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THE FEUIT MANUAL; 



CONTAINING 

THE DESCRIPTIONS & SYNONYMES 

OF 

THE FRUITS and FRUIT TREES 

COMMONLY MET WITH IN THE 

GARDENS & ORCHARDS OF GREAT BRITAIN, 

WITH 

SELECTED LISTS of THOSE MOST WORTHY of CULTIVATION. 



By ROBERT HOGG, LL.D., F.H.S., 

ASOSETAST TO THE FRUIT COMMITTEE OF THE HOBTICVLTVItAL SOCIETY OF LONDOX, 

Ain^HOR OF *' BBITI8H POMOLOGY," " THE YEOBTABLB KINGDOM ANB 

ITS PRODUCTS," AND CO-EDITOR OF "THE COTTAGE GARDENER." 



^ 




LONDON : 
COTTAGE GAKDENER OFFICE, 

162, FLEET STREET, E.G. 
MDCCCKK. 



PEEFAOE. 



Fifteen years ago I published a Manual of Fmiti, 
wMch at the time included most of the varieties found 
in nurseries and private gardens. This being favour* 
ably received, the whole impression was sold within a 
twelvemonth, and I was repeatedly urged to prepare a 
new edition. 

About that time numerous new varieties of fruits 
were introduced to British gardens, and it was there- 
fore necessary that their merits should be fairly tested 
before a new edition could be published of a work pro- 
fessing to furnish information respecting the fruits and 
miit trees commonly cultivated in this country. 

During the interval that has elapsed I have examined 
the greater number of the new, and many of the older 
varieties not formerly included, and I am now enabled 
to present a work more complete and useful than I could 
Lave done had I entered upon it at an earlier period. 

In the present volume I have not attempted to enu- 
merate all the varieties of fruits known to exist in the 
country, but to describe those only which either are in 
cultivation, or are worthy of being cultivated for their 
superior merits. In some instances there are sorts 
mentioned, not because of their excellence, bat because 



IT PBEFACE. 

of their popularity from long usage, and in such cases 
I have stated their true character in comparison with 
others. 

My object has been to prepare a convenient manual of 
reference for amateur fruit-growers, nurserymen, and pro- 
fessional gardeners, and to condense in a space as small 
as possible all useful information respecting the varieties 
of fruits mentioned. I have been particularly careful 
in regard of the synonymes ; and at the end of each of 
the kinds of fruits I have given selections of varieties 
for limited gardens, and for different situations and 
aspects. In most cases I have given a synoptical ar- 
rangement of the different fruits by which to facilitate 
their identification; and I trust that the pains which 
have been bestowed upon the work generally, will secure 
for it a favourable reception, and an indulgent considera- 
tion for any errors that inadvertently may have occurred. 

KOBERT Hoaa. 



61, "WINCnESTER STREET, PIMLICO. 
Sept, Ut, 1860, 



MANUAL OF BRITISH FRUITS. 



APPLES. 

[D. signifies that varieties to marked are to be used only for the dessert ; 
K., for kitchen purposes ; and C, for cider-making. Those marked 
K.D. are applicable either to kitchen or dessert use.] 

Adams' Peabmaik, d. — Large and peafmain-shaped. 
Skin pale greenish yellow, tinged and streaked witli red 
on the side next the sun. Eye open. Stalk half an inch 
lonff, obliquely inserted. Iiesh yellowish, crisp, juicy, 
and sugary, with a pleasant perfumed flavour. A very 
handsome and excellent dessert apple. Ilipe from De- 
cember to February. 

Alexander. See Emjperor Alexander. 

Alfeiston, k. (Lord Grwydyr^s Newtown Pippin, Old- 
aJcers Neio), — Large, roundish, and irregularly ribbed. 
Skin light orange next the sun, greenish yellow in the 
shade, reticulated with russet. Stalk short and deeplv 
inserted. Eye open, set in a deep basin. Flesh yellowish 
white, crisp, sugary, and sharply acid. A good bearer, 
and one of the best kitchen apples. November to April. 

American Plate. See Golden Pippin, 

Aporta. See Emperor Alexander* 

Arbroath Pippin. See Oslin. 

Arley. See W^ken Pippin, 

Aromatic S.usset, d. (Brown Spice, Burntisland 
Pippin, Book's Nest, Spice Apple), — Medium sized, 
conical, flattened at the ends. Skin ^een and russety. 
Eye small. Flesh greenish white, ricnly aromatic. An 
excellent bearer. October. 

AsHMBAD*s !KsBNEL, B.— Medium sized, roundish, and 
compressed. Skin greenish yellow and russety, tinged 
with brown next the sun. Eye small. 8t«^ &ot^(>, ^ti\ 

■a 



2 APPLKS. 

deeply inserted. Flesh y ellowisk, firm, crisp, juicy, sugary, 
and riclily flavoured; of first-rate quality, extensively 
cultivated near Gloucester, of which neighbourhood it is 
a native, and well deserving of more general distribution. 
November to May. 

Astrachan. See White Astrachan. 

Balgone Pippin. See Goldan Pippin. 

Barcelona Feabmain, d. {Speckled JPearmain, 
Speckled Golden Beineite), —"Medmm sized, oval. Skin 
yellow in the shade, and a beautiful red next the sun, 
covered with large russcty specks. Stalk short. Eye 
small. Flesh yellowish, highly aromatic. Abundant 
bearer, and good dessert apple. November to March. 

Bay. SeeDrapd*Or, 

Bayfordbury Pippin. See Golden Pippin. 

Bbachaicwbll, d. (Motteux* Seedling), — A small, 
ovate, yellow apple, of first-rate quality. December to 
March. 

Beauty of Kbnt, k.— Very large, roundish, flat and 
russety at the base. Skin greenish yellow, streaked wiUi 
beautiful red next the sun. Stalk short, slender, and 
deeply inserted. Eye small. Flesh crisp, tender, and 
juicy. An abundant bearer. October to February, 

Bedvobdshibb Foundling, k. (Cambridge Pippin). — 
Large, roundish, and slightly ribbed. Skin dark green, 
becoming pider as it ripens. Stalk short, and deeply in- 
serted. Eye open and deep. Flesh yellowish, and 
pleasantly acid. Handsome and excellent. November 
to March. 

Bell's Scarlet. See Scarlet Pearmain, 

Bess Fool, e.d. — ^Above medium size, conical, and 
handsomely shaped. Skin yellow, washed and striped 
with red on the side next the sun. Eye small, and rather 
deep. Stalk short. Flesh white, tender, and juicy, with 
a fine sugary and vinous flavour. November to March. 

Blbnhbim Obangb, e.d. (Woodstock Pippin, North' 
wick Pft^tn).— Large, round, and widest at the base. Skin 
yellowish, red next the sun. Eye open and hollow. Fleadi 
yellow, sweet, and juicy. A first-rate dessert fruit, and 
excellent for kitchen use. November to February. 

Boboyuski, D.'-*-Medium sized, roundish, and angular. 



APPLES. b 

Skin bright red on one side and palej^reen on the other. 
Stalk long and deeplj insertecl. flesh white, brisk, 
juicy, and sugary. Middle of August. 

B0B8DOBPFBB, D. (Oarret Pippin, King George, 
Queens), — Small, oval, bright yellow, and red next the 
sun. Stalk short and slender. Eye shallow. Flesh 
yellowish white, crisp, rich, and perfumed. An apple of 
very superior quality. November to March. 

Boston Bussbt, d. (Boxhury Russet), — Medium sized, 
roundish, flattened at the ends. Skin dull green, covered 
with brownish-yellow russet, rarely tinged with red* 
Stalk nearly an inch long, slender, ^esh greenish white, 
rich, sub-acid, and juicy, like Bibston Pippin. Of first^ 
rate quality. January to April. 

BbjIbant Belleflbub, b.d. — Large, roundish, oblonff, 
and ribbed. Skin pale yellow, slightly striped with r^. 
Eye large and wide. Flesh juicy, rich, andpleasanUy 8ub» 
acid. November to April. 

Bbaddick's NoNPiJEtBiL, D. (Ditton ronpareih,^ 
Small, roundish, and compressed at both ends. Skin 
smooth, green, tinged with yellowish brown, brownish red 
next the sun. Eye small and deeply set. Stalk short. 
Flesh yellow, sugary, an d aromatic. An abun dant bearer,, 
and flrst-rate table fruit. December to March. 

Brandy. See Golden Sarvey. 

Bbikoewood Pippin, d. — Small and round. Skin of 
a fine rich yellow colour. Eye small and open, set in a 
shallow basm* Stalk short and slender. Flesh yellowish, 
flirm, crisp, juicy, and with a rich flavour. A first-rate 
dessert apple. January to March. 

Bbownlees' Efsset, k. d.— Large, roundish-ovate, 
.and rather flattened. Skin green and russeted, with 
brownish red next the sun. Eye closed. Stalk short, 
deeply inserted. Flesh greenisn white, tender, juicy, 
sweet, and aromatic. An excellent late apple. January to 
Misy. 

Brown Spice. See Aromatic Musset. 

Burntisland Pippin. See Aromatic Musget. 

Caltillb, Wiktbe White, k. {White Calville),--^ 
JjKrge and flattened, marked on its sides with pro- 
minent ribs. Skin smooth, shining, rick ^^^v^^ ^^sA 



4 APPLES. 

tinged with red. Eye small and deep. Stalk slender and 
deeply inserted. Flesh white, tender, sweet, and juicy. 
January to April. 

Cambridge Pippin. See Bedfordshire Foundling, 

Carel's Seedling. See Pinner Seedling, 

Cablisle Codlin, k. — ^Fruit above medium size, ovate, 
and angular. Skin smooth, pale yellow. Eye closed. Stalk 
very short. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, and brisk. 
An excellent culinary apple. From August to December. 

Cellini, k. d. — Above medium size, roundish, and 
handsomely shaped. Skin deep yellow, beautifully 
streaked and mottled with red next tne sun. Eye large 
nnd open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk very short. 
I'Josh white, tender, juicy, with a fine, brisk, balsamic 
ilavour, and high aroma. A first-rate culinary apple, and 
Also useful in the dessert. October to November. 

Chalmers* Large. See Dutch Codlin. 

Cheistie's Pippin, d. — ^Eather small, round, and com- 
pressed. Skin deep yellow, mottled with red next the 
sun. Stalk short. Eye small. Flesh vellowish white, 
tender, brisk, and juicy, with a pleasant flavour. A first- 
rate dessert apple. December to February. 

Claremont. See French Crab. 

Claygate Peaemain, d.— Medium sized, conical. Skin 
dull greenish yellow, with brownish red next the sun. 
Stalk medium. Eye large. Flesh yellow, tender, and 
aromatic, with the flavour of the Kibston. An abundant 
bearer, and first-rate fruit. November to March. 

Clifton Nonesuch. See Feam*s Pippin. 

Coates*. See Yorkshire Greening. 

Cobbett's Fall Pippin . See Reinette Blanche d 'Espagne* 

CoBHAH, D. — Above medium size, roundish. Skin 

freenish yellow, mottled with red. Eye small and closed, 
talk slender and deeply inserted. Flesh pale yellow, 
crisp, sugary, and aromatic. An excellent dessert apple, 
with something of the character of Bibston Pippin. 
September to January. 

CoccAGEE, c. — Medium sized, ovate, fine yellow. Skin 
red next the sun. One of the best cider apples. October 
to December. 



APPLES. 5 

Cockle Pippin, d. (Nutmeg Pippin), — Medium sized, 
conical or ovate. Skin fine orownisli yellow, russety at 
the base. Stalk slender. Eye in a narrow and shallow 
basin. Mesh yellow, rich, and perfumed. Excellent 
flavour, and first-rate dessert fruit. January to April. 

Cob's Golden Deop, d. — Small and conical. Skin 
yellow, with a few crimson spots next the sun. Eye small 
and open. Stalk long. Elesh firm, crisp, sugary, and 
rinous. A first-rate dessert apple. November to May. 

Copmanthorpe Crab. See Dutch Mignonne, 

CoBNiSH Gilliflowee, d. — Bather large, oval, and 
angular towards the eye. Skin deep yellowish green, 
tinged with red, intermixed with streaks of deeper rea next 
the Bxm, russety. Stalk an inch long. Eye nearly^ closed, 
set in an uneven basin. Flesh yellow," firm, rich, and 
perfumed, like the Clove Gilliflower. Bather a shy bearer, 
but one of " the best of apples." November to May. 

CouET OF Wick, D. (Fry* s Pippin, Golden Drop, Knight^ 
wick Pippin, Phillips* Reinette, Wbod*8 Huntingdon, 
Weeks* Pippin, Yellow Pippin), — ^Bather small, roundish, 
ovate, and compressed at the ends. Skin greenish yellow, 
orange and russety next the sun. Stalk short and slender. 
Eye open and shallow. Flesh deep yellow, juicy, and 
highly flavoured. An abundant bearer, and first-rate 
fruit. October to March. 

CouET Pendu Plat, d. (Gamon*s Pippin, Princesse 
Nohle Zoete, Russian, Wollaton Ptopw).— Medium sized, 
round, and compressed. Skin rich deep red, greenish 
yellow in the shade. Stalk short and deepl^r inserted. 
Eye large and open, set in a wide shallow basin. Flesh 
yellow, rich, and briskly acid. An abundant bearer, and 
excellent fruit. November to April. 

Cox's Oeangb Pippin, D.-^Medium sized, roundish- 
ovate, and regular in its outline. Skin greenish yellow, 
and streaked with red in the shade, but dark red where 
exposed to the sun. Eye small and open. Stalk half an 
inwi long. Flesh yellowish, very tender, crisp, and juicy, 
witii a fine perfume. A first-rate dessert apple. October 
to February. 

Cox's Pomona, k. — Above the medium size, sometimes 
large, ovate, and somewhat flattened and angular. Skin 
yellow, and very much streaked with bright crimson. Eje 
slightly open and deep. Stalk an inch long, dee^b^ YSi.*. 



6 APPLSS. 

sorted. Flesh wLitei tenderi delioate, and pleasantly 
acid. October. 

Cropton Scablbt, d. — Medium sized, flattish. Skin 
yellowisli russet, bright red and russety next the sun. 
Eye tride. Stalk short. An abundant bearer. October 
to December. 

Devokshibe Quabbskden, p. (Eed Quarrenden, Bach 
Apple), — ^Medium sized, round, compressed at the ends. 
Skin deep crimson. Stalk short and deeply inserted. Eye 
with long segments, very shallow. Flesh greenish white, 
crisp, juicy, and pleasantly sub-acid. A good bearer. 
" ISo better autumn fruit." August. 

Dbvonshibe Qtjeek, K.D.— a fine, large, ovate fruit, 
entirely covered with rich, dark crimson, and a delicate 
bloom. The flesh is sometimes tinged with red, and is 
crisp, juicy, and balsamic. October. 

Ditton Nonpareil. See Braddich's Nonpareil. 

DowNTON Pippin, d. — Larger than the Golden Pippin, 
roundish, flat at the ends. Skin yellow. Stalk short and 
deeply inserted. Eye in a wide and shallow basin. Flesh 
yelK)w, brisk, and richly flavoured. A seedling from the 
Golden Pippin. November to January. 

Dbap d*0b, K. (Bfiy Apple, Early Summer Pippin). — 
Eather large, roundish, narrowing towards the eye. Skin 
yellow, dotted with brown specks. Stalk short. Eye 
shallow. Flesh crisp, juicy, and of a pleasant mild 
flavour. October to December. 

DuoHESSOF OLnENBUseH, D.-^Medium sized, roundish. 
Skin rich yellow, streaked with red. Eye large, nearly 
dosed, set in a wide hollow. Flesh brisk and juicy. 
September. 

PuMELOw's Seedling, K. (Normanton Wonder, Wellina' 
fQfiy — Large, round, and compressed at both ends. Skin 
yellow, light red next the sun. Stalk very short. Eye 
large and open* Flesh yellow. A good bearer, and an 
excellent kitchen apple. November to March. 

Dundee. See Golden Heinette. 

Dutch Codlin, k. (Chalmers' Large, Glory of the 
West). — ^Very large, irregularly roundish, or oblong, with 
prominent ribs extending liom the base to the eye. Skin 
pale greenish-yellow, slighUy tinged with orange, red 



APPLBS. T 

next the Bon. Stalk short and thick. Eye set in a deep 
angular basin. Flesh white, slightly acid. A good bearer, 
and one of the best kitchen apples. August to September. 

Dftch Mignonne, k.d. (Copmanthorpe Crah, Stettin 
Pippin), — ^Bather large, roundish, and handsome. Skin 
duir orange, half mottled with large yeUow russet spedcs. 
Ef e open, deeply set in a round basin. Stalk an inch 
lox^, deeply set. Flesh highly aromatic. A great bearer, 
and one or the most desirable apples for any garden. 
December to April. 

Early Crofbon. See Irish Peach. 

Eably Harvest, d. (Yellow JETarvest), -^Mediixm sized, 
round. Skin clear pale yellow. Eye small and closed. 
Stalk half an inch long, not deeply inserted. Flesh white* 
tender, crisp, . juicy, with a pleasant refreshing flavour. 
A £rst->rate early dessert apple. July and August. 

Eably Julibf, k.d. — Medium sized, roundish, ana 
slightly flattened. Skin pale yellow, with an orange 
tinze next the sun. Eye dosed. Stalk short. Flesh 
yellowish white, crisp, very juicy, with a floe brisk and 
rather balsamic flavour. An excellent early apple. Bipe 
in the second week of August. 

Eably Noitpabbil, d. (Hicks' Fancy ^ New Nonpareil, 
Staff g*s Nonpareil). — Small, roundish, narrowing towards 
iiie eye. Skin greenish yellow, changing to deep yellow 
as it attains maturity, russetj, and spotted with grey 
spots. Eye open, set in a wide basin. Stalk short and 
oeeoly inserted. Flesh yellowish white, crisp, juicy, 
bnak, and aromatic. October to December. 

• 

Early Red Margaret. See Margaret, 

Early Summer Pq>piB. See Drop d*Or. 

Easter Pippin. See French Crab. 

Edmonton Aromatic. See Kerry Pippin, 

Elizabeth. See Golden Reinette, 

. Empebob Alexan:d£B, k. (Aporta, Russian Emperor). 
— ^Very large, heart-shaped. Skin greenish yellow, 
streaked with bright red next the sun. Eye large and 
de^y set. Stalk slender, an inch long, much inserted. 
Flesh yellowish white, rich, juicy, and aromatic. A very 
handsome apple. - September to December. 

. English Go]>LiN, K. — Large, conical, andicto^oXKSL'Yt^ 



8 APPLES. 

its ontline. Skin fine yellow, with a faint red blush on 
the side exposed to the snn. Eye closed. Stalk short 
and stout. Flesh white, tender, and agreeably add, 
August to October. 

English Pippin. See Grolden Seinette. 

Fall Pippin. See Beinette Blanche d^Etpoffne. 

Fearn's Pippik, k.d. (Ferris* Pippin, Clifton Nonesuch). 
— Medium sized, round, flat at the ends. Skin greenish 
yellow, russety round the stalk, and bright red next the 
sun. Stalk short. Eye shallow, in a plaited basin. Flesh 
greenish white, sweet, and richly nayoured. A good 
apple. November to February. 

Fedebal Peabmain, d. — Below medium size, pearmain- 
shaped. Skin yellowish, with a little red, and a few dark 
streaks on the side next the sun, russety. Eye deeply 
set. Stalk half an inch long. Flesh fine, delicate, very 
juicy, and of excellent flavour, A first-rate apple. De- 
cember to March. 

Five-crowned Pippin. See London Pippin. 

Floweb of Kent, k. — Large, roundish, flattened, and 
irregularly ribbed. Skin dull yellow, tinged with red, 
brignt red next the sun. Flesh greenish yellow, exceed- 
ingly juicy. Eye small. Stalk an inch long. October 
to January. 

FoBOB,z. — Medium sized, round. Skin a golden-yellow 
colour, mottled with crimson, and dark red next the sun. 
Eye small and closed. Stalk very short. Flesh yellowish 
white, tender, juicy, sweet, and finely perfumed. A 
useful apple. The tree a great and constant bearer. 
October to January. 

Fobman's Cbew, d. — Below medium, oval, broadest at 
the base. Skin yellow and russety. Stalk short. Eye 
small. Flesh greenish yellow. One of the best dessert 
apples. November to April. 

Formosa. See Ribston Pippin, 

Feanklin's Golden Pippin, d. (Sudlow's FalT).-^ 
Medium size, conical. Skin bright yellow, dotted with 
dark spots. Stalk short, slender, and deeply set. Eye 
deeply sunk. Flesh pale yellow, tender, and ricluy 
aromatic. A first-rate fruit. October to January. 

Fbench Cbab, k.d. (Claremont Pippin, Easter Pippin, 
Ironstone, Young's Long Keeping), — Large, globular. 



AFFLB8. 9 

Skin dark green, with a brown blush next the snn. Stalk 
short and slender, deeply set. Eye small, almost closed. 
Flesh pale green, firm, and pleasantly sub-acid. An im- 
mense Dearer, and remarkable for keeping, under favour- 
able circumstances, for two years. 

Frith Pitcher. See Manks Codlin, 

Fry's Pippin. See Court of Wlch, 

Gamon's. See Court Fendu Plat, 

Garret Pippin. See Borsddrffer, 
Girkin Pippin. See WyJcen, 

Glokia Mundi, k. (Baltimore, MammotJi, Ox Apple, 
Monstrous Pippin, — Of very large size, roundish, and 
flattened. Skin pale yellowish green, with a faint tinge 
of blush on one side. Eye large and open. Stalk short 
and stout. Flesh white, tender, and juicy. October to 
Christmas. 

Golden Knob. d. — Small, ovate, and a little flattened. 
Skin yellow, much covered with russet, with a reddish 
tinge on one side. Eye open, stalk very short. Flesh 

Seenish white, firm, crisp, and juicy, December to 
arch. 

Glory of the West. See Dutch Codlin. 

Glory of York. See Bibston Pippin, 

Golden Drop. See Court of Wick. 

Golden Habvey, d.c. (Brandy), — Small, nearly round. 
Skin roughly russety, on a vellow ground, tinged with 
red next the sun. Stalk half an inch long, slender. Eye 
small, open, and shallow. Flesh yellow, rich, aromatic, 
and sub-acid flavour. A first-rate dessert fruit. De- 
cember to June. 

Golden Monday, d. — Small, roundish, and flattened. 
Skin clear, golden yellow, with markings of russet. Eye 
small, and rather open. Stalk verp" snort. Flesh yel- 
lowish white, crisp, sugaiy, briskly flavoured, and with a 
nice aroma. October to Christmas. 

Golden Noble, k. (Waltham Abbey Seedling). — A very 
large, globular, and handsome apple. Skin of a uniform 
clear, bright yellow. Eye small and deep. Stalk short. 
Flesh yellow, tender, and pleasantly acid, and bakes of a 
clear amber colour. A valuable kitchen apple. September 
to December. 



10 AFYLBS. 

GoLDXir PiFPZN, D. (Ameriran Plate, JBcdffone Pijopin, 
Bayfordbury Pimnn, Herefordshire G.P., London G.P^ 
Melton G.P., Busset G.P., Warters a.P.) — Small, 
roundish. Skin deep golden yellow, with wlute specks 
under the skin, dotted with russet. Stalk long and 
slender. Eye small and shallow. Flesh yellowish, rich, 
brisk, and highly flavoured. The queen of dessert apples. 
November to March. 

Golden Eeinette, d. {Dundee, English Pippin, JEli- 
zdbeth, Kirke*s Grolden Seinette, Megginch Favov/rite, 
Princess Noble, Wyher Pippin, Wygers). — Below medium 
size, round, and compressed at the ends. Skin greenish 
yellow, flushed and streaked with red next the sun, dotted 
with russet. Stalk long. Eye large, open, and shallow. 
Flesh yellow, sugary, and richly flavoured. October to 
January. 

Golden Russet, d. — Medium sized, ovate. Skin 
greenish yellow, covered with yellow russet. Stalk short. 
Eye small and close. Flesh yellowish white, crisp, and 
pleasantly aromatic. December to March. 

Golden Wintbe Peabmain, k.d. (King of the Pippins, 
Hampshire Yellow, Jones^ Southampton Pippin). — Medium 
sized, abrupt pearmain-shaped. Skin rich yellow, tinged 
and streaked with red next the sun. Eye large and open, 
set in a deep basin. Stalk long and stout. Flesh yel- 
lowish white, firm, juicy, and sweet, with a somewhat 
aromatic flavour. A valuable apple. October to January. 

GoosEBBBBY PippiN, K. — Medium sized, roundish. 
Skin deep lively green. Eye open. Stalk short. Flesh 
greenish white, very tender, and delicate. A very vfdu- 
able, late-keeping, culinary apple. In use from November 
till the following August. 

Gbavenstein, k.d. — Large, round, flattened at the 
ends, and angular. Skin fine straw colour, streaked with 
red next the sun. Stalk very short and deeply set. Eye 
large, wide, and deeply set. Flesh nale yellow, crisp, 
aromatic, and vinous. A very valuable apple. October 
to December. 

Gbeentjp's PrppiN, k. — ^Above medium size, roimd. 
Skin of a pale straw colour, with a fine bright red cheek 
next the sun. Eye closed. Stalk short. Flesh pale 
yellowish white, juicy, sweet, and brisk. October to 
December. 



▲FPLBS. 11 

Geej LEi.piN6T0K, D. — Medium etized, oblong or 
conical, and ribbed. Skin yellow and russety, with pale 
red on the side exposed to the sun. Eye large and sunk. 
Stalk short and very stout. Flesh tender, juicy, sugary, 
and finely perfumed. An excellent dessert apple, in 
use from September to January. 

Hall Doob, d. — Medium sized, roundish. Skin 
greenish yellow in the shade^ and streaked with red on 
the side next the sun« Eye small, and set in a rather 
deep basin. Stalk short, and inserted in a deep cavity. 
Kesh white, firm, and juicy. In use from November to 
March. 

Hambledon Deux Aks, k.d. — Large, roundish, rather 
broad est at the base. Skin yellowish green in the shade, 
and dull-red, streaked with broad stripes of a deeper red, 
on the side next the sun. Eye small and closed. Stalk 
ETtout and short. Flesh greenish white, firm, crisp, and 
richly flavoured. One of the most valuable keeping 
a^les. In use from January to May. 

Hampshire Yellow. See Golden Winter Pearmain. 

Hanwell Soubino, k. — Medium sized, roundish -ovate. 
Skin greenish yellow, with a red blush. Eye closed. 
Stalk very short. Flesh firm, crisp, and briskly acid. 
Worthy of general cultivation. December to March. 

. Habvbt Apple, k. — Large, roundish-ovate. Skin 
greenish yellow, with markings of russet. Eye small. 
Stalk short and slender. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, and 

?leasantly acid. A first-rate culinary apple. OctoDer to 
anuary. 

Hardingham's Husset. See Pine Apple Busset, 

Hawberry Pippin. See Mollandbury, 

Hawthoenden, k. — Large, flat, ovate, and angular. 
Skin delicate yellowish-green, covered with bloom, a red 
blush next the sun. Stalk slender, half an inch long. 
Eye small, nearly closed. Flesh white, juicy, and plea- 
sant. An abundant bearer. September to January. 

HAWTHOBiirBEK, New, k.— The appearance of the fruit 
ia very much the same as that of the old Hawthomden* 
but is much more solid and briskly flavoured. It also 
keeps longer, and the tree has a more robust and vigorous 
growth. December to January. 

' H!^ef(H^dahii*e Golden Pippin. See Goldeu Pvp^tu 



12 APFLESr 

Herefordshire Pearmain. See Royal Fearmain, 

Hicks* Fancy. See Early Nonpareil, 

HoAEY MoENiNOjK. (Dainty, Dottmy,Sam Bawlings),-^ 
Large, roundish, somewhat flattened, and angular, Skin 
yellowish, marked with broad, pale-red stripes on the 
shaded side, and broad broken stripes of beautiful red on 
the side next the sun, and covered with a fine thick bloom, 
like thin hoar frost. Eye very small. Stalk short. Flesh 
yellowish white, tinged with red at the surface under the 
skin, brisk, juicy, rich, and slightly acid. This is a beau- 
tiful and very excellent kitchen apple. In use from 
October to December. 

HoLBEBT*s ViCTOBiA, D. — Small and ovate. Skin 
yellow, covered with pale grey russet Eye small and 
slightly open. Stdk short. Flesh yellowish, firm, very 
juicy, vinous, and aromatic. An excellent dessert apple, 
of the first quality. December to May. 

HoLLANDBUEY, K, {Sawhervy Pippin, Sorsley Pippin^ 
KirTces Admirable). — ^Lar^e, roundish, flat at the ends, 
prominently ribbed. Skm greenish yellow, beautiful 
bright red next the sun. November to January. 

Holland Pippin, k. — Large, roimdish, and flattened. 
Skin yellow, inclining to green, dull red next the sun. 
Stalk short, thick, and deeply set. Eye small, in a slightly 
plaited basin. Flesh pale yellow and pleasantly acid. 
jNovember to March. 

Hood's Seedling. See Scarlet Pearmain, 

HoBMEAD Peabmain, k.d. (Arundel Pearmain, Hor* 
mead Pippin), — Medium sized, ovate conical. Skin of a 
uniform bright yellow. Eye large, closed, and set in a 
shallow, irregidar basin. Btalk very short and stout, in- 
serted in a deep cavity. Flesh white, tender, very juicy, 
and pleasantly acid. An excellent dessert apple. In use 
from October to March. 

Horsley Pippin. See Hollandhury, 

Hubbabd's Peabmain, d. — Small and conical. Skin 
covered with thin russet, sometimes without russet, and 
thin yellowish green. Eye small and closed. Stalk short. 
Flesh yellow, firm, sugaiy, richly flavoured, and aromatic. 
One of the best dessert apples, deserving extensive culti- 
vation. November to April. 

Hughes* Golden Pippin, d. — Small, round, com- 



APPLES. 13 

pressed at the ends. Skin yellow, spotted with green, 
and russet}r. Stalk thick and short. Eye small, in a 
hollow, plaited basin. Flesh yellow, rich, sweet, and 
^reeable. A first-rate dessert apple. December to 
JFebruary. 

Hunt's Nonpareil. See Nonpareil, 

Ingesteie B.ED, D. — Small, oblong orate. Skin bright 
yellow, tinged with red next the sun, speckled with dots. 
!Bye in a round, wide basin. Stalk short and slender. 
Flesh pale yellow, of very rich, iuicy flavour, resembling 
the Golden Pippin. One of the best autunm apples. 
September to November. 

Ingesteie Yellow, d. — Small, ovate oblong. Skin 
deep bright yellow all over. Eye small and shallow. 
Stalk slender. Flesh tender, and very juicy when first 
gathered. A good bearer. October. 

Ieish Peach, D. USarly Crofton). — Medium sized, 
roundish, somewhat flattened and angular. Skin yel- 
lowish green and dotted with brown in the shade, dull 
red next the sun. Eye large and closed. Stalk short. 
Flesh white, tender, juicy, and richly flavoured. This 
ia one of the best summer dessert apples, and is ripe in 
August. 

Irish Pitcher. See Manks Codlin, 

Irish Husset. See Sam Young, 

Ironstone. See French Crab. 

IsLB OP Wight Pippin, k.d. — Medium sized, round, 
and a little flattened. Skin fine rich yellow, and covered 
.with thin grey russet on the shaded side, and of a rich 
orange and red on the side next the sun. Eye open. 
Stalk short. Flesh of a fine yellow colour, firm, juicy, 
and pleasantly acid. September to January. 

JoANNETiNG, D. (Juneaiinff, White Juneating, Owens* 
Golden Beautv), — Small, round, and slightly flattened. 
Skin light yellow, with a red blush next the sun. Eye 
moderately sunk. Stalk long and slender. Flesh crisp 
and pleasant. A good bearer. July to August. 

Jones* Southampton Pippin. See Golden Winter 
JPearmain, 

Keddleston Pippin, d. — Small, conical, and regularly 
formed. Skin of a uniform yellow colour, with YevMai!S5?» 
and specks of russetr Eye half opeii) Be\» m ^ ^D^a^^^ % 



14 APPLBft. 



plaited basin. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, crisp, very 
luicy, sugary, and aromatic. A first-rate dessert appla. 
STovember to March. 

Kentish Fill Basket, k. (Lady De Grey't, Potter^ 
Large). — ^Very large, roundish, and angular. Skin yel- 
lowish green, with a* brownish red blush next the sxm, 
streakea with darker red. Eye large, in a deep irregular 
basin. Flesh juicy, sub-acid. November to January. 

E!ebby Pippik, d. {Edmonton Aromatic Pippin)*'^ 
Medium sized, oval, flattened and wrinkled at the eye. 
Skin pale yellow, tinged and streaked with red next the 
sun. JBye obliquely inserted in a plaited basin. Stalk 
large. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, and very juicy, with a 
rich sugary flavour. One of the best dessert apples. 
September to October. 

Keswick Codlin, k. — ^Large, conical, irregularly a]> 
golar. Skin greenish yellow, with a blush tinge next the 
sun. Eye lar^e, deeply set. Stalk short, much depressed. 
Flesh yellowish white, juicy, and pleasantly 8ub-acid» 
An excellent bearer. August to September. 

King George. See Borsdorffer, 

King of the Pippins. See Golden Winter Fea^main. 

Kirke's Admirable. See MoUandbury, 

Kirke's Golden Eeinette. See Golden JReinette. 

Kirke's Lemon Pippin. See Lemon Pippin* 

Kibkb'sLobd Nelson, k. — Large, roundish. Skin 
smooth, pale yellow, streaked all over with red. Eye 
open. Stalk short and slender. Flesh yellowish white, 
sweet and juicy, but lacks acidity. Kovember to February. 

Knight's Codlin. See Wormsley Pippin, 

Knightwiek. See Court of Wick, 

Lady De Grey's. See Kentish Fill Basket. 

Lamb Abbey Pbabmain, d. — Medium sized, conical, 
slightly flattened at the ends. Skin yellowish green; 
orange, streaked with red, next the sun. Eye rather large, 
deeply sunk. Stalk short. Flesh yellow, greenish at the 
core, crisp, juicy, sweet, and aromatic. One of the best 
dessert fruits, and "keeps well without shrivelling," 
December to April. 

Lancashire Crab. See MineJiall Crah, 

Leathercoat. See Boyal Busset,. 



17PLS8. 1^ 

Lemon Pippin, k.d. (KirJce^s Lemon Pi^in), — Medium 
sized, oval. Skin yellowish green, turning to lemon^ 
yellow. Eye small. Stalk short, with a fleshy protube- 
rance growing on one side. Flesh firm, brisk, and plea- 
santly acid. October to April. 

Lewis* Incompababls, k.d. — Large and conical. Skin 
deep lively red, streaked with red of a darker colour; 
but on the shaded side it is deep yellow, faintly streaked 
with light red, and strewed with numerous minute dark 
dots. Eye small and open. Stalk very short. Flesh 
yellowish, firm, crisp, fuid juicy, with a slight musky 
navour. A large and handsome apple. Li use from 
December to Feoruary. 

LiNcoLNSHiBE HoL£AND PippiN, K. {Striped Hollxmd 
Fippin), — Large, roundish, and flattened. Skin yellow, 
dotted with green dots in the shade, and pale orange, 
streaked with bright red, next the sun. Eye small, set in 
•an angular basin. Stalk short, inserted in a shallow de- 
pression. Flesh white, and slightly acid. A kitchen 
apple from October to December. 

Little Hebbebt, d. — A small, round apple, covered 
with brown russet. Much esteemed in Gloucestershire 
as a first-rate dessert fruit ; but is, in fact, only second- 
rate. Tree a shy bearer. December to March. 

Loan's Psabhain, d. — Eather large, oval. Skin dull 
green, with brownish red next the sun. Flesh greenish 
white, tender, crisp, juicy, and sweet. November to 
February. 

London Golden Pippin. See Golden Pippin. 

• London Pippin, e. {JFive-crowned Pippin, Royal Somer^ 
9€i). — Above medium size, roundish, iiattenea, and an- 
gular, with five prominent knobs round the crown. Skin 
yellow, becoming deep yellow when ripe. Stalk short 
and slender. Eye «mall and shallow. Flesh yellowish 
.white, of an agreeable sub-acid flavour. Good bearer. 
Oetober to January. 

' ^ LoNOYTLLB^'s KEBNsii, D. (Sam*9 Cto^. — Medium 
sized, ovate, and slightly angular. Skin greenish, yellow;, 
.fttreaked with dack yellow on the side next tiie sun. 
Sye small and open. Stallc short. Flesh yellow, firm, 
jlightly acid, and sweet. Only a secondT-rate apple* 
Jiu^l^t and Sei^»mber. 

Lord Gwydyr's Newtown Pippin, ^ee AljVUlva. 



16 ArPLES. 

LoBD Nelsok, k.d. — Bather large, roundish, broadest 
at the base. Skin pale yellow, bright red next the sun. 
Stalk slender and short. Eye open, set in a large, slightly 
plaited basin. Flesh yellowish, juicy, highly aromatic, 
l^ovember to January. 

LoBD SuFFiBLD, K. — ^Above medium size, conical. Skin 
pale greenish yellow, with sometimes a tinge of red next 
the sun. Eye closed. Stalk short and stout. Elesh 
white, tender, and firm, very juicy, and briskly flavoured. 
August and September. 

Lovedon's Pippin. See Nonpareil, 

LucoMBE*s Pine, d. — Below medium size, ovate or 
conical. Skin clear pale yellow, with an orange tinge 
next the sun, and marked with patches of russet. Eye 
small and closed. Stalk short and stout. Elesh tender, 
crisp, very juicy, sugary, and aromatic. A first-rate 
dessert apple. October to Christmas. 

Litcombe's Seedling, k. — ^Large, roundish, and an- 
gular. Skin yellowish green, covered with dark spots, 
and streaked with crimson next the sun. Stalk snort 
and thick. Eye small and open. Flesh white, juicy, 
and pleasant flavoured. October to March. 

Maclean's Favoubite, d. — Medium sized, roundish. 
Skin yellow. Flesh crisp and richly flavoured, resem- 
bling the Newtown Pippm. An abundant bearer, and 
" of the highest excellence." October to January. 

Mammoth. See Gloria Mundi. 

Manks Codlin, k. {Irish Pitcher, Frith Pitcher),—- 
Medium sized, conical. Skin pale yellow, flushed with 
Ted next the sun. Stalk short and fleshy. Eye shallow. 
Flesh yellowish white, slightly perfumed. One of the 
best kitchen apples. September to November. 

Mannington's Pbabmain, d. — ^Medium sized, abrupt 
pearmain-shaped. Skin rich golden yellow, covered with 
russet, and dull brownish red next the sun. Eye closed. 
Stalk long. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, sugarv, and 
aromatic. A first-rate late dessert apple. October to 
March. 

Mabgabet, d. (Early Ited Margaret, Eve, JRed Juneat* 
ing. Striped Juneatina, Striped Quarrenden), — Under the 
medium size, roundish-ovate, narrowing towards the eye. 
Skin greenish yellow, with deep red stripes on one sicLe. 



AFFLBS. 17 

Eye small, closed, and set in a shallow plaited basin. Flesh 
white, brisk, juicy, and vinous. " One of the best early 
apples," generally eaten off the tree. August. 

Mabqil, d. {Neverfail), — Small, ovato-conical, slightly 
angular. Skin orange, streaked and mottled with red 
next the sun, slightljr russety in the shade. Stalk short. 
Eye small, set in an irregular basin. Flesh yellow, firm^ 
and richly aromatic. November to March. 

Megginch Favourite. See Golden Beinette. 

Melon Affle, d. — Medium sized, roundish, and nar» 
rowing a little towards the eye. Skin lemon yellow on 
the shaded side, and light crmison next the sun. Eye 
small and half open. Stalk half an inch long, very slender» 
Flesh yellowish white, very tender, crisp, juicy, sweet, 
and vinous, with a delicate perfume. A first-rate Ame- 
rican apple, which ripens in this country. December and 
January. 

Mebe de Menage, k. — Large, conical. Skin red, 
streaked with darker red all over, except a little on the 
shaded side, where it is yellow. Eye sunk in an angular 
basin. Stalk very stout, inserted in a deep cavity, so 
much so as to be scarcely visible. Flesh firm, crisp, brisk, 
and juicy. A valuable and beautiful kitchen apple* In 
use from October to January. 

Milton Golden Pippin. See Golden Pippin, 

Ming HALL Ceab, k. (Lancashire Crah). — Large, round, 
and considerably depressed. Skin dull green on the 
shaded side, and tinged and striped with duU red on the 
side next the sun. Eye lar^e and open. Stalk rather 
short. Flesh white, firm, crisp, and oriskly acid. No- 
vember to March. 

Minieb's Dumpling, k. — Large, roundish, somewhat 
flattened, and angular. Skin dark green, covered with 
dark red next the sun. Stalk an inch long, and stout. 
Flesh firm, juicy, and sub-acid. November to May. 

Monstrous Pippin. See Gloria Mundi. 

MoBBis* NoNPABEiL E-ussET, D. — Stnall, conical, and 

with the eye placed laterally. Skin green, covered with 

large patches of russet. Eye smaU and open. Stalk 

short and deeply inserted. Flesh greenish, firm, crisp, 

.juicy, sugary, and aromatic. An excellent dessert apple. 

= October to March. 



IS APPLES. 

Mother Apple. See Oslin, 

Mother Apple, American, d. — Above medium size, 
conical and ani^ular. Skin deep yellow, but highhr 
coloured, with veins and mottles of crimson. Eye smaU 
and closed. Stalk half an inch long, slender. Flesh 
yellowish white, vey tender, and juicy ; crisp, sweet, and 
with a balsamic flavour. A flrst-rate American appte, 
which ripens well in this country. October. 

Motteux* Seedling. See Beachamwell. 

Nanny, d. — Medium sized, roundish, angular and 
ribbed round the eye. Skin greenish yellow, streaked 
with crimson, and often with a deep red cheek. Eye 
open. Stalk short. Flesh yellow, soft, and tender, 
juicy, sugary, and with the Ribston Pippin and Margil 
iftavours. A first-rate dessert apple. In use in October, 
but soon becomes mealy. 

Nelson Codlin, k.d. (Nelson), — Large and handsome, 
of a conical or oblong shape. Skin of a uniform rich 
yellow, and covered with rather large dark dots. Eye 
open, set in a deep, plaited, irregular basin. Stalk very 
short. Flesh yellowish white, delicate, tender, juicy, and 
flugary. A valuable apple for the kitchen or even the 
dessert. Season from September to January. 

Neverfail. See MargiL 

New Nonpareil. See Early Nonpareil. 

Newtown Pippin, d. — Medium sized, roundish, 
rather irregular, and obscurely ribbed. Skin dull green, 
changing to olive green when ripe, with a brownish blush 
next the sun. Eye small and closed, set in a shallow 
basin. Stalk short, slender, and deeply set. Flesh 
greenish white, tender, juicy, and crisp, with a fine 
aroma. Requires a wall m this country. December to 
April. 

New York Gloria Mimdi. See Gloria Mundi, 

Nonesuch, k.d. — Medium sized, round, and flattened. 
Skin greenish yellow, striped with dull red next the sun. 
Stalk short and slender. Eye small, set in a wide, shallow 
basin. Flesh white, tender, and pleasantly sub-acid. 
September and October. 

Nonpareil, d. (Sunfs Nonpareil, Lovedon's Pippin) 
— ^Rather below medium size, roundish, slightly ovate. 
Skin greenish yellow, with pale russet, and brownisht 



4PP]UB0. 19 

red next the sun. Stalk long and slender. E^e small, 
set in a narrow, round basin. Flesh greenish white, firm, 
crisp, and richly flavoured. A flrst-rate dessert apple. 
January to May. 

19'oBFOLE Beabeb^ k. — ^About medium size, roundish, 
iU3Lgular round the eje. Skin green, with a yellowish 
tix^e on the shaded side, but covered with dark crimson 
4^xt the sun. i^ye small and slightly open. Stalk half 
an inch long, slender. Flesh greenish, tender, crisp, 
with a brisk and agreeable flavour. Tree a great bearer. 
December and January. 

Norfolk Beefing, k. (Catshead Beefing, bead's 
Baker), — ^Large, round, flat at the ends. Skin green, 
and deep red next the sun. Stalk short, fleshy, and 
deeply inserted. Eye large, set in a deep and irreguiarlv 
plaited basin. Flesh greenish white, Arm, and sub-acid. 
•* Excellent for drying. November to July. 

Norfolk Colman. See Winter Colman. 
Norfolk Pippin. See Adarns* Pearmain. 
Norfolk Storing. See TVinter Colman. 
Normanton Wonder. See JDumelow's Seedling, 

NoETHEBN Gbbening, K. (Walmer Court), — ^Abovethe 
medium size, roundish ovate. Skin dull green, brownish 
red next the sun. Stalk short and thick. Eye small. 
Flesh greenish white, sub-acid. A first-rate kitchen 
apple. November to April. 

NoBTHBBN Spy, d. — ^Large, conical, and angular. Skin 
yellow on the shaded side, but streaked with crimson on 
the side next the sun. Stalk three quarters of an inch 
long, slender. Flesh yellowish white, juicy, rich, and 
aromatic. An American apple, which ripens well in this 
country. December to May. 

Northwick Pippin. See Blenheim Ora/nge, 

Nutmeg Pippin. See Cockle Bijppin. 

01daker*s New. See AJfriston. 

Old Maid^s. See Knohhed Busset 

Orange Pippin. See IsU qf Wight Pippin. 

Qbd's Apple, d. — Medium sized, conical, with promi- 
nent and unequal ribs, forming ridges rotind the eye. 
Skin smooth and shiny, light green, and witji pale bro^\^VsL 



20 APPLES. 

red next the sun. Eye small and closed. Stalk sliort. 
jFlesli tender, crisp, and brittle ; very juicy, vinous, and 
perfumed. An excellent dessert apple* January to May. 

OsLiN, D. (Arbroath Pippin, Mother Apple). — Medium 
sized, roundish, flattened. Skin green, changing to lemon 
yellow, dotted with greyish-green specks. Stalk thick 
and short. Eye in a shallow, plaited basin. Elesh 
yellowish, Arm, crisp, and highly aromatic* One of the 
best summer apples. August. 

Owen's Golden Beauty. See Joanneting, 

Ox Apple. See Gloria Mundi, 

Oxford Peach. See Scarlet Pearmain. 

Pearmain. See Winter Pear main. 

Peabson's Plate, d. — Small, roundish, and flattened. 
Skin greenish yellow, red next the sun. Eye open and 
shallow. Stalk half an inch long. Flesh greenish vellow, 
firm, crisp, juicy, and sugaij, with a fine brisk flavour. 
A first-rate dessert fruit. December to March. 

Pennington's Seedling, d.— Medium sized, flat, and 
slightly angular. Skin covered with yellow russet, pale 
brown next the sun. Stalk long, thick, and set in a wide, 
irregular cavity. Eye with long segments, shallow. 
Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, and highly flavoured, No- 
vember to March. 

Phillipps* Eeinette. See Court of Wick, 

Piles* Eusset, d. — ^Rather large, irregular. Skin pale 
green, and covered with thick russet. Stalk short. Eye 
closed. Flesh greenish yellow, firm, sugary, and aro- 
matic. March and April. 

Pineapple Russet, d. — Above medium size, roundish 
ovate, and angular. Skin greenish yellow, dotted with 
white spots on one side, and covered with thick yellowish 
russet on the other. Stalk an inch long. Eye small, set 
in a shallow, plaited basin. Flesh pale yellow, crisp, very 
juicy, tender, with a highly aromatic perfume. One of 
the best dessert apples^ September and October. 

PiNNEB Seedling, d. (CareVs Seedling). — Medium 
sized, roundish ovate, and slightly angular. Skin greenish 
yeUow, nearly covered with russet, and with a reddish- 
brown cheek next the sun. Eye small and closed. Stalk 
short. Flesh yellowijsh, crisp, juicy, sugary, and brisk. 
December to April. 



APPLES. 21 

PiTM ASTON NoNPABEiL, D. {Busset Coat Nonpareil).-^ 
Medium sized, flat, compressed at the ends. Skin doll 
green, covered witli a tnin yellow russet, with a faint 
red next the sun. Stalk short. Eye open, large, and 
placed in a broad, shallow, and irregularly plaited cavity. 
Flesh greenish yellow, firm, and richly aromatic. No- 
vember and December. 

PoMME Geisb, d. — Small, roundish, or ovate. Skin 
russety, with a brownish-red tinge on the side next the 
sun. Eye small and open. Stalk short. Elesh yellowish, 
tender, crisp, juicy, sugary, and aromatic. October to 
Eebruary. 

Portugal. See Seinetfe du Canada. 

Potter's Large. See Kentish Fill Basket 

Powell's Eusset, d. — Small, roundish, flat at the «nds. 
Skin yellowish green, and russety. Stalk short and slender. 
Eye small. Elesh pale yellow, rich, and aromatic. No- 
vember to January. 

Princess Noble. See Golden Beinette, 
Princess Noble Zoete. See Court-pendu Flat 
Queen's Apple. See Borsddrffer, 

Eavelston Pippin, d. — Medium sized, roundish, irre- 
gularly shaped, and ribbed. Skin greenish yellow, covered 
with red streaks. Eye closed. Stalk short and thick. 
Elesh yellow, firm, sweet, and pleasantly flavoured. 
August. 

Eead's Baker. See Norfolk Beefing, 

Red Astbachan, d. {An^lesea Fippin), — Medium sized, 
conical, and angular. Skm entirely covered with bright 
red on the side next the sun ; deep yellow in the shade, 
and covered with a bloom. Stalk snort, deeply inserted. 
Eye closed. Elesh white, and richly flavoured. Very 
prolific, and an excellent dessert apple. August and 
September. 

Bed Quarrenden. See Devonshire Quarrenden, 

Bed-Stbeak, O.K. {Scudamore*s Crah). — Medium sized, 
roundish. Skin deep yellow, and streaked all over with 
red. Eye small. Stalk short and slender. Elesh firm, 
crisp, and rather dry. 

Beinette Blanche d'EsPagnb, k.D. {Cohheffs Fall 
Fipjpin, Fall Pfpptn).— Large, roundish, oblong, asi^Asx^ 



22 APPLIS. 

with broad ribs ; apex nearly as broad as tbe base. Skin 
yellowish green in the shade ; orange, tinged with red, 
next the sun ; dotted with black. Stalk half an inch long, 
set in a small cavity. Eye largo, open, deepljr sunk in a& 
irregular basin. Flesh yellowish white, crisp, tender, 
and sugary. One of the largest apples, and of excellent 
quality. IWovember to March. 

Beinettb du Canada, k.d. (Portuffdl Russet, St. J2e- 
lena Russet), — Large, conical, and flattened. Skin greenish 
yellow, brown next the sun. Stalk short, inserted in a 
wide hollow. Eye set in a deep, irregular basin. Flesh 
white, firm, and juicy. November to May. 

Ebinette Gbise, d. — Meditim sized, round, and com- 
pressed at both ends, rather broadest at the base. Skia 
yellovish green in the shade ; dull orange, tinged with 
red, next the sun ; covered with grey russet. Eye small, 
set in a rather shallow, narrow, and angular basin. Stalk 
short, inserted in a wide and deep cavity. Flesh yellowish 
white, firm, juicy, rich, and sugary, with a pleasant sub- 
acid flavour. A dessert apple of the first quality. In 
use from November to April. 

Eeinette Van Mons,d. — ^Below medium size, flattened, 
and almost oblate, having five rather obscure ribs, which 
terminate in distinct ridges round the eye. Skin greenish 
yellow in the shade, but with a dull and brownish-orange 
tinge next the sun ; the whole surface has a thin coat" 
ing of brown russet. Eye closed, set in a rather deep 
depression. Stalk half an inch long. Flesh yellowish, 
tender, crisp, juicy, sugary, and aromatic. December 
to May. 

Rhode Island Gbeening, k.d. — Large, roundish, and 
compressed. Skin dark green, changing to pale green, 
dullish red near the stalk, which is long, curved, and 
thickest at the bottom. Eye small, closed, and sunk in 
an open cavity. Flesh yellow, tender, crisp, juicy, rich, 
and aromatic. November to March. 

B.IBSTON Pippin, d. {Glory of York, Formosa JPippin, 
Tr avers* Pippin). — Medium sized, roundish, broadest at 
the base, irregular. Skin greenish yellow, changing when 
ripe to deep yellow ; mottled and streaked with red and 
russet next the sun. Stalk half an inch long, slender, set 
in a wide cavity. Eye small, closed, and sunk in an irre- 
gular basin. Flesh deep yellow, fine, crisp, sharp, and 



APFLS6. 23 

richly aromatic. The king of Ejiglisli dessert apples. 
October to May. 

Book's Nest. See Aromatic Musset 

JtofiKEMiLEY E.USSET, D. — Medium sized, ovate. Skin 
yellow, tinged with, green, tinged t\ ith red on the side 
next the sun, and covered with thin pale brown russet. 
Eye small and generally closed. Stalk very long. Flesh 
yellow, crisp, tender, very juicy, sugary, and highly 
aromatic. A first-rate dessert apple^ In use from De- 
cember to February. 

IRoss NoNPAKEiL, D. — Medium sized, roundish, narrow- 
ing towards the eye. Skin covered with thin russet, with 
faint red next the sun. Stalk long, slender, mid deeply 
inserted. Eye set in a shallow basin. Flesh greenish 
white, tender, and richly aromatic. November to -4pTih 

EoiTND WiNTEE NoNESUCH, K. — Large, roundish, and 
depressed. Skin lively green, almost entirely covered 
with broken streaks and patches of fine deep red, and 
thickly strewed with russe^ dots; in some specimens the 
colour extends almost entirely round the fruit in long, 
broad patches. Eye large, closed, and prominetly set on 
the surface. Stalk short, deeply inserted in a funnel- 
shaped cavity. Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, and 
slightly acid. A first-rate kitchen apple. In use fi*om 
November to February. 

HoYAL PEAEMAiif, K.D. (Herefordshire JPearmain). — 
Rather large, oblong, and slightly angular. Skin yel- 
lowish green in the shade, and marked with russety specks ; 
tinged with dull red next the sun, and sometimes with a 
few stripes of red. Eye small and open, set in a small, 
shallow basin. Stalk short, deeply inserted. Flesh yel- 
lowish, firm, crisp, juicy, and particularly rich and 
aromatic. In season from November to March. 

ItoTAL.lRussET, K. (Leather CO at) . — Large, conical. Skin 
yellowish green, covered with grey russet. Stalk short. 
Eye small. Flesh greenish white, slightly aromatic. 
November to May. 

!Boyal Somerset. See London Pijppin. 

Boxbury Eusset. See Boston Russet, 

Eussetcoat Nonpareil. See Titmaston NortpareiL 

Husset Golden Pippin. See Golden Pipvin. 

EussET Tabt.b Peabmain, d. — Below the medlvuDa. %\afc. 



^ APPLES. 

oblong ovate. Skin very russety, with, yellowish green 
shining out on the shaded side ; and orange, with a name 
of red breaking through the russet, on the side next the 
sun. Eye open. Stalk half an inch long. Flesh yellow, 
firm, sugary, rich, and juicy, with a pleasant perfume. 
A first-rate dessert apple. In use from November to 
February. 

Bussian. See Court-pendu Plat, 

Hussian Emperor. See Emperor Alexander, 

Bymee, k. — Large, roundish, regularly formed, and 
angular. Skin pale yellow, tinged all over with delicate 
rose, and of a deep bright red next the sun. Eye open, 
placed in an irregular, angular basin, which is surrounded 
by several prominent knobs. Stalk short and deeply in- 
serted. Elesh yellow, delicate, juicy, and briskly acid. 
One of the best culinary apples, admirably adapted for 
sauce, or for baking. In use from October to December. 
Tree healthy, vigorous, and an abundant bearer. 

Sack Apple. See Devonshire Quarrenden, 

Sack and Sugae, d. — Below medium size, roundish, 
inclining to oval, with prominent ridges round the eye. 
Skin pale yellow, with a few broken streaks of red. Eye 
large and open. Stalk short. Flesh white, very tender, 
and juicy, with a brisk and balsamic flavour. Early in 
August. 

St. Helena Busset. See JReinette du Canada, 

Sam Eawlings. See JSoary Morning, 

Sam Young, d. {IrisJi Itusset), — Below medium size, 
roundish, compressed, and regular. Skin bright yellow, 
with grey russet, and dotted with brown spots on the 
yellow ground ; russety red next the sun. Stalk short. 
Eye large and open, set in a broad basin. Flesh greenish 
yellow, tender, juicy, and richly flavoured. November 
to February. 

Sam's Crab. See Longville*s Kernel, 

ScAELET NoNPAEEiL, D. — Medium sized, roundish, 
flattened, handsome, and regularly formed. Skin green, 
tinged with russet ; deep red, streaked with brown, next 
the sun. Stalk long and stout. Eye set in a regular, 
slig;htly -plaited, shallow basin. Flesh firm, yellowish 
white, rich, and juicy. January to March. 

ScAELET Peaemain, d. (BelVs Scarlet, Oxford Peach), 



AFPLX8, 25 

•-^Medium sized, conical. Skin deep red, witli yellow in 
tlie shade; bright crimson next the sun. Stalk long, 
slender, and deeply set. Eye full and deeply sunk. 
Flesh white, tinged with pink, juicy, crisp, and pleasant. 
September to December. 

ScBEVETON Golden Pippin, d. — Larger than the old 
Golden Pippin, and little, if at all, inferior to it in flavour. 
Skin yellowish, considerably marked with russet. Flesh 
yellow, and more tender than the old Gt>lden Pippin. 
December to April. 

Scudamore's Crab. See Bed-Streak. 

Shepherd's Seedling. See A^friston. 

SiE Waltee Blackett*8, d. {Edinburgh Cluster). — 
Small, roundish-ovate. Skin pale lemon yellow, very 
much dotted with pale brown russet and patches of the 
same, and with a faint orange tinge next the sun. Eye 
small and closed. Stalk long, deeply inserted. Flesh white, 
tender, juicy, and brisk, with a peculiar aroma. A first-rate 
dessert apple for northern districts. November to January . 

Small's Admieable, k.d. — Above medium size, 
roundish-ovate, and flattened obtusely angular on the sides. 
Skin of a uniform lemon-yellow colour. Eye small, closed, 
and set in a rather deep basin. Stalk an inch long, slender. 
Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, sweet, and agreeably acid, 
with a delicate perfume. November and December. 

Somebset Lasting, k. — ^Large, oblate, and irregidar on 
the sides. Skin pale yellow, streaked and dottea with a 
little bright crimson. Eye large and open. Stalk short. 
Flesh yellowish, tender, crisp, with a rough acid. Octo- 
ber to February. 

Sops in Wine, D.—Small, globular, narrow towards the 
eye. Skin crimson in the shade, stained and striped with 
purplish crimson next the sim ; covered with white bloom. 
Stalk lon^ and slender. Eye open, set in a shallow basin. 
Flesh white, stained with pink, firm, crisp, and juicy. 
October to February. 

Speckled Gulden Beinette* See Barcelona JPearmaii^. 

Speckled Pearmain. See Barcelona Bearmain, 

Spice Apple. See Aromatic Busset. 

Spbingboye Codlin, k. — ^Medium sized, conical, broad 
at the base, and narrow at the a^ex. Skin greenish yel- 
low, tinged with orange on the side next th^ ^\yii. ^-^^ 



26 jkin^L3Es» 

closed. Stalk aliort* Flesk greenish yellow, soft, sT^'«et, 
slightly acid, and agreeably perfumed. An excellent 
summer kitchen api)le. In use from July to October. 

Spbing RiBSTON, D. (Baddoto Pippin). — Below medium 
size, roundish, or rather oblate, ribbed on the sides, and 
knobbed round the apex. Skin yellowish green, covered 
with dull red next the sun. Eye large and open. Stalk 
very short. Mesh greenish white, crisp, juicy, sugary, 
with an aromatic flavour. A first-rate dessert apple. 
November to May. 

Stagg's Nonpareil. See JSarly Nonpareil, 

Stamfoed Pippin, d.k, — Large, roundish, inclining to 
ovate. Skin yellow, with a slight tinge of orange on one 
side. Eye small and half open. Stalk short. Flesh 
yellowish, firm, but quite tender, crisp, and very juicy, 
with a sweet, brisk flavour, and pleasant aroma. De- 
cember to March. 

Stettin Pippin. See Dutch Mignonne, 

Stbiped Beefing, k. — Large, roundish, and somewhat 
flattened. Skin green, changing to greenish yellow, and 
almost entirely covered with broken streaks and patches 
of red. Eye large and open. Stalk rather short, deeply 
inserted, if'lesh yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, and pleasantly 
acid. A very fine culinary apple. In use from October 
to May. 

Striped Holland Pippin. See Lincolnshire Holland 
Pippin, 

Striped Joanneting. See Margaret, 

Striped Quarrenden. See Margaret, 

Stubmeb Pippin, d. — Medium sized, roundish, and 
flattened. Skin yellowish green, and brownish red next 
the sun. Eye small and closed. Stalk long and straight. 
Flesh yellow, firm, brisk, sugary, and richly flavoured 
January to June. 

Sudlow's Fall. See FranMin*s Golden Pippin, 

SxjGARLOAF PiPPiN, K. — Mcdlum sizcd, oblong. Skin 
fine light yellow, dotted with green ; becoming almost 
white when fully ripe. Eye small. Stalk long. Flesh 
whitish, firm, crisp, and very juicy, with a pleasant, sweet, 
and sub-aeid flavour. Ripe m August. 

Summer Golden Pifpin, d. — Below medium size^ 



APPLBA. 

ovate, and flattened at the ends. Skin pale yellow in the 
shade, tinged with orange and brownish red next the sun. 
Eye open. Stalk thick and short. Elesh yellowish, firm, 
very juicy, with a rich vinous and sugary flavour. A 
delicious, early dessert apple. End of August. 

Summer Nonpareil. See Early NorvparieL 

Summer Pearmain, d. (Autumn Pearmain). — Medium 
sized, conical. Skin rich yellow, thickly dotted with brown 
dots in the shade, and striped and mottled with orange 
and bright red next the sun. Eye small. Stalk short, 
fleshy at the base, at its union with the fruit. Elesh yel- 
lowish white, crisp, and richly perfumed. October to 
January. 

Summer Strawberry, d. — Below medium size, oblate, 
even, and regularly formed. Skin smooth and shining, 
striped all over with yellow and red stripes. Eye not 
at all depressed, surrounded with prominent plaits. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long^ Elesh white, tender, 
juicy, briskly and pleasantly flavoured. September. 

Sweeny Nonpareil, k. — Above medium size, roundish- 
ovate. Skin bright green and russety, sometimes with a 
tinge of brown next the sun. Eye small and half open. 
Stalk long. Flesh greenish white, firm, crisp, and power- 
ftdly acid. An excellent sauce apple. January to ApriL 

Sykehouse E/USset, d.— Small, roundish, compressed. 
Skin greenish yellow and russety in the shade, browniek 
red next the sun. Eye open, deeply sunk. Elesh greenisk 
yellow, and richly flavoured. Ajo. excellent apple, and 
deserves general cultivation. November to February. 

Thorle Pippin. See Whorle Pippin, 

Toker's Incomparable, k. — Large, ovate, broad, and 
flattened at; the base. Skin yellowish green, with a tinge 
of red next the fiun, and a few crimson streaks. Eye 
large, nearly closed. Stalk very short. Flesh yeUowisn, 
firm, crisp, tender, juicy, with a pleasant aoid. N ovembev 
to Christmas. 

Tower ot Glammis, x. {Car»e of Gomie).^^ Large, 
conical, and distinctly fcwar-sided. Skin deep snlphtir 
yellow. Eye closed and deeply set. Stalk an inch iong# 
deeply inserted. Elesh greenish white, very juicy, erifl^f, 
brisk, and perfumed. November to February. 

Transparent Pippm. See Cknirt qf Tftcfc. 



28 iLPFLES. 

Trayers' Pippin. See JRihston Pippin, 

Tulip, d. — Below medium size, ovato-eonical. Skin, 
all over deep red, except on the shaded side, where it is 
golden yellow. Eye open. Stalk short. Flesh greenish 
yellow, crisp, juicy, sweet, and sub-acid. I^ovember to 
April. 

Wadhuest Pippin, k. — Above medium size, sometimes 
larffe, conical, and an^ar. Skin yellow, and mottled 
with brownish red on me side next the sun. Eye closed 
and deeply set. Stalk short and stout. Flesh yellowish, 
crisp, juicy, and briskly flavoured. October to February. 

Walmer Court. See Northern Greening, 
Waltham Abbey Seedling. See Golden Nolle, 
Warter's Golden Pippin. See Golden Pippin, 
Warwickshire Pippin. See WyJcen Pippin, 
Week Pearmain. See Wickham*s Pearmain, 
Weeks* Pippin. See Court of Wick, 
Wellington. See Dumelow's Seedling, 

Wheelbb's Russet, d. — Medium sized, roundish, com- 
pressed, and irregular. Skin pale russet in the shade, 
bright brown next the sun. Stalk short. Eye small. 
Flesh greenish white, firm, and brisk flavoured. No- 
vember to April. 

White Astbachan, d. — ^Medium sized, conical. Skin 
pale yellow, or almost white, with faint streaks of red next 
the sun. Stalk thick and short. Eye small. Eemarkable 
for the transparency of its flesh. August and September. 

White Pabadise, d. (Lady^s Finger, Egg Apple), — 
Medium sized, oblong. Skin smooth, fine deep yellow, 
marked with broken streaks and dots of red. Eye 0|)en. 
Stalk an inch long. Flesh yellowish, tender, crisp, 
sugary, and pleasantly flavoured. October. 

Whoele Pippin, d. {Thorle Pippin).— 'BgIoyt medium 
size, oblate. Skin smooth, shining, and glossy, entirely 
covered with fine bright crimson, except where shaded, 
and then it is clear yellow. Eye large, half open, and 
frequently rent. Stalk very short. Flesh yellowish white, 
firm, crisp, very juicy, with a pleasant, refreshing flavour. 
August. 

^ Wickham's Peabmain, d. (Week Pearmain). — Medium 
sized, conical. Skin yellow, and almost entirely covered 



APPLES. 29 

with bright red next the sun. Eye half open. Stalk half 
an inch long. Flesh greenish yellow, tender, crisp, juicy, 
sugary, and highly flavoured. October to December. 

WiNTEE CoDLiN, K.— Large, conical, five-sided, and 
ribbed. Skin smooth, yellowish green, and sometimes 
with a tinge of red next the sun. Eye very large and 
open. Staflc very short. Flesh greenish wmte, tender, 
juicy, sweet, and sub-md. September to February. 

Winter Col^a^,k, (Norfolk Colman, Norfolk Storing), 
— ^Large, round, and much flattened at both ends. Skin 
pale yellow, spotted with red on the shaded side, and 
lively red next the sun. Eye small and open. Stalk 
short and deeply inserted. Flesh firm, crisp, and briskly 
acid. An excellent culinary apple* From I^ovember to 
March. 

Winter Greening. See M'ench Crab, 

Winter Majetin, k. — Large, roundish, terminated at 
the apex by five prominent crowns. Skin green, tinged 
with dull red on the side next the sim. Eye small and 
closed, set in a deep, narrow, and an^lar basin. Stalk 
long and slender. Flesh greenish white, firm, and of an 
agreeable acid flavour. This is a very desirable culinary 
apple. In season from November to March. The tree 
is a very prolific bearer. 

Winter Peabmain, k.d. {Old Pearmain), — Large, 
conical, somewhat five-sided towards the crown. Skin 
smooth and shining ; greenish yellow on the shaded side, 
but covered with deep red and red streaks next the sun. 
Eye large and open. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, firm, 
crisp, juicy, and sugary, with a brisk and pleasant flavour. 
December to April. 

Winter Strawberry, k.d. — Medium sized, round. 
Skin yellow, striped with red. Eye prominent, sur- 
rounded with plaits. Stalk about an incn long, inserted 
in a shallow cavity. Flesh yellowish, crisp, juicy, briskly 
acid, and with a pleasant aroma. November to March. 

Winter Quoining, k.d. {Winter Queening). — Medium 
sized, abrupt-conical, five-sided, and angular at the apex. 
Skin pale yellow, almost entirely covered with red. Eye 
small and closed. Stalk half an inch long. Flesh greenish 
yellow, tender, sweet, and perfumed. November to May. 

Wollaton Pippin. Court-pendu Flat, 



80 AT^PiiES. 

"Wood's Huntingdon. See Court of Wtok, 

Woodstock Pippin. Sea Blenheim Orange, 

WoEMSLEY Pippin, k.d. (KnigMs Codlin), — Medium 
sized, roundish, narrow towards the eye. Skin pale 
green, becoming deeper towards the sun, and marked 
with dark specks. Stalk an inch long, deeply set. Eye 
deeply sunk, placed in a plaited basin. Plesh white, 
crisp, and highly flavoured. September and October. 

Wygers. See Golden Beineite, 

Wyken Pippin, d. {Arley, GirJcin Pippin, Warwick' 
shire Pippin). — Small, roundish, and compressed. Skin 
pale yellowish green, with dull orange next the sun. Stalk 
short. Eye small. Flesh greenish yellow, tender, very 
juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. December to April. 

Wyker Pippin. See Golden Beinette, 

Yellow Harvest. See Early Harvest. 

YoBKSHiBB Greening, k. (Coates*, Yorkshire Goose 
Sauce). — Large, roundish, irregular, and flattened. Skin 
dark green, striped with dull red next the sun. Stalk 
short and thick. Eye closed. Flesh white, and pleasantly 
acid. One of the best kitchen apples. October to January. 



LISTS OF SELECT APPLES, 

ADAPTED TO VARIOUS LATITUDES OF GREAT BRITAIN. 



I. SOUTHERN DISTRICTS OF ENaLAND, 
and not bxtjinding pubther noeth than the eiveb trent. 

1. Summer Apples. 

DSS9EBT. Saok itnd Sugar 

Borovitsky Summer Q^olden Pippin 
DeToiishire Quarrenden Kitchen. 

Early Harvest Carlisle Codlin 

Early Julien Duchess of Oldenburgh 

Irish Peach Keswick Codlin 

Joanneting Lord Suffield 

Kerrj Pippin Manks Codlin 

Margaret Springrove Codlin 



▲PPL18. 



81 



2, Autumn Apples. 



Dbssebt. 
Adams* Fearmain 
American Mother Apple 
BorsdOrffer 
Blenheim Pippin 
Claygate Pearmain 
Coo's Golden Drop 
Cornish Aromatic 
Court of Wick 
Cox's Orange Pippin 
Downton Pippin 
Eai'lj Nonpareil 
Feavn's Pippin 
Franklin's deaden Pippin 
Golden Pippin 
Golden Beinette 
Golden Winter Pearmain 
Lucombe's Piue 
Margil 
Melon Apple 
Nanny 

Pine Apple Busset 
Bibston Pippin 
Sjkehouse Buaaet 
Bed Ingestrie 
Beinette Yan Mons 



White Ingestri© 

KlTOHEK. 

Bedfordshire Foundling 
CeUini 

Cox's Pomona 
Emperor Alexander 
Flower of Kent 
Forge 

Gloria Mundi 
Golden Noble 
Greenup's Pippin 
Harvey Apple 
Hawthomdcn 
Hoary Morning 
Kentish Fill Basket 
Lemon Pippin 
M^re de mlnage 
Nelson Codlin 
Nonesuch 
Tower of Glammis 
Wadhurst Pippin 
Winter Quoining 
Wormsley Pippin 
Yorkshire Greening 



3. Winter Apples. 



Dessebt. 
Ashmead's Kernel 
Barcelona Pearmain 
Boston Russet 
Braddick's Nonpareil 
Claygate Pearmain 
Cockle Pippin 
Cornish Gilliflower 
Court-pendu Plat 
Downton Nonpareil 
Dredge's Fame 
Dutch Mignonne 
Golden Harvey 
G olden Busset 
Hughes' Golden Pippin 
Hubbard's Pearmain 
Keddleston Pippin 
Lamb Abbey Pearmain 



Maclean's Favourite 
Mannington's Pearmain 
Nonpareil 
Ord's Apple 
Pearson's Plate 
Pinner Seedling 
Pitmaston Nonpareil 
Boss Nonpareil 
Busset Table Pearmain 
Sam Young 
Spring Bibston 
Stunner Pippin 
Wyken Pippin 

KiTOHSN. 
Alfriston 
Beauty of Kent " 
Bess Pool 



.z' 



62 



APPLES. 



Brabant Bellefleur 
Brownlees' Eusset 
Dumelow's Seedling 
French Crab 
Gooseberry Apple 
Hambledon Deux Ans 
Hanwell Souring 
Minchall Crab 
l^orfolk Bee£ng 
Norfolk Colman 



Norfolk Stone Pippin 
Northern Greening 
Beinette Blanche d'Espagne 
Ehode Island Greening 
Bound Winter Nonesuch 
Boyal Fearmaiu 
Bojal Busset 
Striped Beefing 
Winter Majetin 
Winter Pearmain 



II. NOBTHEBN DISTBICTS OF ENGLAND, 

SXTENDING TEOM THE BIYEB TBENT TO THE BIYEB TTITE. 

1. SuMMEB Apples. 



Dessebt. 
DcTonshire Quarrenden 
Early Harvest 
Irish Peach 
Joanneting 
Kerry Pippin 
Margaret 
Oslin 



Whorle 

Kitchen. 
Carlisle Codlin 
Keswick Codlin 
Lord Suffield 
Manks Codlin 
Nonesuch 
Springrove Codlin 



.T 



2. Autumn Apples. 



Dessebt. 

Borsdarffer 
Downton Pippin 
Early Nonpareil 
Franklin's Golden Pippin 
Golden Monday 
Golden Winter Pearmain 
Bed Ingestrie 
Bibston Pippin 
Stamford Pippin 
Summer Pearmain 
Wormsley Pippin 



Yellow Ingestrie 

Kitchen* 
Cellmi 

Emperor Alexander 
Gloria Mundi 
Greenup's Pippin 
Hawthornden 
Lemon Pippin 
Mere de Menage 
Nelson Codlin 
Nonesuch 
Tower of Glammis 



Adams' Pearmain 
Barcelona Pearmain 
Bess Pool 
Braddick's Nonpareil 



3. Winter Apples. 
Dessebt. Claygate Pearmain 



Cockle Pippin 
Court of Wick 
Court-pendu Plat 
Golden Pippin 



AFPLBd. 



