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THE 

GENTLEMAN'S 

MAGAZINE. 

Bv  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gb^i 

VOLUME   XX. 

NEW     SERIES. 

MDCCCXLIII. 
JULY  TO    DECEMBER 

INCLUSIVE. 


LONDON; 
WILLIAM  PICKERING  i 
JOHN  BOWYER  NICHOLS  AND  SON. 

1843. 


LONDON  :  J.  B.  NICHOLS  AND  BON,  PaiNT£B8|  25,  PARLIAMENT  STREET. 


PREFACE. 


i 


Perhaps  the  office  of  a  Magazine  like  ours  may  be  said  to  be 
twofold ;  the  one  to  point  out  the  constant  progress  of  Literature 
and  the  Arts,  by  the  exertions  of  others ;  and  the  other  to  con- 
tribute itself  to  their  improvement.  The  former  duty  is  per- 
formed by  due  notices  of  the  works  published,  by  accounts  of  the 
most  remarkable  and  valuable  discussions  in  Literary  and  Scien- 
I  tific  Societies,  and  by  records  of  discoverieis  made  known  through 
•^  other  channels  of  information.  The  second  duty  we  are  Enabled  to 
execute  through  the  friendly  assistance  of  our  Correspohdents, 
who  each  contribute  something  to  improve  their  own  branches  of 
study,  and  thus,  by  the  judicious  combination  of  individual  eflFort, 
is  the  general  structure  of  literature  elevated  and  enlarged. 

Again,  while  each  one  has  some  favourite  walk  in  literature, 
which  he  prefers  to  all  others,  arid  which  he  delights  in  improving, 
and  on  which  the  great  attention  of  his  mind  is  concentrated ;  yet, 
by  a  natural  curiosity,  as  well  as  by  the  intimate  alliance  of  the 
different  branches  of  learning  with  each  other,  he  is  not  willing  to 
be  unacquainted  with  the  progress  of  other  minds,  and  the  con- 
quests that  are  making  on  those  realms  of  knowledge  which  are 
more  or  less  adjacent  to  his  own.  To  effect  this,  however,  by  the 
perusal  of  all  the  original  works,  would  be  a  labour  impossible  to 
undergo ;  and,  as  a  general  survey  of  the  map  of  knowledge  is  all 
that  is  required,  the  Magazine  offers  the  most  ready  and  available 
means  of  supplying  what  is  wanted,  not  only  by  pointing  out  the 
progress  and  direction  of  the  stream,  but  by  marking  the  objects 
most  worthy  of  attention  that  are  reflected  in  its  bosom.  Much 
time  is  saved,  and  labour  spared,  by  our  curiosity  being  at  once 
rightly  directed  to  the  prominent  and  proper  objects,  and  by 
having  some  faithful  and  attentive  guide  in  our  intellectual  pur- 
suits. The  more  authors  that  arise,  the  more  critics  will  follow 
in  their  train ;  if  new  Magazines  and  Reviews  start  up^  as  they 


IV 


PREFACE. 


daily  do,  we  may  be  sure  that  there  is  a  copious  supply  of  original 
matter  at  the  fountain  head.  We  hope  (to  continue  the  metaphor) 
that  those  who  drink  from  ours,  which  is  one  of  the  oldest  water- 
courses that  has  been  made  from  the  general  reservoir,  will  have 
no  reason  to  complain  that  the  channel  has  been  injured  by  time, 
or  the  supply  directed  by  unskilful  or  unfaithful  hands.  We  wish 
to  continue  now  what  we  formerly  were,  and  that  it  may  be  said 
of  us,  as  was  said  of  a  learned  German  divine,  Luitprandus  nun- 
quam  Luitprando  dissimUisfuit. 

S.  Urban. 


LIST  OF  EMBELLISHMENTS  TO  THE  VOLUME. 

*,,,♦  Those  marked  thus  *  are  Vignettes,  printed  with  the  letter-press. 

Swindon  Church,  Gloucestershire           •                .                .  .  .21 

*  Sepulchral  Tablets  at  St.  Mary  in  the  Capitol,  Cologne  .  .  43,  44 
^Monumental  Tablet  to  Major-Gen.  Thomas  Dundas  .  .  .155 
Three  Views  in  Guadaloupe  .  •  .  .  .  .156 
Syon  House,  the  English  Nunnery,  at  Lisbon  ....  247 
♦New  Front  of  Crosby  Place,  in  Great  St.  Helen's  .  .  .  286 
Facsimile  of  an  ancient  Drawing  of  the  Court  of  the  Pope    .  .  .357 

*  Ancient  anchor  found  in  Fleet  Ditch    .                .                .  .  .417 

Four  figures  of  Churches  showing  the  difference  of  high  and  low  chancels  .    484 

♦View  of  Blithborough  Church,  Suffolk                 .                 .  .  .485 

♦Profileof  John  Britton,  F.S.A.            .                .                .  .  .511 

♦Diagrams  illustrative  of  the  construction  of  the  Pyramids  .  .  528,  529 

Interior  View  of  Great  Musgrave  Church,  Westmorland       .  .  .571 

♦Ancient  Grave-stone  found  in  Fetter  Lane           .                .  .  .639 


INDEX    TO    POETRY. 


Chorus,  Bride  of  Messina  607 

Decease  of  the  Mass  27  1 

Elegiac  Poem  402 

Enduring  IVoe  623 

Epistle  (Turberville),  from  the  Author 

to  the  Reader  45 
Epitaphs  on  the  E.  of  Pembroke  46.  On 

H.  Sydenham  and  Gyles  Bampfield  46 
Fourth  of  June  1812,  605 
James  /.  Poem  on  his  Accession  366 
Marching  along  1 69 
Odes  of  Horace  f  by  J.  Scriven  615 


Papal  Court,  Latin  Verses  on  573 

Poor  Gentleman  167 

Sandys,  G\  Version  of  the  60th  Psalm  507 

Satire  on  Wolsey  269,  380,  492,  597 

Song\Ql.     Latin  357 

Sonnet  to  J,  Britton  511 

Sonnets  616,  622 

Spenser,  Poetic  Notices  of  48 

Thoughts  for  the  City  168 

To  our  Neighbour's  Health  621 

Wisdom  ofJge,  a  Ballad  40 


S^-iTTJCOIT  CHUHCM.  GLOrtTBSTEHSHIHB . 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

JULY,  1843. 

By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 
.  CONTENTS. 

Minor  Corresponbence.— .Canova's  Magdalen — St.  Maurice,  Winchester..  2 

Memoirs  and  Corrbspondencb  op  Francis  Horner 3 

Swindon ,Cl^urch,  Gloucestersliire  (with  a  Plate.) . . ; ••.•.••...#•«•..'    21 

iTie  Merry  Llwyd  on  St.  John's  Eve,  and  Fire  Worship 22 

D'Aubign^'s  History  of  the  Reformation — Comparative  Cultivation  of  the  Arts 
by  Catholics  and  Protestants— rHymnis  of  the  Church— ^Church  Music — 

Lucas  Cranach,  &c S5 

Memoirs  of  the  Bover  Family — Original  letters  relating  to  the  Mutiny  at  the 

Nore,  and  the  Victory  off  Camperdown. ............. .... ...........  ;    31 

Description  of  Berkhampstead  Castle 36 

fhe  Aristotelian  Logic — Achilles  and,  the  Tortoise  • .38 

Gold  £fritish  Coins  found  at  Banbury,  &c. 39 

The  -Wisdom  of  Age  ;  a  ballad :..  by  the  Rev.  Wm.  Harness,  M.  A. .........  .40 

S^r  W>  Betham  on  the  Hiberno-CjBltic  Language 41 

Sepulqhral  Tablets  at  St.  Mary  in  the  Capitol,  Cologne  ftvit/i  Engravings) ....  43 

"  Letter  to  an  Hon.  Brigadier -General " — By  whom  ?     By  Junius  ? 44 

Retrospective  Review — Tragical  Tales  and  other  Poems  •••...... 45 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

Langdon*s  Ten  Thousand  Things  relating  to  China,  49 ;  White's  History  of 
Selbome ;  by  the  Rev.  Leonard  Jenyns,  ib, ;  Fosses  Grandeur  of  the 
Law,  50;  The  Lawyer,  by  O'Brien,"  51 ;  Dering's  Sketches  of  Human 
Life,  1^. ;  Morris's  Nature,  a  parable,  52  ;  Church  Poetry,  53  ;  Tomlin- 
son's  Life  of  Sancta  Bega,  54  ;  Relton's  Churches,  55 ;  Green's  Grammar 
of  the  New  Testament,  56 ;  Hargrave ;  or,  the  Adventures  of  a  Man  of 
Fashion,  by  Mrs.  Trollope;  the  False  Heir,  by  James;  and  Miscel- 
laneous Reviews «       58 

FINE  ARTS.— Royal  Commission  of  Fine  Arts  ;  61 

LITERARY    AND  SCIENTIFIC .  INTELLIGENCE.— 

New  Publications,  62;  Oxford  University,  67;  Cambridge  University,  68; 
Asiatic  Society,  ib.  ;  Society  of  Arts,  ih. ;  Lord  Berwick's  Library,  69  ; 
Library  of  Dean  Milles,  72 ;  Roxburghe  Club , 73 

ARCHITECTURE.— Oxford  Architectural  Society,  73  ;  Norman  Tower,  Bury, 

74 ;  Bavaria,  ib. ;  New  Churches  Consecrated ; 74 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— Society  of  Antiquaries,  77  ;  Cambridge 
Antiquarian  Society,  78  ;  Oxford  Ashmolean  Society,  ib,i  Numismatic 
Society,79;  City  Excavations 81 

HISTORICAL    CHRONICLE.— Proceedings    in    Parliament,   82;    Foreign 

News,  83 ;  Domestic  Occurrences , ,       84 

Promotions  and  Preferments,  85 ;  Births  and  Marriages , 86 

OBITUARY;  with  Memoirs  of  the  Duke  of  Manchester;  Earl  of  Co- 
ventry ;  Earl  of  Abergavenny ;  Lord  Forbes ;  Lord  Fitzgerald  and  Vesey ; 
Hon.  William  Howard ;  Sir  Gregory  O.  P.  Turner,  Bart. ;  Rear-Adm.  Sir 
Josiah  Coghill,  Bart.  ;  Sir  R.  W.  Vaughan,  Bart. ;  Sir  Francis  Sykes,  Bart. ; 
Sir  Peter  Payne,  Bart. ;  General  J.  M.  Kerr ;  Capt.  H.  C.  Pemb'erton,  R.N. ; 
R.  L.  Gwatkin,  esq. ;  C.  Fyshe  Palmer,  esq. ;  George  Henry  Carew, 
esq. ;  Robert  Hurst,  esq. ;  John  Allen,  esq. ;  Henry  Nelson  Coleridge, 
esq. ;  Henry  Goulburn,  esq. ;  Mrs.  Fairlie  ;  Robert  Fox,  esq.  F.S.A. ; 
Rev.  J.  *W.  Niblock,  D.D. ;  W.  H.  Pyne,  esq.  ;  Henry  Thompson, 
esq.  R.A. ;  H.  F.  Cooler,  esq. ;  Wm.  G.  Mucklow,  esq. ;  Mrs.  Daven- 
port;  Mrs.  Honey .♦..,... ......,.'.. 89—102 

Deaths,  arranged  in  Counties >...     102 

Table  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis  for  May  and  June— Prices  of  Shares — 

Markets,  111;  Meteorological  Diary — Stocks 112 

Embellished  with  a  Plate  of  Swindon  Church,  near  Cheltenham ;  and  with  Re» 
presentations  of  Sepulchrai^  Crosses  at  Cologne. 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


Cydweli  writes,-^ On  opening  the 
June  number,  I  see  (p-  589),  that  a  sug- 
gestion of  mine  is  treated  as  a  plagiarism, 
a  charge  which  I  hasten  to  repel,  premising 
that  the  quotation  from  £rasmus  is  only 
known  to  me  through  M.  D'Aubign^. 
J.  R.  pronounces  my  {not  uncharitable) 
tuggestion  of  a  numerical  error  in  the 
text  ot  Erasmus,  in  the  asitounding 
number  of  fines  paid  by  licentious  priests, 
as  borrowed  from  the  translator.  Such 
is  not  the  case.  I  have  never  even  seen 
the  translation  to  which  he  refers,  except 
in  the  ihird  volume,  whereas  he  refers  to 
the  first.  Mr.  Kelly's  translation,  which 
I  possess,  but  which  is  printed  in  another 
form,  has  no  translator's  note  on  the  pass- 
age. As  to  the  words,  **  so  exultingly 
produced^*  your  readers  will  know  how 
to  appreciate  them;  nor  do  I  wish  to 
ofifend  against  courtesy,  by  the  too  easy 
means  of  retort.  Man  is  indeed  a  con- 
struction.putting  creature  ;  but  the  faculty 
belongs  to  his  vices,  rather  than  hi^ 
virtues. 

J.  T.  M.  remarks  with  respect  to  the 
name  of  Mansel,  that  William  Mansel, 
esq.  who  died  December  1 1th,  154<1,  is 
buried  in  Yoik  Minster. — In  Prior's  Life 
of  Burke,  and  in  Hardiman's  History  of 
Gal  way,  the  name  of  Dolphin  (still 
respectably  known  in  Lougbrea),  occurs 
frequently.  The  name  is  found  in  the 
Saxon  Chronicle,  ad.  an.  1092,  where  it 
is  said  that  William  Rufus,  when  he  went 
to  Carlisle,  and  built  the  castle  there, 
*<  drove  out  Dolfin,  who  had  before 
gQverned  that  country."  (Miss  Gurney's 
translation,  p.  252.  In  the  chronological 
index  heis  styled  Warden  of  Cumberland.) 

Canova's  **  Magdalen,*'  which  formed 
part  of  the  gallery  of  the  late  wealthy 
Spanish  capitalist,  M,  Aguado,  was  sold 
by  auction  at  Paris,  on  the  28th  of  March, 
1843,  for  the  sum  of  59,500  francs.  The 
purchaser  is  said  to  be  the  Duke  de 
Sarraglia,  who,  it  is  said,  is  about  to  re- 
move the  Magdalen  to  Italy.  At  the 
sale  of  the  Marquis  de  Sommariva's 
gallery,  four  years  ago,  M.  Aguado  paid 
for  it  66,000  francs. 

It  is  a  circumstance  seldom  adverted  to, 
that  the  Greek  poet,  Menander,  was  an 
Anti-democrat.  He  is  stated  to  have 
been  a  friend  of  Demetrius  Phalereus, 
and  to  have  narrowly  escaped  death,  on 
the  downfall  of  that  eminent  person,  at 


the  hands  of  the  Athenian  populaee* 
The  fact  is  adduced  by  Dr.  Gillies  in  hit 
History  of  the  World,  chap.  7,  from  the 
Life  of  Demetrius  by  Diogenes  Laertius ; 
and,  in  times  when  men  of  talent  are  ap^ 
to  be  led  away  by  popular  sentiments,  it 
is  not  unworthy  of  notice. 

The  following  remarkable  entry  occurf 
in  one  of  the  old  register  books  of  St. 
Maurice,  Winchester.  "  1644,  Charlef 
Eburne  Cler:  being  sbott  thro,  dyed  the 
same  night  at  Christopher  Hussey's, 
Gent:  and  one  of  the  Aldermen  of  this 
Cittie  of  Winton.  Also  James  Mingam 
and  Richard  Shoveler  ;  all  three  wounded 
together  in  the  Soake  by  East  Gate, 
dyed  that  night,  beinge  the  9th  of  Decern: 
and  weare  buried  the  lOtb  out  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Maurice  in  Winton,  bv  me 
WiLLM.  Clun.  Recr."  A  later  hand 
(apparently^  has  added,  *'  Vs  malum  belli 
civilis."  The  old  church  of  St.  Maurice 
has  been  pulled  down  in  1840,  and  a  new 
one  rather  larger  has  been  erected  on  the 
same  site.  It  was  formerly  collegiate, 
with  regular  clergy  attached,  and  a  moat 
venerable  parish  church.  The  porch 
was  of  handsome  N  orman  workmanship; 

**  Can  any  reader  inform  me  whether 
there  exists  any  engraved  portrait  of 
Mallet  the  poet.  I  have  never  been  aUe 
to  meet  with  one."    F.  T. 

P.  640.  The  storm  in  which  the 
steeple  of  Exton  church  was  struck  with 
lightning  took  place  on  the  25th  of 
April,  not  the  2nd  of  May. 

In  June,  p.  664,  the  Rev.  Richard 
Loxham,  Rector  of  Halsall,  has  been  inr 
correctly  stated  as  of  St.  John's  coU, 
Cambridge.  It  ought  to  have  been  Jesus^ 
coll.  Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  1783. 
His  brother,  Rev.  Robert  Loxham,  was 
of  St.  John's,  I5th  Wrangler,  1779 ;  hence 
perhaps  the  mistake. 

Mft.  £.  Maude  answers  the  queere  in 
May,  p.  476,  respecting  **  red  nepe."  In 
Salmon's  Herbal,  Ed.  1710,  chap.  517, 
pages  768  and  769,  are  three  cuts  of  Nep. 

1.  Nep:  or,  Cat- Mint  common. 

2.  Nep:  or,  Cat  Mint  small. 

3.  Nep,  broad  leaved. 

Erratum.— P.  601,  col.  2.  for  Fantathlete, 
read Pentathlete.— P.- 625.  "Bishop of Iiondon 
in  1553.  and  Bp.  of  London  in  184S,'*  for  a 
Lady  Citizen,  read  a  Lay  CiUzen  yfor  price  4<ft 
read  price  One  Shilling. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Francis  Horner,  Esq,    Edited  by  his 

Brother,  Leonard  Horner,  Esq.     2  vols. 

SO  well  has  this  work  been  executed  that  we  can  scarcely  regret  the 
failure  of  the  previous  attempts  to  compose  a  biographical  memoir  of  Mr, 
Horner,  when  the  materials  collected  for  the  subject  had  been  successively 
entrusted  to  two  of  his  intimate  friends,*  who  were  both  prevented,  by 
professional  engagements,  from  executing  the  task,  which  otherwise  the 
duties  and  recollections  of  past  friendship  would  have  made  them  eager  to 
accept.     Mr.  Leonard  Horner  has,  however,  judiciously  adopted  a  plan  of 
biography  which  must  surpass,  in  the  fidelity  of  the  likeness,  the  most  de- 
licate and  finished  touches  of  any  other  hand,  as  much  as  the  reflection  of 
the  countenance  in  the  clear  and  transparent  mirror  does  the  strongest 
resemblance  by  the  painter's  hand.     He  has  adopted  the  plan  suggested 
to  him  in  the  memoir  of  Sir  Samuel  Romilly, — selecting  and  arranging  the 
authentic  and  original  materials  collected,  abstaining  himself  from  com- 
ment and  remark,  and  giving  little  or  nothing  but  what  had  been  written 
by  the  subject  of  the  biography,  or  by  one  or  other  of  his  correspondents  j 
thus,  by  a  careful  selection  from  the  correspondence  and  journals  of  his 
brother,  and  by  the  addition  of  a  few  pages  at  the  commencement  and 
elose,  and  by  filling  up  occasional  blanks  in  the  narrative,  he  has  made  Mr. 
Horner  himself  narrate  the  history  of  his  life.     As  he  limited  his  work 
to  two  volumes^  he  has  given,  he  informs  us,  not  more  than  a  third  of  the 
number  of  letters  he  possesses,  only  a  small  part  of  those  of  his  corre- 
spondents, and  a  certain  portion  of  extracts  from  the  journal.     In  most 
cases  this  would  have  been  judicious,  for  an  overloaded  and  encumbered 
biography  of  ordinary  persons  is  one  of  the  evils  of  the  age,  and  the  ad- 
dition of  a  third  volume  would  scarcely  be  desirable  ;  but  so  valuable,  in 
the  present  instance,  are  the  materials  which  form  the  narrative,  so  illus- 
trious are  the  names  of  the  persons  that  occur,  so  important  the  events 
that  are  described  and  the  opinions  that  are  discussed,  that,  when  the  work 
comes  to  a  second  edition,  we  hope  to  see  some  enlargement  of  it,  es- 
pecially in  the  journal,  which  we  consider  to  be  a  very  valuable  record  of 
the  education  of  an  individual  mind,  and  of  the  formation  of  principles  of 
conduct,  calculated  to  be  of  service  as  an  example  to  others  who  are  com- 
mencing their  progress  in  life  with  an  ambition  as  pure  and  honourable 
and  upright  as  Mr.  Horner's  was.  The  life  of  a  man  of  very  exalted  genius — 
of  one  of  the  great  heirs  of  fame — is,  as  it  were,  a  brilliant  vision,  a  thing 
exciting  high  admiration,  awakening  powerful  trains  of  emotion  and  sym- 
pathy in  the  mind,  but  too  little  connected  with  our  own  more  contracted 
powers  and  our  humbler  principles  of  action  to  be  of  service  to  us  as  a  guide  3 
it  acts,  by  way  of  example,  too  remotely  on  us.  Fires,  like  its  own,  can  be 
kindled  in  few  congenial  breasts  3  it  rises  before  us  in  enchanting  yet  be- 

*  We  presume  that  Mr.  Jeffrey  is  one  of  the  friend«  alluded  to,— who  the  other  il| 
who  is  abo  mentioxied|  we  do  not  know. 


4  Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Francis  fforner.  [July, 

wildering  splendour — astonishes  and  dazzles  us  with  its  uncertain  move- 
ment and  its  unwonted  light,  and  then  it  blazes  on  in  its  progress  in  a 
nath  too  remote  for  us  to  reach^  and  with  a  brilliancy  we  find  it  difficult  to 
endure.  The  creations  of  the  highest  genius  are  made  for  the  admiration^ 
not  the  imitation,  of  ordinary  minds.  It  is  from  others  of  another  and  a 
different  class  that  we  can  obtain  rules  for  our  instruction  and  guidance — 
knowledge  such  as  we  can  adopt  and  employ — principles  we  can  under- 
stand and  associate  with  our  own.  It  is  in  this  point  of  view  that  we 
consider  the  work  before  us  as  one  of  no  common  value.  Mr.  Horner  ap- 
pears to  have  been  gifted  with  a  very  clear  and  vigorous  understanding — 
this  was  Nature's  dowry  to  him — all  beside  he  achieved  out  of  this  for 
himself^  and  no  one  but  will  peruse  with  interest  the  steps  which  led  to 
such  early  maturity  of  mind,  and  to  such  rapid  accumulations  of  select  and 
valuable  knowledge.  It  will  be  seen  that  he  had  the  advantage  of  excel- 
lent instruction  in  his  youth,  that  he  was  placed,  when  he  quitted  the 
parental  roof,  under  those  who  guided  his  progress  with  attention  and 
skill — that  he  lost  no  time  in  unnecessary  and  unconnected  pursuits — that 
he  never  lingered  in  those  bye-ways  and  pleasant  nooks  and  paths  of 
literary  amusement  that  have  been  so  fatally  seductive  to  many, — that  he 
was  never  entangled  among  the  *'  difficiles  nugae  "  of  a  too  curious  and  un- 
wieldy erudition, — that  he  was  never  lost  in  those  devious  ways  that  in 
every  direction  are  intersecting  the  vast  map  of  knowledge, — that  he  did 
not  suffer  himself  to  cast  anchor  and  become  becalmed  by  the  tranquil  and 
alluring  enjoyment  of  some  inferior  pursuit  j  and  that  he  escaped,  by  strength 
and  determination  of  purpose,  those  seductions  which  have  paralysed 
the  efforts  of  so  many  minds,  and  consigned  to  oblivion  names  worthy  of  a 
better  fate.  But  he  seems  early  to  have  seen  before  him  the  arduous  and 
honourable  path  he  designed  to  traverse,  and  to  have  taken  the  means  to 
attain  success.  The  broad  and  massive  foundation  on  which  his  system  of 
education  was  laid,  that  was  to  fit  him  for  all  the  purposes  of  his  future 
life,  and  the  great  extent  of  those  studies  which,  however  apparently  re- 
mote, all  pointed  to  and  united  in  the  same  end,  may  be  seen  in  a  passage 
in  his  journal.* 

**  It  is  not  with  a  view,  however,  to  losophy  of  legislation.    The  calculus  of 

mathematical  knowledge  merely,  or  even  fliunonsand  the  theory  of  curves,  mayap' 

to  a  future  intimacy  with  physical  science,  pear  remote  enough  from  such  an  object ; 

that  I  have  resolved  to  place  myself  under  but  my  intention  is  to  get  a  knowledge 

Mr.  Playfedr ;  but  as  forming  a  necessary  only  of  the  instrument,  and  of  the  prin* 

part  of  that  survey,  in  which  I  have  oc-  ciples  upon  which  it  works,  not  to  learn 

casionally  been  employed  for  two  or  three  the  manual  and  ready  use  of  it.     It  is  as 

years  past,   of  the  general  field  of  the  a  chapter  in  the  great  system  of  logic  that 

sciences,  and  of  the  logical  methods  that  I  wish  to  understand  the  transcendental 

are  suited  to  various  investigations.    The  geometry  ;  and  it  is  with  my  eyes  bent 

study  of  Lord  Bacon's  writings  is  still  up*  upon  the  philosophy  of  politics  and  law 

permost  in  my  mind,  and  that  with  an  that  I  have  always  been   studying  that 

ultimate  and  steady  view  towards  the  phi-  system,"  &c. 

It  was  in  this  manner  that  with  his  strong  and  extensive  understand- 
ing, and  under  a  system  of  well-directed  study,  vigorously  pursued, 
he  was  able,  in  the  very  commencement  of  his  public  career,  to  distinguish 
himself  by  his  extensive  and  accurate  knowledge^  by  his  sound  judgment, 
and  clear  and  convincing  eloquence  3  when  to  these  are  added  the 
qualities  which  gave   them  double  force,  the  unbending  integrity  which 


♦  See  vol.  i.  p.  307. 


1843.]        Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Francis  Homer..  S. 

his  opponents  acknowledged^  and  on  which  his  friends  relied,  the  inde--  • 
pendence,  the  sincerity,  the  temperance  and  moderation  of  his  conduct,' 
the  modesty  with  which  he  bore  his  faculties,  and  the  gentleness  and  be- 
nevolence  which  in  private  and  social  life  seemed  to  bind  him  to  all  around 
in  ties  of  the  tenderest  affection  and  regard, — we  must  acknowledge  that  - 
a  character  more  worthy  of  esteem  has  not  been  often  displayed  to  the . 
public  eye,  and  that>  if  there  is  anything  in  the  force  of  example  which  can 
awaken  congenial  virtues  in  the  breasts  of  others,  it  may  be  presumed  not 
to  be  in  effective  in  a  case  like  this^  where  the  voice  of  commendation  has 
been  so  discriminating,  so  independent,  and  so  unanimous. 

Francis  Horner  was  the  eldest  son  of  Mr.  Horner,  a  merchant  of  Edin- 
burgh, and  of  Joanna  Baillie.  He  was  born  in  that  town  on  the  12th 
August,  1778.  In  1786  he  went  to  the  High  School  at  Edinburgh,  and 
was  placed  successively  under  the  care  of  Mr.  William  Nicol  and  Dr. 
Alexander  Adam  :*  the  former  well  known  as  the  convivial  companion  of 
Bums>  and  the  latter  distinguished  for  his  classical  learning,  and  esteemed 
for  his  amiable  disposition.  In  November  1792  he  was  matriculated  as  a 
student  of  the  University  of  Edinburgh. 


**  That  seminary/'  says  his  biographer, 
*'  may  be  said  to  have  been  then  at  the 
height  of  its  reputation  :  Robertson,  the 
historian,  was  the  principal ;  and  among 
its  professors  were  some  of  the  most 
distinguished  names  in  science  and  litera- 
ture of  that  period.  The  chair  of  moral 
philosophy  was  filled  by  Dugald  Stewart ; 


that  of  mathematics,  by  John  Playfair ; 
of  natural  philosophy,  by  John  Robison ; 
of  chemistry,  by  Joseph  Black ;  of  Greek, 
by  Andrew  Dalzel ;  and  of  rhetoric,  by 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Hugh  Blair;  while,  in  the 
medical  school,  anatomy  was  taught  by 
the  second  Alexander  Monro,  and  the 
practice  of  physic  by  James  Gregory.** 


Homer  remained  at  College  until  the  close  of  the  session  of  1 795,  but 
being  now  arrived  at  a  time  of  life  when  it  was  necessary  to  think  of  his 
future  profession,  and  having  fixed  on  the  '*  bar,"  and  as  it  was  desirable 
that  he  should  be  freed  from  the  disadvantages  of  a  provincial  dialect,  it 
was  determined  that  he  should  prosecute  his  studies  in  England  ;  and  he 
was  most  fortunate  in  the  choice  of  his  master  when  he  was  placed  under 
the  care  of  the  Rev.  John  Hewlett  of  Shacklewell  near  Hackney.  Here 
he  constantly  showed  a  very  early  maturity  of  understanding — read  with 
great  diligence  and  discrimination,  and  made  an  unusual  progress  in  the 
acquirement  of  knowledge.  His  letters  at  this  period  are  such  as  few 
boys  of  nineteen  could  write,  and  he  already  showed  a  considerable  ac- 
quaintance with  subjects  that  are  little  familiar  to  persons,  however  stu- 
dious, at  that  age.  In  1797  he  returned  to  Edinburgh,  became,  with  his 
friend  Henry  Brougham,  a  member  of  the  Speculative  Society,  and  pursued 
his  studies  with  exemplary  diligence  and  success.  In  1799  he  made  the 
valuable  acquaintance  of  Lord  Webb  Seymour,  brother  of  the  Duke  of 
Somerset,  a  person  of  a  very  philosophic  mind,  and  of  great  and  vatious 
accomplishments  in  science  and  learning.f  A  journal,  minute  and  accu- 
rate in  its  details,  informs  us  of  the  nature  and  extent  of  Mr.  Horner's 
studies,  which  were  sufficiently  extensive  to  reach  from  metaphysics  to 
poetry,  and  from  political  economy  to  chemistry  and  geology.  He  read 
with  great  attention  Bacon  de  Augm.  Scientise  as  his  guide  and  master  in 
all  philosophical  pursuits,  as  containing  the  most  profound  and  compre- 


*  See  his  sketch  of  Dr.  Adam's  character,  vol.  ii.  p.  15. 

t  See  a  character  of  him  by  Homer,  vol,  i.  p.  75^  and  p.  176, 7  • 


d  MemeifB  and  Corrup&ndence  of  FntnoU  Hwnet.  C«My^ 

hensive  views,  and  as  the  work  of  all  others  which  opens  the  most  tpleBdidt 
and  extensive  prospect  over  all  the  realm  of  science  and  human  Imrahi^;' 
About  this  time  (1801)  he  writes  in  his  journal. 


*'  Neither  in  philosophy  nor  in  law 
hare  I  prosecnted  any  regular  object  of 
application.  I  have,  as  nsual,  indulged 
Btyself  in  all  the  reveries  of  future  achieve- 
ment, future  acquisition,  future  fame ; 
poetry,  romantic  philosophy,  ambition, 
and  vanity  conspire  to  infatuate  me  in 
this  oblivion  of  the  present ;  and  amid 
this  visionary  intoxication  I  almost  feel 
the  powers  of  actual  exertion  sink  within 
me.     In  justice  to  myself,  however,   I 


ought  to  note,  that  these  speculations  and 
dreams  scarcely  ever  consist  in  the  reprcf- 
sentation  of  external  honours  to  be  em« 
joyed,  but  in  the  arrangement  of  ichevef ' 
of  action,  in  the  systematic  distribvtioa. 
of  various  science  to  be  acquired,  in  pro> 
jected  improvements  of  my  intettectnal. 
powers,  and  in  the  systematic  dtreetioB  o^ 
this  acquired  knowledge  and  of  theee  im- 
proved faculties  to  one  great  and  eottmon^ 
end,»'  &c. 


In  another  part  of  the  journal  we  find  him  paying  a  high  tribv^te  ef 
praise,  but  not  more  high  than  jnst,  to  a  work  which  we  always  considered 
to  be  one  which  may  be  advantageously  studied,  not  only  with  refereneer 
to  the  particular  art  on  which  it  treats,  but  to  all  others  connected  with  ^.- 


''  Next  to  the  writings  of  Bacon  (he 
writes),  there  is  no  book  which  has  more 
powerfully  impelled  me  to  revolve  these 
sentiments  than  the  Discourses  of  Sir 
Joshua  Reynolds.  He  i»  one  of  the  first 
men  of  genius  who  have  condescended  to 
inform  the  world  of  the  steps  by  which 
greatness  is  attained ;  the  unaffected  good 
sense  and  cieamess  with  which  he  describes 
the  terrestrial  and  human  attributes  of 
that  which  is  usually  called  inspiration, 

Again,  he  says, 

'*  While  I  had  Burke  in  one  hand,  I 
held  in  the  other  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds^s 
Discourses,  endeavouring  to  apply  to  my 
art  the  admirable  criticisms  which  he  de- 
livers upon  painting.  I  have  constantly 
referred  to  the  liberal  precepts  which  he 
ifrges  with  regard  to  the  study  and  imi- 


and  the  confidence  with  which  he  asserts 
the  omnipotence  of  human  labo1ir«  have 
the  effiect  of  familiarising  hit  reader  with 
the  idea  that  genius  is  aa  acqnisi^ii: 
rather  than  a  gift ;  while  with  all  this 
there  is  blended  so  naturally  and  so  elo» 
quently  the  most  elevated  and  passioBate 
admiration  of  excellence,  and  of  aU  tiie 
productiona  of  true  genius,  that  upon  the 
whole  there  is  no  book  of  a  more  infimii' 
matory  effect.'* 


tation  of  the  great  masters  ;  and  I  repose, 
with  confidence  on  the  idea,  that  the 
general  rules  of  excellence  in  all  the  art^ 
are  the  same.  Reynolds  himself  infonui 
us,  that  he  received  lessons  on  painting 
from  conversations  with  JoluuN)n  on. 
poetry,'* 


'  In  1802  he  came  to  London,  having  resolved  to  practise  at  the  English 
bar  5  wrote  for  the  Edinburgh  Review,*  then  commenced  (Nov.  1802), 
increased  his  acquaintance  with  the  society  of  persons  of  talent  and  knoW'^ 
ledge,  spoke  before  a  Committee  of  the  House  of  Commons,  applied  dili« 
gently  to  the  study  of  law,  and  attended  the  debates  in  Parliament.  In 
the  next  year  he  describes  himself  as  speaking  before  the  Chancellor  in 
the  House  of  Lords  on  some  subject  of  Scotch  law  -,  and  in  1806  he  ac-^. 
cepted,  at  the  request  of  Lord  Minto,  a  seat  at  the  Board  of  Comnns- 
sioners  to  adjust  the  claims  of  the  creditors  of  the  Nabob  of  Arcot,  a  seat 
vacant  by  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Ryder,  and  lie  had  already  began  to  chalk 
out  the  line  of  parliamentary  conduct  he  intended  to  pursue,  if  a  seat  should 
be  offered  to  him. 

"  Parliamentary  distinction,**  he  says,  to  political  discussions,  and  I  will  not  do 
'*  forms  now  but  a  very  small  part  of  my  it  by  halves.  Those  departments  of  public 
object.     I  cannot  give  myself  up  wholly     business  in  Parliament,  which  are  con- 


*  See  an  account  of  the  reception  by  the  public  of  the  fint  No.  of  tiiis  Reviewy 
given  by  Mr,  Homer,  vol.  i.  p^.  905. 


1843:]       Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Francis  Horner. 


i 


Aeeted  with  the  studies  and  knowledge  ef  desire  to  be  useful,  because  a  great  field 

ftfrell  educated  lawyer,  or  relate  to  theim-  of  utility  lies  before  one  in  the  present 

prpyements  of  domestic  administration,  re-  circumstances  of  the  country.' ' 
mpun  open  to  me,  and  in  these  I  have  some 

He  also  mentions  ''  Constitutaonal  Law  '*  as  a  parliamentary  <liscus8ion, 
tfie  sound  exposition  of  which  needs  the  combined  accomplishments  of  a 
lawyer  and  practical  statesman,  and  his  ambition  was  to  connect  his  nam^ 
with  One  or  other  of  these  branches  of  public  business.  In  the  end  of  this 
year  he  was  returned  to  Parliament  for  St.  Ive's,  which  he  owed  to  the  friend* 
ship  of  Lord  Kinnaird.  He  sat  till  April,  when  Parliament  was  dissolved^ 
and  he  spoke  only  twice,  and  then  briefly.  In  July  he  was  elected,  by  the 
friendship  of  Lord  Carrington,  for  the  borough  of  Wendover  ;  he  was  then 
in  his  30th  year.  His  next  speech*  was  a  defence  of  Mr.  Burke  from  an 
attack  by  Mr.  William  Dundas  on  the  subject  of  *'  Offences  in  reversion.'* 
On  a  subject  which  in  1809  much  agitated  the  public  mind,  and  affected 
the  character  of  one  of  the  princes  of  the  blood,  Mr.  Horner  thus  ex* 
presses  himself : 


'M  shall  consider  the  impeachment  of 
the  Duke  of  York  by  the  House  of  Com- 
mons as  the  death-knell  of  the  constitu- 
tion, it  will  keep  the  whole  country 
in  a  ferment  for  months ;  the  House  of 
Lords  will  acquit  t  both  houses  will  be 
looked  upon  by  the  public  as  having  con- 
certed this  acquittal ;  and  then  you  have 
^e  alternative  to  expect,  of  an  entire 
prostration    of   all    public  opinion    and 


popular  efforts  before  the  Crown,  or  a 
democratical  anarchy  of  which  no  man 
can  see  the  end.  I  think  these  are  dis- 
tinct public  grounds  upon  which  the 
House  of  Commons  should  refuse  to  im* 
peach  the  Duke;  because  the  present 
case  is  one,  not  for  punishment,  but  for 
future  distrust  and  immediate  removal, 
both  from  the  nature  of  the  evidence,  and 
still  more  from  the  rank  of  the  person, '*  &c. 


When  Parliament  met  in  January  1810  Mr.  Horner  commenced  his 
inquiry  into  the  alleged  depreciation  of  bank-notes,  which  he  afterwards 
continued  to  conduct  with  great  ability  and  knowledge  5  it  was  this  mea* 
sure  which  brought  him  into  general  notice  as  a  member  of  the  House^ 
and  which  was  subsequently  evinced  when  the  public  attention  was  di* 
rected  to  the  important  and  difficult  subject  of  the  currency.  In  May  he 
spoke  on  the  subject  of  the  notices  of  actions  sent  by  Sir  Francis  Burdett^ 
and  of  parliamentary  privilege.  He  also  took  part  in  the  interesting 
debates  on  the  Regency,  and  in  January  of  the  next  year,  1811,  he  was 
offered,  by  Lord  Grenville,  then  forming  a  new  administration,  the  situa? 
tion  of  one  of  the  secretaries  of  the  Treasury,  which  he  declined  accepting. 
We  have  not,  however,  room  to  pursue,  with  any  minute  detail^  the  course 
of  Mr.  Horner  s  parliamentary  career.  The  two  great  subjects  on  which 
he  was  most  distinguished  for  his  knowledge^  and  the  application  of  sound 
principles  of  reasoning,  were  the  questions  of  the  currency  and  the  corn 
laws.  In  1812  he  visited  Scotland,  and  enjoyed  the  society  of  those 
friends  with  whom  be  was  connected  in  early  life,  as  Prof.  D.  Stewart,  and 
Mr.  G.  Wilson,  and  others.  In  April  1813  be  was  returned  for  St.  Mawe*S| 
and  from  this  time  he  began  to  take  a  more  active  part  in  the  general  de- 
bates of  the  House.  In  the  August  of  the  following  year  he  went  on  a 
short  continental  tour  with  his  brother  and  Mr.  S.  A.  Murray.  In  No- 
vember he  was  returned,  and  speaking  on  several  occasions  in  the  House* 
especially  on  the  subject  of  the  revisal  of  the  civil  and  military  establish- 


*  Mr.  Homer  never  published  his  speeches,  nor  except  on  two  occasions,  corrected 
the  report  of  any  of  them. 


8  Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Francis  Horner.        (July, 

mentS;  upon  a  system  of  rigid  economy,  and  on  the  formation  of  such  a 
finance  establishment  as  might  relieve  the  finances  of  the  country.  He 
followed  Sir  James  Macintosh  and  Sir  Samuel  Romilly  in  a  speech  which 
produced  great  eflfect  on  the  treaty  of  peace  signed  at  Vienna  in  1815.  On 
the  25th  of  June  he  addressed  the  House  for  the  last  time  in  the  cause  of 
religious  liberty  and  of  Ireland.  Mr.  Horner  followed  Mr.  Canning  in  a 
speech  in  favour  of  emancipation.  It  was  almost  immediately  subsequent 
to  this  that  we  hear  for  the  first  time  of  his  illness, — symptoms  of  a  pul- 
monary affection  appeared,  which  could  not  be  arrested,  though  it  appeared 
in  so  indefinite  and  indistinct  a  form  as  to  perplex  his  medical  advisers 
and  encourage  hopes  of  his  recovery  even  to  the  last.  In  the  autumn  he 
was  living  at  Dryden,  near  Edinburgh,  but  by  the  advice  of  Drs.  Gregory 
and  Hamilton  and  others,  they  advised  that  the  approaching  winter  should 
be  passed  in  the  softer  climate  of  Italy.  On  this  plan  both  Doctors  Warren 
'  and  Baillie  agreed.  His  brother,  the  author  of  these  volumes,  accompanied 
him  abroad.  Pisa  was  selected  as  the  most  suitable  residence  in  pre- 
ference to  Rome,  where  he  arrived  in  the  end  of  November.  Though 
very  weak,  and  suffering  from  pulmonary  attacks,  he  was  able  to  read,  to 
form  new  and  enlarged  plans  of  study,  to  correspond  with  his  friends  in 
England,  to  discuss  the  policy  of  government,  and  to  urge  the  neces- 
sity of  measures  of  finance  suited  to  the  altered  situation  of  the  country. 
On  the  4th  of  February  he  wrote  an  account  of  his  health  to  his  father, 
in  which  he  made  a  favourable  report  of  himself  ^  the  remainder  of  the  me- 
lancholy history  we  must  abridge  from  the  words  of  his  brother^s  narra- 
tive. Mr.  Horner  at  no  time,  not  even  to  the  last,  apprehended  that  his 
disease  was  likely  to  be  fatal.  Indeed  he  looked  forward  with  confidence  to 
renovated  health,  and  spoke  of  not  being  able  to  resist  a  visit  to  Rome  pre- 
vious to  his  return,  but  his  feelings  of  returning  health  were  an  illusion,  his 
disease  was  fast  approaching  its  fatal  termination,  and  in  four  days  from 
the  date  of  the  letter  mentioned  he  breathed  his  last.  We  shall  pass  over 
the  very  afflicting  details  of  his  last  attack,  and  only  mention  that  on  the 
examination  of  the  body  by  Dr.  Vacca,  an  eminent  Italian  physician  who 
attended  him,  it  was  discovered  that  his  disease  was  not  consumption^  bat 
an  enlargement  of  the  air-cells,  and  a  condensation  of  the  substance  of  the 
lungs,  which  the  sagacity  of  Dr.  Baillie  had  suggested  as  the  probable 
cause  of  the  worst  symptoms, — a  malady  which  no  medical  skill  could  have 
cured.* 


**  Notwithstanding,-'  says  his  brother, 
<<  the  symptoms  of  organic  disease,  and 
their  long  continuance,  I  had  no  serious 
apprehension  of  a  fatal  termination.  On 
the  contrary,  I  felt  an  assurance  that  re- 
novated health  would  come  with  the  ge- 
nial weather  of  spring  in  that  climate. 
My  brother's  cheerfulness,  his  activity  of 
mind,  and  absence  of  all  alarm  about  him- 


self, had  deluded  me  into  this  belief ;  nor 
had  any  warning  expression  of  his  acute 
and  watchful  physician  prepared  me  for 
the  sudden  and  afflicting  blow  which  fell 
upon  me,  aggravated  as  it  was  by  all  that 
my  imagination  brought  before  me,  of  the 
agony  of  those  in  my  distant  home  when 
the  sad  intelligence  should  arrive,"  &c. 


We  shall  now  make  a  few  extracts  from  the  journal  and  correspondence, 
which  at  the  same  time  that  they  exhibit  Mr.  Horner's  power  of  discrimi- 
liation  in  the  observation  of  characters,  and  the  correct  estimate  he  formed 


*  His  disease  was  condensation  of  the  lungs  and  enlargement  of  the  air-cells  to  an 
extent  that  there  are  only  three  instances  of  the  kind  to  be  found  in  the  anatomical 
collections  with  which  Dr.  Baillie  was  acquainted.    The  immediate  cause  of  death 
wa9  increase  of  obstruction  of  the  lungs. 
1 


1 843..^  Memotfi  md  Cornsp<mdenee  bf  Francis  Horner^  ^ 

6(  the  talents  And  acquirements  of  those  with  whom  he  lived  will  convey 
the  still  more  pleasing  impression  of  the  warmth  and  sincerity  of  his  friend- 
ship, and  the  pleasure  which  he  derived  from  the  enlightened  society  into 
which  he  was  so  early  admitted. 


<<  Thig  day  I  dined  at  the  King  of 
Clubs,  which  meets  monthly  at  the  Crown 
and  Anchor  in  the  Strand.  The  com* 
pany  consisted  of  Mackintosh,  Romilly, 
Whishaw,  Abercromby,  Sharp,  Scarlett, 
&c.  Smith  is  not  yet  come  to  town. 
The  conversation  was  very  pleasing  ;  it 
consisted  chiefly  of  literary  reminiscences, 
anecdotes  of  authors,  criticisms  of  books, 
&c.  I  had  been  taught  to  expect  a  very 
different  scene  ;  a  display  of  argument, 
wit,  and  all  the  flourishes  of  intellectual 
gladiatorship,  which,  though  less  perma- 
nently pleasing,  is  for  the  time  more 
striking.  This  expectation  was  not  an- 
swered ;  partly,  as  I  am  given  to  under- 
stand, from  the  absence  of  Smith,  and 
partly  from  the  presence  of  Romilly,  who 
evidently  received  from  all  an  unaffected 
deference,  and  imposed  a  certain  degree 
of  restraint.  I  may  take  notice  of  one  or 
two  particulars  wMch  struck  me  as  the 
characteristic  drfects  of  this  day's  con- 
versation. There  was  too  little  of  present 
activity ;  the  memory  alone  was  put  to 
work  I  no  efforts  of  original  production, 
either  by  imagination  or  the  reasoning 
powers.  All  discussion  of  opinions  was 
studiously  avoided ;  this  could  not  proceed 
f^om  any  apprehension  of  unpleasant  dis- 
cord of 'Sentiment,  for  upon  the  funda- 
mental doctrines  in  religion  and  politics 
the  whole  company  were  certainly  massed 
to  the  same  side  ;  neither  could  it  arise 
from  a  want  of  difference  in  opinion,  in 
deductions  further  removed  nom  first 
principles ;  that  can  never  be  the  case 
with  pow^ul  understandings  that  have 
been  separately  employed:  I  can  only 
explain  the  circumstance,  therefore,  from 
an  erroneous  fashion  or  taste  in  conversa- 
tion. For  I  cannot  help  thinking  that 
the  candid,  liberal,  and  easy  discussion  of 
opinions,  is  the  most  rational  turn  that 
can  be  given  to  the  conversation  of  well- 
educated  men;  it  keeps  the  mind  in  a 
course  of  perpetual  instruction,  as  well  as 
of  discipline  and  regimen  for  the  acquisi- 
tion of  those  habits  which  form  us  to  a 


manly  and  liberal  philosophy.  This  style 
of  conversation  is,  no  doubt,  attended  at 
first  with  great  difficulties ;  but  the  whole 
refinement  of  social  intercourse  consists 
in  the  imposition  of  restraints  ;  all  im- 
provement is  nothing  but  the  removal  of 
obstacles ;  and  perfection  is  merely  a  re- 
lative term,  to  express  the  greater  num- 
ber of  difficulties  which  it  remains  for  us 
to  surmount.  (These  general  reflections 
I  have  here  thrown  out,  because  *  the  idea 
of  a  perfect  conversation '  has  been  very 
naturally  suggested  to  my  foncy  by  the 
scenes  of  which  I  have  lately  been  a  spec- 
tator ;  farther  reflection  may  enable  me 
to  decide  how  far  my  present  idea  is  cor- 
rect, and  farther  observation  to  pronounce 
whether  it  is  practicable.)  I  shall  only 
remark  farther  in  this  place  that  between 
Sharp  and  Mackintosh,  for  example,  there 
seems  to  me  too  much  of  assentation  with 
respect  to  canons  of  criticisms,  &c. ;  as  if 
they  lived  too  much  together  ;  as  if  they 
belonged  to  a  kind  of  sect ;  or  as  if  there 
was  something  of  compromise  between 
them.  Their  principles  of  criticism  and 
taste  appear  to  me  quite  just,  and  formed 
very  much  upon  the  French  school ;  Ra- 
dine  and  Virffilt  the  models  of  poetical 
composition,  and  Cicero,  the  prince  of 
prose  writers  ;  at  the  same  time  they  do 
not  carry  the  principles  upon  which  this 
judgment  is  founded  to  that  cold  and 
dull  extreme,  which  limits  all  excellence 
to  correctness,  and  allows  no  relish  for 
the  wildness  of  untamed  imagination,  or 
the  flights  of  extravagant  eccentric  genius. 
I  rather  apprehend  that  they  even  suffer 
this  indulgence  a  little  farther  than  is 
quite  consistent  with  the  other  ruling 
principle ;  their  admiration  of  Burke,  for 
example,  is  not  qualified  enough;  and 
their  appetite  for  the  nervous  or  flowing 
passages  that  may  with  toil  be  detected  in 
the  obscure  folios  of  some  of  our  old 
English  writers,  '  apparent  rari  nantes  in 
gurgite  vasto,*  betrays  unquestionably  a 
palate  not  fully  gratified  with  the  milder 
relish  of  chastened  excellence.'' 


A  second  party  of  nearly  the  same  persons  which  he  met,  a  few  days 
subsequently,  enabled  Mr.  Horner  to  give  some  additional  touches  to  his 
picture. 

*'  I  dined  at  Mr.  Romilly's,  and  met  a  Mackintosh  and  Smith  associate  together 

party  composed  of  too  many  great  ma-  so  much,  their  line  of  conversation  is  dif- 

teriids   to  produce  much  effect :    Bobus  ferent ;  and  the  former  does  injustice  to 

Smith,    Scarlett,     Mackintosh,    George  his  own  talents  for  discursive  and  descrip- 

Wilson,  Whishaw,  and  Smyth.    Though  tive  conversation,  when  he  forces  them 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX.  C 


10 


Af«moir«  and  Correspondence  o/Franeit  Homer,' 


jtJiIyi 


out  of  their  way  to  an  imitation  of  Smith's 
smartness  and  point  and  sarcasm.  The 
conyersation  of  Romilly  and  Wilson  ap- 
pears to  be  quite  different  from  either  of 
those  two  ;  never  indicating  a  design  to 
display,  but  flowing  from  the  abundance 
of  enlightened,  refined,  and  richly  in* 
formed  understandings.  The  consequence 
of  all  this  yesterday  was,  that  no  one 
had  a  full  unrestrained  course,  and  the 
conversation  was  made  up  of  occasional 
efforts  by  all,  in  which  each  seemed  fet- 
tered by  the  presence  of  the  rest.  All 
this,  however,  is  only  in  comparison  of 
the  expectations  I  had  raised ;  for  the 
tcene  was  quite  new  to  me,  and  was  un- 
questionably distinguished  by  great  talent. 


If  I  were  to  describe  the  Qierit  of  each  by-, 
a  single  word,  I  should  say  that  Scarlett 
shows  subtlety.  Smith  promptitude,  Mac- 
kintosh copiousness,  and  Romilly  refine- 
ment. I  mention  in  Romilly  this  dis- 
tinguishing  character,  both  because  I  have 
seen  in  him  a  remarkable  degree  of  soft- 
ness and  elegance,  and  because  I  was 
rather  hurt  by  a  want  of  sentimental  deli- 
cacy in  Mackintosh  and  Smith.  Upon 
the  whole,  Bobus  is  altogether  the  man 
of  despotic  talent  in  conversation  that  he 
has  always  been  described  to  me  ;  he  has 
something  of  despotic  manner  too;  his 
physiognomy,  of  which  the  forehead  is 
admirable,  indicates  both.*' 


The  next  character  that  appears  is  of  a  different  kind. 


**  This  afternoon  and  evening  were 
spent  in  the  very  agreeable  company  of 
Sydney  Smith,  Playfair,  Alison,  and 
Greathead.  It  is  the  first  time  I  have 
met  with  Alison^  and  I  am  quite  taken 
with  his  conversation :  he  appears  to  me 
to  possess  a  fund  of  diversified  and  mis- 
cellaneous information,  and  to  have  gra- 
dually formed  the  acquisition  not  only 
with  the  vigour  of  an  original  and  reflect- 
ing mind,  but  with  the  temper  of  a  mind 
happily  harmonised,  and  free  from  all  the 
shackles  of  theory  as  well  as  of  prejudice. 
This  information  is  likewise  communicated 
not  only  with  the  most  unaffected  ease, 
and  with  an  air  of  perfect  liberality  and 
candour,  but  with  a  mixed  sensibility  and 
pleasantry  which  I  have  seldom  seen  so 
well  blended  together.  If  I  should  be 
fortunate  enough  to  become  acquainted 
with  Alison,  I  persuade  myself  bis  con- 
versation would  contribute  to  the  melior- 
ation of  my  character.  When  I  recollect 
the  lights  which  my  understanding  has 
received,  and  the  amendment  which  my 
taste  and  passions  have  undergone  from 
the  society  and  conversation  of  a  few  men 
with  whom  I  have  chiefly  associated  of 
late  years, — Hewlett,  Allen,  Lord  W. 
Seymour,  Smith,  Murray,  &c. — I  cannot 
hesitate  to  decide,  that  I  have  derived 
more  intellectual  improvement  from  them 
than  from  all  the  books  I  have  turned 
over.  Their  influence  has  been  the  more 
beneficial  that  each  has  produced  a  dif- 
ferent effect ;  so  that  what  I  have  received 
in  the  form  of  habit  or  sentiment  from 
one  has  not  only  been  enforced  by  what 
the  rest  contributed,  but  corrected  also 
where  there  was  any  degree  of  excess." 

SHARP. 

"  This  morning,  spent  with  Sharps  has 
forced  me  to  attempt  again  a  journal.  He 
is  a  very  extraordinary  man;   I  have  seen 


so  much  of  him  lately,  that  I  determine 
every  day  to  see  more  of  him,  as  much  as 
I  possibly  can.  His  great  subject  is  cri- 
ticism, upon  which  he  always  appears  to 
me  original  and  profound;  what  I  have 
not  frequently  observed  in  combination, 
he  is  both  subtle  and  feeling.  Next  to 
literature,  the  powers  of  his  understand- 
ing, at  once  mgenious  and  plain,  show 
themselves  in  the  judgment  of  characters ; 
he  has  seen  much  of  the  great  men  of  the 
last  generation,  and  he  appears  to  have 
seen  them  well.  In  this  particular,  his 
conversation  is  highly  interesting ;  from 
his  t-alent  of  painting  by  incidents  and 
minute  ordinary  features,  he  almost  car- 
ries you  back  to  the  society  of  those  great 
personages,  and  makes  you  live  for  a 
moment  in  their  presenoe.  He  has  paid 
much  attention  to  metaphysics  also,  and 
appears  to  me  to  praise  the  best  books, 
with  the  exception  of  Hartley,  whom  both 
he  and  Mackintosh  admire  extremely, 
though  in  Scotland  we  are  prohibited  from 
reading  him  by  the  contempt  with  which 
he  is  spoken  of.  I  must  read  him.  But 
I  shall  take  many  other  opportunities  of 
writing  about  Sharp.  We  ran  over  all  the 
title-pages  in  his  room.  I  have  brought 
away  one  or  two  books  to  read  by  his 
advice,  particularly  Fleury,  Du  Choix  et 
de  la  Conduite  des  Etudes.  He  shewed  me 
a  letter  of  Pliny,  lib.  ix,  cap.  10,  which, 
compared  with  two  passages  in  t\itDialogu9 
de  Oratoribus,  (in  both  of  which  the  phrase 
*  nemora  et  lucos'  occurs,)  strikes  him 
as  a  proof  that  that  dialogue  was  really 
written  by  Tacitus.  He  observed  of 
Butler's  Analogy,  that  the  great  merit  of 
that  writer  lies  in  proportioning  his 
language  to  the  degree  of  his  assent,  and 
in  communicating  that  degree  perspicuous* 
ly  to  his  reader :  I  am  too  little  acquainted 
with  the  manner  of  Butler  to  feel  this  to 


Z843.] 


MerAoirs  and  Correspondence  ofFran^  HorHer. 


11 


be  justy  but  I  feel  tbe  remark,  taken 
generally,  to  be  a  most  important  one, 
and  one  to  be  remembered  for  ever  in  the 
accomplishment  of  my  great  objects.  He 
spoke  of  Henderson*  of  Oxford;  that 
though  he  had  much  quackery  before  ig- 
norant people,  to  astonish  them  with  hid 
eccentricities  of  erudition,  which  became 
so  much  a  habit  that  he  was  generally 
quackish  in  the  selection  of  his  subjects, 
the  manner  was  full  of  ability ;  and  that 
he  had  a  very  powerful  understanding. 
The  only  things  ever  printed  by  Hender- 
son were  two  statements,  of  the  arguments 
for  and  against  Necessity,  and  of  the  argu- 
ments for  and  against  Berkleianism ; 
Henderson  was  a  Berkleian  and  a  Neces- 
sarian. Sharp  showed  me  a  curious  do- 
cument about  Junius ;  the  first  collection 
he  made  of  his  letters,  containing  some  of 
a  previous  date,  as  far  back  as  August 
1768,  signed  Lucius ;  the  same  manner 
evidently,  not  yet  perfectly  formed  and 
rounded.  There  are  said  to  be  two  other 
letters  by  the  same  hand,  signed  Domi- 
tian,  *  •  I  was  startled  to  hear  Sharp 
say,  that  the  critical  writings  of  Mar- 
montel  were  unreadable.  I  have  always 
considered  them  almost  evangelically 
orthodox.  *  *  Spent  the  whole  after- 
noon with  Sharp,  I  trust  beneficially,  I 
am  sure  most  delightfully.  He  spoke 
very  actively,  and  sometimes  with  ar- 
dour.    I  begin  to  learn  the  art  of  lis- 


tening— a  difficult  art.  He  talked  to 
me  a  great  deal  about  the  commerce  of 
London,  on  which  he  must  be  extensively 
informed.  I  can  judge  for  myself  that  he 
spoke  with  precision  on  some  interesting 
views  of  it.  I  have  elsewhere  noted  such 
facts  as  I  have  been  able  to  remember. 
We  ended  of  course  upon  criticism,  mi- 
nute criticism  of  English  composition. 
Though  I  boast  of  beginning  to  learn  the 
art  of  listening,  I  have  not  acquired  the 
least  talent  for  putting  questions ;  still 
more  difficult. '* 

G.  Wilson. 
"  I  agree  with  you,  that  I  have  never 
known  anybody  in  life  of  the  same  kind 
as  Mr.  Wilson.  So  circumspect  an 
understanding,  united  with  so  much 
warmth  of  heart,  and  such  refined  sensi- 
bility :  he  had  all  the  caution  which  age 
could  gain,  and  retained  for  every  thing 
that  concerned  the  happiness  of  mankind, 
or  the  welfare  and  reputation  of  his  friends, 
an  ardour  like  that  of  youth.  For  some 
years  past,  he  seemed  to  look  upon  him- 
self as  already  separated  from  the  world ; 
but  looking  upon  every  thing  that  could 
be  seen  to  go  well  in  it  with  an  affection- 
ate interest  and  benevolence.  All  that 
remains  of  him  to  you  and  to  me,  now, 
is  the  memory  of  him ;  and  we  shall,  to 
the  end  of  our  lives,  have  a  gratification 
in  thinking  of  his  goodness,  and  of  the 
kindness  he  felt  for  us.'* 


Again  he  writes  to  Lord  W.  Seymour. 


"  I  was  much  obliged  to  you  for  your 
kind  attention  in  writing  to  me  an  ac- 
count of  the  melancholy  loss  we  have 
suffered  of  our  excellent  friend  Mr.  Wil- 
son. It  was  an  event  I  had  long  antici- 
pated as  too  likely  to  happen  any  day ; 
and  all  that  one  could  wish  on  such  an 
occasion  has  been  granted,  since  he  died 
without  suffering,  and  without  surviving 
his  faculties,  which  I  dreaded  still  more. 
You  saw  enough  of  him  to  estimate 
highly  both  his  worth  and  his  intellectual 
merit ;  but  he  was  one  of  those  who  are 
well  known  only  to  intimate  observers, 
and  whom  a  friend  could  not  know  inti- 
mately without  making  daily  discoveries 
of  virtue  and  wisdom  and  sensibility. 
Under  that  calm  and  cautious  exterior, 
and  behind  that  modesty  which  was  most 
apparent,  there  lay  the  utmost  warmth  of 
heart  and  anxiety  of  kindness,  and  an 
ardour  for  all  good  things  fresh  and  sincere 


as  any  of  us  felt  it  in  youth.  And  the 
wonder  of  all  was,  that  he  had  preserved 
this  through  London  and  through  West- 
minster Hall,  and  through  all  the  habits 
of  a  lawyer's  life.  I  have  seen  no  such 
man  altogether,  and  shall  see  none  such 
any  more.f* 

GRATTAN. 

**  I  have  been  passing  Saturday  and 
Sunday  at  Mr.  Sharp's,  at  Mickleham, 
with  Mr.  Grattan ;  and  it  was  a  very 
agreeable  excursion.  I  went  and  re- 
turned with  Mr.  Grattan,  whose  con- 
versation about  Ireland,  and  especially  the 
past  history  of  Ireland,  as  well  as  upon 
literature,  is  full  of  interest  and  genius. 
He  has  been  giving  me  to-day,  as  we  came 
to  town,  the  history  of  what  was  done  at 
the  famous  period  of  1782 ;  and  he  made 
me  acquainted  with  some  parts  of  that 
great  transaction,  and  particularly  his  own 
share  in  it,  which  I  did  not  know  before. 


*  On  this  person,  so  remarkable  for  his  natural  powers  and  his  extensive  acquire- 
ments, see  our  vol.  xiv.  pp.  132,  136. 

t  For  an  account  of  Mr.  Q,  Wilson,  lee  Romilly'i  Memoirs,  vol.  i.  p.  433t  Ed» 
Ist. 


IS 


Memoin  and  Corretpondenee  of  firmcU  Mornir. 


[Jrfy, 


Thii  little  excursion  wis  on  purpose  to 
hear  the  nightingalee,  for  he  lores  music 
like  an  Itcdian,  and  the  country  like  a 
true-bom  Englishman.  Both  beauties 
•re  in  full  perfection  at  Redley,  where 
there  are  more  nightingales  in  chorus  than 
are  to  be  heard  any  where  else.  He  is 
fall  of  English  and  Latin  poetry,  too, 
and  deals  very  much  in  passages  from 
bothy  when  he  is  at  his  ease  ;  which,  with 
his  ardour  for  Ireland,  and  his  charac- 


teristic sketches  of  pertoni  with  whom  h« 
has  acted  in  public  lifb,  and  a  great  deal 
of  fun,  and  benerolence,  and  tense  aboot 
all  things,  make  him  a  very  entertaining 
companion.  At  the  age  of  serenty,  too, 
for  I  fear  he  is  nearly  as  much,  and  wltli 
the  yeneration  that  Mongs  to  his  name, 
from  the  figure  he  hat  made  in  oar 
politics,  it  is  impossible  not  to  take  a 
deep  interest  in  one  who  renders  himielf 
so  accessible  and  so  instructiTe.'* 


The  following  slight  sketch,  evinces  some  skill  in  physiognomical 
science  3  for  Sir  H.  Davy  possessed  poetical  powers  of  no  vulgar  kind, 
which  if  cultivated,  would  have  led  to  excellence. 


''  I  have  been  once  to  the  Royal  In- 
stitution, and  heard  Davy  lecture  on 
animal  substances  to  a  mixed  and  large 
assembly  of  both  sexes,  to  the  number, 
perhaps,  of  three  hundred  or  more.  It  is 
a  curious  scene  ;  the  reflections  it  excites 
are  of  an  ambiguous  nature ;  for  the  pros- 
pect of  possible  good  is  mingled  with  the 
observation  of  much  actual  folly.  The 
audience  is  assembled  by  the  iofluence  of 
fashion  merely,  and  fashion  and  chemistry 
form  a  very  incongruous  union.  At  the 
same  time,  it  is  a  trophy  to  the  sciences  ; 
one  great  advance  is  made  towards  the 
Msodation  of.  female  with  masculine 
minds  in  the  pursuit  of  useful  knowledge  ; 
and  another  domain  of  pleasing  and  liberal 
inquiry  is  included  within  the  range  of 
polished  conversation.  Davy*s  style  of 
lecturing  is  much  in  favour  of  himself, 
though  not,  perhaps,  entirely  suited  to  the 
place ;  it  has  rather  a  little  awkwardness, 
but  it  is  that  air  which  bespeaks  real  mo- 
desty and  good  sense  ;  he  is  only  awkward 
because  he  cannot  condescend  to  assume 
that  theatrical  quackery  of  manner  which 
might  have  a  more  imposing  effect.  This 
was  my  impression  from  his  lecture.  I 
have  since  met  Davy  in  company,  and 
Iras  much  pleased  with  him ;  a  great 
softness  and  propriety  of  manner,  which 
might  be  cultivated  into  elegance  ;  his 
physiognomy  struck  me  as  being  superior 
to  what  the  science  of  chemistry,  on  its 
present  plan,  can  afford  exercise  for ;  I 
ftneied  to  discover  in  it  the  lineaments 
qf  poetical  feeling,*  * 

WHITBRBAn. 

''  The  event  that  has  most  agitated 
me  since  I  parted  from  you  is  the  death 
of  Whitbread,  which  you  mentioned  with 
sentiments  that  gave  me  a  real  pleasure  ; 
for  I  shall  ever  respect  his  memory,  and 
with  something  like  affection  too,  for  the 
large  portion  of  my  life,  which,  in  a 
certain  sense,  I  consider  as  having  been 
ipassed  with  him,  and  for  the  impression 


he  had  made  upon  me  of  his  b^g  ona  of 
the  most  just,  upright,  and  intrepid  of 
public  men.  As  a  etateeman,  I  never  re- 
garded him  at  all ;  he  had  no  knowledge 
of  men  or  affairs,  to  fit  him  for  administnu 
tion  ;  his  education  had  been  very  limited, 
and  its  defects  were  not  supplied  by  any 
experience  of  real  political  boiiness  t  but 
he  must  always  stand  high  in  the  list  of 
that  class  of  public  men,  the  peculiar 
growth  of  England  and  of  the  House  of 
Commons,  who  perform  great  services  to 
their  country,  and  hold  a  considerable 
place  in  tiie  sight  of  the  world,  by  fear- 
lessly expressing  in  that  assembly  the 
censure  that  is  felt  by  the  public,  and  by 
being  as  it  were  the  organ  of  that  public 
opinion  which,  in  some  measure,  keeps 
our  statesmen  to  their  duty.  His  force 
of  character  ]and  ability,  seconded  by  his 
singular  activity,  had,  in  the  present 
absence  of  all  men  of  geniua  and  as- 
cendancy from  the  House,  given  him  a 
pre-eminence,  which  almost  marka  the 
last  years  of  Parliament  with  the  stamp 
of  his  peculiar  manner.  His  loss  will  lead 
to  a  change  of  this  :  in  all  points  of  taste 
and  ornament,  and  in  the  skill  too  and 
prudence  of  debate,  the  change  may  pro- 
Oably  be  for  the  better ;  but  it  will  be  long 
before  the  people  and  the  constitution  are 
supplied  in  the  House  of  Commons  with 
a  tribune  of  the  same  vigilance,  assiduity, 
perseverance  and  courage,  as  Samuel 
Whitbread.  The  manner  of  his  death 
quite  overwhelmed  me  ;  I  could  think  of 
nothing  else  for  days  together  ;  nor  do  I 
remember,  in  our  own  time,  another  ca- 
tastrophe so  morally  impressive,  as  the 
instantaneous  failure  of  all  that  eonstanoy, 
and  rectitude,  and  inflexibility  of  mind, 
which  seemed  possessions  that  could  bt 
lost  only  with  life ;  yet  all  the  while  there 
was  a  speck  morbid  in  the  body,  which 
rendered  them  as  precarious  as  life  it- 
8elf.«»» 


•  See  also,  p.  325,  Lord  Webb  Seymour's  Observations  on  Mr.  Whitbread's  conduct 
as  a  parliamentary  leader. 


Jd4S.] 


Memoiri  and  Corre^^ondmce  of  ^andi  Horner. 


IB 


BROUGBAM. 

*' Brougham's  success  at  the  bar  is 
prodigious;  much  more  rapid  and  ex* 
tensive  than  that  of  any  barrister  since 
Erskine*s  starting.  I  am  going  down  to* 
morrow  to  hear  bim  in  defence  of  Hunt, 
which  is  a  cause  of  great  expectation.  I 
have  been  present  at  seyeral  arguments  of 
his  in  Banc,  of  which  I  shotdd  not,  to 
say  the  truth,  make  a  very  high  report ; 
that  iS)  in  eomparison  of  his  powers  and 
his  reputation.  Great  reach  and  compass 
of  mind  he  must  ever  display,  and  he 
shows  much  industry,  too,  in  collecting 
information ;  but  his  arguments  are  not 
in  the  best  style  of  legal  reasoning.  Pre* 
oision  and  clearness  in  the  details, 
symmetry  in  the  putting  of  them  to- 
gether, an  air  of  finish  and  unity  in  the 
wh(^e,  are  the  merits  of  that  style ;  and 
there  is  not  one  of  those  quidlties  in 
which  he  is  not  very  defective.  But  his 
desultory  reasonings  have  much  force  in 
some  parts,  and  much  ingenuity  in  others ; 
and  he  always  proves  himself  to  have 
powers  for  another  sort  of  speaking,  and 
a  higher  sort.  What  I  say  now,  applies 
only  to  his  appearances  in  Banc. ;  having 
never  yet  heard  him  address  a  jury.'' 


MACKINTOSH. 

'*  I  am  mightily  amused  with  — — *  *4 
charge  of  plagiarism,  which  I  scarcely 
indeed  understand ;  he  is  a  sensible,  neat 
man  enough,  and  in  his  owu  way  clever, 
but  he  has  no  measure  for  such  und^iv 
standings  as  Burke  and  Fox  and  Mack« 
intosh*  In  the  school  of  Burke,  the  laif 
has  certainly  learnt  much  of  that  practical 
sagacity  and  wisdom  upon  the  politiof 
of  modem  Europe,  for  which  he  is  dis* 
tinguished;  and  something  too  of  the 
false  taste  in  writing  whichmay  occasionaHy 
be  objected  to  him  :  but  to  deny  the  de« 
fence  of  Peltier  a  merit  and  manner 
original,  and  quite  distinct  from  that 
either  of  Fox  or  Burke,  seems  to  me  to 
proceed  from  a  deficiency  in  those  feel- 
ings and  that  comprehension  which  are 
requisite  for  such  large  subjects.  The 
speech  for  Peltier  has  mannerism 
throughout,  and  one  uniform  cast  of 
colouring.  Mackintosh  cannot  then  have 
stolen  from  both;  for  the  manner  of 
Burke  differs  as  much  from  Fox,  as  the 
style  of  Lucan  or  Milton  from  the  style 
of  Lucretius  or  Racine.  You  will  perceive 
this  charge  of  plagiarism  has  a  Uttle  in- 
censed me.*' 


On  another  occasion  Mr.  Horner  writes  to  Mr.  Erskine  at  Portsmouth^ 
then  embarking  with  Sir  James  Mackintosh  for  India. 


"  Grive  my  respects  to  Sir  James  and 
Lady  Mackintosh,  when  you  see  them. 
I  never  pretended  to  express  to  either  of 
them  my  sense  of  the  great  kindness  they 
have  shown  me,  since  I  came  to  London, 
because  I  could  not  express  it  adequately. 
I  shall  ever  feel  it  with  gratitude,  if  I  am 
good  for  any  thing.  To  Mackintosh,  in- 
deed, my  obligations  are  of  a  far  higher 
order  than  those  even  of  the  kindest 
hospitality.  He  has  been  an  intellectual 
master  to  me,  and  has  enlarged  my 
prospects  into  the  wide  regions  of  mored 
speculation  more  than  any  other  tutor  I 
have  ever  had  in  the  art  of  thinking.     I 


cannot  even  except  Dugald  Stewart,  to 
whom  I  once  thought  I  owed  more  thui 
I  could  ever  receive  from  another.  Had 
Mackintosh  remained  in  England,  I  should 
have  possessed  ten  years  hence  powers 
and  views  which  are  now  beyond  my 
reach.  I  never  left  his  conversation  but 
I  felt  a  mixed  consciousness,  as  it  were, 
of  inferiority  and  capability  ;  and  I  hsive 
now  and  then  flattered  myself  with  this 
feeling,  as  if  it  promised  that  I  might 
make  something  of  myself.  I  cannot 
think  of  all  this  without  being  melancholy, 
*  ostendent  tantum  fata,  neque  ultra.'  " 


Again  he  writes  about  the  same  time  to  Lord  Webb  Seymour. 


<<  I  am  glad  you  saw  all  you  could  of 
Mackintosh,  who  is  to  me  a  '  Magnus 
Apollo,'  above  all  the  men  with  whom  I 
am  acquainted.  His  talents  are  of  the 
highest  kind,  and,  of  that  kind,  perhaps 
the  first  in  degree,  Stewart  I  believe 
to  be  as  bright  a  sun,  and  his  lustre  is 
certainly  more  benignant ;  but  Stewart 
yeils  himself  in  an  eclipse,  and  Mack- 
intosh  has  dazzled  me  most.     I  expect  to 

fain  much  from  your  conversation  with 
lackintosh,  and  I  shall  have  the  ad- 
vantage of  having  the  ideas  which  you 
derived  frx)m  him  conveyed  to  me  in  an 


argument  and  in  language  to  which  I  have 
been  accustomed." 

DUOALD  STEWART, 

"  I  don't  know  what  to  say  to  your  ac- 
count of  Mr.  Stewards  plan  of  his  book. 
I  should  like  to  have  all  his  metaphysics, 
and  I  should  like  to  have  all  his  literature, 
and  I  should  like  to  see  him  pay  both 
these  debts,  that  he  might  proceed  forth* 
with  to  discharge  his  farther  engagements 
in  political  economy.  On  all  of  these  sub- 
jects his  views  are  original  and  profound  9 
and  their  originality  consists  so  much  in 
the  comprehensive  form  which  they  have. 


^ 


Memoiri  and  Correipondence  of  Franct$  Horner*         [July, 


assumed  [in  his  mode  of  conceiving  them, 
that  it  can  be  preserved  only  in  his  ex- 
pressions. His  writing  on  literary  and 
moral  topics  is  the  most  popular  in  this 
part  of  the  world  ;  but  Stewart  ought  not 
to  write  for  this  part  of  the  world,  or  for 
this  age  of  the  world ;  he  is  bound  to  feel 
more  courage,  possessing  the  art  of 
writing  as  he  does,  which  always  makes 
such  a  conquest  over  time,  to  say  nothing 
of  that  loftiness  and  sensibility  which 
pervade  his  philosophy,  and  must  insure 
its  success  for  ever,  if  England  has  any 
pretensions  to  immortality.  If  I  could 
naye  my  own  wishes  gratified,  I  confess  I 
should  desire  that  he  would  make  his 
Tiew  of  mind,  intellectually  considered,  as 
enlarged  as  he  has  ever  considered  it,  in- 
cluding all  his  yaluable  suggestions  for 
the  improyement  of  logic  in  the  yarious 
sciences,  even  though  he  should  not  haye 
perseyerance  to  mould  these  into  a  sys- 
tematic shape;  and  that  then  he  would 
proceed  immediately  to  political  philo- 
sophy, in  which  I  am  confident  he  would 
produce  a  work  that  would  excite  great 
attention,  and  impress  a  lasting  influence. 
After  all  the  mischief  that  has  been  done 
of  late  years,  I  am  thoroughly  convinced 
that  the  public  mind,  in  England  at  least, 
is  still  sound  and  susceptible.''* 

ROMILLT. 

**  As  Saturday  drew  near,  my  anxiety 
fbr  Romilly's  first  public  appearance  had 
swallowed  up  every  other  concern.  It 
was  not  that  I  felt  any  doubts  of  his  talent 
for  the  conduct  of  such  an  affair  {Lord 

A  few  days  after  this  he  wrote  as  follows  to  Mrs.  Dugald   Stewart. 
(May  19,  1806.) 


Melville* s  trial)  y  or  that  \  was  not  eren 
quite  sure  he  would  distinguish  himself 
greatly ;  it  was  this  very  confidence  which 
filled  me  with  solicitude  to  witness  all  the 
circumstances  of  an  occasion,  which  was 
to  reward  a  long  course  of  severe  inde- 
pendence, modest  study,  and  the  practice 
of  eyery  yirtue,  by  opening  to  him  a  new 
career  of  utility  and  fame.  He  has  now 
placed  himself  in  his  rank  ;  the  notoriety 
of  his  talents  and  accomplishments  assigns 
him  already  his  station  as  a  public  per- 
sonage, and  the  proofs  he  cannot  fail  yery 
soon  to  display  of  resolute  consistency  in 
political  principles,. will  so  attract  to  him, 
I  am  persuaded,  the  confidence  of  all 
liberal  men,  that  in  the  times  we  haye  to 
observe  or  act  in  he  must  have  the  most 
important  weight  in  the  state.  Among 
the  many  circumstances  which  sadden  me 
respecting  the  race  of  public  men  now 
coming  upon  the  stage*  it  is  a  compensa- 
tion almost  against  them  all,  that,  for  a 
period  at  least,  we  shall  haye  Romilly's 
exertions  and  name  on  the  side  of  liberty 
and  justice.  Perhaps  you  will  think  my 
language  exaggerated ;  I  can  only  say 
that  it  yery  faithfully  expresses  my  pre- 
sent sentiments  and  expectations  ;  though 
it  is  possible  one's  fancy  might  be  heated, 
after  having  long  revered  the  past  tenor 
of  his  life,  to  witness  it  in  the  yery  act  of 
spreading  out  into  a  larger  sphere,  under 
all  the  splendid  circumstances  of  the  au- 
dience and  ceremonial  of  Westminster 
HaU." 


**  Romilly's  success  was  as  great  as  his 
friends  predicted.  He  spoke  for  three 
hours,  and  a  half,  and  his  speech  might 
be  named  as  the  model  of  the  simple 
style.  Had  he  hazarded  more,  he  might 
haye  produced  passages  of  more  striking 
effect  for  a  moment ;  had  he  been  more 
declamatory,  he  would  have  collected 
more  suffrages  in  the  express  praise  of 
his  eloquence.  For  I  haye  heard  it  ob- 
served, that  the  speech  had  nothing  but 
good  sense,  perfect  clearness,  and  a  strong 
cause.    The  fact  is,  he  kept  every  one 


chained  in  attention,  and  made  the  whole 
case  distinct  to  the  dullest.  Particular 
parts  of  the  composition  there  certainly 
were  that  might  be  enumerated  on  ac- 
count of  their  being  more  impressive, 
more  indignant,  more  finely  pointed,. than 
the  rest ;  but  they  were  so  in  keeping  with 
the  whole  that  the  prevailing  tone  was 
only  heightened,  never  interrupted.  One 
might  haye  said  his  taste  was  too  seyere, 
too  simple,  if  it  had  betrayed  itself  by  a 
single  fsdse  step  ;  but  it  was  so  maintained 
throughout,  and  the  execution  all  so  uni- 


*  "  I  read  Stewart's  Life  of  Robertson,  which  is  a  yery  elegant  and  agreeable  pro- 
dtiction,  and  contains  one  or  two  passages  executed  in  Stewart's  happiest  manner. 
Upon  the  whole,  I  do  not  think  him  successful  in  biographical  composition.  His 
conceptions  of  character,  though  formed  with  comprehensiye  design,  want  that  inr 
dividuality  to  which  the  painter  of  portraits  must  descend.  His  genius  for  writing 
belongs  to  a  higher  class,  but  it  is  confined  to  that.  He  is  not  qualified  to  be  the 
first  of  an  inferior  class,  &c."  This  criticism  we  think  to  be  just.  In  his  life  of  Adam 
Smith,  Stewart  omitted  many  anecdotes  relating  to  Smith's  habits  and  manners, 
which  would  have  given  life  and  reality  to  his  narratiye,  and  fullness  and  finish  to  his 
portrait. 


J843.] 


Memoirs  and  Correspondence  0/ Francis  Homer: 


it 


formt  and  the  general  designing  of  the 
speech  in  so  great  a  style,  as  to  give  it  the 
rank  of  the  highest  order  of  compositions. 
It  wanted  only  a  finished  conclusion,  for 
he  ended  abruptly.  He  had  one  prepared, 
but  something,  he  says,  occurred  in  the 
course  of  his  delivery  which  prevented  him 
from  giving  it,  and  he  did  not  like  to  ven- 
ture a  composition  of  that  formal  sort 
upon  the  spot.  I  very  much  suspect 
that  the  fastidiousness  of  his  judgment, 


his  great  modesty,  and  horror  at  anything 
like  display,  rushed  all  back  upon  him 
about  ten  minutes  too  soon.  His  lan- 
guage is  free  from  all  ambition  and  curious 
adaptation,  and  therefore  one  never  re- 
marked felicities  at  the  moment ;  and;  if 
he  used  any  figurative  expressions,  they 
were  so  melted  into  the  substance  of  his 
style,  as  to  produce  their  e£fect  without 
being  noticed." 


The  following  extract  conveys  Mr.  Horner's  impression^  at  the  first 
debate  at  which  he  was  present,  of  the  peculiar  characters  and  power  of 
the  illustrious  orators  of  that  period. 


' '  Fox*8  speech  was  not  eloquent ;  on  the 
contrary,  slovenly  as  to  manner  and 
languid.  Probably  from  an  express  in- 
tention to  restrain  himself  on  personal 
topics,  that  he  might  not  anticipate  Pitt 
in  this  respect ;  he  did  not  sdlude  to 
ministers,  but  confined  himself  to  the  in- 
adequacy of  the  present  arrangements 
for  national  defence,  and  the  means  of 
improving  them  into  a  permanent  system 
by  a  better  plan  of  recruiting,  and  by 
regulations  for  military  exercises  among 
the  peasantry.  All  the  substance  of  his 
speech  was  excellent.  Pitt  gave  us  both 
substance  and  manner,  as  a  debater  of  the 
highest  powers ;  most  explicit  in  his 
declaration  against  ministers,  which  he 
delivered  however  as  if  at  last  after  much 
eonsideration  and  reluctance  ;  but  be  en- 
forced it  with  a  good  deal  of  grave  ve- 
hement declamation  in  his  way,  and  some 
touches  of  that  bitter  freezing  sarcasm, 
which  every  body  agrees  is  his  most 
original  talent,  and  appears  indeed  most 
natural  to  him.  His  speech  was  very 
argumentative  and  full  of  details  ;  through- 
out, the  impression  he  left  was,  and  he 
disguised  very  successfully  his  anxiety  to 
make  this  impression,  that  every  measure 
Government  had  adopted  for  the  national 
defence  originated  from  bis  suggestion, 
which  they  had  marred,  however,  by 
adopting  them  imperfectly,  and  carrying 
them  still  worse  into  execution.  The 
speeches  of  ministers  were  confined,  till 
(Spencer  Percival)  the  Attorney  General 
rose,  to  the  defence  of  the  different  parts 
of  their  military  measures  that  had  been 
attacked.     Percival   took  a  much  more 


judicious  view  of  the  debate,  and  treated 
the  motion  as  if  it  had  been  in  terms  for 
the  dismissal  of  ministers.  This  was  the 
true  mode  of  treating  it,  if  he  could  hav6 
executed  his  idea  with  skill ;  but  his  want 
of  talent  drove  him  to  violence'  and 
extreme  personality,  so  as  to  betray  the 
fury  and  despair  of  his  friends,  or  rather 
their  convulsions  in  death.  His  personal 
abuse  of  Fox  and  Windham  was  vulgar 
and  gross  in  the  extreme ;  but  we  in 
the  gallery  were  much  indebted  to  him, 
for  it  produced  a  masterly  speech  from 
each  in  their  very  different  styles.  Wind' 
ham  repelled  the  personality,  chiefly  by 
the  contrast  of  his  own  manner,  with  great 
fire,  but  perfect  temper,  a  very  polite 
contempt,  and  exquisite  wit.  He  spoke 
not  more  than  ten  minutes,  but  he  re- 
freshed.  one's  mind  from  all  the  bad  feel- 
ings that  Percival  had  given  us.  Fox  treated 
him  after  a  different  regimen,  condemn- 
ing with  much  vehemence  and  indignation 
the  faction  and  ribaldry  he  had  introduced 
into  the  debate  ;  and  defending  his  own 
political  connections  and  conduct  with  aU 
the  manliness  and  simplicity  of  his  best 
manner.  It  is  very  likely  that,  so  soon 
after  the  great  entertainment  I  have  had, 
I  may  be  talking  of  it  in  a  way  that  you 
will  suppose  exaggerated ;  but,  if  it  is  so, 
you  wUl  know  how  to  make  allowances. 
One  feature  of  the  debate  I  must  not  for- 
get, the  fulsome  adulation  paid  by  Tlerney 
and  the  Attorney  General  to  Pitt,  the 
latter  of  whom  said,  '  that  no  event  would 
be  more  agreeable  to  the  country  than  his 
return  to  power,'  a  very  strange  expression 
to  use  in  such  circumstances.'* 


There  is  a  short  account  of  a  debate  (on  the  Spanish  papers)  in  the 
following  year,  which  wc  must  not  omit,  as  it  gives  some  notion  of  the 
style  of  one  of  the  most  remarkable  speakers  in  parliament, — we  mean 
Sir  Wm.  Grant,  the  Master  of  the  Rolls. 

"  I  contrived  to  get  the  second  day  of  was  by  no  means  a  very  satisfactory  dis- 
the  debate  on  the  Spanish  papers.  WilUam  cussion  of  so  important  a  transaction,  nor 
(Murray)  and  I  went  down  together.     It     was  there  much  eloquence  on  either  side. 


1« 


MemtAn  mid  Corretptniene*  ef  Eraitdt  Homer. 


IJ«%, 


Fmt  Wis  T617  sloTenlyi  desultory,  and 
incomplete ;  it  is  imposeible  for  him  to 
■peak  without  inimitable  execution  in 
paita  ;  but  he  took  no  great  range  of  the 
■nbject,  though  one  (I  thought)  most 
■ttitable  to  his  taste  and  best  power,  nor 
did  he  aeem  to  strike  into  the  pith  and 
heart  of  it.  Pitt*s  reply*  was  very  angry 
ftttd  loudi  and  full  of  palpable  misrepresen- 
tations. The  best  hints  as  to  the  real 
substance  of  the  case  gleamed  through 
the  darkness  and  turbidness  of  Dr.  Law- 
iranoe,  who  would  fkirly  have  talked  his 
audience  to  death,  if  they  had  not  coughed 
him  to  silence.  His  expectoration  (to 
use  a  delicate  expression  of  Lord  Ellen- 
borough's)  was  dreadful  to  the  hearer, 
but  seemed  to  be  full  of  knowledge  and 
•ense  and  acuteness,  as  I  have  always 
found  him,  whenever  I  have  had  self- 
command  sufficient  to  listen.  There  was 
one  extraordinary  oration  that  night, — Sir 
William  Grant's — quite  a  masterpiece  of 
bia  peculiar  and  miraculous  manner. 
Conceive  an  hour  and  a  half  of  syllogisms 
■trung  together  in  the  closest  tissue,  so 
artfully  clear,  that  you  think  every 
successive  inference  unavoidable;  so 
rapid,  that  you  have  no  leisure  to  roQect 
where  you  have  been  brought  from,  or  to 


see  where  you  are  to  be  carried,  and  wo 
dry  of  ornament  or  illustration  or  refresh- 
ment,  that  the  attention  is  stretched— 
stretched — racked.  All  this  is  done  with- 
out a  single  note.  And  yet,  while  I 
acknowledge  the  great  vigour  of  under* 
standing  displayed  in  such  performances, 
I  have  a  heresy  of  my  own  about  Grant's 
speaking ;  it  does  not  appear  to  me  of  a 
parliamentary  cast,  nor  suited  to  the  dis* 
cussions  of  a  political  assembly.  The 
effect  he  produces  is  amazement  at  his 
power,  not  the  impression  of  his  sabject ; 
now  this  is  a  mortal  symptom.  Beaidea 
this,  he  gives  me  a  suspicion  of  sophis- 
try, which  haunts  me  through  his  whole 
deduction.  Though  I  have  nothing  im- 
mediately to  produce,  I  foel  dissa&fiad, 
as  if  there  were  something  that  might  be 
said.  And  after  all,  there  are  no  traina 
of  syllogism  nor  processes  of  intricate 
distinctions  in  subjects  that  are  properl]^ 
political.  The  wisdom,  as  well  as  the 
common  feelings  that  belong  to  such 
subjects,  lie  upon  the  surfiMe  in  a  few 
plain  and  broad  lines.  There  is  a  want  of 
genius,  in  being  very  ingenious  about 
them,  and  it  belongs  to  talents  of  the 
second  order  to  proceed  with  a  great 
apparatus  of  reasoning,"  fco. 


That  Mr.  Horner  was  in  politics  a  staunch  Whig  is  well  kdown^  and  his 
attachment  to  the  views  and  principles  of  his  party  was  steadfast  and  deep, 
folly  embracing  the  whole  outline  of  their  policy  ;  but  how  remote  this 
zeal  for  his  party  was  from  the  spirit  of  faction,  and  how  widely  it  was 
separated  in  his  mind  from  what  was  erroneously  and  unhappily  connected 
with  it  in  the  minds  of  some  even  of  the  leaders  of  his  own  side^  is  seen  in 
the  following  extract  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Jeffrey. 


'*  I  am  not  going  to  enter  again  into 
the  argument  of  the  war.  It  is  a  dismd 
subject  to  talk  of  with  those  whom  one 
agrees  with  about  it ;  and  an  irksome  one 
to  differ  upon.  We  now  understand  one 
another's  expectations  and  wishes ;  the 
upshot  of  a  thousand  accidents  will,  a  few 
years  hence,  decide  which  was  more  nearly 
in  the  right.  But  there  is  one  point  on 
which  I  would  rather  not  be  mistaken  by 
you.  You  have  an  idea  that  I  entertain 
more  admiration  and  less  of  hate  for 
Buonaparte  than  you  feel :  you  have 
given  me  a  hint  of  this  more  than  once, 
tiiough  I  do  not  know  from  what  you  can 
have  collected  it.  I  am  the  more  sur- 
prised that  you  should  make  such  a  mis- 
take aboat  me  in  the  particular  instance, 
lor  my  notions  about  him  are  derived  very 
much  from  my  habitual  sentiments   re- 


specting such  personages  and  characters* 
I  have  no  admiration  of  any  mUitary  he- 
roes, coDceiving  it  to  be  the  least  rare  of 
all  the  varieties  of  talent ;  and  I  have  a 
constitutional  aversion  to  the  whole  race 
of  conquerors.  I  never  felt  any  interest 
in  wars,  either  reading  of  them,  or  look- 
ing on  in  our  own  days,  except  on  the 
side  of  the  invaded ;  and  whether  they  bo 
Greeks  or  Persians,  Russians  or  Frenoh, 
my  wishes  have  always  been  in  fisvour  fd 
each  in  their  turn,  for  the  success  of  their 
defence.  You  may  apply  this  at  the  pre- 
sent moment  in  its  fullest  force.  Buona- 
parte never  had  any  sympathy  or  applause 
from  me ;  besides  his  belonging  to  the 
odious  herd  of  military  disturbers  of  the 
world,  his  genius  is  of  so  hard  a  cast,  and 
his  style  so  theatrical,  and  the  magna- 
nimity he  shows  (which  cannot  be  denied 


^  *  For  Windham's  view  of  Pitt's  character  as  a  statesman,  see  voL  i.  p.  315^  in  the 
journal. 

2 


1«43.] 


Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  France's  H(rner» 


M 


Aim)  is  so  far  from  being  simple,  and  is 
80  little  softened  with  moral  affections, 
that  I  never  could  find  in  him  any  of  the 
elements  of  heroism,  according  to  my 
taste.  Conceive  me  to  hate  Buonaparte 
as  you  do,  but  yet  to  wish  as  I  do  fervently 
for  a  successful  resistance  by  France  to 
the  invasion  of  the  Allies,  and  you  are 
pretty  nearly  in  possession  of  all  my 
present  politics.  Could  I  make  the  future 
to   my    mind,   *  sponte   me&  componere 


curas,'  I  would  balance  the  success  of 
the  war  upon  the  frontiers  of  old  France 
very  evenly,  and  would  keep  up  the 
struggle  for  power  at  Paris,  between  Na- 
poleon and  the  constitutional  party.  For 
that  there  is  something  of  a  conflict  and 
compromise,  at  the  present  moment,  be- 
tween the  military  chiefs  and  the  partisans 
of  civil  liberty,  seems  undeniable  ;  it  may 
last  only  for  the  moment,  but  it  is  a  glimpse 
of  better  days,**  &c. 


We  now  turn  from  public  subjects  and  political  discussion  to  give  a 
short  example  of  his  literary  criticism  on  a  work  which  excited  great  at* 
tention  at  the  time,  and  which  abounded  in  accurate  observation,  and 
learning,  at  once  curious  and  profound. 

**  I  have  been  reading,  in  a  desultory  Burke,  or  of  one  who  has  written  so  ex- 
way.  Knight's  book  on  Taste,  and  am  cellent  a  book  as  Price.  la  this  respect 
most  agreeably  surprised  with  the  variety     he  may  have  borrowed  too  much  from  the 


of  pleasant  instruction  it  conveys.  I  had 
expected  no  such  thing,  I  have  not  yet 
looked  very  narrowly  into  its  philosophy, 
but  the  practical  remarks  on  books, 
buildings,  and  manners,  appear  to  me 
very  spirited  and  just,  and,  though  now 
and  then  tinctured  with  an  ambition  of 


tone  of  conversation.  When  I  have  lei- 
sure to  read  the  work  regularly,  I  mean 
to  look  very  closely  whether  he  is  himself 
quite  consistent  and  sufficiently  compre- 
hensive in  the  doctrine  of  ansociaiionSf 
which  I  rather  suspect  is  not  the  case 
with  him,  nor  in  his  view  of  the  pheno- 


newness,  remarkably  free  from  the  narrow  mena  of  sympathy.     In  the  last  doctrine^ 

uniformity  of  any  system  or  school.     The  at  least,  I  have  as  yet  met  with  very  few 

style,  too,  though  a  little  careless,  some-  who  are  aware  of  all  that  has  been  done 

times  more  than  a  little  vulgar,  has  the  for  them  by  Adam  Smith,  whose  work, 

great  charm  to  me  of  being  a  spoken  however  imperfect  as  a  theory  of  moral 

style,  and  quite  refreshing  after  the  solemn,  sentiments,  always  seemed  to  me  the  most 

languid,  tight -laced  form  in  which  every  scientific  and  acute  description  we  have 

book  is  now  written.     Knight,  to  be  sure,  yet  received  in  any  branch  of  what  may 


has  little  grace,  but  much  animation.  In 
his  philosophy,  I  fancy  he  is  upon  the 
right  track  at  least;  though  I  scarcely 
believe  it  ever  answers  any  good  pur- 
pose to  treat  with  so  much  levity  and 
even  petulance  the  errors  of  a  man  like 

On  the  same  subject  he  writes  to  Sir  James  Mackintosh^  then  at  Bom- 
bay. 


be  called  the  Natural  History  of  the 
Mind.  This  analysis,  I  am  persuaded, 
contains  in  it  the  means  of  explaining 
many  of  our  difficulties  both  in  criticism 
and  morals." 


**  We  have  had  few  new  books  of  late. 
Mr.  Payne  Knight's  on  Taste  has  at- 
tracted more  notice  than  any  other,  and 
you  would  read  it,  I  am  very  sure,  with 
avidity ;  he  rambles  through  such  a  variety 
of  topics  ;  always  trying  originality  ;  with 
entire  freedom  ;  and  though  not  without 
paradox  as  well  as  licence,  yet,  upon  many 
occasions  just  and  acute.  I  have  heard 
both  Mr.  Fox  and  Mr.  Windham  speak  in 
praise  of  the  book,  and  with  even  less 
qualiflcation  of  their  praise  than  I  should 
have  acquiesced  in.     He  is  often  wrong, 


I  think,  and  petulant  in  the  manner  of 
being  so ;  and  there  seem  to  me  some 
gross  heresies  of  taste,  particularly  in  re- 
gard to  Milton.  Yet  I  have  certainly  de- 
rived some  profit,  in  addition  to  great 
pleasure,  from  reading  most  part  of  it 
more  than  once.  Mr.  Fox  particularly 
admires  the  view  given  of  Achilles  s  cha- 
racter ;  it  is  very  fine  :  and  I  may  add 
that  Mr,  Windham  had  announced  hU 
admiration  of  the  work  before  he  came 
to  that  passage  in  which  you  will  find 
much  good  sense  about  boxing t"*^  8fc, 


The  following  letter  is  to  the  Hon.  William  Spencer,  and  it 
appears  to  us  to  convey  a  just  apprehension  of  a  question  on  which  much 
criticism  had  been  wasted,  from  a  misapprehension  of  the  true  meaning  of 
words,  and  the  power  of  association  had  not  been  sufficiently  attended  to ; 
we  allude  of  course  to  the  correspondence  on  th«  subject  of  the  song  of 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX.  D 


i6  Memoifi  and  Correipondence  of  JFVonctf  Homer.         [Julyi 

the  nightingale  between  Mr.  Fox  and  Lord  Grey,  in  which  both  of  these 
illastrions  persons  totally  misunderstood  the  meaning  of  the  word  '*  mery  ** 
as  employed  by  our  older  writers. 

*'  I  am  amoBed  with  your  interrogatory  one  feels  at  the  close  of  the  day,  and  from 

to  me  about  the  nightingale's  note.    You  the  stillneAs  of  spirits  and  elevation  of 

Yneant  to  put  me  in  a  dilemma,  with  my  mind  which  come  upon  one  walking  out 

politics  on  one  side,  and  my  gallantry  on  at  that  time.     But  it  is  not  always  so  ; 

the  other.     Of  course  you  consider  it  as  different  circumstances  will  vary  in  every 

a  plaintive  note  ;  and  you  were  in  hopes  possible  way  the  effect.   Will  the  nightin* 

that  no  idolater  of  Charles  Fox  would  gale's  note  sound  alike  to  the  man  who  is 

venture  to  agree  with  that  opinion.     In  going  on  an  adventure  to  meet  hia  mis- 

this    difficulty,   I  must  make  the    best  tress,  supposing  heheeds  it  at  all,  and  when 

escape  I  can,  by  saying  it  seems  to  me  he  loiters  along  upon  hia  return?    The 

neither    cheerful    nor    melancholy  ;  but  last  time  I  heard  uie  nightingale,  it  was 

always  according  to  the  circumstances  in  an  experiment  of  another  sort ;  it  wai 

which  you  hear  it,  the  scenery,  your  own  after  a  thunder-storm,  in  a  wild  night, 

tamper  of  mind,  and  so  on.     I  settled  it  while  there  was  rilent  Ughtning  opening 

•o  with  myself  early  in  this  month,  when  every  few  minutes,  first  on  one  ride  of  the 

I  heard  them  every  night  and  all  day  long  heavens,  then  on  ths  other ;  the  carriees 

at  Wells.    In  daylight,  when  all  the  other  little  fellow  was  piping  away  in  the  midst 

birds  are  in  concert,  the  nightingale  only  of  all  this  terror  i  there  WM  no  melanohc^y 

ttrikes  you  as  the  most  active,  emulous,  in  his  note  to  me,  but  a  tortof  sublimity ; 

and  successful  of  the  whole  band.    At  yet  it  was  the  same  song  which  I  had  heaird 

night,  especially  if  it  is  a  calm  one,  with  in  the  morning,  and  which  then  seemed 

light  enough  to  give  you  a  wide  indistinct  nothing  but  bustle.    I  sospeot  I  have  been 

view,  the  solitary  music  of  this  bird  takes  quite  sentimental  upon  thk  most  trite  of 

quite  another  character,  from  all  the  as-  all  subjects.'* 
lociations  of  the  scene,  from  the  languor 

The  testimonies  to  Mr.  Homer^s  character  in  the  House  of  Commoiis  were 
given  by  men,  themselves  of  the  greatest  weighty  from  their  station  and 
talents ;  by  Lord  Morpeth  (now  Earl  of  Carlisle),  by  Mr.  Canning,  Mr.  Man- 
ners Sutton,  Sir  S.  Romilly,  Mr.  W.  Elliot,  and  others  -,  and  his  more  intimate 
friends,  Mr.  D.  Stewart,  Sir  James  Mackintosh,  his  tator.  Rev.  John 
Hewlett,  Dr.  S.  Parr,  and  Mr.  Sydney  Smith,  have  each  contribated  to 
bear  record  to  the  virtues  of  his  mind,  to  his  clear  and  enlightened  under- 
standing,  to  his  various  and  solid  acquirements,  to  his  candour  towards 
Ilia  political  opponents,  to  his  unimpeachable  integrity  in  public  engagements 
and  duties,  and  to  those  affections  and  that  tenderness  of  friendship  which 
endeared  him  to  all  in  the  intercourse  of  private  life.  It  is  with  great  and 
unmixed  gratification  that  this  part  of  the  publication  will  be  perused  by 
all,  and,  high  as  the  language  of  praise  rose  from  the  lips  of  all  respecting 
the  rank  he  had  already  attained  by  the  strength  of  his  exertions,  they  afi 
agreed  that  it  could  only  be  looked  u|)on  as  the  harbinger  of  his  maturer 
fame,  and  as  tlio  presage  and  the  anticipation  of  a  more  exalted  reputation. 
Mr.  ('anning  bore  witness  to  Mr.  Horner's  possession  of  qaalihcations 
eminently  calculated  to  obtain  and  claim  success,  to  his  soand  principles, 
hiH  enlarged  views,  his  various  and  accurate  knowledge,  the  even  tenour  of 
Ilia  manly  and  tcmpci-atc  cUKjucnce,  the  genuineness  of  his  warmth  when 
Into  warmth  he  was  l)etrayed — and  above  all  to  the  singular  modesty 
witli  which  he  bore  all  his  faculties,  and  which  shed  a  grace  and  lustre 
over  them  all.  *' These  qualifieations,"  he  said,  *' added  to  the  known 
blnmeleHHuesH  and  purity  of  his  private  character,  did  not  more  endear  him 
to  hilt  friendN,  than  they  commanded  the  respect  of  those  to  whom  he  was 
oppoHed  in  adverse  j^mlitics.  They  ensured  to  every  effort  of  las  abilities  an 
atleniive  and  favouring  audience,  and  secured  for  him,  as  the  result  of  all, 
A  solid  Olid  uucuvied  reputation.*'    Sir  Samuel  Romilly  mentioned^  as  a 


1843.]  Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Francis  Homer,  Id 

circumstance  to  increase  the  general  regret  at  his  loss,  '*  How  in  every 
year  since  his  lamented  friend  had  first  taken  part  in  their  debates^  his 
talents  had  been  improving,  his  faculties  had  been  developed^  and  his 
commanding  eloquence  had  been  rising  with  the  important  subjects  on 
which  it  had  been  employed — ^how  every  session  he  had  spoken  with  still 
increasing  weight  and  authority  and  effect^  and  had  called  forth  new  re- 
sources of  his  enlightened  and  comprehensive  mind — and  not  be  led  to 
conjecture  that^  notwithstanding  the  great  excellence  which^  in  the  last 
session^  he  had  attained^  yet  if  he  had  been  longer  spared  he  would  have 
discovered  powers  not  yet  discovered  to  the  House^  and  of  which,  perhaps^ 
he  was  unconscious  himself,"  8tc.*  To  these  and  other  honourable  tes- 
timonies of  bis  parliamentary  friends  may  be  added  the  more  delicate  and 
carefully  finished  portraits,  drawn  by  the  hand  of  philosophy,  and  seen  in 
the  writings  of  D.  Stewart  and  Mackintosh.  '^  Of  the  extent  and  variety 
of  his  learning  (the  former  writesf),  the  depth  and  accuracy  of  his  scien- 
tific attainments,  the  classical  (perhaps  somewhat  severe)  purity  of  his 
taste,  and  the  truly  philosophical  cast  of  his  whole  mind,  none  had  better 
opportunities  than  myself  to  form  a  judgment  in  the  course  of  a  friendship 
which  commenced  before  he  left  the  University,  and  which  grew  till  the 
moment  of  his  death.  But  on  these  rare  endowments  of  his  understand- 
ing, or  the  still  rarer  combination  of  virtues  which  shed  over  all  his  mental 
gifts  a  characteristical  grace  and  a  moral  harmony^  this  is  not  the  place  to 
enlarge.  Never,  certainly,  was  more  completely  realised  the  ideal  portrait 
so  nobly  imagined  by  the  Roman  poet,  *  a  calm  devotion  to  reason  and 
justice,  the  sanctuary  of  the  heart  iindefiled,  and  a  breast  glowing  with  inborn 
honour," '  &c.  His  tutor,  Mr.  Hewlett,  has  given  his  warm  and  affec- 
tionate, but  still  considerate  and  careful  testimony  both  to  the  powers  of 
his  intellect  and  the  virtues  of  his  mind  ;  Doctor  Samuel  Parr  has  added 
some  of  his  avTlBera  and  Kofjifiara,  as — '*  he  had  cheerfulness  without 
levity,  and  seriousness  without  austerity," — and  so  on  ;  and,  lastly,  Mr. 
Sydney  Smith  has  committed  to  paper  his  early  recollections  of  the  com- 
panion of  his  studious  hours  and  social  recreations. 

**  There  was  something,"  he  says,  **  very  sway.  He  had  an  intense  love  of  know- 
remarkable  in  his  countenance* — the  com-  ledge ;  he  wasted  very  little  of  the  portion 
mandments  were  written  on  his  face,  and  of  life  conceded  to  him,  and  was  always 
I  have  often  told  him  there  was  not  a  improving  himself,  not  in  the  most  foolish 
crime  he  might  not  commit  with  im-  of  all  schemes  of  education,  in  making 
ponity,  as  no  judge  or  jury  who  saw  him  long  and  short  verses  and  scanning  Greek 
would  give  the  smallest  degree  of  credit  choruses,  but  in  the  masculine  pursuits  of 
to  any  evidence  against  him  :  there  was  in  the  philosophy  of  legislation,  of  political 
his  look  a  calm  settled  love  of  all  that  was  economy,  of  the  constitutional  history  of 
honourable  and  good — an  air  of  wisdom  the  country,  and  of  the  history  and 
and  of  sweetness  ;  you  saw  at  once  that  he  changes  of  Ancient  and  Modem  Europe, 
was  a  great  man,  whom  nature  had  in-  He  had  read  so  much,  and  so  well,  that 
tended  for  a  leader  of  human  beings  ;  you  he  was  a  contemporary  of  all  men,  and  a 
ranged  yourself  willingly  imder  his  ban-  citizen  of  all  states,"  &c. 
ners,   and    cheerfully    submitted    to  his 

*  The  speeches  in  the  House  of  Commons  by  the  different  members  were  printed 
for  private  circulation,  and  translated  into  Italian  by  Ugo  Foscolo,  and  a  few  copies 
also  of  the  translation  were  printed  and  dedicated  to  Mr.  Henry  Fox,  son  of  Lord 
Holland.    See  vol.  ii.  p.  427. 

t  Dissert,  on  the  Progress  of  Metaphysical  and  Political  Philosophy,  &c.  in  Encycl. 
Brit.  7th  ed.  note  c,  p.  236. 

X  This  reminds  us  of  some  one  (we  cannot  recollect  who)  saying  **  that  Lord  Thur- 
low's  coimtenance  was  loo  wise  for  any  human  being  to  have.'' 


30 


Memitirt  and  C&rretpmtdmet  ofFrtmcit  Horneir. 


IJnly. 


Of  the  degree  of  Mr.   Horner's  moral  feeling  on  subjects  which  lie 
deemed  essentially  important,  Mr.  Smith  has  given  a  carious  instance. 


room ;  we  flung  up  the  sash,  and,  with  loud 
peals  of  laughter,  professed  ourselves 
decided  Scandinaviant :  we  offered  him 
not  only  the  ships,  but  all  the  shot,  pow- 
der, cordage,  and  even  the  biscuit,  if  he 
would  come  back  :  but  nothing  could  turn 
him  ;  and  it  took  us  a  fortnight  of  serious 
behaviour  before  we  were  forgiven." 


'*  He  loved  truth  so  much,  that  he  never 
could  bear  any  jesting  upon  important 
subjects.  I  remember  one  evening  the 
late  Lord  Dudley  and  myself  pretended  to 
justify  the  conduct  of  the  Government  in 
stealine;  the  Danish  fleet ;  we  carried  on 
the  argument  with  some  wickedness 
against  our  graver  friend  ;  he  could  not 
stand  it,  but  bolted  indignantly  out  of  the 

It  will  be  seen  that  amid  the  warm  and  attractive  eulogy  of  his  departed 
friend,  Mr.  Smith  has  interposed  a  judicious  episode  upon  the  errors  of 
academical  education,  and  on  the  valuable  time  wasted  on  the  needless 
refinements  of  classical  leaniing,  especially  as  regards  the  labonr  expended 
on  polishing,  scrubbing,  filing,  and  grinding  sundry  stubborn  metres  of 
the  Greek  tragedians,  and  on  the  arts  of  curiously  inlaying  and  dovetail- 
inn;  the  delicate  materinl  of  the  ancient  choruses,  to  which  employment 
many  ingenious  and  learned  gentlemen  have  bound  themselves,  as  they 
consider  for  the  benefit  of  the  community.     Whether  to  be  great  in  longs 
and  shorts,  is  an  atchievement  worthy  of  an  enlarged  mind  we  do  not  say. 
There  are  illustrious  men  now  living  who  have  expended  all  the  strength 
their  understandings  in  the  regulation  of  iambic  dipods,  of  ithyphailics, 
and  anapaestic  dimeters ;  and  who  would  be  surprised  and  shocked  to  hear 
that  there  was  any  subject  more  worthy  of  their  investigation  than  ad- 
justing the  dislocated  members  of  a  trochaic  catalexis,  or  putting  an 
iautbic  and  ischiorrhagic  pertthimemer  safely  on  his  legs.    But  so  earnest  and 
energetic  are  Mr.  Smith's  effusions  on  this  subject,  that  we  are  assured 
he  has  some  proper  and  peculiar  cause  for  complaint ;  that  his  hatred  of 
paeons  and  choriambics  exceed  the  natural  measure  of  offence  which  they 
might  reasonably  give  to  gentlemen,  educated  upon  systems  in  which  they 
are  excluded.      To  be  sure  we  do  not  exactly  see  why  making  Latin 
verses  and  correcting  errors  in  Greek  manuscripts  incapacitates  a  man 
for  the  philosophy  of  legislation^  or  prevents  his  acquiring  the  know- 
ledge of  the  history  of  modern  Europe.     We  believe  that  Mr.  Fox  and 
Lord   Wellesley  and  Mr.  Canning  and  Lord  Holland  and  Mr.  H.  Frere, 
cum  multis  aliis,  occasionally  employed  their  leisure  hours  in  such  learned 
recreations,  much  to  the  drlight  of  their  friends,  which  they  could  not  suc- 
cessfully have  done,  unless  the  principles  and  laws  which  regulate  metrical 
composition  in  the  classical  languages  had  been  familiar  to  them  from  their 
youth  )  and  the  Mvste  Etonenses  have  made  known  the  early  success  of  their 
acquirements.     But  in  sober  truth  we  are  fully  persuaded  that  there  is  in 
Mr  Smith's  mind  a  distinct,  particular,  and  unequivocal  dislike  to  this 
branch  of  study,  how  generated  ue  do  not  know:  an   idiosyncrasy  that 
cannot  be  altered,  or,  as  the  member  for  Marylebone  would  call  it,  a 
monomania  that  cannot  be  relieved.     It  has  existed,  we  recollect,  for  many 
years.     It  broke  out  with  great  violence  about  thirty  years  ago  ;  and, 
though  it  seemed  to  give  way  under  some  very  severe  remedies  that  were 
then  applied,  it  has  now  re-appeared,  and  will  probably  continue  during  the 
remainder  of  his  life.     Under  these  circumstances   we  must  regret  that 
Mr.  Smith  should  be  so  unhappily  situated  as  he  is  now,  even  in  the  very 
centre  of  the  enemy's  ( amp.     Why   Christ-church  itself,  all  rough  and 
horrid  with  Greek,  where  every  *'canon*'  is  a  "canon  of  criticism^*'  would  bc 


1843.]  Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  F*ranc9S  Homer,  ^l 

a  sanctuary  compared  to  where  he  now  is.  He  might  as  well  live  in  the 
metropolis  of  Dindorf,  or  lodge  under  the  roof  of  Herman.  There  are 
at  St.  Pauls  the  •*  Prolusiones  Poeticae "  of  the  learned  Dean  on  one 
side  of  him,  and  Mr.  Canon  Tate  with  the  "  Leges  Metricse  Horatianae  " 
on  the  other.  Right  or  left  he  must  still  meet  the  '*  accursed  thing.**  If 
he  flies  to  the  West  End,  to  the  more  genial  influences  of  May  Fair,  there 
is  Lord  Brougham  ready  with  his  Greek  hexameters,  and  Sir  Henry 
Halford's  pocket  filled  with  his  Latin  epigrams, — we  do  not  know  what  to 
advise,  but  in  this  case,  as  in  many  others,  we  may  presume  that  gentle- 
men in  their  desire  to  attain  ecclesiastical  honours,  have  forgotten  their 
early  progress  on  the  Aonian  Mount,  and  in  their  study  of  the  *'  Liber 
Regis,*'  have  ceased  to  recollect  the  Gradus  ad  Parnassum. 


SWINDON  CHURCH,  GLOUCESTERSHIRE. 

(Wiih  a  Plate.J 


Mr.  Urban, 

HAVING  learnt  that  the  old  church 
of  St  Lawrence  at  Swindon,  near 
Cheltenham,  is  about  to  be  consider- 
ably  altered,  I  beg  to  put  upon  record 
in  your  Magazine  the  following  ac- 
count of  it  as  it  existed  a  few  years 
ago. 

This  interesting  church  consists  of  a 
chance^  a  nave,  with  north  and  south 
nave  aisles,  a  flat- roofed  hexagonal 
tower  at  its  west  end,  and  a  quadran- 
gular northern  porch.  The  width  of 
the  chancel  and  the  nave  is  equal,  viz. 
12rt.  6in.  but  that  of  the  aisles  is  un- 
equal. The  tower  is  irregular,  both 
as  to  its  sides  and  angles,  and  the 
porch  is  also  irregular,  abutting  due 
northward  from  the  north-east  side  of 
the  tower.  The  extreme  length  of  this 
church,  internally,  is  about  60  feet, 
and  its  present  extreme  breadth  36. 

It  would  seem)  however,  that  this 
edifice  originally  consisted  only  of  the 
chancel,  nave,  and  tower,  and  that 
the  south  aisle,  the  porch,  and  the 
north  aisle,  were  added  at  different 
periods,  between  the  fifteenth  and 
seventeenth  centuries,  in  the  order 
just  enumerated — its  piers  being,  ap- 
parently, portions  of  the  old  nave 
walls,  through  which  their  present 
arches  were  opened  when  the  aisles 
were  severally  built. 

The  south-aisle  pier  has,  against  its 
northern  face,  a  pilaster  whose  capital, 
or  rather  impost,  is  a  square  abacus 
with  chamfered  underedge.  from  which, 
conjointly  with  a  tablet-like  continu- 
ation of  it  around  this  pier,  and  from 
similar  tablets  on  each  of  the  wall  piers 
arise  two  semicircular  archivolts  with 
ft  retiring  fascia^Uke  eub-arch ;  but 


on  its  southern  face  these  arches  are 
single,  there  being  no  pilaster.  The 
arch  into  the  north  aisle  was  cer- 
tainly made,  as  I  have  above  sup- 
posed, by  breaking  through  the'  old 
nave  wall,  and  is  a  wide  obtusely 
pointed  archway  with  chamfered 
angles. 

The  archway  between  the  nave  and 
tower  was,  however,  formed  at  the 
first  building  of  this  church.  Its 
archivolt,  westward,  has  the  fascial 
subarches  represented  in  the  accom- 
panying Plate ;  but,  eastward,  it  is  a 
simple  semicircle  springing  from  wall 
piers  with  imposts,  like  that  of  the 
south  aisle  pier,  which  are  continued 
around  them,  and  along  the  nave  walls, 
as  a  string  course. 

From  the  existence  of  some  corbels 
at  the  conjunction  of  the  nave  and 
chancel  walls,  it  would  seem  that  there 
was  once  a  rood  loft,  approached  by 
stairs  in  a  regular  rood  turret,  of  which 
a  ruinous  mass  of  masonry  outside 
was  probably  the  foundation. 

The  most  interesting  feature  of  this 
Church  is  its  tower,  which  is,  as  afore- 
said, not  a  regular  hexagon  ;  having  its 
western  side  longer  than  the  others, 
and  its  N.W.  and  S.W.  angles  of  65 
degrees,  while  the  southern  angle  is 
only  of  50,  as  1  presume  the  northern 
angle  also  to  be.  But  it  is  difficult  to 
speak  on  this  point  accurately,  some  of 
its  angles  and  sides  being  enveloped 
in  the  more  modern  parts  of  this  church, 
and  the  tower  walls  now  varying  in 
thickness  from  2  feet  2  inches,  to 
nearly  3  feet.  Interiorly,  at  each 
corner  is  a  slender  half-engaged  co- 
lumn, but  their  capitals  are  hidden  by 
a  gallery,  abovQ  which  arQ  three  6or% 


tt 


Swimdon  Ckurdk,  Okmeetteniire, 


[Jnly, 


belt,  ODce  tlie  support  of  the  belfry  or  of 
a  chamber,  and  which,  from  the  ab- 
sence of  any  interior  staircase,  and 
certain  traces  of  a  stair  and  doorway 
on  Its  outside*  could  have  been  only 
thereby  entered. 

The  pavement  of  this  tower  is  lower 
than  that  of  the  nave,  and,  if  originally 
to,  such  disparity  is  perhaps  indi- 
cative of  its  having  been  a  galilee  or 
aarthei  for  penitents,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  higher  nave  for  less 
unholy  persons,  and  to  the  still  more 
elevated  floors  of  the  chancel  and 
sanctuary  for  the  priesthood. 

Another  peculiarity  of  Swindon 
Church  is  the  position  of  its  ancient 
entrance,  which  is  not,  (as  one  would 
expect  from  the  shape  of  the  tower,) 
through  its  west  end,  but  through  its 
north-east  side.  This  entrance  is  a 
semicircularly-headed  archway  adorn- 
ed with  two  round  mouldings  springing 
fh>m  nooked  columns,  the  capitals  of 
which  consist  of  a  cleft  cushion  under 
an  abacus  similar  to  that  of  the  other 
parts  of  this  building.  The  exterior 
doorway  of  the  porch,  and  a  doorway 
into  the  south  aisle,  are  of  Tudor 
form,  but  without  the  characteristic 
square  head. 

I'he  upper  windows  of  the  tower 
have  two  semicircularly-headed  open- 
ings divided  by  a  balustre*  like  shaft 
with  an  early  Norman  capital.  Below, 
in  the  western  fkce.  has  been  intro- 
duceil  a  (H)intod  window  under  a 
t)owere<l  dripstone  on  corbels.  But 
otherwise  this  tower  is  unadorned  ex- 
cept by  a  string  course  under  its  pre- 
sent caves.  The  only  other  windows 
of  this  church  deserving  notice  are 
two  tretoliatcd  lancets  in  the  north 
wall  of  the  chancel  i  the  east  window, 
and  a  window  of  the  south  aisle  con- 
taining stained  glass  figures  of  the 
Virgin  and  an  ecclesiastic. 

The  pincina  has  a  trefoiled  head,  an 
ornamented  »ink,  a  lip|>eil  bottom,  and 
a  aheU\  Th^  font,  unpn^perly  placed  in 
the  chancel,  is  a  quatrefvnled  octagon 
u|Hm  a  nanelled  shaO.  with  a  square 
Ikase*  Tne  pulpit  i^also  misplaced  in 
the  chancel,)  is  neat,  as  are  the  altar 
and  sanctuary  rails.  In  the  north 
aisle*—the  manorial  burial  place — is 
HU  antique  chest  \  and  against  its  walls 
ui\»  memorials  of  Sturmy  A.D.  1650, 
and  of  Shalford  177^  Ami  1787  ;  in  the 
nMf  of  Surman  1779»  and  Long  1794^ 
m4  la  Uk»  chiuotl  of  Slopfbrd  1837. 


I  cannot  conclude  this  account  with- 
out  deprecating  the  alterations  pro- 
posed to  be  made  in  this  church  ac- 
cording to  a  plan  designed  by  Mr. 
Fulijames,  architect  and  county  sur- 
veyor, and  of  which  prints  have  been 
circulated  under  the  sanction  of  its 
reverend  Rector. 

This  plan  chiefly  consists  in  the  re- 
moval of  the  internal  massive  walls 
and  piers  of  the  nave,  together  with 
the  south  and  west  walls  of  the  south 
aisle;  retaining  the  present  chancel, 
the  north  aisle,  and  the  east  wall  of 
the  south  aisle.  But  the  tower  it  is 
proposed  to  disfigure  by  making  an 
opening  through  its  south-eastern 
wall  into  a  vestry,  whereby  its  cha- 
racter would  be  at  once  obliterated, 
and  its  stability  materially  impaired  ! 
and  instead  of  the  piera  in  the  nave, 
pillars  of  light  and  meagre  character 
are  to  be  substituted ; — theee  altera- 
tions, which  will  cost  not  less  than 
1, 100/.  or  1,200/.  providing  only  an  ac- 
cession  of  fifty- seven  sittings.  We 
must  further  remark  that  the  tower- 
cornice,  as  represented  in  Mr.  FuII- 
james's  design,  is  clumsy  and  un- 
sightly ;  and  that  a  short  conical  spire 
would  be  the  termination  most  appro- 
priate to  the  style.  But  why  not 
leave  the  tower  in  its  present  singular 
semi- ecclesiastical  and  semi-castel- 
lated character?  We  have  no  doubt 
that  the  exclusion  of  the  weather,  and 
a  few  iron  ties,  judiciously  applied, 
are  all  that  it  requires ;  and,  should  a 
larger  church  be  necessary  for  the  in- 
creasing population  of  Swindon  parish, 
let  a  new  one  be  built»  retaining  the 
interesting  old  tower,  as  its  western 
end.  and  in  accordance  with  its  Nor- 
man character. 

Yours,  &c.    Plantaobnbt. 


Mr.  URBA!«f, 

AS  the  subject  of  the  horse's  head  or 
3/etTy  L/iryc/has  lately  been  discussed 
in  your  pages,*  I  beg  to  furnish  an 
instance  of  it,  which  none  of  your 
correspondents  have  yet  adduced.  In 
the  ••  Personal  Recollections"  of  Char- 
htte  Elizabeth  (an  interesting  volume 
on  many  accounts)  there  is  a  descrip- 
tion of  the  great  festival  of  the  Irish 
peasantry,  St.  John's  Eve,  which  the 
authoress  witnessed  in  King's  County. 

*  See  voL  XVII.  pp.  40, 19!^  388. 


iNd.l 


7%e  Merry  Ltwyd  and  Fite-WorsMp. 


2S 


"It  iB  the  eVLttom  at  stmdet  on  that 
evening  to  kindle  numerous  immense  fires 
throughout  the  country,  built,  like  our 
bonfires,  to  a  great  height,  the  pile  being 
composed  of  turf,  bogwood,  and  such 
other  combustibles  as  they  can  gather. 
The  turf  yields  a  steady  substantial  body 
of  fire,  the  bogwood  a  most  brilliant  fiame ; 
and  the  effect  of  these  great  beacons 
blazing  on  every  hill,  sending  up  volumes 
of  smoke  from  every  point  of  the  horizon, 
is  very  remarkable. . . .  But  something  was 
to  follow  that  puszled  me  not  a  little;  when 
the  fire  had  burned  for  some  hours  and 
got  low,  an  indispensable  part  of  the 
ceremony  commenced.  Every  One  pre- 
sent of  the  peasantry  passed  through  it, 
and  several  children  were  thrown  across 
the  sparkling  embers,  while  a  wooden 
frame  of  some  eight  feet  long,  with  a 
horse's  head  fixed  to  one  end,  and  a  large 
white  sheet  thrown  over  it,  concealing  the 
wood  and  the  man  on  whose  head  it  was 
carried,  made  its  appearance.  This  was 
greeted  with  loud  shouts  of  '  The  white 
horse  !'  and>  having  been  safely  carried  by 
the  skill  of  its  bearer  sev^al  times  through 
the  fire  with  a  bold  leap,  it  pursued  the 
people,  who  ran  screaming  and  laughing 
in  every  direction.  I  asked  what  the 
horse  was  meant  for,  and  was  told  it  re- 
presented all  cattle."    Pp.  165)  107. 

Persons  who  have  seen  Merry  or 
Merrick  Llwyd,  in  Monmouthshire, 
will  at  once  recognise  the  justness  of  the 
description,  "  a  wooden  frame  (pole) 
of  some  eight  feet  long,  with  a  horse's 
head  fixed  to  one  end,  and  a  large 
white  sheet  thrown  over  it,  concealing 
the  wood  and  the  man  on  whose  head 
it  was  carried."  I  do  not,  however, 
imagine  that  the  horse's  head  is  used 
in  Wales  with  any  lustral  or  piacular 
intention,  as  appears  to  be  the  case  at 
the  Irish  festival.  How  far  this  sig- 
nification is  still  understood  by  the 
persons  who  practise  the  ceremony,  it 
may  be  difficult  to  say.  Such  usages 
often  linger  in  popular  habits  and 
customs  long  after  their  original 
meaning  is  exploded. 
•  Be  this  as  it  may,  it  is  curious  to 
find  an  Irish  custom  explained  in  the 
writings  of  a  Jewish  rabbi,  a  circuro- 
stance  which  widely  opens  the  door 
to  conjecture.  Maimonides,  in  his 
More  Nevochim,  or  "  Instructor  of  the 
Perplexed,"  has  a  passage  on  the  sub- 
ject  of  passing  through  the  fire,  which 
explains  the  quotation  given  above 
with  sufiSicient  clearness. 

"  In  enumerating  the  things  against 
vhlAh  we  are  thus  warned,  it  m  important 


to  remark  that  the  advocates  of  those 
opinions  which  are  destitute  of  founda- 
tion or  utility,  in  order  to  confirm  their 
superstitions,  and  to  induce  belief  in  them, 
artfully  intimate  that  those  who  do  not 
perform  the  actions  by  which  their  super- 
stitions are  confirmed  are  always  punished 
by  some  misfortune  or  other  ;  and  there- 
fore, when  any  evil  accidentally  happens, 
they  extol  such  actions  or  rather  super- 
stitions as  they  wish  to  practise,  hoping 
thereby  to  induce  him  to  embrace  their 
opinions.  Thus,  since  it  is  well  known, 
from  the  very  nature  of  man,  that  there  is 
nothing  of  which  men  are  more  afraid  than 
of  the  loss  of  their  property  and  children, 
therefore  the  worshippers  of  fire  declared 
and  circulated  the  opinion^  that,  if  they 
did  not  cause  their  sons  or  daughters  to 
pass  through  the  fire,  all  their  children 
would  die ;  there  can  be  no  doubt,  there- 
fore, but  that  every  one  would  hasten 
diligently  to  perform  it,  both  from  their 
great  ]ove  to  their  children,  and  fear  o£ 
losing  them,  and  because  of  the  facility  of 
the  art,  nothing  more  being  required  than 
to  lead  the  child  through  the  fire,  the 
performance  of  which  was  rendered  still 
more  probable  by  the  children  being  com- 
mitted to  the  care  of  the  women,  of  whose 
intellectual  weakness  and  consequent  ere* 
deuce  in  such  things  no  one  is  ignorant. 
Hence  the  Scripture  vehemently  opposes 
the  action,  and  uses  such  arguments 
against  it  as  against  no  other  kind  of 
idolatry  whatever, — *  He  hath  given  of 
his  seed  to  Moloch,  to  defile  my  sanctuary, 
and  to  profane  my  Holy  Name.'  (Levit. 
XX.  3.)  Moses  therefore  declares  in  the 
name  of  God,  that,  by  that  very  act  by 
which  they  expected  to  preserve  the  life 
of  their  children,  by  that  act  they  shall 
destroy  it ;  because  God  will  exterminate 
both  him  who  commits  the  crime,  and 
also  his  family :  *  I  will  set  my  face  against 
that  man,  and  against  his  family,  and  will 
cut  him  off.*  (Lev.  xx.  5.)  Nevertheless 
traces  of  this  species  of  superstition  aro 
still  existing  ;  for  we  see  midwives  take 
new-born  children  wrapped  in  swaddling 
clothes,  and  wave  them  to  and  fro  in  the 
smoke  of  herbs  of  an  unpleasant  odour 
thrown  into  the  fire, — a  relict,  no  doubt, 
of  this  passing  through  the  fire,  and  one 
which  ought  not  to  be  suffered.  From 
this  we  may  discover  the  perverse  cun- 
ning of  those  men  who  propagated  and 
established  their  error  with  such  per- 
suasive energy,  that,  although  it  has  been 
combated  by  the  law  for  more  than  two 
thousand  years,  yet  vestiges  of  it  are  still 
remaining.**  (Townley's  Maimonides,  p. 
209-211.)* 


*  The  title  of  this  compendious  voloae 
is,  **  The  Reasons  of  the  Iaws  of  Moses, 


u 


PaMsmg  thrdtyh  ihe/!re  lo  Moloeh. 


[July, 


The  origin  of  this  practice  may 
obviously  be  traced  to  tbe  fact  of  the 
atmosphere's  being  purified  by  fire, 
and  infectious  disorders  thereby  kept 
off.  The  next  step,  which  was  from 
tmth  to  superstition,  would  be  to  sup- 
pose that  fire  would  act  as  a  pre- 
ventive by  anticipation.  Afterwards 
ensued  those  horrid  practices  of  burn- 
ing children  in  the  fires  of  Moloch, 
with  which  every  reader  of  the  Car- 
thaginian history  is  familiar.  (See 
particularly  the  articles  Moloch  and 
Tophit  in  the  Dictionnaire  Mytholo- 
gique  of  M.  Noel,  2  vols.  8vo.  Paris, 
1823,  4th  edition.) 

Arthur  Young,  (father  of  the  cele- 
brated agriculturist,)  has  collected 
several  classical  illustrations  of  this 
practice,  in  his  work  on  Idolatrous 
Corruptions  in  Religion,  p.  117,  and 
the  passage  is  given  at  length  by  Mr. 
Townley,  p.  360,  note  xl.  without, 
however,  correcting  the  slight  mistake 
of  "  the  Council  o/TruUo'  totnTruIlo, 
as  he  might  have  done.  Mr.  Townley 
also  notices  similar  customs  at  Athens, 
in  Scotland  in  the  time  of  James  I. 
(or  6th  in  the  Scottish  succession,) 
and  in  Cornwall,  but  without  ad- 
verting to  that  in  Ireland.  M.  de 
Sainmore,  in  his  Histoire  de  Russie, 
(written  to  accompany  the  plates  of 
M.  David,)  mentions  this  practice  as 
still  existing  in  Russia,  when  speaking 
of  the  idol  Koupalo. 

'VLe  temple  de  ce  dieu  6toit  au  milieu 
des  campagnes.  II  ^toit  represent^  debout 
snr  on  piddestal,  tenant  entre  ses  mains 
nne  esp^ce  de  come  remplie  de  ileurs  et 
de  fruits.  C'^toit  la  divinity  de  Tabon- 
dance  ;  on  Pimploroit  au  milieu  des  plai- 
sirs,  de  la  joie  et  des  festins.  On  c^Ubroit 
sa  f6te  vers  le  commencement  de  P^td, 
e'est-a-dire,  le  24  Juin,  prfecisfement  le 
m^me  jour  et  presque  de  la  m^me  maniere 
qnenous  celebrons  la  f^te  de  St.  Jean 
Baptiste.  De  jeunes  gar9on8  et  de  jeunes 
filles  par^s  de  guirlandes  de  fleurs,  la  t^te 
eouronn^e  de  feuilles  nonvelles,  formoient 
des  choeurs  de  danse  et  santoient  leg^re- 
ment  par-dessus  les  feux  qu'on  avoit 
allum^s.  On  n'entendoit  par  tout  que 
les  expressions  de  la  joie  et  de  bonheur, 
etle  nom  de  Koupalo  ctoit  mille  fois 
r^pet^  dans  des  chansons. 

**  Le  peuple  slave  conserve  encore,  en 
qnelques  lieux,  Vusage  de  cette  f^te.     On 

from  the  More  Nevochim  of  Maimonides, 
by  James  Townley,  D.D.  author  of  Illus- 
trations of  Biblical  Literature.*'  Lond. 
1827,  pp.  461. 

3 


passe  dans  les  festins  la  nnit  qui  pr^c^de 
le  jour  de  la  f^te.  On  allume  des  feox  de 
joie,  et  Ton  danse  autour.  Le  has  peuple, 
en  plusieurs  endroits,  appelle  Koupal- 
MiTSA,  du  nom  de  cette  Divinity,  Sainte- 
Agrippine,  qu*on  invoquele  m^me  jour."t 
(Vol.  I.  p.  9.) 

M.  Noel,  in  his  Mythological  Dic- 
tionary already  referred  to,  says  (ait. 
Fbu,) 

'*  Le  fen  est  une  des  principales  divi- 
nit^s  des  Tartares  idol&tres.  lis  ne  se 
laissent  point  aborder  par  des  Strangers, 
sans  que  ceux-ci  se  soient  purifi^  en  pas- 
sant entre  deux  feux.** 

And  under  the  same  head  he  observes 
of  the  Virginians,  (who  seem  to  have 
carried  this  superstition  to  the  greatest 
extreme,) 

**  Quand  ces  peuples  reviennent  de 
quelque  expedition  militaire,  on  quails  se 
soient  heureusement  tir^s  de  quelque  p^ril 
imminent,  ils  allument  un  grand  feu,  et 
temoignent  leur  joie  en  dansant  i  Tentonr 
avec  une  gourde  ou  une  sonnette  k  la 
main,  comme  s'ils  rendaient  graces  k  cet 
element  de  leur  avoir  sauv^  la  vie.'' 

He  remarks  (art.  Ptbomantib,) 

**  Quelques  auteurs  mettent  au  nombre 
des  especes  de  pyromantie  1' abominable 
coutume  qu'avaient  certains  peuple  orien- 
taux  de  faire  passer  leurs  enfants  par  le 
feu  en  I'honneur  de  Moloch.  Delrio  j 
comprend  aussi  la  superstition  de  ceux  qui 
examinaient  les  symptdmes  des  feux 
allumds  laveille  dela  Saint- Jean-Baptiste, 
et  la  coutume  de  danser  k  I'entour,  on  de 
sauter  par-dessus.*' 

Arthur  Young  has  referred,  in  il- 
lustration of  these  practices,  to  Virgil, 
i£n.  xi.  785-9 ;  see  also  a  note  in 
the  Oxford  edition  of  that  classic, 
1820,  (an  edition  attributed  to  Dr. 
Pett,  of  Christ  Church.) 

I  will  only  add,  that,  as  the  horse's 
head  represents  all  cattle  in  Ireland, 
the  obvious  explanation  is,  that  it  ap- 
pears as  a.  substitute  for  them,  and 
that  the  supposed  benefit  is  derived  to 
them  through  it  as  their  representative* 
Yours,  &c.        Cydwbli. 


t  The  Abb^  Perin,  in  his  Abr^g^  de 
I'Histoire  de  Russie,  (I.  xxiii.)  translates 
the  name  Koupalo,  le  baiffneur,  and  ac- 
counts for  it  by  bathing  in  the  rivers  com- 
mencing at  that  time  of  year.  He  calls 
Saint  Agrippina  by  the  double  name  of 
Agrippina-Koupalnitsa,  which  he  says  is 
given  to  keep  up  the  claims  of  Koupalo, 
thougK  virtually  suj^lanted  by  the  others 


1843.] 


D'Auhign4'$  History  dfthe  Reformation. 


25 


Mr.  Urban, 


Corl€,  April  8. 
(Cmtinued  from  Vol,  XIX.  p.  592.) 

But,  passing  lightly  over  these  and 
some  other  inadvertencies  of  little  mo- 
ment, my  attention  is  more  seriously 
challenged  at  page  243  of  the  same 
volume,  where  M.  D'Aubign^,  after 
proudly  dwelling  on  the  salutary  fruits 
of  the  Reformation,  introduced  and 
followed  by  some  rhetorical  flourishes 
not  in  the  best  taste,  proceeds  and 
says,  "Thus  everything  progressed, 
arts,  literature,  purity  of  worship,  and 
the  minds  of  prince  and  people."  In 
the  delineation  of  history,  however,  I 
cannot  discover  much  to  corroborate 
these  comprehensive  vauntings.  It 
surely  is  not  in  the  character  of  our 
Henry,  or  his  court,  nor  in  that  of  his 
successors  and  their  agents  of  reform, 
as  revealed  to  us  in  the  dark  exposures 
of  Mr.  Fraser  Tytler,  from  docu- 
mentary evidence,  (State  Papers,  vol. 
ii.)  and  Dr.  Taylor;  nor  again,  in 
Scotland,  as  depicted  by  the  former 
historian,  (History  of  Scotland^  vol. 
vi.  p.  221  and  p.  353,)  or  antecedently 
by  Robertson,  (vol.  i.  p.  366.)  The 
Danish  prince Christiern  II.  will  hardly 
sustain  M.  D'Aubigne's  encomium, 
nor  will  Albert  of  Brandenberg,  Ulrich 
of  Wirtemberg,  or  Philip  of  Hesse,  to 
whom,  respectively,  their  dominions 
were  principally  indebted  for  the  es- 
tablishment of  Lutheranism.  Shortly 
after,  we  encounter  Henry  the  Fourth 
of  France,  the  most  licentious  of  men, 
whose  incontinence  prodigieuae  is  the 
theme  of  every  annalist,  while  march- 
ing  in  front  of  reform,  its  hero  and 
protagonist.  Still,  he  was  not  charge- 
able with  the  abominations  of  his 
Catholic  predecessor,  for  whose  "  mig- 
nons  frais^s,"  or,  as  qualified  by  Henry 
while  applauding  the  assassination  of 
one  of  them,  St.  Mesgrin,  by  the  Duke 
of  Guise,  (Journal  de  Henri  III.  p.  21, 
tome  6)  "  mignons  de  couchette,"  we 
unhappily  meet  a  parallel  in  the  fa- 
vourites of  his  contemporary,  our 
James,  whom  the  Biarnais,  in  his  cor- 
respondence with  the  President  Jean- 
nin,  a  work  recommended  by  Lord 
Chesterfield  to  his  son,  31  May,  1752, 
(Leyde,  Elzevir,  1659,  12mo.)  desig- 
nates, in  16^,  by  an  unutterable 
epitiiet*  The  imputation,  charitably 
denied  by  Dr.  Lingard,  has  unfor- 
tunately derived  strength  from  the  re- 

GsNT.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


cent  disclosures  of  the  British  Museum 
and  State  Paper  Office  (Von  Rau- 
mer*s  Beitrage  zur  neuren  Geschichte 
aus  Bi  ittische  Museum,  Erster  Band) ; 
and  the  fact  of  his  presence  at  the 
marriage  of  the  infamous  Somerset, 
only  to  be  accounted  for,  according  to 
Mr.  Mackay,  (Popular  Delusions,  vol. 
ii.  p.  235,)  by  the  fear  of  betrayal  from 
his  accomplice  in  guilt,  is  by  no 
means  in  his  favour.  But  the  matter 
repels  discussion ;  and,  as  Tacitus 
states  of  the  laws  of  the  Germans  on 
such  subjects,  (German ia,  cap.  xii.) 
"  flagitia  abscondi  oportet," — words,  I 
observe,  to  which  Montesquieu,  (Es- 
prit des  Lois,  xxx.  19)  attaches  a  less 
depraved  construction.  See,  howevcfr, 
the  note  of  Lipsius  on  the  passage ;  it 
is  an  honourable  defence  of  Germanic 
virtue,  and  strong  in  the  expression  of 
his  own  abhorrence  of  the  corruption. 
An  able  review  of  Mr.  Jesse's  Me- 
moirs of  the  Stuarts,  in  the  Gent.  Mag. 
for  February  1840,  is  well  worth  con- 
sulting relative  to  James. 

Far,  indeed,  was  that  age  from  M. 
D'Aubign^'s  representation,  and  most 
profligate  as  well  as  unprincipled  in 
its  emergent  characters,  both  Pro- 
testants and  Catholics.  The  massacre 
of  St.  Bartholomew  forms,  it  is  true,  a 
terrible  exception  ;  but  Philip  II.  was 
not  more  odious  than  Henry  VIII.  or 
Christiern  II.  monsters  in  robes  of 
royalty,  and  no  court  could  be  more 
deeply  sunk  in  debasement  than  that 
of  James,  where  we  are  assured  by  an 
eminent  contemporary.  Sir  John  Har- 
rington, that  drunkenness  was  not  an 
unfrequent  indulgence  even  with  fe- 
males of  the  first  class*  (Nugse  Anti- 
quse.  Park's  edition,  vol.  i.  p.  349.) 
Although  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 
there  were  on  our  statute-book  only 
fourteen  or  fifteen  capital  offences, 
which,  under  George  III.  exceeded  one 
hundred  and  fifty,  the  number  of 
executions  by  the  axe  or  halter,  during 
that  tyrant's  rule,  amounted  to  seventy- 
two  thousand,  and,  under  Elizabeth, 
to  seventeen  thousand  six  hundred. 
(See  Sir  H.  Cavendish's  Parliamentary 
Debates  of  27th  November,  1770.) 
The  History  of  England,  according  to 
Voltaire,  should  be  written  b^  the 
executioner.  And  to  the  delusion  of 
witchcraH:,  &c.  the  sacrifices  through- 
out the  Christian  world,  still  more 
accumulated,  we  are  assured  by  Mr. 
Mackay,  (vol.  ii.  p.  192,)  in  ProtesUnt 

B 


H 


Sorrom'*  BUle  in  Spm* 


tJdy, 


thaft  Catholic    states,  surpassed    ia 
sangQiDary    effasion    even    the  ho1o« 
caatts  of  the  InqoisitioD.     Well  may 
both  sides  have  adopted  the  soog  of  the 
fanes  of  the  goillotine,  yrhich  so  often 
rang  in  my  ears  daring  1793  and  1794. 
•«  Dn  sang,  dn  sang  I  il  fant  da  sang ; 
Yertons  k  boire  k  la  machine  t 
Poor  abrenTer  la  guillotine, 
II  fast  da  tang,  da  sang." 
See  also  Chandler's  American  Trials, 
(▼ol.  L) 

There  would,  in  fact,  seem  to  have 
existed  rather  a  rivalry  of  evil  than  of 
good  between  the  variant  sects  of  that 
period ;  and  nothing  can  lees  bear  the 
test  of   history  than    the   arrogated 
moral  superiority  of  Protestant  sove- 
reigns or  people.    On  this  subject  I 
can   advance    teitimony    which    the 
marked  favour  manifested  by  M.  D'Au- 
bigo^  for  its  source,  should  powerfully 
weigh  with  him.     At  page  241  of  his 
third  volume,  the  Arnauld  family,  so 
prominent  in  the  annals  of  Port- Royal, 
IS  mentioned  in  terms  of  highest  praise, 
and  com  placently,  though  niost  untruly, 
aggregated  to  the  abettors  of  reform,  in 
our  controvertist's  bense  of  the  word. 
The  chief  of  the  name  in  talent,  cele- 
brity, and  influence,  was,  beyond  doubt, 
i)iM  younger  Antoine,   distinguished, 
consequently,  lai/  *^xh^  '"'^  ifUJHuriu, 
as  "  \jn  Orand  Arnauld,"  who,  in  his 
^'Apoiogie  |>our  les  Catlioliques  con- 
tre  1««  Kausset^s  de  M.  Jurieu,"  vol. 
\\,  \),  332,  Mit.  1C82,  in  Timo.)  thus 
fypr^ss<;s   his  view   of  the  question. 
**  CVite    premiere   fervcur  apparentc, 
dont  c<s  pr^tendus  r<$formateurs  tH- 
tUnWni  d'^blouir  le  mondc,  s'catbien- 
i6i  ^vanouie.      J>ieu  a  renouvcll(^   si 
VAsibit'm«;))i  <Jt'puis  ce  temps  —  \k  son 
esprit  4e  gi^^e  et  de  salntct(^  en  un 

f;raud  ii*;rnOr«i  d*;  pt^rsonncs  de  rKgliec 
/Mh^li<jUA^,  <|u'il  ne  faut  que  comparer 
<ras  d4;MX  Kglis^s,  pour  Juger  sans  peine 

3 Mi  iffti  ci'lTi;  qui  a  plus  de  marques 
'^4;  ia  v^ii«al>lti  Kpouse  du  Kils  de 
U'ut^,  W  f^iti(i*i  son  (Sprit,  et  oh  il  r^- 
^MiM  fti:s  grii-^s/'  This  is  the  evi- 
4mm'm  4/f  Id  wiOu'ss  invoked  by  M. 
^/AuW^.n^/  as  aOove  (;it<'d,  on  his  own 
lM/».  ht  iu^ii)u\  ftiiAy  (Ksprit  de  M. 
^/>avW/;  i  iplisli  only'  notice  (hat  at 
ij,  3^V^  ijL^iiUf  ji.  in  enumerating  those 
}^rvl^^>ifi/  wij^^se  liui^tirU  and  sanctity 
^4;mI^  vh^i^ht  thi'u^  U)  the  beatification 
Aii^iJi:tti4  fj^f  ^hiilf  merits  and  piety 
m  ^iifM^,  UiM  /tvfeM^st  on  his  list 


is     our    virgin     queen,     Elizabeth. 
"  Nous  ferions  aossi  un  gros  catalogue 
de  Saints,  si  nous  vouUons  le  com- 
poser   de    ton?   les   honnestes   gens, 
reconnus   pour  tels,   qui   ont  iti  de 
notre  parti.    Nousy  mettrions  la  reine 
Elizabet  d'Angleterre,"   &c.   are  his 
words.      "Ab    un^    disce     omnes." 
And  Jnrieu   himself,    in  his    "Avis 
aux  protestans,"  which  precedes  bis 
"  Pr^ug^s    Legitimes  contre    le  Pa- 
pisme,"  (Amster.  1685, 12mo.)  acknow- 
ledges,  "  que  le  plus  grand  de  tons  les 
maux    des   Protestans    de    I'Enrope, 
c'est  leur  extreme  corruption."    At 
this     day,     however    unjustly,    the 
English  Government  is  considered  on 
the    Continent    as    destitute    of   all 
principle;    but   for  the    people,    the 
emphatically    Protestant    people     of 
England,  can  imagination  form  a  more 
hideous   picture   of  corruption,   than 
that  exhibited   in  the   parliamentary 
reports,  more  especially  in  those  by 
Lord  Ashley  ?    Let  it  be  placed   in 
parallel  with  the  description  presented 
to    us    by   Mr.   Borrow,    the    Bible 
Society's  chosen  missionary,  of  the 
Spanish  people,  the  most  Catholic  in 
Europe,  and  yet,  in  the  delineation  of 
this  irrefragable  authority,  the  purest 
and  noblest,  notwithstanding  the  con- 
stant misrule,  civil  and  political,  of  the 
country.    And,   if   ignorance  of  the 
Bible  be  a  reproach  to  the  one,  do  we 
find  it  better  understood  by  the  other, 
who  reckon  Goliath  and  Pontius  Pilate 
among  the  disciples  of  our  Lord  ?  Nor 
should  it  be  forgotten,  that  to  Spain 
we  owe  the  first  Christian   edition 
of  the  Old  Testament  in  the  original 
Hebrew,  with  the  Chaldee  paraphrase 
of  the  Pentateuch,  and  the  first  im- 
pressions of  the  Septuagint  and  New 
Testament  in  Greek.     I  may  add,  that 
in  whatever  light weview  Mr.  Borrow's 
fitness  for  aBible-delegate,  his  intimate 
knowledge  of  the  Spanish  people  cannot 
be    contested ;  and,    guided    by    the 
scriptural  maxim,  that  the  tree  is  to  be 
judged  by  its  fruit,  we  must  pronounce 
his  expressed  hatred  of  their  religion 
self- refuted    in    its    source    by    his 
testimony   to  their  virtues.     Of  his 
Bible  in  Spain,  it  cannot,  indeed,  be 
predicated,  as  Fontenelle  declared  of 
the  Jesuit    Missionaries'    collection, 
"Les  Lettres  Edifiantes"— that  "no 
publication  had  ever  so  well  sustained 
Its  title/'^a  testimony  confirmed  bjr 


1843.]      Cultivation  of  the  Arts  by  Catholics  and  Protestants, 


27 


general  concurrence,  in  contradiction 
to  Mr.  Macaulay's  unjust  depreciation 
of  these  records  of  the  great  order's 
labours.  (Essays,  vol.  i.  article 
Machiavelli.) 

As  for  the  advance  in  arts  and 
literature  here  assumed,  the  delusive 
paralogism,  "  post  hoc,  ergo  ob  hoc," 
is  with  reckless  confidence  wielded  ; 
for  the  intellectual  movement  had  pre- 
ceded the  Reformation,  which,  like  the 
French  Revolution,  for  some  time  at- 
least,  rather  impeded  than  accelerated 
the  progress  of  rational  improvement ; 
and  the  impulse  of  civilization  in  every 
sense  was  far  more  extensively  felt  in 
France  and  Italy  than  in  England,  or 
any  other  seat  of  reform.  The  press 
was,  of  course,  its  quickening  organ ; 
but,  in  England,  during  that  whole 
century,  not  a  single  citable  classic, 
scarcely  the  respectable  impression  of 
even  an  English  volume,  was  produced  ; 
and  the  records  of  bibliography  will 
demonstrate,  that  the  fruits  of  the 
press  were  considerably  more  numerous 
from  Venice,  Paris,  and  Lyons,  only 
three  catholic  cities,  than  from  the 
collective  efforts  of  Protestant  Europe. 
Mr.  Hallam  also  expresses  his  surprise 
at  finding  that,  even  on  theological 
subjects,  the  number  of  publications 
preponderated  on  the  Catholic  side. 
See  Panzer's  Annales  Typographici, 
1793—1803,  eleven  volumes  4to.  with 
Fred.  Ad.  Ebert's  Allgemeines  Biblio- 
graphisches  Lexicon,  Leipsic,  1821 — 
1830,2  vols.  4to.  and  Hallam's Literary 
History  of  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth 
centuries,  vol.  ii.  p.  206. 

And,  if  we  extend  the  comparison, 
as  thus  defied,  to  the  other  depart- 
ments of  civilization,  can  a  competition 
be  for  a  moment  sustained  in  paint- 
ing, statuary,  architecture,  or  music  ? 
Some  misgivings,  indeed,  escape  M. 
D'Aubigne  on  this  rivalry.  "  Let 
Roman  Catholicism,"  he  says  (vol. 
iii.  p.  239),  "pride  itself  on  being 
more  favourable  than  Protestantism  to 
the  arts :  be  it  so.  Paganism  was  even 
more  so."  He  quickly  recovers,  how- 
ever, from  this  forced  acknowledge- 
ment, and  concludes,  in  respect  to 
music,  by  asserting,  "  that  the  impulse 
communicated  to  it  at  the  period  of 
the  Reformation  has    more  recently 

£  reduced  those  noble  oratorios,  which 
ave  carried  the  art  to  its  highest  point 
9f  afctainment."      The    natural    in- 


ference  from  this  bold  assertion  would 
be,  that  to  Protestantism  sacred  music 
was  most,  if  not  exclusively,  indebted ; 
while  on  the   contrary,  it  was  from 
the  sphere    of  Catholicity  that    the 
alleged  impulse  proceeded,  and  there, 
too,  has  its  subsequent  influence  been 
ever  most  felt ;  for,  with  the  reserve  of 
Handel,  the  family  of  Bach,  and  very 
few  more,  it  would  be  difficult  to  dis- 
cover a  name  of  first  distinction  in  the 
opposite  ranks.     Gliick  may  have  been 
born   of  Protestant  parents;  but  he 
passed  his  whole  professional  life  with 
Catholics,  who,  as  I  have  heard  some 
of  his  friends  affirm,  always  considered 
him  as  of  their  body ;  and  every  Italian 
composer,  from  Palestrina,  the  "Musicse 
Princeps"  of  the    sixteenth  century, 
to  Rossini  of  our  own  day,  was,  as 
might  be  expected,  a  Catholic.     And 
even  of  the  Germans,  the  most  eminent 
— Haydn,   the  matchless  Haydn,   as 
Dr.    Burney    (iv.   599)    distinguishes 
him,  Mozart,  Weber,  and  Beethoven, 
all  Catholics,  are  surely  unsurpassed 
in  emulation  of  merit.     As  the   un- 
deniable result  of  relative  celebrity  in 
the  arts,   the  Catholics,   in  this  and 
other  branches,  will  be  found  to  out* 
number  their    opponents  fourfold   at 
least.  And,  for  those  hymns,  of  which, 
with  their  accompanying  chaunt,  the 
composition  and  effects  are  so  lauded, 
whatever  may  have   been  their  com- 
bined power,  it  will  hardly  be  urged 
in    comparative   influence  with    the 
universal  admiration  and  deep  pathos 
of  those  of  Rome,  on  which  the  great 
masters  of  harmony  have,  for  centuries, 
exercised   their  talents.     It  was   not 
from  his   native   idiom    that  Goethe 
selected  the  hymn,  which  so  sensitively 
affected  poor  Gretchen,   (the  familiar 
abbreviation    of    Margaret,)    in    the 
cathedral,    when     the     Evil     Spirit, 
'*  Bozer    Geist,*'   impressed    on    her 
mind  her  contrasted  feelings,  on  hear- 
ing this    pious   effusion,   "the   Dies 
Irse,"  in  her  days  of  former  innocence 
and  actual  guilt,  (Faust,  p.  225,  ed. 
Tubingen,  1825) .  The  "  Stabat  Mater" 
of  Rossini  excites  at  this  moment  the 
enthusiastic  applause  of  the  musical 
world ;  and  the  touching  canticle  has 
ever  been  a  theme  of  predilection  and 
achievement  of  renown  to  the  most 
eminent    professors    of   the    art-— to 
Palestrina,  to  Pergolesi,  who,  how- 
ever, lived  not  to  terminate  his  wofk^ 


is 


Hjfmns  of  the  Church, 


[July, 


and  to  Haydn.^  (See  Burney's  History 
of  Mosic,  vol.  i.  p.  57.  with  Gr^try's 
*'£Mai  tur  U  Musique/'  edit.  1829* 
tome  i.  p.  421.)     I  need  not  enumerate 


those  other  moouments  of  religious 
sensation*  so  profoundly  felt  by  Scott 
and  Goethe,  which  enrich  the  Roman 
Missal,  while,  to  the  old  German  com- 


*  The  rhyming  or  assonant  measure 
•f  these  hymns  greatly  facilitates  their 
ohaunted  recitationi  and. was  first  intro- 
diaoed  by  St.  Ambrose.  St.  Hilary,  St. 
Gregory  the  Great,  Gregory  VII.  (Hil- 
debrand,)  Innocent  HI.  with  several 
other  pontiffs,  are  numbered  in  the  list  of 
their  composers,  among  whom  Thomas 

V. 

<*  Sit  laus  plena,  sit  sonora. 

Sit  jucunda,  sit  decora. 

Mentis  jubilatio.'* 

XII. 

''  Quod  non  capis,  quod  non  vides, 
Animosa  firmat  fides ; 
Prjeter  rerum  ordinem." 

The  *'  Pange  Lingua  Gloriosi  Corporis 
Mysterium,"  not  less  vigorous  in  thought 
and  expression,  with  the  ''  Adoro  Te,** 
were  also  composed  by  the  Angelic 
Doctor.  St.  Ambrose  was  the  author  of 
the  "  Veni  Creator,**  sung  at  Pentecost, 
and  of  the  ''Jesu!  nostra  Redemptio," 
destined  to  commemorate  the  Ascension. 
The  poet  Prudentius,  who  died  in  395, 
likewise  wrote  some  of  the  more  ancient 
hymns.  (But  see  the ''  Thesaurus  Pontifi- 
calls''   of  A.  Rocca,  Romse  1745,  2  vols. 


Aquinas  must  also  be  distinguished.  By 
desire  of  Pope  Urban  IV.  he  wrote,  in 
1263,  the  *'  Lauda  Sion  Salvatorem,**  in 
celebration  of  the  feast  of  '*  Corpus 
Christi/*  and  some  of  the  stanzas  are  of 
striking  spirit.  I  may  instance  the  fifth 
and  twelfth,  to  which  I  annex  what  will 
be  found  a  very  inferior  Greek  version. 


€, 


UXflprjS  VfiVO£  6^V£  T    COTO), 

'Hdi^r  €0T6>  aK(ikayfA6s, 
T&v  (f>p€V6iv  Koi  7rpen'o>brjS' 

f  • 

*0  yov  \ayfidv€i£.  Spas  r€, 
Hio'Tis  rXd&fios  c/cvpoxre, 
Kat  Trap*  clpfibv  TTpayfiaTiov. 

folio.)  Dante  occasionally,  and  always  in 
impressive  reference,  quotes  these  hymns. 
Thus,  in  his  Purgatorio,  we  find, 

**  Te  LUC18  ANTE,  si  dcvotamcnte 
Glinsci  di  bocca  con  si  dolci  note, 
Che  fece  me  a  me  uscir  di  mente.'* 
Purgatorio,  Cant.  viii.  v.  13. 

And,  at  the  close  of  Canto  IX. 

'  *  I  mi  rivoisi  attento  al  primo  tuono  ; 
Et  Te  Deum  laudamus,  mi  parea 
Udir  in  voce  mista  al  dolce  suono." 


The  continental,  at  least  the  French,  gamut,  ''ut,  re,  mi,  fa,  sol,  la,**  was 
derived,  it  is  stated,  by  Guido  Aretino,  a  Benedictine  (or  CamaldoUan)  monk, 
about  the  year  1020,  from  the  hymn  on  the  birth  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  as 
follows,  to  which  I,  as  before,  adjoin  a  feeble  Greek  translation : — 


**  Ut  queant  laxis 
Rssonare  fibris 
Miragestorum 
FAmuli  tuorum, 
SoLve  polluti 
LAbii  reatum, 
Sancte  Joannes ! 

This  musical  scale  has  been  thus  ex- 
pressed. (Fabricii  Bibliotheca  Medise  et 
Infimse  Latinitatis,  tom.  ii.) 

"  Cur  adhibes  tristi  numeros  cantumque 

iabori  ?  [LAbores." 

Ut  BElevet  Miserum  FAtum  sOLitosque 

corresponding  to  our  C,  D,  E,  F,  B,  A. 
The  Italians,  as  they  conceive,  for 
euphony,  have  substituted  the  mono- 
syllable RO  for  UT.  (See  Barney's 
History  of  Music,  vol.  ii.  p.  85.  Manage, 
'*  Origines  de  la  Langue  Fran9aise,  article 
Gammef**  &c.) 
In  France,  several  of  these  canticles 

]^Te  b^ea  Uaxwtoted  by  Coroeille,  La 


'Qs  SvvrjaroiVTcu  K€\c^€iv  \iycicDSf 
SavfjMT  €py€dv  <rov  Btpdirovrts  €<r6\oi, 
Xcikcos  Xvcrai  doXepov  fAiacriJLa, 

Get  Imdvtnj, 


Fontaine,  Racine,  and  La  Harpe ;  and,  in 
England,  by  Dryden,  Southwell,  and  by 
Lord  Roscommon,  who  has  best  succeeded, 
and  that,  perhaps,  in  one  of  the  most 
difficult  of  corresponding  transfusion,  the 
**  Dies  Irs.**  The  second  line  of  this 
thrilling  effort  of  devotion,  '*  Solvet 
sseclum  in  favilla,*'  is,  I  perceive,  ex- 
changed in  the  Parisian  Breviary  for 
**  Crucis  expandens  vexilla,**  probably  to 
avoid  the  anomalous  pagan  testimony  of 
the  Sybil.  Vida*s  Hymni,  forming  part 
of  his  works,  are  quite  of  a  .different 
character ;  and  those  of  Santcuil,  which 
enrich  the  French  breviaries,  though  far 
mpre  classical,  are  much  less  impressiYQ 


1843.] 


Church  Muslc^'Lucaff  Cranach . 


29 


posers,  we  may  concur  -with  Burney 
(iv.  p.  589),  in  applying  the  lines  of 
Hudibras,  though  a'  little  varied  in 
purpose. 

"As  if  their  mnaic  were  intended 
For  nothing  else  but  to  be  mended.'' 

The  relative  character  of  the  modern 
German  and  Italian  music  must,  of 
course,  be  differently  appreciated. 
Madame  de  Stael,  in  her  '*  Germany," 
chap.  37,  thus  discriminates  these 
great  schools.  "  La  musique  des 
Allemands  est  plus  variee  que  celle  des 
Italiens,  et  c'est  en  cela  peut-etre 
qu'elle  est  moins  bonne :  Tesprit  est 

than  the  homely  outpourings  of  mediaeval 
fervour ;  **  ^  tov  Xaov  tov  Xpia-rov 
edida^c  TOV  Gcoj^  okfj  rfj  p^apdia  diveaai, 
Ka\  crvpr)^€7  <rT6fAaTi  Kaff  iKcumjv 
€vXoy5crat  Koi  fcrjpv^ai,"  The  hymns  of 
the  Jesuit  Oudin,  in  the  ojice  of  St. 
Francis  Xavier  (Divione,  1705,)  are  of  the 
purest  latinity. 

The  influence  on  Napoleon  of  church 
bells  and  chaunt  has  been  the  frequent 
remark  of  his  attendants  and  historians. 
**  Le  son  des  cloches,''  says  Bourrienne, 
tome  iii.  p.  222,  "produisit  sur  Bona- 
parte un  effet  que  je  n'ai  jamais  su 
m'expliquer  :  il  I'entendait  avec  delices. . 
. . . .  il  avait  la  voix  ^mue  quand  il  me 
disait.  Cela  me  rapp^le  les  premieres 
ann^es  que  j'ai  pass^es  a  Brienne.  J'^tais 
heureux  alors  !"  Here  the  mighty  con- 
queror sufficiently  explains  what  to  his 
old  schoolfellow  appeared  of  such  arduous 
solution.  It  was,  as  with  the  humble 
Margaret,  the  recollection  of  his  com- 
parative innocence;  and,  well  may  each 
aberrant  from  that  happy  state  exclaim, 
*'  *0<rdKis  yap  6)(Xovfi€Vos  koi  fiapvvo' 
fievos  alfrBdvopxii,  Tavnjs  rrjs  8i8ax^s  p.€ 
mrfkBew  yivaxTKOD,**  Who  can  hear, 
unaffected,  or  without  some  similar  re- 
trospective emotion,  these  simple  in- 
vocations, such  as  the  "  Adeste  Fideles," 
or  Portuguese  hymn,  and  the  Pascal 
chaunt  "  O  Filii,  O  Filise  I"  In  Milton's 
sublimity  of  expression  we  may  repeat — 

"  Of  charming  symphony  they  introduce 
Their  sacred  song,  and  waken  raptures  high." 

(It  was,  I  believe,  on  Palestrina's  violin 
that  the  following  antithetic  distich  was 
inscribed : 

"  Viva  fui  in  sylvis ;  sum  dura  occisa  securl ; 
Pom  vixiy  tacui }  mortua  dulce  sono.") 


condamn^  k  la  vari^te  ;  c'est  sa  rnisere 
qui  en  est  la  cause;  mais  les  arts, 
comme  le  sentiment,  ont  une  admirable 
monotonie,  celle  dont  on  voudrait  faire 
un  moment  Eternal."  This  is  true  in 
fact,  and  beautiful  in  diction. 

With  still  less  restrained  hardihood 
of  assertion,  Lucas  Cranach,  a  Ger- 
man painter,  a  friend  and  follower  of 
Luther,  is  called,  at  page  242  of  the 
third  volume,  "  the  great  master  of 
the  age."  It  would  not  be  easy  to 
evince  greater  contempt,  I  must  say, 
for  the  taste  or  information  of  his 
readers  than  these  words  betray,  and 
thus  confidently  to  elevate  in  supre- 
macy of  position,  au  almost  unknown 
artist,  in  presence  of  the  glories  of  the 
profession,  and  of  that  age  which 
generated  Michael  Angelo,  RaflTaelle, 
Titian,  the  omniscient  da  Vinci,  Sebas- 
tian del  Piombo,  Giulio  Romano, 
Bastiniano,  Correggio,  Cellini,  Holbein, 
with  so  many  more,  the  contempora- 
ries of  M.  D'Aubign^'s  obscure  and 
roost  ill- chosen  champion.  And  if,  in 
the  comprehensive  latitude  of  the 
eulogist's  language,  we  stretch  our 
comparative  view  to  the  succeeding 
years  of  that  century,  what  a  refulgent 
mass  of  Catholic  renown  signalizes, 
by  birth  or  achievement,  its  further 
course,  from  Paul  Veronese  to  Claude 
Lor  rain,  born  in  1600,  and  its  last 
offspring!  Until  lately  the  name  of 
Cranach  would  be  vainly  sought  for 
in  our  dictionaries  ;  nor  was  it  other- 
wise in  France,  as  I  learned  from  the 
curators  of  the  Louvre,  where  some  of 
his  works  are  now,  however,  to  be 
seen.  The  most  admired  is  "  St. 
John  in  the  Wilderness,"  in  which 
Melancthon  figures  as  the  Saint;  but 
another,  Hercules  and  Omphale,  re- 
presents John  Frederick,  the  reformed 
Elector  of  Saxony,  encircled  by  his 
mistresses,  although  the  recognised 
head  of  Protestantism,  and  declared 
chief  of  its  confederation,  the  league 
of  Smalkalde.  But,  in  every  sense, 
Cranach  was  of  subordinate  instead  of 
primary  talent ;  *"  son  dessein  ^tant 
mesquin,  et  d'un  caract^re  appauvri." 
(See  Huber's  Catalogue  du  Cabinet  de 
M.  Brindea,  Leipzig,  1793,  8vo.)  It 
was  thus  that  Pope  blazoned  the  fame 
of  poor  Jervas,  now  only  known  by 
his  traDslatioa  of  Don  Quixote,  but 


30 


Catholic  Painters. 


[July. 


whom  the  poet  would  make  the  as- 
sociate of  his  own  immortality. 

"Smit  with  the  love  of  sister-arts  we  came. 
And  met  congenial,    minjpling  flame  with 
flame."  Epittle  to  Jervcu,* 

To  the  flood  of  light  poured  from  the 
bosom  of  catholicity  on  this  challenged 
field  of  contest,  what  character  of  com- 
mensurate splendour,  we  may  ask, 
does  the  adverse  side  produce,  in  any 
degree  like  a  fitting  competition  ?  Eng- 
land  offers  no  transcendent  name  ;  and 
in  the  sister  walk,  in  architecture, 
Inigo  Jones,  the  undisputed  chief, 
adhered  to  the  ancient  faith,  while, 
from  the  whole  compass  of  Protestant- 
ism, one  great  master,  Albert  Durer, 
truly  great,  yet  single  and  solitary, 
issues  of  equivalent  eminence.  Vesari 
Appears  unacquainted  even  with  the 

^^mmmmm^^mm^  iil^pi        in  ■   »■■■«— ■■■■  ■>    ■        iwp  hm    ■  ■    i  ■    i  ii  ^     ■    i 

*  I  have  not  found  it  observed,  though 
obvious  on  comparison,  that  the  exordial 
invocation  of  Pope's  Messiah, 

"  O  Thou  my  voice  inspire !" 

Who  touched  Isaiah's  hallowed  lips  with  Are, 

is  borrowed  almost  literally  from  the 
prayer  introductory  to  the  first  daily 
Gospel  in  the  Roman  Missal.  ''  Munda 
cor  meum  et  labia  mea,  omnipotens  Deus, 
qui  labia  Isaise  prophetse  calculo  mundasti 
ignito.'*  These  words  were,  of  course, 
familiar  to  Pope,  bom  in  the  bosom,  and 
educated  by  a  clergyman,  of  the  Roman 
Catholic  communion,  whose  mass  he  must 
most  frequently  have  served  when  the  rite 
could  only  be  celebrated  in  domestic 
privacy ;  but  be  merely  refers  to  Isaiah, 
chap.  vii.  &o.  and  to  VirgiPs  fourth 
Eclogue,  or  PolUo,  Dr.  Johnson,  in  his 
version  of  the  Messiah,  does  not  advert  to 
this,  most  probable  source  of  Pope's 
thought,  and  in  all  likelihood  was  unaware 
of  it,  as  Warburton  equally  was,  and 
Warton.  I  cannot  say  whether  the  sub- 
sequent editors  were. 

If  we  are  to  believe  Pope,  as  recorded 
by  Walpole  in  his  Anecdotes  of  Painting, 
the  above  named  Jervas  (or  Jarvis)  was 
little  acquainted  with  the  language  of  his 
author,  when  he  undertook  the  translation 
of  Don  Quixote ;  nor  was  Smollett  it 
seems,  more  conversant  with  the  Spanish, 
when  he  engaged  in  the  same  task.  In 
the  Gent.  Mag.  for  October,  1842,  page 
37B,  first  column,  Samuel  Cooper,  the 
painter,  is  inadvertently  called  the  father- 
in-law  of  the  poet's  father,  instead  of  his 
brother-in-law,  as  he  is  more  correctly 
named  afterwards,  from  Walpole's  Anec- 
dotes. 


existence  of  Cranach,  but  devotes  many 
a  page  of  his  attractive  volumes  (Flo- 
rence, Giunti,  1568)  to  the  eulogy  of 
Durer,  whose  genius,  inferior  per- 
haps to  none  in  native  endowment, 
solely  wanted  that  refinement  of  taste, 
or  ultimate  finish,  which  the  contem- 
plation and  rivalship  of  excellence, 
then  and  now  chiefly  presented  in 
Italy,  could  alone  impart,  to  rank 
amongst  the  foremost  of  his  profession. 
M.  D'Aubign^,  however,  most  un- 
authorizedly  (vol.  iii.  p.  243)  assigns 
his  master- pieces  to  the  period  which 
followed,  in  order  to  make  them  the 
inspirations  of,  his  conversion ;  for 
the  best  of  them,  the  "  Crucifixion," 
which  now  adorns  the  imperial  gallery 
of  Vienna,  bears  the  distinct  date  of 
1511.  His  "Execution  of  the  Mar- 
tyrs "  is  marked  1508  ;  and  his  "Adam 
and  Eve,"  with  the  "  Adoration  of  the 
Magi,"  eoually  anteceded  the  Refor- 
mation. This  event  he  survived  only 
a  few  years,  during  which  he  certainly 
produced  nothing  superior  in  achieve- 
ment to  these,  his  acknowledged  mas- 
terpieces. As  an  engraver  his  merit 
was  equally  great,  and,  from  the  wider 
dissemination  of  his  productions, 
much  more  diffusively  known.  See 
Gent.  Mag.  for  July  1839«  p.  34,  and 
August  p.  118,  with  Mr.  Jackson's 
"  History  of  Wood  Engraving."  (1839.) 

"  The  church  of  Rome,"  wrote  Sir 
David  Wilkie  (Life  by  A.  Cunning- 
ham, vol.  i.)  from  Italy  in  1827,  "  has 
ever  been  the  nurse  of  arts,  but  paint- 
ing has  been  its  favourite  child.  The 
art  of  painting  seems  made  for  tho 
service  of  Christianity — would  that  the 
Catholics  were  not  the  oaly  sect  that 
had  seen  its  advantages."  Mr.  West- 
macott  in  his  Lectures  is  not  less 
emphatic,  while  far  more  extensive  in 
the  assertion  of  Catholic  patronage, 
embracing  as  it  did  the  whole  circle  of 
the  Fine  Arts. 

The  contrasted  effects  on  man's  de- 
votion, from  the  presence  or  absence 
of  the  objects  of  art  in  temples  of 
worship,  and  the  advantage  in  this 
respect  of  Catholic  practice,  are  forcibly 
pourtrayed  in.  Schiller's  "Maria 
Stuart,"  by  Mortimer,  nephew  to  the 
royal  captive's  keeper.  Sir  Amyas 
Paulet,  ("Amias  Paulet,  Ritter- 
Hiitter  der  Maria ;  and  Mortimer  lein 


1843.] 


Memoirs  of  the  Bover  family. 


31 


Neffe ;  Erster  Aufzug,  Sechster  Auf- 
tritt.") 

"  Ich  hatte  nie  der  Kunste  Machte  gefUhlt, 
£g  hasst  die  Kirche,  die  mich  auferzog, 
Der  sinne  Reiz,  Kein  Abbild  duldet  sie, 
Allein  das  KSrperlose  Wort  verehrend, 
Wie  wurde  mir,  als  ich  ins  Innre  nun 
Der  Kirchen  trat,  nnd  die  Musik  der  Hlmmel 
Hemnterstieg,  und  der  Gestalten  FQlIe 
Verschwenderisch  aus  Wand  nnd  Decke  quoll, 
Das  Herrlichste  and  HOchite,  gegenwartigr, 
Vor  den  entzi\ckten  Sinnen  sich  bewegte, 
Als  ich  sie  selbst  nun  sab,  die  GrOttlichen, 
Den  Gruss  des  Engels,  die  Geburt  des  Herm, 
Die  helge  Mutter  die  berabgestiegne 
Dreyfaltigkeit,  die  leuchtende  VerklSrung." 

Theater  von  Schiller,  Vierter  Band. 
Tubingen,  1807)  p.  27. 

Thus  far,  as  relates  to  the  Fine  Arts, 
our  polemic's  pretensions,  whether  in 
assertion  or  insinuation,  will  appear, 
I  trust,  neither  unsuccessfully  nor  un- 
fairly encountered ;  although  the  re- 
futation ,  for  its  necessary  effect,  has 
been  more  lengthened  than  I  would 
have  desired.  And  the  same  necessity 
will  apply  as  we  proceed  to  consider 
his  other  assumptions,  for,  as  a  great 
French  writer  remarks,  "Une  ligne 
peut  contenir  des  erreurs,  qu'il  faut 
des  volumes  pour  refuter."  My  au- 
thorities shall  be,  as  they  have  studious- 
ly been,  of  M.  D'Aubign^'s  own  creed, 
or  favour,  on  any  contestable  point. 
Yours,  &c.  J.  R. 

{To  be  continued.) 


