavy guns,
and would have led to a succession of serious engagements.
This was already manifest in the early days after the 19 th
September.

General v. Tilmpling had to wit ordered that the Hautes
Bruycres redoubt, still incomplete and abandoned by the French,
should be levelled as much as possible before the adversary could
again occupy it. This enterprise was by the general's order
preceded at noon on the 22nd by a reconnaissance towards
Villejuif, as he had meanwhile received information that the
enemy's guns had already been withdrawn from the forts in front.

The 1st battalion 22nd Regiraent§ after driving off a few

* 32ud Bogiment to Ferridres as escort to the roval headquarters, ~ to Lagnj and

Meaux. See also Part II., pp. 19 and 54.

t 24th Infantrv Briffade. See Fart II., p. 53.

t See Part II., p. 53-W.

§ ifixcepting the 4th company \:i at La Belle Epine.

105

Gardes Mobiles moved forward to the north border of ViUejuif.
but there came under shell fire from Fort Bicfitre, from which
circumstauce the information in question appeared incorrect.
The battalion in consequence commenced to withdraw, but was
shortly pushed forward again to the north border of the village
by the commander of the Division for the purpose of covering
the impending works of destruction at Hautes Bruy^res.

Late in the afternoon movements were perceived on the enemy's
side. With a view to re-occupying in accordance with superior
orders the positions abandoned a few days before, several
columns of Maud'huy's Division assembled for this purpose in
rear of Fort Bicetre advanced in a southerly direction. Whilst
Blaise^s Brigade took up a fiim footing in the Moulin Saquet
redoubt and opposite the village of Vitry, ViUejuif was threatened
by Dumoulin's Brigade* from the north and west.

The commander of the 22nd Begiment, Colonel v. Quistorp,
who at this time had bi-ought up sis companies in support from
the left wing of the line of outposts, ordered the retreat upon
Chevilly in view of the outflanking forward movement of the
superior hostile force. The 10th French Regiment de Marche
hereupon occupied Yillejuif ; but the 9th found its movement
impeded by two Prussian companies, which were continuing
their advance further to the west,t and by the fire of the 5th
heavy battery which had unlimbei*ed about a thousand paces to
the north of Chevilly. Under cover of a rapidly deployed line of
skirmishers the south side of Hautes Bruy^res redoubt was
during the night cut through in four places by the Prussian
pioneers, and then the retreat to Chevilly was also conunenoed
from this point.

Meanwhile the commander of the 1 2th Division, with the con-
currence of the Corps headquarters, had decided to hold perma-
nently with a larger force the heights of Yillejuif, which ne still
believed to be in the possession of his troops. When he, there-
fore, received intelligence of the evacuation of the village, ho
ordered the battalions of the 22nd Regiment to make a fresh
advance upon the place during the night ; those troops, however,
fotmd themselves driven back in the immediate neighbourhood
of it by a vigorous fire, in which Colonel v. Quistorp was
wounded An advance made by the 7th Company from Thiais
ngainst the Moulin Saquet redoubt also failed. The Hautes
Bruyferes redoubt had been re-occupied by the 12th Company,
but had to be abandoned to the 9th French Regiment de Marche
at daybreak. Early on the morning of the 23rd September
General V. Hoffmann sent the 12th and the 1 st Companies once
more towards the redoubt, in order to discover the strength of
the enemy opposed to him on the heights of ViUejuif. On reaching

* Formerly Guerin's; see Fart I., Appendix XLI. A battalion of the lOth
Kcgiment de Marche and two batteries remained in reserve at Fort Bicdtre;

t — ^ — ^ ' especially by a forward movement of the skirmishing division of

the last-named company under Lieutenant t. Bulow.

106

the neighbourhood of the work, into which meanwhile some
artillery had been thrown, both companies were received with a
vigorous shell fire and compelled to retreat by the appearance of
masses of French infantry. The withdrawal was effected under
cover of the divisional artillery. The 6th light and 5th heavy
batteries had been firing for some time from the artillery emplace-
ments formed at the eastern border of L'Hay ; somewhat later
the 6th heavy battery had also hastened to that place from
Thiais.* The French responded to the fire with the heavy guns
in the redoubts on either side of Villejuif and in the thi-ee nearest
forts, as also with a marine and a mitrailleuse battery. When
the adversary's fire gradually ceased at 9 a.m., owing to the
successful effect of the Prussian artillery, the Prussian batteries
and battalions returned to their original positions.

About the same time that the 22nd made their last attack
upon Hautes Bruy^res, the 6th Rifle battalion had forced its
way into Yitry, whilst on its left flank the 5th and 6th com-
panies 62nd Regiment had a slight brush with the French skir-
mishers and repulsed an advance which they made. The brisk
cross fire of the artiUery in the opposite forts and at Moulin
Saquet had, however, made it impossible for the riflemen to hold
i^eir position in Yitry, and led at 8 a.m. to the infantry action
being broken off also at this poinif

After these outpost skirmishes, in which the 23rd Brigade had
suffered a loss of about 50 men, Maud'hu}r's French Division had
continued in undisputed possession of the heights of Yillejuif.
The Hautes Bruy^res redoubt was again closed on the south
edde, and like that at Moulin Saquet armed with heavy
artillery ; the latter was also protected by traverses against the
heights to the south. Six] mitrailleuses likewise protected by an
epaulment were assigned a position in rear of the trenches
west of Yillejuif.

The YIth Corps, which had been rejoined on the evening of
the 23rd September by the brigade left on the east bank of the
Seine, appuyed itself, opposite the position just described, on
several defensive positions indicated by -the roads from Choisy le
Roi to L'Hay and Fresnes, and from Orly to Runjis. These posi-
tions were artificially strengthened by fortifying the villages with
shelter trenches and road barricades, and, when the local circum-
stances demanded, with infantry intrenchments and battery em-
placements.^ Of the 12th Division in front line stood a brigade

* The 5th light was still on the right bank of the Seine with the 24th Brigade.

f The Ist RMe company had already to be withdrawn out of the northern border
of the Tillage into the interior from the front of a detachment of French infantry,
which occupied a barricade on the road to Paris. Some troops of the llth Division
(10th JEUgiment and Ist light battery) brought forward to La Belle Epine as early as
Uie 22nd September were not employed.

X In front of the north-east side of Thiais an artillery emplacement and on each
ride of it infantry breastworks ; between Thiais, Chevilly, and I'Hay gnn embratnres
foi seyeral batteries ; two dosed redoubts south of Chevilly and La Rue ; seyeral batteiy
emplacements in hont of the road from Choisy to Fresnes and on the heights west
of Orly.

107

with two batteries at Choisy le Boi and Thiais ; west of the great
road to Villejuif a regiment with a batteiy held CheviUy and
L'Hay ; the rest of the Division was quartered in Fresnes and
Runjis; Between the two wings of the outposts the Rifle battalion
liad taken post at La Belle Epine. The 11th Division further to
the/rear was quartered with the Corps Artillery in the villages
east of the Longjumeau road ; the Corps headquarters were
at Villeneuve le Roi. Some bridges thrown by the pioneers over
the Bievre formed the communication with the Ilnd Bavarian
Corps.

The latter had taken up its quarters in the villages between
the Bievre and the road between the village of the same name
and Chatillon, retaining the positions won in the action of the
19 th September. The advanced troops of the 4th Division,
which with the artillery reserve formed the right wing, occupied
Bagneux, Ch&tillon, and Fontenay aux Roses with one battaJion
each ; those of the 3rd Division were encamped on the north-
eastern spurs of the Yillacoublay plateau, with two companies in
the Moulin de la Tour redoubt. The line of outposts of the Corps
stretched from the Bievre, in front of Bourg la Reine to the
north border of Bagneux and Chatillon, then along the south
side of Clamart through the Bois de Meudon, as far as the road
leading to the chd.teau. The Corps headqui^ers were at Chate-
nay, the Lancer Brigade further to the rear at Verri^es and
Massy.

In order to meet with effect any sudden sortie on the part
of the enemy from the neighbouring Forts Montrouge, Yanves,
and Issy, several parallel lines of defence in close proximity to
one another were thrown up by the Bavarians. The foremost
position was in general coincident with the outpost position just
described ; a second ran from Bourg la Reine by way of Sceaux
and Plessis Piquet to Trivaux farm ; a third for the right wing
leant upon Croix de Bemis, and stretched on the left from Malabry
along the abattis-Uned edge of the wood, by way of Petit Bicdtre
as far as Yillacoublay. Between the localities, which were for the
most part fortified and connected by means of shelter trenches,
emplacements for artillery were constructed. Some infantry re-
doubts on the Yillacoublay plateau commanded the road from
Petit BicStre to Paris, whilst two large batteries east of Croix de
Bemis swept the high road to Orleans and the open country
on the Bievre. The main point of support for the front position
was afforded by the Moulin de la Tour redoubt, which by a suitable
reconstruction was given a firont facing the north and was shortly
provided with bombproof cover.* The building material found
in the work served for the erection of huts at Plessis Piquet for
the troops of the 3rd Division held in readiness to turn out.

In the ground to the south west of the French capital lay the
Yth Army Corps. Its 9th Division was at Yersailles, which place

* This work was sabsequently known by the name of "Bavarian redoabt"
(Bayern-Scbanse).

108

since the 20ih September had also been the headquarters of the
Crown Prince of Prussia; the 10th Division was quartered
further to the north in the villages on the Bocquencourt plateau.
The former had despatched strong detachments to Chaville and
Ville d'Avray, tlie latter to Vaucresson and Bougival. The
position of the outposts extended from the pond at Chalais
through Meudon and Bellevue, then along the left bank of the
Seine to the northern border of the park of St Cloud, thence
by way of La Bergerie as far as the Seine between Bougival
and Croissy. The Ch&teaux of Meudon and St. Cloud evacuated
by the enemy, the village of Bellevue and the redoubt on the
knoU south of S^vi*es * received permanent infantry garrisons ;
advanced [posts occupied the Montretout redoubt and the park
of Malmaison.

The whole of this front line was arranged for a stubborn defence
by artificially strengthening all the localities touched by it,
as also by taking advantage of some unfinished redoubts which
existed. Shelter trenches and abattis closed the open inter-
vening spaces ; wire entanglements and other obstacles in the
interior of the position limited the adversary's approach to
the main roads, which latter were closed with barricades and
swept by batteries on the flanks. Any sudden sortie from
Paris in the direction of Versailles was under these circumstances
almost impossible.

The left wing of the position stretching across the heights of
La Beigerie and La Celle St. Cloud received support more par-
ticularly from the Brezin Hospice, the Fohlen-Koppel, the
Metternich park and the village of Bougival with their defen-
sible borders. Several infantry intrenchments and battery em-
placements commanded the ground lying to the north-easif

As rearward, although not continuous, lines of defence served
several batteries built on the slopes of the hills rising
towards Versailles t and the rifle intrenchment provided with a
standing garrison thrown up on a height in the Bois de Meudon.
On the left flank two companies protected the pontoon bridge at
Les Tanneries, which latter was furthermore secured by a bridge-

* Known later under the name of "Crown Prince's redoubt" (EronpTinaen
Schanze).

f Two batteries on the edfre of the heifrhts west of YUleneuve (called the Wilhelms*
hdhe and Hospice batteries) for the purpose of commanding the open country in
front of Qarches.

A redoubt east of Brezin Hospice for the purpose of sweeping the road to St.
Cloud.

Two batteries and four redoubts on La Bei^rie height

Two redoubts at the sonUi border of the Fohlen-Koppel.

Four redoubts on the height of La Celle St. Cloud.

A position for four guns in rear of the abattis north of the eastern entrance to
Bongiyal.

A redoubt on the Seine island at Croissy to sweep the ground in front of Bougival.

% Three batteries at St. Michel.

A batteiy on the edge of the heights west of Les Cressets.

Two batteries at Beauregard on either side of the Yersailles-Bougival road.

Two batteries on the Jardy height.

A battery in rear of Ville d'Avray.

Two batteries in front of Montreuil.

109

head, an abattis placed across the Seine island at that place,
some fortified farmsteads on both banks of the stream and also
hj destroying the Chatou bridge.

The immediate protection of the rear of the German Army
Ciorps on the left bank of the Seine had been assigned to the
three Cavalry Divisions at present available for this purpose.
Of the 5th two brigades facing westward held the ground
between Poissy and the Paris-Dreux railway, whilst the third at
St. Germain en Laye maintained the connexion between the
outer wings of the I Vth and Vth Army Corps. The 6 th Cavalry
Division at Le Mesnil St. Denis and Chevreuse was in contact
with a squadron of hussars of the 2nd Cavalry Division posted
at Limours. The latter had again moved up with its main body
from Saday eastward to the Seine and occupied the villages in
the neighbourhood of the mouth of the Orge.*

Whilst the German Cavabry carefully watched from these
positions all the roads leading from the west and south to Paris,
it also made distant incursions and succeeded, as already men-
tioned, in providing the magazine of the army with considerable
supplies of food. Small detachments met, it is true, with so
obstinate a resistance at many points in carrying out these
duties that they were obliged to return with their mission
unaccomplished. In order to lighten the very trying service of
guarding the lines against the numerous bodies of French Franc-
tireurs, who had no difficulty in finding cover and hiding places
in the richly wooded country, some battalions of the 1st Bavarian
Corps were assigned to the Cavalry Divisions at the end of
September.

The latter Corps had reached Longjumeau by way of Chaumes
and Corbeil on the 22nd September, occupied quarters in that
neighbom*hood and relieved the troops of the Ilnd Bavarian Corps
at Arpajon. Tliree battalions, one squadron and two batteries had
been despatched by way of Melun to Fontaiuebleau, for the
purpose of clearing the forest which was said to be full of franc-
tireurs. As there was no enemy to be seen, the Bavarian
detachment, leaving a battalion at Fontainebleau, continued its
movement to Malesherbes on the 23rd. In pursuance of a sum-
mons from Prince Albrecht of Prussia, who advanced with the
10th Cavalry Brigade from Gironville to Pithiviers and there
formed connexion on the 2oth September with the troops of the
4th Cavalry Division following from Rozoy and Nangis, a battalion
was drawn forward from Malesherbes to Pithiviers, where it
formed the nearest support to the cavalry reconnoitring in the
direction of Orleans.t

* With i^gard to these three Caralrj DiTisions, see Fart II., p. 85 and 52.
t See Part II., pp. 42 and 54, and with regard to the strength of the Ist Bayarian
Corps and 4th Cavalry Division, see the remark on p. 19.

110

Action at Chevillt on 30th Septehbec.

Without any great opposition on the enemy's part the
Germans had taken up their positions round Paris, and had
fortified them appropriately to the lie of the ground in the
manner ah^ady detailed. It was not until the close of September
that the French undertook a sortie on a more extensive scale
towards the south.

With the object of throwing back still further the investing
troops between the Seine and Bi^vre and destroying a bridge sus-
pected to exist at Choisy le Roi,* General Vinoy after more detailed
instructions from, and with the concurrence of, the French Com-
mander in Chief, led three brigades of the 13th Corps, at 6 a.m., to
the assault of Thiais, Chevilly and THay. A vigorous artillery fire,
lasting one and a half hours, from forts Montrouge, Bioetre,
Ivry, and Cbarenton, as well as from the redoubts Elautes
Bruyeres and Moulin Saquet had preceded this movement. A
fcurth brigade was held in readiness behind Yillejuif. By feigned
attacks in the direction of Clamart and Carrefour Pompadour, the
German troops in those places were to be occupied and contained.

After traversing the ridge south of Vitry, Blaise's Brigade
deployed with the 12th Kegiment de Marche in front of Choisj^
and Thiais, whilst the 11th endeavoured to turn the latter
village on the west, and two field batteries at Argent Blanc mill
opened their fire upon the troops of the Vlth Army Corps posted
in both villages.

Of this latter the 23rd Brigade was at that time on the right
wing of the front line. The 22nd Regiment, which had faUen
in at once directly the thunder of the guns commenced, had
taken post in Choisy with six companies, the remainder being in
Thiais and the entrenchments between the two places ;t the 6th
heavy battery, occupying the existing artillery emplacements,
had gone into position on either side of the last-named village.
Further in rear was the 62nd Regiment, with the 5th light battery
and two companies of pioneers.

After the Prussian pickets opposed to the French lines of
skirmishers had withdrawn to the defensive position proper, there
occurred at Choisy a stationary musketry action, in which the
4th and 6th companies 22nd Regiment encountered the enemy
with so much impetuosity that he retired at 8 a.m. upon Vitry.

In order to ward off the enveloping attack upon Thiais the
62nd Regiment had also been meanwhile drawn forward to that
place. Whilst the 2nd battalion deployed on the east side of the
village, the other two battalions occupied the western part of
it. The 10th company protected the two divisions of the 6th
heavy battery which had come into action further on the left,
and near which the 5th light had also unlimbered. The advance

* As a matter of fact there was onlr a horse-feny at that point. See Part II.,
p. 99.

t iBt, 4th, and llnd in Choisj, 2nd, 9tb, 10th between Choisj and Thiais, 3rd,
nth, 12th in Thiais.

Ill

of the swaxms of French tirailleurs between Thiais and CJhevilly
compelled, it is true, these ten guns to withdraw as far as the
Versailles road ; but the fire of the Prussian infantry in Thiais,
and of the two guns of the first-named battery gallantly holding
out under Lieutenant Dietrich at the north-east angle of the
village^ shortly brought the enemy's progress to a standstill and
compelled him to retire with considei*abIe loss. Towards 9 aon.
the last detachments of French in£Eintry disappeared, then also
the two batteries on the heights of the Argent Blanc mill, in
rear of the entrenchments of Yillejuif, and the forts alone kept
up their fire for some time longer upon Choisy le Boi.

To the right of the troops advancing upon Thiais, and simul-
taneously with them, Guilhem's Brigade had commenced its
offensive movement. The 42nd Line Regiment hac) proceeded
with a battery along the high road from Yillejuif through La
Saussaye, the 35th further on the right towards Chevilly, and
came into collision with the outposts of the 24th lu&ntry
Brigade.

Of the latter the 1st battalion 23rd Regiment stood this day
in foremost line at the northern issues from Chevilly and THay.
In rear of the left wing was the fusilier battalion at La Rue ;
in rear of the right, the 2nd battalion with a squadron of dragoons
and the 5th heavy battery in and near Chevilly.*

As soon as the enemy's offensive movement was remarked by
the Prussians, Lieut -Colonel v. Berkenf brought forward the 2nd
battalion as far as the issues from Chevilly. The 6th company
had however scarcely taken up a position at the northern border,
when the 35tb French Regiment of the Line, whose right wing
battalion was fronting towards THay, following closely upon
the retreating pickets of the 4th company, penetrated into the
north-east angle of Chevilly. The defenders gradually retired
to the nearest position in the village^ and there, supported by
the 7th company, obstructed the further advance of the enemy;
an attempt on the part of the Prussians to recapture the large
farmstead at the north>east border was defeated by the superior
forces of the adversary.

Meanwhile .the 42nd Regiment, driving back a picket of Prus-
sian riflemen in the direction of La Belle Epine,§ had deployed
opposite the east side of Cheviily and occupied some fitctory
buildings situated to the south of the road to Thiaia Whilst a bat-
talion now fronted towards the latter place, and four guns posted at
the cross roads in the neighbourhood of the water-tower can-
nonaded the chateau park of Chevilly, which was occupied by the

* As regards the position of the other parts of the Vlth Corps, see Part II.,

p. 106-107.

f Commander of the -i, who was commanding the right wing of the regiment.

% A detachment of the 6th company held oat in one of the hnildincs at the north-
east border, until it was set on fire and completelj surrounded ; thejtLen forced their
way with the butt end and bajonet to the more southern part of the village.

§ The 6th Rifle battalion stood as before at La Belle Epine and occupied with a
detachment a mill on the Bi^vre to the south-west of TUaj.

112

£th and 8th oompanies 23rd Begiment, General Quilhem led
forward two battalions in person upon this village.

The attack undertaken with great resolution failed however
against the overwhelming file-fire of the Prussian infantry there
in position, who received effective support from a detach-
ment of the 6th Rifle battalion, and from the 5th heavy
battery which had unlimbered behind the gun emplacements
to the north of La Belle Epine. General GuiUiem fell mortally
wounded ; the French retiring in disorder rallied next at the
cross roads under the protection of their batteries and of the
battalion which had remained there in reserve.

General v. Tiimpling had been since 6 a.m. on a hill between
Orly and La Belle Epine. At the commencement of the action
he had caused the rearward troops of the Corps to be called to
arms and had appointed the 21st Brigade with part of the Corps
Artillery to give any support that might be required to the 12th
Division.

The commander of the latter, who had ridden from Thiais in
the direction of the musketry fii-e audible to the westward,
received in the neighbourhood of La Belle Epine the report that
the left wing of his advanced troops at Chevilly and THay
was hotly engaged. As he at this time was also informed of
the previously mentioned arrangements of the commanding
general, he now ordered the parts of the Division* hitherto
detained at Runjis to take part in the fight of the outposts.
By order of General v. Fabeck the 1st battalion, G3rd Regiment
advanced towards the cross roads east of Chevilly, whilst the
other two battalions of this regiment were marched off to La
Rue in support of the left wing. The 6th light battery, and the
4th light battery of the corps artillery which came up shortl}^
afterwards, reinforced the line of guns of the 5th heavy ha,tteTy
to the north of La Belle Epine.t

The French troops at the cross roads had suffered to such an
extent from the converging fire directed upon them from Chevilly,
La Belle Epine and Thiais that they were unable to withstand
the onset of the H3rd. After the 3rd company, supported by
the rifles advancing simultaneously along the high road, had
stormed the factory buildings, the enemy withdrew to the
plantations at La Saussaye.

The struggle round Chevilly was still raging briskly at this
time. At the northern angle of the place the fighting detach-
ments were at many points opposed to one another at the closest
quarters, until the enemy ultimately relaxed in his efforts and at
8 a.m. withdrew to the plantations further to the north. Only
the previously mentioned farmstead at the north-eastern border
of the village was still firmly held by the adversary. Major
Ronneberg, who once more led forward the 7th company 23rd

* 63rd Regiment, 1 5th Dragoons and 6th light hatttr}'.

t iDclusire of the two batteries at Thiais there were therefore five Prussian
batteries now in action.

113

Regiment against the farmstead, fell at the head of his musketeers.
Although this company succeeded in gaining possession of the
entrance and the southernmost building, the rest remained in
possession of the French, who defended tliem with great
pertinacity.

In order completely to dislodge from the neighbourhood of
Chevilly the adversary, who was threatening a fresh attack,
the Prussians made a vigorous onslaught at 8.30 a.m. by
order of the commander of the Division, who had meanwhile
arrived. Iieut.-Colonel Baumeister, who in accordance with
superior orders had led forward the 2nd battalion 10th Regi-
ment* to Chevilly, pjissed through the latter village, the ;lth
and Gth companies being in front line. Whilst part of the
troops now entered into tlie struggle for the farmstead still held
by the adversary, the remainder pressed forward along the high
road towards the north ; the 5th company, G3rd Regiment,
already brought up on a previous occasion from the direction of
La Rue, and the 8th of the 10th Regiment, accompanied the
attack along the western border of the village. The enemy
now evacuated the plantations in all haste. Harassed in theu'
retreat by the eiiective iile-fire of the Prussians, the 35th Regi-
ment was completely dispersed, so that it could not be rallied
until in rear of the Hautes Bruy^res redoubt.

Almost simultaneously with this decisive advance, the farm-
stead at the north-east border of Chevilly now completely sur-
rounded was stormed by parts of the Prussian troops left there.t
After a vain attempt to cut their way through, upwards of 100
Frenchmen surrendered to the victorious as.sailant8.

In consequence of the loss of Chevilly the 42nd Regiment now
likewise withdrew from La Saussaye behind the entrenchments
westwai'd of Villejuif. Cousin's Cavalry Brigade, which advanced
to their support, found itself compelled to retire at once, in
consequence of the fire of the Prussian artillery, which had
partially come up abreast of Chevilly.

No less unsuccessful than the attacks upon Thiais and Chevilly
just described was the offensive movement of Dumoulin's Brigade,
which had advanced with two battalions of the 10th Regiment
de Marche against the park and cemetery of L'Hay, and with
two battalions of the 9th and two chasseur companies against
the north side of this village.J

After the French chasseurs had next ensconced themselves in
.some farm buildings and vineyards in front of the north-west
angle of L'Hay, and the Prussian pickets had fallen back to the
barricaded northern entrance of the village, all further advance

* Belonging to the 21st Brigade.

t Belonging to the ^^^ *°^ ^^ and the 23rd Regiment.

t One battalion of the 10th Begiment de Marche covered the right flank on the
Cachon-L'IIav road ; parts of it skirmished with the Bavarian advanced troops on the
Bi^vre and, crossing tiic brook, drove in a picket posted to the north of Bourg la
Reine. A battalion of tlic 0th Bctnnicnt had remained in the Hantes Bruj^res
redoabt.

41648. H

114

failed agaiuBt the determioed opposition of the seven Pnuuuan
companies there assembled under Colonel v. Briesen.* The 9th
Eegiment de Marche now limited itself to a standing mosketry
fire opposite the north border of L'Hay. The 10th Kegiment
de Marche, which had approached to within 250 paces of the
park and cemetery walls, but had then been received with an
effective fire at short range from the 2nd and 9th companies of
the 23rd Regiment, retired in consequence in the direction of
ViUejuif.

On the approach of the two battalions of the 63rd Begiment^f
despatched from Rungis to La Rue, Colonel v. Briesen resolved
at 8 a.m. to throw back the enemy still opposed to him on the
north by a vigorous attack. Some of the companies just arriving
were brought up to L'Hay. The 7th company appointed to
turn the French right flank reached the bank of the Bi^vre
at the double and dashed with a cheer upon the foe, whilst the
detachments of the 2Srd Regiment lining the northern border of
L'Hay made a simultaneous advance from the village.^

The retreat of the French now also commencing on this wing
of the battle field shortly degenerated into a disorderly flight.
The 0th Regiment de Marche left about 120 men, mostly un-
woundcd, in the hands of the Fiiissians, and could only be
rallied at Hautes Bruyferes, where General Vinoy strove in
vain to lead forward once more the attenuated battalions. The
forts and the two redoubts continued their fire up to 10 a.m. in
order to cover the retreating troops.

The Vltli Army Corps, whose separate units once more re-
sumed their previous positions at the close of the struggle,
sustained a loss this day of 28 officers and 413 men killed and
wounded. The more than five-fold greater loss of the enemy fell
nearly one-half to Quilhem's Brigade which had been engaged
at Chevilly.

Simultaneously with these proceedings before the front of the
Vlth Aimy Corps feigned attacks were made on the left bank
of the Bievre and on the risrht bank of the Seine as ordered
by the French commander-in-chief.

Susbielle's Brigade assembled at Issy and Vanves had posted
the 14th Regiment de Marche to observe in the direction of
Bagneux and Chatillon, and had despatched a battalion of the
13th to Clamart. Another battalion of the latter regiment,
under cover of the broken ground, moved forward from Bas

* The 1st, 2nd, and 8rd companies and the fusilier battalion 23rd Regiment

\yhich had been brought up from La Hue.

t See Part II., p. 112.

9th
f -—. participated more to the eastward in the pursuit of the 35th Kegiment

retiring from Clierillv.

115

Meudon towards Bellevue, a place which had beeu bombarded
on a previous occasion by French gunboats, and by a sudden
advance drove in a picket of the Y th Army Corps from the road
barricade at that place. Whilst the French, after rapidly
occupying some farm-buildings, now took under fire the cross
road at the southern entrance to the place, there was only the
5th company King's Grenadier Regiment to oppose them in front.
But when after a protracted skirmish two other Prussian com-
panies from Bellevue threatened the adversary in flank, he
again retired to Bas Meudon.

On the left wing of the 13 th French Corps, Mattat's Brigade
with Bemis' Cavalry Brigade had crossed the Marne at Charen-
ton between 4 and 5 a.m. After an advanced guard thrown
forward to Crc^teil, and more particularly two batteries, which
had unlimbered at the farm of Notre Dame des Miches, had
cannonaded for some time the positions of the Germans, columns
of French infantry moved against the village of Mesly, while
others from the neighbourhood west of Cr6teil were directed
upon Carrefour Pompadour.

But in the meantime the advanced troops of the Xlth Army
Corps in readiness for action had taken post in the entrenched
positions. The 88th Regiment, with a rifle company, occupied
the position between Bonneuil and the west of Mont Mesly, from
which latter the 2nd light battery cannonaded the enemy when
he showed in the ground in front. Further to the left was the
fusilier battalion 94th Regiment at Can'efour Pompadour, and
in rear of the road barricade there. The 3rd heavy battery
brought into action in front of it was compelled by the eflect of
the superior artillery at Notre Dame des Meches to retire to the
high road south-east of Carrefour, where the 4th heavy battery
had entered into the struggle. In front of the village of Mesly
the French infantry limited themselves to an ineffectual musketry
fire at long range. Some parties of cavaby riding towards the
^'iIlage were easily repulsed.

At the close of the action on the left bank of the Seine,
Mattat's and Bemis' Brigades, under cover of some mitrailleuses
posted to the east of Maisons Alfort, commenced their retreat at
9 a.m. The shell fire of the 2nd light battery accompanied the
enemy until he disappeared behind Fort Charenton. The Xlth
Corps, whose main forces had concentrated during the action in
rear of Mont Mesly and south of Carrefour Pompadour, hereupon
reoccupied in the course of the forenoon its previous outpost
positions and quarters.

In consequence of the unsuccessAil and disastrous sortie of the
30th September, the French at once proceeded to throw up addi-
tional entrenchments at Yillejuif, which were extended eastward
as far as Yitry and by means of approaches were brought into
connection with breastworks thrown up farther in advance.

H 2

\y,..*m/ffM, k<r'\ ^'./A.//f,f,, t,', J<,*;> trra:r'Xrt:3 ar-i tl--e rVir feLd

^ /^/f /r,, ,/fv f>-»,v^>/, IV/,.','r,.; ar-4 toe Sein^;. Jn l!.e follow-
f/ / /f // *^>, /J^/'l lJf,;(v.> t///k T;r> Jt^ y^/sition en th*^ right,
^ A ^i<,f, /,f, f,.,i? i/ft yfit.y 5 tJ»^ 1 J th Ltftncer-i, folioving with the
^^/^ -/ A>*,,,/ y t//,K»/'ftf^ irotft lihhu\ cecnpsed qoarter? in the

1>f> /* *, //I /K»'/fi /*r,/l til'; C^'jff/H Artilicrj', Xlth Army Corp?,

< 1 ff f^t *fr* t'tf** Of* ^/» •*'>*/$»% U*n\ \itt'U ifUi 10 nar of the other, hec Part II.,

f p t*'* ** h* *-> *0 *'th tf* i/t'tt-h //I ihi» '/fi « *fjh**/|iiAnt occasion.
i < ^*i hi*' '/ ^<^'//»/;>, VN tttuS t,\h UyUi\f^iU'fi*'* ot^ the march from Chalons
^,^ ttf^^ot-*^ 4f*h ihf^ffhf iUi^rt^i* imt'lmUuff iUf ]4th Hifle battAlion but without

ff,f ' t*^h ht ^H^n'fff, '\hu\f, \ii^\t hthtffntun, T/fh iiJwl Cth he»fy and 8rd H. A.

hf'o t f iiihh^*'^ t>hih\tHUf Hh(\ Ufii^i fu»t'ryt* UiiUTy followinfrfromTonlto Ch&Ions.
/ f t "f H , t'if h'4 HHrt hi 'tUu lr»»t iMiifiwl hflff'Tv roreried io the 2nd Landwehr
ft.t.f'fh Iff "hi'h tUt- \tUfU»'f ^ll^u^\^huf Mil* ii)»o «•• M^rnM for the we^e of SoiMons.
/ h' '*fH U /f hntuff mthfi-iim ui\y jitUwii t\w MOt J/iri/'<*r«, which with the IstH.A.
i.fff* t f mt^^t. ui hhun I In* ( /III i/iM^iiofiM hml h<'i;rt fiMigntd to the 2Dd Landwehr

hi n I'lh

117

had crossed to the left bank of the Seine immediately on being
i-elieved. The former occupied the ground between Meudon and
Sevres, the main body being quartered at Chaville ; the Corps
Artillery was under shelter at Saclay,* the headquarters moved
to Versailles. In the front, thus considerably curtailed, of the
Vth Army Corps, the 9th Division occupied the ground between
St. Cloud and the Fohlen-Koppel, while the 10th concentrated
towards the left wing. The attempt to reduce to <nshes the
village of Rueil lying in front of the latter was unsuccessful owing
to the strong material of which the houses were built ; on the
other hand on the 13th October the French from Mont Valerien
set on fire the palace of St. Cloud, which in consequence of the
prevailing wind was so rapidly consumed by the flames that only
a small portion of the works of art in the place could be saved.

The Guard Landwehr Division placed under the commander-in-
chief of the Ilird Army, and the arrival of which from Strassburg
had been considerably delayed by interruptions in the traffic on
the newly opened line of rail west of Nancy, reached the left
bank of the Seine by successive echelons from Nanteuil sur
Mame by way of Coulommiers ahd Corbeil. The 1st Guard
Landwehr Regiment passed through Versailles on the 16th
October, occupied St. Germain en Laye and despatched a
battalion to Port Marly, which for the future also guarded the
bridge at Les Tanneries. The rest of the Division gradually
assembled between the 18th and 23rd October in the neigh-
bourhood of Longjumeau and likewise moved on the 30th to
St. Germain en Laye.

The royal headquarters had been transferred on the oth October
from Ferriferes to Versailles, where His Majesty the King took up
his residence in the buildings of the Prefecture.t

En6AG£3IENT at BaQNEUX ON THE 13tH OoTODER,

The movements of troops within the rayon of the Ilird Ai-my
observed since the clase of the first week in October led the
French Commander-in-Chief to believe that a serious attack on
Paris was in preparation. But as this impression was not con-
firmed in the next few days, and as news now amved of engage-
ments on the Orleans road, which led rather to the inference
that German troops were leaving for that quarter. General Vinoy
received orders on the night of the 12th-13th October to obtain
definite information with regard to the positions of the invest-
ing army towards that side by a reconnaissance in force. This
ofiicer resolved in consequence to advance at 9 a.m. with two

"^ In place of the 5th light batteiy which had left with the 22nd DiTision the 4th
heavy batteiy was transferred to the corpa artillery,
t The palace there senred as a field hospital.

116

Opposite the right wing of the outposts of the Ilnd Bavarian
Corps, Mariouse's Brigade* occupied on the 8th October the village
of Cachao. A covered communication between Hautes Bruy^res
and the entrenched factory of La Orange Oiy, situated to the south
of Fort Montrouge, having been established, utilising for the
purpose the Arcueil conduit, a regiment of Oardc Mobile bad on
the loth October proceeded from thence against Maison Pichon.
The Bavarian picket posted at the latter farm and which had
already been fired upon by artillery from the works just described,
was driven back as far as the railway cutting, and after being
again attacked that same evening by the enemy was drawn in
closer towards Bourg la Reine. The French now arranged
Cachan and Maison Pichon for defence and further secured these
localities by throwing up entrenchments in front. The artillery
of the Vlth Army Corps, of which towards the middle of
October the 11th Division occupied the eastern, the 12th the
western section,t endeavoured to destroy these works but in vain.
The enemy answered every such attempt by a vigorous fire from
his long-ranging fortress cannon upon the German outposts.

By the arrival of the Xlth and of the Isb Bavarian Corps tlie
troops in the southern section of investment before Paris had
received an important accession of strength ; but the appeanmce
of a new French field army on the Loire led as early as tlie 6th
October to the resolution to employ the 1st Bavarian Corps and
the 22Qd Division for defence in that direction.t An early
replacement of these troops now leaving was however secured by
bringing up the 17th Division and the Guard Landwehr Division
in accordance with the orders of the royal headquarters of the
29th September.

The infantry brigades of the 1 7th Division on the march to
Soissons and Chalons, the 18th Dragoons and the four field
batteries, now assembled on the 7th October at Coulommiers§
and relieved fi'om Villecresues on the 10th the troops of the Xlth
Corps still left between Bonneuil and the Seine. In the follow-
ing days the 33rd Brigade took up its position on the right,
the 34th on the left wing ; the 11th Lancers, following with the
horse artilleiy batteries from Reims, occupied quarters in the
neighbourhood of Villecresnes on the 18th.

The 21st Division and the Corps Artillery, Xlth Army Coi^ps,

* Formerly Guilhem's Brip^ndc.

t Up to this time the Divisions had been one in rear of the other. Sec Part II.*
pp. 106-7.

X Farther details vriW be priven of this on a subsequent occasion.

§ .3drd Infantr}- Brigade, 5th and 6th light batteries on the march from ChAlons
to Soissons ; 84th Infantr}' Brigade (including the 14th Rifle battalion but irithout

the -^-r- le^t to garrison Toul), 18th Dragoons, 5th and 6th heavy and 3rd H. A.

battery, pioneer company and heavy reserve battery following from Toul to ChAlons.
See Part IL, pp. 69 and 61. The last-named battery reverted to the 2nd Landwehr
Division, to which the pioneer company was also assigned for the siege of Soissons.
The 8rd H. A. battery subsequently joined the 1 1th Lancers, which with the 1st H.A.
battery were at Beiran. The 1 7th Dragoons had been assigned to the 2nd Landwehr
Division.

117

had crossed to the left bank of the Seine immediately on being
i-elieved. The former occupied the ground between Meudon and
Sfevres, the main body being quartered at Chaville ; the Ooi'ps
Artillery was under shelter at Saclay,* the headquaiiiers moved
to Versailles. In the front, thus considerably curtailed, of the
Vth Army Corps, the 9th Division occupied the ground between
St. Cloud and the Fohlen-Koppel, while the 10th concentrated
towards the left wing. The attempt to reduce to ashes the
village of Rueil lying in front of the latter was unsuccessful owing
to the strong material of which the houses were built ; on the
other hand on the 13th October the French from Mont Valerien
set on fire the palace of St. Cloud, which in consequence of the
prevailing wind was so rapidly consumed by the flames that only
a small portion of the works of art in the place could be saved.

The Guard Landwehr Division placed under the commander-in-
chief of the Ilird Army, and the arrival of which from Strassburg
had been considerably delayed by interruptions in the trafKc on
the newly opened line of mil west of Nancy, reached the left
bank of the Seine by succe&sive echelons from Nanteuil sur
Mame by way of Coulommiers ahd Corbeil. The 1st Guard
Landwehr Regiment passed through Versailles on the 16th
October, occupied St. Germain en Laye and despatched a
battalion to Port Marly, which for the future also guarded the
bridge at Les Tanneries. The rest of the Division gradually
assembled between the 18th and 23rd October in the neigh-
bourhood of Longjumeau and likewise moved an the 30th to
St. Germain en Laye.

The royal headquarters had been transferred on the 5th October
from Ferriferes to Versailles, where His Majesty the King took up
his residence in the buildings of the Frefecture.t

ENGAGE31EXT AT BaQNEUX ON THE 13tH OOTODER.

The movements of troops within the rayon of the Ilird Anny
observed since the close of the first week in October led the
French Commander-in-Chief to believe that a serious attack on
Paris was in preparation. But as this impression was not con-
firmed in the next few days, and as news now amved of engage-
ments on the Orleans road, which led rather to the inference
that German troops were leaving for that quarter, General Vinoy
received orders on the night of the 12th-13th October to obtain
definite information with regard to the positions of the invest-
ing army towards that side by a reconnaissance in force. This
ofiicer resolved in consequence to advance at 9 a.m. with two

* In place of the 5th light battery which had left with the S2nd DiTision the 4th
heavy batteiy was transferred to the corpa artillery.
t The palace there served as a field hospital.

lib

columns upon Bagneuz and Ch&tiUon, which were to be covered
on the left by a brigade posted towards Bourg la Heine, and on
the right by demonstrations in the direction of Clamart and
Fleury. Indusive of Dumoulin's Brigade, brought up from
Hautes Bruyeres to Montrouge, the strength of the force
appointed for the sortie amounted to about 25,000 men and
80 guns.

The attack was thus directed against the position occupied by
the Ilnd Bavarian Corps between the Bievre and the Bois de
Meudon.* At 8 a.m. the outposts of tlie 4th Division remarked
that troops were assembling in rear of the enemy's nearest
entrenchments on the right bank of the Bievre and also behind
Fort Yanves, and that some battalions were advancing along the
Montrouge road past La Orange Or}\ Patrols which were sent
towards the latter, reported the presence of considerable bodies of
troops to the north of Maison Pichon, and movements from thence
in the direction of Bagneux. At 9 o'clock Forts Montrouge,
Yanves,. and Issy opened a brisk artillery fire upon the foremost
line of works of the Ilnd Bavarian Corps, which were partially
destroyed ; two French field batteries, west of the high road just
mentioned, shortly commenced firing more especially in the
direction of Bagneux and Ch&tillon. Detachments of infantry
ensconced themselves at the railway cutting intersecting this
road, and, supported by the heavy guns from Fort BicStre and
the Hautes Bruyeres redoubt, maintained a delaying musketry
action with the Bavarian advanced troops posted at Bourg la Reine.
Protected in this way on the left fiank, three battalions of
Gai*de Mobile attached to Mariouse's Brigade advanced from
Maison Pichon upon Bagneux, whilst a fourth endeavoured to
outflank this village on the south-east, and the 35th Regiment of
the Line deployed at La Grange Ory.

After the foremost battalions of the 4th Bavarian Division
had on the first reports of the enemy's appearancef advanced into
the line of defence assigned to them, the remainder of this
Division had also during the course of the forenoon placed itself
in readiness for action. The 7th Brigade concentrated at Croix
do Bemis, and in order to establish connection with the main
body of the 8th Brigade at Sceaux pushed forward tlie 2ud
Regiment as fai' as the northern border of the park at that
place. The 0th G-pr. battery 4th Artillery Regiment unlimbered
on the tramway east of Sceaux, whence the 3rd battalion 14tli
Regiment moved forward to Bagneux in support of tlie 5th
Rifle battalion. The artillery reserve quartered in the rayon
of the Division was assembled at Chatenay.

* See Part II., p. 107.

t Of the 7th Brigade, the 1st battalion, 9th Regiment with two guns of the 5tli
6-pr. batterj, 4th Artillery Begiment was at the outposts between the Bievre and
Bagneux, immediately in rear was the 2nd battalion, 9th Begiment at Bourg la Beine.
Of the 8th Brigade, the 5th Bifle battalion was at Bagneux, the drd battalion 1st
Begiment at Chitillon, the 3rd battalion 5th Begiment at Fontenay auz Boses.

119

Meanwhile the three battalions of f]rench Garde Mobile first
mentioned had pushed forward as far as the cross- roads in the
interior of Bagneux, where the Bavarian liiiemen, with the aid
of the 10th company 3th Regiment hurrying up &om Fontenay,
had some difficulty in holding their gi'ound. The fourth Garde
Mobile battalion on the enemy's left wing, in spite of the flank-
ing fire from the Bavarian detachments at the railway embank-
ment near Bourg la. Heine, had captured some isolated houses on
the south-east slope of the hill. When at 1 1 a.m» a battalion of the
S5th Begiment of the French Line took part in the struggle
round Bagneuz, and the other two battalions of this regiment
advanced west of the village, the defenders of the latter withdrew
to a supporting position on either side of the Fontenay Boad
which had been meanwhile occupied by the 3rd battalion 14th
Begiment ; half an hour later three companies of the 10th Bifle
battalion reached the same place. The vigorous resistance of
these troops and an efiective flanking tire &om Ch&tillon prevented
any further advance of the enemy, who on his side now com-
menced to strengthen himself at Bagneux. In rear of the village
was Dumoulin's Brigade drawn in from Montrouge; further
eastward at Maison Pichon, fronting Boui^ la Beine, was
Charridre's Brigade, whicli had, however, undertaken no attack
against the latter place.

At 1.30 p.m. the Bavarian Divisional Commander, Lieut-
General Count v. Bothmer, ordered the 1st battalion, 5th Begi-
ment, to move forward to the Sceaux railway station and conjointly
with the 2nd to take part in the struggle round Bagneux.
Whilst the 6th and 7th companies advanced from their position
in the park along the railway embankment and skirmished with
the enemy's troops deployed near Maison Pichon, the 1st battalion
scaled the height south-east of Bagneux, where it first recaptured
the previously mentioned isolated buildings, and then, after
overwhelming the French reserves with volleys and file-fire,
forced its way into the village. At this same moment Lieut.-
Colonel V. Heckel had also led forward the detachments assembled
on either side of the Fontenay road* towards Bagneux, tumiug
at the same time the village on the west with the 10th Bifle
battalion. Casting aside the barricades and other obstacles erected
by the French, the Bavarians, after a protracted struggle in the
northern part of the village against the obstinate resistance of the
adversary, gradually succeeded in making headway.

During these proceedings on the north-east slope of the Moulin
de la Tour plateau the enemy had also attacked the left wing of
the 4th Division. Against this Susbielle's Brigade, under cover
of the field artillery which had been in action near Fort Vanves
since 9 a.m., had advanced in two columns. A company of chasseurs
accompanied by two battalions de marche had moved from

♦ 5th Rifles ^^, 10th Rifles and detachments of l^^. See previous narrative.

120

Yanves in the direction of Ch&tilloD, occupied the nearest houses
of the place and commenced a brisk action with the 3rd battalion
Ist Bavarian Regiment deployed along its northern border ; in
rear of this battalion the 9th company 5th Regiment had arrived
from Fontenay. Two French field guns directed a vigorous case
fire at close range upon the defenders of a barricade erected across
the main street, whilst the pioneers at the same time broke through
the nearest houses, and two battalions of Oardo Mobile coming
from Montrouge, althoxigh vigorously fired upon in the left flank,
penetrated into the etist side of Ch&tillon. When detach-
ments of the 42nd French Line Regiment held in readiness at La
Baraque thereupon took part in this struggle, the Bavarians were
ultimately compelled to evacuate the barricade and to retire into
the south part of tlie village, where they maintained themselves
until five fresh companies of the 8th Brigade* hurried u]> to
their support from Sceaux and Bagneux. The struggle for the
possession of Ch&tillon now broke out with renewed vigour. The
Bavarians succeeded in gradually recapturing the localities pre-
viously abandoned and which the enemy had meanwhile arranged
for defence ; more especially were they successful in taking in
flank and rear the barricade occupied by the French at the
northern street of the village.

To the right of those detachments of Susbielle's Brigade which
had advanced towards Chatillon, two battalions of the 13th Regi-
ment de Marche had after occupying Clamart t ensconced them-
selves on the northern slopes of the Moulin de la Tour plateau.
The latter was kept under fire by several field batteries uulimbercd
at Clamart and other suitable points, as well as by the heavy
artillery of Foits Issy, Vanves, and Montrouge. A French
battalion despatched to Fleury covered the assailants' right fiauk
towards the Bois de Meudon.

On the Bavarian side the posts pushed forward to Clamart
had withdrawn on the approach of the French to the real de-
fensive ))osition, whose timely occupation by the advanced troops
of the 3rd Division stemmed the enemy's advance also at this
point. The loth Regiment held with two battalions the plateau,
with the third nn abattis in the Bois de Meudon^ while the 2nd
battalion 14>th Regiment occupied the copses south of Clamart;
two other companies of this regiment were in the oft<mentioncd
Moulin de la Tour redoubt. The remainder of the 6tli Brigade,
and the two battalions of the 7th Regiment drawn in from
Plessis Piquet, reinforced since 11 a.m. the foremost fighting
line, after that the main body of the 5th Infantry Brigade and a
Lancer Brigade had likewise reached the plateau from their
quarters in rear. In the gun emplacements at the edge of the

f
— -- — --^■_ — _ — _ „ — ^ _ __

, nth and 12th IstandSrd^^^^ _4th f^om Bagneux.

11 7 10th Rifles ^

t The fortificatious shown on plan 15 at the north end of Clamart were thrown
up at a later period by the Germans.

121

latter the oth G-pr. battery 2Dd Artillery Regiment maintained
a successful fire upon the field guns and the enemy's infantry
detachments seeking shelter on the hill side. The attempt to
bring more Bavarian batteries into action, failed however against
the superior power of the fortress artillery.

After General Vinoy had become convinced during the coui*se
of the struggle just described that the Germans were opposed
to him in considerable force at all points of the front of attack,
he caused the engagement to be broken off about 3 p.m. Under
protection of the brigade, left temporarily at Maison Pichon,
the battalions posted in rear of Bagneux took the direction
of Hautes Bniyeres. The detachments which had forced their
way into Biigneux first broke down V* park-wall which projects
towaixis the north-east, and afterwards, followed by the fire of the
Bavarians, whose further advance they however repulsed^ with-
drew to Montrouge, whilst the troops of the French right wing
marched away from Chd>tillon and Clamart to Yanves. When
darkness set in, the last detachments of infantry disappeared
in rear of the line of foi*ts. The Bavarians thereupon reoccupied
for the most part their previous outpost positions and quarters,
increasing^ however, at the same time the garrison at Bagneux to
two battalions.

The losses of the French in the action of the 13th October
amounted to 400 men ; the losses of the Ilnd Bavarian Corps
were approximately tlie same. On the following day an armistice
of six hours for the purpose of burpng the dead was mutually
agreed upon at this section of the line of investment.

Engagement at La Maluaison ox the 21st Octobku.

As after the sortie just described the conviction gained more
and more ground in Paris that the Germans would not make an
attack in force, but that it was intended to reduce the capital by
stai-vation, the French generals now took seriously into con-
sideration the question of an attempt to break through the line.
The plateau of Villejuif, the advanced position at Joinville, the
plain to the north-west of St. Denis and the GenneviUiers
peninsula, proved on closer examination to be the most suitable
points of departure for such an enterpiisc, bec<mse in all the
other sections before Paris the commanding heights with the
strong fortifications erected by the Germans opposed almost
insurmountable diificulties. Moreover the fact had to be borne
in mind that, being debaiTed under any circumstances from
bringing their transport with them, they must lead the sallying
army as soon as possible into some district, the resoiux^es of
which, while in secure communication with the sea, had not
yet been exhausted. The French commanders, for these
reasons, gave the preference for sortie to the last-mentioned

122

direction, and proposed that after crossing the Seine at Carri^res
and Bczons an advance should be made towards the ridge on the
north side of the Argenteuil peninsula, which, was at the same
time to be attacked by other troops from St. Denis. In the
event of success, the march was to Ije at once continued by way
of Pontoise to llouen, the Loire Army was to be brought by rail
to Normandy through Lo Mans, and by this means a force of
250,000 men was to be assembled in the neighbourhood of the
west coast.

Whilst this extensive undertaking was now put in train with
idl the secrecy possible, the more frequent appearance of the
German outposts at Rucil claused apprehension lest the line of
investment should be pushed forward as far as the Gennevil-
liers peninsula, and the sortie by way of Bezons thereby rendered
much more difficult. General Ducrot, therefore, resolved to
drive from its foremost positions the Yth Army Corps immediately
opposed to him, and then to throw up at Moulin des Gibets, on the
lower western slope of Mont Yalerieu, an entrenchment com-
manding the Seine valley as far as La Malmaison, Chatou, and
Carrieres St. Denis. After repeated reconnaissances by the supreme
commanders of the ground in front of Mont Yalericn, the ar-
rangements for tlio attack were made known on the 20th October.
In accordance therewith, two columns were to advance on the
following day from the north and east against La Malmaison, a
third against Chateau Buzanval, while a fourth was to undertake
the pi-otection of the left flank towards St Cloud. Besides these
a special reserve to the south of Nanterre was to hold itself in
i*oadiness to take part. The total strength of these troops
amounted to 10,000 men with 120 field guns.

At 8.30 aon. on the 21st Fort Yalerien first opened a brisk fire
upon the ground to the south-west of Bueil and upon the
parties working at the entrenchments in the front line of the
Yth Army Corps. After hoisting tlie battle signal on the flag-
staff of the fort, the field artilleiT of the five French sortie
columns, undei* tlie direction of General Boissonnet, opened
fire at 1 p.m. : three batteries unlimbered on either side of
Reuil, three between the Fouilleusc and Briqueterie fermsteads
whilst eight batteries formed a second line of guns on the broad
central spur of Mont Yalericn. Whilst the whole of these
batteries in conjunction with the guns of the last-named fort
once more brought their fire to bear upon La Malmaison and
Bougival, the French infantry commenced their offensive move-
ments in the third horn* of the afternoon. The column on the
right wing under General Berthaiit pushed forward to the west
border of Rueil, and with the fi^nctu*eurs as far as the park of
La Malmaison. The troops of Genei*al Noel, assembled in rear
of Richelieu Park, deployed north of the Bois de Buzanval a
line of skirmishers east of the Cucusa ravine, whilst Colonel
ChoUeton s colunm moved forward iix)m Maison Crochard against
Chateau Buzanval. With the column on tlie left wing General

Martenot at this time reached Briqueterie, while the reserve
under General Paturel arrived at Moulin des Gibets.*

That an attack on the part of the enemy was in preparation
had been noticed for some days past by the watch post^ of
the Vth Army Corps at La Jonchfere. Shoi-tly after midday on
the 21st the outposts reported the advance of French troops
from Mont Yal^rien. General v. Kirchbach, commanding the
Corps, caused his troops in consequence to get under arms and
proceeded in person to La Celle St. Cloud.

The Vth Corps had, as previously stated, concentrated on the
left wing towards the middle of the month, in consequence of
the arrival of the 21st Division at Meudon and Sevres. f In the
position occupied by the 10th Division, against which the enemy
was directing his real attack, the 19th Brigade occupied this
day the front line. The 6 th Regiment was at La Celle St. Cloud
and with the 1st battalion at the outposts between the Fohlen
Koppel and La Jonch^re. Further on the left the fusilier
battalion, 46th Regiment, held with the 9th company the farm-
stead just mentioned, with the 10th and 11th occupied Villa
Mettemich, whilst the 12th company posted in rear of the
barricade at the eastern entrance to Bougival had pushed for-
ward a small party into the park of La Malmaison. The other
two battalions, the 4th squadron 14th Dragoons and the 5th
heavy battery were at Bougival.J

The Ist company, 46tli Regiment while relieving the post
in La Malmaison park came into collision with the French
infantry advancing through Rueil and, maintaining a delaying
musketry action, retired slowly before them. By order of the
Divisional Commander the whole of the companies available at
Bougival and La Celle St. Cloud now gradually occupied a

* Distzibation for battle of the French troops: —
(1.) General Berthaut's colunm. (2.) General Noel's column.

2 battalions. Garde Mobile of the Seine I Franctireurs of Mout Val^rien.

and Mame. Tirailleurs of the Seine.

2 battalions Zouaves. 1 battalion Garde Mobile of the Lower
1 battalion S6th Infantry Regiment | Loire.

t, Garde Mobile of Morbihan. 6 companies Foot Cba^^^eurs.

3 companies Franctireurs of Paris.

3 batteries and 2 mitrailleuses.

1 squadron Gendarmerie.

(3.) Colonel ChoUeton's column.

Franctireurs of the 1st Division.
»> ft 2nd „

2 battalions 19th Regiment de Marche.

Franctireurs of the Tcrncs.
Franctireurs of the Srd Division.

1 battery and 4 mitraiileusscs.

(4.) General Martenot's column.

2 battalions Garde Mobile of Isle and
Vilaine.

2 battalions Garde Mobile of the Seine.

3 batteries, of which one of mitrailleuses, i l battalion Garde Mobile of the Aisne.

: 3 batteries.

(5.) RescrTC.

4 battalions of Paturel's Brigade of the 14th Corps.

5 batteries, of which one a mitrailleuse battery.

With the Ist,- 2nd, and 3rd colunms there were altogether about a hundred sappers
and scouts (the latter from Franchetti's squadron mentioned in Fart II., p. 30).

t See Part II., p. 117.

X A division of this squadron of dragoons wa^ with the 6th Regiment at La Celle
St. Cloud.

12»

defeDsivc line, which supported its flank on the Seine to the
north of the former place and stretched across the height of
La Jonchere along the border of the wood as far as the Cucusa
ravine.* The 5th heavy battery at the Bougival barricade took
up the struggle with the far superior force of French field artil-
lery ; the 5th light battery moved into position at Metternich park,
but after a few rounds had to be again withdrawn. Further
to the south the outpost battalion of the Gth Regiment had
occupied the i-edoubts of La Celle St. Cloud and the " Empress*
Kiosk," wliere shortly the 20th Brigade also concentrated.
Three squadrons and two batteries of the 10th Division had
remained in the neighbourhood of Bellebat ; the main body of
the 9th Division was on tlie march from Versailles to Vau-
cresson.

The enemy's oflensive movement had been meanwhile continued.
Supported by the batteries deployed to the north-west of Rucil,
which had advanced to within 1 ,400 paces of Bougival and from
this new position kept up a fire upon the ground between the Seine
and the south of La Jonchere, four companies of Zouaves moved
forward at 3 p.m. from Rueil towards Bougival. When these came
under a brisk tire from the foremost line of defence of the Prus-
sians, they struck oft' to the left towards the park of La Malmaison
and forced their way through gaps rapidly made in the wall in
company with other parts of the attacking cohimns assembled
at Rueil. Following at the heels of the retiring posts of the 46th
Regiment, the French reachctl the west sido of the park. But
owing to the galling fire of the Prussians from the height of La
Jonchk-e only one Zouave company succeeded at first in forcing
its way across the valley and in taking up a position in a wooden
summer-house on the further slope of the hill, where it was
reinforced later by two other companies of Zouaves and some
detachments of Franctireurs. The remaining ti-oops of the
French right wing lined the wall of La Malmaison Park and the
eastern edge of the Cucusa valley ; further on the left were the
Franctireurs of the column which had proceeded towards Chd^teau
Buzanval, and which after occupying it without opposition had
likewise taken a westerly direction. There now ensued during the
fourth hour of the afternoon a standing musketry action along
the entire front, in which the French artillery also played a vigorous
part. Whilst one battery and four mitrailleuses took up a position
at the cross roads south of La Malmaison, another battery with

♦ The following were the positions: —

Between the Seine and the eastern entrance to Bongival — I — ' ^^\

On the height of La Jonchere as far as the " red pavilion," ^Oth, 11th, 6th, 8rd,

46
5th, 7th ^^^ 9th, 12th

46 6

At the edge of the wood as far as the Cucusa ravine ; ?^Mth ^^ ^th, 6th
** 46 6 •

T ^irii Tir ** -1 10th, nth, 7th, 8th.
In reserve at Villa Metternich, • ^ 1 —

125

two mitraiUeuses advanced through Forte du Longboyau into the
line of skirmishers on the left wing, for the purpose of supporting
the infantry in its sanguinary struggle against the Prussian 19th
Brigade.

Aj3 the latter wa^ at this time committed with all its troops in
the foremost fighting line, Lieut.-General v. Schmidt had brought
up fi*om the neighbourhood of La Celle St. Cloud the 50th
Regiment as reinforcement. The 1st battalion had advanced to
Villa Metternich, the 2nd in the direction of the Upper Cucusa
ravine, while the fusilier battalion liad gone into position in front
of the La Celle St, Cloud height.

As at 4 p.m. the force of the enemy's attack appeared to be
sufficiently broken by the Pnissian tire, Colonel v. Eberhardt,
commanding the 46th Regiment, ordered the detachments of the
left wing to advance from their positions. Five companies of the
19th Brigade, in concert with two Guard Landwehr companies
which had hastened up from the outpost position at St. Germain
en Laye,* dashed across the height of La Jonch^re and penetrated
from the south-west into La Malmaison park in spite of the stub-
bom resistance of the Zouaves. Other companiest moved simul-
t<'vneously from Bougival against the more northern part of the
park, and, after scaling the wall, against the chateau.

The enemy already exhausted by the preceding struggle was
unable to withstand this attack any longer and commenced his
retreat at all points. To cover it a battalion of Garde Mobile on
the right flank made a brief sally against the Prussians, whilst two
mitrailleuses posted on a terrace at the southern border of Rueil
brought their fire to bear upon the pursuers who followed as far
as this place. In order to facilitate the retreat from the park of
the closely packed French troops, a portion of the east wall had
been broken away shortly before.

On the more southerly part of the battle-field the 2nd battalion,
50th Regiment from a clearing in the wood east of the Cucusa
ravine had taken the direction of Porte du Longboyau. The
first line of the battalion, consisting of the 5th and 8th companies,
formed connection on leaving the wood with the right wing of
the 19th Brigade,} and in conjunction with it continued the
advance ngainst the enemy retiring also at this point. The skir-
mishers of the two just mentioned companies of the 50th Regiment
and detachments of the 6th company Gth Regiment, led by 1st
Lieutenant Michler, captured at this time two guns of the French
battery which had previously come into action at Porte du
Longboyau, their infantry escort havincr offered a vain resistance.
The 50th next occupied Chateau Buzanval and from thence

» 3rd, 5th, 7th 9th and 12th ^^^ 7th, 8th ,^^^ ^. and 9th. 10th

46 ' 0 ' ] St Guard Landwehr' 1st Guard Landwehr

were likewise adTancing from St. Germain en Laje, but were not emploj'ed.
. 6th, 8th, and parts of 12th

^ 46

^ 5th and 6th

120

maintained a fire upon the adversary retiring to the northward.
During the sixth hour of the afternoon the firing died away at
all points. The Prussian troops reoocupied their previous outpost
positions and quarters ; a desultory fire was alone kept up from
the heavy guns at Mount Yaldrien.*

In this sortie against the Yth Army Corps the French had lost
500 men killed and wounded ; upwards of 120 unwounded men
had been taken prisoners, chiefly during the retreat from La
Malmaison Park. The loss on the Prussian side amounted to
about 400 men.

In pursuance of the deliberations which had taken place at the
beginuing of September with regard to the proceeoUngs to be
adopted for the reduction of the French capital,t the supreme
German authorities had made arrangements towards the end
of the month for bringing up the siege train, which had in the
meantime been organised at home, by the line of railway which
the capture of Toul had now rendered available.

Generals v. Hindersin and v. Kleist,:}: who during the last days
of September had made detailed reconnaissances in the neigh-
bourhood of Paris, were unanimous in their opinion that a
mere bombardment of the widely spreading city would not lead
to an early surrender. There was, therefore, much in favour of
an attack in form, which with a simultaneous advance upon
the north-west front of the fortress and a suitable demonstration
against Fort Montrouge, should be mainly directed against Forts
I^ and Yanves, and, after the fall of iJiese two works, against
that part of the enceinte lying in their rear. It was at the
same time prominently set forth that the bombardment should
not commence until a sufficiency of guns and ammunition had
reached the spot, so that when the firing was once opened it
should be continued with unremitting energy. §

After this general plan had been approved, the execution of
which devolved in the south upon the Ilird Army, in the north-
west upon the Army of the Meuse, a commander of siege artillery
and a commanding engineer were appointed on the 9th and 10th
October for each of the two fronts of attack.

As regards sites for siege batteries there were favourable points
to the south of Paris on the heights of Meudon, Clamart, and
Moulin de la Tour, which had a command of 60 to 75 metres over
the works to be bombarded. A formidable battery at St. Cloud
was to cover the left wing of the main attack and was to engage
more particularly the Frencli guns at Billancourt as well as that
part of the enceinte near Le Point du Jour. On the right wing

* Opposite the positions of the 9 th Diyision only a weak French detachment had
shown itself ; it was driven o£f hy the fire of patrols sent forward to meet it.

t See Part II., pp. 82-33.

t See Part I., Appendix V., p. 27*.

§ The tti'o generals made their first report from Lagny on the 30th September,
followed by a special project of attack in the besrinniug of October.

127

circumstances forbade the batteries intended to act against
Fort Montrouge from proceeding at first beyond Bagneux, for
fear of exposing them to flanking fire from the enemy's works
recently erected between Cachan and Bagneux. On the German
side it was hoped that these redoubts and the fortifications at
Villejuif would be held in check by batteries at L'B[ay and
CheviUy, while 92 siege guns in all could be brought into
action against Forts Issy, Yanves, Montrouge^ and some possible
intermediate batteries. From the previous behaviour of the artillerj''
of the fortress it might certainly be anticipated that during the
first period of attack that portion of the siege batteries which
were crowded on the Moulin de la Tour plateau would bo
exposed to the defender's superior and converging fire.

In order to prepare the intended bombardment of the north-
west enceinte and of the works of St. Denis, and at the same
time to form on the Lower Seine a more secure connexion
between the Ilird and Meuse Armies, the latter was ordered at
the end of September to throw forward its i-ight flank on to
the Gennevilliers peninsula.* Such an extension, which, in con-
sequence of the obstacle formed by the damming of the Horde
brook, was permissible without weakening to a serious extent
any part of the line of investment, and at tlie same time being in
unison with the general plan of attack would have facilitated
a converging artillery fire upon the works of St. Denis, had
also been contemplated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Army
of the Meuse. But as the reconnaissances had shown that,
in view of the fortress artilleiy commanding the peninsula in
question, its occupation would have entailed considerable sacri-
fices, the Commander-in-Chief considered that pending the
arrival of the siege gims he should limit his proceedings to
pushing forward his ri<::ht towards the west, so as to be able
to occupy the Franconville heights with a strong reserve, in the
event of the French endeavouring to break through in the
direction of Bezons and ArgenteuH. In order to discuss the
matter by word of mouth the chief of the staff, General v.
Schlotheim, proceeded on the 2nd October to the headquarters at
Versailles. The latter in consequence temporarily suspended
the above-mentioned order, but still maintained that everything
necessaiy should be prepared for a subsequent movement to the
Genneviilers peninsula while at the same time every effort
should be made to prevent the enemy from establishing himself
upon it.

The IVth Ai'my Corps now despatched in the first instance
another battalion and two batteries to Argenteuil,t and caused
earthworks to be thrown up for the latter on the slope of
the heights abutting to the north-east, and in the low ground
at Lo Marais. The village of Epinai St. Denis, likewise occupied

• See note J, Part II., p. 33.
t See Part II., p. 100.

128

and strengthened for the protection of the batteries, was in con-
nexion on the left with the outpost position at Ormesson. In
the event of it being necessary to cross the Seine the pontoon
columns of the IVth and Guard Corps were assembled at
Sannois, while river craft and casks were collected at Ch&teau
Le Marais. For the protection of the site at which it was
in contemplation to effect tiic passage, a river barricade with
torpedoes was placed ; this was followed by the complete de-
struction of the bridges over the Seine at Aigenteuil and below
Bezons, which h<id already been blown up.

The movement to the right of the Army of the Meuse resolved
upon for the reasons just stated had been so far carried out by
the 11th October, tliat tlic Xllth Coq>.s liad extended itself as
far as the Sauffet brook, the Guard Corps as far as Graulay ;
the IVth now occupied the Argenteuil peninsula with a whole
brigade of the 8tli Division, whilst the remainder of this
Division was quartered between Sannois and the lake of Enghien.
The 7th Division occupied quarters on the south-west slope of
the Montmorency heights, the corps artillery at Sannois and
Ermont. The line of outposts of the IVth Anny Cori>s extended
from Croissy past the villages on the Seine as far as Epinai, all
of which were occupied by a strong line of advanced troops, and
from thence by way of Ormesson to Les Carnaux. The head-
quarters proceeded to Soisy.

The 1st Guard Division occupied the villages on the east slope
of the Montmorency heights to the further side of the Ecouen-
Paris road, the 2nd Guard Division the country abutting to the
east of tlie Croud and Morde brooks as far as Vaudherland and Le
Blanc Mesnil. Some battalions of the former occupied Montmagny
and Pierrefitte ; from thence the line of outposts of the Guard
Corps extended as before througli Stains to Le Bourget, and
then along the railway as far as the neighbourhood of Aulnay
les Bondy. In rear of the company posted at Le Bourget there
was a battalion in barracks at Pont Iblon. The headquarters of
the Guard Corps were at Gonesse, further to the rear the
Corps Artillery ; the 1st and 3rd Guard Cavalry Brigades were
at Roissy and Tremblay.

In the pi*esent rayon of the Xllth Army Corps between
the Sauftet brook and the Mame, the front of the 23rd Division
extended from Aulnay les Bondy to Livry, that of the 24th
from Clichy to Chelles. West of this line detachments of
infantry were in readiness to support the outposts, in whose
general position no change had taken place.* The headquarters
had remained in Le Vert Galant ; the Coi^ps Artillery was
further to the east, abreast of Villeparisis. The Crown Prince of
Saxony had taken up his headquarters at Margency on the
8th October.

On the French side the ]>ositions which had been abandoned on
the Gennevilliers peninsulaf at the beginning of the investment

• Sec Part II., p. 102.
t See Tartll., p. 27.

129

were reoccupied during the course of October. A numerous
artillery crowned the heights between Puteauz and Asniferes.
Several battalions commanded from the latter place with their
advanced troops the country between Courbevoie and Yilleneuve
la Qarenne. The entrenchments left unfinished on the peninsula
were completed, armed with artillery (and occupied by Zouaves.
Outposts stood at Nanterre and to the south-east of Argenteuil
closely facing the German line of investment ; recozmaissances
had also been made daily since the middle of October in the
direction of the latter place. As the Prussian field batteries at
Argenteuil were far from being able to cope with the enemy's
artillery deployed on both banks of the Seine over the whole area
between Mont Yal^rien and St. Denis^* they were withdrawn to
Sannois, the collected bridge material to Sartrouville ; only the
infantry retained their positions at the south-east border of the
Argenteuil peninsula.

As the artilleiy attack on the north-west front of Paris and
the passage of the Seine at Argenteuil, contemplated with a view
to the construction of flanking siege batteries, was now entirely
abandoned by the Germans, the headquarters staff of the Army of
the Meuse in lieu thereof now took into consideration an advance
against the north side of St. Denis. It was the intention to
capture in the first place Fort de la Briche by a formal attack,
then the Double Ci'own by the gorge, and after this to erect
batteries at St. Denis, with which Fort de I'Est and the positions
of the enemy at St. Ouen and on the (3ennevilliers peninsula
were to be combated. The want of siege artillery in the northern
line of investment did not, however, permit this project being
put into execution at present.

Actions at Lb Bourgbt on the 28th and 30th Gotobxb.

The Guard Corpsi had proceeded undisturbed with their works
of fortification in the ground to the north of Paris until nearly
the end of October, the enemy in their front, with the exception
of some unimportant skirmishes, displaying but little watchfulness
or activity.! On the evening of the 27th, however, the French
commenced to throw up earth entrenchments about 800 paces in
front of the outer line of the Guard Corps. About 5 a.m. on the
28th, when the 7th company Queen's Grenadier Regiment of the
Guard had just taken up its outpost position at Le Bourget, the
picket posted on the Paris road was suddenly overwhelmed
with a heavy file-fire. Under cover of the darkness the

* The Prussian batteries on the Orgemont had on the 8th October driven away
by their fire the French workmen from the GenneyilUers entrenchments, but after-
wards, in accordance with orders, had quitted their positions in consequence of the
fire of the adyersary's heavy artillery at St. Ouen.

t Thirty-five railway waggons left at Le Bourget station were on the night of the
14th-l5th October pushed to Sovran by men of the Guard and Xllth Corps without
opposition from the enemy.

41648. r

130

French General Bellemare was leading the Volunteer Corps of
tbo Press against this isolated advanced post of the line of
investment;* a battalion of the Garde Mobile and two line
battalions followed later in support, while two heavy guns at
La Coumeuve covered the left flank of the advancing troops.

The company thus unexpectedly assailed collected in the
northern part of the village, whilst the adversary followed at
first slowly and with caution, but at daybreak pressed forward
with greater energy and at the same time surrounded the place
on the north-west. When the weak Prussian detachment with-
drew in consequence to Le Blanc Mesnil and Pont Iblon, the
French on their part ensconced themselves in Le Bourget, and
in accordance with the orders of their general at once proceeded
to fortify it. Some guns, unlimbering to the west of the village
and to the north of La Coiuiieuve, directed their fire upon Pont
Iblon, imtil they were reduced to silence by the superior effect of
the batteries of the Guard^f which had meanwhile assembled
at the latter place. On the other hand, after 10 a.m., the heavy
guns in the fortifications of St. Denis took up the struggle with
tlie Prussian artillery at Pont Iblon^ which ceased firing at 4 p.m.
by superior orders.

Li order to obtain information with regard to the strength of
the adversary who had penetrated into Le Bourget, and if
possible to reoccupy the village^ the commander of the 2nd Guard
Division that same evening ordered the 2nd battaJion Emperor
Francis' Regiment, which he brought up from Bonneuil to Point
IbloD, to advance against that pla^. The battalion moved off at
half-past 7 o'clock with two companies along the main road,
whilst the other two companies made for the side entrances to
the village. The enemy^ who had meanwhile thoroughly prepared
the latter for defence^ barricaded the roads and provided the walls
of its northern border with loop holes, received the Grenadiers of
tlie Guard with a brisk fire at close range, and compelled them to
retire to Pont Iblon with considerable loss.

The intention of the French to maintain the captured post
having thus become distinctly evident, a further attempt was
next made by the Prussians to drive them out again with
artillery fire. By order of the head-quarters of the Guard Corps,
30 guns from the positions behind Pont Iblon maintained in the
forenoon of the 29th a brisk fire for some hours upon Le Bourget^
but without attaining the expected result, as the adversary
found sufficient protection behind tlie strong walls of the village.
On the other hand an attack made at 3 p.m. from Fort Double
Couronne against Pierrefitte and Villetaneuse failed against the
resistance of the advanced troops of the 1st Guard Division.!
The Crown Prince of Saxony, who for reasons already stated

* The ** Franctireurs of the Press " belonged to the volanteer corps mentioned in
Fart II., p. 30, formed in the capital of men of different occupations.

t fith heavy battery and the horse artillery division under escort of the f osilicr
battalion Qneen's licgimcnt.

X Farts of the Ist Ga:ird oxid Guard Fusilier Regiments.

131

WAS anxious to prevent the French at all hazards from esta-
blishing themselves in Le Boarget, had already on the afternoon
of the 28th explained to the staff of the Guard Coi'ps tliat the
recapture of Le Bourget was a matter of great importance.
When the headquarters' staff, after the failure of the artillery
bombardment on the afternoon*of the 29th, now sought to main-
tain the opinion that Le Bourget could with difficulty be per-
manently held by the Germans under the fire of the works at St.
Denis, and therefore that they should abstain from any further
enterprises against the village, the Crown Prince gave an express
order to attack. Its execution was entrusted on the part of the
Guard Corps to Lieut.-General v. Budritzki.

The force selected for this undertaking, consisting of nine bat-
talions of the 2nd Guard Division,* the three horse artillery bat-
teries and two field batteries of the Corps Artillery, assembled on
the morning of the 30th October at Dugny, Pont Iblon, and Le
Blanc Mesml for an enveloping attack on Le Bourget ; in rear
of the right wing stood in addition the 1st Gus^ In&ntry
Brigade with the artillery of the 2nd Guard Division at Garges
and Amouville, in order to resist any offensive movement of
the enemy along the other bank of the Croud brook. The troops
of the 23rd Division quartered to the north of the Ourcq canal
were likewise held in readiness to take part.

At 8 a.m. the horse artillery batteries of the Guard at Pont
Iblon and the two field batteries at Le Blanc Mesnil, opened fire
upon Le Bourget ; at the same moment the column on the left
wing commenced its march from Le Blanc MesniL Half an
hour later the other two columns broke up from Dugny and
Pont Iblon ; f with the latter was General v. Budritzki.

The jnrrenadier battalions of Queen Elizabeth's Regiment,
which formed the first line of the centre column of attack,
were met during their advance across the perfectly open ground
on either side of the high road by a vigorous fire from Le Bourget
and the forts. They however by an energetic advance gained
the northern border of the village, and towards 9 o'clock
forced their way into it over the street barricade at the
north entrance, and by several openings in the wall which

* The other foar battalioxiB remained in the outpOBt positions of the Division,
f Eight. Centre (main). Left.

^^■«

Column of attack.

From Dagny.

Commander: Major v.
DerenthalL

Ilnd. and Fusilier.
Emperor Francis' Kcgt.

1 division 2nd Guard
Lancers.

From Font Iblon.

Commander: Colonel
Count V. Kanltz.

1st., Ilnd.. Fusilier
Queen Elizabeth's Regt.
Fusiliers 2nd

Queen's liegt. Guard Pion.

^ squadron 2nd puard

Lancers.
1st, 2nd, and 3rd horse

artillery battcrici!.

From Le Blanc MesniL

Conunandcr: Colonel v.
Zeuner.

Ist. and Ilud.

Emperor Alexander's liegt.

1st, 2nd and ^ 4th.

{Sharpshooters of the Guard.

1 division Guard Lancers.
4th heavy and 4th li^rht

batteries and a division

of pioneci's.

I 2

132

were rapidly made by the pioneers. An extremely embittered
etreet fight, entailing great losses on each side, now commenced,
during which Colonel v. Zaluskowski, commanding Queen Eliza-
beth's Regiment, was mortally wounded. The 2nd and Stli
companies were engaged to the east of the main road ; the other
six companies penetrated by a gradual forward movement into
the western part of the village, and formed connexion in the
neighbourhood of the church with the battalions of the Emperor
Francis' Begiment, which had advanced from Dugny.

The latter had during their forward movement secured them -
selves by means of flanking parties* on the Mollette brook against
the French troops who had been discovered at La Courneuve b}''
the division of Lancers acting as scouts. The right wing of
the fusilier battalion had afterwards forced its way iuto the
park of Le Bourget, whilst Captain v. Obstfelder led forward
the 11th company against the barricaded entrance into the
village on that side, during the storming of which he met his
death. The 12th company had moved still further on the left
towards the church, aud stormed the windows, which were some
distance above the ground, in spite of the vigorous opposition of
the enemy, which was only overcome in the interior of the
building after a tough struggle. In conjunction with the six
grenadier companies of the Queen Elizabeth's Regiment arriving
from the north, the fusilier battalion Emperor Francis' Regiment,
fighting their way step by step, moved towards the southern-
most part of the village ; the 2nd battalion kept watch in the
cemetery and park towards the side of La Courneuve.

Still more stubbornly did the enemy defend himself in the
farmsteads east of the main road, which were surrounded with
high and strong walls. In support of the battalions which had
already penetrated into Le Bourget, the commander of the
Queen's Regiment, Colonel Count v. Waldersee, had led forward
the second Une of the central column of attack, of which he only
sent small partiesf to foUow the troops advancing victoriously
on the western side, whilst the main body moved towards
the eastern. The fusiliers of the Queen Elizabeth's Regiment
entered the village near the northern entrance, and in con-
junction with the 2nd and 8th companies gradually cleared the
farmsteads east of the road as far as abreast of the church. The
fusilier battalion Queen's Regiment, which in ti^aversing the open
ground in front of Le Bourget had already aufiered con-
siderably from the enemy's fire and had lost several ofiicer.s,
subsequently reached the village through the north-eastei*n
enclosure together with the 2nd and half the 4th company of
the Sharpshooters of the Guards The fight now commencing
in the bye streets led to fresh heavy losses ; Colonel Count v.

* The 6th and parts of the 10th compaDy.

. 9th J -* !• lOtli

t =7: — r— r — = and parts ol

Queen Elizabeth's liegt. Queen's Kegt

X Flanking detachment of left attacking column.

133

Waldersee,* and the leader of the battalion, Captain v. Trotha, fell
at the head of their fusiliei'S. Nevertheless, the joint efforts of the
assailant's companies, wliich had become for the most part mixed
up in the struggle, resulted in ground being gained on aU sides
in the northern main section of the village. At 10 a.m. the
enemy held only in considerable force the farmsteads abutting
on the park, although the troops of the Prussian left wing had
ibr some time past been in possession of the south part of the
place.

These troops had advanced from Le Blanc Mesnil on a broad
front against the east side of Le Bourget, and, supporting with
one and a half companies of the Sharpshooters of the Guard the
rear line of the central column of attack, had entered into the
struggle. The 1st and 5 th companies Emperor Alexander's
Regiment, which had moved southward as a left flanking party,
fell immediately after crossing the MoUette brook under fire of
French infantry who occupied the railway embankment in front,
and of some field guns unlimbered at Drancy; Forts Auber-
villiers and de TEst also came into action. The grenadiers
dashed at once upon the nearest enemy, resolutely drove
him from the railway embankment, and threw him back
partly to Le Bourget, pai-tly to Drancy. The other Prussian
troops, after crossing the MoUette brook under cover of the two
companies fronting southward, completed their wheel to the
right and then advanced to the attack of the southern part of
Le Bourget, where the sheep farm, situated close to the park
and strongly occupied by the enemy, formed the chief point of
support for the defence. The 1st company of the Sharpshootei^
of the Guard made their way through the park and captured
some houses south of the glass factory, and shortly also the
road barricade on the west side of the sheep farm just mentioned.
The 2nd smd 3rd companies Emperor Alexander's Regiment had
meanwhile advanced in the open ground north of the bye-road
from Drancy against the farmstead, whilst the 6th took up a
position in a house opposite the south-east angle of it ; furtiier
on the left the 4th stormed the building on the main road. The
sheep farm thus surrounded on all sides and briskly fired upon
was now captured by a general assault and occupied by three
companies ; the other two assembled outside the farmstead as
lighting reserve ; f isolated pai'ties followed the retreating
adversary to the southern issue from the village.

The latter was already in the hands of the extreme left wing of
the Prussians, which had advanced in that direction. After driving
off some guns posted at the railway, the 7th company Emperor
Alexander's Regiment had taken up a position in the railway
.station, the 8th in the factory abutting on the west and in the

'* This officer had only recently resumed command of the regiment after recovering
from his severe wound at St. Privat.
. 2nd and 3rd

Emperor Alexander's Regt.'

134

gasworks. The enemy still lioldiug out between these places
and the sheep farm, and firing tov/ards the village street,
sun*endered, several buildings which had served him for protec-
tion having been meanwhile set on fire.

On the French side a further attempt was made at 9.30 a.m.
to support the troops at Le Bourget* from AuberviUiei-s, and
from I>rancy which had been likewise this day occupied. But
the detachments of the Emperor Alexander's Regiment posted at
tlie railway embankment and in the southernmost part of Lc
Bourget> aided by the companies left in reserve at the sheep
farm and the two field batteries meanwhile drawn forward from
Le Blanc Mesnil to the MoUette brook,t succeeded in repulsing
with effect the enemy's assaults. The well-directed fire of the
two batteries indeed caused the French to evacuate Drancy.

By 10 a.m. that part of Le Bourget south of the Mollette
brook was thus in uncontested possession of the Prussians. But
as the enemy held out as heretofore in the localities abutting on
the park to the north of the brook, the column of the left wing
now received orders to advance from the south against that part
of the village still defended by the enemy, and to bring the
struggle to a decision. The 4th company Emperor Alexander's
Regiment crossed the brook and attacked a large farm, in which
the main forces of the French had congregated. With the
helping co-operation of a detachment of pioneers, which broke
through the enclosing walls, the Prussian grenadiers forced
their way into this farmstead, the garrison of which was only
overcome after a stubborn figlit with butt and bayonet. The
French Colonel de Baroche here met his death.

Although all three columns of attack had thus joined hands
at 11 a.m. in the interior of Le Bourget, the enemy's resistance
was not yet entu*ely broken. Some isolated detachments re-
maining in the houses and gardens continued the struggle with
increased bitterness into the first hour of the afternoon, whilst
the forts of St. Denis, Aubervilliers, Romainville, and Noisy,
overwhelmed with shell the village re-captured by the Prussians.
General v. Budritzki, after the struggle was entirely at an end, left
therefore only the two battalions of the Emperor Francis' Regiment
as garrison in Le Bourget. The other troops moved off at 1.30 p.m.
by companies to their previous quaiirers, covered by the two
field batteries which drew the enemy's artillery tire on themselves.
The 2nd Guard Division had purchased the victory with a loss
of about 500 men, but had captured upwards of 1,200 prisoners
from the eneni}'. J Still more heavily fell the blow of this defeat
on the jiopulation of Paris. In consideration of the high value

* AcconiiDpf to General l>ucrotV, " La Defense de Paris *' there were in Le Bourget
on tlio morniiur of the 30th the Franciireurs of tlie Press, two battalions of GanU-
Mobile and parts of several liegimcMts (U- r^larche. altogether about eiffht battalion- .

t Consequently _l!iiii!l» j"Ji!'_l^l'».-"^? -^^ . , 4th heavvand 4th light batterio-.

JbiUiperor Alexander s Kegimcut

t Ko trustworthy data with regard to th6 losses of the French in killed and wounded

arc accessible.

185

whicb^ to judge from their desperate resiBtanoe/ the French
appeared to attach to the poeseseion of Le Bootget, this viliafle
remained henceforward in the occapation of two Imttalione of the
ProBsian Guard* These were, if neoeasary, to be supported &cm,
the main position in rear, were it only for the purpose of pre-
Tenting hostile parties from re-establidiing themselves therein.
On the other hand, it was not the intention of the headquarters
to defend this adranoed post to the last, should a general sortie
be made against the positions of the Army of the Meuse.

The adversary's continuous offensive movements from Bondy
and Dt*ancy against the front of the Xllth Army Corps had also
led to some unimportant skirmishes in the month of October.*
At noon on the 80th the 2Srd Division, with a division of the
coi-ps artillery^ had by order from the Corps headquarters assem-
bled at Aulnay;in(Mrder,if required, to take part by way of Groday
Farm in the engagement just described at Le Bouiget^ for the
successful termmation of which, however, the forces of the 2nd
Goard Division were perfectly adequate. On the last day of the
month there occurred on the left wing of the Corps, at Maison
Blanche, a slight outpost engagement between the 12th Rifle
Battalion and tbeBth French It^giment de Marche, supported
by some volunteeia •

As regards the -rearwaid communications of the Illrd Army
and of the Army of the Meuse, the movements after the battleof
Sedan, the subsequent investment of • Paris, and the formation
oomraenced in August of Governments General in north-^eastem
France, liad caused considerable changes. An order issued from
the royal headquarters on the 13th September rq^olated th^ new
circumatances on the basis of the present situation.!

The main lines cf communication west of the Moselle were to
be as foUows : for the Illrd Army, the line of rail from Nancy
through Epemay ; for the Army of the Meuse, as a provisional
arrangement^ an extension further northward of the preTious
otappen road from Pont k Mousson to Clermont en Aigonne.

Even before the fiall of loul the railway, in the section west of
this fortress was so tax arranged for traffic that in a very few days
after its surrender the entire line from Weissenburg to Nogent
TArtaud could be handed over for the purpose. The reoonstruo-
tion of the tunnel at Nanteuil sur Marne, and of the bridges
over that river further to the west^ was diligently taken in hand,
iu order to transfer at an early date the terminal point of the
railway traffic as near as possible to tiie positions of the Germans
before Paris. This line of railway, which for the present was the

* Similar vkiraiishes took pliwe on the 23nd and 30th Sept4»iber,and on the Stb,
lOih, and 14th October.

t With regard to the previoaa communications of the German Annies and the
disuihotioii of all the etappen troops at the beginning of September, see PartL, Voi.S,
p. 456-469, and Appendix No. LXII.

186

only CDB ar^viiliUfl^ tnamnitted ikow not onty the irfiole of the
•torn ortlie:IIIrd Amy, bat also the IralJ^ inateiil fcr the
locmal attack iipoD -Pan^ iriik^ oomnflnoeiiient of

Ootobor, paxttr At the PraanaoL fortwaMai partly at Stnasboxg;
mmb'up by degreoa to Nanteuil aur ICania^ and i^om tlkeoea
irma forwazded with oonndanUe diflEmlty to the nem fMik at
TiUaooaUay along the f f nulee of ooontrf road thioogh
TilleDeiiFD St Geoxges.* MoreoYer the xaahray in ifaaation
brought np the comriiimariat auppliea for the Anny of the.
Meoae. iPor this latter object^ howoTer, the headqnarten ataff
had already oontemplated rendocing other rootea flradnally avwl-
aUe^ mora eflpedaDy that from Chllona through Bnoima to Mitry,
and on the 25th September had dren or£ra ftr the n^ge of
the IbitieeB of Sdaeona whidi alall barred thia branoh line.

Aa the protection of the oommnnicatuma within the rayon of
the Govemmente General now devolved in the main upon the
latter, a conaderable part of the previona etappen troopa was
pboed at the diapoaal of the Govemora GeneraL The Landwebr
battaliona whieh were atill nnder the ordem of the hmpedbon
General of Etappen of the lat and Ilnd Armiea protected the
abort linea of oommnnication between the Army at Mats and
the Gennan frontier, whilat the occapation of the diief linea of
traffic weat of the Govemmenta General of Lomine and Beima
fimned the duty of the etappen troopa of the Ilird and Heuae
Axmiea. The boundary between the two Govemmenta General
hat mentioned was as a temporary measure the line from Vitry
through Epemay to Mezidres. Ab oompenaation, although only
partiiS, £or the troops of whidi they had bMn deprived, the spheres
of duty of the Inspectors General of Etappen were cmctalled, while
all the battalions and cavahy r^pmentsf detailed tat etappen
duties received considerable reinforcements by order of His
Majesty the King.

The Inspector General of Etappen of the lUrd Army, follow-
ing the advance of the latter through Epernay and Coulommiers^
had since the 20th September ta^en ap hie pennanent h^-
qnarters at CorbeiL The troops under his orders protected with
detadied companies the laiger stations on the railway west of
Epemay. and the road from Lagny to Yilleneuve St Geoiges;
with other detachments the long etappen road from Epemay to
Oorbeil, on which the garrisons of Montmirail, Ooulommiers,
Touman, and Brie Oomte Robert were towards the end of Octob^
ronforoed to a strength of one battalion each in consequence
of the increasing ins6curity4 At Corbeil a permanent detachment
consisting of 4 battalions, 6 squadrons, 1 battery, and 2 pioneer
companies was posted for the protection of the Army Magazine

* Fortlier details trill be giTen in a sabseqnent section of this woik.

t Hie former were brought up to six eompanies, the latter to six squadrons. Ap-
pendix No. LXXII. contains a sammary of the GoTcrnment and Ktanpen trooos
according to the new distribatioa

} An eta|^»en road running fiirther south from Vitry thrtMigfa Sexsnne to Yaudoy
bad been reorganised since tbe 25th September.

137

at that place, and for employment if necessary against the bodies
of franctireurs, which appeared from all sides, and whose attacks
and surprises had threatened the etappen lines of the Ilird Army
iis early as the month of September.*

The headquarters of the Inspector General of Etappen of the
Meuse Army were at Dammartin, the present terminal point of
the etappen road. The latter at first ran through Nanteuil
le Haudouin, and Neuilly St. Front to Fismes, afterwards in a
curve bending still further northward by way of NeufchateJ,
Rethel, Vouziers, and Grand Prd to Clermont en Argonne, where
it joined the line of communication already existing to Font a
Mous8on.t The etappen troops were posted in single com-
panies and by divisions in the case of the hussars, partly in the
places just mentioned, partly on the old etappen roads in the
Meuse district ; 3^ companies were at Ch&teau Thierry.^ At
this station were mdoaded the railway trains intended for the
Army of the Meuse, the contents of which were then forwarded
to the army along the road through Lizy sur Ourcq, which was
also occupied by an etappen company. But towards the end of
October a complete change took place in these arrangements, as
the surrender of Soissons had meanwhile rendered it possible to
place in working order the previously mentioned branch line
from Ch&lons to Mitry, and to relinquish by degrees the previous
etappen roads.§

* Collisioiui of this nature had taken phiee in the beginning of September ut llaon
I'Etape, Baccarat, Void, and Trcveraj, on the 15th September at St. Dizier, on tho
29th even at Villeneave St. Georges.

' • t See Part I., Vol. 2, p. 465. Later on, the etappen road did not mtkke the detour
mentioned through Kcthel, but ran by the more direct line from Fismes through
Heims and Suippc to Clermont. Tho former direction wstti selected during the
advance from Sedan through Kethel as being the shortest connexion with the previous
etappen road.

t Up to the 6th October —.

* *^ 105

§ With the exception of the section between Soissons and Villers Ootterdts, which
was impassable on account of the tunnel being blown in ; at these points a transfer
to land transport had to be made.

138

The Occupation of Soissons.

Soissons lies in a rather broad valley-basin at the conflaence
of tbe Crise brook with the Aisne, and like the majority of
the earlier French fortresses is laid out on Yauban's system.*
The town itself is surrounded with ten irregular bastions, somo
outworks chiefly dii*ected towards the west^ and a loopholed
wall along the east side bordering the Aisne. A stone bridge
leads over this river to the opposite suburb of St. Wast, which
with its three bastions forms a bridge-head on tbe right bank.
The ramparts with an escarp wall, seven or eight metres in
height) contained several casemates, which, however, were cer-
tainly insuflicient for sheltering the garrison. By means of a
sluice situated near the town bridge and by diverting the Crise
brook, the ditches of the fortress were for the most part
filled with water. The valley of both streams was inundated by
means of extensive dams, so that the south-east side of the fort-
ress, in particular, was rendered unassailable ; only in advance
of the short but more elevated south-west front were the
ditches dry and without counterscarp. Thus, in September ISTO^
the fortress was sufficiently free from escalade ; while the com-
mandant, Lieut-Colonel de None, had an adequate garrison at his
disposal, f

The ground in front of Soissons on the lefb bank of the Aisne,
which comes more prominently into notice when considering an
attack upon that fortress, is divided by the Crise brook into an
cast and west section. In both of these there rise at a distance of
2,000 to 2,500 paces h-om the enceinte liills of no mean propor-
tions, tlio level crests of which have a considerable command over
the highest pai*t of the fortress,^: but can themselves be com-
pletely overlooked firom the tower of the city cathedral. The
steep-sided valley of the Crise could only be crossed at a few
places, but in consequence of the presence of a large quantity of
bush and structures of every sort and kind could not be seen into
from the fortress.

The latter had been already attempted by parts of the Army
of tiio Meuse in their advance towards Paris, but after an uii-
succe.ssful cannonade from field artillery had been turned
without difficulty.§ Patrols from a squadron of the 1st Saxon
Cavalry Regiment, posted at Fismes to cover the rearward com-
munications, had since that time made frequent reconnaissances as
fiir as the fortress. After the 2nd Landwehr Division had been
subsequently drawn forward from the neighbourhood of Aletz

♦ Sec plan IC.

t Depot Inituiiion of I5tli Lino lU'^rimcnt and two battalions of Garde Mobile,
i lilevaiidM of Sio. tiencviovc 77 mcucs above No. 8 ba:itiou j elevation of Vaux-
biiin (Mont Mitriou) yo metres above No. 7 bafltiuu.
5 See Part 11., p.. 17.

139

into the rayon of the Government General of Rheims,* and had
been detailed for the provisional investment of Soissons, a mixed
detachmentf of this Division advanced on the 23rd September
from Rheims to Eismes, and on the following day from the latter
place towards the fortress, daring which movement it was joined
by the Saxon squadron just mentioned. Being received with
musketry fire on emerging from the wood west of Venizel, tlie
Germans, after making at first some unsuccessful advances, cap-
tured the Yilleneuve heights and also the railway embankment
stretching at the foot of the Sto. Genevieve plateau. Under
the tire now opening from the artillery of the fortress, the Frank-
furt battalion placed a line of outposts between the Aisne and
Crise, for which the pioneers that same evening threw up the
most necessary cover. The Woldenberg battalion garrisoned
Chateau Ste. Genevifeve, the other troops occupied quarters in
Billy and Venizel. This position remained for the present without
material alteration. In order to prepare the investment of the
west side of the fortress, a company with some dragoons was
despatched to Vauxbuin on the 25th, another company to
Merdn on the 26th. The pioneers worked during the day at
strengthening the outpost positions, and by night upon tlie Ste.
Genevi&ve heights at emplacements for the 1st ligiit battery
which had come up as reinforcement. The enemy endeavoured
on several occasions to interrupt these works with shell fire, but
in other respects limited his efibrts to small sorties, after an attack
upon the German outposts at Yilleneuve on the afternoon of tho
2Gth had been repulsed by the Landsberg Landwehr battalion
and the French pursued into the south-west suburb.

Meanwhile the supreme military authorities, for tiie reason
already stated,]: had initiated arrangements for an early capture
of the fortress^ and for this object had placed at the disposal of
the Government General of Rheims the siege artillery which could
now be spared from TouL The commander of the 2nd Landwehr
Division, Major-General v. Selchow, assumed command on the
1st October of the German forces before Soissons, which in
the course of the next week were reinforced to 8 battalions,
4 squadrons, 2 field batteries, and 2 pioneer companies.§

With the gradual reinforcement of the siege troops the closer
investment of the place progressed. Two companies of the

* Sec Part IL, pp. 11 and 59.

t The ITmnkfurt, Landaberg, and Woldenberg battalions of the 8/48 Regiment, the

, and 2nd fortress pioneer company IXth Army Corps under Liuu-

17 th Dragoons
tenant-Colonel v. Stiilpnagel.

J See Part IL, p. 136.

§ The 8/48 Landwehr Regiment (the Eustrin battalion in addition to the three
battalions mentioned in notof supra)^ the Brandcnbura", iliippin, and Pieazhm
battalions of the 24/64 Landwehr Jicgiment, the J(iterbo«^k battalion of the 20/00
Landwehr Uegimeut, the Xni heavy reserve cavalry reiriment Cf^niierly 4th Reserve
Liinccrs), the heavy and 1st light r<?sorve battery, a Ibrtress pioneer company (from
tlic *ind Landwehr Division), 1st iloUl pioneer company IXth Anny Corps v.ith lipht
field bridge train (fiom llie ITth Division). The Hjuadrons of t!ie 17l!i Drauoous
which albo reached iSoissons had atraiu left for Laon.

140

Brandenburg Landwelir battalion and a squadron of the 1st
Heavy Cavaliy Regiment moved on the 3rd October to the right
bank of the Aisne, but found themselves in the afternoon thrown
back to the east of Crouy by superior hostile forces; on the
following day, however, they again took up their position in
front of this village, and thereby blocked the comparatively
narrow strip available for sorties to the north of St Wast suburb.
On the 6th October the investment of Soissons was complete.

Three battalions with a squadron held for the future the posi-
tion between the Crise brook and the lower Aisne. A pontoon
bridge at Pommiers constituted after the 10th October the means
of communication with the detachment on the right bank of the
Aisne, which had been reinforced by two companies and two
guns ; the other troops remained in the ground which they had
originally taken up to the south-east of the fortress. The lino
of outposts on the left bank of the Aisne extended from the rail-
way bridge at Yilleneuve at first along the railway embankment,
then past the farmsteads of La Buerie, Presle, and Maupas, as far
as the river bank between Bois Roger and Pommiers. The
headquarters of General v. Selchow were at la Carriere TEvcque
farm.

Several reconnaissances made upon the ground outside the
fortress had meanwhile led to the resolution to direct the artillery
attack upon the south-west front, which was evidently the most
favourable for the pui*posc. The commanding edges of the valley
of the Crise brook proved from their distance and tlio nature of
tlie ground well suited as sites for the siege batteries, especially
on Qie left bank, whence it appeared that a breach could be
made without difficulty in the enceinte between bastions 7 and 8
from the height north of Yauxbuin. On the 11th October the
Grand Duke of Mecklenbxirg Schwerin arrived at Buzancy with
liis staff.*

The 36 siege guns intended for employment against Soissons,
with the ammunition pertaining,t had meanwhile been forwarded
by railway from Toul to Rheims, and from thence by requisitioned
carts to the siege park at Courmelles. On the evening of the
1 1th, with the assistance of working parties of infantry, the con-
struction of the batteries was commenced by four companies of
fortress artillery, which had likewise arrived,! and was com-
pleted without any particulai- impediment during the night, as in
spite of the bright moonlight only a few ineffective shots fell from
the fortress. At 6 a.m. two batteries at St. Genevieve, a third
in the low ground north of Belleu, and five others at the north-

* Buzancy is about 1^ miles south of Septmonts. Lieut Colonel Wiebe, who had
been already sent in advance at the end of September to initiate the preparator}-
niTaniremcntfl of the artillery (see Parti. Vol. I., p. 81*), had been slightly wounded
durinsr one of the reconnaissances.

t Twenty-six PruHsian siege guns (with about 470 shells per gun) and 10 French
mortars from Toul, ai« well a.s part of the unexpended stores, and the material for
batteries captured in the camp of Chalons.

^ 3rd and 4th 9th 8th

* 2nd Fort. Artillery Kegt.' 4th Fort. Artillery liegt.' 1 1 th Fort. Artillery Divn."

141

east edge of Mont Marion opened fii*e almost simtdtaneously
upon the fortress.*

Tlie enemy answered with great vigour from all those guns
which could act towards the south ; yet the siege artillery suc-
ceeded during the course of the forenoon in overpowering the
real front of attack to such an extent that after a considerable
pause only the adjacent fronts again became active at 4 p.m. for
a short time. A conflagration which had broken out at different
points of the south aSide of the town had been speedily extin-
guished ; on the other hand the adversary's shells for the most
part struck harmlessly in rear of tlie German batteries.

After the latter had during the following night kept up an
occasional lire of shrapnel and shell, the cannonade was once more
vigorously resumed on both sides at 6 a.m. on the 13th. But
as the activity of the fortress artillery relaxed also on this
occasion after a few hours, the adversary's power of resistance
appeared to be exhausted, while at the same time a narrow breach
was visible in the front of attack ; the Grand Duke therefore sum-
moned the commandant to surrender, which however was abso-
lutely refused.t ^^ consequence of this the Germans re-opened
the artiUery cannonade at 5 p.m., which wna responded to shortly
afterwards by the French batteries.

The evident superiority of the siege artillery caused the
defender to make a considerable increase on the night of the
13th-14th to his guns on the south fronts. Bastions Nos, 7
and 8 were speedily reduced once more to silence on the following
morning, but the south-east front of the fortress between the last-
named bastion and the suburb of St. Wast developed so efiective
a iire, that the batteries at St. Genevifeve more especially were
reduced to great straits. On the night also of the 14th-15th
the French worked most actively at strengthening and restoring
the already much damaged ramparts on the front of attack.

At St. Genevi^Te ^
North of Belleu -

'Battery I. Heayy field battery to sweep the front of

attack.
„ II. Four 15-c.m. guns to sweep the front of

attack.
„ III. Two 2Sc.m. and four 23-o.m. mortars to

bombard bastions 7 and 8.
„ rV. Six 15-c.m. guns to make a breach in the
enceinte between bastions 7 and 8. This
battery opened fire, which was then at once
taken up by the others.
„ V. Six 12 cm. guns to cannonade bastion 7

and the enceinte between bastions 7 and 8.
I, VT. Six 12 cm. guns to cannonade bastion 8.
„ VII. Four 12-cra. guns to sweep bastion 7 and

the homwork before the west £ront.
„ YIII. Light field battery against the left bastion of
the same homwork and to sweep the ground
in front.

In all 44 guns, of which 6 were mortars and 12 field guns (the latter on the two
wings). Colonel Bartsch directed the artillery attack, while Colonel Brann superin-
tended the engineering works.

f The commandant complained on this occasion that the attack was not conducted
on the regular principles laid down by Vauban, but with an absence of all art and by
force.

On Mont Marion - «

142

Once moi^e were guns mounted on tlie ramparts, the broach
made impassable and closed at its upper end by an abattis of
bnisliwork. After a delay of some time in the resumption of
tiie aitillerv cannonade, in consequence of a heavy morning
midt, the German batteries on the 15 th October were chiefly
occupied in destroyinpf the works which the enemy had pre-
pared in the night. In the afternoon the abattis was knocked
away from the breach, nearly all the masonry broken down at
that point and covered with a mass of earth. But as the adversary
still continued to maintain a vigorous and even increased artillery
fire, it appeared above all things necessary to overpower the
fortress artillery by bringing up our own batteries to closer range
and at the same time to make the necessary preparations for an
advance against the breach. It was therefore resolved to throw
up at once two new batteries between the Crise brook and the
road to Paris at a distance of about 900 paces from the works
of the fortress, and to arm them with the field guns already
withdrawn from the flanks of the previous line of fire. The
musketiy pits for the outposts situated somewhat more in
advance were to be next extended into shelter trenches.

At 8 p.m., just as the new batteries Nos. 9 and 10 were
commenced, the commandant of the fortress opened negotiations
for surrender, which resulted shortly after in a cessation of the
firing. Before midnight Colonel v. Krenski concluded a capitu-
lation, in which Soissons surrendered under the same conditions
as had already obtained in the case of Sedan, Toul, and Strass-
burg.*

The garrison numbering some 4,800 prisoners of war, for the
most jaixi intoxicated and in a more or less disorganised state,
marched out of the Rheims Gate on the afternoon of the IGth
and were at once escorted by the Jiiterbogk Landwehr batta-
lion to Ch&teau Thierry.t On the road some 300 prisoner
succeeded in eluding their escort, as the latter came into colli-
sion towards nightfidl with some franctireurs in the Bois de St
Jean.

Meanwhile the Grand Duke had entered the captured fortress
at the head of his troops. Along the entii*e front of attack and
in those parts of the town Ijdng in rear there were signs of the
annihilating effect of the Prussian artillery. Several barracks
and other public buildings were burnt to the ground, the breach
at its upper end was about 40 paces broad and perfectly prac-
ticable. The booty of the victors, who since the commence-
ment of the investment had sustained a total loss of about 120
men,| consisted of 128 guns and 8,000 stand of arms, besides

* In accordance with instractions receiTcd shortly before from the rojal head-
quarteis the conditions of capitulation of Sedan should in all eyentualities serve as n
rule of conduct for the conclusion of negotiations for surrender.

f Except some thousand Gardes Mobiles from those parts of the country occupied
by the Germans, who were dismissed to their homes on the stipulation that they would
not again take up arms against Germany during the war.

t 'iho list of casualties is given in Appendix TiXXIII.

143

Iai*ge stores of ammunition and food. Part of this latter came in
well for the army before Paris.

The Grand Duko returned to Rheims on the 17th October, but
in consequence of instructions which reached him from the royal
headquarters proceeded on the 2Sth to Chateau Le Piple, in the
rayon of the south-east line of investment before Paris, for the
purpose of taking over the provisional command of the 17th
and Wiirttemberg Divisions. Lieutenant-General v. Rosenberg-
Gruszczynski assumed the duties of the Government-General of
Rheims.

144

First Oolusions of the Germans with thb iixwxt-forkbd Fixld
Troops on the Loire and in North- West France.

Under the direction of the members of the Government
despatched to Toui-r in the middle of September,* and more
especially after Gambetta, the Minister of the Interior, reached
that place on the 9th October and assumed the duties of Minister
of War, the organisation of fresh forces in the interior of France
proceeded with rapidity. The supply of men capable of bearing
arms, and of articles of equipment was abundant ; moreover the
population, following the example of the capital, displayed such
a self-sacriiicing spirit of willingness that within a few weeks
considerable bodies of men were assembled. The remains of the
already much thinned infantry depdta, collected into battalions
de marche, the unmarried Gardes Nationales and recruits of the
season of 1870 summoned to the colours, some troops brought
from Africa, several cavalry regiments of the ISth and 14tli
Corpsf which had left for the Loire, and fugitives from the Army
of ChaloDs, formed an army of most varied constituents. Besides
these there were tlio Gardes Mobiles who had remained in the
province and the greater part of the sedentary Gardes Nationales.
At first a great want was experienced of proper officers for
training and commanding these men, who were almost entirely un-
drilled, and were as yet unaccustomed to military obedience. The
armament caused less difficulty, as in addition to the large stores
in the naval arsenals and in the ships of war, there were many
military and private workshops which lent their cooperation.
Moreover, war material of every kind was purchased abroad and
brought rapidly and safely by sea.:t

The chief point of assembly of these new French forces was the
broad belt of country behind the Loire, for the protection of which
a Territorial Division, du Loiret, consisting of Gardes Mobiles,
and Reyau's Cavalry Division, had previously taken up a position
in the neighbourhood of Orleans. The battalions de marche
and the battalions of Garde Mobile, armed throughout with
Chassepdts, which had arrived at Nevers, Bourges, and Yierzon,
were first formed into the loth Corps, under General de La
Motterougc ; this latter already reached by the end of September
with its three Divisions and the attached cavalry and artillery
the considerable strength of about 60,000 men.§ In north-west

* In ftddition to Cr6mieuz, Minister of Justice, and Fonriohon, Minister of
Marine (»ee Fart II., p. 21), Glais Biaoin was also at Tours.

t See Part II., p. 30.

X According to Qeneral Martin des FaUi^res statements in his work ** Campagne dc
1870-71, Orleans," the total force of the men actually raised in the provinces
amount^ to upwards of a million. For their use were availahle, inclusive of the
material in ships of war, 2,000 rifled 12 cm., 8 cm., and 4 cm. guns, 400,000
Chassepdts, and nearly a million of other small arms.

The Government in Tours had, it is true, at first no knowledge of the existence of
these supplies of weapons, stored at the different fortresses, and could not therefore
take account of them in their first arrangements.

§ Appendix LXXIY. contains the order of hattle of the corps.

145

France General Fi^reck was assembling battalions of Garde
Mobile at Rouen and Elbeuf, for whose protection General Gudin
with 14,000 men* occupied the position of Andelle, the Bois de
Lyons, and the neighbourhood of Goumay as far as NeufchateL
On the other side of the Seine Genei*al Delarue, with 4,000 men,t
at Vernon and Evreux secured the railway communication
between Rouen and the south. All these troops posted as a
screen to further preparations had received instructions to carry
on a vigorous partisan warfare, but to avoid at present any
serious collisions. In the south-ea^Jt, General Cambriels was
assembling at Besan9on a Corps intended for the defence of the
Vosges passes.

The Franctireurs, likewise placed at the disposal of the War
Minister by the Government edict of the 29th September, ap-
peared as before in independent isolated detachments. Their
increased spiiit of enterprise manifested itself by more frequent
attacks, directed for the most part upon the detachments of
German cavalry engaged in collecting commissariat supplies behind
the investing line before Paris.

Patrols from the 6th Cavalry Division showing front in the
neighbourhood of St. Germain en Laye towards the west, met
at the end of September near the village of Les AUuets some
detachments of the Eclaireurs of the Seine, which had advanced
from Evreux to Mantes, and afterwards, in company with some
National Guards, in a south-easterly direction by way of ilaule.J
Tn consequence of this ten squadrons with both batteries of the
Division and two Bavarian battalions were set in movement
on the 30th towards the Mandre Brook. The hussars on the
right wing§ were tired upon from Les AUuets ; the place was,
however, at once set on fire by the artillery and abandoned by
the French, whilst the shells of the other battery drove the
enemy out of Herbeville, and two companies penetrated after a
slight skirmish into Mareil. The two Bavarian battalions at
once proceeded to a general attack on Maule, and gained possession
of this place without much difficulty, although its entrance was
barricaded and occupied by French infantry. The adversary,
who up to this time had occupied some copses at Les AUuets,
now retired to Dammartin, and withdrew to Vernon in the
night.

* 2 battalions de marcht, 12 battalions Garde Mobile, and 2 regiments of cavalry
which had escaped the catastrophe of Sedan, bat no artillery.

t 1 regiment Garde Mobile and 1 regiment Eclaireurs of the Seine.
X See general maps 4 and 5.
§ night wing column :

(From 13th Cavalry Brigade,) 2Bda5d4th^ 4th 2nd

,,i.ruui to u ..a lu jr g ,j 10th Hussars 1 lih Hussars' 17th Jlussars
and 2ad H. A. battery 10th Artillery* Kegiment.
Left-wing column:

(From 12th Cavalry Brigade,) ^^-5?^y^» 13th Dragoons, ICth I-ancors.

"^ 2nd IJav.

(with 2 squ.idron5), and Ist II. A. Ijattcry, 'llh Artillery lie irinuRt.
41G48. K

146

The Germans in the next few cla3rs' continned their forward
movement, west of the Mandre Brook, under Major- General v.
Bredow. After they had at the commencement of October com-
pletely destroyed the railway at Mantes, where a rich store of
commissari<at supplies fell into their hands, and afterwards at
jBonnik^es, they moved towards the position of the Euro. A
battalion of Garde Mobile posted at Pacy abandoned its post, after
being exposed to the fire of a few shells. Whilst General
Delarue now withdrew his troops from Vernon and Evreux to
Serquigniy^ the German raiding detachment took the direction of
Houdan, and reached this place on the 8th October. A small
party scouting on the following day in the direction of Dreuxf
captured the village of Cherisy, which was occupied by Frendi
Gardes Mobiles, but had again to abandon it, as it found
itself threatened on both flanks by superior forces. In order to
obtain more precise information of the enemy's strength. General
v. Bredow led his entire forces in the direction of Cherisy on the
10th. At that point a regiment of Garde Mobile with the Garde
Nationale from Dreux had meanwhile occupied an entrenched
position, and had pushed forward a weak post to Marchezais.
After the latter had been driven in without difficulty, the Bava-
rian infantry forced their way into some copses situated near
the road, whilst the horse artillery directed its fire upon Cherisy.
Tlie advei^sarv now evacuated the burning villao^e, but con-
tinned the notion for some time longer from the left bank of tlic
Euro.

The German raiding detachment hereupon returned in part to
its old quarters ; a regiment of cavaliy, a battery, and four Bava*
rian companies remained at Neauphle on the VersaiUes-Dreux
I'oad. The latter place was abandoned by the enemy during the
struggle just mentioned, but a few days later was again occupied
by 0,000 Gardes Mobiles and Franctireurs, who on this occasion
brought also a battery with them. Further to the north the
French extended once more as far as Evreux, whence they sent
detachments to Pacy and Vernon.

in order to keep watch in the direction of the woods filled with
Franctireurs before the front of the 6 th Cavalry Division, the
latter had as early as the 28th September posted the ICth
Hussars and tlic 1st battalion 11th Bavarian Begiment at Ram-
bouillct. On the 2nd October there occurred further to the
west, near Le Buissonnet, a collision with some French Mobile
and National Guards, who were pushed forward to Epemcin in
order to cover the concentration of troops taking place at Chartres.
Two days Inter Colonel v. Alvensleben made a reconnaissance in
force through Rambouillet with the 15th Cavaliy Brigade, two
Bavarian comp.inies, and the horse artillery battery.J After
driving oft' a weak French advanced party at St. Hilarion, the

* RnilTray junction west of Evreux.
f 1 company, 3 squadions, :: guus.

^ _. — — nnil rcnuuucd at Ratnbouillct.

11th J>:a. anl H is^ars

147

Bavarians, supported by the fire of the battery, proceeded on the
north of the high road to the attack of the copses in front of
Epernon, through which the enemy retired to the heights in
rear. T\ro squadrons of the 16th Hussars which had been
detached at Gazeran to cover the left flank, had taken part
in the engagement from Droue, and in a dismounted fight had
driven the adversary from some stone quarries in that neigh*
bourhood. When from this side four guns of the horse artillery
battery opened an effective flanking fire upon tlie heights before
Epemon, and the Bavarian infantry advanced against this last
position of the enemy, the latter commenced his reti*eat to
Hanches with considerable loss.*^' The 15th Cavalry Brigade on
the following day continued its' incursions from Epemon in a
southerly direction, during which two squadrons serving as right
flanking detachment drove the adversary from Hanches and some
other villages on the Voise brook. The German troops thei*e-
upon returned te Bambouillet.

More serious than in the west and south-west of Paris was
the state of affairs in the rayon reconnoitred by the 4th Cavalry
Division from Pithiviors tewards Orleans.

The central course of the Loire, a stream of considerable breadth
and some six or seven feet in depth, at whose northerly bend tiie
town of Orleans forms a convenient bridge-head for forward
movements from the southern provinces in tbe direction of Paris,
separates two districts of very opposite character. The Beauce
plateau rismg on the right bank and sloping towards the river
district of the Seine in broadly undulating, and gentle, wooded
spurs is, in agreement with its natural fertility, cultivated like a
garden, studded at intervals with stene farmsteads, intersected
by numerous roads and surrounded with extensive woods. Little
rills trickle for the most part within narrow folds of the ground
and run with a northerly direction towards the Seine; their
margins are bordered by narrow tracks of meadow land. South of
the Loire spreads the sandy and stony Sologne. There also, is
found a sufficient network of roads for the movemente of troops ;
for the deployment of large bodies of cavalry and artillery
difficulties are inter{)Osed by the numerous ponds and marshes
bordered with fir-copses, with which this generally most inhospit-
able waste abounds. The little attention paid te agriculture, and
thetbatehed day houses, testify te the poverty of the inhabitants.

Detachments of the 4th Cavalry Division had as early as the
25th September come into collision with French troops of all
ai*ms te the south* west of Bazoches les Gallerandes, who with-
drew through Artenay afber a slight skirmish. When tbe Divi-
sion moved up on the following day to the Paris-Orleans high
road, the 10th Lancers, which led the advance, were attacked to
the south of Artenay by hostile cavaliy. After the latter were
repulsed, the Prussian Lancers moving in pursuit were met with
so brisk a musketiy fire from the foremost farmsteads of Chcvilly

* Ono battalion oommandcr aud 27 inea were left dead on the field of lint tie ;
47 men irere wounded.

K 2

and from some (>f the adjacent copses that they bad to withdraw
to Artenay with rather heavy losses. As subsequent recon-
naissances showed that the entire northern border of the extensive
and thickly grown forest of Orleans was occupied by French
infantry as far as Beaunc la Rolande, an isolated advance of large
masses of cavalry in a close countiy did not appear desirable, and
therefore Prince Albrecht, with the 8th and 10th Cavalry Brigades,
took up a temporary position at Toury, whilst the 9th gradually
collected at Pithiviei's.

From the former place incursions were made in the subsequent
days in a south-westerly direction for the purpose of collecting
commissariat supplies, and of obtaining information with regard
to the proceedings on the Loire. It was on one of these occasions
that the rails leading to Toura were destroyed at Chateaudun
and Beaugency. Aft^er the flanking dctacliment of the 1st
Bavarian Corps,* which had proceeded through Fontainebleau,
had rejoiued on the 28th September, the 4jth Cavalry Division
was reinforced in ita position at Toury and Pithiviers by the first
two battalions of the Bavarian Body Guard Regiment.

The appeai*ance of large bodies of German cavalry in the
Beauce had induced the French to support the advance of tlie
Mobile Guard Division at Orleans by troops of the 15th Corpst,
which were placed temporarily under General Keyau of the
Cavalry, commanding on the Loire.

On the 5th October instructions were sent from Tours to
General de La Motterouge to transfer his head-quarters to
Orleans, and to superintend the conduct of the movements on the
right bank of the Loire. This officer hastened in consequence
the bringing up of his 2nd and 3rd Division from Vierzon and
Bourges to Orleans, as also the advance of the 1st from Nevers
to Gien.

The troops in the Beauce had already taken the offensive for
the purpose of capturing the stores collected by the German
cavalry at Tourj'. On the 3rd October, the French had rein-
forced their outpost position at the forest of Orleans, occupied
Chateaudun and driven back to Allaines a detachment of
German cavaiiy which had been despatched to Orgferes. Earlj^
on the 5th, General Reyau advanced with several brigades tlirough
Artenay upon Toury.

Havinor received timelv information of the French advance,
Prince Albrecht at 7 a.ni. led the 10th Cavalry Brigade, which
was assembled to the north of the latter place, in the direction
of Chapelle St. Blaise, and the 8th from Janville upon Poin-
ville to meet the foe. Both brigades concentrated abreast of
BoisSciy, which was occupied bj' a Bavarian company, whilst the
horse artillery batteries took up the struggle with some French
guns which had come into action to the west of the high road.
After these had speedily retired upon Tivernon, and thePinissian

* Sec Part II., p. loy.

t At first 2 rilh conipjuiics. 1 battalion Tiu'ccs, tbc 29th Kcfriiuent de Marchc, the
12in llejimcnt of Ciiirlu Alobilc', and 2 batterii-r.

149

batteries bad advanced into a fresh position south of Boissay,
the adversaiy gradually deployed very superior forces* and en-
deavoured to turn both flanks of the 4th Cavalry Division by way
of Poinville and Ciiaussy. When the latter commenced in con-
sequence its retreat to Angerville, and continued it on the
following day to Etampes, the adversary occupied the villages
north of Toury.f Those parts of the Division which were posted
at Pithiviers had been withdrawn on the 5 th to Sermaises,
whence they were likewise brouc^lit up to Etampes on the 6th.

The head-quai-ters of the Ilird Army, which had received
information some time back of the arrival in France of Algerian
troops, and of the formation of a Corps on the river Loire, were
ill expectation after the report of the above collision of a serious
attack from the south, and gave orders in the forenoon of the
6th October for the 1st Bavarian Corps to assemble forthwith
at Arpajon. At the same time the 22nd Division was moved
off through Villeneuve to Montlhdry, and assigned to General
V. d. Tann. The 2nd Cavalrv Division received orders to
advance on the following day from Villemoisson on the left
flank of the Bavarians, whilst the 6th was to hold the country
west of Arpajon, and the 4th, retiring before any advance in
force of the enemy, was in the event of an engagement to place
itself under the orders of the last-named general.^

The 1st Bavarian Corps in accordance with ordei*s took up a
position on the afternoon of the Gth behind the Orge at Arpajon,
and despatched an advanced guard to Etrechy. The 4th Cavahy
Division, which had been followed by the adversary to no great
distance beyond Toury, again threw forward one of its brigades
from Etampes to Anorerville, another to Authon for the purpose
of watching towards Chai'tres, and a left flanking detachment in
the direction of Malesherbes. In rear of the 1st Bavarian Corps
Major-Qeneral v. Wittich§ reached ilontlhery with the 22nd
Division at 10 p.m.||

On the 7th October the 2nd Cavalry Division spread itself
out in the district south-east of Arpajon,f The 6th Cavalry

* It ia said that tliere were 12 battalions, 3 regiments of ca vain*, and 3 half-batterie9.
On the Prnssian side there were 10 guns at hand, ns two were with the 9th Cavalry
Brigade at rithiviers.

f The stores collected at Touiy were, with the exception of 150 slaughter beasts,
removed in good time by the Germans.

X The text of the order in question is ^ven in Appendix LXXV.

<f Appointed commander of the 22nd Division on the 2i4h September.

|{ Of this Division 8 companies, a half squadron, and the 4th heavy battery bad
remained at the outposts between the Seine and Mame ; on the other hand, the 5th
lir^ht battery was attached to the Division (see Turt II., p. 117). Of the troops
employed to escort prisoners from Sedan there were still about 6^ oompsnies absent
from the 22nd Division and 9 companies from the 1st Bavarian Corps. The latter had
in addition given up 3 battalions to the 5th and 6th Cavalry Divisions, the battalions
irith the 2nd and 4th Cavalry Divisions rejoined their corps ; the 3rd battalions of
the 12th and 13th Uegimcuts, as also two batteries had joined the latter from home.
The 9th Cavalry Brigade, with the exception of two squadrons of the 1st Lancers, had
also arrived.

*!* 3 S(|uadrons of the 6th Hussars were occupied in collecting provisions, whilst
the squadron from Limours (see Part II.. p. 109) was agam brought up to the
Division.

150

Division concentrated at Limours and Bambouillet, observed
towards the south and despatched the 4th squadron 16th Hussars
with a Bavarian company to Ablis^ in order to complete the
security of the flank towards the west by desire of General v. d.
Tann. On their arrival late in the evening at the latter place,
the company occupied the barricaded issues of the roads leading
to Chartrcs and Etampes ; the squadron of hussars sent patrols
along them and placed the majority of their horses in three large
stables. Between 4 and 5 a.m. the small detachment of troops
in Ablis was suddenly attacked by an overwhelming body of
Franctu-eurs^ who had approached the little town unobserved
from DenonvlUe, about nine miles to the south. At the same
time, numerous anned men who had remained hidden in the
place brought theu* fire to bear on these stables, so that the
hussars could not get to their horses and fell for the most part
into the enemy's hands, whilst the Bavarian company effected its
retreat along the road to Bambouillet, ^nthout heavy loss. The
commander of the 6th Cavalry Division, Major-General v.
Schmidt,* on hearing of the attack from some hussars who had
escaped on horseback, at once advanced with both brigades
toward5% AbUs, but found the place already abandoned by the
Franctireuiu As the inhabitants had been proved to have par*
ticipated in the engagement, the place ^vas laid under a con-
tribution and reduced to ashes.

The 1st Bavaiian Corps had on the 7th October retained its
position behind the Orge. But as the 4th Cavalry Division had
begged for a reinforcement of infantry so as to be able by that
means to attack the enemy in his camps observed at Artenay,
Genend v. d. Tann laid this application before the head-quarters
hisiff of the Ilird Army for decision. The latter sent in con-
Kequence a telegram that same night for an advance to Etampes.
In accordance therewith, the 1st Bavarian Corps occupied on the
8th October a position to the west of the latter place, the right
flank of which was protected by the 4th Chevauxlegers and the
Cuirassier Brigade at Authon. The 22nd Division followed as
far as Etrechy.

The 2nd Cavalry Division advancing this day on the left
flank of the Bavarians i*emarked at S p.m. in the neighbour-
hood of ilarollcsf detachments of the 4th Cavalry Division,
whicli withdrew from Sermaises to Etampes before French in-
fantrj-. Some etappen troops of the Ilird Army,J which had
arrived from Corbeil the day before, had taken up a position
at Boissy, wliilst the French in their front occupied the
defiles of Saclas and St. Cyr west of the high road. Lieut.-
Geneial Count zu Stolberg under these circumstances ordered
the two horse artillery batteries of his Division to come into

* The Dnke William of Mecklenburg- Schwerin had proceeded on the 6th October
to Versailles lor tin* benefit of his health.

t S.K. of Ktamp.r; ; not to be confounded with the Marolks U.K. of Arpnjou.

X Aschcrslcbcn Landwchr battalion, -J^L^B^l}}^ . bc2 I'art II., p. 136.

3ra lies. Ura goons ' '^

151

action on a height near ^lenil Qii*auli, and to bring their lii>) to
bear for some time upon the farmstead of Court Pain, situated at
the entrance of the last-named valley. The enemy shaken by thid
cannonade offered but little resistance to the sub^sequeut attack
of the Prussian Landwehr companies, and, followed by the
fire of the horse artillery, retired with a loss of some SO men
through Abbeville. When darkness set in, the 2ud Cavalry
Division went into bivouacs in the neighbourhood of !Marolle;$,
ob8ei*ving at the same time the roads to Malesherbes and Pithi-
viei-s. The advanced guard of tlie 1st Bavarian Corps had
despatched a battalion to Suclas, and held this village during
the night.*

Meanwhile an officer of the general stall* from Versailles had
reached Etampes with further instructions from army head-
quarters. They were to the eflect that General v. d. Tann with
the troops under his orders was to sweep the enemy from the
district westward as far as Chartres, and southward as far as
Orl^ns, to occupy the latter town, and if necessaiy to continue
the pursuit towards Tours ; the 2nd and 4th Cavahy Divisions
were to join the forward movement on both wings. All the
reports which came in up to the evening of the 8th October were
to the effect that the adversary had shown but small forces at
Angerville, Mdreville, and west of the liigh road to Orleans.
The Bavarian commander resolved to advance against those iu
three columns, and at the same time to turn their flanks with the
Cavalry Divisions.

At 6.30 a.m., on the 0th October, the troops couuueuced their
advance. The 1st Bavarian Brigade moving at the head of the
central column encountered in the neighbouri^ood of Aloimerviiiu
and Angerville weak Frencli detachments, whoso resistance waM
speedily overcome. After the 2nd Rifle battalion had first gained
possession of Retr^ville farm, and the Chevauxlegers had cut oti*
the retreat of the garrison of the place, tlie riflemen, after a brief
cannonade from two guns of the ist 4-pr. battery unlimbered
to the west of the high road, forced their way from the east and
south into Angerville, where a number of Franctireurs fell into
their hands ; Dommerville was found by tlie Bavarians to be
abandoned by the enemy. Without any further coULiioJi the l.st
Briofade continued theii* march as far as Barmainville, whilst the
2nd was pushed forward as far as Oinville and t^t, Peravy to
take over the outpost duties. The 22nd Division followed as far
as Angerville. West of tlie high roa*l to Orleans the 4th
Bavarian Brigade reached Beaudrevillc, while the 4tli Cavalry
Division with the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade attached was
further in front at Neuvy en Beauce. IJast of tliis rojid
the t'Jrd Bavarian Brigade advancing up the Juine valley
had, after a slight skirmish, driven a band of Fianctircurs
from the farmstead of La Valine Nord, and then occupied
quartei-3 between Mt^reville andAUaiuville; in front of it wa.stho

* The etappen troops commented their returD luarcii to Corbel 1 ou the folio wioir
day.

152

2nd Cavalry Division at Outarville. Flanking patrols from the
latter, whidi bad met with the enemy near Guigneville, reported,
ns on the previous night, the presence of strong bodies of troops
of all arms at Pithiviers.

General v. d. Taun, in spite of tlie apparent danger to his left
Hank, maintained the previous direction of march, and ordered
tlie lut Bavarian Corps to advance on the following day to Trinay,
Artenay, and Sougy. The 22nd Division was to follow the
Bavarians along the great road to beyond Toury, tlie 4th Cavalry
Division to come up on the right flank as £a.r as the Orleans-
Chateaudun road, about half-way between these two points.
The 2nd Cavalry Division was posted at GuigneviUe to watch
the enemy, who had been observed in the neighbourhood of
Pithiviers.

Action at Abtenay on the IQth Octobeh.

The French Commander-in-Chief on the Loire, General de La
Motterouge, had returned on the evening of the 8th October
to Orleans from a council of war at Tours. For the protection
of the former town the main forces of the loth Corps there
assembled * had pushed forward along the road to Artenay, with
the Cavalry Division to the west of it, whilst the Garde Mobile
Division du Loii^t occupied the forest of Orleans.

The 1st Bavarian Brigade moved out of Barmainville as
advanced guard at 6 a.m., on the 10th October, and after a march
of rather more than three hours met abreast of Dambron the
enemy's advanced troops, who fired upon the Chevauxlegers lead-
ing the advance from a farm on the high road, and from the
railway embankment.t

* The troops despatched to Gien belonging to the Ist Division assembled at Bevers,
and a brigade of the Srd Division attached to the Vosges Corps of General
Cambriels, were still absent.

t Order of march of the 1st Bayarian In£uitry Brigade:
2nd and Srd

Srd Chevauxleg.
Ist

1
^ Ist 4 pr.

1
Ilnd

jf 1st 4>pi.

1
7th 6-pr.

1
Body Guard Regiment.
Srd Rifle batulion.
The following were still absent:

2nd and 5th

, escorting pnsoners.

Uth and ^ 10th , .

Body G.'Kegt.- '^''^^ requisitions.

12th . , .

■p . ,, ,, . escorting trains.

Body G. Rcgt. ^

4th : A •

^ , ^, -. — , in Arpajon.

Srd Chevauxlep. '^ '

153

Whilst the Chevauxlegers now drove before them the French
cavahy which appeared to the west of the road, Major-General
V, Dietl deployed four battalions* south of Dambron on either
side of the high road. The batteries, protected by the 1st bat-
talion of the Body Guard Regiment came into action some-
what further in rear; the 2nd Rifle Battalion remained in
reserve. Before even this deployment could be completed the
enemy's foremost troops had withdrawn to a position between
Assas and the road to Chartres. At Artenay closed bodies of
infantry and horse showed themselves, as also a battery which
unlimbered about 1,000 paces to the north of the place ; Vilchat
still remained in the enemy's occupatioD. A rather vigorous
musketry action now eDsued, in which the advancing Bavarian
battalions were fired upon in the flank from Assas, whilst the 7th
6-pr. battery commenced to act from a new position east of the
railway embankment against this village. For its protection the
1st battalion Body Guard Regiment showed front with 2^ com-
panies in the direction of Yilchatf

When towards 11 a.m. the 2nd Brigade with two batteries
assigned to it from the corps artillery appeared on the scene of
action, Lieut.-General v. Stephan caused the latter to unlimbcr
to the east of Domarville and augment the fire upon Assas. The
9th Rifle battalion and a company of reserve men recently
arrived from home inserted themselves in the fighting line on
the left wing ; the 4th Rifle battalion and the troops of the 1st
Brigade held back till that time, moved up to the fighting line
on tiie west of the high roaif

The French now retired gradually to Artenay, where mean-
while fresh troops had posted themselves for defence at the
north border of the place and in some outlying farm buildings.

General v. d. Tann, who had been present with the advanced
guard since the commencement of the action, and had been led by
his observations to anticipate a stubborn resistance at Artenay,
gave orders that a brisk artillery fire should be first directed upon
the enemy's position and that the arrival of the Cavalry Divisions
on the wings should be awaited. There gradually deployed in
consequence in the ground to the west of the Paris high road
five batteries, whose front was at 2 p.m. extended to the right,

* Tlnd and li cos. of Illrd 1st _^ . ^^ Ilnd ^. ... , . , ,

• — — -; — 7-3 — ^ ^ ^ , -- -weat of, — -— east of tno high road.

Body Guard Regt. ' 1 ' 1 ^

f i ^!!*°^^^ remained to the west of the high road with the 1st 4 pr.
Body Guard Regt. '

Battery.

{ *!^ ynm withdrawn from the foremost fighting line on the arrival of the 2nd
BrigaUc. Th«o remoincdin wscrro: ^A4, ?li^'-, and 5*^ . I"* and Illrd

and ^ were assigned to the Cavolr}- Divisions, -iL and —-Jl--. had not yet re-
11 2 4th liif.

turned fh>m escorting prisoners ; the 2nd Brigade was consequently hardly 3 battalions

strong. The above mentioned reserve company, intended for the 2nd Regiment,

could not be assigned to it in consequence of its temp<^ary absence.

154

aa far as the neighbom*hood of Foupry/ by four batteries of
the 4tli Brigade and the corps artillery hurrying up along
the Chartres road. For the protection of the right wing of
this ai-tillery line, there assembled at the latter village four
squadrons of the 3rd and 4th Chevauxlegers with the 13th
Hussars despatched in advance from the 22nd DivisLon.

East of the Paris road the 7th 6-pr. battery 1st Artillery Begi-
ment had simultaneously unlimbered on the heights south of Assas,
after the 2nd battalion 1st Regiment had cleared this village of
the enemy and had deployed in front of the north-east side of
Artenay. Still further on the left the rest of the infantry
present on this flank endeavoured to surround the town from the
east. The 3rd Bavarian Brigade, which had come up from
Crottes at the noise of the firing, was posted in reserve at Assas
and had come into action with both its batteries alongside the
7th 6-pr. battery ; t the 22nd Division had reached Dambron ;
tlie 4 th Bavarian Brigade was advancing along the road from
Chartres.

The 4th Cavalry Division and the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade^
which, as already mentioned, were moving forward on the right
of the army, had responded with their artillery to the fire
directed upon them from a wood at Tout-li-faut, and then con-
tinued their march through Loigny. When Prince Albrecht
heard the thunder of artillery at Artenay, he at once struck off
with his main body in that direction, whilst the 9th Cavalrj^^
Brigade with a battery of horse artillery advanced in a westerly
direction as far as Varize and despatched patrols towards
Chateaudun. These latter found the place occupied by the
enemy, and at nearly every point encountered resistance from
armed inhabitants. The other three brigades took up a position
at Ouvans, on the left flank of the adversary engaged at Artenay,
while theu* horse artiUeryj: came into action against Chateau
Auvilliers and Autroches, where French troops of all arms were
assembled, more particularly two batteries in action taxing the
north. The 2nd Cavalry Division, after hearing that Pithiviers
was abandoned by the enemy, had also drawn nigh to the fleld
of battle. From Trinay the two batteries of horse artillery
advanced at 2 p.m. to the height north of Bucy le Roi ; the six
regiments of cavalry formed up in their rear.

This outflanking movement of the German forces, threatening
as it already was to the line of retreat upon Orl^ns, decided the
adversary in the third hour of the afternoon to evacuate Artenay^
whither he was now closely followed by the 1st Bavarian Division.
Whilst the battalions to the west of the railway penetrated into

* These 9 batteries were distributed as follows, counting from the right wing:
6ih 6-pr. ^ 5th 6-pr. . 8th 6-pr. , 4th 4-pr. ^ 1st 4-pr. 4th 6-pr 8rd 6-pr.

3 ' 3 ' 1 * 1 ' i ' 3 3

5th__6^. 3rd 4-pr. geepUnK.
1 1 ^

t '""^ -^-P^' and 5ilLj±L-.

+ 2ud H.A. , Ist and 2Dd H.A.

* n ' 3id Bav, •

loo

the north side of the place, the 2nd battalion 1st Regiment
moved forward from the railway station, which it had occupied
shortly before, with the 8th company against the south issue,
and there captured a camp under a heavy fire from the enemy.
On the left wing, meanwhile reinforced by the 2nd battalion
11th Eegiment, the 9th Rifle battalion gained possession of the
buildings of Maison Bruise. After occupying the town and its
immediate neighbourhood the Bavarian lines of skirmishers
turned towards the ground lying to the south, where the enemy
still occupied the railway embankment as also the farmsteads of
La Orange and Arblay.

The retreat of the French soon turned to hasty flight. Two
cavalry regiments attached to their left wing, on seeing the large
bodies of German horse appear at Ouvans, had at once retired
in the greatest haste to the forest of Orleans, so that the 10th
Cavaliy Brigade advancing in pursuit by order of Prince Albrecht
was unable to overtake them. This Brigade now turned from
Creuzy against the French infantry and artiller}'' hurrying away
southward. A battery still in action to the west of Arblay
farm, abandoning a gun, withdrew itself from the eflTects of
the Bavarian artillery and the threatening attack of two squad-
rons of the 5th Dragoons. With three squadrons of the 2nd
Hussars Oolonel v. Schauroth broke in upon the flying masses,
from whom he took a gun with its team and an ammunition
waggon. The 10th Cavalry Brigade captured altogether about
250 prisoners. The 8th Cavalry Brigade and the Bavarian
Cuirassiers followed as far as the neighbourhood of Bcaugency.

East of the railway embankment Captain v. Bliicher with tlie
1st squadron 2nd Lancers* had trotted foi-ward to Chevilly.
Being compelled to retreat to the Beauvais farm, owing to a
flanking artillery and musketry Are from the border of the wood,
the squadron fell in with two guns rapidly making ofl^, one of
which in spite of the heavy fire of the infantry escort fell into
the hands of the Prussian cavalry.

Simultaneously with this participation of the cavalry on both
wings the 1st Bavarian Division also reached the country south
of Artenay. It was already almost entirely abandoned by the
enemy. Some 600 men who had sought protection from the
attacks of the Oerman horse in la Croix Briquet, surrendered
themselves after a slight resistance to the 2nd Bavarian Brigade
which was advancing to the east of the high-road. Other men
retiring upon Chevilly had shortly before fallen into the hands
of scouting detachments of the Bavarian Cuirassier and 8th
Prussian Cavalry Brigades advancing from Beaugency.

Whilst the 3rd Bavarian Brigade now united with the 2nd at
La Croix Briquet, the 4th Brigade which had reached Autroches at
4 p.m. was drawn forward to Creuzy and the 1st remained in the
position which it had taken up to the south of Artenay, an artil-
lery line of 11 batteries stretching to the eastward of the railway

* This squadron had been emplojed aa escort to the artillery of the 2nd Caroiry
Diyiuon, which had come into action on the height north of Bucy le Roi.

156

formed in front of Creuzy and La Croix Briqaet.* In view of
this deployment of troops the last detachments of the enemy on
the other side of Chevilly hastened towards the forest of Orl^uis.
The Ist Bavarian Corps, which had purchased its victory with
comparatively small loss^f remained during the night in general
at the points held at the conclusion of t£e struggle. The Srd
Brigade pushed forward detachments from La Croix Briquet to
Chevilly. The 22nd Division, which had been drawn forward^to
Artenay during the engagement, occupied quarters in Dambron
and Tivemon, the 2nd Cavalry Division at Ascheres le Marche,
the 4th at Sougy and Patay.

Engagement at Orleans on the 11th Octobeb.

General v. d. Tann, after the adversary's flight-like retreat
from Artenay, did not apprehend any further serious resistance
on this side of the Loire, and therefore resolved to move
forward on a broad front towards Orleans on the 11th October.
The 22nd Division was to take post at Les Barres on the Cha-
teaudun road, the 4th Bavarian Brigade was to take the road
through Gidy, while the Srd Brigade, and in its rear the 1st Divi-
sion, was to march along the Paris high-road. The 4th Cavalry
Division received orders, while continuing to obsei've towards
Chateaudun, to bold one of its brigades in readiness to cross
the Loire in the neighbourhood of Meung, whilst the 2nd
Cavalry Division was to push forward with small detachments
from Ascbcres towards the forest in front for the purpose of
securing the left flank. Of the batteries of the Bavarian futillery
reserve, five were assigned to the 22nd Division, and two each to
the Bavarian Di visions. t The Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade passed
to the 22nd Division, but left its two batteries of horse artillery
with the 4th Cavalry Division.