33 



Dessebt. 

Golden Beinette 
Keddleston Pippin 
Margil 
Nonpareil 

Pitmaston Nonpareil 
Koyal Pearmain 
Scarlet Nonpareil 
Stunner Pippin 
Sykehoose Busset 



KiTOHSir. 
Alfriston 

Bedfordshire Foundling 
Blenheim Pippin 
Dumelow's Seedling 
French Crab 
M^re de Manage 
Nelson Codlin 
Northern Greening 
Bound Winter Nonesuch 
Yorkshire Greening 



III. BOBDEB COUNTIES op ENGLAND akd SCOTLAND, 

AKD THE WABM AND BHELTEBED SITUATIONS IN OTHEB 

PABT8 OP SCOTLAND. 

1. SUMMEB AND AuTUMN ApPLES. 



Dessebt. 
Bess Pool 
Cellini 

DeTonshire Quarrenden 
Early JuUen 
Federal Pearmain 
Golden Monday 
Greenup's Pippin 
Grey Leadington 
Irish Peach 
Kerry Pippin 
Margaret 
Nonesuch 
Oslin 

BaTclston Pippin 
Bed Astrachan 



Bed Ingestrie 



Sir Walter Blackett's 
Summer Pearmain 
Summer Strawberry 
White Paradise 
Whorle 

Wormsley Pippin 
Yellow Ingestrie 

Kitchek. 
Carlisle Codlin 
Dutch Codlin 
Hawthomden 
Keswick Codlin 
Manks Codlin 
Nelson Codlin 
Springroye Codlin 



2. Winter Apples. 
Those marked * require a wall. 



Dessebt. 
*Adams* Pearmain 
^Barcelona Pearmain 

Bess Pool 
^Braddick's Nonpareil 

Court of Wick • 
♦Downton Pippin 



*Golden Pippin 
*Gx>lden Busset 
♦Margil 
♦Nonpareil 
♦Pearson's Plate 
♦Pennington's Seedling 
♦Bibston Pippin 



34 



IPFLXa. 



'Scarlet Nonpareil Dumelow's Seedling 

►Sturmer Pippin French Crab 

Sykehouse Busset Boyal Bushel; 

Wyken Pippin Eymer 

Tower of Glammis 

KiTCHEV. Winter Pearmain 

Bedfordshire Foundling Winter Strawberry 

Brabant BeUefleur Yorkshire Gireening 



IV. NOBTHEBN PABTS OF SCOTLAND, 

AND OTHBB EXPOSED SITITATIONfl IN ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND. 

1. SUMMEE AND AUTUMN ApPLES. 
Those marJced * require a wall. 
Dessert. Summer Strawberry 

DeTonshire Quarrenden Ejtchbn. 

Early Julien Carlisle Codlin 

Kerry Pippin Hawthornden 

Nonesuch Keswick Codlin 

*Bayel8ton Pippin Manks Codlin 

2. Winter Apples. 

Dessert. Kitghbit. 

♦G-olden Busset French Crab 

Grey Leadington Tower of Glammis 

♦Margil Yorkshire Greening 

Winter Strawberry 



V. FOB ESPALIEBS, OB DWABFS. 

These succeed well when grafted on the Paradise or Doucin stock $ 
and, from their small habit of growth, are well adapted for 
that mode of culture. 

Adams* Pearmain Claygate Pearmain 

American Mother Apple Cockle Pippin 

Ashmead's Kernel Coe's Golden Drop 

Borovitski Cornish Gilliflower 

Joston Busset Court of Wick 

Braddick's Nonpareil Court-pondu Plat 

Cellini Cox's Qi-ange Pippin 

Christie's Pippin Downton Pippin 



APPWJS. 



35 



Dutch Mignonna 
Esrlj Hwrrest 
Earljr JuUen 
Early Nonpareil 
Franklin's Golden Fippin 
Golden Harvey 
Gt)lden PipfUi 
Golden Eeinettt 
Golden gaiffrt 
Hawthomden 
Holbert's Victoria 
Hubbard's Fearmaisi 
Hughes' Golden Pippin 
Irish Peach 
Isle of Wighi; Pippiii 
Joanneting 
Kcddleston Pippin 
Kerry Pipf^ 
Keswick Codlin 
Lamb Abbey Pearmain 
Lucombe's Pine 
Maclean's Favourite 
Manks Codlin 
Manniugton's Pearmain 



Margaret 
Margil 
Melon Apple 
Nanny 
Nonesuch 
Nonpareil • 
Oslm 

Pearson's Plato 
Pennington's Seedliflg 
Pine Apple Russet 
Pinner Seedling 
Pitmaston "Non^^sQ. 
Bed Ingestrio 
Keiuette Van "Hfim 
Ross Nonpareil 
Busset Table P<»rP3#io 
Sam Young 
SoMil^t Hfjoapateii 
Scarlet Pea.'main 
Sturmer Pippin 
Summer Golden Pippin 
Summer Pearmain 
Sykehouse Busset 
Yellow Ingestrie 



VI. FOR ORCHARD PLANTING AS STANDARDS. 

These are generally strong-growing or productive varieties, ih& 
fruit of which being mostly of a largo size, or showy appear- 
ance, they are, on that account, well adapted for orchard 
planting, to supply the markets. 



Alfriston 

Barcelona Pearmain 
Beauty of Kent 
Bedfordshire Foundling 
Bess Pool 
Blenheim Pippin 
Brabant Belleiieur 
Brownlees' Russet 
Cellini 

Cox's Pomona 
Devonshire Quarrenden 
Duchess of Oldenborgh 
Dumelow's Seedling 
Dutch Codlin 



Emperor Alexander 
English Codlin 
Fearn's Pippin 
Flower of Kent 
Forge 

French Crab 
Gloiia Mundi 
Golden Noble 
Golden Winter Pearmain 
Gooseberry Apple 
Hambledon Deux Ans 
Hanwell Souring 
Harvey Apple 
Hoary Morning 



36 



▲FFLE9. 



Hollandbary 

Kentish Fill Basket 

Kerry Pippin 

Keswick Godlin 

Lemon Pippin 

Lewis' Incomparable 

London Pippin 

Longvilles' Kernel 

Manks Godlin 

Margaret 

M^re de Manage 

Minchall Crab 

Minier's Dumpling 

Nelson Godlin 

Norfolk Bearer 

Norfolk Beefing 

Northern Greening 

Beinette Blanche d'Espagne 



Beinelte du Canada 
Bhode Island Greening 
Bound Winter Nonesuoll 
Boyal.Fearmain 
Boyal Busset 
Bymer 

Small's Admirable 
Striped Beefing 
Toker's Incomparable 
Tower of Glammis 
Winter Godlin 
Winter Colman 
Winter Mf^etin 
Winter Pearmain 
Winter Quoining 
Wormsley Pippin 
Wyken Pippin 
Yorkshire Greening 



37 



APRICOTS. 

SYNOPSIS OF APRICOTS. 

I. KERNELS BITTER. 

* BacJc of the stone impei^ious, 

A. Freestones, Shipley's 

Jrussels ^^^^ Masculine 
Large Early 

Pine Apple ^-. 

Ked Masculine ^' Clingstones. 

Boman Black 

Royal Montgaract 

St. Ambroiso Portugal 

** Back of the stone pervious '^^\ 

Alsace Mooi'park 

Hemskerk Peach 

Large Red Viard 

II. KERNELS SWEET. 

A. Freestones. Turkey 

Angoumois Provence 
Breda 
Kaisha =• CJUf^stones. 

MuBch Musch Orange 



Alberge de Montgamet. See Montgamet. 

D'Alexandrie. See Musch Miisch, 

Alsace. — This is a variety of the Moorpark, and is of 
a very large size, with a rich and juicjr flavour ; and the 
tree, unlike the others of the race, is vigorous and hardy, 
and does not die off in branches, as the Moorpark does. 

J Amande Aveline. See Breda, 

\l) The bony substance at the back of the stone is pervious by v 
passage, through which a pin may be passed ft-om one end to tlve ^^^Jdax* 



38 APBKtOXS. 

Angoumois (Violet; Anjou; Rouge), — Small, oval, flat- 
tened at the apex, and marked on one side with a shallow 
suture, the sides of which are raised. 6kin clear, deep 
yellow on the shaded side, but dark rusty brown on the 
side next the sun. Flesh deep orange, juicy, and melt- 
ing, separating from the stone ; rich, sugary, and briskly 
flavoured ; but, when highly ripened, charged with a fine 
aroma. Back of the stone impervious. Kernel sweet. 
End of July. 

Ananas. See Pine Apple, 

Anjou. See Angoumois, 

Anson's. See MoorparJc. 

Aveline. See Breda. 

Black {Noir ; Purple). —^Ahout the size and shape of 
a small Orleans plum, to which it bears some resemblance. 
Skin of a deep black-purple colour next the sun, but 
paler on the shaded side, and covered with delicate down. 
Flesh pale red, but darker near the stone ; juicy, but 
tasteless and insipid, and quite worthless to eat. Stono 
small, impervious on the back. Kernel bitter. Bipe iu 
the beginning of August. 

Blanc. See WJiite Masculine, 

Blenheim. See Shipley s, 

Bbeda (Aveline; Amande Aveline), — Hather small, 
roundish, compressed on the sides, and sometimes entirely 
four-sided. Skin deep orange, dotted with brown spots 
next the sun. Suture well defined. Flesh deep orange, 
rich, highly flavoured, and free. Stone small, roundish, 
impervious on the back. Kernel sweet, with the flavour 
of a hazel-nut. End of August. 

Brussels. — Medium sized, rather oval, flattened on 
the sides. Skin pale yellow, dotted with white j red, In- 
terspersed with dark spots, next the sun. Suture deep 
next the stalk, diminishing towards the anex. Fleeh 
yellow, firm, brisk flavoured, and free, otone smaU, 
impervious on the back. Kernel bitter. The best to 
cultivate as a standard. Middle of August. 

Common. See Roman, 
Crott^. See Montgamet, 
Dunmore's. See 3toorpark, 
jSarly Orange. See Portugal. 



APBICOT& 80 

Oroi d'Alexandrie. See Lttrge JBarly. 

Gro8 Comnmn. See JEtoman, 

Oros !PSche. See Peach. 

. Gtou Pr^ooe. See Jjorge Earhf. 

Gros IU>uge« See Lforge Med. 

HsicsEBRK. — ^Eatker larse, roimd, flatteaea on the 
sides. Skin orange, reddisn next the sun.. Satore dis- 
tinct, higher on one side than the other. Flesh bright 
orange, tender, rich, and juicy, separating from the stone. 
Stone small, perrious on the back. Kernel bitter. This 
very much resembles^ and, aooordine to aome, equals, the 
Moorpark. The tree is certainly harmer than that Tariety. 
End of July and beginning of August. 

Hunt's Moorpark. See Moorpofrh, 

KiiSHA. — Medium sized, roundish, markod with a 
suture, which is deep towards the stalk, and gradually 
diminishes towards iiie apex, which is pitted. Skin pale* 
lemon coloured on the shaded side, and tinged and mottled 
with red next the sun. Flesh transparent, separating 
freely from the stone, clear pale yellow, tender, and 
very juicy, sugary, and richly flavoured. Stone small, 
roundish. Kernd «weet. Middle of August. 

Labob Early {Prieoce d*E9perens Oro9 PrScoce ; 
Oros d'Alexandrie; De 8t, Jean; PrSeece d*Songrie), 
-^Above the medium size, rather oblong, and flattened 
on the sides. Skin pale orange on the shaded side ; 
bright orange, and spotted with i^Dd, next l^e sun ; slightly 
downy. Suture deep. Flesh deep orange, rich, juicy, 
separating from the stone, which is very flat, oval, sharp 
»t the point, and impervious on the back. Kernel bitter. 
End of July and beginning of August. 

IiAEGB Ebd (Ghros Mouge), — This is a variety of the 
Peach apricot, and of a deeper colour than that variety. 
It is large, and of a deep orange-red colour. The fl^sh 
ii rich and juicy, and separates freely from the stone. 
Stone pervious along the back. Kernel bitter. ^ The tree 
is said, by Mr. Rivers, who introduced this variety, to be 
hardier than the Moorpark. 

MoiTTGAMBT (OroitS j Atherg9 da Montgamet^.^^Oi 
small size, oval^ somewhat compressed <m the sides, and 
marked with a shallow suture. Skin pale yeUow, with, 
a slight tinge t>f red on ^k» side next tbe «qsu E\stfi3BL 



. 40 APEIC0T8. 

yellowish, firm, adhering to the stone, luicy, and agree- 
ably acid ; but when well ripened it is highly perfumed. 
Stone impervious, roundish. Kernel bitter. Eipe in the 
end of Jiuy ; and generally used for preserving. 

MooBFABE {Anson* s; Dunmore's; Sunfs Moorparh ; 
OldaJcer 8 MoorparJc s Sudlow*s MoorparJc; Temple s).-^ 
Large, roundish, more swollen on one side of the suture 
than the other. Skin pale yellow on the shaded side, and 
deep orange, or brownish red, next the sun, and marked 
with dark specks. Flesh bright orange, firm, juicy, and 
of rich luscious flavour ; separating from the stone, which 
is rough and pervious on the back. Kernel bitter. End 
of August and beginning of September. 

Mtjsch Musch (D* Alexandrie), — Small, almost round, 
and slightly compressed. Skin deep yellow ; orange red 
next the sun. Flesh yellow, remarkably transparent, 
tender, melting, and the sweetest of all apricots. Stone 
impervious. Kernel sweet. Excellent for preserving. 
E-ipe in the end of July. 

De Nancy. See Teach, 

Noir, See Black, 

Oldaker's Moorpark. See Moorparh, 

Peach {JPiche; Ghros jPeches JDe Nancy; De Wtrtem" 
hero; Boyal Feach). — Large, oval, and flattened, marked 
with a deep suture at the base, which gradually diminishes 
towards the apex. Skin pale yellow on the shaded side, 
and a slight tinge of red next the sun. Flesh reddish 
yellow, very delicate, juicy, and sugary, with a rich and 
somewhat musky flavour. Stone lar^e, flat, rugged, and 

Servious along the back. Kernel bitter. This is quite 
istinct from the Moorpark, now cultivated under that 
name ; and is, doubtless, the parent of all the varieties so 
called. It may always be distinguished from the Moor- 

Eark by nurserymen ; for, while the Moorpark may be 
udded freely on the common plum stock, the Peach 
apricot will only take on the Muscle stock. Eipe the 
end of August and beginning of September. 

Pdche. See Peach. 

Pine Apple (Ananas), — ^Large, roundish, and flattened, 
and marked with a rather shallow suture. Skin thin and 
delicate, of a deep golden yellow on the shaded side, but 
with a highly-coloured red cheek where exposed to the 



▲PEIC0T8. 41 

ion, and speckled with large and small red specks. The 
flesh is readish yellow, tender, but somewhat firm ; never 
becomes mealy, bnt is juicy, and with a rich pine-apple 
flavour. Stone oval and three-ribbed, and impervious 
along the back. !Cemel bitter. Eipens in the middle of 
August. 

Portugal (Early Orange), — ^Very small, resembling, 
in shape and size, the Bed Masculine. It is round, and 
divided on one side by a deep suture. Skin pale yellow on 
the shaded side, and deep yellow, tinged with red, and 
marked with brown and red russet spots on the side next 
the sun. Flesh deep yellow, tender, meltiag, with a rich 
sugary and musky flavour ; adhering somewhat to the 
stone. Stone almost round, impervious along the back. 
Xernel bitter. Eipe in the beginning and middle of 
August. 

Pr^coce d'Esperen. See Large Early, 

Pr^coce d'Hongrie. See Large Early, 

Purple. See Blanch, 

Eed Masculine. — Small, roundish. Skin bright yel- 
low on the shaded side ; deep orange, spotted with dark 
red, next the sun. Suture well defined. Flesh yellow, 
juic;^, and musky. Stone thick, obtuse at the ends, im- 
pervious along the back. Kernel bitter. July. 

BoMAK (Common). — ^Above medium size, oblong, sides 
compressed. Skin pale yellow, with rarely a tew red 
spots next the sun. Suture scarcely perceptible. Flesh 
dull yellow, soft, and dry, separating from the stone, and 
possessing a sweet and agreeable acid juice, that makes 
it desirable for preserving. Stone oblong, impervious. 
Kernel bitter. Middle of August. 

Kouge. See Angoumois. 

EoYAL. — Large, oval, and slightly compressed. Skin 
dull yellow, tinged with red where exposed. Suture 
shallow. Flesh pale orange, firm, juicy, nch, and vinous, 
separating from the stone. Stone large and oval, im- 
pervious. Kernel bitter. An excellent apricot, and little 
inferior to the Moorpark. Beginning of August. 

BoYAL Oeange. — ^Above medium size, roundish, one 
side swelling more than the other. Skin pale orange in 
the shade ; deep orange, tinged with red, next the sun. 
Suture well defined, deep towards the stalk. FLe«k ds^^^ 



42 inticoTs. 

ovsnge, firm, and acEherin^ to the stone, wHcli is small, 
smooth, thick, and impervious. Kernel tweet. Middle 
of August. 

IBoyal Peach. See Peach 

St. Ambeoise. — This is a large, early apricot, tilmost 
the size of the Moorpark. It is compressed, of a deep 
yellow colour, reddish next the sun. Flesh iuicy, rich, 
and sugary. Bipe the middle of August. The tree is 
said to be very vigorous, healthy, and a good bearer, 

De St. Jean. See Large Early, 

Shipley's (Blenheim). — Large, oval. Skin deep yellow. 
Hesh yellow, tolerably rich and juicy. Stone roundish, 
and impervious. Kernel bitter, very productive and 
early, but not so rich as the Moorpark. End of July 
and beginning of August. 

Sudlow's Moorpark See MborparJa. 

Tardive d'Oeleans. — This is a late variety, ripening 
a fortnight after the Moorpark. 

Temple's See McorparJb, 

TiTEKEY. — Medium size, nearly round, not compressed. 
Skin deep yellow; brownish orange next the sun, and 
ffpotted. Mesh pale yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, and plea- 
santly sub-acid, separating from the stone. Stone large, 
ragged, and impervious. Kernel sweet. Middle of 
August. 

YiABD. — This, according to Mr. E-ivers, is an early 
variety of the Peach apricot, with rich, juicy flesh. The 
tree is hardy. 

Violet. See Angoum^is, 

White Masculine (Blanche)' — Small, round, and 
somewhat compressed at both ends. Skin covered with 
a fine white down; pale yellow, tinged with brownish 
red, next the sun, and dull white in the shade. Flesh 
^ale yellow, adhering in some degree to the stone ; fine 
and delicate, juicy, sugary, and excellent. Kernel bitter. 
Bipe the end of July. 

De Wirtemberg* See Beach. 



▲PBICOTS. 43 

LIST OF SELECT APEICOTS. 
I. FOR THE SOUTHERN COUNTIES OF ENGLAND 

EXTENDING AS FAB VOSTH IB !FH< BITEB TRENT. 

Hemskeric Peach 

Kaisha Pine Apple 

Large Early Bojal 

Large Red Sb^ley's 

Moorpark Tu^cy 

For Standards. 

Breda Moorpark 

Brussels Turk^ 



It FOR THE NORTHERN COUNTIES OF ENGLAND, 

ZXTSNDINa FBOH THE TBENT TO THS TTVB. 

^reda Red Masculine 

Brussels Roman 

Hemskerk Royal Orange 

Moorpark Shipley's 



III. BORDER COUNTIES or ENGLAND and SCOTLAND, 

AND OTHEB PAV0T7BABLE BITTTATIONS IN SCOTIAND. 

Breda Red Masculine 

Brussels Roman 

Hemskerk Royal Orange 



IV* VARIETIES BEST ADAPTED FOR PRESERVING. 

Xaisha Peach 

Moorpark Roman 

Musch Muflch Turkey 



u 



BERBERRIES. 

Bebbbbbies, though not cultivated to any extent, ma 
be enumerated amon^ the British fruits. The Common 
Bebbebby is found wild in hedgerows, and is also some- 
times grown in shrubberies, both as an ornamental plant, 
and for its fruit, which is preserved in sugar, for use in 
the dessert. The best variety to cultivate for that pur^ 
pose is the following, but it is difficult to be obtained 
true. 

Stoneless Bebbebby. — A variety of the Common Ber- 
berry, without seeds. This character is not assumed 
till the shrub has become aged ; for young suckers, taken 
from an old plant of the true variety, very frequently, and 
indeed generally, produce fertile fruit during the early 
years of their growth j it is, therefore, necessary to be 
assured that the plants were taken from an a^ed stock, 
in which the stoneless character had been manifested, to 
be certain that the variety is correct. 




i6 



CHERRIES. 

SYNOPSIS OF CH£RBJL£S, 

In the following arrangement I have endeavoured to oUuMifr 
all those yarieties of ch^ries that are most nearly allied to each 
other, for the purpose of facilitating their identification. 

All the vaneties of cultivated cherries will he found to consist 
of eight races, into which I have arranged them : — I. The sweet, 
heart-sliaped cherries, with tender and dark-coloured flesh, I have 
called Black-Geans. II. The pale-coloured, sweet cherries, with 
tender, light yellow, and translucent flesh and skin, I have distin- 
guished by the name of Ambeb-Geanb, as at once expressive of 
their character. III. Here we have the dark-coloured, sweet 
cherries, with somewhat of the Bigarreau character. Their flesh 
is not so firm and crackling as th&t of the Bigarreaus, but con- 
siderably harder than in the Black Geans, and these I propose to 
call Heabts. IY. Includes the BiGABBSArs, properly so called, 
with light-coloured mottled skin, and hard, crackling flesh. 
V. These are called Dukes, as they include all those so well 
known under that name. YI. Embraces all those nearly aUied 
to the Dukes, but with pale-red skin, translucent skin and flesh, 
and uncolouied juice ; they are, therefore, distinguished as Bed* 
Dukes. YII. Includes all those, the trees of which have long, 
slender, and pendent shoots, and dark-coloured fruit, with 
acid, coloured juice, and appropriately termed Mobellos; 
and YIII. I have called Kentish, as it includes all those 
pale-red, acid varieties, of which the Kentish cherry is the 
type. 

The advantages of such an arrangement and nomenclature are, 
that they not only facilitate identification, but assist description 
and interchange of ideas. If, for instance, a new cherry is in« 
troduced, and it is said to belong to the Bed-Dukes, we know at 
once that it has some affinity with those familiar varieties Belle 
de Choisy and Carnation ; or if it be a Morello, we know it is a 
dark-fleshed, acid cheny ; while if we are told it is a Kentish, 
then we know it is a pale-fleshed, acid variety} and so with all 
the other divisions. 

I. OEAKS. 

Branches rigid and spreading, forming round-headed trees. 
Leaves long, waved on the margin, thin and flaccid, and feebly 
supported on the footstalks. Flowers large, and opening loosely^ 



46 CH£SK1ES. 

•with thin, flimsy, obovate, or rouudish-ovate, petals. Fruit lieart- 
ehapedj or nearly so. Juice sweet. 

§ JFVtti^ ohtuse heart-shaped. Flesh tender and melting, 
* Flesh dark; juice coloured. — Black-Geans. 

Baumann's May Knight's Early Black 

Black Eagle Luke Ward's 

Early Purple Geau Osceola 

Hogg's Black Gean Waterloo 

Joc-o-tot Werder's Early Black 

♦* Flesh pale; juice uncohured, — Ambeb-Geans. 

Amber Gean Hogg's Bed Gean 

American Doctor Manning's Mottled 

Belle d'Orl^ans Ohio Beauty 

Delicate Sparhawk's Honey 

Downer's Late Transparent Gean 
Early Amber 

§§ Fruit heart-shaped. Flesh half -tender tfirm^ or cr adding, 

* Flesh darks juice coloured, — Heabts. 

Black Hawk Monstrous Heart 

Black BCeart Ox-Heart 

Black Tartarian Fontiac 

Brant Fowhattan 

Biittner's Black Heart Tecumseh 

Corone Tradescant's Heart 
Logan 

** Flesh pale ; juice tmcoloured, — Bigaebeaus. 

Adams' Crown Florence 

Belle Agathe Governor Wood 

Bigarreau Kennicott 

Bigarreau de Hildesheim Lady Southampton's 

Bigarreau de Hollande Late Bigarreau 

Bigarreau Napoleon Mammoth 

Bowyer's Early Heai*t Mary 

Biittner^B Yellow Bed Jacket 

Cleveland Bigarreau Bockport Bigarreau 

Downton Tardive de Mans 

Gascoigne's Heart Tobacco-Leaved 

Harrison's ^eart White Heart 

Early Prolific White Tartarian 
Elton 

II. GBIOTTES. 

Branches either upright, spreading, or more or less long, 
•lender, and drooping. Leaves flat, &k gceen, glabrous under- 



CHSXBIX8. 47 

neath, and borne stiffly on the leafstalks ; large and broad in §, 
find small and narrow in §§. Flowers in pedunculate umbels, 
cap-shaped, with Arm, stiff, and crumpled orbicular petals. Fruit 
round or oblate, sometimes, as in the Morello, inclining to heart- 
■shaped. Juice sub-acid or acid. 

§ Branches upright, occasionally spreading. Leaves large 

and broad, 

* Mesh dark : jmce coloured, — ^Ditkes. 

Archduke JeffVeys' Duko 

Biittner's October May Duke 

Duchesse de Palluaa Boyal Duke 

Griotte de Chaux De SoiAsona 



Flesh pale ; juice uncolojired* — ^Eed-Dukes, 
Belle de Choisy 0reat Cornelian 

B^^iaqua EeineHortenBe 

Coe's Late Carnation I^ate Duko 

§§ Branches long, slender, and dwoping. Leaves small 

and narrow, 

* Flesh dark ; Juice coloured, — ^Mosbllos. 
Double Natte Ostheim 

Early May Hatafla 

Griotte de Kleparow Zf ,, „ 

Morelk) Shannon Moreilo 

** Flesh pale ; juice uncoloured, — ^Kentish. 

All Saints Ghros Gobet 

Cluster Kentish 

Flemish Paramdam 



Adams' Ceown.— Medium sized, obtuse heart -shaped, 
and slightly compressed on one side. Skin pale red, 
mottled with yellow. Stalk two inches long. Flesh 
white, tender, juicy, and richly flavoured. An excellent 
bearer, and a first-rate early clierry. Beginning of July, 

All Saints* (Autumn-hearing Cluster; De St. Martin; 
Toussaint). —^raall and oblate. Skin red, becoming dark 
red as it hangs on the tree. Stalk two inches long. Flesh 
white, reddisn next the stone, juicy, and acid. This is 
generally grown as an ornamental tree. 



48 CHEBBIES. 

Amarelle du Nord. See Baiqfia, 

Ambeb Gean. — Below medium size, generally in 
triplets; obtuse heart-shaped. Skin thin and trans- 
parent, pale yellow, or amber, tinged with delicate red. 
Stalk slender, an inch and a half long. Flesh white, 
tender, and juicy, with a rich, sweet, and delicious flavour. 
Beginning of August. 

Amber Heart. See White HearU 

Ambr^e. See Belle de Choisy, 

Amebicak Ahbeb (Bloodgood's Anther; Bloodgood^s 
Jffoney), — Medium sized, growing in clusters ; roundish, 
inclining to heart-shaped. Skin thin and shining, clear 
yellow, mottled with bright red. Stalk an inch end a 
naif long. Flesh amber coloured. Beginning of July. 

Amebican Doctob (TJie Doctor), — Medium sized, ob- 
tuse heart-shaped. Skin clear yellow, washed with red. 
Stalk an inch and a half long. Flesh yellowish white, 
tender, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. End of June. 
I have named this ** American Doctor ** to distinguish it 
from the German " Doktorkirsche/* 

Anglaise Tardive. See Late Bulce. 

Angleterre Hative. See May Duke, 

Ansell's Fine Black. See Black Seart, 

Abchduke. — ^Larger than May Duke, obtuse heart- 
shaped, with a deeply-marked suture at the apex, diminish- 
ing towards the stalk, and very slishtly fitted at the apex. 
Skin thin, pale red at flrst, but becommg dark red, and 
ultimately almost black. Stalk very slender, an inch and 
a half to two inches long. Flesh deep red, very tender 
and juicy, sweet, and briskly flavoured ; but sugary when 
highly ripened. Middle and end of July, fiee some- 
what pendulous when old. 

D'Aremberg. See Beine Hortense. 

Armstrong's Bigarreau. See Bigarreau ae Hollande, 

Baramdam. See Baramdam. 

Baumann's May (Bigarreau de Mais Trempee PrS- 
coce), — Medium sizea, ovate, inclining to cordate, and 
irregular in its shajje. Skin of a fine dark-red colour, 
changing to deep, shining black. Stalk about two inches 
long. Flesh purple, tender, juicy, and excellent. Bipe 
the middle of June. 



CHEBBISS. 49 

Belcher's Black. See Corone^ 

Belle Agathe. — Small, produced in clusters ; heart- 
sliaped. Skin dark crimson, with minute yellow mottles 
over it. Stalk an inch and a half to an mch and three 
quarters long. Flesh yellowish, firm, sweet, and very 
nicely flavoured. This is a small Bigarreau, which hangs 
on the tree as late as the first week in October ; and 
neither birds nor wasps touch it. 

Belle Audigeoise. See Eeine HorteMe. 

Belle de Bavay. See Beine Hortense* 

Belle de Chatenay. See Belle Magnifigue* 

Belle de Choisy (AmbrSe; Dauphines Doucette; De 
Talemhre), — Large and round. Skin very thin and 
transparent, showing the texture of the fiesh beneath ; 
amber coloured, mottled with yellowish red, or rich cor- 
nelian, next the sun. Stalk an inch and a half to two 
inches long, rather stout, swollen at the upper end. Flesh 
amber coloured, melting, tender, rich, sugary and de- 
licious. Early in July. 

Belle de Laeken. See Reine Sortense. 

Belle Maonifique {Belle de Chatenay; Belle d& 
Sceaitx; Belle de Spa; I>e Spa), — Very large, roundish- 
oblate, inclining to heart-shaped. Skin clear bright red. 
Stalk an inch to an inch and a half long. Flesh yellowish, 
tender, and sub-acid. Middle and end of August. 

Belle d*Osleaks. — Medium sized, roundish, inclining 
to heart-shaped. ^ Skin pale yellowish white in the shade, 
but of a thin bright red uext the sun. Flesh yellowish 
white, tender, juicy, and rich. Beginning and middle of 
June. One of the earliest and richest of cnerries. 

Belle de Petit Brie. See BetTie Jffortense, 

Belle Polonaise. See Griotte de Kleparoto 

Belle de Prapeau. See Beine Sortense, 

Belle de Sceaux. See Belle Magnifique. 

Belle de Spa. See Belle Magnijtgue. 

Belle Supreme. See Seine Sortense, 

BiaABBEAU ( GraMon). — ^Large, and obtuse heart-shaped, 
flattened at the stalk. Skin whitish yellow, marbled with 
deep bright red next the sun. Stalk stout, two inches 



50 CHEBBIES. 

long, deeply inserted. Flesh pale yellow, firm, ricH, and 
.laighly flavoured. Stone large and round. End of Jtdy. 

Bigarreau G-aboiiltais. See Monstroiis Heart. 

Bigarreau Gros Cosuret. See Monstrous Meari, 

Bigwrem. O/wob Monstmeiuc. See Mcmstrous Me&rf, 

BigWrtwau Grosr IToir. See Tradescanfs Heart, 

BiGAEEEAU DE HiLDESHEiM (Bigarveat^ Tardif de 
JffildesJieim), — ^Medmin sized, heart-shaped, flattened on 
one side. Skin jhining, pale yellow, marbled with red 
on one side, but dark red on the other. Stalk two in<$lies 
long. Flesh yellow, very firm, not particularly juicy, 
but with aai etcelleat sweet fl'avour. Eipe the end of 
August and beginning of September. An excellent late 
cherry. 

BiGAEEEAU DE HoLLANDE (Spotted Bigarveau ; Arm^ 
stronis Bigarreau). — Very large, regularly and hand- 
somely heart-shaped. Skin pale yellow on the shaded 
side, but of a lielit red, marbled with bright crimson, on 
the side exposed to the sun. Stalk an inch and a half 
long, stout, inserted a little on one side of the fruit. Flesh 
pale yellowish white, juicy, and sweet, with an agreea/ble 
piquancy. Stone small for the size of the fruit. Middle 
of July. 

Bigarreau Jaboulais. See Menstrot^ Heart, 

Bigarreau Lauermann. See Bigarreau NapolSon, 

Bigarreau de Lyons. See Monstrous Heart. 

Bigarreau de Mai. See Baumanns May, 

Bigarreau Monstrueux de Mezel. See Monstrous Heart, 

Bigarreau Monstrueux. See Monstrous Heart, 

BiGABBEAU Napoleok (Bioarreau Lauermann) , — Large, 
and oblong heart-shaped. Skin pale yellow, spotted with 
deep red, mai*bled with fine deep crimson next the sun. 
StaUc stout and short, set in ^ narrow cavity. Flesh very 
firm, juicy, and of excellent flavour. An abundant bearer. 
July and Augusft. 

Bigarreau Tardtf de Hildesheim. See Bigarreau de 
Hildesheim, 

Black Bud of Buckinghamshire. See Corone» 

Black Caroon. See Corone, 

Black Circassian. See Black Tartarian, 



BftACK ]!A«Mi.-^Mec[iiim sized, olyttwe Jb^trt-slmped, 

.^otmemed at both ends. Skin deeppur)>le; when ripe 

neany black. Stalk an inch and a halt long, and slender. 

Flesh deep purple, tender, very rich, and juicy. Se^^n- 

sing of July, 

Black Haws. — Large, ohtose heart-shaped, tineTen in 
ilt outline, and compressed on the sides. Skin deep, 
shining, blaekish-pur^e. Stalk about an^ inch and a half 
long. Flenh dark pur^e, tolerably firm, rich, and sweet. 
Middle a^/i end otJmy, 

Black Hba&t (AnselVa Fine Mack; Marly Blach; 
Lacure ; Spanish Black Heart), — Above xnemum size, 
heart-shaped, rather irregular, compressed at the apex. 
Skin dark purple ; deep black Trh'en quite ripe. StalK an 
inch and a hsuf long, slender. Flesh half tender, rich, 
juiey, and sweet. Early in July. 

Black Morello. See Mbrello, 

Black Orleans. See Cor one. 

Black Russian. See BlacJc Tartarian, 

Black Tabtabiak (Black Circassian ; Black Bttsstan; 
J^aser 8 Black s M<malds* Black j Skeppard's Seedling). 
•—Large, obtuse heart-shaped ; surface irregular and un- 
even. Skin deep black. Stalk an inch and a half long. 
Flesh purplish, juicy, half tender, and rich. Stone small, 
roundish oval. Succeeds well against a wall, when it is 
ready by the end of June. 

Bleeding Heart. See Gascoigne*s Seaft, 

Bloodgood's Amber. See American Amhef. 

Bloodgood's Honey. See American Amber. 

Bouquet Amarelle. See Cluster, 

Bowyee's Eably Hbaet. — ^Bather below medium size, 
obtuse heart-shaped. Skin amber coloured, mottled with 
red. Fleah white, very tender, juicy, and sweet. A good 
bearer, and an excellent early cherry.. End of June. 

Brant. — Large, roundish-heart-shaped, and uneveti. 
Skin deep dark red. Stalk an inch and a half long, set 
in an angular cavity. Flesh dark purplish-red, half 
tender, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. Beginning of 
July. 

Brune de Bruxelles. See Batc^, 

Bullock's Heart. See OxSearU 



^2 . GHBBBISff^ 

Buttkeb's Black Hbabt.— Larger thuxi ihe common 
Black Heart ; Leart-slinped, and flattened on one side. 
Skin glossy, deep blackish-purple. Stalk an inch and a 
iialf long. Flesh half tender, juicy^ dark red, and with 
a particularly pleasant flavour. A ffuperior variety to 
the common JBlack Heart Eipe in the middle of July. 

BtTTTKBB*8 OcTOBEB MoBBixo. — Large,, round, and 
somewhat oblate, and indented at the apex. Skin thin, 
and of a reddish-brown colour. Stalk slender, two inches 
long. Flesh light red, reticulated with whjtish veins, 
juicy, and with a pleasant sub-acid flavour. This is an 
excellent culinary cherry, and ripens in October. 

Buttneb's YELtow. — About medium size, roundish- 
ovate. Skin entirely yellow, becoming a pale-amber 
colour when highly ripened. Stalk an inch and a half 
long. Flesh firm, yellow, sweet, and very nicely flavoured. 
The best yellow cherry there is. The birds do not touch 
it. Middle of July, and hangs till the end of August. 

Cabnation (Nouvelle d* Angleterre ; De Villenne ; 
Itougepdle; Wax Cherry), — ^Large, round, and flattened, 
inclining to oblate. Skin thin, light red at first, but 
changing to a deeper colour as it hangs ; pale yellow, or 
amber, where shaded. Stalk an inch and a half longr and 
stout. Flesh pale yellow, rather firmer than in Dukes 
generally, juicy, and with a fine, brisk, sub-acid flavour, 
becoming richer the longer it hangs. Bipe in the end of 
July and beginning of Augusts 

Cerise a Bouquet. See Cluster, 

Cherry Duke ofDuhamel, See Jeffreyi Dulse, 

Cleveland Bigabbeau (Cleveland), — Large, obtuse 
heart-shaped, sometimes with a swelling on one side near 
the stalk. Skin pale yellow, with bright red next the 
sun, and mottled with crimson. Stalk two inches long., 
Flesh yellowish white, half tender, juicy, sweet, and 
richly flavoured. Bipe the third or last week in June 
and early in July. 

Clustsb {Cerise ^ Bouquet; Bouquet Amarelle: 
Flanders Cherry), — Small, produced m a cluster of two, 
three, four, or five together at the end of one common 
stalk. Skin thin, at first of pale red, but changing to 
darker red the longer it hangs. Flesh white, tender, and 
jnicy, very acid at first, but becoming milder as it hangs 
on the tree. Bipe froQi the middle to the end of July. 



CHSBBXBS, - 53 

OoE*8 Latb Cabitation. — Medium sized, roundish. 
Bkin reddish yellow, clouded and mottled with bright 
red.^ Stalk two inches long. Flesh tender, juicy, with 
a brisk sub-acid flavour, becoming mellowed the longer it 
han^s. Eipe from the middle to the end of August, and 
continues to hang ^ September. 

Coeur de Pigeon. See Monstrous Heart, 
Common Bed. See Kentish, 

CoBOVE (Belcher* s Black; Black Bud of Buckingham' 
shire; Black Corone; Black Orleans; Herefordshire 
Black), — Small, roundish-heart-shaped. Skin deep black- 
ish-purple. Stalk two inches long, inserted in a deep, 
narrow cavity. Flesh dark purple, very firm, juicy, and 
sweet. Kipe in the end of July and beginning of August, 

Pauphine. See Belle de Choisy, 

Delicatb. — ^Large, roundish, and flattened. Skin thin 
and translucent, fine rich amber coloured, quite covered 
with mottling of crimson. Stalk two inches long. Flesh 
pale yellow, translucent, tender, juicy, sweet, and with a 
rich, delicious flavour. A very excellent cherry. Eipe in 
the middle of July. 

Doctor. See American Doctor, 
Donna Maria. See Boyal Duke. 
Double Glass. See Gfreat Cornelian. 

DouBLB Nattb. — ^Bather large, roundish, a little com- 
pressed, and inclining to ovate. Skin dark brown, or 
brownish black. Stalk slender, sometimes nearly three 
inches long, and bearing leaves. Flesh very red, tender, 
and very juicy, with a orisk, sprightly aciaity. Bipe in 
tJie beguming and middle of July. 

Doucette. See Belle de Choisy. 

Dowkbb's Latb. — ^Fruit produced in large bnfiches, 
medium sized, obtuse heart-shaped. Skin of a delicate 
clear red on the exposed side, but paler and mottled with 
pale yellow where shaded. Stalk an inch and a half lon^. 
Flesh pale, tender, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. 
Bipe the middle and end of August. 

DowNTON. — Large, roundish-heart-shaped, much com- 
pressed, nearly round. Skin pale yellow, stained with 
Ted dots, semi-transparent, marbled with dark red next 
tbe stuu Stalk im inch and a half long, slender. JB'lesh 



64 csBMMm, 

yellowish, wiiJiOut wj stain of red« temler, 4elielo««ly 
and riciily flavoured, adhering slightly to the stooc^ 
Bipens in the middle and end oif July. 

Dredge's Early White. See White Seari. 

DucHBssB DE PALLUATj.-^Very large, oblate, and pitted 
at the apex. Skin thin, of a brilliant red colour, becom- 
ing dark red as it ripens. Sts^k mi ineh and a half long. 
Flesh very tender and juiey, with ft brisk and agreeable 
acidulous flavour ; ji^e coloured* A very flne cherry, 
Sipe in the end of July. 

Duke. See Ma^ Dwke» 

Dutch Morello. See Morelto. 

Eaelt AiiSEB (JSarly Amber JSJeart: Itivers J^irl^ 
Amber Heart). — Above medium size, heart-shaped. Skin 
pale amber, with a flush of red next the sun. Stalk two 
mches long. Flesh paLe yellow, juiey, sweet, and richly 
flavoured. Beginning of July. 

Early Black. See Black HeaH. 

Early Duke. See May J}uJce, 

Eaely May {Small May; Indulle; Nain Pricoce),-^ 
Small, round, slightly flattened. Skin lively light red. 
Stalk an inch loog, slender, deeply set. Flesh soft, juicy, 
and acid. Middle of June. 

Early May Duke. See May Duke. 

Eaiily Prolific. — Above medium size, obtuse-heart- 
shaped. Skin pale amber, mottled with crimson. Stalk 
two inches long. Flesh tolerably firm, juicy, rich, sweet,^ 
and delicious. End of June. 

Eakly Pueple G-ean {Early Purple GrioUes Crerman 
May Duke), — Large, obtuse heart-shaped, slightly flat- 
tened on one side. Skin shining, daark purple, almost 
black. Stalk slender, from two to two ana a Wf inches 
long. Flesh dark purple, tendor, and very juicy, with 
a very sweet and rich flavour. iliUpo \% the middJLe of 
June. 

Early Purple Griotte. ^& Eetrly Pi»rfle Gean. 

Early Eichmond. See Kentish. 

Elkhom. See Tradescant*9 Heart 

Elton. — Large, and heart-shaped. Skin thin, pale 
yellow in the shada, but nottlad ami steeaked with bright 



CBSSBiBS. 86 

red next the buo. Stalk two inclies long, slender. Fleali 
hall tender, juicj, very rick and luscious. Early in July. 

Flanders. See Cluster, 

Flemish.— Pomologists have fallen into great mistakes 
with regard to this cherry, particularly those who make 
it synonymoua with Gros Gobet; others think it the 
same as the Kentish. The latter is nearer the truth ; but 
the Kentish and Flemish are decidedly different. The 
fruit of the two could not be distinguished the one from 
the other ; but the trees of the Flemish are less drooping 
than those of the Kentish, and the fruit is smaller, and 
about eight or ten days later. Anyone who examines 
the two varieties as they are grown in the Kentish 
orchards will see at once tnat the varieties are different. 

Flobencb (Knevetfs Late Bigarreau), — Large and 
obtuse heart-shaped. Skin pale amber, marbled with 
red, and mottled with bright red where exposed. Stalk 
two inches long, slender, deeply set Flesh yellowish, 
firm, very juicy, sweet, and rich. Beginnii^ and middle 
of August. 

Four-to-the-Pound. See Tobacco- Leaved, 
Fraser's Black Tartarian. See JBlaek Tartariaru 
Fraser's White Tartarian. See White Tartarian. 
Fraser's White Transparent. See White Tartarian* 

Gascoionb's Heabt {Bleeding Heart; Herefordshire 
Heart; Red Heart), -^AhoYe medium size, heart-shaped, 
broad at the stalk, and terminating at the apex in an 
acute, swollen point. Skin entirely covered with bright 
red. Stalk two inches long, slender. Flesh yellowish 
white, half-tender, juicy, and sweet. Beginning and 
middle of July. 

German May Ihjke. Bee Early Purple Gean, 
G^bet a Courte Queue. See Oros Gobet. 
GoYSRVOB Woop. — Large, obtuse heart-shaded. fSkia 
pale yellow, washed adOkd mottled with bright red. Stalk 
an ineh and a hajf long. Flesh h&IS't&adsT, juicy, »weet^ 
luad rery riehly flavouied. Beginning of Jufy. 

Oraffion. See Bigarreau. 

Great Cornelian (Double Glass), — ^Very large, oblate, 
marked on one side with a v^y deep suture, which quite 
divides tibt te^*, Skki thin and tranfiluoent« at &:L«^^t 



W CHEBBIBS. 

a liglit red, but becoming darker as it ripens. Stalk an 
inch and a half long. Flesh yellowish, tender, very juicy, 
with a fine sub-acid, vmous, and rich flavour. Beginning 
of July. 

Griotte de Chaux. — ^Large, roundish-oblate. Skin 
dark red, and shining. Stalk two inches long, and slender. 
Flesh dark, tender, melting, and very juicy, with a brisk 
sub-acid flavour. End of July . 

G-RIOTTE DE Klepjlrow (Belle Polonaise), — Medium 
sized, roundish-oblate. Skin dark red. Stalk two inches 
long. Flesh dark, tender, and juicy, with a rich, sweet, 
and sub-acid flavour. End of July. 

GaiOTTE DE Portugal — This is by some considered 
synonymous with the Archduke. It certainly bears a 

-considerable resemblance to it in the size, form, and colour, 
of the fruit ; but I have not yet had an opportunity of 
comparing trees of equal age, and growing under the same 
circumstances. I am, however, inclined to believe that 

Hhey will prove to be, if not reaUy identical, at least very 
similar. 

Gros CoBuret. See Monstrous Meart, 

Gros Gobet {Montmorenay ; Montmorency a Courie 
Queue). — Medium sized, oblate, marked on one side with 
a very deep suture, which forms quite a cleft at the stalk. 
Skin smooth and shining, of a fine clear red, but becom- 
ing darker as it ripens. Stalk very short and thick, half 
-an inch to an inch long. Flesh wmte, tender, very juicy, 
and brisklj^ acid ; but when it hangs long it is agreeably 
flavoured. Middle and end of July. This has been, 
very incorrectly, made synonymous with the Flemish, 
and even with the Kentish. 

Grosse de Wagnelee. See Heine Hortense. 

Guigne Noire Tardive. See Tradescanfs Heart, 

Habbison's Hbabt (White Bigarreau). —Yery iargc, 
distinctly heart-shaped, and uneven in its outline. Skin 
at first of a yellowisli white, but becoming all over mottled 
with red. . Stalk an inch and a half lon^. Flesh firm, but 
less so than the Bigarreau, rich, and deliciously fiavoured. 
Middle and end of July. 

Herefordshire Black. See Coronet 

Herefordshire Heart See Gascoigne^t Reart. 



CHBBBIE9. 57 

Hogg's Black G-ean. — Medium sized, obtuse heart- 
sliaped. Skin black and shining. Stalk an inch and a 
halt long. Flesh dark, very tender, richly flavoured, and 
very sweet. Beginning of July. 

Hogg's Bed Gean. — Medium sized, roundish, inclining 
to heart-shaped. Skin red, freckled with amber yellow. 
Stalk an inch and a half long. Flesh yellowish, very 
tender and juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. Beginning 
of July. 

Hybrid de Laeken. See JReine Hortense, 

Indulle. See Early May. 

Jeffreys' Duke (Cherry Duke of Duhamel; Jeffreys* 
!Royal; Roy ale). — Medium sized, round, and a little 
flattened, produced upon stalks of about an inch lone, 
which are united in clusters on one common peduncle 
half an inch lon^. Skin deep red, changing to black as 
it attains maturity. Flesh red, firm, very juicy, rich, and 
highly flavoured. The juice is quite sweet, and not acid, 
like the May Duke. Bipe the beginning and middle of 
July. 

Joc-o-soT. — Large and handsome, somewhat obtusely 
heart-shaped, compressed on the sides, and deeply in- 
dented at the apex. Skin shining, of a deep brownish- 
black colour. Stalk two inches long. Flesh dark brownish- 
red, tender, juicy, rich, and sweet. Middle of July. 

Kennicott. — Large, roundish-heart-shaped, and com- 
pressed on the sides. Skin of a fine amber yellow, con- 
siderably mottled with deep glossy red. Flesh yellowish 
white, firm, juicy, rich, and sweet. Beginning and middle 
of August. 

Kentish {Common Red; Early Richmond; Pie Cherry; 
Sussex; Virginian May). — Memum sized, round. Skin 
bright red. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, stout, 
deeply set, and adhering so firmly to the stone, that the 
latter may be drawn out. Flesh acid. For kitchen pur- 
poses. Middle and end of July, 

Kirtland's Mammoth. See Mammoth, 

Kirtland's Mary. See Mary. 

Knevett's Late Bigarreau. See Florence, 

Knight's Eably Black. — Large, and obtuse heart- 
shaped, irregular, and uneven. Skin black. BtdiSs. \isr<^ 



68 CHXSJMSS. 

inches long, deeply inserted. Flesh pnrple, tender, juicy, 
and richly flavaared. End of Jvine and begiuning of 
July. 

Lacure. See Black Heart, 

JjADY Southampton's. — Tbis is a medium sraed, yellow, 
heart-shaped cherry, of the Bigarreau elass, with firm* 
but not juicy, flesh. It is notr v«ry little cultivated, and 
is but a worthless yariety. £nd o£ July and beginning 
of August. 

Large Black Bigarreau. See I^adeseanf^ Heart. 

Late Bioabbeau. — Large, obtuse heart-shaped, and 
uneven in its outline^ broadly and de^v ind^ated at the 
apex. Skin of a fine rich yellow, with a bright red cheek, 
which sometimes extends over the whole surface. Stalk 
an inch and a half long. Flesh yellowish, considerably 
firm, sweet, and agreeably fiavonred. Middle of Aui^ust* 
Tree very productive. 

Late Duke (An^laise Tardive), — Large, obtusely heart* 
shaped, and somewhat compressed. Skin shining, of a 
fine bright red, which becomes darker as it ripens. Stalk 
one inch and a half to two inches long. Flesh pale yellow, 
tender, juicy, and richly flavoured. Beginning and 
middle of August. 

Late MoreUo. Bee Mordlo. 

Lemercier. See Meine Hortense. There is a Lemercier 
grown by Mr. Bivers which is later than Beine Hortense, 
and, before it is quite ripe, considerably more acid than 
that variely. The tree has also a more rigid and upright 
growth, like the Dukes ; but H is evidently a seminal 
variety of Beine Hortense, and, being a better bearer, is, 
perhaps, the preferable kind to grow of that admirable 
cherry. 

Lion's Heart. See Ox Heart. 

LooAN. — Above medium size, obtuse heart-shaped. 
Skin deep blackish-purple. Stalk an inch and a half Ions. 
Flesh brownish-red, almost firm, juicy, sweet, and richfy 
flavoured. Middle and end of July. The tree blooms 
late. 

Louis XVm, See Heine Hortense. 

Luke Wabd's (Luhewards), — Medium sized, obtuse 
heart-shaped. Skin dark brownish-cad, becoming almost 



hlmk M it ripens. Stalk about tiro i&clies liMr. Fkah 
hidf-tender,aark purple, juiey, iweet, and riMj Safoured. 
End of July ana begiuuiag of Auguat. Superior to ^ 
Black Heart and the Corona. 

Mammoth {Kirtland*9 Mammoth). — ^Yenr large, often 
an inch and an eighth in diameter ; obtuse heart-shaped. 
Skin clear yellow, flushed and marbled with red. Stalk 
an inch and a quarter long. Flesh half-tender, juicy, 
sweety and very richly flavoured. Middle aad end of 
July. This is a magniflcent cherry. 

Mannijig's Mottled. — Above medium aize, obtua^ 
Jjieart^shaped, and flattened on one side. Skin ambtf 
coloured, flnely mottled, and flushed with red, somewhat 
translucent and shining. Stalk slender, two inches lone. 
JFlesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet, and richly flavour^. 
Middle of July. 

Marcelin. See Momirous Seart^ 

Maey (Kirtland's Mary). — Large, roundish-heart- 
shaped, and handsome. Skin very much mottled with 
deep, rich red on a yellow ground, and, when much ex- 
posed to the sun, almost entirely of a rich glossy red. 
Stalk from one inch and a half to two inches long. Flesh 

Sale yellow, firm, rich, and juicy, with a sweet and high 
avour. Middle and end of July. This is a very beauti- 
ful and very fine cherry. 

May Duke {Duke; Early DuJce} Early May DuTce ; 
Analeterre Sdtive ; Royale Hdtive). — Large, roundish, 
inclining to oblate. Skin at first of a red-cornelian 
colour, but gradually becoming dark red, and ultimately 
almost black, as it ripens. Stalk about an inch and a 
half long. Flesh red, tender, juicy, and richly flavoured, 
with a flne, subdued acidulous smack. Beginning of July. 

De Meruer. See Reine Sortense. 

Merveille de HoUande. See Seine Hortense. 

Merveille de Septembre. See Tardifse de Mans, 

Milan. See MoreUo. 

MoNSTBOtrs 'KiEM:RT{Biaarreau Grros CcBuret s Bigarretm 
Jdboulais s Bigarreau Cfaboulais; Bigarreau de LyoTU; 
Bigarreau Ghros Monstrueux ; Bigarreau Monstrueux de 
I/&xels Marcelin; Ghros Cceuret; Ward's Bigarreau). — 
Very large, obtuse heart-shaped. Skin at first yellowish, 
jbiai^ a^ aireakad with red* but changiiig to sl dft^-<^<» 



60 CHBBBIE8. 

shining red, and anproaching to black the longer it liangs. 
Stalk one inch ana a half to two inches long, stout. Flesh 

Surplish, firm, and juicy, with a rich and excellent flavour. 
Upe the middle and end of July. 

Monstmeuse de Bavay, See Seine Hortense, 

Monstrueuse de Jodoigne. See Meine Hortense, 

Montmorency. See Oros Gohet, 

Montmorency a Courte Queue, See Gros Gohet. 

MosELLO (BlacJe Morello ; Dutch Morello ; Late 
Mbrello; Ronalds* Large Morello; Milan), — Large, 
roundish, inclining to heart-sha^. Skin dark red, be- 
coiain^ almost black the longer it hangs. Stalk an inch 
and a half to two inches loiig. Flesh purplish red, tender, 
juicy, and pleasantly sub-acid. Used for culinary pur- 
poses. July and August. 

Morestein. See Seine Hortense. 

Nam Pr^coce. See Early May, 

Nouvelle d'Angleterre. See Carnation. 

Ohio Beauty. — Large, obtuse heart-shaped. Skin 

Eale yellow, overspread with red. Flesh pale, tender, 
risk, and juicy. Beginning of July. 

Osceola.— Above medium size, heart-shaped, and with 
a deep suture on one side. Skin dark purplish-red, 
almost black. Stalk about two inches long. Flesh liver 
coloured, tender, very juicy, rich, and sweet. Middle 
and end of July. 

OsTHEiH. — ^Large, roundish-oblate, compressed on one 
side. Skin red, changing to very dark red as it ripens. 
Stalk an inch and a half to two inches long. Flesh dark 
red, tender, and juicy, with a pleasant, sweet, and sub- 
acid flavour. An excellent preserving cherry, not so acid 
as the Morello. End of July. 

Ounce Cherry. See Tolacco-Leaved, 

Ox 'Sj&kS.'s {BullA)ch*8 Heart; Lion* s Heart), — ^Large, 
obtuse heart-shaped, flattened on one side. Skin shining, 
dark purplish-red. Stalk two inches long. Flesh some- 
what firm, dark red, with a brisk and pleasant flavour, 
which is considerably richer when the fruit is highly 
ripened. End of July. 

Pabampax {Baramdam). — Small and roimd, not quite 



0HSBBIB8. Bi 

half an inch in diameter. Skin pale red. Stalk an inch 
lon^. Flesh pale, tender, with an a|2;reeable and lively 
aci£ty. End of July. The tree is of very diminutive 
growth ; one in my possession, not less than 100 years 
old, bein^ little more than seven feet high, and the stem 
not so thick as a man's arm. 

De Palembre* See Belle de Choisy, 
Pie Cherry. See Kentish, 

PoNTiAC. — Large, obtuse heart-shaped, compressed on 
the sides. Skin dark purplish-red, nearly black. Stalk 
an inch and a half to two inches long. Flesh purplish 
red, half-tender, juicy, sweet, and agreeable. The latter 
end of July. 

PowHATTAN. — Mcdium sized, roxmdish-heart-shaped, 
compressed on the sides, uneven in its outline. Skin 
brownish red and glossy. Stalk two inches long. Flesh 
rich purplish-red, half-tender, juicy, sweet, but not highly 
flavoured. End of July. 

Quatre a la Livre. See Tobacco-Leaved, 

Batafia (Brune de Bruxelles). — Medium sized, round, 
and a little flattened at both ends. Skin dark brown, 
nearly black, and very shining. Stalk an inch and a half 
to two inches long. Flesh dark red, tender, and juicy, 
with a brisk acid flavour, which becomes subdued the 
longer it hangs on the tree. August. 

£>ed Heart. See Gascoigne*s Heart. 

Beine Hoetense (D'Arembergi Belle Audigeoise s 
Belle de Bavay; Belle de LaeJcen; Belle de Brapeau; 
Belle de Petit irie ; Belle Suprime ; Ghrosse de WagneUe ; 
Hybrid de Laehen ; Louis XVIIL ; Lemercier ; De 
Meruer; Merveille de Hollande; Monstrueuse de Bavay ; 
Mbnstrueuse de Jodoigne ; Mbresteim Bouvroy ; Seize a 
la Livre), — Very large, one inch and one-twelfth long 
and an inch wide, oblong, and compressed on the sides. 
Skin very thin and translucent, at first pale red, but 
assuming a bright cornelian red, and changing to dark 
brilliant red the longer it hangs. Stalk very slender, 
about two inches long. Flesh yellow, netted, very tender, 
and verv juicy, with a sweet and agreeably acidulous 
juice. Middle of July. 

Bed Jacket. — Large, heart-shaped. Skin amber, 
covered with pale red, out when folly exposed entirely 



oorered with bri^t red. Stalk two inelies loog, slender. 
Flesh half-tender, juicy, and of good, but not h^, flavoor. 
Beginning and middle of August. Yaluable for its lateneiB. 

Brvers* Early Amber Heart. See JBlarly Amber, 

BocKFOBT BiaABREAU. — Large, obtuse heart-shaped, 
uneven in its outline, and with a swelling on one side. 
Skin pale amber, corered with brilliant deep red, mottled 
and dotted with carmine. Stalk aft in^/h to an inch and 
» half long. Flesh yellowish white, firm, juicy, sweet, 
and richly flavoured. Beginning and middle of July. 

Bonalds* Black. See Black Tartarian, 

Bonalds* Large Morello. See Mbrello. 

Brouge Pale. See Carnation, 

Bouvroy. See Reine Sortense, 

BoYAL Duke (Donna Maria), — Large, oblate, and 
liandsomely shaped. Skin deep, shining red, but never 
becoming black, like the May I>uke. Stalk an inch and 
a half long. Fle»h reddish, tender, juicy, and richly 
flavoured. Middle of July. 

Boyale. See Jeffreys' JhiJce, 

Boyale Hfi,tive. See May DuJce, 

St. Margaret's. See Tradescanfs Keart, 

Seize a la Livre. See Meine Hortense. 

Shannon Morello.— Above medium size, round, and 
flattened at the stalk. Skin dark purplish red. Stalk 
long and slender. Flesh tender, reddish purple, juicy, 
and acid. August. 

Sheppard's Bedford Prolific. See Black Tartarian, 

Small May. See JSarly May, 

Be Soissons. — Medium sized, roundish, inclining to 
heart-shaped, and somewhat fiattened at the apex. Skin 
dark red. Stalk not more than an inch long. Flesh 
red, tender, and juicy, with a brisk and pleasant sub- 
acid flavour. A good cherry for culinary purposes. 
Bipe in the middle and end of July. 

Spanish Heart. See Black BCeart, 

Spaehawk*8 Honey (SparrowhawFsSoney). — Medium 
sized, obtuse heart-shar^, and very regular in shape. 
Skin thin, of a beautiful, ^ossy, pale amber, becoming a 



CHXS8IX9* 03 

lively red when fully ripe, and somewhat transJncent. 
StalK of moderate length, rather slender. Flesh pale, 
juicy, and sweet. Middle of July. 

Spotted Bigtfrreau. See Bigurreau de Hollande. 

Ssssez. See Kentish, 

Tardive d» Mans (Merveille de SepUmhre). — Small, 
evate, flattened at the stalk. Skin smooth and shining, 
dear red in the shade, and mottled with purplish r«l 
where exposed. Fl^sh firm, sweet, juicy, and nicely 
flavoured. This, like Belle Agsthe, hangs very late, but 
it is not so large nor so good as that variety. 

TficuMSEH. — ^Above medium size, obtuse heart-shaned, 
flattened on one side. Skin reddish purple, or dark 
brownish-red, mottled with red. Flesh reddish purple, 
half-tender, very juicy and sweet, but not highly fla« 
voured. Middle and end of August. Valuable as a late 
variety. 

Tobacco-Leaved (Four-io-tlie- Pound ; Ounce Cherry i 
Quatre a la Livre). — Eather below medium size, heart- 
shaped, and somewhat flattened on one side, and termi- 
nating at the apex in a curved fleshy point. Skin thin, 
pale amber, mottled and spotted with red. Stalk slender, 
two inches long. Flesh pale-amber coloured, Arm, juicy, 
and with a sweet, rich flavour. Beginning of August. 
Leaves nearly a foot long. 

Tbadescakt's "Elelwi {ElkJiom ; St. Margarets; Large 
JBlcteh Bigarreau ; Bigarreau Gros Noir ; Guigne Noire 
Tardive). — Of the largest size, obtuse heart-shaped, in- 
dented and uneven on its surface,, and consideraoly flat- 
tened next the stalk ; on one side marked with the suture. 
Skin at first dark red, but changing when fully ripe to 
dark blackish-purple. Stalk slender, an inch and a half 
to an inch and three quarters long. Flesh dark purple, 
adhering firmly to the stone, firm, sweet, and briskly 
sub-acid. End of July and beginning of August. 

Teanspaeent Gean. — Small, regularly heart-shaped. 
Skin thin, transparent, and shining, pale yellow, and 
finely mottled with clear red. Stalk two mches long, 
slender. Flesh pale, tender, and juicy, with a sweet and 
somewhat piquant flavour. Middle and end of July. 

Tremp^e Pr^coce. See Baumann!s May, 
De Villenne. See Carnation, 



64 CHEBSIES. 

Virginian May, See Kentish. 

Ward's Bigarreau. See Monstrous Heart. 

Wateeloo. — Large, obtuse lieart-sliaped, depressed 
at the apex, and flattened on one side. Skin very dark 
reddish-purple, ahnost black, and covered with minute 
pale dots. Stalk an inch and a half long, very slender. 
Elesh light reddish-jjurple, but dark purple next the stone; 
tender and juicy, with a sweet and rather rich flayour. 
End of June and beginning of July. 

Wax Cherry. See Carnation* 

Weedbb's Eably Black. — Very lar^e, obtuse heart- 
shaped, with a deep suture on one side. Skin tough, 
shhiing, deep black-purple. Stalk short and stout, about 
an inch and a half long. Flesh purplish red, tender, very 
juicy, and with a very sweet and rich flavour. Middle 
and end of June. 

West's White Heart. See Bigarreau* 

White Bigarreau. See SarrisorCs Heart, 

White Heaet (Amber Heart ; Dredges Early White i 
White Transparent), — ^Above medium size, oblong heart- 
shaped. Skin whitish yellow, tinged with dull red next 
the sun. Stalk two inches long, slender, set in a wide 
cavity. Flesh half-tender, sweet, and pleasant. Stone 
large. End of July. 

White Taetaeian (Fraser's White Tartarian), — 
Medium sized, obtuse heart-shaped. Skin pale yellow. 
Stalk two inches long, slender. Flesh whitish yellow, 
half-tender, and sweet. Early in July. 

White Transparent. See White Heart. 



LIST OF SELECT CHEEEIES, 

ABBANGED ACCOBDIKa TO THEIB OBDEB OP BIFEKIKa. 

I. FOR GARDENS. 

These all succeed well in the open ground, or as espaliers ; 
and those for dessert use are all worthy of being grown against 



0HBBBIE8. 



63 



a "wall, when they are much impioyed both in quality and 
earlinesa. 

For Dessert Use. 



JUIOi. 

Belle d'Orleans 
Early Purple Gcan 
Baumann's May 
Early P^olific 
Werder's Early Black 
Bowyer's Early Heart 

JULY. 

Knight's Early Black 
Black Tartarian 
Waterloo 
Governor Wood 
Belle de Choisy 
Hay Duke 
Jeffireys' Duke 
Cleveland Bigarreau 
Bockport Bigarreau 
Black Eagle 
Elton 
Osceola 



Boyal Duke 

Delicate 

Duchcsse de PaUuau 

Monstrous Heart 

Joc-o-sot 

Mammoth 

Mary 

Bigarreau 

AUGUST, 

Late Duke 
Florence 
Kennicott 
Bed Jacket 
Tecumseli 

8EFTEMBEB. 

Coe's Late Carnation 
Buttner's Yellow 
Bigarreau de Hildesheim 
BeUe Agathe 



For KUehen Use. 



Kentish 
Griotte de Chaux 



Belle Magnifiqud 
Morello 



n. FOB ORCHARDS. 

These being vigorous-growing and hardy varieties, and all, in 
Yarious degrees, abundant bearers, are well adapted for orchard 
planting. 



Early ProUfic 
Knight's Early Black 
Black Tartarian 
Adams* Crown 
May Duke 
Elton 

BhickHawk 
Biittner's Black Hearfc 
Hogg's Black Gean 
Hogg's Red Gean 



Kentish 
Mammoth 
Mary 
Bigarreau 
Amber Gtean 
Late Duke 
Kennicott 
Red Jacket 
Tecumseh 
Belle Agathe 



H 



e6 



CHESTNUTS. 

Ws can hardly call the chestnut a British fruit. It is true, 
that in some situations in the southern counties it ripens fruit, 
hut that is generally so very inferior to what is imported from 
Spain and the South of France, that no one would think of 
planting the chestnut. for its fruit 'ftlone. It is as a tknher tree 
that it is so highly valued in this country. 

The following are the varieties that succeed hest; hut it is 
only in hot summers that they attain much excellence: — 

Devonshieb Peolific (New Prolific). — This is bv far 
the most abundant bearer, and ripens more thoroughly a 
general crop than any other. 

DowNTON {Knighfs Proliiic). — This is distinguished 
by the very short spines on the husks, and is not so pro- 
lific as the preceding. 




«7 



CRABS. 

.Thxse are groivn xnainlj for ornament. Their fruit, being 
generally very highly or delieat^y coloured, contribute to the 
decoration of shrubberies iu the autumn ; while their flowers make 
.them gay with blossoms in the spring. But there are some of 
the varieties which, besides being ornamental, are also very useful 
lor preserving. Of tliese, the following are the most esteemed : — 

Chebby Cbab (Cherry Apples Scarlet Siberian)."^ 
Very small, the size and coloi ? of a cherry, roundish 
oblong, flat at the ends, of a bright shining scarlet colour, 
with tne appearance as if it haid been varnished. Stalk 
very long and slender. Eye small. Flesh crisp, with a. 
fine agreeable acidity. Used for preserving. September 
and October. 

EoYAL Chablotte. — Medium sized, ovate. Skin of a 
delicate waxen yellow, tinged with red all over, but 
covered with a dark red cheek next the sun. Eye with 
long, pointed segments, and moderately sunk. Stalk 
slender, an inch long. Flesh white, very tender, with 
a fine, agreeable acidity. September and October. 

SiBBBiAN (Yelloto Siberian). — Small, conical. Skin 
:«^axen yellow in the shade, and streaked with red next 
'the sun. Eye large and protruding, closed. Flesh 
briskly acid. September and October. 

Tbanspabent. — Below medium size, oblate. Skin 
yellowish white, and waxen-like. Eye with very long 
and spreading segments, sunk. Stalk long and slender. 
Flesh translucent, opaline, with a brisk and agreeable 
acidity. October. 




68 



CRANBERRIES. 

THOiraH these cannot be grown so generally as the other kinds 
of fruits, there are some who, having devoted their attention to 
the subject, have succeeded in forming artificial swamps where 
cranberries have been cultivated with great success. Wherever 
there is a command, and a plentiful supply of running water, 
with abundance of peat soil, no difficulty need be experienced in 
growing cranberries. The two species most worth cultivating 
are the English and the American. 

English (Oir^cocctt«^a?fw^m). — ^This grows abnndantl^jr 
in bogs, or swamps, in many parts of England. The fruit 
is the size of a pea, and the skin pale red ; they have a 
somewhat acrid flavour and a strong acidity. 

Amebic AN (Oxy coccus macrocarpus), — Of this there are 
three varieties : — 

1. CTierry Cranherry, is large, round, and of a dark re*' 
colour, resembling a small cherry. 

2. Bugle Cranberry, so called from the shape being 
like a bugle bead, long, and approaching an oval. Skin 
pale, and not so deep a crimson as the other varieties. 

3. Bell Cranberry, is bell-shaped, or turbinate, and of 
a dark coral red. This is a very large variety, and is a 
great favourite with American growers. 




C9 



CURRANTS. 

Black Grape. See Ogdens Black. 

Black Naples (New Black). — Bunches short, but pro* 
duced in great abuudance. Berries larger than any other 
variety, frequently measuring about three quarters of an 
inch in diameter. Milder and sweeter than any other 
black currant, and the best of all the black varieties. 

Cerise. See Cherry, 

Champagne {PheasanVs JEves Couleur de Chair)* — 
Bunches of medium length. Berries medium sized, pale 
pink, or flesh coloured, with darker red veins j more acid 
than Bed Dutch. 

Chbeey {Cerise), — Bunches short. Berries very large, 
of a deep red colour ; more acid than Red Dutch. This 
is the largest red currant, and comes in early. 

Common Black. — This is very much inferior to Black 
Naples and Ogden's Black, ana not worth cultivation, 
the bunches and berries being inferior in size to both 
of those varieties. 

Couleur de Chair. See Chajnpagne, 

Goliath. See Baby Castle, 

Houghton Castle. See Baby Castle, 

Jeeves* White. See White Dutch, 

Knight's Eably Red. — The chief merit this variety is 
supposed to possess, is its greater earliness than the Red 
Dutch ; but the slight advantage it has in this* is lost by 
its inferiority in other respects. 

Knight's Laege Red. — Bunches larjge and long. 
Berries large, bright red. Does not diner materially 
from Red Dutch. 

Knight's Sweet Red. — Bunches of medium size. 
Berries large, paler in colour than Red Dutch, and less 
acid ; but not so sweet as White Dutch. 

La Fertile. — This variety I have not seen ; but, ac- 
cording to Mr. Rivers, it is a large red currant, and '' a 
most prodigious bearer." 



70 CUBBfANTS. 

La Hative. — This is a new variety, and, like the 
preceding, of foreign origin ; but I have had no op- 
portunity of examining it. Mr. Rivers states, in lus 
catalogue, that it is "a very early red currant, and 
excellent." 

LoNG-BUNCHED B-ED (Wtlmofs Long-hunched Med) . — 
Bunches very long, sometimes- measuring six inches 
and a half. Berries large, and of a deep red colour. 
A decided improvement on Bed Dutch, and difier»- 
also in being somewhat later. It is not unlike Eaby 
Castle. 

May's Victoria. See Baby Castle. 

Morgan's White. See White Dutch. 

New Black. See Black Naples, 

New White Dutch. Sfee White Dutch. 

Ogden's Black (Black Grape). — This is not so large 
as Black Naples, but consideraWy better in every respect 
than the Common Black. The bush is hardier than that* 
of Black Naples. 

Pheasant's Eye. See Champagne. 

Baby Castle {Houghton Castles May's Victoria; Vic- 
toria; Goliath). — Bunches longer than those of Bed 
Dutch ; berries larger, and of a brighter red, but 
rather more acid. It is an abundant bearer, and the 
fruit ripens later, and hangs longer, than any other 
currant. 

Bed Dutch (Large Bed Dutch ; New Bed Dutch ; Bed 
(rrope).— Bunches from two to three inches long. Berries 
large, deep red, with a subdued acidity. Superior in 
every respect to the old Common Bed, which is unworthy 
of' cultivation. 

Bed Grape. See Bed Dutch. 

White Crystal. See White Dutch. 

White Dutch (New White Dutch; Jeeves' White; 
Morgans White; White Crystal; White Leghorn; 
White Gi^ape). — The bunches and berries are of the same 
size as the Bed Dutch ; but the berries are of a yellowish 
white, and the skin somewhat transparent. Tne fruit ii^ 
'^'Wp' much sweeter, and more agreeable to eat, than the 
B«d variety. It is, therelbre, preferred in the dessert, and 
for wine-making. 



^l- -r- 



CUBBiNTS. 



71 



White Grape. See Wliite Dutch, 

White Leghorn. See White Dutch, 

Wihnot's Long-bunched Bed. See Long-hunched JBed. 



LIST OF SELECT CUEEANTS. 



BLAOKk. 

Black Naples 
Ogden's Black 

B£D. 

Cherry 
Knight*8liarg^H^: 



Long-buncfaed "EM' 
Baby Caatl» 
Bed Dutch 



WHITE. 

White Dutch 







' !«H 



»- -■.■•-. 



FICS. 

SYNOPSIS OF FIGS. 
I. FBUIT BOUND, BOUNDISH, OB TUBBINATE. 

§ Skin dark. Flesh red. 

Black Bouijassotte Early Violet 

Black Genoa Malta 

Black iBchia Pregussata 
Brown Ischia 

§§ Skin pale • 

* Flesh red. 

Large White Genoa White Ischia 

Sayantine Yellow Ischia 

White Bouijassotte 

** Flesh white, 

Ang^lique Marseilles 

Earlj White Bahj Castle 

II. FBUIT LONG, FYBIFOBM, OB OBOYATB. 

§ Skin dark. Flesh red. 

Black Provence Brunswick 

Bordeaux Peau dure 

Brown Turkey Yiolette Grosse 



ANoiLiQUE (MSlittei Madeleine; Coucourelle Blanche). 
—Below medium size, about two inches long and an inch 
and three quarters broad ; obovate. Skin vellow, dotted 
with long greenish- white specks. Flesh wnite xmder the 
skin, but tinged with red towards the centre. Wben 
well ripened, the fruit is of good quality, and perfumed. 
It requires artificial heat to bring it to perfection, and 
forces well. 