Mr.  Urban,      Th II,  2nd  May, 

I  NOW  beg  to  send  you  the  con- 
tinuation of  my  account  of  the  family 
of  Bover,  which  I  commenced  in  your 
number  for  April.* 

I  omitted  there,  I  find,  to  give  the 
name  of  Captain  Bover's  wife,  and  I 
therefore  take  this  opportunity  of  sup- 
plying the  omission.  Mrs.  Bover  was 
the  only  daughter  of  George  Malbon, 
esq.  descendant  of  the  Malbonsf  of 
Bradeley,  in  the  county  of  Chester. 
She  died  Jan.  2, 1794,  having  survived 
her  husband  somewhat  more  than 
eleven  years.  By  her  Captain  Bover 
had  issue,  as  I  have  before  stated,  no 
less,  I  believe,  than  eighteen  children, 

*  See  p.  371  of  the  preceding  volume. 

f  Bradeley  Hall,  with  its  demesne,  was 
for  many  centuries  the  property  and  re- 
sidence of  this  family,  and  was  granted  by 
Joamia,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Wil- 
iUm  Blalbank,  Baron  of  Nantwicb,  to  her 
kiaffnaii  Willicun  Malbon. 


but  several  of  that  number  died  in 
early  life.  Those  who  survived  to 
more  advanced  years  were  as  follow : 

1.  George,  of  whom,  being  the  last 
surviving  male  descendant  of  the  fa- 
mily, I  will  speak  hereafter. 

2.  John,  who  was  brought  up  to 
the  naval  profession^  and  after  serving 
the  accustomed  period  as  a  midship' 
man,  was  appointed,  by  Vice-Adm.  Sir 
Peter  Parker,  then  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  Fleet  at  Jamaicaj  Second 
Lieut,  of  H.M.S.  the  Lion.  This 
promotion  took  place  on  the  9th  of 
March,  1780 ;  and,  after  remaining 
about  three  years  in  the  Lion,  Lieu- 
tenant Bover  was  transferred  to 
H.M.S.  the  Canada.  He  did  not, 
however,  remain  long  in  that  ship, 
for,  in  1784,  we  find  him  holding  the 
commission  of  Lieutenant  in  H.M.S. 
Centurion,  of  60  guns,  of  which  also 
he  was  Lieutenant  at  Arms.  Whilst 
filling  this  honourable  position  he  was 
unfortunately  seized  with  illness,  and 
before  many  weeks  had  elapsed  fell  a 
victim  to  the  climate  of  the  West 
Indies,  in  the  prime  of  life,  and  de- 
votedly attached  to  his  profession,  in 
which,  had  his  life  been  spared,  there 
is  every  reason  to  believe  he  would 
have  considerably  distinguished  him- 
self. In  one  of  his  letters  to  a  friend 
in  England  during  his  station  at  Ja- 
maica, he  writes  in  these  spirited 
terms :  "  On  board  the  Lion.  We  have 
had  a  tolerable  successful  cruize,  but 
it  seems  very  strange  to  hear  in  every 
other  quarter  of  some  brave  naval  ac- 
tion, whilst  we  hitherto,  except  during 
the  alarm  from  the  Comte  D'£stang» 
have  cruized  in  perfect  safety,  and  in- 
sulted the  enemy  even  at  the  mouth 
of  their  own  harbour.  I  must  con- 
fess," he  adds,  "  it  is  highly  unsatis- 
factory to  be  so  totally  excluded  from 
the  opportunity  of  gaining  credit  in 
one's  profession." 

3.  Henry,  who  was  also  brought 
up  to  the  naval  profession,  and  served 
for  some  time  on  board  H.M.S.  Sand- 
wich, but  was,  alas!  cut  ofi^  in  the 
vigour  of  youth  even  at  a  still  earlier 
period  in  his  career  than  his  brother 
John.  He  died  at  sea  whilst  serving 
as  a  midshipman,  but  1  am  not  aware 
to  what  ship  he  was  then  attached. 

4.  William,  who  by  his  own  choice 
adopted  the  profession  of  arms,  and 
entered  the  service  at  an  early  age  as 
an  Enaigu  in  the  5th  Foot.    He  soon 


32 


Memoirs  of  the  Bover  Family. 


[July, 


afterwards  exchanged  into  the  41st, 
which  latter  corps  he  joined  at  Hilsea 
Barracks   in    1787.       He   served   for 
some  time  with  this  regiment  in  Ire- 
land, and  on  the  28th  February,  ]  790, 
was   promoted  to  the   rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant.     The  41  St  Foot  stood  at  this 
period,  I  should  say,  as  high  in  mi- 
litary estimation  as  any  regiment  in 
the  British  army.     It  was  then  com- 
manded   by    Major- General   Stirling, 
and  under  the  Lieut.-Colonelcy  of  Sir 
Charles  Gordon  ;  and  the  great  hero 
of  the  age,  the  Duke  of  Wellington, 
was  serving  in  it — a  youthful  subal- 
tern— having  joined   the  regiment  in 
the   same  year  as  Lieut.  Bover.     In 
1793  the  4 1st  was  ordered  out  to  the 
West  Indies,  and  Lieut.  Bover  accord- 
ingly sailed  with  his  regiment  in  the 
latter  part  of  that  year  from  Cork.    He 
had  no  sooner,  however,  arrived  at  his 
destination  than  he  began  to  exhibit 
evident  symptoms  of  decline  from  the 
effects  of  the  climate,  and  before  the 
end  of  the  year  following  the  grave  had 
closed  on  another  member  of  this  fa- 
mily, whose  professional  career  pro- 
mised in  after  years  to   have  shed  a 
lustre  on  his  name.     He  died  univer- 
sally respected   and  beloved  both  by 
the  officers  and  men  of  the  regiment, 
and  having  deservedly  gained  a  cha- 
racter by  his  honorable  and  upright 
conduct,  which  long  survived  in  the 
recollection  of  his  companions  in  arms. 
5.  Peter,  who   was   born   5th  Oc- 
tober, 177*2,  and,  adopting  his  father's 
profession,  entered  the  navy  in  1/89, 
as  a  volunteer  on  board  H.M.S.  Per- 
sens.     In  the  course  of  the  same  year 
he  was  removed  to  the  Queen,  and  in 
1788  we  find  him  serving  on   board 
H.M.S.  Crown,  a  64-gun  ship,  then 
bearing  the  broad  pennant  of  the  Ho- 
nourable Commodore,  afterwards  Ad- 
miral Cornwallis.     Here  young  Bover 
contracted  an  intimacy  and  friendship 
with   the   late   Sir  Christopher  Cole, 
K.C.B.   (who  was  an   officer  in   the 
same  ship),  which  continued  to  exist 
with  unabated  fervour  during  their  re- 
spective lives.    To  the  gallant  Admiral 
Cornwallis  he  was  much  indebted  on 
several  occasions  for  his  advancement 
in  the  service,  and  for  a  kindness  of 
feeling  and  a  warmth  of  interest  in  his 
behalf,  which  was  evinced  at  all  times 
towards  him    in  no  ordinary  degree. 
He  had  also  the  good  fortune  to  be- 


come the  favoured  proteg^  of  Admiral 
Affleck,  who,  in  one  of  his  letters  to 
the  family,  after  speaking  of  his  con- 
duct in  the  service,  adds :  "  A  Bover 
will  always  find  friends  in  the  navy* 
it  is  a  name  which  will  ever  be  dear 
to  the  service."     Our  hero  was   ap- 
pointed a  Lieutenant  of  H.M.S.  Mi- 
nerva 20th  Sept.  1793,  and  was  sub- 
sequently for  some  time  in    the  Ex- 
cellent, and  the  Cssar.      In  the  year 
1796   he  was  appointed   First  Lieu- 
tenant of  H.M.S.  London,  of  98  guns, 
bearing  the  flag  of  Admiral  Sir  John 
Colpoys,  G.C.B. ;  and  his  brave  and 
intrepid  conduct  as  an  officer  of  that 
ship,  on  the  occasion  of  the  Mutiny  at 
the   Nore    in   the   following  year,   is 
matter  of  historical  record.    The  mu- 
tineers, it  will  be  remembered,  had  de- 
termined upon   holding  a  convention 
of   delegates  on   board   the   London, 
which   the   admiral   as    determinedly 
opposed ;  and  the  former,  finding  that 
they  were  resisted,  fired  upon  the  ship, 
and  wounded  a  marine  officer.     Lieut. 
Bover  seeing  this  gave  orders  to  the 
marines   to   fire  upon   the   delegates, 
which  they  did,  and  five  of  the  party 
were  killed.    The  seamen  of  the  Lon- 
don, in  consequence  of  the  death  of 
the  delegates  by  the  firing  of  the  ma- 
rines, then  seized  Lieutenant  Bover, 
and  were  proceeding  to  suspend  him 
from  the  yard-arm  for  the^  orders  he 
had  given,  but  through  the  interces- 
sion of  several  of  the  crew,  by  whom 
he   was  greatly  beloved,  and.  in  con- 
sequence of  Admiral  Colpoys  assuring 
them   that  he   had   acted  strictly   in 
compliance  with  the  orders  received 
from  the  Admiralty,  they  consented  to 
spare   his   life,  and   contented  them- 
selves by  making  him  and  the  other 
officers  close  prisoners  to  their  cabins. 
Lieut.  Bover's  letters  about  this  period 
are  of  so  interesting  a  nature,  that  I 
avail  mj'self  of  the  opportunity  I  hap- 
pen to  have  afforded  me  of  making  a 
few  extracts  from  them.     In  his  first 
communication    after    the     outbreak, 
dated  "  Gosport,  May  11,  1797,"  he 
writes  thus : 

*'  My  Dear  ►— ,  I  have  been  in  a  most 
critical  situation,  but  all  is  again  well ;  I 
was,  fortunately,  much  beloved  by  several 
of  the  ship's  company,  and  that  alone  has 
saved  me  ;  their  respect  for  me  has  in- 
creased much  since  the  business." 

In    a   subsequent    letter  dated  on 


1843. 


The  Mutiny  at  the  Nore. 


33 


board  the  London,  May  14th,  1797>he 
writes  as  follows  : 


**My  Dear 


•f  I  would  attempt  to 


give  you  a  particular  account  of  this  un- 
happy business  were  it  not  from  the  ap- 
pearance of  things  it  is  most  likely  I 
shall  have  an  opportunity  of  doing  so  by 
word  of  mouth  in  a  short  time,  at  any 
rate  as  soon  as  these  negotiations  shall 
have  put  a  finale  to  the  war.  Unfortunate 
as  it  may  have  been,  it  has  bettered  my 
prospect  of  promotion  very  considerably, 
from  the  circumstance  of  my  having  been 
placed  in  a  distinguished  situation  by  the 
Admiral  and  Captain  at  the  time  when  it 
was  first  determined  to  endeavour  to  com- 
pel the  mutineers  to  subordination.  I 
was  fortunate  enough  to  give  the  Admiral 
so  much  satisfaction  by  my  behaviour 
then,  that  he  has  declared  his  intention 
of  making  a  point  of  my  being  promoted. 
The  delegates  have  finally  determined  not 
to  receive  any  of  the  officers  that  have  been 
turned  on  shore  from  the  ships,  and 
insist  that  no  two  of  them  shall  ever  be 
appointed  to  the  same  ship.  You  see  *  it 
is  an  ill  wind  that  blows  nobody  good,* 
and  I  am  peculiarly  lucky  in  not  only 
remaining  in  the  ship,  but  likewise  en- 
joying the  most  thorough  confidence  of 
the  ship's  company,  who,  I  am  happy  to 
tell  you,  are,  in  common  with  the  rest  of 
the  fleet,  most  excessively  enraged  at  the 
idea  of  any  republican  agents  stirring 
them  up  to  sedition,  and  are  unalterably 
resolved  not  to  meddle  with  anything  but 
what  they  have  already  asked,  and  which 
immediately  concerns  themselves  only.*' 

I  cannot  forbear  presenting  your 
readers  with  another  of  Lieutenant 
Bover's  letters  about  the  same  period, 
which  manifests  in  the  strongest  man- 
ner  his  nobleness  of  character  and  dis- 
position. The  letter  I  allude  to  is 
dated  on  board  the  London,  June, 
1 797/  and  is  as  follows : 


**  My  Dear 


-,  I  believe  our  com- 


mander  in  chief  has  been  completely 
renversi  by  the  unhappy  disturbances 
amongst  the  seamen,  for,  though  there 
have  been  vessels  going  in  every  day,  and 
we  have  had  constant  communication 
between  Plymouth  and  Falmouth,  he  has 
not  once  made  the  signal  for  an  opportunity 
of  sending  in  letters.  I  write  this  merely 
by  chance,  not  knowing  whether  I  shaU 
not  myself  carry  it  into  port ;  not  that  it 
is  of  much  consequence,  as  the  contents 
of  it  must  necessarily  be  confined  to  the 
assurance  of  all  being  well  on  board  the 
ships  of  this  fleet.  I  fancy  there  is  no 
rtafoii  now  but  the  courts  martial  on  the 
mj^tineers  of  the  Nore  for  keeping  us  out» 
OsKT.  Maq.  Vol.  XX. 


which  I  think  is  a  very  sufficient  one.  A 
delegate  on  board  the  Royal  George  pro- 
posed a  few  days  ago  to  petition  the  King 
for  a  general  pardon  of  the  North  Sea 
rebels ;  but,  on  his  attempting  to  gain  a 
party  in  the  ship,  he  was  hissed  wherever 
he  went,  and  the  other  delegates  told  him 
if  he  brought  any  petition  of  the  kind  to 
them,  that  they  would  beat  his  brains  out. 
We  yesterday  heard  that  several  of  the 
lieutenants  of  the  ships  of  the  Nore  had 
been  made  commanders,  and  two  of  the 
mids.  of  this  ship  made  lieutenants,  on 
account  of  their  conduct  in  the  mutiny. 
I  thought  I  could  venture  to  promise  one 
of  the  men  belonging  to  this  ship  a  situa- 
tion as  mate  of  a  West  Indiaman  out  of 
Liverpool ;  he  was  principally  instrumental 
in  saving  my  life  when  I  had  fifty  pistols 
levelled  at  my  head,  and  the  yard  rope 
round  my  neck,  and  by  his  manly  eloquence 
procured  a  pardon  from  the  delegates  for 
the  Admiral  and  Captain  when  every  one 
conceived  it  impossible  that  they  could  be 
saved.  He  is  an  excellent  seaman,  and 
understands  navigation,  and  I  will,  some 
of  these  days,  shew  you  some  letters  of  his 
in  my  behalf  that  would  do  honour  to  the 
most  virtuous  philanthropist.  I  wish 
very  much  to  accomplish  this  business,  as 
I  cannot  sit  easy  under  such  a  load  of 
gratitude.  You  shall  see  him  whenever 
we  have  a  peace,  and   I   have  told  him 

whether  I  am  at  W n  or  not  that 

you  will  be  able  to  succeed  in  executing 
the  plan.  You  will  be  very  much  pleased 
I  think  when  you  see  him,  for  in  my  idea, 
which,  perhaps,  may  be  partial,  there 
never  was  such  expressive  integrity  painted 
in  a  man's  countenance.'' 

In  consequence  of  Lieut.  Bover's 
gallant  behaviour  on  the  occasion  of 
the  mutiny  he  was  shortly  after  gazetted 
Post-Captain,  and  was  appointed  to 
the  command  of  the  Hecla,  with  which 
ship  he  was  in  the  engagement  off 
Camperdown  under  Admiral  Duncan. 
The  following  letter  from  him  shortly 
prior  to  that  event  cannot  fail,  I  think, 
to  interest  your  readers.  It  is  dated 
on  board  the  Hecla,  Texel,  31  st  August, 
1797. 


**  My  Dear 


-,  Little  did  I  expect 


when  you  left  me  that  the  next  time  I 
wrote  to  you  would  be  from  Texel,  either 
as  a  conqueror  or  a  prisoner  ;  but,  how- 
ever, in  spite  of  a  continued  dishearten- 
ing series  of  tempestuous  weather,  and  an 
obstinate  and  formidable  opposition  to  the 
landing,  here  we  are,  complete  masters  of 
all  the  forts  and  anchorage,  with  six  sail 
of  the  line,  four  frigates,  and  five  India- 
men.    The  fleet,  which  was  ready  for  tea, 

F 


34 


The  Victory  off  Camperdoum. 


[July, 


under  Adml.  Storey,  consisting  of  eight 
sail  of  the  line  and  four  frigates,  are  moved 
higher  up  among  the  shoals,  hut  it  is  next 
to  impossible,  if  not  quite  so,  for  them  to 
escape.    Adml.  Mitchell  followed  them 
up  yesterday  with  nine  sail  of  the  line 
and  several  frigates,  and  went  as  high  as 
the  wind  and  tide  would  allow,  which  was 
within  about  four  miles   of  them.     He 
then  sent  a  frigate  to  summon  them  to 
surrender,  and  there  is  no  doubt  but  that 
they  will  be  in  our  possession  this  day 
either  by  capitulation    or   battle.     The 
weather  has  been  most  uncommonly  bad 
ever  since  we  left  England,  and  for  eight 
days  never  allowed  us  to  venture  near  the 
coast.     On  the  ninth  a  deceitful  gleam  of 
sunshine    brought  us   to    an  anchor  off 
Camperdown,  but  a  sudden  and  violent 
gale  of  wind  compelled  us  to  put  imme- 
diately to  sea  with  the  loss  of  a  great 
many  anchors,  &c.     At  that  time  they  so 
little  expected  us  in  this  part  that  there 
would  have  been  no  opposition  ;  but  our 
being  driven  off  the  coast  gave  them  time 
to    collect  about  five    thousand  troops, 
amongst  which   were   two  battalions    of 
riflemen.      On   Monday  last    we    again 
anchored  close  to  the  shore  within  musket 
shot.    The  whole  coast  here  is  a  range  of 
sand  hills,  low,  and  particularly  calculated 
for  the  deadly  operations  of  these  rifle  • 
men,  whom  we  observed  stationing  them- 
selves singly  in  the    most  advantageous 
situations.     On  Tuesday  morning  at  four 
o'clock   the    flat  boats  advanced  to   the 
inner  line  of  gun-boats  and  bombs,  when 
the  general  fire  was  opened  with  a  tre- 
mendous  cannonade    along    the    beach, 
which  was  soon  well    cleared,    and  the 
boats  moved  forward  with  three  cheers  in 
the  highest  order,  and  almost  at  the  same 
moment  seven  thousand  men  were  landed, 
the  Admiral  the  first  man  on  shore,  and 
after  him  the  General.     You  will  have 
seen  by  the  Gazette  that  the  southern  di- 
vision, under  Sir  Jas.  Pulteney,  was  im- 
mediately   engaged,    and    continued    in 
action    several    hours    on     very    disad- 
vantageous terms  ;  but  our  troops  behaved 
most  incomparably.     The  strength  of  the 
enemy  had,   however,  been  underrated, 
and  about  half  past  ten  our  people  were 
obliged  to  fall   back,  and  many  of  our 
wounded  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Pa- 
triots, who  cut  their  throats  and  murdered 
them  as  fast  as  they  came  up  with  them. 
The  tide  was  soon  turned  by  the  arrival  of 
a    reinforcement,    and    the    enemy  was 
again  driven  in  on  all  sides.     A  body  of 
about  a  thousand  cavalry  made  a  despe- 
rate charge  on  the  Queen's  and  another 
regiment,  but  they  were  received  on  the 
bayonet  in  capital  style,  and  repulsed  with 
great  109s.    The  action  continued  till  late 


in  the  afternoon,  when  the  enemy  re- 
treated to  their  fortified  camp  at  Alk- 
maar,  having,  by  estimation,  about  two 
thousand  men  killed  and  wounded,  a 
great  many  lying  dead  on  the  field  of 
battle.  The  weather  again  turned  against 
us,  and  before  Tuesday  noon  the  wind  and 
sea  had  increased  so  much  that  there  was 
hardly  communication  with  the  shore. 
Several  boats,  and  many,  both  soldiers 
and  sailors,  were  drowned.  Before  night 
the  communication  was  entirely  cut  off, 
and  the  whole  of  the  troops,  with  about 
six  hundred  sailors,  lay  on  the  sand-hills, 
without  any  sort  of  camp  equipage,  where 
they  have  been  ever  since,  as  the  weather 
has  rendered  it  impossible  to  land  any- 
thing.  Most  of  the  transports  have  now 
got  in  here,  and  they  will  soon  have  all 
the  comforts  which  a  soldier  ever  has  in  a 
late  campaign. 

"  September  1st.  I  am  very  happy  that, 
in  making  this  addition,  I  can  give  you 
the  satisfaction  of  hearing  that  the  whole 
Dutch  fleet  has  surrendered.  When  Adm . 
Mitchell  hoisted  the  Orange  flag,  in  con- 
junction with  the  British,  the  Dutch  sea- 
men declared  they  would  not  fire  a  shot 
at  it,  so  that  the  officers  were  obliged  to 
give  up.  It  consists  of  eight  sail  of  the 
Une,  three  frigates,  and  a  sloop  of  war, 
but  we  shall  get  no  prize  money  I  suppose, 
as  they  are  all  taken  possession  of  in  trust 
for  the  Prince  of  Orange.  We  are  in 
daily  expectation  of  a  body  of  sixteen 
thousand  Russians.  Everything  is  going 
on  as  well  as  it  is  possible.  The  Patriots 
are  retreating  from  Alkmaiar,  and  on 
Tuesday  our  army  begins  to  advance.  The 
weather  still  continues  tremendously  bad, 
and  I  am  much  afraid  there  will  be  some 
loss  amongst  the  ships  outside  that  have 
not  been  able  to  get  in.  Many  have  been 
on  shore  through  the  fault  of  pilots, 
amongst  the  rest  H.  M.  S.  Hecla,  but 
she  has  not  received  any  damage." 

Subsequently  to  this.  Captain  (Peter) 
Bover  commanded  the  Blenheim  and 
the  Magnificent,  to  the  former  of 
which  he  was  appointed  through  the 
interest  of  Lord  St.  Vincent,  who,  in 
one  of  his  letters,  writes  to  him  as 
follows  : 

**Dear  Bover,  —  I  have  named  you 
twice  to  the  Admiralty,  and  once  to  an 
Admiral  whose  Captain  was  likely  to  go 
on  shore,  and  I  write  in  the  strongest 
terms  by  this  post  to  Sir  Charles  Cotton.* 
"  Very  sincerely  yours, 
St.  Vincent.'* 


*  Sir  Charles  Cotton  was  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  the  Channel  Fleet. 


1^43.] 


Memoirs  of  the  Bover  Family. 


35 


The  career  of  this  gallant  officer, 
however,  like  that  of  so  many  of  his 
brothers,  although  giving  indeed  bright 
promise  as  to  the  future,  was  destined 
to  be  but  short-lived.  He  sailed  for 
the  West  Indies  in  the  latter  part  of 
the  year  1802,  and  had  no  sooner 
arrived  in  port  there,  than  he  was 
seized  by  an  illness  brought  On  by  the 
climate,  which  terminated  fatally  with- 
in a  very  short  time. 

Captain  Bover  married,  in  1800, 
Miss  Cole,  sister  of  his  quondam 
associate  and  friend.  Sir  Christopher 
Cole,  and  of  Dr.  Cole,  Rector  of  Exeter 
College,  and  Vice  Chancellor  of  the 
University  of  Oxford,  but  by  this  lady 
he  left  no  surviving  issue. 

Of  this  gentleman's  character  in  the 
domestic  relations  of  life  as  a  son  and 
a  brother,  I  cannot  speak  in  terms 
sufficiently  commendatory. 

He  displayed  at  all  times  a  generous 
warmth  of  affection  towards  his  family, 
which  reflects  the  utmost  credit  on  his 
memory.  Although  possessing  an  in- 
come, which,  I  should  say,  was  barely 
adequate  to  his  wants,  on  several 
occasions,  when  he  had  prize  money 
to  receive,  it  was  with  the  greatest 
reluctance  that  he  consented  to  apply 
it  for  his  own  advancement,  liberally 
offering  to  share  it  with  the  other 
members  of  his  family.  In  his  public 
capacity  as  a  member  of  the  British 
Navy,  he  enjoyed  the  reputation  of 
being  a  brave  and  enterprizing  sailor, 
and  the  gallant  qualities  which  he  ex- 
hibited in  the  service  gave  indeed  fair 
prospect  that  a  career  thus  nobly  be- 
gun would  in  its  progress  have  been 
attended  with  lasting  and  honourable 
distinction  to  himself,  and  with  benefit 
to  the  country  under  whose  banner  he 
served.  His  conduct  on  all  occasions 
furnished  unquestionable  proof  of 
consummate  skill  and  ability  in  his 
profession  ;  and,  had  he  survived,  op- 
portunity alone  would,  I  think,  have 
been  wanting,  to  have  gained  for  him 
a  high  position  amongst  the  naval 
heroes  of  Great  Britain. 

Captain  (John)  Bover's  daughters 
were  as  follows : — 1 .  Maria,  who  died 
unmarried,  and  was  buTied  inGrappen- 
hall  Church,  Cheshire.  This  lady  was 
esteemed  quite  one  of  the  beauties  of 
the  age,  and  her  portrait  was  painted 
by  Hoppner,  and  engraved  by  Watson. 
Her  graceful  deportment  and  elegance 


of  manners,  combined  with  a  sparkling 
flow  of  wit  and  spirits,  ensured  for 
her  the  admiration  of  all,  and,  although 
we  find  that  she  passed  through  life 
in  a  state  of  spinsterhood,  I  much 
question  whether  it  was  from  lack  of 
opportunity  that  she  did  so.  Miss  B. 
with  her  sisters,  was  received  into  the 
first  circle  of  society  in  the  county  of 
Chester,  and  was  a  constant  visitor 
also  at  the  houses  of  the  leading 
gentry  in  the  adjoining  counties.  The 
three  sisters  might  indeed  I  think  have 
proved,  if  not  successful  rivals,  at 
least  fair  competitors  for  the  palm  of 
beauty  and  attraction  with  the  lovely 
and  accomplished  Misses  Gunning, 
whom  fame  has  so  highly  immortalized. 
2.  Sophia,  married  in  1784  to  Edward 
Dicconson,  esq.  of  Wrightington  Hall, 
Lancashire,  but  died  without  issue  ; 
and  3rd,  Anne,*  married  to  the  Rev. 
Edward  HinchlifFe,  M.A.,  Rector  of 
Barthomley,  co.  Chester,  (now  dead), 
son  of  Dr.  John  Hinchcliffe  Bishop  of 
Peterborough,f  and  has  had  issue, 
1.  Edward,  in  holy  orders,  now  Rector 
of  Barthomley,  and  a  magistrate  for 
Cheshire.  2.  John,  in  the  Royal 
Navy,  dead.  3.  Henry  Walter,  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  Royal  Artillery, 
dead.  4.  William,  now  resident  at 
Stockton  Lodge;  and  5.  Robert-Bover  ; 
and  four  daughters,  1.  Fanny  Christi- 
ana; 2.  Elizabeth  Sophia,  married  to 
the  Rev.  Edward  Henry  Owen,  Rector 
ofCound,  CO.  Salop,  younger  son  of 
the  late  William  Owen,  esq.  M.P.  of 
Woodhouse,  in  that  county,  and  has 
issue  ;  3.  Mary,  married  to  the  Rev. 
H.  M.  Cockshott ;  and  4.  Emma^ 
unmarried. 

I  now  come  to  speak  of  the  last 
surviving  male  representative  of  this 
family,  George  Bover,  esq.  who  was 
born  in  the  year  1764,  and  received 
his  education  at  the  Grammar  School 
of  Warrington.  Owing  to  an  un- 
fortunate weakness  in  one  of  his  limbs, 
he  was  necessarily  compelled  to  adopt 
a  profession  where  less  active  service 
would  be  required,  than  in  those  in 

*  This  lady  is  the  only  sur/iving  child 
of  the  late  Captain  John  Bover,  and 
resides  at  Worleston  Cottage  near  Nant- 
wichi  Cheshire. 

t  By  Elizabeth  his  wife,  daughter  of 
John  Crewe,  esq.  of  Crew6|  and  isister  of 
John  Lord  CrewOf 


3« 


Deteription  of  Berkhampttead  Castle. 


[J«ly, 


which  his  brothers  had  embarked.     He 
was  articled  in  1780  to  a  highly  respect- 
able firm  in  Warrington,  with  whom 
he  remained  until  nearly  the  close  of 
his  clerkship.     From  thence  he   re- 
paired to  London,  and  completed  his 
studies  in  the  chambers  of  Mr.  Manley, 
an  eminent  practitioner  in  the  Temple. 
He  continued  with  this  gentleman  a 
few  months  after  his  admission,  and 
then  returned  to  Warrington,  where, 
after  a  short  time,   he  entered  into 
partnership  with  Messrs.  Nicholson* 
of  that  town.     With  these  gentlemen 
he  enjoyed  for  many  years  a  consider- 
able practice,  and  established  a  highly 
respectable  connection  in  Warrington 
and  its  neighbourhood.    Through  the 
interest  of  his  sister  Maria,  he  was  a 
few   years   after  his  return  into  the 
country  introduced  to   the   notice   of 
the  late  Lord  Maynard,  who  appointed 
him  receiver  and  auditor  of  his  estates, 
and  in  this  capacity,  and  in  the  more 
confidential  relation  of  a  private  friend 
and  adviser,  he  acquitted  himself  so 
greatly   to    the   satisfaction    of   that 
noble  lord,  and  so  won  his  esteem  and 
regard,  that  by  his  will  he  bequeathed 
to  him  the  very  handsome  legacy  of 
j^20.000,  with  a  life    interest  in  the 
Manor    of  Walthamstow,    including 
Shern  Hall,  in  Essex,  and  appointed 
him  one  of  his  executors.     With  these 
ample   means    at    his   disposal,    Mr. 
Bover  naturally  felt  inclined  to  free 
himself   from    the     engagements     of 
business,  and  shortly  after  the  death 
of  Lord  Maynard,  which  took  place  in 
1824,  he   began  to  withdraw  himself 
from  the  active  duties  of  the  profession, 
of  which  he  had  been  during  a  long 
series  of  years  so  honourable  and  up- 
right a  member.     He   resided   after- 
wards to  the  time  of  his  death,  as  he 
had  done  for  some  time  previously,  at 
Stockton   Lodge,    about     two    miles 
distant  from   Warrington,  and   there 
dispensed  to  a  large  circle  of  friends 
the  gladdening  and  welcome  cheer  of 
hospitality. 

He  was  in  fine  the  beau  ideal  of  an 
old  English  gentleman,  and  gifted  as 

•  The  firm  was  then,  "Nicholson, 
Bover,  and  Nicholson,''  but  subsequently, 
on  the  death  of  the  elder  Mr.  Nicholson, 
Mr.  B.  became  the  senior  partner  in  the 


he  was  with  an  enlightened  and  cheer- 
ful mind,  combined  with  a  pleasing 
vivacity  of  manners  and  conversation, 
his  society  proved  at  all  times  both 
amusing  and  instructive.  Your  Cor- 
respondent has  had  the  pleasure,  in- 
deed he  would  say  the  privilege,  of 
spending  many  very  pleasant  hours 
under  his  roof,  and  it  gives  him  no 
slight  gratification,  Mr.  Urbai^  I  can 
assure  you,  to  have  this  opportunity 
of  recording  his  humble  tribute  of 
esteem  and  respect  for  the  memory  of 
one,  to  whom  he  was  indebted  for 
many  acts  of  kindness  in  his  youth. 

Mr.  Bover  was  a  Deputy  Lieutenant 
of  the  CO.  Palatine  of  Lancaster,  and 
died  at  his  residence^  Stockton  Lodge, 
15th  July,  1839.  Thanking  you  for 
the  space  you  have  allowed  me  to 
devote  to  this  subject  in  your  time- 
honoured  journal, 

I  am.  Yours,  &c.  J.  N. 


Mr.  Urban.  May  16. 

TH  E  Castle  of  Berkhampstead  is  so 
famous  in  English  history,  as  having 
been  the  residence  of  the  Black  Prince 
after  his  return  from  Bordeaux,  that 
an  account  of  its  actual  condition  at 
this  time  will  not  be  without  interest 
to  your  readers. 

This  castle  stands  in  the  parish  of 
Berkhampstead*  at  the  foot  of  a  mo- 
derate hill  which  occupies  its  northern 
and  eastern  sides,  and  the  ground 
upon  its  other  sides  is  fiat,  naturally 
marshy,  and  capable  of  being  flooded 
without  much  difficulty. 

The  castle  is  composed  of  a  central 
or  inner  bailey,  an  inner  fosse,  a 
middle  bailey,  an  outer  fosse,  and  a 
third  or  outer  bailey,  of  small  extent, 
and  partially  provided  with  a  fosse. 
There  is  also  a  mound  attached  to  the 
inner  bailey,  and  a  sort  of  ravelin  in 
advance  of  the  fosse '  on  the  north 
side. 

The  inner  bailey  is  an  irregular  oval 
court  of  considerable  size,  surrounded 
by  a  wall,  and  containing  the  remains 
of  various  buildings.  The  wall  is  of 
flint  rubble,  of  moderate  thickness. 
The  battlements  and  upper  part  are 
everywhere  destroyed,  and  the  wall 
itself  has  been  breached,  and  the  ruins 
removed,  in  many  places.  It  is  also 
in  other  parts  partially  undermined. 
There  are  indications  of  a  gate  at  the 


1843.] 


DescriptioH  of  Berkhampsttad  Castle. 


3jr 


aouthern  end,  and  of  a  hall  or  other 
large  building  towards  the  north-east 
corner.  On  the  western  side  is  part 
of  a  half-round  mural  tower  connected 
with  some  other  buildings. 

At  the  north  end  of  this  bailey,  a 
part  is  removed  to  make  room  for  a 
lofty  mound  of  earth  which  rises  out 
of  the  inner  fosse.  The  summit  of 
this  mound  shews  the  foundations  of 
a  circular  wall»  which  is  connected 
with  the  inner  bailey  by  a  cross  wall 
or  curtain  which  appears  to  have  ex- 
tended down  the  side  of  the  mound 
and  across  the  fosse,  and  to  have 
formed  the  only  communication  be- 
tween the  mound  and  the  rest  of  the 
castle. 

The  inner  foaae  is  a  very  deep  and 
broad  ditch,  completely  encircling  the 
mound  and  inner  bailey,  and  spread- 
ing out  towards  the  south  and  south- 
east into  a  considerable  pool.  The 
whole  of  this  fosse  is  wet. 

The  middle  haihy  consists  of  a  steep 
and  lofty  bank  of  earth,  which  forms 
the  division  between  the  inner  and 
the  middle  fosse,  and  encircles  the 
whole.  This  bank  is  very  narrow  at 
the  top,  and  does  not  appear  to  have 
been  crowned  with  a  wall,  except  at 
one  or  two  verylimited  portions,where 
are  traces  of  masonry.  Its  figure  is 
irregular,  and  it  is  highest  on  the 
north-eastern  side,  where^  the  natural 
defences  of  the  place  are  least  strong. 
On  the  southern  side  of  this  bank  are 
the  remains  of  a  gateway.  It  is  also 
at  present  cut  through  a  little  east  of 
the  gateway  for  the  passage  of  water, 
and  a  little  west  of  the  same  to  form 
the  modern  entrance.  It  is  probable 
that  the  former  opening  was  anciently 
defended  by  a  wall  and  dam  with  a 
sluice,  but  that  the  latter  is  wholly 
modern. 

The  middle  fosse,  which  surrounds 
this  bailey,  is,  like  the  inner  one,  wet, 
being  fed  by  the  waters  of  the  adjacent 
stream.  This  fosse  also  encircles  the 
whole  place,  and  it  is  the  most  exterior 
of  the  works  that  does  so.  It  also  is 
deepest  towards  the  north-east.  On 
the  south-eastern  side  it  expands  into 
an  extensive  marsh,  now  however  cur- 
tailed by  the  embankment  of  the  Lon- 
don and  Birmingham  railway.  These 
workt  complete  the  defences  of  the 
place  upon  the  southern  and  south- 
•idc0.     The  higher  ground 


that  is  opposed  to  the  remainder  de- 
manded an  additional  line  of  defence, 
and  this  is  given  by  the  ravelin  and 
the  outer  bailey  and  fosse. 

The  ground  begins  to  rise  towards 
the  north-west,  and  here  is  placed  the 
ravelin.  This  is  a  triangular  platform 
of  earth,  slightly  raised,  placed  on  the 
outside  of  the  fosse,  and  having  a 
small  fosse  of  its  own.  It  bears  no 
traces  of  masonry. 

North  of  this  commences  the  outer 
bailey.  This  is  a  lofty  bank  of  earth* 
forming  the  segment  of  a  circle,  and 
thus  defending  the  place  on  the  north- 
eastern side.  Its  rear  forms  the  out- 
side or  counterscarp  of  the  middle 
fosse ;  its  top  is  of  no  great  breadth, 
level,  and  bearing  no  traces  of  either 
wall,  parapet,  or  banquette.  At  its 
western  end  it  terminates  in  a  con- 
siderable mound  or  bastion  of  earth  ; 
at  its  other,  or  southern  end,  it  ter- 
minates also  abruptly,  being  cut  off 
by  a  part  of  the  middle  fosse.  It  is 
also  cut  across  near  its  middle,  and 
thus  divided  into  two  independent 
parts,  whilst  its  fosse  is  fed  with 
water  from  the  rear.  Along  the  front 
of  this  bank  project  seven  large  bas- 
tions of  earth,  commanding  the  inter- 
mediate curtaii^s  and  the  approaches, 
after  the  manner  of  a  modern  forti- 
fication. 

The  bailey  is  defended  by  an  outer 
fosse,  also  for  the  most  part  wet.  The 
ground  exterior  to  this  fosse  rises  ra- 
pidly, BO  as  to  give  considerable  fa- 
cilities to  those  who  should  attack 
the  castle  on  this  side. 

The  castle,  as  it  at  present  stands^ 
is  undoubtedly  Edwardian,  and  pos- 
sibly erected  by  the  Black  Prince  or 
his  father.  The  general  plan,  the 
moderate  thickness  of  its  walls,  and 
the  skill  shewn  in  the  disposition  of 
its  fortifications,  may  be  considered 
as  conclusive  arguments  upon  this 
point.  The  mound  may  be  of  Nor- 
man date ;  if  so,  the  additional  works 
have  been  most  skilfully  disposed,  so 
as  to  derive  the  greatest  benefit  from 
its  presence,  by  causing  it  to  occupy 
the  weakest  side.  There  is  however 
no  reason  stronger  than  general  ana- 
logy for  regarding  this  mound  as 
Norman. 

The  works  of  the  outer  bailey  are 
yery  cnridos,  and  closely  resemble 
thoM  of  the  foftificationa  in  nae  be« 


38 


The  Aristotelian  Logic, 


[July, 


fore  the  days  of  Vauban  and  Cohorn. 
They  are  however  probably  original. 

Tt  is  singular  that  the  middle  and 
outer  bailey  should  be  without  either 
walls  or  parapets,  since,  in  the  event 
of  their  being  taken,  they  would  en- 
able the  enemy  seriously  to  annoy 
the  castle.  It  is  to  be  desired  that  a 
careful  survey  were  made  of  this  cas- 
tle, the  works  of  which  would  pro- 
bably throw  much  light  upon  the 
ancient  system  of  fortification. 

C. 


Mb.  Urban,  Bath,  May  11. 
THAT  there  is  much  of  needless  com- 
plexity, and  a  useless  effort  at  a  sort  of 
mechanical  certitude,  in  the  differences 
of  mood  and  figure  appertaining  to  the 
Aristotelian  logic,  will  be  denied,  I 
think,  by  few.  The  objections  to  the 
system,  however,  as  a  whole,  must 
chiefly  have  arisen  from  the  misuse 
and  the  abuse  of  logical  forms  in  ages 
of  ignorance  and  barbarism,  for  they 
seem  to  proceed  on  the  supposition 
that,  if  we  give  any  place  to  the  logic 
of  the  schools,  all  converse  should  be 
turned  into  debate,  and  every  reason 
be  stated  syllogistically.  The  objections 
first  started  have  been  continued  by 
the  fashion  to  run  down  what  has  been 
once  depreciated,  and  in  some  quarters, 
I  suspect,  by  the  lurkings  of  envy  to- 
ward literary  rivals.  Thus,  even  that 
eininent  man  Dr.  George  Campbell 
(Rhetoric,  b.  I,  ch.  6)  amid  aheap  of 
words  inveighs  against  syllogism  as  if 
designed  for  an  instrument  of  original 
discovery,  rather  than  of  detection  of 
pretended  truths,  and  confirmation  of 
real  truths  already  known.  The  fol- 
lowing is  the  first  example  at  which 
he  carps  :  "All  animals  feel ;  all  horses 
are  animals  ;  therefore  all  horses 
feel."  Hereupon  he  remarks,  "  It  is 
impossible  that  any  reasonable  roan, 
who  really  doubts  whether  a  horse  has 
feeling  or  is  a  mere  automaton,  should 
be  convinced  by  this  argument,  for," 
Sj:c.  &c.  But  what  reasonable  oppo- 
nent of  so  strange  a  notion  would  not 
first  inquire  of  the  doubter  whether  he 
did  or  did  not  believe  that  animals 
are  sentient  beings.  If  he  admitted 
their  power  of  sensation,  the  syllogism 
conclusrvely  shows  the  folly  of  his 
doubt.  If  he  denied  the  existence  of 
that  power,  no  such  syllogism  could 
^v^r  be  foimed  agaipst  him ;  but  he 


would  be  addressed  from  other  topics, 
tending  to  show  that  animality  and 
sensibility  are  invariably  associated. 
If,  indeed,  he  made  an  exception  of 
horses,  while  allowing  sensation  to 
others  similarly  made  and  moving 
creatures,  ike  reasonable  course  would 
be  no  longer  to  argue  with  him.  And 
this  last  remark  I  think  a  sufficient 
answer  to  Dr.  Campbell's  further  ob- 
jection,— *'  It  is  possible  that  one  may 
believe  the  conclusion  who  denies  the 
major."  But  men  begin  to  see  the 
folly  of  pretending  to  discard  that 
without  which  they  can  no  more  reason 
than  they  can  talk  without  air. 

Your  correspondent  who  signs  D. 
S.  (May,  p.  481,)  has  done  that 
justice  to  logic  which  Dr.  Whateley, 
its  professed  expositor,  has  failed  to 
do.  If,  to  quote  your  correspondent's 
words,  the  archbishop  asserts  of  a 
certain  problem,  that  "a  logical  de- 
monstration of  it  is  impossible,"  as- 
suredly the  masterhimself  would  have 
disclaimed  such  an  exposition,  and 
have  authoritatively  pronounced  that 
his  rules  are  universally  true  or  utterly 
fallacious.  Professor  Newman  also 
(late  of  Bristol  College),  in  his  instruct- 
ive lectures  on  logic,  article  Syllogism, 
speaks  of  the  right  reverend  logician 
as  under  a  mistake,  observing  of  the 
celebrated  argument  against  infinite 
divisibility,  that  it  was  "  Dr.  Whate- 
ley's ....  business  to  reduce  (the 
sophism  to  syllogistic)  form,  and  to 
show  us  that,  when  reduced,  it  offended 
some  of  the  Aristotelic  rules  (whereas, 
says  Mr.  Newman,  it  depends)  on  a 
false  premiss  suppressed."  This  pre- 
miss, a  mathematical  one,  he  adds  ; 
mathematical  also  is  the  solution  by 
De  Crousaz  given  us  by  your  corres- 
pondent. But  mathematics,  I  confess, 
are  beyond  my  ken.  Conceiting,  too, 
that  mathematics  rest  on  logic,  that 
consequently  there  must  be  some  plain 
mode  of  treating  every  question,  not 
purely  one  of  computation,  I  submit 
to  you,  sir,  what  I  have  never  yet  seen, 
and  in  the  hope  of  its  being  acceptable 
and  satisfactory  to  many  merely  lite- 
rary  readers  like  myself,  a  simply  lo- 
gical arrangement  and  solution  of  this 
far-famed  sophism,  here  veiled  under 
the  form  of  a  little  apologue. 

It  happened  in  heroic  times  that 
swift- footed  Achilles  once  thought  to 
catch  a  tortoise  which  was  crawling 


1843.] 


Achilles  and  the  Tortoise >^^British  Coins. 


39 


off  as  fast  as  its  little  legs  could  carry 
it  from  the  sight  of  man,  that  common 
foe  of  bird  and  beast  and  every  creep- 
ing thing.  The  tortoise,  however, 
having  the  start  of  his  pursuer  on  the 
ground,  and  ground,  as  ancient  sages 
say,  being  infinitely  divisible,  and  in- 
finite divisibility,  as  deeper  investi- 
gators  show,  compelling  all  beings  to 
mince  their  movements  infinitely,  it 
came  to  pass  that  Achilles,  hindmost 
at  setting  out,  could  never,  with  all 
his  striving,  overtake  the  tortoise  first 
ahead,  thus  verifying  the  adage,  slow 
and  sure  ! 

A  single  perusal  I  imagine,  sir,  of 
this  tale-told  Sorites,  will  enable  any 
intelligent  man  to  perceive  the  falsehood 
of  the  second  intermediate  premiss, 
since,  allowing  even  the  truth  and  ap- 
plicability of  the  first,  it  is  manifest 
that  nothing  hinders  the  swifter  at  his 
earliest  very  near  approximation  to  the 
slower  from  making  at  one  effort  so 
much  way  as  either  to  reach  the 
slower  or  leave  it  far  behind.  But, 
though  matter  be  infinitely  divisible, 
it  is  false  incontrovertibly  that  either 
Achilles  or  the  tortoise,  either  man  or 
beast,  can  infinitely  divide  ;  the  very  di- 
mensions of  their  instruments  of  motion 
soon  bring  them  to  a  stand- still ;  and 
only  an  eternal  power  is  adequate  to 
an  endless  operation.  The  first  inter- 
mediate premiss,  therefore,  is  alto- 
gether dubious,  the  second  is  a  false 
assumption  based  upon  a  doubtful 
medium,  the  conclusion  contradicts 
reality,  and  the  design  would  limit  the 
power  of  the  Almighty. 

Before  concluding  this  paper,  suffer 
me  to  remark  on  the  unfortunate  use 
of  the  term  infinite  in  questions  of  va- 
lious  science,  occasioning  a  vast  con- 
fusion of  ideas ;  without  an  end  is  the 
simple  meaning  of  the  word  ;  but  be- 
cause the  word  may  also  signify  with- 
out any  bounds  either  of  beginning  or 
of  end,  and  is  thus  constantly  applied 
to  the  Deity,  it  sounds,  indeed,  most 
marvellous  to  men  to  hear  of  infinite- 
simals and  infinite  division.  Yet  are 
they  apt  to  think  even  this  may  be 
effected  as  they  believe  in  the  existence 
of  a  God.  But  an  actually  infinite  di- 
vUion'is  a  thing  impossible,  since  every 
division  must  have  a  beginning,  and 
on  the  supposition  is  never  terminated  ; 
continue  it  through  countless  ages, 
and  it  will  still  have  two  extremes. 


and  must  be  finite ;  for,  though  end- 
lessly divisible,  no  quantity  can  ever 
have  been  infinitely  divided.  Let  infi- 
nite, therefore,  and  its  derivation,  be 
confined  to  their  proper  subjects ;  to 
God,  to  space,  and  to  duration  ;  and 
the  terms  indefinite,  interminate,  im- 
measurable, innumerable,  and  so  forth, 
take  their  place  in  questions  falling 
under  human  comprehension  or  in- 
vestigation. The  change  could  at 
least  not  injure  truth,  and  would  aid 
the  unscientific.      Yours,  &c. 

J.  P.  Bartrum. 


Mr.  Urban,  Northampton,  Feb.  27. 

IN  the  report  of  the  proceedings  of 
the  Numismatic  Society  in  your  Ja- 
nuary number,  p.  78, 1  observe  a  slight 
mistake  relative  to  the  coin  belonging 
to  Mr.  Alfred  Beesley  of  Banbury.  It 
is  stated  that  on  the  obverse  is  an  ear 
of  corn,  and  on  the  reverse  a  horse, 
wheel,  &c.  with  the  letters  qvanteo. 
I  have  in  my  possession  a  gold  British 
coin  of  similar  fabric,  with  the  horse, 
wheel,  &c.  on  the  concave  side,  and 
the  reverse  or  convex  side  quite  plain. 
Respecting  the  inscription  on  Mr. 
Beesley*s  coin,  I  find,  from  a  very 
careful  perusal  of  it,  that  it  reads 
QVANTE,  and  the  symbolic  mark  re- 
sembles one  on  my  coin,  which  is 
without  an  inscription.  In  the  plate 
of  Symbols  on  British  Coins,  given  in 
the  Numismatic  Chronicle,  Nos.  26 
and  27  are  similar.  A  coin  belonging 
to  Mr.  Cuff,  and  probably  from  the 
same  die,  has  been  engraved  in  the  Ist 
vol.  of  the  Numismatic  Journal,  and 
described  in  page  223,  No.  8.  And 
in  the  last  edition  of  Ruding  the 
same  coin  is  again  engraved.  Id  both 
works  the  reverse  is  described  as  bear- 
ing a  fern-leaf,  and  not  an  ear  of  corn ; 
from  the  probable  imperfection  of  the 
coin  they  differ  so  far  as  regards  the 
legend.  In  the  latter  publication  it 
is  given  caiii,  and  what  has  been 
conjectured  to  be  o,  or  the  symbolic 
mark,  on  Mr.  Beesley's  coin,  forms 
part  of  the  neck  of  the  horse.  In  the 
Numismatic  Journal  they  give  the  in- 
scription CATTi.  Two  of  my  anti- 
quarian friends  have  suggested  that 
QVANTE  may  probably  be  intended  for 
CANTi  or  Kent. 

Yours,  &c.    1^. 


40 


TBI  WIBDOlf  or  AOEy  A  BALLAD  ;  SHEWING  THE  VALVE,  QUALITY,  AND  EFFECTS 
THEREOF,  IN  A  FEW  PLAIN  STANZAS.  BY  ONE  WHO  HAS  LITTLE  SKILL  IN 
THE  MYSTERY  OF  RHYME.  (THE  REV.  WILLIAM  HARNESS,   M.A.) 

THE  April  morn  was  bright  and  mild. 

And  the  sunbeams  danc'd  on  the  dewy  moor. 

As  an  aged  roan  and  little  child 
Thus  talked  beside  their  cottage-door  : 

"  Look,  grandfather !  what  joy !  what  joy  ! 

'Twill  be  a  fine  sunshiny  day  ; 
In  the  cowslip-fields,"  exclaimed  the  boy, 

"  ril  pass  the  happy  hours  away." 

"  'Twill  rain  ere  noon,"  the  old  man  replied : 

"  When  you  have  lived  as  long  as  I, 
You  will  know  better  than  confide 

In  this  soft  air  and  glowing  sky." 

"  Oh  1  "  cried  the  boy,  "  if  this  is  all 

We  gain  by  growing  gray  like  you— 
To  learn  what  show'rs  at  noon  will  fall. 

While  yet  the  morning  heavens  are  blue, 

"  I'd  rather  know,  as  I  do  now. 

Nothing  about  the  coming  hours. 
And,  while  it's  fair,  with  careless  brow 

Enjoy  the  sun  and  gather  flowers." 

"  Ay,  but,  my  boy,  as  we  grow  old," 
Sigh'd  that  aged  man,  "  we  learn  much  more  ; 

Truths  which,  in  youth,  we're  often  told. 
But  never  feel  as  truths  before  ;— 

"  That  love  is  but  a  feverish  dream  ; 

That  friendships  die  as  soon  as  born  ; 
That  pleasures  which  the  young  esteem 

Are  only  worthy  of  our  scorn ; 

"  That  what  the  world  desires  as  good. 

Riches  and  power,  rank  and  praise. 
When  sought,  and  won,  and  understood. 

But  disappoint  the  hopes  they  raise ; 

"  That  life  is  like  this  April  day, 

A  scene  of  fitful  light  and  gloom ; 
And  that  our  only  hope  and  stay 

Centre  in  realms  beyond  the  tomb.' 

Thus  wisely  spoke  that  gray-hair'd  man  : 

But  little  fruit  such  wisdom  yields ; 
Off,  while  he  talked,  the  urchin  ran 

To  gather  cowslips  in  the  fields. 

And  sure  in  nature's  instinct  sage 

The  child  those  with'ring  lessons  fled, 
Conn'd  from  the  worn  and  blotted  page 

Of  the  world's  book  perversely  read  : 

For  soon  he  reached  those  fields  so  fair. 

Murmur  d  his  songs,  and  wreath'd  his  flowers  ; 

While,  laughing,  'neath  the  hawthorns  there. 
He  crouched  for  shelter  from  the  showers. 


tf 


18430 


Sir  W.  Betham  on  the  Hihemo^Celtic* 


41 


Mr  .  Urb  A.N,  Dublin,  June  1 . 

I  HAVE  ever  been  impressed  with 
the  notion  that  you  love  truth  above 
all  things.  I  therefore  make  this  com- 
munication, confident  that  you  will 
not  refuse  its  insertion,  because  the 
verity  may  be  In  some  respects  un- 
palatable. 

In  the  Review  of  my  Etruria  Cel- 
TiCA,  your  critic  certainly  did  not  give 
the  fair  and  laborious  attention  neces- 
sary to  enable  him  to  pronounce  a 
correct  judgment.  He  passed  over 
all  with  railroad  speed,  and  knew  as 
little  of  its  contents  as  the  passenger  of 
the  country  he  whirls  through  inside 
a  railroad  carriage.  He  gives  but  one 
etymological  quotation,  and  that  one  he 
quotes  falsely,  from  the  hasty  and  su- 
perficial mode  of  his  perusal.  "  One 
will  tuffice,**  says  he,  and  then  adds, 
"  the  stubborn  g  in  the  middle  of  the 
word  negatives  the  etymology,  by  its 
absence." 

It  is  only  necessary  to  refer  to  the 
work,  and  the  g  will  be  found  obsti- 
nately keeping  its  place,  which  the 
blundering  critic  supplied  with  an  s. 
If  there  be  one  etymological  deriva- 
tion more  palpable  than  another,  Li- 
guria  is  that  one — hag  stony,  or  rocky, 
up  coast,  la  country. 

Well,  the  critic  is  upbraided  with 
his  blunder,  and  he  endeavours  at 
an  erratum!  in  which  he  makes 
another  exhibition  of  his  inatten- 
tion to  the  contents  of  my  work. 
He  says,  "  I  have  unaccountably 
passed  by  the  palpable  Greek  deriva- 
tion of  Campania."  Had  he  really 
read  the  book  he  pretends  to  criticise, 
he  would  have  seen  that  the  whole 
tenor  of  the  argument  was  to  repudiate 
Greek  derivations  as  far-fetched  and 
inappropriate.  His  own  derivation 
of  Campania  is  anything  but  ob- 
vious. 

The  important  discoveries  in  sci- 
ence and  literature  of  the  most  illus- 
trious benefactors  of  mankind  have  all 
at  their  first  promulgation  been  met 
with  a  torrent  of  ridicule  or  persecu- 
tion, which  few  have  lived  long  enough 
to  see  stemmed.    Galileo,  Copernicus, 

«arvey.  Sir  Charles  Bell,  Bruce,  and 
uber,  are  examples  of  the  injustice 
and  ingratitude  of  their  contempora- 
ries. These  men  "  braved  the  pr^u- 
dices  qf  satisfied  mediocrity  by  boldly 
stating  their  discoveries,"  which  were 
GliNT.  Mag.  Vol..  XX, 


eventually  established  and  received  as 
truth,  and  in  many  cases  a  priority  of 
discovery  was  claimed  by  filching  pre- 
tenders. They  were  criticised  and  ri- 
diculed not  only  by  ignorant  sciolists, 
incompetent  to  estimate  their  won- 
derful grasp  of  intellect,  or  the  value 
of  the  product  of  their  labours,  but 
by  many  eminent  scholars  and  scien- 
tific men  of  their  day,  who,  startled 
by  novelties  subversive  of  their  educa- 
tional prejudices,  rejected  truth  with- 
out the  examination  necessary  to  as- 
certain it.  Many  candid  and  honest 
critics  have  afterwards  acknowledged 
the  injustice  of  such  hasty  criticisn). 
It  is  not,  therefore,  for  so  humble  and 
insignificant  a  writer  as  myself  to 
complain  of  similar  treatment. 

Few  men  possess  temper  and  pa- 
tience necessary  to  investigate  novel- 
ties repugnant  to  received  opinions, 
and  the  established  dogmas  of  the 
schools.  Prejudice  arms  them  to 
the  teeth  against  inquiry ;  common 
sense  and  reason  are  of  no  avail,  at- 
tention will  not  be  accorded.  My 
discovery  of  the  identity  of  the  Hi- 
berno- Celtic  with  the  Etruscan,  and 
the  affinity  of  both  with  the  Phoe- 
nician, is  obnoxious  to  more  than 
common  ridicule  and  objection.  The 
Irish  language  and  literature  have  ever 
been  the  objects  of  sneers  and  butt  of 
contempt,  partly  from  not  being  un- 
derstood, but  more  from  the  ignorant 
pretensions  of  ill-informed  individuals 
professing  to  understand  it.  The 
very  few,  if  any,  general  scholars  who 
understood  Gaelic,  have  not  given  that 
critical  analysis  and  philological  re- 
search necessary  to  enable  them  to 
judge  of  its  value  and  importance. 

Not  being  either  an  Irish  or  Scot- 
tish Gael,  I  have  no  national  prejudice 
to  gratify  in  endeavouring  to  establish 
the  antiquity  and  philological  as  well 
as  historical  importance  of  the  Hi- 
berno-Celtic.  For  twenty  years  I 
have  given  it  much  attention.  I  com- 
menced my  labours  under  the  prejudice 
of  all  Englishmen ;  but  evidence  pro- 
duced coDviction,  after  a  long  and  un- 
remitted inquiry,  that  the  time  is  not 
far  distant  when  the  identity  above 
mentioned  will  be  universally  admit- 
ted. It  only  requires  a  candid  and 
fair  investigation  to  produce  that 
result. 

I  may  not  live  to  see  it,  but  I  should 
^  G 


42 


7%tf  Irish  and  Wdth  Languages. 


[Jniy, 


not  have  remained  satisfied  with  my- 
self had  I  not  published  the  result  of 
my  trying  but  gratifying  labours, 
If^nich  very  few,  if  any,  may  have  the 
opportunity,  if  they  possessthe  incli- 
nation, to  undertake. 

Since  writing  the  above  your  June 
No.  has  come  to  hand.  I  am  induced, 
from  its  perusal,  to  trespass  somewhat 
ihore  upon  your  patience  with  a  few 
further  remarks. 

The  mystical  rubbish  about  Noah, 
and  the  arkite  deities,  Mithraic  caves, 
helio-arkiie  theology  engrafted  on  Dru- 
idic  rites  !  the  heUy  of  KM,  and  such 
like  stuff,  which  has  really  no  intelli- 
gible meaning,  and  only  serves  to 
nauseate  the  subject  of  Celtic  antiqui- 
ties and  philology, — but  is  so  flip- 
pantly put  forth  by  persons  who  know 
but  little  of  what  they  are  speaking, 
and  merely  follow  up  the  mysti- 
fication which  has  so  long  imposed 
upon  the  world  and  rendered  the  in- 
quiry contemptible, — should  no  longer 
be  tolerated.  No  sooner,  however,  is 
an  attempt  made  to  give  from  actual 
examination  a  rational  and  •probable  de- 
finition  of  ancient  languages,  manners, 
and  customs,  from  the  remains  of  a 
people  who  are  admitted  by  all  to  have 
existed,  than  a  general  cry  is  raiised 
like  that  of  "  great-  is  Diana  of  the 
Ephesians,"  glorious  is  the  humbug 
i^nich  has  kept  the  world  in  thie  dai-k, 
mighty  the  dreams  and  conceptions  of 
fanciful  men,  who  have  without  pre- 
mises  formed  the  most  ridiculous  sys- 
tems, imagined  the  existence  of  na- 
tions, and,  SLSsuming falsehood  for  fact, 
deceived  themselves  and  others  for 
ages,  by  gravely  postulating  as  theo- 
rems systems  repugnant  to  common 
sense. 

One  of  these  is  the  assumption  of 
\he  identity  or  affinity  of  the  Welsh 
ahd  trish  languages,  and  your  corres- 
pondent S.  T.  P.  p.  608,  has  been  so 
misled.  '  I  suppose  he  understands 
Welsh  ;  but  he  certainly  is  profoundly 
ignorant  of  the  Irish.  He,  however. 
Ventures  to  pronounce  judgment  like 
a  learned  Tbeban,  and  says  : — 

"  iVb^withstanding  his  (the  author 
of  Etruria  Celtica)  abilities,  most 
Celtic  scholars  will  not  hesitate  to*  say, 
that  he  has  not  proved  his  case ;  in- 
deed, it  can  be  shown  that  the  Irish 
language  was  not  in  existence  previ- 
ously to  the  Christian  era/ 


tt 


This  is  a  curiously  constructed 
sentence  of  negatives,  n6t  one  of  which 
can  S.  T.  P.  prove.  The  learned 
Welsh  are  not  Celtic  scholars,  and 
S.  T.  P.  probably  does  not  kno#  One. 
Notwithstanding  the  tenacity  with 
which  most  Welsh  writers  adhere  to 
the  idea,  it  has  been  repudiated  by  the 
learned  and  eminent  Welsh  authors 
and  philologists,  Edward  Llwyd  and 
the  ReV.  Peter  Roberts.  The  former 
confesses  that  he  failed  to  find  more 
than  a  few  hundred  words  common  to 
both  languages,  which  may  be  ac- 
counted for  by  neighbourhood  and 
consequent  intercourse.  Roberts,  who 
compared  the  two  languages,  is  still 
more  explicit,  and  says : — 

*'  The  Irish  and  Welsh  languages 
are  of  no  more  use  to  the  knowledge 
of  each  other,  than  the  mere  know- 
ledge of  the  Latin  would  be  to  under- 
stand the  Greek. 

"  The  grammatical  structure  is  ra- 
dically different.  Having  formed  his 
opinion  from  comparison  of  the  tWto 
languages,  he  felt  'le-ss  hesitation  th 
stating  the  fact  which  (fVelsh)  anti^d- 
ries  had  mistaken^*** 

Bishop  f^rcy,  who,  although  not  a 
Welshman,  Was  an  eminent  philolo- 
gist, says,  "  I  cannot  thitak  they  (the 
Irish  and  Welsh)  are  derived  from  one 
Celtic  ^tock." 

Professor  t).  Forbies,  eminent  as  a 
Gaelic  scholar,  in  your  pages,  Mt. 
Urban,  clearly  demonstrated  that  there 
was  no  affinity,  and  he  is  borne  out  ^y 
every  sound  Gaelic  scholar. 

1  am,  therefore,  justified  iU  the  opi- 
nion I  have  myself  formed  from  actual 
comparison,  and  have  no  hesitation  in 
declaring  that  such  evidehcie  shows 
the  Cymbri  and  the  Gael  to  be  altoge- 
ther different  in  origin ;  that  the  latter 
being  Celts,  the  former  were  of  Teu- 
tonic or  northern  origin. 

From  the  positive  language  in  which 
S.  T.  P.  asserts  that  it  can  he  shown 
that  the  Irish  tongue  did  not  exist  be- 
fore the  Christian  era,  we  have  a  right 
to  assume  that  he  is  prepared  to  show 
it ;  if  not,  he  has  been  most  indiscreet 
in  making  the  assertion.  Negatives 
are  always  difficult  of  proof ;  no  pru- 
dent man  will  attempt  to  prove  them. 
Proof  here,  except  by  an  affirmative 
showing  the  period  of  the  origin  qf  the 
Irish,  is  impossible. 

If  S.  T.  P.  would  take  ah  Irish  dil^- 
tionary  and  grammar,  and  make  a 


IMS.] 


Stpt^hral  T^ltia  at  Ciiogw. 


COMpurison  with  the  WeUh,  he  would  de-lis  form  here  seen,  occurs  ou   a 

Bot  hereafter  bs  disposed  to  take  for  grave-Etose  ea  das  d'ane,  figured  in 

granted  the  bold  asBertions  of  those  Carter's ''Aaeieal  Architecture,"  plate 

who   have   not  examined    into  facts,  XLV-anddeacribedaalyingonUie wall 

Uki  know  as  little  as  himself  from  ori-  of  Castor  Church-;ard,NoTthampton- 

ginal  evidence.     Let    him  judge  for  shire, 
^imeelf,  and  I  am  satisfied  he  will  re- 


thote  who  merely  reiterate  the  itbsur- 
dities  of  their  predecessors.  Among 
other  errors  S.  T.  P.  states  the  iden- 
tity of  the  Basque  with  the  Irish.  Mr. 
Borrow,  whose  worti  on  Spain  forms 
your  first  article  in  the  last  number, 
knew  both,  and  declares  that  there  ia 
no  affinity,  but  that  the  Basque  is  akin 
to  Mancl^  Dirlar .'.' f  It  is  too  bad 
for  persona  to  pretend  to  teach  who 
know  nothing. 

Yours,  &c.    W.  Betham. 

Ma.  Ubban, 

DURING  a  late  visit  to  the  very 
interestiog  old  city  of  Cologne,  1 
observed  io  the  church  of  "  St.  Mary 
in  the  Capitol  "  a.  number  of  curiously 
sculptured  stone  tablets,  apparently 
sepulchral,  and  with  the  aspect  of 
considerable  antiquity.  They  were 
affixed  to  the  waits,  some  under  the 
O^ftn  at  the  weat  end  of  the  church, 
and  others  in  the  ante. chapel  adjoin- 
ing, where,  probably,  they  had  been 
gathered  together  from  different  locali- 
ties for  preservation,  I  sketched  four 
of  tbem,  and  have  much  pleasure  in 
forwarding  them  to  yon. 


Fig.  3  is  '2  feet  6  inches  high,  and  2 
feet  II  inches  wide. 

Pig.  i  (as  represented  over  leaO  is 
7  feet  5  inches  high  on  one  side,  and 
7  feet  9  inches  on  the  other.  The 
top  measures  3  feet  3  inches,  and 
the  bottom  2  feet  6  inches. 

The  ornamental  portions  are  in 
relief,  formed  for  the  most  part  by  a 
rounded  member. 

The  church  itself  h  one  of  the 


1   the  city. 


It  c 


nave  and  aide  aiales,  (separated  by 
rectangular  piers,  and  plain  semicir- 
cular arches,*]    transept    terminated 


•  The  arohwsjB  are  9  feet  wide,  aUd 
about  12  feet  high  to  the  springing  of  the 
F!g.  1  is  6  feet  high  in  the  centre,     arch.     Bach  pier  is  6  feet  3  incheti  wide 
uid  Sftet  11  inches  wide.    Tbefieur-     on  the  face. 


Leller  to  a  JBrtg  Gentral " — iy  Jirniia  ? 


[July, 


opeoed  our  XXXth  vol.  at  we  Stn, 
(beiDg  I  portioD  for  Nor.  I7(>0,)  nu 
pecnliorlj  attracted  bjr  '  ExtracU  from 
a  Letter  to  sa  Hon.  Brigadier- General.' 

CanceiviDg  tliat  the  style  of  these  eilracti 
exactly  corresponded  nilh  the  nerve  and 
point  of  the  larcastio  Junius,  he  ie  strongly 
of  opinioQ,  that,  if  the  author  of  the  letter 
in  qucGtion  should  be  known,  it  will  be 
DO  difficult  task  to  set  at  rest  the  inquiry 


The  very  Letter,  thus  pointedly 
noticed,  was  reprinted  in  1840;  anil 
in  vol.  XV.  of  your  New  Series,  i.e. 
for  March  1S4 1,  may  be  seen  a 
lengthened   i   *'  " 


1760,    eitraclf 
letter.      In    I 

subsequently, ; 


north  Bod  south  by  a  semcrcular 
abs  B  crowDed  by  a  hero  apher  cat 
dome  and  a  cho  r  w  tl  a  m  lar  abs  a 
at  east  end  An  a  ale  a  formed  a  ound 
the  absides  by  coIuidds  and  semi 
circular  arches.  These  columns  have 
eaormous  cushion  capitals,  and  di- 
minish in  diameter  from  the  bottom 
towards  the  top.  They  would  seem 
originally  to  have  been  rectangular 
piers,  and  afterwards  worked  into 
their  present  form. 

Externally  St.  Mary's  is  a  rude  type 
of  most  of  the  churches  to  be  found  in 
Cologoe.  It  is,  uDfortUDBtely,  so  far 
decayed  and  otherwise  injured,  as  to 
be  literally  bound  together,  in  parts, 
solely  by  iron  bars  introduced  for  that 
purpose. 

Yours,  &c.     Geobqe  Godwin. 

Ma.  Ukban,      London,  Jane  5. 

CURIOUS  to  learn  the  opinioos 
of  contributors  to  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  during  its  long  and  honour. 
able  career,  concerning  Junius,  I  this 
dar  turned  to  the  index  volumes.  In 
vol.  87.  pt.  ii.  p,  482,  occurs  the 
follow iog  article,  which,  being  concise 
and  in  point,  may  be  given  entire. 

"  pBiLVKBANDs,  bario;  accidentally 


made  from  the 
fifty. seven  yeara 
■r  in  your  columns 
that  he  who 
Letter  wrote  the  Letters  of 
n  1840,  twenty-three  years 
suggestion,  another  party, 
cess  to  the  whole  Letter, 
ike  conclusion,  and  re- 


Your  present  Correspondent  has 
now  before  him  MS.  observations 
by  a  gentleman  (recently  deceased), 
who  had  been  long  connected  with  the 
public  press.  He  had  seen  the  exlraeli 
only  {  had  formed  the  same  opinion  as 
PhiliirbanuB;  and,  previously  to  the 
illness  which  terminated  his  life,  was 
preparing    his    manuscript    for     the 

Thus  three  several  parties,  entirely 
disconnected,  after  reading  either  the 
whole  Letter  or  extracts  from  it  in 
your  Magazine,  arrive  at  one  and  the 
same  conclusion  respecting  it. 

It  is  known  thatthis  Letter  occasioned 
a  bloodless  contest  between  two  noble- 
men, and  that  Horace  Walpole  tells 
the  tale  with  his  usual  piquancy. 
The  authorship  must,  consequently, 
have  been  well  caovassed  at  the  time  ; 
the  writer's  name  in  all  probability 
was  known  ;  and  a  discovery  of  that 
name  would  perhaps  reward  the 
efforts  of  any  who  possess  facilities 
and  inclination  for  the  investigation. 
That  discovery  made,  then  comes  the 
question— Was  he  Junius? 

Yaan,  &c.  Psbscbvtatob, 


45 


RETROSPECTIVE  REVIEW. 


Tragical  Tales  and  other  Poems,  By  George  Turberville.  Reprinted  from  the 
edition  of  1587.  Edinb,  1837,  4/o.  (Printed  for  private  circulation,  and 
limited  to  Jiffy  copies.) 

GEORGE  TURBERVILLE,  the  author  of  these  poems,  was  a  younger 
son  of  Nich.  Turberville,  of  White  Church  in  Dorsetshire ;  was  educated  at 
Winchester,  became  Fellow  of  New  Collie,  Oxford,  1561  ;  but,  before  he  took 
a  degree,  left  it  and  entered  one  of  the  inns  of  court,  where  he  was  admired 
for  bis  poetry.  He  was  secretary  to  Thos.  Randolph,  esq.  who  went  ambas- 
sador from  Queen  Elizabeth  to  the  Emperor  of  Russia.  He  wrote  "  Poems 
describing  the  Places  and  Manners  of  the  Country  and  People  of  Russia,"  anno 
]568.  He  also  published  Epitaphs,  Epigrams,  Songs,  and  Sonnets,  1570, 
Svo.  Turberville  was  also  the  translator  of  the  Eclogue  ofMantuan,  1567 
and  1594,  12mo. ;  and  he  gave  aversion  of  the  "  Heroical  Epistles  of  the 
learned  Poet  P.  Ovidius  Naso,"  of  which  it  is  said  there  were  four  editions,  1567, 
1569»  1600,  and  one  without  date.  A.  Wood  observes,  that  he  finds  George 
Turberville  to  be  the  author  of,  1.  Essays  Politic  and  Moral,  1608,  8vo.  2. 
The  Book  of  Falconry  and  Hawking,  1611,  4to.  revived  by  another  hand.  Of 
this  book  an  earlier  edition  in  1575  has  been  traced.  See  Censura  Literaria, 
vol.  X.  p.  122.  Among  the  Rawlinson  MSS.  there  are  two  copies  of  a  trans- 
lation of  Tasso's  Godfrey  of  Bolloing,  by  Sir  G.  T.  which  Rawlinson  believed 
to  be  Turberville,  but  it  does  not  appear  on  what  grounds  ;  nor  is  it  known 
that  Turberville  was  ever  knighted.  The  period  of  his  death  is  not  known^ 
but  it  occurred,  probably,  previously  to  1611.  The  Tragical  Tales  are  mostly 
taken  from  Boccaccio. 

See,  on  the  works  of  this  poet,  Censura  Literaria,  vol.  i.  p.  319  ;  2nd  ed.  vol. 
iii.  p.  72.  Ritson's  Blbliog.  Poet.  p.  368.  Warton's  Hist,  of  Eng.  Poetry, 
vol.  iii.  p.  421,  vol.  iv.  p,  247*  Ellis's  Specimens,  vol.  ii.  p.  577*  Philips's 
Theatrum  Poetarum,  p.  117.     Bibliotheca  Anglo- Poetica,  p.  359. 

Our  copy  of  the  Heroycall  Epistles  of  Ovid,  &c.  1567*  was  given  to  us  by 
the  late  Mr.  R.  Heber,  and  is  a  very  scarce  volume.  It  may  be  remarked  that 
the  eleventh,  twelfth,  twentieth,  and  twenty- first  Epistle  are  in  blank  verse, 
the  remainder  in  rhyme. 


From  the  Authour  to  the  Reader. 
In  this  thy  hauty  heart  thou  shewst, 

Too  playne  thy  pryde  appeeres, 
How  durst  thou  deale  in  field  affaires  ? 

Leave  off,  unyoke  thy  steeres. 
Let  loftie  Lucan's  verse  alone, 

A  deed  of  deepe  devise, 
A  stately  stile,  a  peerlesse  pen, 

A  worke  of  weightie  pryce. 
More  meete  for  noble  Buckhurst  braine, 

Where  Pallas  built  her  boure, 
Of  purpose  there  to  lodge  herselfe, 

And  shew  her  princely  powre. 
His  swelling  yaine  would  better  blase 

These  royall  Roman  peeres, 
Than  any  one  in  Brutus*  land 

That  Uvde  these  many  yeeres. 
And  yet  within  that  little  isle 

Of  golden  wittes  is  store ; 
Great  change  and  choise  of  learned  ympa 

Ai  8fer  was  of  yore* 
I  Bone  cBsIikey  I  fancie  some, 

SntyetofaUtheresti 


Sauce  envie,  let  my  verdite  passe, 

Lord  Buckhurst  is  the  best. 
Wee  all  that  ladie  Muses  are, 

Who  be  in  number  nine, 
With  one  accord  didblesse  this  babe, 

Each  said — This  ympe  is  mine« 
Each  one  of  us  at  time  of  birth 

With  Juno  were  in  place. 
And  each  upon  this  tender  childe 

Bestowed  her  gift  of  grace. 
Myselfe  among  the  moe  alowde 

Him  poets  praised  skill, 
And  to  commend  his  gallant  verse, 

I  gave  him  wordes  at  will. 
Minerva  lul'd  him  on  her  lappe. 

And  let  him  many  a  kisse  ; 
As  who  would  say — when  all  is  done, 

They  all  shall  yield  to  this. 
This  matter  were  more  meet  tot  Mm, 

And  farre  unfit  for  thee. 
My  sister  Clio  with  thy  khide^ 

Dost  best  of  all  agree,  &c 


46 


Retrospecviye  Review. 


[July, 


ON  THE  RIGHT  NOBLE  LORD  WILLIAM  EARL  OF  PEMBROKE  HIS  DEATH. 


Though  betters  pen  the  |Nrau9 

Of  him  that  earned  fame. 
Yet  pardon  men  of  meaner  skill 

If  they  attempt  the  same. 

Q004  W^  V^9^J  be  as  great 

In  simple  wits  to  write 
In  commendation  of  the  good, 

As  heads  of  deeper  sight. 

^Rierfbr  among  the  rest 
That  me  this  Earles  want, 

Myself  will  set  my  muse  abroach, 
Ahha'  my  Yaine  be  scant. 

This  rea^e  hath  lost  a  lampe 

That  gave  a  gallant  show, 
Ko  stranger  hadf  so  strange  to  us 

But  did  this  noble  know. 

His  yirtues  spred  so  farre, 
His  worthy  workes  so  wide 

That  forrain  princes  held  him  deere 
Where  so  he  was  imploid. 

"Wliose  wit  such  credit  won 

In  couptrey  seryice  stilly 
That  envie  could  not  give  the  cheoke> 

Nor  rancor  reaue  good  will. 

He  ever  kept  the  roume 
Thai  prince  and  fortune  gave, 

As  courteous  in  the  countr^y  as 
la  court  a  courtier  bniTe. 

70  low  and  meanest  men 

A  lowly  npind  he  bo^e. 
No  hautie  hart  to  stoute  estates 

Unlesse  the  cause  were  more. 

But  than  a  lion's  hart 
This  dreadfiQ  dragon  had, 

in  field  among  his  foes,  as  fierce 
As  in  the  senate  sad. 

Had  Pallas  at  his  birth 
For  P^^turoli^^  dpi^ie  (as  lt>est, 

As  nature  did  i  thei\  Pfub^plj^e  ha4 
Surmounted  all  th^  rest. 

For  though  that  learning  lackt 

To  paint  the  matter  out. 
What  case  of  weight  so  weightie  was, 

But  Pembroke  brought  about  ? 


Qy  ^  gv9«t  wefHt^  he  wonne. 

By  fortune  favour  came ; 
With  favour  friends,  and  with  the  friends 

Assurance  of  the  same. 

Of  princes  ever  praised 

Advaunst  and  staid  in  stat^^ 
From  first  to  last  commended  muchi^ 

In  honour's  stoole  he  sate. 

Beloved  of  Heni^y  well. 

Of  fidward  held  as  dieere, 
A  doubt  whether  ionne  or  father  loved 

Him  best  as  might  appeere. 

Queene  Mary  felt  a  want, 

If  Pembroke  were  aw^y, 
So  greatly  she  affied  him, 

Whilest  she  did  haye  the  sway. 

And  of  our  peerelesse  Que^ne, 

That  all  the  rest  doth  p<|sse, 
I  need  not  write,  she  shew'd  hir  love. 

Whose  steward  Pembroke  wa». 

Sith  such  a  noble  then. 

By  death  our  daily  foe. 
Is  r^  this  realme,  why  do  we  not 

By  teares  our  sorrowes  i^owe  ? 

Why  leaue  we  to  lament  ? 

Why  keepe  we  in  our  cries  ? 
Why  do  we  not  pour  out  our  plaints 

By  condites  of  our  eies  ? 

Our  noble  prince,  our  peeresi 
Both  poore  and  riche  n^ay  rue. 

And  each  one  sorrow  Pembroke  d^ad 
That  earst  him  living  knew. 

Yt  joy  in  one  respect 

That  he  who  lived  so  hie 
In  honor's  seat  his  honor  saved 

And  fortunde  so  to  die. 

Which  stroke  of  noble  state, 

Sith  ^uell  des^th  ^1^^  seft*^ 
I  wish  the  branchei|  long  ta  V^ 

That  of  the  roote  are  left. 

And  prosper  so  aHve, 

As  did  this  noble  tree, 
And  after  many  ha^y  dayes 

To  die  as  well  as  hee. 


Another  epitaph  upon  the  death  of  Henry  Sydenliaia  aRd  Gylea  BRmpfield, 
gent : — 

1 

Yf  teares  might  aught  avayle  to  stint  my  woe, 

Yf  sobbing  sighes  breathed  out  from  pensive  b.fest» 

Cqu14  ease  the  gryping  greefes  that  payn  me  |0|^ 
Or  pleasure  Uiem  for  whom  I  am  distrest, 

^eyther  would  %  stycke  with  teares  to  fret  my  fa^e 

Nor  spare  to  spend  redoubled  sighes  apace. 

2 

But  sith  neyther  dreary  drqpa  nor  sighes  have  power 
To  doe  me  good  or  stand  my  frends  in  steede. 

Why  should  I  seeke  wyth  sorrows  to  devoure  ? 
Xllese  hTimors  watiy  fayntyng  lynunes  shovld  fcede* 


Booteless  it  were,  therefore  I  wyl  assay 
To  8he#  mjsdife  a  tstanA  some  other  yrhf% 

3 
Some  otheir  Way,  as  by  hiy  teoturhin^  beH 

¥d  dbb  the  world  td  wit,  what  wyghts  tilfey  were 
Whose  deaths  I  wayle,  what  ireUdly  fotvTtitA  m^, 

And  tb  ttiys  laftd  they  both  did  beard  * 
Alas  t  I  rue  to  name  theih  in  my  verse, 
Whose  only  tiiought  my  trembling  hand  doth  pearse. 

Bntyet  I  m^t  of  foi^  their  namiel  tmlblde 

(For  things  concealde  are  setdoila  Whe^  bdWail*d) — 

T'one  Sydei^am  Wins  k  intolt  wig^t  and  bbldie. 
In  whom  neither  courage  haute,  not  feisiture  fkylde ; 

Faythful  to  frendes,  undaunted  to  his  foes, 

A  lambe  in  love,  when  he  to  fancy  chose. 

5 
The  second,  n^re  uaib  taayselfe  isdlyde. 

Gyles  damfield  higfal  (I  weep  tb  yrtftt  hfi  ftame), 
A  gallant  ympe-,  ikmyd  his  youdiful  pryde^ 

Whose  iieemiy  shape  commeiided  natare*s  fh^e ; 
Deckte  of  the  gods  in  cradle  where  he  lay 
With  lovely  lymmes  and  parts  of  purest  clay. 

6 
TMnseiveis  might  boaist  theyr  birth  for  gentle  blood, 

ThtB  houses  are  vf  countenance  wheace  thef  came, 
Afld  vavuit  I  dare  their  virtues  rare  as  good 

A«  Wato  their  raee»  and  fitted  tb  the  sam«» 
There  wanted  nought  to  make  them  perfect  blest 
8ktt  happy  deathes  >  whtefa  clouded  edl  the  resti 

7 
When  rasofldi  Irysh  faapaed  to  reb^ 

(Who  «eld  we  see  ^o  long  continue  true). 
Unto  the  Lord  of  Essex  lotte  it  fell 

To  have  the  lotte  these  outlaws  to  subdue, 
Who  went  away  to  j^leAse  tiie  ptpynce  aVid  Stal^ 
Attended  on  of  many  a  doughty  mate^ 

8 
Whose  names  althougli  my  dreary  ^yaSl  cbttdeale. 

Yet  they  (I  trust)  wil  take  it  wteli  in  wbrthe, 
For  noble  mindes  employed  to  common  w^e 

Shall  find  a  stemme  to  Maze  theiir  process  foorth  ; 
My  doleful  muse  but  this  alone  intends, 
To  wryte  and  Wayie  my  f^:«ndes  unhappy  endes. 

9 
Away  they  would,  and  gave  their  last  adew. 

With  burning  hearts  to  riay  the  savage  foe. 
Bestride  their  eteads,  and  to  the  sea  they  flew» 

When  weather  rose  and  water  raged  so, 
A6  they  (alas  t)  who  nleant  their  country  good 
We^e  lOrst  to  lose  their  lives  in  Irish  flood. 

10 
Those  eyes  that  should  have  look'd  the  foe  in  £ue 

Were  then  constrained  to  wink  at  every  #ave ; 
Those  valiant  armes  the  billows  did  embrace 

That  vowed  with  sword  this  realm's  renown  to  save ; 
"iThose  manly  minds  that  dreaded  no  mishap 
Were  soust  in  seas,  and  caught  in  suddaln  trap. 


*  Apparently  some  word  is  wanting  in  this  line  to  complete  the  measure. 


48  Retbospectivb  Review.— r«r6ervt7fcV  Poemi.  {July, 

11 

Proad  Eole  prince,  controller  of  the  winds. 
With  churlish  Neptune,  sovereign  of  the  seas. 

Did  play  their  parts  and  show'd  their  stubborn  kinds, 
Whom  no  request  nor  prayer  might  appease. 

The  Trojan  duke  bid  not  so  great  a  brunt 

When  he  of  yore  for  LaTine  lands  did  hunt, 

12 

And  yet  these  wights  committed  none  offence 

To  Juno,  as  Sir  Paris  did  of  yore, 
Their  only  travell  was  for  our  defense, 

Which  makes  me  waile  their  sudden  deaths  the  more. 
But  what  the  gods  do  purpose  to  be  done, 
By  proofs  we  see,  man's  wisdom  cannot  shun. 

13 

Ye  water-nimphes,  and  you  that  ladiet  be 

Of  more  remorse,  and  of  a  milder  mood 
Than  Neptune  or  King  Eole,  if  you  see 

Their  balefull  bodies  driving  on  the  flood, 
Take  up  their  lims,  allowing  tiiem  a  grave. 
Who  well  deserved  a  richer  hearse  to  have. 

14 

Wlieron  do  stampe  this  small  device  in  stone. 

That  passers-by  may  read  with  dewy  eyes, 
When  they  by  chance  shall  chance  to  light  thereon, 

Loe  Sydenham  here,  and  Bampfield's  body  lies. 
Whose  willing  hearts  to  serve  their  prince  and  realme 
Shortened  their  lives  amid  this  wrathfull  streame. 


P.  308  :— 


P.  3/6. 


A  previous  epitaph  on  these  persons  occurs,  p.  340 — 345.    There  are  three 
notices  of  Spenser  ;  p.  300 : — 

My  Spenser,  Spite  is  Virtue's  deadly  foe. 
The  best  are  ever  sure  to  bear  the  blame. 

My  Spenser,  spare  to  speake 
And  ever  spare  to  speede,  &c. 

If  I  should  now  forget, 

Or  not  remember  thee. 
Thou  (Spenser)  mightst  a  foul  rebuke 

And  shame  impute  to  me. 
For  I  to  open  shew 

Did  love  thee  passing  well ; 
And  thou  were  he  at  parture  whom 

I  loathed  to  bid  farewell. 

This  poem  vvas  written  on  his  journey  to  Russia,  and  in  which  he  gives  an 
account  of  the  manners  of  the  country,  as  Spenser  requested  him  to  do. 

And  as  I  went  thy  friend  And  that  the  poast  would  license  us 
So  I  continue  still,  No  longer  time  to  stay. 

No  better  proofe  thou  canst  desire  Thou  wroongst  me  by  the  fist, 
Than  this  of  true  good  will.  And  holding  fast  my  hand, 

I  do  remember  well  Didst  crave  of  me  to  send  thee  news, 
W^hen  needs  I  should  away,  And  how  I  likte  the  land,  &c. 

Among  the  tragical  tales,  p.  183,  occurs  one  on  the  Basill-Pot,  atale  that  has 
been  subsequently  adorned  by  the  genius  of  Mr.  Barry  Cornwall.  Among  the 
sonnets  is  one  to  his  friend  Nicholas  Roscarock,  to  induce  him  to  take  a  wife 
(p.  392),  but  we  do  not  find  anything  more  that  particularly  requires  quotation. 

B—h—lL  J.  M. 

6 


49 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


'^^ 


'">«*^ 


Ten  Tkomand  7%ing8r9laHM  to  China: 
with  a  Synopm  ^  the  Chinese  Col' 
Uction.  By  W,  B.  Langdon. 
THIS  work»  published  by  the 
gentleman  who  is  the  curator  of 
the  Chinese  Collection  in  London, 
will  be  of  great  utility  to  those 
who  visit  it,  and  to  those  who  have 
not  the  opportunity  it  will  afford 
some  insight  into  the  customs  and 
habits  of  the  most  ancient  and  singular 
people  on  the  face  of  the  earth.  We 
turned  to  the  account  of  the  Chinese 
ladiesas  the  first  subject  of  inquiry,  and 
we  found  (p.  67)  that  a  Chinese  lady 
must  not  show  her  hands,  which  are 
covered  with  long  sleeves ;  that  her 
nails  must  grow  very  long ;  that  she 
must  have  large  pendant  ears ;  a 
Blender  willow  waist ;  that  her  natural 
eyebrows  must  be  removed,  and  a  de- 
licate pencil- line,  resembling  Lew- 
shoo^  must  be  drawn  instead ;  that 
her  foot  must  not  exceed  two  inches 
in  length;  and  that  she  must  paint 
her  face  white  and  red.  There  is  a 
good  account  of  the  "Jugglers  "  given 
at  p.  f7  and  following  pages,  We  ex- 
tract one  of  their  feats : — 

'*  A>  inan  is  armed  with  an  instrument 
resembling  a  trident,  or  what  is  termed  by 
sailors  'grains/  to  which  formidable 
weapon  is  attached  a  long  handle  of  bard 
wood.  The  juggler  with  surprising 
stren^^  of  arm  throws  his  weapon  per- 
pendicularly in  the  air  to  a  great  height ; 
as  it  gains  the  greatest  elevation  he  mea- 
sures with  a  practised  eye  and  wonderful 
precision  the  exact  spot  on  which  it  will 
IU1«  To  this  point  he  advances  step  by 
step  I  in  an  instant  the  weapon  descends 
with  fearful  velocity,  scraping  the  edgeb 
of  some  protruding  part  of  his  person, 
thus  giving  proof  of  a  singular  daring  and 
successful  effort  which  surpasses  in  skill 
even  the  most  celebrated  rifle-shots  of  the 
hunter  of  Kentucky." 

The  account  of  a  Chinese  dinner 
givep  by  Captain  Laplace  might  excite 
envy  even  at  the  Mansion  House  (p. 
103).  The  first  coarse  consisted  of 
•alted  earth  worms,  prepared  and 
dried  \  Japan  leather,  a  darkish  skin^ 
hard  and  tough,  with  a  strong  and  not 

GxNT,  Ma«.  Vol.  XX. 


agreeable  taste ;  little  balls  made  of 
shark's  fins  ;  eggs  prepared  by  heat, 
of  which  the  smell  and  taste  are 
equally  repulsive ;  immense  grubs,  crabs, 
and  pounded  shrimps,  &c.  Instead 
of  butter  the  castor- oil -plant  is  eaten. 
The  flesh  of  dogs,  rats,  cats,  and  mice, 
enter  into  the  bill  of  fare.  The  larvae 
of  the  sphinx-moth  and  a  grub  found  in 
the  sugar-cane  are  much  relished,  also 
the  flesh  of  wild  horses,  the  sea-slug, 
and  the  paws  of  bears.  The  water- 
beetle  is  captured  for  food,  and  silk- 
worms are  fried  in  oil.  At  an  impe- 
rial feast  given  to  the  British  embassy, 
a  soup  concocted  of  mare's  milk  and 
blood  was  among  the  dishes.  White 
cabbage  and  soy  complete  the  cata- 
logue of  this  ambrosial  fare. 

There  is  a  good  accouut  of  the  dif- 
ferent teas  given  by  Mr.  Davis  (p.  230) . 
PeJcoe  is  formed  of  the  early  leaf-buds 
in  spring  (Pak-hoo,  white  down).  Sou- 
chong of  the  more  matured  leaves. 
Congou  of  still  larger,  and  Bohea  is  of 
tiie  last  picking.  Bohea  is  the  name 
of  a  district ;  Congou,  man's  labour 
(Kung-foo) ;  Souchong  (smaller  scarce 
sort.)  Green  teas  may  be  divided  into 
1.  Twankay;  2.  Hyson;  3.  Gun- 
powder ;  4.  Young  Hyson.  The  Hy- 
son Pekoe  has  never  been  brought  to 
England  on  account  of  its  scarcity  and 
high  price.  The  mandarins  send  it  in 
very  small  canisters,  as  presents  to 
their  friends.  Green  tea  (p.  233)  is 
not  dried  in  copper,  but  in  pans  of  cast 
iron,* 


White's  History  of  Selbome.  A  new 
Editionwith  Notes.  By  Rev.  Leonard 
Jenyns,  M,A, 

WHEN  Mr.  White  was  observing 
nature  and  her  various  productions 

*  ChinOf  in  a  Series  qf  Views,  &c.  by 
T.  Allom,  esq.  and  Rev.  6.  N.  Wright,  is 
a  beautiful  work  now  in  the  course  of 
publication.  The  scenes  are  highly  in- 
teresting, the  engravings  are  finely  eze« 
cuted,  and  the  descriptions  written  with 
good  tastoi  and  in  a  pleasing  and  agreeab|it 
manner. 

H 


50 


Rbtiew.— Foss's  Grandeur  of  the  Law, 


[July, 


with  the  eye  of  a  scientific  naturalist 
at  Selborne,  with  the  exception  of  Mr. 
Pennant  and  Barrington,  he  had 
scarcely  any  companions  in  his  inter- 
esting field  of  inquiry,  and  he  lived 
remote  from  the  world,  in  a  wild  and 
unfrequented  district  of  northern 
Hampshire.  We  are  old  enough  to 
know  those  who  remembered  White 
in  his  favourite  village  taking  his  re- 
gular morning  stroll  with  his  gun  in 
his  hand,  along  the  hedgerows  and 
coppices  and  by  the  beechen  hangers, 
in  pursuit  of  his  game ;  and  we  our- 
selves have  wandered  over  the  scenes 
of  his  pleasing  labours,  now  completely 
despoiled  of  many  of  their  former 
charms.  White's  volume  contains  the 
knowledge  of  a  naturalist  delivered 
in  the  language  of  a  scholar.  It  has 
been  deservedly  much  praised  and 
read,  and  of  late  several  new  editions 
of  it  have  appeared.  There  is  one  by 
the  late  Mr.  Bennet,  which  is  particu- 
larly distinguished  for  the  valuable 
information  on  the  habits,  instincts, 
&c.  of  birds,  by  Hon.  and  Rev.  Mr. 
Herbert,  now  Dean  of  Manchester; 
and  the  present,  by  Mr.  Jenyns,  will 
be  not  less  esteemed  for  the  original 
matter  which  it  contains.  Mr.  Jenyns 
has  not  made  his  what  may  be  called 
a  variorum  edition  like  the  former,  but 
has  given  White's  text,  with  his  occa- 
sional notes  upon  it,  adding  or  com- 
menting as  was  necessary,  and  as  ad- 
ditional information  has  been  obtained. 
We  gave  to  our  friend  Mr.  Jesse,  a  few 
years  since,  a  list  of  the  birds  which 
had  been  killed  in  ourneighbourhood  on 
the  eastern  coast  of  England  (Suffolk), 
which  he  inserted  in  the  third  volume 
of  his  Gleanings  ;  to  which  we  have 
now  to  add  the  honev  buzzard,  and  a 
most  beautiful  bird,  the  Iceland  falcon, 
the  colour  of  the  plumage  white,  with 
brown  spots, — perhaps  the  only  bird 
of  the  kind  ever  shot  in  England.  It 
probably  had  been  a  trained  bird,  for, 
only  having  been  winged,  it  was  kept 
alive  some  time  ;  and  what  was  curious 
in  his  habits  was  its  willingness  to  be 
fed  by  the  hand,  while  it  never  at- 
tempted to  feed  itself.  This  bird  is  now 
placed  in  a  collection  near  Beccles. 
The  birds  of  prey  of  all  kinds  are  be- 
come extremely  scarce  in  this  part  of 
England;  the  larger  hawks  and  the 
raven  no  longer  seen,  the  crow  and 
nagpie  very  seldoin,  and  in  i^  few 


years  the    owl    will    no   longer    be 
seen 

'* To  wave  its  pinions  gray 

For  more  profound  repose." 

TTie  Grandeur  of  the  Law ;  or,  the  Legal 

Peers  of  England,  8fc,     By  Edward 

Foss,  Esq, 

WE  think  that  Mr.  Foss  has  exe- 
cuted his  work  with  much  judgment 
and  good  taste.  His  biographical 
sketches  vary  in  fullness  and  length 
according  to  the  importance  of  the 
character  delineated,  aod  the  materials 
that  were  at  command.  Mr.  Foss  has 
shown  that  impartiality  that  becomes 
the  historian,  and  has  never  suffered 
either  the  bias  of  politics,  or  the  par- 
tiality of  private  feeling,  to  lead  him 
from  the  truth.  Few  persons,  we  be- 
lieve, who  have  not  read  this  work 
have  any  conception  of  the  debt  which 
our  peerage  owes  to  the  profession  of 
the  law,  and  how  illustrious  are  the 
names  recorded  of  those  persons  who, 
having  risen  to  fame  and  fortune  by 
the  arduous  toil  of  legal  studies,  have 
united  themselves  with  the  oldest  no- 
bility of  the  land.  Of  the  favourable 
reception  of  the  work  we  have  no 
doubt  whatever ;  and  we  think  that 
in  his  next  edition  Mr.  Foss  might 
without  any  hazard  venture  on  the 
extension  of  his  biographical  notices, 
and  with  advantage  give  reference 
to  the  books,  historical  or  critical, 
wherein  the  lives  are  noticed,  or 
the  works  reviewed,  in  the  same 
manner  that  he  has  quoted  from 
Dryden  in  his  character  of  Bucking- 
ham. We  pencilled  the  following 
trifling  notes  on  the  margin  of  our 
copy : — 

Pref.  p.  xi.  Was  not  the  H,  Philips 
whom  Mr.  Foss  mentions  as  the  au- 
thor of  the  work  with  a  title  like  his 
own,  called  the  Grandeur  of  the  Law, 
the  nephew  of  Milton,  and  a  popular 
author  of  the  day  ? 

P.  22.  Should  not  Giddy  Hb\\,  Essex, 
be  Gidea  ?  It  stands  about  two  miles 
from  Romford,  on  the  left  of  the  Col- 
chester road. 

P.  30.  "  The  eldestlEdward  (Bruce) 
the  second  Baron  having  been  killed 
in  a  duel  with  Sir  Edward  Sackville." 
This  was  the  famous  duel  that  is  so 
well  known  from  the  paper  in  the 
Guardian  on  the  subject.  No.  129  and 
No.  133. 


1843.]         Rbvibw.— TAc  Zfli/;yer. — Sketches  of  Human  Life.  51 


P.  145.  We  think  there  is  a  trifling 
mistake  in  the  account  of  the  Lyttle- 
ton  family.  The  present  Lord  is  son 
of  William  Henry  Lord  Lyttleton,  who 
came  to  the  title  on  the  death  of  his 
half-brother,  who  died  unmarried  in 
1828.  If  we  are  right,  grandson 
should  replace  son  in  the  text. 

P.  198.  In  the  account  of  Lord 
Redesdale,  it  might  be  noticed  that  he 
was  returned  for  Beeralston  and  East 
Looe,  in  the  influence  of  the  Duke  of 
Northumberland.  This  laid  probably 
the  foundation  of  his  fortune,  which 
was  sustained  and  improved  by  his 
talents  and  industry.  He  was  a  good 
artist,  drew  with  taste  and  spirit,  and 
possessed  a  critical  knowledge  of  pic- 
tures. Mr.  Foss  has  not  mentioned 
his  controversy  with  Sir  S.  Romiliy  on 
the  subject  of  the  vice-chancellorship. 

Tlie  Lawyer :  his  Character  and  Rule 
of  Life,  8fc,  By  Edward  O'Brien, 
&c. 

A  WORK  written  in  imitation  of 
Herbert's  Country  Parson,  and  de- 
serving praise  for  its  good  sense,  its 
sound  reasoning,  its  pleasing  imagery, 
and  its  finished,  though  quaint,  style 
of  composition.  A  very  well  written 
introduction,  signed  A.  DE  V.  (Aubrey 
de  Vere)  informs  us  that  the  author 
was  his  friend,  that  he  was  the  third 
son  of  the  late  Sir  Edward  O'Brien  of 
Dromeland,  that  he  was  born  in  1808, 
was  at  Trin.  Coll.  Cambridge,  became 
a  member  of  the  Irish  bar,  and  died 
in  1840  of  a  fever. 

**  In  the  composition  of  this  book  (he 
adds)  the  author  had  no  thoughts  of  fame 
or  what  is  called  literary  saccess.  His 
impulse  was  simply  the  love  of  justice ; 
his  only  motive  was  the  desire  to  assist 
others  in  the  performance  of  tiieir  duty.  I 
can  truly  affirm  of  this  treatise  that  it  is 
a  sincere  book.  It  came  from  the  heart 
of  the  author,  and  embodies  his  most 
solemn  convictions. '' 

**  The  style  of  the  following  pages, 
though  different  from  that  of  the  present 
day,  is  entirely  unaffected.  The  author's 
reading  lay  principally  among  old  books, 
and  he  therefore  wrote  naturally  in  their 
manner,"  &c. 

The  object  of  the  work  (p.  10)  is  to 
pourtraj  in  outline  the  character  of 
the  British  lawyer;  to  suggest  the 
motives  which  should  animate  him, 
mid  the  principles  which  should  direct 


him  in  the  exercise  of  his  calling.  The 
work  will  be  found  as  entertaining  as 
instructive,  for  the  author  shows  great 
variety  of  information,  and  leads  the 
mind  of  the  reader  by  very  luminous 
and  pleasing  lines  of  reasoning,  while 
the  pure  and  lofty  spirit  in  which  it  is 
written  imparts  an  increased  dignity 
and  importance  to  the  subject. 

* 

Sketches  of  Human  Life,    By  C.  £.  S. 
Dering,  M,A, 

A  SPRIGHTLY,  sensible,  and 
amusing  little  volume.  Sound  observa- 
tion, entertaining  anecdote,  with  a 
sprinkling  of  humour  and  joke,  are  no 
bad  materials  for  a  book  in  these  days 
of  ponderous  and  massive  dullness. 
We  beg  to  refer  all  those  of  our 
married  friends,  who  consider  it  im- 
possible that  any  difference  of  opinion 
could  possibly  take  place  between 
them  and  their  better 'halves,  to  the 
story  of  the  blackbird  and  thrush  at 
p.  62 ;  and,  as  an  inculcation  of  the 
virtue  of  patience,  we  refer  to  p.  71  # 
which,  not  being  too  long,  we  shall  give. 

**  One  day  an  old  and  somewhat  hu- 
morous friend  of  mine,  travelling  in  a 
gig,  came  to  a  stand-still  (seemingly  a 
hopeless  halt)  in  a  narrow  lane  (of  course 
he  was  in  a  hurry)  owing  to  the  wilfulness 
of  a  carter,  who  advanced  the  more  re« 
solutely,  until  their  several  horses  were 
almost  come  into  contact,  the  more  he 
angrily  desired  him  not  to  advance.     My 
friend,  to  use  a  favourite  term  of  the  pre* 
sent  day,  '  was  not  to  be  done,'  so  he 
took  a  newspaper  and  read  very  patiently 
as  he  imagined ;  but  the  carter  was,  to 
use  another  peculiar  phrase, '  wideawake,* 
and  knew,  as  well  as  my  friend  in  his 
heart  knew,  that  his  opponent  was  in« 
wardly  boiling  with  hopeless  anger;  sOf 
after  he  had  read,  or  seemed  to  read,  for 
half  an  hour,  the  carter  said,  '  Sir,  when 
you  have  done  with  that  paper,  will  you 
oblige  me  by  letting  me  read  it  /'     It  is  a 
long  lane  that  has  no  turning,  and  this 
cool  impudence  showed  so  much  fun  in 
the  fellow  that  it  turned  away  my  friend's 
wrath,  and  he  said  *  Well,  my  hearty,  you 
have  got  the  best  of  it ;  you  had  more  pa- 
tience than  I  had,  so  now  let  us  both  try, 
and  see  how  we  can  manage  to  pass  each 
other. '   Where  there's  a  will  there's  a  way, 
so  matters  were  arranged,  and  the  travel- 
lers parted  good  friends.'* 

Now  for  another  proof  of  the  vurtae 
of  patience. 

**  I  remember  a  storm  on  Loch  Chorib 


aa 


RbtiiW.— Morrit's  Nalwt  A  Parabh, 


[J^i 


in  Ireland.  To  fight  throngh  this  yast 
lake  in  a  storm  requires  patience  or  yon 
are  lost,  and  become  food  for  the  sacred 
trout,  which  the  people  believe  were 
livert  and  live  for  ever ;  at  all  events,  for 
their  lives,  they  dare  not  kill  them.  Now 
of  patience  on  that  evening  I  saw  a  re- 
markable proof,  and  an  instance  to  which 
no  country  but  Ireland,  probably,  could 
muster  a  parallel.  A  poor  fisherhian, 
living  on  the  edge  of  the  lake,  was 
alarmed  under  an  impression  that  this 
autumn  storm  would  unroof  his  cabin, 
and  he  knew  it  was  unlikely  he  should  ob- 
tain another  thatched  roof  before  the  im- 
pending winter.  I  have  said  the  Irish- 
man so  situated  was  poor ;  it  is  an  evil  to 
be  poor  J  but  I  say  he  was  not  poor  in  in- 
vention, and  so  he  proved ;  for,  having 
divested  himself  of  nearly  all  hia  clothing 
to  avoid  injury  to  it  from  the  rain,  ha 
awaited  very  patiently  {siUing  tutride  on 
the  roqf  qf  hie  cabin,  tn  order  to  keep 
eafely  the  thatched  roqf  thereof)  the  con- 
clusion of  the  storm.  A  truly  Irish 
scheme,  but  he  succeeded  in  his  object. 
If  that  was  not  patience f  perhaps  another 
tonr  in  Ireland  may  teach  me  what  is.'' 


Nature,  a  Parable;  a  Poem  in  seven 
bookt.  By  Rev*  J.  B.  Morris,  M.A. 
THIS  has  been  to  us  a  volume  of 
much  interest,  bnt  rather  from  the  ge- 
neral spirit,  feeling,  and  doctrine,  than 
for  its  poetical  merits,  though  we  do 
not  think  meanly  of  them,  or  for  the 
peculiar  fitness  of  the  subject  for  poeti- 
cal illustration  aod  ornament.  The 
author  is  master  both  of  poetical  lan- 
guage and  of  rhythmical  harmony. 
Hieexpreseion  and  hie  versification  re« 
semble  those  of  Wordsvfortb,  but 
\Vithoat  direct  imitation,  and  his 
metre  is  elegant  and  harmoniotis 
throughout :  While  the  poem  abounds 
with  beautiful  topics,  allegorical  pic- 
tures, and  poetical  images  and  re- 
semblances taken  from  the  writings  of 
the  Fathers  of  the  Church.  The  author 
8ays« 

**  I  might  not  disadvantageously  em- 
ploy my  leisure  hours  in  correcting  and 
chastening  whatever  amount  of  ima^ative 
tendencies  I  had  myself,  by  noticing 
things  of  the  kind  in  the  works  of  the 
Fathers.  1  went  to  them  in  this,  as  in 
other  respects,  with  a  desire  to  consult 
them  as  oracles,  not  to  judge  of  them  as 
authors." 

And  then  he  adds. 

'*  As  for  a  blind  reverence  for  them,  I 
CWBot  biiiefve  tiiat  Meh  a  thiaf  exists,  or 


was  even  talked  of^  except  by  luch  as 
were  either  ignorant  of  their  writings^  or, 
with  some  knowledge  of  these,  made  no 
effort  to  follow  their  stern  holiness  and  pa- 
tient gentleness.  The  graciousness  of  our 
Lord's  promises  reaches  even  to  the  efforts 
to  do  his  Father's  will." 

We  must  add  another  extract  frotn  the 
preface,  which  we  do,  not  only  because 
what  the  author  says  is  in  accord- 
ance with  what  we  think,  but  for  the 
far  better  reason,  that  this  preface 
gives  the  key-note  to  his  poem,  and 
unfolds  the  spirit  and  purpose  in  which 
it  is  written. 

"  I  hope  that  whatever  defects  of  style 
or  judgment  or  doctrine  there  may  be  in 
this  work,  I  have  throughoat  it  expressed 
a  conviction  that  item  IMng  is  the  way 
to  understand  the  subjects  of  Which  it 
makes  a  feeble  attempt  to  treat.  If  in 
expressing  that  conviction,  I  have  any 
where  seemed  deficient  in  gentleness,  I 
have  little  doubt  myself  that  it  is  to  h€ 
attributed  to  my  own  Want  oietemnees  my- 
self. Of  the  seeming  childishness  of  some 
interpretations  of  Scripture,  or  other 
things  contained  in  this  book,  (if  they 
are  taken  from  the  Fathers,)  we  have  no 
right  to  form  an  opinion,  until  we  live  the 
strict  lives  of  the  Fathers,  And  as  there 
are  people  in  England  who,  one  trusts, 
are  moving  in  that  direction,  I  humbly 
hope  that  this  book  may  not  be  unaccepta- 
ble to  such  persons.  It  is  addressed  to 
themy  and  not  to  other  people ;  and  the 
possession  of  leisure  for  studying  the 
Fathers,  at  the  liability  to  do  so  as  a 
dnty^  seems  in  some  measure  a  caU  upon 
one  to  venture,  in  spite  of  one^s  own  great 
deficiencies,  the  attempt  so  to  direct  one*s 
studies  as  to  supply  the  wants  of  people 
of  that  description,*'  &c. 

For  the  snbject  of  the  p6em,  the 
author  says, 

**  The  whole  of  the  typical  meaning  of 
nature  is  but  a  continuation,  or  rather  an 
instance  or  illustration,  of  the  subject  of 
Bishop  Butler's  Analogy,  for  assuming 
that  the  Church  system  and  the  system  c^ 
nature  proceeded  from  the  same  author ; 
thence  arises,  upon  the  princtples  of  that 
great  divine,  an  immMiiate  probability 
that  there  will  be  a  great  similarity  be<> 
twe^i  the  two  *  *  and  the  theory  as- 
sumed in  this  book  is  that  snch  anido- 
gies  are  not  accidental,  but  designed;  and 
that  the  Church  system  will  clear  up  the 
meaning  of  nature  in  the  same  way  that 
Christiamty  clears  up  the  meaning  of 
prophecy.     '  FacSiitf  Frophetlte   ettiMi 


IMfl.] 


tbmuwu-^Ckmk  Peetr^i 


H 


auth(t^  (lidxi  ednlftaiM  i  possible  objec- 
tioiiy  that  the  great  diyine  (Butler)  re- 
ferred to  would  by  no  means  sanction  the 
eitension  of  the  principle  bf  analogy  to 
the  degree  here  assumed  allowable  ;  but, 
on  the  contrary,  he  discouraees  the  use  of 
imagination  in  rfdigion,  and  calls  it  the 
author  of  all  error.  The  answer  to  this 
is,  That  we  may  ay&il  ourselves  of  an 
ancient  division  of  all  theological  subjects 
into  two  classes ;  one,  comprising  those 
which  answer  to  the  subjects  of  the 
o-o^ui  of  Aristotle,  such  as  truths  relat- 
ing to  the  eternal  and  immutable  things, 
the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity,  or  the  like  : 
the  other,  that  which  comprises  subjects 
oonforming  to  those  of  (fypop^aig,  such  as 
truths  flowing  from  the  economy  of  our 
salvtttioii,  throug'li  th<i  inearnatioaj  tttd 
other  things  which  take  place  in  time :  we 
may  find  this  division  not  unfavourable 
for  the  present  purpose.  Imagination 
has  BO  permission  to  meddle  with  the 
former,  it  would  seem  to  me ;  for  it  deals 
with  tht  fbrin*  of  things  tinkhown,  and 
'  bodies  them  forth,*  and  localises  them, 
which  of  course  such  eternal  truths  do 
not  allow  of  without  blasphemy.  It  is 
concerned  with  things  of  time,  such  as  the 
dealings  of  God  towards  us,  his  creatures 
of  time  ;  the  sacraments  for  instance,  or 
the  miracles,  which  are  both  performed  in 
time.  Natural  symbols  too  of  eternal 
things,  as  being  creations  of  time,  would 
come  under  its  legitimate  dominiotif*'  &c. 

The  poem  is  divided  into  seven 
books.  —  The  Introduction.  —  The 
Greater  Light. — ^The  Stars  and  Light. 
—  The  Waters  and  Winds.— The 
Trees  and  Green  Things. — Beasts  and 
all  Cattle. — Man  in  Soul  and  Body. — 
The  difficulty  we  find  in  this  poem  in 
giving  an  extract,  is  the  same  as  that 
experienced  in  roost  others  written 
like  this  at  some  length  in  blank 
verse^  and  when  the  poetical  merit 
does  not  depend  upon  the  brilliancy  of 
certain  passages,  as  in  lyrical  or  dra- 
matic poetry,  but  in  the  general  feeling 
and  harmony  of  the  whole.  There 
are  no  passions  to  delineate,  no  cha- 
racters to  poiirtray,  and  no  events  to 
describe;  nothing,  in  fact,  which 
produces  great  effect  in  a  small  compass, 
and  we  have  no  room  for  long  ex- 
tracts. Let  us  take  a  passage  on 
lifting  up  hands  in  prayer  (p.  347) « 
which  will  give  some  impression  of 
the  author's  manner  of  thinking  on 
sntli  subjects,  as  well  as  of  the  poeti- 
cal ezecatioQ  of  the  work* 


But  shmild  it  be  fbirbidden  to  b^dier^ 
That  aught  sig niflcativs  of  a  truth 
Mysterious  by  the  lifting  up  the  hands 
Was  meant,  at  least  this  sweetness  comes  to  ill 
By  following  ancient  saints  in  little  ildngsi 
That  Me  have  somewhat  more  thereby  on  oi 
Bestowed  to  do,  that  lacks  apparent  Qse« 
Whence  gn*oweth  dutiful  sabmissiveness 
To  forefathers  in  faith }  and  when  the  teari 
Of  penitents  that  mourn  for  Sion's  woes 
Are  dropping  from  them,  fellowship  accmti 
To  them  with  Asaph,  whose  uplifted  hands 
Ran  down  with  water,  flowing  from  his  eyes* 
And  haply  it  was  designed  that  humble  soulst 
Who  gla^y  follow  little  practices 
Of  former  saints,  should  find  a  present  meed 
In  understanding  what  to  rud6r  mihds. 
That  keep  not  godly  ceremonies,  would  iedih 
Obscure,  as  touching  not  in  them  such  string 
Ot  sympathy  with  hallowed  men  of  old. 
AH  that  the  saints,  in  i^hom  abidingly 
The  spirit  dwelt,  have,  by  iheH"  doing  it. 
Made  h0nourable-H)r  IrayS  of  Sptfhdlflg  thdCty 
Or  rules  for  winnirflf  gtttciii  or  petty  rlteS 
Deserveth  man's  esteem— «fld  is't  not  th^ 
Who  least  are  gifted  with  the  inlrard  light 
And  gladness  of  His  presence,  that  despise 
Small  things  so  hallowed,  and  are  fbrwardest 
To  make  the  abuse  of  these  by  hypocrites 
Their  argument  for  SCOm  of  little  things 
Which  tender  hearts  esteem  so  ttAt  ahd  f^ood 
Themselves  refrain  from  using  them  with  atf  et 
Oh  1  that  the  awful  presence  might  be  fbund 
In  all  around  us  I  Then  such  outward  things 
Would  burst  as  nSturflily  from  all  their  hearts. 
As  flowers  tolrard  the  light  Irh^  Spring  reiufiitf 
To   pay   with  tngtimt   savour  rftlm  tnm 
Heaven,  ftc. 

To  giv^  a  dear  afid  snffiei^nt  idea  ot 
the  poem,  wotild  require  vafioifd  and 
longer  extfatts  ;  but  this  is  n6t  in  Our 
power  to  gfte ;  and  we  mutft  Itwrt  ita^ 
it  is,  to  fdftlte  its  way  hf  its  avth 
merits  to  the  heUHs  of  those  whom  itfr 
piety,  its  lentning,  and  its  eioqtie'ncCf^ 
will  not  fail  to  attract  and  to  delight. 


Church  Poetrif;  0r  GhrisHm  7%0ti§Mi^ 
in  Old  tttd  Moitttn  Verse. 

A  CHARMmG  little  Tolnnie  of 
poetry  well  selected  from  our  old 
writers^  and  with  some  graceful  and 
elegant  compositions  from  modern 
ones ;  some  anonymous,  and  other! 
designed  by  particular  initials  and  pri- 
vate marks,  and  a  few  with  the  namM 
affixed.  The  editor  in  his  advertiseo 
ment  justly  observes, 

''Among  the  numerous  collections  of 
religious  poetry  which  have  hitherto  ap« 
peared,  persons  of  primitive  church  feel- 
ing have  continoally  had  to  tegr^t  a  want 


54 


Rsvisw.-^Tomliuson's  Sancla  Bega. 


[July. 


of  that  harmony  of  belief  on  essential 
points  with  some  of  the  writers,  which  is 
■o  necessary  to  render  that  kind  of  reading 
ultimately  pleasant  or  profitable.  Church- 
men and  Dissenters  have  been  mingled  to- 
geUier,  and  most  opposite  views  have  been 
placed  perhaps  side  by  side,  as  if  verse 
might  be  a  veil  for  inconsistency,  and  as  if 
poetry  itself  were  intended  only  to  excite 
the  fancy,  and  indulge  the  imagination 
without  any  care  to  convey  primitive  and 
consistent  truth.  It  has  been  one  chief 
aim  of  this  book  to  avoid  that  sort  of 
error ;  and,  as  a  first  step  towards  securing 
uniformity  of  creed,  none  but  the  writings 
of  Churchmen  have  been  consulted.'' 

This  work  is  arranged  under  several 
lieads^  as  Repentance,  Holy  Dying, 
Future  State,  Prayer,  &c.  In  a  new 
edition  the  number  of  old  poets  from 
which  additional  selections  might  be 
made  may  be  increased,  and  we  shall 
feel  happy  to  afford  the  editor  such  as- 
sistance. Among  the  modern  we 
should  point  Nature  and  Art,  p.  32, 
signed  D.  Morwennse  8tatio,hodieMor- 
wenston,  by  R.  S.  Hawker,  p.  104.  The 
Death  of  Moses,  p.  254.  The  follow- 
ing little  production  of  Bishop  Ken 
18  written  with  taste  and  feeling. 

THE    POET, 

Prophets  and  Poets  were  of  old 
Made  of  the  same  celestial  mould ; 
True  Poets  are  a  saint-like  race 
And,  with  the  gift,  receive  the  grace ; 
Of  their  own  songs  the  virtue  feel, 
Warmed  with  an  heaven- enkindled  zeal. 

A  Poet  should  have  heat  and  light ; 
Of  all  things  a  capacious  sight ; 
Serenity  witii  rapture  joined  ; 
Aims  noble  ;  eloquence  refined, 
Strong,  modest ;  sweetness  to  endear  ; 
Expressions  lively,  lofty,  clear. 

High  thoughts ;  an  admirable  theme ; 
For  decency  a  chaste  esteem ; 
Of  harmony  a  perfect  skill ; 
Just  characters  of  good  and  ill ; 
And  all  concentred — souls  to  please. 
Instruct,  inflame,  melt,  calm,  and  ease. 

Such  graces  can  nowhere  be  found 
Except  on  consecrated  ground. 
Where  Poets  fix  on  God  their  thought, 
By  sacred  inspiration  taught, 
"Where  each  poetic  votary  sings. 
In  heavenly  strains,  of  heavenly  things. 

We  add  the  following  verses  by  the 
Hev.  John  Davison,  as  well  for  their 
own  beauty,  as  because  every  frag- 
ment of  composition  from  the  pen 
of  that  singularly-gifted  person,  is  too 

valuable  to  be  orerlooked  or  lost* 


EPITAPH   IN  WORCBSTEE  CATHEDRAL. 

Rev.  John  Daviton. 

If  heavenly  flowers  might  bloom  unharm'd  on 
earth, 

And  gales  of  Eden  still  their  balm  bestow, 
Thy  gentle  virtues,  rich  in  purest  worth, 

Might  yet  have  lingered  in  our  vale  below. 

Loved  daughter,  sister,  friend  1— we  saw  awhile 
Thy  meek-eyed  modesty   which  loved  the 
shade. 
Thy  faithfulness  which  knew  nor  change  nor 
guile. 
Thy  heart,  like  incense  on  God's  altar  laid- 

But  He,  whose  Spirit  breathes  the  air  divine, 
That  gives   to  souls  their  loveliness  and 
grace, 
Soonest    embowers  pure  faithftil  hearts  like 
thine. 
In  his  own  paradise,— their  blissful  place. 


The  Life  and  Miraclei  of  Sancta  Bega, 
Patroness  of  the  Priory  of  St,  Bees, 
written  by  a  Monkish  Historian.  With 
Notes  by  G.  C.  Tomlinson,  F.S.A, 
8vo. 

THE  heroine  of  this  story  was  an 
Irish  princess,  born  early  in  theseventh 
century,  who  has  left  her  name  to  an 
extensive  parish,  and  to  a  promon- 
tory on  the  Cumbrian  coast,  and  whose 
foundation  has  inherited  the  peculiar 
blessing  of  becoming  the  arena  of 
religious  instruction  in  a  later  age 
and  a  purer  form.  There  will  be  many 
who  from  this  cause  will,  like  the 
editor  of  this  little  book,  take  an  in- 
terest in  the  inquiry.  Who  was  St. 
Bega?  But  the  information  to  be 
obtained  is,  after  all,  legendary :  for 
her  history  was  written  in  the  twelfth 
century,  five  hundred  years  from  the 
age  in  which  she  is  said  to  have 
flourished. 

It  is  derived  from  a  volume  of  lives  of 
saints  contained  in  the  Cottonian  MS. 
Faustina,  B.  iv.  ff.  122—139,  of  which 
a  translation  is  first  given  by  Mr. 
Tomlinson,  and  then  the  original 
Latin.  The  translation  itself  is  well 
executed,  with  the  exception  of  the 
preface  or  proem ium,  which  is  so 
entirely  remodelled,  that  the  following 
words,  "  The  sources  from  which  the 
following  account  is  compiled  are 
tradition,  chronicles,  and  authentic 
histories,"  though  almost  the  only  pas- 
sage derived  from  the  original,  have  the 
appearance  of  being  the  editor's  ac- 
count of  his  own  labours. 

As  a  specimen  of  the  author's  notes 
we  append  the  following  illustration  of 


1843.] 


Review. — Reltou'B  Shelchet  qf  Gturchet. 


hS 


what  the  mouaatic  author  ternii  "quiC' 
dam  celebritas  sBcrosancto  aabbato  ia 
vigil ia  pentecosten." 

"  A  moat  bolj  Sabbath  on  the  eve  of 
FeotecosL — This  isanother  of  those  marks 
of  depeDdcDce  of  the  lurroundiag  chapel- 
ricB  which  formerly  eiisled — a  mark  the 
more  intereeting  because  even  to  this  day 
■ome  tracesof  it  remuD.  Canncunicants 
still  annuallj  resort  to  the  church  of  8t. 
Bees,  at  the  featiTal  of  Easter,  from  con- 
■iderable  distances,  and  the  village  pre- 
■eats  an  aoaBuol  appearance  from  (heir 
inflni ;  and  at  the  church  the  euchariit  is 
admimitered  as  early  as  eight  in  the 
morning,  in  addition  to  the  celebration  of 
it  at  the  usual  time. 

"  Therccanbenodoubtbut  that  Whit- 
suntide, and  perhaps  Christmas,  as  well 
as  Easter,  were  formerl;  seasaas  when 
the  chnrch  of  St.  Bees  was  resorted  to 
by  numbers  who  appeared  within  it  at  no 
other  time,  save,  perhaps,  at  the  burial  of 
their  friends.  The  great  festivals  of  the 
Church  appear  in  the  middle  ages  to  have 
been  considered  by  the  English  as  pe- 
culiarly auspicious  for  the  solemniza- 
tion of  mani^ea.  At  these  seasons  then, 
from  concurring  causes,  the  long-drawn 
solemn  processions  of  the  priests  and 
people  would  he  chiefly  seen,  and  then 
also  the  accustomed  oblations  of  the  latter 
to  the  mother  church  of  Saint  Bees  would 
be  discharged." 


Sitlehes  of  ChuTchet,  with  thort  De- 

KTtptiotu.    By  H.  E.  Selton,     Part 

IF.  4/0. 

THE  concluding  portion  of  the 
work  which  we  noticed  in  onr  Majr 
number,  p.  506.  We  will  state,  as 
before,  the  contents  ; — 

Beckford,  co.  GUmceater. — A  Nor- 
man building,  with  a  tower  between 
the  nave  and  the  chancel,  and  indicB- 
tioQS  of  there  having  been  tranaepta. 
The  upper  stories  nf  the  tower  are  of 
the  Perpendicular  style,  and  the  whole 
was  formerly  surmounted  by  a  spire, 
which  was  taken  down  in  1622. 

The  western  arch  of  the  tower  (in 
the  interior)  is  Norman,  with  zig-zag 
mouldings;  and  on  its  northern  co- 
lumn ate  two  masks,  between  which 
is  a  Sagittarius,  the  presumed  badge  of 
king  Stephen,  and  the  occurrence  of 
which  has  induced  late  writers  (we 
should  like  to  ascertain  with  what 
reason,)  to  assign  the  buildings  in 
which  it  is  found  lo  his  reign. 

The  south  door,  sheltered  by  a 
porch,  is  handsomely  carved  with 
cable  and  zig-zag  mouldings,  and 
forms  the  subject  of  another  of  Mr. 
Helton's  plates.  Above  the  door* 
way  is  a  very  rude  bas-relief,  wbicb^ 


ttandiDg  alone,  must  have  remained 
perfectlyuniotelligible.  But,  from  hav. 
ing  seen  the  same  design  better  repre- 
MDted  in  the  like  situation,  we  are  sa- 
tisfied that  its  prototype  was  the  holy 
cross  between  Che  four  beasts  used  as 
aymbolt  of  the  evangelists.  The  "  hu- 
man form  divine  "was  quite  beyond  the 
■cnlptor'a  powers  ;  and  he  has  there- 
fore contented  himself  with  a  very  in- 
■ignificant  aubstitute  ;  the  eagle  is  re- 
preacnted  by  a  bird  more  resfmbling 


a  pigeon  ;  the  lion  and  bull  are  at 
least  four-footed  creatures. 

Over  a  door  in  the  north  wall,  now 
closed  up,  is  a  second  bas-relief  from 
the  same  rude  hand.  It  evidently  re- 
presents the  descent  of  Christ  into 
hell,  to  rescue  the  spirits  of  the  re- 
deemed . 

SiojMcomle,  co.  Oxfurd.—A.  small 
Norman  structure,  without  tower,  and 
with  a  circular  apse  for  its  chancel. 

Horlon,  CO,   OJmc. — A    small  but 


99         RETiKW.«*(9freeQ'f  Orammar  ofih%  Vfm  Ttt^WMnU        [Jiily» 


8CULPTUBV   AT  BECKFOBD   OHUBOH|    OOt   OLOVC. 


handsome  edifice  ia  the  early  Perpen- 
dicalar  style. 

ToTiwQTih,  to,  Ghuc. — Of  moderate 
preteosions,  both  for  age  and  charac- 
ter,  consisting  of  two  portions,  nearly 
similar  in  form,  and  a  tower  of  slen- 
der proportions. 

Chilarey,  co.  Berki, — A  large  church, 
more  remarkable  for  its  monuments 
than  its  architecture.  Mr.  Helton 
gives  three  plates  Arom  its  numerous 
sepulchral  brasses,  and  one  of  a 
"  monument "  in  the  chancel,  which 
yne  take  to  have  been  the  Holy  Se- 
pulchre. 

Kemble,  fVilt8hir9*'^ An  interesting 
structure,  with  a  large  tower,  ori« 
ginally  of  handiome  early-English, 
but  its  windows  are  now  altered,  and 
surmounted  by  a  spire.     The  south 

Sorch,  built  hy  William  abbat  of 
lalmesbury  about  1280,  has  very 
deep  mouldings,  and  the  columns  at 
its  sides  (as  shown  in  a  second  plate) 
are  much  out  of  the  perpendicular, 
"  There  is  no  appearance  of  the  arch 

taviog  given  way    from   settlement, 
at  it  is  difficult  to  suppose  it  was 
built  so  from  desisn." 

This  Part  contains  also  a  plate  of 
two  brasses  in  Wantage  ehureh, 
Barkshlrei  and  in  the  frontispieee, 
besides  the  view  of  Beckford  church, 
are  figured  the  fonts  at  Overbury, 
Wore,  and  Boxwell,  Glouc. ;  piscinas 
at  Ohildrey  and  East  Hendred,  Berks ; 
tomb  (a  holy  sepulchre?)  and  rood- 
loft  at  Bredon,  Wore,  i  carvings  of 
7 


rood-loft  at  Hankerton,  Wilts ;  and 
brasses  at  East  Hendred. 


A  T)reati9e  on  th^  Grammar  of  Me  New 

Tntament  JHakct.    By  the  Rev.  T, 

S*  Green,  ikf.^.  Svo.  pp*  vii,  332. 

THIS  work  is  stated  to  have  been 

undertaken   at  the  suggestion  and  re-' 

quest  of  the  late  Hugh  James  Rose, 

the  editor  of  Middleton  on  the  Greek 

Article,  and  this  circumstance,  which 

carries  with  it  his  testimony  to  Mr. 

Green's  ability  for  the  task,  is  no  little 

reeommendation  of  the  volume  itself. 

It  is  only  of  late  years  that  the  pe- 
culiarities of  the  Greek  language  have 
excited  general  attention,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  New  Testament.  How- 
ever, they  are  important  enough  to 
deserve  it,  and  to  mention  only  one, 
namely,  the  article,  is  sufflcient.  And 
this  is  a  reason  for  close  and  serious 
study  of  the  Greek  text«  as  other  lan- 
guages cannot  always  reflect  those  pe- 
culiarities*  the  Latin  for  instance, 
which  hat  no  article  answering  to  the 
Greek.  Hence,  circumlocution  is 
sometimes  necessary  for  interpretation* 
though  indeed  in  popular  versions  it 
must  be  sparingly  resorted  to. 

Mr.  Green  considers  that  the  Greek 
of  the  New  Testament  displays  the 
features  of  the  common  dialect,  the 
staple  of  which  was  of  Attic  texture, 
but  which  differed  from  that  variety 
of  the  language  in  several  main  re- 
spects. It  arose,  he  thinks,  from  a 
fusion  of  the  reat^  and  "  was  that  of 


^48.]     Review.— Green's  Orammar  of  the  New  Testament, 


57 


the  courts  of  the  Seleucidse  and  the 
Lagidse,  of  the  schools  of  Alexandria 
and  Tarsus,  of  the  educated  Roman, 
of  Phiio,  Polybius,  Plutarch,  Origen, 
Chrysostom."  (P.  5*)  He  keeps  the 
fact  in  view,  at  the  same  time,  that 
the  preachers  of  the  Gospel  came  to 
its  use  imbued  with  a  native  idiom, 
which  gave  a  colouring  to  their  writ- 
ings. 

The  object  of  our  author  is  not  to 
shew  a  difference  between  the  evange- 
lical and  the  classical  writers,  but  Uie 
prevalence  of  certain  peculiarities  in 
the  writings  of  both.  Thus  he  restores 
the  language  of  the  New  Testament  to 
its  due  position  in  lexicography  and 
grammar,  from  which  it  has  some- 
times been  unjustly  debarred.  His 
method  is,  in  treating  of  parts  of 
speech,  or  their  divisions,  to  begin 
with  instances  from  classical  writers, 
and  to  subjoin  others  from  the  New 
Testament. 

A  few  instances  of  these  peculiari- 
ties will  best  show  the  nature  of  Mr. 
Green's  work,  and  the  utility  of  con- 
ducting theological  studies  on  exten- 
sive  principles  of  grammar. 

P.  ]  1 .  The  present  tense  is,  "  by  a 
very  natural  process,  employed  to  ex- 
press a  futurity  which  is  viewed  as 
certainly  fated."  He  refers  to  Sophoc. 
Philoctetea,  113, 

alp€i  ra  r6^  ravra  rrfu  Tpoiav  fi6va. 
and  among  other  instances  to  Matt, 
xzvii.  63,  lara  rptis  rnUpas  tyeipofuu. 
We  would  carry  this  principle  further, 
into  the  Old  Testament,  for  instance, 
Isaiah  Ixiv.  11,  where  the  future  de- 
struction of  the  temple,  being  spoken 
of  as  present,  has  induced  the  Neolo- 
gians  to  regard  that  portion  of  the 
book  as  of  later  date  than  the  preced- 
ing. At|i^  17  is  a  note  on  Jude  14, 
deservinj^e  student's  attention.  Mr. 
Oireen  cotksiders  the  vulgate  rendering 
dehia  na  requiring  ttcoI  rovro>j/,  instead 
of  TovTois,  the  actual  text,  and  there- 
fore, we  presume,  as  wrong. 

P.  21.  Heb.  xi.  17-  "The  per- 
fect vpocrtvrjvoxev  expresses  Abraham's 
settled  resignation  of  his  son  to  the 
demand  of  God — his  mental,  though 
not  actual,  offering  of  him :  but 
w(M99^p€v, '  was  in  the  act  of  sacri- 
ficing him,'  when  stopped  by  divine 
iat6lp<ftitidn." 

P.  25.  Matt.  XXV.  14—30.  The  un- 

Gbnt.  Mao.  Vol..  XX. 


profitable  servant  is  described  m  6  to 
€P  TokaPTov  r2Xi7</)<»r,  while  each  of  the 
others  as  6  Xaj8a>y,  (because  the 
former  had  only  received  the  money, 
and  not  employed  it) ;  ''  perhaps  no 
instance  of  the  use  of  a  tense  drawn 
from  classical  writers  could  surpass 
this  in  delicate  propriety  of  expres- 
sion." 

At  p«  73,  Mr.  Green  thinks  that 
bo$^  has  been  unnecessarily  substi- 
tuted for  toBuri  by  Griesbacb,  on  ac- 
count of  correspondence  with  other 
instances. 

P.  79.  2  Cor.  xi.  16.  "  This  use 
of  K3y,  without  regard  to  the  legiti- 
mate force  of  8p,  merely  to  signify  '  at 
least,'  is  not  peculiar  to  the  New 
Testament,  but  is  a  mark  of  the  later 
Greek." 

At  p.  106,  after  specifying  some 
anomalies  in  assigning  a  transitive 
signification  to  neuter  verbs,  and  a 
neuter  or  reflective  one  to  transitives, 
he  says,  "  These  are  here  noticed  for 
the  sake  of  remarking  that  they  contain 
no  gross  violation  of  usage  arising 
from  ignorance,  being  no  more  than 
occurs  in  native  writers,  and  at  the 
same  time  are  such  as  would  be 
avoided  by  the  careful  timidity  of  con- 
scious insecurity  in  the  use  of  a  lan- 
guage." 

We  had  almost  overlooked  a  remark 
at  p.  100,  on  the  practice  of  using  the 
infinitive  in  the  sense  of  the  impera- 
tive, e.  g.  Luke  ix.  3.  Rom.  xii.  15. 
"If,  as  appears  to  be  the  case,  the 
infinitive  is  thus  used  by  correct 
writers  only  where  a  tone  of  import- 
ance, authority,  or  solemnity  is  as- 
sumed, particularly  in  aphorisms  and 
the  language  of  legislation,  it  will  ap- 
pear that  it  is  introduced  in  these 
texts  with  perfect  propriety.'* 

At  p.  121,  he  observes,  ''On  the 
decline  of  a  language  from  the  art- 
less vigour  of  its  classical  period, 
there  succeeds,  at  least  in  rhe- 
torical writings,  an  affectation  of 
nicely  balanced  clauses,  and  a  style 
marked  by  point  and  antithesis  .  .  • 
The  pointedness  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment arises  indeed  from  a  different 
source,  that  is,  it  is  real,  not  studied, 
but  in  both  cases  a  similar  phenome- 
non is  produced  with  respect  to  the 
negatives." 

That   portion  of  the  work  which 


50 


Miscellaneous  Reviews, 


treats  of  the  article  occupies  fally  a 
hnndi'ed  pages. 

In  the  chapter  on  the  grammatical 
constraction  of  sentences,  a  distinct 
notice  is  assigned  to  the  style  of  the 
Apocalypse,  which  Mr.  Green  is  in- 
clined to  class  apart  from  the  other 
books. 


[  Jnly, 

The  citations  which  we  have  made 
are,  we  trust,  sufficient  to  give  the 
reader  a  distinct  idea  of  the  whole 
work.  To  the  evangelical  student  it 
will  prove  highly  serviceable,  while 
the  number  of  references  which  it 
contains  will  give  it  a  value  also  to 
the  classical  one. 


Hargrove;  or,  the  Adventures  qf  a 
Man  o/Faihion.  By  Mrs.  Trollope.  3 
voU. — We  earnestly  hope  few  men  of 
fashion  resemble  the  hero  of  this  tale,  and 
we  trust  and  believe  very  few  do,  cer- 
tainly at  least  in  our  own  country.  Ad- 
miring Mrs.  Trollope' s  talents  which  are 
displayed  in  the  volumes  before  us  as 
much  as  in  her  other  productions,  we  still 
think  she  has  been  very  unfortunate  in 
her  conception  of  the  plot  of  this  novel. 
Hargrave,  indeed,  is  a  character  altogether 
improbable  ;  it  is  impossible  to  conceiire 
that  any  person  in  the  station  and  with 
the  education  of  this  individual  could  have 
committed  the  offences  and  crimes  of 
which  he  is  represented  to  have  been 
guilty.  We  are  sorry  to  see  in  the  lite- 
rature of  our  own  country  any  approach 
to  that  school  of  fiction  in  which  the 
French  have  unhappily  made  themselves 
so  prominent ;  one  of  the  distinguishing 
marks  of  which  is,  the  imagining  circum- 
stances as  incidents  in  the  stories  they 
produce,  which  ought  only  to  find  a  place 
in  the  Newgate  Calendar,  or  some  other 
unhappy  and  revolting  record  of  crime. 

The  False  Heir.  A  Tale,  By  G.  P.  R. 
James,  esq,  Bvo,  3  vols, — Mr.  James  is  a 
xnost  prolific  writer.  He  almost  rivals 
l§ir  Walter  Scott  in  that  particular ;  in- 
deed, in  many  other  particulars,  as  well, 
we  know  no  writer  of  the  present  day 
who  approaches  so  much  to  that  great 
and  surpassing  master  in  the  school  of 
fiction.  The  tale  before  us  is  one  of 
much  interest,  and  abounds  in  scenes  and 
situations  drawn  with  no  slight  power. 
We  wish,  nevertheless,  that  the  author 
had  chosen  a  different  period  for  his  tale 
of  action.  The  times  immediately  pre- 
ceding the  first  French  revolution  are 
better  suited  to  the  historian  than  the 
novelist.  There  were,  doubtless,  many 
dSefects  and,  perhaps,  abuses  in  the  insti- 
tutions of  France  at  that  period  which 
required  alteration,  but  we  see  no  use 
whatever  in  bringing  them  before  the 
public  at  the  present  day ;  at  the  same 
time  the  author  in  the  work  before  us  has 
only  introduced  those  which  he  has  men- 
tioned in  order  to  elucidate  his  tale.    We 


are  quite  sure,  indeed,  that  an  author 
who,  to  judge  firom  the  general  tenor  of 
his  works,  thinks  so  rightly  on  most  sub- 
jects of  importance,  will  never  err  inten- 
tionally in  the  particulars  which  we  have 
pointed  out. 

Letters  from  Madras,  By  a  Lady, 
8ro. — Those  who  wish  for  a  good  and 
evidently  a  genuine  account  of  the  man- 
ners and  society  of  India,  including  not 
only  the  European  portion  of  the  in- 
habitants, but  the  native  population  also, 
will  find  much  to  amuse  them  in  these 
letters,  which  are  written  in  a  very  lively 
style,  with  a  slight  dash  of  satirical  ob- 
servation, which,  although,  perhaps,  as 
well  omitted,  certainly  does  not  diminish 
the  entertainment  to  be  derived  from  the 
volume. 


The  Norrisian  Prize  Essay,  By  J, 
J.  Harrison,  A,M, — The  subject,  that 
''both  in  the  Old  and  New  Testaments 
eternal  life  is  offered  to  mankind  through 
Jesus  Christ  only.'*  A  learned,  compre- 
hensive, and  satisfactory  essay. 

Letter  to  Lord  De  Grey  on  the  Ame^ 
liorated  Condition  qf  Ireland,  Sfc,  By 
N.  W.  Simpson. — In  this  well-written 
pamphlet  Mr.  Simpson  shows  the  im- 
provement in  agriculture,  and  conse- 
quently in  the  rising  condition,  of  the 
people  of  Ireland;  he  proves  the  misstate- 
ments of  the  late  Mr.  Inglis,  and  he  re- 
moves the  false  charges  and  misrepresents- 
tions  which  had  been  confidently  urged, 
and  therefore  implicitly  believed,  relating  to 
the  managementof  theestatesof  the  noble- 
men and  great  proprietors  of  the  country. 
The  same  writer  has  published  **  Testi- 
monials in  reference  to  the  Sales  of  Irish 
Estates,  and  Minutes  of  Evidence  on  the 
State  of  Crime  in  Ireland.'* 


7%e  Dirge  of  Westminster f  or  Founder's 
Day.  Rhyme  and  Rhapsody, -r-The  com- 
plaint in  verse  of  an  old  Westminsterian 
of  the  decay  of  that  renowned,  college  of 
learning  and  discipline,  wiUi.  some  Latin 
verses  appended. 


II 


Tke    Brriiak 


fare^  hare  been.  — >*■  «^'^^ :  aoadL  winle  the 
-v<Aniie  may  vie  in.  trpo^ca^iucal  beaeatr 

wiA  die  most  expcnsnre  prodnctiona  of ^>__-„  .««,«« 

tibe  Kngfwii   press,  its  pxice  reodEn  it  coBpiete  direetorT  tw 

life  tD  the  leas  weti&j  ciagy,  to  boaie  and  afarad.  oanL 

the  atnpendmia  and  coadv  Poir-  the  lailwwa  in  Gfcat  Bntan. 

VDattaanable.  ftm  iif  rtii    in  bhii  i  t  fii 

of  1100   towns. 


f 

fORK  A 

at 

ofaa 


ji  Stimnf  gf  the   Ckwrck  of  AnsuL  niiwanr,  and  condL 

-fl^  A.  N.  Momxvieff^    CAsy/sni  to  kirn  aauimsBTiiaefnipBL^ 

haftriai  M^atf,      Tnauiated   hf  the  contiiiBitai  lafaMns, 

Aor.  R.  W.    WurfcrnarB^    CMagimm    m  &&  &c.    Correecai 

Crawififr  fti  Mr  Jbnmn  Gmip»si(.  9siy.  iniBtUr. 


FINE  ARTS. 


&0TA1.  eOUMSaSIOTf  OW  WVfW  ABT9. 

Her  Majcrtj'a  OnmiiBBaneni  hs*e 
issued  aoticeafor  ftreeffartfaer  compai^ 
tions  for  works  of  art  oeqiiired  for  die 
decoration  of  die  New  Palace  at  West- 
minster. 

1.  For  vaiioss  Statnes  in  bronze  and  in 
marble,  of  Britiah   Sovweigns    and    U^ 
lustrions  personages.     Models  are  to  be 
sent  in  the  conrae  of  tbc  tirst  week  in 
June,  ia44,  to  a  pbve  of  exhibition  here- 
after to  be  appointed.    The  specimen ,  or 
specimens  not  exceeding  two  in  ''^"^Jjf  ^1 
to  be  sent  by  each  artist,  may  be  either 
prepared  for  the  occasion,  or  selected  trom 
works  already  executed  by  him  withm  five 
years  prior  to  die  date  of  diis  notice.  1  ue 
works  may  be  ideal  or  portmt  statues, 
or  groups,  but  not  riUeyi.    The  subjects 
are  left  to  die  choice  of  the  *r*»»*»-    ^! 
mterials  arc  to  be  luch  as  arc  commwy 


used    fibr    models    and 


Tte  di^ 


menaana  ate  to  be  on  the  amle  of  «a 
sect  bnman.  figure  xtat  less  theft  three  nM 
more  than  sax  fiseC  "^^  Juctu^sve  ivkHiNU 
to  send  specimens  g  "^  '  "^  '*' 
sent  in  the  course 


more  tnan  sax  levw  a.  4ajn»«»  wr«  kuk^vcau 
to  send  specimens  q€  Steidaed^  CUsMt,  Wh# 
sent  in  the  course  of  the  1br«t  week  i«k 
March,  1W4.  The  s|MCUifteuai««  tfi^niited 
to  be  designed  in  g<»iiterel  <MNSw4Mive  with 
the  st^le  of  architecture  mmI  dc<H^reli^ 
adopted  in  the  New  bOace.  (HiiUmm  iu 
lithQgrephy.  ahowiug  the  UU^tHMWlM  of 
the  window**  iu*y  be  wbMUu^  M  the 
Architect^  s>«v>ea  iu  New  Wh^  y^' 
Each  exhibitor  U  re^Hirca  tu  t»ud  ^i 

fiu-  au  f»nt»te  wiwd^w*  ara^u  tu  th^31 
adopted  iu  tUa  outlius.  ^^^  \u^K«i|J 
«  foot :  aud  Qua  auii,,       „  ^f  »U\Hta  sW 

not  ^  ..  |w  th.  to*;;;; 


to 


Miseellaneoui  tUvkws, 


[July, 


eoBmstiiig  of  t  portion  of  the  Bible— th6 
iUostration—- a  prayer  snitable  to  the 
•object, — and  a  hymn ;  the  whole  service 
occapying  about  20  minutes ;  but,  while 
this  is  the  principal  intention  of  the  book, 
fhe  author  observes,  that  he  also  aimed  at 
producing  a  volume  that  may  afford  edifi- 
cation to  the  humble  and  pious  in  their 
daily  devotions.  We  think  he  has  suc- 
cessipnlly  accomplished  his  design,  and 
produced  a  volume  that  may  be  read  by 
the  educated,  and  which  at  the  same  time 
might  be  a  serviceable  manual  to  the 
lower  classes. 


Herbert  Treaham ;  a  tale  qf  the  Great 
Bebettion.  By  the  Rev,  J.  R.  Neale. — 
A  pleasing  little  tale,  agreeably  written, 
prooably  suggested  to  the  author  when  he 
was  reading  *<  Walker's  Sufferings  of  the 
Clcigy.»' 

Traefe,  {vol.  Hi.)  on  Chnstian  Devo- 
ti(tn  and  Grace, — This  volume  consists  of 
twenty  different  tracts,  so  written  as  to 
bring  forward  the  subjects  proposed  in 
a  clear  and  lucid  manner.  We  like  both 
tbe  selection  of  the  subjects  and  the 
spirit  in  which  they  are  treated.  It  ends 
with  an  interesting  piece  of  biography, 
the  life  of  the  Rev.  John  Bold,  Curate 
of  Stoney- Stanton,  co.  Leicester,  in  the 
diocese  of  Lincoln. 


Magazine  for  the  Young,  1842.— An 
exceedingly  pleasing  little  volume;  so 
arranged  and  diversified  with  poetry  and 
little  vignettes,  and  sketches  of  natural 
history,  as  will  engage  the  attention  of 
young  persons,  and  insensibly  diffuse  its 
instruction  into  their  minds. 


FatherU  Lettere  to  his  Son  on  Con^ 
firmation.  By  J.  E.  Tyler,  Rector  of  St, 
Gilee's, — This  excellent  little  volume  is 
affectionately  dedicated  to  the  Bishop  of 
London.  It  is  written  in  the  most  earnest 
spirit  of  Christian  kindness,  and  contains 
very  valuable  instruction. 


Simple  Sketches  from  Church  History 
ybr  Young  Persons,  By  Mrs.  S.  Toogood. 
— These  sketches  extend  from  the  days  of 
the  Apostles  down  to  the  times  of  Bishop 
Ken  and  Bishop  Wilson.  It  will  rank 
among  those  very  useful  little  works 
which  the  Church  is,  in  her  love  and  care, 
putting  forth  for  the  instruction  of  her 
youthful  members. 

Animal  Magnetism^  Sfc.  By  E.  Lee, 
Esq,  Third  Edition,'-Thsit  there  exists 
fome. power  in  one  human  being  which 
can  be  brought  into  action  on  the  nervoui 


syf(tem  of  another,  under  particular  cir- 
cumstances, experience  does  not  permit 
us  to  doubt.  But  the  subject  is  one  of 
difficulty,  as  it  is  uncertain  in  its  effects, 
as  it  has  been  associated  with  quackery 
and  imposture,  as  it  has  been  admitted  by 
one  part  of  the  profession,  and  denied  and 
ridiculed  by  the  other.  Will  it  be  of  any 
practical  use  in  the  **  Ars  Medicinee,'* 
the  "Ars  Sanatrix?*' — is  the  important 
question,  and  that  is  still  undecided. 


Poems  relating  to  the  Present  State 
and  Prospects  qf  the  Church.  By  the 
Rev,  N.  Clarke,  ji.M, — These  poems  are 
written  with  much  elegance  of  composi- 
tion, and  with  poetical  feeling,  and  are 
deserving  of  a  larger  notice  than  we  can 
give  them.  We  must  extract,  however, 
one  sonnet  (p.  17),  as  a  specimen  of  the 
author's  feelings  on  religious  subjects,  as 
contrasted  witii  those  of  our  immortal 
poet — the  author  of  Paradise  Lost. 

Sonnet. 

Bt  tu  Brute ! 

On  these  words  of  Wordsworth, 

We  must  be  free  or  die,  who  speak  the  tongue 
That  Shakspere  spoke, — the  faith  and  morals 

hold 
Which  Milton  held.— Vol.  iii.  p.  190. 

**  O  Wordsworth,  Wordsworth,  hast  thou  felt 
the  spell,  [hang  ? 

Thou  too,  which  o'er  this  land  so  long  has 
Of  Milton's  faith  the  knell  at  Nice  was  rung 
Long  ages  since,  and  Milton's  morals  dwell . . . 
Where,  it  would  shock  the  pious  muse  to  tell. 
His  was  the  pen,  and  his  the  daring  tongue, 
Which  toiled  so  hard  to  justify  the  wrong 
When  martyred  Charles  upon  the  scaffold  fell. 
His  was  the  band  which  shook  the  marriage 

bond, 
And  strove,  with  Arius,  to  withdraw  the  rays 
That  circle  the  Redeemer's  throne  on  high. 
Cease  then,  sweet  bard,  thy  panegyric  fond— 
The  lord  supreme  of  peerless  poesy — 
No  more;  it  is  the  limit  of  his  praise." 
1812. 


The  Emigrants  Handbook  qf  Fads, 
By  S.  Butler. — A  very  useful  and  com- 
plete little  work. 

Biographical  Dictionary  of  Eminent 
Welshmen,  By  the  Rev,  R.  Williams. 
This  is  the  first  number,  extending  only 
to  **  BR ;''  but  it  appears  to  be  compiled 
with  industry  and  knowledge. 


War  and  Peace ;  or,  the  Evils  of  the 
first,  6fc,  By  William  Jay. — The  author 
is  the  honourable  Judge  Jay^  of  West- 
Chester ;  near  New  York. 


1843.] 


tine  Afii. 


M 


The  Nature  and  Beiiefiis  of  Holy 
Baptism,  By  Francis  Gardner ,  j4,M* — 
A  most  excellent  little  treatise,  contain- 
ing in  a  small  compass  a  masterly  yiew 
of  the  important  subject,  and  a  considera- 
tion of  the  objections  usually  urged  against 
regeneration  in  baptism. 

England  and  her  Interest,  By  John 
White.— "  The  Times,  and  the  Govern- 
ment, and  the  Anti-Corn  Law  League 
considered.'' 


Biblia  Eccleaice  Polyglotia,  The  Proper 
Lessons  for  Sundays  from  the  Scriptures 
of  the  Old  Testament ;  together  with  the 
whole  of  the  Book  of  Psalms f  in  Hebrew, 
Greek,  Latin,  and  English. — This  is  both 
an  useful  and  elegant  addition  to  the 
publications  of  Messrs.  Bagster.  ''To 
print  in  a  form  equally  commodious,  the 
whole  of  the  Scriptures,'*  observes  the 
Editor,  **  would  have  been  too  extensive 
an  undertaking  to  be  useful  out  of  a 
library."  The  proper  lessons,  there- 
fore, have  been  selected ;  and,  while  the 
volume  may  vie  in  typographical  beauty 
with  the  most  expensive  productions  of 
the  English  press,  its  price  renders  it 
accessible  to  the  less  wealthy  clergy,  to 
whom  the  stupendous  and  costly  Poly- 
glots are  unattainable. 


pp,  xix.  448.-»A  histo)*y  of  the  Rassian 
Church,  by  a  native  writer,  cannot  but  be 
valuable,  considering  that  most  accounts 
which  we  possess  of  it  are  imperfect  and 
unauthentic,  though,  in  saying  this,  of 
course  we  except  the  works  of  Messrs. 
King  and  Pinkerton.  This  history  is  well 
written,  and  has  informed  us  on  various 
points.  The  translator  has  appended  a 
great  number  of  notes,  which  would  how- 
ever have  been  more  serviceable  at  the 
foot  of  the  page  referred  to,  than  in  the 
form  of  an  appendix.  He  has  caught 
something  of  the  spirit  of  the  Tractarian 
movement,  and  his  attempt  to  make  the 
Anglican  and  Russian  churches  harmo- 
nize is  carried  much  too  far.  It  is  of 
little  use  to  shew  to  what  extent  divines 
of  the  Church  of  England  have  entertained 
sentiments  which  are  really  at  variance 
with  her  formularies. 


The  Study  of  Botany,  (New  Library 
of  Useful  Knowledge), — A  useful  little 
work. 


A  History  of  the  Church  of  Russia, 
By  A.  N.  Mouravieff,  Chaplain  to  his 
Imperial  Majesty,  Translated  by  the 
Rev.  R.  W.  Blackmore,  Chaplain  in 
Cronstadt  to  the  Russian  Company,  Svo, 


The  British  and  Foreign  Traveller's 
Guide  furnishes  in  a  compendious  form  a 
complete  directory  for  the  traveller  at 
home  and  abroad,  comprising  tables  of  all 
the  railways  in  Great  Britain,  times  and 
fares  of  the  steamers  from  every  port,  an 
index  of  1100  towns,  with  the  steam, 
railway,  and  coach  conveyance  to  each ; 
and  many  useful  particulars  respecting  the 
continental  railways,  foreign  steamers, 
&c.  &c.  Corrected  editions  are  to  appear 
monthly. 


FINE  ARTS.' 


ROTAL   COMMISSION   OF  FINE   ARTS. 

Her  Majesty's  Commissioners  have 
issued  notices  for  three  further  competi- 
tions for  works  of  art  required  for  the 
decoration  of  the  New  Palace  at  "West- 
minster. 

I.  For  various  Statues  in  bronze  and  in 
marble,  of  British  Sovereigns  and  il- 
lustrious personages.  Models  are  to  be 
sent  in  the  course  of  tbe  first  week  in 
June,  1844,  to  a  place  of  exhibition  here- 
after to  be  appointed.  The  specimen,  or 
specimens  not  exceeding  two  in  number, 
to  be  sent  by  each  artist,  may  be  either 
prepared  for  the  occasion,  or  selected  from 
works  already  executed  by  him  within  five 
years  prior  to  the  date  of  this  notice.  The 
works  may  be  ideal  or  portrait  statues, 
or  groups,  but  not  rilievi.  The  subjects 
are  left  to  the  choice  of  the  artists.  The 
materials  are  to  be  such  as  are  commonly 


used  for  models  and  casts.  The  di- 
mensions are  to  be  on  the  scale  of  an 
erect  human  figure  not  less  than  three  nor 
more  than  six  feet.  2.  Artists  are  invited 
to  send  specimens  of  Stained  Glass,  to  be 
sent  in  the  course  of  the  first  week  in 
March,  1 844.  The  specimens  ate  required 
to  be  designed  in  general  accordance  with 
the  style  of  architecture  and  decoratioti 
adopted  in  the  New  Palace.  Outlines  in 
lithography,  showing  the  dimensiohs  of 
the  windows,  may  be  obtained  at  the 
Architect's  offices  in  New  Palace  Yard. 
Each  exhibitor  is  required  to  send  one 
and  not  more  than  two  coloured  designs 
for  an  entire  window,  drawn  to  the  scale 
adopted  in  the  outline,  viz.  two  inches  to 
a  foot ;  and  one  specimen  of  stained  glass, 
not  exceeding  six  feet  in  the  longest 
dimension,  representing  a  part  of  sueh 
design  in   the  full   proportionr     I 


«8 


Literary  and  Seitntifie  Intelligence. 


[July. 


specimen  ef  fitained  glaae  to  be  glazed  up 
in  lead,  and  framed  in  wood.  The  objects 
forming  the  details  of  decoration  may  be 
either  ngures  or  heraldic  devices  relating 
to  the  Royal  Families  of  England,  or  a 
union  of  the  two,  and  may  be  accompanied 
by  borders,  diapered  grounds,  legends, 
and  similar  enrichments.  3.  For  Carved 
work  in  wood,  required  for  various  parts 
of  the  New  Palace,  and  in  the  first  instance 
for  the  doors  of  the  House  of  Lords. 
Specimens  are  to  be  sent  in  the  course  of 
the  first  week  in  March,  1844,  to  be  de- 
signed in  general  accordance  with  the 
style  of  decoration  adopted  in  the  New 
Palace.  Outlines  in  lithography,  showing 
the  dimensions  of  the  principal  door  of 
the  House  of  Lords,  may  be  obtained  at 
the  Architect's  offices.  Each  exhibitor  is 
required  to  send  one  and  not  more  than 
two  designs  fov  an  entire  door,  drawn  to 
the  scale  adopted  in  the  outline,  viz.  two 


inches  to  a  foot ;  and  one  carved  panel , 
or  part  of  a  panel  and  frame-work,  not 
exceeding  four  feet  in  the  longest  di^ 
mension,  representing  a  part  of  such  de- 
sign in  the  full  proportion.  The  objects 
forming  the  details  of  decoration,  in  con- 
formity with  the  conditions  above  ex- 
pressed, are  left  to  the  choice  of  each 
artist.  The  material  of  the  carved  specimen 
is  to  be  oak. 

Each  invitation  is  confined  to  British 
artists,  including  foreigners  who  may  have 
resided  ten  years  or  upwards  in  the 
United  Kingdom. 


On  the  Queen's  birth-day,  Prmce 
Albert  presented  to  Her  Majesty  twelve 
gilt  bronze  figures,  copies  (in  miniature) 
of  the  twelve  colossal  statues  in  the 
Throne-room  of  the  Palace  at  Munich, 
made  for  the  Prince  by  the  Sculptor 
Schwanthaler. 


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G«NT.  Mag.  Vol.  XIX. 


1843.  By  the  Veu.  William  Hale 
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Occasional  Illustrations  from  the  Com- 
mercial Law  of  the  Nations  of  Continental 
Europe.  By  Joseph  Story,  LL.D., 
one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States.     8vo.     1/.  8«. 

The  Law  of  Shipping  as  it  relates  to  the 
Building,  Registry,  Sale,  Transfer,  and 
Mortgage  of  British  Ships,  including  the 
Registry  and  Trading  of  Ships  built  in 
India  ;  with  an  Appendix  of  Statutes,  &c. 
By  J.  J.  Wilkinson,  Esq.  8vo.  15». 

The  Judgments  of  the  Consistory  Court 
of  London,  Court  of  Queen's  Bench, 
Court  of  Exchequer  Chamber,  and  the 
Arches  Court  of  Canterbury,  in  the  Brain- 
tree  Church  Rate  Case.  By  Cuthbert 
W.  Johnson,  Esq.  of  Gray's  Inn,  one  of 
the  Council  in  the  Cause.     8vo.  3«.  6d. 

Medicine. 

Medical  History  of  the  Expedition  to 
the  Niger  during  the  years  1841-2.  By 
James  Ormiston  M'William,  M.D. 
Surgeon  of  H.M.S.  Albert,  and  Senior 
Medical  Officer  to  the  Expedition.  With 
plates,  8vo.  10*. 

Mens  Corporis :  a  Treatise  on  the  Ope- 
rations of  the  Mind  in  Sleep.  By  Foun- 
tain Hastings  Elwin,  Esq.  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn.     Crown  8vo.  10*. 

Essays  on  Partial  Derangement  of  the 
Mind  in  supposed  connexion  with  Reli- 
gion. By  the  late  John  Cheyne, 
M.D.,  F.R.S.E.,  M.R.I.A.  Physician- 
Gen,  in  Ireland,  &c.  &c.  With  a  Portrait 
and  Autobiographical  Sketch  of  the  An* 
thor,  crown  8vo.     7s.  6d. 

Practical  Treatise  on  the  Diseases  of 
the  Testis,  and  of  the  Spermatic  Cord 
and  Scrotum:  with  Illustrations.  By 
T.  B.  Curling,  Lecturer  on  Surgery, 
and  Assistant  Suigeon  to  the  London 
Hospital,  &c.    8vo.     18*. 

Practical  Treatise  oh  the  Diseases  pfe- 

K 


66 


New  Publicattont. 


CJuly, 


culiar  to  Women.  By  Samuel  Ashwell, 
M.D.  Part  2 — Organic  Diseases.  8vo  8*. 

Clinical  Remarks  on  certain  Diseases 
of  the  Eye,  and  on  miscellaneous  Sub- 
jects, Medical  and  Surgical ;  including 
Gout,  Rheumatism,  Fistula,  Cancer, 
Hernia,  Indigestion,  &c.  &c.  By  John 
Charles  Hall,  M.D.  of  East  Retford. 
8vo.   7*. 

Mental  Hygiene ;  or,  an  Examination 
of  the  Intellect  and  Passions.  By  Wil- 
liam Smeeton,  M.D.     12mo.     Is, 

Some  Account  of  Cretinism,  and  the 
Institution  for  its  Cure  on  the  Abend- 
berg,  near  Interlachen,  in  Switzerland. 
Bj  William  Twining,  M.D.  late  of 
Baliol  College,  Oxford.     12mo.     2». 

Medico- Legal  Reflections  on  the  Trial 
of  Daniel  M'Naughten  for  the  Murder  of 
Mr.  Druminond;  with  Remarks  on  the 
difl*erent  Forms  of  Insanity,  and  the  Ir- 
responsibility of  the  Insane.  By  Geo  roe 
Davey,  M.D.     8vo.     1*.  6d. 

Treatise  on  the  Dental  Art,  founded  on 
actual  Experience.  Illustrated  by  241 
figures  in  Lithography,  and  54  Woodcuts. 
By  F.  Maury,  Dentist  of  the  Royal  Po- 
lytechnic School,  Paris.     8vo.     I5s, 

The  Physiology  of  the  Teeth  and  Gums. 
By  Joseph  Snape,  Surgeon  Dentist. 
12mo.     Is,  6d. 

An  Essay  on  Spontaneous  Combustion, 
read  at  the  Brighton  Literary  and  Scien- 
tific Institution,  26  Sept.  1 842.  By  John 
Ppto.     18mo.     1*. 

Irish  Medical  Directory  for  1843 ;  con- 
taining Notices  of  the  Literary  and  Scien- 
tific Institutions  of  Ireland  ;  with  Notes, 
Historical,  Biographical,  and  Bibliograph- 
ical.   By  H.  Croly.     18mo.     5«. 

Science  and  Arts, 

Reports  of  the  First,  Second,  and 
Third  Meetings  of  the  Association  of 
American  Geologists  and  Naturalists  at 
Philadelphia  in  1840  and  1841,  and  at 
Boston  in  1842,  embracing  its  Proceed- 
ings and  Transactions.     8vo.     24«. 

Proceedings  of  the  London  Electrical 
^Society  during  the  Sessions  1841-2  and 
1842-3.     Edited  by  Charles  Walker, 
Esq.  Hon.  Sec.     Royal  8vo.    2U. 

On  the  Nature  of  Thunder-storms,  and 

on  the  Means  of  Protecting  Buildings  and 

Shipping  against  the  destructive  Efi'ects  of 

Lightning.  By  W.  Snow  Harris,  F.R.S. 

.8vo.     10«.  6d, 

Mechanical  Philosophy,  Horology,  and 
Astronomy.  By  W.  B.  Carpenter, 
M.D.  (Popular  Cyclopedia  of  Natural 
Science,  Vol.  2.)     8vo.    9*.  6d, 

Familiar  Treatise  on  the  Causes  and 
Cure  of  Smoky  Rooms,  the  baneful  in- 
fluence of  Impure  Air  on  the  Constitution, 
and   practical   results   on  Temperature 


and  Ventilation.    By  Edward  Jukes. 

12mo.     3«. 

The  Steam  Manual  for  the  British 
Navy  ;  being  a  complete  Description  of 
the  Nautical  Steam  Engine  now  in  use  in 
the  Steam  Vessels  of  War  in  Her  Ma- 
jesty's Service.  By  Capt.  W.  J.  Wil- 
liams,  R.N.     12mo.     2«.  6d, 

The  Illustrated  History  of  Alcohol.  By 
Frederic  R.  Lees,  Ph.  D.  No.  1.  It.  6d. 

Natural  History, 

The  History  of  British  Birds.  By 
William  Yarrell,  F.L.S.,  V.P.Z.S. 
3  vols.  8vo.  Illustrated  by  520  Wood 
Engravings.  4/.  10«.  ;  royal,  91,;  im- 
perial, 13/.  lOs, 

British  Moths,  and  their  Transforma- 
tions, arranged  and  illustrated  in  a  Series 
of  Plates  by  H.  N.  Humphreys,  Esq.  ; 
with  Characters  and  Descriptions  by 
J.  O.  Westwood,  Esq.  F.L.S.  2  vols. 
4to.     Vol.  1.    56  Plates,  coloured.     508, 

The  Journal  of  the  Royal  Agricultural 
Society  of  England.  Vol.  4,  Part  1.  8vo.  5*. 

Manual  of  British  Botany ;  containing 
the  Flowering  Plants  and  the  Ferns,  ar- 
ranged according  to  the  Natural  Orders. 
By  Charles  C.  Babington,  M.A., 
F.L.S.,  F.G.S.,  &c.  &c.     12mo.  9». 

The  Flower  Garden ;  containing  Direc- 
tions for  the  Cultivation  of  Flowers.  With- 
out the  Plates.     78, 

Notes  on  the  Botany  of  the  Antarctic 
Voyage  conducted  by  Capt.  J.  C.  Ross, 
R.N.,  F.R.S.,  in  H.M.  Discovery  Ships 
Erebus  and  Terror :  with  Observations  on 
the  Tussac  Grass  of  the  Falkland  Islands. 
BySiRW.  J.  Hooker,  K.H.,&c.  8vo.  4«. 

Treatise  on  the  Tank  System  of  com- 
municating Heat  to  Horticultural  Struct- 
tures.     By  W.  E.  Rendle.     18mo.  Ss, 

The  Elements  of  Fossil  Conchology, 
according  to  the  arrangement  of  Lamarck  ; 
with  the  newly-established  Genera  of 
other  Authors.  By  Capt.  Thos.  Brown, 
M.P.S.     12mo.    58, 

The  Housekeeper's  Guide  to  the  Fish 
Market  for  each  Month  of  the  Year,  and 
an  Account  of  the  Fishes  and  Fisheries  of 
Devon  and  Cornwall,  in  respect  of  Com- 
merce, Economy,  Natural  History,  and 
Statistics.  By  J.  C.  Bellamy,  Surgeon, 
Author  of  "Natural  History  of  South 
Devon."     18mo.  Is. 

Productive  Farming,  or  a  Familiar 
Digest  of  the  Recent  Discoveries  of 
Liebig,  Davy,  and  other  celebrated 
Writers  on  Vegetable  Physiology,  show- 
ing how  the  Result  of  English  Tillage 
might  be  greatly  augmented.  By  Joseph 
A.  Smith.    3^.  6d, 

The  True  Enjoyment  of  Angling.  By 
Henrt  Phillips,  Esq.    12mo.  lOs,  6a. 


1843.] 


New  Publications. 


«? 


Literature  and  Language. 

Essays  on  Ancient  Literature  and  Art ; 
with  the  Biography  and  Correspondence 
of  Eminent  Philologists.  By  Barnas 
Sears  I  President  of  Newton  Theological 
Institution,  B.  B.  Edwards,  Professor  in 
Andover  Theological  Seminary,  and  C.  C. 
Felton,  Professor  in  Harvard  University, 
United  States.     13mo.  10«. 

Herodotus,  from  the  Teit  of  Schweig- 
hseuser ;  vdth  English  Notes.     Edited  hy 

C.  S.  Wheeler,  A.M.  Tutor  in  Greek 
in  Harvard  University.  2  vols.  8vo.  12*. 

The  First  Book  of  the  Annals  of  Ta- 
citus, from  the  Text  of  Walther;  with 
explanatory  Notes.     8vo.  5«.  6d, 

The  Gorgias  of  Plato,  chiefly  according 
to  Stallbaum's  Text ;  with  Notes.  By 
Theodore  D.  Woolsey,  Professor  of 
Greek  in  Yale  College.     8vo.  58 . 

P.  Virgilii  Maronis  Georgicon,  Lib.  3 
et  4,  from  the  Text  of  Forbiger,  with 
En^ish  explanatory  Notes,  &c.  &c.     By 

D.  B.  HxcKiE,  LL.D.  Head  Master  of 
Archbishop  Sandys'  Grammar  School, 
Hawkshead.     Crown  8vo.  6«. 

Architecture, 

Anglican  Church  Architecture ;  with 
some  Remarks  on  Ecclesiastical  Furni- 
ture. By  James  Barr,  Architect.  2d 
edit.  6«. 

Church  Architecture  considered  in  re- 
lation to  the  Mind  of  the  Church :  in 
Two  Addresses  delivered  to  the  Down  and 
Dromore  Church  Architectural  Society. 
By  the  Lord  Bishop  of  the  Diocese,  Pre- 
sident.    12mo.     96  Plates.     2«. 

Tract  upon  Tomb-stones;  or,  Sugges- 
tions for  the  Consideration  of  Persons 
intending  to  set  up  that  kind  of  Monu- 
ment to  the  Memory  of  deceased  Friends. 
By  Francis  Edward  Paget,  M.A. 
Rector  of  Elford.     8vo.     1«. 

Fine  Arte, 

Prison  Sketches ;  comprising  Portraits 
of  the  Cabul  Prisoners,  and  other  Subjects. 
Py  Lieut.  V.  Eyre.  Lithographed  by 
Lowes  Dickenson.  Crown  8vo.  2U. ; 
coloured,  2/.  12«..6<^. 

The  History  of  the  Davolas  Family, 
considered  with  reference  to  Poetry, 
Painting,  and  Dramatic  Effect.     Svo.  Is. 

The  Tutor's  Assistant;  or.  Comic 
Figures  of  Arithmetic  slightly  altered  and 
fthicidated  from  Walkingame.  By  Alfred 
Crowquill.     12mo.  6«. 

Algernon  Sydney's  Letter  to  Thomas 
Wysc,  Esq.  M.P.  concerning  Art  Unions, 
Electrotype,  Prince  Albert's  Patronage, 
the  Rights  and  the  Wrongs  of  Artists, 
&c. ;  with  Hints  for  the  Redress  of  the 
Wroi^  of  the  latter,  and  a  Note  to  Mrs. 
]Ptoker.    8to.  1«. 


Mueic, 


The  National  Psalmody  of  the  Church 
of  Scotland:  a  collection  of  the  most 
esteemed  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  used  in 
that  Church,  &c.  Arranged  for  four 
Voices.  By  J.  Daniel.  Oblong  4to.  10«. 


The  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum 
have  become  the  purchasers  of  Mr.  Kock's 
Collection  of  Organic  Remains,  which 
had  been  advertised  for  sale  by  auction. 

From  the  Report  read  at  the  Annual 
Meeting  of  the  subscribers  to  the  London 
Library,  it  appears  that  the  number  of 
members  is  increasing ;  that  since  March, 
18^2,  an  addition  of  4,000  volumes  had 
been  made  to  the  Library ;  that  the  re- 
ceipts of  the  past  year  amounted  to 
1,768/.  10/.,  and  the  expenditure  to 
1,538/.  7«.,  leaving  a  balance  in  hand  of 
about  230/. 


Mr.  Webster,  lessee  of  the  Haymarket 
Theatre,  has  announced  his  intention  of 
giving  500/.  as  a  prize  for  the  best  five-act 
comedy,  illustrative  of  British  manners 
and  customs.  The  merit  of  the  comedy 
to  be  decided  on  the  first  of  January  next 
by  a  committee  formed  of  dramatic  au- 
thors and  critics  (not  competitors)  and 
actors.  In  addition  to  the  500/.  the  suc- 
cessful author  will  be  entitled  to  a  third 
of  the  gross  receipts  on  the  twentieth, 
fortieth,  and  sixtieth  nights  of  represen- 
tation. 


OXFORD    university. 

On  June  14  the  following  gentlemen 
were  announced  as  the  successful  candi- 
dates for  the  prizes  for  the  present  year : 

Latin  Verse.  —  VeneticB,  — Edward 
Walford,  Scholar  of  Balliol  college. 

English  Essay.  —  The  Advantages 
and  Disadvantages  of  the  Feudal  System. 
— Henry  Booth  by  Barry,  B.A.  Michel 
Scholar  of  Queen's  college. 

Latin  Essay. — Qutenamfuerit puhlU 
coram  certaminum  apud  Antiques  vis  et 
utilitas. — Ralph  Robert  Wheeler  Lingen, 
B.A.  Fellow  of  Balliol  college. 

English  Verse,  —  Cromwell, — Mat- 
thew Arnold,  Scholar  of  Balliol  college. 

June  22.  The  Theological  Essay  was 
awarded  to  Mr.  Henderson,  BA.  Demy 
of  Magdalen  college,  who  gained  the  Latin 
Verse  1839,  and  the  Latin  Essay  1842. 

Mrs.  Denyer's  Prizes  have  been  awarded 
to  the  Rev.  George  Rawlinson,  MA. 
Fellow  of  Exeter  college,  and  the  Rev. 
Frederick  Poynder,  M.A.  of  Wadham 
collesre 

The  subjecto  of  Mrs.  Penyer*8  Friset 


1843.] 


Jjord  Berwick's  Library, 


69 


the  96th  anniversary  report  of  the  society, 
^hich  traced  the  origin  and  progress  of 
the  society,  and  gave  an  elaborate  resum^ 
of  its  labours  daring  a  period  of  90  years, 
throughout  which,  at  diiSTerent  intervals, 
it  had  been  honoured  with  the  patronage 
of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  who  had  pre- 
sided over  it  for  21  years ;  of  the  Earl 
Clarendon,  for  26  years ;  and  of  Lord 
Folkestone  and  Lord  Romney,  the  latter 
of  which  distinguished  noblemen  had 
held  the  office  of  President  for  32  years. 
Since  the  last  distribution  of  rewards,  125 
members  had  been  elected,  and  the  so- 
ciety had  expended,  since  the  year  1755, 
upwards  of  100,000/.  in  the  encourage- 
ment of  the  arts.  Amongst  the  dis- 
tinguished British  artists  who  had  re- 
ceived its  honorary  medals  were  Sir 
Thomas  Lawrence,  NoUekens,  Flaxman, 
Sir  W.  Ross,  Landseer,  and  Finden, 
many  of  the  chefs  d^ceum^e  of  whose  works 
were  to  be  found  in  the  society's  museum. 
His  Royal  Highness  then  proceeded  to 
distribute  the  rewards  in  the  mechanics 
and  fine  arts,  consisting  of  gold  and  silver 
medals,  accompanied  by  pecuniary  gra- 
tuities. 


LORD  Berwick's  LiBRARV. 
The  library  of  the  late  Lord  Berwick 
occupied  the  hammer  of  Mr.  Leigh 
Sotheby  on  the  26th  of  April  and  twelve 
following  days,  and  attracted  a  numerous 
assemblage  and  very  high  prices.  The 
collection  was  particularly  rich  in  genealo- 
gical and  armorial  manuscripts.  We  shall 
first  enumerate  the  several  copies  of  the 
Visitations. 

180.  Berkshire,  1623.  91.  Bought  for 
the  British  Museum. 

181.  1665  ;  from  Sir  W.  Burrell 

and  Sir  6.  Nayler's  collections.    61.  6s. 
Brit.  Mus. 

181.  ■■  1666  ;  transcribed  by  Long- 
mate.  51.  10s.     Thorpe. 