On the French side General de La Motterouge, after the defeat
at Artenay, had in fact decided on a retreat behind the Loire.
On the morning of the 11th October the troops at Orleans
commenced to cross the stream. In the district north of the
Loire, intersected with continuous streets of houses, vineyards,
and orchards, there was, between the Paris railway and the road
to Chateaudun, which was barred by entrenchments in the

*n *: ^;^-.*u«,:-v* -,;«« 2nd H.A. iBt and 2nd H.A. 6th and 5th 6-pr.
Costing from the nght wing : _j^_, —^-^^_ , __j___L-,

8th 6-pr. , 4th 6-pr. ^ 5th and 7th 6-pr. . and 4-pr. , 6th 6 pr. ^.p, i ♦ ♦ .

IstBav. ' drdiiav. ' Ist Bay. * IstBav. ' IstBav. ' ^ as ^>o

at De Beauvais farm.)

f Rather more than 200 men. See App. LXXI.

t To the 22nd Division were assigned: 7th and 8th 6.pr.^ ^^^ recently arrircd

9th6-pi-, and iilli (mitrailleuse battery with 4 guns), as also the ^^^^ ^^-pr.

whick hod been present since the 8th October; to the 1st Bavarian Diyisiou .

srd and 4th 6-pr. t„ ^le 2nd Bayarian Diyision: Sth "■" "th 6-P'-
8 3

lo7

neighbourhood of Ormes, a rearguard of some 13,000 men*
for the purpose of covering this movement.

At the head of the 22nd Division, at that time numbering
little more than 6,000 men,t which had marched off from Dambron
shortly after daybreak, the 13th Hussars came across two French
squadrons at Boulay. The latter fell back to the village of Les
Barres, which was occupied by infantry ; it was, however, aban-
doned by the adversary when the Pnissian batteries came into
action at a quarter past 9, and the 44'th Brigade at Heurdy was
preparing to attack. This brigade at once advanced with the five
Bavarian batteries through Les Barres along tlie high-road to
Orl&ns, whilst somewhat further on the left the 43rd Brigade,
with the Prussian batteries and the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigadcj
likewise took from Boulay the direction of Ormes. The enemy
now also abandoned without a contest an entrenched position at
Bois Girard, but received the German troops with a vigorous fire
from a field battery west of the entrenchments at Ormes.

General v. Wittich, who had observed during his advance the
presence of strong bodies of French at the latter place, now
caused seven batteries to come into action at Les Masures and
Bois Girard in rear of the shelter trenches abandoned by the
enemy4 and shortly reduced to silence the field guns just men*
tioned. The effective artillery and musketry fire from the
entrenchments at Ormes speedily caused, however, the 44th
Brigade in the open ground in front to seek as much cover as pos-
sible and to await the advance of the other marching columns.
Whilst the three companies of the 94th now ensconced them-
selves in Les Masures, and the S3rd in the ditches alongside the
road, and from thence maintained a delaying frontal fight, the
43rd Brigade, with the fusilier battalion 32nd Regiment in first
line, moved past the east side of Bois Girard against the right wing
of the enemy, who by a quick movement was thrown back from
Les Chabasses and La Borde. In its further advance to Ormes this
brigade, however, met with so determined a resistance that the left
wing of the 32nd had to be gradually reinforced by the greater
part of the 95th Regiment. The 2nd battalion of this regiment
alone formed a general reserve in rear of the centre of the Division.

After the struggle round Ormes had continued for some
time in this manner, the French commenced at 1 p.m. to yield
gradually to the pressure on their right flank. As soon as
the assailant remarked this, the Prussian 5th light and the
Bavarian 8th 6-pr. battery came up to within 800 paces of the
entrenchments. The 83rd Regiment, under Colonel Marschall
V. Bieberstein, supported by the artillery fire, now stormed,
although with considerable loss, the position hitherto so stubbornly

* Danes' Brigade of the Snd Division, reinforced bj the 27th, 33rd, and 34th
liegiments de ntarche^ a rifle battalion de marche, some companies of the 4th Line
Regiment and Papal Zouaves.

t There ^verc still absent : 7th, 8th, 9tb. and }, 11th 3rd, II.ul, and Fu..

4 th and 9 th

+ From riffht to left- 8th and 7th 6-pr., 5th 1., 3rd h., 3id 1. 9th C-pr. 4th 1.

* ' ** * SrdBav. U * lit IJiiv. '" 11

158

defended, and captured therein several packed gnn limbers and
ammunition waggons. The enemy retreated in the direction of
Orleans. Detachments of the 43rd Brigade, which had already
reached the great road soiith-east of Ormes^ made there some
800 prisoners.

After the capture of Ormes about 2 o'clock both Prussian
brigades continued the movement towards Orl^ns along the
high-road and to the north of it. The Ist battalion 83rd Begi*
ment was at the head of the former, the 95th Regiment in tiiie
front line of the other column. The resistance of the French,
favoured by the continuous succession of villages, gardens, and
vineyards only permitted, however, a very gradual progress on
the part of the troops ; the Qerman cavalry, under the existing
circumstances being unable to act, remained in consequence
halted at Yilleneuve and La Borde. The infantry assembled
for the most part by 3 o'clock at Le Grand Orme, whilst the
95th Regiment, after continuous fighting, reached Le Petit Si
Jean. After storming the foremost farmsteads of this -place
General v. Wittich resolved for the present to await the arrival
of the Bavarians on his left.

General v. d. Tann, who had accompanied in ]^ei*son the move-
ments of the 22nd Division, had brought up the 1st Bavarian
Brigade from Chevilly in support of his right wing. This
brigade had advanced through Pomiers upon Ormes and
presently reached Villeneuve. The 4th Cavalry Division, which
in accordance with orders had bent away at St. P^ravy la Colombe
against the enemy's left flank, but in the close country south
of Ormes had found no opportunity for effective action, assembled
its brigades at La Martini^re, after the 8th had met with French
infantry at G^migny and in the adjoining forest^ and in conse-
quence had refrained from any further advance upon Menng.

Whilst these events were taking place on the right wing
of the army, the main forces of ^e Ist Bavarian Corps had
also become involved in serious engagements. The 4th Brigade
advancing along the old road from Chartres had detached three
battalions and a battery from Gidy with the object of seeking, in
the direction of Sary, connexion with the 22nd Division, which,
to judge from the distant roar of the artillery and our news
with regard to the enemy, must have met with a vigorous re-
sistance.^ When the head of this flank detachment, led by

* Order of march of the 4th Bayarian Brigade south of Gidy:

On the road to Saran :
Ilnd

10
8th 6-pr.

1
llird

10 ■
ITpd nnd IlTrd

J3
5th and 6th 6-pr.

4thC'iievauxU'i:.
4th stjua.iroa a\.is before Paris.)

Right flank detachment in the direction
of Sarj:

7th Rifle battalion.
4th 4-pr.

X
1st

10'

Ist ,_, ^ ,

"is"* ^ ^^^'

pany wrr with the siege park
before Fans.)

159

Lieut-Colonel Count v. Joner, entered the open country at
Sary, it was received with fire from the woods and isolated
farm buildings west of Saran as well as from some ^ns which
had unlimbered in the same place. After the nearest of these
farms had been cannonaded by the 4-pr. battery and then
stormed by the 1st and 2nd rifle companies, there arose a tough
and for the Bavarian battery very sanguinary struggle round a
fortified farmstead lying further to the rear. The French under-
took several forward movements from this farm, but were
eventually driven out of it when fresh Bavarian forces approached
the scene of the engagement. The entire flanking detachment
had meanwhile deployed in the clearing of the wood and took
part with four companies* in the pursuit now commencing, which
was also shared by six other companies hurrying up from the
main column.f In scouring the adjacent wood the Bavarians
made 200 prisoners ; the 8th company of the 10th Regiment
followed the enemy, who at 1.80 p.m. retreated further southward.

The troops of the 4th Brigade, advancing along the old road
from Cliartres, had first occupied La Tete Noire and the Saran
cemetery with the two companies of the 10th Regiment which
remained at the head. Upon this, two gims of the 8th 6-pr.
battery brought a fire to bear from the east upon the village,
whilst the 3rd battalion 13th Regiment ensconced itself at the
same time opposite the church in some isolated farmsteads and
sand pits, and shortly advanced to the attack. The adversary now
also evacuated Saran, and, pursued by the 2nd and 3rd battalions
13th Regiment through L'Orme au Coin and Les Valines, with-
drew in the direction of Orleans, leaving during its retreat part
of the men prisoners in the hands of the Bavarians.

On the Paris high-road the 3rd Brigade had reached from
Chevilly the neighbourhood of La Montjoie without impoi*tant
incident ; two battalions traversed in a southerly direction the
forest of Orl&ms as a left flank detachment.:]^ After a slight

1^ 3rd and 4th 3rd and 4th

7th Jiif. • 10

7th, 8th, and Illrd

lU
t Order of march of the 3rd Bavarian BrijEFade :

Main column on the Cheriliy high Left flank detachment in the Forest of

Orleans :

road:

l8t Rifle hattaliou.
Ist

3
2nd 4-pr.

Ilnd

"T"
6th 6-pr.

1
Ilird

3
Ilnd

12 *
3rd

^th Chcvauxleg.'

(Both battalions were

Ilird

IT'
Ist

12'

together odIj 5 companies

.»«^«» 3"! and 4th ,„ J ^. .
strong. , had not yet

returned from escorting the Sedan
prisoners, the —^ served as escort

to the trains. The two latter,
however^ reached the battle-field
towards the end of the action.)

160

delay, occasioned by meeting French detachments near La Mont-
joie, which, however, were speedily driven off* to beyond Le
petit Sougis by artillery fire, the main column continued its
march along the high road, in order by a further movement upon
Orleans to endanger at the same time the line of retreat of tlic
adversaiy then engaged at SiU-an. East of the railway embank-
ment two companies of rifles accompanied this movement on the
left flank.

When the Bavarian troops approached the rows of houses

which extended in unbroken succession from Bel Air to

Orleans, they met with seriousjresistance. In spite of the ground

being unfavourable to the deployment of artillery, four guns

of ^0 6th G-pr. battery were brought into action at the

high road, and near a windmill to tlie west of it, and the

infantry shortly forced their way into the nearest farms of Bel

Air ; yet no further progress could be made. The leader of the

bri^ule. Colonel Roth, now sent in consequence the 1st battalion

3rd Regiment to the west, the 1st rifle company to the east of

the place into the thickly planted vineyards, whilst the 2nd

battalion 3rd Regiment endeavoui'ed to press forward oneither side

of the railway embankment,* and the 4th rifle company continued

the frontal engagement on the high road. The above troops

ultimately gained possession it is true of the group of houses at

Bel Air, and also of the farm of La Cave at the railway, in

storming which Major Raizer was killed ;t but as no permanent

successes were obtained in the vineyards along the high road in

face of the fire of the adversary who was screened by the houses,

and the dny was already drawing to a close, the leader of the

Division, Major-Qeneral Schumacher, at 4 p.m. caused the two

battalions of the 3rd Brigade^ which were still available and had

been meanwhile brought up through Sougis, to take part in the

surging stniggle. After this advance, successful as it was at

first, had failed against the stubborn resistance of the French,

matters resolved themselves for the time into a stationary action,

in which the Bavarian Brigade held the positions which it had

up to that time gained, while the adversary maintained as before

the farm buildings and vineyards of Les Aides.

Meanwhile, however, the commander of the 4th Brigade,
Major-General v. d. Tann. had in consequence of the brisk firing
at the Paris high road caused first his three 6-pr. batteries to
come into action to the south of Saran against Les Aides, and
then also 1^ battalions of the 10th Regiment to advance in this
direction. After the 5th company, leading the advance, had
in conjunction with detachments of the 3rd Regiment driven the
enemy out of the farmsteads of Les Mdlinieres, these troops passed
about half-past 4 o'clock to the attack of the row of houses of
Les Aides lining the Chartres road, in which, however, they

* The 7th and 8th companies, "which hnd sought connexion from La Montjoie
with the left flanking detachment, rejoined from the east the 5th and 6th.

f Commander of the

and .

161

at first made but slow progi*es& The eDveloping attack of the
3rd battalion 13th Begiment, which, advancing from Les Yall^,
had driven some Frendi detachments out of Les Bordes and Les
Murlins/ and now likewise turned towards the west side of
Les Aides, caused the adversary indeed to retreat into the
eastern row of houses ; bat it was not until after a long and
sanguinary struggle that the Bavarian infantryt succeeded in
breaking the last resistance in the obstinately defended village.
The remainder of the 4th Brigade, which at 5 p.m. reached
Grange des Groues and St. Jean de la Buelle further west, there
entered into a vigorous musketry action with the enemy's
skirmishing lines deployed on the railway embankment opposite.

The left flanking detachment of the 3rd Brigade had during
the forenoon driven the Papal Zouaves, which were thrown for-
ward to the east of Cercottes, out of the Forest of Orl^ns, and in
the course of the afternoon had established connection by way of
La Foulounerie with the troops fighting at La Cave, and in con-
junction with them]: continued the forward movement along the
railway, in order by a pressure on the enemy's right flank to
relieve the main column m its struggle for Les Aides.

The fortified and strongly occupied railway station at Les
Aubra3rs was abandoned by the French after a stubborn
resistance.^ Hereupon Colonel Nardss^ with the five companies
of the 12th and the 7th company of the 3rd Regiment, stormed
the gas-works situated further south at the crossing point of the
railway. Thither came up also the 3rd company of the 4th Rifle
Battalion, which had received orders at Cercottes to form the
connecting link between the corps reserve and the left flanking
detachment. The enemy now made repeated assaults on the
gas-works, so that the Bavarians who had penetrated therein
were roughly handled and suffered considerable losses. Major
V. Tein fell, Major v. Kress was mortally wounded. When the
Colonel withdrew his troops, in consequence of shortness of
ammunition to the railway station previously mentioned, the
adversary regaining courage made likewise several attacks on this
position. The Bavarians however held to their post, and pressing
forward with all their might upon Orl&ms which was so close
at band, ultimately gained possession for the second time of the
gas-works and the adjoining vineyards.

About the same time that these events were taking place on

* In plAoe of Major Baxon t. Gumppenberg, who was badly wonnded in tbis
action. Captain Haag^ although himBelf wounded, had taken over the command of
the battalion.

Irt and 4th Istandlllrd 5th 6th, 7th, and 1 1 J Ilird and 5th

t 1st Bid 3 10 13

« nnd 2ud and 8rd.

'*' 8 IstBif.

§ The following took part in the attack on the railway station :

IIIr<i 8th

and, 3rd, and a^^ of the 1st The 1? and ^^ followed in second line.
Ist Bi£ 19 3

41648.

12 ' 8 *

162

the left wing of Oeneral v. d. Tann's force, that officer ordered
a general advance on the extreme right wing, in order to gain
poesession of Orleans before darkness set in. He ordered at
5 p.m. the 1st Bavarian Brigade to insert itself between the
I'Srd and the 4th Bavarian Brigade in the foremost fighting line,
whilst at the same time the 5th light battery of the 22nd
Division nnlimbered in the vineyards near Le Grand Orme,. and
commenced to act against the last position of the enemy.

When General v. Dietl, striking off to the left with the
greater part of the 1st Brigade from the high road into the
vineyards, reached the village just mentioned, the right wing of
the 4th Brigade was assembling there after an unsuccessful
assault of the railway embankment. The fire also of the
2nd Rifie Battalion now taking part in the struggle remained
at first without result. It was not until after the 32nd Resi-
ment had crossed the embankment further west by a way
pointed out to it by Lieut.-Colonel v. Heinleth, chief of the
Bavarian general staff, that the enemy finding his left flank
threatened retired to the suburb of St. Jean. The 95th Eegimeno
and the parts of the 1st and 4th Bavarian Brigades advancing to
the left of it, thereupon captured the railway embankment by a
sudden rush.

Under the personal guidance of Lieut.-Colonel v. Heinleth,
the Ist Bavarian Regiment, hitherto held in reserve on the high
road, made a dash through the suburb as far as a toll-gate
across the road. A vigorous musketry fire and a volley of hand
grenades brought the attack for a moment to a standstill. There
the already wounded Major v. Liineschloss with all the officers
placed themselves at the bead of the regiment, who now forced
their way with loud cheers into the town by a side entrance
which had been broken through, and, driving the enemy before
them along two parallel streets, reached at 7 p.m. the principal
square of du Martroi situated in the heart of the place.

Following immediately after this coliunn, the regiments of
the 43rd Brigade, as also the parts of the 1st and 4th Bavarian
Brigades in front line further on the left, skirmishing as they
went with some French detachments hastening towards the
Loire bridges, gained the streets of the outer circle through the
suburbs of St Jean and Bannier. General v. d. Tann, who had
likewise ridden forward to Orleans with General v. Wittich,
abstained for the present from any further pursuit of the beaten
enemy owing to the darkness. He however ordered the whole
of the 1st Bavarian and the 43rd Brigade to advance into the
interior of the city, to occupy the most important buildings
and the bridge over the Loire, and to bivouac in the larger
open squares. " Tlie rest of the troops arranged themselves for the
night in the neighbourhood of the places which they held at
the close of the struggle.

The loss of the Germans in the action at Orleans, amounted
altogether to about 900 men, and fell more particularly on the

168

3rd Bayarian Brigade.* The French had in the various inde-
pendent actions, and in the final retreat from the city, lost
over 1,800 prisoners ; besides these the victor captured more than
5^000 stand of arms, 10 locomotives, and nearly 60 railway
-waggona

On the 12th October, the 2nd Bavarian Division occupied the
esfltem^ the 22nd Division the western portion of the city of
Orl&uis.t The 1st Bavarian Division held this day the
suburb of Si Marceau lying on the left bank of the Loire, and
with its advanced troops Olivet on the Loiret brook. The 2nd
Cavalry Division and the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade also
crossed in the afternoon to the south bank of the stream.

The German cavalry scouting through the Sologne in all
directions met with hostile detachments during the following
da3rB at La Fert6 St. Aubin and Jouy le Pothier, but found both
rJaces abandoned on the 15 th. Further west on the Blois road,
French troops showed themselves on the 16 th, but were driven
off by shell fire. The bridges over the Loire at St. Denis dd
L'Hotel and over the Loiret brook at Olivet which had been
destroyed by the enemy were restored, the railway bridge at
Orleans made practicable for all arms, whilst the railway line
between Orleans and Tours was interrupted by blowing up
the viaduct at Beaugency. The 4th Cavalry Division, upon
whom devolved more particularly the duties of observation
towards the west, had, with the infantry assigned to it, occupied
the neighbourhood of Patay and Cotdmiers, and had placed a
strong flanking detachment]: in Meung and St. Ay on the Loira
Patrols of this Division while advancing upon Chateaudun and
in the Marchenoir wood had met with resistance from armed
inhabitants, whose daring behaviour led to the supposition that
there were hostile troops in the immediate neighbourhood.

The 15th French Corps after its defeat at Orleans had turned
with its main forces and Beyau's Cavalry Division in a southerly
direction to La Fert^ St. Aubin,§ where General d'Aurelle de
Paladmes assumed the chief command on the 12th October, and
between the 15th and 17th caused the retreat to be continued
across the Sauldre. Behind this position the Corps posted itSelf
for the protection of the towns of Bourges and Vierzon with the
1st Division and a Cavalry Brigade at .Argent, with the 2nd Divi-
sion at Pierrefitte, and with the rest of the troops at Salbris.
The latter point of passage, in accordance with instructions from

* See Appendix liXXI.

t A battalion guarded the trains aaaembled at Artenaj from FranctireQXB, who
from the eztentiTe woods made the neighbourhood there more and more insecure.

1 5th Dragoons, two guns, and infemtxy.

§ Only the troops of the 1st Diyision, which had taken part in the stnigglei
marched to Glen.

4164S. M

164

Tours, WAS in the event of an advance of the Qennans to be
defended to the last The 16th Corps at that time assembling at
Oieii and Biois covered the flank of the position on the Sauldre.
No attack was however made npon it.

The headquarters staff of the Ilird Army after the arrival of
the news of tlie engagement at Orl^ns had, it is true, contemplated
deriving increased advantages from the successes achieved, by
seising if possible the artillery stores collected at Bourges and
driving the French government out of Tours. Qeneral v. d. Tann
was ii^ormed of this arrangement, by letter of the 14th October,
but at the same time empowered to adapt his line of action to
the circumstances of the moment. When the general now
gathered that the French forces opposed to him were being con-
siderably augmented, that Bourges was fortified, and the masses of
workmen there were also inclined for resistance, he resolved in
conseouence of the comparatively small number of infimtry
availaole to refrain from any frirther forward movement through
the Bologne and to limit himself to holding the Loire position.
As comparatively nmall forces appeared sufficient for this purpose,
the headquarters on the 16th October ordered the 22nd Division
and the 4th Cavalry Division to rejoin tl)e Ilird Army, after
first driving awny the bands of franctireurs which had appeared
at Chateaudun and Chartres, and were continually harassing
the rear of tlie army investing Paris, and which had caused con-
siderable losses, e8])ecially to the German cavalry.

After the departure of the above troops General v. d. Tann
tranaferred the greater part of the 2nd Cavalry Division to the
right bank of the Loire, in the neighbourhood between Coulmiers
and St. Ay, whilst the 4th Cavalry Brigade remained on the
left bank and was annexed to the 1st Bavarian Division. As
security against an attack expected from the south the general
caused preliminary steps to be taken for destroying the bridges
over the Loire and Loiret, for rendering the fords impassable and
for bringing all river craft to the north bank.

In consequence of the intelligence of the appearance of fresh
foroes of the enemy at Blois, the Bavarian Commander in Chief
after the SOth October brought the whole of the 4th Brigade
with four batteries into tiie space between St. P^ravy, Coulmiers
and Ormes, the Sixl Brigade into the suburbs and nearest villages
west of Orleans. The 1st Bavarian Division occupied the city
with the 1st Brigade, the position between the Loire and Loiret
with the 2nd, and protected itself against Qien and tlie Forest
of Orleans with mixed detachments at the passage over the canal
at Pont aux Moines and at Loury. On the right alongside the 2nd
Cavalry Division, which remained in its position, tiie Bavarian
Cuirassier Bri^de occupied quarters in the neighbourhood of Si
Peravy. Af\er a French detachment had been driven back on the
S2nd October fix>m Lail^y to Beaugency, no further collision of
any importance occurred for the present upon this section of the
theatre of war.

An etappen road leading through Etampes to Longjumeau and

165

Corbeil, connected the German troops on the Loire with the Paris
line of investment. To supplement this, the Bavarian Field
Railway Division worked at the restoration of the line of railway
between Yilleneuve St. Georges and Orl^ns.

The 22nd Division had, in accordance with the mission with
which it was intrusted, moved forward on the 17th October
through Ormes to Toumoisis and in conjunction with the 8th
Cavahy Brigade,*,' brought up from Couhniers, resumed its
march on the following day towards Chateaudun.

In expectation of an attack this town had been provided on
the south and east sides with strong entrenchments; for its
defence, however, there were but 1^200 iranctireurs and National
Guards in readiness when the Germans approached it at noon
on the 18th, as the troops hitherto there had moved off that
morning to Blois by superior orders.

When the 22nd Division arrived before Chateaudun at the
time just mentioned,! the 13th Hussars were fired upon from the
entrenchments surrounding the town. The 8th Cavalry Brigade,
originally leading the advance, but then forming the left flanking
detachment of the marching column, had deployed to the north
of Nivouville, watching at the same time the roads from Cloyes.
Its batter}' of horse artillery fired upon the railway embankment
which was occupied by franctireurs, but was unable to dislodge
the enemy from his position.

In order to prepare the infantry attack with effect, General
V. Wittich in the first hour of the afternoon caused first the 3rd
heavy battery to come into action to the north of the road from
Orgferes, under the protection of the hussars, and the other three
Prussian batteries to the south of the Orleans road. On the
right flank of the line of guns, the 95th Regiment opened from
the north a musketry action with the enemy posted behind
walls and barricades, whilst the 32nd Regiment crossing the
i*ailway embankment moved towards the south side of Cha-
teaudun. The fusilier battalion of this regiment, in conjunction

♦ With a battery of horse artiUery ; in addition, the ^/ i-|^* had been

1st JtSaT.
attached to the SSnd Diyision.

t Order of march of the 22nd Division: —

18th Hussars.

1 Battalion 95th Begiment

1 Batteiy.

2 Battalions 95th Begiment.

•3 Pmssiao, 1 Bavarian battery.
32nd Beffiment.
3rd Field Pioneer Company.
44th Brigade.

-- . „ and -I- remained as escort to the trains j the 2nd Field Pioneer

18th Hussars 83

Company remained at Orleans.

The Division had been meanwhile joined by 3 cos. 83rd Begiment, and 5 cos.

94tb Begiment. See note *, p. 157.

164

Tours, was in the event of an advance of the Germans to be
defended to the last. The 16th Corps at that time assembling at
Gieu and Blois covered the flank of the position on the Sauldre.
No attack was however made upon it.

The headquarters staff of the Ilird Army after the arrival of
the news of the engagement at Orl^ns had, it is true, contemplated
deriving increased advantages from the successes achieved, by
seizing if possible the artillery stores collected at Bourges and
driving the French government out of Tours. General v. d. Tann
was iiSbrmed of this arrangement, by letter of the 14th October,
but at the same time empowered to adapt his line of action to
the circumstances of the moment. When the general now
gathered that the French forces opposed to him were being con-
siderably augmented, that Bourges was fortified, and the masses of
workmen there were also inclined for resistance, he resolved in
consequence of the comparatively small number of infEintry
available to refrain from any iiirther forward movement through
the Sologne and to limit himself to holding the Loire position.
As comparatively small forces appeared sufficient for this purpose,
the headquarters on the 16th October ordered the 22nd Division
and the 4th Cavalry Division to rejoin the Ilird Army, after
first driving awny the bands of franctireurs which had appeared
at Chateaudun and Chartres, and were continually harassing
the rear of the army investing Paris, and which had caused con-
siderable losses, especially to the German cavalry.

After the departure of the above troops General v. d. Tann
transferred the greater part of the 2nd Cavalry Division to the
right bank of the Loire, in the neighbourhood between Coulmiers
and St. Ay, whilst the 4th Cavalry Brigade remained on the
left bank and was annexed to the Ist Bavarian Division. As
security against an attack expected from the south the general
caused preliminary steps to be taken for destroying the bridges
over the Loire and Loiret, for rendering the fords impassable and
for bringing all river craft to the north bank.

In consequence of the intelligence of tl)e appearance of fresh
forces of the enemy at Blois, the Bavarian Commander in Chief
after the 20th October brought the whole of the 4th Brigade
with four batteries into the space between St F^ravy, Coulmiers
and Ormes, the 3rd Brigade into the saburbs and nearest villages
west of Orleans. The 1st Bavarian Division occupied the city
witk the 1st Brigade, the position between the Loire and Loiret
with the 2nd, and protected itself against Gien and the Forest
of Orleans wiiJi mixed detachments at the passage over the canal
at Pont aux Moines and at Loury. On the right alongside the 2nd
Cavalry Division, which remained in its position, &e Bavarian
Cuirassier Brigade occupied quarters in the neighbourhood of St.
P^ravy. After a French detachment had been driven back on the
22nd October from LaiUy to Beaugency, no further collision of
any importance occurred for the present upon this section of the

theatre of war.

An etappen road leading through Etampes to Longjumeau and

165

The 22nd Division had, in accordance with the mission with
which it was intrusted, moved forward on the 17th October
through Ormes to Toumoisis and in conjunction with the 8th
CavaCy Brigade,*.' brought up from Couhniers, resumed its
march on the following day towards Chateaudun.

In expectation of an attack this town had been provided on
the south and east sides with strong entrenchments; for its
defence, however, there were but 1,200 franctireurs and National
Guards in readiness when the Germans approached it at noon
on the 18th, as the troops hitherto there had moved off that
morning to Blois by superior orders.

When the 22nd Division arrived before Chateaudun at the
time just mentioned,! the 13th Hussars were fired upon from the
entrenchments surrounding the town. The 8th Cavalry Brigade,
originally leading the advance, but then forming the left flanking
detaclmient of the marching column, had deployed to the north
of Nivouville, watching at the same time the roads from Cloyes.
Its batter}' of horse artillery fired upon the railway embankment
which was occupied by franctireurs, but was unable to dislodge
the enemy from his position.

In order to prepare the infantry attack with effect, General
V. Wittich in the first hour of the afternoon caused first the 3rd
heavy battery to come into action to the north of the road from
Orgferes, under the protection of the hussai*s, and the other three
Prussian batteries to the south of the Orleans road. On the
right flank of the line of guns^ the 95th Regiment opened from
the north a musketry action with the enemy posted behind
walls and barricades, whilst the 32nd Regiment crossing the
railway embankment moved towards the south side of Cha-
teaudun. The fusilier battalion of this regiment, in conjunction

♦ With a battery of hone artiUery ; in addition, the ^^^f^' ^^ been

attached to the SSnd Division,
t Order of maieh of the 22nd Division:—
18th Hassan.
1 BattaUon 95th Begiment

1 Batteiy.

2 Battalions 9Sth Regiment.

n Prossiao, 1 Bavarian battery.
32nd Reffiment
3rd Wield Pioneer Company.
44th Brigade.

,^ . and — remained as escort to the trains j the 2nd Field Pioneer

I8th Hassan 83

Company remained at Orleans.

The Division had been meanwhile joined by 3 cos. Sdrd Regiment, and 5 cos.

94tb Regiment. See note *, p. 157.

166

with the 3rd pioneer company, captured the Nermont brick-kiln,
then also the fortified farmstead of Mont Doucet^ which the
Bavarian battery advanced on the left wing of the artillery line
had previously set on fire. But in their further forward move-
ment the Prussian sharpshooters came across the loopholed wall
of a vineyard and a stone barricade across the road^ so that the
action at this point came to a standstill.

General v. Wittich under these circumstances caused his
artillery to fire some time longer upon the defenders' positions.
After the first Une of attack had been reinforced by two bat-
talions of the 94th Regiment, the Germans as darkness was drawing
on passed from three sides to a decisive assault. The barricades
at the entrances to the town were captured ; but in the interior
the French held out with the stubbornness of despair, so that
house after house had to be stormed, and in the course of the
struggle which lasted for into the night a great part of the
place became a prey to the fiames. The French franctireurs fled
in complete disorder to Nogent le Rotrou, leaving 150 prisoners
behind. The loss in killed and wounded amounted on each
side to some 100 men. A considerable fine was imposed on the
town in consequence of the share which the inhabitants had
taken in the struggle.

On the following day the 22nd Division remained at Cha-
teaudun. An advanced guard thrown forward in the direction
of Chartres took possession of the passages of the Loire at
Marboud and Bonneval^ whilst the 8th Cavalry Brigade watched
with seveiul squadrons the roads to the west and south. The
advance of French franctireurs and hussars from Cloyes caused
the camp to get temporarily under arms in the afternoon. The
rest of the 4th Cavalry Division assembled to the north-east of
Chateaudun in the neighbourhood of Nottonville and Bazoches
en Dunois, whither the 9th Brigade had already proceeded in
advance on the 18th.

On the 20th October the movement was continued towards
Chartres. The 22nd Division, which on this day was joined by
two Bavarian batteries* despatched from Origins, reached Vitray
en Beauce^ its advanced guard, Le Temple ; tiie 4th Cavalry
Division accompanied the march with the 8th Brigade west^ with
the two others east, of the high road.

When General v. Wittich had learnt from the reports of his
patrols that the high road had been rendered impassable 4^
miles south of Chartres^ and that from 6>000 to 10,000 French
troops would be found in the town, he resolved to attack it with
his main forces from the south-east. He first pushed forward
early on the 21 st a small advanced guardf to Thivars, which with
the aid of pioneers made the high road again passable. The

e-pr. ^^ 12th la-pr. . ^^ g^ ^^ j^^ ^^ j^^ Bayuian Corps on

lOth

4 3

15th October.

t Fus. 4 4th , J* • • ^ •

W 13th Hussars

167

main body of the 22iid Division, bending away to the right
from the high road, marched to Houdouenne and from thenoe
in a northerly direction to the right bank of the Eure. To-
wards noon both brigades deployed, the 43rd on the left wing,
with seven batteries in the space between Le Coudray and the
road from Augerville to Chartres. French Marine Infantry
and Mobile Guards, which advanced frt)m the town to meet the
German troops, were driven back by artillery fire. On the right
flank of the German infi^ntry the 10th Cavalry Brigade swept
the country from Sours towards the road to Ablis, whilst the 9th
was held in readiness behind the left wing at Dammarie. The
8th Cavalry Brigade had already in the forenoon crossed the Eure
further west, taken up a position of observation at Chaumay and
destroyed the railway to Le Mans at Amilly. At the north-east
border of Chartres the 6th Cavahy Division had also appeared.
This latter, in accordance with a summons from General v.
Wittich, had assembled already on the 1 9th at Anneau, pushed
forward two squadrons of the 3rd Lancers towards Jouy on the
mondng of the 21st, and with the remainder taken in the fore-
noon the same direction through Houville.*

The civil authorities of the town, which was now almost
entirely surrounded by the German troops and in the event of
further resistance was threatened, with bombardment, had
meanwhile entered into negotiations. At 3 p.m. a treaty was
concluded by virtue of which the French troops retired westward,!
the National Guards laid down their arms, and Chartres opened
its gates to the Germans. The 22nd Division was quartered
inside the place, the 4th Cavalry Division with one brigade in
the environs to the west, the other two in those to the south-east,
between the Eure and the road to Anneau. The 6th Cavalry
Division, which in its further advance had been fired upon frt>m
Jouy and St Prest^ was at Gasville.

The stubborn contest at Chateaudun and the condition of
affairs on the Eure led to the certain inference that the
rear of the investing army before Paris was also seriously
menaced from the west. By order of the headquarters of the
lUrd Army the two first-named Divisions remained until further
notice in the neighbourhood of Chartres, whilst the 6th Cavalry
Division took up a position further north at Maintenon. From
both points mixed detachments patrolled the surrounding country
in all directions, without however meeting at any point with
resistance from hostile troops ; it was only the isolated patrols
which continued to be molested as before by gardes mobiles and
franctireurs.

* Onlj the Srd Hussars and 2 squadrons of the 15th Lancers had remained in the
previous positions at Kambonillet and Manrepas.

j In doing so they were fired upon hj the horse artillery battery of the 8th Cavalry
Briffode, which in its position at Channay had not yet been inibnned of the conclusion
of the treaty.

41648. N

168

In the ground to the south-east of Paris the oft-mentioned
Forest of FontaineUeau continued to remain a place of assembly
for bands of franctireurs. and the point of departure for much
hostility against the German troops deputed to collect provisions
on the right bank of the Seine. A detachment of the 13th Hussars
had been surprised by franctireurs on the 30th September at
Champdeuil, but had managed to withdraw without loss. In
October armed bands showed also further eastward at Montereau
and Nogent, and made incursions across the Seine. National
Gaards and franctireurs attacked at Les Puits on the 20th a
Wurttemberg company* despatched towards Naugis, but were
repulsed with a loss of about 50 men.

As according to the statement of the prisoners captured on
this occasion further enterprises on the part of the enemy might
be expected from Nangis, and, should this happen, the transport
of siege artillery at that thne taking place along the roads
between Nanteuil and Yilleneuve appeared endangered, the
WUrttemberg Division pushed forward a battalion with half a
squadron and two gunsf on the evening of the 21st to Touman.
This detachment under the leading of Ideut Colonel v. Schroder
reached Nangis on the 22nd, cross^ the Seine at Marolles on the
23rd, and advanced from the south into Montereau, which was
barricaded but not defended The dtisens of this town sur-
rendered their arma When the Wiirttembergers afterwards
moved up the south hsj^k, they encountered on the 25th on
this side of Nogent deployed skirmishing lines of French
Gardes Mobiles, whom, however, an attack of the cavalry, sup-
ported by shell-fire, speedily drove in. The Wlirttembeig troops
now turned towards the strongly occupied localities in front of
the west side of the town. Under a heavy fire they first captured
a row of houses along the high road, afterwards also the
cemetery further south, the surrounding wall having been pre-
viously breached by artillery fire. The French offered a stubborn
resistance inside the town, but iQtimately withdrew in the direc-
tion of Troyes, leaving behind some 600 men in killed, wounded,
and prisoners. The loss of the Wiirttembergers amounted to
some 50 men ; among the wounded was also Ideut-Colonel v.
Schroder. On the 27th October the small flying column
again entered Pontault ; it had in 6 days marched upwards of
125 miles.

In rear of the north line of investment before Paris, special
measures had become necessary as early as September against
the bands of franctireurs appearing on the Oise, which had esta-
blished themselves more especially iu the wooded country near

•Jit with i^Dd

3 SrdCav,

1 1^ -^^"^ , and S gims of th« 7tli Battery.
3 ' SrdCaT.

169

L'Isle Adam and also in the neighbourhood of Creil further up
the stream, and often caused casualties among the detachments
of the Meuse Army employed in collecting provisions. For the
occupation of this district and at the same time to make pre*
parations for opening the traffic on the lines of rail converging
at Creil, the headquarters had arranged the despatch of a
stronger force to that important section of the river.

The Saxon Cavalry Division and the fusilier battalion 2nd
Quard Regiment* advanced on the 26th September to Creil, forced
their way with a detachment into Clermont on the following
day, without encountering any great resistance, and subsequently
extended as far as Beauvais. After the detachment had occupied
Cbantilly and the other villages just mentioned with its main body,
it was further reinforced at the beginning of October by the
two grenadier battalions of the 2nd Guard Regiment and the
2nd Sietxon horse artillery battery.

On the left of the Saxon Cavalry Division the 3rd Lancers of
the Quard had scoured the woods to the east of the Lower Oise
on the 26th September, and with the aid of the 1st battalion 7l8t
Regiment, brought up on the following day to Chauvry, reached
Lisle Adam after some slight skirmishes. This place was at once
reoccupied by the enemy on the withdrawal of the Germans, but
on the 29th was again captured after a brisk resistance by a
detachment of the Meuse Army advancing in several columns
towards Beaumont. This detachment, consisting of the 1st Guard
Lancers, the 1st battalion 27th Regiment, two guns and one
pioneer company of the lYth Army Corps, was to guard the
country on the lower Epte, being in contact at the same time
with the Saxon Cavalry Division. The detachment was joined
at the commencement of October by the 3rd Lancers of the
Guard. Prince Albrecht of Prussia, the younger, now assumed
command over all the troops assembled at Beaumont.

In view of these forces on the Oise showing front towards the
north-west and the patrols from the Meuse Army making incur-
sions from the northern line of investment as far as Pontoise and
Luzarches, the inhabitants gradually assumed a more peaceful
bearing. The reopening of railway traffic from Gonesse through
Chantilly and Creil to Clermont and Beauvais, which came into
operation towards the middle of October, taken in conjunction
with the establishment of regular markets, at which large supplies
were purchased for the magazines, contributed materially to
the tranquillity of the district But beyond this district under
their immediate control the German patrols nearly everywhere
encountered armed resistance; moreover there were increased
indications of the assembly of large bodies of troops in Picardy
and Normandy. On the 1st October a detachment of 2,000 men
encamped to the south of Breteuil had .withdrawn in front of the
1st squadron Saxon Cavalry Regiment of the Guard to Amiens ;

* The battalion wu pof t«d at Chantilly fbr th« protaetion of tha anny magasioe.

170

on the following day the 2nd squadron 18th Lancers came into
collision near Qonmay with some French hussars and franctireurs.

The commander-in-chief of the Mouse Army, under these cir-
cumstances, ordered a general forward movement of the German
forces posted on the Oise. The troops at Beaumont approached
nearer to the lower Epte by way of Mem, and on the 9th October
occupied quarters in Gisors and Magny, having previously deared
the wood behind the former place of franctireurs by means of a
few rounds of shell On the 10th, parts of the Saxon Cavaliy
Division advanced from Beauvais against Goumay, which had
just been abandoned by the enemy ; no permanent occupation of
this very distant point was undertaken. From the new positions
a regular patrol service to the west and north was established.

In consequence of the news of the arrival of French Gardes
Mobiles at Breteuil and Montdidier, Lieutenant-General Count
zur Lippe caused the former place to be attacked from two sides
on the 12th October. A force of all arms* which advanced from
Clermont drove the Gardes Mobiles from Breteuil, and then
with the aid of the troops arriving from Beauvais repulsed with
artillery fire a counter attack made by them^t The 1st squadron
Cavalry Regiment of the Guard, which had gone round Breteuil
to the eastward, fell upon the flank of the enemy retiring along
the AmiftUfl road and captured some 30 prisoners. The total loss
of the French amounted to about 70 men.

On the 17th October an attempt was made upon Montdidier
fix)m Clermontt The bursting of some shells in this place caused
the French troops there to beat a hasty retreat, in which they
were overtaken by the 2nd squadron of the Cavalry Regiment
of the Guard. The latter made upwaixls of 180 men prisoners.

On the lower Epte the Lancer Brigade of the Prussian Guard
posted at Gisors and Magny had established regular communica-
tion with the parts of the 5th Cavalry Division at Mantes. The
cavalry parties scouting in a westerly direction, after unimportant
skirmishes at Ecouis and Gasny, dislodged the enemy's out-
posts from the Andelle position and the Bois de Vernon, where
superior forces impeded the pursuit. As on the 19th a detach-
ment despatched from Gisors was fired upon at Etrepagny,
Prince Albrecht led the troops at his disposal against this place
on the following day. The enemy who held the farm of La
Broche and La Heronnerie Wood to the eastward was driven
from these places and from EtrSpagn}'-, but received support at

^ ,'^° -, Saxon CaTalry Reffiment of the Guard and two-thirds of the

2nd Guard

2nd Saxon Horse Artillery battery under Major v. Fnncke.

c. A A — :?' ^^^ Lancers, ^ ,^^^ , and Ut Saxon Horse Artillery batterv,
2nd Guard 3rd Cav. "^ " *

under Major General Senfft v. Pilsach.

1 2nd, 3rd, 6lh 3rd , . ,,. , « , . . ,t a_.ii

*7= j-TT 1— r?^ 5» And two-thirds 2nd Saxon Horse Artillery battei'v

Guard Cavy. 2nd Guard "^ "^

under Major t. Funcke.

171

Nojeon le Sec firom fresh troops. A recoimaissaDoe made on the
22nd towards Vernon with two companies, two squadrons, and
two guns showed that the French had destroyed the bridge over
the Seine at that place ; and that therefore there was no likeli-
hood of an attack from this side. On the left bank of the
stream only men in blouses were seen ; with these shots were
exchanged. During the return march through the Bois de Vernon
the Germans sustained some losses frt)m the iire of franctireurs.

On the other hand, during the last ten days of October, a
general advance of the adversary from the Andeile was apparent.
To reinforce the German troops on the Epte the remaining bat-
talions of the 27th Begiment, with 10 guns of the 2nd heavy
and 3rd horse artillery batteries IVth Army Corps, had moved
off as early as the 20th October from Fontoise.* The passages
of the Oise at Beaumont and Pontoise, which had been destroyed
by the French, had been meanwhile replaced by new field bridges,t
which formed the communication between the advanced troops
on the Epte and the right flank of the northern line of investment
round Paris.

On the French side the proceedings were limited at present to
sending franctireurs against the line of the Epte ; in the neigh-
bourhood to the north of Etrdpagny constant collisions took
place between smaller detachments and patrols. Further in rear,
on the roads leading to Gisors and Goumay, at Fleury and La
Feuillie stood the main body of the Garde Mobile which had
been assembled at Bouen, in a strength of about 14,000 men.
At Bouen and Le Havre, where entrenchments were actively
proceeded with, there were two battalions in each place.

The newly formed French troops in Picardy had after the
actions at Breteuil and Montdidier been again concentrated for a
time round Amiens. In the last week of October, however, intelli-
gence reached the Saxon Cavalry Division that the enemy was
establishing himself at several points upon the railway between
Amiens and Bouen, and that .the former commander of the

* The troops of the Aimy of the Meme pushed forward towards the north-west,
were, therefore, disposed in two main groups :

1. On the line Creil-Clermont-BeaaTais, under Lieat.-GenenU Count zur

Lippe:
Saxon Cayalry Division with the
1st and 2nd H. A. batteries,
and 2nd Foot Guards - - 3 batt., 16 squadrons, 2 batteries.

2. On the lower Epte at Gisors and

Magny under Lieut-General Prince
Allvecht of Prussia:
Lancer Brigade of the Guard.
27th Regiment

2nd Heavy, Srd H. A., and
1st Pioneer Co., IVth Army
Corps - - - - 3 batt., 8 squadrons, 2 batteries.

Total . 6 „ 24 „ 4 „

t At Beaumont, towards the end of September, a pontoon bridge. Inter on a
firmer bridge, at Pontoise on 21st October a pontoon bridge.

172

Imperial Guard, Qeneral Bonrbaki, had a»amed the chief
direction of all tlie foroee in north-weBtem France.*

In consequence of a reconnaiflsance made on the 25 th October
from Beauvais to Qrandvilliers, by which the presence of nume-
rous Gardes Mobiles and hussars at Formerie was established, 3
companies, 6 squadrons, and 6 guns,t under the command of Major-
General Senfit v. Pilsach were assembled on the 27th at Mars^e.
When these troops resumed their march on the following morning
in a north-westerly direction, the Lancers at the head of the
column came into collision at Mureaumont with some French
hossars, who were thrown back beyond Formerie. As the Lancers
were fired upon by musketry from this place, two Saxon guns
came into action against it ; the Ist company 2nd Guard Regi-
ment hereupon advanced to the attack and forced its way as fiur
as the market place, in spite of the vigorous resistance of the
enemy. But the original weak garrison in Formerie had been
meanwhile gradually reinforced by two battalions of Garde
Mobile, some guns and marine in&ntry. Id order in the fii'st
place to produce the fullest effect from the artillery against the far
superior force of the enemy, the leading Guard company was
temporarily withdrawn to the east entrance of the little town,
where the 2nd company had meanwhile established itself. The
8th company was deputed to outflank Formerie on the east

But on this side as well stronger bodies of the enemy suddenly
appeared on the scene. A detachment despatched on the day
previously by rail from Amians to Poix, and which had reached
Grandvilliers on the morning of the 28th, had in consequence of
the artillery fire audible about 11 a.m. moved forwud in a
westerly direction by way of Feuqui^res, occupied the village of
Bouvresse and despatched 500 men with some guns to Mureau-
mont. Whilst the two first-named companies of the Guard
gradually dislodged the adversary from Formerie, the 8th came
into collision at Bouvresse with the reinforcements just men-
tioned. Shortly after, a division of lancers, watching on the right
flank, also reported the enemy's advance upon Mureaumont. As
the German line of retreat was thus seriously threatened, and the
rain-soddened ground did not allow of advantage being reaped
from the superior force of cavalry. General Senfib v. Pilsach
caused the fight to be broken off at 2 p.m. Under cover of the
artillery fire, the three Prussian companies commenced their
retreat through Campeaux, whilst the Saxon Lancers repulsed
the enemy advancing from Mureaumont, and then trotted forward
to the cross roads south of Songeons. Thither followed also the

* General Bourbaki had been sent with the ooneQrience of the royal headquarters
from Meti to London, and after completing hia mission was awaiting at Lnxembonre
farther instractions with regard to his retnm to Metx. As the negotiations eanied
on with the royal headquarters with regard to that offioer were somewhat protracted.
General Bourbaki proceeded to Tonrs and there placed himself at the disposal of
the French Goremment.

t l»t, and, and 8th jg^ Laneers, ^^^ , and 6 guns of the two horse
Snd Guard. 8id CaTy. "

artillery batteries of the Xllth Corps.

178

•

other troops, after the rear-gaard division of the 8th company
had repulsed another forward movement of the adversary from
Formerie. At 9.30 p.m. the Germans once more entered Beauvais ;
their loss on this day amounted only to some 20 men.

The collision at Formerie just described, wherein the French
by concerted arrangement had engaged with all three arms,
gave a clear idea of the progress of the enemy's prepara-
tions. He occupied from Amiens on the subsequent days the
larger villages on the road from Montdidier to Cfoumay, whilst
he pushed foinvard from the Andelle to Les Andelys, and with
isolated detachments still further to the east in the direction
of the Epte. In expectation of a serious attack the bridges over
this river were destroyed by the QermanSy tlie paanages over the
Oise between Creil and Beaumont prepared for destruction, and
the troops, especially in Gisors, Beauvais, and Clermont were
held in a constant state of readiness.

The situation on the theatre of war in Western France towards
the close of the month of October may be described in general
terms as follows :

After the enemy had succeeded with surprising rapidity in
placing fresh masses of troops in the field on the Loire and in the
north-west parts of the country, the German Cavalry Divisions
no longer sufficed of their own strength for the effective protection
of the rear of the army investing Paris. The necessity had rather
become apparent for appointing. as well, detachments of other arms
for tliis purpose, and more especially for despatching a large force
of troops to the south. This latter had pressed forward after a
series of victorious engagements up to and across the Loire. The
1st Bavarian Corps and the 2nd Cavalry Division in position at
Orleans now protected the investing army against the 15th
French Corps thrown back into the Sologne, and the 16th
collecting at Blois and Gien. On the middle Eure stood facing
the west the 22nd Infantry Division and the 4th Cavalry Divi-
sion at Chartres, the 6th Cavalry Division at Maintenon. The 5th
Cavalry Division further on the right secured the country as far
as the Seine and maintained connection through Mantes with the
detachments of the IVth, Xllth and Guard Corps thrown forward
to the Oise and Epte. These had been for some time in im-
broken contact with the adversary's forces assembling at Rouen
and Amiens.

The army investing Paris had since the 20th September
strengthened itself more and more in its positions, and had
successfully held them against the repeated assaults of the enemy.
The material for opening the formal attack, now resolved upon
at the headquarters of His Majesty the King, was likewise for
the most part already in its place.

Of the Meuse Army, which commanded the country between
the right bank of the Seine and the Mame, the IVth Army Corps

174

Btood fiadng the entrenchments on the Gennevilliers peninsula,
the Quard Corps opposite the northern outworks of the capital, the
Saxon Corps in front of the Bomainville plateau. These were
prolonged in the delta of the two streams by the positions of the
Wurttemberg Division, and of the 17tli Infantry Division, whilst
the main forces of the Ilird Army occupied the ground in front
of the fortress on the left bank of the Seine. At that point the
YIth Corps secured the position between the Seine and the Bievre,
the Ilnd Bavarian the plateau west of the latter rivulet, the
21st Division the wooded district of Meudon and Sevres. The
entrance to the hilly district south-west of Mount Yalerien was
barred by the Yth Cor()s, on the left flank of which the Guard
Landwehr Division at St. Qermain en Laye completed the ring
of troops round the hostile capital.*

The Etappen battalions of the Ilird and Meuse Armies, the
2nd Landwehr Division brought up to the Champagne since the
middle of September and the other forces of the Governments
Generals of Rheims and Lorraine, formed it is true but a very
loose connecting link between the troops before Paris and the
German forces in Eastern Franco, which latter troops on their
part had made considerable progress and had achieved a success
of very momentous consequence for the progress of the campaign.

* Appendix LXXVI. contains a statement of the forces at the disposal of tho
commanders of the Ilird and Meuse Aimies at the close of October.

Last Engagements with the French Army of the Rhine.
Occurrences .vfter the Fall ok Strassbcjrg and Metz
TO the Middle of No^'EMBER.

The Investment of Metz after the Battle of Noisse-

VILLE.*

The change iu the general miKtary situation Avhich had re«
suited from the capitulation of Sedan had not remained without
influence on the state of affau's at Metz. As a renewed attempt
on the part of Marshal Bazaine to break out to the north or
north-west need not be expected for the present,! Prince Frederic
Charles had in the early days of September caused all arrange-
ments for the investment to centre upon the south side of the
fortress, and on the 7th had also sliitted his head-quarters from
Malancourt to Corny. The movement to the right of the Vlllth
and Vllth Corps^J already commenced during the battle of
Noisseville, was shortly continued in such Avise that the out-
posts of these Coi-ps occupied the ground between Jussy and
bt. Thiebaut farm. On the right of tlio latter the Xlllth
Corps, assembled at Chesny and Laqueuexy, extended its out-
posts as far as Colombey, whilst the Ist brought up the Division
on its left wing to Ketonfay. The IXth Corps, which had returned
after the battle of Noisseville to the loft bank of the Moselle,
pushed southward to Gravelotte, and occupied with a Division
the positions betAvcen Jussy and Chatel St. Germain, which
had been evacuated by the Vlllth Corps ; further to the left the
Ilird Corps, encamped at Vemeville, guarded with a Division
the ground as far as Saulnay, where it touched the right wing
of the Xth. As reserve to the south-west line of investment,
the Ilnd Corps, which had moved off from the neighbourhood
of Briey, posted its 4th Division at Rezonville, and its 3rd be-
tween Gorze and Noveant.

The already mentioned despatch of the Xlllth Corps
towards Toul and to the Champagne§ gave rise between tno
11th and 18th September to fr(^ removals, after the comple-
tion of which the positions of the troops remained without
change until the end of the month. In the eastern hne of in-
vestment the Ist Ai-my Corps was reinforced by thi'ee Land-
wehr battaUons of the 3rd Reserve Di\T8ion, and was extended
as far as the road from Ars Laquenexy to Metz, whilst the

* For this part of the narratiye, 8«6 general map No. 1, and plan No. 11.
t See remarks, Part I, Vol. II, pp. 531—534.
J See Fart I, Vol. II, p. 529.
§ See Port II, pp. II and 57.

176

Vllth Corps lent support to it fioni the Avest, and the Vlllth
occupied tlio ground Letween tlio Moselle and tSeille. As the
latter on the 18tli occupied the heights east of ilarly with its
right wing, the Vlltli Cori)s on its part was enabled to move fur-
ther to tlie right, close up to Coloinbey. and the Ist was able to
-withdraw its left wing to that place. The 25th Division had
moved uj) into the i)ositioiis evcacuated by the Vllltli Corps on
the left bank of the Jloselle at J ussy iind Ars. The Ist Cavalry
Division, wliich had been brought up on the 2nd September from
Habonville across tlie ibjselle to Fey, in order to oppose an ex-
pected sortie of masses of French cavalry from the neighbom-
hood of AlontiGrnv, had since the middle of the month been on
the right bank of tlie Seille, at Pontoy. at the disposal of the
Vllth Corps ; the 3rd Cavalry Division had been since the 5th
September in the neighbourhood of Coin les Cuvry, consequently
in the present rayon of the VIII th Corps ; while the 3rd Reserve
Division remained with its disposition unchanged, on the right
bank of the iloselle, nortli of Metz.*

The 70th and ()8tli Regiments,"^ left at Saarlouis and Coblenz
at the outbreak of the war. had joined tlie Vlllth Corps during
the first decade of Septeml)er. and in their place the 72nd and
()7th Regiments were for tlie time employed on gamson duties
in home ten-itory. The (ioth Regiment, which had been hke-
wise ordered to rejoin its Corps, did not do so for the present,
as in the meantime this regiment had been appointed to other
duties in the field.

Large numbers of reserves, arrived from home temtory. had
reinforced the ranks of the army, wliich, hoAvever, for some
time was deprived of considerable forces by having been called
on to participate in the duty of escorting the prisoners from
Sedan. J The defence towards the west now devolved upon
Lieuteiiant-General v. Bothmer s Coi-ps, which soon after its
arrival before Thionville, on the 3rd September, had been ap-
pointed to capture Verdun, and at the same time time to pre-
serve the comnmnication with Sedan. The duty of watching
Thionville remained committed to the comparatively weak de-
tachment under Major-General v. Strantz.§

The Etappen troops (jf the Ist and Ilnd Armies, which had
likewise been utilised at first lor escorting the prisoners, and for

* See opposite sketch.

t See Part I, Vol. I, p. 41 ; and Vol. II. p. 481, et teq.

Z Sec Part I, Vol. II, p. 407. Alto pet her were employed on this duty 14 bat-
talions, 6i squadrons of the Armr of Investment, tlie last detachments of which
did not again reach Met« until the 25th tfeptember. The strength of the inTcsting
army at the end of September amounted to 4,429 ofiiecrs, li^2,897 men, 33,136
horse, and 658 guns.

S With regawi to the prcTious arrangements for the inrfstment of Metz on the
west and north, see inter alia, Part I, Vol. II. }»p. 406, 481 — 182. The 9th LanccTs,
employed before Verdun, had rejoined the let Cavalry Division towards the middle
of September. The Zieten Hussars, as already mentioned), followed the 6th Cavolry
Division to Paris. Tlie pioneer companies of the XI 1th and the Guard Corj)s,
left at first before Metz («?oc Part I, Vol. II, p. 177), had been sent after the
Army of the Mouse.

177

employment upon railway works, and had also served as re-
serve behind mSerent points of the line of investment round
Metz, passed by virtue of the new Etappen arrangements for
the most part under the orders of the Governments-General
about the middle of September.*

At this time the officer liitherto commanding in chief the 1st
Army was recalled for other duties, and this army was now
also placed imder the immediate ordera of Prince Frederick
Charles.

During an exchange of prisonera on the 6th September, the
head-quartei*s of the investmg army had sent into Metz somo
hundred men of the old aimy of Chalons, with a view to inform-
ing Marshal Bazaine, in a way not to be misunderstood, that
that army had suffered defeat, and that a veiy radical change
liad taken place in the affairs of Fitince, and of thereby indu-
cing him if possible to enter into negotiations. In order to
emphasize the pressure intended with regard to the last
object, the French camps and the suburbs of Metz were bom-
barded on the 9th. The enemy's outposts having been sur-
prised during the morning at several pomts, and many prisoners
taken, 19 German batteries opened a vigorous fire at 7 p.m., from
the ground to the south, west, and north of the fortress ; after
an hour it was, however, discontinued, as the pouring rain
and the impenetrable darkness made it impossible to observe
the effect of the fii'e.f Neither measure led to the desired re-
sult. [Marehal Bazaine published in ^letz the information which
had reached him, ^vith the postscript that the duties of the
Rhine Army were now as ever they had been ; that the latter
would therefore continue to defend the fatherland against the
intruding foe, and pubUc order against evil passions. On the
16th September the Marahal, it is true, begged from Prince
Frederic Charles more precise intelligence with regard to the
present condition of France ; yet the response to these ques-
tions made apparently no change in the resolutions of the
French commander-in-chief.

As the Germans had, therefore, to look forward to a longer
resistance, and to fresh attacks from the enemy, the works of
fortification along the entire front of investment proceeded
almost without intermission.^

The 3rd Reserve Division increased their shelter trenches
between Malroy and Rupigny, and threw up in the real fighting
position some more gun emplacements, pai-t of which fronted
towards the left bank of the Moselle. In the same manner the
1st Army Coi-ps strengthened the line of defence of its right

* On this matter, see Part II, p. 133 — 1')6, and Appendix LXXII. Of the
Etappen of the Ist Armj, shown in the latter, the Eupen battalion i^-as shortlj ap-
pointed to join the troops inresting Thionnlle.

t The bombardment took place in the ereuiuj^f because, in yieir of the superior
fortress artillery, it was onlj under the cover of darkncfs that the field batteries
could be brought near, and be subsequently withdrawn without considerable losses.

J See Part I, Vol. II, pp. 474—476, and 486.

B 2

178

wing, now stretching from Failly as far as NoiBseville, as well
as the gi'onnd south of the Saarlouis high road, which was
hitherto entirely unfortified and only watched by cavalrj'. In
the latter position the viUages of Montoy and Coincy, in ad-
dition to the breweiy, were arranged for defence and con-
nected by means of shelter trenches. A large number of gun
emplacements served to command the gromid on the west side
of the fortress, more especially the roads leading from Metz ;
the Nouilly ravine was barred with abattis.

Similar preparations were made in the section occupied since
the middle of September by the Vllth Army Corps. In front
line, Aubigny, Ars La(juenexy, Jmy, Chesny, and Pouilly were
fortified, the intei*venmg ground, more especially the outer
border of the woods at Courcelles and the Bois de TEdpital,
were provided with shelter trenches and gun emplacements,
while to the west of the latter wood a second line of de-
fence was provided, which reached as far as the high road
south of Pouilly. Mercy-le-Haut and Peltre formed merely ad-
vanced posts, which were not intended to be held against
a serious attack. Further south, on the long range of heights
of Omy, lay the actual defensive position of the Corps, which
with a contmuous line of works, and in conjunction with batteries
at Mecleuves, commanded the two main roads leading south-
wards from Metz, and appuyed its left flank on the Bois d'Avigy,
on tiie Seille.

Between the Seille and Moselle the works akeady begun were
continued and extended as far as the former river. The fights
ing position here, already very strong by nature, now stretched
from Marly through Augny to Orly farm, and from thence, as
before, along the north edge of the Jouy wood to Polka farm.
In the outpost position were the fortified farmsteads of Tom-
nebride and Frescatj-. From the gun emplacements at Haute^
Rive, as well as between Augny and Marly, the basin of the
Seille and the road to Pont-i-Mousson could be more pai-ticu-
larly taken imder fire.

On the left bank of the Moselle a hne of defence, indicated
by the villages of Vaux, Jussy, Rozerieulles, and Chatel St.
Gennain was thrown up, and then contmued from the first-named
place as far as the river. The Ilird Corps fortified a position
on the heights of ilontigny and Amanvillei-s ; the troops also
threw up a gun emplacement more in advance near the Lorry
road. Abattis between NoiToy and Feves, and a large niunber
of newly constnicted successive lines of shelter trenches in the
low ground of the Moselle south of Maizieres completed the
defensive works within the rayon of the Xth Corps.

The /)() heavy guns which had arrived from home were
gradually brought into position behind strong cover on com-
manding points round the fortress.* Light-towera visible to

• See Part I. Vol, II, p. 488. Since the 9tli September there were batteries, each
armed Trith 10 hcaTj guDS. on tlic Jusst heights and to the north of Sem^ourt, since

179

some distamiG rendered it possible to summon the troops rapidly
to arms in all the sections of the line of investment. The ne^
work of telegraphs had been completed by fresh stations, and
from Maisderes liad been brought into connection with the
troops observing Thionville;* while additional bridges had
been thrown over the Seille and Moselle. Towards the end of
September, a field railway avoiding the fortress of Metz, and
which had been for some time in coiu*8e of construction, was
thrown open to traffic between Rcmilly and Pont-a-Mousson,
while shortly afterwards a section of the Ardennes railway,
north of Maizieres, was placed in working order by the engineers*

The feeding of the troops encountered, as before, con-
siderable difficulties, as the supply of live cattle was limited
to purchases in Holland and I^elgium, in consequence of the
cattle plague having broken out in Germany, and afterwards
in Alsace. Besides the other sources of suppiyi* ak*eady
mentioned, tins of preserved-meat were obtained trora factories
at Berlin and Mainz. Compressed hay and a corresponding
increase of the ration of oats made up for the deficiency of
hay and straw, the transport of which from home, for the reason
already stated, had likoAvise to remain in abeyance for the pre-
sent. In consequence of the continuous rain, the troops, by
orders from Army head-quarters, were placed as much as
possible in quartera ; the construction of more cover was car-
ried on Avith the greatest diligence, so that ultimately three-
fourths of the men had a roof, although for the most part of the
scantiest kind, over their heads. The state of health, which
had been at fii-st generally favourable, had fallen off to a con-
siderable extent at the approach of cold weather ; dysentery
became more and mcn-e prevalent, and in the latter half of
October there were nearly 40,000 sick in hospital.

The connection of the army of investment with home terri-
tory was maintained chiefly by the Saarbrucken-Remilly rail-
way, and, as already mentioned, by the prolongation of the
same line to Pont-a-Mousson ; the 1st Army used in addition the
high roads lying to the north. The Inspection-General of
Etappen of this Army, in consequence of the fii-st movement to
the nght on the 6th September, had gone from Corny to Bazan-
court; its etappen head-quartera were transfeiTcd later from
Courcelles to Hemy, whilst those of the ILid Aimy remained
under the existing arrangements.:^

the 17th there had been a Biinilar one to tlie 90uth- \rc«t of Amanyillen. Tho remaining
2lt guns had been distributed since the beginning of the month on Mont St. Dhuie,
on tho slag-hill near tho Ars railway station, at Jouj and Augny. After seyeral
changes of position, tho latter were ultimately collected into two equally strong
batteries west of Augny and north of the Clie?ai Rouge farmstead (on tlic road from
Chateau Salins to Metz). The battery at Jussy took part in tho previously men-
tioned bombardment on the evening of the t)th, and is included in the abore total
of 19 batteries.

* With the Ilird Corps there was also an optical telegraph connecting the head-
quarters with the two Divisional Commanders.

t See Part I, Vol. II, p. 478.

X On this point compare more particularly Part I, Tol. II, pp. 4G3— 468.

180

The French Army of the Rhine had, after the battle of
NoiBseyille, at first assumecl a purely defensive attitude.
Marshal Bazaine, it is true, in a report to the Emperor on the
failure of the attempt to break through the line, said that he
would make eveiy eflfort in order to extricate himself from his
present position. The news, however, of the events at Sedan
shortly caused other considerations to have their weight. De-
prived of the hope of being able to extend the hand to an ad-
vancing army of relief, the Army of the Rhine, even were it
successful in piercing the line, ran the danger, without food and
trains in impoverished districts, of succuinbing to the pursuing
Germans. The Marshal, therefore, resolved not to commit him-
Sjelf for the present to any serious engagement, but to await
under the walls of Metz the further development of the internal
circumstances of France. The outposts were drawn at different
. points nearer to the fortress, and the defensive works com-
menced m August were actively continued.* With the excep-
tion of Fort St. Privat, all the advanced forts were completely
finished at the end of September ; newly erected small works,
fortified villages and farms, batteries and shelter trenches,
formed a protecting girdle round the camps of the Army of the
Rhine.

It was of com*se to be foreseen that the constant diminution
of food would some day put an end also to the present atti-
tude. The wants of the army were, it is true, still supplied
as much as possible by purchases from the well filled and
separately administered stores of the inhabitants ; but in order
that these latter and the hospitals should not be deprived of
the cattle still available, horse-flesh had been alone issued to
the troops since the 4th September. The consumption of this
last increased considerably, as during the month tlie issue of
diminished rations of bread had already to be ordered. This
measure, and in addition the defective nourishment of the
horses diminished their number shortly to such an extent that
the majority of the cavalry regiments could only muster two
squadrons.!

In order to mitigate as far as possible these evils, and to raise
again the confidence of the ti'oops by active operations, Marshal
Basaine in the last decade of September resolved to attempt
the capture by force of all the supplies attainable in the villages
in front of, and witliin the line of the German outposts.

• S«e Pwt I, Vol. II, p. 479—480.
At tbe commencement of the inrestment the fortms wms ptoTuioned for Uie
picecribed irmr giimson for fixe months, for the 70,000 inhabitante (including the
countrr people uho bad taken refuse, driTen. &c.> for three and a half montha. bnt
for the Armr of the Rhine, with proriaiona oulr for 41 dajs. and with oate for 23
daT». Soe Part I, Vol. II, p. kSil. Har was no lonjyer issued after the 1st Sep-
tember : the price of that oommoditj rose on the oth to 50 francs for 100 kilogrammes.
MauT otiicen sold their horNs for butcher's meat.

181

Sorties of the 22nd, 23kd, and 27th Septimbib.

At noon on the 22nd September a brisk fire was first opened
from Fort St. Julien upon the Prussian outposts at Noisseville
and Servigny. Strong detachments of the 3rd French Corps
then occupied the villages of Nouilly, Lauvallier, and Colombey,
from whicli they carried off the available supplies of garden
pi-oduce upon waggons which they had broue^ht vrith them.
On the road to Bouzonville dense bodies of skirmishers had
meanwhile penetrated into Villers L'OiTne.* whilst of other
troops, supported by the fire from Fort Queuleu, part captured
La Gmnge-aux-Bois and Mercy-le-Haut, part advanced against
Peltre, The outposts of the Ist and Vlltn Aimv Corps retired
in skirmishing order to the main position, in whicli two batterieflf
came into action against the villages occupied by the enemy.
The latter after completing his task retired at 4.30 p.m. under
cover of the works of the fortress.

A similar enterprise was undertaken on the following day.
At 4 p-m. a Division of the 3rd Corps advanced towards Vany
and OhieuUes ; another Division once more established itself
in Nouilly and Villers L'Oime, North of the latter place the
enemy deployed strong bodies of skirmishers against the vine-
yard of r ailly, which was occupied by the 2nd battn. 3rd
Regiment and a company of Rifles ; the vineyard was at the
same time cannonaded from some French batteries posted to
the east of Fort St. Julien.

The Ist Army Corps and the 3rd Reserve Division had mean-
while moved up to their defensive positions, and had caused
the greater part of their artillery to take part gradually in the
engagement. The enemy forthwith once more abandoned
Nouilly; his Division on the left wing reached Vany and
Chieulles in spite of the fire of a battery of the Reserve Divi-
siont wliich nad imlimbered to the west of Cliarly, but was
unable to make any progi*ess beyond those villages. A
French battery, which endeavoured to take up a position on
the high road to Antilly, was repulsed by a heavy fire from the
shelter trenches of the 19th Regiment to the south of Malroy ;
an infantry attack upon Rupigny, supported by mitrailleuse
fire, failed against the resistance of the fusiliers of the 81st
Regiment, .who held the border of the village and the cover
thrown up in front. The combined action of the German
artillery ultimately compelled the adversary to renounce any
further advance. The waggons brought with them returned
unloaded ; at 5 p.m. they were followed by the troops, and the

* T]ie neigbbourhood of Nouillj and YiUers L'Orme had been abandoned bj th*
French outposts in the night of the 11th — 12th September.
J. 5th and 6th light

t A light batterj of the YtU Corps.

182

artUlery engagement alone continued till darkness set in. Two
squadrons of the 1st Dragoons ridinc^ forward at 7 p.m. towards
the Bois de Grimont were received with fire from the shelter
trenches there, but in their further movements did not meet
with any large force of the enemy.

During the described action on the right bank of the Moselle
the 6th French Corps had made a demonstration against the
positions of the Xth Army Corps at La Maxc, when the latter

Eushed troops across the river in support of the 3rd Reserve
^vision. Against Peltre, as on the previous day, swarms of
French skirmishera, assisted by tlie nre from Fort Queuleu,
made a forward movement. But as the Vllth Corps with the
Ist Cavalry Division advanced into the fighting positions, the
enemy was unable to gain the village, but, on the contrary,
nt 6 o'clock withdrew at this point also towards the fortress.*

The failure of the sortie on the 23rd Septeml)er induced the
French commander-in-chief to arrange a more serious advance
on the entire cast and north front of the fortress, under cover
of which the stores still remaining:, more especially at Peltre,
(^olombey, and La Maxe, were to be brought into Metz. On
the evening of the 2Gth the German watchpost on the Hori-
mont remarked a continuous exchange of Ught signals between
Metz and Thionville. About i> a.m. on the 27th, Fort Queuleu
in conjunction w4th the du Pate redoubt, suddenly opened a
brisk tire, more especially in the direction of Peltre and Mercy-
le-Haut, whilst Forts Les Bordes and St. Julien began to fire
against tlie x>ositions of the Ist Army Corps and the 3rd
Reserve Division. Immediately after the first cannon shots
SAvarms of French skirmishers advanced from Grigy bottom,
followed by stronger coluimis from Duplessis' and Lapasset's
Brigades, of which the former moved upon Mercy-le-Haut and
the latter upon Peltre. The outpost43 of the Prussian 26th
Brigade thrown out in front of this section of tlie line of invest-
ment, abandoned their positions in face of the advance of
superior hostile forces. The right wing retired upon the main
body of tJie 15th Regiment, which with the Gth heavy battery
had reached the edges of the wood south-east of Mercy-le-
Haut ; the left wing of the outposts moved towards Peltre and
tVepy, and there joined the fusilier battalion 55th Regiment
which had been pushed forward to gairison the two villages.
The 2nd battn. of this regiment, with the 5th light battery,
was advancing towards the uortlieni border of the Bois de
THopital : of the 1st battn., one-half formed a reserve to these
troops on the high road north of Chesny, while the other rein-
forced the right wing of the 15th Regiment in the wood south
of Ars Laquenexy.

* According to Dr. Chenu's work, " Aper^u historique, statisque et diniqua mir
les services des anibulftnces p.p. pendant la guerre de 1870- 71/* the loss amounted on
the 22nd and 23rd September, to 183 men. Appendix LXX VII oontaina the details
of the losses on the (German side.

183

Duplessis' Brigade, following at the heels of the Pnissiaii
pickets, had occupied Mercy-le-Haut, and then caused two
batteries to take up a position on the height west of the farm-
stead, in order to support the fire from Fort Queuleu upon
Peltre and Crepy. After the French artillery had been in
action some time, Lapasset*s Brigade deployed to attack : the
14th (Chasseur battaUon and the 97th Regiment upon Peltre, the
84th upon Crepy. Simultaneously with this, the 12 th Chasseur
battn. advanced from the railway cuttmg west of Peltre
against the south side of Crepy, and the passages over the St.
Pierre brook at that place.* In view of the turning movement
with which they were threatened, the defenders of the two
villages withdrew to the Bois de L'Hopital, meanwhile occupied
from the southward, which they reached in time with the excep-
tion of the 11th CO. 55th Regiment. This company, which was
in the most northern paii; of Peltre, had remarked too late
the French advance, and had not received the order to retreat,
was completely sin-rounded, and, after firing away nearly all its
ammunition, was compelled to lay down its aims. Only the
commander and f30 men escaped to the southward. The
enemy occupied the captured village, and carried ofif the forage
and provisions still remaining in the place under cover of
detacnments thrown out to the front.

On the right of the 2()th Brigade the 13th Regiment, the
greater part of the 7th Rifle battalion and the <)th light battery
had moved up at the commencement of the engagement into
the Ars Laquenexy position. The 8th co. of this regiment on
outpost duty at La Grange aux Bois, which was first attacked
in front and on the right flank, and after the loss of Mercy-le-
Haut on the left also, withdrew through the wood in rear,
after first firing the straw supplies in the former fann, but
shortly showed front at its western border, when the main
forces of the oiiemyt opposed to it took the direction of Colom-
bey. The remainder of the 13th Division^ had been mean-
wnile concentrated at Cheval Rouge ; further in rear on the
high road, abreast of Mecleiives, stood in readiness for action
the 27th Brigade, the corps artillery and the 1st Cavalry
Division ; at Pouilly was the 28th Brigade.§ On the left fiank
of the Vtlth Coi-ps the 16th Division had been at Marly since
10 a.m. in readiness to engage. In the south-east section of
the line of investment there was, however, no further collision
this dav with the adversai-v. After the latter had eff*ected his
object at Crepy. Peltre, and Mercy-le-Haut, these villages were
abandoned by him before 11.30 a.m,, and rcoccupied in the
course of the afternoon by the Prussian outposts.

* Tills battalion, belonging to the 2nd French Corps, iras brought in a milwaj
train, beine covered in its moTemcnt hj a detachment pushed forward to the south,
by waj of Magny.

t Belonging to Montaudon's Dirision of the 3rd French Corps.

X 78rd Regiment, 2 squadrons Hussars and 6th heavy battery.

§ Hie latter had already thrown 5 companies into the Bois do L'Hdpital.

184

The brisk artillery fire opened from the forts in the morning
had also roused the 2nd In&ntrj Division to arms. In rear oi
the ontpost companies* thrown out between Colombey and La
Planchette, the main body of the 44th Regiment with two
batteries had moved up into the Aubigny and Coincy positions,
whilst the 4th Regiment assembled at Montoy, and the other two
batteries of the Division unlimbered to the south of this village
on either side of the high road. The 4th Infantry Brigade and
the 10th Dragoons were held in readiness at St. Agnan.

On the French side, in addition to the troops Drought for-
ward through La Grange aux Bois to Colonibey, as already
mentioned, other parts of Montaudon's Division had likewise
taken this direction fi*om Bomy and Bellecroix at 10 a.m., and
after a brief skirmish driven the Prussian outposts across the
Colombey brook. Under cover of a line of tirailleurs thrown
out in the bottom of the valley^ the French continued the re-
moval of stores from Colombey, which had been commenced
some days before, although the village under a vigorous can-
nonade from 14 Prussian gunsf burst into flames about noon.
The CVown Prince's Grenadier regiment had occupied the
brewery and Noisseville, in face of some other French detach-
ments which had advanced from Bellecroix by way of Lauvallier.
The enemy, however, made no attack upon the front of the
1st Army Corps, and at 1 pjn. also withdrew from Colombey
towards the fortress.

The engagement thus coming to an end on the right bank of
the MoscUe was however continued on the left bank. There,
shortiy before noon, some French field batteries brought into posi-
tion between Woippy and the Moselle, in conjunction with the
guns of Fort St. Julien, came into action against the positions of
the Xth Army Corps ; shortiy afterwards Tixier's and Le Vaasor
SorvaFs Divisions} advanced through the Bois de Woippy : the
former from Thury and St. Eloy against La Maxe and Franclon-
champ, the latter Ukewise in a northerly direction. The fusiliers
of the 56th Regiment at the outposts in La Maxe and Ladon-
champs retired to Les Tapes and St. Remy, on the enemy's
approach, who shortly before had set on fire the farmstead of
Ladonchamps. Soon after 1 o'clock swarms of French skir-
mishers issued at several points from the wood on the other side
of the railway. They first captured St. Agathe farmstead and
then caused two batteries to come into action against Bellevue,
which was likewise abandoned bv the outposts of the 19th
Division,§ after these had first repulsed an attack.

. 8th and 4th . , _^ ., » n^i u^_ 8rd

6th

in and north of Colomhej, —• at La Planchette

lipbt «.d 60. h^yj ^ jf ,^^^ ^ jJtIUight ^^.^ «, ^ j^^

nexj.
X Belonging to the 6th Freoi^ ooxpt.
- Iatand4th 2nd and 8rd

^ lOthBiflei 91 •

Whilat the Freuch after occupying Bellevue and Franclon-
champ now commenced to remove the stores from the localities
in real', the German artilleiy poured a heavy fire upon the dis*
trict evacuated by their outposts. The 10 heavy guns on the
Semecom-t height,* in conjunction with the 1st lipjht battery
Xth Army Coi-ps unlimbered to the south of this village,
operated against Bellevue and St, Agathe; on the further
bank of the Moselle, between Argancy and Olgy, 4 batteries of
the 3rd Reserve Division hud been in action since 1 o'clock
against Franclonchamp and La Maxe. At 2 o'clock the adver-
sary's loaded waggons were seen retreating at their best pace
from the latter place; they were followed shortly after by
the French troops broken up into a broad line of skirmishers.

The 3rd Reserve Division had at the commencement of the
engagement occupied their fighting position with the advanced
guard, and, in addition to the battedes already mentioned, had
assembled at Argancy 3 battalions in order to take part, if
necessaiy, in anv engagement on the other side of the river.
In advance of the real front, however, French infantry were
seen only at intervals at the edge of the Bois de Gnmont;
at 3 p.m. the firing also ceased within the rayon of the Xth
Corps, whose outposts now reoccupied their previous positions.

The head-quarters staff of the army of investment had clearly
perceived the enemy's design from the reports which had
reached Corny during the forenoon. In order to nip in the
bud any such attempts in the future, orders were issued on 27th
September for all horses and provisions to be removed from
the localities both within the line of, and \vithin stiiking dis-
tance of, the Gennan outposts, while in the event of any oppo-
sition the provisions were to be destroyed. In consequence of
this order, besides the farmsteads of Colombey, La Grange aux
Bois, and Mercy-le-Haut, burnt dming the engagement, Peltre,
Basse Bevoye, La Maxe, and part of Magny were set on fire
that same evening and on the following night. The stores
accumulated at Pouilly and ChieuUes were brought by the
Germans into a place of safety, while the line of outposts of
the Vllth Corps hitherto passing through Peltre was with-
drawn to the point of intersection of the high road and railway
to the south-east of the burnt village.

At this time the apparently well-meant attempt was made by
a Frenchman of the name of Regnier coming from England to

Eave the way for the conclusion of peace wim Germany on the
asis of an agreement to be aiTanged between the Empress
and the commander-in-chief of the Army of the Rhine. After
Regnier had presented himself in Ferrieres as a delegate from
the Imperial (Jourt,t and had received the consent of the Chan-

• See Part II, p. 178.

t Exhibiting at tho same time a photograph of Hastings, upon which were written
the signature of Prince Louis Napoleon, and some words addressed to his Imperial
father*

186

cellor of the Confederation, Count t. Bigmarck, to proceed to Metz
with this object, he first betook himself to the head-quarters
of Prince Frederick Charles at Corny, and from thence reached
the invested fortress on the 23rd Septembei*. After protracted
interviews with the envoy, hitherto personally unknown to
him, Marshal Bazaiiie decided to despatch General Bourbaki to
the Empress. On the 25th, in company with several surgeons
from Luxemburg, this general, in civilian dress, passed through
the German outposts, but on arriving in England was informed
by the Empress that she had never deputed Regiiier with the
mission ascribed to her, and was even unwilling to enter into
negotiations, which could not but increase the embarrassment
of the present Government. Marshal Bazainc answered on his
part an enquiry made to him from Ferri^es on the 29th Sep-
tember, that he could only subscribe to a capitulation under the
condition that the fortress should be excluded, and that a free
withdrawal should be allowed to the Army of the Rhine. As
the Germans could not enter into such conditions without
losing the already ripening fruit of the long investment, the
negotiations were broken off.*

In the last days of September the attention of the German
head-quarters in Corny was again directed more particularly to
the north side of Metz and to the state of affairs at Thionvillc.
The garrison of the latter fortress had for some time ranged
without let or hindrance through the outskirts of the place as far
as the Luxembm'g frontier, as that country was not occupied by
the weak coips of observation, and could only be very incom-
pletely watched. On the 6th September some officials in the
Geiman telegraph department in Konigsmachem were driven
out by hostile cavalry, and a detachment of reservists on the
way to join their regiment was captm'ed in Basse Ham. On
the 2l8t the French seized a ti'ain of waggons, which had left
Saarburg under escort of a small party of men ; they carried
off 50 carriages to Thionville, but the remainder were removed
in time to a place of security by a squadron of the 3rd Reserve
Hussars, which hastewed up. Tlie enemy even succeeded in
making the railway practica/ble to Luxemburg, and from thence
bringing into the fortress on the night of the 24th-25tli Sep-
tember a train of 80 waggons laden -with provisions. Besides
this, the Geiman outposts at Metz reported on the 29th that
the enemy had thrown a boat-bridge over the Moselle west of
Foi-t St. Julien, and was constiiioting a fresh means of pas-
sage at the Island of Charabi^'e. On the followmg night the
exchange of light sip^als between Metz and Thionville, ob-
served for some time past, was repeated on a larger scale ; on

* Wit^ regard to General Bourb&ki's further nioTcmentB, eec Part II, p. 172.

187

the next morning Forts Plappeville and St. Quentin also opened
an unusually heavy fire. Pnnce Frederic Charles inferrea from
these preparations that the adversary was contemplating a
sortie m the direction of Thionville,* and in consequence made
arrangements on the 30th September for strengthening the
northern front of investment. In accordance therewith, the
following movements took place on the 1st October: — The
3rd Reserve Division and the Xth Army Corps exchanged theii*
previous positions, the former, however, bending back its right
wing to NoiToy ; the supreme command of these two parts of
the army was assumed by General v. Voigts-Rhetz.^" The 1st,
Vllth, and Ylllth Corps concenti'ated on the right in such wise
that the latter took over the section from j^Iarly as far as the
road from Courcelles sur Nied to Metz; whilst the 1st only
extended with its left wing as far as the brewery, on the
Saarlouis high road. The Ilnd Corps occupied the gi'ound
evacuated by the Vlllth, between the Seille and Moselle, and
with its left-wing brigade the Jussy position. The 3rd Cavalry
Division occupied the villages in rear of the right wing of the
Vnith Corps. Of the 1st Cavalry Division brought up to
Les Etangs on the 30th September, one brigade was quartered
in rear of the Ist Corps; the otbeV with the horse artillery
batteiy moved ofif to remforce the troops in front of Thionville,
who now passed under the orders of Lieutenant-General v.
Hartmann. In the western line of investment Chatel St. Germain
formed as before the boundary between the IXth and Ilird Corps ;
the latter, however, extended its left wing as far as the neigh*-
bourhood of Norroy to meet the 3rd Reserve Division.}

The commander-in-chief of the Army of the Rhine, as had
been suspected by the Germans since the end of September,
had in point of fact seriously contemplated the attempt to
break through to the northward, and as a first step thereto had
pushed forward liis advanced troops at several points closer to
the line of investment. On the 1st October, in front of the
IXth Army Corps, Lessy was occupied by the French, and a
post of the 9th Rifle battaUon driven from Chalet Billaudel.§
i\fter a slight engagement with several companies|| rapidly
deployed along the eastern border of the Bois de Chatet the

* At tliis time also information had reached the rojal head-quarters at Ferri^res,
that the enemy had collected large supplies in France, and intended forwarding
them bj the Belgian railways to ThionTille. This was also considered an indication
of the Army of the Kliine contemplating a sortie northward, and as such was
raported to the Armj head-quarters at Corny. The news recently arrived, of the
surrender of Strassburg so far serred to strengthen this assumption, as the Army of
the Bhino had now no object for its moyements in a southerly direction.

t The 3rd Reserre Dirision had been hitherto under the orders of General r.
Kaateuflel. 8ce Part I, Vol. II, p. 174—175.

X The distribution of the different Diyisions and Brigades in this position, which
remained for the future almost without change, may be seen on the opposite
•ketch.

§ Chalet Billaudel lies to the north of Lessy, on the Lorry road.

II In addition to the 9th Bifle battalion, there was a company of the 84th Begi-
ment

188

Advexaary remained in poeaession of the two localities, which
he commenced to entrench as a protection to his left flank in the
event of making any further movement by way of Plappe vilie.

In the night of the lBt-2nd October a picket of the Neuto-
mischei* Landwehr battaUon, posted in Ch&teau Ladonchamps
was driven back by superior forces to St* Remy, and in conse*
qnence thereof St. Agathe fell into the hands of the French.
After a vain attempt to recapture Ladonchamps, and several
likewise fruitless advances on the part of the enemy towards
St. Bemy, there occurred during the morning a long stationary
engagement between the outposts on either side, in which some
batteries also took part.t The Germans had deployed a line of
skirmishers between BeUevue and St. Bemy, but were unable
to drive the adversary from the locahties which he had occu-
pied. At 11 a.m. the infantry action was discontinued, but the
artillery fire did not cease until evening, after St Bemy and
Franclonchamp had been set on fire by the French-t

On the 3rd October the latter pushed forward detachments
in a northerly direction for the purpose of covering the de*
fendve works commenced at Ladonchamps. The brisk artilleiy
fire to which this gave rise, was, in consequence of the repeated
advances of the enemy, continued on the next few days, and
vigorously supported on the French side fix>m the hirg^ forts.
Several attempts on the part of the Germans to set on fire with
their artillery the villages lying in the foremost line of the
Army of the tthine failed, as all inflammable material had been
removed from them as a measure of precaution.

Meanwhile Marshal Bazaine, in a council of war held by his
orders on the 4th October, had stated that it W9S his inten-
tion to make a sortie with the army along both banks of the
Moselle in the direction of Thionviile. The troops appointed
to remain at Metz were esqpresslv told ofE^ every man in the
army medically inspected as to his abihty to march, while the
different corps were asked on the 6th October whether every-
thing was in readiness for the sortie. The Marshal, after all these
arrangements were made, suddenly gave up the enterprise, and
limited himself to a movement on a large scale, the expressed
object of which solely consisted once more in obtaining Kx>d.§

* Belonging to the 3rd BeMire Biniion, tnntfiBXTed on the pownons daj to the
left Iwnk of the MoeeUe.

t On the German side the hmrjYmtbeary on the Sem^nit height, and part of the
aztillerj of the Srd Beserre BiTiaion ; on the Fiench aide Fort Plapperille and
aome hatleriee at St Eloy and Woippj.

$ The loaaea in these actions amounted on the German nde on the 1st Oelober to
SO men; 140 men on the 2nd; while the French on the 1st lost neazlj 80, and on the
2nd it is ststed only some 90 men. See Appendix LXXTII.

§ Aoeordiog to the Fiench statements the Marshal is said to hare been hronght
to this change of mind b.T a newspaper, which contained the news of the failure of
the negotiations at Feiii^ies (see Part II, p. 54. et 9eq.), and also bj the uifonni^
tion that the Montretout redoubt at ^ris had been oocnpied by the Gennaas.
MonoTvr the Marshal had on the 5th October azxanged a aortie in the direction of
Cooieelles snr Nied, for the pnipose of collecting proTisiona, but had not pnt it into

189

Engagement at Bkllkvuk on tub 7th Octobbb.

On the 7th October the French commander-in-chief issued
orders for all the suppUes to be seized in the farms to the
north of Ladonchamps still occupied b^ the German advanced
troops. The enterprise — for the execution of which 400 wag-
gons were in readiness — ^was to be protected immediately by
the 6th Corps and the Voltigem* Division of the Guard ; while
it was to be supported in addition on both flanks by an advance
of the 4th Corps in the woods north-west of Woippy, and of
the 3rd along the light bank of the Moselle towards malroy.

The attack, originally fixed for 11 a.m., was deferred, how-
ever, on account of delay in the issue of orders. It was not
imtil 1 o'clock that the troops deployed between the Bois de
Woippy and the Moselle, accompamed by a brisk fire from
Fort ot. Julien, commenced the prescribed movements : the 1st
Voltigeur Brigade of the Guard towards Franclonchamp and
Les Grandes Tapes, the 2nd in the direction of St. Remy and
Les Petites Tapes, the Chasseur battaUon of the Guard towards
Bellevue. Le Vassor Sorval's Division of the 6th Corps occu-
pied Ch&teau Ladonchamps, and pushed Gibon's Brigade^
through the eastern part of the Bois ae Woippy, in the direction
of the St. Anne heights. On the left wing Grenier's Division of
the 4th Corps took with one brigade the dkection of ViUers les
Plenois, ^vith the other that of the Bois de Vigneulles. The
ground between the Moselle and the right flank of the Guard
Division was covered by the 9th Chaaseur battalion; strong
reserves were at La Maison Rouge and Woippy.

In the low ground on the left bank of the Moselle, traversed
by the French attacking columns, stood on the German side
the 8rd Landwehr Division in front line. The section west of
the railway was guarded by the oth^ that to the east by the
6th Landwehr Brigade. At the outposts stood the GorUtz,
Rawitsch, and Kosten battalions, which occupied more parti-
cularly Bellevue, St. Remy, and the farms at Xes Tapes, with
formed detachments.! The two companies standing next to

* Originally de Marguenat's Brigade.

t Counting from the right wing the outposta stood aa follows :-»

^"^ in La Fdret Wood.

adrliU

8rd
Gdrlitz

in the Bois de la Juliire.

Ist and 4th ^j^ detachments of---|^L-. in BelleTTie.
Gtbrhts 10th Rifles

1'*^ and =?$-, in St. Bemy.

Bawitsch Kosten

^Ba^t!h^ ^ ^ ^•^'^ ^*^^*

SSiii^l?^ in Les Orandes Tapes.
Koflten

-^^^ and ^ ^.^ , , between Let Gnndes l^pes and the Mosella.

Kosten Bawitsoh

190

the Moselle, assisted, it is tnie, bv some batteries which had
come into action on the right bank of the river, repulsed with
success all the assaults of the French Uth Chasseur battalion ;
the other detachments, however, wero unable to resist the
advance of the enemy's very superior force. They withdrew
to the farmsteads at Les Tapes, and then commenced to
evacuate the easternmost one, as it was surroimded on three
sides by the 1st Brigade of Voltigeurs of the Guard. But as
the farm walls were already reached by the assailant, and only
a narrow passage on the north side remained for tlie retreat of
the * garrison, which had, moreover, expended nearly all their
ammunition, a considerable part of the men, with an ammunition
waggon recently brought up, fell into the hands of the French.*
Those who were not taken prisoners endeavoured to rally in
a ditch to the north of the farm, but were driven out from
thence by the enemy's flanking fire, and afterwards withdrawn
to Amelange.

The 2nd Voltigeur Brigade of the Guard had meanwhile
compelled also the outposts at St. Remy to retire northward,
and had followed them with an eifective file-fire across the
open gi-ound. After this success, the enemy tiuTied towards
the farmstead of Les Petites Tapes, which was defended by the
Prussians until their ammunition was expended, and at 2.30* p.m.
fell into the enemy's hands. The retreating garrison were for
the most part taken prisonera.

Bellevue, situated in advance of the right ^ving• of the
Landwehr Division, had been already fired and abandoned by
its garrison, when the French troops made an enveloping
movement towards that point from Ladonchamps, St. Agathe,
and through the Bois <ie Woippy. Tlie withdrawal of the
outposts was covered by the Samter Landwehr battalion and
parts of the 10th Rifle battalion, who brought to a close the
adversai-y's advance half way to Semecourt. Of the companies
of the Gorlitz battalion posted to the west in the woods of La
Juliere and La ForSt the 1st had retired somewhat, but the
other, in conjunction with the 1st and 4th cos. of , the above-
mentioned rifle battalion brought up fi-om Ealembourg farm,
maintained an effective flanking fire upon the enemy, who had
forced his way into the eastern copse.

Dming the retreat of the Pnissiaii outposts and the action
which supervened at the farms, all the batteries of the 3rd
Resei've Division, mthsome of the Xth Army Corps,t as well as

* The two farmsteads of Les Tapes were rery poorly arranged for defence bj
placing banquettes behind the walls and by making loopholes ; but part of these
could not be used as, in commencing the strengthening works on the morning of the
7th, all inflammable articles, and amongst them the straw used for the banquettes of
some of the loopholes, had been remoTed.

t Of the Srd Beserre Diiision : 1st and 2nd heayj batteries Vth Corps south of
Semecourt against BeUerue, the light batterp Vth Corps at the Maizi^res Cemetery
(1.45 p.m.)« l8t and 2nd light batteries Xlth Corps north of Les Petites Tapes (2
p.m.), Srd light battery Xltn Corps at Amelange (1 p.m.).

Of the Xth Corps : 5th heary battery south-east of Amelange (2 p.m.), 3rd light ud

191

the 2nd heavy battery of the Ilird hurrying np from Fives, had
gradually taken part in the struggle. The 10 heavy guns on
the height north of Semecourt had been already in action
towards Ladonchamps since 1 p.m. On the French side the
field batteries wliich had unlimbered near the chateau farm-
stead just mentioned were supported by three others arriving
at St. Agathe, but tliese, after filing for three-quarters of an
hour, were silenced by the Prussian artiUeiy, which now, in
conjunction -wath the infantry, prevented the enemy from
removing the stores from the captured farms.

Meanwhile the 5th Infantry Division had entered upon the
stinig^le against the left flank of the troops of the French
Guard. In the outpost position of the dth Brigade the 48ih
Regiment had shortly before the commencement of the action
reached Yillers les Plenois with the 1st battn., Norroy with the
two othei's,* for the purpose of reKeving the Body Guard
Grenadier regiment at the outposts. Of the latter the 1st
battn. was deployed by companies at the east edge of the Bois
de Plenois and in the outlymg brick-kiln to the eastward, the
2nd as reserve at the village of Plenois; the fusilier battn. had
already commenced its return march to F^ves. In accordance
with instructions previously issued by the Divisional Commander
the brigade in question was to act without further notice as
support to the 3rd Reserve Division, in the event of the French
making a forward movement to the northward. The staff
officer of the 5th Division, Major v. Lewinski, who had observed
the first movements of the enemy when visiting his outposts,
made the first necessary arrangements in the sense ot this
order.

Shortly after one o'clock a stationary musketry action
occurred between the outpost companies of the Body Guard
Grenadiers and some bodies of French skirmishers which had
issued from the north-west border of the Bois de Woippy. As
matters were apparently becoming somewhat more grave in
the neighbourhood of the brick-kiln, the 2nd battn. 48th Regi-
ment, was sent to that point. Eight other companies, advancing
by way of Point du Jour, took part with a brisk fire in the
struggle of the 3rd Division, ana cleared not only La Foret
Wood, but the copse lying to the south-west, of the French
tirailleurs who haa penetrated therein. These latter, pursued
by three companies of the 9th Brigade, retreated upon tne Bois
de Woippy and St. Anne. The Bois de la JuHfere was also
evacuatea by the enemy to the two companies of the lOth Rifle

Sxd heayy batteries on either side of Olgj (1.30 p.in.), 6th hcary batteiy on the left
of the 8rd light battery (2.90 p.m.).

Later in the day — about half -past 4 o'clock — the 6th light came into aotioa, next
the 8rd Ught. The two horse artillery batteries were (shortly after 3 p.m.) held in
retenre between Olgy and Ch&teau Buy, after one of them besides the Srd Ught had
fired a few rounds.

* With the exception of the 8th co., which had remained at Fires at escort to
the batteries of the i)rigode (Ist and 2nd heayy).

192

battD. which had broken forward from La ForSt Wood; on the
other hand, an advance from the brick-kiln of the detachments
engaged there in the direction of the wood was repulsed by
superior forces of Grenier's Division.*

Matters now resolved themselves once more into a stationary
action until at 2 p.m. six fusiUer companies of the 9th Brigade
came up into front line.f By order of Colonel v. Conta $ those
of the 48th Regiment deployed between La Juhfere and
La For^t Woods, whilst those of the Body Guard Grenadiers,
in conjunction with the nearest detaclunents, forced their
way from the latter wood into the north-west angle of the Bois
de Woippy, and there held their ground. The adversary
abandoned in consequence that part of the wood bordering the
road to Norroy, which was now at once occupied from the
brick-kihi. As the French retired further through the wood,
fighting ceased at 4 o'clock on the right wing of the 9th
Brigade ; but the left still kept up their fire upon St. Anne
and Bellevue. Between the 10th Brigade and those pai-ts of
Grenier's Division which had been thrown forward into the
Bois de Vigneulles, a slight skirmish continued until the fourth
hour of the afternoon. The remaining troops of the Ilird Army
Corps had been assembled at Marengo farm and AmanvillerB.

About the same time that the sti*uggle commenced in the
low ground on the left bank of the Moselle, Aymard's Di\asion
of the 3rd French Coi-ps on the other side of the river had
moved off with one brigade in the direction of Malroy and
Charly, wdth the other brigade along the Failly road, and
thrown out skirmishera at the edge of the Bois de Grimont. As,
however, the artillery fire from the positions of the Xth Army
Corps at Charly § very shortly brought to a stand the advance of
the Frenchinfantry. and also compelled theretreat of two batteries
imlimbering to the west of ChieuUes, General v. Voigts-Rhetz
perceived that the adversary was only making a feigned attack

* The Pmssian troops had thus taken tip the foUoirizig poBitions opposite the
north-west border of the Bois de Woippy, during the second hour of the after-
noon:—

i!l55l?5.^ at the east margin of the Bois de Plenois, ^, 6th, 6th, and 7th
8 ® 8 48

in and near the brick-kiln, 5^, ^"d and 4th ^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ 6th and 7tL

8 48 8

iL -xi. ' ^ i 'D^'^4. A T^ *th and 8th Ist and Srd ^,

further in rear at Point du Jour, , pursuing the enemj rc-

tiring from La Forfit Wood, ^^ ,. ..^"^ ^ in La Forfit Wood, ^'*t ^"^ ^tli

® Gdrlitz Landw. Battn. ' 10th Riiles

in the Bois de la Juhere.

t Of the other two fusilier companies — - — occupied Tillers Ics Plenois, — -=^

8 48

Honlin auz Pr^s.

t Appointed to command the 9th Brigade in place of General t. Doering, killed

at Vionville.

4th light and 4th heavy

193

at this point. He therefore ordered the 38th Infantry Brigade
at 2.30 p.m. to cross to the left bank of the Moselle at Argancy.

Before this brigade reached its destination the 6th Landwehr
Brigade had already made an attempt to recapture the lost
localities. The Neutomischel and Neustadt battalions had
advanced from Amelange towards Les Grandes Tapes, but
were received with so brisk a file-fire from this faiinstead, from
Franclonchamp, and Les Petites Tapes, that they were com-
pelled to seek shelter for a time in a ditch. .Vfter the rein-
forcement in question had arrived General v. Kummer ordered
a general advance of the two landwehr brigades against
Bellevue and Les Tapes, which he supported on the right wing
by two line battalions of his Division, and on the left 'wing with
the 38th Brigade.

Shortly after, the musketeer battalions of the 57th Regiment
moved forward in echelon at a rapid pace across tlie perfectly
open gi'oimd south of Amelanee.* As this dash in front of
the enemy's strongly occupied position also passed into a
stationary action, the still available parts of the brigade, the
1st and fusilier battns., 16th Regiment,t were brou^t up in
support. These two battahons, passing to the west of
Amelange, now turned towards Les Grandes Tapes, in which
movement, as soon as the new attacking line came abreast of
them, they were joined on the i-ight by the Neutomischel and
Neustadt Landwehr battalions, and on the left, in the du'cction
of Franclonchamp, by the 57th and the company of the Kostea
Landwehr battahon, which had all the time maintained its post
on the bank of the Moselle. But there was no fuilher serious
collision at this point, as the enemy's right wing was already
in reti*eat ; his rear guard was, however, ovenakcn, and was
driven from Les Grandes Tapes and Franclonchamp shoi*tIy
after 5 o'clock. The 38th Brigade hereupon occupied the
recaptured farmsteads and Les Petites Tapes, which the enemy
had meantime like^vise abandoned ; the 6th Landwehr Brigade
concentrated at Amelange.

On the right wing of the 3rd Reserve Division commenced in
the sixth hoiu' of the afternoon the forward movement against
Bellevue, preceded by a heavy ai-tillery cannonade. Of the
troops intended for this purpose the Samter Landwehr batta-
lion attacked the place on the noi*th ; against the west side and
against St. Anne moved the 1st and fusilier battaUons 19th
Regiment, supported by the Posen Landwehr battaUon ad-
vancing ii'om Italembourg, and the rifie companies which had
forced then* way some hours before into the Bois de la Juli6re.i

* Ilnd and 2iii in first line, Ut, Srd, and 4th in leoond line.

XT tl T? '1*

t " guarded at Ennery the Moselle bridge at Hauconcourt. — ^^^^^ ^vith the
16 57th

2nd and 8rd eicortod the 5th hcarr battery of the Xth Corps, which had
5th Kes. Lancers
CTOflsed to the left bank of the Mo?elle with the 3Sth Brigade.

J See Part II, p. 191—192.

C 2

Still further on the right, after a conference of the command-
ing officers, this movement was joined by some companies of
the 9th Brigade which had broken foiT\'ard from La Forfit
Wood, and by the ftisilier battalion, 48th Regiment, from the
Bois de Woippy. The French received the enveloping attack
of the troops with a brisk fire, but before the decisive collision
evacuated both of the named points, which were now occupied
by the assailants. As the enemy also suirendered St. Bemy, all
the localities held by the 3rd Reserve Division in the morning
were again in the hands of the Prussians shortly after 6 p.m.
At all points the stmggle appeared to have come to a close.

On the right bank of the Moselle Metman^s Division of the
3rd French Corps had proceeded at 3 p.m. in the direction of
Lauvallier and Noissevule. A line of tirailleurs, supported by
a vigorous &e from Fort St. Julien, skirmished with the out-
posts of the 1st Army Corps, which had been drawn up for
action since 1 o'clock, and also caused the Vllth to move up
into its line of defence.

General v. Manteuffel had assembled in rear of the line of
his outposts the 4th Infantry Brigade and the 8th Lancers in
the bottom of the valley to the west of St. Barbe, but had
speedily become convinced that the issue of the engagement
would on this occasion lie on the other side of the river, and
therefore offered his support to the 20th Division standing on
his immediate right.* An an order just aniving by telegraph
from the commander-in-chief at Corny took into consideration
the probable necessity of sending an entu-e Division of the Xth
Corps across the Moselle, and for this eventuahty arranged that
it sQould be reinforced by troops of the 1st CorpB,t General
v. Manteuffel gave orders for the 2nd Infantry Brigade with
the 8rd Cuirassiers to move off at once to Charlv.

At 4 p.m. the French Divisions t opposite the Xth and 1st
Corps commenced to withdraw towards the fortress. The 3rd
and 8th cos. 41st Regiment followed the enemy's reai^^uard,
which was thrown back by way of Vany and Villers I? Orme
into the Bois de Grimont, but was there supported by fresh
forces. The French hereupon passed once more to the attack
along the entire front of the 1st Army Corps. This was
effectually resisted by the two companies of the 41st Regiment
at Vany and in the south part of Villers L'Orme ; the other
farms in the place were again lost, and even the Prussian out-
posts south of Noisseville retii'ed before the adversary, who was
Senetrating into the valley by way of Mey and Bellecroix.
light batteries of the 1st Army Corps § from their positions at

* General t. Manteuffel had his foot broken bj a fall from his horse on the 6th
September, but continued his command, and was also present this da^ on the field of
battle in a carnage.

t Army head-quarters at Corny were kept constantly informed by telegraph of the
course of the action from its commencement.

X Aymard's (sec Part II, p. 192) and Metman^s.

§ 8rd heayy, 2nd and 8ra horse artillery batteries at Foix ; 8rd light, 4th light,

195

Poixy Servigny, and Noisseville, very shortly, however, put on
end to the further progress of the French ; a brigade of tlie
Vlltli Corps reinforced by cavahy and artillery was also held in
readiness to take pai-t between the Brewery and Montoy. Under
cover of the fire from Fort St. JuUen, Les Bordcs, and Queuleu,
the enemy commenced his retreat to Metz towards 6.30 p.m.

Whilst the action on the light bank of the Moselle thus
came to a termination, the struggle was again renewed at this
iimcture on the other side of the river. General v. Voigts-
xlhetz, on receipt of tlie previously-mentioned orders from army
head-quai-teiTs and of tho intelligence, which arrived shortly
after, of the advance of a brigade of the 1st Anny Corps, had on
his part despatched tho 37th Infantry Brigade with some bat-
teries and squadrons to the left bank of the Moselle, where at
this time also the 3rd Reserve Division, under tho orders of
Qeneral v. Schwartzkoppen, arrived. The commander of the
latter had been instructed shortly before to endeavour to recap-
tm'e all the localities abandoned in the course of the afternoon
and the fai-mstead of Ladonchamps Chateau occupied for some
days past by tho enemy.* The localities in question, as already
mentioned, had been for some time in the hands of the Prussians ;
agamst Ladonchamps, which was surrounded by a moat and
moreover strongly fortified, eleven companies of the 10th and
8l8t Regiments t were moved off from Maizieres at G.30 p.m.
In consequence of the darkness which had supervened, no co-
operation on the part of tlie artillery could bo expected.

The five musketeer companies of the last-named regiment
advancing along the high road had indeed succeeded in gaining
the south border of St. Remy without encountering any resist-
ance, but were then received from Ladonchamps with so brisk a
file-fire that for the present they limited themselves to answering
it, and after a rather sanguinaiy advance agauist the north side
of the farmstead, which was defended by a large force of infantry
and artillery, once more withdrew to St. Remy. On the right
of these five companies the six others had meanwhile taken a
route by way of Bellevue, where they were joined bv the 3rd
CO. of the 19th Regiment. After crossing the broox flowing
further southward and the railway embankment, four com-
panies! deployed at 8 p.m. in front of the west side of Ladon-
champs, but without gaining any success against the enemy,
who held his position most gallantly. An advance of the 5th
and 8th companies of the 57th Regiment against the east front
of the chateau was now likewise abandoned. With tiiis incident
the struggle on the left bank of the Moselle also came to a close.

nnd 4th hcavj at Scrrigny ; 6tli heaTj at NoisscTille ; 6th hearj, south of tho
Brewery.

• See Part II, p. 188.

. 5th and 6th let, 2nd, 3rd. 6th, 7th, and ¥uf.

19 ' 81

J 6th, Gth, 8rd ^^^^i lOiU

* 19 * tJl •

196

The losses of the Prussians on the 7th October amounted
altogrether to upwards of 1,700 men, amongst whom were 4
sm'geons and some 500 missing. Of the senior officers the fol-
lowing were wounded : — Colonel v. Brandenstein, commanding
the 6th Landwehr Brigade; Colonel Hahn v. Dorsclie, com-
manding the 16th Regiment; and Majors v. Schmieden, 48th
Regiment : t. Hanneken, Slst Regiment ; Krause, 10th Field
Artillery Regiment. Four captains of the Body Guard Grena-
diers had during the action in the wood received mortal
injuries.*

After the first successes of the Guard Voltigeur Division at
Les Tapes and Bellevue, Marshal Bazaine had been for some time
wishing to force his way at night time with all his troops through
the northern Une of inVestment ; but as no progress was made
on either wing of the French front of attack, while the cap-
tured localities in the low ground of the Moselle were agam
lost, the jklarshal gave up the immediate cxeaition of his plan.
In order to distract the attention of the Germans in another
dii'ection he ordered in the first place an advance towards Ars
8ur Moselle, which, however, likewise came to nothing.f

On the Geinnan side the obstinate resistance of the enemy at
Ladonchamps and the unanimous statements of the prisoners
led them to expect a repetition on the following day of the
fiortie which had just been defeated. -All the troops which had
taken part in the engagement consequently remained for the

5 resent at the positions which they had occupied at the clo6e4
'he 25th Division and the corps artillery IXth Army Corps re-
ceived instructions to assemble at Gravelotte and Rezonville
on the morning of the 8th October.

In point of fact in the early morning a biisk fire was once
more opened from Fort St. Julien against the positions of the
1st Army Corps. French columns moved from the fort towards
the Bois de Grimont, others from the Vallieres valley against
Noisseville. On the opposite side of the Moselle the farmsteads of
Les Tapes were cannonaded from St. Eloy. whilst the Prussian
heavy battciy came into action on the Semecourt height against
Ladonchamps. The enemy did not. however, pass to the
attack. The arrangements already made to repel it were
not therefore put into execution, and the troops retmrned in
genjeral to their previous positions. The greater part of the

* For details of the casualtieB sec Appendix LXXTII. According to Dr. Chenu's
work tbe losses of the French omountcd to 64 oliicers and 1,193 men.

t The general appointed to this enterprise was unable to complete in time the
-arrangements considered necessnrr. The accounts of Marshal Bazaine have been
taken ns a basis in tlic compilation of this narratiye. Other French historians assert
tliat the ^larshal ncTcr again had the intention to break through the line of invest-
ment.

X nird Corps, 3rd Reserve, and lOlh Division on the left ; the rest of the Xth,
the 1st and VI 1th Coii>s, on the right bank of the Moselle.

197

19th Division remained, however, on the left bank of the
Moselle,* and in conjunction with the 19th and Slst Regiments
occupied the advanced position of Norroy as far as the river,
whilst part of the 3rd Landwehr Division now served as reserve
and part was otherwise emplo7ed.t The strengthening of the
line of investment was actively continued, and in addition by an
order from army head-quarters of the 4th October field redoubts,
free firom escalade, were commenced ; these, by their capacity
for independent defence and then* somewhat retired position,
were intended to strengthen both the foremost fighting fine and
also to protect the quarters of the troops in rear4

The rainy weather which had again prevailed since the 8th
October limited in general the activity on both sides to artil-
lery fire and imimportant outpost skirmishes. The artillery of
the y Ilth Corps, by order fi:om army head-quarters, cannonaded
on the 12th the French camps between Vameres and St. JuUen ;
in order to efiect greater results against Ladonchamps and St*
Agathe, some guns of the heavy battery at Semecourt were
moved southward. The shells of the French fortress artillery
harassed moi-e particularly the working parties and the supports
to the outposts. As on the 14th the camp of the 3Gth Regiment
at Moscow farm was taken under fire from Fort Plappeville,
the Prussian heavv battery on the Jussy heigbts responded
bv cannonading tne villages in front. Thereupon ensued
along the entire south front before Metz a vigorous artillery
cannonade, in which even the Kolberg grenadiers encamped
near Jouy aux Arches suffered losses.

During the next days the activity of the French artillery
gradually waned* After some desultoiy. shots hud fallen from
Fort Les Bordes on the 17th, Fort Plappeville, and subse-
quently also Fort St. Quentin, once more opened a vigorous
hre on the 18th, when the heavy battery at Jussy again threw
some shells into the ground in front.

At this period the growing dearth of food in the French camp
had already made itself very keenly felt. In consequence of
a report firom the commandant of the fortress on the 8th October
to the effect that his provisions would at the most sufiSce for
twelve days more, Marshal Bazaine had called together a

* The 57th Regiment and the 9th Dragoons were alone quartered on the right
bank, in the neighbourhood of Argancy and Chaillj.

TT_ J

t The Miukau battalion reliered the , at Ennery; the Samter battalion re-

■TT_ J

liered the ---- — before ThionTille, where the Sprottan and OstroTO battaUonj had

already arrived. The Neustadt and Raxntsch had to be formed into a single bat-
talion, and the tame was done with the Neutomischel and Kostcn battalions.

X Off these field redoubts one was in the rajon of the 3rd Reserve Division on
the Chaillv road ; one in the rajon of the 1st Army Corps, two iu the rayon of the
Vllth, at Coincy and Aubigny j besides one each at Ars Loquenezy, La' Prayette,
and Orly ; two in the low ground of the Moselle, on either side of the Thionrille
i*oad, and one at Amelange. Most of these redoubts were in readiness before the
end of October.

198

conncQ of war on the lOih, which in answer to the qnestiou
laid before it responded in the following general terms : — ^ To
hold ont at Metz is still the best service which the Armr of
the Rhine can render to its conntiy, because a considerable
German force is thereby held fast in front of the walls of the
fortress and time is gained for the preparations of the Govern-
ment. The critical diminution of provisions necessitates^bowever,
an immediate diBCoasion of ne^tiations with the advensarr, so
that in the event of demands oeing put forward by him which
might be unacceptable or damaging to the ^ory of our arms, a fur-
ther attempt may be made to break through the liQ3 of invest-
ment before hunger has entirely exhausted our own strength."
On the basis of this resolution General Boyer proceeded on the
following day to Versailles with instructions from the Marshal
to demand for the Army of the Bhine a free withdrawal froia
Metz with the honours of war, but under all circumstances to
refuse the conditions attached to the capitulation of Sedan.

When the French General reached Versailles and laid the
matter with which he was concerned before the royal head-
quarters, the first question which was mooted was as to what
person or persons, in the present circumstances of France, weix^
empowered to conclude for that country a binding convention.
On nis part the General explained that the Army of the Bhine was
bound Dy the oath which it had sworn to the Emperor, and that
it therefore only acknowledged the Begency which he had ap-
pointed. But as the Empress had already declined to discuss
negotiations, there was no guarantee whatever for the moment
that France would acquiesce in any settlement they might agree
to, and therefore Count -v. Bismarck demanded as the preHminary
condition of any frirther discussion that the Empress should
declare herself ready to subscribe to a treaty, and that the
Arm^ of the Bhine should furnish undoubted evidence of its
readmess to obey the Begency by a distinct declaration to
that effect. After General Boyer had returned to Metz with
this decision, he next proceeded to England for an interview
with the Empress with the concurrence of the French C]louncil
of War. The Empress, however, intimated to his Majesty the
King that she desired that there should be a fortnight's armistice
with permission to provision Metz, and that she would never
conscTit to any diminution of the territory of France. These
entirely unacceptable demands naturally led once more to the
breaking off of the negotiations. The King answered the
Empress's communication to the effect that it was his sincere
wish to re-establish peace, but that the prevailing uncertainty,
whether the French people and the Army of the Bhine would
ratify any agreement which might be made, would not permit
him at present to enter into any further negotiations.

The state of affairs at Metz meanwhile approached nearer and
nearer to a decision. Since the 14th October the German com-
manders had received regular and precise information of the
state of affaira in the enemy's camp, both orally from French

199

soldiers who frequently allowed thernselves to bo captured
while digging potatoes, and also from the newspapers found
in their possession. It was gathered that, after tlie departiut;
of the pienipotentiaiy last named, disturbances had broken out
in the fortress, and that the people had brought pressure to
bear upon the commandant to continue the resistance and to
acknowledge the Repubhc. In spite of the fulfilment of this
request, and of a proclamation of the Commander-in-Chief issued
in order to pacify the inhabitants, the excitement continued, and
even soldiers took part in the demonstrations. At the same
time the number of Frenchmen brought in daily by the German
outposts became so largo tliat Pnnce Frederick Charles in-
structed the Generals in command not to receive more deserters
than was absolutely necessary in order to obtain information.
The supreme authorities at Versailles, who received constant
infoi-mation of the state of affairs, made arrangements on tlie
23rd October as to the future employment of the Army of In-
vestment in expectation of the imminent fall of J^Ietz.* But
in order to be able to oppose as soon as possible stronger foroes
to the daily inci'easing masses of French troops on the Lou-e and
in western France, orders were at the same time sent by tele-

fraph to despatch the 4th Infantry Division foi*thwith to Paris
y railway. After concentrating the necessary rolling stock
tne transport of this Division commenced on the 26th October;
the positions evacuated bv it were occupied by parts of the
3r:l Division and of the Vlllth Aimy Corps. On the same
day some heavy guns, recently arrived from Strassburg,
took up a position on the slope of tlie SeiUe Valley, west of
Pouilly.f

Since the 20th October the issue of food from the fortress
stores to the troops of the invested army had been stopped, so
that for the future they found themselves entirely dependent
upon their own miseiuble resources, and for the most pai-t
lived upon horse-flesh soup without salt or bread. But even
the hoiTBCs, which on the 18th October still numbered 20,000,
decreased each day by a thousand head for slaughtering pur-
poses and by sickness. On the 23rd the commandant of tlie
fortress declared that the suppUes in the town and garrison
would be exhausted in the next few days ; the question as to
whether or not there were concealed provisions in the posses-
sion of the inhabitants was answered in the negative by the city
authorities.^ Besides scanty nourishment, the rain often fell
in torrents during these days, converting the loamy soil into
deep mud and making life in the camp almost insupportable.

In view of these circumstances, and after receiving intelUgeuce

* Details will be giren in a tul>seqnent section of this nanatiTe.

t Ten 15 cm. guns altogether, escorted by 2 companies dth Fortress Artillery
Begimeiit, had orrired from that place.

X On the 26th the troops in some cases had no food ; in others only scanty pro*
visions ^uilicicnt for one to four days, wliilst the inhabitants were prorided witli
rations, weighing 300 grammes per diem, up to the 1st Norember.

200

of the &ilure of the negotiations at Versailles, Marshal Bazaine
again assembled a Council of War on the 24th October, which
now resolved to enter into communication with the commander
of the Army of Investment for the pm'posc of scttliug the
conditions of a capitulation. The fii-st pourparlers with this
object proved abortive, because the French still demanded an
armistice Avith the supplv of provisions, or the permission to
proceed without let or hindrance to Algiers, whilst on the
German side the surrender of the fortress and the captivity as

Prisoners of war of the Army of the Rhine were unconditionally
emanded.* On the 26th October Marshal Bazaine, in agi*eement
with the Council of War assembled for the second time, declared
his readiness to enter into these last conditions. On that day
General Jarras, chief of the staff of the Army of the Rhine,
met General v. Stiehle at the Chateau Frescaty, and on the
evening of the 27th followed at that place the final conclusion
and the signature of the treaty of capitulation. In this the
Army of the Rhine were declared prisonera of war, and an engage-
ment made to surrender Metz witn all pubhc property therein, me
latter being preserved in its present condition for the Germans.
With the approbation of ms Majesty the Kiag the French
officers were allowed to retain their swords.t

On the 28th October an army order of Prince Frederick
Charles annoimced the long expected and important event ; on
the same day His Majesty the King, with words of the fullest
acknowledgment to Ins victorious army, nominated the Crown
Prince of Prussia and Prince Frederick Charles to the rank of
General Field-Marshals. At the same time General v. Moltke
was raised to the dignity of Count.}

In accordance with the settlement which had been agi*eed
upon the large detached forts of Metz and the fortifications of
Porte Mazelle were on the morning of the 29 th first suiTendered
to the German troops, who towards noon planted then- colours
on the i-amparts of the fortress. After that long strings of
country people had quitted the city with then* goods and
chattels in the early morning, the French corps commenced
their march out at 1 p.m. in the pouring rain by six roads
leading to the gi-ound m front of the fortress. On each of the
roads stood a Corps of the Army of Investment in readiness to
receive tlie prisoners, who for the most part in perfect silence,
and a beaiing worthy of all praise, marched by the conquerors,
and were at once conducted to the bivouacs prepared for them
and provided with rations. The superior French generals had
withdrawn themselves in person from the general surrender,

. * Xho first of these pourparlers was opened on the French side, bj Geuenil Chan-
gamier ; at the second appeared General Cissey. The former general, at one time a
Kepublican, and banished bj the Emperor Napoleon, had at the commencement of
the war offered his serrices to the latter, and was with the Rhine Army without any
definite command.

t Appendix LXXVIII contains the terms of the treaty of capitulation.

X The wording of these orders is giren in Appendix L^XIX.

201

Tvhilst the remaining officers, by reason of the permission which
had been accorded to them, returned in the first instance to Metz.
Mai*shal Bazaine awaited at Corny the retmn of Prince Frede-
rick Charles, who, at the head of his staff, had been present
at the surrender of the Imperial Guard in the neighbourhood
of Toumebride ; after conferring with the German commanders,
the Marshal proceeded to Cassel.

In the coui-se of the same day the 26th Infantry Brigade
entered the fortress as garrison, the duties of commandant
being taken over temporarily by General v. Kummer. The
inhabitants, in view of the impending surrender, had peipetrated
some excesses on the evening before, but afterwards refmined
irom any further hostile demonstration. On the part of the
German mihtary authorities a train laden with food, in addition
to live cattle, was at once taken into Metz. With the excep-
tion of the destruction of some houses and trees between the
forts and the city, which had been necessitated by the state of
siege, no traces of damage were to be seen ; but dying horses,
burnt or putrefying refuse of eveiy land, and unbmied corpses,
especially in the neighbourhood ot the muddy camps, distinctly
testified to the sufferings whicli had been undergone.

The Germans had also purchased their magnificent and far-
reaching success with considerable saciifices. During a ten
weeks' investment, cntaihng many privatious and hardships,
the ranks of the aimy had been thinned by sickness, while in
the engagements with the enemy some 240 oflicers and 5.500
men had been killed or wounded.

The French Anny of the Rhine at the time of the sun-ender
still numbered 173,000 men, inclusive of 6,000 oflicers and 20,000
men, remaining temporarily in Metz as sick or convalescent.
"With the never yet sunnounted bulwark of France on the
north-eastern frontier, 56 Impeiial Eagles,* 022 field-guns,
876 fortress guns, 72 mitrailleuses, 137,000 chassepots, 123,000
other small aims, considerable quantity of ammunition, and a
large mass of other stores fell into the victors' hands.

Occurrences ox the South-eastern Tiie-vtre op "War

AFTER THE FALL OF StRASSBURG t

During the sti-uggle roimd Strassburg the Gennans had also
determined upon the complete occupation of Upper Alsace, in
order more pai-ticularly to put an end to the frauctireur raids,
which had for their point of departure the small forts in that

* In pursuance of instructions from Marshal Bazaine to the commanders of the
troops, the majority of the eagles liad been returned to the arsenal, with a riow to
their being burnt. But as objections were raised by tlic Ucrmnns to this measure as
being inconsistent with the treaty of capitulation, it was not put into execution.
Some regiments had, howercr. destroyed their badges before the return into store wbs
ordered .

t Sec General Map, No. 6.

202

conntry, and to protect German territory on the opposite sido
from molestation. His Majesty the Kin^ had. on the 20th Sep-
tember, ordered that the field troops still in Prussia, consisting
of 15 battalions, 2 cavalrj'^ regiments, 6 batteries, and 1 pioneer
company, should be combined into the ** 4th Resen-e Division/'
and employed for the purposes above stated, but more espe-
cially for the investment of the forts in question. Before the
end of the month this Division stood concentrated in the dis-
trict between Freiburg, Alt-Breisach, and Schliengcn, with the
intention of shortly crossing the Rhine at Neuenburg.

After the capture of Strassburg the destinations, already men-
tioned to some extent, of all the German forces now available on
the Upper Rhine,* were at once promulgated on the 30th Sep-
tember. The Guard Landwehr Division was drawn forward for
the investment of Paris, the 1st Reserve Division placed under the
Governor-General of Alsace, who transferred his head-quarters
from Hagenau to Strassbm-g. A mixed detachment of the last-
named Division t watched temporarily from Benfeld and Epsig
the neighbourhood of Schlettstadt, whikt the 4th Reserve
Division was now entrusted with the capture of this fortress
and of Nen-Breisach lying further to the south. The XlVtli
Corps, newly formed of the Baden Division, and several
Prussian regiments of the Corps hitherto besieging Strassburg.
was, in its advance to Ch&tillon and Troyes, to disperse any
large bodies of hostile troops which might be asscmbUug, to dis-
arm the population, and as far as possible render practicable
for traffic the railway running from Blainville by w^ay of Epinal
and Faverney to Chaumont. General v. Moltke also suggested
a coup de main upon Langres, which barred this line of railway,
or that the fortress should be shelled with heavy artillery from
Strassburg, provided that the attainment of those provisional
destinations on the Upper Seine were not thereby long delayed.
Measures in common were to be concerted with the 4Si Reserve
Division to watch Belfort ; in other respects the XlVth Corps had
to look after the protection of its own communications.^

Immediately to the west of Alsace commences at the foot of
the Central Vosges a hillv district, well wooded, and intersected
by numerous ridges, in wnich district the valleys of the Meurthc.
Mortagne, and Moselle, stretching to the north-west, form posi-
tions capable of defence. South of Epinal rise on the lefit
bank of the last-named river the fissiired outliers of the Upper
Vosges, which can only be crossed at the existing roads.

• See Fart II, p 93.

t 21/54 Landwehr Begt., ^ , J^'' ^ , let light reserre battery IXth Corpa.

2nd iies. Lianc.

{ Appendix LXXX contains the text of the order issued from tlio rojal head-
quarters ; Appendix LXXXI, tlie ordro de bataille of the XIYth Armj Corps ;
Appendix LXXX II, that of the 4th Beserrc Division.

203

Somewhat further to the south-west he the hills of the ^lout
Faucilles, 6un*ounding sickle-like the sources of the Saone, and
in their eastern part, which falls hi steep slopes towards the
Moselle, covered with a forest of tiill trees. Beyond this
broadly undulating district, stretches on either side of tho
Saone, in a soutn-westerly direction, towards the Rhone
country, a gently undulating region dotted with many woods
and vineyards. This zone, 45 miles on an average in breadth,
and gradually rising from the Sadue Valley, is bounded in tho
far distance by imposing masses of mountains : in the east by
the Upper Vosges and the Jura, in the west by the Langres
Plateau and the Cote d'Or.

Between the two first-named mountain ranges lies in the
neighbourhood of Belfort a rather deep saddle, in which, under
tlie cannon of this fortress, the communications leading from
tho Saone district to the Rhine valley join the road coming
from the Upper Moselle through Giromagny, In the western
mountain wall, which falls in steep slopes towards the Sadne
valley, Mont Tasselot forms the connecting link between the
Langres Plateau, 14 to 18 miles in width, and the Cote d'Or.
The foi-mer, barren in its eastern part, and tliickly wooded on
the west, has no peaks or ridges of any size^ but has many
deeply sunken ravines. With the exception of some good roads
converging at Langres, and of a very small number of transverse
commimicatious, the practicability of this plateau is, to a large
extent, hampered by masses of stone and boulders. The Cote
d*Or, seamed by the transverse valleys of the Tille and Ouche,
is dotted along the whole of its eastern slope -with prosperous
villages, and -w-ith an almost unbroken series of extensive vine-
yards; the interior of this moimtainous district is partly
wooded, partly covered with heath, stony, deficient of water,
and but sparsely peopled. The main communications of the
Yonne, Arman9on, and Upper Seine valley, ^vith the Saone,
intersect, at the eastern foot of the Cote d'Or, the old Bur-
gundy mountain road from Langi'es to Beaune, and the railway
ninning alongside it. Most of these communications lead
through Dijon, some through the district at the sources of the
Tille.* The Sa6ne flows with many sinuosities through a
meadow valley, rather more than 2 miles on an average in
breadth, the upper edges of the valley rising to a height of from
80 to 160 feet. Even above Jussey the river can only be crossed
by bridges, while it is navigable from Port sur Saone. In the
ground on the right bank there are between the numerous, but
small, tributary streams, favourable positions for defence on the
wooded heights. Still stronger positions are aflForded by tho
tributary rivers of the left bank, the Ognon, and the Doubs.
The fortress of Besan9on, situated on the latter, and the little

* The Burgundj cimal, which follows at firsfc the Ouclie rallej, and then leads
towards the Arman^on railej forms a direct connection bj water between the Sa6na
and Yonne.

204

fort of Auxonue on the Saone, command a great number of the
roads and railways which lead from Burgundy to the Rhine
and the Jura.

This long stretch of calcareous mountains rises from the plain
towards the Swiss frontier by several sharply marked and
picturesque steps, and may be distinguished in oiher respects by
a confusion of hills, rocks, depressions, fissured plateaux, and
moors. Owing to this conformation, the interior of this moun-
tainous district is as a rule deficient in good communications
from north to south. Those coming from the west lead often
through deeply sunken valleys, which have been widened by
blasting;, and converge, for the most part, near Pontarher. The
most direct road to that place from Dole is barred by the
fortifications of Salins, which at the same time command, in the
neighbourhood of its intersection with that road, the chaussee
constructed at the western foot of the mountains from Besan^on
to Lons le Saunier. The former road leads on the further side of
Pontarlier, at first through the La Cluse Pass, barred by the
Ch&teau de Joux, and afterwards over the highest transverse
ridge of the Jura to Switzerland.

the^l^th ^^ *^^® beginning of October trustworthy intelligence with
Annx Corps regard to the progress of the preparations in south-eastern
aoxoM the France was still wanting at the German head-quarters.* As
Jha^d^ ,a matter of fact a newly-forming "Vosges Army" under
06te d'Or."* General Cambriel had pushed forward abreast of Langres and
Epinal,t whilst the franctireurs and Gardes Mobiles assembled
for its protection at St. Did, Baccarat, and Rambervillers, had
threatened since the end of September the railway from
Saveme to Lundville. In rear of this body of troops, some
80,000 strong, numerous battalions of National Guards belong-
ing to the nearest departments were combined with Gardes
Mobiles and detachments of franctireurs into large units at
Dijon, Besan^-on, and Lyons. As General Cambriel, on hearing
of the fall of Strassburg, expected that the Germans would
advance through the Vosges, he thi-ew forward the bulk of his
available troops under General Dupre to meet them on the
Meurthe. On tiie 6th October that officer reached the neighbour-
hood of St. Di6, Nompatelize, and La Voivre, with about 15,000
men and 12 guns.

In order to disperse the franctireurs which had appeared
on the Meurthe General v. Werder, with the concurrence of

• SecPurtll.p. S2— 8G.

f See Port II, p. 145. The foi^ces under Q^Tiewl Cnmbriel consisted for tJio
mott parfc of GaI^de8 MobileB from Belfort, part of tlio BeKan^on ganiftou, aud troops
of ^e 80-oilled Axmj of Ljosb.

205

the supreme authorities,* had sent forward on the 2nd October
a mixed detachment of the Baden Division under General
V. Degenfeld through the Vosges in two cohimns : one from
Mutzig through Schinneck upon Raon L'Etape, the main
column further to the south from BaiT tlu-ough Senones upon
Etival.f As early as the 4th, when mo^'ing through the moun-
tain passes, barred by abattis and ditches, both columns met
with franctireurs, who retu'ed after a sHght sku-mish from La
Trouche and Ghampenay. A\Tien, on the following day, the
fusilier battalion of the Baden Body Guard Grenadiers leading
the advance of the northern column was received with fire on
the west slope of the Plaine Valley from Raon L'Etape, this
village was after a slight delay also captured, with the aid of
the 4th light battery and of the main column, taking part from
Etival. Of the latter, two companies had advanced directly
against Raon L'Etape, whilst two others overtook the adversary
at La Chipotte, while retreating after the loss of this village
upon Ramoorvillcrs, and completely dispei-sed him after half-^n-
hour's fighting, J With the occupation of Raou L'Etaoo and
Etival the western issues of two important passes of the Vosges
were in the hands of the Germans.

Meanwhile General v. Werder, after receipt of the oft-men-
tioned insti-uctions from tlie royal head-quai'ters had assembled
the main body of the Baden Division at Ban' and Alutzig,
with a view to advancing from thence on the Gth October to
St. Die and Etival. The Prussian troops of the Corps were to
follow the column advancing to the latter place as far as ychir-
meck, but were then to take the road through Raon sur Plaine
to Raon I'Etape : the trains were assigned the road from Saverne
through Blamont to Baccarat. § The detachment already on
the furtlicr side of the Vosges, and now serving as advanced

* Tlie oi*der8 of the supi*eme autlioritios of the 30th September did not reach the
Gheneml until tlie Mh. October.

t North column : — Ist and ^ns. — 1^ 4th light battery. South column:

Bodv Guard Rcgt. lat Drag. * *^

3rd Regiment, ^, 2nd and j 5th o^d heavy battery. In aU 6 battaUons, 2i

^ 6 ' 1st Dragoons* J J

squadrons, 2 batteries.

4. 2nd and 4th . ^^ r^vL 10th and 11th «^:«.4. t^ i^i.:««M.-.
J against Baon L Etape, ^ 9 against La Chipotte.

3 o

§ Left marching eolumn. (Barr-St. Di€) :

,„a Bad. B..gt., JfSS^. S^i^;. 2nd Bad. Dragoon., l.thea^.
1st and 2nd light batteries, and a battery of horse artillery.
Right marching column (Mutzig-Etival) :

«th Bad. Regt.. j|^. 3^%4J^g . 3rd light, 3„1 and 4th hc.y

batteries.

Prussian troops (Schirmeck-Raon L'Etape) :

30th and 34th Regiments ; 2nd Rcserro Dragoons and 2nd Reserre Hussars ;

3 batteries.

■«i ^ ^ ^ • l^fc J 1st

Escort to trains ; - . ^ . ana

6th Bad. 3rd Bad. Drag. '

206

guard to the Corps, received orders, while occiipjing St. Di#,
to make reconnaissances to the south and west, and to collect
supph'es at the issues from the mountain passes.

Enoaoements at la Bourgonce, Bambertillers, and Bruteres, on

THE (5th, 9th, and 11th October.

As St. Die had been for some time indicated generally as the
centre of the national arming in that neighbourhood, and ac-
cording to common report was arranged for defence, General
V. Degenfeld anticipated a serious engagement in carrying out
the task committed to him. He therefore in the early morning
of the 6th October moved off with tlie bulk of liis troops along
both banks of the Mctuihe towards that place, whilst for the
security of the mountain issues and for the collection of pro-
visions only two battaUons with a squadi'on remained behind
at Kaon L'Etape and Etival.* The patrols sent on in ad-
vance wore received with infantry fire from Nompatelize and
La Voivre ; a dense morning mist impeded however for the time
all view, so that the offensive movements could not be com-
menced until 9 o'clock.

On the west bank of the Meui-the the fusilier battalion
Oth Rpghnent now advanced against the heights of Nompate-
lize, which were occupied by the enemy, the 2nd battn. 3rd
Regiment upon Biarville.t After the guns of the 4th light
battery present with the column had fired some effective rounds
against the first-named village, one-half of the fusiUer battalion
pressed foi*ward into the noilh section of it ; the other half
found itself involved in a musketry skii*mish with French
detachments, which, while occupying the villages of La Salle
and Le Han lying to the westward, were taking the direction
of St. Remy. As the adversary also pushed forward troops
fi'om La Bourgonce, the 2nd battn. 3rd Regiment on arrival at
Biarville took part in the struggle under a brisk flanking fire
from the enemy at Les Feignes. Two companies by a rapid
advance gained the northeni border of this village, whilst the
two others pressed forward into Nompatelize and in conjunc-
tion with the fusiliers already in the village now took enth-e
possession of it.

* Column on the left (west) bank of the Mcurthc :

}M^ I^, \ f "^ , and i 4th bght batteiy, under Major Kieffer.
3 G IstJirag. "

Column on the right (oast) bank of the Menrihc :

^'* ""'j ^'"'•, * ^"rt°]^g ^"'' 2»d henrj and |rd 4th ligl.t battery, andcr

Colonel Mullcr.

In Kaon L*JEtapo, ^, , / . In Etiral, _ . ^"' .

Body Grd. 1st Drag. Body Grd.

t See Plan, No. 18.

207

On the east bank of the Meurthe the 10th co. 3rd Regiment
had thrown back some weak French detachments through
La Voivre to near Marzelay, where the latter were rein-
forced by about 400 men. The brisk fire resounding from the
westward decided General v. Degenfeld to despatch gradually
the greater part of the left wing column* to the other side of
the river, using the bridges at La Voivre and Etival, and to bring
up to the battle-field the troops which had been left to guard the
passes of the Vosges.

On the battle-field the enemy had meanwhile repeatedly ad-
vanced with very superior forces to the attack of the liaden
troops. The two guns under Lieutenant Niisslin wliich had un-
limbered to the west of the Etival-Nompatelize road held their
ground, however, in spite of the cross-fire of the enemy's artillery
from La Bourgonce and St. Remy, until the latter after 11 a.m.
was compelled by 4 guns of the 2nd heavy battery, rapidly
brouglit up through Etival, to change its position and then to
move oflF altogether. Four other guns arriving shortly after
took up a position at Biarville and cannonaded Jumelles wood,
strongly occupied by the enemy, as well as the burning Nom-
patelize, the southern half of which was taken by the French
at noon, but was recaptured shortly after by the Germans.
The 10 Baden guns now present on the battle-field were shortly
concentrated to the north-west of the last-named village.

Meanwhile the 1st battn. 3rd Baden Regiment had turned
from La Voivre towards Les Feignes, and with the aid of the
companies of the 2nd battn., which had ah-eady penetrated to the
northern border, dislodged the enemy entirely from the village,
the regimental commander, Colonel iliiller, being severely
wounded in the affair. Further on the left, the 12th company
drove some French detachments from St. Michel, La Vacherie,
and Sanceray into the Jumelles wood, which was now kept under
musketry fire from the east and north. On the extreme right
wing of the Baden fighting Kne, the fusilier battn. of the Body
Guard Grenadier Regiment, brought up from Etival, had, after a
a vigorous resistance from the enemy, occupied St. Remy, and
subsequently engaged in a skirmish with the adversary's troops
in the Bois de St. Benoit and on the Le Han heights. An attack
upon these heights made at half-past twelve o'clock was success*
ful, with the co-operation of some detachments taking part from
the side of Nompatelize.t

A further continuation of the attack did not appear advisable

» The ^^^^' lOtb.^and 11th alone remained at La Voivre.
t The Baden infantry shortly after noon occupied the following fighting line :—
weet of Sanceray.

I. 7th and 5th

Opposite the Ju<

5 in and near Los Feignes. v * * .^^^

o f loelles wood.

8th»d6th^ 12th »nd llA irxf^^Somv^ieiUe.
8 o J

208

to the Germans, as the enemy's snperiority of force was distinctly
evident. After the fire on both sides had gradually declined
in vigour, a general pause in the engagement took place at one
o'clock, which was however abruptly terminated half-an-hom*
later by a sudden counter attack from the French. Supported by
some batteries which renewed their activity from the La Bour-
gonce height, strong bodicR of infantry broke forward from the
woods of St. Benoit and Jumelles as well as from the intermediate
village of La Salle against the Baden troops deployed in an ex-
tensive Ime of company columns. The latter abandoned Le
Han which had been set on fire by the artillery, and although
they held the small copse h'ing to the northward against the
repeated assaults of tiie enemy, they found their right flank
severely threatened by the advance of other French detach-
ments upon St. Remy. At this somewhat peiilous junctm'e
three grenadier companies of the Body Guard Regiment, brought
up from Raon L'Etape, appeared shortly after two o'clock on
the battle-field west of NompateUze.* Whilst a division of
Dragoons, arriving at this time, assumed the duties of guarding
the flank at St. Remy in conjunction with the squadron hitherto
employed as artilleiy escort, and the two batteries were rein-
forced in tbeu' above mentioned position bythe two light guns left
up to that time at La Voivre, Major v. Gemmingen led forward
those three companies to the attack in the direction of La Bom--
gonce. Under a heavy fire from Le Han and from Jumelles
wood, the Baden Grenadiers succeeded however in gaining a
firm footing on the nearest slope of the height, and from
thence made further progress at three o'clock. The 1st com-
pany stormed the farmstead of La Valdange, and then in con-
junction with the 3rd approached the east side of La Salle,
which was surrounded also from the west by the simultaneous
advance of the three fnsilier companies of the Regiment through
Le Han and the Bois de St. Benoit. The enemy made several
forward movements in order to ward off the threatening attack,
but was driven completely out of the place at four o'clock by
the Germans, who forced their way into it on both sides.
He now also evacuated the houses situated at the border of the
Bois de St. Benoit and disappeared in the wooded countrj^ abut-
ting on the west.

lOrh nnd 0th n^^rtii.'wcst. of Nompatelize.