Ashridge Forcing. See 'Broton Turkey. 



i 



FIG8, 73 

D'Ath^nes. See Marseilles, 

Aubique Violette. See Bordeaux. 

Aubiquon. See Bordeaux, 

Aulique. See Violette Grrosse. 

Barnissotte. See BlacJc Bourjassotte. 

Bayswater. See Brunswick. 

De Bellegarde. See Black Bourjassotte, 

Black Bouejassotte {Pr^coce Noire; Barnissotte s De 
Bellegarde). — Large, roundish. Skin dark purple. Flesh 
red at the centre, and of good quality ; but requires heat 
to bring it to perfection. September. Tree an abundant 
bearer. 

Black Genoa {Nigra; Negro d'Espagne; Noire de 
Languedoc). — Large, oblong, broad towards the apex, 
and yerv slender towards the stalk. Skin dark purple, 
almost black, and covered with a thick blue oloom. 
Flesh yellowish under the skin, but red towards the 
interior, juicy, with a very sweet and rich flavour. End 
of August. Tree very hardy, and a good bearer. 

Black Ischia {Blue Ischia ; Early Forcing ; Monde 
Noire: Nero). — Medium sized, turbinate, flat at the top. 
Skin deep purple, almost black when ripe. Flesh deep 
red, sweet, and luscious. Tree hardy, and an excellent 
bearer ; succeeds well in pots. August. 

Black Marseilles. See Black Provence, 

Black Naples. See Brunswick, 

Black Peovence {Black Marseilles).— Below medium 
size, oblong. Skin dark brown. Flesh red, tender, very 
juicy, and richly flavoured. Tree bears abundantly, and 
IS well adapted for forcing. 

Blanche. See Marseilles. 

Blue. See Brown Turkey. 

Blue Burgundy. See Brown Turkey, 

Blue Ischia. See Black Ischia. 

BoBDEAUX {Violette; Violette Longue; Violette de 
Bordeaux; Aubiquon; Aubique Violette; Petite Aubique ; 
Mgue-Poire). — Large, pear-shaped, rounded at the head, 
and tapering, to a small point at the stalk. Skin deep 
Tiolet^ strewed with long green specks. Fledi red« ame«<&> 



.1 

% 



74 SVOS; 

and well flavoured. Only a seieond^ratift variety) and the 
tree is so tender, that it is apt to b& cat down, eveit.to the 
ground, by severe frosts. 

Bourjassotte Blanche. See White BourjassoUe, 

Bourjassotte Noire. See Black Bomjassotte* 

Brocket Hall. See White Ischia, 

Brown Hamburgh. See Brunswick, 

Bbown Ischia {Chestnut-coloured IscKia), — Medium 
sized; roundish-turbinate. Skin light brown, or cheatnut 
coloured. Eye very large. Flesh purple, swee^ and 
higlt-flavourea. Fruit apt to burst by too much" weti 
This is one of the best of figs, ripening in the beginning 
and middle of August. Tree an excellent bearer, pretty 
hardy; and beax&aa a. standard in favourable situations. 
Itt forces* well. 

Brown -Itaiiair. ^e»'Bro¥m J\i>rhey, 

Bfown I^aples. See Brown Tu/rhey. 

BttowN TuBEBT {Ashridge Forcing; Blue; Common 
Blue; BlueBurmmd^! Brown Italian s Brotonr Naples^ 
Long. Napless JSarlv.; Sowick ; Italian; Jerusalem; 
Barge Blue ; Lee's Phpetudl) MUrrey; Purple; Small 
Blue; Fl&ur Rouge; Walton)* — Large and gvriform: 
SHcin brownish red, covered with blue bloom. Fiesh red 
and very luscious. Tree very prolific, hardy, and one of 
the best for out-door culture, a? a standard; August and 
September. 

Brunswick {Bayswater; Blaeh Naples; BroumSiun- 
hurgdk; CUmeaUine; Sanover ; Madonna; Large White 
Turkey; Hose Blanche; JRose Beyronne; Peronne ; Rose; 
BSed). — ^Very large and pyriform, oblique at the apex, 
which* is very much depressed. Skin greenish yellow inr 
the shade ; violet brown on the other side. Flesh yellow 
under the skin, tinged with red toward* the centre. Very 
rich and excellent. Middle of August* The tree ia very 
hardy and an excell^it< bearer, and certainly the best for 
out-door cidtivation against walls. 

Chestnut-coloured Ischia. See Brovm Ischia, 

Crimentihe. See Brnnswick, 

C6mmon Piuple. Siee Broum Turkey, 

Cypnm Ste Yellow IscAicu 

Btwiy; Sk» Brown Turkeyi 



piGfl. TS 

Eaiiy Farple. See Blctck IscMa, 

Eaelt Violet: — Small, roundish. Skin browniih red, 
covered with blue bloom. Flesh red, and well flavoured. 
August. Tree hardy, and an abundant bearer; well 
adapted for pots and for forcing, when, aecording to Mr. 
Rivers, it bears three crops in one season. 

Eaely White (Small White ; Small Early W/tite),^ 
Ei'uit rouudish-turbinate, somewhat flattened at the apeg& 
Skin thin, pale yellowish white. Flesh white, aweet,.but 
not highly flavoured. August. 

Figue-Poire. See Bordeatix, 

Fleur Rouge. See Srovm ISirTcey, 

Ford's Seedling. See Marseilles, 

Hanover. See Brunswick. 

Ho wick. See Br ovm Turkey. 

Italian. See Brown Turkey, 

Jerusalem. See Brown Turkey, 

Large Blue. See Brown Turkey. 

Laegb White Genoa. — Large, roundish-turbinaite. 
Skin thin, of a pale yellowish colour, when fully ripe. 
Flesh red throughout, and of excellent flavour. End of 
August. This is a variety of flrst-rate excellence, but 
the tree is a bad bearer. 

Large White Turkey. See Brunstoick. 

Lee's Perpetual. See Broton Turkey. 

Long Naples. See Brown Turkey. 

Madeleine. See Angeliqtie. 

Madonna. See Brunswick. 

Malta. (Small Brown). — Small, roundish-turbinate, 
oompressed at the apex. Skin pale brown, when fvMj^ 
ripe. Flesh the same colour as the skin; very swee% 
and well flavoured. End of August. If allowed to h«ngi 
till it shrivels, it becomes quite a sweetmeat. 

Marseillaise. See Marseilles. 

JSlARsmLTjES (Ford* s Seedling- J JPocock^s; White Mar*^ 
seilles ; White Naples; White Standard; D'Ath^nes; 
Blanche; Marseillaise). — Medium sized, roundish-turbi- 
nate, slightly depressed, and ribbed. Skin yellowish 
white. Flesh white, very meltings andijuicy, with a^iioh^ 



76 FIGS. 

sugary flavour. Eipo in August. One of the best for 
forcing ; and also succeeds well in tlie open air against a 
wall. 

Murrey. See Brown Turkey,'. 

Negro d'Espagne. See Black Genoa, 

Nerii. See White Ischia. There is no &e; bearing 
this name distinct from White Ischia ; and the variety 
Mr. Xnight introduced under that designation was the 
same. By the name *' Nerii," is intended the "Nero,'* 
or Black Fig, of the Italians, and the variety Mr. Knight 
received under that name was evidently incorrect ; the 
true Fico Nero being the Black Ischia, and not the White 
Ischia. 

Nero. See Black Ischia, 

Noire de Languedoc. See Black Genoa. 

(EiL DE Peedeix.— Small. Skin yellowish, with a 
brownish tinge, having a small, bright red circle under 
the surface round the eye : hence the origin of the name. 
Flesh white, tinged with red, rich, and highly flavoured. 
Tree an abundant bearer. 

Peau Duee (Peldure; Verte Brune), — Medium sized, 
oblong ovate. Skin thick and tough, dark violet. Flesh 
purplish red, and well flavoured ; out, when over-ripe, it 
acquires a little acerbity. 

Peldure. See Beau Dure, 

Peronne. See Brunswick, 

Petite Aubique. See Bordeaux, 

Pocock*s. See Marseilles, 

Pr^coce Noire. See Black Bourjassotte, 

Peegussata. — Small, round, compressed at the ends. 
Skin purplish brown in the shade ; dark brown, covered 
with pale spots, next the sun. Flesh deep red, rich, and 
luscious. August to October. Well adapted for forcing. 

Purple. See Brovm Turkey, 

Easy Castle. — A variety closely resembling Mar- 
seilles, but distinguished from it by having a longer stalk. 

lied. See Brunswick, 

S/onde Noire. See Bla^k Ischia, 

Bose. See Brunswick, 



FIGS. 77 

Eose Beyroime. See Brunswick. 

"Rose Blanche. See Brunswick, 

Savantine {Cordellihre). — Fruit round, marked along 
its length with prominent nerves. Skin pale yellow. 
Flesh pale red. 

Singleton. See White Ischia. 

Small Blue. See Brown Turkey, 

Small Brown. See Malta, 

Small Early White. See Early White. 

Small White. See Early White, 

Verte Brune. See Beau Du/re, 

Violette. See Bordeaux, 

Violette de Bordeaux. See Bordeaux. 

Violette Geosse (Auhique), — Large, oblong, and per- 
haps the longest-shaped of any of the figs ; its length 
being three times its diameter. Skin deep violet. Flesh 
red. 

Violette Longue. See Bordeaux, 

Walton. See Brown Turkey, 

White Bouejassotte {Bourjassotte Blanche), — This is 
extensively cultivated about Marseilles. The fruit is 
turbinate. Skin yellowish white. Flesh red. The tree 
attains a large size. 

White Ischia (Oreen Ischia; Nerii; Singleton; 
Brocket, Hall) , — Small and turbinate. Skin pale greenish- 
yellow, very thin, so much so, that when fully ripe, the 
flesh, which is purple, shines through and gives the fruit 
a brownish tinge. Hich, highly flavoured, and luscious. 
End of August. The tree is of small habit of growth, a 
great bearer, well adapted for pot-culture, and forces 
well. 

White Naples. See Marseilles* 

White Standard. See Marseilles, 

Yellow Ischia (Cyprus), — Large, turbinate. Skin 
yellow. Flesh dark red, tender and very juicy, with a 
rich and sugary flavour. September. 



78 



Fias. 



LIST OF SELECT FIGS. 



Black Ischia 



Black Genoa 
Black Ischia 
Brown Ischia 



I. FOE STANDARDS. 

Brown Ischia Brown Turkey 



II. FOR WALLS. 

Brown Turkey 

Brunswick 

Marseilles 



III. FOR FORCINa, OR POT-CULTURE, 

Angelique White Ischia 

~" Farly Yiolet 



Black Ischia 
Brown Ischia 
Brown Turkey 



Marseilles 
Pregussata 




79 



QOOSEBERRfES. 

SYNOPSIS OF G00SEBERBIE8. 
I. SKIN BED. 



§ Hound or J^otmdM. 

A. Sinn smooth. Ironmonger 

Prince Begent (Boardman'e) 
Small Bed Globe 



B. Skin downy. 
Hiss Bold 
Scotch Nutmeg 

0. Skin hairy. 
Hairy Red (Barton's) 
Irish Plum 



Lancashire Lad (Hartshorn's) 
EaBpberrj 
Bifleman (Leigh's) 
Bough Bed 
Scotch Nutmeg 
Shakespere (Denny's) 
Small Kougli Bed 
Top Sawyer (Capper's) 
Victory (Lomas') 



§§ Ohlong, oval, or ohovate, 
A. Skin smooth. 



Emperor Napoleon (Riyal' 
Old England (Rider's) 
Bed Turkey 
Bingleader (Johnson's) 
Roaring Lion (Farrow's) 
Sportsman (Chadwick's) 
Wihnot's Early Bed 

B. Skin downy, 

ITarmer's Glor^ (Berry's) 
Hj^istrate (Djggle's) 
lied Walnut 



C. Skin hairy, 
g\ Atlas (Brundrett's) 
^ Beauty of England (Hamlet's) 

Crown Bob (Meliing's) 

Early Black 

Early Bough Red 

Keens' Seedling 

Over-All TBratherton's) 

Pastime (Bratherton's) 

Red Champagne 

Red Mogul 

Red Oval 

Bed Warrington 

Rob Roy 

Yaxley Hero (Speechley's) 



n. SKIS YELLOW. 

§ Mound 4yr Moundish, 



A. Skin smooth. 
Amber 

Yellow Ball 

B. Skin downy* 
Golden Drop 
BumbuUion 



0. Skinhak^y. 

Rockwood (Prophet's) 

Sulphur 

Yellow .ChampagM 

Yellow WarringiOQ 



80 OOOSEBEBBIES. 

§§ Oblong, oval, or ohovate, 

A. Skin smooth. Invincible (Heywood's) 
Dnckswing (Buerdsill's) I'rince of Orange (BeU's) 
Lord Combermere (Forester's) ^ gj^^ j^^^ 
Smiling Beauty (Beaumont s) ^ . „ .J'^. . ^ 
Victory (Mather's) Conquering Hero (Catlow's) 
Viper (aorton's) Early Sidphur 

^ ^ ' Golden Fleece (Part's) 

B. Shin downy. Golden Gourd (HiU's) 
Htubandman (Fostei^s) Yellowsmith 



III. SKIN GBEEN. 

§ Hound or Soundish, 

A. Skin smooth. Joke (Hodkinsons's) 
Glory of Kingston Perfection (Gregory's) 
Green Gage (Horsefield's) c. Skin haWy. 

„ . , Green Gtiscoigne 

B. Sinn downy. (jreen BumbuUion 

Green Willow Hebbum Prolific 

§§ Oblong, oval, or obovaie. 

A. Skin smooth. B. Skin downy. 

Favourite (Bates') Jolly Angler (Collier's) 

Glory of Rateliff (Allen's) Laurel (Parkinson's) 

Green Gage (Pitmaston) Profit (Prophet's) 

Green Walnut ^,. , . 

Heart of Oak (Massev's) C. Skm hairy. 

Independent (Briggs'; Glenton Green 

Jolly Tar (Sdwards') Wistaston Hero (Bratherton's) 



IV. SKIN WHITE. 

§ Hound or Hotmdish. 

A. Skin smooth. c. Skin hairy. 
^8tal Hedgehog 

^?^te ^^P Boyal White 

B. Skin downy. Snowball (Adams') 
Barly White 

§§ Oblong, oval, or obovate. 

A. Skin smooth. Queen Caroline (Lovart's) 

Lady Delamere (Wild's) White Eagle (Cooke's) 

Lionness (Fennyhaugh's) White Fig 



GOOSEBEBBIES. 81 

B. Skin downy. 0. Skin hairy, 

Cheshire Lass (Saunders') Abraham Newland 

Sheba Queen (Crompton's) Bonny Lass (Capper's) 

WeUington's Glory Bright Venus (Taylor^s) 

White Lily Qtjverness (Bratherton's) 

White Lion (Cleworth's) Lady of the Manor (Hopley*s) - 

Whitesmith (Woodward's) Princess Royal 

White Champagne 



Those vo •'^ties marked l.p. are of very large size, and are known 
as "Lancashire Piize Gooseberries." For the whole of these 
descriptions I am indebted to the Horticultural Society's Cata- 
logue, as I have had no opportunity of personally examining this 
portion of the fruits of Great Britain. 

Abraham Newland (Jackson's), l.p.— Large and ob- 
long. Skin white and hairy. Highly flavoured and 
excellent. Bush erect. 

Ambee (Yellow Amber; Smooth Amber). — Medium 
sized, roundish. Skin smooth, greenish yellow. Of good 
flavour, but not first-rate. Bush a good bearer ; spread* 
ing. 

Aston. See Hed Warrington, 

Aston Seedling. See Bed Warrington. 

Atlas (Bmndrett's), l.p. — Large, oblong. Skin red,, 
hairy. Of good flavour, but not first-rate. Bush erect. 

Beauty of England (Hamlet's), l.p. — Large and ob- 
long. Skin red, hairy. Of good flavour. Bush spreading. 

Belmont's Green. See Crreen Walnut, 

Bonny Lass (Capper's), l.p. — Large, oblong. Skin 
white and hairy. Of second-rate quality. Bush spreading. 

Bright Venus (Taylor's), l.p. — Medium sized, obo- 
vate. Skin slightly hairy, white, and covered with a 
bloom when it nangs long. Sugary, rich, and excellent, 
and hangs till it shrivels. Bush rather erect, and a good 
bearer. 

British Prince. See Prince Regent (Boardman's). 

Champagne, Ked (Dr. Davies* Upright ; Countess of 
JSrrol). — Bather small and oblong, tapering a little to- 
wards tho stalk. Skin rather thick, light red, and. V^a-vr^ « 



Early. One of the richest flavoured of all the gooseber- 
ries ; vinous, and very sweet. Bush very erect, and an 
excellent bearer. This is frequently, and in ScotlAud 
particularly, called " the Ironmonger." 

Cheshieb Lass (Saunders'), l.p. — Large and oblong. 
Skin very thin, downy, and white. Flavour rich and 
sweet. IBush erect, and a good bearer. Excellent for tarts, 
on account of its early attaining a size for that purpose. 

Cbown Bob (Melling's), l.p. — Very large and oblong. 
Skin thin, hairy, bright red, with a greenish tinge to- 
ward the stftlk. Of good flavour, and a first-rate variety. 
Bdsh pendulous, alid an abundant bearer. 

Ceystal. — Small and roundish. Skin thick, smooth, 
or very slightly downy, and white. Of good flavour, and 
chiefly valuable for coming in late. Bush spreading, and 
rather pendulous j leaves not hairy above. 

Dr. Davies* Upright. See Bed Champagne, 

Double Bearing. See Bed Walnut (Eckersley's). 

Dtjcz Wing ^Buetdsill's), l.p. — Large and obovatc. 
Skin yellow, ana smooth. A late variety, and only of 
second-rate quality. Bush erect. 

Eaely Black. — Medium sized, oblong. Skin dark 
red, and hairy. A second-rate variety. Bush pendulous. 

Eaely Eouofi Red. — Small, roundish-oblong. Skin 
red, and hairy. A well-flavoured variety, but not first- 
rate. Bush spreadilig. 

Eaely Sttlvwuh (Golden Ball ; Golden Bulls Mbss*s 
^edling\, — Medium si^ed, roundish-oblong. Skin yel- 
jow, ana hairy. Of second-rate quality. Bush erect, 
very early, ana a great bearer ; leaves downy. 

Eaely White. — Medium sized, roundish-oblong. Skin 
thin, transparent, yellowish white, and slightly down3^ 
Very sweet, good, and early. A first-rate variety. Bush 
spreading and erect ; an excellent bearer. 

Empeeoe Napoleon (Rivars), l.p. — Large and obo- 
vate. Skin red, and smooth. A second-rate variety. 
Bush pendulous, and a good bearer. 

Faemee's Gloey (Berry's), l.p. — Very large and obo- 
vate. Skin thick, downy, and dark red, with a mixture 
of green. A first-rate variety, and of excellent flavour. 
Bush pendulous, and tin abundant bearer. 



Eayoubitx (Bates'). — Median sked, oblone. Siria 
»Hiodtk, lm;d gr«en. Flayoiur second-rate. Bush pendii- 
loas. 

Glenton Gbeen (York Seedlinjf), — Medium sized, 
oblong, narrowest at the base. Skin rather thick, very 
hairy, green, and with "whitish veins. Of a sweet and 
an excellent flavoar. Bash pe'ndulous, and an excellent 
bearer. Young shoots downy, and sprinkled near the 
base with small prickles. Leaves downy above. 

GcoBt OF' KiNasTON.-^Medimn sized, roundish. Sfcih 
smooth, and green. Not highly flavoured. Bosh spread- 
ing, and a bad bearer. 

GrLOBY OF Batcliff (Allen' s). — Medium sized, oblong. 
I^kin thick, quite smooth, and light green. Of excellent 
flavour, ia,nd sweet. Bush spreading and somewhat pen- 
dulous, and a good bearer. 

Grolden Ball. See J^ar/y Sulphur. 

G-olden Bull. Sefe EarUf Sulphur, 

OotiJEN Deop (Golden Lemon), — Medium sized, 
roundish. Skin downy, and yeUow. Of second-rate 
quality. Bush erect. 

GOLDBiff FLifiECls (Part's), t.j?. — Very large, oval. Skin 
JifelloW, tod hairy. Of first-ttitte quahty. 

60LDEN GouED (Kill's), L.p. — ^Very large and oblong. 
Skin greenish yellow, and hairy. Of second-rate quality. 
Bush t^endtdous. 

Golden Lemon. See if olden Drop, 

GovEBNESs (Bratherton's), l.p. -^ Large, roundish- 
oblong. Skin greenish white, a^d hairy. Of second- 
rate quality. iBush spreading. 

Geeen Gage (Horsefield's), l.p. — ^Large and roundish. 
Skin green and smooth, flavour only third-rate. Bush 
spreading. 

Gbebn Gascoi&ke (Early Green; Marly Green Kaxry), 
— Small and round. Skin thin, daric green, and hairy. 
Very early, and sweet. Bush very erect, and an excel- 
tent bearer. 

(rreen Laurel. See Ijcwrel* 

GsEEiT "VTAL^trT (Belmont Green; Sm6oih Green; 
^^?twj)tt*^t);^Fruit inedium sized, obor^te, Sldn ver^ 



84 GOOSBBBBBIES. 

thin, dark green, and smootli. An early variet r, of ex- 
cellent flavour. Bush with long-spreading shoots ; leaves 
close to the branches ; and a great bearer. 

GJreen Willow. See Laurel, 

Grundy's Lady Lilford. See Whitesmith (Woodward's). 

Hairy Amber. See Yellow Champagne. 

Hairy Black. See Ironmonger. 

Haiby Eed (Barton's). — Small and roundish. Skin 
thick, red, and slightly hairy. Briskly and well flavoured. 
Bush erect, and an excellent bearer. 

Hall's Seedling. See Whitesmith (Woodward's). 

Heabt of Oak (Massey's), l.p. — Large and oblong, 
taperiug to the stalk. Skin thin, green, with yellowisn 
yems. Bich and excellent. Bush pendulous, and an 
abundant bearer. 

Hebbuen Pbolific. — Medium sized, roundish. Skin 
rather thick, dull green, and hairy. Very rich and sweet. 
Bush erect, with broad, thick leaves, and an abundant 
bearer. 

Hedgehog. — Medium sized, roundish. Skin thin, 
white, and hairy. A richly -flavoured variety. Bush 
erect ; the shoots thickly set with small briskly spines. 
This name is also applied to Glenton Green, in Scot- 
land. 

Husbandman (Foster's), l.p. — Large and obovate. 
Skin yellow, and downy. Of second-rate quality. Bush 
erect. 

Independent (Brigg's), l.p. — Large and obovate. 
Skin green and smooth. Of second-rate quality. Bush 
erect, and a good bearer. 

Invincible (Heywood's), l.p. — Large and roundish- 
oblong. Skin yellow, and downy. Of second-rate qua- 
lity. Bush erect. 

Ieish Plum. — Medium sized, roundish. Skin dark 
red, and hairy. A first-rate dessert sort. Bush erect. 

Ibonmongee (Hairy Black), — Small and roundish. 
Skin red, and hairy. A first-rate variety, of excellent 
flavour, but inferior to Bed Champagne, which is also 
known under this name chiefly in Scotland ; and from 
which it is distinguished in having rounder and darker red 



6O08EBEBBISS. 85 

fruit, and a spreading bush— that of the Bed Champagne 
being erect ; leaves downy. 

Jolly Anglers (Collier's), l.p. (Lay's Jolly Angler). — 
Large and oblong. Skin green, and downy. Of first- 
rate quality, and a good late sort. Bush erect. 

Jolly Tab (Edwards'), l.p. — Large and obovate. Skin 
green, and smooth. Of first-rate quality. Bush pendu- 
lous, and a good bearer. 

Keens' Seedling (Keens* Seedling Warrington), — 
Medium sized, oblong. Skin brownish red, hairy. Of 
first-rate quality. Bush pendulous 5 a great bearer, and 
earlier than Hed Warrington. 

Lancashibe Lad (Hartshorn's), l.p. — Large and 
roundish. Skin dark red, and hairy. Of second-rate 
quality. Bush erect, and a good bearer. 

Lancashire Lass. See Whitesmith (Woodward's). 

Laubel (Parkinson's), l.p. (Gh*een Latirel ; Green 
Willow), — Large and obovate. Skin pale green, and 
downy. A first-rate variety, somewhat resembling Wood- 
ward's Whitesmith. Bush erect, and a good bearer. 

Lay's Jolly Angler. See Jolly Anglers (Collier's). 

LoBD CoMBEBMEBE (Forcstcr's), L. P.— Large and obo- 
vate. Skin yellow, and smooth. Of second-rate quality. 
Bush spreadmg. 

Magistbate (Diggles*), l.p. — Large and obovate. Skin 
red, and downy. A first-rate variety. Bush spreading. 

Miss Bold (Pigeons Egg), — Medium sized, roundish. 
Skin red, and downv. Of first-rate quality, and early ; 
it somewhat resembles Eed Walnut, but is better. Bush 
spreading. 

Moss* Seedling. See Hed Warrington. 

Murrey. See Sed Walnut, 

Nonpareil. See Green Walnut, 

Nutmeg. See Baspherry, 

Old England (Eider's), l.p. — Large and roundish- 
oblong. Skin dark red, and smooth. Of second-rate 
quality, resembling Wilmot's Early Bed. Bash penda- 
lous. 

Old Preserver. See Baspherry* 



Oybb-All (Bratlierkm'a), L.B.^Lai*gd and oblcH^ 
Skm red, and liairy. Of sec<^Bd-Mite quality, ^ufik 
pendulous. 

Pastimb (Bratherion's), ij.p.-« Large and Boundlslv 
Skin dark rea, and hairy. Of aeoond-rate quiijity. Tfaa- 
&uit is oftieu furbished witl^ ^if^. I^i^ac^att^ohed to its 
sid^A* Bu^h pendi|lQi)9* 

Pebfection (Gregory's), L.p.-rvLai?ge and roundisli. 
Skin green, and <]p«i];y. 4 ^ra^ttr^jbo y«mty} %nd l9<^- 
ipjosh. pendulous. 

Pigeon's Egg. See* Mw Bold. 

PiTMASTON Gbeen GAaE.— Sgiall and oborate. Skin 
green, and smootji. 4. fir:St-Tai(e variety, ic^ry sugary* 
and wiU h^ng on thj^ bi^ tJU it beconies shriy^^. 
Bush erect. 

Peincb of O^ANaB: (Bell's),. L.p.-^Lfl^j^ «Ad oWftftg. 
Skin yellow, and downy. Of second-ra^t^ qualil^,. Bqsh 
pendulous. 

Pbxstcb Eeoent (BoaapdmM).'i^> L.;p. -t... X^Qirgo ai^d 
roundish. Skin dark red» ajid wpooi^ 4 fl^o^nd-^ralk 
variety. Bush spreading. 

Peincess EpYAi^, L.p, — Large fti)Ld„ Qboyate.. Skin 
greenish-white and hairy. Of firgt^-ratie ^uriitij., Bu^ 
pendulous, and a good bearer. 

Pbofit (Prophet's), l.p. — Laige and oblong. Skin 
green and downy. Of seconf r^ qualit;^. Biish 
spreading. 

Qub^n Cabolinb^ (LoTarfs). — Medium sized, oboyate.. 
Skin white and smooth. Of seoond-o*ate quali^-. Bus]^ 
erect. 

Baspbebby (Old Preserver; Nutmeg). — Fruit smaj), 
roundish-oblong. Skin thick, dark red, and hairy. Bichly 
flayoured and sweet. Eipe^A Qarl}i% Bi}«h 8pi!eadiog» 
and a good bearer. 

Bed CHAMPAaNE (Dr, Daviejsi* TJ^ahks Compt0fi% of 
JSrrol; Ironmonger, in Scotland). — SmaU and ipoundiph- 
oblong, sometimes taperme towards tjbe- s^f^lk. ^ip. 
ratiier thick, light red, ana hair^v. l^yo«F yerv- rid^ 
yiaouBj and sweet. Bush yery erect, a&d a good beareiK 
This is known in Scotland by the name of " Ironmonger.'^ 

Ebd Mogul.— SmaU^.aiidi>o«&disk*ob]!OBg» Skin: thin. 



OOOSSBSBSUBS. b7 

red, with a mixture of greeo, and hairy. Of fix^t-rate 
quality. Bush spreading, aud a good bearer; leaves 
smooth, by which it is distinguished from Ironmonger. 

Eed Oval, l.p. — Large and oval. Skin red, and hairy. 
Of Urst-rate quality, ioush spreading. 

Red Walnut (Murrey: Eckersle^fs Douhle-hearing). 
— Medium sized, obovate. Skin red, and downy. An 
early variety. Of second-rate quality. Bush spreading. 

B.ED Waebinoton (Aston ; Aston Seedling ; Volunteer). 
— Above medium size, roundish-oblong. Skin red, and 
hairy. A first-rate late variety, and highly esteemed for 
preserving. Bush pendulous. 

HiFLEiCAN (Leigh's), l.p. (Alooeh's Duke of York; 
Yates* Moyal Anne; Grange* s Admirable). — Lurge, 
roundish. Skin red, and hairy. A first-rate late variety. 
Bush erect, and a good bearer. 

!EiKGLEADEB (Johuson's), L.P. — Large and oblong. 
Skin red, and smooth. A second-rate variety. Bush 
pendulous. 

HoABiiira Lion (Farrow's), l.p. (Great Chance). —'VeTY 
lar^e, oblong. Skin red, and smooth. A second-rate 
variety as to fiavour, but one of the largest in size. Bush 
pendulous. 

Bob Eoy. — Medium sized, obovate. Skin red, and 
hairy. A first-rate variety, and very early. Bush erect. 

B-oczwooD (Prophet's), l.p. — Large and roundish. 
Skin yellow, and hairy. Flavour second-rate. Bush 
erect. 

Bough Bed (Little JSed Sairy ; Old Scotch Red; 
Thick-skinned Red), — Small and round. Skin red, and 
hairy. A first-rate varietur, of excellent flavour, and 
highly esteemed for preserving. Bush spreading. 

Bough Yellow. See Sulphur, 
Bound Yellow. See Rvmhullion, 

BoYAL White. — Small and round. Skin white, and 
hairy. A first-rate dessert variety. Bush erect. 

BuMBULLio^f (/Yelloto Globes Round Yellow), — Small 
and roundish. Skin pale yellow, and downy. Flavour 
of second-rate quality. Bush erect, and a gceat bearer; 
and the fruit much grown for bottliiig. 



88 OOOSEBBBBIES. 

EuMBULLioN, Gbeen. — Small and round. Skin green> 
and hairy. Flavour second-rate. Bush erect. 

Scotch Nutmeg. — Medium sized, roundish. Skin red, 
hairy, or downy. Flavour second-rate. Bush erect;. 

Shakespeee (Denny's), l.p. — Large and roundish. 
Skin red, and hairy. Of first-rate flavour. Bush erect. 

Sheba Queen (Crompton's), l.p. — Large and obovate. 
Skin white, and downy. Flavour of the first quality. 
JBush erect. Very similar to Whitesmith. 

Sir Sidney Smith. See Whitesmith (Woodward's). 
Small Dark !Rough !Red. See Small Sough Med. 

Small Red Globe (Smooth Scotch). — Small and 
roundish. Skin smooth, and red. Of first-rate quality, 
and with a sharp, rich flavour. Bush erect. 

Small Rough Red (Small Dark Sough Ited). — 
Small and round. Skin red, and hairy. Of first-rate 
quf^ty, and early. Bush spreading, and the leaves 
pubescent. 

Smiling Beauty (Beaumont's), l.p. — Large and ob- 
long. Skin thin, yellow, and smooth. Of first-rate 
flavour. Bush pendulous, and a good bearer. 

Smooth Amber. See Amber. 

Smooth Green. See Green Walnut. 

Smooth R«d. See TwrTcey Sed. 

Smooth Scotch. See Small Red Olohe. 

Snowball (Adams'). — Medium sized, roundish. Skin 
white, and hairy . Of first-rate flavour. Bush pendulous. 

Spoetsman (Chadwick's), l.p. — Large and obovate. 
Skin dark red, and smooth. Flavour second-rate. Bush 
spreading. 

SuLPHUB (Hough Yellow), — Small and roundish. Skin 
yellow, and hairy. Flavour of first-rate quality. Bush 
erect, and the leaves not pubescent, by which it is dis- 
tinguished from Early Sulphur. 

Thick-skinned Red. See Sough Red. 

Top Sawyeb (Capper's), l.p. — Large and roundiBh. 
Skin pale red, and hairy. Flavour of second-rate quality. 
Bush pendulous. 

TuBKEY Red (Smooth Red). — Small and obovate. Skin 



600SEBEBBIE8. 89 

smooth, and red. Of first-rate flayour. Bush spread- 
ing. 

VicTOBY (Lomas*), l.p. — Large and roundish. Skin 
red, and hairy. Of socond-rate flavour, but much es- 
teemed for cooking. Bush pendulous. 

ViCTOBY (Mather's), l.p.— Large and obovate. Skin 
yellow, and smooth. Flavour only second-rate. Bush 
spreading. 

ViPEB (Gorton's), l.p. — Large and obovate. Skin 
greenish yellow, and smooth. Flavour second-rate. Bush 
pendulous. 

Volunteer. See Eed Warrington, 

Wellington's Gloey, l.p. — Large and roundish- 
oblong. Skin thin, white, and downy. Flavour of first- 
rate quality. Bush erect. 

White Champagne. — Small and roundish*oblong. 
Skin white, and hairy. Flavour of first-rate quality. 
Bush erect ; leaves pubescent. 

White Eagle (Cook's), l.p. — Large and obovate. 
Skin white, and smooth. Flavour of first-rate quality. 
Bush erect. 

White Fig. — Small and obovate. Skin white, and 
smooth. Flavour of first-rate quality, and rich. Bush 
spreading, but tender. 

White Lily. — Medium sized, obovate. Skin white, 
and downy. Flavour of second-rate quality. Bush 
erect. 

White Lion (Cle worth's), i.p. — ^Large and obovate. 
Skin white, and downy. Of first-rate quality, and a good 
late sort. Bush pendulous. 

White Easp. — Small and round. Skin white, and 
smooth. Flavour of second-rate quality. Bush spreading. 

Whitesmith (Woodward's), l.p. {Whitesmith; Sir 
Sidney Smith; SalVs Seedling; Lancashire Lass; 
GrundAfs Lady Idlford) . — Larse, roundish-oblong. Skin 
white, and downy. Flavour of first-rate excellence. Bush 
erect, and a good bearer. 

Wilmot's Eably Bed. — ^Large and roundish-oblong. 
Skin dark red, and smooth. Of second-rate quality. 
Bush pendulous. 

Wistaston Hebo (Bratherton's), l.p. *- Large and 



^ 



GOQ0SBSBBIB8. 



oblong. Skin green, and Imrj^ Flavour second-Fate. 
Bush erect. 

Yates' iRoyal Anne* S^ Riflemcm. 

Yaxley Hebo (Speecliley*s), l.p. — Large and obovate. 
Skin red, and hairy. Flavour of first-rate quality. Bush 
^rect. 

Yellow Amber. See Amber, 

Yellow Ball. — Medium sized, roundish. Skin yellow, 
and smooth. Flavour of first-rate quahty. Bush erect. 

Yellow Champagne (Hairt/ Amber). — Small and 
roundish. Skin yellow, and hairy. Of first-rate excel- 
lence. Bush erect. 

Yellow Globe. See JRumbullion, 

Yellowsmith. — Small and roundish-oblong. Skift 
yellow, and hairy. Of first-rate quality, resembling 
Yellow Champagne. Bush erect. 

Yellow Warrington (Yellow 4*<o») .—Middle sifsed, 
roundish-oblong. Skin yellow, and hairy. Of first-rate 
quality. Bush pendulous. 

York Seedling. See Glenton Green, 



SELECT GOOSEBEKBIES. 



IQE BE^SEl^T i;jSS. 



Ironmonger 
j^eens' Sealing 
Miss Bold 
Baspberry 
Bed Champagne 
Bed aiobe 



iflarly SttlphuD 
Glory of Batfdiff 
Bockwood 



(abwen GhMeoigne 
Green Proufic 
G«^i|,WalAUt 



Red. 



Yellow. 



Green, 



Bed Warrington 
Kough Bed 
Scotch Nutmeg 
Small Hough Bed 
Turkey Btjd 
Wilmot's Karly Bed 

Bambulliqn 
Yollow Bail 
YqUow Qliampagne 

Heart of Oak 

Hebburn Prolific 
Pitmaaton Green Gag« 



GOOSSSEBBIES. 



91 



Bright Venu8 
Crystal 
Early White 



Wkiie. 



Hedgehog 
White Champagne 
W^hitesmith 



"•-^wn 



FOR EXHIBITION, 

WITH TH£IB GBE^XE^T W^QH:^. 



Eed. 

Dwts. Grs. 

Com^nion fHo 8 

Conquering Hero . ^ 3 
Lion's Provider ... 25 8 

Yellow. 
Dwts. Grs. 

Catherme 27 14 

Drill ^7 9 

Gunner ijO 23 

Grreen. 

Pvts. Grs. 

General 28 21 ' 

Gvekia Qaraeou 22 7 

OTcr-AU 23 10 

White. 

Dwt«?. Grs. 

Eagle 20 

Freedom 23 16 

Lady LdcMlsr ... 22 9i 



Dwts. Grs. 

London 34 7 

Slaughterman ... 24 17 

WoAderfttl 28 12 

Dwlp. Grs. 

Leader 24 12 

Pilot 23 

Kailway 22 21 



Dwts. Grs. 
Queen Victoria... 23 8 

Thumper 25 6 

Turn Out 2& 



D'wts. Grs. 
Queen of Trumps 25 12 

SnowbiOl 23 8 

Snowdt^ 23 




92 



GRAPES. 

SYNOPSIS OF GRAPES. 



I. BEBBIES BOUND, OB NEABLY 80. 



* Black or 

A. Muscats.'f 

August Muscat 

Black Frontignan 

Caillaba 

Early Black Muscat 

July Muscat 

Purple Gonstantia 

Sarbelle Muscat 

B. Not Muscats, 
Barbarossa 



Purple, 

BidwiU's Seedling 
Black Corinth 
Black J Damascus 
Black July 
Black Muscadine 
Black St. Peter's 
Black Sweetwater 
Dutch Hamburgh 
Esperione 
Fraukenthal 
Miller's Burgundy 



** Bed, Tawny, or Striped. 
A. Museats. ». Not Muscats, 

Catawba Aleppo 

Bed Frontignan Ohasselas de Falloux 

Madeira Muscat Gromier du Oantal 

li^egropont ChasselM 
Bed Chasselas 



*#* White, 
A. Muscats, 

Ohasselas Musqu^ 
Early Saumur Muscat 
Muscat Ottonel 
White Frontignan 

B. Not Muscats, 

Buckland Sweetwater 
Oalabrian Baisin 
Chaptal 

Chasselas Buhamel 
Chasselas Yibert 



Yellow, or Green, 

Ciotat 

Early Ohasselas 
Early Malingre 
Early White Malyasia 
Pitmaston White Clutter 
Prolific Sweetwater 
Boyal Muscadine 
White Corinth 
White Nice 
White Bissling 
White Sweetwater 



i The term ** Muscats " includes, besides the true Muscats, the Ameriean 
Grapes, with their peculiar foxy flarour. 



6BAPES. 



93 



II. BBBBIES OYAL, OB NEABLY 80. 



* Black or 

A, Muscats, 

Black Muscat of Alexandria 

Isabella 

Muscat Hamburgh 

B. Not Muscats, 

Black Champion 
Black Cluster 
Black Hamburgh 
Black Muscadine 



Pu7*ple. 

Black Prince 

Blussard Noir 

Burcliardt*s Prince 

CambridgeBotanic Garden 

Gros Maroc 

Ischia 

Kempsey Alicante 

Lady Downe's Seedling 

CEillade 

Trentbam Black 

West's St. Peter's 



** Red, Tavmy, or Striped. 

A. Muscats, Morocco 

"Sqxxq ?^FP^® Fontainblean 



Schiras 



B. Not Mtiscats, 
liombardy 

*#* White, Yellow, 

±, Muscats, 
Bowood Muscat 
Charlesworth Tokay 
Canon Hall Muscat 
Muscat o f Alexandria 
Muscat St. Laurent 

B. Not Muscats, 

Alexandrian Ciotat 
Burchardt*s Amber Clustck' 
Cornichon Blanc 



or Cfreen. 

Early Green Madeira 

Golden Hamburgh 

Marchioness of Hastings 

St. John's 

Scotch White duster 

Syrian 

Trebbiano 

Verdelho 

White Lisbon 

White Remain 

White Tokay 



Aiga Passera. See Blcu^k Corinth, 

Aleppo {Striped Muscadine; Variegated Chasselas; 
Chasselas Panachi; Morillon Panachi; JRaisin d'Alep ; 
Raisin Suisse). — Bunches medium sized, loose, and not 
shouldered. Berries medium sized, round, of varioug 
colours, some being black, others white or red, while 
some are striped with black, or red and white ; sometimes 
n. bunch will be half white and half black ; and others 
are wholly white or wholly black. The flesh is inferior 



94 OBAPES. 

in flavour. The vine siiooeeds in a waaran vinery, but 
requires the hothouse to bring it to perfection. The 
leaves are striped with green, red, atid yellow. 

Alexandeiai^ CioTAt. — Bunches large, long, alid loose, 
with narrow shoulders. Berries oval. Skin thin, toale 
yellowj but becoming of an amber colour as thfe fruit 
are highly ripened, and covered with nnttifetbus raWsety 
dots. JFlesh nrm and breaking, juicy, and well flavoured. 
E-ipens with the heat of a vinery. A good bearer, but 
the bu&ch^s set badly. 

Alexandrian Frontignan. See Muscat of Alexandria. 

Alicante.^— This is a name given to several variieties 
of grapes in the south of France and in the Peninsula, 
but is not applicable to any variety in particular. In 
the department of Gard, it is applied to Gromier du 
CantaL In Andalusia it is the same as the Tiritilla and 
Tinto of the same vineyards, the Mourvide of Provence, 
and Mataro of the Eastern Pyrennees. Then the Alicante 
of Bouches-des-E/hone vineyards is the Granaxa of Arra- 
gon, and Granache of Eastern Pyrennees ; While, in the 
neigb bourhood of Alicante, the name is given to two or 
three different «c*rti3. In tjll^at Britain, Black Trmce 
and Black Si. Peter's are sometimes called Alicante ; 
but a distinct variety from all the above, being sent to 
mfe .«im|)ly under the name of Alicante, I have, to dis- 
tinguish it, called it K^mpsey Alicante, which see. 

Alicantweine. See iBlacJc Prinbe, 

Amber Muscadine. See Moyal Muscadine, 

Ansley's Large Oval. See Morocco. 

Arkansas. See Catawba. 

D'Arboyce. See Royal Muscadine. 

August Muscat (Muscat d*Aoiit). — Berries medium 
sized, round, inclining to oval. Skin deep purple. Flesh 
very rich and juicy, with a slight Muscat aroma. An 
early grape, ripenifig about the end of August. The 
vine forms a dVarf Dnsh, and on that account is well 
adapted for pot culture, but it is a delicate grower. It 
ripens against a wall. 

August Traube. See Black July, 

Auvergne. See Black Cluster. 

Auvemat. See Black Cluster. 



Babbabossa (Briztola; Eossea; Prince Alheri).— 
Bunches twelve to eighteen inohei long, shouldered, 
tapering, and oompaot. Berries round, inclining to oval. 
Skin tough, but not thick, of a deep black colour, covered 
•With thin bloom. Flesh tender, juicy, and of good flavour, 
though not rich. A valuable late grape, hanging all the 
winter ; and requires the aid of artificial heat to ripen it. 
The vine is a bad bearer, except in poor soils. 

Barbaronx. See Gromier du CantaL 

Bar-sur-Aube. See Early Chasselas. 

Bee d'Oiseau. See Cornichon jBlanc, 

BiDwiLL 's Seedling. — This variety, raised at Exeter, 
has a considerable resemblance to Black Prince, of which 
it is probably another form. It ripens very well against 
a wall in the west of England by the end of October. 

Black Alicante. See Black Prince, 

Black Burgundy. See Black Clmter, 

Black Champion (Champion Hamburgh), — Bunches 
with short, thick stalks, not shouldered, thickly set. 
Berries large, roundish-oval. Skin tkin, black, ot dark 
purple, covered with fine thin bloom. Flesh tender, but 
somewhat fittn, very juicy, rich, and sweet ; having rarely 
any stones, or more than one. This is about a fortnight 
earlier than Black Hamburgh in the same house, and 
always colotrrs better and more freely than that variety ; 
the berry is also more oval, and the wood shorter jointed. 
Hi pens in a cool vinery. 

Black ChV^TER(Auvergne; Auvemats ^lack Burgundy; 
Black Morillom Burgundy; Blauer Cldvner ; Early 
Black; MoHllonNoir; Pineau; Schwarzer BiessUng). — 
Bunches small, very compact, cylindrical, and occasionally 
shouldered. Bemes generally oval, inclining to roundish. 
Skin thin, blue-black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh 
juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. Ripens well against 
a wall in the open air, and is one of the best for this pur- 
pose. The bunches are larger than those of Miller's 
Burgundy. This is one of the varieties most extensively 
cultivated for wine on the Bhine and the Moselle, and it 
also furnishes the greater part of the Champagne and 
Burgundy wines. 

Black Constantia. See Purple Comtantia, 

Black CobinUh {^Currant ; Otmnthe Noir ; Passolina 



96 GRIPES. 

Nera; Aiga 'Passer a ; Zante), — Bunches compact, small, 
and short. Berries small and round, not larger than 
a pea, with some larger ones interspersed. Skin thin, 
black, and covered with blue bloom. Flesh juicy, sweet, 
richly flavoured, and without stones. Requires the heat 
of a vinery. This variety furnishes the " Currants '* of 
commerce. 

Black Damascus (Worhsop Manor), — Bunches large 
and loose. Berries large and round, interspersed with 
others of small size. Skin thin, but tough, of a deep 
black colour. Flesh juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. 
A flrst-rate late grape, requiring the heat of a hothouse 
to bring it to perfection. 

Black Fbontignan {Muscat Noir ; Muscat Noir 
Ordinaire ; Sir William Rowley s Black). — Bunches 
pretty large, cylindrical, somewhat loose, and occasion- 
ally shouldered. Berries small, round, and unequal in 
size. Skin thin, blue-black, and covered with blue 
bloom. Flesh firm, red, and juicy, with a rich vinous 
and musky flavour. Ripens against a wall in favourable 
situations and in warm seasons ; but is generally grown 
in a vinery. 

Black Hamburgh (Hampton Court; Knevetfs Black 
Hamburgh; Red Hamburgh; Warner's Hamburgh; 
Blauer Trolling er ; Maroquin d'Sspagne), — Bunches 
large, broadly shouldered, conical, and well set. Berries 
roundish-oval. Skin thin, but membranous, deep blue- 
black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh rather firm, but 
tender, verv juicy, rich, sugary, and highly flavoured. 

This highly-popular grape succeeds under every form 
of vine culture. It ripens against a wall, in favourable 
situations, in the open air. It succeeds well in a cool 
vinery ; and it is equally well adapted for forcing. The 
vine is a free bearer ; and the fruit will hang, under good 
management, till January and February. 

Black July (Early Black July; July; Madeleine; 
Madeleine Noir ; Morillon Hdtif; Raisin Bricoce ; De 
St.Jean; August Traube ; Jacob* s Traube). — Bunches 
small and cylindrical. Berries small and round. Skin 
thick, deep purple, covered with blue bloom. Flesh 
sweet and juicy, but not highly flavoured. Its chief 
recommendation is its great earliness, and the facility 
\Yith which it ripens against a wall in the open air. The 
flowers are tender, and, consequently, unless grown in a 



cool vinery, the bunches are loose, and the berries thin j 
but when protected, the plant produces close, compact 
bunches, and is an excellent bearer. Although this is 
the earliest grape, it is not so liighly flavoured as Black 
Cluster and Miller's Burgundy. 

Black Lisbon. See Black Prince, 

Black Lombardy. See WesVs St. Teier*s* 

Black Morillon. See Blach Cltister, 

Black Morocco. See Morocco, 

Black Muscadel. See Morocco, 

Black Muscadine (Black Chasselas ; Chasselas JVotr), 
— Bunches medium sized, compact. Berries about medium 
sized, round, inclining to oval. Skin thick, deep purplish- 
black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh juicy, sweet, 
sugary, and richly flavoured. When well ripened, this 
is an excellent grape, and has a trace of musky aroma in 
its flavour ; but, to obtain it thus, it requires to be growu 
in a warm vinery. 

Black Muscat of Alexandria (Red Muscat of Alex- 
andria), — Bunches large and shouldered. Berries large 
and oval. Skin thick, dark reddish-purple. Flesh firm 
anrl crackling, with a rich, sugary, and musky flavour. 
A iirst-rate gra^e. The berries are rather smaller than 
thode of the White Muscat of Alexandria, but are equally 
rich m flavour, and ripen more easily. It may be grown 
either in a warm vinery, or a hothouse ; but the latter is 
not -ndispensable. 

Black Palestine. See Black St, Peter* s. 
Black Portugal. See Black Prince, 

Black Prince (Alicante; Boston; Pocock's Damascus; 
Sir A, PytcJies Black ; Steioard*s Black Prince; Blauer 
von Alicant ; Alicantenwein), — Bunches long, and gene- 
rally without shoulders ; but occasionally shouldered. 
Berries above medium size, oval. Skin thick, deep 
purplish-black, covered with thick blue bloom. Flesh 
white, or greenish, tender, very juicy, with a rich, sugary, 
and sprightly flavour. The seed- bearing string (placenta), 
which is drawn out when the berry is separated from the 
stalk, has a crimson streak in it. This is a grape of first-rate 
quality, ripens well in a cool vinery, or against a wall, in 
favourable situations } and. always colours weU. The vine 

71 



98 eBAPEs. 

is a good bearer ; the leaves in antnmn die off, beautifully 
variegated with red, green, and yellow. 

This is the Alicani and Black Spanish of Speedily, 
and, according to him, it is also called Lomhardy ; but 
the true Black Spanish is Blanch St. Peter^s, and it is 
sometimes called Alicante, It is also the Blauer von 
Alicante of Fintlemann, and the Alicantweine of Christ. 

Black St. Peteb's (Alicante; Black Lisbon; Black 
JPortiigal ; Black Bales tine ; Black Spanish ; Black 
Valeniia; St. Beters;' Espagne Noir ; Sanct Beiers 
Trauhe ; Schwarzer Spanischer). — Bunches large and 
long, sometimes shouldered. Berries above medium size, 
round. Skin thin, deep blue-black, and covered with 
bloom . Flesh tender, juicy, and with a rich, brisk flavour. 
An excellent late grape that will hang till March. It 
requires to be grown in a warm vinery j but will not 
bear much forcing, otherwise the berries are liable to 
crack. 

Blacksmith's White Cluster. See Scotch White 
Clmter. 

Black Spanish. See Black Prince. 

Black Spanish. See Black St. Peter*s. 

Black Swbetwatee (Waterzoet Noir). — Bunches small, 
short, and compact. Berries round. Skin very thm, 
and black. Flesh tender, juicy, and very sweet j but has 
little aroma or richness. This succeeds well against a 
wall, where it ripens early, or in a cool vinery ; but it is 
impatient of forcing, and the berries are liable to crack 
when subjected to too much heat. 

Black Tripoli. — The Black Tripoli grown at Welbeck 
since the time of Speechly has long been considered a 
distinct variety. By some it has been stated to be iden- 
tical with the Black Hamburgh, and others haVe as dis- 
tinctly asserted that it is totally different from that 
variety. When it is considered that there are two 
varieties of grapes cultivated in the country under the 
name of Black Hamburgh, this diversity of opinion is 
easily accounted for. From the true Black Hamburgh 
it is certainly distinct ; but with the JFrankenthal, which 
is also grown under that name, it is as certainly identical. 
See Frankenthal. 

Black Valentia. See Black St. Peter's. 



. Blano Fr^oce de Kienzheim. See £arly Kienth 
keim, 

Blaache. See 8i. John*s, 

Blauer von Alicant. See Black Prince. 

Blauer Cliivner. See Black Cluster. 

Blauer Miillerrebe. See Miller s Burgundy. 

Blauer TroUinger. See Black Hamhurgh. 

Blue Frontignan. See Purple Constantia. 

Blusbabd Noib. — Bunches small and rather loose, not 
shouldered. Berries medium sized, roundish-oval. Skin 
rather thin, black, and covered with bloom. Flesh tender, 
juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. The vine is a very- 
strong grower, but a bad bearer. It is earlier than Blacl 
Hamburgh. 

Boston. See Black Prince. 
Boudal^s. See (Eillad^. 

BowooD Muscat. — This is a seedling raised from Mus- 
cat of Alexandria, to which it bears a close resemblance, 
but it differs from its parent in setting its fruit better, 
and in being a better bearer, and much earlier. It is an 
excellent grape. 

Brizzola. See Barharossa. 

BucKLAND Sweetwater. — Bunches large, shouldered, 
and well set, heart-shaped. Berries large, round, inclining 
to oval. Skin thin, transparent, pale green, becoming 
pale amber when ripe. Flesh tender, melting, and very 
juicy, sweet, and well flavoured. Seeds rarely more than 
one in each berry. It ripens in a cool vinery. 

Bubchaedt's Ambeb Clusteb. — Bunches medium 
sized, conical. Berries medium sized, oval. Skin thin, 
yellowish- white, becoming amber coloured when ripe. 
Flesh very juicy, rich, and sugary. Earlier than wie 
Boyal Muscadine, and a first-rate grape. 

Bubchabdt's Pbince. — Bunches long and tapering, 
larger than those of the Black Prince. Berries medium 
sized, roundish-oval. Skin thick, of a deep black colour, 
covered with dense bloom. Flesh firm, juicy, melting, 
rich, and vinous. An excellent late grape, requiring 
heat. 

Burgundy. See Black Cluster. 



loo OBAPES. 

Busby's Golden Hamburgh. See Golden Samhuf*gfi» 

Caillaba (Caillaha Noir MusquSe). — Bunclies lon^. 
Berries rather below medium size, round. Skin thin, 
but membranous, black. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet, 
with a Muscat flavour. This is a moderately early grape, 
and ripens in a cool vinery about the beginning or middle 
of September. The vine is delicate, and requires high 
cultivation. 

Calabeian Eaisin {Raisin de Calahre), — Bunches 
large, slightly shouldered, long, and tapering, sometimes 
tipwards of a foot in length. Berries large, quite round. 
Skin thick, but so transparent that the texture of the 
flesh and the stones are distinctly visible ; white. Flesh 
moderately firm, with a sugary juice and good flavour. 
This is a late and long-hanging grape, forming an excellent; 
white companion to Black St. Peter's. It is not of first* 
rate quality as to flavour ; but is, nevertheless, a valuable 
grape to grow on account of its late-keeping properties. 
The vine is a strong grower and a good bearer ; succeeds 
in a cool vinery, and will also stand a good deal of heat. 

Cambridge Botanic Garden. — This has been said to 
be identical with Black Prince, with which it has now, 
in many instances, got confounded ; but it difiers from 
that variety in having shorter and much more compact 
bunches. Bunches rarely shouldered. Berries large and 
Oval. Skin brownish-black. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, 
and highly flavoured ; with from two to three stones in 
each berry : while in Black Prince they vary from three 
to five. 

An excellent out-door grape, ripening well against a 
wall, and well adapted for a cold vinery. Mr. E-ivers has 
found it well suited for pot culture. 

Campanella Bianca. See Royal Muscadine. 

Canon Hall Muscat. — This difiers ftom its parent, 
the Muscat of Alexandria, in having better-set and more 
tapering bunches, and rather larger and longer berries. 
The vine is of more robust growth, and the flowers have 
six. and sometimes seven, stamens ; but the fruit is not so 
highly flavoured as Muscat of Alexandria. 

Catawba {Arkansas ; Catatoha Tokay ; Lebanon Seed' 
ling; Red Murrey ; Singleton). — Bunches medium sized, 
shouldered. Berries medium sized, round. Skin thick, 
pale red, becoming a deeper colour as it ripens, and 



0B1FSS, 101 

jeovered with a lilac bloom. Flesli somewhat glutinous, 
juicy, Bweet, and musky. A popular American dessert 
grape, and used also for wine. It is yery productivei and 
very hardy. 

Champion Hamburgh. See Black Champion. 

Ghaptal. — Bunches large. Berries large and round, 
inclining to oval. Skin white. Flesh juicy and sweet. 
This is a new French grape of excellent quality, well 
adapted for a cool vinery, wnen it ripens about the middle 
of September. The vine is a great bearer, and, accord- 
ing to Mr. Bivers, is well adapted for pot culture. 

Chablsswobth Tokay. — This is very much like Mus- 
cat of Alexandria. Some consider it quite distinct, but 
I have as yet failed to observe wherein it differs. If it 
is distinct, it is not sufficiently so to make two varieties 
of them. 

Chasselas. See Itoyal Muscadine, 

Chasselas Blanc. See Itoyal Muscadine, 

Chasselas Bleu de "Windsor. See JEsjperione 

Chasselas Dor^e, See Boyal Muscadine, 

Chasselas Duhamel. — This is, in all respects, very 
much like Chasselas Yibert, and was raised in the same 
batch of seedlings. Mr. Bivers describes it to me as a 
fine, large, amber-coloured Sweetwater-like sort, which is 
likely to prove very valuable. He imported it for the 
first time mto this country three or four years ago. 

Chasselas de Falloux (Chasselas Bose deFalloux).-^ 
Bimches long and compact. Berries large, round, and 
somewhat flattened. Skin tough, of a pale yellow colour 
at first, but gradually changing to a pale red. Flesh firm» 
juicy, sweet, and refreshing, with a distinct musky flavour. 
The vine is a great bearer, and well suited for pot culture. 
The fruit ripens in September in an ordinary vinery. 

Chasselas de Fontainbleau. See Itoyal Muscadine, 

Chasselas MusQui {Josling^s St, Alhans; Muscat 
Fleur d* Orange: MusccU de Jesus ; Muscat Primavis; 
Pascal MusquS; Tokai Musqui), — Bunches long, taper- 
ing, rather loose, and shouldered. Berries above medium 
size, roimd. Skin greenish-white, changing to pale 
amber when highly ripened, and covered with a deli- 
cate white blpom* Flesh firm^ rich, sugary, and with a 



102 GBAPSS. 

high Muscat flavour. A most delicious grape of first* 
rate quaUty. It may be grown either in a cool or warm 
Tinery ; but the berries are very liable to crack, unless 
the vine is growing in a shallow border, and the roots 
are kept moderately dry when the fruit is rijpenin^. It 
is rather an early variety, and ripens in a vinery m the 
beginning of September. 

Chasselas de Negrepont. See Negropont Chasselas. 

Chasselas Panache. See Aleppo. 

Chasselas Eose de Falloux. See Chasselas deFaliotue, 

CHiJSSELAS ViBEET. — Buuches long and loose. Berries 
large and round. Skin thin and transparent, yellowish- 
white, but when highly ripened of a fine pale amber 
colour. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet. This, in the 
form and size of the bunches and berries, resembles the 
Prolific Sweetwater ; but it is readily distinguished from 
all the Sweetwaters, to which section it belongs, by the 
bristly pubescence of its leaves, both above and beneath. 
Mr. Kivers informs me, that it ripens with him ten or 
twelve days before the Royal Muscadine ; that the vine 
is hardy and prolific, and well adapted for pot culture. 
It may be grown in a cool vinery. 

Cinq Saous. See (Eillade. 

CiOTAT {Parsley-leaved ; JRaisin d*Autriche; Peter* 
silien Gutedel). — Bunches medium sized, not quite so 
large as those of !Royal Muscadine, shouldered and loose. 
Berries medium sized, roimd, uneven, with short, thin 
Stalks. Skin thin, greenish-yellow or white, covered with 
bloom. Flesh tender, sweet, and with the flavour of 
Itoyal Muscadine, of which tiiis variety is a mere form, 
differing in having the leaves very much cut. It ripens 
in a cool vinery. 

Le Coeur. See Morocco. 

Corinthe Blanc. See White Corinth, 

Corinthe Noir. See Black Corinth. 

CoENiCHON Blanc {Finger Grrape; White Cucumber; 
Bee d^Oiseau; Teta de Vaca)i — ^Bunches rather small, 
roimd, and loose. Berries very long, sometimes an inch 
and a half, and narrow ; tapering to both ends, and just 
like very large barberries. Skin thick, green, and covered 
viih white bloom. Flesh fi;rm and sweet. A late-ripen* 



GBAPS8. 10& 

ing and late-banging grape of little value, and requires 
stoTe heat to ripen it. 

Cumberland Lodge. See JEsperione. 

Currant. See Black Corinth, 

De Candolle. Sec Grrcmier du CantaL 

Dutch Hambuegh (Wilmofs Hamburgh), — Bunches 
medium sized, compact, and rarely shouldered. Berries 
very large, roundish-oblate, uneven and hammered. Skin 
thick, very black, and covered with a thin bloom. Flesh 
pretty firm, coarse, and not so highly flavoured as the 
Black Hamburgh. It ripens in an ordinary vinery. 

Dutch Sweetwater. See White Sweettoater, 

Early Black. See Black Cluster. 

Early Black Muscat (Muscat JPrecoce d*Aout,'^'Mi. 
Elvers* description of this variety, which I have not seen, 
is — ^Berries below medium size, and round. Skin blacks 
Flesh rich and juicy, with a rich Frontignan flavour. 
IThe vine is more robust in its habit than the August 
Muscat, and the fruit ripens against a wall. This is one 
of the seedlings of the late M. Yibert, of Angers. 

Early CB.x'&S2j,k& {Chasselas Hdtif; Bar-sur-Aube ; 
Krach Gutedel). -r-Tlds is very similar to the Eoyal Mus« 
cadine in general appearance, and has, therefore, been 
frequently confounded with it ; but it is a very distinct 
variety when obtained true, and is readily known by its 
very firm crackling flesh, which is richly flavoured. The 
vine may be distinguished by its small quantity of foliage, 
which is somewhat hairy, and by the leaftstalk being 
frequently warted. 

Early Leipzic. See Early White Malvasia, 

Early Zienzheim (Blanc Bricoce de liienzheimf 
Bricoce de Kienzheim), — Bunches small, cylindrical and 
well set. Berries about medium size, roundish-oval or 
oval. Skin tender, white, and transparent, covered with 
a very thin bloom. Flesh very tender and juicy, sweet 
and pleasantly flavoured, like tne Sweetwater. 

This is one of the earliest grapes known, and ripens iH 
a cool vinery from the be^nnmg to the middle of August* 
It will also succeed agamst a wall in the open air ; bu^ 
of course, is not then so early. 

Early Malikgbb (MaHn^rei Pricoce de Malingr0$ 



10^ OBAPES. 

!PrScoce Blanc). — ^Bunclics of pretty good size. Berriea 
round, inclining to oval, and of medmm size. Skin white. 
Flesh rather richly flavoured, juicy and sugary. One 
of the earliest grapes, ripening in a cool vinery in the 
beginning of August ; and, in the open air, against a 
wall, it is the earliest white grapo. The vine is a most 
abundant bearer, forms a handsome bush, and is well 
suited for pot culture. 

Early Satjmub Muscat {Muscat de Saumur ; Made* 
leine Musqui de Courtiller; PrScoce MusquS), — Bunches 
rather compact. Berries medium sized and round. Skin 
white, assuming an amber tinge towards maturity. Flesh 
firm and crackling, rich and sugary, with a distinct, but 
not strong, Muscat flavour. This is one of the earliest 
grapes, ripening with the Black July, from seed of which 
it was raised. 

The vine is an abundant bearer. It is an excellent 
grape, and may be grown either in a cool vinery, or 
agamst a wall in the open air. 

Eably White Malvasia {Grove-End StoeeUoaierj 
JEarly Leipzic; Morna Chasselas ; White Metier; Metier 
JBlanc Hdtif; Frilher Leipziger ; Weisse Cihehe),-^ 
Bunches rather large, six to eight inches long, loose, 
tapering, and occasionally shouldered. Berries large, 
round, inclining to oval. Skin thin and transparent^ 
greenish-white, but becoming yellow at maturity, and 
covered with white bloom. Flesh abundant, very juicy, 
sweet, and with a rich flavour. Eipens in a cool vinery 
about the end of August, and also against a wall^in the 
open air. 

The vine is an excellent bearer, and succeeds well when 
grown in pots. 

EsPEBiONB {Cumhei'land Lodge ; Turner* s Blach ; 
Aspirant Noir; JEspiran ; Chasselas Bleu de Windsor), 
— Bunches large and shouldered. Berries large, roimd, 
and inclining to oblate. Skin dark blackish-purnle, 
covered with blue bloom. Flesh rather firm than tenaer, 
juicy, sweet, and well flavoured; but inferior to the 
Black Hamburgh. 

This is a variety bearing a close resemblance to theFrank- 
enthal. Its great recommendation is its rij)ening so well 
out of doors against a wall, for which it is said to be better 
adapted, and where it ripens better than the Black Bam- 
burgh, and ten or fifteen days earlier. It is distinguished 



GBAPXS. 103 

from Black Ham'biu'gli by its leaves dying off a xich purple 
colour, and not yellow. 

ringer Grape. See Cornichon Blanc, 

Flame-coloured Tokay. See Lomhard^;, 
Frankenthal. See page 121. 
Froc de la Boidaye* See Prolific Sweetwatei\ 
Friiher Leipziger. See JEarly White Malvasia, 

. Golden HAMBUBan (Bushy s Golden Hamburgh s 
StocTcwood JParh Golden Hamburgh), — Bunches large, 
loose, branching, and shouldered. Berries larse and oval. 
Skin thin, of a pale yellow colour; but when highly 
ripened, pale amber. Flesh tender and melting, very 
Tuicy, rich, sugary, and vinous. An excellent grape, 
itipens in a cool vinery, and forces well. 

Greo E-ouge. See Gromier du Cantal, 

Gbomieb du Cantal (Barbaroux; De Candolle; Grec 
Bouge; Gros Gromier du Cantal; Malaga; Baisin du 
Bauvre; Baisin de Servie). — Bimches large, a foot long, 
broad, and shouldered. Berries large and round. Skm 
very thin, amber coloured, mottled with light purplish- 
brown. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet, with a orisk 
vinous flavour. Requires a warm vinery to ripen it ; and 
it does not keep long after being ripe. In some of the 
vineyards of France, and particularly in those of Tam-et- 
Garonne, it is called Alicante, 

Gros Coulard. See Brolijic Sweetwater, , 

Gros Gromier du Cantal. See Gromier du Cantal, 

Gbos Maeoc (Marocain), — Bunches large, long, and 
shouldered, and with a long stalk. Berries large and 
oval. Skin thick, of a deep reddish-purple, and covered 
with an abundant blue bloom. Flesh tender, sweet, and 
richly flavoured. 

This is an excellent grape, and ripens along with the 
Black Hamburgh. It is frequently confound.ed with the 
GrosDamas, from which it is distinguished by its smoother 
and more deeply-cut leaves, shorter-jointed wood, and 
earlier ripening. 

Gbos Eomain.— This is a variely introduced by Mr, 
Hivers, of which he speaks very highly. I have never 
yet seen the fruit ; but he informs me that it is a most 
delicious grape, with very large^ ]^und, amber-coloured 



106 GBAFBS. 

berries, almost yellow. It is quite a distinct variety from 
"Wliite Eomain, or, as it is sometimes called, Muscat 
Bomain. 

Grove-End Sweetwater. See Earlif White Malvasia, 

Gutedel. See Rojfal Muscadine, 

Hampton Court. See Black ScmburgJi. 

Horsforth Seedling. See Morocco. 

Isabella. — Bunches large. Berries large and oval. 
Skin thin, of a dark purple colour, almost black, and 
covered with bloom. Flesh tender, juicy, sweet, and 
vinous, with a musky flavour. 

This is a varietjr of Vitis Labrusca, a native American 

frape, cultivated in the open air in the United States, 
oth for the dessert and for wine ; but it is not of much 
account in England. 

IscHiA (Noir Precoce de Ginea ; Uva di tri volte), — 
The bunches and berries of this variety very much re- 
semble those of Black Cluster ; but the fruit ripens as 
early as that of Black July, and is very much superior in 
flavour to that variety. Berries medium sized, black, 
very juicy, sweet, and vinous. The vine is very vigorous 
and luxuriant in its growth, and bears abundantly, if not 
pruned too close. In Italy it produces three crops in a 
year by stopping the shoot two or three joints beyond 
the last bunch just as the flower has fallen and the berries 
set ; new shoots are started from the joints that are left, 
and also bear fruit, and these being again stopped, a third 
crop is obtained. 

This variety succeeds admirably against a wall in the 
open air. 

Jacob's Traube. See Black July, 

Jew's. See Syrian, 

Joannec. See St, John's, 

Joannenc. See St, Johns, 

Josling's St. Alban's. See Chasselas MnaqitS, 

July. See Black July, 

July Muscat (Muscat de Juillet), — This is a very early 
Variety, having a distinct Muscat flavour. It was intro- 
duced by Mr. Rivers, who describes it as follows: — 
Berries round, purple ; of medium size ; rich, juicy, and 
excellent. This grape will ripen on a wall, as it is one of 



OSAPBS. 107 

the earliest of its race* and is well adapted for pot culture 
in the orchard-house. 

Cempsey Alicakte. — Bunches siic to eight inches long* 
not shouldered, and rather thickly set. Berries very 
large, from an inch to an inch and a quarter long, and 
three quarters to an ii-<fth wide ; oval. Skin thick and -. 
tough, of a deep blue-black colour at the apex when ripe, [ 
but towards the stalk of a ^eenish-yellox, mottled with 
dark purple. Flesh greenish, firm, sweet, and with a 
fine aroma when fullv ripe. Seeds generally one or two • 
only, but sometimes four. i 

The berries, in size and colour, are more like plums. 
The vine is a free grower, a good bearer, and requires a 
high temperature to ripen the fruit thoroughly. The 
foUage when young is verv tiiin and tender, and covered 
with a delicate down. This is a very late grape, being 
fully three weeks or a month later than any omer variety; 
still it .forces well, and may also be grown in pots. It 
will hang till May. 

£!nevett's Black Hamburgh. See BlacJc Hamburgh. 

Srach Grutedel. See Early Chasselas. 

Laan H^tif. See Scotch White Cluster, 

LadyDownb*8 Seedling.— Bunches shouldered, eight 
to ten inches long, and rather loose. Berries above 
medium size, ten-twelfths of an inch long and nine- 
twelfths wide ; oval. Skin rather thick, tough, and 
membraneous, reddish-purple at first, but becoming q^uite 
black. when fally coloured, and covered with a dehcate 
bloom. Flesh dull opaline white, firm, sweet, and richly 
flavoured, with a faint trace of Muscat flavour, but not 
so much as to include it among Muscats. Seeds gene- 
raUv in pairs. 

This is a very valuable ^ape, and may be rinened with , 
the heat of an ordinary vinery. It forces well, and will 
hang till the month of March without shrivelling or dis* 
coloration of either berries or stalks. The vme is a. 
vigorous grower and an abundant bearer, seldom pro- 
ducing less than three bunches on each shoot. I have 
seen bunches of this grape ripened in August, hang till 
March, and preserve ful their freshness even at that late 
season, when the berries were plump and delicious. 

Lashmar*s Seedling. See St. JohrCs* 

Lebanon Seedling. See Catawba. 



103 OBAPES. 

LoMBABDY {Flame-coloured ToJcay; Red Rhenish ; Red 
TauHda; Wantage), — Bunches very large, shouldered, 
closely set, and handsome ; sometimes weighing f^om six 
to seven pounds. Berries large and round, inclining to. 
OTal« Skin pale red or flame coloured. Flesh htrxXi 
sweet, and well flavoured, but only seccmd-rate. 

This requires a high temperature to ripen it. The vino 
is a very strong grower, and requires a great deal of 
K>om ; but it is a good bearer. The only recommenda- 
tion to this variety is the great size of the bunches and 
beauty of the fruit. 

Macready's Early White. See 8t, John*s. 

MADEiBi. Muscat. — Bunches of medium size, rather 
compact. Berries above medium size, round. Skin red- 
dish-purple. Flesh very juicy and rich, with a high 
musky flavour. 

This is an excellent grape, and ripens well in a cool 
vinery at the same season as the Black Hamburgh. 

Madeleine. See Black July, 

Madeleine Blanche de Malingre. See Early Malingre, 

Madeleine Musqu6 de Courtiller, See Early Saumur 
Muscat. 

Madeleine Noir. See Black July. 

Malaga. See Crromier du Capital, 

Malaga, ^ee Muscat of Alexandria, 

Malingre. See Early Malingre, 

Mabchioness of Hastings. — ^Bunches large, loose, 
and broadly shouldered. Berries upwards of an inch 
lon^ and about an inch wide ; oval. Skin thin, greenish 
white, covered with thin grey bloom. Flesh squashy 
and watery, without much flavour. This is an early 
grape, and ripens in an ordinary vinery. Its only reoom* 
mendation is the size of the bunches, which may be grown 
to weigh four pounds. 

Maroquin d*Espagne. See Black ffamhurgh. 
Melier Blanc Hative. See Early White Malvasia. 
Merrick's Victoria. See Fra/nkenthal, 
Meunier. See Miller's Bv/rgundy, 

Mill Hill Hahbubgh. — This is so much like Dutch 
Samburgh as not to be distinguishable from it, but there 



GBAPES. 109 

are some who maintain that they are distinct. The only 
difference I have ever been able to detect is, when the 
fbiiage is young that of Mill Hill appears paler and more 
-waved than that of Dutch Hamburgh, but that character 
Boon disappears, and the two become to all appearance 
the same. 

Miller Grape. See Miller* a Burgundy. 

MiLLEB*s BuBGUNDY (Miller Grape; Meunier; Btauer 
Miillerrebe), — Bunches short, cylindrical, and compact, 
with a long stalk. Berries small, round, inclining to 
oval, uniform in size, with short-war ted stalks. Skin 
thin, black, and covered with blue bloom. Flesh red, 
sweet, juicy, and highly flavoured, and contains two 
seeds. 