1958.  Berkshire  and  Gloucestershire, 
1623.  20L  10s.  Sir  T.  PhilUpps. 

313.  Buckinghamshire)  1634.  101.  5s. 
Sir  T.  PhilUpps. 

314.  The  same,  with  arms,  by  Sam. 
Walker,  1669.  101.  15s.  Sir  T.  P. 

368.  Cambridgeshire,  1619.  81.  Idem. 

369.  The  same,  transcribed  by  Long- 
mate.  31.  Idem. 

588.  Cornwall,  1620  [but  only  arms, 
no  pedigrees] .   61.  8s.  6d.  Idem. 

697.  Devonshire,  1563  ;  from  Sir  Peter 
Thomson's  collection.  221. 

783.  Durham,  1575 ; 
Longmate.  51.  Sir  T.  P. 
.   784. 1615.  91.5s. 


Boone, 
transcript    by 


a  recent 
Durham, 
151.  15s. 
Huntingdonshire,  1613.  201 
1619;  a  recent  copy, 
141.   lOs. 


1090.  Hampshire  (a  bad  copy).  101. 10s. 
Idem. 

1091.  1575.  91.    Idem. 

1168.  Herefordshire  and  Oxfordshire, 
temp.  Eliz.  181.  Idem. 

1169.  Herefordshire,   1574; 
transcript.  131.  13s.  Idem. 

1170.  Herefordshire      and 
1615.  221.  Idem. 

1174.  Hertfordshire,    1634. 
Idem. 

1287. 
Idem. 

1377.  Kent, 
101.  10s.  Idem. 

1448.  Leicestershire,   1619. 
Idem. 

1519.  Lincolnshire,  1563  ;  from  Sir  C. 
Morgan's  collection,  but  a  poor  copy. 
121.  Idem. 

1855.  Norfolk;  from  Harvey's  visita- 
tion, 1563,  and  other  sources.  101.  Idem. 

1856.  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  1563,  pre- 
ceded by  pedigrees  of  English  families 
by  Samuel  Todd,  1601.    161.  Brit.  Mus. 

1860.  Northamptonshire,  1616.  101. 
lOs.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

1901.  Oxfordshire,  1574.  101.  10s. 
Thorpe. 

2353.  Shropshire,  the  Visitations  of 
1584,  1623,  and  1637,  with  additions  col- 
lected by  John  Gough  of  Fleet-street, 
Professor  of  Heraldry,  1642,  (from  Mr. 
Hamper's  collection).  811.  Thorpe. 
1623.  81.  12s.  Idem. 
1663,    (only  arms).     101. 


2354. 

2355.  

15s.  Idem. 

2356.  

Holme.  15/. 

2357.  


Idem, 
collected 


.    842.  Essex,   Pedigrees, 
Beckvritb,  1783.  131.  138.  Idem.. 


by 


•    Pedigrees,     by      Randle 
Brit.  Museum. 
Visitation,  from  Sir  George 
Nayler's  collection.  151.  Thorpe. 
2487.  Suffolk,  1561.  151.  Thorpe. 
2715.  Devonshire,   Cornwall,  and  So- 
mersetshire,  1531  ;  transcript.    161.  lOs. 
Brit.  Museum. 

2737.  Wales,  a  collection  of  Pedigrees 
in  large  folio.  501.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

2738.  Another  volume,  from  the 

collection  of  John  Pritehard  Prys,   De- 
puty Herald  for  Wales.  361.  Idem.    . 

2859.  Wiltshire,  1623 ;  from  Sylv. 
Morgan's  collection.  131.  Idem. 

2860.  1565.  71.  Idem. 

2861.  1565,  and  Oxfordshire;  a 

recent  transcript,  171*  10s.  Idem. 

2879.  Worcestershire,  1569,  with  ad- 
ditions to  1779,  141.  14s.  Idem. 

From  the  very  large  number  of  miscel- 
laneous heraldic  and  other  manuscripts,  we 
select  the  following  for  specification  : — 

362.  Pedigree  of  Cadogan  family,  on  a 
roll.  11.  lis.  Thorpe. 

497.  Church  Notes,  collected  by  Craven 
Ord,  in  six  volumes,   4to.    301.    Sir  T, 


fo 


Loi^d  Serwiek'i  L^ntry, 


IMj. 


Phillipps  (sold  for  111.  lis.  in  CraTen 
Ord's  sale  1832). 

517.  Jonmat  of  Naval  Transactions  in 
1666 ;  by  Sir  WiUiam  Clarke.  31.  3s. 
Brit.  Museum. 

637.  Cronica  dei  Dossi  e  Famiglie  Ve- 
neti.  1625.  21.  14s.  Brit.  Museum. 

696.  Devonshire  Pedigrees,  on  vellum. 
51.  10s.  Brit.  Museum. 

d33.  Erdeswicke's  Staffordshire,  a  MS. 
copy.  1595.  21.  lis.  Thorpe. 

953.  Genealogiae  Monumenta  et  In- 
signia varia,  containing  Bishop  Wick- 
ham's  Consanguinity  I  Church  Votes,  Pe- 
digrees, &c.  From  the  Towneley  ooUec* 
tion  [and  in  Hasted's  writing?]  folio. 
281.  Sir  T.  PhilUpps. 

1004.  R.  Glover's  Pedigrees  of  the 
Northern  Districts,  neatly  copied.  101. 
10s.  Phillipps. 

1030.  Grants  of  Arms,  by  Sir  £. 
Bysshe,  Sir  E.  Walker,  Sir  G.  Dethick, 
and  others.  141.  Brit.  Museum. 

1031.  Grants  of  Arms,  Processions, 
and  Ceremonies.  101. 10s.  Brit.  Museum. 

1032.  Grants  of  Arms  and  Crests.  151. 
Brit.  Museum. 

1031.  Grants,  by  Dethick,  Walker, 
St.  George,  Segar,  Camden,  fkc.  vellum, 
formerly  T.  Martin's  of  Palgrave.  51.2s.6d. 
Sir  T.  PhUlips. 

1034.  Grants  and  Confirmations  by 
Segar.  81.  8s.  Idem. 

1092.  Pedigrees  of  Various  Families, 
commencing  with  Dingley,  of  Hants. 
From  Capon's  collection.  141.  Thorpe. 

1 093 .  Book  of  Customes  of  the  Manors, 
&c.  of  the  see  of  Winchester,  collected  by 
Sir  Charles  Montague,  Steward,  1644. 
8vo.  51.  12s.  Sir  T.  PhiUipps. 

1094.  Hampshire  Church  Notes,  &c. 
by  W.  Parry.  4to.  101.  5s.  Brit.  Mus. 

1144.  Arms  of  Gentry  in  various 
countries,  1584.  91.  5s.  Brit^  Mus. 

1 145.  Proceedings  of  Earl  Marshal, — 
Ceremonies, — Valuation  of  Bishopric  of 
Worcester, — Art  of  Painting  on  Glass, 
&c.  fol.  41.  Thorpe. 

1146.  Coats  of  Arms,  Crests,  &c.  2 
vols,  folio,  with  indexes.  From  Capon's 
collection.   131.  Brit.  Mus. 

1147.  Arms,  Crests,  Grants,  &c.  by 
Cooke  and  Barrett.    101.  5s.  Pickering. 

1166.  Arms  and  Pedigrees  of  Hereford- 
shire. 181.  Sir  T.  PhUlipps. 

1167.  Arms  of  Herefordshire  families. 
41.  Idem. 

1259.  **  Gathering,"  Arms,  &c.  by 
Francis  Hougham,  herald  painter  of  Lon- 
don, about  1689.  91-  5s.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

1274.  Genealogie  de  Pillustre  maison 
de  Ursino,  par  D.  Hozier,  on  vellum, 
splendidly  illuminated,  1635.  161.  10s. 
Boone. 


1276.  Inscriptions  in  Wells  Cathedral, 
taken  by  AJez.  Huish.  31.  7s.  Thorpe. 

1308.  Inscriptions  from  Coffin  Plates ; 
from  Sir  G.  Nayler's  collection..  21.  Sir 
T.  PhilUpps. 

1326.  Arms  of  Nobility,  temp.  James 
I.  tricked  on  a  large  scale  from  Sir 
Richard  St.  George's  Ubrary,  fol.  101.  5s. 
Brit.  Museum. 

1348.  Verses  by  Ben  Jonson  to  the 
memory  of  Vincent  Corbet.  MS.  on  vel- 
lum. 11.  4s.  Thorpe. 

1375.  Arms  of  Kentish  families,  in 
trick  ;  from  Sir  Ed  w.  tiobyandS.  Pegge's 
collection.  4to.    41.  6s.  Brit.  Mus. 

1375.  Kentish  Armes,  collected  by 
Filmer  Southouse,  of  Faversham,  gent, 
on  vellum.  From  Carteret  Webb's  and 
Towneley  collections.  131.  10s.  Brit. 
Museum. 

1377.  Kentish  Miscellany ;  collections 
by  Samuel  Dale,  transcribed  by  Hasted, 
fol.  171.  Sir  T.  PhiUipps. 

1385.  Lists  of  Sheriffs,  in  counties,  by 
Gregory  King,  1685.  51. 13s.  6d.  Thorpe. 

1392.  Lists,  Arms,  and  Portraits  of 
Knights  of  the  Garter  to  1827,  in  14 
vols,  large  folio.  231.  Thorpe. 

1393.  Lists  of  Knights  and  Baronets, 
temp.  Jas.  I.  to  1616,  with  arms  in  trick. 
8vo.  31.  15s.  Sir  T.  PhUUpps. 

1490—1498.  Various  heraldic  coUec 
tions  principally  relating  to  Suffolk,  by 
Gervese  Clifford  Leveland,  but  very  poorly 
executed,  and  not  worth  enumerating. 

1509.  Liber  NobiUtatis  Genuensis.  MS. 
fol.  1782.  31.  18s.  Sir  T.  PhUUpps. 

1520.  Arms  and  Pedigrees  of  Lincoln- 
shire famiUes,  and  a  copy  of  the  Baron's 
book,  emblazoned.  81.  Thorpe. 

1553—1559.  CoUections  by  Barak 
Longmate,  chiefly  bought  by  Sir  T.  PhU- 
lipps, of  which  1554  and  1555,  Monu- 
mental Inscriptions,  &c.  for  141.  and  121. 

1713.  Arms  of  Lord  Mayors,  Sheriffs, 
&c.  of  London ;  .1634.  from  Le  Neve's 
collection,  fol.  81.  Sir  T.  PhiUipps. 

1714.  London  in  Armes  displayed  ;  the 
distinctions  mUitary  and  civU  of  the  horse 
troops  and  trained  bands,  by  John  Lucas, 
1647.  4to.  61.   Brit.  Museum. 

1715.  Arms  of  Lord  Mayors,  &c.  by 
Robt.  West,  1743.  121.  12s.  Sir  T. 
PhilUpps. 

1717.  Inscriptions  and  Arms  at  Hen- 
don  and  Wilsdon,  Middlesex,  by  George 
Harrison,  Windsor  Herald.  8vo.  11.  Is. 
Idem. 

1 757.  Inscriptions  in  various  counties ; 
from  Sir  G.  Nayler's  coUection.  2  vols. 
4to.  111.  5s.  Idem. 

1847.  Memoranda  relative  to  the  Mas- 
ters of  the  RoUs,  by  Mark  Noble,  1823. 
131.(1)  Sir  T.  PhUUpps. 


1843.] 


Lord  Berwick's  Lihrary. 


n 


1857.  Inscriptions,  &c.  in  Norfolk.  4to. 
from  Ives*8  collection.  31.  10s.  Thorpe. 

1903.  Election  of  Fellows  of  All  Soals' 
college,  Oxford,  with  names  of  Candidates 
and  retired  Fellows,  from  1717  to  18:27. 
4to.  31.  3s.  Thorpe. 

1904.  Arms  of  Oxfordshire,  &c.  fol. 
131.  Sir  Thomas  Phillips. 

1919 — 1928.  Drawings,  chiefly  in 
Shropshire,  by  the  late  David  Parkes,  of 
Shrewsbury.  They  sold  in  all  for  1441. 
and  were  chiefly  purchased  by  Thorpe. 

1956.  Pedigrees  of  Shropshire.  2  vols, 
fol.  221.  10s.  Thorpe. 

1962.  Pedigrees  in  several  counties, 
fol.  about  1689,  formerly  Thomas  Star- 
ling's.  171-  10s.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

1 963 .  Pedigrees  from  the  Visitations  of 
Surrey  1623,  Kent  and  Sussex,  by  Sir 
Marmaduke  Gresham,  continued  by  Le 
Neve  (after  1660).  fol.  221.  Brit.  Mus. 

1965.  Pedigrees  of  England  and  Wales, 
by  R.  Chandless.  From  the  Halston  col- 
lection, fol.  1695.  601.  Lord  Hill.  (The 
pedigrees  of  Hull  and  Hill  are  very  copious 
in  this  volume.) 

1966.  Pedigrees  and  Grants,  by  Henry 
St.  George,  continued  by  R.  Bigland. 
1759.  181.10s.    Sir  T.  PhiUipps. 

1967.  Pedigrees  of  Radcly£Fe.  141.  14s. 
Thorpe. 

19T0.  Pedigrees  by  Mr.  Canon  Newling. 
21.  Sir  T.  PhiUipps. 

1971.  Pedigrees  and  Church  Notes, 
by  the  same,  principally  of  Shropshire 
families,  in  39  small  vols,  sewed,  and  20 
half-bound.  711.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

1981.  Creation  and  Succession  of 
Earls  of  Pembroke  to  1588,  by  Richard 
Tomlins,  of  Denbigh,  fol.  4to.  Pritchard. 

2126.  Heraldic  CoUections  of  W. 
Radclyffe,  Rouge  Croix,  in  an  octavo  vol. 
about  1803.  91.  9s.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

2169.  Roll  of  Arms  upon  vellum,  temp. 
Ric.  II.  (the  original  of  Mr.  Willement*s 
publication.)  4to.  1834.  291.  Lord  Hill. 

2217.  Will  of  Henry  Rowland,  Bishop 
of  Bangor. — Knights  made  by  Henry 
VII.  4to.  31.  3s.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

2221.  Annuities  and  Fees  of  the  Royal 
Household,  fol.  From  Sir  Julius  Ceesar's 
MSS.  (probably  No.  46  or  47.)  101. 
Brit.  Mus. 

2337.  Sheldon's  collection  of  Pedigrees, 
fol.  141.     SirT.  PhilUpps. 

Lots  2345  to  2390  all  related  to  Shrop- 
shire, and  were  sold  at  even  higher  pro- 
portionate prices  than  other  parts  of  the 
collection*  Lot  2345,  of  charters,  was 
knocked  down  for  751.  to  Sir  Thomas 
Phillipps  ;  but  on  his  complaining  after* 
wards  that  the  first  fifteen  charters  were 
only  copies,  the  sum  of  151.  was  deducted. 
Sa46,  charters,  171.  17s.  Thorpe.  Three 
Tolames  of  the  Shropshire  coUectionB  of 


the  Rev.  E.  Williams  were  bought  for 
3011.  7s.  by  Thorpe,  it  was  supposed  for 
Mr.  £yton ;  four  others  by  Sir  Thomas 
Phillipps  for  3071.  An  imperfect  transcript 
of  the  cartulary  of  Shrewsbury  abbey  by 
the  same  for  121.  12s.  The  Visitations 
have  been  already  noticed.  Lot  2363,  an 
imperfect  copy  of  the  cartulary  of  H  aghmon 
abbey,  201.  SirT.  Phillipps.  2365,  Shrop- 
shire records,  transcribed  by  T.  F.  Dukes; 
esq.  in  5  vols.  4to.  741.  lis.  Thorpe.  Oi 
the  remainder  Sir  T.  Phillipps  bought 
largely,  including  the  last,  an  indifferent 
collection  of  drawings  and  prints,  formed 
by  Mr.  Dukes,  spoilt  by  being  stuck  to* 
gether,  for  311.  10s. 

2444.  Documents,  dated  1389  and 
1419,  relative  to  the  Choir  of  Lichfield, 
61.  16s.  6d.    Thorpe. 

2445.  Staffordshire  Pedigrees ;  formerly 
Bassano's.  201.  lOs.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

2447.  Customs  and  Offices  of  the 
Honour  of  Tutbury.  31.  10s.  Thorpe. 

2448.  Arms  of  the  Trades  of  Lichfield, 
&c.  51.  5s.  Thorpe. 

2501.  Monumental  Inscriptions  in  St. 
Mary,  in  Lambeth,  by  Jos.  Jones,  1749. 
81.  8s.  Sir  T.  PhiUipps. 

2550.  Theatre  of  Europe,  wherein  are 
contained  the  XVI  Ancestors  of  every 
particular  family  in  Europe,  by  J.  Bassan. 
MS.  fol.  1684.  131.  Thorpe. 

2599.  Pedigrees  and  Arms  by  Towns- 
end,  chiefly  relating  to  the  family  of 
Littleton.  151. 15s.  Sir  T.  Phillipps. 

2734.  Pedigrees,  collected  by  the  Rev. 
William  Dade,  Rector  of  Barmston,  co. 
of  York,  about  1790.  4to.  61.  8s.  6d. 
Thorpe. 

2739.  Arms  of  Archbishops,  Bishops, 
and  Gentry  of  Wales,  collected  in  1686, 
by  Jos.  Smyth.  4to.  81.  18s.  6d.  SirT.  P. 

2744.  Pedigrees  of  Flintshire  families. 
4to.  on  vellum.  421.   Idem. 

2896.  Yorkshire  Pedigrees,  from  John 
Holland's  collection.  221.  Boone. 

2897.  Armorial  Bearings,  from  the  same, 
431.  Sir  T.  PhilUpps. 

2898.  Another  similar  volume.  391. 
Idem. 

2899.  Copies  of  Yorkshire  Parish  Re- 
gisters. 4to.  91.  2s.  6d. 

2916.  Nineteen  Letters  of  the  Earl  of 
Clarendon  to  the  Earl  of  Abingdon,  re« 
lating  to  Monmouth's  rebellion.  201.  10s. 
Lord  HiU. 

Of  the  printed  books  we  may  mention 
these  six : 

594.  Whitaker's  Coronation  of  George 
IV.  highly  finished  in  gold  and  colours. 
671.  Thorpe. 

1021.  Gough's  Sepulchral  Momunent^^y 
five  volumes,  in  russia,  741. 

1082.  Halstead's  Genealogies,  in  red 
morocco.  981.  Pickering.    This  identiod 


w 


Library  of  Dean  Milles, 


IJuiy, 


copy,  about  30  years  since ,  was  purchased 
at  a  sale  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Windsor 
for  21.  2s. ;  it  shortly  after  found  a  place 
in  the  valuable  library  of  the  late  Sir 
Mark  Masterman  Sykes,  at  whose  death 
it  was  again  sold  at  Evans's  rooms  for 
741.  lis.  to  Mr.  Thorpe.  The  Towneley 
copy  sold  by  the  same  auctioneer  for  631. 

1603.  Whitaker*s Magna Charta,  printed 
in  gold,  on  vellum,  181 G.  581.  Pickering. 

1986.  Pennant's  London,  illustrated 
by  the  late  Mr.  Graves,  in  6  vols,  folio. 
811.  Ives. 

2090.  State  Trials  and  other  papers, 
relative  to  the  Rebellion  of  1745  :  bound 
in  imperial  folio.  401. 

The  total  produce  of  this  sale  was 
67261.  12s.  of  which  Sir  Thomas  PhU- 
lipps's  purchases  amounted  to  18121.  and 
Thorpe  the  bookseller's  to  27641.  18s.  6d. 

LIBRARY  OF  DEAN  MILLES. 

The  Very  Rev.  Jeremiah  Milles,  D.D. 
Dean  of  Exeter,  and  President  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Antiquaries,  died  in  1784.  Por- 
tions of  his  library  have,  we  believe,  been 
before  offered  by  auction  ;  but  a  consider- 
able part  of  his  library  remained  together, 
and  appears  to  have  received  from  time  to 
time  considerable  accessions,  until  the  pre- 
sent year,  when  it  has  been  brought  under 
the  hammer  of  Mr.  Leigh  Sotheby  on  the 
10th  of  April  and  four  following  days.  It 
was  rich  in  the  classics,  theology,  history, 
and  topography  ;  and  concluded  with  se- 
veral valuable  manuscripts.  One  of  these 
was  a  vellum  MS.  of  Bede,  of  the  12th 
century,  which  formerly  belonged  to 
Plumpton  priory  in  Devonshire ;  this 
was  purchased  for  the  British  Museum  at 
291.  10s.  A  vellum  MS.  of  the  canonical 
epistles,  also  of  the  12th  century,  was 
sold  for  21.  3s.  to  Mr.  Thorpe.  Philoso- 
phaster,  a  Latin  comedy  by  Robert 
Burton,  author  of  the  Anatomy  of  Melan- 
choly, in  his  autograph.  5s,  Thorpe  (re- 
sold to  Pickering  for  61.  10s.).  A  volume 
of  several  pieces  of  English  history, 
Written  about  1421,  on  paper,  was  sold 
for  31.  7s.  Thorpe.  Afterwards  purchased 
by  the  British  Museum  for  61.  10s. 

Dean  Milles's  collections  for  the  History 
of  Devonshire  were  sold  as  lot  1174,  and 
purchased  by  the  Bodleian  Library  for 
901.  They  consisted  of  twenty  volumes 
in  various  sizes,  and  arranged  as  follows : — 

1.  Parochial  Collections,  in  5  vols.  fol. 

2.  Queries  addressed  to  the  Parochial 
Clergy,  and  filled  up  with  their  replies. 
In  two  folio  volumes. 

3.  Risdon's  History ;  the  original  MS. 
with  many  additions.     2  vols.  fol. 

4.  History  from  the  Magna  Britannia, 
tlisdon,  Speed's  maps,  &c. 

9 


5.  Westcott's  Survey  of  Devon.  A 
folio  MS. 

6.  Exeter  Domesday. 

7.  Statuti  Eccl.  Exon. 

8.  Bishop  "Ward's  papers,  &c. 

9.  Various  loose  Manuscripts. 

10.  11.  Two  volumes  of  pedigrees. 

12.  Collections  by  various  persons,  in- 
cluding Dr.  Wm.  Howard,  Capt.  Stee- 
vens,  and  Dr.  Plot's  Natural  History 
of  Devon. 

13.  Arms. 

14.  Pamphlets,  Prints,  Letters,  &c. 
Several  rolls  belonging  to  the  Church 

of  Exeter  were  withdrawn  from  the  sale, 
having  been  claimed,  we  presume,  by  the 
Dean  and  Chapter. 

The  Minute-book  of  the  Egyptian  So- 
ciety, together  with  other  papers,  and  their 
symbol,  a  sistrum  of  brass  (see  Nichols's 
Literary  Anecdotes,  vol.  V.  p.  334),  was 
sold  for  21.  to  Thorpe. 

A  very  early  copy,  on  vellum,  of  Glan- 
ville's  Tractatus  de  Legibus  et  Consuetu- 
dinibus  regni  Angliae  was  purchased  for 
the  British  Museum  at  351.  10s. 

Lot  1 187,  a  memorandum  book  made  in 
the  East  Indies,  1691—8 ;  a  Journal,  Per- 
sian and  English,  1696 ;  and  a  chart  of  the 
sea  coast  from  the  city  of  Sumats  to  Co- 
chin, on  parchment,  nearly  twelve  feet 
long,  and  coloured.  5/.  British  Museum. 

Confirmation  charter  of  the  Lord  Pro- 
tector to  the  city  of  Waterford  in  1658,  a 
roll  26  feet  long.  2/.  2«.     H.  Bohn. 

Among  the  latter  lots  were  many  vo- 
lumes of  the  journals  of  Dr.  Pococke,  the 
Oriental  traveller,  which  were  sold  as 
follows : — 

1194.  Travels  of  Dean  Milles  and  Dr. 
Richard  Pococke  in  1736,  &c.  through 
France,  Flanders,  Holland,  Germany, 
Bohemia,  and  Hungary,  9  vols.  4to.  22/. 
10».  Thorpe. 

1199.  Dr.  Pococke's  Description  of 
the  East  and  some  other  countries,  the 
original  MS.  in  twenty  small  8vo.  and  one 
4to  volume.  3/.  3«.  Thorpe. 

1201.  Dr.  Pococke's  Travels  in  Eng- 
land in  1750—56,  his  Irish  Tour  in  1752, 
and  a  volume  of  extracts  from  various 
authors.  7  vols.  4to.  22/.  Thorpe. 

1202.  Travels  in  England  in  1764,  and 
Tour  through  Scotland  to  the  Orkneys, 
and  parts- in  England  and  Ireland  in 
1760,  by  Dr.  Pococke,  with  many  draw- 
ings, and  some  prints,  in  six  thick  quarto 
volumes.  33/.  for  the  British  Museum. 

1203.  Dr.  Pococke's  Travels  through 
Italy,  France,  Flanders,  Holland,  Germa- 
liy,  Bohemia,  Hungary,  &c.  transcribed 
and  illustrated  with  views,  in  19  volumes 
quarto.  20/.  Thorpe. 

1204.  Letters  of  Dr,  Pococke  and  Pr. 


1843.1 


LUerary  and  Scientific  Intelligence, 


>3 


Milles»  to  Dr.  Thomas  Milles,  Bishop  of 
Wateribrd,  while  on  their  continental 
tour,  1733  to  1737,  illustrated  with  draw- 
ing, and  letter  of  J.  Milles  to  his  uncle  ; 
4  vols,  folio,  and  S  toIs.  4to.  20/. 
Thorpe. 

Lot  1,195  consisted  of  the  historical 
researches  of  Dr.  Thomas  Milles,  Bishop 
of  Waterford,  thus  described :  Three  Dis- 
courses,— 1.  Concerning  the  state  of  Bri- 
tain before  its  conquest  by  the  Romans;  2. 
Concerning  the  state  of  Britain  under  the 
Romans,  &c. ;  3.  Concerning  the  state  of 
Britain  under  the  Saxons ;  4.  History  of 
England  from  William  the  Conqueror  to 
the  end  of  the  reign  of  Stephen  :  the  ori* 
ginal  autograph  MS.  in  7  volumes,  folio, 
with  a  fair  copy,  in  2  very  large  and  2 
smaller  folio  volumes,  with  notes,  &c. 
prepared  for  the  press,  but  never  pub- 
lished. 91.  Thorpe. 

1196.  Dean  Milles's  observations  on 
the  curious  remains  and  antiquities,  made 
in  different  towns  and  various  counties  in 
England  and  Wales,  with  many  drawings, 
1735 — 13.  16/.  Thorpe. 

1197.  Observations  by  the  samie  on 
the  antiquities,  churches,  and  palaces  of 
Rome,  a  quarto  volume  with  many  prints 
inserted,  1734.  2/.  2*.  This  was  bought 
for  the  Dean's  grandson. 

A  vellum  transcript  of  the  Norfolk 
Domesday,  in  a  quarto  of  300  pages,  made 
early  in  the  last  century,  and  purchased 
by  Dean  Milles,  at  Anstis's  sale  In  1768, 
was  sold  for  5/.  5«.  to  H.  Bohn. 

1206.  A  letter  of  Indulgence  from  Peter 
bishop  of  Exeter  to  those  praying  for 
the  souls  of  the  faithful  buried  at  St. 
Mary  Redeclyve,  Bristol,  1728.  1/. 
Thorpe. 

1207.  Collection  of  nearly  800  coats 
of  arms,  by  Scipio  Squire,  a  friend  of  Sir 
William  Dugdale.  8/.  for  the  British  Mu- 
senm. 

1.208.  Sketch-book  of  ruins,  in  pencil 
—  Memoranda  of  English  Antiquities — 
Measures  and  Coins  of  various  places,  On 
all  4  vols.)  2/.  5«.  British  Museum. 

1 .209.  Statutes  of  Trinity  college.  Cam- 
bridge— Merton  College,  Oxford — Letters 
to  the  University  of  Oxford,  1660 — 67 — 


Ecclesiastical  proceedings,  1686 — 7,  3 
vols,  folio,  and  1  quarto.  3/.  3«.  British 
Museum. 

Among  the  printed  books  were  Anstis's 
own  copy  of  his  Observations  upon  the 
Order  of  the  Bath,  with  many  additions 
and  letters,  and  his  Register  of  the  Order 
of  the  Garter,  interleaved,  and  bound 
in  three  volumes,  with  some  MS.  addi- 
tions. 

There  was  another  day's  sale  on  the 
25th  April,  of  autograph  letters,  records, 
and  documents  connected  with  English 
history,  partly  the  property  of  Deaii 
Milles.  An  autograph  letter  from  Sir 
Philip  Sydney  produced  41. 6s.  An  auto* 
graph  note  of  Oliver  Cromwell  was  sold 
for  71. ;  it  was  in  fine  preservation,  and 
bore  date  1648.  A  warrant  for  the  pay- 
ment of  1,0001.  to  the  wife  of  John 
Hampden,  dated  1652,  fetched  31.  Is.;  ftH 
autograph  letter  from  Dryden  to  his  wife, 
51.  12s.  6d. ;  a  letter  from  Charles  I.  to 
Sir  F.  Windebank,  41.  14s.  6d. ;  and  a 
sign  manual  of  Cromwell,  31.  lis.  A 
letter,  unaddressed,  from  Dr.  Johnson, 
was  purchased  for  21.  lis.;  one  from  Lord 
Nelson,  dated  on  board  the  Amazon,  Sep- 
tember 24, 1801,  31. 3s.  The  prices  were 
throughout  good. 


THE    UOXBURGHE    CLUB. 

The  Boxburghe  Club  held  their  thirty- 
first  anniversary  meeting  on  the  1 7th  June 
at  the  Clarendon  Hotel.  The  Earl  of 
Po wis  presided,  and  there  were  present  the 
Dukes  of  Buccleuch  and  Sutherland,  the 
Earl  Brownlow.  Viscounts  Mahon  and 
Clive,  Baron  Parke,  Sir  S.  R.  Glynne, 
Bart,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bliss,  V.P.,  B.  Botfield, 
David  Dundas,  H.  Hallam,  J.  A.  Lloyd, 
J.  H.  Markland,  Treasurer,  Wm.  H. 
Miller,  and  Peregrine  Towneley,  esqs. 

A  book,  edited  by  Viscount  Mahon, 
printed  at  the  expense  of  the  Club,  entitled 
"  The  Decline  of  the  last  Stuarts,*'  being 
extracts  from  the  despatches  of  British 
envoys  to  the  Secretary  of  State,  was 
delivered  to  the  Members  ;  and  it  is  un- 
derstood that  at  the  next  anniversary  some 
valuable  additions  will  be  made  to  the 
Roxburghe  collection  of  works. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


OXFO&D    ARCHITECTU&AL    SOCIETY. 

/HM  7«  A  Book  of  Ecclesiastical 
8k«t9hM  from  Churches  in  Gloucester- 
tkit9»  &o,  was  presented  by  J*  E«  MiUard, 

GtNT.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


esq.  Magdalen  College.  Rubbings  of  se- 
veral modern  Brasses,  in  close  imitatiem 
of  the  old  style,  by  the  maker,  Mr,  H«rd* 
man,  of  Birmingham;  Sketches  of  the 


'U 


Architecture. 


iJiily, 


ancient  Timber  Roof  of  Adel  Church 
Yorkshire,  supposed  to  be  Norman,  by 
Rev.  G.  Lewthwaite ;  and  rubbings  of 
the  Brasses  of  John  Wyndham,  esq., 
1572,  and  Florence  his  wife,  from  St. 
Decuman*s  Church,  Somersetshire,  by 
W.  C.  Trevelyan,  esq.  The  last  men- 
tioned gentleman  exhibited  drawings  of 
several  curious  Windows,  Fonts,  &c. 
chiefly  in  Bretagne  and  Normandy.  Some 
of  the  Fonts  have  a  smaller  basin  at- 
tached to  Uiem,  and  one  has  three  basins. 
The  President  of  Trinity  suggested  that 
these  smaller  basins  were  probably  to 
hold  the  chrism,  or  holy  oil,  for 
anointing  the  infants  after  they  were 
baptized. 

The  Secretary  read  a  short  account  of 
Shottesbrooke  Church,  Berkshire,  near 
Twyford,  illustrated  by  the  drawings  pre- 
semted  by  Mr.  Butterfield.  This  Church 
is  a  very  perfect  specimen,  on  a  small 
scale,  of  the  decorated  style ;  cruciform, 
with  the  tower  and  spire  rising  from  the 
intersection.  It  is  fully  described  in  our 
Magazine  for  Feb.  1840.  It  affords  an 
excellent  model  for  study,  and  we  are 
glad  to  hear  that  the  Society  are  about  to 
publish  engravings  of  it. 

Mr.  Addington,  of  Lincoln  College, 
presented  several  rubbings  of  Brasses, 
and  read  an  account  of  them. 


ties  for  the  tower  at  Hereford  Cathedral, 
and  elsewhere. 

The  committee  unanimously  resolved 
to  advertise  for  tenders,  and  to  order  Mr. 
Potter  to  proceed  without  delay  in  pre- 
paring the  iron  ties.  The  committee  also 
resolved  to  pay  down  immediately  the 
amount  of  their  subscriptions,  and  to  re- 
quest those  gentlemen  who  had  been  kind 
enough  to  signify  their  intention  of  sub- 
scribing to  do  the  same.  Mr.  Cottingham 
has  entered  upon  his  task  in  a  con  amore 
spirit;  he  will  not  receive  any  commis- 
sion, but  simply  charges  the  trifling  sum 
of  100/.  which  is  included  in  the  esti- 
mate for  all  his  drawings,  journeys,  and 
superintendence,  till  the  work  is  com- 
pleted. 


THE  NORMAN  T0WB&,  BURY. 

Mr.  Cottingham  has  submitted  his 
plans  to  the  committee  for  the  restoration 
of  the  Norman  gateway  tower  at  Bury  St. 
Edmund's,  together  with  a  full  and  highly 
satisfactory  explanation  of  them.  Among 
the  drawings  exhibited,  fourteen  in  num- 
ber, executed  on  a  large  scale,  were 
coloured  views  of  the  east  and  west  fronts 
of  the  tower,  shewing  the  present  alarming 
state  of  the  disruptured  masonry ;  eleva- 
tions of  the  four  sides  as  they  will  appear 
when  the  proposed  restoration  is  com- 
pleted ;  and  sections  and  plans  shewing 
the  way  in  which  the  four  belts  of  iron 
ties  will  be  disposed,  each  of  which  Mr. 
Cottingham  likened  to  four  giants  grasping 
the  four  corners  of  the  tower  with  both 
arms,  and  banded  together  round  their 
wasts.  Mr.  Cottingham  considered  the 
committee  to  be  in  a  situation  to  proceed 
at  once  with  the  work,  as  the  specifica- 
tions and  contract  could  be  so  prepared 
that  the  contractor  would  be  bound  to 
proceed  only  so  far  at  one  time  as  the 
committee,  guided  by  their  funds,  should 
determine.  He  also  suggested  that  the 
iron  ties  should  be  entrusted  to  Mr.  Pot- 
ter,  of  London,  who  had  made  similar 


BAVARIA. 

The  King  of  Bavaria  is  building  in  the 
park  of  his  summer  palace  at  Aschaffen- 
burg,  near  Wurtzburg,  a  house,  which 
will  be  an  exact  copy  of  the  famous  house 
of  Caitor  and  Pollux,  at  Pompeii,  brought 
to  light  in  1839,  under  the  direction  of  the 
German  archaeologist,  Herr  Zann.  The 
magnificent  mosaics  and  fresco-paintings, 
the  altar,  furniture,  utensils,  all,  in  short, 
that  is  curious  in  the  ancient  building, 
will  be  reproduced  with  the  utmost  ex- 
actness in  the  Aschaffenburg  structure, 
so  as  to  furnish  a  correct  notion  to  the 
modems  of  the  domestic  life  of  the  old 
Romans. 


New  Churches  Consecrated. 
{Continued  from  Nov,  p,  524.) 

Oct.  17.  St.  Jameses  Church,  Brad- 
ford, was  consecrated  by  the  Lord  Bishop 
of  Ripon.  It  is  an  elegant  edifice,  si- 
tuated  in  the  township  of  Horton,  a  little 
to  the  left  of  the  road  leading  from  Brad- 
ford to  Halifax. 

Oct,  19.  The  new  parish  church  at 
Aibury,  Surrey,  was  consecrated  by  the 
Bishop  of  Winchester. 

Oct,  24.  A  new  church,  under  the  de- 
signation of  Trinity  Chapel,  with  a  burying 
ground  attached,  was  consecrated  by  the 
Bishop  of  Durham,  at  Pelton,  near  Ches- 
ter-le-Street.  The  Bishop  has  granted 
60/.  a-year  towards  the  temporary  en- 
dowment; and,  on  his  lordship's  sugges- 
tion, Lady  Noel  Byron,  as  lady  of  the 
manor,  has  presented  to  the  new  church 
a  permanent  endowment  of  10/.  per 
annum. 

Oct.  28.  The  new  EngUsh  church  (St. 
Mary's)  at  Llanrwst,  was  consecrated  by 
the  Lord  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph.     It  has 


1.843,] 


Architecture, 


7St 


been  built  by  volantary  subscription,  on 
land  presented  by  Lord  Willougbby  De 
Eresby;  and  the  necessary  endowment  for 
the  minister,  the  repairs  of  the  church, 
and  the  general  purposes  of  Divine  wor- 
ship, has  been  granted  by  the  Rev. .  Hol- 
land Edwards,  the  former  Rector  of  the 
parish,  whose  liberality  to  the  Church  in 
Wales  is :  well  known,  especially  in  the 
parish  of  Llanrwst,  where  alone  he  has 
contributed  to  the  amount  of  4000/.  and 
upwards.  This  sacred  edifice  stands  on 
an  ascent,  at  the  entrance  of  the  town 
from  Pentrevoelas,  commanding  a  full 
Tiew  of  the  beautiful  vale,  and  forming  a 
most  interesting  object  in  itself.  About 
the  same  time  three  new  churches  at 
Mancheater^  one  erected  and  endowed  by 
the  *'Ten  Churches  Association,**  and 
the  others  by  the  ''  Manchester  and  Ec- 
des  Church  Building  Society,"  were  con- 
secrated by  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Chester. 
The  first  is  dedicated  to  St.  Silas,  to  the 
incumbency  of  which  the  Rev.  W.  Butler, 
B.A.  has  been  appointed.  The  second  is 
dedicated  to  St.  Thomas,  and  is  situate 
at  Stretford,  near  Manchester ;  the  Rev. 
J.  Clarke,  B.A.,  has  been  nominated  to 
the  Ministry.  The  third,  St.  John's,  is 
situate  at  Pendlebury.  The  Bishop  has 
licensed  the  Rev.  R.  Wilner,  B.A.,  to  the 
incumbency.  Several  other  churches  are 
in  course  of  erection  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Manchester. 

Oct,  29.  The  new  chapel,  dedicated  to 
St.  Thomas  the  Apostle,  at  Noak  Hill, 
situated  at  the  extremity  of  the  parish  of 
Jtomfordt  Essex,  was  consecrated  by  the 
Lord  Bishop  of  London.  It  has  been 
erected  by  subscription,  through  the  ex- 
ertions of  Sir  Thomas  Neave  and  Sheffield 
Neave,  esq.  who  have  largely  contri- 
buted, and  who  likewise  gave  the  ground. 

Oct,  31.  His  lordship  consecrated  a 
new  chapel  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the 
Highwoods,  a  part  of  the  parish  of  Writ' 
tie,  which  is  believed  to  be  the  largest 
parish  in  the  county  of  Essex,  extending 
seven  miles  in  length  ;  and  of  its  popula- 
tion (some  3000  in  number)a  considerable 
portion  live  at  an  inconvenient  distance 
from  the  parish  church.  That  part  of  the 
parish  known  as  the  Highwood  Quarter 
was  fixed  upon  as  the  spot  where  a  house 
of  prayer  was  most  needed,  and  is  also 
convenient  for  the  out-dwellers  of  the 
neighbouring  parishes  of  Fryemiog,  Dod- 
dinghurst,  and  Blackmore.  The  archi- 
tect was  Mr.  Webb,  of  Great  Baddow, 
and  the  expense  was  about  1200/.  The 
chapel  is  buUt  of  red  bricks,  in  the  early- 
English  style.  At  the  west  end  is  a  porch, 
tnrmoonted  by  a  campanile  containing 
one  bell*    At  the  east  end  is  a  window  of 


three  compartments,  and  on  each  side  the 
building  is  lighted  by  five  windows.  In 
the  wall  at  the  east  end,  and  on  the  out- 
side, is  a  stone  bearing  the  following 
inscription : — 

*'  This  Episcopal  Chapel,  dedicated  to 
the  worship  of  Almighty  God,  and  named 
St.  Paul's,  was  built  by  subscription,  in 
the  year  1842. 

"  Thomas  Penrose,  D.C.L.,  Vicar. 
**  Stephen  Webb,  Architect." 
Within  there  are  only  12  pews,  six  on  each 
side,  the  rest  being  open  and  free  seats. 
The  pulpit  is  placed  on  the  south  side  of 
and  adjoining  to  the  altar ;  the  reading 
desk  on  the  north.  There  is  sitting  room 
for  about  400  persons.  The  length  of  the 
building  within  the  walls  is  64  feet,  and 
the  width  36  feet. 

Nov,  1.  The  Bishop  consecrated  the 
new  Chapel  of  All  Saints,  at  Wit  ham, 
built  within  a  few  yards  of  the  main 
street,  the  parish  church  being  at  Chip- 
ping Hill,  about  a  mile  from  the  town. 
The  style  of  the  building  is  early-English, 
and  it  is  in  the  form  of  a  Calvary  Cross. 
The  walls  and  buttresses  are  panelled  ex- 
ternally with  black  flints,  and  bordered 
with  white  brick.  A  large  window,  of 
stained  glass,  over  the  altar,  has  been  exe- 
cuted by  Mr.  Whale,  of  Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne.  It  is  in  three  compartments,  in 
the  centre  of  which,  in  opaque  colour,  are 
written  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Belief. 
The  other  divisions  comprise  the  Ten 
Commandments.  On  the  Communion 
Table  was  placed  a  splendid  service  of 
silver  gilt,  the  present  of  J.  F.  Fortescue, 
esq. ,  the  H  igh  Sheriff :  in  the  side  of  the 
chalice  are  set  several  rubies  taken  by 
Mrs.  Bramston's  father  (the  late  Sir  Ni- 
cholas Trant)  from  an  Indian  chief,  in  the 
Mahratta  war.  The  roof  of  the  chapel  is 
handsomely  constructed,  and  along  the 
walls  on  each  side  are  ranged  as  corbala 
carved  busts  of  six  of  the  Apostles.  The 
length  of  the  building  is  101  feet,  and  the 
width  in  the  nave  36  feet ;  the  length  of 
the  transept  is  GO  feet.  The  accommoda- 
tion for  the  congregation  consists  of  pews 
on  each  side,  capable  in  all  of  seating  300 
persons — free  seats  for  300  adults,  and  for 
100  children.  The  total  cost  of  the  erec- 
tion was  between  3000/.  and  4000/.  The 
site,  including  the  burying  ground,  com- 
prises an  acre,  llie  architect  employed 
was  Mr.  Brown,  of  Norwich. 

Nov.  22.  The  consecration  of  the  new 
church  at  Skipton  Bridge,  in  the  parish 
of  Topcliffe,  Yorkshire,  was  performed  by 
the  Lord  Bishop  of  Ripon. 

Nov,  30.  The  church  of  St.  Andrew, 
Northampton,  was  consecrated  by  the 
Bishop  of  Peterborough.    Iti  general  ef« 


n 


■Arcldteeture, 


IJnly, 


Iboty  both  internally  and  externally,  ii 
good.  The  windows  are  very  beantifiil» 
and  there  ii  a  triple  window  at  the  east 
•ad.  The  architect  was  Mr.  E.  F.  Law, 
of  Northampton  ;  and  the  cost  of  this 
handsome  structure,  including  the  en- 
dowment, repair  fund,  &c.  amounts  to 
7*831/.  18«.  7d,t  which,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  a  3,000/.  grant  from  Hyndman't 
tmstees,  and  a  further  grant  of  600/. 
from  tiM  Peterborough  Diocesan  Asso- 
dation,  has  been  raised  by  public  sub- 
fcriptioB.  The  communion  service  is  the 
Joint  gift  of  the  Queen  Dowager  and  the 
Frotestant  Confederates  of  the  town.  Its 
oost  was  43/. 

Dee.  S.  The  new  church  at  BamMgill^ 
Yorkshire,  was  consecrated  by  the  Lord 
Bishop  of  Ripon.  It  is  situated  in  the 
beautiful  and  romantic  valley  of  Nether- 
dale,  and  is  a  neat  Gothic  structure,  with 
a  well-proportioned  tower.  It  contains 
about  250  sittings,  of  which  the  greater 

Ert  are  free.    The  internal  decorations 
▼e  been  executed  under  the  direction  of 
Mrs.  Yorke,  of  Beverley  HalU 

Dee,  19.  A  new  Gothic  church,  in 
Gordon-street,  St,  Pancras,  was  conse« 
crated  by  the  Bishop  of  London..  It  is 
Atm  the  design  of  Mr.  Stevenson,  archi- 
tect, and  provides  accommodation  for 
upwards  of  1,400  persons. 

Fhb.  2.  A  handsome  church  atBiitem^ 
Hampshire,  was  consecrated  by  the  Lord 
Bishop  of  the  diocese.  It  stands  on  a 
site  contiguous  to  Bistem  Park,  given  by 
John  Mills,  esq. 

Fid.  27.  The  chapel  of  the  Holy  Tri- 
nity, Roehampion,  was  consecrated  by 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  It  is  in 
the  early-English  style  of  architecture, 
from  the  design  of  Mr.  Ferrey.  The  ex- 
terior ii  of  the  stone  called  Kentish  rag, 
with  the  carved  parts  of  Bath  stone.  The 
interior  has  an  open  timber  roof.  A  rose 
window  at  the  east  end  is  richly  coloured 
with  figures  (by  Hailes,  of  Newcastle), 
and  the  seven  trefoil  arches  under  it, 
which  form  a  sort  of  altar  screen,  and  are 
supported  by  columns  of  Parbeck  mar- 
ble, are  richly  adorned  with  scroll  pat- 
terns, in  vivid  colours  and  gold,  sur- 
mounting the  Creed,  Commandments, 
&o.  in  illuminated  characters.  The  altar- 
carpet  is  the  general  work  of  the  ladies  of 
Roehsmpton.  The  elaborate  stone  font 
also,  at  the  west  end,  the  gift  of  a  lady, 
Ii  a  Tory  ornamental  feature  of  the  chapel. 


March  13.  The  ceremony  of  conse- 
crating the  new  EngUsh  and  French  Pro- 
testant church,  in  St.  Martin*8-le-6rand, 
was  performed  by  the  Rev.  Messrs. 
Dangers  and  Mastin.  This  church,  which 
originally  stood  in  Threadneedie-street, 
was  founded  in  the  year  1550  by  King 
Edward  VI. ;  but,  in  the  beginning  of  the 
year  1841,  it  was  pulled  down  to  make 
room  for  the  contemplated  improvements 
consequent  upon  the  rebuilding  of  the 
new  Royal  Exchange.  The  cost  of  the 
re»erection  has  been  defrayed  out  of  the 
funds  granted  to  the  church  by  the 
charter  of  King  Edward  VI.  The  new 
building  is  of  an  original  Gotiiio  design, 
and  capable  of  accommodating  about  300 
persons.  The  altar-piece — a  design  by 
rogo,  representing  Joseph  of  Arimathea 
receiving  the  body  of  Christ — has  been 
presented  to  the  church  by  Mr.  Moxhay, 
of  the  Universal  Hall  of  Commerce ;  and 
it  is  understood  that  several  French  mer- 
chants resident  in  the  metropolis  have 
liberally  contributed  towards  the  erection 
of  the  church. 

March  14.  St.  John's  Church,  at 
Keighley,  Yorkshire,  erected  upon  a  site 
given  by  the  Earl  of  Burlington.  It  has 
been  erected  under  the  superintendence 
of  Mr.  Rawstome,  at  an  expense  of  about 
2000/.,  and  is  capable  of  accommodating 
764  persons,  of  which  354  are  free. 

jipril6.  The  church  at  Merrow  in 
Surrey,  restored,  enlarged,  and  beautified, 
was  opened  with  Divine  service.  The 
Ven.  Archdeacon  Wilberforce  with  a  num- 
ber of  the  resident  clergy  attended.  The 
building  consists  of  two  lofty  aisles,  the 
rafters  of  which  are  exposed  in  the  olden 
style,  and  are  of  coloured  oak.  The 
southern  aisle  is  unavoidably  abridged  in 
length  by  the  Onslow  family  vault,  which 
has  not  been  disturbed,  and  the  ancient 
Norman  columns  and  arches  are  also  pre- 
served. A  pointed  arch  divides  the  chan- 
cel and  nave.  There  is  a  small  gallery  at 
the  west  end  with  a  beautifully  designed 
window,  and  an  east  window  of  stained 
glass.  The  pewing  is  wainscot,  too  low 
for  the  indulgence  of  indolence,  or  to 
spoil  the  architectural  effect  of  the  build- 
ing. The  carved  stone  pulpit,  with  the 
stone  work  in  the  chancel,  deserves  no- 
tice. The  restoration,  or  nearly  rebuild- 
ing of  this  church,  reflects  great  credit  on 
the  architect,  Mr*  Hussey. 


77 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


80CIBTY  OV  ANTIQUARIES. 

•Ame  1.    Hudson  Gurney,  esq.  V.P. 

Henry  Charles  Harford,  esq.  B.A.  of 
Clifton  I  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  So- 
ciety. 

William  Chaffers,  jnii.  esq.  communi- 
cated some  account  of  the  recent  disco- 
Tcries  made  in  Blackfriars  (already  partly 
noticed  in  our  last  Number,  p.  635).  He 
has  obtained  a  portion  of  a  Roman  sepul- 
chral 8tone»  commemorating  a  soldier 
tiamed  Celsus,  a  "speculator''  of  the 
second  or  Augustan  legion,  with  part  of 
his  figure  in  bas-relief  very  much  defiiced. 
The  monument  of  another  soldier  of  the 
same  legion,  named  Vivius  Marcianus, 
Was  formerly  found  near  the  same  spot  by 
Si^  Christopher  Wren,  and  is  represented, 
though  Tery  badly,  in  Horsley,  &c.  A 
third  was  found  in  1806  at  the  back  of  the 
London  Coffee  House,  Ludgate  Hill. 

Mr.  C.  also  mentioned  the  discovery 
ttf  a  portion  of  the  more  ancient  city  wall, 
10  feet  in  thickness,  which  formerly  ran 
in  this  direction  from  Ludgate  to  the 
Thames,  and  was  pulled  down  in  1280  to 
make  way  for  the  monastery  of  Blackfriars, 
at  which  time  the  wall  was  rebuilt,  making 
k  circuit  further  west  along  the  banks  of 
the  Fleet  river  to  the  Thames. 

R.  L.  Pearsall,  esq.  of  Carlsruhe,  com- 
municated a  rubbing  from  the  brass  plates 
l^ced  over  the  grave  of  Robert  Hallam, 
Bishop  of  Salisbury,  in  front  of  the  altar 
at  the  Cathedral  of  Constance.  This 
prelate  was  one  of  the  English  mission 
sent  to  the  council  held  at  Constance  in 
the  year  1416,  and,  dying  before  his  re- 
turn, was  buried,  as  recorded  in  an  old 
German  chronicle,  attended  by  all  the 
igreat  dignitaries  who  were  present  at  the 
-conference,  and  with  all  the  state  due  to 
ft  fiitMt  bisekqfy  or  prince  bishop,  under 
which  title  his  dignity  of  Cardinal,  which 
he  had  attained  in  1411,  it  maybe  pre- 
tufiied  is  referred  to.  He  is  represented 
standing  in  pontificals,  including  a  cro- 
tier  and  a  splendid  mitre,  within  a  canopy 
of  tabernacle  work,  the  "hovels"  or 
niches  of  which  are  each  occupied  by  a 
feathered  angel.  Above  his  shoulders 
are  the  arms  of  France  and  England 
quarterly,  within  a  garter,  alluding  to  his 
office  of  Chancellor  of  that  most  noble 
order,  and  the  arms  of  the  see  of  Salis- 
Imry  impaling  his  personal  arms  (as  we 
believe  it  was  stated,  though  the  rubbing 
was  too  indistinct  to  show  them)  ;  around 
tiitt  latter  is  this  motto,  Misericordiam 
domild  in  etemam  cantabo. 

Th«  Earl  of  Enniskillen  exhibited  a 
twmmI  found  in  Ireland,  in  shape 


not  very  different  to  a  modem  coffee 
pot,  and  evidently  intended  to  warm 
liquids.  It  is  raised  on  three  legs,  has  a 
handle,  a  straight  spout,  and  had  a  lid. 
Round  the  ctetre  are  six  shields,  viz. 
1.  three  chevronels;  3.  defaced  ;  3.  afess 
between  two  chevronels  ;  4.  three  pallets 
within  a  bordure ;  5.  a  fleur  de  lis ;  6.  a 
cross  formic.  Its  height  is  about  10 
inches,  and  its  largest  diameter  5  inches* 

The  Rev.  Richard  Gamett,  of  the 
British  Museum,  communicated  an  essay 
on  the  eastern  terminus  of  the  WaU 
of  Antoninus.  It  turned  principally  on 
points  of  etymology,  the  authop>  showing 
that  the  name  of  Kinneil  was  in  fact 
the  same  with  the  Celtic  Cean-fhail,  and 
signifying  the  wall's  end.  No  remains  of 
the  wall  have  been  ascertained  eastward 
of  that  place,  which  confirms  this  etymo- 
logical testimony. 
The  Society  adjourned  over  Whitsuntide* 

June  15.     Henry  Hallam  esq.  V.P. 

C.  Roach  Smith,  esq.  F.S.A.  commu- 
nicated some  drawings  by  Mons.  de 
Rheims  of  Calais,  of  the  paintings  dis- 
covered in  July  1840  on  the  walls  and 
pillars  of  the  church  of  St.  Mary  in  that 
town.  There  were  two  paintings  of  saints, 
and  another  of  the  virgin  and  child;  these 
were  surrounded  with  borders  or  frames 
of  the  armorial  Insignia  of  Thomas  Wode- 
house,  with  the  inscription,  Oraie  p.  aia 
Thome  Wodehotite,  the  motto,  le  jour 
viENDRA,  a  badge  of  a  ragged  staff  or 
club,  and  these  several  varieties  of  achieve- 
ments :  1 .  A2ure,  a  fess  quarterly  sable 
and  or  between  three  ragged  staves 
bendwise  or,  Wodehouse;  3.  the  same 
impaling  Gules,  a  chevron  compon^e  or 
and  sable  between  three  fleurs  de  lis  of 
the  second ;  3.  Woodhouse  and  the  last 
quarterly  ;  4.  Wodehouse  impaling  Or,  a 
chevron  sable  between  three  wolfs  (?) 
heads  erased  of  the  second,  langued  gules, 
the  chevron  charged  with  a  mullet  for 
difference;  5.  Wodehouse  quartering  the 
last  and  the  second  coats  ;  6.  Wodehouse 
impaling  Per  fess  azure  and  or  a  pale 
counterchanged,  and  three  monkeys  (?) 
of  the  second. 

The  Baron  de  Bode  communicated  an 
account  of  various  antiquities  discovered 
in  1841,  in  a  tumulus  near  Astraband, 
the  capital  of  ancient  Parthia.  They  con* 
sisted  of  a  golden  goblet  weighing  36  ox. 
some  spear  heads,  &c.  with  two  female 
statues,  which  the  writer  conjectured 
might  have  been  offered  as  substitutes  for 
that  self-immolation  of  widows  which  is 
mentioned  by  Herodotus,  and  is  atiiU 
practised  by  the  Hindoos. 


78 


Antiquarian  Sesearchet. 


[July, 


A.  J.  Kempe,  esq.  F.S.A.  exhibited  the 
thnribulam  or  censer  of  bronze,  found  at 
Kyn  Gradeli  in  Carmarthenshire,  of  which 
some  account,  with  a  slight  representation, 
was  given  in  our  number  for  November 
last,  p.  473. 

The  meetings  of  the  Society  were  then 
adjourned  to  the  I6th  of  November. 


covered  at  Litlington,  of  several  of  which 
he  exhibited  drawings. 


CAMBRIDGE    ANTIQUARIAN    SOCIETY. 

The  anniversary  meeting  of  this  society 
was  held  at  St.  John*s  Lodge,  on  Wednes- 
day, May  24,  the  Rev.  WiUiam  Webb, 
D.D.  F.L.S.  Master  of  Clare  Hall,  the 
President,  in  the  chair. 

The  Secretary  laid  before  the  Society 
the  repoft  of  its  operations  during  the 
past  year,  from  which  it  appeared  that  it 
was  in  a  prosperous  condition.  The  fol- 
lowing presents  were  received :  a  small 
urn,  found  in  digging  for  a  road  in  Cot- 
tenham  fen,  by  A.  W.  Ivatt,  esq.  Sidney 
college  ;  a  small  urn,  found  within  a 
larger  one,  filled  with  fragments  of  bone 
in  the  Twin -Barrow,  Bincombe  Down, 
Dorset,  by  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Smith  ;  a  folio 
book  of  water-colour  drawings,  from 
Roman  remains  in  the  collection  of  Mr. 
Inskip,  Sheflford,  Beds,  by  W.  B.  Gren- 
side,  esq.  Trin.  coll.  ;  and  several  number 
of  copies  of  an  engraving  of  Roman 
Antiquities,  found  at  Bury  Hill,  near 
Ross,  by  Sir  H.  Dryden,  Bart. 

An  interesting  paper  was  then  read  by 
Professor  Willis  on  an  appropriate  nomen- 
clature for  the  mouldings  of  Gothic 
architecture,  contained  in  a  note  book  of 
William  of  Worcester,  preserved  in  the 
Library  of  Corpus  Christi ;  illustrated  by 
reference  to  the  door  of  St.  Stephen's 
and  the  great  western  entrance  of  St. 
Mary  RedclifFe,  at  Bristol. 

Sir  H.  Dryden  read  a  paper  on  the 
discovery  of  a  large  number  of  skeletons 
near  Marston  St.  Lawrence,  in  Northamp- 
tonshire, in  the  years  1 841  -2.  The  paper 
was  illustrated  by  elaborate  drawings  of 
the  urns,  arms,  and  personal  decorations 
found  with  them,  which,  with  other 
evidence,  shew  the  place  to  have  been  a 
burial  ground  of  Romanised  Britons. 

Professor  Corrie  communicated  a  valu- 
able paper  on  the  state  of  our  universities 
during  the  middle  ages,  especially  with 
regard  to  the  studies  there  pursued  ;  com- 
mencing with  a  brief  sketch  of  their 
institution  and  early  history,  and  illus- 
trating the  progress  of  theological  and 
secular  studies  from  the  existing  catalogues 
of  the  collegiate  libraries,  and  the  known 
requisites  for  university  degrees  at  various 
periods. 

The  Rev.  T.  Clack  read  a  list  of  the 
yarious   Roman  antiquities   lately   dis- 


OXFORD    ASHMOLEAN    SOCIETY. 

At  a  Meeting  of  this  Society  held  May 
29  f  an  ancient  dagger  with  a  brass 
handle,  found  at  Tliornhaugh,  Hunts,  was 
presented  to  the  Museum  by  His  Grace 
the  Duke  of  Bedford. 

The  Secretary  read  a  paper  by  Mr. 
Duncan,  containing  an  account  of  various 
inventions  for  flying,  which  have  been  at- 
tempted from  the  earliest  period  down  to 
Mr.  Henson*s  patent,  which  was  re- 
gistered September  the  29th,  1842.  Dr. 
Buckland  inferred  the  certainty  of  the 
failure  of  Mr.  Henson*s  invention  from 
the  erroneous  principles  on  which  it  is 
founded.  He  said,  that  there  was  no 
provision  for  counteracting  the  violent 
currents  of  air  which  would  be  met  with, 
and  the  only  point  which  seemed  to  have 
been  attended  to  by  the  inventor  was  the 
buoyancy  of  the  machine  when  once 
started,  but  no  adequate  means  had  been 
provided  to  counteract  much  greater  dif- 
ficulties. 

Walter  C.  Trevelyan,  esq.  M.A.  Univ. 
Coll.  presented  a  crust  of  bread  impressed 
with  the  stamp  used  in  the  administration 
of  the    holy  communion    in    the  Greek 
Church.     It  is  affixed  to  the  finer  sort 
of  wheaten  bread,   which  is  set   before 
travellers,  and  was  brought  from  the  con- 
vent of  Megaspelion  in  the  Morea,  June 
1842.     Mr.  Trevelyan  then  exhibited  se- 
veral water-colour  drawings  of  Celtic  re- 
mains in  Brittany  and  Normandy.     They 
consisted  of  representations  of  Dolmen, 
Cromlechs,   and  Menhirs,    from   Dinan, 
Ddl,  Sarthe,  Columbi^res  in  Calvados,  &c. 
Mr.  Trevelyan  also  read  some  letters 
written  by  John  Willoughby,  an  under- 
graduate   of   Wadham    College,    to    his 
father,  John  Willoughby,  esq.  of  Peyhem- 
bury,  Devon,  of  which  the  following  is  an 
abstract : — After  sundry  dutiful  expres- 
sions and  remarks  on  his  father's  advice, 
that  he  should  not  associate  with  lewd 
company,  and  that  he  should  abstain  from 
taverns— which    cautions  he    appears   to 
have  considered  as  unnecessary — he  says, 
in  answer  to  a  complaint  that  he  was  neg- 
ligent  in  writing,    that   it    was  not  his 
fault,  as  he  had  sent  a  letter  a  month 
since  by  a  speedy  messenger,  who  carried 
it  as  far  as  Tiverton,  and  promised  that  it 
should  be  delivered  that  same  week ;  in 
which  letter  he  had  written  for  cloth  to 
make  a  winter  suit,  and  had  acknowledged 
the  receipt  of  eight  pounds,'.8ent  by  John 
Bartlet,  the  carrier.     He  also  thanks  his 
father  and  mother  for  their  tokens  of  four 
shUlings  and  five  shillings ;  and  says,  that. 


1S43J 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


79 


&8  for  a  token  for  his  tutor,  he  knows 
**  nothing  more  convenient  than  a  turky- 
pie  will  be  in  Lent.*'  Dated  Wad.  Coil. 
15  Nov.  1630.  In  another  letter,  April 
35,  he  writes  for  money,  to  make  him  a 
summer  suit.  In  a  letter  dated  Dec.  30, 
1630,  he  mentions  having  received  the 
cloth  by  John  Bartlet,  and  mentions  that 
his  battels  for  the  quarter  will  come  to 
41,  12«. ;  his  chamber' rent  to  \0s,  ; 
tutor,  208. ;  decrements,  48.  Sd. ;  ser- 
vitor, 58. ;  laundress,  4^. ;  two  pair  of 
shoes,  5».  4d. ;  wood,  \\s,\  coals,  2«.  Qd,  ; 
hat  and  band,  \2d. ;  shoe-ties,  \2d. ; 
dressing  a  hat,  8(f. ;  and  says  that  5«. 
he  was  '*  enjoined  to  bestow  in  apples 
and  sugar  for  my  admittance  to  the  fires, 
which  has  always  been  a  custom  in  the 
house ;"  and  begs  that,  '<  as  my  money  has 
been  laid  out  as  I  have  afore  shewed  you,'' 
he  would  be  pleased  to  pay  for  the  trim- 
ming of  his  suit,  '*  having  promised  to 
pay  the  mercer  ''  (whose  bill  is  inclosed 
for  1/.  \\8.  5d.)  *'  at  the  next  return  of 
the  carrier."  He  concludes  this,  and  most 
of  his  letters,  with  desiring  that  his  duty 
might  be  remembered  to  his  mother,  his 
love  to  his  sister  and  to  Besse  Taylor.  In 
the  last  letter,  dated  June  21,  he  accepts 
a  permission  to  come  into  the  country, 
amongst  other  reasons,  in  that,  were  he  to 
stay  in  Oxford,  he  must  make  him  a 
gown ;  **  besides,  the  bed  that  I  have  lain 
on  ever  since  I  have  been  in  Oxford  had 
been  sent  for  by  its  owner  last  week,*'  so 
he  was  obliged  to  borrow  a  bed  out  of  the 
town,  until  the  Act,  and  if  he  stayed 
longer  would  have  to  provide  another — he 
asks  for  his  quarter's  allowance,  because 
he  intends  to  make  another  summer  suit, 
having  but  one  at  that  time  that  he  can 
wear  in  the  country  ;  besides  that,  he 
wants  other  things,  and  thinks  the  tutor 
and  bursar  will  expect  to  be  paid  for  the 
quarter  before  he  goes.  A  receipt  from 
John  Bartlet  the  .carrier,  for  8/.  received 
of  John  Willoughby  of  Peyhembury,  in 
Devon,  which  he  binds  himself  and  his 
executors  to  repay  within  ten  days  next 
following  unto  Mr.  John  Willoughby,  in 
Wadham  College,  in  Oxford,  Sept.  5, 
1630.  A  letter,  dated  Oxford,  Sept.  1, 
1605,  written  by  Christopher  Trevelyan 
(of  Exeter  College)  to  his  father,  John 
Trevelyan,  esq.  of  Nettlecomb,  Somerset, 
gives  an  account  of  the  visit  paid  to  the 
University  by  James  I.,  on  the  27  August, 
and  how  he  was  entertained  with  speeches, 
presents,  sermons,  and  disputations  in 
divinity,  civil  law,  physic,  natural  and 
moral  philosophy.  "  His  Majesty  made 
a  gratolatory  speech  to  the  University, 
pertoadiog  them  to  unity  and  true  reU- 
gion,  in  ;which  there  was  shown  great 
.learning,  ai  also  in  his  disputing  and  mo- 


derating.'* Among  the  questions  pro- 
posed for  disputation  were,  (as  shown  in 
another  paper,)  in  theology — **  An  sancti 
et  angeli  cognoscunt  cogitationes  cor- 
dium?"  in  medicine — **  An  mores  nutri- 
cum  a  puerulis  cum  lacte  imbibantur  ?" 
and — "  An  creber  suffitus  Nicotianse 
Exoticse  sit  sanis  salutaris?"  in  philoso- 
phia  naturali — **  An  opera  artis,  possit 
aurum  conflari?''  (See  Nichols's  Pro- 
gresses, &c.  of  King  James  I.  vol.  i.  pp. 
533,  et  seq.).  In  another  letter,  dated 
July  30,  1610,  the  same  writer  men- 
tions **  our  new  Waddam  College,  whose 
first  foundation-stone  will  be  layed  on 
this  next  morning  with  as  much  so- 
lemnity as  the  time  will  permit,  being  as 
it  is  in  the  vacation,  at  what  "time  the 
University  is  always  barest  and  most 
stript  of  her  company,  yet  stored  with  a 
sufficient  number,  who  are  encouraged 
with  as  great  means  for  study  as  at  other 
times.'' 

[The  originals  of  these  letters  are  pre- 
served, amongst  many  others,  among  the 
records  of  Sir  John  Trevelyan,  Bart.,  at 
Nettlecombe  in  Somersetshire.] 

NUMISMATIC    SOCIETY. 

June  15.  The  Annual  Meeting  was 
held.  Professor  H.  H.  Wilson,  President, 
in  the  Chair. 

The  Report  of  Council  on  the  state  and 
prospects  of  the  Society,  was  read. 

The  loss  of  members  by  death  is  four, 
namely,  C.  Brooker,  Esq.,  Robert  Fox, 
Esq.  F.S.A.,  J.  Gage  Rokewode,  Esq. 
Dir.  S.A.,  and  B.  Smith,  Esq.,  and  one 
honorary  member,  Capt.  Hely,  of  Rome. 
Mr.  Fox  has  been  long  known  as  the 
enlightened  promoter  .  of  literary  and 
scientific  pursuits  in  the  towns  of  God- 
manchester  and  Huntingdon ;  Mr.  Gage 
Rokewode,  for  the  amenity,  liberality, 
and  zeal  which  he  displayed  as  Director 
of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  and  for  the 
patient  research  and  extensive  learning 
displayed,  in  his  antiquarian  and  topo- 
graphical researches. 

The  Society  has  also  lost  three  of  its 
foreign  associates,  all  eminently  dis- 
tinguished for  their  labours  in  numismatic 
science,  or  in  kindred  branches  of  inquiry ; 
they  are  Mons.  Mionnet,  Dr.  Gesenius, 
and  Chevalier  P.  O.  Br5ndsted. 

The  name  of  Mionnet  has  been  as- 
sociated with  the  numismata  of  classical 
antiquity  for  nearly  half  a  century.  He 
was  born  in  1770.  His  taste  for  nu- 
mismatic investigations  developed  itself 
even  in  boyhood,  and  in  early  youth  he 
became  known  to  the  chief  collectors  and 
amateurs  of  Paris  as  a  numismatist  of 
promise,  ^U  of  industry,  zeal,  and  ac- 
quirements.    The   reputation    he    soon 


89 


Anttquarkm  Raearehet. 


[J«ly, 


established  gained  him  the  notice  of  the 
GoTernment  of  France,  and  he  received 
an  appointment  in  the  Cabinet  des  M^- 
dailles.  He  commenced  his  public  career 
on  the  5th  of  May,  1795,  and,  by  a 
singular  coincidence  of  dates,  terminated 
his  duties  and  his  existence  on  the  anni* 
tersary  of  that  day,  in  1842.  At  the 
time  of  his  death,  M.  Mionnet  held  the 
office  of  "  CoQservateur  adjoint  du 
Cabinet  des  M^  dailies  et  Antiques  de 
la  Biblioth^ue  du  Roi/'  In  his  vo- 
luminous work,  the  "  Description  des 
M^dailles  Antiques,''  he  has  embodied 
the  observations  and  information  of  a  long 
and  eminent  numismatic  life,  and  has 
collected  from  a  variety  of  sources  a  vast 
mass  of  most  important  details. 

Dr.  Gesenius  is  chiefly  known  on 
account  of  his  critical  and  philological 
researches,  particularly  those  directed  to 
the  illustration  of  the  Hebrew  language. 
Yet  he  also  directed  his  uncommon  learn- 
ing and  unwearied  perseverance  to  a 
collateral  branch  of  inquiry,  in  which 
numismatic  science  was  an  indispensable 
auxiliary,  the  determination  of  the  Phoe- 
nician characters  of  language.  Accordingly 
in  his  celebrated  work  published  atLeipsic, 
in  1837,  "  ScriptursB  Linguseque  Phoe- 
nicise  Monumenta,''  his  third  book  treats 
De  Numis  Phceniciis,  and  he  has  given 
representations  of  a  number  of  Phoenician 
coins  and  interpretations  of  their  legends 
in  Phoenician  characters.  Dr.  Gesenius 
died  at  Halle  in  October  last,  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  which  city  he  had  held  the 
Professorship  of  Hebrew  for  thirty- two 
years. 

Of  the  Chevalier  Brdndsted  an  ample 
memoir  has  been  already  placed  before  our 
readers  in  our  Magazine  for  Aug.  1842, 
p.  211. 

A  more  considerable  decrease  in  the 
numbers  of  the  Society  has  arisen  from 
the  many  retirements  during  the  year, 
amounting  to  upwards  of  thirty.  It 
would  appear  that  these  were  of  a  class 
from  whom  the  Society  had  never  received 
any  support  whatever,  not  even  pecuniary 
aid.  They  were,  in  fact,  but  nominally 
members,  and,  as  their  names  added 
nothing  to  the  resources  of  the  Society, 
80  no  detriment  is  suffered  from  their 
disappearance  from  its  list.  Most  of  them 
seem  to  have  been  elected  in  the  infancy 
of  the  Society,  or  had  been  included  among 
original  Members  from  a  misapprehension 
of  their  intentions.  The  bad  effects  of 
having  the  list  swelled  by  non-paying  and 
non-effective  Members,  so  fatal  to  the 
prosperity  and  existence  of  scientific 
societies,  was  fortunately  seen  by  the 
Council  of  the  Numismatic  Society  before 
the  evil  had  become  irremediable,  and 
energetic  measures  were  adopted  which 
10 


have  led  to  the  best  results ;  some  few  of 
the  defaulters  paid,  and  the  rest,  on  being 
pressed  for  arrears,  retired  Arom  the 
Society. 

Several  new  Members  and  Associates 
have  been  elected. 

The  receipts  of  the  year  are  295/.  12*.  3d. 
the  disbursements  240/.  48.  9d.  leaving 
a  balance  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer  of 
55/.  Js.  6d, ;  but  for  the  following  year 
neither  the  one  nor  the  other  could  be 
expected  to  be  so  considerable,  yet  the 
Treasurer's  statement  affords  reasonable 
grounds  for  anticipating  a  much  more 
healthy  and  prosperous  condition  of  the 
ftmds  than  has  existed  since  the  institu- 
tion of  the  Society. 

The  enumeration  of  the  benefactors  of 
the  Society  is  a  subject  of  the  most  satis- 
factory contemplation,  not  merely  from 
their  valuable  donations  to  the  cabinets 
and  library  of  the  Society,  but  also  from 
their  widely  extended  range,  comprehend- 
ing not  only  various  distinguished  in- 
dividuals in  this  country,  but,  in  a  still 
greater  proportion,  the  most  eminent 
patrons  and  cultivators  of  numismatic 
science  abroad.  From  Paris,  Brussels, 
Madrid,  Rome,  Florence,  Vienna,  Athens, 
and  Petersburgh,  and  many  other  places 
on  the  continent,  the  Society  has  received 
the  most  flattering  proofs  that  its  exertions, 
however  humble  and  restricted,  (unaided 
by  the  countenance  and  support  of  the 
Government,  which  in  England  is  afforded 
to  some  other  societies,)  have  been  known 
and  appreciated  in  the  most  favourable 
manner  throughout  the  whole  of  Europe. 

The  result  of  the  ballot  being  declared 
by  the  scrutineers,  the  Rev.  G.  C. 
Renouard  and  Mr.  Pfister,  the  following 
were  declared  elected  as  Officers  and 
Council  for  the  year  1843-4:  as  Presi- 
dent, the  Lord  Albert  Denison  Conyng- 
ham,F.S.A. ;  as  Vice-Presidents,  Charles 
Frederick  Barnwell,  esq.  F.R.S.  F.S.A. ; 
Horace  Hayman  Wilson,  esq.  F.R.S. 
M.R.A.S. ;  as  Treasurer,  John  B.  Bergne, 
esq. ;  as  Secretaries,  John  Yonge  Aker- 
man,  esq.  F.S.A. ;  Charles  Roach  Smith, 
esq.  F.S.A.  ;  as  Foreign  Secretary,  John 
Yonge  Akerman,  esq.  F.S.A. ;  as  Libra- 
rian, Hugh  Welch  Diamond,  esq.  F.S.A. ; 
as  Members  of  the  Council,  Samuel 
Birch,  esq. ;  John  Brumell,  esq.  ;  the 
Hon.  Theobald  Fitzwalter  Butler;  the 
Rev.  Henry  Christmas,  M.A.  F.R.S. 
F.S.A. ;  George  Richard  Corner,  esq. 
F.S.A. ;  James  Dodsley  Cuff,  esq.  F.S.A. ; 
William  Debonaire  Haggard,  esq.  F.S.A. 
F.R.A.S. ;  Edward  Hawkins,  esq.  F.R.S. 
F.S.A.  F.L.S. ;  Thomas  Horsfield,  esq. 
M.D.  M.R.A.S. ;  John  Huxtable,  esq. ; 
John  Lee,  esq.  LL.D.  F.R.S.  F.S.A* 
y.P«R.A«S« ;  Benjamin  Nightingale^  esq. 


184S.] 


Antiquarian  Researehei, 


81 


CITY  EXCAVATIONS. 

(Continued  from  Vol,  XIX. p,  636 J 
Holbom  Bridge. — In  excavating^  the 
ground  at  the  south-east  corner  of  the 
new  street  for  the  purpose  of  building, 
the  soil  presented  all  the  indications  of 
an  alluvial  deposit,  such  as  might  be 
expected  from  the  site  of  the  ancient  bed 
of  the  once  navigable  river  "  Fleet." 
Fragments  were  also  found  in  consider- 
able quantity  of  Roman  amphorse, 
cinerary  urns,  Samian  ware,  &c.  &c. 
On  the  same  level  also  were  numerous 
bucks*  horns,  chiefly  of  small  size. 

Cateaton  Street, — In  excavating  the 
site  of  the  PauPs  Head  for  the  erection  of 
a  large  carpet  warehouse,  the  discoveries 
have  been  of  rather  an  interesting  character 
to  the  antiquarian  citizen,  but  as  they 
have  been  already  noticed  in  some  of  the 
public  papers  I  shall  but  briefly  allude  to 
them.  That  there  was  anciently  a  build- 
ing here  of  some  importance  and  magni- 
tude in  the  early  period  of  the  city's 
history  (although  not  mentioned  by  our 
historians)  is  indicated  by  the  immense 
walls  of  chalk  and  stone,  which,  from 
their  extent  and  thickness,  must  have 
formed  no  slight  addition  to  the  labours 
of  the  excavators.  Near  the  centre  was 
found,  at  a  depth  of  about  ten  feet  from 
the  surface,  a  series  of  wooden  piles ; 
but  for  what  purpose  they  had  been  placed 
there  (except  for  the  support  of  a  floor- 
ing), was  not  apparent.  There  was  no 
indication  of  any  masonry  having  been 
erected  on  them.  •  Mr.  Beloe,  a  tradesman 
in  the  vicinity,  is  in  possession  of  several 
bottles  of  glass  and  earthenware  of  various 
shapes  and  sizes,  apparently  of  the  17  th 
or  16th  century,  which  have  been  turned 
up  during  the  progress  of  the  work,  also 
several  encaustic  tiles,  which  in  all  proba- 
bility belonged  to  the  adjacent  church  of 
St.  Lawrence,  prior  to  the  fire  of  1666. 
These  however  with  that  zealous  love  of 
embellishment  which  so  often  characterizes 
newspaper  paragraphs  have  been  alluded 
to  as  tessellated  pavement.  The  Roman 
level  presented  the  usual  variety  of  broken 
pottery  and  Samian  ware,  some  of  the 
figured  specimens  of  the  latter  exhibiting 
considerable  elegance  and  chasteness. 
Others  rather  the  reverse  of  the  latter 
characteristic.  Two  small  pateres  of  this 
beautiful  ware  have  been  found  nearly 
perfect,  bearing  the  potters'  names, 
BVRDONis  and  atentini. 

Paternoster  Row,  ~A  large  building  on 
the  west  side  of  Canon  Alley  is  now  in 
course  of  erection  for  the  Religious  Tract 
Sodity.  The  South-west  comer  of  this 
kaoMiiie  excavation  is  immediately  be- 
lund  the  Chapter  House.  Large  quantities 
•f  liusaB  remains  have  been  disinterred 
Gbnt.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


(on  the  south  side)  from  a  resting  place 
of  perhaps  several  centuries,   inasmuch 
as  I  presume  them  to  be  some  of  the  re^ 
mains   of  the  interments  in    the    great 
cemetery  or   **  charnel,"    mentioned   by 
Stow  as  situated  on  the  north  side  of  St. 
Paul's   Churchyard,   and  which  was  de- 
molished in  the    reign    of   Edward  VI. 
The  remains  of  foundation  walls  of  chalk 
and  stone  which  have  appeared  corrobo- 
rate the  opinion.     I  may  here  mention, 
that  the  west  side  of  the  cellar  of  the 
King's  Head  Tavern,  Canon  Alley,  stande 
upon  a  wall  of  this  description,  which  apt. 
parently  extends  into  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, as  evinced  during  the  excavation? 
for  a  sewer  in   July  1841,  (of  which  I 
furnished  you  with  a  notice  in  Gent.  Mag* 
Sept.   1841.)     During  the  operations  a 
labourer  dug  up  a  stone  bottle  exhibiting 
the    grotesque  bearded    head,   with   an 
armorial  shield,  and  date    1618.     Frag- 
ments of  Samian  and  other  pottery  of 
the   Roman   period  have  been  found  in 
abundance.     Among  the  former  is  a  por- 
tion of  an  unusually  large  patera,  bearing 
the    impress    of    ADVOCISI   in    large 
characters  on  the  side.   Coins — Faustina, 
large  brass,  same  t3rpe  as  those  found  in  St. 
Paul's  Churchyard,  July  1841  ;  Claudius^ 
second  size,  and  a  third  brass,  apparently 
Commodus,   but  all  in  a  very  corroded 
state.    A  small  portion  of  a  tessellated 
pavement  consisting  of  the  small  white 
and  grey  tesserse  was  found  at  the  north-* 
east  corner,    and    apparently    extended 
beneath  the  road. 

Butcher  Hall  Lane.  Within  these  few 
days  a  farther  extension  of  the  sewer  of 
which  I  sent  you  a  notice  (Gent.  Mag. 
Jan.  1843,)  has  been  commenced  in  front 
of  the  new  houses  erected  here,  and  is 
being  carried  on  to  Newgate-street.  Here, 
as  in  the  foregoing  instances,  I  noticed 
the  remains  of  chalk  masonry  of  massive 
character.  A  wall,  about  3  feet  thick, 
commencing  about  6  feet  from  the  surfacCf 
and  extending  to  a  depth  of  14  or  15  feet, 
was  discovered  near  the  north-east  corner 
of  Christ's  Church.  Near  this  spot,  at 
a  depth  of  about  5  or  6  feet,  was  found 
an  ancient  brass  seal  of  remarkable  design, 
being  a  crow,  a  lion  rampant,  and  a  fish^ 
inscribed  S'  WALTERI  DE  CORF 
CASTEL  CL'I.  A  large  quantity  of 
red  earthenware  pipe,  evidently  a  con- 
tinuation of  that  found  in  this  lane  on  the 
former  occasion,  was  found  at  a  depth  of 
from  8  to  10  feet.  On  the  Roman  level 
have  been  found  a  portion  of  an  immense 
antler,  fragments  of  Samian  pottery, 
mortarise,  urns,  &c.  coins  of  Valens  and 
Constantino,  but  scarcely  legible. 

£.  B.  P. 


M 


82 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


House  of  Commons,  May  24. 

Mr.  Ho8i  moved  the  second  reading  of 
the  Roman  Catholic  Oaths  (Ireland) 
Bill,  which  was  opposed  by  Sir  R,  Inglis. 
The  Jltomei/' General  for  Ireland,  think- 
ing? the  oath  bad  an  unfair  tendency  to 
delay  the  polling  of  voters  at  the  elections, 
felt  Doiind  not  to  refuse  bis  assent  to  the 
Bill. — The  bill  was  read  a  second  time. 

May  25.  Mr.  Christie  moved  for  leave 
to  bring  in  a  Bill  to  abolish  certain  Oaths 
and  Subscriptions  now  required  in  the 
Universities  of  Oxfobd  and  Cam- 
bridge, and  to  provide  for  the  extension 
of  education  in  these  universities  to  per- 
sons not  members  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land. After  a  debate  the  motion  was 
negatived  by  175  to  101. 

May  29.  Lord  Eliot  moved  the  second 
reading  of  the  Irish  Arms  Bill.  The 
reports  of  the  constabulary  force  con- 
tained  evidence  respecting  the  propen- 
sities of  the  Irish  peasantry  to  violence, 
and  their  extreme  avidity  for  posses- 
sion of  arms,  their  attacks  upon  bouses, 
and  the  late  assassinations  which  had  taken 
place. — Mr.  Sharman  Crawford  said  that 
England  was  herself  the  cause  of  the  re- 
vival of  the  measure,  by  breaking  all  her 
promises  of  redress  for  Irish  grievances. 
He  moved  that  it  should  be  read  a  second 
time  that  day  six  months.  Lord  Clements 
aeconded  the  amendment. — Mr.  Smith 
(the  Attorney-  General  for  Ireland)  said 
that  the  objects  of  the  present  Repeal  agi- 
tators were,  first,  the  total  abolition  of 
the  tithe  commutation  rent-charge ;  next, 
the  extension  of  the  parliamentary  suf- 
frage to  all  sane  male  adults  not  convicted 
of  a  crime  ;    next,  fixity  of  tenure — a 

Ehrase  meaning  the  transfer  of  the  whole 
mded  property  of  Ireland  from  the  land- 
lord to  the  tenant ;  and  with  these  were 
required  vote  by  ballot,  and  one  or  two 
other  extreme  propositions  of  tlie  same 
class.  The  measure  provided  by  this  Bill 
had  been  in  existence  with  little  inter, 
mission  for  almoht  a  century,  and  its 
necessity  was  cogent.  The  debate  was 
continued  during  three  nights,  and  on  the 
morning  of  June  1st  the  Bill  was  read  a 
second  time,  with  a  majority  of  270  to 
105. 

June  2.  Sir  A.  Peet  moved  the  second 
reading  of  the  Canada  Wheat  Bill.-- 
Lord  Worsley  proposed,  as  an  amend- 
ment, that  the  Bill  be  read  a  second  time 
that  day  six  months.  After  some  dis- 
cussion, the  House  divided  —  for  the 
amendment,  109 ;  against  it,  209.    Ma- 


jority,  100.     The  Bill  was  then  read  a 
second  time. 

June  12.     Sir  R.  Peel  moved  an  ad- 
dress to  her  Mnjesty  relative  to  the  in- 
tended marriage  of  her  Royal  Highness 
the  Princess  Augusta  of  Cambridge 
to  the  Duke  of  Mecklenburgh  Strelitz. 
Mr.  Hume  proposed  to  add,  by  way  of 
amendment,  a  sentence  intimating  that 
the  House,  in  making  provision  for  her 
Royal  Highness,  would  have  regard  to 
the  present  distress  of  the  country.     For 
the  motion,  276;  for  the  amendment, 52; 
— majority,  224<.  The  House  having  gone 
into  committee.   Sir  R,  Peel  said,  the 
custom  appeared  to  have  been  that  on  the 
marri»ge  of  a  Princess  her  parent  made 
provision  for  her  during  bis   own    life ; 
and  he  should  therefore  propose,  not  that 
any  immediate  sum  should  be  voted,  but 
that  on  the  death  of  the  Duke  of  Cam- 
bridge a  portion  of  his  annuity  should  be 
disposable  by  her  Majesty  for  the  benefit 
of  his  royal  daughter  during  her  life ;  the 
amount  of  which  should  be  3,000/.  a  year. 
—Mr.  AJackinnon  moved,  as  an  amend- 
ment, that  the  provision  should  be  2,000/. 
a  year,  to  commence  from  the  marriage. 
After  some  further  conversation,  the  vote 
was  postponed.-'Before  going  into  Com- 
mittee of  Ways  and  Means,  Lord  Howick 
moved  a  Committee  of  the  whole  House, 
with  a  view  to  repeal  the  duty  imposed 
last  year  upon  the  exportation  of  Coals. 
The  ground  on  which  the  tax  had  been 
put  was   that  of  revenue,  and   on  that 
ground  it  had  been  a  failure,  having  pro- 
duced only  88,000/.  from  which  was  to  be 
deducted  the  cost  of  collection,  while  the 
export  trade  had  suffered  most  seriously 
from  the  measure. — Mr.  Gladstone  op- 
posed  the  motion  on  the  ground  that  the 
finances  would  not  bear  the  loss  of  the 
revenue  produced  by  the  tax,  which  would 
probably  amount  to  112,000/ or  114,000/. 
instead  of  88,000/.— The  House  divided. 
For  the  motion,  124;  against  it,  187; — 
majority,  63. 

June  13.  Lord  John  Russell  moved  a 
Committee  of  the  whole  House,  to  con> 
sider  the  laws  relating  to  the  importation 
of  Foreign  Grain.  Negatived  by  244 
to  145. 

June  14.  The  consideration  of  the 
annuity  to  her  Royal  Highness  the  Prin- 
CESS  Augusta  of  Cambridge  on  her 
marriage  was  resumed.  The  House 
having  gone  into  Committee,  the  chairman 
(Mr.  Greene)  read  the  motion,  that  "  an 
annuity  of  3,000/.  be  settled  upon  her 


1843.] 


foreign  News* 


83 


Royal  Higbness  the  Princess  Augusta 
Caroline,  eldest  daughter  of  his  Royal 
Higbness  the  Duke  of  Cannbridgei  upon 
her  hiarriage  with  bis  Royal  High  nebs 
Frederick,  Hereditnry  Grand  Duke  of 
Mecklenburgh  Strelitz  ;  the  same  to  take 
effect  from  the  decease  of  bis  said  Royal 
Higbness  the  Duke  of  Cambridge,  and  to 
be  chained  upon  the  consolidated  fund  of 
the  united  kingdom  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland/'  —  Mr.  Hume  moved  as  an 
amendment  that  the  ample  allowance  en- 
joyed by  the  Duke  of  Cambridge  should 
have  enabled  him  to  make  provision  for 
his  children,  and  that  in  the  present  state 
of  the  country  it  was  not  wise  or  just  to 
make  this  a  grant  from  the  public  money. 
The  House  divided  :  for  the  grant,  223 ; 
for  Mr.  Hume*s  amendment,  57. 

June  15.  After  the  presentation  of  an 
immense  number  of  petitions  against  the 
educational  clauses  of  the  Factories  Bill, 
including  upwards  of  200  petitions  by 
Mr.  C.  ffindlei/t  &nd  one  by  Lord  John 
Rueseli  from  the  city  of  London,  with 
more  than  55,000  signatures.  Sir  James 
Graham  rose  to  make  an  announcement, 
on  the  part  of  her  Majesty's  Government, 
in  reference  to  this  Bill.  He  said  he  had 
stated,  when  he  introduced  the  measure, 
that  it  was  not  framed  in  a  sectarian 
spirit,  and  he  hoped  it  would  not  be  so 
treated  by  the  House  or  the  country.  He 
thanked  the  House  for  the  manner  in 
which  the  measure  hud  been  treated  by 
them  ;  but  the  opposition  throughout  the 
country  had  been  so  great,  that  it  had 
been  found  necessary  materially  to  modify 
its  provisions  relating  to  education,  and 
he  had  hoped  that  the  modifications  made 
would  have  removed  the  objections  to 
this  Bill.  In  this  hope,  however,  he  had 
been  entirely  disappointed,  as  the  oppo* 
sition  to  the  measure  remained  unabated, 
and,  under  all  the  circumstances,  he  had 
to  announce  that  her  Majesty's  Govern- 


ment had  come  to  the  decision  that  they 
would  act  most  consistently  with  their 
duty  not  to  press  the  educational  clauses 
of  the  measure  during  the  preset^  session. 
— On  the  order  of  the  day  for  Committee 
on  the  Arms  (Ireland)  Bill,  Mr.  Wynn 
moved  as  an  amendment,  *'  that  it  be  re« 
ferred  to  a  Select  Committee  to  inquire 
and  report  how  far  it  is  just  and  politic 
any  longer  to  restrict  the  Irish  people 
from  the  free  exercise  of  their  admitted 
constitutional  right  to  bear  arms."  The 
debate  was  continued  during  three  nights, 
when  the  amendment  was  negatived  by 
276  to  122. 

June  16.  The  second  reading  of  the 
Princess  Augusta's  Annuity  Bill,  after 
being  opposed  by  Mr.  Hume^  was  carried 
by  Ul  to  37. 

June  20,  The  Townshend  Peerage 
Bill,  passed  by  the  Lords,  '*  to  declare  that 
certain  persons  therein  mentioned  are  not 
children  of  the  Most  Hon.  George- Fer* 
rers  Marquess  of  Townshend,**  came  on 
for  its  second  reading  when  Mr.  Charlei 
BuUer  proposed  that  it  be  deferred 
for  six  months.  The  original  motion 
was  carried  by  153  to  49. 

Mr.  Hawes  moved  the  reconsideration 
of  the  Danish  Claims  (for  losses  sus- 
tained by  British  ships  in  1807.)  Ayes 
42,  Noes  57. 

Mr.  Shf'rman  Crawford  moved  for 
leave  to  biing  in  a  Bill  to  repeal  the  Sep- 
tennial Act.    Ayes  23,  Noes  46. 

June  22.  In  Committee  on  Sugar 
Duties  Bill,  the  Chancellor  of  the  Ex* 
chequer  proposed  to  continue  the  present 
duties  for  one  year.  Mr.  Ewart  moved 
as  an  amendment  a  resolution  for  levying 
a  uniform  duty  on  Foreign  and  Colonial 
Sugar,  which  was  negatived  by  135  to 
50.— Mr.  Hawes  moved  the  reduction  of 
the  duty  on  Foreign  Sugars  to  34f  •  Ne« 
gatived  by  203  to  122. 


FOREIGN   NEWS. 


SPAIN. 


This  distracted  country  seems  not  un- 
likely to  be  the  scene  of  another  civil 
war,  if  the  firmness  of  the  Regent  does 
not  arrest  the  insurrection.  He  has  issued 
a  spirited  and  constitutional  manifesto, 
and  heads  a  portion  of  the  army  himself. 

CHINA. 

The  death  of  Elepoo,  the  Imperial 
Commissioner,  in  March,  has  occasioned 
some  delay  in  the  settlement  of  the  treaty 
and  commercial  tariff.  The  Hong  mer- 
chants have  been  busily  endeavouring  to 


prevent  the  other  ports  named  in  the 
treaty  from  having  equal  advantages  with 
Canton. 

INDIA. 

Sir  C.  J.  Napier  has  gained  another 
victory  in  Scinde.  Ic  appears  that  an 
army  of  Beloochees,  twenty  thousand 
strong,  under  the  command  of  Meer 
Shere  Mahomed,  had  taken  up  a  strong 
position  on  the  river  Fullalie,  near  the 
spot  where  the  Ameere  of  Scinde  were  so 
signally  defeated ;  and  Sir  C.  J.  Napier, 
on  Hscertainiiig  the  fact,  resolved  to  attack 
them  forthwith.    On  the  24tb  of  March 


84 


Domeitk  Oeeurrencet. 


[July, 


he  moved  from  Hyderabad  at  the  bead  of 
5,000  men.  The  battle  lasted  for  three 
hours;  victory  at  last  declared  for  the 
British  ^rmy ;  eleven  guns  and  nineteen 
•tandards  were  taken  ;  about  1,000  of  the 
•nemy  were  killed,  and  4,000  wounded. 
The  loss  of  the  British  amounted  to  30 
killed  and  231  wounded.  Her  Majesty'^ 
82nd,  the  only  royal  regiment  at  the 
battle,  led  the  attack ,  and  was  gallantly 
supported  by  the  Native  troops.  This 
victory  seals  the  fate  of  Scinde  and  Be- 
Ipochistan,  which  are  now  finally  an- 
nexed to  the  Indian  empire.  Lord  Ellen- 
borough  has  appointed  governors  and  col- 
lectors at  the  principal  places  along  the 
river  on  both  banks,  and  is  taking  active 
measures  to  reconcile  the  people  to  British 
dominion.  The  Ameers  of  Scinde  ar* 
rived  at  Bombay  on  the  19th  of  April, 
where  they  were  received  with  distinc- 
tion, and  sent  to  reside,  under  a  guard,  at 
Malabar-point  Government  House.  One 
of  them,  however,  who  had  been  impli- 
cated in  the  murder  of  Captain  Innes, 
was  confined  in  Fort  George. 

The  intelligence  from  Affghanistan  is 


of  little  importance.     Akbar  Khaii 
still  at  the  head  of  the  government,  but 
his  popularity  had  greatly  decreased. 

SERVIA. 

The  Servians  have  made  their  full  sub- 
mission to  the  Ottoman  Government, 
and  are  prepared  to  accede  in  all  things  to 
the  command  of  the  Sultan. 

PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS. 

On  the  21st  of  January  the  capital  of 
the  Phillippines,  was  the  theatre  of  a 
horrible  event.  A  part  of  the  3rd  bat- 
talion of  the  line  quartered  at  Malata  re- 
volted. Some  of  them  were  mounting 
guard  at  the  Fort  of  Santiago,  according 
to  the  custom  of  the  corps  of  the  garri- 
son,  when  at  daylight  they  were  rein- 
forced furtively  by  other  soldiers  of  their 
dorps,  who  sallied  out  of  their  quarters, 
after  having  killed  their  captain  and  a 
lieutenant,  and  introduced  themselves 
into  the  fort  by  scaling  the  walls.  On 
the  5th  of  February  upwards  of  80  of  the 
rebels  were  sentenced  to  die  the  death  of 
traitors  ;  41  were  executed  on  the  9th  of 
February,  and  the  others  on  the  1 1th. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


June  1.    The  anniversary  of  the  me- 
inorable  victory  of  Lord  Howe  was  chosen 
for  laying  the  foundation   stone  of  the 
new  edifice  at   Counter  Hill,  Deptford, 
for  the  Royal  Naval  School,  provisionally 
opened  at   Camberwell  in   1833.      The 
eeremony    was    perfornned   by   H.R.H. 
JPrince  Albert,  attended  by  the  Earl  of 
Haddington,  the  Bishop  of  Rochester, 
Adm.  Sir  Charles  Ogle,  who  is  President 
of  the  institution,  and  a  vast  concourse  of 
naval  officers  and   others.     The  mallet 
used  by  his  Royal   Highness  bears  this 
inscription,   "  Relic  of  the  Victory,  104 
guns,  in  which  Nelson  fell  21st  of  Oc- 
tober,  1805.    England  expects  every  man 
to  do   bis  duty.     Hoiii  soit  qui  mal  y 
pense."    The  intended  edifice  is  designed 
in  a  quadrangular  form,  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  400  pupils.     One  half  of  it  has 
been  contracted  for  at  13,000/. — On  the 
same  day  a  Fancy  Fair  was  held  in  the 
Painted  Hall  of  the   Royal  Hospital  at 
Greenwich,  for  the  benefit  of  the  Ship- 
wrecked Fishermen's  and  Mariners'  So- 
ciety.    No  fewer  than  12,000  persons  are 
•upposed  to  have  entered  the  gates,  many 


of  whom  were  unable  to  make  their  way 
into  the  Hall. 

June  2.  The  Queen's  second  daughter 
was  christened  in  the  new  Chapel  at 
Buckingham  Palace  by  the  names  of 
Alice  Maud  Mary.  The  sponsors  were, 
the  King  of  Hanover,  represented  by  the 
Duke  of  Cambridge;  the  Hereditary 
Prince  of  Saxe  Coburg  and  Gotha,  repre- 
sented  by  the  Hereditary  Grand  Duke  of 
Mecklenburgh  Strelitz  {  the  Princess  of 
Hohenlohe  Langenburg  represented  by 
the  Duchess  of  Kent ;  and  the  Princess 
Sophia  Matilda,  in  person.  The  Queen 
Dowager,  the  Crown  Prince  of  Wurtem- 
berg,  the  Duchess  of  Gloucester,  the 
Duchess  of  Cambridge,  Prince  George 
and  the  Princesses  Augusta  and  Mary  of 
Cambridge,  Prince  Edward  of  Saxe  Wei- 
mar, with  the  Queen  and  Prince  Albert, 
attended  by  all  the  high  officers  of  the 
household  and  the  cabinet,  were  also 
present. 

On  the  same  afternoon  the  King  of 
Hanover  arrived  in  London,  in  a  steamer 
from  Calais,  it  being  his  Majesty's  first 
Visit  to  this  country  since  bis  accession. 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


QAzrrtK  Fbouotionb. 

JTm  M.  COIilfitmin  Oaardi,  hnvet  Col. 
C.  A.  F.  Bentini:k  to  be  Major :  Lieut,  nnd 
Capt.  J.  C,  ClJIIwrow  to  be  C»pt.  and  Liam.- 
CobiwL— 4Hh  Fool,  iIa|or  WllliiDi  Bruce, 
ltamh4ir'P«T  anittacbed,  to  be  Mnjor.— fllst 
Foot,  »Wor  Henry  Bnrnstda  lobe  Lieut-Col.; 
Oft.  rTn.  Verati  ID  t«  M^or.— Uuillnched, 
tobeLient.-Colunel,  brerM  Col.  James  Freeih, 
ftom  lwir-i«y  Major  Royal  atuff  Corps— To 
b«  U^or*,  brevet  Liful.-Col.  C.  H.  SmllK, 
rroinhBlf-p»jCapt»iinOtliFoot  ibrcvei  Major 
X.  A,  O'RellLy,  frnm  haKpay  Conlain  21it 
LirtuDranaiii.— Brarrt,  M*jor  ff  jlliuD  Brace, 
tftli«  Wlb  Foot,  to  be  Ueut.-Col. 

, -       OrSw 

at  tSa  BlEli,  ind  Aetlag  Oreit  Maater  or  Iba 
wtd  Hoit  Hon.  Order.— H.  R.  H.  Adolphaa 
F¥tderlck  Duke  of  Ctmbrldge.  K.  G.  lo  ba 
Chief  Ranrer  and  Keeper  of  Hyde  Park  and 
St.  James')  Park.—lBth  Foot,  Gan.  Sir  W.  M, 
PeacocHf,  KG.  to  be  Colonel.— 2Ht  Foot, 
Lleat^Oeo.  tbe  Rt.  Hod.  Sii  Fred.  Adam, 
G.C.B.  and  Q.C.M.G.  to  be  Colonel,— Mtb 
Foot.  Qen.  Jobn  Carl  of  Stair,  to  be  Colonel. 
— tBIh  Foot,  Lieat.-Gea.  Oeorga  Mitldtemore, 
to  be  Colonel.— »tb  Fool.  UeuL-Oan.  the  Rl. 
Hon.  Sir  Henry  Hardlnge,  K.  C.  B.  lo  be 
Colonel.— Ttth  foot,  Ueul.-Gen.  air  Robert 
Arbathnot,  K.Ca  lo  be  Colonel.-Oad  Foot, 
lieut.-Gen.  Sit  WilUaiu  Macbean,  K.C.B.  to 
be  Colonel.-«tb  Fool,  MaJor-den.  Sir  C. 
J.  Napier,  K.C.B.  to  be  Colonel. 

June  10.  James  Rarl  of  Ualhoueie,  Sir  Hd- 
ward  Ryao,  Knt.  and  Tbos.  Pemberton  Leijb, 
cag.  aworn  of  tbe  Privy  Comicil.- Tbe  ttl. 
Hon.  William  Kwart  Gbdstone  and,  in  Hie 
absence,  James  Earl  of  DaJbouaie,  to  be  Pre- 
■idenl  of  the  Commitlea  of  Council  for  tr«de 
and  fordio  planlatloas.- Jobn- Mackellar- 
Skeene.aneTe^l<ht,or  Taignmoutb,  second 
■nrrlvlns  son  of  fiear-Adm.  John  Wigbt,  of 

as  of  ScbYnk'  ooiy.— Royal  Perth. 

shire  MiUtIa,  Sir  Thomas  MoncreilTe,  Ban. 
to  be  HMor. 

June  13.  The  Harqnesa  of  Bute  elected 
K.  T.— Wilts  Militia,  the  Hon.  F.  H-  P.  Me- 
Ibneato  be  M^or.— North  Mld-Lothian  Yeo- 
manry Cavalry,  Sir  Jobn  Hope  Bart,  to  be 
Ueut.-Colonel-Commanilant ;  t&e  Earl  of  Mor- 
ton to  be  Ijenl, -Colonel;  Geor^  Wanchope, 

Jmne  U.  John  Laughton,  esq.  Lieut,  of 
Engineers  on  the  Bengal  Bstablisbmant,  lately 
saninc  with  the  rank  of  M^ar  in  Persia,  and 
Kntehl  of  the  second  class  of  tlie  Lion  and 
Sno,  to  accept  the  flrat  class  ofthaaaid  Order. 

June  la.     3^   Fool,  Ljeol..0en.  Sir  John 

Buchan,  K.  c.  B.  to  ljeColonel.-36th  Fool, 

Capt.    Charles    Trollope  to  be  Mt^or.— 8Bth 

_...     u.:..    .     ^^  H^  ^p|j„  ,0   be   Lieot.- 

■  '  r  Rotwrt   Lewia  "     ' 


Fool,   Uajor   A.    _    -. 

Colonel  i   brevet  Major .. 

Ualor.— Wtb  Foot,  Lieut.-Gen.  O.  G.    L' 
lranm,C.  B.tobeColonel.-Unalti  ■ 
tar  Robert  MoUan.froi   ■     -    -  - 


lobe  lit 


Ma- 


Jlonel;   brevet  tlajor  Oliver  U.  Ainavorili, 
■ma  Slat  Foo^^to  be  M»or. 
Am   19.     Worceaters^ire  Militia,   Lieut.. 
(dOBBlTbODiaa  Uanry  Bund  to  be  Colonel; 


Roy.  Eng.  Lleut.-Gorernor  of  ihe  FalUuHl 
Islands,  to  be  Governor  and  Commander-in< 
Chief  over  the  laid  lalands;  Heory  Morgan, 
eiq.  ID  be  Coroner  tot  the  city  and  territory  of 
Qibraltar ;  Matlbew  Fonter,  awj.  lo  be  Comp- 
irallap^eneral  of  Convicts  in  Van  Diemeu's 
Land.— Unallached,  brevet  Lleut-Col.  Charles 
Dizgle,  from  R.  Mil.  College,  to  be  Major  i 
Britel,  Ciplains  thomaa  Walker,  Ttb  Foot. 
John  Blakistan,  Slst  Foot ;  and  Patrick  Mait- 
land,  list  Foot,  lo  be  Majors  in  tbe  Army. 


Tlie  Very  Rev.  Dr.  Vignolas,to  Iha  Deanery  of 

Eev.  H    U.  Tlghe.  to  be  Dean  of  the  Ch^el 

Royal,  Dublin. 
Rev.  J.  o.  A.  Baker,  Sostbill  V.  with  Old 

Warden. 
Rav. S.  Benson, St. Saviour'!  PC.  BoDthwaril, 
R«(.  B.  Blenh iron.  Little  CoaUsV.  Lincsh. 
Rev.  C.  3.  Bird,  Gainsborough  V.  and  Freb. 

Rev.  O.  1.  CoUinson,  Swanbnrne  V.  Backs. 
Rev.  J.  Cooper,  at.  Andren  the  Great  R.Cam> 

Rav.  J.Dunn,  St.  Eva] 
"—   "  "—  "-   Mich 

,  Waddingwon 

_._  .  .  .  Flatcher,  Harwell  V 

Rav.  n.  Gardner,  Coalville  P.C.  Leicah. 
Rav.  J.  Graliao],  Willi ugham  R.  Ctunbah. 
Rav.  Mr.  Green,  Wooler  V.  Nonhumb. 
Bav.  C.  C.  Goodden,  Montacute  V.  Somsh. 
Rev.  J.  Hall,  Coretey  R.  Salop. 
Rer.  J.  L.  Harding,  Utlleham  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  G.  Lodfurd  ILirvey,  Vale  B.  Qloush. 
Rev.  C.  Henaley,  lo  tba  Neit  Church  of  flu 

Holy  Trinity,  Gainaborough. 
Rev.  «.  Hunter,  St.  Giles's^.  Oifhrd. 
Rev.  C.  K.   KcDuaway,  Trinity  Chapel  P.C 

Rev.T.  Marsden,  Llanfrothau  R.  Merionethsb. 
Rev.  W.  Hodge  Mill,  Braated  R.  Real. 
Bav.  T.  Nunns,  St.  Paul-aP.C.  Leeds. 
Rev.  F.  Otlon,  Allrinchim  P.C.  Cheahire 
Rev.  O.  F.  Owen,  Slrallou  Audley  P.C.  Olhh. 


Rev.  0.  Scott,  Coivold  and  Hnslhwaite  P.C, 

Yorkah. 
Rav.  Uffley  Smith,  I^adenham  R.  Lincsh. 
Rev.  J.  Wanle  Spencer,  Wilton  P.C.  Sumah. 
Rev,  J.  TInhler,  Landbeach  R.  Camb. 
Rev.  T.  Thorogood  L'pgioad,  Terringlon  31. 


Rev.  Amos  Weeloby,  Farthingstone  R  N'p'sh. 
Rev.  J.  C.  Wharton,  Gilling  V.  Yorkshire. 
Rev.  E.  Whitley,  Somara  Tana  P.C.  Wanda- 


Bev.  M.  Wilson  Foye,  SI.  Barth^ooww'i  P.C, 
RevVlL'^«od,'st.  Sepukhn  V.  LondM. 


86 


Births  and  Marriaget. 


[July, 


Cbaplains. 
Rev.  T.  B.  Clarkson,  to  the  Wakefleld  Asylam. 
Rev.  T.  Harvey,  to  be  Resident  Cbaplain  at 

Antwerp. 
Rev.  £.  Rudall,  to  the  Earl  of  St.  Germain. 
Rev.  J.  J.  S«int,  to  the  Earl  of  Abergavenny. 
^v.  C.  A.  Wilkinson,  to  the  King^  of  Hanover. 

Civil  Preferments. 

Rev.  J.  Fenwick,  B.  A.  to  be  Head  Master  of 
the  Ipswich  Grammar  School. 

Rev.  W.  G.  Goodchiid,  B.A.  to  be  Head  Mas- 
ter of  Audlem  Grammar  School,  Cheshire. 

Rev.  C.  A.  Johns,  to  be  Head  Master  of  Hels- 
ton  Grammar  School. 

Rev.  C.  F.  S.  Weidemann,  B.A.  to  be  Princi- 
pal of  the  Huddersfield  Collegiate  School. 


BIRTHS. 

March  18.    At  Kandy,  Ceylon,  the  wife  of 
the  Hon.  P.  Anstrnther,  Colonial  Sec.  a  dau. 

20-    At  Erie  Monnt,  Upper  Canada.  Mrs. 

Palrymple  Crawford,  a  son. 25.    At  Simla^ 

India,  the  wife  of  the  Hon.  John  Erskine,  a  son. 

April  7.    At  Gyah,  India,  the  wife  of  the 

Hon.  Edmund  Drummond,  a  dau. 22.  The 

lady  of  Henry  Wilson,  esq.  of  Stowlang^oft 
UaU,  Suffolk,  a  dau. 

May  13.    In  Curzon-st.  the  wife  of  Francis 

Hawkins,  M.D.  a  son. 15.    At  Dresden,  the 

lady  of  the  Hon.  James  Batten,  a  dau. 16* 

At  Batheaston,  the  wife  of  Capt.  S.  C.  Dacres, 

R.N.,  a  dau. At  Whitehall,  LAdy  Carring- 

ton,a  son. 16.  The  wife  of  Geo.  H.  Rogers 

Harrison,  esq.  of  the  Herald's  College,  a  dau. 

17.     In    New-st.    Spring-gardens,    Lady 

Mary  Hoare,  a  dau. 18.    Ai  Brighton,  the 

Lady  of  William   H.  Rynes.of  Rynes  Castle, 

CO.   Limerick,  esq.  a  son. 23.    At  Calais, 

the  wife  of  Edward  Fenton,  esq.  of  Brettenham 
Park,  Suffolk,  a  son  and  heir. ^At  Rocking- 
ham Castle,  Northampton,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Wat- 
son, a  son. 25  At  Bletsoe  rectory,  Bed- 
fordshire, the  wife  of  the  Rev.  J.  1.  Day, 

a  son 26.    At  Westwood.  near  Guildford, 

Surrey,  the  lady  of  Lannoy  Conssmaker,  esq. 

a  son. 27.    At  Clapham-common,  the  lady 

of  C.  E.  Trevelyan,  esq.  a  dau. At  Black- 

lieath.  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Arthur  Legge,  a  dau. 

28.    At  Dromore  glebe,  co.  Derry,  the  Hon. 

Mrs.  Pomeroy,  a  son. 28.    At  Down  Amp- 

ney,  co.  Gloucester,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Charles 
Taibot,R.N.  a  son. 30.  The  wife  of  Alexan- 
der Adair,  esq.  of  Heatherton  Park,  Somer- 
set, a  dau. In  Weymouth-st.  the  Hon. 

Mrs.  Penrose,  a  son  and  heir. ^At  King's 

Walden,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Philip  Savile,  a  son. 

Lately,    In  Upper  Grosvenor-st.  the  Hon. 

Mrs.  Edward  Gnmston,  a  dau. At  Kent 

House,  Knightsbridge,  the  Countess  of  Morley, 

ft  son  and  heir. In  Upper  Berkeley-st.  Lady 

I  aura   Money,   a  dau. In   Bryanston-sji. 

Viscountess  Hood,  a  son At  Salzburg,  in 

Upper  Austria,  Lady  Elizabeth  Osborn,  a  son. 

In  Upper  Brook-st.  Lady  Throckmorton,  a 

son. At  Antigua,  the  lady  of  the  Hon.  Sir  R. 

Horsford,  Solicitor-Gen.  of  that  island,  a  son. 
- — At  the  Vicarage,  East  Ham,  Essex,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  W.  Streatfeild,  a  son. —  At 

Rossall,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Beaumont,  a  son. 

At  Dresden,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  James  Butler,  a 

dau. At  Brighton,  Mrs.  Sloane  Stanley,  a 

dau. At  Cook's-ville,  near  Tenby,  the  wife 

of  Charles  C.  Wells,  esq.  a  son  and  heir. In 

Grosveoor-pl.  Lady-Mary  Phipps,  a  dau. 

In  Dover-st.  Lady  Harriet  Duncombe,  a  son 

and  heir. At  Boulogne,  Lady  Jenkins,  a  dau . 

' In  Ireland,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Lambart,  a  son. 

In  Eaton-sq.Lady  Mary  Christopher,  a  dau. 

In  Chesham-pl.  the  wife  of  J.  D.  Watts 

Russell,  esq.  M.P.  a«on. At  Chawton-house 

)lants^  the  wife  pf  Edward  Knight,  jiin,  esq.  a 


son. At  Wilton-cres.  the  lady  of  Thomas 

Milner  Gibson,  esq.  M.P.  a  dau. 
June  1.   At  Southampton,  the  Hon.  Mrs. 

Palmer  Morewood,  a  son  and  heir. 11.    At 

Dawlish,  the  wife  of  Capt.  William  Chambers, 
R  N.  a  dau. 12.  At  the  Maindee,  Mon- 
mouthshire, the  wife  of  Charles  Prothero,  esq. 

a  dau. At  Wenvoe  Castle,  Glamorganshire, 

the  lady  of  Robert  Francis  Jenner,  esq.  a  dau. 

In  Brook-st.  Grosvenor-so.  the   wife  of 

Sir  Geo.  Baker,  Bart,  a  son  ana  heir. 


MARRIAGES. 

Jan.  5.  At  New  Town,  Sidney,  William 
Hulme  Wills,  esq.  of  that  place,  son  of  the 
of  the  late  John  Wills,  esq.  of  Doctors'  Com- 
mons,  to  the  only  dau.  of  Capt.  Moore,  RN 

31.  In  the  Tarka,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  John 
O'Connor,  esq.  of  Her  Majesty's  Commis- 
sariat, to  Miss  Jannetta  Smith,  of  Hendon. 

March  21.  Allahaba(L  Lieut.  R.  F.  Fan- 
shawe,  18th  N.  1.  to  Maria-Catharine-Char- 
lotte, dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Hugh 
Wrottesley,  of  the  Bengal  Inf. 

23.  At  Futtyghur,  Major  Augustus  Abbott, 
C.B.  Bengal  Art.  Hon.  aid-de-camp  to  the 
Gov.-gen.  to  Sophia-Frances,  dau.  of  the  late 

Capt.  John  Garstin,  H.  M's  88th  Regt. 

The  Rev.  B.  Boake,  Principal  of  Columbo 
Academy,  Ceylon,  to  Mary-Katharine,  eldest 

dau.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Slade,  R.E. At  Bedford, 

Henry  Dyott  Boulton,  esq.  of  Great  ^)aks, 
Turvey,  Beds,  to  Anne-Susan,  eldest  dau.  of 
Joseph  Brown,  esq.  Mayor  of  Bedford. 

24.  At  Madras,  William  Charles  Rich,  esq. 
46th  N.  I.  son  of  the  late  L.  H.  Pye  Rich,  esq. 
of  Woolcombe  House,  Somerset,  to  Eliza- 
Scarlet,  dau.  of  Robert  Henry  Jackson,  esq. 
of  Swallowfield  Plain,  Somerset. 

25.  At  Barrackpore,  Lieut.  Monsey  Staples, 
68th  Bengal  Nat.  Inf.  second  son  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Staples,  of  Gowran,  Kilkenny,  to  Augusta, 
dau.  of  the  late  Col.  Faithful,  Bengal  Art. 

27.  At  Umballa,  Bengal,  Lieut.  T.  Folliott 
Powell,  esq.  of  Brandlesome  Hall,  Lancash. 
to  Henrietta-Charlotte-Elizabeth,  eldest  dau. 
of  Col.  Bolton,  C.B.  31st  Regt. 

28.  At  Meerut,  H.  M.  Omand.  esq.  Bengal 
Eng.  Private  Sec.  to  Right  Hon.  tne  Gov.  Gen. 
to  Anne,  dau.  of  Major-General  Sir  John 
M*Caskill,  K.CB. 

April  4.  At  Rajpore,  Capt.  Henry  T.  New- 
house,  nephew  of  the  late  Sir  Lionel  Smith, 
Bart.  K.Cf.B.  to  Matilda-Henrietta,  only  dau. 

of  Capt.  Turner. At    Mynpoorie,   Robert 

Unwin,  esq.  16th  Grenadiers,  to  Charlotte- 
Katherine,  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Arthur 

Shuldham,   Bengal  army. At  Malligaum, 

Bombay,  Charles  Edward  Eraser  Tytler,  esq. 
of  the  Civil  Service,  to  Etheldred,  dau.  of  John 
St.  Barbe,  esq.  of  Stoke  Newington,  Middx. 

8.  At  Calcutta.  Macleod  Wylie.  esq.  bar- 
rister-at-law,  to  Ann-Wilson,  only  dau.  of 
John  Howell,  esq.  of  Blackheath,  Kent. 

10.  At  Calcutta,  Ponsonby  Watts,  esq. 
27th  M.N.I,  son  of  the  late  Col.  Ponsonby 
WattSt  of  H.  M.'a  service,  to  Bessie,  dau.  of 
John  Briscoe,  M.D.  of  Waterford. 

11.  At  St.  Pancras,  Richard  Potter,  esq. 
M.A.  Fellow  of  Queen's  College,  Professor  of 
Mathematics  in  the  University  of  Cambr. 
Toronto,  to  Mary  Anne,  dau.  of  Edward  Pil- 
kington,  esq.  of  Urney,  King's  co. 

15.  At  Sheldon,  War^sn.  Wm.  Docker, 
esq.  of  Moor  Green,  to  Louisa,  youngest  dau. 
of  Samuel  Thornley,  esq.  of  Gilberstone  House, 
Worcestersh. 

20.  At  Clifton,  the  Rev.  W.  P.  Musgrave, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Eaton  Bishop,  Herefordsh.  to 
Penelope,  eldest  dau.  of  W.  Parry,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Grasmere,  Westmoreland. 

25.  At  Humberston,  Leicsh.  Roger  Dutton 
51ile8,  e9({.  eldest  8on  of  Thomas'  Miles,  est^. 


1848.] 


Marriages. 


8f 


of  Keyham,  to  Elizabeth-Mary-Ann,  dau.  of 
William  Tailby,  esq. 

May  I.  At  Stapleford,  John  Jackson  Blen- 
cowe,  esq.  of  Marston  St.  Lawrence,  to  Ce- 
cilia, eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Prowett, 

Rector  of  the  former  place. William  Edw. 

Swaine,  M,D.  Physician  Extr.  to  the  Duchess 
of  Kent,  to  Ernestiue-Aufftista,  third  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Schwahe,  of  Stamford-hill. 

2.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-S(i.  Sir  Tho- 
mas Moncrieffe,  Bart,  of  Moncrieffe  House, 
Perthshire,  to  the  l^dy  Louisa  Hay,  eldest 

dau.  of  the  Earl  and  Countess  of  Kinnoull. 

At  Ramsbury,  D.  Hale  Webb,  esq.  only  son  of 
D.  C.  Webb,  esq.  of  Heath  House,  Uxon,  to 
Isabel,  only  dau.  of  Thomas  Smith,  esq.  of 

Ramsbury  Manor, ^At   Cheltenham,  John 

Hen.Hay  Ruxton,  esq.  of  Broad  Oak,  Brench- 
ley,  Kent,  late  of  the  King's  Own  Regt.  to 
Isabel-Sarah,  ehtest  dau.  of  William  Hooper, 
esq.  of  Merton  House,  Ross,  Herefordsh.  and 
reUct  of  the  late  John  William  Fowler,  esq.  of 

Cheltenham. At  St.  George's  Hanover-sq. 

Edward  Legh  Page,  esq.  of  Her  Majesty's  Cus- 
toms, son  of  the  late  T.  L.  Page,  esq.  of  Haw- 
thorn Hall,  Cheshire,  to  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  the 
late  John  Crofts,  esq.  of  St.  Peter's,  L  T. 
Blagdon  Harral,  esq.  M.D.  eldest  son  of  Tho- 
maa  Harral,  esq.  formerly  of  Ipswich  and 
Bury  St.  Edmund's,  to  Caroline,  dau.  of  the 
late  Col.  Goddard  Richards,  of  Bath. 

3.  At  St.  George's,    Hanover-sq.  Edward 
lUarjoribanks,  esq.  jun.  to  Marion-Fenella,  only 

dau.  of  John  Loch,  esq. At  Alverstoke, 

Hants,  Benjamin  Browning,  esq.  M.D.  of  New- 
port, I.  W.  to  Eliza-Ann,  only  dau-  of  the 
late  Samuel  Triscott,  esq.  of  Stonehouse. 

4.  At  Melksham,  the  Rev.  Charles  F.  Baker, 
son  of  the  Rev.  C.  Baker,  Rector  of  Tellisford, 
Somerset,  to  Louisa- Dorothea,  second  dau. ;  at 
the  same  time,  William  Lye  Seagram,  esq.  only 
BOn  of  W.  F.  Seagram,  esq.  of  Warminster,  to 
Mary-Anne-Lstitia,  fourth  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Heathcote,  of  Shaw  Hill  House,  Wilts. 
— ^The  Rev.  Richard  Pryor,  of  Poole,  Dorset- 
shire, to  Miss  Pryor,  second  dau.  of  T.  T. 
Pryor,  esq.  Clay  Hall.  Herts. —  At  Woolwich, 
T.  H»  Warde,  esq.  of  Moreton  Morrell,  Warsh. 
Lieut*  llth  Hussars,  to  Mary- Louisa,  eldest 
child  of  Major  J.  R.  Croyton,  R.M. 

6.  At  St..  George's,  Hanover-sq.  Thomas 
Fanshaw,  eldest  son  of  H.  M.  Parratt,  esq.  of 
Effingham  House,  Surrey,  to  Theodosia,  eld- 
est dau.  of  J.  W.  Boughton  Leigh,  esq.  of 
Brownsover  Hall,  co.  of  Warwick,  and  Guils- 
tioroiigh,  Northamptonsh. 

8.  At  Clifton,  Charles,  second  son  of  the 
Bev.  John  Taddy,  M.A.  Rector  of  Northill, 
Beds,  to  Margaret,  second  dau.  of  the  late 
George  Barclay,  esq.  of  Barbadoes. 

9.  Bemamin  William,  youngest  son  of  the 
late  Rev.  Benjamin  Suckling,  Rector  of  Mat- 
laake  and  Plumstead,  to  Eliza,  eldest  dau.  of 
Capt.  John  Thornton,  of  Norwich. At  Ches- 
ter, Thomas  Dixon,  jun.  esq.  eldest  son  of 
Thomas  Dixun,  of  Littleton,  in  the  co.  of  Ches- 
ter, esq.  to  Ann-]Mary,  fourth  dau.  of  Henry 
Potts,  esq. 

10.  In  Dublin,  Joseph  T.  Preston,  esq.  of 
St.  Jobn-st.  second  son  of  H.  J.  Preston,  esq. 
of  Bloomabury-sq.  to  Jane,  second  dau.  of  John 

Classon,  esq.   of   Blackall-pl.   Dublin ^At 

Guisely>  Matthew  William  Thompson,  esq.  of 
Trinity  coll.  Camb.  eldest  son  of  M.  Thomp- 
son, esq.  of  Manningham  Lodge,  co.  of  York, 
to  Mary  Anne,  only  child  of  Benj.  Thompson, 
esq.  of  Park  Gate. 

11.  At  Bermuda,  Edmond  G.  Hallewell,  esq. 
lieot.  90th  Regt.  to  Sophia  Lonsdale,  third 
dan.  of  Lieiit.-Col.  Reid,  Gov.  of  Bermuda. 
—At  Gapel,  St.  Mary,  George  Pyke,  esq.  of 
linoolii'a-un-fields,  second  son  of  the  late 
Her,  George  P^ke,  formerly  of  Baythorne  park. 


Essex,  to  LaUra  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 

Robert   Barthop,   esq.    of  Hollesley. At 

Birr,  G.  B.  Sutherland,  esq.  Capt.  and  bre- 
vet Major  lOth  Foot,  to  Alice  Mary,  youngest 
dau.  of  John  Wetherell,  esq.  of  Birr,  Kin&:'» 

CO. At  Thorpe,  Essex,  the  Rev.  F.  Pynuor 

Lowe,  Rector  of  Saltfleetby  All  Saints',  Lin- 
colnsh.  to  Helen,  dau.  of  J.  Martin  Leake,  esq. 

of  Thorpe  Hail. At  Oxford,  George  Baker 

Ballachey,  esq.  of  Edgefield  Mount,  to  Maria, 
only  dau.  of  Sir  Joseph  Lock. 

13.  At  Brighton,  Alfred  Gell,  esq.  of  East- 
bourne, son  of  F.  H.  Gell,  esq.  of  Lewes,  to 
Charlotte-Elizabeth,  only  dau.  of  Thomas 
Freeman,  esq.  of  Brighton. 

15.  At  St.  John's,  Ilketshall,  Richard  Day 
French,  esq.  to  Harriet,  eldest  dau.  of  Pearse 
Walker,  esq.  of  Bungay  St.  Mary. 

16.  At  All  Souls,  Langham-pl.  the  Rev. 
William  Hunter  Ross,  Curate  of  All  Souls,  to 
Frances  Louisa,  dau.  of  the  late  H.  Peterson, 

esq.  of  Wakefield. ^At  Mitchel  Troy,  Mon- 

mouthsh.  the  Rev.T.  W.  Webb,  M.A.  only  son 
of  the  Rev.  John  Webb,  Rector  of  Tretire, 
Herefsh.  to  Henrietta-Montagu,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Arthur  Wyatt,  esq.  of  Troy  House. 
At  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields,  Alfred  Bald- 
win East,  esq.  second  son  of  the  Rev.  Timothy 
East,  of  Birmingham,  to  Caroiine-Jane, 
youngest  sister  of  James  Wyld,  esq.  of  Char- 
ing  Cross  West. At     Stapleton,   Edward 

Keller,  esq.  to  Maria  Grace,  second  dau.  of 
Dr.  Bompas,  of  Fishponds,  near  Bristol.—— 
At  Newick.  the  Rev.  Charles  Heathcote  Cam- 
pion, youngest  son  of  W.  J.  Campion,  esq.  of 
Danny,  Sussex,  |io  Cecil-Lydia,  youngest  dau. 

of  James  Slater,  esq.  of  Newick  Park. At 

Great  Malvern,  the  Rev.  William  Huntingdon 
Pillans,  Rectorof  Himley,  Staffordsh.  to  Louisa 
Jemima,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Card, 

Vicar   of  Great    Malvern. At   Cotesbach, 

Leic.  the  Rev.  Thomas  Stevens,  Rector  of 
Bradfield,  Berks,  to  Susanna,  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Robert  Marriott,  Rector  of  Cotesbach. 

At  St.  James's  Piccadilly,  Joseph  Ridg. 

way,  esq.  of  Wallsuches,  Lane,  to  Selina  Har- 
riet, youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  F.  H.  Doyle, 

Bart. At  St.  Martin's,  Mr.  Hugh  Williams^ 

brother  of  Sir  John  Kaye  Williams,  Bart, 
of  South  Wales,  to  Miss  Williams  Wynn,  only 
dau.  of  the  late  Baronet  of  that  name. 

17.  At  Lambeth,  Frederick  William  Grain- 
ger, youngest  son  of  John  Grainger,  esq. 
of  High  Ireby,  Cumberland,  to  Mary,  second 

dau.  of  the  late  R.  Castendieck,  esq. ^At 

Homsey,  Joseph,  eldest  son  of  Joseph  Oldham^ 
esq.  of  Stamford  Hill,  to  Ellen,  youngest  dau. 
of  Launcelot  Haslope,  esq.  of  Highbury  Lodge. 

At  Stamford,  the  Rev.  W.  H.  Charlton, 

M.A.  Rector  or  St.  George's  Stamford,  to 
Sarah,  eldest  dau.  of  T.  H.  Jackson,  esq.  Soli- 
citor, of  St.  Mary's. At  Kingswinford,  John 

Hopton,  esq.  late  Capt.  3d  Dragoon  Guards, 
eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  John  Hopton,  of  Canon 
Frome  Court,  Herefsh.  to  Maria,  eldest  dau 
of  Edward  Dixon,  esq.  of  Ashwood  House 
Staffordshire. 

18.  At  Cheltenham,  Capt.  Henry  Swan 
Waters,  Madras  Cav.  to  Georgiana-Phillipson,, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Fred.  Gardiner,  Rec- 
tor of  Coomb  Hay,  Som. At  St.  Pancras,  the 

Rev.  Joseph  Steavenson,  of  Shantock  Hall, 
Herts,  to  Mary  Matilda,  eldest  dau.  of  John 
Roumieu,  esq.  of  Regent-sq.  and  Lincoln's- 

inn. At  Eccles,  John  Smitn  Entwistle.  esq. 

of  Foxholes,  Lane,  to  Caroline,  second  dau.  of 
Robert  J.  J.  Norreys,  esq.  of  Davy  Hulme  Hall, 
in  the  same  county. 

20.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  Heniy 
Rental],  esq.  of  Beaufort-buildings,  to  Sarah- 
Ellen,  only  dau.  of  the  late  William  Harkness, 

esq. At  Dover,  Charles  Abraham,   eldest 

surviving  son  of  Samuel  Whittuck,  esq.  of 


88 


Marriage$. 


CJoly, 


Hanhtm  Hall,  Gloncesterab.  to  Georg^iana 
Katherine,  young:est  daa.  of  the  late  George 

Nevile.  esq.  of  Skelbrooke  Park,  Yorksh. 

At  Gibraltar,  the  Rev.  P.  P.  Smith,  of  H.  M. 
ship  Belvidera,  to  Mary  Jane  Norbrun,  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  John  Hallett,  esq.  R.N. 

23.  At  Stainton,  Line.  Lawson  Cape,  esq. 
M.D.  of  Bruok-st.  Hanover-sq.  to  Barbara, 

Soangest  dau.  of  Richard  Elmhirst,  esq.  of 
tainton  Hall. ^The  Baron  da  Torre  de  Mon- 

corvo,  to  Caroline  Willielmine,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Mr.  John  Christian  Jordan,  of  Co- 

Enhagen. At  the   Isle  of  Man,  Thomas 
irrett,  esq.  of  Corton-Denham,  Somerset,  to 
Louisa,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Thos.  Will- 

mott,  esq.  of  Sherborne,  Dorset. At  Clifton, 

Henry  C.  Hills,  esq.  of  Amlwich,  Anglesey,  to 
Charlotte  Augusta,  dau.  of  the  late  James 

Edwards,  esq.  of  Lyme  Regis  and  Bath. 

At  Abinger,  the  Hon.  P.  Campbell  Scarlett, 
third  son  of  Lord  Abinger,  to  Frances-Sophia- 
Mostyn,  second  dau.  of  Edmund  Loroax,  esq. 

of  Parkhurst,  Surrey. At  Islington,  Thos. 

Robt.  Rackstrow,  esq.  to  Sarah-Lucy  Cox,  step- 
dau.  of  J.  S.  Vandenbergh,  esq. 

24.  At  Bath,  Lieut.-Col.  James  Kitson,  late 
of  the  Madras  Army,  to  Catharine,  eldest  dau. 

of  the  late  Col.  Webb,  Bombay  Army. At 

Steeple  Langford,  Wilts,  the  Rev.  Peter  Black- 
burn,  to  Alicia,  dau.  of  the  late  H.  N.  Jarrett, 

esq.  of  Jamaica  and  Colchester. At  Eppen- 

dorf,  Michael  Henry  Schoiefield,  esq.  second 
son  of  the  Rev.  J.  Schoiefield,  B.D.  Rector  of 
Barton-on-the- Heath,  Warwsh.  to  Caroline- 
Johanna  eldest  dau.  of  John  Henry  Althainty, 
esq.  of  Hamburgh. 

25.  The  Rev.  Philip  Hale,  B.A.  Curate  of 
Thorpe-le-Soken,  Essex,  to  Mary,   youngest 

dau.  of  George  Blyth,  esq.  of  Chelsea. At 

St.  Mary»s,  Bryanstone-sq.  the  Rev.  John 
Thomhill.  Rector  of  Boxworth,  third  son  of 
George  Thomhill,  esa.  M.P.  for  Hunts,  to  Ca- 
therine, eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Wilkinson,  esq. 

of  Montague-sq. ^At  St.  Mary's,  Bryanston- 

sq.  Nathaniel  Surtees,  esq.  son  of  the  Rev. 
John  Surtees,  Canon  of  Bristol,  and  Rector  of 
Banham  and  Taverham,  Norfolk,  to  Miss  Bid- 
well,  only  child  of  Thomas  Bidwell,  esq.  of 

Gloucester  pi.  Portman-sq. ^At  St.  George's, 

Hanover- sq.  John  Henry  Cochrane,  esq.  of  the 
Madras  Civil  Service,  to  Thomazine  Marion, 
second  dan.  o(  the  late  Jonas  Morris,  esq.  of 
Dunkettle,  of  Cork. 

26.  At  Kenton,  Albert  Baker,  esq.  to  Maria- 
Welch,  fifth  dau.  of  Wm.  Colly ns,  esq.  of  Ken- 
ton. 

27.  At  Southampton.  Andrew  Saunders, 
esq.  of  Downes-house,  Eling,  Hants,  to  Maria, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Forrest,  of 
the  Hon.  E.  I.  Co*s  service.— At  St.  George's, 
Hanovei-sq.  R.  C-  Melhsh,  esq.  of  the  Foreign 
Ofllce,  to  Mary,  only  surviving  child  of  Lady 

Blunt  and  the  late  Richard  Ahmuty,  txia, 

At  Lambeth,  John  George  Lear,  esq.  of  Cey- 
lon, to  Sophia,  sixth  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas 
Morton,  esq.  surgeon  to  the  Forces. 

29.  At  St.  Marylebone,  William  John  Mur- 
ton.  esq.  second  son  of  Col.  Murton,  late 
R,  Mar.  to  Caroline,  eldest  dan.  of  Tipping 
T.  Rlgby,  esq.  of  Yately  Lodge,  Hants,  Re- 

oorder  or  Walungford. At  Louth,  Rev.  N. 

Morgan,  M.A.  Curate  of  Oanton,  Line,  eldest 

?on  of  the  Rev.  N.  Morgan,  Rector  of  Rearsbv, 
line,  to  Maria,  dau.  of  the  late  Isaac  Beea- 
htm,  esq.  Louth. 

8U.  At  St.  Peter's,  Colney,  Herts,  Capt. 
George  Templer,  Htm.  luf.  to  Harriet- Rose, 
third  dau.  of  Laurence  Gwynn,  LL.D.  of 
Telgnmouth. 

81.    At  Deptfbrd,  the  Rev.  Septimus  Pope, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Christen,  Somerset,  to  Elisa 
Uardcaatle.  omy  dau.  of  the  Hev.  H<  F.  Burder, 
D,l),  of  Hackney. 
11 


Lately.  'At  Winster,  Leicestersh.  Lieut. 
Henry  A.  Norman,  R.N.  sixth  son  of  Richard 
Norman,  esq.  and  Lady  Elizabeth  Norman,  to 
Helen,  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Carill  Worsley, 

esq.   of  Piatt   Hall,   Lane. At    Woolwich, 

Henry-Grout,  second  son  of  the  late  C  S. 
Stokes,  esq.  of  Beachly,  Gloucsh.  and  Streat- 
ham,  Surrey,  to  Harriet  M«ria  Sophia,  only 

dau.  of  Major  Wm.  Furneaux,  R.  Art. At 

St.  Bride's,  Fleet-st.  Robert  May,  esq.  of  St. 
Helier,  Jersey,  to  Augusta,  youngest  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Waite,  Rector  of  Great  Chart, 
Kent. At  Southampton,  Major-Gen.  Rich- 
ardson, of  Cowes,  to  Ann,  dau.  of  A.  Galway. 
esq.  of  Carrick-on-Suir,  Tipperary.- — At 
Hartshead,  Yorksh.  the  Rev.  C.  W.  Holbeck, 
Vicar  of  Farnborough,  Warwsh.  to  Laura  Har- 
riet, second  dau.  of  the  late  John  Armitage, 
esq.,  and  sister  of  Sir  Geo.  Armitsge,  Bart,  of 

Kirklees  Park,  Yorksh. At  Rushorooke,  H. 

Leheup  Cocksedge,  esq.  of  St.  Edmund's  Hill, 
to  Mary,  dau.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Rushbrooke, 
M.P. 

June  1.  At  Paddington,  John  [Guest,  esq. 
of  Birmingham,  to  Anney,  dau.  of  the  late 

Thomas  Clark,  esq.  of  Caterham,  Surrey. 

At  Lewisham,  Vincent  Nicholl,  esq.  of  Lewis- 
ham,  third  son  of  the  late  R.  Nicnoll,  esq.  of 
Greenhill  Grove,  Herts,  to  Louisa,  fourth  dau. 
of  John  Ruck,  esq.  of  St.  Dunstan-in-the-East. 
At  Clapham,  Niven  Kerr,  esq.  her  Majes- 
ty's Consul  for   Cyprus,    to    Louisa  Maria, 

second  dau.  of  the  late  Horatio  Ripley,  esq. 

At  St.  Mary's  Bryanstone-sq.  Henry  Street, 
esq.  to  Ruth  Mary,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Wil- 
liam Standway  Parkinson,  Capt.  of  the  R.N. 

ITie  Rev.  John  W.Spencer,  Incumbent  of 

Wilton,  near  Taunton,  to  Rosina,  only  dau.  of 

Joseph  Hitchcock,  esq.  of  Taunton. At  East 

Teignmouth,  Augustus  Maitland,  esq.  son  of 
Sir  A.  M.  Gibson,  Bart,  to  Elizabeth  Jane, 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Richards,  Rector  of  Stoke 
Abbas,  Dorset,  and  grand-dau.  of  Sir  John 

Strachan,  Bart. At  Dawlish,  the  Rev.  Cbs. 

Penrose,  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  Penrose,  Rector  of 
Langton,  Line,  to  Ellen  Caroline  Pender,  third 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  Chas.  Philtott,  of  the  Cleve- 
lands,  Dawlish,  and  Vicar  of  Frome  Selwood. 
— ~At  Exeter,  Parr  W.  Hockin,  esq.  of  the 
Bombay  Medical  Estab.  sixth  son  of  W.  L. 
Hockin,  esq.  solicitor,  Dartmouth,  to  Eliza, 
eldest  dau.  of  Edward  Woolmer,  esq^; — At 
Hackney,  Thomas  Langmore,  son  of  Thomas 
R.  Davison,  esq.  of  Clapton-sq  to  Emma  Ro- 
sina, dau.  of  the  late  Joseph  Echalaz,  esq.  of 

Clapton. At  St.  George's  Hanover-sq.  James 

Arthur  Taylor,  esq.  MJ*.  for  Worcestersh.  to 
Maria  Theresa,  second  dau.  of  George  Rush, 
esq.  of  Elsenham  Hall,  Essex,  and  Farthing- 
hoe  Lodge,  Northamptonsh.— At  Liverpool, 
the  Rev.  Henry  Almack,  B.D.  Rector  of  All 
Saints,  Southampton,  and  of  Aberdaron,  in 
Carnarvonsh.  to  Ann,  dau.  of  the  late  Wm. 
Corrie,  esq.  of  Liverpool,  and  grand-dau.  of 

the  late  Asnton  Byrom,  esq. ^At  Inverleith 

House.  Edinburgh,  Major  Jotin  Douglas,  eldest 
son  of  M{Oor-Gen.  Sir  Niel  Douglas.  K.CB. 
Commander  of  the  Forces  in  Scotland,  to  the 
Hon.  Elisabeth  Cathcart,  eldest  dau.  of  Lieut.- 

Oen.  Lord  Greenock. At  Claines,  Wore. 

Francis  Decimus  Hastings,  esq.  Capt.  RN. 
to  Mary  Wigley,  only  dau.  of  the  late  George 
Perrott,  esq.  of  Cracombe  House,  Wore. 

2.  At  Beverley,  Christopher  Robert,  second 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  Sir  Jonn  Lighton,  Bart,  to 
Mary  Anne  Elizabeth,  only  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Digbv  Joseph  Stopford  Ram,  of  Brook- 
ville,  CO.  of  Cork. 

S.  At  Enfield,  Henry-William-Routledge, 
second  son  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Walker,  C^. 
R.M.  to  Selina  Louisa,  fourth  dau.  of  John 
Christopher  Lochner,  esq. 


89 


OBITUARY. 


The  Dctke  of  Manchester. 

March  J8.  At  Rome,  in  bis  72d  yeftr, 
the  Most  Noble  William  MontHgu,  fifth 
Duke  of  Manchester  (1719),  eighth  Earl 
of  Manchester  (1626),  Viscount  Mande- 
Ville,  and  Baron  Montagu  of  Kimbolton 
(1620). 

His  Grace  was  born  Oct.  21,  1768,  the 
second  son  of  George  fourth  Duke  of 
Manchester,  by  Elizabeth,  eldest  daugh- 
ter  of  Sir  James  Dashwood,  Bart.  His 
elder  brother,  George  Viscount  Man- 
deville,  died  on  the  24th  Feb.  1772  :  and 
he  succeeded  his  father  in  the  dukedom, 
tvhilst  still  under  age,  on  the  2d  Sept. 
1788. 

In  his  youthful  years  he  was  princi- 
pally distinguished  as  a  first-rate  water- 
man on  the  Thames.  He  was  also  Co- 
lonel of  the  Huntingdonshire  militia, 
which  had  been  previously  commanded 
by  his  lather. 

His  Grace  was  appointed  Governor  of 
Jamaica  at  the  beginning  of  1F08,  and 
sailed  thither  in  the  Guerrier  frigate  on 
the  23d  of  January. 

Subsequently,  in  Aug.  1827  he  was  ap- 
pointed Postmaster- General.  He  was 
Lord  Lieutenant  and  Custos  Rotulonim 
of  Huntingdonshire  for  many  years,  but 
resigned,  in  consequence  of  his  indifier- 
«nt  health,  last  year,  when  the  Earl  of 
Sandwich  was  appointed  bis  successor. 
By  his  death,  a  pension  of  2,928/.  reverts 
to  the  Crown,  which  he  enjoyed  on  the 
abolishment  of  the  office  of  Collector  qi 
the  Customs.  He  was  a  staunch  Con- 
servative in  politics,  but  took  little  or  no 
part  in  public  afiTairs  for  many  years  past, 
and  has  for  the  last  three  years  been 
obliged  to  repair  to  Italy  for  the  winter, 
in  order  to  have  the  advantage  of  ft  milder 
cliiQate. 

His  Grace  married,  on  the  7th  Oct. 
1793  Lady  Susan  Gordon,  third  daughter 
of  Alexander  fourth  Duke  of  Gordon, 
and  by  that  lady,  who  died  on  the  26th 
Aug.  1828,  he  had  issue  two  sons  and 
six  daughters :  1 .  Lady  Jane,  who  died 
in  1815  in  her  19th  year ;  2.  Lady  Eli. 
zabetb,  married  in  1819  to  Colonel 
Thomas  Steele;  3.  the  Most  Hon. 
Susan  Marchioness  of  Tweeddale,  mar- 
ried in  1816  to  George,  present  and 
dghtb  Marquess  of  Tweeddale,  Gover- 
nor df  Madras,  and  has  a  very  numerous 
fiimily,  of  whom  two  are  the  Countess  of 
Dttlbooaie  and  the  Marchioness  of 
-Doufb ;  4.  the  Most  Noble  George  now 

Gbnt.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


Duke  of  Manchester ;  5.  Lord  Williani 
Francis  Montagu,  who  married  in  188d 
Emily  third  daughter  of  James  Dupr^^ 
esq. ;  6.  Lady  Georgiana-Frederica,  mar- 
ried in  1823  to  Evan  Baillie,  esq.;  7. 
Lady  Caroline- CHtharine,  married  i^ 
1828  to  John  Hales  Calcraft,  esq.  M.Pi 
for  Wareham  ;  and  8.  Lady  JSmily,  who 
died  in  1827  in  her  21st  year. 

The  present  Duke  is  a  Commandeir 
R.N.  and  was  M.P.  for  Huntingdonshire 
from  1826  to  1837.  He  was  born  ih 
1799,  and  married  in  1822  Millicent, 
daughter  and  heir  of  the  late  Genferal 
Robert  Bernard  Sparrow,  and  niece  to 
the  Earl  of  Gosford  ;  by  whom  he  had 
issue  William.  Drogo  now  Lord  Mande- 
ville,  two  other  sons,  and  one  daughter. 

The  Earl  of  Coventry. 
May  15.  At  Coventry  House,  Picca- 
dilly, aged  58,  the  Right  Hon.  Georgfe 
William  Coventry,  eighth  Earl  of  Coven* 
try,  CO.  Warwick,  and  Viscount  Deerhurst, 
CO.  Gloucester  (1697),  Lord  Lieutenant 
and  (yustos  Rotulorum  of  Worcestershire, 
and  High  Steward  of  Tewkesbury. 

His  Lordship  was  born  Oct.  16,  1784, 
the  eldest  son  of  George-William  the 
seventh  Earl,  by  his  second  wife  Peggy^ 
second  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Sir 
Abraham  Pitches,  Bart: 

When  Viscount  Deferhurst  his  Lord- 
ship was  a  candidate  for  the  representa- 
tion of  Worcester  at  the  general  election 
of  1812,  but  the  former  members  main- 
tained  their  seats,  the  poll  being 

Abraham  Roberts,  esq 1248 

Wm.  Duff  Gordon,  esq 939 

Lord  Deerhurst 855 

In  1818  he  was  returned  for  that  city, 
the  contest  terminating  as  follows : 

Lord  Deerhurst 1422 

T.  H.  H.  Davies,  esq 1024 

Sir  W.  D.  Gordon,  Bart 874 

In  1820  he  was  rechosen  without  a 
poll,  but  in  1826  he  retired  from  the  re- 
presentation. He  succeeded  his  father 
in  the  House  of  Peers  March  26,  1831. 
Before  the  Municipal  Reform  Act  his 
Lordship  was  Recorder  of  Worcester  ; 
and  he  was  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant 
and  Custos  Rotulorum  of  Worcestershire 
in  183  . 

His  Lordship  was  twice  married :  first, 
on  the  16th  Jan.  1808,  to  the  Hon. 
Emma  Susannah  Lygon,  second  daugbtier 
of  William  first  Earl  Beauchamp,  who 
died  Aug.  8,  1810,  leaving  issue  one 

N 


90 


Obituary. — The  Earl  of  Abergavenny, — Lord  Forbes,     [July, 


son,  George-William  Viscount  Deer- 
hurstf  who  died  in  1838,  having  married 
in  1836  Harriet- Anne,  datigbter  of  the 
late  Sir  Charles  Cockerell)  Bart,  and 
neiee  to  Lord  Nortbwick,  by  which  lady 
(since  deceased  in  1843)  he  left  issue  one 
daughter,  and  one  son  George  William 
born  in  1838,  who  has  now  succeeded  his 
grandfather  as  Earl  of  Coventry. 

The  late  Earl  married  secondly,  in 
Scotland,  June  22,  and  in  England,  Nov. 
6,  1811,  Lady  Mary  Beauclerk,  only 
daughter  of  Aubrey  6th  Duke  of  St. 
Al&n*s.  By  that  lady,  who  survives  him , 
he  had  issue  one  daughter  and  two  sons : 
Lady  Mary  Augusta,  married  in  1833  to 
the  Hon.  Henry  Fox,  younger  son  of  the 
late  Lord  Holland ;  a  son  who  died  an 
infant  in  1813 ;  and  the  Hon.  Henry 
Amelius  Coventry,  who  married  in  1837 
Caroline,  daughter  of  James  Dundas, 
esq.  and  neice  to  the  Earl  of  Camper, 
down,  by  whom  he  has  issue  a  daughter 
bom  in  1838. 

The  Will  of  the  late  Earl  is  dated  in 
1835,  with  a  codicil  annexed  in  1836. 
Lady  Augusta  Cotton,  lady  of  Major. 
Gen.  Sir  Willoughby  Cotton,  G.C.B.. 
and  Lady  Georgiana  Barnes,  sisters  of 
the  late  £ail,  have  legacies  of  20,000/., 
and  with  the  Hon.  Wm.  John  Coventry, 
who  is  left  the  same  sum,  are  appointed 
residuary  legatees.  The  Littleton  and 
Sandford  estates,  with  30,000/.  in  money, 
are  left  to  the  Messrs.  Williams.  His 
late  lordship's  executors  are  Sir  Anthony 
Lecbmere  and  the  late  J.  Crane,  Esq. 

The  Earl  of  Abergavenny. 

March  27.  At  Eridge  Castle,  Sussex, 
aged  88,  the  Bight  Hon.  Henry  Nevill, 
second  Earl  of  AbergaA-^enny,  Viscount 
Nevill  (1784,)  and  Baron  of  Aberga. 
venny  (1392)  and  K.  T. 

His  Lordship  was  born  in  the  parish 
of  St.  George's  Hanover-square,  Feb.  22, 
1755,  the  elder  son  of  George  the  first 
Earl,  by  Henrietta,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Pelham,  esq.  sister  to  Thomas  first  Earl 
of  Chichester,  and  widow  of  the  Hon. 
Richard  Temple,  third  son  of  Henry  first 
Viscount  Palmerston. 

At  the  general  election  of  1784  Vis- 
count Nevill  was  relumed  to  Parliament 
for  Seaford,  and  shortly  after  (having  va. 
cated  his  seat  by  accepting  the  Chiltern 
hundreds)  for  the  county  of  Monmouth, 
which  he  continued  to  represent  until,  on 
the  death  of  his  father  Sept.  10  in  the 
following  year,  he  succeeded  to  the 
peerage.  His  politics  were  Whig,  but  of 
late  years  he  had  never  mixed  in  public 
affairs,  and  indeed  had  lived  in  great  re- 
tirement. 

His   Lordship  was  Hecorder  of  ^ar. 


wich,  and  for  many  years  held  the  office 
of  Patent  Inspector  of  Prosecutions  at 
the  Custom  House,  for  the  loss  of  which 
office  he  enjoyed  a  pension  of  1 ,545/. 

The  Earl  married,  on  the  3dv  Oct. 
1781,  Mary,  only  child  and  heiress  of 
John  Robinson,  of  Sion  Hill,  Middlesex, 
esq.  for  many  years  Secretary  to  the 
Treasury.  By  this  lady,  who  was  buried 
at  Isleworth,  22nd  Oct.  1796,  he  had 
issue  Lady  Mary ;  Catharine,  married  in 
1802  to  Thomas  Myers,  esq.,  and  died 
in  1807 ;  Henry  George  Viscount  Nevill, 
who  died  unmarried,  1806  ;  Ralph  Vis. 
count  Nevill,  who  married  Mary  Anne 
daughter  of  Bruce  Elcock,  esq.  and  died 
without  issue  1826;  Lady  Henrietta,  who 
died  unmarried,  1827;  the  Rev.  John 
Nevill,  now  Earl  of  Abergavenny,  born 
1789, but  unmarried;  and  the  Hon.  Rev. 
William  Nevill,  Vicar  of  Frant  and  Bir. 
ling,  Kent,  married  7ih  Sept.  1824,  to 
Caroline,  daughter  of  the  late  Ralph 
Leeke,  of  Langford  Hall,  Salop,  esq.  by 
whom  he  has  several  children.  The  pre- 
sent Earl  is  unmarried. 

The  remains  of  the  late  Earl  were  de- 
posited on  the  4th  April  in  the  family 
vault, under  thechurch,at  East  Grinsteud, 
in  Sussex.  The  funeral  service  was  con- 
ducted by  the  Rev.  Robert  Gream,  Vicar 
of  Rotherfield,  and  domestic  chaplain  of 
the  deceased  ;  and  the  principal  mourn, 
ers  were  the  present  Earl,  the  Hon.  and 
Rev.  Wm.  Nevill,  Hon.  Reginald  Ne- 
vill, Sir  Anson  Burney,  Rev.  Robert 
Gream,  D.  Rowland,  esq.  Dr.  Thomp- 
son, J.  Hargraves,  esq.  and R. Gream,  esq. 

Lord  Forbes. 

May  4.  At  Bregeny,  on  the  Lake  of 
Constance,  aged  78,  the  Right  Hon. 
James  Ochancar  Forbes,  seventeenth 
Lord  Forbes,  and  Premier  Baron  of 
Scotland,  a  Representative  Peer  of  that 
kingdom,  a  Baronet  of  Nova  Scotia,  a 
General  in  the  army,  Colonel  of  the  21st 
Foot,  and  Knight  of  the  Sicilian  order  of 
St.  Januarius. 

He  was  born  on  the  7th  March,  1765, 
the  eldest  son  of  James  the  sixteenth 
Lord  Forbes,  by  Catharine,  only  daughter 
of  Sir  Robert  Innes,  Bart.  He  was  for 
twenty-six  years  an  officer  in  the  Cold- 
steam  regiment  of  foot  guards,  of  which 
he  had  an  ensigncy  1781 ,  and  a  lieutenancy 
1786.  In  April  1793,  when  senior  lieu- 
tenant,  he  joined  the  first  battalion  of  the 
regiment,  then  serving  under  the  Duke  of 
York  in  Flanders,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Famars,  the  storming  of  Valen- 
ciennes,  and  every  other  action  of  im- 
portance. After  the  action  of  Lincelles, 
in  August  in  the  some  year,  he  succeeded 
to  the    Captain. Lieutenancy,   with    the 


18430 


Obitvary j'^Lorif  Fitzgerald  and  Vesey. 


9i 


rank  of  Lieut. Colonel,  vacant  by  the 
fall  of  Lieut. -Col.  Bodville ;  and  in  October 
he  succeeded  to  a  company,  by  the  death 
of  Lieut.- Col.  £ld,  who  was  killed  at 
Dunkirk,  and  he  obtained  the  brevet  rank 
of  Colonel,  the  3rd  of  May,  1796.  In 
1799  Lord  Forbes,  then  commanding  the 
grenadier  company  of  the  Coldstream 
regiment,  accompanied  the  force  under 
Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  destined  to  at- 
tack the  Helder;  and  was  present  in 
every  action  but  one  which  took  place  in 
that  country  during  that  short  but  active 
campaign. 

The  29th  of  April,  1802,  Lord  Forbes 
received  the  rank  of  Major- General ;  and 
in  the  same  year  he  was  placed  on  the 
staff  in  command  of  the  troops  stationed 
at  Ashford,  in  Kent,  where  he  remained 
two  years,  and  was  then  removed  to  the 
more  important  charge  of  the  garrison  at 
Dover,  where  he  continued  three  years, 
occasionally  commanding  in  the  Kent 
district  in  the  absence  of  Sir  David  Dun- 
das  and  of  Lord  Ludlow. 

On  the  appointment  of  Sir  John 
Stuart  in  1808  to  be  Commander  of  the 
Forces  in  the  Mediterranean,  Lord 
Forbes  Avas  named  second  in  command 
of  that  army,  (then  consisting  of  17,000 
men,  which  was  afterwards  increased  to 
about  20,000,)  and  accordingly  proceeded 
ill  the  early  part  of  that  year  to  Sicily, 
where,  soon  after  his  arrival,  he  received 
the  rank  of  Lieut.- General  the  25th  of 
April,  1808. 

Lord  Forbes  remained  three  years  and 
a  half  in  that  country,  and  was  recalled 
home  (soon  after  the  discomfiture  of  the 
attempt  at  invasion  by  the  enemy  under 
General  Murat,)  in  consequence  of  the 
resignation  of  Sir  John  Stuart,  and  the 
appointment  of  Lord  William  Bentinck 
to  the  command  of  the  army  in  Sicily. 
On  his  return  to  England  Lofd  Forbes 
was  placed  on  the  staff  in  Ireland,  in 
command  of  the  Cork  district,  in  which 
he  remained  four  years,  and  was  then 
removed  to  Dublin  in  command  of  the 
eastern  district,  where  he  remained  three 
years,  and,  on  bis  promotion  to  the  rank 
of  General,  the  l:<^th  of  August,  1819, 
was  removed  from  the  staff  of  Ireland. 
His  Lordship  was  appointed  Colonel  of 
the  3rd  garrison  battalion  in  1806,  and 
was  removed  to  the  command  of  the  94th 
regiment  in  1808;  to  that  of  the  54<th 
regiment  in  Sept.  1809;  and  to  that  of 
his  last  regiment,  the  21st  or  Royal  Scots 
Fusileers,  in  June  1816. 

Lord  Forbes  succeeded  to  the  peerage 

on  the  death  of  bis  father,  July  29,  1804, 

and  was  elected  a  Representative  Peer  of 

Scotland. 

He  married  at  Crailing,  June  2,  1792, 


Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  and  hei^  of 
Walter  Hunter,  of  Polmond,  co;  P^eblei,' 
and  Crailing,  co.  Roxburgh,  esq.  by  Lady 
Caroline  Mackenzie,  fourth  daughter  Of 
George  Earl  of^  Cromarty,  and  by  that 
lady,  who  died  Oct.  1 1 ,  1830,  he  had  issue 
six  sons  and  six  daughters  :  1.  the  Hon; 
Caroline- Elizabeth,  married  in  1818  to 
George  Fairbolme,  esq. ;  2.  Lieut.^Col. 
the  Hon.  James  Forbes,  who  died  un« 
married  Feb.  25,  1835;  3.  the  Right 
Hon.  Walter,  now  Lord  Forbes ;  4.  the 
Hon.  Catharine,  who  died  in  1808,  in  her 
9th  year;  5.  the  Hon.  Charlotte- Elliza* 
beth,  married  in  1825  to  Sir  John  Forbes, 
Bart ;  6.  the  Hon.  Frederick  Forbes,  who 
died  in  1826,  aged  23;  7.  the  Hon.  WiK 
Ham.  who  died  an  infant  in  1805;  8.  the 
Hon.  John  Forbes,  a  Lieut,  in  the  29th 
Foot,  who  died  in  1835,  in  his  29th  year ; 

9.  the  Hon.  Robert  Forbes,  in  the  Hon. 
East  India  Company's  Civil  Service,  who 
married  in  1828  Frances- Dorothy,  second 
daughter  of  Thomas  Law  Hodges,  esq. 
M.P.   for   West  Kent,  and  has  issue; 

10.  the  Hon  Mary-Stuart,  married  in 
1839 to  Charles  Benjamin  Lee,  esq.;  11. 
the  Hon.  Elizabeth-Jane ;  and  12.  the 
Isabella- Drummond,  married  in  1839  to 
Baron  Ernest  de  Poelnitz,  of  the  court 
of  the  Duke  of  Saxe  Coburg  Gotha. 

The  present  Lord  Forbes  was  born  iu 
1798,  and  married  in  1825  Horatia; 
seventh  daughter  of  Sir  John  Gregory 
Shaw,  Bart,  by  the  Hon.  Theodosia 
Margaret  Monson,  and  has  issue  four 
sons  and  one  daughter. 

Lord  Fitzgerald  and  Vesey. 

May  11.  In  Belgrave-square,  the 
Right  Hon.  William  Vesey  Fitzgerald, 
Baron  Fitzgerald  and  Vesey,  of  Clare 
and  Incbicronan,  co.  Clare,  in  the  peerage 
of  Ireland,  Baron  Fitzgerald  of  Desmond 
and  Clangibbon,  co.  Cork,  in  the  peerage 
of  the  United  Kingdom ;  a  Privy  Coun- 
cillor, President  of  the  Board  of  Control, 
Lord  Lieutenant  and  Custos  Rotulorum 
of  the  county  of  Clare,  Colonel  of  the 
Clare  Militia,  a  Trustee  of  the  British 
Museum,  President  of  the  Institute  of 
Irish  Architects,  M.R.I  A.  and  F.S.A. 

His  lordship  was  the  eldest  son  of  the 
Right  Hon.  James  Fitzgerald,  Prime 
Serjeant  of  Ireland,  who  died  Jan.  30, 
1835.  aged  93  (and  of  whom  a  memoir 
will  be  found  in  our  vol.  HI.  p.  318^,  by 
the  Right  Hon.  Catharine  Lady  Fitz- 
gerald and  Vesey,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Henry  Vesy,  who  was  a  cousin  of  John 
first  Lord  Knapton,  the  grandfather  of 
the  present  Viscount  de  Vesci  (they  both 
being  grandsons  of  the  Most  He  v.  Jdhh^ 
Vesey,  Lord  Archbishop  6f  Tuam,  who" 
died  in  1716).    He  entered  the  pubUe  ser* 


92 


OBnvA.nY.—rHon.  William  Howard. 


CJfl»y> 


vice  io  1809  as  a  Lord  of  the  Treasury 
and  Privy  Councillor  in  Ireland ;  was  in 
1819  appointed  a  Lord  of  the  Treasury  in 
Oreat  Britain,  a  Privy  Councillor  of  the 
United  Kingdom,  and  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer,  and  First  Lord  of  the  Trea- 
sury in  Ireland.  In  1820  he  went  to 
Sweden  as  Envoy  Extraordinary  and 
Minister  Plenipotentiary.  In  the  same 
y^ar  and  in  1826  he  represented  the  county 
of  Clare  in  the  House  of  Commons  ;  he 
was  elected  for  Lostwithiel  in  1B30,  and 
for  Ennis  in  1831.  He  was  Paymaster 
General  of  the  Forces  from  1826  to  1828, 
in  which  year  he  was  appointed  President 
of  the  Board  of  Trade,  and  Treasurer  of 
the  Navy,  which  offices  he  held  until  1830. 

He  assumed  the  additional  name  of 
Vesey  before  Fitzgerald  by  royal  sign 
manual,  March  16,  1815.  He  succeeded 
to  the  Irish  peerage  on  the  death  of  his 
mother,  Jan.  3,  1832,  and  received  his 
peerage  of  the  United  Kingdom  by  patent 
dfited  Jan.  1835. 

On  the  appointment  by  Sir  Robert 
Peel  of  Lord  EUenborough  to  the  Go- 
vernor-Generalship of  India,  Lord  Fitz- 
ferald  succeeded  as  President  of  the 
Soard  of  Control. 

Lord  Fitzgerald  was  unmarried.  The 
Hon.'  and  Very  Rev.  Henry  Vesey  Fitz- 

ferald,  LL.D.  the  Dean  of  Kilmore,  his 
jordship*s  only  brother,  has  succeeded  to 
the  Irish  peerage.  The  late  Lord  has  left 
his  small  estate  near  Limerick,  of  200/.  a 
year,  to  his  brother  ;  the  rents  of  his  es- 
tates in  Clare  and  Galway  to  accumulate 
until  the  death  of  the  present  Lord,  to 
whose  heir,  when  he  attains  the  age  of 
21  y  he  bequeaths  the  said  accumulated 
sum  and  estates  ;  but,  in  failure  of  male 
issue,  the  money  and  estates  descend  to 
t(ie  eldest  sons  of  his  sisters,  the  widows 
of  Sir  Ross  Mahon  and  Baron  Foster, 
t^e  former  the  Galway,  and  the  latter  the 
Clare  estate.  His  Lordship's  personal 
property,  exceeding  150,000/.  he  leaves 
tb  nis  two  illegitimate  children,  one  of 
^hom  is  married  to  an  eminent  physician 
in  London.  He  also  bequeaths  5000/.  to 
Mrs.  Baron  Foster.  The  principal  exe- 
cutor is  his  late  private  secretary,  son  of 
Mr.  Cane,  of  Dawson-street,  Dublin. 

The  present  Lord  is  a  widower,  his 
wife,  Elizabeth,  youngest  daughter  and 
co-heir  of  the  late  Staiidish  Grady,  esq. 
having  died  in  1834,  leaving  only  daughters, 
^ord  Fitzgerald  was  a  man  of  accom- 
plished  understanding,  graceful  in  manners, 
aYid  intelligent  in  office.  He  has,  how. 
ever,  been  for  many  years  an  invalid,  and 
his  delicate  health  probably  prevented 
him  from  making  any  striking  efforts  in 
Parliament.    Yet  he  was  a  very  interest- 


ing speaker  upon  occasions ;  less  forcible 
than  finished,  and  less  declamatory  thaii 
pointed. 

On  the  20th  of  May  his  mortal  remains 
were  conveyed  from  Belgrave -square, 
for  interment  in  the  catacombs  of  the 
cemetery  at  Kensal-green.  In  the  first 
mourning  coach  were  Lord  Fitzgerald  as 
chief  mourner;  Sir  James  Mahon,  Bart. 
Rev.  M.  Mahon,  and  Mr.  James  Foster; 
in  the  second, — Mr.  John  Mahon,  Sir 
Lucius  0*Brien,  Mr.  Edward  Foster, 
and  Mr.  Wm.  Fitzgerald ;  in  the  third, — 
the  Earl  of  Beverley,  Earl  of  Clare,  Right 
Hon.  George  Dawson,  and  Dr.  Seymour ; 
in  the  fourth, — Mr.  J.  L.  Bicknell,  Mr. 
E.  Cane  (executors  of  the  deceased^. 
Right  Hon.  Emerson  Tennent,  M.r. 
and  Mr.  T.  Waterford;  in  the  fifth, —Mr. 
Doherty  andMr.  E.  Fitzgerald ;  and, in  the 
sixth, — the  principal  domestics  of  the  late 
lord.  The  rear  of  the  mournful  proces- 
sion was  closed  by  the  private  carriages  of 
his  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Cam- 
bridge, the  Duke  of  Wellington,  Duke 
of  Buccleuch,  Marquess  of  Ely,  Marquess 
of  Thomond,  Marchioness  of  Westmeath, 
Earl  of  Ripon,  Earl  of  Haddington,  Earl 
of  Clare,  Earl  of  Beverley,  Viscount 
Beresford,  Viscount  Mahon,  Lord  Car- 
bery.  Lord  Ernest  Bruce,  Viscountess 
Dillon,  Lady  Monck,  Mr.  Baring,  Hon. 
Colonel  Dawson  Darner,  Right  Hon. 
George  Dawson,  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Sir 
Edward  Knatchbull,  Mr.  Beresford  Hope, 
Mrs.  Cuff,  Mr.  J.  Cotton,  &c.  On  the 
arrival  of  the  solemn  cavalcade  at  the 
cemetery,  it  was  met  by  Sir  Robert  Peel 
and  several  other  members  of  the  Ca- 
binet, who  had  previously  arrived  to  per- 
sonally offer  the  last  mark  of  respect  to 
the  memory  of  their  departed  friend  and 
colleague. 

Hon.  William  Howaed. 

Jan.  25.  Aged  62,  the  Hon.  William 
Howard,  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Carlisle, 
the  Duchess  of  Rutland,  the  dowager 
Lady  Cawdor,  &c. 

He  was  born  on  Christmas-day  1781, 
the  second  son  of  Frederick  the  $fth  Earl 
of  Carlisle,  by  Lady  Margaret- Caroline 
Leveson-Gower,  second  daughter  of 
Granville  first  Marquess  of  Stafford. 

He  was  returned  to  Parliament  for  the 
borough  of  Morpeth  at  the  elections  of 
1830  and  1831 ;  and  in  1837  he  was  re- 
turned as  member  for  Sutherlandshire, 
but  retired  in  March  1840. 

Mr.  Howard  is  stated  in  the  Morning 
Herald  of  the  10th  Feb.  to  have  left  a 
widow,  whose  name  is  not  mentioned  in 
the  Peerages. 


18430        'SiV  G.  0.  P.  Turner.  Bart.— Sir  J.  Cogkill,  B«rt. 


99 


Sui  GaEaoAY  O.  Page  TuaNEB,  Bart. 

March  6.  At  his  residence  in  Glou- 
cester-place, Marylebone,  Sir  Gregory 
Osborne  Page- Turner,  the  fourth  Bart. 
(1733)  of  Battlesden  Park,  Bedfordshire, 
and  Ainbrosden,  Oxfordshire. 

He  was  born  Sept.  28, 1785,  in  Port- 
land-place,  Middlesex,  the  eldest  son  of 
Sir  Gregory  Turner,  who  assumed  the 
name  of  Page,  and  was  M.P.  for  Thirsk 
(the  grandson  of  Sir  Edward,  the  first 
Baronet,  by  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Gregory 
Page,  of  Blackheath),  oy  Frances,  daugh- 
ter of  Joseph  Howell,  esq.  of  Elm,  in 
Norfolk. 

At  the  death  of  his  father  in  1805  he 
succeeded  to  landed  property  estimated 
at  24,000/.  per  ann.  and  funded  property 
amounting  to  310,000/.  (see  the  father's 
will  in  Gent.  Mag.  March  1805,  p.  278). 
Old  Sir  Gregory  had  hoarded  16,700 
guineas,  which  were  found  in  his  secre- 
taire, and  he  had  destroyed  the  magnifi- 
cent family  mansions  at  Ambrosden  and 
Blackheath.  The  late  Sir  Gregory  was 
educated  first  at  a  school  at  Greenford  in 
Middlesex,  kept  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hooker 
and  the  Rev.  M.  Dodd  successively,  and 
afterwards  under  the  tuition  of  the  Rev. 
John  Smith,  at  Eaton  Bray,  co.  Bedford. 
From  the  latter  place  he  was  removed  to 
Harrow,  and  subsequently  to  the  Rev. 
W.  Haggitt's  at  Byfleet,  in  Surrey.  In 
Oct.  lS)5  he  was  entered  of  Brasenose 
college,  Oxford,  where  he  took  the  de- 
gree of  M.A.  June  14,  1809,  and  that  of 
D.C.L.  Jan.  17,  1818.  in  ISlOhe served 
the  office  of  sheriff  for  the  county  of 
Bedford. 

Sir  Gregory  Page- Turner  was  a  general 
collector  of  pictures  and  curiosities,  and 
employed  artists  to  make  drawings  and 
collect  materials  illustrative  of  the  history 
of  Bedfordshire,  Oxfordshire,  &c.  These 
were  dispersed  by  auction  at  Christie's, 
when  he  became  weak  in  mind  some  years 
since.  He  patronized  the  publication  of 
Mr.  John  iJunkin's  History  and  Anti- 
quities of  the  Hundreds  of  Bullington 
and  Ploughley  in  Oxfordshire,  in  two 
vols.  4to.  1823,  a  very  excellent  work,  of 
which  100  copies  only  were  printed,  and 
but  seventy  ot  them  fur  sale. 

In  1820  Sir  Gregory  published  some 
topographical  memorandums  of  the  county 
of  Oxford  in  a  thin  octavo  volume,  and 
about  the  same  time  was  a  frequent  cor- 
respondent to  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 

On  the  19th  December,  1823,  an  in- 
Quisition  of  lunacy  was  issued  against  Sir 
Gregory,  which  be  traversed  at  Bedford 
in  Oct.  1824<,  when  it  was  thought  by 
many  present  that  he  exhibited  in  open 
court  every  mark  of  sanity,  insomuch  that 
lif,  St9d^|  the  couaselwho  ojpposedth^ 


traverse,  admitted  that  he  did  not  oppose 
the  gentleman  who  appeared  before  the 
court,  but  the  Sir  Gregory  Page- Turner 
against  whom  the  commission  was  issued 
in  December  1823.  The  commission  of 
lunacy  was  superseded  in  1840,  and,  feeling 
extremely  anxious  to  do  justice  towards 
his  creditors,  he  by  will  directed  that  eack 
should  be  paid  twenty  years'  interest  on 
the  sums  remaining  due  to  them. 

Sir  Gregory  Page- Turner  married, 
April  28,  1818,  Helen  Elizabeth,  only 
daughter  of  John  VVolsey  Bayfield,  capt. 
in  the  1st  Surrey  Militia.  By  that  lady, 
who  survives  him,  he  bad  issue  a  son  Gre« 
gory- Osborne,  who  died  an  infant  in  1823. 
and  a  daughter,  Helen  Elizabeth,  married 
in  1838  to  the  Rev.  Charles  Fryer,  M.A. 

His  remains  were  interred  on  the  15th 
March  in  the  family  vault  at  Bicester, 
attended  by  his  brother  and  successor, 
Sir  Edward  George  Thomas  Page-Turner, 
as  chief  mourner. 


R£Aa-ADM.  Sia  JosiAH  Coghill,  BAax. 
April, . .  In  his  74th  year,  Rear- 
Adm.  Sir  Josiah  CoghiU  Coghill,  the 
third  Bart,  of  Coghill  Hall,  co.  York 
(1778). 

He  was  the  younger  son  of  Sir  John 
the  first  Baronet  by  Maria,  daughter  of 
the  Most  Rev.  Josiah  Hart,  D.D.  Lord 
Archbishop  of  Tuam.  He  retained  his 
paternal  name  of  Cramer  (that  of  Coghill 
having  been  assumed  by  his  father)  until 
the  7th  June  1817,  when,  having  sue. 
ceeded  to  the  baronetcy  on  the  death  of 
his  elder  brother  on  the  21st  of  the  pre- 
ceding month,  he  took  the  name  of  Cog- 
hill only,  by  royal  sign  manual. 

He  obtained  post  rank  Feb.  I,  1806, 
and  in  that  year  commanded  the  Concord 
frigate,  on  the  East  India  station,  from 
whence  he  returned  lo  England  in  the 
autumn  of  1807.  During  the  Walcheren 
expedition  he  commanded  the  Diana  fri- 
gate, and  was  highly  spoken  of  by  Sir 
Richard  J.  Strachan  m  his  despatches  re- 
porting the  operations  of  the  flc^t  under 
his  orders.  He  attained  the  rank  of  Rear- 
Admiral  Nov.  23,  1841. 

Sir  Josiah  married,  first  in  1812,  Miss 
Dobson,  by  whom  he  hud  issue  a  daugh- 
ter ;  and  secondly,  Jan.  27,  1819,  Anna 
Maria,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Rt.  Hon. 
Charles  Kendal  Bushe,  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Queen's  Bench  in  Irel  nd,  by  whom 
he  had  issue  a  daughter  born  in  Dec. 
1819;  Sir  John  Jocelyn  Coghill,  born  in 
1820,  who  has  succeeded  to  the  title;  and 
Kendal  Josiah  William,  born  in  1832. 

Sir  Francis  Sykes,  Bart. 
April  6.     At  Lennox  Lodge,  Hayling 
Island,  fi^ed  ^2,  3ir  Francis  Sykes,  (ht 


9  4    Sir  P.  Payne,  Bart-^Sir  JR.  JP',  Vaughan,  Bart^Gen.  Kerr.  [July, 

third  Bart,  of  Basildon,  Berks.  (1781),  became  a  widower  in   1840;   2.  Robert 

M.A.  Henley:  and  3,  the  Rev.  Peter- Samuel 

He  was  the  elder  son  of  Sir  Francis  Henry  Payne,  M.A.   Fellow  of  Bnlliol 

William  Sykes  the  second  Baronet,   by  college,  Oxford,  who  died  June  30,  1841 : 

Anne,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Major  and  four  daughters  :  1.  Maria-Mary,  mar- 

Henniker,  and  niece  to  John  second  Lord  ried  to  Joseph  Webster,  esq.  of  Perms,  in 

Benniker.     He  succeeded  when  a  child  Warwickshire  ;  2.  Laura- Janet ;  3.  Eliza- 

to  the  title,  on  the  death  of  his  father,  beth,  married  to  Charles  Harnett,  esq.  of 

March  7,  1804.      He  was  a  member  of  Stratton    Park,    Bedfordshire;    and    4. 