12th nml mil / i^j^ cletacLmcntB of "^ and ^'^ on the La Han heights.
Body Grd. ' \ 6 3/ *

^ , skinuishintr to the east of the Bois de St. Benoit.

Bodv Ghrd.'

1 — 1 had rowalDed as escort to t]ie baggage in Etiral, and followed

Body Grd-

later throuarh La ToiTre to the battle-field. At the latter village there still
remained -^llLi^llliliHl' and 2 gnns of the 4th light battery. )

* Only about 4o0 men in uU. Besides the 2nd company, several detAchments
deputed to collect proTisions vrere also absent.

209

Meanwhile the 4th co. of the Body Guard Grenadiers with
some detachments had advanced from Nompatelize a^^ainst La
Folie, and shortly after Major Steinwachs with the entire left
wing of the Baden infantry moved to the attack of the Jumelles
wood. The adversaiy contested the groimd step by step as far
as the top of the ridge, but then fled down the reverse slope
in disorder to La Bourgonce. followed by the file-fire of the
victors, who occupied the village just named shortly after four
o'clock.*

After the seven houiV struggle had thus come to a termi-
nation, the enemy fell back in iucreased disorder and wth a
total loss of 1,400 menf to Rambervillers and Bi-uyeres. Gene-
ral Dupre was himself wounded ; one franctireur colour left on
the ground fell into the hands of the Germans. The latter,
who had lost 400 men, occupied bivouacs on the battle-field
at nightfall, as their state of exhaustion precluded any further
pursuit. In the course of the two next days the patrols scour-
ing the country round only came across some retreating franc-
tireurs ; St. Die was also found to be abandoned by the enemy.

The main body of the XlVth Army Corps had meanwhile on
the 6th October commenced its prescribed movement through
the Vosges. The Baden Division reached on the 8th the
neighbourhood of St. Die and Etival, where, with the pre-
vious advanced guard,t it took up its quarters on the yth.
Reconnoitring detachments found on the 10th October the
roads leading southward from La Bourgonce and St. Di^
barred at several points by obstacles, and partly also occu-
pied by the enemy. Two companies of the 5th Baden Regi-
ment met on the Upper Meurthe, at Anould and Belrepaire.
some Mobiles Guards and frunctirem's, forming, accoriUng to
the statement of the inhabitants, the rear-guard of a column
of troops retiring along tliis river, and threw them back to
beyond Fraize.

The Prussian troops had on the 9th October reached Raon
I'Etape, and from thence despatched the musketeer battaUons
of the 30th Regiment "with a squadron of hussars, to scour the
Mortagne valley towards St. Benoit. As a detachment pushed
forward in the direction of Rambervillers, after a brief skirmish

'^ and parts of the 3rd and 6th Begiments.

Bodj Grd.

t 81 iQ killed, 500 wounded, 600 unwounded prisoners. For details with regard to
the losses of the Germans, see Appendix LXXXIII, which contains all the losses
sustained by the XIYth Army Corps in battle between the 1st October and tho 16th
November. ,

{ 1st Brigade : 8rd Dragoons, and two batteries in and around EtiraL
2ud Brigade : Ist Dragoons, and two batteries between Etiral and St Di^.
3rd Brigade : 2nd Dragoons, and fire batteries in and around St. Di6.

This distribution of tho troops, diiferinsr from the usual form (3 independent
brigades, provided with cavalry and artillery) was to fit the various parts of the corps
as far as possible for independent action, iu consideration of the tasks before them.
The Prussian troops, consisting of 6 battalions, 2 regiments of cavalry, and 3 batteries,
formed the fourth brigade of the corps.

D 2

210

with the enemy posted there for defence, had been compelled
to retreat, Lieut.-Colonel Nachtigal moved off that afternoon
with the 2nd battn. of the same regiment towards the place,
in order to prevent the concentration of the Gardes Mobiles,
who as he had learnt had been summoned thither. Under a
heavy fire firom the enemy, the 7th co. stormed the cemetery
lying in fi*ont of the south side of the town, whilst the 5th and
8th, pressing forward on either side of it, scaled the barricades
at the street entrances. But in the interior of the place the
adversiiry opposed such a stubborn resistance, that the Prus-
sians could make but slow progress, and their commanders,
holding the part of the town captured by the evening, broke
off the action with the intention of renewing the assault next
morning. But as the enemy entirely evacuated Rambervillers
in the night, the reinforcements brought up during the en-
^gement from St. Benoit and others despatcned on tne follow-
mg day by the Corps' head-quarters, did not come into action.
A detachment advancing in pursuit only drove away some
stragglers on the road to Charmes; the cavalry patrols took
possession of the arms which they found in the adjacent
villages. The loss of the Germans in the action just mentioned
amounted to some 30 men, that of tlie adversary to about 60
men ; on the side of the former Major v. Berckefeldt was
severely wounded.

After the trains of the XlVth Army Coi*ps had arrived at
Baccarat on the 10th October, the advance was continued next
day on a broad front towards the south-west. The Prussians
were as heretofore on the right wing, and reached the neigh-
bourhood of Rambervillers, whither General v. Werder dso
transferred his quarters ; an advanced guard was pushed for-
ward to St. Helene. On the left wing of the Baden Division
advancing on the Meurthe, the 2nd Brigade reached Anould
and Corcieux, the 3rd La Haussi^re, whilst the 1st bent into
the narrow Mortagne valley near Maillefaing at nine a.m., and
there became mvoived in an action.

General Cambriels, who some days before had reached
Epinal from Belfort, had meanwhile assembled his still available
forces at Bi-uyeres and occupied an entrenched position between
Beaumenil and Laval, with the assistance of the inhabitants ;
detachments of Garde Mobile and fi*anctireurs were thrown out
on the nortli as far as the left edge of the Mortagne valley.
When the fusilier battn. 2nd Regiment marching at the
head of the 1st Baden Brigade was approaching La Hazelle
Mill, it was fired upon from the height of the Bois de Frizimont.
The leading company had in consequence to halt in its advance
along the valley road, but the other three ascended the steep
slope, threw back shortly in conjunction with the fiu^t the
outfiauked adversary to Domfaing, and then drove him beyond
the Kapellen-Berg, which rises on the further side of this village,
to BiTiyei*e8. Meantime the 2nd battn. of the regiment fol-
lowing through Maillefaing had taken the road along the river

211

and driven a hostile detachment out of the farmstead of Neuf
Moulin, which lies at the point where the valley road issues on
the south-west ; near the fiarmstead a Baden battery now came
into action. Supported by its shell fire, two companies of the
1st batfcn. taking part from the right bank of the river pene-
trated into the Bois d'Obtinrupt further down, which was occu-
pied l>y the enemy, and shortly after 1 p.m. also entered the
village of Brouvelieures concurrently with the 2nd battn. advan-
cing from the eastward.*

AVhcn the Baden Brigade had entirely emerged from the
Mortagne valley, Colonel Bayerf at 2*30 p.m. moved from
Brouvelieures and Domfaing to the attack of Bniyeres. The
2nd Regiment fell at Moulin de la Bataille under the fire of
French tirailleurs who occupied the heights rising on either side
of the town, but who were speedily driven ofi' by the rapidly
deployed 2nd battalion. At 4.30 p.m. Bruyeres was in the
hands of the Germans. A reconnoitring detachment pushed
forward late in the evening to Laval, forced its way after an
etnbittered struggle into the town-hall there, which was
defended by franctireurs, but w^as again compelled to retire
upon Bruy^res in consequence of the advance of hostile rein-
forcements. The loss of the Baden Brigade in the action of the
11th October barely amoimted to 40 men.

On the morning of the 12th October the cavahy patrols
despatched towards Faucompieri'e and Champdray reported
that the enemy had entirely abandoned the southern envii-ons
of Bruveres, and had ^nthdrawn to Eemiremont and Gerard-
mer. As the French evidently hereby evaded the decisive
appeal to force, General v. Werder resolved to abstain from
renewing the attack, for which he had already given orders,
and to move through Epinal to the Upper Seine in accordance
with the instnictions which he had received. For this pui*pose
he ordered the Prussian troops to advance at once through
Girecoml, and in the afternoon gave instructi(ms for the
Baden Division to move to the right in such wise that the
1st Brigade marched from Bruy^res to Girecourt, the 3rd and
2ndJ to Bruveres and Deycimont.

As the Pinissians arrived "vnth their advance beyond
Deyvillere, French troops showed themselves in the localities
in front. The 1st battn. 30th liegiment after a slight skii'mish
drove back, however, upon Epinal the franctireurs who were
ofiering resistance at the border of the wood south of the road,

* The other half of the 1st battolion (2iid and 4th companies) liad mored tUong
the left bank of the Mortagne towards Domfaing, trhich was, liowever, already
taken by the fusiliers.

_ »

t Commander of the 4th Kegiment, and prOTisionallv commanding 1st Brigade.
See Appendix LXXXI.

t ThJa brigade from the Upper Meurthe.

212

and then, supported by the fire of the two batteries, made
their way towards the park and cemetery close in front of the
north-east entrance of the place. The French did not await
this attack, but hastily evacuated their positions as well as the
town itself, whereupon the latter was occupied at 4 p.m. by
the Prussians. Cavalry detachments made incursions on the
flank of the enemy, who lost in all 30 prisoners. The Baden
troops reached their destination -without any special incident ;
the 2nd Brigade had alone met witli some French stragglers
near Barbcy Seroux.

On the 13th October the 1st and 2nd Baden Brigades moved
as far as the Moselle to Epinal and Arches, the 3rd to Docelles,
whilst the Prussians for the protection of Epinal pushed across
a strong advanced guard to the left bank of the Moselle. The
1st and 2nd cos. 34th Regiment in their advance to Les Forges
repulsed, vnth the aid of the artillerv, a French detachment
some 300 strong, which retreated southward with considerable
loss. On this day Lieut. -General v. Beyer and Prince William
of Baden reached Epinal. The fonner once more assumed
the command of the Baden Di-vTsion,* the latter that of the
1st Brigade.

After the I'unction thus effected of the German forces round
Epinal the XlVth Coi^ps an-anged its rearward communications
northward along the Moselle, where they entered into the
rayon of the Government-General. An Etappcn road was
shortly formed to Luneville, and at the same tmie the restora-
tion of the railway to Blainville, which had been destroyed at
seveml points by the enemy, was taken in hand, whilst a tele-
graphic wii-e was laid through Chaimes to Kancy, and witli
the aid of the trains brought up through Ramben^illers the
filling of the magazines in Epmal was commenced. The
Government-General of Lorraine undertook the duty of pro-
tecting the line of railway between Blainville and Epinal, and
pushed forward a strong detachment of Wiirttemberg Etappen
troops to Baccarat,t which were placed at the special disposal
of the XlVtli Corps, and estabUshed connection with the rear-
ward posts of the latter-t

But it soon became evident that the restoration of trafiic on
the railway to Blainville. which had been destroyed at several

* After Oenorol t. Berer had fallen Bick in August (see Fart I, toI. ii, p. 437),
and the XlVth Armj Corps iras organised, the preTious commander of the IStJi
DiTision, Greneral r. Gliimer, bad been appointed to command the Baden Dirision.
Bat as the latter likewise feU sick, he was succeeded prorisionallj until the return of
General t. Bejcr by the senior Brigade Commander.

t 2 battalions, 1 squadron.

J — '■ i-and — --r-1 — y- — , which, being appointed to collect the arms in the

30 2nd Bes. Hus. ® ^^

▼illagcB, had reached Chatel-sur-Moselle on the 12th October; — — i — and

^ ■ -? — 7T , which had remained as garrison in Baon L'Etape until the srriTal of

2nd Bes. Drag. "

Etappcn troops.

213

points by the French, would take some coiiBitarablo time,*
and that the bombardment of Langres, \vhich barred the railway
from Epinal to Chaumont, with heavy artillery from !Stratf«burg,
as suggested by the supreme authorities, could not tor the
present be attempted, (reneral v, Werder therefore reported
to the ro3'al head-quarters that he contemplated contimiing
the march which had been prescribed for Iiim to the Upper
Seine by way of Neufch&teau to Chaumont. where the
railway coming' from Blesme afibrded a speedy ;md sure con-
nection with the main line of communications of the (icrman
Army with home territory. 13ut as the enemy's forces in
Eastern France were considerably under-estimattd at the royal
head-quarters, and theu' speedy discomfiture appeared perfectly
practicable, CJeneral v. Werder now received instnictions to
attack the nearest body of the enemy.

Meanwhile, General Cambriels, who had been inspired with
apprehension for his own communications in consequence of
the appearance of the Germans between Miilhauijen and Bel-
fort,t had after the defeats sustained at Remu-emont brought
back his jissembled troops on the night of the 13th-14th October
to yt. Loup and Luxeuil. The 3rd Baden Brigade, recoimoitring
next morning towards Remiremont, found this place already
abandoned, and occupied it "without opposition.

General v. Werder, under these cu-cumstances, resolved on
the 15th October to take the direction of Vesoul, reported the
intention to the royal head-quarters at Vei-sailles, and that same
day pushed forward the 1st Baden Brigade to Xtitigny. On
the liith the entire Coips moved off southward, with the 3rd
and 2nd Baden Brigades by wny of Remiremont and Luxeuil,
Avith the remainder of the troops via Xertigny, ►'^t. Loup,
and Contlans. A detachment of Pnissian trot>p.s uf about
two battalions, two squadi'ons, and a battery.J took over the
duties of protecting the right Hank, and reached X'auvillers on
the 1 7th. Alter that the cavahy patrols, hastening ahead of
the various columns, had traversed the B el fort-L angles railway
along its whole extent between Lure and Jussy witlicmt meeting
the enemy, and had destroyed it at several points, the 1st
Baden Brigade occupied Vesoul on the 18th October. In rear
of it on this day the 2nd Brigade reached Luxeuil. and. with
its ad\ anced guard, Lure ; whilst the 3rd pushed forward from
Luxeuil to the right as far as (.'onflans, and the Prussians
remained halted at ISt. Loup and Vauvillers. At Lure the
railway bridge across the Ognon was blown up.

* Extensive demolitions of the bridges on this raihvnr had taken ]»lnec to the
cast of Jjayon, ui Langley and Kpinal, as well as further south au Xertignv aud
Aillerillcrs.

t 4th Keserrc l^ivisiou. See subsequent norraiire.

4th,5th,8th.andlllrd 2nd and f 4th ^^^^ j ^^^^^,^ ^^ ^^^

+ yji '2nd Kes. Drag/ "^ " '^

Corps.

214

On the 17th and the night of the 17th — 18th two more tele-
grams from the royal head-quarters had reached the head-
quaiters of the XlVth Corps ; the royal head-quarters repeated
tiie order for pursuing the enemy, who was probably extended
as far as Besan9on, and demanded that the Corps would then
move off thi'ough Dijon to Bourges. As all communications
meanwhile received with regard to the state of the troops de-
feated at La liourgonce and Bruyeres led to the certain infer-
ence that these latter would continue their retreat without delay,
and from the start which they had gained could only be over-
taken under the protecting i-amparts of Besan^on, General v.
Werder determined at once to take fi'om Vesoul the direction of
Dijon. For this puipose, he pushed forward the 1st Baden Bri-
gade as far as Belle Le Chatel on the 19th October, and brought
up also the rest of the Corps closer to the Sa,6ne.*

On this day, however, mtelhgence reached the German head-
quarters at \ esoul to the effect that part of the French troops
had halted on the Ognon, and taken up quarters in the neigh-
bourhood of Etuz and Mamay, for the purpose of covering a con-
centration of fresh forces at Besan^on. This was confiimed by
the report of a patrol of the 1st Baden Brigade which had ad-
vanced towards Voray, and had met with a strong detachment
of French cavalry at Kioz. The general commandiug the Corps
seized this opportunity for dehvering a fresh attack upon the
enemy, already shaken in several engagements. After he had
first arawn forward on the 20th the Prussian troops to the right
as far as Combeaufontaine, he moved off next day the entire
Corps along the roads to Pin, Etuz, and Voray, in the direction
of the Ognon. The three Baden Infantiy Brigades, the 1st on
the right, the 3rd on the left wing, reached this day with their
heads, Bucey les Gy, Oiselay, €uid Courboux ; in their rear were
the Prussians at Neuvelle les la Charite. The right Hanking
detachment of the latter had proceeded from Jussy in a
westerly direction to Fayl Billot, and there dispersed some
detachments of Gardes Mobiles and franctu-eurs throA\Ti out
from Langi^es. A Baden Cavalry Brigade,* which was scouting
on the right flank of the Corps with the object of interrupting
communications along the railways from Dijon to Belfort and
Besdn^on, met on the 21st in the neighboiu'hood of Beaujeux,
the Pnissiau detachment of troops t gi*adually following from
Chatel-sur-Moselle.

* 2nd Baden Brigade to Vesoul^ 3rd Baden Brigade to Port-snr-Saone, Prussian
troops to FaTerucT ; right flank detachment of the latter to Jussr.

"t 2nd and Sixi Baden Dragoon regiments with the horse artillcrj battery, and
10th

Bodv Grd.

X Sec Part II, p. 212 ; ---1 was alone left as escort to the trains.

215

Enqaqsuints on the Oonon on the 22xd October.*

The general commanding the XlVth Coi-pa had in the first
instance antinged for the 22nd October merely the occupation
of the passages of the Ognon, reserving any further plans
until the amval of reports. On the right vnng; the 1st
Baden Brigade reached Autoreille at 9 a.m., and with its ad-
vanced troops, without meeting the enemy, the bridges at
Mamay and rin. The fusiher battalion, 5th liegiment, leading
the advance of the 3rd Brigade, drove, after a stubborn re-
sistance, some bodies of franctireurs out of the woods south of
Rioz, and, in a skirmish in which it gradually gained gi'ound,
pressed forward as for as the edge of the Ognon valley. In
storming the village of Perrouse, tlie 5th squadron of the Body
Guard Dragoons rode down a line of the enemy's skiimishers.
Fresh French troops, which shortly after\N'ards endeavomred
from Buthier to assail in front and outflank the Baden bat-
talion, were thrown back into the valley by the fire of the 1st
heavy battery, which came into action by order of General
Keller to the west of Perrouse. After that this battery had
next set on fire Buthier, Voray, and Bonnay, the fusiliera made
themselves masters by 2.30 p.m. of the fii'st-named village. An
hour later the 2nd battahon of the regiment also occupied
Voray and the passage of the Ognon at that place ; whilst the
battery, from a iresn position between Buthier and Voray,
brought a shell-fire to bear upon the retreating foe. and reduced
to silence the artillery which had come into action on the south
bank. In accordance with the instructions they had received,
both brigade commandera halted their advancea troops on the
Ognon. Of the 3rd Brigade, the fusilier battalion, lith Hegi-
ment, had already in the morning been detached to Wont-
bozon, for the purpose of inteiTupting the telegiaphic com-
munication and destroying the bridges over the Ognon at that
point.

The advanced guard of the central brigade, consisting of the
Ist battn, 3rd Segiment, with half a squadron of the Body
Guard Dragoons, and two guns of the 4th light battery, had in
its movement upon £tuz been received with a brisk musketry
fire, but had captured this village, after firing a few shells into
it. Whilst the 3rd company now followed the French in their
retieat over the Ognon to Cuesey, other detachments of the
enemy advanced along the northern bank from Boulot, and
through the Bois de Ketlieu against the line of march of the
brigade. In consequence of this, the advanced guard of the
latter, threatened on the left flank and almost suiTounded,
assembled at the south border of Longe Queue Wood, under cover
of the 4th company, which at once showed front to'\\ ards the

• See FUn, Xo. 19.

216

endangered side. General v. Degenfeid, who had reached
Villoreille with the mam body, and had there received in-
structions at 11 a.m. from the Divisional Commander to drive
the foe from the northern bank of the Ugnon, now ordered his
advanced guard to renew its movement upon £tuz, reinforced
it for this purpose with the 4th heavy battery, and at the same
time caused the Ist battn. 4th Regiment to attack the Bois de
Retheu from Bonnevent. At 1 p.m. Etuz, under fire of the
Baden artillery, was evacuated for the second time by the
adversary, and occupied by two companies.

General v, Werder on reaching Oiselay with the Prussiau
troops at 11 a.m., received intelUgence of the occupation
of the passages of the lower Ognon ; he therefore ordered
shortly after noon the 1st Baden Brigade to proceed by way of
Pin against the flank and rear of the enemy assembled at
Cussey, while the 2nd was to Umit its eflForts for the present to
holding him in check. In consequence of this, there arose
between the Baden troops at Etuz and the French at Cussey
a stationaiy action which lasted several hours. Into this action
were di-awii by degrees six musketeer companies of the 3rd
Regiment,* as tne enemy made repeated advances from Cussey.
On the height, to the east of Etuz, the 1st battn. 4th Regiment
likewise took part in the engagement, and had meanwhile
driven the enemy in its front, consisting only of some two
companies, from the Bois de Retheu and from Boulot. The rest
of the brigade formed up in the neighbourhood of Montboillon.

At 3 p.ni., after the arrival of reinforcements at Cussey, the
French resumed the struggle at that point with greater vigour.
But, as on the German side, the two musketeer companies still
available of the 3rd Baden Regiment were drawn forward
towards the right wine, and both batteries had vigorously
cannonaded the Ognon bridge, the adversary's detachments on
the north bank of the river were no longer able to hold their
ground. Immediately behmd the enemy, retuing in all haste
across the bridge, the Baden infantiy forced their way into
Cussey, where they made numerous prisoners ; the 1st squadron
of the Body Guard Dragoons contmued the pursuit as far as
the adjacent border of the wood. At 4 o'clock Cussey was in
imcontested possession of the 2nd Baden Brigade. This latter
now assembed at the south side of the village, whilst the
musketeer battalions of the 30th Prussian Regiment occupied
the point of passage at Bussieres, ftu-ther up stream, and two
squadrons of the 2nd Reserve Dragoons, with the Baden 2nd
light battery, moved up to Cussey. General v. Werder, who
had brought forward these last troops in support, and bad pro-
ceeded to the Geneuille height after the capture of Cussey,
now ordered the attack upon the woods in front, and also upon
the villages of Upper and Lower Auxon. He thereby intended,
in consequence of a report meanwhile received from the 3rd

• Ist and 7tb, 6th.

217

Brigade, to cut off the enemy engaged at Voray from its line of
retreat to Besan9on.

The French had prepared for defence upon commanding
heights on both the roads which connect the passages of the
Ognon at Cussey and Voray with the fortress in question, and
meet about three miles to the north of it at Valentin. Upper
Auxon and the hill-side falling toward Geneuille were strongly
occupied by infantiy ; batteries ou both flanks swept the partly
open, partly wooded countiy south of the river. -^Vt Chatillon
le Due even lieavy gims were brought into position. The
1st battn. 4th Baden Kcgimciit, while advancing from Cussey,
was received "uath a brisk shell-lire in the northern part of the
wood ; the Ist company reached, it is true, the foremost houses
of Upper Auxon, but was unable to hold its position, and there-
fore, in conjimction with the 1st battn. 3rd Regiment, which
had been advanced to its support, made a firm stand at the
south border of the wood opposite the enemy's left '\nng.
Further eastward, by order of the commanding general, the
2nd battn. 30th Regiment moved against Chatillon le Due. after
that the thi-ee Baden batteries* assembled at Cussey and
Bussieres had, from a position at Geneuille, opened the struggle
with the artillery of the French right wing. The battalion
crossed the low meadows which extend in front of the last-
named village, and, ui spite of the heaviest fire from the
enemy's infantiy and artillery, after reacliing the foot of the
heights, gradually pressed forward in the direction of the Bois
de Chailloz. Special progress was made by the 8th co., which
had been brougiit foi-ward to the extreme left wing, and which^
had been joined by two companies of the 5th Baden Regiment,
taking part Irom Voray. Between these columns, which had
advanced from Cussey and Bussieres, the 1st battn. 3()th
Regiment and three companies of the 3id Baden Regiment
moved forward at five o'clock through Geneuille against the Bois
de VauvereiJle, which was still in the enemy's occupation. The
latter, without awaiting the attack, retired to Upper Auxon
and to the Bois de Chailloz. As the falling darkness prevented
any further fruit being reaped from the successes achieved, the
Prussian battalions, after the fire had gradually ceased, were
withdrawn across the Ognon ; the Baden troops for the most
part to Cussey and Geneuille. Only the 1st battns. of the 3rd
and 4th Regiments remained in their positions at the edge of
the wood north of Upper Auxon.

The brigade of the right wing, which, since an early hour ot
the morning, was in possession of the passages at Marnay and
Pin, had received at 2 p.m. the order already mentioned to ad-
vance along the south bank of the Ognon. Prince William of
Baden had in consequence moved oft* the main body of the Bri-
gade by way ot Emaguy and Montcley, but, on emerging from
the Bois de Cussey, found that the engagement was aheady at

# 4th lights 4th heary, and 2nd light batteriof.

218

an end. Colonel v. Wechmar, who, "with the half of the Body
Guard Grenadiers had taken further on the right the road
through Chaucenne and Lower Auxon, was received with fire
towards 7 p.m. from Upper Auxon, situated on more command-
ing ground. After a fruitless advance on the part of the 1st co.,
tha 1st battn. passed to the attack, and in conjunction with the
two battalions of the 2nd Brigade which had been left at the
adjacent edge of the wood, completely drove the enemy from
the village. The Baden troops, which had taken part in this
short evening engagement, were subsequently likewise with-
drawn to the Ognon.

The Germans had in these engagements lost altogether
nearly 120 men. The enemy's losses in killed and wounded
amounted, it is said, to 150, in prisoners upwards of 200
men.

General v. Werder, on the evening of the 22nd October, took
up his head-quarters with the Prussian troops at Oiselay ; the
3rd Baden Brigade occupied quarters and bivouacs at Butliier
and Voray, the 2nd at Geneuule, Cussey, Bussieres, and Etuz,
the 1st at Pin and Emagny. The Baden Cavalry Brigade
under Major-General v. La Roche, scouting on the right tiank
of the Corps, had dislodged during the afternoon a body ol
franctireurs, some 400 strong, from Pesmes, and occupied that
place. The Prussian detachment which had reached Beaujeux
on the previous day had moved forward to Gray, where the
demolitions upon the railway, commenced on the evening before,
were bein^ continued. The previous right-flank detachment
of the XI Vth Corps reached PortH3ur-Sa6ne.

On the 23rd October the Germans made reconnaissances
from the Ognon to the south and south-west. Patrols of the
Baden infantiy brigades found, as on the previous day, the
heightB of Chatillon Le Due occupied by the enemy. The
1st battn., 4th Regiment, drove French outposts from the
Bois de Chailloz ; the 1st battn., 3rd Regiment, found, on the
other hand, ita forward movement impeded by artillery and
musketry fire from Valentin and Ecofe. Some detachinentB
advancing from Pesmes to destroy the railways, also encountered,
at a considerable distance from Dole and Auxonnc, superior
hostile forces, which, according to some intercepted letters,
foimed the advanced guard of a second **VosgeB Anny,'^
assembling on the Lower Doubs under Garibaldi. The Italian
general, who had entered in September the ser\'ice of the French
Republic, had, however, to contend with many difficulties
owing to want of support from the local authonties, and at
this time had only collected some 4,000 men at Dole.

On the 18th the minister, Gambetta, had anived at Be-
san9on for the purj^ose of accelerating tlie preparations in south-
eastern France, and once more raising the drooping courage
of General Cambriels' troops. This officer had resolutely re-

219

fused to comply Tritii the order directing liim to make a
renewed advance towards the passes of the Vosges, but had
come to the determination to make a stand with the troops at
his disposiil in the strong position at Besan9on on the Doubs,
and there to resist the fui'ther progress of the Germans.

But it was not contemplated by these latter to continue the
advance in the previous direction beyond the Ognon, and again
tiy conclusions with an enemy now dh-ectly appuyed on a strong
fortress. In the conviction that any such attempt, even uuder
the most favourable circumstances, could lead to no ilecisivo
rcsnlt, but in any case would entail heavy loss. General
V. Werdor determined to lead Ins Corps in the first instance
to the Saone Valley, "with the object of subsequently com-
mencing, by way of Gray and Dijon, the movement westward
prescribed to liim by the supi'eme authorities.

Accordingly the Prussian Brigade marched on the 24tli
October to La Chapelle St. Quillain, whence an advanced
guard, consisting of seven companies, one squadron, and one
battery, was thrown forward to the passages of the Saone at
Seveux and Savoyeux. These troops met at the south entrance
into the Belle Vaivre Wood some armed peasants, who were
there occupied in preparing abattis, and who offered so much
resistance at the village close by and at Seveux, that they
had to be dislodged by artillery fire. On the left of the
Prussians the Baden cavalry moved fi-om Pesmes to Gray; the
three Baden iufantiy brigades, the 1st now on the left Aving,
reached Velesmes, Etrellcs, and Bourguignon les la Charite.
At many places the roads were found to have been made im-
passable ; small detachments found tliemselves frequently
molested by franctircurs ; at all points the inhabitants mani-
fested an active pai-ticipation in the defence of the country.

On the 2()th October the Prussian Brigade, which was re-
joined by the previously-mentioned flank detachment from
Port-sur-Saone by way of Fresnes St. ^lam^s, advanced as far
as Gray, whilst the 1st Baden Brigade and a cavalry brigade,
newly formed from Prussian and Baden detachments,* showed
fi.'ont on the further side of this place towards the three main
directions of Dijon, Ch^tillon-sur-Seine, and Langres. The
2nd Baden Brigade reached the Saone at Dampierro, and
brought up lilcewise to this river, at Port and Scey, a detach-
ment hitherto left at Vesoul ; the 3rd Brigade, further south at
Chantonnay and Viliefranijon, took over the duties of observing
towards the side of Dole and Besan^on. Tho connection
with Epinal was for the present maintamed by flying
columns.

The troops which had crossed to the right bank of tho Saone,

* 2nd Baden Dragoons and 2nd "Reserre Huasan, with the Baden horso artillery

battery, ——. --— - — -— , and — - Th* Ist and 3rd Infantir Bn'gades were each

"^ Baden B. a. Orcn. 30 • / &

assigned two squadrons of the 3rd Baden Dragoons.

220

affcer meeting and expelling: some French Gardes Mobiles from
the woods north-west of Gray, made reconnaissances on the
27th October in the direction of Dijon. On this side of the
Yingeanne Brook the Germans had abeady come in contact
with the enemy at several points. Two fusiUer companies of
the 2nd Badeu Regiment, with four gmis of the 3rd heavy bat*
tery, moved from Antrey to the attack of about 600 Gardes
Mobiles, who, on the approach of another detachment from the
right wing of the XTv th Corps, had withdrawn from Le Fahy
and Pouiliy Wood to Momay and St. Seine L'figlise. In an
engagement which lasted an hour and a-half the Gardes
Mobiles were driven from the height in front of St. Seine, and
then also from this village, with the loss of all their baggage
and 60 prisoners. Further down the Yingeanne Brook were
seen some isolated French posts; stronger bodies, stationed at
the point where the roads fork to Mirebeau and Pontailler,
evacuated after a slight skinmsh with the 2nd battn. Baden
Body Guard Grenadiers the village of Essertenne and the
copses lying to the west, which were barricaded with numerous
abattis. The 5th and 8th cos. in following up through the copses
came in contact with the entirely unguardea flank of a column of
Gardes Mobiles marching from Talmay to Keneve L'EgUse.
The enemy, 1.200 strong, was driven partly over the v in-
geanne, partly towards Talmay, which nad been meanwhile
occupied by the 6th co., where 15 French officers and 430 men,
being entirely surrounded, laid down their arms. The Baden
battaUon, with the troops attached to it,* now took up a
position at Essertenne, but left one of its companies in Talmay.
As the latter reported a second advance of the enemy towaras
the Yingeanne, while all the statements of the prisoners confirmed
the intelligence received on the previous day, that Dijon was
strongly occupied, and that a " C6te d'Or Army " was there in
process of formation, the troops of the 1st Baden Brigade pre-
sent at Mantoche were brought up in support on the afternoon
of the 27th to Essertenne, and the 3rd Brigade nearer to Gray.
On the following day the XIYth Corps, after having alre€tdy
assembled in the morning at Gray in expectation of an attack,

Sushed forward with its main forces in the direction of Dijon.
^nly the 2iid Baden Brigade remained at Gray, the 3rd, the
Prussian troops, and the newly-formed cavalry brigade, reached
Talmay, Reneve L'Eglise, and Dampierre, on tlie Yingeanne

Eosition ; the 1st Baden Brigade in front line arrived at Mire-
eau. But at no point did the cavalry patrols hastening in front
gain the touch of the enemy, who, after destroying the Saone
bridges at Pontailler and La Marche, was already flying in comr
plete disorder to Dijon, and a smaller body to Auxonne. Other
reports stated that the enemy after rallying at Besangon had
again moved forward with his advanced troops as far as the

* With the battalion there were two gum of the 8id light battery, and —^ .

221

Ognon, and that a strong coutingent was rnarching from the
>outh upon Dole.

On the 2llth the march to Dijon was to bo continued as far
as the Tille, when early in the morning a letter from General
V. iloltke reached the head-quarters of the XI Vth Corps, assign-
ing other duties to the German troops in south-eastern France
in view of the impending fall of iletz.

In this letter General v. AVerder was mstnicted, with the
assistance of the 1st and 4th Resurve Divisions now placed
under his orders, to protect Alsace and tlie German communi-
cations, to cover the left flank of the llnd Anny iu its advance,
to invest, and subsequently lay siege to, the fortresses of
Schlettstadt. Neu-Breisach, and Belfort, and to hold in check
with his Corps a French force of corresponding strength to his
own. For the latter purpose the German troops already iu the
Saone district were to take up a position at Vesoul against an
enemy assembled somewhere near Besangon, and whilst strongly
occupying Dijon to guard themselves at the same time against
Langres. It was also ordered that up to the arrival of the
1st Reserve Division before Belfort, that fortress should be
closely watched, so as to be able to meet in time the raids
towards the Vosges and Upper Alsace, which, it was said, were
contemplated from that place. Further, General v.. Werder
Avas enjoined to attack foilhwith any small hostile detachments,
in doing wliich he might even advance southward beyond
!>esau(:on, so long as such proceedings were in harmony with
the main ol)jccts abeady indicated.*

The general now resolved to move off, in the firat instance,
to Vesoul with the XlVth Corps. But as according to a report
from the Lst Bavarian Brigade, received on the afternoon of the
2iHh, Dijon had been evacuated by the enemy, Lieut.-General
V. Beyer received instructions to take possession of this to^ni
on the following day with two Baden Brigades, but not to be
•Irawn into a serious engagement unless favourable circum-
stances otfered.

Es-GAGEMEKT AT DiJON ON THE 30tH OCTOBEB.t

In accordance with ordei's received the let Baden Brigade
set off at 7.30 a.m. on the 30th October from Mu'ebeau by
way of Magny, whilst the 3rd followed it by way of Eenive
TEglise and then along tlie same road, as the road from Talmay
to Etevaux had been made impassable by the enemy. The
cavahy patrols sent ahead of the advanced guard of the 1st

* Appendix LXXXIY contains the text of tliis letter, which had been prepared
In Versailles as earlj as the 23rd. A cjphcr tclefpnm despatched at the same time
from th:it place to the head-quarters of the XI Vth Corps hod not reached its des-
tination, on account of on interruption in the communication at Epinol.

t See Plan 20.

2S2

Biio^ade reported at 9.30 that they had been received with fire
to the west of Arc-sur-Tille, and that the further bank of the
Norges brook was occupied by French troops. In contradic-
tion of the intelligence received on the previous day, the enemy
appeared therefore intent upon defending Dijon.

At that place, it is true, under the first impression of the pro-
ceedings at Talmay and St. Seine L'Eglise on the 27th Octooer,
the (National Guards had been disarmed, and the Cote d*Or
Army, consisting chiefiy of Gai*des Mobiles, had been withdrawn
to the south ; shortly after, however, the inhabitants of Dijon
had carried their point with the authorities for again bringing
up the troops for the defence of the town. Inclusive of some
reinforcements arrived from Langres and Auxonue, there were
on the morning of the 80th in readiness for defence three line
battalions, several battaUons of Gardes Mobiles, one chasseur
company, and the National Guards once more summoned to
arms, making a total of some 8,000 men. The commander of
these forces. Colonel Fauconnet, had, however, to pledge himself
to the authorities that he would fight the action outside the
town, and therefore had pushed forward small detachments
through Varois towards the Tille.

Dijon, the old fortified capital of ancient Burp:undy, hes on
the steeply-rising easteni slope of the Cote d'Or hills. The
old ramparts are converted into a park, dividing the inner to"wn
from the newer parts of it. The Suzon brook enters the Bubm*bs
firom the northward, then suiTounds in a deeply-stmken ditch
the eastern margin of that park and quits the south suburb
on the Auxonne road. Whilst the hills with their steep and
rocky declivities and their isolated peaks approach rather closely
to the west side of the town, broadly-swelling heights rise in
the environs to the noi*th and east. I'o the south of the town
and of the Montmusard Park, which is of considerable extent
and surrounded by walls, on the Gray road, stretches a plain
covered with numerous vineyaixis.

When the advanced guard of the 1st Baden Brigade, consist-
ing of five companies of the Body Guard Grenadiers,* two
squadrons of dragoons, and the 2nd light battery, was de-
ployed in front of Arc-sur-Tille, and another battalion with two
guns moved further on the riglit towards Arcelot, the enemy's
detachments posted on the Tille and in Orgeux retired to St.
ApoUinaire. After a sUght action the 1st co. of the Body Guard
Grenadiers forced their way into this collage, which was then
occupied by the rest of the 1st battn., whilst the battery un-
limbered on the left of the line of advance. The enemy, after
receiving support from fresh troops, opened a very vigorous fire
from the opposite height to the west, but at 12.30 p.m. was
driven from it by a rapid assault.

Meanwhile the 1st Brigade had completed its concentration
at St. ApolUnaii-e. Eflectively supported by the three batteries

* 1st botialion and llth company.

223

now coining into action on either side of the road, the com-
panies of the advanced ^ard, keeping up a running skinnisb,
followed the enemy in his retreat to Dijon as far as the north-
east suburb of St. Nicolas. The 2nd battn. Body Guard Grena-
diers, like^vise forming company columns, extended with its left
winff the foremost line of fire as far as to the south of the Giuy
road^ whilst the 9th and 12th companies advanced along the
Mirande road towards the suburb of St. Pierre.* Of the
musketeer battns. 2nd Regiment formed up at St. Apollinaire,
two companies were despatched to the Langres road for the
purpose of surroundhig the north side of Dijon ; three others
accompanied from the left wing the attack upon the suburb of
St. Pieri'e. The three batteries of the 3rd Brigade which had
meanwhile aiiived at Ai'cnsur-Tille hastened onward by order
of the Divisional Commander to the battle-field, where shortly
after tluree o'clock they commenced to fire partly from St. Apol-
linaire and partly from the south side of Montmusai'd Park-f
The squadi'ons of dragoons covered both fianks of the line of
guns.

The enemy repulsed through St. ApoUinaire, found favour-
able positions for defence in the extensive vineyards of the
eastern environs of Dijon, as well as in the numerous large
farmsteads there, and the barricaded park of Montmusard.
But the Baden infantry had not relaxed in their victorious
advance, and, supported by the combined fii*e of the six bat-
teries, had forced their way into the eastern and northern
subm-bs. At these points, however, an embittered struggle
ensued, the inhabitants also playing a vigorous part, during
which the Geimans, storming house by house, gradually
reached the position of the Suzon brook. But as it was evi-
dent from the enemy's stubborn resistance that the inner town
could only be captured with heavy loss and not before night-
fall. General v. Beyer, having regard to the previously mentioned
instructions from Corps head-quarters, ordered the engagement
to be broken oflf at 4 p.m. Under cover of the artillery, which
caimonaded the town until it was quite dark, the Baden bat-
taUons were ^\'ithdrawn from the localities already captured ;
the two companies of the 2nd Regiment while retiiiag were
obhged to force their way through a column of the enemy which
opposed them on the Langres road. After the 1st Brigade had
been assembled to the east of Montmusard Park, it occupied
quarters in St. Apollinake and Varois, the 3rd further to the
south, in Qu^tigny and Coutemon. Of the latter the 2nd battn.
5th Regiment uad driven some French sharpshooters out of a
park lying to the south of Dijon and protected the works of

TTOB irith the Cavaliy Brigade.

Body Grd.
t The'six batteries irere in the following order, from right to left : — 3rd heayy,
2nd hcaTT, 1st hearj, 2nd light, in front of St. Apollinoire, to the north of the Qnj
road ; 3ra light, 1st light, on the height to thoaouth of Montmusard Park.

224

destmction commenced bj the pioneers at the bifurcation of
the railway there. The losBes in the engagement amomited on
the German side to nearly 250 men, on the French side to 200
killed and upwards of 100 prisoners; Colonel Fauconnet was
killed.

In the night appeared at the Baden head-quarters in Varois
some emissaries from Dijon, begging that the town might be
spared, expressing their readiness to furnish supplies for 20,000
men, and offering guarantees for the peaceful conduct of the
inhabitants in the future. In conseouence of this the Baden
troops on the Slst October occupied tne town which had been
meanwhile abandoned by the adversary, and guarded them-
selves to some distance from it by placing outposts and breaking
up the railways.

During these proceeding at Dijon the rest of the XIYth Corps
had moved off on the 80th October in the direction of Vesoul,
where the 2nd Baden Brigade arrived on the following day.
The Prussian troops marched on the 30th to Gray, fought a
slight action on tJie Slst about two miles south-east of tiiis
town with franctireurs, who were driven back from Batterans
upon Cresancey, and after leaving a strong mixed detachment
at Gray^ hkewise reached the neighbourhood of Vesoul on the
3rd November.* Between Dijon and Gray a small Baden

Sost took up a position in Mu*ebeau and Pontailler. The 2nd
iaden Brigade occupied from Vesoul the nearest passages of
the Sadne, and St. Loup which lies on the line of communica-
tion ; it also despatched a mixed detachment to Lure for the
purpose of maintaining the connection with the Ist Reserve
Division just an-ived before Belfort.t The head-quarters of the
XlVth Corps had been at Vesoul since the 2nd November,
where, after drawing forward the trains, they proceeded to form
dep6ts and restored the telegraphic conmiunication where it
was important for their own purposes.

After General v. Werder had heard of the surrender of Metz
from a letter which had been intercepted at Batterans, he
received on the 3rd November a communication by telegraph
from the supreme authorities that the Ilnd Army m its march
westward would probably reach Troyes and Ch&tmon-sur-Seine
on the 8th. At the same time attention was called to the cir-
cumstance that the possibility now offered for the XlVth Corps,
while observing Besan9on with an adequate force, to take the
offensive as far as the neighbourhood of Dole and towards the
railway junction at Arc et Senans, lying to the south of the

* Some squadrons and batteries whioh had been sent on the 80th to Dijon as
rapport, after receipt of the first report with regard to the engagement, but had
not been again employed, returned on the Ist November from Arc-Bur-Tille to
Gray.

t'Bee subsequent narratire.

225

Donbs, as well as to push forward troops by way of Dijon
towards Chalou-Bur-Sadne.

At this timo the enemy's forces in south-eastern France had
reached a very considerable strength, as yet entirely unknown
at the royal head-quarters in Versailles. At Besanfon were
assembled 45,000 men with seven batteries under the orders,
since General Cambriels' illness, of General Michel, who, on his

Eart, was shortly replaced by General Crouzat. In the district
etween Dole, Pesmes, and Auxonne were Garibaldi's troops^
now numbering some 12.000 men and six guns ; further down
the Sadne valley was a corps in process of formation at Nevers
of about 18,000 men and three batteries.* The German Army
Corps, the advance of which had penetrated as &r as the Cdte
d'Or, consequently found itself in its rather extended position
opposed to an enemy of almost three-fold superiority in point of
numbers. Moreover, 12,000 men, mostl;^ Mobiles and National
Guards, threatened from Langres the ri^ht flank of the com-
munications, whilst on the other hand the garrison of Belfort
was already held in check by the 1st Reserve Division.

In consequence of the last-mentioned telegram from the royal
head-quarters, General v. Werder resolved to advance from
Gray and Vesoul towards Ddle, but as a preUminary step to
obtam more detailed information with regard to the French
forces assembled on the Doubs.

Some small reconnoitring detachments, composed of all arms
of the service, which advanced on the 5th November from
Dijon and Gray in the direction of Bcaune, St. Jean de Losnc^
Auxonne, and Dole, encountered the enemy at several points.
The towns of Nuits and Beaime were, it is ti-ue, found unoccu-
pied ; on the other hand, a considerable body of armed men
were seen in the neighbourhood of Auvillars. In front of St.
Jean de Losne the adversaiy appeared in superior force. He
was occupying the bridge at St. Usage, and from thence moved
along both banks of the Burgundy Canal to the attack of the
7th and 8th cos. 2nd Baden Regiment, of which the latter, with
two guns, had taken up a position at the south border of
Brazey ; the former at the canal passages to the east of this long-
straggling village. After the enemy's attack had failed* vntii small
loss on either side, the Germans withdrew xmmolested to Bre-
teniere. Two other Baden companies, reconnoitring towards
Auxonne, repulsed on the evening of the 5th an attack upon
Genlis made by some franctireurs, who Ijad surprised the guard
posted at the railway station, and from thence forced their way
mto the town. Between Mirebeau, Etevaux, and Pontaillcr,
the Baden patrols also suffered losses from musketry lire. On
the same day two companies of the 30th Regiment, despatched
from Gray towards Dole, encountered to the south of Le Trem-
blois conyiderable forces of the enemy, which had partly en-
sconced themselves in the Bois La Dame, and partly were endea-

• For farther details see Bubieqiieiit nanfttire.

E a

2±(y

vom-ing* from tlie villa^Ls to the ^vcf^t of the lino of advance to
outflank the Prussian \v^\i. Alter the Otli co. had driven back
the enemv advancinp^ in a force of 3()0 men from Germigney,
the whole detachment concentrated to the northward abreast of
EBmoulins, for the pui-pose of meetings the attack now threaten-
ing from Aprcmont. Such an event, however, did not take
place.

This threatening appearance of the advei^sarv on the Lower
Saoue. in connection with the recuning news of an expected
offensive movement on tlio part of Garibaldi from Dole towards
Dijon and Gray, caused corresponding measures of precaution
on the side of the leaden divisional commander. On the 6th
November he reinforced the detachment in Breteniere, held
several battalions and squadrons in readiness further to the east
for action on the Auxonne road near Fauverney, and on the
other hand brought up the post in Pontailler to Mirebeau. But
as the patrols repoited that the enemy had retreated across the
Saone. the troops re-occupied their previous quarters at Dijon,
in whieli tht\v guarded themselvetj hy strong outposts about
four or five miles to the south and south-east of the town.
During the following days some unimportant collisions occuiTed
with French patrols between Genlis and Pontailler; fi-anc-
tireurs still showed themselves in the valley of the Ouche west
of Dijon. The rocoimaissances undci*taken from Vesoul towards
the Ognon and Doubs confinned the presence of hostile troops
at Voray and L^Isle ; a Baden reconnoitring detachment,
despatched in the latter direction, succeeded on the 6th in sur-
prising 180 Gardes Mobiles in Geney, and made several pri-
soners.

The corps head-quarters in Vesoul had, in consequence
of reports at that time from Dijon and Gray, considered it ne-
cepsaiy to occupy more strongly the latter poijit, which was to
all appearance menaced from the Ognon, and for this puipose
moved off the Baden ti'oops posted at the Saone passages near
Poi-t and Scey on the Gth to Gray, where they amved on the
followmg day in a force of one battalion, two squadrons, and a
batteiy. The Pi*ussian detachment there, whose patrols alreadjr
reported a further withdrawal of the advensaiy, made then*
advance good on the Sith November by way of Kssertennc to
Pontailler, and with their advanced troops dislodged the enemy,
in a strength of only some 100 men. from La ilarehe h^ing fur-
ther down the Saone. Pontailler remamed for the present occu-
pied by the Germans from Gray and Mirebeau.

All the news reaching Vesoul at this time made it more and
more apparent that the French forces at Besancjon were striving
to effect a junction with Garibaldi at Dole, and that a fm-ther
movement of troops from thence to the south-west was taking
place. At St. Jean de Losne a strong outpost position had been
discovered; in Beaunc and Chagny hostile detachments were
said to have already anived. General v. Werder therefore now
ordered for the lOtli November the advance of the XlVth Corps

227

towards Ddle, in order, if possible, to take the adversary in
flank, and prevent any further ]evy of men in that neighbour-
hood.*

On the French side apprehensions still prevailed at this time
lest the Germans, in all probabihty reuiforced by parts of the
army hitherto investing Metz, should advance down the Saone
in the direction of Lyons. In consequence, the Corps assem-
bled at Besanqon, leaving behind it a large garrison in this
place, had moved oft' on the 8th November for Olxagny, where
it anivcd on the 12th, and, inclusive of other troops, brought up
as was said from Lyons, reached a force of about 50,000 mem
The franctheurs, under the ordena of General Garibaldi^
commenced likewise on the 8 th the movement which had been
prescribed for tliem upon Autun, for the pui'pose of there
guarding the roads to Bourges and Nevera. A rear-g-uard re-
mained at Dole until the 12th November to cover the retreat.

On the German side the north-east wing of the XIV th Army
Corps had concentrated on the 10th at Vesoul, and commenced
the movement of its advanced guard upon Dole. After once
more effecting a jmiction with the ti'oops from Gray, about
one-half of the Coips, under General v. Werder, stood on the
12th assembled in the neighbourhood of Pesmes ; whilst Vesoul
remained occupied in force, and Gray was held by a small
detachment.

It was the intention of the corps head-quartera to cross the
Ognon above Pesmes on the 13th, thence to advance upon

* The rarioiu parts of the Corps wore at that time at the foUoiring points :—

1st
Near Dijon : Ist, 2nd, 5th Baden Bcgiment, and , . ., , — 3rd Baden Bra*

Otii Baden ;
goons, and 2"^, 3rd, 5th . g^^ ^^^^ 3^ ^^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ jj^^^^

2ud. Bad. Drag,
liearj batteries.

Detachment*
of tlicso in
Pontaillcr.

At Mirebeau : ^ f *"' , , ^-_i^L-- , and Ist Baden light

6th Bad.' 2nd Bad. Drag. *

battery.

Near Gray : 30th Regiment, }^' ^}^ — , 2nd Boserre light

2nd Kes. Drag.

battery, Ilird Army Corps.

^"'- , — ^^^* ^^ , 4th Baden liriit battery.
4th Bad.* 1st Bad. Drag.' ^ oatcery.

1st
In Port and Soey-sur-Sa6ne : — . ^ ,

"^ 4th Bad.*

Near Vesoul : ^"'^ "'f ^"^'^ — ^"^- f ^^ , Baden horse artiUery battery,

3rd Bad. * Ist Bad. Drag. ^ ^'

2 gans of the Baden 4th heavy battery ; 34th Regiment, 2nd Reserro

Hussars, 1st Reserre light batteryi Ilird Army Corps, and Rcserre heavy

battery, Ist Army Corps.

TT A

In St. Loup : — . ° , (marching to Vesoul through Port-8ur-Sa6no, sinco

4th Bad.

Oth November.)

In Lure : -^"^, -.^^L^ , Baden 4th heavy battery (4 guns).

Jrd Bod. 2nd lies. Drag.

/^In Rnstatt was the ^^'"^ \
\ tJlh Bad./

its

IXI^. fir A fo can^r tr-*: \mz^A'^ standinsr ct D:rn iniivrGenei

l/r v/;;" 'f >t. J':/n 'l^r Yjffftii*^ or i'V wnv ff P r.taill r. This
feitt^T IT' '."r i vr^vrr'A fA the two directi'T^ k:t to LU c:ioice
tr.^jt hr Tr;iv f>f Poiitr«;i; r. bccanif^: a pasfea^re '.f tl. - i:»r^elv-
p*xh\\'::i v:.vXt:r% *f\.j' Saorif* arTionrc-d th'f iri^»r*.- d::ii?T:'.t the
J''/Tr^:T Uityvrf'T*' rrrtvf/l, Tiie Corps hea^J-qiinrri-r* sti^f had,
it w tn*'^-. indicnt'rd from the first the other dirccti n as th - more
pra/^!cr*^.", ai.d in a KMljeequent letter which renchvl I^i'-vn on
the mf^r.u'^ of tiie 12t}i* expre«sed thcm«:lv«-« t » ti.-_» efft-ct,
tli/it a<""or'ijrj;r to more recent intellig-enc*.-. ti:-- enemy Tras
r/itlj'lr'vnjj^ froin D«''i'* to Clialoii-f»ur-Sa''»:je. ai.d in conse-
riTien^-e f"*'\\'\ onlv be orcrtaken bv wav of 2^t. J^nn <!•? Lcwne.
lint, fii* Uffore tJie arrival of thw comnmnication. a lirid^re had
been alr-i^ly r-omrnenced at Pontailler,* an«i even part of the
troops Jro:jj I>j»on )iad proceeded thither. th*» Bad.n divisional
conirnin'^T left matters as they were according to the arranpre-
Tn^'JiiH n!r^-r«'1v niad*^-. In the cohfrc of the dnv both briirades
rf'iU']if"l tij'- 11' i^rh^'^'urhood of Pontaillor, where thi-* 3rd at once
pn«bed a ^♦roriir advaiK-ed pnard to tlie loft bank r»f the Saone.
iif^ntrrl V. W'-rrUr, wh^» had been meanwhile informed that
Do!" MT' - k;»i<1 to bo alreadv evacuated bv the French, now
onb'rf'd tlj" fx^^mtion of a roftp fie mnin npon Anxonn*^^ — a pro-
f'fst'Aiir^ wiiieli Ijad Ik/cii contemplated some time Lick, but had
be'^n fi'niponirily deferred — ^in order, if possiblf, by the capture
(ff tljiH sni'ill fortrews, tf) prain a strong; point (Titppui on the
'/".\n\M'» in ;i''<'or( lance tlierewitli, the Baden troops collected
a'* I'onfailhr advanced on the morning of the l»^th along the
^y^^h^('\^^ bank rf the river, with a brigade each in Genlis
and VjIKtk h'« Potn; whilst the Prussian Infanti-y Brigade, fol-
lowed liy th(j 2n(l Baden, approached from Pesmes the east side
of Auxonnc tw<» sfjnadrons of Prussian hussars recomioitred
in fhe direction of Dole. After that the 3rd Baden Brigade at
VilhTH Ic'K P<»tK had encoimtered and thrown back some weak
detachnients of tlie enemy. General v. Werder convinced him-
self by n )»erKoi!al r^'connaiKsance that the fortress, to all appear-
anr'<*. w;iH pr..vi(h(l vrii\\ an ndoqnate garrison and a sufficiency
of ar1ill< TV, :in'l. as far ns could be judged, was prepared against
an alliie!;. Tiie eonnnandanthad caused all cover in tlie ground
ronnd the i'nrtress. within a raytm of a thousand paces, to be
levelled. Tnder thes(^ circumstances, and as moreover the
roHon'e /uninunitiou columns of the XIV th Corps had not yet
come up witli it. the idea originally entertained of camionading
the nlnei' witli Held artilleiy was abandoned.

The KipiadroiiM of hussars which, as already mentioned,
had proceeded in the direction of Dole, had meanwhile become
convinced that there were scarcely 100 Gardes Mobiles in this
town; (»n the other hand, according to a letter from the

• The brill /oi over the Suouo at La Hnrcho ond Pontailler lincl been destroved by
the l'"ro:uh.

229

Prefect of Beanue which had been iatercepted, the French
Eastern Army was supposed to be advancing via Chagny to
Dijon.* General v. Werder therefore resolved to assemble
his Coi-ps between the Saone and the Cote d'Or for the purpose
of securing the possession of Dijon. He therefoi-e brought
up on the 13th November the brigades standing to the east of
Auxonne to Pontailler, where a French powder-factory filled
with large supplies was destroyed. The 3rd Baden Brigade
left behind at Villers les Pots a strong detachment of all arms f
to watch the small fortress of the Saone, and marched vnth the
remaining troops to Sourans Fouffirans in order to join the 1st
Bri^de standing at Genlis. Patrols of the latter were received
with fire when in front of St. Jean de Losne and found the
wooden bridges over the Sadne at that pomt burnt down by
the enemy.

By order from the Corps head-quarters the 3rd Baden Brigade
made on the 14th November an advance towai-ds St. Jean de
Losne, from Soirans Fouffirans and Villers les Pots. The
Gardes jilobiles and franctireurs, there present in a strength of
400 to 500 men, evacuated St. Usage at the approach of the
Germans, and after the 1st heavy battery had cannonaded
St. Jean de Losne for some time, likewise abandoned that
place. It was thereupon occupied by t]ie Baden troops ; the
enemy had withdrawn in time to the south bank of the Sadne
by means of boats held in readiness for the purpose. The
German brigades assembled at Pontailler marched on the 14th
to Dijon, and occupied quarters in and to the east of the town,
whilst the Ist Baden Brigade was housed in the neighbourhood
of Loiigecourt. The head-quarters of the XlVth Coi*ps pro-
ceeded fi'om Pontailler to Dijon.

In the course of the two following days the parts of the Coips
posted to the south of the latter town moved up closer to the
Cdte d'Or. The 1st Baden Brigade with six squadrons and
two batteries guarded the roads, between the mountains and
the Burgundy Canal, leading from Nuits, Seurre, and St. Jean
de Losne to Dijon, the line of the advanced troops forming a
bend projecting southward as far as Citeaux. The place just
mentioned and Nuits situated in advance of the right wmg;
according to information received, had been already occupied
by the enemy on the 15th, but had been again abandoned by
him on the 16th. A detachment previously sent h-om Dijon {
to open connection with the Und Army had, on arriving in
the neighbourhood of Ch&tillon-sur-Seine on the 11th, not yet
met with any German troops, and by tiuniug the moimtain
passes meanwhile barred by the franctircurs, rejoined the bri-

* This letter was apparently intended to deceiro, and Lad been iutentiooall/
played into the hands of the Germans.

t ^l ""^i^^' , -j^ . and 2nd light battery.
5th Bod. 3rd J>rag.' ^ ^

t , *,^°f' , ^ ^^^ , and \ Srd light battery.

* Body Chrd. 2nd Drag. ▼ "» ^

230

gade by way of Arc-siir-Tille. The 3r(l Badeii Bripidc-
brought up closer fi-um Soii-ans SoufiVans occupicMi with two
squadrons and four batteries the villages on either side of the
Dijon-Auxonne road up to a poiut abreast of Genli>. A small
detachment of all arms* observed for the future from I'jtc-
vaux the fortress just mentioned. The part of the Corps
assembled in Dijon extended on either side of the t(»\vn as
far as the mountains, towards which the 2n(l Baden Brigade
watched on the nortli, whilst its troops left behind at Vesoult
now also occupied Fresnes St. Mames, and Gray as intermediate
posts. A detachment of tliis brigade.J appointed to desti'ov tht-
railways south-west of Besan<;-on. which, after several collision ?
with anned peasants between the Ognon and Doubs, had
reached St. Vit on the 14th from Pesmes, but for want ot
j^owder and tools could only cany out their task incompletely,
arrived on the If^th at Pontailler, and on the next dav were
brought up to Gray as part of the garrison. The Epinal-V'^esoid
telegi'aph wire already extended to Gray was to be then con-
tinued as far as Dijon, the southern border of which was arranged
for defence.

General v. Werder now proposed to hold temporarily this
position with its front mainly directed towards tlie south and
to await the arrival of the 4th Reserve Division commg up
from Alsace. § The intei'val he intended emplojang as far as pof^-
sible in harassing the adversary and in securuig the supplies
for his own Corps, on the rearward communications of which
AViirttcmberg Etappen troops had pushed forward as far as the
vicinity of St. Loup.

Capture of Some days before the departure of the XlVth Army Corps

Schletutadt from Sti'assburg the 4th Resen'e Division assembled in Breisgau
Brainch' under Major-General v. Schmeliug had crossed to the left bank
Investment of of the Khine from Neuenburg by means of ferries and boats. |!
Belfort. After diiving oft' several bands of franctireurs which oftered

but little resistance, the troops which had crossed by the morn-
ing of the 2nd October advanced ui a strength of 7 battalions.
4 squadrons, and a batteiyli to Miilhausen, with the object of
disarming the excited gangs of workmen and of breaking uj)
the railwav ieadinij: westward. On the afternoon of the 3rd
the i^opulous manul'actuiing town was occupied at the request

• -J-_Jl£l- .—l-rr — > ttnd 2nd light batterr.
6th liad. 3rd Drag. ^

J. Ist and Ilnd 5th i i 4*1 i « u *i.

t _-_____,-____ , and h 4th heavy battery.

8rd iiud. 1st Drag.

J ^/j- . ^f"^^ , and i 4th light batterr .

* 4th Bad.' 1st Drag/ '

§ Sec narrative "wliic-h follows.
ji Sec Tart II, p. 202. and Appendix Xo. IXXXII.

^ 20tli KoL'iiiuMit. l.-t Combined East Prussian La udirchr Regiment, 3rd Kcserrc
Lancers and 2nd light battery.

231

of its ovm authorities, whilst the main body of tlie Di\'i8iou
took up a temporary position at Banzenheim. These latter
troops sent out from thence patrols in a northerly direction
towards Neu-Breisach, and despatched the 2nd Combined
East Piiissian Landwehr Regiment to the neighbourhood of
Miilhausen. For purposes of communication with the Grand
Duchy of Baden a trestle and boat bridge was consti-ucted to
the west of Neuenburg, advantage being taken of a sandbank
in the Rhine.

The Germans now cleared as a first step the country south of
Miilluuisen of the franctireurs appearing there, and dcsti-oyed
on the 5th October the railway at Altkh'ch. On that same day
the Goldap Landwehr battahon, engaged in collecting aims in
some villages to the south of Neu-Breisach, was attacked ^by
about 2,000 French Gardes Mobiles and a detachment of lino
infantry, which advanced from the fortress partly along tho
Rliine-Rhone CanaU partly alon^ the high road towards Hei-
teren, and compelled the Prussian companies pushed forward
to that point to retke skirmishing to Balgau. But when the
1st heavy battei-v hastening up from Blodelsheim took part in
the sti-u^gle with some rounds, the enemy retired in disorder to
Neu-Breisach.

As a simultaneous attack upon Schlettstadt and Neu-Breisach
did not appear feasible to the commander of the 4th Reserve
Division Avith the troops at his disposal, ho resolved merely to
invest the two fortresses, and after making reconnaissances to
decide which of them should be fii*st besieged.

Of the troops at Miilhausen the Combined Infantry Brigade,
with the 3rd Reserve Lancers and the 2nd hght battery, were
appointed for the investment of Schlettstadt; the rest of the
Division commenced their movement to Neu-Breisach on tho
6th October. The 3rd Combmed East Pi-ussian Landwehr
Regiment advanced from Banzenheim to Balgau, and on the
following day, passing round the left of the fortress, occupied
the section from the Kasten Wood through Wolfganzen and
Biesheim as far as the Rhine; the 1st Combined East Prussian
Landwehi* Regiment brought up from Miilhausen by way of
Ensisheim occupied the villages in the ground to the south of
the fortress, and placed outposts as far as Algolsheim and Weckol-
sheim. The 1st Reserve Lancers and the available five batteries
distributed themselves equallv in both sections of the line of
investment. The enemy had received the advancing troops
with a biisk but almost ineffectual artillery fii-e.

The fortress of Neu-Breisach, situated in the flats on the left
bank of tho Rhine, consists of a bastioned octagon surroimded
with dry ditches, vrith masonry escarps and comiterscaips
throughout, and ^vith ravelins in front. All the fionts of the
fortress were protected from enfilade fire as much as possible by
travci-ses, and!^ as was the case also with some of the ravelins,
were pro^^ded with bomb-proof shelter. Fort Morticr, siiuated
further to the north-east close to the stream, and protected bv

232

a broad wet ditcli. was, it is true, seen into from the opposite
and more commanding bank, but in a similar manner to Neu-
Breisach was arranged for independent delenee. and flanked in
tlie most eftective way any attack directed upon the north, east,
or soutli side of the fortress.* The commandant, Lieut.-Colonel
Lostic' dc Kerhor, had at his disposal about r).5(H> men, who,
T\ntli the exception of one line and one depot battahon, consisted
of Mobile and National Guards.

After the invefstment of Neu-Breisach had been completed in
the manner just described, General v. Schmelijig ordered the
place to be cannonaded on the 7th October with field artillery.
From 9.15 p.m. the two heavy batteries between Wolfganzen
and the Widensolen Canal, tne three light batteries in the
ground in the south front between the Basle high road and the
Rhine-Rhone Canal, maintained a fire for upwai*ds of two
hours, which was responded to by the enemy, but, with the
exception of some conflagrations caused in the town, was
almost -without result on cither side. When therefore, on the
momin.c^ of the 8th, a second summons to surrender which had
been sent to the commandant of the fortress was again met
with a refusal, tho Prussian Divisional commander now turned
his attention to Schlettstadt, whilst he handed over temporarily
the command of the troops investing Neu-Breisach to Jlajor-
General v. Tresckow Ilnd.

The brigade appointed to blockade Schlettstadt had moved off
vnth its iiead from Miilhausen on the 7th, but had left two
battalions of the 25th Regiment and two squadrons at Meienheim
for the pui-pose of observing Belfort and the southern Vosges.
These were subsequently reinforced by the 4th light battery
from before Breisach; a Landwehr battalion took over the
duties of guarding the passage of the Rhine at Neuenburg.
The rest of the brigade, together with the ord light batteiy,
likewise assigned to it, reached Gemar on the lOth, and fi-om
thence occupied, in the finst place, the south-east and west
environs of Scblettstadt, and on the 11th the village of Scher-
weiler, lying to the north of the Giesen Brook. From this
village communication was opened at Ebersheim with the
troops of tlu' ist Reserve Division pushed forward from kStrass-
burg.t which, it may here be remarked in anticipation, were
left witli the coijciuTencc of the Government-General of Alsace
in obsei-vation vn the north side of Schlettstadt. { On the last-

* A small work at Bieshcim ecrring to corer the bridge to tlic island at that place
was not defended bv the enemT.
f See Part II, p. 202.
J The 4th Kescrrc Division wa« distribated as follows on the 11th October :—

In front of Nea-Brcisach :

East Prussian Landwehr Brigade, Ist Eescrrc

Lancers. Ist and 2nd heavy, 1st liglit battery 8 battns. 4 sqns. 3 batteries.

Before Schlettetadt :

^^"^^ , 3 battalions of the 2nd Combined East
25

233

mentioned date General v. Schmeling made from Widensolen
a reconnaissance of the fortress, the commandant having replied
with a brisk artillery fire to the summons calling upon him to
surrender.

Schlettstadt, containing a population of some 10,000 souls,
and occupying a cramped and angular position in the plain on
the left bank of the 111, was at that time suiTounded by nine
bastioned fronts. Six ravelins covered the three gates of the
fortress, and in conjunction ^vith the lunettes projecting in all
directions, protected the west and north sides of tlie fortress,
upon which it was impracticable to form inimdations. For the
protection of the inxmdation-dam in the low ground to the
south and east of the fortress, which was intersected by nume-
rous watercourses, and was converted into marsh at the com-
mencement of the investment, there were two closed redoubts
on the Breisach road. Tlie exterior slopes of the enceinte and
of the ravelins were faced with masonry ; in addition to this the
ditches of all the works, with the exception of some lunettes
in advance of the west and north fronts, could be filled at
pleasure with water. With the exception of a few vaidted build-
ings in the interior of the place, there was an absence of cover
for sheltering the troops.* Whilst the inundation in question
formed an almost impassable obstacle to the approach on the
east and south sides of the fortress, and in the ground to the
north of the fortress, the Giesen Brook, at all times full of
water firora the di'ainage of the mountains, impeded the attack,
the closely planted vineyards and hedges favom'cd an advance
from the west side ; at the same lime the railway embankment
running fi'om south to north at that point offered the assailant
an excellent rampart. The garrison of the fortress, armed with
some 120 pieces of ai-tillery, comprised at the time of the in-
vestment only 1200 Gardes Mobiles, with some 700 artillery-
men.

After the commander of the 4th Reserve Division had
informed himself more precisely of the state of the two fortresses
in Upper Alsace, he resolved to commence with attacldng
Schlettstadt, because, from the circumstance that the siege
artillery had to be brought up fi'om Strassbm'g, there was a

Pniflsian Landwehp Regiment, 1^^ ^"^ 4th

** 3pd Eos. Lan.'
2nd and 3rd liglit batteries 4 battns. 2 sqns. 2 batteries.

At Meienhcim :

Ist and Fus. 2nd and 3rd j., ,. , . , .

, 4tn light bat-

2o * 3ra lies. Lan.

tcry 2 „ 2 „ 1

At Neucnbur^ :
Ortelsburg battalion 2nd Combined East Prus-
sian Landw'ohr llegiment . . , , . . 1 „ 0 „ 0 „

15 „ 8 „ 6 „

• Durinp the investment somo additional coTer Tras made with trunks of tr«6f
corered with earth.

234

prospect of a more speedy success, while the possession of this
fortress secured also the communication Avith northern Alsace.
The bridge at Neuenberg was now removed and replaced
by a pontoon-bridge to the north of Burkheim, the protection
of which was assumed by one of the Landwehr companies

Eosted before Neu-Breisacb. Moreover, from that place two
attahons of the 1st Combined East Prussian Landwehi* Uegi*
ment and the battalion hitheilo employed at Neuenburg,
marched to reinforce the troops besieging Schlettstadt. General
V. Schmeliiig proceeded on the 17th October to Einzheim, and
divided the forces available for the siege into three groups.
The main detachment posted in &on1 of the west and south
sides, consisting of five battaUons, one squadron, and a battteiy,
threw out dose in front of the works of the fortress a line of
outposts, extending from the destroyed railway bridge across
the Giesen Brook to a point some hundred paces south of the
cemetery. Another detachment, consisting of three battalions,
half a squadron, and a batteiy, protected the position north
of the Giesen Brook between Scherweiler and the 111. On the
right side of this river stood a battalion vriih half a squadron
at Rathsamhausen, Mussig. and Schnellenbuhl.*

At this time the material intended for the siege of Schlett-
stadt, with 12 companies of fortress artillery and 4 engineer
companies,! gi*adually anived by rail from Strassbiurg. Whilst an
artillery park was fonned at St. Pilt, consisting of 5G heavy guns

* ThiB troops irere distributed in detail as follows :—

West Section :

Osterodo battalion, — r4r = in £astenbolz,

3rd Kos. Lau.

^^ in Kinxhoim.
25

i Thorn battalion in OrschTreiler,

i Thorn battalion and Graudcnz battalion in St. Pilt,

Tilsit battalion, „ , *. — ^— , 8rd light battery in Gemar.

ord ACS. JLau.

North Section :
Ortelsburg and Inowrazlaw battalions, 2nd light battorj in Scherweiler.

Sromberff battalion and ^ , j" ' , in Ebenheim. (The two last-named

° 3m Res. Lan.

battalions belonged to the detachment detailed from the 1st Bescrre Divi-
sion as mention^ in Part II, p. 202. The rest of the detachment consisting

of the Dcutsch • Krone battalion, — , . ' \ , and Ist light reserve

2ud Kes. Lan.

battery IXth Ck>rps in the neighbourhood of Barr took over the protection

of the rear towards the Vosges, wliibt the western main detachment of the

Schlettstadt Siege Corps coTcred itself independently towards the side of

the mountains).

East Section : ....

Wchlau battalion and ^ * ' 1 — at Batlisamhuuscn, Mussig, and Schnel-

Srd Kes. Lan.

lenbuhl.
t 1st company 10th Fortress Artillery Dirision.

2nd, Si-d, Gth, and IGth companies 7th Fortress Artillery Regiment,
1st, 2nd, 4th, Gtli, and 16th comi>anie9 Gth Fortress Artillery Regiment,
2nd and Srd field batteries, Srd Birarian Artillery Regiment,

235

and iuoi"tars,* and an engineer park at Kinzheim, steps were taken
at the same time for preparing gabions and fascines, forming
military roads, and instructing the infantiy in digging trenches.
On the night of the 19th-20th October the firat siege battery was
thrown np near the Chapel mill at the 111 Wood ; to the four
guns of this batterj^ were assigned as object the barracks and
magazine situated in the south part of Schlettstadt, so as to
distract the enemy's attention from the real fi*ont of attack. After
that the latter had made a fruitless attempt next morning to pre«
vent the completion of the works, which had up to that tune
remained unobserved, the battery at i) a.m commenced to fire
upon the redoubt at the dam, and not ^vithout some success
upon the foi-tress itself. Compelled for a time about noon to fire
more slowly in consequence of the superiority of the forti'ess
artilleiy, the battery, after making good the damages it had
susttxined, resumed at 4 p.m. the cannonade with its previous
vigour, whilst the German outposts pushed forward in the
evening closer to tlie glacis, and entrenched themselves at a
distance of 400 paces from it. The fire, answered by the
enemy, lasted throughout the night ; the town was on tire in
seveml places.

After a more detailed reconnaissance of the west front of
Schlettstadt it had been resolved to direct the principal attack
against No. 2 Lunette, which projected into the dismct north
of the cemetery. The first parallel was to follow generally the
course of the railway, and to be immediately protected by its
embankment, while its left was to rest on the railway station,
the buildings of which had been destroyed by the adveraary.
After the depots for the engineer's stores had been established
on the night of the 20th-21st, and the 2nd battn. 25th Regiment
had, in the t^vilight of the 22nd, placed outposts on this side
of the fortress, the Graudenz, Thorn, and Tilsit Landwehr
battalions, with the Bavarian and Baden Pioneer companies,
advanced from Kinzheim to the place of working, where at 8
p.m. they commenced to throw up trenches, and to construct
six siege batteries somewhat further hi rear. Behind the
latter in reserve on the Kinzheim road was the Deutach-Krone
Landwehr battalion; the battery at the 111 Wood brought a
brisk reverse fire to bear upon the west front of the fortress
during the night. The defender, who had not failed to observe
the advance of troops, cannonaded on his part until tm'dnight
the entire ground of attack, -without, however, achieving any
result, as his projectiles struck the ground far in rear of the

Ist Fortress Pioneer company Ylltli Army Corps,
2nd Fortress Pioneer company Xth Army Corps,

4th Bararian Fortress Engineer company and Badon Fortress Pioneer oompanj i
the former had arrired before Strassbuig on the 22nd September. Lieat.-Colonel
▼. Scheiiha superintended the artilleiy attack, Lieut.-Colonel Sander the engineer
"TTorks.

* 12 short 15 cm. guns. 4 short 23 cm. mortars.

20 short 12 cm. guns. 8 short 23 cm. mortars.

6 short 9 cm. guns. 6 short 15 cm. mortars.

236

place of working. At an early hour on the 23r(i the first
parallel was constructed in the ordinary way up to a breadth
of 2 feet and a depth of 3^ feet ; in rear of the left wing were 8
mortars and 20 heavy guns in readiness to open fire from the
batteries which had been thrown up.

At daybreak the foi*tress opened a biisk fire upon the works
of attack now clearly visible in the groimd in front. As the
siege batteries answered with vigour, a brisk artillery cannon-
ade ensued^ in which on the French side several g^uns and
embrasures were much damaged, while some buildings iu the
south part of the towii burst into flames ; the assailant, on the
other nand, sustained very inconsiderable loss, although his
batteries were reduced to gi*eat straits at rimes. Whilst the
fire of the artillery of the fortress towards evening gradually
waned, and entirely ceased in the stormy night which followed,
the Germans, after making use of a break to replenish their am-
munition, continued an imremitting fire. At the same time the
trenches were extended, and the building of two new batteries
was commenced.

On the morning of the 24th only a few shots fell from the
fortress, and by 7.30 a.m. white flags were seen on the west
front and on the tower of the principal church. Immediately
afterwards a treaty of capitulation was concluded, by virtue of
which Schlettstadt surrendered with its garrison and all mate-
rial of war. The entry of the besieging troops, originally fixed
for 3 p.m., took place one hour earher at the request of the
commandant, as the greatest disorder already prevailed inside
the town ; the mob and drunken soldiers were plundering or
firing the public buildings, and had even blown up a powder
magazine. General v. Schmelin^ caused order to be speedily
restored by three battalions, whfle the garrison were removed
as prisonera of war under a suitable escort.* With the assist-
ance of pioneer companies, which were brought up, the con-
flagrations, which again burst out on the next night, were suc-
cessfully overcome, although several barracks, magazines, and
dwelling-houses were laid m ashes. The works of the fortress
had suftered but little from the bombardment, and were pei^
fectly free from assault. In addition to the artillery, some
7,000 small arms, besides vast stores of ammmution and meal,
fell into the hands of the Germans, whose total loss before
Schlettstadt only amounted to some 20 men.f

The battalions of the 1st Reserve Division present with the
Siege Corps moved on the 25th October into the fortress as
garrison. The troops of the 4th Reserve Division occupied
temporaiily the surroimding villages, and then remforced partly
the troops investing Neu-Breisach, and partly the force, wliicli
has been already mentioned as having originally taken up a

* ThoT "vvere brought hy 6 oompamea and a squadrou of Lanoen by way of
Geniar to Riegel, and from thenoe traiiBported farther by railway.
t See A]}pendix LXX X H I..

237

position at Meienheim* for the purpose of Thatching the southern
Yosges ; these latter troops had meanwhile a sUght engagement
at Gebweiler with French fi-anctu-em's, and on tiie 17th October
retired to Colmar. ^Vhen the Geimans hereupon made incursions
from thence through tlie mountain passes leading by way of
Markirch, Plainfaing, and Gerardmer, theyfotmd them barred at
many points with obstacles, but in no case met with strong
forces of the adversary, as he had already withdrawn before
the XIYth Coi-ps to Belfort and Besan9on. On the amval of
the rcmforcements from Sclilettstadt, the four battahons, three
squadi*ons, and two batteries f now assembled at Colmar pushed
forward further south to Ensisheim*

At Neu-Breisach the state of affairs had meanwhile under-
gone no material alteration. The gaiTison had remained rather
mactive since the commencement of the investment, andUmited
itself to isolated sorties. On the 15th October a French
detachment, consisting of some 1,500 men, taking advantage
of the thick morning mist, had • advanced towards Weck-
olsheim and Wolfganzen. The company of the Gumbinnen
Landwehr battalion, posted in the former place, were forced to
retire in a westerly du-ection by the attack suddenly directed
upon them from tliree sides, but, in conjunction with other

Earts of the battalion hurrying up from Hettenschlag and Dessen-
eim, subsequently thi'ew the enemy back again upon the for-
tress. At tlie same time the Loetzen Landwehr battalion had
supported its picquet, driven back through Wolfganzen, and by
turning this village, which had been meanwhile occupied by
the French, compelled the latter to reture to Xeu-Breisach.
Both actions were ended by 7 a.m., ^vith small loss on either
side. ^\j3other sortie, initiated in the afternoon of the 22nd
towards Weckolsheim, came to a standstill after a few shells
from the Prussian guns, taking part from the east border of the
Kasten Wood.

In consequence of some battaUons, as already mentioned,
being detached for the siege of Schlettstadt, the ti-oops remaining
before Neu-Breisach { had concentrated closer round the west
and north sides of this fortress, while the ground to the south
was for a time merely observed with a small force. It was not
until towards the end of October that the investment could be
finally completed. The Wehlau and Tilsit battahons retxmiing on
the 27th undertook with the 2nd heavy batteiy the outpost duties
in the latter section, in which they extended northward as far
as Algolsheim. The other two battaUons of the 1st Combined
East Prussian Landwehr Regiment, the Graudenz and Thorn

• See Fart U, p. 232.

t 25th Rc|;riment, Ortelaburg LandTr. battn.

2nd, 8rd, 4th^ 3i-d and 4th light batteries.
3rd Res. Lan.
t 6 battaiions, 1st Reserve Lancers and 3 batteries. See Part II, pp. 232 and 234-

238

battalions and the 2nd light battery coming from Schlettstadt,
occupied the west environs of the fortress between the Rhine-
Khone Canal and the Widensolen Canal, while the 3rd Combined
East Prussian Landwehr Regiment with the Ist heavj'^ and 1st
h^ht batteries occupied the country to the north as liir as the
Biesheim Rhine. To that point the 2nd battn. 2oth Regi-
ment was afterwards brought up as reinforcement. General
V. Schmeling proceeded on the 27th to Kiinheim.

In the last days of the month the fortress companies and
heavy artillery, which had been employed at Schlettstadt,
reached Widensolen.* Steps were at once taken for prepar-
ing the bi-ushwood necessary for the siege, for restoring and
completmg the passages across the Rhine-Rhone and Widen-
solen Canals, as well as for constnicting fenies for the use of
the troops over the Rhine at Saspach and WeisweiLI* The pon-
toon bridge, which had been carried away by freshets in the
night of the lst-2nd November to the north of Burkheim, was
replaced by a flying bridge.

From the result of the preliminary reconnaissances, the
Germans had resolved to direct the attack against that paii;
of th(». north front of the fortress between the Widensolen and
Rhme-Rhonc Canals which was not suiTouuded hj water-
coiurses. Under cover of the heavy artillerj', part of which
from Wolfganzen and Biesheim was to direct its fire against the
fortress itself, and part from the right bank of the Rhine
against Fort Mortier, it was the intention to open the trenches
on the gi'ound just indicated at a distance of about 800 paces
from tlie glacis.

The line of outposts in the north and west sections of the
investment was pushed forv\^ard closer to the fortress on the even-
ing of the 31st October, and subsequently one of the approaches
was commenced leading from the north to the ground of attack.
In the night of the lst-2nd November three batteries at Wolf-
ganzen and Biesheim, connected together by shelter-trenches
and with their flanlcs supported, were thrown up and armed,
although the stony soil necessitated the emplojinent of the
pick-axe, and rendered difficult the joint labours of the men of
the fortress artiJleiy and the infantry. On the other side of the
Rhine three batteries, built by Baden fortress artillei-vmen from
Rastiitt, crowned on the evening of the Ist November the edge
of the bank to the north of Alt-Breisach ; an artilleiy position
formed the night after on the Schloss-Berg was intended to
prevent, as far as possible, the German town from being can-
nonaded from Fort Mortier. None of these works had apparently
been remarked by the enemy, and had been earned out A^athout
the least molestation.

On the morning of the 2nd November tlie whole of the 24

• Witli the exception of tbc 6th company 7th Fortress Artillery B<^gLment re-
niaiuiiig in Scblctt«ta(lt.

t Both rillnges lie to the east of Morkolshcim. Sec General i^Iap on Plan 14.

239

siege guns* brought into position commenced to operate against
the fortress, which on its side now brought into play an in-
creased number of guns along the front of attack. Tlie shells of
the three batteries at Wolfganzen and Biesheim caused several
conflagrations in the neighbourhood of the Oolmar and Strass-
burg gates; the batteries on the right bank of the Rhine
achieved, however, but small results, OAving to the long ran^e,
and the dull weather which prevented the eflfect of their hre
from being ascertained. On the German side some artillerymen
were wounded in No. 1 Battery at Wolfganzen, and one gun
was damaged. Two companies of the Goldap battalion ad-
vanced in the evening against the Strassburg gate, reached
the glacis, and skirmished with the French post. In the ni^ht
both sides kept up a moderate fire ; the besieger took as nis
chief object the interior of the fortress, in which a serious con-
flagration took place.

Although the trench works remained in abeyance for the present
in consequence of the bright moonlight, the bombardment was
continued with vigour on the 3rd November ; the four batteries
at Alt-Breisach were particularly effective against Fort Mortier.f
When the artillery of that place became entirely silent, Major ▼•
Nermann led the Ist company Goldap Landwehr battalion
from the left ^ving of the outposts along the Biesheim Rhine,
in order to capture the fort by a coup-de^main* These
ti-oops reached the edge of the main ditch ; but as the bridge
across it was raised, they had to beat a retreat under the
enemy's musketry and case-fire.

In the next few days the adversary's fire was also dh-ected
against the town of Alt-Breisach, wliich up to that time had
been almost entii-ely exempted; from Fort Mortier, however,
only a desultory fire was maintained. The patrols, advancing
a second time towards it on the 6th November, found the
drawbridge lowered, and before the order for forcing the closed
gates could be carried out, the commandant entered that
evening into negotiations for a capitidation. On the next
morning the Germans occupied the work so important as
regards the progress of the siege, and also the village of Vol-

gelsheim lying further to the south, whilst the artillerj" at Alt-
reisach now ceased its activity.

The batteries on the left bank of the Rhine had in the mean-
time maintained a vigorous and unceasing fire upon the fortress,

• No. 1 Battery witli 4 short 15 cm. g«Ml ^ WolfoMiiMi.
No. 2 „ vith 4 French 15 cm. guns J "* '^ ^w^umuu
No. 8 I, with 4 short 15 cm. guns atBieahMm.
No. la „ with 4 ,. 30 cm. mortars 1 q ^ . ^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^

No. 2a „ with 4 „ 16 cm. guns \ at Alt^reisaoh.
No. 3a „ with 4 „ 12 cm. guns J «'^'' «"»"««•
Nos. 1 and 3 Batteries were during the course of the siege armed with guns of a

different calibre.

t The battery on the Schloss-Berg, armed with six 9 cm. and two 12 cm. guns had
likewise oome into action. All batteries on the right bank of the Rhine were in
telpgrjphic communicLtion with an obserring station*

240

which vraa giipplemented on the 8th November by two mortar
batteries thrown up on the pre^•ious night at Wolf^anzen and
Biesheim. The enemy's power of resistance was visibly on the
wane; at 10 a.m. he fired into the surrounding gi-ound without
any apparent object, and at half-past one o'clock hoisted the
white flaj::. Neu-Breisach now like^vise capitulated under the
same conditions as those which held good for Schlettstadt ; but
at the same time the French troops were accorded miUtary
honours when leaving the fortress.* On the 11th the Germans
entered the captured fortress, which was occupied temporarilv
by the Lootzen Landwehr battalion, 2 companies of the 25tli
Regiment, and some companies of artillery and pioneers. The
fortress works were found to bo uninjured ; but in the town
the houses were for the most part bmut down or seriously
damaged ; while in I'ort Mortier, of all the buildings only the
casemates were intact, and but one gun found in serviceable
condition. Tlie conqueror's war booty consisted of 108 guns,
6,000 small arms, and considerable stores of ammunition and
food ; his losses during the siege amounted to about 70 men.*

About the same time that the siege of Neu-Breisach was
commenced ordera had, as already mentioned, J been issued from
the head-quarters of his Majesty the King, for the investment
of Belfort, which was still semiig as the chief centre for the
armament of the French population in the Vosges, and was a
constant source of danger to the rearward communications of
the XIYth Army Corps. To this enterprise were appointed, in
addition to the 1st Resen^e Division, those troops of the 4th
Reserve Division which could be dispensed with at Neu-
Breisach ; in place of the former a force, formed at Glogau
of twelve Landwehr battalions, two squadrons, and two batteries
was to occupy Strassburg and the other important points in the
ravou of the Government-General of Alsace.

The 1st Reserve Division had meanwhile advanced from
Strassbiu'g abreast of Schlettstadt and reached with its main
body on the JJOth October the neighbourhoofi of Colmar,
whilst the advanced guard§, after a slight skirmish, forced its
way into Geberschweier. In accordance vriih the above order

* Tlic Sedentnrr National Guards as at Schlettstadt were excluded from amongst
the phsonors. The gurrison of Fort Mortier consisting of some 220 men had been
transported to Rnstatt on the dav of the snrrendep of this fort.

+ See Appendix LXXXIII.

i See Part II, ]).

§ Til is was the detachment sent from the Division on a previous occasion against
Schlettstadt, reinforced by the 1st Fortress Pioneer companr Ilnd Array Corps.
See Part II, p. 832. The* main body consisted at first of only the 5 landwehr batta*
lions of Schneidemubl, Konitz, Stcndal, Burg, and Neustadt. 3 squadrons of the 2nd
Reserve Lancers and the 2nd Reserve light battery IXth Army Corps, as the re-
maininc troops of the Division posted on the lines of communication in Alsace frero
not to follow until relieved.

241

three battalions, four squadrons, and two batteries* from the
detachment of the 4th Kesen''e Division posted at Ensisheim,
and which had meanwhile been reinforced, jomed the subsequent
advance.

The previous advanced guard of the Ist Reserve Division
now moved as a right wing column by 'Nvay of Sennheim, and
past the south side of Slaasmiinster along the foot of the
mountains. After minor skinnishes at Gebweiler and Sulzf on
the 3 Ist October, at Sennlieim and Gewenheim on the 1st
November, it met on the 2nd November advanced detachments
from the Belfort gairison, Avliich were occupjang with a battalion
each the villages of Slagny and Roppe, whilst; bands of franc-
tireurs were patrolling the Vosges roads leading from thence to
the north-east. After a protracted and obstinate engagement on
this side of Rougemont the Deutsch-Krone Landwehr battalion,
supported by ai-tillery fire, forced back the enemy in spite of
his constant effoi*ts at resistance aa far as the heights of Petit
Magny. These were at once cannonaded by the Piussian bat-
tery and then attacked by the named battalion in front and by
the Bromberg battalion on the left flank. The French, without
awaiting this last collision, withdrew to the fortress under
very considerable loss and somewhat in disorder, whereupon
the Pmssians gained without further incident the destination
which had been assigned to them in the district between Val-
doye and Giromagny. The detachment of troops belonging to
the 4th Reserve Di\'i8ion had from Ensisheim taken the road
tlirough Sennheim and reached Anjoutey on the 2iid November.
On this road marched the main column of the Ist Reserve Divi-
.sion as far as La Chapelle sous Rougemont. The Stendal bat-
talion;! leading the advance found the roads b.inicaded in the
neighbourhood of Les Errues, but di-ove from this village and
from a factory near St. Germain the French battalion which
had advanced thither through Roppe.

On the 3rd November the right -wing column moved to
Chalonvillars, the detachment of flie 4th ilesei-ve Division to
Seraiamagny, so that these troops commanded the roads leading
from the west and north to Belfort. The main body of the
Ist Reserve Division occupied the ground to the south and east
of the place from Banvillard through Sevenans and Chevremont
as far as Roppe. With the exception of a few cannon shots falling'
from the advanced works of the foi-tress, the enem}' had made no
attempt on this day to impede the advance of the Germans ; de-
tachments of the Stendal battaHon and of the 1st battn. 25tli
Regiment, after a slight skirmish, dislodged a battaUon of Garde
Mobile posted in Eloye. A detachment despatched on the
previous night to the westj reached Vesoul the same evening, a

Ist
^ -1 , Ortelsburg and Osterodo Landwehr battalions, 3rd Reserre Lanoors, Srd

nnd 4 til liglit batteries. t Situated in the neighbourhood of Gebweiler.

X A squadi-on of tlic 3rd Beserre Lancers and 60 infantrj of the 2oth Bcgiment
under Major r. Ohlen and Adlcrskron, mounted in waggons.

r 2

242

distance of 32 miles, by which commuuication was opened with
the XrVth Corps. General v. Tresckow Ist transferred his head*
quarters to Les Ernies.

The force which had up to the present time arrived before
Belfort was far too weak to blockade the fortress in a thorough
manner; still, in postinp^ the different detachments, attention
had been paid to affording them mutual and timely support in
any sorties that the enemy's superior force might make. The
troops arranged the villages in their occiipation for independent
defence by means of abattis, barricades, shelter-trenches, covered
conununications, and gun emplacements, besides securing them*
selves by advanced outposts. In La Chapelle sous Rougemont
magazines and hospitals were established; the rationing of the
troops, however, met for a time with ^eat difficulties in con-
sequence of the poverty of the surroundmg mountainous district
and the absence of cross communication.

In the first period after the commencement of the investment
there were only some slight skirmishes vrith the garrison of
the fortress. Two companies of Gardes Mobiles, which en-
deavoured on the 5th November to take up a strong position
in Essert on the road to Chalonvillara, were driven out by a few
shots from the Deutsch-Krone battalion. After that the French
artillery had brought their fire to bear upon the villages occupied
by the Germans in the ground to the south and east of the fortress,
and had caused some conflagrations thei-ein, the enemy made a
sortie on the 7th in the direction of Sevenans and Vezelois ;
yet the advanced troops of the Burg and Neustadt battalions
succeeded, after a brief struggle, in driving back both attacking
columns through the Botans and Bosmont woods upon the
fortress. In consequence of the erroneous intelligence that
large bodies of the enemy were advancing from the north
through the Yosges, a reconnaissance on an extensive scale
was made to Giromagny on the 6th.

After the gradual arrival of the troops originally left on the lines
of communication in Alsace, the investment of belfort was more
completely effected after the 8th November, and the position ex-
tended southward as far as the Lisaine. The detachment of the
4th Reserve Division * vnth the 2nd and 4th Combined Pomera-
nian Landwehi- Regiments thenceforth held the ground be-
tween Giromagny and Montb^hard, the other half of the 1st
Reserve Division the district between St. Germain and Sevenan8.t
The works for fortifying the line of investment were diligently

* Ezoepting ^-, whicli iu accordance with orders, commenced ite lotum maxch

to Colmar on the 9th, and on the 12th had rejoined it« regiment at Snlz.
t West Section under General t. Tresckow Ilnd : —
4th Comh. Pomeranian Londwehr Kegt. T ^ . , ^ _.

2 squadrons 8rd Beserre Lancers I ^ quarters between Giromagn j

4th light battery 4th Res. Diyision J "*^ bermamagny.

Ortelsburg and Osterode battalions 1 Occupying Frahier and Chalon-

f rds 8rd light battery 4th Bes. Division j Till&rs.

243

continued. As a point cCappui for the Siege Corps in the event
of a sortie stood the town of Montbeliard, but more particu-
larly the castle on the east bank of the Lisaine, which was free
from escalade, and was peiinanently occupied, arranged for
defence, and provided for a considerable time M-ith food. As
the departm'e of German troops for the Lisaiue liad been
remarked from the fortress, the commandant on the 10th
November caused a battalion to make a sortie in the direction
of Chalonviilars, and two gmis uulimbering at £ssert to take

Eart in this advance ; but this battalion was speedily repulsed
y the Ortelsburg Landwehr battaUou, which was likewise sup-
ported by artillery.

On the 5th November instructions had been sent from tho
head-quarters of General v. Werder* to watch any move-
ments on the part of the enemy from Besan^on, and to
destroy the railways leading from Belfort to Switzerland.
When the nortli-east vring of the XlVth Corps, now con-
centrated at Vesoul,t the corps investing Belfort undertook
the occupation of Lm'e. A strong detachment of all arms,
which was pushed forward from Montbdliard by way of
Bavans in order to drive off the French Gardes Mobiles
which were said to be in the neighbom-hood of Lisle but le
Doubs, reported that the enemy had apparently already retired
as far as Be8an9on. This was confirmea, when General v. Tres-
ckow (Ilnd) advanced with foiu: battalions, three squadrons, and
eight guns on the 12th November through H^ricourt and
Arcey, for the purpose of supporting the movement akeady
commenced by the XlVth Corps towards Dole. The Germans
were only fired at occasionally by franctireurs ; they found also
the bridges broken away at several points and the roads rendered
impassable, but in other respects the eutire neighbourhood, as
far as Clerval, was clear of the enemy. The troops passed the
night at Lisle sur le Doubs, and on the following day com-
menced their return mai'ch to Montbeliard. During another raid
made from thence the population in the neighbourhood of Delle
were disarmed and the railway destroyed at Morvillars. The
necessity for securing the investing force towards this side led

2nd Comb. Pomeraman Landwhr Begt. 1 ^^^^^^ BanTillaid and Mont-
2 squadrons 8rd Res. Lancers > bdliard (hew the 2 ffuns).

4rd Srd Ught battery 4th Bcs. Diyision J °'^*"'^ ^"" *"* * ^"■''

£ast Section under Colonel r. Buddenbrock :—

3rd Comb. Pomeranum Landwehr Begt. | Between St. Germain and Bet -

J •5??<^~° 2nd Res. Lancers V wncourt.

2nd hght Res. battery IXth Army Corps J

l8t Comb. Pomeranian Landwehr Begt. 1 g^^^i^ ^^ Bessoncourt as f ar aa

1 squadron 2nd Res. Lancers V gevenans.
1st light Res. battery IXth Army Corps J

2 squadrons 2nd Res. Lancers 1 j^ j^^^ ^^ j^^^^^
1st light Res. battery Ilnd Army Corps J

* Tills officer had in pursuance of instructions from Versailles (see Part II, p. 221)
assumed the command of tho 1st and 4ih. Reserve Dirisions.
t Bee Part 11, p. 227.

244

to the employment for the purpose of the 67th Regiment*
coming from iStrassburg, of which the 1st and fusilier battalions
were housed at La Chapelle sous Rougemont, and the 2nd
occupied Mulhauseu. From these two points detachments of
the regiment made repeated incursions through the frontier terri-
tory lying to the southward.

On the morning of the 15th November the enemy made an
attack upon the east part of the lino of investment with about
four battaUons and some aitillery and pioneei*s, after that the
fortress had cannonaded with vigour for several days the quar-
ters occupied by the Gei-mans. A column advancing along the
Bessoncourt road forced back the Prussian outposts for some
distance, but had to give way afterwards in front of the formed
troops of the Neustadt Landwehr battaUon under CSaptain v.
Tscnammer. Whilst a reserve hastening up in support of the
French now brought the infantry action to a stsmdstill, the
artillery on both sides carried on a vigorous stniggle, in which
the heavy artillciy of the fortress took part. The repeatedly
advancing swcums of French tirailleurs caused Captam Wein*
berger with his two guns to retii-e on each occasion. Although
the latter had ultimately to be withdrawn out of fire, yet t£e
enemy found himself compelled at 8 a.m. to retire to the for-
tress, in consequence of the shells of another division of the same
battery^- which unlimbered on his flank. Of the secondary
columns of the Belfort gamson which had advanced towarcls
Roppe and Chevremont, the former had been diiven off very
shortly by shell fire, while the latter, deputed to make a false
attack, was quite imable to engage. Tne loss of the French
in tliis sortie amounted to upwards oi 130 men.

General v. Tresckow 1st had meanwhile become convinced
that neither an investment nor a bombardment would lead to a
sturender of the fortress, since the latter was provided with
considerable supplies in comi)ari8on with its garrison} and the
relatively small number of inhabitants, and was adequately
provided with safe bomb-proof cover. The question thus pre-
«ented to the General whether he should limit himself to observ-
ing the place or proceed to a siege in form was decided by the
supreme authorities in favour of the latter alternative. Aftei'
the fall of Keu-Breisach the material necessary for the attack
was handed over to tlie 1st Reserve Division.

About this same time the 4th Reserve Division, by order of
General v. Werder, had left Neu-Breisach for Vesoul, and on
the 13th November had reached the neighbourhood of Ensis-
heim. The main body of the Division advanced on the follow-
ing day in two columns to a point abreast of Sennheim, and on

• Formerly belonging to the Ist Army (see Part II, p. 176), but since the com-
mencenient or October assigned to the Ist Beserre Biyision.

f 2nd iight Reserre battei7 IXth Army Corps.

X The garribou of Belfort was estimaled at that time by the Germans at about
8,000 men, but ttbs really double that strength.

245

the loth reached ^vith its advance the ueighbourhood of
Giromagny, whilst a right flank detachment, consisting of the
1st and fusilier battahons 25th Regiment with a squadron and
some guns, crossed the mountains from Sennlieim and reached
St. Maurice by way of the road through St. Amarin. In
pursuance of instructions firom the head-quarters of the XlVth
Coi'ps the detachment of the 4th Reserve Division hitherto
employed in the west section of the line of investment round
Benort, rejoined, for the most part, their original command
The Osterodo Landwehr battaUon alone remained with one
squadron of the ord Reserve Lancers with the present siege
corps, to which were assigned in addition the Loetzen and
Giunbinnen battalions* hitnerto employed on the Rhine in
other duties.

* The former was appointed to garrison Nen-Breisach, the latter to escort the
priionera of war taken at that place.

S46

Proceedings ix Northerx and Central France after the

Capitulation of Metz.

With the defeat of the Army of the Rhine the war had once
more reached a phase pregnant with consequence. All the
hopes attached hj the French to a longer continuance of the
resistctnce of Metz were annihilated at one blow. Whilst the
regular drilled troops of the country, with their leaders, were
now almost without exception prisoners of war, the German
supreme authorities were able to oppose two new armies to
the armed masses collected with sucn surprising rapidity by
the French.

As soon as indications of every kind pointed to the prospect
of an early fall of Metz, measm*es were mitiated at the head-
quarters of His Majesty the King for removing the aimy stand-
ing before the great Moselle fortress into western France, and
at the same time for capturing by degrees the fortresses on the
Ardennes railway, so as to be able to use this railway as well
for the supply of the German Army. For this piupose, on the
23rd Octooer, orders to the following eflfect had been issued ;
as soon as possible after the conclusion of the capitulation
Prince Frederick Charles was to march with the four Corps of
the Ilnd Aimy, and the 1st Cavalry Division attached^ in the
main direction through Troyes to the middle Lone ; the Ist
Army, leaving a su£Bcient garrison in Metz, was to lay siege to
the fortresses of Thionville and Montm^dy, while witii the re-
mainder of the troops it was to advance to the Gise district
between Compiigiie and St. Quentin. Both armies were to
march on the oroadest front, in order to facihtate supply and
accelerate their movements. On the Ist Army devolved the
additional duty of escorting the French prisoners of war, for
which pui-pose the Landwehr troops belonging to it were to be
mainly employed.

Wmlst the Ilnd Army, after rapidly removing the piisoners
from the camps within its rayon, was able by the end of
October to commence its march to the south-west, the Ist
Army found itself detained at Metz some time longer by the
duties which had been assigned to it. As the Landwehr batta-
lions of the 3rd Reserve Division had afterwards to take over
the duty of guarding the prisoners of war in home territory,
the effective of this Division was reduced thenceforth to one
infantiy brigade of the line, four cavalry regiments, and six
batteries.*

* From each of the two prisoners' camps in the rajon of the Ilnd Armj on the
left bank of the Moselle, 10,000 men 'vrere transferred dailj to the two central
camps, and from thence an eqnal number of men to the two eastern camps at St.
Barbe and Ars Laquenexj. These formed the points of departure for their trans-

I>ort to Germany, which commenced on the 30th October bj waj of Boulay to Saar-
ouis on the one side, to Couroelles on the other side, and from the two last-named
points bj roil. The text of the order of the 2drd October is giyen in Appendix

247

The supreme command of the 1st Army, which now once more Adrance of
became an independent unit, had been entrusted to General of the ist Armv
Cavahy Baron v. ManteuflFel. That officer proceeded in conse- ^ ^^<^^^'
(^uence on the 30th October to Jouy-aux-Arches, but at the same §{l^nder of
time retained temporarily the command of the Ist Corps. The Verdun,
chief of the staff, who m the month of September had been
appointed to the command of a brigade, and a short time after
fell seriously ill, had been replaced by the Quartermaster-in-
Chief, Colonel Count v, Wartensleben. The previous 3rd
Reserve Division was united with the Vllth Coi-ps, appointed to
garrison Metz and also to lay siege to Thionville and Mont-
medy, imder the orders of General v. Zastrow ; this officer s
immediate and chief duty was to take over the charge and
removal of the piisoners of war. The large number of the
latter, as well as the blocks which occurred in the traffic on the
railway to'Saarbriicken, delayed the transport to such an ex-
tent that the troops appointed to proceed to the Oise ^vere
occupied with escort duties in the first week of November, while
the supply of the masses of men collected in the prisoners*
camps on the east side was attended with no little difficulty.

Fresh instructions from Yeraailles meanwhile caused the
despatch westward of several relays of troops. As early as the
28th October, the GOth Kegiment with the 8th Biile battalion and
two pioneer companies, had marched to reinforce the corps be-
sieging Verdun. The 3rd Cavalry Division pushed forward to
Fresnes, had received instioictionsy in conjunction with the 33rd
Regiment and the li^ht field batteries of the 15th Division, to
clear the Argonne district of the franctireurs, who were said
to be making inroads through that neighbourhood, and then to
await in the neighbourhood of Clermont the arrival of tlie Ist
Army. A further telegram from the supreme authorities ordered
on the Slst October the immediate departure of an infantry
Division, which if necessary was to be employed in support of
the troops posted in front of M^zieres.* In consequence of
this the Ist Infantry Division was moved off on the 2nd Sep-
tember by way of Woippy to Rethel, whilst in its place a brigade
of the Ilnd Aimy remained behind for some days in order
to perform the guard duties in the camp at St. Barbe. On the
5th November the 4th Infantry Brigade, with a squadron of
dragoons and a heavy batteiy of the 2nd Division, moved off to
Pont-a-Mousson, with a view to then* being forwarded from
thence by rail to Soissons, and sul>sequently laying siege to the
fortress of La Fere, which barred the railways from Rheims to
Creil and Amiens.

The remaining troops of the Ist Army f in proportion as their

* Fire battalions, 3 squadrons and 1 battery of tho 2nd Landwehr Diyision,
belonging to the Goremment-General of Bheims.

t 8rd Infantrr Brigade, i 10th Dragoons, 3 batteries of the 2nd Diriaion and tha
Corps Ariillerr of the Ist Corps; 30th Infantry Brigade, 7th Hussars and 2 bat-
teries of the 16th Diyision, tne 16th Dirision and Corps Artillery of the Ylllth
Corps.

248

services could be dispensed with in the piisoners' camps, occq-
pied quarters temporarily on the left bank of the Moselle, those
of the 1st Corps l^ing below, and those of the Vlllth Corps
above Metz. On the morning of the 7th November botli Corps
comnaenced the prescribed movement westward, the Vlllth
along the roads leading in the main duection of Rheims through
Fresnes and Etain, the 1st along the road through Biiey on
Rethel, already taken by the Ist Division. As the army was
marching without halthig days and on a broad front, the troops
received theii* food, as much as possible, from the pereons on
whom they were billeted ; magazines and hospitals had been
formed in addition on both the Etappen lines leading to the
Champagne.

The commander-in-chief, who had joined the Vllltb Army
Coips, had before his departm*e ordered General v. Zastrow to
assemble as soon as possible at Briey the infantry 'brigade of
the hue of the old 3rd Reserve Division, which was still engaged
with the transport of prisoners, and to despatch it with the
two hght cavalry regiments and three batteries to the right
wing of the army. The general was fuilher recommended
to invest ThionviUe and Montmedy at an early date, watch-
ing Longwy -with a suitable force, but in other respects it was
left to his discretion either to besiege both the first-named
fortresses simultaneously, or to commence with ThionviUe.
For these objects and as garrison for Metz there were still
available the Vllth Army Corns, half of the cavalry and artil-
lery previously belonging to tne 3rd Resei-ve Division, as well
as the 60 heavy gmis already employed before Metz, and two
battalions of the 72nd Regiment standing in front of Thion*
ville.*

The head-quarte)*s staff of the Ist Army had been meanwhile
ordered to proceed with the siege of A^erdun. Certain measures
already taken vdih. this object were, however, rendered void by
the early sm-render of this fortress.

The toivn of Verdun, situated on both sides of the Meuse,
and including a population of about 14,000 souls, is surroimded
bv medieval fortifications, which towards the end of the

■ ■

X Vllth century were extended on Vauban's system. The
northern and eastern enceinte were supported on the one side
by the heptangular citadel situated in front of the west side,
and on the other was appuved on the Victor Hornwork projecting
to the south-east, whilst the naturally weaker south-west forti-
fications were flanked by both of these works, and were pro-
tected, moreover, by then* situation in the inundable district of

* This re^menfc appointed in tbo first instance to garriion Soarlouis aftar its
relief by the 70th Regiment was by degrees once more emx^lojcd in the field. Sec
Port ir, p. 227.

1 : 160. OOO

249

the Meuse Valley. The river, which branches above the town
in several arms and cannot be crossed except at the bridges,
fed it is true only the ditches of the fortifications of the town
proper; but both citadel and homwork were perfectly free
ti'om escalade, o^ving to the well-kept escarp walls. Verdun,
however, is commanded on all sides by important heights,
which on the slopes turned towards the fortress are planted
with vines, and are for the most part wooded on the more remote
side. The Cote St. MicheL situated about a mile from the
north front, pcnnits the interior of the town and citadel to be
completely overlooked ; Avhile the villages lying at the foot of
the heights enabled the assailant to take up positions in the
immediate neighbourhood of the ramparts.

At the outbreak of the war the fortress was armed with
about 140 gims, and pi'ovided with a sufficient store of pro-
visions. The commandant, General Gueiin de Waldersbach,
had but a small gan*ison at his disposal in the first instance ;
but this had been so increased by numerous piisonei-s of war
who had escaped while being transported from Sedan to Pont^-a-
3Iou8son that, inclusive of National Guards and franctireurs,
it numbered in September about 6,000 men.

After the unsuccessful coup de main of the Saxons on the 24th
August, Verdun had for a long time been watched by cavalry
alone,* until the troops under General v. Bothmer, deputed to
capture the fortress, advanced from the neighbourhood of Thion-
viUe towards the Meuse.f Whilst the four Rhenish Landwehr
battaUons took over the occupation of Sedan as well as the
obsen^ation of llezieres, which Avas still in the enemy's hands,
and the let battn. ()5th Regiment guarded the Etappen stations
of Stenay and Damvillers, the other two battalions airived
Avith the regiment of Resei-ve Hussars and the battery before the
east side of Verdun on the 7th September. During a recon-
naissance undertaken on the following day, the locahties at the
foot of the glacis of the foiiress appeared to be unoccupied ;
yet the country to the south of the town was inundated by
damming the blouse, while a ford at Belleray had been made
impassable, and the railway bridge at Belleville destroyed.
SomcAvhat further down a practicable ford and feny were dis-
covered at Bras, bjr means of Avhich the 9th Lancers, who had
been for a week m that neighbourhood, together with some
artilleiy and the 7th Companv Goth Regiment, passed on the
Dth September to the left banlk of the river for the pui-pose of
blockading the Avest side of tlie foiiress. As this position had
to be giA^en up in consequence of the departure immediately
after of the Lancers4 the Company moved to Cliaray. The
troops Avhich remained on the right bank of the Mouse had

• See Part I, Vol. II, p. 195 and 467.

t 66th Kegiment, Siegburg, Briihl, Xcuis and Deutz battalions of the 28/68 Regi-
ment, 4tli Keserve Hussars, and the heavy Hcsorrc battery Vllth Corps. See Part I,
Vol. II, p. 481. and Part II, p. 17a *

J Sec Part II, p. 176.

250

meanwhile been distribiited for the inyestment of the east
front, ahnost equally on both sides of the road from Etain.

With the exception of some unimportant skirmish es in the
district to the south of Belleraj, the adveiiBarj limited himself at
first to the works necessary for strengthening the fortress. On
the afternoon of the loth ho made a sortie on a large scale in
a north-westerly direction towards the Uttle wood of La Made-
laine, for the purpose of capturing in Fromereville a goods train
laden with provisions, wbicn waa then on its way back to Chamy .
Three days later the troops of the garrison, supported by a
lively fire from the fortress artillery, advanced early in the
morning by way of Belleville towards the Cote St. Michel.
Both attacks were, however, repulsed without great loss* with
the help of the detachments held in readiness to support the
German outposts.

The fortress was not completely blockaded until the 23rd
September, when a considerable pait of the troops employed on
Etuppen duties with the 1st Army, as well as some guns cap-
tured in Sedan^ had arrived. The investment was now divided
into one westeiTi section and two eastern sections ; the line of
demarcation between these two last was the road from Etam.
On the right bank of the Meuse, where as before tlie majority of
the troops were concentrated, the line of outposts ran from
Yameaux past the Cote St. Michel and the farmstead of La
Blanchanderie to the heights west of Belrupt, on the left side
of the river fi'om Belleray to Billemont farm, then over the St.
Barthelemy and Blamont heights as far as Villers les Moines.f

* This fell almost exclusiTelj upon tlio ^^.

t The detaiU of the diBtributiozi on the 23rd were as follows : —
West section (8 companies, 8 squadrons, 6 gnns) :

—^1 4 companies Jiilich Landwehr battalion, 2 squadrons 4th Be^enre Hus-
65

ears, 1 squadron 6th BesezTo Lanccn, and heaTj Seserre batterj Ylllth

Corps.

Korth-east section (7 companies, 1 squadron, 8 guns) :

— IL, 2 companies Julich Landwehr battalion, 1 company Deutz Landwehr
65

battalion (with the French guns from Sedan) , 1 squadron 4th Reserrc

Hussars, 2 guns Reserve heavy battery Yllth Corps, and 6 French guns.

South-east section (4 companies, 1 squadron, 2 guns) :
4 companies Aachen Landwehr battalion, 1 squadron 4th Beserre Hussar j,
2 guns of the heavy Beserve battery Yllth Corps.

In Beserve (2 companies, 2 squadrons, 2 guns) :

2 companies Aachen Landwehr battaUon, 2 squadrons 6th Beserve Lancers,
and 2 guns of the heary B«serve battery Yllth Corps.

Total : 21 companies, 7 squadrons, 18 guns. These were joined shortly after by
the Simmem Landwehr battalion, parts of the Andemach battalion, and the Teltow
battalion of the 2nd Landwehr Division, which latter, however, was again recalled
on the 30th September. The Simmem battahon moved up to the north-eastern,
the Andemach battalion to the western section, where at this time the whole of the
Julich battalion was concentrated. The Julich, Aachen. Simmem, and Andemach
battalions consisted Ukc all the old Etappen battahons of 6 companies in accordance
with the order mentioned in Part II, p. 186. Two companies of the last-name«.l

251

At Belleray preparations were made for forming a pontoon
bridge over the Meuse.

On the 24th September the enemy made a reconnaissance in
force through Thierville towards La Madelaine. The 10th co.
65th Regiment successfully repulsed a thrice-attempted ad-
vance, supported by the guns of the citadel ; a detachment of
troops* hastening along the right bank of the ]\Ieuse from
A'ameaux took part with an effective fire, Avhile two other
fusilier companies of the same regiment appeared at Lombut on
the enemy's left flank.

As the commandant of the foi-tress had meanwhile rejected
several summonses calling upon him to surrender, steps were
now taken by the Germans to cannonade tlie place with field
artillery. On the morning of the 2Gth September 12 guns,
placed on the previous ni^ht behind the cover thrown up for
them, and protected by pickets, maintained a fire for tiuree
hours from the west, north, and soutii-east against Verdun,t
which was vigorously repUed to by the enemy. One of the two
guns on the Haudainville height sustained severe damage from
a French shot.

At the beginning of October the gan-ison again made some
sorties for the purpose of enabling the inhabitants of Verdun to
gather the wine grapes within tiie rayon of the German out-
posts. On the afternoon of the 2nd some detachments of French
troops advanced vrith this object alon^ the left bank of the
^leuse towards Lombut, and along the nght bank in the direc-
tion of Lecourtier Wood, Avhilst still fiuther to the east some
80 mounted Chasseurs fell upon the picket posted on the Cote
St. Michel. The 10th and 6th cos. 65th Regiment, the fonner
supported by some guns, repulsed this attack, however, by an
effective file-fire ; on the right bank of the Meuse this resulted
in a hand-to-hand melde with the hostile horsemen. On the fol-
lowing day the Jtilich Landwehr battalion put a speedy end to
a sortie of the adversary in the ground between Billemont and
La Maison Rouge.

General v. Bothmer transfeired his head-quarters on the 5th
October from £ix to Charney, and there issued detailed ordera
for a continuous bombardment of Verdun, for which purpose
some French siege guns from Toul and Sedan, and also some
Prussian artillery companies, had been held in readiness. This
time the north side of the fortress was to bo taken under fire
from the Cote St. Michel, wliile the main attack was to be
directed against the citadel, wliich, as akeady mentioned, was

battalion occupied the Etappen stations of Clennont and Suippe situated in the
direction of Rheims.

*^>.uxf"^xx >and4guns.
65 4th Res. Hub. '^

t The heary Reserre battery Vlllth Corps on the C6te de Bkmont, 2 guns each

cf the hearr Beserre battery Vllth Corps on the height north of Haudainyille and

on the height north of the C6te St. Michel ; on the latter were in addition 2 French

guns.

252

only Borrounded by diy ditches, and the fall of which mnet
entail the surrender of tlio fortress. As the ti*anspoi't of the
heavy artillery from '!\)ul and Sedan would bo attended -with
difficulty, owin<^ to tlie Avant of horaes, some working parties
of infantiy and horses belonging to the artillery of the in-
vesting corps proceeded thither to render assistance.

At this period General v. BotJimer \ras appointed commander
of the 13tn Division.* He was replaced by the previous com-
mander of the 1st Infantry Brigade, Major-General v. Gayl, who
reached Chamey on the Dth October, and at once proceeded to
put into execution the ai-tillerv attack initiated by his prede-
cessor. The siege guns brought up from Toul undor escort of
two fortress artillery companiesf were for the most part placed
in a park erected at Fromereville, those coming from Seaan at
Bras.j On the 8th October the Ist battn. 65th Regiment had
also arrived before Verdun, and was attached to the western
section of investment ;§ the 6th Reserve Lancers, on the other
handy had left for Rheims.

In order to protect the construction of the batteries which
were contemplated to the north and west of the fortress, the
65th Regiment, now united in its entirety, moved shortly
before eight o'clock on the evening of the 11th along both banks
of the Meuse to occupy the villages of Belleville, Thiervillo, and
Regret, whilst the field aiiillery, under tlie liglit of a clear moon,
cannonaded the Victor homwork. Belleville was already eva-
cuated by the French ; the other two strongly baiiicaded
villages were also abandoned after a biief resistance by the ad-
versary, who was apparently surprised, with a loss of about 20
prisoners. On the following evening the 65th advanced still
nearer the fortress, detachments of the two battaUons posted on
the left bank of the Meuse forcing their way into Glorieux and
Jardin Fontame ; groups of skiimishers of the 2nd battalion at
the same time advanced through Belleville to within 600 paces
of the glacis, in front of which they entrenched themselves. The
adversai-y, without oifeiing fmi:her resistance, had ^^dthdi-awn
behind the walls of the fortress, whence, by a brisk musketry
fii'e, he inflicted losses upon the companies of the 1st battalion,
appearing at the eastern border of Jardin Fontaine.

That same evening the constniction of the batteries com-
menced. Although the loamy soil, satumted with the raiji, and
the rocky subsoil, which in many places showed close to the

* In the place of General r. G-lumer appointed to command the Baden Field

Diririon.

t 4th and 6th cos. 3rd Fortress Artillery Regiment.

J From Sedan the ammunition for the French puns vrss also proTidod, irhilc
from the same place the 6th co. ITth Fortress ArtillcrY Dirision had olso been
brought up.

§ In its place other troops had assumed the duties of grarrisoning the Ftappcu
stations of Damyillers and Stenaj. In the latter place the 5th co. of the BrGlil bat-
talion, with some men of the 53rd Landwehr Begiment, were surprised on the
momtTiff of the 11th October from Montmedj, and for the most part carried off

253

suiiace, caused considerable impediment to the works, vet in
the course of that nip^ht four batteries were corapleled in the
ground to the west of the foiixess, six on the Cote St. Michel,
and at 6 a.m. on the 13th October fire was opened upon Verdun
with 52 guns*. The fortress answered with such effect that the
two batteries upon the Cote des Hayvaux Avere obliged to cease
firing before noon, whilst the remainder, although losing heavily,
continued an uninterrupted fire. After the latter had continued
at intervals during the night and the damages sustained had
been made good, the siege guns took up the stiaiggle again the
next morning with gi'eater vigour.

In this they were supported by a battery newly erected on
the east sloi>e of the Cote de Blamont,-f" and apparently proved
themselves in the afternoon superior to the fortress artillery.
After a successful reconstruction of the batteries on the Cote
des Hayvaux which had been silenced on the 13th^ the assailant
on the morning of the 15th continued the cannonade with full
force ; but the adversary also i*emained this day with his activity
unimpaired, until by 11 a.m. the firing ceased, at first on the
German side, and soon afterwards on the French. During the
three days' engagement, 15 guns were placed out of action in
the siege batteries, and more than 60 men killed or wounded ;
the loss in the detachments of the 63i*d Regiment pushed for-
ward towards the glacis amounted to about 40 men.$ In the
citadel and in the town several buildings had been set on fire,
while on the rampai'ts some guns had been destroyed ; the
adversaiy, had, howevei*, been able to replace them on each
occasion without loss of time.

General v. Gayl, who had become convinced from the insig-
nificance of the previous results that in Wew of the fortress
being provided with powerful artillery, a regular attack upon it
would alone attain the desired result, now made appUcation for
the supply of a Prussian siege train, as well as for some
reserves of ammunition, which had been much wanted for the
French guns present with the corps of investment. The l>5th
Regiment evacuated temporarily its advanced positions on both

* Battezy No. 1 (heayy Besenre battery Vlllth Corps) on the CMe St. Bor-

thelemr, west of Pieiron farm.
„ Ko. 2 (4 French mortars) in the Tilhige of Gloricuz.

„ No. 6 (6 French guns) "^

„ No. 7 (4 French guns)
„ No. 8 (4 French guns)
„ No. D (4 French howitzers)
„ No. 10 (6 French guns)
„ No. 11 (heayy Reserre battery Vllth Corps) J
In all 12 Prussian field guns and 40 French guns (among the latter were likewise
12 field guns in batteries 6 and 10).

^ t^This was battery No. 4 (6 French guns) which had not come into action on the
previous night, and had now been coustructcil on the site indicated further in i««r.
X See Appendix LXXXVI, which gives details with regard to the losses sufi*ered
by the Germans during the inyestment and siege of Verdun.

On the CAto St. ^fichel,
north of Belieriilo Til-
lage, placed in the order
named from west to
cast.

254

banks of tbo Meuse, but occupied with pickets those batteries
in which the heavier siege guns loaded with case had been
left, in order to avoid the unnecessary transport which their
temporary removal would have occasioned.

The momentaij failure of the Germans had raised the enemy^s
spirit of enterprise. On the stormy night of the 19th-2(Hh
October, he drove in a picket of the 1st battu. posted for the
protection of the batteries on the Cdte des Hayvaux, and was
only dislodged with the assistance of the reinforcements
hurrying up from Thierville, and not until he had spiked the
guns there. About 5 a.m. on the 28th October, there was a
soitie in force along both banks of the Meuse. Franctireurs
and pioneers made tneir way through the Bois St. Michel, and
advanced as far as the artillery emplacements on the height of
the same name, where, however, they only found one unservice-
able gun. After destroving the parapets and bombproof cover,
part of the French took the dii^ction of the Bois Lecourtier,
and part ftirther on the left through the vineyards towards
Belleville, against which place French troops of the line and
Gardes Mobiles had already advanced by way of La Galavaude.
The 5th company, G5th Regiment, which nad already made a suc-
cessful stand on the railway embankment south of BeUeville, but
now found itself outflanked on the left, and also cannonaded
from the other bank of the Meuse, retired, contesting every step,
but with rather heavy loss in prisoners, upon the Bois Lecourtier,
which was occupied by the 7th company. The enemy pressed
closely, but was imable to make any further progress, as the
Gth company with 2 guns, meanwhile brought up from Bras,
took part in the struggle, and again took possession of the
Cdte Dt. Michel. An attempt on the part of^ this company to
penetrate through the vineyards to Belleville failed, however,
against the fire of the adversary, who stubbornly defended this
>4llage.

Simultaneously with the sortie alon^ the east bank of the
Meuse, three columns of French ti*oops had advanced fi*om the
north-west front of the fortress. The detachment of the right
•wing, supported by two field guns firing case, made three sepa-
rate but vain assaults upon Thierville, which was occupied by
the 1st battn. 65th Regiment; a small pai-ty of mounted
Chasseui-s, who charged the barricade at the south entrance of
this village, were driven off by volley fire. Whilst the French
again withdrew at this point into the fortress at 7 o'clock, the
central sortie column, under cover of the darknesR, had
succeeded in passing unobsei-ved through the vineyards
between Jardin Fontaine and Glorieux, and reaching the
batteries on the Cote des Hayvaux, and after driving in the
pickets, rendered on this occasion the whole of tlie 12 guns
thei-e unserviceable.* The attack was next continued against

* The GksrmanB bad intended to withdraw the gnns, bat this bad been left an«
done in consequence of the eoddoned state of the loamj soil.

2oo

the battery on the slope of the Cote Blamont, but after being
repulsed by the llth company of the above-named regiments the
central French detachment also commenced its retreat at day-
break. The left wing column had meanwhile pushed forward
their tiraillem*8 from Glorieux through the vineyards of the Cote
St. Barthelemy, in the direction of PieiTon iaim, where on the
German side the 10th company encoimtered the enemy. The
successful attack of this company at 9 a.m. ended the engage-
ment, which had ceased half an hour earlier on the other side
of the liver. Belle\'ille and Glorieux remained occupied by the
French; opposite to them the Germans resumed their previous
(Hitpost positions on the right bank of the Meuse. The loss of
the 65th amounted to about 30 killed and wounded, and some
40 missing.

Towards the end of October, and in the begmning of the fol-
lowing month, the reinforcements despatched from the Ist
Army,* as also some Prussian siege guns, accompanied by
several companies of artillery, arrived before Verdun. The
siege park now mustered 102 guns, and was provided with large
stores of ammunition. Seeing the preparations for a formal
attack, the commandant of the fortress solicited an armistice on
the 3rd November, and this having been sanctioned with the
concurrence of the Royal head-quarters, hostilities ceased on
the 5th, and shortly afterwards the negotiations for a capitula-
tion commenced. On the 8th a treaty was concluded, in which
the smrender of the fortress was fixed for the following day,
and the garrison, with the exception of the National Guards,
were declared prisoners of war. In consideration of the vigor-
ous defence and the present capacity of the fortress for resistance,
the besieger engaged to suiTender the material of war on the
conclusion of peace. The French officers retained their arms
and other property, and were allowed to go at large on giving
their word of honour not to serve against Germany in the pre-
sent war. On the morning of the 9th November the Pnissians,
in accordance with the agreement which had been made,
marched into Verdim, where the traces of the several days*
bombardment were distinctly visible on many pubhc buildings
and dwelling-houses.

The main body of the Ist Army in their advance from the
lloselle commenced, as already mentioned, on the 7th November,
had reached on the 8th the neighbourhood to the north and
south of Etain. There the head-quarters received on the one
hand the news of the capitulation of Verdim. and on the other
hand on the night of the 8th-9th a letter fi'om the supreme
authorities, in which the Ist Army was assigned the duty of
laying siege to Miziferes. In accordance with the general in-

• See Part IT, p. 2 J7.

25r,

BtnictioiiR also contained in this letter that, in proportion as the
two armies advanced from Metz, the Landwehr troops engaged
at the time in active duties before the enemy, should for the
future be alone employed for garrison and Etappen duties,* the
Governor-General of Rheims applied for an early relief of the
detachment belonging to the 2nd Landwehr Division, posted
at that time in fi'ont of Meziires. General v. j^Ianteitffel in
consequence ordered the 1st Division, at the time on the march
to Rethel, to bend away to Boulzicourt, and then to undertake
the siege in accordance with the orders. The pontoon column
of the Ist Corps was also attached to this Division ; part of the
heavy guns mtended for the attack of the fortress were,
according to reports from Rheims, already at Boulzicourt.

The 1st Division, which, after an unimportant collision with
some hostile troops reconnoitring from Montm^dy, had on
the 10th November reached Le Chesne by way of Beaumont,
received on arrival the order to which allusion has just been
made, and in accordance therewith moved to Boulzicourt on
the 11th. The 41st Regiment had a slight skirmifih on the
13th to the north of this place with the adversary, who made a
sortie from Miziires, whilst the 43rd Regiment, with a squad-
ron and a battery, passed to the right bank of the Meuse, at
Doncheiy. On the 14th the fortress was surrounded : on the
east by the 2nd, and on the west by the Ist Brigade ; the latter
at the same time occupied the passages of the Sormonne, and
undertook the duty of watching Rocroy.

The main body of the Ist Army had meanwhile continued its
march westward, without halting. The Vlllth Corps crossed
the Meuse to the north of Verdun, and after calling in the Rifle
battalion, the two pioneer companies, and the 65th Regiment,f
reached St. Menehould and vienne le Chftteau, at the west
foot of the Argonne, on the 11th November ; the column of
troops of the 1st Corps was at tliis time at Buzancy. The
3rd Uavahy Division came up between the two wings of the
Army, after having scoured, m accordance with its orders, the
entire mountainous district, without meeting -^itli armed re-

* Tliis letter, despatched on the Slst October, did not reach its* destinntiun until
now in consequcnco of a delav in the field post. It included, anionpst other motter-,
n further change in tJie distribution of the Goremment and Etappen troops, hy
virtue of which the Inftpection-Oeneral of Etappen of the 1st Army liad alone at its
disposal the St. Wendel Landwehr battalion and the Ist squadron 6th Resent'
Hussars. The Etappen troops reeerred for the armies were as follows : —

Ilnd Army : 4 battalions, 2 squadrons, — batteries.
IIIrdArmytlfi „ 0 „ 2 „

Meuse Army : 4 „ 2 „ — „

The Goremment-General of Alsace had now at its disposal 23 battalions, 9 squad-
rons, and 2^ batteries ; that of Lorraine 20 battalions, 6 squadrons, 2 batteries ; thnt
of Bheims 17 bottalions, 4 squadrons, 3 batteries.

t See Part II, p. 247. In lieu of this last-named regiment, the 60tb Kegiment
was assigned to the Gk)Temment-Oeneral of Lorraine, whose jurisdiction, in purtu-
auce of superior orders of the 4th November, now included also the Department of
the Meuse.

257

sistiiuce at any point; the 33rcl Regiment and the two batteries
of the Vlllth Corps rejoined their respective commands on this
fi'ont.* In such deplo^^nent did the Army in the succeeduig
days traverse the broad plains of Champagne ; on the 1.5th it
reached with its leit wing the neighbourhood of Rheims, vrith
the right the vicinity of Kethel.+ On that same day commenced
the investment of La Fere by the 4th Infantry Brigade, Trhose
transport from Pont-ii-jVIousson to Soissons had been delayed by
stoppages in the railway traffic.

The Commander-in-Chief had already betaken himself with
his staif, on the 14th, to Rheims, for the purpose of initiating,
in immediate communication with the Government-General
there, the advance to the Oise, and of coming to a decision with
regard to further proceedings against the Ardennes fortresses.
From the more recent communications of the supreme autho-
rities it appeared that the artillery originally destined for
the siege of Mezi6res had been meanwhile appointed for
employment against La Fere. In its place the siege train
which could now be dispensed Avith at Verdun, was assigned
for the attack of Mezieres. But as it had first to be transported
by country roads to Clermont, and its arrival could not in
consequence be counted upon for several weeks. General
V. Manteuffel refrained, until that time, from any serious enter-
prise against Mezieres. Ue expressly prohibited any cannonade
uf the toAvn during this period, but rather, by taking up a posi-
tion in front of the south side of the fortress, and by watcning
Rocrov and Givet, decided for the time being to secure his
own hues of communication in the rayon of the General Govern-
ment against the triangle of fortresses formed by those three
points. For this purpose he appointed the troops of the pre-
vious 3rd ReserA^'e Division, who had meanwhile advanced to
Briey;J after the arrival of this latter at Boulzicourt the 1st
Division was to be again brought up to the Army. All other
airangements with regard to the subsequent siege of Mezieres
were left, taking into account the further advance of the 1st
Army westward, to the general commanding the Vllth Corps,
to whom the detachment of troops just mentioned was also
assigned for this purpose. Gieneral v. Zastrow, after the trans-
port of the French prisoners of war had been concluded and
the return of the escort parties, had forthAvith commenced the
investment of Thionville and Montmedy, to wliich duty he had
been deputed. Before the former fortress stood the main body
of the 14th Division ; in front of the latter fortress was a detacli-
nient from l)oth Divisions of the Vllth Coi-ps, consisting of
0 l)attalions, 4 squadrons, and 1 battery, which had likcAnse to

" To make the VTIIth Corps complete, there ^as still wanting the 28th Eegi-
ment, which did not leave (he Moselle with the haxon pontoon coiuran until theOtli.

t Appendix LXXXVII contains the daily destinations of the different unica and
of the head-quarters of the 1st Army until tlie 15th Kovember.

t 10th and 81 st Resriments. 1st Resen'e Dmjroons, 3i"d Reserre Husiari, and
3 Rrsorvc huttcrie* of the Vth Armv Corps.

ii 2

258

obsen'e Longwy ; the greater part of the 13th Divifdon was in
aiul near Metz, Tlic General Inspection of Etappen, after
arranging for the transport of snpplies and the regulation of
their other business in tnat neighbourhood, followed the army
headHjuarters to Rheims.

Adrmomct
thallnd

the Upper

Seine.

STentiin

Pluieuidon

the

Immediately after the surrender of Metz, the Ilnd Army had
commenced its forward movement to the south-west. [u
accordance with the instructions received some days before
from Versailles, Prince Frederick Charles intended to arrive
abreast of Troyes and Chaumont on the 11th November, with
the objast, if necessary, of giving a hand to the XIV th Corps
from the latter place. * The right wing of the army, consisting
of the IXth Corps, and the 1st Cavalry Division* drawn forward
to Briey on the 29th October from its positions east of the
Moselle, reached on the 2nd November the west bank of the
Meuse at St. l^iihiel, whilst the Illrd Corps crossed the river
further up at Commercy. The Xth Corps, which was to form
the left wing of the armv, set out with its main forces from the
neighbourhood of Metz for Toul on the last-mentioned date, and
was followed on the 4th November by the 40th Brigade,t which
had up to that time been left at the request of the commander-
in-chief of the 1st Army as guard to the prisoners' camp at
St. Barbe. The parts of the Ilnd Corps, still at Metz, followed,
in accordance with instructions from the supreme authorities,
the Division despatched towards the end of October in the
direction of Paris, as reinforcement to the investing army. The
ereater part of the 3rd Division was transported by rail to
Nanteuil-sur-Mame between the 3rd and 8th November; the
14th Regiment, 6 squadrons of the 3rd and 11th Dragoons, the
corps artillery, and part of the trains marched by the most
direct road through Bar le Due, Vitry, and Sezanne.

With regard to the next duties of the Ilnd Army, General
Count V. Moltke had, in a letter which reached amy head-
quarters at Commercy on the 3rd November, expressed himself
to the eflFect that the first eflforts should be oirected to dis-
perse the newly organised forces of the adversary-. With the
reservation as to other duties dependent upon the future course
of events, he indicated as desirable the occupation of Bourges,
and also of Nevers and Ch&lon-sur-Sa6ne. At that time the
opinion still prevailed that one army corps at each of the
above-named places would suffice to disperse any hostile forces
assembled there.

Accordingly the army held to the direction originally t-aken
in accordance with instructions from army head-quarters. The
daily rations, while traversing the exhausted country in the

• See Fart II, p. 246.
» t With the **^

16th Drug.

and the 4th light battery Xth Army Corps.

259

u«ighbourliood of Metz, were drawn from the Bupplies caiiied
with the troops ; later on they were furnished by the owners
of billets, whilst the commissaiiat trains and waggon parks
replenished their suppUes as required from the magazines
aiTanged beforehand on the different lines of march.* Through
good diet, the prevalence of better weather, and less fatiguing
marches along well-made roads, the health of the troops
visibly improved. The marches, however, had at first pro-
ceeded Arithout incident, and it was not until the neighbour-
hood of the Marne was reached that there was distinct evidence
of an aimament of the people, which had its origin more par-
ticularly &om Langres and Chaumont. Some miles to the north
of the latter place there occurred, for the first time, some slight
collisions with the enemy.

The Ilird Corps had ah*eady detached from Commercy upon
(liaumont, by way of Gondrecourt, a force consisting of 2 batta-
lions, 3 squadi'ons, and a batteiy,t for the purpose of securing
the left flank towards that side during the further march of
the anny.J This duty, in consequence of instinictions from
army head-quartei'S which anived shortly afterwards, had been
extended in so far that that the troops were to occupy the rail-
Avav junction at Bologne and, if possible, those at Chaumont
ana Biicon. The object of tliis was to prevent the adversaiy
removing the locomotives and wagffons on the lines south-west
of Neufchatcau, and in the next place to open the trafiic for
themselves on that part of the hne from Blesme by way of
<,'haumont to Troyes.

This left flank detachment of the Ilird -tVimy Corps fomid,
on the Gth November, on the march fiom Doulaincourt to
Froncles, the steep hollow way leading into the Mamc valley
barred by abattis. The latter w-ere not occupied, but at Froncles
and Provencheres, as well as on the heights south of this vil-
lage, there appeai'ed French infantry who fired at the Prussian
dragoons scouting in advance. As, according to the statement
of the inhabitants, there were considemble hostile forces at
Chaumont and Langres, Colonel v. Conta endeavoured in the
firat place to open communication with the main bodv of the
coi-ps ai-riving at Joinville this day. He, therefore, uncier cover
of tne 9th and 11th cos. of the Body Guard Grenadiers, which
took up the musketiy action with the enemy in the Marne val-
ley, withdrew %vith the advanced guard by way of Villei-s-sur-
ilame to Gudmont, vnih. the rest of the troops to Rouvray.

The coi-ps coimnander. General v.Alveusleben (II), on receiving
a report at Joinvillo of these proceedings, assembled the 5th

• Appendix LXXXVIII contains the daily destination of the different units and
the heaa-quartcrs of the Ilnd Army up to the 10th Xovembpr.

. llndandJFn^ 1 st and 3rd ■ ' ;jrd_ j^^ j^^^ ^,^^^ ^^^^j^^ (.^j^^^j ^

' 8 :ind Draff. 12th Drag. ^

Conta.

X Tlic Xlh Coi-jM had r.ot yet nrrired in the foiTmo$t line of the anuy.

260

Divifiion at Rouvray on the followiug iiiornmp:, and caused the
flank detachment, reinforced hj the 1st batlaUon Body Guard
Grenadiers, once more to advance along the west bank of the
Mame towards Chaumont. The enemv had meanAvhile retired
to beyond Bologne, and occupied only a copse situated about
two miles to the south between Mai'ant and Bretenny, as also
the last-named village. The place was cleared after a few
shells^ while the detachment in the copse was turned on both
flanks, subsequently dispersed after a brief struggle by the 12th
CO. Body Guard Grenadiers, and for the most paii; taken
prisonera. A squadron of dragoons dispatched against Chau-
mont, which was said to be strongly occupied, was received
in the neighbourhood of Buxereuilles vriih. volley fire fi-om formed
detachments of French infantry. But when the Piiissians re-
sumed their advance from Bologne on the 8th, they encountered
no ftirther resistance. The 5th Division now spread out through
Chaumont, as far as Bricon, and in this position acraited the
arrival of the Xth Corps coming up from Toul. The latter
reached Andelot on the 9th November at the same time as the
main body of the Ilird Cori>s arrived at Doulevantand Barnsur-
Aube ; the right wing of the army, whose cavalry patrols had
already scouted from Montier en Der towards the passages of
the Seine, and found them free fi*om the enemy, occupied Troyes
^vith an advanced detachment.*

On the following day the whole of the IXth Corps vrith the
1st Cavalrv Division was assembled there, whilst the main body
of the Ilird Corps marched to Vendeuvre, and the 5th Division
reached Claii'vaux. The Xth Coi-ps anived with its maui forces
in the neighbourhood of Chaumont, with the 40th Brigade at
Neufcb&teau.

From Nancy, which since the end of October had formed the
chief Etappon station of the Ilnd Army, Etappen and Govern-
ment troops occupied, in proportion as this army advanced, the
most important points on the gieat road to Chaumont, and on
the railway lines from Neufchateau and Blesme which met at
Bologne. On the latter, steps were at once taken for restoiing-
the three railway bridges over the Mame in the neighbourhood
of Villers, which had been destroyed bv the French.

The Ilnd Army thus stood on the 10th November in a lint-
between Troyes and Chaumont. ready to continue its moyemenis
in the previous direction. On this day, however, Princt-
Frederick diaries received at his head-quarters in Troyes it
telegram from the supreme authorities, in which he was sum-
moned to move away to the right in a westerly du*ection in
consequence of the present situation at Paris and on the Loire.

* On the aiteruoon of the btli a squadron of the 12tli Lancers had lerieii a contri-
bution of money on this town, as sliortly before a caralrr patrol had been fired upon
by the inliabitauts in passing through the streets.