An excellent grape for out-door cultivation, as it ripens 
well against a wall. It is easily distingiyshed from all 
other grapes by its very downy leaves, which, when they 
are first expanded, are almost white, and this they in 
some degree maintain during the greater part of the 
season. On this account it is called " The Miller." 

Mogul. See Morocco. 

Money's St. Peter's, See Wesfs St, Peters. 

Morillon Hatif. See Black July. 

Morilloa Noir. See Black Cluster. 

Morillon Panache. See Aleppo. 

MoEOCCO (Ansleys Large Oval; Black Morocco; Black 
Muscadel ; ic Coeur ; "Horsforth Seedling ; Moqul ; Bed 
Muscadel). — Bunches large and shouldered. Berries of 
unequal size ; some are large and oval. Skin thick, red- 
dish-brown, becoming blackish-brown when fully ripe ; 
beginning to colour at the apex and proceeding gradually 
towards the stalk, where it is generally paler. Plesh 
firm, sweet, but not highly flavoured ; the small berries 
are generally without stones, and the large ones have 
rarely more than one. 

This is only a second-rate grape as regards flavour. It 
is very late, and requires stove heat to ripen it thoroughly. 

Moscatel Commun. See White Frontignan. 

Moscatel Menudo. See Bed Frontignan. 

Muscat of Alexandbia (Alexandrian Frontignan; 
Malaga; Muscat of Jerusalem ; Muscat of Jjunel ; Fanse 
MusquS; Basse MusquS ; Tottenham Park Muscat). — 



110 . OBAPJSS. 

Bunches large, long, loose, and shouldered; stalk long. 
Berries large, oral, unequal in size, and with long, slender* 
warted stalks. Skin thick, generally greenish yellow ; 
but, when highly ripened, a fine pale amber colour, and 
covered with thm white bloom. Plesh firm and break- 
ing, not very juicy, but exceedingly sweet and rich, with 
a fine Muscat flavour. 

A well-known and most delicious grape, requiring a 
high temperature to ripen it thoroughljr ; but it may be. 
' sufficiently ripened in a warm vinery, provided it has a high 
temperature at the time of flowering and while the fruit 
is setting. The vine is an abundant bearer, but the 
bunches set badly. To remedy this defect, a very good 
plan is to draw the hand down the bunches when they 
are in bloom so as to distribute the pollen, and thereby 
aid fertilisation. 

It is this grape which furnishes the Muscatel Baisins, 
imported in boxes from Spain. 

Muscat d*Aoiit. See August Muscat 

Muscat Blanc. See White Frontignan, 

Muscat Fleur d'Orange. Seo Ckasselas MusqnS, 

Muscat Gris. See Red Frontignan, 

Muscat Hamburgh (8now*s Muscat Hamburgh). — 
Bunches above medium size, compact, and shouldered. 
Berries rather large, varying from round to oval. Skin 
tough, but not thick, deep purplish-black, covered with 
thin blue bloom. Flesh tender, very juicy, rich, and 
sugary, with a fine Muscat aroma. 

This excellent grape may be ripened in a house sub- 
jected to the same amount of heat as is generally given 
to the Black Hamburgh, and it has also been ripened in 
a cool vinery. 

Muscat of Jerusalem. See Muscat of Alexandria. 

Muscat de Jesus. See Chasselas Mmque, 

Muscat de JuiUet. See July Muscat. 

Muscat St. Laueent. — Bunches similar to those of 
Boyal Muscadine. Berries small, roundish oval. Skin 
thin, greenish-yellow, becoming pale amber when tho- 
roughfy ripened. Flesh very tender, melting, and juicy, 
with a refreshing, juicy, and a distinct Muscat aroma. 
This variety, introduced by Mr. Eivers, that gentleman 
says, is very early, and will ripen on a wall with the 



GSAPSfl. Ill 

Sweetwater.- It is well adapted for pot culture in the 
orchard-house, and in cool vineries. 

Muscat of Lunel. See Muscat of Alexandria. 

Muscat de Naples. See Purple Constantia. 

Muscat Noir. See BlacJc Froniignan, 

Muscat Noir d'Espagne. See Trentkam Black. 

Muscat Noir Ordinaire. See Black Froniignan. 

Muscat Ottonel. — Tliis is an early variety of Muscat 
grape, introduced by Mr. Rivers, of Sawbridgeworth, 
and which ripens its fruit in a cool vinery. That gentle- 
man describes it as having a compact bunch, and round, 
white, and rather small berries. "A very hardy, nice 
Muscat grape." 

Muscat Precoce d'Ao^t. See Early Black Muscat. 

Muscat Primavis. See Chassela^ Mu8qv4. 

Muscat Komain. See White Bomain, 

Muscat Eouge. See Bed Froniignan. 

Muscat de Sarbelle. See Sarhelle Muscat. 

Muscat de Saumur. See Early Saumur Muscat. 

Neqeopont Chasselas (Chasselas de Negrepont). — 
This is a variety which, in the bunches and foliage, re- 
sembles the Koyal Muscadine. The berries are at first 
of a pale green colour, and gradually become of a fine 
clear red as they attain maturity. In this respect they 
difier from those of the Bed Chasselas, which, from their 
settmg, are of a bright red colour. Like the !Boyal Mus- 
cadine, it is of excellent flavour, and early. 

Nepean's Constantia. See White Frontigncm. 

Noir Precoce de G^nes. See Ischia. 

(SiiLLiiDTL {Ulliade ; Boudalhs ; Cinq 8aous ; Prunelas). 
— Bunches medium sized, and with long stalks. Berries 
lar^e, oval, uniform in size, and dangling from long stalks. 
Skm thin, of a dark purplish-black colour, and covered 
with bloom. Flesh rather firm, and breaking, juicy, 
sweet, and of good flavour. 

The vine is a very abundant bearer, and ripens its fruit 
in a cool vinery. 

Oldaker's St. Peter's. See Wesfs St. Peter^s. 

Palestine. See Syrian. 



lis GRAPES, 

PangeMusqu^. ^e^ Muscat of Alexandria. • -' f ; 

Parsley-leaved. See Ciotat. 

Passe Musqu^, See Muscat of Alexandria* 

Passolina Nera. ^ee Black Corinth. ^ 

Perle Blanche. See White Stoeetwater. 

Pctersilien Grutedel, See Ciotat, . . 

Pineau. See. J3lack Cluster, 

PiTM ASTON White Clustee. — BuDches meditRn sized, 
compact, and shouldered. Berries medium sized, round, 
inclining to oblate. Skin thin, amber coloured, and fre- 

Suently russety. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet and well 
avoured. An excellent early grape ; succeeds weU in a 
cool vinery, and ripens against a wall in the open air. 
Pocock's Damascus. See Black Prince. 
Poonah, See WesVs St. Peters, 
l*ope Hamburgh. See JFra?ikenthah 
Precoce Blauc. See JElarly Malingre, 
Precoce de Kienzheim. See Early Kienzheim, 
Precoce de Malingre. See Early Malingre, 
Prdcoce Musqu^. See Early Saumur Muscat. 
Prince Albert. See Barharossa. 

Peolific Sweetwatee {Froc de la Boulaye: Gro9 
Coulard), — ^Bunches medium sized, cylindrical, loose, and 
not shouldered. Berries large and round, uniform in 
size. Skin thin, greenish-yellow, but pale amber when 
fully ripe. Flesh tender, juicy, and sweet, with an ex* 
cellent flavour. 

This is an excellent early white grape, and sets its fruit 
much better than the old Sweetwater. It ripens well in 
a cool vinery, and is well adapted for pot culture. 

Prunelas. See (Elllade, 

PuEPLE CoNSTANTiA (BlacJc Coustantta ; Purple Fron>^ 
tignan ; Blue Frontignan; Violet Frontignan; Muscat 
. de Naples; Vtolette Muskaieller), — Bunches long and 
tapering, very much more so than those of Black Tron- 
tignan, and with small shoulders. Berries large and 
round. Skin dark purple, covered with thick blue bloom. 
Flesh juicy, very richly flavoured, and with a Muscat 
aroma which is less powerful than in Black Frontignan, 
This is a most delicious grape^ and req^uires to be grown 



OBJLPES. 113 

in a warm vinery. It is the Black or Purple Frontignac 
of Speechly ; but is very different from what is generally 
cultivated for Black Frontignan — that variety being the 
Blue or Violet Frontignac of Speechly. 

PuEPLE FoNTAiNBLEATJ. — I have neverseeu this grape, 
but Mr. Eivers speaks of it as a very hardy variety, 
ripening against a wall in the open air ; well adapted for 
pot culture, and a prodigious bearer. The berries are 
oval, light purple, sweet, and juicy. 

Purple Frontignan. See Purple Constantia. 

Ealsin d'Alep. See Aleppo, 

Baisia d'Autriche. See Ciotat, 

Baisin de Calabre. See Calabricm Baisin, 

Kaisin des Carmes. See Wesfs St, Feters, 

Eaisin de Cuba. See Wesfs St, Peters, 

Eaisin de Frontignan. See White Frontignani 

Baisin du Pauvre. See Gromier du CantaL 

Eaisin Pr^coce. See BlacJc July, \ 

Eaisin de St. Jean. See St, Johns, 

Eaisin de Servie. See Ghromier du Cantal, 

Eaisin Suisse. See Aleppo, 

Ebd Chasselis {Fed Muscadine; Chasselas Fouge i 
Chasselas Fouge FoncS ; Cereses Septemhro), — Buneaes 
medium sized, loose, rarely compact, shoiddered; with 
long, thin, and somewhat reddish stalks. Berries medimn 
sized, round. Skin thin, red, covered with a violet bloom. 
Flesh juicy and sweet. The vine is a great bearer, and 
will ripen its fruit in a cool vinery. The most remark- 
able character of this variety is, that from the time the . 
germ is visible, or, as Mr. Eivers says, " no bigger than J 
a pin's head, it changes to red," and it becomes gradually \ 
paler as the fruit ripens. Mr. Eivers says, ** it is as 

food as Eoyal Muscadine when fully ripe, and a great 
earer." 

Eed Fbontignan {Grizzly Frontignan } Muscat Gris; 
Muscat Fouge ; Moscatel Menudo ; Cevana DinJca; Fother 
Mushateller ; Grauer MusJcataller) .—Bunches large, long, 
and generally cylindrical, but occasionally wim very 
small shoulders. Berries above medium size, roimd. 
Skin rather thick, yellow on the shaded side, clouded with 

I 



114 GJUFB8.. 

pale red on the side next the sun, and covered with gprey 
bloom. Flesh rather form, jnicy, but not very melting, 
with a rich, sugaiy. and musky flavour. 

Eiipens about the end of September when not forced, 
and requires the heat of a warm vinery. 

Bed Hamburgh. See Blctch Hamburgh, 

S>ed Munoy. See Cataioha, 

"Red. Muscadel. See Morocco. 

Bed Muscadine. See Sed Chasselas, 

Bed Muscat of Alexandria. See Black Muscat qf 
Alexandria. 

Bed Bhenish. See Lomhardy. 

Bed Taurida. See Lomhardy. 

Bheingauer. See White Bisslin^. 

Biessling. See White Itissling. 

Bosslinger. See White Itissling. 

Bossea. See Barbarossa. 

Bother Muskateller. See Bed Frontignan, 

BoYAL Muscadine {Amber Muscadine; Muscadine; 
White Chasselas; D*Arbot/ce; Chasselas; Chasselas 
Dori; Chasselas de Fontainbleau ; Campanella Bianca ; 
Weisser Ghitedel). — Bunches long, loose, and shouldered; 
sometimes compact and cylindrical. Berries large, round, 
and, in the compact bunches, inclining to oval. Skin thin 
and transparent, greenish-yellow, becoming pale amber 
when quite ripe, and sometimes marked \(ith tracings 
and dots of russet ; covered with thin white bloom. 
Flesh tender and juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. 

This excellent and well-known grape ripens well in a 
cool vinery and against walls in the open air. The many 
names it has received have arisen from the various forms 
it frequently assumes, and which are occasioned entirely 
by the nature of the soil and the different modes of treat- 
ment to which it is subjected. There is no real difference 
between this, the common Chasselas, and Chasselas de 
Fontainbleau. The White Muscadine of some authors is 
the Early Chasselas. 

Biidesheimer. See White Bissling. 

St. Jean. See Black July* 

St. Johb'b (Eaisin de St. Jea»; Jaatmec; Jmutdmc; 



GBAPSS. 115 

BlancJie: Lashmar*i Seedling ; Macready^s JSarly White), 
— Bunches about fiv« inches long, with a very long stalky 
loose, and with many undevmoped berries, berries 
medium sized, roundish oval. Skin thin, and green. 
Flesh rery thin and watery, and though witiiout much 
flavour is agreeable and refreshing. It npens against 
a wall in the open air, and is well adapted for this mode 
of cultivation. 

St. Peter's. See BlacJc 8t, Peter* s. 

ScHiSAS (Ciras ; Scleras; Sirrah; fi^trarc).— Bunchea 
long, loose, and shouldered. Bemes large, oval. Skin 
thick, reddish-purple, covered with blue bloom. Flesh 
rather firm and juicy ; juice pale red, sugary, and with a 
delicious aroma. Bipens in a cool vinery ; and is as early 
as the Boyal Muscamne. 

This fine, large, oval, black grape is that which is grown 
almost exclusively in the vineyards of the Hermitage, and 
furnishes the celebrated Hermitage wine. It is said to 
have been originally introduced from Schiraz, in Persia^ 
by one of the hermits who formerly resided there. 

Schwarzer Riessling. See Black Cluster, 

Scotch White Clxjstee (Blachsmith* s White Cluster; 
Laan Sdtifs Van der Laan Bricoce; Diamant), — 
Bunches medium sized, very compact. Berries some- 
what oval, or roundish oval. Skin white, covered with 
thin bloom. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet and richly 
flavoured. This is a ver^r hardy grape, an excellent bearer^ 
and ripens its fruit agamst a w^ in the open air. 

Singleton. See Catawba. 

Sir A. Pytche*s. See Black JPrince. 

Sir W. Bowley's Black. See BlacJc Frontigna/n, 

Snow's Muscat Hamburgh. See Muscat BCamhurgh, 

Steward's Black Prinee. See Black Prince. 

Stillward's Sweetwater. See WTiite Sweetwater. 

Stockwood Park HcEmburgh. See Golden Mamburgh. 

Stoneless B^ound-becried. See White Corinth. 

Striped Muscadine. See Aleppo. 

Stbiak (Palestine; Jew's; Terre de la Promise). — 
Bunches immensely large, broad-shouldered, and conical. 
Bemes large, oval. Skin thick, greenish-white, changing 



116 6BAFES. 

to pale yellow when quite ripe. Flesh finn and crackling, 
sweet, and, when well ripened, of good flavour. 

This is a very good late grape, and generally produce*^ 
bunches weighing from 7 lbs. to 10 lbs. ; but, to obtain 
the fruit in its greatest excellence, the vine requires ta 
be grown in a hothouse, and planted in very shallow, dry, 
sandy soil. Speechly states that he grew a bunch at 
Welbeck weighing 20 lbs., and measuring 21f inches long 
and 19| inches across the shoulders. It is a strong 
^ower and an abundant bearer. 

Terre de la Promise, See Syrian, 

Teta de Vaca. See Cornichon Blanc, 

Tokai Mu8qu<S. See Chasselas MusquS, 

Tokay. — The Hungarian wine, called Tokay, is not 
produced from anjr particidar description of grape nop 
grown in any particular vineyard ; the name is applied 
to all wine grown on the hills of Zemplen, of which Tokay 
is the chief; and the ground so cultivated extends over 
seven or eight square leagues of surface. The name 
Tokay is, therefore, applicable to many varieties of grapes, 
and it has thus been applied to several varieties in this 
country. But there is one which, being distinct from 
all the others, I have described under the name of White 
Tokay, which see. 

Tottenham Park Muscat. See Muscat qf Alexandria, 

Tebbbilho {jyehhiano Bianco ; Trehhiano Vero; Mrha* 
lus ; Uani Blanc). — Bunches very large, broad-shouldered, 
and well set. Berries medium sized, roundish-oval, some- 
times oval and sometimes almost round. Skin thick, 
tough, and membranous, somewhat adhering to the 
flesh ; greenish- white, covered with a very delicate bloom. / 
riesh firm and crackhng, sweet and richly flavoured ? 
when well ripened. ; 

This is a late grape, requiring the same heat and treat* ' 
ment as the Muscats, and will hang as late as the end of I 
March. It requires fire heat in September and October 
t9 ripen it thoroughly before winter sets in. I have seen 
bunches of this 14 inches long and 10 inches across. 

Tbenthak Black (Muscat Noir d'JSspagne), — Bunches 
large, tapering, and shouldered. Berries^ above medium 
size, oval. Skin, though not thick, is toagh and mem- 
branous, separating freely from the flesh, of a jet black 



0BAFS8. 117 

colour, and covered with thin bloom. Flesh very melt* 
ag, abundantly juicy, very rich, sugary, and vinous. 
' A very excellent grape, ripening with Black Ham- 
burgh; but keeping plump long after the Black Ham- 
burgh shrivels. The vine is a free grower and a good 
bearer ; and Mr. Fleming informs me that it resists power- 
ful sun better than any other variety he knows. It was 
introduced by Mr. Rivers under the name given as a 
synonyme ; but, not being a Muscat, its present name 
was adopted. 

Turner's Black. See Ssperione, 

Ugni Blanc. See Trehhiano* 

Ulliade. See (Eillade, 

Uva di tri Volte. See Ischia, 

Van der Loan Pr^coce. See Scotch White Cluster. 

Variegated Chasselas. See Aleppo, 

Veedelho. — Bunches rather small, conical, and loose* 
Berries small, unequal in size, and oval. Skin thin 
and transparent, yellowish-green, but becoming a fine 
amber colour when highly ripened, with sometimes 
markings of russet. Flesh tender, sugary, and richly 
flavoured. 

It IS from this grape that the Madeira wine is princi- 
pally made. 

Vert Pr^coce de Mad^re. See Early Green. Madeira. 
Victoria Hamburgh. See FranTccnthal, 
Violet Frontignan. See Purple Constantia. 
Violette Muskatellor. See Purple Constantia. 
Wantage. See Lomhardy, 
Warner's Hamburgh. See Black Samhurgh. 
Waterzoet Noir. See JBlack Sweetwater. 
Weisser Cibebe. See PJarly White Malvasia. 
Weisser Muskateller. See White Frontignan. 
Weisser Eiessling. See White Rissling. 

West's St. Petee's {Black Lomhardy, Money* s St. 
Meters; Boonah; Baisin des Cannes; Baisin de Cuba). 
— Bunches large, tapering, and well shouldered. Berries 
large, roundish-oval, and varying in size. Skin thin. 



Il8 OBAPESw 

T«r]r black, eorered with a blue bloom. Flesb. tenddr, 
very juicy, sweet, and with a fine sprightly flayonr. 

This is a very fine late grape, and requires to be grown 
in a house with stove heat. 

White Chasselas. See Moyal Mttscadine. 

White Constantia. See White Ffontignan, 

White Corinth (White Kishnmh; Stoneless Round* 
berried; Corinthe Blanc), — Bunches small, shouldered, 
and loose. Berries very small. Skin yellowish-white, 
changing to amber, covered with white bloom. Flesh 
very juicy, sub-acid and with a refreshing flavour. The 
seeds are entirely wanting. Of no value. 

White Cucumber. See Cornichon Blanc, 

White Feontignan {White Constantia; Nepean^s 
Comtantia; Muscat Blanc; Moscatel Commun; Maisin 
de Frontignan; Weisser Muskateller), — Bunches large, 
long, cylindrical, and compact, without shoulders. Ber- 
ries medium sized, round. Skin dull greenish-white, or 
yellow, covered with thin grey bloom, r'lesh rather firm, 
juicy, sugary, and very rich, with a fine Muscat flavour. 

This 



will ripen either in a cool or warm vinery, but i 
worthy of the most favourable situation in which it 
be grown. The vine is an abundant bearer, and foreefl 
well. 

White Hamburgh, See White Lisbon, 

White Kishmish. See White Corinth. 

White Lisbon (White Hamburgh; White Portugal i 
White Raisin), — Bunches large and loose. Berries oval. 
Skin greenish- white. Flesh firm and crackling, not very 
juicy, but with a sweet and refreshing flavour. 

It is this grape which is so largely imported from 
Portugal during the autumn and winter months, and sold 
in the fruiterers' and groeers' shops under the mane of 
Portugal Grapes. 

White Melier. See Earhf White Mahasia, 

White Muscadine. See Royal Muscadine^ 

White Nice. — Bunches very large and loose, with 
several shoulders. Berries medium sized, round, and 
hanging loosely on the bunches. Skin thin, but tough, 
and membranous ', greenish- white, becoming pale amber 
coloured as it ripens. Flesh firm and aweet. Bunches 



&SAFS8. 110 

of Has rariety Iietb been grown to weigh 181b& The 
leayes axe very downy underneath. 

White PortugaL See Wkite Lisbon^ 
White Baisin. See TThiie Lisbon, 

White Eissling ( WeiMer Biessling), — ^Bonches small, 
short, and compact, scarcely, if at all, shouldered. Ber- 
ries round, or somewhat oblate. Skin thin, greenish- 
white, and, when highly ripened, sometimes with a 
reddish iinge. Flesh tender, fleshy, and juicy, with a 
sweet and agreeably aromatic flavour. 

This may be grown either in a cool vinery, or against 
a wall in the open air. The vine is a great bearer, and is 
very extensively grown in the vineyards of the Bhine 
and Moselle. 

WsrvB BoMAiir (Muscat Romain)» — Bunches below 
medium size, and rather closely set. Berries medium 
sized, ovaL Slrin thin^ and so transparent that the seeds 
can be seen through it ; yellowish white, and with a thin 
bloom. Flesh tender,, very juicy, and sweet. An excel- 
lent early grape. The wood is very short-jointed, and the 
vine forms a small bush ; it is well suited for pot culture. 

Mr. Rivers introduced this variety, expecting it to be 
a Muscat ; but when it fruited it was found not to be so, 
and he, therefore, adopted the present name. 

White Swbetwatbb (Stillward*s Sweetwater; Dutch 
Sweetwater; Perle Blanche), — Bunches rather above 
medium size, shouldered, and very loose, containing many 
badly-developed berries. Berries large and round. Skin 
thin and transparent, exhibiting the veins of the flesh ; 
white, and covered with a thin bloom, and when highly 
ripened streaked with traces of russet. Flesh tender, 
v«ry juicy, sweet, and with a fine deb'cate flavour. 

A well-known and excellent early grape, whose greatest 
fault is the irregularity with which its bunches are set. 
There is another Sweetwater, called, by the Dutch, Water' 
^Boet WUte, which is a very inferior variety to this. 

White Tokl/lt. — Bunches rather large and compact, 
from nine inches to a foot long, and broad-shouldered. 
Berries large and oval. Skm thin, pale coloured, but 
assuming an amber colour at maturity. Flesh tender 
and juicy, with a rich flavour. This, in the size of the 
bunch and form and size of the berries, resembles Muscat 
of Alexandria ; but the bunches are much more compact, 



120 GBAPES. 

and the fruit lias not the BligLtest trace of the Muscat 
flavour. 

Wilmot's Hamburgh. See Dutch JEEamhurgh. 
Worksop Manor. See Black Damascus. 
Za.nie. See Black Corinth, 



LIST OF SELECT GEAPES. 



For small establishments those marked * should he chosen. 



I. FOR WALLS IN THE OPEN AIR. 

Muscats. ♦Early Malingre 

♦Early Black Muscat Early White Malrasia 

£arly Saumur Muscat ♦Esperione 

July Muscat *Miller'8 Burgundy 

♦Muscat St. Laurent Fitmaston White Cluster 

■KT X -tr X Purple Fontainbleaa 

iNot Muscats. ."d™! Tur^^^^Air.^ 

Black July ^^*^ Muscadme 

IL FOR COOL VINERIES. 

Muscais. Not Muscats. 

Black Frontignan ♦Black Champion 

Chasselas Musque ♦Black Hamburgh 

♦Early Black Muscat Black Prince 

Farly Saumur Muscat ♦Chasselas Yibert 

July Muscat Early White Malvasia 

♦Madeira Muscat ♦ Golden Hamburgh 

♦Muscat St. Laurent Pitmaston Wliite Cluster 

♦Royal Muscadine 
♦White Remain 



HL FOR POTS IN ORCHARD-HOUSES. 

Muscats. ♦ Cambridge Botanic Garden 

August Muscat ♦Chasselas Yibert 

Early Saumur Muscat ♦Esperione 

♦July Muscat Early W^i^^ Malvasia 

♦Muscat St. Laurent Prolific Sweetwater 

♦Sarbelle Muscat ♦Purple Fontainbleau 

xr X -Mj- J ♦Roval Muscadine 

Chapti'""^"- -White Eomain 



GSAFB8. 



121 



IV. FOR FOKOINa 

Muscais, 
^Chasselas Musqu^ 

Muscat Hamburgh 

Purple Constantia 

Bed Frontignan 
♦White Frontignan 

If^ot Muscats, 
Black Champion 



FOR EARLY CROPS. 

♦Black Hamburgh 

Black Prince 
♦Early Cbaseelas 

Golden Hamburgh 
♦Royal Muscadine 
♦Trentham Black 

White Sweetwater 



V. FOR FOROINa FOR LATE CROPS, 



Muscats, 
Bowood Muscat 
Canon Hall Muscat 
♦Muscat of Alexandria 

Not Muscats, 
♦Barbarossa 



Black Damascus 
Kempsey Alicante 

♦Lady Downe's Seedling 

♦Trebbiano 

♦West's St. Peter'i 



The following was accidentally omitted in the alphaheticat 
arrangementm 

Fbaneenthal {Black Tripoli; Merrick's Victoria; 
JPope Hamhurah ; Victoria Hamburgh), — Bunches large 
and heavily shouldered. Berries roundish, frequently 
oblate and rarelj roundish-oyal, sometimes hammered 
and scarred as m the Dutch Hamburgh, Skin thick, 
adhering to the flesh, deep black pur^e, covered with 
bloom. Flesh firm, and often forming a noUow cell round 
the seeds, juicy, sugary, sprightly and richly flavoured. 

This is very frequently met with in gardens under the 
name of Black Hamburgh, from which it is easily dis- 
tingj^ished by its round, frequently oblate, and hammered 
berHes. 



122 



MEDLARS. 

Broad-leaved Dutch. See Dutch, 

Dutch {Broad-Ucmed Dutch ; Gros Fruit ; Ghos Fruit 
Monstrueux; Large Dutch), — This is by far the hu*gest 
and most generally grown of the cnltivated medlars, llie 
fruit is frequently two inches and a half in diameter, and 
very much flattened. The eye is very open, wide, and 
unequally rent, extending in some instances even to the 
margin of outline of the fruit. It is of excellent flavour, 
but, in iJiat respect* inferior to the following. The young 
shoots are smooth. 

Groa Fruit. See Dutch, 

Gros Fruit Monstrueux. See Dutch. 

Large Dutch. See Dutch, 

Narrow-leaved Dutch. See Nottingham. 

"NoTTiTSiQiUL'u. (Narrow-leaved Dutch; Smcdl Fruited), 
— This is considerabW smaller than the Dutch, rarely 
exceeding an inch and a half in diameter ; turbinate, and 
is more highly flavoured. The young shoots are downy. 

Sana l^oyau. See Stoneless, 

Sans Pepins. See Stoneless, 

Small Fruited. See Nottingham. 

Stonelbss (Sans Noyau ; Sa/iis Pepins), — In shape this 
reaembles the Nottingham ; but it rarely exceeds three 
quarters of inch in diameter. The eye is smaller and less 
.rent than in the other varieties. It is quite destitute of 
seeds, and woody core ; but the flavour, though good, is 
inferior to that of the others, being less piquant. 




193 



MULBERRIES. 

The only variety cultivated in this countiT for its fmit 
is the Black Mulbebby {Moms nkfra), and it is only in 
the southern counties where it attains perfection. In the 
midlands it ripens its fruit when trained against a wall ; 
but it is doubtful whether the crop so obtained is suffi- 
cient remuneratioi^ for the space the tree oecupiesi. 







124i 



NECTARINES. 

5YN0PSIS OF NECTARINES. 

t 

.' I. FBES8TONE8. 

Flesh separating from the stone. 

* Leaves without glands. 

JL. Ttowers large. b. Flowers smalL 

Bowden Hunt's Tawny 

Hardwioke Seedling 

** Leaves with round glands, 

A. Mowers large. B. Flowers small. 

Pitmaston Orange Boston. 

«% Leaves with kidney/shaped glands. 

A. Flowers large. Due du Telliers 
Fairchild's Early Elruge 
Kiyers' Orange Imp^ratrice 
Stanwick Late Melting 
White Murrey 

Oldenburg 

B. Flowers small. Peterborough 
Balgowan Violette Grosse 
Downton Violette HdtiTC 

II. CLINk^STONES. 
Flesh adhering closely to the stone. . i . . 

f Leaves without glands, 

A. Mowers large. B. Flowers small. 

Early Newington Kone 

Old Newington 

+t Leaves with kidnei/shajped glands, 

A. Flowers large, b. Flowers small, 

Boman Golden 



Anderdon's. See Old Newington, 

Aromatic. See Violette Hdtive. 

Balgowan (Balgon€),'-FTuxt very large, rouncliuh, in^ 



NECTABINES. 125 

dining to ovate. Skin pale green, mottled with red on 
the shaded side ; but entirely covered with deep, bright 
red on the side next the sun. Elesh with a ^eenish tinge, 
veined with red at the stone, melting, very rich, and highly 
flavoured. Flowers small. Glan£ kidney-shaped. 

A very excellent variety, nearly allied to Violette 
Hative, but is much hardier and a more vigorous grower 
than that variety. It ripens in the end of August and 
beginning of September. 

Black. See Early Newington, 

Black Murrey. See Murrey, 

Boston {Lewis* ; Perkins Seedling), — Fruit very large« 
roundish oval. Skin bright yellow on the shaded sideit 
and deep red on the side next the sun. Flesh yellow, 
without any red at the stone, with an agreeable, but not 
rich, flavour. Flowers small. Glands round. 

Bemarkable only for the size and beauty of the fruit, 
which ripens in the middle of September ; and requires a 
warm season to bring it to maturity. It is an Americau 
variety. 

BowDEN. — This is a very large variety, of a round 
shape. Skin greenish on the shaded side, dark red next 
the sun, and with a disposition to be russety. The flesh 
is melting, rich, and sugary, with a slightly astringent 
flavour. Glands none. Flowers large. Bipe in August. 

The tree is a very dwarf and compact grower. 

Brinion. See Violette JSdtive. 
Brugnon Musqu^. See It&man. 
Brugnon Bed-at-stone. See l^olette Hative. 
Claremont. See Elruge, 

DowNTON.— Fruit rather larger than Violette Hative, 
roundish oval. Skin pale green in the shade, but deep 
red next the sun. Flesh pale green, reddish at the stone, 
melting, j^cy, and richly flavoured. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Flowers small. 

A flrst-rate variety, ripe in the end of August and be- 
ginning of September. The tree is a vigorous grower, 
and an excellent bearer. It was raised by Mr. Xnight 
from the Elruge and Violette H&tive. 

Due DU Telliebs (Ditc de Tello; Dutillys), — This 
variety bears a close resemblance to Elruge, with which 
it is, by some, considered synonymous. It iS, no doubt. 



126 KSCTABINBS. 

another form of ihat variety, and differs only in the 
greater hardiness and vigour of the tree. Glands kidney* 
shaped. Flowers small. 

Early Black. See Early Netoington, 

Eably Nbwington {Slack; Early Blachs lAicomh^9 
Black; Lucomhes Seedling; New Dark Newington), — 
Frnit large, roundish ovate, enlarged on one side of the 
suture ; apex ending in a swollen point. Skin pale green 
in the shade, but bright red, marbled with deeper red 
next the sun, covered with a thin bloom. Flesh greenish- 
white, very red next the stone, to which it adheres ; rich, 
sugary, vinous, and very excellent. Earlier and much 
ridier than the Old Newington. Flowers large. Glands 
none. Ripens early in September. 

Early Violet. See Violette Hdtive, 

Elbugb (Claremont; Oatlands; Springrove; Temple). 
— Fruit medium sized, roundish oval. Skin pale greeniidx 
in the shade, deep red next the sun, interspersed with 
dark brownish russet specks. Flesh pale green, reddish to- 
wards the stone, melting, juicy, and richly flavoured. Stone 
oval and rough. Flowers small. Glands kidney -shaped. 
Bipens in the end of August and beginning of Septemoer. 

This is one of the verv best nectarines. The tree iB 
an excellent bearer, and forces well. 

Emmerton's White. See White. 

Faiechild's. — Fruit small, round, slightly flattened 
at the top. Skin yellowish-green, bright red next the 
sun. Flesh yellow to the stone, dry, and sweet. Stone 
nearly smooth. Flowers large. Glands kidney-shaped. 
Eipens in the beginning and middle of August; but it is 
of little merit, its only recommendation being its earliness. 

Flanders. See White. 

French Newington. See Old Newington. 

Golden (Orange). — Fruit medium sized, roundish- 
ovate. Skin fine waxen yellow in the shade, and bright 
scarlet, streaked with red, where exposed. Flesh yellow, 
adhering to the stone, juicy, and sweet. Flowers smalL 
Glands kidney-shaped. Early in September. 

Grosse Violette H&tive. See Violette Gh'osse. 

Hampton Court. See Violette JECdtive. 

Habdwiceb Sbbpling. — Fruit very large, alxnoat 



Tomnd, and sometimes inclining to oval. Skin pale green, 
on the shaded side, entirely covered with dark pnrplish- 
red next the son. Flesh greenish, with a tinge of red 
next the stone, melting, juicy, rich, and highly myoored. 
Glands none. Flowers Large. Sipens in the middle and 
end of August. 

This was raised from Hie Elroge vt Hardwicke House, 
near Bury St. Edmunds, and is cme of the hardiest and 
most prolific of nectarines. 

Hunt's Tawny (Hunt's Early Tavmy). — Fruit rather 
below medium size, roundish-ovate, narrow towards the 
top, compressed on the sides, enlarged on one side of the 
suture. Skin pale orange, deep red next the sun, spotted 
with russety specks. Flesh deep orange, rich, and juicy. 
Tree hardy and prolific. Flowers smalL Glands none. 
Eipens in the middle and end of August. 

Impebatsice. — In size and appearance this has a con- 
siderable resemblance to Yiolette Hative ; but the flesh 
is not so red at the stone as in that variety. It is yqtj 
richly flavoured, and when allowed to bang till it shrivels 
— a property which few of the Freestone Nectarines 
possess — ^it becomes quite a sweetmeat. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Flowers small. Eipens in i}he beginning of 
September. The tree is hardy, and an excellent bearer. 

Large Scarlet. See Violette JSdtive. 

Large White. See White, 

Late Green. See Peterhorouffh. 

Late Melting. — This appears to be a variety of Peter- 
borough, but the fruit is double the size. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Flowers small. 

This is a very late variety, and is well worth growing 
in large collections when it is desired to extend the sea- 
son of this kind of fruit. 

Lewis. See Boston. 

Lord Selsey's Elruge. See Violette Sdtvoeu 

Lu^ombe's Black. See Early Newington. 

Lucombe's Seedling. See Early Nevxingion, 

MirBBEY {Black Murrey). — Eruit medium sizedj 
roundish-ovate, enlarged on one side of the suture. Skin 
pale green on tixe ^aded side, and daik red next the 
SiUU Flesh gveenkh-white, melting, and richly flavoiiffed. 



128 17XCTABINES. 

Stone nearly smooth. Glands kidney-shaped. Flowers 
small. 

An excellent variety, ripe in the end of August. Trei 
hardy, and a good bearer. 

Neat's White. See White. 

I New Dark Newington. See JEarly Netoington. 

I New Scarlet. See Violette Hdtive, . x 

] North's Large. See Old Newington. 

' Oatlands. See Eh^ge, 

Oldenbubg.— Fruit medium sized, ovate. Skin pale 
yellow on the shaded side, but very much covered with 
veiy dark red on the side next the sun. Flesh yellowish- 
white throughout, and without any trace of rea next Uie 
stone, very melting and luicy, with a rich, sugary, and 
vinous flavour. Glands kidney-shaped. Flowers small. 
Bipens in the end of Septemoer, and hangs well till it 
shrivels, when it is very rich. 

Old Newington (Anderdon's ; French Netoingtons 
North* 8 Large; Rough Roman: Scarlet Netoington; 
Smith* 8 Newington ; Sion Hill). — Fruit rather lar^e, 
roundish. Skin pale next the wall, bright red next tne 
sun. Flesh pale yellow, red at the stone, to which it 
adheres, ruicy, sweet, rich, and vinous. Stone small and 
rough. Flowers large. Glands none. Bipens in the 
middle of September. 

Old Eoman. See Roman. 

Orange. See Golden. 

Perkins' Seedling. See Boston. 

Petebbobough {Late Green; VermasK). — Fruit me- 
dium sized, round. Skin green, with a very faint dull red 
next the sun. Flesh greenish-white to the stone, juicy, 
but nothing very remarkable except as being the latest 
nectarine known. Flowers small. Glands kidney ^shaped. 
Bipens in October. 

PiTMASTON Obange {Williams* Orange: Williams* 
Seedling). — Fruit large, roundish-ovate, narrow towards 
the top, which ends in an acute swollen point. Skin rich 
orange, brownish-red next the sun, streaked where the 
two colours blend. Flesh deep yellow, red at the stone* 
juicy, rich, and excellent. Stone small, sharp-pointed, 
and very rough. Flowers large. Glands round. Bipens 



NECTARINES. 129 

in the end of August and beginning of September. Tree 
an excellent bearer. 

Eed Soman. See Boman. 

RiVEBs* Obange. — This is a seedling raised from Pit- 
maston Orange, and differs from its parent in having 
kidney-shaped instead of round glands. The fruit ia 
similar to that of Pitmaston Orange, and very richly 
flavoured; and the tree, in Mr. Bivers* estimation, ia 
more robust in its habit, bears, perhaps, more profusely, 
and is hardier than that variety. 

Roman (Brugnon MusquS ; Brtignon Violette Musqiie ; 
Old Roman: Bed Roman), — JFruit large, roundish, 
flattened at the top. Skin greenish-yellow, brown muddy 
red, and rough with russely specks next the sun. Flesh, 
greenish-yellow, deep red at the stone, to which it 
adheres, rich, juicy, and with a highly vinous flavour, 
particularly when allowed to hang till it shrivels. 
Flowers large. Glands kidney-shaped. Beginning of 
September. 

In many collections Violette Hative and Elruge are 
grown for this variety ; but from both of these it is readily 
distinguished by its flowers, which are large. 

Rough Roman. See Old Newington, 

Scarlet. See Old Netoingtoyt. 

Sion Hill. See Old Newington. 

Smith's Newington. See Old Newington* 

Springrove. See Elruge. 

Stanwick. — Fruit large, roundish oval. Skin pale 
lively green where shaded, and purplish-red where ex- 
posed to the sun. Flesh white, melting, rich, sugary, 
and most delicious. Kernel sweet, like that of the sweet 
almond. Glands kidney-shaped. Flowers large. Ripe 
the middle and end of September. 

The fruit is very apt to crack, and requires to be grown 
under glass. Hitherto it has generally failed to ripen 
tiioroughly against walls in the open air, except in one 
or two instances, with which I am acquainted, where 
grown in a light sandy soil and a good exposure, it then 
ripened thoroughly without cracking. 

Temple. See Elruge, 

Yermash. See Peterborough, 



130 ITECTABIKXS. 

Tiobt. See Violette JSdtive. 

Violette de Gourson. See Violette Orosse, 

ViOLETTB Gbossb {Gfrosse Violette J3[dtive; Violette de 
Courson). — ^Emit larger than Violette Hd.tiye. 6kin*pale 

f'een, marbled with violet-red. Flesh leas Tinous than 
iolette native, but an excellent fruit. Flowers small. 
Glands kidney-shaped. Early in September. 

ViOLBTTB Hativb {Aromatic ! Early Britgnon; Early 
Violets Hampton Court; Large Scarlets Lord Selsey's 
Elruge s New Scarlet ; Violet; Violette Musgui), — Fruit 
large, roundish-oyate. Skin yellowish-green m the shade, 
dark purplish-red, mottled with brown, next the sun. 
Flesh yellowish-green, deep red next the stone, rich, sweet, 
and ymous. Stone rounaish, deep reddish-brown, and 
deeply furrowed. Flowers small. Glands kidney-shaped. 
Bipens in the end of August and beginning of September. 

Violette Musqu^. See Violette Wltive, 

White (Emmertoris White ; Flanders ; Large White ; 
Neat* 8 Whites New Whites White Cowdrav), — Fruit 
large, nearly round. Skin white, with a slignt tinge of 
red next the sun. Flesh white throughout, very iuicy, 
with a rich vinous flavour. Stone small. Flowers large. 
Glands kidney-shaped. Eipens in the end of August and 
beginning of September. ^ 

White Cowdray. See White. 

Williams* Orange. See Pitmagton Orange. 

Williams' Seedling. See Pitmaston Orange* 



LIST OF SELECT NECTAEINES. 



Those marked * are suitable Jbr small collections. 



* 



Balgowan Pitmaston Oran.^a 

Downton ♦Rivers' Orange 

Early Nowington ♦Bomaii 
*Elrugo Stan wick 

♦Hardwicke Seedling Violette Hative 

Oldenburg *White 



131 



NUTS AriD FILBERTS. 

SYNOPSIS OF NUTS. 

I. NFTS.-— TAc husk shorter than, or as long as, the Nut^ 

Bond Downton Square 

Cob Pearson's Prolific 

Cosford 

II. YlLBBBTS.-^JTf^Jb longer than the Nut 

IVizzled Bed 

Lambert White 

Purple 



BoKD Nut.— Husk hairy, shorter than the nut. Nut 
of medium size/ ovate and oblong. Shell thin. Xernel 
large. 

This is an excellent nut, and the tree is a good bearer. 

Cape Nut. See Frizzled Filbert, 

Cob (Round Cob). — Husk hairy, shorter than the niit, 
and much frizzled. Nut large, obtusely ovate. Shell of 
a light brown colour, rather thick. Kernel large. 

A good nut for early use, but does not keep well. 

CosFOBD (Miss Young* s ; Thin-shelled). — Husk hairy^ 
as long as the nut, and deeply cut. Nut large, oblong. 
Shell of a light brown colour, very thin, so' much so as to 
be easily broken between the finger and thumb. Kernel 
large, and well -^flavoured. 

An excellent early nut, and the tree is an abtmdant 
bearer. 

DowNTON Squabe. — Husk smooth, shorter than the 
nut. Nut large, short, four-sided. Shell thidc. Kernel 
full, and weU flavoured. 

Dwarf Prolific. See Pearson's ProUJic, 

Filbert Cob. See Lambert Filbert, 

Feizzled Filbebt (Frizzled Nut; Caj>e JVw^).— Husk 
hairy, twice as lon^' as the nut, deeply ft*ifzaled, and spread- 



.132 NUTS AKD riLBBBTS. 

ing open at the mouth. Nut small, oblong, and flattened. 
Shell thick. Kernel full. 

This is rather a late Tariety. The tree is an excellent 
bearer, and the nuts are produced in clusters. 

Kentish Cob. See Lambert Filbert. 

Lambebt Fiibeet {Kentish Cob; Filbert Cob). — Husk 
nearly smooth, longer than the nut, and very slightly cut 
round the margin. Nut large, oblong, and somewhat 
compressed. Shell pretty thick, of a brown colour. 
Kernel fuU, and very richly flavoured. 

This is, perhaps, the best of all the nuts. The tree is 
a most abundant bearer ; some of the nuts are upwards 
of an inch in length, and they have, with care, been kept 
for four years. It is only after being kept for some time 
that their full richness of flavour is obtained. 

Miss Young's. See Cosford, 

Nottingham Prolific. See Pearsorts Prolific, 

Pearson's Peolific {Dwarf Prolific; Nottingham 
Prolific). — Husk hairy, shorter than the nut. Nut me- 
dium sized, and smaller than the Cob ; obtusely ovate. 
Shell rather thick. Kernel full. 

A very excellent variety. The trees are most abun- 
dant bearers, and I have seen them not more than two 
feet and a half high laden with fruit. 

Pubple Filbeet (Purple -leaved). — This differs from 
the Red Filbert in having the leaves of a dark blood-red 
colour, like those of the Purple Beech. The fruit is 
Bimilar to, and quite as good as, that of the Bed Filbert, 
and is of a deep purple colour. It is, therefore, not only 
valuable as an ornamental shrub, bat produces excellent 
fruit. 

Red Filbbbt (Bed Hazel), — Husk hairy, longer than 
the nut. Nut of medium size, ovate. Shell thick. Kernel 
full, covered with a red skin. 

Round Cob. See Coh, 

Thin-shelled. See Cosford. 

White Filbbbt (Wrotham ParA?).— Husk haiiy, longer 
than the nut, round the apex of which it is contracted. 
Nut medium sized, ovate. Shell thick. Kernel full, 
and covered with a white skin. 

Wrotham Park. See WhiU Filbert. 



133 



PEACHES. 

SYNOPSIS OF PEACHES. 

I. FBEESTONES. 
Flesh separating freely from the stone. 

* Leaves without glands, 

A. Flowers large. Bed Magdalene 

Early Anne Sulhamstcad 

Early Savoy Vanguard 

Early York White Magdalene 

Hemskerk White Kutmeg 
Malta 

Montaubon B. Flowers small, 

Koblesse Early Tillotson 

Princesse Marie Eoyal Charlotte 

Pucelle de Malines Koyal George 

** Leaves with round glands. 

A. Flowers large, Bellegarde 
Abec Boudin 

Acton Scot Cooled ge's FaTOurite 

Barrington Crawford's Early 

Belle Beauce Besse Tardive 

Early Admirable George the Fourth 

Early Grosse Mignonne Gregory's Late 

Grosse Mignonne Incomparable en Benut^ 

HAtive de Ferrieres Late Admirable 

Leopold the First Morrisania 

Mountaineer Kivette 

Springrove Teton de Venus 

Violette H&tive 

B. Flowers small. Walburton Admirable 
American Newiugton Yellow Alberge 
Belle de Dou^ 

if*^ Leaves with hidney-shaped glands, 

A. Flowers large. Bed Nutmeg 

Early Purple Shanghai 

Flat Peach of China Yellow Admirable 
Prince Eugene 



134 FEACHBS. 

:)(.*# Leaves with kidney-shaped glands. 

B. Flowers smalL Beine des Vergers 

Belle Chev reuse Kosanna 

Belle cle la Croix • Sal way 

Chancellor Small Mignonuo 

II. CLTWaSTONES. 

Flesh adhering closely to the stone. 

+ Leaves without glands. 
A. Flowers large. 
Early Newington Old Newington 

tt Leaves with kidney -shaped glands, 

A. Flowers large. B. Flowers small, 

Pavie de Pompone Catherine 

Incomparable 



Abec. — Fruit of medium size and roundish, pitted^ afc 
the apex, one side of which is higher than the other, and 
with a shallow suture, which is also higher on one side. 
Skin remarkably thin and tender, of a lemon-yellow colour, 
with crimson dots on the shaded side, but covered with a 
f»rimson cheek and darker dots of the same colour on the 
side exposed to the sun. Flesh white, with a very slight 
tinge of red next the stone, from which it separates 
very freely ; remarkably tender and mcltinjij, sweet, and 
with somewhat of a strawberry flavour. Glands round. 
Flowers large. 

This is a very fine and early peach. It ripens in the 
third week of August. 

Abricot^e. See Yellow Admirable. 

Acton Scot. — Fruit small, narrow, and depressed at 
the top. Skin pale yellowish-white, marbled with bright 
red next the sun. Suture well marked. Flesh pale 
throughout, melting, rich, and sugary. Flowers large. 
Glands round. End of August. A delicious little peach. 

Admirable. See Early Admirable. 

Alberge Jaune. See Yelloiv Alberge. 

American Newington (Early Neioingion Freestohe). 
— Fruit largo, round, and marked with a suture, which is 



lii^her on one side. Skin yellowiBh-wliifce, dbtted with 
rea in the shade, and* bright red next ito san. Flesh' 
white, red at the stone, to which some stcings adhere ; 
juicy, rioh, and vinous. Glands rounds Flowers small. 
jRipe in the end of 'Augn^. 

Anne. See Early Anne. 

Avant. See Grone JUiBgnonne. 

Avant Blanche. See White NiUmeg. 

Avant P^che de Troyes. ^ee Red H^utmeg. 

Avaut Bouge. See Bed Nutmeg. 

Baeeington {Buckingham Mignonne; Colonel Ansleg's), 
— ^Fruit lai^e, roundish-ovate. Skin downy, yellowish- 
green, marbled with red next the sun. Suture well de- 
nned. Flesh yellowish,. slightly tinged with red at the 
stone, rich, vinous, and of first-rate quality. Flowers, 
large. Glands round. Middle of September. 

The tree is very hardy, vigorous, and a good bearer. 
This is one of the best mid-season peaches, and bears 
carriage well. 

Belle Beaucb. — ^This is a variety of Grosse Mignonne^ 
but considerably larger,, and ripens from ten to fourteen 
days later. Glands round. Flowers large. Eipens in 
the middle of September. 

Belle CHEVEEUSE(^ar/'^ Chevreitse). — ^Fruit elongated, 
with rarely a nipple on, the* summit. Skin unusually 
downy, yellowish, except next the sun, where it is fiesh- 
coloured and marbled with dark red. Suture distinct. 
Flesh whitish-yellow, tinged with red under, the skin 
next the sun, and marbled with rose colour at the 
stone, sweet, and juicy. Flowers small. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Beginning of September. 

Belle db. la. Csoix, — This is a new peach raised at 
Bordeaux eight or ten years ago, and introduced to this 
countscy by Mir. Eivers. It is large and round. The 
flesh is very sweet and richly flavoured, equal to the 
Early YorJcl Glands kidney-shaped. Flowers- small. 
Eipens in the end of August and beginning of September. 
The tree is hardj' and a robust grower. 

Bbllbdb Doui (Belle de Douai). — This is a fine, large, 
melting peach, an early variety of Bellegarde. It is of 
first-rate quality, wini a vinous and richly-flavoured 
flesh which separates ^ely^ from the stone. Glands 



136 PEACHES. 

round. Plowers small. Eipens in the last week of 
August and beginning of September. 

Belle de Paris. See Malta, 

Bellegabde (Qalande; French Oalande; Noire de 
Montreuil; Ranalds* Brentford Mignonne). — Fruit round, 
slightly compressed and hollow at the summit, with a 
small projecting nipple. Skin deep red all over, striated 
witli dark purple, so much so as to be almost black. Suture 
shallow. Flesh pale yellow, slightly red at the stone, 
rich, vinous, and juicy ; healthy and a prolific bearer. 
Flowers small. Glands round. Beginning and middle 
of September. 

This is a very excellent peach, and the tree is a good 
bearer. 

BouDiN {La Roy ale ; Narhonne). — Fruit large, nearly 
round, sometimes terminated by a very slight nipple. Skin 
greenish-white, reddish next the sun, covered with very 
fine down. Suture deep. Flesh whitish-yellow, deep 
red round the stone, very rich, sugary, and vinous. Stone 
small and turgid. Is produced from seed. Flowers small. 
Glands round. Beginning of September, 

Brentford Mignonne. See Bellegarde, 

Brown Nutmeg. See Red Nuttneg, 

Buckingham Mignonne, See Barrington. 

De Burai. See Yellow Admirable, 

Catheeinb. — ^Fruit large, roundish, elongated, swollen 
on one side of the suture, and terminated by a small 
nipple. Skin yellowish-green, dotted with bright red in 
the shade, bright red striated with darker red next the 
sun. Flesh adhering to the stone, firm, yellowish-white, 
dark red at the stone, juicy, rich, and excellent. Bequires 
heat to bring it to full perfection. Flowers small. Glands 
kidney-shaped. September and October. 

Chancelloe (Edgar s Late Melting ; Late Chancellor ; 
Noisette; Steward* s Late Galande), — Fruit large, oval. 

Sale yellow, dark crimson next the sun. Suture well 
efined. Flesh free, pale yellow, very deep red at the 
stone, sugary, rich, ana vinous. Stone oblong. Flowers 
small. Glands kidney-shaped. Middle of September. 

China Peach. See Flat Peach qf China. 

Colonel Ansley's. See Barrington, 



PBACHSS, 137 

Cooledge'sFavoueitb. — Pruit medium sized, roundish, 
witli a well-defined suture, whieli is most marked towards 
the apex, and rather higher on one side 'than the other. 
Skin white, covered with crimson dots, and with a crim- 
son cheek on the side next the sun. Flesh very tender 
and melting, separating freely from the stone, juicy and 
sweet, and with a fine delicate flavour. Glands round. 
Flowers small. This is a very fine peach. iEipens in the 
last week in August. 

Ceawfobd's Eaely (Cratvford*8 JSarlv Malecoton). — 
Fruit very large, of a roundish and slightly oblate shape, 
depressed at the crown, from which issues a rather 
shallow suture, much higher on one side than the other. 
Skin thin, of a deep lemon colour, but on the side next 
the sun it has a readish-orange blush, strewed with nu- 
merous, distinct, dark crimson dots. Flesh yellow, red- 
dish at the stone, from which it separates n-eely ; very 
tender and melting, remarkably succulent, with a deli- 
cious saccharine and vinous juice. Glands round. Flowers 
small. End of August and beginning of September. 

This is a very large and most delicious peach, with a 
yellow flesh like an apricot, and is deserving of very 
extensive cultivation. 

Desse Taedive. — Fruit large, round, flat at the top 
and marked with a deep suture at the stalk. Skin of a 
very pale colour, covered on the shaded side with minute 
red dots, and a light tinge of red next the sun. Flesh 
pale greenish-white, with a faint rosy tinge next the 
stone, melting, very juicy, sweet, richly flavoured, and 
vinous. Glands rouna. Flowers small. !Eipe in the end 
of September and beginning of October. 

This is one of the very best late peaches. There is a 
Desse Hdtive quite distinct from this, which ripens in the 
middle of August, having kidney-shaped glands and large 
flowers. 

Dorsetshire. See Nivette. 

Double Montague. See Montauhon. 

Double Swalsh. See Royal George. 

Dubbele Zwolsche. See JRoyal Oeorge. 

Eaely Admibable (Admirable), — Fruit large, round- 
ish. Skin fine clear light yellow in the shade, and bright 
red next the sun. Suture distinct. Flesh white, pale 



138 PBICHBBI 

red at tlie stone, rioh> sweet, and sugary. Blowen lien^ge. 
Glands round. Beginning of September. 

Eably Anne (Anne).-—l^Tmt medium, sized, round. 
Skin white, tinged and dotted with red. next the. sun. 
Suture shallow. Flesh white to the stone, pleasant, 
but rather inolihed to be mealy, its- earliness proving 
its chief merit. Elowers large. GlandBinone. Efady ia. 
August. 

Early Chevreuse. See Belle Chevreuse* 

Ea-BLY Gbossb Miononne {Mignonne Hdtive), — ^Eruit 
medium sized, roundish, pitted at the apex> with^a.- small 
nipple on one side of it, and withi a shallow suture. The 
skm has a pale red cheek on the side exposed to the sun, 
and is thickly dotted all over with bright crimson, dots. 
The flesh is white, withyeins of red throughout, separating 
freely from the stone, sweet,, very juicy j and vinous. 
Glands round. Elowers large. 

This is a very flue peach, ripen in g in the- second week 
in August. 

Eably Newington (Smith* s Earlf/Newington), — Fruit 
medium sized, rather oval. Skin oi a pale straw colour 
on the shaded side, and streaked with purple next the 
sun. Flesh pale yellow, tinned with light red next the 
stone to which it adheres; juicy and well flavoured. 
Flowers large. Glands none. Ilipe the end of August 
and beginning of September. 

Early Newington Freestone. See American Netoington. 

Eably PuEPLB (Powrpr^c Z^a^^ve; Pout^r^e JSdtivc a 
GrrandesFleurs; Vineuse). — Fruit medium 8ized,roundi3h, 
depressed at the apex, divided on one side by a deep su- 
ture extending from the base and across the apex. Skin 
covered with a thick down, pale sulphur yellow, thinly 
dotted with red on the shaded side, and deep purplish 
red next the suii. Flesh white, separating from the 
stone, rod under the skin on the side which is exposed to 
the sun, and very deep red at the stone ; of a rich vinous 
and sugary flavour. Flowers large. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Kipe the middle and end of August. 

Early Purple Avant. See Grosse Mignonne. 

Eably Savoy {PrScoce do Savoie). — This is a variety 
of Grosse Mignonne, but more ovate in shape, and paler 
colour on the side next the sun. It is an excellent variety, 



aud ripens in the 'end'of'^gust. Glands none. Mbwen 
large. 

Easly Tillotson. — ^Very like EoyaV Gfeorge. 

Early Yobs. — Emit mediuni'sieed^ roundiflh, iholining; 
to ovate ; marked on one aide^ mth at shallow suture. 
Skin very. thin>. delicate* greenishf whiter dotted, with red ' 
in the shade, but dark red next the sun.. Elesh greenish 
white, melting, very juicy,. vinous, and richly flavoured. 
Glands none. Flowers large. Eipe in the beginning and 
middle of August. 

One of the beat eaidy peaches*^ 

Early Vineyard. See Orosse Mignonne.. 
Edgar's Late Meltings See Chancellor ». 
English Galande. See Violeite Sdiive^ 

Flat Pbach OF China {China Peach; Ja^aFeach),--^ 
Fruit small, so much depressed at both ends as to form & 
deep hollow on eack; in the top one is set a broad, roughs . 
and five-angled eye. Skin pale yellowish-green, motUedi 
with red next the sun. Flesh- pale yellow, free, red at- 
the stone, sweet, juicy, and noyeau flavoured; foree» 
well in pots. Middle and end of September. Flowers- 
la^e. Glands kidney-shaped. 

I believe this peach does not now exist in this country; 
all the trees having been killed by the severe frost of 
1838. 

Forster's Early. See Grosse Mignonne. 

French Galande. See Bellegarde. 

French Magdalen. See Med Magdalen. 

French Mignonne. See Grrosse Mignonne, 

Galande. See Bellegarde. 

Geoegb the Foubth.— Fruit large, round, swollen on, 
one side of the suture. Skin yellowish-white dotted with 
red, and rich dark red next tne sun, mottled with dark 
red where the two colours blend. Suture deep at the 
summit. Stalk set in &• hollow depression. Flesh pale 
yellow, rich, vinous, and juicy. Flowers smalL Glands 
round. Early in Septemoer. 

This is a very large and very excellent peach. 

Golden Fleshed. See Yellow Alberge. 
Golden M^nonne: See Yellow Alberge. 



140 PEACHES. 

Geegoby's Late. — Pruit large, ovate, and pointed. 
Skin pale green on the shaded side, and with a dark red 
cheek, like Eoyal George, on the side next the sun. Flesh 
very melting, vinous, sugary, and highly flavoured. 
Glands round. Flowers small. Bipe in the end of 
September, or beginning of October. 

This is an exceUent late melting peach, somewhat later 
than Late Admirable. 

Griffith's Mignonne. See Itoyal George* 

Grimwood's Boyal Charlotte. See Itoyal Charlotte. 

Grimwood's Royal George. See Grosse Mignonne. 

Grosse Jaune. See Yellow Admirable, 

Grosse Malecoton. See Pavie de JPomjpone. 

Grosse Mignonne (Avant; Early Purple Avant ; 
Early Vineyard; Forsters Early; French Mignonne; 
Gfrimwood's Royal George; Johnsons Early Purple 
Avant; NeiVs Early Purple ; Padleys Early Purple ; 
Eonalds Galande; Itoyal Kensington; EoyaLSovereign ; 
Smooth-leaved Eoyal George; Superb Eoyal). — Fruit 
large, roundish, somewhat flattened, and furrowed with 
a deep suture at the top, which seems to divide it in two 
lobes. Skiu pale greenish-yellow mottled with red, and 
deep brownish-red next the sun, covered with fine soft 
down. Flesh pale yellow, red under the skin on the side 
next the sun and at the stone, rich, and delicate, vinous, 
and highly flavoured. Stone small, very rough. Flowers 
large. Glands round. August and September. 

Grosse P^che Jaune Tardive. See Yellow Admirable. 

Grosse Perseque Rouge. See Pavie de Pompone. 

Hardy Galande. See Violette Hdtive. 

HItive de Feebieees.— Fruit medium sized, roundish, 
marked with a shallow suture, which is higher on one 
side than the other. Skin white, almost entirely covered 
with bright red. Flesh white, with a slight tinge of red 
at the stone, melting and juicy, with a rich vinous flavour. 
Glands round. Flowers large. Ripens in the beginning 
of September. 

Hemseebk. — Fruit medium sized. Skin yellowish- 
green, spotted with scarlet, bright red mottled with darker 
red next the sun. Flesh greenish-yellow throughout, rich 
and delicious. Stone small, and smoother than any other 



PEACHES. 141 

Seach. A good bearer. Flowers large. Glands none. 
Lipens in the end of August. 

Hofimann's. See Morrisania, 

Incompaeable. — Very similar to the Catherine, but 
not so good. Flesh clingstone. Flowers small. Glands 
kidney-shaped. 

Incompaeable en Beaute. — Fruit large, round, and 
depressed at both ends. Skin pale yellowish-creen in the 
shade, but streaked with crimson and covered with deep 
brownish-red next the stm. Flesh white, dark red at the 
stone, melting and juicy, vinous, and with a somewhat 
musky flavour. A very showy fruit, but is not of first- 
rate quality. Flowers small. Glands round. Middle of 
September. 

Italian. See Malta. 

J&YSi Peach. See J^lat Peach of China. 

Johnson's Early Purple Avant. See Grosse Migrumne, 

Judd*s Melting. See Late Admirable. 

Kew Early Purple, ^ee Boyal Charlotte. 

Late Admibable (Judd^s Melting ; Motteux* Seedling), 
— Fruit very large, elongated, terminated with an acute 
swollen nipple. Skin yellowish-green, pale red and 
marbled and striped with deep red next the sxm. Suture 
deep. Flesh greenish-white, with red veins at the stone, 
delicate, juicy, rich, and vinous. Flowers small. Glands 
round. Middle and end of September, 

One of the best late peaches. 

Late Chancellor. See Chancellor. 

Leopold the Fiest. — Fruit very large, round, pitted 
at the apex, and marked with a distinct suture on one 
side. Skin pale yellow, tinged with red, and very slightly, 
or not at all, washed wim red next the sxm. Flesh 
tender, very melting, vinous, and perfumed. Glands 
round. Flowers large. Bipens in the middle of October. 

Lockyer's Mignonne. See Boyal Oeorge. 
Lord Fauconberg's. See Boyal Charlotte. 
Lord Montague's. See Noblesse. 
Lord Nelson's. See JEtoyal Charlotte. 
Madeleine Blanche. See White Magdalen* 



«142 B£AOHES. 

Madeleine de Coursou. See Med MagdeUen. 

Madeleine Ilouge, See Eed Magdalen. 

Madeleine Eouge a Petites iFleurs. See Boyal George, 

Malta (Belle de Paris ; Italian; Malte de Normandie ; 
.Seiche de Malte), — Fruit large, roundish, flattened at the 
top. Skin greenish-yellow, blotched with dull purple 
next the sun. Suture broad and shallow. Flesh'greenish, 
light red next the stone, rich, vinous, juicy, slightly 
musky, and deliciously flavoured. Bears carriage better 
than any other peach. iPlowexs largo. Glands none. 
August and September. 

Mellish*B Favourite. See Noblesse. 

Mignonne Hative. See Early Grosse Mignonne, 

Mignonne Petite. See Small Mignonne. 

Millet's Mignonne. See Royal George. 

Monstrous Pavie of Pompone. See Pavie de Pon^pone. 

Montague. See Montauhon. 

Montague Blanche. See White Magdalen. 

MoNTAUBON (Double Montagne; Montagne). — Fruit 
medium sized, roundish, narrow at the top. Skin pale 
greenish-yellow, red, marbled with darker red next the 
sun. Suture distinct. Flesh white to the stone, rich, 
and juicy. A good bearer. Flowers large. Glands 
none. End of August. 

MoEEiSANiA (Hoffmanns; Morrisons Found). — Fruit 
very large, round. Skin dull greenish- white, and brownish- 
red next the sun. Flesh pale yellow, juicy, sugary, and 
richly flavoured. Flowers small. Glands round, Middle 
and end of September. 

Motteux* Seedling. See Late Admirable. 

Mountaineer. — Fruit large, roundish, somewhat 
pointed at the apex. Skin nearly smooth, pale yellow, 
dotted with red on the shaded side, but dark red next 
the sun. Flesh pale yellowish-green, rayed with red 
at the stone, melting, juicy, and richly -flavoured. Glands 
round. Flowers large. Early in September. 

Neil's Early Purple. See Grosse Mignovne. 

New Royal Charlotte. See Hoyal Charlotte. 

NiYETTE (JDo^'setshire; Velouiee Tardive).— TTiu*vo\\nA, 



PJSAOHES. 143 

• 

elongated, depressed at the top. Skin pale green, 'bright 
red with deep red spots next the sun, covered with a fine 
velvety down. Suture shallow. Flesh pale green, deep 
red at the stone, rich, and sugary. Flowers smijf. 
Glands round. Middle of September. 

Noblesse (Lord Montagues; Mellish's Favourite), — 
Fruit large, roundish-oblong, terminating with a small 
nipple. Skin pale yellowish-green in the shade, delicate 
red, marbled and streaked with dull red and purple next 
the sun. Flesh white, tinged with yellow, slightly veined 
with red next the stone, juicy, sweet, and very luscious. 
Tree hardy and healthy. Flowers large. Glands none. 
End of August and beginning of September. 

Noire de Montreuil. See Bellegarde, 

Noisette. See Chancellor, 

Newington. See Old Newington, 

Old Newington {Newington). — Fruit large, roundish, 
marked with a shallow suture. Skin pale yellow in the 
shade ; and fine red marked with still darker red on the 
side next the sun. Flesh yellowish- white, deep red at 
the stone, to which it adheres ; of a juicy, rich, and very 
vinous flavour. Flowers large. Glands none. Eipe the 
middle of September. 

D*Orange. See Yellow Admirable. 

Padley's Early Purple. See Grosse Mignonne. 

Pavie Camu. See JPavie de Pompone, 

Pavie Monstrueuse. See Pavie de Pompone, 

Pavie de Pompone {Gros Malecoton; Gros Pers^que 
JRouge ; Monstrous Pavie of Pomjpone; Pavie Camu; 
Pavie Monstrueux ; Pame JRouge de Pompone; Pavie 
Mouge). — Fruit immensely large and round, terminated by 
an obtuse nipple, and marked on one side with a shallow 
suture. Skin pale yellowish-white, slightly tinged with 
green on the shaded side, and of a beautiful deep red 
next the sun. Flesh yellowish-white, deep red at the 
stone, to which it adheres ; in warm seasons it is of a 
vinous, sugary, and musky flavour, but otherwise it is 
insipid. In this climate it rarely if ever attains perfec- 
tion. Flowers large. Glands kidney-shaped. Ripe the 
middle and end of October. 

Pavie Eouge. See Pavie de Pompone. 



144 PEACHES. 

Pavie Kouge de Pompone. See Pavie de Pompond* 

P6clie d*Abricot. See Yellow Admirable, 

P6clie de Malte. See Malta, 

P^che Jaune. See Yellow Alherge. 

Petite Mignonne. See Small Mignonne, 

Petite Kosanne. See Rosanna, 

Pound. See Morrisania. 

Pourpr^e Hative. See Early Purple, 

Pourpr^e Hative a Grandes Pleura. See Early Purple* 

Precoce de Savoie. See Early Savoy. 

Petnce EuGiiNE. — Fruit medium sized, roundish. Skia 
pale yellowisli-wliite, and when ripe of a pale waxen 
colour, faintly tinged with red next the sun. Plesh melt- 
ing, and somewhat deficient in flavour ; but Mr. Rivers 
says, if forced or grown in a very warm soil and situation 
it is a very excellent variety. End of August. Glands 
kidney-shaped. Flowers large. 

Pbincesse Mi-EiE. — Fruit medium sized, roundish. 
Skin yellowish-white, dotted with pale red on the shaded 
side, and dark red on the side next the sun. Flesh 
yellowish-white, rayed with red at the stone ; melting, 
juicy, rich, and vinous. Glands none. Flowers large. 
Kipens in the middle of September. 

Pucelle de Malines. — Fruit pretty large, round, and 
depressed, having a well-marked suture. Skin clear 
yellow in the shade, but lightly coloured with red next 
the sun, and marked with brown spots. Flesh yellowish- 
white, slightly marbled with red round the stone, melt- 
ing, juicy, sugary, and with a delicious perfume. Glands 
round. Flowers large. End of August and beginning 
of September. 

Purple Alberge. See Yellow Alherge* 

Red Alberge. See Yellow Alherge. 

Red Avant. See Bed Nutmeg, 

Red Magdalen (French Magdalen; Madeleine de 
Courson ; Madeleine Rouge), — Fruit rather below medium 
size, round, and flattened at the stalk. Skin pale yel- 
lowish-white in the shade, fine bright red next the sun. 
Suture deep, extending oa one side. Flesh white, veined 



7JSA.CHE6. 145 

with red at the stone, firm, rich, sugary, and vinous. 
Flowers large. Glands none. End of August and be- 
ginning of September. 

Red Nutmeg {Avcmt PSche de Troyes ; Avant JRou^e ; 
Broton Nutmeg; Red Avant). — Fruit small, roundish, 
terminated by a small round nipple. Skin pale yellow, 
bright red, marbled with dark vermilion next the sun^ 
Suture distinct. Flesh pale yellow, reddish under the 
skin on the side next the sun and at the stone, sweet and 
musky. Very early and hardy. Flowers large. Glands 
kidney -shaped. July and August. 

Valuable only for it3 earliness. 

E.EINE DES Vergebs. — This is a large, handsome peach, 
somewhat oval in shape, with a melting flesh of good 
flavour, but is apt to oecome pasty unless grown in a 
warm soil and situation. The tree is very hardy, and, 
accordmg to Mr. Rivers, succeeds admirably in pots. 
Hipens in the middle of September. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Flowers small. 

Eonalds' Brentford Mignonne. See Bellegarde, 

Honalds* Galande. See Grosse Mignonne, 

E-osi-NNi. {Petite JRosanne ; St. Laurent Jaune). — Fruit 
medium sized, roundish. Skin yellow, deep purplish 
next the sun. Flesh deep yellow at the circumference, 
and deep red at the stone ; firm, rich, sugary, and vinous. 
Tree bears well as a standard, and is very productive. 
Flowers small. Glands kidney-shaped. Middle of Sep- 
tember. 

This is venr different from Alberge Jaune, which is 
sometimes called Eosanna. 

E/Ouge Paysanne. See JRed Magdalen, 

Eoyale. See Boudin. 

EoYAL Chaelotte {Grimwood*s Boyal Charlotte; Kew 
Early Purple; Lord Fauconherg' s ; Lord Nelson* s; 
New Boyal Charlotte). — Fruit rather large, roundish- 
ovate. Skin pale white, deep red next the sun. Suture 
moderately distinct. Flesh whitish, pale red next the 
stone, juicy, rich, and vinous. Flowers small. Glands 
none. Beginning of September. 

EoTAL Geoege [Double Swalsh; Duhhele Zwolsche; 
Griffith* s Mignonne; LocJeyers Mignonne; Madeleine 
Bouge h Peiitei Fleurs; Millers Mignonne; Superb), — 

L 



l!i6 FfMCHBS; 

Fmit largei round, and depressed. Skin vefy palev 
speckled with red in the shade, marbled with deeper 
colour next the sun. Suture deep and broad at the top, 
extending round almost the whole ciroumfeareaoe of the 
fruit. Flesh pale yellowish-white, very red at the stone, 
very juicy, rich, and high flaTOured. Elowen. small. 
Glands none. August and September. 

Hoyal Kensington. See Groese Mijfnomte* 

Royal Sovereign. See Grosse Mignonne, 

St. Laurent Jaune. See JRosanna. 

Si-LWAY. — Fruit medium sized, round. Skin of a deep 
rich yellow colour. Flesh deep orange colour, very melt- 
ing, juicy, and vinous. Glands kidney-shaped. Flowers. 
small, liipe in the end of October and beginning of 
November. 

This is a very excellent late variety. The skin and 
flesh are like those of an apricot, and the latter is very 
juicy and highly flavoured. 

Sandalie Hermaphrodite. See Tdlow Admirable. 

Scandalian. See Yellow Admirable* 

Shanghai. — Fruit very large, roundish. Skin pale 
yellowish-gi*een on the shaded side, and light red next 
the sun. Flesh pale yellow, very deep red at the stone* 
to which some of the strings adhere ; melting, juicy, and 
richly flavoured. Glands kidney-shaped. Flowers large. 
Eipens in the middle of September. The tree is an ex- 
cellent bearer, and requires a very warm situation to 
ripen the fruit properly. It was introduced from China 
by Mr. Fortune. 

Small Mignonne {Petite Mignonne; Double de Troy eg), 
— Fruit small, roundish, flattened at the base, marked on 
o;ie side with a deep suture. Skin yeUowish-white in 
the shade, and bright red next the sun. Flesh white, 
pale red next the stone, melting, very juicy, rich, and 
excellent. Stone small and oblong. Glands kidney- 
shaped. Flowers small. Eipens eariy in August. 

This ripens after the Red Nutmeg, and is one of the 
best early peaches. The tree is well adapted for pot 
culture. 

Smith'sEarly Newington. ^ee Early Newington. 

Smooth-leaved Royal George. See Orosse Mignonne^ 



PSlCHMv 147 

Spsikoboyb. — Fruit medium sized* Skin pale green 
in the shade, bright red next the sun. Excellent, 
very much reeemoles Acton Sicot. Flowers large. 
Glands round. End of August and beginning of Sep- 
tember. 

Steward's Late Gttlande. See Chancellor. 

Sttlhamstead. — Fruit roundish, depressed. Skin pale 
yeUowish-green, with fine red next the sun. Flesh very 
excellent. This very much resembles the Noblesse. 
Flowers large. Glands none. End of August and be- 
ginning of September. 