St.  John's  college,  Cambridge,  where  he  Isabella- Emma. 

received  the  honorary  degree  of  M.A.  in  

1819.  Sir  Rob.  Williames  Vaughan,  Bart. 

He  married  in   1821  Henrietta,  eldest  Jp^ril  22.     At  Nannau,  near  Dolgelly, 

daughter  of  H.  Villebois,  esq.,  by  whom  aged  75,  Sir  Robert  Williames  Vaughan, 

he  has  left  issue  a  son  and  heir,  born  in  the  second  BarLof  Nannau  and  Hengwrst, 

1822,  another  son  born  in  1826,  and  a  co.  Merioneth  (1791),  for  44  years  M.P. 

daughter  born  in  1830.  for  that  county. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Robert 

Sir  Peter  Payne,  Babt.  Howell   Vaughan   the  first  Baronet,  by 

Jan.  93,     At   Blunham  House,  Bed-  Anne  daughter  of  Edward  Williames,  of 

fordshire,  in  his  82nd  year.    Sir   Peter  YstymcoUwyn,  esq.,   and  succeeded  his 

Payne,   Bart,    formerly    M.P.   for  that  father  in   the   title  in    1796.      He    had 

county.  previously  been  returned  to  Parliament, 

Sir  Charles  Payne,  of  St.  Christopher's,  in  1792,  for  the  county  of  Merioneth, 

was  created  a  Baronet  in  1737;  and  his  which  he  continued  to  represent,  in  ten 

son.  Sir  Gillies,  the  second  Baronet,  died  successive   Parliaments,   until    the  year 

1801,  when,  says  Courthope  in  his  Ex-  1830. 

tinct  Baronetage,  1835,  *'  the  title  be-  He  married  in  Sept.  1801,  Anna- 
came  extinct.  After  a  lapse  of  27  years  Maria,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Mostyn, 
the  title  was  assumed  by  Peter  Payne,  Bart.,  and  sister  and  coheiress  to  Sir 
esq.  claiming  to  be  a  legitimate  son  of  Thomas  Mostyn,  of  Mostyn,  co.  Flint, 
the  last  Baronet."  Burke,  in  Peerage  Bart,  by  whom  he  had  issue  Sir  Robert- 
and  Baronetage,  states  that  Sir  Peter  Williames  Vaughan,  his  successor,  bom 
"  succeeded  to  the  title  in  1828,  in  con-  in  1803,  and  other  children, 
sequence  of  a  decree  of  the  Court  of  The  present  Baronet  married  in  1835 
Chancery,  confirming  a  report,  finding  the  eldest  daughter  of  Edward  Lloyd, 
him  the  eldest  son  born  in  wedlock  of  his  esq.  of  Rhagntt. 

late  father  Sir  Gillies  Payne,  of  Temps-  

ford,  in  Bedfordshire.*'    This  was  in  the  General  J.  M.  Keru. 

cause  Glascott  v.  Bridges.  j^pril  1.     At  Maesmor  heath,  Wales, 

Sir    Peter    Payne    was    the    intimate  aged  74,  General  John  Manners  Kerr, 

friend  of  Dr.  Parr  and  Major  Cartwright,  General  Kerr  was  appointed  Ensign  in 

and  became    bail    for  the  latter    when  the  111th  foot  the  21st  Feb.  1785,  which 

charged  with  sedition.  he  joined  at  Gibraltar,  and  there  remained 

At   the  period  of  the  Reform  enthu-  till  the  24th  Sept.  1787,  when  he  was 

siasm  in  1831  he  became  a  Whig  candi-  promoted  to  a  Lieutenancy  in  the  4th 

date  for  the  county  of  Bedford,  and  sue-  battalion  60th  foot;  and  the  10th   Nov. 

ceeded   in   ousting  the  former  member  1790,  to  a  company.     He  served  with 

Mr.  Stuart,  the  numbers  being,  for  his  regiment  in  Barbadoes  until  the  com-^ 

Marquis  of  Tavistock    1 145  mencement  of  the  war  in  1793,  when  be 

Sir  Peter  Payne 1873  proceeded  with  it  to  the  attack  of  Tobago. 

William  Stuart,  esq 690  He  remained  there  in  garrison,  with  the 

but  in  1832  he  was  defeated  in  turn,  the  exception  of  a  short  time  at  St.  Vincent's, 

result  of  the  poll  being,  until  appointed  Major  the  29ch   June, 

Lord  C.  J.  F.  Russell 1937  1794.     He  continued  in  the  West  Indies 

William  Stuart,  esq 137J  until  May  1795,   having  on  the  25th  Oct. 

Sir  Peter  Payne 1675  1794 received therankof  Lieut. -Colonel in 

Sir  Peter    Payne    married,    in    1789,  thearmy, with  the appointmentof  Colonel. 

Elizabeth- Sarah,  only  daughter  of  Samuel  Commandant  of  the  Northampton  Fenci- 

Steward,   esq.   by  whom    he  had   issue  bles.     In  March  1798  he  exchanged  into 

three  sons:  1.  Charies  Gillies,  who  sue  the  62nd  foot,  the  1st  Jan.  1801  was  ap- 

ceeds;  he  married  Mary,  eldest  daugh-  pointedColonel  in  the  army,  and  Brigadier- 

ter  of  the  late   Rev.    Thelwall    Salus-  General  in  the  West  Indies  the  5th  Feb. 

bury,  Rector  of   Graveley,    Herts,  and  following.     He  commanded  the  Islands 

fiie^e  of  Sir  Robert  Salusbury,  Bart,  and  of  Grenada^  Dominica,  Barbadoes,  and 


1843.]       Capt.  Pemberton.'-^C.  F.  Palmer. — R,  L,  Gwatkin.              96 

St.  Vincent's,  until  June  1804,  when  he  Again  in  1820— 

returned   to   England  on   account  of  ill  john  Berkeley  Monck,  esq.    .     418 

Jiealth.  O.  F.  Palmer,  esq 399 

In  September  of  the  latter  year  he  was  john  Weyland,  esq 39* 

placed  on  the  staff  of  the  North   We^st  j^      ^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^^^^^^^  ^„  ^^e  poll, 

District,  and  had  the  command  of  the  ▼    r»    li/i                                         toA 

Tolunteer  force    of  Manchester  and  its  J-  ^.  Monck,  esq 380 

neighbourhood ;   he  continued  there  till  ^-  ^P^"^^'  ®^^ Jcl 

June  1806,  and  in  July  was  appointed  to  i:'; '' '  ?  „?!  V^.H ^55 

the  staff  in   Ireland.     The  25ih  April,  Edward  Wakefield,  esq.      .     .    336 

1808,  he  received  the  rank   of  Major-,  but  on  a  petition  be  recovered  the  seat 

General,  and  on  the  26th  Sept.  of  that  from  Mr.  Speiice. 

year  he  was  removed  from  the  Irish  staff  In  1830  he  stood  another  contest  with 

to  that  of  Colchester  and  Woodbridge  ;  success,  being  placed  at  the  head  of  the 

and  in   June  1809  to  the  Sussex  district,  poll : 

The  25th  of  June,  1810,  he  was  appointed  C.  P\  Palmer,  esq 522 

Colonel  of  the  late  5th  Royal   Veteran  Charles  Russeil,  esq.'     *.     .     .    471 

battalion.       He    attained    the  rank    of  j),.^  Lushington 452 

Lieut.- General   in    1813,    and    that    of  ,    '                 ,        '     *,              ' 

General  in  1830.  .1"   1831   and   1832   he   was  returned 

without  opposition  (with  Mr.   Russell); 

Capt.  H.  C.  Pemberton,  R.N.  }>^t  in  1835  he  declined  the  conflict,  when 

April  28.     At  Brompton,    aged  51,  ^»s   seat  was  successfully  contested   ori 

Henry    Charles    Pemberton,  esq.    Com-  ^^e  part  of  Mr.  Seipeant  Tallourd.     In 

mander  R  N  1^^'^  ^^  ^^™®  ^8*^"  *"^°  Parliament,  the 

He  was'son  of  Dr.  Christopher  Robert  Whigs  obtaining  both  seats,  with  the  foU 

Pemberton,    Physician    extraordinary   to  lowing  poll : 

King   George  IV.     He  served  as  mid-  Thos.  N.  Talfourd,  esq.    .     .     468 

shipman   in  the  Pomone  frigate,    Capt.  Chas.  F.  Palmer,  esq.  .     .     .     457 

Robert  Barrie  ;  and  was  appointed  acting  Charles  Russell,  esq.     .     .     .     448 

Lieutenant  of  the  Hibernia  120,  bearing  j^^  ^g^^  ^^^  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^  reversed,  and 

the  flag  of  Sir  W    Sidney  Smith   on    he  y^^^^  ^^^^^  ^,^^^  obtained   by  the  Tories, 

Mediterranean  station     Oct    26,    1812.  ^^^  ^^   p,^,^^^  ^i^  ^^^  t,,/„  take  part  in 

His  first  commission  bore  date  Jan.  2o,  ^i     contest 

1813;  and  in  Aug  following  he  joined  ^^  p^;^^^  ^^^^^^  ^^^  25^  ^^^^ 
the  Glasgow  frigate,  Capt.  the  Hon.  Lajy  Madelina,  widow  of  Sir  Robert  Sin- 
Henry  Duncan,  in  which  ship  he  con-  clair,  Bart. of  Stevenston.co.  Haddington, 
tinued  until  she  was  paid  off.  Sept  1.  j„other  of  the  present  Sir  John  Gordon 
1815  He  was  third  Lieutenant  of  the  j  j^j  Bart.  Capt.  R.N.  second  daugh- 
Minden  74   Capt.   W     Paterson   at  the  ter  of  Alexander  fburth  Duke  of  Gordon, 

^""^^iV-^  1^^'^''»  ^^^^'y^^^>  ^\P'°-  and   sister  to  the  Duchess  dowager  of 

ceeded  in  the  same  ship  (destined  to  re-  Richmond,  the  late  Duchess  of  Manches- 

ceive  the  flag  of  Sir  Richard  King)  to  the  j^^  Marchioness  dowager  Cornwallis, 

East  Indies ;  and  from    hence  re  urned  ^„  j  ^y^^  j^^.^ess  dowager  of  Bedlord. 

home,  actmg  Captain  of  the  Melville  74, ^ 

in  Dec.  1817.     He  obtained  the  rank  of  ^^^^^^.^  j^^^^^^  Gwatkin,  Esq. 

Commander,  Jan.  20,  1818.  ^     .^  27      I„  ^jg  37^^             j^^ert 

He  married,  Aug  31,  1822,  Caroline-  ^^/^^^  Gwatkin,  esq.  M.A. 
Ann.  Augusta,  daughter  of  the  late  Capt.  ^^  ^^.^^  educated  at  St.  John's  college, 
Nixon,  a  veteran  army  ofiicer.  Cambridge,  where  he  resided  as  a  FellSw 
^    ^           o              ^  Commoner,    and    was    classed  as   13th 
C.  b  YSH£  Palmer,  Esq.  Wrangler  in  the  examination  for  the  de- 
Jan.  24.      At  Luckley  House,  Wok-  gree  of  B.A.  in  the  year  1778.     He  was 
ingham,    Charles    Fyshe    Palmer,   esq.  shortly  afterwards  complimented  with  the 
formerly  M. P.  for  Reading.  honorary  degree  of  M.A.  upon  the  re. 
The  ancestors  of  Mr.  Palmer  had  been  commendation  of  his  college.    Whilst  at 
seated  at  Wokingham  for  a  considerable  the  university  he  was  on  terms  of  friend- 
period.     He  first  came  forward  as  a  can-  ship  with  the  celebrated  William  Pitt; 
didate  for  Reading  in   1818,  and  was  re-  but,  being  always  a  consistent  Reformer  in 
turned  after  a  poll  which   terminated   as  politics,   he   declined  following  bia  dis- 
follows  :  tinguished  friend  into  public  life.     Mr. 
Chas.  Shaw  Lefevre,  esq.  .     .    528  Gwatkin  married  Miss  Theophila  PaU 

C.  F.  Palmer,  esq 379  mer,  the  niece  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds, 

John  Weyland,  esq.      ...     303  who  survives  him ;  and  resided  for  many 


f6 


0.  H.  Careob,  Esq.'— JR.  Hurst,  Esq. — J.  Allen,  Esq.       [July, 


years  on  his  estate  at  Killiou,  in  Corn- 
wall, and  finally  at  Plymouth.  His  ten 
closing  years,  which  he  spent  in  that  town, 
baye  endeared  his  memory  to  all  bis 
neighbours,  both  rich  and  poor,  by  the 
venerable  example  which  be  has  afforded 
of  the  character  of  a  Christian  gentleman. 
Perhaps  the  most  conspicuous  among  his 
many  estimable  qualities  were  sincerity, 
the  absence  of  all  pride,  and,  in  its  most 
enlarged  sense,  charity.  He  died  in  the 
foil  possession  of  all  his  faculties,  the 
full  exercise  of  every  kindly  sympathy, 
and  the  full  enjoyment  of  every  gospel 
hope.  There  is  a  good  engraving  pub- 
lished of  a  portrait  of  Mr.  Gwatkin  by 
Lonsdale. 

We  add  the  following  extract  from  Mr. 
Davies  Gilbert's  History  of  Cornwall : 

"  Killiow  is  now  the  seat  of  Mr.  Robert 
Lovell  Gwatkin,  where  he  has  built  an 
almost  entirely  new  house,  with  extensive 
eardens  and  plantations,  improved  the 
land,  and  made  the  whole  into  a  handsome 
modern  residence. 

<'  To  this  gentleman  the  parish  is  also 
mainly  indebted  for  a  removal  of  the 
church.  Either  cultivation  began  on  the 
banks  of  the  river,  or  a  strong  feeling  of 
veneration  was  entertained  for  the  spot 
where  St.  Kea  landed  from  his  granite 
trough  ;  but  so  it  happened  that  the  church 
stood  at  one  extremity  ot  the  parish,  and 
that  by  far  the  least  populous.  Mr. 
Gwatkin  led  the  way,  and  contributed 
largely  towards  constructing  a  new  church 
much  nearer  to  the  great  mass  of  the 
inhabitants ;  in  this  he  was  followed  by 
other  proprietors,  and  a  spacious  church 
is  now  in  use  for  divine  service  between 
Killiow  and  Nanceavallan.  Prayers,  with 
A  sermon  suited  to  the  occasion,  were 
first  given,  after  reading  the  Bishop's 
licence,  on  the  3rd  Oct.  1802,  being  the 
feasten  Sunday,  to  a  congregation  so  large 
as  almost  to  fill  the  churchyard  as  well 
as  the  church  itself,  which  is  decorated 
by  Mrs.  Gwatkin,  niece  of  Sir  Joshua 
Reynolds,  with  paintings  which  that  great 
artist  could  not  have  failed  to  admire.  The 
tower  alone  remains  to  point  out  the  site 
of  the  former  church.'* 


George  Henry  Carew,  Esq. 

Oct.  13,  184>2.  At  his  seat,  Crow- 
combe  Court,  Somerset,  George  Henry 
Carew,  esq.  of  that  place,  and  of  Carew 
Castle,  CO.  Pembroke. 

This  gentleman's  paternal  name  was 
Warrington, of  Pentrepant  in  Shropshire, 
and  he  assumed  that  of  Carew  in  1811, 
having  married  in  1794  Mary,  eldest 
daughter  of  John  Carew,  of  East  Antony, 
in  Cornwall,  esq.  (whose  Cornish  estates 
passed  to  the  family  of  Pole.) 
12 


He  had  issue  four  sons  and  six  daugh- 
ters.  The  former  are  Thomas  George 
Warrington  Carew,  esq.  who  has  married 
the  only  child  of  the  late  Thomas 
Clarke,  esq.  of  Furnham  House  ;  Henry, 
who  has  married  Jane- Maria,  only  child 
of  John  Rogers,  esq.  of  Ayshford,  near 
Sidmouth ;  John- Francis,  and  Gerald. 
Of  the  daughters,  Hester,  the  eldest,  is 
the  wife  of  Gabriel  Powell,  esq.  eldest 
son  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Powell,  of 
Peterstone  Court,  co.  Brecon. 


Robert  Hurst,  Esq. 

April  13.  At  Horsham  Park,  Sussex, 
in  his  93d  year,  Robert  Hurst,  esq.  a 
bencher  of  the  Middle  Temple,  formerly 
M.P.  for  Horsham. 

Mr.  Hurst  was  called  to  the  bar  by  the 
Hon.  Society  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
Nov.  27,  1776. 

He  purchased  Horsham  Park  about 
the  year  1830  of  Edmund  Smith,  esq.  At 
the  general  election  of  1802  he  was  re- 
turned to  Parliament  (on  the  Duke  of 
Norfolk's  nomination)  as  one  of  the  mem. 
bers  for  Steyning,  but  made  way  for  Lord 
Ossulston.  In  1806  he  was  again  elected 
for  the  same  borough,  and  he  represented 
it  during  that  Parliament  and  the  next.  In 
1813  he  was  elected  for  Horsham,  which 
he  continued  to  represent  until  the  pass- 
ing  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Emancipation 
Act,  immediately  upon  which  he  accepted 
the  Chiltem  Hundreds,  to  make  room 
for  the  Earl  of  Surrey  (the  present  Duke 
of  Norfolk). 

The  body  of  Mr.  Hurst  was  buried  on 
the  20th  April  in  the  family  vault  in  the 
chancel  of  Horsham  Church,  of  which  he 
was  the  lay  Rector.  It  was  attended  by 
his  sons  Robert  Henry  Hurst,  esq.  and 
the  Rev.  John  Hurst,  and  his  grandsons, 
with  hid  tenantry  about  120  in  number. 

JoHM  Allen,  Esq. 

April  3.  In  South -street,  aged  73, 
after  a  short  illness,  John  Allen,  esq. 
M.D.  Master  of  Dulwich  College. 

He  was  born  in  January  1770,  at  Red- 
ford,  a  few  miles  west  of  Edinburgh — a 
beautiful  small  property  to  which  he  suc- 
ceeded by  the  death  of  his  grandmother, 
and  which  was  afterwards  sold.  He 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh 
as  M.D.  in  1791,  and  in  1792  he  became 
a  zealous  and  active  member  of  the  As- 
sociation then  instituted  at  that  city  to 
forward  Parliamentary  Reform,  along 
with  Thomas  Muir  and  many  other  pro- 
moters of  the  measure,  of  whom  Mr. 
Robert  Forsyth,  advocate,  and  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Moffat,  solicitor,  are  believed  to  be 
the  only  survivors. 

Mr.  Allen  gave  lectures  on  comparative 


1843.] 


Obituary.— jfiT.  N.  Coleridge,  Esq, 


97 


anatomy  at  Edinburgh,  which  were  of 
such  excellence  as  to  have  induced  M. 
Cuvier  eagerly  to  seek  his  acquaintance. 
At  the  beginning  of  the  present  century 
he  left  Edinburgh,  and  since  that  time  was 
a  constant  inmate,  first  with  Lord  Hol- 
land, and,  after  the  death  of  that  amiable 
and  enlightened  statesman,  with  Lady 
Holland.  All  who  resorted  to  Holland 
House  valued  his  extensive  research,  his 
accurate  knowledge,  his  ever  ready  and 
exact  memory,  and  his  kindness  in  im- 
parting information  to  those  who  sought 
It.  His  facility  in  unravelling  the  most 
intricate  and  obscure  parts  of  history  was 
remarkable.  His  articles  in  the  Edin- 
burgh  Renew,*  and  his  other  works, 
attest  his  various  and  profound  learning. 
His  zeal  for  the  Constitution  led  him  to 
search  for  its  foundations  in  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  laws,  and  to  study  a  language  com- 
paratively  little  known. 

He  published  *'  An  Inquiry  into  the 
Rise  and  Growth  of  the  Royal  Preroga- 
tive, in  England ;  '*  "A  Vindication  of 
the  Independence  of  Scotland  ;'*  and  a 
Reply  to  Dr.  Lingard,  who  had  remon- 
strated upon  a  criticism  of  his  History  of 
England  which  Mr.  Allen  had  contri- 
buted to  the  Edinburgh  Review.  He 
wrote,  indeed,  more  than  one  article  upon 
that  work,  at  first  approving  Lingard, 
but  afterwards  censuring  his  partiality, 
particularly  his  misquotation  of  Strada, 
with  regard  to  the  massacre  of  St.  Bar- 
tholemew. 

Mr.  Allen  was  one  of  the  members  of 
the  late  Commission  on  Public  Records. 

An  inmate  in  Holland  House  for  more 
than  forty  years,  Mr.  Allen  had  the 
opportunity  of  becoming  acquainted  with 
all  the  distinguished  men  of  all  countries, 
and  his  long  life  may  be  said  to  have  been 
passed  between  the  best  reading  and  the 
Dest  conversation.  Nor  in  a  society 
where  Romilly,  and  Horner,  and  Mackin- 
tosh, were  welcome  and  delightful  guests, 
was  there  a  single  person  who  did  not 
listen  with  respect  to  the  voice  of  one  with 
whom  Lord  Holland  searched  the  records 
of  history  for  the  materials  of  his  speeches, 
and  to  whose  friendly  eye  were  submitted 
those  admirable  protests  in  which  the 
cause  of  liberty  was  so  eloquently  pleaded. 

In  the  Exhibition  at  the  Royal  Acade- 
my last  year  was  a  pleasing  picture  of 

•  To  Mr.  Allen's  article  in  the  Edin- 
burgh Review,  XXVI.  341,  Sir  James 
Mackintosh  refers  as  having  been  writ- 
ten '<  by  one  of  the  most  acute  and 
learned  of  our  constitutional  antiquaries." 
Hist,  of  England,  I.  241.  Mr.  Allen 
Wrote  the  life  of  Fox  in  the  Encyclopedia 
Britannica. 

GxNT.  Mag.  Vol..  XX« 


Lord  and  Lady  Holland  and  Mr.  Allen, 
seated  in  the  library  of  Holland  House, 
painted  by  Leslie. 

He  was  esteemed  and  loved  by  Lord 
Holland,  which  is  eulogy  in  itself,  and 
there  can  be  no  doubt  that  his  affliction 
for  the  loss  of  such  a  friend  shortened  his 
life. 

The  warmth  of  his  heart,  and  the 
steadiness  of  his  attachment  to  his  friends, 
were  indeed  not  less  remarkable  than  his 
high  intellectual  qualities.  He  had  a 
marked  part  in  that  circle  so  eloquently 
described  by  Mr.  Macaulay,  *Mn  which 
every  talent  and  accomplishment,  every 
art  and  science,  had  its  place.'' 

Mr.  Allen  has  died  worth  about  7000/. 
or  8000/.,  of  which  he  has  bequeathed 
2500/.  to  the  descendants  in  his  mother's 
second  marriage,  named  Cleghorn,  and 
resident  in  the  western  states  of  Ameri- 
ca. The  sum  of  1000/.  and  all  his  medi- 
cal books  and  manuscripts  are  bequeathed 
to  his  intimate  friend  Dr.  John  Thom- 
son, Emeritus  Professor  of  Pathology  in 
the  University  of  Edinburgh.  In  respect 
to  his  other  manuscripts  his  wishes  are 
expressed  in  the  following  terms : — 

**  1  bequeath  to  Col.  Charles  Richard 
Fox  all  my  manuscript  journals,  diaries, 
and  letters,  with  the  exception  of  such  as 
have  been  already  devised  to  Dr.  Thom- 
son, of  Edinburgh.  I  know  that  my 
manuscript  collections,  which  were  made 
for  purposes  that  I  cannot  hope  now  to 
execute,  are  of  no  value  to  any  one  but 
myself ;  but  I  am  loath  to  destroy  them 
while  I  am  still  alive,  and  having  the 
same  confidence  in  Colonel  Fox  which  I 
had  in  his  father,  to  whom  I  had  for- 
merly bequeathed  them,  lam  sure  he  will 
take  care  that  they  fall  into  no  hands  after 
my  death  where  they  can  be  used  to  my 
discredit."  His  Spanish  and  Italian 
books  are  left  to  Dulwich  college.  The 
will  is  dated  Oct.  29,  1842. 


H£NftY  Nelson  Coleridge,  Esq. 

Jan.  ^6.  In  Chester-place,  Regent's 
Park,  Henry  Nelson  Coleridge,  esq.  M.A. 
Barrister  at  Law. 

Mr.  Nelson  Coleridge  was  the  son  of 
Colonel  Coleridge,  a  brother  of  the  poet. 
He  married  his  cousin,  a  daughter  of  the 

{>oet,  a  very  learned  and  accomplished 
ady;  she  published  some  years  ago  a 
translation  of  the  "  History  of  the 
Abipones,""  from  the  Latin  of  Dobrizhoffei) 
and  more  recently  a  beatiful  fairy  tale 
called  "  Phantasmion*  He  was  educated 
at  Eton  and  at  King's  college,  Cambridgcv 
where  he  was  elected  Fellow,  and 
graduated  B.  A.  1823,  M.A.  182-.  He 
accompanied  his  uncle,  the  Bishop  of 
Barbadoes,  on  his  outward  voyage,  and 

O 


98 


Obitdabt.— ^.  Goulburn,  Esq.—MrS'  Fairlie: 


[July, 


the  renult  was  s  work  entitled  <'  Six 
Months  in  the  West  Indies  in  1825,'* 
originally  published  anonymously,  but 
with  his  name  in  the  third  edition,  1832, 
which  is  one  of  the  series  of  Murray's 
Family  Library. 

He  was  called  to  the  bar  hy  the  Hon. 
Society  of  the  Middle  Temple,  Nov.  24, 
1826  ;  practised  as  an  equity  draftsman 
and  conveyancer ;  and  was  appointed 
Lecturer  on  the  principles  and  practice  of 
equity  to  the  Incorporated  Law  Society. 

In  1830  he  published  an  Introduction 
to  the  Study  of  the  Greek  Classic  Poets. 

In  1836  he  published  the  Literary 
Remains  of  Mr.  S.  T.  Coleridge  ;  and 
he  has  since  been  the  editor  of  several 
other  posthumous  editions  of  various 
poitions  ot  his  great  relative's  writings. 

He  also  wrote  several  articles  in  the 
Quarterly  Review. 

Heney  Goulburn,  Esq. 

June  8.  At  the  official  residence  of  his 
father  in  Downing  Street,  aged  30,  Henry 
Goulburn,  esq.  M.A.  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  and  barrister  at 
law ;  eldest  son  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Henry 
Goulburn,  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer, 
and  M.P.  for  the  University  of  Cam> 
bridge. 

The  academical  career  of  this  highly* 
gifted  young  man  was  so  brilliant  as  to 
attract  particular  attention.  Trained  in 
early  youth  by  private  tuition,  we  be- 
lieve under  the  care  of  the  Rev.  H.  V. 
Elliott,  of  Brighton,  and  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Jackman,  of  Clapham,  he  entered  the 
University  in  1831,  as  a  pensioner  of 
Trinity  College.  His  course  may  be  de- 
■cribed  as  one  of  continued  triumph.  At 
the  usual  annual  college  examinations,  he 
obtained  a  place  in  the  first  class,  in  the 
years  1832,33,  and  34;  in  1833  he  was 
elected  to  a  Foundation  Scholarship ;  in 
1834,  he  obtained  one  of  Dr.  Hooper's 
prizes  (a  silver  cup,  value  10/.),  for  the 
second  best  English  Declamation  on  a 
subject  relating  to  the  History  of  Eng. 
land;  also  the  first  prize  of  4/.  for  the 
best  reading  in  chapel ;  and  in  the  same 
year  he  was  elected  to  an  University 
Scholarship  on  the  foundation  of  John 
Lord  Craven,  the  examiners  being  unani- 
niously  of  opinion  that  he  acquitted  him- 
self  in  such  a  manner  as  to  be  deserving 
of  special  commendation.  In  1835  he 
^duated  6.  A.,  as  Second  Wrangler,  and 
obtained  one  of  Dr.  Smith's  prizes  (^^L) 
as  the  second  best  proficient  in  Mathe- 
matics ;  he  also  honourably  diatinguished 
pimself  by  occupying  the  first  place  in  the 
ClHSsical  Tripos,  and  obtaining  the  Chan. 
cellor*s  gold  medal  (value  15gs.)  as  the 
greatest  proficient  in  cUssical  learning. 


In  1836  he  was  elected  a  fellow  of 
Trinity  college.  In  1837  he  obtained 
one  of  the  Members'  prizes  (15gs.  for 
bachelors)  for  the  best  Dissertation  in 
Latin  Prose.  On  the  3rd  July  1838  he 
proceeded  to  the  degree  of  M.A.  In 
1839  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  sub- 
lecturers  of  his  college,  in  1840  Greek 
Grammar  Lecturer,  and  in  1841  Latin 
Lecturer. 

His  course  at  the  bar  promised  equal 
distinction.  His  progress  in  the  study  of 
the  law  surpassed  the  experience,  and  ex- 
cited the  wonder  of  his  instructors ;  and 
he  had  just  entered  upon  his  arduous  pro- 
fession under  the  brightest  prospects, 
with  the  noblest  views  and  the  most 
hopeful  anticipations  of  his  friends,  when 
in  the  course  of  that  Providence,  whose 
ways  are  unscrutable,  he  was  withdrawn 
from  us.  We  cannot  conclude  this  brief 
notice  without  adding  a  tribute  to  the 
other  qualities  of  a  more  endearing  and 
ennobling  character  possessed  by  him, 
and  in  a  yet  higher  degree.  It  was  the 
tone  of  deep  earnest  piety  pervading  his 
whole  life  which  gave  promise  to  all  who 
came  in  contact  with  him  of  eminent 
public  usefulness,  should  God  spare  him 
to  years  of  maturity;  and  it  was  the 
gentle  and  afiTectionate  spirit  of  true 
Christian  love,  ever  breathing  from  act 
and  word  on  all  around  him,  which  would 
have  given  him  a  wide  infiuence  over  his 
fellow-countrymen,  as  it  has  left  a  wide 
circle  of  friends  to  weep  over  his  prema- 
ture death.     (Cambridge  ChronicleJ 

Mrs.  Faibue. 

April  2.  At  Cheveley,  near  New- 
market,  after  a  long.continued  delicate 
state  of  health,  Louisa,  wife  of  John 
Fairlie,  esq. 

She  was  a  daughter  of  John  Hume 
Purvis,  esq.  by  Ellen,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Edmund  Power,  now  Viscountess  Can- 
terbury ;  and  was  consequently  niece  to 
the  Countess  of  Blessington.  Being 
frequently  resident  with  Lady  Blessington 
at  Gore- House,  she  was  no  doubt  in- 
fluenced by  her  example  to  write  those 
charming  little  contributions  which  a- 
domed  the  Annuals  edited  by  her.  Un- 
der  the  care  of  Mrs.  Fairlie  herself  were 
also  published  '<  The  Children  of  the 
Nobility,"  and  several  poetical  volumes, 
enriched  by  her  talent,  and  still  more 
highly  recommended  by  the  purity  of  her 
thoughts  and  precepts. 

The  sad  uncertainty  of  her  tenure  of 
life  had  rendered  this  amiable  person  pe- 
culiarly sensible  to  religious  impressions, 
and  given  a  powerful  devotional  turn  to 
her  general  manners  and  conduct.  Amid 
the  gaieties  of  fashion,  and  the  lighter 


1843.]        JR.  Fox,  Etq.-^Rev.  J.  W.  NiMock.—W.  H.  Pyne. 


dd 


habits  of  literature,  her  mind  maintained 
its  calm  and  even  way,  more  intent  upon 
the  heaven  hereafter  than  the  present 
earth.  A  few  months  ago  she  lost,  from 
among  her  infant  family,  an  extraordinary 
ehild,  a  daughter,  who  had  the  misfortune 
to  be  deaf  and  dumb,  but  whose  won- 
derful precocity  of  intellect  and  means  of 
communicating  her  ideas  were  as  remark- 
able as  these  ideas  were  singularly 
original,  and  interesting  as  almost  meta- 
physical  phenomena.  We  wish  we  could 
remember  some  of  them  which  we  have 
heard,  for  they  would  be  well  worth  pre- 
serviug :  but  at  the  instant  we  only  re- 
collect one  remark,  on  seeing  her  mother 
writing  a  letter  with  very  pale  ink. 
"  Why,  mamma,*'  inquired  the  lovely 
little  creature,  "why  do  you  write  to 
_  di^—  with  whispering  ink  /**  They 
are  now  united  in  another  and  a  better 
World* — Literary  Gazette . 


Robert  Fox,  Esq.  F.S.A. 

June  8.  At  Godmanchester,  Hunt- 
ingdonshire, aged  45,  Robert  Fox,  Esq. 
F.S.A.  and  M.N.S. ;  author  of  a  His* 
tory  of  that  Town,  1831,  8vo. 

He  was  the  founder  of  the  Literary 
and  Scientific  Institution  of  Huntingdon ; 
and  he  was  himself  an  able  lecturer  on 
subjects  connected  with  geology,  natural 
history,  and  philosophy. 

Mr.  Fox's  funeral  took  place  on  the 
morning  of  Sunday  June  11.  The 
houses  in  the  neighbourhood  of  his  own 
were  filled  with  gentlemen  from  Hunt- 
ingdon and  Godmanchester,  who  fell  into 
the  train,  and  extended  nearly  from  the 
house  to  the  church  lane,  the  sides  being 
lined  with  poor.  The  church  was  nearly 
full  of  those  who  were  anxious  to  pay  a 
last  tribute  to  the  excellence  of  one  who 
was  literally  the  friend  of  the  poor,  for 
he  was  never  known  to  turn  a  deaf  ear  to 
their  requests.  In  his  sermon,  the  same 
day,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Grey  alluded  most 
afiectionately  to  the  deceased,  and  com- 
municated by  his  desire,  his  dying  mes* 
sage  to  the  people. — "  Tell  them  (mean- 
ing the  poor)  that  I  have  always  loved 
them,  and  prayed  for  them ;  that  I  ear- 
nestly beg  them  to  keep  from  the  public- 
house,  to  mind  for  their  families,  and  to 
seek  the  means  of  grace  ;  tell  them  this 
from  the  pulpit,  with  my  love.'' 

Mr.  Fox  has  left  a  widow  and  two 
sons.  His  eldest  son,  Alfred,  who  was 
educated  to  his  father's  profession,  died  a 
few  years  ago.  The  survivors  are  Eras- 
mus and  Conrad.  His  valuable  collec- 
tion of  coins  and  antiquities,  it  is  to  be 
bopedi  will  be  purchased  for  the  Museum 
of  the  Institution  at  Huntingdon  ;  many 
of  tb«m  have  a  local  interest,  and  there- 


fore have  a  peculiar  claim  to  tfiei  con- 
sideration of  the  Trustees  of  the  Institu- 
tion, setting  aside  their  value  in  relatioh 
to  the  collection. 


Rev.  J.  W.  NiBLocK,  D.D. 

Sept,  ..  After  a  lingering  illness,'  thd 
Rev.  Joseph  White  Niblock,  D.D.  and 
formerly  F.S.A.,  and  M.R.S.L. 

We  find  Dr.  Niblock  was  Curate  ot 
Hitchin,  when,  in  Feb.  1820,  he  was  ap- 
pointed master  of  the  free-school  in  that 
town.  In  Feb.  1823  he  received  a  testi- 
monial of  respect,  thus  inscribed  :  *'  't'his 
piece  of  plate  was  presented  by  the  teach- 
ers of  the  Hitchin  Church  Sunday  School 
to  the  Rev.  Joseph  White  Niblock,  B.A. 
as  a  small  tribute  of  their  gratitude  for  his 
unremitting  attention  to  the  interests  of 
the  school  during  the  time  he  filled  the 
ofSce  of  president." 

Some  years  after  he  took  the  degree  o^ 
D.D.  as  a  member  of  St.  Edmund  Hall, 
Oxford,  and  removed  to  London,  and 
undertook  the  mastership  of  a  private 
school  near  Tavistock-square,  called  the 
London  High  School.     In  this  he  failed. 

In  1837  he  was  licensed  to  the  evening 
lectureship  of  St.  Mary  Somerset,  Upper 
Thames  Street. 

Dr.  Niblock  was  the  author  of  a  Clas- 
sical Latin  dictionary. 

In  1827  he  armounced  a  Hebrew,  Syriac, 
Greek,  and  English  lexicon  of  the  Scrip- 
ture proper  names,  with  the  penultimate 
quantities  accurately  marked  and  accent- 
uated. 

He  was  also  the  author  of  "Piety  and 
Patiotism  ;  or,  the  Church  the  Champion 
of  Lriberty."  1835.  8vo. 

He  made  a  very  extensive  and  curious 
collection  ot  the  various  occasional  forms 
of  pfHyer  which  have  been  used  by  autho- 
rity in  the  Church  of  England  (see  a  letter 
from  him  on  the  subject  in  Gent.  Mag.  vol. 
XCVI.  i.  513.  and  others  in  XCVin.ii. 
517,  XCIX.ii.31),andhad  an  intention  to 
print  a  selection  of  the  most  beautiful  of 
them,  but  did  not  meet  with  sufficient  en- 
couragement to  induce  him  to  proceed 
with  his  proposal. 

W.  H.  Pyne,  Esq. 

J^ay'29,  At  Pickering  Place,  Pad- 
dington,  after  a  long  illness,  aged  74, 
William  Henry  Pyne,  esq. 

As  an  artist,  Mr.  Pyne  possessed  a 
great  facility  of  pencil,  and  a  charming 
taste  and  iancy  for  natural  and  pictu- 
resque objects,  whether  animate  or  inani- 
mate. His  publication  in  quarto  en- 
titled **  The  Microcosm  of  London  "  is  a 
most  pleasing  performance,  and  the  cha- 
racter  of  the  varied  population  of  the  me- 
tropolis struck  off  with  wonderful  acca« 


ioo 


Obitvahy.^H'  Thompson,  Esq.  R.A. 


rjnly, 


ncy  and  amusing  effect  His  rustic  figures 
are  no  less  true  and  excellent.     In  his 
laiger  work,  Tbe  Royal  Palaces,  the  en- 
gravings are  splendid,  and  tbe  text  replete 
with  talent,  whether  applied  to  graphic 
rtmark  or  antique  anecdote  and  research. 
His  Wine  and  Walnuts  (originally  pub- 
lished in  the  Literary  Gazette,  and  then 
collected    in    three    volumes,)  attracted 
much  public  notice,  and  induced  him  to 
start  a  weekly    periodical  of  his  own, 
which  was  called  the  Somerset  House 
Gazette,  but  lasted  only  for  one  year. 
The  pains  he  bestowed  on  his  anecdotical 
inquiries  were  extraordinary ;  and  every 
little  incident  and  fact  which  he  stated, 
if  capable  of  confirmation,  were  as  care- 
fully investigated  as  if  he  had  been  com- 
posing national  history.     This  gave  great 
value  to  his  pictures  of  elder  times,  his 
biographical  sketches,    and    touches    of 
manners.       Latterly    he    communicated 
some  agreeable  papers  to  Frazer^s  Maga- 
line,  in  which  it  is  believed  the  last  of 
his  literary  essays  have  appeared. 

During  his  long  career  Mr.  P.  was 
intimately  associated  with  all  the  princi- 
pal artists  of  the  time,  and  also  with  very 
many  of  its  literary  ornaments.  His  con. 
versation  was  original,  instructive,  social, 
and  entertaining,  and  caused  his  company 
to  be  much  courted  by  all  who  could 
appreciate  these  agreeable  qualities. 
He  was  connected  with  the  late  Mr. 
Ackermann,  and  the  suggester  and  main- 
spring of  many  of  that  worthy  publisher's 
most  successful  undertakings,  from  the 
issue  of  a  print  to  the  institution  of  the 
famous  subscription  for  the  sufferers  in 
Germany.  His  mind,  indeed,  was  ever 
full  of  curious  projects ;  but  perhaps  his 
perseverance  was  not  equal  to  his  inven- 
tion, and  fortune  did  not  reward  his 
efforts  so  liberally  as  to  bless  his  closing 
days  with  the  independence  his  genius  so 
richly  deserved. 

He  was,  we  believe,  the  son  of  a  re- 
spectable leather-seller  in  Holborn,  and 
displayed  so  early  and  strong  a  predilec- 
tion for  the  arts  as  to  induce  his  father  to 
place  him  on  trial  with  a  clever  draughts- 
man and  print-colourer.  But  when  the 
time  came  that  he  should  be  bound  an 
apprentice,  much  as  he  liked  the  pursuit, 
he  refused  to  accept  the  master ;  and  at 
fourteen  left  him  in  disgust  because  he 
had  called  his  word  in  question!  This 
sense  of  respect  and  right  grew  up  with 
William  Henry  Pyne  ;  and  to  the  end  of 
bis  life,  though  afflicted  with  much  suf- 
fering,  his  temper  was  placid  and  amiable, 
his  conduct  affectionate  and  unworldly. 
(Literary  Gazette,) 


Henry  Thompson,  Esq.  R. A. 
Jpril  6,      At  his  residence.    Union- 
street,  Portsea,  aged  70,  Henry  Thomp- 
son, esq.  R.A.  late  Keeper  of  the  Royal 
Academy. 

The  father  of  Mr.  Thompson  was  a 
purser  in  the  navy,  and  resident  in  St. 
George*s-square,  Portsea,  where  the 
late  Keeper  was  born.  His  native  place 
was  his  favourite  retirement  from  the 
activity  of  town  life,  and  there,  in  1828, 
he  took  up  his  permanent  residence  ;  but 
from  his  secluded  habits  very  little  was 
known  of  him,  except  that  his  charity 
was  extensive  considering  his  means. 

Prolonged  corporeal  suffering  compelled 
him  almost  entirely  to  abandon  the  ex- 
ercise of  his  art.  The  little  he  has  done 
has  been  with  a  view  of  presentation  to 
friends  in  return  for  offices  of  kindness 
and  attention.  He  was  especially  fond  of 
the  recreation  of  boating,  and  his  boat 
was  among  those  objects  which  formed 
the  subject  of  his  last  sketches,  which 
were  painted  in  oil  upon  rough  paper, 
and  so  managed  as  to  present  a  very 
agreeable  effect.  The  boat  was  sketch- 
ed for  the  office-keeper  at  the  Gun- 
wharf,  Portsmouth,  to  whom  it  was  pre- 
sented by  Mr.  Thompson.  Such  little 
exercises  formed  tbe  amusement  and 
solace  of  his  declining  years ;  being  from 
infirmity  unequal  to  greater  efforts,  they 
served  yet  to  indentify  him  with  the 
profession  in  which  he  had  risen  to  dis- 
tinction. 

His  style  was  historical  and  poetical — 
his  "Perdita"  will  be  long  remembered 
as  one  of  the  gems  of  its  class.  Since 
his  residence  at  Portsea  he  has  painted 
nothing  of  importance. 

The  late  Mr.  Spencer,  Store-keeper  of 
the  Ordnance  Department,  was  his  parti- 
cular friend  for  a  period  of  forty  years. 
With  this  gentleman  he  resided  during  his 
visits  to  Portsea,  on  which  occasions  his 
favourite  relaxation  was  boating,  being 
then  in  the  enjoyment  of  robust  health. 
His  malady  was  of  many  years*  duration, 
complaining  principally  of  general  debi- 
lity. During  the  last  three  years  he  could 
not  lie  down  in  his  bed ;  upon  this  state 
dropsy  supervened,  and  was  the  proximate 
cause  of  bis  decease. 

In  disposing  of  his  property  he  be- 
queathed to  the  person  who  attended  him 
during  his  last  illness,  and  whom  he  had 
for  some  time  previously  known,  300/. 
his  house,  carriage,  and  all  bis  furniture, 
and  to  his  female  domestics  700/.  each. 
His  funeral  was  private ;  his  physician. 
Dr.  Scott,  his  executors,  and  attendants, 
were  all  that  followed  his  remains  to  their 
resting-place,      He    was    interred    in 


1843.]  H^F.  Cooper,  Esq.'-Wm,  G.  Mutkhiv,  Esq. 


m\ 


Portsmouth  Churchyard,  near  the  spot 
where  his  mother  was  huried.  His  works 
of  art  have  been  distributed  among  his 
friends. 


Henry  Frederick  Cooper,  Esq. 
May  23.  In  Dartmouth  Street,  West- 
minster, aged  71,  Henry  Frederick 
Cooper,  esq.  one  of  the  Elder  Burgesses 
of  the  Court  of  Westminster,  and  a  Di- 
rector  of  the  Westminster  Fire  Oflfice. 

This  amiable  and  worthy   man    was 
highly   beloved    and    respected    by   his 
friends  and  neighbours.     He  had  attained 
competency  as  a  bricklayer  and  builder, 
but  had  retired  from  business.     Many 
years  since  he  had  served  all  the  paro- 
chial offices  with  great  credit ;  and  was, 
in  the  evening  of  his  days,  very  active  in 
the  promotion  of  the   numerous   chari- 
ties belonging  to  the  parish  in  which  he 
lived;  being  a  governor  of  St.  Marga- 
ret's Hospital,  of  the  Grey  Coat  School, 
the  Blue  Coat  School,  and  of  Palmer's 
Almshouses  and  School  (of  which  charity 
he  twice  served  the  annual  office  of  Trea- 
surer),   and    for  many   years  filled  the 
office    of    Treasurer    of   Emery    Hill's 
Almshouses   in    Tothill-fields.    To  this 
last  excellent  charity  Mr.  Cooper,  having 
leisure,  happily  wanted  not  the  will  to 
devote  much  attention  ;  raising  it  to  a 
state  of  great  order  and  usefulness.     To 
its  aged  inmates  and    the    children  he 
might  truly  be  said  to  act  with  a  fraternal 
and  parental  care.     Under  his  advice  the 
governors  have  lately  restored  a  master  to 
the  school,  the  children  having  formerly 
been  educated  at  a  neighbouring  charity. 
This  is  working  well.     If  there  was  one 
day  in  the  year  more  enjoyed  by  Mr. 
Cooper  than  another,  (for  when  in  health 
his    good-humoured     countenance    was 
always  dressed  in  smiles,)  it  was  on  the 
anniversary  of  Emery  Hill's  School.  The 
pious  founder  had  directed  in  his  foun- 
dation deed  that  a  small  sum  should  be 
spent  on  the  governors  and  their  wives. 
This  has  been  of  late  years  made  by  the 
governors  themselves    the  nucleus  of  a 
very  elegant  entertainment,  at  their  own 
expense,  generally  held  at  the  Star  and 
Garter  at  Richmond,  on  which  occasion 
the  forethought,  politeness,  and  assiduity 
of  their  worthy  treasurer  were  certain  to 
insure  a  most  delightful  day. 


Wm.  Girdler  Mucklow,  Esq. 

/line  18.  In  Tothill  Street,  aged  62, 
Wm.  Girdler  Mucklow,  esq.  Senior  Bur- 
gess of  St.  Margaret's,  in  the  Court  of 
Westminster,  and  a  Directorof  the  West- 
minster Fire  Office. 


The  loss  of  his  valuable  life  may  btt 
attributed  to  a  cold  caught  at  the  funeral 
of  his  old  friend  Mr.  Cooper  (see  the 
preceding  article). 

Mr.  Mucklow  was  a  native  of  St.  Mar- 
garet's parish  ;  was,  when  a  young  man, 
an  officer  in  the  St.  Margaret's  and  St. 
John's  Volunteers ;  and  bad  many  years 
since  served  all  the  parochial  offices  with 
great  credit.  He  was  remarkably  at- 
tached tohis  native  parish  ;  and,  although 
he  had  a  country  residence  at  Koehamp- 
ton,  was  seldom  on  a  Sunday  absent  from 
St.  Margaret's  Church. 

He  was  a  vigilant  and  useful  guardian 

and  trustee  for  many  of  the  local  chari- 

ties  of  the  parish.     As  a  Governor  of 

Palmer's    Alms-houses,    he    had    twice. 

served  the  annual  office  of  Treasurer. 

But  it  was  to  his  having  been  fortunately 

appointed  to  the  gratuitous  and  arduous 

office  of  Treasurer  to  the  two  large  and 

important  schools,  the  Grey  Coat  School, 

and  St.  Margaret's  Hospital  (commonly 

known  as  the  Green  Coat  School,)  that 

Mr.    Mucklow  was   enabled  to    render 

such  essential  benefit  to  the  parish,  that 

the   following  resolution  does  no  more 

than  justice  to  his  memory  : — 

*•  The  Governors  of  the  Grey  Coat 
Hospital  desire  to  record  their  deep  sense 
of  the  services  rendered  to  this  Hospital 
by  their  late  Treasurer,  Wm.  Girdler 
Mucklow,  esq. ;  of  his  unwearied  atten- 
tion to,  and  judicious  management  of,  the 
affairs  of  the  charity,  and  his  constant 
and  conscientious  superintendence  of  the 
moral  and  religious  discipline  of  the  es. 
tablishment;  and  to  express  their  sincere 
regret  at  the  loss  of  so  valuable  a  guardi- 
an of  the  interests  of  this  charity,  and  so 
kind  a  friend  to  the  poor  of  this  parish." 
A  resolution  to  the  same  eflfect  was 
passed  by  the  Governors  of  St.  Margaret's 
Hospital. 

Scarcely  a  day  elapsed  that  Mr.  Muck- 
low  was  not  employed  in  some  way  or  other 
to  promote  the  interests  of  his  favourite 
charities ;  and,  among  other  more  import- 
ant objects,  it  was  his  pride  to  uphold 
the  buildings  of  the  two  Hospitals  in  a 
high  state  of  repair;  both  having  been 
lately  much  improved  under  his  vigilant 
superintendence. 

He  was  buried  at  St.  Margaret's  on 
the  26th,  attended  by  a  large  train  of 
mourning  friends  and  neighbours.  The 
Governors  of  the  Grey  Coat  and  St. 
Margaret's  Hospitals  also  solicited  that 
the  masters  of  those  schools  might  be 
permitted  to  attend  the  funeral,  to  mark 
the  respect  of  the  Governors  for  the  me- 
mory of  their  worthy  Treasurer. 


102 


Mr$.  Davenport, '^Mn.  Honey. '^Obitva%y. 


CM. 


Mrs.  Datenport. 


DEATHS. 


May  8.  At  Brompton,  aged  83,  Mrs. 
Davenport,  late  of  Covent  Garden 
Theatre. 

This  excellent  actress  had  passed  38 
years  of  her  life  at  the  Theatre  Royal 
Coven t-garden,  during  the  brightest  days 
of  the  drama,  under  the  management  of 
the  late  Mr.  Harris,  and  associated  with 
such  names  as  John  Kemble,  Mrs.  Sid- 
dons,  Holman,  Lewis,  Fawcett,  &c.  She 
was  born  in  1759,  at  Launceston,  Corn- 
wall.  Her  father's  name  was  Harvey, 
and  when  about  20  years  of  age  she  ap- 
peared at  the  Bath  Theatre  with  great 
success.  In  1794  she  first  performed  at 
Covent-garden,  as  Mrs.  Uardcastle,  in 
**  She  Stoops  to  Conquer,"  and  at  that 
establishment  she  continued  without  a 
rival  until  1831,  occasionally  filling  up  the 
vacations  at  the  Haymarket.  Mr.  Da- 
venport died  in  1841.  He  was  an  actor 
of  considerable  merit  at  Covent-garden, 
and  held  the  appointment  of  Secretary  to 
that  TheatricHl  Fund.  With  Mr.  John 
Kemble  and  Mrs.  Siddons  Mrs.  Daven- 
port was  an  especial  favourite.  She  had 
a  son  and  daughter ;  the  former  died  in 
India,  the  latter  some  years  since  in  Eng- 
land. Her  private  worth  was  as  great  as 
her  public  excellence. 


Mrs.  Honey. 

^pril  2.  At  her  house  in  Albany 
Street,  Regent's  Park,  aged  26,  Mrs. 
Honey. 

This  young  and  pretty  actress  was 
born  Dec.  6, 1817,  and  was  the  daughter 
of  Mrs.  Young,  an  actress  now  engaged 
at  the  Eagle  Saloon.  She  was  brought 
up  to  the  stage,  and  when  yet  a  girl  of 
sixteen  married  Mr.  Honey,  a  lawyer's 
clerk,  only  two  years  her  senior.  When 
her  dramatic  talents  and  personal  ap- 
pearance  attracted  that  sort  of  admira- 
tion which  is  too  often  fatal  to  the 
cultivation  of  the  one,  and  but  too  dan- 
gerously flattering  to  the  other,  this  ill- 
assorted  matrimonial  union  became  un- 
happy. Mr.  Honey  was  accidentally 
drowned  in  the  Thames  in  1836.  She 
has  left  two  children,  one  ten  and  the 
other  three  years  old.  She  was  of  the 
Vestris  school,  and  stood  perhaps  next 
to  that  popular  favourite  in  the  line  of 
parts  which  require  female  beauty,  live- 
liness, and  natural  gifts  of  voice  and  other 
qualities,  to  lift  their  possessors  into 
profitable  notice  from  among  the  herd  of 
less  fortunate  aspirants. 


LOKDOH  AND   ITS   TICINITT. 

Oct,  25.  At  his  father's  house  in  Moli- 
neux-street,  aged  37,  Lieut.  J .  R.  Wellsted, 
of  the  Hon.  E.L  Company's  Naval  Service. 
He  was  the  author  of  Travels  in  Arabia. 
1838,  2  vols.  8vo. ;  and  Travels  to  the  City 
o(  the  Caliphs,  along  the  shores  of  the 
Persian  Gulph  and  the  Mediterranean : 
inolading  a  Voyage  to  the  coast  of  Arabia, 
and  a  Tour  on  the  island  of  Socotra. 
1840,  2  vols.  8vo. 

Feb.  27.  In  Upper  Baker-street,  aged 
59,  William  Jardine,  esq.  M.P.  for  Ash- 
burton  ;  for  which  borough  he  was  first 
returned,  without  opposition,  in  1841,  on 
the  Liberal  interest. 

March  6,  Aged  86,  John  Thompson, 
esq.  of  the  Priory,  Hampstead.  He  made 
a  large  fortune,  principally  as  a  brewers' 
surveyor  and  valuer,  and,  from  his  reten- 
tive memory  of  the  tenure  of  houses  in 
London,  acquired  the  soubriquet  of 
"  Memory-corner  Thompson."  Hie  filled 
his  house,  many  years  since,  and  before 
the  taste  became  fashionable,  with  antique 
furniture;  and  his  name  was  frequently 
in  the  public  papers  last  year,  with  re- 
spect to  his  present  of  a  magnificent 
ancient  bed  and  bedroom  furniture  to  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  which  was  graciously 
accepted  by  her  Majesty. 

March  11.  At  Greenwich,  aged  81, 
Edward  Augustus  Csesar  Burnaby,  retired 
Commander  R.N.  (1815)  uncle  to  Capt. 
Sir  Wm.  C.  H.  Burnaby,  Bart.  He  was 
a  son  of  Rear-Adm.  Sir  Wm.  Burnaby, 
the  first  Bart  by  his  second  wife  Grace, 
dau.  of  Drewry  Ottley,  esq. 

March  30.  In  Kensington-square, 
Lieut. -General  Philip  Philpot,  Colonel  of 
the  8th  or  Royal  Irish  Hussars.  He  was 
appointed  Lieut,  in  the  76th  foot  1788, 
Captain  1797,  Capt.  24th  Dragoons  1800, 
Major  1807,  Lieut.-Colonel  1811,  Colonel 
1821,  Major-General  1830,  and  Lieut. - 
General  1 84 1  •  He  served  with  his  regiment 
in  the  East  ladies,  from  whence  he  returned 
to  England  in  1818.  He  was  appointed 
Colonel  of  the  8th  Hussars  April  30, 1840. 

Jpril  22.  In  Lawn-pl.  Brixton,  aged 
86,  Anne  relict  of  James  Young,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Tavistock-st.  Covent- Garden. 

May  10.  In  Princes-st.  aged  32,  Wi- 
nifired  Amelia,  wife  of  C.  S.  Duncan,  esq. 

Maria  Louisa,  wife  of  John  M* Morris, 
esq.  M.D.,  East  India  Company's  Ser- 
vice, eldest  dau.  of  John  Gardiner,  esq. 
and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Hon.  Captain 
Herbert,  R.N. 

May  11.  At  Chelsea,  William  Bluche, 
esq.  late  of  the  Secretary's  Office,  Chel- 
sea Col.  and  formerly  of  iho  Roy.  Marines. 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


103 


Jf«y  IS.  Aged  81,  Mrs.  Agnes  Gibbs, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  P.  Gibbs,  Bart. 

May  13.  In  CasUe-st.  ^ast,  Oxford- 
st.  aged  80,  Mr.  Jobn  Tolkenton.  For 
upwards  of  half  a  century  he  carried  on 
the  business  of  a  hair-dresser  a  few  doors 
from  Bemers-street,  having  succeeded  his 
master  at  that  period  of  George  lll.'s 
reign  when  his  occupation  was  in  great 
request.  He  also  carried  on  a  thriving 
business  in  money-lending ;  and  one  of 
the  attics  was  literally  crammed  full  of 
paintings  and  other  valuable  property, 
which  had  been  placed  in  his  hands  as  se- 
curity for  loans,  and  which,  strange  to 
say,  he  had  suffered  to  rot  and  perish 
from  damp,  &c.  He  accumulated  up- 
wards of  60,000/.  which  will  be  inherited 
by  his  nearest  relative,  the  daughter  of  a 
niece  and  her  fkmily. 

May  H*  In  Holloway-place,  Edward 
Garland,  esq. 

Major  Charles  Callagan  McCarthy, 
late  of  the  3Gth  regt. 

May  16.  At  HoUoway,  aged  82,  Mr. 
John  Hopkins,  Vestry  Clerk  of  St.  Dun- 
stan*  s-in- the- West. 

May  17.  At  Clapham,  aged  72,  David 
Davidson,  esq. 

At  Blackland's  House,  Chelsea,  aged 
€0,  Charles  Carey  Sumner,  esq. 

May  1 8.  In  Lower  Brook-st.  aged  85, 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  Thomas  Parry,  esq. 

At  Stockwell,  aged  44,  Mr.  J.  T. 
Haines,  of  the  English  Opera-House. 
He  was  the  aqthor  of  many  dramatic 
pieces  that  were  very  profitable  to  the 
▼ariotts  minor  theatres.  His  melodrama 
of  •*  My  Poll  and  My  Partner  Joe,^'  acted 
some  years  ago  at  the  Surrey  Theatre, 
under  the  management  of  the  late  Mr. 
Davidge,  yielded  a  profit  of  4000/.  He 
was  the  stage  manager  of  the  English 
Oper^-house  at  the  time  of  his  decease. 

In  Fitzroy-st.  aged  76,  Eliza  Ann,  re- 
lict of  John  Ross,  esq.  late  of  Jamaica. 

May  19,  At  Kentish-town,  Miss  Su- 
sanna Stanley,  niece  of  Lady  Blizard. 

In  Upper  Belgrave-pl.  aged  65,  Charles 
James  Apperley,  esq.  the  well-known 
sporting  writer  under  the  signature  of 
''  Nimrodi"  and  second  son  of  the  late 
Thomas  Apperley,  esq.  of  Wootton-hpuse, 
Gloucestershire. 

May  SO.  At  groom's  Hill,  Black* 
heath,  aged  84,  Mary  Hyde,  widow  of 
the  Rev.  William  Pancjieny  late  Rector 
of  St.  Mary's,  Huntingdon,  and  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Francis  Wollas- 
toiiy  ^ctor  of  Chiselhurst,  Kent. 

At  Rosslyn  House,  Hampstead  Road, 
aged  53,  Lady  Colville,  relict  of  Gen.  the 
Hon.  Sir  Charles  Colville,  G.C.B.  Her 
death  was  caused  by  her  dothes  catching 
txt  whilst  in  her  drawing-room  on  the 


day  previous.  She  was  Jane,  eldest 
daughter  of  the  late  William  Mure,  esq. 
was  married  in  1818,  and  left  a  widow  in 
the  27th  March  last,  (see  the  memoir  of 
Sir  Charles  Colville  in  our  May  number, 
p.  532.) 

At  Hozton,  aged  48,  Elizabeth,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Mr.  Nathaniel  Catherwood. 

May  21.  In  New  Burlington-st.  in 
consequence  of  falling  from  thebannisters, 
Ernest,  youngest  son  of  Richard  Bentley, 
esq.  bookseller  to  her  Majesty. 

At  Kensington,  aged  55,  Lieut.-Col. 
Henry  Herbert  Manners,  K.H.  late  37th 
Reg.  He  was  appointed  2d  Lieut.  1 807 ; 
Lieut.  180.9 ;  Captain  1819  ;  Major  1825  ; 
brevet  Lieut. -Colonel  1838.  He  served 
in  the  Peninsular  war. 

At  Clapham,  aged  16 ^  Mary,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  William  Foster. 

In  Charlotte-st.  Bedford-sq.  John  Jor- 
tin,  esq.  one  of  the  Directors  of  the  Lon- 
don Life  Association. 

In  Cork-st.  Burlington-Gardens,  Rich- 
ard Stonier  Gamon,  esq.  Assistant  Com- 
missary. Gen.  to  the  Forces ;  son  of  the 
late  Rev.  William  Gamon,  Rector  of 
Bramdean,  Hants,  and  of  Ham,  Suffolk. 

In  Albany-st.  Regent's  Park,  Mrs. 
Deane  F.  Walker. 

May  22.  At  Clapham  Common,  Tho- 
mas Adlington,  esq.  late  of  the  firm  of 
Adlington,  Gregory,  Faulkner,  and  Fol- 
lett,  solicitors,  of  Bedford-row,  London. 

In  Church-st.  St.  John's,  Westminster, 
John  F.  A.  Wadman,  esq. 

May  23.  Aged  17,  Elizabeth  Water- 
fall, eldest  dau.  of  John  Linneti  esq.  Ar- 
gyll-place. 

At  Merchant  Tailors'  School,  Charles, 
youngest  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Bellamy. 

Emma,  wife  of  C.  F.  Futvoye,  esq.  of 
Gray's-inn-terr.  Gray*s-inn-lane. 

Aged  46,  Frederick  Tyrrell,  esq.  the 
very  eminent  surgeon  and  oculist.  He 
was  one  of  the  surgeons  of  St.  Thomas's 
Hospital.  Mr.  Tyrrell  was  one  of  t)ie 
sons  of  the  late  Timothy  Tyrrell,  esq. 
city  ren)en)brancer,  and  grandson  of  the 
late  John  Dolloi^d,  esq.  of  St.  Paulas 
Church-yard. 

Capt.  Lancey,  retired  full  pay  of  the 
Royal  Engineers. 

At  her  residence  in  Harley-st.  the 
Dowager  Viscountess  Anson. 

May  25.  Aged  23,  Louisa  Adelaide, 
eldest  surviving  dau.  of  James  F.  Saun- 
ders, esq. 

In  Leicester-pl.  aged  79,  William  Clif- 
ton, esq. 

In  Great  Porthind-st.  aged  74,  John 
Bowring,  esq. 

May  26.  Anna  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of 
J.  Ireland  Blackbume,  esq.  M.P. 

At  Endflleighfat.  Tavistock-«q.  ag9d709 


104 


Obituary. 


Anna  Maria,  relict  of  John  Horner,  esq. 
of  Grove  Hill,  CamJberwell. 

May  S7t  At  Pimlico,  Mary  Anne, 
jotingest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  William 
namphry.  Vicar  of  Seal,  Kent. 

In  Gloucester-pl.  Kentish  Town,  aged 
SI,  Fanny  Henrietta,  only  child  of  Henry 
Schultes,  esq. 

At  Blackheath,  aged  33,  Charles  Parr 
Montagu,  esq.  son  of  Basil  Montagu,  esq. 

May  28.  At  Brompton,  aged  63,  Percy 
Farren,  esq.  brother  to  Mr.  William  Far> 
ren,  of  the  Haymarket.  He  was  stage 
manager  of  the  Brunswick  theatre,  near 
Goodman's-fields,  at  the  period  of  its  de- 
struction in  1826.  He  was  also  stage 
manager  under  the  late  Mr.  Morris,  at 
the  Haymarket. 

In  Coldharbour-lane,  Camberwell,  Ly- 
dia,  relict  of  Joseph  Harvey,  of  Grace- 
church-st.  bookseller. 

In  Brompton-sq.  Anne,  wife  of  Sir 
James  Wellwood  Moncrieff,  Bart.  She 
was  the  dau.  of  Capt.  George  Robertson, 
R.N. ;  was  married  in  1808,  and  leaves 
issue. 

May  29.  At  the  Royal  Hospital,  Chel- 
sea, Elizabeth,  wife  of  Lt.-Col.  Le  Blanc. 

Afay  30.  In  Harley-st.  aged- 75,  Mary 
Bridget  Lady  Petre,  relict  of  Robert-Ed- 
ward 10th  Lord  Petre.  She  was  the  eldest 
dau.  of  Henry  Howard,  esq.  and  sister  of 
the  late,  and  aunt  to  the  present,  Duke  of 
Norfolk.  Her  Ladyship  married,  1786, 
the  late  Lord  Petre,  by  whom  she  had 
thirteen  children,  eight  of  whom  are  living. 

May  31.  At  Greenwich,  aged  71,  John 
Carttar,  esq. 

Lately.  At  the  house  of  her  son  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Stebbing,  aged  83,  Mrs.  Mary 
Stebbing. 

At  Brompton,. aged  23,  Henry  Thomas 
Sannemann,  esq.  of  Lincoln  Coll.  Oxford. 

June  1.  In  Chester-sq.  Pimlico,  aged 
3S,  Edward  William  Brightman,  esq. 

Jfn  King. St.  St.  James's,  aged  51,  Ben- 
jamin Davies,  esq. 

In  York-pl.  aged  82,  Miss  Sainsbury. 

jHn9  "i.  Aged  21,  Miss  Jessie  Emma 
Rayment,  niece  of  Mr.  Frederick  John 
Taylor,  of  Wilson-st.  Gray*s-inn-road.  and 
youni^jit  dau.  of  the  late  D.  W.  Rayment, 
»»y.  «ttUt?itor. 

Xl  UheUeti,  ag«d  62,  Ashbumham  Bui- 
l«yi  f»iiq.  Chief  Clerk  of  Her  Mi^esty's 

%hm^  v1,  U\  Uppar  Harky-at.  aged  74, 
ftamut»)  ))ufi<«H^u«ti  ^*^.  (it  Dingeatow 
^mvU  h^^mwrntmu  and  Fi^reat  House, 

MtmvWt  wM^w  ^^f  %\^^  Haa^  CWlaa  S. 
m\\^  }^m^  Awariivii  M^wM  <MP  t)^a 


[July, 

In  London,  Thomas  Cosway,  esq.  of 
Tiverton. 

In  Bedford-sq.  Amelia,  relict  of  Charles 
Warren,  esq.  Chief  Justice  of  Chester. 

Aged  57,  Samuel  Mitan,  esq.  of  the 
Polygon,  Somers  Town. 

Maria,  youngest  dau.  of  William  Fox, 
esq.  of  Chester-ter.  Regent's  Park. 

June  4.  Aged  38,  William  Bertram 
Bishop,  esq.  solicitor,  of  the  firm  of  Hall, 
Bishop,  and  Mourilyan,  of  Verulam-build* 
ings,  Gray's-inn. 

June  6.  Aged  85,  Thomas  Bagnall,  esq. 
of  Barnsbury  Park,  Islington. 

In  Upper  Gower-st  Martha,  wife  of 
William  Northage,  esq. 

At  Clapham,  aged  65,  Ann,  wife  of 
Greorge  Heathcote,  esq. 

In  Torrington-sq.  aged  71,  E.  A.Whyte, 
esq.  He  committed  self-destruction  by 
hanging  himself.  He  possessed  large 
landed  estates,  and  had  resided  in  the 
square  many  years. 

June  8.  At  his  residence,  Burton-cresc. 
aged  36,  Mr.  H.  Younge,  of  Drury-lane 
Theatre.  He  enjoyed  considerable  repu- 
tation in  pantomime  and  spectacle  writing 
for  the  theatres  royal,  and  few  men  have 
contributed  more  to  the  stock  of  harmless 
amusement  during  the  last  ten  years.  His 
pantomimes  of  **  Harlequin  Guy  Fawkes,*' 
"Georgy  Barnewell,*'  "Great  Bed  of 
Ware,"  "  Duke  Humphrey,'*  &c.  will  be 
long  remembered  by  the  juvenile  frequent- 
ers of  the  theatres. 

Ann,  wife  of  Richard  Knight,  esq.  of 
Tavistock -sq. 

At  Thistle  Grove,  Old  Brompton,  aged 
56,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  James  Lockhart, 
esq.  of  Lanhams,  Essex. 

Aged  72,  John  Windus,  esq.  First 
Secondary  of  her  Majesty's  Court  of  Ex- 
chequer. 

In  St.  Martin's  parish,  Westminster, 
Capt.  Thomas  Meldrum,  half-pay  96th 
Regt.  formerly  of  the  2d  Foot. 

June  9.  In  Holles-pl.  Abel  Adolphus, 
esq. 

June  10.  At  Westcombe  Park,  Green- 
wich,  aged  68,  Thomas  Brockelbank,  esq. 
He  had  been  all  hia  life  engaged  in  active 
business  as  a  lightarman,  barge-owner, 
timber-merchant,  and  Ustly,  as  managing 
director  of  the  Oieneral  Steam  Navigation 
CompanT,  a  situation  of  great  respoosibi. 
lity.  His  nractical  knowledge  of  the 
navifation  of  the  river,  and  of  everything 
coaneoted  with  nautieal  matters,  was  of 
great  serYloe  to  the  Comuany,  and  he 
»ave<A  them  many  thousands  in  avoiding 
Utls«tiea«  He  had  amassed  a  large  for- 
l«ae,  and  has  left  a  nnmerons  lamUr  to 
inherit  it,  • 

^ae  n ,  In  Che«t«r«t«nM«,  Resent^s 
IVrIi,  aged  47,  Giittth   Rkhar^  e«|. 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


105 


M.A.  one  of  her  Majesty's  counsel.  He 
was  the  fifth  son  of  the  late  Sir  Richard 
Richards,  knt.  Chief  Baron  of  the  Ex- 
chequer. He  was  called  to  the  bar  at  the 
Inner  Temple  Nov.  24  f  1820,  practised 
as  an  eqoity  draftsman,  and  was  formerly 
a  Commissioner  of  Bankrupts. 

In  Grosvenor-pl.  aged  35,  Fortescue, 
eldest  son  of  T.  S.  Horner,  esq.  of  Mells 
Park,  Somerset. 

In  Manchester-sq.  Capt.  Arthur  James 
Caldwell,  only  son  of  Major-Gen.  Sir 
James  Caldwell,  K.C.B. 

June  12.  At  Chelsea,  aged  18,  Eliza- 
beth Ann  Phillips,  late  of  Guildford. 

In  Harley-st.  Cavendish-sq.  aged  80, 
Meliora,  wife  of  Deliverance  Dacre,  Esq. 

June  14.  In  Stratton-st.  Piccadilly, 
aged  87,  Anna,  widow  of  Samuel  Pepys 
Cockerell,  esq.  of  Westbourne  Green. 

Aged  54,  Margaret,  wife  of  Daniel 
Dixon,  esq.  of  Mark-lane. 

In  Wilmington -sq.  Sarah,  widow  of 
Nathaniel  Keantish,  esq.  of  Sandy  River, 
Clarendon,  Jamaica. 

In  Grosvenor-pl.  aged  20,  Sarah  Ellen, 
second  dau.  of  Charles  Allen  Young,  esq. 

June  16.  Louisa  Rachael,  second  dau. 
of  Thomas  De  la  Rue,  esq.  of  Bunhill- 
row. 


Beds. — May  16.  At  Copt  Hall,  near 
liuton,  eiffed  65,  Miss  Isabella  M'Douall, 
younger  dau.  of  the  late  John  M'Douall, 
esq.  of  Glasgow,  younger  brother  of  the 
late  Patrick  M'Douall  Crichton,  fifth  Earl 
of  Dumfries. 

May  24.  At  AmpthiU,  aged  79,  Samuel 
Davis,  esq. 

June  7.  At  her  house.  Linden,  Ever- 
sholt,  aged  66,  Miss  Lucy  Monoux,  young- 
est dau.  of  Sir  Philip  Monoux,  the  5th 
BsUrt.  of  Wootton,  and  of  Sandy,  same 
county,  on  the  death  of  whose  son,  in  1809, 
the  title  devolved  on  the  Rev.  Philip  Mo- 
noux of  Sandy,  who  died  in  1814,  when  the 
Baronetcy  became  extinct  The  loss  of 
this  lady  will  be  severely  felt  by  the  in- 
habitants of  this  agricultural  village ;  she 
employed  several  in.  the  improvement  of 
her  grounds,  besides  affording  charitable 
assistance  to  many  of  her  poor  neighbours.  ^ 
To  her  benevolence  the  parish  is  indebted 
for  the  establishment  of  a  coal  and  cloth- 
ing club  ;  and  to  her  exertions  it  is  mainly 
owing  that  the  school  now  erected  on 
ground  given  by  her  for  that  purpose  was 
built.  Her  estates  are  left,  after  the  death 
of  two  ladies  to  whom  she  was  much  at- 
tached, to  the  Honourable  George  Ong- 
ley,  brother  of  Lord  Ongley,  of  Old  War- 
den, in  the  same  county. 

Berks. — May  27.  At  Wantage,  aged 
7Sy  Mr.  John  Davis,  late  Superintendent 
of  the  ReHgious  Tract  Society. 

Gbnt.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


May  31.  In  Park-st.  Windsor,  Aged 
92,  Sarah,  widow  of  George  Clode,  escj. 

Lately,  At  Bradfield-place,  near  Read- 
ing, aged  61,  Lt.-Gen.  John  Le  Mesurier. 
He  entered  the  service  in  Aug.  1794,  and 
served  in  the  89th  Foot ;  was  made  Major 
17th  Foot  1802;  he  took  his  rank  of 
Lieut.-Col.  by  brevet,  in  July,  1810,  and 
that  of  Colonel  in  Aug.  1819 ;  his  last 
commission,  that  of  Lieut. -General,  is 
dated  Nov.  1841.  He  was  on  half-pay 
of  the  17th  Foot. 

Lately,  At  Reading,  aged  75,  Mr. 
John  Piercy,  formerly  of  St.  James's; 
Westminster. 

June  11.  At  his  residence  in  the 
Upper  Foundation,  Windsor  Castle,  aged 
59,  Capt.  J.  J.  Cumming,  an  old  and  de- 
serving officer.  He  served  many  years  on 
the  Staff  in  the  West  Indies,  and  suc- 
ceeded the  late  Col.  Bassett,  in  1842,  iii 
the  appointment  of  Governor  of  the  Mi- 
litary Knights  of  Windsor.  He  has  left 
a  widow  and  also  two  sons  and  three 
daughters,  and  was  buried  in  St.  George's 
Chapel  with  military  honours. 

Bucks. — June  15.  At  Chenies,  Har- 
riet Lucy,  wife  of  Frederick  Augustus 
Hyde. 

Cambridge. — June  1.  Aged  28j  Tho- 
mas Oslar,  esq.  of  Fulboum. 

June  8.  At  Landbeach  rectory,  Maria 
Sarah,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  L. 
Addison,  of  Saxthorpe. 

Cheshire .-r-Afay  22.  At  her  resi- 
dence, Greenfield,  in  Thelwall,  in  the  66th 
year  of  her  age,  Anne,  widow  of  the  late 
James  Stanton,  esq.  (whose  death  we  no- 
ticed in  our  Obituary  for  March,  1842  ; 
see  vol.  XVII.  N.  S.  p.  338.)  Mrs. 
Stanton  was  daughter  of  John  Harrison, 
esq.  of  Derby,  and  sister  of  the  present 
John  Harrison,  esq.  of  Snelston  Hall,  in 
that  county.  She  has  left  surviving  issue 
James,  now  of  Greenfield;  Henry,  of  War- 
rington, a  magistrate  for  the  county  of 
Lancaster  ;  and  Margaret.  For  some  timd 
past  Mrs.  Stanton  had  been  in  declining 
health,  and  since  the  decease  of  her  hus- 
band in  December  1841  she  was  almost 
entirely  confined  to  the  house. 

June  7.  Aged  72,  William  Twemlow; 
esq.   of  Northwich  and   Hatherton,  sur- 

?3on,  second  son  of  the  late  William  and 
hebe  Twemlow,  of  the  latter  place.  He 
practised  the  healing  art  in  Northwich 
with  credit  to  himself  and  advantage  to 
his  patients,  for  the  long  period  of  fifty 
years,  and  closed  his  earthly  career 
amidst  the  grief  and  regret  of  an  exten- 
sive circle  of  acquaintance.  He  was  in- 
terred in  the  family  vault  at  Wybunbury. 
Cumberland. — May  14.  Aged  63^ 
Sarah  Penelope,  relict  of  JohnTotnlinsoiiy 
esq.  of  Briseo  HiU,  and  Btetfcbgo^ 


106 


Obituary. 


tJuly, 


At  St.  Bees  college,  aged  23,  James, 
eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  James  Coats,  Per- 
petual Curate  of  Chelmorton  and  Sheldon, 
Derbyshire. 

Derby. — May  11.  In  Derby,  aged  65, 
Joseph  Talbot,  esq.  formerly  of  the  Stock 
Exchange. 

Devon. — May  15.  At  Lympstone, 
James  West,  esq.  youngest  son  of  the 
late  Lieut. -Col.  James  West,  Royal  Art. 

May  25.  At  his  residence.  Marine- 
place,  Plymouth,  J.  Broderick,  esq. 

May  26.  At  Exeter,  Mary,  wife  of 
Henry  Leslie  Grove,  esq. 

May  29.  At  Exeter,  aged  97 »  Benjamin 
Walkey,  esq. 

June  I.  At  Hayes,  Broadclist,  aged  69, 
Mark  Ayshford,  esq. . 

June  2.  Philip  Gould  Whitlock,  esq. 
Burgeon,  late  of  Sidmouth,  and  fifth  son 
of  the  late  George  Whitlock,  esq.  of 
Heavitree. 

June  5.  At  Torquay,  Caroline,  wife  of 
John  Sillifant,  jun.  esq.  of  Coombe. 

June  6.  At  the  Royal  Dockyard,  De- 
vonport,  Maria  Antonia,  second  dau.  of 
Dr.  Tobin,  of  Brussels. 

June  9.  At  Sadborow  house.  Thorn- 
combe,  aged  80,  John  Bragge,  esq. 

At  Torquay,  John  N.  Smart,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Bristol 

June  14.  At  Ilfracombe,  aged  80, 
Mary,  relict  of  the  Rev.  J.  Blackmore, 
Rector  of  Combmartin. 

June  15.  At  Tiverton,  aged  46,  T. 
Leaman,  esq.  late  Mayor,  and  one  of  the 
Councillors  of  Castle  Ward. 

Dorset. — May  21.  At  Weymouth, 
Sarah,  widow  of  W.  Drayton,  esq. 

June  9.  At  Abbotsbury  Castle,  Ge- 
nldine  Margaret,  youngest  dau.  of  Ed- 
ward St.  Vincent  Digby,  esq.  and  grand- 
dau.  of  the  Earl  of  Ilchester. 

Durham. — May  25.  At  Darlington, 
aged  39y  Christopher  Wetherell,  esq.  so- 
licitor. He  was  6  feet  2  in.  high,  and 
weighed  upwards  of  30  stone.  His  coffin 
was  7  feet  6  in.  long,  2  feet  5  in.  deep, 
and  measured  3  feet  2  in.  across  the 
breast.  The  weight  of  the  corpse  and 
coffin  was  58  stone,  the  depth  of  the  grave 
10  feet,  the  length  9  feet.  In  order  to 
remove  this  immense  burden  to  the  tomb 
it  was  found  necessary  to  take  out  of  the 
deceased's  house  a  large  bow  window,  and 
the  coffin  was  placed  on  a  platform, 
mounted  on  the  springs  and  axles  of  his 
own  carriage. 

Essex. — April  14.  Aged  22,  a 
daughter  of  R.  Moorhouse,  esq.  one  of 
the  magistrates  for  Essex,  residing  at 
Trincomalee  Villa,  near  Romford.  She 
was  betrothed  to  Mr.  Mather,  of  Antigua. 
Since  the  earthquake  there,  by  which  that 
gentlenvan's  property  was  almost  entirely 


destroyed,  she  had  become  dejected,  and 
was  found  drowned  in  a  cistern  of  water 
at  the  back  of  the  house. 

May  13.  Aged  71,  William  Freeborne, 
esq.  of  Mistley. 

May  19.  At  Colchester,  aged  75, 
Charles  Thorley,  esq.  Capt.  in  the  East 
Essex  Militia. 

At  St.  James's  rectory,  Colchester, 
aged  48,  Anne,  wife  of  the  Rev.  M.  Sea- 
man, D.D. 

June  7*  At  Rochford  hall,  aged  62, 
Ann,  wife  of  John  Lodwick,  esq. 

At  Bocking  End,  near  Braintree,  aged 
54,  Martha,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Alexander 
Fletcher. 

June  8.  Frances,  wife  of  R.  C.  Ha* 
selfoot,  esq.  of  Boreham. 

June  13.  At  the  Convent,  New  Hall, 
near  Boreham,  aged  72,  Elizabeth  Mary 
Regis,  eldest  dau.  of  Sir  Robert  Gerard,  of 
Garswood,  a  professed  Nun  of  the  Order 
of  Sepulchrines  53  years,  and  Prioress  of 
the  Convent  for  27  years. 

Gloucester.  —  May  2.  At  Clifton, 
aged  83,  Lieut. -General  Thomas  Foster. 
He  was  appointed  Ensign  1795,  Lieut. 
1796,  Comet  First  Dragoon  Guards  1798, 
Lieut.  1800,  Capt-Lieut.  1801,  Major 
h.  p.  York  Hussars  1802 ;  Lieut. -Colonel 
1810;  Major  3rd  Garrison  Battalion  1815, 
Colonel  1819,  Major-General  1830,  and 
Lieut. -General  1841.  During  the  war  he 
was  employed  as  an  Assistant  Adjutant- 
general  on  the  home  staff. 

Lately.  At  Bristol,  Job  Harril,  esq. 
He  has  made  the  following  bequests  to 
charitable  institutions.  To  the  Bristol 
Orphan  Society,  contingent  on  the  death 
of  an  elderly  person,  400/. ;  to  poor  men 
and  women  in  Temple  parish  the  interest 
of  200/.  for  ever ;  to  the  Bristol  Infirmary, 
100/.  ;  to  the  Bristol  General  Hospital, 
100/. ;  and  to  the  Bristol  Strangers' 
Friend  Society,  100/. 

At  Bredon  house,  near  Tewkesbury,  the 
relict  of  George  Strickland,  esq. 

At  Cheltenham,  aged  64,  the  relict  of 
David  Kennedy,  esq. 

At  Newland,  aged  42,  Capt.  William 
Henry  Rogers,  late  of  the  58th  Inf. 
'     At  Cheltenham,  at  an  advanced  age, 
Thomas  Scott,  esq.  cousin  to  the  Earl  of 
Clonmel. 

June  4.  Aged  23,  Sarah  Anne,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  C.  E.  Birt,  of  Bristol ; 
and  on  the  15/A  Marcht  on  board  the  Su- 
matra, on  his  voyage  to  Ceylon,  his  son, 
the  Rev.  O.  J.  Birt,  of  the  Baptist  Mis- 
sion. 

June  5.  At  Clifton,  Eliza,  widow  of 
Major-Gen.  Sir  Amos  Norcott,  C.B. 

June  7.  At  Clifton,  Blanche  Bridget, 
widow  of  John  Digby  Newbolt,  esq.  of 
the  Hon.  E.I.C.  Civil  Service  at  Madras. 


1843.] 


Obituaey. 


107 


Julia,  wife  of  Thomas  Henry  Sealy,  esq. 
of  Kingsdown,  Bristol. 

June  11,  At  Cirencester,  wife  of  Ed- 
ward Cripps,  esq. 

Hants. — May  14.  At  Redbridge, 
Walter  Morrice,  esq. 

Atay  18.  At  Little  Green,  near  Gos- 
porty  Daniel  Quarrier,  esq.  M.D.  Inspec- 
tor of  Fleets  and  Hospitals,  a  Deputy- 
Lieut,  of  the  County,  and  an  active  Ma- 
gistrate. His  body  was  interred  at  Steep 
near  Petersfield. 

At  Twyford,  near  Winchester,  aged  89, 
the  wife  of  the  Rev.  George  Coze,  rector 
of  St.  Michael's,  Winton,  and  mother 
of  the  late  Gen.  Sir  James  Lyon,  G.C.B. 

Lately.  At  Winton,  aged  86,  Mrs.  Jane 
Warton,  of  Morley's  College,  relict  of 
the  Rev.  Joseph  Warton,  Rector  of  Tun- 
worth,  near  Basingstoke. 

June  4.  At  Romsey,  aged  29,  Sabina 
Mary,  wife  of  Charles  John  Tylee,  esq. 

June  5.  Near  Gosport,  Lionel  Her- 
vey,  esq. 

June  6.  At  the  Priory,  I.  W.  aged  75, 
Edward  Grose  Smith,  esq. 

Hereford. — May  27.  At  Hennor 
House,  Leominster,  the  wife  of  Capt. 
Wheeley. 

Lately,  Aged  27,  John-Havard,  eldest 
son  of  William  Havard  Apperley,  esq.  of 
Withington,  near  Hereford. 

At  Ledbury,  aged  12,  William  Henry, 
second  son  of  William  Dugmore,  esq. 
barrister-at-law. 

Hunts.— -/Way 8.  At  Kimbolton,  Lucy, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Charles  Blood- 
worth,  esq. 

Kent. — May  16.  At  Deal,  on  her 
birthday,  Martha,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
William  Hulke,  esq.  M.D.  of  that  town. 

At  Sevenoaks,  aged  81,  Charles  Willard, 
esq.  Clerk  of  the  Peace  for  Kent. 

May  24.  At  Sandgate,  aged  20,  Mary 
Frances,  dau.  of  Francis  Turner,  esq.  of 
Queen-sq.  Westminster. 

May  25.  At  Lamberhurst,  Lydia 
Catharine,  wife  of  William  Alexander 
Morland,  esq.  of  Court  Lodge,  and  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  James  Marriott, 
LL.D.  Rector  of  Horsemondeo. 

May  29.  At  Ashford,  aged  83,  Peter 
Dobree,  esq.  third  son  of  the  late  Peter 
Dobree,  esq*  of  Beauregard,  Guernsey. 

May  3 1 .  Aged 46,  Major  Henry  Knight, 
late  of  the  8th  Hussars,  son  of  Edward 
Knight,  esq.  of  Godmersham  Park. 

June  5.  At  Rochester,  David  Hermi- 
tage Day,  esq.  banker,  and  Justice  of  the 
Peace  for  Kent. 

June  6.  At  Lewisham,  aged  73,  John 
Penn,  esq.  one  of  the  firm  of  Penn  and 
Co.  civil  engineers,  at  Greenwich.  His 
death  was  caused  by  ossification  of  the 
heart;  and  a  verdict  to  that  effect  was 


returned.  He  was  highly  respected  in 
Greenwich,  where  he  had  an  extensive 
manufactory  of  steam-engines,  particu- 
larly for  steam-vessels. 

June  8.  Ann,  relict  of  Robert  Wis* 
sett,  esq.  of  Forest  Hill. 

June  12,  At  Woolwich  Common,  Lady 
Savage,  relict  of  Major- Gen.  Sir  John 
Boscawen  Savage,  K.C.B.  K.C.H.  having 
survived  him  only  three  months  (see  our 
May  number,  p.  534.) 

At  Forest  Hill,  aged  69,  John  Howe, 
esq.  of  St.  Dunstan's-hill. 

June  15.  Aged  91,  Thomas  Lewin, 
esq.  of  the  Hollies. 

Leicester.  —  May  4,  At  Melton 
Mowbray,  aged  78,  CbArles  Latham,  gent. 

May  21.  Aged  70,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Wm.  Foster,  Vicar  of  Ashby  Fol- 
ville. 

Middlesex. — May  18.  At  Finchley, 
Charles  Ventris  Field,  esq.  surgeon,  of 
Rotherhithe,  Surrey,  and  eldest  son  of 
the  late  Charles  Ventris  Field,  esq. 

May  19.  Sarah,  relict  of  Charles  Tur- 
ner, esq.  of  Han  well  Park.  She  survived 
her  husband  only  two  months.  See  our 
Magazine  for  May,  p.  550. 

May  21.  At  Sunbury,  aged  61,  Kil- 
lingworth  Richard  Hedges,  esq. 

May  24.  At  Winchmore  Hill,  aged  75, 
Richard  Child,  esq. 

May  27.  At  Twickenham,  aged  60, 
John  Hovenden  Alley,  esq.  barrister-at- 
law.  He  died  so  suddenly  that  a  coro- 
ner's inquest  was  held  on  his  body,  which 
returned  for  their  verdict.  Natural  Death. 
He  was  called  to  the  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn, 
Nov.  25,  1815,  and  practised  as  a  special 
pleader,  and  in  the  Home  Circuit. 

May  31.  At  Whitton,  aged  65,  Benja- 
min Gostling,  esq. 

June  10.  At  Sutton,  Hounslow,  aged 
83,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Mr.  W.  Martin- 
son,  of  Davies-st.  Berkeley-sq. 

Monmouth.  —  Lately,  At  Pant-y- 
Goitre  House,  William  Morgan,  esq.  only 
surviving  son  of  the  late  John  Morgan, 
esq.  of  Graigwith  House. 

Norfolk. — April  10.  At  Norwich, 
aged  69,  Mr.  J.  T.  Patience,  architect 
and  surveyor,  who  had  filled  the  office  of 
City  Surveyor  since  1836,  and  formerly 
of  Bury  St.  Edmund's. 

April  19.  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Thomas 
Cooke,  esq.  of  Bergh  Apton. 

May  6.  Aged  38,  Elizabeth,  wife  of 
Christopher  Carter,  esq.  of  Wiggenhall 
St.  Germans,  near  Lynn. 

May  15.  Aged  28,  Nicholas  Henry, 
yoimgest  son  of  Sir  Edmund  Bacon,  Bart« 
of  Heveningham  Hall. 

May  24.  Horatio-Pettus,  youngest 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  Robert  f  i^kJin,  Rcc* 
tor  of  Crostwick. 


1^ 


ObitPABT. 


[Jojy, 


May  25.  At  his  birth-place,  Fincham, 
aged  86,  Wm.  Corston,  esq.  The  greater 
f^art  of  his  active  life  was  passed  in  thi^ 
pursuits  of  trade  in  Ludgate-st.,  and  he 
was  the  early  friend  and  associate  of 
Joseph  Lancaster,  whose  success  in  pro- 
moting the  cause  of  national  education  is 
mainly  to  be  attributed  to  his  zealous  co- 
operation. 

May  2G.  At  Wilton,  aged  83,  William 
Seagrim,  esq. 

May  28.  Aged  44,  Mary  Anne,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  William  Abbot,  Rector  of 
Horstead  and  Coltishall. 

Lately,  At  Stoke  Ferry,  aged  74, 
Anthony  Etheridge,  gent. 

Notts. — May  19.  At  Gonalston,  aged 
72,  Richard  Francklin,  esq. 

Northumberland.  —  May  18.  At 
Bensham,  near  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  aged 
31,  Francis  William  Stanley,  esq.,  son  of 
the  late  William  Stanley,  esq.  of  Mary- 
land Point,  Essex. 

Lately.  At  Bedlington,  near  Morpeth, 
aged  96,  Mrs.  Ann  Craster.  It  is  a  sin- 
gular fact  that  she  never,  during  her 
long  life,  partook  of  tea  or  coffee. 

Oxford. — MarchA.  AtThame, Frances, 
wife  of  Mr.  John  Thorpe,  and  dau.  of  the 
late  Rev.  William  Perkins,  Incumbent  of 
Twyford,  Bucks,  Vicarof  Kingsbury,  Som. 
and  Chaplain  in  Ordinary  to  the  King. 

May  18.  At  Exeter  college,  Oxford, 
aged  21,  Mr.  T.  W.  Bartley,  only  son  of 
Mr.  Bartley,  of  Covent-garden  theatre. 

May  23.  Catharine  Anne,  only  child 
of  the  Rev.  John  Holland,  Vicar  of  Aston 
Rowant. 

June  12,  Aged  26,  George,  only  son 
of  James  Rose,  esq.  solicitor,  Bampton. 

Rutland. — Lately,  At  Uppingham, 
Harriet,  wife  of  the  Rev.  William  Turner. 

June  13.  At  Lyndon  Hall,  aged  48, 
Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Samuel 
Barker,  esq. 

Salop. — May  18.  At  Shrewsbury, 
Mrs.  Clarke,  widow  of  Joseph  Clarke, 
esq.  of  Pall  Mall,  banker. 

Somerset. — May  12.  At  Bath,  Mary, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  John  Orfear  Yates, 
esq.  of  Skirwith  Abbey,  and  sister  to  the 
late  Francis  Aglionby,  esq.  of  Nunnery, 
M.P.  for  East  Cumberland. 

May  16.  At  Bath,  aged  66,  Edward 
Langford,  esq.  formerly  of  49th  Reg. 

May  17.  At  Bath,  aged  82,  Anne 
Maria,  widow  of  Robert  Gardiner,  esq. 
of  the  Madras  Civil  Service. 

May  21.  At  Taunton,  John  Clitsome, 
esq. 

Lately,  At  Bath,  aged  90,  Robert 
Falkner,  esq. 

Stafford. — June  1.  Aged  21,  Eliza 
Cruso,  third  dau.  of  Charles  Coupland, 
esq.  of  Leek. 


June  11.  At  Beacon  House,  Lichfield, 
Maryanne,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Very 
Rev.  Dr.  Woodhouse,  Dean  of  Lichfield. 

Suffolk. — May  10.  At  Southwold, 
aged  71,  Peregrine  Edwards,  esq. 

Surrey. — May  2.  At  Famham,  aged 
40,  Edwin  Marriott,  esq. 

May  16.  Aged  24,  Mary,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  James  Hamilton,  Rector  of  Bedding, 
ton,  and  eldest  dau.  of  John  Miles,  esq. 
West-end,  Hampstead. 

May  28.  At  Esher,  aged  67,  Miss 
Robinson,  late  of  Byfleet ;  youngest 
dau.  and  last  survivor  of  the  late  James 
Robinson,  esq.  merchant,  of  Bromley 
St.  Leonard's. 

Aged  51,  Elizabeth  Margaret,  wife 
of  Dr.  William  Chalmers,  of  Croy- 
don. 

May  30.  At  Letherhead,  Jane,  wife- 
of  Richard  Wyatt  Edgell,  esq. 

June  1.  At  Castelnau  Villas,  Barnes, 
aged  71,  William  Nicholson,  esq.  for- 
merly of  the  Chancery  Affidavit  Office, 
Symond*s-inn. 

June  5.  At  Petersham,  Susanna,  wi- 
dow of  the  R^v.  John  Griffiths,  D.D. 
formerly  Michel  Fellow  of  Queen's  CqU. 
and  late  Vicar  of  St.  Margaret's,  Ro- 
chester. 

Sussex. — March^^,  AtBroomham,aged 
74,  Sir  William  Ashburnhtim,  Bart.  He 
was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  William  the  fifth 
Bart,  by  Anne,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Francis 
Woodgate  of  Mountfield  in  Sussex,  and 
succeeded  his  father  Aug.  21,  1823.  He 
married  in  1825  Juliana,  third  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  William  Humphrey,  Rector 
of  Sele  and  Vicar  of  Kemsing,  Kent ;  but, 
having  died  without  issue,  is  succeeded 
by  his  next  brother  the  Rev.  John  Ash- 
burnham.  Chancellor  and  Prebendary  of 
Chichester. 

May  6.  At  Brighton,  aged  14,  Mary 
eldest  dau.  of  "ll^cho  Wing,  esq.  of 
Thomey  Abbey. 

May  15.  Aged  18,  Caroline,  third 
dau.  of  George  Barttelot,  esq.  of  Stop- 
ham  House. 

May  23 .  At  Brighton ,  aged  5 1 ,  Maria, 
wife  of  J.  Hosier  Lawson,  esq.  and  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Joseph  Wise, 
Vicar  of  Nevendon,  Essex. 

May  26.  At  Wadhurst  Castle,  aged 
78,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Anthony  Thacker, 
esq.  of  Upwell,  Norfolk. 

At  Worthing,  Ann,  relict  of  John 
Kemp,  esq.  late  of  Branches-park,  Cow- 
linge,  Suffolk,  and  of  Haling,  Surrey,  and 
Major  in  the  East  Essex  Militia. 

May  29.  At  Ditchling,  aged  73,  Lieut. 
Thomas  Cruse,  R.M« 

May  31.  At  Brighton,  aged  79,  Rich- 
ard Stringer,  esq.  late  of  Chilton,  and 
Long  Crendon,  Bucks. 


1S48.3 


Obituary* 


Jo  tbe  College  at  East  Orinstead,  aged 
86,  Mr.  Richard  Ever^lied,  much  noted 
as  a  player  of  cricket,  and  onQ  of  the 
eleven  when  the  celehrated  game  hetween 
Lingiield,  in  Surrey,  (with  one  of  the 
Duke  of  Dorset's  men  given,)  and  the  co. 
of  Sussex,  was  played  in  July,  1785,  both 
of  which  games  terminated  in  favour  of 
the  latter,  for  yrhich  he  played. 

Warwick. — May  23.  At  Leaming- 
ton, aged  60,  Maria,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
John  Mogridge,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Pershore. 

May  ^6.  At  Leamington,  in  her  13th 
year,  Enphemia-Anna,  eldest  dau.  of 
Lord  Dormer. 

Lately.  At  Leamington,  Mary  Ann, 
eldest  dau.  of  J.  I.  Blackbume,  esq.  M.P. 

June  2.  Mr.  'William  Perry,  formerly 
ai  bookseller  of  Warwick,  aged  74.  Se- 
veral years  ago  he  superintended  the  new 
flagging  of  the  streets  of  that  town*  and 
a  handsome  piece  of  plate  was  presented 
to  him  on  that  occasion,  as  an  acknow- 
ledgement of  his  services.  There  were 
nearly  1,200  persons  at  his  funeral. 

June  4.  At  Birmingham,  Elisabeth, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  John  Burbery, 
esq.  of  Kenilworth  Chase,  and  niece  of 
John  Jackson,  esq.  of  Wroxall. 

Westmoreland. — May  16.  At  Dal- 
lam Tower,  aged  30,  Sarah  Maria,  second 
dau.  of  George  Wilson,  esq. 

Wilts. — May  24.  At  Melksham,  aged 
78,  Maria,  widow  of  W.  T.  Simpson,  M.D. 

June  4.  At  the  Abbey  Brewery, 
Malmesbury,  W.  Ody,  esq.  jun. 

June  9.  At  Winterbourne  Dauntsey, 
aged  72,  James  Blatch,  esq. 

At  Fugglestone  St.  Peter,  aged  54, 
William  Woodcock,  esq. 

Worcester. — Lately,  At  Wribben- 
hall,  Bewdley,  aged  86,  Catharina,  dau. 
of  the  late  Rev.  George  Baker,  Rector  of 
Quenington,  Gloucestershire. 

York. — May  15.  At  York,  aged  83, 
Miss  Alicia  Rawdon. 

Aged  41,  Lieut.  Francis  Charles  Mayo, 
son  of  the  late  Dr.  Mayo,  of  Bridlington 
Quay. 

May  22.  Aged  55,  Maria  Anne,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Robert  Jackson,  Drypool. 

May  26.  At  Meadow-field  House, 
Whitby,  aged  49,  Thomas  Simpson,  esq. 
banker. 

May  28.  At  Conisborough,  aged  90, 
Anna  Maria,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Watkins,  Prebendary  of  York  and  South- 
well, Rector  of  Bambro*,  and  Vicar  of 
Conisbrough. 

June  1 .  At  Halsteads,  Jane,  widow  of 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Hammond  Fozcroft. 

June  4.  At  Bamingham,  aged  30, 
William  Jones  Hely  Hutchinson,  esq. 
eldest  son  of  the  Right  Hon.  Abraham 
Augustuft  Hcdy  HutcMnion,  of  Dublin* 


109 

June  12.  At  Nether  Hall,  Doncaster, 
Frances,  wife  qf  Lieut.- Gen.  Sir  FitzRoy 
Grafton  Maclean,  Bart,  and  third  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  Henry  Watkins,  of  Conis- 
brough. She  was  married  first  to  Henry 
Campion,  esq.  of  Mailing  Deanery,  Su9<> 
sex,  and  secondly,  in  1838,  to  Sir  F.  6« 
Maclean. 

Wales. — Lately,  At  Swansea,  aged 
85,  John  Chesshyre,  esq.  Vice- Admiral 
of  the  White.  He  was  made  Lieut*  1781  # 
Commander  1794,  and  Post  Captain  1799« 
He  commanded  the  Plover  sloop  of  waTf 
and  captured  the  Erin-go-brah  French 
privateer,  of  10  guns,  in  the  North  sea» 
Oct.  28,  1798.  During  part  of  the  war 
he  was  employed  in  the  Sea  Fencibles. 

At  Carmarthen,  aged  24,  Herbert, 
fourth  son  of  Capt.  John  George  Philipps, 
R.N.  and  magistrate  of  that  borough. 

At  Carmarthen,  aged  72,  Mr.  John 
Davies,  for  many  years  one  of  the  most 
leading  and  popular  auctioneers  in  the 
Principality. 

At  Fennoyre,  Breconshire,  the  seat  of 
his  nephew,  Lloyd  Vaughan  Watkins,  esq, 
aged  91,  George  Price  Watkins,  esq.  of 
Broadway,  Carmarthenshire. 

At  Brecon,  aged  75,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  Simon  Williams,  of  Tre- 
dustan. 

At  Tenby,  aged  23,  John  Breedon,  esq. 
eldest  son  of  the  late  John  Symonoi 
Breedon,  esq.  of  De  la  Bere,  Berks. 

At  St.  Helen's,  near  Swansea,  aged  77^ 
the  relict  of  Capt.  John  Jones,  R.N. 

June  6.  At  Calcot  Hall,  Flintsh.  aged 
18,  Mary  Catharine,  eldest  dau.  of  R.  J. 
Mostyn,  esq. 

Scotland.  —  May  19.  At  Wemyss 
Hall,  Fifeshire,  Margaret  Hunter,  wife  of 
Lieut.- Col.  William  Low,  Madras  Army. 

May  28.  At  Selkirk,  Margaret,  dan. 
of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Lawson. 

May  31.  At  Edinburgh,  Anna  Pri9<* 
cilia,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Jolm 
Blair,  Prebendary  of  Westminster. 

Lately.  At  Balcary,  in  the  stewartry 
of  Kirkcudbright,  aged  72,  James  Gor- 
don, esq.  of  Culvenpan,  the  senior  Re- 
tired Judge  of  the  late  Commissary  Court 
of  Edinburgh. 

Ireland.— Jlfay  5.  Aged  30,  Jojm 
Gatchell,  esq.  B.P.  of  Coolegegan,  Ireland. 
He  was  shot  dead  near  the  village  of  Clon- 
bulrogue,  whilst  proceeding  in  his  gig  to  % 
farm  about  three  miles  from  his  house. 
He  had  been  lately  appointed  a  magis- 
trate,  and  used  to  attend  the  petty  ses- 
sions there.  He  was  married  a  short 
time  and  had  one  child.  His  mother^ 
brother,  and  sister  lived  with  him. 

JBRSET.---4pn7  12.  At  Millbrook, 
aged  52,  Henry  Belfour,  esq.  Iftte  of  Not- 
ting  Hilly  Kensington. 


ii6 


Obituary. 


Isle  of  Man.— AfarcA  28.  At  Dou- 
glaSf  Henry»  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Horace  Suclding,  Rector  of  Bar- 
•bam,  Suffolk. 

East  Indies. — Jan,  12.  At  Calcutta, 
aged  29,  Lieut.  Henry  Paulett  Budd,  of 
the  17th  Regt.  of  Nat.  Inf.  second  son  of 
Edward  H.  Budd,  esq.  of  Elcombe  House, 
Wroughton,  Wilts. 

F«6.  26.  At  Ahmednuggur,  Lieut. 
Theophilus  William  Strachey,  of  the  29th 
Madras  Nat.  Inf.  eldest  son  of  Capt. 
Strachey,  R.N. 

March  11.  At  Nellor^,  while  proceed- 
ing with  the  40th  Regt.  to  join  his  corps. 
Ensign  P.  F.  Nicholson,  of  the  13th 
Regt.  Nat.  Inf.  son  of  George  Nicholson, 
esq.  of  Hertford,  and  of  Abingdon-st. 
Westminster. 

March  13.  At  Coimbatoor,  aged  21, 
Lieut.  Arthur  John  Patteson,  of  the  19th 
Na.  Inf.  third  son  of  Henry  Patteson,  esq, 
of  Woburn-pl.  Russell-sq. 

West  Indies. — Feb,  16.  At  Jamaica, 
John  Hercy  Shaw,  esq.  eldest  son  of  John 
Shaw,  esq.  of  Jersey. 

Abroad. — Oct,  1.  At  Wellington, 
Fort  Nicholson,  in  her  19th  year,  and  in 
her  confinement,  Caroline  Ellen,  wife  of 
Mr.  H.  S.  Tiffen,  of  the  Surveymg  Staff 
of  the  New  Zealand  Company;  the 
youngest  dau.  of  Capt.  Mark  White, 
R.N.  Hastings. 

Oct.  30.  In  the  Piraeus,  aged  35,  Mr. 
Mathewson  Corry,  Surgeon  of  H.M.S. 
''  Scout."  The  Hon.  Capt.  Drummond, 
and  other  officers  of  that  ship,  have 
erected  a  marble  tablet  to  his  memory  in 
the  Protestant  church  at  Athens. 

Nov»  20.  At  Hobart  Town,  aged  32, 
Theophilus  Swifte,  esq.  eldest  son  of 
Edmund  Lenthall  Swifte,  esq.  the  Keeper 
of  her  Majesty's  Jewel  House.  His  death 
was  occasioned  by  an  apothecary,  who 
Aegligently  administered  too  large  a  quan- 
tity of  laudanum. 

Nov,  26.  At  Launceston,  Van  Die- 
men's  Land,  aged  36,  Alfred  William, 
second  son  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Home, 
Rector  of  St.  Katharine  Coleman,  Fen- 
church-st. 

Dec,  7.  At  Sydney,  New  South  Wales, 
Capt.  George  Richards. 

Jan,  22.  At  Amoy,  after  two  days' 
illness,  on  board  H.M.S.  "Serpent," 
Lieut.  Edward  Meadows  Noble,  son  of 
Rear-Adm.  Noble. 

Jan.  31.  At  Copenhagen,  Prince  Frede- 
rick Augustus  Emilius  of  Schleswig  Hol- 
Stein  Sonderburg  Augustenburg. 

Feb,  28.  At  Boulogne -sur-Mer,  aged 
41,  St.  Andrew,  eldest  son  of  the  late  St. 
Andrew  St.  John,  esq.  of  Geyton  Place, 
Qzfordshire. 


tJuly. 

March  17.  At  Funchali  Madeira,  aged 
35,  J.  H.  Beale,  esq. 

At  Baltimore,  United  States,  aged  38, 
Philip  Thomas,  fifth  son  of  the  late  W. 
Dawson,  esq.  Wakefield,  Yorkshire. 

March  18.  At  Messina,  Sicily,  John 
Peter  Jordan  Cailler,  esq. 

March  19.  On  board  the  Cornwall 
transport,  on  his  passage  from  China  to 
England,  Lieut.  Thomas  Seccombe,  of 
H.M.  26th  Regt.  and  son  of  N.  Seccombe, 
esq.  of  Plymouth. 

March  21.  At  his  seat,  Eastwood, 
near  the  Tillage  of  Woodstock,  Canada, 
aged  64,  Rear  Admiral  Vansittart. 

March  22.  Laurence  Williams,  esq. 
of  Para,  Brazils,  late  partner  of  William 
Inglis  and  Co.  of  Philpot-lane,  London, 
and  the  firm  Inglis,  Williams,  and  Co. 
Para,  son  of  William  Williams,  esq.  of 
New  York,  America. 

April  7.  Lost,  on  his  voyage  to  the 
West  Indies,  in  the  Solway  steamer,  aged 
44,  Edward  B.  Haly,  esq.  formerly  of 
Barbadoes,  and  late  of  London. 

April  9.  At  Avranches,  in  France, 
Eleanor,  wife  of  Major  J.  K.  Clubley, 
Madras  Establishment. 

April  10.  At  Naples,  aged  44,  George 
Turnour,  esq.  Treasurer  and  Member  of 
Council  of  the  Royal  Government  of  Cey- 
lon ;  eldest  son  of  the  late  Hon.  George 
Turnour,  by  Emilia,  niece  of  the  Cardinal 
Due  de  Bausset. 

April  10.  At  Lisieux,  Normandy, 
France,  aged  73,  Capt.  John  Bower,  half, 
pay  of  45th  Foot. 

April  17.  At  Frankfort-on-the-Maine, 
aged  59,  Henrietta,  wife  of  John  F.  Nor- 
ris,e8q.  late  of  Nottingham.pl. 

April  21.  Count  Gilbert  de  Voisins. 
This  gentleman  was  Taglioni's  husband. 

At  Bourbourg,  France,  Thomas  Cuth. 
bert  Backhouse,  esq.  formerly  of  Cald- 
beck,  Cumberland. 

April  25 .  At  Cologne,  aged  35 ,  Fanny, 
wife  of  Capt.  John  Williams,  Royal  Eng. 

April  26.  At  Bagn^res  de  Bigorre, 
Pyrenees,  Sir  James  Nugent,  Bart,  of 
Ballinlough  Castle,  Ireland.  He  married 
in  1811  Susannah,  only  dau.  of  the  late 
Baron  d'Arabet;  but,  having  left  no 
issue,  is  succeeded  by  his  next  brother 
James. 

April  30.  At  Rome,  P.  W.  Barker, 
eldest  son  of  P.  Barker,  esq.  of  Whitby. 

Lately,  The  Countess  Onorina  de  Ville > 
neufre,  sister  of  the  Countess  of  Sur- 
villiers  (formerly  Queen  of  Spain)  and  of 
her  Majesty  the  present  Queen  of  Sweden. 
She  is  said  to  have  left  a  very  large  pro- 
perty to  Prince  Oscar  of  Sweden. 

At  St.  Petersburgh,  the  Baron  de 
SteigUtz.    His  wUl  is  dated  1836.    His 


18430 


Obitxtary. 


Ill 


fortune  amounted  at  that  period  to 
52,000,000  bank  roubles.  The  young 
baron  is  his  universal  heir.  His  sister 
DviU  have  6,000,000  roubles.  The  legacies 
are  inconsiderable. 

At  Copenhagen,  Rear- Admiral  Wulff, 
one  of  the  best  translators  of  Shakspere 
into  Danish. 

Atay  1.  In  Paris,  Lady  William  Ben- 
tinck.  She  was  Lady  Mary  Acheson, 
second  daughter  of  Arthur  first  Earl  of 
Gosford ;  was  married  in  1803  to  the 
late  Lord  William  Bentinck,  Governor- 

feneral  of  India,  brother  to  the  Duke  of 
Portland,  and  left  a  widow  in  1839,  having 


had  no  issue.  Her  ladyship  had  the  honour 
for  many  years  of  being  the  personal 
friend  of  her  Majesty  the  Queen  of  the 
French,  and  of  her  Royal  Highness  Mde. 
Adelaide. 

May  6.  At  Dinan,  Britany,  aged  68, 
Peter  Matthew  Dixon,  esq.  of  Gibbint, 
Jamaica,  nephew  of  the  late  Sir  Manly 
Dixon,  K.C.B.  Adm.  of  the  White. 

May  9.  At  Paris,  aged  35,  William 
Campbell  Ottley,  esq.  M.A.  late  Fellow 
of  Caius  College,  Cambridge. 

May  11.  At  Passy,  aged  58,  the  Baron 
Mounier,  formerly  Secretary  of  I>]apo- 
leon*s  Cabinet. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

From  the  Returns  issued  by  the  Registrar  General, 

Deaths  Registered  from  May  27,  to  June  17.    (4  weeks.) 

Under  15 1538^ 

15  to  60 1255foca7 

60  and  upwards     729/'^'^' 
Age  not  specified  15  J 


Males         1795  )  qkq7 
Females     1742  J  "^"^^ 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  June  24. 


Wheat. 
s,    d. 

47    9 


Barley. 
s,  d, 
27    6 


Oats. 

s,     d» 
17  11 


Rye. 
s.     d» 
29  10 


Beans. 
s»     d» 

27    7 


Peas. 
s»    d, 
29    2 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,   June  24. 
Sussex  Pockets,  4/.  lOs,  to  51.  89. — Kent  Pockets,  4/.  I6s,  to  5/.  12^. 


PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  June  24. 
Hay,  3/.  10*.  to  4/.  15* Straw,  21,  5s.  to  21. 10?.— Clover,  4/.  4».  to  51.  10*. 

SMITHFIELD,  June  24.     To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  81bs. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  June  24. 

Beasts 466      Calves    371 

SheepandLambs  10,590      Pigs      390 


Beef. 3*.    Orf.  to  4*.    Od, 

Mutton 3*.     2d.  to  4*.    2d. 

Veal 3s.    &d.  to  4*.    6d. 

Pork 3*.    6d.  to  4*.    6d. 

COAL  MARKET,  June  24. 
Walls  Ends,  from  15*.  Od.  to  20*.  Od.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  15*.  6d,  to  20*.  6d, 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  41*.  Od,      Yellow  Russia,  44*.  Od, 
CANDLES,  0*.  per  doz.     Moulds,  0*.  Od. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Brothers,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 

23,  Change  Alley,  Cornhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  193. EUesmere  and  Chester,  65. Grand  Junction,  143. 

Kennet  and  Avon,  12. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  650.  Regent's,  19^, 

Rochdale,  54. London  Dock  Stock,  93. St.  Katharine's,  107§. East 

and    West  India,  125.  —  London  and  Birmingham   Railway,  210. Great 

Western,  89^.  —  London  and  Southwestern,  64|. Grand  Junction    Water 

Works,  75. West  Middlesex,  112. Globe  Insurance,  130^.  Guardian, 

43|....^Hope,  7i. Chartered  Gas,  65^. Imperial  Gas,  75. Phoenix  Gat, 

38,.......Londonand  Westminster  Bank,  23.— Reversionary  Interest,  100. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  as  above. 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARIT,  bt  W.CARY,  Stuand. 
Prom  May  S6  ta  /um  25,  18i3,  both  ine/vrira. 


f^hranbelfs  Therm 

Fahrenheit's  Therm 

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".!' 

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in.  pts. 

II 

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in.  pta. 
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do.do.do.do. 

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do.do.do.do. 

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30,  10 

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do.  cloudy 

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sly.  si.  sh.  fr. 

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11 

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m 

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Bhwra.dy.do 

18 

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.51 

HH 

4 

M4 

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do.  do. 

.VI 

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«; 

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fi 

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44 

,80 

cl.  fr.  aha.  tn. 

81 

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do.  heavy  do. 

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fair,  fine 

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fr.df.  sl.sh. 

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do.do.do.do. 

DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 

FTirmMtty2siBjnHeZl   1843,  ioMinc/wriM. 


J.  J.  ARNULL,  Englisb  and  Foreign  Stock  and  Sbare  Broker, 

1,  Bajik  Baildings,  LoDdoa. 


'.  B.  MICBOU  AUD  ION,  raiHTIM,  S 


I  lAaxumirr-sTUiT. 


'?.: 


M**" 

•,*:. 


«.  •» 


?.f/» 


116 


CuDningham*s  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie, 


[Aug. 


everything  that  was  dear  to  him,  the  hope  of  indepeudeuce,  and  the  eu- 
joyment  of  honourable  fame,  and  the  friendship  of  the  enlightened  and  the 
informed,  and  the  anxious  thoughts  of  his  parents  and  relations^  and  his 
own  peace  of  mind,  and  perhaps  his  very  health  and  existence^  were  staked. 
As  regards  Wilkie's  extreme  attachment  to  his  art,  it  not  only  appears  in 
every  page  of  the  work  before  us,  and  in  the  very  spirit  that  animates  the 
whole  from  the  beginning  of  his  career  to  the  end  3  but  we  have  also 
often  heard  the  same  from  those  who  were  intimately  acquainted  with  him, 
and  one  of  whom,  a  person  of  the  highest  attainments  and  taste  in  all  the 
sister-arts,  has  more  than  once  used  the  expression  in  our  hearing, 
**  Wilkie  lived  but  to  paint."  Mr.  Cunningham,  his  biographer,  has  sup- 
pprted  the  truth  of  this  observation  with  particular  details.  He  informs 
Vifi  that  wherever  Wilkie  went,  he  was  on  the  look  out  for  fresh  characters 
or  change  of  costume.  He  treasured  the  remembrance  of  singular  con- 
trasts of  colour,  or  accidental  and  happy  casts  of  drapery,  as  surely  as  his 
pencil  could  pourtray  them.  He  ransacked  (his  favourite  spot  of  study) 
all  the  quaint  and  antiquated  furnitute  of  the  brokers*  shops,  the  gothic 
chairs^  the  carved  settees,  the  long-shanked  German  glasses.  At  an  old 
English  change-house  he  would  look  and  look  and  look  again.  In  the 
progress  of  his  daily  works,  as  may  be  read  in  his  journals,  will  be  seen  the 
study  and  labour  required  in  the  purchase  of  lasting  reputation.^ 

'*The  meanest  object,'*  says  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham, **  obtained  its  due  share  of 
tliought.  All  the  auxiliaries  of  the  pic- 
ture contributed  to  its  sentiment ;  he 
put  in  no  article  of  furniture  merely  to  fill 
up  blanks  ;  all  were  regarded  as  matters 
of  harmony,  or  confirmatiTe  of  the  story. 
The  students  loved  him  even  for  his  ffreat 
attention^  which  in  him  seemed  a  matter 
of  conscience,  '  Really  it  is  wonderful,* 
he  said,  *  how  men  will  trifle  time  ;  they 
will  squander  hours,  days,  nay  weeks,  on 
the  merest  trifling,  neglecting  the  study 
of  an  art,  which,  even  with  the  most 
gifted,  requires  a  lifetime  to  attain.' 
He  compared  the  students  who  flocked 
annually  to  the  Academy  to  the  seed  of  a 
ripe  thistle*  *  See,'  said  he,  '  to  each  of 
these  downy  parachutes  one  grain  of  sound 
seed  is  attached,  and  as  the  wind  lifts 
them  in  the  air,  they  are  wafted  as  it 
blows  over  the  face  of  the  earth.  There 
cannot  be  less  than  a  thousand  seeds  in 
the  full-grown  pods  ;  the  birds  of  the  air 

*  Little  do  those  unacquainted  with  the  practice  of  art  know  the  incessant  sacrifices 
it  demands  of  its  professors,  in  order  not  only  to  acquire,  but  even  to  maintaiu,  the 
acquisition  made.  We  give  an  example  from  an  art  not  reckoned  among  the  highest, 
nor  most  difficult ;  but  hear  what  one,  a  great  performer  of  her  day,  says  on  the  sub- 
ject. Mons.  Girardin  tells  us  that  in  a  conversation  with  Mademoiselle  Clotilde  at 
the  Opera,  she  said,  **  Vous  ne  pouvez  pas  vous  faire  une  juste  id^e  des  desagremens 
attaches  a  notre  ^tat.  Un  bon  danseur  etant  oblig^  d' avoir  ces  genoux  et  les  pieds  en- 
dehors,  est  dans  I'impossibilit^  de  marcher,  s'il  met  du  prix  conserver  du  talent.  La 
Danse  exige  une  pratique  continuelle,  et  ilfaut  ^exercer  tous  les  jours t  au  moins  pendant 
trots  heureSf  et  tremper  plusieurs  chemises,  Tenez,  moi,  a  mon  retour  a  Paris,  il  me 
faudra  plus  de  quinze  jours  d^ etude  pour  m*y  remettre.  Croyez,  monsieur,  que  Ton 
paie  bien  cher  les  applaidissemens  du  parterre.  Cest  un  matier  si  penible,  que  je  ne 
consenterai  jamais  a  le  donner  a  ma  fiUe,  d{Lt-elle  y  gagner  deux  cent  mille  francs  d^ 
rente."    SouTenirs  de  S.  Girardin,  vol.  ii.  p.  419, 


take  a  third  before  the  breeze  scatters  the 
whole ;  another  third  falls  on  the  water, 
or  on  a  barren  place  ;  and  at  last,  when 
nature  examines  the  result,  it  is  found 
that  only  one  seed  out  of  the  thousand 
has  fallen  in  a  fruitful  plain,  and  flou- 
rished. So  it  is  with  the  students  of  art : 
a  half  who  come  can  have  no  real  natural 
call  for  the  fine  arts  ;  they  come  because 
others  come,  or  because  they  dislike  the 
study  shaped  out  for  them  by  their  friends, 
or  because  they  think  art  is  a  beautiful 
thing,  and  all  her  studies  pleasant;  in 
short,  not  one  loves  art  with  all  their 
heart,  and  with  all  their  soul,  and  with 
all  their  strength :  they  linger  for  a  few 
months,  perhaps  for  a  few  years,  about 
the  Academy  seats,  and  then  silently  make 
way  for  other  swarms,  who  come  and  stare, 
or  study,  or  make  mouths  at  Raphael  or 
Reynolds,  and  Anally  go  on  their  way, 
and  are  all  save  one  in  a  season  or  so 
heard  of  no  more.* " 


1843.1  Cunningham's  Life  of  Sir  David  iVilkie.  1 1  f 

It  is  not  our  intention  to  give  any  abridged  account  of  Wilkie*s  life, 
which  can  only  be  read  advantageously  when  accompanied  with  the  history 
of  his  works,  and  of  his  progress  and  success  in  art.  He  kept,  both 
abroad  and  at  home,  a  very  accurate  journal  of  his  daily  life,  uniting  a 
critical  account  of  the  pictures  he  saw,  his  reflections  on  various  branches 
of  painting  as  they  occurred  at  the  time,  observations  on  the  works  of  the 
old  masters  in  collections  he  visited,  as  well  as  on  the  style  of  his  contem- 
poraries, with  mention  of  the  visits  of  friends,  patrons,  and  connoisseurs. 
He  also  corresponded  with  Sir  J.  Beaumont,  Sir  R.  Peel,  his  friend  Collins, 
besides  members  of  his  own  family  3  and,  from  these  sources  of  informa- 
tion joined,  a  very  clear  and  full  picture  of  his  own  life  is  placed  before 
the  public  eye — most  interesting  both  to  those  who  read  it  within  and 
without  the  circle  of  his  art.  From  this  we  shall  make  a  few  extracts  on 
parts  prominently  brought  forward  by  him,  or  on  such  as  have  been  ha- 
bitually subjects  of  particular  curiosity  with  us ;  but  the  reader  must  pe- 
ruse the  original  very  carefully,  and  repeatedly,  to  draw  from  it  the  mine 
of  valuable  information  it  contains. 

Wilkie  left  Scotland  for  London  on  the  20th  May,  1 805,  when  he  was 

between  nineteen  and  twenty.     He  took  lodgings  in  Norton  Street,  New 

Road,  and  in  July  he  writes  to  his  fellow-student  MacDonald  the  following 

account  of  the  merits  of  some  of  the  leading  academicians  , — 

**  The  Academy  was  not  opened  till  a  bold  adventure ;  but  he  was  determined 

Monday  last.     I  have  been  here  for  up-  to  go  abroad  somewhere  or  other,  and  I 

wards  of  six  weeks,  and  during  all  that  hope  he  may  succeed.     Since  I  came  to 

time  I  have  been  spending  money  to  no  town,  I  have  conversed  with  some  of  the 

purpose.     I  need  not  be  very  particular  first  artists  in  the  kingdom  :  I  have  been 

in  recounting  every  occurrence  that  has  introduced  to  Flaxman,  Nollekens,  Fuseli, 

happened  since  I  left  you.     Let  it  suffice  and  West.     Mr.  Flaxman  is  the  best  mo- 

that  I  landed  here  safe  on  the  Friday  after  deller  we  have.     I  was  introduced  to  him 

I  saw  you,  and  here  I  am  still.     Amongst  by  a  letter  that  I  brought  with  me  from 

the  first  things  that  Ididafter  landioghere,  Scotland  ;   and  he  introduced  me  to  Mr. 

I  went  to  see  the  Exhibition  at  Somerset  Fuseli,  who  is  the  professor  of  painting 

House,   with  which   I    was  very  much  in  the  Academy,   and  a  very  kind  good 

amused:   there  were  pictures  of  all  de-  sort  of  man  he  is.     He  questioned  me 

scriptions,  some  good  and  some  bad  ;  but  about  our  artists  in  Edinburgh — inquired 

I  understand  this  year's  exhibition,  com-  if  Graham  painted  any.     He  had  heard  of 

paratively,  was  a  very  poor  one,  which  the  fame   of  Raebum;    he  admired  the 

always  will  be  cousidered  so  when  the  works  of  the  celebrated  Runciman,   and 

principal  pictures  are  portraits.      Opie,  asked  if  I  had  ever  seen  his  Ossian*s  Hall 

Hoppner,  and  Lawrence  seem  to  be  the  at  Pennycuick  ;   he   also  inquired  about 

principal  painters  in  that  line ;  though  David    Allan,     and,    for    all    his    bad 

Opie  gives  great  force,  yet  he  surely  is  a  drawing,    allowed    him    a   very    consir 

dirty  painter.    The  only  great  historical  derable   degree  of  merit.     A  friend    of 

picture  in  it,  and  the  one  that  attracted  mine,  who  is  a  very  great  connoisseur, 

most  notice,  was  a  picture  by  West,  of  took  me    to   Mr.  West's  house,    where 

*  Thetis    bringing  armour    to  Achilles,*  we  found  that  celebrated  artist  engaged 

which  was  certainly  a  very  grand  design,  in  painting  a  picture ;  but  how  much  was 

but   I   did  not  like  it  as  well  as  some  I    astonished   at    his  wonderful  works, 

others  of  Mr.  West's  that  I  have  seen  which  for  grandeur  of  design,  clearness  of 

since.     There  was  'A  Boy  and  an  Ass'  colouring,  and  correct  outline,  surpass  any 

by  Allan  in  one  of  the  rooms,  which  I  be-  modem  pictures   I   have  yet  seen  ;    his 

lieve  you  must  have  seen  before  he  left  figures  have,  no  doubt,  a  flatness  about 

Scotland.     I  think  Allan  might  have  done  them,  but,  with  all  his  faults,  we  have  not 

it  better.     He   has  made  dark  narrow  a  painter  that  can  draw  like  him.     I  have 

shadows  and  hard  reflected  lights,  which  been  seeing  a  gallery  of  pictures  by  Mor- 

I  don't  at  all  like  ;  but  he  says  that  that  land  which  pleased  me  very  much  indeed, 

is  the  way  that  .Opie  produces  such  effects.  He  seems  to  have  copied  nature  in  every 

Allan  is  now  gone  to  try  his  fortune  at  thing,  and  in  a  manner  peculiar  to  him- 

St.  Petersburgh,   and  sailed    from  this  self.    When  you  look  at  his  pictures  you 

About  a  fortnight  ago.    This  is  certainly  see  in  them  the  very  same  fi^^es  that  wq 


118 


CuiiBingham's  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie, 


[Aug. 


see  here  eyery  day  in  the  streets,  which, 
from  the  variety  and  looseness  in  their 
dress,  form  an  appearance  that  is  trnly 
picturesque,  and  much  superior  to  our 
peasantry  in  Scotland.  I  have  also  seen 
fome  pictures  by  Teniers,  which  for  clear 
^uching  certainly  go  to  the  height  of 
human  perfection  in  art:  they  make  all 
other  pictures  look  misty  beside  them. 


As  for  Turner,  whom  you  have  heard 
Allan  speak  of,  I  do  not  at  all  understand 
his  method  of  painting :  his  designs  are 
grand,  the  effect  and  colouring  natural, 
but  his  manner  of  handling  is  not  to  my 
taste  ;  and,  although  his  pictures  are  not 
large,  you  must  see  them  from  the  other 
end  of  the  room  before  they  can  satisfy 
the  eye,"  &c. 


In  the  September  of  the  same  year  Wilkie  became  accidentally  ac- 
quainted with  Mr.  Stodartj  on  whom  he  called  for  the  purchase  of  a  piano- 
forte. The  pianoforte  maker  happened  to  be  married  to  a  Wilkie>  had 
some  taste  for  painting  as  well  as  music,  and  in  the  way  of  business  was 
acquainted  with  the  Countess  of  Mansfield  and  her  son  the  Earl.  Mr. 
Stodart's  was  the  first  portrait  which  Wilkie  drew,  and  in  December  he 
was  admitted  as  a  student  of  the  Academy.  He  had  also  painted  the  Fit- 
lessie  Market  for  his  friend  j  and  now 


**  The  influence  of  the  friendly  Stodart 
began  to  be  visible  in  the  fortunes  of 
Wilkie.  The  Earl  of  Mansfield  no  sooner 
saw  Pitlessie  Fair  than  he  felt  its  beauty 
as  a  composition,  and  had  enough  of  old 
Scotland  in  him  to  perceive  that  it  was  as 
true  to  the  people  as  the  sun  is  to  sum- 
mer: he  sought  out  the  painter  in  his 
obscure  abode,  where  he  found  him  with 
all  his  pictures  and  studies  around  him. 
When  Wilkie  hung  up  a  small  picture  or 
two  in  the  window  at  Charing  Cross,  he 
put  the  very  modest  price  of  six  guineas 
each  on  them ;  but  he  had  now  discovered 
that  it  was  cheaper  to  study  in  the  manse 
of  Cults  thaii  in  the  middle  of  London  ; 
and  that  living  models,  rich  colours,  and 
respectable  lodgings — all  neoessary  mat- 
ters in  a  polite  art — devoured  his  sub- 
stance. He  had  all  this  in  his  mind  when 
the  Earl  inquired  what  his  price  would  be 
for  painting  him  a  picture  from  his  study 
of  the  Village  Politicians.  The  artist  an- 
swered fifteen  guineas,  to  which  the  Earl 
made  no  answer ;  and  Wilkie,  who  seems 
to  have  felt  that  his  strength  lay  in  that 
direction,  proceeded  to  paint  the  picture* 
as  he  said,  at  a  venture.  As  it  approached 
eompletion,  the  rumour  ran  that  it  was  a 
work  of  great  genius,  and  likely  to  create 
a  change  in  art.  It  chanced  one  day  that 
Sir  George  Beaumont  and  Lord  Mul- 
Ifrave  were  praising  the  Dutch  School, 
when  Jackson,  who  was  present,  said,  if 
they  would  come  with  him,  he  would  find 
them  a  young  Scotsman  who  was  second 
to  no  Dutchman  that  ever  bore  a  palette 


on  his  thumb.  '  We  must  go  and  see 
this  Scottish  wonder,  Jackson,'  said  Sir 
George  ;  and  they  followed  him  to  Wil- 
kie's  abode,  where  they  found  the  Village 
Politicians  all  but  finished.  Two  such 
judges  could  not  but  see  its  worth  at  once, 
and,  as  they  had  generosity  as  well  as  good 
judgment,  they  spread  the  fame  of  the 
picture  round  the  bright  circles  to  which 
they  belonged.  They  were  not  only 
pleased  with  the  works  of  the  artist,  but 
charmed  with  the  simplicity  of  the  man ; 
and  being  both  good  judges,  and  the 
former  a  landscape  painter  of  eminence, 
saw  that  he  was  above  the  common  mark 
—a  decided  original,  in  short ;  and  one, 
too,  who  found  his  subjects  in  the  do- 
mestic circles  of  his  native  laud.  They 
did  not  leave  his  studio  without  commis- 
sioning a  picture  each.  The  price  of  the 
one  for  Sir  George  Beaumont  was  fixed  at 
fifty  guineas.  These  commissions,  whieh 
opened  the  doors  of  the  temple  of  fame 
to  Wilkie,  seem  to  have  uplifted  him  little. 
He  foresaw  that  the  cost  of  execution 
would,  at  the  rate  which  he  wrought, 
and  his  consequent  outlay,  far  exceed  the 
money  they  would  bring :  he  felt  too  that 
his  health  was  failing,  and  the  last  guinea 
ready  to  leave  his  pocket ;  nor  did  he  fail 
to  feel  that  in  portrait,  where  his  hope 
of  subsistence  lay,  other  artists,  with  their 
smooth  and  elegant  flattery  of  pencil,  car- 
ried away  the  chief  sitters  and  the  high 
prices.  Yet  in  his  letters  of  that  time, 
when  fame  and  fortune  were  in  the  balance, 
little  of  hope  or  of  fear  is  expressed,*'  &c. 


The  Village  Politicians  brought  the  young  artist  at  once  into  fame  in 
the  public  eve,  and  his  talent  was  acknowledged  and  estimated  by  his 
brethren.  Haydon^  then  a  fellow-student,  vowed  that  in  dramatic  force  it 
rivalled  all  but  Raphael^  and  others  less  enthusiastic  admired  the  group- 
ing, the  dramatic  excellence  of  the  story^  and  the  force  and  variety  of 


1643Q 


Cimningham's  Life  of  Sir  Dmii  WiHtie. 


11$ 


character  in  the  chief  heads.  There  was  a  daily  crowd  to  see  it.  Mn 
Angerstein  declared  that  his  picture  had  all  the  spirit  of  Teniers  and  the 
humoor  of  Hogarth.  This  led  immediately  to  new  patronage.  At  the 
time  when  Wilkie  was  painting  his  Sunday  Morning  and  his  Rent  Day— 
his  next  order — he  became  acquainted  with  his  countryman  Andrew  Wil« 
son^  an  artist  who  subsequently  distinguished  himself  in  landscape,  and 
particularly  as  a  connoisseur  in  foreign  psdntings  (he  bought  the  Vandyke 
portraits  in  Genoa,  which  are  in  Sir  Robert  Peel's  collection),  and  he 
filled  the  situation  of  Professor  of  Drawing  in  the  College  of  Sandhurst^ 
and  of  Master  of  the  Trustees*  Academy  in  Scotland,  with  reputation. 
When  he  returned  from  Italy  the  second  time,  in  1806,  he  heard  of 
Wilkie  among  his  old  associates,  as  a  young  artist  of  more  than  ordinary 
promise^  and  desired  to  become  acquainted  with  him. 


**  *  We  met,'  says  Andrew  Wilson,  in  a 
letter  from  Genoa,  written  after  the  death 
of  Sir  David,  at  the  request  of  his  bio- 
grapher, '  we  met,  for  the  first  time,  one 
morning  at  William  Thomson's ;   there 
were  present,  besides  Wilkie,  young  Hay- 
don,  William  Havel,   David  Maclagan, 
and  a  Mr.  Callendar,  all  seemingly  very 
intimate ;  and  I  was  told  that  it  was  their 
practice  to  meet  in  this  way  at  one  an- 
other's lodgings  to  converse  about  art. 
To  be  Admitted  into  such  a  society  was 
very  agreeable  to  me.    Wilkie  I  always 
found  very  cheerful ;  and  as  we  did  not 
devote  the  whole  of  our  time  to  the  pro- 
fessed object  of  our  meeting,  on  one  oc- 
casion, after  some  solicitation,  he  sung  us 
one  of  Liston*s  songs,  and  imitated  him 
in  voice  and  manner  so  happily  that  I  all 
but  thought  I  heard  that  eminent  actor*s 
voice.     One  peculiarity  I  could  not  help 
noticing ;  when  any  thing  was  said  that 
Wilkie  did  not  clearly  understand,  he  did 
not  hesitate  to  stop  the  conversation  till 
it  was  explained  :  this  to  me  seemed  odd, 
especially  as  some  of  the  explanations  re- 
quired were  about  simple  matters  in  art. 
Most  young  men  I  then  thought  would 
have  scrupled  to  appear  ignorant ;  but  I 
have  since  seen  enough  to  set  down  this 
practice  of  his  as  a  proof  of  superior  un- 
derstanding.   Next  day  Wilkie  came  with 
Haydon  to  see  the  paintings  which  I  had 
brought  from  Italy:    they   told  me  that 
Thomas  Hope  permitted  artists  to  see  his 
pictures  during  one  day  in  the  week.     I 
went  with  Wilkie  to  the  gallery  regularly 
for  several  weeks  :  the  study  of  the  Dutch 
and  Flemish  masters,  of  whom  I  did  not 
know  much  before,  was  a  source  of  in- 
finite pleasure.     Wilkie's  remarks  were 


always  accurate,  and  he  would  dwell  for  a 
whole  morning  on  two  or  three  pictures* 
I  was  so  much  delighted  with  his  obser- 
vations and  enthusiasm,  that  I  expressed 
a  wish  to  see  his  own  works,  but  his  last 
finished  picture  had  gone  to  Somerset 
House,  and  the  Exhibition  was  not  opened« 
I  continued  my  visits  to  Mr.  Hope's  gal- 
lery with  Wilkie,  and  extended  them  also 
to  the  galleries  of  the  Marquis  of  Stafford 
and  Mr.  Angerstein.  I  did  not  perceive 
that  the  sudden  fame  of  Wilkie  made  the 
smallest  change :  he  continued  the  same 
modest  man  and  the  same  anxious  student, 
after  the  exhibition  of  The  Village  Poll- 
ticians,  as  he  was  before.  Indeed,  he 
rather  seemed  to  avoid  notice,  and  to  at* 
tach  himself  the  more  to  his  early  com* 
panions  in  art.  Before  the  Exlubition 
closed  he  had  begun  his  picture  of  The 
Blind  Fiddler.  He  had  taken  lodgings 
beyond  Tottenham  Court  Road,  partly  for 
his  health,  and  partly  to  avoid  interrup- 
tions from  ill' timed  visitors.  I  sometimes 
took  breakfast  with  him,  and  it  was  there 
I  became  acquainted  with  Jackson  the 
painter.  I  remember  the  quiet  glee  with 
which  Wilkie  told  us,  that  one  day  Ban- 
nister the  actor  called,  and  was  shown  in 
while  he  was  sitting  on  a  low  seat,  dressed 
as  a  woman,  with  a  looking-glass  before 
him,  performing  the  part  of  model  for 
himself.  Wilkie  was  not  the  man  to  be 
in  the  least  discomposed  at  being  found  in 
such  a  plight.  Bannister  gazed  on  him 
for  a  moment  or  so,  and  said,  '  I  need 
not  introduce  myself.'  '  Truly  no,'  said 
Wilkie ;  *  I  know  you  very  well ;  but  you 
see  I  can't  move  lest  I  spoil  the  folds  of 
my  petticoat.  I  am  for  the  present  an 
old  woman,  very  much  at  your  service.'  " 


Sir  George  Beaumont,  the  enlightened  and  liberal  judge  and  patron  of 
art,  himself  an  artist  of  no  inferior  rank,  and  the  attached  friend  of 
Wilkie*  is  thus  introduced  to  the  reader. 

**  Wilkie,  having  finished  the  picture  on  Alfred  in  the  Neatherd's  Cottage,  and 
of  the  BUnd  Fiddler,  turned  his  thoughts     called  forth  all  his  skill  to  work  it  up  to 


120 


Cunnlngliam's  Life  of  Sir  David  WilkU. 


lAug. 


the  ideas  of  Sir  George  Beaumont ;  who, 
as  he  had  not  interposed  with  his  criti- 
cism during  the  progress  of  The  Blind 
Fiddler,  was  the  more  entitled  to  be  heard 
where  he  could  have  no  interest  save  in 
the  artist's  success.  The  critic  was  strong 
where  the  artist  was  weak.  He  was  a 
scholar  as  well  as  a  man  of  taste ;  de- 
scended too  from  a  line  of  kings  and  em* 
perors ;  conversant  with  the  history  and 
character  of  the  times  of  which  the  artist 
desired  to  give  a  lively  image  ;  and,  more 
than  all,  had  much  of  that  loftiness  of 
soul  which  the  man  must  share  in  who 
paints  patriots  and  heroes.  He  was  a 
gentleman  delicate  in  all  that  affected  the 
feelings  of  men  of  genius.  With  what 
graceful  tenderness  he  hints  the  defects 
which  he  observed  in  the  colouring  of  The 
Blind  Fiddler.  *  Save  me  from  myself,' 
says  Sir  George,  *  is  as  rational  a  petition 
in  painting  as  in  morals :  some  peculiar 
colour  is  always  striving  to  get  the  better 
of  an  artist — some  finesse  in  pencilling, 
under  the  pretence  of  neatness,  splendour, 
or  dispatch,  is  for  ever  ready  to  take  pos- 
session of  him,  and  requires  all  his  vigi- 


lance to  oppose.  I  have  endeavoured  to 
detect  something  in  you  of  this  kind,  that 
I  might  mention  it  as  a  warning.  I  per- 
ceive, or  I  think  I  perceive,  a  tendency  to 
— what  shall  I  call  it? — a  metallic  ap- 
pearance in  some  parts  of  the  drapery  of 
the  woman  with  the  child,  particularly 
about  the  apron  and  the  head-dress  of  the 
child.  Round  the  blind  man,  also,  there 
is  a  sort  of  slaty  smoothness  more  than 
one  observes  in  nature :  this  appears  in 
his  stockings  and  in  various  parts  of  his 
dress.  I  must  again  remind  you  that 
these  appearances  are  so  slight  that  I 
almost  doubted  whether  I  should  mention 
them ;  but,  on  consideration,  I  thought  I 
should  ill  act  the  part  of  a  friend,  did  I 
not  warn  you  in  time  ;  for  a  manner  once 
established  is,  I  verily  believe,  invincible. 
As  to  any  particular  colour  gaining  upon 
you,  I  see  no  symptoms  of  it  at  present ; 
when  I  do  I  shall  not  fail  to  act  the  part 
of  a  flapper.  Do  not  trouble  yourself  to 
answer  this :  you  are  much  better  em- 
ployed, and  will  accept  this  mark  of  my 
good  wishes  as  intended.* " 


In  another  letter,  written  soon  after  the  one  above.  Sir  George  adds, 


''  I  know  few  things  more  unpleasing 
in  a  picture  than  too  great  smoothness : 
there  are  no  objects  in  nature  perfectly 
smooth  except  polished  objects  and  glass ; 
all  other  objects  are  varied  by  innumer- 
able lights,  reflections,  and  broken  tints : 
perhaps  no  man  ever  understood  this  fact 
better  than  Rembrandt ;  and  it  is  this 
whieh  renders  his  drag,  his  scratch  with 


the  pencil-stick,  and  his  touch  with  the 
palette-knife,  so  true  to  nature,  and  so 
delicious  to  an  eye  capable  of  being 
charmed  by  the  treasures  of  the  palette : 
and  it  is  the  want  of  this  which  renders 
Wouvermans  and  other  painters  of  high 
excellence  in  other  respects  comparatively 
insipid.*  '* 


The  pictures  of  the  "  Sick  Lady,''  the  *'  Jew's  Harp/'  and  the  ''  Cut 
Finger,"  are  the  next  productions  of  the  artist's  pencil,  and  their  progress 
is  mentioned  in  much  detail  in  the  journal  which  Wilkie  kept  of  his  daily 
employments  and  of  the  events  of  his  life. 


**  The  narrative  of  this  daily  journal 
(says  his  biographer)  has  been  allowed  to 
flow  on  in  its  full  and  simple  detail  till 
the  history  of  the  pictures  of  the  Sick 
Lady,  the  Jew's  Harp,  and  the  Cut  Finger, 
was  completed.  From  these  entries 
genius,  whilst  contending  with  difficulties, 
may  derive  consolation,  and  even  dul- 
ness,  which  believes  that  labour  can  ac- 
complish every  thing,  may  be  cheered 
from  the  toils  of  Wilkie.  None  of  these 
three  works  came  at  once  from  the 
fashioner's  hand ;  the  reigning  sentiment 
was  indeed  present  to  the  painter's  mind 
from  the  first ;  but  all  of  an  auxiliary  na- 
ture, all  that  goes  to  heighten  the  effect, 
or  illustrate  the  sentiment,  rose  slowly,  I 
had  almost  said  reluctantly,  on  his  fancy. 
He  listened  with  astonishing  composure 
to  all  who  came  with  counsel  on  their 
1 


lips  ;  he  rejected  no  advice  without  duly 
considering  it;  he  hesitated  at  no  ex- 
periment either  of  colour  or  arrangement ; 
he  boggled  at  no  labour  if  it  promised 
amendment.  He  rose  early  to  his  studies, 
and,  in  spite  of  continuous  visits,  wrought 
late ;  he  was  not  a  painter  by  fits  and 
starts,  nor  had  he  any  cause  to  complain 
that  particular  times  and  seasons  were  re- 
quired to  the  operations  of  his  fancy  : 
when  the  light  of  the  day  was  clear,  he 
wrought  without  regarding  whether  it  was 
winter  or  summer,  seed-time,  or  harvest. 
When  he  had  finished  his  labours  at  his 
lodgings,  he  went  to  the  Academy,  and 
drew  from  living  and  dead  models  with  all 
the  ardour  of  a  student  in  his  first  quar> 
ter*s  attendance  ;  and,  as  he  knew  that  the 
English  school  was  reproached  for  imper- 
fection in  drawing,  he   drew  diligently 


1843.J 


Cahnlngliam's  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie, 


121 


firom  the  antique  marbles,  and,  though  he     of  outline,  he  never  failed  to  seize  the  sen- 
did  not  always  reach  their  flowing  delicacy     timent  of  the  original,*'  &c. 

In  1810  he  painted  a  small  picture  called  the  '^  Man  with  the  Girl's 
Cap  *'  for  the  Exhibition  ;  before,  however,  the  gallery  was  open  to  the 
public,  Wilkie  received  a  letter  from  Sir  George  Beaumont  informing  him 
that  West  thought  it  best  that  the  picture  should  be  withdrawn,  as  not 
equal  to  his  former  productions  ;  and  he  also  said  that  the  prevailing 
opinion  was,  among  the  artist's  friends  in  the  Council,  that  it  would  be 
prudent  to  withdraw  it. 


**  But  the  cause  of  the  withdrawal  of 
this  picture  from  the  exhibition  has  been 
imputed  by  some  to  the  rising  fame  of 
Edward  Birdy  whose  pictures,  formed  in 
the  same  domestic  and  familiar  walk  of 
life  and  manners  as  those  of  Wilkie,  had 
already  attracted  much  attention.  Bird's 
Game  of  Put,  and  his  Village  Choristers, 
which  he  sent  to  the  Exhibition,  were  in 
the  eyes,  it  seems,  of  the  Council,  more 
than  a  match  for  Wilkie's  Man  with  the 
GirPs  Cap,  and  in  a  fit  of  satisfaction  or 
alarm  they  advised,  as  we  have  seen,  its 
withdrawal.  The  Scotsman  had  reigned 
three  years,  and  some  of  his  brethren  who 
disliked  him  for  the  sudden  fame  he  had 
achieved,  saw  without  a  sigh  that  reign 
about  to  close ;  others,  whose  walk  was 
in  the  high  historic,  beheld  with  pleasure 
the  downfall  of  the  pan-and-spoon  style, 
as  they  scoffingly  called  that  of  Wilkie : 
even  the  great  painter  himself,  a  timid 
and  diffident  man,  was  for  a  time  daunted, 
and  silently,  and  in  his  own  quiet  way, 
resigned  his  place  to  the  new  candidate. 
We  have  seen  when  Cromek  introduced 
Bird  to  Wilkie,  the  latter  liked  his  com- 
positions much;  but  that,  on  a  second  ex- 
amination, he  abated  his  admiration  a 
little,  and  I  remember,  when  I  saw  Cro- 
mek in  London  during  the  spring  of  1810, 
he  spoke  to  me  of  Bird  as  a  genius  who 

As  it  is  not  our  intention  to  follow  the  successive  steps  of  Wilkie*s  pro- 
fessional life,  but  rather  to  make  a  selection  of  a  few  passages  which  may 
convey  an  idea  of  his  knowledge  of  his  favourite  art,  and  his  devotedness 
to  it,  we  select  a  letter  which>  in  1823,  he  wrote  to  Sir  J.  Beaumont  on 
the  subject  of  colouring. 


had  already  conquered  Wilkie  with  his 
own  weapons,  and  concluded  his  eulogium 
by  saying,  '  Gad,  Sir,  he's  predestined 
to  humble  your  tall  thin  countryman,  who 
is  as  silent  as  the  grave,  and  as  proud  as 
Lucifer.*  Bird,  in  his  happiest  moods, 
never  reached  the  vigour  of  character,  the 
dramatic  skill,  or  the  fine  proprieties  of 
Wilkie  ;  but  this  was  hid  at  the  time  from 
the  eyes  of  almost  all  the  friends  of  the 
latter :  the  Council  of  the  Academy  ad- 
vised him  to  retire  from  the  contest,  and 
come,  if  he  could,  to  the  next  Exhibition 
in  greater  strength.  That  men  of  taste, 
experienced,  too,  in  art,  with  the  best 
pictures  of  the  Dutch  and  Flemish  schools 
before  them  when  they  spoke,  could  see 
in  the  best  pictures  which  Bird  had  yet 
painted  aught  to  make  the  painter  of  The 
ViUage  Politicians,  The  Blind  Fiddler,  or 
The  Rent  Day,  alarmed  for  his  laurels, 
seems  most  strange :  there  could  be  no 
doubt  that  the  picture,  which  he  too 
rashly  withdrew,  though  limited  in  sub- 
ject, would  have  maintained  Wilkie*s  po- 
sition in  art,  and  kept  its  place  against  all 
opposition.  He  began  to  feel  this  when 
it  was  too  late  to  retrace  his  steps ;  and 
he  felt,  too,  that  it  was  safer  to  follow  his 
own  bent  than  the  advice  of  forty  coun- 
sellors." 


**  Many  hearty  thanks  for  your  very 
kind  letter.  Your  opinions  upon  the 
qualities  of  colour  and  surface  in  pictures 
I  have  always  agreed  with,  and  your  pre- 
sent illustrations  of  them  I  think  exceed- 
ingly happy  and  convincing.  Coldness  of 
tone,  and  smoothness  and  dryness  of  sur- 
face, have  certainly — what  you  urge  as  the 
surest  proof  of  inferiority — the  want  of 
the  appearance  of  a  monied  value.  That 
they  never  sell  for  so  much  as  richly- 
coloured  pictures  is  quite  conclusive.  I 
only  wish  that  such  arguments  as  you 

Gent,  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


have  used,  and  the  authorities  you  have 
quoted,  would  have  their  due  weight  upon 
those  who  guide,  if  not  the  taste  of  the 
public,  at  least  the  taste  of  artists  upon 
this  point ;  those  artists  I  mean  who  paint 
large  pictures  for  the  Exhibition.  The 
decline  of  all  schools  of  colouring  appears 
to  be  into  whiteneaSf  and  into  those  cor- 
responding tints  of  common-place  chilli- 
ness that  can  alone  harmonise  with  white. 
If  I  might  point  oat  to  you  another  de- 
fect»  very  prevalent  of  late  in  our  pic- 
tures, and  one  of  the  same  contracted 

R 


122 


Conningliaiii's  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie. 


[Aug. 


character  with  thoie  you  so  happily  illus- 
trate, it  would  be  that  of  the  want  of 
hreadthy  and  in  others  a  perpetual  divi- 
sion and  subdivision  of  parts,  to  give  what 
their  perpetrators  call  space  ;  add  to  this 
a  constant  disturbing  and  torturing  of 
every  thing,  whether  in  light  or  in  shadow, 
by  a  niggling  touch,  to  produce  fulness 
of  subject.  This  is  the  very  reverse  of 
what  we  see  in  Cuyp  or  Wilson,  and 
even,  with  all  his  high  finishing,  in  Claude. 
I  have  been  warning  our  friend  Collins 
against  this,  and  was  also  urging  young 
I^dseer  to  beware  of  it ;  and  in  what  I 
have  been  doing  lately  myself,  have  been 
studying  much  from  Rembrandt  and  from 

In  1826  he  was  in  Italy^  and  his  journal  in  March  of  that  year  contains 
an  account  of  the  ancient  decorations  of  Pompeii,  and  of  the  style  and 
colouring  of  the  ancient  painters. 


Cuyp,  so  as  to  acquire  what  the  great 
masters  succeeded  so  well  in,  namely,  that 
power  by  which  the  chief  objects,  and 
even  the  minute  finishing  of  parts,  tell 
over  everything  that  is  meant  to  be  sub- 
ordinate in  their  pictures.  Sir  Joshua 
had  this  remarkably,  and  could  even 
make  the  features  cf  the  face  tell  over 
everything,  however  strongly  painted.  I 
find  that  repose  and  breadth  in  the 
shadows  and  half-tints  do  a  great  deal 
towards  it.  Zoffany's  figures  derive  great 
consequence  from  this,  and  I  find  that 
those  who  have  studied  light  and  shadow 
the  most,  never  appear  to  fail  in  it,*'  &c. 


.''I  pass  to  that  so  peculiarly  striking 
to  an  artist,  viz.  the  paintings  on  the 
walls  of  the  houses.    This  mode  of  de- 
coration appears  to  have  been  used  as 
much  in  ancient  times  as  it  is  still  in 
modern  Italy,  and,  instead  of  being  done 
by  stamps  as  here,  or  by  printed  paper  as 
in  En^nd,  entirely  by  the  hand  of  the 
artist.     The  ornaments  consist  of  ara- 
besque,   with    panellings,    architectural 
ornaments,  and  square  or  round  medal- 
lions, representing  subjects  of  poetry  or 
of  fancy  ;   in  other  places  stucco    bas- 
reliefs,  (the  grounds  painted  of  a  deep  blue, 
or  other  colour,  like  cameos)   take  the 
place  of  pictures ;  and  sometimes  the  ar- 
chitectural ornaments  are  put  in  a  kind  of 
perspective.    For  all  this  only  one  sort  of 
mat^al  is  used,  water-colour  or  tempera  ; 
neither  oil,  varnish,  wax,  or  fresco,  seem 
at  all  to  have  been  known  or  used  by 
them.     In  the  decorative  part  the  colours 
are  very  unbroken,  so  much  so  that  one 
may  teU  the  colours  used.    The  ochres, 
yellow  and  red,  are  very  strongly  marked. 
Indian  red,  or  something  like  it,  is  very 
perceptible.   A  green,  of  coppery  origin, 
is  also  shewn  by  its  partial  changes.    The 
blues,  dark  and  light,  have  much  vivid- 
ness, and  much  of  that  airy  purity  that 
belongs  to  lapis  lazuli.    There  is  a  red, 
too,  possessing  much  of  the  quality  and 
brilliancy  of  Chinese  vermillion.     The 
material  on  which  these  are  laid  is  white 
stucco  or  plaster,  which  seems  to  imbibe, 
from  its  absorbency,  a  faint  shade  of  the 
colour  to  the  depth  of  the  eighth  of  an 
inch  below  the  surface.    One  thing  that 


presses  itself  very  strongly  upon  me,  after 
seeing  these  Greek  pictures,  both  at  Pom- 
peii and  at  Portici,  is  their  sculptural  cha- 
racter. They  are  little  more  than  coloured 
bas-reliefs.  Of  those  qualities  distinct 
from  sculpture  and  peculiar  to  painting 
they  have  little.  The  arrangement  of  the 
figures,  their  positions  (so  often  in  profile), 
their  almost  ignorance  of  foreshortening, 
their  want  of  distance,  the  receding  of 
groups,  and,  above  all,  their  want  of  ma- 
thematical perspective,  seem  to  deprive 
their  works  of  all  that  gives  to  painting  in 
modern  times  its  right  to  be  considered  dis- 
tinct and  independent  among  the  sister-arts. 
It  is  true,  that,  taking  these  as  specimens, 
such  as  an  inferior  Roman  city  could  ftir- 
nish,  the  arts  in  the  capitol  must  have 
been  distinguished  for  much  higher  qua- 
lities. Expression,  thought,  sentiment, 
colour,  and  even  manual  dexterity,  appear 
eminently  conspicuous ;  and  some  of  the 
figures,  for  beauty,  elegance,  and  for  com- 
position, indicate  a  power  to  have  been 
common  then,  that  even  the  happiest  ef- 
forts of  modem  art  have  never  surpassed. 
Add  to  this,  that  these  works  run  into 
none  of  the  defects  which  the  superabund- 
ance of  sciences  in  more  recent  times  has 
given  rise  to.  Yet  it  may  be  asked,  are 
not  these  a  branch  of  sculpture,  rather 
than  of  painting  in  its  distinct  class  ?  or 
may  it  not  be  that  painting,  in  its  in- 
fancy, is  a  child  of  sculpture,  which,  un- 
like the  early  perfection  of  its  parent, 
comes  only  to  maturity  and  independence 
in  the  most  advanced  stages  of  society  ?" 


On  the  same  subject  he  also  writes  to  Sir  F.  Chantrey. 


"  In  Naples  I  have  been  highly  inte- 
rested with  what  remains  of  ancient  paint- 
ing as  well  as  sculpture,  arts  much  less 


allied  now  than  they  appear  to  have  been 
in  the  time  of  the  Greeks,  when  statues 
and  bas-reliefs  were  painted  or  wrought 


1843.] 


CunniDgham's  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie, 


123 


belongs  now  to  an  independent  art.  Thu  " 
are  we  disposed  to  extol  the  craft  to  whic^ 
we  are  attached.  It  is  for  you  to  sho'v^ 
that  sculpture  has  improved  in  modern 
times  ;  I  think  I  could  demonstrate  that 
painting  has.'' 


in  party-coloured  marble,  and  when  pic- 
tures were  coloured  sculptures  in  every 
thing  but  the  flat  surface.  Now,  the  di- 
Yiflion  of  labour  has  separated  them  widely. 
The  marble  is  confined  to  form  alone,  and 
the  picture,  with  the  help  of  foreshorten- 
ing and  of  linear  and  aerial  perspectiye, 

Tbe  revival  of  a  very  high  style  of  painting,  both  in  manner  and  subject* 
in  imitation  or  rivalry  of  the  early  masters  of  tbe  art,  by  the  modern  Ger- 
mans, with  great  pretensions  and  great  merits^  is  at  present  a  subject  of 
no  common  curiosity  to  the  lovers  of  painting  both  in  England  and  abroad, 
both  as  regards  its  future  aims  and  what  it  has  already  done  ;  and  Wilkie, 
when  in  Germany,  not  only  became  acquainted  with  the  principal  artists, 
as  Comelius,  &c.  but  paid  all  due  attention  to  their  works. 


''  Of  this  fchool,  (he  writes  from 
Rome,)  our  own  countrymen  here  have, 
by  their  studies,  done  us  credit ;  and 
though  some  arrived  unprepared  for  study^ 
and  ignorant  of  what  to  study,  others  have 
aequired  what  may  hereafter  be  useful  at 
home,  if  they  can  resist  the  prevailing 
tasts  and  tendency  of  our  Exhibition.  But 
the  German  artists  appear  to  form  a  class 
both  new  and  distinct---are  more  of  a  sect 
than  a  school.  They  have  abjured  all  the 
blandishments  of  modem  art,  and  havd 
gone  back  to  the  apostolic  age  of  paint- 


ing ;  have  begun  where  Raphael  began,  by 
studying  RaphaePs  master,  in  hopes  the 
same  schooling  may  a  second  timejprodttce 
an  equally  successful  scholar.  They  af- 
fect the  dress  of  that  early  period,  and  in 
their  pictures  imitate  the  dry  simplicity 
of  its  improved  taste  ;  and  such  is  their 
devoteduess,  that  two  of  them  have 
changed  their  religion  from  Lutheran  td 
Catholic,  to  feel  with  more  intensity  the 
subjects  of  the  Italian  master,  making 
their  art  a  religious  profession  rather  than 
a  worldly  occupation." 


And  in  another  letter  written  from  Kensington^  to  his  friend  Mr.  Jame^l 
Hall,  at  Rome^  on  the  same  subject,  he  says. 


"  In  your  visit  to  Italy  yon  will  be  fre- 
quently stmcky  as  you  will  be  in  every 
quarter  reminded  of  it  (i.  e.  the  Assump- 
tion of  the  Virgin  by  Bartolomeo,)  by  the 
works  of  the  period  of  the  early  growth  of 
the  art.  These,  with  the  greatness  after- 
wards attained,  have  somewhat  the  con- 
nection of  cause  and  effect.  The  Ger- 
man students,  with  the  labours  of  one  of 
whom  you  have  interested  me,  have 
founded  their  process  of  study  upon  this — 
that  by  the  study  of  the  same  materials 
with  Raphael  they  might  arrive  at  the 
same  excellence.  This,  though  in  their 
hands  carried  to  excess,  with  a  kind  of 
h^aldic  minuteness  and  detail  bordering 
too  much  on  Albert  Durer,  is  yet  a  more 
reasonable  system  than  that  of  Mengs  and 
David,  who,  with  an  aim  the  converse  of 

In  1828  Wilkie  was  in  Spain,  where  he  resided  several  months,  dili- 
gently and  enthusiastically  employed  in  studying  the  noble  specimens  of 
Titian^  and  Velasquez,  and  Murillo,  to  be  found  there.  It  is  from  this 
visit  that  he  formed  his  high  admiration  of  the  colouring  of  these  great 
masters,  and  in  consequence  the  alteration  of  his  own  style. 

the  acclivity  of  the  Guadarama  mountains, 
nearly  thirty  miles  distant,  yet  clearly  seen 
from  Madrid.  No  one  ean  approach  it^ 
or  pass  its  threshold,  but  with  awe  and 


Bernini  in  reducing  marble  to  the  pic- 
turesque, have  imposed  upon  painting  the 
feeling  and  restraints  of  ancient  sculpture. 
Still  in  the  works  of  these  Germans, 
which  I  admired  extremely,  there  is  too 
much  left  out,  and  dispensed  with,  for 
qualities  long  left  behind  in  the  march  of 
invention.  The  world  that  has  once  seen 
the  grandeur  of  Michael  Angelo,  and  the 
breadth  of  Rembrandt,  is  incapable  of 
being  excited  by  early  simplicity ;  it  is 
only  as  a  part  of  a  study,  and  not  as  a 
whole,  that  it  is  valuable  :  and  could  their 
system  serve  us,  which  I  think  it  may,  aa 
the  Border  Minstrelsy  did  Sir  Walter  Scott, 
it  would  be  to  any  student  a  most  ad- 
mirable groundwork  for  a  new  style  of 
art.'» 


u 


The  Escurial,  above  all,  (he  writes,) 
haA  been  a  source  of  satisfaction.  This 
imaiense  fabric,  at  once  a  palace,  a  cathe- 
dral; and  a  convent,  stands  in  a  desert  on 


1 24  Cutiningliam'8  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie.  [Aug. 

revpect :  brsides  its    own  proper  splen-     Juanes,  Morales,  and  Alonzo  Cano,  are 
dour,  it  has  many  other  ohjects  of  deep     much  admired  here  ;  but  they  would  not, 
interest.     Under  its  grand  altar,  in  a  gor-     I  think,  detain  you  long  from  Velasquez 
g^Ottt  mausoleum,  are  deposited  the  ashes     and  Murillo,  who  give  originality  to  the 
of  the  monastic  Charles  the  Fifth,  while     school  of  Spain.     Of  the  former  there  are 
hard  by,  in  a  neglected  room,  or  rather     from  sixty  to  seventy  pictures,  portraits, 
p«ss«|^,  hangs,  like  a  mouldy  escutcheon,     histories,  fancy  subjects,  and  landscapes. 
the  famous  apotheosis  of  that  monarch,  by     An  Infanta  in  a  court  dress,  and  a  Dwarf, 
Titian.     Indeed,  here,  in  this  vast  build-     appear  to  me  the  finest  works  it  is  possi- 
ing,  are  numerous  works  of  various  merits    ble  to  conceive.     There  is  much  resem- 
and  pretensions  ;  you  have  domes,  ceil-     blance  between  Velasquez  and  the  works 
ings,  and  cloisters,  painted  by  one  of  the     of  some   of  the    chiefs   of  the  English 
Pellegrinis  and  Luca  Giordano  ;  the  latter    school ;  but,  of  all,  Raeburn  resembles  him 
of  whom,  with  Ribera,  the  Spagnoletto  of    most, inwhosesquaretouchinheads,  hands, 
Italian  art,  you  meet  with  at  every  turn,     and  accessories,  I  see  the  very  counter- 
There  are  Raphaels,  Rubenses,  Vandykes,     part  in  the  Spaniard.   It  is  true  this  mas- 
TintorettOB,  and    Paul  Veroneses ;   but^     ter  is  one  that  every  true  painter  must  in 
above  all,  the  number  of  the  Titians  sur-     his  heart  admire :  he  is  as  fine  in  some 
prised  me.     It  looks  like  the  very  work-    instances  in  colour  as  Titian ;  but,  to  me, 
shop  of  this  master ; — one  I  sought  for,    this  is  his  weak   point,  being  most  fre- 
witn  great  expectation,  which  you  well     quently  cold,  black,  and  without  transpa- 
know  from  the  sketch  Mr.  West  had.  The     rency.     For  handling,  no  one  surpasses 
picture  is  alone  at  one  end  of  the  great     him  ;  but,  in  colour,  Reynolds  is  much 
hall   of  the  refectory,  and  its  merits  for     beyond  him,  and  so  is  Murillo.     Com- 
beauty  of  composition  and  arrangement  of    pared  with  Murillo,  indeed,  he  has  greater 
colours  we  would  agree  upon ;  but  to  in-     talent ;    more  the  founder  of  a   school, 
quire  why  it  is  without  the  usual  tones  of    more  capable  of  giving  a  new  direction  to 
his  other  works  would,  were  you  present,     art ;  he  has  displayed  the  philosophy  of 
be  to  throw  down  the  apple  of  discord.  It     art, — but  Murillo  has  concealed  it,  and 
neither  wants  strength  nor  lustre,  but  it  is     we  are  surprised  that  art  and  address  can 
without  glazing  and  without  transparency,     do  so   much.     One   wonders,   too,    that 
and  destitute  of  that  rich  external  glow     sheer  simplicity  should  be  so  little  behind 
which  distinguishes  the  labours  of  Titian,     them.     In  painting  an  intelligent  portrait 
On  returning  to  Madrid,  to  the  Museum     Velasquez    is     nearly    unrivalled  ;    but, 
of  the  Prado,  Titian  still  continues  su.    where    he    attempts    simple  nature,   or 
preme  of  the   Italian  school.    The  Bac-     sacred  subjects,  he  is  far  inferior  to  Mu- 
chanals  of  his  earlier  style,  a  companion     rillo.    These  remarks  I  make  with   the 
to  Bacchus  and  Ariadne,  is  a  delicious     best  works  of  Velasquez  before  me,  and 
piece    of   colouring.     But    the    Spanish     without  having  seen  the  Moses  striking 
school  is,  to  a  stranger,  the  great  object  of     the  Rock,  said  to  be  the  best  work  of 
interest.    The    works    of  Juan  Battista     Murillo.'' 

We  must  add  another  brief  extract  on  this  very  interesting  subject  of 
the  Spanish  painters.     Wilkie  having  seen  the  Murillos  at  Seville,  writes. 


<< 


The    Capuchin  Convent    here  has,  golden,  and  possessing  little  depth  or  rich- 

with  respect  to  Murillo,  much  the  same  ness,  the  flesh  being  that  to  which  all  other 

interest  that  the  Escurial  has  with  regard  tints   are   subordinate For  female 

to  Titian.     Pictures  of  his  latter  years,  and  infantine  beauty  he  is  the  Correggio 

some  hastily  produced,   unfinished,  un-  of  Spain  ;  for  colouring  also  he  may  be 

glazed, — remaining  as  he  left  them,  un-  allowed  to  claim  a  comparison,  and  that  is 

changed  and  untouched.     On  the  right-  no  light  matter.     His  labours,  with  those 

side  altars,   and    over   the  grand  altar,  of  Francesco   Zurbaran,  have  given  to 

are  together  near  twenty    pictures;  the  Seville  much  of  that  interest  in  Spain  that 

only  works    1    have    yet   seen   without  Parma  or  Venice  have  in  Italy.     The 

the  tuning  so  csiential  in  the  works  of  Escurial  is  quite  a  mine  of  art ;  of  Titian 

thti  master Hospital  of  la  Caridad,  there  are  twenty-seven  pictures  ;  some  of 

great  ploturo  of  Mosei  Striking  the  Rook,  the  highest  excellence,  some  unfinished, 

and  Cnrlst  Feeding  the  Multitude.    Both  and  of  his  latter  years.    There  are  also 

high  pliood  and  badly  lighted  i  look  grey  endless  frescoes  on  the  domes,  ceilings, 

and  cfryi  but  both  urn  flnlshed  and  studied  staircases,  and  cloisters,  of  Giordano  and 

pkturei  I  Hgurei  with  great  relief   and  Pellegrini.    The  Museum  of  Art  contains 

rvuBdttwi  I  colour  urgtatlno  r«ther  th«n  alio  a  superb  collection  of  the  Italian 


1843.] 


CuiiniDgbam's  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie. 


125 


school.    Titian  is  here  also  in  the  ascend-     his  equestrian  portrait  of  Charles  the  Fifth, 
ant.     He  has,  at  least,  thirty  pictures ;     are  superb  productions/'  &c, 
his  Bacchanals,  Venus  and  Adonis i  and 

The  general  results  of  his  thoughts  on  the  Bubject  of  colouring  are 
given  in  the  following  passage. 


**  After  seeing  all  the  fine  pictures  in 
France,  Italy,  and  Germany,  one  must 
come  to  this  conclusion,  that  colour,  if  not 
the  first,  is  at  least  an  essential  quality  in 
painting.  No  master  has  as  yet  main- 
tained his  ground  beyond  his  own  time 
without  it.  But  in  oil  painting  it  is  rich- 
ness and  depth  alone  that  can  do  justice 
to  the  material.  Upon  this  subject  every 
prejudice  with  which  I  left  home  is,  if  any 
thing,  not  only  confirmed  but  increased. 
What  Sir  Joshua  wrote,  and  what  our 
friend  Sir  George  so  often  supported,  was 
right f  and,  after  seeing  what  I  have  seen, 
I  am  not  now  to  be  talked  out  of  it.  With 
us,  as  you  know,  every  young  exhibitor 
with  pink,  white,  and  blue,  thinks  him- 
self a  colourist  like  Titian,  than  whom, 
perhaps,  no  painter  is  more  misrepre- 
sented or  misunderstood.  I  saw  myself, 
at  Florence,  his  famous  Venus  upon  an 
easel,  with  Kirkup  and  Wallis  by  me. 
This  picture,  so  often  copied,  and  every 
copy  a  fresh  mistake,  is  what  I  expected 
it  to  be,  deep,  yet  brilliant ;  indescribable 
in  its  hues,  yet  simple  beyond  example  in 
its  execution  and  its  colouring.  Its  flesh 
(O !  how  our  friends  at  home  would  stare!) 
is  a  simple,  sober,  mixed  up  tint,  and, 
apparently,  like  your  skies,  completed 
while  wet.  No  scratchings,  no  hatchings, 
no  scambling,  nor  multiplicity  of  repe- 
titions, no  ultramarine  lakes  nor  vermil- 
lions,  not  even  a  mark  of  the  brush  visible, 
all  seemed  melted  in  the  fat  and  glowing 
mass,  solid  yet  transparent,  giving  the 


nearest  approach  to  life  that  the  painter's 
art  has  ever  yet  reached.  This  picture  is,* 
perhaps,  defective  in  its  arrangement,  but 
in  its  painting  quite  admirable.  Now  can 
nothing  like  Siis  ever  be  done  again  ?  Is 
such  toning  really  not  to  be  reproduced  ?' 
I  wish  to  believe  the  talent  exists,  and  am 
sure  the  material  exists.  But  we  have 
now  got  another  system  ;  our  criterion  of 
judging  is  changed  ;  we  prefer  a  something^ 
else,  or,  what  is  still  more  blinding,  there 
is  a  something  else  we  mistake  for  it. 
Another  picture,  with  which  I  was  greatly 
pleased,  was  the  Assumption  of  the  Virgin, 
by  Fra.  Bartolomeo,  at  Lucca.  This  pic- 
ture, painted  by  a  monk  before  the  time 
of  Raphael,  and  in  the  retirement  of  a 
convent,  has,  with  the  finer  qualities  of 
the  period  of  Raphael,*  superadded  all  the 
inventions  in  colour  and  effect  of  Rubens 
and  Rembrandt.  This  is  a  style  for  HiU 
ton  to  follow ;  brightness  and  richness  are 
here  combined.  West  often  talked  of  this 
picture ;  and  our  friend  Woodburn  used 
to  say  he  would  place  it  by  the  side  of  the 
Transfiguration.  I  perhaps  say  more  of 
colour  than  I  ought,  this,  as  you  know> 
being  with  some  of  our  Mends  the  dis« 
putable  subject.  Sir  George  Beaumont 
used  to  remark  that  water-coloured  draw- 
ings had  tainted  our  exhibitions.  I  have 
observed  throughout  my  travels  this  dif- 
ference between  the  pictures  of  the  pre- 
sent day  and  the  old  masters,  that  they 
are  never  found  in  the  same  room,  and 
seldom  in  the  same  gallery.     Collectors 


*  On  this  picture  of  Bartolomeo,  Wilkie  writes  in  equally  high  praise  in  his  Journal. 
See  vol.  II.  p.  451.  **  This  one  work  seems  to  combine  the  character  and  composition 
of  Raphael  with  the  deep  tone  of  Titian,  and  the  qualities  of  yet  more  recent  applica- 
tion, the  light,  and  shade,  and  rotundity  of  Rembrandt,  with  the  brilliancy  of  Rubens. 
Let  it  not  be  said  that  it  was  left  for  the  Bolognese  painters  to  produce  the  union  of 
all  excellence  ;  here  it  is  done  to  their  hands  in  the  infancy  of  art.  Here  a  monk,  in 
the  retirement  of  the  cloister,  shut  out  from  the  taunts  and  criticisms  of  the  world, 
seems  to  have  anticipated,  in  his  early  time,  all  that  his  art  could  arrive  at  in  its  most 
advanced  maturity  ;  and  this  he  has  been  able  to  do  without  the  usual  blandishments 
of  the  more  recent  periods,  and  with  all  the  higher  qualities  peculiar  to  the  age  in 
which  he  lived.  This  is  a  symmetrical  composition ;  the  arrangement  is  most  admirable. 
The  characters  have  all  the  dignity  the  subject  requires,  excepting  only  the  celestial 
ones  ;  their  expression  is  not  so  elevated  as  Raphael  would  have  made  them,  nor  the 
drawing  of  the  figures  so  pure.  The  picture  may  have  suffered  a  little  in  cleaning,  and 
I  am  told  has  done  so  from  retouching  ;  yet,  considering  its  age,  its  condition  is  re- 
markably good,  and  the  effect  impressive  and  brilliant.  The  shadows  are  both  deep 
and  warm » the  lights  bright  and  rich,  the  colours  remarkable  in  being  strong,  almost 
unbroken,  and  yet  harmonious.  Here  are  the  gay  colours  of  Rubens,  the  deep  colours 
of  Titian,  and  the  utmost  strength  of  the  opposing  colours  of  the  Roman  8chool| 
jre^uced  into  perfect  ton^  and  uiu9n«" 


126 


Ci]nniDgham*s  lAf^  of  Sir  David  Wilkie. 


[Aug. 


here  (never)  place  them  together  in  the 
same  room,  and  artists  seem  content  with 
the  exclusion.  The  Duke  of  Bedford 
seems  actuated  by  the  same  feeling.  He 
has  parted  with  his  old  pictures,  intending 
to  collect  modem  pictures  in  their  place. 


He  perhaps  judges  that  they  cannot  be 
amalgamated  together.  This  is  a  prejudice 
that  painters  themselves  should  get  rid  of. 
He  once  asked  me  to  paint  a  companion 
to  his  Teniers ;  he  had  then  no  thoughts 
of  parting  with  it/'  &c. 


We  shall  conclude  our  extracts  on  these  professional  subjects  with  some 
accouDt  of  the  principles  of  painting  prevalent  in  England.  The  following 
observations  on  the  defective  principles  of  the  Enfflish  school,  and  on  their 
imperfect  views  of  art,  in  a  letter  to  his  friend  Mr.  Collins^  are  well 
worthy  of  remark. 