2i)l

lu the French capital the revohitioiiaiy party,* iovHoiiie Umo
past working iu isecret, had gradually become considerably en-
larged, and kept the inhabitants in a constant state of agitation
by its alaiming manifestations. The mob wliich, iutcrspei-sed
with National Guards, collected repeatedly in front of the Hotel
de Ville, the Louvre, and the monument of Strassburg, demanded
that Chassepots should be served out, that all officials with
monarchical proclivities should be discharged, and that they
should proceed to the election of a municipal council. As the
(jrovernment hesitated to interfere seriously with these proceed-
ings which were at one time ridiculed by then* own pcoplct they
were shortly expressed in open acts of violence. On the 8th
October 4,000 armed National Guards smrounded the Hotel de
Ville, shouting ** Long hve the Commune I " and had to be dis-
persed by other troops. But even on this occasion the well-
Known ringleaders of the distm*bance enjoyed perfect immunity
from punii^ment, and in spite of the outward appearance of
tranquiUity, the agitation among the lower classes continued
steadily on the increase. Moreover, the many ill successes of
the French arms during the month had evoked a very general
feeling of dissatisfaction vnth the present Government. This
critical situation reached its climax, when, about the same time
that the intelligence arrived of the fall of Metz and of the un-
favourable issue of the struggle at Le Bourget, Thiei-s rctmiied
to Paris from his seven weeks journey to the European Coiuts,f
and at once the news spread through the capital of the com-
plete failure of his efforts. According to his representation of
the state of afiairs, no effective help was to be expected either
from abroad or from the provinces through which he had just
travelled. After so many disillusions the leaders of the State
were freely accused of treason and incapacity. The heads of
the revolutionary party considered the moment ripe for putting
their plans into execution.

On the 31st October in an assembly of delegates from the
different quarters of the city, it was resolved to depose the
Government and recognise the Conmiime. Boisterous mobs
besieged the Hotel de Ville on all sides. Some battalions of
National Guards summoned for its protection having made com-
mon cause with the insurgents, General Trochu withdrew the
three companies of the Garde Mobile posted in the interior of
the extensive building, after that they had received instructions
to defend their post, but not to make use of their fire-arms.
The rioters now pressed unopposed into the building, and
smashed the doors of the council room ; the members of the
Government sitting there in council and the Commandei'-in-
Chief of the Garde Nationale, were surrounded by armed men
and made prisoners. In the general couftision the minister Picard

• See Part II, p. 97.

t It was wont to be called in Paris the tHonomanie d§ l*4iMute,

t 19e« Part n, p. 21.

2\Si

escaped; be at once took the most iieceSHUiy Btepa for dealiug
with the disturbance, and caused the general assembly to be
beaten in the streets. At 8 p.m. several battalions which had
remained loyal to the Government surrounded the mob as-
sembled in front of the Hotel de Ville. Two companies of
Gardes Mobiles reached the building by means of an under-
groimd passage from their barrack, and in the course of the
night opened the doors to the Government troops outside. Tlio
riotei-s fled, throwing away their arms; part of them were
captiured in and in front of the Hotel de ville, but were sub-
sequently set at large without punishment.

During these proceedings in the interior of Paris, the Frencli
Government had once more entered into negotiations with the
German head-quarters with a view to facilitating the election
in regidar form of the representatives of the people. With
this object, conferences took place at Versailles between Thiere
and Count v. Bismarck ; but these led to no favourable result,
as the Frencli not only demanded a month's armistice, but also
put forward the inacceptable demand to re-provision the
capital. The minister Favre in Paris and Gambetta in Tours
now publicly declared that all prospect of agi-eement with the
(Germans had disappeared, and that the war must be carried on
to the bitter end. For this, however, there was but little dis-
]iosition at that time in Paris. A very general discouragement
already prevailed there, and many persons expressed themselves
that in view of the late of Metz, which sooner or later could
not fail to be shared, an armistice even without the entry of
provisions might be taken as the finst step to peace. Such was
the position of affairs when in the second week of November
the imexpected news that the Army of the Loire had gained a
victory mled the spirits of the French with fresh hope.

The supreme power at Tom's had been since the middle of
October almost exclusively in the hands of Gambetta. As
Minister of the Interior and Minister of War he combined in
his own person the two at the time most important offices, and
directed not only the composition but also tlie movements of the
armies called out by himself, without consulting the other
Ministers.* By virtue of this almost al>solutc power, which
l«U5ted until the close of the war, the iron will of this indefati-
gable man succeeded in placing in the field against the Germans
a force of 600,000 men and 1,400 guns.

In addition to the line troops and Gardes Mobiles which had
aheady been grouped into the larger units, the National

• See Part II, p. 1-A4. The Minister of Mariue, Vice- Admiral Fourichon, had
originally undertoken as well the duties of Minister of War, but shortly after re-
signed that office. The current business was transacted under Gambetta's direction
bj his assistant, Frejdnet.

2(13

Guai'dtt by vii'tue of au order oi tlio lltli Octobur hud been
afterwards combined by paiishes and districts into compauieu
and battalions of varying strength. A brigade formed for each
Department from these detachments was to be employed as a
general rule for its defence, but under certain circumstances
might be used beyond its rayon. The organisation of the
larger imits had also been actively taken in hand. Under
cover of the two Coips of the Loire Anny, commanded since the
middle of October bv General d'Am'elle de Paladines, which, us
akeady mentioned, stood between Blois and Gien,* the forma-
tion of the 17th Corps in the neighbourhood of iler and 131oi8.
and of the 18th at Nevers, were taken in hand, whilst another
Corps under Vice-Admiral Jaures at Chateaudun, Brou and No-
gent le Rotrou filled the gap between the troops on tlie Loire
and the forces distributed in north-west France. There, in
northern Nonnandv and Picardv, General Bourbakihad assumed
tlie chief command, General Briant at Rouen, and General
Fi^reck on the left bank of the Seine.

On the right wing of the last-named force, Lieut.-Colonel
Marty "with 8,000 men commanded from Chateauneuf and
Senonches the position between the Upper Eure and Blaise to a
point abreast of Coiir\411e and Gamay. Dreux, an important
place, had been some time occupied by about 7,000 Gardes
Mobiles under General du Temple, but had been evacuated on
the 25th October on the advance of the Gth Prussian Cavalry
Division. After this latter had been shortly brought up again
to Maintenon by desire of the commander of the 22nd Division,!
both Divisions made a raid towards Coiu'ville on the 3rd No-
vember. This was joined on the left also by the 4th Cavuhy
Division, which advanced with two Brigades through Xogent-
sur-Eiu:e upon Com'\'ille, with the 3rd to Bailleau ie Pin, and
from thence reconnoitred toward Illiers. A few shells it is
true caused the. evacuation of Courville ; but as the entire
district lying to the west appeared to be strongly occupied by
the enemy, the Piiissians commenced their return maixli to
Chartres on the following morning. Since the withdrawal of
the 6th Cavalry Division there had been constant coUisions
between the Gennan and French patrols in Dreux,

In front of the 5th Cavalry Division standing at Houdan and
Mantes there were some 8,000 Gardes Mobiles and franctireurs
imder Colonel Mocquard,t holding the neighbourhood (.f
Evi-eux ; they had extended themselves along tlie Lower Kure
as far as Pacy, and along the Seine as far as Gaillon and Vei-
non. On the 22nd October the 13th Prussian Cavalry Brigade

* Tlie 15th and IGth, sec Part II, p. 1G3-4. The command of the 16lh Corps, of
which the 2nd Division and a brigade each of the two other Divisions were bv the
beginning of November at Blois in readiness to march, wns subsequentlv assumed
by General Chanzy. Appendix LX2CXIX contains the ordre de bataille of this Corps.

t See Part II, p. 1G7. The 3rd Hussars and a Bavarian battalion remained ot
Riuabouillet. 2See also Ocnoral Map No. 5.

X Tliis officer was replaced in November by General Thoma«.

26i

during a rcconuai8sauce orclerftl from tlic lieHd-qiiai*ters of the
Ilird Army had come iuto collisiou with swarms of French tirail-
lenrs to the south of Chaufour, and in order to avoid being sur-
rounded had withdi-awu to Mantes. Strong detachments of the
enemy approached at the beginning of November to within seven
miles of this town, but disappeared agaiu immediately after
from that neighbourhood.

The troops of the German Army pushed forward to the west
for the purpose of covering the investment of Paris, had thus
during theu* raids up to the commencement of November met
"with considerable bodies of French troops at all points along
and behind the £ure, but had been unable to gain a clear idea
of the real strength and positions of the adversary, in conse-

auence of the close and intersected nature of tne district,
^n the right bank of the Seine also a general forward move-
ment of the French forces had been observed since the end of
October.* But it was on the Loire at this time that the enemy
displayed more marked activity.

The occupation of Chateaudun and of the neighbourhood
west of Orleans by German troops soon after the middle of
October had been taken bv the French as an indication of an
impending enterprise against Tours. In consequence of this
the Government there first pushed forward the available parts
of the 16th Corps at Blois to a point abreast of March^noir
and Mer, and had ordered a Brigade of the 15th Coips to bo
brought up from the Sauldre to Blois. But as the anticipated
advance not only did not take place, but, on the contrary, more
precise information arrived with regard to the paucity of Ger-
man troops on the Loii*e, it was resolved in a council of war at
Salbris on the 24th October to attack Orleans.

Two Divisions of the 15th Corps were with the assistance of
the railway to be transported in the succeeding days to Yen-
dome and Mer, and afterwards, in conjunction with the troops
of the 16th Corps already pushed forward beyond Blois, to take
the direction of Les Barres and La Chapelle. It was the inten-
tion to bring the advance initiated from the west to a decision
in front of Orleans on the last day of October, and at the same
time to threaten the Geiinan line of retreat upon Paris by a
movement of 13 regiments of cavalry towards Artenay. The
1st Division of the 15th Corps posted at Argent, and the troops
of the 16th C()ii)8 still in Bourges received orders to assemble
at Gien, and afterwards to move against the east side of Orleans.
A fiu*ther continuation of the ofiensive movements northward
was not for the moment contemplated bv tlie French authori-
ties ; on the coutrarv, instructions reached General d'Aurelle
on the 27th from Tours to tlie efifect that after the capture of
Orieans he was to form at that place an entrenched camp for
about 200,0C() men.f

• See Part II, pp. 172-173.

•t ISee tlie work " La premi^r« Knuie de la Loii'e/'

265

Several iuterruptioiib in the traffic on the railway from Salbris
to Blois, and the rainy weather which had cut up the ground,
delayed the advance of the troops moving from tlie west upon
Orleans. It was not until the beginning of November tliat on
the right wing the two Divisions of the 15 th Corps and lleyaus
Cavalry Division stood on the Loii-e above and below iler, a
brigade of the former on the left bank of the stream at Muides
serving as support to a detachment of all arms advancing to
that point ;* on the left wing behind the Bois de March^noir
was the greater part of the IGth Corps. Beyond these again a
cavahy brigade with a battalion and a battery had reached
Autainville, whilst another battalion at Cloyes covered the left
flank towards Chateaudun.

The German troops assembled under the orders of General
V. der Tann, had meanwhile retained in general the positions
round Orleans, which they had taken up during the second half
of October ;t they had formed connection by way of Orgeres
^vith the two Prussian Divisions at Chartres, and in consequence
of information as to the movements of the enemy had, towards
the end of the month, made frequent incursions over the country
to the westward. A detachment of all arms} reconnoitring from
Coidmiers drove some franctireurs out of Binas on the 25th
October, who in theii* retreat to the Bois de Mai'chenoir were
successfully charged by two squadrons of the 4th Hussars, and
were partly put to the sword, and partly taken prisoners. Some
other Frencn troops endeavoured to press forward from the
wood towards Binas, but again retired as they caine under fire
of a company of Bavarian Kifles, deployed meanwhile along the
edge of the wood, and of two guns which had unUmbered in
the vicinity. The rifles subsequently made a vigorous counter-
attack, at 5 p.m., and repulsed the enemy for a distance of a
mile, with considerable loss. Another reconnoitring column,
despatched towards Josnes on the same day,§ did not meet
Avith any gi*eat resistance, as the adversary had already eva-
cuated the villages lying on its line of march. Hostile detach-
ments, which received Avith fire the patrols of hussai's advancing
beyond Cravant, were forced by a few rounds of shell to seek
cover in the vineyards to the rear.

On the 31st October strong French detachments again ad-
vanced from the Bois de ilarchenoir. Bavarian Cuirassiers were
driven from Ouzouer le Marche, where they were engaged in
collecting forage ; but on the appearance of the 2nd Cavalry
Division, which had been quickly summoned, the adversary at
once evacuated the place. In the forest of Orleans, and at

* One Bifle Battaliuu dc Marcho, 1 battalion Giirdc Mobile, 1 >quadn)n. Xiitionul
Guards and franctireurs.
t See Port II, p. 1G4.

5 IrSSi* 7th BaT.'Bito' *^^ ^'' ^- ^' ^'^^'^ ^^""^ ^'"'P^*

'2iU\

several poiutn Bouth of the Loiie, frauctii-eui-b biiowed theui-
selves once more with great boldness ; while the inhabitants of
tlie villages beyond the Une of the German outposts became
more and more hostile in their conduct. At Vannes patrols of
Ihe Ist Body Guard Hu8sai*s had been forced to retire on the
2Gth and 27th October, losing men and horaes ; at St. Cyr en
Val small recoimoitiing detachments were frequently fired upon.

The reports with regard to these proceedings in the west and
south of the troops investing Pai'is, left no doubt at the Royal
head-quarters in Versailles of the decided progress of the
armaments in western and central France ; but as regards the
real strength and the chief points of assembly of the hostile
forces, there was as yet no trustworthy intelligence. Although
the enemy's positions, as discovered at times during the diffe-
rent reconnaissances, appeared at present to point more to a
passive defence than to serious offensive movements, yet the
contingency must not be lost sight of that the French might
still make an attempt to relieve the capital before the arrival of
the Gciman Armies from Metz. There were many reasons which
seemed to favour the probability of the French making a for-
ward movement from the west, as such an advance would
threaten the head-quarters of the Kmg, and the siege park in
c-ouvRO of formation at Villacoublay, just as much as an attack
from the south, while in addition it kept the relieving army
for i\ longer period from contact with the troops advancing
from Metz, and favoured its junction with their own forces
in Normandy. Intelligence which appeared at this time in
several newspapers with regard to the reT)orted movement of
troops along the railway from Tours to Le Mans appeared to
confirm this view. But as the state of affairs was not clear
enough for the supreme German authorities to adopt decisive
counter-measures, attention was for the time directed to more
complete precautions against sorties of the Paris garrison, and
also to increased vigilance against any attempts to raise the
siege ; for this double object the reinforcements expected fi'om
tlie east were to bo hurried fonvard with the least possible
delay.*

In order to enable the Army of the Meusc to detach a reserve
on its right wing, ijow menaced to all appeamnce from Rouen,
parts of the Guard Landwehr Di%dsion relieved on tlu^ 5th
November the brigade of the IVtli Anny Corps posted on the
Argenteuil Peninsula. The 4th Infantry Division arriving at
this time from Nanteuil, assembled in rear of the southern line
of investment at Longjimieau. The other Division of the
Ilnd Anny Corps received instnictions to occupy the gi'oimd in
the delta between the mouths of the Seine and Marne held by
the 17th, whilst this latter Division was designated to reinforce
those parts of the Anny desi^atched to the south and west. The
chief command of these troops was intrusted by His Majesty" the

*" Sec Tart IT, p 2C0.

21)7

King, on the 7tli November, to the Grand Duke of Meckleuburg-
Schwerin. This officer received instiiictions to oppose any
attempts at relief on the part of the enemy from the south-
west, with this newly-formed force, which now consisted of the
Ist Bavarian Corps, the 17th and 22nd Infantry Divisions, the
2nd, 4th, and 6th Cavahry Divisions. According to more detailed
ordera from the head-quarters of the Ilird Army, under which
the Grand Duke was temporarily placed, the right wing of his
force was to be concentrated on the 12th November at Chartres,
on the Eure, the 17th Division as left wing at Bonneval, on tho
Loir, and tho greater part of the Ist Bavarian Corps at Cha-
teaudun. A brigade of the latter and the 2nd Cavaty Division
were to hold Orleans, The deployment of the force, ^vith its
main front towards the west, did not, however, take place, as
a change in the state of affairs on the Loire rendered other
measures necessary.

Reconnaissaxce of the Bois de Mabghekoir on the 7th

November,

During the first days of November the German outposts west
of Orl&ns had perceived that the concentration of French
forces, i*ecently commenced on the line between Mer on the
Loire and Moree on the Loir, was constantly increasing in its
proportions- On the 6th November the patrols found Chateaudun
occupied by the adversary ; at Beaugency a division of the 4th
Bavarian Chevauxlegers, on the approach of hostile infantrv
along the left bank of the Loire, haa to cut their way through
an armed mob.

In order to acquire more precise intelligence with regaid to
the state of affairs in his front, General Count zu Stolberg
advanced on the following day with three regiments of the 2nd
Cavalry Division, the horse ai-tilleiy batteries belonging to the
latter, and 1^. Bavarian battalions, in two columns by way of
Baccon and Ouzouer le Marche, whilst a reserve, consisting of
the Body Guard Cuirassiers and the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade,
foUowea as far as the fii'st-named place.* The Gth Hussars lead-
ing the advance of the main column, who with the 1st horse
artillery batterv and a detachment of Bavarian riflemen, trans-
ported on the limbers, reached Chantome at 10 a.m., foxmd this

* Main colamn: 6tb Hussars with 1st H. A. battery Ilnd Armj Corps, 2nd
- 2nd, i 3rd, and 4th

^''""' iBt Bay. BiHes •

Right flank detachment : 4th Hussars with the 3rd H. A. batterj, Vlth Amir
, lOlh, 11th, and 12th

^T«» •"^ — isthBs;: — •

Beserre : Ist Body Guard Cuirassiers and Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade, with the
1st and 2nd H. A. batteries drd BaTarian Artillerr Begiment.

2r>8

village unoccupied, but were fired uj)on by the inhabitant*. A
Bquadron continuing its movement in a Bouth-westerly direc-
tion, met at Marolles a French rear-guard, under cover of which
other troops were withdrawing to the Bois de March^noir.
Two guns fetched up from Chantome drove the enemy with
a few shells out of Marolles, but the lancers escorting them were
in their further pursuit fired upon by musketry from the farms
at the edge of the wood. J\s French cavahy also appeared on
the left fiank of the line of advance, the 2nd Bavarian Cuiras-
siers, with a battery of horse artilleiy, were pushed forward from
the reserve position at Baccon towards Bizy and Yillermain.
The right flank detachment, moved up in the noon-hour by way
of Boussy to Chantome, after a French squadron had disappeared
in rear of the copses west of Binas, on the approach of its
patrols.

General Count zu Stolberg now resolved to inform him-
self in the first place of the strength of the enemy at Mar-
chenoii', before continuing his projected march to the Loii*. He
therefore collected his main forces at Marolles, and then caused
the three companies of the 13th Bavarian Regiment, with the 3rd
horse artillery battery, to advance in a westerly direction, whilst
the 4th Hussars covered the right fiank, and two squadrons of the
6th Hussars rode towards the point of the wood near St. Laurent
des Bois.

General Clmnzy, commanding the 16th French Corps, in con-
sequence of reports received from Marchinoir, had meanwhile
Sroceeded to the battle-field, and had sent off* to St. Laurent
es Bois the first available troops to support the outposts; a
rifle battalion had already reached that place. When tibe Ger-
mans commenced these movements they found the border of
the wood and the farms in its front strongly occupied by the
enemy ; other troops appeared to be advancing to the attack
from St. Laurent and Autainville. In consequence of this the
companies of Bavarian infantry now deployed upon the gently
rising height near Marolles, the horse artilleiy of tlie 2nd Cavalry
Division being on their immediate left; the Bavarian rifles
ensconced tliemsolves in the villages before their front. Against
this position the enemy opened a ^ngorous fire, which became
brisker at 2 p.m., when Bourdillon's brigade reached St. Laurent,
and at onci; l)r()UG:ht its two batteries into action. A cavalrv
brigade reconnoitring: from Autainville on the right flank of
the Germans sent some divisions in the direction of Chantome ;
these were, however, driven off by the 2nd Bavarian rifle
company.

After half an hour s firing, during which the German sustained
hea'sy losses, the adversary advanced in several columns from
St. Laurent and Autain-vallu. As his gi'eat superiority was now
fully apparent, the commander of the 2nd Cavalry Division
broke oft" the action at three o'clock. Under cover of the 1st horse
ai-tillerv batterv, whicli imlimbered to the north-east of Marolles,
the remaiiuler of the troops retired in echelon to the enst, their

2()9

flanks being protected by tlie hiissarp. The euiraesier resen'e had
meanwhile come up through Villermain, as far as the neighbour-
hood south of Cliantome, and opened fire at Ville-piclaire witli
the 2nd Bavarian horse artillery battery, against the hostile
columns pressing forward from St. Laurent against MaroUes.
The advei*sary now allowed the Gennans to retire immolested
to their former position. The losses in this action amounted on
the German side to about 150 :* on the French side, it was stated,
to about 40 men.

On the 8th November the Army of the Loire, in accordance
with the already mentioned plan of attack, resumed its for-
ward movement to the east. It reached this day a point
abreast of Messas and Ouzouer le Marche, with the 15th Corps
on the right, and the 16th Corps on the left wing, whilst the
Cavalry Divisions of both Corps and bands of franctireurs
moved further north to the neighbourhood of Prinouvellon,
and pushed foi-ward detachments in the direction of Coulmiers.
Some battalions remained on the Loir, others secured the
main approaches to the Bois de Marchenoir.

The commander of the 2nd Cavalry Division, on the news of
the enemy's advance, concentrated the two Prussian Brigades,-}*
and the 1st Bavarian rifle battalion, at La Renardiere and Baccou,
the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade with the 1st battalion of the
13th Bavarian Regiment at St. Peravy. Another battaUon of
this regiment occupied Coulmiers.J The 2nd Bavarian Division
which had also fallen in, was closely cantoned with its 3rd Bri-
gade in rear of the left wing of the cavalry at Huisseau, Chain gy,
and St. Ay, with the 4th Brigade in a position at Ormes. The
foimer pushed forward a battalion into Chateau Pr^fort; the
latter, 2 battalions, 2 squadrons, and a battery into Rosiires.

General v. d. Tann first learnt on the morning of the 8th
the result of the reconnaissance of the Bois de Marchenoir, and
at the same time received a report from St. Ay that the patrols
sent from thence had fallen in with detachments of French
troops in the neighbourhood of Meung.§ In the noon-hour further
communications were received with regard to the advance of the
Army of the Loire, the heads of which had already appeared

** See Appendix XC, -n'hich contains details of the losses of the 1st Bayarian
Corps and of the 2nd Cavalrr Dirision, between the 1st and 15th Xorcmber.

t The 4th Caralrr Brigade was still with the 1st Bararian Dirisicn« on Ihc left
bank of the Loire. See Part IT, p. 164.

J At first the — — -, whicli was, howerer, reliercd on tlie afternoon of tlie 8th by

13*
§ The enemy's presence there was confirmed shortly after by an officer who had
accompanied M. Tliiers on his journey from Paris tliroueh Orl6ans to Tours, and
had been turned hack on thij« side of ^[cuus: by the Froncli outpost?.

270

l>efi>re tlio front of the 2ud C avalry Divinion at Le Bardon and
Cliai-8on'\nlle. Spies also brought the news that there were
considerable bodies of the enemv at Gien. The German com-
manders deduced from these different observationB that an
enveloping attack upon Orleans was imminent, and thCTefore
took that evening the necessary counter-measures. It did not
appear desirable to accept the struggle at Orleans itself, as the
great extent of the suburbs and of the vineyards surrounding
them must entail the dispersion of the comparatively weak force
of infantiy. and be prejudicial to the effect of the other arms. A
position of the Germans at some distance to the west of the
town precluded, on the other hand, the immediate participation
of any French troops which might have advanced from the
south "^ and east, at least for the next day, while in the event
of a disadvantageous action it secured the retreat to the north.
Under these circumstances General v. d. Tann resolved to con-
centrate his available forces in the neighbourhood of Coulmiers,
in front of Buisson and Montpipeau woods, with a view to op-
posing in front the enemy advancing from the west, or in the
event of liis taking a road further to the south along the
Loire, to repulse him by a flank attack upon Beaugency.

Durin^' that same night the German troops put into execution
the prescribed movements. In accordance therewith, early on
the morning of the 9th November, the 2nd Division was assem-
bled between Cliateau Montpipeau and Rosieres. Imme-
tliately in its rear at Descures farm was the 1st Division, brought
up from Orleans, the artillery reserve further to the rear at Les
Barres. the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade, securing the right flank,
as before, at St. Piravy. The 2nd Cavalry Division formed up
with its three brigades before the front of the Bavarians, who
were facing west, in the following order : — ^the 4th, which had
arrived at Ormes on the previous evening from the south bank
of the Lone, in the neighbourhood of St. Sigismond, the 5th at
Coulmiers, the 3rd with the two horse artillery batteries at
Baccon. Advanced posts, in the ground between Toumoisis
and Thorignv, watched the district lying to the west, and ob-
served from St. Ay the road to Meimg. For the immediate
support of the cavaliy, or as a reserve to retire upon, there
were, if required, the battalions already posted on tlie pre-
cedini^ day at St. Peravy, Coulmiei-s. Baccon, and Chateau
Prefort. The Body Guard Regiment, with two squadrons and two
cruns, was left temporarily at Orleans, with the object, should
There be no engagement on the 9th, of insuring the possession
of the town, and more especially for the purpose of protecting the
field hospitals there, which were filled with large numbers of sick
and wounded : the pontoon bridges previously constructed by
the Bavarians over the Loiret were broken up. From the
(Tcrman troops at Chartres an answer was received during the
night to the request for support conveyed to them by tele-
graph, that on the 9th November the 22nd Infantry Division
would reach the neighbourhood of VoveR. while the leading

271

troops of the 4th Cavalry Division would arrive at Orgeres.*
There ivas, therefore, no prospect of any co-operation on this
day of these reinforcements.

The commander-in-chief of the French army of the Loire
had given orders for the 9th November, that on the right \ring
the 15th Corps wns to advance towards Le Bardou, Les Fon-
taines, and La Renardiere, the 16th on its left upon Coul-
miers, and outflank the right of the Germans. With this object
the latter coi-ps had been further reinforced by 10 cavalry regi-
ments, six batteries, and numerous franctireurs.

ENGAGE^ilENT AT COULMIERS ON THE 9TH N0VE^IBER.t

Movements before Noon.

General v. d. Tanu proceeded early in the morning of the 9th
November from Ormes, where he nad passed the night, to
Huisseau. Here he received at 8 a.m. tne report that strong
bodies of French troops were advancing from Cravant and
Messas to the north-east. Shortly after, a brisk skirmish broke
out between the enemy and the German outposts in the neigh-
bourhood of Baccon, and further to the south. No infoimation
had as yet been received with regard to the state of affairs to
the west of Coulmiers. The German commander, therefore, re-
solved to oppose his left wing, at the position of the Mauve
brook, to the enemy, who was apparently advancing with the
bulk of his forces by way of Rondonneau and Baccon, and
then to deal a foi-ward blow with the right from Coulmiers,
in a south-westerly direction. In accordance ^vith the order
issued in this sense, that part of the 1st Bavarian Brigade},
which had reached Descures, advanced at 9 a.m, to La Renar-
diire, the 3rd to Chateau Pr^fort. Of the other two brigades
of the Coi-ps, the 4th was to take post at Coulmiers, the 2nd
^vith the artillery reserve temporarily in rear, at Bonneville.
Instructions were sent to the cavalry brigades of the right wing
likewise to advance from St. P^ravy and St. Sigismond to Coul-
miers ; the troops left in Orleans were ordered to quit it directly
the artillery fire commenced on the west of the town, and to
join the left wing of the Corps by way of La Chapelle.

When the 1st Bavarian Brigade reached the western issue
from the Montpipeau Wood, it found the 1st Rifle battaUon,
which had been posted in support of the cavalry at Baccon^
already seriously engaged with the enemy. Rebillard's Brigade

• General y. Wittich had before tbo receipt of this request obtained the consent
of the head- quarters of the Ilird Army to more off to Orleans, in consequence of
the intelligence of the enemy's advance, which had reached him from other sourcea
on the 8th November.

t See Plan 21.

t Appendix XCI contains the distribution t)f General r. d. Tann's force for tbe
9th November.

272

of the 15th CJorps had moved with two batteries to Le Bardon
and Les Fontaines; further on the left, Peytavin's Division,
reinforced by Daries' brigade and the reserve artiUery, advanced
towards Baccon, and at 9.30 a.m. deployed a strong line of
skinmshers in front of this village.* General d'Aurelle de
Paladines had ridden forward in person to reconnoitre, and
caused four batteries to come b^ degrees into action in the
neighbourhood of Ghampdry agamst Baccon. On the Bavarian
fiide the 2nd Rifle Battalion, marching at the head of the Ist
Brigade, was now pushed forward to La Riviire and into the
park of La Renardiere, whilst the batteries belonging to it un-
mnbered at the north side of this park under protection of the
Ist Lifantry Regiment. The 3rd Prussian Cavalry Brigade had
likewise concentrated in that neighbourhood ; the horse ai*til-
leiy batteries with it, posted on either side of Baccon, brought
their fire more particularly to bear upon the enemy's columns
appearing at Les Banchets, although they were taken under a
brisk fire from the twofold snperior force of French artillery at
Champdry. To the south-east of this group of combata^nts the
3rd Bavarian Brigade had at 10.30 a.m. reached Chateau Pr^
fort. It occupied the adjoining villages of the Mauve position,
called in the detachments which had been reconnoitring in the
direction of Meung,t and with a 6-pounder battery took up a
position behind Chateau Prefort, as support to the cavalry
patrols falling back before the enemy. It soon appeared, how-
ever, that an attack on the left wing of the Bavarians was not
contemplated by the adversary. As the French troops deployed
between Le Bardon and Les Fontaines made no iui-ther attempts
to advance after the noon hour had expired. General v. d. Tann
ordered the 3rd Brigade to proceed through Huisseau to La
Renardiere, with a view to taking part in the struggle which
had broken out with great briskness at that place.

On the left wing of the Army of the Loire General Clianzy
had moved oflf in the morning a Division of the 16th Corps,
with four batteries, through Champdry to Coulmiers ; the other
Division, with three batteries from Ouzouer-le-Marche thi'ough
Charsonville upon Qieminiei's. The latter was subsequently
to reach the great road from Orleans to Ch&teaudun, and en-
deavour, as far as possible, to push forward along it in the
direction of Les Barres. On the left flank of the army the masses
of cavalry, combined under the orders of General Reyau, ad-
vanced upon Patay, for the purpose of observing towards
Ch&teaudun and Paris.

The leading troops of General Barry's Division shortly after
passing through Champdry were vigorously cannonaded in flank

* CompaTe the ordre dc batoiUe of the 15th Corps, in Appendix LXXIY. The
1st Division of this Corps belonged, as already mentioned, to the French troops con-
centrated at Glen.

+ JiiL-iuid If*

' Ist Bifles 4th Cherauxlegers.

273

by the Pnissian batteiy* frosted to the north of Baccon. The
French Anthdrew hastily in rear of the former village, and
caused, in the first place, two batteries, protected by some
detachments of lifles, to unlimber against Baccon, whilst the
rest of the DiAnsion halted, in order to await the result of the
aiidllery fire, and the progress of the neighbominij: Corps. On the
left the leading brigade of Jaureguiberry's Division continued
its forward movement upon Cheminiers, after that, in conse-

2uence of a report that Coulmiers was strongly occupied by the
rermans, it had, at 10.30 a.ni., detached a battery from Saiutry
in a southerly dh-ection, for the purpose of commandiug the Une
of advance of the other Division of the Corps, and of suppoi-ting
the attack of the right wing of the army on La llenardiere.

The commander of the 2nd Bavarian Division, Major-General
Schumacher, had before the receipt of instructions fi-om corps
head-quarters already caused the 4th Brigade to take up a
position at Coulmiers at 8 a.m : 2 battalions of the 13th Regi-
mentt in the park situated on the west side of the place and in the
quarry of Les Ci-ottes, the 7th Rifle Battalion further on the
right in the small copses and gravel pits, the 4-pr. battery at the
north-west angle of the park. The rest of the brigadej was in
reserve to the north of Coulmiers. Reports from the cavahy
pickets of the enemy's approach led at 10 o'clock to the 8th
6-pr. battery being brought forward, which now, in conjunction
'with the 4-pr., commenced to fire upon the French lines of skir-
mishers deployed on either side of the gi*eat road from Chai-son-
ville. As about an hour later the enemy's outflanking movement
made itself felt in the direction of Cheminiei-s, the ord battn.
10th Regiment, in order to secure the right flank, was des-
patched to Vaurichard, where the 5th Cavalry Brigade also
took up its position. The 7th Rifle Battalion occupied Oime-
teau, the Gtli 6-pr. batteiy unlimbered between this farmstead
and the before-mentioned quarry. The 2nd Infantry Brigade
posted at Bonne^alle, and the 4th Cavahy Brigade, which, in
accordance with orders, had come up from St. Sigismond, re-
ceived instructions to advance in the dii'ection of Champs.

The euemy deployed in the first place some batteries between
Epieds audCheminiei-8, opposite the Coulmiers position; infantry
detachments proceeded fi-om thence towards Onnoteau, until
they were forced to halt by the tire ot the Bavarian riflemen.
Meanwhile Bairy's Division had also resumed iis advance from
Champdiy, and reached at noon the neighboxirhood of Saintiy.
Under cover of its artillery, which deployed to the east of the
place on either side of the gi'eat road against Coulmiei's, the bat-
taUons made ready for the attack. In consequence of the

* 3pd horse jirtillerr battery Vlth Army Corps.

f -£_ waa, as already mcntioued, with tho Cuirassier Brigade at St. Pcrayy.

J Ilndandinrd 3rd and MH> ^^ ,^^ gj,, q batteries.
10 4th ChoTftuxlt'eers

n 2

274

tlireateniug measures of the enemy, the Bavarians now also
strengthened their line of fire at Coiilmiers -wnth two 6-pr.
batteries from the artilleiy resers'e, of which one took up a
position to the south of the park, the other on the right wmg
at Ormeteau.*

The heads of the French cavalry moving on the left flank
of the anny of the Loire had encountered that morning at
Renneville detachments of the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade.
The latter had meanwhile commenced at 11 a.m. its prescribed
march upon Coulmiers, as from the reports meanwhile received
the French cavahy were not followed by anv force of import-
ance. To the south of Coulimelle, however, the brigade foimed
up against the front line of Qeneitil Reyau's cavalry deployed
between Champs and La Vallee, which, after the first few shells
from the 1st Bavarian horse artilleiy battery brought up to the
east of La Haie farm, wheeled about, but only to clear the front
for their own artillery. The latter and a batteiy unlimbei*ed to
the west of St. Sigismond now opened a very neavy fire upon
the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade, whose 2iid liorae artillery bat-
tery had meanwhile hastened up from St. Peravy and come into
action to the west of Porcheresse fanii.

Whilst thus about noon a brisk cannonade ensued between
the contending artilleries at this noiihenimost point of the
field of battle, and in the neighbourhood of Coulmiers, the
Bavarians further to the south had been obliged to abandon
their advanced posts after a long and stubborn resistance. After
that the Ist Rifle Battalion had, in the flrst place, retired under
the enem3'^'s superior flre fi*om Baccon upon La Renardiere and
La Grand Motte, and then the Prassian nonse artillery batteries
had also withdrawn abreast of the artilleiy in action to the
north of the latter place,t the situation of the 2nd Rifle Bat-
talion in La Riviere, which was on fire in severtal places, became
very critical. Peytavin's French Division, following at the heels
of the Bavarians, had established itself in Baccon, and caused
four batteries to come into action on either side of this village,
vnili a view to preparing further oSensive movements of tlie
infantiy. An enveloping attack of the latter upon La Riviere
was, it is true, repulsed by the defenders; but when a fifth
French battery began to fire from the height west of St.
Christoplie farm, the Bavarian riflemen abandoned in good order
the village which they had so long maintained, covering them-
selves by vigorous counter-attacks against the enemy, who was
forcing his way into it from three sides. The Bavarian infantiy
now prepared to defend La Renardiere, the south side of which

* In the line of guns of the 4th Bavarian Brigade, now extending from Ormeteou
to tlie south of Coulmiers park, tlic batteries occupied the following positions from
right tjj left : —

7th, 6-pr. Cth, 6-pr. 8th, 6 p-. iih^irjn: Btli, 6-pr.
3 ' 1 '"I'l ' 3

t Two batteries of the Ist Bavarian Brigado. Sec preceding narrative.

275

had already been occupied by a compauy of the 1st lufabtry Regi-
ment. To the north-east of the place the four German batteries
now took up a fresh position on either side of Hotten,* in which,
covered on the right by the 3rd Cavahy Brigade, they succeeded
in holding the advei'sary at buy for a considerable time.

EXGAGEMEXTS IN THE AfTECXOON.

When the French Divisions had established themselves tumly
at all points in front of the main position of tho Germans, tliey
redoubled in the afternoon their efibi-ts to capture La Renardiere
and Coulmiers.

At the former village the Bavarian riflemen repulsed tho
enemy's attack. But as General v. Dietl did not consider him-
self equal to another collision with the three French brigades
opposed to him,t he withdrew at two o'clock \vith his troops in a
noiiJi-easterly direction, and under tho protection of an inter-
mediate position taken up by the 1st Regiment and the batteries
upon the height near Clos faim, reached unmolested the wood
west of Montpipeau.

Peytavin 8 French Division appeared at first to content itself
with the occupation of La Renardiere park, but subsequently
passing round it by the south-east, resumed its movement in
advance. At the same time, about 3 p.m., there appeared from
the south the 3rd Bavarian Brigade, which, having found in its
advance from Chateau Prefoi-t to La Renardiere the positions
there already in the enemy's hands, came up to Montpipeau,
and brought a welcome reinforcement to the weak troops of
the 1st Brigade. The batteries of the latter and the 2nd 4-pi\
batteiy of the 3rd Brigade now unlimbered in front of La Plante
faim, whilst the five battalions of the 1st and 3rd Regiments
occupied the part of the wood lying in rear. Further on the
right the horse artillery battery of the 2nd Cavalry Di\nsion
hastened once more to the north of La Motte aux Tauiins faim
for the purpose, in conjunction with the Bavarian batteries, of
engaging the adversary's artillery deployed at Le Grand Lus.
The 3rd Cavahy Brigade, the gi-eater part of the 12th Bavarian
Regiment and the 1st Rifle Battalion fonned a fighting reserve
to the east of Bonneville, whilst the 3rd battn. of the regiment
just mentioned with the two ()-pr. batteries of the 3rd Brigade
was appointed to give support to the troops at this time hardly
pressed in Coulmiers.

• They stood from right to left ns follows :— 3rd II. A. battery of the Vlth ;

1st H. A. battcrr of tho Ilnd Aruiy Corps ; 5th C-pr., 1st 4-pr.,

l«t Bar.

t 1st and 2ud Rifle battalion, -l , ogaiiist FejtaTin's Cirision aud

VsMb* Brigade.

276

So vehement was the advance made by Bany's Division at 1
p.m. against the positions there, supported by an increased fire
of artilleiy, that the Bavarians evacuated their advanced posts
at the quarries and brought up the only available reserve— the
2nd battn. 10th Regiment — to occupy Coulmiers park. As the
entire French Division repeated its outfiankinp; attack at 3 pan.,
the three 6-pr. batteries posted to the north of Coidmiers moved
to oppose it as far as the road from Ormeteau to Les Crottes.*
With the active co-operation of the 3rd battn. 10th Regiment,
and after several charges by the 5th Cavalry Brigade, the
enemy, although in superior numbers, was hkewise forced on
this occasion to beat a retreat.

The adversary after his successes at La Renardifere now
brought forward Daries' Brigade of the 15th Corps, which could
be dispensed with at that place, into the foremost fighting line
on the right flank of the 16th, and caused the artiUery fire upon
Coulmiers to be augmented by two batteries at Le Grand Lus.
The Bavarian battery in action south of the park against Le
Orand Lus found itself compelled to retu*e some distance, after
its gunners armed with Chassepdts had beaten ofl' an attack of
skhmishers ; it shortly after jomed the Prussian horae artillery
on the road from Coulmiers to La Motte aux Taurins. The
Bavarian batteries to the north of Coulmiers also took up a
fresh position some hundreds of paces further east, on the
left flank of which the two 6-pr. batteries of the 3rd Brigade
came into action. The 4th 4-pr. under Captain Baumiiller
maintained its verv exposed position at the north-west angle
of the park, until French skirmishers ultimately forced their
way into it. Whilst the guns were withdrawn in safety, the
8rd battn. 12th Regiment arriving at this moment drove the
enemy with the bayonet out of the park, at the south-west
border of which the Bavarian mitrailleuse battery brought up
from the reserve directed its fire with good result upon the
columns of French troops which were unremitting m their

attacks.!

The troops} despatched fi'om Bonneville northward had
meanwhile opposed with considerable success the left wing of
the 16th Corjis. On arriving abreast of Cheminiers, they had at
12.30 p.m. found this place as well as Cliamps occupied by De-
planque's Brigade, and had been received with a brisk fire. The
commander of the 2nd Bavarian Brigade, Major-General v. OrfiF,
deployed his infantry in consequence on the right of the four
batteries, which took up a position about a mile east of the first-
named village, and shortly reduced to silence the French artil-

♦ 7th of the Artillery ReaerTC, 6th and 8th of the 4th Brigade. The latter
battery had only two gansi the rest being anserrieeable.

t The ])ieccs of this new battery consisted of 4 barrels, put together on the prin-
ciple of the French mitrailleuses. Most of tliese barrels, however, became speedily
unscrriceable, in oonsequonce of obstructions in the loading ai*mngemeut.

% See Part II, p. 273.

277

lery at Villevoindreux by an effective cannonade ;* to the right
rear of the Bavarian infantry deployed the 4th Pioissian Cavalry
Brigade. In &ont of this latter appeared shortly after the columns
of French cavaliy which were retiring after an artillery engage-
ment of two hours with the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade by way
of Champs to Cheminiers, but which by order of General Chanzy
now wheeled up between those two villages facing the east*
The Pnissian cavalry, supported by the fire of four Bavarian
batteries, trotted forward towards those masses of cavalry,
but retired on perceiving their overwhelming superiority, and
being at the same time fired upon from Champs and Che-
miniei's. The French cavalry did not molest this retreat, but
rather sought on their side to withdraw from the effect of the
Bavarian batteries, and shortly hastened off in a westerly direc-
tion, as the appearance of some bodies of franctireurs moving
on the left flank of the Army of the Loire between Villam-
blain and Toumoisis gave rise to the erroneous report that
German infantry were advancing along the Chateaudun road.t
After that three squadrons of French Chasseurs left in St. Sigis-
mond had been driven out by the 2nd Bavarian Cmrassiers and
by some dismounted men of the 1st Body Guard Hussars,
and the Bavarian horee artillery batteries had come into action
shortly after from the north-east against Champs, the enemy
evacuated at 2 p.m. the village just mentioned in great disorder.

General v. Orff at once turned this opportunity to accoimt
for a %ngorous movement against the wavering Frencli infantry.
He first caused his artilleiy to move up to within 500 paces of
Clieminiers, and through its intervals led forward the battahons
agamst the village. The three heavy batteries, in order to obtain
a more open range, then took up a fresh position further on the
right and du-ected so successful a fire against the enemy, that
the rearward movement of his left wing commenced at Champs
was shared by others, and only the garrison of Cheminiers held
its groimd. In consequence, however, of the self-sacrificing
advance of Rear-Admiral Jaur^guibeiTy, the retreating troops
were i*aUied, whereupon the French artillery, supported^ by
several guns coming into action to the north of Cheminiers,
again took part in the struggle^ and caused the Bavarian horse
artillery batteries to retire.

The latter again showed front at St. Sigisraond against the
enemy's left wing, wliich had been reinforced bv Bourdillon's
Brigade, brought up from the reserve by General Chanzy, and
arriving towards three o'clock to the south of Champs. As
General v. Orff had received information that the state of affairs

. The ?ri±PI- formed the left wing j next followed the '^^'^ ^"f. ^ ' ^•P%

ond as right flank battery the _L-lH\

t According to the statement of General Chansy, in his work on the Second Armj
of the Loire.

278

at Coulmiers was increasing in gi-avity, he resolved under the
circumstances to refrain from continuing the attack upon the
enemy, whose force of infantry was three times gi*eater than bis
own, but to maintain his position to the last in order to protect
the German line of retreat northward. Although the open
country neither offered protection against the French sliell nor
any point of support for defence, the disjointed attacks of the
adversary were on each occasion successfully repulsed by an
effective file-fire. The foe did not, however, make a decisive
attack, and even the effect of the resei-ve artillery of the 16th
Corps concentrated near Champs failed to shake the steadiness
of the Bavarian Brigade.

Whilst the left ^ving of the French Army was thus held in
check, and the right likewise made no essential progress at
Montpipeau wood, the defenders of Coulmiers maintained their
ground ^^'ith difficulty against the three brigades of the 15th
and IGth Corps deployed in the centre of the fighting line.
Any fiu'thcr maintenance of the village, already piirtially out-
flanked, appeared the more dangerous, as on the next day its
defenders must be prepared to see the arrival of the troops of
the Ai'my of the Loire movmg from tlie Sologne, while they
could not look for support from the 22nd Division 18^ miles
away at Voves. General v. d. Tann considered it too critical
to risk his last reserves* in the stiniggle, and at 4 p.m. issued
orders for the engagement to be broken off by brigades from
the left wing. The retreat was to be directed upon Artenay,
while to protect the south investment of Paris, a junction was
to be next made with the 22nd Division,

At tliis time the enemy had once more forced his way into
the north-west angle of Coulmiers park, and was advancing
against it from the south-west with four fresh battalions. The
commander of the 13th Bavarian Regiment, Colonel Count v.
Ysenburg, after the receipt of the order in question, made
arrangements for gradually evacuating the post which he had
defended for four horns. The men who were still amply pro-
vided A^nth ammunition, were first merely w4thdi*awn as far as
the western border of the village, the gairison of whicht pre-
vented all immediate pursuit of tlie French l^y repeated counter-
attacks. AVhen the further retreat from the village had been
oftectod in perfect order by reciprocal support, the battalions
of tlie 4th lirigade marched away to Gemigny, whither the
batteries, under a brisk cannonade from the enemy established
in Couhniers, followed in echelon. From Gemigny the Brigade
reached without molestation the neighbourhood of St. Peravy.
The two brigades of the 1st Bavarian Division and the itli

* r-^ and the 1st Rifle battalion wliicli Lad mcanwliile rej^leniahed

animunition.

. oth and 8th 9th and 12th , Ilird

10 ' 13 ' "IF*-

279

Cavaliy Brigade, in accordance >vith the orders which they had
received, concentrated at Coinces by way of G^migny and St.
Sigismond, and from thence, after a difficult march along bad
roads, reached Artenay at midnight through Sougy. The 3rd
Cavahy Brigade and the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade, after first
ensming at St. Sigisraond the reti*eat of the right wing, joined
the Bavarian troops at St. Peravy, and placed outposts towards
the west. Further to the north, on the road to Patay, the artil-
leiy reserve with the 2nd Rifle battalion acting as its escort, was
placed under shelter. The 3rd Bavaiian Brigade assembled at the
northern border of Montpipeau wood and, with the 5th Cavalry
Brigade* reinforced by the 4th Clievauxlegers, formed the
common rearguard of the Coi-ps. The former took post between
St. Sigismond and Gemicny ; the latter observed from Vauri-
chard the enemy opposed to it, and drove in by the fire of a
Bavarian battery attached to it some French detachments which
were endeavomnnff to advance from Coulmiers and Oiineteau.
As the adversary did not cross the line between Coulmiers and
Champs, the German rearguard occupied bivouacs at G6migny
and St. Sigismond that evening, with outposts thrown out
between the Bois du Buisson and Champs.

The garrison of Orieansf had moved oiF in the forenoon for
St. Ay when the thunder of the cannonade commenced, and
there came across some weak French outposts, which retired
after a brief skirmish. During the fuitlier advance to Chateau
Prefort it became known that the 3rd Brigade had already quitted
that neighbomhood. As shortly afterwards a cavalry patrol
sent by way of Huisseau on the rear of the French brought in
news of the state of the engagement, and an order received at
4.30 p.m. from the Corps Commander summoned the detachment
to retire without delay through Ormes to St. Peravy, it took the
latter direction in order to rejoin the Corps. With the excep-
tion of two field hospitals, which remained behind at Orleans
-with those of the sicK and woimded who were unable to bear
vemoval.J all the trains, more particularly the commissariat and
railway waggons filled "with magazine supplies, were removed
to Touiy in the evening.

In the action at Coulmiera 20,000 Gennans with 110 guns
had been engaged against 70,000 French with 150 guns; the
losses on the former side amounted to about 800, on the latter
side, according to report, to 1,500 men.§

* Of the latter, the 4th HuBsan had been sent on in front to Aitenay, in order to
c5eort the trains during their march to Tourj.

t See Part II, p. 270.

t About 450 men were in this wi^se made prisoners of war.

§ With regard to the losses of the GermanB, see Appendix XC. The 16th Frendi
Corps, according to the stotemcnt in General Chanzy's work, alone lost 1,250 men.

280

General v. d. Tann, vrho had proceeded to St. P^ravy on the
evening of the 9th, ordered the troops between Patay and
Gemigny, after a short rest, to continue their march during the
night. Along roads so sodden with snow and rain that the
bottom could not bo felt, the troops reached at daybreak the
neighbourhood of Artenay, where the 1st Bavarian Division
had already taken up a position of suppoi-t, and the garrison
of Orleans, which had retreated from Prefort through Cercottes,
also rejoined the Division. On the morning of the 10th No-
vember the Germans, leaving a strong rearguard at Artenay,*
continued the march to Toury. The latter followed to the
same place in the course of the day, as it turned out that the
enemy had not advanced far beyond the battle-field. The
two Divisions, which had left Charti'es to support the 1st
Bavarian Corps, and had reached on the 9th a pomt abreast of
Voves, with a cavalry brigade beyond Orgferes, took likewise
liie direction of Toury, in consequence of the news that the
Germans had retired upon that place.

On the evening of the 10th November the 1st Bavarian
Corps was closely concentrated in quarters roimd Tourj", its
advanced guard composed of the 3rd Infantry Brigade, the 4th
Chevauxlegers. and the 5th Prussian Cavalry Brigade, being at
Tivemon: further on the right was the Bavarian Cuirassier
Brigade, in close communication with the 22nd Infantry
Division at Janville. On the left flank of this position the
greater part of the 2nd Cavalry Division watched from Outar-
ville in the direction of Pithiviers and the forest of Orleans,
whilst on the right flank the 4th Cavalry Division obseived
from Allaines the district lying to the west and south-west.
The fusilier battalion 32nd Regiment, in conjunction with a
Bavarian 12- pr. battery, held the important position of Chartres.
On the French side the 1st Division of the loth Coips during
their march, commenced a few days before from Argent by way
of Chateauneuf towards Artenay, had been induced by the
thunder of artillery resounding from the west, to bend away to
the left at Trainou on the 9th November. The advanced guard
had at 6 p.m. reached the neighbourhood to the north-east of
Orldans, and that same evening occupied the town already
evacuated by the Bavarians.

As the French commander-in-chief after his success at Coiil-
miers was in expectation of a speedy counter-attack on the part
of the Gcimans, he caused the positions captured during the
struggle to be arranged for defence that same night. A detach-
ment of cavaliT sent forward to reconnoitre, on the morning of
the 10th, captm-ed at St. Peravy a Bavarian ammimition
column just moving oflf to Artenay. t Although General

* 2nd Bayarian Infantry Brigade, the Bayaiian CLiinttsicr Brigade, and the 4tli
]?ru88ian Caralrr Brigade.

t In all 88 men, 110 hones, 21 ammunition waggouB, and 2 reserre guns foU into
the hands of the French. The commander of the column and the moimted non«

281

d'Anrelle in the course of the day received definite news of the
further retreat of the Germane, he still thought that, in view
of the impending arrival of the army previously investing Metz,
he must renounce all further pmnsuit. The Army of the Loire
consequently occupied an extensive position to the north of
Orltons, which remained in the occupation of a Brigade of
the 15th Corps, On either side of the road to Paris stood in
front line to the north of the forest the Ist Division of the above-
mentioned Coi^ps at Neuville aux Bois and Ch(5villy ; the 2nd
Division was at Cercottes and Gidy ; on its left, at Boulay and
St. Peravy, on the road to Chateaudun, the 16th Corps ; behind
the latter, between Buoy St. Liphard and Coulmiei's, the 3rd
Division of the 15th. The cavalry covered in the neighbour^
hood of Toumoisis the left flank of the anny.

When the news of the issue of the engagement at Coulmiers
reached the head-quarters of His Majesty uxe King on the 10th
November, the Ilnd Army received orders by telegraph to
hasten their forward movement, and reach Fontainebleau with
the IXth Corps on the 14th November. The head-quarters
of the Illrd Army desired the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg
Schwerin to concentrate the troops under his orders, to pro-
ceed in peraon to Angerville, and there await the develop-
ment of affairs. The Grand Duke ordered in consequence the
17 th Division, which had just reached St. Amoult on its march
to the Loir, to bend away to Angerville, where its advanced
parties arrived on the 11th November, and the rest of its
troops on the following day. The cavahy brigade with the
two horse artillery batteries, were pushed forward abreast of
Santilly to reinforce the Bavarians, and for that purpose the Ist
Body Guard Cuirassiers was assigned to the 17th Division.
The 22nd Division extended as far as AUaines, the 4th Cavahy
Division as far as the neighbourhood of Ymonville, whilst the
1st Bavarian Corps and the 2nd Cavalry Division remained in
their previous quarters round Toury and Outarville. To the
west of this position of readiness taken up on the 12th Novem-
ber, the 6th Cavalry Division had advanced from Maiutenon to
Chartres, and formed connection with two squadrons of the 4th
dispatched to Yillars.

In front of the German left iving strong detachments of
French troops had moved forward on the llth in the direction
of Pithiviers and Toury, but had again retired southward in
the afternoon. Patrols of the 4th Cavalry Division found
Artenay and likewise Bonneval on the Loir occupied by the
enemy ; on the other hand, the intermediate villages, Orgeres.
and even Patay, were still clear of the foe. On the follo^ving day
no French troops showed themselves to the north of the forest of
Orleans ; some detachments pushed forward by way of Patay to

commissioned officers alone succeeded in escaping. 74 men of the Body Guard resi-
ment were also left exhausted during the night march through Cercottes and were
made prisoners.

282

Or^eres, as Bpeedily wdthdi-ew before the advauce of the 5th
Cuirassiers. The adversary now displayed greater quietness on
the Upper Loir and on the Eiu-e ; Bonneval and lUiers had re-
ceived permanent ganisons ; patrols of the 6th Cavalry Di\"i«
sion met with franctireui-s and Gardes Mobiles on this side of
Courville. and also further to the noi-th at Dreux.

The Grand Duke inferred from what was taking place, but more
particularly from the conspicuous inactivity of the enen)y at
Orleans, that the Army of the Loire had moved away to the
lelt, and, in concert with the French troops on the Lower
Eure and Seine, intended to attack the army investing Pciris.
He therefore resolved, after lea\'ing the 2nd Cavalry Division at
Toury, to move with the main body to the neighbourhood of
Chartres, with a view to being able to oppose the French from
thence in good time, should they advance either from Orleans
or from the direction of Le Mans. This movement to the right
in a north-westerly direction was at once commenced. On the
13th November the 17th Division marched to Auncau, the 22nd
to AUonnes, the 1st Bavarian Corps T\ath the 17th Cavalry Bri-
gade to Ymonville, the 4th Cavahy Di\'ision to Voves; the
Grand Duke's head-quarters still remained at -/Vngerville. Fresh
reconnaissances meanwhile led to an unexpected result;
whilst the enemv on the Upper Loir showed himself on this
occasion in small force, and advanced detachments were even
again withdrawn, movements of troops were observed to the
north of Artenay before the front of the 2nd Cavahy Divi-
sion; behind these were seen large encampments at Che villy,
and French cavalry on this side of the forest of Orleans,
especially at Villereau and Aschferes. From Versailles a com-
munication arrived that, as far as could be foreseen, tlie IXth
Corps would, in the com-se of a few days, be ready to support
the Grand Duke's troops, and that offensive movements should
be deferred until then. Under these circunistancus the Grand
Duke caused the 22nd Division to continue its march alone to
Chartres, while the rest of the troops were to retain their pre-
sent positions. The repoi-ts of the three Cavalry Divisions
reconnoitring in the du-ection of Orleans, the Conic Brook, and
the Loir, showed no important change in the state of aSaiis
there on the 1-lth November,

On this day, however, a further pu.shing forward of the
French from the middle Eure in the direction of Versailles
}nade itself apparent. Patrols of the Gth Cavalry Division
t)bservcd troops of the line marching from Courville to Dreux.
On the east bank of the river, in (/herisy and at Bu, which lies
in front of the left wing of the 5th Cavalry Division, Gardes
Mobiles and franctii-em-s showed themselves. The horse artillery
battery belonging to the 11th Cavahy Brigade which had ad-
vanced from Houdan cannonaded, it is true, the latter place ;*

• Of the 5lh Cavalry Division, there ircrc in front line the 11th Brigade, with
the 1st llorsc Artillery battery ITth Amiy Corps at Houdan, the 13th Brigade at
ilantes, with the 12th' Brigade in rcor at St. Q-ermain en Lave.

283

the enemy did not abandon it, but on his side brought up
reinforcements, and directed a vigorous cannonade upon the
Germans. As according to the statements of the inhabi-
tants some 12,000 French infantry, with eight squadrons and
eight batteries, were said to be assembled in that neighbour-
hood, the 11th Cavahy Brigade now took up a fresh position
to the north of Houdan on the Mantes road.

On the news of these proceedings the supreme authorities at
once took precautions to support the 5th Cavahy Division.
On the 15th November five battalions of the 2nd Guard
Landwehr Brigade, with the 2nd heavy reserve battery oi
the Guard, moved oflf from the Argenteuil Peninsula to
Neauphle. At the same time the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg
deployed his main forces with their front towards the north-
west, in order to cover the investment of Paris, keeping fast
the 22nd Infantry Division and the 6th Cavalry Division at
Chartres, c^uartering the 1st Bavarian Corps on the Voise Brook,
on either side of the road from Chartres to Ablis, and bringing
forward the 17th Division from Anneau to RambouiUet. The
2nd and 4th Cavalry Divisions continued their observations
towards the south and south-west from the neighboturhood of
Touiy and Voves.

On tliis day as well all observations pointed to the impending
attack of the enemy from the west. Although the 5th Cavalry
Division was not munediately molested, movements of troops
again took place between Dreux and Bu ; the German cavalry
reconnoitring on the east bank of the Eure were fired upon
by Gardes Mobiles who were occupying the heights between
Gheiisy and Yillemeux. The reconnaissances of the 6th Cavalry
Division from Chartres towards the road from Brou to Nogent-
le-Rotrou were met to the north of it by French infantry;

Eatrols of the 4th Cavaliy Division also encountered strong
ostile forces at Bonneval and Moriers.

Although in this way no success had up to the middle of
November attended the endeavours to gain a clear idea of the

Bositions and intentions of the adversary, the 2nd Cavalrv
division on the other hand now opened communication with
the leading troops of the IXth Army Corps advancing from the
oast.

Piince Frederick Charles had in consequence of a telegram
received on the 10th November from Versailles, which informed
him of the advance of the enemy by way of Orleans, caused the
last-mentioned Corps and the 1st Cavalry Division to move away
by forced marches from Troyes to Fontainebleau. The Ilird
Corps was assigned the direction from Vendeuvre by way of
Sens to Nemours, the Xth that from Chaumont, by way of
Chatillon-sur-Seine, to Joigny. Although under present circiun-
stances the idea had to be abandoned of dispatching troops to
Chalon-sur-Saone and Bourges, as previously intended, it was
still possible to cause the somewhat refused left wing of the
army to play an effective part as well on the south bank of the

284

Loire, a contingency which was still kept in view by the supreme
authorities.*

The right wing of the army found on its march to Fontaine-
bleau the roads much obstructed by obstacles, which, however,
were removed by the advanced guard, with the aid of the
inhabitants, so rapidly that they caused no delay to the ad-
vancing columns. No active hostilities occurred until the 11th
November whilst crossing the woods south of Estissac, where
some armed bands were dispersed without difficulty, and during
the night of the 13tli-14th at Nemours, where some franctireurs
succeeded in surprising a patrol of the 4th Lancers. On the
last-named date the IXth Corps entered Fontainebleau in ac-
cordance with its instructions, wnilst its advanced guard and the
1st Cavalry Division spread themselves out on the fmlher side
of the forest-t Li consequence of an order received in the evening
from Versailles both of these bodies of troops made on the
15th November another day*s march in a westerly direction ;
thev thereupon occupied quarters in the neighbourhood of
Milly, and threw a strong advanced g^ard across the Essonne
brook. At the same time the Illrd Army Coips struck with its
advanced parties the Yonne at Sens, whither the army head-

2uartei*s also proceeded. The Xth stood this day between the
burgundy Canal and the Upper Seine, at Laignes and Chatillon.
The troops of the Ilnd Corps marching along the road from
Vitiy-le-Fran9ais by way of Sezanne, were to reach Corbeil on
the 18th November. Troyes, the present head-quai'tei'S of the
Laspector-General of Etappen, formed at the same time a pro-
visional dep6t for men left behind from foot sores, for the
superfluous horses of the cavalry and empty commissariat
waggons.

For the protection of the rearward communications, more par-
ticularly of the railways leading westward from Blesme, by
way of Chaumont, half the 20th Division liad been appointed.^
It had received orders to observe from Chaumont the fortress of
Langi'es, to form connection with the XlVth Army Coi'ps, and,
if necessary, to support the latter.

* Q«neral Count v. Moltke expreMed thifl in a letter despatched at the tame time
with the telegram just mentionca, and which contained details with regard to the
adrancc of the Loire Army and the measures which had been taken up to tliat time.

f The 18th Division with the Corps Artiilery in Morct ; the Corps head-quarters
and half the 2oth Division in Fontainebleau ; the 48th Brigade with the 2nd heavy
and drd light batteries (Grand Duke of Hesse) with the 1st Caralrr Division in
Chapelle la Reine, Milly, and near Couranoes.

J 40lh Infantry Brigade, -flli^ii^, 4th light and 4th heavy batteries under

16th Dragoons

the divisional commander, Oeneral v. Kraatz-Koschlau. This was the detachment

reinforced by a squadron and a battery, which had reached Keiifch&teau, on the

10th November, when moving up from the neighbourhood of Metz. See Part II,

p. 260.

285

Events at Sea since the beginning op September. Review
OP THE Positions op the German Army in the middle
OP November.

The resolution consistently carried out by the RepubUcan
authorities to employ all the forces of France for the defence and
relief of the capital, necessarily exercised a paralysing influence
on the action of the Fleet. For some time past a large number
of sailors had been withdrawn from ships and harbour duties,
in order to be added to the garrison of Paris, or to be enrolled
in the new field armies.

The Fleet under Vice- Admiral Fourichon, which had appeared
towards the middle of August off the German coast, in the North
Sea, and since that time had been mostly lying at anchor in the
neighbourhood of HeUgoland, had on the lOth and 1 1 th September,
steamed away for Cherbourg, in divisions. When, tnerefore^
on the last-named date, the three iron-clad frigates of the German
Jade squadron were reconnoitring towards that island, they
found the enemy gone. Neither did the French Baltic fleet
remain very long in German waters.* Admiral Count Bouet-
Willaumez, on receipt of the news of the events at Sedan, on the
5th September, had assembled his ships in the Great Belt, but
some days after received orders to recommence hostiUties. He
in consequence divided his fleet on the 13th September, as
before, into two squadrons,*)* of which the eastern was appointed
to attack Kolberg, but was overtaken at Arkona by a north-
easterly gale, and now returned to Kjoge Bay with its mission
unaccomplished. The entire French Baltic Fleet, having here-
upon withdrawn to Lan^eland, proceeded under way for Cher-
boturg, in accordance with instructions received, and hove in
sight of the German coast, to the south of Heligoland, on the
26th September. The disappearance of the adversary from
the Baltic was confirmed on tne very day of his departure by
the Prussian reconnoitring vessels " Holsatia," ** Grille," and
"Nymphe," which proceeded to both the Belts and to the
Sound. On the 28th September navigation was again opened^t

Since that time no French man-of-war a^ain appeared in the
Baltic. On the other hand the adversary cruised in the North Sea,
alternately from Cherboui'g and Dunkirk,§ apparently with the
sole object of observing the ships of war in the Jade, and pre-

* Since putting to sea in July (see Part I, Vol. I, p. 79), it had been reinforced
bj 3 despatch boats, and therefore now consisted of 6 ironclads, 1 turret ship, and
4 other ships. The North Sea fleet numbered 8 ironclads and 4 other ships.

t See Part I, VoL II, p. 421.

t The harbour barriers laid by the Germans (see inter aUa, Port I, YoL II, p. 421),
were not remored, but kept open during the day.

§ In place of Admirals Fourichon and Count BouSt-Willaumez, of whom the
former, in consequence of his appointment as Minister of Marine, hod proceeded on
the 16th September to Tours (see Part II, p- 21), and the latter had given up his
command in consequence of ill-health, Admirals Count do Guejdon and Penhoat
had succeeded to the command.

286

venting them from coming out. Both French fleets from the
the commencement found their activity much impeded by un-
favourable weather ; and even the German gunboats lying in
front of the harbours on outpost duty were scarcely able to hold
then* ground dmiiig the gales, although in the channels between
the sandbanks they were somewhat more protected against
wind and seas.

In consequence of the advanced period of the year, no attack
on the part of the enemy need now be expected. The works
of fortification on the German coasts were nevertheless pro-
secuted without interruption ; at the same time the men-of-war
in the Baltic were, in agreement with the present state of
affairs, partly placed out of commission, and partly brought to
the North Sea, in accordance with their original destination.*
The spar-decked corvette "Elizabeth," the steam yacht "Grille,"
and some gunboats reached the Jade on the 9th October,
without sighting a Frenoh ship. As the adversary remained
for the most part abreast of Heligoland and seldom approached
the coast, a pontoon-dock from Tbnning, intended for Wilhelms-
haven, succeeded in reaching that phu'c -without misad-
ventm-e. The crew of the flush-decked corvette "N}Tnphe,"
placed out of commission at Dantzig, served to man the sister-
ship "Augusta," capable of much gi-eater speed, which was
then to cruise in the Atlantic Ocean for tlie pui'pose of prevent-
ing, as far as possible, the extensive shipments of amis from
America and England to France.

In the West Indian waters there occurred at this time a naval
engagement between two small men-of-war. The Gennan gun-
boat " Meteor," which had been lying there since the end oftiie
previous year, under the command of Captain-Lieutenant Knon*,
on receipt of the news of the outbreak of hostilities in August,
1870, had proceeded from the coast of Venezuela by wav of
Kingston, m Jamaica, to Key West, in Florida, and there
awaited the close of the stormy season, as from its constniction
the vessel was only suited for coasting duties. The gmiboat
having again put to sea on the 6th November, reached on the
morning of the 7th the harbour of Havanna, wherein imme-
diately afteriJvardR the French despatch-boat "Bouvet" cast
anchor. As the Spanish authorities desii'ed to maintain the
neutrality of the harbour, the "Meteor" steamed again in the
afternoon into the open sea, for the purpose of challenging the
adversary to an engagement, in spite of the latter s superiority .f
The " Bouvet '' did not, however, follow, and on the evening
of the Prussian naval officer's return to the harbour it was
notified to him by the Spanish authorities that he must not
move out again until twenty-four hours had elapsed after the

• See Part I, Vol. I, p. 79, and Appendix No. IV.

t The Ist Class ^uboat, " Meteor," was armed with one 15 cm. and two 12 cm.
rifled j^ns, cn^ncs of 80 horse-power, and a crew of 64 men. The " Bouret," on
the other hand, was armed with one 16 cm., four 12 cm. rifled ^ns, and four swirel
guns ; its engines were 150 horse-power, and its crew numbered 85 men.

287

departure of the enemy's ship. This latter quitted the harbom*
on the 8th at noon. On the 9th, at the Rume hour, the
" Meteor" weighed anchor, in order to seek for the adversary,
who, shortly after, hove in sight to the northward. The
"Meteor" having now opened the cannonade at 1,200 paces,
a brisk engagement which lasted for two hours commenced
at 2.30 p.m. between the two men-of-war, mider a stonuy sky
and an increasing north-easterly breeze. During that period
the adversary, by a sudden ttun, endeavoured to nuu and
sink the gunboat. The latter, by a skilful movement, suc-
ceeded in defeating the enemy's intention, and pi'epared at the
same time to board her. The ships, however, met one another
at so fine an angle that they were only in contact for a
second, and swept by in opposite directions under a vigorous
musketry and artillery fire. The gunboat, in its collision ^vith
its more strongly-bmlt adversary, had suffered no httle injury,
more particularly by the fall overboard of the main and mizzen
masts, but by means of a well-placed shell had so damaged one
of the '^Bouvet's" boilers that she hastily set sail and steered
for the harbour. The " Meteor," detained only a short time by
her own damages, followed the enemy at full speed, but was
unable to overtake her outside the zone of neutral waters.
Just on reaching the latter, the signal-^hot of a Spanisli man-
of-war, which had meanwhile appeared on the scene, put an
end to the struggle towards 5 p.m. The " Meteor," on board of
which a steersman and a sailor had been killed and another
sailor badly wounded, was then brought back into harbour to
repair damages.

With the exception of this isolated engagement, honourable ecH
it was for the newly-bom North German navy, the proceedings
of the adversary at sea, after the beginning of September, pre-
cluded during the remainder of the war any active engagements
between the two fleets. On the other hand, in the theatre of
war in France, the situation of affairs which had supervened in
the middle of November, forced on fresh decisions of arms. At
this time, as a retrospect of the previous narrative will show,
the German troops were distributed as follows: —

In the line of mvestment before Paris no important changes
had taken place since the end of October.* Of the Divisions of
the Ilnd Corps which had recentlv arrived there as reinforce-
ments, one was in rear of the south section at Massy, the other
in the south-eastern, between the Seine and the Mariie. The
17th Division had been withdrawn from the latter and joined
the force which, deputed to watch towards the south and south-
west, was fronting Dreux at this time between Kambouillct and
Chartres, and likewise was watching with two Cavahy Divisions
at Voves and Toury the country between the Upper Loir and
the forest of Orleans. A rather scanty protection towards the
side of Normandy and Picardy was afforded at this time on the

'* See Part II, p. 173-4.

28^s

left bank of tlu* Seine by the brigades of the 5tli Cavaliy Divi-
sion abreast of Mantes, and by a Landwehr Brigade of the
Guard just despatched to Neauphle in support; and on the
right bank of tlie Seine l)y the troops of the Army of the Mouse
pradually pushed forward since the end of Septem])er across the
Oise.

For the efficient protection of the army standinp^ in fi-ont of
the French capital a. chains t attempts on the part of the enemy
to reUeve it, the armies which were no longer required at Metz
were now in the act of advancing. The main body of the
Ist Army at Reims and Rethel was now preparing for a further
advance westward, whilst other parts of it were making pre-
parations for captming the fortresses of La Fere, Mezderes,
j\iontmedy, and Thionville. One Division was still held in
readiness at Metz for other duties. The Ilnd Army had crossed
the Upper Seine and Yonne at Fontainebleau, Sens, and
Chatillon, and already established connection between its right
wing and the cavalry reconnoitring towards the forest of Orleans.
\ brigade left in rear of the left wing watched from Chaumont
tlie fortress of Langies. South of this point the XlVth Army
Coi-ps had concentrated between the Saone and the Cote d' Or
Moimtains. The 4th Reserve Division, which had moved off
ti(»m Upper Alsace for Vesoul, just reached the neighbourhood
north of Belfort, which was meanwhile invested l)y the 1st
Reserve Division, and was now to be besieged.

In rear of the four Geniian armies, there were, in the first
place, the few Etappen troops remaining to them. The com-
batant forces of the three Governments-General, which had
increased to a considerable effective, secured the communica-
tions with Germany further in rear, by occupying chiefly the
more important places on the lines of railway and the capttired
fortresses*. In tno rayon of the Government-General of Alsace,
a detachment thrown out towards Pfalzburg protected against
the enterprises of the enemy from this fortress the only railway
available for forwarding stores to the Ilird Army. A smaller
})Ost stood in front of the more distant fortress of Bitsch.
Although the restoration of traffic along the railways in the
interior of France had been expedited oy the Germans with
all possible zeal, yet all the arteries of communication leading
thitnor from the home districts converged along that portion
of the line fi'om Frouard to Blesme and Chalons sur Mame,
bocauKC the Ardennes fortresses on the right, Belfort and
Langres on the left, were still in the adveraaiy's hands. In-
structions issued on the 4th November from the Royal head-
<]uarter^!, based on the average requirements of the different
armies, regulated the use in common of that poi-tioji of the
railway.

** Of tlio French fortresses, small and great, the following irerc in the possession
o? the Ghermans : Lutzelstcin. Lichteuberg, Marsol, Vitrj le Fran^ais, Sedan, Laon,
T }\\\, StTHMbnrg, Soij*»on9. Srlilottfttadt, Metz. Verdun, and Xcu-Breisacli.

289

Opposed to the broadly-deployed main front of the German
army, the lev^e en masse of the French Republic, "which had taken

Slace in the entire district between Orleans and Amiens, became
aily more threatening to the investment of Paris. The success
recently ^ined at Coulmiers had certainly not yet been reaped
to the full. In view of the prospective advance of the Ist and
Ilnd Armies, the immediate future would show how far the
superior forces hastily thrown together by the enemy were
rapable of holding the field against an inferior number of tmined
troops, already tested in numerous engagements and commanded
bv tried leadeiTj.

I 2

291

Occurrences on the Theatre of War in Central France
ITP to the Re-occupation of Orleans by the Germans,

FnooBSDnroa op the IIxd Ansi y avd of the Troops uyDSA the

Gbamd Duke of MECELEXDrRG-ScnwEBiN.*

(IGtii-28tu Novbubbb.)

The proceedings of the French Army of the Loire after the The Ilnd
engagement at Coulmiers had led the Gennan Head-quarters gJ^^x^^-^*'
Staff to beUeve that that army would unite ^vith the troops "^ *^

assembled at Nogent le Rotrou and behind the Eure, and after
this junction press forward from the west towards Paris. To
meet any enterprise of this nature, there were alone avail-
able in the first instance the weak German forces which had
been thrown forward on the left bank of the Seine, in the
direction of Dreux, For their support, it is true, there was in
readiness between Chartres and Kambouillet the bulk of the
Detachment under the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin ;
but, at the same time, upon this last body of troops devolved tho
duty of preventing any possible hostile advance from Orleans
against the southern line of investment round Paris.t

The arrival of the Ilnd Anny on the Upper Seine and Yonne
gave a favourable turn to the existing state of affairs. On the 15th
November, His Majesty the King ordered the force under the
Grand Duke to ^ive for the present its undivided attention to
protecting the investing troops towards the west as far as tho
Chdteaudun road, wliile the Ilnd Army nhould be responsible
for the protection towards the south. General Count Moltke on
the same day communicated to the officer commanding this Army
that, for the present, this duty should be carried out on tho
defensive by the IXth Coinps, already posted at Fontainebleau,
but tliat an attack upon Orleans was desired as soon as circum-
stances would permit. In agreement 'wnth these instiiictions,
General v. Manstein received direct ordei^s from the royal head-
quart era. to oppose vrith the IXth Anny Coi-ps, the Ist and tho
2nd Cavalry Division, now likewise placed under his command,
any forward movement of the enemy's forces along the Orleans-
Paris road, and to open communication towards the west with
the Grand Duke's Detachment, to which an advance in the
direction of Chailres and Dreux had been assigned.

In accordance yviih these orders, the 1st Cavalry Division

* Appendix XCII contains tho Order of Battle of tlic Ilnd Army nnd of tho
Detachment under the Qrand Duke of Mccklenburt; for the loth Norembcr.
Appendix XCIII gives details of tho losses of these troops from the l.st Norembcr
to the 6th December. For the morcmcuts compare Uencml Map, No. 7.

t Boo Port II, pp. 281-8 and 287.

292

moYed forward on the 16tL November from Milly to the neigh-
bourhood of Pithiviers, and on the following day occupied
Zuarters on the old road to Orleans, abreast of the 2nd Cavahy
division left at Toury ; detachmente from both Divisions were
thrown out towards the wooded zone lying to the south. In
rear of the cavalry the IXth Army Corps reached Angerville
on the 17th November, where General v. Manstein received
orders from Prince Frederic Charles to remain in his present
position until the 20th, and as far as lay in his power procure
mteUigence with regard to the adversary's proceeoings. On the
last--mentioned date the Illrd Army Corps was to reach Pithi-
viers, and the Xth, Montargis. It was then the Prince's inten-
tion to advance upon Orleans with the two Corps of the
right wing, while the Xth was to take the direction of Bourges,
for which purpose six more Hessian squadrons were added to
this Corps.

Within the rayon of the Ilird Army Corps, the 6th Infantry
Division, after reaching Sens with the main body on the 16th
November, marched on the 17th by way of Ch6roy upon
Nemours. On the 18th the 5th Division took the road from
Sens by way of Ch&teau Landon, causing the Franctireurs
appearing on its left flank to retire in the direction of Mon-
targis. A detachment* sent from Sens to Passy, in conse-
quence of the hostile attitude of the population towards the
German patrols, found the road on the further side of this
village barred by Franctireurs, whose resistance had to be over-
come by force of arms. Other troopsf which, on the morning
of the 20th, moved forward from Ch&teau Landon towards
Nancray, and with their advance had already come into collision
with the enemy at Beaune la Rolando, forced their way,
indeed, into Nancray after a sharp skirmish, but withdrew
shortly after in the direction of Batilly, owing to the arrival
of stronger hostile columns from Chambon. When, later on,
the Germans on their side also brought up reinforcements to the
scone of action, Nancray was re-occupied by them, after that
Beaune had been previously cannonaded by some guns sent to
the front, and had been evacuated by the enemy. On the
Pithiviers-Orleans road, and to the west of it, German cavalry
patrols had fomid Santeau and Neuville aux Bois in the adver-
sary's occupation.

Both Divisions of the Ilird Corps reached Pithiviers and
Boynes on the 20th, and placed outposts towards the Forest of
Orleans, touching the 1st Cavalry Division. On the left wing
the reconnoitring detachment brought up from Nancray to
Egry took over the duties of watching towards Beaune and
Corbeilles.

1 a dirision of drogooui and two guns under Mojor Lehmann.

•I ' y j>^ » under Major t. Ilcjdebrecki this detachment
breast of the adranced guard of the 6th PiTiston.

293

Tho Xth Army Coi-ps, in accordance with prior instruc-
tions,* had meanwhile advanced from Chfttillon but Seine to
Joignj, after much molestation on the way from franctireurs,
national guards, and armed inhabitants, wlio from their lurking
places fired upon small detachments on the line of march or
as they took up their quarters. On the 18th November, the 38th
Brigade, when in front of Joigny, encountered such stubborn
resistance that all three arms had to be brought into action
before the enemy found it necessary to retreat upon Auxerre,
a principal rallying-point of the national armament in that
neighbourhood. At Joigny General v. Voigts-Rhetz received,
on the 19th, the order issued from army head-quarters three days
previously to the eflFect that the Corps should arrive at Montargis
on the 20th.t It was not, however, until the 21st that it reached,
with the leading troops, its prescribed destination, where also
the six Hessian squadrons appointed for its reinforcement had
arrived in the forenoon.

The enterprise undei*taken by the Cavalry Divisions and
separate detachments of the Ilird Corps, as also a personal
reconnaissance by Prince Frederic Charles, had meanwhile
proved beyond doubt that the enemy was holding in con-
siderable strength the long hue of some 35 miles between
Orgeres and Seaune la Kolande, by way of Dnmbron and
Chuleurs aux Bois; numerous watch-fires at Artenay, Creuzy,
and Chevilly revealed more particularly the presence of larger
bodies of troops on the road from Orleans to Paris. The
country people, prisoners, and deserters were unanimous, more-
over, in their assertions that the Army of the Loire, recently
reinforced by several Corps, was occupying an intrenched
position north of Orleans.

In view of these circumstances. Prince Frederic Charles
now resolved, in the first place, to concentrate tho IXth and
Ilird Corps on either side of the Orleans-Paris road, and at
the same time to bring up thither the Xth Corps. The three
united Corps were then, probably on the 26th November, to pass
to the attack of Orleans. At tho same time that all the intelli-
gence which had been received with regard to the enemy was
communicated to him, the Grand Duke oi Mecklenburg was
informed of this design, and was requested to advance with
the least possible delay upon Toui's, by way of Le Mans, in order
to cause the Army of the Loire to make detachments in this
direction.

On the 22nd November the right wing of the Ilnd Army
commenced the prescribed movement to the right. The IXth
Corps took up close quarters on the road from Toury to AUaines ;

• See Pttrt II, p. 283.

t The officer entrusted with carrying this order, who was accompimied hy a
detachmeot of infantry in carts, was only able to reach his destination with great
difficulty, after several bands of Franctireurs had been driven back by troops of the
Ilird Army Corps.

E 2

294

Detachment
of the Grand
Duke of
Mecklenburg
<16th to 28Lh
NoTember).

the villages hi firont were occupied by the 2nd Cavalry Division
reinforced by detachments of mfantiy. These were in contact
at Oison with the outposts of the Ilird Corps, and the 1st
Cavalry Division now attached to it. The 6th Infantry
Division marched to Bazoches les Gallerandcs, the 5th extended
from Boynes to Pithiviers.

Tlie Xth Army CorrpB closed up to Montargis on the 22nd
November; the 2nd squadron 9tli Dragoons, despatched to
Chiitillon sur Loiug, dispersed there some Gardes Mobiles coming
from Gien. Next day General v. Voigts-Rhetz, with the 38th
Brigade and the Hessian squadrons, arrived at Beaune la Rolando
by way of Ladon ; the rest of the Corps remained in Montargis,
throwing forward strong detachments to the passages of the
Orleans canal. Cavalry patrols found Bellegarde occupied by
French infantry of the line, who, according to the statements of
the inhabitants, could only have arrived there a few hours
before, whilst it was said that on tlie previous day there were
still 25,000 men in Lorris, and 80,000, with a large force of
artillery, had advanced along the road from Gien towards
Montargis.

A\'hilst the advereaiy thus appeared to be concentrating
considerable bodies of troops on his right wing, patrols of the
2nd CJavalry Division had, on the other hand, remarked for some
days past movements of French columns from Santilly in a
westerly direction. Officers, who were reconnoitring on the 23rd
towards the Orleans-Chatcaudun road, came across strong detach-
ments of the enemy at the passages of the La Conie stream.

The doubts hereby raised at the head-quarters of the Ilnd
Anny as to the enemy's intentions were shortly set at rest by a
communication from the royal head-quarters. Here had arrived
on the 22nd the repoi't of General v. Werder, that towards
the middle of the month a French Corps had been transported
by rail from the Lower Saoue to the west. As also other intelli-
gence now forthcoming led to the presumption that the adversary
was collecting considerable forces on the Loire, and it there-
fore appeared desirable to employ all available forces in this
du-ection, orders were sent bv telegraph to the Grand Duke of
Mecklenburg, to advance without delay -with his Detachment to
Beaugency, for the purpose of giving battle, in conjunction with
the Ilnd Army, to the enemy posted at Orleans. Prince Frederic
Charles, who was informed of these an-angements on the evening
of the 23rd, resolved, under existing circumstances, to await
for the moment the arrival of the Grand Duke's Detachment.

The Grand Duke, after receiving, on the 16th November,
the instructions based on the orders at that time issued by His
Majesty the King,* had alrciidy transfen-cd his head-quarters to
No'gent le Koi ; there and in Maintenon was the 17th Division, the
command of which had been given to Lieutenant-Gen eral v.
Tresckow.t The 22nd Infantry Division and the 6th Cavalry

• See Part II, p. 291.

t In lieu of Licut.-Gencral v. Schimmelxnann, inyalided.

295

Division were at Chartres, the let Bavarian Corps at Gallardon •
the 4th Cavalry Division had moved up to iulonnes, on the
Artenay-Chai-tres road. As the patrols sent forward had found
the district between tlie Eure and Blaise, to the south of Dreux,
in the enemy s occupation, the 17th Division received orders
to advance next day along the western bank of the Eure, against
the last-named town. In order to protect the left flank and rear
oftliifl movement, the 22nd Division was to occupy from Chartres
the passages of the Blaise, ui the neighbourhood of Fontaine les
Ribouts; while the Ist Bavarian Corps was to post itself as
reserve at St. Chcron. The <)th Cavalry Division received
insti-uctions to push forward a l>rigade on each of the roads
leading to Chateauneuf and Nugent le Rotrou, whilst the 4tli
was to take over the duties of watching in the direction of
Illiers and Bonneval, and the 5th Cavalry Division, likewise
attached to the Detachment, was to move by way of Houdan,
towards Dreux.

On the enemy's side at this time, the villages of Trcon and
Gamay, in the Blaise valley, were each occupied by a battalion
of Garde Mobile, and detachments were thrown forward into the
Imbermais wood ; a battalion guarded the district between the
Blaise and the road from Dreux to Chartres, on wliich were
posted two companies of marines. The left wing of the French
troops at that point, consisting of some two and a half battalions,
moved from Nuisement to Luray, and thence along the Eure as
far as St. Gemme.

On the morning of the 17th November, the 17th Infantry
Division commenced its forward movement to Dreux. Between
1 and 2 o'clock in the afternoon its advanced guard* came
into collision at Luray with the enemy, who, however, after a
few rounds from the German ai-tillery, retired to a copse lying
nearer to Dreux. To the left of the advanced guard the 3rd
Horse Artillery Battery, attached to the 17th Cavalry Brigade,
had repulsed, at Blainville, a succession of attacks made by
French infantry from Nuisement, and maintained a fire for some
time upon this village. The ord Battalion 89th Regiment,
which had been meanwhile sent forward to support the Cavalry
Brigade, carried Nuisement at the first rush, and afterwards, from
the further border of the village, in conjunction with a rifle
company of the advanced guard, deployea further to the right,
directed its fire upon the copse lying to the north, which the
defendei*s, after a proti*acted skirmish, likewise abandoned at
3 o'clock. St. Gemme, where the enemy once more offered resist-
ance, also fell towai'ds evening into the hands of the Germans^
after the 5th Light Battery had effectively cannonaded this
village from St. Denis.

At the very commencement of the engagement, in the

• ^-^!^^^ Uth Rmc, ono dirbion of the Uth Ian., 5th & 6th light batterict
u nder Colonel r. Manteuffel.

S96

neighbourhood of Luray, a strong detachment* from the main
body of the 17th Division had been despatched against the
French troops perceived on the left flank. A battahon of Oarde
Mobile, which had hastened forward in consequence from Tr^on
to Imbermais, had. it is true, received the advancing skirmiBhers
with a vigorous fire, but withdrew shortly after partly into
the wood in rear, and partly to Tr6on. The 9th and 12th Com-
panies 76th Regiment captured this place, and directed their
attack upon the south-west border of the wood, which the other
companies sun*ounded from Imbermais and from the east. After
the hoi-se artillery batterv had then set Chamblean ablaze with
its shells, the Gardes Mooiles commenced their further retreat
through Garnay.

General v. Tresckow had meanwhile advanced with the
rest of the main body along the road from Chartres towards
Dreux, and, by means of the guns, had driven the companies
of marines there posted out of the small wood lying to the
south of St. ]\lartui. AVitliout fiirther opposition the 17th
Division then reached Dreux, whence it threw forward detach-
ments to the left bank of the Blaise.

The loss in the above actions amounted, on the German side,
to about 50 men ; on the Freuch, to about 200 men, inclusive of
50 prisoners.

On the left flank of the Grand Duke's Detachment the troops
under Lieutenant-Colonel Marty ,t posted at Senonches, had, on
the news of the advance of the Germans towards Dreux, occupied
the extensive woods on either side of Ch&teauneuf With the
detachments present to the north of that town came into collision,
on the afternoon of the 17th, the advanced troops of the 22nd Divi-
sion, which, leaving behind a battahon and a Bavarian battery,
had quitted Chartres at 8 that morning. The adversary, however,
only oftered a short resistance at L^vaville St. Sauveur. At
5 p.ni. the Division occupied quarters in BouUay and Marville les
Bois, with outposts towards the Blaise and Ch&teauneuf. Further
on the right the 1st Bavarian Corps reached, without special inci-
dent, the positions assigned to it on the Chartres-Dreux road.

Both brigades of the 6th Cavalry Division had on this
day hkewise come into contact with the enemy: the 14th
at Chateaimeuf, with detachments which had been shelled
out of Thimert; the 15th further south, at Landelles.
Although two gims brought their fire to bear upon the last-
named place, and half a squadi'on of the IBtli Hussars,
skirmisliiug on foot, forced their way into the interior from the
eastward, the adversary did not entirely withdraw from the
village until later in the night, after it had been further cannon-
aded dm-ing the evening by the battery of horse artillery.
Another squadron of hussars had meanwhile repulsed the attack

• Fus. 2nd and 3r(l 8rd and 4tli j 1st Horee Arty. Battery.

"76"' b\) ' 11th Lan. ' IX

t See Part II, p. 263.

297

of a hostile detachment out of the adjoining La Boelle. The
15th Cavalry Brigade passed the night in Courville and Flonville ;
the 14th in rear of the 22nd Division at Chene Chenu. The
4th Gavahy Division which had advanced from AUonnes, had
fallen in ^vith the enemy to the south of Chartres, and remained
in the neighbourhood of Thivars.

On the extreme right -wing of the Grand Duke's Detach-
ment the greater part of the 5th Cavalry Division had advanced
to Houdan,* where the 12th Cavalry Brigade, with four bat-
talions of Landwehr of the Guard, took up a position, and
maintained the connection vnth the 17th Inlantry Division.
The 11th Cavalry Brigade fell in with some Mobile and
National Guards at Richebourg, who, however, were compelled
to retreat by the fire of the 1st battalion 2nd Guard Grenadier
Landwehr Regiment, and the 1st Horse Ai-tillery Battery, 4th
Army Corps; in their retreat they were pai-tly cut down by
some pursuing divisions of the 13th Lancers.

The behaviour of the French on the 17th November, and
the reconnaissances carried out during that day, had shown
conclusively that the enemy had no very large force at his
disposal on the Eure; it was only at Iviy la Bataille that
there appeared to be largo concentrations of troops. The
Gi-and Duke therefore resolved, while leaving the 5th Cavalry
Division in the neighbourhood of Dreux, to advance in a
southerly direction upon Toura, in accordance -with the orders
from royal head-quarters, and disperse any hostile troops who
might be concentrating at Le Mans.

The 17th Infantry Division, accompanied on the left by the
17th Cavaliy Brigade, moved oflF on the forenoon of the 18th
November along the road to Brezolles, but only reached Laons,
as the roar of artillery resoimding from the south had caused it
to halt for a considerable time and send out reconnoitring
detachments.

The 22nd Division likewise failed to reach its prescribed des-
tination, La Loupe, as it encountered a vigorous resistance at
many points. The right -wing of the 44th Brigade.t advancing
towards Fontaine les Rebouts, met, at La Queue de Fontaine
Wood, some French detachments, which were driven back
through the dense wood and upon Tor9ay by the Ist and
Fusilier battaUons 94th Regiment. Althougn fresh troops were
there in readiness to support those in retreat, the place fell
into the hands of the Germans at the fii*st msh ; the enemy fied
in disorder, and with great loss, to the fiu'ther bank of the
Blaise. Simultaneously with this success the 83rd Regiment
had cleared the wood at St. Jean de Rebervilliei'S of stragglers.

The 32nd Regiment, which had meanwhile advanced at the
head of the 43rd Brigade through St. Sauvetu", had, after dis-
lodging a hostile detachment from Bijonnette, reached Ch&tcau-

* Tho 13th Brigade had romained at 3Iantes.
t 94th Begimeut, 3 iquadroni and 2 battehcf .

298

neuf, whenco the Grand Duke of Meoklenburg caused the
brigade to continue its inarch iu the direction of Dignj, so as
not to delay the movement of the Bavarians.

An advanced guard of the brigade,* formed anew in con-
sequence of these circumstances, took possession of Ardelies
after a few rounds of shell, at 4 p.m., but, coming under a heavy
musketiy fire at Digny, abstained from attacking this place, as
darkness had already fallen. The main body following in
rear had, moreover, met with French detachments at Chateau
Traineau, which threw themselves upon a companj'' advancing
towards the ch&teAU,but retired to the wood when reinforcements
came up on the German side. The 43rd Brigade and the 6th
Cavalry Division hereupon occupied bivouacs at Ardelies. The
44th Brigade reached Cliateauueuf at 8 p.m.

The 1st Bavarian Corps had anived at Ch&teauneuf in rear
of the 43rd Brigade, and then followed the latter on either aide
of the road as far as a point abreast of Ardelies. On receipt of
a report that the enemy was offering resistance at Digny,
General v, d. Tann, at 5 p.m., ordered the 13th Regiment,
"with half a squadron and a Imtteiy, to advance in that direc-
tion. This detachment occupied the farm buildings in front of
the place, and went into bivouacs at Le Tronchay Cordel.
Parts of the Ist Division, to wliich quarters on the west side of
Cliateamieuf Wood had been assigned, came into collision with
the adveiTSury there amid total darkness. After the 4th Rifle Bat-
talion had dislodged some 2,000 French from St. Maixme, the
latter, in their retreat through Jaudrais, were shortly put to hasty
flight by the fire of the 2nd Rifle Battalion ; some 260 men, a
large quantity of arms and aiiicles of equipment, fell at the
same time into the hands of the Bavarians. Other detach-
ments of Garde Mobile had again pressed forward in rear of the
Germans as far as the eastern border of the Chateauneuf Wood,
but had been diivcn from it by the 9th Rifle Battalion after a
slight engagement.

On the left flank of the Grand Duke's Detachment the 4th
Cavahy Division, dming then" advance from Thivars, had met
the enemy close in front of Bonneval and Iliiers, and had forced
him to retire by the fire of their artillerv. They were not,
however, successful in chiving him from ifliera, although that
place was cannonaded, and also attacked by two divisions of
dismounted chagoons. In the evening the Division withdrew
to No cent sur Euro and Dammaric.

After granting the troops a day's rest, the Grand Duke's
Detachment resumed its advance on the 20th November ; the
17tli Division reaulied Sunonclies, the 22nd La Loupe. The
Ist Bavarian Coi*jia, in consequence of a report from the 4th
Ccivalrv Division left at Nogent eur Eure that the adversary
was advancing from Bonneval and Iliiers upon Chailres, had

e l.-t 2n(1. 3nl. nm\ r>tli ,«., r- r\- \ i 5tli light battcir
^ — , — (otb Car. Divn.), and ^^,- '-,

299

taken a more southerly direction. The 2nd Division of thai
Corps reached Courville, and placed outposts towards March6-
ville and Olle ; the advanced guard of the 1st Division arrived
before Champrond en Gatine at 6 p.m^ but in consequence of
the falling darkness refrained from making an attack upon the
village, which was barricaded and occupied by French artillery
and infantry. Between the two Bavarian columns the 6th
Cavalry Division took up quarters in St. Denis des Puits.

Under the impression that on a further advance a serious
resistance on the part of the enemy might be expected, the
Grand Duke resolved to assemble on the following day the
22nd Division and the 1st Bavarian Corps between Conde sur
Huisne and Tliiron Gardais, and after bringing up the 17th
Division in rear of the right "wing to La Madeleine Bouvet, to
advance with united forces against Nogent le Rotrou. These
movements led into the Perche country, where the numerous
earthen walls and isolated farm buildings limit, to a very
important degree, the employment of cavalry and artillery, and,
on the other hand, offer great advantages to a population acting
on the defensive.

The advanced guard * of the 22nd Division, moving forward
from La Loupe, came into collision with a hostile line of skir-
mishers on the forenoon of the 2l8t November at La Haie Neuve ;
this was, however, driven back, but received support from other
troops at MouUn Neuf. At the issue of the road, which stretched
from thence along the Donnette valley, foiming a long and
narrow pass, the heights of Le Colombier were strongly occu-
pied, while ill the neiglibourhood of the Bretoncelles railway
station were posted four guns, which poured a vigorous fire
upon the leading German troops. -.Vfter the 2nd Battalion 83rd
Regiment had carried by storm a bamcaded railway arch, the
5th Light Battery, brought forward from the main body,
together with the greater part of the 3rd Heavy Battery, came
into action against Bretoncelles ; two guns of the latter were,
with considerable effort, brought on to the height north of the
road. AVhilst the 83rd Regiment, now on the right, limited
itself, for the time being, to a stationary action, the musketeer
battaUons 95th Regiment passed to the assault of La Colombier,
As this place was captured at 1 o*clock, and at the same time
the adversary's communications ^nth Nogent le Rotrou were
threatened by two companies advancing to La Criniere, he,
after a brief struggle, also abandoned the position at
Bretoncelles ; one gun fell at the same time into the bands of
the attacking party .f Tlie retreat of the adversary, which took
place in a west and south-west direction towards the L'Huisne
Valley, degenerated shortly into a disorderly flight under the
fire of the German artillery, The 22nd Division pursued in

* 83rd Regiment, 3 squadrons 13th Hussars, 3rd Iltavj Battery, Ist Field
Pioneer Compaoj.

TT *J

t "oT'i and some men of the 93th Begimont.

300

the direction of Nogent le Botrou as far as Rivraj, and then
occupied quarters in the neighbourhood of Brdtoncelles ; two
battaUous took over the duties of watching towards Begma-
lard.

In front of the Ist Bavarian Division the French, iu the night
of the 20th — ^2l8t, evacuated Champrond en Gatine, but
Bubse<}uently took up a fresh position at La Fourche. The
Bavarian advanced guard * deployed in the noon hour on either
side of the road leading to that place, and opened fire at a
distance of GOO paces upon the enemy under cover. Two
batteries of the 1st Brigade, which was brought forward by order
of the Divisional Commander, subsequently came into action on
the Les Barres heights ; the 2nd Rifle BattaHon advancing
against the Frencli left wing, quickly gained possession of the
fannsteads of Petite Yiv^e and La Tuilerie, compelled by an
effective file-fire the evacuation of an entrenchment on the road
to La Loupe, and then, in conjunction with the previous ad-
vanced guard, made an outfiankmg attack upon the adversary's
main position. The latter, without awaiting the collision, retired
into the L'Huisnc Valley and along the road to Nogent ; in the
retreat he was vigorously cannonaded by the Bavarian artillery
from a position at La Fourche, and pmmied close up to Nogent
by two squadrons of Chevauxlegers. The Body Guard Regi-
ment appointed to turn the French right flank had been so
delayed by the swampy meadows, and the dense wood south of
La Fourche, that it was unable to share in the deciding action.
The Bavarian Division now occupied bivouacs at La Fourche,
and also quarters at MaroUes and Coudreceau.

Meanwhile the 2nd Bavarian Division, with the Cuirassier
Brigade had moved off from Courville for Thiron Gardais, and,
with the advanced guard,t had repulsed the repeated forward
movements made by the enemy from Les Ferries. Under
the gradually augmented fire of the Bavarian Artillery
on Le Pai*c, the 2nd [BattaUon 10th Regiment following
the advanced guard, moved forward to the attack, whilst at the
same time three compcmies of the 7th Rifle BattaUon threw
themselves into La Tr^milli^re farm, and the 2nd Company of
this battaUon, which, in spite of the adversary's superiority, had
held its ground in the wood south of the road, turned towards
Les Ferries. The stubborn resistance of the French, particu-
larly on their right wing, caused the commander of the Bavarian
Division to despatch at 2 o'clock from Combres four battaUons
of the 3rd Brigade against La Chaboterie. The 1st Rifle Bat-
talion crossed the Thironne brook, carried, with a cheer, the
height occupied by the enemy, and then, supported by the 8rd
Regiment, took the direction of Les Brosses. The troops of the

• g°^^ .9thBif.Battn.. ,^^^'^ , , » 3"i 4.Pr. BsUt.

11th Inf. Keg. 3rd CneTauxiegen Ist iiaTaruui.

t 7Ui Eifle aittaUon. ^ ^ ^,. *"' . * ^^'' ^„^- °*^*"7 , th« kttct w..

4tn Cberauxlegers, Ist i)»TanAn

ioined Uter on bj the other half battery.

301

4th Brigade now attacked Tliiron Gardais, which, after being
held for some time by a weak French rear-guard in order to
coyer the retreat upon Nogent le Botron, was evacuated by it
towards half*past 4 o'clock. The Bayarians followed witii
their advanced guard as far as Serpen ; the main body of th«
4th Brigade remained at Le Val^ the 3rd in Thiron Gardais.

On the left flank of the Bavarians the 6th Cavalry Division
reached Chassant, the 4th, reinforced by a Bavarian battalion,
lUiers. The 8th Cavalry Brigade posted on the outer flank,
of the latter had met with strong detachments of Garde
Mobile close in front of Bonneval.

In rear of the right flank of the Grand Duke's Detachment,
and covering the latter towards the north, the 17th In&ntry
Division* had advanced from Senonches, by way of Belhomert,
towards La Madeleine Bouvet; its previous advanced g^uard
had already at an earlier hour of the morning left for Moutiersau
Perche, by way of Les Menus, as a right flanking detachment.
The foremost troops of the main column, after ov^xx>ming
many obstacles which they found on the road, met the
enemy to the eastward of La Madeleine at 11 a.m., drove him
back on this village, and kept up an artillery fire for some time
on the latter. Lieut.-CoL v. d. Osten then ordered the 3rd
company 75th Regiment to move to the assault of a barricade
wliich closed one of the entrances to the village. Whilst
this was stormed in concert with the 12th Company advancing
against the French right flank, the two battalions of the
90th Regiment, which bad bent away from the Moutiers au
Perche road towards La Madeleine, forced their way from the
north into this place in conjunction \nih some companies of
the 75th Regiment. The adversary, who was now retiring
to the west and south, was pursued as far as La Joignere
and Baudoriere, the 14th Rifle Battahon sharing in the pursuit.
At the close of the engagement the 17th Division occupied
quarters in La Madeleine and Moutiers.

On the evening of the 21st November the Grand Duke's
force had in this way reached with its foremost line close up to
Nogent le Rotrou, whilst an Infantry Division stood in readiness
to take part in rear of the right wing, and two Cavalry Divisions
covered the left flank. At no place had large detachments of
French troops been met with ; yet the enemy had now also
brought forward artillery into the action, and had defended his
positions for the most part with tenacity.

In the expectation of finding Nogent le Rotrou occupied in
force, the Grand Duke ordered the 22nd Division, after crossing

* Dutribuiion of Troops :— *

Adranced Guard : 76th Eegiment, - . j> , 5th Hear^ Battery.

Main bodj : 76th Regiment, 89th Grenadiers, 6th Heary Battery.

Bight flanking column: 1st and 3rd Battalions 90th Fusiliers, 14th Bifle

Battalion, -^ , 5th and 6th Light Batteries.

302

the Huiane on the next day, to attack the place from the west,
and the Bavarian Corps from the north and east, while at the same
time the 6th Cavalry Division was to advance in the direction of
La Fert6 Bernard upon the rearward communications of the
enemj'. The 17th Division received orders to hold itself in
readiness at Regmalard, and to despatch an advanced guard to
BellSme ; the 4th Cavalry Division had for its mission to cover the
road from Char tres to Paris, and, if possible, to occupy BonnevaL
The troops advancing at noon on the 22nd against Nogent,
found the town already abandoned by the enemy ; the Grand
Duke, in consequence, caused the march to be resumed with-
out delay in a westerly and south-westerly direction. The 22nd
Division and the 1st Bavarian Brigade reached Berdhuis and
Le Theil without further incident ; the 2nd and 4th Brigades,
Nogent ; the 3rd Brigade, thrown forward to La Fert^ Bernard,
after a slight engagement drove from thence three battalions of
Garde Mobile, and made about 150 of them prisoners. On the
right wing the 17th Division had moved oflF at 2*30 p.m, from
Regmalard, along the Belldme road, and, after a few rounds of
shell, compelled the retreat of the French troops met with
at Corubert. After the 3rd battalion 90th Regiment had
scaled numerous earthen walls, and reached the enemy in

I)OBition on the west of the place, and had ultimately dis-
edged him with the bayonets of the 9th Company, the Division
entered Belleme in total darkness, pushing forward their advanced
guard further to the west. The 6th Cavalry Division had
reached Beaumont les Autels at noon, and at once continued
its march as far as Authon and Charbonnieres. The 4th
Cavalry Division, which did not receive the order to advance to
Bonneval until evening, had remained in its quarters.

The Grand Duke received this day the already mentioned
communication of Prince Frederic Charles, to the effect that the
leading troops of the Ilnd Army had come in contact with the
enemy's outposts to the north of Artenay,andthatto all appearance
the French Army of the Loire was concentrated near Orleans.
In consequence of the request attached to this communication for
a rapid advance of the Grand Duke's force through Le Mans,
upon Tours,* the 1st Bavarian Corps closed up from Nogent to
La Fertc Bernard on the 23rd November, whilst the 22nd
Division moved in a westerly direction to Belleme, and the 17th
marched from thence to St. Cosme, extending with its right
flanking column as far as the road from Mamers to Le Mans.
AVith the exception of a sUght skirmish of the Bavarian advanced
guard near Sceaux, the troops at no point came into collision
with the adversaiy. The (Hh Cavalry Division puslied forward
its advance as far as Vibraye, the main body as far as Champrond.
On the left flank of the Grand Duke's force a brigade of the
4th Cavalry Division had occupied Brou; attempts made to

• See Part II, p. 293.

803

seize Bonneval, and to destroy the railway to Tours, near that
place, failed owiog to the opposition of the French troops.

On the road to Le Theil the Grand Duke had received the
order telegraphed on the previous day from the Royal head-
quarters which prescribed the movement of his troops towards
tne Loire, in the direction of Beaugency, whilst the duties of
observing towards the Sarthe were to devolve upon the cavalry
and weak detachments of infantry.*

As already mentioned, these measures had in viewa concen*
tration of all the available forces against the enemy who was
now preparing at Orleans for an advance upon the capital,
since the inactive attitude of the French on the Eure and in
the Perche had shown that no danger for the present was
threatening the army investing Paris from this side. As the
Grand Duke's Detachment, in consequence of the delay in the
arrival of the above-mentioned order, and of its continued
march in a south-westerly direction, could not in any case
operate from Beaugency at the time orig^ally contemplated, the
Grand Duke was requested to hasten Us advance and coimter-
mand the day*s halt which he had ordered for his troops.
A despatch from General Count v. Moltke, which arrived
on the 24th, gave a more detailed explanation of the view of
the situation prevailing at the Royal head-quarters, and, in
addition, contained the communication that Prince Frederic
Charles wotdd defer his attack upon Orleans until the arrival of
the Detachment at Beaugency.

This latter commenced, in consequence, on the morning of the
24th, its movement to the left in the direction of Ch&teaudun and
Vendome. The 6th Cavalry Division, which was now well in
advance on the right flank, reached Mondoubleau, where its lead-
ing troops, as well as its flanking detachments in St. Agil and
Sarge, had met with National Guards and Franctireura A patrol
of the 6th Cuirassiers, under Lieutenant v. Busse, after fording
the Loir, pressed forward as far as Ch&teaudun, which was occu-
pied by infantry of the line and Gardes Mobiles, and, according
to the statement of the inhabitants, by cavalry and artillery as
welL On their return the German horsemen foimd the ford
used in their advance now in the enemy's hands ; they, in con-
sequence, swam across the Loir at another spot, and cut their
way through a mass of Franctireurs. The small detachment,
after passing the night in the Bois de St. Martin, rode forward
once more, on the morning of the 25th, in the direction of
Ch&teaudun, and then rejoined its regiment. In the neighbour-
hood of Cloyes, Gardes Mobiles and Franctireurs had also shown
themselves ; the German patrols sent still further to the right
in the direction of Fr^teval and Vendome, were hindered in
their progress by a heavy fire near Epuisay.

In rear of the 6th Cavalry Division followed, in the firat
place, the 1st Bavarian Corps as far as the neighbourhood of

* See Fart II. p. 294. The 5th Cayolrj Dirision iiras now once more placed
under tiie immediate orders of the Commander of the Ilird Aimj*

304

Vibrajjre, whilst to the left rear the 17th and 22nd In&ntiy
Divisions reached La Fert^ Bernard and Nogent le Rotrou.

On the left wing of the Grand Dnke's Detachment the out-
posts of the 4th Cavalry Division^near Bron,had been vi^rously
attacked from Chapellc Royale on the morning of the 24th.
The patrols and larger reconnoitring parties sent out in conse-
quence came across troops belonging to the 17th French Corps
which had advanced a few days previously from the villages in
rear of the March^noir Wood to beyond Ch&teaudun. Although
rendered apprehensive for the safety of Tours by the presence
of the Germans on the Loir, the Government there brought up a
brigade of this Corps by railway to Vendome on the 25th*
With the remainder General de Sonis made a forward movement
that same day in the direction of Brou.

The leading files of the advancing French troops met, close in
front of the last-named place, an ammunition column of the 1st
Bavarian Con>s moving with the bridge train to Arville.* As
the escort had for the most part already proceeded in advance as
far*as Unverre, General v. Erosigk threw himself upon the enemy
with the 10th Cavalry Brigade, then on the march to La
Bazoche Gouet, and other detachments available on the spot.t
Two Bavarian companies occupied Yfevres and the bridge over
the Ozanne at that point, eight Prussian guns unhmbered on
either side of the village. Against this position the French
deployed a large force of artillery, but did not pass to a serious
attack. After the Bavarian train had made its way through
Brou, the German troops, towards 4 p jn«, resumed their move-
ment upon La Bazocne Gouet, where that evening the 9th
and 10th Cavalry Brigades assembled.^ The adversary had
meanwhile occupied Brou ; his losses in the action had amotmted
to about 100 men, while those on the German side had been
insignificant.

Li front of the right wing of the Grand Duke's Detachment,
the 6th Cavalry Division had on the 25th reached the neigh-
bourhood of Danz6 and Azay ; its patrols again encountered
French troops in the woods and villages on the ri^ht bank of
the Loir. The trains of the 1st Bavarian Corps following as far as
St. Calais and Mondoubleau came partly within range of the fire
of Gardes Mobiles, from which, however, they were rapidly extri-
cated by the escort. The 17th and 22nd Divisions arrived
abreast of Vibraye and Authon.

* General t. d. Tonn had considered ibis road entirely beyond reach of danger, n
it was impointed for the transport of sick and wounded by the order issued from the
Grand Puke's head-quarters for the 25th KoTember.

t Besides the lOth CaTaliy Brigade, there were the following : —

10th and 11th 1st and 4th 1st H.A.B. i 2nd H.A.B. j ii,*i. -n^

ISthBayarian' 6th Lane. ' V ' Xl ' "^ ^^^ Dmgoona.

trhich on the march from Laon to the 17th Biyision (see Fart II. p. 116, and
Appendices, p. 86t) had joined the 4th Oaralry DiTision. The two BaTazian
eompanies belong to the infantry attached to the latter Diyision.

7 The 8th OaToby Brigade had remained on the rood irom Oharties to
Bonneral.

305

As the adyersarj appeared to have taken up a position in
strength between the Detachment and the army investing Paris,
the Grand Duke, abandoning temporarily his movement to the
Loire, resolved, in the first place, to drive the enemy from Bron.
Although an order arrived from the Royal head-quarters on the
night of the 25th-2(5th, which, in consequence of the un-
questionable concentration of large bodies of French troops on the
Loir, placed the Detachment under the orders of Prince Frederic
Charles, and repeated the summons for its rapid march to Beau«
gency, the Grand Duke peraisted in the resolution he had taken,
as the order in question was issued before the arrival of the
report of the occurrences at Brou.

Whilst the 9th Cavaliy Brigade reconnoitred from La
Bazoche Gouet on the following morning in the direction
of Courtalain, and the 10th passed roimd to the left of Unverre,
which was still occupied by the French, the 22nd Infantry Divi-
sion following in rear, met with but a very slight resistance at
that place. On entering Brou a report was current that the
enemy, in a sti*ength ot 14,000 men and two batteries, had
retired from thence on the previous evening ; it was said, to
Ch&teaudun. The 17th Di^-ision, likewise brought up in the
direction of Brou, reached La Bazoche Gouet on the 26th.
This Division had that morning despatched from Vibraye, in
virtue of superior orders, a strong detachment of troops
of all arms * in a westerly direction, with a view to
guarding the road to Le Mans, hitherto held by the 17th Cavalry
Brigade. The Ist Bavarian Corps, leaving some troops to the
south of Mondoubleau for the purpose of watching in the direc-
tion of Tours, marched with the main body to Arville, but after
the Grand Duke had heard of the evacuation of Brou, received
orders to advance as far as Courtalain and Droue. Detachments
of the 6th Cavalry Division left to the east of Epnisay recon-
noitred in the direction of Cloyes, Frcteval, and v endfime ; a
contemplated destruction of the mil way in the Loir Valley
failed, as the enemy had taken up a strong position there, and
made repeated attacks in the direction of Azay.

The liead-quarters of the Ilnd Army, which had received a
report of the movement to the left of the Grand Duke's Detach-
ment, issued telegraphic ordei*s, on the afternoon of the 26th,
to resume forth^vith the march in the prescribed direc-
tion, and to unite as soon as possible ^vith the right wing of the
army now posted at Janville.t In accordance therewith the
Grand Duke gave orders, for the 27th November, that the 22nd

^ Ilnd and Illrd Ist and 8rd 1st, 2od, and 4th , j Ist H.A.P. ,

89 ' nth Lane' 18th Dragoons ' *° IX ' ^ *'

Major-General y. Bauch. A small detachment of the I7th Caralrj Brigade had on
tlic 251 h driren the enemy from the Tillage of Duncan, situated about half-wajr
between La Fert6 Bernard and Le Mans.

t In a despatch from Prince Frederic Charles, which arriyed on the 25th NoTem-
ber, ho ahready expressed the belief that only the right wing of the detachment
would moTe towards JBeaugency.

306

Division, covered on the left flank by the 4th Cavafay Division,
should advance along the north bank of the Ozanne towards
Bonneval, the 17th in the direction of the St. Maurice heights,
lying to the south of this town, the Ist Bavarian Corps to Ch&-
teaudun. The protection of the right flank was confided to the
6th Cavalry Division brought up to Courtalain.

In executing these movements the troops did not again come
across any formed hostile detachments. General De Bonis had
already, on the night of tlie 25th-26th, withdrawn his advanced
troops to Marboue, and there received orders to concentrate
his Corps at Vendome for the protection of the seat of Govern-
ment. But as detachments of German cavalry had ah*eady
shown themselves on the previous day at Cloyes, Freteval, and
Vendome, and the French General for this reason considered
the march in the prescribed direction as no longer practicable,
he was withdrawn, on the evening of the 26th, in rear of the
Bois de Marchcnoir. The continued night march had a demo-
ralizing efiect on the cohesion of these loose, and but pai*tially
trained troops; masses'of stragglers wandered about for days
in the neighbourhood ; a battalion and a batterj^ wandered
away to Touiiioisis ; some 2,000 dispersed troops could not bo
rallied until they reached Beaugency.*

The Grand Duke received intelhgence on the 27th from the
head-quarters of the Ilnd Army, that troops of the IXth Corps
were pushed forward in the direction of Orgerea and Loigny ; a
squadron of the 2nd Cavalry Division,! sent to open communi-
cation, met the 22nd Division at Bonneval.

The concentration of the forces placed under Prince Frederic
Charles' orders having been in this wise efiected, the troops
of the Detachment rested on the 28th in their quarters
between Bonneval and Ch&teaudun ; on the left wing the 4th
Cavalry Division extended as far as Sancheville. The Ist
Bavarian Corps pushed forward strong detachments from
Ch&teaudun along the roads leading to Cloyes, Orleans, and
Orgferes, as the French were still occupying the first-named place
and the valley of La Conie ; on the further side of Binas an
extensive camp and hostile columns in retreat were perceived.
On the previous day arrived at the Grand Duke's head-quarters
in Bonneval Lieut.-Gen. v. Stosch, appointed by order of His
Majesty the King to take over imtil further notice the duties of
Chief of the Staff to the Detachment.

Whilst the Detachment, in the manner just described, was
Srmy (Mth approaching from Nogent le Rotrou the right wing of the
to27thNoy.) Ilnd Array, the latter in its position of readiiiCFS to the north

and east of the forest of Orleans, had gained more precise

* These detail? ore taken from Qeccrol Aurellc dc roladiues* irork "La
premiere Armec de la Loire.'*

. This squadron rode twice through the line of the French out-

2ud Lancers
poBts and completed 60 miles in 16 hours.

307

intelligence of the state of affairs of the enemy's force imme-
diately opposed to it.

Of the 6th Infantry Division posted at Bazoches Ics Galle-
randes four battalions, two squadrons, and two batteries* had,
early on the morning of the 24th November, advanced by way of
Teillay St. Benoit towards the Forest of Orleans. They found
St. Germain, which on the previous day had been occupied by
the enemy, now abandoned ; detachments of French infantry,
which showed themselves at daybreak in the farmsteads lying
further to the south, were driven back as far as Neuville aux
Bois by six companies suppoi-ted by artillei-v. At this latter
place fresh troops of all arms were in readine^ss to receive them
in their retreat. The 6th Heavy Battery now came into action
against the last-named village, whilst the Prussian infantry,
moving with difficuUy over the rainnsodden ground, and under
a heavy musketry fire from the enemy, approached it to
within a hundred paces. But as the effect of the guns was, to
all appearance, without result, and the adversary advanced
with strong columns against the left flank of the Prussians,
Colonel V. Flatow broke off the action, and commenced his
retreat upon St. Germain* After beating off an attack made
by the French near Le ChSne, with united forces, the contending
troops reoccupied their qiiarters towards noon. The losses on
the Prussian side amounted to some 170 men; the French,
according to report, lost less. The appearance of the adver-
sary with a force of all arms led to the assumption that there
were considerable bodies of troops in rear of the outposts.

In the rayon of the IXth Army Corps Colonel v. Falken-
hausen, with the 11th Regiment and two batteries of horse
artillery, supported by the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, had, at 8 a.m.
on this day, advanced along the road from Paris to Orleans.
The French pickets having been driven fi'om Assas, and the
enemy having also abandoned Artenay, after some shells had
been thrown mto it, the German cavalry, destroying the line of
railway and telegraph, continued their movement as far as La
Croix briquet, from which place, towards noon, they were again
withdrawn, as hostile infantry and artillery advanced from
Chevilly.

The troops of the Xth Army Corps, which were posted at
Beaune la Rolandef had, on the 24th, Hkewise pushed foi*ward
reconnoitring detachments towards the Forest of Orleans. One
of thesej had met with some French lancers abreast of Mont-
barrois, which were driven back to Boieconnnun by the 4th
Sauadron 2nd Hessian Cavalry. After the cavalry patrols had
subsequently encountered some Franctireurs at the border of

• let and Tub. Ilnd and Illrd 2Dd and 4th 5th Lt. and 6th Htt. Bntta

20 * 35 ' 2nd Drag. ' ill

under Col. y. Fktow.

t SSth Brigade, and 6 Hessian squadrons.

J Ist and 4th 8rd , 4th

57 ' 1st Hcssiun Cttvulr/ :^nd 11 cs^iunC'&valr}*

308

the forest near Chambon, the GeimanB returned to their quarters
at 2 p.m. Another detachment despatched towards Bellegarde
had observed near St. Loup les Vignes strong columns of all
arms moving from the former place towards Boiscommun and
Maiziires.

Engagements at Ladon and Maiziebes.*

Under cover of the troops pushed forward in the direction
of the Forest of Orleans, those parts of the Xth Corps still at
Montargis were, on the 24th T^ovember, to move iip to the
neighbourhood of Beaune la Rolande : namely, the 37th Brigade
by way of Ladon and Maizi^es, the 89th with the Corps Artil-
lery by way of Panne.

When title 37th Infantry Brigade,! advancing on the morning
of this day along the road to Ladon, found the coimtry west of
this place already occupied by strong detachments of French
troops. General von WoynaJ deployed the two battalions of
the advanced guard for attack. Abreast of Villemoutiers
came into action, on the right of the road, first the heavy
battery, and shortly after, near it, the light battery, which had
been Drought forward from the main body.

As the enemy endeavoured to turn the right flank of the
advanced guard, the 2nd BattaUon 91st liegiment moved
forward upon Les Arlots through the intervals of the guns in
action ; on the immediate right of the Oldenburgers were then
brought up into front line tne two available battalions of the
78th Regiment.§ When the French were dislodged from the last-
named place, Lieut.-CoL v. Hagen advanced, towards 2
o'clock, with the whole of the infantrv, to the attack of Ladon,
whence, however, the adversary, without awaiting the collision,
retired to Bellegarde; a large detachment left oehind in La
Mothe laid down their arms after a stubborn resistance. The
37th Brigade now resumed its march along the road to
Maizieres, but later on, in consequence of the roar of artillery
which resounded from that place, bent away to the left in order
to take part in the struggle by way of Montigny.

At tlie very commencement of the engagement just des-

• See Flan, No. 22.

f Bitftribution of the 37th Bri^de on the 24th Korember :

. . , ^ 1 Isfc and Fus. 2nd and Srd 2ndHeaTTBattei7 i «• ^ .

Adyanced Guard : — , _ . .,, , =p i, half lit

91 9th Drag. ' X

Pioneer Company irith Light Field Bridge Train.

Main Body: I^, 78th Eegimcnt, 2nd Liyht Battery^ Srd Pioneer Company.

9x .A.

X Major- Qcncral v. Woyna commanded tlie 19th Infantry Dirision in place of
Lieiit.-Gcn. v. Sohwartzkoppjn, sick.

§ Ilnd and Fueilicr Battalions ; t)io Ist acted as escort to the artillery and
train.

309

cribed General v. Voigl-s-Rlictz, commanding tho Corps, had
sent instructions to the 39th Brigade, then on tlie march to
Beaune la Bolande, to move in the first place towards Maizieres,
which, according to information received, was held by the enemy.

The commander of this brigade. Colonel v. Valentini,
received this order at Venouille about half-past 1 o'clock. At
that place he had at his disposal two battahons and twa bat-
teries, as the Corps Artillery, in accordance with a previons
order, had hurried on to Beaune, while two companies and a
division of dragoons had undertaken the duties of guarding tho
left flank* As this detachment was now received "with a
vigorous fire from Maiziires, the two battalions advanced from
the north against L'Archemont, which was situated at the junc-
tion of the roads west of the place, and was occupied by
French infantry. With tiie aid of the guns, which hastened
forward, the adversary was gradually dislodged from thence,
and from some neighbouring farmsteads ; he however once more
rallied at Fr6ville under the protection of some batteries,
whilst at the same time strong columns were moving up from
Bellegarde.

General v. Voigts-Rhetz now caused the 37th Brigade,
which, as already mentioned, was preparing to take part, to
move off at once to Beaune in rear of the 39th, and in the
evening to occupy quarters in Romainville.* This last brigade
followed at a proper interval from FArchemont, and occupied
the neighbourhood of Gondreville ; its line of outposts extended
from Vergouville to Lorcy.

The Xth Army Corps had in this way, in spite of the enemy's
very superior force, assembled, by means of a flank march, its
three hitherto separated brigades %t Beaune la Rolando. Tho
total loss in the engagement amounted, on both sides, to about
200 men ; besides mese there fell into the German hands some
170 prisoners.

The reconnoitring affairs which had taken place on the 24th
November confirmed once more the presence of large bodies of
French troops at Chevilly, and a movement to the right on tho
part of the enemy in the direction of Neuville aux Bois, whilst at
the same time considerable forces had appeared at Boiscommun.
With regard to the latter, the piisoners affirmed that they
belonged to a Corps transported bv railway from Chamy to
Gien ; on the person of an officer killed in the action at Ladon
was found the Order of Battle of this Corps, as well as a
despatch from Gambetta to General Crouzat, in which Gien
was designated as the key of the French positions on the

* A detachmeot left at Ladon for the protection of the wounded did not aniTO
until night, without, howorer, being molested bj the enemy.

L 2

810

Loire. As from thifi information the enemy's movements of
the 24th November appeared to prelude the commencement
of a general advance of his right wing, the head-quarters staff
of the Ilnd Army ordered that the 1st Cavahy Division should
be in position at 9 A.M. on the 25th, to the west of Boynes ; the
Ilird Army Corps at Pithiviers and Chatillon le Roi ; the IXth to
the south of Toury; ready to meet the expected advance.
The 2nd Cavalry Division received instructions to patrol as
far in front as possible on the right flank of the Army.

The adversary, however, did not pass to the attEick on the
25th November ; some isolated patrols advancing during the
forenoon in the direction of the Xth Army Corps withdrew after
an exchange of rifle shots. By the transfer of the 1st Cavalry
Division* to Boynes, the mp between the outposts of the IXIrd
and Xth Corps was close£ The latter received instructions to
occupy Montargis and Chftteau Landon, for the purpose of
observing the district between the Loing and Yonne, whilst
detachments of the Ilird Corps were to remain at Nemours until
relieved by Etappen troops.

Neither on the 26th November did the enemy undertake any
serious offensive movements against the front of the Ilnd Army.
A detachment of the Xth Corps, despatched towards Ch&teau
Landon, under Lieut.-Col. v. Boltenstem,t while following up
the French troops which had driven back the German outposts
from Ladon upon Corbeilles, came across two regiments of
infantry in the neighbourhood of CheveneUe.J

On the morning of the 27th November the 35th Infantry
and the 3rd Cavalry Brigades, with 4 batteries, advanced from
the right wing of uie army at Allaines, as &r as Org^res and
Loigny, for the purpose, if necessary, of supporting the Detach-
ment of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg m its passage of the
Loir.§ The cavahy scouting to the westward fotmd, however,
only some weak watch-pickets retreating behind the southern
branch of the La Conie.

On the same day, however, a report reached the army head-
quarters from the troops at Nemours that, according to the
statement of the inhabitants, 25,000 French had on the previous
night occupied a camp to the south of Montargis. Keports
from Ch&teau Landon confirmed this statement. On the further
side of the Orleans canal strong columns of the enemy had
also been seen on the march, while his advanced detachments
had already taken up a firm position at Mignerette.

All these signs consequently pointed to aprojected advance
of the Army of the Loire in the direction of Fontainebleau ; but
the state of affairs did not appear at present to be sufficiently

* The 9th and 12th Loncen were attached to the Dirluons of the IUrd Corps.
. Ilnd 5th and 6th 2nd and 4th j of 8rd Light Battery

~ 56 ' 79 ' 1st HeBsian CaTaliy' X

t Among tue prisonon captured on thie occasion was a Brigade Commander of
the 20th Corps.

§ See Part II, p. 806.

311

clear to justify a complete movement to the left of the Ilnd Army
and the absmdonment of the important road from Orleans to
Paris. Prince Frederic Charles resolved in consequence to bring
up, in the first place, only the oth Infantry Division, as far as
the neighbourhood of Boynes and BarviUe, m order to give any
support that might be needed to the Xth Corps, and to replace
it m Pithiviers by the 6th. The quarters of the latter at Bazoches
les Gallerandes were assigned temporarily to a brigade of the
IXth Corps. In order, if necessary, to draw this also towards
the left, the Detachment of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg,
which in the meantime had reached the Loir, received orders
to attain on the 29th, at least with its leading troops, the road
from Orleans to Paris at Toury.

312

Movements of the Ar^iy of the Loire for the Relief

OF Paris.

After the engagement at Coulmiers, the French Army of the
Loire had occupiea the ahready mentioned extensive position to
the north of Orleans,* there to await the arrival of reinforce-
ments. In view of the possibility of a speedy attack from the
Germans, diligent preparations were made for constmcting forti-
fications between Chevillj and the Loire, at La Chapelle, by way
of Gidy and Ormes. In the Forest of Orl^ns, the section east
of St. Ly6 was rendered impassable by breaking up the roads,
and was only destined to be held by watch-pickets; the west
part of the forest, on the other hand, was strongly occupied. The
city of Orleans, arranged for a stubborn defence, was to serve
if necessary to the army, as a point of support, and as a bridge-
head. For the armanent of the batteries which had been con-
structed, some companies of marine artillery and a large number
of heavy naval guns from Cherbourg were employed, while the
inhabitants of the district were utilized in throwing up entrench-
ments, under the superintendence of civil engineers.

In addition to the 17th employed for the reinforcement of
the left -wing, and the 3rd Division of the 16th Corps brought
up from Gien, the Franctireur detachments of Colonel
Cathelineau and Lieut.-Colonel Lipowski meanwhile joined
the army. A new Corps (the 20th) was formed from the
40,000 men of the East Anny assembled at Gien ; to that same

flace the Ist Division of the 18tli Corps collecting at Nevcrs
ad been also pushed forward.t

The foremost Une of the Anny of the Loire, now numbering
some 200,000 men, had on the 20th November occupied the
following positions : —

The nght wing was composed of Colonel Cathelineau's
Franctireurs in the north-east part of the Forest of Orleans,
between Chambon and Chilleurs aux Bois ; detached companies
occupied Nancray and other villages lying to the north of
the forest. The district from St. hji to Boulay was filled
by the three Divisions of the 15th Corps. On the extreme left
winff was the 16th Corps, partly at Les Barres and Bucy
St. Liphard, partly between St. P^ravy and Cpulmiers, whilst
Lieut-Colonel Lipowski's Franctireurs were pushed forward as
far as tlio neighbourhood of Patay, for the purpose, in conjunc-
tion with the Cavaliy Di^asion of the lajst-named Corps assembled
at Tournoisis, of observing towards the north-west.

The Government at Tours, which after the re^occupation of
Orleans had already in contemplation an earlv advance of the
Anny of tlie Lou*e by way of Pithiviers ana Malesherbes, re-
quired General d'Am-elle, after the arrival of the consider-
able reinforcements just mentioned, to determine upon definite

• Soo Part ir, p. 280.

t Appendix XCIV contains the Order of Battle of tbo 17th, 18th, and 20th
French Corps. The tvoopa of the £aat Army not brought up to the Loire (15,000
men) were employed for the j.rotcction of Ljona.

313

oflFensive measures for the relief of the capital. As this General
raised the objection that he must first be in possession of
the intentions of the Governor of Paris, Gambetta liimself,
from Tours, undertook the direction of the movements. He
first ordered an advance of the right wing of the Army to
Pithiviers, and contemplated giving it afterwards the direction
of Fontainebleau, in order fi:om thence to extend a hand to the
defenders of Paris, who were summoned to break through the
east line of investment.

In the night of the 22nd-23rd November, orders were sent
by telegraph to Orleans for General des Pallieres to advance
at once with 30,000 men to Chilleurs aux Bois, and on the 24th
as far as Pithiviers ; on this day the 20th Corps was to reach
Beauno la Bolande and Juranville. Against this proposal,
however, General d'Aurello protested that an advance
upon Pithiviers would probably draw in that direction the
forces of Prince Fredenc Charles, which were estimated at
80,000 men,* and the Army of the Loire would then find
itself compelled to accept decisive battle under very much
more unfavourable conditions than if it had awaited the attack
of the Germans in the entrenched position in front of
Orleans* In consequence of this, Gambetta limited himself, iu
the first instance, to pushing forward the troops of General des
Palli6res to Chilleurs aux Bois and Loury, the 20th Corps to
Boiscommun and Bellegarde.

These last arrangements led to the already described en-
gagements at Ladon and Maizi^res.! At their termination the
20th Coi-ps encamped in the district assigned to it; two
brigades were despatched towards Beaune and Ladon. At the
north-east angle of the Forest of Orleans some Franctireura
maintained the communication with the troops of the 15th Coi-ns
at Chilleura aux Bois, the rest of which Corps General d'Aurelle
had brought up to St. Lye, Chevilly, and Gidy. In the follow-
ing days the 18th Corps,J meanwhile assembled at Gien,
advanced to Ladon and Montargis, where, together with the
20th, it passed under the supreme orders of General Crouzat.
As this officer, on the 26th November, received instructions
from Tours to initiate the forward movement of the army in
the direction of Pithiviers by the occupation of Beaune la
Holande, Juranville, and Maizieres, he ordered for this purpose
that on the 28th the 18th Corps should advance through Maizieres*
and Jm'anville, the Ist Division of the 20th Coi-ps fi'om Boiscom-
mun, the 2nd from MontbaiTois and St. Loup towards Beaune,
whilst the 3rd was to remain in reserve at St. Loup. The loth
Corps was, if required, to support the right wing of the army.

* In realitj the strength of tl:e Ilnd Army in infantry was tit that time only
45,000 men.

t See Part II, p. 308.

X General Bourbaki appointed to the command of this Corps Imd not jct
orrircd, ard wcs at this time represented by General Hillot, fliief oi' the fclaJT,

314
The Battle of Beaune la Rolande on the 28th November.*

The French troops advancing on the morning of the 28th
November, very soon came across the positions of the Xth
Army Corps, which had its 38th Brigade at Beaune la Rolande
and its 3i)th at Les Cotelles; the Ime of outposts sti'etched
from Batilly by way of Orme and Foncerive as far as the
copses between Lorcy and Corbeilles. In order to give any
support that might be necessary to the left ^nng, which ap-
peared to be more especially endangered, the 37th Brigade and
the Corps Artillery had already at daybreak advanced from
Egry to the neighbom*hood of MarciUy, whilst, as regards the
right ^viiig, the amval of the 5th Division was expected in
accordance with the arrangements of the army head-quartei's
settled on the previous day.f

The head-quarters staff of the Xth Corps had selected the
heights on either side of Beaune and the gentle undulations at
Long Cour for a defensive position. The mam point of support
to this position was the first-named town, which was surrounded
by the remams of a wall 12 feet high, and was arranged for
defence; on the other hand, m the occupied district, the
movement of artillery was hampered to a veiy considerable extent
by the numerous farms, orchards, and extensive binishwood.

The outposts of the 39th Brigade, standing to the south of
Juranville,:^ received the approaching skirmishers of Roberts'
French Brigade with a vigorous fire, whicli was effectively
supported by the 3rd Light Battery in action near Les Cotelles.
As the latter, in consequence of the increasing pressure of the
enemy, abandoned its position at 9 o'clock, the infantry also
evacuated the village of Juranville shortly after. The com-
panies retu'ing from thence received support at Les Cotelles
from the fusiher battalion 79th Regiment, under cover of
which the two batteries of the brigade had deployed to the
south of the Moulin des Hommes Libres. To the west of the
Beaumont road stood two battalions of the 56th Regiment and
the squadrons of Dragoons.

• Sec Plan, No. 22.

t On the 28th, the following was the disposition of the troops of the Xth Corps : —

Of the 37th Brigade : the 9th Dragoons, 2nd Light and 2nd Heayy Batteries
and drd Pioneer Companj.

Of tlie 88th Brigade : the 3rd squadron Ist Ilession Ca%*alry, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th

squadrons 2nd Hessian CaTalry, 1st Light and 1st llcary Batteries and 1st Pioneers

7th
Companv. L- acted as escort to the train.

^ * 16

Of the 39th Brigade: the 10th Kifle Battalion, l&t and Ith squadron 16th

Dragoons, 3rd Light and 3rd HcarT Batteries.

rp, llnd 6th and 6th ^3rdLi{;htBnttT. , ,, i. i. m •* t i -.i

The -— — I — ,- ^- «- had been scut to Clmtcau Laudon witli

56 79 X

.y 2nd and 4t]i 7th and 8th « . j *i ^ •

the — ; _- , escorted the tram.

1st Iioss. CV.v. 7 J)

The lOtli Infjinlry Brigade, witli 2 squrulrons 16th Dragoons, 4tli Light and 41 h
IleaTT Batteries niul 2nd Pioneer Company, \\as I'artly in front of Longrcs, and
partly moying up from that pkce.

**lst and 2nd

ol5

The German advanced troops* at Lorcy had been also com-
pelled to retii'e to the railway embankment, where they, how-
ever, in conjunction ^vith the three other companies of the
10th Rifle Battalion, now repulsed ^vith success the further
attacks of Bonnet's Brigade, and defeated its attempt to tnm
the left flank of this position by occupying the park of Corbeilles.

When the French, later on, at 10 o'clock, were advancing
"with a strong line of sldrmishera over the open ground north-
east of Juranville, thoy were met by the Ist BattaUon 56th
Regiment; the latter shortly fell under a brisk cross-fire, and
could only defend itself with difficulty against the enemy who
was working more round the right. After the 2nd BattaUon
9l8t Regiment t had meanwhile arrived near Venouille Mill,
Colonel V. Valentini caused also the last battalion of his bri^fade,
the fusiliers of the 56th, to take part in the struggle. These,

Saflsing by Les Cotelles^ moved forward, protectmg the lefb
ank against Juranville, and, in conjunction with the Ist Bat-
talion, drove back the French skirmishers who had advanced
firom that place. But as the adversary offered a stubborn resist-
ance in the village, which he had arranged for defence, u
vigorous musketry action ensued, in wliich the German artillery,
from its positions behind the infantry, was unable to co-operate.
It was not until the midday hour that the action took a decisive
turn, when the fusilier battalion 91st Re^ment, after arriving
from Marcilly, advanced against the west side of Juranville, and
at the same time the 56th also made a renewed attack upon the
village. The French now retired to the southward, but con-
tinued to carry on the struggle with great bitterness in some
isolated farmsteads.

Meanwhile, on the enemy's extreme right wing, Bonnet's
Brigade had penetrated into Corbeilles. The Prussian garrison
retired partly along the railway embankment to Long Cour,
partly to Bordeaux, which had already been occupied by troops
of the reserve. The adversary did not follow beyond Corbeilles,
but rather moved to the left against Juranville, whilst at the
same time strong columns also advanced to that place from
Maiziires. The Germans seeing this superiority of force now
abandoned Juranville, carr}nng with them some 300 prisoners,
and took up a position at Venouille and Long Cour, where
General v. Voigts-Rhetz was concentrating the bulk of liis
Corps. The 38th Brigade alone remained ^vith the horse
artillery batteries of the Corps Artillery at Beaune.t

• Srd and 4tli ^^ 3rd

79 10th Kiaes.

t Sent forward to the battle-field as support from the 37th Brigade wliich had
arriyed to the east of Marcilly.

J The positions between 1 and 2 p.m. were as follows :—

At Long Cur: H"'!. ^-^ '""' ^"d. arOmuUtl,^ 10th RiOc Batt«aion,

lst,2ndnmi3nl lat and 4th 2nd HcaTy. 5th and 6th Light

t*th Drngoons * 16th Druguous * -^

1st and 2nd Ist 3rd Light and 3rd Heayj
South of ^louUa dcs Ilomujes Librcs : fr^ » ^ » ' y

31G

On the French side, after the reoccupation of Juranville, tlie
greater part of the 18th Corps deployed to the east of this place,
for the attack of Long Cour, without a previous preparation for
the latter by artillery fii'e. The enemy advancing in dense
bodies of skirmishers and closed colmnns found, however, his
progress shortly aiTested by the fire of the three batteries
imlimbered at Long Cour. Whcii Colonel v. d. Becke then
caused the two batteries posted at Moulin des Hommes Libres
also to wheel to the left and to come into action against the flank
of the French infantry, the latter retreated in complete disorder.

Weaker detachments of the enemy had meanwnile advanced,
under cover of an imdulation of the ground, to within 200 paces
of Les Cotelles, but there encoimtered the resistance of the
fusiher battalion 79th Regiment under Major von Steinacker,
who successfully repelled an assault made at 2 o'clock. Half
an hour later the adversary once more renewed the atlack. Two
guns of the 3rd Heavy Battery hastened forward through the
village to meet the attack, but whilst unUmbering suffered
such considerable losses from the file-fire of the enemy's
skiimishers that only one of them succeeded with difficulty in
escaping from its perilous position. The other had sunk deep
into the sodden ground, and could not be brought back by the
few gunners who remained untouched.*

As the adversary now on his side likewise brought guns into
action, and advanced with strong bodies of infantry against
Yenouille, and, moreover, surrounded Les Cotelles, the Prussian
fiisiiiers towards 3 o'clock evacuated the post which they had up
to that time so stubbornly defended. A squadron of lancers sent
in pursuit through the village dispersed a detachment left at the
northern issue from it, but was compelled to turn back by the
fire of two battaUonsf despatched to Venouille; it however
succeeded in canring off fifty prisoners. The enemy now
occupied Les Cotelles, without, however, making any attempt to
advance further. His artillery kept up until nightfall an

East of VenouiUe : 5^^.

At Lc8 C6teUcs : ^'.

. ^ ^, ., . ^ 8rd and 4lh 5th and 6tli Heary ^-j -n:
At th© poiiTray ftotion : — j , — ^t 3ra Pioneer

to A.

Companr.

In and near Beanne : The 88th Brigade 'vrith 4 Hessian squodrons, 2 batteries of
the 19th Diyision, both horse artillery batteries of the Corps Artillery and one Pioneer
Componv.

^,' ^ and 2nd Light ^ ^^^ guarding the left flank at

78 9th Dragoons X

Bordeaux, — was replenishing ammunition in rear of the fighting troops.