Superb. See JBoyal George, 

Superb Eoyal. See Grosse Mtgnorme, 

T£ton db Vbnfs. — Fruit elongated, larger than the 
Boudin, but much paler, having out little colour next 
the sun, and pale yellowish- white in the shade, surmounted 
by a large turgid nipple. Flesh white, red at the stone, 
delicate, sugary, and. very rich. Flowers small. Glands 
round. End of September. 

T^is is quite distinct from Late Admirable. 

Vanguabd. — This is a variety of Noblesse, and so 
similar to it that the fruits cannot be distinguished the 
one from the other. The only apparent distinction is in 
the habit of the trees, which in Vanguard is much more 
robust and hardy than in the Noblesse ; and the maiden 
j»lant8 rise with a prominent leader, while the Noblesse 
makes a roundheaded bush. Glands none. Flowers 
large. 

Velout^e Tardive. See Nivette, 

ViOLBTTB HiTiVB (English Galande; Sardy Galande), 
—This is evidently a variety of Bellegarde or French 
Galande, but is not so large in the fruit, and of a paler 
ooloTU*, although it also is of dark red colour next the sun. 
It may readily be distinguished by nurserymen, as it 
grows freely on the Muscle, while the Bellegarde requires 
the Pear-Plum or Brompton stock. It is a large and 
very excellent peach, ripening in the middle of Septem- 
ber. Glands round. Flowers small. 

Walbfbtok Admieable. — Fruit large and round. 
Skin pale yellowish-green on the shaded side, and crim- 
son, mottled with a darker colour, next the sun. Flesh 
y^lowish-white, melting, juicy, rich, and highly flavoured. 



148 PSACHES. 

Glands round. Plowers small. Eipens in the end of 
September and beginning of October. 

This is one of the best late peaches, and the tree is 
yery hardy and a good bearer. 

White Avant. See White Nutmeg, 

White Magdalene (Madaleine Blanche; Montague 
Blanche), — Fruit medium sized, roundish, flattened at 
the base, and divided by a deep suture which extends 
from the base to the apex, and terminates in a very slight 
nipple, which is sometimes wanting. Skin easily de- 
tached from the flesh, yellowish-white in the shade, and 
delicately marked with red next the sun. Flesh white, 
with some yellowish veins running through it, which are 
tinged with red next the stone, from which it separates ; 
micy, melting, rich, sugary, and slightly vinous. Flowers 
large. Glands none. Eipe the middle of August. 

White Nutmeg (Avant Blanche; White Avant), — 
Fruit small, roundish, terminated by a pointed nipple, 
and divided by a deep suture, which extends from the 
base to the apex. Skin white in the shade and lightly 
tinged with pale red next the sun. Flesh white even to 
the stone from which it separates ; rich, sugary, and per- 
fumed. Flowers large. Glands none. E*ipe the middle 
of July. 

Yellow Admirable (AhricotSe; Admirable Jaune . 
de Burai; Gh'osse Jaune ; Grosse Peche Jaune Tardive; 
d* Orange; Beche d'Abricot; Sandalie Hermaphrodite; 
Scandalian).—'Frmt very large, roundish, narrowing to- 
wards the crown, where it is somewhat flattened, and 
from which issues a shallow suture, which diminishes 
towards the base. Skin fine yellow in the shade, and 
washed with light red on the side next the sun. Flesh 
firm, deep yellow, tinged with red under the skin, and at 
the stone, from which it separates ; and of a rich sugary 
flavour resembling both in colour and taste that of an 
apricot. Flowers large. Glands kidney-shaped. E.ipe 
in the middle and end of October. 

Yellow Albeeqe (Alberge Jaune: Gold Fleshed; 
Golden Mignonne; Beche Jaune; Burple Alberge), — 
Fruit medium sized, round, divided by a deep suture 
which extends from the base to the apex, where it termi- 
nates in a considerable depression. Skin adhering to the 
flesh, covered with fine down, of a deep rich golden 



FBACHES. 



149 



yellow on a portion of the shaded side, and deep red on 
the other, which extends almost over the whole surface 
of the fruit. Flesh deep yellow, bat rich vermilion at 
the stone, from which it separates, and of a rich vinous 
flavour. Flowers small. Glands globose. E*ipe the be- 
ginning of September. 

This in favourable situations succeeds well as a standard, 
and is frequently grown in nurseries under the name of 
Rosanna, but erroneously. 



LIST OF SELECT PEACHES. 
Arranged in the order of ripening. 



Small Mignonne 
Early G-rosse Mignonne 
Early York 
Abec 

Crawford's Early 
G-rosse Mignonne 
Bojal Qeorge 



Noblesse 
Bellegarde 
Barrington 

Walburton Admirable 
G-regorj's Late 
Desse Tardive 
Salwaj 




150 



PEARS. 

Abb^ Mongein. See lh^dale\s Si. Chrmcun* 

Abondance. See Amour. 

AcHAN {BlacJc Achan ; Black Bess ; Ited Achan ; 
Winter BeurrS), — Frait medium sized, obovate, flattened 
towards tlie eye. Skin varying from pale greenish- 
yellow, to dark greyish-green, and covered on one side 
with dull brownish-red. Eye open, set in a slightly de- 
pressed basin. Stalk about an inch long. Flesh tender, 
rich, melting, sugary, and highly .perfumed. Bipe in 
November. 

Though an excellent Scotch dessert pear, thilB is 
perfectly worthless in the south of England. 

Adam's Flesh. See Chair a Dames. 

AdMe de St. Denis. See Baronne de Mello. 

Ah! Mon Dieu. ^ee Amour. 

Albert. See Beurri d'Amanlis. 

Albebtine. — Fruit above medium size, Doyenne 
shaped. Skin smooth and shining, of a pale lemon 
colour, strewed with very large russet dots, and with a 
faint blush of red next the sun. Eye half open, set in 
a shallow depression. Stalk short and stout. Flesh very 
tender, melting, and buttery, piquant and perfumed. A 
first-rate pear, with a slight musky flavour. Eipe in 
September and October. 

Alexandre Bivoet. — Fruit rather below medium size, 
obovate. Skin shining, clear yellow, and covered with 
pale brown and green dots. Stalk woody, half an inch 
to three-quarters long. Flesh white, with a reddish 
tinge, buttery, melting, and very juicy, richly flavoured, 
and with a high aroma. A first-rate pear. Eipe in the 
end of December and continues till February. The tree 
has a bushy habit of growth. 

Alexandre Lambee.— Fruit medium sized, round or 
roundish-oval, uneven in its outline. Skin smooth, 
greenish-yellow, with sometimes a tinge of red next the 



PBAB8. l&l 

sun, >and considorably cohered with lines and dots of 
russet. Stialk tai ineJi long, and thiek. Flesh white, 
ha] f-melting, »yesy • j uicy , sweet, and aromatic. December 
till Februaiy. 

.iLEXAKDStKA. — A medlum sized, «arly, melting pear, 
which succeeds well on the quince, perfectly hardy, and 
forming a handsome pyramid. !Ripe in September.^— 
JRiv. Cut, 

Althobp CBASTiLirNE.-^liledium 'Size, roundish-obovate, 
narrowing rather towards the eye than the stalk. Skin 
pale green, dotted with russet, brownish next the snn. 
Stalk an inch and a half long, curved, slender, and mode- 
rately depressed. 35ye with the segments much divided, 
set in a slightly plaited shallow basin. Flesh white, 
buttery, juicy, rich, and perfumed. October to Novem- 
ber. A first-rate pear in some situations. 

Ambree Gris. See Amhrette d*Siver. 
Ambrette. See Amhrette d*Hiver. 
Ambrette Grise. See Amhrette d*Hiver 

AiiBBSms D*HlVEB (Amhree Gris; Amhrette; Amhrette 
Ch'ise; Belle GahrieUe; Ti'ompe Valet), — Fruit medium 
sized, roundish, almost oval. Skin pale green, or greenish- 
grey. Eye small and open, with flat and reflexed seg- 
ments, and set in a shallow basin. Stalk about an inch 
long, stout, and inserted in a small cavity. Flesh white 
"when grown on the quince, and tinged with green when 
grown on the pear stock, rich, melting, and juicy, with an 
tigreeable musky perfume, supposed to resemble that of 
Ambergris, and from which its name is derived. A very 
^od dessert pear ; in season from November to January. 

Ambrosia (Earlv BeurrS). — Fruit medium sized, 
roundish, depressed, and rather more swollen on one 
Bide than the other. Skin greenish-yellow, covered with 
grey specks. Eye small, closed with short segments, and 
set in a wide and rather deep basin. Stalk long and 
slender, rather deeply inserted. Flesh tender, melting, 
juicy, and highly perfumed. E-ipe in September. 

Amiral. See Arhre Cou^hS, 

Amibe Joankst (Joannet; Petit St. Jeans St. Jean; 
JEarly Sugars Sarvest Pea/t*), — Fruit small, regularly 
pyriform. Skin very smooth, at first of a pale greenish- 
yellow colour, which changes as it ripens to deep waxen 



152 FEABS. 

yellow, and with a tinge of red next the sun. Eye open, 
with stout, erect segments, placed even with the surface. 
'Stalk an inch and a half to an inch and three quarters 
(Ong, stout and fleshy at the insertion. Flesh white, 
tender, juicy, sugary, and pleasantly flavoured, but soon 
becomes mealy. 

One of the earliest summer pears. Hipe early in July, 
and requires to be gathered as it is changing to yellow 

Amir^ Houx. See Summer Archduke. 

Amoselle. See Bergamotte d* Hollande. 

Amoub (Ahondance } Ah! MonDieus JBelle Fertile), 
— Fruit small and obovate. Skin pale yellow or citron 
in the shade, and fine red covered with darker red dots 
on the side next the sun. Eye small, scarcely at all de- 
pressed, surrounded with a iew plaits. Stalk an inch 
long, curved, and inserted in a swollen cavity. Flesh white, 
tender, and very juicy, with a rich sugary flavour. E.ipens 
in succession from September onwards, but will not keep 
longer than a fortnight after being ripe. 

Ananas (Ananas d*Ete), — Fruit large, obtuse pyri- 
form. Skin yellowish-green, almost entirely covered with 
rough brown russety dots, and with a brownish tinge 
next the sun. Eye open, with short stiff segments, and 
set in a shallow basin. Stalk about an inch and a half 
long, scarcely at all depressed, but generally with a swell- 
ing on one side of it. Flesh delicate, melting, buttery, 
with a pleasantly-perfumed flavour. Ripe in September. 

The tree succeeds well as a standard, and is a good 
bearer. 

Angelique de Bordeaux (Franc-rSal Gros ; St, 
Martial). — Fruit medium sized, obtuse pyriform. Skin 
•smooth, yellowish-green in the shade and pale brownish- 
red next the sun ; strewed with brown dots. Eye small, 
«et in a narrow and rather shallow basin. Stalk thick, 
an inch and a half long, fleshy at its insertion. Flesh 
tender, buttery, juicy, and sugary. 

An excellent dessert pear from January to April ; but 
to have it in perfection late in the season it requires to 
be grown against a wall in a deep, rich soil. 

Angle terre d'Hiver. See Bellissime d*Hiver» 

Angoise. See Winter Bon Chretien, 

Angora. See TJvedales St, Germain, 



FEABS. 163 

Abbbs CouBBi^ (Amirals Colmar Charnay), — ^Triut 
above medium size, oval pyriform. Skin pale green, 
mottled and dotted with pale brown-russet. J)je open, 
set in a broad, shallow basin. Stalk three quarters to an 
inch in length, and stout. Flesh greenish- white, half 
buttery, juicy, and somewhat astringent. October and 
November. The tree has crooked branches. 

Arbre Superbe. See Fondante d*Automne» 
Archduke d'Ete. See Summer Archduke, 
Arteloire. See St. Germain. 

Aston Town. — Below medium size, roundish-turbinate. 
Skin greenish- white, thickly dotted with russet ; rough, 
like a Crasanne. Stalk an inch and a half long, straight 
and slender, inserted without any cavit^r. !Kye small, 
nearly closed, and in a very shallow basin. Flesh yel- 
lowish-white, buttery, perfumed, and high flavoured. 

A dessert pear of first-rate quality. Ripe in the end 
of October and beginning of ]N ovember. The tree is a 
vigorous grower, attains a very large size, and bears 
abundantly. 

D'Auch. See Colmar. 

Auguste Benott. See Beu/rrS BenoiU 

Austrasie. See Jaminette. 

Autumn Bebgamot (Bergamot: JEnglish Bergamot ; 
York Bergamot). — Below medium size, roundish, and 
flattened. Skin yellowish-green, brownish-red next the 
sun, dotted with grey-russet. Stalk short and thick, set 
in a wide, round, hollow. Eye small, placed in a shallow 
basin. Flesh greenish-white, juicy, melting, exceedingly 
sugary, and richly flavoured. 

A fine old dessert pear, ripe in October. The tree is a 
vigorous grower, hardy, forms a handsome standard, and 
is a most abundant bearer. 

Autumn Colmab (Be Bavay). — ^Medium sized, oblong 
pyriform, irregular, and uneven. Skin pale yellow, 
spotted with russet. Stalk an inch long, atraight, and 
placed in a small, uneven cavity. Eye small, set in a 
very shallow basin. Flesh buttery, gritty at the core, 
rich, sugary, and perfumed. October to November. 

The tree is a good bearer, and succeeds well as a 
standard. 

P'Aybil.— Fruit large, pyramidal, uneven in its out* 



litte, and eonsiderably- bossed rouad'the-oyjB. Skin-smootli 
and shining, of a lively dark green colour/ with a dark 
Jbrrown tinge next the sun, and patches of ashy -grey 
Tusset on the shaded ^ide ; the whole sur&ce eovered 
with very lax^erpale-coloured spedis. Flesh crisp, juicy, 
«nd Bwe^. Mffiroh and April. 

Badham's. Bee 3Sroton \Beurre, 

Bancreif. ^Gee Crawford, 

Banneux. "BeeJamirtMs. 

BiiBONNE DB Mello (Ad^h 6te 18t, Denis; Bturri Vau 
Jdbnsi J6S»). — Fruit large, of a curved pyramidal shape. 
.8kin almost entirely covered with dark brown russet, 
/which is thin and smooth. Eye small and open, placed 
.in a very slight depression. Stalk half an inch long, 
blender, and inserted on the surface of the fruit. Fleui 
greenish^yellow, fine-grained, melting, and buttery ; very 
•juicy, rien, sugary, and with a fine aroma. 

An autumn dessert pear of first-rate excellence. Ittpe 
m the end of October, and continues three weeks. The 
tree is very hardy, an excellent bearer, and succeeds well 
as a standard or pyramid. 

Bartlett. See Williams* Bon ChrStien, 
De Bavay. See Autumn Colmar, 

Bbajdkell's Seedling. — Fruit medium sized, tur- 
Ibinate. Skin pale yellowish-green, with a blush of red 
•on the side next the sun, and strewed with grey dots. 
iEye rather open, set in a shallow depression. Stalk 
•about an inch long. Flesh tender and melting, very juicy 
and sweet. Hipe in October. Tree hardy, and an excel- 
lent bearer. 

Beauchamps. See JBergamoUe Cadet. 
Beau de la Cour. See Conseiller de la Cour. 
Beau Present. See Jargonelle. 

Beau Peesent d'Aetois {Tresent Ttoyal de Naples). — 
Fruit large and pyriform. Skin greenish-yellow, covered 
with patches and dots of brown russet. Eye small and 
closed, set in a shallow basin. Stalk about an inch long, 
slightly depressed. Flesh melting, juicy, sweet, and 
pretty good flavoured. B»ipe in September. 

Bedminster Gratioli. See Jersey GratioU. 

Bein ArmudL See ^ead de la Motte. 



^BB. 195 

Bell Pear. See Vatillac, 

Bell Tongue. See WincUor. 

Belle Alliance. See BeurrS "Stenihnans, 

. SeUe Andrezme. See Vicar of Wtnkfield. 

Belle d'Aoiftt. See JBdlle de Sruxettee. 

Belle Apres JSToel. See iFondante, de J^M, 

.Belle d'Austrasie. Bee Jaminette. ' 

Belle de Berri. See Vicar of Winkfield, 

jBelle et Bonne (6rrfltoiei«e). — Fruit large, roundisli. 
Skin pale yellowish^een, covered with numerous russety 
and green spots. Eye open, set in a wide shallow baain. 
Stalk long and slender, fleshy at the base, and inserted in 
a narrow cavity. Flesh white, rather coarse, tender, 
buttery, sweet, and pleasantly flavoured. Eipe in Sep- 
tember, but not at aU a desirable variety to grow. 

Belle de Bbuxelles (Belle d'Amts Belle sans 
Epines ; Bergamotte d'MU Grosser Bergamatte desBuy- 
sans; Fanfarean). — Fruit large, abrupt pear-shaped. 
Skin smooth, of a fine clear lemon-yellow colour, with a 
iiBge of red next the sun, and strewed with freckles of 
ruBset. Eye small and half open, set in a shallow basin. 
Stalk an inch long, without a cavity. Flesh white, tender, 
juicy, sweet, and perfumed. 

A good and handsome summer pear, ripe in the end of 
August. The tree is very hardy, and a great bearer. 

Belle Epine du Mas {Colinar du Lot; Comte de 
Limoges ; Due de Bordeaux ; Epine Dumas ; JEpifie de 
BochecJiouart). — Fruit medium sized, pyriform. Skin 
pale lively green, 'thickly covered with large dots and 
patches of brown russet on the shaded side ; but next the 
sun marked with reddish-brown and orange. Eye small 
and open, set in a deep and furrowed basin. Stalk an 
inch long, stout, and inserted in a deep canity promi- 
nently knobbed round the margin. Flesh tender, half 
melting, juicy, and aweet, but wim litUe flavour. In uflie 
during Jwovember and December. 

Belle d'Bsquevme. See Jalousie de FoTitena^. 

Belle Excellente. See Due de Brabant, 

BeUe Fertile. See Amour. 

BeUe-de FkndveB. See Flemish Bemi^. 



156 PEAKS. 

Belle Gabrielle. See Amhretie d*Hiver. 
Belie Heloise. See Vicar of Winhfield* 
Belle de Jersey. See Uvedales St. Gfermain. 

Belle Julie. — ^Fiuit rather below medium size, oraL 
Skin clear olire-green, with a faint tin^ of doll red oa 
the side next the son, and confiderably marked with rosset, 
particularly round the eye. Eye open, with s^readinf 
segments slightly depressed. Stalk an inch long, inserted 
in a small carity. Flesh white, buttery, and melting, 
juicy, sugary* and with a fine aroma. 

Aa excellent pear, ripe during November. The tree 
forms a beautiful pyramid, and is a good bearer. 

Belle Lucrative. See Fondante d*Automne. 
Belle de Noel. See Fondante de Noel. 
Belle Noisette. See Bellissime d*Hiver. 
Belle sans Epines. See Hampden s Bergamot. 
Belle Vierge. See Jargonelle. 
Belle de Zees. See Bonne d'Fzee. 
Bellissime. See Windsor. 

Bellissime d'Hiveb (Angleterre d*Hiver; BelU 
Noisette ; De Bure ; Teton de Venus). — Fruit very large, 
turbinate, flattened on the apex. Skin fine green, changing 
to brownish-yellow on the shaded side, and fine lively 
red next the sun; covered all over with russety dots. 
Eye large, set in an open depressed basin. Stalk an 
inch long, inserted in an irregular cavity. Flesh white, 
tender, fine, sweet, mellow, and free from grittiness. A 
stewing pear, in season from November to April. 

Belmont. — Fruit large, obovate. Skin yellowish-green, 
tinged with brown next the sun, and covered with dots. 
Stalk very long, slender, and curved. Fleeh coarse, but 
sweet, and juicy. I have found this one ci the best stew- 
ing or baking pears in use in November and December. 

Bbnvie. — Fruit small and obovate. Skin yellowish- 
green, sometimes tinned and streaked with dingy red next 
the sun, almost entirely covered with thin grey russet 
and large russet specks. Eye large and open. Stalk 
long, fleshy at the oase, and obliquely inserted. Flesh 
yellowish, buttery, juicy, and perfumed. 

A Scotch dessert pear of great excellence, ripe in 
August and Sentember. The &ee bears immensely, and 



pK4Bg. 157 

attains a great size. The fruit is inferior when grown in 
the south. 

Bequ^ne MusQ;ui.«*Fruit large obovate, and irregular 
in its outline. Skin pale yellow in the shade, and slightly 
tinged with dull red next the sun, thickly covered with 
lar^e patches of grey russet. Eye small and open. Stalk 
an inch long. Flesh white, gritty, crisp, sweet, and musky. 

A stewing pear, in use during November, but it is not 
one of the best for culinary purposes. 

Bergamot. See Auttunn Bergamot 

Bergamotte d'Alen^on. See Bergamotte d* Hollands 

Bergamotte d'Austrasie. See Jamineite, 

Bergamotte de Bugi. See Easter Bergamot, 

Bergamotte Cadette (De Cadet; Beauchamps; BeurrS 
Beaucharnps), — Fruit medium sized, obovate. Skin 
greenish-yellow in the shade, and dull brownish-red next 
the sun, and marked with patches and large dots of pale 
brown russet. Eye open, set in a wide and rather deep 
basin. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, inserted in 
a small cavity. Flesh white, tender, melting, and very 
juicy, with a rich sugary and musky flavour. 

An excellent dessert pear, in use from October to 
December. 

Bergamotte Crasanne. See Crasanne, 

Bergamotte Dussart. — Fruit rather above medium 
size, turbinate. Skin lemon-yellow when ripe, strewed 
with greenish and grey dots over the surface, and a few 
traces of russet. Eye frequently wanting. Stalk half 
an inch long. Flesh half-melting, very juicy, sweet, and 
vinous. December and January. 

Bergamotte Esperen. — Fruit medium sized, turbi- 
nate, and uneven in its outline. Skin rough from being 
entirely covered with dark brown russet. Eye very 
small, with incurved acute segments. Stalk an inch long, 
woody, and obliquely inserted. Flesh tender, juicy and 
melting, sweet and richly flavoured. 

This is one of our best late pears, ripening from the 
end of January up till March and April. The tree forms 
a handsome pyramid, and is an excellent bearer ; but in 
late situations requires a wall. 

Bergamotte d'Ete Grosse. See Belle de Bruxelles. 



158 PEA1?-S. 

BargamoU^Ei^ei. See Fondante cL*Auiam»e. 
Bergamotte Fortunee. See FortunSe. 
Bfergamolte de Foog^e; See BetgauwUts d'SbUamde. 
Bergamotte d'HLrer. See faster Bewrri. 

Bbboamotte D'HoLiiiLKDB (Amo*elU ; BergamoUe 
d'Alen^on; Bergamotte de Foughre ; BeurrS d'Alenfon; 
Lord- Cheney's; Holland Bergam&t ; Winter Green). — 
Fruit large, roundish. Skin ereenisb-yellow, covered 
with brown russet. Stalk an inch and a half long, slender, 
curved, set in a shalloTV, one-sided cavity. Eye small, in 
a wide, deep basin. Flesh white, crisp, very juicy and 
sprightly. April till June. Eequires a walL 

Bergamotte de Paques. See Faster Bergamotte. 

Bergamotte de Paysans. See Belle d& BruxeUet, 

Bergamotte de laPentecote. See Master BeurrS, 

Bebgamotte de Stbtkeb. — Fruit small, roundish, of 
an even and regular shape. Skin smooth, and somewhat 
shining, of a greenish-yellow colour, and marked with 
russet dots. Eye very large and open, set even with the 
surface. Stalk three (quarters of an inch long, qidte 
green, and inserted without depression. Flesh widte, 
halfjmeltino:, and very juicy, sweet, and pleasantly fla- 
voured. Ripe in the end of October. 

Bergamotte Tardive. See Faster BewrrS, 

Bergamotte Tardive. See Colmar. 

Bergamotte de Toulouse. See Faster Bewrrd. 

Besidery. See Bezi d'Heri. 

Beurr6 d'AJbret. See Fondanfe d*Automne. 

Beurr^ d'Alen9on. See Bergamotte d' Hollands. 

Beuhee d'Amanlis (d'Amanlis; d* Albert; JDelhert; 
Huhard; Kaissoise ; Thessoise ; Plomgastelle ; WilheU 
mine). — Fruit large, obovate. Skin yellowish-green on 
the shaded side, but washed with brownish-red on the 
side next the sun, and considerably covered with dots 
and patches of russet. Eye open, set almost even with 
the surface. Stalk an inch long, obliquely inserted in a 
shallow knobbed cavity. Flesh white, melting, very 
buttery and juicy, with a rich sugary and slightly per- 
fumed flavour. 

One of our best autumn pears, ripe in September. The 



tree is- liardy, with a Btraggling habit of growth* and is: 
an abundant bearer. 

Beubbe d'AuhvItIs PanachiL — This is a.yarietjr of the 
preceding, and diiFers from it merely ia having. variegated 
leaveS: and fruit striped with yellow or orange bands. It 
ripens at the same time, and is of the same merit. 

JBeurre Amboise. See Brown Beurri, 
Beorr^ Anglaise. See JEasier Beurrd. 

Beubbe d'Anjou {Ne Flus Meuris of the French). — 
Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform. Skin greenish-yellow, with 
sometimes a shade of dull red next the son, marked with 
patches of russet, and thickly strewed with brown and 
crimson dots. Eye small and deeply inserted. Stalk 
short and stout. Flesh white, rather coarse-grained, but 
melting and juicy, with a brisk and perfumed flavour. 
Itipe in Deeember and January. 

This is quite distinct from the "Ne Plus Meuris of Van 
Mons . It is not u nlike Beurr^ d' Aremb^rg. in appearance. 

Benrr^ d'Apremont. See BeurrS Bosc, 

BsuBBE d'Abembbsg {Beurri Desckampg; BeurrS da 
Orphelines ; Colmar Deschamps ; Delices des Orphelines ; 
Deschanvps ; JDuc d*Aremherg ; L* Orpheline ; Orpheline 
d^^nghein ; Soldat Lahoreur). — Fruit medium sized, obo- 
vate. Skin yellowish-green when ripe, and considerably 
covered witn patches, veins, and dots of cinnamon- 
coloured russet. Eye small, with short segments, which 
frequently fall off, and set in a deep hollow. Stalk from 
half an ineh to an inch long, obliquely inserted on the 
surface of the fruit. Flesh white, melting, buttery, and 
very juicy, with a rich vinous and perfumed flavour. 

A first-rate dessert pear, ripe in December and January. 
The tree forms a handsome pyramid, and is a good bearer, 
but is apt to canker in cold soils. 

Beurri d*Argenson. See Passe Colmar. 
Beurri Aurore. See Beurri de Capiaumont, 
Beurri d'Avranches. See Louise Bonne of Jersey. 

Beubbe Bachelieb. — Fruit large and obovate, some- 
what irregular in its outline. Skin greenish-yellow, 
strewed with russety dots. Eye small and closed, set in 
a shallow basin. Stalk short. Flesh buttery and melti 
ing, rich, juicy, sugary, and aromatic. 

An excellent pear^ ripo in. December. The tree is 



160 PEABS. 

hardy, forms a handsome p3rramid, and is a good 
bearer. 

Beurr^ Beauchamps. See BergamotU Cadette, 

Beurr^ Beaumont. See JBezi Vaet, 

B£UBRE Bennebt. — Fruit medium sized, turbinate 
and irregular in its outline. Skin pale yellow, with a 
red blusli on the side next the sun, and covered with a 
net- work of russet. Eye small. Stalk an inch long. 
Flesh juicy, sweet, and aromatic. JElipe in January and 
February. 

Beubbe BekoIt {Augusfe Benott; BenoU), — Fruit 
medium sized, obovate. Skin pale yellow, strewed with 
patches and dots of pale brown russet. Eye open, placed 
in a round and shallow basin. Stalk three quarters of 
an inch lonof, inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh white, 
fine-grained, melting, and very juicy, sugary, and per- 
fumed. 

A good pear, ripe in September. 

Bbubbe Bebcemans. — Fruit medium sized, turbinate. 
Skin of a rich lemon-yellow colour, thickly covered all 
over with russety specks and dots, but round the stalk 
and over the crown it is completely covered with a coat 
of cinnamon-coloured russet. Eye open, set in a round 
furrowed basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted without 
depression. Flesh white, tender, fine-grained, juicy, 
sugary, and richly flavoured. 

A handsome and very excellent pear, ripe in November 
and December. The tree makes a handsome pyramid, 
and is a good bearer. 

Beurre Blanc. See White Doyenni, 

Beurr^ Blanc de Jersey. See Bezi de la Moite. 

Beurre du Bois. See Flemish Beauty, 

Beubee Bosc (Bem^i d*Apremont; BeurrS JRose j 
Calehasse Bosc; Marianne Nouvellc). — Fruit large, pyri- 
form. Skin almost entirely covered with thin cinnamon- 
coloured russet, leaving here and there only a small por- 
tion of the yellow ground colour visible. Eye open, 
g laced in a shallow basin. Stalk about an inch and a 
alf long, inserted without depression. Flesh white, 
melting, and buttery, very juicy, rich, and aromatic. 

A dessert pear of first-rate quality, ripe in October and 
November. The tree is a good bearer i but unless grown 



FSAB8. ICl 

against a wall, or in a warm situation, the fruit is apt to 
be crisp or only half-melting. 

Beurr^ de Bourgogne. See Flemisli Beauty, 

BsuBBig Bbetonneau {Br, Bretonneau). — Fruit large, 
more or less pyriform. Skin rough, with brown russet, 
which considerably covers the greenish -yellow ground, 
and sometimes with a brownish-red on the side next the 
sun. Eye uneven, set hi a moderately deep basin. Stalk 
an inch long, stout. Flesh vellowish-white, and when it 
ripens tender, juicy, and well flavoured. 

A late dessert pear, in use from March till May ; but 
as it rarely ripens except in very warm summers, the 
flesh is generally crisp, or at best only half-melting. 

Betjbbe Bubnicq. — Fruit medium sized, obovate. 
Skin rough, from a covering of thick russet, and strewed 
with grejr specks. Stalk half an inch loug, inserted in a 
small cavity. Flesh greenish-white, buttery, and melting, 
with a powerful aroma. Eipe in the end of October. 

Beurre Cambron. See Glout Morceau. 

Beubbe de Capiatjmont {Aurore; Beun^S Aurore; 
Cwpiaumont ; Calehasse Vasse). — Fruit medium sized, 
obtuse-pyriform. Skin pale yellow in the shade, almost 
entirely covered with cinnamon-coloured russet, and nu- 
merous grey specks, and orange-red next the sim. Eye 
large and open, level with the surface. Stalk an inch 
long, fleshy at the base, inserted without depression. 
Flesh white, delicate, buttery, and melting, juicy, rich, 
and sugary. 

An excellent autumn pear, ripe in October. The tree 
is hardy, an abundant bearer, and succeeds well either as 
a standard or a pyramid. 

Beurr^ des Gharneuses. See Fondante de9 Chameuies. 

Beurre de Chaumontel. See ChaumonieL 

Beubbjb Claibgeau. — Fruit large, curved-pyriform. 
Skin smooth and shining, of a flne lemon-yellow colotir, 
and with a tinge of orange-red on the side next the sun ; 
it is thickly covered all over with lar^e russety dots and 
patches of thin delicate russet, particularly round the 
stalk. Eye small and open, level with the surface. Stalk 
half an inch long, stout, and rather fleshy, with a swollen 
lip on one side of it. Flesh white, crisp or half-meltingi 
coarse-grained; juicy, 9weet, and slightly musky. 

u 



A bandsome and sliowj pear, ripe in I^orember. Its 
appearance is iU greatest recommendation. 

Benrr^ Cornice de Toulon. See Vicar of WlnhfiM, 

Betbb^ Copbftz. — Fniit below medinm size, ora!, 
eren, and regnlar] j formed. Skin smooth, of an nniform 
greenish-yellow colonr, corered with large patdies and 
dots of rosset. £je small and open, set in a rerj shallow 
basin. Stalk yery thick and fleshj, inserted vrithout a 
carity. Flesh greenish-white, coarse-grained, jnicj, and 
angary, but with little flaronr. Noyember. 

Beorre Cartet. See Comte de Lamy, 

Benrr^ Dayis. See Flemish Beauty. 

Benrrd Dayy. See Flemish Beauty. 

BsuBBi Defais. — Fruit large, pyramidal. Skin of a 
pale golden-jellow colour, dotted with large brown mssety 
dots, and with an orange tinge next the sun. Eye very 
small and open, sometimes wanting, placed in a deep, 
narrow cavity. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a cavity. 
Flesh melting, juicy, sugary, and well flavoured. Bipe 
in December. 

Beubsb Delfosse (Delfosse Bourgmesire; Philippe 
Delfosse). — Fruit above medium size, obovate. Skin pale 
yellow, with a blush of pale red on the side next the sun, 
and covered with patches and dots of thin russet. Eye 
closed. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, and slender. 
Flesh buttery, melting, richly flavoured, and highly 
aromatic. December and January. 

Beubb]6 Dehouineau.— Fruit medium sized, obovate. 
Skin green, changing to yellowish as it ripens on the 
shadea side, and clouded with brownish-red on the side 
next the sun. Eye open. Stalk half an inch long, thick 
and woody. Flesh rather gritty, pretty juicy, sweet and 
aromatic. 

A second-rate pear, ripe in November and December. 

jBBUKEii DiEL (BeiirrS Incomparable ; Beiirrd Maj' 
nifigue ; BeurrS Boyal; De Trois Tours; Dillen; Gros 
Dicien ; Borothee Boy ale ; Ch^atioli d'Hiver; Crvosse 
Borotliie } Melon). — Fruit varying from medium size to 
very large ; obovate. Skin greenish-yellow, covered with 
numerous large russety dots, and some markings of russet. 
Eyo open, with erect segments set in an uneven basin. 
Stalk an inch long, stout, and inserted in an open uneven 



PEABS. lOiJ 

carity. Flesh yellowish-Trhito, tender, very buttery and 
zaelting, rich, sugary, and aromatic. 

A first-rate pear, ripe during October and November. 
The tree is hardy, and an abundant bearer. Succeeda 
well as a standard. 

Beurrd Deschamps. See Beuy^^d d'Aremherg, 

Beurrd Dore. See Brown BeiirrS, 

Beurre Drapiez. See Urhaniste, 

Beurbe Duhaume.' — Fruit medium sized, roundish, 
and very much flattened. Skin rough to the feel, covered 
with thin russet, which is thickly strewed with large 
russet dots. Eye open, set in an uneven basin. Stalk 
short, thick, and flesny, obliquely inserted by the side of 
a fleshy lip. Flesh buttery, melting, and very juicy, 
with a rich and vinous flavour. 

A very excellent pear, in use from December to 
February. The tree has a diffuse and bushy habit of 
growth. 

BEuuBfi Duval. — Fruit medium sized or large, of a 
short pyramidal shape. Skin greenish-yellow, covered 
with large dtfrk-brown russet freckles, and with a flush of 
red next the sun. Eye large and open, full of stamens, 
and &ct in a wide shallow basin. Stalk obliquely inserted 
on the end of the fruit. Flesh yellowish, melting and 
juicy, sugary, and with a fine piquancy. 

A very fine and distinct-looking pear, in uso during 
INovembier and December. The tree is hardy, atid a good 
bearer as a pyramid. 

Beurre d'Elberg. See Flemish Beauty, 

Beurre Epine. See Beurri de JRance. 

Beurre de Flandres. See BeurrS de JRance, 

Beurr^ Foidard. See Flemish Beauty. 

Beurre Geerards. See GilogiL 

Beubbe Giffabd. — Fruit about medium sized, pyri- 
form or turbinate. Skin greenish-yellow, mottled with 
red on the side next the sun. Eye closed, set in a shallow 
basid. Stalk an inch long, slender, and obliquely in- 
serted on the apex of the fruit. Flesh white, melting, 
and very juicy, with a vinous and highly aromatic flavour. 

An early pear of first-rate quality, ripe in the middle 
of August. 



r 



164 FEABS. 

BeuBBi GouBAULT. — Fruit medium sized, roundish, 
and inclining to turbinate. Skin green, even when ripe. 
Eje lar^e and 0]pen, inserted in a shallow basin. Stalk 
long and slender, inserted in a small cayity. Flesh melt- 
ing and juicy, sugary, and with a fine perfumed flavour. 
£>ipe in September. 

The tree is an excellent bearer, and the fruit should be 
watched in ripening, as it does not change from green to 
yellow. 

Beurr^ Gris. See Brown JBeurrS, 

Betjebe Gris d'Hiveb (BeurrS Chis d*JStver Nbuveau ; 
BeurrS de Lu^on). — Fruit large, roundish. Skin entirely 
covered with thin brown russet, and tinged with brownish- 
red next the sun. Eye small, set in a very shallow basin. 
Stalk short and thick, inserted in a small cavity. Flfesh 
white, melting and juicy, sugary and slightly perfumed. 

A good late pear when grown in a warm si^ation, but 
otherwise coarse-grained and gritty. £>ipe from January 
till March. It is best from a wall. 

Beubbe Hameceeb. — Fruit large and round, bossed 
about the stalk. Skin greenish-yellow, mottled with 
brown, covered with patches and dots of fine brown 
russet. Eye small and open. Stalk an inch long. Flesh 
buttery, melting, and juicy, sugary and perfumed. Eipe 
in October and November. 

BeurrS d'Hardenpont. See Glou MbrceaU* 

Beubbe Habdy. — Fruit large and pyramidal, of a 
handsome shape and even outline. Skin shining, yel- 
lowish-green, thickly covered with large russet dots, and 
a coat of brown russet round the stalk and the eye. Eye 
large and open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, 
stout and fleshy, war ted at the base, and inserted without 
depression. Flesh white, melting and very juicy, sweet 
and perfumed with a rosewater aroma. Eipe in October. 

The tree forms a handsome pyramid, and is a good 
bearer. 

BeurrS d'Hiver. See Chaumoniel, 

BeurrS d'Hiver de Bruxelles. See JEJaster Beurri^ 

Beurre Incomparable. See BeurrS Diel. 

BeurrS Isambert. See Brown BeurrS. 

BEUBBi; Kennes. — Fruit about medium sized, abrupt 
pear-shaped, truncated at the stalk end. Skin rather 



FEABS. 165 

rough to the feel, from a coat of brown russet ; on the 
side next the sun, and oyer a great part of the shaded 
side, it is of a vermilion red colour. Eye small and open, 
set in a wide and shallow basin. Stalk three quarters of 
an inch long, stout, fleshy at the base, and without a 
cavity. Flesh yellow, coarse-grained, half-melting, juicy, 
sweet, and aromatic. £>ipe in the end of October, 

Beurr^ de Kent. See Glou Morceau. 

Beubbe Lakoelieb. — Fruit medium sized, obtuse- 
pyriform. Skin pale greenish-yellow, with a crimson 
Dlush on the side next the sun, and covered with nu- 
merous russet dots. Eye open, set in a shallow and wide 
basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a small cavity. 
Flesh tender, buttery and melting, with a rich and 
vinous flavour. 

An excellent pear, ripe during December and January. 
It requires a warm situation. 

Beubb:^ Lefevbe (BeurrS de Mortefoniaine). — Fruit 
large and obovate, sometimes oval. Skin greenish- 
yellow on the shaded side, and considerably covered 
with brown russet; but on the side next the sun it is 
brownish-orange, shining through a russet coating and 
marked with a few brolfen streaks of red. Eye very 
large and open, set in a deep uneven basin. Stalk an 
inch long, fleshy at the base, and set on the surface of the 
fruit. Flesh white, rather gritty at the core, melting 
and very juicy, richly flavoured, and with a peculiar 
aroma, which is very agreeable. 

A delicious pear, ripe in the middle and end of October. 
The tree is hardy, and an excellent bearer, 

Beubbe Leon le. Clebc. — Fruit medium sized, obo- 
vate. Skin smooth, of a lemon-yellow colour, having a 
tinge of red on one side, and covered with numerous 
large russet specks. Eye very small and open, set in a 
narrow and deep basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted in 
an uneven and rather deep cavity. Flesh wnite, melting 
and juicy, sweet and well flavoured, but without any 
particular aroma. End of October. 

Beurre Lombard, See Glou Morceau, 

Beurr^ de Lu^on, See JBeurrS Gris d'Hiver^ 

Beurr^ Lucratif, See Fondanie d^Automne. 

Beurr^ Magnifique, See BeurrS Dieh 



166 PXABS. 

Beurro de Malines. See Winter Nelis, 

Beurr^ de Merode. See Doi/enn^ BoussocJc. 

Beukbe Moibe. — Fruit above medium size, obtuse- 
pyriform. Skin greenisli-yellow, considerably covered 
with pale bright yellow russet and russety dots. Eye 
small, set in a shfulow basin. Stalk an inch long, stout, 
inserted in a cavity. Flesh buttery and melting, but not 
richly fisivoured, and with a hign perfume. Bipe in 
November. 

Beurre de Morfcefontaine. See Beurri Lefhvre, 

Beuss]^ Nantais (BeurrS de Nantes), — Fruit large 
and round. Skin covered with a coat of pale brown 
russet, like the Brown Beurri, through which a little of 
the greenish-yellow ground colour appears. Eye very 
-small and open, set in a sxaall and narrow basin. Stalk 
short, stout, and woody, placed on one side of the axif • 
Flesh rather coarse-grained, gritty at the ccore, not melt- 
ing nor very juicy, but with a sweet and peculiar vinous 
flavour. November and December. 

Beurri Napoleon. See NapoUon. 

Beurri de Noirchain. See Beurre de Bance. 

Beurre de Noir Chair. See Beurri de Banoe, 

Beurri des Orphelines. See Beurri d'Aremherg. 

Beurri de Paques. See Hosier Bewri. 

Beurri de Paris. See Jargonelle. 

Beurri de Payence, See Calelasse, 

Beurre de la Pentecote. See Easter Beurri] 

Beurri Picquery. See Urhaniste, 

Beurri Plat. See Crasanne. 

Beurri Quetelet. See Comie de Lamy, 

Beuebe dk Bance (Bon Chritien de Bans; Beurri 
Epine : Beurri de Flandres; Beurri de Noirchain; 
Beurri de Noir Chair ; Beut*ri de Bans ; Beurri du 
Rhin; Hardenpont de JPnwifewi^*).— Fruit varying from 
medium size to large; obtuse-pynform, blunt, and rounded 
at the stalk. Skin dark green, and covered with nume- 
rous dark brown russety spots. Eye small and open, set 
in a slight depression. Stalk an inch and a half long, 
generally obliquely inserted in a wide, shallow cavity. 



P£ASS. 167 

Flesh greenish-white, buttery, melting, and rery juicy, 
with a rich vinous flavour. 

A flrst-rate and delicious late pear, in use from 
February till May. The tree is perfectly hardy, and a 
good bearer. In northern and exposed situations it 
requires a wall. 

Beurr^ du Ehin. See BeurrS de Ranee, 

Beurr^ du Eoi. See Broton BeurrS, 

Beurre Rose. See BeurrS Bosc, 

BeurrS Boux. See Brovm BeurrS* 

BeurrS Boyal. See BeurrS Diet. 

Beurre St. Amour. See Flemish Beauty, 

Beurre St. Nicholas. See Duchesse d ' Orleans. 

Bbubb6 Six. — Fruit large, pyriform, bossed on the 
surface. Skin smooth, pale green, dotted with green and 
brown dots, and somewhat russeted. Eye closed. Stalk 
over an inch long, woody. Flesh white, tender, buttery 
and melting, rich and sugary, and with a high aroma. 

A first-rate pear, ripe in -November and December. 

BeurrS Spence. See Flemish Beauty, 

Beueee Stebckmans (Belle Alliance; Calehasse Sterck* 
mans; DoyennS JEsterhman), — Fruit large, turbinate. 
Skin smooth, of a fine bright grass-green colour on the 
shaded side, and dull red on the side next the sun, marked 
with traces of russet. Eye open, set in a wide, shallow 
basin. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, set in a small 
round cavity. Flesh white, with a greenish tinge, very 
melting, buttery and juicy, rich, sugary, and vinous, with 
a fine aroma. 

A first-rate dessert pear, ripe during January and 
February. The tree is an abundant bearer, succeeds 
admirably on the quince, and forms a handsome pyramid. 

Beuee]& Supeefin. — Fruit above medium size, 
roundish-obovate or turbinate. Skin of a beautiful 
lemon colour, very much covered with thin cinnamon- 
coloured russet. Eye small and open. Stalk inserted 
on the apex of the Iruit without depression. Flesh very 
fine grained, buttery, melting, and very juicy, with a 
brisk piquant flavour, and fine aroma. 

A first-rate dessert pear, ripe in the end of September 
and beginning of October. The tree is a vigorous grower. 



ICS FEABS. 

hardy and prolific, and succeeds well as a standard or 
pyramid. 

BsuBBE Thueblii^ckx (ThuerUnchij. — This is a large, 
coarse pear, of a roundisli-oboyate shape, fiye to six 
inches long and four or five broad. The flesh is some- 
what tender and juicy, but without any aroma, and very 
soon becomes mealy. Not worth growing. Hipe in 
NoTcmber and December. 

Beurr^ de Terwerenne. See Broton BeurrS. 

Beurr^ Van Mons. See Baronne de Mello, 

■ BsTJBBE DE Wetteben. — Fruit large, roundish, in- 
clining to turbinate, widest in the middle and tapering 
obtusely towards each end, uneven in its outline. Skin 
bright green and shining ; dull red on the side next the 
sun, and covered with large russet spots. Ejre open, 
deeply set. Stalk an inch long, stout, and deeply inserted. 
Flesh yellowish, coarse-grained, and soon becomes mealy. 
A showy and peculiar-looking pear, but of no value. 
Bipe in October. 

Bezi de Bketagne. — This is very similar in appearance 
to Passe Colmar, to which race it evidently belongs. The 
flesh is crisp, breaking, and very coarse-grained, very 
juicy and sweet, and exactly the flavour of Passe Colmar. 
It is a very ^ood late pear, at least as good as pears 
generally are m March and April. 

Bezi de Caissoy {Besi de Quessoi; Nutmeg; Teiit 
BeurrS d^Hiver; Bousselet d'Avjou; Small Winter 
BeurrS ; Wilding of Caissoy ; Winter Poplin), — Fruit 
produced in clusters, small, roundish-turbinate. Skin 
rough, and entirely covered with brown russet. Eye 
open, set almost even with the surface. Stalk half an 
inch long. Flesh white, tender, buttery, sweet, and 
aromatic. 

A very nice little winter dessert pear, ripening in 
succession from November till March. The tree attains 
a large size, and is a most abundant bearer. 

Bezi de Ohaumontel. See ChaumonteL 

Bezi d'Echassery. See Echassery. 

Bezi d'Esperen. — Fruit about medium size, pyriform, 
and tapering from the bulge to either end. Skin clear, 
yellowish-grecn, mottled and shaded with fawn-coloured 
russet, ana with a tinge of deep red. Stalk about an inch 



?jiiBS 169 

long, slender. 'Eye open, set in a moderately deep basin. 
IFlesli white, melting, and buttery, very juicy, sugary, 
and perfumed. An excellent pear, ripe in JNoremberi 
but does not keep long. 

Bszi GouBAULT. — Fruit medium sized, roundish-obo- 
vate. Skin lemon-yellow, considerably corered with 
cinnamon-coloured russet, and strewed with numerous 
russety dots. Eye large and wide open, with broad 
segments, and rery slightly depressed. Stalk slender 
and woody, set in a very narrow cavity, with a fleshy 
lip on one side. Flesh tender, half buttery, rather gritty 
at the core, and with a powerful rose-water aroma. 
March and April. 

Bezi d'Hebi {Bezi Boyal; Besidery). — Fruit medium 
sized, roundish. Skin thm, smooth, greenish-yellow, with 
a tinge of red next the sun. Eye open, and set in a small 
round basin. Stalk slender, an inch and a quarter long, 
inserted without depression. Flesh white, fine-grained, 
crisp, rather dry, and with somewhat of a fennel flavour. 
In use from October to December. 

This is one of the best stowing pears ; and the flesh is 
generally smooth and well-flavoured when cooked. 

Bezi de Landxy. See Tlchassery. 

Bezi de la Mottb {Bein Armudi ; Beurri Blanc de 
Jersey). — Fruit medium sized, roundish, inclining to 
turbinate. Skin yellowish-green, thickly covered with 
brown russet dots. Eye small and open. Stalk an inch 
long. Flesh white, fine-grained, buttery, melting, with 
a sweet and perfumed flavour, Eipe in October and 
November. 

Bezi de Quessoy. See Bezi de Caissoy, 

Bezi Boyal. See Bezi d*E[eri, 

Bezi Vaet {Bezi de St. Waast; Bezi de St Wat).-^ 
Fruit above medium size, roundish, very uneven on its 
surface, being bossed and knobbed, the general ap- 
pearance being that of a shortened Chaumontel, Skm 
greenish-yellow, very much covered with brown russet ; 
and on the exposed side entirely covered with russet. 
Eye open, with erect segments placed in a deep and 
uneven basin. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, 
stout and somewhat fleshy basin. Flesh yellowish-white, 
crisp and breaking,, very juicy and sweet, with a pleasant 



170 PEABS. 

aroma, the flayoiir being very nmcli like that of fJke 
CkamnonteL 

A first-rate defusert pear, ripe in December and Jannary. 
Though not richly flavonred, it is so juicy and refreshing 
as to be like eating sugared ice. 

Bishop's Thumb. — Fruit large and oblong. Skin 
yellowish-green, covered with large russety dots, and 
with a rusty red colour on one side. Eye small and 
open, with long reflexed segments. Stalk one inch long, 
fleshy at the base, and obliquely inserted. Flesh greemsh- 
yellow, melting and juicy, with a rich sugary and yinous 
flavour. 

An old-fashioned and very excellent dessert pear, ripe 
in October. The tree is hardy, an abundant bearer, and 
succeeds well as a standard. 

Black Achan. See Achan. 
Black Bess. See Ackan. 
Black Beurr^. See Verulam, 

Black Woecesteb (Parkinson's Warden; PotMid 
Tear), — Fruit large and obovate. Skin green, entirely 
covered with rather rough brown russet, and with a dull 
red tinge next the sun. Eye small and open. Stalk an 
inch long. Flesh hard, crisp, coarse-grained, and gritty. 

A stewing pear, in use from November till February. 

Bloodoood.— Fruit medium sized, turbinate, inclining 
to obovate. Skin yellow, strewed with russety dots and 
russet network. Eye open, with stout segments. Stalk 
obliquely inserted. Flesh yellowish- white, buttery and 
melting, sweet, sugary, and aromatic. 

An American pear of good quality, ripe early in August. 
Tlie tree bears well, and, being so early, is well worth 
growing. 

Bo de la Cour. See Conseiller de la Cour, 

Bolivar. Seo JJvedales Si. Germain, 

Bonaparte. See Najpoleon. 

Bon Chretien d' Amiens. See Catillac. 

Bon Chretien d'Espagne. See Spanish Bon Chretien, 

Bon Chretien Fondante. — ^Fruit large, obloDg, and 
regularly formed. Skin green, covered with a consider- 
able quantity of russet, and marked with numerous 
russety dots on the shaded side, but covered with dark 



PKAES. 171 

brownish-red next tlie sou. Eye sriuU and closed. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long. Flesh yellowish-white, 
very melting and very juicy ; the juice rather thin, and 
not highly flavoured, but very cool, pleasant, and re- 
freshing. 

A very nice pear, ripe during October and November. 
The tree bears well as a standard. j 

Bon Chretien d'Hiver. See Winter Bon ChrtUm. ^ 
Bon Chretien ITapoldon. See Naj^Uon. ^ 

Bon Chretien I^ouvelle. See Flemish Bon Chriiien, \ 
Bon Chretien de Bans. See Beurri de Ranee, 
Bon Chretien de Tours. See Winter Bon ChrStien. 
Bon Chretien Turc. See Flemish Bon Chriiien, 
Bon Chretien de Vemoiae. See Flemish Bon Chriiien, 
Bon Papa. See Vicar of Winhfield, 
Bonne d'Avranches. See Louise Bonne of Jersey. 
Bonne Ente. See White Doyenn^, 

Bonne d'Ezj&b (Belle de Zies;^ Bonne de Zies), — ^Fruifc 
large, pyramidal. Skin straw, with a tinge of green, and 
thickly marked with traces of brown russet. Eye open, 
with long linear segments. Stalk slender, an inch long, 
and obliquely inserted. Flesh white, coarse-grained, and 
inclining to gritty, half-melting and juicy, with an agree- 
able -perfume. 

This is only a second-rate pear, the texture of tlie flesh 
being coarse. Eipe in October. 

Bonne de Kienzheim. See ValUe Franche. 

Bonne de Longueval. See Louise Bonne of Jersey. 

Bonne Louise d'Avranches. See Louise Bonne qf Jersey. 

Bonne Malinaise. See Winter Nelis. 

Bonne de Malines. See Winter Nelis. 

Bonne de Noel. See Fondante de Noel. 

Bonne Eouge. See GanseVs Bergamot. j 

Bonnissime de la Sarthe. See Figue de Naples. 

De Bordeaux. See Bezi d'Beri, 

Bosc Sire. See Flemish Beauty. 

Boss P^re. See Flemish Beauty. 



172 yEjLBS, 

Bouche Nouvelle. See Flemish Beauty, 

Braddlck's Field Standard. See Marie Louise, ^ 

Brilliant. See Flemish Beauty, 

Brocas' Bergamot. See GanseVs Bergamot, 

Bboohpabe. — Fruit medium sized, roundish-obovate. 
Skin yellow, sprinkled with cinnamon-coloured russet. 
Eye small, dry and horny, set in a slight depression. 
Stalk an inch long. Flesh yellowish, melting, juicy and 
sugary, with a rich musky flavour. 

An excellent dessert pear, ripe in January. The tree 
is very hardy and vigorous, an excellent bearer, and 
succeeds well either as a dwarf or standard. 

Bbough Bsbgamot. — Fruit small, roundish-turbinate, 
tapering into the stalk. Skin rough, being entirely 
covered with brown russet, except in patches where the 
green ground colour is visible ; on the side next the sun 
it is tinged with dull red. Eye open, with short-stunted 
segments. Stalk half an inch long, not depressed. Flesh 
yellowish-white, rather coarse-grained, but very juicy 
and sugary, with a rich and highly perfumed flavour. 

An excellent pear for the north of England, ripening 
during December, 

Bbougham — Fruit medium sized, roundish-obovate, 
inclining to oval or ovate. Skin rather rough to the feel, 
yellowish-green, and covered with large brown russet 
specks. Eye clove-like, full of stamens, set in a shallow 
and plated basin. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, and 
slenaer. Flesh yellowish-white, tender, and juicy, but 
somewhat mealy, and having the flavour of the Swan's 
Egg. 

A second-rate pear, ripe in November. The tree is a 
great bearer. 

Brown Admiral. See Summer Archduke, 

Bbown Beubbe {BeurrS Gris ; Beurr6 Dorie ; BeurrS 
d*Amboise ; BeurrS JRoux; Beurri du Boi ; Beurre de 
Terwerenne ; Badham's ; Isamhert le Bon), — Fruit large, 
obovate. Skin yellowish-green, almost entirely covered 
with thin brown russet, and faintly tinged with reddish- 
brown on the side next the sun. Eye small and open, 
set in an even, shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, set 
in a small, round cavity, with generally a fleshy lip on 
one side. Flesh greenish-white under the skin, but yel- 



I 



PEAB8. 173 

lowish at tlie centre, tender, buttery, with a rich piquant 
flavour and musky aroma. 

A well-known pear of first-rate excellence, ripe in 
October. The tree req^uires to be grown against a wall 
to have the fruit in perfection ; but it succeeds very well 
as a dwarf in a warm situation. 

Buchanan's Spring Beurrd. See Verulam, 

Eujaleuf. See Virgouleuse» 

Bujiarda. See Summer Thorn. 

De Bare. See Bellissime d*Hiver, 

BuEGEEMEESTEE. — Fruit large, oblong or pyramidal, 
curved, and very uneven on the surface ; round at the 
apex and knobbed about the stalk. Skin yellowish- 
green, entirely covered with rough russet. Eye very 
small, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch longi ob- 
liquely inserted. Flesh yellowish, melting, juicy and 
sweet, with a fine musky flavour. 

A good second-rate pear, ripe in November. 

De Cadet. See Bergamotte Cadet. 

Caillot Eosat {English Caillot Bosat; King Bear). 
— Fruit above medium size, pyriform. Skin smooth, 
greenish-yellow in the shade, and quite covered with a 
brownish-red cheek and streaks of orighter red on the 
side next the sun. Eye open, set in a shallow cavity. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long. Flesh tender, very 
juicy and melting, sweet, and nicely perfumed. 

A nice early pear, ripe in August ; and the tree is tyi 
excellent bearer. This is not the Caillot Bosat of the 
French, which is the same as our Summer Bose, 

Calebasse (BeurrS de Bai/ence ; Calehassed'SoUande; 
Bitfs Calebasse). — Fruit medium sized, oblong, tmdu- 
lating in its outline. Skin yellow, covered with thin 
grey russet in the shade, and cinnamon-coloured russet 
next the sun. Eye open. Stalk an inch and a half long, 
obliquely inserted, with a fleshy lip on one side. Flesh 
crisp, juicy, rich, and sugary. Bipe in October* 

Calebasse Bosc. See BeurrS Bosc. 

Calebasse Carafon. See Calebasse Grosse, 

Calebasse Delvignb. — Fruit above medium size, 
pyriform. Skin yellow, strewed with cinnamon-coloured 
ru$set. Eye open, with stout segments^ 9et in a shallow 



174 PBJLBS. 

basin. Stalk short and stout. Flesli white, rather coarse- 
fi^rained, juicy, melting, with a rich and perfumed flavour. 
Jttipe in October. 

Calebassb d*Et]£. — Fruit medium sized, pyramidal. 
Skin yellow, covered with brown russet. Flesh white, 
half-melting, very juicy and sweet. A good early peai*, 
ripe in September. 

Calebasse Geosse (Calehasse Carafon; CaUhasse 
Monstre ; Calehasse Monstrueuse du Nord; Calehasse 
Hoy ale; Triomphe de JSasselt ; Van Marum). — Fruit 
very large, sometimes measuring six inches long, pyra- 
midal. Skin greenish-yellow, considerably covered with 
dark grey russet in the shade, and entirely covered with 
light brown russet on the side next the sun. Eye smaU, 
set in a pretty deep basin. Stalk an inch long. Flesh 
coarse-grained, crisp, juicy, and sweet. Ripe in October. 
Its size is its only recommendation. 

Calehasse d'HoUande. See Calehasse, 

Calehasse Monstre. See Calehasse Grosse, 

Calehasse Monstrueuse de Kord. See Calehasse Grosse, 

Calehasse Roy ale. See Calehasse Grosse, 

Calehasse Sterckmans. See Beun^S Sterekmans. 

^ Calebasse Tottgabd. — Fruit medium sized, some- 
times large, pyramidal and curved, uneven in its outline* 
Skin greenish-yellow, entirely covered with brown 
russet. Stalk short and thick. Flesh yellowish- 
white, crisp, jxiicy, and sweet. Eipe in October and 
ITovember. 

Calebasse Yasse. See J3eurrS de Capiaumont. 

De Cambron. See Glou Morceau, 

Canet. See Due de Nemours, 

Canning. See JSaster JSeurre. ^ ^^'• 

Canning d*Hiver. See Easter BeurrS, 

Capiauihont. See BeurrS de Capiaumont. 

Captif de St. Hel^e. See NapoUon. 

Cassante de Maes. — Fruit produced in clusters, below 
medium size,rouDdish-obovate. Skin deep yellow, speckled 
and traced with light brown russet. Eye large, and wide 
open. Stalk about an inch long, inserted without de- 



—»*■■—'<■ .i*^ 



pejlrh, 175 

presfiion. Flesh yellowisli-white, crisp and breaking, 
juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. 

An excellent pear K)r so late in the season. Hipe ia 
April and May. 

Catillac (7?07i ChrHien d* Amiens ; Chartreuse; Grand 
Monarque ; Gros Gilot ; Monstrueuse de Landes ; Titon 
de Venus; Bell Pear ; Pound Pear). — Fruit very large, 
flatly turbinate. Skin at first of a pale green colour, 
changing to lemon-yellow, with a tinge of brownish-red 
next the sun, and covered with numerous large russet 
specks. Eye open. Stalk an inch and a half long. Flesh 
white, crisp, gritty, and with a musky flavour. 

One of the best stewing pears, in use from December 
to April. 

Catinka. — Fruit medium sized, obovate. Skin of a 
fine deep lemon -yellow colour, thickly covered with large 
cinnamon-coloured freckles and tracings of russet. Eyo 
rather small, and open. Stalk three quarters of an inch 
long. Flesh yellowish, melting, but slightly gritty, juicy, 
very sugary, with a rich full flavour, and a tine aroma of 
the rose. 

A very first-rate pear, with rich saccharine juice, ripe 
in December. 

Cellite. See Passe Colmar, 

Chambers* Large. See UvedaWs St. Germain. 

Chambrette. See Virgouleiise. 

Chapman's. See Passe Colmar, 

Chapman's Passe Colmar. See Passe Colmar, 

Chaeles d'Autriche. — Fruit large, roundish, hand- 
some, and regularly formed. Skin greenish-yellow, 
thickly covered with russety specks and thin parches of 
grey russet ; and with a few streaks of faint red on tlio 
side next the sun. Eye open, set in a smooth shallow 
basin. Stalk an inch long, scarcely at all depressed. 
Flesh tender, half-buttery and melting, juicy, sugary, and 
richly flavoured. 

A dessert pear, ripe in October. This name is by the 
French sometimes applied to NapoUon, but erroneously. 

Chaeles Yan Hooghten. — Fruit large, roundish-oval, 
even in its outline. Skin of a uniform straw colour, 
considerably covered with large russety dots, and traces 
of pale brown russet. Eye t^ ide open. Stalk an inch 



176 PEABS. 

loD|;, slender. Flesh white, coarse-grained, gritty, half- 
melting, and not very juicy ; sweet, sugary, and rather 
richly flavoured, and with a musky perfume. Bipe in the 
end of October and November. 

Charlotte de Beouwee. — Fruit large, roundish, in- 

\ dining to ovate, similar in shape to a large Ne plus Meuris. 

Skin entirely covered with a coat of light brown russet, 

with a little of the yellow ground shining through on the 

shaded side. Eye very small, with short, erect segments. 

- Stalk very short, placed in a knobbed cavity. Flesh 

^ white, half-melting, and rather crisp, very juicy, but very 

astringent, Bipe in October and November. 

Chabnoce {Drummond ; Early CharnocJc ; Scot's 
CornucJc). — Fruit small, pyriform. Skin greenish-yellow 
in the shade, and entirely covered with dark dull red 
next the sun. Eye small and open. Stalk fleshy, obliquely 
inserted. Flesh yellowish, half-buttery, juicy, sweet, 
and with a high aroma. 

A Scotch dessert pear, ripe in September, but soon 
becomes mealy. 

Chartreuse. See Catillac. 

Chaulis. See Messire Jean, 

Chaumontel (Bezl de Chaumontel; Bev/rr4 cte Chau' 
montel; Beurri d' Hiver ; Chiernsey Chaumontel; Grey 
Achan; Oxford Chaumontel; Winter Beurri), — ^Fruit 
large, oblong, or obtuse-pyriform, irregular and undu- 
lating in its outline. Skin rather rough, yellowish-green, 
covered with numerous russety spots and patches, and 
with brownish-red next the sun. Eye open, set in a deep, 
irregular basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a deep 
kjiobbed cavity. Flesh yellowish-white, buttery and melt- 
ing, rich, sugary, and highly perfumed. 

A dessert pear of high merit, in use from November till 
March. 

De Chypre. See Early Bousselet. 

Citeon des Cabmes {Grros St. Jean ; Madeleine; Early 
\ Rose Angle), — Fruit below medium size, obovate. Skin 
, smooth and thin, yellowish-green when ripe, and with a 
faint tinge of brownish-red on the side next the sun* 
Eye small, and set in a shallow depression. Stalk an 
inch and a half to two inches long, inserted without de- 
pression. Flesh yellowish- white, tender, melting, very 
juicy and sweet. 



PEABS. 177 

A delicious summer pear, ripe in tlie end of July and 
beginning of August. It is very apt to crack. 

Oitron de Septembre. See White DoyeiinS, 

CoLMAB (2)*-<4t/cA ; Berg amoUe Tardive; Colmar Dorit ', 
De Maune). — Fruit above medium size, obtuse-pyriform. 
Skin smooth, pale green, changing to yellowish-green, 
strewed with grey russet specks. Eye large and open. 
Stalk an inch to an inch and a half long, stout and curved. 
Flesh greenish-white, buttery, meltiog, tender, and with 
& rich sugary flavour. 

An old and justly-esteemed dessert pear, ripening in 
succession from November till March. The tree is not 
an abundant bearer, and requires to be grown against 
a wall. 

CoLMAB d'Abembebg (Fondantc de Jaffard ; Karto^ 
^ZZ).— Fruit large, obovate, uneven, and bossed in its 
outline. Skin lemon coloured, marked with spots and 
patches of russet. Eye rather small and partially closed. 
Set in a very deep round cavity. Stalk short, and rather 
slender, deeply inserted. Flesh yellowish-white, coarse- 
grained, halt-melting, juiey, and briskly flavoured. 

A fine-looking but very coarse pear, ripe in October. 

Colmar Charnay. See Arhre Courhe. 

Colmar Deschamps. See BeurrS d'Aremberj, 

Colmar Dor^. See Fosse Colmar, 

Colmar Dord. ^ee Colmar, 

Colmar Epineux. See Fasse Colmar, 

Colmar Hardenpont. See Fasse Colmar 

Colmar d*Hiver. See Glou Morceau, i 

Colmar Jaminette. See Jaminette, 

Colmar du Lot. See Belle Fpine du Mas. 

ColmabNeill. — Fruit very large, obovate. Skin smooth 
and glossy, of a uniform yellow colour, dotted and lined 
with cinnamon-coloured russet. Eye open, set in a wide 
and rather deep basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a 
small, close cavity. Flesh white, very tender, buttery 
and juicy, with a high musky flavour. Eipe in October, 
but soon becomes mealy* 

Colmar Nelis. See Winter Nelis, 

Colmar Preul. See Fasse Colmar, 



Colmar Souverain. See Pa^se Colmar, 

CoLMi.B Van Mons.— Fruit mediom sized, pyramidal, 
irregular and uneven in its outline. Skin yellowish- 
green, much covered with a thick coat of smooth brown 
russet. Eye small and open, set in a small round basin. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long, obliquely inserted 
in a narrow cavity. Flesh yellowish, buttery and melt- 
ing, very juicy and sweet, but not highly flavoured. 
B/ipe from November to January. 

CoMTE d'Allos. — Large and pyriform, very much the 
shape of Marie Louise. Skin pale yellow, with a greenish 
tinge, covered all over with large russety freckles, and 
with a coating of russet round the eye. Eye very small 
and open. Stalk three quarters of an inch long. Flesh 
yellowish, coarse-grained, and rather gritty, melting, 
juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured, but soon rots at the 
core. Bipe in December. 

CoMTE DB Flandbe. — Fruit very large, pyriform* 
Skin almost entirely covered with large freckles of cinna« 
mon-coloured russet. Eye open, ana rather large, with 
very short deciduous segments. Stalk three quarters 
of an inch long, slender. Flesh yellowish, melting, 
juicy, and sugary, with a rich and agreeably perfumed 
juice. 

A first-rate pear, well worth growing, ripe in November 
and December. 

CoMTE DE Lamy (Beuvri Quetelet; Beurri Curtet; 
Dingier; Marie Louise Nova), — Fruit medium sized, 
roundish-obovate. Skin yellowish-green, with brownish- 
red next the sun, and strewed with russetj dots. Eye 
small* set in a slight depression. Stalk an mch long, set 
in a small cavity. Flesh white, tender, buttery, melting, 
sugary, and richly flavoured. 

A delicious pear, ripe in October. Tree hardy, a 
good bearer, and succeeds weU either as a standard or 
pyramid. 

Comte de Limoges. See Belle Ejpine du Mas. 

Comtesse de FrSnoL See Figue de Naples. 

Comtesse de Treweren. See Uvedaie^s 8t. Germain. 

CoNSEiLLEB DB lA CoUB {B6 de la Cour; Beau de t^ 
Oour; MarecJial de la Cour), — Fruit below medium size, 
]:yriibrm. Skin smooth, yellowiflh-green, covered with 



FEAB8. 171^ 

dart green dote, and with a patok of rosset round the 
stalk. Eye large and open, set in a deep, wide hollow. 
Stalk above an inch long, slender, obliqnely inserted, 
without depression, by the side of a fleshy lip. Flcsli 
•white, half-melting, juicy, and briskly flaYOured, but not 
particularly rich. Jiipe in January. 
Coule Soif. See Summer Franc Real. 

Cbasannb (Bergamotte Crasanne ; BeurrS !Plat ; Cra* 
sanne d*Automne), — Fruit large, roundish, and flattened. 
Skin greenish-yellow, marked all over with veins and dots 
of grey russet. Eye small and open, set in a deep, round, 
and narrow basin. Stalk two to two inches and a half 
long, slender and curved, inserted in a small cavity. 
Flesh white, buttery, melting, rich and sugary, with a 
fine perfume. 

A fine old pear, ripe during November and December. 
The tree is not a good bearer, and requires to be grown 
against a wall. 

Crasanne d*Austrasie. See Jaminette. 

Crasanne d'Automne. See Crasanne. 

Crasanne d*Et^. See Summer Crasanne. 

Ceawfobd (Bancrief; Lammas [of the Scotch]).— -Fruit 
below medium size, obovate. Skin greenish-yellow, 
changing to pale yellow, with sometimes a tinge of 
brownish-red next the sun. Eye open. Stalk an inch 
iong. Flesh white, buttery, juicy, sweet, and with a 
ibusky flavour. Bipe in the middle of August. 

Cboft Ci.srLE. — Fruit medium sized, oval. Skin 
greenish -yellow, covered with large brown dots. Eye 
large and open, with long recurved segments. Stalk an 
inch and a hsdf long, slender and curved. Flesh very 
juiwi sweet, and perfumed. Bipe in October. 

The tree is a most abundant and regular bearer, suc- 
ceeds well as a standard, and is well adapted for orchard 
culture. 

Cuiellette. See Jargonelle. 

CxxxL See Vicar of Winhfield. 

Cypress. See Early Bousselet. 

Davy. See Flemish Beautg. 

Dean's. See White Doyenni. 

Dbabbobit's Sebdlino.— Fruit small, turbinate. 8kin 



Ito PSABS. 

smootli, of a pale yellow colour, strewed with sxtiall 
rossety dots. Eye large and open, set in a shalidw cie- 
pression. Stalk long and slender, inserted in a small 
cavity. Flesh white, very juicy and melting, sweet and 
pleasantly flavoured. An early pear, ripe in August. 

Delbert. See Beurri d'Amanlis, 

Delfosse Bourgmestre. See Beurri Delfosse, 

Dblicbs d'Haedbnpokt.— Fruit above medium si«e, 
obtuse-pyriform, irregular and uneven in its outline. 
Skin smooth, bright lemon-yellow when ripe, thickly 
covered with pale brown russet. Eye small and open, 
set in an uneven and considerable depression. Stalk an 
inch long, thick and fleshy. Flesh white, tender, buttery, 
and melting, rich, sugary, and perfumed. A good pear, 
ripe in November. 

Delicbs d'Haedenpont d'Angebs. — Fruit medium 
sized, roundish-obovate. Skin pale yellow, with a tinge 
of clear red next the sun, strewed with russety dots and 
patches of russet. Eye small and open. Stalk short and 
thick, obliquely inserted in a small cavity, and fleshy at 
the base. Flesh white, rather coarse-grained, juicy^ 
ugary, and agreeably perfumed. Eipe in November. 

Dblicbs db Jodoigne. — Fruit medium sized, pyri- 
form. Skin thin, pale yellow, marked with flakes and 
dots of pale brown russet. Eye open. Stalk short, very 
thick and fleshy. Flesh half-melting, sweet, sugary, 
and aromatic. Kipe in the beginning and middle of 
October. 

Peschamps. See Beurri d'Aremherg. 

Desiree Van Mons. See Fondante de Ckameux. 

Deux Sceues.— Fruit large, oblong, and ribbed. Skin 

freen, changing to yellowish-green, and strewed with 
ark dots. Stalk an mch long, curved. Flesh greenish- 
yellow, buttery, melting, very juicy and sugary. Bipe 
in November. 

Diamant. See GanseVt BergamoU 

Dingier. See Comte de Latm/. 

Dix. — ^Fruit very large, Calebasse shaped. Skin deep 
yellow, covered all over with rough russet dots and mark- 
ings of russet. Eye small, set in a wide, shallow de- 
pression. Stalk upwards of an inch in length, stout^ aad 



FEABS. 181 

inserted without depression. Flesh rather coarse-grained, 
juicy, sweet, and shghtly perfumed. A second-rate pear, 
ripe in November, 

Dr. Bretonneau. See JBeurr^ Bfetonneau, 

Db. Tbousseau-- Fruit large and pyriform, wide to- 
wards the apex. Skin rough, greenish-yellow, covered 
with numerous grey specks and russet flakes. Eye open, 
sometimes wanting. Stalk three quarters of an inch 
long, woody, and inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh 
white, buttery, melting, and very juicy, sugary, and with 
a powerful aroma. A very excellent pear, ripe in De- 
cember. 

Dr. Udale*s Warden. See Uvedales St, Germain. 

Boroth^e Eoyale. See Beun^S Diet, 

Double Philippe. See DoyennS JBoussoch, 

Downham Seedling. See Kacons Incomparable. 

Doyen Dillen. — Fruit above medium size, pyramidal 
or pyriform. Skin yellow, very much covered with dots 
and patches of russet. Eye small, half open, and set in 
a slight depression. Stalk short, thick, and fleshy, in- 
serted without depression. Flesh buttery and melting, 
very juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. An excellent 
pear, ripe in November. 

Doyenn^ d'Automne. See Red DoyennS, 

Doyenne Blanc. See White DoyennS, 

Doyenne Boussoch {BeurrS de Mirode; Double 
'Philip'pe ; Nouvelle Boussoch). — Fruit very large, 
roundish-obovate, or Doyenne shaped. Skin lemon 
coloured, covered with large, rough, russety dots. Eye 
open, placed in a shallow basin. Stalk short and stout, 
inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh yellowish-white, 
tender, very melting and juicy, with a fine brisk vinous 
juice, and a delicate, agreeable perfume. 