<<  i  need  not  detail  to  you  what  I  have 
seen  in  tlie  Escurial,  in  Madrid,  or  Seville ; 
it  is  general  ideas  alone  I  wish  to  advert 
to.  Being  the  only  member  of  our  acade- 
my who  has  seen  Spain,  perhaps  it  is  to 
be  regretted  that  I  see  it  with  an  acknow- 
ledged bias  or  prejudice,  in  which  I  fear 
scarcely  any  will  participate*  With  some 
of  my  kindest  mends,  indeed,  much  of 
what  I  have  seen  and  thought  will  cast 
between  us  an  influence  like  the  apple  of 
discord ;  and  if  some  of  our  youths,  with 
less  matured  minds, — while  I  write  this 
with  one  hand,  fancy  me  covering  my  face 
with  the  other, — should  venture  now  that 
an  entrance  to  the  mysterious  land  has 
been  opened,  across  the  Bidassoa,  what  a 
conflict  in  testimony  there  would  be.  The 
spiritual  Velasquez,  whose  principle  and 
practice  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  so  justly 
calls  the  true  philosophy  of  art,  would  be 
rendered  with  all  the  dash  and  splash  that 
tongue,  pen,  or  pencil,  is  capable  of,  while 
the  simple  MuriUo,  perhaps  despised  like 
Gtoldsmith>  for  his  very  excellence,  would 
have  his  Correggio-like  tones  transformed 
into  the  flowery  gaudiness  of  a  coloured 
print.  £ven  the  glorious  Titian,  in  this 
last  stronghold,  where  his  virgin  surface 
will  probably  remain  longest  untouched, 
might  have  his  Apotheosis  and  his  Last 
Supper  dressed  up  according  to  the  newest 
mien  of  blues,  pinks,  and  yellows,  adapted 
to  the  supposed  taste  of  the  picture-seeing 
public.  But  the  system  which  we  depre- 
cate is,  after  all,  now  confined  to  our  own 
school,  or  to  our  own  time.  Luca  Giordano 
and  Tiepolo  have  tried  it  with  sufficient 
talent  and  eclat  to  prove  that  neither  the 
one  nor  the  other  (the  principle  being 
wrong)  could  be  warrant  for  its  lasting  suc- 
cess. There  is  one  test  by  which  all  artists 
returning  from  abroad  should  try  them* 
selves.  You  know  the  tmall  hand  which 
Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  painted  the  first  after 
his  return  from  Rome :  it  is  in  something 
Mke  this  that  is  summed  up  to  me  all  the 
law  and  the  commandments.  In  viewing 
some  of  the  finest  works  I  have  been  often 
reminded  of  Sir  Joshua  by  their  finest 
qualities.     At  Bayonne  is  a  parcel  of 


prints  waiting  my  arrival :  among  them 
are  three  from  Reynolds.  These,  coming 
as  I  do  from  Velasquez  and  Titian,  seem 
the  work  of  a  kindred  spirit.  With  these 
are  also  some  prints  ftrom  works  of  my  own, 
which,  as  from  my  picture  at  Munich,  I 
have  learned  an  useful  lesson.  They 
strengthen  me  in  what  I  felt  most  doubt- 
ful, and  weaken  my  confidence  in  what  I 
felt  most  assured  odf.  I  feel  the  wisdom 
of  Sir  George  Beaumont's  advice,  to  re- 
flect that  white  is  not  light,  and  that  de- 
tail is  not  finish.  A  casual  remark  in  one 
of  your  own  letters,  though  I  have  before 
noticed  it  to  you,  has  made  a  deep  im- 
pression. Your  observation  on  seeing 
the  surface  of  my  picture  of  the  Penny 
Wedding  in  the  Royied  Cottage,  Windsor, 
was  unexpected,  but  has  been  hearty  and 
useful  to  me,  for  I  have  since  adopted  it 
as  a  principle.  With  me  no  starved  snr* 
face  now,  no  dread  of  oil,  no  perplexity 
for  fear  of  change.  Your  manner  of 
painting  a  sky  is  the  manner  in  which  I 
try  to  paint  a  whole  picture.  Much  as  I 
might  learn  from  Spain,  and  from  her 
arts,  you  as  a  landscape  painter  could 
learn  but  little,  excepting  only  from  some 
works  of  Velasquez,  who,  in  landscape,  is 
a  brilliant  exception  to  the  Spanish  school. 
Of  him  I  saw  a  large  landscape  at  Madrid, 
that  for  breadth  and  richness  I  have  sel- 
dom seen  equalled.  Titian  seemed  his 
model ;  and  I  could  venture  to  fancy  that 
in  it  Sir  George  Beaumont  and  Sir  Joshua 
would  have  recognised  their  beau-ideal  of 
landsci^e.  It  was  too  abstract  to  have 
much  detail  or  imitation  ;  but  it  had  the 
very  same  sun  we  see,  and  the  air  we 
breathe,  the  very  soul  and  spirit  of  nature. 
I  return  highly  satisfied  with  my  journey  : 
the  seven  months  and  ten  days  passed  in 
Spain  I  may  reckon  as  the  best  employed 
time  of  my  professional  life,  the  only  part 
of  my  residence  abroad  for  which  1  may 
be  fairly  envied  by  my  brethren  in  art. 
To  be  in  eye,  all  ear,  and  all  recollection, 
has  been  my  object ;  yet,  after  all  I  could 
note  down  or  bring  away,  much  must  still 
be  intrusted  to  the  memory.  Spain  is  the 
wUd  unpoachcd  game-prcienre  <n  Baropc^ 


1843] 


CJanningliam's  Life  of  Sir  David  WilkU. 


127 


in  wUch  I  have  had  six  months'  freedom 
to  myself  alone,  and,  in  returning  among 
you  all  again,  must  guard  myself  against 
attributing  to  the  merit  of  the  teller  that 
interest  which  belongs  exclusively  to  the 
story  itself.  I  hope  to  be  with  you  before 
the  close  of  the  Exhibition.  I  know 
already  how  it  looks  :  you  have  got  some 
beautiful  things  in  it.     Sir  Thomas  (Law- 


rence) has  got  all  the  beauties  of  fashion, 
and  Tumetf  I  fear,  will  be  as  violent  as 
ever.  I  have  some  doubt  if  Danby  will 
succeed  often  ;  quantity  and  multitude 
cannot  legitimate.  I  shidl  have  to  refresh 
my  memory,  however,  in  the  ejptraordinary 
styles  of  the  English  school,  and  to  know 
what  disposition  of  colours  is  the  go  for 
the  season  among  the  exhibitors/'  &c. 


Having  confined  ourselves  altogether  to  the  painter,  it  would  not  be 
fair  to  conclude  without  allowing  one  feature  of  the  man  to  appear  in  the 
portrait.  We  do  not  speak  of  Wilkie's  general  character^  which  was  most 
amiable  and  worthy  of  his  name ;  but  we  must  extract  an  amusing 
anecdote  of  that  patriotic  ardour,  which  seems  to  distinguish  the  inhabi- 
tants of  every  nation,  exactly  in  proportion  as  no  other  persons  can  see 
any  thing  in  the  beloved  country  to  admire  or  esteem. 

<<  I  remember  once,  on  my  way  with  dinner.  '  I'm  of  that  ilk,  sir,'  was  his 
Wilkie  (says  Mr.  Cunningham)  to  a  Lord  reply ;  '  my  father  was  a  Scotchman.* 
Mayor's  dinner,   in  the  earlier  days  of    '  Was  he  really,*  exclaimed  Wilkie,  grasp- 


our  acquaintance,  I  told  him  of  an  old 
Scotch  lady,  such  as  he  loved  to  draw, 
who  resided  at  Brook  Green.  *  Ay,  ay,* 
said  he,  *  she  maun  be  a  nice  body.'     *  in- 


mg  the  other's  hand  quite  brotherly; 
*  and  my  mother  was  Irish  I'  *  Ay,  ay» 
was  she  really  ;'  and  the  hand  relaxed  its 
fervour ;  '  and  I  was  born  in  England.* 
deed  she  is,'  I  replied ;  '  she  refused  my     Wilkie  let  go  Thomson's  hand  altogether. 


offer  of  earnest  money  when  I  took 
lodgings  in  her  house,  saying,  '  Na,  na, 
pot  up  your  money,  man  ;  ye're  a  Scotch- 
man, and  will  pay  me.'  *  That's  true,' 
I  said,   and  I  looked  on   her  curiously ; 


turned  his  back  on  him,  and  indulged  in 
no  further  conversation.  My  friend  Thorn- 
son,  a  wit  as  well  as  a  painter,  perhaps 
caricatured  this  conversation ;  but  I  re- 
member it  was  received  as  true   to  the 


'  but  I  am  glad  to  hear  you  are  of  that  spirit  of  Wilkie  when  it  was  first  told, 
land  yourself.'  < 'Deed,  Sir,  I'm  frae  His  love  of  country  was  not  more  remark- 
Edinburgh.'  *  Weel  then.  Madam,  I  may  able  than  his  prudence  of  speech.  He 
say  we  are  acquainted,  for  my  father  was  seldom  spoke  without  reflection  ;  he 
an  Edinburgh  man,  at  least  he  came  from  uttered  all  he  said  as  deliberately  as  he 
Ratho,  and  that's  as  bad.'  '  Ratho  !  (she  painted ;  and  he  never  drew  or  painted 
said,  with  a  sudden  change  of  voice,)  I  at  random.  When  Wilkie  first  began  to 
have  na  heard  that  sound  these  thirty  exhibit  at  the  Royal  Academy,  the  success 
years.  I  am  a  Ratho  woman,  and  my  of  The  Village  Politicians  was  so  decided, 
maiden  name  was  SomerviUe.'  Wilkie  that  his  Mends  gave  him  a  dinner  on  the 
exclaimed  with  much  earnestness,  '  Ay,  occasion.  One,  the  pertest  of  the  com- 
really  now,  was  your  father  frae  Ratho  ?•—  pany,  rose  and  said,  *  We  have  met  hert 
so  was  mine ;'  and  the  hearty  soul- warm  to  do  honour  to  genius  ;  but,  before  welcan 
shake  of  the  hand  which  he  then  gave  me  honour  genivs,  we  must  honour  justice ; 
I  shall,  as  long  as  I  breathe,  remember  and  can  justice  be  honoured  while  England 


with  delight.  On  pursuing  the  matter 
further,  we  found  that  Wilkie's  father  and 
mine  came  from  the  same  lands,  viz.  the 
farms  of  Upper  and  Nether  Goger.  Wilkie 
was  a  warm  but  not  blind  lover  of  his 
country :  in  the  sight  of  Englishmen,  in- 
deed, he  was  regarded  as  one  who  half 
shut  his  eyes  to  all  other  merit  save  the 
Caledonians.  *  Thomson  ;  ye  maun  be 
a  Scotch  Thomson,  I'll  warrant,'  said 
Wilkie  to  Henry  Thomson,  as  they  sat 
together  for  the  first  time  at  an  Academy 


groans  from  side  to  side  ?  I  give,  gentle- 
men, the  toast  which  will  set  all  right, 
'  A  full  and  free  reform  in  the  House  of 
Commons.'  All  glasses  were  elevated 
and  touching  the  lip  ere  the  toast  was 
given,  and  which  Wilkie,  at  least,  did  not 
expect.  There  was  no  time  to  protest, 
and  but  little  to  hesitate ;  '  Ay,  but  very 
moderate  though,*  he  muttered,  and 
emptied  the  glass  :  it  was  long  remembered 
by  his  friends,  by  the  name  of  Wilkie's 
protest." 


Wilkie  was  among  the  most  popular^  or  rather  he  was  the  most  popular 
of  the  painters  of  his  day  ;  his  pictures  were  in  greater  request,  and  sold  at 
higher  prices  than  those  of  any  others.  This  was  not  the  result  only  of  his 
general  excellence  and  skilly  but  of  his  adaptation  of  his  style  to  the  tastes 


128  Cunningham's  Life  of  Sir  David  Wilkie.  [Aug. 

and  feelings  of  the  public  mind.  He  laid  it  down  as  a  maxim^  that  a 
painter  who  desired  to  rise  in  and  through  his  art^  should  consider  the 
demand  for  his  commodities  in  the  market,  and  the  character  and  influence 
of  his  purchasers^  and  fit  his  works  to  their  wishes.  The  architecture  of 
the  houses  in  England  is  not  adapted  to  pictures  of  a  very  large  size^  nor 
is  the  general  feeling  elevated  to  the  highest  subjects  of  art.  The  splendid 
allegories  in  the  Luxemburg^  or  the  triumphs  of  Caesar  at  Hampton  Court, 
would  long  wait  for  purchasers ;  and  all  the  glories  of  the  Vatican  or 
the  Escurial  would  look  in  vain  for  a  temple  worthy  of  their  fame.  No 
English  artist  has  ever  been  loved  for  the  produce  of  historical  compo- 
sitions -y  Fuseli  was  almost  starved  by  his  Gods  and  Daemons  ^  his  Milton 
Gallery,  the  work  of  wild  but  powerful  genius,  brought  him  nothing  but 
an  increase  of  fame  5  and  the  example  of  some  living  artists  of  great 
merit  could  corroborate  the  fact.  But  this  observation  will  apply  also  to 
painters  of  inferior  rank  and  more  popular  character.  Though  the  price 
of  Wilkie*8  pictures  varied  from  about  200  to  500  guineas,  yet  such  was 
the  labour  of  thought  employed  in  them,  such  the  time  expended  in  col- 
lecting materials^  and  in  discovering  fresh  characters^  such  his  anxiety  to 
make  his  composition  full  of  meaning,  to  stamp  each  person  with  distinct 
and  indelible  character,  and  to  bring  out  to  the  full  the  sentiment  he  in- 
tended to  express, — that  no  price  which  could  be  asked  even  of  liberal 
purchasers,  would  compensate  him  for  the  time  employed  on  them.  Hence, 
like  his  brother  artists,  he  was  obliged  to  look  for  profit  to  portraits.  In 
the  demand  for  portraiture,  his  biographer  tells  us,  he  perceived  the 
domestic  feeling  of  the  people,  and  in  the  encouragement  of  this  branch 
of  art,  private  patronage  is  not  niggard  of  its  stores.  Yet  even  here 
Wilkie  founds  as  others  before  him,  that  it  was  difficult  to  satisfy  the  public 
mind^  and  especially  those  who  were  immediately  interested  in  the  portrait. 
The  hrst  thing  that  the  sitter  and  his  friends  require,  is  an  accurate  hkeness  : 
yet  experience  proves  that  a  too  severe  and  accurate  likeness  may  be  in  a 
portrait.  A  friend  of  Wiikie's  observed,  that  there  were  two  natural  things 
in  a  picture  to  be  counteracted, — the  want  of  movement  and  the  want  of 
life, — to  supply  these,  there  must  be  more  of  youth  and  health  than  the 
person  who  is  represented  seems  to  possess.  Besides  this,  every  portrait 
should  be  a  poetic  likeness  of  the  original,  as  every  landscape  is  a  genera- 
lized conception  of  the  beauties  of  some  scene  in  nature.  Certain  altera- 
tions must  be  made  in  the  arrangement  of  the  features  even  of  the  finest 
countenance.  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  used  to  say,  that,  even  in  the  majestic 
head  of  Mrs.  Siddons,  there  were  parts  and  forms  which  did  not  seem  to  be- 
long to  her,  and  should  therefore  be  omitted  in  her  portraiture.  It  is  not  only 
resemblance  but  character  that  is  required  -,  therefore  all  that  is  acci- 
dental, temporary,  fugitive,  extraneous,  should  be  left  out;  all  that  is  liable 
to  alteration  and  change.  Wilkie  himself  tells  us,  "  that  a  strictly  accurate 
likeness  is  by  no  means  necessary  to  recognition  3  that  a  too  faithful  re- 
semblance of  the  person  ill  supplies  the  impression  left  of  his  Uving  image, 
with  defects  made  palpable  to  increase  the  resemblance,  and  intelligence 
considered  by  minute  detail ;  a  portrait  of  this  kind,  compared  with  what  it 
imitates,  is  dull  and  heavy,  without  motion  as  it  is  without  life."  Such 
a  portrait  is  at  best  disliked  and  often  in  time  discarded  by  those  to  whom 
its  likeness  was  originally  its  only  value.  Yet  true  as  these  observations 
are,  and  familiar  to  every  one  acquainted  with  the  principles  of  the  art  to 
which  they  belong,  they  are  scarcely  intelligible  or  satisfactory  to  the 
common  mind  5  nothing  will  content  them  but  a  likeness  that  is  start- 
2 


1843]']  The  Church  of  Cogan,  Glamorganshire.  1 29 

ling,  striking,  and  real ;  a  something  which  a  child  or  a  servant  might  not 
only  know,  but  mistake  for  the  reality ;  and,  as  North  cote  used  to  say, 
*'  the  house  dog  must  bark  also  in  token  of  recognition."*  It  is  now  only 
necessary  to  add,  that,  in  our  opinion,  Mr.  Allan  Cunningham  has  done 
justice  to  his  subject,  and  produced  a  work  of  great  interest  and  utility. 
His  partiality  to  his  friend  and  countryman  has  been  sufficient  to  throw 
a  warmth  and  colouring  over  the  resemblance>  yet  without  exaggeration, 
or  a  bias  that  would  lead  his  taste  and  judgment  astray.  In  one  only 
point  we  consider  him  in  error,  viz.  when  he  compares  Wilkie  in  colour • 
tng  to  the  great  Dutch  and  Flemish  masters.  This  is  altogether  wrong : 
in  spirit,  in  character,  in  sentiment,  in  dramatic  interest,  he  was  superior 
to  them  all )  as  he  was  immeasurably  inferior  in  clearness  and  brilliancy 
and  power  of  colouring,  which  indeed  bore  no  proportion  to  his  other 
merits.  We  are  speaking  of  his  first  and  favourite  style,  which  gained  him 
such  deserved  populafity.  Of  his  second,  which  he  brought  from  the 
galleries  of  Italy  and  Spain,  from  the  pictures  of  Titian  and  Velasquez, 
and  which  took  the  public  mind  by  surprise,  we  have  had  no  time  to 
speak  3  but  must  refer  to  the  judicious  remarks  of  his  biographer  on  the 
subject. 

Mr.  Urban,                  April  18.  The  west  wall  is  also  without  win- 

AS  the  ecclesiastical  arrangements  dows,  though  there  are  traces  of  a 

of  this  district  have  rendered  it  un-  filled- up  loop.    The  gable  is  of  rude 

advisable    to  repair    the    church  of  construction,   and  contains   a  single 

Cogan,  it  is  probable  that  it  will  soon  cell  covered  by  a  flat  stone, 

cease  to  exist  altogether ;  I  am  therefore  The  nave  is  lighted  from  the  south 

anxious,  before  this  event  takes  place,  side.    The  door-case  is  small,  neatly 

to  record  a  description  of  the  edifice  worked  in  stone,  with  a  four- centred 

upon  your  pages.                           C.  arch,  and  late  perpendicular  mould- 

ings.    The  window  cast  of  the  door  is 

This  church  is  prettily  situated  upon  modern,  and  intended  to  light  the  pul- 

a  small  knoll  of  lias  rock,  from  the  pit.    That  on  the  west  has  a  broad 

south-west  side  of  which  gushes  out  a  recess  with  a  depressed  arch.    The 

spring  of  water.  window  itself  is  double,  and  the  lights 

The  building  is  composed  of  a  nave,  are  Small,   pointed,  and    plain,  and 

chancel,  and  south  porch.  The  western  separated  by  a  heavy  mullion.    The 

wall  of  the  nave  terminates  in  a  plain  heads  of  the  two  lights  are  carved 

bell- gable.  from  a  single  stone. 

There  are  no  windows  in  the  north  The  porch  is  of  stone,  with  a  seat 

wall  of  the  nave.    Two  flat  projections  on  either  side,  and  a  rude  recess  in  the 

resembling  Norman  buttresses,  appear,  north-east  corner,   which  may  have 

one  at  each  end,  and  a  double  band  of  contained  a  stoop.    The  outer  arch  of 

herring-bone  work,   separated    by  a  the  porch  is  depressed,  very  plain,  but 

course  of  ordinary  masonry,  appears  apparently  of  Decorated  date.     The 

in  the  wall  at  a  little  height  above  the  roof  is  of  timber,  probably  modern, 

ground.  The  interior  of  the  nave  is  surrounded 

*  The  grace  and  beauty  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds's  portraits  was  accomplished 
greatly  at  the  expense  of  likeness.  Hoppner  remarked,  that  even  to  him  it  was  a 
matter  of  surprise  that  Reynolds  could  send  home  portraits  with  so  little  resemblance 
to  the  originals.  This  occasioned  in  his  day  many  of  his  portraits  to  be  left  on  his 
hands,  or  turned  to  the  wall.  The  likenesses  also  of  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  were 
celebrated  as  the  most  successful  of  his  time ;  yet  no  likenesses  exalted  so  much  or 
refined  on  the  originals.  He  wished  to  seize  the  expression,  rather  than  copy  the 
features ;  and  those  who  knew  and  could  compare  the  heads  he  painted  with  the 
originals,  must  have  been  stmek  ¥Fith  the  liberties  he  would  take  in  changing  and  re- 
fining tfa«  iMtures  before  him.  Sir  Joshua  seems  to  have  re-created  and  idealised  the 
indiridual  person,  as  well  as  the  groups  when  under  his  pencil,  showing  a  boldness  and 
diversity  of  arrangement  na«zampled  in  the  history  of  portraiture.  See  Wilkie*s  Life| 
ToL  iii»  p«  17S|  ^ 

Gktt,  Ua9.  Vol.  XX,  S 


Cogan  Church.'-^Sir  W.  Bethatn's  Etruria  Celtica,        [Aug. 


130 

on  the  north  and  west  sides  by  a  plain 
stone  bench.  The  pavement  at  the 
western  end  rises  one  step,  forming  a 
sort  of  dais.  The  eastern  wall,  towards 
the  chancel,  is  of  considerable  thick- 
ness, and  pierced  by  a  semicircular 
Norman  arch,  with  plain  block  im- 
posts, and  without  ornament  or  mould- 
ing of  any  kind.  The  roof  of  the 
nave  is  of  oak,  of  a  simple  pattern,  but 
in  excellent  taste. 

In  the  central  line  of  the  nave,  to- 
wards the  west  end  but  below  the 
dais,  stands  the  font.  The  bowl  is 
heavy  Norman,  quadrangular  above 
and  rounded  below,  and  rests  upon  a 
short  cylindrical  stem,  which  in  its 
turn  is  supported  by  a  square  block, 
chamfered  at  the  angles. 

The  chancel  is  very  small.  The 
north  and  east  walls  show  the  herring- 


bone work  ;  the  south  wall  is  con- 
cealed by  foliage.  In  the  north  and 
south  walls  are  trefoil-headed  loops. 
There  is  at  present  no  east  window. 
The  communion-table  is  raised  upon 
a  step.  On  the  south  side  is  a  stone 
bench,  above  which  is  a  recess,  very 
rude,  but  possibly  intended  as  a  sort 
of  stall.    The  roof  is  modern. 

In  the  chancel  floor  are  two  slabs, 
one  to  "Edward  Herbert,  esq.  died 
3  Sept.  1670,  and  Elizabeth  his  wife, 
died  17  March,  1664.  Arms:  Her- 
bert, "  per  pale  3  lionels,"  impaling 
"  a  lion  rampant."  The  other  stone 
is  to  the  memory  of  Mary,  wife  of 
Philip  Herbert,  Gent,  of  Cogan,  died 
23  Dec.  1676. 

Against  the  outer  wall  of  the  nave, 
east  of  the  porch,  is  a  mural  slab  to 


John  Davies  of  Cogan.    Died  27  January,  1790,  set.  82. 

Mary,  his  wife.     Died  21  January,  1800,  «t.  77* 

Daniel,  died  5  July  1811,  an  infant.  *\  Children  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth, 
William,  died  17  April,  1818,  set.  17.  >  and  grandchildren  of  John  and 
Thomas,  died  11  May,  1823,  set.  18.  J      Mary  Davies. 


The  foundation  of  this  church  is 
undoubtedly  early  Norman,  earlier 
than  any  visible  part  of  Llanda£f. 
The  north  wall  of  the  nave,  and  the 
north  east,  and  probably  the  south 
wall  of  the  chancel,  are  original,  as  is 
the  arch  into  the  chancel,  and  proba- 
bly the  font.  The  south  side  of  the 
nave,  probably  its  west  end,  and  the 
north,  seem  to  be  Decorated,  but  the 
south  door  is  late  perpendicular. 

This  church  has  been  suffered  to  fall 
into  decay.  It  is  now  eleven  years 
since  divine  service  has  been  performed 
in  it,  and  probably  much  more  since 
it  received  any  repairs.  At  present 
the  roof  every  where  is  in  bad  order, 
and  towards  the  western  end  the  nave 
is  open  to  the  sky,  as  is  the  porch. 
The  pews,  pulpit,  and  reading  pew  all 
of  deal,  are  of  modern  date,  and  have 
already  fallen  to  pieces,  and  lie  rotting 
in  a  heap.  The  font  is  separated  at  the 
joint  into  two  pieces,  and  lies  over- 
thrown upon  the  floor,  which  is  thickly 
strewed  with  the  broken  slate  and 
rotten  wood.  The  walls  are  cracked 
and  giving  way,  the  chancel  is  covered 
with  ivy,  and  the  whole  south  side  of 
the  church  is  overgrown  with  elder 
and  brambles,  and  a  plentiful  crop  of 
nettles.  At  its  present  rate  of  decay 
another  ten  years  will  leave  little  more 


than  the  stout  Norman  wall  that  sepa- 
rates the  chancel  from  the  nave,  and 
of  this  edifice,  which  has  lasted  nearly 
nine  hundred  years,  the  memory  only 
will  remain.  C. 


Mr.  Urban, 


Stamford  Villas, 
July  20. 

YOUR  Correspondent  Sir  William 
Betham,  author  of"  Etruria  Celtica,"  a 
work  which  assumes  to  have  investi- 
gated the  language  of  the  Etruscans, 
and  identified  it  with  the  Iberno-Celts, 
has  attacked  me  as  your  Reviewer, 
"  passing  with  a  rail-road  speed"  over 
the  matter  contained  in  his  pages,  and 
misquoting  in  one  instance,  by  the  use 
of  a  wrong  consonant,  an  instance 
given  by  him  of  supposed  coincidence 
between  an  Etruscan  and  an  Irish  word. 

"  The  head  and  front  of  my  oflfending" 
was  the  following  passage. 

"  Under  the  head  of  the  Geography  of 
Italy,  Etruria,  &c.  our  author  labours  to 
reduce  the  classic  names  of  places  by  the 
monosyllabic  system  into  Irish  roots. 
One  example  will  suffice — Liguria — the 
writer  affirms,  implies  obviously  the  rocky 
coast  —  liaSf  rocky  —  wr,  coast  —  la, 
country.  The  supposed  compound  is  evi- 
dently forced,  and  the  stubborn  g  in  the 
middle  of  the  word  opposes  an  insuperable 
obstacle  to  the  etymology  suggested4*^ 


1843.]  Elruria  CeUica. — Skeletons  found  at  Manchester. 


131 


Now  in  writing  his  Iberno-Etruscan, 
Sir  William  Betham  thinks  fit  to  give 
it  the  mysterious  garb  of  the  Saxon 
character  used  by  the  Irish,  and  I  un- 
happily with  "  the  rail* road  glance" 
I  suppose  of  a  critic's  eye,  read  has^  as 
liaj*.  The  error  did  not  materially 
affect  the  objection  to  the  piece-meal 
mode  of  etymology.  I  however  hastened 
as  soon  as  discovered  to  correct  it, 
and  substituted  another  example. 

Surely,  Mr.  Urban,  he  who  com- 
plains of  misquotation  in  one  single 
letter  of  the  alphabet,  should  not  him- 
self misquote  a  whole  sentence  for  the 
sake  of  gaining  a  point  against  his  ad- 
versary.  SirWilliam  Betham  in  his  com- 
munication to  you  of  June  I,  inserted 
in  your  July  number,  makes  me  say, 
**  the  stubborn  g  in  the  middle  of  the 
word,  negatives  the  etymology  by  its 
absence."  Had  I  really  written  such 
unintelligible  nonsense  as  this  sentence 
contains,  I  should  have  deserved 
critical  dissection  by  any  process, 
polysyllabic  or  monosyllabic,  which 
the  ingenuity  of  the  author  of  Etruria 
Celtica  might  invent ;  but  happily  for 
me  the  passage  has  no  existence  but 
in  his  own  communication. 

1  must  bring  the  author  in  candour 
to  the  acknowledgment,  that,  however 
his  object  might  be  to  repudiate  Greek 
derivations  in  his  system  of  Ibernian 
deductions,  still  should  one  obviouslv 
present  itself  it  ought  to  meet  with 
consideration.  It  must  be  remembered, 
that  it  was  in  the  pursuit  of  a  pre- 
conceived theory,  that  Sir  William 
Betham,  meeting  with  certain  "  stub- 
born" points  or  colons  in  the  Eugu- 
bian  tables,  which  forbad  his  mono- 
syllabic interpretations,  threw  them 
all  unceremoniously  over-board,  it  may 
be  supposed  exclaiming,  "  Hence,  you 
are  of  no  use  but  to  obstruct  my  hy- 
pothesis."* Wicked  enough  this  of  the 
Etruscan  scribes,  though  it  has  shewn 
their  powers  of  forethought  to  a  degree 
almost  incredible.  Was  there  any  other 
way  of  guarding  these  sacred  tables 
from  Antiquarian  profanation  ?  As 
to  the  Greek  derivation  for  Campania, 
I  had  little  to  do  with  it.  It  was  de- 
rived from  those  trite  lexicographers, 
Littleton  and  Ainsworth,  who  knew 
I  will  admit  little  or  nothing  of  Etrusco- 


*  See  Etruria  Celtka,  vol.  i.  p.  61,  et 


Iberno-Celtic,  and  therefore  may  be 
supposed  to  be  ill-fitted  for  etymo- 
logical criticism.  The  general  tenor 
of  my  review  was  much  in  favour  of 
Sir  William  Betham's  labours,  and  I 
hoped  would  have  been  satisfactory. 
If  I  hinted  that  he  had  failed  as  yet  to 
prove  his  point,  I  said  nothing  more 
than  has  been  asserted  by  the  Irish 
Academy,  and  by  many  unprejudiced 
critics.  I  looked  for  the  acceptance  of 
a  generous  if  dissentient  spirit,  not  for 
castigation  at  his  hands.  I  have  shown 
that  he  has  most  widely  misquoted  or 
rather  altered  a  passage  of  my  review, 
and,  as  I  made  him  the  a7nende  honorable 
for  a  single  letter,  I  claim  of  him 
similar  explanation^  on  the  Horatian 
,  principle : — 


I  **  equum  est, 
Peccatis    veniam   poscentemi  reddere 
rursus.'* 

I  make  these  few  observations  in  re- 
ply to  Sir  William  Betham,  without  any 
intention  of  detracting  from  his  zealous 
researches  as  an  antiquary,  or  of  deny- 
ing that  his  hypothesis,  if  unsupported 
to  the  extent  he  desires,  may  yet  elicit 
some  valuable  points  for  the  philologist. 

Alfred  J.  Kbmpe. 


Mr.  Urban,     Winchester,  July  24. 

IN  sinking  the  foundation  for  the 
purpose  of  enclosing  a  portion  of  a 
field,  adjoining  the  residence  of  the 
Rev.  Mr,  Rashleigh,  near  Hyde  Ab- 
bey, two  skeletons  were  discovered, 
but  at  a  considerable  distance  from 
each  other.  One,  in  a  tolerably  per- 
fect condition,  was  lying  quite  straight, 
looking  towards  the  east,  and  appa- 
rently that  of  a  young  person,  of  ra- 
ther short  stature.  A  musket  bullet 
was  found  near  the  back.  The  other 
body  may,  with  strong  probability,  be 
referred  to  a  much  earlier  period.  It 
appeared  to  have  been  hastily  interred 
in  the  chalk,  about  three  feet  below 
the  surface,  and  close  to  the  hip  bone 
were  twelve  small  brass  Roman  coins, 
several  of  them  adhering  together,  of 
the  common  types  of  the  Emperors 
Valentinian,  Valens,  and  Gratian,  The 
site  is  at  a  very  short  distance  from 
that  noticed  in  your  Magazine  for  Ja- 
nuary 1842,  where  several  human 
bones  and  vases  of  dark  pottery  were 
found.  W.  B. 


132        Dr»  Johnson* 8  Literary  Intercourse  with  Mrs.  Lennox,        t^ug. 


Mr.  Urban, 

THE  high  opinion  which  Dr.  John- 
son entertained  of  the  abilities  of  Mrs, 
Lennox  is  well  known  to  the  readers 
of  Bosweli's  Life ;  indeed  I  think  that 
there  is  one  passage  in  which  she  is 
placed  at  the  head  of  all  the  female 
writers  of  her  age  ;  it  was,  therefore, 
without  surprise  (knowing  how  grate* 
fbl  the  mind  of  Johnson  was  for  any 
acts  of  kindness,  and  how  strong 
his  expressions  of  regard  concerning 
those  whom  he  looked  upon  as  his 
friends,)  tiiat  I  met  with  the  following 
praise  of  the  Rambler  very  unexpect* 
cidly,  brought  in  rather  forcibly  amid 
the  wild  romantic  exaggerations  of  the 
*'  Female  Quixote ;"  which  book  was 
published  in  the  year  1752,  long  before 
the  conversations  previously  alluded 
to  relating  to  Mrs.  Lennox  had  oc- 
curred. 

**  *  Nay  then,'  Interrupted  Mr.  GUn- 
ville,  '  you  are  qualified  for  a  critic  at  the 
Bedford  Coffee  House,  where,  with  the 
rest  of  your  brothers,  demi-wits,  you  may 
sit  in  judgment  on  the  productions  of  a 
Voungt  a  R— — ,  fBiohardaon)  or  a 
Johauon  i  rail  with  premeditated  malice  at 
thelZom^/er,  and,  for  the  want  of  faults,  turn 
even  its  inimitable  beauties  into  ridicule. 
The  language,  because  it  reaches  to  per- 
fection, may  be  called  stiff,  laboured,  and 
pedantic  ;  the  criticums,  when  they  let  in 
more  light  than  your  weak  judgment  can 
bear,  superficial  and  ostentatious  glitter  ; 
and,  because  these  papers  contcdn  the 
finest  system  of  ethics  yet  extant,  damn 
the  queer  fellow  for  overstepping  virtue  ; 
an  excellent  new  phrase !  whicn  those  who 
can  find  no  meaning  in  may  accommodate 
with  one  of  their  own :  then  give  shrewd 
hints  that  some  persons,  though  they  do 
not  publish  their  performances,  may  have 
more  merit  than  tiiose  that  do.'  *'  (Vol. 
U.  p.  119.) 


There  is  also  another  passage  fur- 
ther on  in  the  same  volume. 

P.  314.  *'  Truth  is  not  always  injured 
by  fiction.  An  admirable  writer  (Rich' 
ardsonj  of  our  own  time  has  found  the 
way  to  convey  the  most  solid  instructions, 
the  noblest  sentiments,  and  the  most  ex- 
alted piety,  in  the  pleasing  dress  of  a  novel, 
(Clarissa t)  and,  to  use  the  words  of  the 
greatest  genius  in  the  present  age  (the 
author  qf  the  Rambler,)  has  taught  the 
passions  to  move  at  tne  command  of 
virtue." 

,  When  a  new  and  better  edition  of 
Bosw  ell's  Life  than  the  last  is  called 
for  by  the  public, — when  the  notes, 
instead  of  containing  the  splenetic  effu- 
sions and  dogmatic  assertions  of  a 
party  writer,  shall  be  framed  for  the 
purpose  of  elucidating  the  text  and 
representing  the  characters  of  those 
named  in  their  true  light  and  colours, — 
then,  I  think,  the  passages  which  I 
have  extracted  from  a  work  very  little 
read  in  the  present  day,  may  properly 
be  placed  under  that  part  of  the  text 
where  Mrs.  Lennox's  name  occurs,  as 
explaining  in  some  degree  Johnson's 
partiality  towards  her,  and  as  a  curious 
instance  of  contemporary  criticism. 

I  would  add  that  it  appears  to  me, 
as  well  from  the  introduction  of  the 
subject  as  from  the  style,  that  the 
whole  of  the  eleventh  chapter  of  the 
ninth  and  concluding  book  of  the 
"  Female  Quixote "  was  written  by 
Dr.  Johnson,  and  to  the  internal 
evidence  may  be  added  that  the  title 
of  the  chapter  is  as  follows,  "  Cap. 
XL  being  in  the  author's  opinion  the 
best  chapter  in  this  history,"—- indeed 
I  should  have  no  scruple  m  admitting 
this  chapter  among  the  acknowledged 
works  of  Johnson. 

B—h—ll,  June  1843.  J.  M. 


LONDINIANA^— No.  VII. 

Original  Survkt  taken  in  trb  tbab  1548  or  thb  bits  and  matsrialb  of 
TRB  Church  and  Precinct  of  the  Black  or  Dominican  Friars,  London. 


MY  attention  has  been  attracted  to 
an  account  in  your  Magazine  for  June, 
p.  635,  of  the  discovery  of  some  re- 
mains of  the  architecture  of  the  church 
of  the  Dominican  or  Black  Friars, 
Loadon.  I  have  in  my  possession  a 
transcript  from  an  inedited  original 
^rvey  of  the  above-named  church  and 
prepinct,  made  in  the  year  1 548,  the 
third  of  Edward  VI. 

It  may  be  interesting  for  those  who 


are  acquainted  wit^i  localities  which 
are  distinguished  in  the  ancient  topo- 
graphy of  London,  to  compare  the 
notes  by  your  correspondent  £.  B.  P. 
of  the  relics  recently  revealed  at  Black- 
friars  with  a  document  which  records 
the  condition  of  the  church  and  at- 
tached buildings  of  the  friary  just  be- 
fore they  were  consigned  to  utter  de- 
molition. 
A  brief  notice  relative  to  the^ri^  o( 


16430  LoNdiNi ANA  .^^Itise  of  ihe  Dominican  Friars, 


133 


the  order  of  Dominican  Friars,  and 
their  establishment  in  England,  is 
here  offered  as  introductory  to  the 
survey  above-mentioned. 

The  order  of  Dominican  or  Preaching 
Friars,  also  called  the  Black  Friars, 
had  their  rise  at  the  beginning  of  the 
13th  century,  about  the  year  of  Christ 
1213. 

They  had  the  appellation  of  Domt- 
nicans  fVom  their  founder  Dominic  de 
Guzman,  a  Spanish  gentleman>  who 
distinguished  himself  as  a  scholar, 
embraced  the  ecclesiastical  profession, 
and  became  a  canon  and  sub- prior  of 
the  Cathedral  of  Osma. 

Dominic  accompanied  his  diocesan, 
the  Bishop  of  Osma,  to  the  court  of 
France,  whither  the  latter  had  been 
sent  by  Alphonso  IX.  King  of  Castile, 
to  arrange  a  matrimonial  negociation. 
The  death  of  a  princess  of  France  ren- 
dered their  mission  abortive ;  but,  in- 
stead of  returning  to  Spain,  they  es- 
tablished themselves  in  1206  in  Lan- 
guedoc  ;  there,  in  concert  with  certain 
Uistertian  abbots,  on  whom  they  en- 
forced the  necessity  of  the  most  hum- 
ble apparel,  to  labour  for  the  con- 
version of  the  Valdenses  and  Albi* 
genses,  who  had  embraced  heretical 
doctrines.* 

Pope  Innocent  III.  proclaimed  a  cru- 
sade against  these  enemies  to  the  faith, 
by  which  those  who  fought  against 
them  were  admitted  to  equal  privi- 
leges with  those  who  had  visited  the 
sepulchre  of  Christ.  Among  the  noble 
Crusaders  who  militated  against  the 
heretics  of  Languedoc,  was  the  cele- 
brated Simon  de  Montfort,  Earl  of 
Leicester.  In  1216  Dominic,  in  concert 
with  de  Montfort,  founded  the  first 
convent  of  Dominican  Friars  at  Tou- 
louse, and  in  1217  they  obtained  under 
authority  of  a  bull  of  Honorius  III. 
the  church  of  St.  James  at  Paris, 
where  they  were  styled,  from  that  cir- 
cumstance, Jacohins.  Establishments 
of  their  order  were  soon  formed 
throughout  Europe;  in  England,  at 
London  and  Canterbury. 

Their  first  monastic  residence  in 
London  was  erected  in  Holborn,  about 
122] , near  the  Old  Temple,  and  in  1276, 
through  the  intervention  of  Robert 
Kilwarby,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury, 
tHey  obtained  a  grant  from  Gregory  de 
RokMby, .  mayor,  and  the  barons  of 

'*       ^  Mmri  Diet,  gutori^ue. 


London,  as  the  aldermen  were  then 
often  styled,  of  the  ground  between 
two  lanes  near  Baynard's  Castle,  and 
of  the  site  and  materials  of  the  tower 
of  Montfitchet ;  these  fortresses  are 
pointed  out  by  Fitzstephen  as  duo  cm* 
tella  muniiissima,*  and  it  is  highly 
probable  that  while  the  Conqueror 
erected  the  Tower  of  London  on  the 
eastern  wall  of  the  city,  for  his  own 
fortified  palace  and  residence,  those 
two  powerful  nobles,  Montfitchet  and 
Baynard,  raised  their  castellated  man- 
sions on  the  western.  The  elevated 
site  of  the  Tower  of  Montfitchet,  which 
flanked  the  city  wall  at  its  south- 
western angle,  afforded  an  eligible  and 
conspicuous  site  for  the  church  of  the 
Dominicans. 

These  n6wly  constituted  preaching 
friars  gained  a  popularity  which  ex- 
alted them  above  the  venerable  monk- 
ish societies  of  the  earlier  ages.  Pope 
Gregory  IX.  and  Pope  Innocent  IV. 
recommended  them  to  the  peculiar 
favour  and  protection  of  alt  ec- 
clesiastical authorities,  and  their  ex- 
hortations to  the  attention  of  ajl 
Christian  people. f 

This  preference  for  pretenders  to 
extraordinary  sanctity  and  mortified 
life  is  denounced  with  indignation  by 
the  honest  monk  of  .St.  Alban's,  Mat- 
thew Paris,  who  says,  under  the  year 
1246, that 

''  About  this  time  the  preaching  bro- 
thers, however  lately  they  professed  to 
be  the  very  outcasts  of  humble  poverty, 
aimed  now  at  ascending  the  highest  grade 
of  spiritual  infiuence ;  they  affected  to  be 
revered  and  held  in  awful  respect  by  the 
prelates  of  the  Church,  and  not  only  main- 
tained themselves  to  be  preachers,  but 
also  confessors,  usurping  to  themselvea 
the  office  of  the  ordinaries  of  the  Church, 
and  causing  them  to  be  held  in  contempt 
as  insufficient  in  learning  or  authority  to 
rule  the  people  of  God,  and  hold  the  reins 
of  Church  government.  Whence  to  every 
discreet  and  thinking  person  it  appeared 
that  the  order  of  the  Catholic  Church, 
confirmed  by  the  holy  apostles  and  the 
sacred  fathers  of  the  Church,  was  scanda- 
lously disturbed,  and  it  is  notorious  that 
the  order  of  St.  Benedict,  or  that  of  the 
blessed  Augustine,  for  the  space  of  many 
ages,  had  not  run  into  such  excess  as 
that,  whose  scions  had  scarcely  been  thirty 
years  transplanted  into  Britain.'':}: 

*  Fitsstephen. 

t  Matt.  Paris  in  aan.  1S46,  p.  694* 

}  Mattt  Paiil. 


134 


LoNoiNiANA. — The  Church  of  the  Black  Friars, 


[Aug. 


So  it  has  been  and  ever  will  be  in 
all  future  time  with  fanatic  teachers  of 
novelty  in  religion ;  the  useful,  quiet, 
and  unpretending  portion  of  the 
Christian  Church  are  borne  down  and 
consigned  to  obscurity  by  charlatans 
in  doctrine.  To  the  construction  of  a 
new  church  at  the  fi lackfriars,  on  the 
site  which  has  been  described,  Ed- 
ward 1.  and  his  distinguished  consort 
Eleanor  were  great  benefactors.  The 
latter  was  indeed  accounted  the  found- 
ress of  the  building,  and  when  she 
died  her  heart  reposed  within  its  con- 
secrated walls.  There  also  was  depo- 
sited the  heart  of  her  son,  the  Prince 
Alphonso.  A  long  list  of  noble  person- 
ages whose  mortal  remains  were  en- 
tombed at  the  Blackfriars  church  is 
given  by  Stow,  of  whom  a  few  may  be 
here  particularised. — Margaret,  sister 
to  the  King  of  Scots,  who  died  in 
1244,  Hubert  de  Burgh,  Earl  of  Kent, 
both  translated  from  the  old  church  of 
the  fraternity  in  Holborn, — Isabel, 
wife  of  Roger  Bigod,  Earl  Marsha), — 
Alice,  daughter  of  Earl  Warren,  after- 
wards Countess  of  Arundel,— the 
Earls  of  March  and  Hereford, — Eliza- 
beth, Countess  of  Arundel, — Joan, 
first  wife  of  Guido  de  Brian, — the 
Duchess  of  Exeter, — ^Tiptoft,  Earl  of 
Worcester, — ^Tutchet,  Lord  Audley, 
(both  beheaded  for  treason), — Courte- 
nay,  titular  Earl  of  Devonshire,  &c. 

At  the  suppression  of  monasteries 
Sir  Thomas  Cawarden,  of  Blechingly, 
had  a  grant  of  the  church  and  precinct 
of  the  Blackfriars,  London,  and  of  the 
parish  Church  of  St.  Ann  within  the 
same.  He  was  at  the  siege  of  Bou- 
logne with  Henry  VUL  and  held  the 
offices  of  Keeper  of  the  Royal  Tents 
and  Toyles  and  Master  of  the  Revels  ; 
the  properties  for  the  maskings  and 
mummeries  of  the  court  he  appears  to 
have  kept  within  the  walls  of  the 
Blackfriars,  for  we  find  in  the  survey 
mention  of  a  hall  "  where  the  king's 
revels  lie."  Cawarden  having  de- 
molished the  Church  of  St.  Ann,  Black- 
friars, was  obliged  to  find  the  pa- 
rishioners a  church,  and  appropriated 
to  them  a  chamber  in  the  precinct  de- 
scribed by  Stow  as  situate  above  a 
stair — it  was,  perhaps,  that  hall  de- 
scribed as  adjacent  to  the  buttery  in 
the  Survey.  A  memoir  of  Sir  Thomas 
Cawarden  will  be  found  in  the  volume 
of  Loseley  MSS.  Cawarden  died  25 
Aug.  1559*     Sir  WiUi«m  More,  of 


Loseley,  was  his  executor,  to  which 
circumstance  is  probably  owing  the 
preservation  of  the  survey  of  the  site 
and  buildings  at  Blackfriars,  which 
was  found  among  several  documents 
of  Sir  Thomas  Cawarden's,  preserved 
at  Loseley  House,  the  greater  part  of 
which  have  been  printed  in  the  volume 
before  cited,  and  which  relate  to  the 
revels  of  the  English  court.* 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  sur- 
vey which  appears  to  have  been  made 
under  authority  of  the  Chancellor 
of  the  Court  of  Augmentations  of  the 
Crown  Revenue. 

A  survey  there  taken  by  me,  Hugh 
Losse,  Esqmre,  the  King's  Mat'<^*  sur- 
veyor, as  well  of  his  highness  lends  and 
possessions  within  the  countie  of  Mid- 
dlesex, as  also  within  the  citie  of  London, 
as  well  of  the  scite  and  soyle  of  the  late 
church  of  the  late  Black> friars,  within  the 
cyttie  of  London,  as  also  of  the  churche 
yard,  cloyster,  leade,  tile,  slattes,  tymber, 
stone,  yron,  and  glasse,  with  certen  aleis, 
(alleys,)  edifications,  and  buildings  there- 
unto belonging,  the  4th  dale  of  January, 
anno  4to.  Regis  Edwardi  Sexti,  by  vir- 
tue of  a  warrant  from  the  right  worship- 
ful Sir  Richard  Sackefeld,  Knight,  Chaun- 
celor  of  the  King's  Mat^*'  Court  of  the 
augmentacons  and  revenues  of  the  same, 
asherafter  ensueth. 

The  scite  or  soyle  of  the  said  late 
churche  called  the  Black-friars  within 
the  citie  of  London,  with  the  two  iles, 
chancell,  and  chapell  to  the  same  be- 
longing, conteyning  in  bred  (breadth) 
from  the  north  church  yard  to  the  south 
cloister  66  fote,  and  in  length  from  the 
lodging  of  John  Bamet,  Gent,  on  the 
west  ende  of  the  same  churche  to  the 
garden  belonging  to  the  mansion  or  tene- 
ment belonging  to  Sir  Anthony  Ager, 
Knt.  on  the  east  ende  of  the  same  churche, 
220  feet.  The  churche  yard  on  the 
northe  side  of  the  body  of  the  same  church 
containeth  in  bred  from  the  said  churche 
unto  a  certain  brick  wall,  the  houses, 
tenements,  and  gardens  in  the  tenure  of 
Peter  Hesiar  and  Mr.  Holte  on  the  north 
side  of  the  said  churche  yard  90  fote,  and 
in  length  from  the  houses  and  tenements 
of  Mystres  Partridge,  Mr.  Southcote,  and 
the  Anker*s  Housef  on  the  west  ende 
unto  a  certen  walle  adjoyning  to  the 
Kings  highwaie  on  the  est  end  200  foote. 
The  soyle  of  the  cloyster  being  on  the 
southe  side  of  the  body  of  the  said 
churche,  conteyneth  in   bred  from  the 

*  Loseley  MSS. 

t  This  was  the  cell  of  an  anchorite  or 
hermit,  a  common  appondage  of  juona9^« 
tic  99ta1»lifihmentSf 


1843.]        LoNDiNiAiJA.-i-T^e  Church  of  the  Black  Friars, 

body  of  the  sldd  church  to  the  lodging  of 
the  Lady  Kyngston  on  the  south  side  of 
the  same  cloyster  110  foote,  and  in  lengthe 
from  the  walle  belonginge  to  the  lodgyng 
sometyme  Sir  Frances  Braye's,  and  now 
Sir  Anthouie  Ager's,  Knight,  and  Mr. 
Walsingham's  on  the  east  parte,  to  the 
lodging  of  Lord  Cobham  or  John  Barnet 
on  the  west  parte  110  fote. 

The  Chapter  House  being  on  the  west 
end  of  the  said  cloyster  containeth  in 
lengthe  44  foot,  and  in  bred  22  foote, 
which  all  the  said  soile  or  grounde  is 
yalued  in  the  hole  (whole)  to  be  worth  by 
the  year  8/. 

The  stones  of  the  arches  of  the  body  of 
the  said  churche,  with  the  windowes, 
walles,  buttresses,  and  towres,  of  the  same 
churche,  and  the  stones  of  the  quere,  and 
of  one  chapell  over  the  north  side  of  the 
said  churche,  and  also  the  paving  and 
frestone  of  the  southe  cloyster,  valued  in 
the  hole  at  661,  Gs,  Sd. 

The  sclatts  (slates)  and  tiles  of  the  east 
dorter  (dormitory)  and  of  the  south  dor- 
ter, with  the  tiles  that  covereth  the  ruf 
of  a  chamber  now  in  the  tenure  of 
Sir  Thomas  Cawrden  (Cawarden),  over 
the  olde  kytcHin,  in  the  south  end  of  the 
Lord  Cobham's  lodgyng,  valued  in  the 
hole  at  11/. 

The  glasse  of  the  same  churche,  as  well 
within  the  bodie  of  the  seide  churche  as 
also  within  the  quere,  chappell,  and 
cloyster,  valued  in  the  hole  at  48/. 

The  contents  of  the  hole  lead  of  the 
body  of  the  churche,  of  the  two  isles  of 
the  lead  of  the  ruf  of  the  vestery,  the  lead 
covering  of  the  staiers  out  of  the  church  to 
the  dorter,  the  lead  of  the  ^hole  south 
cloystere,  and  a  cesteme  of  lead  in  the  old 
kychin,  containing  112  fothers  dim  (and  a 
half).  The  hole  contents  of  the  lead 
covering  the  frater  (fratry),  parcell  of  the 
seid  friars,  and  the  lead  covering  a  shed 
adjoyning  to  the  sayd  frater,  amounteth  to 
16  fother  dim — every  fother  of  the  said 
lead  valued  and  rated  at  110*  amounteth 
in  the  whole  to  609/.  10«. 

The  rent  or  ferme  of  a  certen  tenement 
within  the  precinct  of  the  saide  late  Black, 
friars,  called  the  Anker's  house,  late  in 
the  tenure  of  Sir  Morris  Griffith,  Clerk, 
Archdeacon  of  Rochester,  and  renteth 
yearly  40«. 

The  rent  or  ferme  of  a  lettle  tenement 
within  the  precinct  of  the  late  Blackfriars, 
situate  and  being  against  the  tenement  of 
Sir  Thomas  Cheynye,  Knight,  and  Lord 
Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports,  in  the  tenure 
of  Sir  Robert  Kyrkham,  Knight,  and 
rentetbe  yearly  208. 

One  nAd  ground,  with  a  decayed  gate- 
way. tboBpfai,  with  void  roraes  (rooms) 
thereanw,  wherein  old  timbre  and  cart 


135 


wheles  lieth,  containing  in  length  98  foote, 
abutting  against  Bridewell  dyche,  on  the 
west  side,  being  in  brede  at  that  ende  74 
foot,  abbutting  to  the  common  highwaie 
and  lane  that  guideth  to   the  common 
staiers  to  the  Thames  side,  on  the  east 
side,  being  in  bred  at  that  end  94  foot, 
abbutting  to  Mr.  Harper's  garden,  and 
also  Fraunces   ........   garden  at   the 

north  side,  and  to  Sir  Christopher  More's 
garden,  on  the  south  side.  One  kytchin 
yard  and  old  kytchin,  an  entry  for  passage 
wyning  *  to  the  same,  containing  in  length 
84  foot,  abbutting  to  the  lane  aforesaid  on 
the  west  side,  being  in  bred  at  that  end  74 
fote,  abbutting  to  Mr.  Portinary's  parlour, 
next  the  lane  on  the  south  side,  and  to 
the  Lord  Cobham's  brick  wall  and  garden 
on  the  north  side. 

One  old  buttery  and  an  entry  or  pas-* 
sage,  with  a  gate  and  staler  therein,  with 
cellars  therunder,  with  a  haule  place  at 
the  upper  end  of  the  staiers,  and  an  entry 
there  to  the  frater  over  the  same  buttery, 
all  whiche  containeth  in  lengthe  95  fote, 
and  in  brede  36  foote,  abbutting  to  the 
cloyster  on  the  east  side,  the  kychin  on 
the  west  side  to  the  Lord  Cobham's  house 
on  the  north  side,  and  on  the  south  side 
to  a  blind  parlor  that  my  Lord  Warden 
did  clayme.  One  house  called  the  upper 
frater,  containeth  in  length  107  foote,  and 
in  bred  52  foote,  abbutting  southe  and 
este,  to  the  Lady  Kingston's  house  and 
garden  north  to  a  haule  whear  the  king's 
revells  lieth  at  thies  presents,  and  west 
toward  the  Duchy  Chamber,  and  Mr. 
Portinarie's  house.  A  voyde  rome  being 
an  entry  toward  the  lettle  kytchin  and  coal 
house,  conteyning  in  lengthe  30  foote,  and 
in  bred  1 7  foot.  One  chamber  called  the 
Duchy  Chamber,  with  a  dark  lodgyng 
therunder,  containing  in  length  50  foote, 
and  in  bred  16  foote,  abbutting  against 
the  north  end  of  the  said  frater,  and  abbut- 
ting west  upon  Mr.  Portinarie's  parlour. 

All  whiche  premisses  be  valued  to  be 
worthe  by  the  year  661,  Qs, 

From  this  interesting  old  docament 
thefollowiog  particulars  may  be  ex- 
tracted concerning  the  Blackfriars, 
The  church  was  in  breadth  66  feet,  in 
length  220 ;  the  lead  which  covered  it 
and  the  adjacent  buildings  was  valued 
at  upwards  of  six  hundred  pounds,  a 
very  large  sum  at  that  period,  and  re- 
presentingby  comparison  at  least  4000/. 
of  our  present  currency.  The  cloister 
on  the  south  side  appears  to  have  sur- 
rounded an  area  the  sides  of  which 


*  i,  e.  Wending,  going  towards,  from 
the  Saxon  penban. 


136 


Hall  of  the  Black  Friars  noticed  hy  Shakspeare.        [Aug. 


measured  each  110  feet.  There  was  a 
chapter  house  west  of  the  cloister  44 
feet  in  length  by  22  in  breadth. 
There  was  a  fratry  or  common  hall 
over  the  buttery  of  the  noble  dimen- 
Bions  of  95  feet  by  36,  and  doubtless 
of  proportionate  height.  In  this  spa- 
cious chamber  several  parliaments  were 
held  in  the  year  1529*  Cardinal  Cam- 
peius,  the  Pope's  legate,  with  Cardinal 
Wolsey,  held  their  court  in  it  to  de.> 
termine  on  the  validity  of  the  mar- 
riage between  the  King  and  Catharine 
of  Ar  ragon. 

In  the  fourth  scene  of  the  fifth  act 
of  Henry  VIII.  the  stage  note  for  the 
scene  describes  a  hall  in  Blackfriars, 
and  the  entry  of  Campeius  and  Wol- 
sey  into  it  with  great  ceremony ;  in 
no  ordinary  chamber  could  such  a 
splendid  forensic  pageant  have  been 
displayed.* 

The  precinct  of  the  Blackfriars  was 
bounded  on  the  western  side  by  a  way 
which  ran  along  the  left  bank  of  the 
river  Fleet,  in  the  Survey  called  Bride- 
well ditch.  Here  appears  to  have 
been  a  gateway  opening  into  a  court 

*  King  Henry  VIII.  Act.  2,  Scene  4. 

W  Hall  in  Blackfryars,  Enter  two 
vergers  with  short  silver  wands;  next 
them  two  scribes  in  the  habits  of  doctors ; 
after  them  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
alone ;  after  him  the  Bishops  of  Lincoln, 
Bly,  Rochester,  and  St.  Asaph;  next  them, 
with  some  small  distance,  follows  a  gen* 
tleman  bearing  the  purse  with  the  great 
seal ;  then  two  priests  bearing  each  a  sil- 
ver cross ;  then  a  gentleman  usher  bare- 
headed, accompanied  with  a  seijeant-at- 
arms,  bearing  a  silver  mace ;  then  two 
gentlemen  bearing  two  great  silver  pillars ; 
after  them  side  by  8ide«  the  two  Cardinals 
Wolsey  and  Campeius,  two  noblemen 
with  the  sword  and  mace ;  then  enter  the 
King  and  Queen  and  their  trains,  &c. 
Hall,  from  whom  Shakspeare  derived  much 
of  the  above,  notices  the  place  of  the 
fitting  of  Uie  Court  of  the  Cardinals  in 
this  way :  **  In  the  beginning  of  this  yere 
(21  Henry  VIII.),  in  a  great  Halle  withm 
tiie  Black  Friers  of  London,  was  ordeined 
a  solempne  place  for  the  two  legates  to 
sit  in,  with  two  cheyers  covered  with  cloth 
of  gold,  and  cusshions  of  the  same,  and  a 
dormant  table  railed  before  like  a  solempne 
courte,  all  covered  with  carpettes  and 
tapissery ;  on  the  right  hand  of  the  court 
was  hanged  a  clothe  of  estate,  with  a 
chayer  and  cusshions  of  riche  tissue  for 
the  King,  and  on  the  left  hand  of  the 
Court  was  a  rich  chayer  for  the  Queen,*' 
&c.    Hall,  p.  757. 


ninety-eight  feet  in  depth ;  this  was 
probably  the  principal  approach  to 
the  monastery,  its  church,  and  other 
buildings.  The  Emperor  Charles  V. 
on  his  coming  to  England  in  1522  was 
lodged  in  the  Blackfriars;  and  after 
the  surrender  of  the  monastery  it  be- 
came, from  its  pleasant  situation,  over- 
looking the  river,  a  favourite  residence 
for  many  distinguished  persons  at- 
tached to  the  court. 

London,  by  the  suppression  of  mo- 
nasteries, and  the  destructive  confla- 
gration with  which  it  was  visited  in 
the  century  succeeding  that  great  ec- 
clesiastical revolution,  was  indeed 
shorn  of  its  ancient  architectural  splen- 
dour. The  pointed  style  is  peculiarly 
adapted  to  church  architecture,  and 
noble  were  the  edifices  which  our  fore- 
fathers erected  in  that  mode  of  build- 
ing, in  honour  of  Almighty  God.  The 
genius  even  of  Wren  has  not  been 
able  to  compensate  for  the  loss  we 
have  sustained  of  the  gothic  churches 
of  London  of  the  middle  age.  All 
know  the  church  of  St.  Saviour's 
Southwark,  of  which  one  half  remains ; 
but  the  other  a  barbarous  feeling  has 
within  our  recollection  destroyed.  Of 
similar  dimensions*  was  the  church 
of  the  Black  or  Dominican  Friars, 
possessing  this  advantage  over  the 
Priory  Church  in  Southwark,  that  it 
stood  elevated  on  the  rising  ground 
chosen  in  the  earliest  ages  for  the  site 
of  London.  The  Blackfriars'  sacred 
edifice  has  been  laid  low,  the  ashes  of 
the  noble  dead  which  it  contained 
scattered  to  the  winds,  and  chance 
has  now  revealed  the  few  architectural 
and  sepulchral  fragments  connected 
with  it  which  have  found  their  last 
refuge  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 
How  truly  is  the  press  a  sanctuary 
against  the  utter  annihilation  of  many 
historical  monuments! 

fi..  J.  K. 


*  The  reader  may  compare  the  follow- 
ing dimensions  of  Uie  church  of  St.  Sa- 
viour, Southwark,  with  those  of  the 
Blackfriars  church  given  in  the  survey. 
They  were  taken  by  myself  before  the 
fine  old  nave  of  St.  Saviour's  church  was 
demolished.  Length  from  the  west  door 
to  the  ancient  altar-screen  211  feet,  width 
of  the  choir  with  the  side  aisles,  61  feet 
10  inches.  The  length  of  the  Lady  Cha« 
pel  is  41  feet,  the  breieulth  60  feet  6  inches. 

These  are  interior  measTurem^Dts. 


137 


THE  PORTRAITS  OF  VERSAILLES. 

No.  II. 


AMONG  the  portraits  of  personages 
of  note  in  the  same  room  to  which 
bur  last  notice  was  confined,  and 
placed  near  to  where  we  left  off  in 
our  remarks,  is  a  good  copy  of  an  ori- 
ginal picture  in  the  collection  of  the 
Chateau  de  Beauregard,  the  portrait 
x)f  Charles,  Duke  of  Orleans,  the  poet, 
'who  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle 
of  Azincourt.  The  portrait  of  Claude 
■de  Beauvoir,  Seigneur  de  Chastellux, 
Marechal  de  France,  a  copy  of  an 
.original,  would  hardly  be  worth  no- 
ticing, were  it  not  for  an  inscription 
.which  it  bears,  and  which  commemo- 
rates a  very  strange  privilege.  It  states 
that  he  "  acquired  for  himself  and  his 
posterity  the  dignity  of  Senior  He- 
reditary Canon  of  the  cathedral  church 
of  Auxerre,  with  the  right  of  being 
present  at  all  the  offices  in  a  surplice 
and  an  amice,  with  his  sword  by  his 
side,  booted,  spurred,  and  a  hawk  on 
his  fist,  for  having  liberally  remitted 
to  the  chapter  of  the  said  church  the 
town  of  Cravant,  after  having  sustained 
the  siege  of  it  for  six  weeks  at  his 
own  expense,  and  after  having  gained 
the  battle  of  Cravant,  when  he  took 
prisoner,  with  his  own  hand,  the  con- 
stable of  Scotland,  General  of  the  be- 
siegers." 

A  copy  of  a  small  picture  is  all  that 
iwe  find  to  commemorate  the  beauty 
of  Agnes  Sorel,  the  patriotic  mistress 
of  Charles  VII.  If  this  be  a  faithful 
.delineation  she  must  have  been  a  wo- 
man of  agreeable  features,  but  not  of 
very  striking  beauty.  There  is,  how- 
ever, a  decided  expression  of  sweetness 
visible  in  her  countenance. 

We  now  come  to  another  picture 
mentioned  by  Montfaucon,  who  states 
it  to  have  been  copied  from  one  in  the 
collection  of  M.  de  Gagnieres  (after- 
wards in  that  of  the  Marechal  D'Es- 
trees),  and  to  have  been  made  of  ex- 
actly the  same  dimensions.  The  sub- 
ject  is  Charles  le  T^mdraire,  Duke  of 
fiorgnndy,  holdinga  parliament.  That 
•learned  antiquary  Conjectures  this  as- 
sembly to  have  been  held  between  a.d. 
1471  and  a.d.  1475,  and  the  editors 
of  tiw 'Catalogue  of  the  gallery  hint 
that  it  may  possibly  represent  the  par- 
liament held  by  the  Doke  when  he 

Gbmt«  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


was  about  to  undertake  the  war  against 
the  Swiss,  in  the  course  of  which  he 
was  killed  at  the  siege  of  Nancy.  The 
Duke  of  Burgundy  is  represented 
sitting  on  his  throne  under  a  canopy 
or  dais,  in  the  middle  of  one  side  of 
the  hall  of  the  Parliament,  and  bis 
name  is  inscribed  over  his  head 

Carolus  Dux  Burgundies, 

He  is  dressed  in  a  suit  of  armour, 
and  over  the  cuirass  wears  a  long  cloak 
lined  with  ermine ;  upon  his  head  is  a 
crown  or  coronet,  and  in  his  left  hand 
he  holds  a  roll.  Three  steps  lead  up 
to  the  throne,  and  on  the  second  of 
them  is  seated  a  seigneur  uncovered, 
with  a  sword  in  his  right  hand. 
The  name  of  this  personage  is  not 
recorded  in  the  picture,  but  it  is  pre- 
sumable that  he  was  the  Duke's  Mar- 
shal or  Grand  Equerry,  the  Dukes 
of  Burgundy  of  the  second  race,  as 
Montfaucon  observes,  not  having  the 
office  of  Constable  established  in  their 
court.  At  the  bottom  of  the  steps 
are  the  mace-bearers  standing  with 
their  maces  on  their  shoulders.  **  The 
most  honourable  side  of  the  assembly," 
says  Montfaucon,  "appears  to  have 
been  on  the  left  of  the  Duke :  by  the 
side  of  the  throne  we  first  see  this  in- 
scription, Chancelier  Chef  du  ConseiL 
The  Chancellor  is  named  G.  Hugonet, 
viho  was  appointed  to  that  office  in 
1471,  and  decapitated  by  the  inhabit- 
ants of  Ghent  in  1476,  shortly  after 
the  death  of  Duke  Charles.  Over  the 
heads  of  the  three  officers  who  sit  next 
we  read  the  word  "  Presidena/*  The 
last  of  these  was  advocate- fiscal,  as 
there  is  written  on  his  robe  in  Flemish, 
Advocaet'Viscael,  and  these  four  per- 
sonages are  all  in  long  robes  with  caps. 
The  next  inscription  is  Quatre  ChevcC- 
Hers,  Two  of  them  in  the  middle  wear 
the  full  habit  of  the  order  of  the 
Golden  Fleece,  with  the  hat  and  grand 
collar;  the  two  others  are  in  robes 
like  the  other  members  of  the  Parlia- 
ment ;  but  wear  the  decoration  of  th^ 
order  suspended  from  the  neck  by  a 
ribband.  Above  the  heads  of  the  next 
eight  members  are  written  their  names, 
with  the  designation  of  HuU  Conseilierfl 
d'Mise,    On  the  right  hand  4>f-  ttos 

T 


136 


The  Portraiti  of  Versailles,  No.  11. 


[Aug. 


throne  are  seated  six  masters  of  re- 
quests and  twelve  lay  coansellors, 
their  names  being  all  written  over 
their  heads.  The  robes  of  all  these 
officers  are  red  ;  but  the  toques  of  the 
former  are  red,  like  their  dress,  while 
those  of  the  latter  are  black.  Ou  the 
*'  floor  of  the  house  "  are  three  regis- 
traries  engaged  in  writing  at  a  table, 
placed  in  front  of  the  chancellor,  and 
jbur  procurators-general  are  seated  on 
a  bench  with  a  back  to  it,  beneath  the 
ecclesiastical  counsellors.  Opposite 
to  them,  and  beneath  the  master  of 
requests,  are  four  secretaries  standing 
in  front  of  their  bench^  which  has  no 
back  like  that  of  the  registraries,  and 
all  are  speaking  to  the  assembly,  as 
may  be  inferred  from  their  gestures. 
Their  bench  is  covered  with  a  che- 
quered cloth.  On  a  bench  the  farthest 
removed  from  the  Duke,  and  opposite 
to  his  throne,  are  seated  the  lower 
officers  of  the  Parliament,  one  of  whom 
is  called  Receveur  des  Exploits,  Some 
are  seated  with  their  faces  turned  to- 
wards the  Duke,  others  have  their 
faces  turned  towards  the  spectator, 
and  are  speaking  to  persons  "  below 
the  bar,"  who  are  come  to  have  their 
causes  tried.  Two  of  these  are  con- 
sulting together,  and  one  of  them  holds 
a  paper  in  which  his  case  is  contained. 
Another  is  speaking  to  an  officer 
within  the  bar  about  his  cause^  which 
is  going  to  be  called  on.  A  woman 
with  a  black  veil  ending  in  a  long 
point  is  speaking  to  an  officer  holding 
a  rod  in  his  hand,  while  another 
officer  within  the  bar  is  taking  down 
in  writing  the  words  of  a  man  who 
is  speaking  to  him  about  a  cause. 
At  the  end  of  the  bench  of  officers 
is  an  usher  with  a  rod,  seated,  and 
iiolding  a  paper  in  his  hand.  The 
execution  of  this  picture,  which  is 
highly  interesting,  from  its  giving  an 
accurate  idea  of  the  judicial  forms  of 
that  day,  is  good;  the  faces  of  the 
personages,  though  small,  have  the 
distinctive  character  of  portraits,  and 
the  dresses  and  architectural  details 
of  the  assembly  are  done  with  great 
care.  It  is  one  of  the  most  curious 
pictures  of  the  collection. 

Near  the  fire-place  in  this  room 
are  two  original  portraits  of  Maxi- 
milian I.  Emperor  of  Germany,  the 
grandfather  of  Charles  V,  The  names 
of  their  painters  are  not  known,  but 


one  is  evidently  of  the  school  of  Al- 
bert Durer  $  on  the  other  is  the  fol- 
lowing inscription : 

Maximilia  d*Avstrlce  Epereur  33' 

Cote  d'HoIiade  et  ZellSLde 
Espovsa.  Ladicte.  Marie  de  BovrgoignC 

et.  Marie,  iille  dv  Dvc.  de.  MUan. 

Another  small  picture  close  to  the 
above,  copied  from  Holbein,  contains 
the  portraits  of  Maximilian,  the  Em- 
press Maria  of  Burgundy,  Philip  I. 
of  Spain,  his  sous  Charles  V.  and 
Ferdinand  Emperor  of  Germany,  and 
his  son-in-law  Louis  II.  King  of  Hun- 
gary and  Bohemia.  A  good  contem- 
porary portrait  of  Maria  of  Burgundy, 
and  others  of  Philip  I.  and  Charles 
V.  complete  the  series  of  records  of 
this  illustrious  house. 

Numerous  copies  of  portraits  of 
royal  personages  are  to  be  met  with 
in  this  part  of  the  gallery,  such  as 
those  of  Louis  XII.,  Anne  de  Bre- 
tagne,  Louise  de  Savoie,  Regent  of 
France,  Jeanne  la  Folle  of  Aragon, 
mother  of  Charles  V.,  &c.  Of  the 
original  pictures  most  worthy  of  no- 
tice we  may  mention  those  of  Jeanne 
de  France,  the  first  consort  of  Louis 
XII.,  who,  after  her  divorce,  took  the 
title  of  Duchess  of  Berry,  and  received 
the  honour  of  canonization  at  her 
death  ;  a  curious  portrait  of  Lorenzo 
de  Medici,  a  small  one  of  Cardinal  de 
Medici  by  Titian,  and  several  small 
but  not  very  flattering  pictures  of  the 
noble  families  of  Montmorency  and 
La  Tremouille. 

We  also  observe  here  two  good 
contemporary  portraits  of  Francis  I. 
and  Claude  his  queen,  but  they  are  not 
of  sufficient  value  to  make  a  descrip- 
tion necessary.  There  is  a  large  but 
badly-executed  picture  of  Henry  VIII. 
of  England,  from  the  collection  of  the 
Sorbonne,  and  it  is  of  no  authority. 
On  the  other  hand  a  picture  by  Cra- 
nach  of  John  Frederic  the  Magnani- 
mous, Duke  and  Elector  of  Saxony, 
the  leader  of  the  Protestant  league  of 
Smalkald,  is  a  fine  work  of  art,  and  of 
great  value.  By  the  side  of  this  latter 
portrait  is  a  good  copy  of  Cranach's 
beautiful  picture  of  Sibylla  of  Cleves, 
consort  of  Frederic,  holding  her  son 
Frederic  II.  Duke  of  Saxe-Gotha,  by 
the  hand.  The  costumes  of  these  two 
pictures  are  peculiarly  deserving  of 
careful  study. 


1843.] 


The  Portraits  of  VersailleSt  No.  //, 


139 


Of  the  remain iDg  pictures  in  this 
room  which  refer  to  royal  personages, 
one  of  the  most  remarkable  is  a  por- 
^ait  of  Mary  1.  of  England.  It  is 
small  in  size,  of  excellent  execution 
and  colour,  but  does  not  differ  in  any 
respect  as  to  the  lineaments  of  the 
face  from  the  portraits  in  this  country. 
It  makes  the  queen  rather  young,  but 
in  all  respects  confirms  the  generally 
received  likeness  of  her  features.  No 
name  of  the  painter  is  mentioned  in 
the  catalogue,  and  it  is  merely  styled 
a  contemporary  picture.  Close  to  it 
is  placed  a  splendid  three-quarter  por- 
trait of  Philip  II.,  without  any  name 
of  the  painter  assigned.  It  is  quite 
in  the  style  of  Antonio  Moro,  and  is  a 
first-rate  picture,  both  as  to  colour 
and  chiaro-oscuro.  The  king  is  in 
armour,  and  the  treatment  of  the 
cuirass  with  its  adjuncts  is  one  of  the 
distinguishing  features  of  the  picture. 
Three  original  portraits  of  Elizabeth 
of  France,  third  consort  of  Philip  II., 
and  all  of  considerable. merit,  inter- 
vene between  the  sovereign's  portrait 
just  mentioned,  and  an  undoubted 
chef  d*<BUvre  by  Antonio  Moro,  the 
portrait  of  Don  Carlos,  eldest  son  of 
Philip  11.  by  Maria  of  Portugal,  his 
first  consort.  The  prince  is  dressed 
in  a  yellow  doublet  with  a  rich  baldric, 
and  has  a  black  hat  on  his  head.  He 
is  taken  at  a  three-quarters  length,  and 
is  standing.  It  is  difficult  to  say  which 
is  the  most  admirable  in  this  picture, 
the  colouring  or  the  drawing ;  both 
are  perfect,  and  the  general  effect  is 
highly  increased  by  the  extraordinary 
firmness  of  the  handling.  This  is  a 
picture  which,  not  only  to  the  anti- 
quary but  also  to  the  artist,  is  of  im- 
mense interest.  We  do  not  know 
whether  it  has  ever  been  engraved, 
and  indeed  we  believe  that  portraits 
of  this  prince,  who  died  in  his  24th 
year,  a.d.  1568,  are  exceedingly  rare. 

Two  small  pictures  of  Francis  II. 
of  France  and  of  his  ill-fated  consort 
(the  portrait  of  the  latter  being  a  copy 
of  one  in  the  collection  at  the  Chateau 
of  £n)  complete  the  royal  portion  of 
this  room. 

There  is  a  small  portrait  of  the 
Chevalier  Bayard  which  is  of  value  as 
being  a  contemporary  one,  and  it  is 
in  harmony  with  other  portraits  of 
the  same  irreproaphable  chevalier.. 
y^nother  and  a  much  more  interesting 


portrait,  indeed  one  of  the  most  curiouar 
in  the  whole  gallery,  is  one  said  to  be 
4  likeness  of  Columbus.  It  is  an  ol(i 
picture  with  no  painter's  name  as- 
signed to  it,  of  considerable  merit  in 
point  of  execution,  dark  in  colour,  but 
fortunately  untouched  by  repairers, 
and  it  represents  the  great  admiral  to 
have  been  a  man  of  coarse  round 
features,  with  a  large  vulgar  nose,  but 
with  abundant  penetration  expressed 
in  the  eyes.  Whether  it  be  a  genuine 
portrait  or  not  we  have  no  means  of 
judging,  but  it  is  well  worthy  of  being 
engraved. 

A  singularly  unpleasing  picture  is 
assigned  as  a  contemporaneous  por- 
trait of  Michael  Angelo.  The  copper 
colour  of  the  skin  and  the  harshness 
of  the  features,  not  bad  characteristics 
of  the  man,  are  sure  to  catch  the 
visitor's  eye ;  and  it  may  be  compared 
with  a  small  one  of  Rabelais  hung  be- 
neath it,  as  well  as  with  a  portrait  of 
Muley  Hassan,  sovereign  of  Tunis  ia 
1533,  evidently  an  Italian  picture  of 
great  vigour  and  warmth  of  colouring. 

The  old  collection  of  portraits  of 
the  Sorbonne  has  furnished  a  great 
number  of  pictures  to  this  room,  and 
among  them  are  to  be  fouud  those  of 
almost  all  the  illustrious  savana  and 
litterateurs  of  the  l6th  century,  but 
we  do  not  know  what  reliance  to  place 
on  their  authenticity,  and  therefore  omit 
noticing  them  in  detail ;  observing,  at 
the  same  time,  that  they  are  nearly 
all  respectable  as  works  of  art,  and  that 
they  should  not  be  omitted  in  the  in*, 
spection  of  a  careful  connoisseur. 

A  contemporaneous  picture  of  Ig-^ 
natius  de  Loyola,  founder  of  the  order 
of  Jesuits,  by  an  unknown  hand,  de* 
serves  a  remark.  It  represents  the 
saint  as  a  man  of  about  30  years  oC 
age,  with  a  welUformed  ruddy  coun« 
tcnance^  in  armour^  and  apparently 
free  from  those  ideas  that  afterwarda 
led  him  to  adopt  the  strict  course  of 
life  which  ended  by  the  establishment 
of  the  order.  On  the  lower  part  of 
the  picture,  which  is  of  great  merit  ia 
every  point  of  view,  are  the  words. 
Vera  effigies.  S.  Ignaty  de  Loyola,  and 
in  another  part  is  inscribed,  Dignacio 
Loyola.  A  spirited  portrait  of  Calvin^ 
by  an  unnamed  artist  of  his  day,  ia 
suspended  near  the  above,  and  close 
to  it  is  one  of  Luther.  Neither  of 
these  three  pictures  do  we  recollect  tQ 


*  •'^  ^^  A'irrerf «  of  Ronum  Camps. 

Bt^e  fTpr  leea  engriTed,  t  desideratum 
whicb,  we  ihould  hope,  will  Dot  long 
eittf. 

The  portrait  of  a  personage  of  very 
different  character,  Diane  de  Poictiers, 
is  in  this  part  of  the  gallery,  but  it 
does  not  do  justice  to  her  great  beauty, 
and  will  not  bear  inspection  after 
hating  seen  her  bust  and  statue  by 
Jean  Cousin. 

A  fine  portrait  of  Wiliam  I.  of  Nas- 
sau, the  great  founder  of  the  inde- 
pendance  of  Holland,  by  F.  Porbus, 
sen.  and  several  portraits  of  members 
of  the  illustrious  houses  of  Montmo-' 
fcncy.  La  Rochefoucauld,  and  Coligny, 
are  the  most  remarkable  that  remain 
to  attract  attention  on  the  walls  of 
this  room.  This  apartment,  as  we 
have  already  observed,  is  one  of  the 
hirgest  in  the  series,  and  the  preceding 
brief  selection  of  the  more  prominent 
pictures  in  it,  may  suffice  to  give  an 
idea  of  the  nature  and  value  of  its 
contents.  We  have  often  wiled  away 
hours  of  most  satisfactory  meditation 
within  its  walls,  and  have  always  left 
it  with  regret. 


Mr.  Urban,  May  Sth, 

AMONG  the  rules  laid  down   in 
Hyginos,  relating  to  the  castrameta- 
tioD  of  the  Romans,  he  says,  (with 
Terence  to  the  choice  of  ground  for  a 
eamp,)  "Those  defects  which  our  an- 
cestors called  novercce    (mothers-in- 
law)  ought  always  to  be    avoided ; 
such  as  a  hill  commanding  the  camp, 
by  which  the  enemy  can  descend  in 
attack^  or  see  what  is  done  in  the 
camp;  or  a  wood  where  the  enemy 
can  lie  in  ambush  ;  or  ravines  or  val- 
leys by  which  they  can  steal  unawares 
6n  the  camp ;  or  such  a  situation  of 
tiie  camp  that  it  can    be  suddenly 
flooded  from  a  river."     Improbable  as 
lit  may  seem,  yet  it  can  be  demon- 
strated that  these  defects  (these  no- 
verctB  of  the  Romans)  are  at  this  day 
to  be   traced,   by    nearly  the    same 
name,  in  the  vicinity  of  the  sites  of 
amcient  camps  in  this  country :   for, 
although  these  places  are  now  called 
and    written    Nowbr,    Norb,    and 
NoRK,  yet  such  may  have  been  the 
vtilgar  modes  of  pronouncing  noverca 
among  the  Roman  soldiery.  Whether 
this  were  so  or  not,  it  is  certain  that 
there  are  very  many    places  called 
Nower  and  Nore  in  this  island  ;  but 


[Aug. 

no  one  has,  I  believe,  ever  accounted 
for  the  name,  or  attempted  to  do  so. 
I  will  mention  three  ioBtances  in  de- 
monstration o(  my  views  upon  this 
subject-. 

Upon  that  eminence,  near  Dorking 
In  Surrey,  called  Bury -hill,  (at  the 
foot  of  which  is  the  mansion  of 
Charles  Barclay,  esq.)  there  was,  un- 
doubtedly, a  Roman  camp.  There 
are  other  proofs  of  such  being  the 
fact  besides  the  name.  Another  and 
a  higher  part  of  the  same  eminence 
(lying  nearer  to  the  town  of  Dorking) 
is  called  "  The  Nower/'  and  it  com- 
mands, as  it  were,  that  part  of  the 
elevation  which  is  known  as  Bury-hill. 

At  Headley,  in  the  same  county, 
there  is,  on  very  high  ground,  a  wood 
called  the  Bury  (and  frequently  The 
Old  Bury)  where  there  certainly  was, 
heretofore,  a  camp.  An  adjoining 
and  overlooking  eminence  is  called 
The  Nore,  and,  as  frequently,  the 
Nower, 

Burgh  House  at  Bansted,  in  Surrey 
(not  far  from  Epsom  Downs),  also 
stands  upon  the  site  of  a  Roman 
camp.  Of  this  being  the  fact  there 
can  be  no  question,  as  discoveries 
have  been  there  made  indicating  its 
Roman  origin  or  character.  Close  to 
this  (now  merely  separated  by  a  road) 
is  somewhat  higher  ground,  called 
NorJc,  upon  which  stands  the  mansion 
called  Nork  House.* 

In  each  of  these  three  instances  one 
of  the  disadvantages  or  defects  pointed 
out  by  Hyginus  existed.  The  No- 
verca (Nower,  Nore,  or  Nork)  ap- 
pears to  have  overlooked  its  adjoining 
bury  or  camp.  At  Burgh  (in  Ban- 
sted) the  Romans  evidently  endea- 
voured to  counteract  the  imperfection 
they  had  thus  to  contend  with,  by 
raising  a  large  barrow  or  tumulus  at 
the  extremity  of  Nork,  and  in  such  a 
position  as  therefrom  the  camp  and 
the  adjacent  country  could  be 
watched. t  [Tumuli,  says  Dr.  Clarke, 
were  raised  by  the  Romans  in  their 
camps  and  citadels  ;  certainly  for  re- 
connoissance.  Vide  Fosbroke.]  As 
some  proof  of  the  Roman  origin  of 

*  Nork  was  the  seat  of  the  late  ve- 
nerable Lord  Arden  ;  and  Burgh  that  of 
the  present  lord,  who  is  also  Earl  of 
Bgmont. 

t  This  barrow  is  planted  with  fir  trees, 


1843.] 


Est,  Est^  Est. — Monument  dt  Montefiascone. 


r4i 


this  barrow  or  tumulus,  and  of  the 
Roman  names  of  places  having  de- 
scended to  these  times,  is  the  fact, 
that  the  field  where  the  barrow  is 
go6s  by  the  name  of  Tumble  Field, 
(a  corruption  of  Thmulus  or  of  the 
British  word  Twmpath)  ;  and  the  ad- 
jacent farm  is  called  Tumble  Farm. 

"  Nore,  Nower,  and  Nork,  although 
thus  slightly  varying  in  orthography, 
can,  it  is  plain,  equally  claim  No- 
verca  for  their  parent. 

That  many  other  instances  of  the 
proximity  of  Nower  and  Bury  (as  ap- 
plied to  places)  exist  in  this  country 
i  am  convinced  ;  and  I  trust  I  shall 
see  such  communications  to  you  (in- 
duced by  the  present  one)  upon  the 
subject,  as  will  strongly  confirm  my 
hypothesis.  Do  not  the  same  coin- 
cidences exist  in  France,  and  in  other 
countries  which  the  Romans  oc- 
cupied, as  well  as  in  Britain  ? 

There  are,  I  feel  persuaded,  more 
remains  of  the  language  of  the  Ro- 
mans in  the  names  of  places,  in  this 
island,  than  have  been  generally  ima- 
gined. To  evince  this  I  will  shortly 
trouble  you  with  another  communica- 
tion on  the  subject. 

Yours,  &c.  J. P. 


'*  Est,  Est,  Est." 
Mr.  Urban,  Aiheneum,  April, 
SOME  light  has  lately  been  thrown 
on  the  remarkable  inscription  com- 
mencing with  the  above  words,  well 
known  to  all  travellers  who,  on  their 
route  from  Florence  to  Rome,  pass 
through  the  town  of  Montefiascone. 
In  a  work  entitled  "  Comentario  su  1' 
origine  della  Citta  di  Montefiascone," 
published  in  that  town  in  1841,  is 
given  an  engraving  of  the  monument 
of  the  Grerman,  commonly  said  to  have 
been  a  prelate,  who  died  there  of  a 
surfeitcaused  by  indulging  too  much  in 
the  wine  for  which  that  place  is  so  cele- 
brated. The  tomb  is  in  the  church  of 
St.  Flavian,  and  contains  the  following 
inscription,  as  given  in  the  above 
work : — 

"  Est,  Est,  Est,  propter  nimiam 
Est  hie  Jo:  Deuc  Dominus 
Mens  mortuas  Est." 

Above  it,  is  represented  the  figure  of 

tduch  are  a  -well  known  object,    being 
risible  for  many  miles. 


a  person  in  flowing  robes,  with  a  kind 
of  coronet  on  the  head,  and 
a  broad  facing  to  his  robe 
this    fashion 


m 


extending  from  the  breast 
downwards  ;  on  each  side 
of  the  head  b  is  what 
is  commonly  ri  called  a 
wine-glass,  ^-^  though 
it  has,  1  think,  in  the  en- 
graving, as  much  the  appearance  of  an 
hour-glass  ;   and  a   shield    of  arms. 

It  is  not  easy  to  de- 
cide what  animal  the 
rampant  figure  is  in- 
tended to  portray. 
There  is  on  the  monu- 
ment no  representation 
of  crosier,  ring,  or 
mitre,  so  that  it  is  nqt 
probable  that  the  person  was  a  prelate; 
if  he  had  been  so  his  title  would  pro- 
bably have  been  given  in  the  inscrip- 
tion. "  La  Cronacadei  Curati"  dates 
the  event  in  the  year  1113. 

The  victim  of  the  good  wine  of 
Montefiascone  left  "  il  ricco  suo  equi- 
paggio"  (said  to  have  been  worth 
13,000  crowns)  to  the  "  commune," 
to  be  applied  to  pious  and  useful  in- 
stitutions :  and  the  revenues  are  now 
employed  in  the  support  of  a  seminary 
and  a  hospital.  In  the  work  which 
contains  this  account  is  printed,  for 
the  first  time,  a  sonnet,  by  Casti,  on 
"  Est,  Est,  Est." 

Among  other  circumstances  regard- 
ing Montefiascone,  it  is  stated  that 
Thomas  (Cantilupe),  bishop  of  Here- 
ford, died  there  in  1287,  when  on  his 
way  from  Rome  to  England,  and  that 
his  fiesh  was  interred  there,  his 
bones  being  sent  to  his  native  country, 
where  so  much  blood  miraculously 
dropped  from  them  that  the  bishop's 
great  enemy,  the  Earl  of  Gloucester, 
was  converted  by  the  miracle,  for 
which  and  other  prodigies  the  bishop 
was  canonized  by  Pope  John  XXII . 
It  may  be  remarked  that  this  date  and 
place  of  his  death  do  not  agree  widi 
other  accounts^the  date  certainly  ap- 
pears to  be  incorrect. 

James  "  the  Third"  was  married  at 
Montefiascone,  September  1st,  1719, 
to  Clementina  Sobieski,  by  the  bishop^ 
who,  on  the  last  day  of  the  following 
year,  baptised  their  son,  **  the  Prince 
of  Wales^"  at  Rome,  whither  he  was- 


14Z 


Diafy  of  P.  Le  Neve,  Norroy. 


[Aug. 


called  for  the  parpoie.  Some  church 
orDameDts  presented  by  James  and  his 
wife  to  the  bishop  are,  I  believe,  still 
preserved  at  Montefiascone. 

Some  doubt,  which  appears  to  exist 
regarding  the  name  of  the  unfortunate 


German,  may  be  decided,  perhaps,  by 
some  of  your  correspondents  acquainted 
with  the  arms  of  the  ancient  families  of 
Germany.* 

Yours,  &c.  W.  C.  Tbbvelyan, 


Extracts  from  the  MS.  Diary  of  P.  Lb  Neve,  Norroy  King  op  Arms. 

From  the  original  MS.  in  thepoisestion  of  Geo.  A,  Carihew,  Esq. 

Continued  from  Vol.  XVIII.  p.  265r. 


1710,  March. — Guiscard,  Marquis, 
al.  diet,  the  Abbat  De  la  Bourlie, 
stabbed  Mr.  Harley  in  a  Committee 
of  Councill  8th  instant,  March,  about 
4  afternoon,  as  be  was  under  examina- 
tion at  the  cockpitt,  with  a  penknife, 
and  was  himself  run  thro'  by  the  Duke 
of  Ormund.  Mr.  Harley  recovered — 
he  sent  to  Newgate — dyed  of  a  morti- 
fication in  one  of  his  wounds  Saturday 
morning  17th  of  March,  in  Newgate, 
so  of  the  bruises  given  him  by  the 
messenger  in  resisting  him. 

1712. — Royall  Society — memoranda 
that  on  Thursday  the  27th  of  March 
1712,  I  was  sworn  a  member  thereof, 
or  on  the  Thursday  the  20th  of  that 
month. 

Vertea  on  Queen  Anne, 

Quod  sit  foeminii  generis  nunc  dicere 
Demo 

Ambigit,  ad  pacem  foemina  pandit  iter. 
Armonim  laude  hnpensis  fatoq.  yolenti 

Quae  Bellona  fuit  jam  Dea  pacis  erit. 


By  a  Spanish  Phisitian,  in  Postboy, 
Saturday,  11  of  Oct.  1712. 

1715.  March. — BoUinbroke,  Vis- 
count, went  over  to  Calais  in  a  disguise 
this  month. 

Kneller,  S'  Godfrey,  Painter,  K*. 
was  created  Baronet  by  Letters  Patent 
dated         day  of  April,  1715. 

Steel,  Richard,  formerly  writt  the 
Spectator,  knighted  then. 

Ormund,  Duke,  impeach'd,  and  Vis- 
count Bollingbroke — y*  Duke  went  to 
France  the  beginning  of  August — 
landed  at  Deip  Wednesday,  August 
,  with  one  serv*  Renauld — bills 
of  attainder  brought  against  them  and 
attainted. 

Rowe,  Nicholas,  esq.  Poet  Laureate 
in  room  of  Nat.  Tate,  who^yed  12  of 
August,  took  the  oaths. 

Ormund — Bolinbroke — M*  this  14 
of  Sept.  1715,  the  house  of  Lords 
ordered  that  the  Earle  Marshall  should 
take  care  that  the  titles  of  the   late 


*  "We  add  the  following  extract  from  Misson's  Tour  through  Italy : — **  As  we  drew 
near  to  Montefiascone,  a  little  town  seated  on  a  hillock^  eight  miles  from  Vi terbium, 
the  children  came  out  to  meet  us,  asking  whether  we  would  see  Est,  Est,  Est.  Per- 
haps you  have  already  heard  the  story,  but  it  is  so  singular,  that  I  am  resolved  at  all 
adventures  to  give  you  an  account  of  it.  A  certain  gentleman,  or  perhaps  an  abbot 
or  archbishop,  as  you  will  afterwards  perceive,  travelling  from  Germany  into  Italy, 
used  to  send  his  servant  before  him,  says  the  tradition,  to  taste  the  wine  in  all  the 
taverns  on  the  road  with  orders  to  write  the  word  Est  over  the  door  where  he  found 
the  best  liquors.  Now  it  happened  that  the  Muscatello  of  Montefiascone  pleased  Mr. 
Taster's  palate  to  such  a  degree,  that  he  thought  it  deserved  a  triple  encomium,  and 
therefore  wrote  three  Ests  over  the  door ;  and  it  seems  the  master  was  no  less  pleased 
with  it  than  the  man,  for  he  drank  so  much  of  it  that  he  fell  sick,  and  died  on  the 
spot.  We  went  to  see  his  monument  in  St.  Flavian's  church,  about  200  paces  from 
the  town,  where  he  is  represented  with  a  mitre  on  his  head,  and  on  each  side  of  him 
are  two  scutcheons,  (quarterly  in  the  1st  a  lion,  in  the  2nd  two  fesses,  the  shield  is 
not  blazoned,  his  name,  according  to  tradition,  was  John  de  Fucris  ;  this  is  the  name 
of  one  of  the  greatest  families  in  Auaburg^)  with  as  many  drinking  glasses.  At  his  feet 
are  these  words  in  worn  and  half  Gothic  characters,  Est^  Estj  Est,  propV  nimium 
Esty  To,  de  Fucr\  D.  meus  mortuus  Est ;  that  is,  Est,  Est,  Est,  for  taking  too  much 
Est  my  master,  Jo.  de  Fucris,  lost  his  life.  Itis  plain  that  this  epitaph  was  made  by 
his  servant.  I  remember  seeing  it  quoted  in  three  or  four  places,  but  never  without 
some  error.'^  Misson's  Voyage  to  Italy,  1695.  This  gives  the  bishop  a  name  ma- 
terially different  from  our  correspondent's  reading.    Edit. 


1843.] 


Diartf  of  P.  Le  iVeve,  Norroy. 


143 


Duke  of  Ormund  and  Visc^  Bo1inbrok6 
should  be  strook  out  of  all  Rolls  of  the 
nobility,  which  was  done  the  17  by 
order  of  the  Earle  Marshall  by  me, 
P.  L.  Norroy. 

1716. — Ormund,  Duke,his  atchieve- 
nent  taken  down  and  spurned  out  of 
the  church,  the  sword  first,  banner 
next,  helmet,  crest,  and  lambrekins 
after,  by  Garter  nominated,  Norroy, 
Phester,  Windsor,  Somerset,  Richm**, 

mcaster  Heralds,  and  Portcullis  pur- 
8i:Kvant,  after  morning  prayer — after 
went  to  the  subdean's,  where  they 
druok  the  King's  health,  princes,  &c. 
and!  arrived  at  London  that  night. 
[N(^  date,  but  between  entries  of  6th 
an4l2thJuly,  1716.] 

iicibnittz,  aged  86,  born  1630,  God- 
fyidWilhelm,  Historiographer  in  Hano- 
ver, a*  great  mathematitian  and  philo* 
sopher,  dyed  of  an  appoplex,  or  rather 
of  the  gout  in  his  stomach,  Saturd. 
night,  14  Nov.  n.  stile  and  3d  old 
stile ;  deposited  in  the  Church  in  the 
New  town  at  Hanover  till  the  King 
orders  —  his  relations  at  Leipsyk, 
where  he  was  born — no  will — un- 
married. 

Sunday,  29th  of  July,  1716.  1 
went  to  Hampton  Court  by  water. 
Mr.  Stebbing  Somerset  with  me  in  the 
boat,  i  after  5  in  morn.  Hazy— 
reacht  Hampton  Court  at  (before)  11 
— at  12  kist  y*  Gardian's  hand.*  At 
one  the  Gardian  and  Princess  (came 
after)  went  to  chappell  attended  as  the 
King,  4  Serjeants  at  arms,  the  band 
of  Pentioners,  the  Lord  Longvile  car- 
ried the  sword,  and  returned  in  the 
same  manner.  She  dined  publickly. 
•All  persons  of  the  meanest  rank  suffered 
to  crowd  in — both  served  on  the  knee, 
the  Gardian  by  gentlemen  cupbearer, 
carver,  and  sewer,  with  the  assay ;  the 
princess  by  3  ladys  cupbearer,  with 
the  assay,  carver,  and  sewer,  with  the 
•^ssay, — returned  tow***  London  at  5, 
arrived  at  London  at  1 1  that  night. 

[Marginal  mem.]  Peter  Leneve  kist 
the  prince's  hand  that  morning  on  ac- 
count of  goeing  to  Hanover  with  the 
Habits  of  the  order  of  Garter,  to  in- 
vest Prince  Freder**  and  Duke  of  York. 

1717.— Segar,  Symon,  esq.  dyed 
fc  -   I  

*  His  Royal  Highness  George-Augustus, 
Prince  of  Wales ,  was  appointed  Guardian 
of  the  Realm  y  and  Lieutenant  within  the 
same,  July  5, 1716.     (Beatson.) 


(lay  of  March  1716-17  without  issue 
male,  great-grandsonof  S' Will.  Segar> 
K*  Garter — one  D*"  left — buried  at 
.  A  damnable  rake,  but 
his  head  turned  to  Heraldry, 

Palliotti,  Ferdinando  Marquis,  bro- 
ther to  the  Dutchess  of  Salop,  tryed 
and  condemned  for  the  murder  of  his 
servant — a  wild  boar,  a  lyon,  not  fitt 
to  live  in  the  world,  haveing  killed  17 
severall  persons — hanged  at  Tyborn 
for  the  same  on  Munday,  l7th  of 
March,  1717. 

1748. — Salop,  Duke,  who  dyed  the 
last  month,  was,  at  the  time  of  the 
death  of  Queen  Anne,  Lord  Treasurer 
of  Britain,  Lord  Chamberlain  of  House- 
hold, Lord  Leif*  of  Ireland,  which 
never  before  happened. 

Installation  of  the  Prince  Frederick, 
the  Duke  of  York  and  Albany,  St« 
Alban's,  Montagu,  and  Newcastle, 
with  the  Earl  of  Berkley,  celebrated 
at  Windsor  31  of  Aprill  1718,— the 
Proctor  for  Prince  Frederick  was  S' 
Samuel  Lennard,  K*  and  baronet,  who 
was  knighted  at  the  same  time  with 
S'  Adolphus  Oughton,  who  was  proxy 
for  the  Duke  of  York. — Dined  at  the 
King's  expense — Mr.  Anstis  officiated 
as  Garter  then  the  first  time. 

[Feb.  7,  17I8-I9.]  King  at  the 
new  house  of  Lords  in  the  middle  of 
Westminster  hall,  whilst  the  old  house 
repaired,  came  to  pass  severall  acts  of 
Parliament — the  state  met  him  at  his 
coach  side  at  Westm'  hall  great  gate 
in  the  new  pallace  yard*;  walkt  along 
the  west  side  of  the  hall  up  to  the 
Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  King's 
bench  his  reteyring  room  by  the 
Treasury,  King's  bench,  where  he  put 
on  his  robes — officers  of  arms,  serients, 
and  band  of  Pentioners  stood  at  Hall 
gate  to  receive  him,  and  walkt  before 
him — the  band  halted  at  the  steps  of 
the  first  room  to  the  door 

of  the  inner  room  and  filed  of — after- 
wards went  down  to  the  steps  of  the 
rooms  just  in  West'  hall,  from  whence 
they  attended  the  King  to  the  house, 
turning  to  the  left  and  goeing  upon 
the  left  of  the  throne. 

Titus,  Mrs.  one  of  the  daughters 
and  heirs  of  Coll.  Titus,  long  since 
dec**,  and  a  stale  maid,  liveing  at  Bus- 
shey  in  Hertf.  worth  50,00OZ.  married 
to  Timothy  her  footman — the  other 
sister  dyed    day  of 

Craggs,  James,  Esq.  one  of  the  Be« 


Dimry  of  P.  Lb  Nevet  Non*oy. 


H4 

crcUurys  of  Estate,  dyed  of  the  smaH 
pox  between  3  and  4  afternoon  Thars- 
day  16  of  Febr.  1720-21,  at  his  house 
in  Jermyn  Street — buried  at  West- 
minster Abbey,  Thursday  2d  of  March, 
io  the  same  vault  with  General!  Monk, 
Marquis  of  Halifax,  Earl  of  Halifax, 
and  Secretary  Addison.  His  epitaph, 
his  father  being  a  footman  first,  and 
of  no  family—- 

"  Here  lyes  the  Sd  who  dyed  before  the 
first  of  lus  family." 

Craggs,  James,  father  of  Craggs  the 
secretary,  dyed  Tuesday  14  or  Thurs^ 
day  16  of  March  of  a  dose  of  opium, 
because  he  would  not  be  examined 
before  the  house  of  Com'ons — buried 
at  Charleton  in  Kent,  Tuesday,  28 
March,  1721. 

1,200  p.  ann.  land. 

92,000  South  Sea  Stock. 

43,000  East  In. 

26.000  bank. 

Prior,  Mathew,  formerly  Plenipo  in 
the  treaty  with  France,  a  most  excel- 
lent Poet,  dyed  at  Wyneld  in  Cam- 
bridgeshire 18  day  of  Sept.  1721, 
buried  in  Westm'  Abbey,  25  day  of 
September,  about  half  an  hour  past  12 
at  noon,  next  Spencer's  tomb,  the  Poet, 
— he  wrote  his  own  epitaph,  which 
was  handed  about  the  town — was 

King^  and  nobles,  by  your  leave, 
Here  lye  the  bones  of  Mathew  Prior, 

A  son  of  Adam  and  of  Eve, — 

Liet  Bourbon  or  Nassau  goe  higher. 

Answered  by  P.  L.  Norroy. 

They  can't  because  your  name  is  prior, 

Johnson,  S'  Robt.,  who  was 
knighted  by  King  Geo.  and  ran  away 
to  sea  without  paying  fees  for  the 
Honor,  comander  of  the  Exeter  man 
of  war,  with  his  2  sons  drowned  in 
the  Addison,  an  East  Indian  ship, 
lost  at  the  Ciape  of  good  (and  bad) 
hope  in  Africa,      day  of  June,  1722. 

Thoresby,   Ralf,   esq.   of  Leeds  in 

Yorkshire,  a  very  good  antiquary,  and 

my  good  friend,  dyed  there       day  of 

Sept.  1725,  buried  in  the  church  there 

day  of 

Durfy,  Thomas,  the  poet,  ingenious 
for  witty  madrigals,  buried  Tuesday 
26  day  of  February,  1722-3,  in  St. 
James's  Church  in  Midds.  at  the 
charge  of  the  Duke  of  Dorset. 
'  Newport,  Ld.  Viscount.  —  On  his 
coach  his  motto  "Ne  supra  modum 
'-  -    4 


[Aug. 


sapere.^'  The  father  of  E.  Bradford,  a 
fole, — the  son  not  over  wise. 

(1727)  George  1st,  King  of  Great 
Britain,  &c.  taken  ill  of  the  fatigue  of 
his  journey  on  the  road  between  Ro- 
land and  Osnaburgh  (driving  150  miles 
day)  dyed  there  in  the  Duke  of  York's 
Pallace  on  Sunday  morning  the  11th 
of  June,  after  one  of  the  clock,  about 
three — aged  68,  and  days,  since  28 
of  May  last — 13  of  his  reign  —  the 
news  came  to  London  by  express  on 
Wednesday  14th  of  June ;  his  son  and 
heir  George  Prince  of  Wales  pro- 
claimed on  Thursday  noon  15th  in- 
stant in  the  Court  at  Leicester  house — 
the  Lords  Chancelor,  Privy  Seale, 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and  many 
others  of  the  privy  councill  standing 
by  the  officers  of  arms.  Garter  read- 
ing y*'  Proclamation  thereon  in  the 
midle  of  the  Court  all  on  foot,  and 
after  the  officers  of  arms  mounted  on 
horse  back,  and  garter  and  clarenceux 
proclaiming  him  again  afore  the  new 
King — appartment  without  the  court 
in  the  square — a  party  of  Granadeers 
led  the  way — K*  marshals  men,  trum- 
pets, king  Serjeant  trumpet,  officers 
of  arms,  Richmond,  Norroy,  Clarenc. 
and  Garter,  each  between  2  serjeants 
at  arms.  3d  Proclamation  at  Charing 
Cross,  Clarenc.  read,  Norroy  Pro- 
claimed ;  so  to  Temple,  and  against 
Chancery  lane  end,  Norroy  read, 
Richmond  repeated,  met  by  Lord 
Maior  with  sword-bearer^  comon  cryer 
[with  wand  ?]  Aldermen,  Sheriffs,  Re- 
corder, Judges  of  City  Courts,  comon 
hunt,  waterbailif.  Town  clerk.  At- 
torney, all  in  coaches,  which  should 
not  have  been  —  Maior,  Aldermen^ 
Recorder,  and  Sheriffs  should  have 
been  on  horseback,  and  sword-bearer, 
comon  crier,  comon  hunt,  and  water 
bayliff,  with  the  others,  all  on  foot, 
and  not  in  their  coaches. 

M**.  the  usher  of  black  rod  ridd  in  a 
hetter  place  then  Garter,  and  it  is  saiijl 
within  Temple  bar  Garter  ridd  afore 
or  after  L**  Maior's  coach. 

King's  Will  deposited  in  the  hands 
of  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  read 
in  Councill.  15,000Z.  in  bank  bills 
found  in  the  King's  closet. 

Parliament  met  27th  of  June  1727, 
King  George  the  2d  came  to  the  house 
of  Lords,  made  a  Speech  in  English 
which  he  read  sitting  on  the  throne  in 
his  Royal  robes,  with  crown  on  his 


1843:] 


Catholic  jand  Protestant  Scholars. 


145 


head.  Officers  of  arms  yfho  attended 
Garter,  Clarence,  Norroy,  Richmond> 
Windsor,  Lancaster,  Portcullis,  Blew- 
roaotle.  Rouge  Croix  attended.  So- 
merset absent  in  person  at  Hull,  Chester 
at  the  Bath,  York  and  Roug  Dragon 
came  too  late. 

'  Le  Neve,  Peter,  Norroy  King  of 
Arms,  married  at  Sparham  Church  on 
Sunday  morning  26  of  July  1727,  by 
Mr.  Hunt,  Rector,  by  licence — his  wife 
and  Sam  Knolles  present — to  Frances, 
daughter  of  Robert  Beeston,  Miller,  of 
Wychingham. 

Twelf-day  —  waited  at  Court,  the 


King^  and  Queen  went  to'Chappell — 
after  2d  service,  at  the  words  for 
offering,  the  King  went  down  and  of- 
fered in  3  silk  purses,  inclosed  in  a 
deal  box,  covered  with  silk^  gold, 
frankincense>  and  mirh ;  the  gold  was 
only  about  12  pennyworth  of  leafe 
gold,  in  the  2  others  about  2  penny* 
worth  of  each  sort. 

Woodward,  Dr.  Auction  of  Books 
ended  25  of  Mar.  1729,  the  Clypeus 
votivus  sold  for  100  guineas,  bought 
for  that  price  by  Capt.  Vincent — note, 
a  fool  and  his  money  soon  parted. 


Note. — The  foregoing  are  all  I  have  thought  worth  extracting  from  Le  Neve*s  Diary, 
for  although  there  are  four  volumes  bound  up  of  Memoranda  of  Marriages,  Births, 
and  Burials  of  the  Nobility  and  Gentry  of  Great  Britain,  and  Parliament  men,  with 
other  Notable  Transactions,"  which  might  be  useful  if  indexed  to  the  genealogist, 
biographer,  and  herald,  they  would  not  be  of  sufficient  general  interest  for  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine.  ^  They  are  apparently  the  rough  entries  from  which  his  MSS.  in  the 
Jleralds*  College  were  compiled.  G.A.C*   ' 


Mr.  Urban,  Cork. 

( Continued  from  p .  31.) 

ESTIMATING  then,  in  further  ap- 
preciation, our  author's  claim  of  prece- 
dence for  the  partizans  of  Reform,  we 
may  ask,  whether  in  literature,  when 
the  study  of  the  classics  constituted  its 
leading  culture,  the  Italian  commen- 
tators, to  whom,  in  fact,  Europe  owes 
essentially  the  restoration  of  letters, 
and  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for 
nearly  all  the  originals — the  entire, 
without  exception,  of  the  Latin,  and, 
save  a  very  few,  for  the  Greek,  authors 
of  antiquity,  were,  1  say,  the  Manutii, 
Victorius,  Sigonius,  with  numerous 
others,  surpassed  in  critical  acumen, 
inferior  in  elucidation,  or  less  felicitous 
in  defining  the  genuine  texts  ?  And, 
in  native  productions  during  that 
century,,  what  rivals,  in  the  precincts 
of  Protestantism,  can  be  opposed  to 
Ariosto,  Tasso,  Vega,  Ercilla  y  Zuniga, 
(author  of  the  epic  *'  La  Araucana,") 
Canioens,  or  Cervantes,  except  the 
single  name  of  Spenser  in  England  ? 
The  religion  of  Shakspere  is  no  where 
unequivocally  announced ;  a  silence 
which  sufficiently,  I  think,  establishes 
ita  character;  for  the  profession,  or 
infenential  indications  of  the  dominant 
creed  v^ould  no  more  have  been  with- 
held^b^  him  than  by  Spenser  and  his 
othec.cobteinporaries ;  while  the  de- 
'    Gbnt.  I^aq.  Vol.  XX. 


claration  of  a  persecuted  faith,  then, 
during  the  exasperation  of  the  Gun- 
powder Plot,  more  especially,  the 
peculiar  object  of  popular  odium^ 
was  scarcely  to  be  expected,  however 
sincere  its  internal  persuasion  may 
have  been,  even  from  more  ardent 
Catholics  than  a  stage  actor,  or  play- 
wright, may  be  considered.  Hi$ 
father's  religious  belief  rests  un- 
disputed on  the  evidence  of  his  extant 
will,  given  by  Malone,  vol.  L  part  ii. 
p.  330,  of  his  edition  (1780)  of  the 
poet.  The  great  and  well-founded 
boast  of  Holland  at  that  period^ 
Justus  Vanden  Vondel,  partly  the 
contemporary,  but  long  the  survivor  of 
Shakspere  (1587 — 1679),  abandoned 
his  original  sect  the  Anabaptists,  or, 
as  they  now  call  themselves,  teleio- 
baptists,  for  the  Catholic  communion^ 
in  which  he  continued  to  live,  and  in 
which  he  died.  Many,  very  many, 
features  of  resemblance  between  him 
and  our  Bard  may  be  traced,  in  birth, 
genius,  fortune,  &c. ;  and  the  parallel 
is  constantly  drawn  by  the  Dutch 
enthusiasts  of  his  merits.  Of  him,  as 
of  Shakspere,  French  arrogance  hat 
jsaid^  ,  ; 

**  C'est  mi  diamant  brut,  tel  qu'il  sort  de 
laterre?  ;    ^    [plaire, 

Mais  c'estun  diamant,  qui,  taille,  polirraH 
Mtfme  aux  yeux  dcs  Pran9ai8.-** 

..   '  u 


146 


The  Arnaulds^'^Port  Royal, 


[Aug. 


Again,  io   France,  of    which  Calvin 
(page  641)    is   declared  at   once  the 
reformer  of  her  language  and  morals, 
who  does,  or  patiently  could,  read  his 
compositions  in  her  tongue  ?     As  well 
might  the   English  student  be  con« 
demned  to  wade  through  the  cumbrous 
mass  of  Thomas  Norton's  translation 
of  his  great  work,  comprising,  with 
the    table,   about    fourteen    hundred 
closely  printed  octavo  pages,  now  be- 
fore me,  and  bearing  the  date  of  1578. 
-*'  Philip  de  Comines,"  on  the  contrary, 
and  "Amyot"  are  still  perused  with 
delight  in  their  original  idiom,  greatly 
more  pleasurable  to  read  than  his,  to 
"which,  however,  I  am  far  from   re- 
fusing merit.  Indeed,  his  own  estimate 
of  it  was  by  no  means  humble,  as  we 
learn  from  his  *'  Defensio  contra  West- 
phalum  (Opusc.  p.  842)  ;  nor  could, 
we  may  well  conceive,  a  person  of  his 
energy  of  mind  and  dominant  spirit, 
wield  a   feeble  pen.     Conscious  and 
proud,  therefore,  was  he  of  the  talent, 
which  is  granted  him  by  D'Alembert 
knd  Villemain,  and  not  disputed  even 
by  Bossuet,  a  much  higher  authority, 
because  so  much  more  conversant  with 
his    writings,    "Donnons-lui   done," 
says  his  great  adversary,  "  puis  qu'il 
le  veut  tant,  cette  gloire  d'avoir  aussi 
bien  €crit  qu'homme  de  son  si^cle,'' 
\vords  obviously,  however,  more  of  con- 
cession, than  persuasion,  (Variations, 
liv.    ix.)      But,    as    compared    with 
Amyot,  the  opinion  of  no  inadequate 
judge,  and  his  contemporary  as  well 
as   Calvin'e,   Michel    de    Montaigne, 
decides     the     superiority.       In     bis 
Essays,    book   II.,   ch.    iv.  he    says, 
"  Je  donne  avec  raison,  ce  me  semble, 
la  palme  ^Jacques  Amyot  sur  tons 
nos  ^crivains  Fran9ois,  non  seulemcnt 
pour  la  na'ivet^  et  puret^  du  language, 
-en  quoi  il  surpasse  tous  les  autres,"  &c. 
Now,  the  death  of  Conuaes,  of  whose 
%tyle  the  sagacious  Gascon  (livre  ii., 
ch.    10)    is   scarcely   less   laudatory, 
preceded  the  birth  of  Calvin,  between 
whom  and  Amyot  there  was  only  a 
difference  of  four  years  (1509 — 1513)  ; 
and  the  reformer's  writings  assuredly 
had  no  influence  on  the  still-admited 
interpreter  of  Longus,  of  Heliodorus, 
and  Plutarch.    To  Montaigne  himself, 
I  may  say,  the  French  tongue  owes 
.more    obligations   (Gent.    Mag.     for 
October,   1838,  p.  379)  than  to  any 
or  all  thejreformed  writers.    Calvin's 


Latin  diction,  on  the  other  hand,  is 
much  and  deservedly  esteemed ;  and 
the  dedication  of  his  "Christianae 
Religionis  Institutio,"  to  Francis  the 
First,  is  classed  with  the  few  entitled 
to  distinction  in  that  prostituted  line 
of  composition.  (See  Dr.  Dibdin's 
Library  Companion,  p.  798).  The 
book  which  he  translated  into  French, 
though  M.D'Aubign^  preferably  quotes 
the  better  Latin,  and  to  which  this 
dedication  may  be  said,  like  D'Alem* 
bert's  Preliminary  Discourse  to  the 
Encyclopedia,  to  be,  "un  vestibule 
digne  de  Tedifice,"  is,  doubtless,  a 
very  able  exposition  of  his  doctrine, 
yet,  most  certainly,  raised  to  an  absurd 
exaggeration  of  eminence  by  sectarian 
partiality,  when  his  disciple  Thurius 
characterized  it  as  second  only  to 
apostolical  excellence. 

'*  Prseter  Epistolicas  post  Cbristi  tempora 

chartas, 
Huic  peperere  libros  ssecula nulla  parem.'' 

In  his  ardour  for  enlisting  all  faculties 
and  celebrities  in  his  cause,  M. 
D'Aubign^,  at  page  241  of  the  third 
volume  already  adverted  to,  appears 
anxious  to  ascribe  the  literary  value 
of  the  Port  Royal  productions  to  the 
fact  that  the  grandfather  of  the 
Amaulda  had  been  a  Protestant.  By 
a  parity  of  deduction,  the  Catholics 
might  justifiably  claim  for  their  body 
the  genius  of  Milton,  whose  grand- 
father was  a  zealous  adherent  of  their 
creed,  and  disinherited  his  son  for 
abandoning  it ;  as  we  are  assured  by 
the  poet's  biographers.  A  less  distant 
right  would  even  assign  them  Shak- 
spere,  whose  father,  as  his  testamentary 
record,  above  referred  to,  demonstrates, 
was  a  Catholic;  and  were  not  the 
parents  of  all  the  original  reformers 
equally  so  ?  This,  indeed,  from  another 
pen,  would  be  viewed  as  an  extra- 
ordinary course  of  argumentation,  but 
is  by  no  means  in  discord  with  our 
controvertist's  mode  of  reasoning.  It 
is  very  possible  that  in  early  youth, 
when  following  the  fortunes  of  the 
arch-traitor,  Bourbon,  who  fell  at  the 
sack  of  Rome  in  1527>  this  elder 
Arnauld  may  have  swerved  from  his 
native  faith;  but  he  must  have  re- 
turned to  it,  we  may  believe,  when 
appointed  Advocate  General  to  Catha^ 
rine  of  Medicis;  and  it  is  beyond 
doubt    that  his  son  and  namesake^ 


1843.] 


Port  RoyaL-^Cetas. 


147 


the  second  ADtoine,  was  not  a  Protes- 
tant^ though^  from  his  opposition  to 
the  Jesuits^  the  unvarying  policy  or 
conscientious  feeling  of  his  family,  he 
was  often  reported  to  be  one — a  con- 
clusion, we  may  naturally  suppose, 
not  less  applicable  to  his  father.  At 
all  events,  of  the  twenty-two  children, 
fruits  of  his  marriage  with  Catharine 
Marion,  we  know  that  all  the  sur- 
viving daughters,  six  in  number,  in- 
cluding "La  M^re  Ang^lique,"  and 
whom  the  impartial  P^r^fixe,  the 
excellent  biographerofthe  Great  Henry, 
described,  as  "  pures  comme  des  anges, 
mais  orgueilleuses  comme  des  de- 
mons," devoted  themselves  to  religious 
life,  under  vows  of  conventual  obliga- 
tion. Four  only  of  the  sons. reached 
manhood,  of  whom  the  eldest,  Arnauld 
d'Andilly,  died  a  devout  recluse  of 
Port  Royal ;  another  became  bishop  of 
Angers  ;  and  the  youngest,  a  third  An- 
toine,  eminent,  I  have  previously  stated, 
as  "  le  Grand  Arnauld,"  was,  next  to 
Bossuet,  the  most  formidable  adversary 
which  Protestantism  had  then  to  en- 
counter. To  name  his  works  would 
be  sufficient  evidence  of  the  fact,  "  Le 
Renversement  de  la  Morale  de  J^sus 
Christ,  par  les  Calvinistes,"  *'  La 
Perp^tuit^  de  la  Foy,"  &c.  in  proof 
of  transubstantiation,  conjointly  with 
Nicole,  and  numerous  others  of  fervent 
controversy.  At  a  very  early  age,  he 
was  elected  a  doctor  of  Sorbonne,  the 
highest  degree  of  theological  pro- 
fession i  and  yet  this  is  the  family 
which  M  D'Aubign^  would  fain  con- 
vert into  allies,  and  force  into  his 
camp.  As  well  might  he  proclaim 
Bossuet  tributary  to  his  cause ;  and, 
with  far  nearer  approach  to  truth, 
would  the  Catholics  reckon  the  Oxford 
Puseyites  in  their  communion.  History, 
in  these  volumes,  little  sustains,  in- 
deed,;the  duties  and  character  assigned 
to  it  by  Cicero,  as  the  "  testis  tempo- 
rum,  lux  veritatis,"  &c.  (De  Oratore, 
lib.  ii.  9.) 

"  Out  of  Protestant  France,"  adds 
oar  polemic,  ''  arose  all  the  cultivated 
portion  of  the  French  nation  .  .  .  and 
out  of  that  portion  arose  also  the 
society  of  Port  Royal,  a  society  which 
aimed  at  introducing  into  the  ca- 
thoUcism  of  the  Gallican  Church  both 
the  doctrine  and  the  language  of  the 
refonnsdoD."  How  far>  though  sternly 
disclatHied  by  themselves,-  the  Jan- 


senists'  definition  of  predestination 
may  assimilate  to  Calvin's  principles, 
I  am  incompetent  to  determine ;  but 
a  line  in  favour  of  the  Reformation 
never,  I  fear  not  to  assert,  issued  from 
Port  Royal,  whose  inmates,  in  speech 
and  letter,  showed  themselves,  I  re- 
peat, amongst  the  ablest  and  most 
zealous  opponents  of  the  religious 
system  of  which  they  are  here  pro- 
nounced  the  advocates.  And,  em-' 
bracing  the  nation  at  large  in  intel- 
lectual comparison  or  cultivated  rela- 
tion, not  only  did  the  nine-tenths  of 
her  eminent  sons,  in  every  avocation 
of  knowledge  or  action,  profess  the 
Catholic  worship,  but  received  for  the 
most  part  their  education  from  the- 
Jesuits,  to  whose  colleges  even  Pro- 
testants sent  their  children,  notwith- 
standing the  interdict  of  their  synods* 
as  we  learn  from  the  Huguenot  Des- 
maiseaux,  in  his  biography  of  Bayle, 
tome  i.  p.  7.  Nor  was  it  very  un- 
usual with  English  Protestants  to  place 
their  sons  in  the  seminaries  of  St. 
Omer  and  Douay  for  early  instruction, 
or  their  daughters,  with  the  same  view^ 
in  educational  convents.  Yet  Bayle, 
on  the  change  of  his  religion,  at  Tou- 
louse, was  at  once  discarded  and  re*' 
fused  all  support  by  his  father.  Such 
was  the  vaunted  freedom  of  private 
judgment.* 

*  The  deplorable  catastrophe  a  century 
afterwards  (1762),  of  CalaS|  in  the  same 
city,  was  grounded  on  the  supposition  that 
this  Protestant  father  had  put  his  son  to 
death,  for  having,  like  Bayle,  embraced 
the  catholic  creed.  His  innocence  was 
unfortunately  proved  too  late;  but  his 
family  had  the  consolation  of  seeing  his 
memory  relieved  from  the  adhering  Stahi — 
a  service  mainly  due  to  the  influence  and 
exertions  of  Voltaire.  Yet,  not  thirty 
years  after  the  event,  I  found,  to  my 
surprize  and  mortification,  that  many  con- 
temporaries of  the  deed,  and  otherwise 
not  irrational,  were  still  impressed  with 
a  belief  of  the  father's  guilt.  But,  though 
apparently  a  regular  procedure  of  ordinary 
criminal  law,  that  the  iniquitous  sentence 
was  not  free  from  a  religious  bias,  or  fa- 
natical tincture,  can  hardly  be  deniedi 
notwithstanding  the  boasted  enlightment 
of  the  age.  Indeed,  not  much  above  sixty 
years  before,  in  Protestant  Scotland,  m 
its  capital,  too,  the  modem  Athens,  we 
learn  from  the  Appendix  to  Mr.  Homer's 
recently  published  Life,  that  an  unhappfy 
youth,  only  eighteen  years  old,— otherwise. 


148 


Pascal-^-Mad.  de  Sevigni. 


[Aug. 


Great  and  deserved  renown  has  long 
attached  to  Port  Royal;  but«  though 
the  acknowledged  seat  of  learning  and 
piety,  the  persecution  its  members 
had  to  endure  contributed  in  no  small 
degree  to  this  celebrity ;  for,  of  their 
numerous  productions,  almost  the  only 
one  of  surviving  fame  is  Pascal's  Pro- 
vincial Letters.  The  literary  merit  of 
these  letters  no  one  can  contest ;  and 
to  their  publication  Voltaire  refers  the 
fixation  of  the  French  language.  Still, 
their  influence,  as  well  as  that  of  the 
society  whence  they  emanated,  on  the 
national  literature  or  idiom,  has  been 
greatly  exaggerated  by  our  author ; 
for  several  Writers,  held  more  or  less 
classical  at  this  day,  certainly  owed 
to  Pascal  no  obligation  of  style,  such  as 
Corneille,  Moliere,  Quinault,  La  Fon- 
taine, Voiture,  La  Rochefoucauld,  Pellis- 
son,  St.  Real,  who  were  all  his  seniors. 
So  was  Descartes,  whose  "Discours 
de  la  M^thode,"  published  in  1637,  or 
full  twenty  years  before  the  sublime 
hypochandriac's  work  of  genius  ap- 
peared, scarcely  contains  an  obsolete 
"word.  And  so  were  St.  Evremond, 
and  Bussi-Rabutin,  the  purity  of 
whose  style  is  praised  by  Voltaire, 
with  others.  But  Port  Royal's  proud- 
est boast,  because  its  direct  fruit, 
was  the  education  of  Racine,  though 
so  far  from  our  acknowledgements 
being  due  to  his  masters  for  those  im- 
mortal productions  which  shine  with 
brightest  effulgence  amidst  the  glories 
of  that  Augustan  era;  it  is,  on  the 
contrary,  certain,  that  every  exertion 
of  personal  authority,  and  every  de- 
nunciation of  religious  penalty,  were 
urged  to  divert  the  appliance  of  his 
genius  from  its  kmdred  pursuit. 
Madame  de  S^vign^,  whose  letters,  far 
more  than  Pascal's,  may  bid  defiance 
to  time,  for 


it  is  acknowledged  by  Lord  Anstruther,  (a 
judge,)  not  vicious,  and  extremely  studious, 
was  executed  for  blasphemy.  And  in 
17G6,  another  young  man  equally  im- 
mature in  years — the  Chevalier  de  la 
Barre — was  condemned  to  a  cruel  death  at 
Abbeville,  for  mutilating  a  crucifix,  when, 
probably,  reclusion  in  a  lunatic  asylum 
would  have  been  the  appropriate  sentence 
of  the  young  Scotchman,  and  a  few  months' 
imprisonment  a  sufficient  lesson  for  the 
French  youth.  These  events,  humiliating 
to  both  creeds,  are  of  no  remote  date« 


*'  Age  cannot  wither  her,  nor  custom  stale 
Her  infinite  variety,'* 

Antony  and  Cleopatra^  Act.  1.  Sc.  2, 

was  his  junior  only  by  a  few  months, 
and  Bossuet  by  three  years  ;  but  to 
neither  was  he  a  model  of  style,  not 
certainly  to  the  lady  in  grace,  much  as 
she  admired  his  associates,  though  she 
could  smile  at  their  moral  galimatias, 
as  she  terms  their  overstrained  theory 
of  ethics,  (16  July,  1677)  ;*  nor  to  the 

*  Madame  de  S^vign^'s  son,  and,  in 
some  degree,  the  inheritor  of  her  talents, 
did  not,  however,  implicitly  adopt  her 
admiration  of  the  Port  Royal  writers, 
(with  the  necessary  exception  of  Pascal,) 
as  his  correspondence  with  his  sister 
shows.  **  II  juge  mieux  que  sa  m^re  le 
style  trop  vante  des  ^crivains  de  Port 
Royal,"  (see  Letters  of  12  Jan.  and 
2  Feb.  1676),  remarks,  in  consequence, 
M.  Grouvelle,  editor  of  Madame  de 
S^vign^'s  letters,  the  first  of  which,  that 
of  15  March  1647,  to  her  cousin  Bussi- 
Rabutin,  preceded  the  earliest  of  the 
Provinciates f  dated  the  23 id  of  January, 
1656,  by  nearly  nine  years,  but  still  bears 
the  unerring  stamp  of  her  style  and 
manner,  genuine,  original,  and  without 
model,  as  without  rival.  That,  never- 
theless, for  the  use  or  application  of  some 
expressions,  she  was  indebted  to  that 
great  school,  cannot  be  denied,  as  in  the 
words  lumineujc  and  ^clat.  (Letters  of 
27th  September  and  4th  November,  1671 .) 
Yet,  albeit  a  courtly  high-born  lady,  her 
thoughts  and  language  are  not  always 
marked  with  the  delicacy  that  distinguishes 
the  works  of  these  celebrated  cenobites. 
Thus,  on  the  13th  December,  1671,  she 
relates.  "  Je  vols  arriver  cet  homme, 
(the  postman,)  crott6  jusqu'au  c  .  .  ." 
But,  though  untranslatable  in  literal  con- 
struction, the  expression,  with  others  not 
less  unseemly,  will  be  found  in  Montaigne, 
whose  twentieth  chapter  of  his  first  book 
affords  ample  proof  of  the  fact.  Indeed, 
St.  Augustin,  (De  Civitate  Dei,  lib.  xiv. 
4,)  is  quite  as  plain  on  a  particular 
anecdote,  which  his  commentator,  Lu- 
dovicus  Vives,  the  preceptor  of  our  first 
Mary,  illustrates  in  a  similar  strain.  Nor 
does  J.  J.  Rousseau  disguise  the  indeco- 
rous word  in  relating  the  death  of  Madame' 
de  Vercfellis,  (Confessions,  partie  I, 
livre  i.)  ;  and  Suetonius,  as  might  be  ex- 
pected from  the  author  and  his  language, 
for  "  Le  Latin  dans  ses  mots  brave- 
rhonn6tet6,"  (Boileau,  Art  Po^tique, 
Chant  ii),  hesitates  not  to  introduce  it  in 
mentioning  (cap.  32)  the  reported  edict 
of  Claudius.     **  Dicitur  etiam  meditatus 


1843.] 


Mad.  de  Sevign^.^-r-PascaL 


149 


prelate  in  majesty.  As  for  the  stibject 
matter  of  these  letters.  Father  Daniei'a 
*'  Entretiens  deCldandreet  d'Eudoxe" 
(Gent.  Mag.  for  October,  1842,  p.  362,) 
presents  an  able,  though  little  knowo^ 
refutation  oftheir  impeachments  against 
his  order  ;  but,  as  Voltaire  (Si^cle  de 
Louis  XIV,  chap.  33)  truly  remarks^ 
"  II  ne  s'agissatt  pas  d'avoir  raison  : 
il  s'agissait  de  divertir  le  public,"  and 
every    frenchman     knows,     because 

edictum,  quo  Teniam  daret,  flatum  crepi- 
tumque  Tentris  in  convivio  emittendi.^' 
Even  the  influence  of  Voltaire  has  failed 
in  popularizing  the  term  impasse,  in  place 
of  cul  de  sac.  But,  of  our  own  writers, 
see  Hudibras,  canto  i,  839,  and  canto 
iii.  9G4,  &c.  with  Swift,  and  many  others 
now  happily  forgotten. 

It  has  often  struck  me  as  remarkable 
that  in  Madame  de  Sevign^'s  corres- 
pondence the  affectionate  and  familiar 
pronoun,  tu,  the  customary  and  mutual 
address  of  parent  and  child,  as  well  as  the 
signal  of  intimacy,  or  superiority  of  posi- 
tion in  social  relations,  is  never  to  be 
found.  Yet,  in  that  age,  we  have  evidence 
of  its  habitual  use  by  Charles  the  First 
and  Cromwell  towards  their  wives  and 
children  in  family  intercourse,  although 
now  confined  in  England  to  the  Society 
of  Friends,  or  the  peasantry.  It  was  a 
whim  of  Richardson  to  attribute  it  to 
Lovelace  and  his  gay  companions  ;  but 
in  France  it  is  universally  prevalent  in 
domestic  and  intimate  circles  at  present, 
as  it  was  obligatory  by  law  during  the 
period  of  terror  ;  and  Napoleon,  we  know, 
uniformly  employed  it  to  his  Empresses 
and  son,  although  by  no  means  pleased 
when  thus  heedlessly  accosted,  after  his 
elevation,  by  his  old  companion  in  arms, 
Lannes,  forgetful  of  the  distance  which 
then  separated  them. 

Contrary  again  to  our  usage,  the  French 
generally  address  the  Deity  in  the  plural, 
vottSf  as  in  the  Lord's  Prayer,  which  re- 
minds me,  in  answer  to  an  old  inquiry  of 
Cydweli*s,  (Gent.  Mag.  for  December, 
1837,  p.  489),  just  now  accidentally  pre- 
sented to  my  view,  to  assure  him  that  our 
**  lead  us  not  into  temptation,"  doubtless 
the  strict  interpretation  of  the  original,  as 
well  as  of  the  Vulgate,  is  always  rendered 
in  French  families  and  schools,  (expertus 
loquor,)  **  Ne  nous  laissez  pas  succomber 
k  la  tentation,"  or,  as  in  De  Sacy's  version, 
*\  Ne  nous  abandonnez  point  k  la  tenta- 
tion,''  a  construction  to  which  your  valued 
correspondent,  Mr.  Urban,  would,  if  I 
mistake  not^  be  disposed  to  assent ;  for  it 
surely  expresses  the  sense,  if  not  the  letter, 
of  the  supplication. 


deeply  sensi  tive  to,  the  power  of  ridicule, 
not  in  Shaftesbury's  representation,  as 
a  test  of  truth,  but  as  the  probe  of 
feeling. 

Pascal's  "  Pens^es,"  though  appa- 
rently the  mere  rudiments  of  some 
mighty  conception,  not  fully  traceable 
in  this  unfinished  outline,  still,  like 
the  antique  Torso,  will  be  found  un- 
erringly to  display  those  elevated  fa- 
culties of  mind,  which  constitute  ge- 
nius, and  offer  to  our  admiration  an  in- 
tellect of  the  first  compass.  The  frag- 
mentary collection  was  not,  however, 
published  till  1670,  eight  years  after 
his  death,  nor  even  then  so  full  as  we 
now  have  it  in  the  editions  of  Bossut 
and  Renouard.  That  circulated  by 
Voltaire  and  Condorcet  in  1776,  was, 
with  their  wonted  disregard  of  truth, 
and  recklessness  of  ail  means  of  cor- 
ruption, perverted  in  its  sense  by 
their  commentaries,  and  estranged  in 
the  text  by  their  interpolations.  M. 
Cousin  is  now  preparing  an  edition,  I 
am  happy  to  learn,  grounded  on  Pas- 
cal's original  manuscript,  which  I 
have  seen  in  the  royal  library.  It  is 
singular  enough  that  the  spot  conse- 
crated in  sanctity  of  residence  and 
venerated  recollection  by  the  pure  and 
pious  virgins,  associated  in  devotion 
and  charity,  under  the  sacred  charge 
of  Angelica  Arnauld,  should  now  be 
the  site  of  a  lying-in- hospital,  the  re«» 
ceptacle,  in  its  distinct  attributions^ 
still  more  of  guilt  than  of  poverty. 
It  is  thus  we  see  the  purlieus  of  the 
Parisian  palace  of  justice,  the  sanc«- 
tuary  of  law,  made  the  chosen  habita- 
tion of  malefactors.  Nearly  opposite, 
again,  is  the  foundling-hospital,  which 
covers  the  ground  formerly  devoted  to 
the  noviciate  seminary  of  the  Orato- 
rians. 

*'....  Sic  rerum  summa  novator 
Semper,  et  inter  semortales  mutna  vivnnt.* 

LucreU  ii.  72. 

Both  establishments  are  located  be- 
tween the  Luxembourg-gardens  and 
the  observatory  ;  and  in  their  imme- 
diate vicinity  lies  the  ensanguined 
field  of  Ney's  execution,  which,  with- 
out determining  the  problematical 
question  of  its  justice,  it  would,  I 
think,  redound  more  to  our  illustrious 
Duke's  fame  to  have  prevented  than 
suffered.  J.  R«   ~ 

{To  be  continued.) 


150 


The  early  Christians  regarded  as  Jews. 


[Aug. 


Mr.  Urban, 

MILLOT,  in  his  Elements  of  Ancient 
History,  while  discussing  the  ques- 
tion whether  the  eraperor  Trajan  was  a 
persecutor  of  the  Christian^,  mentions, 
among  other  predisposing  causes,  *'  la 
haine  centre  ies  Juifs  toujours  dispo- 
ses k  la  revoke,  Tid^e  du  Judaisme 
attach^e  k  la  nouvelle  religion  .... 
c'est  ce  qui  occasionna  Ies  supplices 
dans  plusieurs  provinces,  sans  qu'il  y 
eut  d'ddit  general  contre  eux."  (Vol. 
iii.  p.  5.)  There  is  a  curious  in- 
stance of  this  confounding  of  Judaism 
with  Christianity,  and  both  with 
Egyptian  paganism,  in  the  letter  from 
Egypt,  ascribed  to  Adrian,  and  ad- 
dressed to  Servian,  his  brother-in- 
law.  Not  being  able  to  refer  to  the 
original  in  Vopiscus,  I  copy  the  words 
from  Crevier's  translation. — "  Le  pa- 
triarche  meme  des  Juifs,  lorsquMl 
vient  en  Egypte,  est  force  par  Ies  uns 
d'offrir  son  encens  k  Christ,  et  par  Ies 
autres  k  S^rapis."  (Hist,  des  Emp. 
Romains,  iv.  393.)  Whether  the 
Jetter  be  genuine  or  not,  the  writer's 
ignorance  is  the  same.  That  of  the 
poet  Rutilius  is  less  gross,  yet  he 
confounds  the  two  religious  in  an  ex- 
traordinary manner,  when  he  at- 
tributes the  spreading  of  Christianity 
to  the  conquest  of  Judea,  and  the  con- 
sequent dispersion  of  the  Jewish 
people. 

Atque  utinam  nunquam  Judea  excisa  fa- 
isset, 

Pompeii  bellis,  imperioque  Titi  1 
Latins  excisse  pestls  contagia  serpunt, 

Yictoresque  sacs  natio  victa  premit.* 

The  same  confusion  appears  in  a 
celebrated  passage  of  Suetonius,  which 
has  been  often  quoted  by  writers  on 
the  Evidences  of  Christianity  : — "  Ju- 
dseos,  impulsore  Chresto,  [scilicet 
Christo]  assidu^  tumultuantes  Roma 
[Claudius]  expulit.''  (Suet,  in  Clau- 
dio,  c.  25.) 

2.  In  your  Magazine  for  June,  p. 
587*  an  objection  is  raised  by  J.  R.  to 
the  common  version  of  Matt.  xxvi.  61, 
as  respects  the  supplementary  word 
fellow.  But  Schleusner,  under  ovtos, 
says,  "Ut  HebraicumriT  (Exod.  xxxii. 


*  This  line  sounds  like  an  adaptation 
of  Hor.  Ep.  i.  156,  lib.  2. — Graecia  capia 
fefum  victorem  cepit. 


I.  et  1  Reg.  XX.  7)  contemtim  non- 
nunquam  usurpatur  de  personis,  vel 
ignobilibus,  vel  quorum  nomina  igno- 
ramus, vel  appellare  nolumus.  Sic 
etiam  ovtos  apud  exteros,  scriptores 
in  contemtum  interdum  adhibetur." 
Dr.  Jones,  in  his  Greek  and  English 
Lexicon,  gives  this  fellow  as  one  of  the 
meanings  of  the  word.  Tyndale  and 
Cranmer  both  have  this  felowe :  the 
English  Geneva  of  1557  has  that  fellow, 
and  Beza's  Latin  translation  has  iste.,  a 
term  synonymous  with  every  sense  of 
nt  and  6vTos,     Doddridge,  too,  who 

does  not  bind  himself  to  the  common 
version,  retains  the  epithet.  Our 
translators  seem  to  have  used  it  em- 
phatically, as  serving,  in  the  minds  of 
the  Jews,  to  contrast  the  meanness  of 
Jesus'  appearance  with  the  magnitude 
of  his  declarations.  Nor  have  they 
done  so  without  discrimination,  for  at 
Exod.  xxxii.  ],  and  1  Kings,  xx.  7« 
they  use  the  word  man  as  not  quite  so 
disrespectful,  since  the  former  passage 
relates  to  Moses,  and  the  latter  to  the 
king  of  Syria,  though  in  either  case 
the  language  is  that  of  complaint.  Yet 
if  these  cases  are  adduced  by  Schleus- 
ner as  instances  of  contempt,  much 
stronger  language  is  justifiable  in  ren- 
dering the  place  in  question.  At  1 
Kings  xxii.  27>  where  the  prophet 
Micaiah  is  sent  to  prison  (a  very 
analogous  passage),  the  contemptuous 
epithet  fellow  is  used.  One  or  the 
other  our  language  requires,  and 
our  translators  have  obviously  acted 
on  a  discriminating  principle.  In  the 
same  way  they  have  rendered  inwrr 
in  Genesis,  xix.  9,  by  this  one  fellow, 
the  last  word  being  supplied  as  if 
such  an  epithet  expressed  the  contrast 
best. 

There  is  an  instance  of  the  use  of 
the  vioxd.  fellow,  where  it  certainly  is 
no  more  necessary  than  in  this  verse, 
in  a  contemporary  writer,  the  Jesuit 
Parsons.  Speaking  of  the  Martyr 
Marsh,  he  says,  "  So  this  fellow  being 
first  but  a  husbandman,  and  then  a 
minister  and  under-curate."  (Three 
Conv.  ii.  422,  quoted  in  Soames's  Hist, 
of  the  Reformation,  iv.  406.)  Here 
the  contemptuous  use  of  the  term  is 
strikingly  exemplified. 

Schleusner  further  observes  in  John 
xi.  47.  "  OVTOS  6  avBpemost  tt?»fc^rT  ^T\^)^ 
ut  etiam  hodie  Judsei  Christum  per 


1843.] 


Zuinglius  on  the  Salvation  of  the  Heathen, 


151 


coDtemtnni  vocant."  The  expression 
man,  "doubtless  (as  J.  R.  observes)^ 
meant  in  no  respectful  sense^"  differs 
little,  if  it  all,  from  fellow  in  this  con- 
nection.  Schleusner  refers  to  Cart- 
wright,  and  to  the  genealogical  work 
entitled  Juchasin  ;  to  which  may  be 
added  the  Chronicles  of  Rabbi  Joseph, 
recently  published  by  the  Oriental 
Translation  Committee.  The  Jewish 
chronicler  speaks  of  Luther  as  a  be* 
Hever  in  that  man,  and  the  whole 
passage  is  so  remarkable,  as  exhibiting 
a  learned  Jew's  opinion  of  a  famous 
period  in  Christian  Church  history, 
that  the  insertion  of  it  can  hardly  be 
superfluous.  Such  a  passage  will, 
perhaps,  make  amends  to  some  of 
your  readers  for  the  dryness  of  the 
previous  philological  argument. 

**  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  the  Pope 
Julius  began  to  build  the  great  high  place 
which  is  in  Romei  [St.  Peter's] ,  that  he 
sent  the  Franciscan  friars  into  all  the 
districts  of  the  uncircumcised.  And  he 
gave  them  to  bind  and  loose,  and  to  de- 
liver souls  from  perdition.  And  they  de- 
parted and  cried  with  a  loud  voice,  saying, 
'  Take  off  the  ear-rings  of  your  wives  and 
daughters ;  and  it  shall  come  to  pass  when 
ye  shall  come,  that  ye  shall  save  the 
souls  of  your  children  from  perditidn.' 
And  it  came  to  pass,  after  the  death  of 
Julius,  that  the  Pope  Leo  sent  again,  and 
they  went  as  before  unto  the  cities  of 
Ashkenaz  [Germany]  ;  and  they  were 
lifted  up.  And  it  came  to  pass,  whenever 
the  Germans  would  speak,  saying,  '  How 
could  ye  say  this  thing,  and  how  could  the 
Pope  do  it  ?'  they  answered  them  proudly, 
sapng,  '  Ye  shall  be  cursed  if  ye  do  not 
believe,  for  there  is  no  faith  in  you,  and 
ye  shall  be  an  abhorrence  to  all  flesh.' 
And  there  was  one  Martin  Luther,  a  monk, 
a  skilful  and  wise  man  ;  and  be  also  said 
unto  them,  'Why  are  ye  not  ashamed 
when  ye  let  your  voice  be  heard  on  high, 
speaking  such  dreams  ?'  And  the  priests 
could  not  give  an  answer,  and  they  be- 
haved with  madness  after  their  manner. 
And  they  anathematized  him  in  the  year 
one  thousand  five  hundred  and  eighteen. 
And  the  wrath  of  Martin  was  kindled ; 
and  Martin  opened  his  mouth,  and 
preached  with  a  loud  voice  against  the 
Pope,  and  against  the  dreams  and  the 
abominations  of  the  Popes  ;  but  still  he 
delighted  in  that  man,  and  many 
gathered  themselves  unto  him.  And  he 
made  them  statutes  and  ordinances,  and 
spake  nerolt  against  the  wise  men  of 
the  Church ;  and  he  would  explain  after 
his  own  heart  their  law,  and  the  words  of 


Paul ;  and  they  went  not  after  the  precepts 
of  the  Popes;  and  their  laws  are  two 
different  laws  unto  this  day.*'  CVol.  i. 
p.  431.) 

3.  J.  R.  has  candidly  mentioned 
Chauffepi^'s  vindication  of  Zuinglius 
on  the  salvation  of  the  heathen,  to 
whom  may  be  added  Basnnge,  Hist, 
de  TEglise,  vol.  ii.  p.  1489>  where  it 
is  shewn  that  the  sentiments  of  the 
Swiss  Reformer  are  not  conceived  in 
greater  latitude  than  those  of  some  of 
the  Fathers;  for  instance,  Clement 
of  Alexandria,  Justin  Martyr,  and 
Chrysostom.  The  subject  is  one  of 
acknowledged  difficulty,  and,  unless 
the  mind  withdraws  from  it*  must  be 
viewed  in  either  the  wide  or  the  narrow 
extreme.  From  its  difficulty  it  requires 
the  utmost  caution  in  language,  and 
here  those  who  have  treated  it  chiefly 
err.  The  Church  of  Rome  has  taken 
the  very  narrowest  extreme  in  the 
Creed  of  Pius  IV.,  which  is  her  pre- 
sent standard  of  belief.  **  Hanc  veram 
Catholicam  fidem,  extra  quam  nemo 
salvus  esse  potest,  .  ,  .  profiteor  et 
veraciter  teneo."  (Sylloge  Confessio- 
rum,  Oxon.  1825r,  p.  5).  Yet,  accord- 
ing to  Blanco  White,  the  language  of 
the  Creed  is  departed  from  in  English 
Catechisms,  as  to  cases  of  invincible 
ignorance,  a  phrase  extended  even  to 
pagans  and  savages,  (Practical  Evidence, 
1st  edit.  pp.  50,  51.)  The  language 
of  Zuinglius  or  Jurieu,  (whom  J.  R. 
has  also  candidly  guarded  from  mis- 
representation) cannot  go  beyond  this. 
There  is  a  great  beauty  in  the  term, 
the  uncovenanted  mercies  of  God,  which 
some  divines  make  use  of,  when  speak- 
ing of  those  who  hold  error  in 
righteousness,  or  who  have  never  known 
the  truth. 

4.  In  quoting  a  sentiment  of  Selden's^ 
on  the  words  scrutamini  Scripturas, 
(John  V.  39.)  J«  R«  has  not  observed 
that  the  text  is  strangely  misunder- 
stood. The  words  were  not  addressed^ 
as  Selden  represents  them,  to  disciples, 
but  to  the  Jews  (see  verses  18  and  40), 
a  general  expression,  but  certainly  im* 
plying  the  opponents  of  Jesus  at  least. 
Quandoque  bonus  dormitat  Homerus 
(Hor.  Ars  Poet.  359.)  and  Selden'a 
error  shows  the  danger  of  quoting 
from  memory. 

When  M.  Constant  says,  tliat  the 
Protestant  Church  "  desires  her  fol- 


152 


Revelations  in  Dreams, -^Llorente. — Mosheim, 


[Aug. 


lowers  to  examine,  bat  to  believe  as  if 
they  had  not  examined/'  his  words 
are  more  specious  than  solid.  They 
are  those  of  an  extreme  liberal,  not 
well  affected  (I  fear)  to  vital  religion. 
If  a  person  professes  to  belong  to  a 
community,  and  that  community  has 
its  standards,  he  should  either  hold 
with  them  or  leave  it ;  for  he  has  no 
right  to  remain  within  it  and  inveigh 
against  it. 

With  regard  to  the  question  of 
**  good  works,"  which  your  corres- 
pondent has  introduced,  though  often 
professing  to  dislike  controversy,  there 
is  a  passage  in  the  Epistle  to  the  Ephe- 
sians,  which  pronounces  most  clearly 
what  they  are,  and  what  they  are  not. 
Thus,  at  chap.  ii.  verse  9>  it  is  declared 
that  salvation  is  "not  of  works,  lest  any 
man  should  boast,"  and  at  the  next 
verse,  that  we  are  "  created  in  Christ 
Jesus  unto  good  works,  that  we  should 
walk  in  them."  They  are  a  test,  but 
not  a  cause,  unless  a  test  be  so  called, 
in  an  inferior  sense,  which  indeed 
there  is  great  danger  of  overstraining. 

5.  It  is  a  matter  of  history  that 
Luther  had  his  dreams  as  well  as 
Loyola ;  so  too  had  Zuinglius,  for  he 
himself  has  related  that  a  cogent 
theological  -argument  was  first  made 
known  to  his  mind  in  a  dream.  (See 
Basnage,  vol  ii.  p.  1490,  in  answer  to 
Bossuet,  and  Scott's  Contin.  of  Milner, 
vol.  ii.  p.  518.)  John  Newton  is 
another  instance,  in  the  last  century, 
of  minds  being  singularly  acted  upon 
by  a  dream  ;  nor  is  there  anything  un- 
reasonable in  it ;  for,  since  our  facul- 
ties may  be  awake  while  the  body 
sleeps,  (as  is  evident  from  common 
dreams,)  what  is  to  prevent  their  being 
influenced  from  above,  in  that  state,  as 
well  as  in  a  waking  one  ?  Of  visions  we 
have  a  memorable  instance,  also  oc- 
curring in  the  last  century,  in  Colonel 
Gardiner.  De  Feller,  however,  admits 
that  with  respect  to  visions,  "  Les 
Saints  peuvent  s'y  tromper,"  referring 
to  the  article  on  Ste  Catharine  de 
Sienne.  (See  his  Table  at  the  end  of 
"Col.  viii.)  Here  I  must  observe,  that 
the  comparison  of  Luther  and  Loyola 
rs  the  same,  both  in  the  unphilosophical 
D'Aubign^  and  in  the  philosophical 
Ranke.  Both  writers  regard  the  mind 
of  the  one  as  scriptural,  and  that  of 
(he  other  as  visionary.  This  character 

6 


of  Loj'ola's  mind  attracted  the  for- 
midable notice  of  the  inquisition,  a 
circumstance  which  I  had  meant 
to  point  out,  while  unaware  that 
Rauke  had  adverted  to  it.  He  was 
arrested  at  Salamanca  in  1527  as  a 
fanatic  and  an  alomhrado,  (as  one  of 
the  sect  of  illuminati,)  and,  though  he 
recovered  his  liberty  in  less  than  a 
month,  he  was  forbidden  to  qualify 
mortal  or  venial  sins,  till  he  had  stu- 
died theology  for  four  years.  His 
second  successor,  Borgia,  was  also  de- 
nounced as  an  alomhrado,  and  only 
saved  himself  from  the  prisons  of  Val- 
ladolid  by  quitting  Spain  when  he 
learned  that  his  trial  had  commenced. 
His  treatise  on  Christian  works  was 
twice  placed  in  the  Index  Expurgato- 
rius,  in  1559  and  in  1583.  (Llo- 
rente,  p.  371-3;  Ranke,  part  i.  p. 
50,  Kelly's  translation).  The  chapter 
of  Llorente  (the  30th)  is  entitled,  "  Of 
the  prosecution  of  several  saints  and 
holy  persons  by  the  Inquisition." 

The  text  of  Llorente,  as  it  stands  in 
the  English  translation  of  1826,  con- 
tains a  blunder,  iaurini  generis.  It 
says  that  Francis  de  Borgia  "  es- 
caped from  the  Inquisition,  but  he 
had  the  mortification  of  seeing  his 
work  twice  placed  in  the  Index,  in 
1559  and  in  1583."  As  he  died  in 
1572,  this  latter  date  must  be  a  mis- 
print, or  the  sentence  involves  what  is 
called  a  bull.  To  the  last  edition  of 
Miss  Edgeworth's  "  Irish  Bulls,"  is 
appended  a  list  of  foreign  blunders,  and 
the  clause  just  quoted,  if  not  a  mere 
typographical  error,  may  be  added  to 
the  number.* 

6.  The  quotation  of  Mosheim  from 
the  writings  of  S.  Eloi,  which  your  cor- 
respondent censures,  and  not  unjustly, 
as  a  partial  exhibition  of  facts,  had 
already  been  investigated  by  Dr.Coote, 
in  the  edition  of  Mosheim,  which  he 
superintended  in  1826.  "  His  general 
impartiality  we  readily  admit ;  but  he 
did  not,  on  this  occasion,  strictly  at- 
tend to  that  duty."  (Vol.  ii.  160.) 
The  character  of  Mosheim  should  ap- 
parently exculpate  him  from  the 
charge  of  deliberate  misrepresentation, 
but  on  the  most  lenient  view  of  the 
case  he  cannot  be  acquitted  of  failing 

♦  An  Index  of  the  date  of  1583  is  men* 
tioned  at  p.  108* 


1848.] 


SismondL'^Charlea  Butler. 


153 


in  accuracy,  where  a  little  more  in- 
dustry would  have  secured  it.  He 
might  have  mentioned  the  great  stress 
laid  by  S.  Eloi  on  externals  and  for- 
malities, and  yet  have  allowed  the 
moral  requisites  which  occur  in  the 
same  page.  But  substitution  is  a 
worse  offence  than  suppression,  and 
this  is  what  the  editors  of  the  Me- 
moirs of  Louis  XIV.  have  committed, 
in  leaving  out  what  he  had  said  in 
censure  of  the  clergy,  and  in  justifi- 
cation of  the  Protestants,  while  other 
passages,  of  a  contrary  nature,  have 
been  inserted  in  their  room.  Such  is 
the  statement  of  Rulhi^re,  who  had 
access  to  the  MS.  (Scott's  Reforma- 
tion in  France,  p.  51.) 

J.  R.  accuses  "  a  late  Calvinist  his- 
torian "  (M.  Sismondi)  of  "  resorting 
to  a  disreputable  artifice,"  stating, 
from  Mr.  Faber,*  that  this  eminent 
writer,  after  narrating  *'  the  story  of 
Pope  Boniface  the  Eighth's  suicide  as 
if  true,  and  yet  in  a  garbled  way,  puts 
a  reference  to  Muratori  at  the  foot  of 
the  page,  where  Muratori  quotes  the 
story,  and  dismisses  it  with  an  insa- 
num  mendacium,  which  comment  Sis- 
mondi conceals.  Such  is  the  fairness 
(.observes  J.  R.)  of  these  boasted 
writers."  Now  it  is  possible  that  M. 
Sismondi  may  have  committed  an 
oversight,  just  as  he  classes  Penelope 
with  Briseis  and  Andromache,  the 
slaves  of  a  conqueror.  (Hist,  of  Litt. 
iii.  333,  Roscoe's  translation.)  He 
may  have  drawn  an  erroneous  in- 
ference in  the  act  of  quoting,  or  he 
may  have  accepted  Muratori  as  an 
authority  for  the  prevalence  of  the 
story,  without  choosing  to  be  bound 
by  his  opinion  of  it.  But  the  best 
indication  of  Sismondi's  fairness  is  to 
be  found  in  himself;  for  in  his  later 
and  smaller  work  on  Italian  Republics 
(published  in  Lardner's  Cabinet  Cy- 
clopedia), he  passes  over  the  supposed 
suicide  altogether,  and  says,  that 
"Boniface  died  a  few  weeks  after  [his 
arrest]  of  rage  and  humiliation''  (p. 
107),  a  statement  which  agrees  exactly 
with  that  of  Romanist  historians,  for 
instance,  Macquer, — "  il  mourut  de 
chagrin."  (Ad  an.  1303.)     Here  then 

•  Mr.  Frederic  Faber,  not  the  author 
of  Horae  Mosaicse  and  the  Difficulties  of 
Romanism. 

GxifT.  Mao.  Vol,  XX. 


we  see  that  Sismondi  had  reconsidered 
the  point,  and  given  the  mildest  verdict. 
But  as  J.  R.  has  drawn  attention  to 
ooe  false  report,  he  will  allow  me  to 
mention  another.     Constantine  Ponce 
de  Fuente,  almoner  and  preacher  to 
Charles  V.  of  Spain,  was  confined  in 
one  of  the  foulest  dungeons  of  the  In- 
quisition, for  nearly  two  years,  on  a 
charge  of  Lutheranism.     "Constan- 
tine (says  Llorente)  fell  sick,  and  died 
of  a  dysentery ;  it  was  reported,  when 
the  auto  -  da-f^  [of  1 560]  was  celebrated, 
that  he  had  killed  himself  to  avoid  his 
punishment,"  (p.    221 ;  and  see  M^ 
Crie,  Ref.  in  Spain,  p.  266,  for  the 
particulars.)     But  this  disappears  amid 
the  various  mendacities,  to  borrow  a 
word  from  your  Correspondent's  vo- 
cabulary, which  that  tribunal  practised 
on  the  largest  possible  scale.     "  This 
holy  office,  veiled  by  secrecy,  unhesi- 
tatingly kept  back,  falsified,  concealed, 
or  forged,  the  reports  of  trials,  when 
compelled  to  open  their  archives  to 
popes  or  kings."  Such  is  the  assertion 
of  their  secretary  and  historian.  (Pre- 
face,   p.   xvii.)      When   we   consider 
how  easily  innocence  might  be  sacri- 
ficed under  such  a  system,  and  how 
hopeless  it  rendered  even  a    posthu- 
mous reparation  of  character,  acknow- 
ledgment actually  suffocates  for  the 
moment,  while  reading  or  reflecting 
on  it. 

The  omissions  of  Mosheim  and  Sis- 
mondi may  be  paralleled  from  the 
writings  of  the  late  Mr.  Charles  But- 
ler. In  his  Book  of  the  Roman  Catho- 
lic Church  he  gave  a  translation  of 
the  Creed  of  Pope  Pius  IV.  omitting 
the  last  and  most  important  clause. 
He  stopped  at  the  words,  "  to  hold 
and  profess  the  same  whole  and  en- 
tire, with  God's  assistance*  to  the  end 
of  my  life.  Amen."  (Eandem  iute- 
gram  et  inviolatam,  usque  ad  extre- 
mum  vitse  spatium  constantissime, 
Deo  adjuvante,  retinere  et  confiterL) 
But  he  left  out  the  words  which  pro- 
raise  that  the  believer  will  procure, 
as  far  as  in  him  lies,  that  all  who  are 
under  him,  or  of  whom  he  has  the 
charge  by  virtue  of  his  office,  shall 
hold,  teach,  and  preach  the  same." 
(Atque  a  meis  subditis,  vel  illis  quo- 
rum cura  ad  me  in  munere  raeo  spec- 
tabit,  teneri,  doceri,  et  prsedicari, 
quantum  in  me  erit,  curatorumque  eo 

X 


154 


Lett, — Varillas.  ^^Moore, 


[Aiig. 


idem  N.  spondeo,  voveo^  ac  juro.)  The 
work  appeared  in  1825,  when  the 
Emancipation  question  was  on  foot; 
and  such  a  clause  was  a  material  part 
of  the  question,  as  it  involved  that  of 
ascendancy,  the  desire  of  which  the 
Romanists  were  anxious  to  disclaim. 
The  character  of  Mr.  Butler,  as  I  have 
observed  of  Mosheim,  should  appa- 
rently exculpate  him.  One  thing, 
however,  is  clear,  that  if  so  erudite  a 
Romanist  quotes  imperfect  documents, 
his  assertions  may  prove  to  be  rash  in 
other  respects.  When  Blanco  White 
exposed  the  omission  in  the  New 
Times  newspaper  of  April  5,  1825, 
Mr.  Butler  gave  no  explanation  of  its 
origin. 

Concerning  Gregorio  Leti,  I  may 
add,  that  Llorente,  while  he  pro. 
nounces  his  conversations  of  Charles 
V.  with  Carranza  unauthentic,  says, 
"  it  must  be  confessed  that  his  recital 
is  otherwise  very  exact"  (p.  172), 
and  praises  his  historical  judgment, 
on  the  submission  of  Philip  to  Paul  IV. 
in  1557*  "Gregorio  Leti  is  right  in 
attributing  all  the  evils  that  have  since 
arisen  from  the  excessive  authority 
which  the  priests  have  arrogated  over 
laymen,  to  this  conduct  of  Philip  II." 
(p.  185.) 

However,  the  errors  and  defects 
which  occur  in  Leti  have  gained  for 
him  the  appellation  of  the  Italian 
Varillas,  a  name  which  will  be  best 
understood  by  citing  the  admissions  of 
De  Feller  respecting  the  latter  writer, 
of  whose  History  of  Heresies  Dry  den 
had  projected  a  translation. 

**  Quelque  bonne  que  fClt  sa  m^moire, 
il  ^toit  difficile  qa*elle  ne  le  tromp&t  pas 
BOU^ent ;  et  c*est  Ik  une  des  raisoas  qu'on 
peat  rendre  du  nombre  de  fautes  qu'il  a 
faites ;  noms  propres  defigur^s,  faits  evi- 
demment  faux,  chronologie  inexacte.  II 
a  qaelquefois  cit^  des  m^moires  qui  n'ont 
jamais  exists ;  mais  il  est  k  croire  que  sa 
m^moire  sa  trompoit  dans  les  titres.  II 
rapporte  des  anecdotes  qu'on  a  jug^es 
lisusses,  parce  qu'on  ne  les  trouvoit 
Writes  mille  part :  reste  k  savoir  s'il  ne 
les  tenoit  pas  de  bonne  source. '* 

The  Dictionnaire  Historique  (which 
bestows  his  name  on  Leti  in  the 
way  of  comparison)  says, 


**  L'histoire  des  heresies  fut  attaquee 
a  sa  publication  par  Burnet  et  Larroque, 
et  son  aateur  rests  convaincu  de  plagiat  et 
d'inexactitudes.  D^s-lors  Varillas  perdit 
la  reputation  presque  europeenne  qu'il 
s*^tait  acquise  par  son  Hittoire  de  Prance  ^ 
et  ne  trouva  plus  de  libraire  qui  voulut 
se  charger  de  Timpression  de  ses  ouvrages.% 

Few  literary  reputations  have  de- 
clined so  quickly  and  so  decidedly. 

De  Feller,  obliged  as  he  is  to  cen- 
sure Varillas,  apologises  at  every 
step  for  his  faults,  and  the  defective- 
ness of  his  eye-sight  ought  certainly 
to  be  allowed  in  the  account;  but, 
when  he  speaks  of  Leti,  his  language 
is  that  of  unmitigated  censure.  "  Plus 
soigneux  d'^crire  des  faits  extraordi- 
naires,  que  des  choses  vraies,  il  a  rem- 
pli  ses  ouvrages  de  mensonges,  d'inep- 
ties  et  d'inexactitudes."  The  anec- 
dote which  be  relates  of  Leti,  as 
saying,  when  asked  if  all  in  his  life  of 
Sixtus  V.  was  true, — "  Une  chose 
bien  imagin^e  fait  plus  de  plaisir  que  la 
verity  destituee  d'ornemens," — only 
shows  that  he  classed  himself  among 
romance-writers,  and  St.  Real  and 
Vertot  are  no  more.*  But  Sabatier 
allows  Varillas  no  better  character. 
"  La  fureur  de  sacrifire  Tessentiel  tl 
I'accessoire,  le  desir  de  bien  dire,  plu- 
tdt  que  cclni  de  dire  vrai,  lui  ont 
obtenu  le  premier  rang  parmi  les 
historiens  infideles."  To  come  down 
to  writers  of  our  own  time,  as  regards 
credibility  in  history, — Mr.  Keightley, 
after  observing  that  "  it  is  impossible 
to  conceive  any  thing  more  absurd 
than  the  accounts  given  by  the  Irish 
historians  and  antiquaries  of  the  an- 
cient policy  and  civilisation  of  their 
country,"  —  adds,  "  Yet  even  Mr. 
Moore  is  not  ashamed  to  repeat  these 
fables."  (Hist,  df  England,  i.  158. 
note.)  Nor  is  this  an  Englishman's 
jealousy  or  scepticism,  for  Mr.  Keight- 
ley is  an  Irishman. 

Yours,  &C.      C  YD  WELL 


•  Jif  such  was  the  case,  why  have 
Romanist  writers  admitted  the  story  of 
Sixtus  V  ?  It  must  have  come  from  ano- 
ther source,  for  Leti  was  a  Protestant, 
and  it  is  not  on  such  authority  that 
Romanists  decry  their  dignitaries. 


155 


Mbmoir  of  Major-Gen.  Thomas  Dundas,  and  the  ExpEi)itioN  to 
GuADALouPE  IN  1794:  BY  Henby  J.  Bradfielo,  Esq. 


DURING  my  residence  in  Trinidad 
as  a  Crown  Magistrate,  a  Mr.  James 
Ross,  master  mason  of  the  capital  of 
Port  of  Spain,  was  directing  the  re- 
moval of  some  loose  rubbish  and 
stones  from  a  yard  in  Edward  Street, 
when  the    labourers   employed   acci- 


dentally stumbled  on  a  marble  slab, 
which,  on  a  more  minute  inspection, 
turned  out  to  be  a  marble  urn  and 
tablet,  and  on  cleansing  them  from  the 
particles  of  earth  adhering  thereto, 
were  found  to  bear  the  following  in- 
scription : 


i\ 


($0  tht  Mtmnvii  of 

Major-general    THOMAS    DUNDAS, 

who,  with  great  professional  abilities, 

and  with  a  mind   generous  and  brave, 

fell  a  sacrifice  to  his  Zeal  and  Exertion 

in  the  service  of  his  King  and  Country 

on  the  third  day  of  June,  MDCCXCIV. 

in  the  forty-  fourth  Year  of  his  Age. 

His  Remains  were  interred 

in  the  principal  Bastion  of  FORT  MATILDA, 

in  the  Island  of  GUADALOUPE, 

in  the  Conquest  of  which 

he  bore  a  most  distinguished  share, 

and  in  which  he  Commanded  at  his  death. 

This  Tablet  was  Erected 

by  a  few  of  his  Brother  Officers 

as  a  mark  of  their  high  Esteem 

for  his   many  valuable   qualities 

and  their  regret  for  his  Loss. 


ifl?i>.f^' 


'ij?" 


•    rw-*^' 


It  is  worthy  of  remark  that  the  spot 
on  which  this  tablet,  &c.  were  found, 
is  near  to  a  house  once  occupied  by 
an  ordnance  store  Jceeper  of  the  name 
of  Edwards.  Two  broken  screws  of 
brass  were  found  sticking  in  the  holes 
of  the  tablet,  by  which  it  would  ap- 
pear this  memento  had  been  already 
somewhere  suspended  ;  some  pieces  of 
stone  or  wall  were  also  found  adhering 
theretd. 

With   reference  to  the    memorial 


itself,  the  urn  was  found  to  be  in  a 
perfect  state,  while  the  tablet,  it 
would  appear,  had  a  small  piece  de- 
tached from  the  corners  by  accident, 
and  one  of  the  pilasters  is  unfor- 
tunately missing.  It  is,  however, 
hoped  these  trifling  deficiencies  can  be 
without  difficulty  replaced,  and  that 
in  testimony  of  the  services  of  the  gaU 
lant  and  lamented  General  it  will  find 
a  place  in  the  Protestant  Cathedral  of 
Trinidad  or  (what  would  be  more  coa* 


156 


The  recent  Earthquake  at  Guadahupe* 


[Aug. 


sonant  to  the  feelings  of  the  Dundas 
family,  so  memorable  in  the  annals  of 
their  country  for  "  deeds  of  arms,") 
that  this  tributary  relic  to  the  war- 
rior be  brought  over  to  the  mother 
country,  and  find  a  niche  among  the 
other  revered  memorials  of  our  illus* 
triouB  dead,  or  near  the  tombs  of  his 
ancestors. 

With  his  heroic  companions  in 
arms.  General  Dundas  (the  immediate 
subject  of  this  memoir)  sailed  for 
Guadaloupe*  under  the  Commander- 

■  — — -^ 

*  The  Island  of  Guadaloupe  has  lately 
been  the  scene  of  a  terrific  earthquakdi 
by  which  the  whole  island  has  been  laid 
desolate.  The  loss  of  life  has  been  com- 
puted at  about  10,000  souls,  while  the 
property  destroyed  amounts  in  value  to 
about  120  millions  of  francs. 

To  relieve  the  present  wants  of  the  un- 
fortunate inhabitants,  the  French  govern- 
ment have  agreed  to  advance  10  millions 
m  the  shape  of  a  loan,  while  the  nation 
has  contributed  between  two  and  three 
millions  In  the  form  of  subscription.  The 
people  of  the  neighbouring  islands  have 
also  largely  contributed  to  the  assistance 
of  their  unfbrtunate  brethren,  the  little 
hospitable  island  of  Tobago  alone  having 
forwarded  8000  dollars  for  that  purpose. 

To  attempt  a  description  of  the  horrors 
and  devastation  consequent  on  this  awful 
catastrophe  would  be  impossible ;  the 
following  extracts,  however,  from  the  re- 
port of  Messrs.  L*Abbe  Bertin  and  Jobity, 
appointed  to  convey  pecuniary  and  other 
assistance  firom  the  island  of  Trinidad, 
will  afford  Some  idea  of  the  punful  situa- 
tion of  the  unfortunate  inhabitants,  where 
the  rich  and  poor  are  now  commingled  in 
one  mass  of  misery. 

*«Onthe  17th  of  March,  at  8  o'clock  a.m. 
after  a  passage  of  six  days,  we  arrived  in 
sight  of  the  ruins  of  Point  k  Pitre.  {See  the 
Plate.)  It  is  impossible  for  us  to  express 
to  you  the  emotions  we  felt  at  landing  on 
its  deserted  wharfs,  once  so  crowded,  and 
indicatory  of  so  much  opulence.  In  vain 
we  looked  for  a  single  house  or  hut ;  our 
eyes  met  every  where  but  one  vast  heap 
of  ruins,  to  which  the  action  of  fire  had 
given  a  sombre  hue,  resembling  the  ve- 
nerable relics  of  some  city  of  antiquity, 
overthrown  many  centuries  since. 

**  The  first  person  who  presented  him- 
self to  us  was  Mr.  Pakan,  the  harbour 
master,  who  immediately  introduced  us 
to  the  Mayor  and  his  adjoints.  The 
office  temporarily  occupied  by  these  gen- 
tlemen is  a  miserable-looking  building,  of 
which  another  portion  is  occupied  by  the 


in. chief  General  Sir  Charles  Grey  and 
Admiral  Sir  John  Jervis,  all  of  whom 
(because  he  could  not  conquer  in  fair 
fight)  that  democratic  tyrant  and  wor- 


officers  of  the  municipal  government,  and 
the  remainder  contains  the  provisions  and 
other  articles,  which  are  dally  distributed 
to  All  the  inhabitants ;  for  many  who  yes- 
terday were  possessed  of  large  fortunes, 
and  held  the  highest  places  in  society,  are 
now  reduced  to  the  level  of  the  very 
lowest,  with  whom  they  are  obliged  to 
appear  every  day  at  the  place  of  distribu- 
tion, holding  out  their  hands,  each  in  his 
turn,  to  receive  the  daily  allowance  of 
bread,  salt-fish,  rice,  &c.  distributed  to 
them.  The  sight  of  such  misery  was,  in- 
deed, heartrending.  After  a  few  minutes' 
conversation  Mr.  Chamby,  Mayor  of 
Point  ii  Pitre,  whose  name,  immortalised 
by  his  generous  and  disinterested  de- 
votedness,  and  that  true  piety  which 
makes  the  relief  of  human  suffering  its 
chief  object  and  care,  will  always  remain 
connected  with  this  terrible  disaster,  here 
introduced  us  to  Mr.  Jules  Billecoq,  the 
Director  of  the  Interior,  or  Adjoint  Go- 
vernor, who,  in  the  name  of  his  excellency 
the  Governor,  then  absent,  received  us  in 
the  kindest  manner.  The  worthy  Abb6 
Dupuis,  who,  since  the  memorable  8th  of 
Feby.  has  never  ceased  adding  to  the 
zealous,  courageous,  and  charitable  acts 
for  which  so  many  heroes  of  humanity 
have  distinguished  themselves,  gave  us 
shelter  in  his  dilapidated  dwelling,  which 
has  been  from  the  day  of  the  earthquake 
an  open  house,  where  all  are  welcome, 
but  more  particularly  those  in  distress. 
We  met  there  every  day  the  first  men  in 
the  colony,  from  whom  we  learned  many 
particulars  of  the  heart-rending  scenes,  of 
which  their  country  had  just  been  the 
eventful  theatre. 

**  Our  thirty  trunks  of  clothes  were  of 
ina]Ppreciable  benefit  to  those  unfortunate 
people.  We  beheld  many  persons,  not  a 
few  days  ago  enjoying  all  the  luxuries 
which  fortune  could  command,  coming  to 
beg  of  us  a  pair  of  shoes,  or  some  trifling 
article  of  raiment.  After  confiding  to 
the  Mayor  200  doubloons  for  distribution, 
we  distributed  the  remainder  of  the  sum 
confided  to  us  to  sundry  persons  pointed 
out  to  uS,  and  whom  shame  prevented 
from  exposing  their  misfortunes. 

**  It  would  be  in  vain  for  us  to  attempt 
to  describe  the  frightful  misery  in  which 
the  awful  event  of  the  8th  of  February  has 
plunged  the  whole  of  the  unfortunate  in- 
habitants of  Guadaloupe,  for  the  entire 
colony  has  suffered.  Nearly  all  the  mills 
and  sugar  works  are  thrown  down.    In 


1843.] 


Expedition  to  Guadaloupe  in  1794. 


4W 


thy  prototype  of  Robespierre,  Victor 
Hugues,  sought  to  vilify  with  asper- 
sions on  their  fair  fame,  and  who 
seem  to  have  been  the  subject  of  his 
vilest  vituperations. 