^^^- and ■ were odrancing from JuranTillr.

6G 91

• In this sub-division 2 drirers, 5 gunners, and 4 liorscs ivero killed or

wounded.

. Ist J Fus.

+ J^ and

317

ineffectiye fire upon the Germans^ who on their part had taken
up a position on the Windmill Hill east of Venouille, with
Beveral batteries on the northern edge of the Laveau valley.*

On the French left wing the leading troops of the 20th uorps,
which had that morning commenced to march from Montbarrois
and Boiscommun towards Beaune la Rolande and BatUly, had
about 9 o'clock come into collision with the 38th Infantry Brigade.
Of this latter, the 57th Regiment, with two Hessian squadrons,
held the outposts between Batilly, Orme, and Foucerive, while
the IGth Regiment was at Beaime ; on the heights to the right
and left of the town stood the batteries attached to the brigade,
with the two remaining Hessian squadrons and the pioneer
comuany.

while the German outposts retired skirmishing upon the
main position on either side of Beaune, General Crouzat caused
his 2nd Division to advance bjr way of VergouviUe and Orme.
The 1st endeavoured from Batilly to outflank the right wing of
the Xth Corps, but when debouching from the Bois de la Leu
was driven back by the effective fire of the Ist Heavy Battery ;
the French artillery, which took up the cannonade, waa ateo
compelled to ^uit the field affcer a few rounds. It was not
until the 3rd Division, held up to that time in reserve at St. Loup,
appeared on the scene that the 1st Battalion 57th Regiment was
compelled towards noon to retire as far as the cross roads north-
west of Beaune, where at this time the greater part of the
1st Light Battery, escorted by some Hessian cavalry, also came
into action.

As the swarms of French skirmishers, despite the biisk
artillery and musketry fire which rained upon them, arrived by
rushes to within 100 paces of the present position of the
Germans, and threatened their right flank, these latter resumed
their retreat at half-past 12 along the Caesar road. A gun of the
1st Light Batterv, the gunners and horses of which were for
the most part kuled or woimded, fell into the enemy^s hands
in spite of the gallant resistance of the Prussian infantry. The
heavy battery, which had fired for some time upon the French
advancing from Batilly, was also obUged to abandon its position,
as this was already swept by the fire of infantry and artillery
from La Pierre Percie.

On the east side of Beaune the adversary at this time com*
menced to ascend the height of Les Roches. General v.
Woyna caused in consequence the two battalions of the 57th
Regiment posted there to retire upon La Rue Boussier, whilst
Major Korber brought up, under escoi*t of the Pioneer Company
left in rear of Beaune, the batteries of horee artillery, which
had been sent forward from llai-cilly, to within 800 paces of the
French infantry, and stopped its advance after a Tew rounds.
The batteries then likewise retired ^with the last skirmifihera of
the 57th Regiment into the position at La Rue Boussier.

On the Ceesar road the French had also suspended their for-

* See Flan No. 22, position at 4^30 p.m.

318

wai'd movement, as they found themselves suddenly threatened
Ofi the left flank by the Ist Cavalry Division. This latter* had
been assembled at Boynes shortly after the commencement
of the action, and at 12 o'clock, in accordance with a summons
from General v. Voigts-Rhetz, had advanced to Butte do
rOrmeteau. The honse artilleiy battery, escorted by two
squadrons of the 4th Lancers, which hastened forward in that
direction, had, shortly after 1 o'clock, opened fire upon the enemy's
columns, which appeared between Batilly and Arconville, and
afterwards, from a position further south, upon the masses of
troops marching alon^ the Ceesar road. As the adversary
thereupon opened a biisk musketry fire from the vallev of the
Fosse des Pres, and the two Cuirassier regiments of the Division
had made an unsuccessfril attempt to charge the French
infantry over the completely sodden ground, the battery retired
to Butte de FOrmeteau.

The 20th French Corps having succeeded, after a brisk
struggle of several hours, m forcing the Germans from their
positions on either side of Beaune la Rolande, all the efforts of
the assailant were now directed upon the town, which had
already been taken as a mark by his artiller3^ The leader of
the 16th Regiment, there in command, Lieut.-Col. Sannow, had
so distributed his three battaUons, that to the 1st was assigned
the duty of defending the south-west side and the cemetery,
whilst the frisilier battalion occupied the south and the 2nd
battalion the east side of the place. Of the outposts which had
retired to La Kue Boussier, two companies of the 57th Regiment
had in addition remained at Beaune, and these, with some other
available detachments, were despatched to the north-west side of
the place, as the din of battle was more marked in that direction.!

Since 1 p.m. Beaune was almost entirely surrounded by
the French. Dense swarms of sldrmishers had at this time
approached the cemetery and a bamcade on the Orme road,
but had been repulsed by an effective fire. A second attempt
on the part of the enemy having been beaten off* in a similar
manner, the latter Umited himself for the present to a vigorous
musketry action. French shells crashed through the cemetery
wall in many places, and set fire to some houses in the interior
of the town. Renewed impetuous attacks of the French infantry
were again successfully repulsed by the defenders, who were
now entirely dependent on the ammunition in their pouches4
It was not until General v. Woyna took part in the struggle
with the 57th Regiment, assembled at La Rue Boussier, and
with the batteries now replenished at tliat ploce with ammunition,

* 14 squadrons strong. One squadron of the Stli Lancers was at Nemours,
one of the 4thLancers at the outposts. With regard to the 9th and 12th Lancers,
sec Part II, p. 310.

5tK and 7th
t On the north- west side of Beaune "were posted at this time the -^ i

r>thandl2tli _,, ,. *^ . .. .r .i._ Hth

and detachments of the

16 10

X The small-arm ammunition imggons had boon withdrawn with the ether
regimental waggons before the commcnceuicut of the action.

319

that the engagement took a favoiimblo tuni. On the right
wing three companies* took up a firm position on the west
side of Romainville. i\jiother aetachmentf advancing towards
the copses at La Pierre Percee met with so obstinate a resist-
ance that it had to seek cover in a ditch ; on the left of the
Beamie road Colonel v. Cranach, with seven companics4 had,
however, in spite of a heavy musketry fire, reached, towards 3
o'clock, the south edge of the plateau and the eastside of the town.
The four batteries § had meanwhile advanced beyond the Cassar
road, and come into action to the north-east of Beaune. The
3rd Horse Artillery Battery fired with efiect upon the French
infantry, which made repeated advances from Ormetrou and
Moulins de la Montage towards the heights of Les Roches ;
the other three batteries facing the west prevented the advance
of the adversary from the direction of Batilly,

Meanwhile Captain Soest, with five divisions of the 57th
Begiment,!! had forced his way into the northern angle of the
copse at La Pierre Percee, which had been attacked in vain a
short time before by the 3rd Company. The resistance on the
part of the enemy which still continued in the interior was,
however, only overcome with the aid of the 5th Infantry Division
now appearing on the scene of action.

This latter had, in accordance with the arrangements from
Army Head-quarters, assembled duringthe morning at Dadonville,
to aftbrd any support which might be required to the Xth Corps,
whilst the 6th Division with the Corps Artillery arrived at
Pithiviers. Although the first intelligence with regard to the
action in the neighbourhood of Beaune had not appeared to be
alarming, and the Corps Artillery had already returned to its
quarters, the Oeneral Commanding had become convinced about
noon, from later reports and from the increasing roar of
artillery, that a serious attack by the French was imminent.

The order which he now issued for an advance upon Boynes
met the 5th Division while already on its way thither. Prince
Frederic Charles, who was posted with part of his staff on the
Windmill Hill to the south of that village, caused the
Division, as well as the cavalry assembled at Butte de
rOrmeteau,to move onward in a southerly direction at 2 o'clock.
The two horse artillery batteries of the Corps, and the
6th Division likewise on the march, were to follow to Boynes.
Of the latter the 2nd battahon 24th Regiment had already
arrived at Dadonville as relief to the outposts before the depar-
tiu-e of the 5th Division from that place, and had afterwards been
despatched on the right flank towards Courcelles, a]id now

• 1st, 4th, Gth ^^.^.^]^ ^^^^ joined by other detachments of tho 2nd Battalion.

67
t Bid, t 2nd, 8th, and Fus ^^^ ^^^ p. Company.

67 67 ' ^ ^

§ Ist Hearr, Ist Li^^ht, and the two Hone ArtiUeiy Batteries.

„ 3rd, ^ 6th, and ^^ 7th

II ^

820

watched the French troops* in this village, who on their side
did not pass to the attack.

When the advanced guard of the 5th Divisionf had reached
Butte de TOrmeteau, the 52nd Regiment deployed on the south
of the height at that point, whilst the 3rd Rifle BattaUon
secured the right flank towardia Arconville; the three batteries of
the main body, with the 12th Regiment, followed the advanced
guard.

With a rapid onset the riflemen drove the enemy from the
wooded hill to the north-east of Arconville, and afterwards
maintained a stationary musketry action with the troops
assembled at Batilly, in which, towards 4.30 p.m., three batteries
and two companies of the 9th Brigade^ took part. Some
languid attacks on the part of the adversary were repulsed
without difficulty.

The 1st Light Battery and the Horse Artillery Battery of
the 1st Cavahy Division had meanwhile, from a position to the
north of the Fosse des Pres, directed their fire upon the enemy
posted on the west side of Beaunc. After the arrival of the
two still available batteries of the main body§ Captain Stocphasius
led the 1st Light Battery past the infantry as far as the bridge
over the Fosse des Pres, whither the others shortly after
followed. The fusilier battaUon 52nd Regiment passing to the
attack by way of La Pierre Percie, and the 57th fighting ne-ar
the copses at that poiat, now gained complete possession of
those woods and of tiie gun whicn had been previously lost there.

To the west of the high road Colonel v. Wulflten had led
forward six more companies of the 52nd Regiment against the
Bois dela Leu, where the French after the loss of La Pierre Perc^e
were offering but feeble resistance. The 12th Regiment, brought
up in support of the advanced guard, then dispersed on the
south-west side of Beaune the last stragglers of the retreating
enemy. The latter, it is true, made that same evening another
attempt to storm the stubbornly defended town, but on this
occasion also was repulsed by the 16th Regiment, in conjunction
with the 1st Hoi'se Ai-tillery Battery 10th Regiment posted at the

* Betachmeiits of Colonel Oathelineau's FTanctiTettn and a scouting company
of the 16th Corps.

t Distribution of the 5th Infantry Dirision : —

Adyanccd (d^uard : Colonel r. Wuiffcn : — 52ud Be^imcnt, 3rd Kiilo Battalion,
12th Dragoons, 1^ Li^rht^Batterr

Main Body : Major-General y. Schwerin : — 12th Ghrenadiers, 9th Infantry
Brigade, two '.qnadrons 12th Lmcew, ^"^ ^'g''^' ^'*'^f ^"'^ "''^y ZndKonccr

Company.

6th and 8tli 38tand2nd and 2 squadrons 12th Lancers were at the outposts,
48 52 ^ ^ *

?*1L as garrison in Pithiyiers, 5^^ and 8th ^^ Nemours.
8 12

^ 2nd Heayy, Ist and 3rd H. A. Batteries , 5th and 7th

* 111 * ^ 48
g Ist Heavy and 2nd Light

^ "in •

321

cemetery. Whilst the two fusilier battalions of the 10th Brimde
now advanced in pursuit, and continued this as far as Mont-
barrois and Jarrisoy, eight batteries,* deployed on either side of
Beaune, hurled their projectiles into the masses of the retreating
columns. The German cavalry found its further advance
prevented by the unfavourable character of the ground and the
darkness which had supervened.

After the struggle nad come to a conclusion, the Xth Corps
encamped at Beaune and Long Cours, the 5th Division at
La Pierre Perc^e and Marcilly, the ()th at Boynes. The
1st Cavalry Division was quartered in the last-named village,
the line of outposts in front of the Xth Army Corps was
extended through Batilly and Arconville as far as Mousseaux.
The 50th Infantry and 4th Cavalry Brigades, which that morning
had reached Bazoches les GaUerandes, extended their advanced
troops posted between Oison and Frapuy as far as the Kimarde
brooK, m consequence of the departure of the Illi'd Army Corps.
On the French side the 18th Corps remained during the night
at Venouille, Juranville, and Maizi&res ; the 20th resumed its
former positions at Belle^arde and Boiscommun, Colonel Cathe-
lineau's Franctireurs withdrew again from Courcelles under
cover of the forest.

In the battle of Beaune la Rolande the Germans at first had
only employed 11,000 men and 70 guns against the adversary,
who had some 60,000 men and 138 guns. The latter had lost
nearly 1,300 men killed and wounded; besides these, some
1,800 imwounded prisoners fell into the hands of the Germans,
whose total loss amounted to 900 men.t

The Head-quarters Staff of the Ilnd Army was unable, on
the evening of the 28th November, to grasp to its full extent
the importance of the victorv which had oeen gained. As it was
rather expected on the following day that the enemy would
renew his attack, and to meet sucn attempts the co-operation of
the IXth Army Corps appeared desirable, General v. Manstein
received instructions to move off with two brigades verjr early
next morning to Boynes and Bazoches les GaUerandes ; but tlie
rest of his Corps was only to follow those troops after the
arrival of the Grand Duke's Detachment at Toury.J The IILrd
and Xth Corps were to concentrate in positions of readiness at
Beaune la Rolande and Long Cours.§

During these preparations on the German side General
Crouzat, in reply to his report on the issue of the engagement

* Tho four batteries alreadj tinlimbered at the Fosse des Prds, and in addition
the Ist Ligbt and Ist HeaTj, as well aa the two Horse Artillery Batteries of the lOih
Artillery Kegiment.

t For details of the German losses, see Appendix XCIIL

t See Part II. p. 311.

§ The occupation of Chateau Landon bj a Brigade of the Xth Corps, wliich was
originally contemplated, and once m3ro ordered for the erening of the 28th
Korember, was again abandoned, as a report came in from a detachment at that
place that the adversary had quitted his adronced positions in the Loing Valley.

322

snbmitted on the evening of tlie 28th, received mstructions from
Tours to refrain for the present from anv further attack on the
German positions. In consequence of tliis the French, on the
29th November, retired from Venouille and Juranville in the
direction of Ladon. The German outposts followed tins
movement ; the other troops were in consequence moved into

Zuarters. In the evening tne three brigades of the Xth, the Ilird
lorps, the 50th Brigade, and the 2nd Cavalry Division, were posted
between Lorcy and Pithiviei*s, the 49th Brigade at Bazoches
les GaUerandes, tiie 1st Cavalry Division in alarm-quarters at
Barville and Boynes. The 18th Division guarded the Orleans-
Paris road, on which at Toury the 4th Cavalry Division, the
advance of the Grand Duke's Detachment, had likewise arrived.
Of the Infantry Divisions of the latter, the 22nd had
reached AUaines and Ymonville, the 17th had pushed forward
an advanced guard from Germignonville to Bazoches les
Hautes, and the 17th Dragoons to Loigny.

The 1st Bavarian Corps, on their march from Chdteaudun to
Orgires, when abreast of Civry, had come across some detach-
ments of Lieutenant-Colonel Lipowsky's Franctireurs posted at
Varize, and, after a few rounds from the battery of the advanced
guard, had driven them from their positions. Hereupon Varize
also was stormed by two battalions,* and a French rearguard
left there taken prisoners. As the squadrons scouting on the
right flank found the neighbourhood there clear of the enemy,
the Corps resumed its march as far as Orgferes at 11 o'clock.

Dunng the action at Varize, Digard's Cavalry Brigade
stationed to the south of Civry, had withdrawn to Tournoisis,
while the detachments sent towards Chiiteaudun remained in
their positions. Upon these latter chanced to fall the advanced
guard of the 6th Cavalry Division,! which, moving forward on the
right flank of the Bavarians from Courtalain by wav of Cloyes,
drove back, with the aid of a few roimds o^ shell, a hostile
squadron from Morgue to Toumoisis ; but, in view of the
enemy's superior force^ abstained from attacking the latter place.
The Division occupied quarters at Villampuy, and retained the
16th Hussai-8 in an advanced position at Villamblain. A
division of this regiment dispersed after dark a detachment of
French cavalry in the neighbourhood of Toumoisis, and made
part of them prisoners.

For the 30tn November Prince Frederic Charles had ordered
the Xth and Illrd Corps to reconnoiti'e in the direction of
Boiscommuu and Montargis, whilst the IXth was to draw
nearer to Beamie. and the Detachment of the Grand Duke of
Mecklenburg was to extend to the left as far as Bazoches les
GaUerandes. The 22nd Infantry Division, marching at the
head of the latter, only, however, reached Tourv, whence

• Hl^ and 7th Rifle Battalion.
10

t 16th Hussan and two guns of the 2nd Horse Artillery Battery, llird Army

Corps. By order of the G-rand Duke, the Bavarian bottaJHons, hitherto attached to

the Caralry Dirisions, had rejoined their Corps.

323

it threw forward detachments of infantry along the high road
to Orleans, in support of the 2nd Cavahy Division; the 17th
Division reached AUaines, the Ist Bavarian Corps remained at
Orgires. In advance of the front of these troops, the patrols
ascertained the presence of the enemy between Terminiers,
Dambron, and Asch^res. On the right ^ving the Gth Cavalry
Division, which, in accordance with orders from Army Ueaa«
Quarters, was transferred to the Ilnd Army, moved in a noi*therly
oirection to Nottonville and Dancy, after having again met
with lar^e bodies of troops in its recoDnaissance towards
Toumoisis. To replace it, the 4th Cavalry Division was sent
from the neighbourhood of Touit to the outer flank of the
Grand Duke's Detachment; it reacned Sancheville and Viabon
on the 30th.

On the French side orders had been issued for bringing up
on this day the two Corps on the right wing of the Army of the
Loire to the positions of the 15th Corps, while, for the protec-
tion of these movements, arrangements had been made for
pushing forward minor detachments towards the north. One
of these latter made an attack at daybreak upon the 2nd
BattaUon 48th Regiment, which, on the evening before,
had taken up a position in some farmhouses at the
north border of Montbarrois. With the assistance of tho
3rd Rifle Battalion, which hastened to the spot, it succeeded
towards noon in again dislodging the adversary, who had
penetrated into the village ; in this action the Rifles captured
about 100 prisoners. A more considerable hostile column,
meanwhile despatched from St. Loup towards VilUers, withdrew
again to the southward on the approach of a company of
the 52nd and the 1st Li^ht Battery. In advance of the front
of the Corps, strong bodies of French troops also showed them-
selves at other points.

The General Commanding the Xth Army Corps had
ordered for this day the 39th Brigade to advance in the direc-
tion of St. Loup, Maiziires, and Lorcy ; the 38 th to occupy
quarters at Long Cour and Corbeilles ; the 37th, if possible, to
reoccupy Montargis.

When the first-named brigade was advancing, about 8.30
a.m., from Les Cotelles along the road to Bellogarde, its leading
troops were fired upon from Aiaizieres. In consequence of this the
three companies of the advanced guard* deployed against the
west firont of the last-named place, whilst the four guns belonging

* Distribution of the 39th Brigade : —

Advanced Gourd : 9th, 10th, and 12th ^^^ diTisious of Dragoons and four

56
guns of the Srd Light Battery.

MainBodv: 2nd^;_imdjus. Srd and 4th ij jq„adrons Dragoons, and

3rd HeaTj Battery.

Of the rest of the Brigade, 6 companies were at the outpotts, 6 companies)
2 iqnadrons, and 2 guns at Ck&teau Lanc^on; 2 companies were employed in
escorting the train*

Cavalry Diviaon then proceeded, by way of La Maladeiie and
Org^res, to La Frileuse, whither also the 10th Brigade was
brought forward from its previous position of observation at
Comieres. Hostile detachments whicn were despatched towanJs
the Chateaudun high road retired in disorder before the mass of
German cavalry to Villeve, and left 300 prisoners in then'
hands ; a flanking division of the 6th Lancers rode down a group
of infantry soldiers to the north of ViUerand, most of whom laid
down their arms. As Michel's Cavalry Division, pushed forward
in the forenoon to Guillonville, had meanwhire retreated to
Muzelles, Admiral Jaur^guiberry now caused the ground between
Villepion Mill and Villerand to be occupied by a regiment of
Oaroe Mobile.

Against the latter village Major-Geueral v. Orff had led
forward five battalions of the 2nd Bavarian Brigade.* These
were, however, overwhelmed by so vigorous a fire from MorAle
Farm and from the road to Chartres, mat the battaUons of the
2nd Regiment sought cover to the north of the farm, in the
copse which, as ah-eady mentioned, had been occupied by a
detachment of the Bodfy Guard Regiment ; while those of the
11th Regiment, in consequence of the absence of any cover
whatever, sufiered considerable loss, and the 9th Rifle Bat-
talion had to be withdrawn in order to replenish its ammunition.
After, however, the horse artilleiy batteries of the Cuirassier
Brigade, and of the 4th Cavalry Division, from the ground to the
south-west of La Maladerie,had taken the enemy in flank and rear,
and the Bavarian Artillery, reinforced by two batteries, which
had come into action to the soutli-west of Tanon,t had set
Mor&le Farm on fire, the battaUons of the 2nd Brigade, on
the renewal of their attack, gained permanent possession of the
farm and road embankment.

Further on the left, the Bavarian troops assembled at Beau-
villiers had, up to that time, only succeeded, with great diffi-
culty, in checking the impetuous advance of the French ; these
latter had already approached within such close distance of the
park at Ch&teau Goury that the batteries therej had to retire
to a position further in rear. The success gained on the right
flank, however, now rapidly spread to the other parts of the
line of battle. Advancing from Beauvilliers and Ch&teau
Goury, and throwing back Jaureguiberry's Division opposed

' ^ coming from TanoD, in first line, which was also joined by the

^ , ■ ^}^^ . ; l!i^!;4JIl^ and the 9thBifle Battalion following from

Body auard Begiment 11 ^

Yillepr^TOst; and the 4lh Bifle Battalion were at Beauvilliers.

. 7th 6-pr. and 12th 12-pr.

3rd Bay.

SthG-pr. 6th and 6th 6-pr.

Ist BaT.' 3rd Bav.

325

20th Diviaion* left at Neufchtlteau also reached the Loing
Valley. This Division had commenced its advance to Langres
on the 12th November, and, after driving in some detachments
of Garde Mobile on the 16th, took up a position before the north
and west fronts of the fortress, and had already made prepara-
tions for cannonading that place with field artillery, when it
received orders from Army Head-quarters on the 19th to move
up at once to the Loire, leaving in front of Langres two bat-
tahons, one squadron, and a battery.f In execution of these
orders, and avoiding any serious engagement conformably witli
instructions, General v. Kraatz, on the 30th, reached the neigh-
bourhood north-east of Chdteau Landon, by way of Tonnerre,
Joimy, Courtenajr, and Oh6roy.

Tne reconnaissances and actions on the left wing of the
ILid Army which took place on the latter date, as also tho
statements of the prisoners, had established without doubt the
presence of considerable hostile forces to the east of the Forest
of Orleans, whose speedy advance must be the more reckoned
upon as a communication had just reached the Royal Head-
(juarters with regard to a great sortie of the garrison of Paris
in a south-easterly direction. Prince Frederic Charles resolved
in consequence, with his three Corps united, to await, in the first
place, the enemy's attack. The Grand Duke's Detachment
was summoned to extend, on the following day, as far as the
Roman road, and to despatch the 6th Cavalry Division to the
neighbourhood of Oinville, whilst the 2nd Cavalry Division was
now once more to rejoin the Detachment.

At a very early hour in the morning of the 1st December,
the patrols reconnoitring in front of the Ilnd Army established
with certainty that the enemy had retired to the south-west
and south, evacuating Maizieres and Boiscommun. In con-
sequence, this latter village was occupied by the 1st Battalion
48th Regiment; Maizieres by the 10th Rifle BattaUon. Re-
connoitring detachments, pushing still further ahead, foimd
Bellegarde and the heights north of Ladon still occupied by
the French, who, according to the reports of the 6th Infantiy
Division and of the IXth Corps, had remained in their previous
positions at the northern edge of the Forest of Orleans. On
the left wing of the Xth Corps, whither, in the course of the
day, General v. Eraatz's Detachment arrived at Bordeaux, pre-
parations for destroying the road from Montargis to Beaumont
were observed.

Under these circumstances, an advance of the French to
the east of the Orleans-Paris road was not to be expected at
present ; a report firom the Detachment which reached that

* See Fart IT, p. 284

t The foUowing pcmained in front of Langres : ^'^ ^^^ ^"'- , ?*i^ , and

17 16th Drag.

^^ I under the command of Colonel y. Ehrcnbcrg.

M 2

32G

evening the Head-^narteins of Prince Frederic Charies pointed
rather to other designs on the pait of the enemy.

In accordance with the Princess orders, the 22nd Division
had on this day extended itself to the left as far as Bazoches
les Gallerandes; the 17th occupied the country to the west as
far as Germignonville, and pubhed forward an advanced guard
to Bazoches les Hautes. Tne 6th Cavalry Division, which had
become part of the Ilnd Army, had reached the neighbourhood
of Toury, but had left the 15 th Lancers, for the present, at the
outposts near Gmllonvillc. The latter had already, towards
seven in the morning, observed the advance of strong hostile
detachments, the heads of which retired before the Lancers
upon Patay. When, at 1 p.m , the 10th Lancers sent forward
as reUef from the 4th Cavalry Division, and at the same time
the 9th Cavalry Brigade were carrying on a reconnaiesauce on
a lai*ge scale, both of them came into collision on the north of
the latter village with lines of French skirmishers, behind
which heavy masses were marching in the du-ection of Sougy.

In consequence of the movements of troops at Patay, ob-
served also by the patrols of the 1st Bavarian Corps, General
V. d. Tann had caused the Cuirassier Brigade to advance by
way of Terminiei-s,* and appointed the 1st Infantry Brigade,
posted at Gommiers, to support it. The rest of the Corps held
itself in readiness at La Maladerie. but was dismissed to its
quarters at 1 p.m., as appearances led to the behef that the
enemy, who had already retired, was only contemplating a
reconnaissance.

An hour later, however, the Bavarian Cuirassiers met with
stronger detachments of French infantry abreast of Rouvray,
which were speedily recognized as the advanced guai*d of a
body of troops advancing from Patay. General v. Dietl
ordered in consequeuce the occupation of Gommiers, and
two 6-pounder batteries t to come iuto action on either side of
the village. On the left "wing the Cuu*assier Brigade, with
two batteries of horse artillery, posted themselves near Touriette
Farm ; on the right, the 9th Prussian Cavalry Brigade at Guil-
lonville, for the defence of which place a Bavarian battahon was
appointed.} Scarcely were these positions occupied than the
enemy passed to the attack with strong detachments.

After the unsuccessful advance of the right wing of the
Army of the Loire, the official communication sent four days
previously from Paris had reached the Government of Tours
on the 30th November, § to the effect that General Ducrot, with

* Terminicrs, after its evacuation br the Freucli in tbc morning, had been occu-
pied by the iJararian outposts.
X 6th and 7th 6-pr. Batteriea.

IstiJav.
t To the 9th CaTalry Brigade vere attached the 12th Bararian Infantry Begi-

ment and the ^°^ ^P^- Battery.

l8t BaT.
§ The balloon despatched with the communication in question had been carried
out of its course as iar as Norway ; from that country the intelligence was tnins-
mitted to the French (jh>vemment at Tours.

327

100,000 men and 400 guus, would, on the 29th, make an
attempt to break out to the southward, and then move
towards the Lou*e, probably in the du-ection of Gien, in order to
join the forces supposed to be at Bourges. As from this it was
to be inferred that General Ducrot had been engaged for two
days, and that tlierefore assistance could no longer be de-
layed, the order for an immediate advance of the whole of the
Army of the Loire to Pithiviers, was that same evening laid before
a coimcil of war assembled at the head-quarters of General
d*Aurelle.* Such being the posture of affairs, the French Com-
mander-in-Chief resolved, in the first place, to change front to
the right with the left wing, for which movement the 1st Division
of the 15th Corps was to form the jnvot at Chillers aux Bois.
The defence of Orleans was entrusted to the 17th Corps, brought
forward as far as Coulmiers; whilst the 21st, concentrated
meanwhile at Le Mans, was moved upon Vendome. The two
Corps of the right wing, the 18th and 20th, were, in their
previous quarters at the eastern border of the Forest of Orleans,
to await the order for an advance to Pithiviers.

EnOAOEMENT at VlLLEPION.t

In execution of the foregoing resolutions of those having
the supreme direction of the French Army, the 2nd and 3rd
Divisions of the 16th Corps advanced, in the forenoon of the
Ist December, from St. Pcravy-la-Colombe to Sougy, the 1st
Division 'with one Brigade towards Gommiers, with the other
towards Guillonville. On the left wing l^IicheFs Cavalry Division
extended as far as the La Conie ; the right flank was guarded
by a weak detachment of cavalry.

As soon as Bourdillon's Brigade came within range of

the position at Gommiers, it was briskly cannonaded by the four

Bavarian batteries at that place. In consequence of this

Rear-Admiral Jaur^guiberry also brought some artillery into

action, under cover of his infantry, which had been pushed

forward to Guillard Farm. As, moreover, the 9th Cavalry

Brigade was compelled, by the advance of Deplanque's Brigade

upon Guillonville, and hj Michel's Cavalry Division threatening

an outflanking movement, to retire upon Cormainville, the

Bavarians found the right flank of their position uncovered,

and consequently General v. Dietl, towards 3 p.m., led back his

troops to Villepion under a heavy fire from the enemy. Two

battalions occupied the houses on the east side of the park

there, whilst a battery, escorted by a battahon, unlimbered on

the west side of it. The other two batteries, one infantry

battalion, and a rifle company, formed the left wing of the 1st

Bavarian Brigade on the road to Faverolles. For the security

* If. Frcjcinct, an oiliciol of the War Office, entmsted with conTCTing tliu order,
carried with him a signed decree from the GoTernment, which, in the eyent of
General d'Aurelle refusing to carry out the instructions, proTided for his dimiasal.

t See Plan No. 23.

328

of the right flank two compauies took post to the south-west of
Nonneville ; tliree rifle companies remamed behind Villepion in
reserve.* The Cuirassier Brigade held itself in readiness to take
part on the north of Faverolles.

Deplanque's Brigade appearing at this time before Nonne-
ville, came across the 2na Bavarian Infantry Brigade, which
General v. d. Tann, at 2.30 p.m., sent forward from Orgires by
way of Villeve, in conseauence of reports received as to the
enemy's movements. Anier the two leading battalions and
the 3rd 4-poundcr battery had flrst come into action to the
north-east of Chanvreux, two &-ponnder batteries attached to
the brigade unlimbered to the west of Nonneville. Of the
other battalions of the brigade, one was held in reserve, four
others moved up on the right wing fEtcing Comidres into
the fighting line, the flank of which was covered by the 8rd

Chevauxleffer8.t

Meanwhile the left flank of the position at Villepion was
also threatened by Bourdillon's Brigade and two brigades of
Michel's Cavalrj'' Division, but was opportunely supported by the
4tli Bavarian Infantry Brigade, which had heard the roar of
artillciy while on the march to its quarters at Loigny. Major-
General v. d. Tann caused, in the first place, the 8th 6-po\mder
Batteiy Ifet Ai-tillery Regiment, to trot forward to \illepiou
under escort of half a squadron, and to be followed thither by the
13th Infantiy Kegiment. The 3rd battahon of the latter Veri-
ment occupied Faverolles, whilst the other two battalions and me
battery just mentioned advanced into the fighting line between
this village and Villepion. The 7th Rifle Battahon and the
6-pounder battery of the 1st Artillery Regiment halted at the
southern issue nrom Loigny ; the rest of the troops of the
Brigade^ had remained at the village of Lumeau, which during

* The following wm therefore the diitxibution of the troope on the left wing of
the Villepion position t-—

On the east side of the park : _- — IfL- and —,

'^ Body G-d. Eegt. 1

On the west side of the park : ^^^EL and , ^ ^^ ^

'^ 1st Bar. Body Gd. Begt.

On the load to Farerolles : l^LtEE: J^^iL^EE:, iM, and /^,

1st Bar. 1 ' 2nd£ifles'

kt. tc ^ '11 0th and 10th
At rvonneTiUo! ;r—

Body Gd. Rcgt.

Reserve: ^"^^ ^° V"^ ^^'^
2nd Biiics.

The park was surrounded on the side facing the enemy with an eight-foot
wall. But OS time did not permit of the airangement of banquettes, the defence
of the wall had to be abandoned.

f On the right wing the troops were posted as follows r—

Between Nonneville and Comi^res from left to right : ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^f^\

drd Bav.

9th Rinc., Hlli\ ™i:dandnnd 1st 8rd 4-pr. ^^^ ^ ^^^ 3^ ^^^^^^

11 2 '11 IstBar.

legow. j,t

In reserve : — .
2

$ lOtli Inf. Best., 3 squadrons 4th Chevauxlegers, and the 4tli 4-pr. Battery

1st Artillery Begimcut.

329

the morning had been also approached by weak French detach-
mentfi from Anneanx.

In spite of their heavy losses, the Bavarians held their ground
against the repeated attacks of the enemy's superior forces ; an
attempt of the 2nd BattaUon 2nd Regiment to gain possession
of Chauvreux Farm failed, however, owing to the effective
musketry fire of the French. Lieutenant-General v. Stephan,
commanding the Division, was, whilst in the ranks of the 2nd
Brigade, so severely wounded by a shell splinter and a bidlet
that he was forced to hand over the command to Major-General
V. Dietl. When the 3rd 6-pounder battery found itseli* compelled
to limber up in consequence of the forward pressure of the right
wing of Deplanques' Brigade upon Nonneville, Piiace Leopold
of Bavaria, with the four still serviceable guns of the 4th
6-pounder battery, brought the charging infantry to a stand
by a rapid fire of case. Although the two nearest compcmies
of the Body Guard Regiment had already expended their
ammunition, part of the 9th remained ^vith tide guns in action,
in order to defend them if necessary with the bayonet. The
2nd Rifle Battalion hurrying up from its reserve position in
rear of Villepion Park warded off the danger at this point of
the fighting line.

Meanwhile, however, three battalions of Bourdillon^s Bri-
gade, under the personal leading of Kear-Admiral Jaur^guiberry
had penetrated to the east side of Villepion. In conse-
quence of the increasing darkness, and of the want of ammuni-
tion generally experienced, General v. Dietl caused the Ist
Brigade to retire, imder cover of the 1st Battalion Body Guard
Regiment, upon Loigny, whither the Cuirassier Brigade had
already preceded it. On the right wing of the Bavarians, the 2nd
Brigade, in conjunction with the 2nd Rifle BattaUon left at
Nonneville, held the position they had taken up, until the
enemy had ceased firing, towards 6 o'clock. General v. Orff
then Drought back his troops unmolested to Org^res ; in the
evening the same place was reached by the 3rd Brigade,
assemmed since 4 p.m. at La Maladerie, which, in con*

{'unction with the 4th Brigade, brought up fi'om FaveroUes to
joigny, placed outposts between Lumeau and the Orgires-
Ch&teaudun road. Further on the right, the 10th Lancers had
from Cormainville pushed forward one squadron to Bazoches en
Dunois, another to Bomneville, and a third in the direction of
the enemy at Gaubert, whilst the rest of the 4th Cavaliy
Division was placed in quarters to the north of the La Conie.
Opposite the German outposts was encamped the ItJth French
Corps at Villepion, Terminiers, and Sougy; the 17th had
reached St. Peravy and despatched a brigade to Patay.

The losses of the Bavarians in the action at Villepion
amoimted to more than 900, those of the French to about
1,100 men.

33(1

TJie success, Hlight though it wa«, Avhich had been gamed by
the left w'iup: of the Army of the Loh'e at Villepion, aroused in the
(lovcrmnent at Tours great confidence of victory, the newg
of the advance of General Ducrot as far as Epinay having also
anived there during the coiurse of the day. Under the belief
that this General had broken through tie luie of investment
before Paris, and must now be at Longjumeau,* Gam-
betta announced to the country the imminent defeat of the
Germans. Whilst the leader of Franctireurs, Cathelineau,
received orders to thj'ow himself as quickly as possible into the
forest of Fontainebleau, General d'Aurelle, on his side, ordered a
fui'ther advance of his left wing for the 2nd December. The
IGth Corps was to endeavour to reach Allaines, Janville,-and
Toury, the 17th to follow to Patay and Sougy, the 15tli, while
temporarilv retaining its hold of Chilleui-s and Neuvillo aux
Bois, to take the direction of Santilly.

The Battle of Loignt-Pouprt, 2xd December.

Engnpement From the reports which reached the head-quartei's of the

of the 1st Grand Duke of Mecklenburg on the Ist December, an immediate

a)rW9 1 1 ^^^^^ ^" *^® P^^^ ^^ *^® enemy was expected. The Ist
o'clock). ^ Bavarian Corps consequently received instructions that same

evening to hold itself in readiness for action at Loigny by
8 a.m., whilst at the same hour the 17th Division at Santilly,
and tlie 21st at Tivemon, were to await further orders. As
shortly after, on that same night, a report arrived containing
more detailed information with regard to the presence of con-
siderable bodies of French troops close in front of the right wing
of the Detachment, the Grand Duke resolved to meet them with-
out delay with united forces. In accordance witli the arrange-
ments issued for this purpose, which reached the troops at their
respective places of rendezvous towards 8 a.m. on the 2nd
December, the Ist Bavarian Corps,t with its left flank appuyed

* In the neighbourhood of Longjumeau lies Epinay but Orge ; but the place in
question is Epinoi near St. Denis, which during the eoitie of the 30th Norember had
been temporarily occupied by the French. Sec subsequent description.

t On the 2nd Dec. there was with the —

Ist Brigade the -= — ^'^ '
* Ist Bay.

2nd „ „ 9th Rifle Battalion and the ?I^'Prr

Ist Bav.

8rd „ „ 2nd42r.

Ist Bay.

4th „ „ 1±±E1-

Ist Bar.

Besides these from the artillery reserre, the - — ~ |__lEL" were attached to the

^ 3rd iJav.

^^4. rv:-:-;^., *i 5th and Ctli G-pr. » ,i « i t\- • • i *.i 2n.l II.A.B. .^ ,i
1st DiTision, the i — to the 2iia Division, and the to the

3rd Bav. 3rd Bar.

• «•» I
Ot)l

on CMtcau Goury, was now to ttike post to the north-east of
Loigny, while the 17th Division was to advance forthwith to
Lumeau, the 22nd, ^Wth tlie 3rd Cavalry Brigade, to liaigneaux.
The other two brigades of the 2nd Cavalry Division were
charged with the security of the Orleans-Paris road, while the
4th Cavaliy Division had the duty assigned to it of covering
the right flank.

The Ist Bavarian Coips,* wliich had been assembled since
6.30 a.m. at LaMaladerie, liad received reports from its outposts
of the advance of strong hostile columns upon Loigny and
Lumeau. The Coi*ps had. in accordance with orders, just com-
menced its advance in a south-easterly direction when the
French skirmishers began to ascend the neight between Loigny
and Villerand. Li consequence of this, the advanced troops,t
already engaged in a slight skirmish at Lumeau, were brought up
as quickly as possible to Ch&teau 6omy ; in the same direction
also advanced the 4Mi Infantry Brigade, leaving a battalion in
Beauvilliers, and tliree batteries with the 7th Rifle BattaUonina
position on the east side of this village. Of the troops of tliis
i3rigade now arriving at Ch&teau Goury, one battalion reinforced
the garrison of the Ch&teau, the rest were posted in rear of the
Park as reserve. The 3rd Brigade, which was following imme-
diately after, left the 1st Rifle battalion with the 2nd 4-pounder
battery at BeauvilUei*s, and then moved up with five battalions
and one ({-pounder battery into the fighting line between the
first-named farm and Ch&teau Goury4 In rear of the centre
of the Divison was posted the 4th Chevauxlegers wth the 6th
()-pounder Battery, i5rd Artillery Regiment. The Ist Division,
the Cuirassier Brigade, and tiie still available part of the

CuirasBicr Brigado. The ^ irore left aa escort to the other batteries

of the artillery reserre.

^^^^ was with the train, ^i^ at BambouiUct, and the ^^^

Body Guard Regiment 11 10

with the ammunition column.

* The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, in consequence of the issue of the engaffe-
ment at Villepion, had, as a supplementary arrangement, approred of the 1st
Bavarian Corps assemblhig at 6'30 a.m., at La Maladehe.

t Ilird Ist, 8rd, and 4th 4th 4>pr.
10 4th CheYauxlegers^ Ist Bav.
t At 9.30 a.m. the positions were as follows :— -

In OhAteau Cbuiy, IHT^, l^,

^ 10 13

Behind Chateau Gourr, T«^^"dIInd ^^^ Ilird

10 13

BetweenChAteauGourTandBcauvillicrs,-?i^±EEL, ^th 4>pr., 6th and 8th 6-pr.

3rd Bav. Ist Bar.

1st, IlDd, lllnl Ist, Ilnd , ,.., T)-n t> ai t

— ~ , — -r- — , and /th Rifle Battalion.

8 I2S

Ir. and near Beauvilliers, ili^, ™[^, Ist Rifle Battalion, and ^°^ ^P''-

13 12 ' Ist, Bav.*

332

artillery reserve took post at Villeprevost, whilst the 4th Cavalry
Division at Tanon covered the right flank of the Bavarians.*

The latter had only just reached the prescribed points when
the adversary led forward heavy masses from Loigny to the
attack.

At 8 a.m. General Chanzy had ordered the 2nd Division of
his Corps to advance from Terminiers upon Loigny, the 3rd upon
Lumeau ; the Ist followed the left wing as reserve^ Michels
Cavalry Division accompanying the forward movement on the
left flank.

The first-named Division, in spite of the heavy shell fire of
the Bavariaji artillery, moved forward about 9 o'clock from
Loigny close up to Beauvilliers, but then found itself compelled
to retire by a counterattack of the 3rd Bavarian Regiment, which
now, in conjunction with three other battahons, followed at the
heels of the foe retreating in disorder. As these troopsf came
into colUsion, abreast of Ecuillon, with the 1st Division of the 16th
French Corps, which was advancing with Bourdillon's Brigade
upon Ch&teau Goury and Beauvilliers, and with Deplanque's
Brigade by way of Morale Farm upon Villeprivost, while at the
same time' also the head of Maurandy's Division appeared to the
north of Neuvilliera, Major-General Roth caused the battalion
on his right wing and the second line to wheel up towards
Loigny and Fougeu. The 3rd Battalion 3rd Regiment, in con-
junction with the Bavarian artillery and infantry,} which had
meanwhile moved forward from ChAteau Goury, undertook the
duty of guarding the left fiank.

For half an hour the advanced troops resisted the forward
pressure of the French lines of skinnishers. But as the
battalions of Bourdillon's Brigade passed to the attack at
10.30 a.m., the Bavarians, imder heavy lo8s§ evacuated their
position, endeavouring in vain by a coimter attack to ward off
the pursuing enemy. After the first line of the French had
been for a short time held in check by the fire of the garrison of
BeauvilHers and of the line of guns deployed to the east of
this village, as also by the charge of the ^tix Chevauxlegers, it
came in its further advance within the most effective range of
the Bavarian artillery.

General v. d. Tann, in order to ward off the attack of
Deplanque's Brigade, directed upon his right Sank, had de-
ployed the Ist Division and the artillery reserve between Tanon
and Beauvilliers, and had occupied the former place with two

• The 3rd squadron lOth Lancers, on outpost duty at Boumeyille, had been
surprised at daybreak bv a French reconnoitring detachment, and had been forced
to retire after a* gallant resistance.

t 7th Bifle Battalion, I^^^ ^^^^^ ^"^^^^ in first line, Zit^Hnd ^ ^^^^ ^^

I Ilnd , 6th and 6th 6-pr.

"10~ 3rd iiav.

§ Tlie 6 battahons of the 3rd and 12th Begiments had lost 31 officers and 680
men ; Colonel Schuch, commanding the 3rd Infantiy Begiment, and Major t. Mayer
"were mortally wounded.

333

battalions of the 2nd Brigade. To the ri^ht of it the batteries
of the 4th Cavahy Division took post, while on both sides of
Yillepr^yost three Bavarian batteries came into action. The
bulk of the 1st Brigade advanced with two 6-pounder batteries
as far as the edge of the heights between Villepr^vost and
BeauvillierB, and\ept up communication to the left with the
1st Rifle BattaHon.* Shortly after, the parts of the 1st Divi-
sion, which had still remained behind Villepr^vost,t were
brought up as reinforcements; the battalions inserted them-
selves in the fighting line to the north and south of Beau-
villiers, while the guns unHmbered further in rear* Three
batteries of the artillery reserve, taking advantage of the
momentary wavering of the French, reached a position on
either side of the village,! ^ ^^^^ ^^ which assembled the five
battaUons of the 3rd Brigade, which had again come up from
Ecuillon.

Under the measured and well-aimed fire of the Germans, the
enemy's attack was shortly transformed into a stationary action.
In the struggle, which surged backwards and forwards, two com-
panies of the Body Guard Regiment§ succeeded in penetrating
into the long stretch of wood north of Mor&le Farm. A com-
plete success was not, however, obtained until, at 11.30 a«m.,
the 4th Cavalry Division and the 2nd Bavarian Infieuitry Brigade
entered into the straggle.

The batteries of me former had, during the advance of
Deplanque's Brigade, already brought an efiectivo fire to bear
upon the adversary's left fiank from the south edge of the Tanon
heights. Reinforced by the Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade, the

* The following were the positions on the right wing between 10.90 and 11 aon. i
Wertofl^inon:^'^^-^'^- and ^^^^^:

Between Tanon and Villepr^TOst: ^¥;^'^' and ^t^\

'^ 8rd Bar. 1st Bar.

InandnearT1Ilepr^od;:l!^Li^ and 9th Bifle Battalion.
South-east of Yillepr^Tod;: ^^y^^'.

Between Tillepr^st and BeanTilliers.>^°y"l^i"!^ , Istandlind ^^
'^ Bodj Gnard Bogiment 1

5th and 7th 6-pr.
1st Bay.

Behind Villepr^rost, in roseire : j=— r— = t« — : 1» — s — > 2nd and 4th Bifle

'^ Body G-nard Begiment 2

Battalions. l2i^i!l\ »"i >Pd 4tli 6>pr.

t North of Beanyilliers : ^^\

ord Bay.

_, . . 10th 6-pr. ^„ , 9th 6-pr.

^*"^ " " IthBiT ^^"^ iStBST •

§ 6th and 8th. Daring one of the attacks executed at this period, the leader
of the Iftt Infantry Bogiment, Major DafEenreither, fell mortaUj wounded.

334

Cavaliy Divimon then proceeded, by way of La Maladcrie and
Orgtres, to La Frileuse, whither also the 10th Brigade was
brought forward from its previous position of observation at
Comieres. Hostile detachments which were despatched towanJs
the Ch&teaudun high road retired in disorder before the mass of
German cavalry to Yillevc, and left 300 prisoners in theii*
hands; a flanking division of the 6th Lancers rode down a group
of infantry soldiers to the north of Villerand, most of whom laid
down their arms. As Michel's Cavalry Division, pushed forward
in the forenoon to Guillonville, had meanwhile retreated to
Muzelles, Admiral Jaur^guibeny now caused the ground between
Villepion Mill and Villerand to be occupied by a regiment of
Garoe Mobile.

Against the latter village Major-General v. Orff had led
forward five battalions of the 2nd Bavarian Brigade.* These
were, however, overwhelmed by so vigorous a fire from MorAle
Farm and from the road to Chartres, that the battahons of the
2nd Regiment soug^ht cover to the north of the &rm, in the
copse which, as a&eady mentioned, had been occupied by a
detachment of the Bodfy Guard Regiment ; while those of the
11th Regiment, in consequence of the absence of any cover
whatever, sufiered considerable loss, and the 9th Rifle Bat-
talion had to be withdrawn in order to replenish its ammunition.
After, however, the horse artillery batteries of the Cuirassier
Brigade, and of the 4th Cavalry Division, from the ground to the
south-west of La Maladerie,ha<l taken the enemy in flank and rear,
and the Bavarian Artillery, reinforced by two batteries, which
had come into action to the south-west of Tanon,t had set
Mor&le Farm on fire, the battalions of the 2nd Brigade, on
the renewal of their attack, gained permanent possession of the
farm and road embankment.

Further on the left, the Bavarian troops assembled at Beau-
villiers had, up to that time, only succeeded, with great diffi-
culty, in checking the impetuous advance of the French ; these
latter had already approached within such close distance of the
park at Chftteau Goury that the batteries therej had to retire
to a position ftirther in rear. The success gained on the right
flank, however, now rapidly spread to the other parts of the
line of battle. Advancing from Beauvilliei*s and Ch4teau
Goury, and throwing back Jaurdguiberry's Division opposed

coming from Tanon, in first line, which was alao joined bj the

— , ■ 5-= — : ; — — ^ and the 9th Bifle Battalion following from

Body Guard Begiment 11 ^

Yillepr^TOst; — - — and the 4th Bifle Battalion were at BeauTilliers.

. 7th 6-pr. and 12th 12-pr.
3rd Bay.
ethS'pr. 6th and 6th 6-pr.
1st Bar/ 3rd Bav.

335

to tLem» the Bavarians held their ground in the open country
cafit of Fougeu and Loigny.*

Although between 12 and 1 o'clock the fire of the French
skirmishers once more increased with unwonted violence, the
Bavarian troops maintained the positions which they had
just gained. Only three battaUons of the 4th Brigade, pushed
forward on the left wing towards Loigny, retired by detach-
ments to Chftteau Gourv, on account of want of ammunition.
When thereupon Bourdillon*s Brigade, helped by the redoubled
energy of the French batteries, advanced against this village,
it was received at short range with an annihilating file-fire,
and at the same time attacked on the right flank by the ITth
Division.

This latter Division had, in accordance with the order re-
ceived by it during the morning at Santilly, moved oflF by way of^SeirS
oi Bazoches les Hautes to Lumeau.t In consequence of the roar and 22ud
of artillery, which resounded from the south-west, the two bat- l>iTi»ioi» at
teriesof horse artillery belonging to the Division,, escorted by J^^l^""^
three squadrons 17th Dragoons, nad been despatched, towards
10 o'clock, to the battle-field, where the former speedily took
part in the struggle at Chftteau Goury. On receipt of a
report from the squadron of dragoons leading the advanced
^uard, that strong French columns were advancing upon
Lumeau and Baigneauz, the 14th Rifle Battalion, then on out-
post duty at the latter village, was at once ordered to hold its
ground until the arrival of the 22nd Division, whilst the main
body of the advanced guard endeavoured to reach Lumeau as
quickly as possible. The foremost troops of Maurandy's Division
had already gained the immediate neighbourhood of this village,
when the 1st Battalion 90th Regiment forced their way into

* With regard to the poeition of the Ist Bayarian Corps between 12 and 1 o'clock.
aee Iflan No. 28.

t Diftribution of the 17th DiriBion t —
Adranoed Guard :

Colonel T.Manteuffeli ^ 5»^W X4th Eifle Battn. — — ^^ »

89^ 90 18th Dragoone

2nd 5th Light and 6tn Heary 1st

nth Lancers' IX ' 9th Pioneer Battalion*

Main Bodj t

Major-Gbneral t. Eottwitx : 33rd Infimtxr Brigade. --7-; — ? »

nth Lancers

6th Light and 6th Heayy

I3C

DiTisional Caraliy ;

Colonel V. Kahlden : 17th Dragoons, i ^^ andSrd H.A.B., ^j^^ ^^^^j.

had joined the Dirision on the prerious daj. (See Part II, p. 304.)
Absent :

Ilnd and Xllrd Ist and drd let, 2nd. and 4th \ Ist H.A.B. ^^,- „ „^

89 ' 11th Lancers 18th l>ragoons ' IX '^ ^

from the neighbourhood of Lc Mans : — — moring up from Xoul, t^- in Jan-

Tille» •-- and — escorting the columns.
75 76

836

it, and by a vigorous file fire from the southern border com*
pelled the adversaiy to retire. The enemy now also abandoned
ms advance upon Bai^eaux ; but, from a position between Do-
main ville and Neuvilhers, directed upon the garrison of Lumeau
a heavy artillery fire which was gradually answered by the four
field batteries of the 17th Division.* For the protection of the
artillery the 1st battaUon 89th Regiment remained in the park
north of the village, in the neighbourhood of which, moreover,
the 3rd battalion 90th Regiment formed a reserve to the
defenders of the place. The left flank was secured by three
squadrons of the 17th Dragoons.

After the French artillery had been in action for about half-
an-honr against the Lumeau position, strong columns of in«
fantrjr advanced to the attack. Swarms of skirmishers pressed
to within short distance of the village, but were thrown back on
Domainville by the shell and muaEcetry fire of the Germans.
The 14th Rifle Battalion,! which had hurried up in advance
from Baigneaux on the approach of the 22nd Division, had
also been able to participate in this engagement.

When the commander of the last-named Division,} which had
left Tivemon for Baigneaux towards 9 ajn., received intelli-
gence of the state of the engagement at Lumeau, he ordered his
six batteries to come gradually into action to the north-east of
this village, and the 44th Infantry Brigade to take the direction
of Anneux, for the purpose, in conjunction with parts of the
17th Division, of undertaking the pursuit of the retreating foe.

Whilst five compames§ of the two Mecklenburg Regmienta
were occupying the height lying to the south of Lumeau, the
skirmishers of tiie 94th Regiment, with the help of their rapidly
advancing supports, repulsed a detachment of infantry which
came to meet them. Captain v. Marschalck with the 2nd
squadron 11th Lancers charged a French battery which had
advanced at the same moment, and captured the greater part of
the guns under the adversary's heavy fire ; the remainc^r fell
into the hands of the next following troops.

During the further advance the 2nd and 3rd Companies
94th Regiment forced their way into Anneux, where they
captured numerous prisoners ; the bulk of the regiment, with

* — ,y ^ vu on the east ndo, the other Batteriei were in action on the

west side, of Lumeau, and in addition the 6<^' and 6th 6-pr., ^^ ^^ 4th4-pr. ^

3rd Bar. Ist Bar.

Ghlteau Qoory.

t One Company remained at Baigneaux until the arriral of the 22nd Dirision.

X With the 43rd Brigade were the Srd and 6th Light and the drd Hearj Batteries ;
with the 44th Brigade were the 4th and 6th Light and 4th Heavy Batteries, and

Fufl fit.h

the 1st and Srd Pioneer Companies ,* 1 was at Chartres, the ~--r was with the

96 82

train.

§ Ist, Srd, and 4th , 10th 11th
89 ' 90 *

337

detachments of the 1 7th Division and several batteries,* estab-
lished themselves on the Windmill Height. Further in rear
assembled the 83rd Regiment, the two pioneer companies, and, as
left echelon, the 43rd Brigade.t

The artillery fire delivered at short ranges accelerated
the enemy's retreat. Bodies of infantiy endeavoured, it is true,
to advance again between Domainville and Neuvilliers, but
speedily disappeared behind the cover of the hill, followed by
swarms of German skirmishers. As Maurandy*s Division was now
retreating in complete disorder to Echelles and Terminiers,
General Chanzy, in order to secure his right flank, despatched
some battaUons and batteries of the 2nd Division from FaveroUes
to Terre Noire.

As soon as the struggle at Lumeau had assumed the phase Parttetpatioii
just described, General v. Tresckow gave orders for the 33rd ^. ^^? ^'^f^
Brigade, meanwhile brought up to Champdoux, to take part on UMengw^
the left wing of the Bavarians in the action which was hotly mentoftSTlit
raging at that point. General v. Kottwitz caused, in consequence, ^*7* ^'P' ^
the 76th Regiment, with the 2nd BattaUon 75th Regiment, to "^"^^^
take the direction of Loignv,^ whilst eight batterie8,§ by advances
in echelon to the west of Lumeau, supported the attack of the
HaAseatic battaUons. The attack fell upon masses of Bourdillon's
brigade, in the act of storming Ch&teau Goury, which, surprised
by the blow aimed at their nght flank, fell back upon Loigny,
and endeavoured to make anomer stand in the gravel pits east
of the village, but were driven from them at the point of the
bayonet by the 1st Battalion 76th Regiment. The 2nd Battalion
of this regiment, in conjunction with detachments of the 75th,
now forced its way mto Loigny; the other companies,
supported by two Bavarian battauons moved forwara from
Beauvilliers,!! captured Fougeu at the flrstrush, and maintained
themselves there in spite of the vigorous shell-fire and the
repeated assaults of the adversary.

• ^^-^^ and the batterief of the 22nd DiTifion.

t — -^ had been left behind at Baiffneaux.
32

t ^, — -= were despatched in the diiection of Ecoillon to nuird the

76 76

flank ; thej captured 2 guns abandoned bj Maurandj's DiTiiion. "^ ^** had

been on outpost duty, and irith the : — . , were retained in Champdoux

IXth Lancers

at the disposal of the Divisional Commander was attached to the columns { in

7th
its place the — , returning from detachment on the 2nd December, joined the 1st

75
Battalion.

§ The four Field Batteries and the two H. A. Batteries of the 17th Dimion i in
addition the gth «|d 6tl. S-pr.

Sxd Bay.

li H^ and 4(h Bifie Battalion. Detachments of these charged still farther
forward in the direction of Yillepion, but had to retire with heayy loss.

338

As the French at Loigny still offered a stout resistance,
General v. Tresckow oraerecl also the four Mecklenburg
battalions, now at Lumeau, to resume their advance in a
westerly direction. Three companies* turned to the left
towards Villours, three others and a Bavarian battahon coming
from Chiteau Oouryt towards the western entrance, the
remaining companies towards the east side of Loigny. In face
of the Germans now penetrating into the village on all sides,
Bourdillon's Brigade retired to Villepion ; only a small detach-
ment belonging to it dun^ stubbornly to the cemetery, which
occupied an elevated position at its western border.

The eight batteries accompanying the infantry attack had
gradually advanced to within 1,500 paces of Loigny, without
being able to take any effective part in the brisk action round
the village. French skirmishers, which threatened the left flank
of the artillery, were partly cut down and the remainder taken
prisoners by the 5th squadron 17th Dragoons. The other
squadrons of this regiment appointed to protect the flank of the
17th Division endeavoured to press forward to Villepion, but
found themselves compelled to retire by the fire of a French
battery.

As soon as the co-operation of the 33rd Infantry Brigade
had given a favourable turn to a&irs on the left wing
of the Ist Bavarian Corps, the whole of the artillery which
was deployed in front line between Ch&teau Goury and
Villepr^vost advanced with the two batteries of the 4tl)
Cavalry Division upon Loigny.^ With annihilating effect
crashed the shells from upwardi9 of 80 guns into the masses of
Deplanque*s brigade, whicn was seeking to gain anew a firm
footing at Villepion. To the right of it, at the request of
General Chanzy, a brigade which had reached Patay at noon,
together with the reserve artillery of the 17th Corps, had taken
post at FaveroUes.

At half-past 2 o'clock General v. d. Tann caused the
1st Infantry Division, which had meanwhile concentrated at
Beauvilliers and Mor&le Farm, and had replenished its ammu-

• 3rd and 4th Igth
^9 ' 00 '
X lit 10th 8rd ^^ Ilnd

89' 90 ' 14th Eiflea* lOth Bar. '

X The following were the positioni from left to right :^-

South of BeaUTilliers ; 4th_±pr. 4th and 3rd Cpr.

Ist Bar. Srd Bat.

Between BeauTiUicps and MorAle Fann : 6th and 7th G-pr. 8thaiid7tli6.rr.

let Bov. 3rd Bav.

We»t of MorAle Farm : ^^^ ^'^\ 9th and 6th C-pr. 12th 12pr. 3rd4.pr.

4th Bav. Ist Bav. ' 3rd Bnv. ' IstBaf.

South-west of La Maladerie : l»t and 2nd H.A,B.

drd Bay.

At Tilferand : ^^ f^'^; 2ndn^.

339

nition,* together with the artillery reserve, to advance from
Villerand to the attack of Villepion, wliilst further on the left
the other two Bavarian brigades in rear of the 17th Division
took the direction of Fougeu.

The 1st and 9th Rifle Battalions, supported by the fire of
twelve batteries brought into position soutn of Villerand, drove
some hostile detachments out of tlie wood on the Loigny-
Villepion road. A heavy musketry and mitrailleuse fire from
the latter village then necessitated, however, the order for
suspending all further advance.

To the right of the troops advancing from Villerand the
Bavarian Cuirassiers had, by order of Piince Albrecht of Prussia,
moved to Comieres, the 9th and 10th Cavalry Brigades, with the
5th Cuirassiers, fi'om Villeve towards Villepion. The fii-e of
the batteries of the 17th French Coi-ps in action at FaveroUes
compelled the German cavalry to fall back upon Chauvreux ;
three horse artillery batteries^t under escort of some squadrons,
however, remained behind at Nonneville, where, from occasion*
ally changed positions, they now successfully combated the
enemy's forces assembled near Villepion. Michel's Cavalry Divi.
sion, approaching from the direction of Guillonville, had, in
consequence of some effective rounds of shell, speedily once
more quitted the field of battle ; but an attempt on the part of
the 9th Cavalry Brigade, towards 4 o'clock, to advance again
upon Gommiers, failed against the heavy musketry fire of tho
French.

Rendered apprehensive for his artillery posted at FaveroUes,
in consequence of the general retreat of the 16th Corps, General
de Sonis led forward at this time towards Loigny the Papal
Zouaves, which were joined by some still available troops of
that Corps. As the companies now at Villours, and several
others advancing from Loimy4 were unable to stem the
adversary's advance, General v. Tresckow now threw into the
engagement his last reserve, the two battalions of the 75th
Regiment meanwhile arrived from Champdoux.§ These, together
wi3i the whole of the detachments fighting in the neighbourhood,
and three companies advancing &om Loigny,|| pressed forward in
the direction of Villepion, di-ove the enemy from Villours by a rapid
onset, and scattered with heavj' loss the formed detachments
which met them in the open. General de Sonis and the com-

; * The 2nd Brigade had brought up to MorUe Farm the tl:pt and tiie 4th Riilo

Battalion, which had advanced with the 17th to^rards Loi'gnv.
. Ist and 2nd H.A.B. , Ist H.A.B.

3rd Bar. ' V

t 3rdand4th 12th ^^ y.^ Ist. 2nd and 4th 0th ^^^ ^.

* 89 90 UthRiiles. VO ^ ^

§ Tliese had been for a considerable time under artillery and Chossepdt fire t.t
Oiampdouz ; Major t. Hirschfeld, commanding the Ist Battahcn, fell liere.

II 1^, i^, and — -^ — The -i^J»a'l«lwa-*7Jo'«ed the tiro battalions
89 90 4rn Bine» vO

of the 79th Rfsrimenf.

340

mander of the Papal ZouaveB, Colonel Charette, fell badl^
wounded ; the French columns, retreating in complete disorder^
left numerous pi-isoneins and a mitrailleuse in the hands of the
Germans, who now, having sun*ounded it on all sides, also
became masters of the Loigny churchyard. In consequence,
however, of the falling darkness all farther pursuit was
abandoned.
The engage- At the time wheu the 22nd Division arrived at the

menu on the gQ^th of Lumeau, a report arrived from the 3rd Cavalry
Ihe a2d Brigade, despatched in the morning to Dambron, that masses of
J>uke*B French troops were advancing from Artenay towards AUaines

B^ohment ^jr^ J Toury, and that the only force opposed to them at that
a oupry. pi^^jQ ^^g the 5th Cavalry Brigade. Under these cir-
cumstances General v. Wittich resolved to march without
delay against the enemy observed on the great road from
Orl^ns to Paris,t To tms end he caused the 43rd Brigade to
take from Anneux the road to Milhouard, to be followed first bv
the Divisional Artillery, and afterwards, with a small interval,
by the meanwhile concentrated 44th Brigade, on whose right
flank the 13th Hussars undertook the scouting duties.

On the part of the 15th French Coips, the 3rd Division had
been moved off in the morning from Gidy to Santilly, on its
right the 2nd to Kuan and Ascheres, the 1st still fmi;her to the
east. The Division on the left wing came into collision towards
noon near Dambron with the 3rd Prussian Cavalry Brigade,
compelled it, by artillery fire, to retire upon Poupry, and then,
from its resumed direction northward, wheeled up to the left
towards Poupiy, just as the German columns advancing upon
Milhouard appeared in sight.

In order to reach Pouprv before the enemy, Colonel v.
Kontzki led forward the 95th Regiment at the double. The
Ist Battalion met with some French detachments in the middle
of the village, drove them back after a brief struggle, and
posted itself firmly at the eastern edge. The 2nd Battalion
pressed forward in the copse lying to the north as far as the
road to Eards, and there brought to a standstill the enemy's
skirmishers and columns, which were endeavouring to outflank
the Geiinan left wing. During the struggle now raging in the
copse, and in front of Poupry, the six batteries of the 22nd Divi-
sion came into action to the south of the village ; the three next
available battahons of the 32nd Regiment were also gi-adually
pushed fonvard into the fighting hue, in order to ward oft* the
adversary's constant attacks.

General d'Aurelle had on his side meanwhile ordered the
rapid advance of the 2nd Division and of the Reserve Artillery
of the 15th Cor^^s. Behind a Une of guns fonned of two batteries

• The 4th Garahy Brigade was posted to the south of PithiTiers.

t The circumstances which had led to this resolution were reported in detaU to
the Grand Puke of Mecklenburg, who at this time was despatching orden for the 22nd
DiTision to come up to Loigny.

341

and tenmitraiUenses to the west of Autroches, several battalions
deployed on either side of this village as far as Chiteau
Auvilliers, which was like^vise occupied. These, for the present,
maintained merely a delaying musketry action, whilst strong
columiils were approaching the long north-east border of the
copse at Poupry.

After tlie arrival of the 44th Brigade in the neighbourhood
of the field of battle, General v. Wittich caused the 94th
Begiment to move into the copse, and the 83rd Begiment
into the last-named village. The fusilier battalion of the
latter regiment took over the duty of covering the right
flank of the batteries, of which the 5th Light was withdrawn to
a position of readiness on the north of the place, and the 3rd
Light followed the 94th.

The German infantry now advancing from Poupry forced,
it is true, the opposing Unes of French skiimishers to abandon their
position, but in face of their strong resei-ves were compelled after-
wards to retire to the village, in effecting which retreat Colonel
Y. Kontzki, commanding the Brigade, was mortally woimded*
As the adversary, however, did not pass on liis side to the
attack, the 1st Battalion 83rd Begiment could be again placed
in reserve, and the 1st BattaUon 95th Begiment employed in
support of the left wing.

At that point, meanwhile, the 94th, whicli had penetrated
into the wood from the west and south, and the parts of the 95th
Begiment, which were on the road to Sards, liad succeeded,
after constant fighting, in reaching the cast border of the
larger copse, where they were confronted, about 3 o'clock, by
fresh hostile forces. Tl^ese latter held the two smaller copses
in front, brought a battery into action in the dealing between
them, and then, after a brief engagement, charged to within 200
paces of the copse, wliich was stubboruly defended by the
German infantiy. But at tliis moment the case-shot from tlie
5th Light Battery, unlimbered in front Une, fell with such effect
amid the ranks of the French, that the latter hurried back under
cover of the woods, while for the same reason the gims posted
in the intermediate space were also compelled to rctue.* About
this time General v. Colomb had trotted forward with six
squadrons of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade! along the north-east
border of the wood, in the cUrection of some infantry columns,
which were endeavouring to cross the open ground on the
German left flank, but now retncd hastily before tlie cavaliy
attack, followed by the .shell of the 3rd Light Batteiy, which
had just reached the border of the wood.

During these engagements to the noi-th of Poupry four French
battahons, supported by a heavy fire of mitrailleuses, had, from

* The 5th Light Prussian Battery then retired into its position of readiness at
Foapiy.

t TTT-T ^ft« to the uoilh of Dambroii, — --— was partlr at Tourv,

2nd Lancers 2nd Lancers

and partly with the coiumus.

N 2

842

LaVilleneuve and Autroches, made an attack npon the right
flank of the 22nd Diyision. In order to ward off this attack
there deployed to the north of Mor&Ie Farm the five companies
wliich had been deputed to protect the batteries,* supported by
the two pioneer companies hastening up firom Poupry, and pro-
tected on the flank by the 13th Hussara, which on their side
kept up communication with the 17th Dragoons at that time
guarding the interval between the 17th and 22nd Divisions.
On this pai*t also of the battle-field a successful resistance was
opposed to the enemy's attack.!

After the latter had now poured for some time a heavy
artillery fire upon the German position, he once more, towards
4 o'clock, made a general advance along the entire line in a dense
body of skirmishers. These were, however, repulsed without
difficulty in front of Morille Farm by the two pioneer companies,
and at Poupry by the 32nd Regiment. More serious was the
struggle on the left wing of the 22nd Division, where the enemy
had gained the northern part of the wood, and afterwards, con-
siderably reinforced, compelled the defenders,^ threatened in
flank and rear, to retire to Poupry. As the 1st Battalion 95th
Regiment, pushed forward firom thence, was also unable to cause
any change in the state of affairs, the Germans retired as &r as
the Baigneaux road, with the exception of a few detachments,
which, under considerable los6,§ still held out in a narrow strip
of wood.

By order of Colonel Marschall v. Bieberstein, the musketeei*
battalions 83rd Regiment, still standing in reserve at Poupry,
however, now launched into the struggie, throwing themselves,
supported by detachments of the 94th and 95th Regiments,
upon the enemy with a cheer, and drove him back once more
into the small copses east of the wood. An attempt on the
part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, during the prevailing obscurity,
to charge the retreating foe, £a.iled in consequence of the brisk
tire opened from thence.

Thus ended the engagement at Poupry. The 22nd Division
remained until 11 p.m. in the positions which it had maintained ;
the batteries then retired to Ijumeau, under infantry escort, and
tlie remainder went into bivouacs at Anneux and Domauiville ;
the 3rd Cavalry Brigade was quartered at Baigneaux.

Of the troops assembled m the neighbourhood of Loigny,
which had taken up their positions for the night as early as 7
o'clock, the 17th Division encamped with the main body at
Lumeau, and with the advanced guard at Loigny and Fougeu.

83 94'

t The oommander of the Fusilier Battalion 83rd Begimcnt, Major y. Lesgerke,
was killed in this engagement.

X 94th Begiment and — ^—,

§ Amongst the killed was the Commander of the 94th Regiment; Lieut-Colonel
r. Pallmenstein.

343

The two last-named villages, us well as Villerand, Orgeres, La
Maladerie, and Tanon were occupied by the Ist Bavarian Corps.
Two brigades of the 4th Cavalry Division were at Connain-
ville, Conrbehaye, and Sancheville ; the 10th Cavalry Bri^de
filled at Lumeau the gap between the 17th and 22nd
Divisions. Outposts were thrown out towards the south and
south-east.

' On the French side, the Ist Division of the 16th Coi-ps was
at Villepion, FaveroUes, and Terminiers, the 2nd at Gommiei%
the 3rd at Huetre, the Cavaliy at Muzelles, the 17th Coi-ps at
Patay, Rouvray, and Terminiers. The troops of the 15th
Corps, which had shared in the engagement at Poupry, had
retired to Artenay.

The left wing of the Army of the Loire had, therefore, on
this day been forced to abandon its movement northward, with
a Idss of more than 4,000 men killed and woimded. In the hands
of theOermans, whose casualties likewise exceeded 4,000 men,*
there were eight French guns, one mitrailleuse, one colour,
and 2,500 iinwoimded prisoners.

Before the front of the Ilnd Army only some trifling recon-
naissance skirmishes had taken place on the 2nd December.
The positions of the enemy along the northern edge, and on the
east of the Forest of Orleans, had imdergone no important
change; weak detachments of French were posted in the
Loin^ Valley to the north of Montargis.

To the east of the road from Orleans to Pai-is, after the depar-
ture of the 22nd Infantry Division from Tivemon, remamed
only the 5th Cavalry Brigade, with the two horse artillery bat-
teries of the 2nd Cavalry Division. These troops, in face of the
main body of the 15th French Corps which showed to the
north of the forest, had retired upon Toury and Bazoches les
Gallerandes, until the fire of the horse artillery batteries of tlie
2nd Cavalry Division put an end to the adversary's further
advance. When shortly afterwards the 6th Cavalry Division,
which had been dwiwn forward from Oinville to Chatillon le Roi,
also brought its artillery into action, the adversary once more
retreated southward.

In consequence of the report made to him of the movement
to the right of the 17th and 22nd Divisions, Pi-ince Frederic
Charles had at noon ordered the IXth Corps to move to Bazoches
les Gallerandes, for the purpose of intercepting any possible
advance of the adversary on the road to Paris. At 1.30 p.m.
the Army Head-quarters had received the communication by

• See Appendix XCIIT.

o44

telegi-aph from General Count v. Moltke, that His Majestry the
Kmg, in view of the present state of affau's, considered it desir-
able to bring about the decision on the Loire by an imme-
diate attack upon Orleans. The Prince in consequence resolved
to advance with all the forces at his disposal on the following
day in the appointed direction, and for this purpose concentrated
on the 2nd December the Ilird Amiy Coi-ps at Pithiviers, the
Xtli at Boynes and Beaune la Rolando. After receiving the
report of tlie successes of the Grand Duke's force at Loigny
and Poupry, detailed orders were at once issued, about 10 p.m^
for the advance to the Loire.

Tn pursuance of these orders, the IXth Coi']:>s, which, with-
out coming into collision with the enemy, had meanwhile
reached the position prescribed for it to the east of the Orleans-
Paris road, was to attack Artenay about 9.80 a.m., tlie Ilird
to reach Loury by way of Chilleurs aux Bois, the Xth* to arrive
in the afternoon at Villereau and Chilleurs, in rear of the other
two, while the 6th Cavalry Division was to follow the right wing
from Chatillon le Roi. The more detailed aiTangementa for the
advance of the Grand Duke's Detachment west of the Paris-
Orleans road were left to its commander. The observation of
the country between the Yonne and the Loing w^as entrusted
to the 1st Cavalry Division, reinforced by four battalions of the
39th Infantry Brigade and a batteiy.

When the already mentioned commmiication reached the
head-quarters of the Grand Duke at Janvillc, about 2.30 a.m.
on the 3rd December, he had already given orders for the
pursuit of the enemy in the direction of Patay. He now
ordered the 17th Division to remain temporarily at Amieux,
the 1st Bavarian Corps, with two brigades of the 4th Cavalry
Division to move up to Lumeau, the 22nd Division to
support the attack of the IXth Corps upon Artenay, whilst the
2na Cavahy Division was to follow the latter. A brigade of
the 4th Cavalry Division was deputed to reconnoitre the country
west of the road from Chartres to Orleans, and for this purpose
was suitably strengthened with infantry and artillery.

On the night of the 2nd-ord December, concurrently with
the newH of the defeat at Loig'ny, the Commander-in-Chief of
the French Army of the Loire received a communication that the

Germans would in all probability pass to the attack on the fol-
lowing day. As the latter were also apparently reinforcing
their left wmg, and infantry colmnns with numerous artillery
were said to have reached Oison.f General d'Aurelle resolved
upon an immediate retreat to the positions which he had held
prior to the 1st December. The 15th Corps received orders to
withdraw its 3rd Division byway of Sougy to Gidy, to leave the
2nd with the Reserve Ai-tilleiy for the present at Artenay for

* The six squadrons of the Hessian Caralry hitherto nttaohed to the Corps were to
r\ioin the IXth Corps.

t Probably the lAth Corps is here meniif .

the "purpose of covering this movement, and with the Ibt to
ocenpy the northern border of the Forest of Orleans between
Chevilly and St. Lye. Intelligence of these movements was
sent to Generals Chanzy and Bourbaki,* and it was left open
ib the former to imdertake an advance against the German
right ^nng with the 16th and 17th Corps.

* General Boarbaki reached Orleans on the 2nd December, and assumed next day
the command of the 18th Corpe, irhich. together with the 20th, was now placed under
the orders of General d'AnreUe-.

Thk Battle of Orleans ox the 3rd and 4th December.*

The 3rd of D£cei£B£R.

The Ist Division of the loth French Corps, which was
rt^SuSem* asBembled with its main forces at Cliilleurs and Neuville aux Bois,
raxBois- found itself, before commencing its prescribed retreat on the
morning of the 3rd December, attacked, about 9.30 a.m., bv the
Ilird Army Corps then advancing towards the first-named village,
and at once moved eight battaUons and six batteries to stem
the attack at Santeau. On the German side, the Divisional Artil-
lery, which had been inserted in the column of march in rear of
the leading battalions, was deplopred abreast of La Brosse on
either side of the road, the 12th Bngade was brought forward on
the right of the line of guns, the rest of the infantry held in readi-
ness behind La Brosse and at La Salle Chftteau. Although in the
artillery struggle now commencing a light battery on the left
wing was forced to retire after a few shots from the adversary,
the Corps Artillery gradually came into the fighting lino on
the right wing, so that at noon there were 78 Prussian guns in
action.

The French now ^vithdrew at first with the ai-tillery, and
tlien with the infantry, upon Chilleurs. The 6th Division fol-
lowed them, passing to the right of La Brosse ; the 9th Brigade,
Avith the fusilier battalion of the Body Guard Grenadiers leading,
moved through Santeau. and along the high road ; further to the
east the 10th Infantry Brigade took the direction through Le
Vieux Santeau. From a position between the last two villages
were firing the batteries of the 5th Division, of which the liglit
batteries, m conjunction with the Corps Artillerv, then moved
forward to within 2,000 paces of Cnilleurs. As the French
resei've posted behind this village was taken in flank by the fire
of two rifle companies of the 6th Division, the adversary like-
wise abandoned this position ; some farmsteads on the west side
of the village, in which a few weak detachments sought to ofier
resistance, were captured by the 3rd Battalion 35th Regiment
after a slight struggle. The two Divisions then advanced, sup-
ported by the efiectivc fire of six batteries in action at Chilleur8,t
towards the forest lying to the south, which the defenders, whose
right flank was threatened by a turning movement, now hastily
evacuated.

At 3 o'clock the Germans resumed their advance through
the forest, the 6th Division along the high road, the 5th along
the unfinished railway leading due south ; the Corps Artillery,
the batteries of the 5th Division, the 48th Regiment, two bat-
talions of the 24th Regiment remained behind provisionally at
(yhilleurs. As the enemy had made the road impassable in
several places, the advanced parties of the 6tJi Division did not

• Sec Plan No. 2-1 .

f Ist Light, 2ncl Henrr, and the batterieeof the 6tb DiTifion.

347

reach the northern edge of the extensive clearing near Lourj until
6 p.iu. The brisk musketry fire which resounded at this time
from the direction of Neu^nille anx Bois, and the reports received
that Nancray had been again occupied by French troops, caused
orders to be given for the 64th Regiment to be placed in obser-
vation towards the west, and the 48th Regiment meanwhile
brought up from Chilleurs to front towards the east. Main-
taining connection with these flanking detachments on either
side, the outposts of the Corps stood to the south of Loury,
while the remaining troops of the Corps were placed in quarters
and bivouacs near the latter village.

On the right of the Ilird Army Corps the IXth had assem- Engagement
bled that morning at Ch&teau Gaillard, and during this move- ^^ '^<^^'
ment had, in accordance with orders received, despatched a
detachment of troops under Colonel v. Winckler in the direction
of St. Ly^.*

When the head of these troops was nearing the farmstead
of La Tour, it was vigorously nred upon by detaclmients of
the 15th French Corps : strong lines of skirmishers belonging
to this latter, supported by columns, were advancing by the
east of the farmstead in question in a northerly mrectiou.
Although the 2nd BattaUon 1st Hessian Regiment, which was
deployed on either side of the old Roman road, and the battery
in action in the fighting line were unable to check the adversary,
yet his attempt to outflank the German left from Mauregard
failed in consequence of the resistance of the latter, and of a
coimter attack made by three companies.! The French now
retired upon St. Gennain imder an effective shell-fire from the
Germans, who towards 4 o'clock pressed forward in their rear
as far as the entrance of the village. As according to the
reports of the patrols sent out on the flanks strong hostile
detachments were posted in readiness atNeuville and Yillcreau,
and, moreover, it was perfectly dark, and there was a heavy
snow-storm. Colonel v. Winckler, towards 5 o'clock, led back
his troops behind La Tour.

The advanced guards of the main body of the IXth Coi-ps, Actions at
which was assembled as already mentioned dming the morn- -A-rtenay and
ing at Ch&teau Gaillard, had during its advance to Ai-tcnay ^'•^•^^y*
established the fact that the enemy was in considerable force in
that neighbourhood, and that infantry, with guns, had pushed
forward abreast of Assas. In consequence of this General v.
Manstein caused the 85th Regiment to advance tIu*ough

Ist

• let Hessiaii Infantry Begt, Ist Hoasian Bifle Battalion, jgt Hesgian Caralrv' ^"^^

let Hessian Hearj Battery. In addition to these this detachment was joined bv the
6th and 7th^ which had heen employed as escort to the train.

♦ ^^^ 5th and 7th
^ let Hessian' 84

t nth Cb^nadiers, -2?^^^. 2nd Light and 1st
^ 6thI>xagoons IX

34«

Dambroii, the advanced guard along the liigh road, and the:
84th Regunent, vrith. the 2ud Hoi-se Artillery Battery, to take
the dh'ection of Vilchat, for the piu-pose of protecting the 'left
flank. Whilst the column of the right vnng reached Dambron
without incident, and at once arranged the village for defence,
the 11th Regiment was received with a brisk fire from the
French artillery at Assas. Their fire -was. however, rapidly
silenced by five batteries of the IXth Corps,* which un-
limbered on either side of the road. When thereupon the
village just mentioned had been evacuated by the adversaiy,
and occupied by the fusihcr battalion 11th Regiment, a brisk
artillery engagement ensued between the five German Batteries
and the artilleiy of llartineau's Di^nsion deployed to the north-
west of Artenay. m which, on the Gennan side, the remainder
of the Coi-ps Aiiillers', and afterwards also batteries of the
Grand Duke's Detachment, played an important part.

Of the latter, the outposts of the 22nd Division had
ah*eady before daybreak been driven back by detachments of
the enemy towards Baigneaux. But as tlieso troops, to all appear-
ance merely bent on reconnaissance, advajiced as far as the
wood lying to the north of Poupn\ and then again turned
back, the Di^^8ion, meanwhile assom\)lcd to the north of Baig-
neaux, reached without a straggle, between 8 and 9 o'clock,
the position of readiness assigned to it at the former ^nllage.
where also the 2nd Cavalry Division arrived.

Towards 10 o'clock seven batteries of the two Divisions
opened fire from a position south-east of Poupry upon the
columns retiring to Artenay, and upon the oiiomy's lino of
artillery on the flank of this viUage.

In consequence of the ovei-^N^helming effect of tlie 90 guns
brought into action. General Martineau first withdrew his
aiiilleiT, then the 1st Infantry Brigade, to Ln Croix Briquet, and
ultimately, also, the 2nd to Arblay Fann. The 11th Regiment
followed at the enemy's heels, occupied Artenay after a slight
engagement, and in the streets of the village captured
numerous stragglers. Further on the right the 2nd Battalion 85th
Regiment took possession of Autrochcf^, whilf^t the troops
despatched tln-ough Vilchat made their way towards Arblay
P^arm.

Under the belief that the leisurely-retreating i'in-^ would offer
a fiu'ther stubborn resistance at tlie Forest of Orleans, Prince
Frederic Charles, who had been present at the engagement near
Artenay, sent a summons to the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg
to push forward the 22nd Di^asion upon Ch evilly, the 17th upon
the chateau of the same name lying further to the west, and to
lend a hand in the stiniggle of the IXth Corps, more espe-
cially with artilleiy. The Gth Cavahy Division was brought up
from Trinay to Autroches, whither also the 2nd Cavalry
Division had already proceeded.

* The batteries of tbd 18th Dmsion and the 3rd Heavy Battery of the Corps
Artillery ; the 4th Heary was also brought fonrnixl, but did not come into action,

349

After half-an-honrs rest, the IXth Coi-ps commenced its
fiirther movement at half-past 12 o'clock. The 3<)th Brigade,
which was joined by the batteries at Arteuay, marched
with the 11th Regiment along the high road and railway,
and with the 85th Regiment from Autroches, in the
direction of La Croix Briquet;* the rest of the Corps, the
35th Brigadet on the left wing, followed in resei've. To the
west of the high road the brigades of the 22nd Division, with
the 13th Hussars leading, advanced likewise in a southerly
direction past Murville and Lille Farm ; ^yhilst the batteries,
which left their positions at Poupry somewhat later, and the 2nd
Cavalry Division accompanied the advance of the infantry on
the left.

Martineau's Division had meanwhile received the support of
several batteries of the 15th Corps deployed on the heights
north of La Croix Briquet. The latter, m conjxmction with the
Divisional Artillery, poured upon the Germans a vigorous shell-
fire, imder cover of which the French infantry at d'Auvilliers*
!&Iill and Arblay Farm again showed front, and pushed forward
strong detachments in a northerly direction. Opposite this
position the artillery of the IXth Corps came into action on the
gentlynsloping ridge south of Artenay, protected on the left by
the iusilier battaUon 11th Regiment, firmly posted at La Grange
Farm, and on the right by two battalions of the 85th Regiment,
advancing to Ch&teau Auvilliers,^ which were joined by the
1st Battalion of the 2nd Hessian Infantry Regiment.

Along the whole line there now ensued a stationary engage-
ment between the contending lines of skiimishers and batteries.
As the efiect of the German guns in action to the west of the
road was considerably hampered by the trees in front, General
V, Puttkamer gradually brought forward four batteries to the
south-west side of the chdteau, where, shortly afterwards, the two
horse artillery batteries of the 2nd Cavalry Division likewise
arrived. At the same time the artillery of the 22nd Division
from Lille Farm and Beaugency directed a brisk flanking fire
upon the French guns deployed at Creuzy and La Croix Briquet^
which ceased firing towards 2 o'cIqcL After the left wing of
the German artillery had then been further reinforced by twelve
Hessian gims, and two batteries of horae ai'tillery§ commenced
firing at Chichy, the adversary likewise abandoned the struggle
to the east of the Orleans high-road.

As soon as the French artillery had evacuated the field, the
85th Regiment forced its way into d'Auvilliers' Mill, the 8Ath
Regiment, which had been meanwhile brought up from Vilchat,

* _ had remained at Dambron, — li^ occupied Artenay.
85 ' 11 *^

t Except the 84th Regiment despatched to Yilchat.

X Ilnd and Fusilier.

§ The 2ndH.A.B. ^^^^^^ y^ ^^^ g^^ Begiment, and the — ^ ^J^?- sent
forward from the 6th Cayalry Difision.

350

intoArblayFannyiiow inflames and evacuated by the enemy. The

latter offered, indeed, a vigorous resistance to the two battalions

of the 11th Rep^ment advancing along the high-road, and to the

2nd Hessian Rifle Battalion, which toos part at La Croix Briquet,

but foiuid himself at 3 o'clock compelled to retreat further

owing to the enveloping fire of the five batteries* meanwhile

deployed by General v. Manstein at d'Auvillicrs Mill, and of the

artillery of the 22nd Division in action on the left flank. His

right wing once more took up a strong position under protection

of some naval guns posted at Andeglou, and at several points

launched detachments to the attack. But when Colonel v. Jage-

mann led forward the 3rd Heavy Battery 200 paces beyond the

line of German skirmishers as far as the edge of the heights

west of Arblay Farm, and caused it to be followed shortly after

by three more batteries,! the French commenced their retreat

behind the line of guns at Andeglou, which, together with

several batteries posted under cover of breastworks to the north

side of Chevilly, prevented an immediate pursuit by the German

infantry. The artillery of the 9th Corps now took up afresh

the struggle to the south of La Croix Briquet. The batteries^

in action to the east of the high road were joined by those of

the 2nd Cavalry Division ; whilst those of the 22nd Division on

either side of the road from Chevaux to Chevilly formed the

extreme right wing.

In spite of the brisk shell-fire directed upon the French position,
the heavy guns at Andeglou did not al»andon all resistance until
it was quite dark ; the field batteries in action at Chevilly having
retired an hour earlier, both of the named villages having been
set on fire by the German shells, and the 2nd Hessian Rifle
Battalion having, after a shght skirmish, already taken up a
position in the farmsteads of Beauvais and Les Folies.

Shortly after tie termination of the artillery engagement the
brigades of the 18th Division, whose foremost troops had mean-
while passed La Croix Briquet, advanced by the east and west of
the high road towards Chevilly now in flames, accompanied by
five batteries,§ which General v. Puttkamer brought up to within
800 paces of this village, and again unlimbered. As the enemy
did not respond to the fire, and to all appearance had already
abandoned Chevilly, the German infantry was just preparing in
the total darkness to occupy the village, when it was forbidden

^ 8rd Li^ht and 4th Henrr^ ^^^ ^^^ 3 j-^j^^ batteries of the 25th DiTiaion.

1.2k.

. IstHeary 2nd Hearr and H.A.B.
" IX~"' HcMian

J They were posted as f oUow. : 2nd and 3rd Light^ 3rd Light .nd 4th Hearr
•^ '^ Hessiau IX.

4th Light, 2nd Hearr, 2nd and 1st Light ^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ Ist and 3rd Hearr

1st Light, 2nd Hearr, and H.A.B. ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^

Hessian
A 2nd and Srd Light 8rd and 4th Light, and 4th Hearr

^ Hessian ' IX

851

to do BO in pursuance of an order from the Commander-in-Chief.*
The 18th Division now occupied bivouacs at La Croix Briquet,
with outposts thrown out to the southward; the 25th Divi-
sion and the Corps Artillery encamped between Artenay and
Dambron, the fith Cavalry Division at Kuan and Trinay.

The 22nd Division had meanwhilo deployed in rear of its
batteries on either side of the road from Chevaux to Chevilly.
When shortly after a patrol of hussars returned with the news
that the latter village was abandoned by the enemy, General v.
Wittich ordered its immediate occupation. The y5th Regiment
and two divisions of hussars undertook the outpost duty in
the direction of Gidy and the Forest of Orleans ; the 2nd Cavalry
Division remained at Beaugency.

Of the remaining troops of the Grand Duke's Detachment,
which had received the order at 8 a.m. to concentrate at
Anneux and Lumeau,t the 17th Division was at this time
already at the former place ; but the 1st Bavarian Division
was still at Loigny. General v. d. Tann now moved without
delay, and despatched the Cuirassier Brigade to cover his right
flank against the hostile forces met with in the neighbourhood of
Villepion and Gommiers, whilst a flanking detachment took
the road through Villours. As the cuirassiers were fired upon
from Villepion, the 2nd Rifles advanced in that direction, forced
their way mto the park and there captured numerous prisoners.
After another French battery, in action at Terminiers, had endea-
vom-ed to molest the march of the Bavarian Corps by firing
some rounds at the cuirassiers, the Corps reached its pre-
scribed position of readiness at Lumeau about half-past 9 o'clock.
The 9th and 10th Cavalry Brigades had assembled at Loigny,
while the regiments of the 8th had undertaken the duties of
observing towards Bonneval and Ch&teaudun.

By order of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg the 17 th Division
now advanced, towards 11 o'clock, from Anneux by way of
Murville, the 1st Bavarian Division, the Cuirassier Brigade, and
Artillery Reserve upon Sougy. The 2nd Bavarian Divimoii
followed in rear of the left wing; the 4th Cavalry Division
accompanied the advance on the right.

The first-named Division reached, towards 2 p.m., without
encountering the enemy, the neighbourhood of Chameul, and
commenced with the batteries of its advanced guardf to can-
nonade the troops retiring fi-om La Croix Briquet to Chevillv,
when the Mecklenburg Dragoons, pushed forward towards
Huetre, reported the appearance of other hostile columns in the
south-west.

* 111 is ordrr Jiad been issued as the Grand Duke of Moeklenhiii^ wns doubtful
as to the expediency of ordering CbuviUj with its entrenchmenU to be attacked in
the total darkness, and Prince Frederic Cliarles deemed as essential to such an attack
the oo-operation of the Grand Duke*8 Petachment.

t See Part II, page 844.

X 5th Light and 6th Heayy

352

stionf at On the French side General Chanzy had already, during the

onxj and early morning, withdrawn the left wing of the Army of the Loire
'^^y' in a southerly direction, under cover of a rearguard in position at

Terminiere. The 16th Corps was to post itself between Boulay
and St. Peravj', tlie 17th further on the left, while the Cavaliy
Division of the fonner at Patay and Tournoisis was to watch the
movements of the Germans. But as between 1 and 2 o'clock a
brisk artilleiy fire was audible on the road to Artenay, and patrols
reported that the German right wing had pressed forward to
Sougy, the 2nd Division of the 16th Corps received the order to
resume its advance northward. In consequence of this it
occupied Trogny, Donzy and Les Francs, and also brought guns
into action between these villages.

Whilst General v. Tresckow now caused the advanced
guard batteries in action against Andeglou to change front at
once towards the south, and four others * to unUmber between
Chameul and Chevaux, the 1st Bavaiian Division took pai*t in
the struggle on the right. Three battahons and the 6-pounder
batteries of the 1st Brigade,! protected on the left by the
3rd Chevauxlegers, opened on either side of the road from
Sougy to Trogny a vigorous fire upon the latter village ; two
battalions and three batteries} were posted at the south-west
border of Sougy to oppose the French troops advancing from
LEncomes. The 4th Cavaliy Division assembled w^th the
remaining still unemployed Bavarian detachments to the north
of Sougy-

The effective fire of the ai-tilleiy deployed at Chameul and
Sougy speedily caused the adversaiy's ranks to waver. After
the fusiher battalion 75th Regiment and the 3rd company 90th
Regiment had captured Donzy after a shoii; struggle, entailing
considerable loss on the French, Les Francs and Trogny were
occupied by the Germans. The 4th squadi'on 3rd Chevaux-
legers trotting forward in pursuit fell upon a retreating
detachment of infantry and made about 80 men prisoners, of
whom, however, the greater part escaped, as a heavv musketry
and artillery fire from the entrenchments north of Hueti'e com-

gelled the horsemen to retreat. Detachments from tlie 3rd
attalion Body Guard Regiment § ultimately captured this posi-
tion also, when darkness put an end to the engagement. The
1st Bavarian Division bivouacked at La Proveuchere, and pro-
tected itself by outposts on either side of Iluetrc. Further hi
rear were the Cuu'assicr Brigade, the Artillery Reserve, and
the 2nd Bavarian Division. Of the brigades of the 4th Cavalry
Division, the i)th and 10th bivouacked at Sougy and Trogny

n 1st and Srd H.A.B., 6tli Light and 6th Heavy.

IX.

t ^^'^^ ^°^ "^"^ , 2nd Biflc BattaUon, ^^^ ^"^ j^^' ^T^-
Body iiuard Kegiment 1st Bav.

J 1st Ist 1st 4-pr. Ist H.A.B. ^^^^ 2nd H.A.B.

* Body Guard Regiment' 1 ' 1st Bav.* V. ' XI.

§ 9th and parts of tlie 11th Company.

353

the 8th occupied Cormainville and guarded itself in the direction
of Varize, where the enemy had in the afternoon beaten oflF an
attack of the 5th Cuirassiers and of the ord buttaUon 3rd
Bavarian Infantry Reghnent. The 17th Division, to wliich the
before-mentioned order to deUiy the attack upon Chevilly liad not
been sent, caused the chateau of the same name to be cannonaded
by its advanced guard batteries, and to be occupied afterwai'ds
by infantry ; the main body remained during the night at
Chameul. The Gmnd Duke of llecklenburg took up his
head-quarters at Beaugency.

In rear of the left wing of the Ilnd Army the Xth Corps
had on this day, by way of Pithiviers and itougemont, reached
at 3 p.m. the neighbourhood of Cliilleurs, where the 19th
Division occupied quarters, whilst the 20th * continued the.
march to Villereau. When General v. Kraatz received near
Ronville news of the result of the engagement at La Tour,t he
resolved, notwithstanding the late hour of the day, to con-
tinue his advance towards Neuville aux Bois, where, after the
retreat oi the French from Chilleurs, he expected to find only
weak detachments. As the prevailing darkness precluded the
co-operation of the artillery, the 1st Battalion D^nd Regiment
attacked forthwith the east side of Neuville, captiu-ed at the
first rush the farmsteads in front, but, with as little success as
the fusilier battahon agamst the north side, was unable to
oveipower the resistance of the enemy at the barricaded
entrances. The Prussian General luidcr these circumstances
abstained from prosecuting the attack, but piuposed renewing
it next morning, in conjunction Avith the Hessian troops.

On the adversary's side, however, the evacuation of Neuville
had been afready ordered that evening. The detachments
there were to reach, under cover of the forest, the high
road from Pithiviers by way of Rebrcchien, and then advance
again to Chevilly through Orleans. They, however, lust their
road in the dark, and at Lomy fell in with the outposts of
the Ilird Aimy Corps ;t in consequence of the brisk fire which ,
the latter opened upon them they retired in disorder to the
forest, and now endeavoured to reach their destination in
small bands. The remaining French troops still holding out
on the north border of the Forest of Orleans, likewise retreated
to the southward in the evening and during the night.

The troops assembled under the supremo orders of Prince
Frederic Charles, had thus by the ord December arrived
Avithin nine or ten miles of Orleans, without any serious
engagement. On nearly every occasion tlie adversary had
abandoned the field directly after the deployinent of the

* There were present belonging to the Dirieioii only Qk battalions, 3 squodrons
and 2 batteries ; the rest of the troops were portly with the 1st CaTnliy Diyision,
partly moving up from Chaumont and with the trains.

t See port II., page 347.

.fist

^35-

354

Gennan artillery, and it was only at St. Lyi and
Neuville aux Boie that he held out until evening. Under the
supposition that the French would defend to the last
their entrenched position at Gidjr and Cercottes, even were
it only to ensure thereby the possibility of an orderly retreat
tlirough the forest and across the Loire, Prince Frederic
Charles, on the evening of the 3rd December, gave orders for
the Grand Duke*s Detachment and the IXth C!orps to make a
concentric attack next morning upon the above-named villages.
The laiBt-named Corps was to be followed by the 6th Cavalry
Division, whilst the llird Corps, covering its left flank towards
Bellegarde, was to move from Loury towards Orleans, and the
Xth to march to Chevilly, in order to form at that point a
reserve to the Ilnd Army.

The 4th of December.

After the evacuation of Chevilly. General d'Aurelle had
betaken himself by way of Cercottes to Saran, and on the road had
met the 2nd Division of the 15th Corps retiring in complete
disorder to Orleans. In Saran, on the evening of the 3rd, he
received the further news that the Ist Division of that Corps
had been obliged to abandon its position at Chilleurs. As,
moreover, the two Corps of the rignt wing had been severely
shaken since the battle of Beaune la Rolande, and those of
the left by the battle of Loigny, and to all appearance were not
capable of a vigorous resistance, the French Commander-in-
Chief now considered the immediate retreat behind the Loii*e
imperatively necessary. He in consequence gave orders for the
right winff of the army to cross the river at Gien, the 15th
Corps at Orleans, the left wing at Beaugencv, and then contem-
plated reuniting all his forces behind the Sauldre at SaJbris.
Although in reply to the report furnished on this subject in the
course of the night, telegraphic orders from the War Minister
reached him next morning to hold fast in the position at
Chrl^ans, General d*Aurelle held to his resolution.
EmnMineiiU The Ilird Army Corps commenced the prescribed march to

At YMunain- Orleans at 9 a.m. on the 4th December,* the 5th Division taking
bert and St. i]^q toaA by Vennecy, the 6th with the Corps Artillery the high
"^' road. Both Divisions came across numerous stragglers in the

forest. A left flanking detachment of the former moved
towards Checy on the Loire ; a right flanking detachment of the
latter took the road through Rebreehien, scouted to the north-
westwardatthesame time and captured seven guns and numerous
stands of arms, which had been left behind at Neuville. At
noon both of the principal columns reached the neighbourhood
of Boigny, from wliich place, after a short rest, the 5th Division

• The orders for the 4th December rtid i.or reacii the Corps until 8 A.m.
AS the messenger lost his tray in the night.

355

approached the Chftteauneuf road thi*ough Bourgneuf, the 6th
proceeded alon^ the high road to Orleans, and after searching
the neighbouring farmsteads and vineyards arrived before
Vaiunainbert with its head about 2 o'clock. This village was
occupied by advanced detachments of the Ist Division 15th
French Corps, which had taken up their position at Orleans in the
morning. They opened a vigorous musketry fire upon the
advancing troops from the farmsteads which had been arranged
for defence.

As the close nature of the country prevented the co-operation
of the Prussian artillery, the attack was left entirely to the
infantiy. The 1st Battalion 35th Regiment gained possession
of the houses situated in front of the east entrance of Vaumain-
bert, but was only able with the assistance of the musketeer
battalions of the 20th Regiment, which took part from the east
and north, to gradually dislodge from the village the marines who
offered a most obstinate resistance. When the capture of the vil-
lage was accomplished, the Germans advanced as far as the edge
of the heights north of St. Loup, and from thence cannonaded
the eastern suburbs of Orleans. The main body of the 6th Divi-
sion cmd the Corps Artillery followed as far as Vaumainbert.

Further east a collision had mecmwhile occurred with the
20th French Corps. The Commander of the latter, which by
order of the Minister of War had left Chambon at 4 a.m.,* had,
on receiving intelligence at Fay aux Loges of the advance of
the Germans as tar as the Orl^ans-Ch&teauneuf road, sent
its trains across the Loire at Jargeau, but continued the march
with the troops in order to force its way into Orleans. The
head of these troops encountered to the west of Pont aux
Moines, about 2.30 p.m., the left flanking detachment, pushed
forward from the 5th Division to Ch^cy,t which during the
resulting skirmish was reinforced by the remaining troops of
that Division now on the march.

General Crouzat, in view of the forces by which he was
opposed, renounced all further advance in the previous direction,
and now withdrew to Jargeau his troops also, the rear guard
of which was followed as far as Mardie by the 2nd BattaHon
48th Regiment, and was cannonaded by the 2nd Heavy Battery
from a position to the south-east of Checy.

After the withdrawal of the French, Lieutenants-General v.
Stulpnagel despatched two battaUons and two guns,f to restore
commumcation with the 6th 'Division towards St. Loup. This
detachment penetrated, it is true, with its head into the village,

• The Minister of War had immediately despatched orders to the 20th Corps,
whioh reached Chambon on the SOth November, to march upon Orl^ns. but this order
was oanoelled on the representations of G-eneral d* Aurelle ; the counter-order did not,
howeror, arriTC until after the departure of the troops.

t I»t and Fus.^ ^ , under Lieufc-Colonel t. L'Estooq.

8 12th Dragoons

I ^°*; ,3rd Bifle Battalion, wid ^ Snd Light Battery under Major Blunu
52

856

but when inside was met by so Tigorous a fire that it again
abandoned the position which had been gained, and afterwards
rejoined its own Division, cariying off 160 prisoners.

As the stubborn defence of the French at Vaumainbert and
St. Loup led to the presumption of a still more resolute opposi-
tion in the immediate neighbourhood of Orleans, as moreover
total darkness already prevailed, and no news had arrived of the
progress of the other parts of the army, General v. Alvensleben,
who had accompanied the a(^vance of the 6th Division, post-

Eoned the attack on this city till the next morning. The
^vision just mentioned and the Corps Artillery went into dose
quai*ters between Vaumainbert and j)oigny, the 5th Division at
St. Jean de Braye, for the protection of which outposts were
placed on the two roads leadmg from the east upon Orleans.
BnSHjwj*"* The IXth Corps, tlie 18th Division leading, had marched out of

at 0«rootUf. -j^^ Croix Briquet at 8.30 a.m. As advanced patrols reported that

Cercottes was occupied by the enemy in force, and detachments
of French infantry were also making incursions in the forest
lying to the north, the General Commanding caused the 36th
ibrigade and the Corps Artillery marching in rear of it to advance
by the high road, and the 35th Brigade along the railway and
through the forest further east, against the right flank of the
French. Without encountering anv obstacle both columns
reached the wood south of Cnevilfy ; it was not until they
advanced further that the 85th Regiment came into collision
with a hostile line ot skirmishers. With the help of the 2nd
Light Battery, which from a position at Chevilly swept the
open clearing along the railway, the adversary was thrown
back, and towards 11 aon. the further edge of the wood
west of the high road was in the luinds of the 85th. To the
east of it the ord Battalion 36th Regiment advanced towards
Cercottes, while still further on the left, supported by detach-
ments of this regiment, the 9th Rifle Battahon gradually
fressed forward into the forest, and threw back the opposing
'rench infantry to the village just mentioned.

The 2nd Division of the 15th French Corps, reinforced by
artiUety, had occupied a supporting position strengthened with
gun-emplacements and shelter-trenches on the height west of
Cercottes, against which four batteries, by order of General v.
Manstein, now took up a position at the southern edge of the
captured wood, and three at the western edge,* after the 3rd
company 85th Regiment west of the high road had gained
possession of La Borde and L'Cpinette Farms.

Even before the arrival of the Geiman artillery eight com-
panies of the 35th Brigade had towards 1 o'clock dashed

• ?IlliiH]L^ 2nd, 8rd Light, and H. A. B.. ^ ^^ ^^^ y^^^^ ^
IX Hessian

1st and gpd R^Ty, 1st Light^ ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^ ArtiUeiy. with 4

battalions and 2 batteries of the 25th Dirision, were despatched towards Gidj, but
did not come into the action there, and again returned to* the high road.

357

forward partly towards the north-east angle,* partly throngh the
railway station towards the east eutrancef to Cercottes, and at
both places forced their way into the village at the first onset.
The enemy abandoned it, then retired also with the left wing to
the southward, and only offered a continued resistance on the
right flank against three companies which were pressing forward
in the forest^. The German batteries in action at La Borde now
advanced as far as the east of La Touche, and there joined the
batteries of the 18th Divi«»ion, which had been meanwhile
despatched by way of Gidy, and had taken up a position on the
old road to Chartres. Under the fire of these 42 guns the
adverpary retired to the vineyards in front of Orleans ; two
batteries alone held out half an hour longer at the south edge
of the forest near La Tuilerie.

After these had limbered up, the 35th Brigade to the east of
the high road, and the 36th to the west, continued their march
towards Orleans; the 9th Rifle Battalion, the 1st and 3rd
BattaHons 36th Regiment were at the head of the former, the
11th Regiment at tne head of the latter column* Some mitrail-
leuses which, under the protection of infantry, were opposed to
them at La Vallee, were driven off by a few rounds of shell
from two German batteries,§ whereupon three others|| from Bel
Aire launched their projectiles into the adveraary's ranks. But
in this country intersected by hedges, walls, and ditches, and
covered with orchards and farmsteads, the infantry of the 18th
Division had now to carry on the fui-ther struggle unassisted.
Although the French skirmishers held out at almost every point
capable of defence, the Germans made at first companitively
rapid progress, and did not meet with any resolute resistance
until they reached the railway station north of Orleans, where,
at the deeply simken road, troops of the 15th Corps had
ensconced themselves in shelter ti*enches and behind barricades,
while several naval guns brought into position effectively swept
the ground in firont.

In the struggle which now burst forth with renewed vigour
at that point, the 2nd Heavy Battery took part on the German
side. When at 5.30 p.m., it being then perfectly dark, the French
guns were ceasing their fire, two Prussian Companies^ were in
possession, it is true, of the railway station in question ; the
adversary, however, held his ground to the south of it, and suc-
cessfully repulsed an attack oi the 11th Regiment upon a strongly

• il?£d ^^ 2nd

36 9th BiflM

. 2nd« 8rd, and 5th

^ 36

t ^'t *Pd 4th 4th

* 36 ' 9th Rifles '
g 2nd Light ^, 8rd Light

^ IX ' Heisian

2nd HcftTy . 2nd Light and H.A.B.

II IX ' HcMian

•r JSL, and _±!L_.
^ leth* 9th Bifles

0 2

358

occupied barricade. General v. Manstein, in order to avoid a
night en^gement in the suburbs of Orleans with an enemy who
had to aU appearance resolved to resist to the last, now at 7 pjn.
broke off the engagement, and caused the troops to occupy alarm
quarters in the larger farms nearest to the roao, the protection of
which was undertaken by the battalions of the 18th Division in
the first line. As late as 10 p jn. the 4th company 36th Regiment
repulsed a hostile attack upon the railway station.

After the termination of the engagement the troops of Colonel
V. Winckler, after removing numerous obstructions on the road,
had rejoined their Corps by way of Villereau without molestation
from the enemy. The Xth Corps, following in second line, had
reached Cercottes at 4 p.m., and from thence occupied the
farmsteads on the road as far as Artenay, where they touched
the quarters of the 6th Cavalry Division.

On the 4th, as on the previous day, the Detachment of the
Grand Duke of Mecklenburg pursued its advance through the
country north-west of Orleans. The Grand Duke, in compliance
with tne instructions of Prince Frederic Charles,* had ordered
the 17th and 22nd Infieintry Divisions, with the 2nd Cavalry
Division, to advance upon Orleans by way of Gidy, the 1st
Bavaiian Corps by way of Janvry, whilst the 4th Cavalry Divi-
sion was to move through HuStre and Boulay towards the
Ch&teaudun road. Accordmg to the reports which had come in
from the latter Division, strong columns of French troops had
moved off early in the morning from L*Encomes in a southerly
direction, Hu£^ was also evacuated by the enemy, whilst Gidy
still remained in his occupation.

At half-paat 7 o'cIock the advanced guard of the 17th
Divisionf from Cb&teau Chevilly, and the main body from Cha-
meul, commenced their forward movement to Cuny, where some
French detachments were dislodged after a few rounds of shell.
Cavalry patrols sent on in advance found, on the other hand,
Gidy stiU strongly occupied, and discovered that heavy guns
had been placed in position behind earthworks on the old road
to Chartres. As an attack directed upon the adversary's strong
front would probably have entailed considerable sacrifices,
General v. Tresckow resolved first to await in a position of
readiness north of Cuny the advance of the IXth Corps and of
the Bavarians, with which latter the 17th Dragoons were main-
taining communication.

Towards 11 o'clock, however, the enemy retired upon Orl^cms.
In consequence of this Gidy was occupied by the 14th Rifle
BattaUon, whilst detachments of the 6th Hussars forced their
way into the fortifications situated on the flank, and there

• See Part II, p. 854..

^iBt I.tMdIIIrf j^jy^^g^^^^^^^ 8nl 2nd

B9 90 ' 18th Dragoons ' llth Laneen

51 — *" .SSS, 1st Pioneer OompaE^ j besides these there was the Bth

Bnssan attached fxom th» 2nd CaTaliy BiTision.

359

captured eight guns which had been abandoned by the
gunners.

The Grand Duke hereupon caused the 17th Division to
continue its advance in the direction of Janviy with the object
of subsequently moving against the west side of Orl^ns, after
passing round the detached copses iyin^ to the south. The 22nd
Infantry Division and the 2nd Cavaury Division, which had
meanwhile reached Ch&teau Chevilly, were to follow as general
reserve.

When the leading troops of the 17th Division reached Janvry, Engagwnento
about half-past 11 o'clock, they found the Ist Bavarian Corps and ^ Borfe.*"^
the 4th Cavalry Division alreadv en^ged towards fioulay. At
8 a.m. the former had moved off from La Provenchire for Janvry*
the 4th Cavalry Division with two brigades from Trogny for
Hu^tre. As the left column came into collision with the
adversary on this side of Bricy, three batteries* of the 1st
Bavarian Division and both horse artillery batteries of the
4th Cavalry Division were brought into action on the heights
south of Hu^tre, where shortly after they were joined by three
batteries of the 2nd Bavarian Division.! After a few rounds of
shell from the German artillery the French evacuated their
position at Bricy, leaving about 160 men in the hands of the
3rd Squadron 2nd Body Guard Hussars, who followed in close

Jursmt. The 2nd Bavarian Brigade now advanced, at half-past
o'clock, in the direction of Janvry, and after driving in the
French skirmishers, took up a firm position with the first line
in this village and in the wood abutting on the west, in order
from thence to prepare the attack upon Boulay, which the enemy
had arranged for defence. Whilst two companies ensconced
themselves in sand-pits close before the adversary's front, and
three batteries cannonaded the artillery posted behind an
entrenchment, the greater part of the battalions of the 2nd
Brigade inserted themselves in the foremost fighting Une,| to
which the 1st Brigade formed a reserve at Ruilly.

Meanwhile the 2nd Bavarian Division had aavanced agaiost
the enemy's left wing, and the head of it when passing by the
west of Bricy had been met by a vigorous fire from a field-
work on the ChAteaudun road. Against this work now deployed
the 7th BifleBattaUon; against the Boulay position, five companies

* Srd 4-pr., 1st, 8rd, uid 4th 6-pr. Batteries, 8rd AitiUerj Begiment.
t 4th 4-pr., 6th and 8th 6-pr. Batteries, Ist Artillery Begiment.

X The following were the positions : On the heights south-east of Janrrj the
9th Bifle Battalion { at the south border of this Tillage and at the oopse further to

tbe west the ^^^ ^^^ "^ ^^ , ^ and also the Srd and 4th 6-pr. Batteries,

2 11

Srd ArtiUerj Begiment, and the Srd 4-pr. Ist Artillery Begiment } on the left flank

of the batteries the 4th Bifle Battalion, and ^ The ^*^*°^^ were pushed

2 2

forward into the sand-pitf, the i~» and 8xd Che?»nxlegwt remained in rear of
Janny.

860

of the 10th Regiment at Le Coudray;* five batteriest likewise
came into action, part of them to the west of this village, and
along the western edge of Janvry copse, part further in rear at
the issues from Bricy. The 13th Infeintry Regiment and the 4th
Chevauxlegers remained temporarily behind the latter village
in reserve.

After the French batteries at Boulay had been almost
entirely silenced by the fire of the Bavarian artillery, General v.
d. Tann passed to the general attack at noon. As soon, how-
ever, as the skirmishers of the 2nd and 4th Brigades moved oS
for the purpose, the adversary hurriedly retired to the south-
ward, leaving part of his guns standing behuid the breastwork.
The 7th Rifle BattaUon, and the 1st Battahon 13th Regiment
brought up from the reserve, forced their way into the fieldwork
on the Cu&teaudun road, the 10th Regiment, the 9th Rifle
BattnJion, and the troops of the 2nd Brigade^ which were
deployed in the foremost line, into Boulay.

The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg now caused the 2nd Cavalry
Division to trot forward in pursuit past the west side of Gidy,
through the open space near Montaigu Farm. On debouching
from the woods, the 4th Hussurs charged with their 5th
squadron the escort of a French battery just unUmbering on
the Chateaudun road; whilst the Ist squadron took the battery
in front, flank, and rear, and captured the guns. When here-
upon the French artillery commenced to fire from a position
west of Ormes, the hussars cleared the front for tlie batteries of
the 2nd Cavalry Division, meanwhile imUmbered at Bois Girard,
the fire of which caused the adversary to resume forthwith his
further reti*eat.

General Count zu Stolberg had meanwhile caused the 3rd
Cavalry Brigade to advance on the west side of the forest by
way of Heurdy, while the 4th had been brought up to Bois
Girard to join tiae hussar regiment just mentioned. The latter
was towards 1 o'clock, when crossing the road from Orleans to
Ch&teaudun, suddenly attacked on the left flank by a mass of
French cavalry moving forward from Ormes; at the same
moment two squadi-ons of chasseurs formed line at a rapid pace
to the north of the village. The 5th sauadron of the Blucher
Hussars, which was leading, at once wheeled to the left, and
then advanced, in conjunction with two other squadrons of the
regiment, § towards Ormes along and to the north of the road,
which was bordered by vineyards, dashed at a rapid pace
through the ranks of the French horaemen, and drove them back
as far as Ingre, where further pursuit was stopped by infantry fire.

• 1st, 5th, 7th, 9th, and 12th.

. 8th 6-pr.. 4th 4-pr., and 6th 6-pr. j ai. * i. ..„ v .^^ • ^^i.

t , , p i— t and the two hone artiHeir battenes of the

Ist Bar. "^

4th Caralrv Bi^uion.

^let Unci, Ilird

*ir' 2 •

§ The 4th Squadror. yrta despatched to cover the left flank.

361

Further to the north, the small parties of the 4th Cavaby
Division, patrolling on the right flank of the Grand Duke of
Mecklenburg's Detachment, had been watching, for some time
past, the concentration of masses of French troops at Ooinces,
and wagon trains on the march along the road from Ch&teaudun
to Orleans. Two squadrons of the 2nd Body Guard Hussars
charged the escort of the latter, captured 11 carriages, and took
250 men prisoners.

The French Commander-in-Chief at 10 a.m., after the arrival
of the right wing of the 15th Corps at Orleans, had resolved, in
accordance with the siunmons from Gambetta, to assemble the
Army of the Loire for an obstinate defence of the dty. The
arrangements made for this purpose were not, however, put
into execution, as the commumcation with the wings was
already interrupted by the Germans. In order, however, to
hamper the advance of the latter as much as possible. General
Ohanzy assembled the 1st Division of the IBth Corps at Coinces,
with the object, in conjunction with the 17th Corps posted in
front of St. Sigiamond and G^migny, of making a forward
movement from thence against the right flank of tiie Germans.

In order to ward off the attack uireatening from Coinces,
General v. d. Tann now caused the 3rd Bavarian Infantry
Brigade, the Cuirassier Brigade, and the Artilleiy Reserve,
north of Bricy, to show front towards the west. At the same
time, the 9th Cavalry Bri^de, with the horse artillery batteries
of the 4th Cavalry Division, advanced from HuStre in the
direction of Coiuces.

In the neighbourhood of this village the Prussian cavalry
came into collision with that part of Jaureg^berry's Division then
on the inarch from Patay to St. P^ravy, the left flank of which
to the east of the road was protected by a line of skirmishers,
and a strong detachment of cavalry. Against the latter.
General v. Beinhardi, cleai-ing a broad sheiter>trench in full
career, led four squadrons* to the attack, which the enemy,
after deUvering a volley from their carbines, evaded by a retreat
to St. P^ravy. The Ist squadron 6th Lancers had mean-
while ridden down the French skirmishers, and now charged
the left flank of the cavalry* whilst at the same moment the
3rd squadron Ist Lancersf broke into it from the opposite
side. But as the adversary supported the retreating horsemen
with his infantry, and from St. P^ravy, as well as from the road
leading to Patay, showered a heavy musketry fire upon the
lancers, these latter were withdrawn out of range. The
Prussian General then pushed forward the 6th Lancers in
the direction of Patay, whither dso the 8th Cavalry Brigade
had moved off; this latter had aheady at 5 a.m. proceeded from
Cormainville in a southerly direction with some Bavarian troops

» 2nd 2nd, 8rd, md 4th

1st Lftnoen 6th Lanoen.

t This tqaadion had been for loine tuna detached ae eecort to the Head-quaiien
of the Ilird Army, and retnmed to the regiment on December 2nd.

862

attached to it,* and after an unsucceBsful attack npon Patay,
had remained in obBervation at Muzelles. The Bavarian
battery attached to the Brigade once more brought its fire to
bear upon Pataj, and caused the evacuation of the village,
t he pursuing German cavalry capturing some more ammunition
wagons. General Chanzy, under these circumstances, gave up
the idea he had entertained of attacking, and, under cover of
Jaur^guiberrys Division, withdrew the 17th Corps behind
Montpipeau wood.

As soon as this movement in retreat on the part of the enemy
became apparent, the 1st Bavarian Corps, which had also been
rejomed oy the 3rd Infantry Brigade, the Cuirassier Brigade,
and Artillery Reserve, advanced by order of the Grand Duke of
Mecklenburg along the road from ChAteaudun, the 17th Division
further on the left by way of La Borde towards Orl^ns. The
22nd Division, in compliaiice with orders from Prince Frederic
Charles, received instructions to follow from Beaurepaire along
the old road from Chartres, and at the same time to keep up
communication with the IXth Corps.

The officer in command of the 17th Division sent, in
consequence, his cavalry on either side of the copse south-east
of Janvrv towards La Borde ; two battaUons and the artilleiy
followed by way of Montaigu, the rest of the troops by way of
Heurdy, At this village the French offered a stubborn resist-
ance to the German infantry which gradually deployed in front
of the north side of it ;t it was only with difficulty that the
sallies of the former, made at several points, were repulsed,
until at 3.30 p.m. a vigorous onslaught by the 3rd Battalion 90tib
Regiment upon the west side of the village caused the adversary
to retreat.

At this time the 1st Bavarian Division on the road from
Ch&teaudun had reached Le Grand Orme, captured the
place after a sUght skirmish,^ and then taken the road leadmg
further south by way of Ingr^ to Orleans, in order to leave the
high road for the 17th Division. The latter, after that the
two Mecklenburg battalions§ leading the advance had driven
back the enemy, who once more made a stand at St. Jean
da la Ruelle, arrived before the gates of Orleans at 6 p.m.

The 2nd Cavalry Division had meanwhile advanced to
reconnoitre on the ri^ht flank in a southerly direction, and had
])erceived in the neighbom-hood of La Chapelle that French

* Srd Infantry Begiment and 2ncl 4-pr. Batterj, Ist ArtilleTy Kegiment.

t The foUowing was the poaition from left to right : IHI*, liO^, 8rd and 4th

1st

89*

I Bj the ^"^ *°^ ^"^ 4th Bifle BattaUon, Srd CheTanxlegers, and let 4-pr
battery 1st Artillery Begiment.

* 89 90

363

military transport was conveyed to the left bank of the
Loire, across a boat-bridge up stream, and that, on the iiirther
side of the river, columns of route were marching alone the road
from Orleans to Clery. The horse artillery batteries of the Divi-
sion now conmienced cannonading the bridge, of which some
of the piers became shortly detached, and then by an effective fire
caused so much consternation among the masses upon the south
bank of the river that the latter in part hurried back in complete
disorder to Orleans. Two railway trains filled with troops,
which were just leaving that place for Tours, were brought to
a standstill neither by barricades rapidly thrown up, nor by the
artillery fire of the Germans ; a train approaching firom the direc-
tion of Tours, in which the Minister Gambetta was a passenger,
abandoned, however, the rest of its journey in consequence of
some shells directed upon it.

As General d^Aurelle had meanwhile recognized the impos-
sibility of a successful defence of Orleans, and at 5 p.m. ordered a
general retreat behind the Loire, the artillery of tne 15th Corps
was sent in advance to La Fert^ St. Aubin, while the coveriug of
the withdrawal was confided to the infantry of this Corps. Every
effort was now made to remove the commissariat and artillery
stores collected at Orleans ; on the other hand, the destruction
of the stone bridge over the Loire had to be renounced in
consequence of a deficiency of blasting powder. Whilst the
left wing of the army now in retreat to nuisseau sur Mauve no
longer received the orders addressed to it, instructions reached
General Bourbaki to retire with the two Corps of the right wing
along the south bank of the Loire to Gien.

General V. Tresckow, after receiving permission of the Grand
Duke of Mecklenbnrg-Schwerin, had meanwhile commenced
negotiations with the French General commanding at Orleans,
and had come to an agreement at 10 p.m. that the Germans
should occupy the city two hours later. In consequence of this
the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, at the head of the Division
just mentioned, entered Orleans half an hour after midnight,
having already given orders, during the evening, for his Detach-
ment to advance thither. The advanced guard of the 17th
Division secured the bridges over the Loire and the southern
issues from Orleans ; the main bodv was quartered in the city.
The 1st Bavarian Corps occupied villages between the Loire and
the Ch&teaudun road, and reinforced the garrison of Orl^ns with
the 2nd Brigade. The 2nd Cavalry Division was allotted
quarters in the neighbourhood of Ingr6, the 4th partly in Sougy
and Boulay, partly in Patay and St. P^ravy,* the 22nd Division
in the district between Les Aides and Saran.

On the morning of the 5th December the Ilnd Army con-
tinued its forward movement to Orleans, after that the evacua-
tion of the northern suburbs had been ascertained, during the
night, by the patrols of the IX th Corps. The troops met with

* Thid 6th Cuinauen AdTanoed on the following daj to Epieds.

864

stragglers on all their lines of advance ; but these, almost with-
out exception, surrendered without offering any resistance. In
the inner railway station the advanced guard of the Corps
juRt named^ after a slight skirmish, captured ten naval guns
which had been left behind.

The 18th Division moved into Orleans, and threw its ad-
vanced troops across the stream, with cavalry along the roads
leading to Tours, Vierzon, and Gien ; the rest of the IXth Corps
found shelter in the villages between the roads from Artenay
and Loury, touching on the left the rayon of the Ilird Corps,
which extended as far as the Loire. The Xth Corps stretched
southward as far as Cercottes ; the 6th Cavalry Division la^
to tlie east of Artenay. Prince Frederic Charles took up his
quarters at Orleans.

General v. Hartmann, who, with the 1st Cavalry Division
reinforced, as already mentioned, by infantry and artillery,* had,
since the 3rd December, been watching from Egry and Beaune
la Rolande the country between the Yonne and the Loing, had
at first found the villages along the eastern border of the Forest
of GrMaiis still occupied by French troops of the line, whilst
only Franctireurs sliowed themselves in the neighbourhood of
Montargis. When the withdrawal of the former had been
conclusively established by patrols on the 4th. the German
Detiichment moved into quarters at fiellegatde the next day.

The losses of the French Army of the Loire in the two days
conflict round Oi'leans amounted to upwards of 20,000 men,
among whom were some 18,000 prisoners, for the most part
belonging to the 1 5th Corps. In addition to these, 74 cannon and
four gunboats left behind on the Loire had fallen into the hands of
the Germans, who had purchased their decisive success with a
total loss of some 1,700 men.

• 8ee Part II, p, 844.

365

OOCURREXCES BEFORE PARIS BETWEEN THE 15TH NOVEMBER

AND 5th December. *

As the Germans, after the engagement at Coulmiers, had
expected a resumption of the forward march of the Ai-my of
the Loire, and a corresponding^ movement on the part of the
gaiTison of Paris, His Majesty the King had given orders on the
16th November that the Ilird Army should, until further notice,
limit itself to holding the positions ofinvestmert onthe left bank
of the Seint3, while the Wiirttemberg Field Division on the right
bank of the river should be attached to the Army of the Meuse.

In consequence of these orders the 3rd Infantiy Division,
with the Corps Artillery Ilnd Army Corps, was marched oflF, on
the 18th, along the left bank of the Seine to the neighbourhood
of Longjumeau and Palaiseau, from which, on the previous day,
the 4th Division had withdrawn further to the lefb to Saclay
and Orsay.

The district on the right bank of the Seine evacuated by
the first-named troops had been held since by the Wiirttemberg
Division. In order to give any support to this latter whicn
might be required, and at the same tmie to protect the district
between Goumay and Bry, half of the 24th Divisiont was
moved to the left bank of the Mame, while the left wing of the
23rd was extended as far a^ Montfermeil, and that of the Guard
Corps as far as Aulnay. Bridges at Pont Part, Montapeine and
Pomponne, secured the communication between the two banks
of the Marne4 For the protection of the passages of the
Upper Seine, recently augmented by the addition of a pontoon
bridge at Juvizy, the 7th Infantry Brigade was, towards the
end of the month, transferred to Villeneuve St. Georges, and at
the same time served as a reserve to the left wing of the
Wiirttembergers.

Meanwhile the outposts on the Lower Seine had reported
that preparations were made by the French for bridge building
at Bezons and St. Denis, whilst, according to the statements of
deserters, troops were also assembling at the Porte de Neuilly.§
But as at this time it was already certain that no advance of a
reUeving army need be expected fi'om the westward, the
only step taken was to blow up the still standing piere of the
bridge at Bezons. In other respects attention remamed chiefly
directed to the south side of the capital, where the indications
of an impending attack became still more apparent.

On the night of the 26th-27th December the positions of the
Wiirttemberg Division were cannonaded with unwonted vigour
from the forts and from the works at St Maur and Port de

* Appendix XCV contains the Order of Battle of the Ilird Army, and of the
Armj of the Meuse on the 30th November. See also Plan No. 15.
* t 43th Infantry Brifl[»de, 2 squadrons, 2 batteries, and .* division of Pioneers.

X The bridge constructed at Goumaj in September was removed.

§ These reports had been probablj occasioned by the removal of the bridging
material collected at Ghennevilliers.

866

Cr^teil. At the same time the French artilleiy opened a brisk
fire upon Choisy le Roi, in which direction during the course of
the week two unsuccessful night attacks had been made.
Shortly after 2 a.m. the enemy drove back the pickets of the
Vlth Army Corps from Vitry, until he was confronted at Thiais
and Cheyuly by the 38th Regiment ; an attack repeated on the
following night failed in like manner against the resistance of
the 10th Regiment. Before the east front of Paris the French
had also displayed marked activity since the 27th November.
The reports from the outposts mentioned that a bridge had
been thrown across the Seiae between Vitry and Maisons Alfort,
and that within the fortifications there had been considerable
traffic on the railway towards the east. According to the
unanimous statements of the newspapers, emissaries, and
deserters, the enemy was intending shortly to make a sortie on
a large scale in this direction, for which purpose he had been
labouring diligently to remove the barricades along all the roads
leading east sjxd north-east, while the inhabitants had been
forbidden all communication between the city and the fortifi-
cations.

In point of fact, a decisive assault upon the east section of
the line of investment had been plannea in Paris at this time,
the numerous forces in the city having been combined into
larger units in the early days of November, and formed into three
Arndes, each of which, according to the trustworthiness of the
troops, received a special destination.*

The 1st Army under General Clement Thomas, consisting of
266 battalions of the National Guard, one Cavalry Legion, and one
Artillery Legion, numbered in all about 130,000 men ; it was
intended as a garrison to the enceinte, and for the maintenance
of order in the interior of the capital. The most efficient
men from it were combined into war companies, and these into
batailhns de marche of 400 to 500 men, for the purpose of
taking over the duties of the Garde Mobile wherever the
latter were enmloyed outside the fortress. The 2nd Army,
under General Ducrot, was to execute the sorties against the
army of investment ; to it consequently were assigned the most
trustworthy troops, in particular those of the previously existing
13th and 14th Corps. This Army, divided into three Corps and
one Cavalry Division, numbered altogether more than 100,000
men, with upwards of 300 guns.f The 3rd Army, composed of
one Cavalry Division and six Divisions of Garde Mobile, some
70,000 men, under General Vinoy, was to make false attacks
on the neighbouring fronts during the large sorties, for which
purpose Maud'huy's Division, consisting of four regiments of the
line, was also attached to it from the 2nd Aimv. In the forts and
advanced works were, in addition, 80,000 Gardes Mobiles, in the

* The data with re^rd to the state of affairs on the French side are taken from
General Ducrot's work *' La Defense de Pans."

t 4-c.m., 8-c.m., and 12-c.m. gnus, besides mitrailleuses. Appendix XCYI
contains the Grder of Battle of this Army.

367

fortifications of St. Denis 35,000 men under Vice-Admiral de
la Ronci^e le Nourj. The strength of the forces available in
Paris consequently amounted about the middle of November to
upwards of 400,000 men.

The fortification works on the Gennevilliers peninsula had
continued without interruption, while reconnaissances were made
almost daily towards the western arm of the Seine. Opposite
Bezons fresh batteries were erected with a strong artillery
armament, while on the west front of the fortifications of the
city, especially on Mont Val^rien, considerable additions had
been made to the g^ns, which cannonaded with great vigour the
line of outposts of the IVth and Vth Corps.'*'

Whilst m this manner a sortie towards the west was initiated
at Parisyt the first intelligence with regard to the issue of the
engagement at Coulmiers reached the capital on the 14th No-
vember. The view prevailed in consequence that the Germans
would now reduce, to a considerable extent, the troops investing
the south front, and, therefore, help must be given as soon as
possible in this direction to the Army of the Loire. AVhen
thereupon a request arrived, on the loth November, from the
members of the Government at Tours urging this enterprise.
General Ducrot was entrusted with the execution of it. As a
reconnaissance demonstrated that the German positions at
Mesly, Thiais, and Chevilly, so often attacked on previous
occasions, had had their powers of resistance materially
augmented, the French resolved first to cross the Mame between
Jomville and Neuilly, and take up a firm position on theplateau
Ivin^ to the eastward, whilst the attention of the Germans
Bnoiudbe occupied by false attacks upon Epinai, Buzanval, and
L'Hay. After elaborating extensive arrangements for the
intended enterprise, the greater part of the 2nd Army which was
destined for the sortie concentrated, on the 28th November, in the
neighbourhood of Vincennes. Humes' Division of the 3rd Army
occupied Mont Avron on the foDowing night, the 3rd Corps
taking up a position on its north side on the 29th. As a delay
occurred in getting ready the Mame bridges, and the intended
attack on Champigny and Bry had to be deferred in conse-
quence until the next day, it was left to the judgment of the
(renerals deputed to mak:e the false attaclcs, either to put
tibem into execution at once, or to defer them until the 30th
November.

Battle of Yilliers and the Frenoh False ArrAOEa
(29th Noyembeb to 2ni> December.)

After Maud'huy's Division, selected for the attack of L'Hay, Action at
had assembled on the night of the 28th-29th November in rear L'Hay (29tli
of the redoubt of Les Hautes Bruyires, the 110th Regiment of ^^^wnbw).

• A moDster osxmon mm placed on Mont Yal&Mn, which threw its projeotilae
as fiur as Beaannrd Paik.
t Seo Part U, p. 121.

368

the liine advanced from thence before daybreak in six colnnms
between the Cachan and Villejuif roads to make an enveloping
attack upon L'Uay ; five battah'ons followed in second line, six
others remained as reserve at Les Hautes Bruvires.* In addi-
tion to these, Rear-Admiral Pothuau moved wito the marines of
his Division and eight battaUons of Mobile and National Guards
from Vitry towards Choisy le Roi.

As the French fortress artillery bombarded the rayon of in-
vestment of the Vlth Corps durng the night with especial
vigour, and as the outposts had perceived a conspicuous move-
ment in the enemy's foremost tine, the 12th Division had, b^
order of General v. Ttimpling, moved into their fighting posi-
tions early in the morning. The fusilier battanons of the
62nd and 63rd Regiments stood in readiness at L'Hay, two
battalions at CheviUy, two others at Orly ; the whole of the
remainine: available troops of the Corps assembled at Fresnes
andRuniiB. ^ ^

Shortly after 6 a.m. French skirmishers, favoured by the
darkness and the vineyards in front, forced their way at several
places into L'Hay, and into Bievre Mill. The 38th FusUiers
succeeded, it is true, in driving the assailant from the village
with butt and bayonet, and at the same time captured
numerous prisoners ; yet several houses at the north-west comer
of the village, as well as the mill, remained in the enemy's hands.
The repulsed French detachments now took shelter in the neigh-
bouring vineyards, and from thence carried on a musketry action
with the fusihers deployed along the northern edge of L'Hay,
for whose support the 1st Battalion 62nd Regiment advanced
from Fresnes to La Rue. When the French, towards 8.30 ajn«,
renewed their attack on the park and cemetery of L'Hay, but,
beiug received with an e£^ctive file-fire, once more sought
shelter in the vineyards, the defenders of the village attacked
with vigour the retreating detachments and the faims still
occupied bv the French. After that the Prussians had recaj)-
tureo, in a blood v struggle at close quarters, their outpost posi-
tions, and the adversary had retired to Villejuif^ ihe fire of the
artillery likewise ceased shortly after 10 o'clock.

During the engagement just described the troops posted at
Bourg la Reine, and others belonging to the Ilnd Bavarian
Corps, which had been pushed forward into the low gi*ound at
Bievre and had been already in battle order before daybreak, were
successful in battering the enemy's right flank, and to some
extent in drawing ofi* his artillery lire from the point of attack.f

Meanwhile the 10th Grenaoiers at Choisy le Roi had taken

* The authoriij to defer the (alee attack until the SOth did not reach General
Tisoj before the attack upon L'Haj had been prepared.

t DetachmratB of the 9th Regiment and of the I^. The ^^^ ^^^ ^^^. ^^^\

^ 5 4thiiaTarian. '

and **^*, acted in support from, the protected gun emplacements east of

8oeaax.

369

up the struggle with Admiral Pothuau'a columns, of which four
companies oi marines and national guards assembled in rear of
the railway embankment had, by a sudden attack, penetrated
about half-past 6 o'clock into Gare aux Boeufs Farm, and captured
part of the picket posted there. A field battery advancing
along the Seme, several heavy gims posted at Vitry, and two
gunboats appearing on the river, directed a vigorous fire upon
Ohoisy and the ground lying in rear. As the adversary was
apparently endeavouring to hold his position permanently at
Gare aux Boeufs, the officer commanding the Corps, who had
arrived at Choisy, ordered the lost post to be recaptured
at the point of the bayonet. But before this could be done,
General Vinoy, in consequence of the communication made to
him that the intended sortie had been deferred, withdrew his
troops to Vitry, whereupon only the fortress gtms remained in
action until nearly noon.

Shortly after, the enemy was granted a tiiree hour^s armistice
in order to remove his numerous wounded. His losses amounted,
it is said, to some 1,000 men ; of unwounded prisoners there
were upwards of 300 in the hands of the Vlth Coips, which
on its side, owing to the extensive use it had made of artifidal
cover, only lost about 140 men.*

Before the firont of the Vth Army Corps the French at
8 a.m. on this dav, after a heavy and long-continued artillery
fire, advanced with strong detachments of in£sintry against the
Garches heights and towards La Malmaison. Three battaUona
on the left wing by an unexpected charge drove in the Prussian
pickets ; the 4th (Company dth Rifle BattaUon, which hastened
up immediately afterwards, succeeded, however, in again
capturing the lost position. The detachments moving upon La
Malmaison were received with so brisk a fire from three
battahons standing in readiness in the hue of German out-
postSft that they commenced their retreat at 12 o'clock to Mont
Val^rien.

The Royal Head-quarters had received intelligence on the
morning of the 29th of the attack on the Army of the Loire at
Beaune la Rolande. As an attempt on the part of the earrison
of Paris to brsak through to the south-east consequently oecame
more probable, the officer commanding the Army of the Meuse
received in the forenoon an order by telegraph to support the
Wiirttemberg Division with all available forces, and if necessary
even by troops of the Guard Coips. In consequence of this the
2nd Guard Division was brought up during the afternoon to
Sevran for the purpose of taking over the outpost positions,
while at the same time the idea of sending any more detach-
ments to the left bank of the Mame was temporarily abandoned,

* Appendix ZCYII cnntains detub of the losses of the Ilird Army and of the
Arm J of the Meuse during the period from Ist MoTember to 6th Deoember.

. 1st and Ilnd Fus.

ay ' "lo"'

370

as the Xnth Corps found ita entire front threatened by the
French troops assembled at Mont Avron and Rosny. For the
following day the Crown Prince of Saxony ordered the 28rd
Division to extend as far as the Mame, while the whole of the
24th was to cross to the left bank of the river in order to
occupy the outpost line between Gournay and Champigny, and
was also to hold strong reserves in readiness for the AX'iirttem-
berg and 23rd Divisions ; the Saxon Corps ArtiUeir was also to
be available for employment on both banks of the Maine.
Prince George resolved to carry out this movement to the lett
contemplated by the Army Head-c^uarters, as soon as there was
no longer doubt oi the intentions oi the maases of troops assem-
bled in front of the Xllth Army Corps.

In order to prevent any support being given to the German
SOfch Norem- forces at Villiers from the left bank of the Seine, General Sus-
ber. Sngage- bielle, with the 1st Division of the 2nd Corps, was pushed forward
mX** * ** 3 *-°^- ^° ^® 3^* November from Rosny in a southerly direc-
tion. After llie Division had crossed the Manie by a field bridge
thrown during the night at Port de Cr^teil, two batteries at
Cr^teil^ together with the heavy euns from St Maur and
Charenton, opened a brisk fire shortly after 6 o'clock upon the
section of investment lying to the south.

As the enemy's movements during the last few days led to
the expectation that he would attack the positions on Mont
Mesly, General v. Obemitss had ordered all the troops in the
district between the Mame and Seine to be held in readi-
ness. A battalion of the 2nd Wiirttemberg Brigade was at
the outposts in Bonneuil, three companies of the 3rd were at
L'Hdpital Farm, while advanced detachments were at Mesly and
on Mont Mesly; two companies covered the left flank at
Carrelour Pompadour, and on the Seine north of Choisy le Roi*
In rear of these advanced troops were assembled at 8 aan. the
main body of tiie former brigaae at Sucy en Brie, that of the
latter brigade atBrevannes; tne 7th Prussian Brigade, appointed
to act as reserve to the Wiirttemberg Division, collected at
Valenton.

The French ceased their artillery fire at 9 o'clock, and now
moved with one regiment along the high road towards Bonneuil,
with another towa^s Mesly. The latter village was abcmdoned

* The following were ibe poeitionB : —

At Bonneuil :

2nd Wurtt.