A delicious and very handsome pear, ripe in October. 

Doyennee Crotte. See Bed Doyenni. 

Doyenne Defais.— Fruit small, roundish-obovate, or 
Doyenne-shaped, bossed at the stalk end. Skin yellow, 
very much covered with cinnamon-coloured russet. Ey© 
rather large and wide open, set in a shallow depres- 
sion. Stalk about an inch long, set in a deep, wide, 
and furrowed cavity. Flesh tender, buttery, melting. 



182 PBAB9. 

and very juicy, ricli, sugary, and vinous, TritH a fine 
ZDuskv aroma. 

A most delicious pear ; one of the best. Bipe in De- 
cember. The tree is hardy, and a good bearer. 

Doyenne Esterckman. See Beurre 8terckman$, 

Doyenn^ d'Ete. See Summer Doyennd, 

Doyenne Galloux. See Bed JDoyermi, 

Doyenn^ Gris. See Bed DoyennS, 

Doyenne Goubault. — Fruit aboTe medium size, obo- 
fate, inclining to pyriform. Skin pale yellow, with 
markings of russet about the stalk and the eye, and 
covered with russetv dots. Eye small, set in a rather 
deep hollow. Stalk short and thick. Flesh melting, 
juicy, rich, sugary, and aromatic. An excellent pear, 
ripe in January. 

Doyenn6 d'Hiver. See Easter Beurre, 

Doyenne d'Hiver Kouveau. See Easter BeurrS. 

Doyennd Jaune. See Bed Doyenni. 

Doyenn^ de Juillet. See Summer Doyenni, 

Doyenne de Paques. See Easter BeurrS. 

Doyenne Pictee. S«e White Doyenni, 

Doyenne de Printemps. See Easter Beurri. 

Doyenni Eouge. See Bed Doyenni, 

Doyenne E-oux. See Bed Doyenni, 

Drummond. See CJiarnocJc, 

Dry Martin. See Martin sec. 

Due d'Aremberg. See Beurri d*Aremherg, 

Due de Bordeaux. See Belle Ejpine du Mas. 

Due de Brabant. See Fondante de Chameux. 

Due DE Nemoues (Canet). — Fruit growing in clusters, 
oblong-obovate. Skin yellow, strewed with reddish and 
grey dots. Eye open. Stalk an inch long, thick, inserted 
without depression on a fleshy knob. Flesh rather coarse- 
grained, juicy and sweet. A second-rate pear, ripe in 
December. 

Duchesse. See Duchesse d'AngouUme. 

DucHEssB D'ANGOULtME (DucJiessc $ JEjparonnais i de 



FSIBS. 183 

PSzSnas), — ^Fruit large, sometimes very large, rouadisii- 
obovate, Yerj uneven and bossed on its outline. Skin 
pale dull yellow, covered with, veins and freckles of pale 
brown russet. Eye open, set in a deep, irregular basin. 
Stalk an inch ana a half long, stout, inserted in a deep 
irregular cavity. Flesh white, buttery, and melting, witn 
a rich flavour when well ripened; but generally it is 
coarse-grained and half-melting, juicy, ana sweet. 

A dessert pear, sometimes of great excellence, ripe 
during October and November. 

Duchesse de Berri d'Ete. See Summer DoyennS. 
Duchesse de Berri d'Hiver. See Uvedales St. Germain. 

Duchesse db Bbabant. — Fruit medium sized, short 
pyriform, even in its outline. Skin very thin, smooth 
and shining, greenish-yellow, thickly strewed withrussety 
dots, and with a patch of russet round the eye. Eye large 
and open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, 
inserted without depression. Flesh yellowish- white, 
b ittery and melting, very juicy and sweet, with a plea- 
sant aroma. 

An agreeable and refreshing pear, ripe in November. 

Duchesse de Maes. — Fruit medium sized, obovate; 
Skin yellow, with a tinge of reddish-brown next the sun, 
and considerably covered with brown russet. Eye small 
and closed, set in a shallow depression. Stalk an inch 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh buttery, melt- 
ing, juicy, and well flavoured. Bipe in November. 

Duchesse d'Obleans {Bev/rrS St, Nicholas ; St. 
Nicholas). — Fruit large and pyriform. Skin yellow on 
the shaded side, but with a tinge of red on the side next 
the sun, mottled with greenish-brown russet. Eye open, 
set in a wide, shallow basin. Stalk three quarters of an 
inch long. Flesh yellowish-white, melting, buttery and 
juicy, with a rich, sugary, and vinous flavour, ana fine 
aroma. A most delicious pear, ripe in October. 

DuNMOEE. — Fruit large, oblong-obovate. Skin greenish, 
marked with numerous dots and patches of brown russet, 
and with, a brownish-red tinge next the sun. Eye small 
and open, set in a rather deep and narrow basin. Stalk 
an inch and a half long. Flesh yellowish-white, buttery, 
and melting, with a ricli sugary flavour. Bipe in Sep- 
tember and October. 

Early Beurrd. See Ambrosia. 



184 TEisa, 

Early Catherine (of America). See £arlg Sausselet. 

Eariy Chamock. See Chamoch. 

Eariy SoBe Angle. See Citron des Carmet, 

Ei^BLY EorssELET (De Chypre; Cffprest; Early Ca- 
ikerine ; Perdreaux ; Perdreaux Musquee ; Eotuselet 
JEL&tif). — Emit small, pyriform. Skin smooth, yellow in 
the shade, and bright red next the sun* covered with 
grey dots. Eye small, placed in a shallow basin. Stalk 
an inch long, inserted without depression. Flesh yel- 
lowish, crisp, tender and juicy, sweet and perfumed. 

An early pear, ripe in the end of July and beginniDg of 
August. 

Early Sugar. See Amire Joannet, 

Easteb Beegamot (Bergamotte de Bugi; Bergantoite 
de Pdques ; Bergamotte de Toulouse; Paddington; 
Moherts Keeping; Royal Tairlon ; Tarling). — Fruit 
medium sized, roundish-turbiuate. Skin pale green at 
first, but changing to pale yellow, and covered with 
numerous brownish-grey dots. Eye small, set in a 
shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, set in a small cavity. 
Flesh white, slightly gritty, crisp and juicy, sweet and 
aromatic. In use from March to April. 

Eastee Beubb^ (BewrrS de la PentecSte; BeurrS An* 
glaise ; Bev/rrS de Pdques; BeurrS d'Hiver deBruxelles; 
Bergamotte d*Hiver; Bergamotte de la PentecSte; Ber" 
gamotte Tardive ; Canning; Canning d* Hiver ; DoyennS 
d'lTiver ; DoyennS d'Hiver Nouveau; DoyennS de Pdques; 
Dof/ennS de Printemps ; Du Pdtre ; Philippe de Pdques ; 
Seigneur d*Siver ; Sylvange d*B[iver), — Fruit large, 
obovate, inclining to ovate. Skin pale green at first, 
but inclining to yellowish-green, ana sometimes with a 
brownish tinge next the sun, marked with a few patches 
of russet, and strewed with numerous large russet dots. 
Eye small, with loug, narrow, incurved segments set in a 
pretty deep cavity. Stalk an inch long, stout, inserted 
m a deep narrow cavity. Flesh white, buttery, and 
melting, very juicy, sugary, and richly flavoured. 

One of the best late pears, in use from January till 
March. 

EcH ASSERT {Bezi d^Echassery; Bezi de Landry; 
Muscat de Villandry ; Viandry; Verte Longue d'Miver), 
Fruit produced in clusters ; medium sized, roundish- 
oval. Skin clear yellow, covered with numerous dots 



PEABS, 189 

and patches of greylsli-brown rasset. Eye small and 
open, set in a snallow basin. Stalk an inch and a half 
long, inserted in a small knobbed cavity. Flesh white, 
buttery and melting, sugary, and with a musky flavoar. 
In use from November till Christmas. 

Elisa d'Heyst. — Fruit above medium size, or larg^ 
irregtdar-oval, widest in the middle and tapering towards 
the eye and the stalk. Skin smooth and shining, yel- 
lowish-green, clouded with russet about the stalk, and 
covered with russet dots. Eye closed, set in a deep, 
irregular basin. Stalk half an inch long, stout, and in- 
serted without depression. Flesh melting, juicy, sugary, 
and richly flavoured. Eipe in February and March. 

EUanrioch. See KarrypderCs Bergamoi, 

Eltok. — Fruit medium sized, oval. Skin greenish, 
almost entirely covered with thin grey russet, and marked 
with patches of coarser russet, with a tinge of orange on 
the part exposed to the sun. Eye small, very slightly 
depressed. Stalk stout, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh 
firm, crisp, juicy, rich, and excellent. It is »equently 
without a core and pips, the flesh being «olid throughout. 
Eipe in September, out does not keep long. 

Emerald. — Fruit medium sized, obovate, rather un- 
even in its outline. Skin pale green, vrith pale brownish- 
red next the sun, and coverea with russety dots. Eye 
open, set in a small irregular basin. Stalk an inch and a 
half long, obliquely inserted in a small cavity. Flesh 
buttery, melting, and richly flavoured. Bipe in Novem- 
ber and December. 

Ehile d'Heyst. — ^Fruit above medium size, pyramidal. 
Skin bright yellow when ripe, marked with patches and 
veins of cinnamon-coloured russet. Eye small, set in a 
narrow and rather deep basin. Stalk about an inch long, 
set in a narrow uneven cavity. Flesh tender, buttery, 
and melting, very juicy, sugary, and perfumed. No- 
vember. 

English Bergamot. See Autumn BergamoU 

English Caillot Eosat. See Caillot JRosat 

Epargne. See Jargonelle, 

Eparonanais. See Duchesse d*AngoulSme» 

Epine Dumas. See Belle JEpine du Mm* 

Epine d'Et^. See Summer Thorn. 



186 F£ABS. 

Epine d*Et^ Coxiletir de Eose. See Summer TJiorn. 

Epine d'Et^ Vert. See Summer Thorn, 

Epine d'Hirer. See Winter Thorn. 

Epine de Eochecliouart. See Belle Ejpine du Mas, 

Epine Bose. See Summer Rose, 

Epine Bose d*Hiver. See Winter Thorn, 

Etoumeau. See Winter Nelis, 

Excellentissime. See Fondante d*Automne, 

Eybwood. — Fruit below medium size, Bergamot- 
ehaped. Skin greenish-yellow, very much covered with 
pale brown russet, and large russet dots. Eye small and 
open, slightly depressed. Stalk above an inch long, 
slender, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellowish, 
exceedingly tender and melting, very juicy, with a 
sprightly vinous flavour, and a fine aroma.. 

A very excellent pear, ripe in October. The tree is 
very hardy, and a good bearer. 

Fanfareau. See Mampden's Bergamot. 

FiGUB d'Aien^gn {Bonnissime de la Sarthe; Figue 
d^Hiver. — Fruit medium sized, pyriform. Skin greenish- 
yellow, strewed with russety dots. Eye small, set in a 
shallow basin. Stalk hal f an inch long, inserted obliquely, 
without depression. Flesh greenish, melting, juicy, sweet, 
and vinous. Bipe in November and December. 

Figue d'Hiver. See Figue d'Alengon, 

Figue Musqu^e. See Windsor. 

Figue de Naples (Comtesse de FrSnol; Vigne de 
JPelone). — Fruit above medium size, oblong. Skin 
greenish-yellow, entirely covered with thin, delicate 
russet, and dark reddish-brown on the side next the sun. 
Eye open, set in a wide, shallow basin. Stalk three 

Quarters of an inch long, inserted without depression, 
lesh greenish-white, buttery and melting, with a rich 
sugary flavour. 
An excellent pear, ripe in November. 

Fingal's. See Sampdens Bergamot. 

Fin Or d'Et^. See Summer Franc BeaL 

Fin Or d'Hiver. See Winter Franc Beah 

Flemish Beauty {Belle de Flandre; Beurri des Bois i 



peahs. 187 

BeiirrS de Bourgogne ; Beiirre Davy ; Beurri Davis ; 
BevLvri d' JSlherg ; Beurre Foidard ; Beurri St. Amour; 
BeurrS Spence ; Boss Pere ; Bosc Sire ; Bouche Nouvelle ; 
Brilliant; Fondante des Bois ; GagnSe h Heuze ; Impi^ 
ratrice des Bois,) — Fruit large and obovate. Skin pale 
yellow, almost entirely covered •with yellowish-brown 
russet on the shaded side, and reddish-brown on the side 
next the sun. Eye open, set in a small, shallow basin. 
Stalk an inch long, inserted in a rather deep cavity. 
Flesh yellowish-white, buttery and melting, rich and 
sugary. Eipe in September. 

To have this excellent pear in perfection it should be 
gathered before it is thoroughly ripe, otherwise it is very 
inferior in quality. 

Flemish Bon Chb^tikn (Bon ChrStien Nouvelle; 
Bon Chrelien Tare; Bon Chretien de Vernois), — Fruit 
medium sized, obovate. Skin yellow, thickly strewed 
with russety dots, which are thickest on the side next 
the sun. Eye open, set in a small and shallow basin. 
Stalk an inch and a half long, inserted by the side of a 
fleshy swelling. Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, sweet, and 
perfumed. 

An excellent stewing pear, in use from November till 
March. 

Florence d'Et^. See Summer Bo7i Chretien, 

Fondante d*Automnb (Arhre Superhe ; Belle Jjucra* 
tive ; Bergamotte Fievd; Beurri d'Albret; BeurrS Lu- 
cratif; Fxcellentissime ; Gresiliere ; Lucrate ; Seigneur ; 
Seigneur d'Fsperen), — Fruit large, obovate, and hand- 
somely shaped. Skin lemon-yellow, with tinges of green 
over the surface, marked with patches of yellowish-brown 
russet. Eye small and open, set in a shallow basin. Stsdk 
long, fleshy at the base, and obliquely inserted without 
depression. Flesh white, very tender, fine-grained and 
melting, very juicy, sugary, and aromatic. 

A delicious autumn pear, ripe during September and 
October. 

Fondante des Bois. See Flemish Beauty, 

Fondante de3 Chabneux (Belle Fxcellente ; BeurrS 
des Charneuses ; Desirde Van Mons ; Due de Brabant; 
Miel de Waterloo),— Ytmt large, pyriform, uneven in its 
outline. Skin greenish-yellow, with a faint tinge of red 
on the side next the sun, and thickly strewed with russet 



188 PEABS. 

dots. Eye large and open, set in a shallow, uneven basin. 
Stalk upwards of an inch long, euryed and inserted with- 
out depression by the side of a fleshy lip. Flesh tender, 
buttery, and melting, sugary, and richly flavoured. Eipe 
in November, 

Fondante de Jaflard. See Colmar d* Aremherg^ 

Fondante de Malines. See Winter Nelis, 

Fondante de Mons. See Passe Colmar, 

Fondante Musqu^e. See Summer Thorn, 

Foir DANTE DE NoEL {Belle ajpresNoel; Belle de Noel; 
Bonne de Noel). — Fruit medium sized, turbinate. Skin 
yellow next the sun, covered with traces of russet and 
numerous russet dots, sometimes tinged with red on the 
side. Eye closed, set in a broad, shallow basin. Stalk 
long, oblijiuely inserted by the side of a fleshy lip. Flesh 
melting, juicy, sweet, and well flavoured. December 
and January. 

Fondante de Parisel. See Basse Colmar, 

Fondante Van Mons. — Fruit medium sized, roundish, 
and somewhat depressed. Skin thin and delicate, of a 
fine waxen-yellow colour, mottled with very thin cinna- 
mon-coloured russet. Eye open, set in a very shallow 
depression. Stalk an inch long, set in a narrow and 
rather deep cavity. Flesh white, juicy, melting, and 
BUgary, with a slightly perfumed flavour. September 
and October. 

An excellent dessert pear, but not so rich a» Fondante 
d'Automne, which is ripe at the same time. 

FoxBLLB {Trout; Truit), — Fruit medium sized, oblong- 
obovate, but sometimes assuming a pyriform shape. Skin 
smooth and shining, of a fine lemon -yellow colour on the 
shaded side, and bright crimson on the side next the sun, 
covered with numerous crimson spots, which from their 
resemblance to the markings on a trout have suggested 
the name. Eye small, set in a rather shallow basin. 
Stalk an inch long, slender, inserted in a small shallow 
cavity. Flesh white, delicate, buttery, and melting, with 
a rich sugary and vinous fiavour. 

An excellent pear, in use from November till February. 
The tree is hardy, and a good bearer. 

FoETUNEB {Bergamotte Fortunie ; Fortunie Barmen" 
/wr).— Fruit below medium size, roundish-turbinate, un- 



even in its outline. Skin deep yellow, covered all over 
with flakes and lines of brown russet. Eye closed, deeply 
sunk. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, stout. Flesh 
half-melting, juicy, and sweet. 
A stewing pear, in use from January till May. 

De Fosse. See Jargonelle, 

Franc Eeal d'Ete. See Summer Franc HeaL 

Franc Heal Gros. See AngSlique de Bordeaux, 

Franc Eeal d'Hiver. See Winter Franc EeaL 

Feedebic Le Clebc. — Fruit above medium size, short, 
pyriform. Skin green at first, but changing as it ripens 
to yellow ; slightly mottled with russet. Eye open, set 
in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, woody. Flesh 
yeUowish, buttery, melting, and very juicy, sugary, and 
rich. Bipe in November. 

Feedebic de Wuetembubg. — Fruit large, obtuse- 
pyriform. Skin smooth, deep yellow, marbled and dotted 
with red on the shaded side, and of a beautiful bright 
crimson next the sun. Eye large and open, placed almost 
level with the surface. Stalk thick. Flesh very white* 
tender, buttery, r.nd melting, rich, juicy, sugary, and 
delicious. 

A remarkably fine pear, ripe in October. In the year 
1858 it was as nnely navoured as the Jargonelle. 

Gagn^e a Heuze. See Flemish Beauty, 

Galston Moobfowl*s Egg. — Fruit below medium 
size, short obovate. Skin greenish-yellow, entirely covered 
with thin pale brown russet, and mottled with red next 
the sun. Eye open, set in a wide, shallow basin. Stalk 
about an inch long. Flesh yellowish, tender, sweei, and 
juicy. 

Axk excellent Scotch pear with a peculiar aroma, ripe in 
the end of September. 

Gambi6r. See Basse Colmar, 

Gan8EL*8 Bebgamot {Bonne Rouge; Brocas* Berga* 
mot ; Diamant ; Gurle's Beurre ; Ives Bergamot ; Staun- 
ion). — Fruit above medium size, or large; roundish- 
obovate, and flattened at the apex. Skin greenish-yellow 
on the shaded side, and reddish-brown next the sun, the 
whole thickly strewed with russety dots and specks. Eye 
small and open, set in a shallow Dasin. Stalk short and 



190 FBAB8. 

fleshy. Plesli wliite, buttery, melting, and very juicy, 
sugary and aromatic. 

A fine old dessert pear, ripe during October and No- 
vember. In warm situations it ripens well on a standard, 
but it generally requires a walL 

Garde Ecosse. See GilogiL 

Gendesheim (Verlaine ; Verlatne d*HtS). — Fruit 
medium sized, obtuse-pyriform. Skin pale greenish- 
yellow, thickly covered with grey russety dots. Eye 
small and open, placed in a shallow depression. Stalk 
an inch long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh buttery, 
with a rich sugary and somewhat musky flavour. 

An excellent pear, in use during October and No- 
vember. 

Genebal Todtleben. — Fruit very large, pyriform. 
Skin yellow, covered with dots and patches of brown 
russet. Eye open, set in a wide furrowed basin. Stalk 
an inch long, set in a small cavity. Flesh with a rosy 
tinge, very melting and juicy, slightly gritty, with a rich, 
sugary, and perfumed juice. 

A new Belgian pear, which fruited for the first time in 
1855, said to be very excellent. In use from December 
to February. 

German Baker. See Uvedah^s St. Germain* 

GiLOGiL (Beurri Geerards ; Garde Ecosse ; Gil'6-gile ; 
Gohert; Gros Gohet), — Fruit very large, roundish-turbi- 
nate. Skin yellowish in the shade and brownish next 
the sun, entirely covered with thin brown russet. Eye 
large, set in a deep and plaited basin. Stalk an inch 
long, deeply inserted. Flesh firm, crisp, sweet, and 
juicy. 

An excellent stewing pear, in use from November to 
February. 

De Glace. See Vtrgouleuse, 

Glou Mobceau (BeurrS de Camhronne; Beurrd 
d* Hardenpont ; BeurrS de Kent; BeurrS Lombard ; De 
Cambron; Colmar d* JSiver ; Got Luc de Cambron ; Goulu 
Mbrceau ; Sardenpont d*Hiver; Linden d^Automne; 
JRoi de Wurtemburg). ^^'Fruit above medium size, obovate, 
narrowing obtusely from the bulge to the eye and the 
stalk. Skin smooth, pale greenish-yellow, covered with 
greenish-grey russet dots, and slight markings of russet. 
£ye open, set in a rather deep oasin. Stalk an inch 



PEABS. 191 

and a half long, inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh 
white, tender, smooth, and buttery, of a rich and sugary 
flavour. 

A flrst-rate dessert pear, in use from December to 
January. 

Gobert. See GrilogiL 

Golden Knap. — This is a very small roundish-turbi- 
nate russety pear, of no great merit. It is grown ex- 
tensively in the orchards of the border counties and 
in the Carse of Gowrie; and, being a prodigious and 
constant bearer, is well adapted for orchard planting 
where quantity and not quahty is the object, ^ipe in 
October. 

Got Luc de Cambron. See Glou Morceau. 

Goulu Morceau. See Glou Mbrceau* 

Gracieuse. See JSelle et Bonne, 

Grand Monarque. See Oatillac, 

Gband Soleil. — Fruit large, roundish-turbinate. Skin 
very rough to the feel, entirely covered with dark-brown 
russet of the colour of that which covers the EoyalBusset 
apple. Eye open, set in a pretty deep basin. Stalk an 
inch and a quarter loDg, thick and flesh}r, swelling out at 
the base into the substance of the fruit. Flesh white, 
coarse-grained, crisp and very juicy, sweet and sugary, 
with a pleasant flavour. November. 

Gratioli. See Summer Bon ChrStien* 

GratioH d'Hiver. See BeurrS DieL 

Gratioli di Eoma. See Summer Bon Chritien. 

Great Bergamot. See Sampden^s Bergamot. 

Geeen Chisel. — Fruit very small, growing in clus- 
ters, roundish-turbinate. Skin green, with sometimes a 
brownish tinge next the sun. Eye large and open. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted without depres- 
sion. Flesh juicy and sweet. 

An old-fashioned early pear, of little merit. £ipe in 
August. 

Green Windsor. See TFtndsor* 

Gbebn Yaib. — Fruit below medium size, obovate. 
Skin smooth, dark green, changing to yellowish-green as 
it ripens, and strewed with patches and dots of russet. 



192 I>£ABS. 

E3'e large, open, and prominent. Stalk three quarters of 
an inch long, obliquely inserted. Flesh tender, juibyi 
and sugary. 
A good Scotch pear, ripe in September. 

Gresiliere. See Fondante d^Automne, 

Grey Achan. See ChaumonteL 

Grey Doyenne. See JRed DoyennS* 

Grey Goose. See Ghos Housselet, 

Groom's Peinckss Eoyal. — Fruit medium sized, 
roundish. Skin greenish, marked with russet, and with 
a brownish tinge next the sun. Eye small and open, set 
in a slight depression. Stalk short and thick. Flesh 
buttery, melting, rich, and sugary. In use from January 
till March. 

Gros Gilot. See Catillac. 

Gros Gobet. See GilogiL 

Gros Micet. See Winter Franc Real. 

Gbos E-ousselet {Gros Rousselet de Itheims; Grey 
Goose; Hoi d*FtS), — Fruit medium sized, obtuse-pyri- 
form, and rounded at the apex. Skin of a fine deep 
yellow colour, with brownish-red next the sun, and thickly 
strewed with russety dots. Eye small and open. Stalt 
an inch and a half to two inches long. Flesh whitej 
tender, half-melting, very juicy, vinous, and musky. 
August and September. 

Gros Eousselet de Bheims. See Gros Rousselet* 
Gros St. Jean. See Citron des Carmes, 
Grosse Cuisse Madame. See Jargonelle, 
Grosse Dorothde. See BeurrS Diet. 
Grosse Jargonelle. See Windsor, 
Grosse Ognonet. See Summer Archduke. "* 

Guernsey Chaumontel. See ChaumonteL 
Gurle's Beurr^. See GanseVs Bergamot* 

Hacon's Incompaeable (Dow7iham Seedling). — Fruit 
above medium size, roundish. Skin pale yellowish- 
green, sometimes with a brownish tinge on one side, and 
strewed with russety dots. Eye small and open, set in ^ 
shallow basin. Stalk an inch long. Flesh white, buttery 



1*SABS. 193 

and melting, witH a ricli sugary, TinotiB, and highly per« 
fumed flavour. 

An excellent hardy pear, in use from November to 
January. 

Hampden's Bebgamot (Belle d'Aout; Belle de 
Bruxelles ; Belle saris JEpines; BergamoUe d*Eti Grosser 
BergamottedeBaysans; Ellanrioch; Fanfareau; Fingals: 
Great Bergamot ; Longueville ; Scotch Bergamot),^ 
Fruit above medium size, abrupt pyriform. Skin smooth, 
of a fine clear lemon yellow, strewed with dots and flakes 
of thin pale brown russet, and with a tinge of bright red 
on the side next the sun. Eye rather small, set in an 
uneven shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted with- 
out depression. Flesh pure white, tender, melting, and 
juicy, sweet, and with a high aroma. 

A fine showy and excellent early pear, ripe in the 
middle and end of August, but soon decays at the core. 

Hardenpont d'Hiver. See Glou Morceau, 

Hardenpont de Printemps. See BeurrS de JRance, 

Harvest Pear. See Amire Joannet. 

Hazel. See Sessle, 

Heliotb Dun das (Rousselet Janmin), — Fruit medium 
sized, pyriform, even, and regularly formed. Skin smooth 
and somewhat shining, lemon yellow, with a brilliant red 
cheek, dotted with large dark-red specks. Eye small, 
and deeply set. Stalk upwards of an inch long. Flesh 
white, half-buttery, and not very juicy ; very sweet, 
piquant, and perfumed. Eripe in October, and soon rots 
at the core. 

Henbi Capeon. — Fruit medium sized, egg-shaped. 
Skin pale yellow, mottled with pale brown, sprinkled 
with flakes and dots of delicate russet. Eye nearly 
closed. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, stout. 
Flesh yellowish-white, buttery, and highly aromatic. 
£ipe in October and November. 

Henri Quatre. See BLenry the Fourth, 

Hkneiette Bottvieb. — Fruit abont medintt crises 
roundish-obovate. Skin pale yellow, covered with patches 
and network of smooth cinnamon-coloured russet, and 
sometimes with an orange tinge next the sun. Eye small, 
and almost level with the surface. Stalk an inch or more 
in length, inserted without depression. Flesh very tender, 

o 



194 pxijus. 

buttery and melting> very neh and sngary, with a fine 
perfume. 

A very fine pear, ripe in the beginning and middle of 
December. 

Henry the Foueth {Henri Quatre; Jacquin), — Fruit 
small, obtuse-pyriform. Skin greenish, pale yellow^ con- 
siderably covered with pale cinnamon-coloured russet, 
and grey specks. Eye small and open. Stalk an ineh 
long, obliquely inserted. Flesh white, rather coarse* 
grained, but very juicy and melting, with a rich^ sugary, 
and aromatic flavour. 

A most delicious little pear, ripe in September. 

Hessle (Hazel ; Hessel), — Fruit below medium iize, 
turbinate. Skin greenish-yellow, very much covered 
with lar^e russety dots, which give it a freckled appear- 
ance. Eye small and open, slightly dei»ressed. Skidk 
an inch long, obliquely inserted without depression. 
Flesh tender, very juicy, sweet, and with a hi^h aroma. 

An excellent market-gardening pear, ripe m October. 
The tree is a most abundant and regular bearer. 

His. See Baronne de Mello, 

Holland Bergamot. See BergamoUe d* Hollander 

Hubard. See Beurr4 d'Amanlis, 

Huntingdon. See Ztammas, 

Huyshe'sBebgamot— Fruit large, inclining to obovate. 
Skin tolerably smooth, considerably covered with russet. 
Eye somewhat open, moderately depressed. Stalk short, 
thick, and obliquely inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh 
yellowish- white, exceedingly melting and juicy, some- 
what gritty at the core ; rich, sugary, and delicious. 

A remarkably fine pear, in use in the end of December 
and January. 

HuY8HB*8 ViCTOBiA. — Fruit medium sized, oval and 
almost cylindrical, flat at the ends. Skin yellowish,, 
freckled with russet. Eye small,, set in a shallow de- 
pression. Stalk very short and thick, not deeply inserted. 
S'lesh melting, rather gritty at the core, juicy, rich, and 
sugary, with a brisk acidity. In use during December 
and January, but not equal to the preceding. 

Imperatrtce de Bois. See Flemish Beauty, 

L'Inconnub (L*Inconnue Van Mons). — Fruit large 
flEod pyriform. Skin rough to the feel, greenish-yellow. 



lit 

eorered with large fctvy dots ftnd pat^bes of cmDfiR&on* 
eoloured russet. Eye sm«U and Bomettmen wanting, Mt 
in a deep baain. Stalk an ineli to an ineh and a qoarter 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh yellowish, fen, 
very juicy, rich, and sugary, with an agreeable ar<MDMU 
A very excellent winter pear, ripe in Februaory. 

Ineonnne la. Fare. See 8t. Qermaim, 

Isambert le Bon. See Brown Beurrd, 

Ive's Bergamot. See GanseVs Bergamot. 

Jaekman'a Melting. See King Edward* $• 

Jacquin. See JSenry the Fourth, 

Jalousie de Fontenay {Belle d*JSsquerme; Jalousie 
de Fontenay Vendue).— Fruit medium sized, obtuse-pyzir 
form. Stin greenish-yellow, tinged with red on the 
exposed side, and covered with russety dots and patches. 
Eye closed. Stalk an inch long. Flesh white, buttery, 
melting, and richly flavoured. October and November. 

J AUISETTB (Austrasie ; Banneaux; Belle d*Ausirasie; 
Bergamotte d'Austrasie ; Colmar Jaminette ; Crasscmne 
d'Austrasie; Josephine; Maroit ; Byrole ; Sabine), — 
Fruit medium sized, turbinate. Skin pale yellowish- 
green, thickly covered with brown dots, and marked! with 
cinnamon-coloured russet next the sun and round the 
stalk. Eye open, set in a rather deep basin. Stalk 
about an inch long, obliquely inserted. Flesh white, 
Tery jnicy and melting, sugary and vinous. 

A hrst-rate pear, in use from November to January. 

Jargonelle (Beau Present; Belle Vih*ge ;. Beurri 
de Paris ; Chopine ; Cueillette; Epargne ; Ih Fosse; 
GrTosse Cuisse Madame; Mouille BoucAe d'EtS; Sweet 
Summer ; St. Lambert; St. Samson; De la Table dee 
Princes). — Fruit large and pyriforra. Skin SEnooth, 
greenish-yellow, with a tinge of dark brownish-red next 
the sun. Eye large and open. Stalk about two inches 
long, slender, and obliquely inserted without depres^on. 
Flesh yellowish- white, tender, melting, and very juicy, 
with a rich piquant flavour, and slight musky aroma. 

A flrst-rate pear, ripe in August. 

Jean de Witte. — Fruit medium sized, obovate. Skin 
smooth, of a greenish-yellow colour, covered with nume- 
rous small grey dots, and a few markings of thin cinna- 
mon-coloured russet. Eye small and closed, rather 



196 PBASS. 

deeply set. Stalk an inch or more in length. Flesh 
yellowish, fine-grained, buttery, and melting, with a rieh 
suganr fiayour not unlUce that of Glou Morceau. 
A mrst-rate pear, in use from January till March. 

JiRUBTLY Geatioli (Bedminster Cfratioli ; Norris* Fear). 
— Fruit above medium size, roundish-obovate. Skin, 
greenish-yellow, covered with large, rough, russet spots, 
and tinged with pale brown next the sim. Eye open, 
set in an even, shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, 
in a narrow cavity. Flesh yellowish-white, very melt- 
ing, rich, sugary, and with a fine sprightly vinous 
flavour. 

A very excellent pear. Eipe in October. 

Jewess (La Juive). — Fruit medium sized, p3rramida]. 
Skin of a uniform pale yellow colour, mottled with pale 
brown russet, and thickly covered with russet dots. Eve 
small and open, with short, erect segments even with the 
surface. Stalk about an inch long, stout, and tapering 
into the fruit, or obliquely inserted. Flesh yellowiah, 
buttery, and melting, very juicy, sugary, and rich. 

A most delicious pear. Itipe in December. 

Joannet. See AmirS Jbannet. 
John. See Monsieur Jean, 
John Dory. See Monsieur Jean, 
Josephine. See Jaminette, 

Josephine db Malines. — Fruit about medium size. 
Skin yellow, with a greenish tinge on the shaded side 
and with a tinge of red on the side next the sun ; the 
whole surface strewed with large russet spots. Eye 
open, set in a rather shallow depression. 8talk three 
quarters of an inch long, stout, and inserted in a narrow 
cavity. Flesh yellowish, with a tinge of red, meltine 
and very juicy, sugary, vinous, and richly flavoured, with 
a high rosewater aroma. 

A most delicious pear, in use from February till May. 
The tree is hardy, and an excellent bearer. 

La Juive. See Jewess. 
Xaissoise. See Beurre d'Amanlis, 
Kartofell. See Colmar d*Aremherg, 
De Kienzheim. See ValUe Franch$* 
King Pear. See Caillot Mosai. 



Exva Edwasd's (Jaekman's Melting), — Fruit very 
large, the size and shape of Uvedale's St. Germain. Skill 
smooth and shining, of a beautiful grass-green colour, 
which it retains even when ripe, and with a flush of 
reddish-brown on the exposed side, thickly dotted all 
oyer with large brown russet dots. Eye open, set in a 
narrow, plaited basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted 
without depression. Elesh fine-grained, tender and melt- 
ing, juicy, but not yery sugary, and with a perfume of 
musk. 

The largest really melting pear, and, for its size, yery 
good. Eipe in September ana October. 

Knight's Monarch. See Mbnarek, 
Songe. See Windsor. 
Lafare. See 8L Germain. 

Lammas (Huntingdon), — Fruit below medium size, 
pyramidal, regidar and handsome. Skin pale yellow, 
streaked with red, and coyered with red on tne siae next 
the sun. Eye open, yery slightly depressed. Stalk half 
an inch long, inserted without depression. Flesh tender, 
juicy, and melting, with an agreeable flayour. Bipe in 
the beginning and middle of August. 

The tree is hardy, and a most abundant bearer. 

Lammas [of the Scotch]. See Crawford. 

Laubb db Gltmes. —Fruit aboye medium size, pyra* 
midal, . Skin entirely coyered with a coat of fawn-coloured 
russet, with mottles of lemon-coloured ground shining 
through. Eye open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an 
inch long, stout and fleshy, not depressed. Flesh white, 
tender and juicy, sweet and highly perfumed. Bipe in 
the beginning of October. 

De Layault. See Williams' Bon Chritien. 
Lent St. Germain. See Uvedale's St, Germain. 

Jjtov LB Clebo db LAyAL. — Fruit large, long-oboyate, 
and rounding towards the eye. Skin smooth and shining, 
yellow, strewed with brown dots, and marked with 
tracings of russet. Eye large, with long, straight, nar- 
row segments, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch and 
a half long, inserted without depression by the side of 
a fleshy lip. Flesh white, half-melting or crisp, juicy, 
sweet, and perfumed. 

An excellent stewing pear, which in some seasons ia 



kiilf-mekiag, and is in u&e from Jancwfy till May and 
June. 

L£oN MS Cl««g d« Loittatn. — Fruit medittm sized, 
longish-oval, and blunt at both ends. Skin of a yellow 
eolour, washed with red on the side next ihe sun. Eye 
large and closed. Stalk an inch long, and pretty thick. 
Flesh yellowish, half-melting, juicy, sweet, and pretty 
well flavoured. B.ipe in the miadle of November. 

Both of the above are very distinct pears from Van 
Mens L^on le Clerc. 

Leopold the First. — Fruit medium sized, oval^ in- 
clining to pyriform. Skin greenish-yellow, covered with 
flakes and dots of russet. Eye open, irregular, slightly 
depressed. Stalk an inch long, thick and curved. Flesh 
yellowish- white, melting, very juicy, rich, sugary, and 
nighly perfumed. 

A first-rate dessert pear. E-ipe in December and 
January. The tree forms a very handsome pyramid. 

Lewis. — Fruit medium sized, oblong-obovate. Skin 
pale green, assuming a yellow tinge as it ripens, thickly 
covered with brown russet dots and with patches of 
russet round the stalk and the eye. Eye large and open, 
slightly depressed. Stalk an inch and three quarters 
long, slender, and inserted without depression. Flesh 
yellowish- white, very tender, melting, and very juicy, 
neh and sugary, with a somewhat aromatic flavour. 

An excellent pear, in use from November to January. 
The tree is an abundant bearer and hardy. 

Liard. See Najpolion, 

Linden d'Automne. See Qlov, M&rceau^ 

Lodoe. — Fruit about medium size, obtuse-pyriform. 
Skin smooth and shining, yeliowish-green, mottled with 
darker green ; marked with a few flesh-coloured dots on 
the side next the sun, and strewed all over with faint 
tracings of delicate russet. Eye closed, set in a shallow 
basin. Stalk upwards of an inch long, slender, inserted 
without depression. Flesh white, tender, melting, and 
jaicy, but with no particular aroma or flavour, llipe in 
October. 

This is somewhat like Louise Bonne of Jersey, but very 
inferior to that variety. 

Lougueville. See JTaTxtpden's BergamoU 



199 

London SuoiJt.— Froit below medium size, tnrbinate. 
Skin pale green, becoming yellow when ripe, with a 
brownish tinge when fully exposed to the sun. Eye 
•mail, half-open, prominent, and surrounded with puckered 
pimits. Stalk an inch long, slender, obliquely inserted. 
Flesh tender, melting, rery juicy, sugary, and musky. 
Bipe in the end of July and beginning of August. 

Lord Cheyne's. See Bergamotte d* Hollande. 

Louise d'Avranches. See Louise Bonne of Jersey, 

Loviss BoKNE OP Jeesey {BeurrS d*Avranches; Bcnne 
d*Avranches ; Bonne de Longtieval ; Bonne Louise 
d*ArandorS; Louise d* Avranches ; William the Fourth), — 
Fruit medium sized, pyriform. Skin smooth, yellow on 
the shaded side, but crimson next the sun, covered with 
crimson and russety dots. Eye small and open, set in a 
rather deep basin. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, 
obliquely inserted without depression. Flesh white, but- 
tery, and melting, with a rich, sugary, and brisk vinous 
flavour. 

A most delicious pear, ripe in October. The tree is a 
good bearer, and succeeds well as a pyramid on the quince. 

Lucrate. See Fondante d*Automne, 

Mabile. See NapoUon. 

Madame. See Windsor, 

Madame Durieux. — Fruit medium sized, bergamot- 
shaped. Skin greenish-yellow, mottled with large patches 
of russet, particularly about the stalk, and dotted and 
streaked with the same. Eye closed, slightly depressed. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long. Flesh white, 
melting, buttery, juicy, and with a bergamot flavour. 
Bipe in the end of October and beginning of November. 

Madame de France. See Windsor, 

Madeleine. See Citron des Carmes, 

March Besgamot. — Fruit medium sized, bergamot- 
shaped. Skin yellow, covered with minute russet dots, 
which cause it to feel rough. Eye open, set in a wide, 
even basin. Stalk an inch or more long, woody, inserted 
in a deep, round cavity. Flesh yellowish, firm, breaking 
half-melting, very juicy, and with a high bergamot flavour. 

An excellent pear for the season. Eipe during March, 
and April. 



200 PAiUS. 

Marianne Nouvelle* See JBeurrS Bose. 
Marie Chrdtienne. See Marie Louise. 

Mabie Louisb (JBraddick*s Meld Standard; Marie 
Chritienne ; Marie Louise Delcourt ; Priticesse de Parme ; 
Van DoncJclelaar), — Fruit large, oblong or pyriform. 
Skin smooth, greenish-yellow, marked with tracings of 
thin brown russet. Eye small and open, set in a narrow, 
rather deep and uneven basin. Stalk an inch and a half 
long, inserted obliquely without depression. Flesh white, 
delicate, buttery, and melting, very juicy, and exceed- 
ingly rich, sugary, and vinous. 

One of our very best pears. Eipe in October and 
November. The tree is an excellent bearer; but the 
bloom is tender. It succeeds well either on the pear or 
the quince, forming a handsome pyramid. 

Marie Louise Delcourt. See Marie Louise. 

Marie Louise Nova. See Comte de Lamy. 

Mar^chal de la Oour. See Conseiller de la Cour* 

Maroit. See Jaminette. 

Marotte Sucr^. See Passe Colmar, 

Maetin Sec (Dry Martin ; Martin Sen de Champagne; 
Martin Sec d*Hiver), — Fruit medium sized, obtuse-pyri- 
form. Skin smooth and delicate, entirely covered with 
cinnamon-coloured russet on the shaded side, and bright 
red next the sun. Eye small and open, set in a plaited 
basin. Stalk an inch and a half long, insertea in a 
small cavity. Flesh breaking, rather di^, but sweet and 
perfumed. 

An excellent stewing pear, in use from November tiU 
January. 

Martin Sec de Champagne. See Martin Sec 

Martin Sec d*Hiver. See Martin Sec, 

De Maune. See Colmar. 

Medaille. See NapolSon. 

Melon. See BeurrS Diel. 

Messire Jean (Chaulis; John; John Dory ; Messire 
Jean Blanc; Messire Jaune Dori; Monsieur John). — 
Fruit medium-sized, turbinate, inclining to obovate. 
Skin greenish-yellow, thickly covered with brown 
russet. Eye small and open. Stalk an inch and a 



half long. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, sngary, and 
gritty. 

A dessert pear of little merit. Bipe in Koyember and 
Pecember. 

Miel de Waterloo. See Fondanie Chameu»» 

Milanaise Cuvelier. See Winter Nelis. 

Millet de Nancy. — ^Fruit rather below medium size, 
pjriform. Skin smooth, light green, becoming yellow at 
maturity. Flesh pale yellow, buttery, melting, and juicy, 
sugary, and agreeably perfumed. Kipe in October and 
November. 

MoccAS. — ^Fruit medium si^ed, oval, uneven and bossed 
in its outline. Skin lemon coloured, marked with patches 
and veins of thin pale brown russet, and strewed with 
russet dots. Eye somewhat closed, set in a deep, uneven, 
and furrowed basin. Stalk an inch long, rather deeply 
inserted. Flesh ;^ellowi8h, fine-grained, tender and melt- 
ing, with a rich vinous juice and musky flavour. 

A very fine pear. Eipe in December and January. 

MoNABCH (Knight* 8 Mana/rch), — Fruit medium sized* - 
roundish. Skin yellowish-green, very much covered with 
brown russet, and strewed with grey-russet specks. Bye 
small and open, set in a shallow undulating basin. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a small cavity, 
frequently without depression. Flesh yellowish, buttery, 
melting, and very juicy, with a rich, piquant, sugary, and 
agreeably perfumed flavour. 

One of the most valuable pears. Bipe in December 
and January. The tree is very hardy, an excellent 
bearer, and forms a handsome pyramid. 

Monsieur de Clion. See Vicar of Winkfield. 

Monsieur le Our^. See Vicar of WinJcfield* 

Monsieur John. See Messire Jean, 

Monstrueuse de Landes. See Catillae* 

MoBEL. — ^Fruit about medium sized, obovate. Skin 
yellow, thickly freckled with large russet spots. Eye 
half open, not depressed. Stalk an inch ana a quarter 
long, stout. Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, and 
sweet, with an agreeable flavour. 

This in colour and flavour is like Hessle, but ripens in 
April, and is a good variety for that late season* 

Houille Bouche. See Verte Longue. 



M ouiUe Bonelie d'Automue. See Yerie Lonigme^ 

Mouille Bouche d'Et^. See Jargonelle. 

Mtjibfowl's Eoa. — Fruit below medium size. 
Skin entirely covered with fine cinnamon-ooloared nunet, 
brownish-red next the sun, and thickly covered with grey- 
russet dots. Eye half open, set in a round depression. 
Stalk an inch long, set in a small, roimd eavity. Flesh 
tender, luicy, sweet, and brisk, with a strong musky per- 
fiune. Bipe in October. 

Muscat de Yillandry. See JSchctssety. 

Napoleon (Bonaparte; Bon Chretien NapolSon; BeurrS 
NapolSon; Captrf de St.Hilhne; Charles X.,, Gloire 
de VEmpereur; Liard; Mahile ; Medaille; JSfapoldon 
fTSiver; JRoi de Mome; SucrSe Dori; Wurtemhurg), — 
Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform. Skin smooth, greenish- 
yellow, covered with numerous brown dots. Eye par- 
tially open, moderately depressed. Stalk three quarters 
of an meh long, stout, and inserted in a round, pretty 
deep, cavity. Flesli white, tender, melting, and very 
juicy, with a rich, sugary, and refreshing flavour. 

A first-rate pear. Itipe in November and December. 
Succeeds best against a wall. 

Naves Peintbx. — Fruit medium sized, egg-shaped, 
even and regularly formed. Skin yellowish-green on 
the shaded side, and marked with bands of brown russet, 
but with a blush of brownish-red next the sun. Eye 
open, very slightly depressed. Stalk an inch long, rather 
slender, not depressed. Flesh yellowish, melting very 
juicy, piquant, and sugary, with a fine aroma. 

A very fine pear. Bipe in the end of September* 

Neige. See White DoyennS, 
Neige Grise. See Ited DoyennS, 
Nelis d'Hiver. See Winter Nelis, 

Ne Plus Meubis. — Fruit medium sized.roundish-turbi- 
nate, very uneven, and bossed on its surface. Skin rough, 
dull yellow, very much covered with dark brown russet. 
Eye half open, generally prominent. Stalk very short, 
not at all depressed, frequently appearing as a mere knob 
on the apex of the fruit. Flesh yellowish- white, buttery 
and melting, with a rich, sugary, and vinous flavour. 

A first-rate pear. Ripe from January till March. It 
succeeds well as a pyramid, but is best from a wall. 



Ne Plus Meuris [of ilie FrrHKili]. See Bevrre d' Ai^mt. 

Neuyb Maisoha. — Fruit large, pjnimidal, erea and 
regularly formed. Skin smooth, of a uniform yellow 
colour, thickly strewed with large russet dots, and a few 
patches of thin russet. Eye open, set in a narrow and 
round basin. Stalk an inch or more in length, very 
stout, inserted in a narrow depression. Plesh coanse* 
grained, melting, with a thin, somewhat Tinous* Juice, 
but without muck flavour. Eipe in October and No- 
Temher. 

New Autnmn. See Jargonelle. 

New York Eed-Cheek. See Sechle, 

NoTAiKE MiNOT. — Fruit medium sized, roundish- 
obovate. Skin pale yellowish-green, considerably covered 
with patches and large dots of rough brown russet. Eye 
open, set in a narrow and shallow basin. Stalk an inch 
long, stout, inserted by the side of a fleshy lip. Flesh 
yel&wish, rather coarse-grained, but meltfDg^ and with • 
fine brisk, irinoos, and sugary flavour. 

A very good pear. E>ipe in January and February. 

NouTEAU PoiTEAU (Tomhe de V Amateur), — Fruit 
very large, obtuse-obovate or pyramidal. Skin greenish- 
vellow, or pale yellow, mottled and stredced with pale 
brown russet. Eye closed, pkoed in a slight depression. 
Stalk an inch to an inch and a quarter long, obliquely 
inserted in a small cavity. Flesh fine-grained, buttery, 
melting, and very juicy, nch, sugary, and highly perfumed. 

A first-rate pear. Sripe during November, but keeps 
only a short time. 

Nouvelle Boussoch. See DoyennS BouMoch, 

Nutmeg. See Bezi de Caissoy. 

CEuF. — Fruit small, oval. Skin smooth, greenish- 
yellow, marked with light red on the exposed side, and 
strewed with grey nusety dots. Eye small and open« 
set in an uneven depression. Stalk an inch long, in- 
serted in a small cavitv. FJesh whitish, tender and 
meking, rich, sugary, and musky. 

A very good summer pear. Bipe in August, and keeps 
for three weeks without decaying, which is a reoom* 
mendation at this season. 

Ognonet. See Summer Archduke, 

Ognonet Musqu^. See Summer Archduke. 



9M PKAXS. 

Oken d'HiTflr. See Wimier Oiem. 
L'Orplieline. Bee Beurri d*Aremherg. 
L'Orpheline d'Engheiii. See BeurrS d'Aremberg. 
Oxford ChamiiaiiteL See CkaunumteL 
Paddingtoiu See M<uter Bergamot, 

Pijupiss d'Automhb. — Fruit below medium size, 
piriform. Sldn coyered with a coat of rough, dark- 
cmDamon coloured russet, which is strewed wilii grey 
dots. Eye yery small and open, set in a shallow basin. 
Stalk an inch and a quarter lon^, obliquely insei^ted with- 
out depression. Flesh fine-gramed, butt^y and melting, 
rich, sugary, and with a fine piquant and peitumed flayour. 

A remarkably fine pear. Kipe in October and I^'o- 
Tember. 

Parkinson's Warden. See BlacJe Worcester. 

Passavs db Pobtuoal. — Fruit medium sized, oblate. 
Skin pale yellow, with a liyely red cheek. Eye opeA, 
set in a shallow depression. Stalk an inch long, inserted 
in a small round cavity. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, suguy, 
and perfumed. Bipe in the end of August and Deginning 
of September. 

Passb Colmab (BeurrS d*Argen8on; Cellite; Chap- 
man* 9; Chapman's Basse Colmar ; Colmar Bori; Col- 
mar Bpineux; Colmar d* Hardenpont ; Colmar Breul; 
Colmar Souveraine; Fondante de Barisel; Fondante de 
Mons; Gambler; Marotte Sucri; Basse Colmar DorS ; 
Basse Colmar JEpineux ; Basse Colmar Chris; Brecel; 
Brisent de Malines; Bucelle Condesienne; Begentin; 
Souverain). — Fruit medium sized, oboyate. Skin smooth, 
of a fine uniform deep lemon colour, with a tinge of red 
on the side next the sun, strewed with numerous brown 
dots and veins of russet. Eye open, set in a wide shallow 
basin. Stalk from three quarters to an inch loug, in- 
serted In a small sheath-like cavity. Flesh yellowish- 
white, buttery, melting, and very juicy, with a rich, 
sugary, vinous, and aromatic flavour. 

An excellent pear. Bipe during November and De« 
cember. The tree is an excellent bearer, and forms a 
handsome pyramid. It requires a rich, warm soil, other- 
wise the flesh is crisp and gritty. In exposed situations 
it requires a wall. 

Passe Colmar Dor^. See Basse Colmar. 



PEABS. 206 

Passe Colmar Epineux. See Passe Colmar, 
Passe Colmar Gris. See Passe Colmar. 

Passe Madeleine. — This is a small oblong pear with 
an uneven surface. Skin green, covered with dots. The 
flesh is dry and very as trio gent, crisp and without much 
flavour. 

An early pear. Bipe in August, and grown to some 
extent in the market-gardens round London ; but it is a 
very worthless variety. 

Paternoster. See Vica/r of Winhfield. 

Du Patre. See Easter Beurrd. 

Peach (Peche), — Fruit medium sized or large ; irregu- 
larly oval or roundish. Skin smooth, greemsh-yellow, 
witn a blush of red on the side next the sun, and covered 
with patches and dots of russet. Eye open, set in a 
Bhallow bossed basin. Stalk an inch or more long, not 
depressed. Flesh yellowish-white, fine-grained, and very 
melting, very juicy, sugary, vinous, and with a delicious 
perfume. 

An excellent early pear. Bipe in the middle and end 
of August. 

P^che. See Peach. 

Pbngthley. — Fruit medium sized, obovate, inclining 
to oval. Skin pale green, covered with dark dots, and 
becoming yellow as it ripens. Eye large and open, set in 
a shallow depression. Stalk long and slender, curved, 
and set in an uneven cavity. Flesh coarse-grained, crisp, 
very juicy and sweet. Bipe in March. 

Perdreau. See Early Eausselet. 

Perdreau Musqu^. See Early Motisselei, 

Petit Beurr^ d'Hiver. See Bezi de Caissoy, 

Petit Muscat (Little Muscat; Sept-en-gueule). — Fruit 
very small, produced in clusters, turbinate. Skin bright 
yellow when ripe, and covered with brownish-red next 
the sun, and strewed with russet dots. Eye open, not 
depressed. Stalk about an inch long, not depressed. 
Flesh melting, sweet, juicy, and with a musky flavour. 

A very early pear. Bipe in the end of July. 

Petit St. Jean. See Amird Joannet, 

De P^z^nas. See Duchesse d*AngouUme, 

Philippe Delfosse. See Beurri Delfosse. 



Philippe de FSques. See faster Bemr^, 
Pickering Pear. See Uvedale*s Si, GPermain, 
Pickering's Warden. See Zhedctie^g Si, Oermam, 

Pine. See White DoyennS. 
Piper. See Uvedales St, Germain, 
Piqnery. See Urhaniste, 
Pitt's Calabasse. See Calehasse, 

Pius IX.— -Fruit large, conical, and regularly formed. 
Skin of a deep, clear yellow colour, with a blush, of red 
on the side next the sun, considerably covered with 
^eaks and flakes of russet. Eye open, slightly de- 
pressed. Stalk thick and woody, Tery short* J^laik 
melting, juicy, sugary, and highly perfiimed. 

An excellent pear. Bape in September. The tree is 
hardy, of small habit, &>rms a nice pyramid, and is a good 
Isearer. 

Plombgastelle. See BeurrS ^Amanlie, 

Poire de Prince. See Chair b, Dameg. 

Pound Pear. See Black Worcester, 

Pound Pear. See Catillac, 

Precel. See Passe Colmar, 

Present de Malines. See Basse Colmar% 

Present Boyal de Naples. See Beau Present d*Artois. 

Pfi]&T0ST. — !FVuit rather large, roundish-ovaJ. Skin 
clear golden yellow, with a bright red blush on the ex- 
posed side, and marked with flakes of russet. Eye open, 
not deeply sunk. Stalk about an inch long. Flesh nne- 
grained, half-melting, and half-buttery, pretty jidey, and 
highly aromatic. 

A good late pear. Eipe from January to April ; but 
imless grown in a warm soil and situation it rarely attains 
the character of a melting pear. 

Pbincb Albbbsp. — Fruit meditim sized, pyrifona. Skin 
smooth, of a deep lemon-yellow colour, and frequently 
with a blush of red next the sun. Eye small and open, 
set in a shallow basin. Btalk an inch long, not depressed. 
Flesh yellowish- white, melting, juicy, sugary, and richly 
flavoured. 

An excellent pear, in use from February till March. 



The tree is & hardy and Tigorona grower, and fonai • 
haadflome pyramid. 

Prince's Pear. See Ckctir & l>ames, 

Princesse de Parme. See Marie Louise, 

Pucelle Condesieniie. See JPeuee Colmar, 

Py^rolc. See Jaminette. 

Bambau (Surpasse Eeine), — Fruit large, oblong-oval, 
and uneven in its outline. Skin lemon-yellow, mottled 
and dotted with russet. Eye open, slightly depressed. 
Stalk about an inch long, not depressed. Flesh yellowish, 
half-melting, juicy, sweet, and perfumed. In use Drooi 
January till March. 

!Red Achan. See Achan. 

Red Doyenne {DoyennS d* Automne ; DoyennS Croti^; 
J}oyenn4 Gallettx ; DoyennS Gris ; Doyennd Jawae ; 
DoyennA Rouge ; DoyennS JRoux ; Grey Doyenni; Nei^ 
Grise ; St. Michel DorS ; St. Michel Gris), — Fruit 
medium sized, obovate. Skin yelk>wish.-green» but en- 
tirely covered with thm, smooth, cinnamon-coloured russet, 
and sometimes with a brownish-red tinge on the side next 
the sun. £ye small and closed, set in a narrow depres- 
sion. Stalk three quarter^ of an inck long, inaeirtedL m a 
narrow, rather deep cavity. Flesh white, tender, melt* 
ing, very juicy, sugary, and vinous. 

A &rst-rate hardy pear. Hipe in the end of Oefcoberv 
The tree is an excellent bearer, and forma a handsome 
pyxaxnid. 

Segentin. See Passe Colmar, 

Eeinb des Poibes. — Fruit medium sized, oboTate. 
Skin smooth, pale yellow, and dotted with russet on the 
shaded side, and bright red next the stm. Eye small 
aod open, placed in a small, irregular basin. Stalk an 
inch long, mserted in a small cavity. Flesh jeUowish,. 
tender, juicy, and sweet. Kipe in October. 

Koberts' Seeping. See Easter Bergamoi, 

£.oi Jolimont. See DoyennS d'MU^ 

Boi de Wurtembuxg. See 6f&m Mereeau. 

BiONDELet. — Fruit below medium size, roundish. Skin 
greenish-yellow, considerably cohered with very fine and 
smooth pale brown russet, having an orange tinge naxt 



a08 FBABS. 

the sun, and speckled with lar^e grey dots. Eye gene« 
rally wanting. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a narrow 
cavity. Flesh fine-grained, buttery and melting, very 
juicy, rich, sugary, and with a powerful perfume of 
musk. 

A most delicious pear. Bipe in the beginning and 
middle of November. The tree is quite hardy, an excel- 
lent bearer, and succeeds well as a standard or pyramid. 

Eose. See Summer Rose. 

BosTEiTZEB. — Fruit small or below medium size, pyri- 
form. Skin yellowish-green, with reddish-brown on the 
exposed side. £ye open, set in a shallow, plaited basin. 
Stalk an inch and a half long, not depressed. Fleah 
melting, very juicy, sugary, vinous, and aromatic. Bipe 
in the end or August and beginning of September. 

BoussE Lench. — Fruit large, oblong or oval. Skin 
pale green, changing to lemon-yellow, with a slight 
russety covering. £ye large and open, like that of a 
Jargonelle. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, inserted 
without depression. Flesh yellow, buttery, juicy, sugary, 
and pretty well flavoured. Kipe in January and February. 

Bousselet d'Anjou. See Bezi de Caissoy, 

BoussELET Enfant PBODiauE.>-Fruit medium sized, 

Eyriform. Skin green, considerably covered with rough- 
rown russet, and with a brownish-red tinge on the ex- 
posed side. Eye large and open, set in a shallow basin. 
Stalk about an inch long, obliquely inserted without 
depression. Flesh greenish-white, melting, very juicy 
and sugary, and with a rich, vinous, and musky flavour. 
An excellent pear. Bipe in December. The tree is 
hardy, a good bearer, and forms a handsome pyramid. 

Bousselet Jamain. See Heliote Dundcu. 

Bousselet de Meestbe. — ^Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform 
or pyramidal. Skin smooth and shining, of a golden 
yellow colour, thickly dotted all over with large brown 
russet freckles. Eye open, set in a wide, flat basin. 
Stalk an inch and a half long, not depressed. Flesh half 
buttery, firm, pretty juicy, and well flavoured, but with 
nothing to recommend it. Bipe in October and No- 
vember. 

Bousselet Musqu^. See Sausselet de Hheims. 

Bousselet Petit. See Bousselet de Bheims, 



PEABS. 209 

IloiTSSELBT DB Bheims (Bousselet Musque; HatMselet 
Petit), — Fruit gmall, pyriform, and rounded at the apex. 
Skin green, changing to yellow at maturity, aod thickly 
covered with grey russet specks, tinged with brown next 
the sun. Eye small and open, slightly depressed. Stalk 
an inch long, thick and not depressed. Flesh half-melt- 
ing, rich, sugary, and highly perfumed. 

One of the oldest and best early pears. Eipe in Sep- 
tember, but does not keep long. 

ErOUSSELBT DE Stttttgaedt. — ^Fruit medium sized, pyri- 
form or pyramidal. Skin yellowish-green, with brownish- 
red on the side next the sun, and strewed with dots. Eyo 
open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk upwards of an inch 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh half-melting, 
very juicy and sugary, witn a rich and perfumed flavour. 

A good early pear. Ripe in September. The tree is 
an excellent bearer, and forms a handsome pyramid. 

Boyal d'Angleterre. See Uvedales St, Germain, 
Boyal Tairlon. See Easter Bergamot, 
Sabine. See Jaminette. 

Saflran d'Automne. See Spanish Bon Chritien, 
Saflran d'£t^. See Summer Bon CkrStien, 

St. Dekis. — Fruit small, turbinate, and uneven in its 
outline. Skin pale yellow, with a crimson cheek, and 
thickly dotted with crimson dots. Eye open, set in 
a shallow basin. Stalk an inch and a half long, not de- 
pressed. Flesh half-melting, very juicy and sweet, with 
a flne aroma. 

A nice early pear. Bipe in August and September. 

St. Gebmain (Arteloire ; Inconnue la Fare; Lafare; 
St, Germain Gris ; St, Germain d'Hiver; St, Germain 
Jaune ; St, Germain Vert), — Fruit large, oblong-obovate, 
rather irregular in its outline. Skin psde greenish-yellow, 
thickly covered with small brownish-grey dots and some- 
times tracings of russet. Eye open, set in a narrow, un- 
even depression. Stalk an inch long, curved, and in- 
serted without depression. Flesh white, very juicy, 
buttery and melting, with a sprightly refreshing sugary 
and perfumed flavour. 

A flne old dessert pear, in use from I^ovember till 
January. The tree requires to be grown against a wall. 

St. Germain d'Et^. See Summer St. Germain. 

7 



2;m PEAB8. 

St. Gerniaiu Gris. See St. Oermaiu. 

St. Germaia d'Hiver. See Si. Germain, 

St. Germain Janne. See St. Gtrmaiu, 

St. Germaia de Martin. See Summer 8i. O er maim , 

St. Germain Vert. See St Germain, 

St. GnisLAiN. — Fruit mediam sise, obtnBe^pyrifonn or 
turbinate. Skin smooth, elear jellow, with a greeniBh 
tinge, and with a blush of red next the Bun. ISye <men, 
slightly depressed. Stalk an inch to an. indi and a Jialf 
long, inserted without depression, fleah white, very 
juicy, buttery and melting, rich, sugary, and Tinooa. 

An excellent pear. Eipe in September. 

St. Jean. See Amit*e Jbannet. 
St. Lambert. See Jargonelle, 

St. Lfzisr.— Pruit very large, pynfonn. 8km of a diiil 
greenish-yellow colour, coTered with flakes of nuaet. Eye 
open, set in a deep furrowed basin. Stalk two inches 
long, not depressed. Flesh firm, crisp, jnicy, and aweet. 

A stewiug pear, in use during SeptemDer and October. 

St. Marc. See Urhaniete. 
St. Martial. See Anj^liqtte de Bordeaux, 
St. Martin. See Iflnfer Bom Ckr^tieu. 
St. MicheL See WAite Dotftmme, 

St. Michel Abchaxob. — Fruit above medium Biae^ 
oborate. Skin smooth and shining, of a ^Iden-yellow 
colour, speckled with crimson on the shaded nde, and 
with a bright crimson cheifk on the side next the ran. 
Eye small and closed, set in a narrow depression. Stalk 
half an inch to an inch long, not depressed. Fleah yel- 
lowish-white, tender, melting; and juicy, with a auiEaiT 
Juice, and a very agreeable perfume* 

A rery exoeueni and beAutiful pear, eoTexed with 
crimson ao3 like ForeUe. ICipe iu the end of September. 

St. Michel Dore. See Hed Ihy^nn4. 

8t. Michel Gris. See Bud Do^enjie, 

St. 2» ivrholis. See D u •j/i es^e <i * C>/*bVuaiL 

St. Samson. See /(/^'^'y/c'^c•. 

Scotch Ber^iuoc. Sov.* iLj.iiij)'iytni .Bir^<jrawtA» 



•7EAS8. 211 

Scot's Cornuck. Bee Chamock. 

Seckle (New Yorh JRed-eheek; ShaJcespear; Sicker), 
— ^Fruit small, obovate. Skin yellowish- orown on the 
shaded side, and reddish^brown next the snn. Eye small 
and open, not depressed. Stalk half an inch long, in- 
serted in a narrow depression. Flesh buttery, melting, 
and very juicy, very sweet and rich, with a powerful 
aroma. 

A most delicious pear. . Sipe in October. The tree is 
an abundant bearer, and rery hardy ; but does n'ot suc- 
iCeed well on the quince. 

Seigneur. See Fondanie d*Automne, 

Seigneur. See White DoyennS, 

Seigneur d'Esperen. See Fondante d'Automne, 

Seigneur d'Hirer. See Faster Beurr6. 

Sept en Gueule. See Fetit Muscat, 

Serrurieur d*Automne. See XTrhaniste, 

Sbutin. — Fruit medium sized, oval. Skin yellowish, 
covered with flakes and dots of russet. Eye prominent 
and open. Stalk an inch and a half long. Flesh half- 
melting, coarse-grained, pretty juicy and sweet. Eipe in 
Deceniber and January. 

Shakespear. See Seckle. 

Shobdsn Coxjkt. — Fruit below medium size, oblate, 
even in its outline. Skin deep, rich yellow, with a blush 
iof red next the sun, and covered with rough russety dots. 
Eye very small, almost wanting, set in a small, round, 
rather deep basin. Stalk very long and slender, inserted 
in a small cavity. Flesh white, coarse-grained, juicy, 
briskly acid and sweet, but not highly flavoured. Eipe 
in January and February. 

Short's St. Germain. Seie Summer St Germain. 

Sicker. See Seckle. 

BiwjLiii[(Berqamotte Sieulle ; Beurr4 Sieulle ; DoyennS 
Sieulle) . — Fruit medium sized, roundish-turbinate. Skin 
smooth, pale yellow, thickly covered with russet dots, 
and sometimes with a tinge of red next the sun. Eye 
open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, set in a 
■small cavity. Flesh coarse-grained, buttery, and very 

C' ;y, rich, sugary, vinous, and aromatic. Bipe in Octo- 
and November, . . 



204 PBAB8. 

Oken d'Hiver. See Winter Oken. 
L'Orpheline. See Beurri d*Aremherg, 
L'Orplieline d'Enghein. See Beurri d*Aremberg. 
Oxford Chaumontel. See Chaumontel, 
Paddington. See Easter Bergamot. 

Pabadisb d'Automne. — Fruit below medium size, 
pyriform. Skiu covered with a coat of rough, dark- 
cmnamon coloured russet, which is strewed with grey 
dots. Eye very small and open, set in a shallow basin. 
Stalk an inch and a quarter lon^, obliquely inse]:ted with- 
out depression. Flesh fine-gramed, buttery and melting, 
rich, sugary, and with a fine piquant andperfumed flayour. 

A remarkably fine pear. Kipe in October and No- 
Tember. 

Parkinson's Warden. See Blach Worcester. 

Passans dk Portugal.— Fruit medium sized, oblate. 
Skin pale yellow, with a lively red cheek. Eye opea* 
set in a shallow depression. Stalk an inch long, inserted 
in a small round cavity. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, suguy, 
and perfumed. £ipe in the end of August and oeginning 
of September. 

Passb Colmab (Beurri d^Argenson; Cellite; Chap- 
man's; Chapman* s Basse Colmar ; Colmar Dori; Col' 
mar JBpineux; Colmar d* Hardenpont ; Colmar Breul; 
Colmar Souveraine; Fondante de Barisel; Fondante de 
Mons ; Gamhier; Marotte Sucri; Basse Colmar Dori; 
Basse Colmar JSpineux ; Basse Colmar Oris; Brecel; 
Brisent de 3f alines; Bucelle Condesienne; Begentin; 
8ouverain).-^¥rmt medium sized, obovate. Skin smooth, 
of a fine uniform deep lemon colour, with a tinge of red 
on the side next the sun, strewed with numerous brown 
dots and veins of russet. Eye open, set in a wide shallow 
basin. Stalk from three quarters to an inch loDg, in- 
serted in a small sheath-like cavity. Flesh yellowish- 
white, buttery, melting, and very juicy, with a rich, 
sugary, vinous, and aromatic flavour. 

An excellent pear. Bipe during Kovember and De« 
cember. The tree is an excellent bearer, and forms a 
handsome pyramid. It requires a rich, warm soil, other- 
wise the flesh is crisp and gritty. In exposed situations 
it requires a wall. 

Passe Colmar Dor^. See Basse Colmar, 



PEASS. 206 

Passe Colmar Epineux. See J^asse Colmar. 
Passe Colmar Gris. See Fosse Colmar* 

Passe Madeleine. — This is a small oblong pear with 
an uneven surface. Skin green, covered with dots. The 
flesh is dry and very astriogent, crisp and without much 
flavour. 

An early pear. Bipe in August, and grown to some 
extent in the market-gardens round London ; but it is a 
very worthless variety. 

Paternoster. See Vica/ir of Winhfield. 

Du Patre. See Easter Bev/rri. 

Peach (Peche). — Fruit medium sized or large ; irregu- 
larly oval or roundish. Skin smooth, greemsh-yellow, 
witn a blush of red on the side next the sun, and covered 
with patches and dots of russet. Eye open, set in a 
shallow bossed basin. Stalk an inch or more long, not 
depressed. Flesh yellowish-white, flne-grained, and very 
melting, very juicy, sugary, vinous, and with a delicious 
perfume. 

An excellent early pear. Bipe in the middle and end 
of August. 

P^che. See Peach, 

Pengthley. — Fruit medium sized, obovate, inclining 
to oval. Skin pale green, covered with dark dots, and 
becoming yellow as it ripens. Eye large and open, set in 
a shallow depression. Stalk long and slender, curved, 
and set in an uneven cavity. Flesh coarse-grained, crisp, 
very juicy and sweet. Bipe in March. 

Perdreau. See Early Bousselet, 

Perdreau Musqu^. See Early Mousselei, 

Petit Beurr^ d'Hiver. See JBezi de Caissoy, 

Petit Muscat {Little Muscat; Sept-en-gueule), — Fruit 
very small, produced in clusters, turbinate. Skin bright 
yellow when ripe, and covered with brownish-red next 
the sun, and strewed with russet dots. Eye open, not 
depressed. Stalk about an inch long, not depressed. 
Flesh melting, sweet, juicy, and with a musky flavour. 

A very early pear. Bipe in the end of July. 

Petit St. Jean. See AmirS Joannet. 

De P^z^nas. See Duchesse d*AngouUme, 

Philippe Delfosse. See Beurri Delfosse. 



VMMMB. 

Philippe de FSques. See Easter B€mv4, 
Pickering Pear. See XhedaWa St. Chrmain. 
Pickering's Warden, See Zhedate*g St. Oermom* 

Pine. See White Doyenni. 
Piper. See Uvedales St, Germain. 
Piqnery. See Urbuniste, 
Pitt's Calabasse. See Calehasse. 

Pius IX.— -Fruit large^ conical, and regularly formed. 
Skin of a deep, clear yellow colour, with a blush, of red 
on the side next the sun, considerably covered with 
^eaks and flakes of russet. Eye open, slightly de- 
pressed^ Stalk thick and woody, Tery short, J$]sik 
melting, jjaicy, sugary, and highly perfiuned. 

An excellent pear. Bdpe in September. The tree is 
hardy,, of small habit, &>rms & nice pyramid, and is a good 
Isearer. 

Plombgastelle. See BeurrS ^Amaniis. 

Poire de Prince. See Chair h Darner 

Pound Pear. See Black Worcester. 

Pound Pear. See Catillac, 

Precel. See Passe Colmar. 

Present de Malines. See Basse Colmarm 

Present Eoyal de Naples. See Beau Brisent d'ArMs. 

Pfi]&T0ST. — Fruit rather large, roundish-oval. Skin 
clear golden yellow, with a bright red blush on the ex- 
posed side, and marked with flakes of russet. Eye open, 
not deeply sunk. Stalk about an inch long. Flesh nne- 

f rained, half-melting, and half-buttery, pretty juiey, and 
ighly aromatic. 

A good late pear. Bipe from January to April ; but 
unless grown in a warm soil and situation it rarely attains 
the character of a melting pear. 

Pbince Albbbo!. — Fruit meditim sized, pyriform. Skin 
smooth, of a deep lemon-yellow colour, and frequently 
with a blush of red next the sun. Eye small aitd open, 
set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, not depressed. 
Flesh yellowish- white, melting, juicy, sugary, and richly 
flavoured. 

An excellent pear, in use from February till March. 



The tree is a hardy and TigoronB grower, and foxmi a 
handaome pyramid. 

Prince's Pear. See Ckcnr & I>ame8. 

Princesse de Parme. See Marie Louise, 

Pucelle Condesienne. See JP(u»e Colmar, 

Parole. See Jaminette, 

Bambau (Surpasse Reine). — Fruit large, oblong-oval, 
and uneyen in its outline. Skin lemon-yellow, mottled 
and dotted with russet. Eye open, slightly depressed. 
Stalk about an inch long, not depressed. Flesh y eilowi^, 
half-melting, juicy, sweet, and perfumed. In use Drooi 
January till March. 

!Red Achan. See Achan. 

E.ED DoYENN^ (DoyennS d* Automne ; Doyenni CroUd; 
DoyennS Galleux ; DoyennS Gris ; Doyennd Jduae; 
Doyenni Rouge ; DoyennS Roux ; Grey DoyennA; NtiM 
Grise ; St, Michel DorS ; St. Michel Gris). — Fruit 
medium sized, obovate. Skin yeUowisk-green^ but en- 
tirely covered with thm, smooth, cinnamon-coloured russet, 
and sometimes with a brownish-red tinge on the side next 
the sun. Eye small and closed, set in a narrow depres- 
sion. Stalk three quarters o£ an iqch long, inserted m a 
narrow, rather deep cavity. Flesh white, tender, melt* 
ing, very juicy, sugary, and vinous. 

A &rst-rate hardy pear. Hipe in the end of October. 
The tree is an excellent bearer, and forma a haadsome 
pyxamid. 

Itegentin. See Passe Colmar. 

Eeinb des Poises. — Fruit medium aiaed, obovate. 
Skin smooth, pale yellow, and dotted with russet on the 
shaded side, and bright red next the stm. Eye small 
and open, placed in a small, irregular basin. Stalk an 
inch long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh jeUowish,. 
tender, juicy, and sweet. Kipe in October. 