At  this  distant  period  of  time  it 
were  idle  and  useless  to  enter  into  a 
defence  of  the  characters  of  those  who 
have  long  since  gone  to  the  graves  of 
their  ancestors,  and  whose  bright 
names  are  immortalised  in  the  annals 
of  their  country!  but,  as  there  are 
parties  now  in  existence  claiming  de- 
scent  and  kindred  with  the  hero  of 
this  memoir,  and  who  are  anxious  to 
obtain  information  as  to  how  and  when 
this  said  "  monument "  or  memento 
could  have  found  its  way  to  Trinidad, 
it  may  not  be  irrelevant  or  uninterest- 
ing to  enter  into  a  short  detail  of 
events  antecedent  and  subsequent  to 
his  lamented  death.    The 

Expedition  to  Guadaloupe 

sailed  April  9th,  1794,  from  the  fiay 
of  Port  Royal,  Martinique,  under  Ad- 
miral   Sir    John    Jervis,   having  the 


the  jouraeys  we  made  into  the  interior  we 
saw  in  many  places  large  tracks  of  land 
which  had  sunk  away  from  the  remaining 
land  around  it  for  many  feet ;  we  beheld 
here  and  there  rents  and  fissures  of  im- 
mense depth,  and  from  eight  to  ten  inches 
in  width  ;  we  saw  also  whole  sides  of  hills 
from  whence  the  upper  strata  of  the  earth, 
and  all  the  vegetable  productions  thereon, 
had  fallen  away  ;  the  land  which  has  thus 
slipped  off  from  the  sides  of  the  moun- 
tains is  estimated  at  1000  quarrees  or 
2500  acres.  Nearly  all  the  wells  and 
rivers  throughout  the  country  had  dried 
up.  As  to  the  crop,  it  is  impossible  that 
even  a  third  can  be  taken  off — but  th§ 
disasters  of  Point  k  Pitre  still  absorb  the 
greatest  share  of  public  attention.  Of 
these,  imaginations  the  most  fertile  can- 
not form  a  correct  idea,  the  pen  the  most 
habituated  to  description  cannot  trace  a 
tithe  of  the  reality.  From  the  appearance 
of  the  ruins  a  stranger  would  be  incUned 
to  compute  the  victims  at  one  moiety  of 
the  population.  Up  to  the  present  date, 
however,  (March  17th)  the  ascertained 
deaths  amount  only  to  5000  ;  but  each  day, 
in  digging  among  the  ruins,  numbers  of 
corpses,  charred  by  the  subsequent  fire, 
are  loand.  It  would  be  difficult  indeed 
to  fix  the  time  or  calculate  the  expense  at 
which  the  town  might  be  rebuilt,  and 
equally  difficult  to  ascertain  the  total  pe- 
cuniary losf  by  the  catastrophe." 


Commander-in-chief  on  board  ;  it  con- 
sisted of 

The  Boyne,  The  Ceres, 

The  Irresistible,  The  Blanche, 

The  Veteran,  The  Rose, 

The  Winchelsea,  The  Woolwich, 

The  Solebay,  The  Experiment,  & 

The  Quebec,  The  Roebuck, 

accompanied  by  transports  with  troops, 
the  ordnance  and  hospital  ships,  and 
victuallers. 

The  Admiral  detached  Captain 
Rogers  in  the  Quebec  frigate.  Captain 
Faulkner  in  the  Blanche,  Captain  In- 
cledon  in  the  Ceres,  and  Captain  Scott 
in  the  Rose,  to  attack  a  cluster  of 
small  islands  called  the  Saints,  be- 
tween Dominique  and  Guadaloupe, 
and  which  were  carried  in  gallant 
style  on  the  10th. 

About  one  o'clock  on  the  morning 
of  the  1 1th  the  General  landed  the  1st 
and  2nd  battalion  of  grenadiers,  and  a 
company  of  the  43rd,  together  with 
50  marines  and  400  seamen,  detached 
by  the  Admiral  under  the  command  of 
Captain  George  Grey  of  the  Boyne. 
The  French  opened  a  severe  fire  upon 
them  from  the  fort  "  Fleur  d'Epee," 
and  a  three-gun  battery,  which  latter 
was,  however,  effectually  silenced  by 
Lord  Garlies  in  the  Winchelsea,  who 
bravely  laid  his  ship  within  half  musket 
shot ;  the  men  were  driven  from  their 
guns,  and,  although  every  shot  from 
the  battery  hit  some  part  of  his  ship, 
his  Lordship  was  the  only  man 
wounded. 

More  troops  having  landed,  and  Sir 
Charles  Grey  perceiving  the  French  in 
considerable  force  at  the  strong  post 
of  Fort  Fleur  d'Ep^e,  he  resolved  on 
attacking  them  immediately.  The  1st 
division,  commanded  by  H.R.H.  Prince 
Edward,  consisted  of  1st  and  2nd  bat- 
talions of  grenadiers  and  100  men  of 
the  naval  battalion  to  attack  the  post 
of  Morne  Mascot.  The  2nd  division, 
commanded  by  Major- Greneral Thomas 
Dundas,  consisted  of  1st  and  2nd  bat- 
talion of  light  infantry  and  100  men  of 
the  naval  battalion,  to  attack  the  Fort 
of  "  Fleur  d'Ep^e  "  in  the  rear,  and  cut 
off  its  communication  with  Fort  Louis 
and  Point  k  Pitre.  The  3rd  division, 
commanded  by  Colonel  Symes,  con- 
sisted of  3rd  battalion  of  grenadiers, 
3rd  battalion  of  light  infantry,  and  re- 
mainder of  the  naval   battalions,  to 


^58 


Expedilion  to  Guadaloupe  in  1794. 


tAiig. 


proceed  on  the  road  by  the  sea  side, 
and  co-operate  with  Major-General 
Dundas. 

In  the  attack  the  soldiers  were  di- 
rected not  to  fire,  but  to  trust  solely 
to  the  bayonet,  while  the  seamen, 
commanded  by  Captains  Nugent  and 
Faulkner,  were  directed  to  use  their 
pikes  and  swords  ;  which  orders  were 
strictly  obeyed. 

The  march  began  at  5  o'clock  on 
the  morning  of  the  12th,  and  such 
was  the  simultaneousness  of  the  ma- 
noeuvres and  impetuosity  of  the 
attack  that  Fort  Fleur  d'Epee,  Hog 
Island,  and  Fort  Louis  were  captured 
with  the  trifling  loss  of  54  English 
killed  and  wounded,  while  the  loss  of 
the  French  amounted  to  250. 

In  this  attack  the  conduct  of  a  brave 
seaman  of  the  Boyne  was  remarkable. 
Having  expressed  a  wish  he  might 
have  an  opportunity  of  lowering  the 
French  flag  and  hoisting  the  British, 
and  being  a  remarkably  fine  fellow,  he 
was  appointed  to  carry  the  union  flag 
for  that  purpose ;  accordingly  it  was 
wrapped  in  folds  around  him,  and  he 
was  to  defend  it  as  well  as  he  could. 
When  he  approached  the  fort  the  first 
object  which  attracted  his  notice  was 
the  flag  staff,  and,  regardless  of  every 
danger,  he  rushed  forward  pike  in 
hand,  and  having  once  got  into  the 
fort  away  he  ran  to  the  desired  spot, 
'*  the  height  of  his  ambition  ;"  he  had 
already  struck  the  tri- coloured  flag, 
and  was  in  the  act  of  disengaging 
himself  from  the  wrapper  in  order  to 
Iioist  the  British  ensign  in  its  stead, 
when  some  soldiers  coming  suddenly 
round  the  corner  of  a  building,  and 
taking  him  for  one  of  the  enemy,  in 
an  instant  attacked  him,  and  he  fell 
severely  wounded  before  they  dis- 
covered their  mistake  ;  he,  however, 
afterwards  recovered. 

Captain  Faulkner,  who  so  eminently 
distinguished  himself  in  the  capture  of 
Fort  Louis  at  Martinique,  also  had 
a  narrow  escape  on  this  occasion. 
Having  led  his  men  on  to  the  assault 
with  his  usual  gallantry,  he  was  en- 
countered by  a  French  officer,  whom 
he  instantly  struck  at  with  his  sword, 
which  falling  on  the  epaulette  on  his 
shoulder  did  not  penetrate ;  the  French- 
man closed  with  him,  and,  being  the 
stronger  man,  threw  him  to  the 
ground,  and  wresting  the  sword  from 


his  hand,  was  in  the  act  of  plunging 
it  through  his  body,  when,  fortunately, 
a  seaman  belonging  to  the  Boyne, 
seeing  the  danger  his  gallant  leader 
was  in,  with  his  pike  pinned  the 
Captain's  adversary  to  the  earth. 

On  the  13tb,  the  43d  regiment  were 
landed  to  garrison  Fort  Prince  of 
Wales  (lately  "  Fleur  d'Epee")  the 
tower  of  Point  k  Pitre,  (the  capital  of 
that  part  of  Guadaloupe,  called  Grand 
Terre,)  and  the  other  fortified  posts  in 
the  vicinity. 

On  the  14th,  at  twelve  o'clock,  the 
fleet  sailed  for  the  other  side  of  the 
Bay,  and  in  the  afternoon  landed  the 
grenadiers  and  light  infantry  under 
Prince  Edward,  at  a  village  called 
Petit- Bourg,  where  many  of  the  prin- 
cipal people  of  the  Island  were  as- 
sembled, and  received  H.  R.  H.  and 
the  Commander-in-Chief,  with  the 
greatest  demonstrations  of  joy.  Aparty 
of  sailors  from  the  Quebec  also  landed 
under  the  command  of  Captain  Rogers. 

On  the  following  morning  the  Ge- 
neral landed  at  St.  Mary's,  where  he 
found  Colonel  Coote  with  the  1st  bat- 
talion of  light  infantry. 

On  the  18th,  at  daybreak,  the  Ge- 
neral stormed  the  battery  of  D'Anet, 
every  man  being  either  killed,  wounded, 
or  taken,  while  not  one  man  was  even 
hurt  on  the  part  of  the  British. 

On  the  night  of  the  17th  the  enemy, 
in  the  town  of  Basse  Terre,  set  fire  to 
it,  destroying  much  valuable  property, 
and. 

At  one  o'clock  on  the  morning  of 
the  20th,  the  Commander-in-Chief, 
at  the  head  of  his  troops,  advanced  to 
attack  a  formidable  chain  of  batteries 
on  the  heights  of  "  Palmiste,"  extend- 
ing about  a  league,  and  which  were 
the  principal  defences  of  the  enemy. 
The  grenadiers  were  commanded  by 
Prince  Edward ;  the  light  infantry  by 
Colonel  Coote.  At  five  in  the  morn- 
ing the  attack  commenced  by  the  light 
infantry  advancing  to  the  assault  of 
the  highest  and  most  formidable  bat- 
tery, which,  though  well  defended  by 
nature  and  art,  was  soon  obliged  to 
yield  to  the  superior  activity  and 
bravery  of  our  troops,  who,  with  their 
bayonets,  forced  the  works,  killing 
thirty  of  the  enemy. 

These  with  other  strongly  fortified 
posts  being  taken,  the  Governor, 
Monsieur  Collot,  sent  a  flag  of  truce 


184S.] 


Expedition  to  Guadaloupe  in  1  !^94« 


159- 


to  Sir  Charles  Grey,  offering  to  give 
up  Guadaloupe  and  its  dependencies, 
on  the  same  terms  which  had  been 
granted  to  Generals  Rochambeau  at 
Martinique,  and  Ricard  at  St.  Lucia, 
the  garrison  to  march  out  with  the 
honours  of  war;  and,  accordingly, 
the  light  infantry  being  left  in  the  bat- 
teries on  the  "Palmiste,"  the  re- 
mainder of  the  troops  marched  down, 
and  took  possession  of  the  gates  of 
both  tower  and  fort,  that  night. 

The  following  are  the  articles  of  ca- 
pitulation : 

"  The  Commauders-in-Cbief  of  His 
Britannic  Majesty's  Forces  are  induced 
to  grant  to  the  long  services  of  Major 
General  CoUot,  and  to  the  great  huma- 
nity with  which  he  has  treated  the  pri- 
soners under  his  care,  the  honour  of 
marching  out  of  Fort  St.  Cliarles  at  the 
head  of  his  garrison ;  which  shall  in 
erery  respect  be  subject  to,  and  treated  in 
the  same  manner,  as  that  of  Fort  Bour- 
bon :  to  wit — to  lay  down  their  arms  as 
prisoners,  and  not  to  serve  against  His 
Britannic  Majesty  during  the  present 
war,  nor  against  his  allies. 

*'  The  post  of  Houelmont  to  be  imme- 
diately withdrawn,  and  the  troops  there 
to  retire  into  Fort  St.  Charles.  The  said 
post  is  to  be  delivered  up  to  the  British 
troops,  exactly  in  the  state  in  which  it  is, 
as  well  as  Fort  St.  Charles,  and  all  other 
military  posts  in  the  Island.  The  garrison 
of  Fort  Charles  to  march  out  of  that  for- 
tress on  the  22nd  of  this  month  at  eight 
in  the  morning. 

**  The  British  troops  are  to  take  posses- 
sion of  the  gates  of  Fort  St.  Charles  to- 
night. 

"  Marie  Galanta,  Desirada,  and  all  the 
dependencies  of  this  Government  are  to 
be  included  in  the  present  capitulation. 

**  Given  at  Guadaloupe,  April  20, 1794, 
by  their  Excellencies, 

Charles  Grey, 
G.  Fisher, 
Geo.  Purvis, 

V.    COLLOT, 

J.  Jervis." 

At  night,  a  design  of  the  garrison  to 
rise  on  our  people,  and  murder  them,  was 
happily  made  known  to  General  Dun- 
das,  who  instantly  rode  down  to  the 
fort  and  took  the  necessary  precau- 
tions to  prevent  the  completion  of 
this  infamous  plot. 

On  the  22nd  instant,  at  eight  in  the 
morning,  the  French  garrison  marched 
Qut  of  Fort  St.  Charles,  of  which 
Prince  Edward  took  possession  with 


the  grenadiers  and  light  infantry  ;  the 
French  tri-colour  was  struck,  and  the 
British  colours  hoisted  in  its  stead, 
while  the  name  of  the  Fort  was 
changed  to  that  of  Fort  Matilda, 

Thus,  in  the  short  space  of  eleven 
days,  this  strongly  fortified  Island  of 
Guadaloupe  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
British.  From  the  returns  found 
among  the  papers  of  General  Collot — 
the  number  of  men,  at  that  time,  ca- 
pable of  bearing  arms,  amounted  to 
5785,  while  the  number  of  fire-arms 
actually  delivered  out  to  them  amount- 
ed to  4044,  while  this  force  was  inde- 
pendent of  the  14th  regiment  of  the 
line  from  France. 

On  the  26th  Prince  Edward  and  hi» 
suite  embarked  on  board  the  Blanche 
frigate,  Capt.  Faulkner,  for  North 
America,  his  regiment  the  Royal  Fu- 
sileers  being  stationed  at  Quebec.  The 
spirit  and  enterprise  of  H.  R.  H.  on 
this  expedition,  with  his  strict  atten- 
tion to  discipline,  merited  the  highest 
applause,  and  deservedly  gained  him 
the  respect  and  esteem  of  all  who 
served  under  him* 

Having  visited  all  the  Islands  in  this 
quarter,  and  inspected  the  strong 
posts  and  fortifications  in  company 
with  the  admiral,  in  the  beginning  of 
June,  after  taking  formal  leave  of  the 
army  in  general  orders,  the  Com- 
mander-in  Chief  sailed  for  Europe. 

We  pow  come  to  that  part  of  the 
memoir  which  treats  of  the  recapture 
of  the  Island  by  the  French,  Many 
calumnies,  propagated  by  avarice  and 
falsehood,  and  exaggerated  by  igno- 
rance and  malice,  were  raised,  to  fix 
a  stigma  on  the  characters  of  two 
commanders,  whose  integrity  of  heart 
and  openness  of  conduct  were  as 
demonstrable  as  their  intrepidity  and 
bravery  were  acknowledged. 

It  has  always  been  understood  that 
property  found  in  any  place  taken 
by  assault  or  storm  became  the  legal 
prize  or  booty  of  the  captors ;  con- 
sequently, the  commanders-in-chief 
found  no  hesitation  or  difficulty  in 
considering  the  produce,  merchandize. 


*  The  illustrious  Prince  who  is  the 
subject  of  this  just  and  impartial  eulo- 
gium  was  his  late  R.  H.  the  Duke  of 
Kent,  and  father  to  her  present  Majesty 
Queen  Victoria. 


160 


Recapture  of  Guadaloupe  by  the  French. 


[Aug. 


&c.  afloat  and  on  shore,  at  St.  Pierre 
and  Port  Royal,  Martinique,  (both 
which  places  were  literally  so  taken,) 
as  justly  liable  to  forfeit  and  confisca- 
tion. 

About  this  period,  many  of  the  West 
India  traders  bad  carried  on  an  illicit 
traffic  to  the  French  Islands  before  they 
were  captured  ;  and,  in  consequence  of 
it,  had  at  the  time  of  the  capture  im- 
mense sums  still  due  to  them.  Appre- 
hending therefore  the  payment  of  the 
contribution  (in  lieu  of  confiscation,) 
might  retard  or  even  endanger  the 
discharge  of  their  own  debts,  they 
joined  heartily  in  every  scheme  for 
defeating  this  just  and  prior  claim. 
They  encouraged  the  French  in  their 
opposition,  they  misrepresented  the  facts 
to  England,  they  attempted  to  blight 
the  laurels  of  the  commanders,  and 
became  clamorous  against  the  cruelty 
of  plunder,  and  illegality  and  impolicy 
of  confiscation,  in  order  that  they 
might  enjoy  the  reward  of  their  own 
treason,* 

While  this  plot  was  secretly  carry- 
ing on,  and  a  heavy  storm  brooding 
over  their  heads  in  Martinique,  the 
general  and  the  admiral  were  proceed- 
ing in  their  expeditions,  little  sus- 
picious, till  the  despatches  from 
England  discovered  the  success  with 
which  the  artful  stories  of  this  party 
had  been  attended  ;  and  thus  was  the 
unparalleled  good  order  and  discipline, 
with  which  the  army  and  navy  had 
abstained  from  plundering,  rewarded. f 

The  capture  of  Guadaloupe  being 
oow  added  to  our  previous  conquests, 
the  army  (originally  too  small)  was- 

*  Admiral  Rodney  used  to  say  of  these 
people,  that  **  they  were  smugglers  in 
peacei  and  traitors  in  war,"  an  opinion 
confirmed  by  repeated  experience. 

f  During  the  time  Fort  Bourbonf  Mar- 
tiniquei  was  besieged,  the  British  sent  a 
summons  to  the  town  of  St.  Pierre,  when 
the  general's  aide-de-camp,  bearing  the 
flag  of  truce,  was  grossly  insulted.  About 
a  fortnight  after,  the  place  was  taken  by 
storm,  without  any  capitulation,  conse- 
quently subject  to  plunder*  by  the  laws  of 
war;  but  so  far  from  any  irregularity 
being  suffered,  a  drummer  was  hung,  by 
order  of  General  Dundas,  for  attempting 
it,  and  such  quiet  behaviour  and  exact 
discipline  was  maintained  by  the  troops, 
that  the  shops  were  opened  tlie  day  after 
the  capture. 

(i 


divided  into  three  parts,  to  garrison 
the  conquered  places;  and  by  that 
dreadful  scourge,  the  yellow  fever, 
which  now  began  its  ravages,  together 
with  the  loss  sustained  in  the  several 
actions  in  the  campaign,  not  one  of 
the  islands,  nor  indeed  a  single  post  on 
each,  could  be  called  properly  de- 
fended, in  case  the  French  should  send 
an  armament  to  the  West  Indies ; 
while  if,  as  soon  as  the  news  of  the 
capture  of  the  first  island  had  reached 
England,  a  strong  reinforcement  had 
been  sent  out,  and  repeated  on  the 
conquest  of  each  succeeding  place  ; 
the  small  body  of  the  enemy  (who 
made  their  attack  on  Guadaloupe,  and 
^tole  in  at  the  moment  when  the 
gallant  governor  General  Dundas  was 
breathing  his  last,  and  where  every 
post  was  reduced  to  extremity  by  sick- 
ness,) would  with  ease  have  been  re- 
pelled, and  perhaps  their  whole  party 
taken. 

Recapture  qf  the  Island  by  the  French, 

On  the  evening  of  the  3rd  of  June, 
the  lamented  governor  of  Guadaloupe, 
General  Thomas  Dundas,  died  from 
yellow  fever,  after  only  three  days'  ill- 
ness. By  his  death,  the  West  Indian 
army  suffered  an  irreparable  loss,  and 
the  service  one  of  its  brightest  orna- 
ments ;  amiable  both  in  his  public  and 
private  life,  brave  and  generous,  pos- 
sessed of  that  true  courage  which 
never  exceeds  the  bounds  of  humanity, 
he  justly  gained  the  love  of  the  army, 
and  fell  lamented  by  all  who  knew 
him.* 

On  the  following  day,  he  was  interred 
with  military  honours,  on  one  of  the  high- 
est  batteries  of  Fort  Matilda,  [vide  Plate] 
which  from  that  circumstance  was 
called  Dundas's  battery,  and  "  a  stone 
with  a  suitable  inscription  was  placed 
over  his  remains,"  and  the  command 
of  the  fort  devolved  on  Lieut.-Colonel 
Blundell,  44th  Regiment. 

{To  be  continued.) 

*^  In  a  letter  to  Mr.  Dundas  received  at 
the  Horse  Guards,  Aug.  12,  1994,  from 
Sir  Charles  Grey,  (dated  Guadaloupe 
June  11,  1794,)  is  the  following  passage  : 

**  In  him  His  Majesty  and  the  country 
lost  one  of  their  bravest  and  best  officers, 
and  a  most  worthy  man.  I  too  feel  se- 
verely the  loss  of  so  able  an  assistant  on 
this  arduous  service,  and  a  valuable  friend 
ever  to  be  Umented." 


161 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


The  Personal  History  of  George  the 
Fourth,   ^c.       By   Rev,  S.    Croly, 
LL.D.  2  vols,  2nd  edition, 
AS  this  work  has  reached  a  second 
edition,  it  is  quite  unnecessary  for  us 
to  enter  into  any  examination  of  its 
merits,  which  appear  to  be  allowed  by 
its  success.     It  is  written  throughout 
with   great   animation  and  elegance, 
and  contains  many  light  and  pleasing 
sketches   of  the  characters   of  those 
men  whose  great  qualities  of  mind  and 
heart  made  those  days  illustrious  in 
England's  annals.      In  some  few  of 
the  estimates  he  has   formed  of  the 
persons  connected  with  the  times  of 
George  the  Fourth,  we  may  differ  from 
the  biographer.     We  think  he  might 
have  said  nfDre  of  Markham's  scholar- 
ship— we  are  sure  that  his  opinion  of 
Hurd  is  far  too  low— and  we  could 
have  given  him  information  on  Cyril 
Jackson  which  would  have  raised  that 
very  remarkable  person  much  higher 
in  his  opinion.     But  these  are  but  the 
lesser  stars  of  glory;  and  we  leave  them 
for  the  still  more  illustrious  names  of 
Pitt  and  Fox  and  Burke,   of  Thurlow 
and  Sheridan  and  Canning,  of  Grat- 
tan   and    Flood    and   Curran,   all   of 
whom  appear  in  the  historic  narrative 
in  their  various  degrees  of  celebrity, 
and  who  are  characterised  always  with 
force  and  freedom  of  style,  and  often 
with  precision,  in  Dr.  Croly's  narra- 
tive.     We  find    room    for  a  speci- 
men or  two,  which  will  exhibit  both 
the  author's  manner  of  writing  and 
the  success  of  his  portraiture. 
Fox  (p.  108)  : 

**  With  Fox  all  was  on  the  bright  side 
of  the  picture.  His  extraordinary  powers 
defied  dissipatioa.  No  public  man  of 
England  ever  mingled  so  much  personal 
pursuit  of  every  thing  in  the  form  of  in- 
dulgence with  so  much  parliamentary  ac- 
tivity. From  the  dinner  he  went  to  the 
debate,  from  the  debate  to  the  gaming 
table,  and  retired  to  his  bed  by  daylight, 
freighted  with  parliamentary  applause, 
plundered  of  his  last  despicable  guinea, 
and  fevered  with  sleeplessness  and  agita- 

GjftiYT.  Maq.  Vol,  XX. 


tion,  to  go  through  the  same  round  within 
the  next  twenty-four  hours.     He  kept  no 
house,  but  he  had  the  houses  of  all  the 
party  at  his  disposal,  and  that  party  was 
the  most  opulent  and  sumptuous  of  the 
nobUity.    Cato  and  Antony  were  not  more 
unlike  than  the  public  severity  of  Pitt 
and  the  native  and  splendid  dissoluteness 
of  Fox.  ♦  »  *  *  *     Fox's  life  is  a  me- 
morable  lesson  to  the  pride  of  talents. 
With  every  kind  of  public  ability,  every 
kind  of  public  opportunity,  and  an  un- 
ceasing  and  indefatigable  determination 
to   reach  the  summit  in  all  things,  his 
whole  life  was  a  succession  of  disappoint- 
ments.    It  has  been  said  that  on  com- 
mencing his  parUamentary  course,  he  de- 
clared that  there  were  three  objects  of  his 
ambition,  and  that  he  would  attain  them 
all :  that  he  should  be  the  most  popular 
man  in  England, — the  husband  of  the 
handsomest  woman -^  and  prime  minister ! 
He  did  attain  them  all — but  in  what  di- 
minished and  illusionary  degree?     How 
the  juggling  fiend  kept  the  promise  to  the 
ear,  and  broke  it  to  the  hope,  is  long  since 
known.     He  was  the  most  popular  man 
in  England,  if  the  Westminster  electors 
were  the  nation  ;  his  marriage  secured  him 
beauty,  if  it  secured  him  nothing  else ; 
and  his  premiership  lasted  long  enough 
for  him  to  appear  at  the  levee.     In  a  life 
of  fifty-six  years,  Fox's  whole  existence 
as  a  cabinet  minister  was  but  nineteen 
months  ;  while  Pitt,  ten  years  his  junior, 
and  dying  at  forty- seven,  passed  almost 
his  whole  life,  from  his  entrance  into  par- 
liament, at  the  head  of  the  country.  *  * 
Fox  was  more  celebrated  for  fulness  of 
conversation,  for  the  outpouring  of  an 
abundant  mind,   than  for    piquancy    of 
phrase.     His  animation  was  unequal,  and 
there  were  periods  when  a  stranger  might 
have  pronounced  him  even  taciturn ;  but 
these  times  were  generally  brief,  a  sudden 
influx  of  ideas  would  seem  to  fertilize  his 
mind,  and  he  then  overbore  every  thing 
by  the  richness  and  variety  of  his  concep« 
tions.     Yet  the  chief  remembrances  of 
Fox,  in  private  society,  are  some  little 
poems,  thrown  off  with  the  carelessness 
of  the  moment,  and  derivingtheir  princi- 
pal value  from  his  name.    The  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  once  applied  to  him  for  a 
charade.     On  what  subject?   said  Fox.. 
The  happiest  of  all  gubjecta— myself,  wai 

Y 


162 


Review. — Croly's  Personal  History  of  George  IV.        [Aug. 


the  laughing  reply.  Fox  took  his  pencil, 
and  on  the  back  of  a  letter  wrote  the  fol- 
lowing lines,  so  often  since  made  the 
property  of  wits  and  loTers  in  distress : 

My  first  is  myself,  in  a  very  short  word, 
My  second  ^s  a  plaything, 
And  you  are  my  third. 

IDOL. 

"  His  lines  on  the  Rose  are  pretty  and 
pathetic. 

The  rose,  the  sweetly  blooming  rose, 

Ere  from  the  tree  'tis  torn, 
Is  like  the  charm  which  beauty  shews 

In  life's  exulting  morn. 

But  ah  I  how  soon  its  sweets  are  gone, 
■  The  rosebud  withering  lies ; 
So,  long  ere  life's  pale  eve  comes  on. 
The  flower  of  beauty  dies. 

But,  since  the  fairest  Heaven  e'er  made 
Soon  withering  we  shall  find. 

Be  thine,  sweet  girl,  what  ne'er  shall  fade, 
The  beauties  of  the  mind. 

"  The  well-known  lines  on  Poverty,  and 
on  Mrs.  Crewe,  are  of  a  higher  order. 
But  all  these  things  are  trifles  which 
might  be  produced  by  any  pen,  and  which 
can  be  given  only  as  instances  of  the  oc- 
casional lightness  of  a  great  and  powerful 
mind.  Fox's  triumphs  are  all  parlia- 
mentary. But  his  conversation  when  he 
was  *  i*  the  vein,'  is  always  spoken  of  as 
leaving  us  only  to  regret  that  so  little  of 
it  is  recoverable.  One  evening,  at  De- 
vonshire House,  some  remark  happening 
to  be  made  on  the  skill  of  the  French  in 
emblems,  the  duchess  playfully  said,  *  that 
it  would  be  impossible  to  find  an  emblem 
for  her.'  Several  attempts  were  made 
with  various  success,  liie  duchess  still 
declared  herself  dissatisfied.  At  length 
Fox  took  up  a  cluster  of  grapes  and  pre- 
sented it  to  her,  with  the  motto,  '  Je  plais 
jusqu'a  livresse ; '  his  superiority  was  ac- 
knowledged  by  acclamation.  Burke  was 
contending,  in  his  usual  authoritative 
manner,  for  the  possibility  of  raising 
Italy  to  her  former  rank,  and  instanced 
that  several  nations  which  had  sunk  under 
the  sword  had  risen  again.  Fox  argued, 
that  her  ruin  was  irretrievable,  and  that 
the  very  tardiness  and  tranquillity  of  her 
decay  made  restoration  hopeless.  *  The 
man  (said  he)  who  breaks  his  bones  by 
being  flung  from  a  precipice  may  have 
been  mended  by  his  surgeon,  but  what 
hope  is  there  when  they  have  dissolved 
away  in  the  grave  ?  "  &c. 

Such  anecdotes  of  ordinary  persons 
would  be  amusing,  but  when  con- 
nected with  names  like  those  of  the 


illustrious  statesmen  named,  they  com- 
mand doable  interest  and  attention. 
We  shall  give  as  sl  pendant  to  the  above, 
a  page  or  two  on  another  man,  though 
much  unlike  the  former,  of  splendid 
genius  and  most  eccentric  mind,  we 
mean  Erskine,  and  then  we  must  re- 
luctantly close  our  quotations,  but  re- 
commend the  reader  to  a  work  in 
which  he  will  find  much  to  enter- 
tain and  instruct  him ;  and  we  are 
doubly  sorry  that  we  cannot  extract 
the  remarks  which  Dr.  Croly  has 
made  on  the  subject  of  R^orm:  re- 
marks based  on  the  most  undeniable 
and  the  most  neglected  truths,  and 
which  we  are  grateful  to  Dr.  Croly 
for  having  brought  forward  and  en- 
forced; having  ourselves  been  long 
convinced  that  the  errors,  the  disap- 
pointments, the  misfortunes,  the  want 
of  success,  in  the  important  measures 
of  later  days,  have  been  owing  to  this, 
the  main  material  being  deficient  in 
the  political  edifice.  Yet  it  was  not 
unseen  by  an  acute  statesman  of  the 
last  age.  "  The  shopkeepers  (said 
Mr.  Wyndham)  are  calling  out  for 
Reform — let  them  first  reform  them- 
selves." But  to  return  to  our  biogra- 
phical memoir. 

**  Erskine,  like  many  other  characters 
of  peculiar  liveliness,  had  a  morbid  sensi- 
bility to  the  circumstances  of  the  moment, 
which  sometimes  strongly  repelled  his 
presence  of  mind.  Any  appearance  of 
neglect  in  his  audience,  a  cough,  a  yawn, 
a  whisper,  even  among  the  mixed  multi- 
tudes of  the  courts,  and  strong  as  he  was 
there,  has  been  known  to  dishearten  him 
visibly.  This  trait  was  even  so  notorious, 
that  a  solicitor,  whose  only  merit  was  a 
remarkably  vacant  face,  was  said  to  have 
been  often  planted  opposite  to  Erskine  by 
the  adverse  party,  to  yawn  when  the 
advocate  begun.  The  cause  of  his  first 
failure  in  the  House,  was  not  unlike  this 
curious  mode  of  disconcerting  an  orator. 
He  had  been  brought  forward  to  support 
the  falling  fortunes  of  Fox,  then  strug- 
gling under  the  weight  of  the  Coalition. 
The  *  India  Bill'  had  heaped  the  king's 
almost  open  hostility  on  the  accumulation 
of  public  wratli  and  grievance  which  the 
ministers  had,  with  such  luckless  in- 
dustry, been  employed  during  the  year 
in  raising  for  their  own  ruin.  Fox  looked 
abroad  for  help ;  Gardner  the  member 
for  Portsmouth  was  displaced  from  his 
borough,  and  Erskine  was  brought  into 
the  House  with  no  slight  triumph  of  his 


164 


Review. — Gresley's  Bernard  Leslie. 


[Aug. 


among  the  British  remains;  and  that 
scarcely  had  the  Romans  finally  departed , 
ere  the  kingdoms  with  British  names,  go- 
remed  by  princes  also  having  British 
names,  and  who  appealed  to  codes  of  an- 
cient British  laws,  arose,  and  an  energetic, 
imaginative,  but  uncivili2ed  people  held 
possession  of  the  land,  until  a  rude  but 
more  energetic  race  chased  them  away.'' 

P.  187.  On  the  Norman  Conquest, 
the  foliowing  just  observation  is 
made : — 

"Whatever  were  the  popular  rights, 
whatever  were  the  rights  conceded  to  wo- 
men by  Saxon  jurisprudence,  and  they 
were  important,  the  turbulence,  the  law- 
lessness, of  this  latter  period  rendered 
them  well  nigb  nugatory.  The  right  of 
the  strong  hand  was  the  only  law  recog- 
nised by  the  Leofrics,  the  Algars,  the 
Godwins  of  that  day,  and  as  vainly  might 
the  wife  and  mother  of  kings,  as  the  poor 
tiller  of  the  ground,  demand  justice  or 
seek  redress  from  those  whose  will  was 
the  whole  law.  Oppressive  and  cruel 
were  the  results  of  the  Norman  conquest, 
that  just  retribution,  as  the  Norman 
chroniclers  believed  it,  on  England  for 
the  cruel  massacre  of  the  peaceful  Danes  ; 
still,  at  the  distance  of  about  eight  cen- 
turies, that  conquest  may  be  viewed  as  a 
severe  but  necessary  remedy.  To  the 
land,  after  a  period  of  fierce  struggle,  it 
brought  rest  and  civilization.  Its  effect 
on  the  condition  of  women  we  shall  trace 
in  the  next  chapter.*' 

P.  220.  **  Well  nigh  crushed  down  by 
Norman  power,  Saxon  energy  at  length 
aroused  itself  after  a  slumber  of  centuries, 
and  now  prepared  to  break  the  bonds 
which  a  more  powerful  foeman  had  im- 
posed. A  less  energetic  race  would 
have  slumbered  on  in  hopeless  bondage 
even  as  the  natives  of  India  have  slum- 
bered on  through  each  successive  con- 
quest ;  but  the  spirit  that  aroused  Hen- 
gist  with  his  handful  of  men  to  main- 
tain a  permanent  settlement  in  England, 
that  compelled  Cerdic  year  after  year,  and 
battle  after  battle,  to  hold  on  until  his 
conquest  over  the  united  British  chieftains 
was  achieved,  still  dwelt  in  the  breast  of 
the  rude  but  degraded  Saxon.  And  thus 
Norman  luxury  and  refinement  awakened 
Saxon  improvement ;  Norman  scholar- 
ship aroused  Saxon  intellect ;  and  Norman 
prowess  stimulated  Saxon  valour.  The 
mere  rivalship,  began  under  the  pressure 
of  scorn  and  insult,  gradually  became  a 
generous  and  ennobling  feeling,  and  the 
Saxon  held  on  in  the  career  so  reluctantly 
opened  at  first  to  him,  until  the  Norman 
powery  the  Norman  language,  even  the 


Norman  name,  became  merged  in  the 
power,  the  language,  and  the  prouder 
name  of  England.'' 

The  entire  chapter  (vii.)  on  the  con- 
vent-life is  very  well  composed,  and 
presents  a  very  agreeable  picture  of 
the  life  which  maiden  meditation  so 
loved  to  lead.  The  tables  in  the  re- 
fectory seem  to  have  been  well  served, 
and  the  figs,  raisins,  almonds,  and  rice 
which  the  nuns  claimed  during  Lent, 
was  a  very  lady-like  fare.  And  it  ap- 
pears that  through  the  postern- doors, 
while  the  aged  females  were  taking 
their  meridian  or  noon  tide  sleep,  the 
younger  nuns  would  occasionally  glide 
to  catch  a  glimpse  of  the  guiles  of  the 
world,  and  endanger  the  otherwise 
unbroken  tranquillity  of  their  hearts. 
Miss  Lawrence  says  on  this  head, — 
"The  injunction,  therefore,  of  Dean 
Kentwode  to  the  convent  of  St.  Helen, 
Bishopgate,  within  the  city,  that '  some 
sadde  woman  and  discrete,  honeste 
and  wel- named,  for  shuttyng  the 
cloyster-dores',  should  be  appointed, 
was  not  unneedful."  We  shall  look 
forward  with  pleasure  to  the  continua- 
tion of  this  work. 


Bernard  Ledie  ;  or,  a  Tale  of  tlie  Last 
Ten  Years,  By  Rev,  Mr.  Gresley, 
Preb.  of  Lichfield, 

FROM  Mr,  Gresley's  writings  we 
always  derive  instruction,  coming  to 
us  in  a  pleasing  dress.  He  under- 
stands the  art  of  composition,  and  can 
impart  his  knowledge  in  a  lively,  dra- 
matic form,  without  weakening  its 
effect,  or  impairing  the  dignity  of  his 
subject.  As  we  agree  generally  speak- 
ing in  his  views  as  a  Churchman,  it 
is  hardly  necessary  to  say  now  whether 
we  think  he  has  successfully  in  the 
present  work  made  evident  their  cor- 
rectness, and  has  illustrated  them  with 
perspicuity  and  elegance.  The  work 
is  supposed  to  be  written  by  a  clergy- 
man, and  to  contain  his  history  as  far 
as  is  connected  with  his  spiritual  cha- 
racter and  duties,  from  the  time  of  his 
ordination  till  he  is  married  and  en- 
dowed with  a  rectory.  During  this 
period,  most  subjects  connected  with 
the  leading  doctrines  of  Theology  come 
into  discussion,  as  the  writer  comes 
in  collision  with  those  who  hold  them. 
Thus  the  view  which  is  taken  of  the 


1843.] 


R  EViEW. — Gresley's  Bernard  Leslie. 


165 


Sacraments — of  Regeneration — of  Jus- 
tification —  imputed  Righteousness  — 
reward  according  to  works  by  the 
Evangelical  clergy,  is  considered,  and 
their  great  and  leading  errors  on  these 
subjects  pointed  out.  The  opinions  of 
the  Oxford  writers  and  the  Tracts  for 
the  Times  are  ably  and  dispassionately 
defended.  The  case  of  the  Dissenters, 
as  regards  their  spiritual  situation, 
and  the  duty  of  Churchmen  towards 
them,  is  considered  ;  and  other  im- 
portant subjects  are  brought  in  such  a 
manner  under  fair  and  open  discus- 
sion, the  arguments  being  briefly  but 
ably  handled,  so  that  a  sufficient  know- 
ledge  of  them  will  be  obtained  by  the 
readers  of  the  volume,  and  Mr.Gresley's 
opinion,  with  its  supporting  argu- 
ments, fully  understood.  How  the 
Evangelical  clergy  will  meet  the  state- 
ments that  are  made  in  it  we  are  cu- 
rious to  see  ;  for  Mr.  Gresley's  exposi- 
tion of  their  doctrines,  and  confutation 
of  them,  we  consider  to  be  among  the 
most  valuable  points  in  the  work. 
We  are  sure  they  must  get  a  better 
advocate  than  Mr.  Flavell,*  but  we 
doubt  whether  they  will  find  any  one 
at  all  more  successful.  In  making 
one  or  two  short  extracts  from  difi^er- 
ent  parts,  we  are  aware  that  we  are 
leaving  behind  all  the  spirit,  the  cha- 
racter, and  clearness  of  the  composi- 
tion ;  but  how  are  we  to  transfer  it  to 
our  pages  ?  and  why  should  we  ?  The 
book  is  itself  easily  attainable,  and 
should  be  read  in  the  entire  and  un- 
broken form  in  which  it  is  composed. 
Now  for  the  Pastoral  Aid  Society. 

P.  62.  The  ostensible  object  of  the 
Pastoral  Aid  Society  is  to  provide  curates 
in  populous  places :  while  the  actual 
operation  is  to  provide  curates  of  certain 
opinions,  and  secure  to  an  irresponsible 
committee  of  private  clergymen  the  pa- 
tronage of  all  the  most  important  curacies 
in  the  country.  I  am  afraid  that  some  of 
the  leaders  and  promoters  of  these  schemes 
cannot  escape  the  imputation  of  a  culpable 
knowledge  of  this  double  object ;  but  the 
generality  of  the  subscribers  and  support- 
ers of  the  system  are  no  doubt  quite  in- 
nocent of  any  such  design.'' 

P.  63.  On  regeneration  in  baptism 
as  held  by  the  Evangelicals. 

*  A  character  in  the  work,   forcibly 
drawDi  but  not  at  all  over-coloured. 


<<  We  suppose  that  the  Church  in  her 
service  speaks  in  the  language  of  charity, 
and  in  that  sense  we  may  use  the  service 
without  danger  ;  yet  we  should  willingly 
see  some  alterations,"  &c« 

P.  82.  To  the  story  of  the  clergy- 
man who  preached  at  the  Archdeacon's 
Meeting  against  theTracts  of  the  Times, 
without  having  read  them,  we  could 
bring  a  similar  instance  within  our 
own  knowledge.  When  certain  of  the 
clergy  talk  against  the  Tracts  of  the 
Times  they  really  mean  certain  extracts 
and  passages  in  the  Christian  Observer, 

P.  139.  **  The  school-room  lecture  in- 
volves a  departure  from  the  spirit  and,  as 
I  conceive,  the  letter  of  church  discipline.*' 

P.  286.  *<  The  Evangelicals  assert  that 
Church  principles  are  reviving  under  their 
auspices.  If  the  all  but  accomplished 
triumph  of  dissent  and  radicalism  in 
Evangelical  times  be  a  proof  of  the  revival 
of  Church  principles,  the  Evangelicals 
may  be  right,  for  it  was  to  this  state  that 
England  was  reduced." 

P.  298.  ••  Nothing  shall  induce  me  to 
retract  my  fixed  opinion  that  the  tract 
writers  (taking  their  writings  as  a  whole) 
are  the  ablest  and  truest  maintainers 
which  our  Church  has  had  for  many  years. 
They  have  raised  the  tone  of  feeling  in 
the  Church  and  country,  and  have  revived 
principles  and  doctrines  respecting  the 
Church,  for  which  I  think  that  even  you, 
Mr.  Flavell,  will  acknowledge  they  have 
done  good  service." 

P.  304.  ♦*  It  has  often  been  my  lot  to 
hear  Evangelical  preachers,  and  I  never 
yet  heard  one  of  them  preach  the  doctrine 
of  reward  according  to  works,  very  seldom 
that  of  the  last  judgment,  at  least  as  it  is 
revealed  in  Scripture,  and  as  to  the  im- 
portant doctrine  of  the  baptism  for  the 
remission  of  sins,  and  *  the  Holy  Catholic 
Church,'  I  don't  remember  to  have  ever 
heard  them  allude  to  them." 

P.  308.  **  The  charge  of  Popery  and 
disaffection  to  the  Church  is  the  most 
unjust,  I  might  add  the  most  impudent, 
thing  imaginable  in  men  who  are  notori- 
ously guilty  of  the  most  unaccountable 
deviations  from  both  the  letter  and  spirit 
of  the  Church  service,  and  approximation 
to  the  habit  of  Dissenters.  What  would 
be  said  of  a  clergyman  who  introduced 
into  his  service  hymns  taken  from  the 
breviary?  and  yet  the  Evangelists  use 
without  scruple  the  compositions  of  Dis- 
senters. What  would  be  said  of  a  clergy- 
man who  employed  in  his  parish  members 
of  the  Roman  Catholic  Communion  who 
had  not  been  formidly  reconciled  to  the 
Church?    And  yet  the  Eyangelists  c«r< 


166 


Review.— Gresley's  Bernard  Leslie. 


[Aug. 


tainly  avail  themselves,  both  in  their 
schools  and  district  visiting  societies,  of 
the  services  of  persons  who  go  alternately 
to  the  Church  or  Dissenting  Chapel  ? 
What  would  be  said  of  a  bishop  who 
stood  on  a  platform  with  Popish  priests 
and  declared  that  he  saw  no  great  dif- 
ference in  their  views,  and  cordially  united 
with  them  in  the  propagation  of  the 
Catholic  faith  ?  And  yet  we  know  that 
the  meetings  of  the  Bible  Society  are  con- 
tinually bringing  some  of  the  heads  of  our 
Church  into  contact  with  Dissenters. 
Will  it  be  said  that  there  is  greater  danger 
from  contact  with  Popery,  and  that  some 
have  gone  over  from  high  church  princi- 
ples to  the  Romish  faith  ?  I  infer  that 
not  some  few  only,  but  thousands,  nay 
millions,  have  gone  over  from  the  low 
church  and  puritanical  views  to  dissent. 
All  the  Dissenters  now  in  Ireland,  or 
their  fathers,  were  once  Puritans  or 
Evangelicals,^^ 

P.  332.  '*The  Church  holds  out  to 
such  as  fall  from  their  baptismal  grace 
the  hope  of  repentance,  a  boon  equivalent 
to  that  conversion  which  constitutes  the 
chief  part  of  the  Evangelical  scheme.  The 
Churchman,  like  the  Evangelical,  preaches 
his  awakening  sermons,  and  makes  his 
earnest  appeals  to  those  who  have  fallen 
from  grace,  accompanied  by  vivid  mani- 
festations of  God's  love,  through  Christ, 
to  even  the  worst  sinner.  The  difference 
is  that  whereas  the  Evangelical  makes 
this  the  whole,  or  by  far  the  most  promi- 
nent part  of  his  scheme,  the  Churchman 
looks  on  it  rather  as  a  supplement,  or  last 
resort,  and  builds  his  principal  hope  on 
the  preservation  and  carrying  out  of  bap- 
tismal grace,  according  to  the  scheme  so 
plainly  marked  out  in  the  services  of  the 
Church.  Such  appears  to  be  the  broad  and 
essential  difference  between  the  Church 
scheme  and  that  of  the  Evangelicals.  The 
Evangelical  dwells  almost  entirely  on  cow- 
version-,  the  Churchman  preaches  bap" 
tismal  regeneration,  and  to  those  who 
have  fallen  repentance,  &c.  In  a  word,  it 
is  to  be  feared  that  Evangelicalism  has  so 
obscured  the  doctrine  of  baptismal  re- 
generation, and  so  unscripturally  mouthed 
the  way  of  repentance,  that  multitudes 
have  been  beguiled  to  their  destruction. 
Multitudes  have  been  destroyed,  not  so 
much  by  what  the  Evangelists  teach,  as 
by  what  they  leave  untaught." 

The  author  then  proceeds  to  men- 
tion several  other  doctrines  in  which 
the  teaching  of  the  Evangelicals  *  is 

*  The  term  **  Evangelical,"  it  has  been 
by  some  observed,  is  a  misnomer,  as  by 
them  the  Epistles  are  exalted  above  the 
Gospels.     See  also  p.  54  of  this  work. 


decidedly  at  variance  with  the  words 
of  Scripture,  or  the  formularies  of  the 
Church. 

''  All  Evangelicals  are  unsound  in  the 
doctrine  of  baptismal  regeneration,  and  in 
the  doctrine  of  the  one  Catholic  and  Apos- 
tolic Church.  Not  only  here  and  there 
but  all.  All  confound  the  doctrine  of 
the  visible  Church  with  the  Communion 
of  Saints,  and  all  refuse  to  receive  in  its 
true  and  natural  sense  the  doctrines  of  the 
Church  respecting  baptism.  All  more  or 
less  exalt  the  doctrine  of  justification  by 
faith  to  the  disparagement  of  other  great 
doctrines,  though  some  more  than  others. 
All  cry  down  ordinances,  and  more  or 
less  neglect  the  fasts  and  festivals  of  the 
Church.  It  is  these  characteristics  that 
constitute  the  Evangelical  party." 

The  author  observes  that  it  may 
appear  to  some  that  these  accusations 
are  penned  in  a  spirit  of  harshness. 

**  I  ti-ust  not,"  he  says,  **aad  yet  I 
acknowledge  that  I  feel  some  indignation. 
I  used  once  to  respect  the  Evangelicals, 

but  their  popularity  has   spoiled 

them,  as  it  has  done  thousands  before 
them.  They  have  now  stood  forward  in 
a  new  light.  They  are  no  longer  contend- 
ing for  the  souls  of  men,  but  struggUng 
to  maintain  a  waning  popularity.  They 
see  grow  up  around  them  a  zecdous  and 
laborious  body  of  men,  who  have  devoted 
themselves  to  the  restoring  the  ancient 
purity  and  energy  of  the  Church.  These 
men  are  gradually  regaining  an  influence 
over  the  public  mind,  to  the  prejudice  and 
annoyance  of  the  Evangelicals.  Hence 
their  rage  against  them.  The  effrontery 
with  which  these  men  accuse  their  brethren 
is  marvellous.  The  daily  newspapers  and 
monthly  magazines  have  been  filled  with 
foul  charges  and  injurious  reports  against 
those  who  are  endeavouring  to  raise  the 
tone  of  religion.  There  has  sprung  up 
amongst  the  Evangelicals  a  bitter  hostiUty 
and  ungenerous  jealousy.  They  bar  the 
kingdom  of  Heaven  against  them.  They 
neither  go  in  themselves  nor  suffer  those 
that  are  waiting  to  go  in.  And  not  only 
is  the  public  mind  prejudiced  by  the 
press,  but  even  more  objectionable  means 
than  these  are  resorted  to,  and  the  low 
arts  of  political  partizanship  are  called 
into  operation.  I  have  at  thb  moment 
before  me  a  speech  made  by  an  Evangeli- 

**  The  whole  Church  scheme,"  says  Mr. 
Flavell,  '^  lies  in  a  nutshell.  You  should 
stick  to  the  Epistle  of  St.  Paul  to  the 
Romans.  If  you  do  not  know  a  word  of 
Scripture  besides,  that  would  be  enough,' ' 
&c. 


1843.]     Review. — Papers  qfRegnault.^^Winslow's  Remains,  167 


cal  clergyman  at  a  large  dinner  party  com- 
posed of  the  tradesmen  of  St.  Ruth,  which, 
for  Tiolence  and  ill  feeling,  goes  beyond 
what  one  is  accustomed  to  hear  even  at  a 
gathering  of  democrats,  and  in  which  the 
holiest  truths  are  treated  with  a  contempt 
which  must  have  rejoiced  the  heart  of  an 
Infidel.  To  such  a  state  of  mad  excitement 
were  these  men  brought  by  the  spirit  of 
partizanship." 

Mr.  Gresley  gives  a  specimen  of 
this  speech  in  a  Dote.  The  reverend 
speaker  asks,  speaking  of  vfhsLt  he  calls 
Puseyite,  "If  we  are  to  have  the  oil 
and  chrism,  are  we  to  have  the  spittle 
and  salt  ?  are  we  to  ha've  our  children 
apit  upon,  and  salteJl,  and  pickled  F** 
Who  this  gentleman  is  we  are  not  in 
charity  informed ;  and  we  sincerely 
hope  that  his  language,  bis  temper, 
and  his  piety,  are  something  peculiar 
to  himself,  something  quite  individu- 
alised, and  do  not  extend  throughout 
the  whole  brotherhood. 


Papers  of  Regnault.     Edited  by  Wil- 
liam de  Barry. 

THERE  is  no  want  of  cleverness  in 
this  volume,  nor  of  poetical  talent, 
but  a  marvellous  lack  of  that  care  and 
attention  which  should  labour  at  mak- 
ing its  productions  as  perfect  as  it  can 
before  it  is  given  to  the  public,  for 
their  delight  or  instruction.  We  give 
two  specimens,  the  latter  might  have 
been  worked  up  into  an  entertaining 
and  amusing  poem. 

SONG. 

Canst  thou  not  stay  a  little  longer, 

'Till  fruit  is  sweet  *neath  autumn  skies ; 

Now  every  day  our  tie  grows  stronger. 
And  dearer  still  each  hour  that  files. 

For  jasmine  on  the  wall  is  scenting, 
And  evening  sun  on  peach  is  red  ; 

And  orchard  grounds  the  winds  respecting. 
With  many  a  breaking  bough  are  spread. 

Now  daylight's  parting  beam  is  deeper. 
Now  nuts  grow  brown  and  shadows  blue, 

Gay  sounds  the  carol  of  the  reaper. 
Thou  must  not,  could  not,  say  adieu. 

In  vain  the  year  its  tides  revolving, 
Revives  to  life  its  seasons  dear ; 

If,  as  it  rolls,  it  is  dissolving 
Those  bonds  for  which  we  chiefiy  care. 

Thus  do  we  part — thus  unavailing 
The  garden  leaf— the  last  blown  rose — 

Tbr  absence  is  but  the  recalling 
Of  former  iUf,  forgotten  woes* 


But  time  that  fatal  hour  is  bringing. 
Oh  !  leave  thine  image  on  my  heart ; 

So  when  the  clock's  cold  tongue  is  ringing, 
We'll  say,  adieu  1  fareweU  I  and  part, 

THE    POOR   GENTLEMAN. 

Hark  1  the  town  is  working, 

Hammering,  weaving,  building,  shoeing, 
He  alone  is  shirking. 

Nothing,  nothing,  nothing  doing. 

In  his  easy  chair  he  sits 

Safe  and  sound  by  others  wits. 

Why  is  this  ?  since  work  he  can  ? 
Why  ?  he  is  a  gentleman. 

Hark  !  all  hearts  are  leaping. 
Laughing,  loving,  drinking,  eating. 

He  alone  is  weeping. 
Nothing  hoping,  nothing  getting. 

In  his  lonely  room  he  stays. 
Void  of  pleasure,  void  of  praise. 

Why  is  this  ?  since  stir  he  can  ? 
Why  ?  he  is  a  gentjieman. 

Hark  1  the  world's  in  riot. 

Fighting,  fuming,  bursting,  cheating, 
He  alone  seems  quiet. 

Nothing  fearing,  nothing  hating. 

In  his  hall  he  doth  abide. 

Feels  no  avarice,  lust  or  pride. 

Why  is  this  ?  since  brawl  he  can  ? 
Why  ?  he  is  a  gentleman. 

TVinslow's  Remains,   with  Notes,   8fc. 

By  Right  Rev,  George  W.  Doane. 

THIS  volume  will  be  read  with  deep 
interest  in  the  subject,  and  feelings  of 
afi^ection  and  respect  to  the  memory 
of  him  whose  character  it  records,  and 
some  of  whose  writings  it  has  pre- 
served. Prefixed  to  the  remains  of 
the  author  is  a  sermon  by  the  Editor, 
in  which  will  be  found  such  an  ac- 
count of  the  life  and  character  of  his 
deceased  friend,  as  will  enchain  atten- 
tion and  awake  emotions  of  the  ten- 
derest  kind  in  every  reader's  heart. 
This  affectionate  tribute  by  the  Bishop 
of  New  Jersey,  to  the  memory  of  him 
whom  he  calls  "  a  true  Catholic 
churchman  in  his  life  and  in  his 
death,"  is  followed  by  the  sermons  of 
Mr.  Winslow,  and  by  some  poetical 
pieces.  The  former  are  in  our  opi- 
nion correct  in  doctrine,  speaking  the 
authentic  voice  of  the  Church  on  the 
points  of  Christian  belief  and  duty. 
The  poems  are  the  productions  of  an 
accomplished  mind,  and  are  elegantly 
and  correctly  written.  From  these 
we  mast  give  one  specimen* 


168 


Review.— Cotton's  Bee  Booh, 


[Aug. 


TH0U0HT8   FOR  THE    CITY. 


Oat  on  the  city*s  hum  ! 
My  spirit  would  flee  from  the  haunts  of 

men ; 
To  where  the  woodland  and  the  leafy  glen 

Are  eloquently  dumb. 

These  dull  brick  walls  which  span 
My  daily  walks,  which  shut  me  in. 
These  crowded  streets,  with  their  busy  din, 
They  tell  too  much  of  man. 

Oh  I  for  those  dear  wild  flowers, 
Which  in  the  meadows  so  brightly  grew, 
Where  the  honey-bee  and  blithe  bird  flew. 

That  gladdened  boyhood's  hours. 

Out  on  these  chains  of  flesh  ! 
Binding  the  pilgrim,  who  fain  would  roam 
To  where  kind  nature  hath  made  her  home, 

In  bowers  so  green  and  fresh. 

But  is  not  nature  here  ? 
From  these  troubled  scenes  look  up  and 

view 
The  drb  of  day,  thro'  the  Armament  blue. 

Pursue  his  bright  career. 

Or  where  the  night  dews  fall. 
Go  watch  the  moon,  with  her  gentle  glance, 
Flitting  o*er  that  clear  expanse. 

Her  own  broad  starlit  hall. 

Mortal  the  Earth  may  mar 
And  blot  out  its  beauties  one  by  one, 
But  he  cannot  dim  the  fadeless  sun, 

Or  quench  a  single  star. 

And  o'er  the  dusky  town 
The  greater  light  that  ruleth  the  day, 
And  the  heavenly  host  in  their  bright 
array. 

Look  gloriously  down. 

So  mid  the  hollow  mirth, 
The  din  and  strife  of  the  crowded  mart, 
We  may  ever  lift  up  the  eye  and  heart, 

To  scenes  above  the  earth. 

Blest  thoughts,  so  kindly  given, 
That,  tho'  he  toils  with  his  boasted  might, 
Man  cannot  shut  from  bis  brother's  sight 

The  things  and  thoughts  of  heaven. 


My  Bee  Book,  By  W.  C.  Cotton,  A.M. 
WITH  some  curtailments  and  alter- 
ations this  might  be  made  a  very  de- 
lightful and  instructive  volume.  It  is 
written  with  all  the  zeal  of  an  ama- 
teur, with  poetic  taste  and  feeling, 
and  in  a  truly  Christian  spirit,  but  as 
the  subject  as  well  as  the  book  have 
been  very  successfully  discoursed  on 
in  a  late  number  of  the  Quarterly  Re- 
view, it  will  be  the  less  necessary  for 
us  to  follow  the  bees  in  their  flight,  or 
to  pry  into  their  secrets*  but  to  descend 
from  our  altitudes  and  come  to  mat- 
ter of  fact.    We  observe  in  this  and 


other  Bee  books,  how  strenuously  the 
cottagers  are  exhorted  to  study  hives 
and  their  inmates,  and  what  golden 
treasures  are   promised  to   their    in- 
dustry.    Indeed  a   calculation  men- 
tioned in   the  Quarterly  Review   ex- 
tends   to    several    thousand    pounds 
from  a  certain  number  of  hives.    Now 
in  the  country  in  which  we  live  there 
is  no  encouragement  of  this  sort  held 
out  to  the  apiarian  cultivator  for  the 
profits  of  his    "  unshepherded  flock  ;** 
for  there  is  great  diflSculty  in  finding 
sale  for  the  honey,  even  at  the  low 
price  of  sixpence  in  the  pound,  and  it 
is  often  brought  back  from  the  markets 
and  towns   unsold,   and  used   up  at 
home.     The  wax   indeed   is   a   more 
certain   commodity,  and   goes   off  at 
better  prices.     We  must  give  a  Greek 
epigram  on  the  subject  of  bees,  a  fa- 
vourite bird  with  the  Greek  poets,  we 
presume  by  the  author,  though  signed 
anonymous. 

At*  c^  *A7ridpios  ov  OeXcD  tlvm, 

"hirihos  ov  arepofxai   TtXtras,  ov^  opyia 

"Sfikov 
"AyykLKos  6pBoboKa>v*' Kpixiv  ovk  ayafuu, 
Kal  bia  TOVT  ap  eyayy*  ^  Pi.indpi.os  ov  OeXto 


elvcu. 


*0s  vaid)  yaias  rfjXodtp  i^  'Amrjs, 

Bells  and  Pomegranates,  Nos.  I.'^IV. 
By  Robert  Browning. 
OF  Mr.  Browning's  poetical  powers 
and  philosophical  knowledge  of  the 
mind  of  man,  we  have  a  very  high 
opinion,  and  on  some  of  the  eloquent 
and  powerful  passages  in  his  former 
productions  we  have  been  delighted  to 
dwell.  His  Paracelsus  was  a  noble 
monster;  but  as  regards  the  present 
work,  we  take  it  that  Mr.  Browning  in 
poetry,  as  Mr.  Turner  in  the  sister 
art  of  painting,  being  self-delighted 
with  the  exercise  of  his  acknowledged 
powers,  writes  for  his  own  gratifica- 
tion and  to  his  own  will,  without 
much  regard  to  the  approbation  or 
applause  of  his  readers.  His  mind 
is  full  of  imagery,  and  all  fancies 
quaint  and  noble ;  a  copious  flow  of 
language  is  at  his  command ;  he  is 
master  of  the  passions  that  sway  the 
human  heart ;  and  thus  conscious  of 
his  powers,  he  mounts  his  steed,  turns 
the  magic  peg  in  its  ear,  and  instantly 
shoots  aloft,  and  goes  careering  along 
in  the  high  regions  of  the  empyrean. 


18430 


RsTiiW.—- Mac  Neile  on  Mesmerism, 


169 


hardly  visible  to  ordinary  mortals.  Of 
his  four  numbers  we  like  best  his  first, 
Pippa  Passes.  The  scene  between 
the  wife  Olivia  and  her  paramour 
Sibald,  though  wild  and  fantastic,  is 
very  poetically  drawn  ;  and  so  is  the 
sketch  of  the  Poor  Girls  who  sit  on 
the  steps  near  the  Duomo  of  S.  Maria. 
In  the  second  tragedy.  King  Victor  and 
King  Charles,  we  confess  the  ability, 
but  consider  the  result  inadequate.  In 
"  The  Return  of  the  Druses,"  we  did 
not  feel  at  all  interested.  The  dra- 
matic lyrics  are  very  clever  in  parts ; 
but  the  following  is  perfect  as  a  whole, 
as  an  excellent  companion  to  the  best 
of  the  spirited  old  political  ballads  and 
garlands. 

CAVALIER  TUNBS.~1.  MARCHING  ALONG. 

1. 

Kentish  Sir  Byng  stood  for  his  King, 
Bidding  the  crop-beaded  Parliament  swing. 
And  pressing  on  troops  unable  to  stoop. 
And  see  the  rogues  flourish  and  honest  men 
droop, 
Marched  them  along,  fifty  score  strong, 
Great-hearted  gentlemen,  singing  this  song. 

2. 
God  for  King  Charles !  Pym  and  such  carles, 
To  the  devil  that  prompts  *em  their  treason- 
ous paries. 
Cavaliers  up  1  lips  from  the  cup, 
Hands  from  the  pasty,  nor  bite  take,  nor  sup. 
Till  you're  (Chortu)  marching  along,  fifty 

score  strong. 
Great-hearted  gentlemen,  singing  this  song. 

3. 
Hampden  to  hell !  and  his  obsequies  knell. 
Serve  Rudyard,and  Fiennes,  and  young  Harry 

as  well. 
England,  good  cheer  I  Rupert  is  near, 
Kentish  and  loyalists  keep  we  not  here. 
(Chorus)  Marching  along,  fifty  score  strong* 
Great-hearted  gentlemen,  singing  this  song. 

4. 
Then  God  for  King  Charles !  Pym  and  his 

snarles, 
To  the  devil  that  pricks  on  such  pestilent  carles. 
Hold  by  the  right,  you  double  your  might, 
So  onward  to  Nottingham,  fresh  for  the  fight, 
March  us  along,  fifty  score  strong, 
Great-hearted  gentlemen,  singing  this  song. 

The  Cloister  (Spanish)  is  the  next 
best,  in  our  belief,  but  we  have  not 
room  to  extract  it. 


1.  Satanic  Agency  and  Metmerism,  a 
Sermon,     By  Rev,  Hugh  Mac  Neile. 

2.  Mesmerism  the  Gift  of  God.    A  Let^ 
ter  by  a  Beneficed  Clergyman. 
THE  manner  in  which  the  power 

called  "  Mesmerism  "  is  engaging  pub* 
li«  attAntioQ  is  well  known,  as  well  as 
GiNT.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


the  great    proportion  of  talent   and 
science  engaged  in  the  investigation 
of  its  nature  and  properties,  and  in 
the  endeavour  to  connect  its  unknown 
powers  with  those  with  which  we  are 
already  acquainted.    These  investiga- 
tions have  assumed  a  scientific  cha- 
racter, and  are  pursued  according  to 
the  most  approved  methods  of  philoso- 
phy ;  while  the  natural  powers  which 
the  art  itself  is  able  to  call  forth  and 
command,  are  applied  most  success- 
fully to  the  treatment  of  disease,  both 
as  auxiliaries  to  the  established  plans 
of  treatment,  and  as  successful  where 
they  have  failed.    The  art  itself  is  still 
in  its  infancy,  but  is  daily  under  pa- 
tient   and    persevering  investigation, 
unfolding  more  and  more  of  its  cha- 
racter and  properties,  exhibiting  new 
and  interesting  phenomena,  and  offer- 
ing the  most  flattering  prospects  of  re- 
moving disease  that  has  resisted  all  other 
methods  of  cure,  and  of  alleviating  the 
suffering  and  agony  that  are  attendant 
on  the  operations  of  surgery.    As  we 
have  said,  the  art  is  in  its  infancy  ;-^ 
yet  it  has  already  proved  its  claims,  both 
on  the  belief  and  the  gratitude  of  man- 
kind.   The  stubborn  and  di-eadful  dis- 
ease of  epilepsy  has  been  removed  by 
it — nervous  diseases  of  the  brain  and 
the  heart,  of  the  most  dangerous  kind, 
have  been  arrested  in  their  fatal  pro- 
gress—  amputations  have  been   per- 
formed, even  of  entire  limbs,  without  the 
patient  being  conscious  of  the  opera- 
tion, or  in  any  degree  affected  by  it — it 
has  been  applied  beneficially  in  the  treat- 
ment of  insanity,  and  the  tranquilliza- 
tion  of  the  disordered  mind-— it  is  in 
the  hands  of  men  of  singularly  active 
minds,  of  habits  of  philosophical  inves- 
tigation, and  extensive  acquirements- 
its    evidences  are  fairly  and  openly 
submitted  to  the  most  educated  and 
enlightened  part  of  the  public^t  is 
altogether  separated  from  the  lower 
and  obscure  provinces  of  quackery  and 
deceit — it  is  the  subject  of  the 'most 
rigorous  investigation  both  in  public 
and  private,  in  conversation,  in  open 
debate,  in  pamphlets  and  reviews — it 
has  been  adopted,  after  examination, 
by  a  considerable  portion  of  the  medi- 
cal world,  and  the  circle  of  its  teachers 
and   believers    is    steadily    extending 
both  at  home  and    abroad.      Now, 
while  the   matter  stands  thus,  thert 
arises  a  preacher,  a  Mr.  Mac  Neilt, 

Z 


170 


Review.'— il/Mmeri^m  the  Gift  of  God, 


[Aug, 


of  Liverpool,  in  whose  name  is  pub- 
lished a  sermon,  called  *'  Satanic  Agency 
and  Mesmerism,*'    This  we  have  had 
the  misfortune  of  reading.     As  far  as 
we  can  recollect  the  reasoning  runs  in 
this   manner.      1.    There   are    fallen 
angels ;    these   are    permitted  to   be 
tempters  to  fallen  man ;  they  appear 
in  the  shape  of  wizards,  enchanters, 
and  act  through  witchcraft.     Such  is 
the  testimony  of  the  Old  Testament, 
and  of  the  gospel ;  and,  further,  the 
devil  still  retains  his  ancient  power 
and  domination.     Among  the  Arabs, 
for  instance,  he  appears  acting  in  the 
"  Sin  of  Witchcraft ;  "  he  also  appears 
in  the  Mystery  of  Iniquity,  the  Church 
of  Rome;  and  he  appears  "with  powers, 
and  doing  signs,  and  mingling  lying 
wonders."    We  must  therefore  be  pre- 
pared to  be  assailed  by  power  working 
with  men  who  dwell   with  familiar 
spirits.     Mesmerism  is  a  power — is 
it    real    or    supernatural    power,    or 
fraud  ?    The  preacher  must  judge  by 
hearsay  on  this  point,  not  caring  to 
be  a  present  witness  himself.     Grant 
that  it  is  real,  then  let  the  teachers  of 
it  give  us  the  science  in  a  scientific 
manner,  opening  to  us  the  law,  and 
stating  the  uniform  action  of  the  pro- 
perties, not  confining  themselves  to  ex- 
periments in  a  comer,  upon  servant  girls 
hired  for  the  purpose.     Let  us  have  the 
law  of  the  science,  if  it  be  a  science ; 
and  if  it  be  not  a  science  then  what  is 
it  ?    It  is  either  a  falsehood  or  a  su- 
pernatural thing.     The  supernatural 
thing  is  the  power  over  the  flesh  of 
man's  body;  but  who  do  we  read  of 
as  having  taken  possession  of  man's 
flesh  ? — the  devil.    Therefore,  says  the 
preacher,  I  suspect  this  pretended  sci- 
ence is  of  the  devil,  and  this  suspicion 
is  strengthened  and  supported  by  Lord 
Shrewsbury's  cases,  because  they  be- 
long "  to  the  Mystery  of  Iniquity," 
and  also  because  the  philosophic  advo- 
cates and  teachers  of  the  pseudo-sci- 
ence are  covetous  men,  like  Balaam, 
and  seldom  go  to  church.    Therefore 
to  lay  hold  of  them  is  an    exploit 
worth  of  the  devil.     Lastly,  the  mem- 
bers of  the  medical  profession  are  the 
last  persons  fit  to  judge  of  the  truth 
of  this  work,   if  it  is   supernatural, 
because  the  devil  cannot  be  found  by 
the  knife  that  divides  the  joints,  or  by 
the  medicine  which  divides  the  pores. 
Therefore  the  preacher  advises  all  me- 


dical men  "  to  asJc   God  Almighty  to 
show  them  the  spiritual  world.**     To 
conclude,  he  says,  let  no  Christians 
go  to  such  exhibitions,  for  they  may 
be  of  the  devil  in   more  ways   than 
one.     Nature  acts  uniformly,  the  devil 
capriciously  ;  and  if  this  art  works  ca- 
priciously,  then   there   is   some   mis- 
chievous agent  at  work  ;  besides,  *'  no 
science  can  save  a  soul."    Clasp  your 
bible,  and  go  not  after  idle  vanities. 
Now  to,  &c.     Such  is  the  discourse 
of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hugh  Mac  Neile,  of 
Liverpool.     Fortunately  this  piece  of 
foolery  fell  into  the  hapds  of  a  person 
styling  himself   a    beneficed   clergy- 
man, and  who  we  believe  is  the  Rev. 
G.  Sandby,  of  Suffolk  ;  and  who  an- 
swered it  in  the  article,  the  name  of 
which  we  have  prefixed  to  these  ob- 
servations.    It  was  lamentably  neces- 
sary that  some  notice  should  be  taken 
of  this  absurd  discourse,  for  not  only 
had  thousands  of  copies  been  bought 
by  weak  and  fanatic  persons,  but  per- 
sons had  been  absolutely  deterred  from 
adopting  or   witnessing  the  curative 
effects  of  Mesmerism,  through  scruples 
of  conscience  raised  by  this  contempti- 
ble piece  of  sacred  declamation.     Mr. 
Sandby 's  pamphlet  is  written  through- 
out in  that  calm  and  temperate  man- 
ner that  became  a  person  investigating 
a  subject  of  philosophy.     The  facts 
adduced  are  judiciously  selected — the 
reasonings    are   logically   stated — the 
present  state  of  the  mesmeric  science 
is  fairly  represented,   and   Mr.  Mac 
Neile's  absurdities  are  exposed  and 
his  flimsy  reasoning  irresistibly  con- 
futed.   At  p.  11  Mr.  Sandby  has  an- 
swered his  demand,    "  that  the  laws 
of  this  science  be  stated  clearly  and  in 
a  scientific  manner ;  "  which,  in  other 
words,  signifies :  "While  you  are  em- 
ployed in  making  such  experiments  as 
may  hereafter  enable  you  to  compre- 
hend and  unfold  the  laws  to   which 
they   are  subject,   you   must  explain 
these  laws  to  me  before  I  believe  in 
your  experiments ; "  he  has  considered 
Mr.   Mac   Neile's    sensible    demand, 
"  that  the  laws  of  this  science  should 
act  uniformly f**  that  is,  that  a  power 
should  act  with  steadiness  and  uni- 
formity  on  a  substance  (that  is  "  the 
animal  economy  of  various  patients) 
which  is  never  uniform"    He  might 
as  well  require  that  a  dose  of  rhubarb, 
senna,  or  other  purgative  stuff,  should 


1843.] 


Review.— Loudon's  Suburban  HorticuUurisU 


171 


act  uniformly  on  his  own  bowels,  or 
on  those  of  the  virtuous  and  venerable 
spinsters  who  form  his  congregation. 
Would  not  those  respected  practisers 
of  domestic  medicine  inform  him,  of 
the  capridousness  of  castor- oil,  of  the 
uncertain  issue  of  the  pilula  compo- 
sita,  and  of  the  disappointment  they 
endured,  hour  after  hour,  while  eagerly 
waiting  the  expected  operation  of  the 
colocynthine  aperients ;  but  Mr.  Sand- 
by 's  remarks  on  this  head,  which 
commence  at  p.  12,  are  so  just,  so 
full,  and  so  decisive,  that  they  require 
no  assistance  from  any  other  hand. 

*'  The  nature  of  electricity  (he  says)  is 
not  so  perfectly  known  that  a  law  could 
be  laid  down,  by  general  reasoning,  so  as 
to  foretell  of  a  certainty  the  manner  in 
which  electrified  bodies  would  act  in  any 
position  in  which  they  might  be  respect- 
ively placed.  Do  we  therefore  say  that 
there  is  no  uniformity  ?  or,  as  Mr.  Mac 
Neile  might  say,  that  there  is  no  elec- 
tricity, or,  rather,  that  the  whole  is  deter- 
mined by  the  accidental  caprices  of  Satan  ? 
No  I  we  answer  that  the  distance  of  the 
positive  and  negative  bodies  being  known, 
and  no  disagreement  arising  from  other 
or  accidental  causes,  their  uniformity  of 
action  is  certain ;  but  we  add,  that,  as 
philosophers  could  not  determine  a  just 
theory  of  all  this  from  the  physical  prin- 
ciples of  electricity,  it  was  necessary  to 
proceed  by  observation,  and  comparison 
of  phenomena,  before  the  law  of  varia- 
tion could  be  established;  and  so  it  is 
in  animal  magnetism,  it  will  be  by  ob- 
servation, by  induction  of  various  and  nu- 
merous particulars,  as  exhibited  in  indi- 
viduals of  various  constitutions  and  habits, 
that  any  approach  to  a  consistent  theory 
of  action  can  be  established.  All  this 
will  require  much  time  and  many  and 
tedious  experiments,  &c.'' 

Mr.  Sandby  lastly  brings  forward  a 
positive  case  of  cure  in  his  own  family 
by  Mesmerism,  after  all  the  ordinary 
appliances  of  medicine  had  failed,  and 
hope  itself  was  all  but  gone  ;  and  in 
this  case,  instead  of  seeing  any  marks 
of  "  diabolical  capriciousness,"  it 
acted  "  by  a  gradual,  steady,  and  pro- 
gressive improvement,  attended  by  cir- 
cumstances of  relief  which  no  lan- 
guage can  express."  To  this  we 
should  add  that  Mr.  Mac  Neile's  ar- 
gument of  capriciousness  appears  to 
us  to  be  altogether  wrong.  When  medi- 
cines are  applied  to  the  removal  of  dis- 
ease they  seldom  act  with  uaiformity, 


nay,  they  require  constantly  to  be  mo- 
dified, mixed,  or  changed ;  but  all  this 
time  the  disease  may  be  steadily  dimi- 
nishing, and  symptoms  of  healt^i  more 
and  more  appearing.  The  end  may  be 
obtained,  though  by  a  perpetual  change 
and  variety  in  the  means;  so  the  cures 
performed  by  Mesmerism  may  be  cer- 
tain, though  the  effects  of  mesmeric 
application  may  vary  in  power  from 
day  to  day,  according  to  the  bodily 
constitution  of  the  patient,  or  of  the 
operator — according  to  the  state  of 
the  mental  faculties  at  the  time,  and 
of  the  nervous  system — according  to 
the  dry  or  moist  nature  of  the  weather, 
and  so  on  ;  but,  if  the  purpose  or  end 
in  view  is  generally  obtained,  then 
the  uncertainty  of  the  means]  (miscalled 
capriciousness)  is  not  to  be  regarded, 
being  a  defect  which  necessarily  be- 
longs to  the  application  of  all  art  that, 
like  medicine,  is  founded  on  experi- 
ment and  observation.  We  now  con- 
sider Mr.  Mac  Neile's  claim  to  the 
attention  of  the  public  to  be  altogether 
destroyed.  He  may  go  on  in  his  own 
chapel  alarming  his  congregation, 
whenever  a  mesmeric  physician  arrives 
in  Liverpool,  by  crying  out  from  the 
pulpit, 

'  By  the  pricking  of  my  thumbs 
Something  wicked  this  way  comes ;' 

but  the  sensible  portion  of  mankind 
will  look  for  something  better  than  vi- 
tuperation, declamation,  illogical  rea- 
soning, and  interpretations  of  scripture 
misunderstood  and  misapplied. 

2%e  Suburban  Horticulturist;   or,  an 
Attetnpt  to  teach  the  Science  of  the 
Kitchen,  Fruit,  and  Forcing  Garden* 
By  S.  C.  Loudon,  pp.  732. 
WE  have  read  this  volume  with 
care,  and  pronounce  it  to  be  executed 
in  such  a  manner  as  does  credit  to  the 
writer's  knowledge  and  industry,  and 
we  are  sure  it  will  be  of  the  greatest 
utility  to  all  who,  possessing  gardens, 
have  them  cultivated  under  their  own 
management  and  inspection.  The  noble 
and  the  rich  have  it  in  their  power  to 
engage  gardeners  of  great  skill  and  jgood 
education   who   relieve   them    of   all 
trouble  but  that  of  eating  the  fruits 
and  inhaling  the  odours  of  the  flowers ; 
but  the  person  of  small  fortune,  pos- 
sessing alike  with  the  rich  man  a  love 

of  nature  and  of  cuUlyatiooi  yet  not 


172 


Hetiew.— Loudon  on  Laying  out  Cemtieries. 


[Aug. 


being  able,  on  account  of  the  expense, 
to  place  his  land  in  the  hands  of  a 
scientific  gardener,  he  must  either  cul- 
tivate it  according  to  his  own  confined 
knowledge,  or  entrust  it  to  the  hands 
of  those  who  are  little  better  than 
labourers  of  the  field,  and  under  whom 
no  success  could  be  obtained.  To 
give,  therefore,  instruction  to  the 
ignorant  in  a  commodious  form  and 
intelligible  language,  has  been  the  in- 
tention of  the  author  of  this  volume  ; 
and  we  certainly  cannot  point  out  any 
part  of  his  subject  which  is  not  treated 
with  the  fullness  it  requires,  and  the 
correctness  that  proceeds  from  a  long 
and  intimate  acquaintance  with  every 
branch  of  horticulture.  To  the  country 
clergyman  and  to  the  retired  tradesman 
this  volume  is  peculiarly  adapted,  and 
with  this  book  on  their  table  they  will 
be  able  so  to  direct  the  operations  of  a 
common  labouring  gardener,  as  to  cul- 
tivate their  grounds  with  satisfaction 
and  success.  The  work  is  divided 
into  different  parts  and  sections,  each 
embracing  a  portion  of  the  general 
subject.  The  plants  themselves  are 
named  and  classified.  The  soils, 
manure,  and  atmosphere,  suited  to 
their  growth  and  maintenance  are 
enumerated,  as  well  as  the  diseases  and 
accidents  to  which  they  are  liable,  and 
the  insects  and  animals  that  infest 
and  injure  them.  The  proper  imple- 
ments, utensils,  and  structures  of  hor^ 
ticulture  are  mentioned,  and  the  best 
mode  of  construction  is  pointed  out. 
Thus  by  attention  to  these  points,  which 
no  inexperienced  person  could  be  able 
of  himself  to  effect,  many  mistakes  will 
be  avoided,  disappointment  obviated, 
and  money  will  not  be  uselessly  spent. 
The  different  methods  of  propagation 
by  seed,  cuttings,  layers,  budding,  and 
grafliing,  are  given  in  the  succeeding 
parts ;  the  proper  mode  of  cropping, 
with  the  whole  rotation  of  crops,  is 
detailed ;  the  culture  of  fruits  under 
glass  as  well  as  in  the  open  borders, 
with  the  different  methods  of  forcing, 
and  copious  catalogues  of  the  proper 
fruits  and  culinary  vegetables  which 
are  to  be  preferred.  It  is  intended  to 
follow  up  this  volume  of  "  Suburban 
Horticulture"  with  another  on  "  Subur- 
ban Floriculture,"  thus  completing 
the  whole  cycle  of  information  on  that 
subject ;  in  the  meantime  an  excellent 
substitute  for  the  latter  will  be  found 


in  Mrs.  Loudon's  Companion  to  the 
Ladies'  Flower  Garden.  In  conclusion 
we  may  observe  that  all  the  latest  dis- 
coveries in  agricultural  chemistry  have 
been  applied  in  this  work  to  the  sub- 
ject of  gardening,  and  the  introduction 
of  all  the  newest  fruits  and  vegetables 
noticed.  Satisfied  of  the  utility  of  the 
present  volume  we  now  look  forward 
to  the  next  with  eager  expectation,  as 
Pomona  and  Flora  ought  always  to  be 
companions,  and  fruits  and  flowers 
should  lend  a  charm  and  lustre  to  each 
other,  as  Van  Huysum  and  all  great 
flower  painters  afford  us  the  example 
in  their  works. 


On  the  Laying  out.  Planting,  and  Ma- 
naging  Cemeteries,  8fc.  By  J.  C. 
Loudon. 

THIS  very  useful  and  well-written 
treatise  may  be  considered  as  being 
divided  under  two  heads, — the  useful, 
the  ornamental.  The  former  showing 
the  best  means  of  preventing  the  evil 
consequences  that  arise  from  the  com- 
mon methods  of  burial,  in  the  over- 
crowded state  of  churchyards  and 
cemeteries,  the  want  of  attention  to 
drainage,  and  other  causes  which  en- 
danger the  health  and  safety  of  the 
living ;  the  second,  which  comes  under 
the  province  of  landscape  gardening, 
affording  information  for  the  ornament 
and  decoration  of  large  public  burial 
grounds  and  churchyards,  agreeably 
to  good  taste  and  to  the  preservation 
of  the  proper  and  peculiar  character 
of  the  places.  On  both  these  points 
Mr.  Loudon  has  given  much  valuable 
instruction,  and  such  as  we  trust  will 
awaken  the  public  attention ;  for, 
though  certainly  much  has  been  done 
in  discouraging  interments  in  churches 
and  recommending  the  selection  of  bu- 
rial grounds  away  from  the  hearts  of 
crowded  cities,  and  in  the  suburban 
grounds  suitable  for  the  purpose,  yet  it 
appears  that  before  all  the  objects  are  at- 
tained which  are  requisite  to  protect  the 
health  of  the  persons  employed  in  the 
sepulture  of  the  dead,  or  of  those  re- 
siding near  the  cemeteries,  much  still 
remains  to  be  amended  ;  as,  for  in- 
stance, the  practice  of  leaving  cofiins 
in  open  vaults,  merely  closing  the 
cell  with  ironwork  (p.  iii.)  and  of  in- 
terring a  number  of  bodies  in  the 
same  grave  without  having  a  su£5cient 
depth  of  earth  over  each  to  absorb  the 


1843.1       Rkvibw.— Pa/?er^  of  the  Lincolnshire  Top.  Society. 


173 


greater  part  of  the  gases  of  decompo- 
sition. In  these  and  other  like  in- 
stances Mr.  Loudon  has  judiciously 
observed,  that  the  improvement  in  the 
mode  of  burying  has  been  very  trifling, 
and  that  a  thorough  reformation  is 
required  ;  and  he  adds,  "  Unless  this 
takes  place,  it  is  not  difficult  to  fore- 
see that  new  cemeteries  yr'iW  soon  cease 
to  be  wholesome  places  of  recreation, 
more  especially  such  as  are  on  level 
ground,  or  are  surrounded  with  high 
walls  and  thick  belts  of  plantation, 
which  exclude  the  action  of  the  wind 
on  the  interior  surface."  The  re- 
formation which  Mr.  Loudon  recom- 
mends is  to  seal  up  all  coffins  deposited 
in  catacombs  and  vaults  hermetically 
with  Roman  cement,  and  to  leave  a 
stratum  of  six  feet  of  earth  over  every 
coffin,  covered  with  a  protecting  stone. 
To  show  how  complete  this  treatise  is, 
and  how  every  branch  of  the  subject  is 
considered,  we  shall  add  that  the  plan 
is  in  its  divisions  as  follows:  l.The 
use  of  cemeteries.  2.  The  laying  out, 
building,  and  planting  cemeteries.  3. 
The  working  and  management  of  ditto. 
4.  The  innovations  suggested  relative 
to  the  selection  of  ground,  mode  of 
performing  funerals,  &c.  5.  Design 
for  a  cemetery  of  moderate  extent,  ex- 
emplified in  one  now  being  formed  at 
Cambridge.  6.  Design  for  a  ditto 
on  hilly  ground.  7*  The  present  state 
of  the  London  cemeteries,  considered 
chiefly  as  cemetery  gardens.  8. 
Country  churchyards,  their  present 
state  and  means  of  improvement.  9. 
List  of  trees,  shrubs,  and  herbaceous 
plants  adapted  for  cemeteries.  This 
last  division  is  as  full  and  perfect  as 
it  could  well  be  made,  and  occupies 
about  twenty  pages ;  the  suggestions 
given  in  it  are  very  judicious,  and  de- 
mand the  attention  of  those  to  whom 
the  designing  and  planting  cemeteries 
is  entrusted.  The  cemetery  at  Kensal 
Green  requires  great  alteration  and 
improvement  in  this  respect.  There 
are  no  less  than  sixty  engravings  in 
the  volume,  and  we  wish  to  point  out 
one,  p.  68,  giving  a  view  of  the  South 
Metropolitan  Cemetery  as  it  now 
stands,  and  the  succeeding  one,  in 
which  Mr.  Loudon  has  suggested  the 
alterations  which  the  character  of  the 
place  requires,  as  calculated  to  de- 
cidedly prove  the  good  taste  and  good 
itase  that  he  has  brought  to  the  sub* 


ject.  As  regards  trees  proper  for  the 
decoration  of  these  sepulchres  of  the 
dead,  we  have  only  to  express  our 
wish  that  the  old  yew  tree  of  our  fore- 
fathers should  still  retain  its  situation 
of  honour,  notwithstanding  the  intro- 
duction of  so  many  other  evergreen 
trees  from  foreign  countries  of  late 
years  ;  because,  in  the  first  place>  it  is 
most  suitable  in  character ;  secondly, 
because  of  all  evergreen  trees  it  best 
bears  transplantation,  even  when  se- 
veral centuries  old ;  thirdly,  because 
of  all  European  trees  it  attains  the 
greatest  longevity ;  and  lastly,  because 
it  is  not  so  subject  to  be  uprooted  and 
blown  down  in  high  winds  and  tem- 
pests as  the  cedars  of  Lebanon  and  the 
pine  and  fir  tribe.  We  do  not  recom- 
mend it  exclusively,  but  we  wish  it  to 
retain  the  foremost  and  favourite 
place,  and  still  to  preserve  the  appel- 
lation of  "the  tree  consecrated  to 
the  dead." 


A  Selection  of  Papers  relative  to  the 
County  of  Lincoln,  read  before  the 
Lincolnshire  Topographical  Society, 
1841,  1842.  Small  4to.  pp.  114. 
LINCOLNSHIRE  is  a  county  re- 
specting  which  but  little  has  been  pub- 
lished in  comparison  to  its  magnitude 
and  importance ;  and  the  city  of  Lin- 
coln itself,  once  one  of  the  principal 
cities  in  England,  forms  a  subject  of 
local  history  so  worthy  of  attention, 
and  so  certain  to  reward  the  labours  of 
a  skilful  and  diligent  investigation, 
that,  sincerely  as  we  should  welcome  in 
every  direction  an  efi^ort  to  advance 
the  topography  and  particular  history 
of  our  country,  we  receive  with  pe- 
culiar satisfaction  this  evidence  of 
some  interest  being  taken  in  such 
matters  in  this  too  long  neglected 
field,* 

*  We  find  the  following  lamentable  ad- 
mission in  Mr.  Nicholson* s  paper  in  this 
volume  :  **  Formerly  discoveries  (made 
in  and  near  Lincoln)  were  recorded  in  the 
Transactions  of  the  Antiquarian  Society  ; 
but  it  is  a  remarkable  fact  that,  for  up- 
wards of  forty  years,  not  one  communica- 
tion has  been  made  from  Lincoln  of  any 
of  the  innumerable  objects  of  local  anti- 
quity which  have  been  discoveredi  and 
have  almost  invariably  been  destroyed, 
during  that  period.''  We  may  add,  how- 
ever, that  the  Gentleman's  Magasine  has 
not  been  so  entirely  deficient  in  proMrr* 


174 


IIeview. — Daili/  Service,  ivUh  Plain-Tune* 


[Aug. 


The  papers  contained  in  this  first 
publication  of  the  Society,  are  seven, 
namely. — 

1.  An  opening  Address,  by  £.  J. 
Willson,  F.S.A. 

2.  The  Geology  of  Lincoln  ;  by  the 
late  Mr.  William  Bedford. 

3.  The  Malandry  Hospital  for 
Lepers ;  by  W.  D.  Cookson,  M.D. 

4.  Leprosy  of  the  Middle  Ages  ;  by 
the  same. 

5.  Temple  Bruer,  and  its  Knights  ; 
by  the  Rev.  George  Oliver,  D.D. 

6.  The  advantage  of  recording  the 
discovery  of  Local  Antiquities ;  by  W. 
A.  Nicholson,  F.R.LA. 

7.  Tattershall  Castle ;  by  the  same. 

The  most  elaborate  and  original  pa- 
pers appear  to  be  those  by  Dr.  Cook- 
son,  and  they  will  be  found  generally 
interesting  in  illustration  of  a  subject 
which  attaches  itself  to  innumerable 
other  sites  throughout  the  country. 

Of  the  ruins  at  Temple  Bruer, 
where  was  one  of  the  Round  Churches, 
a  plan  is  given  :  the  roof  of  the  church 
was  supported  upon  eight  columns,  as 
at  Cambridge  (see  the  plan  accompa- 
nying Mr.  Essex's  paper  on  Round 
Churches,  in  the  Archseologia,  vol.  vi. 
p.  173.) 

Four  plates  accompany  Dr.  Oliver's 
account  of  Tattershall  Castle.  We 
cannot  say,  however,  that  we  think 
the  engravings,  on  the  whole,  particu- 
larly attractive ;  and,  without  in  any 
degree  suggesting  the  sacrifice  of  uti- 
lity to  decoration  in  this  particular,  we 
shall  be  glad  to  find  improvement  in 
the  Society's  next  work. 

The  Order  of  Daily  Service,  the  Li- 
iany,  and  Order  of  the  Administration 
of  the  Holy  Communion,  with  Plain- 
tune,  according  to  the  use  of  the 
United  Church  of  England  and  Ire- 
land, sm.  4(0, 

THIS  is  one  of  the  most  splendid 
and  at  the  same  time  most  original 
works  of  its  kind  which  has  issued 
from  the  press  for  a  long  period.  In 
design  and  execution  it  is  equally  ex- 


ing  such  records,  and  we  may  refer  par- 
ticularly to  the  interesting  view  of  the 
Roman  Western  Gate,  given  in  our  num^ 
her  for  June,  1836,  to  a  timber  house  in 
that  for  June  1839,  and  to  Roman  in- 
scriptions in  those  for  Jan.  1840  and  Oct. 
194^. 


cellent ;  indeed  as  a  specimen  of  typo- 
graphy it  may  be  said  to  be  almost 
unrivalled.  It  is  printed  throughout 
in  red  and  black  ;  all  the  capitals  and 
first  letters  are  in  red,  and  the  musical 
lines  as  well ;  the  form  of  the  capital 
letters  also  is  very  ornamental.  Each 
page  is  surrounded  by  a  wood-cut 
border  of  very  elegant  design,  printed  in 
black,  the  effect  of  which  is  at  once 
striking,  and,  from  the  contrast  which 
it  presents,  very  pleasing  to  the  eye. 

The  volume  contains  the  whole  mu- 
sical service  in  plain-tune,  as  gene- 
rally used  in  the  different  cathedrals  at 
the  present  time,  and  in  addition  some 
other  parts  of  the  musical  notation, 
which,  although  not  all  generally 
adopted,  are  nevertheless  interesting 
in  an  antiquarian  point  of  view.  This 
musical  service  is  taken  from  two 
works,  (with  the  necessary  alterations 
in  order  to  adapt  it  to  our  present 
ritual,)  the  first  of  which  appeared  in 
1544,  under  the  authority  of  Henry 
VIII.  entitled,  "  An  Exhortacion  unto 
Praier  thought  mete  by  the  Kynges 
Majestic  and  his  Clergie  to  be  read. 
Also  a  Litany  with  Suffrages,  to  be 
sayd  or  sung,  T.Berthelet,  1544."  To 
this  Litany  the  musical  service  pub- 
lished in  the  present  volume,  and 
which  is  still  used  in  our  cathedrals, 
was  set.  The  second  of  these  works 
was  published  in  1550,  shortly  after 
the  issue  of  the  first  service-book  of 
Edward  VI.  containing  a  manual  of 
plain-tune  for  the  performance  of 
matins,  even-song,  the  o£5ce  of  the 
Holy  Communion,  and  the  Burial  of 
the  Dead,  compiled  by  John  Mar- 
beche,  for  the  use  of  the  chapel  royal, 
and  entitled,  "  The  Book  of  Common 
Praier  noted." 

The  preface  to  the  present  work  is 
drawn  up  by  the  editor,  Mr.  William 
Dyce,  in  a  very  ingenious  manner,  and 
displays  much  research  and  informa- 
tion. Mr.  Dyce  has  given  a  very  good 
and  clear  account  of  what  is  called 
plain-tune,  which  will  be  more  intel- 
ligible perhaps  to  those  of  our  readers 
who  are  not  learned  in  music,  under 
the  name  of  chanting.  Plain-tune 
appears  to  be  of  four  kinds  :  it  is  a 
mode  of  intonating,  chanting,  and  sing, 
ing  in  the  church,  which  implies  an 
adherence  to  certain  rules,  and,  to  a 
great  extent,  the  use  of  certain  well* 
known  melodies  that  are  severally  ap- 


1843.] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


175 


propriated  to  particular  parts  of  the 
service.  There  is,  in  fact,  one  species 
of  plain-song  for  such  parts  of  the 
offices  as  are  read,  another  for  those 
that  are  chanted  antiphonally,  a  third 
for  anthems,  the  creeds,  and  hymns  in 
prose,  such  as  the  "  Te  Deum," 
*'  Gloria  in  excelsis,"  &c.  and  a  fourth 
for  metrical  hymns.  The  first  two 
kinds  may  be  termed  chants  or  intona- 
tions, in  which  there  is,  more  or  less, 
a  perpetually  recurring  burden ;  the 
latter  two  may  be  termed  melodies. 
The  former  differ  from  one  another, 
as  well  in  the  sounds  employed  as  in 
manner  of  their  use — the  use  of  the 
one  being  mainly  regulated  by  the 
real  punctuation  and  the  sense  of  the 
words  ;  that  of  the  other,  by  the  arti- 
ficial division  of  the  psalms  into 
verses  and  half-verses.  Of  the  one 
kind  of  intonation  there  are  five  prin- 
cipal sorts  ;  of  the  other  eight — or,  if 
the  chants  for  litanies  be  included 
under  the  second  head,  several  more. 
The  third  and  fourth  species  of  plain- 
song  are  characterised  by  the  want  of 
the  continually  recurring  endings  pe- 
culiar to  the  intonated  manner  of  read- 
ing and  chanting  ;  being,  in  fact,  airs 
or  melodies  that  follow  the  course  of 
the  words,  whether  in  prose  or  verse, 
and  which  are  accordingly  sung  to 
those  words  only.  Some  of  these  me- 
lodies are  of  great  antiquity,  as  for  ex- 
ample, thatof  theTeDeum,  attributed 


to  St.  Ambrose  and  Augustine ;  but  it 
has  been  the  custom  of  the  Church  to 
allow  composers  of  every  successive 
age  to  exercise  their  skill  in  the  parts 
of  her  offices  to  which  these  two 
kinds  of  plain-song  are  appropriated  ; 
and  this  license,  Mr.  Dyce  observes, 
must  be  understood  to  apply  to  the 
melodies  in  the  present  work. 

We  understand  the  Psalter,  which 
will  complete  this  unique  work,  is  nearly 
ready  for  publication.  With  this  is 
to  be  given  (together  with  an  explana- 
tory preface)  an  appendix,  comprising 
the  burial  service,  as  noted  by  John 
Marbeche,  together  with  the  Benedic- 
tus,  and  other  portions  of  ancient 
music  contained  in  his  book.  The 
work  will  thus  comprise  all  the  music 
of  Marbeche's  publication  (which  was 
adapted  to  the  first  Prayer  Book  of 
Edward  VI.)  and  will  likewise  be  a 
complete  edition  of  our  present  Church 
service. 

We  cannot  conclude  without  ex- 
pressing our  earnest  hope  that  the 
spirited  and  enterprising  publisher, 
who  has  done  so  much  for  sacred 
literature,  will  meet  with  such  a 
reward  for  his  exertions  in  bringing 
out  the  present  work,  as  may  stimulate 
him  to  produce  other  publications  dis- 
tinguished by  equal  correctness  and 
elegance  of  design,  and  admirable 
execution. 


Immanueh  or,  God  with  us,  A  series 
of  Lectures  on  the  Divinity  and  Humanity 
of  our  Lord,  By  R.  Bingham,  M.A, 
Curate  of  Trinity  Churchy  Gosport,  Svo, 
pp,  xi,  410. — This  volume,  as  its  title 
intimates,  embraces  a  variety  of  subjects, 
and  may  serve  as  a  compendium  to  such 
readers  as  have  not  time  or  means  for  an 
extensive  course.  The  quotations  which 
are  given  from  other  writers,  Fathers,  Re- 
formers, and  modern  divines,  will  increase 
its  value  in  that  respect.  In  a  didactic 
point  of  view,  it  is  useful,  and  in  a  critical 
one,  respectable.  The  topic  on  which 
the  greatest  diversity  of  opinion  will  be 
found  among  its  readers,  is  the  descent 
into  hell,  the  author's  views  of  which  in- 
cline to  those  of  Bishop  Horsley.  We 
learn  from  the  preface  that  he  is  descended 
from  the  celebrated  writer  on  Christian 
Antiquities  of  the  same  name,  a  circum- 
stance  too  interesting  to  be  omitted.  The 
following  passage  in  the  preface  is  worth 


the  attention  of  students  in  general ;  when 
speaking  of  his  numerous  other  occupa- 
tions, the  author  says,  '*  I  have  effected 
my  purpose,  I  trust,  under  the  Divine 
blessing,  by  never  being  idlCj  by  making 
use  of  the  shreds  of  time  and  the  passing 
of  hours,  which  were  chiefly  devoted  to 
regular  and  stated  avocations.  Perhaps 
the  more  we  have  to  do  the  more  we  are 
able  to  accomplish,  and  those  who  have 
but  little  time,  know  best  how  to  value 
and  redeem  it.**  (p.  v.) 

Collectanea  Antigua,  No,  L  Etchings 
of  Ancient  Remains^  illustrative  of  the 
Habits^  Customs^  and  History  qf  Past 
Ages,  By  Charles  Roach  Smith,  F.S  A, 
one  of  the  Secretaries  of  the  Numismatic 
Society f  S[c,  8vo. — Eight  plates,  contain- 
ing, 1,  2.  Roman  glass  vessels,  in  the 
museum  at  Boulogne  sur  Mer ;  3,  4. 
Bronze  fibulse,  &c.  and  pottery,  found 
at  Etaples,  Pas  de  Calais.    Four  of  the 


176 


Fhie  Arts. 


[Aug. 


pots  are  inscribed,  one  with  ave.  Hail ! 
another  with  bibe.  Drink  1  the  third 
with  IMPLE,  Fill !  and  the  fourth  appa- 
rently with  VIVAS,  Your  good  health ! 
plates  5  and  6  are  British  and  Roman 
coins  found  in  Kent;  7,  Gold  British  or 
Gaulic  coins  found  at  Bognor  and  Alfris- 
ton  in  Sussex  ;  and  8.  a  Gallo-Roman 
votive  altar,  now  the  baptismal  font  in 
the  church  of  Halinghen,  Pas  de  Calais. 
The  inscription  on  this  extraordinary  re- 
lic IBf 

EIDEO  lOVI 

vicvs 

DOLVCENS 

CVVITALIS 

PRISC. 

which  has  been  variously  interpreted  by 


different  French  antiquaries.  The  word 
EIDEO  is  apparently  the  name  of  a  local 
deity  associated  with  Jupiter,  and  it  is 
remarkable  that  three  altars  have  been 
found  dedicated  to  Jupiter  Dolichenus, 
which  name  has  some  apparent  connection 
with  the  word  dolvcens.  As,  however, 
we  are  unable  to  elucidate  the  matter,  we 
will  refer  the  curious  antiquary  to  Mr. 
Smith's  own  description,  in  which  he  has 
discussed  at  length  this  subject,  as  well 
as  those  of  his  other  plates.  The  having 
been  at  the  pains  to  make  these  etchings 
with  his  own  hands,  is  characteristic  of 
his  usual  zeal  and  perseverance,  and  the 
antiquarian  world  may  well  wish  that  they 
possessed  more  members  equally  active 
with  Mr.  Roach  Smith. 


FINE   ARTS. 


THE    COMPETITION    CARTOONS. 

The  Cartoons  prepared  in  pursuance  of 
the  directions  of  the  Commissioners  of 
Pine  Arts  are  now  exhibited  to  public 
view  in  Westminster  Hall ;  having  been 
visited  on  the  20th  June  by  her  Majesty, 
accompanied  by  Prince  Albert,  the  King 
and  Queen  of  the  Belgians,  &c.  The 
judges  were  the  Marquess  of  Lansdowne, 
Sir  R.  Peel,  Mr.  S.  Rogers,  Mr.  R. 
Westmacott,  Mr.  R.  Cook,  and  Mr.  W. 
Etty  ;  and  their  award  is  as  follows.  It 
will  be  seen  that,  although  several  acade- 
micians have  competed,  none  are  included 
among  the  fortunate  competitors.  The 
undermentioned  classes  constitute  the 
only  gradations  of  merit  upon  which  the 
judges  have  been  called  upon  to  de- 
termine : 

Prizes  of  Three  Hundred  Pounds. 

C«sar*s  First  Invasion  of  Britain.  Mr. 
E.  Armitage,  George-street,  Adelphi,  and 
Prestbury  Mansion,  Cheltenham. 

Caractacus  led  in  triumph  through  the 
streets  of  Rome.  Mr.  G.  T.  Watts, 
Robert-street,  Hampstead-road. 

First  Trial  by  Jury.  Mr.  C.  W.  Cope, 
Hyde  Park  Gardens,  Kensington -gore. 

Prizes  of  Two  Hundred  Pounds, 

St.  Augustine  preaching  to  Ethelbert 
and  Bertha,  his  Christian  Queen.  Mr. 
John  Calcott  Horsley,  Kensington  Gravel- 
pits. 

Cardinal  Bouchier  urging  the  Dowager 
Queen  of  Edw.  IV.  to  give  up  from  Sanc- 
tuary the  Duke  of  York.  Mr.  John  F. 
Bell,  School  of  Design,  Manchester. 

The  Fight  for  the  Beacon.  Mr.  H.  J. 
TQwnsend,  Blandford  Cottage,  Brompton. 
8 


Prizes  of  One  Hundred  Pounds. 

Una  alarmed  by  the  Fairies  and  Satyrs. 
Mr.  W.  E.  Frost,  Poland -street. 

Joseph  of  Arimathea  converting  the 
Britons.  Mr.  E.  T.  Parris,  Grafton- 
street. 

Boadicea  haranguing  the  Iceni.  Mr. 
H.  C.  Selous,  Camden-street  North. 

Alfred  submitting  his  Code  of  Laws 
for  the  approval  of  the  Witan.  Mr.  J. 
Bridges,  Charles-street,  Berners-street. 

Eleanor  saves  the  life  of  her  husband, 
afterwards  Edward  I.,  by  sucking  the 
poison  from  the  wound  in  his  arm.  Mr. 
J.  Severn,  21,  James -street,  Buckingham- 
gate. 

The  Commissioners  have  subsequently 
selected  the  ten  following  subjects  as  en- 
titled to  a  reward  of  100/.  each. 

Una  coming  to  seek  the  assistance  of 
Gloriana ;  an  allegory  of  the  Reformed 
Religion  seeking  the  assistance  of  Eng- 
land.— Spencer's  Faery  Queene.  Mr. 
Frank  Howard,  jun. 

The  Seven  Acts  of  Mercy.  Una  and 
the  Red  Cross  Knight  led  by  Mercy  to 
the  Hospital  of  the  Seven  Virtues.  Mr. 
G.  V.  Rippingille. 

The  Death  of  King  Lear.  Mr.  F.  R. 
Picker  sgill,  jun. 

The  Angel  Raphael  discoursing  with 
Adam. — Milton's  Paradise  Lost.  Sir  W. 
Ross,  R.A. 

Man  beset  by  contending  Passions.  Mr. 
Henry  Howard,  R.A. 

The  Brothers  releasing  the  Lady  from 
the  Enchanted  Chair.  Milton's  Comus. 
Mr.  F.  R.  Stephanoff. 

The  Brothers  driving  out  Comus  and 
his  Rabble.    Mr.  J.  C.  WaUer. 


1843.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


177 


St.  Augustine  preaching  to  the  Britons. 
Mr.  W.  C.  Thomas. 

Alfred  y  putting  on  the  habit  of  a  harper, 
went  into  the  enemy*s  camp,  where  he 
was  everywhere  admitted,  and  had  the 
honour  to  play  before  their  prince.  Hav- 
ing thus  acquired  a  great  knowledge  of 
their  situation,  he  returned  in  secresy  to 
his  nobility.     Mr.  Marshall  Claxton. 

Plague  of  London,  A.D.  1349.  The 
bishops  and  clergy  are  at  St.  Paul's  Cross, 
praying  for  the  cessation  of  the  pestilence. 
Mr.  E.  Corbould. 


Sculpture. — At  a  sale,  last  month,  at 
Christie's,  an  Amorino,  by  Canova,  late 
belonging  to  Lord  Cawdor,  was  sold  for 
290  guineas.  A  Sleeping  Beauty,  by 
Gott,  for  135  guineas.  A  bust  of  NoUe- 
kens,  by  Chantrey,  81  guineas.  Bust  of 
Home  Tooke,  by  the  same,  30  guineas. 

The  Neapolitan  sculptor,  Persico,  has 
just  completed  a  marble  group,  the  ex- 
ecution of  which  was  intrusted  to  him  by 
the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and 


which  is  destined  for  the  Capitol  at  Wash- 
ington. It  consists  of  two  figures,  one 
of  Columbus,  the  other  of  an  Indian 
woman  turning  away  from  him  with  a  look 
of  shy  curiosity.  It  is  spoken  of  in  Naples 
as  a  work  of  great  merit. 

The  model  of  the  statue  of  the  late  Very 
Rev.  Dr.  Wood,  Dean  of  Ely,  and  Master 
of  St.  John's  college,  Cambridge,  has  been 
placed  in  the  ante-chapel  of  the  college, 
for  the  purpose  of  a  site  being  selected  for 
the  statue  itself,  which  wiU  be  transferred 
to  its  final  destination  on  the  closing  of 
the  exhibition  of  the  Royal  Academy  in 
July.  The  late  venerable  head  of  St. 
John's  is  represented  in  a  sitting  posture, 
and  the  simplicity  and  earnestness  of 
character  which  distinguished  him  has 
been  caught  and  happily  expressed  by  the 
sculptor,  Mr.  Baily,  R.A.  He  is  clothed 
in  the  robes  of  a  Doctor  of  Divinity,  and 
is  in  the  attitude  of  teaching  earnestly 
from  a  book  which  he  holds.  The  artist 
receives  for  his  work  one  thousand  guineas, 
subscribed  by  members  of  the  college. 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE. 


NEW    PUBLICATIONS. 

History  and  Biography. 

Ancient  History,  remodelled  from  Rol- 
lin ;  with  Notes  and  Extracts  from  Mo- 
dern Authors.  By  Mary  Shoolbred. 
3  vols.  12mo.     15«. 

The  History  of  Etruria.  Part  I.  :  Tar- 
chun  and  his  Times,  from  the  Foundation 
of  Tarquinia  to  the  Foundation  of  Rome. 
By  Mrs.  Hamilton  Gray.  Crown  8vo. 
12*. 

Lives  of  the  Queens  of  England  from 
the  -Norman  Conquest.  By  Agnes 
Strickland.  Vol.  VI.  Queen  Eliza- 
beth.   8vo.     10».  6^?. 

Letters  of  Horace  Walpole,  Earl  of 
Orford,  to  Sir  Horace  Mann,  His  Britan- 
nic Majesty's  Resident  at  the  Court  of 
Florence  from  1760  to  1785.  Now  first 
published  from  the  Original  MSS.  Con- 
cluding Series.     2  vols.  8vo.  28«. 

Poles  (The)  in  the  Seventeenth  Cen- 
tury ;  an  Historical  Novel :  with  a  Sketch 
of  the  Polish  Cossacks.  By  Count  Hen- 
ry Krasinski,  Author  of  Vitold,  &c. 
3  vols,  post  8vo.    31«.  Sd, 

History  of  the  Eighteenth  Century.  By 
F.  C.  Schlosser.  Translated  by  David 
Davison,  M.A.  under  the  immediate  su- 
perintendence of  the  Author.  Part  I. 
8vo.    5«. 

Extracts  from  the  Municipal  Records 
of  the  City  of  York,  during  the  reigns  of 
Edward  IV.  Edward  V.  and  Richard  HI. 

Gbmt.  Mao.  Vol,  XX. 


With    Notes.      By    Robert    Davies, 
F.S.A.     8vo.  12«. 

Memoirs  of  the  Marquis  of  Pombal ; 
with  Extracts  from  his  Writings  and  from 
Despatches  in  the  State  Paper  Office, 
never  before  published.  By  John  Smith, 
Esq.  Private  Secretary  to  the  Marshal 
Marquis  de  Saldanha.     2  vols.  8vo.   2U. 

Memoir  on  the  North  Eastern  Bound- 
ary, in  connection  with  Mr.  Jay*s  Map. 
By  the  Hon.  Albert  Gallatin,  LL.D. 
Together  with  a  Speech  on  the  same  sub- 
ject, by  the  Hon.  Daniel  Webster,  LL.D. 
Secretary  of  State,  &c.  delivered  at  a 
Special  Meeting  of  the  New  York  Histo- 
rical Society,  April  15,  1843.  8vo.  Sts,  6<f. 

Nelsonian  Reminiscence :  Leaves  from 
Memory's  Log.  By  J.  S.  Parsons, 
Lieut.  R«N.     Post  8vo.     10».  6d. 

History  of  Gustavus  Vasa.  By  J.  Von 
Archenholz.  Translated  from  the  Ger- 
man, with  a  Sketch  of  the  History  of 
Sweden  to  the  present  time.  Royal  8vo. 
Is.  6d. 

Indian  Biography:  or,  an  Historical 
Account  of  those  Individuals  who  have 
been  distinguished  among  the  North  Ame- 
rican Natives,  as  Orators,  Warriors, 
Statesmen,  and  other  Remarkable  Cha- 
racters. By  B.  B.  Thatcher,  Esq. 
2  vols.     18mo.     8«. 

Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Gospel  La- 
bours of  Samuel  Fodieii^U,  with  Selec« 
dona  from  his  Correspondence:  also  an 
Acoonnt  of  the  life  and  Travels  of  hit 

9  a 


178 


New  Publications. 


[Aug. 


Father,  Jfohn  FotbergiU,  and  Notices  of 
some  of  his  Descendants.  By  George 
CmosFiELD.     8to.     6«.  6d, 

Biographical  Sketches  of  Joshua  Marsh- 
man,  D.D.  of  Serampore.     8vo.     Is,  6d, 

Memorial  of  the  Royal  Progress  in 
Scotland.  By  Sir  Thomas  Dick  Lau- 
der, Bart,  of  Fountainhall.  4to.  13  en- 
graTings  and  36  woodcuts,  42«. ;  large 
paper,  84«. 

The  Foundation  Documents  of  Merton 
Ck>llege,  Oxford.  Collected  hy  James 
Heywood,  F.R.S.  Edited  by  James 
Orchard  Halliwell,  Esq.  F.R.S. 
8to.     la. 

Politics  and  Siatistics, 

The  English  Universities,  from  the  Ger- 
man of  V.  A.  Huber,  Professor  of  Western 
Literature  at  Marburg,  an  abridged  Trans- 
lation. Edited  by  Francis  W.  New- 
man, Professor  of  .the  Greek  and  Latin 
Classics  at  Manchester  New  College. 
2  TOls.  in  3.  8vo.  52  plates.     2/.  lOs, 

The  Spirit  of  Masonry.  By  William 
Hutchenson,  F.A.S.  A  new  edition,  with 
copious  Notes,  by  the  Rev.  George 
Oliver,  D.D.     12mo.     7s.  6d. 

Piety  and  Intellect  relatively  estimated  : 
designed  especially  for  those  who,  from 
inclination  or  otherwise,  are  engaged  in 
Study.  By  Dr.  H.  Edwards,  Author  of 
*'  Reflections  for  the  Anxious  Mind,**  &c. 
fcp.  8vo.     6s.  Sd. 

Report  of  Special  Assistant  Poor  Law 
Commissioners  on  the  Employment  of 
Women  and  Children  in  Agriculture. 
8vo.     3«.  6d. 

.  The  Advantages  and  Disadvantages  of 
(lie  Feudal  System  ;  a  Prize  Essay,  read 
in  the  Sheldonian  Theatre,  Oxford,  June 
28,  1843.  By  Henry  Boothby  Barry, 
Michel  Scholar  of  Queen's  College.  8vo. 
2«.  6d. 

Wrongs  of  Woman.  By  Charlotte 
Elizabeth.     18mo.    2s. 

The  Claims  of  the  Christian  Aborigines 
of  the  Turkish  or  Osmanli  Empire  upon 
Civilized  Nations.  By  W.  F.  Ains- 
worth,  F.G.S.  F.R.G.S.     ISmo.     Is. 

Lectures  on  Physical  and  Intellectual 
Life,  delivered  before  the  Educational  So- 
ciety of  St.  Mary's,  Birmingham,  May 
1843.  By  Samuel  Wright,  M.D. 
F.R.S.  S.A.  F.B.S.     8vo.     Is, 

An  Appeal  against  Faction,  in  respect 
to  the  Concurrence  of  the  present  and  the 
late  Administrations  to  prevent  the  House 
of  Commons  from  performing  its  highest 
Duties.  By  D.  Urquhart,  Esq.  8vo.  Is. 

Observations  upon  the  present  State 
and  relative  Position  of  the  Landed,  Agri- 
cultural, and  Manufacturing  Interests  of 
Great  Britain.  By  a  Manufacturer  and 
Asricultnriat.    8vo.    U. 


Reasons  against  Grovemment  Interfer- 
ence in  Education.     8vo.     Is. 

Com  Laws ;  Strictures  on  the  Speech 
of  Lord  Ducie,  delivered  at  the  Meeting 
held  at  the  Hall  of  Commerce,  in  the 
City  of  London,  May  2y,  1843.    8vo.  6d. 

Speech  of  the  Earl  of  Powis  in  the 
House  of  Lords,  on  Tuesday,  May  23, 
1843,  on  Moving  the  Second  Reading  of 
a  Bill  for  Preventing  the  Union  of  the 
Sees  of  St.  Asaph  and  Bangor.  12mo.  6d. 

Short  Treatise  on  Life  Assurance,  with 
the  Rates  of  all  the  Offices  in  London, 
Mutual,  Mixed,  and  Proprietary,  alpha- 
betically arranged.  By  Frederic  Law- 
RANCE,  Esq.  Secretary  to  a  Life  Office. 

Travels  and  Typography, 

Excursions,  Adventures,  and  Field  Sports 
in  Ceylon ;  its  Commercial  and  Military 
Importance,  and  numerous  Advantages  to 
the  British  Emigrant.  By  Lieut. -Colonel 
Jambs  Campbell,  formerly  of  the  48th 
and  50th  Regiments.  2  vols.  8vo.  maps 
and  plates.     36^. 

Narrative  of  a  Journey  from  Heraut  to 
Khiva,  Moscow,  and  St.  Petersburg,  dur- 
ing the  late  Russian  Invasion  of  Khiva 
and  the  Kingdom  of  Khaurism.  By  Capt. 
James  Abbott,  Bengal  Artillery.  2  vols. 
8vo.  24«. 

Steam  Voyages  on  the  Seine,  the  Mo- 
selle, and  the  Rhine ;  with  Railroad  Visits 
to  the  Principal  Cities  of  Belgium,  &c. 
&c.  By  Michael  J.  Quin,  esq.  Author 
of  "  A  Steam  Voyage  down  the  Danube," 
&c.     2  vols.     Crown  &vo.  21  #. 

Reminiscences  of  Syria,  and  the  Frag- 
ments of  a  Journal  and  Letters  from  the 
Holy  Land.  By  Lieut.-Col.  E.  Napier, 
late  of  the  46th  Reg.  F.R.G.S.  2  vols. 
Post  8vo.  21». 

Residence  of  Eight  Years  in  Persia 
among  the  Nestorian  Christians,  with  No- 
tices of  the  Muhammedans.  By  the  Rev. 
Justin  Perkins.  With  a  Map  and 
Plates.     8vo.  ISs, 

Travels  in  Egypt,  Arabia  Petrsea,  and 
the  Holy  Land.  By  the  Rev.  Stephen 
Olin,  D.D.  President  of  the  Wesleyan 
University.  With  12  Illustrations  on 
Steel.     2  vols.     8vo.  IBs. 

The  New  Purchase ;  or.  Seven  Years 
and  a  Half  in  the  Far  West.  By  Robert 
Carlton,  esq.     2  vols.     12mo.  12«. 

Change  for  tHe  American  Notes:  in 
Letters  from  London  to  New  York.  By 
an  American  Lady.  Crown  Bvo.  lOs. 
Sd, 

The  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  and  the  East- 
em  Province  of  Algoa  Bay,  &c.  &c. :  with 
Statistics  of  the  Colony.  By  John 
Centlivres  Chase,  esq.  a  Settler  of 
1820.  Edited  by  Mr.  Joseph  S.  Chris- 
tophers.    12niQ.  7s,  6df. 


1843.] 


New  Publications. 


179 


Muk&at's  Handbook  forTravellera  in 
France.  With  5  Trayelling  Maps.  Post 
8vo.  12». 

The  Rhine ;  from  the  French  of  Victor 
Hugo.  Bj  D.  M.  AiKD,  Author  of  "  The 
Student's  French  Grammar.'*  4s, 

Chronicles  of  Saint  Mungo ;  or,  Anti- 
quities and  Traditions  of  Glasgow.  8vo. 
6ff. 

Fblix  Summerly* ft  Handbook  for  the 
City  of  Canterbury :  its  Historical  Asso- 
ciations, and  Works  of  Art.  With  nu- 
merous Illustrations,  and  a  Map  of  the 
City.     18mo.  5t.  6d. 

Summer  Excursions  in  the  Neighbour- 
hood of  Banff,  Vicinity  of  Duff  House, 
Bridge  of  Alva,  &c.  &c.  By  a  Deveron- 
side  Poet.  To  whidi  are  appended  some 
Notices  of  the  Works  of  Art  in  Duff 
House.     12mo.  4s. 

Poetry. 

The  Whole  Works  of  Beaumont  and 
Fletcher.  The  Text  from  a  New  Colla- 
tion of  the  early  Editions.  With  Notes, 
and  Biographical  Memoir.  By  the  Rev. 
Alexander  Dyce.  Vols.  1  to  3.  8vo. 
36s, 

The  Battle  of  Loncharty  :  an  Historical 
Poem,  in  10  Cantos:  and  the  Retired 
Lieutenant :  a  Poem.  By  John  Lake, 
Author  of  the  Comedy  of  the  *'  Golden 
Glove."     2  vols,  in  1.     8vo.  10».  6d. 

The  Poetical  Star.  By  M.  C.  Blasson, 
6s, 

The  Treasurers :  a  Play.  By  John 
Cooke,  esq.  of  Baliol,  Oxford.     8vo.  4s, 

Launcelot  of  the  Lake :  a  Tragedy,  in 
Five  Acts.  By  C.  J.  Riethmuller. 
8vo,  4s. 

The  Hindu  Priestess  and  the  Affghan 
King  :  a  Poem  in  6  Cantos.  By  Eliza- 
beth Stewart.  Part  1,  Cantos  1,  2. 
8vo.  Ss, 

The  Evening  Walk,  and  other  Poems. 
To  which  are  added.  Leisure  Hours.  By 
Thos.  Bardel  Brindley,  Author  of 
"  The  Omnipotence  of  the  Deity,*'  &c.  3s, 

Trials  of  Taste :  a  Poem.    18mo.  2s,  6d, 

Cromwell:  a  Prize  Poem,  recited  in 
the  Theatre,  Oxford,  June  28,  1843.  By 
Matthew  Arnold,  Baliol  College. 
12mo.  U.  6d, 

NovelSf  TaleSf  8fc, 

Meredith.  By  the  Countess  of  Bles- 
8INGT0N.    3  vols.     Crowu  8vo.  3ls.  6d. 

Marmaduke  Wyvil ;  or,  the  Maid's 
Revenge:  an  Historical  Romance.  By 
H.  W.  Herbert,  esq.  Author  of  **  Oliver 
Cromwell,"  &c.    3  vols.  3\s,  6d, 

Oakleigh ;  or,  the  Minor  of  Great  Ex- 
pectations. By  W.  H.  M.  Holmes,  esq. 
3  vols.  3U.  6d. 

Tho  Circassian  Chief:   a  Romance  of 


Russia.  By  William  H.  G.  Kingston* 
esq.    3  vols.  3\s,  6d, 

Tales  of  the  Colonies ;  or,  the  Adven- 
tures of  an  'Emigrant.  Edited  by  a  late 
Colonial  Magistrate.    3  vols.    8vo.  Sis. 

The  Attach^ ;  or,  Sam  Slick  in  Eng- 
land. By  the  Author  of  **  The  Clock 
Maker,"  &c.  &c.     2  vols.     8vo.  21*. 

Traits  and  Stories  of  the  Irish  Pea- 
santry. By  William  Carleton.  With 
Illustrations.    Vol.  1.     8vo.  14#. 

Tales  of  the  Town.  By  Henry  Wal- 
FORD  BsLLAiRS,  M.A.  Perpetual  Curate 
of  St.  Thomas's,  Stockport.  5s, 

Little  Red  Riding- Hood.  An  entirely 
new  edition,  with  new  Pictures  by  an 
eminent  Artist.  Edited  by  Felix  Sum- 
merly. 4  plates,  tinted,  2s,  6d, ;  co- 
loured, 4s,  6d. 

Divinity. 

Scriptural  Communion  with  God  $  or, 
the  Holy  Bible  arranged  in  Historical 
and  Chronological  Order,  to  be  read  as 
one  connected  History  in  the  Words  of 
the  authorised  translation.  By  the  Rev. 
George  Townsend,  M.A.  Canon  of 
Durham.  Part  I.  containing  the  Sections 
for  the  Mornings  of  One  Month.  8vo.  6s. 

The  Parallel  Histories  of  Judah  and 
Israel,  with  copious  Explanatory  Notes. 
By  the  Rev.  Maximilian  Genestb, 
M.A.  Incumbent  of  the  Holy  Trinity, 
West  Cowes,  2  vols.  imp.  8vo.  3ls.  6d. 

The  Hexaplar  Psalter,  The  Hebrew 
Text  after  Van  der  Hooght ;  the  Greek  of 
the  LXX. ;  the  Vulgate  Latin ;  Jerome's 
Hebrew  Latin;  the  English  Liturgical 
Version,  and  the  English  Authorised  Ver- 
sion, in  Six  Parallel  Columns.  Royal 
4to.     \58. 

Book  of  Psalms,  Hebrew  and  English, 
arranged  in  parallel  columns.     Ss, 

Origines  Ecclesiasticse ;  or,  the  An- 
tiquities of  the  Christian  Church,  and 
other  Works  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Bingham, 
M.A.  in  9  vols.     Vol.  I.  8vo.   10*.  6d. 

The  Necessity  of  Reforming  the  Church 
presented  to  the  Imperial  Diet  at  Spires, 
A.D.  1544 :  to  which  is  added  a  Paternal 
Admonition  by  Pope  Paul  III.  to  the 
Emperor  Charles  V.,  and  Remarks  on  the 
Paternal  Admonition  by  John  Calvin. 
Written  in  Latin,  and  now  first  translated 
into  English.  By  H.  Beyeridge,  esq. 
Advocate.  18mo.  3s. 

Hierurgia  Anglicana,  or  Documents 
and  Extracts  illustrative  of  the  Ritual  of 
the  Church  in  England  after  the  Reforma- 
tion. Edited  by  Members  of  Cambridge 
Camden  Society.     Part  I.  8vo.  1#. 

Eusebius,  Bishop  of  Csesarea,  on  the 
Theophania,  or  Divine  Manifestation  of 
Our  Lord  and  Saviour  Jesus  Christ. 
Translated  into  English,  with  Notes  from 


180 


New  Publications, 


[Aug. 


an  ancient  Syriac  Version  of  the  Greek 
original,  now  lost.  By  Samuel  Lee, 
D.D.     8vo.  llA 

Brief  Notes  on  the  Church  of  Scotland, 
from  1555  to  1842;  with  a  Summary  of 
ber  Ecclesiastical  Government  and  Dis- 
cipline, bearing  upon  the  present  Con- 
troversy. By  E.  C.  Harington,  In- 
cumbent of  Saint  David's  Exeter.  8vo.  As. 

Proceedings  of  General  Assembly  of  the 
Free  Church  of  Scotland,  with  a  Sketch 
of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Residuary  As- 
sembly, 1843.  Edited  by  the  Rev.  John 
Baillie.     8vo.   3«.  ^d. 

An  Essay  towards  the  Conversion  of 
Learned  and  Philosophical  Hindus,  to 
which  the  Prize  offered  through  the  Lord 
Bishop  of  Calcutta  has  been  adjudged  by 
the  University  of  Oxford.  By  the  Rev. 
John  Brands  Morris,  M.A.  Fellow  of 
Exeter  College,  Oxford.     8vo.  12«. 

Parochial  Sermons.  By  the  Rev.  J. 
Garbett,  Rector  of  Clayton,  Sussex  ; 
and  Professor  of  Poetry  in  the  University 
of  Oxford.     8vo.  12«. 

Sermons  on  the  Books  of  Joel,  Jonah, 
Nahum,  Micah,  and  Habakkuk,  and  on 
some  passages  of  Isaiah  and  Ezekiel.  By 
James  Randall,  M.A.  Rector  of  Bin- 
field,  Berks.     8vo.  10*.  6(f. 

Endeavours  after  the  Christian  Life. 
A  Volume  of  Discourses  by  James  Mar- 
tine  au.     12mo.  8«.  Qd. 

Thoughts  suggested  by  the  Ecclesias- 
tical Movement  in  Scotland ;  being  a 
Discourse,  the  substance  of  which  was 
delivered  in  York  Street  Chapel,  Dublin, 
May  28,  1843.  By  William  Urwick, 
D.D.     8vo.     U. 

An  Essay  on  the  Profession  of  Personal 
Religious  Conviction,  and  upon  the  Sepa- 
ration of  Church  and  State.  From  the 
French  of  Professor  Vinet,  of  Geneva. 
By  Charles  Theodore  Jones.  8vo.  9«. 

The  Rector  in  Search  of  a  Curate.  By 
a  Churchman.  (A  Series  of  Essays.) 
Post  8vo.  9*. 

The  Thirty-nine  Articles  of  the  Church 
of  England  explained.  By  the  Rev. 
James  F.  Dimock,  M.A.  Curate  of  Stil- 
ton, Huntingdonshire.  Vol.  I.  8vo. 
7».  6rf. 

The  Judgment  and  the  Kingdom  of 
Christ,  being  Lectures  during  Lent,  1843, 
at  St.  George's  Bloomsbury,  by  Twelve 
Clergymen.  With  a  Preface,  by  the  Rev. 
E.  Bickersteth,  Rector  of  Watton. 
12mo.     Is, 

Historical  Geographical  Account  of 
Palestine  in  the  time  of  Christ  ;  or,  the 
Bible  Student's  Help  to  a  thorough 
Knowledge  of  Scripture.  By  D.  J.  F. 
Rohz.  Translated  with  Notes,  by  the 
Rev.  D.  EsDAiLE.  (Biblical  Cabinet, 
Tol.  43.)    8yo.  6*, 


Sermons  on  Christian  Experience.  By 
the  Rev.  F.  G.  Grossman,  late  of  Trinity 
College,  Oxon.     12mo.  6«. 

The  Truth  as  it  is  in  Jesus,  in  Essays 
and  Letters  on  the  Doctrines  of  the  Gos- 
pel and  Christian  Experience.  By  John 
HupTON.     5*.  6<?. 

An  Essay  on  the  Miracles  recorded  in 
the  Ecclesiastical  History  of  the  Middle 
Ages.  By  J.  H.  Newman,  B.D.  Fellow 
of  Oriel  College.     8vo.  5«. 

Practical  Exposition  of  the  Epistle  to 
the  Philippians:  in  Twelve  Discourses, 
delivered  at  Cambridge  in  1801  and  1802  ; 
to  which  are  added  several  Sermons.  By 
the  late  Rev.  Robert  Hall,  A.M.  From 
Short-hand  Notes  by  John  Greene,  Au- 
thor of  "  Reminiscences  of  the  late  Rev. 
Robert  Hall."     As.  6d. 

Course  of  Sermons  adapted  to  awaken 
the  Soul,  and  conduct  it  through  a  State 
of  Grace  to  the  State  of  Glory  ;  addressed 
to  his  Parishioners.  By  Thos.  Knowles, 
B.A.  Rector  of  South  Somercotes,  Lin- 
colnshire.    12mo.  As.  6d. 

Ay  ton  Priory,  or  the  Restored  Monas- 
tery. By  the  Rev.  John  Mason  Neale, 
B.A.  author  of  **  Herbert  Tresham,"  &c. 
As. 

historical  and  Practical  Exposition  of 
the  Catechism  of  the  Church  of  England. 
By  the  Rev.  Thomas  Halton,  M.A. 
Curate  of  Liverpool.     4*. 

The  Rule  based  on  the  Word  of  God 
for  the  Calculation  of  Time  in  the  Pro- 
phecies of  the  Old  and  New  Testament. 
By  a  Graduate  of  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge.   35.  6d. 

Shiloh's  Sceptre ;  or  the  Signs  of  the 
Times  in  connection,  with  the  Pre-Millen- 
nial  Reign  of  Christ.  By  the  Rev.  Thos. 
Watson,  Minister  of  St.  Phillip's,  Gran- 
ville Square.     3s.  6d. 

A  Voice  of  Warning  to  the  Church,  or 
the  Integrity  of  her  Articles  vindicated  ; 
wherein  the  views  of  the  Reformed  English 
Church,  and  her  early  Fathers,  on  the 
subject  of  Baptismal  Regeneration,  are 
faithfully  exhibited.  By  the  Rev.  John 
Spurgin,  Vicar  of  Hockham,  Norfolk. 
8vo.    2*.  Sd. 

Catechism  on  the  Common  Prayer.  By 
the  Rev.  Alexander  Watson,  M.A. 
Curate  of  St.  John's,  Cheltenham.  18mo. 
25.  6d. 

A  Charge  delivered  at  his  Second 
Triennial  Visitation  in  the  Cathedral 
Church  of  St.  Greorge,  Madras,  on  All 
Saints'-day,  1842,  and  in  St.  Peter's 
Church,  Colombo,  on  January  27,  1843. 
By  George  Trevor  Spencer,  D.D. 
Lord  Bishop  of  Madras.     8vo.    ^s.  6d. 

Lectures  for  the  Times  :  Tractarianism 
and  Popery  ;  being  a  Course  of  Lectures 
delivered  at  Surrey  Chapel.    By  the  Rev, 


1843.] 


New  Publications* 


181 


John  Gumming,  A.M.  Minister  of  the 
Scotch  Churchi  Coyent  Garden.     12mo. 

Female  Missions  in  India ;  from  a 
Missionary's  wife  abroad  to  a  friend  in 
England.  BjMrs.  Weitbrecht.  18mo. 
2«. 

The  Romish  Re-action,  and  its  present 
Operation  on  the  Church  of  England. 
By  Henry  Soames,  M.A.  Author  of 
••  The  History  of  the  Reformation.**  8vo. 
2*. 

Family  Prayers,  arranged  as  a  Weekly 
Course  from  the  Liturgy  ;  with  a  Scriptu- 
ral Calendar.  By  the  Hon.  and  Rev. 
Samuel  Best,  M.A.     12mo.  2s, 

Sermon  preached  in  St.  Paul's,  May  11, 
1843,  at  the  Festiyal  of  the  Sons  of  the 
Clergy.  By  the  Very  Rev.  George 
Butler,  D.D.  Dean  of  Peterborough. 
8yo.     Is.  6d. 

The  Holy  Eucharist,  a  Comfort  to  the 
Penitent :  a  Sermon  preached  before  the 
University  in  the  Cathedral  Church  of 
Christ,  in  Oxford,  on  the  Fourth  Sunday 
after  Easter.  By  the  Rev.  E.  B.  Pusey, 
Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew,  &c.  8vo. 
Is,  6d, 

Protestant  Non-conformity,  in  its  rela- 
tion to  Learning  and  Piety  ;  an  Inaugural 
Discourse,  delivered  at  the  opening  of  the 
Lancashire  Independent  College.  By 
Robert  Vaughan,  D.D.  President  of 
the  College,  and  Professor  of  Theology. 
8vo.     Is.  6d. 

The  Duty  of  Young  Men  in  Times  of 
Controversy ;  a  Sermon.  By  W.  Sewell, 
B.D.  preached  before  the  University  of 
Oxford,  May  29,  1843  ;  being  the  Anni- 
versary of  the  Restoration.     8vo.     1^.6^. 

A  Sermon  on  Galatians,  i.  6 — 12, 
preached  in  the  Temple  Church,  June  II, 
1843.  By  Christopher  Benson,  M.A. 
Master  of  the  Temple.     8vo.     Is. 

Sermon  preached  on  the  Day  of  Our 
Blessed  Lord's  Ascension,  1843,  before 
the  University  of  Oxford,  in  the  Ca- 
thedral Church.  By  Thomas  Edward 
Morris,  M.A.  Student  and  Tutor  of 
Christ  Church.     8vo.     Is. 

On  the  Influence  of  Practical  Piety  in 
promoting  the  Temporal  and  Eternal 
Happiness  of  Mankind  :  a  Prize  Essay, 
which  obtained  one  of  Mrs.  Denyer*s 
Theological  Prizes,  June  1843.  By  the 
Rev.  Frederick  Poynder,  M.A.  Wad- 
ham  College.     8vo.     Is. 

Oral  Teaching  not  Oral  Tradition  in 
things  necessary  to  Salvation,  the  Doctrine 
of  Scripture,  Reason  and  Antiquity.  By 
the  Rev.  C.  C.  Townsend,  A.M.  Rector 
of  Kilmachabea,  Diocese  of  Ross.  1 8mo. 
If. 

Law, 

Guide  to  Magistrates  out  of  Sessions, 


including  a  Digest  of  the  Poor  Laws, 
with  practical  Forms  of  Orders,  Commit- 
ments, and  Convictions.  By  Edward 
E.  Deacon,  Esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
Barrister-at-Law.     2  vols.     8vo.    2/.  2«. 

Practical  Treatise  on  Actions  at  Law ; 
embracing  the  subjects  of  Notice  of 
Action,  Limitation  of  Actions,  necessary 
Parties  to,  and  proper  Forms  of  Actions. 
By  Rowland  Jay  Browne,  Esq.  of 
Lincoln's  Inn,  Special  Pleader.  8vo.  I6s. 

Code  of  Practice  of  the  High  Court  of 
Chancery.  By  Thomas  Kennedy,  a 
Solicitor  of  the  Court.     12mo.     I2s. 

The  Law  and  Practice  relating  to 
Criminal  Information,  and  Informations 
in  the  Nature  of  Quo  Warranto ;  with 
Forms  of  the  Pleadings  and  Proceedings. 
By  W.  R.  Cole,  Esq.  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  Barrister-at-Law.     12mo.     I2#. 

A  Condensed  Commentary  on  the  Re- 
gistration of  Voters*  Act,  6  Vict.  cap.  18. 
By  Standish  Grove  Grady,  Esq.  of 
the  Middle  Temple,  Barrister-at-Law. 
12mo.     6s. 

The  Act  to  Amend  the  Law]  for  the 
Registration  of  Voters,  with  a  popular 
analytical  Introduction,  and  a  full  and 
complete  Index.  By  Charles  Grevile 
Prideaux,  esq.  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  Barris- 
ter-at-Law. 12mo.  3s.  6d. 

The  Registration  of  Voters  Act,  with 
Notes,  and  Forms,  and  copious  Index. 
By  Charles  Wordsworth,  esq.  of  the 
Inner  Temple,  Barrister-at-Law.  8vo« 
3*.  6d. 

Law  of  Distress^or  Rent  on  Property 
not  the  Tenant's  considered  and  con- 
demned :  including  a  Report  of  the  recent 
Case,  Joule  v.  Jackson,  with  Remarks 
thereon,  &c.  I2mo.  5s. 

Treatise  on  the  Replication  de  Injuria. 
By  W.  T.  Kime,  esq.  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  Special  Pleader.  12mo.  4s. 

The  Law  of  Wreck  considered  with  a 
view  to  its  Amendment.  By  William 
Palmer,  Barrister  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
and  Gresham  Lecturer  in  Law.  8vo.  2«,  6d, 

Medicine, 

•  ■ 

Treatise  on  Food  and  Diet.  By  Jona- 
than Pereira,  M.D.  F.R.S.  L.S.  8vo. 
\6s. 

Some  Account  of  the  AMcan  Remit- 
tent Fever  which  occurred  on  board 
H.M.S.  Wilberforce,  in  the  River  Niger. 
By  Morris  Pritchett,  M.D.  F.R.G.S, 
&c.  Crown  8vo.  7s.  6d. 

Neurypnology :  or,  the  Rationale  of 
Nervous  Sleep  considered  in  relation  with 
Animal  Magnetism  :  illustrated  by  nume- 
rous cases  of  its  successful  application  to 
the  Relief  and  Cure  of  Disease.  By 
James  Braid,  M.R.C.S.E.  5s, 

A  Medical  Visit  to  Grafenberg,  in  April 


182 


New  Publications, 


[Aug. 


and  May  1^43,  for  the  purpose  of  investi- 
gating the  Merits  of  the  Water  Core 
Treatment.  By  Sir  Chablss  Scuda- 
MO&E,  M.D.  F.R.S.  8to.  4«. 

The  Medical  Friend ;  or,  Adnee  for  the 
Preaerration  of  Health.  By  Jambs  Pax- 
ton,  M.D.  18mo.  2«.  6</. 

Facts  and  Observations  relative  to  the 
Influence  of  Manufactures  upon  Health 
and  Life.  By  Daniel  Noble,  M.R.C.S. 
8to.  3f.  6J. 

Hydropathy  :  the  Principles,  Theory, 
and  Practice  of  the  Water  Cure  shewn  to 
be  in  accordance  with  Medical  Science, 
and  the  Teachings  of  Common  Sense.  By 
Dr.  E.  Johnson.  12mo.  5«.  Qd, 

Tribute  to  Hydropathy.  By  J.  E. 
Eabdley  Wilmot,  esq.  Barrister-at- 
Law.  32mo.  \s. 

A  Few  Pages  on  Hydropathy,  or  the 
Cold  Water  System.  By  Thomas  J. 
Gbaham,  M.D.  8vo.  8<f. 

Science  and  Artn. 

Astronomy  and  Scripture,  or  some 
Illustrations  of  that  Science,  and  of  the 
Solar,  Lunar,  Stellar,  and  Terrestrial 
Phenomena  of  Holy  Writ.  By  the  Rev. 
T.  MiLNBB,  M.A.  Author  of  '*  The  His- 
tory of  the  Seven  Churches  of  Asia,''  &c. 
Fscp.  7*. 

An  Account  of  some  remarkable  appli- 
cations of  the  Electric  Fluid  to  the  Useful 
Arts.    By  Mr.  Alex.  Bain.  8vo.  4«. 

Electrical  Magazine.  Conducted  by 
Mr.  Charles  V.  Walker.  No.  I. 
(Quarterly,)  8vo.  2«.  6rf. 

Photogenic  Manipulation.  By  George 
Thomas  Fisher,  Jun.  18mo.  sewed  1«. 

Natural  History  f  Sfc, 

The  Muck  Manual :  a  Practical  Trea- 
tise on  the  Nature  and  Value  of  Manures, 
founded  on  experiments  on  various  crops. 
For  the  use  of  Farmers.  By  F.  Falk- 
nbr,  esq.  and  the  Author  of  **  British 
Husbandry."  Ss,  6rf. 

The  Culture  of  the  Grape  Vine  and  the 
Orange  in  Australia  and  New  Zealand ; 
comprising  Historical  Notices,  Instruc- 
tions for  Planting  and  Cultivation.  By 
George  SuTTOR,  F.L.S.  Crown  8vo.  6*. 

Flora  Odorata ;  a  Characteristic  Ar- 
rangement of  the  Sweet-scented  Flowers 
and  Shrubs  cultivated  in  the  Gardens  of 
Great  Britain.  By  Frederick  T.  Mott. 
18mo.  38. 

An  Inaugural  Lecture  on  Botany  con- 
sidered as  a  Science  and  as  a  branch  of 
Medical  Education,  read  in  King's  Col- 
lege, London,  May  8,  1843.  By  Edw. 
Forbes,  F.L.S.  F.B.S.  8vo.  U, 

The  Annual  Register  of  Agricultural 
Implements,  illustrated  by  numerous  wood 


engravings,  with  a  Catalogue  of  the  chief 
of  those  exhibited  at  the  Derby  Meeting, 
1843.  By  Cuthbert  W.  Johnson,  esq. 
F.R.S.  and  Jabez  Hare.  ISmo.  U. 

The  Horse- Keeper's  Guide.  By  James 
Mills,  M.V.C.S.  1#.  6d. 

^Architecture, 

Suggestions  for  the  Improvement  of 
our  Towns  and  Houses.  By  T.  J.  Mas- 
lbn,  esq.  many  years  a  Lieutenant  in  the 
Army.     8vo.     7*. 

Fine  Arts, 

Views  on  the  Nile,  from  Cairo  to  the 
Second  Cataract.  Drawn  on  Stone.  By 
George  Moore,  from  Sketches  taken  in 
1832  and  1833,  by  Owen  Jones  and  the 
late  Jules  Goury,  with  Historical  No- 
tices of  the  Monuments,  by  Samuel 
Birch.     Folio,  41,  4s, 

Characteristic  Costumes  of  Afghaunis- 
tan.  By  Capt.  Lockyer  Willis  Hart, 
22d  Reg.  Bombay  Infantry.  26  plates, 
folio,  hf-bd.  41,  4s,  ;  coloured,  10/.  lOs, 

Interiors  and  Exteriors  in  Venice.  By 
Lake  Price.  Lithographed  by  Joseph 
Nash.  26  Plates,  folio,  hf-bd.  4  gui- 
neas ;  coloured,  10  guineas. 

The  Ancient  Font  of  Little  Walsing- 
ham,  in  Norfolk,  drawn  and  illustrated, 
with  a  Descriptive  Interpretation,  by  G. 
R.  Lewis.     Part  I.  folio,  9  plates.  2U. 

Specimens  of  Furniture  in  the  Eliza- 
bethian  and  Louis  Quatorze  Styles,  adapt- 
ed for  Modern  Imitation.  By  the  late 
Mr.  T.  King.  Consisting  of  Cabinet 
Work,  Chairs,  Sofas,  &c.  folio,  48  plates, 
35s.  ;  coloured,  2/.  2s, 

Bible  Events,  First  Series ;  illustrated 
with  Pictures  designed  by  Hans  Hol- 
bein. Edited  by  Felix  Summerly.  8 
plates,  tinted,  2s.  6d. ;  coloured,  4s.  6d, 

Handbook  of  Taste  ;  or  how  to  observe 
Works  of  Art,  especially  Cartoons,  Pic- 
tures, and  Statues.    By  Fabius  Pictor, 

38. 

Music, 

The  Choral  Service  of  the  United 
Church  of  England  and  Ireland ;  being  an 
Inquiry  into  the  Liturgical  System  of  the 
Cathedral  and  Collegiate  Foundations  of 
the  Anglican  Communion.  By  the  Rev. 
John  Jebb,  A.M.  Rector  of  Peterstow, 
late  Prebendary  of  Limerick.     8vo.     I6s. 

Hymns  of  the  Church,  pointed  as  they 
are  to  be  sung  or  chanted,  with  Versi- 
cles.  Creed  of  St.  Athanasius,  Litany, 
Commandments,  &c.  as  set  to  Music  by 
Thomas  Tallis.  Arranged  for  the  Use 
of  Churches  generally,  by  Samuel  Pear- 
SALL,  of  the  Cathedral,  Lichfield.    2s, 

Music  for  the  Million,  consisting  of  the 


1843.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


183 


Worda  aad  Munc,  with  accompaniments 
for  tbe  FianofortCy  Flute,  Violin,  &c.  of 
the  most  Popular  and  Standard  Songs, 
Duets,  Glees,  &c.  By  William  Leman 
Rkdb,  esq.    8vo.     78.  6d, 

Handbook  of  the  Violin,  its  Theory  and 
Practice.  .  18mo.     Is. 

Literature  and  Language, 

Petri  Pauli  Dobree,  A.M.,  Grsecarum 
Literarum  nuper  Professoris  Regii  Adver- 
saria et  Lexicon  Rhetoricum  Cantabri- 
giense,  and  Miscellaneous  Notes  on  In- 
scriptions. Edente  Jacobo  Scholx- 
FiELD,  A.M.  GrKC.  Lit.  Prof.  Reg.  2 
vols.  8vo.     I5s, 

The  History  of  Literature ;  or,  the  Rise 
and  Progress  of  Language,  Writing,  and 
Letters,  from  the  Earliest  Ages  of  Anti- 
quity to  the  Present  Time.  By  Sir  Wil- 
liam BoTD,  A.M.  M.D.  Author  of  the 
"  Epitome  of  the  History  of  Literature,*' 
8tc.    In  4  Vols.    Vol.  1.  8vo.  9«. 

BibUograi^iical  Essay  on  the  Scrip- 
tores  Rerum  Germanicarum.  By  A. 
ASHSR.     4to.      168. 

Philological  Proofs  of  the  Original 
Unity  and  Recent  Origin  of  the  Human 
Race,  derived  from  a  Comparison  of  the 
Languages  of  Asia,  Europe,  Africa,  and 
America  ;  being  an  Inquiry  how  far  the 
differences  in  the  Languages  of  the  Globe 
are  referriUe  to  causes  now  in  operation. 
By  Abthur  Jamss  Johnes,  esq.  8yo. 
128.  Gd. 

C«8ar ;  with  Vocabulary,  Notes,  and 
Maps,  by  W.  M*  Dow  all.    12mo.     3». 

llie  Intellectual  English  Grammar  on  a 
New  and  Comprehensive  Plan.  By 
John  Turner,  Author  of  "  System  of 
Mental  Arithmetic,"  &c.  18mo.  Is.  Qd. 
.  The  Classical  Museum,  No.  I.  8vo. 
4«.     (To  be  published  Quarterly.) 

The  New  Testament  of  Our  Lord  and 
Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  in  Taylor's  System 
of  Short-Hand,  as  improved  by  George 
Odell.     12mo.     159. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  OXFORD. 

JwM  29.  The  following  gentlemen  were 
elected  to  the  Hebrew  Scholarships : — 

Kennicott, — Charles  Frederick  Secre- 
^n,  B«A.  of  Wadham  college. 

Posey  and  Ellerton, — Robert  Payne 
3mith,  M.A.  Scholar  of  Pembroke  coll. 

The  subject  for  the  Ellerton  Theological 
Essay  for  1844  is  "  The  Contrast  of  Scrip, 
ture  Prophecy  with  the  Oracles  and  Divi- 
pations  of  the  Heathens." 

The  subjects  for  the  Chancellor's  prizes 
|6r  the  ensuing  year : — 

For  Latin  verse,  "  Triumphi  Pompa 
•pud  Romanos.'' 

For  an  English  essay,  ''  The  principles 
and  objects  of  human  punishments." 


For  a  Latin  essay,  '^  Literarum  huma- 
narum  utilitas.'* 

Sir  Roger  Newdigate*s  prize,  The  Bat. 
tie  of  the  Nile. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

The  Members'  prizes  for  the  present 
year  are  adjudged  as  follows : 

Bachelors. — 1.  R.  R.  Walpole,  B.A. 
Gonville  and  Caius ;  2.  G.  Nng^,  B.A. 
Trinity.  Subject. — "  Principiorum  Juris 
Publici  apud  Grsecos  et  apud  Romanoi 
comparatio.'^ 

Under-graduates. — 1.   C.   Bristed  ;    2. 

.     Subject. — **  Quibusnam  h  fonti- 

bus  T.  Livius  historiam  Primi  Libri  sui 
hauserit,  et  quatenus  historia  ista  vera  sit 
habenda?" 


king's   college,  LONDON. 

The  arrangements  of  the  Philosophical 
museum  at  this  institution,  which  includes 
that  formed  by  King  George  the  Third  at 
Kew,  having  been  completed  with  judg- 
ment and  good  taste,  the  opening  of  it  to 
the  public  was  made  the  occasion,  on 
Thursday,  June  22,  of  a  grand  ceremony. 
The  whole  of  the  rooms  in  the  college, 
the  several  valuable  museums,  the  capa- 
cious and  well- furnished  Marsden  library, 
&c.  were  thrown  open  to  the  visitors.  On 
every  side  were  objects  of  interest ;  and 
the  professors  of  Natural  Philosophy,  Ex- 
perimental Philosophy,  Chemistry,  Com- 
parative Anatomy,  &c.  were  in  attendance 
to  answer  questions,  and  to  explain  the  his- 
tory, character,  construction,  or  applica- 
tion of  the  numerous  specimens,  inven- 
tions, productions,  or  preparations.  His 
Royal  Highness  Prince  Albert  honoured 
the  occasion  by  his  presence.  He  was 
received  on  his  arrival  by  the  principal 
and  professors,  complimented  by  a  Latin 
address,  and  greeted  with  *'  God  Save  the 
Queen"  by  Hullah's  pupils,  arranged  in 
the  great  entrance  hall.  The  royal  in- 
struments and  apparatus,  Wheatstone*8 
electrical  inventions,  and  Babbage*s  cal- 
culating machine,  were  the  principal  at- 
tractions of  the  day. 

university  COLLEGB,  LONDON. 

July  1.  The  annual  distribution  of 
prizes  in  the  Faculty  of  Arts  and  Lawi 
took  place  in  the  Theatre  of  this  College. 
The  chair  was  taken  by  Mr.  Wm.  Dougal 
Christie,  M.  P.  Professor  Maiden,  Dean  of 
Faculty,  read  the  report,  which  gave  an 
account  of  the  proficiency  attained  by  the 
pupils  in  literature,  science,  and  other 
departments  of  study.  The  number  of 
students  in  the  Faculty  of  Arts  and  Lawi 
is  now  163,  being  a  considerable  increase 
upon  that  of  the  preceding  year. 


184 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


[Aug. 


CHELTENHAM  PROPRIETARY  COLLEGE. 

June  22.  One  of  the  noblest  meetings 
ever  known  in  Cheltenham  was  held  on 
the  occasion  of  the  opening  of  the  new 
Proprietary  College.  Three  years  have 
not  elapsed  since  it  was  projected,  and 
only  two  since  the  school  was  opened. 
There  were  244  boys  present,  and  most  of 
the  clergy  of  the  town  and  neighbourhood. 
The  college  is  an  elegant  Gothic  building, 
250  feet  in  length,  with  a  tower  80  feet 
in  height,  and  has  a  noble  appearance. 
The  great  hall  is  capable  of  containing 
1500  persons.  It  was  designed  by 
Mr.  Wilson,  of  Bath,  and  erected  by  Mr. 
Davis,  of  Frome.  The  Rev.  Francis 
Close,  M. A.  took  the  chair,  and  addressed 
the  assembly  in  a  very  effective  speech. 
The  Head  Master,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Phillips, 
introduced  the  Examiners,  the  Rev.  Mr. 
HodsOD,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cam. 
bridge,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mitchell,  of 
Oxford.  The  reverend  gentlemen  passed 
the  highest  encomiums  upon  the  boys  for 
their  proficiency  in  the  classics,  mathe- 
matics, and  general  literature,  and  ex- 
pressed themselves  on  the  certainty  of 
their  success  in  the  Universities,  whither 
they  were  proceeding.  From  the  report 
it  appeared  that  the  receipts  of  the  year 
had  been  3,439/.  covering  all  current  ex- 
penses, and  leaving  a  surplus  of  300/. 

KING^S    COLLEGE,    TORONTO. 

The  following  appointments  have  been 
made  in  this  new  Canadian  University. 
The  Rev.  Dr.  John  M'Caul,  late  Princi- 
pal of  Upper  Canada  college,  Vice-Presi- 
dent of  the  University  (the  Bishop  of 
Toronto  being  President  by  the  royal 
charter).  Besides  discharging  the  duties 
of  Professor  of  Classical  Literature  and 
Belles  Lettres,  on  this  gentleman  will  de- 
volve the  general  management  and  super- 
intendence of  the  whole  system.  The 
Rev.  Dr.  Beavan,  of  St.  Edmund's  hall, 
Oxford,  Professor  of  Divinity.  Richard 
Potter,  esq.  M.A.  a  Fellow  of  Queen*s 
college,  Cambridge,  and  late  Professor  of 
Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy  in 
University  college,  London,  Professor  of 
the  same  branches  of  knowledge.  Wil- 
liam Hume  Blake,  esq.  barrister,  of  To- 
ronto, and  a  graduate  of  Trinity  college, 
Dublin,  Professor  of  Law.  Henry  Croft, 
esq.  Professor  of  Experimental  Philoso- 
phy and  Chemistry.  Drs.  John  King  and 
Gwynne,  both  gentlemen  standing  de- 
servedly high  in  their  profession,  fill  re- 
spectively the  chairs  of  Practice  of  Medi- 
cine and  Anatomy.  Henry  Sullivan,  esq. 
Member  of  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons, 
London,  has  been  appointed  Demonstra- 
tor and  Curator  of  the  Anatomical  and 
Pathological  Museum.  The  University 
9 


already  possesses  a  valuable  collection  of 
books,  to  which  large  additions  are  about 
to  be  made  ;  and  full  apparatus  for  the 
illustration  of  the  lectures  in  Chemistry, 
and  all  the  branches  of  Natural  Philoso- 
phy, is  to  be  selected  in  England  by  the 
Professors  in  those  departments. 

THE    ROYAL  AGRICULTURAL    SOCIETY. 

The  Annual  Meeting  of  this  influential 
Society  has  been  held  this  year  at  Derby. 
The  pavilion,  in  which  the  dinner  of  the 
Members  took  place  on  Thursday,  July 
13,  was  of  capacity  to  contain  2000  per- 
sons. A  large  number  of  implements,  had 
arrived  on  Tuesday,  when  a  preliminary 
trial  of  some  of  them  took  place  on 
some  land  at  Mickleover,  three  miles 
from  the  town.  In  the  evening  of  that 
day,  the  council  of  the  society  dined 
with  the  Mayor  at  the  Royal  Hotel. 
Among  the  company  were  Mr.  W.  Miles, 
M.P.  (Steward  of  the  Implement  depart- 
ment), and  Sir  Chas.  Morgan,  Bart.  On 
Wednesday  the  Judges  awarded  the  prizes, 
and  the  Council  of  the  Society  held  their 
public  dinner  in  the  County  Hall.  On 
Thursday  the  cattle  and  implement  yards 
were  opened  to  the  public,  and  the  grand 
dinner  took  place  in  the  Pavillion  at  4 
o'clock. 


LIBRARY  OF  J.  S.  HAWKINS,  ESQ.  F.8.A. 

The  sale  of  the  library  of  the  late  John 
Sidney  Hawkins,  esq.  F.S.A.  took  place 
on  the  8th  May,  and  eight  following  days, 
at  Fletcher's  Rooms,  Piccadilly.  The 
collection  was  not  especially  rich  in  fine 
or  rare  books,  but  was  essentially  a  learned 
library,  and  included  some  very  curious 
articles,  both  printed  and  manuscript. 
Mr.  Hawkins  seemed  to  have  a  most  sin- 
gular fancy  for  collecting  several  copies 
of  works  where  the  author  or  the  subject 
engaged  his  interest,  even  if  they  were  of 
the  same  edition.  Of  his  own  edition  of 
Ignoramus  there  was  an  unsold  remainder 
of  twenty-seven  copies,  and  of  his  Essay 
on  the  Origin  and  Progress  of  Gothic  Ar- 
chitecture, no  fewer  than  two  hundred. 
A  fine  copy  of  Weever's  Funeral  Monu- 
ments, in  large  paper,  produced  18/.  hs. ; 
the  Latin  Bible  of  Koberger,  Nuremberg, 
1478,  2/.  \h8.  ;  Bateman's  Bartholemseus 
de  Propiietatibus  Rerum,  Lond.  1582, 
3/.  3«.  The  sale  concluded  with  a  few 
curious  manuscripts  ;  of  which  the  most 
remarkable  were, 

A  Latin  chronicle,  on  vellum,  4to. 
from  Brute  to  16  Hen.  VI.  compiled  by 
John  Tiptoft,  Earl  of  Worcester.  Sold 
for  33/.  12».  to  Payne  and  Foss. 

A  folio  copy,  on  vellum,  of  Higden*s 
Polychronicon  ab  initio  mundi  ad  16  Edw. 
m.  3/.  10«.  Thorpe. 


1843.] 


Literary  and  ScierUific  Intelligence. 


m 


A  4to  yelliim  MS.  of  Legenda  Aurea, 
which  belonged  in  1397  to  a  priest  of 
the  church  of  Margneavale,  in  the  diocese 
of  Soissons  (erroneously  ascribed  in  the 
catalogue  to  Merevale,  in  Warwickshire), 
the  age  of  the  MS.  itself  being  about 
1300.  41,  5«. 

De  Vier  Evangelisten,  a  4to.  vellum 
Ms.  of  the  15th  century,  bought  for  the 
British  Museum  at  1/.  16«. 

Terentii  Comoedia,  an  Italian  MS.  on 
▼ellum,  of  the  15th  century.  3/.  5«.  Brit. 
Museum. 

Valetudinarium,  comoedia,  acta  coram 
Academicis,  Feb.  6,  1637«  Authore  — 
Johnson.     Small  4to.  Ss. 

Another  copy  of  the  same,  58.  Sd, 

Saturnalia,  a  Latin  comedy,  by  John 
Edwards,  and  dedicated  by  him  to  Laud , 
President  of  St.  John's  (on  paper,  not 
**  vellum,"  as  the  catalogue).  15«. 

A  new  Dictionary  for  the  Orthography, 
Pronunciation,  and  Etymology  of  the 
English  Language,  a  MS.  by  Joseph 
Bitson,  formerly  belonging  to  Mr.  Heber. 
5/.  7s.  6J. 

A  MS.  translation  of  the  whole  of  Sir 
John  Chardin's  Travels  in  Persia  and  the 
East  Indies,  in  five  vols,  folio,  of  which 
the  first  only  was  published.  21.  2s, 

A  MS.  Alphabet  of  the  names  and  arms 
of  the  NobUity  and  Gentry  of  England, 
about  1620  (formerly  belonging  to  the 
library  at  Northcourt,  Isle  of  Wight,  and 
afterwards  to  J.  Walwyn,  esq.  of  Long- 
worth,  Ledbury).  6/.  10«.  Boone. 

A  Common- place  book  of  Historical 
Treatises,  temp.  James  I.  and  Poetry.  4to. 
4/.  4». 

Tho  produce  of  the  nine  days'  sale 
amounted  to  nearly  1 ,400/. 

THE  WILSON  MANUSCRIPTS. 

On  the  29th  June  were  sold  by  auction 
at  Fentonidlle,  near  Sheffield,  amongst 
other  property,  the  effects  of  Wm.  Wilson, 
esq.  (beaidfis  as  many  antiquities  as  would 
have  formed  of  themselves  a  museum, 
and  ought  to  have  been  added  to  the  stores 
of  that  already  existing  in  the  town),  a 
great  number  of  very  curious  documents, 
transcripts  and  originals,  relating  chiefly 
to  the  history  of  Sheffield  and  the  neigh- 
bourhood, which  were  collected  by  Mr. 
Wilson's  grandfather,  John  Wilson,  esq. 
formerly  of  Broomhead  Hall.  These  curious 
documents  were  largely  used,  and  are  gene- 
rally acknowledged  by  the  able  author  of 
the  History  of  Hallamshire,  one  of  the 
most  elegant,  accurate,  and  interesting 
works  of  Its  class,  and  which  contains  a 
beantifiilly  engraved  portrait  of  Mr.  Wil- 
ton, by  Scriven,  with  an  interesting  bio- 
graphical notice  of  the  worthy  coUector 
•ail  hii  family.    There  is  also  some  ac« 

GniT.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


count  of  the  collection  itself,  and  of  its 
principal  curiosities,  at  pp.  275 — 277  of 
that  work.  Mr.  Hunter,  however,  com- 
piled in  1 806  a  more  detailed  catalogue  of 
the  Wilson  manuscripts,  &c.  as  then  ex- 
isting at  Broomhead  Hall.  This  docu- 
ment (in  manuscript)  accompanied  the 
collection,  which  the  describer  separates 
into  four  principal  divisions — the  first 
containing  all  that  immediately  relates  to 
the  town  of  Sheffield,  and  the  district  of 
Hallamshire.  These  of  course,  to  persons 
resident  in  this  town,  formed  the  most 
interesting  part  of  the  collection,  and 
have,  as  might  be  expected,  yielded  more 
than  their  essence  during  the  process  of 
their  examination  by  Mr.  Hunter,  who, 
however,  after  all  has  hardly  been  indebted 
to  them  exactly  to  the  extent  implied  by 
the  terms  *'  a  great  portion  of  his  Hallam- 
shire" in  the  preceding  quotation.  The 
second  division  contains  all  that  relates  to 
Bradfield,  and  some  of  the  places  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Broomhead  Hall.  The 
latter,  a  mansion  built  some  years  ago, 
situate  near  the  Moors,  at  the  head  of  the 
Yewden  Vale,  overlooking  the  ancient 
residence  of  *'  Moor  of  Moor  Hall,'*  and 
confronting  the  still  more  conspicuous 
Wharncliff  Lodge,  wood,  and  rocks,  the 
scene  of  the  celebrated  ballad  of  the 
"Dragon  ofWantley."  To  this  neigh- 
bourhood, as  comprising  the  residence  of 
himself  and  his  ancestors,  the  attention  of 
Mr.  Wilson  seems  to  have  been  especially, 
indeed  naturally  directed,  and  Mr.  Hunter 
expresses  a  regret,  in  which  many  will 
join,  that  from  these  stores  of  information, 
and  from  his  own  recollections  and  ob- 
servations, which  must  have  been  no  less 
valuable,  Mr.  Wilson  did  not  compile  such 
a  history  of  the  places  in  the  vicinity  of 
his  family  residence  as  should  have  been 
a  standing  memorial  of  his  industry  and 
his  intimate  acquaintance  with  the  sub- 
ject. The  documents  in  this  division  are 
described  under  upwards  of  one  hundred 
heads,  comprising  bundles,  separate  pft* 
pers,  and  volumes,  many  of  them  very 
curious.  In  the  third  division  are  de- 
scribed such  papers  as  are  illustrative  of 
topography  or  general  history ;  and  al- 
though of  less  directly  local  interest  than 
the  rest,  were,  in  many  respects,  illus* 
trative  of  general  facts,  or  it  might  be 
valuable  for  their  rarity.  Under  the 
fourth  division,  Mr.  Hunter  classes  va- 
rious miscellaneous  matters,  exclusive  of 
numerous  ancient  deeds  and  family  evi* 
deuces.  The  more  bulky  portion  of  the 
papers  appear  to  have  remained,  during 
their  custody  by  the  late  possessor,  stowed 
away  in  boxes  :  the  deeds,  charters,  and 
smaller  original  papers  were  deposited  ia 
a  cabinet,  consisting  of  thirty-two  drawtrv* 
3B 


166 


Architecture. 


[Aug. 


each  labelled  with  the  name  of  the  sove- 
reign under  whoie  reign  the  documents 
bore  date.  The  collection  was  sold  in 
one  lot,  in  accordance  with  a  suggestion 
of  Mr.  Hunter,  a  letter  from  whom,  re- 
cently written  to  Mr.  Wilson,  was  read, 
in  which  he  remarked :  '*  I  cannot  but 
express  a  wish  that  some  means  could 
have  been  or  could  be  adopted,  to  keep 
together  so  curious  and  interesting  a  col- 
lection. Surely  there  is  some  person  who, 
for  the  honour  and  benefit,  I  may  say/  of 
Hallamshire,  will  come  forward  and  make 
such  an  offer  as  would  induce  you  not  to 
suffer  the  collection,  at  least  the  York- 
shire part  of  it,  to  be  dismembered.  It 
should  be  deposited  in  some  public  li- 
brary, and  bear  the  name  of  the  Wilson 
Collection^  in  honour  of  him  who  formed 
it.  It  has  happened  to  few  parts  of  the 
kingdom  to  owe  so  much  to  any  private 

rTson  as  Hallamshire  does  to  Mr.  Wilson, 
wish  I  could  myself  afford  to  buy  them, 
and  keep  the  Yorkshire  part  together.'' 

The  biddings  were  commenced  with 
twenty  guineas  by  Mr.  Thorpe,  the  London 
bookseller,  and  up  to  fifty  pounds,  we  be- 
lieve, there  was  a  competition  on  behalf 
of  a  member  of  the  family  of  the  original 
possessor  ;  beyond  this,  the  contest  lay 
wholly  between  Mr.  Thorpe  and  William 
Younge,  esq.  the  latter  gallantly  contest- 
ing the  prize,  until  his  competitor  bid 
one  hundred  and  sixty-five  guineas,  at 
which  price  the  collection  was  knocked 


down  to  Mr.  Thorpe,  who  the  same  night 
carried  the  whole  with  him  to  London. 
It  was  subsequently  purchased  by  Mr. 
Newman,  the  bookseller,  of  Holbom. 
Thus  have  the  men  of  Hallamshire  allowed 
to  leave  the  neighbourhood,  and  to  be 
dispersed  beyond  recal,  this  curious  and 
valuable  collection,  and  this  for  a  sum 
that  ought  surely  to  have  appeared  trifling, 
had  a  dozen  or  a  score  gentlemen  united 
for  the  realization  of  Mr.  Hunter's  sug- 
gestion. As  it  is,  the  next  and  future 
generation  will  probably  feel  more  thank- 
ful than  the  present,  that  the  elaborate 
History  of  their  birth-place  was  com- 
piled by  that  gentleman  before  the  dis- 
persion of  those  precious  and  irretrieva- 
ble materials.  Mr.  Younge  purchased 
for  5/.  10«.  one  of  the  ancient  copper 
plates,  which  were  found  on  the  Stanning- 
ton  side  of  the  Rivelin  in  1761.  It  con- 
tains the  names  and  other  particulars, 
supposed  by  antiquaries  to  concern  the 
manumission  and  enrolment  of  soldiers  as 
citizens  of  Rome,  and  is  described  by 
Hunter,  p.  18.  Two  of  these  plates  were 
found ;  but  the  more  ancient  one,  of  which 
this  was  believed  to  be  a  duplicate,  and 
which  was  presented  by  the  Duke  of  Nor- 
folk to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  is  no 
longer  in  existence.  Six  old  portraits  of 
the  Macro  family  were  sold  for  thirty- 
three  guineas,  and  a  portrait  of  the  Duch- 
ess of  Portsmouth,  by  Sir  Peter  Lely,  for 
fourteen  guineas. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


OXFORD  ARCHITECTURAL  SOCIETY. 

May  24.  A  letter  was  read  from  Joseph 
Clarke,  esq.  Architect,  on  some  peculiari- 
ties which  he  has  noticed  in  the  mode  of 
jointing  the  stone-work  in  the  tracery  of  the 
windows  in  the  cloisters  of  Westminster 
Abbey.  It  has  been  frequently  observed, 
that  lead  was  used  in  the  joints  by  the  old 
masons,  but  it  has  been  generally  supposed 
to  be  sheet  lead  cut  to  the  mouldings  ;  in 
this  instance,  however,  it  was  evidently 
molten  lead  poured  into  grooves  prepared 
to  receive  it,  in  the  same  manner  as  is 
now  practised  by  plumbers  for  soldering 
iron  railings. 

Another  communication  was  read  from 
the  Rev.  R.  Jackson,  of  Wreay,  Carlisle, 
respecting  the  tower  of  Newton  Arlosh, 
in  Cumberland,  showing  some  reasons  for 
presuming  these  ruins  to  be  Roman,  and 
bringing  evidence  to  prove  that  the  Ro- 
mans used  battlements  to  their  towers. 
The  Chairman  was  acquainted  with  these 
ruins,  and  considered  them  as  of  very  early 
character,  but  had  not  seen  any  proof  of 
their  being  Roman.    The  situation  and 


circumstances  mentioned  gave  probability 
to  it ;  but  the  fact  could  only  be  decided 
by  an  examination  of  the  masonry  of  the 
ruins  by  competent  judges. 

The  President  of  Trinity  mentioned  the 
receipt  of  a  letter  from  A.  W.  Pugin,  esq. 
on  the  subject  of  Spires,  alluded  to  at  the 
last  meeting.  Mr.  Pugin  distinctly  re- 
asserts as  a  matter  not  of  theory  but  of 
fact,  that  every  early-English  and  Deco- 
rated tower  either  had  or  was  intended  to 
have  a  spire  upon  it.  The  President  still 
retained  his  own  opinion  that  Mr.  Pugin 
over-stated  his  case,  and  could  not  agree 
in  the  universality  of  his  conclusion.  Al- 
though many  instances  of  spires  being  de- 
stroyed, or  not  completed  as  designed,  are 
well  known,  it  does  not  follow  that  all 
the  hundreds  of  towers  in  these  styles  that 
we  find  without  spires  were  designed  to 
have  them.  The  Principal  of  Brasenose 
was  inclined  to  think  Mr.  Pugin  likely  to 
be  right,  and  observed  that  in  those  dis- 
tricts where  there  are  no  spires  the  towers 
are  generally  all  Perpendicular.  A  good 
deal  of  discussion  followed,  and  a  hope 


1843.] 


Architecture, 


187 


was  expressed  that  Mr.  Pugin  will  com- 
muuicate  the  grounds  upon  which  he  has 
arrived  at  this  general  conclusion. 

The  fourth  annual  meeting  of  the  So- 
ciety took  place  on  the  27th  of  June,  the 
Rev.  the  Riector  of  Exeter  College  in  the 
chair,  who,  after  a  brief  address  on 
the  objects  of  the  Society,  which  are  ex- 
pressed in  its  title,  **  to  promote  the 
study  of  Gothic  Architecture,''  with  a 
view  more  especially  to  improve  the  taste 
and  character  of  the  ecclesiastical  edifices 
of  this  country,  read  the  report  of  the 
committee  for  the  year.  The  progress 
and  prospects  of  the  Society  continue  to 
be  cheering,  the  number  of  its  members 
to  increase,  and  the  interest  evinced  in  its 
objects  is  unabated.  Several  plans  for  new 
churches,  and  proposed  restorations  of  old 
ones,  have  been  submitted  to  the  inspec- 
tion of  the  committee,  and  it  is  satisfac- 
tory to  be  able  to  state  that  with  very  few 
exceptions  they  have  met  with  their  ap- 
proval. An  application  has  been  made  to 
this  Society  for  a  design  for  a  church  to 
erected  at  Colabah,  near  Bombay,  which 
is  now  preparing  by  Mr.  Derick,  with  the 
assistance  of  the  local  experience  of 
Captain  Faber,  of  the  Madras  Engineers. 

The  publications  of  the  Society  during 
the  year  have  been : — 

1.  Working  drawings  of  St.  Giles's 
Church  in  this  city,  by  James  Peak  Har- 
rison, B.A.  of  Christ  Church. 

2.  The  first  part  of  an  Architectural 
Guide  to  the  neighbourhood  of  Oxford. 

3.  Several  single  sheets  of  working 
drawings  of  open  seats  and  stalls,  the 
recedos  of  an  altar,  &c.  from  ancient  ex- 
umples  ;  several  other  sheets  of  this  series 
are  in  hand. 

4.  Other  sheets  of  the  tracery  of  win- 
dows from  Mr.  Rickman*s  sketches, 
etched  and  presented  to  the  Society  by 
Thomas  Harper  King,  esq.  of  Elxeter 
College. 

Drawings  of  Minster  Lovell  Church, 
near  Witney,  Oxfordshire,  by  John 
Pritchard,  esq.  Architect,  and  of  Shottes- 
brooke  Church,  near  Maidenhead,  Berks, 
by  William  Butterfield,  esq.  Architect, 
are  also  in  hand. 

The  continuation  of  the  Architectural 
Guide  is  preparing,  and  the  further  as- 
sistance of  the  members  is  solicited. 

Mr.  Parker  proposes  to  publish  a  new 
edition  of  Mr.  Rickman's  valuable  work 
on  Gothic  Architecture,  which  is  still  the 
only  systematic  treatise  in  our  language  ; 
and  the  elementary  portion  is  scarcely, 
perhaps,  capable  of  improvement ;  but  in 
the  description  of  churches,  in  their  re- 
spective counties,  there  is  room  for  much 
additional  information,  and  with  the  view  of 
inakin^  this  in  some  degree  e^  topographical 


dictionary  of  all  the  old  churches  remain- 
ing in  England,  the  assistance  of  members 
of  this  Society,  and  of  the  other  societies 
in  connection  with  it,  is  earnestly  request- 
ed in  supplying  church  notes  of  their  re- 
spective neighbourhoods.  Considerable 
additions  have  been  made  to  the  collect 
tion  of  casts  of  details  during  the  year, 
particularly  some  very  beautiful  speci- 
mens from  Lincoln  Cathedra] ;  and  seve- 
ral valuable  books  have  been  added  to 
the  library  of  the  Society — of  which  a 
catalogue  is  printed  in  the  annual  report, 
together  with  a  list  of  Mr.  Rickman's 
drawings,  which  will  be  found  very  va- 
luable, as  pointing  out  where  good  exam- 
ples are  to  be  found  of  the  various  parts 
of  churches  in  all  the  styles  of  Gothic 
Architecture.  In  conclusion,  the  com- 
mittee observe  with  pleasure  the  decided 
improvement  in  taste  and  design  that  has 
taken  place,  and  is  still  progressing ;  and 
as  favourable  instances,  which  have  been 
completed  during  the  year,  would  mention 
the  restoration  of  the  Temple  Church  in 
London,  and  the  Monumental  Cross  in 
this  City. 