At L'H6pital Fann : l»t, 2nd, and 8rd
'^ 8rd Wurttemberg

On Mont Mesly and at Meslj : ^ ^„, ^^

^ SrdWuittemberg

At Carref our Pompadour :

North of Choisy le Boi : ^*^

drdWiirttemberg*

drdWurttemberg*

371

by its weak ^an-ison without a struggle, and then occupied by
the French Mdrmishers, whilst the division of infantry, posted on
Mont Mesly, supported by a company which hurried up from
Bonneuil, defended its post with determination.* It was not
until stronger detachments advanced on the west slope of
the hill to the assault that the Wiirttembergers also abandoned
this position after a stubborn defence. The enemy hereupon
drove back to L'Hopital Farm two companiesf advancing from
that place, and followed as far as the small central wood of those
lying on the road to Limeil, where they now, however, came
imder the fire of three German batteries meanwhile posted on
either side of Valenton.t

As the progress of the French right wing tlureatened in
flank Bonneuil, which had hitherto been defended with so much
success against repeated attacks, Major-General v. Starkloff
advanced from Sucy en Brie vrith part of the 2nd Brigade,§
of which he first despatched four companies || towards Mont
Medy. These troops, vrith the aid of the 4th 4-pounder
Wtirttemberg Battery in action at Bi-6vannes Park, succeeded in
gaining the foot of the heights ; but were then compelled to
retreat to the south of Bonneuil by a counter-attack of superior
forces. An attempted offensive movement by the garrison of
this village likewise failed, and entailed, moreover, the loss of
the northern edge of the park, in which the French infantry
established themselves, but were hindered from advancing
friiiher in consequence of the arrival of the still available troops
of the 2nd Wtirttemberg Brigade.

The 1st Battalion 2nd Regiment and the 3rd Sifie Battalion
maintained a stationary fight from Bonneuil. and on the road
leading thence to Valenton, whilst the 2nd Battalion of tho
former regiment was vrithdrawn for the purpose of replenishing
its exhausted anmiunition. Further to the south in the Bois de
Br^vannes were four companies of the 3rd Wurttemberff
Brigade with one batteiy ; at Valenton, the already mentioned
three batteries and the 7th Prussian Infantiy Bngade, which
held the park there with a half battaUon, and with the rest of
its troops had taken up a position on the west side of the
viUage.!

* One diTision of the -. and ,

3rdWurttemberg' 2n(iWnrttcniberg

. let, 3rd, and porta of 4th

* 3rd Wtirttemberg '

. yth and 8th i-pr. , 5th Light

* Wtirttemberg ' II '

§ ^,„3f^ ^ , 3rd Wtirttemberg Rifle BattaUon, and ,,i^\^P''' .
' 2nd Wtirttemberg Wurttemberg

Ist, 2nd« and 3rd , 2nd

'' 2nd Wtirttemberg ' 3rd Wtirttemberg Kitle Battalion

•[ Position of the German troops towards 11 o'clock ; —

In Bonnenil : , ,_:^^^ , , and ^«*' ^'^' ""^ ^'^

2nd Wtirttemberg 3rd Wtirttemberg Riiie Battalion ' ^"

rear the IM—. ^^^'. ^^--^

2nd Wtirttemberg A^rX^:^- « .N

— )

372

Shortly after 11 o'clock the effective fire of the Gennan
artilleiy caused the enemy's infantiy, which had pushed forward
across the Clioisy-Boissy road, to retire gradually upon Mont
Mesly. His Bkirmishers repulsed, it is true, some small Wiirttem-
berg detachments* which sallied from the Bois de Brivannes ;
but when towards 12 o'clock, by order of General du Trossel,
3 JPrussianBattalionst moved forward from Valenton, the French
rearguard likewise evacuated the woods which they had hitherto
held. Whilst four divisions of the 1st and 3rd Wiirttemberg
Cavalry now charged the retiring skirmishers, and for the most
part cut them down or made them prisonei*ft, the German
infantry} forced their way into the village of Mesly. Further
on the right some Wiirttemberg detachments advancing from
Brevannes and Bonneuil had meanwhile once more dislodged
the adversarjr from Mont Mesly. § Attempts on his part to
re-establish himself in the shelter trenches there, were defeated
with the aid of the troops taking part from Mesly, upon which
the 6th 4-pounder Wiirttemberg battery hastening uj), opened
with shell upon the enemy retreating to Oiteil. .The
pui'suit was brought to an end towards naif-past 1 o'clock by
the French fortress artillery recommencing their fire.

The losses of the Germans in the engagement on Mont
Mesly amounted to 350, those of the French to about 1,200
men.

Opposite the positions of the Vlth Coips the French had in
the forenoon remained entirely inactive. General Yinoy, being
without information of the advance of General Susbielle's
Division, did not take measures for holding fast the German

South of BoniMnul on the Valenton iMd : ^!f \ ^f L.^°^u ^^» '^

2nd Wtrttembexg

2nd

8rd Wiirttemberg Rifle Battalion'

In the Bois do Brfyanne.: ^^!^°°^^^!L > . u^t^"!^! » "^

Srd Wiirttemberg 8th Wiirttemberg

4th ^'pr.
Wiirttcmbei^ '

East of Valenton i ^^^ ^'V^- .

Wiirttemberg

In Yalcnton : ^ «d J^^ ^V!

40 \> iirttcmbcrg.

West of Valenton : ^il^ ^^P^i^ I«t and Ilnd Ilnd and Fus.

II 41) \)

^ Parts of the 2Dd

SthWiirttemberg*

Ilnd and Jm. 1st 9th and 10th ^ ^^^^..^^ detachments of the

^ 9 49 49

2nd

8th Wiirttemberg

X In addition to the troops which adranced from Valenton, there were the
Ist, 2nd, and Srd

Srd Wiirttemberg*

§ ^^^,„^^^ ^ — , parts of the — — r— , and of the 8rd Wflrttem-

' 8th Wiirttemberg *^ 2nd Wiirttemberg

berg Bifle Battalion.

1 — •«

troops on the left bank of the Seine until the retreat of the
Division in question was observed.

The batteries of Fort Ivry and of the neighl)ouring section
of the fortress now directed a heavy fire upon Choisy le Roi and
Thiais, in which gunboats on the Seine and iron-cased loco-
motives on the Orleans Railway also took part. Under cover of
this fire Pothuau's Division advanced, towards half-past 1 o'clock,
in the direction of Choisy le Roi, and Blaise's Brigade towards
Thiais and the water-tower west of this village. The Marines
leading the advance of the Division, after driving in the Pinissian
outposts, took up a firm position, as on the previous day, at Gare
aux Boeufe. An attack from thence upon Choisy ie Rou witli
the co-operation of a field battery, £iiled, however, as also did the
attack of Blaise's Brigade upon the water-tower, whilst the gun-
boats were preventing from advancing by the fire of two guns
unlimbered on the bank of the river.*

When the engagement on Mont Mesly had drawn to a close,
General Vinoy caused the left wing of his troops to retire upon
Vitry, the right behmd Saquet Mill and ViUejuif. After that a
battery, which came ?nto action to the west of the latter village
for the purpose of covering the retreat of Blaise*s Division, had
been compelled to retire by the fire of the 5th Prussian Light
Battery, the artillery engagement likewise ceased towards
5 p.m. on the left bank of the Seine. The losses of the Vlth
Corps amounted to about GO, those of the French to about
100 men.

About 7 a.m., some French Gardes Mobiles, supported by
the fire of the guns of Mont Valerien, and of those in the
adjoining works and entrenchments, had advanced against the
section of investment at La Malmaibou, La Ber^erie, and the
redoubt at Montretout. They were, however, brought to a
stand by the supports t to the outposts of the Vth Corps, and
again retired about 11 o'clock.

A more seiious action took place this day on the north side of Enimgement
Paris. On that side a French infantiy brigade with the Cavalry at Epliuu.
Division of the 3rd Anny had taken up a position of observation
opposite the Guard Corps, whilst Fort La Briche, in con-
junction with a floating battery and sevoral field guns imlim-
bered on the bank of the Seine, opened a vigorous fire upon
Epinai between 12 and 1 o'clock. Under cover of this, Hamion s
Brigade, assembled in rear of that fort, advanced to the attack
towards 2 p.m., by order of Vice-Admiral do la Ronciire lo
Noury.

Whilst the French skinnishers were suiTOunding the east

* Then were at Choisj le Roi the J^EL (the 9th Company at Gore aux BcBofs); at

the water tower, ■ , g..^^ ; and on the banks of the Seine, two giuiB of

6tn Bine Battalion

the Ist HeaTj Battery Ylth Army Gorpe.

Ist and Ilnd Fus.

37 ' 50

P 2

374

angle of Epiaai, two companies of marines had advanced on^r-
ceived along a path bordering the Seine, and without meetmg
with any resistance penetrated into the village from the south.
The two Prussian outposts companies thus threatened in flank
and rear were unable to hold their position on the east side of
Epinai ; the 6th Company Tlst Regiment which was engaged
on the south side withdrew partly to the western issue from the
village, partly in a northerly direction across the mill-leat, where
the 5th Company had meanwhile taken up a firm position in some
farms ; this latter offered a successful resistance to the advancing
adversary, whilst the 9th Company 31st Regiment, posted in the
entrenchments north of Epinai, was caught in a reverse fire, and
forced to retire shortly upon Ormesson. An attack by three other
outpost companies* led only to a transitory success, as although
the Prussian skirmishers again penetrated into Epinai, they
had subsequently to retire before superior hostile forces, so
that towaros 3 p.m. the village, as far as the stiJl stubbornly
defended farms on the other side of the mill-leat, remained in the
hands of the French.

Meanwhile the remaining troops of the IVth Army Corps
had concentrated in their positions of readiness, and then
deployed seven batteries upon the heights in front.t Under the
effective fire of these 42 guns General v. Eessler pushed forward
three companies from Enghien, which were joined also by part of
the troops driven from Epinai. At the same time, to the right
of the latter, two companies on the Sannois road and some
detachments still remaining in the Seine valley; on the left
wing two companies of the 7th Division ; advanced from Ormesson
agamst the north side of Epinai.| The Prussian skirmishers
dashed from all sides with a cheer into the village, where
after an embittered and sanguinary street fight they
succeeded towards 4 o'clock m regaining the lost post.
The French now retired to St Denis; their floating battery,
which had come into action on the Seine, steamed away filled
with fugitives in the direction of Paris, under the fire of the
Prussians, who had pressed forward into the valley. The loss
in the engagement amounted on each side to some 300 men.

ft lOth 9th and 12tli _u'^i. -. i^ n j i. .^i r*. u n 8th

* — -— , •— , which were foUoved shortly after by the ----r.

81 71 w ^ gj^

+ ^th Light, 6th and 6th Heavy ^^ ^^^ Oreemont ^^ I<ight and 4th HetTy

at St. Gratien, l»t and 2nd Heary ^^ Montmorency.

]: Left wing on the Ormesson road : ^ . The centre from Enghien:

l8t, 2nd, Mid 4th ^^ p,^ ^f jjjg ^ jy^j^j ^^^ ^^ Q^^ g^^^jg ^^ .

8th and 10th ^^^ ^^ .^^^ ^y pMto of tho 2^ .ad ^ "°f ^.
ol 81 71

375

During the foregoing proceedings to the south, west, EnMemenk
and norm of Paris a vehement struggle had raged ou the *fcViHiBri.»
east side of the capital. Even before daybreak the oatteries of
Mont Avron, Fort Nogent, and of the Faisanderie, as well
as numerous guns brought into position on the St. Maur
peninsula had overwhelmed the opposite position of the
Germans with a hail of projectiles. At half-past 6 o'clock two
French Corps commenced crossing the j\Iame at Joinville and
Nogent by bridges thrown in the night ; they were assembled
on the left bank by half-past 8 o'clock. In front line on the
right wing, between the river and the road to Champigny, was
Faron's Division; further on the left were Malroy's and
MauBsion's Divisions ; in rear of these, to the north of Poulangis
Park, Berthaut's Division had taken up its position. On tho
right bank of the Mame the 3rd Corps had moved towards
NeuiUy sur Mame, with a view to advancing over bridges to bo
thrown at that point in the direction of Noisy le Grand.

Opposed to these hostile forces stood, at Champigny and
Le Plant, ti^e Ist BattaUon of the 107th Regiment, which had
relieved at daybreak the Wurttemberg outposts ; on its right was
the 2nd BattaUon of the regiment, with two companies in Bry
and two inNoisy le Grand; the main body of the 48th Brigade was
partly in the latter village and partly further to the rear at
&oumay and Champs. In rear of the Saxon outposts the
1st Wiirttemberg Brigade held Villiers, Coeuilly, the Jiigerhof,
and Chennevieres ; the 2nd Brigade was at Sucy.f

Even before the French reserve artillery had crossed the
Mame, the troops concentrated to the east of it commenced their
further forward movement, by order of General Ducrot.
Maussion's Division drove the Saxon outpostst fi'om Le Plant,
then turning towards YiUiers scaled at 10 o'clock the heights
south-east of Bry^ and compelled in consequence the Saxon
companies there, which at the same time found themselves
threatened by the advance of the 3rd French Corps, to retire to
Noisy le Grand. At this time Berthauf s Division, brought up
into first Une, reached with its right win^ Petit Bois de la Lande,
while Malroy's Division gained the lime-kilns on the road from Bry
to Champigny. Whilst the latter were captured without any
serious struggle, Faron's Division on the rig:ht wing in making its
way towards Champigny lost heavily, oivine to the fire of the
1st 6-pounder Wurttemberg Battery, which had advanced in
support of the outposts as far as the edge of the heights at Belair.
Two French batteries which had unlimbered in the low ground by
the Mame had in vain shelled the German guns, which did not
abandon their ground until they foimd themselves threatened by
the immediate propinquity of the enemy, and not until tho Saxon

• See Plan No 25.

t The 3rd Wurttemberg Brigade, as already mentioned, vns at Br6Taiinc9. f?co
Fart II., page 371.

t —

* 107'

376

ontpoBts * had evacuated Champigny in fetce of the preasure of
greatly superior forces. The first line of Faron's Division shortly
reached the heights east of this village, iu which a regiment of
in&ntry at once made arrangements for defence.

Shoilly after 10 o*clock the skirmishers of Maussion's
Division endeavoured to gain possession of the park at Villiers ;
they were, however, driven mto the vineyaras west of the
place by the artillery and musketiy fire of the WtLrttembergers.t
After that the French had repulsed a counter-attack of some
weak detachments,^ with ^eat loss to the latter, they also
deployed their artillery within short range of the German
positions. § General Ducrot had originally- intended to carry on
a stationary action in front of Villiers, until the 3rd Corps should
take part from Noisy le Grand, but as he received inK>rmation
towards 11 o'clock that the last-named Corps was still on the
right bank of the Mame, and, moreover, his troops halted within
effective range of the German fire were suffermg heavily, he
caused them at once to move to the attack.

The fire of the troops at Villiers, which had been meanwhile
reinforced by parts of tne 48th Brigade and of a Saxon battery in
action to the south of Noisy, checked, to a certain extent, the
enemy's progress, but was unableto drivehimfrom the positions he
had captured on the plateau.|| Colonel v. Abendroth, commanding
the 48th Brigade, now launched the 3rd BattaUon 106th Regi-
ment from Vilhers, the 5th and Gth Companies of the same
regiment from Noisy le Grand against Maussion's Division,
which retired as far as the western border of the plateau in &ce
of this enveloping and decisively led atta^ck. The Saxons in
this action captured two guns with an ammimition wagon,1[ €uid
pursued the enemy beyond the road leading frx)m ViUiers to Bry.

1^ 2nd, 8rd, and 4th
107

t 7th Wnrttemberg Begixnent, and ^'^^'^^^^P^-

WuPt.

t-^ and parts of jr^, (which had been deepatohed £rom Noiay to Yillien ' i

support of the WfirttembergerB), as well as parts of the ^ , °."

'^'^ or ^^^ Wiipt.

§ Batterioe of Maussion's and Berthaut's DiTisions, as well as of tho artiUeiy
reserve.

II Tho foUowing were tho positions at 11 a.m. : —

In Noisy : IM and ^tli ancmh.
^ 107 lOG

XII * 2nd baxon Cavalrj*

NortUofVmicrs:5^ ^«5*_,M,d ^isX

106 2nd baxon Cavalry XII

In Villiers :-i!i-^,^^°^l^^ , ?^, and parts of the ?^
7th Wurttemberg 106 '^ 106*

South of the park : gth and 7th ^^ ^^^ 8th 2nd 4.pr

'^ 7thWurttemberg '^ iqq* """ Wiirt."

% The guns could not be carried away for want of sufficient teama.

377

On the French side, the three batteries left at the southern
edge of the Villiers plateau were, however, now reinforced from
the reserve, and were so effectively supported from the other bank
of the Mame by the artillery of the 3rd Corps, which had been
summoned to hasten it« advance, that the troops of the
106th Regiment enp,*agcd on the northern wing of the line of
battle retired mto the vineyards at Bry. Into the gap thus
created moved detachments of the 104th Regiment,"^ which had
meanwhile arrived at Villiers ; from Gouniay advanced also
the 3rd Battalion 107th Rcgunent to the same village, where
also the 4th Light Saxon Battery and a squadron from Chelles
had arrived.

During these struggles on the VilUers plateau Berthaut's
Division had advanced at its south foot along both sides of the
railway, but shortly after had fallen under lire of some AVtirt-
temberg companiesf posted in gravel pita near the railway
embankment; these Avith the aid of the batteries in action
between Villiers and Coeuilly, and a company} despatched from
the latter village, checked the advance of the French for a
considerable time. The weak Wiirttemberg detachment was
compelled by the fire of miti-ailleuses to retire to the railway
station, but there received support from the Wiirttemberg
battery holding out at the southern border of Villiers, and by
the arrival of the Saxon 4th Light Battery in the immediate
neighbourhood, whose united shell-fire so materially thinned the
enemy's ranks that he again evacuated the gravel pits after a
successful attack by the 1st Battalion 104th Regiment.

On the French ricrht "\nn.<r, the l«t Briciide of Faron's
Division, after casting aside the barricades in Champigny, had
climbed the heights west of Coeuilly about half-past 10 o'clock.
Two batteries, which had made their way 'wath considerable
di£Sculty througli the streets choked with wagons, had deployed
at 11 o'clock on the plateau in question, but were compelled to
retreat by the German fire after a few rounds ; upon this three
other batteries foimd a more protected position further to the
north, near the lime-kilns. Isolated detacnments advanced along
the Mame as far as Maison Blanche, and from thence maintained
an action with the Wiirttemberg riflemen in the Jagerhof, for
whose support two companies of the 2nd Wiirttemberg Brigade,
and the Gth G-pounder Battery, arrived at Clieiincvieres. 1 he
latter came into action alongside the 1st (J-pounder Battery on
the edge of the heiglits south of Coeuilly.§

^ 7th, 8th. and Illrd.

101
- 5th and 7th ^^.j^^^ ^,^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ 1^

7th Wurttemberg' 107'

^2ndand8rd4-pr ^ 7th rj^^ 8th ,,^

Wurttomberg ' 1st Wurttembcpg" Ist Wurttembcrg '
despatched from CoeuiUr, did not take port.

§ The following \rere" the positions towards 11 a.m. : —

North of CoouiUy Park : ,J"^*T , ''1°* ^'* "-f-. aud t^

VViiiltcmbePfir vy urttembcrir Ist Wiirt.

378

The offensive movement of Faron's Division having thus
been brought for the moment to a standstill, the commander of
the Ist Wiirttemberg Brigade, MajoivGeneral v. Beitzenstein,
endeavoured once more to gain possession of the Champigny
plateau. The companies assembled at Coeuilly crossed the low
^oimd in front, but when ascending the opposite side of the
mil came into collision with the superior forces of the enemv,
now also resuming his advance, and retired with considerable
loss.* The Frencn skirmishers following in pursuit soon, how-
ever, came within range of the Wiirttemberg battery, unlim-
bered on the north side of this village, and of the Saxon 3rd
Light Battery, brought forward from Villiers, which, in concert
with the infantry once more showing front in Coeuilly Park,
offered a successful resistance to the adversary. Meanwhile
parts of the Wiirttemberg infantiy from the Jagerhof had
pressed forward as &r as Maison Blajiche, where ^ey captured
200 French prisoners. From the last two points, between 12 and
1 o'clock, seven companies! attacked the flank of the enemy,
who was already shaken by heavy losses, and whose ri^ht wing,
with the help of two g^uns of the 6th 6-pounder Batteiy hastening
up into the foremost line, was thrown back to Champigny.
Tile rest of Faron's Division joined the retreat ; ^only isolated
weak detachments still maintained an indecisive action on the
plateau, and at Belair. As the Wiirttemberg infantry was also
exhausted by its exertions in the struggle, and was imable in
consequence to foUow up the adversary, the German artillery^
alone remained in action at this part of the battle-field.

General Ducrot had meanwhile resolved to delay the resump-
tion of the attack until the following day, but in order to main-
tain the position he had captured, deployed eighteen batteries on
the Villiers plateau, and on the north ed^e of the Lande Valley.
The Germans also confined their attention to maintaining their
present positions. The struggle consequently was beginmn^ to
relax to a visible extent in the first hours of me afternoon, "vmen
suddenlv a fresh offensive movement on the part of the enemy
was undertaken from the north.

In Coeuilly : l«t, 2nd. 8rd, and 6th

let Wurttemborg

South of CocuUly: ,„ ^^ , . and * ^^."^ ^^ ^f'

Itt Wurttemborg; Wurttemberg.

At Bois r Abb6 : ^""^^ ^^07^°^ ^^''» *"^ ^^ Wurttembepg OaTaliy.

At tbo J&gerbof and to tho aoutli of it: 2nd Wurttcmberg Biflesi and
l9t and 2nd
5tli Wurttcmberg.

* The commander of the Ist Wurttemborg Bcgiment, Colonel t. Berger, was
here mortally wounded.

t 2nd Wurttemborg Rifle Battalion, l;t M>d 2nd Cth

5th Wurttemberg IstWurttemberg
^ 8rd4-pr. ^^, 3rd Light . ., ., litt and 6th 6-pr. .

Coeuillv.

379

The 3i-d French Corps, under General d'Exea, which, uh
ahready mentioned, leftRosny early in the morning, had occupied
Neuilly sur Mame -with Gardes Mobiles, and cannonaded with
four batteries the Ville Evrart Asylum, situated in the immediate
vicinity. At 11 a.m^ the outposts of the 47th Brigade, posted
there and at Maison Blanche,* had retired under cover ol the
fortified position between Pont Part and Le Chenay from before
the enemy, who was apparently making his way eastward, while
Prince George of Saxony assembled all the available troops of
the 23rd Division and a Division of the Corps Artillerj' at
Chelles, in order to meet the threatening attack. As, however,
the enemy limited himself to occupying the localities evacuated
by the Saxons, the 4th Division of the Corps Artilleiy was
despatched, towards 1 o'clock, to the left bank of the Mame,
whither other troops afterwards followed.

The French had meanwhile, at 10 o'clock, under cover of
six batteries in action on the right bank of the Mame, com-
menced to construct bridges on the reach of the river between
Biy and Neuilly, and had completed them at the latter place
towards noon. At this time, however, Maussion's Division was
retiring on the Yilliers plateau, and the right wing of the
Saxons was pressing towards Bry. It was not until the
engagement on the left bank of the Mame had ceased that
BeTlemare*s Division crossed at 2 o'clock by the two bridges
at Neuilly, taking afterwards the direction of Bry, across the low
ground by the Marne, in order to open commxmication with Maus-
sion's Division. Lieutenant-General Nehrhof v. Holdcrberg,
who had assumed the command on tliis section of the battle-
field, gained time, by this movement of the enemy, to Avithdraw
the Saxon right wing, already tlireatened in rear, into the
shelter-trenches and to the cemetery north of VilUers, as also
to reinforce strongly the garrison of Noisy le Grand and the
artillery on the Vilhers hei^t.f The two Saxon Light Batteries
to the south of the latter village were brought into position to the
north of it, and somewhat later were reinforced by three batteries
of the Xllth Corps, arriving from the right bank of the Mame.
In place of the former, the WUrttemberg 6th 6-pounder Batteiy
came up from Coeuilly abreast of the 3rd 4-pounder, which was
posted to the north of this village, and in consequence of a lack
of ammimition was only able to reply but feebly to the adver-
sary's fire. The Wurttembui'g 5th 4-pounder Battery, having
come up from Bonneuil, imlimbered in rear of the wall of Coeuilly
Park, and after quickly making embrasures in it brought their
fire to bear upon the low ground in front.

* This Maiion Blanche if on the north (right) bank of the Mamei whereas tho
farmstead of the same name mentioned in the description of the engagement against
Faron's Division lies within the rayon of tho Wiirttcmbcrg Division.

t At first by the 3rd Battalion 107th Begimcnt coming up from Yilliers. From

the right bank of the Mame arriyed later the .HB^ l^, tho 13th Biflo Battalion,

105 106

«nd tb« 3i-d Heary Battery

380

When Bellemare 6 Division had completed its formation on the
left bank of the Manie, at 3.30 p.m., the 4th Zouave Regiment first
advanced through the hollow way rising from Bry, but suffered
such heavy losses* from the projectiles of the Germans that it
again retired to the low gi'ound. General Ducrot now caused
Bellemare's Division, reinforced bv four battalions of the Ist
Corps, to pass to the attack of ViUiers, whilst Berthaut's and
Fai'on's Divisions moved forward along the railway and towards
the Jagerhof.

Two batteries of the first-named Division which were brought
into position on the heights, endeavoured in vain to destroy the
wall of ViUiers Park; an infantry attack made shortly after
failed against the fire of the 7th Wiirttemberg Regiment, and
of the Saxon troops holding out on the north of the park, for
whose support the 4th Heavy Battery Xllth Corps was brought
forward from its position at Noisj-. After repeated and im-
Buccessful assaults by the skirmishers upon the north-west
comer of the park wall, the enemy once more withdrew to
the Mame Valley, under cover of a detachment left on the
plateau.

The attack of Berthaut's Division had hkewise been speedily
checked by a coimtei'-attack of the German companies
assembled at the railway, and had passed into a firing
contest, in which the batteries in action at Coeuilly, and to the
south of Vilhers, played an effective part. At the same time,
the Wiirttembergers at the Jagerhof and at liaison Blanche,
had repulsed the advancing detachments of Faron's Division,
and, on the retreat of the latter to Champigny, had occupied
Belair with a rifle company. The commander of the Wiirt-
temberg Division, General v. Obemitz, after the termination
of the action on Mont Mesly,t had moved with three battalions
of the 2nd and 3rd Brigades^ to the support of his right ^ving,
and during the engagement just described reached the Jagerhof,
where he left the 1st Rifle Battalion to relieve the 2nd, while
the other two battalions were despatched to Coeuilly and
ViUiers.

When darkness set in, the firing ceased gradually along the
whole Unc. The German oiTtposts took up a position at Belair,
in ViUiers Park, and at Noisy lo Graiid; iu rear, the 1st
Wiii'ttembcrg Brigade and the 24th Diviasioii occupied bivouacs
and quarters in the neip:hbom*hood of ChcuucAdures, Coeuilly,
Mahiouo, and Champs. To the latter place proceeded also the
head-quarters staff of the Xllth Army Corps, at whose disposal the
108th Regiment, the 3rd Battahon 100th Reoiment, ana several
batteries of the Corps ArtiUery were left on the left bank of the

• AJl ihe officers and mo ro than half the men were killed or wounded,
t See Part II, pp. 870-372.

i r-7i — ,,r. . » -t; — t«r-. . > '^^^ l»t Wufttembcrg Rifle Battaliou.
0th Wurt. btli VVui-t.

381

Mame. The rest of the Coi-ps were still m their positions on
the right bank of the Marne at Chelles, Montiermeil, and
Clichv.

Close in front of the Gei-man line of outposts stretched the
French line of outposts from Champigny, by way of the west
border of the Villiers plateau, as far as tlie ^larne south
of Ncuilly. The Ist Corps occupied Champigny Avith
Faron's Division, and encamped with llalroy's Division
further to the north in rear of the Ume-kilns. Of the 2nd
Corps, Berthaut's Division stood to the north of the
railway ; Maussion s Division as reserve at Le Plant. The 3rd
Corps was for the most part at Bry ; one Brigade of Alattat's
Division, with the artillery, took post on the right bank of the
Mame near the bridges; Neuilly was occupied by Gardes
Mobiles.

As the Gennans apprehended a speedy renewal of the attack The 1st of
upon Villiers and Coemlly, orders were sent during the night I^«»"*>»-
from the Royal Head-quarters at Yei-sailles to despatch parts of
ths Ilnd and Vlth Aimy Coi-ps towards the threatened section
of the line of investment. In accordance with these orders the
7th and 21st Infantiy Brigades reached Sucy at 9 a.m. ; the 3rd
Division, which had not reached ita quarters on the left bank of the
Seine at Palaiseau imtil the previous evening, moved oflf once
more at 7 o'clock with the Corps Artillery to the other side of
the stream, and reached in the afternoon, by way of Villeneuve
St. Georges, its assigned position between Boissy and Sucy.

The French commandei-s, however, did not pass to the
attack, as after a more careful consideration of the uitua-
tion they considered the attempt at breaking through the line
to have been a complete failure. But being apprehensive lest an
immediate return of the Army to Paris might cause disquietude
among the populace, the greater part of the troops on the left
bank of the Mame remained there, and works of defence were at
once commenced in the captured position, whilst the guns of Mont
Avron brought their fii*e to bear upon the river valley and
upon Chelles; some companies mounting the hill side, after
diiving in the Saxon outposts, forced their way into Gagny, but
speedity withdi-ew again. Dming the afternoon an annistice of
several hours was concluded for the purpose of dealing the
battle-field between the ililaiiie and the Seme.

The Germans meanwhile on thek part laboured to strengthen
their positions. As the presence at this time of several Prussian
Brigades guaranteed a strong reserve for the left ^ving of the
Army of the Meuse, the Cro^vn Fiince of Saxony had sum-
moned the general commanding the Xllth Ai-my Coips to
drive the enemy, who was still maintaining a threatening
attitude at Bry and Champignv, across the Mame, and to
destroy the bridges which had been constmcted. This order
did not, however, reach its destination until such a late hour

382

of the day that its execntion had to be deferred. That even-
ing, the cold beinp^ intense, the Germans went into quarters,
so far as the available space and the propinquity of the enemy
permitted ; on the right "wiug, the basons oetween Noisy and
Vilhers ; in the latter place the Ist Wiirttemberg Brigade, imder
Prince George's orders; touching this Brigade at Chennevi^es
came the Prussian 7th Brigade. The left wing was formed as
hitherto at Sucy and Valenton by the other two Wiirttemberg
Brigades, in rear of which the Prussian 3rd Division with the Corps
Artillery Ilnd Army Corps occupied the villages of Villecresnes,
Marolles, Santeny, and Servon. The 21st Bri^de, despatched
to the battle-field without knapsacks or food, had returned to
the left bank of the Seine, in the neighbourhood of Athis.

Meanwhile His Majesly the King had confided to General v.
Fransecky the temporary coromand of all the troops collected
between the Seine and Marne, and placed him under the com-
mander-in-chief of the Army of the Meuse. From the latter the
general in question received instructions towards evening to
make an attack next day, should none have taken place before
that time. In consequence of this General v. Fransecky gave
orders to Prince George of Saxony to surprise Bry and Chflon-
pigny at an early hour with the troops at his disposal, for which
purpose he would be supported if necessary by the Prussian 7th
Brigade. Besides this, at 7 a.m., the 6th Brigade and two bat-
teries were to be in readiness at Sucy to take part, all the rest
of the troops from their present quarters.*
Tlie 2nd In accordance with these orders the 24th Division, with four

December. battalions of the 23rd and the Saxon Corps Artillery, which were

appointed to attack Bry, assembled early in the morning of the
2iia December to the south-east of Noisy le Grand and at La
Grenouillfere Farm. The Ist Wui'ttemberg Brigade, selected
to advance iipon Ghampigny, stood in readiness with the Ist
Regiment at Villiers and at the railway embankment there, with
the 7th Reffiment and the 2nd Rifle BattaUon in the neighbour-
hood of Bdfair. Of the Ilnd Prussian Corps the 7th Brigade
was at the Jagerhof ; the 6th, with two batteries of the ^rps
Artillery, at Sucy ; the 5th, with the four remaining batteries of
the Corps Artillery, was on the march to Marolles.

At 7 o'clock Lieutenant-General NehrhoiF v. Holderberg
caused three battahons of the 24th Division t to commence their
march by way of Noisy le Grand. The 2nd BattaUon 107th
Regiment, leading the advance, threw back the French outposts
upon Bry by a sudden attack, and then stormed a barricade erected
in the main street of this village ; the defenders surrendered,

* At 8 a.xn. on the 2nd December an order was received from the Bojal Head-
quarters for a Division of the Ilnd Amiy Corps, as well as the 2lEt Brigade, to
remain on the left bank of the Seine. General v. Franscekv, however, did not
countermand the orders already given to his troops, and reported to this effect to
the Boval Head-quarters.

Is^^and Ilnd Illrd ^^.^^ ^^^^^ ^,^^ 4th

• 107 104 12th i:*ionecr iiattahon

. 883

bat the battalion afterwards found itself engaged in a
sangninaiT street fif ht with several rapidly assembled oattalions
of Daudel's Brigade. Although the heavy guns of Mont
Avron, of Forts Rosny and No^ent^ as well as some field
batteries, in position^ on the nght bank of the Mame at
Nemlly, brought their fire to b^ upon the neighbourhood
of Bry, and although the Saxon battahon had lost nearly all its
officers, yet it succeeded in holding its ground in the northern
part of the village. The 1st Battalion 107th Regiment had
meanwhile driven the enemy's foremost troops fit>m the height
east X)f Biy, but was then repulsed as fior as the c^neteiyoy
detachments of CouHy s Biigada Here also arose a stationarv
musketiy action, in wmch the 8rd Battalion 104fh Regiment took
part on the left wing, after it had captured about 100 Frend^
men in a park between Noisv and Bnr.*

Concurrently witii the advance of the Saxons upon Bxy, the
commander of the Ist Wfirttembeig Biigade had moved off the
2nd Rifle Battalion firom Belair towards the east side of
CShampigny, and six coxnpanies of the TthBegiment against the
paxk at that place. Whilst some of the latter, supported by
two batteries coming into action on either ade of the old road,t
readied the park, took the garrison for the most part prisbners^
and then ensconced themselves at the western border as well
as upon the height abutting to the norUiward, the
neater part of the rifle battalion had dashed forward along
uie Seine and into the village4 where, however, only dow pro-
gress was made, as the reserves of Faron's DividoUf hastening up,
offered a stubborn redstance in the houses. Two other
Wiirttemberg companies § ''had penetrated along the railway
embankment into the Bms de la Lande, but then, assailed in
flank and rear by Patord's Brigade advancing against the south
border of this wood, retired with condderable loss to Hie low
ground south of YiUiers.

General Ducrot had, at the commencement of the action,
betaken himself to Champigny, and had ordered at half-past
8 o*clock the wKoIe of the troops on the left bank of the Mame
to* make a counter-attack ^pon the German podtions, while
Bellemare's and Susbielle's Dividons were to be brought up in
support. In consequence of this, there deployed, about 9
o'clock, in the ndghbourhood of the lune-Huis south of the
Lande brook a strong line of French artillery, under cover of
which Faron's and Halroy's Dividons advanced against the
oppodte heights.

In order to ward off this impending blow the German

• The two leading battalions had pasaed by this spot unmoilested.
1 1st 6-pr. and 2nd 4rpr.

t 1 rifle company had joined the infaatiy pressing forwaxd in the park.
SythandSth fco^yffli^,
IstWtLrt.

384

batteries at first manifested increased activity^* whilst the 2nd
and fusilier battalions of the 9th Grenadiers moved from ti^e
Jagerhof towards the Bois de la Lande, captured it at the
first rosh, and for the most part bore oown ^th butt
and bayonet the French infantiy which had maintained a
brisk fire upon Hiem firom the railway embankment. At the
same time me musketeer battalions of the 49th Beffiment had
taken up a firm position in the vineyards on uie height
north ofChampi^y, and in a hand to hand contest with parts
of Malroy's Division recaptured the gravel pits, fin)m which the
7th WOittemberg Begiment had been recently expeUed. Two
companies of the latter t then repulsed a counter-«ttack made
by tne French iufSskntry fix)m the lime-kilns ; the gravel*pits were,
however, once more abandoned by the Germans on the approach
of strong hostile columns fix>m Le Plant, and were only partly
taken possession of anew by the 2nd Battalion 49th Begnnent
advancmg from the vine^'i^ds. The fusilier battalion of this
regiment nad, in conjunctLon with the 2nd Wfirttembeorg Bifle
Battalion reached Qbampigny church, but found its furUier
pro^presB checked by Faron's Division, which had meanwhile
received reinforoements.

In consequence of the stubborn resistance of the French at
Biy and CShampignyy General v. Fransecky now brought up the
6th Brigade from oucy^ to Qbiennevi^res, the 5th with four bat-
teries of the Corps Axtilleiy Ilnd Army Corps firom Marolles to
Coeuilly. The Yith CSorps was summoned to hold a brigade in
readiness at YiUeneuve St. Georges. >

After that five bsitteries,} whidi unlimbered on the height east
of Champigny, had brought the first support in the engagement
at that piace^ the 2nd Bifle Battalion remforced the detachments
stru^glmg in the village and park, while the 1st Battalion 14th
Begunent Inrought aid to the 49th fighting in the vineyards.
The commander of the 3rd Division^ Major-General v. ELartmann,
after a long and vigorous struggle, forced his way, about noon,
with all the troops assembled at Champigny, "as &r as the road
leading to Biy, and now gained permanent poaBession of the
gravel-pits^ in which upwaros of 160 men laid down their arms.

As after the victorious advance of the infimtrvythe guns which
were deployed in front of Champi^y, and haa been reinforced
since 11 o'clock by four batteries of tne Ilnd Army Corps,§ obtained

•North of CoeuiUy: Sth Light and 1st Heavy 3rd 4-pr

II Wvirt.

In the lunghbonrhood of Behir s 2°^ I'ight '"^ 1* Hoary

Wurttemberg
t 2nd and Sth.

4. lgt> 8nd, 8rd, and 4th Light, 2nd Heavy
* II

§ The foUowing were the positions of the batteries in action against Champgny
about 11 a.m« :

Sonth of the road from the Jagerhof to Champigny s IgtS-pr.

W&rttembcorg
1st and 2nd light, 2nd Heavy

385

but slight successes over tlie enemy's troops under cover, while in
their advanced position tkey 8ufiei*cd no slight losses firom the
fire of the French fortress artillery, they were withdrawn at one
o'clock into a hollow not tar from the Jagerhof ; but on the other
hand the fightini^ line on the road to Bry was extended to the
right by the fusiBer battalion 14th Regiment. The Wiirttem-
bergers, who had been engaged since 7 a.m., assembled at the
eastern border of Champigny, and, when darkness set in, retired
to Coeuilly. The fusiher battalion 49th Regiment remained
with one company of the 2nd Rifle Battalion at Champigny
church ; the heights north of the village and the gravel-pits
were held by the musketeer battalions of this regiment, and
the other three rifle companies. These troops touched on the
Bry road two battalions of the 14th Regiment^ and still
further on the right, in the Petit Bois de la Lande, two
battalions of the 9th Grenadiers. The 2nd Battalion 14th
Regiment stood, with the 54th Regiment,* in rear of Champigny,
as reserve ; in addition, the greater part of the 2nd WQrttemberg
Brigade! reached Chennevi&res at 2.30 p.m.

On the northern vring of the line of battle Prince George
had, at 10 a.m., despatched from Noisy to the support of the
troops fighting at Dry the 1st Battalion 108th Rifle Regiment,
brought up to V illiers, and the 8rd Battalion 107th Regiment.
The forme; was received by Courty's Brigade with a vigorous
fire in flank; it wheeled in consequence to the leit, and
ascended, at the double, the heights immediately to the north
of the Bry-Villiers road. After a short musketry action at close
quarters, in which also the garrison of Villiers Park took part,
the Saxons dashing forward towards the south-west with a
cheer, forced back the opposing French infantry as far as the wall
surrounding the vineyards, where it was supported by fresh
troops. In the musketry action which now ensued, and was
attended with such heavy loss to the Saxons, there took part on
the right wing two companies of the 3rd BattaUon 107th
Regiment, which had advanced from Noisy, whilst the two others
had moved towards the east side of Bry. The left wing, being
hard pressed by the enemy, was supported by the 2nd battalion
108th Regiment, and the 4th company 13th Rifle BattaUon
which joined the latter.f Sloreover, two of the batteries posted
at Coeuilly were brought up to tlie south side of Villiers, and
two heavy batteries of the Corps Artillery, Xllth Army Corps,
were placed in position to the north of this village, in rear

North-oMto£BeUur- ^^ ^P^- 8rd and 4th Lt.,8rd and 4»h Hyy., 2ndaad 8rd H. A,

vr^^v. t n^«,-ii- 3rd 4-pr. Sth Light and lit Heayy

• The commander of the regiment, Lieut.'Golonel v. Bechenberg, was here
mortally wonnded.

t With the Sifles adTanoed also parte of the 1st Wurtt, Infy. Regiment.

of which meanwhile the 3rd Battalion 100th Regiment had also
arrived from La Grenotdll&re.*

After a brief pause in the engagement, the enemy's fire
increased once more towards noon in a markedly vigorous
manner. When, subsequently, strong bodies of infantiy moved
forward upon the heights east of Bry against the positions held
by the Saxons, the commander of the 108th Regiment, Colonel
Baron v. Hansen, in view of the adversary's superiority and the
losses already sustained,! although capturing some 300 prisoners,
commenced the retreat to VilueiB, where meanwhile the 3rd
Battalion 100th Regiment had reinforced the ^Viirttemberg
garrison of the park, and the 3rd Battalion 108th Regiment the
fighting line to the north of it. The fire of these troops, effec-
tively supported by the batteries holding out on the south side
of the village, stenuned the adversary's pursuit. In order, how-
ever, to avoid their left fiank being turned and thrown back upon
the Mame, the companies in Bry likewise drew back to Noisv.
The French thereupon occupied the former village and maae
prisoners of some detachments still remaining in the houses.

Whilst the Germans, in order to ward off the expected attack
on the centre and right wing of the line of battle, had now
brought up six Saxon batteries to the south-east of Noisy, one
Prussian battery to the north of Coeuilly,} and two battalions of
the 5th Brigade, § which had reached the last-named village, to
Villiers, the French Divisions of Bellemare and Susbielle had
meanwhile arrived on the left bank of the Mame. The former
had reUeved Daudel's and Courty's Brigades en^ged at Bry, the
latter reinforced, about 2 pan., Berthaut's Division in front of
Villiers, against which place, at the sune time, a strong body
of artillery deployed.

•Th6foU<miiigwe»tliopo«ti(ml at 11.80 a.m.:— In Bry I Hnd, ^^h^ 10th.

In the cemetery of Biy : =L and parte of \^ ,

107 104

On the height, eut of Bry : ^^ ^ 12th I.t «.d Und 4&

° ' 107 108 18UiBifl«Bi^,

Ist Wtirttemberg

In and near Villiers: 2nd, 8rd 4th, 6th, and 6th nird Ilird

l8t Wurttemberg 100 108

7th and 8th HeavT ^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^.^ j^^ UtHeary ^^ 8rd 4.pr. ^^

XII II Wurttemberg

the south side, of this Tillage.

t Both liattalions of the 108th Begiment, which had lost 86 officen and 688 men,
wci'o now ooinmundud by 1st Lioulenants.

t The foUoTring were the positions towards 8 o'clock : —

At NoisT • 8rd and 4th Light, 8rd, 4th, 7th, and 8th Heavy

A i J.

South of TaiieM : IjtHearj, and »'^ ^-pr.

II Wurttemberg

North of CoeuiUj : 6th Light and 2nd Heavy

p 1st and Fus.
5 42

387

Afl soon as General v. Hartmann observed these movementSy
he caused four batteries of the Ilnd Army Corps* to advance at
a gallop from the hoUow near the Jagerhof towards the right
flank of the French line of guns, and to open fire at a distance
of 2,000 paces. As the latter, after some 10 minutes, abandoned
their position, the German batteries also retired once more into
the sneltered hollow, as they were vigorously fired upon from
the redoubts at La Faisanderie and St. Maur. After a further
attack at 3 o'clock by several French battalions upon Villiers
had been repulsed with Uttle difficulty, the struggle likewise
ceased towards 5 o'clock on the south part of the battle-field ;
the French field and fortress artillery alone continued in action
tmtil darkness had fallen.

The positions last occupied by the contending forces were
held by the outposts, and bivouacs further in rear were occupied.
In rear of the 2nd Wiirttemberg Brigade, between Noisy le
Grand and the railway embankment, lay the 24th Divison with
the Saxon Corps Artillery at Champs, the 1st Wiirttemberg
Brigade at La Lande. To the south of the railway, parts of the
Prussian 6th Brigade, bivouacking with their main body at
Chennevi^res and Ormesson, undertook the outpost duties as far
as Champigny, which remained in the occupation of the 49th
Regiment and the 2nd Rifle Battalion. Further on the left the
5th Prussian Brigade moved up into the interval between
Bonneuil and Choisy le Roi ; in rear were the 3rd Wiirttemberg
Brigade at Boissy and Valenlon, the 8th Prussian Brigade at
Draveil, the 9th Grenadiers at Villeneuve St. Georges.

On the French side, Susbielle's Division, which had been
replaced in Ci*^teil by Blaise's Brigade, occupied the western
part of Champigny and the district as far as the Lande brook ;
m rear of this Division bivouacked the Divisions of Mcdroy and
Faron, of the Ist Corps, with Court^'s Brigade of the 2nd
Corps at Le Plant. The plateau of Villiers was held by a
brigade of Berthaufs Division, of which the remainder en-
camped at the bifurcation of the roads east of Joinville, whilst
Bellemare's Division and Daudel's Brigade of the 3rd Corps
formed the left wing of the first line at Bry, and upon the height
abutting to the eastward. On the further bank of the Mame
ReiUe's^rigade had once more taken up its position at Neuilly

General Dncrot, in consequence of a communication which
had reached him on the 2nd December, with regard to the
advance of the Army of the Loire upon Fontainebleau, had
resolved to leave his troops temporarily upon the left bank of
the Mame, in order therebjr to hold the army of investment in
firont of Paris. In the mght of the 2nd-3rd December the

• 3rd and 4tli light, 8rd and 4th Heavy Batterim.

388

necessary provisions were procured, the ammunition and
battery teams provided and all preparations completed to
meet any attack that the Germans mignt make. Shortly after
midnight the French reserves concentrated in rear of the
outposts; batteries moved into position at Le Plant, on the
Viliiers plateau, and at Bry, and opened before daybreak a brisk
fire, in consequence of which General v. Fransecky likewise
caused his troops to take up their positions for battle. The
Wiirttemberg and 24th Divisions were appointed for the defence
of the heights of VilUers and Ooeuilly ; the 7th Brigade with
the Corps Artillery of the lind, and two regiments of the
Vlth Corps* held in readiness at Villeneuve St. Georges,
moved up to the plateau north of Ormesson; the bth Brigade
proceeded from Diuveil to Boissy.

Before even these points were reached the German outposts at
Champigny, along the Lande Brook, and at Vilhers found them-
selves attacked by hostile infantry detachments. In the former
village and in the neighbouring flats of the Mame three Prussian
companiesf repulsed the assault; to the north of Champigny
the adversary, owing to the defenders^ having rapidly assembled
at the western edge of the park, was likewise compelled to
retreat, after he had at the outset forced back the Prussian out-
posts. The 1st BattaUon 14th Regiment threw back the French
troops advancing by the south of the Lande Brook to beyond
the hme-kilns. The lines of skirmisliers moving against
Viliiers Park were successfully met by three Wtirttemberff com-
panies, § an attempt on the part of the enemy to scale the
north-west comer of the park wall having failed. In other
respects only unimportant skirmishes occurred this day. At
4 p.m. General v. Fransecky caused the troops under his orders
to move into quarters, which were protected oy Saxon outposts
at Noisy, by Wui-ttemberg outposts at Viliiers*, and by Prussian
outposts at Champigny. As it appeared that the enemy would
not evacuate his positions on the left bank of the Mame, the
Crown Prince of Saxony had ordered the 23rd Division to cross
thither on the following morning ; the head-quarters of the Ilird
Army placed a brigade of the Vlth Army Corps at his disposal
at Sucy.

The night, however, passed without special incident; on
the morning of the 4th the German patrols found Bry,
Champigny, and the heights west of Viliiers abandoned by the
enemy. General Ducrot, contrary to his original intention,
had, in consequence of the complete exhaustion of his

• 10th Ghrenadien and 38th Fuailien, under General t. Malaohowski.

f 9th and 11th ^^ , 2nd

49 ' 2nd Bifle BattaUon'

1 lat and 4th , let and fitli

2nd Bine Battalion' 49

& ^th 2nd and 4th

SthWurttemberg' 8rd Wtirttemberg Bifle Battalion'

389

troops, and for fear lest he should be thrown back upon the
Mame by fresh German forces, already on the previous day
issued orders to retire to the other bank. After that the trains,
followed since the noon-hour by the different Divisions,
had commenced the passage at Neuilly, Bry, and Joinville under
cover of a dense fog, the whole of the 2nd French Army, with
the exception of Mariouse's Brigade left behind to protect the
bridges, foimd itself on the evening of the 3rd once more
assembled on the right bank of the Mame. An order fi-om the
Commander-in-Chief announced to the troops that the struggle
had only been broken off for the purpose of restoring their
fighting energies.

^ In consequence of the above-mentioned order of the Crown
Prince of Saxony the IVth Army Corps occupied, on the morning
of the 4th, at Montmagny and on Mount Pinion, the previous
outpost positions of the Guard Corps, whilst the latter extended
to the left as far as the Mame at Chelles. The 23rd Divi-
sion, as the Guard Corps arrived, commenced their march
to the left bank of the Mame, and remained there for the time
being, although the retreat of the enemy had become meanwhile
known; on the other hand, the troops of the Vlth Corps
despatched to Sucy returned again to the left bank of the Seine
durmg the course of the day. In accordance with instractions
from the royal head-quarters, the Ilnd Corps, on rejoining the
command of the Crown Prince of Prussia, subsequently occupied
the district between Bonneuil and the Seine. TheWurttembergers
were henceforth to be attached to the Army of the Meuse, and on
the left wing of the latter took charge of the line of investment
between Bonneuil and Noisy le Grand. The Saxon troops moved
on the 5th and 6th December to the right bank of the Mame,
and now reoccupied the coimtry between this river and the
Ourcq canal, whereupon the Guard Corps also resmned its original
line of outposts as far as Montmagny. The Commander-in-Chief
of the Army of the Meuse, who dunng the engagement had had
his head-quarters at Le Vert Galant, returned to Margency.

The total loss in the two days engagement and in the
minor actions amounted, on the German side, to nearly 6,200
men ; on the French side, to upwards of 12,000 men.*

With these almost simultaneous defeats before Paris and in
the Loire district, the first attempt undertaken by France to
relieve the besieged capital had resulted in a complete failure.
The armies of the Repubhc set in movement for this purpose
had, it is true, gained at first some unimportant successes ; but

• In the battle of Villien the Gcnnaua had loet, on the 30th Norember, 1,700
men; on the 2nd December nearly 8,600 men. The details of the French lonea are
tiJun from the oft-mentioned work of General Ducrot.

Q 2

890

Bubsequentlj, with their ranks thinned, and for the most part
internally (liBorganised^ had in the one case retired into Ijieir
fortifications, and in the other case behind the Loire. Whilst
Orl^ns now for the second time opened its gates to the yictor,
tiie 1st Army after a series of brilliant engagements had taken
np a firm position to the north-west of Paris, in the region
between the Lower Sonmxe and the Seine.

APPENDIX LIX.

Headquarters, Vendresse,

drd September, 12 ajn*

The operations of the last few days have led to the shifting of the
Army, in such wise that the troops of H.B^. the Crown Prince of
Saxony will be on the left of the Illrd Army during the further advance
upon Paris. This relative position, which is disadvantageous as regards
order on the lines of Etappen, must be adjusted with the least possible
delay during -the further march, which is now to be conmienced on a
broader front.

The Ilird Army, which in accordance with the Army Order of
yesterday will leave two Corps temporarily at Sedan, and has this day
pushed forward towards Reims the Vlth Uorps and 6th Cavalry Divi-
sion, will advance with the Yth and Ilnd Bavarian Army Corps, the
Wurttemberg Division, and the 2nd and 4th Cavalry Divisions, in such
wise that the right wing passes through Bethel and Beims to Donnana.
On the 4th inst. the tail of the colunm must have passed the line
Montigny-Yendresse, on the 6th the line Rethel-Attigny.

The 6th Cavalry Division is to be set in movement by the head-
quarters of the nird Army for Laon by way of Ch&teau Porden, and
is to be instructed again to await for the future the orders of H.B.H.
. the Crown Prince of Saxonv.

The troops of H.B.H. will commence their forward movement in such
manner that the advanced troops do not pass beyond the line Mahny-
Stonne on the 4th, and not beyond Poix-Le Chesne on the 6th. The
right wing is subsequently to be directed on Laon, the left must not
extend beyond Attigny-Itethel-Ch&teau Porden, Boicy and Loivre.
The tail must have evacuated the line Poix^Attigny by the 8th inst, so
that the Corps of the Ilird Army left at Sedan may subsequently be
drawn forward. The right wing of these corps during the movement
is to pass through Attigny.

The respective army headquarters will transmit with the least
possible delay the route-tables drawn up on the preceding instructions,
so as to enable the supreme authorities to issue further directions with
regard to the advance on a parallel front from the line Laon-Fismes-
Dormans-SSsanne.

The headquarters of H.M. the King proceed on the 4th to Bethel,
cm the 6th to Beims. The Ilird Army will take the necessary steps for
their adequate protection.

(Signed) v. Moltka

39515.

(A)

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■CO ■3 3 ■&

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III
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APPENDIX LXI.

Return of Casualties in the IIIbd and Meuss Armt.

(2nd to 19th September 1876.)

nisD ABHY.

Killed

or Died of

Wounds.

Woonded.

Missing.

TotaL

staff and Begfanents.

B
O

•

» 1 a

7th September:
ISthBegfanent -

Mh September:
4th Dragoons

lOfeh September:
8th Dragoona ...

18th September:
5th Hussars ...

14th September:
cut lUgunent ...

15th September;
5th Dragoons . . -

15th and leth September :
Ist Lancers . . .
4th Hussars

leth September:
2nd Lancers

—

1
1
2

8
3

—

1
1

14
1

1
27

1
1

1
24

27
17
14

14
3

Total -
17th September:

EVQAQWHWKT AT MOVT MSILT.

Vth Army Corps.

68thBefriment - . -
58th Regiment - . -
4th Dragoons . . -

—

16
3

1
1

•

Total -

ttod Regiment - . -
tod Body Guard Hussars
8nd Field Pioneer Company •

1
1

8
33

1
3
7

38
2
1

—

4
1

3
29

Total for 17th September

18th September:
47th Regiment - - .
38th Fusiliers -
15th Dragoons ...
2nd Body Guard Hussars
2nd Bavarian Lancers -

6
8

4
1
1
3

1
1

2
2

13
2

Total on the 18th September

19th September:

EKOAesicsirT at Pitit BictrsB

AHD ChITILLOH.

vth Army Corps.

7th Grenadiers -

47th Regiment -

4th Dragoons . . .

UthDraroons ...

5th F. Art. Regiment -

No. 2 Sanitaiy Detachment -

1
2

2
3

17
67

7
14

—

8
3

25
101

1
S

Total -

118

—

172

♦0

(A 2)

Kttled
or died of
Wounds.

Woonded.

lOaaing.

Total.

Staff and BeMments.

•

Ilnd Bavariui Anny Corps.

Oct •ndSrd bttttaUoiu, 6th
5th Ilechiient
Intj,' Slid and Srdbattattoiit, 7th
Brig. Baciment „ -

IsthBlllA battalion

—

8
1

46
11

—

•mm

79
12

—

rut and tnd battalions,
eth 14th Bepfimeot - -
Inty. • Ist and Snd battalions,
Brifr. lAth Befriment •

Lsid Bide battaUon

1
1

10
16

—

87
41

—

aid dim 4th Art. Begt. -

—

flat and 2nd battalions,
7th 5th Begiment -
hafj.' Snd and Srd bsttalious,
Bng. MhBflgiment •

LethBifle battalion

—

1
1

—

SIJ* ; 8»^ battalion. 5th Begi-

1
1

^-'

—

8
2

—

5
8

—

2nd ChevanzleRers
4th dirn^ 4th Art Beglment
5th Cheraazlagers - ^ .-
Besenre divn., Snd Art. Begi-
ment.

—

1
2

—

2
1

—

1
4
2

Total

166

—

252

2nd Gavalry DiTision.

Ut Bodj Guard Hussars •

—

"■

•*"

iy>tal in the engagementa at
Petit Bie4tre and ChAtillon.

117

285

—

425

104

•2ndLaaoer8 ...

—

fiMeASSHBHTS AT TnXAIS AMD',

Cbxvilli.

Ylth Army Corps.

22nd Begiment

•2Srd Begiment ...

4Sth Bifle Battalion

15th Dragoons

26
8
2

—

mm^

86
3
2

Total

—

«•»

Total on the 19th September -

128

815

468

109

Total L<

MS OF THE I

IIbd Abmy.

From the 2nd to 16th September

—

1
24| 23

17th September -

—

91185

18th „ ...

—

15 15

19th „ ...

128

815

—

468

109

18:J

Total

149

869

5961

Nominal Soll of Officbbs, akd those aotino in that CAPAaTv,
WHO WKRB Killed, Wounded, or Missino.

IIIbd Abxt.

Staff and Eecimoito.

Killed or died of Wounda.

Wowided.

5th Dragoons -

(1) 2nd lient Meiling.

58th Regiment -
59th Regiment -

* . a V

(1) lat Lient. Sohroeder.

(2) 2nd lieut Jaenicke.
(1) 2nd „ Reppich.

4th]>nigoona -

(1) 2nd Lient v. Hanatein.

2nd Body Guard
Hiiatan.

(l)2]id „ ▼. Horn

Mianng: 1st Lient. Count t.
Rothkirek-Knch.

47th Regiment -

5th F. Art. Regi-
ment

6th Regiment -

7th Regiment -
14th Regiment -

15th Regiment -

3rd diTision, 4th
Art. Regiment

22nd Regiment -

(1) Ensign Haas -

(1) Ist Lient Fendele

(2) Lieut Baur.
(8) „ MOller.
(1) „ Vogt -

(1) Lient SpiegeL

(1) Capt Ritter t. Ldssl.

(2) OfioerAspirant Riedinger

(1) Vice - Sergt - Mijor
Brinkmann.

(1) Snd Lient t. TroCha.

(2) „ T. Poneet.

(1) Capt liichaelis.

(2) 1st lient Thoaeke.
(8)tnd n Hirte.

(1) Capt Ritter t. Azdudb.

(2) „ NQmbefger.

(8) 1st lient Baron y.

Hertling.

(1) lient Jnngmann.

(1) Capt Baron y. ThiSngen.

(2) 1st Lieut Scheller.

(1) 2nd lient Anderson..

ARMY OF THE MEUSE.

Killed

or Died of

Wonnds.

Wounded.

Missfaiir.

Total.

Staff and Begiments.

•

•
C

! ^

•

2nd September:

■

5th Cayaliy Dtvision.

7th Cuinssiers •>

ISth Dnfioons - - .

—

1 1 1

- ! 1

—

6
2

—

1
1

7
S

Total -

—

1 ; 2

—

3rd September :
SrdJjanoerB

1
1 1 —

...

.»

—

4th September :

llthHuSMTS ...

•

1 ;

^^^

Staff and SegiiiiintB.

Killed
or Died of
Woondt.

5thHeptember:
BOMBAXDMBST 01 MOVTMtDT.

Guard Ooipi.

Srd Lanoen of the Guard
Guard F. A. Regt. (Ut, 2iuL and
H.A.diTn.).

Total

7th September;
Uth~

9th September:

OCCITPATIOV OV TKB LaOV
CiTASBL.

IVth Army Oorpe.

4th Rifle battalion

2ud U^. batty. 4th F JLrt. Begt.

Total-

«th Oavalry DiTition.
DiviBiODal staff •

Staff of 14th OaTalry Brifcade
Staff of 16th OaTaliy Brigade
16th Humars

TMal-

17th September :
10th Hi

19th September :

Gnard Corps.
1st Foot Qnards -

IT th Army Oorps.

81st Begiment •
71st Bejpciment •
88th Fusiliers •

Xllth Army Corps

Total-

1
1

Wounded.

2
2

57
2

andl
Chaplain.
3
1
1

andl
Chaplain.

2
8

ToteL

2
8

4
2

96
2

andl
Chaplain.

8
1
1

1
1

aadl

8
2

Total Loss of thb Abxy of the Meube.

2nd September

8rd >• - . •

4th M ...
5th H ...
7th „ ...

9th n • • •

17th » ...
19th „ ...

1
1
1
2

39
5

1
1

1
12

ai
Cha

2
2

adl
plain.

1
6

1
2

—

ai
Cha

2
1
2

4
2
99
&dl
plain.

8
6

1
8

1
2

Total-

ai
Cha

86
idl
phun.

■

ai
Cha

186
Bdl
plain.

Nominal Boll of Officers, and those acting in toat Capacitt,

WHO WERE Killed ob Wounded.

staff tad Kegimenta.

Killed or died of Woimdi.

Wonnded.

ISth Lanoen -
4th fiifle Battalion -

2iid H. A. Battery, 4th
F. Art. Bcgt.

Sta£f of 6th Cayaliy
Division.

Staff of 14th Cayalrj
Brigade.

Staff of 15th CanOrj
Brigade.

16th Hussars

S6th Fusiliers -

(1) 2nd laeut. Dreger.

(2) Ensign Amtsberg.

(1) Copt. Mann.

(1) Snd Lieut. Eilhne.

(1) 1st Lieut. Beimer.

(1) 2nd Lieut Kohne.

(2) Vice-Sergt-Mig. Kdhl-

mann.

(1) Lieut. - General Duke

William of MecUen-
burg-Schwerin.

(2) Major t. SchOn&ls of the

General Staff.
(8) Capt. and Dir.-Adjt.
T. Treskow, 15th Lan-

(4) 1st Lieut, and Dir.-Adjt

T. Usedom, 1st Body-
guard Hussars.

(5) 2nd Lieut. Krause,

16th Hussars (orderly
officer).
DiT.-Chaplain Dietrich.

(1) Col. Count ▼. d. Groeben.

(2) Ist Lieut, and Brig.-Adjt.

V. & sn Schachten, 8th
Lancers.

(3) 2nd lieut t. Tresckow,

3rd Lancers (orderly
officer).

(1) Ist Lieut, and Brig..Adjt
Count T. Boss, 7th
Hussars.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Baron
Werthem.

9
O

O
H

•g

o . 1*1 . ,

fi M 6*1 *jO^

MPm&mnoo

II 11

w cu o « o Ji

■I

o o

o o a> «s *a) js

I I

< s

I I I ■ I I

I I I I I i

•4! e

^ t

S O S §«• u

o
I I » I I

- §"3

I 1^1.

4< O

I 8^ a

I MI'S a

. .1 s

III r ^

S rf 3 8

2 « a 5*

I •:

4« •§

hi 5

a> it aS

*^*.^

miss

I I

S e o •

le
I I I I •-

4S b « ■» I.

APPENDIX LXm.

ORDER OF BATTLE
Of the 14th French Cobps on 81 st August 1870.

Commander • . •

Chief oj the General Sn^ -
Commander rf Artillery
Commander of Engineers -

• General Baron Renault.

- Greneral Appert

- General Boiaaonnet

- Colonel Corbin*

Itt DiTision.
Comnuuider: General Bechon de Canasade.
iBt Brigade, General Ladreit de la Cfaarri^re.
IStli Bcgiment de marehe . - -

lath Bi^iment de mardhe ....
2 eompaniet Srd and 4th Chanenr BattaUons

Snd Brigade, General Leoomte.

17tfa Regiment de marehe . . . -

18th Regiment de marehe ....

Artillery.
No. 17 Batterieeof the 6th and 7tfa Artillery Regiments

Engineers.
Itt 8eetion» 16th company 2nd Regiment

Total of l8t DiTision -

SndDiTieion.

Commander; General d'Hngnes.

1st Brigade, General B6cher.

HHh Regiment de marehe ....
Sotfa Regiment de marehe ....
2 companies, 6th and 9th Chasseur Battalions

2nd Brigade, General Fatorel.

21st Regiment de marehe ....
22nd R^[iment de marehe ....

Artillery.
No. 17 Batteries of the 8th and ISth Artillery Regiments

Bngineers.
2nd section, 16th company 2nd Regiment •

Total of 2nd DiYision .

3
3

8
8

12*

3
3

3
8

12i

1 sec-
tion.

tion.

1 sec-
tion.

lot

Srd Divinon.

Comiiiandcr: General de MaoMion.

Itt Brigmde, General Benoit

28rd Regiment de maiche ....

24ih Regiment de marche . - . .

2 eompanief, ISth and Uth Chaaseor Battalions

2nd Brigade, General Conrth.

25tli Regiment de marehe ....
26th Regiment de marche ....

Artillery.
No. 1 7 Batteries of the 9th and 12th Artillery Regiments

Engineers.
1st section, 16th company^Srd Regiment

Total of Srd Division ...

8
8

3
8

12i

tioQ.

tion*

Reserve Abtillest.

Ck>mmander : lieutenant-Coloiiel Villiers.

Ghms.
No. 17 Batteries of 4th and 11th Artillerj B^siments - 12

8th Mixed^Battery and No. 17 Battery did ArtiBery Begiment 12
18th Mixed Batteries of 18th and 19t]i Artillery fiegiments 12

Total of 14th Army Corps — 86 Battalions Infantry, 6 companies
of Rifles, 12 batteries with 72 guns, 3 sections Engineers.

APPENDIX LXIV.

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of Champxron*s Divisiok.

Commander : Qeneral Count de Champ^n.

1st Brigade, General de Grerbrois.

1st Dragoons de marche • - -

2nd Dragoons de marche

2nd Brigade, General Cousin.
Ist Chassenrs - . - -

2nd Chasseurs . - - -

Squadrons.

- 4

• 4
- 4

Total-

lit

APPENDIX LXV.

Headquarters, Ch&teau Thierrj,

15th September, II ajn.

Thb farther advance towards Paris has for its first object to intercept
all communication between this capital and the exterior, and to prevent
entrance of convoys and attempts for its reiiefl In general therefore
the troops are not to be exposed to artillery fire ft*om the works, but at
the same time are to be moved up as near as possible to them with a
view to shortening the line of investment. The troops of H JEt.H. the
Grown Prince of Saxony are to be dii'ected against the north side of
Paris in such wise that the IVth, Guard and XUth Corps^shall complete
on the 19th, and the cavalry of these corps as early as the 18th, the
investment in the country on the right banks of the Seine and Mame,
Argenteuil being at the same time strongly occupied. The 6th and 6th
Cavalry Divisions will cross the Seine below Paris as much as possible
on the 18th, and will afterwards seek connexion with the cavalry of the
IlIrd Army between the Seine at Poissy and the neighbourhood of
Chevreuse. The latter army will advance along the left bank of the
Mame and Seine and, in proportion as the Corps still in rear arrive,
will in proportion extend its left wing. One army corps at least is to
be left between the Seine and Morne.

As an offensive movement from Paris is not probable, the Illrd
Army can proceed with its advance at once, independently of the
arrival of the troops of H.RH. the Crown Prince of Saxony. Its
cavalry is to be pushed forward as quickly as possible to form connexion
with the 6th and 6th Cavalry Divisions, as well as to reconnoitre in
the direction of the Loire, behind which river the enemy is said to be
endeavouring to form a reserve army.

All the railways leading from Paris are to be rendered impassable,
but only by the removal of the rails and switches at the points to be
occupied. In the same way the telegraphic communication at various
points is to be interrupted. For the intercommunication of the armies
numerous passages with military roads leading to them are to be made,
over the Mame above Paris (troops of HJK.H. the Crown Prince of
Saxony), and over the Seine (Illrd Aimy).

Besides this it will be the duty of the investing troops to strengthen
themselves with defensive works in the advanced line and to carefully
reconnoitre the enemy's means of defence.

Should attempts at relief be made from the Loire, the investment
of the city must be committed temporarily to weak detachments, and
the nird Army will move with its main forces to meet the advancing
foe, but at the most one or two marches, in order to defeat him and
then once more resume a close and well-prepared investment.

The headquarters of H.M. the King will remain for the present at
Meaux and will be protected by the Ulrd Arjny.

(Signed) v. Moltsx.

APPENDIX LXVI.

HeadquTtera, MeKix,

16tb September 1870.

I HEBXBT order that the districts occupied bf the »rmj, which
nn not assigned to the Goremments Oenend in Alsace and Lmraine,
nhall 1>e placed under the administntion of a ** Gorenuaent General
at Reims." As GorernoF General of Reims I appoiat H.RH. the Grand
Duke of Mecklenburg Schverin, General of IniantrT and C(»nmander
of the Xlllth ArmT Corps. The ^Var Ministry in ooDJonctioii with tlie
Chancellor of the North German Confederation will, on the basis of
the insbnction approved by me on the 28th August 1870 tot the
gOTernors general of occupied hostile districts, provide the Gioremmeat
General at Reims with the necesnry instructions, and fix temporariljr
its boundaries.

(Signed) Willuh.

To the War Ministry.

APPENDIX LXVa

Returs of Casdaltibs amono thb Gebuan Tboops bbpobb Toul,
FROM 27th Acocst to 23bi> Sbftxhbbb.

VaaoM.

XlMiuff.

TtfL

8MS>ndB«bMnU.

7«h R*«imenl -
SKlli OreiBdierB ■
flftth Fiuilien.

HiJle Lindvehr taCbBlioii
Billerfvlil Luidwehr baltslion
ard CD. Mil Fort. Anillerv But.

S!;S:M?"oS-.*A";\';r.^g^|E:

Total-

■1 "

•

-1 - ,-

Nominal Roll op Oipicebs, those acting m that Capacitt, amd
Sdkoeonb, who were Killed or Wounded.

stiff and Bcglmait.

KUlod or Died of Womidi.

<1> and LienL Hobne.

13t

APPENDIX LXVni.

Table showing the Matkbiai. in the Abtillbbt Pabu before Stbassbdbq and Eehl.

I. At Vemdbhhbih.

UonLGuna.

12 om. 9 om.

83 cm.

88 om.

81 em.

Idem.

TolaL

fiABidftfl thcM ariTfii

Long.

Short.

Guns.

Mortan.

28 om. Mid iuru tn
cm. morUn. Hi n*-
aenre carmfnm. loin

ArtiUerj - -

100

298

and transport.

Ammunition.

Sheila.

16 cm.

12 cm.

9 cm.

Guns.

87,m

lOOOOOi M,CO*> igW

3,904! 825

ShrapneL

16 cm.

UCDL

9 om.

Guns.

10^002

16,000

6,000

Shells.

28 cm.

16 cm. I Total.

Mortan.

1.000

19300

26,en

33,579 '320.404

IL At KoBK.

Total.

ArtiUeiy

Beoideo these— PiTS 16 cm. minii.

AmmunitkMi prorided ttom the
fwtiemcs of Raslitt and Ulm. t^
also ftomthe park at Vendciiheiiii.

APPENDIX LXIX.

LiEt7T.-G£NSBAL v. Werder, of the Prassian Army, commander of
the Siege Corps before Strassburg, having been requested by the French
Lieutenant-General Uhrich, governor of Strassburg, to cease hostilities
against the fortress, has agreed with that officer, in consideration of the
honourable and gaihint defence of the phhce, to conclude the following
capitulation :

Article 1. At 8 a.m. on the 28th September ISTOyLieutenant-General
Uhrich will evacuate the citadel, the Austerlltz, Fisher's and National
Gates. At the same time the German ti-oops will occupy these points.

Article 2. At 11 o'clock on the same day the French garrison^
including the Mobile and National Guard, will quit the fortress by the
National Gate, will form up between Lunette No. 44 and Redoubt No. 37,
and there lay down its arms.

Article 3. The line troops and Grarde Mobile become prisoners of
war and will at once move oif with their baggage. The National Guards
and franctireurs are relieved from making any declaration, and by
1 a.m. will lay down their arms at the Mairie. The list of the officers
of these troops will be handed over at that hour to Greneral v. Werder.

Article 4. The officers, and officials with officers' rank, of all the troops
of the French garrison of Strassburg may proceed to a place of abode
of their own selection, provided that they make a declaration on their
word of honour.

Those officers who do not give this dedaration will be sent as pri-
soners of war with the garrison to Grennany. All the French military
surgeons wiU remain in their present functions until furtlter orders.

Article 5. Lieutenant-general Uhrich binds himself, directly the arms
are laid down, to hand over all military stores, goyemment treasure,
&c, in an orderly manner through the corresponding officiab of the
German service.

The officers and officials entrusted with this duty on both sides will
assemble at noon on the 28th in the Place de Broglie at Strassburg.

This capitulation was drawn up and signed by the foUowing pleni-
potentiaries; — The Chief of the General Staff of the Siege Corps,
lieutenant-Colonel t. Lesscsynski, Captain and Adjutant Count
Henckel v. Donnersmarck on the German side, and on the French side
by Colonel Ducasse, commandant of Strassburg, and Lieutenant-Colonel
Mangin, assistant-director of artillery.

Read, approved, and subscribed.
(Here follow the signatures.)
Confirmed.

Mundolsheim,
28th September 1870.

(Signed)

▼. Wkbdbr,

Ideutenant^General.

APPENDIX LXX.

Return of Casualties among the Gebman Troops dubinq the

Investment and Siege of Strassbubg.

Killed

or Died of

Wounded.

Milling.

Total.

Wounds.

staff snd Regiment.

■

e
5

•

Engineer Staif

' S

-r

—

— .

—

Baden Traopf.

Ist Body Guard Grenadiers

. —

—

2nd Grenadier Regiment -

- 2

—

3rd Regiment

. 1

—

4th Regiment

—

•■•

—

«•

5th Regiment

—

1 —

—

...

6th Regiment

. —

— .

—

^m.

—

lit Body Guard Dngoons

. —

—

2nd Dragoons

—

3rd Dragoons

—

4th Light Batty. Corps Artilleiy

—

Total -

144

—

816

Guard Laudwehr DiTision.

1st Guard n«*^2^^'^^

^^/^^ 1 2nd7iuard " Land-
*"«• C wehrRegt.

—

— .

—

Qn;i#a«.wiri8t> Guard Gren
^"?- C Landwehr Regt. -

—

. —

— .

—

HB-

—

— .

Combined Artillery Division •

—

"—

—

1
1

Total -

31 1

167 1

.-.

— i

.—

196 1

15t

Killed.

or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

Missing.

Total.

Staff and Bflgiment.

•

^ 1 33

Iflt Bei6r?<e Dlviaion.

Combined /aoth Regiment
Inf. Briff. l94tii Pudliera

«.

— .

—

...

i..

...

l8t /'Ist Comb. Laudwehr

Land-} Begt. (14^ -

...

—

— .

—m

wehr ; 2nd Comb. Londwefar

Brig. C Begt. (21/54) -

—

— .

—

...

—,

fBrigade Staff

.—

—

.—

3rd Comb. Laudwehr

2nd
Land*

Regt. (26/61) -

—

1 Staff

iStaff

Surgeon

wour

Brig.

sndl re-

andlPay-{

master.

4th Comb. Landwehr

2ndComb£!ed}MlIer7 Divisioii

^"*

.■1^

Total-

„^

223

...

30S

1 Staff

IStaff

Surgeon

andl Pay-

■ndl Pay-

master.

Combined Fortren Art. Begt. :

lit Division

^•m

.•

—m

2nd Division

„^

Sid Division

...

4th Division

'—•"

...

5th Division

eth Division

...

7th Division

m»

m^.

13 1 -

• 8th Division

...

1 1-

Artillery Detaohmmit at Kehl -

—

— •

3
108

—

4 i-

Tbtal-

—

118 1 —

Combined Pioneer Regiment :

l8t Combined Pioneer Battn. •

.—

18 —

2nd Combined Pioneer Battn. •

-i.

•.-

...

andl

Asst.-Sur-

Asst^ur-

mbined Pioneer Battn. -

—

ion.

—

l""

on.

—

Total-

andl

Ant.-bur-

Anl-Sur-I

geon.

geon. j

Total L

088 nr THE 8IB6B C0BP8.

Engineer Staff

Baden Troops - . .

Guavd Landwehr Division

8
3

4
4

^ -1

144 24 1

7
7

216 T^

167

196

1st Reserve Division

— i

233

.mm

868

andl

andl >

Staff Sur^

Staff. Sur-<

geon 1
indlFay- 1

xeon
ind 1 Pi^-

mnter. 1

mastAF.

Comb. Fortren Art. Regt. and

Detachment at Kehl

102

118 1 —

Combined Pioneer Regiment

- 3

—

■^

68 : —

andl

Lnt.-Sur- {

Ant.-8nr-

R«

>n. t

gcon.

Total -

166

685 1

18 39 884 1

andl

Staff Sur-

geon.
lAnt.-

Roon.
lAsst.-

Surgeon«

Surgeon,

1 Pay-

1 Pay- !

master.

master. {
1 '

Nominal Boll of OmciBS, thosb aciimo in that Capaoitt, and

MiLITABT OwnClALBf WHO WXBB KxLLBD OB WOUNDBD.

Stall and BcKfaiMDt.

KiUed or DM of Wonnds.

Wonndad.

Engineer Staff -

2Dd Baden Grenadier
Regunent

Srd Baden Regiment -

iBt Guard Landwehr
Begimemt

2nd Guard Landwehr
Regiment.

1st Gnard Grenadier

«nd „ „

3(Hh Regiment

34t]i Fnsiliers .

1st Combined Land-
wehr R^ (U/21).

drd

4th

„ (26/61)
„ (61/66)

Combined Fortreas
Artillery Regiment:

1st division

2nd

5th

6th

7th

Artillery Detachment
atKehl.

1st Combined Pioneer
Battalion.

Sod

.3ra

(1) lient-CoL ▼. Gsyl
(S) Oapt Hertsb«ig
(8) t, Kirchgeiiner, Baden
Armj.

(1) Oapt May

(2) „ Griff .

(1) 2nd lient. Bamm.

(1) 1st Lieut ▼. HeUennamn

(1) Snd lient. ▼• Oppen.

(1) Capt t. Diest

(1) Capt. y. Faber.

(1) (3apt. Ledeboor

(1) Migor T. Qnitaow

(1) Ci^ Cberalier.

(2) », T. Soheren.

(3) 1st Lient Wiehert

(4) Wmmnnggu.

(1) Ist Lient Seabert

(2) 2nd Lient Baron SoUl-
lingT. Caaatadt

(8) 2nd Lieut Lang.
(4) „ ^e#er.

(1) Capt Biberr. Faii

(2) 1st Lieut Martina.

(1) 2nd Lieut Cluniia.

(1) 2nd lieut KOUar.

(1) Mijor ▼. Berekefeldt

(2) 2nd Lieut Versen.

(1) „ T. Sftek.

(2) n Ortmann.

(1) „ WoUadilager.

(1) Staff Surgeon Dr. PohL

(2) Paymaater Meyer.

(1) 2nd Lieut, flenael.

(2) Vioe-Seigt-Miuor Plate.

(1) 2nd Lieut "Wlndthorst
(1) Ensign Promm.
(1) 1st Lieut Pierer.
(1) 2nd „ Schwendig.
(1) Capt Imle.

(l)Capt T. Klaeden.
(2) 2nd Lieut Kamaaeh.

(1) Assistant Surgeon Dr.

Ummethum.
(1) Capt Kamlah.

17t

APPENDIX LXXI.

Return op Casualtikb in Corps and Regiments kelonging to
TiiE IIIrd Armt (from the 20th September to the 31st October
1870, inclusive) :—

Corps.

Stiff and Regiments.

Vlth

IlndBftT.
WQrttemberg
Field Dim.

Vlth
Ilnd Bavn.

Vth-
Vlth

4th Car. Divn.

•

20th September.
22nd Regiment •

21st September.

6th Reiriment

1st Reffiment

7th Reriment

2nd Riflo Battalion

2nd Refdment

Sth Ref^iment

8rd Regiment

8th Reffimont

4th Cavalry Regiment

22nd September.

22nd Reiriment •

23rd Regiment -

63rd Reiriment -

15th Regiment -
6th Rifle Battalion
16th Lancers
13th Dragoons

Vth • -

Vlth
Xlth
1st Bavn.
llndBavn.
5th Cav. Divn.

Vlth

1st Bavn. -
I Ind Bavn.
4th Cav. Dix-n.
Cth Cav. Divn.

Vth - - -
Vlth

• « •

IstBav. -
*2ad Cav. Divn. {

41648.

23rd September.

58th Reffiment -

6th Riflo Battalion

22nd Regiment -

02nd RefHment -

6th Field ArtUlery Regiment

5th Cuirassiers -

2nd Body Guard Hussars

5th Dragoons

24th September.

59th Regiment -

3th Pioneer Battalion -

6Snl Reidmont

88th Reiriment •

3rd Chevauxlegers

3rd battolion, 1st Regiment

IGth Lancon

2Sth September.

C2ttd Reiriment •
63rd Resriment -
3rd Chevauxlegers
6th Regiment
10th Lancers
Gih Cuirassiers -
iSth Lancers

26th September.

5Sth Regiment •
' 62nd Reiriment •
I 6Srd Re>rimeiit -
' 3rd Chevauzlesrcrs

int Body Guard Hussars
' Gth Hussars

Killed,
or Died of
Wounds.

-4

e: S
5 5S

Wounded.

«id

5 I

> s

o
X

Missing.

TotftL

•

■i

•

2
2

2
1
2

1 ! 12 • —

1 —

- 1

1 ,

1 —
1 —

- ; — i 2

1 —
1 1

— I 4

— 4

— IS

— 9

— i 21

— • 4

— . 6

— 1

4
1

— 1

2
1

- ■ 1 i -

11-
1 i 1

1 — : —

1 ;
I

3
1 .

— i 1

8
1

— . 1

— 1

- 2 1-

1 I 1
1 J

(B)

2
2
1
4
I
2
1

6
3
50
11
3
1
2
2

— 2

— 1

— . 1

— : 1

3
.1

1
1
1
3
4
1

1
I

— 1 —

1 G

1
15

' 3

3
S

Corps.

ithCav.Dim.

5th Cav. Divn.
6th Oar. Dim.

Ilnd Bat.

Vlth
Ilnd Bar.

Vth - . .
Vlth - .
Ilnd Bav.

Ilnd Bav.
2nd Car. Divn.
6th Cav. Divn.

W M

Vth

Vltli

Xlth

IstBav. .
Ilnd Bav.

Vlth - -
2nd Cav. Divn.

4th Cav. Di\ n.
Cth Cav. Divn.

Wurt. Field \
Divn. J

Vlth
1st Bav.

Stall and RegiaaotB.

KlUod

■

or Died of

Woondod.

Wounds.

•

s
o

Mining.

OtotaL

o X

5th Cniraoirnt
10th Lancers
Ist Lancers
ISth Drairoons
ISthLanoers

27th September.

9th Bepdmcnt

Arty. divn. 4th Infy. Divn.

28th September.

2Snd Begiment •

62nd Regiment -
6th Pioneer Battalion -
9th Begiment

29th September.

58th Bc«riment -

6th Pioneer Battalion -

15th Begiment -

0th Regiment

Srd Battalion, 5th Begiment

5th Hussars

13th Dragoons

10th Hussars

llth Hussars

SOth September.

7th Grenadiers •
5th Eifle Battalion

1
1

BvoAonnr bivoss

CSKTILLT.

lOth Grenadiers •
6th Rine Battalion
2Snd Regiment -
6fnd R^ment •
28rd Regiment -
6Srd Regiment
15th Dragoons
6th Field Artv. Regiment
6th Pioneer Battalion -

Total for the engagement
before Chwillj'.
88thReiriment •
llth Rille Battalion
04th Regiment ...
llth Field Arty. Eegt. •
Ist Batt. 2nd Regiment (with

the 5th Cav. Division.)
7th Regiment ...
5th Reiriment ...
Gth Rifle Battalion
5th Kiac Battalion

Ist October.

Ti^nd Bedmcnt ...

1st Body Guard Hussars

No. 1 Uorse Arty. Battery 2nd

Field Art>'. Regiment.
10th Lancen* ...
2nd Body Guard Hnssarsi
lath Hussars ...

(Ist to 18th October.)
1st Cavalry Regiment -

2nd October.

51st Regimen t ...
Otl) Field Arty. Rest.
1st Battn. Bo<ly Guard Infkntry
Resrt. (with the 4th Cav. Divn.)

1
2

1
1

20
1
6

4
8S
19

2
8

138

1
1
1
1

- ' 1

1
1

— S

7
2

2 ; 4

65
4
SS
24
95
86

5
7

2
I

6 —

18
2

1
1
1

1
1
1
2
2
4
1
1
1

184

4
2
1

1
8
2

2
2

1
8
8

1
1
1

8
8
1

2
8
8

staff and BeBimenli.

Kilied.

Voundod.

MiHinK.

TulaL

Cwpi.

i if

s 1 a

_f J

i 1

nth - -

BthCnr.DlTO.

Vtb ■ - -

litBav. - -

ethCw.Di™.

IS.- : :

IitBav. - -

IlDdB>T.

«h Car. Dim,

Vlth - -
Ilnd Bar.

MbCav. Di™.

«tb Car. Divn.

sL.; ;

IlndBaT. -
2nd Car. Dim.

Ub Car. DiTn.

Sth Cbt. Divn.
etbCaT.Dim.

ifLi ;

eth CaT. ra™.

anl October.
liiib Unccn

SSE=- ; : :

4tb October.
stli Ring battalion
3th Pinncer battilion -

IK Battn. lltb B(«t. (vith the

ie?l.''H^^"^' - -

ind H. A. Batlory. 3rd Field
Arty. B««iiimt.

tth October.
Ken. f wit h Un Mb CaT. Divn.)'

fjfSL^L : :

inrt Body Guard HoMari
Ml'^^Batte^, llth Field
Arty. Hart.

«th October.

;tU October.
WthFurilien -
giitBe^nwnC ■
StbBcffiment
mh R*iciaiont -

^I'ld Body Guard Hunan

SSSS3- : : :

81b October.
19th Bariiucnt -
Ki>lh Fuallien

«h fiwrimcnt - - ■

^nl H. A. Battn. 6th P. Arty.

3£cggn . . :

idlhBi;^ - '■ -
Dth October.

Ill ■nd'lrd BaUna. fad Beet.
(With the 6th CaT. Divn.).

Ill Body Guard HdMUI

1
-

IB
2

1
1

IB
\

*
0

I
1

1
1

ii
11

-
1

1
Ii

1
U

"i
s

(B2)

20+

1 JS-^

1 Wounds

Twmded.

.-.,.

ToM.

Con-.

I'l

i!l

41
lil

TIth - ■
IrtBav. ■ ■

ITlh In/riHvn."
IntBir. . -

10th October.
Mth Fiulllm'

(with the GthCa'.Divn.)
Btt; K«i«.cnl .
snh GniMiUen -

EsOiQIilllltT BEIOM ABTSai

lit Intwilrj DiTl«lon.

1 ,: -■iLDcnt

B"iL-,3L'™uirilv'iiVHni,i.n
Sn.l -12™! ll/sinier.l -

Bf/^. Ull. ItJlIf nail:>l<i'i>

mlinineB-lWlion

BPiaipvniiilcTrm

lit divj..Jh[Aro-. Rrjrt.-

IndInltalryDlrt.ioi..
Snl Infr. Briit, l«h E«lmont
ir.ddtvn.lJtP.Arly.Ittit.

C"i4'i«i^"i'""""A-ri.tt«7

""'■J !rd F. Alt T- IICBl.
Arlv. ReKn« illvn. C»ni Artr

_ L

0
~6

s
1

- 1

~i *

- ■

-' li

-\ 0

;

1 Total lit Bar. Corp* ■

; ui H^B4ttj.':ml V. JMT
i Jr.?*S; A. Bntll. "li F. ArtJ

TolfilforlndDtralrjDiTO.

JtliC»T.Divn. 'ailiCiiinwion .
• imh Lsnccrt

: tii.ii Bnly Giuir<l Hnsnri

1S7

26
T

B ICO

-' s

- IIS

I ' e
"i ' t

;

- s

-; 0

173
~I
6

> 0

- it

etljCnr.DLvii, 3nl Ilnsraii ■ ■. " "j | '
1 mUOctoVr. ; _(

vtii - - - .mill iifwii»«.t - - : Z| ( z

' , sill llCfiniei;t - • ■'"[";"
Acno^ iT Oni^Asa. i
liUnhntTT DirtKion. [ ' i
1 . l„fr (^^X f'-'""^ B.*. - ' 1 i I '-
UtBav. . . "K-}^i,fe';;i.,. :■ = ! i : =

5rJ Diovluiloicrs ■ ■ .-'-Is

t lis .110

21t

Corps.

22nd Infy.
Dim.

Ith Cav. Divn.

2ud Cav. Divn.

Vth. - -
Vlth. - -

2nd Cav. Divn.
5tU Cav. Divn.

Vth. -
Vlth.

Ilnd. Cat*.

Killed,

or Died of

l^'ounds.

Staff and Regiments.

Wounded.

B
O

P^ : :::

Missin;.

i \

Total.

o
C

I c
I X

2nd Infsntry Division.

fRrifcadeStnfl-
3rd Infy. j Srd Keviment
\ir\}t. ) 12th Ri'vinient
V.l8t Rillo Bnttn.
CKrisodoStatr-
•Uh Infy.) 10th Rciriment
Drig. ) 13th IWimcnt
V.7th Bifle Battn.

'TJinu** } ^** ^'^^^ ^^y- ^^
Cur. Brig., 2nd Cuirassien
Artv. Eos. ysrd.irty. Refft.
Divn. lut Ai-ty. Rest.

Total for 1st Bav. Corps

32nd Rcfriroont -

05tli Regiment •

8Srd Regiment

U4th Regiment •

13th Hussars

11th Field Arty. Regiment

8 > 99 I 1
4 31 t —

i\ 13 I —

1
2

Total for 22nd Infy. Divn.

Sth Cuira.ssiers

10th Lanci!ri

Total for
Orleans.

17
20
11

1
11

201

SS
7
6
S

47 I 21

the action at

2i 2kS • 4.>

1st Body Guard Hussars

12th October.

'iStli Regiment
lothGrrnadicrs -
:;8th Fusiliers
Gth Hussant
11th Hussars

■ 1 ! —

13th October.

."jSth Regiment
5lst Regiment
23rd Regiment •

EKOAaBUSaT AT BjLOXEUS.

Srd Infantry Divisio!i.

oth Infy. j'Gth Regiment

Brig. (.7th Rceimcnt -I

0th Infy. Bng.; 151 U Ucflriment • >
Arty. (tiviL (i'rom 4:h Arty.

Ucgt.)

4th Infantry Division.

7lh Itify. ( 5th Re;riment
Brig. 1 0th Rcffiment • t -*-

rSrd Buttn.. 1st RL':rt I 3
3rd Battn,. 5th Roirt. I —
Srd Battn.. llth lU^^t. —
3rd Battn. 14th Rcgt. i —
v.Sth Riao Battn. ^

10th Rifle battn.
Arty. divn. {trom 4th Arty. Rogt
2 ad Sanitaty Company •
.^rty. Reserve divn. (2nd Arty.
Rcgt.)

! 2

- I — 1 2
4 I 130
A I 76
1 10
1
3
7

38
C2
3S

8
1

24 I 807 I ^

5
8

77
20
54

-. 14
11 I 170

2
11

3o : 570 I 47

2 '

13 i

5 I
13 I

3 :

30 I —

2 —
1

12 ' 230
9 I 120

3
1
3
8
2

4
0

-I 1 [-

4 I -
1

1 ! —

8 . —

- 1

Sth Infy.

iirig.

Total for encngement at Bag- 1 4

iicux. .

— ' 1

•I

— i 21 I —

1
1

<i2

1 : —

U , 4

C IW)

104

I r

637 I 56

107
84
62
10
1
17

8
. 20

281 I 34

1
2

878 I 03

- 01

1
1

4
1
2

1
2
1

1
1
2

1
6

124

10 I 356

I 4
I-

I"
I

I 16

22t

Corps.

Staff and

KiUed,
or Died of
Wounds.

•

S ! X

Wounded.

Hitting.

ToUL

E
O

^ I

o
O

17th Iniy. DiTn. 7dth Bagiment
i 80th Grenftdiert

2nd Gat. Bivn.
4th CftT. Divn.
6th Cav. Divn.

Vth. .

17th Ini^*. Divn.
2nd CftT. Divn. '
4thCaT.Dirn. >
6th Car. Divn. !

I 90th Puailieni

I Bth Uuaaan

i Snd Body Guard Humrs

I Brandenburg Cuirasiiers

14th October.

' 5Sth Begimeut
70th Regiment -
l8t Body Guard Oniraiaien
6th lAuoers
8rd Uunars.

15th October.

Vth - - •

Xlth - -
Ilnd Bav.
17th Inf. Divn.

4th Cav. Divn.

Vtli - . •
Xlth - •
Ist Bav. -
llnd Bav.
17th Inf. Divn.
2nd Cav. Divn.

Vth - - •
Xtth - -
Ilnd Bav.
17th Inf. Divn.
6th Cav. Divn.

6Sth Regiment

37th Fusilicnt

67tli Reclment

6th Uenmcnt

70th Regiment

8!ith Grenadiers

2nd Body Guard Uusaars

Vlth

Xlth
Ist Bav. -
Ilnd Bav.

17th Inf. Divn.
22ud Inf. Divn.

4th Cav. Divn.

5th Cav. Divn.
6th Cav. Divn.

Vlth

Ilnd Bav.
2nd Cav. DiviL

6th Cav. Divn.

16th October.

69th Regiment

80th Fusiliers

ist Infy. Divn.. 1st Art. Regt.

8th Rifle Battalion

76th Regiment -

Sth Huasars

17th October.

68th Regiment -
82nd Re^ment -
3rd Battn. llth Regiment
14th Rifle Battalion
3rd Unssars

18th October.

. Regt

62nd Regiment •

23rd Regiment

68rd Regiment

llth Rifle Battalion

0th 6-pr. battery, 1st Arty

14th Regiment

9th Regiment

lOih Rifle Battalion

80th Grenadiers

32nd Regiment

05th Regiment

8Srd Refrimeut

04th Regiment

llth F. Arty. Ucgt

5tli Cuirossiei's

10th Lancers

2nd 11. A. Battery, llth F.Art

Regt.
13lh Lancers . . .

llth Hussars
8rd Hussars . . .

19th October.

38th Fusiliers

23rd Kegiment

63rd Regiment

6th Rcnment

1st Body Guard Hussars

5th Hussars

4th Hussars

15tli Lancers

16th Hussars

1
2

1
1

1
8

1
2

8 —
8 1 —

3 1 —

— ; 2

1 I —

1 . —

— i 1

— I 1

1
1

1
1
1

— 1

1
1 I

1
2

1
1

20
16
12

6
5

2
1

1
1

1
2

4
1

2
7
3
6

1
2

1 i 1

2 i-

1
1

— 3

1
1

C
o

2
S

1
1
1
1
6

1
1
1
2

1
1

6
1

1
2
1
5

1
1
1
1
7
S
10
1
1

88
25
12
9
6
1
3
1

1
1
1

1
2

4
1
8
1
1
1

2
1

1
8

7
8
6

4
I
1

-dtU Ootolier.
SSth Beilment ■
«tli BiOe Bnltalion

I =11

: a ' s

dUTil L*Tld-
vehrDlvn.

Tlth - -

6ath aenimenC -

&Mb Kcnmcnt

Sth BAOe BitUUan

nih Qreruutien •

Mth Reiimcnt -

ITCH FuiUien

Hth Keicimont -

Stb F. Anj. Best.

Ill Guard Luidirelir Bcgt.

JiBi 11.1.10 man C •
Hind KceimenC -
~'h F. Arty. Eegt.

7 ; W) I

Z: i |:

3ni CsviUry BegimGnt -

ISth Uuswn

TItli. ■
let. Bar. ■

5Mh Eettiment -

ecu Blfle BottaliDn

esrd BeitimenC ■

Sth Rine BattnUon

Srd Bnltn., jnd Ri«t. (wilt
Sth Cnvulry Division).
Cti Hide BitWioii
st Bixl; Guard Huscan

Blst BcEii
KndKatin
aih Begimi

illE

Wounded.

UiniiiR.

Tool.

Corp..

SCalTuiallCiimmU.

1 t

o s

O) K

e 1

TIth . .
l»tBa». - .

Wiirt Picld

adcHi.Divn.

tnd CaT. Dlvn.

Vth - . .

TIth

SodOaT.DiTn.

iS!t :;

TIth - .
ITHi Inf. Ditn.

TIth . -
llDd Bay.

iDd Car. Divn

«hCa..Divn.

Tith . -
Iliul uiv.

4th Civ.'ui'iii.'
Btll Cuv. Uivii.

OtIiCar.Dini.

tSth October.

SkHs : '■

UIu'Tb^m.. -2,,'] F. Ait.B«|t.

fGUi October.

n.h October.
47tb Raiment .
IM Body Guard Buann

tSth October.
mhPIanficr Battalion -
lllh Pwiicor Battilion '■ '■

EMh October.

Mrid IU.i.lnicnt -
«anl K<¥iiun>t -
BBth Uronadiot* -

lOih October.

SfSSS' : : :

4rJUaLtiJion,SUiB<«iiiieiit -

asdS :' .• :'

iUt Ootobcr.

SKS.. : : :
»£=;." : : :
as;' ; ; ;

Mil <Juirauien - • -

siEs ; ; •

IrdlJU™" " '. '
Total .

]

1
42

ifxm

_
»

S 3

1
J
1

1
1

3
U4I

Total I^sbls of Coui-s

and Diiis

of the Ilird AR.MV.

,r[h Army Corps -

1 Lm Usrannn Army Coriii.

1 13 1

-1 03 -

- is , li

1
S

73
02 '

lOS

60
lU

Total -

Ira, 830 !21i

vn'.i.m,sse

1 1 SOD . IBS

168

S,I«

25t

nouinax lioll of officers, those acting ix that capacity, axd

Surgeons who ^vere killed or wounded.

Killed, or Died of

Conn.

Staff and Regiment.

Wounds.

Wounded.

22od September.

Vlth -

22nd Regiment -
23rd September.

(1) Col. y. Qttistorp.

22nd Regiment -

(1) Vice Sergt.-

(1) 1st Lieut, y.

Major Adler.

Rekowsky.

(2) 2nd Lieut, v.
Focsenski Tcnczin.

(3) Vice Sergt-

Mijor Oppitz.

6th Field. Arty Rcgt

- - - -

(1) Captain Zirzow

(2) Ist Lt Bariseh

4th Cay. Divn.

5th Dragoons -
24th September.

(1) Ensign Koppe.

5th CftT. Divn.

i6th Lancen -
25th September.

(1) 2nd Lt. Schafer.

6th Car.DivD.

15th Lancers -

. . . .

(1) Alajor V.

•

Westernhagen.

26th September.

2Dd Cay. Divn.

Ist Body Guard Regt.

- - . .

(1) 2nd Lieut r.
Brunneck.

4th Cay. Dim.

10th Lancers -

(1) Captain Baron

(1) 2nd Lieut y.

V. Collas.

Mitslaff I.

(2) 2nd Lt Baron

y. Rothkirch-

Fanthen.

30th September.

Enoxgeuent at

CUEVILLY.

Vlth

10th Grenadiers

(1) Captain Count

(1) 2ndLt Glauer.

Clairon d'Hausson-

(2) „ Guhrauer.

ville.

(3) „ Kohlisch.

(2) 2nd Lieut, v.

(4) ,, Dames.

•

Schlebrugge.

(5) ,, Mahlffuth.
(C) „ Schulz.

(7) „ Ilofiinann L

22nd Regiment -

(1) 1st Lt. Grubert

62nd Regiment

(1) 2nd Lieut, v.

(1) 1st Lieut V.

Chappuis.

Wiukler.

(2) Vice Sergt.-

(2) 2nd Lt Berg-

Migor Tilling.

velt.

23rd Regiment -

( 1 ) &£ajor Ronnebeig

(1) 2nd Lieut y.

(2) 2nd Lieut v.

Scheyc.

TSchirschky and

(2) 2nd Lt. Hofer.

Bdgendorff I.

(3) Ensign Wilke.

(3) 2nd Lt. SchOn-

(4) Vice Seigt-

berg.

]Major May.

(5) „ Tillgner.

(6) yy Mondro.

•

(7) ,, Rauch.

63rd Regiment -

(1) l8t Lt. V. Damitx

(l)2ndLtEoeppel.

6th Pioneer Battalion

(1) 2ndLt. Burghardt.

(2) „ Scholz.

26t

Oorpi.

BtaffuidResimeDt.

KUledL or Died ck(
wounds.

'Wounded.

wart. F. Divn.

4th Cay. Dim.

IlndBaT.

4th Car. Diyn.

nth -

Ilnd Bay.
2nd Cay. Diyn.
6th Cay. Diyn.

Xlth

Ist to 18th October.
1ft. Cay.

1st Bay. -

2nd Cay. Diyn.

1st Bay. -

5th October.
2nd Body Gd. Hussars

7th October.
6th Regiment -

9th Begiment •

5th Dragoons -

8th October.
18th Begiment -

9th Begiment -
5th Hossars
16th Hussars -

9th October.
80th Fosiliers -

10th October.

Eroagement at
Abtbnat.

Body Gd., Inf. Regt

1st Regiment -

2nd Art. diyn. 1st.
Arty. Begt.
Ist. H.A. Batty. 2nd
F. Arty. Begt

11th October.

Acnoir at Obubavs.

Body Gd. Inf. Begt.
Ist Begiment -

2nd Bifle Battalion -
Srd Begiment -

12th Begiment -

1st Bifle battalion

(1) Lt. ELarpprecht.

(1) Capt. y. Poncet

(1) Maj.y.EMnwein \ (1) Capt Lidl.

(2) 2nd Lt Weiss.

(1) Lt Gossmanu

(Missing.)
(I) 2nd Lt County.
Brockdoiff (was
left behind sick and
taken prisoner).

(1) Lieut Benner -
(1) Captain Ulrich -

(1) Lt y. Limpnmn

(1) 2nd Lt Gelpke.

(1) Capt Neumann.

(1) M^Jor Baizer -

(2) Capt Horn

(3) „ Seidens-

ticker.

(4) 1st Lt Geiger -

(5) lient Gramm -

(6) „ Lechner.

(7) „ Biibel.

(8) „ Frey.

(1) Mfg'. y. Tem -

(2) „ Baron Kress
y. Kressenstein.

(8) Captain Biirgel -
(4) Lt Fellermaier -

(1) Lieut. Maier

(2) .. Pullich.

(1) Ist lieutenant
Schwencke.

(1) Capt Kutseher.

(1) Capt y. Strantz.

(1) Lieut-Ck>L

Heiden.
(1) Capt DiUmann.
(2)Lt Doblemann.
(1) Lieut Baron y«
Lupin.

(1) Major y. Liine-
schloss,
(1) Lieut Bftchl.

(1) Lt Guilmann

(2) „ Vogt

(3) „ Baron y.u.z.d.
Tann - Bathsam-
hausen.

(4) Lt. Heilbronner.

(1) Capt Hiller.

(2) 1st Lt. Haas.
(8) Lt Schulz.

(4) „ V. Sedelmaier.

(5) „ Butttnann.
(1) Captain Eder.

27t

Corps.

Staff and Beffiment.

KiUed. or Died of
Wounds.

Wonnded.

IftBay. -

32nd Inf. Divn.

UndBay.

4th Cav. DWn.

Vth „

IftBay. -

6th Cay. Diyn.

Staff, 4th Iniy. Brig.

10th Regiment -

13th Begiment -

7th Rifle Battalion -

2nd Art diy., 1st Art.

Regt.
Art. Res. Diy. (from

3rd Art Regt.)
d2nd Regiment -

95th Regiment -
83rd Regiment •
13th October.

ENOAaSMBNT AT

Bagneux.
8rd battn. 1st Regt. -

Srdbattn. 11th Regt.
8rd battn. 14th R^

5th Rifle Battalion -

14th October.
6th Lancers

15th October.
37thFusUier8 -

16th October.

Art. diyn. of the Ist
Inf. Diyn. (Ist Art.
Regt)

17th October.
3rd Hussars

(1) Lieut. Nipeiller-

( 1) Captain Gortz -

(2) I St Lieut Manx
(1) 1st Lt Deinin-

ger.

(I) 1st Lt Lolhdffel
y. LOwensprung

(1) Capt Vogel y.

Falckenstein.

(2) Ensign Rohr.

(1) 1st Lieut Oes-

terreich.

(2) 2nd Lieut. La

Barr^.

(1) 1st Lieut. Fraud

(2) Lieut. Thanner.

(3) „ Roth.

(1) Lieut WUd

(1) 2nd Lieut v.
Plessen.

(1) 2nd Lieut Wer-
kenthin.

(1) Captain and
Brigade Adjutant
Miehell.

(1) iBtLtDiunlein.

(2) Lieut. Wolfle.

(3) „ Baron y.

Guttenberg.
(1) Major Baron y.
Gumppenberg.
(2)CaptHaag.

(3) 1 St Lieut Seyler.

(4) „ Buckel.

(5) Lieut Brust

(6) „ Steinberger.

(7) „ Wagner.

(1) Lieut Frischhut

(1) Capt y. Ascboff.

(2) 2nd Lt Baron y.

Werthem.

(3) „ y. ThOmen.

(4) ,, Hehn.

(5) „ Greiner.

(1) 2nd Lt Dressel.

(2) Ensign Riepcn-

hausen.

(1) CaptMo}'^.

(2) 2nd Lt Amdt

(3) „ Sander.

(4) „ TTcssel.

(1) Lieut Berchten*

breiter.

(2) ,, Baron y.

Reitzenstein.

(3) „ KarL
(1) Lieut Buchl.
(1) Officer-aspirant

Losebge.
(1) Lieut Fuchs.

(1) 1st Lieut y.
Trentini.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Baron
y. Ardenne.

28t

Corps.

SUA and Begiment.

Killed or Died of
Woondji.

Wounded.

18th October.
S2iid Inf. Dim. I SSnd Regiment -

92th Regiment -
94th Regiment -

Vlth

5th Cay* Divn.
6th Cav. DiTn.

Vth

Guard Landw.
Divn.

Wiirtt. r. DiTn.

2nd Cav. Divn.

19th October.
68rd Regiment -

20th October.
1 1th Hnsaars -

drd Lancers

81st October.

EXGAOEMEIIT AT La

Malmaisox.
6th Grenadiers -

46th Regiment -

50th Regiment -
1st Guard Londw.
Regt.

7th Regiment -

24th October.
6th Hussars

• 0)

(1) Snd Lt Sommer
(1) „ Raronv.
HantaU.

(1) Snd Lieut, t.
Kalckstein.

Baron

y. Werthem.

(1) 2nd Lt. MiUler.

(1) „Wentworth.

Paul.

(1) 2nd Lieut Bolt-

. (

(1) 1st Lieut. V.
Spiegil-aum De-
lenberg.

(2) 2nd Lieut, y.

Unruh.
(8) „ Biihring.

(1 ) 2nd Lieut Ritter

(2) „ Herold.
(8)£n8ignWent8cher.

(1) 1st Lt Michler.

(1) 2nd Lieut y.

Rnyen.

(2) f, y. Rlanc •

kensee.

(1) IstLieotPrinee
Badxiwill.

25 th October.

Wurtt. F. Divn. 3rd Regiment -

2nd Cav. Divn. i 4th Hussars

- , (1) 2nd Lt y.Ohlen
and Adlerskron.

- ' (1) Ensign "Wic^ -

(l)2ndLt Meinert
(2) Vice Sergt.-Maj.
Saner.

(1) Colonel y.JEber-

hardt.

(2) Mi^. y. GaUwitz-

Drejling.

(3) Capt y. John-

■ton.

(4) „ Steinbrann.
(5)2ndIi6utBran-

denborg.

(6) Vice Sergt-Hij.

Heitemeyer.

(7)yiceSergt-Maj.

Gftrtner.

(1) Capt Count y.

LUttichan.

(2) 2nd lient Hen-

brink.

(3) „ Branne.
(1) Lieut Zimmerlc.

(1) Lieut -Col. V.

Schroder.

(2) Lieut y. Stetten.
(1) 2nd Lieut y.

Wroohem.

29t

List of Cascai.iies of Corps and Kegimekts dklongiko to the Aemv of toe
MEU8E during the period from the 20(b September to the aist October.

KlIM

.-..,...

....

Tolil.

Bum- '' SiiiranaRraiinenl.

1 l|

•2i)th SopW
GmrdCorpj - i Fusilier Guard.
IVlh - - ■■ iiith RniRieiit
Xlllh - - 1 luoth Body Oimrd

£l>t8cpl«

sShT-f^ffis-iis

i£ndBopt(
OtwrdCorpi- 3rd Grtmidior On

SltdScpte
1 1st Greiu'lior Gm
IVUi ■ ■ RCth RHimint
! Wrd femnrent
1 71h Dmwons
31st Rwlmcnt
' TlaC Rpcimrnt
; «aih F.i.lilor»

i iHhSopl*
Xlllh - - I"C»"l'VKt'''">

asih scpu

Giinn) Corps - . lit Font Guards

ffiih : : 'a-SS--.

!»th Spplc
G.,wd Corps • anlUncmorih.
IVIh - ■ . nth RcKiinont
< Mih FiuiUcrs
XUth - . wthLiaiccr*

1 !Tth BcptG

GuanlCorpi - ■ tst fireruulierOiui

j SrdOrenadiBrGiu

. 3rd Lsncersof th

ITlh . -Tlh Draaoori

Xlllh ■ - lOlth Rdinient

' SDth Septe
Riiard Corps ■ Oiurd Rifle Baits
IVth - - 27lh Regiment

SOthSeptc
Slltb - - ' in3rd R«rim«nt
l<lh Field ArtUlc

iJtOclo
Gnaid Corps ■ 4ih Groimrtlcr Giu
Xllth - - until Fiuiiiets

"iidOcto
isth Laneen
; Snl Octo
Guard Corps - U' Grmadier Gu

Greiu

mbcr.

Tdl

iDber.
nrds

Udl

mbcr.

irdi

mber.

mbor.
Giian

mber.
rdi

ion

'mber.
vE«gl
her.
rds

ber.

ber.
rds

tlien '•

-
-

mont-

1
=

iSb

■reoi

_
-

1
If

181

1
»

1
t

nnd
UlSur

\
■'i

30t

Killed

•VvaOtA.

».«.

TotaL

Oorpi.

III

xnth • -

ODUdCorm -
ITth - -

lUth • ■

rvth . -

liiiardgorps -
XlIUi - -

liunnl Cori'-. -
XlItU - •

IVlh

GmrdCoriK -

IVtU - -

Glh October.

a'SK«r»' : :

eth October.
Ind Field I'loneor CDmranr ■

7th October.
FiullierOoiuiLi -

>Srd B<|:imcnt -

Bth October.

afSSS : : :

losnl B(«iment -

Wh October.

mhRefdnent -
4UtRiDeb>Ualkiii

l<Kb October,
porilien Oiurdii ■
*lb Rine B.tt»llon
109th Fuiilim -

mh Field Arty, fttdiinenl
lltb October.

inh October.

IgthLancen - ...
Mlh Field Arty. Eeitliiient .

iJth October.
lOTth StsbnoDt -

itth October.
latLonceraortheamrd

IMth Rerimont -
100th RCKimeat ■

ISth October.
3ni LnncoR of Iha aunl
lumd Ueiimenl -
in (;.™iry aeiimciil ■
lOGth HriiiDCal -

IWh Ootobcr.
»r.l Lanoen of the OiarJ
H6lb FuBilien
Oii.rdt;«viawB*gii«M>nt

ITth October.
TUt Beffiment -

IBth October.
Beth Piulllers -

1Kb October.

4tbmeBatulioit - '.

1
1

-
-_

t
1

1
1

Corps.

Guard Corps

nrth

Guard Corps
IVtU

XUth -

IVth
XUth -

Guard Corps
XUth .
Guard Corps

XUth •

i KUkd
or Died of
Wounds.

Staff and Regimeiits.

s
o

d
o

Wounded.

Missing.

•

Guard Corps -

Guard Corps
IVth
Xllth •

20th October.

4th Foot Guards -
Guard Riile battaUoa

86th Fusiliers

2lst October.
86th Fusiliers

22nd October.

1st Lancers of GNiard
27th Regiment . - •

4th Field ArtUlery Regiment •
1st OaTalry Regiment •

24th October.

86thFuaiUers
96th Regiment -
106th Fusiliers -
Guard Oavalry Regiment

25th October.
4th Foot Guards -

26th and S7th October.
lOInd Regiment -

28th October.

2nd Foot Guards •

Fusilier Guards -

2nd Grenadier Guards

4th Grenadier Guards

Srd CsTalry Regiment

18th Lancers

12th Field Artillery Reghnent

29th October.
IstFootGuMds •

30th October.
1st Lancers of the Guard

EVOAOSaCEST AT Lb Bottboxt.

Ist Grenadier Guards
3rd Grenadier Guards -

2nd Grenadier Guards -
4th Grenadier Guards -
Sharpshooters of the Guard
Guard Pioneer battalion

Total for the Engagement at
LeBourget.

31st October.

1st Foot Guards -

31st Refriment - -

Guard Cavalry Regiment • i

2
6

Total

6
1l7

1
1

10
84

128

1
1

8
1

20 211 27

andlStafl

Surgeon.

1 Paymaster.

1
1

1
2
3

3
1

29 I —
178 ' —

1 Staff Sur-

1
2

geon.

302

and 1 Staff
Surgeon.

1
2

548 23
1 Staff Sur-
geon.

3
5

2
1

TotaL

1
2

1
2
6

1
1
1
1

16
1

49
3
1
3
1

37
263

6
2

1 Staff Sur-

gcon.

—

433

and 1 Staff
Surgeon.

1
3

46 774 62

8 Staff Sur-
geons.
1 Paymaster.

32{

Total Losses of the A rut Cobps fouxixo tub Abut of xns Mxuse.

Corps.

StaiX ftnd Eegimonts.

Guard Gorps

ITth Army Corps

Xllth Army Corps

Killed

or Diod of

Wounds.

e
o

Wounded.

■

Missing.

19 I 161 I 7

and
1 1'lymaster.

1 I SI I 2
and 1 Staff
Suiweon.

- I 19 1 18

20 i 211 I 27

and 1 Btaff

Sorgeon and

1 Paymaster.

IS I S71I 2

and 1 Staff

Surgeon.

ISO

26 I 546 I «
and 1 Staff
Burgeon.

- 2

ToUL

S7 I MS 1 10

and 1 Staff

Burgeon and

1 Paymaster.

71 170J S

iSfarf

Sorgeon.

2| 60130

40 t 774 I 62

and 2 Staff

Burp^eons and

1 Paymaster.

Nominal Roll of Officers, thosk actikg in that Capacity, and
Surgeons, who were killed or wounded.

Corps.

IVth

Xllth

Gaard Corps
IVth

IVth

xnth

Guard Corps

Staff and R(^giments.

KOled, or died of
^Vound8.,

Wounded.

81 St September.
- 27tli Begiment -

28rd September.
93rd Regiment -

8 Ist Regiment •

7l8t Rejriment -
86th Fiuiliers -

24th September.
1st CaTalry Begiment

27th September.

3rd Grenadier Guards

- ' 7th DragooDs -

29th September.
" \ 27th Regiment -

26th to 27th October.

102nd Regiment
I
! 28th October.

- ' Fusilier Guards

(1) 1st Lieut. Linde-

(1) £nd Lieut Zacha

(l)2nd Lieut t.

Graeveniti.

(1) 2Dd Lieut Baron

V. Egloflbtein.

(1) 2nd Lt Parr ce.

(1) 2nd Lieut t.
Schlieben.

Puymastcr Jordan.

Staff and Regt. Sur-
geon, Dr. Berger.

(1) 2nd Lt Renter.

(1) IstLt T. Seyd-
litz and Eurzbach.

- (1) 2ndLtWiedner.

- (1 ) 2nd Lieut. Baron
I 2nd Grenadier Guards I (1) 2nd Lt. v. Dewitz (l) 2nd Lt Scheibe.'

.33t

COF]M*

Staff and Rftgiment.

EiUedUorDiedof
Wounds.

Wounded.

30th October.

Acnov AT Lb
Bon&GBT.

3rd Grenadier Guards

2nd Grenadier Goards

4th Grenadier Guards

Sharpshooters of the
Guard.

(1) Col. V. Zalns-

kowBki.

(2) Capt. ▼. Renthe-

Fink.

(3) Ist Lt. T. Mero-

kel.

(4) „ V. Luck.

(5) 2nd Lt. V. Pac-
zensky and Tcnc-
zin L

(6) 2nd Lieut v.

Sch5nita.

(7) 2ndLtv.Enobels-

dorff.

(8) ff Baron t.
Zedlitz-Nenkirch.

(1) Capt V. Obst-

felder.

(2) Ensign Steinberg.

(1) Colonel Count v.

Waldersee.

(2) Capt. T. Trotha.

(3) „ Count V.

Keller.

(4) 2nd Lt Baron t.

Ililgers.

(5) „ v. Amnion.

(6) „ V. Snter.

(1) 2nd Lt v. Beclam

(2) „ T.Hangwitz.

(1) Capt. V. Hell-
dorff.

(2) Ist Lieut r. Zie-
mietzky.

(3) „ Freytag,

(4) 2nd Lieut v.
Trotha L

(5) 2nd Lt. T. Lippe.

(6) „ T. Trotha

II.

(7) „ V. Haug.
wits.

(8) „ y. Paczen-
skj nnd Tencsin

(9) Ensign v. Rohrs-

cheidt

(10)ViceSergt..Maj.

Kay.

(ll)ViceSeigt..Maj.

Heinrich.

and Staff Surg. Dr.

Mendel.

(1) 2nd Lt Fischer.

(1) 2ndLtCleveL

(2) „ AlaUmann.

(1) l8t Lieut Count

T. Keller.

(2) 2nd Lieut y.

Armin.

41G48.

(r.)

34j:

APPENDIX LXXn.

DlSTBIBUTION OF THE TrOOPS BELONQDrO TO THE INSPECTIONS

General of Etappsn and Govxrhubnts General in the
beginning of October 1870.

Troops.

station on the lit Oetober 1870.

ETAPFEN TBOOPS.
IsT Abut.

Eapen Battalion, 25th Landwehr
B^^ment.

Erkelenz BattaUoo, 65th Land-
wehr Beffiment.

St. Wendel Oarrlaon Battalion,
90th Landwehr Begiment.

lat Squadron, 6th Beaerve Hoiaars

Landwehr Begiment, 16/55 :

Detmold Battalion

Paderbom „ . .

Doest „ - -

Unna n - '

let and Snd sqnadrona 5th Beaerve

Hnaiars.
let Mobile Fortreai Pkmcer Com-

panj Yth Axmj Coipa.

Landwehr Begiment, 27/67:
Aaohenleben Batttlion
Halle
Bitteifield

>»

Torgau ...

Mfihlhanaen Battalion, Slit Land-
wehr Begiment.

8rd Beaerre Dragoons -

Srd Mobile Fortrew Pioneer Com-
pany Vnith Army Coips.
Srd Bavarian Landwehr Battalion
7th

»th
ISth

»l

15th

S7«h „

Bavarian Etappen squadron

tt
tt

6th Wfirttemberg lutv. Begt. :
1st Battalion - ' -
2nd „

Ist Baden Landwehr Battalion

6th

Sanry and environs.
Villers Laqaenexy.
Conrcellea and environs.
Conroelles and environs.
IInd Abut.

Bemilly.

Hemy.

Pont-4-MonaM>n.

Saargemines.

Font - k MooBSon and

Bemilly.
Bemilly and environs.

niBD Abut.

Corbeil.

Meanz and Lagny.

La Fert^ aons Jonane,

Nantenil, and Nogent

I'Artaad.
Nancy and St Nicolas.
Lnn^ville.

St Germain les Corbeil -

Corbeil.

Corbeil.
I Montmirail and Coolom-

miers.
' Corbeil and Touman.
i Nancy, Blamont, Maraal,
j and Frouard.
' Liesant and environs.

' Ligny, Frouard, and Void.
I Corbeil.

I Vitry le Fran^ais.
I Bar le Due.
Dormans, Liguy, and

Nogent.
Lauterburg, Sclz, Herr-
lisheim, and Beppenheim.

The 4th squadron
waa at P&laborff
up to the 22na
Oetober.

35t

Troopt.

SUfeioii during October 1870.

AEMY OF THE MEUSE.

Lftndwehr Regiment, 68/66 :
Wesel BatUUion

Dorken

Boeham

Jserlohn
3rd and 4th squadnms 6th Be-
serre Hutsars.

On the March to Nanteoil
le Haudooin, Danimartin,
and Crony sur Oorcq.

Cr6p7, Monson, Beau-
mont, Damvillers, and
Stenaj.

Clermont, Grand Fr^,
Beans^e, and Varemies.

Keufch&teL

Dammartin, Nanteuil le
Handouin, NenfchAtel,
Fismes, and Neuilly St.
Front

QOVERNMENT TROOPS.

GlSIBItAL GoyUUHfBNT OT AL8AC£.

l«< Heterve DivinoH :
Staff ....
67tii Begiment ...
Itt Landwehr Brigade :

Staff ....
lit Comhined Landwdir Regi-
ment, 14/Sl :
Staff

Gnesen Battalion
SchneidemiUil Battalion

Konits
2nd Comhined Landwehr Regi
ment, 21/54 :
Staff . . .

Inowraclaw Battalion
Bromherg »i -

Deutsch-^rono „ -
2nd Landwehr Brigade :

Staff . . . .

8rd Combined Landwehr Regi-
ment, 26/61 :
Staff

Stendal Battalion
Burg „ . I

Neostadt „ . J

4th Combined Landwehr Regi-
ment, 61/66:

Sta^ Halberstadt, and Keu-
haldenaleben Battalions.

Frenae. Staxgardt Battalion
2nd Resenre Lancers -

Combined AriUlwy DiuiaUm:
Staff - . - -

1st Resenre Light Battery,

nnd Army Corps.
1st Reserre Light Batteiy,

IXth Army Corps.
2nd Reserve Light Batteiy,

IXth Army Corps.
1st Fortress Pioneer Company,
nnd Anny Corps.

Strassbnrg.
Straasboii^.

Stravborg.

Molsheim.

Sayeme.

Lampertsheim, and Ven-

denheim.
Mutiig, and Molsheim.

Ebersheim.
Ebersheim.
Barr.
Scherweiler.

Strassbnrg.

On the Eti^pen road
between Saargemines,
Mets, and Nancy.

Strassburv.

Before Schlettstadt, in
Rupreohtsan, and Bm-
math.

Strassbnrg.

Lutxelbnrg and Vesch-

heim.
Geispolsheim.

Strassbuii^.

Geispolsheim.

The Ist battalion
105th Infisntry
R^ment was
also at Chateau
lUerry up tothe
6th October.

Tioopf.

Btatton durinff Oolobtr 1870.

Landwehr Regiment, 31/71 :
Sangerhauen Battalion
Erfurt f,

Sondenhaaaen „
2nd battn. 4th Bay. Infy. Begt. -
Snl „ 4th «, n ff

;}

f»

»f

iBt „ 8th

8rd ,, 8th „

6th Bavarian CShevaaxlegerB

}

Bavarian Sortie Battery •
i 2nd Foot Battery 4tb Artil-
lery Regiment
Bavarian Etappen Engineer Co. -

5th Bavarian Landwehr Battalion

29th Bavarian Landwehr Battn. -
1st Battn. 4th Wiirttembexg Begt.

2nd

4th

»>

Before Pfalxbnrg.

Niederbronn, Saarborg.
Sulz, Dettweiier, and
Hagenaa.

Before Bitsch.

Hagenaa, Zabem, and

Blamont.
Dettweiler.

MazMd.

On the nmrch from Tool

to Corbeil.
Weissenborg, Blamont,

and Niederbronn.
Weissenborg.
Saveme, Lutxelstein, and

Liitielbnrg.
Hagenau, Siveme, and

Wasselonne.

General GrOvsxmcEKT of Losrazxs.

Warendorf Garrison Battalion - 1 Nancy.
Gri£ath „ (2 companies) | Fronard.

2nd Garrison Sqaadron 9th Fom-

meranian Lancers
Garrison Squadron 5th Fomme-

ranian Hnssars.
Saxon Garrison Brigade Staff •
Ist Saxon Garrison Battalion
2nd
8id
4th

»)

Nancy.

Baccarat

Pont4UMoimon«

Lan4ville.

Bar le Dae.

Genb&al QoYmaxKKVT of Rhbdis.

2nd Landwehr Divhwn :

Staff ....

8rd Landwehr Brigade:
Staff - - . .

Landwehr Regiment, 8/48 :

Staff - - . -

Frankfurt on the Oder Battn. -

Ciistrin Battalion

Landsberg on the Wana Battn.

Woldenberg battalion -
Landwehr Regiment, 12/52 :

Staff - - - -

Crossen Battalion

Sorau

Liibben

Cottbus
4th Landwehr Brigade:

Staff -
Landwehr Regiment 20/60:

Staff - - -

Potsdam Battalion

Jiiterbogk

Caxri^re PEydque before
Soissons.

Boulaicourt, before Me-
si^res.

Before Soissons.

n
>»

Before Mdsi^rcs.

>»

Kcufitadt-EbtTsviiklc li.nttalion
Telton

Reims.
Laon.

Before Soissons.

Reims.

Epernay.

Reims . . .

Rciuis Rctliel, ami

Clidions.
(Ml file march to Reim<>.

There were also the
following troops
of the 17th In-
fimtry Division,
via.,2ndbattelion
90th Fnsiliers at
Toul, 17th Dra.
goons at Laon,
and the Ist Field
Pioneer Company
IXth Army Corps
was on the march
to Soissons.

Moved on the 7th
October to Sois-
sous.

371:

Troops.

Station during October 1870.

Bemftrki.

t»

Landwehr Begiment, 24/64:

Staff -

Brandenburg Battalion

Havelberg

Ruppta

Prenxlau
1st Beserve Heavy Cayalry Begt
Combined Artillery DiTision:

Staff ... -

Beserve Heavy Battery Xth Army

Corps.
1st Beserve Light Battery Xth

Army Corps.
2nd Beserve Light Battery Xth

Army Corps.
2nd Fortress Pioneer Company

IXth Army Corps.
6th Beserve Lanoer Begiment

Before Soissons.

ChAlons.

Before Soissons.

On the march to Soissonflb

Before Soissons -

VignoUes, before Soissons.
On the march to Soissons.

Before Soissons.

Before Mdaddrcs.

Before Soissons.

Beims and ChAlons.

The 1st squadron,
Ist Lancers, 4th
Cav. Divn. was
at Sedan (a squa-
dron of this
Begiment was de-
tached as escort
to the head-
quarters of the
lUrd Army).

Dbtaohmxiit of Lzbut.-Gbiqbbal v. Bozhmbb.

»»

Staff ...

65th Begiment
Aachen Battalion 25th Landwehr

Begiment.
Landwehr Begiment, 28/68:

Staff ....

Siegburg Battalion

BrOhl

Neuss

Deutx ,, - -

Jiilich Battalion 65th Landwehr

Begiment.
Simmem Battalion 69th Landwehr

Begiment.
Andemach Battalion 69th Land-
wehr Begiment

4th Beserve Hussars

Beserve Heavy Battery VUth

Army Corps.

Beserve Heavy Battery Vnith

Army Corps,
drd Fortress Artillery Company

Ilnd Army Corps.

4th Fortress Artillery Company

nnd Army Corps.
4th Fortress Artillery Company

Ilird Army Corps.
6th Fortress Artillery Company

niid Army Corps.
9th Fortress Artillery Company

IVth Army Corps.
6th Fortress Artillery Company

Xlth Army Corps.
7th Fortress Artillery Company

Xlth Army Corps.
8th Fortress Artillery Company

Xlth Army Corps.
A Bavarian fortress battery

Before Verdun.

Sedan.

Before M^sidres.

Sedan.

Before Meii^res.

Sedan.

Before Verdun.

Ist 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Com-
panies, Nancy ; 5th and
6th, Cleremont and
Suippe.

Before Verdun.

Toul

»>

Sedan.

>»

Moved on the 8rd
October to Sois-
sons.
Do.

Moved on the 4th
October to Sois-
sons*

Moved on the 5th
October to Sois-
sons.

sst

APPENDIX LXXm.

List of Casoalties in the Gkrman Forces DtmiNo tiie Jm'ESTittKT
AND BouBAROUEKT OF SoiBBOKB from the 24th September to the
15th October ioclurive.

stair Mill Reilnient.

EillHl

or Dl«l ot
W'oundi.

TVoiindHl.

KlHllV.

TaM.

s s

-"' ' i

,!&.. .: . ; ;

lit BcMm Haanr Cknliy BmI.

lit BewiTs Uebi Bktttrir Xth Aimj

vn Btatm Hmrj BMtWT Ztb ixaj

tnli».l>idF<ntraaAitllln7S«sl -

stheo-uui : ;; ■

ij
11

Total -

'■"

NoioNAi. Boll op Otticbbs wovnntD.

SilMorlHedorW

Siege Aitilleij Staff

lit Cambined Landwehi

RegitiieDt 6/48 Suff.
Landiberg- on - the - Wnrt»

<1) iBt Ident. Beknhn.
(S) „ Uiiller.
(3) SndLiimt. Ffeificrl.

(*) „ Ki«K.

(1) Major Neu

39t

APPENDIX LXXIV.

OBDItE DE BATAILLE
Of the 15th French Abmt Corps on the 12th October 1870.
General Commanding - - General d'Aurelle de Paladines.

Chief of the General Staff
Commanding Artillery -
Commanding Engineers -

- General BoreL

- General de Blois de la CSalande.

- Colonel de Marsillj.

BftltaUoiiB.

18T Infaktbt Ditision.

Commander: General Martin des Falli^res.

l8t Brigade: General de Chabron.

4th Rifle battalion de marche
SSth line Begiment - - . .

IstZonaTet . • - - -

ISth Gardes Mobiles . . - .

One battalion of Marine In&ntry

2nd Brigade: General Bertrand.

Algerian tirailleurs . . . -

29S1 Begiment de Marche

18th Gardes Mobiles • . . -

Artillery.

One battery 13th Regiment . . .

18th battery of the 2nd and 6th Regiments

Engineers.
1st section, 19th company, 3rd Regiment

Total l8t Division -

2!a> Infamtbt Division.

Commander: General Martinean des Chenex.

1st Brigade: General Dari6s.

5th Rifle battalion de marche . . .

39th Line Regiment . . . .

25th Gardes Mobiles . . . -

Foreign legion - - - - -

2nd Brigade : General R^billard.

2nd Zonaves - - - - -

30th Regiment de Marche ...

29th Gardes Mobiles . . - -

Artillery.

One battery of the 9th and 12th Rc^giments
14th mixed battery of the horse artillery regiment
of the former Imperial Guard.

Engineers.
2nd section, 19th company 3rd Regiment

Total 2nd Division

1
8
3
8
1

1
3
3

1
8
3
I

3
3
3

Guns.

Oompsoies

of
Englneen.

6
12

1 section.

12
6

1 section.

40t

OompMiiM

Battalions.

Ovns.

of
Bngineen.

8bd Ixtuitbt BxTxnoN.

ConuBADder : Qenexal FeTterin.

l8t Brigade: General FejrtaTm.

— .

16th line Begiment ....

—

-«.

88rd Regiment de marehe ...

—

— .

8Snd Qaides HoMlefl ....

—

27th Regiment de Maiehe . . «

^-^

84th Regiment de Marehe ...

—

...

69th Gardei MohileA - - -

—

Artillery.

]8th battery of tiie 7th, 10th, and 14th Regimenti

—

Engineers.

iBt section, 19th company, Snd Regiment

—

1 section.

Total 8rd Division

1 section.

Cavalry Division.
Camtnander - - Greneral Beyfta.

l8t Brigade - General Galand de Longaerae.

Sqnadrens.
6tli DmgooDs - - - - - 4

5th Hussars - - - - - - 4

2nd Brigade - Greneral Br^mond d'Ars.
9th Coirrassiers - - - - - 4

Ist Cairassiers de Marehe - - • - 4

Cavalry Brioade.
Commander • - General Michel.

Snd Lancei*s r ..... •

5th Lancers ------

3rd Dragoons de Marehe ....

Total

Sqnadrons.
4
4
4

Commander

Cavalry Brigade.

- Colonel d'Astngue.

1st Chasseurs dc Marehe
1 1th Chasseurs

Squadrons.
4

8
Total =

41t

IIeservk Abtillebt.
Commander - - Colonel Chappe.

13tfa, 14U^ 15th, 16th, hatteries 8rd Regiment -
19th battery 2nd Regiment ...

1 1th battery 6th Regiment ...

14th battery of the 18th and 19th Regiments

Gims.
24

6
12

Total 48

Battalions.

Squtdnms.

MIXED DIVISION.

IiTFAVTBT Brigade.
Commander - > General Maurice.

2 compameB of the 2nd and 17 th Bifle battalions •

8 let Regiment de Marchc .....

22nd Gardes Mobile - ....

Cayalrt Brigade.
Ccmmander - - General Tripart.

1st Hussan de Marche .....
2nd mixed regiment de marche - - - -

3
3

4
4

Total of 15th Corps, 60^ battalions, 44 squadrons, 17 batteries with
102 gims^ and 3 sections of Engineers.

APPENDIX LXXV.

Headquarters, Ilird Army, YersaiUeSy

6th October 1870, 11 a.in.
As there can be no longer any doubt from the reports of the
different Cavalry Divisions that the French Army of the Loire is
advancing from Orleans, the following orders are issued :

1. The 1st Bavarian Corps will move to-day (the 6th) to Arpajon
and take up a position at that place. A small advanced guard is to be
pushed forward. Trains to remain at Longjumeau.

2. The 22nd Division will march to-day by Yilleneuve St. Georges,
and Epinay to Montlhery, where it will be posted in and to the north of
the town as a reserve to General v. d. Tann. It is placed as regards
further orders under that general.

3. The 2nd Cavalry Division will concentrate on the morning of the
7th at Villcmoisson and march by Le Plessis p4t6 in the direction of
MaroUes to cover the left Honk of General v. d. Tann, with whom it is
to keep in constant communication.

4. The 4th Cavalry Division will retire, should the enemy attack in
force, along the great Paris road by Boissy upon Egly and take post
on the right wing of General v. d. Tann's force, under whose orders it is
placed during any engagement that may occur.

5. The 6th Cavalry Division will act according to circumstances and

41648. (d)

42|

will endeavour to arrest any further advaooe of the enemy in the ooiintry
west of Arpajon. The road from Dourdan to Limonrs is to be constantly
watched, and all reports are to be sent to Gvcnend y. d« Tann.

The detachments that have been sent oat to requisition need not
rejoin the Divisions, but are to carry out the object to which they have
been appointed as £ar as is practicable.

The line of telegraph is if possible to be extended to Arpi^on.

(Signed) v. Blumenthal,

Chief of the General Staff

of the lUrd Army.

APPENDIX LXXVI.

SXBBNOTH OF THE IIIbD AbUY AND AbKT OF THE MeUSK On the

31st October 1870.

Corpt*

Infantry.

Aitil-

and

CftTalry.

leiy.

Fioneen.

Onnt.

Hen.

Honos.

(Honed.)

22nd Iniantiy Division

2nd Cavalry Diyision

4th

5th

6th

niRD ABMT.
A. Before Paris.

Vth Anny Corps
Vlth do.

XIth(21sanfluitr7DiviBion)
Ilnd Bavarian Anny Corps

17th lofsntry Division

Goard Landwehr Division
Wtkrttemberg Field Diyision

Total

Ist Bavarian Army Corps - 20,829

19.713
22,762
10,158
20,973

1,156

1,279

497

2,782

102

10,111

1,166

8,680
14,895

1,687

18
54

106,792

8,467

426

This Army Corps had been
increased by a battery.

Exclusive of a battauoa
in Tonl and a cavalry
regiment attached to the
2iid Landwehr DiviiioD.

Total

20,829

2,154

118

7,622

565

—

8,063
2,725
4,736
2,711

27,051

15,954

196

TUs Army Corps had been
strengthened by 2 bat-
talions and 4 batteries.
The strength given in-
dndes the 2 battalions
attached to the 5th Ca^
valiy Division, the bat-
talion attached to the 6Ui
Cavalry Division, the 3
batteries attached to the
22nd Infantry Division,
and a company detached
as escort to prisoners.

The 4th heavy and 6th
light batteries Joined the
Division in the latter end
of October.

43t

Corpe.

Infantry

Artil-

and

Cavalry.

lery.

Pioneen.

Guns.

Men.

Hones.

(Horsed.)

Remarks.

ABMY OF THE MEUSE.

Quaid Corps - - -
IVth Axmj Corps -
Xnth (Saxon) Armj Corps

Total

Guard Corps

IVth Army Corps -

Xllth (Saxon) Army Corps

Total

A. Betore P^bu.

20,988
19,368
21,589

3,410
1,108

61,895 I 4,513

90
72

246

B. Elsewhkbe.

2,327 1,129
2,649 — 12

816 3,268 12

}

Not indading detaeh-
ments sent toirards the
Oise and £pte.

A battalion was stationed
in Soissons and Villers
Cotterftts on and after
the 30th October.

APPENDIX LXXVII.

• Casviltibs DtBtHO THi Invebtueht OP Metz akd Thiontillb (19th
Aognat to 27th October, 187P).»

BliffudBtfflmeDt.

Rin*a,

WoUBlUd.

MiHtng.

lol^

AimjCwpt,

i
1

]lDd - - •

as.; . ;

Ird GkT. DITD.
Xlh ■

11 W- - -
im ft«Hr. Dim

Ilnd -

;i!i5, : ■

Ilol ■ - -
viirii

&• ; :

Snl CIT. DIID.

IIpl - ■ -
SnlBtw.UlTD.

SrfCT.Blra.
villh'

inb Urutoatu
lUb Regiment

lit Cl. ntflSMSt (GUMd CUCT.)

»mi ACCOM.

nh Dnwiooiii

'"""'-" ■ ■ ■

il»A.agaML
^neMFloo«TC«niiui7
ISlhDn(«ou -
IMh HeRlnieiit .
IKKMorrfDncmnu

12>lAi«ut.
4niiR«mot -

r.i£r" :

Ird nud FloDHr Cornpur

ZlthAucut.

»uianiiHU«i

SMhAogllM.
BUff or (A IifuOT Brtfada
IMitoflment ^

ntbAagiH.
CoiT*Hn&4lBHI>nSMlT-

SSSi : :

ITtHAogluL

MtbFliaUien

lUb Hecbunt .

-
1

1
I

I
li

t al lh« kMMi in Ibt B*lllt «( XoIbctUIc. >Ji«

GiilfuidlUsbDeal.

■S"

wmind.a.

HMx.

AmTOorpi.

VUih

XU. . - -

»■ ; :

Tmih - -
XUI - - -

bt • ■

lint - -

vnitb -
Xtd - - .

Tinih . -
xita - - -

vintt - -

IXth-

XM - - -

Ilird- - -

YlUIh - •

XU. - - -

xniih - '■

Xlilli - '

IJIrJ. . -
ird C... Dim. '

IM- '■ '.

7Tlh Ito^inant -

ES :

StbOndidkn -
l«ikl>n(Ooa*

•OUlX*(tDIBt •

lltbflHlaat

M8*T<— Mr.

tMhBoflniait
ttDdB>«l»rat -

MbBHtBOt ■

SlhawMmLT.

!2SK! :

ZDUi-«011i Comb. Lud. BtfliiiRll ■
IU>B.pMmter.

■ thBlBt BUUIlon -
TetbUtfciiiieDt -

ZJtbBMimcDt -

ff£S". : : :

BthSepMBbn.
;WiIt«fUiHnt

1
1

47*

KUlaJ,
Woondn.

.-...„.

MlMlns.

TotaL

AimjOari.

SulUnflEcfiiMnt.

i 1

1
1

vnih - -
irttott.Di™*

Irt - - -

IK*-

Xtli • ■ -

trtBMtr.l»n.