JLtoberts' Seeping. See Easter Bergamoi, 

Sroi Jolimont. See DoyennS d^Eti. 

Boi de Wurtemburg. See Ghim Meremsu* 

BiONDELET. — Fruit below medium size, roundish. Skin 
greenish-yellow, considwrably covered with very fine and 
smooth pale brown msset, having an orange tinge nazt 



208 FBABS. 

the sun, and speckled with lar^e grey dots. Eye gene- 
rally wanting. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a narrow 
cavity. Flesh fine-grained, buttery and melting, very 
juicy, rich, sugary, and with a powerful permme of 
musk. 

A most delicious pear. Eiipe in the beginning and 
middle of November. The tree is quite hardy, an excel- 
lent bearer, and succeeds well as a standard or pyramid. 

!Bose. See Summer Hose, 

EosTEiTZEE. — Fruit small or below medium size, pyri- 
form. Skin yellowish-green, with reddish-brown on the 
exposed side. Eye open, set in a shallow, plaited basin. 
Stalk an inch and a half long, not depressed. Fleah 
melting, very juicy, sugary, vinous, and aromatic. Bipe 
in the end of August and beginning of September. 

EoussE Lexch. — Fruit large, oblong or oval. Skin 
pale green, changing to lemon-yellow, with a slight 
russety covering. Eye large and open, like that of a 
Jargonelle. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, inserted 
without depression. Flesh yellow, buttery, juicy, sugary, 
and pretty well flavoured. Kipe in January and February. 

Eousselet d*Anjou. See Bezi de Caissoy, 

Eousselet Enfant Prodigub.— Fruit medium sized, 
pyriform. Skin green, considerably covered with rough- 
brown russet, and with a brownish-red tinge on the ex- 
posed side. Eye large and open, set in a shallow basin. 
Stalk about an inch long, obliquely inserted without 
depression. Flesh greenish-white, melting, very juicy 
and sugary, and with a rich, vinous, and musky flavour. 

An excellent pear. Eipe in December. The tree is 
hardy, a good bearer, and forms a handsome pyramid. 

Erousselet Jamain. See Heliote Bundas, 

Eousselet de Meestbe. — Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform 
or pyramidal. Skin smooth and shining, of a golden 
yellow colour, thickly dotted all over with large brown 
russet freckles. Eye open, set in a wide, flat basin. 
Stalk an inch and a half long, not depressed. Flesh half 
buttery, firm, pretty juicy, and well flavoured, but with 
nothing to recommend it. Bipe in October and No- 
vember. 

Eousselet Musqu^. See JEtousselet de Rheims, 

Eousselet Petit. See Sousselet de Sheims, 



7BABS. 209 

KousSELBT DB B.HEIMS {Bousselet MusquS; Itausselet 
Petit). — Fruit small, pyriform, and rounded at the apex. 
Skin green, changing to yellow at maturity, and thickly 
covered with grey russet specks, tinged with brown next 
the sun. Eye small and open, slightly depressed. Stalk 
an inch long, thick and not depressed. Flesh half-melt- 
ing, rich, sugary, and highly perfumed. 

One of the oldest and best early pears. Eipe in Sep- 
tember, but does not keep long. 

EoussELBT DE Stuttgabdt. — Fruit medium sized, pyri- 
form or pyramidal. Skin yellowish-green, with brownish- 
red on the side next the sun, and strewed with dots. Eye 
open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk upwards of an inch 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh half-melting, 
very juicy and sugary, witn a rich and perfumed flavour. 

A good early pear. Eipe in September. The tree i& 
an excellent bearer, and forms a handsome pyramid. 

Royal d' Angle terre. See Uvedale's St. Germain, 
Boyal Tairlon. See faster Bergamot. 
Sabine. See Jaminette, 

Saflran d'Automne. See Spanish Bon ChrStien, 
Saflran d'Et^. See Summer Bon Chretien, 

St. Denis. — ^Fruit small, turbinate, and uneven in its 
outline. Skin pale yellow, with a crimson cheek, and 
thickly dotted with crimson dots. Eye open, set in 
a shallow basin. Stalk an inch and a half long, not de- 
pressed. Flesh half-melting, very juicy and sweet, with 
a flne aroma. 

A nice early pear. Eipe in August and September. 

St. Gebmain (Arteloire ; Inconnue la Fare ; Lafare ; 
St. Germain Chris; St. Germain d'JIiver; St. Germain 
Jaune ; St. Germain Vert). — Fruit large, oblong-obovate, 
rather irregular in its outline. Skin paJe greenish-yellow, 
thickly covered with small brownish-grey dots and some- 
times tracings of russet. Eye open, set in a narrow, un- 
even depression. Stalk an inch long, curved, and in- 
serted without depression. Flesh white, very juicy, 
buttery and melting, with a sprightly refreshing sugary 
and perfumed flavour. 

A floe old dessert pear, in use from November till 
January. The tree requires to be grown against a waU. 

St. Germain d'Et^. See Summer St, Germain, 



2U) f£AB8. 

St. Gemiaiu Gris. See SL Germain, 

St. Germain d*Hiver. See St Germairu 

St. Germain Jaone. See 8t» Germain, 

St. Germain de Martin. See Summer St, Germain. 

St. Germain Vert. See St, Germain, 

St. Ghislain. — Fmit medium siae, obtnsc-pyriform or 
turbinate. Skin smooth, dear yellow, with a greenish 
tinge, and with a blush of red next the sun. Eye open, 
slightly depressed. Stalk an inch to an indbi and a naif 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh white, very 
juicy, buttery and melting, rich, sugary, and vinoiui. 

^ excellent pear. Hipe in Septemoer. 

St. Jean. See AmirS Joannet, 
St. Lambert. See Jargonelle, 

St. likzis, — Fruit very large, pyrifonn. Skin of a dull 
greenish-yellow colour, covered with flakes of russet. Eye 
open, set in a deep furrowed basin. Stalk two ioches 
long, not depressed. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, and Bweet. 

A stewing pear, in use during September and October. 

St. Marc. See Urhaniste, 
St. Martial. See AngSlique de JBordeattx, 
St. Martin. See Winter Bon ChrSOen, 
St. MicheL See White Doi^enni, 

St. Michel Abchangb. — Fruit above medium size, 
^bovate. Skin smooth and shining, of a golden-yellow 
colour, speckled with crimson on the shaded side, and 
with a bright crimson cheek on the side next the sun. 
£ye small and closed, set in a narrow depression. Stalk 
half an inch to an inch long, not depressed. Flesh yel- 
lowish-white, tender, melting and juioy, with a sugary 
juice, and a very agreeable perfume. 

A very exjcellent and beautiful pear, eovered with 
erimson dots like Forelle. E.ipe in the end of September* 

St. Michel Dor^. See Bed Doi/enmS, 

6t. Michel Gris. See Red Do^ermi, 

St. Nicholas. See DucJiesse d' Orleans, 

St. Samson. See Jargonelle, 

Scotch Bergamot. See ILamjpdens BergamoU 



roASs. 211 

Soot*8 Cornuck. See Chamock, 

Seckle {New York Red-cheek; Shakespear; Sicker), 
— spruit small, obovate. Skin yellowish-Drown on the 
shaded side, and reddish-brown next the sun. Eye small 
and open, not depressed. Stalk half an inch long, in- 
serted in a narrow depression. Flesh buttery, melting, 
and very juicy, very sweet and rich, with a powerful 
aroma. 

A most delicious pear. . Sipe in October. The tree is 
an abundant bearer, and very hardy ; but does n'ot suc- 
ceed well on the quince. 

Seigneur. See Fondante d*Automne. 

Seignenr. See White jyoyenni. 

Seigneur d*Esperen. See Fondante d*AtUonme, 

Seigneur d'Hiver. See Faster BeurrS, 

Sept en Gueule. See Fetit Muscat, 

Serrurieur d'Automne, See Urhaniste. 

Sbutin. — Fruit medium sized, oval. Skin yellowish, 
covered with flakes and dots of russet. Eye prominent 
and open. Stalk an inch and a half long. Flesh half- 
melting, coarse-grained, pretty juicy and sweet. Eipe in 
Deceniber and January. 

Shakespear. See Seckle^ 

Shobdbk Court. — Fruit below medium size, oblate, 
even in its outline. Skin deep, rich yellow, with a blush 
4>f red next the sun, and covered with rough russety dots. 
Eye very small, almost wanting, set in a small, round, 
rather deep basin. Stalk very long and slender, inserted 
in a small cavity. Flesh white, coarse-grained, juicy, 
briskly acid and sweet, but not highly flavoured. Eipe 
in January and February. 

Short's St. Germain. See Summer St. Germain, 

Sicker. See Seckle. 

SimjLLis (Berqamcftte Sieulle ; Feurr^ Sieulle ; DoyennS 
Sieulle).— Fruit medium sized, roundish-turbinate. Skin 
smooth, pale yellow, thiokly covered with russet dots, 
and sometimes with a tinge of red next the sun. Eye 
open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, set in a 
•small cavity. Flesh coarse-grained, buttery, and very 

C* ;y, rich, sugary, vinous, and aromatic. Eipe in Octo- 
and November, . . 



212 PSAB8. 

Simon Bouyieb. — ^Fruit below medium size, obtuse- 
pyriform. Skin smooth, bright green, becoming yellowish 
as it ripens, and dotted and mottled with brown russet. 
Eye small, placed in a slight depression. Stalk tlurae 
quarters of an inch long, slightly curved, and inserted 
without depression. Flesh white, tender, and meltings 
rich, sugary, and finely perfumed. Eipe in September. 

Small Winter Beurr^. See Bezi de Caissojf* 

Snow. See TFhite DayennS. 

SoLDAT EsFSBBN. — Fruit large, oborate. Skin pate 
lemon-yellow, marked here and there with tracings Of 
russet, and considerably covered with minute dots. Eye 
large, slightly closed, and placed in a shallow depression. 
Stsdk an inch long, inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh 
yellowish-white, buttery, melting, and very juicy, rich 
and sugary, having somewhat of the flavour of the Autcmm 
Bergamot. 

A very excellent pear. Eipe in November. 

Souveraine. See P(t8se Colmar, 

Spanish Bon CHBiTiEN (Gratioli d'Automne; Sajfi'an 
d*Automn€ ; Spanish Warden). — Fruit large, pyriform. 
Skin greenish-yellow, covered with cinnamon-coloured 
russet, and with a deep lively red colour next the sun. 
Eye open, set in a depression. Stalk an inch and a half 
long, slender, inserted without depression. Flesh white, 
fine-grained and crisp, with a brisk flavour, and fine 
musky aroma. 

A fine stewing pear, in use from November till Mardu 

Spanish Warden. See Spanish Bon Chritien, 

De Spoblbebg. — Fruit about medium size, somewhat 
turbinate and uneven in its outline, being considerably 
ribbed and undulating. Skin smooth, pale straw coloured, 
sprinkled with green dots and patches of russet. Eye 
large, half open, and prominently set. Stalk an inch 
and a quarter long, inserted without depression. Flesh 
yellowish, buttery, not very Juicy, sweet, slightly musky^ 
and richly flavoured. Eipe m November. 

Spring Beurr^. See Verulam, 

Staunton. See GanseVs Bergamoi, 

SucBEE Veet (Grreen Sugar). — Fruit medium sised, 
roundish-turbinate. Skin pale yellowish-green, covered 
with numerous greea and grey dots, and a few tracings 



PXAB8. 213 

of russet. Eye small and open, set in a wide and shallow 
basin. Stalk an inch lonff, inserted in a small cavityv 
Flesh yellowish-white, mdting and very juicy, sugary 
and perfumed. Bipe in October. 

Suffolk Thobn. — Fruit medium sized, roundish-turbi* 
sate. Skin pale lemon-yellow, covered with numerous 
small dots and irregidar patches of pale ashy-grey russet, 
which are most numerous on the side next the sun. Eye 
yeiy small and open, set in a deep basin. Stalk short 
and stout, not deeply inserted. Flesh yellowish- white, 
exceedingly melting, buttery, and juicy, with a rich 
sugary juice exactly similar in flavour to GanseFs 
Bergamot. 

A most delicious pear. Bipe in October. The tree 
is quite hardy, and an excellent bearer, forming a hand* 
some pyramid on the pear stock. 

SuMMEB Abchduke (AmirS Roux ; Archduke d'EtS; 
Brown Admiral; Orosse Ognonet; Ognonet ; Ognonet 
MusqiiS), — Fruit medium sized, turbinate. Skin smooth 
and shining, yellowish-green, covered with dark brownish- 
red next the sun. Eye open, set in a shallow depression. 
Stalk an inch long, stout, inserted in a small cavity. 
Flesh whitish, rather gritty, juicy, and sweet. Hipe ul 
the beginning of August. 

The Summer Bose is also called Ognonet. 

Summer Bell. See Windsor. 

Summer Bon Che^tien {Florence d*JStS; GratioU; 
€hratioli di Jtoma ; Saffran d'Eti), — Fruit large, pyri- 
form, very irregular and bossed in its outline. Skin 
yellow, with a tinge of pale red next the sun, and strewed 
with green specks. Eye small, set in an uneven, shallow 
basin. Stalk two inches and a half long, curved, and 
obliquely inserted in a knobbed cavity. Flesh yellow, 
crisp, juicy, sweet, and pleasantly flavoured. Kipe in 
September. 

SuMMEB Cbasannb (Cfosanne d'EU). — Fruit small, 
roundish, and flattened. Skin pale yellow, entirely 
covered with cinnamon-coloured russet. Eye wide open, 
set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch and a half long. 
Flesh half-melting, very Juicy, sweet, and aromatic. Bipe 
in the end of August and beginning of September. 

SuMMEB DoYENN^ (Doyeuni d* EtS ; DoyennS deJuillet; 
Duchesse de Berri d'Eti; Roi Jolimont), — Fruit small, 



214 78AS8. 

roundish-oboTate. Skin smooth, of a fine yellow* ook>iu% 
and frequently with a red blufih on the side next tivf 
gun, and strewed with dots. Eye small and open, 
set in a shallow plaited basin. Stalk short, not d«^ 
pressed. Flesh white, melting, and very juicy^ rieh 
and sugary. 

An excellent early pear. B-ipe in the end of July,, 
but reg^uires to be gathered before it becomes yelIow„ 
otherwise it soon decays. The tree ia hardy, aaad a good, 
bearer. 

SuMMEii Feanc Ebal (Coule Soif; Mn Ot d'JB^j 
Franc Meal d'Eti; Great Moutkwaier; Oros Micet 
d'EU; Grosse Mouille Bouche). — Fruit medium absed,. 
obovate. Skin smooth, pale yellowi^-green, strewed 
with numerous brown and green dots. Eye small and' 
open, set in a small undulating basin. Stalk short and 
thick, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh white, fine- 
grained, buttery and melting, rich and sugary« 

An excellent early pear. E.ipe in September. 

SuMMEB KosE (J^»7»0 iSo«6; Og nonet ; Roses Thomnf. 
Rose). — Fruit medium sized, oblate. Skin greeniah* 
yellow on the shaded side, and bright reddish-purple on 
the side next the sun, strewed with russet dots. £y» 
open, set in a wide and shallow basin. Stalk an inch, 
and a half long, slender, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh 
half-melting, tender, juicy, sugary, with a pleasant, re- 
freshing flavour and musky aroma. 

A very niee early pear. Ripe in August. 

SuMMEB St. Gebmain {St, Germain d'Etd; St Ger- 
main de Martin; Short* s St. Germain). — Fruit medium 
sized, obovate. Skin greenish pale yellow, mottled and 
speckled with brown russet. Eye open, set in a narrow 
and slight depression. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, 
inserted in a small cavity. Flesh juicy, sbghtly gritty 
and astringent, with a brisk, sweet, and rather pleasant 
flavour. 

A second-rate pear. Eipe in the end of August. 

Summer Thobn (Bugiarda ; Epine d*EtS CouUv/r de 
Rose; Epine d'EtS vert; Fondante Musau^). — Fruit 
medium sized, pyriform or long pyriform, and rounded at 
the apex. Skm smooth, and covered with greenish- 
russet dots, green in the shade, but yellowish next the 
sun and towards the stalk, ^ye smaU, set in a shallow 
and plaited basin. Stedk an inch long, curved, and 



obliquely imeried without aay depression. Flesh wiiite, 
melting, juicy, and of a rieh musky flavour. 

It is an excellent autumn pear, ripe in September, but 
does not keep long. 

Supreme. See Windsor, 
Surpasse Beine. See JRameau. 

SuzETTE DB BitTA-T. — ^Fruit medium sized, turbinate. 
Skin yellow, covered with numerous large russet dots and 
traces of russet. Eye oj^en, placed in a shallow, unda*- 
lating basin. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a small 
tjavil^. Flesh melting, juicy, sugary, and vinous, with 
a pleasant perfume. Sipe in January and February. 

Swan's Eqo. — Fruit medium sized, roundish-ovate. 
Skin smooth, yellowish^green on the shaded side, and 
clear brownish-^ed next the sun, and covered with pale 
brown russet. Eye small, partiallv closed, slightly de- 

Sressed. Stalk, an inch and a half long, inserted without 
epression. Flesh tender, very juicy, with a sweet and 
pi<ruant flavour and musky aroma. 

A fine old variety. Eipe in October. The tree is very 
hardy, and an excellent bearer. 

Sweet Summer. See Jargonelle. 
Sylvange d*Hiver. See Easter BeurrS, 
Table des Princes. See Jargonelle, 

Tabdif de Mons. — Fruit oblong-obovate, even and 
regidarly formed. Skin of a uniform yellow colour, paler 
on the shaded sid«, and with an orange tinge next the 
sun, strewed with large rnssety dots. Eye open, very 
slightly depressed. Stalk an inch long, rather slender, 
not depressed. Flesh white, tender, buttery, melting, 
and very juicy, rich and sugary. Eipe in November. 

Tarling. See JSaster Bergamat. 

T^ton de V^nus. See Bellissime d*Hiver. 

Tdton de Y^nus. See Catillac 

Thi^odobe Vjln Mons.— Fruit large, pyramidal. Skin 
greenish-yellow, strewed with russetjr dots and tracings 
of russet. Eye closed, set in a small, uneven basin. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long, inserted without 
depression. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy and melting. 
Eipe in October and November. 

Thessoise. See BeurrS d'AmanHs, 



tl6 

Thokpsov's. — Fruit medium sued, obomfte. .Skin 
«de yellow, and considerably eorered witk a coating and 
dots of pale cinnamon-coloured russet. £je open, set in 
a shallow basin. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, in* 
serted in an uneren cayitj. Flesh white, buttery and 
melting, very juicy, exceedingly rich and sugary, and 
with a fine aroma. 

One of our best pears. Bipe in Norember. The tree 
is quite hardy, an excellent bearer, and succeeds best on 
the pear stock. 

TiLLiKGTov. — ^Fruit about medium size, short pyriform^ 
rather uneTcn in its outline. Skin smooth, greenish* 
yellow, covered with a number of light brown russet dots. 
Eye open, scarsely at all depressed. Stalk short, fleshy, 
and warted at its insertion. Flesh yellowish, tender, 
buttery and melting, not very juicy, but brisk and yinous, 
with a peculiar and fine aroma. 

This is an excellent pear, ripe in October, the fine 

Inquant flavour of which contrasts favourably with the 
upcious sweetness of the Seckle, which comes in just 
before it. 

Tombe de T Amateur. See Nouveau Poifeau, 

De Tonneau. See Uvedale's 8i, Germain, 

Tres Grosse de Bruxelles. See Uvedales St. Crermain. 

Triomphe de Hasselt. See Caleb asse Grosse. 

Tbiomphb db Jodoignb. — Fruit large, obovate, regular 
and handsome. Skin yellow, covered with numerous 
small russety dots and patches of thin brown russet. Eye 
open, set in a slight aepression. Stalk an inch and a 
quarter long, curved, and inserted without depression. 
Flesh yellowish-white, rather coarse, melting, juicy, 
sugary, and brisk, with an agreeable musky perfume. 
Bipe in November and December. 

Tbiomphb db Louvain. — Fruit medium sized, obovate. 
Skin covered with fawn-coloured russet, and densely 
strewed with light-brown russet dots ; except on the 
exposed side, where it is of a deep dull red. Eye 
open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, thick, 
with a fleshy protuberance on one side. Flesh white, 
crisp, juicy, and sweet; but decays at the core before it 
begins to melt. Bipe in the end of September. 

De Trois Tours. See JBeurrS Diel. 



F1AS8« 817 

Trompe Yalet. See Amhrette d'JEKver* 

Trout. See ForelU. 

Traite. See Forelle, 

XTnion. See Uvedalet St. Germain* 

Ubbanistb (BeurrS Drapiez ; BeurrS Picquery; Louise 
d* Orleans; Ficquery ; St, Marc; Serrurier d'Automne ; 
Virgalieu Musqude). — Fruit mecQum sized, oboyate, or 
oblong-oboyate. Skin smooth and thin, pale yellow, 
covered with ^ey dots and slight markings of russet, 
and mottled with reddish brown. Eye smaU and closed, 
set in a deep, narrow basin. Stalk an inch lone, inserted 
in a wide and rather deep cavity. Flesh white, very 
tender, melting, and juicy, rich, sugary, and sUghtly 
perfumed. 

A delicious pear. Eipe in October. The tree b hardy 
and an excellent bearer, forming a handsome pyramid 
either on the pear or the quince. 

XJvbdale's St. Gebmain {AhhS Mbngein ; Angora; 
Belle de Jersey ; Bolivar; Chambers* Large; Comtesse 
de Treweren; JDr. Udale*s Warden; Duchesse de Berri 
d*JSiver ; German Baker ; Lent St. Germain ; Fickering 
Fear; Fickering' s Warden; Fiper; Roy ale d'Angle* 
terre; De Tonneau; Tres Grosse de Bruxelles; Union). 
***'Fruit very large, sometimes weighing upwards of 3 lbs., 
of a long pyriform or pyramidal shape. Skin smooth, 
dark green, changing to yellowish-^een, and with dull 
brownish-red on the exposed side, dotted all over with 
bright brown and a few tracings of russet. Eye open, 
set in a deep, narrow cavity. Stalk an inch to an mch 
and a half loDg, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh white, 
crisp, and juicy. 

An excellent stewing pear, in use from January to 
April. 

Yalleb Fbakchb (Bonne de Kienzheim ; Be Kienz- 
heim), — Fruit medium sized, obovate or obtuse-pyriform. 
Skin smooth and shining, yellowish-green, oecoming 
yellowish as it ripens, and covered with numerous smaU 
russet dots. Eye set in a shallow basin. Stalk an inch 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh white, rather 
crisp, very juicy and sweet. 

A good early pear. Eipe in the end of August. The 
tree is an immense and regular bearer, very hardy, and 
an excellent orcharding variety. 



9ia 

Van Asschb. — Fruit large, roundish -oval, bossed and 
ribbed in its outline. Skin yellow, corered with flakes 
of russet on the shaded side, and with beautiful red on 
the side next the sun. Eye half open, set in a ribbed 
basin. Stalk half an' inth long^ inserted in a small ca»kj. 
Flesh, half-m eking, yeiy juicy, rich, and aromatic^ in 
use during I^ovember and December. 

Van Donckelaar. See Marie Louise. 

Van Marum. See Orosse Cidehasee. 

■ Van Mons Leonle Clbec. — Fruft very la^e, oblongs 
pyramidal. Skin dull yellow, covered with dots and 
tracings of russet. Eye open, set in a shallow basin* 
talk an inch and a half long, curved, and inserted in a 
shallow cavity. Flesh yellowish-white, buttery and melt- 
ing» very juicy, rich, sugary, and delicious. 

A remarkably fine pear. Ripe in November. The 
tree is an excellent bearer, succeeds well as a standard 
in warm situations, and forms a handsome pyramid on 
the peaar stock. 

Van de Weyer Bates. — Fruit below medium size^ 
toxmdish-obovate. Skin pale lemon yellow, covered with 
small brown dots and a few veins of russet of the Bome 
dolour. Eye very large and open, set in a moderate 
depression. Stalk an inch and a quarter long, inserteit 
between two lips. Flesh yellow, buttery, and verj 
juicy, rich and sugary, with a pleasant aroma. 

One of the finest late pears. Kipe from March till May 

Vergalieu Musquee. See Urbamste. 

Verlaine. See Gendesheim, 

Verlaine d'Et^. See Gendesheim. 

Vert Longub {Mouille Bouche ; Mouille Bouche 
d'Automne; New Autumn), — Fruit medium sized, pyri. 
form. Skin smooth and shining, pale green, becoming 
yellowish about the stalk as it ripens, and covered witk 
numerous minute dots. Eye open, set in a shallow basin^ 
Stalk an inch and a half long, not depressed. Flesir 
white, melting, very juicy, sugary, and richly flavoured. 
Bripe in October. 

Verte Longue d'Hiver. See Echassery, 

Vebtjlam (Black BeurrS ; Buchanans Spring Beurri^ 
Spring BeurrS), — Fruit lai^e, obovate, resembling the 
Brown Beurr6-in sbape. Skin dull green, entirely covered. 



with thin russet on the shaded.^idei.ttQd reoLdish^brown 
thickly covered with grey dots oa the side next the snnk 
Eye open, set in a shallow ba&in. Stalk a& inch long^, 
•lender, inserted in a smaU, canity.. Flesh erisp, coarse^ 
grained, rarely melting, unless ^awn against a wall in a 
warm situation, which is apositicobit does not merit. 

An excellent stewing pear, in use from January tHl 
March. When stewea the flesh assames a fine brilHank 
colour, and is richly fiarouiffid. 

Viandry. See JEchasseryL 

VicAB OF WiNKPiBtD {Belie Andrenne; Belle de Berri; 
Belle Heloise ; Beurri Condce de Toulon ; Bon Bwpa / 
Cur 6; Monsieur de Cliou; Monsieur le Curi; BaUV' 
noster).—l^TOLii very large, pyriform, frequently onft- 
sided. Skin smooth, greenish-yellow, with a faint tiagt 
of red on the side next the sun. Eye open, set in a 
shallow basin, and placed on the opposite side of thcr 
axis from the stalk. Stalk an incn and a half lon£, 
slender, obliquely inserted without depression. Flesa 
white, fine-grained, half-melting, juicy and sweet, with a 
musky aroma. 

A handsome pear, which in warm seasons, or when, 
grown against a wall, is melting^ It is also a pretty goodi 
stewing pear. In use from November till Jamiary. 

Vigne de Pelone. See Figue de Naples. 

ViNBfJSE. — Fruit medium sized, obovate. Skin smoo1ii« 
pale straw colour, with slight markings of very thin 
brown russet, interspersed with minute green dots. Eyv 
open, frequently abortive, set in a shallow depression. 
Stalk short and fleshy, inserted in a deep, narrow cavdty. 
Flesh yellowish- white, exceedingly tender, melting, and 
very juicy, of a honied sweetness, and fine delicate perfume. 

A delicious and richly-flavoured pear. Ripe in tiier 
end of September and beginning of October. 

VnrGOiTLBirsB {BujaUuf; Chamhrette; Be Glace), — 
Fruit large and pyriform. Skin smooth and dellcatet, 
pale lemon colour, with a tinge of brown on the side next 
the sun, thickly strewed with russet dots. Eye small 
and open, set in a small, narrow basin. Stalk an inch to 
an inch and a quarter long, inserted without depression. 
Flesh yellowish- white, buttery, melting, and very juiegrf 
sugary, and perfumed. I^ovember till January. 

Warwick Bergamot. Bee WhitB DojfeamL 



220 VEAfi9. 

Welbeck I3BBaAM0T, — Fruit aboye medium taze, 
roxmdish, imeven in its outline, and bossed about the 
•talk. Skin smooth and shining, of a lemon-yelloir 
eolour, thickly sprinkled with large russet specks and 
with a blush of light crimson on tne side next the suiu 
Eye small and open, set in a shallow depression. StaBc 
tluree quarters of an inch long, inserted in an uneren 
cavity. Elesh white, rather coarse-grained, half-melting, 
yery juicy, sweet, and sugary, but without any flayour* 
End of October and Noyember. 

White Autumn Beurr^. See White Doyenne. 
White Beurr^. See White DoyennS. 

White Doyenn^ (BeurrS Blanc ; Bonne Unte; Citron 
de Septemhre s Dean* s ; DoyennS Blanc; Doyenni I^icti ; 
Neige; Pine; St, Michel ; Seigneur; Snow; Wanoick 
Ber^amot; White Autumn Beurri; White BeurrS).'^ 
Fruit aboye medium size, oboyate, handsome, and regu* 
larly formed. Skin smooth and shining, pale straw colour, 
sometimes with a faint tioge of red next the sim, and 
strewed with small dots. Eye yery small and closed, set 
in a small, shallow basin. Stalk three quarters of an 
inch long, stout, fleshy, set in a small, round cayiiry. 
Flesh white, fine-grained, buttery, and melting, rich, 
sugary, with a fine piquant and yinous flayour, and a 
delicate perfume. 

A delicious fruit. Bipe in September and October. 
The tree is hardy, a free bearer, and succeeds well as a 
pyramid either on the pear or quince. 

Wilding of Caissoy. See Bezi de Caissoy 

Wilhelmine. See BeurrS d'Amanlis. 

WiLLEEMoz. — ^Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform, ribbed and 
bossed in its outline. Skin of a golden yellow colour, 
with a red blush on the exposed side, ana covered with 
fine russet dots. Stalk an ioch long, woody. Flesh 
white, fine-grained, battery, and melting, yery juicy, 
sugary, and highly perfumed. Eipe in October and 
November, 

William the Fourth. See Louise Bonne of Jersey, 
Williams*. See Williams* Bon Chritien* 

Williams' Bon Chb^tien {Bartlett; De LavauH; 
Williajns*), — ^Fruil large, obtuse-pyriform, irregular and 
bossed in its outline. Skin smooth, of a fine clear yellow, 



tinged with green mottles and with faint streaks of red 
on the exposed side. Eye open, set in a shallow de- 
pression. Stalk an inch long, stout and fleshy, inserted 
in a shallow cavity, which is frequently swollen on one 
side. Flesh white, fine-grained, tender, buttery, and 
melting, with a rich, sugary, and delicious flavour, and 
powerful musky aroma. 

One of the finest of pears. Bipe in August and Sep- 
tember. It should be gathered before it becomes yellow, 
otherwise it speedily decays. The tree forms a handsome 
pyramid, and is a good bearer. 

WiNDSOB {Bell Tongues BellUHmes Figua Figue 
Musqtiie; Green Windsor; Orosse Jargonelle; Konge; 
Madame; Madame de France: Summer Bell; Suprime). 
— ^Fruit large, pyriform, rounded at the eye. Skin 
smooth, green at first, and changing to yellow mixed 
with green, and with a faint tinge of orange and ob- 
scure streaks of red on the exposed side. Eye open, 
not at all depressed. Stalk an inch and a half long, 
inserted without depression. Flesh white, tender, 
buttery, and melting, with a fine, brisk, vinous flavour, 
and nice perfume. 

A fine old pear for orchard culture. Bipe in August. 
It should be gathered before it becomes yellow* 

Winter Beurr^. See Achan. 

Winter Beurr^. See Chaumontel, 

WiNTEB BoN Che^tien (D'Angoisse; Bon ChrHien 
d*Hiver; Bon ChrStien de Tours; De St Martin), — ^Fruit 
large, obtuse-pyriform, very irregular and bossed in its 
outline. Skin dingy yellow, with a tinge of brown next 
the sun, and strewed with small russet dots. Eye open, 
set in a deep basin. Stalk an inch to an inch and a naif 
long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, 
sweet, and perfumed. 

This re(iuires a wall, but is not worthy of such a situa- 
tion. It is in use from December to March ; and is more 
adapted for stewing than for the dessert. 

WiNTEE Feanc Beal (Mn Or d*Hiver; Franc Beal 
d*JIiver; Gros Jficc^).— Fruit medium sized, obovate, 
uneven in its outline. Skin of a fine lemon-yellow colour, 
with light brownish-red next the sun, thickly covered 
with pale brown dots and markings of russet. Eye open, 
set in a rather deep basin. StaDc an inch long, inserted 



in a deep esriij. Fledi yeDovisli, eoant-gtjSmei, jwj, 
MweeU aod aromaiie. 

A fine sieiriii^ pear, in nae ficom Jamiaij till Marck. 
When eooked the flesh beeomea of a fine might porp^ 
eolonr, and riehlj flavoored. 

Winter Green. See Ber^mmeUe d'WolLnide, 

WiKTEB Okes {Oka^; Oke» d'Siver).— Fruit below 
medium size, roundish. Skin lemon yelloir, marked with 
patches of ciunamon-coloured russet. £je open, set in a 
round, deep basin. Stalk an ineh long, inserted without 
depression. Flesh buttery, melting, and juicy, rich^ 
angary, and well flaTonred. Sripe in December. 

WiHTEB Nelis {Beurri de Malines ; Bonne 3fafinaise; 
Bonne de Malines ; Colmar Nelis; JBtonneau; Fondante 
de Malines i Malinaise Cuvelier ; Nelis d*Siver). — Fruit 
below medium size, roundish-obovate. Skin dull yel- 
low rsh-green, covered with numerous mssety dots and 
patches of brown russet. Eye open, set in a shallow 
depression. Stalk from an inch to an inch and a half 
lon^, set in a narrow cavity. Flesh yellowish, fine- 
gramed, buttery and melting, with a rich, sugary, and 
vinous flavour, and a fine aroma. 

One of the richest flavoured pears. It is in use from 
November till February. The tree forms a handsome 
small pyramid, is quite nardy, and an ezcdlent bearer* 

Winter Poplin. See Bezi de Caissoy. 

WiWTEB Thobst (Spine d* Hiver ; JSpine Based' Hkfer), 
•—Fruit above medium size, oborate. Skin smooth, 
yellowish-green, covered with greyish-brown dots. Eye 
mall and open, set in a wide basin. Stidk an inch long, 
inserted witnout depression. Flesh whitish, tender, and 
bnttery, with a sweet and agreeable musky flavour. la 
use from November till January. 

Win TEE Windsor (Petworth). — Fruit large^ and 
handsome, obovate-turbinate. Skin smooth and shining, 
greenish-yellow in the shade and orange, faintly streaked 
with brownish-red next the sun ; covered all over witb 
minute dots. Eye large and open, set in a shallow basin. 
Stalk half an inch long, slender, inserted without de<- 

Sression. Flesh crisp, juicy, and pleasantly flavoured, 
tipe in November. 

YsLf (Yutte), — Fruit below medium size, obtnse-pyri- 
form. Skin thickly icovered with brown russet and 



sprinkled with numerous grey specks, sometimes with 
browuisli-red next the sun. Eye smaU and open, set in 
a shallow basin. Stalk an inch long, obliquely inserted 
without depression. Flesh white, tender, juicy, and 
melting, with a rich, sugary, and highly perfumed flavour. 
An excellent early pear. !Bipe in September. The tree 
is hardy, and a great Dearer. 

York Bergamot. See Autumn Berff^MtuM* 

Yutte. See Yat 

Zephirin GBsaoiBE. — Fruit about medium size, 
oundish. Skin pale greenish-yellow, sometimes becoming 
of a uniform pale waxen yellow, Covered with russet 
dots and markings. Eye very small, slightly depressed. 
Stalk an inch long, inserted without depression. Flesh 
yeUow, buttery, melting, and very juicy, very rich, sugary, 
and vinous, with a powerfnl and peculiar aroma. 

A most delicious pear. Ripe in December and January. 
The tree forms a handsome pyramid, succeeds best on the 
pear stock, and is an excellent bearer. 



LISTS OF SELECT PEAES, 
Arranged in their order of ripening. 



I. COLLECTIONS OP SIX VARIETIES FOR PYRAMIDS, BITSHES, 

OR ESPALIERS. 

1. 

Jargonelle Soldat Bsperen 

Williams' Bon Chretien batinka 

XJrbaniste 29^6 Plus Means 

2. 

Citron des Carmes Nouveau Poiteau 

Louise Bonne of Jersey Bousselet Enfant Prodigue 

Jersey 0r8tioli Beurr^Sterckmaas 

8. 

Beurr^ GKffard Tan Mons L^on le Okre 

Beurr6 d'Amanlw Doyenn^ Defais 

BaronQe de Mello Gtlou. Mopreeau 



m 



Bloodflood 
Stfuire Sin 



SedJe 



SupflfAn 



Hampdcn'c Bergamot 
Fondante d'Automne 
Paradife d'Automne 



S. 



HarieLooiaa 
Knight's 
Beiirre de Bmee 



Bonddei 
Winter Hdk 
Jos^phina de Mtlhif 



Summer Bote 
VaTez Peintre 
Dochesfe d'Orl&mt 



Ambrosift 
Albertine 
CSomte de Jjuuf 



7. 



Figne de KaplBs 

Jeweaa 

Zephirin Gr^goire 

Beurr^ Berckmam 

Moocas 

L'lnoonnne 



Fl2miBli Beaut/ 
Henry the Fomrth 
Eyewood 



Earlj Bonafielet 
Beorr^ Goubanlt 
BedPoyenn^ 



a 



Thompson's 
Beurr^ DuTal 
Forelle 



Suffolk Thorn 
Henriette Bonrier 
Hujshe's Beigamot 



IL COLLECnONS OF TWELVE YARIETIES FOK PTKAMU>8» 

BUSHES, OB, ESPALIERS. 



Oitron des Cannes 

Hampden's Bergamot 

Beurr^ d'Amanlis 

Louise Bonne of Jersey 

SecUe 

Tan Hons L^on le Clero 



1. 



De Spoelberg 
Br. Trousseau 
Beurr^ Berckmans 
Winter Nelis 
Beurr^ Sterckmaos 
Easter Beurrd. 



■( ■ 
t 



Dojenn^ d'Bt^ 

Jargonelle 

Beurr^ Giffard 

WUliams' Bon OhrMen 

Albertine 

Beurr^Hardj 



Beurr^ Diel 
Soldat Esperen 
Henriette Bouyier 
Olou Morceau 
Ne Plus Meuris 
Bergamotte Esperen 



PBAB8. 



225 



Earlj Rousselet 

Summer Bose 

Flemish Beauty 

Peach 

Henry the Fourth 

Baronue de Mello 



8. 



Duchesse d* Angoal6me 

Noureau Poiteau 

Beurr^ Boso 

Jewess 

Moccas 

Z^phirin G-r^goire 



Bloodgood 
St. Denis 
Beurrd Superfln 
Fondante d'Automne 
Oomte de Lamy 
Marie Louise 



Suffolk Thorn 
Thompson's 
Gatinka 

Knisht's Monarch 
Josephine de Malines 
Van de Weyer Bates 



fat 

Beurr^ Gouhault 

Vineuse 

Jersey G-ratioli 

Eyewood 

Bondelet 



6, 



Beurr6 Duval 

Doyenne Defais 

Forelle 

Huyshe's Bergamot 

L'lnconnue 

Beurr^ de Banoe 



Yall^ Franche 
Beurr^ Benott 
Nayez Peintre 
Doyenn^ Boussoch 
Duchesse d' Orleans 
Paradise d'Automne 



6. 



Figue de Naples 
Gomte de Flandres 
Bousselet Enfant Prodigue 
Alexandre Bivort 
Jean de Witto 
Cassante de Mars 



III. VARIETIES REQUIRING A WALL, OR WHfCH ARE IMPROVED 

BY SUCH PROTECTION. 



Bergamotte Esperen 
Beurr^ Bosc 
Beurr^ Diel 
Beurr^ de Banco 
Beurr^ Sterckmant 
Brown Beurr^ 
Colmar 
Crassanne 

Duchesse d'Aiigouldmo 
Easter Beurre 



Forelle 

Ghinsers Bergamot 

G-lou Morceau 

Knight's Monarch 

Ne Plus Meuris 

Passe Colmar 

Prince Albert 

St. Germain 

Van Mons L^on le Clero 

Winter Nelis 



IT. TACIETIE3 FOS OKCHA23 STAXDASD8. 



j^flton Town 
Antmni Bei^iuot 
Beurre CsfKatmosit 
Bkbop*s Thamb 
CkiUocBotai 
Croft G«ll8 
Ejewood 

Hampden's Bapunot 
nettle 
JaigoneDe 



Jenrr Gntioli 



Bonne of Jencj 
Soilblk Thorn 

Swm-sEss 

TTiDiains' Bon Chx^tien 

Windsor 

Winter XelU 

Tallee Fnmdie 

Tat 



f 

y 



T. TABIETIES FOB STEWING AXD PEE3E&TI5G. 

Belmont Flemish Bon Chretien 

OflogQ 



Bezid'Heri 



Black Worcettar 
Catillac 



Yeralam # 

Winter Franc Baal 



TL TAKIETn» FOE KOBTHEBN LATITUDES, AND EXPOSED 
SITUATIONS IN THE MIDLAND AND SOUTHERN COUNTIES. 



Doyenn^ d'Et^ 

Citron des Cannes 

Jargonelle 

Williams' Bon Chretien 

Bcurr^ d'Amanlis 

Louise Bonne of Jersej 

Hessle 

Comte de Lamy 



Those marked * require a wall, 

Jersey G-ratiolI 
Bed Dibyenne 
Thompson's 



Duchesse d'Angonldme* 
Marie Louise* 
Beurr^ Diel* 
Knight's Monarch 
Beurre do Banoe* 







''iA* 



227 



PLUMS. 

SYNOPSIS OF PLUMS. 

I. rnTriT round. 



♦ Summer 

1. Skiwpatik. 

A. Freestones. 
Angelina Burdett 
Corse's Nota Bene 
Damas de Mangeron 
Italian Damask 
Ktrke'8 
Late Orleans 
Do Montfort 
IfeclaTine 
Peach 

Purple Gage 
Queen Mother 
Woolston Black Gage 

B. Clingsionee. 
Belgian Purple 
Prost Gage 
Lombard 



shoots smooth. 

Nelson's Victorj 
Prince of Walea 

Suisse 

2. Skik PlWi. 

A. Freestones. 
Ahricot^ do Braunau 
Aunt Ann 

General Hand 
©Tcen Gage 
July Green G«ge 
Late Green Gage 
Heine CJlaude de Batay 
White Damask 
Yellow Gage 

B. Clingstones.^ 
Large Green Drying 
Lucombe's Nonesuch 
McLaughlin 



1. Skin dabjc. 

A. Freestones. 
Blue Gage 
Coe's Late Bed 
Columbia 
Damas Mosqn^ 
Damas de Pro^eno* 
Early Orleana 
Orleans 
Boyale 

Boyale HMivo 
Boyale de Tours 
Tardive do Chalons 



•* Summer shoots dovony. 

B. Clingstones. 
Morocco 



2. Skin pais. 

• ji. Freestone* 
Apricot 

Ddnniston's Supe^i 
Drap d'Or 
Lawrence Gage 

B. Clingstones, 
Huhngs' Superb 
Imperial Ottoman 
White puUace 



PLXTMS. 



II. FRX7IT OVAL. 

f Summer shoots smooth. 



1. Skih dabk. 

A. Freestones, 
D'Agen 

Autumn Compete 
Cooper's Large 
Early Prolific 
Fotberingham 
Italian Quetsche 
Quetsche 

Bed Magnum Bonam 
Boyal Daupliin 
Standard of England 

B. Clingstones, 
Blue Imperatrice. 
Cherry 

Ickworth Imperatrice 
Imp^riale de Milan 
Pond's Seedling 
Prince Englebert 
Smith's Orleans 



tt Summer 
1. Skin dabe. 

A. Freestones, 
Cheston 

Bamas de Septemhro 

Damson 

Diamond 

Diapree Bouge 

Early Fayourite 

Isabella 

Perdiigon Yiolefc HHif 

Bed Perdrigon 

Beine Claude Bouge 

Stoneless 

Victoria 

Violet Damask 

B. Clingstones, 
Belle de Septembrp 
Blue Perdngon 



2. Skik pus. 

A. Freestones, 
Autumn Gage 
Damas Dronet 
Dunmore 
Jefferson 
Mamelonnl 

St. Etienne 
St. Martin's Quetsehe 
Transparent Gage 
White Imperatrice 

B. Clingstones, 
Coe's Golden Drop 
Downton Imperatrice 
Emerald Drop 
Guthrie's Apricot 
Guthrie's Late Green 
Mirabelle Tardive 

St. Catherine 

Topaz 

White Magnum Bonum 

"fellow Impdratrice 

shoots doicny. 

Corse's Admiral 
Goliath 
Isabella 

Precoce de Tours 
Prune Damson 
Winesour 

2. S£IK PALS. 

A. Freestones, 
Bleeker's Gttge 
Gisborne's 
Imperial Gage 
Mirabelle Petite 
Precoce de Bergthold 
Washington 
White Perdrigon 
White Primordian 

B. Clingstones, 
White Damson 



FLUHS. 229 

Abricot^e Blanclie. See Apincot. 

Abricotee de Braunau. — Fruit about medium size, 
roundish, and marked with a deep suture. Skin green, 
like the Green Gage, covered with a white bloom, and 
becoming yellowish as it ripens, and sometimes with a 
blush of red next the sun. Stalk an inch long, stout. 
Flesh greenish-yellow, rather firm in texture, juicy and 
rich, with a fine and remarkable piquancy, and separating 
freely from the stone. The kernel is rather sweet. Shoots 
smooth. 

A most excellent plum. Bipe in the beginning of 
September. Its fine sprightly flavour is as remarkable 
among dessert plums as that of the Mayduke is among 
cherries. 

Abricotee de Tours. See Apricot, 

D'Agen (Agen Date ; Prune D'Ast ; Prune du Moi ; 
JRobe de Sargent ; St. Maurin). — Fruit medium sized, 
obovate, and somewhat flattened on one side. Skin deep 
purple, almost approaching to black, and covered with 
blue bloom. Stalk short. Flesh greenish-yellow, sweet 
and well flavoured. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent drying and preserving plum. Ripe in 
September. It is this which, in a dried state, forms the 
celehr&ted pruneaux d'Agen. 

Agen Date. See D*Agen, 

Alderton. See Sharp's Emperor, 

Amber Primordian. See White Primordian. 

American Damson. See Frost Gage^ 

Angelina Buedett. — Fruit above medium size, round, 
and marked with a suture, which is deepest towards the 
stalk. Skin thick, dark purple, thickly covered with 
brown dots and blue bloom. Stalk about an inch long. 
Flesh yellowish, juicy, rich, and highly flavoured, sepa- 
rating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent dessert plum. Hipe in the beginning of 
September, and if allowed to hang till it snrivels, it 
forms a perfect sweetmeat. The tree is a good bearer 
and hardy. 

Anglaise Noire. See Chileans, 

Apricot (AhricotSe Blanche ; Ahricotie de Tours ; Old 
Apricot; Yellow Apricot). — Fruit larger than Green 



230 IXITM9. 

G&f^e, roundish, and sliglitlj elongated, Trith a deep 
suture on one side of it. Skin yellowish, with a tinge of 
ted on the side next the sun, strewed with red dots, and 
covered with a white bloom. Stalk about half an inch 
long. Flesh yellow, meltixig and juicy, with a rich, 
pleasant flavour, and separating from the atone. Yoai^ 
shoots covered with a whitish down. 

A dessert plum, requirini^ a wall to have it in perfec- 
tion, and when well ripened little inferior to Green Grage. 
Hipe in the middle of September. 

Askew's Golden Egg. See Wldte Magnum JBonum, 

Askew*s Purple Egg. Sec Bed Magnum Bonum. 

Aunt Ann (GuthHes Aunt Ann). — This is a lary^fo, 
round plum, of a greenish-yellow colour. The flesh of a 
rich, juicy flavour, and separates freely from the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

It ripens in the middle of September. The tree la very 
hardy and productive. 

Autumn Compote. — This is a very large oval-shaped 
plum, raised by Mr. Eivers, of Sawbridgeworth, from 
Cooper's Large. It is very handsome, and the skin is of 
a bright red colour. As a culinary plum, or for preserv- 
ing, it is of the first quality. When preserved the pulp 
is of an amber colour, flavour rich, and possessing more 
acidity than the Green Gage does when preserved. It is 
ripe in the end of September. Shoots smooth. 

Autumn Gagb (Roes Autumn Gage), — Fruit medium 
sized, oval or rather cordate, marked with a shallow suture, 
which extends to half the length of the fruit. Skin pale 
yellow, covered with thin whitish bloom. Stalk three 
quarters of an inch long, not depressed. Flesh greenish- 
yellow, juicy and sweet, with a rich and excellent flavour. 
Shoots smooth. 

An excellent dessert plutn. Eipe in the middle of 
October. The tree is an excellent bearer. 

Avant Prune Blanche. See White Frimordian, 

D*Avoino. See White Primordian, 

Azure Hative. See Blue Gage, 

Battle Monument. See Blue Perdngon, 

Becker's Scarlet. See Lomhard. 

Beekman's Scarlet. Sec Lomhard, 



FLUK3. 231 

Belgian Pctbple (Bleu de Belgique). — ^Fruit medium 
sized, roundish, marked with a shallow suture, one side 
of which is a little swollen. Skin deep purple, corered 
with blue hloom. Stalk about an inch long, inserted in 
a cavity. Flesh greenish, rather coarse, very juicy, 
sweet, and rich, slightly adherent to the stone. Shoots 
smooth. Eipe in the middle of August. 

Belle de Septxmbbe (Reina Nova; Gros Rouge de 
Septemhre), — Fruit large, roundish-oval, marked with a 
shallow suture. Skin thin, violet-red, thickly covered 
with yellow dots, and a thin blue bloom. Stalk half an 
inch long, slender, inserted in a shallow cavity. Flesh 
yellowish-white, firm, juicy, sweet, and aromatic. Shoots 
downv. 

A nrst-rate plum for cooking or preserving ; it furnishes 
a fine crimson juice or syrup. Itipe in tiiie beginning 
and middle of October. 

Black Damask. See Morocco, 

Black Morocco. See Morocco. 

Black Perdrigon. See Blue Oage, 

Bleeker's Gage. See BleeJcer*» Yellow Gage. 

Bleeker*s Scarlet. See Lomhceri. 

Blebkeb's Yellow Gage (BleeJcers Oage; German 
Gage). — Fruit medium sized, roundish-oval, marked with 
a faint suture. Skin yellow, containing numerous im- 
bedded white specks, and covered with thin white bloom. 
Stalk downy, an inch and a quarter long, not depressed. 
Flesh yellow, rich, and sweet, separating freely from the 
stone. Shoots downy. Eipe in the midme of September. 

Bleu de Belgique. See Belgian JPurple. 

Blue Gage (Azure Sdtive ; BlacJc Perdrigon; Cooper* s 
Blue Gage). — Fruit of medium size, quite round. Skin 
dark purple, covered with a blue bloom. Stalk three 
quarters of an inch long. Flesh yellowish-green, juicy, 
briskly and somewhat richly flavoured, separating from 
the stone. Shoots downy. 

A second-rate plum. Eipe in the beginning of August. 

Blue Tmpeeatbice (ImpSratrice ; JSmprees). — Fruit 
medium sized, obovate, tapering considerably towards 
the stalk, and marked with a shallow suture. Skin deep 
purple, covered with a thick blue bloom. Stalk about an 
inch long, not depressed. Flesh greenish-yellow, of a 



2d2 PLUMS. 

rich sugary flayoor, and adhering to the stone. Shoota 
smooth. 

A first-rate plum either for the dessert or preserving. 
Hipe in October. The tree requires a wall, and the fruit 
will hang long on the tree, when it becomes shrivelled 
and very rich in flavour. 

Blub Pebdbigon (Brignole Violette ; Battle MonU' 
ment; Perdrigon Vtolette ; Violet Perdrigon). — Fruit 
medium sized, oval, widest at the apex, flattened on the 
side marked with the suture, which is shallow. Skin 
reddish-purple, marked with minute yellow dots, and 
covered with thick greyish- white bloom. Stalk three 
Quarters of an inch lon^, inserted in a small and rather 
aeep cavity. Flesh greenish-yellow, firm, rich, and sugary. 
Shoots downy. 

A good old plum, suitable either for the dessert or 
preserving. The tree requires to be grown against an 
east or a south-east wall ; the bloom is very tender and 
siisccptible of early spring frosts. 

Bolmar. See Washington. 

Bolmar's Washington. See Washington. 

Bonum Magnum. See White Magnum Bonum 

Bradford Gage. See Green Gage, 

Bricette. See Mirahelle Tardive, 

Brignole. See White Perdrigon, 

Brignole Violette. See Blue Perdrigon. 

Brugnon Green Gage. See Green Gage, 

BuUace. See White Bullace, 

Bury Seedling. See Coe*s Golden Drop, 

Caledonian. See Goliath, 

De Catalogue. See White Primordian, 

Catalonian. See White Primordian, 

Cerisette Blanche. See White Primordian. 

Chapman's Prince of Wales. See Prince of Wales, 

Chebby (Early Scarlet ; Miser Plum ; Myrohalan ; 
Virginian Cherry). — Fruit medium sized, cordate, some- 
what flattened at the stalk, and terminated at the apex 
by a small nipple, which bears upon it the remnant of 
the style like a small bristle. Skm veiy thick and acrid 



VLvudf 233 

pale red, and marked with small greyish- white dots. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long, slender, and insertedl 
in a small cavity. Flesh yellow, sw^et, juicy, and sul> 
acid, adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

More ornamental than useful in the dessert, but is good 
when baked, or in tarts. Sipe in the beginning or middle 
of August. 

Cheston (Dennie; DiaprSe Violeite ; Friars), — ^Fruit 
medium sized, oval, and rather widest at the stalk ; suture 
scarcely discernable. Skin purple, thickly covered with 
blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long, slender, and not 
depressed. Flesh deep yellow, firm, brisk, and with a 
sweet, agreeable flavour, separating from the stone* 
Shoots downy. 

A dessert or preserving plum. Eipe in the beginning 
and middle of August. 

De Chypre. See Damas MusquS, 

Coe's. See Coe*8 Golden Drop, 

Coe's Golden Drop (Bury Seedling; Goes; Coe*s. 
Imperial ; Fair* 9 Golden Drop ; Golden Drop ; Golden 
Gage). — ^Fruit very large, oval, with a short neck at the 
stalk, and marked with a deep suture, which extends the 
whole length of the fruit. Skin pale yellow, marked 
with a number of dark red spots. Stalk about an inch 
long, stout, and not depressed. Flesh yellow, rich> 
sugary, and delicious, aahering closely to the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

One of the finest plums, and adapted either for the 
dessert or preserving. It ripens in the end of September. 
It is much improved by being grown against a wall. 

Coe's Imperial. See Coe's Golden Drop, 

CoE*s Late Eed (St, Martin ; St. Martin JRouge), — 
Fruit medium sized, round, marked on one side with a 
deep suture. Skin bright purple, covered with a thin 
blue bloom. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, not 
depressed. Flesh yellowish, firm and juicy, with a sweet 
and sprightly flavour, and separating from the stone. 
Shoots downy. 

As a late plum, ripening in the end of October, and 
hanging for a month or six weeks later, this is a valuable 
variety. 

Columbia (Columbia Gage). — Fruit very large, almost 
round. Skin deep reddish-purple, dotted with yeU 



lovidi doliy aad tlncUj corered with blae l^oom. StsDc 
an indi long, inwited in a fmall, Monnr esritj. "FkA 
anmge, wil£ a ricii, sogaiy, and driiekms flsroiir, sepa^ 
ratini^ from tiie stooe. Shoots downj. Bipe in ihe 
md& of S eyiea Acr, 

Coinmlna Gage. See Columhia, 

Cooper's Blue Crage. See ^^ Gii^e. 

Coofek's Labgk (CtNipfrV J^rge Awtericam ; Coeper*9 
Ijarge Red; La DcUeiense). — ^Fmit abore medhnn sue* 
ora], eonsideraUy enlarged on one side of the antore* 
which is hroad and shallow. Skin pale yellow en tii« 
shaded side, and daric pnrple on the side next the Sfm, 
corered with namerons brown dots. Stalk an inch long, 
inserted in a small caritj. Flesh yellowish-green, juicy* 
with a rich and delicious flaTOur, separating firom the 
stone. Shoots smooth. Bipe in the end of September 
and begmning of October. 

Cosse's Admibal. — Fruit large, the size of Bed IMjig- 
num Bonnm ; oral, considerably swollen on one side of 
the sntnre, which is deep and well defined. Skin light 
nnrple, dotted with yellow dots, and covered with pale 
lilac bloom. Stalk an inch lon^, inserted in a small 
cayity. Flesh greenish-yellow, brisk and juicy, pleasantly 
flayoured, and adhering closely to the stone. Shoots 
downy. 

A preserving plum. Bipe in the end of September. 

Cobsb's JS'ota Bene. — Fruit large, round. Skin 
brownish-purple, frith somewhat of a greenish tinge on 
the shaded side, and thickly covered with pale blue 
bloom. Stalk half an inch long, inserted in a small round 
cavity. Flesh greenish, firm and juicy, with a rich, 
sugary flavour, separating from tne stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A dessert plum. Bipe in the middle and end of 
September. 

Damas Blanc. See White Damask, 

Damas Blanc Gros. See White Damash, 

Damas Blanc H^tif Gros. See White Damash. 

Damas Deonet. — Fruit small, oval, and without any- 
apparent suture. Skin bright green, changing to yel* 
lowish as it ripens^ covered with a very thin light bloom. 
Stalk half an mch long, slender, inserted in a narrow and 



PLUMS. 235 

rather deep cavity. "Flesh greenish, transparent, firm, 
very sugary, and separating freely from the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 
A dessert plmn. Bipe in the end of August. 

Damas d'ltalie. See Italian Damcuh, 

Damas db Manoebon (Manfferon). — Fruit above 
medium size, round, and inclining to oblate, without 
any apparent suture. Skin adhering to the fiesh, lively 
purple, strewed with minute yellowish dots, and thickly 
covered with blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long, 
slcDder, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh greenish- 
yellow', firm, not very juicy, but sugary, and separating 
from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A baking or preserving plum. Bipe in the beginning 
and middle of September. 

Damas Musque {De Cliypre; Prune de Malthe), — 
Fruit small, roundish, flattened at both ends, and marked 
with a deep suture. Skin deep purple or nearly black, 
thickly covered with blue bloom. Stalk half an inch 
long, mserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellow, firm, very 
juicy, with a rich and musky flavour, ana separating from 
the stone. Shoots slightly downy. 

A dessert or preserving plum. Bipe in the end of 
Auguat and beginning of September. 

Damas db Peovencb {Damas de Provence HAtif), — 
Fruit above medium size, roundish, and marked on one 
side with a deep suture. Skin reddish-purple, covered 
with blue bloom. Stalk lialf an inch long, inserted in a 
small cavity. Flesh yellowish-green, sweet and pleasantly 
flavoured, separating from the stone. Shoots slightly 
downy. 

A baking plum. Bipe in the end of July and begin- 
ning of August. 

Damas db Septembee (Prune de Vacance), — Fruit 
small, oval, marked on one side with a distinct suture. 
Skin brownish-purple, thickly covered with blue bloom. 
Stalk half an inch long, slender, inserted in a narrow and 
rather deep cavity. Flesh yellow, firm, rich, and agree- 
ably flavoured when well ripened, and separating from 
the stone. Shoots downy. 

A dessert or preserving plum. Bipe in the end of 
September. 

Damas de Tours. See Prdcoce de Tours, 



236 PLUMS. 

Damas Vert. See Green Gage. 

Daroaseen. See Prune Damson. 

Dame Aubert. See White Magnum Bonutn. 

Dame Aubert Blanche. See White Magnum Bonum. 

Dame Aubert Yiolette. See Bed Magnum Bonum. 

Damson {Common Damson; Bound Damson). — Fruit 
very small, roundish-ovate. Skin deep dark purple or 
black, covered with thin bloom. Flesh greenish-yellow, 
juicy, very acid, and rather austere till higlily ripened, 
and separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A well-known preserving plum. Eipe in the end of 
September. 

Dauphine. See Green Gage, 

La Delicieuse. See Cooper s Large, 

Dennie. See Cheston. 

Denni8ton*s Supbbb. — Fruit above medium size, 
round, and a little flattened, marked with a distinct 
suture, which extends quite round the fruit. Skin pale 
yellowish-green, marked with a few purple thin blotches 
and dots, and covered with bloom. Stalk three quarters 
of an inch long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellow, 
firm, not very juicy, but rich, sugary, and vinous, sepa- 
rating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A first-rate dessert plum. Bipe in the middle of 
August. 

Diamond. — Fruit very large, oval, marked on one side 
with a distinct suture, which is deepest towards the stalk. 
Skin dark purple, approaching to black, and covered with 
pale blue bloom. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, 
inserted in a narrow and deep cavity. Flesh deep yel- 
low, coarse in texture, juicy, and with a brisk agreeable 
acid flavour ; it separates with difficulty from the stone. 
Shoots downy. 

One of the best preserving or cooking plums. Bipe in 
the middle of September. 

Diaper. See Diaprie Bouge. 

DiAFB^E BonaE {Diaper ; Imperial Diadem ; Mimms ; 
Bed Diaper ; Boche Corhon). — Fruit large, obovate. 
Skin pde red, thickly covered with brown dots, so much 
80 as to make it appear of a dull colour, and covered with 
thin blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long, inserted in a 



PLUMS. 237 

slight cavity. Flesh greenish-yellow, firm, and fine- 
grained, separating, but not freely, from the stone, juicy, 
and of a rich, sugary flavour. Shoots downy. 

A good plum for preserving, or the dessert. Bipe in 
the middle of Septemoer. 

Diapree Yiolette. See Chestan. 

DowKTON Impebatbice. — Fruit medium sized, oval, 
narrowing a little towards the stalk, and slightly marked 
with a suture on one side. Skin thin and tender, pale 
yellow. Flesh yellow, separating from the stone, juicy 
and melting, with a sweet and agreeable subacid flavour. 
Shoots smooth. 

An excellent preserving plum, but only second-rate for 
the dessert. Bipe in October. 

Dbap d*Ob (Cloth of Gold: Mirahelle Double; Mira- 
belle Grosse ; Yelloio Perdrigon), — Fruit below medium 
size, round, indented at the apex, and marked on one 
side by a distinct but very shallow suture. Skin tender, 
fine bright yellow, markea with numerous crimson spots, 
and covered with thin white bloom. Stalk slender, half 
an inch long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellow, 
melting, with a rich, sugary flavour, separating from the 
stone. Shoots downy. 

A good dessert plum. E>ipe in the middle of August. 

DuNMOBE. — Fruit medium sized, oval. Skin thick, 
greenish-yellow, becoming of a bright colden yellow when 
ripe. Stalk half an inch long, inserted in a small cavity. 
Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured, 
separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent dessert plum. Eipe in the end of Sep- 
tember and beginning of October. 

Early Damask. See Morocco, 

Eaklt Favobite (Rivers* Early Favorite; Rivers 
No, 1). — Fruit rather below medium size, roundish-oval, 
and marked with a shallow suture. Skin deep dark 
purple, almost black, marked with russet dots, and 
covered with thin bloom. Flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, 
sweet, and of excellent flavour, separating from the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

An excellent early plum, raised by Mr. Bivers, of 
Pawbridgeworth, from Pr^coce de Tours. It ripens in 
the end of July ; and is deserving of a wall, when it 
will ripen in the middle of the month. 



238 PLUus. 

Early Morocco* See Morocco, 

Early Obleans (Grimwood Early Orlecme ; JEEampton 
Court; Monsieur Sdtif; Monsieur SAtif de Montmo^ 
rency ; New Orleans ; Wilmofs Early Orleans ; Wilmofs 
Orleans). — Fruit medium !?ized, round, flattened at tho 
apex, and marked with, a suture, which extends the 
whole length of one side. Skin deep purple, mottled 
with darker colour, and covered with thin olue bloom. 
Stalk slender, about half an inch long, inserted in a rather 
deep cavity. Flesh yellowish-green, tender, of a rather 
rich flavour, and separating freely from the stone. Shoots 
downy. 

A second-rate dessert plum, but excellent for culinary 
purposes. Eipe in the beginning and middle of August. 

Eaely Prolific (Bivers* Early Trolific; JRivers* 
No. 2). — Fruit medium sized, rounmsh-oval. Skin deep 
purple, covered with thin bloom. Stalk half an inch 
long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellowish, juicy, 
sweet, with a pleasant brisk acidity, separating from the 
stone. Shoots smooth. 

A valuable early plum, ripening in the end of July. 
The tree is great bearer, and very hardy, rarely ever 
missing a crop. It was raised by Mr. Eivers, of Saw- 
bridgeworth, irom Pr ^coce de Tours. 

Early Royal. See JRoyale Sdtive, 

Early Eussian. See Quetsche, 

Early Scarlet. See Cherry, 

Early Yellow. See White Primordian, 

Egg Plum. See White Magnum Bonum, 

Emebald Dbop. — Finiit medium sized, oval, marked 
with a deep suture, which is higher on one side than the 
other. Skin pale yellowish' green. Stalk three quarters 
of an inch long, inserted in a very shallow cavity. Flesh 
greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet, and of good flavour, sepa- 
rating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

Eipe in the end of August and beginning of September. 

Empress. See Blue Impiratrice. 
Fair's Golden Drop. See Coe*s Golden Drop, 
Fellemberg. See Italian Quetsche. 
Florence. See Bed Magnum Bonum, 
Flushing Gage. See Imperial Gage, 



PLUMA. 

Pontliill. See Fondas SeedUng. 
Fotheringay. See Fotherimgkai 

PoTHESiNanAM (Fotheringay : Grove House JPurple; 
Ited Fotheringham ; Sheen). — fruit medium sized, obo* 
vate, with a well-defined suture, whicli is higher on one 
side than the other. Skin deep reddish-purple on the 
side next the suu, and bright red where shaded, coyered 
with thin blue bloom. Stalk an inch long, not deeply 
inserted. Flesh pale greenish-yellow, not juicy, sugary, 
with a pleasant subacid flarour, and separating £rom the 
stone. Shoots smooth. 

A good dessert plum. Eipe in the middle of August. 

Franklin. See Washington, 
Friar's. See CJieston* 

Fkost Gaoe {American Damson / Frost Plum), — 
Fruit small, roundish-oyal, and marked with a distinct 
suture. Skin deep purple, strewed with russet dots, and 
covered with a l^in bloom. Stalk about three quarters of 
an inch lofng. Flesh ^eenish-yellow, juicy, sweet, and 
rather richly fiavoured, adhering to the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

An excellent little plum. Eripe in October. The tree 
is a great bearer. 

Frost Plum. See Frost Gage, 

Geneeal Hand. — Fruit very large, roundish-oval, 
marked with a slight suture. Skin deep golden yellow, 
marbled with greenish-yellow. Stalk long, inserted in 
a shallow cavity. Flesh pale yellow, coarse, not very 
juicy, sweet, and of a good flavour, and separating from 
the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A preserving plum. Bipe in the beginning and middle 
of September. 

German Gage. See Sleeker* s Yellow Gage* 

German Prune. See Quetsche. 

German Quetsche. See Quelsche. 

Gi8B0BNB*s (Gishornes Early; Faterson*s). — Fruit 
rather below medium size, roundish-oval, marked with a 
distinct suture. Skin greenish-yellow, but changing as 
it ripens to fine amber, with a few crimson spots, and 
numerous grey russet dots interpersed. Stalk half an 
inch to three quarters long, inserted in a very shallow 



^0 (LUMS. 

cavity. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse-grained, and not very 
juicy, briskly acid» with a slight sweetness,. and separating 
from the stone. Shoots downv. 

A cooking pluto. Eipe in the middle of August. The 
tree is an early and abundant bearer. 

Gisbome's Early. See Gishornes, 

Gloire de New York. See Hulings* Superb. 

Golden Drop. See Coe^s Golden Drop. 

Golden Gage. See Co€*s Golden Ih*op. 

Goliath (Caledonian; St, Cloud; Steers* Emperor ; 
Wilmofs Late Orleans). — Fruit large, oblong, with a 
well-marked suture, one side of which is higher than the 
other. Skin deep reddish-purple, but paler on the shaded 
side, and covered with thin blue bloom. Stalk three 
quarters of an inch long, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh 
yellow, juicy, brisk, and of good flavour, adhering to the 
stone. Shoots downy. 

A fine showy plum, and though only of second-rate 
quality for the dessert, is excellent for preserving and 
other culinary purposes. Eipe in the end of August. 
This is sometimes, but erroneously, csiWedNectarinePlum. 

Gonne's Green Gage. See Yelloto Gage, 

Great Damask. See Green Gage. 

Geeen Gage (Abricot Vert; Bradford Green Gaffe; 
Brugnon Green Gage; Damas Vert; Dauphine; Great 
Green Damask; Grosse Beine ; Ida Green Gage ; Isle- 
worth Green Gage ; Mirahelle Vert Double ; Queen 
Claudia; Beine Claude; Beine Claude Grosse; Bens- 
selaar Gage; Schuyler Gage; Sucrin Vert; Tromphe 
Gargon; Trompe Valet; Verdacia; Verdochio ; Vert 
Bonne; Verte TiqueiSe; Wilmofs Green Gage). — Fruit 
medium sized, round, and a little flattened at both ends ; 
dimpled at the apex, and marked on one side by a shallow 
suture, which extends from the stalk to the apex. Skin 
tender, yellowish-green, but, when fully ripe, becoming 
of a deeper yellow, cloudedwith green, and marked with 
crimson spots, and covered with thin ashy -grey bloom. 
Stalk half an inch to three quarters long, inserted in a 
small cavity. Flesh greenish-yellow, tender, melting, 
and very juicy, with a rich, sugary, and most delicious 
flavour; it separates freely from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

One of the richest of all the plums. Eipe in the middle 
And end of August. 



PLUMS. 241 

Grimwood*s Early Orleans. See Early Orleans. 
Grosse Luisante. See White Magnum Bonum, 
Grosse Eeine. See Green Gage, 
Grosse Eouge de Septembre. See Belle de Septemhre* 
Grove House Purple. See Fotheringham, 

Gutheib's Apbicot. — Fruit above medium size, 
roundish-oval. Skin yellow, strewed with crimson dots, 
and covered with thin bloom. Stalk rather long, set in 
a small depression. Flesh yellow, rather coarse, juicy 
and sweet, adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A second-rate dessert plum. Eipe in the end of Augustr 

Guthrie's Aunt Ann. See Aunt Ann, 

Gutheie's Late Geeen. — Fruit above medium size,, 
round, marked with a suture, which is swollen on one 
side. Skin yellow, clouded with green, and covered with 
a thin bloom. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, 
inserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellow, firm, not very 
juicy, but exceedingly rich and sugary, adhering slightly 
to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A very fine dessert plum, rivalling the Green GagOt 
and ripening about a month later — the end of September* 
The tree is hardy, and a good bearer. 

Hampton Court. See Early Orleans, 
Howell's Large. See Nectarine. 

HutiNGS* SuPEEB {Gloire de New York; ITeyser's 
Bhim). — Fruit very large, roundish-oval, marked with a 
shallow suture. Skin greenish-yellow, covered with a 
thin bloom. Stalk short and stout, inserted in a small 
round cavity. Flesh greenish-yellow, rather coarse, but 
rich and sugary, and with a fine brisk flavour 5 it adheres 
to the stone. Shoots downy. 

A fine, large, and richly-flavoured plum. Ripe in the 
end of August. 

Ickwobth's Impeeateice (Knight* 8 No. 6). — Fruit 
large, obovate. Skin purple, marked with yellow streaks. 
Stalk stout, an inch or more in length, it'lesh greenish- 
yellow, tender and juicy, with a rich, sugary flavour, 
and adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent late dessert plum. Ripe in October. It 
will hang till it shrivels, and is then very rich in flavour. 

Impdratrice. See Blue Imjpiratrice. 



242 PLUH8. 

Imp^ratrice Blanche. See White Imperatrice. 

Imfebial Gage (Flushing Gage; Princess Imperial 
Gage). — Fruit above medium size, oval, marked with a 
distinct suture. Skin greenish-yellow, marked with green 
stripes, and covered with thick bloom. Stalk an inch 
long, inserted in a small, even cavity. Flesh greenish, 
tender, melting, and verv juicy, witn a rich and brisk 
flavour, separating from tne stone. Shoots slightly downy . 

A dessert plum. E-ipe in the middle of September. 

Imperial Diadem. See Diaprie Bouge. 

Imperial Ottoman. — Fruit below medium size, 
roundish. Skin dull yellow, covered with a thin bloom. 
Stalk slender, curved, three quarters of an inch long, 
inserted in a slight cavity. Flesh melting, juicy, €uid 
sweet, adhering to the stone. Shoots slightly downy. 

An early dessert plum, ripening in tlie beginning of 
August. 

Impdriale. See Bed Magnum Bonum, 

Imp^riale Blanche. See White Magnum Bonum. 

Imperiale de Milan (Prune de Milan). — Fruit large, 
oval, somewhat flattened on one side, where it is marked 
•with a rather deep suture extending the whole length of 
the fruit. Skin dark purple, streaked and dotted with 
yellow, and covered with thick blue bloom. Stalk about 
an inch long, inserted in a narrow and rather deep cavity. 
Flesh yellowish, firm and juicy, richly flavoured and 
sweet, with a slight musky aroma, and adhering to the 
stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent late dessert and preserving plum. Hipe 
in the beginning of October. 

Imperiale Eouge. See Bed Magnum Bonum, 

Impdriale Violette. See Bed Magnum Bonum. 

Irving *sBolmar. See Washington. 

Isabella. — Fruit medium sized, obovate. Skin deep 
dull red, but paler red where shaded, and strewed with 
darker red dots. Stalk three quarters of an inch long. 
Flesh yellow, juicy, rich, and adhering to the stone. 
Shoots downy. 

A dessert and preserving plum. Eipe in the beginning 
of September. 

Isle worth Green Gage. See Green Gage* 



FLUMS. 243 

Italiak Damask (Damets d'ltalie), — Fruit medium 
sized, roundish, slightly flattened at the base, and marked 
^ith a well-deflned suture. Skin thick, membranous, 
and rather bitter, of a pale purple colour, changing to 
brownish as it ripens, and covered with fine blue bloom. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long, slender, inserted 
in a deep xiavity. Flesh jrellowish-green, firm, rich, 
sugary, and excellent, separating from the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A dessert and preserving plum* Eipe in the beginning 
of September. 