A  letter  was  then  read  by  the  secretary, 
addressed  to  the  President  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, by  Mr.  A.  W.  Pugin  on  the  subject 
of  Spires ;  the  object  of  which  was  to  prove 
the  truth  of   his  assertion,   that  every 
tower  in  the  early-English  and  Decorated 
styles  of  Gothic   Architecture  was  ori- 
ginally terminated  by  a  spire,  or  designed 
to  be  so.     He  cited  numerous  examples 
in  support  of  his  views,  and  explained  that 
by  a  spire  he  means  a  spiral  termination 
of  any  kind,  including  a  low  pyramid,  or 
even  a  gabled  roof, — any  roof  that  is  not 
flat.     Another  paper  was  read  by  Mr. 
Freeman,  of  Trinity  College  on  Spires, 
with  a  particular   reference  to  those  of 
Northamptonshire.     The  spire  seems  to 
have  originated  in  the  low  pyramidal  cap- 
ping of  the  Romanesque  steeples,   em- 
ployed also    frequently  in    the    Gothic 
styles.      There  are  several    forms    em- 
ployed abroad  which  are  rarely  met  with 
in  this  country,  where  the  octagonal  form 
is  almost  universal.     Mr.  Pugin' s  theory 
of  all  early  and  decorated  towers  requiring 
the  spire,  is  correct  as  to  the  ideal  per- 
fection of  the  style,  but  appears  far  from 
correct  as  a  matter  of  fact.    The  spire  is 
often  met  with  earlier,  but  seems  to  have 
come  into  general  use  in  the  time  of  Ed- 
ward I.  of  which  date  are  most  of  the  fine 
spires  between  Northampton  and  Peter- 
borough.    On  the  other  hand,  tiie  same 
county  offers  several  earlier  Gothic  towers 
without  spires,  some  of  them  apparently 
with  the  original  parapet.     Spires  may  be 
generally  divided    into    two  kinds,   the 
broach  with  or  without  pinnadesi  uied^ 


188 


Architecture. 


[Aug. 


the  earlj- English  and  early  Decorated, 
and  that  famished  with  a  parapet,  belong- 
ing  to  the  later  Decorated  and  Perpen- 
dioolar  styles.  Of  the  former,  North- 
amptonshire  has  many  noble  examples,  as 
Dchester,  Wolverton,  Rannds,  the  latter 
a  good  modem  restoration  on  an  ancient 
and  magnificent  tower.  Christ  Chnrch 
Cathedial  and  Witney  are  also  very  fine 
OMnples.  The  other  form  with  a  para* 
pet,  commonly  embattled,  is  very  freqaent 
during  the  Decorated  time  ;  with  the  Per* 
pendicnlar  style,  the  embattled  tower,  a 
feature  hardly  inferior  in  beauty  to  the 
spire,  became  more  common,  but  there 
are  some  fine  spires  of  this  period,  es* 
pecially  about  Birmingham.  St.  Michael's, 
Coventry,  one  of  the  most  beautiful  stee- 
ples in  the  world,  is  also  of  this  style. 
An  intermediate  form  is  when  the  spire 
rises  from  a  cluster  of  pinnacles,  as  the 
early  Decorated  steeple  of  St.  Mary's. 
The  taste  for  spires  never  became  quite 
extinct,  as  we  find  them  even  with 
Italianised  details.  There  are  also  some 
excellent  restorations  of  Gothic  spires  in 
the  seventeenth  century,  as  the  central 
one  of  Lichfield  Minster,  and  that  of 
Higham  Ferrers  Church.  The  paper  was 
illustrated  by  several  pen  and  ink  sketches 
of  the  spires  alluded  to  from  Northamp- 
tonshire and  other  districts,  and  also  by 
some  etchings  of  Mr.  Petit' s  furnished  by 
Mr.  Parker. 


PROPOSED    CITY    IMPROVEMENTS. 

The  localities  and  directions  of  several 
new  streets  projected  by  the  Corporation 
Committee  have  been  laid  before  Parlia- 
ment. It  may  probably  be  some  years 
before  the  whole  will  be  carried  into  effect } 
but  there  is  erery  likelihood  of  an  early 
beginning,  and,  as  it  is  not  yet  known 
which  improvement  will  be  commenced 
first,  we  begin  westward,  to  go  over  the 
whole  proposed.  Middle  Row,  Holborn^ 
although  just  without  the  boundary  of 
the  City,  is  marked  for  removal ;  also 
some  projecting  houses  at  Holborn  Bridge. 
The  first  new  street  commences  at  No.  25, 
Holborn,  five  doors  before  we  come  to  Fet- 
ter Lane.  It  thence  takes  direction  S.E. , 
passing  through  Bartlett's  Buildings,  by 
Thayies  Inn,  to  the  end  of  Great  New-st. 
leaving  St.  Andrew's  burial-ground  on 
the  left,  through  New  Street  Square  and 
Spottiswode's  printing-office  to  the  top 
of  Stonecutter  Street,  near  Farringdon 
Market.  Here  it  is  joined  by  another 
new  street,  which  originates  near  St. 
Dunstan's  poor  .house  and  to  the  back  of 
Rolls  Buildings,  where  the  Red  Hart  inn 
now  stands,  crosses  Fetter  Lane,  which, 
by  the  way,  is  to  be  considerably  widened 
bj  the  demolition  of  the  eastern  side,  and 


runs  along  Neville's  Court,  Middle  and 
Little  New  Street,  to  the  junction  at 
Stonecutter  Street.  The  united  street 
then  goes  on  to  the  comer  of  Harp  Alley, 
across  Farringdon  Street  through  the 
Fleet  Prison  and  Prajean  Square,  across 
the  Old  Bailey  to  Amen  Comer  and  Ave* 
Maria  and  Warwick  Lanes,  there  open- 
ing St.  Paul's ;  a  few  houses  in  Ludgate 
Street,  the  whole  of  the  south  side  of 
Paternoster  Row  to  Cheapside ;  and  the 
comer  between  the  Row  and  Newgate 
Street,  now  obstracting  the  view  of  the 
General  Post-Office,  to  come  down.  This 
is  the  chief,  and  will  be  a  grand  improve- 
ment. There  is  another  new  street  west- 
ward, but  on  a  smaller  scale;  it  com- 
mences at  the  Temple,  and  consists  of  the 
desirable  widening  of  Temple  Street, 
Fisher's  Alley,  Crown  Court,  Tudor  Street, 
to  New  Bridge  Street.  The  next  is  from 
the  end  of  Earl  Street  and  the  comer  of 
St.  Andrew's  Hill  to  Great  Knightrider 
Street,  widening  that  by  the  removal  of 
the  houses  on  the  north  side,  across  Sermon 
and  the  end  of  Little  Carter  Lane  to  Great 
Distaff  Lane,  with  an  opening  there  to  St. 
Paul's,  and  then  continuing  on,  by  the 
pulling  down  of  the  south  side  of  Great 
Distaff  Lane,  Little  Friday  Street,  and 
Basing  Lane,  to  Bow.  Thence  it  proceeds 
in  a  straight  line  through  Little  St.  Thomas 
Apostle  to  Cannon  Street ;  but  also  in  a 
north-east  direction  across  Watling  Street, 
Sixe  Lane,  and  Bucklersbury,  to  the 
Mansion  House,  corner  of  the  Poultry ; 
the  north  side  of  which  from  Old  Jewry 
to  the  Bank  is  to  be  removed.  An  im- 
provement also  in  connexion  with  this 
street  is  the  widening  of  Queen  Street  by 
the  demolition  of  the  eastern  side  from 
Watling  Street  to  Clueen  Street  Place. 
The  next  in  order  of  direction  from  west- 
ward is  from  Smithfield,  at  the  end  of 
Duke  Street,  in  a  direct  line  to  Alders- 
gate  Street,  and  opposite  Jewin  Street, 
with  a  branch  to  the  right  through  Bar- 
tholomew Close,  Great  Montague  Court, 
Albion  Buildings,  and  Trinity  Court,  to 
Aldersgate  Street,  and  opposite  Falcon 
Street.  There  are  marked  out  two  other 
short  new  streets,  the  one  from  King 
William  Street,  and  at  the  lower  end  of 
Gracechurch  Street,  to  Fenchurch  Street, 
and  opposite  Lime  Street,  which  is  to  be 
widened ;  and  the  other  a  continuation  of 
Old  Broad  Street  northwards,  through 
New  Zealand  House,  across  Half-Moon 
Street,  Sun  Street,  and  Skinner  Street. 
By-the-by,  there  is  another  short  one, 
connecting  Bury  Street  with  Leadenhall 
Street.  The  remaining  proposed  im- 
provements are  here  and  there  widenings, 
the  principal  of  which  are  Lower  Thamee 
Street  and  Aidgate  Street* 


18430 


Antigiuarian  Researches. 


189 


Neuf  Street  from  Piccadilly  to  Hoi* 
born, — Orders  have  been  issued  by  the 
Commissioners  of  Woods  and  Forests  to 
take  down  forthwith  the  whole  of  the 
houses  on  the  west  side  of  Upper  St. 
Martin*solane,  between  Long-acre  and 
Great  St.  Andrew's-street^  Seven  Dials. 
This  street  will  be  a  continuation  of  the 
improvements  intended  to  take  place  by 
the  formation  of  the  new  street  from 
Coventary-street  to  Long-acrei  and  which, 
when  finished,  will  form  a  direct  line  from 
Piccadilly  to  the  west  of  Holbom. 

New  Church. 
April  22,  The  Bishop  of  Salisbury 
(officiating  for  the  Bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wells)  consecrated  a'  new  church  at 
Bishport,  near  Bristol,  about  three  miles 
from  Redcliffe  Hill,  on  the  old  Wells 
road.  This  is  a  beautiful  specimen  of 
Norman  architecture,  but  it  is  hoped  that 
at  no  distant  period  the  tower  will  be 
carried  to  its  proper  height,  and  that  it 


will  have  a  peal  of  bells^  The  church 
has  no  pews,  the  seats  being  all  open  and 
free.  On  the  pillars  are  inscribed  appro« 
priate  texts  in  black  and  red  letters,  th6 
expense  of  which  was  borne  by  Christo- 
pher George,  esq*  The  lessons  will  be 
read  from  an  eagle,  carved  in  oak^ 
being  an  exact  representation  of  one 
found  in  the  lake  of  Newstead  Abbey* 
The  late  Miss  Phippen,  of  Bedniinsteri 
was  the  donor  of  this  elegant  ornament* 
The  painted  windows  were  presented  by 
Robert  Phippen,  esq.  and  his  lady  hai 
given  the  sacramental  plate.  The  diurch 
is  called  St.  Peter's  Church  in  perpetua- 
tion of  the  name  of  a  chapel  standing  in 
the  time  of  Edward  VI.  The  hamlet  of 
Bishport,  it  is  found  in  ancient  records^ 
was  formerly  Episcowerde  or  Bishop' B 
land  ;  whence  it  came  to  be  called 
Bishopsworth ;  and  it  is  suggested  that 
the  latter  title,  instead  of  the  corruption 
Bishport,  be  now  restored. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


DISCOVBRIBS  AT    COLCHESTER. 

It  having  become  necessary  to  remove 
the  North  Bridge  at  Colchester,  in  order  to 
erect  on  the  site  one  more  suited  to  the 
increase  of  traffic,  arising  from  its  being 
the  only  thoroughfare  to  and  from  the  town 
to  the  Eastern  Counties  Railway  Station, 
upon  removing  the  north  abutment 
(built  scarcely  70  years  ago),  it  was  found 
to  be  placed  between  the  foundation  of 
a  wall  of  Roman  character,  which  appeared 
to  have  been  divided  purposely  for  the 
reception  of  it.  Under  this  foundation 
were  discovered  several  earthen  urns, 
apparently  Roman,  some  of  which  fell  to 
pieces  upon  exposure  to  the  air ;  two  only 
were  got  out  whole,  one  of  them  made  of 
red,  and  the  other  of  a  coarse  black  earth. 
The  latter  was  inverted  on  a  Roman  tile 
about  eight  inches  square,  and  is  of  a 
form  rarely  met  with  here.  Several  coins 
have  been  found  as  the  works  proceeded, 
but  they  have  consisted  of  monastic 
counters,  tradesmen's  tokens  of  the  17th 
century,  and  a  great  number  of  halfpence 
of  George  the  Second  and  Third.  From 
some  peculiarity  in  the  soil  in  which  they 
were  embedded,  they  were  quite  bright 
when  first  discovered,  which  induced  the 
workmen  to  imagine  they  were  gold.  So 
corrosive  was  the  nature  of  the  soil,  that 
one  counter  was  eaten  in  the  thinnest  part 
qwite  through,  as  if  filed  out  purposely. 

In  another  part  of  the  town  some 
workmen,  employed  to  remove  a  quan- 
tifty  of  earth  preparatory  to  the  erection 
of  a  building,  discovered  a  week  or 
90  9^0   several   Roman    urns,   one   of 


which,  about  18  inches  high,  fortunately 
was  got  out  whole,  and  contained  a  de- 
posit by  cremation,  the  mouth  being 
covered  by  the  bottom  of  another  urn. 
At  the  same  time  a  smaller  one  was  dis* 
covered,  used  probably  for  a  drinking  cup ; 
this  the  workmen  broke  accidentally.  It 
is  formed  of  a  whitish  earth,  and  covered 
with  a  black  composition  resembling  some 
that  came  from  Pompeii* 

Another  was  dug  up  at  the  same  place 
of  rather  a  curious  shape,  about  6  inches 
high,  indented  it  is  supposed  to  hold  it : 
this  is  covered  with  a  light  brown  glaze. 
There  was  found  at  the  same  time  an 
earthen  lamp,  an  ivoi7  pin,  a  ribbed  blue 
bead,  and  various  fragments  of  glass 
and  earthen  vessels,  in  particular  of  the 
Samian  ware,  bushels  of  which  are  found 
in  this  town. 

A  short  time  ago  a  man,  ploughing  in 
a  field  on  the  common  land  at  the  rear  of 
Beverly  Lodge,  turned  up  a  sm&ll  brass 
figure  of  Jupiter,  about  4  inches  high.  W« 

THE   TANKARD,    IPSWICH. 

We  are  sorry  to  have  to  record  the  com- 
plete demolition  of  the  Tankard  public* 
house,  in  Tacket  Street,  Ipswich,  a  build- 
ing for  many  years  an  object  of  interest 
to  the  lovers  of  ancient  architecture.  The 
original  front  had  long  disappeared,  but 
the  building  contained  a  room  of  large  di- 
mensions, having  an  highly  ornamented 
ceiling,  With  projecting  beams  and  bosses. 
The  fire-place  of  the  same  apartment  (of 
which  an  engraving  will  be  found  in  on? 
Magazine  for  Jan.  1831,)  contained  6«- 


ido 


Antiquarian  Researches, 


[Aug. 


rious  carvings  of  a  mythological  character. 
Some  old  coins  and  foreign  tokens  were 
found  between  the  floors,  but  none  of  any 
interest. 


TUMULUS   AT   R0U6HAM,    SUFFOLK. 

An  interesting  discovery,  illustrative  of 
the  funeral  customs  of  the  Anglo -Romans, 
has  been  made  in  the  parish  of  Rougham, 
in  Su£folk,  on  the  estate  of  Phillip  Bennet, 
esq.  At  the  corner  of  the  two  roads  lead- 
ing to  Hessett  and  Bradfield  Manger,  and 
within  a  few  feet  of  the  highway,  stands 
the  half  of  a  hill  called  Eastlow  hill,  and 
a  slight  distance  therefrom  were  two  se- 
micircular mounds,  between  50  and  60 
feet  in  diameter,  covered  with  herbage 
and  shrubs.  The  men  belonging  to  Mr. 
Levett's  farm  were  engaged  in  clearing 
away  one  of  these  mounds,  to  lay  the  soQ 
upon  the  land  ;  when,  on  the  7th  of  July, 
having  come  to  the  centre,  they  broke 
into  an  oven -shaped  cist  or  cavern,  con- 
taining sepulchral  remains.  A  hole,  be- 
tween three  and  four  feet  square,  appears 
to  have  been  first  dug  about  three  feet  be- 
low the  general  level  of  the  surface.  Four 
rows  of  red  hollow  tile  bricks,  each  11 
inches  long,  about  6  inches  wide,  and  7 
inches  deep,  and  nearly  an  inch  thick,  and 
having  a  circular  hole  in  the  middle  of 
each  end,  were  then  placed  on  the  soil, 
and  covered  over  with  large  flat  tiles.  The 
whole  was  arched  over  with  tiles,  forming 
a  chamber  of  about  2i  feet  square  and  2 
feet  deep  ;  open  at  one  end.  Each  tile  is 
ornamented  with  two  striated  bands, 
placed  diagonally  from  angle  to  angle,  and 
crossing  in  the  centre.  In  this  chamber 
was  a  large  square  canister- shaped  urn  of 
emerald  green  glass,'  with  a  handle  on 
one  side.  It  was  nearly  16  inches  high 
and  8  inches  wide ;  and  was  about  half 
full  of  burnt  bones.  By  the  side  of  the 
urn  was  a  large  plain  iron  lamp,  of  the 
accustomed  form,  in  length,  from  the 
wick-chamber  to  the  handle,  nearly  a 
foot.  Unfortunately,  from  the  ignorance 
of  the  man  who  made  the  discovery,  the 
cist  was  opened  so  carelessly  that  the  fine 
and  curious  urn  was  broken.  This  part 
of  the  country  must  have  been  extensively 
occupied  by  the  Romans,  for  paterae,  and 
pieces  of  pottery,  swords,  spurs,  and  other 
articles  of  iron,  have  been  frequently,  and 
for  many  years,  discovered  within  two 
feet  of  the  surface  in  this  part  of  Rougham, 
and  within  the  adjoining  parish  of  Wel- 
netham.  The  land  was  common  till 
within  the  last  thirty  years  ;  and  so  many 
human  bones  were  found,  it  is  said,  on 
removing  part  of  the  Eastlow  Hill,  that 
the  then  pwner  of  the  estate  (Mr.  Ke- 
dington)  refused  to  permit  any  more  of 
the  (UU  to  be  (Reared,    Adjoining  to  the 


tumulus  which  has  been  opened  is  ano. 
ther,  as  yet  quite  undisturbed  ;  and  near 
to  them  are  the  pits  or  trenches  where  it 
is  probable  the  soil  was  procured  to  heap 
up  these  simple  and  long-enduring  resting 
places.  Whether  Mr.  Bennet  will  sanc- 
tion the  removal  of  the  remaining  tumulus 
is  not  known  ;  it  is  to  be  hoped  he  will 
forbid  it. 


ROMAN  VILLA    IN   NORMANDY. 

In  September,  1838,  a  valuable  piece  of 
mosaic,  representing  Orpheus  and  Ceres, 
with  her  attributes,  was  discovered  in  the 
forest  of  Brothonne,  in  Normandy.  Since 
then  the  Archaeological  Society  of  Caen 
have  extended  the  researches,  and  found 
a  long  suite  of  Roman  apartments,  and 
several  baths.  One  of  the  rooms  is 
splendidly  decorated,  and  on  the  walls  are 
the  finest  specimens  of  mosaic  work,  re- 
presenting various  aquatic  birds.  On  one 
side  is  a  large  stove,  with  flues  to  convey 
the  heat,  and  on  the  hearth  were  charcoal 
and  ashes,  as  fresh  as  if  newly  brought 
there.  Another  room  was  entirely  paved 
with  mosaic,  but  unfortunately  only  a 
few  fragments  remain  entire,  the  rest 
having  been  crushed  by  the  falling  in  of  a 
wall.  There  were  also  found  coins,  with 
the  profiles  of  Nero,  Antoninus,  Gallienus, 
Claudius,  and  other  Roman  Emperors, 
with  bricks,  tiles,  double-headed  nails, 
vases  of  terra  cotta  of  different  colours, 
pieces  of  stone,  marble,  and  glass,  and 
several  articles  in  iron,  bronze,  and  ivory, 
beside  many  stags*  horns,  boars*  tusks, 
and  bones  of  animals. 


ANTIQUITIES    IN    FRANCE. 

There  has  lately  been  discovered  in  the 
ground  excavated  for  the  Northern  Rail- 
road, between  St.  Leu  d'Essevens  and 
Montalaire,  a  girdle  of  solid  gold,  wrought 
to  imitate  a  cord,  having  a  hook  at  each 
end.  The  weight  of  this  object  is  342 
grammes,  and  the  gold  is  valued  at  880f. 
It  was  found  within  two  feet  and  a  half  of 
the  surface,  and  no  other  article  was  dis- 
covered near  it.  H.  Haubigant,  member 
of  the  Council- General  of  the  Oise,  paid 
the  workmen  handsomely  for  giving  it  up 
to  him,  with  a  view  to  having  it  deposited 
either  in  the  Museum  of  Beauvais  or  the 
Bibliotheque  Royale  at  Paris.  It  is  sup- 
posed to  belong  to  the  Gaulish  period. 

The  dredging  machine,  employed  in 
clearing  the  bed  of  the  Saone  at  Chalons, 
has  brought  up  many  interesting  rem- 
nants of  antiquity.  Among  them  are 
some  coins  of  Charles,  Cardinal  de  Bour- 
bon, of  great  rarity — a  small  brass  plate, 
on  which  appears  a  Christ  on  the  cross, 
with  symbolical  animals  at  the  four 
comers,   and    some    Gothic  cbaractenj 


1843.  J 


Proceedings  in  Parliament, 


191 


which  have  not  yet  been  deciphered,  ap- 
parently a  work  of  the  earliest  part  of  the 
middle  age — some  amphorae  and  cinerary 
urns  in  good  preservation.  But  the  most 
valuable  prize  is  a  beautiful  vitrified  cup. 
It  is  shallow  and  broad  like  a  dish,  but 
the  outside  is  enriched  with  wavy  and 
spiral  ornaments  in  relief;  affording  a 
new  proof  that  the  art  of  moulding  in 
glass  was  well  known  in  ancient  days,  and 
indicating  the  residence  of  the  Romans  at 
Cabillonum,  after  the  Eduens  and  previ- 
ously to  the  Burgundians. 

REMAINS    OF   NINEVEH. 

M.  Botta,  the  French  consul  at  Mos- 
80ul,  commenced,  twelve  months  since, 
making  excavations  on  the  site  of  an  an- 
cient city«  situated  on  the  Tigris,  oppo- 
rite  the  present  town  of  Mossoul,  and  sup* 
posed  to  be  the  vestigia  of  Nineveh.  The 
walls  are  still  traceable,  as  also  some  huge 
piles  of  bricks,  which  served  as  founda- 
tions of  the  palace  of  the  kings  of  Assyria. 
In  one  of  the  piles  he  found  the  remains 
of  a  palace,  the  walls  of  which  are  covered 
with  bas-reliefs  and  inscriptions  in  cunei- 
form characters.  This  is  the  more  im- 
portant, as  no  sculptured  Assyrian  monu- 
ments have  been  hitherto  discovered.  The 
French  Government  has  sent  M.  Botta  a 
sum  of  money  to  forward  his  undertaking. 

A  correspondent  of  the  Literary  Ga- 
zette states,  however,  that  these  ruins 
cannot  be  those  of  Nineveh.  The  distance 
is  too  great.  Certain  it  is  that  it  was  a 
fort  or  city  on  the  highway  from  Resen 
(Nimrtid)  and  Nineveh  to  Amadiyel,  the 
Ecbatana  of  Assyria. 


ALGERIAN  ANTiaUITIES. 

A  very  fine  mosaic  pavement  having 
been  discovered  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Constantino,  on  the  left  bank  of  the 
Rhummel,  in  June  1842,  a  drawing  of  it 
was  made  by  Captain  Delamare,  of  the 
artillery  service,  and  member  of  the 
Scientific  Commission  in  Algeria,  and 
transmitted  to  the  French  Government. 
In  consequence  of  this,  M.  Delamare  has 
received  instructions  to  undertake  the  re- 
moval of  the  mosaic,  for  the  purpose  of 
its  being  sent  over  to  Paris,  and  placed 
either  in  the  museum  there  or  that  of 
Versailles.  The  first  operation,  of  ex- 
tracting the  pavement  from  the  ground, 
has  been  successfully  accomplished,  ac- 
cording to  a  process  recommended  by  M. 
Lebas,  the  architect.  The  entire  dimen- 
sions of  this  mosaic  are  7*14  metres  by 
8*36,  or  rather  more  than  '23  by  26  feet 
English  ;  and  the  principal  compartment 
is  about  6i  by  9i  feet.  Its  subject  is 
Neptune  and  Amphitrite,  two  figures  of 
the  size  of  life,  which  are  seen  directly  in 
front,  standing  in  a  car,  drawn  by  four 
sea-horses.  These  are  attended  by  two 
winged  boys,  or  genii,  who  support  a 
scroll-like  drapery  over  their  heads.  The 
lower  part  of  the  picture  is  filled  up  with 
marine  genii,  some  of  them  sailing  in 
barks,  others  riding  on  fish  and  sea- 
monsters.  The  whole  is  of  admirable  ex- 
ecution and  in  excellent  preservation,  ex- 
cept that  the  tessera  forming  Amphitrite's 
bracelets,  and  some  other  ornaments  of 
her  dress,  have  been  picked  out,  whence, 
it  is  to  be  presumed,  that  they  were  either 
of  gold  or  precious  stones. 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


House  of  Commons,  June  21. 
Lord  Worsley  moved  the  second  read- 
ing of  the  Commons  Enclosure  Bill. 
Colonel  Sibthorp  moved  that  it  be  read  a 
second  time  that  day  six  months.  Lord 
Worsley  said  he  proposed  by  this  Bill  to 
give  the  superintendence  of  enclosures  to 
the  Tithe  Commissioners,  but  he  pro- 
posed that  Commissioners  so  appointed 
under  this  Bill  should  not  hold  office  for 
a  longer  period  than  five  years  after  the 
passing  of  the  Act.  He  believed  that 
2,000,000  acres  of  common  land  might  be 
profitably  enclosed  in  this  country,  at  an 
expense  of  12/.  per  acre ;  but  suppose 
that  only  1 ,000,000  of  acres  could  be  en- 
closed at  the  cost  of  12/.  per  acre,  which 
would  be  expended  in  labour  for  fencing, 
draining,  &c.,  he  thought  he  was  not  oc- 


cupying  the  time  of  the  House  unneces- 
sarily in  bringing  forward  this  measure. 
After  some  discussion  the  House  divided ; 
for  the  second  reading,  64 :  against  it,  4  ; 
majority,  60. 

June  23.  Winter  Gaol  Delivery. 
In  reply  to  Mr.  J.  S,  Wortley,  Sir  J.  Gra- 
ham  said,  that,  on  account  of  the  crowded 
state  of  the  gaols  through  the  long  inter- 
val between  the  summer  and  the  spring 
Rssizes,  the  Government  had  come  to  the 
conclusion  to  advise  Her  Majesty  to  issue 
a  commission  for  holding  an  intermediate 
assize,  which  would  be  extended  through- 
out the  whole  of  England  and  Wales. 
The  new  assizes  would  be  held  in  the 
winter,  and,  so  far  as  the  arrangements  in 
Westminster  Hall  had  gone,  he  believed 
the  period  would  probably  be  the  ^rst 


IM 


PraeeeMnga  in  Parliament 


[Aug. 


week  in  December.  The  •um  of  3,000/. 
has  been  voted  in  committee  of  supply  for 
thif  object. 

June  27.  SirT.  Wilde  moved  that  a  Se- 
lect Committee  should  be  appointed  to  in. 
quire  into  the  progress  made  in  carrying 
into  effect  the  recommendations  of  Mr. 
Rowland  Hill  for  Post  Office  improve- 
The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  said 
tiiat  Mr.  Hill  had  been  engaged  for  two 
years,  and  a  third  had  been  added.  The 
duties  of  the  measure  then  fairly  devolved 
upon  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  He 
bad  no  objection  to  a  Committee  for  in- 
quiring  how  the  plan  had  been  carried 
into  effect  by  the  Government.  The 
Committee  was  then  agreed  to,  omitting 
t^e  name  of  Mr.  Hill. 

On  the  motion  of  Mr.  Maekinnont  a 
Select  Committee  was  appointed  to  in- 
quire  into  the  means  and  the  expediency 
of  preventing  the  nuisance  of  Smoke 
arising  from  fires  or  furnaces. 

June  30.  Mr.  Hume  moved  the  discon. 
tinuance  of  the  pension  of  21,000/.  to  the 
King  of  Hanover,  on  the  ground  <'that 
the  payment  of  a  pension  to  an  independ- 
ent foreign  Sovereign  from  the  taxes  of 
the  United  Kingdom  is  a  waste  of  public 
money,  and  unjust  to  the  people  of  Eng- 
land.**   Ayes  197,  Noes  91. 

July4f.  Mr.  William  0' Brien  brought 
forward  a  motion  for  the  Redress  of 
Orievances  in  Ireland,  in  the  follow- 
ing  terms:  **  That  this  House  will  re- 
solve itself  into  a  Committee,  for  the 
purpose  of  taking  into  consideration  the 
causes  of  the  discontent  at  present  pre- 
vailing  in  Ireland,  with  a  view  to  the  re. 
dress  of  grievances,  and  to  the  establish, 
ment  of  a  system  of  just  and  impartial 
government  in  that  part  of  the  United 
Kingdom."  The  debate  was  adjourned, 
and  resumed  on  the  7th,  when  it  was 
further  adjourned  to  the  lOth,  and  again 
to  the  11th  July f  when  a  division  took 
place.  Ayes  164*,  Noes  243.  Sir  R. 
Peel  addressed  the  House  on  Monday  the 
10th.  He  began  by  disclaiming  any  in- 
tention of  party  recrimination ;  and  then 
proceeded  to  discuss  seriatim  the  alleged 
grievances.  The  profusion  of  the  pecu- 
iiiary  grants  made  to  Ireland  for  domestic 
and  internal  purposes,  and  her  immunity 
from  taxation,  were  easily  proved,  and 
effectually  repelled  the  imputation  of  fiscal 
oppression.  He  then  read  a  letter  ad< 
dressed  by  him  to  the  Lord>  Lieutenant 
in  1841,  directing  the  distribution  of 
Church  patronage  to  be  made  with  an  ex- 
elusive  view  to  the  usefulness  and  merit 
of  the  candidates  ;  and  ridiculed  the  out- 
cry made  about  a  Scotchman's  having  suc- 
ceeded in  an  open  post-office  contract  as 
childish,  and  insulting  to  the  good  sense 
of  Ireland.  On  the  Education  question, 
10 


the  Oovemment  had  sacrificed  party  in- 
terests to  their  views  of  general  utility  ; 
and  several  instances  were  cited  in  which 
Irishmen  bad  been  spontaneously  ap- 
pointed to  the  public  service  in  England, 
in  preference  to  English  or  Scotch  can- 
didates. With  respect  to  the  construction 
of  railways,  he  had  some  doubt  of  the 
propriety  of  taxing  one  part  of  the  coun- 
try for  the  benefit  of  the  other,  unless 
there  was  a  certainty  that  the  railway 
would  become  profitable  ;  for  otherwise 
it  would  only  give  a  stimulus  for  the  mo- 
ment, followed  by  a  greater  state  of  de- 
pression than  that  which  it  was  intended 
to  remedy.  In  reply  to  an  observation 
of  Lord  Howick's,  he  said  that  the  Ro- 
man Catholics  now  enjoyed  equal  civil 
rights  as  the  other  subjects  of  the  Crown, 
and  that  the  oaths  were  so  altered  that 
the  offensive  portions  relating  to  transub- 
stantiation  were  abolished.  '<  I  am  asked," 
said  the  Right  Hon.  Baronet, ' '  what  course 
I  intend  to  pursue?  *  Declare  your 
course,'  is  the  demand.  I  am  prepared 
to  pursue  that  course  which  I  consider  I 
have  pursued,  namely,  to  administer  the 
government  of  Ireland  upon  the  principles 
of  justice  and  impartiality.  I  am  prepared 
to  recognise  the  principle  established  by 
law,  that  there  shall  be  equality  of  civil 
privileges.  I  am  prepared  in  respect  of 
the  franchise  to  give  a  substantial  and  not 
a  fictitious  right  of  Suffrage.  In  respect 
to  the  social  condition  of  Ireland  we  are 
prepared  also— but  that  is  a  matter  for  le- 
gislation, and  we  all  feel  that  no  partial 
legislation  will  be  proper  or  effective — we 
are  prepared  to  consider  the  relations  of 
Landlord  and  Tenant  deliberately,  and  all 
the  important  questions  involved  therein. 
With  respect  to  the  Established  Church, 
we  are  not  prepared  to  make  one  alteration 
in  the  law  by  which  that  Church  and  its 
revenues  shall  be  impaired.**  He  was  not 
ashamed  to  act  with  care  and  moderation, 
and  he  claimed  for  the  Government  the 
right  to  decide  upon  the  application  of 
the  existing  law,  or  upon  the  necessity  of 
asking  Parliament  for  measures  of  co- 
ercion. If  the  necessity  should  arise, 
he  knew  that  past  forbearance  was 
the  strongest  claim  to  being  entrusted 
with  fuller  powers  when  they  thought 
proper  to  ask  for  them.  It  was  their  firm 
determination  to  oppose,  by  authority  and 
by  power,  the  repeal  of  the  Union,  to  the 
full  extent  of  their  ability ;  but  it  was 
sufficient  to  adopt  the  necessary  measures 
of  precaution  until  they  found  moderation 
unavailing. 

Almost  every  other  evening  during  the 
month  has  been  occupied  with  discussions 
in  Committee  on  the  Arms  (Ireland) 
Bill. 


1843  J 


Foreign  Netvs.'-^Domestic  Occurrences. 


193 


HovBE  OP  Lords.  June  27. 
The  Bishop  of  London^  in  moving  the 
second  reading  of  the  Church  Endow- 
ment Bill,  said,  it  was  a  measure  that 
was  calculated  to  prove  a  valuable  benefit 
to  the  Church  of  this  country.  It  had 
been  passed  with  remarkable  unanimity 
in  the  other  House  of  Parliament,  and 
he  trusted,  nay,  he  was  sure,  it  would  be 
received  in  the  same  spirit  by  their  Lord- 


ships. Indeed,  considering  the  nature  of 
the  Bill,  seeing  that  its  sole  object  was  to 
allow  the  Church,  from  her  own  resources, 
to  provide  a  remedy  for  the  spiritual  des- 
titution which  existed  in  many  parts  of 
the  country,  he  did  not  anticipate  that  it 
would  meet  with  any  opposition.  After 
a  few  words  from  Lord  Montedyla  and 
Lord  Brougham f  the  Bill  was  read  a  se- 
cond time. 


FOREIGN   NEWS. 


SPAIN. 

The  insurrectionary  movement  againt 
Espartero  has  been  extending  in  various 
parts  of  the  country.  One  of  the  alleged 
causes  of  discontent  is  the  recent  bOm- 
bard ment  of  Barcelona;  another  avowed 
object  is  to  procure  the  declaration  that 
the  Queen  was  now  of  age,  and  thus  get 
rid  at  once  of  the  Regent  and  of  the  pre- 
tensions of  the  ex -Queen  Regent.  A 
provisional  junta  has  been  established  in 
Catalonia,  and  Colonel  Prim  is  repre- 
sented to  be  at  the  head  of  a  considerable 
bodv  of  insurgents.  Corunna  declared 
itself  in  their  favour  on  the  I8th  of  June, 
and  Seville  on  the  19th.  Espartero  left 
Madrid  for  Valencia  on  the  21st  June. 
The  troops  preceded  him  on  the  20tb, 
to  the  number  of  6,000  infantry,  two 
regiments  of  cavalry,  and  15  pieces  of 
artillery.  This  force  would  be  joined  by 
large  detachments  from  other  parts  of  the 
kingdom.  It  was  believed  that  after  re- 
ducing Valencia  he  would  establish  bis 
head-quarters  in  the  village  of  Roda. 
This  position  would  enable  him  to  com- 
municate with  the  right  wing  of  his  army 
operating  in  Andalusia,  under  the  orders 
of  Generals  Van  Halen  and  Infante,  and 
with  the  left  wing  commanded  by  Generals 
Seoane  and  Zurbano.  On  the  11th  July 
Madrid  was  declared  in  a  state  of  war ; 
but  it  was  at  the  same  time  announced 


that  the   Queen  would  not    leave    the 
capital. 

CHILI. 

On  the  15th  of  March  Valparaiso  was 
the  scene  of  a  calamity  such,  as  has  never 
before  been  equalled  in  Chili,  by  a  fire 
which  broke  out  in  the  morning  and 
destroyed  a  great  part  of  the  city.  The 
damage  is  roughly,  though  perhaps  over, 
estimated  at  400,000/.  Of  ^he  goods 
destroyed  or  injured,  3,^00  bales  of  mer- 
chandise are  enumerated.  The  value  of 
the  whole  is  estimated  at  579,000  dollars, 
or  somewhere  about  115,000/. 

DENMARK. 

A  fire  broke  out  at  Copenhagen  on  the 
night  of  the  20th  of  June,  and  destroyed  a 
great  part  of  the  richest  quarter  of  the  city, 
the  Christiansharon,  which  contained  ex- 
tensive  warehouses  and  stores.  The  total 
loss  of  property  is  estimated  at  2,000,000 
of  rlx  bank  dollars^  or  5,000,000  of  francs. 

SANDWICH  ISLANDS. 

The  King  of  these  islands  recently  made 
over  the  whole  of  them  as  a  ransom  to 
Lord  G.  Paulet,  who  took  possession  of 
them  for  Great  Britain  until  he  received  fur- 
ther instructions.  The  Government  at 
home  has,  however,  decided  that  they  shall 
remain  as  an  indiependent  kingdom,  and  a 
treaty  of  commerce  has  been  concladed. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


June  28.  Her  Royal  Highness  the 
Princess  Augusta  Caroline  Charlotte 
Elizabeth  Mary  Sophia  Louisa,  eldest 
daughter  of  His  Royal  Highness  the 
Duke  of  Cambridge,  was  married  to  His 
Royal  Highness  Frederick  W^illiam 
Charles  George  Ernest  Adolphus  Gus- 
tavus.  Hereditary  Grand  Duke  of  Meck- 
lenburg Strelitz,  in  the  Chapel  Royal  of 
Buckingham   Palace.    The   members  of 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


the  royal  family,  and  other  rojral  and  illus- 
trious visitors,  assembled  in  the  Drawing 
Room  at  half  past  eight  o'clock  in  the 
evening.  Her  Royal  Highness  the  Prin- 
cess Augusta  Caroline,  upon  her  arrival, 
was,  with  her  suite,  conducted  to  a  room 
adjoining  the  Drawing  Room.  The 
Grand  Duke,  upon  his  arrival  at  the 
Palace,  was  conducted  to  the  Drawing 
Room.     The  Ambassadors,  Foreign  Mi- 

2C 


194 


Domeaiie  Oeeurrenees, 


[Ang. 


nistera,  Cabinet  Ministers,  and  others  in- 
vited  to  the  solemnity,  assembled  in  the 
Library,  at  Buckingham  Palace,  at  eight 
o'clock,  and,  upon  their  arrival,  were 
conducted  by  the  Officers  of  Arms  to 
seats  provided  for  them  in  the  Chapel. 
The  Archbishops  of  Canterbury  and 
York,  the  Bishop  of  London,  the  Bishop 
of  Norwich  T Clerk  of  the  Closet),  witn 
the  Dean  oi  Carlisle  (Rector  of  St. 
George's,  Hanover-square),  the  Hon. and 
Rev.    Charles    Leslie    Courtenay  (Do- 


mestic Chaplain  to  Her  Majesty),  Arch- 
deacon  Wiloerforce,  and  Lord  Wriothes- 
ley  Russell,  Canon  of  Windsor  (Chap- 
lains to  his  Royal  Highness  Prince  Al. 
bert),  and  the  Rev.  Evan  Nepean,  as. 
sembled  in  the  room  adjoining  the  Old 
Dining  Room. 

As  soon  as  the  visitors  had  taken  their 
seats,  the  Procession  of  Her  Majesty 
having  been  formed,  moved  from  the 
Queen's  apartments  in  the  following 
order : 


Lancaster  Herald,  Windsor  Herald, 

A.  W.  Woods,  Esq.  R.  Laurie,  Esq. 

Equerry  in  Waiting  to  H.  R.  H.  Clerk  Marshal,  Equerry  in  Waiting 

Prince  Albert,  Maj.-Gen.  Sir        Lieut.-Col.  Lord  Charles  to  the  Queen, 

E.  Bowater,  K.C.H.  Wellesley.  Col.  Edw.  Buckley. 


Treasurer  of  the  Household, 
Earl  Jermyn. 

Gent.  Usher  Daily  Waiter,  and  to  the 
Sword  of  State,  Sir  William  Martins. 

Garter  Principal  King  of  Arms, 

carrying  his  Sceptre, 
Sir  Charles  George  Young,  Knt. 

Groom  in  Waiting 

to  the  Queen, 

Capt.  Hon.  Arthur  Duncombe,  R.N, 

Lord  in  Waiting  to  the  Queen. 
Viscount  Hawarden. 


Comptroller  of  the  Household, 
Rt.  Hon.  Geo.  Lionel  Dawson  Damer. 

Gentleman  Usher  of  the  Privy  Chamber, 
Charles  Heneage,  Esq. 

Gentleman  Usher  of  the  Black  Rod, 

carrying  his  Rod, 
Sir  Aug*  Wm.  James  Clifford,  Bart. 

Groom  of  the  Bedchamber 

to  H.  R.  H.  Prince  Albert, 

General  Sir  George  Anson,  G.C.B. 

Lord  of  the  Bedchamber  to  Prince  Albert, 
Lord  George  Lennox. 

Their  Serene  Highnesses  the  Prince  and  Princess  Peter  of  Oldenburg, 
the  Prince  attended  by  Mons.  Lerche,  and  the  Princess  by  Madame  de  Maltzoff, 

His  Serene  Highness  the  Prince  Reuss  Lobeilstein  Ebersdorff, 
attended  by  Baron  de  Beust. 

His  Royal  Highness  Prince  George, 
attended  by  Lieutenant.  Colonel  Sir  William  Davison,  K.H. 

His  Royal  Highness  the  Crown  Prince  of  WOrtemburg, 
attended  by  General  Baron  de  Mauder  and  Comte  de  Zeppelin. 

H,  R.  H.  the  Duchess  of  Cambridge  and  H.  R.  H.  Princess  Mary,  attended  by 
Lady  Augusta  Somerset,  and  Major. Gen.  Sir  James  H.  Reynett,  K.C.H. 

Her  Royal  Highness  the  Duchess  of  Kent, 
attended  by  Lady  Anna  Maria  Dawson,  iemd  Colonel  Sir  George  Couper,  Bart.  C.B. 

Her  Royal  Highness  the  Duchess  of  Gloucester, 
attended  by  Lady  Georgiana  Bathurst,  and  Capt.  the  Hon.  G.  A.  F.  Liddell. 

The  King  and  Queen  of  the  Belgians, 

the  King  attended  by  Baron  de  Dieskau,  and  Count  Moerkerke ; 

the  Queen  attended  by  La  Comtesse  Vilain  XIV. 

The  Lord  Steward,  The  Lord  Chamberlain, 

Earl  of  Liverpool.  Earl  De  La  Warr. 

The  QUEEN  and  His  Royal  Highness  PRINCE  ALBERT. 

Master  of  the  Horse         Mistress  of  the  Robes,  Groom  of  the  Stole 

to  the  Queen,  Duchess  of  Buccleuch.  to  H.  R.  H.  Prince  Albert, 

Earl  of  Jersey,  G.  C.  H.  Marquess  of  Exeter,  K.  G. 

Lady  of  the  Bedchamber  in  Waiting,  Countess  of  Dunmore. 

Maids  of  Honour  in  Waiting, 
Hon.  Miu  Matilda  Paget  Lady  Caroline  Somers  Cocks. 

Bedchamber  Woman  in  Waiting,  Lady  Gardner. 

Cgpt.  of  Yeomen  of  Guard,       Gold  Stick  in  Waiting,       Capt.  of  Gent,  at  Arms, 
Earl  of  Beyerley*        Gen,  Vise.  Combermere,  G.C.B,        Lord  Forester. 


i843.] 


Domestic  Occurrences, 


m 


Master  of  the  Household,  Master  of  the  Buekhounds, 

Hon.  Charles  Augustus  Murray.  Earl  of  Kosslyn. 

Silver  Stick  in  Waiting,  Field  Officer  in  Brigade  Waiting, 

Col.  William  Richardson,  R.  H.  Guards.  Col.  Robert  Ellison,  Qren.  Guards. 


The  Bride  and  Bridegroom,  with  their 
supporters  and  attendants,  remained  in 
the  Queen's  apartments  till  her  Ma. 
je8ty*s  Procession  reached  the  Chapel. 
The  Vice- Chamberlain  of  the  Household 
and  the  Master  of  the  Ceremonies  were 
in  attendance  at  the  Chapel ;  and,  upon 
the  entrance  of  the  Queen*s  Procession, 
the  Officers  of  Arms  and  Officers  of  the 
Household  arranged  themselves  on  either 
side,  when  the  Vice- Chamberlain,  as- 
sisted by  the  Master  of  the  Ceremonies, 
conducted  the  royal  and  illustrious  per- 
sonages to  the  seats  provided  for  them 
on     the    haut-pas.     Her    Majesty    the 


Queen,  the  Prince  Albert,  and  the  other 
'Royal  and  Illustrious  Personages,  having 
taken  their  seats,  the  great  officers  of  the 
household  and  the  Mistress  of  the  RobeS 
took  their  places  near  the  Queen  and  his 
Royal  Highness.  The  attendants  form* 
ing  the  suites  of  the  royal  family  and  il- 
lustrious visitors  arranged  themselves  on 
either  side.  The  Lord  Chamberlain,  ac- 
companied by  the  Groom  of  the  Stole  to 
the  Prince  Albert,  and  the  Lord  and 
Groom  in  Waiting  to  her  Majesty,  re- 
turned to  the  royal  apartments,  and  con- 
ducted the  Bridegroom  to  the  Chapel  in 
the  following  order : 


Richmond  Herald,  Bridegroom's  Gent,  of  Honour,  Chester  Herald, 

J.  Pulman,  Esq.  Major  Henry  Sykes  Stephens.  W.  k,  Blount,  Esq. 

Groom  in  Waiting  to  the  Queen,  Lord  in  Waiting  to  the  Queen, 

Capt.  the  Hon.  Arthur  Duncombe,  R.N.  Viscount  Hawarden. 

Groom  of  the  Stole  to  Prince  Albert,  Lord  Chamberlain, 

Marquess  of  Exeter,  K.G.  Earl  De  La  Warr. 

THE  BRIDEGROOM, 

supported  on  the  right  by  the  Duke  of  Beaufort,  K.G.,  and  on  the  left  by  the  Duke 
of  Devonshire,  K.G.  and  attended  by  Baron  Bernstorff. 


His  Royal  Highness  having  been  so 
conducted  to  the  Chapel,  and  having 
taken  his  seat,  the  Lord  Chamberlain,  ac- 
companied as  before,  returned  to  the  royal 
apartments,  and  conducted  his  Majesty 


the  King  of  Hanover  and  the  Duke  of 
Cambridge  to  the  Bride,  whose  Pro- 
cession then  moved  in  the  following 
order : 


Richmond  Herald,  The  Bride*s  Gentleman  of  Honour,  Chester  Herald, 

J.  Pulman,  Esq.  Capt.  Baron  Knesebeck.  W.  A.  Blount,  Esq. 

Groom  in  Waiting  to  the  Queen,  Lord  in  Waiting  to  the  Queen, 

Capt.  the  Hon.  Arthur  Duncombe^  R.N.  Viscount  Hawarden. 

Groom  of  the  Stole  to  Prince  Albert,  The  Lord  Chamberlain, 

Marquess  of  Exeter,  K.G.  Earl  De  La  Warr. 

THE  BRIDE, 

supported  on  the  right  by  His  Majesty  the  King  of  Hanover, 
and  on  the  left  by  His  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Cambridge ; 

the  train  of  Her  Royal  Highness  being  borne  by 
Lady  Alexandrina  Vane,  Lady  Elizabeth  Leveson  Gower, 

Lady  Mary  Campbell,  Lady  Clementina  Villiers. 

Lady  in  Waiting  on  H.  R.  Highness,  Baroness  de  Normann. 

Attendants  on   the  King  of   Hanover,   General  Baron  Hattorff,  Baron  Malortie^ 
Baron  Falcke,  Baron  Reitzenstein,  and  Captain  Scliker. 

Attendant  on  the  Duke  of  Cambridge,  Colonel  Keate. 


The  Bride  having  been  conducted  to 
her  seat,  the  Lord  Chamberlain,  and  of- 
ficers accompanying  him,  retired  to  their 
places,  and  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
commenced  the  service.  Upon  the  en- 
trance of  the  Queen  into  the  chapel,  the 
Coronation  Anthem  was  performed  pre- 
yious  to  the  commencement  of  the  ser- 


vice (being  the  anniversary  of  her  Ma- 
jesty's Coronation),  the  Queen's  private 
band  assisting.  The  Bride  was  given 
away  by  her  father  the  Duke  of  Cam- 
bridge. The  psalm  was  sung  by  the  gen- 
tlemen choristers  of  the  Chapel  Royal; 
and,  upon  the  condusion  of  tne  servicey 
the  Hallelujah  Choms  was  sung. 


196 


Domestic  Occurrences, 


[Aug. 


The  ceremony  being  over,  the  Bride, 
led  by  the  Bridegroom,  left  the  Chapel, 
accompanied  by  their  supporters  and  at- 
tendants, and,  preceded  by  the  Vice- 
Chamberlain,  Treasurer  of  the  Household, 
and  Chester  and  Richmond  Heralds,  pro- 
ceeded to  the  Library.  The  Queen's 
Procession,  on  leaving  the  Chapel,  re- 
turned in  the  same  order  to  the  Library, 
where  the  registration  of  the  Marriage 
was  made  and  attested  with  the  usual  for- 
malities. The  Queen,  Prince  Albert, 
the  Bride  and  Bridegroom,  the  Royal 
Family,  and  the  rest  of  the  Company, 
then  proceeded  through  the  Great  Hall, 
and  up  the  grand  staircase  to  the  state 
apartm^ts,  where  a  large  evening  party 
invited  by  her  Majesty  was  assembled. 

The  Bride  and  Bridegroom  arrived  at 
Kew  at  twelve  o'clock  under  a  Royal 
salute.  .  Illuminations  rendered  the  scene 
almost  as  distinct  as  in  open  daylight, 
and  crowds  were  assembled  to  witness  the 
arrival  of  the  illustrious  pair,  who  were 
received  with  loud  acclamations.  In  a 
few  minutes  after,  fireworks  commenced, 
which  lasted  for  upwards  of  an  hour. 
The  Hereditary  Grand  Duke  and  Duchess 
left  Kew  on  Monday  July  3,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  Dover,  where  they  embarked 
on  Tuesday  for  Calais. 

His  Majesty  the  King  of  Hanover  has 
remained  in  England  during  the  month, 
and  has  been  fully  engaged  both  in  public 
and  private  companies.  Their  Majesties 
the  King  and  Queen  of  the  Belgians 
landed  at  Woolwich  from  Ostend,  on  the 
23rd  of  June,  and  took  their  departure  on 
the  12th  of  July. 

The  proceedings  of  the  Rebecca  rioters 
continue   to  keep  the  'counties  of  Car. 
martben  and   Glamorgan   in   a  state  of. 
ferment.     They  were  expected  to  attack 
the  town  of  Carmarthen  on  Sunday  the 
I8th  of  June,  but  did  not  come.     On  the 
following  morning,   however,  at  twelve 
o'clock,  several  thousands  of  the  rioters 
were  seen  approaching,  about  900  being 
on  horseback,  with  one  in  front  disguised 
with  a  woman's  curls,  to  represent  Re- 
becca, and  irom  7,000  to  8,000  on   foot, 
walking  about  14  or  15  abreast.     Every 
man    was   armed  with   a  bludgeoiv,  and 
some  of  them  had  pistols.     At  their  head 
were   carried   two   banners,   bjaring  in- 
scriptionsin  Welsh, ol  '*  Freedom,  Liberty, 
and  Better  Feed ;"  and  "  Free  Toll  and 
Liberty.'*     On  reaching  the  workhouse, 
they  broke  open  the  gates  of  the  court  in 
^  front,  and,  having  gained  an  entrance  into 
the  house,  they  immediately  demolished 
the  furniture,  and  threw  the  beds  and 
bedding  out  of  the  windows.     While  they 
were  thus  pursuing  the  work  of  destruc- 
tion, a  troop  of  the  ^^tb  Light  Dragoons 


arrived  from  Neath,  and  having  entered 
the  court  succeeded  in  taking  all  those 
within  prisoners,  about  250  in  number, 
during  which  time  they  were  pelted  with 
stones  and  other  missiles.  The  Riot 
Act  being  read,  and  a  cry  being  raised  that 
the  soldiers  were  going  to  charge,  the 
mob  fled  in  every  direction,  leaving  more 
than  60  horses,  besides  the  above 
prisoners,  in  the  hands  of  the  captors. 

June  27,     The  New    Infant   Orphan 
Asylum    at    Wansteadt   the  foundation 
stone  of  which  was   laid   by  his  Royal 
Highness  Prince  Albert,  on  the  24tb  of 
July,  1841,  was  opened  by  his  Majesty 
the  King  of  the  Belgians,  who  graciously 
became  his  nephew*s  lieutenant  because 
the    Prince  was    suffering  from  a  cold. 
His  Majesty  was  received  at  Lea  Bridge, 
which  connects  the  counties  of  Middlesex 
and  Essex,  by  a  detachment  of  the  West 
Essex  Yeomanry  Cavalry,  under  the  com- 
mand  of  Col.    Bulmer,    who    had    the 
honour  of  escorting  his   Majesty  to  the 
asylum.     On  the  arrival  of  the  proces- 
sion the  band  of  the  Coldstream  Guards 
cornmenced  playing  the  national  anthem, 
and  the  King  of  the  Belgians  and  bis  suite 
were  met  by  the  stewards,  the  committee, 
the    infant  children    attended  by    their 
teachers,  the  Lord  Mayor,  the  Sheriffs, 
and  the  clergy,  who  preceded  his  Majesty 
to  the  building,  and  conducted  him  to  the 
committee-room,  where  his  Majesty  was 
received  by  the  Marquess  of  Westminster, 
Earl  Manvers,  the  young  Earl  of  Coventry 
(himself  an  orphan  of  five  years  of  age), 
Lord  R.  Grosvenor,  M.P.  &c.  &c.    The 
King  of  the  Belgians,  after  the  introduc- 
tions had   taken   place,   made    the  first 
entry  in  the  visitors'  book  by  affixing  his 
autograph,  after  which  the  nobility  and 
gentry  present  also  entered  their  names. 
Prince   Albert  sent  a  donation   of  100 
guineas,  to  which  the  King  of  the  Bel- 
gians added  the  same  amount.     His  Ma- 
jesty proposed  the  toast  of  **  Prosperity 
to  the  Infant  Orphan  Asylum.''     "  No- 
thing,"  observed    bis    Majesty,    **  could 
give  me  greater  pleasure  than  being  pre- 
sent on  an  occasion  like  this ;  although  I 
have  deeply  to  regret  the  cause,  viz.  the 
indisposition    of    my    beloved    relative, 
Prince    Albert ;    but,    thank    God,   his 
Royal   Highness   is  not  seriously  indis- 
posed.    Had  it  not  been  for  the  advice  of 
his  physician   he  would    have  certainly 
been   here   this   day;    but    I   have    the 
greatest  satisfaction  in  thus  acting  as  his 
deputy,  and  endeavouring  to    promote, 
however  humbly,  the  welfare  and  pros- 
perity of  this  excellent  institution."    The 
whole  sum  collected  and  announced  during 
the  afternoon  amounted  to  upwards  of 
5000;. 


<97 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Gazette  Promotions. 

June  14.  The  Marquess  of  Bute  and  the  Earl 
of  Mansfield  elected  Knights  of  the  Thistle. 

June  23.  Gen.  Charles- William  Marquess 
of  Londonderry,  G.CB.  to  he  Ck)lonel  of  the 
2d  Ldfe  Guards.— 10th  Dragoons.  Ms^or-Gen. 
Hon.  H.  B.  Lygon  to  be  Colonel.— 13th  Foot, 
brevet  Major  if.  Havelock  to  be  Major.— 29th 
Foot,  Lt.-Col.  C.  C.  Taylor  to  be  Lieut.-Col.— 
60th  Foot,  0.  R.  Boyes,  M.U.  to  be  Surgeon. 

June  27.  Capt.  and  brevet  Lt.-Col.  Charles 
Townley,  of  late  Brit.  Aux.  Legion,  to  accept 
the  supernumerary  cross  of  Charles  IIL,  the 
cross  1st  class  of  san  Fernando,  and  cross  of 
Isabella  the  Catholic,  conferred  for  his  services 
during  the  late  civil  war  in  Spain.— Wiltshire 
Militia,  The  Hon.  F.  H.  P.  Methuen  to  be 
Major.— North  Mid-Lothian  Yeomanry  Cav. 
Sir  J.  Hope.  Bart,  to  be  Lieut.-Colonel  Com- 
mandant :  the  Earl  of  Morton  to  be  Lieut.- 
Col.  ;  G.  Wauchope,  esq.  to  be  Major.— The 
Dorset  Yeomanry  Cavalry  to  be  designated  the 
Queen's  Own  Regiment  of  Yeomanry  Cavalry. 
— Crofton  Moore  Vandeleur,  esq.  to  be  Col.  of 
the  Clare  Militia. 

July  1.  Lieut.  Colling^ood  Dickson,  R.  Art. 
to  accept  the  supernumerary  cross  of  Charles 
the  Third ;  the  cross,  first  chiss,  of  San  Fer- 
nando ;  and  the  cross  of  Isabella  the  Catholic, 
conferred  for  his  services  in  the  field  in  1810, 
at  Morella  and  Berga.and  during  the  late  civil 
war  in  Spain. 

July  4.  M  ajor-Gen.  Sir  Charles  James  Napier, 
K.C.B.  to  be  G.C.B.— To  be  Companions  of  the 
Bath.  Lieut.-Colonels   John  L.  Pennefather, 
32d  Foot  -,  John  Poole,22d  Foot ;  Philip  M'Pher- 
son,  17th  Foot ;  Majors  F.  D.  George,  22d  Foot, 
Thomas  S.  Conway,  22d  Foot.  Also  the  follow- 
ing Officers  in  the  East  India  Company's  Ser- 
vice, Colonel  William  Pattle.  9th  Bengal  Cav. 
Lieut.-Colonels  A.  T.  Reid,  12th  Bombay  Nat. 
Inf. ;  Charles  Waddington,  Bomb.  Eng. ;  Mau- 
rice Stack,  3d  Bomb.  Cav. ;  William  Wyllie, 
21st  Bomb.  N.  Inf. ;  Walter  J.  Browne,  8th 
Bomb.  N.  Inf. ;  P.  F.  Storey,  9th  Bengal  Cav. ; 
Alex.  Woodburn,  25th  Bomb.  N.  Inf. ;  John 
Lloyd,  Bomb.  Art. ;  James  Outram,  23d  Bomb. 
N.  inf. ;  and  J.  T.  Leslie.  Bomb.  Art. ;  Majors 
Charles  H.  Delamaiu.  3a  Bomb.  Cav. ;  JVIich. 
F.  Willoughby,  Bomb.  Art. ;  W.  T.  Whitlie, 
Bomb.  An. ;  George  Fisher,  12th  Bomb.  N. 
Inf. ;  John  Jackson,  25th  Bomb.  N.  Inf. ;  Auch- 
rauty  Tucker,  9th  Bengal  Cav. ;  S.  J.  Stevens, 
21st  Bomb.  N.  Inf. :  Edward  Green,  21st  Bomb. 
N.  Inf. ;  W.  B.  G.  Blenkins,  6th  Bomb.  N.  Inf. 
Brevet.— To  be  Lieut. -Cols,  in  the  Army,  Majors 
John  Poole,  22d  Foot,  and  Philip  M'Pherson, 
17th  Foot.— To  be  Majors  in  the  Army,  Capts. 
F.  D.  George,  22d  Foot,  and  T.  S.  Conway,  22d 
Foot.— To  be  Aide-de-Carap  to  the  Queen,  with 
the  rank  of  Colonel  in  the  Army  in  the  East 
Indies,  Lieut-Col.  William  Pattle,  9th  of  Ben- 
gal Cav.— To  be  Lieutenant-Colonels   in   the 
Army  in  the  East  Indies,  Majors  A.  T.  Reid, 
C.  Waddington,  Maurice  Stack,  William  Wyllie, 
W.  J.  Browne,  P.  F.  Story,  Alex.  Woodburn, 
John  IJoyd,  James  Outram,  and  J.  T.  Leslie.— 
To  be  Majors  in  the  Army  in  the  East  Indies, 
Captains  C.  U.  Delamain,  M.  F.  Willoughby, 
W.  T.  Whitlie,  George  Fisher,  F.  N.  B.  Tucker, 
John  Jackson,  Auchmuty  Thicker,  S.  J.  Stevens, 
Edward  Green,  and  W.  B.  G.  Blenkins. 

July  7.  William  Musgrave,  esq.  to  be  Puisne 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  colony  of 
tbevape  of  Good  Hope,-^apt.  R.  Daly,  or  the 


51st  Foot,  to  be  Captain  of  Gentlemen  Cadets 
of  the  Royal  Military  CoUcfire.— Capt.  T.  Butler, 
to  be  Capt.  51  st  Foot,  and  brevet  Major  in  the 
army  (the  latter  commission  dated  10th  Jan. 
1837). 

July  10.  Edward  Thomas-Row  (heretofbre 
Edward  Stei>henson),  of  Felton,  Northumber- 
land, gent,  in  compliance  with  the  will  of 
Thomas  Row,  of  Mile  End,  Middlesex,  ship 
owner,  deceased,  to  continue  to  use  the  sur- 
names of  Thomas-Row,  instead  of  Stephenson. 

July  14.  1st  Foot  Guards,  brevet  Col.  C.  F.  R. 
Lascelles  to  be  Major;  brevet  Col.  Thomas 
Drake  to  be  Capt.  and  Lieut.-Colonel ;  Lieut, 
and  Capt.  C.  W.  Ridley  to  be  Capt.  and  Lieut.- 
Colonel.— 1st  Foot,  Lieut.-Col.  R.  Mullen  to  be 
Lieut.-Col. ;  brevet  Major  Georce  Bell  to  be 
Major.— 55th  Foot,  brevet  Lieut.-Col.  Norman 
Maclean  to  be  Miyor.— 86th  Foot,  Xiieut.-Col. 
A.  S.  H.  Aplin,  from  89th  Foot,  to  be  Lieut.- 
Col.  vice  Lieut. -Col.  J.  W.  Bouverie,  who  ex- 
changes.—92d  Foot,  Staff  Suraeon,  2d  class, 
Thomas  Foss  to  be  Surgeon.— Brevet  Col.  G.  A. 
Wetherall,  1st  Foot,  to  be  Deputy  Adjutant- 
Gen,  of  the  Forces  in  Canada,  mee  Lieut*. -Col. 
Eden,  appointed  Assistant  Adjutant-Gen.  in 
Norih  Britain,— West  Riding  Yeomanry  Ca- 
valry, George  Pollard;  esq.  to  be  Major. 

July  20.  Richard  Graves  MacDonuell,  esg. 
to  be  Jud^  of  Her  Majesty's  Settlements  in 
the  Gambia.— Henry  Joseph  Hamblin,  esq.  to 
be  Surgeon  of  Her  Majesty^s  Settlements  in  the 
Falkland  Islands.  —  Maria-Emma-Katherine 
Coventry,  only  sister  of  George  William  now 
Earl  of  Coventry,  to  have  the  same  prece- 
dence as  if  her  late  father  had  succeeded  to 
the  said  title  and  dignity  of  Earl  of  Coventry. 
July  21.  44th  Foot,  Capt.  the  Hon.  A.  A. 
Spencer,  from  43d  Foot,  to  be  M^or.— ^7th 
Foot,  Mi^or  J.  W.  Randolph^  from  94th  Foot, 
to  be  Mfuor.- 94th  Foot,  Msyor  James  Brown, 
from  57tn  Foot,  to  be  Major. 

Naval  Promotions. 
Apj>ointmenti.--Csjpt.'J.  A.  Duntze,  to  the 
Fisgard ;  Capt.  H.  Austin,  C.B.  to  the  Cy- 
clops ;  Commanders :  G.  G.  Otway,  to  the 
Virago ;  A.  Morrel,  to  the  Espoir ;  Lieut.  A. 
Farquhar,  to  Malabar,  as  Flag-Lieut,  to  Rear- 
Admiral  Bowles ;  Capts.  C.  H.  Fremantle, 
to  the  Inconstant ;  Robert  Fair,  K.H.  to  the 
Conway. 

ECOLBSIASTICAL   PREFERMENTS. 

Rev.  W.  Archdall,  to  the  Prebend  of  Tecolme, 
and  the  R.  of  Rathasbrio,  Queen's  County. 

Rev.  J.  Adeney,  Christ  Church  P.C.  Enfiela. 

Rev.  T.  Ainsworth,  Carbrooke  V.  Norfolk. 

Rev.  J.  Ashley,  Teversham  R.  Cambridgeshire. 

Rev.  F.  Brown,  Stopham  R.  Sussex. 

Rev.  E.  U.  Bucknall  Escourt,  Eckington  R. 
Derbyshire. 

Rev.  Mr.  Courtney,  St.  Sidwell's  P.C.  Exeter. 

Rev.  J.  Gumming,  Feniton  R.  Devon. 

Rev.  W.  B.  Dalton,  Little  Burstead  R.  Essex. 

Rev.  W.  Elliott,  St.  Nicholas  P.C.  Gloucester. 

Rev.  J.  T.  C.  Fawcett,  Kildwick  V.  Yorkshire. 

Rev.  C.  J.  Fisher,  Ovington  and  TUbnry  R. 

Rev.  G.S.  Harding,  Tong  P.C.  Salop. 
Rev.  H.  Heming,  Northmoor  P.C.  Oxfordsh. 
Rev.  J.  W.  Hildyard,  Salt  P.C.  Staffordshire. 
Rev.  R.  HiU,  St.  Barnabas  P.C.  London. 
Rev.  R,  Howard,  UaortuOiulr  B,  I>eiibifli8li, 


Births  and  Marriages 


[Aug. 


IVTin  B.  Aoglesey. 
loTer  V.  NortGDmbcrliind. 


BcT.  H.  JaneB,  Uandi.. ... 

Bet.  W.  C  King,  Woofer  V.  N 
B«T.  J.  LiBsworthy,  Backwell 
Be*.  W.  Muhiter,  St.  Barm 

P.C.  MUncbnter. 
Bar.  D.  Morcan.  Ham  R.  WilU. 
BCT.  J.  Robfaion,  St.  Uwrence  V.  Vork. 

e.  W.  C.  RouitbCDn,  HuTonden  V.  Npnsli 
.  C.  V.  SUncEburib,  UllinK  V.  Essei. 
BcT.  U.  Thomas,  TuddenbamY.  Suffolk. 
Bar.  E.  H.  Smltli,  KillunarBh  P.C.  Derbyih. 


Priory,  Mm.  Dtlmi  Bade 
DonlaiB-houw,  Lady  Cbu] 


I.  C.Hart,  to  Ihe  Duke  or  Argyll. 


H.R.H.  Prince  Alb«n  to  be  Lord  Higb  Steward 
»Qth,  vici  the  Dukeof  SiUMi. 
kildwyer  Andrews,  esq.  elected  Preai- 
Slr  Benl.  Brodic,  Ban.  and  Sunael 
»lden[B  or  Ibe  College 


afFlymaal 
John  Ooldir 


Benl.  I 
l.Vice. 


— At  ttok- 

liams,  e'sq.  a  son. ^At  LUndaff  Court,  the 

wire  of  the  Kev .  Geo.  Thomia,  a  ion  and  heir. 
-;— At  CarmartheB,  the  wife  of  John  Aaron 

the  seat  o'f  her  brother.  Earl  Ferrers,  the  lady 

of  the  Hon.  Henry  Hanbury  Tracy,  a  son. 

At  Pensaa  Court,  Ibe  wife  ol  Thomas  Qutton 
Broch,  esq.  a  dan.— The  wife  or  James  King 
King.  esq.  of  Moreton  Conrl,  Herefordshire,  a 

son. At  Newlsud,  Gloaceaterah.  the  wife  of 

Major  Bnrrowes.  a  son. 

JtUf  1.  At  UvadeU  House,  Ireland,  the 
lady  or  Sir  R.  Gore  Boath,  a  son.— 1.  At 
Reading,  the  wife  of  Malar  Grafton,  a  dan. 
At   Cbairbrd,  Kent,  {be  wire  or  Richard 

Somer^t,  me  wife  of  Edward  O.   Brodcrlp,' 

rire  or  Arthur  H.  Dyke 

"     •(  PcrtledgB,  the 


orfof,. 

Rev.  Dr.  Booth,  from  the  Curacy  of  Whit- 
church, Somerset,  has  t>een  appointed  Vice- 
Principal  of,  and  Professor  of  Mathematics 
in,  the  Liverpool  Collegiate  Institution. 

BcT.  T.  Scott  Bonnine  to  be  Vice-Principal  of 
Hull  College. 

T.D.Mir 

BcT.  Robert  nieln 


School  of  y orebridffe,  Yorksb . 
„ jelin  to  be  Master  of  Sidney- 

Snasex  collere,  Cambridge. 
Kev.  G.  F.  aimpson  to  be  Rector  of  the  Public 

CoU^e  Of  Canada,  about  to  be  established 

U  Honlreal. 
Bei.  W,  Fletcher  to  be  Head  Master  Of  the 

Collegiate  Orammai  School,  Southwell, 

BiaTHS. 
..Tft"^"',  A'Wentworth House, Vlacountesa 


Uie  irift  of  the  Rev.  W.  F.  Hook.  I 

19.    At  Lou  til,  the  wife  of  C.  c.  J .  <jrroe, 

esq.  »  son.— 21.    At  Linwood  Hall,  Ilie  wife 

ofHenryN.  Fo9brgoke,cs(i.ttdau. 13.    At 

Ediuburgh,  Lady  Catherine  Parker,  aclan. 

At  Leauiin^on,  the  laily  of  Lord  Elibank,  a 

dan. as.    In  Bclerave-au.  the  lady  of  the 

Right  Hon,  Henry  tabouchcre,  M.P.  «  dan. 

JS,    At  Shirehunpton,  the  wife  of  Charles 

Jebb,  esq.  adaii. ^At  Woolwich,  Lady  Collier, 

adau. as.    llic  wife  of  tlie  Rtv-  JohLComp- 

■on.  DfNetberton,  near  Dudley,  Staffordsh.  a 

son  and  heir. -a.    At  Cranford,  the  lady  of 

the  Rev.  Sir  George  S.  Robinson,  a  son, At 

Southsea,  the  wiTe  of  Capt.  ElUot,  H.  M,  S. 

EDrydice,  a  dau. 39.    At  Linwond  Hall,  tha 

wife  of  Capt.  Fosbrooke,  Mth  R^t.  a  son. 

The  wife  of  R.  Cann  Lippincott,  esq.  a  dau. 
Lately.  In  Dover-st.  ^countessPollinglon, 

Mildred  Hope,' a 


n  Connaught-pl 


linglon. 


Hamilti 


Sonfi  __ 

Chatham-pi.  Belgravc-sq,  the  'Hon,  Mrs, 


the  Hon.  Mrs.  H.  Baillie,  a  son. At  Not- 

ing-hill,  the  wife  of  P,  Hurd,  esq.  Barrister, 
■■-",- — -In  Oiford-sq.  the  wife  of  Jonathan 

esq.  Barrister,  a  dau. In  Hertford-at. 

""      ■"  "    Paris,  umy 


pHLesq,  Bi 

theHon,  Mi 

Bolhschild,  a  uau. in  lomng 

Hon.Mr3,RicbardDeamau,adan.-       

ford-park,  the  xlfe  of  Charles  Eyre,  esq.  a  son. 

At  Sudbury,  the  Hon.  Mrs,  Chas.  Dnndas, 

a  son, luEalon-pLthewifeofT.W,  Bram- 

■ton,  eaq.  U.P.  a  dau. At  St.  John's  Wood, 

ni«Hon.  Hn.C.L.Bntler,aHiD, At  Hitchin 


wtfe  ol  t* 


Rev.   J.  T.  1 „  

s.  At  Aiveston,  Warwieksh.  the  wife  of 

Tboa,  Dyke  Acland,  esq.  M.P.  a  son, 9.  At 

Comborough,  near  Bideford,  the  wite  of  B.  U. 

VIdal,  esq.  a  son. 11.  At  Kirklees  Park,  the 

lady  of  Sir  George  Annytage,  Bart,  a  Oau. 

In  Park-st,  Lady  Robert  Gro3Teiior,a  dan.— 
At  Cheltenham,  the  wife  of  Maior.Gen.  Whish, 

a  son. AtEnham  House,  Hants,  the  Hon. 

Mrs.  Browse,  a  son, 13.   At  High  Leigh, 

Cheshire,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Egerton  Leigh,  a 


MARRIAGES. 

■ji  *.  At  Hackney,  John-Lewis,  eldest  son 
1>.  Aubert,  esq.  of  Cheahiint,  Heru.  to 

aa-Martha,  youngest  dau.  of  Joseph  Toul- 

mlD,  esq.  of  Hackney. At  rottenham,  Wm. 

BdwardlBwaine.M.D.  Physician  Eitraordioarr 
to  the  Duchess  of  Kent,  to  Bmestiue-Augusta, 
third  dau.  uf  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Schwabe,  of 
Stamford  Hill.^ — -At  Walkeme,  Herts,  the 
Rev.  R.  Vickors  Pryor.  Rector  of  Spettisbury, 
. .   •- Juliana,  dan.  of  John  J,  Pryor,  esq. 


ofClay  Hall,  Herts. 

M.D.  son  of  the  late  George  Soltau,  esq.  of 
Plymmth  and  Ridxeway,  to  Caroline-Ann, 
secoDdd>ti,ofW.H.  Hawker,  esa.  of  Plymouth. 
6.  At  at.  Catherine  Cree,  Richard  Cooke 
Ooles,  Esq.,ororay'a  Inn,  to  Eliiabeth-Regina, 
only  dan,  ol  Christo^r  Kreelt,  esq.  Consol- 
Gen.  for  the  Grand  Duchy  of  MecUenburich 
&hwerln. 

iUiam  Blackwood, 
J,  Do—    ■- -      ■ 

:)iacKWVOd,  ea ...  .. 

na-Elin,  dau.  of  the  Rev. 


fbrd  Lodge,  to  Aj 
W.  J,  Jen  Blake. 
Capt,   John  Edmi 


id  Glynn,  Madras  Army, 
n^uuu  n,i,  «.  ..Li-Adm,  Glynn,  to  Harriet- 
Wells,  youngest  dau.  of  Lieut, -Col.  Hatherley, 

„/  ir„„_^.^    i„j~.     n:j.*„.,.      D^on. ^t 

John   Paley, 


Jones,  esq.  late  of  the  nil  Bwt.  to  Sarah,  dan. 
of  the  late  Oiarles  Hebbert,  esq.  of  Ealon-sq, 
10,  At  Cheltenbam,  AUnd  Hooper,  esifte 
Sophia-Amelia,  youngest  dan.  oT  tlie  hue  Rear- 

Adm.  Holland, Sl  Winster,  Ueut,  Henrr 

A.  Norman,  R.N.  to  Helen,  dau.  of  the  lata 
nonuia  Carill  Wonley ,  esq.  of  Plait  Hall,  Lw 


1S43.] 


Marriaget. 


199 


ca8hire.~«-At  Exeter,  Reginald  Darwin,  esq. 
M.D.  of  Buxton,  eldest  son  of  Sir  F.  S.  Darwin, 
of  Sidnope,  Derbysh.  to  Mary-Anne,  youngest 
dan.  of  tne  late  C.  R.  Sanders,  esq.  Devon. 

11.  At  Camberwell,  H.  Mills  Blaker,  esa.  of 
Brighton,  to   Emily,  eldest  dau.  of   Rooert 

Puckle,  esq.  of  Grove  Hill,  Camberwell. At 

St.  Geoi^e's,  Hanover-sq.  Edward  Gennys  Fan- 
sbawe,  esq.  Comm.  R.N.  to  Jane,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Cardwell,  esq.  of  Liverpool. 

^At  Leckhampton,  Capt.  Alex.  Tulloh,  R.A. 

eldest  son  of  the  late  Lieut.-Ck)l.  Tulloh,  C.B. 
and  K.T.S.  of  the  Royal  Art.  to  Mary-Louisa, 
eldest  dau.  of  James  West.  esq.  of  Cheltenham. 

^At  Harlshend,  the  Rev.  C.  W.  Holbech, 

Vicar  of  Farnborough,  Warwicksh.  to  Laura* 
Harriet,  second  dau.  of  the  late  John  Armytage, 

esq.  and  sister  of  Sir  G.  Armytage,  Bart. 

At  Chelsea,  Samuel  Leigh  Sotheby,  esq.  Wei- 
lington-st.  Strand,  to  Julia-Anna,  youngest 
dan.  of  Henry  Jones  Pitcher,  esq.  late  of  North- 
fleet,  Kent,  and  now  of  Jersey. 

18.  At  Dover,  Mons.  Ernest  Druy  Bucquet, 
of  the  Bois  de  POr,  Ardennes,  Proprietaire.  to 
Gertrude-Harriett,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
R.  T.  Streatfeild,  esq.  oi  the  Rocks,  Sussex. 

^At  Upper  Chelsea,  Joseph  Goodeve,  esq.  of 

Lincoln's-inn,  Barrister,  to  Clara-Eliza,  second 
dau.  of  the  late  William  Thompson,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Hans.pl. At  Lewisham,  Benjamin 

Baker  Galbraith,  esq.  to  Ann-Charlotte -Dealey, 
second  dau.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Fead,  C.B.  late  of 
the  Grenadier  Guards. 

16.  At  Leamington  Spa,  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Johnson,  M.A.  Incumbent  of  Atherton,  Lane, 
to  Elizabeth- Jane,  fifth  dau.  of  the  late  Samuel 
Jenkins,  esq.  Beachley,  Gloucestershire. 

80.  At  Georgetown,  St.  Vincent,  Caledon 
Richard  Egerton,  esq.  Capt.  89th  Regt.  son  of 
the  late  Rev.  Sir  Philip  Grey  Egerton.  Bart,  to 
Margaret,  third  dau.  of  Alexander  Cumming, 
esq.  of  that  island. 

81.  At  Chambly,  Canada,  Thomas  Richard 
Mills,  esq.  late  Lieut.  1st  Dragoon  Guards, 
eldest  son  of  William  Mills,  esq.  of  Saxham 
Hall,  Suffolk,  to  Emily,  third  and  only  sur- 
viving dau.  of  the  late  Hon.  Samuel  Hall, 
Seignior  of  Chambly. 

Jwie  1.  Charles  Brown,  esq.  of  Great  Tar- 
mouth,  to  Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of  Edward 
Whaites,  esq.  of  Langley  Abbey,  Norfolk. 

3.  At  St.  Andrew's  Auckland,  George  Hut- 
ton  Wilkinson,  esq.  of  Harperly  Park,  Dur- 
ham, to  Catherine  Ueydon,  widow  of  the  late 
Richard  Smith,  esq.  of  Castletown-Roche, 
Ireland,  and  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Major  A. 
P.  Skene,  Skenesborough,  United  States,  and 

of  Durham. At  Frankfort-sur-Maine,  Robt. 

eldest  son  of  John  Hickson,  of  the  Grove, 
Dingle,  esq.  D.C.L.  co.  of  Kerry,  to  Juliar 
Sopnia,  second  dau.  of  William  Sadleir  Bruere, 
esq.  late  of  Berwick. At  Culham,  Oxford- 
shire, George  Augustus  Scrope  Fane,  son  of 
John  Fane,  esq.  of  Wormsley,  Oxfordsh.  to 
Frances-Sophia-Pole,  dau.  of  the  late  John 
Phillips,  esq.  of  Culham. 

6.  Joseph  Haycock,  iun.  esq.  of  Lewisham, 
second  son  of  Joseph  Haycock,  esq.  of  Wells, 
Norfolk,  to  Caroline  Matilda,  second  dau.  of 

William  Buck,  esq.  of  Wiverton  Hall. At 

Banchory,  John  Carr,  esq.  second  son  of  the 
late  John  Carr,  of  Dunston  Hill,  esq.  to  Eliza- 
beth, dau.  of  Sir  Alex.  Ramsay,  Bart,  of  Bal- 

main,  Kincardinsh. At  Newark,  the  Rev. 

St.  George  Kirke,  son  of  the  late  Col.  Kirke, 
Retford,  Notts,  to  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Cooke,  D.D.  Head  Master  of  the 

Grammar  School,  Newark. ^At  Dryburgh 

Abbey,  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Somerville  Hay, 
Tonngest  brother  of  the  Earl  of  Erroll,  to  the 
Lady  Alicia  Srskine,  third  dau.  of  the  Earl  of 

Bochiui. At  Holmer,  Herefordsh.  Arthur 

Louis  L^ing,  esq.  of  Colchester,  to  Louisa 
Jlart^  younger   dau.  of  the  Rey.  Robert 


Pearce,  Vicar  of  Holmer,  and  Gustos  of  the- 

Cathem'al,  Hereford. At  St.  James's,  Pic 

cadilly,  Capt.  Sir  William  Henry  Dillon,  R.N., 
K.C.H.,  toElizabeth-Catharine  Maurice,  eldest 
dau.  of  T.  J.  Pettigrew;  esq.  of  Savllle-row.— • 
At  Kirkby-on-Bane,  Lmcolnsh.  the  Rev.  H.  R, 
Burdett,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  D.  J.  Burdett, 
Rector  of  Gilmorton,  Leic.  to  Alsinau  third  dau. 
of  Thomas  Brailsford,  esq.  of  Toft  Gnmge. — > 
At  Rugby,  William  Harris,  esq.  to  Louisa- 
Margaret,  only  dau.  of  the  late  G.  J.  Goppy, 
esq.  of  British  Guiana. 

7.  At  St.  Mary's,  Marylebone,  the  Hon. 
Wm.  Godolphin  Osborne,  second  son  of  Lord 
Godolphin,  to  the  Hon.  Caroline  Montagu, 
sister  to  Lord  Rokeby. 

8.  At  Florence,  the  Rev.  Charles  H.  Glad- 
inn,  Chaplain  Bengal  Pres.  to  Georgiana-Eliza- 
beth,  dau.  of  Col.  J.  P.  Hamilton,  late  Scots 
Fusilier  Guards. 

11.  At  Llanelly ,  Carmarthensh.  David  Lewis, 
esq.  of  Bank  House,  Llandilo,  to  Helena-Eliza, 
dau.  and  only  child  of  A.  Raby,  esq.  Bryn- 
mdr,  Llanelly. 

12.  At  Langton-in-Swale,  Nathan  Drake> 
esq.  of  Pontefract,  to  Jane,  ypungest  dau.  oi 
the  late  William  Binks,  Jun.  esq.  of  Roydes 
Mill  House,  near  Sheffield,  and  grand-dau.  of 
the  late  William  Binks,  esq.  of  Damall  HiD. 

13.  At  Stourton.  John  Butler  Crocker,  esq. 
of  London,  to  Saran- Jane,  youngest  dau.  of  the 
late  John  King,  esq.  of  Stourton. 

14.  At  Cloorlarp.  the  Rev.  John  Hayne, 
Rector  of  Stawley,  Somerset,  to  Isabella-Eliza, 
eldest  dau.  of  Thomas  Popham  Luscombe,  esq. 
Comm.  Gen.  Killester  House,  co.  Dublin.— > 
At  Claines,  C.  F.  Cliff(^  esq.  of  Gloucester,  to 
Jane,  dau.  of  the  late  Joseph  West,  esq.  of  the 

Hill,  Sapey,  Wore. Sir  James  Colquhoun, 

Bart,  of  Luss,  Lord-Lieut,  of  Dumbartonsh.  to 
Jane,  dau.  of  Sir  Robert  Abercromby,  Bart. 

Forglen  House,  Banffsh.  N.  B. ^At  Maid^ 

stone,  Capt.  Edward  Scott,  youngest  son  of  the 
late  Rev.  Edward  Scott.  D.D.  m^  of  Worton* 
hall,  Isleworth,  to  Elizabeth,  only  child  of  the 
late  John  Day,  esq.  M.D.  of  the  Priory,  Maid- 
stone. 

15.  At  Lanhydrock,  Nevil  Norway,  esq* 
Lieut.  R.N.  to  Judith-Catherine,  only  child  of 
the  late  Nicholas  Cole,  esq.  of  Trebvan,  Corn- 
wall.  ^At  Southampton,  the  Rev.  Frederick 

H.  Bennett,  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  youngest 
son  of  the  late  Major  Bennett,  Royal  Eng.  tp 
Rebecca-Anne,  only  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Gr.  D. 
Renaud,  of  Southampton. 

17.  At  Hove,  near  Brighton,  Fred.  B.  New- 
ton Dickenson,  esq.  eldest  surviving  son  of 
Newton  Dickenson,  esq.  of  Bmnswick-sq.  to 
Harriette-Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Fiennes  Trotman,  esq.  of  Siston  Court,  Glouc. 

At  Alverstoke.  the  Rev.  Wm.  Bumside 

Dunbar,  Rector  of  Westerkirk,  to  Marnret- 
Juliana-Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  Lieut.-Gen.  C)rde, 

of  Bury -hall,   Gosport. At  Cheltenham, 

Henry  S.  Keating,  esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
Barrister,  second  son  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Henry 
S.  Keating,  K.C.B.  Col.  of  54th  Rezt.  to  Ger- 
trude-Marianne, third  dau.  of  the  ute  Miyor- 

Gen.   Robert  Evans,    Royal  Art. ^At   St. 

James's,  Richard  Nugent  Everard,  esq.  late 
Capt.  86th  Regt.  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Thomas  Everard,  esq.  of  Bandillstown,  co. 
Meath,  to  Arabella-Mathilde,  youngest  dau.  of 
George  Henry  Alexis,  the  Viscount  d'Amboise* 

At  Kennington,  the  Rev.  Pelham  Maitland, 

B.A.  Assistant  Minister  of  St.  Peter's  Wal- 
worth, to  Emily,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
John  Wood,  esq.  of  Kennington.- — ^The  Rev; 
Frederick  Henry  Blaydes,  M.A.  youngest  sea 
of  :the  late  Hugh  Marvell  Blaydes,  esq.  of 
Manby  Hall,  Notts,  to  Fanny-Maria,  eldest 
dau.  of  Sir  £dward  Page  Tomer,  Bart,  of  Am- 

brosden,   Oxfordsh. At^  Charlton,    near 

Woolwich,  Capt.  Henry  0.  Stace,  Royal  Art. 


200 


Mtartiaget. 


[Aug. 


to  Eliza,  fonrtli  dan.  of  the  late  John  Molynenx, 
esq.  and  rrand-dan.  of  the  late  Right  Hon.  Sir 
Gkpel  Molyneux,  Bart. 

19.  At  Bnttevant,  Frederick  John  Rawlins, 
esq.  son  of  the  Rev.  Christopher  Rawlins,  of 
Satton,  Kent,  to  Martha-Anne,  dau.  of  James 
Norcott,  esq.  Spring^eld,  co.  Cork. 

90.  At  Marylebone,  Frederick,  third  son  of 
the  late  Ashton  Warner,  esq.  Chief  Justice  of 
Trinidad,  to  Jeannetta-Mana,  third  dau.  of  the 

late  Rev.  William  Gnnthorpe,  of  Anti^a. 

At  Isleworth,  John  Mackinlay,  esq.  ^l.D  late 
Surgeon  Hon.  East  India  Co.'s  Serv.  to  Mary- 
Anne,  third  dau.  of  James  Stanbrongh,  esq. 

^At  Alv^istoke,  Hants,  J.  W.  P.  Graham, 

esq.  son  of  Charles  Graham,  esq.  of  Chester- 
■q.  to  Caroline,  only  dau.  of  D.  W.  Weddell, 

Esq.  Gosport. At  Bishop's  Waltham,  George 

Frederick  Hodgkinson,  esq.  of  Stamford-st. 
Blackfriars,  to  Emily,  second  dau.  of  J.  Colson, 

esq. At  Penshurst,  the  Rev.  William  Green, 

youngest  son  of  George  Green,  esq.  of  Black- 
wall,  to  Frances-Wormsly,  dau.  of  the  Rev. 

Philip  Dodd,  Rector  of  Penshurst. AtRaw- 

cliffe,  Charles  Granby  Burke,  esq.  second  son 
of  Sir  John  Burke,  Bart,  of  Marble  Hill,  Gal- 
way,  to  Emma -Jane,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Ralph  Creyke,  esq.  of  Kawcliffe  Hall,  Yorksh. 

^At  Tenby,  the  Rev.  John  Frewen  Moor,  of 

Bradfield  Cottage,  Berks,  to  Catharine- Maria, 
only  surviving  child  of  the  late  Hugh  Cosna- 

han,  esq.  R.N. At  the  British  Embassy, 

Munich,  Jesse  Watts  Russell,  esq.  of  11am 
Hall,  Staffordsh.  and  Biggin  House,  North- 
amptonsh.  to  Maria-Ellen^  youngest  dau.  of 
the  late  Peter  Henry  Barker,  esq.  of  Bedford. 

^At  Dublin,  Sydney  Vaughan  Jackson,  esq. 

of  Gloucester-st.  son  of  the  late  Col.  George 
Jackson,  of  Carramore,  co.  Mayo,  to  Frances, 
dau.  of  Thomas  Jones,  esq.  of  Castletown,  co. 

Sligo. ^At  Dundee,  Robert  Stirling  Graham, 

esq.  of  Kincalebnim  and  Affleck,  Forfarsh.  to 
Mary-Alison,  eldest  dau.  of  John  Anderson, 

esq.  Euston-place,  London. At  Edinburgh, 

Richard- Jones,  second  son  of  Richard  Congreve, 
esq.  of  Aldermaston  House,  Berks,  and  Burton 
Hall,  Cheshire,  to  Louisa-Margaret,  second 
dau.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Miller,  K.H. 

31.  At  Leamington,  George  Kennion,  esq. 
M.D.  of  Harrowgate,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev. 
Tliomas  Kennion,  to  Catherine-Elfrida,  second 
dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  John  Fordyce,  esq.  of 
Ayton,  N.  B. 

•  22.  At  Chelsea,  Capt.  Beatson,  Bengal  Cav. 
to  Louisa,  dau.  of  the  late  Col.  Stephen  Reid, 

Bengal  Cav. At  Shenstone,  Staffordsh.  the 

Kev.  M.  A.  Gathercole,  of  Mossford  Lodge, 
Great  Ilford,  Essex,  to  Frances-Dorothea,  dau. 
of  Mr.  John  Garratt,  of  Shenstone,  and  niece 
of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  Garratt,  Vicar  of  Aud- 

ley,  Staff. At  St.  George's  Hanover-sq.  the 

Hon.  Walter  Wrottesley,  Fellow  of  All  Souls 
Coll.  Oxford,  third  son  of  the  late  Lord  Wrot- 
tesley, to  Marianne-Lucy,  only  dau.  of  the 
late  Col.  Archer,  formerly  of  the  16th  Lancers. 

At  Elmdon,  Warwicksh.  the  Rev.  A.  C. 

Tait,  D.C.L.  Head  Master  of  Rugby  School,  to 
Catharine,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Ven.  William 

Spooner,  Archdeacon  of  Coventry. At  Great 

Yarmouth,  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Kempe,  of  Morchard 
Bishop,  to  Laura,  only  surviving  dau.  of  Com- 
mander Pulling,  R.N. 

23.  At  Edinburgh,  Henry  Wayet  Davenport, 
esq.  89th  Regt  to  Catherine,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  Capt.  John  Durie,  of  Astley  Hall,  Lanca- 
shire. 

24.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  Edward 
Frederic  Kelaart,  esq.  M.D.  Army  Medical 
Staff,  eldest  son  of  W.  H.  Kelaart,  esq.  of  Cey- 
lon, to  Fanny-Sophia,  only  dau.  of  the  late 
Phineas  Hussey,  esq.  of  Wyrley  Grove,  Staff. 

26.    At   Portsmouth,    Stephen    Richmond 
Neate,  esq.  of  Marden,  Wilts,  to  Mary-Anne, 
11 


eldest  dau.  of  Mr.  Dudley,  Grand  Parade, 
Portsmouth. 

27.  At  West  Wickham,  William-Courtenay 
Morland,  esq.  only  son  of  the  late  Col.  Charles 
Morland,  9th  Lancers,  to  Mar^retta- Eliza, 
second  dau.  of  Lieut-Col.  Cator,  Royal  Horse 

Art. At  Wolverton,  Hants,  Thomas  Henry 

Usbome,  esq.  of  Gillwell  Park,  Essex,  to  Isa- 
bella, dau.  of  Capt.  Thomas  Henderson,  R.N. 

At  St.  James's,  the  Hon.  Wm.  Cowper, 

second  son  of  Viscountess  Palmerston,  brother 
of  Earl  Cowper,  to  Harriett-AUicia,  dau.  of 
Daniel  Gurney,  esq.  of  North  Runcton,  Nor- 
folk, and  niece  of  the  Earl  of  Erroll. At 

Ramsgate,  Henry-Schuback,-  second  son  of  W. 
C.  Hood,  esq.  of  Upper  Bedford-pl.  to  Charlotte- 
Sarah,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  John  Sweeting, 

esq.  of  Huntingdon. At  Wisbech,  Henry- 

Goode  Elborne,  Esq.  B.A.  to  Emma,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  R.  J.  King,  Vicar  of  West 
Brandeham,  Norfolk,  and  Curate  of  Wis- 
bech.  At  Ryde,    I.  W.j  the  Rev.    James 

Guillemard,  Vicar  of  Kirthngton,  Oxon,  and 
late  Fellow  of  St.  John's,  Oxford,  to  Louisa, 
dau.  of  the  late  Henry  Watson,  eso.  of  Barnes - 

common. At     Stapleton, '  Ricnard-Moody 

Tibbey,  esq.  of  Netley,  to  Ellen,  eldest  dau.  of 
Orlando  Rowson,  esq.  of  Churton,  Salop. 

28.  At  Townstall,  Dartmouth,  William 
Henry  Miller,  esq.  Surgeon,  to  Sarah,  eldest 
dau.  of  J.  H.  Sparke,  esq.  Comptroller  of  Cus- 
toms of  that  port, At  Horosey,  the  Hon. 

Arthur  Kinnaird,  to  Mary-Jane,  sister  of  Henry 
Hoare,  esq.  of  Staplehurst,  Kent. 

29.  At  Lewisham,  John  Deffell,  esq.  eldest 
son  of  John  Henry  Deffell,  esq.  of  Upper  Har- 
lev-st.  to  Letitia,  eldest  dau.  of  David  Hill,  esq. 
or  South  End,  Sydenham,  Kent. At  Sal- 
combe  Regis,  Captain  James  Strachan  Lang, 
Madras  Army,  to  Mary,  youngest  dau.  of  the 

late  John  Wolcott,  esq.  of  Knowle  House. 

At  Bramdeauj  Hants,  Alexander  Beaumont 
Churchill  Dixie,  esq.  M.D.  of  Bognor,  eldest 
son  of  Capt.  A.  Dixie,  R.N.  of  Aldwick, 
Sussex,  and  first  cousin  of  Sir  W.  W.  Dixie, 
Bart,  to  Maria-Catherine,  youngest  daugh- 
ter of  the  Rev.  Charles  Walters,  Rector  of 

Bramdean. At  Gouray,  Jersey,  Adolphus 

Turner,  esq.  second  son  of  the  late  Gen.  Sir 
Hilgrove  Turner,  to  Eliza,  second  dau.  of 
Edmund  Alexander  McNeill,  esq.  of  Cushin- 

dun,  Antrim,  Ireland. At  Thomey,  Hunts, 

George  Frederick,  third  son  of  the  late  James 
Brettin,  esq.  of  St.  Ives,  Hunts,  to  Sarah- 
Dorothea,  youngest  dau.  of  Capt.  George  Mor- 
ris, R.N.  of  the  Gores. At  Clifton,  W.  S. 

Thomas,  Comm.  R.N.  eldest  son  of  Sir  George 
Thomas,  Bart,  to  Thomasine-Oliver,  only  dau. 

of  the  late  Capt.  Henry  Haynes,  R.N. At 

the  British  Ambassador's  Palace,  Paris,  Thos. 
J.  White,  esq.  of  Bilbar.  son  of  Richard  White, 
esq.  of  Oakly  Park,  Ludlow,  to  Lilly-Augusta, 

dau.  of  Vice-Adm.  Mackellar. At  Brewood, 

F.  W.  Wilson,  esq.  Whirlow,  Sheffield,  to  Dora, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  John  Mason,  esq.  of 

Lymington. At  Stokesley,  Thomas  Lqy,esq. 

B.A.  to  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  the  late  George 
Jackson,  esq.  of  Tanton  Hall,  near  Stokesley. 

At  Holt,  Norfolk,  John  Banks,  esq.  of  Holt, 

to  Elizabeth-Golty-Catton,  only  dau.  of  the 
late  Peter  Rouse,  esq. 

Lately.  At  Southampton,  John  Henry  For- 
rest, esq.  Capt.  11th  Hussars,  to  Selina,  only 
dau.  of  George  Atherley,  esq . At  Bath,  Wil- 
liam W.  Walker,  esq.  late  Commander  of  the 
**  Agincourt "  East  Indiaman,  to  Isabella  T.  P. 
Rider,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  R.  C.  Rider,  Vicar  of 
Stoke,  Kent. 

Jtdjf  22.  At  Chiswick,  John-Gough  Nichols, 
esq.  F.SA.  eldest  son  of  J.  Bowyer  Nichols, 
esq.  of  Parliament-st.  and  of  the  Chancellor's, 
Hammersmith,  to  Lucy,  eldest  dau.  of  Capt. 
Frederick  Lewis,  R.N.  of  Chiswick  Mall. 


201 


OBITUARY. 


Viscount  H£aEFORD. 

May  31.  At  Honfleur,  in  Normandy, 
after  two  years'  illness,  aged  ^^  the  Right 
Hon.  Henry  Fleming  Devereux,  four- 
teenth Viscount  Hereford  (1550),  and 
Premier  Viscount  of  England,  a  Baronet 
(1615),  and  a  Privy  Councillor. 

He  was  born  Feb.  9,  1777,  the  only 
surviving  son  of  George  the  thirteenth 
Viscount,  by  his  cousin  Marianne,  only 
daughter  and  heiress  of  George  Devereux, 
of  Tregoyd,  co.  Brecon,  esq.  He  was 
educated  under  Dr.  Greenlaw,  near  Brent- 
ford, and  went  thence  to  the  university  of 
Oxford  in  company  with  that  gentleman. 
He  was  at  that  time  intended  for  the 
Church  ;  but  on  the  death  of  his  elder 
brother  George  in  179>  he  altered  his 
views.  He  succeeded  his  father,  Dec. 
31,  1804 ;  and  for  some  years  sided  with 
the  \^'hig  party,  as  his  father  had  done. 
Latterly,  however,  he  had  classed  as  a 
Conservative.  He  was  Captain  of  the 
Hon.  corps  of  Gentlemen  at  Arms,  and 
was  sworn  a  Privy  Councillor  in  1830. 

Lord  Hereford  married,  Dec.  19, 1805, 
Frances- Elizabeth,  third  daughter  of  the 
late  Sir  George  Come  wall,  of  Moccas 
Court,  CO.  Hereford,  Bart,  and  by  that  lady, 
who  survives  him,  he  had  issue  five  sons 
and  one  daughter:  1.  the  Hon,  Henry 
Cornewall  Devereux,  who  died  in  1839,  in 
his  37th  year,  unmarried ;  2.  the  Right 
Hon.  Robert  now  Viscount  Devereux,  born 
in  1809,  and  married  in  1841  to  Emma- 
Jemima,  daughter  of  the  late  George 
Ravenscroft,  esq.  ;  3.  the  Hon.  Walter 
Bourchier  Devereux,  Commander  R.  N. ; 

4.  the  Hon.  Humphrey  Bohun  Devereux  ; 

5.  the  Hon.  Frances  Catharine  Devereux, 
a  Maid  of  Honour  to  the  Queen  ;  and  6. 
the  Hon.  George  Talbot  Devereux, 
Lieut.  R.  Art. 

The  body  of  the  late  Viscount  was 
removed  from  his  house  at  Honfleur,  June 
3,  to  the  steam  packet,  which  conveyed 
it  to  England  for  interment  in  the  family 
vault  at  Glasbury,  Breconshire.  The 
coffin  was  borne  by  12  British  sailors  ;  and 
was  attended  by  his  daughter,  Mr.  and 
the  Hon.  Mrs.  WeUington,  and  all  the 
English  residents  of  the  town. 

The  Rt.  Hon.  Sib  C.  Bagot. 

May  18.  At  Kingston,  Canada,  aged  6 1 , 
the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Charles  Bagot,  G.C.B. 
late  Governor- General  of  her  Majesty's 
North  American  provinces,  a  Trustee  of 
the  National  Gallery,  &c.  brother  to  Lord 
Bagot  and  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Oxford ; 

Oent.  Mag.  Vol,  XX. 


father-in-law  of  the  Earl  of  Winchelsea 
and  the  Earl  of  Uxbridge. 

Sir  Charles  Bagot  was  the  second  son 
of  William  first  Lord  Bagot,  by  the  Hon. 
Louisa  St.  John,  eldest  daughter  of  John 
second  Viscount  St.  John,  and  was  born 
23rd  Sept.  1781. 

In  1807  he  acted  as  Under  Secretary 
of  State  for  Foreign  Aflfairs  with  Mr. 
Canning.  He  was  appointed  Minister 
Plenipotentiary  at  the  Court  of  France 
in  1814.  In  the  following  year  he  went 
to  the  United  States  on  an  extraordinary 
mission,  on  which  occasion  he  was  sworn 
a  Privy  Councillor  on  the  4th  Dec. ;  and 
on  his  return  from  America  was  invested 
with  the  order  of  the  Bath,  May  27, 1820, 
$ir  Charles  proceeded  to  St.  Petersburgh 
in  1820  as  ambassador  from  the  British 
court,  and  in  1824  he  was  appointed 
ambassador  to  the  Hague,  where  he  re- 
sided several  years.  On  the  dissolution 
of  the  Melbourne  administration  Sir 
Charles  was  selected  by  Sir  Robert  Peel 
as  Governor- General  of  Canada,  that 
appointment  being  vacant  by  the  death  of 
Lord  Sydenham. 

Sir  Charles  Bagot  married,  July  22, 
1806,  Mary  Charlotte  Anne  Wellesley 
Pole,  eldest  daughter  of  the  present  Earl 
of  Momington,  and  niece  to  the  Duke  of 
Wellington  ;  and  by  that  lady,  who  sur- 
vives him,  he  had  issue  four  sons  and  six 
daughters  :  1.  Louisa-Catharine,  who 
died  in  1824,  aged  17;  2.  Lieut.- Col. 
Charles  Bagot ,^  Gren.  guards  ;  3.  the 
Right  Hon.  Emily- Georgiana  Countess 
of  Winchelsea,  married  in  1827  to  Greorge 
tenth  and  present  Earl  of  Winchelsea  and 
Nottingham  (being  his  second  wife) ;  4. 
Caroline- Mary;  5.  Arthur. Berkeley,  who 
died  in  1825,  aged  11 ;  6.  the  Right  Hon. 
Henrietta- Maria  Countess  of  Uxbridge, 
married  in  1833  to  Henry  Earl  of  Ux- 
bridge, son  and  heir  apparent  of  the 
Marquess  of  Anglesey,  (being  his  second 
wife,)  and  has  issue  ;  7.  Georgiana- 
Augusu;  8.  George- Talbot ;  9.  Alexan- 
der; and  10.  Wilhelmina-Frederica. 

The  bodv  of  Sir  Charles  Bagot  has 
been  brought  to  England  in  H.M.S. 
Warspite,  accompanied  by  his  widow  and 
family. 

Dr.  Lipscomb,  Bishop  of  Jamaica. 
ApHl  4.  At  St.  Thomas's,  in  his  62ii4 
year,  the  Right  Rev.  Christopher  Lips- 
comb,  D.D.  Bishop  of  Jamaica  and  the 
Bahamas. 
He  was  eldest  son  of  the  IUy.  William 
2D 


'=^  '-"-.^     fr*T:>.ir  ^>?>  .T.  Tjtr'ts.'t''nd.  [Aug. 


.  ■*■ .  k  •■  < 


ii:i?ur  Si'pr.  ISH,  when 

-J     — kt-^    3y  riio    I  oicmander-in- 

..;.    *•:    '.-aii<  Siiumarez.  under  the 

-*    :  .  .  ■.=a».uiortf  D*A.ivenrne.     l>uc 

.    -v  _.  .    .     v::::  ii!vt!!:ui:s  :v)  intercept 

L:   .  -itTcc  <  donilu  pnssinij  aloii;: 

:.    ":■.::  visr.    I:i  rile  roLowinjj month 

.    r.    .    :v,    .nieii  i'.ici:ers  on  shore  ni-ar 

v.  •*?■-_•  ;.    -".imjiiv.iie.  .inti  it  was  stated 

?  :    -n:-.  ^  'S.iiimuniz  m  his  dispatch  to 

:  -    - .  rra*:'*".  :3ac  "  .rreat  praise  is  due 

..-.   :i-":kwr*or  Tills  spirited  and  gal- 

-   .    .:-,.'»..  '■:::;::  i  :ew  liiindred  yards  of 

.     *■;■•,::    ..4.-:.  i;:ii  .inder  a  heavy  lire 

.  .    v.-.r^v  '  btatrjn*  and  vessels." 

. .-!L"-::kjr   jijr.iineii  post  rank, 

..  .  .r.  >i\  oini  siibsetiuently  coin- 
r-  -i-i  .::w  Viimaid  rrcite  tor  a  short 
irr.  -.     .11'  urrvcu  at  tiio  nnk  of  Rear- 

.-i    «-?  i4;^■;i:li.'td  rj  ::ie  precedency  of 
.      ..::,r-r  -*'!»   »'i  -i   Baron  by  royal 

i;  :-i:T:i-.i  .V;tI  -'S.  IS:fJ\  Anne 
':  :-.uv:-.  •xWMiii  .iuuiT-.tri'r  of  his  uncle 
■ ,  -.1  -i-T.  '^ir  yr\''ij;es  Treco thick 
•',      V.  .  -^-;t.  i:iii  iia^  left  issue  a  son 


1 

v. 


n;      -i:   ;v'N.  ?i:i  H-  Iownshesd. 

;.\     '.:!   ■:>v'iMn-i!creoc,  a^ed  63, 

,  *      .:t    --.i';!.   ?ir  Kontio  George 

.  ■>  :*  *«  :>i:c!'.ii.  cv.  ».'■  H.  Lieutenant- 

'V:!u>or  Castle,  and  Lite  of 

-  w.  j:   Jxisnis.  mclo  of  Viscount 


■w  »!■ 


,3*     «.-■•     X.t*.       ••     l'>t*»     tfa*-*     ^^}.'^'^ 

V.    ^-r*.   -<•::  ^'i    Tlionias  tirst  V'ls- 


5^        '-   ■» 

-^  ..  ^  v..     v 
X   *■        -■»■■• 


H..".».    v  b'::.::ibech.o:dostdaui:h- 

.    -,.:rs*  Ji  K:ii>aid  Fowys,  esq. 

^     ■  '     .'    '..,^a;n,   :r  Siifoik.      He  was  ap- 

V     .;».  y.;N^^-i  ■»  ■•:««■•  l»f    ^'*^'  Guards 

K  -N  ■      *■  "*•»■'      ^^^'^    nroinoted   to  bo 

;■       ;.:.:  .ai'iaiii    I  T^i' :   Captain  and 

-..-  -f  :S'!».  and  Iirevet-Colonel 

".  ■'■[    :/  ^t •  id  ai  '.iiL-  burtle  of  Waterloo. 

•.  M     <.:;  ixvMJjiiir  Rvaiow,  K.C.B. 
..  Y     1,^.  Arciibishop's  ualacc, 

.    X,      ...  '*.*„.    ,     :,   us  S'ltJ  vear.  Sir  Robert 

..  X    .  .-.    .    ■•.•.-■.■:;'.'«..  .i:«d  v-i  -.uo  lirstLarl 

■  '^        '^\^  ',_  v-^:   ti  '.  .Muii.n  on  Christmas 
'     '         ;   .....;  ^M,  .'C  U'illiiuu  Bar. 
•       ^-  "'        ■  :    ./  :^'   ...    L-::iare.  daughter  of 

;     "    m'  .•.    V».4:i:Kinistow.  esq. 


« •  •    ^. 


'■  .'["   ..v.:!..    Si- iJtforse  Hilaro 

.  '     ■  ■    "•       •:.    :i-,!iKrlv     (Jovonior- 


1843.]       Adm.  Barlow. — Sit  R.  M^Farhne. — Lt.^Gen,  Ross. 


203 


to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  Nov.  6,  1778. 
He  was  Lieutenant  of  the  Courageux  at 
the  relief  of  Gibraltar  in  1782,  and  ably 
distinguished  himself  on  the  18th  Sept. 
in  that  ^ear,  when  the  Spaniards  were  de- 
feated in  their  grand  attack  on  that  for- 
tress. He  was  made  Commander  Nov. 
22,  1790,  and  Post  Captain  May  24,  1793. 
In  1794  he  commanded  the  Pegasus, 
which  was  repeating  frigate  at  Lord 
Howe's  glorious  victory  over  the  French 
fleet  on  the  1st  of  June.  He  was  subse- 
quently appointed  to  the  command  of  the 
Phoebe,  36,  in  which,  after  a  severe  ac- 
tion, he  captured  the  French  frigate  Ne- 
reide  in  1797  ;  and  in  the  same  ship,  in 
1801,  he  succeeded,  after  a  most  deter, 
mined  and  gallant  resistance,  in  capturing 
L'Africaine,  44«,  having  on-board,  beyond 
her  crew,  400  troops,  under  the  command 
of  General  Desfoumeaux,  which  were 
destined  to  join  the  French  armyin  Egypt. 
It  was  one  of  the  sharpest  contests  re- 
corded in  our  naval  history,  as  both  ves- 
sels were  within  pistol-shot,  the  action 
lasting  two  hours.  In  consideration  of 
his  bravery  and  gallantry  on  this  occasion 
Captain  Barlow  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood,  on  the  16th  June,  1801.  In 
1806  he  was  appointed  Deputy-Comp- 
troller of  the  Navy ;  and,  in  1808,  Com- 
missioner of  Chatham  dockyard.  In 
Jan.  1823,  he  resigned  that  office,  with 
the  rank  of  retired  Rear- Admiral ;  but  in 
1840  was  recalled  to  active  duty,  and 
made  Admiral  of  the  White.  On  the 
20th  May,  1820,  he  was  appointed  a 
Knight  Commander  of  the  Bath. 

He  married  Sept.  8,  1785,  Elizabeth, 
second  daughter  of  William  Garrett  of 
Worting,  in  Hampshire,  esq.  and  by 
that  lady,  who  died  Sept.  17,  1817,  has 
had  issue  three  sons  and  five  daughters. 
The  former  were,  Robert,  a  senior  mer- 
chant in  Bengal ;  2.  the  Rev.  William 
Barlow,  Rector  of  Coddington  in  Cheshire, 
and  a  Prebendary  of  Chester ;  3.  George, 
who  died  an  infant  in  1790.  The  daugh- 
ters, 1.  Elizabeth. Ann ;  2.  the  Right 
Hon.  Frances-Harriet  dowager  Vis- 
countess Torrington,  married  in  1811  to 
Vice- Adm.  George  sixth  and  late  Vis- 
count Torrington,  and  is  mother  of  the 
present  Viscount  and  other  children  ;  3. 
the  Right  Hon.  Hilare  dowager  Countess 
Nelson,  married,  first,  in  181 7  to  her  cousin 
George  Ulrick  Barlow,  esq.  eldest  son 
of  the  present  Baronet,  who  died  without 
issue  in  1824 ;  secondly  in  1829  to  the 
Right  Hon.  and  Rev.  William  first  Earl 
Nelson  (to  whom  she  was  second  wife), 
and  was  left  his  widow  in  1835;  and 
thirdly,  to  George  Thomas  Knight,  esq. 
4.  Caroline,  the  widow  of  Lieut.-  Colonel 
Qhftrles  Dasbwood,  C.B,  second  son  of 


Sir  H.  W.  Dash  wood,  Bart,  (who  died 
in  1832)  ;  and  5.  Maria. 

Gen.  Sib  Robert  M'Farlane,  K.C.B. 

June  6.  In  Great  Cumberland -street, 
aged  73,  General  Sir  Robert  M'Farlane, 
K.C.B.  and  G.C.H.  Colonel  of  the  32d 
Regiment,  and  a  member  of  the  Con- 
solidated Board  of  General  Officers. 

This  officer  was  the  son  of  Robert 
M'  Farlane,  esq.  by  the  widow  of  Major 
Harris,  who  was  killed  at  the  massacre  of 
Putna,  and  daughter  of  John  Howard, 
esq.  He  entered  the  army  as  Ensign  in 
1789.  He  was  appointed  Lieut. -Colonel  in 
the  113th  foot,  Sept.  19,  1794  ;  removed 
to  the  72nd  in  Sept.  1798;  became  Colonel 
in  the  army  Jan.  1800 ;  and  Brigadier. 
General  May  18,  1805.  He  served  in 
the  expedition  to  Copenhagen  in  1807| 
and  his  name  was  included  in  the  Votes 
of  Thanks  from  Parliament.  He  subse- 
quently served  on  the  stafif  in  Sicily,  as 
second  in  command  under  Lord  William 
Bentinck,  and  received  the  commission  of 
Lieut.- General  in  the  army  of  the  King 
of  the  Two  Sicilies.  He  attained  the 
rank  of  Major-  General  at  home,  April 
25, 1 808 ;  of  Lieut.-  General  June  4, 1813; 
and  of  General,  July  22,  1830.  He  was 
appointed  to  the  colonelcy  of  the  late 
97th  Foot,  Jan.  31,  1816  ;  and  to  that  of 
the  32nd  Foot,  Sept.  26,  1837. 

He  was  permitted  (Jan.  20,  1817»)  to 
accept  the  grand  cross  of  the  Neapolitan 
order  of  St.  Ferdinand  and  Merit,  con- 
ferred  for  his  services  in  Italy,  and  especi- 
ally at  the  capture  of  Genoa,  in  1814 ;  and 
was  nominated  a  Knight  Commander  of 
the  Bath,  March,  11,  1827. 

He  married  in  1815  a  daughter  of  Capt. 
Henry  Vankemper,  of  the  Dutch  navy, 
and  consul  of  the  King  of  the  Nether- 
lands at  Tripoli. 

Lieut.- Gen.  John  Ross,  C.B. 

May  18.  At  Southampton,  Lieut.- 
General  John  Ross,  C.  B.  Colonel  of  the 
46th  Foot. 

He  was  appointed  Ensign  2nd  June, 
1793;  Lieutenant  52nd  Foot  8th  May, 
1796;  Captain  11th  Jan.  1800;  Major 
15  Aug.  1804.  He  continued  with  the 
52ud  till  16th  April,  1807,  when  he 
changed  into  the  28th.  He  was  appointed 
Lieut.-Colonel  28th  Jan.  1808;  Colonel 
4th  June,  1814;  Major- General  27th 
May,  1825 ;  Lieut. -General  28th  June, 
1838;  and  Colonel  of  the  46th  regiment 
Ist  Aug.  1839. 

General  Ross  served  with  the  52nd  on 
the  expedition  to  Ferrol,  and  was  engaged 
with  the  enemy.  He  commanded  the  2nd 
battalion  52nd  at  the  battle  of  Vimieni, 
and  during  Sir  John  Moore's  campaig^nia 


204        Lleia.'Gen.  Le  Mesurier.'^Sir  David  FouJis,  K.CS.      [Aug. 


Spain  in  1808-9.  He  also  commanded 
five  companies  of  that  regiment  with  the 
force  which  went  to  the  Scheldt  under 
Lord  Chatham ;  served  afterwards  in  the 
Peninsula,  and  commanded  the  1st  bat- 
talion 52nd  at  the  actions  of  Pombal, 
Redinha,  Miranda  de  Corvo,  Foz  d' 
Aronoe,  and  Sabugal,  and  at  the  battle 
of  Fuentes  d'  Onor.  He  received  a  medal 
for  .Vimiera,  and  a  medal  and  one  clasp 
for  Nive  and  Orthes. 

He  was  appointed,  the  20th  of  Aug. 
1811,  Deputy  Adjutant- General  to  the 
Forces  in  Ceylon ;  from  whence  he  re- 
turned to  Europe  in  June  1814,  for  the 
benefit  of  his  health.  He  was  subse- 
quently appointed  Deputy  Adjutant- 
Creneral  in  Ireland ;  and  on  the  12th  of 
Aug.  1819,  Commandant  of  the  dep<^  at 
the  Isle  of  Wight.  He  has  subsequently 
been  Lieut.-  Governor  of  Guernsey. 

Lieut..  Gen.  Le  Mesurier. 

May  21.  At  Bradfield  Place,  near 
Reading,  in  his  62d  year,  Lieut.- Gen. 
John  Le  Mesurier. 

This  officer  entered  the  army  in  1794 
as  Ensign  in  the  132nd  regt. ;  joined  the 
89th  as  Lieut,  in  Aug.  1796,  and  pur- 
chased his  Captain- Lieutenancy  towards 
the  end  of  the  same  year.  He  served 
during  the  whole  of  the  Rebellion  of 
1798  in  the  south  of  Ireland,  in  the  4th 
flank  battalion,  under  Colonel  Stewart. 
In  1799  he  went  with  his  regiment  to  the 
Mediterranean,  which,  together  with  the 
30th  regt.  occupied  the  citadel  of  Mes- 
sina,  under  Bngadier- General  Graham. 
The  following  year  the  two  regiments 
blockaded  Malta  by  land,  whilst  a  naval 
squadron  blockaded  by  sea.  Soon  after 
its  surrender  he  joined  Sir  Ralph  Aber- 
cromby's  army,  which  arrived  there  on 
its  way  to  Egypt ;  and  served  the  whole 
of  that  campaign.  After  the  action  of 
the  21st  March,  1801,  the  89th  regt.  was 
detached,  with  1200  Turks,  to  observe 
the  eastern  bank  of  the  Nile  ;  and  on  the 
9th  May  following  withstood  the  attack  of 
5000  ot  the  enemv,  who,  on  the  appear- 
ance  of  the  main  body,  retired  to  Cairo. 
On  the  surrender  of  that  city  and  Alex- 
andria, the  regiment  was  embarked  in 
eight  line-of-bttttle  ships,  under  Lord 
Keith,  for  a  secret  expedition,  supposed 
to  be  for  the  Brazils.  On  their  return 
to  Malta  they  found  peace  proclaimed, 
and  the  expedition  given  up.  They 
stayed  but  a  few  weeks  at  Malta,  during 
wluch  time  this  officer  succeeded  to  a 
company.  The  regiment  was  then  re- 
embarked,  and  sailed  for  Ireland,  where 
they  landed,  and  marched  to  Yonghal,  in 
the  spring  of  1802. 

In  November  of  the  mane  year  he  pur- 


chased the  majority  of  the  regiment ;  and 
he  remained  in  Ireland  till  the  middle  of 
1805,  when  his  father,  the  late  Governor 
of  Alderney,  having  died,  he  was  called 
on  to  assume  the  hereditary  government 
of  that  island.  This,  and  the  settle- 
ment of  his  family  affiiirs,  obliged  him 
to  apply  for  leave  to  retire  on  half-pay  at 
this  time,  but  with  the  full  intention  of 
returning  to  active  service  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible. He  accordingly,  several  times 
during  the  war,  solicited  the  Secretary- 
at- War  to  be  permitted  to  offer  his  ser- 
vices to  the  Commander-in-Chief,  but 
always  received  for  answer  that  his  pro- 
per post  of  service  was  in  his  govern- 
ment. Here,  therefore,  he  continued  to 
act,  to  the  perfect  satisfaction  of  the 
Commander-in-Chief,  until,  by  an  ar- 
rangement with  H.  M.  Government,  he 
resigned  the  grant  of  the  Island  into  their 
hands,  in  the  end  of  the  year  1824;  when 
he  again  tendered  his  services,  but  peace, 
and  the  rank  he  then  held,  prevented  their 
being  accepted. 

The  government  of  the  island  was 
granted  to  his  ancestor.  Sir  Edmond 
Andros,  by  letters  patent  from  King 
Charles  II.  in  1684,  and  renewed  to  John 
Le  Mesurier,  his  grandfather,  by  King 
George  III.  for  99  years,  in  1763. 

He  obtained  the  brevet  rank  of  Lieut. - 
Colonel  in  1810,  of  Colonel  in  1819, 
Major- General  in  1830,  and  Lieut.- Ge- 
neral in  1841. 

He  married  in  1804  Martha,  daughter 
of  Peter  Perchard,  esq.  Alderman  of 
London  (a  native  of  the  island  of  Guern- 
sey), by  whom  he  leaves  one  son,  now  at 
Oxford. 


Major-Gbn.  SirDavidFouli8,K.C.B. 

April  12.  At  Bruntsfield  Lodge, 
Edinburgh,  aged  74,  Major- General  Sir 
David  FouHs,  K.C.B.  of  the  Madras 
establishment. 

This  officer  arrived  in  India  in  1789. 
He  was  appointed  to  an  ensigncySth  Oct. 
1790,  attached  to  the  flank  company 
of  the  15th  batt.  Native  Infantry,  and  in 
the  same  year  entered  the  enemy's  coun- 
try (Mysore)  under  the .  command  of 
Capt^  Alex.  Phaor,  and  took  possession 
of  several  hill  forts  above  the  Ghauts. 
He  was  appointed  Comet  in  the  3rd  regt. 
of  Cavalry,  commanded  by  Major- James 
Stevenson,  23d  Sept.  1791,  and  served 
under  Lord  Cornwallis  during  the  whole 
of  the  Mysore  war.  He  was  present  at 
the  siege  of  Bangalore ;  at  the  attack  of 
Tippoo's  army  on  the  6th  March,  1791 ; 
at  the  siege  of  Savendroog  ;  at  the  battle 
of  the  Carrygaut  hills  on  the  15th  May, 
1791 ;  and  at  the  first  siege  of  Seringa- 
patam  and  its  capituktion.    He  served  in 


1843  J        Sir  Robert  Bartiey,  K.CB.'^Sir  S.  C.  Doyle,  R.N.         205 


the  same  regiment  in  subduing  tbe  south- 
ern Poligars  with  the  army  under  Lieut.- 
Col.  Maxwell,  in  1793 ;  and  was  present 
at  the  siege  of  Pondicherry  as  a  volunteer, 
in  1794. 

He  was  promoted  to  Lieutenant  in  the 
1st  rcgt.  of  Cavalry  1st  Nov.  1798.  He 
served  the  whole  of  the  Mysore  war  under 
Gen.  Harris  in  1798  and  1799 ;  was  pre- 
sent at  tbe  battle  of  Malavilly,  at  the  2d 
siege  of  Seringapatam,  and  the  capture 
and  death  of  Tippoo  Sultaun.  For  this 
service  he  received  the  Seringapatam 
medal. 

Lieut.  Foulis  served  under  Lieut.- 
Cols.  Stevenson  and  Dalrymple  in  several 
actions  and  skirmishes  with  the  Mahratta 
Poondia,  in  which  service  he  was  wound- 
ed. He  was  appointed  Brigade- Major  to 
the  2d  brigade  of  Cavalry  26  A^tW,  1800, 
and  subsequently  Aid-de-Camp  to  Col. 
Stevenson.  In  1801  Doondia  having 
again  assemble^  a  large  force,  the  British 
took  the  field  under  the  command  of 
Lieut.- Col.  Wellesley,  and  Lieut.  Foulis 
was  at  the  taking  by  storm  of  several 
forts,  and  other  affairs,  during  that  cam- 
paign. 

He  was  promoted  to  Captain -Lieut,  in 
the  Ist  regt.  Cav.  30th  July,  1800,  and  to 
full  Capt.  in  the  same  regiment  2d  Sept. 
1801,  which  rapid  promotion  was  occa- 
sioned by  the  numerous  deaths  at  the  un- 
healthy  station  of  Chitteldroog.  His  own 
health  being  much  impaired,  he,  in  July 
1803,  sailed  for  England,  and  in  July 
1895  returned  to  India  over  land,  by  way 
of  Denmark,  Vienna,  the  Black  Sea  to 
Constantinople,  across  the  Bosphorus  to 
Sentara  in  Turkey,  by  Boli,  Amaria, 
Mardin,  Drarbekeir,  Mosul,  and  Bagdad  ; 
sailing  down  the  Tigris  to  Bussorah ; 
down  the  Euphrates  to  Bashier ;  down 
the  Persian  Gulf  to  Muscatt,  and  cross, 
ing  the  Arabian  Sea  to  Bombay.  He  was 
twice  cast  on  shore  on  the  Persian  side 
by  a  leaky  Arab  ship. 

In  April  1807  Captain  Foulis  was  ap- 
pointed General  Agent  for  the  purchase 
of  remount  horses  for  the  Madras  Ca- 
valry. In  Aug.  1809  he  again  returned 
to  England  in  bad  health,  by  way  of 
China,  Brazil,  and  the  United  States  of 
America.  He  was  promoted  to  Major  in 
the  1st  regt.  Light  Cavalry  1st  Jan.  1812, 
and  returned  to  India  in  Oct.  1813,  by 
Ceylon. 

In  Nov.  1814  he  marched  in  command 
of  the  1st  reg.  Light  Cavalry,  to  escort 
his  Highness  the  Peishwa  through  a  part 
of  the  Company's  dominions,  to  visit 
some  of  the  principal  places  of  worship. 
In  Jan.  1815  he  took  the  field  in  com- 
mand  of  the  1st  Lieht  Cavalry,  under 
Col,  Deveton,  and  ttom  that  time  till 


Nov.  1817  was  in  constant  and  harassing 
marches  after  the  Pindarries  in  Berar, 
Candish,  &c. 

In  1818  he  commanded  the  Ellore  and 
Masulipatatn  districts,  and  a  detachment 
of  H.  M.'s  86  reg.  flimk  companies  and 
Native  flank,  on  the  frontiers  of  Palnaud, 
for  the  protection  of  the  districts  against 
the  Pindarries.  In  Sept.  1818  he  marched 
with  the  1st  Light  Cavalry  to  the  Car- 
natic  to  refit,  and  command  Amee.  Li 
the  beginning  of  1819  he  was  appointed  to 
the  command  of  the  Cavalry  cantonment 
of  Arcot.  He  was  promoted  to  Lieut.- 
Colonel  in  the  1st  Light  Cavalry  26th 
July  1819;  and  appointed  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  6th  Light  Cavalry  in  July 
1821,  from  which  he  was  transferred  to 
be  Colonel  of  the  1st  Light  Cavalry  1st 
May,  1824 ;  and  attained  the  full  rank  of 
Major- General  10th  Jan.  1837. 

Col.  Sir  Robert  Bartlet,  K.C.B. 

May  2.  At  sea,  40  miles  east  of 
Algiers,  Colonel  Sir  Robert  Bartley^ 
K.C.B.  of  the  49th  regiment. 

He  was  appointed  Ensign,  Feb.  28, 
1806;  purchased  a  Lieutenancy,  Feb.  12, 
1807  ;  obtained  a  company  Aug.  10, 1815 ; 
a  majority  by  purchase,  Feb,  5,  1824  ; 
and  was  appointed  Lieut.- Colonel  of  the 
49th  foot  April  25,  1828. 

He  was  severely  wounded  in  action 
with  the  Americans,  Nov.  11,  1813. 

He  accompanied  his  regiment,  the 
49th  foot,  on  its  embarkation  for  foreign 
service  in  1821 ;  and  it  formed  a  portion 
of  the  nrmy  employed  in  the  China  expe- 
dition, and  dunng  the  recent  war  with 
that  power.  His  services  were  acknow- 
ledged by  his  nomination,  at  the  close  of 
last  year,  to  be  a  Knight  Commander 
of  the  Order  of  the  Bath. 

Sir  Robert  expired  on  board  the  Great 
Liverpool  steamer,  on  the  voyage  from 
Malta  to  Gibraltar,  and  on  the  following 
day  his  mortal  remains  were  consigned  to 
the  deep,  as  is  usual  in  all  cases  of  death 
occurring  on  board  vessels  coming  horn 
Alexandria. 


Capt.  Sir  B.  C.  Doyle,  R.N, 
Mai/  21.    At  Bognor,  aged  59,    Sir 
Bentinck  Cavendish  Doyle,  jPost  Captain 
R.N. 

He  was  the  son  of  William  Doyle,  esq. 
a  Master  in  Chancery  in  Ireland,  and 
brother  to  the  late  Lieut.- Gen.  Sir 
Charles  William  Doyle,  who  died  in  Oc- 
tober last,  at  Paris.  He  entered  the  navy 
as  a  midshipman  at  the  early  age  of  nine ; 
and  obtained  his  commission  as  Lieu- 
tenant Aug.  29,  1799.  He  was  first  of 
the  St.  Fiorenzo  frigate  at  the  capture  of 
la  Psyche,  on  the  East  India  station 


206    Sir  E,  Stanley. '^Col  C.  Forbes.-^ J.  J.  Hope  Vere,E8q.     [Aug. 


after  a  severe  contest,  Feb.  14, 1805,  and 
be  obtained  in  consequence  tbe  rank  of 
Commander,  dated  on  the  18th  Sept.  fol- 
lowing. He  subsequently  commanded 
the  Lightning  sloop  of  War,  in  which  he 
continued  after  his  promotion  to  post 
rank,  which  took  place  on  the  3d  April 
1811. 

On  the  21st  April  1821,  he  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  Glasgow  of  50  guns;  in 
which  he  conveyed  the  remains  of  Queen 
Caroline  from  Harwich  to  Cuxhaven; 
Sir  Edward  Paget  and  family  from  Ports- 
mouth to  the  East  Indies ;  and  the  Mar- 
quess of  Hastings  from  Calcutta  to  Gib- 
raltar. The  Glasgow  was  paid  off  in 
1824,  and  Captain  Doyle  received  the 
honour  of  knighthood,  April  20,  1825. 

He  married  in  1828,  the  eldest  daugh- 
ter  of  John  Vivian,  esq.  of  Claverton, 
near  Bath. 


Sm  Edmond  Stanley. 

jfyril  28.  At  Richmond,  Surrey,  aged 
82,  Sir  Edmond  Stanley,  Knt.  formerly 
Prime  Serjeant  of  Ireland,  and  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Judica- 
ture at  Madras. 

Sir  Edmond  was  the  eldest  son  of  James 
Stanley,  esq.  of  Low  Park,  co.  Roscom- 
mon, by  a  daughter  of  Edmond  Kelly, 
esq.  of  Mount  Gray.  He  obtained  a 
scholarship  in  Trinity  college,  Dublin  ; 
and  was  (»lled  to  the  Irish  biEir  in  1782. 
In  1786  he  was  counsel  to  George  R. 
Fitzgerald,  at  Castlebar.  In  1789  he 
was  made  a  King's  Counsel  in  Ireland  ; 
and  in  the  same  year  a  bencher  of  the 
King's  inns,  Dublin.  In  1790  he  was 
returned  to  the  parliament  of  Ireland  for 
the  borough  of  Augher ;  and  from  1797 
to  1800  he  was  member  for  Lanesborough. 
In  1794<  he  was  appointed  the  King's 
Third  Serjeant-at-Law.  In  1798  he  was 
sent  under  a  special  commission  to  Cork, 
to  preside  at  the  trials  there,  and  received 
the  thanks  of  the  county,  and  of  the 
Government,  for  his  conduct  on  that  oc- 
casion. In  1800  he  was  made  King's 
Prime  Serjeant,  and  afterwards  appointed 
one  of  the  Commissioners  of  Public 
Accounts. 

In  1807  he  was  appointed  the  first 
Recorder  of  Prince  of  Wales's  Island, 
and  received  the  honour  of  knighthood 
on  the  11th  March. 

In  1815  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
judges  at  Madras,  where  he  introduced 
many  useful  reforms  into  the  registrar's 
office,  and  in  1820  was  promoted  to  be 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court.  He 
retired  in  1835  with  the  usual  pension 
after  twenty  years*  service. 

Sir  Edmond  Stanley  married  in  1786  a 
^aug[hter  of  tbe  Rev.  John  Talbot,  and 


niece  to  the  late  William  Talbot,  esq.  of 
Mount  Talbot,  co.  Roscommon.  Lady 
Stanley  died  at  Richmond  Jan.  17,  1836, 
aged  69. 

Colonel  Charles  Forbes. 

May  8.  At  Aberdeen,  Colonel  Charles 
Forbes,  61st  Foot. 

He  entered  the  service  as  Ensign  in 
the  Cape  corps,  July  16th,  1806,  on  its 
formation ;  served  for  some  time  as  vo- 
lunteer with  1st  batt.  69th  regt.,  and  was 
promoted,  March  11,  1810,  to  a  First 
Lieutenancy  in  the  4th  Ceylon  regt.  in 
which  he  remained  until  June  3,  1815 
(that  regiment  being  disembodied  24th  of 
same  month),  when  he  was  transferred  to 
l9th  regiment,  then  serving  in  Ceylon, 
and  remained  on  full  pay  of  that  corps 
until  Oct.  24',  1821,  when  he  was  pro- 
moted by  purchase  to  a  company,  and 
placed  on  half-pay  next  day.  Captain 
Forbes  exchanged  with  Capt.  Nestor, 
12th  Foot,  March  14,  1822,  and  served 
with  that  regiment  at  Gibraltar;  was  pro- 
moted by  purchase  to  be  Major  unat- 
tached, Aug.  15,  1826,  and  exchanged, 
July  4,  1834,  with  Major  Pringle  Tay- 
lor, K.  H.  61st  regt.  He  succeeded, 
June  28,  1838,  to  the  Lieut.- Colonelcy, 
without  purchase,  by  the  removal  of 
Colonel  Darley  as  a  General  Officer. 

When  an  Ensign  in  the  Cape  regiment 
Lieut.- Col.  Forbes  was  employed  with  a 
detachment  upon  the  borders  of  the  colo- 
ny, to  repress  the  incursions  of  the  Caf- 
fres,  a  service  of  much  difficulty  and  dan. 
ger.  In  1810  he  served  as  a  volunteer 
with  the  69th  regiment,  at  the  landing 
and  capture  of  the  Isle  of  France.  He 
went  to  Madras  with  that  regiment,  and 
continued  to  do  duty  with  it  until  after 
the  capture  of  Java.  During  the  storm 
of  Fort  Cornells,  and  the  very  strong  po- 
sition surrounding  it,  he  carried  the  regi- 
mental colour  of  the  69th,  which  was 
twice  shot  through  in  his  hand,  whilst  in 
the  act  of  planting  it  on  one  of  the  ene- 
my's redoubts.  In  1812  he  joined  his 
regiment,  the  4th  Ceylon,  and  in  1815 
acted  as  Dep.-Assist.-Commissary- Ge- 
neral to  one  of  the  divisions  that  took 
possession  of  the  Kandian  country. 

James  Joseph  Hope  Vere,  Esq. 

May  19.  In  Park  Lane,  in  his  59th 
year,  James  Joseph  Hope  Vere,  esq.  of 
Craigie  Hall  and  Blackwood,  N.6. 

He  was  bom  June  3,  1785,  the  second 
but  eldest  surviving  son  of  William  Hope 
Weir,  esq.  of  Craigie  Hall  and  Black, 
wood  (nephew  to  John  second  Earl  of 
Hopetoun]),  by  Sophia,  daughter  of  Joseph 
Corrie,  of  Dumfries,  esq.  His  grand- 
father,  the  Hon,  Charles  Hope,  assumed 


1 843.]  John  Wharton,  Esq.'^Orlando  Standish,  Esq. 

the  name  and  arms  of  Weir,  of  Black- 
wood, in  1733.  This  name  was  subse- 
quently changed  to  Vere  in  18 — . 

Mr.  Hope  Vere  married,  Sept.  7,1813, 
Lady  Elizabeth  Hay,  fourth  daughter  of 
George  seventh  Marquess  of  Tweeddale, 
and  by  that  lady,  who  survives  him,  he 
had  issue  four  daughters,  and  two  sons. 
Of  the  former,  Harriet,  the  third,  was 
married  in  1839  to  Edward  Sherlock 
(jrooch,  esq.  eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas 
Sherlock  Gooch,  Bart. 


207 


John  Wharton,  Esq. 
Jl/cy  29.     In  the  Westminster-road, 
Lambeth,  in  his  78th  year.  John  Whar- 
ton, esq.  of  Skelton  Castle,  Yorkshire, 
formerly  M.P.  for  Beverley. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Joseph  Wil- 
liam Hall- Stevenson,  esq.  of  .Skelton 
Castle,  Durham  (son  of  John  Hall,  esq. 
of  the  same  place,  who  took  his  wife's 
name  of  Stevenson),  by  Anne,  daughter 
and  heiress  of  James  Forster,  of  Drum- 
goon,  CO.  Fermanagh,  esq.  He  was  born 
at  Skelton  Castle,  June  21,  1765,  and 
took  the  surname  and  arms  of  Wharton 
only,  by  royal  sign  manual.  May  3,  1788. 
He  stood  no  less  than  nine  contested 
elections  for  Beverley,  on  the  Whig  in- 
terest. The  first  was  at  the  general 
election  of  1790,  when  he  was  returned 
at  the  head  of  the  poll,  which  terminated 
as  follows  : 

John  Wharton,  esq.     .     .     908 

Sir  James  Pennyman  .     .    460 

William  Egerton,  esq.  .  379 
In  1796  he  gave  way  to  Mr.  Tatton, 
but  on  that  gentleman's  death,  in  1799, 
he  contested  the  seat  with  Mr.  Morritt, 
of  Rokeby  Park,  but  was  defeated  by 
512  votes  to  369. 

In  1802  he  came  in  at  the  head  of  the 
poll,  and  Mr.  Moriitt  was  excluded,  the 
numbers  being, 

John  Wharton,  esq.     . 

General  Burton     .     . 

J.  B.  S.  Morritt,  esq. 
In  1  SOS- 
John  Wharton,  esq.     . 

Lt.- General  Vyse  .     . 

Lt.-Gen.  N.  C.  Burton 
In  1807— 

Capt.  R.  W.  H.  Vyse 

John  Wharton,  esq. 

Philip  Staples,  esq. 
In  1812— 

John  Wharton,  esq. 

Charles  Forbes,  esq. 

William  Beverley,  esq. 
In  1818— 

John  Wharton,  esq. 

R.  C.  Burton,  esq. 

Dymoke  Wells,  esq. 

William  Beverley,  esq. 


736 
690 
626 

641 
609 
420 

1012 
739 
279 


805 
731 
502 


826 
669 
379 
348 


In  1820— 
George  Lane  Fox,  esq.    .  1038 
John  Wharton,  esq.    .     .657 
R.  C.  Burton,  esq.      .     .      71 
In  1826  he  was  excluded  from  the  re- 
presentation by  the  follomng  poll : 
John  Stewart,  esq.      .     .  1030 
C.  H.  Batley,  esq.       .     .    658 
John  Wharton,  esq.     .    .     588 
At  that  period  Mr.  Wharton  was  so 
deeply  embarrassed  in  bis  pecuniary  af- 
fairs, that  he  was  immediately  arrested, 
and  for  the  last  fourteen  years  he  has  re- 
mained a  prisoner  within  the  rules  of  the 
Queen's  Bench.     An  inquest  was  held 
on  his  body,  when  it  appeared  that  he  had 
for  many  years  suffered  from  a  painful 
disease  of  the  bladder,  and  an  inquest  was 
returned  of  "  Natural  Death." 

Mr.  Wharton  married  in  Oct.  1790, 
Susan  Mary  Anne,  daughter  of  Major- 
Gen.  John  Lambton,  of  Lambton,  co. 
Durham,  by  whom  he  had  issue  two 
daughters  :  Susan ;  and  Margaret,  married 
in  1815  to  Thomas  Barrett  Lennard,  esq. 
eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Barrett  Len- 
nard, Bart,  but  died  without  issue  before 
1825. 


Orlando  Standish,  Esq. 

April  26,  At  the  Casa  Standish,  at 
Florence,  Orlando  Standish,  esq.  of 
Scaleby  Castle  and  Holme  Cultrum  Ab- 
bey, Cumberland,  and  of  Farley-hill, 
Berks. 

This  gentleman  was  the  son  and  heir 
of  Edward  Stephenson,  esq.  by  Mary- 
Cecilia,  daughter  of  Charles  Strickland, 
esq.  of  Sizergh  Park,  co.  Westmorland, 
and  Cecilia,  daughter  of  William  Towne- 
ley,  esq.  of  Towneley,  (and  sister  of  the 
collector  of  the  Towneley  marbles,)  by 
Cecilia,  daughter  of  Ralph  Standish,  esq. 
and  Lady  Philippa  Howard,  daughter  of 
Henry  sixth  Duke  of  Norfolk.  His 
wife  was  also  descended  from  the  Standish 
family,  and  it  was  on  the  ground  of  her 
descent  that  their  names  were  changed. 
**  Rowland  Stephenson  of  Holme  CuU 
trum  Abbey  and  Scaleby  Castle,  co.  Cum- 
berland,  and  Farley-hill,  co.  Berks,  esq. 
and  Lucy  his  wife,  daughter  of  Edmund- 
Henry  Earl  of  Limerick,  and  Alice- 
Mary  Countess  of  Limerick,  represented 
that  the  said  Alice-Mary,  Countess  of 
Limerick,  was  the  daughter  and  sole  heir 
of  Henry  Ormsby  of  Clogher,  co.  Mayo, 
deceased,  by  Mary  his  wife,  grand-daugh- 
ter and  sole  heir  of  Sir  Standish  Harts- 
tonge,  of  Brufif  House,  co.  Limerick, 
Bart,  who  was  great«grandson  of  Francis 
Hartstonge,  esq.  by  Elizabeth  his  wife, 
daughter  of  Sir  Thos.  Standish,  of  Bniif, 
Kt.  Privy  Councillor  for  Munster ;  and 
the  said  Earl  of  Limerick  bavin^p  8i£;niiied 


208 


J.  71  Mayney  Esq.  F.J8.S. — Noah  Webster,  LL.D.         [Aug. 


his  desire  that  the  petitioners  and  their 
issue  should  assume  toe  surname  of  Stand- 
ish  only,  the  said  Richard  and  Lucy 
Stephenson,  by  licence  dated  2d  June, 
1834,  took  the  surname  and  arms  of 
Standish  only."  (Record  in  Coll.  Arm.j 
Mr.  Standish  afterwards  altered  his  Chris- 
tian name  to  its  Italian  form — Orlando. 

Mr.  Standish*s  loss  will  be  greatly  felt 
by  the  musical  world  at  Florence,  where 
he  ranked  amongst  the  first  amateur  com- 
posers,  and  in  the  private  theatre  at  the 
Casa  Standish  some  celebrated  represen- 
tations by  amateur  performers  have  fre- 
quently  taken  place  of  some  of  the  finest 
operas,  which,  together  with  the  hospita- 
lity of  Mr.  Standish  and  his  accomplished 
lady,  will  long  be  remembered  there. 

When  Mr.  Rowland  Stevenson,  he  was 
a  candidate  for  the  representation  of  the 
dty  of  Carlisle  in  1816,  but  did  not,  we 
beueve,  proceed  to  the  poll. 

Mr.  Standish  married,  March  16, 1816, 
Lady  Lucy  Pery,  third  (and  now  the 
eldest  surviving)  daughter  of  the  present 
Earl  of  Limerick,  by  whom  he  has  left 
three  sons  and  two  daughters. 

J.  T.  Mayne,  Esq.  F.R.S. 

June  26.  At  the  manor-house,  Teffont 
Ewyas,  near  Salisbury,  aged  51,  John 
Thomas  Mayne,  esq.  barrister  at  laW, 
F.R.S.  andF.S.A. 

He  was  descended  from  an  ancient 
family  formerly  of  Devonshire,  of  which 
a  pedigree  will  be  found  in  Hoare's  South 
Wiltshire,  Hundred  of  Dun  worth,  p.  1 12. 
The  manor  of  Teffont  Ewyas  was  pur- 
chased in  1679  by  Christopher  Mayne, 
whose  male  issue  became  extinct  with  his 
grandson  John,  in  1785.  The  gentle, 
man  whose  death  we  record  was  de- 
scended from  the  Rev.  Zachary  Mayne, 
an  eminent  divine,  the  uncle  of  Chris- 
topher;  and  on  the  death  of  the  above 
mentioned  John,  (or  of  his  widow  Isabella, 
afterwards  Countess  of  Dundonald,)  the 
estate  of  Teffont  devolved  on  this  branch 
of  the  family.  The  deceased's  father  was 
Thomas  Mayne,  esq.  who  died  at  Teffont 
in  1819,  and  his  mother  Margaret,  daugh- 
ter of  Robert  and  Magdalene  Davis,  of 
Carnarvon. 

Mr.  Mayne  was  baptized  at  St.  George 
the  Martyr  in  South wark  in  1792,  and 
was  called  to  the  bar  by  the  Hon.  Society 
of  the  Inner  Temple  July  6,  1821. 

In  1824  he  rebuilt  and  enlarged  the 
parish  church  of  Teffont,  and  added  the 
tower.  A  view  of  the  building,  as  re- 
edified,  was  published  in  our  Magazine 
for  August  1830. 

Mr.  Mayne  married  Sarah- Fulcher, 
daughter  of  John  Start,  esq.  of  Halstead, 
12 


Essex,  and  had  issue  one  son,  John -Au- 
gustus, born  at  Rome  in  1820;  and 
three  daughters,  Emily- Harriet,  Mar- 
garet-Hele,  and  Ellen- Flora. 


Noah  Webster,  LL.D. 

May  27.  In  New  Haven,  U.S.  aged 
85,  Noah  Webster,  LL.D.  author  of  the 
English  Dictionary. 

Dr.  Webster  has  been  a  long  time  be- 
fore the  public  as  a  prominent  individual 
in  the  various  departments  of  society. 
He  was  born  in  West  Hartford,  Oct. 
16,  1758,  a  descendant  of  John  Webster, 
one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Hartford,  who 
was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Council 
from  its  first  formation,  and  subsequently 
Governor  of  Connecticut.  Noah  Web- 
ster entered  Yale  college-in  1774.  In  his 
junior  years,  in  the  time  of  Burgoyne's 
expedition  from  Canada,  he  volunteered 
his  services  under  the  command  of  his 
father,  who  was  captain  in  the  Alarm  List. 
In  that  campaign,  all  the  males  of  the  fa- 
mily, four  in  number,  were  in  the  army 
at  the  same  time.  Notwithstanding  this 
interruption  in  his  studies,  Webster  gra- 
duated with  high  reputation  in  1778. 
During  the  summer  of  1779  he  resided  in 
the  family  of  Mr.  afterwards  Chief  Jus- 
tice Ellsworth,  at  Hartford.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1781.  Subse- 
quently he  engaged  in  the  business  of  in- 
struction,  and,  being  strongly  impressed 
\\'ith  the  defects  of  such  books  as  were 
then  used^  in  elementary  schools,  pub- 
lished in  1783,  at  Hartford,  his  "  First 
part  of  a  Grammatical  Institute  of  the 
English  Grammar.''  The  great  success 
of  this  work,  and  of  others  of  the  same 
class  prepared  by  him,  is  well  known. 
His  "  Sketches  of  American  Policy," 
published  in  1784,  his  writings  in  favour 
of  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitu- 
tion, in  defence  of  Washington's  procla- 
mation of  neutrality,  and  of  the  treaty 
negociated  with  Great  Britain  by  Mr. 
Jay,  had  great  influence  on  public  opinion 
and  were  highly  appreciated.  Various 
other  topics  during  the  same  period  were 
publicly  discussed  by  him.  In  1793  he 
commenced  a  daily  paper  in  New  York, 
which  is  now  called  the  Commercial  Ad- 
vertiser and  New  York  Spectator.  Mr. 
Webster  removed  to  New  Haven  in  1798, 
and  in  1807  entered  on  the  great  busi- 
ness of  his  life,  the  compiling  of  a  new 
and  complete  Dictionary  of  the  English 
Language.^  This  work  he  prosecuted 
amidst  various  difficulties  and  discourage- 
ments, and  published  the  first  edition  of 
it  in  1828.  In  the  preparation  of  this 
dictionary  he  was  led  to  investigate  to  a 
great  extent  the  subject  of  etymology,  and 


1843.]        Rev.  S.  Kidd,  JU.A.—W.  S.  Gilpin.— J.  Hakewill. 


209 


the  relations  of  various  languages  to  each 
other.  This  dictionary  has  been  more 
favourably  received  than,  as  is  believed, 
the  author  ever  anticipated.  His  other 
publications  are  numerous. 

Dr.  Webster  had  enjoyed  remarkably 
vigorous  health  till  within  a  few  days  of 
his  death.  His  disorder  soon  took  the 
form  of  pleurisy,  and  he  gradually  sank 
under  the  attack  till,  in  the  full  possession 
of  his  reason,  he  died  with  entire  com- 
posure and  resignation. 

Rev.  Samuel  Kidd,  M.A. 

June  12,  At  Camden  Town,  of  epilep- 
sy, aged  42,  the  Rev.  Samuel  Kidd,  A.M. 
Professor  of  Oriental  and  Chinese  Lite- 
rature at  University  college,  London. 

The  suburbs  of  Hull  had  the  honour 
of  giving  birth  to  this  eminent  student, 
who  at  an  early  age  exhibited  extraordinary 
powers  for  the  acquisition  of  language, 
and  a  not  less  tenacious  memory  for 
literature  in  general,  to  which  he  was 
remarkably  attached.  These  qualifica- 
tions, joined  to  an  ardent  love  of  the 
gospel,  recommended  him  to  the  notice 
of  the  London  Missionary  Society,  and 
he  was  appointed  to  the  important  post 
of  Malacca,  where  the  society  established 
an  Anglo-Chinese  College,  together  with 
a  printing  press,  which  have  been  exten- 
sively useful  in  the  translation  and  circu- 
lation of  the  sacred  Scriptures,  and  other 
Christian  publications,  amongst  the  Chi- 
nese. Mr.  Kidd  became  the  principal  of 
the  college,  and  his  labours  must  have 
been  great ;  at  the  time  of  his  death  he 
was  allowed  to  be  the  first  Chinese  scholar 
in  this  country,  and  therefore  eminently 
qualified  for  the  seat  of  Professor  of 
Chinese  Language  and  Literature  in  the 
University  of  London,  to  which  he  was 
appointed  when  the  state  of  his  health 
required  his  return  to  this  country.  His 
acquaintance  with  the  literature  of  China 
comprehended  a  very  wide  range  of  read- 
ing, and  his  position  in  University  Col- 
lege, which  possesses  a  most  valuable 
library  in  the  language  of  the  celestial 
empire,  appeared  to  be  eminently  calcu- 
lated for  usefulness,  now  that  our  con- 
nections with  the  country  are  assuming  a 
closer  character.  In  1841  he  published  a 
learned  and  ingenious  work,  entitled 
**  Illustrations  of  the  Symbols,  &c.  of 
China." 

He  was  in  the  prime  of  life,  and  sur- 
rounded by  a  numerous  family. 

W.  S.  Gilpin,  Esq. 

^pril  4.  At  Sedburgh  Park,  York- 
shire, aged  81,  William  Sawrey  Gilpin, 
esq.  landscape  gardener,  of  Painesfieldy 
East  Sheen. 

GBZiT.  Mao.  Vol,  XX^ 


He  was,  we  believe,  son  of  Sawrey  Gil- 
pin, the  Royiil  Academician,  and  nephew  to 
the  Rev.  William  Gilpin,  Vicar  of  Boldre 
in  the  New  Forest,  author  of  Remarks 
on  Forest  Scenery,  and  other  works  on 
the  Picturesque. 

Mr.  Gilpin  enjoyed  considerable  prac- 
tice in  his  profession.  His  terms  were 
five  guineas  a  day,  and  his  travelling  ex- 
pences  paid.  His  principal  works  were 
in  Ireland, — Crum  Castle,  Erne  Castle, 
Lord  Cawdor*s,  and  Lord  Blavney's. 
He  altered  the  gardens  at  Danesfieid,  Mr. 
Scott  Murray's  near  Henley,  and  also 
laid  out  the  grounds  at  Sir  Edward  Ker- 
rison's  near  Hoxne,  Suffolk.  His  plans 
are  developed  in  a  work  entitled  **  Practi- 
cal Hints  for  Landscape  Gardening,  with 
some  remarks  on  Domestic  Architecture 
asconnected  with  Scenery."  1832.  Second 
edition,  8vo.  1835. 

When,  in  the  course  of  a  conversation 
upon  the  crowded  state  of  all  professions, 
it  was  casually  remarked  to  Mr.  Gilpin, 
that  his  profession  at  least  was  not  nu- 
merous, he  quietly  replied,  "  No,  there 
is  but.  one,**  He  afterwards  admitted 
that  there  was  one  Pontet,  <'  a  gardener,*' 
in  Derbyshire.  Mr.  Nesfield,  of  Eton, 
may  be  regarded  as  his  successor  in  his 
art. 

He  has  left  two  sons :  one,  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Gilpin,  is  Perpetual  Curate  of  Aln- 
wick, in  Northumberland  x  another  is 
gone  to  India. 


James  Hakewill. 

May  28.  At  his  apartments  in  Adam- 
street  West,  Bryanstone-square,  in  his 
65th  ^ear,  James  Hakewill,  architect. 

This  gentleman  was  principally  known 
by  publications  on  architectural  antiqui- 
ties and  the  fine  arts.  His  first  work 
was  a  novel,  entitled  '^Coelebs  suited; 
or,  the  Stanley  Letters,"  1812. 

In  1813  he  produced  a  large  volume  in 
imperial  4to.  called  **  The  History  of 
Wmdsor  and  its  Neighbourhood,"  with 
21  engravings  and  14  vignettes  from  his 
own  drawings,  price  five  guineas.  The 
views  were  from  his  own  pencil.  It  was 
well  received  at  the  time,  and  many  years 
after  he  was  much  gratified  on  receiving 
the  thanks  of  Sir  Jefiry  Wyattville  for 
the  publication,  coupled  with  the  assur- 
ance that,  in  his  alterations  in  that  abode 
of  royalty,  he  had  endeavoured  to  carry 
out  his  suggestions. 

When  the  general  peace  opened  the 
Continent  to  English  travellers,  he  went 
to  Italy,  accompanied  by  bis  wife,  whose 
taste  and  talents  qualified  her  thoroughly 
to  enjoy  all  the  beauties  of  nature  and  art 
that  were  displayed  before  thenii  and 

2S 


214 


Obituary*— JMfi  liunag,  Esq.  F.S.A. 


[Ang. 


there  they  pafsed  the  greater  part  of  the 
jeart  1816  and  1817,  which  afforded 
the  materials  for  a  '*  Picturesque  Tour 
of  Italy/'  which  was  published,  with 
tixty-three  plates,  in  twelve  parts,  quarto 
and  folio,  1818—1820,  illustrated  by  pa- 
nllels  of  Dorton  House,  Hatfield,  Long. 
k»t,and  Wollaton,  in  England;  and  the 
Palazzo  Delia  Cancellaria,  at  Rome.  This 
is  an  interesting  work,  both  in  its  literary 
matter  and  in  illustrations.  Among  the 
latter  are  some  engravings  from  fine  draw- 
ings by  Turner,  one  of  which,  a  composi- 
tion of  Roman  edifices,  surpasses  any 
picture  by  Pannini.  This  work  was 
brought  out  with  great  care,  and  imme. 
diately  obtained  a  high  rank  in  the  esti. 
mation  of  the  public,  which  it  is  well 
qualified  to  retain,  as,  for  accuracy  of 
delineation,  and  excellence  of  engraving, 
it  does  not  yield  to  any  that  sprung  from 
that  fruitful  field. 

In  1825  he  published,  in  folio,  '*  A 
picturesque  Tour  in  the  Island  of  Ja- 
maica, from  drawings  made  in  the  years 
1820  and  1821. >' 

In  1828,  *^  Plans,  Sections,  and  Eleva- 
tions of  the  Abattoirs  of  Paris,  with  con- 
siderations for  their  adoption  in  London," 
4to. 

In  1835,  **  An  Attempt  to  determine 
jthe  ezact  Character  of  Elizabethan  Ar- 
ehitecture,"  8vo. 

In  the  year  1840  he  was  engaged  in 
furnishing  drawings  for  a  projected  work 
on  the  Rhine,  which  it  was  intended 
should  have  been  a  counterpart  <o  his 
**  Italy,"  but  which  has  never  been  pub- 
lished, the  drawings  remaining  in  the 
htnds  of  the  engraver. 

Mr.  Hakewill  was  much  attached  to 
the  fine  arts,  and  highly  esteemed  by  his 
fnends  for  his  talents  and  kindness  of 
heart.  His  wife  died  22nd  January  1849, 
at  Calais,  on  their  way  home  from  Ger- 
many, leaving  three  sons,  who  appear  to 
possess  the  talents  of  their  parents. 

John  Murray,  Esq.  F.S.A. 

June  27.  Jn  Albemarle  Street,  in  his 
65ch  ^ear,  John  Murray,  Esq.  the  dis- 
tinguished publisher. 

He  was  the  only  son,  by  a  second 
marriage,  of  Mr.  John  M^'Murray,  a 
native  of  Edinburgh,  who  was  originally 
an  officer  of  Marines,  and  in  1768  suc- 
ceeded Mr.  Sandby,  the  bookseller,  oppo- 
site St.  Dunstan*s  Church,  Fleet  Street, 
on  that  gentleman  entering  into  partner- 
ship with  the  well-known  firm  of  Snow 
and  Co.,  the  bankers  in  the  Strand. 

Mr.  M^^Murray  was  desirous  that  Mr. 

Falconer,  the  ingenious  author  of  **  The 

Shipwreck,"  should  become  his  partner ; 

.  and  an  interesting  letter  from  Mr«  M*" 


Murray  to  Falconer  on  this  occasion,  is 
printed  in  Nichols's  *  'Literary  Anecdotes," 
lii.  729.  The  Poet  would  probably 
have  entered  into  partnership  with  him, 
but  was  unfortunately  lost  in  the  Aurora 
frigate.  A  ship  figures  in  full  sail  on  the 
bill-heads  of  Mr.  Murray's  old  accounts, 
allusive  to  his  original  destination  in  the 
Marines. 

On  settling  in  Fleet  Street  as  a  book- 
seller, Mr.  M<:  Murray  (afterwards  known 
as  Mr.  Murray)  was  ushered  immediately 
into  notice  by  publishing  a  new  edition  of 
Lord  Lyttel ton's  *'  Dialogues,"  and 
also  an  edition  of  his  '*  History ;"  and 
under  his  auspices  many  useful  works 
were  offered  tothe  learned  world.  Lang, 
horne's  Plutarch,  Dalrymple*s  Annals, 
and  Mitford's  Greece,  are  three  of 
Mr.  Murray's  surviving  publications. 
He  also  published  several  pamph  es 
connected  with  his  trade,  and  was  an 
author  in  various  shapes. 

Mr.  Murray's  father  died  Nov.  6, 1793, 
when  John  was  in  his  fifteenth  vear,  an 
age  too  young  to  conduct  the  business 
unaided.  He  was,  however,  joined  by 
Mr.  Samuel  Highley,  the  assistant  and 
shopman  of  old  Mr.  Murray,  and  the 
father  of  the  present  Mr.  Highley,  the 
bookseller,  of  Fleet  Street  When  Mr. 
Murray  was  of  age,  he  entered  into  part- 
nership with  Highley,  but  this  was  not 
of  long  continuance,  as  the  deed  of  sepa- 
ration is  dated  25th  March,  1803.  They 
drew  lots  for  the  house,  and  Murray  had 
the  good  fortune  to  remain  at  No.  32 ; 
Highley  setting  up  for  himself  at  No.  24, 
and  taking  away  with  him,  by  agreement, 
the  large  medical  connexion  of  the  firm, 
a  connexion  enjoyed  by  his  son  to  this 
day. 

Mr.  Murray  now  started  on  his  own 
account,  and  began  a  career  of  publica- 
tion unrivalled  in  the  history  of  letters. 
In  1807  he  added  "  The  A  rt  of  Cookery," 
by  Mrs.  Rundell,  to  his  list ;  in  1809  the 
Quarterly  Review;  and  in  1811  "  Childe 
Harold."  One  of  his  earliest  friends  and 
advisers  was  Mr.  D' Israeli,  the  author  of 
"  The  Curiosities  of  Literature."  His 
connection  with  Sir  W.  Scott  began  in 
1808  with  his  publication  of  Strutt's 
**  Queen  Hoo  Hall,"  edited  by  Scott. 

His  early  connexion  as  the  publisher 
and  friend  of  Lord  Byron  established  him 
at  once  as  one  of  the  most  spirited  and 
successful  publishers  of  the  day ;  and  the 
reputation  he  thus  early  acquired,  led  to 
the  establishment  of  the  Quarterly  Review. 
The  great  success  of  the  **  Edinburgh 
Review"  naturally  led  the  supporters  of 
Church  and  State  to  wish  for  as  power- 
All  an  organ  to  express  their  sentiments. 
The  Quarterly  was  suggested  by  Murray 


1843.3 


OBiTtJAitt.— ^•/oi»  Murray JEsq.  F.8-Jl^ 


211 


himself,  and  his  letter  to  Canning  on 
the  subject  is  still  in  existence.  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  in  1808,  or  1809,  in  his 
letters  to  his  literary  associates,  passes 
many  eulogies  on  the  young  London  book- 
seller  who  was  to  conduct  the  publication 
of  the  work, — and  'speaks  of  bis  talents, 
spirit,  and  judgment,  in  terms  which  Mr, 
Murray's  subsequent  management  of  that 
great  journal  fully  confirmed.  The  first 
editor  of  the  **  Quarterly**  was  the 
celebrated  W.  Gifford,  the  translator  of 
Juvenal,  and  his  successful  conduct  of 
the  journal  has  been  most  ably  continued 
by  Mr.  Lockbart. 

**  Childe  Harold'*  was  a  poem  of  his 
own  seeking,  for  he  had  been  one  of  the 
first  to  foresee  the  budding  genius  of 
Lord  Byron.  He  was  a  proud  man,  we 
have  heard  him  say,  when  Dallas  put  the 
MS.  of  <*  Childe  Harold'*  into  his  hands. 
He  had  been  a  poet*s  publisher  before, 
for  he  had  a  share  in  "  Marmion.** 

The  Athenaeum  observes,  **  The  readers 
of  Lord  Byron's  Life  and  Works  will 
recollect  the  friendly  tone  in  which  he 
writes  to  Mr.  Murray;  and  the  ex- 
quisite rhyming  letter  of  excuse,  which 
the  poet  wrote  in  the  name  of  his  pub- 
lisher to  Dr.  Polidori,  politely  declining 
the  proposed  publication  of  his  play.  Nor 
can  they  have  forgotten  the  many  baga- 
telles in  verse  which  the  poet  addressed 
to  his  enterprising  friend,  *  the  ava^  of 
publishers,'  as  be  calls  him  *■  and  the 
Anak  of  stationers.' 

'*  Mr.  Murray*s  career  as  a  publisher  is 
one  continued  history  of  princely  pay- 
ments. His  copyrights  were  secured  at 
the  most  extravagant  prices — for  he  never 
higgled  about  the  sum  if  he  wanted  the 
work.     To  call  him  the — 

Strachan,  Tonson,  Lintot  of  the  times — 

is  awarding  him  but  a  portion  of  his 
praise.  Contrast  his  liberal  dealings  with 
Lord  Byron  with  old  Jacob  Tonson's 
hard  bargains  with  John  Dryden, — John 
Murray's  hard  cash  with  Jacob's  clipped 
coin.  But  he  did  more  very  often  than 
abide  by  his  agreement.  To  Campbell 
he  doubled  the  price  agreed  upon  for  his 
*  Specimens  of  the  Poets,*  by  paying  the 
stipulated  500/.  and  adding  500/.  more. 
He  gave  50/.  per  volume  additional  to 
Allan  Cunningham  for  his  '  Lives  of 
the  British  Artists,*  and  made  the  pay- 
ment retrospective.  Another  anecdote 
of  his  liberality  of  spirit  we  shall  allow 
him  to  relate  in  his  own  words. 

"To  Sir  Walter  Scott. 
"  *  Albemarle  Street,  June  8,  1829. 

"  <  My  dear  Sir, — Mr.  Lockhart  has 
this  moment  communicated  your  letter 


respecting  my  fourth  share  of  the  copy, 
right  of  Marmion.  i  have  already  been 
applied  to,  by  Messrs.  Constable  and  by 
Messrs.  Longman,  to  know  what  sum  1 
would  sell  this  share  for ;  but  so  highly 
do  I  estimate  the  honour  of  being,  even 
in  so  small  a  degree,  the  publisher  of  the 
author  of  the  poem,  that  no  pecuniary 
consideration  whatever  can  induce  me  to 
part  with  it. 

"  *  But  there  is  a  consideration  of  ano« 
ther  kind,  which  until  now  I  was  not 
aware  of,  which  would  make  it  painful  for 
me  if  I  were  to  retain  it  a  moment  longer. 
I  mean  the  knowledge  of  its  being  re- 
quired by  the  author,  into  whose  hands  it 
was  spontaneously  resigned  in  the  same 
instant  that  I  read  his  request. 

*•*  *  This  share  has  been  profitable  to  me 
fifty.fold  beyond  what  either  publisher  or 
author  could  have  anticipated ;  and, 
therefore,  my  returning  it  on  such  an  oc- 
casion you  will,  I  trust,  do  me  the  favour 
to  consider  in  no  other  light  than  as  a 
mere  act  of  grateful  acknowledgment  for 
benefits  already  received  by,  my  dear  sir, 
your  obliged  and  faithful  servant, 

*<  *  John  Murray."  * 

**  Five  hundred  anecdotes  of  the  great 
spirits  of  his  time  have  died  with  Mr. 
Murray  —  enough  to  make  a  second 
Spence,  or  another  Boswell.  His  con» 
versation  was  always  entertaining,  for  he 
had  a  quiet  vein  of  humour  that  gave  his 
stories  a  palatable  flavour,  adding  largely 
to  their  excellence,  without  destroying  the 
race  of  their  originality.  His  little  back 
parlour,  in  Albemarle  Street,  was  a  sort 
of  Will's,  or  Button's :  his  '*  four-o'clock 
visitors"  embracing  the  men  of  wit  and 
repute  in  London.  Few  men  distin- 
guished in  literature,  in  art,  or  in  science, 
but  have  partaken  of  the  hospitalities  of 
Mr.  Murray's  table.  If  Tonson  had  a  gal- 
lery of  portraits. 

With  here  a  Garth  and  there  an  Addison, 

so  had  Mr.  Murray ;  but  Tonson's  Kit- 
Kat  Club  pictures  were  all  presents — 
Mr.  Murray's  kit-kats  were  all  commis- 
sions; commissions  to  men  like  Law- 
rence, Phillips,  Hoppner,  Newton,  Pick- 
ersgill,  and  Wilkie ;  and  portraits,  too,  of 
Byron  and  Scott,  Moore  and  Campbell, 
Southey  and  Gifford,  Hallam  and  Lock- 
hart,  Washington  Irving,  and  Mrs.  So- 
merville — a  little  gallery  in  itself  of 
British  genius.  Scott  and  Byron  were 
made  personally  known  to  one  another 
through  the  friendly  mediation  of  Murray, 
as  were  Southey  and  Crabbe,  and  Scott 
and  Wilkie. 

**  Mr.  Murray  let  few  good  things  in 
literature  escape  him,  and  his  two  last 
works,  the  Journals  of  Lieut,  Eyre  and 


212 


John  Murray,  Esq,  FJS^.-^JRev.  James  Worsick,        [Aug. 


Iiady  Sale,  were  eacb,  in  the  language  of 
the  trade,  a  lucky  bit.  He  might  have 
bad,  it  is  true,  '  The  Bridgewater  Trea- 
tises,* and  he  made  a  mistake  with  *  The 
Rejected  Addresses.*  '  I  could  have  had 
**  The  Rejected  Addresses "  for  ten 
pounds,*  he  said  to  the  writer  of  this  no- 
tice, *  but  I  let  them  go  by  as  the  kite  of 
the  moment.  See  the  result !  I  was  de- 
termined to  pay  for  my  neglect,  and  I 
bought  the  remainder  of  the  copjrright  for 
150  guineas.*  The  *  Navy  List*  and 
other  publications  are  thus  referred  to  by 
Lord  Byron : — 

Along  thv  sprucest  book-shelves  shine 
The  works  thou  deemest  most  divine, 
The  '  Art  of  Cookery*  and  mine, 

My  Murray. 

Tours,  Travels,  Essays  too,  I  wist, 
And  Sermons  to  thy  mill  bring  grist. 
And  then  thou  hast  *  The  Navy  List,' 

My  Murray. 

He  said  once,  to  the  present  writer: 
'  Lord  Byron  used  to  come  to  my  shop 
in  Fleet  Street,  fresh  from  Angelo*8 
and  Jackson's.  His  ^eat  amusement 
was  makinff  thrusts  with  his  stick,  in 
fencer's  fashion,  at  the  spruce  books,  as 
he  called  them,  which  I  had  arranged 
upon  my  shelves.  He  disordered  a  row 
for  me  in  a  short  time,  always  hitting  the 
volume  he  had  singled  out  for  the  exer- 
cise of  his  skill.'  He  added,  with  a 
laugh,  <  I  was  sometimes,  as  you  will 
guess,  glad  to  get  rid  of  him.' 
^  '<  Let  us  illustrate  his  sagacity  in  bu- 
siness, by  an  anecdote  which  will  be  new 
to  many  of  our  readers.  Constable  pub- 
lished a  little  <  Histonr  of  England*  in 
one  small  volume,  which,  as  it  were,  fell 
still-bom  from  the  press.  Murray  per- 
ceived its  merits,  bought  Constable's 
share,  and  baptized  his  little  purchase  by 
the  name  of  '  Mrs.  Markham's  History 
of  England,*  a  name  it  still  enjoys.  The 
work  flourished  in  his  hands,  and  is,  to 
this  day,  realizing  a  large  annual  profit.*' 

Another  great  undertaking  of  Mr. 
Murray's  was  the  **  Family  Library." 
This  series,  which  undoubtedly  contains 
many  works  of  much  excellence  and  value, 
was  not  so  advantageous  to  Mr.  Murray 
as  might  have  been  anticipated. 

In  182  .  Mr.  Murray  attempted  to 
establish  a  daily  newspaper,  called  **  The 
Kepresentative,"  but,  to  the  surprise  of  all 
who  were  aware  of  Mr.  Murray's  general 
ability  in  literary  speculations,  it  proved 
a  failure,  and  was  soon  dropped. 

To  enumerate  the  authors  with  whom 
Mr.  Murray  was  associated,  is  to  recall 
his  most  celebrated  literary  contem- 
poraries. By  Byron,  Scott,  Crabbe, 
Powles,    Soutbey,  Washington  Irving, 


Milman,  Wilson  Croker,  Barrow,  Lock- 
hart,  and  an  innumerable  list  of  eminent 
travellers  and  others,  he  was  regarded  as 
a  fit  associate  and  a  valued  and  respected 
friend  ;  and  their  sentiments  of  him  are 
recorded  in  their  writings.  Of  Byron  he 
was  a  constant  correspondent ;  and  it  is 
to  him  that  many  of  the  Poet's  most 
brilliant  as  well  as  famous  and  confidential 
letters  are  addressed.  And  it  may  here 
be  added,  that  of  all  the  numerous  circle 
with  whom  he  was  connected,  no  one  had 
cause  to  regret  having  reposed  in  him  the 
most  entire  confidence;  for  his  whole 
transactions  were  equally  just  and  liberal. 
In  private  society  he  was  much  beloved. 
His  disposition  was  benevolent  and  kindly, 
bis  manner  polished,  and  his  habits 
hospitable  and  social.  His  departure  will 
leave  a  blank  not  easily  filled,  in  the  hearts 
of  the  many  friends  who  lament  his  loss. 
The  Literary  Gazette  thus  speaks  of  Mr. 
Murray : 

**  His  situation  in  the  literaiy  world  has 
long  been  most  prominent ;  and  there  is 
hardly  an  author  of  high  reputation,  either 
now  living  or  dead  within  the  last  quarter 
of  a  century,  vjpho  has  not  enjoyed  his  in- 
timacy and  regard.  With  the  majority 
his  social  intercourse  was  most  gratifying, 
and  his  liberality  towards  their  public 
undertakings  such  as  merited  their  esteem 
and  gratitude.  That  he  was  warm- 
hearted  and  generous  will  be  allowed  by  all 
who  ever  knew  him ;  whilst  those  who  had 
the  pleasure  of  a  more  genial  acquaintance 
with  him,  will  long  remember  his  lively 
conversation,  and  the  ready  humour 
which  often  set  the  table  in  a  roar.  He 
was,  indeed,  on  such  occasions  a  very 
agreeable  companion,  and  his  ready  wit 
was  only  an  indication  of  the  acuteness 
and  judgment  which  he  carried  into  his 
professional  concerns.  His  clear  mind 
in  this  respect  led  him  to  enterprizes  of 
great  pith  and  moment ;  and  we  owe  to  it 
some  of  the  most  celebrated  works  in  our 
language.  *  *  *  He  was  a  true  friend  to 
the  arts,  which  he  largely  employed." 

In  1812,  he  bought  the  good  will  and 
house  of  Mr.  W.  Miller,  No.  50,  Albe- 
marle Street,  removing  thither  from  No. 
32,  Fleet  Street. 

In  1806,  Mr.  Murray  married  Miss  El- 
liot, the  daughter  of  a  bookseller  at  Edin- 
burgh.  This  amiable  lady  is  left  his  widow ; 
with  three  daughters,  and  a  son  and 
successor,  Mr.  John  Murray,  the  editor 
of  the  Continental  Hand-books,  who  we 
hope  will  emulate  the  friendly  and  liberal 
traits  of  his  father's  character. 


Rev.  James  Worsick. 
Julyl,    At  Newcastle-on-Tyne,inhi8 
73rd  year,  the    Rev.  James  Worsick, 


1843.] 


Clergy  Deceased. 


213 


4d  years  Roman  Catholic  priest  in  this 

town. 

Mr.  Worsick  may  be  mentioned  as  an 
instance  of  the  respect  and  esteem    in 
which  an  individual  will  be  held  by  the 
public  generally,  even  though  the  majority 
may  differ  from  him  as  to  many  of  his 
opinions,  when  his  profession  and  practice 
correspond  with  each  other,  and  when 
the  prominent  points  of   character  are 
benevolence  and  charity,  and  the  zealous 
and  unwearied  discharge  of  official  duties. 
Mr.    Worsick    was    the  son    of    an 
eminent  banker  at  Lancaster,  but  prefer- 
ring   to   labour  for   others  rather  than 
to    aggrandise    himself,    he    renounced 
the  means  of  accumulating  wealth,  and 
made  choice  of  the  priesthood  that  he 
might  spend  his  life  in  the  service  of  his 
church.    He  was  educated  at  the  Douay 
College,  and  might  have  remained  longer 
on  the  Continent  than  he  did,  had  it  not 
been  for  the  breaking  out  of  the  French 
Revolution,  when  he  escaped  back  to  his 
native  country  with  difficulty,  and,  having 
been  ordained  priest,  was  appointed  to 
Newcastle  in  1795,  where  he  continued 
to  reside  until  his  death.      Preaching, 
catechising,  visiting  the  sick,  both  at  their 
homes  and  in  the  public  hospitals,   re- 
lieving the  necessitous,  and  fulfilling  the 
other  obligations  of  his  office,  constituted 
the  daily  labours  of  Mr.  Worsick,  and 
the  manner  in  which  he  performed  them 
shewed  that  his  heart  was  in  his  work, 
and  that  he  was  under  no  other  constraint 
than  a  sense  of  duty. 