RU: :

IXtb •

Xih - • -

lit . - -

i« . . -
vnrih - -

tllrd-

VIlUi - -

Vllth ■ -

llUlfapUl

nib BtEincnt
lom Bie< KBtulioii
lOttiHeetiiiul

UU,B<|tlin«il

l3thS.ptt>

HthStpta

MtbBopM
141k Retlmmt

llMBmAHDt

1SII.G.PI«
ITtS Ktfimal
IMb BenUneiil

IBlh Evplci
4tnlll*>lmeDt
■ardFuiUlui

SNhFudlkn

iTUiBcEimest

SZodSepU
tMBcRtment
13rd llrdiucat
4th Grensrli.'ii

13lh RCEllIHDl

I3ir> B(clia«it
MMh RvcllooDl
7IllllltlOB«UlltoD

Onud Oosil UOM

23rasepi(i
nrdOreridicn
l.tKlfl«Dattill«1

ntwT.

nMr.

nbm-.
nMr.

PloiHf

mbcr.

I
I

-
-

1
1

Busuidlvlauai.

ofDiadof
WoukK.

WDaodtd.

MWitf

loUL

Aioro-p..

i
I

Xcb ■ ■ -

mSHT.Dini.

SI,.- : :

lUrt- - -
Xtb . ■ -
M Car. IMtb. •

IM ■ - -

IXUi- • ■

Xik • - -

MBMmlHT.

Ill ■ ■ -

IrtlBewraDlT.

Itt - . ■
Xth ■ - -

afi ; ;

IXlh -
»rtB««TeDiT.

IXtb - - - -
llBd • - -

intaBtdntot

iSJffiS :

UlbSapUBbn^.
41MBiClianl
IKHaajtotm ■

INbSipMMtr.

JITlaBWH-'

UlbaafM>b«r.

!Tth8*i>UMb«.

>lHH(tllBCU

MlbKcgUuu ■
MbDracodu

IttbDniMot
IMtaBai^t -

lMbB*«iBrai -

•fhBHta^JIltoi " '■ '■
ltUiBe(lD«t

JMh ScTMmbn-.

litarcudlcn

MBdKtlUBtSl

SS"" : ;

MtliB»lmRit

Irt October.
Stlb BtiriiiMni

ind October.
tlBd Buliont •

1£

1
1

tl
M

1
1

4
1

1
{

1
1

49t

SUff and Begim0nt.

KiUed,

or Died of

Wounds.

Wounded.

31iisin«.

Total.

AnnyCorpi.

•

••

•

Xth - - -
SrdBtMrrs DiT.

Irt - - -

Had -

Hod • - -
Vlllth -
SrdBMcnreDlT.

M - • •

llnd -

Yllth . -

1st . - •

llnd -

Vllth - -

llnd • - -

Vllltli - •
IXth - • -

lit - - -

Ulid- - -

Xth . - •

STdBettrreDlT.

lOthBifle Battalion -
Scoff aid lAcdwehr Dlrioion
Combined Londw. Uei(iment 6/18 -
Combined land. Hcffiment 18/46 -
Combined Land. Besimcnt 19/59 •
Combined Land. Begimoit 58/59 •
Ut fieserre l>nm;oona
Combined ArtlUery Diriiloo, Xllh
Anny Corps

8rd October.

1st Grenadiers
10th Dragoons
49th Begtanent

IlthDrmgooni

70th Beglment . . •

Combined Land. Beginent 10/60 -

4th October.

4th Orenndlers
61st Begiment
39thFQslUers
74th Begiment

5th October.

41st Begiment
14th Begiment
77th Begiment

6th October.

2nd Grenadiers

49th Befsiment

6Iit Begiment . . .

69th Begiment

86th FusUiers

81th Begiment

1st F. DiT. 9th F. Artillery Begt. -

7th October.

Itt Grenadiers

41st Begiment

44th Bi^Eiment ...

8th Bodj Onord Grenadiers

48th Begiment

8rl Bifle Battalion -

Staff of 38th Brigade

16th Begiment

57cb Begiment

56th Begiment

79th Begiment

17th Begiment . . .

1 0th Bifle Battalion

2nd F. DiT. 10th F. Arty. Begt. •

19th Begiment

8Ut Begiment

Combined Land. Begiment 6/18 -

Combined Land. Begiment 18/46 -

Staff 6tb Landwehr Brigade

Combined Land. Begiment 19/59 •

Combined Land. Begiment 58/50

Itt Bsserre Dragoons

1
2

1
6

2
I

4
4

1
-i

4
8
5
6

m
O

•—

2
11

3
21

"fl

3
10

5
28
15

and

Surgee

7
I

1
1

n.
1

1
1

1
5

1
3
1

2
I
3
2

1
3
5
8

1
5

13
29
10
30

8
and
Burgeo

1
1

5
1

102

and

Snrgeo

15
68

1
13

8
37

and
Surgeo

45
115

135
121

1
n.

Z I
1

I
-i

3
18

""
8

255
211

and
Surgeo

M II II 11 III III 11 II 11 1 1 i II M 1 II 11 M II II M 1 1 i-^i^ll 1 ^J_

8
1
2

1
1

1
5

1
8
3

1
8

8
6
5

11
5

1
1

54
o

and

Surgeo

1
9

1
1

1
4
1
1
1

18
5

147

and

Surgeo

117

18 •
92 '

I
19

6
Gl

6
and
Surgeoi
52 .
148 1
95 >
81 .

421 1
875
and
^urgeoi
7

1
1

•t

13
a.
3
3

6
IS.

1 2

50*

Staff aad BflflaMnt.

Killed,

orDledof

Woondi.

Wonadad.

Mliriag.

Total.

AmjOorvt.

•

1 '

•

•M

•

IrtOiVBlrjlMT.

Mh Rawrvt LuMfi

Com. AHf. INT. Vth Amy Oorpi

Com. Arty. DIt. Xlth Anay Corps

12thLBaoon

—

1 —

1
1

2
ft
3
2

—

3
ft

3
2

Had - . .
▼Dlth - -

In • • -

vnth . -
Had • - .

llad - •

Had • • -

vnick . .

Xth • - .

in - - -

in • - -

Had • - •

vnth - -
vimh - -

Had -

Ilird - - •

lUrd- - -

IXth -

Srd Bm&rrt Dir.

in -

Urd .

Vllth - -

ITIrd - - •

VIII -

lit GftTaliy DiT.

lit . . .

Hod -
IXth -
Xth - - •

Total for tha cBfaffonait at
BaUarae.

findOrcaadiari -
28th Baghaeat

SthOefeMiar.

Mh Gtaaaadian • • .

nth Bagimmit

•inBagtBMnt

9thOolohar.
2inBaghBaat

lOthOotOber.

«ln Bagimant

77th B^"!*"* ...

70thBagimant

9inita^aiaBt

UthOelObar.
45thBaglmaat

12th October.

dftihUaiinant

9th Oreafdtoni

21itBagimant . . .

ItthBegimaat

78rdFudUan

ftftthBagimaat

68th RaitlmaBt

69ch BagiaiaBt

14th Oeiobar.

9thOmiadian
12th Oreoadian -
24thBegimeat

Iftth October.

12th Graaadian
MthFaaiUerB
19th Bagiment

16th October.

inOreoadien ...

41n Begiment

62odB^Slment

24Ch Begiment

55thKeglment

17th October.

Srd BiHe Battalioa •
60thKegiment

18th October.

44ih Begiment

2Ut Begiment ...

S6thPaBilien

leih Dragoona - 1

1
1

-1
-1

: 254

and
Snrgao

1
2

1
1

1
2

2
~1

2
1

—
2

49
SI

1
1

1
•— 1

_1 1

928

aad
targaoi

2
2

3
1
8

1
6

1
2
1
1
2

1
1
1

4
1

23
2

3
1

621

aad
Sargao

ft
2

1
1

3
D.

1
*

_ 4

76
4i

1
1

1703

aad
largaoi

6
6

4
1
9

1
6

1
2

1
1
2

7
1
1

1
1

•■

1
5

1
1
1

4
1

^ 4 > 1 Ml '' MM 1 II II II II Ml III II II i 1 r' II II

GcdtHUBMlnMU.

Kilbd,
Woundt.

WHudM.

wmac.

Toul.

AmrConi.

III

111

i
1

VlIllL -

iat ; ;

nth. -
vmt - .

IlBd- ■ ■

TlUta - •

1 9th Qetolwr.

£0(11 OoHilwr,
MRUkBjituUoB-

IlMO0UI>«r.

SSISK' : : :
SaSSSE. : : :

!S!3ir°°"' : :

-ITthOolobw.
UTdB*sla«U . . . .

1
I

!
1

1
I

Tom ■ . . .

Adl low* In bulla of ^-olutTUle.

and

3Sor««m.

W tl961 lis:

""1*

umn 1 M

TraaLoMM

10 IIM |14I

L«t ,3483 jaM

ISuntw.. 1 TBurmoiM.

Total Lohu

Vll^mr^rpi '- '■ -
vmthAnBTCoipi

IN CinliT IX'l'ln

' trd C&niliT DtTlNon

nf xnr
1 u

110
ITO

B0«

IM 1

sao i2

j
It

"- ■ ■ i

ind!

S«rji,

Burs«a>.

«l

IMT t

Xttt Atnr Corpt -

i;o9 T i»M j il £*rj»I
pooni. Dod I Sur^eoD' Jud 7 Si

• 52}

NoxiHAL Roll of Officgus, xHObE acting in that Capacity, and

SUKGEONS, WHO WBBI KiLLBD OB WOTJITPKD.

Army Oorpt.

Staff and Begiment.

Silled, or DM of
Wounds.

Wounded.

nnd

Xth

nnd
Tnth

lat -
Ilnd

niid

Srd CaT. Divn.

Srd Bes. Diyn.

Xth

Tnith -

vnth

IXth

1st

vnth
vnth

19thAngiist.
61ft Begiment •

20th August.
9th Dragoons •

26th August.

Staff, 6th Infy. Brig.
15th Begiment. -

26th August.

41jt Begiment •
11th Dragoons •

29th August.
12th Dragoons -

8th September.
7th Lancen

9th September.
19th Begiment -

18th September.
17th Begiment -

19th September.
SSrd Fusiliers -

22nd September.

18th Begiment •
Grand Ducal Hesse
Pioneer Company

27th September.
44th Begiment •

16th Begiment •
55th Begiment -
7th Bifle Battalion •

(1) 2dLient.Kxieger

(1) 2nd Lt. T. Neu-
mann.

(1) Col. T. d. Decken.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Beck.

(1) Ist Lieut. Count

T. Haalingen.

(2) 2nd Lieut, t.

Tauentsien.

(1) Capt. T. Beichen-

bach.

(1) VioeSergt.-Major

Bosenstim.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Schulz

(2) 2nd Lieut. Ernst.

(1) 2nd Lt. Schulz.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Gra-
Biatxkjr.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
Pfannenberg.

(1) Ist Lieut. Bar.
T. Bistram.

(1) Vice Sergt.-Mai.
Schoof.

(l)lstLt.y.Bioich.

(1) Capt. Bitter.
(1) 2nd Lieut. PoUr.

(1) 2nd Lt. Bicler.

(1) Capt Bene.

(2) ViceSergt.-Maj.

Steinb6hmer.

Missing — ^2nd Lieut.

Hoffbauer.

(1) 2nd Lt. T. Bers-

wordt.

53{

Arm^ Corpf.

Staff and Begiment.

KiUed, or Died of
Wound*.

Wounded.

Xth

Ilnd

3rd Bes. Ditd.

Ilnd

nnd

IXth

Ist

Ilird

56th Begiment •

2nd October.
42nd Begiment •

Combined Land. Begt.

18/46
Combined Land. Rcgt.

19/59
Combined Land. Begt.

58/59

drd October.
40th Begiment -

11th Dragoone -

5th October.
14th Begiment -

6th October.
84th Begiment •

let F. Dim. 9th F.
Artj. Begt.

7th October.

Bnoaoixiht at
Bblleyue.

41et Begiment •

8th Body Guard
Grenadiers

48th Begiment

(1) Capt. T. MiUlen-
beim.

(1) l8tLt.T.Stosoh.
(8) 2nd Lt. r. Pode-

wils.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
L&hmann.

(1) Capt. Blumen-

hagen.

(2)Capt.T.WiluckiI

(3) Capt. LOlbdffel r.

lidwenspning.

(4) Capt. T. WUucki

(5) 2nd Lieut. Wein-

cdel.

(6) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Siegert.

(1) 2nd Lt. Bender.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
Ti gentroem .

(1) 2nd Lt. Burgel.

(2) 2nd Lt. Beh.
(L) iBt Lt. GeieseL

Staff Surgeon Dr.

(1) 2ttd Lieut. Bade*
maeher.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
Loeper.

Ooeeel.

(1) Major T. Hein-

eccins.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Wal-

therll.

(l)2ttd Lieut. Sahm.

(2) 2ndLteut.Froat.

(3) 2nd Lieut, t.

KronckL
(1) 2nd Lieut. Leh-

(2) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Scbolow.

(3) Vice Sergt-Maj.

Hofflnann.

(4) Vice Sergt-MaJ.

Frans.

Staff Surgeon Dr.

Hauitmann.

(L) Maj. T. Schmie-
den.

(2) Capt. T. Eameke.

(3) Capt. Tapper.

(4) iBt Lieut. Prina

T. Buohan.

(5) 2d Lieut. Ereefa.

54t

Atbij Corps.

Staff aaft Begiment.

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

Woimdod.

Zth

8rd Ses. BiTn.

Staff, 88th Inf. Brig.

16tli Regiment

57tb Regiment •

79th Regiment

17th Regiment -
10th Rifle Battalion

2nd F. DiTn. F. Art.
Regt.

19th Regiment •

81st Regiment

Combined Land. Regt.
6/18

Combined Land Regt.
18/46

Staff, 6lh Landw. Brig.

I Combd. Landw. Regt.
I 19/59

(1) Capt. T. Hohen-

hausen.

(2) Capt. Thorbeck.

(l)2dLt. Onderejk.

(1) Capt. Romes -

(2) Capt. T. Werder.
(8) 2nd Lient. Fis-
cher.

(1) 2nd Lient. Baron
T. Kordenilycht.

(2) yiceSergt.-Major

MiUler.

(1) Capt. Kropf

(2) Ist Lieut. Vanse-

low.

(3) 2d Lieut. RochoU

(4) Vice Sepgt.-Major

Jung.

(1) 1st Lieut, and
Brig. Adjt. <( .
Kolbachcr, 11th
Ghnenadiers.

(1) Col. Hahn t.

Dorsehe.

(2) Cspt. Schteiber.

(3) 2nd U. Halter.
(1) 2nd Lt. Lindner.

(1) Capt. Rock.

(2) Vice 8ergt.-M»j.

Mahle.
(1) 2nd Lt. Wessel.

(1) 1st Lient. t. Bis-

marek.

(2) Sergeant-Kajor

Feldt.

(3) Ensign t. Bodel-

schwingh.

(1) Major Kiaose.

(2) 1st Lieut. Ottb.
Staff Sur^. Dr. Alex-
ander.

(1) Capt. Lehne.

(2) Capt. Steinhau-

(3) Vice Sergt.-M8j.
Calm.

(1) Maj. T. Hamie-

ken.

(2) Capt. r. ICach.

(3) 2naLieut^ Baron

T. Ziliencron.

(4) 2nd Lt. de Sto.

(5) Ens. T. Borries.
(l)Capt.T.E]itsing.
(2)2ndLvat.Rothe.
(3) 2nd Lt. Lorenz.

Missing — 1st Lt. r.
^sehelberg.

(1) 1st Lieut. V.

Wedell.

(2) 1st Lieut. V.

Fredricb.

(3) Ist Lieut. V.

Wuthc.

(4) 2nd Lt. Eoepke.

(5) Vice Sergt..Maj.

Stark.

(1) Col. T. Branden-

stein.

(1) 1st Lieut. Bie-

bracb.

(2) Ist Lieut. Nau-

manu.

(3)2ndLicut.Ripke.

(4) Vice Scrgt. -Maj.

T. Luckomski.

Annj Corps.

staff .ndBegtoent. i ^^°'?r*°^ ! Wounded

Wounds.

(5) Vice Sergt.-Mnj.
r. G-eorgi.

Missing.

Coiubcl. Londw. Begt.
58/69

5th Bcserre Lancers -

(1) iBt Lieut. Lch-

uiann.

(2) 2nd Lt. Pflcster.
(3)2ndLieut.Fritse.
(4)yicoSergt.-Major

Licht.

Assist. Sargeon Dr.

Ziolecki.

• • • a

(1) 2nd Lt. Koschc.

(2) 2nd Lieut, v.

Larergiie-Pe-
giiilhcii.
(1) Capt. Brack.

Missing— Staff Sur-
geon Dr. Kubm.

(1) 2nd Lieut Hab-
nerllL

12th October.

Ilnd

2lBt Begtinent •
14th October.

(1) l8t Li0at. Con-
sentius.

9th Chrenadiers

• • « •

(1) 2nd Lieut. Seel-

tnnnn-Sgge-

bert.

16th October.

lit

•list Begiment -
18th October.

• « « •

(1) Capt. Schlutius.

Ilnd

2l8tBegiment •
2l8t October.

(1) Capt. Baron
Oans-Sdler-
zu-Futlits.

Illrd

12th Grenadiers

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
Bromeis.

APPENDIX LXX'Sail.

PROTOCOL

Detween the undersized, the Chief of tlic Stuff of thu
Prtissuin Armv before Metz, and the.Cliief of the Staff of the
Frencli Array in Metz, both being delegated with full powere
by H.B.H. General of Cavalry Prince Frederick Charles of
PiTiesia. and by H.E. the Commandei^-in-Chiof, ^Marshal Bazaine,
the folloTving agreement hafl been ratified : —

56}

1st Art.

The French Armj under the orders of Marshal Bazaiiie are
prisoners of war.

IInd Art.

The fortress and the town of Metz, with all the forts, the
material of war, stores of all kinds, and all public property will
be handed over to the Prussian Army in the same condition in
which it stands at the time of signing this agreement. Forts
St. Quentin, Plappeville, St. JuHcn, Queuleu and St. Privat, as
well as the Mazelle Gate (Strassburg road) will be handed oyer
on Saturday the 29th October at noon to the Prussian troops.
At 10 A.M. that day artillery and engineer officers, with some
non-commissioned officers, will be admitted into the above*
mentioned forts, for the purpose of taking over the powder
magazines and rendering harmless any mines which may exist.

IIIrd Art.

The arms as well as the whole of the war material of the
army, consisting of colours, eagles, cannon, mitrailleuses, horses,
money chests, miUtary waggons, ammunition, and so forth, wiU
be handed over, in Mctz and in the forts^ to a commission ap-
pointed by Marshal Bnzainc, for the purpose of being transfeired
immediately after to Prussian commissaries.

The troops, disarmed, will be drawn up by regiments or by
Corps, and will be brought in parade order to the places which
shaft be indicated for each Corps.

The officers will then return to the lines of the intrenched
camp or to Metz, but on the condition that they are hereby
bound on their word of honour not to quit Metz without orders
from the PiTussian Commandant.

The troops will then be conducted by their non-commissioned
officers to then* places of bivouac.

The soldiers will retain their knapsacks, effects, and camp
equipment (tents, blankets, cooking utensils, &c.).

IVth Art.

All generals and other officers, in addition to those military
officials holding the relative rank of officers, who give their
word of honour in writing not to serve against Germany during
the present war, nor to act against its interests in any other
manner, will cease to be prisoners of war.

The officers and officials who accept this condition will retain
their arms and personal property.

In consideration of the valour displayed by both the Army
and the garrison during the campaign, those officers who elect
to be prisoners of war will be permitted in addition to take with
them their swords nnd their personal property.

ot;

Vth Art.

All Army Doctors will remain at Metz in order to look after
the wounded ; they will receive the privileges in conformity
Avith the Geneva Convention. The same is to apply to the
pei-sonnel of the hospitals.

VIth Art.

Explanations vnth regard to certain points, more particularly
Av-ith regard to local interests, are treated in an Appendix
liereimto annexed, which has the same authority as the present
protocol.

VIIth Art.

Any Article, which might admit of doubt, will always be in-
terpreted in favour of the French Army.
Done at Chateau Frescaty, 27th October, 1870.

(Signed) V. Stiehle. (Signed) Jarras.

APPENDIX.

1st Art.

The civil officials, superior and inferior, belonging to the
army or the fortress, now present at Metz, may proceed whither
they desire and take all their property with them.

IInd Art.

No one, whetlier he belong to the National Guard, or be
he an inhabitant of the town, or a fiigitive therein, shall be
liable to punishment, either on account of political or reli^ous
views, or for any share that he may have taken in the defence,
or on account of any assistance he may have rendered to the
army or to the gamson.

IIIrd Art.

Sick and wounded left in the town shall receive eveiy care
which their condition may require.

IVth Art.

Families which may be left in Metz by the garrison shall not
be molested, and like the civil officials, may likewise depart
without let or hindrance with all that belongs to them.

The furniture and effects which the members of the ganisou
are compelled to leave in Metz. shall neither bo plundered nor

58J

confiflcated, but shall remain their propei*ty. It will be optional
Aviiii them to cause this property to be fetched away within n
period of six months from the conclnsion of peace or theii'
i-eleaso from captivit}\

Vth Art.

The Commander-in-Chief of the Prussian Army undertakes
the duty of preventing any damage being done either to the
persons or goods of the inhabitants.

In the same manner the property of tlie Department, of the
parishes, of trade or other unions, of civil or spiritual corpora-
tions, of workhouses or charitable institutions, shall remain
uniniured.

The privileges which on the day of the capitulation the
corporations and societies, as also private persons may mutually
exercise, according to French Law, shall in no wise be inter*
fered with.

VIth Art.

To this end it is specially arranged that all local administra-
tions, as also the above-mentioned societies or corporations,
shall retain those archives, books, papers, collections and docu-
ments of every kind which may be in their possession*

The notaries, advocates, and other judicial officials shall
retain their archives and their deeds or deposits.

VIIth Art.

The archives, books, and papers belonging to the state shall
remain generally in the fortress, and at tne conclusion ofpeace
all such documents as refer to those districts reverting to france
fiJiall be returned to France.

The outstanding amounts, which are necessary for the ad-
justment of the accounts, or which might give rise to lawsuits,
to reclamations on the part of third persons, shall remain in the
hands of those officials or agents to whom they are at present
intrusted ; the provisions of the preceding paragraph m this
respect undergo amendment.

VIIIth Art.

With regard to the movement of the French troops from their
bivouacs as prescribed by Art. HI of the Protocol, the following
course will be adopted : The officers will lead their troops to
the points and in the directions as below prescribed. On
arrival at their destinations, they will deliver to the Prussian ,

commander of troops a statement of the effective of the troops '

under their orders, after which they will hand over the com-
mand to the non-commissioned officers and withdraw.

The 6th Corps and Forton's Cavalry Division will follow the
road from Thionville to Ladonchamps.

The 4th Corps, moving between Forts St. Quentiu and

Plappeville aloug the AmanvillerB load, will be led as far as the
Prussian lines.

The Guard, the General Aitillery Reserve, the Engineers and
equipage train of the head-quarters, passing along the railway
embankment, will take the road to Nancy as far as Tourne-
bride.

The 2nd Coips, with Laveaucoupet's Division and Lapasset's
Urigade, wliich belong to it, vn\\ move along the road to
ilagny-ftur-Seillc, and Anil halt at St. Thiebault farm.

Tlie Gardes Mobiles of Metz and all other troops of the gur-
rison, except Laveaucoupet's Dinsion, will move along tlic
Strassburg road as far as Grigy.

Lastly, the 3rd Corps will move along the Saarbriicken road
as far as Bellecroix faim.

Done at CMteau Frescaty, 27th October, 1870.

(Signed) v. Stiehle. (Signed) JiVRRAS.

APPENDIX LXXIX.

ARMY ORDER.

Soldiers of the AlUed Gei-man Armies I AMien we took the
field three months ago against an enemy who had challenged
us to battle, I expressed to you my firm belief that God would
side "with our just cause. This behef has been fulfilled. Since
the day of Weissenburg, when you first came into collision
with the foe, mitil this day when I have received the news of
the capitulation of Metz, many names of battles and engage-
ments have been imperishably recorded in militaiy history.
1 call to mind the days of Worth and Saarbriicken, the bloody
battles round Metz, the struggles at Sedan, Beaumont, at Strass-
burg and PaiTS ; each has been for us a victory. We may look
back upon this period with the proud consciousness that never
was a more glorious war conducted, and I say to you with
willingness, that you are worthy of your fame. You have shown
all the virtues which do especial honour to soldiers : the highest
courage in battle, obedience, endurance, self abnegation in sick-
ness and under privation.

With the capitulation of Metz, the last of the hostile armies
which encountered us at the commencement of the campaign
has now been annihilated. I take this opportunity to express to
you all and singly, from general to private, my thanks and
acknowledgments. It is my desire to distinguish and to honom*
you all, by promoting this day my son, the Crown Piince of
Prussia, and General of Cavaliy rrmce Frederick Charles of
Prussia, who in these times have repeatedly led vou to ^^ctorv,

K 2

60t

to the lank of General Field Marshal. As to what may happen
in the future, I look forward to it with calmness, for I know
that with such troops victory cannot fiiil ns, and that we shall
bring the work thus commenced to as glorious a conclusion.

Head-Quartera, Versailles, (Signed) WlLUAM.

28th Oct., 1870.

I have advanced General of Infismtry Baron v. Moltke, Chief
of the General Staff of the Army, to the dignity of Count.

Head-Quarters, Versailles, (Signed) yfjLUAM.

28th October, 1870.

APPENDIX LXXX.

Ferrieres, 80th September, 1870.

His Majesty the King commands that your Excellency with the
Army Corps imder your orders, with tlie provisional exception
of the Guard Landwehr Division already moving by railway, will
commence with the least j)ossible delay the advance towards
the Upper Seine in the du'ection of Troyes and CMtiilon-sur-
Seine. The subsequent employment of the Army Corps from this
line is reserved tor the present. During the advance your
Excellency will have to prevent attempts to organise troops in
the Departments of the Vosges, Haute Marue and Aube, to
disarm the population, and as far as possible to see to the
restoration and rendering fit for traffic of the Blainville-Epiual-
Favemey-Chaumont, &c., railway. As Langi-es bars the latter
portion of the line, a coup de main upon this fortress, or if
necessary, its bombardment with heavy artillery, should be con-
sidered, and appUcation should be made in duo time* to the
Government-General of Alsace for bringing up guns from
Strassburg, bo that no great loss of time in reaching the above-
mentioned provisional destination should be caused by such
an enterprise.

The duty entrusted to Major-General v. Schmeling remauis
unchanKedl and your Excellency will be good enough to place
yourselt in communication with this officer, more especially
with regard to your mutual protection against Belfort. In the
same maimer communication should be kept up to the north-
ward with the Government-General of nheims, while the
Government-General in Lorraine and the Government-General
in Alsace should be also informed of the commencement and

Progress of the movements of the XIVthAimy Corps in general,
'he duty of protecting any special Hues of communication of
the XlVth Army Corps will devolve upon that Coi*ps, as soon

GIJ

as the frontiers of tho (fOveniments-General of Akacc and
Lorraine shall be passed.

Your Excellency is finally requested to report hero on the
progress of your operations, and as far as possible to indi-
cate some days beforehand the stations of your head-quartera.
A transcript of what is known here of the condition of the
fortresses of Belfort and Langres is attached.

To His Excellency, (Signed) v. Moltke.

General of Infantry v. Werder,

Commanding XlVth Army Corps.

APPENDIX LXXXL

ORDRE DE BATAILLE

Of the XIYth Army Coi-ps.

(Beginning of October, 1870).

GEXER.VL COMMAXDINa : GENERAL OF INFANTRY V. WeRDER.

Chiof of the General Staff: Lteut^Colonel v. Leszczynski, from

Baden Gemral Staff,
Commander of Artillery: Major^Qeneral Count v. Sponcck,

Baden Army.
Commander of Engineers and Pioneers : Major Albrecht (temp.),

from 2nd Eng. Inepn.
Attached : Lieitt.- Colonel Hartmann, d la state 11th Hess, F. Art^

Beat.
General St«ff: (1) Major v. Grolman, Pruman Army ; (2) Cap^

tain V, Friedeburg, Baden Army ; (3) Captain Ziegler, T^/A

Ttegt.
Adjutants: (1) Captain Cbun^ Henckel r. Donnersmark, Zaiic/-

%oehr Cavy. of Mth Bee. Landw. Battn.; (2^ Cavtain v,

Sttilpnagel, 9<A i?t/. Battn.; (3) Captain LoebbecKO, 50//i

Begt. ; (4) let Lieut, v. Brtinneck; let Dragoons of the Guard.

Attached: Captoin v. Lepel, 13<A ianc«'« ; Captain Hcrch-

ler, Baden Field Gendarmery,
Adjutant to Commander oi -cVi-tillery : 1*^ Lieut, Weizel fcKi the

Baden Artillery,
Commander of Head-quarter Guard: 2nd Lieut, Count v. d.

Schulenbm'g, 2nd Beserve Hussars,
Present at Head-quarters : Lieut-General Prince Hermann of

Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Delegate of Field Ambulance

Committee.

iV2t

8 5.

• 25

C Pi

BADEN FIELD DIVISION.

Commander : Lieat.-Chmeral t. G-lnmcr.*

Chief of the General Staff : liajor Baron Tats r.
Ameron^n.

Qeneral Staff: (1) Captain Oberhoffer ; (2) Captain
Baron Rdder t. Diersburs.

Adjataot: Ist Lieut. NOldekc, from the Pioneer
Diyn.

Comnuader of Artillery : Colonel t. Frevdorf , Com-
manding the Field Artillery Regiment.

Adjntant to the Commander of Artillery : Ist Lieut.
Baron t. Neubronn, from the Field Artillery
Begiment.

Commander of Engineers and Pioneers : Major
Wentz, Commander of Pioneer Diyision.

Adiutant to the Commander of Engineers and
Pioneers : Ist Lieut, r. Fxoben, attached 4th In-
fantry Begiment.

In IvviVTBT Bbioadx, Iddut-G^neni du Janys

Baron t. la Boohe.f

Adjutant: 1st Lieut. Baron Bdder r. Diersbnrg,
from the 1st Body Ghiard Grenadiers.

1st Body Ghiard Grenadier Begiment, Colonel Boxon

T. Wechmar

2nd Grenadier, Colonel t. Benx ....

22n> JxYASTRY Bbioads, Major-Ghenoral Baron r.

Degenield.

Adjntant, 1st Lieut. Stabel, from let Body Guard

Gbenadiers.

8rd Begiment, Colonel MtUler]: ....
4th Begiment, Colonel Bayer

Sbb Inpaktet Bbigids, Major-General Keller. §

Acyutant, 1st Lieut. Cbohe, from 5th Begiment.
6th Begiment, Colonel Sachs

8
8

3
3

* On account of tliis officer's illness, the command deyolred until the 18th Octo-
ber upon the Senior Brigade Commander j then to the 10th December upon liout.-
General r. Beyer.

t On account of the illness of this officer, the command devolved upon Colonel
Bayer until 13th October ; then upon lieut. -General Prince WiUiam of Baden,
until IStli Decembes ; and afterwards upon Colonel Baron v. Wechmar, until the
close of the campaign.

t After 7th October, relieved by Lieut.-Colonel Kraus.

§ Commanded by Colonel Sachs, until l£th October.

()3{

•
1

Pioneer
Companies.

6th Bogiment,* Colonel Baur

Pontoon Company, with light field bridge train,
Captain Lichtenauer

—

Catjllbt Bbioadb, Major-General Baron t. La

Roche-Starkenfels.f

Acyataat, Captain Baion r. Beibhlin-Meldcgg, from

the 2nd Dragoons.

Ist Body G-uaid Dragoons, Lieat.-Colonel Boron r.

Scfaiffert

2nd Dragoons, Colonel Wirth

3rd Dragoons, Lieut-Colonel Baron v. Oemmingen -
H. A. Battery, Captain Baron t. Stetten •

—

4
4
4

—

DiTBZOVAL Abtcusst, Lieut-Colonel t. Theobald.

1st and 2nd Light, 1st and 2nd Hoavy Batteries

—

CoBP9 AsTTLxmr, Major Bochliti.

3rd and 4th Light, 8rd and 4th Hcary Batteries -

—

CoLUiCKB Diyi8iov,§ Major Engler.

Ist, 2nd, and 3rd Artillery Ammnnition Colnmns,
Ist and 2nd La£uitry Ammunition Columns, Pon-
toon Column

—

TsADT Dnnsiov, Major r. Chelins.

Commissariat Columns, Kos. 1, 2, 3 ; Waggon-poric
Columns, Nos. 1 — 6, Field Bakery Column, Horse
Depdt, Field Bridge Train, Train Escort Sqoadron,
Field Hospitals, Nos. 1—6

Total Baden Field Division

CovBZirBD Pbussiak Ixpantby Bbioade, Mojor-

Ghmeral r. Bosweli.i

Adjutant, Ist Lieut Baron SchiUer t. Senden, from

34th Fusiliers.

30th Begiment, Lieut-Colonel Nachtigal

34th Fusiliers, Colonel VVahlert . . • -

^^^

—'"

* 2nd battalion, 6th Lifontry Regiment, belonged to Rustatt oarrison.
+ From 11th Norember to 13th December, Colonel Wirth, then Colonel Baron
T. WQlisen, Prussian Army.
t Succeeded on account of sickness by Major ▼. Merhart.
§ The columns and trains did not in part arrire until later.
II Until 10th October, then succeeded by Colonel Wahlert.

50*

St^ff aad Bcglaeat.

KiUed,

or Died of

Wooads.

Wonaded.

MlHlag.

Totd.

AimjikKfB.

•

»*i

•

■

•

IrtOatalrylMT.

5lh RMerra Laaeerv

Cora. Arty. IHt. Vth Amy Corpe

Com. Arty. Dir. Xlth Army Gorpi

12thLaaotn

—

1
1
1

2
5

—

5
8
2

1
1

10
1

Had . . .

TOIth - -

vnth - -

Ilad - - •
XIad • - -
IJnd • • -

thihi

Xth - • -

lit - - -

lit • . -

XIad - - -

mth - -

VlUth • -

Had - - •
lUrd- • -

lUid- • -

IXth .

8rd Reienre DiT.

lit •

Urd - •
Vllth - -

ITIfd - - •
VIII - - -
lit CaTtlry DIt.

lit • - -

Had -

IXth -

Xth . - -

Total for the eagafnaeat at
BeUorae.

2adOi«Badlm . . .
y^t^ BeglBoat . . ■

SthOotober.

SthOmadlen
nthBaglBMat
eiit Begimmt

9th October.
2lMl Begimeat

10th October.

2l8t Begtaaaat

77th BegiBient ...

70thBeglBMnt

91itB«g^meat

llthOetober.
45th Begimeat

12th October.

45th Beginent

9th Oreafdierfi . . .

21itBeginMat . . .

lath Begiaieat

78rdFaiUlen

55th Begiaieat ...

68th Renimeat

69ih Begimeat

14th October.

9th Oreaadiers
12th Qreaadien -
24th Begimeat

15th October.

12th Grenadien
86th FneiUen
19th Begiment

16th October.

litOreaadien
41it Begiment
62nd Regiment
24th Begiment
55th Regiment

17th October.

8rd Bide Battalion -
60th Regiment
12th Luicen

18th October.

44th Regiment

21it Regiment . . .

S6thPaiiUen

16thDragooni

23
1

254

■ad
Sargeo

1
2

1
1

1
2

16
a.

49
2C

1
1

928

■ad
targeoK

2
2

5
8

1
1
6
1
2
1
1
2

5
1

1
1
1

j 2.
1

4
1 1

II.

521

and
Baigoo

5
2

1
1

a
a.

75
4f

1
1

: 1

1708

■ad
iargeoi

2
5
5

5
4

1
9

1
6
1
2

1
1
2

1
1

4
1

42
u.

I
I

5i: •

Staff and B«giBi«nt.

Killed,

or Died of

Wound*.

Wounded.

Missing.

TbtaL

AnnjGerpt.

•

• ^ s

? ! §

S 1 B

■

•

19th October.

llird- -
Vlllth - -

20th Regiment
OOthBegiment

20thOetobtr.

—

•

—

Illrd- - .
Vlltli - -

Srd Bifle Battalion -

ISth Begiment ...

2lBt October.

—

lal - > -

Illrd • - .
VUth - -

IXtli- -

5th Grenadiers ...

12th Orenodien . • .

5AthBegiment

89th Fuailien

84th Begiment

11th Grenadien -

22ad October.

( ^M.

—

1
3

—

1-
i-

1
1

—

Vllth - -

53id Begiment ...
24th October.

"~"

—

"—

—

Had • - •
Vlltii - -

14th Begiment ...
S9th FuelUere

.'27th Octobttr.

— .

—

lat •

48Td Begiment ....

—

Total - - - -

Add loeiei in battle of NoisaerUle,
81 8t Attg.--lu Sept. (See App.
LVIll).

1
82

457
and
Surgeo
646

in.
108

91
92 1

2 I

1622

and

Surgeoi

1961 1

and

Surgeoi

162

IS.

5 1 742 1 14

and

1 Surgeon.

2 243 8

116 2721 1 99

and

5 Surgeons.

126 12850 1273

and

2 Surgeons.

Total Loeeee

1103
and
Surgeo

141
n.

165 13483 209
and
5 Surgeonf .

7
1.

885 1 22 342 5571 |372
and and
Surgecm. 7 Surgeons.

Total Losses nr xxbpxctiyb Units.

1st AUfT.

I
1

1
1

lit Army Gone
Yllth Army Gorpi •
VUlth Army Coips
Xlllth Army Corpe
3rd Beaerre DiTiaion

lit Cavalry Division
3rd Cavalnr DiTidon
Add lomee at Noiaieviae •

8
3

16
andJ

62
and]

46
42
12

4
163
LSorgfl

2
608

ion.

103

6
5
1

86 ]

md2

120
109

26
709

1806 1
Surges

3
54
ras.

and

144

523
1 Surge

243

1
1

3
ion.

8
9

47 I
inda

1
118 1
ind2

179
295

1394
Sorgo
3 i
2 1
i650 |2
. Surgw

35
one.

8
i65
»ns.

Total ....

877
L Surge

133
on.

126 ;
ind2

S796 178
Surgeons.

6
and

924
1 Surge

i4|l84 4697 \i
on. land 4 Sorget

125
MIS.

IImd AUfT.

Hnd Army Gorpe ...

Illrd Anny Gorpe -

IXth Army Corpe >
Xth Army Gorpe -

Add lofiei at NoineTiUe -

8
9

4
2

11
80

6|
and]

9\
and]

3
15
and]

35 1
I Surge)
202 1

Surge)

56
241

I Surges
153

5
m.

1
ra.

17
3n.

1
26

I
G

•I
and]
18 1
and ]

4
19
and!

48 1
I Surge
320 1
LSurgw

63
347

iSarge<
191

8
on.

9
[>n.

m.
8

Total

826

88
ind3

687
Sui^ec

31
ins.

a
1

22 2
m. I

58
Ad 3

974
Surgec

47
ns.

Total lofiei in the inTeetment of
Ifeti and ThionTille <19ih Ang.
to 27th Oct.).

70 ilC3 141

and 1 Surgeon.

65 i
Ad 5

i483 2
Snrgec

7
undl

985

Surge)

42 5
Iid7

671 3
Surgeo

OS.

l)«

•

Pioneer

Companies.

3rd Combined East Fmssian Laadwehr Begimenti

No. 43/45, Colonel t. Usedom - . • -

Loetcen I^ndwcbr Battalion, Cftptain Eintsel,

from 48rd Begiment.
Ooldap Landwehr Battalion, Major r. Normann,

from 43rd Begiment.
Dantzio Landwehr Battalion, Major t. Qozd-

siewski.
Manenbojg Landwehr Battalion, Oaptain t.

Harder, from 46th Begiment.

4th Bi8IBT£ Cataxbt BuaASS, Major-Qeneral

T. Tresckow II.

Adjutant, 1st lieutenant Sartorius, from 19th

Dragoons.

1st Beserre Lancers, Lieut. -Colonel r. Wulffen
Srd Beserre Lancers, Colonel t. Schmidt
Combined Artillery Dirision, 1st, 2nd, Srd, and 4th

Light, 1st and 2nd Heary Batteries, Mf^or v.

Sohaper, from the 2nd ArtiJlorT Brigade* -
2nd Fortaress Pioneer Company, vllth Army Corps,

1st Lieut Jacob --*...--

4
4

Total for the 4th Beserre DiTirion -

* The combined artillery dirision bid been formed of the Beterre Batteries of the
lYth and Ylth Army Corps.

APPENDIX LXXXIII.

Return of Casualties in the XIVth Army Corps and 1st and 3rd Rcservs

Divisions. (1st October to 16th November, 1370.)*

StAlf and Regiment.

Killed*

or Died of

Wound«.

Wounded.

TVital.

Annj Corps.

•

€

•

■

•

XlVlh - -

4th October.

Bftden Field Diriaion.

lit Body aimid Grenndicn
8id Kegiment

5Ch October.
1st Bodf Ooanl Ghrenadieri

6th October.

1ft Body Goard Grenadiers

8rd Kei^ment

GthBci(imoac

IsB Body Guard Dragoons -

FiadArtiUery

Sanitary Detachment

Total for the engagement at
La Bourgonce

8th October.
8rd Dragoons ...

9th October.

2nd Fortress Pioneer Company,
Vllth Aimy Corps

80th Regiment

10th October.
5th Regiment

nth October.

ENOAOBKBrr AT Baotiais.

Ist Body Guard Grenadien
2nd Grenadiers

1
8
1

27
39
23

4
2

18
2

0
10

2
2

75
113

94
0
6
1

—

4
1

—

7
18

2
2

102

182

108

18
15

4th Refer. DIto.

XIVth . -
XlVih - -

4
1

314
1

22
7

1
31

■a^H

4
4

411

20
8

1
85

XIVth . -

Total for the engagement at I —
Dmyircs

I2th October. j

2nd Baden Grenadiers - - , —
80th Regiment • - ~

13th October.

lilt Baden Body Guard Dn^oons - 1 —
34:h Fusiliers - —
2nd Rcserre Dragoons - —

1
1

•>

I
1

^^m

I 1

—

4
8

I
1

* Including the Companies of Artillery and Pioneers employed at the sieges of Schlett<tmdt and Neu-Brelsach.

est

Staff and Bcgimcnt.

Killed,

or Died of

Wounds.

Woundid.

]

Uisateg.

Total.

AnDjrOoriN.

•

1
1

d
if

4CkBMer.Dlfik.

xnrth - -

ZIYlb • •

14Ui October.
SMhBafinent . . .

21ftt October.
Srd Baden nfftancnt

22nd October.

BAdon Field Diviaion.

lit Body Ooard Qmwdicrs

SrdBegimcnt

4th Kc^^ment

ftthBeitiment

Itt Body QoArd Dmcooni -

2nd DraRoons

30thBe8iment

Total for the engagement on the
Ognon.

23rd October.

Badtn Field Dlrl^on.

trdBegiment
4th Regiment
ftthBcgiment

30th Kegtment

24tb October.

34tbFQ>iUer«

2nd Beaerre Dragoons

26th October.

Baden Field DiTlaion.

lit Body Goard Orenadlcm
2Bd Dragoons

27tb October.

lit Body Goard Grenadier^
2nd Grenadiers
fithBesiment
2nd Draguons

29th OctQiA r.
25tbBcglmcnt

30th October.

EKGA0B3IEXT AT DMO.N.

Baden Field Division.

1st Body Guard Grenadiers

2nd Grenadiers

2nd Dragoons

3rd Dragoons

Field Artillery

34th Fusiliers

Total for the engagement at DJjon

7
2
1
3

—

1
2

^^m

—

1
3

2
3

U
'JZ
10

«»

1
o$

114

3
10
24

4
1

20
G
3

171

4th BMtr. Dim.
XlTth - •

4tb R«s«r Dim.

xrvth . ■

2
3

1
o

*""

46
16

•

1
1

7
3

1 "~

125

3
o

1
t

3
2

II II 1 1 II II MM 1 M M 1 1

—

1
1

8
3

1
1

8
•>

—

1S4

MM*

—

249

Staff udBegliDeiit.

jrai-a.

™^

MiuiDe.

TcUL

ktaj Cerf.

1 ll

IMBtMT.DlTD.

xrvA . ■
kt INK. Din.

xmii • ■

lalaer.Dlva.
in Be«r. Dim.

Dninbcnr Landmbr BatlaUon

DmiKb-Croin LandwehrBatlallon
Uth Uejdmcnl

IrdBadCBDniHiw
BroDbtr^Lud-ebrBataUoa -

DlhKoitnibar.

Bada FKOd DlTlaioa.

MbBcgtBMot
Ii»IBcMmUni«ou .

lit BadcD Bodr Oiurd Dniooai ■

itb Kornnbar.
Sid Baden Balneal
SndltMtm Diwoona -

Mb NOTcmbcr.

Badan Fldd DlTliiaa.

Slaff

»Ui NoTimber.
IMhBcfla«.t

ardCnwDOiu

i:ili NoTembcr.
ZodDmrxHU

llthKoTnilMr.
Jtl.B>ii»»t

Mlh Pualllan

Znd BCMIT* HUMUI

Ua Konmbcr.
BidaaFleldDlTlalaD.

Sih Bcjriaiaiit

lilthXoTtEilxr.

3(b Gr^lpiciil

SrdDniPHiu

N'guniuli Laodnbr BalOlloa

■ini Liifbi HetiTTi But. I.Xili A. C.

1
~1

a
s

70j

Staff and Beslment.

Killed

or Died of

Wounds.

WounilcJ.

Ulitincr.

Tola).

Annjr Ootps.

i ^
1 i.

•

•
v'

•

> •

•

E ^
C ^

•

XlVdi - -

16th KoTcmber.
Sod Baden Dragoons

___

1 9

—

1
1

2
1

—

(

1
1
2
€

t
2

(

4th Botor. XHTn.

2fith Beelmcnt

Onndenz Landwchr Dattabon
Ut Comp. Ctb Koitren Any. Begt.
eth Comp. 6th Fortreta Any. Begt.
1 2nd Coznr. 7th Fonresf Any. Begi.
l€th Comp. 7th Fon. Any. Beet. -
let Comp. 10th FortreM Arty. DIt.
fitair of Bavarian Artillery •
2nd FortreM Bat. ) Srd Bar. Arty.
trd FortraM Bat. } Bcglment -

Total hMS at SchlettitaJt

Dumiico THB ImmRMnrr aisn Siaoz
or Nsc-buiSAcn.

Onuideni Landwchr Battalion
Wehlau Landwehr Battalion
Jnsterburg Landwchr Battalion .
Gnmbinncn Landwchr Battalion -
Loetsen Landwchr Battalion
Goldap Landwchr Battalion
MarienburK Landwchr Battalion -
iBt Hoary Battery ...
4th Comp. 6th Fonrets Arty. Begt.

Srd For. Batt. Srd liar. An. Begu
Baden Fortren AttiUery -

Total lots at Nen-Brelsach

Totallow

^■^

1
1

4Ui Baier. DItb.

2
S
6

4
1

—

5
5
2
S
7
6
8
1

—

17
6
8
8
7
6

13
2

—

245

836

4ft

—

1126

7ft

Tl*

XoMiKAL Roll of Officers, axd those actinu in uiat Capacitv,

WHO WEBB Killed oh Wounded.

Army Corps. . Staff and Begimcnt.

Killed, or died uf
Woundd.

Woimded.

XlVth

6tli October.
Baden Field Division.

EKaAGBMEXT AT LA
BOUBGO>'CE.

1st Body Guoi-d i (1) Ist Vice Scrgt.-
Grenadiers < Major Beutciuuilcr

3rd Begimcnt

6th Regiment
Field Artilleiy

9th October.
Engaoe3[E2(t at

RAMBBaVILLEBS.

30th Regiment •

(1) Captain Ratzel -

(2) Captain Kappler

(3) 2nd Lieut, r.

Stipplin.

(1) Ensign t. ^ay-
ensisdi.

(1) 2nd Lieut, llepp.

(2) 2ud Lieut. Count

r. Sponeek.

(3) 2nd Lieut. Lcs-

sing.

(4) 2nd Lieut. Witt-

mer.

(6) Vice Scwt.-Maj.

Munke.

(6) Ticc Sergt.-Maj.

Rummele.

(1) Colonel MiiUcr.

(2) Lieut. - Colonel
IChuon v.Wildcgg.

(3) Capt. Sebrickel.
(1) Capt. Baron v.

Seldeneek.

(5) 1st Lieut. Baron

T. Stetten.

(6) 2ud Lieut. Mess-

nier.

(7) 2nd Lieut. Boh-

ringer.

(8) 2nd Lieut. Wils-

ser.

(0) 2nd Lieut. Zahn.
(10) 2nd Lieut. Ueil.

(1) Captain Plats.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Piis-

terer.

(1) 2ud Lieut. £is-

cniohr.

(2) 2nd Lieutenant

Daniels.

I (1) Mojor V. Bcrcke-
i feldt.

I (2) 2nd Lieut, v.
' Lcttovr- Vorbeck I.
(3) Vice Sergt.-Moj.
1 UlflFera.

I (!•) Vice Serijt.-Maj.
Demeaux.

Army Corps.

XlVth

4th Bes. Dim.

XlVth

Staff and Begimeut.

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

11th October.

Ekoaoeusitt at
BuvrknEs.

2nd Baden Grenadiers

14th October.
25th Bagiment -

22nd October.

EKOAOE3IEXT8 ON THE
OOKOX.

3rd Baden Bagiment •
30th Begiment -

Tice Scrgt.-Maj.
Heller.

26tli October.

Baden Field Dirision.
1st Body Guard
Grenadiers

27th October.
2nd Grenadiers -

80th October.

EKOAOEHZlfT AT
DiJOK.

(1) lit Lieut. Baron
T. u. z. Bodman.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Bis-

ehoff.

(8) 2nd Lieut Baron

Bincky. Balden-

■tein.

(4) 2nd Lieut, r.

LangBdoxffll.

(1) 2nd Lieutenant
Stfirtz.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
Stem.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.

Woedtke.

(2) TiceSergt.-Haj.

Dflts.

lit Body Guard i (1) Tico Ser^t.-Mnj.
Grcnadicra . Martini.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Dill.

(1) 2ud Lieutenant
Kientz.

2nd Grcnadiera

(1) Captain Goekel.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Hoff-

mann,

(3) 2nd Lieut. Kopp.

(4) 2nd Lieut. Baron

T. Stengel.

(5) 2nd Lieut. If eff.

(6) 2nd Lieut, r.

Wanker.

(7) 2nd Lieut. Bis-

sirpcr.

(1) Captain v. SI.

Ange.

(2) iBt Lieut. Kalz.

(3) Ensign Reoei.-

auer.

73$

Army Corps.

1st Bes. Dim.

XlVth .

Ist Bob. DiTn.

4th Bes. Pith.

4th Bes. Diyn.

Staff and Begiment.

1st Fortren Pioneer

Companj,
Ilnd Arm J Corps -

5th November.

Bodcn Field Division
2nd Grenadiers

8th November.
Divisional Staff

15th November.

2ud 1. Bes. Battj.,
IXth A.C.

Betorb Schlstt-

STAST.

25th Begiment -

2ud Compy. 7th For-
tress Arty. B«gt.

16th Compy. 7th For-
tress Arty. Begt<

Bavarian ArtUleiy
Staff

Befobb Nbv-
Bbbisach.

Wehlau Londw. Batn.

Gumbinnen Landw.
Battn.

Loetsen Landw. Batn.

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Quil-
ling

(1) 1st Lieut. V.
Froben.

Wounded.

2nd Lieut. Urban.

(1) Oaptn. Weinber-

ger.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Gro-

nau.

(1) Ist Lieut. Wcr-

ne).

(1) 2nd Lieutenant

Schaper.

(1) Captn. Glodko-

ivski.

(1) Lieut. - Colonel

Baron v. Xcubcck.

(1) 1st Lieut. Bio-
bensahm.

(1) 1st Lieutenant

Kaenipf.

(2) 1st Lieut. Wen g-

hoffcr.

(1) 2nd Lieutenant

Sadrozinski.

74i

APPENDIX LXXXIV.

Head-Quarters, Versailles, 23rd October, 1870.

The fall of Metz, which may be expected in the next few
days, sets at liberty the troops at present employed before this
point for operations in the open field.

The Ilnd Army (Ilnd, IILd, IXth and Xth Anny Corps, Ist
Cavalry Division) under the command of H.R.H. Prince Frederick
Charles, will commence without delay its advance through
Troyes towards the Loire.

The task hitherto entrusted to your Excellency will, as already
indicated in mv telegram of this day's date, thus be changed
in so far that the XlVth Army Corps* (to which the 1st and 4th
Reserve Divisions are assigned, while the Guard Landwehr
Division is temporarily withdrawn) will carry out the invest-
ment and subsequent siege of 8chlettstadt^ Neu-Breisach and
Belfort, protect Alsace and the left fiank of the Ilnd Army, and
hold in advance of its own front such hostile forces as may be
suited to its own strength. The Army Corps, so long as the
enemy remains in great force at Besan^on, will with the troops
already assembled under your Excellency's orders, for the most
part remain at Vesoul, occupy Dijon in force, and cover itself
against Langres, Besan^ou, and Belfort. The communications
of the Corps, whicli are now to be protected by itself in-
dependently, should again {)a6s through Epinal. The repairs
on the railway Blainville-Epinal-YesouJ, should be carried into
effect as far as possible, while the line of railway Vesoul-Dijon
should be protected against any attempt on the part of the
enemy to destroy it.

The Field Railway Division placed under your Excellency's
orders vn31 keep the Executive Commission of the Royal head-
quarters constantly informed of the progress of its labours.
Attention should be paid to the capture of the enemy's railway
material, siace a rapid restoration of the traffic on isolated
portions will be thereby rendered possible.

Yom* Excellency will not hesitate to take the offensive
against small bodies of the enemy ; until the investment of
Belfoi-t by the Ist Reserve Division, which can scarcely reach
that place before 6th November, that fortress must more
especially be watched in force, while any attempted organisation
on its part of a guerilla warfare towards the Vosges and Upper
Alsace must be prevented. With this object the employment
of even largo forces against Belfort may become necessary.

Your Excellency will be informed on what day the iBt
Reserve Division at Colmar A\'ill be at your disposal. The 4th
Reserve Division (head-quarters in front of Schlettstadt) has
already received instinictions to await yom* Excellency's orders.
That you are fully informed ^\'ith regard to the present state of
affaii-R with that Division is presumed.

Your Excellency is lastly begged, in addition to the reportfl
to be sent here as before, to keep H.R.H. Piince Frederick
Charles constantly informed of your operations, the extension
of which southward even beyond Besan^on there is nothing to
prevent, so long an the circumstances permit this being done
without prejudice to the eftsential duties imposed upon your
Excellency.

Yoiu- Excellency will be good enough to place yourself in
constant communication with the CTovcniments-(.Teneral in
Alsace, Lorraine, and at Rheims, as the state of your operations
exercises considerable influence on the organisation of those
districts.

(Signed) v. MoLTEE.

To His Excellency General of Infantry v. Werder,
Commanding XlVth Army Corps.

APPENDIX LXXXV.

Head-Quarters, Versailles, 23rd October, 1870.

The latest reports w4th regard to the state of aflairs of the
AiTuy invested in Metz. leave no doubt that the latter as well
as the fortress will fall in a few days.

That the surrender of the fortress and of the whole of its
material will be included in the capitulation of the Army, is a
matter beyond question. The Royal Government-General in
Alsace has already received instructions b}^ telegi*aph to make
preparations for provisioning the inhabitants. In the surrender
of the forts, &c., the measures ordered by the Royal Cabinet
Order of the 26th September, 1870, for the prevention of any
treacherous act are to be carefully obsei-ved.

With regard to the arrangement of a capitulation, the condi-
tions which obtained at Sedan are to be the guide, and His
Majesty the King has been pleased to allow that, if the speedy
conclusion should be thereby promoted, the officers may on this
occasion as well be allowed to depart on parole.

The non-commissioned officers and men, prisoners of war, are
to be sent partly by way of Saarlouis, Treves, Call (on foot over
the unmade portion of the Eifel railway) to Cologne, and partly
from Courcelles, &c., by way of Saarbriicken. The arrangement
of the whole transport should be taken ovei* by the Line Com-
mission at Saarbrucken. whicii with respect to the further trans-
port Avill consult the Line Commissions in charge of the rear-
ward Une of commimications.

With regard to the subsequent employment of the forces
now before Metz, His Majesty the King commands : —

The 1st Armv (1st. Vllth and Vlllth Army Corps. 3rd Reserve

L 2

7()i

Division and 3rd Cavalry Division) is deputed to occupy Metz,
to lay siege to Thionville and Montm^dy, to guard in the first
instance the troops made prisoners of war, and to cause them to
be convoyed away by the Landwohr troops. The return of the
latter cannot be expected at present, as the ganrison duties in
home territory cannot for the moment be arranged by other
means. The subsequent bringing to the front of other Land-
wehr battalions is reserved. Attention is now to be directed to
restoring the Metz-Thionville-M^zieres line of railway, and
No. 1 Field Railway Division (now in Uheims) is placed at the
disposal of the 1st Army. The Royal Railway Direction at Saar-
briicken has already received instructions to make preparations
for the repaii'S in and near Metz, and requisitions for this pur-
pose should be made in good time. The 1st Army will in
other respects move off in a strength of at least two Army
Coi*ps to a line St. Quentin-Compi^gne, the advanced parties
stalling immediately after the conclusion of the capitulation.

The Ilnd Army (tlnd, lUrd, IXth, Xth Army Corps, and 1st
Cavalry Division^ will move off as soon as possible in the
general dii'ection oy way of Troyes to the Middle Loire. The
Division already orderea by telegram to be sent in advance by
rail will rejoin its Corps in good time ; the XlVth Corps will
protect against Lyons the left flank of the Ilnd Army in its
advance.

Both Armies will march on a broad front with the object of
facilitating supply and rapidity of movement.

(Signed) V. MoLTKE.

To the Commander-in-Chief

Of the Army before Metz.

77t

APPENDIX LXXXVr.

Return of Casualties dubinq the Intestvent of Vebdcx
(7th September to 7th November).

KUled

or Died of

Wounded.

MlMinc.

Total.

Wounds.

Staff and Begiment. ; C

■

•

1 -^

•

0
»

€

1 -•

•

•a

•

8
i

•

Office

•

C5thBcgiment . . 2

106

172

Aocliea Loodwehr Battalion - - —

...

.^.

^„

Jiilich Land wehr Battalion • - ~

...

.^.

Simmem Landwehr Battalion - - —

^„

1 -

^^,

.l_

4th Retcrve Hiusan • —

— .

•

.l_

ArtilleiySttff - - - —

...

•»

Ileary Keterr* Battery Vllth A. C. - ~

—m

...

.l_

lleavr Baferre Battery Vllith A. C. - —

—

...

—

•»

4tli Company 3nl Fortras Artillery Begt. | —

—

— .

—

61I1 Company 3rd „ „ 1 2

—

— .

—m

Cth Company 11th FoitrcM Artillery Dir. 1 —

4
3S

U
1G€

—

Total - - -! 4

1
1

—

14 348 —

XoMiNAL Roll of Officers, those acting in tuat Capacity, axh

SUROEONS, WHO WERE KiLLED OB WoUNDED.

Staff and Regiment.

65th Begimcut

.\rtille17 Staff

Killed or Died of Wounds.

(Itli Company 3rd Fort-
ress Art. Kegt.

(>t]i Company 11 th
Fortress Art. Dim.

AVoundod.

(1) Ist Lieut. Ffciffer.

(2) V

I (1) Captn. Micbaclis.

ice Scrg.-Major ' (2) „ v. Marte (twice).

Lochucr. I (3) „ Kruinmacher.

(4) 2nd Lieut, llonigmonn.

(5) „ ilartung.

Jlissitti;.
2nd Lieut. Uocbeis.

(1) 1st Lieut. Laucr.

(2) 2ud Lieut. Brenning.

j (1) Major T. HeUf eld from 7tli

Fortress Arty. Regt.
j (2) 2nd Lieut.' and Adjutant
I lierloc^e, from 8th Fortrcs*
I Artillery Regiment.

Captain Mcinaixlus.

7^i

•

i ^

•5

•

&•

•

■a

•a

»-8

1 -

/-N

•

•3

3
O

•

«a

•

5
»0

|S6

•S

•

>
X

-43

•

■tf

■

'5.

X
X

•

fc •

•

« 2

■Jl

■

o ^

•c C

S
:z5

O"*"

•

O
CO

•

pN.

1^
02

•l

•

3
O
(J

ft.*^

•s

o
a

•

^w»

•

-i

•*<

<
H

«''

fef

• c

•

.2 ^<

*3!

• mm

1-^

•

>-.

•sdjo3

•9*

Am.

rf ?9i

7«.t{

U
O

>
O

a K

Si:

H
M

•
mi

•

■»

•

s
6

•
3

■

*£3

. 3

«S

•

-<1

^ a

•

§1

•

-•

•1

fci

•

•^

'rt

£>

•

►»

•^

•

J3
CO

}z<

»«

•

_ •

■i

•

•11

ceo
o

•a

f art

■

•

f
1

;: •

S •

s
Q

•

>»

•

a
S

■

•

■

•

1 «;

«t

1 E<

■

>»

l-s

■ft

-H

sot

APPENDIX LXXXIX.

ORDRE DE BATAILLE

Of the 16th Frencli Corps.

(About the middle of November, 1870.)

General Commanding: Gener.vl Chanzy.

Cliief of the General Staft*: General Renault, later General

Lallemant, then Colonel Vuillemot.
Commander of Artillery : Colonel Robinot Marcy.
Commander of Engineers : Colonel Javain.

— —

Battalions.

Guns.

Engineer
Companies.

1st Ixfantby Divisiok.

Commander : Ticc-Admiral Jaur6guiberrr.

1st Brigade : General Bourdillon.

nOth Beglmcnt de Morche

—

75tli Gardes MobUw

-..

drd Eiflo Batlolion de Marclie - - • -

—

2nd Brigade : General DeplADque.

d7th Regiment de Marche

—

33rd Gardes Mobiles

—^

—

Artillery.

3 batteries

—

Engineers.

Ist section, 20tb compcny, 8rd Regiment -

—

1 section.

Total 1st Division -

1 section.

tS-D IXPASTET DlTISIO*.

Commander: General Barrj.

Ist Brigade: afterrrards Genci'ol Desmouon^i.

3l8t Regiment de Marcbe

—

22nd Gurdes Mobiles

—

7th Riilo Battalion de Marche • • - .

—

2nd Brigade : Colonel Berard.

SSth Regiment de Marche

—

66th Ghurdes Mobiles

"~~

sit

Battalions.

Gims.

Engineer
Companies.

Artillery.

3 batteries -

—

!
t

Engineers.

2 sections, 20th company, 3rd Begiment

—

2 sections.

Total 2nd Division -

2 sections.

3rd Invaitcby DiYisioy.

Commander : G'eneral MaurandTt

Ist Brigade : Colonel Afartj.

36th Refitment do ^archo

8th Gardes Mobiles

8th ftiflo Battalion do Marche - . - -

3
3

^""

—

2nd Brigade: (None.)

40th Begiment de Marcho

71st Garaes Mobiles

3
3

^—

Artillery.

3 batteries

—

Engineers.

1st section, 18th company, 1st Begiment •

—

1 section.

Totol 3rd Di\Tsion ■

1 section.

Squadrons.

Cavalry Ditision.

Commander : General Beftayre, after 10th November,

General Michel.

1st Brigade : General Tripard.

1st Hussars do Marche

2nd Brigade : General Digard.
6th Lancers

3rd Brigade : General Abdclal, later General do Tucc.

3rd Cuirassiers do Marche

'1th Dragoons de Marche

4th Mixed Begiment do Marche (Light Cayalry)

Total Cavalry Division . . . .

4
4
4

82J

BSBBBTB ASTILLBBT.

lieatemmt-Colonel Out^.
11 batteries

3 compenies of the Arfcillexy Tnin -

EVOINESB SbSBBTE.

2nd'iection of 18th Companj, 1st Regiment

TSAIV.

8 oompaniea - • ...

Total Beserr e Artillery

Qizns.

APPENDIX XC.

Return op Casualties in the 1st Bayabian Corps and 2nd Cavalry Division.

(Ist to 15th November.)

Killed

or Died of |

WooBded

Uimlng.

Total.

Staff ana Regiment.

Wound!

AnnyCorpt.

■

•

■

i
1

•

Minor Actions.

Itt Bat. .

Body Guard Regiment

— .

—

7«

,^_

Itt Batt. 2nd Begt. (5th Car. DiTn.)
4th Rifle Battalion -

—

1
1

—

■^

—

1
1

—

3rd CheTaozlegen -

—>

...

Staff, 2nd Infantry Dim. -

—

•

—

2* —

and

1 Intendant.

3nl Regiment

—

— .

20 1 —

20*

Ammunition Column 2nd Infy.

_—

CI IllO

61*

no*

Dim.

2nd Cuiraaeiers
Total

—

1 —

—

25S 110

176

12G

and

1 Intendant.

2nd Car. Divn. -

Ist Body Guard Cniraiiiers

— >

—

2nd Lancers

—

^..

l«t Body Guard Uuaears -

—

—>

—

—^

5Ui Hustan • - . .

—

6thHuMarB-
ToUl

^^^

—

•#

««

—

Itt Bat. -

let Rifle Battalion -

^.^

^^^

8rd Battalion 18th Regiment

^^^

^^m

•^^

124

* Taken prisonert on 10th Noyember at St. Perary.

S' ■ .

Killed

or Died of |

Wounded

Missing

•

Total.

Staff ftndBegifflens.

Woimds

•

Ajiny Corps.

. 1

•

•ft

^•

•

■

t*m

fBriftade Staff -

mmmm

—

«^^«

—

—.

Cav. Divn. -

3rd Cav. Brigade j Cuinisiera

^^^

^■^

^^"

«B^

^i^i*

^■^

Csnd Lancers -

—

■^

.— '

—

5thcv.Brig«i4«S{};SSJ: :

•^^

•>

, ,

^.M

4
3

1st H. A. batty. Ilnd Army Corps.

—

•*—

—

b-i

154

9th NoTcmber.

1st Bet. •

Ist Inikntry Dirlsion.

Staff

•—

—

•^

—

Brigade l2nd Jiifle Battn. -

2
5

4
12

18
67

f2nd Battn. 9th Co.,

.—

—

.—

It;

—

2ad Infant.) 2ndBogt.

Brigade l2Dd Battn. 1 1th Regt.

•>

—

1.4th Bifle Batta.

—

•

3rd CheTEUXlegers - . -

—

1st, Srd, 6th, and 7th batteries 1st

■^

—

Art. Divn. (from 1st Art. Begt.)
Total for the 1st Division •

200

296

2nd Infantry Division.

t^ f«f» f 3*^ Rcfflment -
5iiS£* ^l2thBei?Iment-
Brigade tigt iiifle BattaUon -

—

->.

—

.—

— .

—

•—

7 i 55

—

- 1 18

...

Brigade 1 7th Battalion •

.— '

—

7 1 94

14
2

5
o

—

7 1 129
3 ! G8

4th Chevauxlegers •

MSB

—

— 1 6

2nd, 4th, 0th, »th batteries 2nd

—

Art. Dlvn. (from 1st Art. Bof;t.)
Total for the 2nd Infy. Divn. -

219

132

25 1 3»8

Cuirassier Brigade.

IstBaT. •

1st Cuirassiers

—.

•»

^■»

— 1 8

2nd Cuirassiers

—

— ' 3

Ist H. A. battery 3rd Art. Begt. -
Total Cuirassier Brigade -

7
13

_^,

—

— 6

—

-1 17

Artillery Reserre Division.

Ist, 2nd, and 3rd Dimi. (ard Art.

»)

^M*

2 j 17

Begt.)

1 1th Batty, from 1st Art. Begt. -
Total Art. Bes. DiMi.

3
19

—

-JndCav. Dirn.-

l3t Body Guard Cuirassiers

^.«

^^^

«■■«

1 -

2nd Lancers -

—

.-,

^.^

' ■■■

— 1 1

oth Hussars . • - .

^^^

«>

— . 2

Staff of the 5th Cav. Brigade - —

—^

—

4th Hussars • - - , —

- ' 7

•>

— G 1

1 St H. A. Batty. Ilnd Army Corps • —

—

Total for the 2na Car. Dim.

^— 1

•^—

IG i

Ist Bavarian Army Corps -

10 1

i>S

448

199

46 1 720 1

I?l

2nd Cavalry Division - - —

33
S3

1 . 10 1

Total

16 1

40G

192

47 . 736 .

177

Total loss between Ibt and 15th

113

523

109

4:J8

142

65 1074

341

November >

and

1 Intendant.

84*

Nominal Roll of OFFictiis, and those aciing in that Capacity,
WHO WERE Killed, Wounded, or Missing.

Aim J Corps,

Staff and Begiment.

EiUed, or Died of
Wounds.

Woundeil.

1st Bay.

2nd Cav. Divn.

IstBaT. -

Staff of the 2nd Infy.
Divn.

3rd Begimeut •

Ammunition Column.
2Dd Infy. Divn. (from
Ist Arty. Begt.)

5th Hussars

Musinff,
QrtmMtr.Sclimaaser.

Missinff,
- (1) Lieut. Sommer.

(2) Lieut. Koniif.

(3) Lieut. Bauldauf.

Missing.
Lt.-CoL Burkleiii.

Missing.
2nd Lieut. Hcimar.n.

Reconnaissance Ac- ,
tick in the bois de

MAttCHENOIR (7X11
>iOVE3iBBU).

3nl BattoUou, 13th , (1) C'apt. KOrbcr - j (1) Lieut. Haag.

^S^^^^^ Missing.

I Lieut. Dutsch.
Battle of Couuuebs,

ox THE 9th NoVEM- i

BEE. I I

Stafi* of the Ist Infy.

Dim.
2nd Riac Battalion -

(1) Lt.-C(>l. Herbst, |
from luth Bcgt. i

2nd Battalion and 9th
Company, 2nd Begt.

2nd Battalion, 11th

Begimeut
4th Kifie Battahoii -

9th Biflc BattuUou

12lh Begimcitt •

(1) Major Mehn.

(2) Lieut. Zierl.

(3) Lieut. Biedl.

(1) Capt. Martin.

(2) Lieut.-CoL Held.

(1) Lt.-Col. Stengel.

(2) Oificer Aspiraut

Forchthammer.

lOth Begiment

(1) Lieut. Braudol. i

(2) Officer Aspirant i

V. Donniges. .

(1) Capt. Feuerlfin.

(2) Lieut. £mmcr.

(1) Capt. Baron t.

Waldenfelj.

(2) Lieut. Baron r.

Schnurbein.

(3) Lieut. Wullner.

(4) Lt. T. Beichcrt.

(1) Lieut. Neumcier.

(1) Capt. Baron v.

Berchem.

(2) Lt. Steinbeisscr.

(3) Lieut. Grcim.
Licut.-Col. Count t.

Taufl'kirclion-
Lichteunii.

(1) Lieut. Prachtr.

(2) Lieut. Settttor.

(3) Lieut. Flach*.

(4) Lieut. iStivll.

(5) Lieut. Burk-

hardt.

(1) 1st Lieut. Huber.

(2) Lieut. Stammin-

ccr.

(3) Lt. Nieubauer.
(1) Acting Officer

Schneider.

(5) Acting Officer

Hasenclerer.

^ot

Annj Corps,

1st Bar.

Staff and Befi^ment.

13tb Begiment

7tli Biflo Battalion

2nd Cav. Dim.

2nd Arty. Divn. (from
Ist Arty. Begt.)

Arty. Bes. Dim. (from
3rd Arty. Begt.

11th battery from Ist
Axty. Begt.

1st Body Guard Cui-
rassiers

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

(1) Lieut. Weber.

(1) Lieut. V. Peter.

(1) Lieut. Bemlein.

(2) Lieut. : Baron r.

Lassberg.

Wounded.

(1) Capt. Lissienolo.

(2) Ist Lt. MiUitzcr.
(.3) Lieut. T. Grund-

herr zu Altcnthann
u. Woylicrhaus.
(4) Lieut. iMcdicus.

(0) Lieut. Drcykorn.

Minxntf.

Capt. Bitter T. Voll-
mar.

(1) Lieut. Bascher.

(2) Lieut. Exter.
(1) 1st Lieut. Merkl.

(1) 1st Lieut. Baron

V. Andzian-Wer-

burg.

(1) 1st Lieut. Belle-

Tille.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Count

T. Moltke.

APPENDIX XCI.

Distribution and Strength of the 1st Bavarlvn Corps and
2nd Cav^vlry Division in the Battle of Coulmiers,

9th November, 1870.

Commander-in-Chief : General op Infantry Baron v. u. z. d. Tann-

Rathsamhausen.

Chief of the General Staff : Lieut.- Colonel v. Heinleth.
1st Infantry Division : Lieut.-General v. Stephan.
1st Infantbt Brigade* : Major-Genenl ▼. Dietl.

1st Begiment, Major v. f 1st battn., Captn. Hofmanu,
Liineschloss \ 2nd battn.» Major Daffenreither.

2nd Kifle Battalion, ^lajor Wirthmann.

1 division, 2nd squadron, 3rd Chevauxlegers, 1st Lieut.
Herman.

1st 4?-pr. batty.jt 1st Art. Regt, Captain Gruithuisen.

5th 6-pr. batty., 1st. Art. Regt., Captain Baron v. Hutten.

Ist Infy. Brigade, 2,357 infy.J,

30 horses,
10 guns.

* The Body Guard Rcfdment iras at Orl&ins. f Two guns at Orl^ns.

t These and the subsequent fieures sIiott the eombatant^. "ivithout offleers or train.

8(5}

2SD Ikvaktrt Bugade : Major-Genenl t. OrfT.

2nd battn. 2iid Resfiment,* Major v. Conlon.

2nd batttn. 11th Iiegiment,t Major Boehe.

4th Eifle Battalion, Captain Wohi*.

0th Rifle Battalion, Lieut.- Colonel Baron v. Massenbach.

f 2ud sqaadron 3rd Chevanxlegers,;^ Captain Zenetti.

3rd 4-pr. batty., § 1st Art. Regt., Captain v. Grnndhen*.

7th G-pr. batty., § 1st Art. Regt., Captain v. Schleicli.

l8t division Res. Arty.|l f^'^/;^''- **"^' ^"P**^"* ^''^•

^ [^ Prince Leopold of Bavaria.

2nd Inf. Brigade, 3,045 infy.,

103 horses,
24 gang.

1st Inf. Division, 5,402 infy.,

133 horses,
34 guns.

2nd Infantry Division : Major.General Schnmacher.

8bd Ikfantbt Bbiqade^ : Colonel Both.

o J -D ' ^ L n 1 1 r Ist battn., Major Kohlermann,
3rd Regiment, Colonel J ojux^n. -d i

c 1 J < 2nd battn., Captn. v. Parscral,

1 3rd battn., Major Veitb.

12tli Regiment, Colonel /^•*'*,^"f- ^;^P**'" ^™'*'''
-hj , • s 2nd battu.. Major v. Mayer.

L3rd battn., Major Pansch.

Ist and 2nd squadron, 4th Chcvauxlegcrs, Lient.-Coloucl
Baron v. Lichenstem.

2nd 4-pr. batty.,** Ist Art. Regt., Captain Stadelmanu.

2nddivi8ionttRe8.Art. fSth G-pr. batty., Captain Nou,
(3rd Art. Regt.) Ma-< 6th 6-pr. batty., 1st Lieutenant
jor DafPner. (^ Carl.

3rd Inf. Brigade, 4,156 infy.,

233 horses,
18 guns.

4tu Infaxtut Brigade : Major-Generul Baron r. u. x. d. Tann-Bath-

samhauscn.

Jonor-Tettenweiss. J ^"^ '^""•' ^^''P**"' ^Vetz-ov.

* The let and 3rcl battaliouH, yrhh 3 companies, each irith the 5th Cavabr Pivibioj,
the 1st and 9th compnnios. as standini; escort to the Artillery Beserve.
+ 1st battalion with llie (51 li Cavalrv Dirisioii.

X The 4lh squadron dt?tachcd to cfUflrd the Ktnppcn line Arpajon-Tourr ; 1>1 and
3rd squadrons at Orleans.

$ Attached from the Divisional Artillcrr.

!! Attached from tht- .irtiilcry Kescrvc ; the 2nd II. A. battcrv was with t'iic
Cuirassier Brigade.

T Tlio 1st Kifle IBattahon wo? attached to the 2nd Cavalry Division, until tho
comincnceraent of the engn<;ement.

**♦ Attached from t!u' Divisional Artillerv.

■

ft Attached from the Artillery Ke*crve Division.

"•■■♦■ 1st battalion. lOtli R<»ffimcut, as escort to the trains in Artenrn.

•♦••••

,s7t

13thRegiiueiu,''^C'uloiiei T :2nd bnttn., Major Baron v.
Count V. Ysenburg-< Schdnhaeb»
Philippseich. (^3rd battn., Captain Haag.

7tb. Bifle Battalion, Captain Hoderlein.

3rd and i 4tli sqaadrons,t 4th Chevauxlegers, Major
Cronneubold.

.Vit. division of the 2iid (**'^ t^Z ^'"^•' ^"^^''^ ^'"''

aJ u r^Tiv/' N <3tli 6.pr. batty., Captain Metz,
Art. Regt.),: Major] ^^^ ^^^^ ^J^^^ ^,^^^^^ ^^,_

X. nssinan. ^ walder.

4th Inf. Brigade, 3,569 infy.,

174 horses,
18 guns.

2nd Inf. Division, 7,725 infy.,

407 horses,
36 guns.
BeserTe Art.§ (3rd Art. Begt.), Colonel BronzettL
o J T\' ' ' -Kr^ ' f ^th 6.pr. batty., 1st Lieut. Baron
3^.J>^^^o^ ^3or J ^^ Adrian-Warburg,

^^' [Sth 6-pr. batty.. Captain Beder.

11th (miir.) batty, Ist. Art. Begt., Cap^in Count v.

Thiirheim.
9th companyll 2nd Infy. Begt., Captain Unrein.

Bes. Art. Division, 16 guns,^

140 men.

22iD Cavalry Division : Lient.-Greneral Count zu Stolberg.
dBD Cavaxbt Bsioadb : SJajor-G-eneral ▼. Colomb.

1st Body Guard Cuirassiers, Colonel v. Oppen.

2nd Lancers, Lieut.-Colonel Bode.

1st H.A. batty. Ilnd Army Corps, Captain v. Ekcn-

stein.
3rd H.A. batty., Vlth Army Corps, Captain Weltz.
1st Bav. Bifle Battalion,** Lieut..Colonel Schmidt.

3rd Cav. Brigade, 941 horses,

12 guns,
728 infy.

4Ta Cavalby fiBiGADE : Major-General Baron t. Bamckow.

1st Body Guard Hussars, Colonel v. Hanstein.
5th Hussars, Lieut.-Colonel Baron v. Salmuth.

4th Cav. Brigade, 1,047 horses.

*• 1st bat;alion, 13tli Rej^iment, .ittached to tho Cuirassier Bripfadc.

t Half tlio 4th squadron detached to the 22nd Infant rj Division.

X 2nd 4-pr. battery vith tho .3rd Infantry Brigade.

§ Of tho Artillery Reserve, tho 1st Division was with the 2nd Infantry Brigade,
tho i'nd with the 3rd Infantry Brigade j 3 batteries of the -Ith Division (9th and 10th
G-pr., and 12th 12-pr. battery) with the Ist company. 2nd Regiment with the 22nd
Infantry Division.

11 Attaclied as escort for the 2nd Infantry Brigade.

*[ The mitrailleuse battery had 4 pieces.

** Attached from the 3rd Infantry Bri«;ade.

88f

5th Catalbt Bbioade : Mftjor-Q-enoral t. Banmbach.

4tli Hassars, Major r. Krieger.

6th Hussars, Lieut.-Coloncl v. Gravenitz.

5th Cay. Brigade, 1,U(>1> horses.

Batabiax Cuibassieb BsiGADr* : Major-General t. Tausch.

1st Cuirassiers, Colonel Feichtmajr.

2nd Cuirassiers, Colonel Baumiiller.

Ist H.A. batty. Srd Art. Kegt., Captain Baron v. Lepel.

2nd H.A. battj.t 3rd Art. Kegt., Captain v. Hellingrath.

1st battn.^ 13th Regiment, Major Endres.

Cuirassier Brigade, 1,098 horses,

12 guns,
688 infy.

2nd Cav. Division (including) ' ^a *

Bay. Cuirassier Brigade). | /,qq p^ '

Ist Bav. Army Corps and the J ^Vok v™*'
2nd CWl.^ Di^fsion. { ^^ ^^^'

DETACHUByr IN Oblea^s.

Body Guard lutv. Rc?t., fj"* ^""•' Major Eckart

Colonel RitterV. TiM 2"^ battn Major t. Baur-

f Uapi I Brcitcnfeld.

^^ ' L3rd battn.,§ Major r. Ruoesch.

1st and Srd squadrons 3rd Chevauxlegers, Major Baron

V. Podewils.
2 guns of the 1st 4-pr. batty. 1st Art. Begt., Ist Lieut.

Lenz.

Total 2,142 infy.,

250 horses,
2 guns.

* Attached from the 2nd CaTalry DiTision.
t Attached from the Artillery Beserrc.
X Attached from the 4th Infantry Brigade.
§ 12th comiNinT detached to the train.

LONDON:

Printed for Her MnjestT*s Stationcrr OflSce,

By Harrison and Soxs, St. Martin's Lane,

Printers in Ordinanr to Her Majestj.

n.OOO. 11 I 78. in. "Wt. B 833. 1

89t

APPENDIX XCn.

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the Ilnd Army.

(15th November, 1870.)

Comhander-in-Chief: General Field-Marshal HJt.H. Prince

Frederic Charles of Prussia.

Personal Adjutants 2 (1) Major v. Erosigk ; (2) Captain

V. Nermann, i la suite 16th Hussars; (3) l9t Lieutenant

Count V. Kanitz, d la euite Srd Hussar $.
Chief of the StaflF: Majors General v. Stiehle.
Quartermaster-in-Chief : Colonel v. Hertzber^.
Commanding Artillery : Lieut,'General v. Colomier.
Commanding Elngineers and Pioneers : Colonel Leuthans.
Oeneral Staff: (1) Major Schmidt; (2) Major Ctnmt ▼. Haeseler ;

(3) Captain y. Billow; (4) Captain Steffen; (5) Captain

Hugo, 48^/i Regiment ; (6) 1st Lieut. Baron v. d. Goltz, 6th

Body Guard Grenadiers,
Adjutants : (1) Major v. Niesewand, 5th Dragoons ; (2) Captain

Herzbnich, 2nd Foot Guards; (3) Captain Milson, 19^

Dragoons ; (4) Captain v. Byem, 60^A Regiment; (5) 1st

Lieut. V. Wartenberg, 64<A Regiment; (6) 2nd Lieut, v.

Maltzahn, ird Lancers*
Field Officer with the Officer Commanding Artillery : Major v,

Werder, h la suite Fortress Artillery of the Guard.
Second Engineer Officer : Captain v. Bergen, 1st Eng. Inspection.
Army Intendant: Intendant Engelhard. Field Intendant:

Captain v. Schwedler.
Army Surgeon-General : Surgeon-General Dr. Loffler.
Commandant of Head-quarters : Captain Baron v. Willisen, Srd

Lancers.
Commander of Head-quarter Guard : Captain Count v. Wartens^

leben Ilnd, Hussars of the Gvard.
Field Gendarmerie : Colonel Eurth. Divisional Commandant :

Captain Schroeder I.

Inspection General of Etappen.

Inspector-General : Major-General v. Tiedemann.

Chief of the Staff: Major Loewe.

Adjutants : (1) 1st Lieut. Douglas, /rom Cavalry of 27th Landwehr

Regiment ; (2) 2nd Lieut. Baron ▼. Werther, from Cavalry of

S5t/i Reserve Landwehr Battalion.
Artillery Officer : Colonel ▼• Schlegell.
Engineer Officer : Major ▼. Monsterberg,

90}

Intendant : Intendant Councillor Lampel.

Commander of Field Gendarmerie Division : Major v. Wichert,

Present at Head-quarters.

Lieut.-General H.S.H. Frederick, Landgrave op Hesse.
2nd Lieutenant H.S.H. Duke Paul of Mecklenburg-

SCHWERIN.

BUMMABY OF FORCES.

Ilird Aimy Corps. . 25 battalions, 8 squadions, 14 batteries (84 gons), 8 pkm. cos.
IXtb „ ..23 „ 12 „ 16 „ (90 guns), 8

Xth „ ..25 „ 8 „ 14 „ (84 guns), 8

1st Cav. Dirision . . —

(6 guns), —

Total — 78 battns., 58 squadrons, 44 batteries (264 guns), 9 pion. cos.

iurd army corps.

General Commanding : Lieut.-General v. Alyensleben IInd.

Chief of the Staff: Colonel v Voigte-Rhetz.
Commanding Artillery: Major-General v. Biilow.
Commanding Engineers and Pioneers: Major Sabarth.
General Staff : (1) i/o/or v. Kretschman; (2) Giptoin v. Stiick-

radt ; (3) Ist Lieut, v. Twardowski, 77th RegL
Adjutants: (1) Captain v. Schweinitz, 2nd Body Guard Hussars ;

(2) Captain v. d. Schulenburg, 37th Fusiliers; (3) Captain

V. Klosterlein, 64th JRegt. ; (4) 2nd Lieut, v. d. Schulenburg,

3rd Hussars,
2nd Engineer Officer: Captain Bruhn, h la suite A^th Eng.

Inspection.

5th Infaittby DrviBiOK.

Commander : Lieut.-General v. Stulpnagel.*
General Staff : Major t. Lewinski 11 nd.
Adjutants: (1) Captain Wodtke, 45tlL Regiment;
(2) 2nd Lieut. Count y. Bemstorff, Srd La^icers.

9th Ikfaittbt Bbigadb, Colonel t. Conta.

8th B 3-. Grenadiers, Lieut.-Colonel t. L*£stocq
48th Legiment, Lieut.-Colonel t. £nde -

8
3

* Owing to illnaai leplaoed bj Mkjor-Qeneral t. Sohwwm.

IOth IiTFAKTBT Bbigidb, ICajor-Genenl t.

Schwerin.*

12tli Grenadiers, Lieat-Colonel t. Ealinowski -
52nd Begiment, Colonel v. Wulifenf

Srd Bifle Battalion, Major ▼. Jenat - - - -

12th Dragoons, Major Pfeffer t. Salomon -

Ist Field DiTision 8rd F. A. Begimeot (1st and 2nd

HeaTT, Ist and 2nd Light Batteries, Major arabe§
2nd Field Pioneer Ck>mpan7 with Sntxenching Tool

Column, Captain Bredau

No. 1 Sanitary Detachment

Total of 6th Inflantrj DiTiiion -

eXH ISTIXTBT DXTUIOir.

Commander s Lieat. -General Baion t. Buddenbioek.
General Staff : Major t. Gbissler.
Adjutants: (1) Captain Pohl, 95th Begiment;
(2) 1st lieut. T. KrOoher, 16th lAnoen.

11th Infaittilt Brioadb, Major-General t.

Botbmaler.

20th Befpment, Colonel ▼. Flatow •

85th Fusiliers, Colonel du Plessis . . -

12th iKTAirTBT Bbigadb, Colonel ▼. Bismarck.

24th B««giment, Colonel Count su Dohna||
64th B^riment, Colonel Baron Treusch t. Buttlar-
BrandenieU •"

2nd Dragoons, Colonel t. Drigalski -

8rd Field Dirision, drd F. A. Begt. (6th and 6th
Heayj, 5th and 6th Light Batteries), Lieut.-
Colonel Beck

1st Field Pioneer Company, with Light Field Bridge
Train, Captain Euntze

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

8
3

Total 6th Infantry Diyision

8
8

8
3

* Beplaoed by Colonel ▼. WulflTen.

t Beplaoed by Major Count t. Schlippenbaoh.

J Owing to wounds replaced by Major ▼. Nordeok.

§ Commanded until arriyal by Captain t. SchUoht.

jl Owing to sickness replaced by Lieut-Colonel ▼. Bohrscheidt,

Corps Abtillebt, Colonel t. Dmkj.

H. A. Dim. 8rd F. A. Begt. (Ut mod 8rd H. A.

Batteries) , Major Lentz*

2nd Field Dirn. 3rd F. A. Befft. (8rd and 4th HeaTj,

Srdand 4tb Light Batteries), Major t. Ljnckerf -
8rd Field Pioneer Companji Captain Thelemuin
No. 8 Sanitary Detachment

lotal Corpa Ariillery

CoLUiCKS Dmsiov, 8rd F. A. Begt.,
Captain Biuohard.

AitiUerj Ammunition Columns, Noa. 1 to 6 ; Infantiy
Ammunition Columns, Noa. 1 to 4; Pontoon
Column

8xi> Tbain Battalion, Major t. Pfannenberg.

Beserre Hospital Depdt, Horse Dep6t, Field Bakery
Column, Commissariat Columns Nos. 1 to 6, Field
Hospitala, Nos. 1 to 12, Train Escort Squadron,

12
24

ixth army corps.

General Commandinq : General y. Manstein.

Chief of the Staff: Major Bronsart v. Schellendorf.
Commanding Artillery : Major-General Baron v. Puttkamer.
Commanding Engineers ana Pioneers : Major Hutier4 ^ *^
General Staff: (1) Majors. Wrisberg; (2) Jfa;or Scherf, Grand

Ducal Hessian Army ; (3) Captain Lignitz.
Adjutants: (1) Captain Kuhlwein v. RatUenow, \st B.G.HuBBore ;

(2) 1st Lieut. V. Britzke, Wth Lancers ; (3) 2nd Lieut, v.

Ryiuultowski, llth Grenadiers,
2nd Engineer Officer : Captain Sommer, ith Eng. Inspection.
Commander of Headquarter Guard : Captain v. Carlsnauaen, a la

tuite 3rd Lancers.

* Owing to wounds replaced by the senior tatteiy oommander.
f Owing to sickness teplaoed by senior battery commander.
X Owing to aioknesa rpplaoed by Captain Sommer.

18th IzrVAlTTBT BiTXBIOV.

Commander : Li0at.-0«iieral Baron t. WrangeL
General Staff : Major Lust.

Adjutants : (1) Captain t. BOlow, 16th LaoMn i
(2) Ist Lient. r. Marlkowaki Ilnd, 25th Segiment.

86XH iHVAiriBT Bbzoasb, Mi^Qenaral r.

BlumenthaL

80th FuaOiarB, Iiieat.*Colonel t. Sehiamm
Mh Bagiment^ Xieut^-Colonel Banm t. Kittlits

86kk Ihvavtbt Buoasb: Colonel Baran t.
lUkenhauaen (temp.)

11th Gi«nadien, Lieut.-Colonel t. Elein (temp.)
86th KeginMint, Lieuft.-Colonel Kdppen (temp.)

9th Bifle Battalion, Muor T.

8th Drasoons, Colonel Baron r. Houwald - . .

lit Field DiTifion» 9th Field Artillenr Begiment (Ist
and 2nd Heayy, 1st and 2nd Ijoght Batteiiea),
Mjjor T. Heineooius

2nd Field Pioneer Company, with Entrenehing Tool
Column, Captain Fiedler

8rd Field Pioneer Company, Captain Sohula •

No. 1 SanitaiT Detachment

Total 18th Infantiy BiTision •

25th Gbavb Dvoal Hx88Lur Ditzsiov.
Commander, Lieui.-Genexal H.S.H. Prince Louis of

Personal Adjutant, Mijor Westenreller t. Anthoni.*
Oeneral Staff: (1) Major t. Hesse i (2) Captain t.

Qaokewits, Prussian Army.
Adjutanto: (1) Ist Lieut. Bothe, Artillerr; (2) Ut
Lieut. Baron B5der t. Dienburg, 2na Caralxy
Begiment.

Oommandinff Field Artillery: Lieut-Colonel Stnmpff,
Pruaiisa Army,

Pretent at Head-Quarters.

Mftjor H.S.H. Prinoe William of Hesse,* k lasuite,

4th Besunent.
Major T. Kuchler,* Adjutant to H.S.H. the Oxand

Duke of Hesse.

8
8

3
8

1
1

• Should be alsomserted in Appendix Y, haying been with the Diriaion sinoe
the oommenoement of the war. ^*'*^

94}

49th Iitfavtbt Buoasi, Colonel t. Winekler,

PratuMi Armj.

I«t Begiment (Bodj Guard), Lieut.-Oolonel Ooul'

2nd Regiment, Colonel Krmus -
let Bifle Battalion, Major Gerlaoh

60th IwAiTTXT BszaADB : ColoDol T. Ljnoker.

8rd Begiment, Major Winter . • .
4th Beffiment, Lieut.- Colonel t. Ghrfbndler
2nd Bile Battalion, Major Daudiatel

25th Catalbt BsiaADB : Mi^or-General y. Bantiau,

Fruaaian Armj.

Ist CaTalry Begiment (Guard CheraaxlegerB), Lieat.-
Colonel T. Grolman

2nd Cayairy Begiment (B.G. Cherauxlegers), Major
Baron t. Biueck

Horse Artillery Battery, Captain Dayidaohn

Biyinon of Field Batteries (Ist and 2nd Heayj, lit,
2nd, and 8rd Ldght Batteries), M^or y. Herget -

Pioneer Company with Light Field Bridge Train,
Captain Brentauo

Sukitary Detachment - • . .

Total Grand Ducal Diyiaion

CoBPfl Abtilubt, Colonel y. Jagemann.

2nd Field Diyision, 9th Field Artilleiy Begiment (8rd
and 4th Heavy, 3rd and 4th I^ht Batteries),
Lieut. -Colonel Collmann

2nd Horse Artillery Batteiy, 9th Field Artillery
Begiment, Captain Kdnigf - - . - .

No. 3 Sanitary Detachment

Total Corps Artillery

Pabt of Colitmks DmsioK, 9th Field Artillery
Begiment, Captain y. Ltittwitz.

Artillery Ammunition Columns, Nos. 1 to 3 ; Infantry
Ammunition Columns, Nos. 1 and 2 - - -

2
2
1

4
4

6
80

24
6

* Owing to wounds replaced by Major Ansehutz.
t Owing to wounds replaced by Ist Lieut. Budolph.

95t

Obasd DvoaJi Axxuvinov GoLVMir, Major

BiokeL

Artill«ry Ammimitioii Ck>ltt]iins, No*. 1 and 2; In*
tentiy Ammunition Columns, Not. 1 and 2 •

Pabt ow 9tb TsAor Battaliov, Major CKflnborg.

Hofpital Dep6t, Hone Depdt, Field Bakery
Column, Conmuaaariat Columna, Noe. 1 to 8 ; Field
Hoqpitala, Noe. 1 to 6 ; Train Eeoort Squadron

Obaitd Dvoal TsAzir Drnsiov, Major Eolb.

Beewre Hoepttal Bepdi, Horee BepAt, Field Batoj
Colimm, Commissariat Columns, Koe. 1 and 2,
Field Hospitals, Noe. 1 to 6, Train Escort Squadron

d
O

xth army corps.

General Commanding: General v. Voigts-Rhetz.

Chief of Staff: LieuL-Colanel v. Caprivi.

Commanding Artillery : Colonel Baron v. d. Becke.

Commanding Engineers and Pioneers : LieuL-Cohnel Cramer.

General Staff: (1) Captain Seebeck; (2) Captain Baron v.
Hoiningen or Heune; (3) Ist Lieut v. Podbielskiy dth
Dragoons,

Adjutants: Captain Baron v. Rosenberg, 4^ Cuirassierf; (2)
Captain v. Lessing, 57th Regiment; (3) Captain v. Willich*
a la suite 9th Lancers*

2nd Engineer Officer : Captain Neumeister, 4^ JEng. Inspection,

Commander of Head-quarter Guard: 1st Lieut, v. Bomstadt,
ISth Lancers,

96t

a
o

19th IXTFAXTUY DinsioN.

Commander : Lieut-General t. Sohwartzkoppan.*
Gtoeral Staff: Major r. Scherff.
Adjutants : (1) Captain Eg^ling, 6th Lancers ; (2)
let Lieut, r. Bernuth Ist, 16th Begiment.

87th lirviVTBT Bbioidb : Colonel Lehmann.

th Begiment, Colonel Baron t. Ljnoker f -
91it Begiment, Lieut.-Colonel r. Hagen •>

88tb Ikvavtbt Bbigasb ; Major-General t. Wedell.

16th Begiment, Colonel Hahn r. Dorsche ( - -
57th Begiment, Colonel t. Cranach • - - .

9th Draffoons, Lieut.-Colonel Count t. Hardenberg §

l8t Field DiTision, 10th F. A. Begiment (Ist and 2nd

heavy, Ist and 2nd Ught batterie*), Lieut.-Colonel

Schaumann

Ist Field Pioneer Company, with light field bridge

train. Captain Eleist

Srd Field Pioneer Company, Captain lindow -
No. 1 Sanitary Detachment

§ s

8
8

Total 19th Infantry Diyiaion

20th lirPANTBT BiTIBIOK.

Commander, Major- General t. £raatz-Ko8ohlau.
General Staff, Captain Baron t. Willisen.
Adjutants : (1) Captain t. Schenckendorff, 8rd

HuBsars ; (2) 1st Lieut. Baron t. Elyerfeldt or r.

Bererforde- Werries, 2nd Grenadiers of the Gnard.

89th IzrpAiTTBY BBiaADE: Major-General t.

Woyna.

1
1

66th Begiment, Colonel t. Block
79th Begiment, Colonel t. Yalentini^

40th Ikfaittby BBiaADS: Major-Gteneral t.

Diiingshofen.

17th Begiment, Colonel r. Ehrenberg
92nd Begiment, Colonel Haberland -

8
3

* Owing to sickness replaced by Major-General t. Woyna.

t „ wounds „ Lieut.- Colonel t. Mutins.

% „ „ „ Lieut.-Colonel Sannow.

§ „ sickness „ Major t. d. Decken.

II Beplaced by Colonel t. Yalentini.

% Beplaced by Lieut.-Colonel t. Boltemstem.

97t

lOth Bifle Battalion, Major Bimin t. Pnjchowikj
16th DragooiM, Lieui.-Coioiiel t. Waldow
2iid Field Diyinon, 10th F. A. Regiment (8rd and 4th
Heavy, 3rd and 4th Light Batteriei), Major

Kranae

^d Field Pioneer Companj with entrenching tool

oolusiu, Captain Meyer

No. 2 Sanitazy Petachment

Total of 20th In£antrj DiTiaiou-

00BP8 Abtxllibt : Colonel Baron t. d. Golti.

(1st and

H. Jl BiTinon 10th F. ArtilUvT _
8rd H. A. Batteriee), Major KOrb^

8rd F. Diyiiion 10th F, Aztilleiy Begiment (5th and
6th Heavy, 5th and 6th Light Batteries), Lieut-
Colonel Cotta • - - - - - .

Ko. S Sanitazy Detadmient

I
.2 i

Total of Cozps ArtiUeiy

CoLUiorg DzYiBiov 10th F. A. Begiment, Major

Straokerjan.

AxtiUexy Ammimition Columns Noe. 1 to 5 ; Infantiy
Ammnnition Columns, Nos. 1 to 4.

10th Tbazv Battauov : Major Tom Berge tu

Heirendorff*

Beserre Hospital Bep^t, Horse Ben^ Field Bakeiy
Columns, Commissariat Columns if os. 1 to 5, Field
Hospitals Nos. 1 to 12, Train Escort Squadron.

In Catalbt Btrniov.

Commander : Lieut.-General t. Hartmann.

General Staff : Major t. Saldeni.

Adjutants: (1) Captain Baron t. Eickstedt-Peters-
waldt, from CayaliT of 84th Beserre Landwehr
Battalion ; (2) 2nd Lieut. Count zu Eulenberg, 1st
Dragoons of the G-uard.

IBT Catalbt Bbxoadb : Major-Qeneral t. Lflderits.

2nd Cuirassiers, Colonel t. Pfuhl - • . .
4th Lancers, L^eut. -Colonel t. Badecke • . •
9th Lancers, L ieut.-Colonel t. Eleist f • . .

12
24

4
4
4

• Beplaoed, owing to sickness, by Major Bibbentrop.

t Beplaced, owing to sickness, by Major Count Wengersky.

98t

2kd Gatalet Buoadb: ICajoT-Qenenl Baumgirth.

8rd CmraMien, Colonel t. Winterfeld

8th Lanoera, Colonel r. Below

12th L«noen, Lieut.-Colonel t. Roienberg

Ist H. A. Batteij let A. C, Captain t. Selle •

A section of the 8rd Sanitary Detachment of Ist A. C.

Part of a Commisiariat Column of Ilnd A. C. •

Total of Iflt Caraliy BiTinon

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the Detachment under the command of The Grand Dnke of

Mecklenbnrg-Schwerin.

(15th November, 1870.)

Commander-in-Chief : General H. R. H. the Grand Duke
Frederick Francis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

PeTBonal Adjutants: (1) Major Baron v. Nettlebladt; (2)

Captain v. Schroetter.
Chief of the Staff : Colonel v. Krenski.
Commanding Artillery : Lieut.-Colonel Wiebe (temp.).
Commanding Engineers and Pioneers : Colonel Braun.*
General Stoff*: (1) Major Strempel; (2) Captain Count t.

Schliefien; (3) Captain v. Vietinghoffi 9th Artillery Brigade.
Adjutants: (1) Captain am Erde, l^th Regiment; (2) Captain

V. Leithold, a la euite 8ih B. G. Grenadiers; (3 Captain v.

Kleist h la suite 4th Dragoons ; (4) 1st Lieut, v. Kotze, from

Reserve of Gardes du Corps Regiment.
Commandant of Head-quarters : Captain v. Thadden, from

Landwehr of 2nd BaUalion 1st Guard Landwehr Regiment.

present at head-quarters.

General H.S.H. Duke Ernest of Saxe-Altenburg.
Caftain H.R.H. THE Hereditary Grand Duke Frederick

Francis of Mecklexburg-Schwkrin.

2nd Lieutenant and Personal Adjutant of the Duke of Saxe-
Altenburg, Count V. Beust.

* Being otherwise emplojed was replaced by Major Schumann.

99t

SUMMABY OF FORCES.
1ft B*m. A. C. •• 27 bftttaliom, 16 sqnadrom, 20 bfttteriM (118 gum), 8 pton. ooi.

17th Inf. Dim. . . 13
22nd „ ..12
2nd Cay. Dim... —
4th „ ., -
6th „ .. ^
6th „ .. -

it
it

19
1*

12
4
24
24
34
20

6
6
2
2
2
1

(36 gum). 1 „
(36 gum), 2 „
(12 gum) —
(12 gum) —
(12 gum) —
( 6 gum) —

Total, 52 btti

i 184 iquadiom 89 ha

ttazifl

■ (282 gum) 6 pion.

1st Bayabun Army C!orfs.

Army Corps Commandant : General Baron v. d. Tann-Rath-

samhausen.

Chief of General Staff: Colonel ▼. Heinleth.

Commanding Field Artilley : Major-General v. Malais^.

Commanding Engineers : Lieut.^ Colonel Riem.

General Staff: (1) Major ▼. Parseval ; (2) Captain Helvig.

Adjut€knts : (1) Captain Baron v. Steinling ; (2) Captain Baron v.

Aflch.
Officers of the Topographical Bureau : Captain Diirr ; (2) Captain

Schumacher, 3rd Kegiment,
Commandant of Head-quarters: Captain Griinberger, B. G.

BegimefUm

•

18T IirVAlTTBT DrVTBIOV.

Commander : Lieut.-Genend t. Stephan.

Qenenl Staff: (1) Iiient.-Cobnel Orff ; (2) Major t.

Safferling.

■

Adintaata: 0) Captain Waagen;* (2) lat Lieut
Bacon t. Roman.

Offioert of Engineen: (1) Captain Haid; (2) lit

Lieut Baron t. Freyberg.

l8T Iktaittbt Bbioidb : Major-General t. Dietl.

General Staff t Captain Anntwurm.

Body Guard ^giment, Colonel t. T&uflenbach

Itt Kegiment, Colonel T. Heckelf - • - -

—

-»

2nd Rifle BattaUon, Major t. Yallade t

"■" ■■"

•^

* Owing to sickness replaced by 1st Lieut. Baron t. Schleich.
t Command held until arriTal by Major Daffenreither.
X Owing to wounds replaced by Bli^r Wirthmann.

;

lOOJ

2nd IsrwAXTtLY BBiaiDB : ICajor-Genend t. OtS.

GtenmL Staff: Captain t. Bvaimmtlhl.
2nd Regiment, Colonel Baron t. d. Taxm - - -
11th Regiment, Colonel t. Schmidt • - . -
4th Rifle Battalion, Mi^or Reaehreiter f •

9th Rifle Battalion, Lieut.-Colonel Baron t. MaMen-

bachj

8rd Cherauzlegen, Colonel Baron Angiut t. Leonrod

Artillery Division (let 4-pr., 8rd 4-pr., 0th 6-pr., 7th

6-pr. hatteries, Ist .Ajtillery Regiment), Lieut.-

Ccdonel T. Yollmar

Ammunition Column (1ft Ardllerj Regiment) -

let Sanitary Company

Commissariat Diyision No. 1

Field Hospital No. 9

'A3

8
2
1

Total Ist Infantry DiTision

SlTD IirVAVTBT DiTIflZON.

Commander : Lieut.-Gtoeral t. Mai11inger.§
General Staff : (1) Lieut.-Colonel t. Muck ; (2) Mi^or

KriebeL
Adjutants : (1) Captain Suler-Chelpxn ; (2) let Lieut.

T. Regemann.
E^eer Officers: (1) Captain KOrbling; (2) 1st

8XD Invaittbt BBiaASB: Major-Genexal Roth.

Gtenml Staff : Captain t. Xylander.

8rd Regiment, Colonel Schuch

12th Regiment, Colonel t. Naniss . - - -
Ut Rifle Battalion, Major Wizthmann II -

4th Iotaittbt BsiaiSE : Major>(}eneral Baron t.
d. Tann-Rathsamhausen.

General Staff : Captain Eppler.

10th Regiment, Colonel Baron t. GnttenberelT

18th Regiment, Colonel Count t. Tsenburg-Philippe -

eich

7tfa Rifle Battalion, Li0ut.-Colonel Schultheias ** •

4 24

8
8
1

8
1

• Command held until arriyal by Colonel Count t. Leublflng.
t Owing to sickness replaced by Captain W6hr.
t Owing to sickness replaced by Captain Reitter.
§ Conmiand held until arrival by Major-General Schumacher.
II Command hdd until arriral by its prerious Commander, Colonel v. Schmidt.
% Owing to wounds replaced by ^eut. -Colonel Count v. Joner.
*• Owing to sickness replaced by Captain Hoderlein.

101$

a
o

4th CheTauxle|ren, Colonel Baron Carl t. Leonrod -
Artilleiy Dirinon (2nd 4-pr., 4th 4-pr., 6th 6-pp., 8th
6-pr., Ist Aitilleiy Begiment), ICajor t. MuMinan.
Ammunition Column (Ist Artilleiy Regiment)-

4th Sanitary Company

2nd Commiflsariat Diylaion

No. 2 Field Hoepital

Total 2nd Infantry Diyiaion

CuiBASBiBS BmoASB : MaJoT-Genexal t. l^ioioh.

Genenl Staff, Captain Count t. Tattenbach.
Ist Cuirassiers, Colonel Feichtmayr • • • .
2nd Cuirassiers, Colonel Baumiiller ....
1st H. A. Battery drd Artillery Begiment, Captain
Baton T. Lepel

Total Cuirastier Brigade -

BsBBSTX Abtzllsbt Ditibion : Colonel Bronxetti.

1st DiTision (2nd H. A. 3rd 6-pr., 4th 6-pr. Sid
Artillery Regiment), Major Gramioh ...

2nd Diyision (5th ai d 6th &>pr. batteries Srd Artillery
Kegiment), Major Daffner

Srd Division (7th and 8th 6-pr. batterisa Srd Artillery
Beciment), Major t. Will

4th Sirision (9th 6-pr. battery 1st Artillery Regi-
ment, 10th 6-pr. battery 4th Artillery Regiment,
11th (mitrailleuse)* batteiy 1st Artillery Begiment,
12th 12-pr. battery Srd Artillery Segment), Mi^or
Baron t. Schleitheim

Ammunition Column 1st Artillery Regiment •

Total Artillery Reserre

1st Field Engineer Diyision (3 Field Engineer
Companiesjt with 2 Pioneer equipments, 8 bridge
equipments, and 1 field telegraph equipment),
Major Slaudaeher '

Main Ammunition Column, Srd Artillery Regiment,
Major Minges .•••'•••

Ko. 6 Commissariat Diyision

Nos. 6, 10, and 11 Field Hospitals - • • .

4
4

18
12
12

* This battery — 4 guns — was returned on the 2l8t Noyember to the Ilnd
Bnrarian Corps as untcryiceable for the field.

t The 1st and 2iid Field Engineer Companies, with 2 Pioneer Equipments, were
with the Ilnd Bavarian Corps.

I02t

17TEL I57A17TBT DmSIOK.

Conmumder : Lteat.*€h6n6ral r. Sohimmdmann.^
Ghmeral Staff : Major Fiioher.
Adjutants : (1) Gaptain t. Bolluseck, Ist Eng* In-
spection; (2) lit lieut. Livonius, 76tb £egi-
mont.

88bd IHTAITTBT Bbioabe ; Major-Genend Barony.

KottwitZa

75tb Begiment, Lieat.*Colon6l t. d. Oiton

76th Begiment, Colonel t. Neumann ...

34Ta IKFAKTBT BBiaADB : (Qrond Ducal Mecklen-
burg) Colonel Y. Aiantenffel.

89th Grenadiers, Colonel t. Eleist ....
90th Fusilien,t Cobnel Dejanicz t. Gliszczynskl

14th Bifle Battalion, Major t. Gaza

17iH Catalby BBiaAi>£ : Major-CFeuci*al t. Bauch.

17th Dragoons,t Colonel t. Eahlden-
18th Dragoons, Lieut.-Colonel t. Bathenow
11th Luicers, Colond Count August zu Solms-
Wildrafela

8rd ]4 ield DiTision (5th and 6th Hcay, 6th and 6th
light Batteries), and Ist and 8rd Horse Artillery
Batteries, 9th Field Artillery Begimont, Mojor
£ossel

Ist Field Pioneer Company mth light field bridge
train, Captain Lilio

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

Anununition Columns Nos. 4 and 5, Infantry Aniniu-
iiitioii Coliunns Nos. 3 and 4 (from 9th F. A.
Begiment)

From 0th Train Battalion : Horse Depot, Field

Bakery Column, Commissariat Columns Nos. 1, -1,
and 5, Field Hospitals Nos. 7 to 9 - • - —

8
8

3
3

•a o

Totol of I7th Infantry Division

* Owing to sickness relieved from the IGth Norembcr by Lieut .-General v.
TresckoTT.

t The 2ud Battalion was on the march to join the Division from Toul between
the IStli November ond 8th December.

X Joined the Brigade on the 27th November, after being struck off the command
of the Government-General of Beims (See Part II.. Appendix LXXII.).

lost

22nd Infaktbt BiTisioir.

Commander : Major-G-cnoml r. Wittich.
General Staff : Major t. HoUeben.
Adiutantfl : (1) Captain Count t. Schlippenbach, 5th
Draj(oonB i (2) lit Liout. t. Kloiflt, 83rd Bogimcut.

Present at Head-quarters.
Qeneral H.S.H. Duko Gkorgo of Saxe-Meiningcn-

Hildburghausen.
Adjutants : Colonel Boron r. Egloffstein ; (2) ICajor

T. EngeL

43bd Ikfaktbt Bbioadb : Colonel t. £ontzki.

32nd Regiment, Colonel t. FOrster * - -
95th Segment, Colonel t. Beckedorff f -

44th' ISTJiXTRY BBiaADB: Major-General t.

Schkopp.J

83rd Bi^giment, Colonel Marschall t. Bicberstcin § -

04th Eegiment, Liout.-Colonel v. Fallmenstein

(temp.) II

13th Hussars, Lieut. -Colonel v. Henduck -

2nd Field Dirision (drd and 4th heayj, 3rd and 41 h

light batteries), 5th and (th light batteries 11th

F. A. Regiment, Major v. Uslar - - - -
Ist Field Pioneer Company, iK*ith light field bridge

train, Captain t. Holly uud Poniontzietz
3rd Fi^d Pioneer Company, Ist Lieut, v. Heemskerk

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

From the Columns Division of 11th F. A. Regiment :

Artillery Ammunition Columns Xos. 2, 3, end 5 ;

Infantry Ammunition Columns Nos. 1 nnd 3
From llcssian Train Battalion: Commissarist

Columns Nos. 2 and 4, Field Hospitals I^'os. 5

and 9

Total of 22nd Infantry Division -

c
o

8
3

3
3

t3
QQ

1
1

* Conmianded the 41st Infantry Brigade, and was replaced by Liout.-Cobncl
▼. Zaoha.

t Owing to wounds replaced by Major r Conring.

t Commanded the 2l8t Infantry Diyision, and was succeeded by Colonel
Marschall t. Bieberst«in.

§ Replaced by M%jor y. Schorlemmer.

il Replaced until arrival by tne Senior Field OfBcer.

R 2

104$

2vi> Catalbt BnmiOK.

Commander: Lieut.-Geiieral Count zu Stolberg-

Wemifforodc.
General Staff : Captain Eihler.
Adjutant : Captain Count t. Ballettrem, lit B. G.

Cuinflaten; (2) 1st Lieut, t. Holwade, 6tb

Huaaan.

8bd Catilbt Bbioase : Major^Geneval t. Colomb.

lat B. G-. Cuiraaaiert, Colonel t. Oppen . • .
2nd Lanoera, Lieut.-Colonel Bode • - • •

4ts Cavaijit Bbigadb: Major-Cbneral Baron t.

Baniekow.

1st Bodj Quard Huaaara, Colonel v. Hanatein •
5th Hnaaari,'X>iettt.-Colonel Baron t. Salmuth •

f^TH Catalbt Bbxqasb : Mfyor-Genenil t. Baum*

bach.

4th Huaaars, Major t. Kriegcr ....

6th Huaaars, lieut.-Colonel y. GhneTenitz ...

Ist Horse Artillery Battery, Ilnd Army Corps,
Captain t. Ekensteen

8rd Horse Artillery Battery, Ylth Army Oorpa,
Captain Weltz

1 Commiaaariat Column and 1 Field Hospital of the
Vlth Army Corps

Total of 2nd Carabry DiTiaion

4th Catalbt Ditisiox.

Commander: General H.R.n. Pnnco Albreoht of

Prussia ^Elder).
Personal Adjutants: (1) Major t. Grodzki, 8rd

Hussars ; (2) Major Hogen, 1st Dragoons.
General Staff, Major t. Verscn.
Adjutants : (1) Captuiu t. Treskow, 7th Hussars ;

(2) 1st laeul. r, Bachmayr, 14th Huaaars.

Present at Hcad-Quartcrii.

2nd Lieut. H.S.H. The ITci*editary Prince of Saze-

Meiningen •!] ildbur^lmu^r 11 .
MiUtary GoTemor, Captain v. Baron Schleinitz,* 2nd

Foot* Guards.

c
o

£
1

o S

S(3

4
4

6
6

lOot

8th Catalbt B&igads : Major-Gkoend t. Hont-

hciin.

5tlL Cuimstien, Lieat.-Colonel t. Arentsohildt •
10th Lanoen, Colonel Baxon y. Bamekow

9th Catalbt Bbioadb : Major-Qennal r.

Benhardi.

Itt Lancers,* Colonel t. Beekow
6th Lancers, Major t. Knoblooh

IOtk Cataibt BaiaADB : Major-General r. Erosigk.

5ih Dragoons, Colonel Wright ....

2nd Body Quard Hussars, Colonel r. Schauroth

1st Horse ArtUlerr Battery., Yth Army Corps, Gap-
tain T. Mantenfllel or Zoegen ....

2nd Horse Artillery Battery, Xlth Army Coxps,
Major Baron t. Schlotheim

1 Commissariat Colmnn of Yth Army Com

1 Section of a Sanitary Detachment of Sl\
Corps

Total of 4th CaTalry Diyision

[th Army

GtK CATAI.BT DlTIBIOy.

Commander : Lieut.>G«neral t. Bheinbaben.
General Staff : Captain t. Heister, 10th Hussars.
Adjutants: (1) Captain t. dem Knesebeck, 12th

Hussars ; (2) 1st Lieut, t. Zansen or y. d. Osten,

18th Lancers.

llTH Catixbt Bbioadb : Major-General t. Barby.

4th Cuirassiers, Colonel t. Amim •
13th Lancers, Major t. Rosenberg (temp.)
19th Dragoons, Colonel T. Trotha -

12th Catalbt Bbigase: Major-General r. Brcdow.

7th Cuirassiers^t Lieut.-Colonel t. Lorisch

16th Lancers,t Major v. d. Dollen - - - -

13th Dragoons,t Colonel v. Brauchitsch -

a
o

4
4

3
3
4

6
6

• The 1st and 8rd squadrons were detached to Sedan and Versailles respecilTcl y
t After the 17th August hod re-formed two and afterwards three squadrons.
J One squadron— the 4th— was with the Guard Londwehr Dirision.

lOfiJ

IdTH Catalbt Bbiojde : Major-Goncral v. Redern.

10th Hiuian, Colonel r. Weiso . - . .

11th Uussars, Lieut.-Colond Baron t. EUer-Ebentcin

17th Ilassan, Lieut .•Colonel v. Rauch, Prussian

Army

Ist Hor^HJ ArtillcPT Battery, IVth Army Corps, Cap-
tain Bode

2nd Horse AriillcTT Battery, Xth Army Corps, Cap-
tain Scliirmcr

1 Commissariat Column of IVth Army Cordis •

1 Field Hospital of Xth Army Corps

Total of 6th Carolry DiTiaion

6th Catalbt DrasiOK.

s
^

—

Commander: Lieut -General H.S.H. Duke William

of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.*
General Staff : Major t. SchOnfels.t
Adjutants: (1) Captain t. Treskow, 15th Lancers;

(2) Captain t. Usedom, 1st Body Guard Hussars.

14TII Cayalby Bbxgads : Major-General t. Sehmidt.J

Gth Cuiraasiers, Lieut.-Colonel Count zu LTnar§

3rd Lancers, Colonel Count t. d. Groet>enj|

15th Lancers, Colonel t. AlTensleben^ ...

ISrn Catalbt Bbxgade : Major-General r. Bauch.**

drd Hussars, Major r. Haenlein (temp.) - - -
16th Hussars, Major Baron t. Heintzo . . -

2nd Horse Artillery Battery, Ilird Army Corps,
Captain Wittstock - - - - * -

1 Commissariat Column and 1 Field Hospital of
Ilird Army Corj^s

4
4
4

4
4

Total of Cth Caralry BiTision

— ! 20

'£6

G
(5

• Owing to sickness replaced by Major-General t. Sclmiid( .

t Owing to wounds replaced by Captain t. Merckel.

j Succeeded by Licut.-Coloncl Count zu Lynar.

§ Succeeded by Major t. Hesberg.

II Beplaced by Major v. Mollendorif.
^ Owing to wounds replaced by Major t. Westemhageii.
*• Owing to wounds replaced by Colonel Count t. d. Grocboii.

107t

APPENDIX XCIII.

Return op Casualties in the IInd Army and in the Grand Duke op

Mecklenburg's Detachment.

(1st November to 5tli December, 1870.)

Staff and Begfment.

Killed

or Died of

Woonds.

Wounded.

Missing.

Total

Army Corps.

■

•

4th OftT. Dim..

22nd Inf. Dim.
ith Car. Dim.

fttli CftT. Dim.

6th CaT. Dim.

4th CtT. Dim.

4th Car. Dim.
Cth Cat. Dim.

Illnl -
4th Car. Dim.
5th Car. Dim.

4th Car. Dim.

IXth -
4th Car. Dim.
Gth Cay. Dir.

4th Cay. Dim.
Gth Cay. Dim-

4th Car. Dim.

I St Cay. Dim.
Qth Car. Dim.

2nd ITorember.
CttaDracooni-

3rd Noremh«r.

94th Regiment

lOth Lancers ....

2nd fiod7 Guard Husuis -

10th Hussars ....

nth Hussars ....

3rdHussan • . . .

4th Korember.
3rd Dragoons ....

5th Morember.

Cth Lancers ....
2nd Body Gnard Hussars -

6th Norcmbcr.

IstLanoers ....
Gth Cuirassiers

7th Korembcr.

8th Body Guard Grenadiers •

2nd Dragoons ^ . .

Gth Lancers ....

5th Dragoons - ...

13th Lancers - . - -

9th Norcmber.
Gth Lancers ....

llthKorember.

l9t Hcary and Ist Light Batteries -
&th Cuirassiers

I2ih Korembcr.

oth Dragoons .

2nd Body Guard Hussars

Cth Cuirassien

ISthKorcmber.

5th Coirassicrs

lOth Lancers ....

6th Dragoons -

14th Norember.

4th Lancers ....
I3th Lancers ....

2 1

1 I

» 1
1

t
1

t
^ 1

1 1

I i
O

1
1

3 i

2 1

1
n

•>

1
5

1
1

4
1

• 1

1
1

1
•»

4
o

2
•»

M
1

1
1

1
•1

1
1
3

1
•)

2
2

2
1
1

42
3

"ft
2

1
2

2
2

I
•t

m
<•
1

2
•>

2
2

108 J

Aimj Corps.

6th Car. DiTn.
Gth Cat. Dim.

Xth

17th Inf. IMtn.
Itt Car. Dim.
4th Car. Dim.
5th Car. Dim.
Gth Cut. Dim.

lit Cat. DiTn.

4th Cat. Dim.
Ath Cat. Dim.
Gth Cat. DiTn.

Xth

J 7th Inf. DiTn.

Staff and Bagimcnt.

KiUcd

or Died of

Wounds.

Gd.lAnd.Dim.
lit Cat. DiTn.
4th Cat. Divn.
&th Cat. Dim.

Gth Cat. Dim.

nird -

Xth

17th Inf. Dim.

2-2Dd Inf. Dim.

1st Bat.

1st Cat. Dim.

2nd Car. Dim.
4th Cav. Divn.

Illrd -
IXrh -
22nd Inf. Dim.
1st Cav. Divn.

4tli CaT. Dim.

ll'nl

IXwh

Xth

lOthHossArs •
UthHiusArs •
Gth Cuirassiers

16th KoTemher.

9th Dragoons -
1 1th Lancers -
3rd Cuirassiers
1st Lanoen •
ISthLanoers •
Ird Lancers •
16tb Hussars -

16th KoTunber.

Srd Coirusiers
8di Lancers •
lOthLAttcers •
11th Hussars •
ICtb Hussars -

17th KoTember.

9th Draftooni •

76th Reirimcnt

76th Regiment

89th Grenadiers

14th Bifle BatuUon

18th Dracootts

11th Lancers -

Gth HeaT7 and Srd H. A. Batteries

2nd Oren. GuArd LAnd. Befriment

Srd Cuirasmers

6th Dragoons -

ISthLanoers -

16th Lancers -

nth Hussars -

6th Cuirassiers

IGthHoasars •

18th NoTcnbor.

2nd Dragoons

67th Regiment

14th Rifle Battalion -

1 8th Dragoons

S2nd Regiment

96th Reffiroent

83rd Regiment

94th Regiment

4th Rifle Battalion -

iSth Regiment

9th Lancers -

I'ith Lancers -

l<t Itody (iuarJ llusears

lOlh l^ancers -

6th Uragouiis •

19th Norcmbcr.

12th Dragoon*

?nd Uody (iiiarit Chevnuxlogcrs

IstFiilU Pioneer Company -

Hth Lanccrf -

I'Jlh Lancer? - - -

lOih Lancers -

1
2

1
1

I
6

Wounded.

1
1
2

! 1

2Cth KoTemtcr

an! Rife Battalion -
IJth l>rac^Krni
2nd Drotroon<
Cliianl Cl-.cvnuxlcpcrs
Ulst Regiment

1
2

2
2

Mteing.

2
2
7

14
2
5

1
S
1

11
1

4 : —

1 I 3

— I 2

1 ! —

4
6

Total.

1 —

1
2

1
2
2

3
1

•>

1
1

2
2

1 I —

1
2

<
1

2
2
2

1
2

8
1
2

2
8

7
20
2
6
2
2

2
2
2
]
6
8
1
S6
8
7
S
1

1
I
6

1
2
1

1
2
1
1
2

2
1
1
8

2
2

2
A
2

4
1

I ~

1 ; 1

ill

G > —
1

3 i 4

1 4

1 —

109t

Killed

or Died of

Wounds.

Wounded.

MlAsng.

Total.

AnDj Oorpi*

Stair and fiogiment.

•

..,

•

ITUi Inf. I>lTn.
lit Cat. DiTn.

4Ui Car. DIth.
6tlk CaT. Divn.

nth Inf. Dim.
22ad Inf. Dim.

btBAT. •

4Ui CftT. Dim.
Oth CaT. Dim.

nth Inf. Dim.
MBar. -

1st Car. Dim.
2nd Car. Dim.
4th Car. Dim.
Gih Cav. Dim.

4Ui Car. Dim,

Illnl

IXth - •

Xth • . -

lit Car. Dim.
2nd Car. Dim.
4tli Car. Dim.

18th Dragoons
8th Lancers -
12thLancen •
IstLanoen •
3rd Lanoen •
lOthLanoen •

21it Noramber.

Staff SSrdlnbntry Brigade •

76th Kegimwit

90th KiuiUen

14th Rifle Battalion •

18th Dragoons

S2nd Regiment

95th Begimant

83rd Regiment

18th Hussars -

8rd Heary Battery .

1st Field Pioneer Company

2nd Rifle BattaUon -

2nd BattaUon 11th Begimenl

9th Rifle Battalion -

Irt Rifle Battalion •

7th Rifle BattaUon -
6th Coirassieit
SrdLanoers
lethUosnrs -

22nl Norember.

90thFasilien -
11th Lancers - - -
1st and 3rd Battalions 2nd B
(with 6ili Cavalry Dirlsloi
Staff Srd Infantry Brigade
12th Rc^inent -
1st Rifle Battalion •
1st Cuirassiers •
9th Lancers
6th Hussars
iBtLanoers ...

* m
m m

i -

m *

egiment

• *

egiment

1
1

4
2

1
17

1
10

1
1
1

4
"2

26
9

19
22

1
2

1
1

"7
1

2
6

1
2

2
9

1
1

1
2

1
1

7
2
1
2
8
28

2
24

8
28

4
6

1
0

1
1

3^
•»

3
3

1
5

"3
1

1
•1

m
1
1

4
1

4
8

1
0

m
1

1
1

"5
2

1
7

3
2

0
12

1
1

"1
3

1
1

2
•>

4
6

•0

9
0

m
1

2
4

I
1
3

37
8

3t
2
4
8
2

1
1

•>

I
1
3
I
I
10

I
"1

111
40

2
3

80
76

3
7

1
3

1
2

2
1

9
•t

ivui nnsBsrs

28rd Kotember.

6th Cuirassiers

10th Lancers ...

2nd Body Ouard Hussars

24th Korember.

20th Regiment

86th Fusiliers •

2nd Dragoons •

6th Heary Battery •

nth Grenadiers

Ouard Cheranxiegen

Body Guard Cherauxlegers

Head-quaners Staff -

67th Regiment

12th Lancers -

Ist Body Ouard Cuirassiers

lOthLaneen -

r AMD

4
1

10
7

1
1
2

Xth - - ■

Staff 87th Infantry Brigade

70aW 1^.A«vlawft*vafr . . >

1
8

7oUI iKgllDOIlb • • -

vise uegiment > . •
9th Dragoons •
2ad Heary and 2nd Ught E
Staff 89th Infantry Brigade

m m

atteries-

18
10

110}

Army Cor|».

Xlk •

1st Bar.

Itt Cat. Dim.
Sod Car. Irim,
4fth Car. DiMi.

OCh Car. Dim. •

Xth

4Ui CaT. Dim. -

Gth Car. Dim. -

Xth - - -
17tli Infy. DiTn.
ZhnA Infy. Ditn.

2nd Car. Dim. -

6Ui Car. Dim. -

4tli Car. Dim. •

Illnl

KiUi.l

I or Diodof

Woiind.«.

I
t —

^mffandRccioK'nt.

. c

1 i

1 £

r*! t •-•

66th B^elBMnt •
79tli Keiriinnit •
Srd Ueary Battery

- I

T oTAL roB nro AGBOEirfB AT Laoos ' 5

25th KoTcmbcr.

12th Besiment

10th Be?iment - - - - -
13tb Henment (with 4th CaTaliy

DtTision •
12th Lancers , - - - -
Ut Bod7 Guard Hoaaan •
Gth Lancers - . - - -

5th Drairoons

?nd Bodr Cinard Ha«an ...
1 St II. A. Battery, Vth Aimy Corps.
Cth Coiiastien

26th Korembcr.

4
1

5Cth Roeimcnt - - -
79th Uecimont - - •
10th Biflc Battalion -
5th Cuirassiers . - •
lOth Lancers ...
1st Lancers . - -
2nd Body Guard Uuiars -
Gth Cniraasiers ...

27th Korembcr.

I 1

57th Repiment -

11th Lancers . . -

83rd Bcgiment ...

ISthUonars .

1st BcNlr Guahl Cnintders

2nd Lancers - . -

Cth Cninusicrs -

28th Korembcr.

5th Coirasaiers
Cth Lanccnt
5th Draj^oons

Battlb or Beauxe la Bolaxbe.

Stnff Mh Infantry DiriHon
6th IVmIv (iunrd Grenadiers •
4atfa Bciiment - - - -

o
'4

J2th Grenadir r*

.VJnd liecinit-ii' -

ord BitJo b.nttalion -

12lh J>rniriK>i!- -

1st Kiiid Division -

24th Bccimcm - - -

Total Illrd Anny Corii«

3
o

2
o

. — I

«»

IXth-

Xth -

I Gnard Chevanxlejrcrs
Body Guard CheTauElcftcrs

I Total IXth Army Corps

76th IJeciment

91st UcCTment
ICth LipxucDt

'10

i - 12
, 2 I 20

Woondcd.

2 15

— Is

— 1

7 . 145 21

1 i I

— 1

1 —

1 . 1

s : —
c —

— 1 . —

]

1 !

} I

— , - . 1

— I I —

— 3 —

and 1
.Staff MirL'Oon

— i 1

I ' r.»

— • 12

— ■ 4

— ' 'i

1 ' 90 1
and I
SuII burgeon

~ 3 I G

2 I 42

5 ' 50

Uiasinsr.

Total.

1 '

i ^

17 t —
I 22 « —
— I 2 ! 1

1 J-

I ' —

1 • —

1 t 1

" i"

5 ♦-

1 i-

12 ! 207 I SG

I r —

— 13 —
3 —

- I 1

— • 1

— I

4
1
3
1
3
5

2 I
I .

— I

10
9
o

4
1

m *

2
3
3
I
2

1
I
1
5
3

- I
2

1 j; —

— 14 —

— 0 5

— 0 G

1 . CO —

2 ■ IIG : 12
and I
Staff Surgeon

— i 1

2 .

— 3

1 i-

r)C j —

7S I 3
I

lilt

Killed

• Died of 1

Wounded. |

Miuing

Total.

Staff and Begiment.

Wounds

•

ArmyCorpf.

•ft

•

■

•

-J

»^

Xth :- -

57th Regiment • ....

—

113

—

S
and

146
nnd

1 Surgeon

Surgeon

9th Dragoons

—

1 M

—

Ist Field Division . . - -

•—

— •

—

Ist Field Pioneer Company

^—

—

^i^^

— "

—

56th Rcftiment- - - t -

147

—

—^

203

79th Regiment - - - : •

—

ICO

—

10th Rifle RatUlion . . - •

— "

^■^

*""

—

^—

—

2nd Field Division . . - -

—

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment •

—

6th Ught Battery . . . -

•■"

—

1st and 3rd H. A. Batteries
Total Xth Anny Corps-

-■■

151

480

3 93

724

143

andl

and 1

Assist. Surgeon

Assist. Surgeoa

1st Car. Divn. •

2nd Cnirassifln

—

....

4thLanoen

—

3rd Cuirassiers

"■"

•^

— •

—

8th Lancers

"■■

^—

—

12th Lancers

•~

•

—

1st H. A. Rattcry Ist Army Corps -
Total 1st Cavalry Division -
Total mssh im nn Battli ot

—

•*"

—

172

533

1103

858

199

Bsaum la Rolavdb

and
1 Staff Surgn.

nnd
1 Assist. Surgn.

nnd
1 Staff Surgn.

29th Kovember.

Illrd- - .

64th Regiment

—

1
o

—

1 3

1 g^

—

nthlnfy.DiTn.
I3t BavairUui -

18th Dragoons

10th Regiment

—

2
14

— .

—

1 3
10

7th Ride Battalion . . - -

^—

— •

—

4th Cbevauzlegert - - - -

—

..i*

—

1st Car. DiTTi. -

3th Lancers

^^*

•■•

■*"

-™

—

12th Lancers

— •

—

4thCBV.DiTn. -

'2nd Body Guard Hossars -

1
5

•.-•

—

•»

^^.

nthCav. Dim. •

3rd Hussars

^^—

16th Hussars

^*"

^^^

^^*

30th Kovember.

Illrd-

48th Regiment

6
3

—

52nd Regiment

<mmm

3rd Rifle Battalion - - - -

^^^

2
3

""•

— "

I2th Dragoons

^^^

— ~

^""

^—

lilt Light Battery . - - -

MiM*

^^■*

—

21th Regiment

3
1

""•

—

64th Regiment

■""

—

Xth - - -

] 6th Regiment- . - - -

^—

57th Regiment

•^^

56th Regiment

^■*

—

79th Regiment

—

9th Dragoons

—

^imm

^■^

^■~

—

ICth Dragoons

— —

— ^

-■■

—

— "

^—

2nd Field Division - - - -

—

a^^m

— ^

— •

—

ITthlnfy.Divn.-

nth Lancers

"■■

MN»

""*

■—

■"*

Ist Car. I>lvn. -

9th Lancers

1 Rt GaT. Divn. -

12th Lancers . - - - -

""•

^^^

~~^

^■^

"""

■■"

Cih Cav. Diwi.

2nd H. A. Battery Ilird Army Corps
lit December.

art

Ilird - -

64th Regiment

—

1
1

—

•

nth Infy. Divn.

18th Dragoons

^■^

*"*

^^^

^■v

^^"*

1st Cay. Dim. -

9lh Lancers

"•

■MM

^^^

12th Lancers

—

-—

"""

"*~

2nd Car. Dim.-

2nd Lancers

■*

1121

An]l7 Corps.

IttBaTmrian

Illril-

IXth- - -
Gth Cav. DiTn. -

IstBsTMlan -

l7Ui Infy. I>ivn.

Killed

or Died, of

Wounds.

Wonndcd.

ScsJT and Bcfflmcnt.

e
if

ENOAOnCBIIT AT ViuiriON.

staff Ist Infantrj Division

Body Gnard Boj^ment ...

1st and 2nd Battalions 1st Refiraent

2nd Bifle Battalion ....

2nd BefTiment

lit and 2nd Battalions llthBegtment

4th Rifle Battalion ....

9th Rifle Battalion . . . .

8rd CheTanxleffers . . . -

Artillery Dirision, 1st Infantry Dlri.
sion. from 1st Artillery Regiment •

18th Regiment

4th Chcvanxlcjrcrs ....

Artillery Division, 2nd Infantry Divi.
sion« from 1st Artillery Regiment

1st Cnirassiers

2nd Cnlrmssiers - ....

Renonre ArtiUory DirisioD, 8rd Artil-
lery Regiment

Total rom tbs xxoaocmbit at i

VllUEPION

2nd December.

2
8

Missing.

Total.

•»

13
20
19

1 I

& !

3
1

8
10

48th Rciriment -
12th Grcnadient-
8rd Rifle Battalion
2nd Lifrht Battery
6th Dragoons •
3rd Lancers

114

•I

7rt

121
89
4G

123
— 7
1 19

22
1

20
60
2
81
81

29 I 581

Battlb of Loiomr-PourmT.

Staff 1st Infantry Division

Body Guard Rcf^ent . . .

1st and 2nd Battalions Ist Regiment

2nd Rifle Battalion - . - .

2nd Regiment . . . . .

1st and 2nd BattaUons 11th Regt. -

4th Rifle Battalion . . . .

0th Rifle Battalion . • . •

3rd Chcvaoxlegers ....

Artillery DiviMon, 1st Infantry Divi-
sion, from 1st Artillery Regiment

SUff 2nd Infantry Division -

Staff Srd Infantry Brigade

8rd Regiment

I2th Regiment

iKt Rifle Battalion . . . .

10th Ucirimcni

ISthUr^imcnt

7th Kitle Battalion . . . -

4lh ChfvauxlepcrR ....

Artillery Division, 2nd Infantry Divi-
»ion, irom 1st Artillery KegimcDt

1st Cuirasfiers

2nd Cuirassiers

1st II. A. Battery Srd Artillery Regt.

Staff Reserve Artillery DivisiDn

BattcrieR of 1st Artillery Uefriment -

Batteries of Srd Artillery Reinment-

10th Gpr. Batty. 4th .Vrt. Regiment

2
2
1
2
1
2

29
II
80

4
I

8
10
1
8
8

.'» I 19G

I
2
9
1

45
12
10
20
2

Total Ist Bavarian Army Corps '120 284

Staff S3r J Infantry BrigaiU-
75th Regiment -

2
1

9
2

1
6
4

4
2

193
89
50

114
67

151

1
I
7
16
4
4

135

205
2Co
64
HG
94
4:i
9
27

7
12

108

156

188
66

145

61
2

43 ! 894

57
15
25
10

10
37

78 1567

13
37

156

89
and
1 Assist. Sorgn.

89
17
11
13
13

4
2
8
5
6
2

1
1

I 341

2
n

S85
167

71
168

88
181

21
6

104

1
272
899

113
127

60
9

10
44

9
20

1
1

1
2

2 —

4
1

11
22

15
72

9
8

100

2192

291

1
1

129 I
and
1 Assist Snxvn.

ii;;t

Army Corps.

nth iBif. DiT.

22iidlnfy. Dim.

2nd Cat. Dlvn.

4th Car. Dim.

Ilird

Staff and Regiment.

Killed

or Died of

Wounds.

76th Begiment

89th Orenadicn . . . .

OOth Ftuiliers

14tb Itlfle Battalion ....
nthDrai^ooni - - . . .
18th DniKoons - • - . .

1 1th Lancers

3rd Vtold Dirision and Ist and Sid

H. A. Battery IXth Army Corpa
Ist Field Pioneer Company -

Total 17th Intenfcry Dirision

Diritional Staff -
Staff 43rd Infantry Brlgado
32nd Eegiment •
96th Beglment •
83rd Beglment •
94th Eegiment -
13th Hussars •
2nd Field Dirision and 6th and 6th
Light Batteries, Xlch Araiy Corps

1st Field Pioneer Company

Total 22nd Inftmtry Dirision

Staff Srd Caralry Brigade
1st Body Guard Cniraasien •
2nd Lanocrs ....
4th Hussars ....
6th Hussars ....

Total 2nd Cavalry Dirision

rith CuimwiicrB
10th Lancers
1st LiuiccrB

6th Lancers
6th Dragoons

2od Body Quard Hussars

Ist H. A. Battery, Vtli Army Corps
2nd H. A. Battery, XJth Army Con«

Total 4th Caralry Dirision -

Total ron tue Battls or Loiomt
PooriT

Battlb or OaucAMs.

Hril December.

8th Body Otiard Grenadiers
48th Regiment . - .

1
1
3

8i>
50

G
1

3
7

4
37

287

14
34
28
43

131

•>

3
1

Wounded.

6
O

14
3

10
3

1
3

104

17:J

••0

57 136 i67S
and
1 Assist. Surgn

26
1

1 II \ II

- I 6
and
1 Assist. Surgn.

2 11

1 I 1
and

1 Staff Surgeon
Major

143
2

377

2.-I

2
3

and

1 Staff Surgeon

5Ia}or
I Assist. Surgn.

1
G

1
39
II

.-•I

•»

•>•»

348

714
nnd
1 Staff Surgeon

Major
1 /Usist. Surgn.

4
•»

3I:?sing.

^ ■ -

=• i

i"» • —

n I-

— t 5

- ! 1

Total.

S I 3

aa 6

16 I —

48 , -

27 —
1

— : 96

2 20

— I 5

18
4

19
5

294 I 3

163 , —

237 ! 2

144 i —

G ' 17

G ]U

5 - 4

45 j 72

110

1033
and
1 AasiscSurgn.

•>

3
1

2 I 'J.-.

.}» 27

-- 1

nnd

1 Staff Surgeon
1 .\s8ist. Surgn.

146 itiri \:m

:iM«i
1 Assist, burgn

2 21 I —

and
1 Staff Surgeon

— 35 30

and
I Staff Surgeon
1 Assist. Surgn.