Italian Quetsche {Altesse Double ; Fellemherg ; 
Quetsche d'ltalie; Prune d'ltalie; Semiana). — Fruit 
large, oval, narrowing a little towards the stalk, and 
marked with a shallow suture. Skin dark purplish-blue, 
marked with yellow dots, and covered with thick blue 
bloom. Stalk half an inch long, stout, and inserted in a 
pretty deep cavity. Flesh greenish-yellow, firm, not very 
juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured ; when highly ripened 
separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent dessert or preserving plum. Eipe in the 
beginning of September, and will hang till it shrivels, 
when it is very nch and delicious. This, I believe, to be 
the true Semiana, It well deserves a wall. 

Jaune de Catalogue. See WTiite Primordian, 

Jaune H^tive. See White Primordian, 

Jeffebson. — ^Fruit large, oval, narrowing a little to- 
wards the stalk, and marked with a very faint suture. 
Skin greenish-yellow, becoming of a rich golden yellow, 
flushed with red on the side next the sun, and dotted 
with red dots. Stalk an inch long, thin, and inserted 
in a shallow cavity. Flesh yellow, firm and juicy, rich, 
sugary, and delicious, separating from the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A richly-flavoured dessert plum. Eipe in the begin- 
ning and middle of September. 

Jenkins* Imperial. See Nectarine, 

^ July Gbeen Gage (Reine Claude KAtive), — Fruit the 
size and shape of the Green Gage. Skin thin, of a fine 
deep yellow colour, flushed with bright crimson on the 
side next the sun, and strewed with darker crimson dots ; 
the whole covered with a delicate white bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, slightly depressed. Flesh 



244 FLUM9. 

deep yellow, very tender and juicy, sugary, and ricMy 
flayoured, separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A first-rate and most delicious early jAnrn, equal in 
all respects to the Green Gage, and ripening in tae end 
of July. 

Keyser's Plum. See Sulings* Superb. 

Kibee's. — Fruit ahove medium size, round, and marled 
with a very faint suture. Skin dark purple, with a few 
yellow dots, and corered with a thick blue bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a slight de* 
pression. Flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, sugary, 
and very richly flavoured, separating from the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

A delicious dessert plum. !Bipe in the beginning and 
middle of September. 

Kirke's S toneless. See Stoneless. 

Knevett*8 Late Orleans. See NelsorCs Victory. 

Knight's Gkeen DsYiNa {Large Green Drying), — 
Fruit large, round, and marked with a shallow suture. 
Skin greenish-yellow, and covered with thin white bloom. 
Flesh yellowish, firm, not very juicy, sugary, and richly 
flavoured when highly ripened ; adhering to the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plum. Bipe in the middle and end of Sep- 
tember ; and succeeds best against a wall. 

Knight*s No. 6. See IcJcworth Impiratrice, 

Large Green Drying. See Knight* s Green Drying, 

Late Geeen Gage (Reine Claude d* October ; Heine 
Claude Tardive), — Fruit of the same shape but smaller 
than the Green Gage. Skin greenish-yellow, covered 
with thin white bloom. Stalk stout, three quarters of an 
inch long. Flesh green, juicy, rich and sugary, separat- 
ing from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plum. -Ripe in the end of September and 
beginning of October. 

Late Obleans (Monsieur Tardive; BlacJc Orleans).-^ 
Fruit very similar in appearance to the Orleans, but 
larger. The flesh is more richly flavoured and sugary. 
Shoots smooth. 

A valuable late dessert plum. E-ipe in the end of 
September and beginning of October, and will hang till 
November. 



PI,UHS. 245 . 

Lawrence's Favorite, See Lawrence Gage. 

Lawbekce Gaob (Latdrence's Favorite), — ^Fruit large, 
round, and flattened at both. ends. Skin dull yellowisli- 
green, streaked with darker green on the side exposed to 
the sun, veined with brown, and covered all over with 
thin grey bloom. Stalk half an inch long, inserted in a 
narrow cavity.. Flesh greenish, tender, melting, and juicy r 
rich, sugary, and with a fine vinous, brisk flavour, sepa- 
rating from the stone. Shoots down^. 

A delicious dessert plum. Eipe in the beginning of 
September. 

Leipzig. See Quetsche. 

Little Queen Claude. See Yellow Gage. 

LoMBABD {Bleeher's Scarlet; BecJcmarCs Scarlet),— ^ 
Fruit medium size, roundish-oval, and marked with a 
shallow suture. Skin purplish-red, dotted with darker 
red, and covered with thin bloom. Stalk half an inch 
long, slender, set in a wide funnel-shaped cavity. Flesh 
yelu>w, juicy, and pleasantly flavoured, adhering to the 
stone. Shoots smooth.^ 

A preserving or culinary plum. Eipe in the end of 
August and beginning of September. 

London Plum. See White Primordian. 

Long Damson. See JPrune Damson, 

Lx7C0MBB*8 Nonesuch. — Fruit above medium size^ 
round, and compressed on the side, where it is marked 
with a broad suture. Skin greenish-jellow, streaked 
with orange, and covered with a greyish-white bloom^ 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a rather 
wide cavity. Flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, rich; 
and sugary, with a pleasant briskness, and adhering to 
the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert and preserving plum, bearing considerable 
resemblance to theGreenGage, but not so richly flavoured.- 
Eipe in the end of August. 

MoLAuaHLiK. — Fruit large, roundish-oblate. Skill 
thin and tender, of a flne yellow colour, dotted and 
mottled with red, and covered with thin grey bloom. StalkT 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a small round 
cavity. Flesh yellow, firm, very juicy, sweet, with a rich 
luscious flavour, and adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth* 

AxL excellent plum, ripening in the end of August. 



246 FLUKS. 

Maitre Clauae. See White JPerdrigon, 

Mjlmelonke {Mamelon Sageret), — Fruit mediant sixed, 
roundiali-OYal, tapering with a pear-shaped neck towards 
the stalk, and frequently furnished with a nipple at ^km 
apex. Skin yellowish-green, mottled with red next the 
sun, and covered with grey bloom. Stalk short, inserted 
without depression. Flesh yellowish, firm, venr juiey, 
sugary, and richly flavoured, separating freely nroi& tne 
stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent dessert plum, ripening about the middle 
of August. 

Mimms. See Diaprie Rouges 

MiBABELLE Petite (MirahcUe } MiraheUe BlanckeS 
Mirahelle Jaune : Mirabelle Ferle ; Mirabellede Vienne: 
WJdte Mirahelle), — ^Fruit produced in clusters, small* 
roundish-oval, and marked with a faint suture on one 
side. Skin of a fine yellow colour, sometimes marked 
with crimson spots on the side exposed to the sun, and 
covered with thin white bloom. Stalk three quarteia. 
of an inch long, inserted without depression. Flesh deep 
yellow, firm, pretty juicy, sweet, and briskly flavoured, 
separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A valuable little plum for preserving, and all culinary 
purposes. Eipe in the middle of August. The tree forms 
a handsome pyramid, and is a most aoundant bearer. 

Mirabelle Blanche. See Mirahelle Petite* 
Mirabelle Double. See Drop d'Or, 
Mirabelle Grosse. See Drap d'Or. 
Mirabelle Jaune. See Mirahelle Petite. 
Mirabelle d'Octobre. See Mirahelle Tarditfe. 
Mirabelle Perle. See Mirahelle Petite. 

MiBiBELLE Tabdive (Bricette ; Mirahelle d^Octohrei 
Petite Bricette). — Fruit small, roundish-oval, sometimes 
quite round, and marked with a distinct suture. Skin 
thin and tender, yellowish-white, dotted and speckled 
with red, and covered with thin white bloom. Stalk 
half an inch long, slender, inserted in a shallow and nar- 
row cavity. Flesh yellowish-white, firm, very juicy, 
with a brisk vinous flavour, and adhering partially to the 
stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent preserving and culinary plum. Eipe in 



FLUHS« 247- 

October. The tree forma a handsome pyramid, and is an 
excellent bearer. 

Mirabelle de Vienne. See Mirabelle Petite, 

Mirabelle Vert Doable. See Gr^en Gag^ 

Miser Plum. See Cherry. 

Miviam. See Soyale Hdtive, 

Mogul Eouge. See Bed Magnum Bonum. 

Monsieur. See Orleans. 

Monsieur a Fruits Jaune. See Yellow Orleans, 

Monsieur Hatif. See Barly Orleans. 

Monsieur H^tif de Montmorency. See JSarly Orleans, 

Monsieur Ordinaire. See Orleans. 

Monsieur Tardive. See Late Orleans. 

Monsieur Tardive. See Suisse. 

Monstrueuse de Bavay. See JReine Claude de Bavay. 

De Montfobt. — Pruit medium sized, roundish, in- 
clining to ovate, with a well-marked suture on one side. 
Skin dark purple, covered with a thin pale blue bloom. 
Stalk half an inch long, not deeply inserted. Flesh 
greenish-yellow, tender and melting, with a thick syrupy 
and honied juice, and when it hangs till it shrivels is 
quite a sweetmeat; separates from the stone, which is 
small. Shoots smooth. 

A delicious dessert plum. Eipe in the middle of August. 
It bears considerable resemblance to Hoyale Hative, but 
is larger, and appears to be an improved form of that 
variety. 

MoEocco (BlacJk Damask; Black Morocco ; Early Da- 
mask; Early Morocco). — Fruit medium sized, roundish, 
flattened at the apex, and marked on one side with a 
shallow suture. Skin very dark purple, almost black, 
and covered with thin pale blue bloom. Stalk stout, 
about half an inch long. Flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, 
with a sweet, brisk flavour, and slightly adhering to the 
stone. Shoots downy. 

An excellent early plum. Eipe in the beginning of 
August. 

Myrobalan. See Cherry. 

I^ECTABiNB (HowelVs Laa^ge ; Jenkins* Imperials 



iosteij tjrmed* skia ptirpLe, capered witk fine axna 
Iblooza. Sudk half «& mek Lotu^, stoat, iziseried m a vide 
end tKaHo-sr earUj. Hcsh doxl greensk-jeOov; widi. a 
fireet a3uibfmk£aroar,iepan£m|^fipaaitiiertaBe. Skoota 

A good plam for ^teserwrnf^ and other coliiisij par* 
posei. !Ripe ia the middle of Angnsi. This is miite 
djsuaei from the Gt^iiath, which is sometimes eiDed bj 
the same name. 

^nso9]^9 YlCTOBT {Kmtteffs LaU OrieaMs),—'FTmt 
mediom sized, roand, and marked with a shallow sutiire. 
Skin deep -purple, and oorered with blue Uoom. Stalk 
half an meh long, set in a shallow cafitj. Fleah fim, 
zathor eoarse, sweet and briskly flaronred, adhering to 
the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A culinary plam. Bipe in the middle oi Sepiembcr. 
The tree is a rerj abundant bearer. 

IS^ew Orleans. See JSarly Orleans, 

Koire HMire. See Pricoce de TaurM, 

CEuf Bouge. See JSed Magnum Bonum. 

Old Apricot. See Apricot. 

Oklekv^ {AnglaUe Noire ; Monsieur; Monsieur Ordi- 
naire; Truned Orleans; MedDamaslc), — Fruit medium 
sized, round, somewhat flattened at the ends, and marked 
with a suture, which is generally higher on one side than 
the other. Skin tender, dark red, becoming purple when 
highly ripened, and covered with blue bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a considerable 
depression. Flesh yellowish, tender, sweet, and briskly 
flavoured, separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A preserving and culinary plum. Bipe in the middle 
and end of August. 

PeUfker's Mammoth. See WasUngtoi^ 

Paterson's. See Gisbornes. 

PEAcn.—Fruit large, roundish, inclining to oblate, 
marked with a shallow suture on one side. Skin bright 
red, dotted with amber. Flesh tender, melting, juicy, 
very sweet and luscious, separating freely from the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

An early dessert plum. Bipe in the beginning of August. 
It is quite distinct from tke JN^ectarine Plum, which is 



FLTTM8. 249 

also known by this name ; and was introduced some years 
ago by Mr. Elvers, of Sawbridgewortli. 

Peach. See Nectarine. 

Perdrigon Blanc. See White Perdrigon 

Perdrigon Eouge. See Red Perdrigon* 

Perdrigon Violet. See Bltie Perdrigon, 

Pebdbigon Violet HItif. — Fruit medium sized, 
roundish-oval. Skin purple. Flesh rich, juicy, and 
excellent, separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A first-rate dessert plum. Bipe in the middle of 
August. The tree is very hardy, and an abundant 
bearer. This is not the same as Perdrigon H&tif and 
Moyeu de Bourgogne with which it is made synonymous 
in the Horticultural Society's Catalogue, both of these 
being yellow plums. 

Petite Bricette. See Mirabelle Tardive, 

Petite Damas Vert. See Yellow Gage, 

Pickett's July. See White Primordian. 

Pigeon's Heart. See Queen Mother, 

Pond's Purple. See Pond's Seedling. 

Pond's Seedling (Fonthill ; Pond's Purple). — Fruit 
very large, oval, widest at the apex and narrowing to- 
wards the stalk, marked with a wide suture. Skin fine 
dark red, thickly strewed with grey dots, and covered 
with thin bluish bloom. Stalk three quarters of an inch 
long, inserted without depression. Flesh yellowish, 
rayed with wbite, juicy, ana briskly flavoured, adhering 
to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A valuable culinary plum. Bipe in the beginning and 
middle of September. 

Pbecoce de Beegthold. — This is a small, roundish- 
oval plum of a yellow colour, similar in appearance to, 
but of better flavour than, White Primordian. The flesh 
is juicy and sweet, separating from the stone. Shoots 
downy. It is very early, ripening before the White 
Primordian in the latter end of July. 

Pbecoce de Toues (Damas de Tours; Noire SAtive ; 
Prune de Gaillon; Violette de Tours), — Fruit below 
medium size, oval, sometimes inclining to obovate, and 
marked with a shallow indistinct suture. Skin deep 



mmo^e, ahMii hhA^ tkirklr corcted wiA Use Uoob. 
BtaUr half an inch Iob|^, dmder, laaeited m a ^^°T "^^^ 
d^pmskm. Flait daH jeUaw, niker joicj wad sveet» 
with a pSeacant fiaronr, and adhrnng dooei j to the stooflL 
ffliooUdowBj. 

A feeo^-xmte de iacit phnB* but wril adapted fior 
eolinarj me. Sipemthebegiimiiigof Aogvrt^ 

Pkutck EsrcLSBzar. — Fndt rerr hvge, oral, and 
marked wHh a shalloir rature. Skin of a nnifbnn deep 
pinple, eorered with misnte mssetj dots, the whole 
thicldr eorered with pale grej bloom. Stalk half an 
ineh kmg, inierted in a rather deep carity. Fleak 
jellow, rather firm, sweet, jnicj, with a brisk and rid. 
fiaroor, and adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent plnm either for the dessert or for colinaiy 
purpose, and ** delicions when presenred." Sipe in Sep* 
tembcr. The tree is a great bearer. 

Pbisce of Wales (Chapman s Prince of Wales), — 
Fruit above medium size, roundish, incliniug to otsI, 
marked with a distinct suture. Skin bright punde* 
coTered with thick azure bloom, and dotted with yellow 
dots. Stalk short and stout, inserted in a slight carity. 
Flesh coarse-grained, yellowish, juicy, and sweet, with a 
brisk flaTOur, and separating from the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A dessert plum of second-rate quality, but suitable for 
all culinary purposes. Ripe in the beginning of Septem- 
ber. The tree is a very aoundant bearer. 

Prince's Imperial Gage. See Imperial Oage. 

Prune d'AUemagne. See Quetsche* 

Prune d'Ast. See d*Agen» 

Pbune Damson (Damascene; Long Damson; Skrop^ 
shire Damson), — The fruit of this yariety is much larger 
than that of the common Black Damson, and more fleshy. 
It is generally preferred for preservino^, and of all the 
other Damsons makes the best jam. The flesh adheres 
to tho stone. Shoots downy. 

The tree is not such a good bearer as the common 
Damson. Eipe in the middle of September. 

Prune de Gaillon. See Tricoce de Tours. 

Prune d'ltalie. See Italian Quetsche, 

Prone de Milan. See ImpMale de Milafu 



PLUM9. 2&1 

Fmne d'Orleaxuu See Orleans^ 

Prune P^che. See Nectarine* 

Prune PSche. See JPeach* 

Prune du BaL See d'ji^en. 

Purple "Egg, See Sed Magnum Bonwmw 

PuiiPLX Gagb (Seine Claude Violette; Violet Gage), 
-^Fmit medium, sized* round, slightly flattened at the 
ends, and marked with a shallovr suture. Skin fine 
light purple, dotted with yellow, and covered with pale 
blue oloom. Stalk an inch long, inserted in a small 
cavity. Plesh greenish-yellow, finn, with a rich, sugary, 
and most delicious flavour, and separating from the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plum of the greatest excellence, and particu- 
larly richly navoured if allowed to hang till it ahrivek. 
Sipe in the beginning of September. 

Queen Claudia^ See Green Gage. 

Queen Motheb (Fiaeon*s Heart), — Fmit below 
medium size, round, and marked with a slight suture. 
Skin dark red next the sun, but paler towards the shaded 
side, where it is yellow, and covered all over with red- 
dish dots. Stalk half an inch long, inserted in a small 
depression. Flesh yellow, rich, and sugary, separating 
from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plum. Eipe in September. 

QuETscHE (Tlarly Russian; German Prune; Chrman 
Quetsche; Leipzig; Prune d^Allemagne ; Sweet Prune;: 
Turkish Quetsche; Zwetsehe), — Fruit medium sized, oval^ 
narrowing towards the stalk, flattened on one side, where 
it is marked with a distinct suture. Skin dark purple^ 
dotted with grey dots and veins of russet, and covered 
with blue bloom. Stalk an inch long. Flesh firm, juicy, 
sweet, and brisk, separating from the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A culinary plum. Eipe in the end of September. 

Quetsche d*Italie. See Italian Quetsche. 
Bed Damask. See Orleans. 
Bed Diaper. See Diapree Bouge, 
Bed Fotheringham. See Fotheringham, 
Bed ImperiaL See Ited Magnum Ponum, 




Jlxj, ItjkUS'iJC 3c9nm iAsisat'M fierpk ^ggs 
A^Aari TiaHgtiii T^krvttnt ^ Zmtgnr-iuk - Immmuie Mamgm; 

TwffBriak: FMcSfe ^ JKJmwT Jlsmpt g 4Saf^MatqK: ^ -P *~ 

M^v; lUsi Mm i Mad ImffBT^a! .. — finm JBS&, -nd 

tEOiss masEStg aocr sificr of -viadL x ^sgnfBislr lo^iBr 
dis;{)d«e. Sol dsc^ 3«2 -iFiiffT^ £i3iDBHi if "d^ 
foScTA *»« i&ai^; BSvirfd ^irm cny .dott^ jDifl 

A ^qelliarf pans, ''^"•p*' ^ ^'^* ^ *^ " """" "'*j **^ **^^*^It 

ggmwtidb ''/riL Skim £ae deep led, nsfced viik 
ecAcKored dou, and ikcu&j ee/rered viik pale Use 
Stalk Jot iadi Istk^ stoin, imoted ia a roaid cxiitj-. 
Yitdi dear jdknr, firs, licii, jaier, aad s«gaiy, asd 
aeparaliiig Iran 1^ atone. Shoots ^iarvnr. 

A deafert plom. B^ ia Ike middk aad end of Scp- 
ieiBber* 

Seina Xora. See .BelZr d^ Sepiembre, 

Betse Claude. See Gn^ii Gage, 

Bsijri Cl^rpi de Batat {McmHruemem ie .Bacww).— > 
Fmii large, ronndiah, and flattened at both enda. 8km 
i;reenish-jrelloir, mottled and atreaked with green, and 
eoiwered with a delicate white bloom. Stalk half an inch 
long* inaerted in a amall earitj. Fleah jeUow, tender, 
melting, and rerj joicj, with a rich, augaiy flaronr, and 
BepAniinff from the atone. Shoota smooth. 

A finUraie deaaert plnm of exquiaite flayour. Bipe in, 
the end of September and beginning of October. 

Beine Claude Diaphane. See Transparent Gage. 

Beine Claude Grosse. See Green Gage, 

Beine Claude d'Octobre. See Late Green Gage. 

Beine Claude Petite. See Yellow Gage, 

Bbiitb Cliudb BouaE (Beine Claude Bouge Van Mane). 
—Fruit rery large, rounoish-oyal. Skin reddish-purple, 
dotted with yellow russet dots, and covered with Terr 
thick bluish-white bloom. Stalk thick, about an inch 
long, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh tender, juioy, 



PLUHS. 253 

iugary, and deliciously flavoiired, and separating from 
the stone. Shoots downy. 

An excellent dessert plum. Bipe in the end of August 
and beginning of September. 

Eeine Claude Tardive. See Late Green Gage* 

B;eine Claude Violette. See Purple Gage. 

Eensselaer Green Gage. See Green Guge* 

Eobe de Sargent. See d'Agen. 

Koche Corbon. See Diaprde Itouge, 

Eoe's Autumn Gage. See Autumn Gage. 

Eotherham. See Winesour. 

Bound Damson. See Damson. 

EoYAL Dauphinb. — Emit large, oral. Skin pale red 
on the shaded side, marked with green specks, but darker 
red next the sun ; mottled with darker and lighter shades, 
and covered with violet bloom. Stalk an inch long, stout. 
Flesh greenish-yellow, sweet, and subacid, separating 
from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A culinary plum. Eipe in the beginning of September. 

Eoyal. See Royale* 
Eoyal Eed. See Boyale. 

EoYALB (Royal; Royal Red; Sir Charles Worsley's). 
— ^Fruit rather above medium size, round, narrowing a 
little towards the stalk, marked with a distinct suture. 
Skin light purple, strewed with fawn-coloured dots, and 
covered with thick pale blue bloom. Stalk about an inch 
long, stout, and inserted in a small cavitjr. Flesh yel- 
lowish, firm, melting, and juicy, with a rich, delicious 
flavour, and separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A dessert plum of flrst-rate quality. Eipe in the middlo 
of August. 

EoYALE Hativb {Early Royal; Miviam). — Fruit 
medium sized, roundish, narrowing towards the apex. 
Skin light purple, strewed with fawn-coloured dots, and 
covered with blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long, stout, 
and inserted without depression. Flesh yellow, juicy 
and melting, with an exceedingly rich and delicious 
flavour, and separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A first-rate dessert plum. Eipe in the beginning and 
middle of August. 



wfE TorBSu — Fnas isse; sbhm4» KitBBBd at 
iiMt »ex. a&d nsr^ad ttIlL £ .^mjmm^ mmtmwim San ligkfe 
pvpK, sowed villi saaZ TeLov dots, aad ennraed, vith 
tikiek blue blocnn. S'jOl line q— im» cf am iad long^ 
ixusenad ia a ca&aH carirr . Pleflizieesiih-jdkyT^muier, 
Tfxj JTilfT, azid xidblj flaro'sre^ acpirarrng £pom the 

CtDCe. SiiOOtB dovsT. 

An exoeajoit pioai ^dser for die desert or for pre- 
ferrlcg. Sipe in tke xsidile cf August. 

St. Bamabe. See Wiii? PrinnfrdiuM, 

Si. Cathxsutk. — Fruit medium sized, oboraie, taper* 
Log toirardB the ftalk, and marked vith a satnre wnieh 
is deepest at the Etalk. Skin pale jelloir, dotted with 
jtf^ and corered with pale bloom. Stalk three qaarters 
of an inch long, slender, and inserted in a narrow carity 
Plefih jellow, tender and melting, rich, eugary, and 
biisklj flaToared, adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert and preserring plum. Sipe in tiie middlA 
of September* 

St. Cloud. See Goliaii. 

St. EriEKyE. — ^Fmit medium sized, roundish-oral, fre- 
quently somewhat heart-shaped. Skin thin, greenish- 
yellow, strewed with red dots and flakes, and sometimes 
with a red blush on the side next the sun. Stalk half an 
inch long, inserted in a narrow cavity. Flesh yellow, 
tender, melting and juicy, rich and delicious, separating 
from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A first-rate dessert plum. !Eipe in the beginning and 
middle of August. 

St. Martin. See Coes Late Bed. 

St. Martin Houge. See Co€*s Late Ited. 

St. Mabtin's Quetbche. — Fruit medium sized, ovate, 
or rather heart-shaped. Skin pale yellcw, covered with 
white bloom. Flesh yellowish, sweet, and weU-flavonred, 
separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. . 

A very late plum. Eipe in the middle of October. 

St. Maurin. See d'Agen. 

Sans Noyau. See Stoneless. 

Schuyler Gage. See Green Gage, 

Semiana. See Italian Quetsche. 

Shailer's White Damson. See WIdte Damsoiu 



TLTJUS. 265 

Sharp's Emperor. See Victoria. 
Sheen. See Fotheringham. 
Sliropsliire Damson. See Prune Damson. 
Sir Charles Worsley's. See Boy ale. 

Smith's Obleans. — Fruit large, oval, or roundisli-oval, 
widest towards the stalk, and marked with a deep suture. 
Skin reddish-purple, strewed with yellow dots, ana covered 
with thick blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long, slender, 
inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh deep yellow, firm, 
juicy, richly briskly flavoured, and perfumed, adhering 
to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent plum. Ripe in the end of August. 

Standabd of England. — Eruit above medium size, 
obovate, and marked with a shallow suture. Skin pale 
red, strewed with yellow dots, and covered with thin 
bloom. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, inserted in 
a small cavity. Skin rather firm, juicy, and briskly 
flavoured, separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A culinary plum. Hipe in the beginning of September. 

Steer's Emperor. See Goliath, 

Stoneless (Kirkes Stoneless; Sans Noyau). — Eruit 
small, oval. Skin dark purple, or rather black, covered 
with blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long. Elesh greenish- 
yellow, at first harsh and acid, but when highly ripened 
and when it begins to shrivel it is mellow and agreeable. 
The kernel is not surrounded bjr any bony deposit. 
Shoots downy. Eipe in the beginning of September. 

Sucrin Yert. See Oreen Gage, 

Suisse {Monsieur Ta7*dive ; Switzer's Plum), — ^Fruit 
medium sized, round, slightly depressed at the apex, and 
marked with a very shallow suture. Skin of a fine dark 
purple next the sun, but paler on the shaded side, strewed 
with yellow dots, and covered with blue bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a rather wide 
cavity. Elesh greenish-yellow. Juicy and melting, with 
a rich, brisk flavour, and adhering to the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A preserving plum. Eipe in the beginning of October. 

Sweet Prune. See Quetsche. 

Switzer's Plum. See Suisse. 

Takdtve de Chalons. — Eruit rather small, round, 
inclining to oval, and marked with a well-defined suture. 



256 PLTTH8. 

Skin brownish-red, thinly strewed with minute dots. 
Stalk three quarters of an inch long. Flesh, firm, tender, 
sweet, and well flavoured, separating with difficulty from 
the stone. Shoots downy. 
A dessert or preserring plum. Kipe in October. 

Topaz {Guthrie s Topaz), — Fruit medium sized, oval, 
narrowing at the stalk, and marked with a distinct 
suture. Skin fine clear yellow, covered with thin bloom. 
Stalk an inch long, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh 
yellow, juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured, adhering to 
the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plum, ripening^ in the middle and end of 
September, and hanging till it shrivels. 

Tbansparent Gage (Prune Transparente ; Reine 
Claude Diaphane), — Fruit rather larger than the Green 
Gage, roundish-oval, marked with a shallow suture. 
Skin thin and so transparent as to show the texture of 
the flesh, and also the stone when the fruit is held up 
between the eye and the light ; pale yellow, dotted and 
marbled with ced. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, 
thin, and inserted in a shallow cavity. Flesh yellow, 
rather firm and transparent, very juicy, and with a rich 
honied sweetness, separating with difficulty from the 
stone. Shoots smooth. 

A most delicious dessert plum. Eipe in the beginning 
of September. 

Trompe Gar^on. See Green Gage, 
Trompe Valet. See Gfreen Gage. 
Turkish Quetsche. See Quetscke* 
Verdacia. See Green Gage, 
Verdochio. See Green Gage, 
Verte Bonne. See Green Gage, 
Verte Tiquet^e. See Gfreen Gage, 

ViCTOBiA (Alderton ; Denyer's Victoria ; Sharp's 
Emperor). — Fruit large, roundish-oval, marked with a 
shallow suture. Skin bright red on the side next the 
sun, but pale red on the shaded side, and covered with 
thin bloom. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, stout. 
Flesh yellow, very juicy, sweet, and pleasantly flavoured, 
separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A culinary plum. Bipe in the beginning and middle 
of September* 



YtoLEi Dakllsk {Damas Violei). — Fruit medium 
sized, oval, narrowing towards the stalk, and slightly 
flattened on one side. Skin reddish-purple, covered with 
delicate blue bloom. Stalk half an inch long. Flesh 
yellow, firm, sweet, and briskly flayoured, separating from 
the stone. Shoots downy. 

A dessert or preserving plum. Eipe in the end of August.^ 

Violet Gage. See Purple Gage. 
Violet Perdrigon. See Blue Perdrigon. 
Violette de Tours. See PrScoce de Toure. 
Virginian Cherry. See Cherry, 

Washington (Bolmar ; Bolmar*s Washington; Prank- 
lin; Irving* 8 Bolmar ; Parker* s Mammoth), — Fruit 
large, roundish-oyate, with a faint suture on one side. 
Skin of a fine deep yellow, marked with crimson dots, 
and covered with grey bloom. Stalk three quarters of 
an inch long, inserted in a wide and shallow cavity. 
Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, and pleasantly flavoured, 
separating from the stone. Shoots downy. 

A handsome plum, suitable for the dessert, but better 
adapted for preserving. Eipe in the middle of September. 

Wentworth. See White Magnum Bonum, 

White Bullace (Bullace). — Fruit small, round. Skin 
pale yellowish-white, mottled with red on the side next 
the sun. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, and subacid, adhering 
to the stone. Shoots downy. 

A culinary plum. Kipe m October. 

White Damase {Damas Blanc ; Dama» Blanc Oroi; 
Damas Blanc Hdtif Qros), — Fruit rather below medium 
size, roundish, inclining to oval, and swollen on one side 
of the suture. Skin greenish-yellow, covered with white 
bloom. Stalk half an inch long, stout. Flesh sweet, 
pleasantly flavoured, and separating irom the stone. 
Shoots smooth. 

A culinary plum. Bipe in the beginning of September. 

White Damsok {8hailer*s White Ddmson), — Fruit 
small, oval. Skin pale yellow, covered with thin white 
bloom. Stalk half an inch long, slender. Flesh yellow, 
sweet, and agreeably acid, adhering to the stone. Shoots 
downy. 

A culinary plum. Eipe in the middle and end of Sep^^ 
tember. 

8 



258 PLUMS. 

White Imp£bateic» (ImpiraMce Blanche). — F^iifc 
medium sized, oval. Skin bright yellow, covered witJi 
yerj thin bloom. Stalk half an inch long, inserted in a 
narrow cavi^. Flesh firm and transparent, juicy, sweet, 
and separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plam, requiring a wall, and ripening in the 
beginning and middle of September. 

White Magnum Bonum (Asketo'g Golden Egg; Bonum 
Magnum ; Dame Aulert ; Dame Auhert Blanche ;. £gg 
Plum; Grosse Luisante ; ImpMale Blanche; WJuie 
Mogul; Yellow Magnum Bonum), — Fruit of the largest 
size, oval, with a rather deep suture extending the whole 
length of one side. Skin deep yellow, covered with thin 
white bloom. Stalk an inch long, inserted without de* 
pression. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse-grained, with a brisk 
subacid flavour, and adhering to the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A culinary plum, highly esteemed for preserving. Bipe 
in the beginning of September. 

White Mirabelle. See Mirahelle Petite. 

White MoguL See White Magnum Bonum. 

Write 'PEUDRiQOif (Brignole ; Maitre Claude; T^er^ 
dngon Blanc). — Fruit medium sized, oval, narrowing 
towards the stalk, with a faint suture on one side. Skin 
^ale yellow, strewed with white dots, and marked with a 
iew red spots next the sun. Stalk three quarters of an 
inch long, slender, inserted in a small cavity. Flesh 
tender, juicy, rich, and slightly perfumed^ separating 
from the stone. Shoots dowuy. 

An excellent plum for drying and preserving. Kipe in 
the end of August. 

White Pbimoedian (Amher PHmordian ; Avant 
Prune Blanche ; D'Avoine; De Catalogne ; Catalonian;' 
Cerisette Blanche ; Early Yellow ; Jaune de Catalogne ; 
London Plum; Pickett s July; St. Bamahe). — Fnat 
small, oval, narrowing towards the stalk, marked with a 
shallow suture. Skin pale yellow, covered with thin 
white bloom. Stalk half an inch long, very slender, 
inserted in a small cavity. Flesh yellow, tender, sweet* 
and pleasantly fiavoured, separating from the 8tOB«. 
Shoots downy. 

A very early plum, but of little merit. Ripe In the 
end of July. 



PIVMS. 259 

Wilmot'i Early Orleans. See JEarly Orleans. 
Wilmot*B Green Gage. See Green Gage, 
Wilmot*B Late Orleans. See Goliath. 
Wilmot's Orleans. See Earlif Orleans. 

"WiNBSOTJB (Boiherham). — Fruit below medium sice, 
oral. Skin dark purple, covered with darker purple 
specks. Stalk half an mch long. Flesh greenish-yellow, 
agreeably acid, and having red veins near the stone, to 
which it adheres. Shoots downy. 

A very valuable preserving plum. Eipe in the middle 
of September. 

WooLSTON Black Gage.— -Fruit about medium size, 
round, and marked with a shallow suture. Skin deep 
purple, almost black, strewed with small dots, and covered 
with blue bloom. Flesh melting, juicy, sugary, and rich, 
separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

A dessert plum of excellent quality. Bipe in the be* 
gmning of September. 

Yellow Apricot. See Apricot 

Yellow Gage (Gonne's Cheen Gage; Little Queen 
Claude; Seine Claude Petite; Petit Damas Vert; 
White Gage). — Fruit below medium size, round, and 
marked with a shallow suture. Skin greenish-yellow, 
thickly covered with white bloom. Stalk half an inch 
long, mserted in a pretty deep cavity. Flesh yellowish- 
white, firm, rather coarse-grained, but sweet and plea- 
santly flavoured, separating from the stone. Shoots 
smooth. 

A dessert plum of second-rate quality. Bipe in the 
beginning and middle of September. 

Yellow Impebatbice (Altesse Blanche ; Monsieur a 
Fruits Jaune), — Fruit large, roundish-pval, marked with 
a suture, which is deep at the apex and becomes shallow 
towards the stalk. Skin deep golden yellow, with a few 
streaks of red about the stalk, which is half an inch long. 
Flesh yellow, juicy and melting, sugary and richly 
flavoured, and adhering to the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent dfessert plum. Bipe in the middle of 
August. 

Yfcllow Magnum Bonum. See White Magnum Bonum. 

Yellow Perdrigon. See Drajp d*Or, 

Zwetsche. See Quetsche. 



LI5T3 OF SELECT TLTHl^ 




BeVootfiirt 

Perdngoa TiokH Hktf Coc's Goldm Drop 



GrcoiGi^ Bcane dnide de 

Hillings' aop0b CkKipa'i Luge 

ForpU Gage Late Oclnns 

Tmuparent Gi^B Coe't JmU Bed 

IL fOB OOOKDra 

TUarijTTohAe Tlctoria 

Earlj OHeaiif Diamond 

Giabome's Antmnn CompMa 

Goliath BeDe de Septo^bcp 
Prince of Walef 

nL FOB PBESERTDTO. 

Green Gage Winesonr 

White Magnum Boniun Damson 

Diamond Autumn CompMa 
Wathiogton 

If. FOB WALLS. 

July Green Gafs Italian Quetsche 

De Montfort Coe*s Golden Drop 

Cbeen Gage Blue Imp^ratrioe 

Purple Gage lokworth Imp^ratrioe 

V. FOB OBCHiLBDS AND MABKETINO. . 

Early Proliflo Yiotoria 

Xarly Orlcnna Pond's Seedling 

QisDomt'a Damson 

Orleans Coe's Late Bed 
Prinoo of Wales 



861 



RASPBERRIES. 

SYNOPSIS OF EA8FBBBE1E5. 

I. SUHMSB BBABXBS. 

1. IkttU Black, 
Blaok Black Cap 

%.FrvitMed, 

Bamet NorthumberlandFinbaaket 

Carter's Prolific Prince of Wales 

Comwell*s Yictorn Bed Antwerp 

Oushing Bound Antwerp 

Faatolf Yice-President French 

Franconia Walker's Dakis 
Knevett's CKant 

8. Wtfvit TeUow, 

Brinckle's Orange Sweet Yellow Antwerp 

Magnum Bonum Yellow Antwerp 

XI. AX7TTTMNAL BBJLBEBS. 

1. 1}rttH Black. 

Autumn Black Ohio Ererhearing 

Kew Bochellfi 

%IiruiiBed. 
Btile de Fontenaj October Bed 

Large Monthly Bogers' Yiotoria 

8. Fruit Yellow. 
October Yellow 



A Gh*08 Frnits Eonges. See JBed Antwerp, 

Ameriean Black. See Blach Cap, 

D'Anvers a Fruits Bonds. See Bound Antwerp, 

AuTTJMK Black.— This is a variety raised by Mr. Eiyers 
from the new race of Black Baspberries which he has for 



262 BASPBXBBIES. 

some years been experimenting upon. These Blaclc Sasp« 
berries are eridentiy the result of a cross between the 
Blackbern^ and the Baspberrv, possessing the rambling 
growth of the former with the large succulent fruit of 
the latter. The Autumn Black produces from its summer 
shoots a full crop of medium-sized dark fruit of the 
colour of the Blackberry, and partaking much of its 
flavour. Bipe in October. 

Babnbt (Bamet Cane; CornioelVs Prolific ; ComwelVi 
Seedling; Large Beds Lord ExmoutKs), — The fruit is 
larpe, roundish-ovate, of a bright purplish-red colour 
This is larger than the Bed Antwerp, but not equal to it 
in flavour ; it is, nevertheless, an excellent variety, and 
an abundant summer bearer. 

Barnet Cane. See Bamet. 

Belle de Fontenay (Belle d* Orleans). — ^An autumn- 
bearing variety of dwarf-habit, and with large leaves, 
quite silvery on their under surface. The fruit is large, 
round, of a red colour, and good flavour. Bipe in 
October. 

The plant is a shy bearer, and throws up suckers so 
profusely as to be almost a weed; but if the suckers are 
thinned out it bears better. 

Belle d'Orleans. See Belle de Fontenay. 

Black. — This is a hybrid between the Blackberry and 
the Baspberry, and is the parent of all the black autumn- 
bearing varieties ; although itself a summer-bearer. It 
has long dark-coloured canes, and small purple fruit, with 
much of the Blackberrjr flavour. This variety was ob- 
tained at Wethersfield, in Essex, upwards of torij years 
ago, and has since been cultivated by Mr. Bivers, who 
has succeeded in obtaining from it his new race of autumn- 
bearing black varieties. 

Black Cap (American Black). — This is the Rubns 
occidentalis, called Black Baspberry, or Thimbleberry, 
by the Americans. The fruit has a flne brisk acid flavour, 
and is much used in America for pies and puddings. It 
ripens later than the other summer-bearing varieties. 

Beincklb's Obange (Orange). — ^A variety introduced 
from America, where it is considered the finest yellow 
sort in cultivation. In this country it is smaller than 
the Yellow Antwerp, and more acid. The plants throw 
up an abundance of suckers. It is a summer bearer. 



BA8PBXBBIX8. 2S3 

Burley. See Bed Antwerp. 

Cabtbb's Pbolific. — Fruit large and round, of a deep 
red colour, with a firm flesli of excellent flayour. A 
aummer-bearing variety. 

De Chili. See Yellow Antwerp. 

Cornwell's Prolific. See Bamet. 

Cornweirs Seedling. See Bamet. 

CoBNWELL*8 ViCTOBiA. — The fruit of this variety is 
large, and of fine flavour, but its drupes adhere so closely 
to the core as to crumble ofi* in gathering. A summer 
bearer. 

CusHiNa. — Fruit large, roundish, inclining to conical, 
of a bright crimson colour, and with a briskly-acid 
flavour. A summer bearer. 

Cutbush's Prince of Wales. See Prince of Wales. 

Double-Bearing Yellow. See Yellow Antwerp, 

Fastolf (^t7i^).—Fruit large, roundish-conical, bright 
purplish red, and of excellent flavour. A summer bearer. 

Filby. See Fastolf. 

Fkanconia. — Fruit large, obtuse-conical, of a dark 
purplish-red colour, and good flavour, briskly acid. A 
summer bearer. 

French. See Vice-President French. 
Howland*s Eed Antwerp. See Ped Antwerp. 
Knevett's Antwerp. See Ped Antwerp. 

Knevett*8 Giant. — Fruit large, obtuse-conical, deep 
red, and of good flavour. A summer bearer. 

Labgb Monthly (Large-fruited Monthly; Pivers' 
Monthly; do Tons le Mois a GrosFruits Pouges). — This 
is a most abundant bearing autumnal variety, producing 
fruit above the medium size, roundish-conical, of a crim- 
son colour, and of excellent flavour. 

Large Red. See Bamet. 

Late-bearing Antwerp. See Ped Antwerp, 

Lawton. See New Pochelle. 

Lord Exmouth's. See Bamet. 

Magnum Bonum. — A yellow summer-bearing variety, 
inferior in size and flavour to Yellow Antwerp. The 



284 BASPBUBIBS. 

fndt is of a pale yellow colour with firm flesh. The plants 
like Brinckle's Orange and Belle de Fontenay, becomes a 
perfect weed from the profusion of suckers it throws up. 

Merreille de Quatre Saisons Jaune. See October 
Yellow, 

Merveille de Quatre Saisons Bouge. Bee October Bed- 

New Bochsllb (Lawton; Seaeor*s Mammoth), — An 
American autumn-bearing variety, having the rambling 
habit of growth of the common Bramble. It produces 
fruit in great abundance of a large oval shape, and a deep 
black colour, very juicy, and agreeably flavoured. 

This has not been simciently proved in this country to 
admit of a correct estimate bemg formed of its merits. 

NoBTHUHBBBLAND FiLLBASKBT. — Frolt rather large, 
roundish, inclining to conical, of a deep red colour, and 
good flavour. The plant is a strong vigorous grower* and 
an abundant summer bearer. 

OcTOBBB Bed (Merveille de Quatre Saisons Souffe.) — 
The fruit of this variety ]^roduced from the old canes 
left in spring is small and inferior ; but the suckers put 
forth in June furnish an abundant crop of large-sized 
bright red fruit, which commences to ripen in September 
and continuing far into November, if Ihe autumn be dry 
and mild. 

OcTOBEB Yellow {Merveille de Quatre Saisons Jaune). 
— ^This possesses the same qualities as the preceding, and 
is distinguished from it by the fruit being yellow. It is 
not quite so large as the Yellow Antwerp, and in a fine 
season is sweet and agreeable. 

Ohio EvBBBBABiira.— This is an American variety, 
similar in all respects to Black Cap, with this exception 
that it is an autumnal-bearing variety, and produces 
abundant crops of fruit late in the season. 

Orange. See Brinckle*s Orange, 

Pbincb op Wales ( Cutbusk*s Prince of TFfltfo»).~Fni5t 
large, roundish, inclining to conical, of a deep crimson 
colour, and with a brisk, agreeable flavour. This is a 
summer-bearing variety, remarkable for its strong pale- 
coloured canes, which in rich soils grow from ten to 
twelve feet in one season. It does not sucker too much, 
and is very desirable on that account. 

Bbp Antwebf (Burleys h Oros Fruits Mouses; Souh, 



BJL8FBBSBIE8. 265 

land* 9 Red Antwerp ; Knevetfs Antwerp ; Late Bearing 
Antwerp). — ^Fruit large, romidisli, inolinin^ to conical, of 
a deep crimson colour, very fleshy, and with a fine brisjk 
flavour and fine bouquet. There are seyeral forms of this 
variety difiering more or less from each other both in the 
fruit and the canes* The true old Bed Antwerp produces 
vigorous canes, which are almost smooth. 

Elvers' Monthly. See Large Monthly, 

EoOBBs' VicTOBiA {Victoria), — This is an autumnal- 
bearing variety, producing rather large, dark-red fruit of 
excellent flavour, and earber than the October Bed. The 
plant is of a dwarf and rather delicate habit, and the 
oanes are dark coloured. 

Bound Antwbbp {d'Anvers h Fruits Sonde). ^^'Frmt 
large and round, of a deep red colour, and much superior 
in flavour to the Old Bea Antwerp. 

Seacor's Mammoth. See New Bochelle, 

SwEBT Yellow J^twbep. — The fruit of this variety 
is larger and more orange than the Yellow Antwerp, and 
is the richest and sweetest of all the varieties. The canes 
are remarkably slender, and with few spines. 

Viob-Pebsidbnt Febwoh (French), — Fruit large, 
roundish, inclining to conical, of a deep red colour, flesny 
and juicy, and wiui an excellent flavour. It is a summer 
bearer, producing very strong canes of a bright brown 
colour. 

Victoria. See Sogers' Victoria. 

Walkee's puLCis. — ^A summer-bearing variety, pro* 
ducing red fruit inferior in size to the Antwerp, and not 
sweet, as the name implies. 

White Antwerp. See Yellow Antwerp, 

Yellow Antweep (De Chili; Double-bearing Yellow f 
White Antwerp). — Fruit large, conical, of a pale yellow 
colour, and with a fine, mild,. sweet flavour. It produces 
pale-coloured spiny canes. 



LIST OF SELECT BASPBEBBIES. 

Autumn Black October Yellow 

Carter's Prolific Rogers' Victoria 

Fastolf Bound Antwerp 

October Red Sweet Yellow Antwerp 



urn 



STRAWBERRIES. 

Aberdeen Seedling. See Boselerry, 

Adaib. — Fruit medium sized, roundish-ovate, even and 
regular in its shape. Skin of a uniform dark red colour. 
Seeds not deeply embedded. Flesh deep red throughout, 
rather soft and woolly, hollow at the core, not richly 
flavoured. 

Admibal Dundas. — Fruit very large, roundish, in- 
clining to conical, irregular and angular, sometimes cocks- 
comb shaped ; the smaller fruit conical. Skin pale scarlet. 
Flesh firm, juicy, brisk, and highly flavoured. 

This is the best of all the very large strawberries, and 
was raised by Mr. Myatt. 

Ajax. — Fruit large, irregularly-roundish, very deeply 
furrowed. Seeds deeply embedded, with prominent ridges 
between them, which give the surface a coarse appear- 
ance. Skin dull brict-red. Flesh deep red, and solid 
throughout, juicy, briskly flavoured, and tolerably rich. 

The plant is of a luxuriant habit, and bears badly in 
the open ground ; but when grown in pots it produces an 
abundance of fruit, and is a good forcer. 

Alice Maude. See Princess Alice Maude, 

Belle Bordelaise. Somewhat similar to Trolific Jffaui' 
hois. 

BicTON Pine. — Fruit large, roundish and even in its 
outline. Skin pale yellowish-white, sometimes faintly 
tinged with red next the sun. Flesh tender and soft^ 
juicy, brisk, and with a pine flavour. 

Black Pine. See Old Pine, 

Black Pbince (CuthilVs Black Prince), — Fruit small, 
obovate. Skin glossy, of a dark red colour, which, when 
the fruit is highly ripened, becomes almost black. Seeds 
rather prominent. Flesh deep orange, brisk, rather 
rich, and with a little of the pine flavour. 

A very early strawberry, a great bearer, and well 
adapted for forcing. 



STBAWBEBBISS* 267 

Bbitish Queen (Myatfs British Queen), — ^l?vuit large, 
sometimes very large, roundish, flattened, and cockscomb 
shaped, the smaller fruit ovate or conical. Skin pale red, 
colouring unequally, being frequently white or greenish - 
Trhite at the apex. Flesh white, firm, juicy, and with a 
remarkably rich and exquisite flavour. 

The great fault of this variety is that the plant is so 
very tender ; it will not succeed in all soils and situations, 
and it is generally an indiflorent bearer. 

Captain Cook. — Fruit large, roundish-ovate, and irre- 
gular. Skin deep scarlet, and frequently greenish at the 
point. Flesh pale scarlet, solid throughout, juicy and 
richly flavourea, but not of first-rate quadity. 

Carolina. See Old Pine, 

Cabolina Supebba. — Fruit very large, ovate, some- 
times inclining to cockscomb shape, with an even surface. 
Seeds not deeply embedded. Skin pale red, extending 
equally over the whole fruit. Flesh clear white, very 
firm and solid, with a fine vinous flavour and rich aroma, 
equalling the British Queen. 

The plant is much hardier, a freer grower, and better 
bearer than British Queen. 

CoMTE DE Pabis. — Fruit large, obtuse-heartshaped, 
even in its outline. Skin scarlet, becoming deep crimson 
when highly ripened. Flesh pale red, and solid through- 
out, with a briskly acid flavour. 

This is a favourite with those who prefer a brisk fruit ; 
and it is an excellent bearer. 

Cbimson Queen (I>ouhledajf s No, 2). — Fruit large, 
cockscomb shape, very much corrugated and irregular, 
with a coarse surface. Skin bright cherry-scarlet. 
Flesh red throughout, solid, and firm, with a briskly 
acid flavour. 

This is a late variety, and a great bearer. 

Cuthill*8 Black Prince. See Blach Prince, 

Cuthill's Pbince op Wales. — Fruit medium sized, 
conical. Skin bright red. Flesh firm, very acid^ and 
without much flavour. 

Cuthiirs Princess Eoyal. See Princess Royal of 
England, 

Deptfobd Pinb. — Fruit large, and cockscomb shaped, 
the smaller fruit conical. Skin bright scarlet, glossy as 



if ranoAed^ aad evoi. Fledi aeniet, fiim. wad soGd 
Aroo^oQi, witk a zidi tiboiii llsrovr, nmOar to BriliA 
Qoeeiif widi a liftde moi« acid. 

A TaloaMe fini-flalied, Id^Ij-flsviMred siovlMtfur. 
Sxeellmt for lataei i ing , 

BoimtoB. See l>9m<Mi P£ae. 

Domrroir Pnn (2>!wa<ni). — Fndt mediini sised* 
eoniea], with an eren Bmiace. Sldn deep 8eu4et. Seeda 
embedded. Fledi seailet, fiiBi, aad sdid throogfaopt, 
bnsklj and rielil j flaromed. 

Boobledaj'g No. S. See Orimmm Q^teeu. 

PrcHESSB DE TminsmiMargmiMe de la TomrMambomrg; 
Vieomtes$e Hiriearl de Thury). — ^Fmit abore medtmn 
aize, eonieal, whh an eren ssrfaee. Skin deep scadet, 
beeoming deep red aa it ripeiis. Seeds yellow, sligktiT 
embedded, flesh pale Te^ tiiroii^ioiit, firm and wdid, 
brisk, sweet, and richly flaroored. 

This is an extraordinaiily abundant bearer, anda Tafai- 
able Tariety for general enltiration. 

Elsasos (Myatfs JEUawor). — ^Froit Tery large, eonical 
or wedge-shaped, regular and handsome in its outline. 
Seeds considmbly embedded, with prominent ridges be- 
tween them, which |^e the firuit a coarse appearance 
on the surface. Skin scarlet, changing as it ripais to 
deep crimson. Flesh scarlet, and becoming paler to- 
waras the core, which is large and hollow ; subacid, u&d 
with a little of tlie pine flarour. 

A large and hanosome strawberry, but not po o s caa ing 
any other merit. 

Eliza. See Mgat^i Eliza. 

Elton (Elton Pine), — ^Fruit large, orate, frequent^ 
cockscomb shaped, with embedded seeds, and prominent 
ridges between them. Skin bric^ht crimson, and shining. 
Flesh red throughout, firm and solid, with a brisk suC- 
acid flavour. 

A yaluable late yariety, and an excellent bearer. 

Elton Fine. See ElUm. 

Emfbess Euoivn. — Fruit very large, irregular, an^ 
gular, farrowed, and uneven. Skin of a deep red 
eolour, becoming almost black when highly ripened. 
Seeds small, not deeply embedded. Flesh red through- 



BTBAWBSEAUS. 2d9 

out, Lollow at the core, tender, Ynj juu^, and briskly 
flavoured. 

Bather a coarse-looking and very large strawb^iryi 
not remarkable for any excellency of flayour. 

Exhibition. See Or§ai Exhibition. 

FxLBEBT PiNB (Myoifs 8eedlinff).--FTmt above medinis 
size, conical and regular in its outline. Seeds large and 
prominent. Skin dull purplish-red next the sun and pale 
red in the shade. Flesh pale, pink at the core, firm, solid, 
rich, and briskly flayoured, with a fine aroma. 

A very prolific and excellent late variety. 

EiLLBASKBT. — Fruit rather large, roundish, sometimefl 
flattened on the sides. Skin dark red. Flesh pale red 
throughout, very acid, and without much flavour. 

Goliath. See Kitley's GroUath. 

Gbbat Exhibition (Exhibition), — ^Fruit medium eitedf 
oblong, ovate, or irregular. Seeds prominent. Skin 
bright red. Flesh dull yellow, very woolly and worthless. 

The plant is a great bearer, but otherwise not worth 
growing. 

Highland Chief.— -Fruit large, roundish-ovate, and 
somewhat flattened. Seeds not deeply embedded. Skin 
fine, clear red, becoming darker red as it ripens. Flesh 
dark red throughout, very firm and solid, very juicy and 
vinous, and with a rich pme flavouv. 

A very excellent strawberry. The plant is a most 
abundant bearer, and deserves univenal cultivation. 

Hoopeb's Sbedling. — Fruit large, conical, rarely 
fiattened, but sometimes deenly furrowed. Seeds rather 
deeply embedded. Skin dark red, assuming a very deep 
blackish tinge as it ripens. Flesh crimson at the exte- 
rior, but paler towards the centre, sweet, brisk, and 
richly flavoured. 

A good bearer, and an excellent variety for general 
purposes. 

Ingbam's Pbincb Abthub. — Fruit mediimi sized, 
conical, even and regular in shape, with a glossy neck. 
Seeds not very numerous, nor deeply embedded. Skin 
of a brilliant scarlet, like Sir Charles JN apler, paler at the 
tip. Flesh white, solid, very juicy, brisk, and with a riofai 
pme flavour. 

A flrst-rate variety, an abxindant bearer, and {bioes welL 



270 

Ihgram's Fsikcb of Walks. — Fruit yery large, 
rouDdish, flattened ancl wedge-shaped, the smaller fruit 
OYEte. Seeds not deeply embedded. Skin deep crimson* 
becoming darker as it ripens. Flesh pale red, very firm 
and solid, brisk, sweet, and richly flavoured. 

An excellent variety, and admirably adapted for forcing. 

Keens' Seedling. — Fruit large, ovate, sometimes in- 
clining to cockscomb shape. Seeds not deeply embedded. 
Skin dark crimson, becoming very dark when highly 
ripened. Flesh scarlet, firm and solid, juicy, brisk, and 
richly flavoured. 

An old and well-established variety, which, for general 
purposes, has not yet been surpassed. 

Kitlet's GoLLiTH (GoUath). — Fruit very large, com- 
pressed and wedge-shaped, the smaller ones ovate. Seeds 
deeply embedded, which gives the surface a rough ap- 
pearance. Skin deep red, colouring equally all over. 
Flesh white, solid, briskly and richly flavoured, but not 
equal to British Queen, to which it is similar. It is, 
however, a better grower and better cropper. 

Mammoth {Myatt*s Mammoth), — Fruit immensely 
large, flattened, deeply furrowed and ribbed, irregular 
ana uneven in its outline. Seeds small and very slightly 
embedded. Skin glossy, of a fine deep red colour. Flesa 
scarlet throughout, firm and solid, even in the largest 
specimens, and of a brisk and pleasant flavour, which is 
rich in the well ripened fruit. 

The foliage is small, and on short footstalks, and permits 
the fruit to be well exposed to the influence of the sun. 

Marquise de la Tour Maubourg. See Duchesse de 
TrSvise. 

Myatt's British Queen. See British Queen, 

Myatt's Eleanor. See Eleanor, 

Myatt's Eliza.— Fruit above medium size, ovate or 
conical, with a glossy neck. Seeds not deeply embedded. 
Skin light red, becoming deep red when highly ripened. 
Flesh scarlet on the outside, but paler towards the core, 
firm and solid, very juicy, and with a particularly rich 
and exquisite flavour. 

This is one of the richest flavoured of all the varieties. 
The plant is a pretty good bearer, and hardier than the 
British Queen, to which it is, under all circumstances, 
vaperior in flavour. 



aTBJLWBSBBIZS. 271 

Myatt's Globe. — Fruit large, roun dish-ovate, even 
and regular, and with rather prominent seeds. Skin 
pale red, or rose coloured. Flesh white, but not solid at 
the core, of a rich and excellent flavour. 

The plants are most abundant bearers. 

Hyatt's Mammoth. See Mammoth, 
Hyatt's Seedling. See Filbert Pine, 
Hyatt's Surprise. See Surprise, 

Nb Plus Ultea. — Fruit large, cylindrical or oblong, 
frequently assuming a digitate shape. Skin very dark 
red. Flesh remarkably firm and solid, with a rich and 
pleasant flavour. 

This is a singular variety, many of the fruit being so 
divided at the apex as to appear like fingers. 

NiMBOD. — I have not yet been able to meet with what 
is said to be the true form of this variety, all the plants 
I have seen in fruit having proved to be the same as 
JSleanor, 

Old Pine {Black Pine; Carolina; Scarlet Pine). — 
Fruit medium sized, ovate, even and regular, and with a 
glossy neck. Seeds prominent. Skin deep red. Flesh 
pale red, very firm and solid, with a fine sprightly and 
very rich pine flavour. 

After all there are very few that equal, far less surpass, 
the Old Pine in flavour ; but it is not a good bearer. 

Omab Pasha (i?iwa/ Qween). —Wherever I have met with 
this variety it has proved to be the same as My alt's Eliza. 

Oscab. — Fruit large, ovate and angular, sometimes flat- 
tened and wedge-shaped. Seeds rather large, and deeply 
embedded, which give the surface a coarse appearance. 
Skin dark shining red, becoming almost black when fully 
ripe. Flesh red throughout, very firm and solid, juicy 
and richly flavoured. 

An excellent variety for a general crop, coming in a 
few days after Black Prince ; a most abundant bearer ; 
and from its firmness bears carriage well. 

Pbincess Alice Maude (AliceMaude), — ^Fruit medium 
sized, ovate or conical, and frequently large and kidney- 
shaped. Seeds prominent or very slightly embedded. 
Skin scarlet, becoming dark crimson when ripe. Flesh 
scarlet throughout, tender, juicy» sweet, and with a rich, 
brisk flavour. 



878 

Pbikcsss ItoYAL OF 'EsQiASJ> {CtttAtlTs PrineeM 
Soy at), — Fmit medium sized, roondisli-oTate or conioal, 
with a neck. Seeds deeply embedded. Skin deep scariet, 
where exposed to the son, and x>aler in the shade. Flesh 
pale red at the surface, whitish towards the core, rery 
rich and highly flavoured. 

An abundant bearer, and an excellent yariety for 
general cultivation. 

Prolific Kaittbois. — ^Fruit below medium size, conical. 
Seeds prominent. Skin light purple in the shade, and 
blackish-purjple on the side next the sun. Flesh firm, 
sweet, and with the rich peculiar flayour of the Hautbois. 

Prolific Pine. See Boseherry, 

Bival Queen. See Omar Pasha. 

BiYEBs' Eliza. (Seedling Eliza), — This is a seedling 
firom Myatt's Eliza, but rather more ovate in shape, and 
possessing all the character and flavour of that excellent 
yariety, but is a more abundant bearer, and of a hardier 
constitution. 

BosEBEBBY (Aberdeen Seedling ; Prolific Pine), — ^Froit 
large, conical, and pointed. Seeds deeply embedded, with 
prominent ridges between them. Skm dark red, becom- 
ing blackish as it ripens. Flesh pale scarlet, firm, witii 
an agreeable flavour. 

Soyal Pine. See Stoainstone*8 Seedling. 

£uBY — Fruit large, roundish, dark red. Flesh pale 
red, soft, and woolly, with a large core, and inferior 
flavour. 

Scarlet Pine. See Old Pine. 

Seedling Eliza. See Rivers* JEHiza. 

Sib Chables !N'apisb. — Fruit very large, ovate, flat- 
tened, and wedge-shaped. Seeds not deeply embedded. 
SkiD shining, oi a flne bright pale scarlet colour. Flesh 
white, firm and solid, briskly acid, and not highly 
fiavoured. 

This is a fine handsome strawberry, well adapted for 
forcing and for early market purposes. The plant is 
remarkably tender, perhaps more so than any other 
variety. 

SiB Habby. — Fruit very large, roundish, irreeular, 
frequently cockscomb-shaped. Seeds large, and &^ly 



STBAWBSBBIBS. 279 

t^mbedded. Skin dark crimson, becoming ahnost black 
when fully ripe. Flesh dark red, not very firm, but 
tender, very juicy, and richly flavoured. 

Sib Walter Scott. — Fruit medium sized, conical, and 
pointed, with prominent seeds. 'Skin deep red. Flesh 
pole, firm, and inferior in flavour. 

Stirling Castle Pine. — Fruit large, ovate or conical, 
pointed, even and re^ar in shape. Seeds small, not 
deeply embedded. Skin of a bright scarlet colour, be- 
eommg dark red as it ripens. Flesh pale scarlet, brisks 
•ad Qiexcellent flavour. 

6wainstone*s Seedling (Boyal Pine). — Fruit above 
medium size, ovate, even and regular in its shape. Seeds 
small, and rather deeply embedded. Skin pale red. Flesh 
pale, rather hollow round the core, and with a fine rich 
flavour. 

This is a good variety for forcing, and is a good bearer. 

Teollope's. Victobia. — Fruit very large, roundish- 
ovate, even and regular in its outline. Skin light crim- 
fcm. Flesh pale scarlet, tender, juicy, sweet, and richly 
flavoured. 

This is a good early strawberry, and an excellent 
bearer. 

Viscomtesse H^ricart de Thury. See Duchesse de 
Trivise, 

Wilmot's Pbincb Abthub. — Fruit medium sized, 
conical, even, and regular. Seeds small, not deeply em- 
bedded. Skin deep red and glossv. Flesh scarlet, firm, 
but hollow at the core, of a ricn flavour when highly 
ripened. 

The plant is a great bearer, forces well, and the fruit 
bears carriage better than many other varieties. 



LIST OF SELECT STBAWBEBEIE8, 

Blaek Prince Highland Chief 

British Queen Keens' Seedlmg 

Carolina Superba Hyatt's Eliza 

Deptford Pine Osoar 

Puchesse de Trivise Prinoess Bojal of England 

Elton Swainstone's Seedling 



874 



walnuts; 

A Bijoux. See Large Fruited. 

Common. — The common walnut being raised from seeds 
there are a great number of varieties amoug those grown 
in this country, varying in size, flavour, thickness of the 
shell, and fertility. To secure a variety of a certain 
character, it must be perpetuated by graftmg in the same 
way as varieties of other fruit trees are propagated. 

A Coque Tendre. See Thin Shelled. 

Double. See Large Fruited, 

DwABF Pbolific (Early Beartfia ; Fertile; Pr€Bpa/r^ 
iuriens ; Frecocious). — This is a dwarf-growing, early- 
bearing variety, which I have seen produce fruit when 
not more than two and a half to three feet hi^h ; and a 
tree in my possessiou, not more than six feet high, bears 
abundant crops of good-sized and well-flavoured froit- 
This variety reproduces itself from seed. 

Early Bearing. See Dwarf Frolijie. 

Fertile. See Dwarf Frolijlc, 

French. See Large Fruited, 

HiGHFLYEB. — This variety ripens its fruit considerably 
earlier than the others, and is of good size and weU 
flavoured. 

De Jauge. See Large Fruited, 

LabgeFbuited (a Bijoux; Double; French; de Jauge j 
a Trhs Gros Fruit), — Nuts very large, two or three times 
larger than the common walnut, and somewhat square 
or oblong in shape. The kernel is small for the size of 
the nut, and does not nearly fill the shell. It requires 
to be eaten when fresh, as it very soon becomes rancid. 

The shell of this variety is used by the jewellers for 
jewel-cases, and is frequently fitted up with ladies' em- 
broidery instruments. 

Late {Tardif; Saint Jean).— The leaves and flowers of 



WALNUTS. 275 

this Tariety are not developed till near tlie end of June, 
after all danger from frosts has passed. The nuts are of 
medium size, roundish, and well filled ; but thej do not 
keep long. The tree is yerj productire, and is repro- 
dneed from the seed. 

A M^sauge. See Thin Shelled. 

Pra^parturiens. See Dwarf Prolific. 

Precocious. See Dtvarf Frolifie. 

Saint Jean. See Late, 

Tardif. See Late. ' 

Thin Shelled (a Coque Tendre; h MSsange), — Nuts 
oblong, with a tender shell, and well filled. This is the 
best of all the varieties. 

A Tr^a Gros Fruit. See Large Fruited, 

YoBESHiBE. — This is of large size, but not so large as 
ibe Large Fruited. It fills and ripens welL 




SUPPLEMEKT. 



SaBoy WABD.—Frait beloir medium size, oveXe. Skin 
smooth and shmisg, of a fine uniform deep yellow colour. 
Eye Blightlf open, and not mncb. depressed. Stalk short. 
Flesh tender, crisp, juicy, and agreeablT acid. Jannarr 
tai May. 

Tbia is an escellent apple for onlinary purposes, but its 
small size is a great objection to it. It xeeps well with- 
out shrivelling. 

ClisBold's Seedling. See Lodgemore Nonpareil. 

Ddkk or Db tons h IBB .—Fruit medium sized, ronndiah- 
orate. Skin of uniform lemon-yeliow colour, with a dnll 
red oheek; the surface veined with russet. Eye large 
and open, sot in BTfidenTia Scfp basin. Stalt very short. 
Fleah yellowish, crisp, juioy, ridi, and sugary, with a 

cellcnt dessert apple, in ose from February till 
May. 
■ LpDSEMOKE NoBPiBEIi {ClisMld'* Seedlii^). —Vrmi 




ni«dium size, rgnndish. Skim deep yellow, dotted 

"■ lUte grey dots, and wilh a blush of red on one 

~ alightiy closed, set in a shallow basin. Stalk 

■^- ■"■•-'-' ■-■ "" cavity. Flesh yeUowish, 

y'lth It fine aroma. 

a use fh>m febniary till tha 



8T7PPLBMBNT. 277 

APRICOTS. 

Caniwo Gbosso.— This is a fine large apricot, ripening 
at the same time as Boyal; remarkably robust in m 
habit of growth, and likely to prove a desirable sort ; bat 
it has not been sufficiently proved in this country to know 
what its real merits are. 

Pb^cocb de WiTTBiTBERO.— This is an early variety of 
the Peach Apricot, and as such is highly valuable. It 
ripens ten or twelve days before that variety, and is of 
the largest size. 



GOOSEBERRIES. 

Companion. — Large, roundish-oval. Skin hairy, of a 
pale red colour in the shade, and brownish-red next the 
aim. Flavour very rich and excellent. 

This is one of the best gooseberries, combining size and 
flavour. Its greatest weight is 26 dwts. 8 gr&. 

FsBBDOM.i^Large and oval. Skin thin, smooth, green- 
iBh-white, with streaks of red on the side next the sun. 
Flavoar sweet and good. Greatest weight 22 dwts. 22 grs. 

Lbadbb. — Large and round. Skin yellow, rather 
tiiiok and smooth. Flavour excellent. Greatest weight 
S8 dwts. 20 grs. 

Lxoh's Pbovidbb. — Large and oval. Skin rather thick, 
lUdiy, dark red, and somewhat transparent. Flavour 
•Weet and brisk. Greatest weight 25 dwts. 8 grs. 

WoiTDBBFUL. — ^Large and oval. Skin smooth, rather 
tlun, transparent, ana deep red. Flavour rich. Greatest 
weight 28 dwts. 12 grs. 



J.'. 



■/'f GRAPES. 

' ^;: ScAOX MoKUKKA. — ^Bunches very large, and well set ; 

?;; •fSfoy and broadlv shouldered. Berries of an oblong- 

'^iCinrte shape, like those of the Finger Grape, dark red or 

blaol^ and set on long slender stalks, which are 



278 8UFFLBMENT. 

very brittle. Skin very thin, adhering so closely to the 
fiesri as to be inseparable when the fruit is eaten. Flesh 
very firm and crisp, juicy, sweet, and nicely flavoured. 
The berries are stoneless. 

This is a strong, vigorous-growing vine, and very 
productive. 

Due DE Malakoff (Chassela^ Due de MalaJcoff), — 
This is a form of the Sweetwater, and in all respects so 
nearly resembles that variety that it is not worth Keeping 
distinct. From what I have seen of it, it sets as badly 
as the Sweetwater, and produces a bunch with a few 
large and a great many small berries. 

Early Gbeen Madeira (Vert PrScoce de Mad^re). — 
Bunches of good size, cylindrical, slightly compact. Ber- 
ries medium sized, oval. Skin of a green colour, which 
it retains till its perfect maturity, when it becomes a little 
clearer, but still preserving the green tinge. Flesh with 
a rich and sugary flavour. 

This is one of the earliest grapes, and ripens in a cool 
vinery from the beginning to the middle of August. It 
will also succeed against a wall in the open air ; but, of 
course, is not then so early. It bears considerable re- 
semblance to the Yerdelho, but is said to be earlier than 
that variety. I have not been able to examine the two 
growing under the same circumstances. 

Ingram's Hardy Prolific Muscat. — Bunches long and 
tapering, not shouldered, from nine inches to a foot in 
length. Berries medium size, perfectly oval, and well 
set. Skin quite black, covered with blue bloom. Flesh 
moderately firm, juicy, sugary, and with a fine piquant 
and rich flavour, having a faint trace of Muscat. 

This is an excellent hardy grape, and remarkably pro- 
lific. The wood is very short-jomted, and the vine suc- 
ceeds well in a cool greenhouse. It has all the appearance 
of being a good out-door grape. 

Jura Frontignan (Muscat Noir de Jura). — ^Bunches 
long and tapering, very slightly shouldered, and larger 
than those of Black Frontignan. Berries above medium 
size, oval, and well set. Skin deep purplish-black, covered 
with thin blue bloom. Flesh tender, very juicy, richly 
flavoured, and with a fine, but not powenul, Muscat 
aroma. 

This is a valuable grape. The vine is a prolific bearer j 



SrPFLBMBNT. 279 

ike wood short-jointed; and will be well adapted for 
growing in pots. 

Mill-Hill Hambttroh. — Since tlie preceding portion 
of this work has passed through the press I have had new 
opportunities of examining the characters of this grape, 
and in addition to the distinction of foliage I find there 
are other differences to separate it from the Dutch Ham- 
burgh than those mentioned at page 109. The Dutch 
Hamburgh has a firm, coarse flesh adhering to the skin ; 
but that of the Mill-Hill is perfectly tender, and both in 
texture and flavour resembles the true Black Hamburgh, 
while the berries are as large and of the same shape as 
those of Dutch Hamburgh. It is a yery fine variety, and 
perfectly distinct. 

Muscat Citbokbllb. — Bunches small, and not shoid- 
dered. Berries below medium size, like those of Eoyal 
Muscadine, round. Skin thin, and somewhat transparent, 
white, and covered with thin bloom. Flesh very tender, 
juicy, and sweet, with a slight Muiscat flavour. An early 
grape, ripening in a cool greenhouse in the middle of 
August. 

Vebdal. — Bunches long, loose, and tapering, not shoul- 
dered. Berries above medium size, oval, on long slender 
stalks. Skin thin, green, covered with thin bloom. 
Flesh tender, very juicy, sweet, and richly flavoured. 

This is an excellent early grape, ripening in a cool 
vinery in the middle of August. 



PLUMS. 

Mitchelson's. — Fruit above medium size, oval, not 
marked with a suture on the side. Skin black when fully 
ripe, dotted with a few very minute fawn-coloured dots, 
and covered with a very thin blue bloom. Stalk half an 
inch long, stout, and inserted in a depression. Flesh 
yellow, tender, very juicy, sweet, and of good flavour, 
separating from the stone. Shoots smooth. 

An excellent preserving plum. Eipe in the beginning 
of September. In general appearance it is like the 
Diamond, but smaller, and does not possess that very 
brisk acidity which characterises that variety. It is a 



2B0 BUPPLBMBBZ. 

prodigious bearer, the fruit being produced in clusters, 
and it is invaluable as a market plum. 

OuLLBNs' GABB{Beine Claude d'OuUena; BeineClaude 
JPr4coee). — ^Fruit not so large as the Green Grage, but of 
tlie same shape When ripe the skin is of a rich yeUow 
colour, dotted with crimson on the side exposed to the 
sun,, and ooyered with a very delicate white bloom. Stalk 
three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a rather wide 
depression. Flesh yellow, very tender and juicy, rich, 
sugary, and delicious, adhering slightly to the stone. 
Shoots smooth. Bipe in the middle of August. 

This is a remarkably fine dessert plum, and valuable 
for its earliness. The tree has a robust pyramidal growth. 



STRAWBERRIES. 

Ctjlvbbwbll's Sanspabeil. — Fruit long and tapering, 
rarely assuming any other shape ; very much furrowed 
and irregular on its surface. Seeds not deeply embedded. 
Skin very dark red, becoming almost blacK when highly 
ripened. Flesh very firm and solid, red throughout, and 
very richly flavourea. 

Fboomobe Late Pine. — ^Fruit very large, conical, and 
cockscomb-shaped, with a glossy neck like the old Pine 
Seeds not deeply embedded. Skin glossy, bright red. 
becoming dark red and almost black when ripe. Flesh 
tender, and very juicy, red throughout, richly flavoured, 
and a good deal of the Pine aroma when well ripened. 

This is a late variety, and an abundant bearer, coming 
in with the Elton, but much less acid that that variety. 

Highland Maby. — ^Fruit above medium size, conical, 
and inclining to cockscomb shape. Skin dark red. Seeds 
small, not deeplv embedded. Flesh white, rather hollow 
at the core, bristly and agreeably fiavoured. 

The plant is an abundant bearer. 

HiCHABD the Second. — This is an improved variety of 
Black Prince, to which it is similar in form and colour, 
but of a larger size. It is above medium size, and almost 
round; of a dark red colour, and almost black when 
highly ripened. Flesh pale scarlet, firm, but hollow 
round, the core. 



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