128

150

213

604

13
•»

7
67

I
92
42

136

.. 17
II hi
G 12
and
1 Aiisist. Surfni.

"2 I 2 I I

and
1 Staff Surgeon

Major
-I 114

and
1 Staff Surgeon
1 Auist. Surgn.
— 12 7

—I 1 I 14

— I .>12 61

;md
1 Staff Surgeon
1 Assist. Surgn.

1 . —

106

5 I 63
and

1 Staff Surgeon
Major

1 Staff Surgeon

2 .Vssis. Surgns.

201 13938 1713

uiul I
1 Staff Surgeon

Major
1 Staff Surgeon
1 Assist. Surgn.

and
1 Staff Surgeon.

1143

Anny Corpf'

IJlnl

IXUi

Xih

ITtli Infty. Dlv.

Uindlnfiy. Div.

Ut biiv

2nd Cav. Divn.
4ih Cav. Divn.
Cth Cav. Divn.

EUlcd

or Died of

Wounds.

Staff and Bcgiment.

12th Grenadion

&2nd Beirimcnt

8rd Biflo BattaUoD

20th Bcfrimcnt -

asthFuailion -

2ndDraffoonB -

8rd Field AnUlcry Bcffimont

Total nird Army CorpB

86th FusQiera -

84th Befflment -

llthOrenadicn

85ih Iteirlmcnt -

9th Biflo Battalion

6th Dniffoons •

Xo. 1 Sanitary Detachment -

Body Gnard Bciriment - ;

Guard Biflo Battalion

4th Kcfrtmcni - - - -

Body Guard Biflo Battalion -

(juard Chcvauxlcffcrs

Body Guard Chcvauxlcjrcr« -

Hessian Field Artillery Division

Hessian Pioneer Company

Isc and 2nd Field Division and 2nd

U. A. Battery
Xo. 8 Sanitary Detachment -

Total IXth Army Corps

17th Befflmcnt -
92nd Befriment •
16th Drapoons -
3rd Heavy Battery

Total Xth Army Corps

Divisional Staff . . . -

75th Befriment

76th Bepiment

89th Grenadiers ....

00th Fusiliers

17th Dragoons

l&th Dmiiroons

llth Lancers

8rd Field Division and 1st and 8rd
H. A. Batteries IXth Anny Corps
Ist Field Pioneer Company

Total 17ih Infantry Division

l.Uh Hussnrs

'2n\\ Field Division and r»th ond Cih
Liffht Batteries Xlth Army Corj >

Total 2.ind Infantry Division

Srd Battalion Body Gnard Begimcnt
3rd Chevauxlojrors - - " " :
8rd Battalion 3rd Bcgiment - - <

11
3

8
1
1

1
3

1
2
1

4
1
%>

3
14

Total Ist Bavarian Army Corps - i 3

6th Hussars • — •

2nd Body Guanl Hussars - - - —
Gth Cuirassiers - - . . i ~

3rJ Lancers 1

3rd Hussars • —

2iul U. A. Battcryllird Army Corps > —

O
1

1 —

Wounded.

Missinp.

•>

6
. 17

C 80 I 23
and
1 Staff Surgeon

2
10

1
4

II
84

8S
109

1 I —

3
1

Zi
1

2 I

ft
1
4

8
11

— • 1

2S2

3.'t

40
3

3 39 ! 3

11 I —
4

2
•■>

1
1 IJ

3
12

1.-)

I
1

«»

Total.

3
o

2
13

1
39

13
fti

and

1 Staff SnrffOOD

1
1
4

1
8

3
1

149

31
1

850

85
1
2

29
3
7

2
•>

20
1

I 12
' 1
16

i:> I 3

5 (-
1 I G

11 —

G
3

115?

1
Staff and B«glmcnt.

Killed

or Died of

Wounds.

\youided.

Missing.

Total.

iVnny Corpi.

•

•
7)

•

lum

4tli December.

8th Bodf Qaard Qrcnadkn -

48ih Beirimeat

12th Grenadiers . . . <
52nd Befnmcnt . . . •

20th Beirimeat

35th Foailien

14
10

t>
•>

•23

—

3
3

4
4

:)0

•25
3

0
•>

Jim uniijvoui • • - -

Total lUrd Army Ck>iva

Head-qnarten Staff . • • -

36thFuaillen

84thBeglniaBt

Staff 86th IniantryBrlgada -
UthOrenadiera . . - -

85tb Begiment

9th Biile Battalion . - • •

6thDraffooni

lit Field DiTision . . • -
8rd Field Pioneer Company -

Body Ooard Begiment •

4th Begiment

Body Guard Cberaazlegera -
Ileitian Field Artillery Division -

Total IXth Anny Corps

Ilead^qoarters Staff of Grand Dnkc's
Detachment

75th Begiment

76th Begiment

89th Grenadiers - . - •

90thFusiUer8

I4th Rifle Battalion . - • -
18th Dragoons

IXttl* - <

6
o

17
1

1
2

2
3
2

12
T

1
5
1
1

10
3

1
2

72
19

1
3

—

1
7
1
1
10
6

1
8

130

89
20

4
1

15
2
1

8
8

nth Inftr. DiT.

4
3
3
3

4
3
1

1
1

319
1

•20

l
31

<
1

01
o

*»#

G
•t

n-
•M
•jrj
14

3 1

4
7

12
•>

^wa

•»
I

4
3
1

1
1

396

4
30
11

3
1

Iiin Lancers - . - - -

3rd Field Dlrislon and 1st and 3rd

U. A. Batteries JXth Army Corps

—

•^

— ! -

22nd Infty Dir.
iBt Bar. •

Total 17th Infantry DiTision -

95th Begiment

2nd Blfle BattaUon . • - •
2nd Begiment - - ." :
1 St and 2nd Battalions 1 1th Begiment
4th Blfle BattaUon - - - -
9th Bifle Battalion - • - -
8rd Chevaiixlcsccrs - .- " ._.-
Artillery Division 1st Infantry Diri-
ition (from 1st AriUlcry Begiment)

3rd Betriment

iOth Bejriment

13th Bcfrimcnt

7th Blfle Batttlion -
Artillery Division 2nd Inicntry Divi-
sion (from Ist Artillery KcKimcnt)
Bcserve ArtUlery Division (from 3rd
ArtUlery Begiment)

Totallst Baraiian Army Corps -

Ist Body Guard Cuirassiers -
Suff 4th Cavalry BricaUe
1st Body Guard Hussars -

4th Hussars • - - -
Ist H. A. Battery Ilnd Army Corps

• 1

^—

—

1
2
4

•21

11
2

•2

•>
1

•>

ii
1
1

"■•
9
5

21
1
7

1 1 II 1 1 1 1 i 1 II 1 1 1

•1
2

117

1
83

6
•»

112

3-2

10
3

2nd CaT. Dim.

— ^

47
7

8
15

8
3

•204

•20

I
4
3

—

11
3

301

1
28

Total 2nd Cavalry Division

3 : 35

—

AnnyCorpi.

4Ui Car. Divn.

lit Cat. Dirn.
ITtb Inft/. Dir.

116$

Staff and Bcgincnt.

Km«d

or DIM of

Wounds.

Wounded.

C
t

5tli Cair*Mien

10th Lancen • • - - -
Ist Lonccn - . . - -
6th Lonccrs - - . - -
2nd llody Guard Huiaan ...
1 fit II. A. Battery Vth Army Corpf -
2nd 11. A. Battery Xlth Anny Cwps

Total 4th CaTalry'DiTlrion -

Total Battu or Oiuaiit-

— 1

— ' 2

1
2
S

SthLaneen

6th December.
18th Drairoons ....

Total loMcs . - . -

Add loiwcs in Appendix XC •
And the additional lofwes nutalned
by the 6th llunari at Coulniicre

Tulal ImiiieR in the Ilnd Army and
in tlic Urand Duke's Detach
nient (Ist November to 6th
December, IbTO)

— S

81 i 822

I
— ' 2

176

Mining.

4
1
2
2

4
1

18
7

I-

127 11608
17 : 118

808
00

(J98

144 11718

and
1 Staff Surgeon

ILnjor
1 Assist. Suiign.

92 11234
and
1 Staff Suiwrn

Total.

1
2

1ft ^

844

16942
623

706
109

•

14 I1O66

7 I 488

1*; 8

1876 16466 876

and
2 Stair Surycns.
1 Aaalst.Surgn.

167
142

22 11612
and

1 Staff Surgeon

2 Assist. Svgs
1 Intendancc

Oflkial

128

4
2
2
6

1628
and

9
8

6
6

19
11

486
66

18611

:074

1781
Ml

V41 (9696 12072

and
1 Staff Soneon

Malor
8 6«aff Swgna.
4 Assist. SurgB.
lint
Oflcial

* 2ni L'.tut. barun v. TLlrlmann

1171

SuMUART OF Casualties.

Killed

{

»r Died of

Woondad

•

Misiing.

Total.

Woonda.

Staff and BegimenL

•

■1

■

•

■

Staff of Qrand Duke

MBS

Ilird Army Gorpa ...

187

484

628

128

and

2 Staff Surgeona.

2 Staff Surgeons

IXth Army Corps -

154

616

778 143

XthAnnyCorpa -

256

102

815

104

128

1199 209

and

1 Aaaiatant Surgaon

1 Aaaiatant Surgeon

lat Batarian Anny Corpa

577

240

150

2994

279

11 }1027 1 125

and
1 Intendanca OtBdal

223 14598 | 644

and
1 Intendanca Oflldal

nth Infantry DiTlaion •

339

100

54
lAaal

886

and
iatantStti

76
"geon

77 1 1306 1 182

and
1 Aaaiatant Surgeon

22nd Infkntry IMvision •

170

461

...

730

Guard Landwehr DiTiaion -

...

—

—^

.1.

lat Cavalry DiTision

—

2nd Cavalry Division -

112

115

154

275

4Ui Cavalry Diviaion -

109

67 .

141

236

and

IStafl

rSnrireon Major

1 Staff Surgeon

1 SUff Surgeon Major

1 AmL

Slant Surgeon

1 Aaaiatant Surgeon

1 Staff Sunreon

2 Aanstant Surgeons

5th Cavalry Division

—

.—

1»

6tlft Cavalry Divliion

—

Total- . . - -

144

1718

898

375

6465

875

1512

299

541

9695

J072

and

1 Stall

' Surgeon Uajor

2Staf

r Surgeon

1 Staff Surgeon

1 Staff Surgeon Mi^or

lAMii

itant Surgeon

1 Aad

BtantSur

geon

2 Aaaiatant Surgeona

3 Staff Surgeona

4 Aaaiatant Surireona
1 Intendance Official

118J

NoMix.\L Roll of Officers, those Acting ix that Capacttt,

AND of OfFICLVLS KILLED, WOL'XDED, AND MiSSING.

AnriT Coq^s.

Staff and Rop^inient.

lltb NoTcmbcr.

IXtli -

1 Heavy Batterv

12th Xovenibpr.

eth Car. Dir. -

6th Cuirassien

14 th Kovcmber.

Ist Cnv. Dir. -

4th Iiancers

15th November.

Xtli

9th Dntroou* -

4tU Cav. Dim.

Ist Lancers

17th November.

17tli Inf. DiTii.

76th Bremen t

80th Grenadiers

5th Car. DItd.

13th Lancers -

18th November.

lllrd -

2nd Dragoons -

22nd Inf. Div. -

95th Regiment

94th Regiment

2iul Cav. Div. -

1st 15. Guard Dussar.-

Kilhvl. or Died of
Woundii.

Wounded.

(1) 2nd Lt. Proch-

I
now. ;

• (l)2ndLt.v.BQMe.

I (l)2ndLt.v. Levet-

I low,

I (2) 2nd Lieut, y.

Begueiin.

(1) 2ndLt.y.Sehle-

pcU.

(1) 2nd Lt. y. Pies-
sen.

(1) Vice Sprgt.-Maj.
Bommert.

(1) 2nd Lieut, v.
Wedell n.

. I

(1) Ensifimy.Bulotr.

(2) ViccSonrt.-Maj.

Fiirbrineor.
(1) Eusi^i V. Kries.

(1) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Petersen.

(1) Ensign y. Loe-

ben,

(2)VioeSeTgt.-M»j.

Lose.

(1) 2nd Lieut, v.

Platen.

(1) 2nd Lieut, v.

Bruckner.

17th Inf. Div. -

21?t NovciiibtM'.

75111 Redmcnl
90th i'usiliors -

22nd Inf. l)i\. - 83id Ecffimciit

Ist Bavarinn

1st Field I'ionccr
ind liille i>att:iii(>ii -

2nd Datt. llfh Koi;!.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Bcch.

(1) Lieut. Wolker.

(1) Captain Ziegler,

(1) 2ud Lieut, y.

Schuekmann.

(1) Captidu War-

denburg.

(I) Captain Holly

u. Ponientrietz.

(1) Lieut. PoUath.

(2) Baron v. zu
Harmutin^ Barth.

(1) Lt. Deuscher.

not

Army Oorps.

lit BaTBrian -
4th Cay. DIth.

17th Inf. Dir.
1st Bayarian

Illr

DCth

Xth

Itt BaTaiian

Staff and Begiment.

7th Biae Battalion
5th Cuirassiers

22nd Korember.
90th Fusiliers -

2nd Begiment -

24th KoTember.
20th Begiment

6th Heayy Batteiy -

■

Body Guard Che-
yauzlegers

Headquarters Staff

ENaAGEXXKTS AT
LlDOK AITD MAIZISBES.

78th Begiment

Olst Begiment

56th Begiment

70th Begiment

25th Norember.
12th Begiment

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

(1) CapLHoderlein.

(1) 2nd Lt.Schwars.

(1) Ist Lieut. Baron
y. Krauss.

(1) Capt. Bumland.

(2) lstLt.y.Keisen-

berg.

(1) 2nd Lt. K6nig.

(2) yiceSergt.-Maj.

Long.

(1) 2nd Lt. Meyer II.

Wounded.

(1) Major y. Leh-
waldt

(l)yiceSergt.-Maj.
llencke.

(1) 2nd Lt. KOh-

nast.

(2) 2nd Lt. BrO^-
gemann (taken pn-
Boner).

(3) 2nd Lt. Kund«.

(4) 2nd Lt. Schal-

lehn.

(5) 2nd Lt. Putt-
mann (taken pri-
soner).

(6) Ensign y.LepelL

(7) YiceSergt.-Maj.

Mochow.
(1) 2nd Lt. Orebin.
(2)2ndLt.E\ihUng.
(1) Capt. Wcmher.

Lieut. Baron y.
Biedesel.

(1) Ist Lt. T. Kotze,
13th Lancers (or-
derly officer).

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.

L'Estocq.

(2)yiceSerfft.-Maj.

Wiarda.

(1) Captain Wahn.

(2) Ist Lieut, y.

Negeletn.

(3) yicoSergt.-Maj.

Lauenstein.

(1) 1st Lieut, y.
Mikusch-Buchberg.

(2) 2ild Lt. Bock-

holt.

(1) Lieut. Stromer
y. Beichenbach

s 2

120^

Aimr Corps.

Xtli

4tli CaT. DiT.

nird

Xth

Staff and Begiment.

26th NoTomber.
79tli Begiment

10th Biae Battalion -

Ist Lancen

28th Noyember.

Battle of Bbavvb
la bolahpx.

48th Begiment

52nd Begiment
24th Bcjgiment

9l8t Begiment -

16th Begiment

57th Begiment

1st Field Diyision
56th Begiment

Killed, or Died of
WoondB.

(1) 2nd Lt Juneker
T. Oberoonraid I.

(1) Captain Bonden-
hauoen.

(1) 2nd Lt. Kehl I.

(2) Ensign Begener.

(1) 2ndLt.Keahaus.

(1) Vice Sen?t.-Maj.
Brandes.

Woimded.

(1) 2nd Lt. Wahn-

scfaaife.

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.

Loeseeke.

Mitnmg.
Ist lieat. MGUer.

Staff Smgeon Br.

Eltze.

(l)2ndLt.Dreiaing.

(1) Lieut. HaUer.

(2) 2nd Lt. y. Holt-

lendorff.

(1) Capt Mitschke.

(2) 2nd Lt. Kehl II.
(8) 2nd Lt. Wolff L

(4) 2nd Lt. Schra-

der II.

(5) 2nd Lt Fried-

ricbsen.

(l)2ndLt.Marcard.

(2) 2nd Lt. Chris.

toph.

(8)VioeSergfc..Maj.

Opderbeck.

(4) Vice Sergeant

HengBtenbeig.

-Assist. Surgeon Br.

JiideU.

(1) Tice Serg.-Maj.

(1) Col. y. Block.

(2) Capt. y. Mon-

bart n.

(3) 1st Lt. Wolff.

(4) Ist Lt. Jordan I.

(5) 2nd Lt. Ulrich.

(6) 2nd Lt Wcme-

buiv

(7) 2nd Lt Welle?-'

haus.

(8) 2nd Lt Blum-

bach.

(9) EnsignKeppler.

Vice Sergt. - Major
Stdckler.

121}

Armj Corps.

Xth

1st Car. Dim.

IstBaTarian

imd

Xth

1st Car. DiTn.

Ist Bayanan

Staff and Begim«iit.

79th Begiment

3rd H. A. Battery -
2xid Cuirassiers

4th Lanoers
IstH. A. Battery Ist
Army Corps

29th Norember.

10th Begiment
7th Bifle Battalion •

80th NoTember.
48th Begiment

64th Begiment

16th Begiment
57th Begiment
56th Begiment

79th Begiment

1st December.
12th Lanoera •

EirOAaBVBKT AT
VlLLEFIOK.

Staif of Ist Infantry

Division
Body Guard Begt.

EliUedt or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

(1) 2nd Lt. Baron r.
Ledebur.

(1) 2nd Lt. Blanck.

(1)

(1) 1st Lt. Holzner.
1st Lt. Maurer
from 18th Begt.

(1) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Wagner.

(1) 2nd Lieut, if ey.

(1) Captain t. Below
(2)lstLt.Mtinohen.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Bam-
berg.

(1) 1st Lt. T. Szy-

mont»kL

(2)2ndLt.v.Voigt.

(3) 2nd Lieut. Bein-

ecke.

2nd Lt. VoUbrecht.
Ensign Niemeyer.

(1) 2nd Lt. T. Malt-
zahn.

(l)2ndLt.T. deist.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Von-
berg.

(1) Lieut. Qabler.

(1) 1st Lt. Dieck-

stahL

(2) 2nd Lieut Dibe-

lius.

(3) yiceSergt.-Maj.

Schluter.

(1) Captain t. Nats-

mer.

(1) Ensign Baron t.

^chimmelmann II.

(1) Ist Lt. Barop t.
Yietinghoff or

Scheel.

(2) 2nd Lt Efierti.

(1) Ist Lt. Kolbe.

(2) 2nd Lieut, r.

Chrenstein.

(8) YiceSergt.-Maj.

Ludloff.

Vice Sergt. - Majoi
Becl^r.

(1) 2ndLtT.Bran-
neck.

(1) Lieut. - Gen. t.
Stephan.

(1) Captain Mayer.

(2) Lt. Schlederer.

(3) Lt. y. Vincenti.

122J

Armj Corps.

Itt BaTazian

mid

LtBararini)

Staff and Regiment.

lfltand2ndBatto.lst
Kegiment

2nd Bide Battalion
2nd Begiment -

Ist and 2nd Batts.
11th Regiment

9tli Rifle Battalion

Arty. Dim., let Infy.

Dim., from Ist

Arty. Regt.
IZth. Regiment

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

(1) Lieut. Hutter -

(2) Lieut. Waninger

(3) Acting Officer

Bothmayer.

(1) Ist Lt. Yocke

(2) Lieut. Majer

Res. Arty. Divn. 8rd
Artj. ^gt.

(1) IstLt.Hdmer

(2) Lieut. Miiller

(3) Lieut. Mohr

2nd December.
2nd Light Battery

Battle of Loiont-

POUPBT.

Body Guard Regt.

(1) Captain Schdn-

hammer.

(2) Lt. Dompierre -

Wounded.

(1) 1st Lt. Bedall.

(2) Lieut. Schall-

hammer.

(3) Lt. Weissmano.

(4) Lt. Wirthmann.

(5) Lieut. Rix.

(1) 1st Lt. Weiss-

mann.

(2) Lieut. Baron t.

Jeetzc.
(1) Captain Drezel.

(1) Major T. Sauer.

(2) Ist Lieut Ltttfl.

(3) Lt. y. SchmidcL

(4) Lieut. Beutner.

(5) Lt. Palmberger.

(6) Lieut. Meister.

(1) Maj.y. B&umen.

(2) 1st Lt. Schneider.

(3) 1st Lt. Ldhner.

(4) Lt. y. Herrleiu.

(0) Lieut. Ziegleder.

(1) 1st Lt. Steyrer,

(2) 1st Lt. Xeyser.

(3) Lieut. Martin.
(1) Lieut. Ghdtz.

(1) Lt. y. Walter.

(1) Capt. Eberhard.

(2) 1st Lt. Grohe.

(3) Ist Lt. Buckcl.

(1) Major Onunicb.

(2) Captain H.R.H.
Prince Leopold of

Bayaria.

(3) Lieut. Bauer.

(1) 2nd Lt. Schmidt.

(1) Ist Lt. Count y.
Butler-Haimhausen.

(2) 1st Lt. Baron y.

Fcilitzsch.

(3) 1st Lt. Weber.

(4) Lt. Ruepprecht.
J (5) Lt. y. Mangstl.

(6) Lieut. Birzer.

(7) Lt.Auemheimer.

(8) Lieut. Ziegler.

(9) Acting Officer

Meiser.

l>-6t

Armj Corps.

Staff and Regiment.

Ist BaTonan

1st and 2nd Batta.
l:>t Begt.

2nd Rifle Battalion -

2nd Retoment -

1st and 2ud Batts.
11th Regiment

4th Bifle Battalion -

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

(1) Major Daffen- i

reitlier. '

(2) Lieut. Kix

(1) 1st Lt. Hitter v. i
Stubonruuch. I

(1) Lieut. Rauh

(2) Lieut. GeiTier -

9tii Riflo Battalion •

Arty. Dim. 1st Inf.

Divn. (from 1st

Artv. Rcfft.)
Staff 2ud lutv. Divn.
Staff aid iufantrj

Brigade

3rd Regiment -

(1) Capt. Huusner.

(1) Lieut. Schmid •

(2) Lieut. Baron t. i

Kramer. ;

(1) Capt. and Adjt.
Menges.

(1) Colonel Schuch.

(2) Captain Ilcigl -

12th Regiment

(1) Major T. Mayer.

(2) Captain £hme r.

Melchtlial.

(3) Captain Pllaum.

(4) Ist Lt. Schmel-

cher.

(5) Lieut. Winstel •
(()) Lieut. Dcinintjer

(7) Lieut. Barer

(8) Acting Oilicer

Prcsteie.

(9) Acting Oiliccr

Klein.

(I) Capt. T. Dietl.
(li) Lieut. Baunach.

(1) 1st Lt. mibert.

(1) Capt. Xothhaft.

(2) Lieut. Luumer.
{il) Lieut. Ki-ichen-

>IuTirer.
(0 Lt. Scbneidcr.

(5) Lieut. Baron t.

K:»ebeck.
(fi) Lieut. Btlieirer.

(1) 1st Lt. Uarroch.

(2) Lieut. GeTer.
(.<) Lieut. Fo*:»sl.
(4) Lieut. Hacker.

(1) 1st Lieut. Ilof-

bauer.

(2) Lieut. Pauflch.

(3) Lt. T. Zabuesnig.
( I) Lieut. Ptlcger.

(1) Lieut. T. Riedl.

(2) Lt. Strelder.

(1) Acting Officer
Walthcr.

(1) 1st Lieut. Iloag.

(1) 1st Lt. Lohen-

hoffcr, 12th Regt.

(orderly oillcer).

(1) Capt. ' 2::ebmid-

bauer.

(2) 1st Lt. Burou t.
\ udrian- Werburg,

(3) Lieut Baron y.

Pcchmann.

(4) Lieut. Kaiser.
(5; Lieut. Uhland.

(6) Lieut. Krumper.

(7) Acting Omcer

Zahn.

(1) Captain Rosen-

merkeL

(2) 1st Lt. Schlatter.

(3) 1st Lt. T. 8tock-

hammem.

( I) 1st Lt. BrandeL
(.>) 1st Lt. Ritter y.

hschmadel.

((5) 1st Lieut, y.

Sehmid.

(7) 1st Lt. Baron y.

Gudin.

(8) Lieut. Barou y.
Reicblin- Mcldesg.

(0) Lieut. Ferchel.
(10) Lieut. Schrau-
dolph.

(II) Lieut. SirL

124}

Armj Corps.

lat BaTanan

17th Inf. Dim.

Staff and Begiment.

12tli Begiment

Ut Rifle Battalion

10th Regiment

18th Begiment

7th Rifle Battalion -

4th Cheranzlegen -

Artj. Dirn. 2nd Inf.
Pivn (from 1st
Artj. Regt.)

1st H. A. Battery

8rd Art. Begt.
Bes. Art, Dim. : —
Staff (of 8rd Artillery
Begt.)

Of let

Begt.
Of 3rd

Begt.
75th Begiment

Artillery
Artillery

76th Begiment

KiUed, or Died of
Wounds.

(1) Acting Officer
BikrkeL

(1) lieut. Mayer

(2) Lieut. Brust

(1) Lieut. Kalb.

(1) Major y. Hirsch-

feld.

(2) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Borchers.

(l)lstLt.T.Hir8ch-

feld.

(2) 2nd Lieut, t. d.

WoDiie

(3) 2nd Lt. Miiller -

(4) 2nd Lt. Selonke.

Wounded.

(12) Lieut. Wetsch.

(13) Lt. SpUtgerber.

(14) Acting Officer
Bebay y. Ehren-

wiesen.

(15) Actinff Officer

.Kdberlin.

(16) Acting Officer

Schenk.

(1) Captain Baron y.

Pappus.

(2) Captain Baron y.

su Bhein.

(3) Lieut. Count y.

Beigenberg.

(4) Lt. Gullmann.

(1) 1st Lt Kreuxer.

(2) Ist Lieut. Miller.

(3) Ist lieut. Muhl-

baur.

(4) Lieut. Hofbauer.

(1) Ist Lt. Ulmer.

(2) Lieut. Mailer.

(3) Lt. Bamickel.

(4) Lieut. Sp&th.

(5) Lt. 2iinsmeister.

(1) 1st Lt. Eraus.

(2) Lt. Brdmanns-

dorfer.

(1) 1st Lt. Baron y.

Botberg.

(2) Lieut. Baron y.

Gienanth.

(1) Captain y. Bau-

mttller.

(2) Captain Mets.
(8) Lieut. Oftt.

(4) Acting Officer
Schreiber.

(1) Col. Brcmsetti.

(1) lstLt.y.Imhoff.

(1) Lieut.Batzinger.

(1) 2nd Lt. Bome-

mann.

Assistant Surgeon

Dr. Goering.

(1) Col. y. Neumann.

(2) let Lieut, y.

Brauchitsch.

(3) 1st Lieut, y.

Larisch.

(4) 1st Lieut. Gross-

heim.

(5) 1st Lt. Behzem;.

U5t

Annj Corps.

17th Infy. Dir.

22nd Inf. DiTn.

Staff and Begiment.

76th Begiment

89th Begiment

SOthFosilien -

14th Bifle Battalion

11th Lancers -
Srd Field Divn. and

Istand 3rd H.A.

Batterj IXth Armj

Corps
Ist Field Pioneer

Company
Staff 43rd Infantry

Brigade
95th Begiment

Silled, or Died of
Wounds.

(1) Captainn Basse-
wits.

SCapt. T. Bantcau.
2nd Lt. Wede-
hase.
(8) 2nd Lt. T. Hoza-
Badlits.

(4) 2nd Lt. Baspe -

(5) 2nd Lt. Schna-

pauff.

(6) 2nd Lt. Passow.

(7) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Fabricius.

(8) Vice Sergt.'Maj.

Marcus.

(9) Tloe Sergt.-Maj.

Krebs.

(1) 1st Lt. Count T.

Bittberg.

(2) Ensi^ Baron y.

Falkenstein.

(1) 2nd Lt. Baddats.

Wounded.

(1) Col. y. Kontzki

rt.-Maj.
Tender.

(1) Vice Sergt.-Maj.
Pfi "

(6) 1st Lieut. Heise.

(7) 2nd Lieut, y.

Kracht.

(8) 2nd Lieutenant

Biedel.

(9) 2nd Lt. y. Bdhn.

(10) 2nd Lt. Becker.
(ll)yiceSer^.-Maj.

Foelchau.
(12)yiceSer^.-Maj.

Mietzner.
(13)yiceSergt.-MaJ.

(14)yiceSergt.-Maj!
£6rte.

(1) 2nd Lt. Bran-

denburg.

(2) yice 8ergt.-M^.

Lehmejer.

(3) yioe Sergt..MaJ.

Martiensen.

(1) CoL Dejanics y.

Glisicsjnski.

(2) Captain y. Leh-

sten*

(3) Capt. y. Schults

II.

(4) 1st Lieut, y.

Wrochem I.

(5) 2nd Lt. y. Wick.

(6) 2nd Lieut San.
(7)2ndLt. Dencker.

(8) yice Sergt.-Maj.

Nordenskidla.

(9) yiceSerj?t.-Maj.

Wesskalnyss.

(10)yiceSergt.-Maj.

Weber.

(1) Capt. y. Usedom.

(2) 2nd Lieut, y.

Oldershausen.
(8) 2nd Lieut, y.
Leyetsow.
(1) 2nd Lt. Mots.

(1) Captain Schuls.

(2) 2nd Lt. Thewalt.

(3) 2nd Lt. Femo.

(1) 1st Lt Lindow.

(1) Ist Lieut, y.

Gossler.

(2)2ndLt. y.iSchra-

bisoh.

(3) 2ndLtBehrend
(taken prisoner).

(4) yiceSergt.-Maj.

Sttlnnburg.

12 U}

Army Corps.

22nd Inf. Div.

2nd Car. Diyn.

4th Cay. DItd.

Staff and Begiment.

95th Begiment

83rd Regiment
94th Begiment

Sailed, or Died of
\Vounds.

(1) Maj. T. Lengerke

(1) Lt.-Col. ▼. Poll-

menatein.

(2) 2nd Lt. Count t.

Seckendorff.

(3) Vice Sergt..Maj.

Fischer.

2nd Foot Diyn. and
5th and 6th Light
Batts. Xlth Aimj
Corps

Staff Srd Caraliy
Brigade

(1) 2nd Lt. Hopp

Ist Body Quard Cui-
FMsiers

2nd Lancers •
10th Lancers -
1st Lancers

5th Dragoons

(1) Ist Lt. T. Bhein-
baben.

(l)lstLt.T.Bochoir

(1) Ist Lieut. Naglo.

Assistant Surgeon

Dr. Aschenboni.

Surgeon Major Dr.
Vogel.

Woanded.

2nd Body Guard Hus-
sars

(5) TiceSergt.-Maj.
Kerst.
(1) 2nd Lt. Spiess.

(1) Captain t. Lu-

cadou.

(2) Captain Winter-

bergcr.
(S) Captain Boese.

(4) Ibt Lieut. V.

Steuben.

(5) 1st Lt. Baron t.

Taube I.

Ketelhodt.

(7) 2nd Lieut, v.

Trotha II.

(8) 2nd Lieut.

Gbebler.

(9) 2nd Lt. Hewig.

(10) 2ndLt.GanzeL

(11) 2nd Lieut, v.

Garnier.

(12) 2nd Lt. Miillcr.

(13) 2nd Lieut, des

Barres.

(14) 2nd Lt. Baron
T. Uanstein (ta-
ken prisoner).

(15) Vice Sergt.-Mai.

Bergfeld.

(16)ViceSergt.-Maj.

Leiat.

(1) Captain Goesler.

(2)TioeSergt.-Maj..

Lauta.

(1) Blajor-Gkneral t.

Colomb.

(2) 1st Lieut, and
Brig. Adj. T. Pritt-
witz, from 8th Dra-
goons.

(1) Col. T. Oppen.

(2) Capt. Baron r.

Seherr-lhoss.

(1) Captain t. Putt-

kamer.

(2) 2nd Lt. Count zu
Solms-Sonnenwalde.

(1) 2ud Lt. T. Alten.

(2) 2ud Lt. Count
zu B ontheim • Teck -

. lenburg-Bheda.

Mltsing.

(1) Staff - Surgeon
Dr. Sch6nleben.

(2) Assist. Surgeon

Dr. Schmidt.

127t

Armj Corps.

mrd

IXth

Xih

17th Inf. Divn.

Staff and Begiment.

Battle ov Oblbans.

3rd December.

8th Body Guard
Grenadiers

48th Begiment

3rd Field Art. Begt.

Ki]lod« or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

36th Fusiliers -

84th Begiment
11th Grenadiers

85th Begiment

6th Dragoons -

No. 1 Sanitarj De-
tachment

1st Body Guard Begi-
ment

Guard Cheyauxlegers

Hessian Field Artil-

leiy Dirision
Pioneer Company -
1st, 3rd» and 4th

Hearv, and 4th

Light Botts. IXth

Annj Corps

(1) 1st Lt. T. Poser-

NiLdUtz.

(1) 2nd Lt. Damman.

(1) 2nd Lt. T. Zeska.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Meres

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.
Schutter.

(1) Lieut. Bubo

(1) 1st Lt. Baron v.
Stein zu Lausnitz.

17th Begiment

92nd Begiment

90th Fusiliers -
6th Heavy and 3rd

H. A. Batry. IXth

Army Corps

(1) 1st Lt. Spongier.

Vice Sergeant-Major
Fischer.

(1) 2ndLt.Picl[ert.

(2) ViceSergt.-Maj.

Meissner.

Staff Surgeon Dr.

Eltze.

(1) Lieut. -Col. Beck.

(2) Ist Lt. Fmnck.

(3) 2nd Lt. Boden-

stein.

(4) 2nd Lt XOhn.

(1) Maj.Schaumann.

(2) 2nd Lt. Beinke.
(l)Lt.-Coi.£dppen,

(2) Major Xruger.

(3) 1st Lt. Froelich.

(4) 2nd Lt. y. Netz.

(5) 2nd Lt. Jourdan.
(6)2ndLt.Uollesen.

(7) 2nd Lt. Metzler.

(8) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Jessen.

(9) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Thormann.

(10)ViceSer|rt.-Maj.

Boocius.

(1) 2nd Lt. Orland.

(1) Capt. Baron y.

Bdder.

(2) 1st Lt. y. Grol-

man.

(3) Lieut. Xuhn.

(4) Lieut. Seipp.
(1) 1st Lieut, de

Bardoles-Areyols.
(1) Captain Maurer.

(1) Capt. Brentano.

(1) Captain Wasser-

fuhr.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Ober-

beck.

(3) 2nd Lt. Schultz.

(4) 2nd Lieut. Car-

stcnsen.

(5) Ensign Bertram.
(1) Vice Sergt.-Maj.

Becker.

(1) 1st Lt. Dicsing.

(2) 2nd Lt. FUecel.
(1) 2nd Lt.y. Billow.
(1) 2nd Lt. Griebel.

128$

Army Corpi.

22nd Inf. Diyn.
lit BaTEiian •

6th Car. Dim.

UIrd

IXth.

Staff and Begiment.

6th Light Battery

XI th Army Corps

8rd Battn. dnl B^.

SrdLanoeri

4th December.

8th Body Ghuard
Grenadiers

20th Begiment
86th Fusiliers -

Head-quarters Staff
86th Fusiliers -

84th Begiment

Staff 86th Iniantiy
Brigade

11th Grenadiers

85th Begiment

6th Dragoons

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

(1) Cspt. T. Ghrund-
herr zu Altenthann

and Wererhaus.

(2) 1st Lt. Bischoff.

(3) Lieut. Mdssmer.
(1) 1st Lt. Thielau.

(1) 2nd Lt. Helwing.

(2) 2nd Lt. T. Bohr.

(3) 2nd Lieut, t.

Blumenthal.
(1) Captain Liedke.

(1) Captain Zacker.

(2) Yioe 8ergt..Maj.

Theremin.

(1) 2nd Lt.

(1) Capt. T. Boebe.

(2) 2nd Lt. Breden-

kamp.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Biese.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Jung-

johann.

(3) Vice Serpt.-Maj.

Clausen.

(1) Captain Walter.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Ebel*
(1) 2nd Lt. Scheele.

(1) 2nd Lt. Baron t.

Eckardstein, 6th

Dragoons (orderly

officer) .

(1) Lieut. - Colonel

Schramm.

(2) Major Dotting.

(3) 2nd Lt. Sommer.

(4) Tioe Sergt-Haj.

Dietie.

(5) yioeSergt.-Maj.

Fahr.

(1) Capt. Baron r.

L&tcow.

(1) 1st Lieut, and

Brig. Adjt. v. Wo-

bMer, 47th Begt.

(1) Lieut. -Col. T.

Klein.

(2^ Captain r. Lin-

demer or t. Wildau.

(8) Capt. Bothe.

(4)CaptT.Bong^IL

(5) 1st Lt. Baron t.

Kottwitz.

(6) Ist Lieut. T.
Tschimhaus I.

(7)2ndLt.Noethig.

(8) 2nd Lt. Count v.

Moltke.

(9)yiceSergt..Maj.

Schober.

(10)ViccSergt.-Maj.

Cohnstaedt.

(1) 2nd Lt. Giers-

berff I.

(2) Vice Sergt..Maj.

Witt.

(3) yioeSergt.-Maj.

Jebens.
(1) Maj.T.Tresckow.

129t

Armj Corps.

ESlth

17th Iii£ Dim.

Stftff and Begiment.

1st BaTaiian

2iid Gar. Diyn.

4th Cay. Diyn.

1st Cay. Diyn.

Ist Field Diyision -

8rd Bodj Guard
Begimant

Hess. Field Art. Diy.
73th Begiment

Killed, or Died of
Wounds.

Wounded.

76th Begiment

(1) 2nd Lt. Mets.

(1) Capt. y. Muralt.

(2) Lieut. Scharch.

89th (Grenadiers

90th Fusiliers •

18th Dragoons •
11th Lancers -
2nd Begiment •
3rd Cheyauzlegers

3rd Begiment •

10th Begiment

13th Begiment

7th Bifle Battalion -

6th Hussars

6th Lancers

2nd H. A. Battery
Xlth Aimj Corps
8th Lancers

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.
Bassewits.

(1) Lt. Kraft y.Fes-

tenberg auf Frohn-

berg.

(1) Lieut. Bampini.

(1) Captain K&ten-
peckh.

(1) Capt. Berendt.

(2) 2nd Lt. Ernst.

(1) Capt. Casparj.

(2) Lt. Schiifer.

(3) Lieut. Metsler.

(4) Lieut. Cellarius.
(1) Lieut. M&ser.

(1) 2nd Lt. Dahlke.

(2) 2nd Lt. Count y.

Schwann.

(3) 2ndLt.Kickton.

(4) 2nd Lt. Merleker

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.

Brandis I.

(2) 2nd Lieut, y.

Wenden I.

(3) 2nd Lt. Granao*
(1) 2nd Lt. Baron y.

Bheinbaben II.

(1) Capt.y.Haeseler.
(1) 2nd Lt. Nicolai.
(1) Captain Unrein.

(1) Lt. y. Langen-

manteL

(2) Lieut. Scheuer-

mann.

(1) Ist Lieut, y.

Buedorffer.

(2) Lieut. Wehrl.

(3) Lieut, y. Spies.
(1) Lieut. Mayer.

(1) Acting Officer
Baron y. Lichen-
stern.

(l)Capt.y.Budorff.

(2) 2nd Lt. Korbe.

(3) Ensign y. Uott-

berg.

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.

Schmidt.

(1) 2nd Lieut, y.

Cochenhausen.

(1) 2nd Lt. Schroe-

der.

130J

APPENDIX XCIV.

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the 17th ^French Army Corps.*

(End of November, 1870.)

General Cojimandixg: Gexer.vl de Soxis, afterwards
General Guepratte, thex General de Colohb.

Chief of the Staff: Colonel de Boiiille, later General Forgemol.
Commanding Artillery : Colonel Barbary de Langlade.
Commanding Engineers : Colonel Chan-ier.

Battalions. Guns.

1st iHPAiniiT Dmsiox.

Commander: General de Koquebmhe. ;

I
let Brigade: General Paris, later General

BeTaid.

4l8t Regiment de Marcfae -
74th Garde M bile Regiment

2nd Brigade: General de Boquebrune {vide
supra) t later Colonel f aussemagne.

43rd Regiment dc Mnrcho •
72nd Gardo Mobile Regiment
11th Chasseurs dc Morchc

Artillery.

8 batteries

Engineers.

1 section

Total 1st Dirision

3
3

Engineer
Companies.

1 section

• TJie Corps appears to haTe been completely organised in the early part ol
December.

13U

Battalions.

Guns.

Engineer
Companies.

2:n) Intantrt Dinsiox.

Commander : General Dubois de Jancignj, later
General Paris (vide tupra).

1st Brigade : Colonel Bonet, later Colonel Koch.

48tli Betriment clc Mnrche - - - - -
64th Koj^iment do ^Inrche* - . - -
80th Gaixle Mobile Kciriment^
10th Chasseurs de ^rarche

3 1

1
1

—

2nd Brigade : General Hainglaise, later Lieat.-
Colonel Thibonyille.

•

51st Rcginient de Marche

85th Garde Mouile Regiment - . . .

—

Artillery.

3 batteries

—

Engineers.

1 section

—

1 section

Total 2nd DiTision

1 section

3bd Ixpjlntbt Dmsiox.

Commander : General Dessandre, later General de

Jouffroj d'Abbons.

•

Ist Brigade : Colonel de Jouffrov d'Abbans (vide
supra), later Colonel Didier.

45th Regiment de ^larche

70t.h Garde Mobile Rcpment - - - -
Ist Chasseurs de Marche

3
3

•—

2nd Brigade: Colonel Sautereau.

46th Regiment de Marche

76th Garde Mobile Regiment . - . .

3
3

—

Artillery.

8 batteries

—

Engineers.

1 section --.--•--

—

1 section

Total 8rd Dirision - - - .

1 section

* Probably only joined the brigade after the battles in December; on the other
hand, the 19th Garde Mobile Regiment appears to hare proTiously belonged to it.

132t

Catalbt Dirmosr*

Commander : Cknenl de Longaerae, Imter Oeneral Gn^pimtte (fnde

mpra), then GcsMnJ d'fapeuilies.

1st Brigade : QtntnX da LandvBTille.

6th Light Caralrr (mixed)

4th Lancien de Marche .-•-•--•-
6th Cayairf of the Line (mixed)

2nd Brigade : Oenenl Gn^pratte (vide supra), later Oeneral Bailmt.

4th Light OaTalrr fmixcd)

4th Cuiraanen de Marehe

7th Ciiiranrieri de Marche

Total Caralrj DiTiaion ....

Sqnadrooi.

4
4
4

Ovna.

ft kallMriiw

BSSBBTZ AXTIXLBBT.

Lientcnant-Coknel Smet.

1 M^Ml^V/llVl

•

X NUIUIU

Txinr.

X company

Total Beserre Artilleiy

* Not oompletelj organiaed bj the beginning of Bfoember.

ORDER OP BATTLE

Of the 18th French Army Corps.
(Early in December 1870.)

General Commanding: General Bourbaki.

Chief of the Staff: Genei^al Billot.

Commanding Artilleiy: Colonel Charles.

Commanding Engineera: Colonel de la Berge.

IST IVTAKTBT DlYIBIOlT.

Cimunander: General Feillet-Pilatrie.

iBt Brigade: (General Robert.

42nd Regiment de Marche

19th Ganle Mobile Resiment •

0th Chasseurs de Marche • • • .

2nd Brigade : General Bonnet.

44th Regiment de Marche -
73rd Garde Mobile Regiment

ArtiUerj.

3 batteries

Engineers.

1 section

Total 1st Division

2hd Ikpawtet Ditisiok.

Commander : Rear- Admiral Pcnhoat.

Ist Brigade: Colonel Perrin.

62nd Regiment de Marche

77th Garde Mobile Regiment . • -

12th Chasseurs de Marche

2nd Brigade : General Perreaux.

92nd Regiment of the Line

Light African Regiment de Marche •

80th Garde Mobile R^;iment -

Battalions.

3
3
1

3
3

3
3
1

3
2
3

Gons.

Engineer
Companies.

1 section

lUt

■

Battalions.

Guns.

Engineer
Companies.

Aritlleiy.

Engineer.

1 Mction

—

1 section

Total 2nd Dirision

1 section

8£D ImPAKTBT DlTIBZOX.

Commander:

1st Brigade :

4th Zouares de Mareho

8l8t Garde Mobile Begiment . - . -

8
S

—

2nd Brigade : Colonel Marcq de Saint-Hilaire.

5drd Begiment de Marebe . . - -
B2nd Qtade Mobile Begiment . . - •

—

Artillery.

3 batteries

—

Engineers.

1 section

—

1 section

Total 3rd DiTiaion

1 section

Squadrons.

Cayalby Diyisiox.

Commanding: General de Bremond d'Ars.

1st Brigade : General Charlemagne.

2nd Hussards de Marche

Srd Lanciers de Marche

2nd Brigade : General Gujon-Bemier.

5th Dragons do Marche

5th Cuirassiers de Marche

Total CaTalrv DiTiaion

4
4

135J

Bbsebyb Abtillbbt.
Lieutenant-Colonel de Miribel.
7 batteriei

EvaiNSBBS.

Half a company

Train.

Adetaohment

A naval detachment

Total Beserre Artillery -

Guns.

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the 20th French Corps.
(End of November 1870.)

Oeneraij Commanding: General Crouzat.

Chief of the StaflF: Colonel Varaigne.
Commanding Artillery : Colonel Chatillon.
Commanding Engineers : Colonel Picolet.

IsT Ikvahtbt DmsioN.

Ck>mmander : General de Polignac.

let Brigade : Colonel Boisson.

85tli Begiment of the Lino (probably tho dep6t

companies)

Garde Mobile of the Loire

Gaxde Mobile of tho Jura . . . •

••i

2
2
2

a*
QQ

0 S

T 2

1804

2nd Brigade: Colonel Brine.

Oaide Mobile of tlio Upper Loire •
Qaide Mobile of the Upper Oftronne
Qarde Mobile of the 8a6ne and Loire •
Franctiroura of the Upper Rhine •

Cayalrj.
2nd Laaeiers de Marche-

Artillerr.

2 batteries

1 company

Engineers.

Total 1st DiTiaiou

ZTSO lygAyTKX 1/ITIUQ>.

Commander : General Tliomton.

1st Brigade : Capitoine de Taisseau Anbe.

Qarde Mobile of Dcux-S^Tres ....

OardeMobUeof SaToy

7th Mounted Chasaeors

—

2nd Brigade: Colonel Tirenot.

Garde Mobile of the Upper Bhine

8rd SSonares do Marche

2
8

—

Artillery.

2S Datcenes -••••••-

Engineers.

1 company ----••••

Franctireurs of Bordeaux

—

Tot-al 2ud Diriaion -

8bd Ikpaktbt DmsioK.

Commander : General S^gard.

1st Brigade : Colonel Dnrochat.

47th Kegiment de Marche

Garde Mobile of Corsica

3
2

—

■""

•~

137J

2nd Brigade : Colonel Girard.

78th Regiment of the Line (probablj depot com

panies)

Garde Mobile of the East Prrcneee

Garde Mobile of the Vosges . - - -

Garde Mobile of the Meurthe

CaTalry.

Cuirasftien de Marcho

ArttUarT.

2 baiterioe

1 company

Engineers.

Francttreurs of Doubs
Franctireun of Nioo

Total drd Diviiiou

2
2
1

4 12

.s I-

8 o
MO

Guns.

Rnnvs Abtillsbt.
Lieutenant-Colonel d*AuTergne.

3 batteries (indudtng a mitraiUeuae battery) 18

SxonnEBS.
1 company

TSAZV.

1 company

Total Besenre Artillery 18

138}

APPENDIX XCV.

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the Ilird Anny.
(30th November, 1870.)

Co^diander-ix-Chief : General Field-Marshal H.R.II. Crown

Prince of Prussia.

Pei-sonal Adjutants: (1) Major Mischke, a la suite Army Staff;

(2) Captain Count zii Emenburg, Reserve of \st Foot Guards ;

(3) Captain Baron v. Scbleiiiitz, a la suite Sth Dragoons.
Chief of the Staff: Lieut.- General v. Blumenthal.
Quartermaster-m-Chief : Colonel \. Gottberg.
Commanding Artillery : Lieut.-- General Herkt.
Commanding Engineers and Pioneers : Major-General Schulz.
General Staff: {\) Major \. Hahnke; (2) Coptow Kamatz ; (3)

Captain Lenke ; (4) Captain v. Wolff, 3rd Grenadier Guards;

(5) Captain v. Viebahn, 80th Fusiliers; (6) Captain Bronsart
V. Schellendorff.

Attached: Major v. Xylander, Bavarian Quartermaster General
Staff.

Adjutants: (1) Major Dresow, 2wrf Grenadie7*s; (2) Captain v.
Sommerfeld, 2nd Foot Guards ; (3) Captain v. Mutius, Gardes
du Corps liefiiment; (4) Cavtain v. Bosse, 14^/* Regiment; (5)
1st Lieut. Count v. Seckenaorff, Reserve of 1st Foot Guards;

(6) 2nd Lieut. Baron v. Bissing, 8^A Drojaoons.

Field OflScer with OflScer Commanding Artillery : Lieut.- Colonel
Hartmaau, a la suite 11th Field Artillery Regiment,

2nd Engineer Officer : Major Schumann.*

Army Intendant : Ban-etzki.

Field Intendant : Miiller.

Army Surgeon-General : Surgeon-General Dr. Boger.

Commandant of Headquarters: Major v. Winterfeld, Personal
Adjutant to U.R.H. Prince Alexander of Prussia.

Commander of the Head-quarter Guard: 1st Lieut, v. Blumenthal,
12<A Uraqoons,

Field Gendanneric : Lieut.-Colond v. Hynnnen ; Captain Bohm.

Inspection-General of Etappen.

Inspector-General : Lieut.- General v. Gotsch.

Chief of the General Staff: Major Baron v. d. Goltz.

Adjutants: (1) Captain v. Rathenow, Cavalry of 6th Landwehr

Regiment; (2) 1st Lieut. Count Keller; (3) 2nd Lieut, v.

Rabenau, Reserve of *drd Artillery Brigade.

* Detached to the Staff of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

139t

Ai'tillery Officer: Lieut-Colonel Erdmaun.

Engineer Officer : Major Baclifeld.

Intendant : Schumann.

Commander of the Field Gendarmerie Division : Major Haack.

Attached: Bavarian Ixspectiox-General op Et.vppen,

Inspector-General: Major-General v. Mayer.

General Staff: Lieut-Colonel Count v. Verri della Bosia.

Adjutants : (1) let Lieut Lossow, 8th Regt ; (2) lat Lieut Ott,

6th Regt
Commandant of Artillery : Major Baron v. Harsdorf, 2nd Arty,

Regt,
Commandant of Engineers: Major Eleemann, Engineer Staff.
War Commissary-in-Chief : Backert.
Commandant of Field Gendannerie : Captain Ileiss.

Present at Head-quarters :
General H.S.H. Duke Ernest IIxd op Saxe Coburg Gotha.

Adjutants : (1) Major v. Schrabisch, a la suite 95tf* Regt ; (2)
2nd Lieut v, Ziegesar, 1th Cuirassiers.

Colonel Leopold, Crown Puince op Hohenzolleun-Sigmaringen.
C.vPTAiN H.R.H. THE Hereditary Grand Duke Cu.vrles
Augustus of Saxons.

Personal Adjutant : Captain Baron v. u. z. Bodman, attached
to 9Mi Regt

1st Lieut. ILS.H. Prince William op Wurttemberg.

Lieut. H.B.H. Duke Eugene of Wurttemberg.

ILK.H. the Hereditary Gr-vnd Duke Frederick of Mecklen-

burg-Strelitz.

Adjutant : Colonel v. Gagem.
Commissioner for the Royal Bavaiian Amiy : Major-Genenil

Count V. Bothmcr.

Adjutant: Captain Baron v. Godin, Quartermaster- GeneraCs
Staff.
Royal Bavarian Military Attache: Major Baron v. Freyberg-

Eisenberg.
Royal Wui'ttemberg Military Attach^ : Lieut-Colonel v. Fuber du

Faur.

GENERAL SUMMARY OF FORCES.

Ilnd Armj Corps • • 25 battalions, 8 squadrons, 14 battorios (81 guns), 3 pion. oos.

Vth „ „ .. 25 „ 8 „ U „ (84 guns), 3 „

Vlth „ „ ..26 „ 8 „ 14 „ (81 guns), 3 „

Xlth* „ „ ..13 „ 4 „ 8 „ (48 guns), 1 „
Ilnd Barariaa Army

Corps .. ..25 „ 20 „ 18 „ (106 guns), 3 „
Quard Landwehr

Dirision .. .. 12 „ 3 „ 3 „ (18 guns), 1 „

i*
»»

Total 125 „ 4S „ 71 „ 424 guns 11 „

»»

* Without the 22nd Infantry Division.

140}

IlND Army Corps.

General C!ommandikg: General von Fransecky.

Chief of the General Staff: Colonel v. Wichmann.
Commanding Artillery : Major^General v. Eleist.
Commanding Engineers ana Pioneers : Major Sandkuhl.
General Staff: (1) Major v. Petersdorff; (2) Captain v. Unrwhu;

(3) Captain v. Kesslem, 60^A Ilegt.
Adjutants: (1) Major y. Blomberg, 5th Grenadiers; (2) Captain

V. d. Mai-witz, 3rd Draff ootie; (3) let Lieut v. Naso, 9th

JLancej's ; (4) lat lAeut, Burchardt, 4t9th Regt.
2nd Engineer Officer : Captain Weber, Ist Engineer Inspection.
Commander of flead-quarter Guard: Ist Lieut. Moritz, 5/A

Hussars.

8bd Ikyaktbt DrruioK.

Commander : Major-General t. Hartmann.
Ckmeral Staff : Major Stoekmarr.
Adjutants : (1) Captain t. Bennigicn, 4ith Regi-
ment ; (2) Ist Lieut, t Sichart I, Srd Dragoons.

5Tn IxFABTBT Bbioids : Hajor-Geoerol v.

Koblinaki.

2nd Grenadiers, Colonel t. Ziemietskj ...
42nd Begiment, Colonel t. dem Knesebeck

6Tn IiTTANTBT Bbigads : Colonel t. der Decken.*

14tU Regiment, Colonel r. Voast • - - .
54th Regiment : Lieut.-Colonel y. Rechenberg

2ud Rifle Battalion, Major v. Netzert •
drd Dmf^oons, Colonel Baron y. Willisen§
1st J«ickl Biyision, 2nd Field Artilierr Regiment
(Ist and 2nd hcary, 1st and 2nd light batteries),

Major Baron y. Rynatten

1st Field Pioneer Companj, with Light Field

Bridge Train, Captain y. Wissmann -
Ko. 1 Sanitary Detachment

Total Srd Infantry Diyision

3
3

a*
QQ

• Oiring to wounds replaced bj Colonel y. Wedcll.
+ Owing to wounds replaced by Major y. Schorlemmer.
X Owing to sickness repLicod by Captain Schulz.
§ On command. Replaced bv^Mnj »r t. Wedcll.

Ult

4Tn Infaktry Diyuiov.

Couuuaiider: Lieat-G«neral Hann t. Woylieni.
General Staff : Captain Boie.
Adjutants : (1) Captain Miinch, 74th Regiment ;
(2) Ist Lieat. ▼. Uriesheim, 4th Lanoen.

7xH Infahtbt Bbioaob : Major-General du

Trossel.

0th Grenadiers, Colonel u. Ferontheil u. Ghnppen-

bwj

4:9th Bogiment, Ltont-Colonel Lanrin •

». Si
to a

8Tn Lf viJCT&T Bbioadb : Major-General y. Eettler.

21st Begiment, Lieut. -Colonel r. Lobenthal •
01st Begiment, Colonel r. Wodell*

11th Dragoons, Liout.-Colonel r. Guretzkj-Comitx-

3rd Fidd DiTision, 2nd Field Artillery Begiment

(5ih and 6th HeaTj, 5th and 6th Light Batteries),

Lieut.-Colonol Bauer-

2nd Field Pioneer Company, with Entrenching-Tool

Column, Captain Grethen

3rd Field Pioneer Company, Captain Balcke •
No. 2 Sonitary Detchment

3
3

Total 4th Infantry Dirision

CoBPS Abtxllbbt : Colonel Petiel.

H. A. DiTision 2nd Field Artillery Begiment (2nd
audSrd H. A. Batteries), Lieut.-Colonel Masehke

2nd F. DiTision 2nd F. Artillerr Begiment (Srd and
4th HeaTy, Srd and 4th Light Batteries), Major
Hftbner

No. 3 Sanitary Detachment

3
3

Total of Corps Artillery

C0LUU5S DiTisioir 2nd F. Artillery Begiment,

Major Leo.

Artillery Ammunition Columna Noj. 1 to 5 ; •
Infantry Ammunition C'ulumiis, Nos, 1 to 4;
Pontoon Column.

1
1

* Appointed to the command of the 6th Lifantry Brigade. Beplaced by Lieut.-
Coloncl Wcyrach.

2kd Tr^dt Battalion, Colonel Schmelzer.

Hospital Pep^t, Hone I>ep6t, Field Bakeij
Column, CommiMariat Columns Nos. 1 to 6,
Field Hospitals Kos. 1 to 12, Train Escort
Squadron.

Hc3

Vth Army Corps-
General Commanding : General v. Kirchbaoh.

Chief of the Staff: Colonel v. d- Each,

Commanding Artillery : Colonel Gaede.

("ommandinp^ Engineers and Pioneers : Captain May.

General Staff : (1) Major Mantey, 12</« Drapoons; (2) Captain

Stieler v. Heydekampf ; (3) lat Lieut. Baron v. Reibnitz,

Zltli Fusiliers,
Adjutants: (1) Major Manche, 12/A Drapoons; (2) Captain

V. Hugo, lih Grenadiers ; (3) Captain Cleinow, 58//i Regi-*

ment; (4) 2nd Lieut, v. Hennigs, 1st Lancers.
2nd Engineer OflScer : Captain Pirscher.
Commanding Head-quarter Guard : Captain Baron v. Wechmann.

•

■1

•

9th Ikfaktbt DmeiON.

Commander : Major-G«neral t. Sandrart.

General Staff: Major Jacobi.

Adjutants: (1) Captain t. Winterfeld, 20th Regi-
ment ; (2) Ist Lieut. Baron y. Richthofen, 10th
Lancers.

17th Ixvaktby Bbioade : Colonel t. Bothmer.

58th Regiment, Colonel t. Rex.
69th Rf gunent, Colonel Ejl.

8
3

'-'

—

ISth Ixpantbt Brigade : Major-Gknend v. Voigts-

Rhetz.

7th Grenadiers, Colonel t. KOthen

47th Regiment, Colonel t. Flotoir - - - -

3
3

—

143^

•

1
1

•
e

Engineer
Companies.

5th Biile Battalion, Major Boedicker -

—

4th Dragoons, Lieut.-Colonel ▼. Schenok
Ist Field Dirision, 6th F. Artillerj Regiment (Ist
and 2nd Hearf, Ist and 2nd Light Batteries),

^^"

Ist Field Pioneer Commuij, with Light Field Bridge

Train, Captain Scheibertt

No. 1 Sanitary Detachment

—

Total 9th Infantry Division •

lOrs Iktastbt Dinsioir.

Commander : Lieiit.-General t. Schmidt.
Genend Staff : Captain r. Struensee.
AdjutanU: (1) Captain Melms, 74th Regiment;
(2) 1st Lieut. Kunlman, Ist Lancers.

19tb Ikvantxt Bbioadb : Colonel ▼• Henning aof

SchOnhoff.

6th Grenadiers, Colonel Fldckhert
46th Regiment, Colonel ▼. Eberhurdt •

3
3

— ~

20th Intahtbt Bbigabb : Major-G«nend Walther

Y. MonbarT.§

37th Fusiliers, Colonel t. Heinemann - • •
60th Regiment, Colonel Miohdmann • • -

3
3

«HM

'-'

14th Dragoons, Colonel r. Soh6n • - • •

Szd Field Dinsion, 6th F. ArtUlerj Regiment (5th

and 6th HeaTT, 6th and 6th Light Batteries),

Lieut.-Colonel Koehl

2nd Field Pioneer Company, with Sntrenohing Tool
Column, Captain Hummell ....
8rd Field Pioneer Company, Captain Gilntxel-
No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

—

Total of 10th Infuitry Diririon

CoBPS Abtillibt : Lieut-Colonel KOhler.

H. A. Dirision 6th Field Artillery Regiment (2nd
and 8rd Hone Artillery Batteries), Miyor

IPJiflrnm ........

A tAKIAUA --------

* Owing to wounds was replaced by Major Schmidt,
t Owing to wounds replaced by Ist Lieut, r. Sohnehen.

i Appointed to command the 20th Infantry Brigad0| {ind foplaoed by Lieut.
Colonel ▼. Webem.

§ Owing to sickness replaced by Colonel Flockhor.

lUJ

2ud Fickl DiTiaion 5th Field Artillery Regiment
8rd and 4th HeaTT, 8rd and 4th Light Batteries) ,
Lieut. -Colonel t. Dorrief

No. 3 Sanitary Detachment

Total of Corpe Artillen-

CoLVMKS Division 5th F. Artilierj Kegimcut,

Major Bfeicho.

ArtiUcrj Ammunition Columns, Nos. 1 to 5;
Infantry Ammunition Columns, Nos. 1 to 4;
Pontoon Column.

5tu TiiAiy Battalion, Major UcrwartU y.

Bittonfdd.

Keserrc Hospilal Dcp6t, Horso Dcp6t, Field
Bakery Column, Commissariat Columns Nos. 1
to 5, Field Hospitals Nos. 1 to 12, Train Ksoort
Squadron.

VIth Army Corps.

General Commanding : General v. Tumplinu.

Chief of the General Staff : Colonel v. Salviati.

Commanding Artillery : Colonel v. Kamm.

Commanding Engineers and Pioneers : Captain Guhl (temp.).

General Staflf: (1) Major Kese ; (2) Captain Schmidt v. ^Uten-
stadt; (3) Coptom MUnnich, lltli Aegiment.

Adjutants: {\) Major Schacli v. Wittenau,5<A Cuirassiers; (2) 1st
Lieut. V. Golaammcr, ISth Regiment ; (3) Ist Lieut, v. Lieres
11. Wilkau, \Jjth Dragoons.

2nd Engineer Officer : Captain Schgll,

Commanding Head-quaiier Guard : list Linit. Baron v. Saueima,
Ath Uussart'.

U5t

llTH Ikmiitbt Ditxbiok.

Cominander : laeut-Oeneml r. Gkirdon.
Qenonl Staff : Major t. Schkopp.
A^iataaU: (1) Captain t. Mflller, 2nd Lanoera;
(2) 1st Lieat. Synold ▼. Sohfis, 4th HuMan.

2l8T IirvAHTBT BuoiDB : Major-Geneval t. MaU-

ehowski.

10th Ownadien, Colonel y. WeUer*
18th BeginMnt, Colonel Baron r. Bock •

22x]> IvvAimT Bbzoadb: Major-Oenenl t.

Eckaitsbeig.

88th FosUien, Colonel r. SchmeUng

61ft Reghnent, Colonel Enippins . . . -

6th Rifle Battalion, Major ▼. Walther •

8th Diagoonii Lient.-Colonel r. Winterfeld •

let Fiekl DiTiiion 6th Field ArtiUery Regiment

(Ist and 2nd HeaTT, Ist and 2nd Light Batteries) ,

Major T. Xilienhoff -Zwowitiki • . • -
1st Field Pioneer Company, with light Field Bridge

Train, Captain Kleieker

2nd Field Pioneer Company, with Entrenching Tool

Column, Captain Ouhlf

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

9
8

3
8

Total of 11th Infantry DiTiaion

12tR 15TAHTBT DlYISIOV.

Commander : Lientr-Oeneral t. Hoffmann.
General Staff: Major Kessler.
Adjutants : 1st Lient. Sngelmann 1st, 62nd Regi-
ment s (2) 1st Lieut. Baron y. Bisaing, 6th Hus-

, 28BD IirtuiTBT Bbioadb : Colonel Gflndell.

22nd Regiment, Colonel y. Quistorp
62nd Regiment, Colonel y. Bessel -

3
3

'6>

1
1

* Owing to siolmess replaced by Lieat.-Co1onel Baumeisfcer.
t Owing to being detached for other duties was replaced by 1st Lieut, y.
Nowag-Seehng.

U6t

24Tn Ikpaktbt Bsioadb : Uftjor-Gknend r.

Fabeok.

23rd Regiment, Colonel r. Brieten
6drd Regiment, Colonel t. ThieUa

16th Bngoons, Colonel r. Buise • - • -

3rd Field Dirision, 6th F. Artillery Regiment (6th

and 6th Hearj, 6th and 6th Light Batteries)

Major Block r. BlottniU

3rd Field Pioneer Company, Captain Giom •
No. 1 Sanitary Detachment

Total of 12th Infantiy Dirision •

CoBPS Abtillbrt : Colonel Arnold.

H. A. Dirision, 6th F. Artillery Regiment (Ist and
2nd H. A. Batteries), Major t. Gkircsynski *

2nd Field Dirision, 6th F. ArtiUei7 Regiment (3rd
and 4th Heary, 8rd and 4th Light Batteiias),
Laeut.-Colonel MUller

No. 3 Sanitary Detachment

Total of Corps Artillery . . • .

CoixncvB Dxnsioir, 6th F. Artilleiy Regiment,
Captain Tomitins.

Artillery Ammnnitton Columns, Nos. 1 to 6 ; In-
fantry Ammnnition Columns, Nos. 1 to 4;
Pontoon Column.

6th Tbaik Battauon, Lieut-Colonel Arent

Reserre Hospital DepOt, Horse Dcp6t, Field Bakery
Column, Ammunition Column, Nos. 1 to 6 ;
Field Hospitals, Nos. 1 to 12 ; Train Escort
Squadron.

8
8

c
8

•a a

— 1

12
24

* In consequence of this ofllcer's illness, the H. A. Division was under the
umnediate command of Colonel Arnold.

147J

XIth Army CJorps.*
General C0M3iANDiNa: Lieut.-General v. BosE.t

Chief of the Staff: Major-General Stein v. Kaminski.

Commanding Artillery : Major^General Hausmann.

Commanding Engineers aod Pioneers : Major Criiger.

General Staff: (1) Major v. Sobbe ; (2) Captain v. MoUer.

Adjutants : Major v. Wulffen, 3rd Grenadiers ; (2) Captain Baron
V. Domberg, 9<A Husears ; (3) let Lieut, v. Pfuhlstein, 94</4
Regiment; (4) let Lieut, v. Prittwitz-Gafiron, 14^A Hussars,

2nd Engineer Officer : Captain v. Gaertner.

Commanding Headquarter Guard: 1st Lieut, Eehl, 5th Dragoons.

present at head-quarters.
Major Pringe William of Wied.

2l8T IVVAKTBT DZYXSION.

Commaiider : Liaat.-Geii0iml t. Schaohtmejert

G^ennral Staff: Major ▼. Gottbei^.

Adjutants : (1) lat Lieut. Count r. d. Schulenlraxg-

Wolfsburg, 80th Futilien ; (2) Ist Lieut.

Prince zvL Ysenbuzg u. Bftdingen, attached 18th

Lanoere.

4l8T Infaktbt BBiaADX: Colonel T.Eoblinski.§

80th Fusiliers, Colonel r. Colomb||
87th Regiment, Colonel Grolmanf

,42n>InAirTBYBBXOADX: ICajor-Gkneraly.Thile.

82nd Regiment, Colonel r. Grawert

88th Regiment, Lieut.-Colonel Preuss • • -

llth Rifle Battalion, Major r. Johnston

14th Hussars, Colonel r. Bemuth • - . -

3
3

8
8

a
I

a*
QQ

P4.

* Except the 22nd Infantry Diyision, which was attached to the Grand Duke of
Mecklenburg's Detachment.

t On account of wounds replaced by Lieut.-General ▼. Schachtmeyer.

X Otherwise employed. Replaced by Major-G^eml t. Schkopp.

§ Owing to wounds replaoeof by Colonel t. FOrster.

II Owing to wounds replaced by Lieut.-Colonel t. Oetinger.

% Owing to wounds replaced by Major Schuls.

148t

Ist Field DiTuion, 11th F. Artilleir Regiment (let
and 2nd HeaTj, let and 2nd Lip lit Batteries),
Major T. Laagen • • • -

2nd Field Pioneer Companj with Entrenching TfX)l
Column, Captain Eo&ert

Ko. 1 Sanitarj Detacliment

Total of 2l8t Infantry Dirition •

C0BP8 AsTXlLBBT : Colonel T. Oppeln-Bronikowski.*

H. A. DiriBion, 11th F. A. Regiment (l«t and 8rd

H. A. Batteries), Major Knipferf
3rd F. Dirision, 11th F. A. Regiment (6th and

6th Heary Batteries), Major Amold£
Xo. 8 Sanitary Detachment i

Total of Corps Artillcrj

CoLUXKB DiriBlOK, 11th F. Artillery Regiment,

Major Trastedt.§

Artillery Ammunition Columns, Nos. 1 and 4 ; In-
fantry Ammunition Columns, Nos. 2 and 4 ;
Pontoon Column.

llTn Teaik Battauok,|| Major y. Gerfaardt

Reserre Hospital Depftt, Horse DepAt, Field Bakery
Column ; Commissariat Columns, Nos. 1, 8, and
6 ; Field Hospitals, Nos. 1 to 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 to
12 ; Train Escort Squadron.

* Detached elsewhere. Replaced by Major Knipfcr.

t Also detached. Replaced by Captain t. Ohnesorge.

X The 5th and 6th Lignt Batteries were given up to the 22nd Dirision.

§ Artillery Ammunition Columns, Nos. 2, 3, and 5 ; Infantry Ammunition
Columns, Nos. 1 and 3 *, Commissorint Columns, Nos. 2 and 4 ; and Field Hospitals,
Nos. 5 and 9, were with the 22nd Dirision.

149J

IInd Bavarian Army Corps.
Corps Commander: General v. Hartmann.

Chief of the Staff: Major ^General Baron v. Horn.

Director of Field Artillery: Major^General Lutz.

Director of Field Engineers ; LieuU-Colonel Fogt.

General Staff : (1) Afo/or Heilmann ; (2) (7rt/>totn Lindhamer.

Adjutants: (1) Captain Baron v. Sazenhofen; (2) Captain

Harrach.
Officers of ths Topographical Bureau: (1) Captain Count v.

Holnstein aus Bayem, 12^ Regiment ; (2) Captain Truksa,

9^ Regiment.
Commandant of Head-quarters : Captain v. Ausin, 9tA Regiment

3B3> IH7AKTBY DlTMIOlT.

Commander : Lieut.-Oenenil y. Walther.
General Staff : (1) Major Streiter ; (2) Captain du

Janys, Baron y. la Roche, ArtiUeiy ConfiultatiTc

CommiBiion.
Adjutants: (1) Captain Durig; (2) Ist Lieut

Bchenk.
Exu^eer Officers: (1) Captain Michell} (2) 1st

Lieut. Kester.

5Tn Inpantbt Bbioadb : Major-Geuei*al v

Schleich.

General Staff : Captain r. Staudt.

6th Begiment : Colonel Btemiller

7th Begiment : Colonel HOfler ...

8th Bifle Battalion, Major Gebbard -

6th Intahtbt Bbigadb : Major-Genend ▼. DiehL

General Staff : Major GirL

14th Begiment, Colonel Baron r. Nesselrode-

Hugenpoet

15th Begiment, Colonel Baron v. Treuberg

Srd Biile Battalion, Lieut-Colonel Baron y. Horn •

Ist Cheyauxlegerf, Colonel y. Grundherr zu Alton-
thonn u. Weyherhaus

Artillery Division (Srd and 4th 4-pr., 7th ami 8th
6-pr. Batteries 4th Artillery Begiment), Major
Mehlcr

3
2
1

2
3
1

— i 21

150t

Ammunition Column (4th Artillcrj Bpgiment)

drd Sanitary Companj

No. 8 Fiold CommiMnriat Diyiiion

TSo. 8 Fiald Hospital «•.-..

Total of 8rd Infantry Division -

4tu IirvAVTBT DrrzBiOK.

Commander : Ideut.-Gkneral Count r. Bothmor.
General Staff : (1) Lieut.-Colonel Wirthmann i (2)

Major T. rieschuez.
Adjutants : (1) Captain Fopp ; (2) Ist Lieut.

Schmidt.
Engineer Officers : (1) Captain Schwabl i (2) Ist

Lieut. Laber.

7th IsvAsraT Bbigadb : Major-Qenoral Berries r.

Witieli;

General Staff : Captain Kollncr.

5th Begiment, Colonel t. Miihlbaur

9th Bogiment, Colonel y. Heeg ....

6th Biflo Battalion, Major Caries • • . .

8Tn Ihvaktby BsiaADE : Colonel Count v.

Leublaing.^

General Staff : Captain Orff.

8rd Battalion Ist Bogiment, Major Baron v. Diinch

Srd Battalion 6th Bcgiiment, Major Baron t.

Foilitzsch

Ist Battalion 7th Regiinent, Minor Curtius -
Srd Battalion 11th Bogimcnt, Moijor t. Groppcr -
Srd Battalion 14th Kegimcnt, Major Bemich v.

Weissenf els

5tli Biile Battalion, Lieut.-Coloncl Baron r.

Gumppenberg^ «•-..■.
10th Biile Battalion, Major Baron v. Wulffent -

2nd Cherauxlcgcrs, Licut.-Coloucl Kiliani
Artillciy Division (1st and 2nd 4-pr., 5th and Gth
6-pr. Batteries 4th Artillery Begiment), Lieut.-

Baron r. Crailshcim

Ammunition Column (fromdth Artillery Begimeiit)

2nd Sanitary Company

"No. 4 Field Conuniasariat Division

Ko. 4 Field Hospital

OE.

B
Q

Total of 4th Infantry Division

2
3
1

1
1
1

1
1

n
B
9

S O

4 21

* Until the 7th December commanded by its previous oommander, Lieut.-
General v. Maillinger.

t Owing to illness replaced by Major Hese.

t The battalion was commanded until ilio 12th of December by the previous
commander, Colonel v. Ilcckel.

lolt

Laxceb Bbigade : Colonel Homdam.

Ocnorai Staff, Captain Belli dc Pino

1st Laucors, Colonel Count t. Tsonbiurg-Philipp-

seich

2nd Lancers, Colonel Baron y. Fllummcm •

5th ChoTftuzlegers, Colonol t. WoinricU^

2nd H. A. Battery 2nd Artillery Begiment, Captain

Baron y. Mossenbach

a
o

Total of Lancer Brigade

AbxhIiEST Bbbebye Dmsiov : Colonel Boron y.

Miller.

Ist Divinonf (Ist H. A., 3rd and 4th 6-pr. Batteries
2nd Artilleiy Regiment), Lieut. -Colonel Eckart*

2nd Diyision (5th and Gth 6-pr. Batteries 2nd
ArtiUery Begiment, and Mitrailleuse BattoryJ
4Ui ArtilleiT Begiment), Major Blanc

8rd Diyision (7th and 8th 6-pr., 9th and 12th 12-pr.
Batteries § 2nd Artillery Begiment), Major
fioUenbach

Ammunition Column (from 4tli Artillery Begiment)

Total of Artillery Bcscrye • • •

2nd Field Engineer Division || (3 Conipacics, ^vilh
2 Pioneer, 8 Bridge, 1 Picld Tclcgi-nph Equip-
ments), Major £em

Main Ammunition Column (from 2ncl Artillery
Regiment), Major Hcdcnbachcr

Field Commissariat Diyision No. G, Field Uospitals
Nob. 7, 8, and 12

QtJAJU) LA2a>WXIIB DiTISIOIx.

Commander : Licut.-General Baron y. L5cn.
Qeneral Siaff : Captain HenraHh y. Billcufeld, 4th

Foot Guards.
Adjutants: (1) Captain y. Yssolsteiu, Fusilier

Guards; (2) Captain y. Boreke, 2nd Battalion

Ist Guiurd Landwehr Begiment.

18
10
18

• The Honorary Colonel of the regiment, Prince Otto of Bavaria, was alio irith it.

t The mitrailleuse battery Ist Artillery Regiment — 4 puns — r?tumed from the
Ist Army Corps vaa attached to the Division from the 26th November untU ICth
December.

X This battery— 4 guns — ^joined on 7th November.

§ These joined on the 17th October.

II From the Ist Army Corps wore attached the l&t and 3rd couipames with 2
pioneer equipments.

U 2

152}

IST GuASD liAKBWBHB Bbioadb : Colonei
Girodx t. Qwadj

1st Guard L«idwehrBegi]iient» Colonel ▼. Flehwe

2nd Gtutfd Landwehr Begiment, Lieat.-Oolotiel r.

MtLndhfaaiuen

2bi> Gvaed LA]n>wxsBBBiOAi>B : Colonel y. Boefal.

let Ghiard Ghrenadier Londwehr Beffiment, Lieui.-
Cdlonel Prinoe in Sehdnbure-Waldenburg -

2nd Guard Grenadier Landwenr Begiment, Lieut.-
Colonel T. Beeaer

Combined Artillery DiTitiou (1st and 2nd Heayj
and Light Betcrrc Batterj of Guard Corps),
Major T. Schweizcr

1st Fortress Pioneer Company, Xth Army Corps,
Captain Perts

Pontoon Colomn with Escort Squadron, 1st Lieut.
Bertram ••••-•••

Total of Guard Landwehr Diyislon

8
8

i
■s

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the Army of the MeuBo
(SOth November, 1870.)

Commander-in-Chief: GexVeral H.R.H. the Cbown Prince

OF Saxony,

Personal Adjutants: (1) Major-General Prince George of Sch5n-

burg-Waldenburg, Saxon Army; (2) Captain Count VitsB-

thum V. Eckstadt, Prussian Army,
Chief of the Staff: Major* General Baron v. Schlotheim, Prussian

Army.
Commanding Engineers and Pioneers : Zt^^.-Co^cm^/Oppermann,

Prussian Anny,
General Staflf: (1) ifo/or Schweingel, Saxon Army; (2) Major

Eiihne, Prussian Army; (3) Captain Edier v. d. Plamtz,

Saxon Arrnu.

153t

Adjutants: (1) Major Baron v. Weick, Sajfon Army; (2) Ut Lieut.
Edier v. d. Planitz, Saxon Guard Cavalry; (3) 2nd Lieut, v.
Hinuber, Saxon Gvard Cavalry; (4) 2nd Lieut, v. Jajfow,
7th Dragoons ; (5) 2nd Lieut. Count v. Amim, Gardes du Corps
Regiment; (6) 2nd Lieut. Count v. Weeterholt-Gysenberg,
lltli Hussars ; (7) 2nd Lieut, v. Wasmer, 15th Lancers*

Army Intendant : Major Schtffig, Saxon Ministry ojf War.

Army Surgeon-General : Surgeon-^General Dr. ^hiele, Prmsxan
Army.

Commandant of Head-quarters: Captain v. Wnrmb, IGSth
Fusiliers.

Commander of Head-quarters Guard: let Lieut, v. Erosigk,
Gardes du Corps RegimenU

Inspection-General of Etappen.

Inspector-General : Colonel v. Blueher, Prussian Army.
Adjutants : (1) Ist Lieut, v. Diyg&LsH Landwehr Infantry of 35tA

Reserve Landwehr Battalion; (2) 2nd Lieut. Simson, Land"

teehr Cavalry of 8th Landwehr Regiment.

GENERAL SUMMARY OF FORCES.

Gmxd Corps .... 29 baUolions, 82 Bqnadrons, 16 botteriM (90 g^n»), 8 pion. OM*
rVth Annj Corps 25 „ 8 ,, 14 „ (84 guns), 8 „

Xnth Royal Saxon

Army Cons .... 29 „ 24 „ 16 „ (96 gmis), 8 ,,

WArt. Field Dini. 15 „ 10 „ 9 „ (54 gam), 2 „

Total Army of Mease 98 bafctalioiu, 74 aqoadrons, 54 batteries, (824 gons), 11 pion. oos.

Guard (3orps.

General Commanbtng: General H.R.II. Prince Augustus

OF WURTTEMBERG,

Chief of the Staff: Major^General v. Dannenberg.
Commanding Artillery: Major- General Prince Ejraft of flohen-

lohe-Ingelfin^en.
Commanding Engmeers and Pioneeis: Lieut.'Colanel Bogun v.

Wangenheim.
General Staff: (I) Major v. Roon; (2) Captain v. Lindequist ;

(3) Captain v. Stiilpnagel, 1 st Foot Guards.
Adjutants : Captain Baron v. Senden, 2nd Dragoons of the Guard ;

(2) Captain v. Ramm, ith Foot Gttards; (3) let Lieut, v.

Nickisch-BoBenegk, Gardes du Corps Regiment ; (4) 1st Lieut.

Count V. Schlieffen, 2nd Lancers of the Gitard^
2nd Engineer Officer : Captain Seyfiied.*
Commander of tiie Head-quarters Guard : 1st Lieut, v. Watzdorff,

Reserve of Hussars of the Guard.

present at head-quarters.
Major-General Prince Nicholas of Nassau.

* Doing duty as Adjutant on the Corps Staff, and replaced by Captain ▼.
Erause.

154

1st Guasd iNFAXTBr Division.

Commander: Major- General v. Fapc.

General BtafT: Captain v. IloUebcii.

Adjutants: (1) Major Count zu Ysenbur^-Pliilipps-
Eich und Budinfrcu, 1st Grenadiers of the
Guard : (2) Ist Lieut, t. Buudstcdt, HuBsars of
the Guard.

l8T GtxJASD ImrAVTBT BsiaADS : Mfljor-General

T. Kessel.

Ist Foot Guards, Licut.-Coloncl v. OppcU (temp.)
8rd Foot Guardsi Colonel v. Linsingen •

2nd GtTABB IVFAinniT Bbioadi:: Major-Goneral

Baron t. Medcm.

2nd Foot GuardB, Colonel Count t. Kanitz/^ •
Fusiliers of the Guard, Lieut. -Colonel t. Papstcin
4th Foot Guards, Colonel t. Nemnann -

Guard Bide Battalion, Major v. A rnim
Guard Hussars, Lieut. -Colonel t. Hymmen -
Ist Field Diyision, Guard F. A. iRegiment (Ist
and 2nd HeaTj, 1st and 2nd Light Batteries),
Lieut. -Colonel r. Bvchelberg ....
Ist Field Pioneer Companj with Light Field Bridge

Train, Captain v. Bock

No. 1 Sanitary Betoehmcnt

Total 1st Guard Infantrj Division

22rD GUABD IKVIVTRY DlTISIOK.

Commander : Lieul.-Goueml v. BudritzLi.

General Stafi' : Captain v. Weihcr.

Adjutniitd : (1) Ist Lieut, liaron v. Lilicueron Isl,

3rd Guard Laneers : (2) 1st Liciit. v. A'iobahn,

Ist Grenadiers of the Guard.

3aD GrAED lyFAKTiiT LiiiOADE : Colou:l Knappc

T. Knappstadt.f

Ist Grenadici-s of the GuriJ, Coloiici v. Zeimer •

3rd Grenadiers of the Guar.l, Licut.-Coloncl v.

Bcmhardi (temp.)

3
3

3
3
3

3
3

m
C

1 1

* On couimaiul. Replaced by Major Passow.

t Owinir to wouiidf, replaced by Colonel Count v. Kanitz.

155t

tTn GuABD lN7A2rTBY Bbigadb : Major-Gkueral

V. Berger.

2nd Grenadiers of tho Guard, Llcat.-Colonel v.

Bocbn

4tk Grenadiers of tho Guard, Major t. Rosenberg

(temp.)

Guard Sharpshooters Battalion, Major r. Boeltzig
2nd Guard Lancers, H.S.H. the Grand Duke Prince

Henry of Hesse iind bei Bhcin ....
3rd Field Division Guard F. A. Begiment (5th

and 6th Heayy, 6th and 6th Light Batteries),

Lieut.-Colonel r. Beinbaben ....
2nd Field Pioneer Companj irith Entrenching

Tool Column, Captain t. Spankercn -
3rd Field Pioneer Company, Capain t. Krauso* -
No. 2 Sanitary Detaohment

Total of 2nd Guard Infantry Division

GuABB CataIiBY DmsiON.

Commander : Lieut.- (General Count t. d. Goltz.

General Staff : Major y. Saldem-Ahlimb.

Adjutants : (1) Captain t. Katto, 3rd Guard Lan-
cers ^ (2) Captain y. Britzke, Cavalry of 2nd
Guard Landwehr Begiment.

1st Guabd Catalby Bbioadb: Major-General
Count y. Brandenburg Ist.

Gardes du Corps Begiment, Colonel y. Krosigk
Guard Cuirassiers, Colonel Baron y. Brandenstein

2in> Guabd Cavalby Brigade : Lieut.-Goneral
H.B.H. Prince Albrecht of Pnissia Ilnd.

Personal Adjutants: (1) Captain v. Morckel,t
General Staff J (2) Count v. Amim, Carah'y of
2ud Guard Landwehr Kof^iment; (3) Captain
Count V. d. Schulcnburg-Wolfsburp, a la suite
2nd Dragoons.

1st Lancers of the Guard, Liout.-Coloucl y. BochoTf
8rd Lancers of tho Guard, Colouei Prince
Frederic William of Hohcnlobe-Ingelfingcn

•ft
o
a

•w

3
3
1

•n

1
1

24r

•1.

— 14 —

» Otherwise employed. Bcpkced by 1st Lieut, v- Wittonburg.
t Attached to the 6th Cayafry Division as Staff Officer.

ISfiJ

8bd Qvaxd Cayauit Bsioadb : Major-G(«nenl
Count T. Brandenborg 11.

Itt Dngooni of the Gtuurd, Major r. Biofowsld -

2nd BiBfloons of tiie Qtiard, Major Baron v.

Zedliti-jdeipe

Total Gkttrd OaTalry DiTuion

COBPS AsTiLLSBT: Colonel t. Holden-Samowski.

n. A. DiTision Guard F. A. Begiment (1st, 2nd,
and 3rd H. A. Batteries), Major Boron t. Bud-
denbrook

2nd Field DiTirion Guard F. A. Regiment (8rd
and 4th HeaTj, Srd and 4th Light Batteries),
Major T. Krieger

No. 8 Sanitary Dotaohment

Total Corps Artillery

COLonrs DlTXBXOKS, Guard F. A. Begiment,
Captain r. Graerenits.

Artillery Ammunition Columns, Kos. 1 to 5 ; In-
fantry Ammunition Columns, Nos. 1 to 4 j Pon-
toon Column.

GxTABD Tbaik Battaliok, Major t. Schiokfus.

Beserre Hospital Bep^t, Horse Bepdt, Field Bakery
Column, Commissariat Columns, Nos. 1 to 5 ;
Field Hospitals, Nos. 1 to 12; Train Escort
Squadron.

18
2^1

157 J

rVxH Army Corps.
General Commanding: General v. Alyenslbben 1st.

Chief of the Staff: Colonel v. ThUe.
Commanding Aiidlleiy : Maior^General v. Scherbening.
Commanding Engineers and Pioneers : LieiU- Colonel v. Eltester.
General StiS*: (1) Major v. Wittich; (2) Captain v. Heinec-

^ ciufl; (3) Captain v. Stiickradt.
Adjutants: (1) Captain Sucro, 4ird Segiment; (2) 1st Lieut.

V. KUtsdng, Z\st Regiment; (3) 2nd Lieut, v. Dewall, 16^A

Txincers.
2nd Engineer Officer : Captain Enappe.
Commander of Head-quarter Guard : lat LieuL v. d. Osten, 12^

Bunare.

PRESENT AT HEAD-QUARTERS.

Lieut.-General H.S.H. Frederick the Hereditary Prince

OF Anhalt.

•

Engineer
Companies.

7th ISlkVTXt DlYISIOV.

Commander : Lieut • General r. Groes or r.

Schwanhoff.
General Staff : Captain Bergmann.
Adjntanta : (1) Captain StoU, 60th Regiment j (2)

iBt Lieut. T. Jagow, Reeerre of 7th CuiraseierB.*

13th IiTTAKTBT BfixaADE : Major-General t.

Boirie8.t

2ebh Regiment, Colonel r. Schmeling •
e6th Regiment, Lieut.-Colonel r. Rauchaupt

3
3

—

14th IN7AKTBT BsiaAPB : Mftjor-General t.

Zjchlinski.

27th Regiment, Colonel t. Fressentin •
93rd Regiment, Colonel t. Eroaigk]:

3
3

—

* Wounded and replaoed by Lieut, r. Wcrder, 7th Dragoons
t Owinff to wounds replaced by Colonel t. Krosigk.
X On other emploT- Replaced by Major t. Fuchs.

158t

4tli Biflc Battalion, Major Baron v. LcttoT^-

Vorbeck*

7th Dragoons, Lient.-Colonol Baron t. Scblcinitz -

Ist Field Dirision, 4tli F. A. Bogimont (1st and

2nd HeaTy, Ist and 2ud Light Batteries) , Ldeut.-

Colonel T. FrcThold

2nd F. Pioneer Companr, irith EntrRnchxng-Tool

Column, Captain Tetzlaif

8rd F. Pioneer Company, Captain t. Waascrschleben
No. I Sanitary Detachment

Total of 7tli Infantry DiTiaon •

STH lKPA2fTBY DlTIBIOV.

Commander : Licut.-General t. Schooler.
Oonerol Staff : Captain r. Alton.
Adjutants : (1) Captain Bchcnk, Dth Lancer.^ ; (3)
2nd Lieut. Kempe, 8Gth Fusiliers.

Present at Head-quarters.

M^or-Gencral Prince Gkorgo of Schinirzburg-

findolstodt.
Adjutant: Captain Boron v. Hnmbmcht, d h

iuiU 96Ui Begiment.

15te IWAiTTiiT BniOADE: Major-Qeneral r.

Keasler.

31st Begiment, Colonel t. Bonin • - -
71st Begiment, Lieut. -Colonel r. Kloeden

IBth Ikpastbt Bbioade i Colonel t. Schcfllcr.

86th Fusiliere, Coloud v. Horn

UGLh Begimcui, Lieut. -Colonel v. Kedern

12th Hussars, Lieut. -Colonel t. Suckow

2ml Field Division, Itli F. A. Reeiment (3rd and
•1th licavy, 3rd and ilh Lijiht Batteries), Major
V. Gilsa • •

Ibt Field Pioneer Coin]>any, \rith Light Field
Bridge Train, Captain Sehuitz Istf •

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

cr. B

s a

3
3

Total of 8th Infantry Dirision

1*3

as.

1
1

! O •

4 24

* Owinjr to \^■ounds replaced by Captain Baron t. Beibnitz.
t Owing to iU-hcalth replaccc^ by 1st Lient. Augustin.

159t

Corps Abtillebt : Colonel Crnaius.

H. A. Bivuion, 4tii F. A. ncirimont (2ad and 8rd
n. A. Batteries), Ijieut.-Coloncl Forst

3rd Field Diyision, 4th F. A. Regiment (5th and
6th Hoayy, 5th and 6th Light Batteries), Major
Steltzer* - ,

No. 3 Sanitary IJetochmont - - • • -

Total of Corps Artillery ....

Co£VUKS Dinsi02r| 4th E. A. Begimant, Major

Meitner.

Artillery Ammnnition Columns, Nos. 1 to 6 ; In-
fantiy Ammnnition Columns, Kos. 1 to 4 ; Pon-
toon Column.

4th Tbatet Battaiioit, Major r. Wyssogota-

Zalcnewski.

Beserre Hospital Depdt, Horse BopAt, Field Bakery
Column, Commissariat Columns, Kos. I to 5 ;
Field Hospitals, Nos. 1 to 12; Train Escort
Squadron.

12
21.

Xnth (Royal Saxon) ^Vbmy Corps.

General Co^iMAXBiNa: Lieut.-General H.B.H. Prince

GEORaE OF Saxony.

Personal Adjutant : Captain v. Ehrensteiu.

Chief of the Staff : Colonel v. ZezBchwitz.t

Commanding Artillery : Afajor-Geneml Kohler.

Commanding EngineeiB and Pioneers : Major Klemm.

General Staff: (1) Captain v. Reyher; (2) Captain Daron v.
Hodenberg.

Adjutants: (1) Captain v. Minckwitz 1st, \2ili Bifle Battalion;
(2) 1st Lieut. Miiller v. Bemeck, lOlst Grenadiers; (3) 1^^
Lieut. V. Schimpff, Gvard Cavalry RegimenU

* Owing to ill-health replaced hy Captain Seebach.

t Owing to ill-health replaced by Lieut. -Colonel Schubert.

160t

23bd Itfahtbt Dirmov.

Oammander : Major-Geneml r. Hontb < (temp.).
Geoeral Staff: (1) Lieat-ColoDel Bchnbert; (2)

(2) Oftptoin T. Treitschke.
Adjutant : Captain t. Minckwiti Ilnd, lOSnd B«gi-

ment.

45THlirvAiiTBTBRXOii>x: Colonel Gftiten (temp.).

100th Grenadiers,*^ Colonel r. Bex

lOlst Grenadiers, Colonel t. Serdliti-Gerstenbergf

106th Sharpshooters, Colonel Buon t. Hansen

46th iHTAimtT BsioiSE: Major-Genenil r.

Montbd.]!

102nd Regiment, Colonel Bndorff

lOSrd Begiment, Colonel Dietndi • . •

Ist CavalrT Begiment, lieut-Colonel r. Sahr
Ist Field Division, 12th F. A. Regiment (Ist and
2nd HeftTj, Ist and 2nd Light Batteries), Lient-

Coloncl T. Watsdoxf

2nd Field Pioneer Company, irith Entrenching-Tool

Column, Oqitain Bichter

4ih Field Pionser Company, Captain Friedrich
Ko. 1 Sanitary Detachment - - • •

a
a

H(3

3
3
8

3
3

Total 23rd Infantry Dtrision

24Tn Ikyavtbt DirmoK.

Commander : Lieat.-Gknenl Kehrhoff t. Holder*

berg.
General Staff: (1) Major r. Ttctdnky n. Bdgen-

dorff ; (2) Captain t. Bulow.
Adjutant: 1st Lieut, t. Carioiritz, 12th Bifle

Battalion.

47Tn Iktaktilt Bbigade : Major>Geneml r.

LGonhardi.§

104th Begimeni, Colonel t. £lteriein|
105th Begiment, Colonel t. Tettau
12th Bifle Battalion,ir lieut.-Colonel Count
Holtsendorff

1
1

3
3

1 —

• The 1st and 2nd battalions irere with the 1st CaTalry Division.

t Otherwise employed. Replaced by Lieut.-Colonel t. Schimpff.

X Otherwise empioTccl. Beplaced by Colonel t. Seydlitx-Gerstenbcrg.

§ Owing to wounds replaced by Colonel t. Elterlein.

|< Otherwise employed. Beplaoed by Lieut.-Colonel ▼. Schumann.

•" The biittalion was nttoohed to the 12th Camlrr Division.

lOlt

s
o

48th Iitvahtbt Bbioadb : Major-Q«iieral t.

Schul2.*

106th Begiment, Colonel ▼. Abendrothf
107th Begiment, Colonel Baron t. Lindenumt
13th Bide Battalion, Major t Uoti§

2nd CaTolrj Begiment, Lieat.-Colonel Gonthe

2nd Field Diyision, 12th F. A. Begiment (3rd and
4th HeaTT, Srd imd 4th Light Batteries), Lieut.-
Colonel Bichter

Srd Field Pioneer Companj, withLight Field Bridge |
Tnin, Captain Schubert • . . .

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment • - • . .

3
3
1

Total of 24th Infimtry DiTision

12tb Catalbt Biyisiov.

Commander : Licut.-Gkneral Count sur Lippe.
General Staff ; Captain t. Kirehbaoh.
Adjutant : Ist Lieut, t. £dnnorits.

33BD Catalbt BBiaADi *. Major-Gkneral Krug t.

Nidda.

• t

Guard Cavalry Begiment, Colonel t. Corlowits
17th Lancers, Colonel t. Miltitz ...

24th Catalby Bbioadb : Major-(jkuerttl SeuiTt v

Pilsaoh.

Srd CaTalry Begiment, Colonel v. Stondtfeet -
18th Lancers, I^ut.>Colonel t. Trosky •
1st H. A. Battery, 12th F. A. Begiment, Captain
Zenker

Total of 12th Carolry Division

C0BP8 Abtillbbt : Colonel Funcke.||

Srd Field Division, 12th F. A. Begiment (5th and
6th Heavy, 6th Light Buttery), Major iiooh

.s ^

— IG

* Owing to wounds replaced by Colonel v. Abendroth.
t Otherwise employed. Eeploced by Major v. Mandelsloh.
t Owing to illness replaced by Major v. Bosso.
§ Owing to illness replaced by Captain Waldo.
Owing to wounds replaced by Lieut.-Colonel Oertel.

162}

dill Field Dinsion, 12lli F. A. Ecpimcnt (7th and
8th HmvT, Glh Light Bnttory, and 2iid 11. A.
liattcn*), Licut.-Coiouel Oertclf

Ko. 3 Sanitarr Detachment

lotal of CorjM Artillery . - . .

CoLT73cr8 BmsiON, 12th F. A. Bogimonty Lieut.-

Colonel Schor]uer4

Artillery Ammunition Columns, Ko3. 1 to 5 ; In-
fantry Ammunition Columns, Nos. I to 4 ; Pon<
toon Golumu.

12Tn Tbain Battaiiok, Colonel Schmolz.

Bcserrc Hospital Depot, Ilorso De])<5l, Field Bakery
Column, Commissariat Columns, Kos. 1 to 5 ;
Field Uospitab, Kcf. 1 to 12 ; Tniin Escort
Squadron.

WUETTBilBEBG FlELD BlVISIOl?.

Commander t Lieut .-Gcncml t. Obcmitz, Prussism

Armr.
Chief of tho Stiff : Colonel t. Triebig.
Commanding Artillery : Colonel r. Sick.
Commanding Engineers :. Caplaiu Schott t.

Sehottenstein.
General Staff: (1) Captain r. Falkenstein ; (2) 1st

Lieut. Jager ; (3) 1st Lieut, t. W'iederliokl.
Staff for Interior Economy : (1) Licut.-Coloncl

Perglcr v. Perglos ; (2) Captain Reibcl.
Adjutants : (1) Captain Count v. Dillcn, 3r.l

Caralry ; (2) Captain r. Stoseh, 4th PrussLnn

Bide Battahon; (3) 1st Lieut, r. Langenbeck,

Prussian Cuirassiers of the Q-uard.
Commander of the Head-quarter Guard : Captain

Heinrich.
Attached to the Staff : Mai or v. Lattre, Prussian

Stair.

1st Field BniOADE i ^aior-GcncrJ v. licitzcnsttiii.

General Staff : Ca]>tain Pfaff.

let Rcjrimcnt, Colonel v. Berber - - . -

7th Bcffiment. Colonel v. Bampacher -

2nd Bille Battalion, Lieut .-Colonel v. Kiiorz;.r

Ist Sanitary Division

2
1

■a

y -

eg.

s o

O I

* Tho battery Tvas attached to the 12th Cavalry Division,
t Otlierwise c:n])loTcd. Replaced by Major v. d. Pforte.
X On ueeount ot wounds replaced by Muior Brui^ko.

ir,3t

2ki> Field Bbioadb : jVIajor-Gkncral t. StorkloiT.

General Staff : Captain Sarwor.

2nd Begimcnt, Colonel r. Rin^ler . • - .

5th Beffiment, Colonel t. Uiiffel Ist • • •

3rd Eiflo Battalion, Liout.-Colonol t. Link -

3iu> ^IEZJ> BniaADE : Major-Gkoeral t. Hilgel.*

General Staff: Captain SohiU.
3rd Regiment, Colonel r. Pfeiffelmann • - -
8th Regiment, Colonel t. Mauohf - - . -
Ist Rifle Battalion, Lieut. -Colonel y. Brondenstein
No 8 Sanitary Diyiaion -•••-.

3
03

-I

2
2
1

Cayaibt Bbioadb : Major-Gkneral Count v.

Schiler.

General Staff : Captain Count r. Zeppelin.
Ist CiiTolry Regiment, Colonel r. Ilarung
3rd Cavalry Regiment, Colonel t. Folkonstein
4ith Cayalry Regiment, Colonel Count y. Kormonn-
Ehionfeu.

.VSTILLEUT.

1st F. Artillery Dirision (1st 6-pr., 2nd and 3rd

4-pr. Batteries), Liout.-Coloncl v. Marchtoler -
2nd F. Artillery Division (Ith and 5th 4-pr., 6tli

6-pr. Batteries), Lieut.-Colonol v. Roschmonn
3rd F. Artillery Division (7th and 8th 4rpr., 9th

6-pr. Batteries), Major Jicnz . . . .
Pioneer Corps, "with Bridge Train and Entrenching-

Tool Column, Licut.-C^lonel Ldfller -
Horsed Ammunition Reserve (Columns Nos. 1, 2, and

3), Captain Cuhorst

Tbain : Captain Uhland.

Sanitary Division No. 4, Ilorae Depot, Field
Abattoir, Field Bakery, Commissariat Columns,
Nos. 1 to 4 ; Field Ilospitals, Nos. 1 to G.

Totd Wurttomberg Field Division

4
o

IS
13

:.i.

* Omng to sickness replaced by Colonel y. Maueh.

t Otherwise employed. Replaced by licut. -Colonel v. Schroder.

lG4t

APPENDIX XCVI.

ORDER OF BATTLE

Of the 2nd Paris Army.
(8th November, 1870.)

Co3imander-in-Chi£f : General Duobot

Chief of the Staff: General Appert.
Commanding Artillery: G^n^raf Fr^banlt.
Commanding Engineei*s: General Tripier.

1st Army Corps.

General Commandinp;: 6^7169^7/ Blanchai*d.
Chief of the Staff: Colonel Filippi.
Commanding Artilleiy : General Renault d'Ubexi.
Commanding Engineers : General Dupouet.

—

Battalions.

Guns.

18T IlTTJkirTBT DrTUIOK.

Commander: G(«neral de Malroj.

Ist Brigade : Gkneml KartenM.

lst/2nd, 4th Ille and Yilaine Battalions . . . .
Ist, 2nd, 3rd, 4th C6te d'Or Battalions . > . .

2nd Brigade : General Paturc].

121st Regiment of the Line

122nd Regiment of the line

3
3

—

Artiller>'.

3 batteries

—

Total of 1st DiTidon ....

2nd Ikfaktet DrrisiON.*

Commander : Goncral dc MaiuVLu}-.

1st Bri^do : Gcncml Valcntiu.

109th Reciment of tlie Line

110th Regiment of the Line

2nd, Si*d, 4th, 6th Finist^ro Battalions ....

3
3

—

* At Inched to Ord Am.' .

^-^^

1651

2iid Brigade : General Blaife.

111th Begiment of the Line - - • •
112th Begiment of the Line ....

Total of 2nd Diyieion -

3bd Ivpaktst DmsioM.

Commanding: General Faron.

1st Brigade : Colonel Comte.

118th Begiment of the Line - - • -
114th Begiment of the Line . - • -
Isti 2nd, Srd Vendue Battalions . • •

2nd Brigade : General de la Kariouee.

85th Begiment of the Line ....
42nd Begiment of the Line . . . •

Artilleiy.
8 batteriet •--••--

Total of Srd BiTiaion -

Beeerre Artillery.
6 batteries

Battalions.

3
3

3
3
8

8
3

Guns.

2nd Army Corps.

General CommandiBg : General Baron Renault.
Chief of the Staff: General Ferri-Pisani.
Commanding Artillery : General Boieeonnet,
Commanding Engineers : Colonel Corbin.

l8T Intaktbt Divibioh.
Commander : General Baron Sosbielle.

1st Brigade : General Ladreit de la Charri^re.

115th Begiment of the Line

116th Begiment of the Line

I Battalions.

3
3

Guns.

166t

BftttalioDs.

Gum.

2nd Brigade : G-enenl Leoomte.

117th Regiment of the Line
118th Regiment of the line

Aitillerj.

8 batteries

Total of let Biriiion

8
8

18
18

2irD Ihiahtbt DnmiON.

Commander : General Berthant.

1st Brigade : General B^oher.

119th Reginient of the line
120th Regiment of the Line -

2nd Brigade: Colonel de Miribel.

2nd, 8id, 4th, 5th Loiret Battalions
1st, 4th, 5th Lower Seine Battalions •
2nd Drome Battalion ....

Artillery.

3 batteries

Total of 2nd Diriaion

3
3

4
8
1

18
18

8bd lirpAVTBT Drrmox.

Commander : General de Maussion.

Ist Brigade : General Courty.

12Srd Regiment of the Line
124th Recent of the Line

2nd Brigade : General Arril de TEndos.

126th Regiment of the line
126th Regiment of the line

8 batt^rie^i

Artillery.

Total of 3rd Piyision

3
8

8
3

5 batteries

Reserye Artilleir.

167t

3rd Armt Corps.

General Commanding : General d'Ex^.
Chief of the Staff: Colonel de Belgaric.
Commanding Artillery: General Princeteau«
Engineer : Colonel Ragon.

llT IirYAlTTBT BmBIOV.

Conmiander t Gknenl de BeUemare.

let Brigade : Colonel Foumte.

ithZoa&TM

186th Begimeiit of the line . - - •

2nd Brigade : Colonel Colonien.

let, 2nd, 8rd, 4th Seine and Biame Battalions
Ist, 2nd, 6th Morbihan Battaliona -

Artillery.

3 batteries

Total of 1st Dirision

2XD IVVAiraBT DiTISIOK.

Commander: Q«neral Miattat.

Ist Brigade: Colonel Bonnet.

106th Regiment of the Line

106th Regiment of the Line ...

2nd Brigade : General Dandel.

107th Regimeut of the Line ...
108th Regiment of the Line - . -

G«rde Mobile Brigade : Colonel Reille.

Ist, 2nd, 3rd Tarn Battalions
8rd Lower Seine Battalion

Artillery.

8 batteries

Totol of 2nd Dirision

Battalions.

3
3

4
3

3
3

3
1

0ttns.

X 2

168$

Sqnadnm.

Catalbt Dituiok.
Commander : Ghenenl Count de Champ^n.

lit Brigade : General de Gerbroia.

Isi Dragons de Marche

2nd DngoiDM de Harohe

2nd Brigade : General Conain.

let Chanenrs

9th ChaMeiin

let Gent d'armes

Total ....

4,
4,

4
4

6 batteries

10 batteries

Beserre AitSBmj,

General Artilleiy Beeerre of 2nd Army,

Guns.

169^

APPENDIX XCVII.

Returk of Casualties of the IIIro Armt and of the A^mt of the Meuse,

irom let November to 5th December, 1870.

Staff and Regiment.

Killed,
or Died of
Woonde.

Wonnded.

Uiacbig.

TotaL

AimyCoipe.

•

o
S

•

xnth

Ilnd BftT. - .
W&rttemberg
HeldDiTB. •

Chuurd
rvth- -

IlBdBAT.- -

Vth - - -
Vlth- - -

Wflrttemberg
Field Divn. •

Vlth- - -

Warttemberg
FleidDinL -

Vlth- - -

Vth - - -
Vlth- - -

Vth - . -

Vlth- - -
Wflrttemberg
Field Divn. -

DiTB. • -

nnd- - -
Vtti - - -
Vlth- - -

nnd Bar. -

let Korember.

102Dd Regiment- ....
eth Regiment

7th Regiment - ^ - - -

2nd Norember.
2nd Orenedien of the Qoard -

ftttft.h Vn«l1{*va - _ . . -

—

1
1

1
"l

-•

1
1

2
2

1
1

2
1

—

1
1

4
1
1
1

2
2

}

1
1

1
I

2
2

2
I

2
2
2

1
1

—

ODHl IFUaUlVIa - - - - -

6th Regiment

8th Rifle Battalion - . - .

Srd Norember.

7th Qrenadiers

10th Grenadlen- . - - -

4th Norember.
2nd Riile Battalion . . . -

62nd Regiment - . ' . .
6Srd Regiment •

1st Regiment
8th Regiment

6th NoTomber.

Slit Regiment - - • -
6Srd Regiment •

7th November.

47thRegtaBent .....
87th FiuiliefB

KiMfe 11*iHinAiit .....

OXBB iMmi iironw — . . . •

8th November.

68th Regiment

6Mi Fusilien

6th Rifle Battalion - - - .

lit Goard Landwehr Regiment
9th November.

Klfch 1l*a4tnimt .....

—

87thFusilien

99ffMl B^u III tout .....

—

68rd Regiment .....
16th Regiment

—

170$

Staff and Begiment.

Killed,
or Died of
WoundB.

Wounded.

Mining.

Total.

AnnyOoipf.

1 e

•

o
X

•

■

•

Men.

WQrttttnbcrff
Field Dim. -

Qnard LMidw.
Dtra. . .

Vth - - -
Xltli- - -

Onard

WilTtlCBlbWf]^

Field IMm. -

Ooard

IVth- - -

Vth - . -

Vlth - - -
Warttmberg
FteldJDim. ■

Ilnd . • -
Vth - - -

Vlth- - -

XUth- - -

Ooard

Vlth . . -
Warttenbtrg
FieldlMTn. -1

1
i

Vth - - -:

Vlth- - -J
Xlth - - - i
WflrttMDberg
Field INTn. -

nnd - - -
Vth - -

Xlth - - -

JInd B«T. -
Wurttemberf;
>ield Divn. - i

\
I

rvth - • - 1

Vlth - - - 1
Xllth - -
Warttrmberg
Field Dim. -

Vlth - - -
Xllth-

t litBeglaMnt

1 lit Qnazd Laadwehr Begiment-

10th NoTtmber.

i 68th Regiment

1 80th FnsiUera

nth Notember.

lit Foot Onardt . . . .
4th Foot OnardB . . . .

TthBegimcnt

I2th HoTember.

2nd Foot Onardt- . . . .

93rd Regiment

1 58th Regiment

1 37th Fofilien

1 SBthFoailien

2nd BUe Battalion . . . .

18th NoTMBber.

Mth Regiment

«8th Regiment

38thFnsi1ieni

23Td Regiment

108th FluUicn

14th November.

4thOrenadieno#theOnaid •
38thFaallien

7th Regiment

15th Norember.

58thBeglment '

loth Orenadiera

87th Regiment <

7thBegiment

Itth Norember.

42nd Begiment

58th Regiment

iBOth Regiment

87th Regiment

88th Resriment

6lh Regiment

2nd Rifle Battalion - . -
5thRegiaient •

17th November.

71stReciment

10th Qrenadien«- - - -
104th Regiment

8th Begiment

18tb November.

10th Grenadiers-

51«tRe{riment

106th Reaiment

1 m^

• ^^

~ 1

1
1

1 1

; 2

1
1

2
1

II II Ml llllll 1 1 i It 1 MM II 1 1 II 11 II II II 1 1 III

1
4

1
3

4
1
1
1

I
1

1
1

I
1

•*"

1
1

r
1

1 4

■II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 Ml 1 1 1 1 llllll llllll III II II

171}

KUled,
or Died of

Wounded.

Missing.

Total.

Anny Corps.

Staff and Bai^iiiieat.

•

■
o

■

•

o
X

•

o
S

•

5th CaT. DiTa. -

ISth Dracoont ... - -

11#h IV«iaaa>w - - _ - •

—

1
1

1
3

1
4
1

1
1
3
7
2
1

1
2

1
1
1

3
1
1

1
2
2

1
9

1
2
2

• •

I
3

1
1

1
2
1

1
2

6
2

1
3
1

1
5

4
1

1
1
3
7
2
1

1
1
1

1
3

1
1
1
2

1
1
1

1
2
2

1
12

1
9

3
3

IlndBaT. •

WarttMnberf

Field Diyn. -
Guard Land. DIt.
5th CaT. Dim. -

19thKoT«iBber.
3rd BattaUoa lith Begiment -

2ttd Blfla Battalion . . - -

7th Cninusien

13th Draffoooa

1T*k If ■!■•«■« . . • • -

—"

1
2

T
1

3
5

Vth - - -
Vlth - -
Xlth-

IVth -
Vth - -
Vlth- - -

IlndBaT. - -

Vth - - -
Vlth - - -

WQrttenberg
Field DIvn. -

5th CaT. IMtii. -

rvth-

Vth -

XUth

Guard Land. DIt.

5th Gar. Dim. -

Vlth-

XUth - -

Und BaT. -

5th Car. Dim. -

IVth- - -
Vth - - -
Vlth - - -
5th CaT. IMtii. -

Guard

Guard Land.DlT.

5th CaT. Dim. -

Vlth- - -

lit H. A. Batty. IVth Anny Corpa -

20th KoTembor.

47th BeKimant

51atBeKiment

8Znd Regiment

2 let Norembar.

eath Begiment

87thFu8iiien

18th Beiriment

51stBeKiment

22ttd Regiment

9th Regiment

22nd KoTember.

5th Field Artillenr Regiment •

18th Regiment

23rd Regiment

2nd Rifle Battalion . . - -

2nd Regiment

13th Lancers

lOthHoeean

23rd November.

Mth Regiment

47th Regiment

Head-quarters Stafr . - - -
let Guai d Landwehr Regiment
13th Lancers . - . . -
16th Lancers

24th NoTomber.

18th Regiment

108th Fusiliers

6th Regiment . . . > >
6th Bifle Battalion ....

25th NoTember.

98rd Regiment

7th Grenadiers

38thFutiUers

lOthHnssais

26th Norember.

iBt Foot Guards ....
2nd Oren. Guards Land. Regiment -

lOth Hussars

17th Hussars

26th and 27th November.

1
1

flteff and Bcflaoit.

Killed,
or Died of
Woonds.

Wooadcd.

MWng

TMal.

AmyCorpt.

•

■

•

■
X

STthNoftmbcr.

WOrttmberff
FlaldDiTn. •

82Dd BegiflMnt

Srd Baglinciit

28th Noftmber.

—

2
1

—

Qvard

Vlth - - -
II nd BaT. -
6th CftT. IHTn. -

lit Foot Qnard* . . . .
2nd Foot Ooards ....
10th OrsnadipTi . . . .
Srd Battalion 11th B«glflMnt -

10th Diaipooni

ISth Diagooof

S9th NoTcmber.

—

1
1

—

2
6

1
1

nrth- - -

Vth - - -

96thBef1nCTit

4th Pionrcr Battalion

r8th Betriment

MNh Beirimrat

47th KcKiment

Ath Rifle HattAlion ....

—

6
2

—

«...

4
1
8
1
1
6
1
1

—

4
1
8
1
1

11
3
1

—

Zllth - -

87th Fufiiliers

lOfrth Befdment

...

Vlth- - -
Ilnd Bat. -

10th Omiadiert ....

8th Dragnons

22nd Kcffiment

62nd Brsiment

23rd Rrffiment .....

63rd lieviro^nt

6th Kirld Artillery Betriment -
9th lieffiment .....

1
12

12
1
2

46
8

86
2
9

—

6
6

—

18
1
2

68
4

47
2

ArtiUerj I>ivn. 4th Infantrj Divn. \
from 4th Artillerj Reiriment - j

Benenre Artillery Dim. 2nd Art-)
illery Kegiment • • j

—

110

—

144

80th NorenbcT.

S«oA«Bisirr AT Uoirr Mhlr.

9th Orf!nAdi#ni • • • • -

7
4

29
12

—

— .

Ilnd >

49th Begiment

Total Ilnd Army Coipt

—

WOrttemberg
Field Divn. -

2ndBefrim«nt

8rd llifir Kattalion ....
Staff 3rd Kirl.1 Brig. ....

3r<l licfrinirnt

8th Uecimrnt

Stnfr ot Cavalry Brindc -

1st Cavalry Keffiment

Srd Cavnlrv RpiriRiint

3rd Field Arcilicry Division -

Total Wontemberir Field Dim. -
HaiLT.

1
2

4
1

4
2

2
2

67
34

66
36

6
2

1
1

2
10
10

—

1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

—

2
8

101
39

89
43

6
2

14
10

209

—

280

250

—

332

IVth - - -

26th Regiment

66th Regiment

7th Draffoona .....
IK Field Divn.

—

1
1

17
1

—

^..

—

173$

Staff and Begimoit.

Killed,
or Died of
Wounds.

Wonndad.

Missing.

Total.

ImyCkyrpa.

■

3
2

o
X

1
•

•

IVth - - •

8Ut ReeimMit

71stRc(riinent

No. 2 Sanitary Detachment

8rd Foot Oaarda- . . . •
4th Foot Gitarde . , . -

96th Reffiment

59th Regiment

5th Bifle BattaUon - . - -

lAth f1 1 11 II Mill HI ■ _ - _ _

19
37

—

4
7

—

7
10

74
195

Onard

IVth - - -
Vth - - -

Vltli-

1
2
I
9

1
1

4
2

1
3

3
15

1
_1

1
2

8
11

160

6
1
2
1
3
3
15
8
8
3
6

3
2

4
1

160

255
33

4
35

1
3

5
9

1
1

64
128

1
2

15
2

295

1
3
2
5
4
24
12
8
8
7
1
3
8
1
2
2

1
4
1

198

412

178

nadBAT. - -
6CliCaT.I>Tn.-

Vltli - - -
XUtli- ' r
5th Car. Divn, -

znth

5l8tBeffiment

22nd Reiriment - - - - -

23TdBeinmont

63rd Regiment

6th Field Artillery Regiment •

6th Reiriment

14th Regiment

I5th Regiment

10th Rifle BattaUon . . . -
16tta Lanoera . . . . -
13th Dragoone.

let December.

5l8t Regiment

102nd Regiment ....
19th Dragoons

BArru or Viuina.

(30th November, 1st Day).

104ti| Regiment . . . .
lO&tta Regiment ....
Staff 48th Infantry Brigade

106th Regiment

107th Regiment ....
2nd Car. Regiment ....
2nd Field Division - . . -
8th Heavy and 6th Light Batteries
Coips Artillery ....

Total JUIth Army Corps -

let Regiment • . ^ . -

7th Reiriment

tnd Rifle BattaliOD . . . .

6
3

7
8

"I
11

T
I

WOrttMnberg
Field D|v9. -

188

116
65
37
12

27
22

10
4
8

1
22

472

259
139
82
27
2
24
14

10
10

212

6
2

1
2

17
7
6

822

380

206

120

8
I

•

4th Cavalry Regiment . - .

let Field Artillery Division

2nd Field Artillery Division - -

Total Warttemberg Field Divn. •

i>*y>.

2nd December.

<2nd Day).

Staff 8rd Infantry Division

2nd Grenadiers

2
87
88

248

547

—

806

JJ^^ • • •

386

15
26

2
2

12
6
6

1019

"l
20

230

125

and

Staff So

irg.

222

18
8

1627

1
21

284
101
151
and
Ittff 8i]
3

114
1

Staff 6th Infantry Brigads-

14th Regiment

54th Regiment

8rd Dragoons . . . • .
Staff 7th Infantry Brigade

6
2
3

"5
2

174$

ArmjCorpt.

Und

ZUth

Warttenbenr
FitldDiTD.

Vlth- -
Und BftT. -
5th GftT. DiTB.

Und -
IVth - -
Vlth -
XUth

WflTttanberg
tMAJAm.

IVth-
Vlth-
ZUth

OnMd Laadnehr
OtTlsloii

Staff and B«glment.

0th Orenadiera •
49th Befrimeot -
2nd Field ArtUlery Bagintnt

2nd Pioneer Battalion
Total Und Army Corps

100th Body Guard Orenadlan
108th roeilien -

104th Rerlment
107th Regiment
13th Rifle Battalion •
2nd Caralry Regiment
2nd Field Division -
12th Pioneer Battalion
Sanitary Detachmenu

Total XUth Afiny Corps

Staff iBt Field Brigade

1st Refdment •

7th Beirimcnt -

2nd Rifle BattaUon

2nd Beglnent -

6th Beffiment -

8rd Rifle Battalion

8th Begiment -

1st Field Artillery Ditision

Total WOrttenberg Field Dim.

Total Battia or ynxma

(2nd Day.)

Killed,
or Died of
Wounds.

B
o

7
2

87
68
19

242

2
81

Wooadcd.

— 6
13 127
and
1 Staff Surg.-
Major.

1
5
1

6
89
II

— 1

I 20 I 190 11
and
1 Staff Srnig.-
Major.

51tt Regiment -
6th Reiriment -
19th Dragoons -
17th Hi

3
6

119

230

8 241
20 322 1

4 59 27

and
1 Assiak-Surg

60 1096
and
1 SUff Sarg.
1 Assist.-Sarg

2
6

60 662 129

and

1 Staff Surg.'

Uaior.

8rd December.

2nd Pioneer Battalion
4tta Rifle BattaUon -
8th Dratroow -
103rd Regiment -
105thRegiment-

1st Cavalry Begiment

4th December.

4th Pioneer Battalion
18th Begiment -
let Cavalry Regiment
105th Refiment

4th and 5th Deoembcr.
2nd Oren. Oatrd Landwr. Regiment ' —

7
417

22
146

81
2
1

628

228

4
23

o
S

TotaL

e
t

4
25

281
8

14 302
27 415
6 78 1110

and
1 Assist.-

119

117 2168
and
1 Staff Snrgn.
1 Asaist.-Sorg

2
1

381

48
66

120

1367

and

1 Staff Sorg.

1 AssUt-Surg

18 I 1
633 I 7

and

1 Staff SorgeoD-

Major

466

6
1

51 11199 15

and
1 Staff Snrg.
Major

530

6
19
11

I
3

200
413

138

6
6
9
4
23

794

179 18860 178

and
1 Staff Sorg.-

M«)or.
1 Staff Sarg.
1 Assist-Snrg.

8
8
2

175t

Staff tad Begintnt.

Killed,
or Died of
Woonda.

Wonnded.

MiaaiBff.

Total.

Armj Corpt.

•

o
X

■

•

Onaid

Ilnd - - -

6th December.

let Foot Guards

Ist Oivnadier Guarda

3rd Grpnadier Guard! . . .

—

1
1

—

2
1

;

—

6
2

1
•i
I
1
3

1
1

—

Vlh - - -
Xllth

WQrttemberit

Field Divn. -
Sth GftT. DiTtt. -

61st Keciment

MthBefflment

102nd Uegiment . . . .

8th Reiriment

llthHussara

WthHusian

Total kMsea of the Illid Armj
and the Army of the Heuae,
from lat NoTember to 6th
December, 1870.

—

102
18b

1318 239
and
iff Surgeon
Major.

zoo 1976 Il30

and
1 Staff Surgeon
1 Aaaiat.8iuffn.

2« 307 leilS 1396
and

I Staff Sargaoii

M^lor

II Staff Surgeon
1 1 Aaiiat.-Surgn.

Summary of Casualties.

KIU^,

or Died of
Wonnda.

Woonded

•

Hissing.

Total.

Staff and Segfanent.

■

•

•>

Goard Corps . . . .

Und Army Corps -

258

1144

1431

120

and

1 Staff Surgeon

1 Assistant Sui

•geon

1 Assistant Surgeon

iVtn Armj corps •

—

171

—

310

Vth Army Corps

—

— »

—

Vlth Army Corps -

.—

198

—

262

Xlth Anny Corps ...

—

— • 3

•~

—

— .

.—

—

Xllth Army Corps •

332

61 1117

693

•~>

2042

and 1

and

ISt

irgeonMi

^or

1 Sorgeon Mijor

Ilnd Batarian Army Corps

—

Warttemberg Field DiTision -

666

1217

130

1903

148

Goard Landwehr Di?1aton

—

6th Cavalry Diyiaion

—

Total ....

102

1318

239

200 1 3976 i

130

844

307 1

6138 1 396

And

and

•

and

1 Staff

SorgMB Major

1 Staff Surgeon
1 Assistant bur

geon

1 Staff Surgeon Major
1 Staff yurgeon
1 Assistant Surgeon

176J

NoMiNix Roll of OFircEBS, those ictiho in that Capacitt, akd

SUBOBONS, WHO WSRS KiLLSD OR WOTTNDBD.

Armj Corps.

Staif And B«g]ineiit.

KiUed or Died of
Wonndf.

Wounded.

Vlth

nnd

IVth

6th CftT. DiTn.

Ilnd BsTttnan -

6th CftT. Dim.

Otuurd Lend-
wehr DiTuion

Vlth

Und

6th NoTember.
68rd

(1) 2nd Lt. SchoU.

16th NoTomber.
42nd Begiment

17th NoTember.
71it Begiment -

18th NoTomber.
11th Huasan •

21tt NoTember.
9th Begiment -

22nd Norember.
10th Httuart -

26th NoTember.

2nd Gh!«nadier Qiujd
Land. Begiment.

(l)2ndLtT.OontA.

(1) Captain Maeher.

29th November.
BiroAOEicxirT at

62nd

68Td Begiment •

(1) 2nd Lt Weniger.

(1) 2nd Lt. Elein-
■t&ber.

80th NoTember.

Ekoageicxnt at
MOITT Meslt.

9th Grenadiers -

(1) 1st Lt. Moebins.

(2) 2nd Lt. Moehlis.

(3) 2Dd Lt. Count
Schack T. Witte-
nan or Count

Danckelman.

(l)2ndLieQt.B<ige.

(1) 2nd Lieut, t.
Mnller.

2nd Lieut, t. Boden-
hausen.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Baron
T. Maereken au

Geerath.

(2) 2nd Lt. Barony.

BleuL

(1) Capt. SohlegeL

(2) Capt. Sohmidt.
(8) 2nd Lt. Brod-

sack.

T. Per-

bandt.

(1) 2nd Lt. Stettin.

(2) 2nd Lt. Koch.
(3)yioeSergt.-Maj.

Marten.

AimyCoTpf.

IVth

Vlth

xn\h

Staff and Begiment.

2iid Bagimsnt -

8rd Biila Battalion

8rd Begiment -
8th Begiment -

Staff Cay. Brigade
8id CbT. Begiment

EiroAonoNT at
Epivai.

86th Begiment -

1ft Field Ditirion
81et Begiment -

Tltt Begiment •

Killed or Died cf
Wound*.

No. 2 Sanitoiy De-

taohment
10th GbenadJ«rs
61st Begiment -

68rd Begiment

6th Field Artillery

Battli ov Yiliixbs.
80th NoTember.
(1st day.)
lOith Begiment

(1) Ensign Haneisen

(1) Oapt.T. Fischer-

Weikersthal.

(2) Lieut. T.SchrayB-

huen.

(1) Ensign Schefold-

(1) 2nd Lt. Baron
T. u. s. Eglofitein

(1) Oaptain Count

T. Keller.

(2) 2nd Lt. Bassin -
(8) 2nd Lieut, t.

Heinemann.

(8)

2nd Lieut. B5se
2nd Lieut. Fleis-
cher.

Wounded.

(1) Captain Kohn y.

(1) Capt. T. NoeUtz
ana J&nckendor£

1^ Captain Glaser.

2) Captain Wolff.

3) Lieut. Kauz.
;4) Ensign OrOn.

(1) Lieut.-Colonel r.

Link.

(2) Ensign Truok-

fl) Capt. EnOrzer.
2) Lieut. Capoll.
[1) 1st Lt. Zisdh-
wits.
[2^ Lieut. T.Bflnan
fl) Captain Gleich.
[1) 1st Lieut. Count
T. Waldbuxg -
Wolffegg-WaldMe.

(1) 2nd Lieut. Stef-
fena.

1) 2nd Lt. Stecher.

1) 2nd Lieut, t.

Babenau.

(2) 2nd Lt. Henke.
(8) 2nd Lieut. B^ron

Hiller t. Girt-

nngen.

(4) Ensign 8chau»

(1) Capt. T. BlOdau.

(2) 1st Lieut. T.

Ssymborski.

(8) Ist Lieut. T.

Eiopff.

(4) 2nd Lieut, t.

LoefenL

(5) 2nd Lt. PauL

(6) 2nd Lt. Hopfe.

(7) 2nd Lieut, r.

Madelingt

2nd Lt. T. Yethaeke.

(1) 2nd Lt. Werner.

(1) 2nd Lt. Wiet*

hoff.

(1) 1st Lieut. EOhn*

horn.

(1) 1st Lt. Oeinow.

(2) 2nd Lieut. Nit-

schke*

(1) Major Baron t.
Hansen*

178t

AnnyOorpt.

Staff and Begiment.

KiUed or Died of
WoondB.

Wounded.

xnth

104th Begiment

lO0tli Begiment

Wflit.
Divn.

Field

2nd Field Dzrinon
Iflt Begiment •

7th Begiment

2nd Bifle Battalion

6th Begiment -

Ut Field Artillery
Division

(2) Captain t. Wolf-

fertdorff.

(3) lit Lt. Prenner -

(4) 2nd Lt. Dauten-

hahn.

(6) Bniign Tilling -

(6)yiceSergt.-Major

Zftuner.

1) 1st Lieut. Just -

2) 2nd Lieut. Perl
(8) 2nd Lt. Hinel -

(1) 2nd Lt. Nioolai
h.) Col. T. Berger •

(2) 1st Lt Staler -
(8) let Lt. Oaaser •

(4) 1st Lt Bandel -

(5) Ensign GoU

(6) Ensign Baron t.

Yalois.

(7) Ensign Eisenlohr

(1) Captain HOmer.

(2) 1st Lieut. T.

Seutter.
(8) 1st Lt. B«rger -

(1) Ist Lieut. T.

Hfigel.

(2) Lieut. Baron t.

Yamb&ler.

(3) Ensign Kndner.

•|

(2) Oapt E^tner.

(3) 1st Lieut Peri.

(4) 2nd Lieut Pes-

chek.

(5) 2nd Lt. Meisa-

ner II.

(6) 2nd Lieut. Neu-

(7) Ensign Delling.

(8) Yioe Sergt.-Mai.

Merkcu.
(1) Captain Biach-

(2) Captain Martini.
^8) Ist Lt. Stieglitz.
(4) 2nd Lt Miersch.
;6) 2nd Lt OetteL
6)2ndLt Schaller.
7) 2nd Lt Ludo-
▼in.

;8) 2iid U. Finke.
;9) 2nd Lt Schnrigt
10) 2nd Lt. Walter.
(11) 2nd Lt Schurig

JfisftJi^.

2nd Lt Trebsdorf.
(1) Ensign Haase.

(1) Major Scfa&ffer.

(2) Capt Clausen.

(8) 1st lieat t. En-
tress-Ffirsteneck.

(4) 1st lieut lien-

hardt

(6) Ist Lieut Kiet-

bammer.

(6) 1st Lt WOlLhaf.

i7) Lieut Bayer.
8) Lieut. Kim.

(9) Ensign Barony.

Ziegsar.

(10) Ensign PfeU-

sticker.
(1) Lieut-Colonel T.
Egloffstein.
^2) 1st Lt. T. GroU.
(8^ Lt. Schnurrer.
(4) Ensign v. Soden.

(1) Lieut-Colonel y.

EnOrzer.

(2) C^aptain Grimm.
(8) 1st Lt. Camerer.

(1^ CoL T. H&geL

(2) (^pt Spr^sser.

(3) 1st Lieut Niet-

hammer.

(4) Ensign Speidel.
(1) Ist Lt. ZipfehlL

179J

Axmj Corps.

Staff and Bogiment.

Killed or Died of
Wounds.

Ilnd

2nd Deoember.

Battle ov Yillibxs.

(2nd day.)

Staff of 3rd Infantrj

Diviaion
42nd Begiment

14th Begiment •

54th Begiment

(1) Captain Liittitz.

(2) 2nd Lt. Vierth.

(3) 2nd Lieut, y.

Brauchitsch.

(4) 2nd Lt. Trieet •

(5) Ensign T. Kleist.
(6)yice8ergt'Major

DusscsjnskL

(1) Lieut.-Colon6l r.

Beohenberg.

(2)yiceSergt.-M»jor

Hellwig.

2nd Bifle Battalion

(1) Captain Baron t.

Qillem.

(2) Ist. Lieut. T.

Schrdtter.

(3) Ist Lieut. T.

Stiklpnagel.

Staff of 7th Infantry
Brigade

9th Grenadiers >

(1) Ist Lieut, and
Brigade Adjutant
Martens,44th Begt.

(1) Ist Lieut. T.

Boeder.

(2) IstLt-Wentzel.

(3) 2nd Lt. Stilke -

(4) 2nd Lieut, t.

Owstien.

(5) 2nd Lt. Zoeller >

Woonded.

(I) Major Stock-
marr.
(I) 2nd Lt.T.d. Bus-
el lo-Ippenburg.

(1) 1st Lieut, r.

Weltstcn.

(2) 1st Lt. Guttzeit.

(3) 1st Lieut. V.

Mahlen.

(4) 2nd Lt Andohr.

(5) 2nd Lt. Dannert.

(6) 2nd Lt. Krafft.

(7) 2nd Lieut, r.

Dersohau.

(8) 2nd Lieut r.

Hejden.

(9) 2nd Lt. Franke.

(10) 2nd Lt Prowe.
(ll)2ndLtTheune.
(12)2ndLtBarkow.

(1) Gapt T. Buttler.

(2) 2nd Lieut r. d.

Osten.

(3) 2nd Lt. Bewers-

doHf.

(4) 2nd Lieut Th j-

mian.

(5) 2nd Lieut Mat-

tliias.

(6) Ensign Kasis-

ckke.

(1) Capt. Schulz.

(2) Capt Count t.

Horm.

(3) 2nd Lieut." t.

Bentsell.

(4) 2nd Lieut Geb-

hard.

(5) 2nd Lieut. Sck-

wieger.

(6) Vice 3ergt.-Maj .

SchiiUer.

(7) Staff Surgeon

Dr. Andree.

(1) Capt Niepold.

(2) 1st Lf. Sietze.

(3) 2nd Lieut. Lcon-

liardt

(4) 2nd Lt. MiiUer.

(5) 2nd Lt. De^ner.

(6) 2nd Lieut. IScbo-

nermark.

180$

tUM and Biginiinl

KiQed or Died of
Woondf.

WomdML

Ilnd

IHliOniMdien

40ia B4i^iii0nt

(1) lit U. Olberg -

(2) 2Dd Lt. OnMch

(3) 2nd Lieat. t.

WieienbeijD.

(4) Sod Lieut. Bur-
•cher T. Brnwer

sum

(5) 2nd Lt. Detcrt •

(6) 2iid Li. Weme-

burg.

(7)yioe8ergt.-MAJor

Noebel.

2nd Fiold ArtUlery
R«gim«Dt

XI lU.

8nd Pionoor Battalion
108tli Fusiliers •

(1) Capt. QoetMb -

(2) 2nd Lt. Walter

T. GOllniti.

(1) 2nd Lt. Janke -

(1) Capt. T. Ejridy •

(2) Captain KOliler -
(S) Ut Lt. Schulze -

(4) 2nd Lt. Baron t.

Biedcrmann.

(5) 2nd Lt. County.
Sclmll Riauoour.

(6) 2nd Lt. Sturke •

(7) 2nd Lieut. Pol«.

(8) 2nd Lt. Baron t.

Lorenz.

(9) 2nd Lieut Bern-

hardi.

(10) 2nd Lt. Herk-

ncJ*.

(11) 2nd Lt. Roux •

(7) 2nd Lt. Winter.
(S> V

2nd Lt. Bobde n.

(1) Lt.-CoL Laorin.

(2) Major t. Knob-

loch.

(3) Major Erl.

(4) Capt. T. Dnfaj.

(5) Capt. T. Ifach.

(6) Itt Lt. Barkow.

(7) 1st Lt. V. Vor-

(8) 1st Lisnt. T. d.

Oaten.

(9) lBtLt.T.KefaJer.

(10) 2nd Lt. Scfaarf-

fenortb.

(11) 2nd Lieut, t.

Horn.

(12) 2nd Lt. Bobde.

(13) 2nd Lt Boeb-

liU.

(14) 2nd Lt Lucaa.

(15) 2nd Lt Giebe.

(16) 2nd Lieut, t.

Wusaow.

(17) 2nd Lt Bar-

kuskj.

(18) 2nd Lt Horn.

(19) 2nd Lt PauU.
(20)YioeSerg.-Maj.

GAhde.

(1) Otpt Eiswaldt

(2) 2nd Lieut t.

Friedricba.

(3) 2nd Lt. Scbultze.

(4) 2nd Lt. Fandre
and Assistant Sur-

f^eon Dr. Hiller.

(1) Captain Balcke.

(2) 2nd Lt. Mundcl.

(I) Lieut-Colonel y.

Dzienibowsky.
(2)MajorSchlick.

(3) Captain Nolioin.

(4) Capt. y Wolf.

(5) Cupt y. LossoTT.

(6) Cnpt. y. Issen-

dorff.

(7) 1st Lt Baron
y. Hammerstein.

(8) 1st Lieut, y.

Scbutz.

(9) Ist Lt. Treftirth.
(IC) 2nd Lieut. Hof-

maun.

(II) 2nd Lt. Sickel.

181t

An(i7Ck>rp6.

xnth

Staff and Begiment.

106th Fusilien

104tii Begiment

I07th B«gime&t

Willi
Dim.

Field

Idth Bifle Battalion
1st Begiment •

7Ui Begiment •

2nd Bifle Battalion

fined or Died of
Wounds.

(12) 2nd Lient. t.

Luttichau

(18) 2nd Lieut, y.

Leonhardi, and

Staff-Surg. Major

Dr. Poppe.

(l)yioeSeret.-Major
Ijchinier.

(1) lit Lt. BoMO •

let Lt. Bdderer.

2nd Lt. Hafiher

^4) 2nd Lieut. Gmhl

(5) Yioe Sergt.-Major

Gloriue.

(1) 2nd Lt. Elette.

(1) Capt. T. Lfltzow.

(2) Capt. Haeelmaier

(3) Ensign Ehmann.

(1) Lieut. Zimmerle.

(2) Ensign MiUirien
(8) Enmgn Wagner -

(1) Capt. Wolff*

(2) Ist Lt. Gwinner.
(8) Ist Lt. Knight -
(4) Ensign Count t.

Taube.

Wounded.

(12) 2nd Lieut, r. d.
I3usche-I ppcnburg.

(13) 2nd Lieut.

Franke.

(14) 2nd Lt. Thie-

rig.
(15)2ndLt.HankeL
(16) 2nd Lt. Schu-

Darth.
(17)2ndLt.Gering-

math.

(18) 2nd Lt Netto.

(19) 2nd Lt. Scheuf -

fler.

(20) 2nd Lieut, t.

Hangk.

(21) 2nd Lt. Tittel.

(22) 2nd Lt. Hejde.

(23) 2nd Lieut, t.

Eirohbaoh.
(1) 2nd Lieut. Nan-

(2) yiceSergt.-Maj.
Nitnohke.

(1) Capt. Eustner.

(2) 2nd Lt. Basse.

(3) 2nd Lieut. Zim-

mermann.

(4) 2nd Lt. Hasse.

(5) 2nd Lt. Nicolai.

(6) 2nd Lt Worth-

(1) Captain Eaiser.

(2) Captain Yischer

(3) Ensign Glocker.

(1) Colonel T. Bam-

naoher.

(2) Lient-Colonely

Egloffstein.
(8) Captain BOlL

(4) Capt. T. Seutter.
(SUstLtT.BtUiler.

(6) Ist Lieut Baur.

(7) Ist Lt. Schmidt

(8) Lieut. Schneider.

(9) Lieut. Fischer.

10^ Ensign Baader.

Ill Ensign Diepold.

12) Ensign Glaser.

18) Ensign Pfeil-

sticker.
(14) Ensign Boger.
(16) Ensign Wdlge.

Lieut. ZobeL

1) Capt T. GrolL

2) 1st Lt. Schwei-

serbarth.

(3) 1st Lt. T. Star-

nenfels.

AnnyCarp

Staff And Begim«xkt.

Killed or Died of
Wounds.

Wonnded.

Wflpt. Held

DiTD.

^^ "RiflA Battalion -

drd Rifle Battalion -
l8t Field ArtUleiy
BiyzL

(5) Enaign Fioot -

V a ■ ■

(1) lit Lt Sehott -

(2) £nngn MOnke -

(4) Iflt Lieat Eem.
(6) 1st Lt. Probst.
(6) Ensign Berger.
(1) Ut Lt. B«ns.
(1) EimroAer
Laner.

(1000 I 5 I 80— H & S 1468. Wt. 2680)

221957

• • ■•■

'-¥■■

« * Mm. •_.

■ -^k*

f <

-5-

" • ■ - 1

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