Mr.  Worsick's  talents  were  of  a 
superior  order,  and  in  his  public  ad- 
dresses which  were  plain  to  be  under- 
stood, there  was  a  natural  eloquence,  and 
the  directness  of  his  appeals  to  the  con- 
science gave  them  a  force  which  it  was 
not  easy  to  resist. 

On  Thursday  the  13th,  previous  to 
the  removal  of  the  corpse  from  the  chapel 
in  Pilgrim  Street  to  the  cathedral  now 
erecting  in  West  Clayton  Street,  high 
mass  was  sung  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hogarth, 
of  Darlington,  in  the  presence  of  a  verv 
crowded  congregation,  at  ^  past  11  o'clock 
A.M.  The  body  having  been  placed  in  the 
hearse,  the  procession  moved  up  Pilgrim- 
street,  by  Blackett-street  and  Clayton- 
street,  in  the  following  order : 

Cross  Bearer,  164>  girls  belonging  to 
the  schools,  dressed  in  white,  with  black 
silk  hoods,  llO  boys  belonging  to  the 
Catholic  Schools.  The  members  of  the 
Stella,  Sunderland,  and  Newcastle  Guild, 
63  in  number.  The  Cantor.  The  hearse 
containing  the  body.  Two  mourning 
coaches,  carriage  of  the  Mayor  of  New- 
castle, Thomas  Dunn,  Esq,  and  several 
pther  private  carriages ;  after  which  were 


members  of  the  Newcastle  and  North 
Shields  congregations,  amounting  to  up- 
wards of  200.  On  arriving  at  the  church, 
the  body  was  received  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Riddle,  who  read  the  funeral  service. 
This  is  the  first  interment  which  has  taken 
place  in  the  new  cathedral  church  of  St. 
Mary's  at  Newcastle ;  it  is  now  in  pro- 
gress, and  the  roof  is  expected  to  be  on 
by  the  latter  end  of  August. 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Jan,  5.  Drowned  in  fording  a  river  in 
New  Zealand,  the  Rev.  John  Maaon^ 
Church  Missionary.  His  body  was  in- 
terred on  the  7th  outside  his  own  church 
at  Wanganni. 

March  Si,  At  Newport,  Isle  of  Wight, 
aged  67,  the  Rev.  George  Richards,  M.  A. 
for  many  years  Master  of  the  endowed 
School  in  that  town ;  and  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Dr.  Richards,  Prebendary  of  Win- 
chester. 

April  17.  Aged  82,  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Newton,  Perpetual  Curate  of  Coxwold, 
Yorkshire,  Rector  of  Tewin,  Herts ;  and 
for  many  years  a  Magistrate  of  the  North 
Riding.  He  was  formerly  Fellow  and 
Tutor  of  Jesus  college,  Cambridge, 
where  he  graduated  B.A.  1783,  as  lOth 
Wrangler,  M.A.  1786 ;  he  was  presented 
to  Tewin  by  that  society  in  1806,  and  to 
Coxwold  in  the  same  year  by  Trin.  coll. 

May  8.  In  London,  aged  46,  the  Rev. 
John  Gordon,  Vicar  of  Edwinstowe, 
Notts,  and  a  Prebendary  of  Wilts ;  se- 
cond son  of  the  Very  Rev.  the  Dean  of 
Lincoln.  He  was  of  St.  John's  college, 
Cambridge,  B.A,  1815,  M.A.  1818;  and 
was  presented  to  his  living  by  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  of  Lincoln  in  1836.  He  was 
formerly  Rector  of  St.  Antholin's,  Wat- 
ling-street,  which  he  resigned  in  1835. 

JIfcy  15.  Aged  70,  the  Rev.  Chris- 
topher Atkinson,  for  forty-one  years  Per- 
petual Curate  of  Elland,  Yorkshire,  and 
for  thirty-two  years  Curate  of  St.  Paul's, 
Leeds.  He  was  of  Magdalene  college, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1796,  M.A.  1799. 

At  Warden,  Beds,  aged  68,  the  Rev. 
Frederick  Hervey  Neve,  Vicar  of  South- 
hill  with  Warden.  He  was  of  Merton 
college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1802;  was  collated 
to  the  vicarage  of  Llansantfraid  yn  Me- 
chan,  Montgomeryshire,  in  1805,  by  Dr. 
Cleaver  the  Bp.  of  St.  Asaph  ;  was  pre- 
sented to  the  rectory  of  Walwyn's  Castle, 
Pembrokeshire,  in  1815,  by  the  Prince  of 

Wales ;  and  to  the  vicarage  of  Southhill 
in  1816  by  Mr.  Whitbread. 
May  16.    At    Cambridge,    the    Rev. 

William  Chafy,  D.D.  Master  of  Sidney. 

Sussex  college,  and  Chaplain  in  Ordinary 

to  her  Migesty.    He  w«9  the  eon  9f 


214 


Clergy  Deceased. 


XAug. 


William  Chafy,  M.A.  of  St.  John's  col. 
lege,  sometime  one  of  the  Esquire  Bedels 
of  the  same  university,  and  who  subse- 
qnently  became  Fellow  of  Sydney  col- 
lege, and  ultimately  Minor  Canon  of 
Canterbury  (of  whom  a  memoir  will  be 
found  in  our  Magazine  for  1826,  vol. 
xcvi.  i.  180)  by  Mary,  only  daughter  and 
heiress  of  John  Chafy,  esq.  of  Sherborne, 
CO.  Dorset.  He  graduated  B.  A.  1800,  as 
8tb  senior  optime,  M.A.  1803,  B.D. 
1810,  D.D.  perlit.reg.  1814;  was  Fellow 
and  Tutor  of  the  college,  elected  Master 
of  the  college  in  1813,  and  was  in  the 
same  year  vice- Chancellor  of  the  Uni- 
versity, and  again  in  1829.  Dr.  Chafy 
had  the  reputation  of  being  exceedingly 
wealthy,  and  has  left  property  far  surpass- 
ing in  amount  even  the  expectations  of 
those  most  intimately  acquainted  with  his 
affairs ;  the  bulk  of  which  is  left  to  his 
grandson,  the  heir  of  his  only  child  Wm. 
Westwood  Chafy,  esq.  of  Conington 
House,  near  Cambridge,  who  married  in 
18ci9  Annetta,  daughter  of  the  Rt.  Rev. 
^muel  Kyle,  D.D,  Lord  Bishop  of 
Cork.  Dr.  Chafy's  sister,  Mary,  was 
married  in  1799  to  John-Minet  3d  Lord 
Henniker.  His  funeral  took  place  on 
Monday,  May  22.  The  Fellows,  Scho- 
lars, and  Undergraduates  of  the  col- 
lege assembled  in  the  Combination-room, 
and  as  the  body  left  the  lodge  joined  in 
the  procession,  which  passed  round  the 
two  courts.  William  Westwood  Chafy, 
esq.  (the  only  son  of  the  deceased)  acted 
as  the  chief  mourner;  there  were  also 
present  Lord  Henniker,  the  Rev.  Wm. 
S.  Chafy,  Mr.  John  Chafy,  and  Mr. 
William  Henniker.  The  faneral  service 
was  impressively  performed  bv  the  Rev. 
George  Maddison,  Vicar  of  AH  Saints, 
after  which  the  remains  were  deposited 
in  a  vault  in  the  chapel,  by  the  side  of 
those  of  several  previous  Masters. 

At  Belfast,  the  Rev.  A,  C.  Macartney , 
Vicar  of  Belfast. 

May  17.  Aged  78,  the  Rev.  John 
Paitinson^  Perpetual  Curate  of  Repton, 
Derbyshire,  for  nearly  39  years. 

May  20.  Aged  39,  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Jamea  DavieSt  Minister  of  Entwistle 
Chapel. 

At  the  house  of  the  Bishop  of  Chi- 
chester in  Park-street,  Grosvenor-square, 
the  Rev.  Josias  Robinson,  of  Netherside 
and  Linton,  co.  York,  Rector  of  Aires- 
ford,  Essex,  and  late  Fellow  of  Brase- 
nose  college,  Oxford.  He  was  born  at 
Clitheroe  in  Lancashire ;  matriculated  of 
Brasenose  April  24,  1811;  took  the  de- 
gree of  B.  A.  1814;  was  elected  Fellow 
of  Brasenose  1816,  and  proceeded  M.A. 
1837.  He  was  presented  by  that  college 
to  Airesford,  which  benefice  is  always  given 


to  one  who  has  been  an  exhibitioner]  on 
the  foundation  of  William  Hulme,  esq. 

May  21.  At  Teversal,  Notts,  aged  37, 
the  Rev.  Edward  Blencowcy  M.A.  Cu- 
rate of  that  parish,  youngest  son  of  the 
late  Samuel  Blencowe,  esq.  of  Marston 
St.  Lawrence,  Northamptonshire.  He 
was  formerly  Fellow  of  Oriel  college, 
Oxford. 

May  22.  At  Wliitchurch,  Bucks,  aged 
63,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Archer,  Vicar  of 
that  parish.  He  was  of  Peterhouse,  Cam- 
bridge, M.A.  1807,  and  was  presented  to 
Whitchurch  in  1812  by  Lord  Chancellor 
Eldon. 

Aged  66,  the  Rev.  John  Rowlls Browne, 
Vicar  of  Prestbury,  Cheshire,  and  a  Ma- 
gistrate for  that  county.  He  was  pre- 
sented to  Prestbury  in  1800  by  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Legh. 

At  LIunrhaiadr  in  Cinmerch,  Denbigh- 
shire,  aged  47,  the  Rev.  Edward  WiU 
liamst  M.A.  for  23  years  Vicar  of  that 
parish,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr. 
Williams,  of  Llanbedrog,  co,  Carnarvon. 
He  was  collated  to  his  living  in  1822  by 
the  Bishop  of  Bangor. 

May  23.  At  Broughton  in  Furness, 
Lancashire,  in  his  80ch  year,  the  Rev. 
William  Pearson,  for  more  than  fifty 
years  Perpetual  Curate  of  that  place. 

May  24.  At  Fiskerton,  near  Lincoln, 
aged  37,  the  Rev.  James  Armitstead, 
M.A.  Curate  of  that  place,  Perpetual 
Curate  of  Barlings,  near  Lincoln,  and 
Vicar  of  Thorpe  St.  Peter,  near  Wain- 
fleet.  He  was  presented  to  Barlings  in 
1830. 

The  Rev.  James  Francis,  Minister  of 
St.  PauPfi,  Newport,  Monmouthshire. 
He  was  of  Christ's  college,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1838.  He  had  been  nine  years  at 
Newport,  and  previously  bad  the  charge 
of  a  smidl  parish  in  Pembrokeshire. 

At  Mablethorpe,  Lincolnshire,  in  his 
65th  year,  the  Rev.  /.  Quarmby, 

May  2b,  At  Eye  cottage,  near  Leo- 
minster, in  his  52d  year,  the  Rev.  Aaron 
Thomas,  M.A.  Perpetual  Curate  of 
Leinthall  EarPs  and  Eyton,  Hereford- 
shire. He  was  appointed  to  Leinthall 
Earl's  by  the  Vicar  of  Aymestrey  in  1833. 

May  26.  At  Mount  Pleasant,  near 
Dublin,  aged  81,  the  Rev.  Frederick 
Blood,  Rector  of  the  union  of  Kilnaboy, 
CO.  Clare. 

May  26,  At  TevWishara,  Cambridge- 
shire, the  Rev.  John  Brocklebank,  Rector 
of  that  parish  and  of  Willingham.  He 
was  of  Pembroke  college,  Cambridgeshire, 
B.D.  1814;  and  was  collated  to  both  his 
livings  by  Bp.  Sparke,  to  Teversham  in 
1781  and  to  Willingham  in  1824. 

At  Kilbnm,  the  Rev.  William  Han- 
CQchf  B.D.  Fellow  of  Magdalen  college, 


1843.] 


OBiTrAnv. 


21S 


Oxford,  and  for  manyyears  Minister  of 
St.  Paul's  Chapel  at  Kilburn.  He  was 
bom  in  JLtondon,  Dec.  3,  1789,  was 
admitted  at  Trinity  college,  Oxford,  in 
Dec.  1806,  and  elected  a  Demy  of 
Magdalene  college  at  the  election  in  1808. 
He  so  continued  until  1838,  when  he  be- 
came Probationer  Fellow  on  the  death  of 
Dr.  Jenner,  after  which  he  resided  for 
some  time  in  the  University,  filling  the 
usual  College  offices.  His  affection  for 
his  friends  and  congregation  at  Kilburn, 
however,  was  too  great  to  allow  of  a 
permanent  separation ;  and  refusing  several 
pieces  of  preferment,  some  of  them  of 
considerable  value,  be  returned  to  the 
scene  of  his  early  labours,  and  died,  after 
a  long  and  severe  illness,  universally  be- 
loved and  regretted.  His  abilities  were 
good,  his  scholarship  sound  ;  remarkably 
honest  and  upright  in  his  character,  sincere 
and  extremely  zealous  in  the  discharge  of 
his  ministerial  duties,  and  of  a  very 
friendly  and  amiable  disposition. 

At  Clifton,  in  his  dOth  year,  the  Rev. 
William  Rogers  Lawrence^  Perpetual 
Curate  of  Whitchurch,  Somerset ;  only 
son  of  the  late  Wm.  Rogers  Lawrence, 
^q.  of  Andford,  Gloucestershire.  He 
was  of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1835. 

May  27.  At  Landbeach,  Cambridge- 
shire, the  Rev.  Edward  Addison,  Rector 
of  that  parish.  He  was  of  Corpus  Christi 
XJoU.  Camb.  B.A.  1797,  as  10th  Senior 
Optime,  M.A.  1800,  B.D.  1807;  and 
was  presented  to  his  living  by  that  Society 
in  1821. 

At  the  vicarage,  Mottram,  near  Man- 
chester, (the  residence  of  his  son-in-law, 
the  Rev.  D.  Siddon,)  aged  65,  the  Rev. 
/.  Paul,  late  of  Dumpton,  near  Rams- 
gate. 

May  28.  At  Misterton,  Somerset, 
azed  41,  the  Rev.  Surges  Lambert y  late 
Vicar  of  Fritwell,  Northamptonshire. 
He  was  the  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Robert  Lambert,  esq.  of  Dorchester,  was 
of  St.  Jobn*s  college,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1825,  M.A.  182- ;  and  was  presented  to 
Fritwell  in  1833  by  J.  Willes,  esq.  He 
married  Aug.  10,  1837,  Mary,  eldest 
daughter  of  Sir  Alexander  Ramsay,  Bart, 
of  Balmain. 

May  30.  At  Harrowden, Northampton, 
shire,  aged  63,  the  Rev.  William  Wight 
Layng,  Vicar  of  that  parish.  He  was  of 
Queen's  college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1801, 
as  13th  Senior  Optime,  M.A.  1804 ;  and 
was  presented  to  Harrowden  in  1808  by 
Earl  Fitz William. 

Lately.  Aged  44,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Chetwodey  Perpetual  Curate  of  Nether 
Whitley,  Cheshire,  son  of  Sir  John  Chet- 
wode,  of   Oakley,  Staffordshire^  Bart. 


He  was  presented  to  his  living  by  his 
father  in  1824. 

Aged  72,  the  Rev.  /.  Peek,  of  Brockle- 
ford,  Suffolk,  late  Rector  of  Nazing, 
Essex,  and  Chaplain  to  his  late  R.H.  the 
Duke  of  Sussex. 

June  2.  At  the  rectory,  Aylestone, 
Leicestershire,  aged  69,  the  Rev.  Gilbert 
Beresford.  He  was  of  St.  John*6  college, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1795,  M.A.  1799. 

June  4.  At  Ramsgate,  aged  67,  the 
Rev.  James  ThelwaU  SalusSury,  Rector 
of  St.  Mary  Aldermanbury,  London; 
first  cousin  of  the  late  Sir  Robert  Salus- 
bury,  Bart.  He  was  the  younger  son  of 
the  Rev.  I'faelwall  Salusbury,  Rector  of 
Graveley,  Herts,  by  his  cousin  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  the  Rev.  Lynch  Salus* 
bury.  Vicar  of  Offley  in  the  same  county. 
He  was  of  Trinity  hall,  Cambridge, 
LL.B.  1791,  and  was  elected  to  his  city 
living  in  1802,  by  the  parishioners. 

June  5.  In  Brunswick-square,  aged 
31,  the  Rev.  Thomas  F^amptonf  late 
Curate  of  Charlton,  Wilts;  son  of  the 
late  William  Frampton,  esq.  He  was 
of  St.  John's  college,  Caml»>idge,  B.A. 
1841. 

June  7.  At  Clonmacnoise  glebe. 
King's  county,  in  his  83d  year,  the  Rev. 
John  Gay  Fitzgerald. 


DEATHS. 

LONDON   AND   ITS   VICINITY. 

ApHl  19.  At  Bush  HiU,  Enfield,  ia 
his  84th  year,  Isaac  Currie,  esq.  of  Lon- 
don, banker.  He  married  Marianne, 
daughter  of  Job  Mathew  Raikes,  esq. 
and  by  that  lady,  who  died  in  1834,  was 
father  of  Raikes  Currie,  esq.  M.P.  for 
Northampton,  who  married  in  1825  the 
Hon.  Sophia  Wodehouse. 

May  15.  In  Portman-sq.  in  her  3d 
year,  the  Hon.  Emily-Blanche  Bateman, 
Hanbury,  youngest  child  of  Lord  Bate- 
man. 

May  18.  In  Abingdon-street,  West- 
minster,  aged  63,  Rear-Adm.  William 
Maude.  He  was  made  a  Commander  in 
1805,  and  promoted  to  post-rank  in  1807. 
In  Jan.  1 809,  he  commanded  the  Jason 
frigate,  employed  in  blockading  Guada- 
loupe.  In  1821  he  was  appointed  to  the 
Salisbury  58^  the  flag-^p  of  Rear-Adm. 
Fahie,  on  the  Halifax  station.  He  at- 
tained the  rank  of  Rear-Adm.  in  1841« 
He  married  June  19,  1813,  Anne,  only 
daughter  of  the  late  John  HaUet^  es^ 
which  lady  died  Aug.  5,  1818. 

May  31.  In  Dorset-place,  Vice-Adni. 
James  Keith  Shepard.  He  was  made 
Lieut.  1777,  Post-Captain  1798;  after 
which  he  commanded  the  Redoubt  20, 
stationed  ti»  »  dofttiog  battery  ia  the 


216 


Obituary. 


[Aug. 


Humber.  In  1810  he  was  appointed  to 
superintend  the  impress  service  at  Graves- 
end,  and  he  was  afterwards  employed  in 
the  preventive  service. 

June  8.  In  the  Mile-end-road,  aged 
58|  the  Rev.  Joseph  Fletcher,  D.D.  of 
Stepney,  author  of  **  Lectures  upon  Po- 
pery,'' and  many  able  single  discourses. 

June  11.  In  Grosvenor-place,  aged 
35,  Colonel  Fortescue,  eldest  son  of  Tho- 
mas Strangeways,  esq.  of  Wells  Park, 
Somersetshire.  He  took  the  name  of 
Fortescue  from  his  late  maternal  uncle 
Sir  Fred.  Fortescue,  and  succeeded  his 
father  as  Colonel  of  the  North  Somerset- 
shire Yeomanry  about  five  years  since. 

June  13.  In  Gower-st.  Miss  Crisp, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  John  Crisp,  esq. 
of  Dereham,  Norfolk. 

June  15.  At  Clapham,  Surrey,  aged 
102,  Mrs.  Honor  Johnson. 

In  Sussex  Gardens,  Hyde  Park,  aged 
61,  Mrs.  General  Yates. 

At  Hackney,  aged  72,  Thomas  Dupree, 
esq.  of  the  Bank  of  England. 

June  16.  At  Kennington,  aged  55, 
Joseph  Hazard,  esq.  Deputy  Assistant- 
Comm.  Gen. 

June  17.  Capt.  Blount.  He  had  been 
acting  as  commander  of  the  Royal  yacht 
the  Victoria  and  Albei*t,  and  from  some 
cause  was  informed  by  the  Lords  of  the 
Admiralty  that  he  could  not  have  his 
commission  laid  before  her  Majesty,  in 
consequence  of  which  he  committed 
suicide.  Verdict,  "  Temporary  insa- 
nity." 

In  Highbury-pl.  aged  79,  Thomas  Wil- 
son, esq.  Treasurer  of  Highbury  College. 

Aged  70,  William  Cozens,  esq.  of  Bun- 
hill-row,  and  Amwell-st.  Claremont-sq. 

June  18.  Charles  J.  Wilkinson,  esq. 
late  of  Pentonville. 

Aged  71,  Charles  White,  esq.  of  Carron 
Wharf,  Lower  East  Smithfield. 

Aged  76,  John  Coles,  esq.  for  upwards 
of  40  years  in  the  Hon.  East  India  Co.'s 
Civil  Serv. 

June  19.  Aged  62,  Mary  Ann,  relict 
of  Edward  Cohen,  esq.  of  the  City  and 
•Islington. 

June  20.  At  Brompton,  aged  86,  Jane, 
relict  of  C.  Pierce,  esq. 

In  Amen-court,  St.  Paul's,  aged  36, 
Anne,  wife  of  the  Rev.  W.  J,  Hall, 
Minor  Canon  of  St.  Paul's,  and  Rector 
of  St.  Benet,  Paul'sWharf. 

At  Streatham,  Eliza,  wife  of  Robert 
•Scott,  esq.  of  Gloucester-pl. 

June  21 .  At  North  End,  Fulham ,  aged 
98,  J.  M.  Delattre,  esq. 

Aged  67 1  Joseph  Livesey,  esq.  of  Stour- 
ton  Hall,  Lincolnsh. 

June  22.    At  Brompton,  aged  49^  Adam 
Hunter,  esq,  M.Dt  of  Leeds. 
13 


At  Bayswater-hill,  aged  79,  John  Field, 
esq.  late  of  the  Mint. 

Aged  82,  Mary,  twin  sister  of  Elizabeth 
Benyon,  who  died  in  Feb.  last,  and  sister 
of  the  late  S.  Y.  Benyon,  esq.  Attorney. 
Gen.  for  the  co.  Chester. 

In  Park-pl.  Sophia,  widow  of  Martin 
Hind,  esq.  of  Newton  Green,  near  Leeds, 
and  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Ven.  Archdea- 
con Illing worth,  D.D.  of  Scampton,  near 
Lincoln. 

In  Berkeley-sq.  aged  69,  Richard  Hum- 
frey,  esq.  Staif  Surgeon,  and  formerly  of 
the  56th  Regt. 

June  23.  Aged  54,  Major  John  Cole, 
half-pay,  late  of  the  45th  Regt. 

In  Chester-st.  Grosvenor-pl.  Anna, 
wife  of  Hedworth  Lambton,  esq.  M.P. 
She  was  the  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Ger- 
vase  Parker  Bushe,  esq.  and  was  married 
in  1835* 

At  Brompton,  aged  32,  Mary  Franck- 
lyn,  wife  of  Henry  Nichols,  esq.  of  the 
Middle  Temple,  Barrister,  and  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  Thomas  Bull  Williams,  esq. 
of  Gower-st.  and  Orange  Grove,  Jamaica. 

In  Albany-st.  Regent's  Park,  Henrietta 
Sophia,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.- 
Col.  George  Wilton,  of  the  Hon.  East 
India  Co.'s  Serv. 

At  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh's,  in 
Charles-st.  St.  James's,  aged  65,  Lady 
Catharine  Beresford,  sister  to  his  Grace, 
and  aunt  to  the  Marquess  of  Waterford. 

June  24.  In  Sussex-pl.  Regent's  Park, 
aged  79  y  Robert  Hunter,  esq. 

June  25.  Aged  72,  John  Dearie,  esq. 
of  Old  Church-st.  Paddington. 

June  26.  Louisa,  second  dau.  of 
Symonds  Bridgwater,  esq. 

June  27.  Aiithony  Hammond,  esq.  of 
Saville-row. 

June  28.  At  Brixton-hill,  aged  69, 
James  Hawkins,  esq. 

In  Park-st.  Grosvenor-sq,  Mary-Rivers, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  Lewis 
Graham. 

June  29.  Aged  55,  Thomas  Francis 
Ranee,  esq.  of  the  City-road,  many  years 
Surgeon  to  the  City  of  London  Lying-in 
Hospital,  and  to  the  parochial  infirmary 
of  St.  Luke. 

At  Pimlico,  aged  73,  Madame  Teresa 
Bartolozzi,  relict  of  Gaetano  Bartolozzi, 
(son  of  the  celebrated  engraver,  Francesco 
Bartolozzi,)  and  mother  of  Mrs.  Charles 
Mathews  (Madame  Vestris). 

June  30.  In  Sloane-street,  Thomas 
Churchill  Thompson,  esq.  the  last  male 
descendant  of  Sir  Peter  Thompson,  M.P. 
Member  of  the  Royal  Soc.  and  of  the 
Soc.  of  Antiquaries,  and  High  Sheriff  for 
Surrey  in  1745  and  1746. 

In  Claremont-pl.  Pentonville,  aged  62, 
•WiUiaxa  Mansell,  esq. 


184S.] 


OaiTOABV. 


917 


A.t  Higligftttoi  aged  54,  Miss  Wetherell. 

July  1.  Aged  72,  Thomas  Mi^or,  esq. 
M.S.A.  and  M.R.C.S.L. 

July  2.  At  the  residence  of  Mrs. 
Toulmin,  Clapham,  aged  41,  William 
Henry  Newnham,  esq.  of  Buckham-hilly 
near  Uckfield. 

At  Park  Village  West,  Regent's  Park, 
aged  67,  Sophia  Charlotte,  relict  of  Lieut. 
Hiram  Eraser,  R.N. 

July  3.  Aged  69,  George  Harris,  esq. 
of  Snrrey-sq.  and  the  Stock  Exchange. 

In  Harley-st.  Cavendish-sq.  aged  75, 
James  Houlditch,  esq. 

In  Clapton-sq.  Hackney,  aged  71,  Mrs. 
Sophia  Griffin. 

In  Hatton  Garden*  Catharine,  relict  of 
John  Ord,  esq. 

July  4.  At  Brompton,  aged  40,  Wil- 
liam Henry  HandcocdE,  esq.  of  CarentrUy, 
Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Deputy-Lieut, 
of  CO.  Gal  way. 

In  John-st.  Bedford-row,  aged  76, 
Lucy,  widow  of  William  Stevens,  esq.  of 
Frederick-pl. 

July  5.  At  Stoke  Newington,  aged  55, 
Elizabeth,  widow  of  William  Dixon,  esq. 
of  Hackney. 

July  7.  In  Montagu-sq.  aged  73, 
John  Reade,  esq.  of  Holbrooke  House, 
Suffolk. 

In  St.  Alban's-pl.  aged  64,  James  Mao 
Dougle,  M.D.  Deputy  Inspector-Gen.  of 
Army  Hospitals. 

July  8.  In  York-pl.  Portman-sq.  Mary 
Ann,  third  dau.  of  the  late  R^owland 
Richardson,  esq.  of  Streatham. 

At  Lower  Clapton,  aged  74,  George 
Rutt,  esq. 

July  10.  At  Upper  Kennington  Green, 
Elizabeth,  second  dan.  of  the  late  Major 
Fenwick,  R.  Art. 

BEDa.-^July  4.  At  St.  Cuthbert's, 
Bedford,  aged  83,  Mary,  relict  of  Pere- 
grine Nash,  esq. 

BERi(8.--Vt<ne  20.  At  Streatly  House, 
aged  77,  Mary,  wife  of  W.  Stone,  esq. 

At  Speen-hill,  near  Newbury,  aged  70, 
James  Edwards,  esq. 

Bucks. — June  11.  At  the  house  of 
his  son,  Stony  Stratford,  James  Sleath, 
brother  of  John  Sleath,  D.D. 

June  20.  At  Britwell,  aged  69,  the 
Hon.  Mary  Cassandra,  relict  of  Richard 
Charles  Head  Graves,  esq.  and  sister  of 
Lord  Saye  and  Sele.  She  was  the  younger 
dau.  of  Thomas,  Lord  S&ye  and  Sale,  by 
Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of  Sir  Edward 
Turner,  Bart. ;  was  married  first  in  1790 
to  Edward  Jervis  Ricketts,  esq.  now 
Viscount  St.  Vincent,  which  marriage  was 
dissolved  in  1798,  and  secondly  in  1806 
to  Mr,  Graves.  She  had  issue  by  her 
first   marriage   the  late    Hon.    William 

Gent.  Mag,  Vol,  XX. 


Jervis,  who  died  in  1838>  lei^ving  lime  I 
and  two  daughters,  of  whom  the  elder 
died  in  1805,  and  the  youDger  married  in 
1833  George  Wilkie,  esq.  M.D. 

June  26,  At  Westhorpe  House,  Mar- 
low,  the  seat  of  Gen.  Sir  George  Nugentl, 
Bart,  aged  74,  Lady  Robiiuion,  relict  of 
Sir  William  Henry  Robinson,  K.CfHt 
Commiss.  Gen.  of  the  Forces. 

July  5.  At  Eton,  Franees-Aiina'  Maria, 
wife  of  Lieut  George  Newbidt,  3Ut  Regt* 

Cheshire. — June  97,  At  Laqhe-h^ 
near  Chester,  aged  54,  Edward  SimOB 
Snow,  eqs. 

July  4.  At  the  house  of  his  ftithfV 
John  Latham,  D*C.L.  Bradwall  Hal^ 
aged  20,  John  Henry  Latham,  Commoner 
of  Brasenose  coll.  Oxford.  He  was  eleeted 
in  Nov.  1841,  to  an  open  scholarahip  on 
the  foundation  of  Lord  Craven,  and  was 
honourably  distinguished  among. th9  qaOf^r 
didates  at  the  last  Lent  Examination  for 
Dean  Ireland's  Scholarship*  -  He  was 
grandson  to  Dr<  John  Latham  s  of  whom 
an  account  was  given  in  o«r  Mag,  for 
June  last,  p.  660, 

Devon.— /t<ne  15.  At  Sidmouth» 
Mary  Frances,  wife  of  S.  S.  Wayttt  98^ 
of  Clifton,  and  dau.  of  S,  S.  Ward*  esq. 
of  Camberwell,  Siurrey, 

June  17.  At  Newton  Abbot,  aged  91 1 
William  Dugald  Morrice*  esq,  He  was  on 
a  visit  to  a  friend,  and  met  with  his  death 
through  an  accident^while  riding  ip  a  fiyt 

Near  Sidmouth,  aged  68,  Mrs,  Clark- 
son,  relict  of  Christopher  ClarkSQB»  esqt 
F.S.A.  of  Richmond}  Yorksb. 

At  South-hUl,  Petropkatow,  aged  71  > 
John  Risdon,  esq 

At  the  Deanery,  SUen-Luoy,  wife  of 
the  Very  Rev.  T.  H.  Lowei  the  Dieap  of 
Exeter.  She  had  been  subject  to  ej^ep? 
tic  fits  for  some  years,  and  was  disco- 
vered by  one  of  her  daughters  in  thf  dr^w* 
ing-room,  with  her  clothes  (m  $re,  Mid 
in  a  partially  unconsoiouf  state«  Shf  hsi^ 
no  recollection  of  the  acoidentt  Ver^^et<i« 
Accidental  Death. 

June  19.  At  Wear  Gifofd,  near  Tort 
rington,  aged  71,  Margaret,  r^j^  pf  J«i|ui 
James,  esq.  formerly  of  HQUghton  Lodge» 
Hants. 

June  21 .  At  Rookland,  near  Torquay, 
Lady  Ekins,  wife  of  Adm,  Sir  Chafles 
Ekins,  K.C.B. 

June  22.  At  Mount  Radfordt  aged  74, 
Martha,  wife  of  Joseph  Parker,  esq,  of 
Upton  Cheyney,  Glouc. 

June  23.  At  Exmouth,  aged  66,  Lucy, 
relict  of  Wm.  Trenchard,  esq,  of  Taunton, 

June  ^5.  At  Exmout^,  a^^  68,  Miss 
Elizabeth  Bmtton,  sister  of  m  l^te  Vfm» 
Bnitton,  esq.  of  the  Warren  Howe,  near 

Tjfl.viififfi 

Lately.    At  Torqiiay,  aged.  S3,  F,  E, 


218 


Obituary* 


[Aug. 


Clark,  eldest  surviving  son  of  Samuel  £. 
Clark,  esq.  of  Ilfracombe. 

At  Stonehouse,  Eliza,  second  dan.  of 
the  late  Rev.  John  Foley,  of  Newent. 

July  1.  At  Elzmouth,  aged  71,  John 
Pavis,  esq. 

July  5.  At  Exeter,  aged  69,  Henry 
Blanckley  Rogers,  esq.  last  surviving  son  of 
the  late  Capt.  Robert  Rogers,  R.  A. 

At  Stonehouse,  aged  75,  Jean  Eliza- 
beth, relict  of  Thomas  Windle,  esq.  of 
John-st.  Bedford  .row,  and  of  Wick-hill 
Home,  Berks. 

JulyW,  Mary  Julia  Victoria,  second 
daughter  of  the  late  Donatus  O'Brien, 
esq.  of  St.  Thomas,  Exeter. 

Dorset. — March  17.  At  the  rectory, 
Langton  Matravers,  Isle  of  Purbeck,  aged 
31,  Anna  Maria,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Kenworthy,  and  dau.  of  John  Cass,  esq. 
of  Ware. 

June  14.  At  Lyme,  aged  87,  Mrs. 
Mary  Newton,  dau.  of  the  late  Joseph 
Newton,  esq.  of  Salford  House,  Chipping- 
Norton,  Oxfordshire. 

June  21.  At  Weymouth,  aged  G5, 
Gilbert  Munro,  esq.  of  the  Island  of  St. 
Vincent. 

June  24.  At  Studland,  aged  14,  Ed- 
ward-Dee,  third  son  of  George  Bankes, 
esq.  M.P. 

Lately,  At  Parkstone,  near  Poole, 
aged  32,  Ann,  dau.  of  the  late  Capt. 
Hammond. 

Essex. — June  7.  At  Epping,  aged  54, 
Mrs.  Louisa  White,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Chas.  Clarance,  esq.  of  Lodge  Hall. 

June  25.  At  Ulting  vicarage,  Harriet 
Robinson,  widow  of  William  Nicoll,  esq. 
one  of  the  moniers  of  H.M.  Mint,  and 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  R.  R.  Bailey,  Chap- 
lain of  the  Tower. 

June  26.  At  Ingatestone,  aged  28, 
Edward-Hunt,  youngest  son  of  William 
Butler,  esq. 

At  Great  Horkesley,  in  her  28th  year, 
Sarah,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Arthur  Capel  Job 
Wallace,  M.A.  Curate  of  Hunton,  Kent, 
and  youngest  daughter  of  the  late  Lieut. - 
Gen.  Elwes. 

July  2.  At  Chelmsford,  aged  69, 
Anna  Maria,  relict  of  Thomas  Frost 
Gepp,  esq. 

Gloucester. — June  12.  At  Chelten- 
ham, aged  64,  William  Evans,  esq.  late 
Lieut.-Col.  4l8t  Regt. 

June  21 .  At  Bristol,  Sophia,  wife  of 
J.  G.  Lansdowne,  esq. 

Aged  74,  John  Yerbury,  esq.  of  Shire- 
hampton  and  Clifton. 

At  Clifton,  aged  54,  Martha,  wife  of 
Capt.  J.  Can*,  of  Cheltenham. 

June  25.  At  Clifton,  Mary  Ann,  wife 
of  Thomas  Drever,  esq.  M.D. 

June  28.    At  Clifton,  at  an  advanced 


age,  Ann,  eldest  and  last  surviving  sister 
of  the  late  Adm.  Sir  W.  Hargood,  G.C.B. 
andG.C.H.  ofBath. 

Lately,  At  Clifton,  aged  69,  Hannah, 
relict  of  William  Osborne,  esq.  of  Broad- 
way, Wore. 

July  5.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  63, 
Catharine  Julia,  relict  of  Henry  Stuart, 
esq.  of  Cotmaton  House,  Sidmouth,  and 
sister  of  the  late  Viscount  Anson,  the 
present  Dean  of  Chester,  and  the  Hon. 
Sir  George  Anson.  She  was  married  to 
Mr.  Stuart  in  1807. 

Hants. — June  16.  At  Bournemouth, 
aged  68,  Nathaniel  Polhill,  esq.  formerly 
of  the  Clifife,  Lewes. 

At  Lymington,  aged  91,  Phoebe,  relict 
of  Wm.  Beeston,  esq.  and  last  surviving 
sister  of  the  late  Capt.  Josias  Rogers, 
R.N.  and  Rear- Adm.  Thomas  Rogers. 
.  June  18.  At  Gatcomb  rectory,  aged 
81,  Mary,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Wors- 
ley,  D.D.  Rector  of  Gatcomb. 

June  20.  At  West  Cowes,  I.  W.  Mary 
Ann,  widow  of  Hervey  Higgs,  esq.  late  of 
Reading,  and  formerly  of  Hockliffe,  Beds. 

June  22.  At  Winchester,  Charles 
Blakiston,  esq.  formerly  of  the  9th  Lan- 
cers, third  son  of  the  late  Sir  Matthew 
Blakiston,  Bart. 

At  Ventnor,  I.  W.,  Mr.  James  Drake, 
bookseller,  of  Birmingham. 

Lately,  At  Lymington,  Elizabeth, 
wife  of  James  Munro,  esq. 

At  Christchurch,  aged  24,  the  wife  of 
G.  P.  Dyke,  esq. 

At  Highfield,  near  Southampton,  the 
wife  of  H.  Meggison,  esq. 

AtNewport,  I.  W.,  James  Edwards,  esq. 

At  Bleep's  Stoke,  aged  25,  Helen, 
wife  of  Walter  Twynam,  esq. 

July  1.  At  Everleighi  aged  67,  Wm. 
Pinckney,  esq. 

Julyi,  At  Week,  Winchester,  aged 
62,  William  Burnett,  esq. 

July  8.  At  Southampton,  aged  73, 
Rachel,  relict  of  A.  F.  Nunez,  esq. 

July  18.  At  Portsea,  aged  44,  Mr. 
Henry  Haskel,  Master  of  Lord  Yarbo- 
rough's  yacht  band.  He  was  a  highly- 
talented  musician,  and  was  for  a  series  of 
years  principal  performer  on  the  trumpet 
at  all  the  oratorios  and  concerts  in  Ports- 
mouth, Portsea,  &c. 

At  Ryde,  I.  W.,  aged  41,  Edward 
Kempson,  esq.  Barrister,  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Gough  Willis  Kempson,  of  Grais- 
ley,  Staifordsh.  He  was  called  to  the  bar 
at  the  Middle  Temple  May  6,  1831,  and 
attended  the  Oxford,  Worcester,  and 
Stafford  sessions. 

Herts. — June  25.  At  Whetstone, 
William  Hammond,  esq. 

July  1.  At  Hiliield,  aged  7G,  John 
Fam  Timins,  esq. 


1843.] 


Obituary, 


219 


July  2.  At  Widford,  aged  79,  Eliza- 
beth, relict  of  the  late  Randal  Norris, 
esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple. 

Hereford. — Lately,  At  Kingsland, 
aged  65,  Richard  Heming,  esq. 

Kent. —yiforcA  14.  At  Whitstable, 
near  Canterbury,  aged  39,  Thomas  John 
Roe,  esq.  of  the  Middle  Temple,  barris- 
ter-at-law,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  T. 
Roe,  Rector  of  Kirkby  on  Bain,  near 
Horncastle.  He  was  of  Sidney-Sussex 
college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1826,  M.A. 
182~,  and  was  called  to  the  bar  at  the 
Middle  Temple,  June  7,  1833. 

June  15.  At  Stone  Cottage,  near  Dart* 
ford,  aged  91,  Samuel  Notley,  esq. 

June  18.  At  Woolwich,  aged  31, 
Sarah  Antoinette,  wife  of  Capt.  A.  T.  E. 
Vidal,  R.N.  and  eldest  dau.  of  Henry 
Veitch,  esq.  of  Madeira. 

At  Ospringe,  on  her  road  to  Dover, 
aged  45,  Mary  Eliza,  wife  of  the  Rev. 
Richard  Keats,  Vicar  of  Northfleet. 

June  23.  At  Sandgate,  Caroline  Ali- 
cia, only  dau.  of  Edward  George,  esq. 
M.D. 

June  25.  At  Dover,  aged  35,  Edward- 
Jenner,  second  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Tho- 
mas Pruen,  of  Dursley,  Glouc. 

June  27.  At  Deal,  aged  81,  Ann, 
relict  of  William  Hulke,  esq.  M.D. 

July  1.  At  Maidstone,  Anne,  eldest 
dau.  of  Henry  AUnutt,  esq. 

July  2.  At  Charlton,  aged  61,  Miss 
Lydia  Currey,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  John 
Currey,  of  Dartford. 

July  8.  Aged  80,  the  relict  of  William 
Nethersole,  esq.  of  Margate. 

Lancaster. — Lately,  Susanna,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Raven,  M.A.  minis- 
ter of  Trinity  church,  Preston. 

Leicester. — June  7.  At  Leicester, 
Charles  Meredith,  esq.  formerly  one  of 
the  Coroners  for  the  county. 

June  8.  At  Kilworth  house,  aged  17, 
Arthur,  youngest  son  of  Richard  Gough, 

esq. 

Lincoln.— /m»«  16.  Aged  45,  Eliza- 
beth, eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Francis 
Massingberd,  Rector  of  Washingborough, 
near  Lincoln. 

Middlesex. — June  22.  At  Enfield, 
Joseph  Vaughan,  esq.  many  years  in  the 
commission  of  the  peace  for  Middlesex. 
He  committed  suicide  by  drowning  him- 
self  in  the  New  River,  in  consequence,  it 
is  supposed,  of  losing  a  large  sum  of 
money  by  speculation  in  business.  He 
had  tied  his  legs  together  tightly  with  a 
rope,  and  had  also  coiled  a  piece  of  cord 
round  his  wrists  with  an  iron  weight  of 
nearly  301b.  attached  to  it.  It  may  be 
added,  that  his  mother  was  deranged,  and 
that  his  brother  committed  self-destruc- 
Uqd.    Verdict—**  Temporary  Xnsamty," 


June  28.  At  Ealing,  Adelaide-Robin- 
son, dau.  of  Francis  Nicholas,  D.C.L. 

July  2.  At  Palmer's  Green,  South- 
gate,  aged  72,  Anne,  widow  of  Hugh 
Maccaughey,  esq.  and  late  of  Park-cresc. 
Portland-pl. 

July  9.  At  Forty  Hall,  Enfield,  aged 
26,  liouisa- Joanna,  eldest  dau.  of  Chris- 
tian Paul  Meyer,  esq. 

Monmouth. — Lately.  At  Lydart 
House,  Monmouth,  aged  25,  Julia,  ddest 
dau.  of  Thomas  Oakley,  esq.  one  of  the 
magistrates  of  the  county. 

At  the  residence  of  her  brother,  C.  H. 
Powell,  esq.  Monmouth,  aged  71,  Misi 
Susannah  Powell. 

At  Monmouth,  aged  56,  Jane-Mary- 
Susanna,  dau.  of  the  late  Dr.  Tudor,  and 
sister  to  Mrs.  Bodham  of  Clifton. 

Norfolk. — May  29. .  At  Yarmouth, 
aged  75,  Charles  Nichols,  esq. 

Northampton. — June  2.  Fanny,  se- 
cond dau.  of  Tycho  Wing,  esq.  of  Thomey 
Abbey,  near  Peterborough. 

June  10.  At  Daventry,  Jane,  last  sur- 
viving sister  of  the  late  Rev.  R.  S.  Skil- 
lern.  Vicar  of  Chipping  Norton. 

June  27.  Ann,  wife  of  Charles  Hey- 
gate,  esq.  of  West  Haddon,  and  only 
sister  of  the  late  Thomas  Lovell,  esq.  of 
Winwick  Warren. 

Lately.  At  Northampton,  aged  69, 
Sarah,  widow  of  the  Rev.  John  Noble, 
D.D.  of  Nether  Town,  near  St.  Bees. 

Northumberland. — June  19.  At 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  aged  87,  Elizabeth, 
widow  of  Matthew  Carr,  esq. 

Nottinghamshire. — June2\.  Har- 
riet-Maria, wife  of  Ichabod  Wright,  esq. 
of  Mapperley. 

Lately,  At  Coddington,  aged  102,  Mrs. 
Sarah  Hudson.  She  has  left  48  grand- 
children, and  78  great-grandchildren. 
She  retained  the  whole  of  her  faculties  to 
the  last,  except  her  hearing,  and  could 
readily  thread  a  needle. 

Oxford. — June  15.  At  Waterstock, 
aged  36,  William  Henry  Ashhurst,  esq. 
late  commoner  of  Christ  ch.  Oxford,  eld- 
est son  of  William  Henry  Ashhurst,  esq. 
formerly  M.P.  for  Oxfordshire. 

June  25.  Drowned,  whilst  bathing  in 
Sandford  Old  Lock-pool,  near  Oxford, 
William  Gaisford,  student  of  Christ  ch. 
third  son  of  the  Dean,  and  Richard  Pbil- 
limore,  student  of  Christ  ch.  son  of  Dr. 
Phillimore,  Regius  Prof,  of  Civil  Law. 

Lately,  At  Cuddesden,  near  Wheatley, 
aged  56,  Capt.  John  William  Strongitharm , 
late  of  the  60th  Rifles. 

Rutland. — June  4.  Aged  69,  Tho- 
mas Hotchkin,  esq.  of  Tixover  House, 
Rutland,  and  Woodhall  Lodge,  lincolnsb. 

Salop. — June  85.  At  the  Burnt 
^0u8e,  Selattyn,  Mr,  Jplm  Stoker,  bating 


220 


Obituary. 


tAug. 


that  day  attained  the  patriarchal  age  of 
101  years. 

S0MEA8BT. — June  13.  At  Bath,  aged 
78,  Martha,  relict  of  S.  C.  Blanckenhagen, 
esq. 

Jum  14.  At  Bath,  Elizabeth,  relict  of 
Robt.  Coe,  e&q.  formerly  of  Lynn. 

Xuhe  16.  At  Bath,  aged  79t  General 
Edward  William  Leyburn  Popham.  He 
wai  appointed  Lieut. -Colonel  in  the  Cam- 
brian Rangers  and  Colonel  in  the  army 
1803,  Major-Geheral  1810,  Lieat.-Gen. 
1814,  and  General  18...  He  married 
Mary,  third  dan.  of  Sir  William  tho- 
mas  the  2nd  Bart,  of  Yi^pton  Place, 
Sosiez. 

At  Winscombe,  George  Symdhs,  esq. 
eldest  Son  of  the  late  Geo.  Symons,  esq. 
of  Azbiidge. 

JkM  17.  At  Oldmizon,  Hutton,  Eli- 
zabeth, widow  of  Thomas  Bisdee,  esa. 

June  21 .  At  Northover,  aged  QQ^  Wm. 
Shorland,  esq.  for  45  years  an  eminent 
surgeon  at  Ilchester  (where  his  fother 
praictised  in  the  same  profession  for  a  si- 
milar period  before  him). 

June  22.  At  Weston  House,  near 
JBath,  Caroline,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late 
George  Whitehead,  esq. 

June  23.  The  wife  of  C.  Drake,  esq. 
solicitor,  of  Taunton. 

At  Bloomfield  Lodge,  near  Taunton, 
aged  69,  Samuel  Waring,  esq.  late  of 
Norwood,  Surrey. 

At  Bath,  John  Francis  Gunning,  esq. 

June  29.  At  Bath,  aged  62,  Squire 
George  Smith,  esq. 

Latety,  At  Swainswick  House,  near 
Bath,  aged  29,  Joseph  Henry  Bennett, 
esq.  only  child  of  Joseph  Henry  Bennett, 
esq.  of  Bennett's  Court,  co.  Cork. 

At  Bath,  aged  83,  Ann,  relict  of  the 
Rev.  George  Varenne,  D.D.  Rector  of 
Westley,  and  Vicar  of  £lm-cum-£nmeth, 
Cambridgesh. 

July  6.  At  Prior  Park,  near  Bath, 
^d  58,  the  Rev.  Peter  Augusta  Raines, 
vicar  Apostolic  of  the  Western  District. 
He  assisted,  on  the  previous  day,  at  the 
opiBning  of  the  grand  Roman  Catholic 
church  on  the  Quay,  Bristol,  recently 
purchased  from  the  Irvingites.  He  was 
consecrated  Bishop  May  1,  1823. 

Stafford.— June  12.  At  Lichfield, 
aged  72,  Mary,  widow  of  the  Rev.  R. 
Buckeridge,  LL»B. 

June  16.  Aged  44,  Thomas  Gilbert, 
esq.  of  Cotton  Hall. 

Suffolk  —  June  23.  At  Gorleston, 
aged  76,  Lucy,  relict  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Browne,  and  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  John 
Astley,  of  Thomage,  Norfolk. 

June  28.  At  Palgrave,  aged  70,  £. 
p.  Alston,  JSsq.  of  Manningtree,  Essex. 

June  30.    Frances-Maria,  wife  of  Mr* 


Smith,  of  Stansted,  and  dau.  of  James 
Fisher,  esq.  LL.D.  of  Cambridge  Lodge, 
Brighton. 

SuR&EV. — June  30.  At  Richmond, 
Elizabeth-Anne,  relict  of  the  Rev.  W. 
Harrison,  M.  A.  formerly  of  Stone  Bridge, 
Durham. 

July  1.  At  Braboeuf,  near  Guildford, 
aged  75,  the  relict  of  John  Wight,  esq. 

Sussex. — June  14.  At  Hastings,  Or- 
lando Jones,  esq.  of  the  firm  of  Orlando 
Jones  and  Co.  Osbom-st.  Whitecfaapel. 

June  16.  At  Ersham  Lodge,  Hails- 
ham,  aged  81,  the  widdW  of  the  Rev. 
James  Capper,  late  Vicar  of  Wilmington. 

June  22.  At  Barham  House,  East 
Hoathley,  aged  76,  William  Hart,  esq. 
formerly  of  Madras. 

Juhe  23.  Aged  33,  Jane-Franc43s, 
tliird  dau.  of  lUlph  Fenwick,  esq.  of 
HaUng  Park,  Croydon. 

June  26.  At  Brighton,  Robert  Combe, 
esq.  Member  of  the  Royal  Coll.  of  Sur- 
geons, formerly  of  Wincanton,  Somer- 
set. 

June  27.  At  East  Grinstead,  aged  59, 
Robert  Brown,  esq.  formerly  of  the  Elms, 
Streatham. 

Lately.  At  Brighton,  Elizabeth,  wife 
of  Capt.  D.  Canifield,  and  widow  of  Col. 
Hardinge,  99th  Regt. 

July  4.  At  Brighton,  aged  18,  Lady 
Georgina-Elizabeth  Bridgeman,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  Eari  of  Bradford. 

July  5.  At  Brighton,  nged  19,  Henrv 
Edward,  son  of  Gen.  the  Hon.  IVederick 
St.  John. 

Warwick. — April  20.  At  Birming- 
ham, aged  53,  Mr.  John  Woolrich,  Lec- 
turer on  Chebiistry  in  the  Royal  School 
of  Medicine,  Birmingham. 

Westmoreland. — Aprils.  AtHawes- 
water  House,  Bampton,  aged  60,  Chris- 
topher Bowstead,  esq.  eldest  surviving 
son  of  the  Rev.  John  Bowstead,  B.D. 
late  Rector  of  Musgrate,  and  Prebend- 
ary of  Lichfield,  and  formerly  fifty-six 
years  head  master  of  the  Grammar  School 
of  Bampton. 

Wilts. — Lately,  Aged  77,  Harriet, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  G.  Rogers,  Vicar  of 
Market  Lavington. 

July  1.  At  Warminster,  aged  80,  the 
widow  of  the  Rev.  George  Smith,  late 
Vicar  of  Norton  Eavant. 

WoRCESTRR.  —  Lately,  At  Poole 
House,  Upton-on-Sevem,  John  Price, 
esq.  the  eminent  breeder  of  Herefordshire 
stock. 

York. — April92,  At  Hickleton,  near 
Doncaster,  aged  36,  Samuel  Francis 
Wood,  esq.  younger  son  of  Sir  Francis  L. 
Wood,  Bart.  He  was  a  member  of  Oriel 
college,  Oxford.  He  contributed  to  otur 
Magazine  the  interesting  papers  in  onr 


1843.] 


OfilTUARY. 


221 


last  Tblaticre  On  th6  Foundation  of  Religi- 
ous Houses. 

May  28.  Aged  41,  MaHanne,  ^Fe  of 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Albutt,  M.A.  Vicar  of 
Dewsbury* 

Jun€  15.  At  HttU,  aged  64,  the  relict 
Xii  Capt.  ^Taylor. 

JuM  19.  At  Beverley,  ag^d  85,  Ann, 
dliti.  of  the  late  C.  Scott,  esq.  of  Ald- 
brough,  and  widow  Of  Col.  Alachell,  of 
Beverley. 

June  ^.  At  Le6ds,  Sophia,  felict  Of 
Martin  Hind,  esq.  of  Newton  Gree\i,  &nd 
eldest  dau.  of  the  l&te  Archdeacon  lUihg- 
worth,  D.D.  of  Scampton,  neat  Lincoln. 

JuM  S4,  At  R^nby,  near  Retford, 
aged  60,  Miss  Mary  Rogers. 

June  $9.  At  Scarborough,  aged  75, 
Jane,  relict  Of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Simpson, 
Vicar  of  BoyntOn,  and  sister  to  Miss 
Banks,  Of  the  former  plac6. 

Lately.  M&ry,  wife  of  the  Rev.  John 
Urquhart,  Perpetual  CUrate  of  Chapel- 
Allerton,  Leeds. 

Wales. — June  14.  At  Haverford- 
west, Esther,  relict  of  Wm.  Phillips,  esq. 

Lately,  At  Vauxhall,  LlaneUy,  aged 
39,  Theodosia-Anne,  wife  of  B.  Jones, 
esq.  solicitor. 

ScoTLAKD. — March  20.  At  Dunoon, 
aged  71,  James  Tannahill,  esq.  late  mer- 
chant at  Paisley,  and  eldest  brother  of 
the  celebrated  Robert  Tannahill,  poet. 

April  28.  At  Lauriston,  William  Wal- 
lace, LL.D.  Emeritus  Professor  of  Mathe- 
matics in  the  University  of  Edinburgh. 

May  29.  At  Broomhill  House,  Lass- 
wade,  near  Edinburgh,  aged  72,  Thomas 
Fuller  Samwell,  esq.  or  Upton  Hall, 
Northamptonshire. 

June  4.  At  Edinburgh,  Sir  William 
Drysdale.  He  held  the  office  of  City 
Treasurer,  and  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood  on  the  occasion  of  presenting 
a  civic  address  to  her  Majesty  on  the  birth 
of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  He  was  father  of 
Dr.  Drysdale  of  Liverpool. 

InitLAND. — May  4.  At  Thome  rec- 
tory, CO.  Down,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  John 
Close. 

May  11.  In  Dublin,  Quartermaster 
Duxbury,  h.  p.  14th  Foot. 

May  12.  At  Kingstown -on-the- Sea, 
near  Dublin,  Hugh  Walsh,  esq.  of 
Drumsna,  Leitrim. 

May  18.  At  Court  Lodge,  Limerick, 
Arrabella,  wife  of  Tobias  Delmege,  esq. 

May  36.  At  Dublin,  aged  11,  Isabella 
Frances  Jane,  only  surviving  dau.  of  Capt. 
Leicester  Vlney  Smith,  Assistant  Deputy 
Qnartermaster-gen. 

Lately.  Aged  91,  John  Martin,  esq. 
he  oldest  merchant  in  Belfast. 

Aged  109  years,  William  Maher,  of 
Windgap,  00.  KilkOimy.    Almost  to  the 


day  of  his  death  he  was  able  to  indulge  in 
his  fieivourite  pursuit  of  angling.  He  was 
a  nephew  to  Maurteen  Maher,  the  hero  of 
Banim's  tale  of  the  "  Mayor  of  Windgap.'* 

At  Bandon,  John  Flinn  Downing,  esq. 
Lieut.  96th  regt. 

Major  C.  Callaghan  M'Carthy,  late  of 
36th  regt 

At  Armagh,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Capt. 
Barker,  sister  of  the  late  Gien.  Charles 
Stuart. 

June  .  At  Cork,  C&pt.  John  Mac* 
intire,  45th  Foot.  He  was  a  native  of 
Ballyshannon ;  joined  the  33rd  in  1815 
as  a  volunteer,  and  exchanged  in  1819  to 
the  45th,  which  he  joined  at  Ceylon.  He 
was  promoted  to  Lieut,  in  1825,  and 
served  during  the  whole  of  the  Burmese 
war,  succeeding  to  a  company  in  1 832. 

June  5.  At  Dublin,  aged  56,  William 
Peter,  only  son  of  the  late  George  Lunell, 
esq.  of  that  city,  and  nephew  of  the  late 
W.  P.  Lunell,  esq.  of  Bristol. 

June  9.  At  Cork,  aged  45,  Amelia, 
wife  of  John  Joyce,  esq.  Collector  of 
Customs,  Carlisle. 

Jersey. — May  15.  At  St.  Heller's, 
aged  63,  John  Stabler  Budd,  esq. 

May  29.  At  St.  Heller's,  Louisa,  se- 
venth dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Backhouse* 
esq.  of  Caldbeck,  Cumberland. 

June  6.  Nanny,  wife  of  Capt.  George 
Haye,  RN. 

Guernsey. — Jpril  26.  Lieut.  Lori- 
mer,  h.p.  42nd  Foot. 

May  11.  Mr.  John  Cheslyn,  late  of 
Loughborough. 

East  Indies. —i^^.  16.  At  Singapore* 
2nd-Lient.  Thomas  Bernard  Cos,  of  the 
Madras  Art. 

Peh,  24.  At  Dum  Dam,  near  Cal* 
cutta,  aged  27,  Richard  Bailey,  of  HuU, 
commissariat  in  the  Hon.  East  India 
Company's  service. 

March  14.  At  Paulghautcherry,  Major 
Godfrey  Webster  Whistler,  19th  Madras 
Nat.  Inf. 

March  19.  In  Camp  Alloor,  Madras* 
Ensign  H.  W.  Mc  Causland,  40th  N.  I. 

March  20.  At  the  General  Hospits^, 
Lieut.  R.  H.  Owen,  2nd  N.  V.  battalion. 

March  20 .  At  Kamptee ,  near  Nagpore, 
Lieut.-Col.  William  Williamson,  C.B. 
commanding  the  Nagpore  subsidiary  force. 

March  24.  Killed  in  action  near  Hy- 
derabad, Capt.  C.  Garrett,  9th  light  cav. ; 
and  Lieut.  J.  C.  Smith,  1st  horse  Art. 

April  3.  At  Kirkee,  Sarah,  wife  of 
Lieut.  C.  W.  Thompson,  H.  M.  14ai 
Light  Dragoons. 

April  5.  Lieut.  F.  Burr,  from  the 
effects  of  wounds  received  in  action  hear 
Hyderabad  on  the  24th  March. 

At  Cannamore,  Lieut,  David  IngUa 
Money,  5th  M.N.I. 


••• 

•  • 


•  •• 


222 


Obituary. 


[Aug. 


April  8.  At  the  house  of  the  Hon.  L. 
R.  Reid,  esq.  aged  36,  Fanny,  wife  of 
Lieut.-Col.  S.  B.  Boileau,  H.M.  22nd  Ft. 

jiprit  9.  At  Ootacamund,  aged  38, 
Capt.  George  Greig  Mackenzie,  50Ui  N.I. 
assist,  mil.  auditor-gen. 

April  12.  In  camp  at  Bellagoopah, 
Madras,  Eliza,  wife  of  Capt.  W.  M.  Ca- 
rew,  H.M.'s  63rd  regt. 

j^pHl  16.  At  Bombay,  lieut.  A.  Dick- 
iaion,  of  H.M.  17th  Foot. 

At  Dinapore,  East  Indies,  aged  22, 
Henry  WoUaston  Fym,  esq.  formerly  of 
Trinitjf  College,  Camb.  third  son  of 
Fhmcis  Fym,  esq.  of  the  Hassells,  Bed- 
fordshire. 

jfyril  S5.  At  Madras,  Mr.  Reginald 
Hall  Le  Bas,  of  the  Bengal  Civil  Service* 
second  son  of  the  Rev.  C.  W.  Le  Bas, 
Principal  of  the  East  India  college,  Hai- 
leybury. 

Lately,  At  Calcutta,  where  he  resided 
upwards  of  half  a  century,  Richard  Hitch- 
ingfi  Calcutt.  He  was  a  descendant  from 
ttie  ancient  family  of  the  Leveson  Gowers, 
and  Sir  Neville  Poole,  formerly  of  Oakely 
lodge,  Gloucestersh. 

West  Indies. — Jan,  21.  At  Deme- 
rara,  aged  30,  William  Mills  Midwinter, 
esq.  eldest  son  of  the  late  Major  Mid- 
winter, of  the  Bengal  army. 

Abroad.  —  Dec.  9.  At  Fremantle, 
Western  Australia,  Henry  Amos  Ash, 
esq.  surgeon. 

Feb,  7.  On  his  return  from  Calcutta, 
by  accidentally  falling  overboard,  while 
setting  a  studding  sail,  aged  27 1  Edwin 
Hills,  esq.  chief  officer  of  the  Zemindar, 
and  son  of  Thomas  Hills,  esq.  Lieut. 
R.N.  of  Holder  HiU,  near  Midhurst. 

Feb.  17.  At  Athens,  the  celebrated 
Theodore  Colocotroni.  His  youngest 
son  had  just  married,  and  it  seems  the 
delight  experienced  by  the  father  brought 
on  a  fit  of  apoplexy. 

March  3.  James,  second  son  of  Bar- 
nard Hague,  esq.  of  York.  In  attempt- 
ing to  cross  the  river  Otanabee,  U.  C. 
accompanied  by  his  servant,  in  a  bark 
canoe,  it  was  upset,  and  both  were 
drowned. 

March  5.  On  board  the  Maitland, 
Capt.  W.  M.  Lyster,  2d  foot,  while  in 
command  of  invalids  from  the  East  Indies. 

March  13.  At  Munich,  the  historical 
painter  Rockel. 

March  16.  At  Paris,  aged  80,  M. 
Bailleul,  formerly  a  member  of  the  Na- 
tional Convention.  M.  Bailleul  was  one 
of  the  judges  of  Louis  XVI.  but  voted  for 
the  confinement  of  that  unhappy  Prince. 
Having  become  afterwards  member  of  the 
Council  of  Five  Hundred,  it  was  on  his 
denunciation  that  assembly  enacted  on 
th^  IBt^  Fructidor  it  decree  of  banishment 


against  52  deputies  and  41  proprietors 
and  journalists. 

At  Brussels,  M.  Falck,  minister  pleui- 
potentiary  of  King  William  II. 

March  28.  At  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
Dr.  Charles  Alison,  surgeon  of  H.  M.  S. 
Endymion,  son  of  Mr.  James  Alison, 
Edinburgh. 

April  16.  At  Paris,  Baron  Shickler, 
the  wealthy  Prussian  banker. 

April  22.  At  Pau,  the  Due  de  Beau- 
mont, eldest  son  of  the  Prince  de  Luxem- 
burgh. 

April  23.  At  Syra,  on  his  return  from 
India,  aged  33,  Capt.  R.  D.  Werge,  39th 
regt.  son  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Oswald 
Werge. 

Aged  23,  whilst  proceeding  from  Santa 
Cruz,  Teneriffe,  to  Cadiz,  James  Dunn, 
M.R.C.S.  eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  James 
Dunn,  B.D.  Rector  of  Preston,  Suffolk. 

April  30.  At  New  York,  James  Dean, 
esq.  formerly  of  Bolton-le-Moors,  Lanca- 
shire. 

May  2.  At  Cadiz,  aged  37,  Edwin 
Hill  Handley,  esq.  of  Old  Bracknell, 
Berks. 

May  4.  At  Dieppe,  where  he  had  re- 
sided for  many  years.  Colonel  Orby  Hun- 
ter, distinguished  in  the  literary  world  by 
a  translation  of  Byron's  works  into  French. 

May  7:  On  board  the  mail  packet 
bound  to  Honduras,  Edward  Sheil,  esq. 
for  many  years  of  Belise,  an  eminent  mer- 
chant, and  brother  of  the  Right  Hon. 
Richard  Lalor  Sheil,  M.P. 

May  8.  At  Lausanne,  Mrs.  Hole, 
widow  of  the  Rev.  H.  A.  Hole,  Rector  of 
Okehampton  and  Chulmleigh,  Devon, 
dau.  of  tne  late  Bishop  Home,  and  mother 
of  the  Rev.  Greorge  Hole,  Rector  of  Chulm- 
leigh. 

May  9.  At  Brussels,  aged  72,  Colonel 
John  Camac,  of  Brettenham  Park,  Nor- 
folk, late  of  the  1st  Life  Guards.  He  was 
made  Lieut.  1804,  Captain  Aug.  1808, 
Captain  1st  Life  Guards  1808,  Major  and 
Lieut.-Colonel  1812 ;  and  brevet  Lieut.- 
Colonel.  He  commanded  his  regiment  in 
the  Peninsula,  and  received  a  medal  for 
the  battle  of  Vittoria. 

May  12.  At  Berlin,  Thomas-Whita- 
ker,  only  son  of  Thomas  Starkie,  esq. 
Q.C. 

May  14.  At  Ostend  John  Scriven, 
esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Serjeant-at-law. 

May  18.  At  Gotha,  Frederick  Perthes, 
one  of  the  most  eminent  booksellers  and 
publishers  in  Germany,  and  who,  under 
Napoleon,  had  to  suffer  a  great  deal  on 
account  of  his  numerous  anti-French  pub- 
lications. 

May  30.  At  Boulogne-sur-Mer,  aged 
25,  Edwin  Eaton,  esq. 

Lately,     At  Dresden,  aged  38;  Dr 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


223 


Bulardy  known  by  his  experiments  on 
plague,  in  the  East.  The  deceased  has 
been  known  to  pass  nights  and  days  with 
plagae  patients,  even  when  the  natives 
dare  not  approach  them.  This  he  did  re- 
peatedly at  Cairo,  Alexandria,  Smyrna, 
and  Constantinople.  He  had  received 
several  Russian,  Turkish,  and  Egyptian 
orders,  and  was  a  member  of  several 
learned  societies. 

At  Rome,  Cardinal  Giustiniani.  He 
was  born  in  1769. 

At  Paris,  M.  Jules  Vernet,  the  well- 
known  miniature  painter. 

At  Paris,  M.  Fauchery,  the  celebrated 
engraver  of  the  beautiful  print  **  of  Jo- 
conda.*' 


At  Paris,  aged  84,  M.  Mauguin,  the 
parish  priest  of  St.  Germain  PAuxerrois. 
It  was  this  clergyman  who  found  means 
in  1793  to  penetrate  into  the  dungeon  of 
Marie  Antoinette  in  the  Conciergerie,  and 
to  administer  to  her  the  consolations  of 
religion. 

June  1.  At  Gottingen,  aged  73,  Pro- 
fessor Bauer,  K.H. 

June  3.  At  Paris,  William  Pitt  Eykyn, 
esq.  late  of  the  Middle  Temple. 

June  4.  At  Montmorency,  near  Paris, 
the  wife  of  Thomas  Riddell,  esq.  of  Fel- 
ton  Park,  Northumberland. 

June  12.  At  Boulogne-sur-Mer,  Susan 
Honor,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Browse 
Trist,  esq.  of  Bowden  House,  near  Totnes. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

F^om  the  Returns  Usued  by  the  Registrar  General, 

Deaths  Registered  from  June  24,  to  July  15.    (4  weeks.) 

Under  15 1534 

3301  I5to60 1080 

60  and  upwards     683 
Age  not  specified     4 


Males         1708 
Females     1593 


►3301 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  July  18. 


Wheat. 
9,  d, 
57  11 


Barley. 
s.  d, 
32    6 


Oats. 
s,     d, 
20     1 


Rye. 
s,     d. 
30    0 


Beans.  I  Peas. 
s»     d»   I    s»    d, 
31     2      36    4 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,   June  24. 
Sussex  Pockets,  4/.  lOs.  to  5/.  4«. — Kent  Pockets,  4/.  15^.  to  6/.  lOs, 


PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  July  21. 
Hay,  4/.  0«.  to  51.  Os — Straw,  2/.  16*.  to  3/.  0*.— Clover,  5/.  0*.  to  6/.  0*. 

SMITHFIELD,  July  21.  To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  Slbs. 

Beef. 2s.     8rf.  to  4*.  Od. 

Mutton 3f.     2d.  to  4«.  4fd. 

Veal 3s.    6d.  to  4*.  6d. 

Pork 3#.    Od.  to  4*.  Od. 

COAL  MARKET,  July  21. 

Walls  Ends,  from  lU.  9d.  to  20s.  Od.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  \3s.  6d.  to  16*.  Od, 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  July  21. 

Beasts 679      Calves   422 

Sheepand  Lambs  10,370      Pigs      340 


TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  43*.  Od.      Yellow  Russia,  43*.  Od, 
CANDLES,  7*.  ed.  per  doz.    Moulds,  9s.  Od. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Brothers,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 

23,  Change  Alley,  Cornhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  193. Ellesmere  and  Chester,  65. Grand  Junction,  143. 

Kennet  and  Avon,  12. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  650.  Regent's,   1 9 J. 

Rochdale,  54. London  Dock  Stock,  93. St.  Katharine*s,  107§. East. 

and    West   India,  125.  — -  London  and  Birmingham    Railway,  210. Great 

Western,  89^.  London  and   Southwestern,   64^. Grand  Junction    Water 

Works,  75. West  Middlesex,  1 12.  —  Globe  Insurance,  130i.  Guardian, 

43^. Hope,  7J. Chartered  Gas,  65^. Imperial  Gas,  75. Phoenix  Gas, 

32, London  and  Westminster  Bank,  23. Reversionary  Interest,  100. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  as  above. 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  W.CARY.  Sthamd. 
fVvn  Jwtt  86  lo  J*i9  25,  1813,  bttlk  ncltuivt. 


FdiraBheit-s  Therm 

IP 

J 

Weather. 

i 

1 

Weather. 

.Tun 

C      I        Q 

.p 

0    1      o 

- 

lin.  pts. 

m 

-W 

W 

-Tfi 

29,  05 

fair,  cloudj 

5S  1  60 

30,09 

hit,  cloudy 

vn 

T.-i 

.'hi 

do.  fil» 

IV 

60  170 

fli 

■  17 

»H 

,w 

.'.■; 

4H 

l;loudy,  fur 

!<*> 

,09 

do.elT.be.sb. 
elou/y,  fair 

«» 

.V( 

«) 

M 

do.  fHir.  cldy 

.W 

VII 

fr' 

,oe 

«) 

M 

,89 

do.  do.  do. 

fl-l. 

J.  1 

Wl 

4W 

,*.ft 

30,01 

do.  do.  do. 

«.■> 

Id 

HV 

,80 

fine 

■i 

«.■) 

■r.i 

flt 

fur,  line 

7Jl 

VH 

fi,S 

.SO 

«7 

do.  cldv.  fini 

71^ 

.S,T 

29,  94   idoudy,  rain 
,74    do.fr.sl.Bhs. 

4 

7(1 

<w 

,03 

d.  si.  ah.  bit 

ih:j 

■■i 

74. 

fair,  fine 

SNl 

mi 

07 

.■■|7 

,  73   \ir.  cl.  do.  do. 

fi 

Kl 

do.  do.  cldv 

W 

7 

«( 

65 

.5*. 

Jfii 

HI 

(•){ 

H 

.■ift 

1&S 

hh 

,  id    do.  heavy  do. 

f( 

rti-i 

M 

do.  fr.  do.  do. 

.w 

30,06   ifr.cIy.Bl.  ab. 

« 

£t> 

,i» 

fair,  cloudy 

•ii> 

j>« 

an 

57 

,  19 

cloudy,  fair 

DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 
From  Jvnt  28  in  Jvig  27,  1843,  both  Mcliaive. 


I,  a,  MlDtaOli  'AXi-iiX,  rNHTIMi  i 


rAauuuHi>nmin> 


i 


•  .  f 


i 


■1 


226 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


Ma.  Urban,  Oxford,  Aug,  4. 

In  the  account  of  the  Rougham  Anti- 
quities inserted  in  your  last  p.  190,  it  is 
stated,  that,  amongst  other  relics,  8pur9 
(as  it  would  appear  of  Roman  origin,) 
have  been  found.  Could  you,  through 
the  medium  of  your  interesting  Maga- 
zine, inform  your  readers  of  what  material 
they  were  made,  of  what  shape,  and 
whether  they  possess  any  peculiarities? 
It  is  doubted  whether  any  Roman  spur  of 
undoubted  genuineness  has  come  down  to 
us,  nor,  as  far  as  I  can  learn,  does  the 
spur  appear  amongst  their  representations 
of  armour.  Antiquarius. 

Vol.  XIX.  p.  544  the  Rev.  George 
Jekyll,  described  as  Vicar  of  West  Coker« 
Dorset,  was  Rector  of  that  place,  and  of 
ifewkridge  and  Withypool,  in  Somerset- 
■hire,  in  which  county  the  former  place  is 
also  situated,  as  is  stated  in  the  title-page 
of  his  «*  Daill^."  He  published,  in  1841 , 
(large  l2mo.  pp.  xxiv.  359,)  a  revision  of 
the  Rev.  T.  Smith's  translation  of  Daill6, 
«*  On  the  Right  Use  of  the  Fathers," 
with  a  preface  containing  Bishop  Warbur- 
ton's  laudatory  character  of  the  work, 
taken  from  the  preface  to  bis  Julian. 
The  old  translation,  which  bears  the 
name  of  Smith,  was  originally  published 
in  1651. 

Y.  S.  D.  observes,  ''  Although  English 
scholars  have  spent  no  little  labour  upon 
so  corrupt  an  author  as  Athenseus,  yet 
there  has  never  been  an  edition  of  his 
work  in  this  country.  It  is  a  book  very 
much  wanted,  for  Casaubon's  edition  is 
too  bulky,  Schweighfleuser's  too  extensive, 
and  Dindorf's  too  dear.  A  good  edition 
of  the  text,  with  such  notes  only  as  give 
an  account  of  the  readings  introduced, 
embodjring,  of  course,  the  whole  of  Por« 
son's,  (from  his  Adversaria,)  would  be  a 
most  valuable  acquisition.  It  might  be 
easily  accomplished  by  either  of  our  Uni- 
versities, and,  if  printed  in  the  same 
beautiful  type  as  the  Oxford  edition  of 
Bekker's  Aristotle,  would  not  occupy 
more  than  two  8vo.  volumes." 

C.  H.  D.  remarks,  **  In  the  life  of 
Bishop  E.  Rainbow,  of  Carlisle,  prefixed 
to  his  sermon  preached  at  the  funeral  of 
Anne  Countess  of  Pembroke,  &c.  (pub- 
lished by  S.  Jefferson,  34<,  Scotch  Street, 
Carlisle,  in  1839,)  it  is  stated  that  the 
^fe  of  fip.  Rainbow,  by  Jonathan  fianks« 
(pnblished  in  1688,)  *  was  compiled  by 
tne  help  of  some  papers,  and  the  diary  of 
the  Bishop  fumiehed  by  bis  widow.'    Is 


this  diary  now  in  existence  ?  If  so  where 
is  it  to  be  found  ?  Bp.  Rainbow  died  at 
Rose  Castle,  26th  March,  1684.— Are 
any  of  the  papers  or  diary  of  Adam 
Loftus,  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  and 
afterwards  of  Dublin,  still  in  existence?*' 
Mr.  Samuel  Gregory,  of  the  Lord 
Mayor's  Court  Office,  has  at  length  suc- 
ceeded in  ascertaining  the  places  of  burial 
of  all  the  deceased  Lord  Mayors  of  Lon- 
don from  the  year  1680,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  three  following,  with 
respect  to  whom  he  begs  to  repeat  his 
inquiries.  Sir  Thomas  Pilkingtorit  Knt, 
Lord  Mayor  from  1688  or  9  to  1691  ; 
Alderman  of  Farringdon  ward  Without 
1680;  and  in  1688  elected  Alderman  of 
Vintry.  In  1683  fined  100,000/.  for 
libellous  words  spoken  against  the  Duke 
of  York ;  M.P.  for  London  from  1688  to 
1691  ;  Citizen  and  Skinner;  died  Dec.  1, 
1691 ;  letters  of  administration  granted  to 
his  effects  Jan.  1692  (Kent).  His  son, 
Capt.  Pilkington,  formerly  of  the  parish 
of  St.  Martin,  Ludgate,  died  March  1741, 
and  is  stated  to  have  been  buried  at 
Greenwich,  but  thb  register  of  his  burial 
cannot  be  found  at  that  place.— ^S'tV  Owen 
Buckingham^  Knt,  Lord  Mayor  1704; 
Alderman  of  Bishopsgate  ward ;  Citizen 
and  Salter ;  died  24th  March,  1713  ;  will 
dated  30th  January,  1712,  and  proved  on 
the  17th  April,  1713  ;  M.P.  for  Reading. 
Will  refers  to  bis  premises  and  household 
furniture  at  Reading,  which  his  widow 
was  to  continue  in  the  occupation  of  for 
12  months  after  his  decease.  His  son, 
Owen  Buckingham,  esq.  was  also  M.P. 
for  Reading  in  1717,  and  was  killed  in  a 
duel  on  the  lOth  March,  1720.  Will  of 
Lady  Frances  Buckingham,  relict  of  the 
alderman,  proved  March  1719-20. — Sir 
Thomas  Rawlinson,  Knt,  Lord  Mayor 
1753  ;  Alderman  of  Broad  Street  ward  ; 
Citizen  and  Grocer;  died  at  his  residence 
in  Fenchurch  Street,  3  Dec.  1769;  will 
dated  3rd  Aug.  1769,  and  proved  on  the 
18th  Dec.  following.  Sir  George  Womb- 
well,  Bait,  married  Susannah,  his  only 
daughter,  and  died  on  the  2nd  Nov.  1 780. 
The  father  of  the  alderman  was  buried  at 
St.  Dionis  Back-church,  Fenchurch 
Street,  and  the  remains  of  his  son,  Walter 
Rawlinson,  were  interred  at  Stowlangtoft, 
Suffolk,  but  Sir  Thomas  Rawlinson  (the 
above)  does  not  appear  to  have  been  buried 
at  either  of  those  places. 

Vol  XX.  p.  153,  col.  a,  1,  32,  before  ac- 
knowledgment insert  this. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

•      SBPI^MBER,  1843. 
By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 

'•■■■;.  :'.cbNTENts..:  p^oe 

Minor  ConiiE^PONbENQE.l-Romaii  Spur  ?— Rev.  G.  Jekyll — Athenseus — Bp. 
Rainbowi-Biirikl-plsicesof  Sir  T.  FilkiAgton,  Sir  O.  Buckingham,  and  Sir 
T.  Rawliiisbn/  liord  Mayors  of  London  .^ 226 

Walpole*s  LIbtters to. Sir'Ho&ace  Mann.. .....•• •••.. ..     227 

History  of  SyOn  Monastery  at  Isl6W^oi?th  and  Lisbon  {^with  a  Plate) ".  . ,     247 

Memoir  OF  Major-Gen.    Thomas    Dundas,    and   the   Expedition  to 

GuADA LOUPE  "in  1794    ...;.,.'.....,; 249 

D'Aubign^'s  History  of  the  Reformation-|— llie  Reformers  and  the  Mass — Oliver 

Cromwell — The  Bible  and  the  Refortnation — ^Romanism  and  Catholicism  • .     256 

Particulars  relative  to  the  Earldom  of  Caithness • 260 

Early  Edition  of  :the  Pilgrim*8  Progress,  with  Explanatory  Yeirses  under  tl^e 

Pictures  ...:............ 261 

The  Welsh  ^he  origin  of  the.  Irish  Language — The  German  infused  into  the  Irish 

Language  ..  ii ,, .... ......  ,.',\  .•...'...•,......• ••..••••••     265 

Letter  of  Ben  Jonson-to'  the  Queisn  of  James^  I.'  . « I . .  •  •  • • 268 

Retrospective  Review. — A  Satire  upon  Wolsey  and  the  Romish  Clergy.    By 

Wm.  Roy  .........,..,....;..,...;..,........ 269 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS.  . 

Theyer  Smith's  Hulsean  Lectures,  273 ;' Faber's  Styrian  Lake,  and  other 
poems,  275  ;  Taylor's  Edwin  the  Fair,  an  Historical  Drama,  277 ;  Priaulx*s 
Qusestiones  Mosaics,  278 ;  ■  Evans's  Bishopric  of  Souk^  279 :  Correspondence 
of  Jane  Lady  Coniwallis,  280  ;  Classical  Museum,  282  ;  Davies's  View  of 
Cheltenham,  286  ;-'Miickenzie's  Crosby  Pllice,  London,  ib, ;  Tupper's  Pro- 
verbial Philosophy ;  and  Reeve  and  Taylor*s  Trauslations  from  the  German 
Prose  and  Verse  -..'....;...•  ^ •••••••• 287 

FINE  ARTS.— Architectural  Drawings  at  the  Royal  Academy,  288  ;  New  Pic- 
tures at  Bierlin  ....'.. ; '. ...;.. 290 

LITERARY    AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE.— 

New  Publications,  291  ;  University  of  London,  295  ;  Dinner  and  Presentation 

of  a  Medal  to  Sir  Benjamin  Brodie,  id. ;  Marlborough  Correspondence,  ib, ; 

Proceedings  of  Paris  Academy  of  Sciences,  ib, ;  the  Isthmus  of  Panama  . .     296 

ARCHITECTURE.—Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects,  296  ;  Old  London 
Wall,  298;  New  Churches,  id. ;  Churches  Repaired,  &c.  301  ;  Church  Ex- 
tension, ib, ;  Cologne  Cathedral ••.... • •  ••     303 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— Old  Pavement  at  Ely,  303 ;  Vault  at 
Windsor  Castle,  ib. ;  Skeletons  at  CheUea,  ib:;  Encaustic  Tiles  at  Canter- 
bury, 304;  Archseological  Society  at  Athens,  ib,;  France  ;  Egyptian  Anti- 
quities ;  Chinese  Antiquities ..;..... • 30^ 

HISTORICAL    CHRONICLE.— Proceedings    in  ParUament,  305;  Foreign 

News,  307 ;  Domestic  Occurrences • •  •  •     308 

Promotions  and  Preferments,  310 ;  Births  and  Marriages 311 

OBITUARY  ;  with  Memoirs  of  Earl  Cathcart ;  Louisa  Countess  of  Mansfield ; 
Chief  Justice  Bushe ;  Gen.  Sir  T.  Hislop,  G.C.B. ;  Major-Gen.  C.  S. 
Fagan ;  Major-Gen.  O'Malley,  C.B. ;  Rev.  Thomas  Knox,  D.D. ;  Rev. 
Samuel  Forster ;  Rev.  G.  Adam  Browne ;  John  Basset,  esq. ;  Dr.  Hahne- 
mann; Mr.  Washington  Allston ;  Mr.  Abbott;  Mr.  Elton;  James 
Winston,  esq. ;  Mr.  W.  T.  Lowndes 314— <J26 

Clergy  Deceased .«....« ••• •••••  326 

Deaths,  arranged  in  Counties •••...• •  • •••...•  ••••••••••  327 

Registrar-GeneraPs  Returns  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis— Marketa— Prices 

of  Shares,  335  ;  Meteorological  Diary — Stocks  • ••••••.• 336 

Embellished  with  Views  of  Syon  Monastery  at  Lisbon  ;  an4  of  Caobbt  FIiACE» 

London. 


228  WalpoWs  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann.  [Sept. 

deep  melanclioly,  ia  strong  contrast  to  tbeir  lighter  and  livelier  tone- 
They  have,  as  might  be  expected,  a  more  collegiate  or  scholastic  expres- 
sion, as  if  they  were  shaded  by  the  gloom  and  silence  of  the  academic 
cloister.     Both  writers  are  indebted  to  Mad,  de  Sevign^,  who  was  in  some 
degree  their  model :  neither  ot  ttiem  pernaps  equallea  ner  in  the  inimitable 
grace  and  simplicity  of  her  manner  3  but  both  had  the  advantage  in  the 
greater  variety  of  their  subject  matter ;    for,  after  all  allowances  that  we 
are  so  willing  to  make.  Mad.  de  Sevign^'s  extreme  maternal  solicitude  gives 
to  her  long  correspondence  too  monocromatic  an  air,  in  spite  of  the  match- 
less felicity  of  her  expression,  and  the  various  fascinating  lights  in  which 
the  same  subject  is  represented.     It  is  curious  that  with  this  one  exception 
(for  we  do  not  think  it  necessary  to  include  Mad.  de  Maintenon)   the 
French  have,  contrary  to  our  expectations,  and  apparently  contrary  to 
the  bent  of  their  genius,  little  to  boast  of  in  the  department  of  letter 
writing  j   which  we  may  perhaps  account  for  in  this  way,  that  in  the  days 
of  Louis  XIV.  the  women  were  not  sufficiently  educated  to  write  well,  and 
in  the  time  of  Louis  XVI.  they  were  filled  with  deeper  thoughts,  and  em- 
ployed in  graver  occupations.     We,  on  the  contrary,  possess  several  vo- 
lumes, all  pleasing  and  interesting,  of  epistolary  correspondence  by  females 
of  high  rank  and  education.     To  the  well-known  volume  of  Lady  W.  Mon- 
tague,* we  add  those  of  Lady  Russell,  Lady  Harvey,  Lady  Suffolk,  and 
Lady  Luxborough.f     The  French  have  found  a  due  exercise  of  their  talent 
in  their  Memoirs,  which  are  of  first-rate  excellence,  and  with  which  we 
have  nothing  to  compare.     As  regards  the  claims  of  Walpole  to  public 
attention,  though  we  believe  that  time  is  a  most  correct  judge  and  esti- 
mator of  all  ability,  and  therefore  pay  little  attention  to  the  complaint  of 
neglected  merit  and  overlooked  deserts,  yet  we  think  that  the  writer  of 
the  present  letters  is  scarcely  at  sufficient  distance  from  us  to  be  viewed 
with  that  impartiality  which  is  necessary  to  fix  and  determine  the  exact 
value  of  his  works.     The  age  which  has  succeeded  his,  has  been  of  a  dif- 
ferent character,  cast  in  another  mould,  and  his  views  of  society  are  as  a 
thing  passed  away,  or  seen  only  at  a  distance,  as  in  a  picture  or  description. 
His  ladies  and  gentlemen,  with  their  hoops  and  their  powder,  their  high- 
heeled  shoes,  their  bags  and  solitaires,  seem  like  things  framed  and  glazed, 
rather  than  living  persons.     When  the  age  of  philosophers  arose,  there 
was  no  longer  sympathy  with  virtuosos,  wits,  collectors,  and  antiquaries  5 
Selwyn's  bon  mots  and  Walpole*s  stained  glass  were  both  at  a  discount.     In 
his  time  factious  politicians  and  rival  demagogues  were  squabbling  for  place 
and  pension  and  power  ;  in  the  age  after,  nations  and  empires  were  strug- 
gling for  victory  and  gasping  for  existence.     No  one  in  Walpole's  time 
thought  or  cared  what  the  people  thought,  and  nobody  now  seems  to  care 
or  think  of  anything  else  j  our  situation,  our  taste,  our  literature,  our  temper, 
and  our  disposition  have  all  been  changed  since  Walpole's  days  >  we  have 
been  more  serious,  more  thoughtful,  more  philosophical,  and  more  busy. 

At  the  sale  of  Strawberry  Hill,  the  lock  dissevered  from  the  beauteous 
tresses  of  Mad.  Maintenon,  and  placed  among  Walpole's  choicest  hoards, 
scarcely  found  a  purchaser  5  and  who  cared  about  the  portrait  of  the  once 
lovely  octogenarian — the  ever-blooming  Ninon  de  TEnclos  ? 

•  •  •*  Lady  M.  W.  Montague, — the  best  letter-writer  of  this  or  any  other  country.'* 
V,  Don  Espriella*s  Letters,  vol.  2,  p.  337. 

f  Lady  Luxborough  is  probably  the  least-known  name  to  our  readers  on  the  list ;  yet 
she  was  half-sister  to  the  great  Lord  Bolingbroke,  and  the  friend  and  correspondent  of 
Shenstone.  We  purpose  shortly  to  give  some  account  of  her  and  her  letters  in  the 
Magaiine,  for  which  we  possess  a  few  unpublished  materials. 


1843.]  Walpoles  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann.  229 

III  addition^  Walpole  was,  both  in  and  out  of  the  House,  a  strong  party- 
man.  He  was  the  son  of  a  Prime  Minister,  whose  rule  was  more  beneficial 
to  the  interests  of  his  country  than  that  of  any  who  have  succeeded  him 
to  the  present  day,  and  he  never  suppressed,  even  in  the  midst  of  his  op- 
ponents, his  high  opinion  of  his  father's  merits,  and  his  filial  partiality  to 
his  memory.  He  says  himself  more  than  once,  that  he  liked  political  strife 
and  party  skirmishes,  and  that  he  had  the  spirit  of  faction  within  him. 
How  decided  were  his  feelings  on  some  subjects  may  be  seen  in  his  writings  ; 
he  hated  all  the  family  of  the  Hardwickes  because  they  were  opposed  to 
his  father  ;  and  he  never  mentions  Akenside  without  a  sneer  of  contempt, 
which  may  be  traced  to  the  poet's  high  eulogy  of  Pulteney,  the  great  an- 
tagonist of  Sir  Robert  Walpole.  To  some  persons  also  there  appeared 
an  affectation  in  Walpole\s  manners  and  mode  of  life,  which  passed  beyond 
the  bounds  of  what  is  called  refinement  and  high  breeding,  and  which 
exposed  him  to  the  charge  of  foppery  and  pride  of  rank,  and  effeminate 
conceit.  He  dressed  and  behaved  in  the  extreme  of  French  manners 
then  fashionable ;  entered  a  drawing-room  on  tiptoes,  with  his  small 
chapeau  de  bras  under  his  arm,  and  saluted  his  friend  according  to  the 
foreign  custom  on  both  cheeks.^  These  singularities,  though  with  him 
they  were  things  only  on  the  surface,  were  not  well  fitted  to  beget  popu- 
larity. His  researches  in  literature  and  art  were  rather  adapted  to  the 
curiosity  of  the  few ;  they  were  among  the  best  of  their  class,  but  that  class 
was  not  to  the  public  taste.  One  of  his  works,  as  that  on  Richard  the 
Third,  was  considered  to  be  a  paradoxical  essay,  chiefly  designed  to  show  the 
ingenuity  or  research  of  the  writer,  though  it  is  in  fact  a  work  of  much  merit. 
The  Castle  of  Otranto  was  an  invention  built  in  that  wild  and  fanciful 
district  which  lies  on  the  very  edge  and  limits  of  rational  fiction.  His 
verses  are  scarcely  above  mediocrity,  and  in  the  same  line  much  inferior  to 
those  of  Lord  Chesterfield  and  others.  His  works  on  Engravers  and 
Painters,  and  on  Royal  and  Noble  Authors,  are  books  limited  to  the  cu- 
riosity of  the  few.  Thus,  neither  by  his  personal  character  nor  by  his 
writings  was  he  likely  to  become  a  favourite  of  the  public,  or  indeed  much 
known  to  them  5  and,  after  all,  we  are  not  unwilling  to  admit,  that  Wal- 
pole's  knowledge  of  art  was  not  so  accurate  and  extensive  as  might  have 
been  expected  from  one  who  had  apparently  devoted  so  much  time  and 
research  to  it,  who  had  formed  such  large  collections,  and  established  so 
high  a  character.  His  favourite  house  is  but  the  original  toy-shop  en- 
larged— a  frail  memorial  of  imperfect  and  unripened  knowledge,  though  it 
seems  to  have  been  erected  and  approved  by  "  a  standing  Committee  of 
Taste,"t  who  may  be  seen  at  their  labours  in  the  picture  of  Sir  Joshua 
Reynolds. 

His  noble  visitors  from  France,  who  had  been  used  to  the  massive 
and  lordly  castles  of  their  own  country,  each  one  of  which  emptied  a 
quarry,  notwithstanding  their  natural  politeness,  used  to  laugh  in  their 
sleeves  at  the  plastered  walls  of  Strawberry.  Nor  was  his  celebrated  col- 
lection^ as  it  appeared  at  his  sale, 

*  Gray  describes  H.  Walpole  as  having  saluted  him  in  this  manner,  when  they  met 
after  their  quarrel.  The  late  Earl  of  Jersey,  a  person  of  high  breeding  and  of  the 
vieille  cour,  was  the  last  man  of  rank  whom  we  remember  to  have  preserved  this 
fashion,  still  existing  everywhere  on  the  Continent.  How  curious  and  apparently  ca- 
pricious are  fashions !  who  would  have  thought  that  the  English  sailor,  the  rough 
storm-beaten  tar,  should  be  the  only  one  of  his  countrymen  who  has  his  hair  curled 
into  female  ringlets,  and  who  wears  earrings  t ! 

f  Mr,  Walpole,  Mr.  Chute,  And  M^t  Rt  l^jWams. 


230 


Walpoles  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann, 

—  Delicias  quoque  vitse  fanditus  omnes, 
Carmina,  picturas,  ac  dsedala  signa — 


[Sept. 


such  as  came  up  to  the  high  expectations  of  the  public  :  his  large  collec- 
tions of  prints  were  of  various  quality^  and  a  great  part  consisted  of  injured  or 
indifferent  specimens.  His  books  were,  with  few  exceptions,  of  little  value 
or  rarity.  The  famous  Eagle,  the  gem  of  his  collection  and  the  pride  of  his 
gallery,  to  which  he  introduced  every  eager  visitor,  fetched  a  comparatively 
small  sum,  and  is  now  at  Holkham.  His  silver  bell  could  not  find  a  pur- 
chaser.* The  history  of  the  finest  missal  has  been  disproved  j  and  he  was 
in  error  with  regard  to  the  subjects  and  eeras  of  some  of  his  old  historical 
pictures.  Yet,  with  all  these  drawbacks,  there  was  much  that  was  both 
curious  and  beautiful  in  art  that  emerged  to  view  from  the  recesses  of  his 
costly  cabinets ;  his  miniatures  were  of  first-rate  excellence,  and  many  of 
his  portraits  original  and  fine.  It  could  not  be  said  of  Walpole*s,  that,  like 
other  collections,  the  proprietor  could  not  estimate  nor  enjoy  them.  He  had 
distinct  purposes  in  view  for  what  he  purchased  and  preserved  5  he  examined 
and  studied  the  materials  he  collected,  which  were  intended  to  illustrate  the 
history  of  art.  His  days  were  employed  in  elegant  and  instructive  re- 
searches into  antiquity  5  and  surely  there  are  but  few  noblemen  in  England, 
either  living  at  his  time  or  since,  who,  retired  from  public  life,  and  having 
bid  farewell  to  the  senate  or  the  forum,  will  leave  behind  them  more  ho- 
nourable marks  of  their  industry  and  zeal  and  knowledge  ;  and  we  may 
add  in  conclusion,  that  few  men  have  had  the  gratification  of  having  their 
portraits  drawn  by  more  discriminating  hands,  or  in  brighter  colours  3  for 
Conyers  Middleton  eulogised  his  talents  while  he  was  living,  and  JiOrd 
Byron  defended  his  memory  when  he  was  dead. 

We  shall  now  proceed  to  make  such  extracts  from  the  Letters  as  may 
be  of  interest  either  in  themselves,  or  may  derive  their  charm  and  attraction 
from  the  style  of  the  writer.  Where  can  we  better  commence  than  with 
the  auspicious  arrival  of  the  Princess  of  Mecklenburgh  in  the  metropolis, 
where  she  was  permitted  by  Providence  to  reign  for  more  than  half  a  cen- 
tury^ through  varied  changes  and  great  afflictions,  yet  in  a  long  course  of 
blameless  life  and  unsullied  reputation  ? 


"  When  we  least  expected  the  Queen 
she  came,  after  being  ten  days  at  sea,  but 
without  sickness  for  above  half  an  hour. 
She  was  gay  the  whole  voyage,  sung  to 
her  harpsichord,  and  left  the  door  of  her 
cabin  open.  They  made  the  coast  of 
Suffolk  last  Saturday,  and  on  Monday 
morning  she  landed  at  Harwich ;  so 
prosperously  has  his  Majesty's  chief  eu- 
nuch, as  they  have  made  the  Tripolind 
ambassador  call  Lord  Anson,  executed 
his  commission.  She  lay  that  night  at 
your  old  friend  Lord  Abercorn*s,  at 
Witham,  and,  if  she  judged  by  her  host, 
must  have  thought  she  was  coming  to 
reign  in  the  realm  of  Taciturnity.  She 
arrived  at  St.  James's  a  quarter  after 
three  on  Tuesday  the  8th.    When  she 


first  saw  the  palace,  she  turned  pale.  The 
Duchess  of  Hamilton  smiled,  *  My  dear 
Duchess,'  said  the  Princess,  *  you  may 
laugh,  you  have  been  married  twice  ;  but 
it  is  no  joke  to  me.'  Is  this  a  bad  proof 
of  her  sense  ?  On  the  journey  they 
wanted  her  to  curl  her  toupet,  *  No,  in- 
deed,* said  she,  *  I  think  it  looks  as  well 
as  those  of  the  ladies  who  have  been  sent 
for  me.  If  the  King  would  have  me  wear 
a  periwig,  I  will;  otherwise,  I  shall  let 
myself  sdone.'  The  Duke  of  York  gave 
her  his  hand  at  the  garden-gate  ;  her  lips 
trembled,  but  she  jumped  out  with  spirit 
In  the  garden  the  King  met  her.  She 
would  have  fallen  at  his  feet ;  he  prevented 
and  embraced  her,  and  led  her  into  the 
apartments,  where  she  was  received  by 


*  There  is  no  reason  to  suppose  that  this  bell  was  the  work  of  Cellini ;  it  is  not  so 
authenticated  by  history,  and  its  workmanship  is  not  more  than  common.  We  speak 
here  not  only  our  own  language,  but  that  of  artists,  with  whom  we  often  reviewed  it. 
Parts  of  the  **  Eagle  "  were  very  fine ;  but  much  was  restored.  Lord  Northwick  pur<i 
chased  most  of  the  marbles ;  we  obtained  a  beautiful  littlQ  bujSt  of  Anti&ous.    Xht 


1843.] 


WaJpok*8  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


231 


the  Princess  of  Wales  and  Lady  Augusta : 
these  three  princesses  only  dined  with  the 
King.  At  ten  the  procession  went  to 
chapeli  preceded  by  unmarried  daughters 
of  peers,  and  peeresses  in  plenty.  The 
new  Princess  was  led  by  the  Duke  of 
York  and  Prince  William ;  the  Arch- 
bishop married  them ;  the  King  talked  to 
her  the  whole  time  with  great  good  hu- 
mour,  and  the  Duke  of  Cumberland  gave 
her  away.  She  is  not  tall,  nor  a  beauty ; 
pale,  and  very  thin ;  but  looks  sensible, 
and  is  genteel.  Her  hair  is  darkish  and 
fine ;  her  forehead  low,  her  nose  very 
well,  except  the  nostrils  spreading  too 
wide  ;  her  mouth  has  the  same  fault,  but 
her  teeth  are  good.  She  talks  a  good  deal, 
and  French  tolerably ;  possesses  herself, 
is  frank,  but  with  great  respect  to  the 
King.  After  the  ceremony,  the  whole 
company  came  into  the  drawing-room  for 
about  ten  minutes,  but  nobody  was  pre- 
sented that  night.  The  Queen  was  in 
white  and  silver;  an  endless  mantle  of 
violet-coloured  velvet,  lined  with  ermine, 
and  attempted  to  be  fastened  on  her 
shoulder  by  a  bunch  of  large  pearls, 
dragged  itself  and  almost  the  rest  of  her 
clothes  half-way  down  her  waist.  On 
her  head  was  a  beautiful  little  tiara  of 
diamonds;    a  diamond  necklace,   and  a 

When  he  mentions  the  coronation^  Walpole  does  not  overlook  the  op- 
portunity of  observing  on  the  increased  extravagance  of  society,  and  the 
consequent  advance  of  prices. 


stomacher  of  diamonds,  worth  three  score 
thousand  pounds,  which  she  is  to  wear  at 
the  coronation  too.  Her  train  was  borne 
by  the  ten  bridemaids.  Lady  Sarah  Len- 
nox, Lady  Caroline  Russell,  Lady  Caro- 
line Montagu,  Lady  Harriot  Bentinck, 
Lady  Anne  Hamilton,  Lady  Essex  Kerr, 
daughters  of  Dukes  of  Richmond,  Bed- 
ford, Manchester,  Portland,  Hamilton, 
and  Roxburgh;  and  four  daughters  of 
the  Earls  of  Albemarle,  Brook,  Har- 
court,  and  Ilchester,  Lady  Elizabeth 
Keppell,  Louisa  Greville,  Elizabeth  Har- 
court,  and  Susan  Fox  Strangways  ;  their 
heads  crowned  with  diamonds;  and  in 
robes  of  white  and  silver.  Lady  Caroline 
Russell  is  extremely  handsome;  Lady 
Elizabeth  Keppell  very  pretty ;  but,  with 
neither  features  nor  air,  nothing  ever 
looked  so  charming  as  Lady  Sarah  Len- 
nox ;  she  has  all  the  glow  of  beauty  pecu- 
liar to  her  family.  As  supper  was  not 
ready,  the  Queen  sat  down,  sung,  and 
played  on  the  harpsichord  to  the  royal 
family,  who  all  supped  with  her  in  pri- 
vate. They  talked  of  the  dififerent  Ger- 
man dialects ;  the  King  asked  if  the  Ha- 
noverian was  not  pure — *  Oh,  no,  Sir, 
said  the  Queen  ;  it  is  the  worst  of  all.'— 
She  will  not  be  unpopular.'' 


time  for  two  thousand  four  hundred 
pounds.  Still  more  was  given  for  the 
inside  of  the  Abbey.  The  prebends  would 
like  a  coronation  every  year.  The  King 
paid  nine  thousand  pounds  for  the  hire  of 
jewels ;  indeed,  last  time,  it  cost  my 
father  fourteen  hundred  to  he-jewel  my 
Lady  Orford.  A  single  shop  now  sold 
six  hundred  pounds  sterling  worth  of 
nails, — but  nails  are  risen — so  is  every 
thing,  and  every  thing  adulterated,"  &c. 


''  On  this  occasion  one  saw  to  how 
high-water-mark  extravagance  is  risen 
in  England.  At  the  coronation  of  George 
the  Second,  my  mother  gave  forty  gui- 
neas for  a  dining-room,  scaffold,  and  bed- 
chamber. An  exactly  parallel  apartment, 
only  with  rather  a  worse  view,  was  this 
time  set  at  three  hundred  and  fifty 
guineas — a  tolerable  rise  in  thirty- three 
years.  The  platform  from  St.  Margaret's 
roundhouse  to  the  church-door,  which 
formerly  let  for  forty  pounds,  went  this 

We  have  mentioned  that  no  inaccurate  view  of  the  state  of  political 
affairs,  and  of  party-changes^  during  the  early  years  of  the  reign  of  George 
the  J'hird^  may  be  found  in  these  letters ;  indeed  we  do  not  know  any 
history  that  gives  us  a  better :  and  as  the  chief  interest  of  the  times  arises 
from  the  character  of  the  actors,  and  not  from  the  events  ;  as  the  whole 
conflict  was  a  struggle  for  place,  and  power^  and  pension  3  as  one  courtier 
was  ascending  the  back-stairs  while  another  was  going  down  the  front ; 
and  as  the  interests  of  the  nation  were  scarcely  affected  by  the  changes, 
we  think  Walpole,  who  was  acquainted  with  most  of  the  performers  of  the 
day  at  the  theatre  of  St,  James,  has  given  us  a  more  graphic  portrait  of 
them^  than  the  subsequent  historians  writing  at  a  greater  distance  from 
the  events.  The  facts  were  shortly  these  :  the  administration  of  William 
Pitt  (afterwards  Lord  Chatham)  had  been  crowned  with  victory  abroad^ 
and  secured  by  unanimity  at  home.    France  and  Spain  were  <<  trampled 


232 


Walpole's  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


ISept. 


in  the  dust.**  Protestant  Germany  was  saved.  America  was  as  yet  dissevered 
from  the  British  Crown,  and  the  foundation  of  our  great  empire  was  laid 
on  the  distant  banks  of  the  Ganges.  *'  Then,"  as  a  philosophic  historian  has 
observed,*  "  parties  awoke  again,  one  hardly  knows  how  or  why,  and 
their  struggle  during  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  George  the  Third  was 
of  such  a  character,  that,  after  studying  it  attentively,  we  turn  from  it,  as 
a  portion  of  history  equally  anomalous  and  disagreeable.**  The  most  pro- 
minent names  in  this  very  degraded  state  of  English  party  were  Wilkes 
and  Junius.  The  King  was  supposed  to  be  disinclined  to  the  principles 
of  the  Revolution.  The  popular  and  successful  minister,  Mr.  Pitt,  had  re- 
signed— Lord  Bute,  the  King's  personal  favourite,  as  was  supposed,  was 
said  to  be  attached  to  the  anti-popular  party.  Here  then  was  the  hot-bed 
of  mischief  formed,  out  of  which  arose  the  factious  and  unprincipled 
leaders  of  the  people — from  this  came  the  North-Briton  and  the  Letters 
of  Junius, — the  disputed  election  of  Wilkes — and  after  that  followed  the 
much  greater  event,  the  contest  with  America.  It  is  to  the  particulars 
involved  in  these  events  that  the  Letters  of  Walpole  refer. 
Of  Mr.  Pitt  we  find  him  speaking  in  the  following  manner : 


"  A  week  afterwards  the  King, 
Queen,  and  royal  family  dined  with  the 
Lord  Mayor ;  but  a  young  King  and  a 
new  Queen  were  by  no  means  the  princi- 
pal objects  of  attention.  A  chariot  and 
pair  containing  Mr.  Pitt  and  Lord  Tem- 
ple, formed  the  chief  part  of  the  triumph. 
The  reception,  acclamation,  and  distinc- 
tion paid  to  Mr.  Pitt  through  the  streets, 
and  the  observance  of  him  in  Guildhall, 
were  equal  to  any  thing  you  can  imagine. 
You  wUl  call  his  appearance  there  arro- 
gant,— I  do  not  think  it  was  very  well- 
bred.  Since  that — for  pensions  stop  the 
mouths  only  of  courtiers,  not  of  the  vir- 
tuous— he  has  harangued  in  the  House 
with  exceeding  applause ; — it  was  fine, 
guarded,  artful  —  very  inflammatory. 
Don't  think  I  am  paying  court  by  cen- 
suring a  late  minister.  He  is  too  near 
being  minister  again  for  mine  to  be  inte- 
rested conduct.  It  never  was  my  turn, 
nor  do  the  examples  I  see  make  me  more 


in  love  with  the  practice.  Nor  think  me 
changed  lightly  about  Mr.  Pitt — nobody 
admired  him  more — you  saw  it.  When 
he  preferred  haughtiness  to  humanity, 
glory  to  peaceful  glory, — when  his  dis- 
interestedness could  not  resist  a  pension, 
nor  a  pension  make  him  grateful, — he 
changed,  not  I.  When  he  courts  a  mob, 
I  certainly  change ;  and  whoever  does 
court  the  mob,  whether  an  orator  or  a 
mountebank,  whether  Mr.  Pitt  or  Dr. 
Rock,  are  equally  contemptible  in  my 
eyes.  Could  I  now  decide  by  a  wish,  he 
should  have  remained  in  place,  or  have 
been  ruined  by  his  pension.t  When  he 
would  not  do  all  the  good  in  his  power, 
I  would  leave  him  no  power  to  do  harm, 
— would  that  were  always  the  case  I 
Alas !  I  am  a  speculatist  and  he  is  a 
statesman ;  but  I  have  that  advantage  or 
disadvantage  over  others  of  my  profes- 
sion, I  have  seen  too  much  to  flatter 
myself  with  visions.' ' 


He  goes  on  with  the  same  subject  in  a  subsequent  letter. 


'^  Parliament  is  adjourned  to  the  nine- 
teenth of  January.  My  gallery  advances, 
and  I  push  on  the  works  there,  for  pic- 
tures, and  baubles,  and  buildings  look  to 
me  as  if  I  realized  something.  I  had 
rather  have  a  bronze  than  a  thousand 
pounds  in  the  Stocks ;  for  if  Ireland  or 
Jamaica  are  invaded,  I  shall  still  have  my 
bronze :  I  would  not  answer  so  much  for 
the  funds,  nor  will  I  buy  into  the  new 
loan  of  glory.    If  the  Romans  or  the 


Greeks  were  beat,  they  were  beat :  they 
repaired  their  walls  and  did  as  well  as  they 
could ;  but  they  did  not  lose  every  ses- 
terce, every  talent  they  had,  by  the  de- 
feat aflecting  their  Change-Mley,  Crassus, 
the  richest  man  on  t'  other  side  their 
Temple  Bar^  lost  his  army  and  his  life, 
and  yet  their  East  India  bonds  did  not 
fall  an  obolus  under  par.  I  like  that  sys- 
tem better  tlian  ours.  If  people  would  be 
heroes,  they  only  suffered  themselves  by 


•  Lectures  on  Modern  History,  by  Thomas  Arnold,  D.D. 

t  See  Gray's  Letters,  ed.  Aid.  vol.  iv.  p.  83.     **  I  was  as  angry  as  a  common- 
council-man  of  London  about  my  Lord  Chatham,  but  a  little  more  ptitient,"  &c. 
1 


J  843.] 


Walpoles  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


233 


a  miscarriage  :  they  had  a  triumph,  or  a 
funeral  oration,  just  as  it  happened,  and 
private  folk  were  entertained  with  the  one 
or  the  other,  and  nobody  was  a  farthing 
the  richer  or  poorer ;  but  it  makes  a 
strange  confusion  now  that  brokers  are 


so  much  concerned  in  .the  events  of  war. 
How  Scipio  would  have  stared  if  he  had 
been  told  that  he  must  not  demolish  Car- 
thage, as  it  would  ruin  several  aldermen 
who  had  money  in  the  Punic  actions,"  ^c. 


Of  the  arrival  of  that  remarkable  character.  Lady  Mary  Wortley  Mon- 
tague, in  England^  after  a  very  long  absence  of  many  years,  Walpole  gives 
the  following  account. 


"  I  will  tell  you  who  is  come  too — Lady 
Mary  Wortley.  I  went  last  night  to 
visit  her ;  I  give  you  my  honour,  and 
you,  who  know  her,  would  credit  me 
without  it,  the  following  is  a  faithful  de- 
scription.— I  found  her  in  a  little  misera- 
ble bedchamber  of  a  ready  furnished 
house,  with  two  tallow  candles,  and  a 
bureau  covered  with  pots  and  pans.  On 
her  head,  in  full  of  all  accounts,  she  had 
an  old  black-laced  hood,  wrapped  entirely 
round,  so  as  to  conceal  all  hair,  or  want 
of  hair.  No  handkerchief,  but  up  to  her 
chin  a  kind  of  horseman's  riding- coat, 
calling  itself  a  pet-en-1'air,  made  of  a 
dark  green  (green  I  think  it  had  been) 
brocade,  with  coloured  and  silver  flowers, 
and  lined  with  fiirs  :  boddice  laced,  a  foul 
dimity  petticoat  sprig'd,  velvet  mufleteens 
on  her  arms,  grey  stockings,  and  slippers. 
Her  face  less  changed  in  twenty  years, 
than  I  could  have  imagined* :  I  told  her 


so,  and  she  was  not  so  tolerable  twenty 
years  ago,  that  she  needed  have  taken  it 
for  flattery,  but  she  did,  and  literally 
gave  me  a  box  on  the  ear.  She  is  very 
lively,  all  her  senses  perfect,  her  language 
as  imperfect  as  ever,  her  avarice  greater. 
She  entertained  me  at  first  with  nothing 
but  the  deamess  of  provisions  at  Helvoet. 
With  nothing  but  an  Italian,  a  French, 
and  a  Prussian,  all  men  servants,  and 
something  she  calls  an  old  secretary,  but 
whose  age  till  he  appears  will  be  doubt- 
ful ;  she  receives  all  the  world,  who  go  to 
homage  her  as  queen  mother yf  and  crams 
them  into  this  kennel.  The  Duchess  of 
Hamilton,  who  came  in  just  after  me^ 
was  so  astonished  and  diverted,  that  she 
could  not  speak  to  her  for  laughing.  She 
says  that  she  has  left  all  her  clothes  at 
Venice.  I  really  pity  Lady  Bute  ;  what 
will  be  the  progress  of  such  a  commence- 
m»nt?" 


This  foreboding  however  was  useless,  for  poor  Lady  Mary  closed  her 
eventful  and  singular  and  wayward  life  a  short  time  after. 

"  Lady  Mary  Wortley  is  dead,  as  I 
prepared  you  to  expect.  Except  some 
trifling  legacies,  she  has  given  every  thing 
to  Lady  Bute,  so  we  shall  never  know  the 
sum — perhaps  that  was  intended.  It  is 
given  out  for  inconsiderable,  beside  some 
rich  baubles,  &c.  ...  I  told  you  of  Lady 
Mary  Wortley's  death  and  will;  but  I 
did  not  then  know  that,  with  her  usual 
maternal  tenderness  and  usual  generosity, 
she  has  left  her  son — one  guinea. . . .  Lady 
Mary  has  left  twenty- one  large  volumes 
in  prose  and  verse,  in  manuscript ;  nine- 
teen are  fallen  to  Lady  Bute,  and  will  not 
see  the  light  in  haste.  The  other  two 
Lady  Mary  in  her  passage  gave  to  some- 
body in  Holland,  and  at  her  death  ex- 
pressed great  anxiety  to  have  them  pub- 


lished. Her  family  are  in  terrors,  lest 
they  should  be,  and  have  tried  to  get 
them :  hitherto  the  man  is  inflexible. 
Though  I  do  not  doubt  but  they  are  an 
olio  of  lies  and  scandal,  I  should  like 
to  see  them.  She  had  parts,  and  had 
seen  much ;  truth  is  often  at  bottom  of 
such  compositions,  and  places  itself  here 
and  there  without  the  intention  of  the 
mother.  I  dare  say,  in  general,  these 
works  are  like  Madame  del  Pozzo's  Me- 
moires.t  Lady  Mary  had  more  wit, 
and  something  more  delicacy  ;  their  man- 
ners and  morals  were  a  good  deal  more 
alike.  ...  I  find  I  have  told  you  an  enor- 
mous lie,  but  luckily  I  have  time  to  re- 
tract it.  Lady  Mary  has  left  nothing 
like  the  number  of  volumes  I  have  said. 


*  Horace  Walpole  possessed  a  very  pleasing  miniature  half-length  of  Lady  Maryy 
which  was  sold  at  his  sale  for  about  eighteen  pounds  :  Lady  Mary,  when  she  lived  at 
Twickenham,  inhabited  the  last  house  in  that  row,  which  lies  between  the  entrance 
gate  of  Marble  Hill  and  that  of  Sir  George  Pococke,  near  the  Orleans  Arms  Inn. 

i*  She  was  mother  of  Lady  Bute,  wife  of  the  Prime  Minister. 

X  An  Italian  lady  who  had  been  mistress  to  the  Regent  of  France,  and  who  wrote 
memoirs  of  her  own  life :  she  was  celebrated  for  her  wit  and  her. debaucheries.  Mr* 
Walpole  knew  her  at  Florence. 

Gbnt.  Mao.  Vol.  XX.  2  H 


SS4 


VPU^k^i  LeUers  to  iSIr  Horaee  Mam. 


[Sept. 


At  the  iattillttloft,  I  hmt  ClutflM  ieldom  do  beHete  at  repeat  what  he  gays 
tWoaheacI  tdd  fbme  were  fonr-^laet  — ^fbr  the  ftitare  I  will  think  of  these 
Tkwfdcy  he  toM  me    twenty-one.     I     twenty^onerolumes.*'* 

Wa  go  on  with  the  political  and  party  news. 


*'  My  letters  are  like  the  works  of 
y«tot ;  t  write  nothing  hnt  lu  Rivolu- 
Htmt  tPJi^M0rr§,  Indeed  the  present 
history  is  uke  some  former  I  have  sent 
you, — a  revolution  that  has  not  taken 
vlisiei  and  resembling  Lord  GranviUe's,* 
pegum  and  ended  in  three  days.  I  could 
luive  despatched  it  last  Tuesday,  with  re- 
gard to  Uie  termination  of  it,  but,  though 
I  heard  it  was  begun,  even  on  the  Satur- 
day whUe  it  was  beginning  my  curiosity 
did  not  carry  me  to  town,  till  Tuesday, 
when  I  found  it  all  addled.  StiU,  I  knew 
too  little  to  detail  it  to  you  ;  and,  even 
Aow,  I  can  tell  you  little  more  than  the 
outlines  and  general  report :  but  have  pa- 
tience ;  this  is  one  of  the  events  which  in 
this  country  will  produce  paper-war 
enough,  and) between  attacks  and  defences, 
^ne  comes  pretty  near  to  the  truth  of  the 
whole.  Last  Sunday  was  se*nnight  Lord 
ttgre^out  died  suddenly,  though  every 
hody  knew  he  would  die  suddenly;  he 
flea  no  exercise,  (and  could  not  be  kept 
Ikom  eating,)  without  which  prodigious 
bleedings  did  not  suffice.  A  day  or  two 
before  he  died,  he  said,  *  Well  I  have  but 
three  turtle  dinners  to  come,  and,  if  I 
MTtive  them,  I  shall  be  immortal.'  He 
vras  writing  as  my  lady  breakfasted,  com- 
plained of  a  violent  pain  in  his  head, 
asked  twice  if  he  did  not  look  very  parti- 
cularly, grew  speechless f  and  expired  thai 
etening.  He  has  left  eighteen  thousand 
pounds  a  year,  and  they  say  a  hundred 
and  seventy  thousand  pounds  in  money. 
I  hope  you  have  as  much  philosophy  as  I 
have,  or  you  will  lose  patience  at  these 
circumstances,  when  you  are  eager  to 
hear  the  revolution.  That  week  you  may 
be  sure  was  passed  by  the  public  in  asking 
who  was  to  be  Secretary  of  State  ?  It 
seemed  to  lie  between  your  old  friend, 
Lord  Sandwich,  and  Lord  Egmont.  Lord 
Shelbume,  a  young  aspirer  who  intends 
the  world  shall  hear  more  of  him,  et  qui 
postule  le  minisih'e,  was  in  the  mean 
time  one  of  the  candidates  to  succeed 
Lord  Egremont.  Somebody  said,  *  It 
ought  to  be  given  to  him,  as  you  marry 
boys  under  age,  and  then  send  them  to 
trarel  till  they  are  ripe.'  While  this 
vacancy  was  the  public's  only  object,  be- 


hold Mr.  Pitt,  in  his  chair,  with  two  ser- 
vants before  it,  goes  openly  at  nine 
o'clock  on  Saturday  morning  through  the 
Park  to  Buckingham  House.  You  rub 
your  eyes  :  so  did  the  mob,  and  thought 
they  did  not  see  clear.  Mr.  Pitt,  of  all 
men  alive,  except  Lord  Temple  and  Mr. 
Wilkes,  the  most  proscribed  there, — Mr. 
Pitt  to  Buckingham  House  I  Oui^  vM^ 
tabfement  /  What  I  to  ask  to  be  Secretary 
of  State  ?  By  no  means  :  sent  for ;  de- 
sired to  accept  the  administration.  Well, 
but  do  you  know  who  stared  more  than 
the  mob  or  you ;  the  ministers  did  ;  for 
it  seems  this  vras  the  act  and  deed 
of  Lord  Bute,  who,  though  he  had 
given  the  present  administration-  letters 
of  attorney  to  act  for  him,  has  thought 
better  of  it,  and  retained  the  sole  power 
himself ;  the  consequence  of  which  was, 
as  it  was  before,  that  he  grew  horridly 
frightened,'  and  advised  this  step,  which 
has  done  him  more  hurt  than  all  he  had 
done  before.  Mr.  Pitt  stayed  with  the 
King  three  hours ;  is  said  not  to  have 
demanded  more  than  might  well  be  ex- 
pected that  he  would  demand ;  and  had 
all  granted.  The  next  day,  Sunday,  the 
Opposition  were  much  pleased,  looking  on 
their  desires  as  obtained ;  the  ministers, 
as  much  displeased,  thinking  themselves 
betrayed  by  Lord  Bute.  On  Monday, 
Mr.  Pitt,  who  the  day  before  had  seen 
the  Duke  of  Newcastle  and  the  Lord 
Mayor  Beckford — the  one  or  the  other  of 
whom  is  supposed  to  have  advised  what 
follows, — went  again  to  the  King,  with 
a  large  increase  of  demands.  What  those 
were,  are  variously  stated;  nor  do  I 
pretend  to  tell  you  how  far  the  particulars 
are  exact.  The  general  purport  is,  though 
I  dare  say  not  to  the  extent  given  out, 
that  he  insisted  on  a  general  dismission 
of  all  who  had  voted  for  the  peace ;  and 
that  he  notified  his  intention  of  attacking 
the  peace  itself :  that  he  particularly  pro- 
scribed Lord  Holland,  Lord  Halifax, 
Lord  Sandwich,  Lord  Barrington,  and 
Lord  Shelbume ;  named  himself  and 
Charles  Townshend  for  Secretaries  of 
State,  Lord  Temple  for  the  Treasury, 
Pratt  for  Chancellor;  proposed  some 
place,  not  of  business,  for  the  Duke  of 


*  Lady  Mary  did  leave  seventeen  volumes  of  her  works  and  memoirs.  She  gave 
her  manuscripts  to  an  English  clergyman  in  Holland,  A:om  whom  her  daughter,  Lady 
Bute,  obtained  them, 

t  In  1746. 


1843.1 


Wdpde'i  Lefiets  to  Sir  Horace  Mttnn. 


1^ 


Newcastle,  forgbt  Mr.  Legge, — and  ^ 
sired  the  Duke  of  Cumberland  for  the 
head  of  the  army.    They  tell  you  that  the 
King  asked  him,  *  Mr.  Pitt,  if  it  is  right 
for  you  to  stand  by  your  friends,  why  is 
it  not  as  right  for  me  to  stand  by  mine  /' 
and  that  the  treaty   broke  off,   on  his 
Majesty's  refusing  to  give  up  his  friends. 
Broken  off  the  negotiation  certainly  is. 
Why  broken,  I  shall,  as  I  told  you  be- 
fore, wait  a  little  before  I  settle  my  be- 
lief.    The  ministers  were  sent  for  again ; 
Mr.  Pitt  and  Lord  Temple,  according  to 
the  modern  well-bred  usage,  were  at  the 
levee  yesterday,  had  each  their  drawing- 
room  question ;  and    there    ended   this 
interlude.     It  is   said.    Lord   Sandwich 
kisses  hands  to-morrow  for  Secretary  of 
State.     If  a  President  of  the  Council  is 
named  too,  I  shall  think  they  mean  to 
stand  it ;  if  not,  I  shall  conclude  a  door 
is  still  left  open  for  treating.       There 
was  a  little  episode,  previous  to  this  more 
dignified  drama,  which  was  on  the  point 
of  employing  the  attention  of  the  public, 
if  it  had  not  been  overlaid  by  the  revolu- 
tion in  question.   The  famous  Mr.  Wilkes 
was  challenged  at  Paris  by  one  Forbes, 
an  outlawed  Scot  in  the  French  service, 
who  could  not  digest  the  North  Britons, 
Wilkes  would  have  joked  it  off,  but  it 
would    not    do.     He    then    insisted   on 
seconds ;  Forbes  said,   '  duels  were  too 
dangerous  in  France  for  such  extensive 
proceedings.'     Wilkes  adhered  to  his  de- 
mand.    Forbes  pulled  him  by  the  nose, 
or,  as  Lord  Mark  Kerr  in  his  well-bred 
formality  said  to  a  gentleman,  '  Sir,  you 
are  to  suppose  I  have  thrown  this  glass  of 
wine  in  your  face.'    Wilkes  cried   out 
murder  1  the  lieutenant  de  police  was  sent 
for,  and  obliged  Forbes  to  promise  that 
he  would  proceed  no  farther.     Notwith- 
standing the  present  discussion,  you  may 
imagine    the  Scotch    will    not    let    this 
anecdote  be  still-bom.    It  is  cruel  on 
Lord  Talbot,  whom  Wilkes  ventured  to 
fight.      Other    comical    passages    have 
happened  to  us  at  Paris.     Their  King, 
you  know,  is  wondrous  shy  to  strangers, 
awkward  at  a  question,  or  too  familiar. 
For  instance,   when. the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond was  presented  to  him,   he   said, 
'  Mons.  le  Due  de  Cumberland  boude  le 
Roi,  n'est-oe  pas  ?'     The  Duke  was  con- 
founded.    The   King  persisted ;    'II    le 
Mt,    n'est-il    pas    vrai?'      The    Duke 
answered  very  properly,  *  Ses  ministres 
quelquefois.    Sire,   jamais   sa    Majesty.' 


This  did  not  stop  him  :  '  Etvous,  milord, 
quand  aurez-vous  le  cordon  bleu  ?'  Oeorge 
Selwyn,  who  stood  behind  the  Duke,  said 
softly,  *  Answer  that,  if  you  can,  my  lord/ 
To  Lord  Holland  the  King  said,  '  Vous 
avez  fait  bieu  du  bruit  dans  votre  pays, 
n'est-ce  pas  ?'    His  answer  was  pretty 
too  :  '  Sire,  je  fais  tout  mon  possible  pour 
le  faire  cesser  I'    Lord  Holland  was  better 
diverted  with  the  Duchesse  d'Alguillon. 
She  got  him  and  Lady  Holland  tickets  for 
one  of  the  best  boxes  to  see  the  fireworks 
on  the  Peace,  and  carried  them  in  her 
coach.      When     they    arrived,    he    had 
forgot  the  tickets ;  she  flew  into  a  rage, 
and,  sans  marchanderf    aibused  him    so 
grossly,  that  Lady  Holland  coloured,  and 
would  not  speak  to  her.     Not  content 
with  this,  when  her  footman  opened  the 
door  of  the  coach,  the  duchess,  before  all 
the  mob,   said  aloud,   '  C'est    une    des 
meiUeures  t^tes  de  PAngleterre,  et  voici 
la  b^tise   quil  a  fait  1'  and  repeated  it. 
He  laughed,  and  the  next  day  she  re* 
collected  herself,  and   made  an  excuse. 
Mrs.   Poyntz  is  au  comble  de  la  gloire 
at  Versailles ;  she    has    cured    Madame 
Victoire  of  the  stone  by  Mrs.  Stephens'^ 
medicine.    When  Mrs.  Poyntz  took  leav9 
of   them  for  Spa,  they  shut   the  door, 
and  the  whole  royal  family  kissed  her; 
for  the  king  is  so  fond  of  his  children, 
that  they  say  it  was  visible  every  day  in 
his   countenance  whether  his    daughter 
was  better  or  worse.    We  sent  you  Sir 
William  Stanhope*  and  my  lady,  a  fond 
couple ;  you  have  returned  them  to  ng 
very  different.    When  they  came  to  Black* 
heath,  he  got  out  of  the  chaise  to  go  to  his 
brother  Lord  Chesterfield's,  made  her  a 
low  bow,  and  said,  '  Madame,  I  hope  I 
shall  never  see  your  face  again.'     She  re- 
plied, '  Sir,  I  will  take  all  the  care  I  can 
that  you  never  shall.'   He  lays  no  gallan- 
try to  her  charge.     We  are  sendi^  javL 
another  couple,  the  famous  Garrick,  and 
his  once  famous  wife.    He  will  make  you 
laugh  as  a  mimic,  and,  as  he  knows  wa 
are  great  friends,  will  affect  great  partiality 
to  me  ;  but  be  a  little  upon  your  guard, 
remember  he  is  an  actor.    My  poor  aiecef 
has  declared  herself  not  breeding :  you  will 
be   charmed  with    the  delicacy  of    her 
manner  in  breaking  it  to  General  Walde- 
grave.     She  gave  him  her  lord's  seal  witii 
the  coronet.    You  will  be  more  charmed 
with    her.     On    Sunday  the  Bishop    of 
Exeter  and  I  were  talking  of  this  new* 
convulsion  in  politics — she  burst  out  in 


*  Brother  of  Lord  Chesterfield,  and  his  equal  in  wit.  We  possess  several  of  jjiis 
bon-mots  from  manuscript  authority,  which  are  excellent ;  he  was  esteemed  fi^y 
equal  to  hb  celebrated  brother  in  repartee. 

t  Lady  Waldegrave.  ' 


236 


Walpok*s  Leliers  to  Sir  Horace  Maum* 


fSept 


a  flood  of  tears,  reflecting  on  the  great 
rank  which  her  lord,  if  living,  would 
naturally  attain  on  this  occasion.  I  think 
I  have  nothing  more  to  tell  you,  hut  a 
bon-mot  of  my  lady  Townshend.  She  has 
taken  a  strange  little  villa  at  Paddington, 
near  Tyburn.  People  were  wondering  at 
her  choosing  such  a  situation,  and  asked 
her,  in  joke,  what  sort  of  a  neighbour- 
hood she  had  :  *  Oh,'  said  she,  '  one  that 
can  never  tire  me,  for  they  are  hanged 
every  week.* — Good  night.  This  would 
be  a  furious  long  letter,  if  it  was  not 
short  by  containing  a  whole  revolution. 

"  George  Selwyn,  of  whom  you  have 
heard  so  much,  but  don't  know,  is  re^ 


turned  from  Paris,  whither  he  went  with 
the  Duchess  of  Bedford.  He  says,  our 
passion  for  everything  French  is  nothing 
to  theirs,  for  everything  English.  There 
is  a  book  published,  called  the  Anglo- 
manie.  How  much  worse  they  under- 
stand us,  even  than  we  do  them,  you  will 
see  by  this  story.  The  old  Marechale  de 
Villars  gave  a  vast  dinner  to  the  Duchess 
of  Bedford.  In  the  middle  of  the  dessert, 
Madame  de  Villars  called  out,  *  Oh 
Lord  I  they  have  forgot !  yet  I  bespoke 
them,  and  I  am  sure  they  are  ready  ;  you 
English  love  hot  rolls — bring  the  rolls.' 
There  arrived  a  huge  dish  of  hot  rolls, 
and  a  sauce-boat  of  melted  butter." 


Of  Churchill,  that  unfortunate  child  of  genius^  who  much  mistook  his 
vocation  when  he  put  on  the  priest's  raiment^  and  who  worshipped  both 
Bacchus  and  Apollo  on  the  same  altar^  we  have  the  following  account. 


"  Churchill  the  poet  is  dead,* — to  the 
great  joy  of  the  ministry  and  the  Scotch, 
and  to  the  grief  of  very  few  indeed,  I  be- 
lieve; for  such  a  friend  is  not  only  a 
dangerous,  but  a  ticklish  possession.  The 
next  revolution  would  have  introduced  the 
other  half  of  England  into  his  satires,  for 
no  party  could  have  promoted  him,  and 
woe  had  betided  those  who  had  left  him 
to  shift  for  himself  on  Parnassus  I  He  had 
owned  that  his  pen  itched  to  attack  Mr. 
Pitt  and  Charles  Townshend,  and  neither 
of  them  are  men  to  have  escaped  by  their 
steadiness  and  uniformity.  This  meteor 
blazed  scarce  four  years  ;  for  his  Rosciad 
was  subsequent  to  the  accession  of  the 
present  King,  before  which  his  name  was 
never  heard  of;  and,  what  is  as  remark- 
able, he  died  in  nine  days  after  his  an- 
tagonist, Hogarth,  Were  I  Charon,  I 
should  without  scruple  give  the  best  place 
in  my  boat  to  the  latter,  who  was  an 
original  genius.  Churchill  had  great 
powers  ;  but,  besides  the  facility  of 
outrageous  satire,  almost  all  his  compo- 
sitions were  wild  and  extravagant,  ex- 
ecuted on  no  plan,  and  void  of  the  least 
correction.     Many  of  his  characters  were 

The  following  letters  are  of  a  miscellaneous  nature,  containing  some 
accounts  of  himself  or  friends,  and  may  be  selected  as  examples  of  Wal- 
pole's  style  of  narration,  and  of  the  power  which  by  a  lucid  and  lively  manner 
he  has  of  embelHshing  trifles^  and  throwing  interest  into  common  subjects. 


obscure  even  to  the  present  age ;  and  some 
of  the  most  known  were  so  unknown  to 
him,  that  he  has  missed  all  resemblance, 
of  which  Lord  Sandwich  is  a  striking 
instance.  He  died  of  a  drunken  debauch 
at  Calais,  on  a  visit  to  his  friend  Wilkes, 
who  is  going  to  write  notes  to  his  works. 
But  he  had  lived  long  enough  for  himself, 
at  least  for  his  reputation  and  his  want  of 
it,  for  his  works  began  to  decrease  con- 
siderably in  vent.  He  has  left  some 
sermons,  for  he  wrote  even  sermons ; 
but  lest  they  should  do  any  good,  and  for 
fear  they  should  not  do  some  hurt,  he  had 
prepared  a  dedication  of  them  to  Bishop 
Warburton,t  whose  arrogance  and  venom 
had  found  a  proper  corrector  in  Church- 
ill.  I  don't  know  whether  this  man's 
fame  had  extended  to  Florence ;  but  you 
may  judge  of  the  noise  he  made  in  this 
part  of  the  world  by  the  following  trait, 
which  is  a  pretty  instance  of  that  good 
breeding  on  which  the  French  pique  them- 
selves. My  sister  and  Mr.  Churchill  are 
in  France  ;  a  Frenchman  asked  him  if  he 
was  Churchill  lefameuxpoete  ?  *  Non' — 
'  Ma  foi,  monsieur,  tant  pis  pour  vous  !" 


"  Of  myself  I  can  give  you  but  a  melan- 
choly account.  For  these  five  or  six  weeks 
I  have  been  extremely  out  of  order,  with 
pains  in  my  stomach  and  limbs,  and  a 


lassitude  that  wore  me  out.  They  tell  me 
it  is  the  gout  flying  about  me.  If  there 
is  any  difference,  but  I  hate  haggling 
about  obscurities,  I  should  rather  think 


*  Churchill  died  of  a  fever,  Nov.  4,  1764,  aged  only  thirty-three. 
+  This  dedication, — a  bitter  but  gross  satire, — will  be  found  prefixed  to  the  volume 
of  Churchiirs  Sermons. 


1843.1 


Wdlpole's  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


237 


it  the  rheumatism.  However,  I  am  to  go 
to  ask  the  Bath-waters  what  it  is,  and 
where  they  would  please  to  have  it  settle. 
What  a£9icts  me  most  is,  that  I  am  per- 
suaded that  this  place  is  too  damp  for  me. 
I  revive  after  being  in  London  an  hour, 
like  a  member  of  Parliament's  wife.  It 
will  be  a  cruel  fate,  after  having  laid  out 
so  much  money  here,  and  building  upon 
it  as  the  nest  of  my  old  age,  if  I  am  driven 
from  it  by  bad  health  !  To  be  forced  back 
into  the  world,  when  I  am  sick  of  it ;  to 
live  in  London,  which  I  detest,  or  to  send 
myself  to  Paris,  which  I  like  as  little  ;  to 
find  no  benefit  from  a  life  of  temperance  ; 
to  sit  by  a  fire  instead  of  braving  winds 
and  weather ;  in  short,  to  grow  to  moralize 
— oh  !  'tis  piteous  enough  !  I  dread  own- 
ing I  am  ill,  because  everybody  talks  non- 


sense to  one,  and  wants  to  quack  one ; 
concealing  it,  looks  like  an  affectation  of 
philosophy,  which  I  despise.  In  phy- 
sicians I  believe  no  more  than  in  divines 
— in  short,  I  was  not  made  for  an  invalid ; 
I  mean  my  mind  was  not,  and  my  body 
seems  made  for  nothing  else.  I  thought 
I  could  harden  paper  to  the  consistence 
of  stone — I  am  disappointed  and  do  not 
like  it ;  for,  though  I  can  laugh  at  my- 
self, I  shall  be  tired  of  laughing  long  at 
the  same  thing  ;  in  short,  I  might  as  well 
have  conquered  the  world.  Sententious 
poets  would  have  told  me  that  it  signified 
little,  as  I  had  conquered  myself.  I  have 
conquered  myself,  and  to  very  little 
purpose  !  Wisdom  and  foresight  are  just 
as  foolish  as  anything  else,  when  you  know 
the  bottom  of  them.    Adieu !'' 


The  following  letter  relates  to  a  person  whom  our  readers  must  re- 
collect appears  often  in  Walpole*s  Reminiscences  of  the  Court  of  George 
the  Second,  and  in  his  former  letters.  The  residence  of  Lady  Suffolk  at 
Marble  Hill,  shaded  by  its  venerable  elms,  still  exists  5  the  Thames  still 
glides  as  of  old  by  its  flowery  lawns  ;  but  it  has  now  lost  both  its  poetic 
charm,  for  its  gardens  were  laid  out  by  Pope,  and  its  historic  interest,  for 
its  groves  were  described  by  Walpole, 


"  I  have  been  very  unfortunate  in  the 
death  of  my  Lady  Suffolk,  who  was  the 
only  sensible  friend  I  had  at  Strawberry. 
Though  she  was  seventy-nine,  her  senses 
were  in  the  highest  perfection,  and  her 
memory  wonderful,  as  it  was  as  accurate 
on  recent  events  as  on  the  most  distant. 
Her  hearing  had  been  impaired  above 
forty  years,  and  was  the  only  defect  that 
prevented  her  conversation  from  not  being 
as  agreeable  as  possible.  She  had  seen, 
known,  and  remembered  so  much,  that 
I  was  very  seldom  not  eager  to  hear. 
She  was  a  sincere  and  unalterable  friend, 
very  calm,  judicious,  and  zealous.  Her 
integrity  and  goodness  had  secured  the 
continuation  of  respect,  and  no  fallen 
favourite  had  ever  expenenced neglect  less. 
Her  fortune,  which  had  never  been  nearly 
so  great  as  it  was  believed,  of  late  years 


was  so  diminished,  as  to  have  brought  her 
into  great  difficulties.  Yet  they  were  not 
even  suspected,  for  she  had  a  patience 
and  command  of  herself  that  prevented 
her  ever  complaining  of  either  fortune  or 
illness.  No  mortal  but  Lord  Chetwynd 
and  I  were  acquainted  with  her  real  situa« 
tion.  I  sat  with  her  two  hours  on  Saturday 
night,  and  though  I  knew  that  she  was 
ill,  and  found  her  much  changed,  did  not 
suspect  her  danger  so  great.  The  next 
evening  she  was  better ;  and,  retiring  to 
her  chamber  to  supper  with  Lord  Chet- 
wynd, she  pressed  her  hand  suddenly  to 
her  side  and  expired  in  half  an  hour.  I 
believe  she  left  Marble  Hill  to  Lord 
Buckingham,'*'  and  what  else  she  had  to 
Miss  Hotham  :f  at  least  I  guess  so  from 
what  I  have  heard  her  say,  fbr  I  have  not 
yet  been  told  her  will." 


Those  who  remember  Burke's  splendid  eulogy  on  Charles  Townsbend 
and  his  noonday  glory,  will  not  without  interest  take  a  farewell  look  oii 
the  setting  sun. 

''  But  our  comet  is  set  too  I     Charles  world  is  dumb  I  that  duplicity  is  fixed, 

Townshend  is  dead.     All  those  parts  and  that  cowardice  terminated  heroically.    He 

fire  are  extinguished ;  those  volatile  salts  joked  on  death  as  naturally  as  he  used  to 

are  evaporated  ;  that  first  eloquence  of  the  do  on  the  living,  and  not  with  theaffecta- 


*  John  Hobart,  second  Earl  of  Buckinghamshire,  nephew  of  Lady  Suffolk. 
•f  Hemietta,  only  child  of  Sir  Charles  Hotham  ThompsoDi  by  Dorothy,  only 
daughter  of  Sir  John  Hobart,  first  fiarl  of  Buckingham,  brother  of  Lady  Suffolk. 


Wia^poV9  ljdier$  M  Mr 


MwH* 


1»ept 


tioii  of  phUofOphttfy  wlio  wind  op  liieb 
works  with  sajingt  which  they  hope  to 
hare  rsmembered.  With  a  robust  person 
he  had  always  a  menacing  constitution. 
He  had  had  a  ferer  the  whole  summer, 
reoovered,  as  it  was  thought,  relapsed, 
was  neglected,  and  it  turned  to  an  in - 
cwable  putrid  fever.  The  Opposition 
ezpeeted  that  the  loss  of  this  essential 
pin  would  loosen  the  whole  frame  ;  but  it 
liad  been  hard  if  both  his  life  and  death 
were  to  be  pernicious  to  tiie  administration. 
He  had  engaged  to  betray  the  latter  to 
the  former,  as  I  knew  early,  and  as  Lord 
Mansfield  has  sinee  declared.  I  there- 
fore could  not  think  the  loss  of  him  a 


misfbrtime.  His  seals  w^  immediately 
offered  to  Lord  North,  who  declined  them. 
The  Opposition  rejoiced ;  but  they  ought 
to  have  been  better  acquainted  with  one 
educated  in  their  own  school.  Lord 
North  has  since  accepted  the  seals,  and 
the  reversion  of  his  father's  pension. 
While  that  eccentric  genius,  Charles 
Townshend,  whom  no  system  could  con* 
tain,  is  whirled  out  of  existence,  our  more 
artificial  meteor,  Lord  Chatham,  seems 
to  be  wheeling  back  to  the  sphere  of 
business,  at  least  his  health  is  declared  to 
be  re-established  ;  but  he  has  lost  his 
adorers,  the  mob,  and  I  doubt  the  wise 
men  will  not  travel  after  his  light." 


Wilkes  now  for  the  first  time  appears  in  all  his  patriot  glory. 


**  I  was  interrupted  yesterday.  The 
ghost  is  laid  for  a  time  in  a  red  sea  of  port 
and  claret.  This  spectre  is  the  famous 
Wilkes.  He  appeared  the  moment  the 
Parliament  was  dissolved.  The  ministry 
despise  him.  He  stood  for  the  city  of 
London,  and  was  the  last  on  the  poll  of 
seven  candidates  ;  none  but  the  mob,  and 
most  of  them  without  votes,  favouring 
him.  He  then  offered  himself  to  the 
eounty  of  Middlesex.  The  election  came 
on  last  Monday.  By  five  in  the  morning 
a  very  large  body  of  weavers,  &c.  took 
possession  of  Piccadilly,  and  the  roads 
and  turnpikes  leading  to  Brentford,  and 
would  suffer  nobody  to  pass  without  blue 
eockades,  and  papers  inscribed  ''  No.  45, 
Wilkes  and  Liberty."  They  tore  to 
^eces  the  coaches  of  Sir  W.  Beauchamp 
Proctor,  and  Mr.  Cooke,  the  other  candi- 
dates, though  the  latter  was  not  there,  but 
in  bed  with  the  gout,  and  it  was  with 
difficulty  that  Sir  William  and  Mr.  Cooke*s 
cousin  got  to  Brentford.  There,  however, 
lest  it  should  be  declared  a  void  election, 
Wilkes  had  the  sense  to  keep  everything 
quiet.  But,  about  five,  Wilkes,  being 
considerably  a-head  of  the  other  two,  his 
mob  returned  to  town  and  behaved  out- 
rageously. They  stopped  every  carriage, 
scratched  and  spoiled  several  with  writing 
all  over  them  '  No.  45,'  pelted,  threw  dirt 
imd  stones,  and  forced  everybody  to  huz^a 
for  Wilkes.  I  did  but  cross  Piccadilly  at 
eight,  in  my  coach  with  a  French 
Monsier  d' Angeul,  whom  1  was  carrying  to 
Lady  Hertford's;  they  stopped  us,  and 
)t)id  us  huzza.  I  desired  him  to  let  down 
the  glass  on  his  side,  but,  as  he  was  not 
alert,  they  broke  it  to  shatters.  At  night 
they  insisted,  in  several  streets,  on  houses 
being  illuminated,  and  several  Scotch  re- 
fusing, hadtheirwindows  broken.  Another 
mob  rose  in  the  city,  and  Harley,  the 
present  mayor,  being  another  Sir  William 


Walworth,  and  having  acted  formerly  and 
now  with  great  spirit  against  Wilkes,  and 
the  Mansion  House  not  being  illuminated, 
and  he  out  of  town,  they  broke  every 
window,  and  tried  to  force  their  way  into 
the  house.  The  trained  bands  were  sent 
for,  but  did  not  suffice.  At  last  a  party 
of  guards,  from  the  Tower,  and  some 
lights  erected,  dispersed  the  tumult.  At 
one  in  the  morning  a  riot  began  before 
Lord  Bute's  house,  in  Audley  Street, 
though  illuminated.  They  flung  two  large 
flints  into  Lady  Bute's  chamber,  who  was 
in  bed,  and  broke  every  window  in  the 
house.  Next  morning  Wilkes  and  Cooke 
were  returned  members.  The  day  was 
very  quiet,  but  at  night  they  rose  again, 
and  obliged  almost  every  house  in  town 
to  be  lifted  up,  even  the  Duke  of  Cum- 
berland's and  Princess  Amelia's.  About 
one  o'clock  they  marched  to  the  Duchess 
of  Hamilton's  in  Argyle-buildings  (Lord 
Lorn  being  in  Scotland).  She  was  obsti- 
nate, and  would  not  illuminate,  though 
with  child,  and,  as  they  hope,  of  an  heir 
to  the  family,  and  with  the  Duke,  her 
son,  and  the  rest  of  her  children  in  the 
house.  There  is  a  small  court  and 
parapet  wall  before  the  house :  they 
brought  iron  crows,  tore  down  the  gates, 
pulled  up  the  pavement,  and  battered  the 
house  for  three  hours.  They  could  not 
find  the  key  of  the  back  door,  nor  send 
for  any  assistance.  The  night  before,  they 
had  obliged  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of 
Northumberland  to  give  them  beer,  and 
appear  at  the  windows,  and  drink  Wilkes's 
health.  They  stopped  and  opened  the 
coach  of  Count  Seilern,  the  Austrian 
ambassador,  who  has  made  a  formal  com- 
plaint, on  which  the  council  met  on  Wed- 
nesday night,  and  were  going  to  issue  a 
proclamation,  but,   hearing  that  all  was 

auiet,  and  that  only  a  few  houses  were 
laminated  in  Leicester  Fields  from  the 


ia43.] 


WjolpoWs  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


239 


terror  c^  the  inhabitaBts,  a  few  constables 
were  sent  with  orders  to  extinguish  the 
lights,  and  not  the  smallest  disorder  has 
happened  since.  In  short  it  has  ended 
like  other  election  riots,  and  with  not  a 
quarter  of  the  mischief  that  has  been  done 
in  some  otiier  towns/'  &c. 

"  We  have  no  heads  but  wrong  ones  ; 
and  wrong  heads  on  both  sides  have  not 
the  happy  attribute  of  two  negatives  in 
makiag  an  affirmative.  Instead  of  anni- 
hilating Wilkes  by  buying  or  neglecting 
him,  his  enemies  have  pushed  the  court 
on  a  series  of  measures  which  have  made 
him  excessively  important ;  and  now  every 
step  they  take  must  serve  to  increase  his 
faction,  and  make  themselves  more  un- 
popular. The  clouds  all  around  them  are 
many  and  big,  and  will  burst  as  fast  as 
they  try  violent  methods.  I  tremble  at 
the  prospect,  and  suffer  to  see  the  abyss 
into  which  we  are  falling,  and  the  height 
from  whence  we  have  fallen.  We  were 
tired  of  being  in  a  situation  to  give  the 
law  to  Europe,  and  now  cannot  give  it 
with  safety  to  the  mob,  for  giving  it  when 
tiiey  are  not  disposed  to  receive  it  is  of 
all  experiments  the  most  dangerous  ;  and 
whatever  may  be  the  consequence  in  the 
end  seldom  fails  to  fall  on  the  heads  of 
those  who  undertake  it.  I  have  said  it  to 
you  more  than  once  ;  it  is  amaziug  to  me 
that  men  do  not  prefer  the  safe,  amiable, 
and  honourable  method  of  governing  the 
people  as  they  like  to  be  governed,  to  the 
invidious  and  restless  task  of  governing 
them  contrary  to  their  inclinations.  If 
princes  or  ministers  considered  that  de- 
spair makes  men  fearless  instead  of  making 
them  cowards,  surely  they  would  abandon 
such  fruitless  policy,  It  requires  ages  of 
oppression,  barbarism,  and  ignorance,  to 
sink  mankind  into  pusillanimous  sub- 
mission, and  it  requires  a  climate  too 
that  softens  and  enervates.  I  do  not 
think  we  are  going  to  try  the  experiment ; 
but,  as  I  am  sorry  the  people  give  provo- 
cation, so  I  am  grieved  to  see  that  provo- 
cation too  warmly  resented,  because  men 
forget  from  whence  they  set  out,  and 
mutual  injuries  beget  new  principles,  and 
open  to  wider  views  than  either  party  had 
at  first  any  notion  of.     Charles  the  First 


would  have  been  more  despotic  if  he  had 
defeated  the  republicans  than  he  would 
have  dreamed  of  being  before  the  civil 
war  ;  and  Colonel  Cromwell  certainly 
never  thought  of  becoming  proteetor  when 
he  raised  his  regiment.  The  king  lost 
his  head,  and  the  colonel  his  rest ;  and 
we  were  so  fortunate,  after  a  deluge  of 
blood,  as  to  relapse  into  a  little  better 
condition  than  we  had  been  before  the 
contest ;  but,  if  the  son  of  either  had  beei^ 
an  active  rogue,  we  might  have  lost  our 
liberties  for  some  time,  and  not  recovered 
them  without  a  much  longer  struggle.^^ 

<<  Everybody  is  going  into  the  country 
to  recruit  themselves  with  health,  or 
money,  or  wit,  or  faction.  This  has  been 
an  expensive  winter  in  all  those  articles. 
London  is  such  a  drain,  that  we  seem 
annihilated  in  summer,  at  least  the  activity 
and  events  from  the  beginning  of  Novem* 
ber  to  the  beginning  of  June  are  so  out  of 
proportion  to  the  other  five  months,  that 
we  are  not  the  same  nation  in  the  one' 
half  year  and  the  other.  Paris  itself,  com- 
pared to  London,  appeared  to  me  a  mere 
country  town,  where  they  live  upon  one 
piece  of  news  for  a  month.  When  I  lived 
in  the  country,  (which  was  but  the  three 
last  summers  of  my  father's  life,  for  I 
don't  call  this  place  so,)  I  used  to  be  tired 
to  death  of  the  conversation  on  the  price 
of  oats  and  barley,  and  those  topics  that 
people  talk  about  and  about  by  their 
almanack,  and  which  never  do,  and  which 
never  have,  occasion  to  come  to  a  conclu- 
sion. I  have  been  so  used  to  think  to  a 
point,  that  the  common  conversation  of 
the  world  about  common  things  is  in- 
supportable to  me ;  and  to  say  the  truth 
I  know  less  of  the  common  affairs  of  the 
world  than  if  I  had  lived  all  my  days  in 
a  college.  Elections,  justice  business, 
prices  of  commodities,  and  all  matters  of 
detail,  are  Hebrew  to  me.  Men  that  know 
every  circumstance,  and  women  that  never 
know  any,  are  equally  good  company  to 
me.  I  had  as  willingly  hear  a  story, 
where  everything  is  confounded,  as  where 
everything  is  detailed ;  the  event  of  every- 
thing seeming  to  me  all  that  is  worth 
knowing,  and  then  I  want  something 
new,"  &c. 


It  has  been  remarked  as  a  circumstance  not  only  of  curiosity  but  of 
importance,  that  no  mention  (or  only  a  casual  one)  occurs  of  Junius  in  the 
published  correspondence  of  Walpole ;  and  it  has  been  surmised  that  his  silence 
arose  from  bis  being  the  author  of  tlie  letters  5  any  proof,  however,  dravrn 
from  this  quarter  is  done  away  by  the  following  notices. 


"The  licentiousness  of  abuse  surpasses 
all  example.  The  most  savage  massacre 
df  priyate  characters  passes  for  sport ;  but 


we  have  lately  had  an  attack  made  on  the 
king  himself,  exceeding  the  North  firiton. 
Such  a  paper  has  been  printed  by  the 


•  4. 


240 


Walpoles  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


[Sept. 


famous  Juniust  whoever  he  is,  that  it 
would  scarce  have  been  written  before 
Charles  the  First  was  in  Carisbrook 
Castle.  The  Dukes  of  Gloucester  and 
Cumberland  are  as  little  spared ;  the 
former  for  having  taken  a  wife  for  him- 
self—so says  the  North  Briton  ;  observe, 
/  do  not  say  so  ;  and  the  latter  for  having 
taken  another  man's — for  opposite  actions 
are  equally  criminal  in  the  spectacles  of 
opposition,  the  two  glasses  of  whieh  are 
always  made,  the  one  to  see  black  as 

Again  he  wrtes, 

**  I  have  no  news  to  tell  you.  You 
know  as  much  of  Wilkes  and  Townshend 
as  I  do  from  their  memorials  in  the  news- 
papers. The  famous  JunitM  seems  at 
last  to  issue  from  the  shop  of  the  former, 
though  the  composition  is  certainly  above 
Wilkes  himself.      The   styles  are  often 


white,  the  other  white  as  black,  and  also 
both  to  see  that  white  and  black  are  both 
black.  #  »  »  Lord  Mans- 
field, who  had  already  been  frightened 
out  of  the  Speaker's  chair,  will  not  be 
encouraged  by  a  Junius  that  came  out 
yesterday,  the  most  outrageous,  I  sup- 
pose, ever  published  against  so  high  a 
magistrate  by  name.  The  excess  of  abuse, 
the  personality,  and  new  attacks  on  the 
Scotch  make  people  ascribe  it  to  Wilkes;  to 
me  the  composition  is  far  above  him,**  &c. 


blended,  and  very  distinguishable,  but 
nobody  knows  who  it  is  that  deigns  to 
fight  in  disguise  under  Wilkes's  banner. 
So  far  this  unknown  knight  will  not 
resemble  his  predecessors  in  romance, 
that  he  probably  will  not  disclose  himself 
and  demand  ihe  princess*  in  marriage.'* 


The  early  notices  of  Burke  only  just  appearing  above  the  political  horizon, 
and  almost  new  to  fame,  though  brief^  are  worthy  notice.  He  is  first 
mentioned  in  January  \2,  1770. 


''A  most  unheard-of  attack  has  been 
made  on  the  House  of  Commons  ;  Sir 
George  Savile,  a  man  of  great  fortune, 
spotless  character,  and  acute  though  in- 
judicious head,  has  twice  told  them  to 
their  faces  that  they  sit  illegally,  having 
betrayed  their  trust,  and  that  he  was 
ready  to  receive  the  punishment  for  telling 
them  so.  Burke,  not  quite  so  rich,  nor 
immaculate,  but  of  better  abilities^  has 
twice  said  as  much,  and  allowed  that  he 
ought  to  be  sent  to  the  Tower  for  what  he 
said,  but  knew  their  guilt  was  too  great  to 
let  them  venture  to  commit  him.   H itherto 


this  language  has  been  borne ;  but,  as  there 
is  not  so  great  a  mule  as  a  martyr,  I 
have  no  doubt  but  these  two  saints  will 
insist  on  receiving  the  crown  of  glory : 
and  it  is  said  many  more  will  demand  the 
honour  of  sharing  their  cross.  *  »  * 
Lord  Chatham  has  talked  on  the  Mid- 
dlesex election  till  nobody  will  answer 
him ;  and  Mr,  Burke,  Lord  RockinghanCs 
governor f  has  published  a  pamphlet  that 
has  sown  the  utmost  discord  between  that 
faction  and  the  supporters  of  the  Bill  of 
Rights.  Mrs.  Macaulay  has  written 
against  it.'* 


He  also  mentions  that,  at  the  opening  of  the  Parliament  in  Nov.  1 770, 


.  "Lord  North  spoke  well,  and  with 
great  prudence.  Col.  Barr^  with  wit  and 
severity.  Burke  warmly  and  not  welV* 


"A  country  is  undone  before  people 
dbtinguish  between  affected  and  real 
virtue,  and  Cato  is  dead  before  anybody 
minds  him.  I  could  write  a  volume  of 
reflections  or  comparisons,  )but  to  what 
purpose?  Writings  impel,  but  can  re- 
strain nobody.  Every  Clodius  of  the 
hour  takes  the  name  of  Cato  to  himself, 
and  bestows  his  own  name  on  his  enemy. 
Truth  surmounts  but  an  hundred  years 
afterwards ;  is  then  entombed  in  history, 
and  appears  as  flat  as,  or  less  interesting 
than,  the  lies  with"  which  it  is  surrounded 


and  has  been  overwhelmed.  Everybody 
talks  of  the  constitution,  but  all  sides 
forget  that  the  constitution  is  extremely 
well,  and  would  do  very  well  if  they  would 
but  let  it  alone.  Indeed  it  must  be  a 
strong  constitution  considering  how  long 
it  has  been  quacked  and  doctored.  If  it 
had  a  fever,  it  was  a  slow  one.  Its  pre- 
sent physicians  imitate  the  faculty  so 
servilely,  that  they  seem  to  think  the 
wisest  step  is  to  convert  the  slow  fever 
into  a  high  one  ;  then,  you  know,  the  pa- 
tient is  easily  cured — or  killed.  Consider- 
ing how  much  I  have  seen,  perhaps  I 
ought  not  to  be  so  easily  alarmed,  but  a 
bystander  is  more  apt  to  be  serious  than 
those  who  are  heated  and  engaged  in  the 
game.     I  have  the   weakness  of  loviug 


*  The  Princess   of  Wales  was  much  abused  in  the  satirical  writings  that  time, 
particularly  Wilkes's. 


1843.] 


1Valpole*8  Ldtefi  to  Sir  Horace  Mam^ 


341 


national  gbry.  I  exalted  in  the  figure 
we  made  in  the  last  war ;  but  as  I  am  con- 
nected with  neither  court  nor  opposition, 
I  enjoy  the  triumphs  of  neither,  which  are 
made  at  the  expense  of  the  whole.  Their 
squabbles  divert  us  from  attention  to 
greater  interests,  and  their  views  are  con- 
fined to  the  small  circle  of  themselves  and 
friends.  If  the  quarrel  becomes  very 
serious,  one  knows,  whichever  side  pre- 
vails, the  crown  in  the  long  run  must 
predominate  ;  and  what  matters  it  which 
party  or  faction  shall  then  be  upper- 
most ?"  &c. 

•^  ^F  ^F  ^fi 

^*  There  is  another  scene  opened  of  a 
very  different  aspect.  You  have  seen  the 
accounts  from  Boston.  The  tocsin  seems 
to  be  sounded  to  America.*  I  have  many 
visions  about  that  country,  and  fancy  I 
see  twenty  empires  and  republics  forming 
upon  vast  scales  over  all  that  continent, 

We  now  return  to  domestic  history  and  the  cloisters  of  Strawberry 
HiU. 


which  is  growing  too  mighty  to  be  kept  in 
subjection  to  hidf  a  dozen  exhausted  na- 
tions in  Europe.  As  the  latter  sinks,  and 
the  others  rise,  they  who  live  between  the 
8eras  will  be  a  sort  of  Noahs,  witnesses  to 
the  period  of  the  old  world  and  origin  of 
the  new.  I  entertain  myself  with  the  idea 
of  a  future  senate  in  Carolina  and  Vir- 
ginia, where  their  patriots  will  harangue 
on  the  austere  and  incorruptible  virtue  of 
the  ancient  English  I  will  tell  their  au- 
ditors of  our  disinterestedness  and  scorn 
of  bribes  and  pensions,  and  make  us 
blush  in  our  graves  at  their  ridiculous 
panegyrics.  Who  knows  but  even  our 
Indian  usurpations  and  villanies  may 
become  topics  of  praise  to  American 
schoolboys  ?  As  I  believe  our  yirtuea 
are  extremely  like  those  of  our  predeces- 
sors the  Romans,  so  I  am  sure  our  luxurv 
and  extravagance  are  too." 


"  Mr.  Hamilton's  Cqrreggio  is  arrived. 
I  have  seen  it :  it  is  divine — and  so  is  the 
price-;  for  nothing  but  a  demi-god  or  a 
demi-devil,  that  is,  a  nabob,  can  purchase 
it.  What  do  you  think  of  three  thousand 
pounds  ?  It  has  all  Correggio's  grace  and 
none  of  his  grimace,  which,  like  Shak- 
speare,  he  is  too  apt  to  blend  and  con- 
found. I  myself  expect  a  treasure  to- 
morrow, a  complete  suit  of  armour  of 
Francis  the.  First,  which  I  have  bought 
out  of  the  Crozat  collection.  It  will 
make  a  great  figure  here  at  Otranto.  Mr. 
Chute  is  come  to  welcome  the  monarch  at 
his  landing.  It  is  cruel  to  me  never  to 
see  you  here.  What  an  addition  would  it 
be  to  the  tranquillity  I  have  had  the  sense 
to  give  myself !  It  would  be  delicious  if 
time  did  not  disperse  or  carry  off  one's 
friends  and  contemporaries.  As  to  young 
acquaintance,  there  is  no  uniting  the  con- 
versation of  different  ages.  One  is 
checked  every  moment :  one  cannot  make 
an  allusion  to  what  one  has  seen,  without 
being  reduced  to  explanations  that  be- 
come, or  seem  to  them,  old  stories.  The 
times  immediately  preceding  their  own, 
are  what  all  men  are  least  acquainted  with. 
A  young  man  knows  Romulus  better  than 


George  the  Second.  On  the  other  hand, 
the  young  have  new  words,  new  language^ 
new  amusements,  and  one  can  no  more 
talk  their  talk  than  dance  their  dances. 
You  and  I  could  at  least  talk  of  a  riga- 
doon,  or  of  Booth  and  Mrs.  Oldfield :  and, 
were  you  your  own  master,  methinks  you 
would  prefer  it  to  name-days  and  christen- 
ings of  baby  future  sovereigns.  It  amaaes 
me  when  \  see  men  by  choice  push 
on  towards  a  succession  of  courts*  Am- 
bition should  be  a  passion  of  youth ;  not, 
as  it  generally  is,  of  the  end  of  life.  What 
joy  can  it  be  to  govern  the  grandchildren 
of  our  contemporaries  ?  It  is  but  being 
a  more  magnificent  kln4  of  schoolmaster. 
I  was  told  that  \  should  regret  quitting 
my  seat  in  Parliament :  but  I  knew 
myself  better  than  those  prophetf  did. 
Four  years  are  past,  and  I  have  done 
nothing  but  applaud  my  resolution.  Whe» 
I  compare  my  situation  with  my  former 
agitated  and  turbulent  life,  I  wonder  hQW 
I  had  spirits  to  go  through  the  former, 
or  how  I  can  be  charmed  with  the  latter 
without  having  lost  those  spirits.  *  ^ 
^'  I  was  born  at  the  top  of  the  world ;  { 
have  long  been  nobody,  and  am  charmed 
to  be  so.    I  see  the  insolence  of  9upe- 


*  The  following  view  of  the  American  war,  when  yet  a  spark  that  Walpole  though^ 
a  tread  of  his  slipper  might  stifle,  is  curious. 

"  Well !  but  we  have  a  worse  riot,  though  a  little  further  off.  Boston — not  in  Lin- 
colnshire, though  we  have  had  a  riot  even  there — but  in  New  England,  is  almost  in 
rebellion,  and  two  regiments  are  ordered  thither.  Letters  are  come  in  that  say  the 
other  provinces  disapprove,  and  even  the  soberer  persons  there.  In  truth  it  is  believed 
in  the  city  that  this  tumult  will  be  easily  got  the  better  of.  Our  navy,  tQO,  if  in  so 
very  formidable  plight  that  our  neighbours  will  not  much  care  to  interfere.  It  i9 
tremendous  the  force  we  have  in  the  river,  at  Plymouth  and  Portsmouth,"  &c. 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX.  2  I 


242 


Walpole*$  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann^ 


[Sept. 


Hon ;  but  how  does  it  hurt  me  ?  They 
can  neither  frighten  me  nor  deprive  me  of 
any  enjoyment.  I  laugh  at  their  dignity, 
which  I  generally  see  built  or  leaning  on 
meanness  and  slavery ;  and  which  is  best 
founded,  their  contempt  or  mine  ?  To  be 
determined  to  be  content  with  little,  is  to 
determine  that  one*s  happiness  shall  de- 
pend on  no  one  but  one's-self ;  but,  if 
consideration  is  one's  point,  I  do  not  see 
why  one  should  be  satisfied  without  being 
emperor  of  the  world.      One    superior 


would  mortify  me  more  than  a  thousand 
inferiors  homaging  me  would  contribute 
to  my  satisfaction :  but  when  one  is  em- 
peror of  one's-self,  all  is  harmony  and 
sunshine.  And,  depend  upon  it,  a  mo- 
derate fortune  is  more  capable  of  bestow- 
ing and  ensuring  that  reign,  than  any  po- 
sition of  grandeur.  Were  I  rich,  my 
nephews  and  nieces  would  be  attentive 
and  sincere  enough;  I  like  better  to 
know  their  hearts.*' 


But  we  must  illustrate  this  profession  of  philosophy  5  for  example, 


"The  current  of  time  hurries  every- 
thing along  with  it,  and  if  we  have  the 
patience  to  sit  still  and  see  it  pass  it  is 
sure  of  washing  away  our  vexations,  as 
well  as  our  pleasures ;  and,  both  being 
dreams,  are  not  worth  remembrance.  I 
have  attained  so  much  habitual  philoso- 
phy (for  I  believe  in  no  other)  that  events 
which  would  formerly  have  distressed  me 
exceedingly,  do  not  now  put  me  out  of 
temper ;  as  I  experienced  last  week.  A 
dozen  powder-mills,  within  two  miles  of 
Twickenham,  blew  up  last  week,  and 
almost  levelled  my  castle  as  low  as  Troy. 
This  is  far  from  true ;  but  the  explosion 
readly  demolished  four  of  my  windows  of 
painted  glass,  and  broke  as  many  more. 


I  neither  stomached  it  like  a  Stoic,  nor 
d — -. — d  the  undertaker  of  the  mills  like 
a  Christian.  I  shall  set  about  mending 
them  with  the  patience  of  Penelope, 
though  with  the  prospect  of  having  them 
ruined  again,  for,  as  Mr.  Bentley  said,  in 
this  country  *  abuses  are  freeholds,*  and  I 
do  not  believe  the  neighbourhood  will  get 
the  mills  removed.  Tbe  Duke  of  Nortii- 
umberland,  to  raise  his  rent  a  trifle, 
obtained  an  Act  of  Parliament  for  this 
nuisance ;  indeed,  he  got  the  consent  of 
the  gentlemen  within  the  circuit,  by  pro- 
mising they  should  be  corn-mills ;  but  the 
Act  was  no  sooner  passed,  than,  lo !  they 
became  powder-mills !  and  have  torn  the 
whole  county  to  pieces  !'*  &c. 


The  following  letter  relates  to  the  presumed  insanity  of  his  relative  Lord 
Orford,  who  was  supposed  incapable  of  mana^ng  his  affairs,  which 
management  devolved  on  Mr.  Walpole^  and  at  his  death  he  took  the  title 
and  estates.  - 


**  When  my  mind  reposes  a  little,  I 
smile  at  myself.  I  intended  to  trifle  out 
the  remnant  of  my  days ;  and  lo !  they 
are  invaded  by  lawyers,  stewards,  phy- 
sicians, and  jockeys  !  Yes  ;  this  whole 
week  past  I  have  been  negotiating  a  sale 
of  race-horses  at  Newmarket,  and,  to  the 
honour  of  my  transactions,  the  sale  has 
turned  out  greatly.  My  Gothic  ancestors 
are  forgotten  ;  I  am  got  upon  the  turf. 
I  gi^e  orders  about  game,  dispark  Hough- 
ton, have  plans  of  farming,  vend  colts, 
fillies,  bullocks,  and  sheep,  and  have  not 
yet  confounded  terms,  nor  ordered  point- 
ers to  be  turned  to  grass.  I  read  the 
part  of  the  newspapers  I  used  to  skip, 
and  peruse  the  lists  of  sweepstakes :  not 
the  articles  of  intelligence,  nor  the  rela- 
tions of  the  shows  at  Portsmouth  for  the 
King,  or  at  Oxford  for  the  Viceroy  North. 


I  must  leave  Europe  and  its  kings  and 
queens  to  you ;  we  do  not  talk  of  such 
folks  at  the  Inns  of  Court.  I  sold  Stoic 
for  five  hundred  guineas  :  I  shall  never 
get  five  pence  by  the  Monarchs  of  the 
Empire,  and  therefore  we  jockeys  of  the 
Temple,  and  we  lawyers  of  Newmarket, 
hold  them  to  be  very  insignificant  indi- 
viduals. The  only  political  point  that 
touches  me  at  present  is  what  does  occa- 
sion much  noise  and  trouble, — the  new 
Act  that  decries  guineas  under  weight. 
Though  I  have  refused  to  receive  a 
guinea  myself  of  Lord  Orford^s  income, 
yet  I  must  see  it  all  paid  into  my  Lady's 
banker's  hands,  and  I  am  now  in  a  fright 
lest  the  purchase-money  of  the  racers 
should  be  made  in  light  coin, — not  from 
suspicion  of  such  honourable  men,  but 
from  their  inattention  to  money." 


As  this  letter  proceeds^  Walpole  gives  a  bird's-eye -view  of  the  state  of 
society  at  that  time,  as  he  looked  at  it  from  his  retreat  at  Strawberry 
Hill. 

**  They  say  the  Bank  is  to  issue  five-  stop,  and  the  confusion  is  extreme.  Yea, 
pound  notes :  at  present  all  trade  is  at  a     verily,  the  villany  and  iniquities  of  the 


1843.] 


Walpoles  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann. 


243 


age  are  bringing  things  rapidly  to  a  crisis ! 
Ireland  is  drained,  and  has  not  a  shilling. 
The  explosion  of  the  Scotch  banks  has 
reduced  them  almost  as  low,  and  sunk 
their  flourishing  manufactures  to  low- 
water  ebb.  The  Maccaronis  are  at  their 
nB  plus  ultra :  Charles  Fox  is  already  so 
like  Julius  Caesar,  that  he  owes  an  hun- 
dred thousand  pounds.  Lord  Carlisle 
pays  fifteen  hundred,  and  Mr.  Crew 
twelve  hundred  a -year  for  him — ^literally 
for  him,  being  bound  for  him,  while  he, 
as  like  Brutus  as  Cssar,  is  indifferent 
about  such  paltry  counters ;  one  must 
talk  of  Clodius  when  one  has  no  Scipio. 
Yet,  if  the  merit  of  some  historian  does 
not  interest  posterity  by  the  beauty  of 

In  another  letter  he  says, 

**  My  life,  which,  though  always  occu- 
pied, has  in  reality  been  an  idle  one,  is 
now  passed  in  business.  Combating 
rogues  is  not  the  least  part  of  my  employ- 
ment. The  vultures  stick  to  the  carcase 
of  my  nephew's  estate,  as  if  they  had  not 
been  gorged  with  its  flesh.  The  lawyers 
press  on  me  with  offers  of  managing ;  the 
servants  cannot  break  themselves  of  pil- 
fering; and  my  lord's  friends  set  up 
promises,  as  if  they  had  left  him  anything 
to  give.  It  is  strictly  true,  that,  from  the 
instant  he  was  seized,  there  has  been  but 
one  universal  thought  of  plundering.  I 
create  enemies  at  every  step,  and  must 
expect  torrents  of  abuse,  because  I  am 
determined  not  to  deserve  it.  My  ad- 
ministration is  an  epitome  of  greater 
scenes ;  and,  happily,  I  enter  upon  it  at 
an  age  when  every  passion  is  cooled.    I 


his  narration,  this  age  will  be  as  little 
known  as  the  annals  of  the  Byzantine; 
Empire,  marked  only  by  vices  and  follies. 
What  is  England  now  ? — A  sink  of  Indian 
wealth,  filled  by  nabobs  and  emptied  by 
Maccaronis !  A  senate,  sold  and  de- 
spised !  A  country  overrun  by  horse- 
races! A  gaming,  robbing,  wrangling, 
railing  nation,  without  principles,  genius, 
character,  or  allies  ;  the  overgrown  shadow 
of  what  it  was  !  Lord  bless  me  !  I  run 
on  like  a  political  barber.  I  must  go 
back  to  my  shop.  I  shall  let  farms  well, 
if  I  attend  to  the  state  of  the  nation  ! 
What's  Hecuba  to  me  ?  Don't  read  the 
end  of  my  letter  to  the  Countess  ;*  she 
will  think  I  am  as  mad  as  her  son.*' 


shall  be  inexcusable  if  I  do  anything  but 
right.  My  father  alone  was  capable  of 
acting  on  one  great  plan  of  honesty  from 
the  beginning  of  his  life  to  the  end.  He 
could  for  ever  wage  war  with  knaves  and 
malice,  and  preserve  his  temper ;  could 
know  men  and  yet  feel  for  them ;  could 
smile  when  opposed,  and  be  gentle  after 
triumph.  He  was  steady,  without  being 
eager ;  and  successful,  without  being  vain. 
He  forgot  the  faults  of  others,  and  his 
own  merits ;  and  was  as  incapable  of  fear 
as  of  doing  wrong.  Oh !  how  unlike 
him  I  am !  how  passionate,  timid,  and 
vain-glorious !  How  incapable  of  copy- 
ing him,  even  in  a  diminutive  sphere !  in 
short,  I  have  full  as  much  to  correct  in 
myself  as  to  control  in  others;  and  I 
must  look  into  my  own  breast  as  often  as 
into  bills  and  accounts.    Adieu !" 


Everybody  has  heard  of  Mrs.  Anne  Pitt^  the  sister  of  Lord  Chatham, 
and  of  her  abilities  and  character ;  but  everybody  does  not  know  how 
Lord  Chatham  feared  and  avoided  her.  Her  portrait  exists  at  Stow  from 
the  pencil  of  Hudson,  and  now  a  sketch,  perhaps  not  less  resembling  the 
original,  may  be  read  from  the  pen  of  Walpole. 


**  Lady  Bute  desires  me  to  tell  you  that 
Mrs.  Anne  Pitt  is  going  to  Pisa,  and  that 
I  would  recommend  her  to  you.  I  should 
do  that  on  my  own  account,  as  I  am  very 
intimate  with  her.  You  know  she  is  Lord 
Chatham's  sister,  as  well  as  his  very 
image ;  but  you  must  take  care  not  to 
make  your  court  to  her  on  that  head,  as 
they  are  no  dear  friends.  She  has  excel- 
lent parts,  a  great  deal  of  wit,  and  not  so 
sweet  a  temper  as  to  contradict  the  like« 
ness  of  her  features.  She  has  at  times 
been  absolutely  Enfflishff  but  not  in  the 


present  style  of  the  fashion,  and  has  much 
too  good  sense  to  exhibit  any  extra- 
ordinary scenes.  She  is  extremely  well- 
bred,  and  knows  the  world  perfectly.  In 
short,  she  will  be  much  pleased  with  your 
attentions,  and  will  please  you  in  a  very 
different  way  from  the  generality  of  our 
exports.  I  dread  sending  you  any  body 
that  I  have  not  known  long,  and  some 
that  I  do ;  but  there  is  no  danger  from 
Mrs.  Pitt,  who  has  always  lived  in  the 
great  world,  and  is  not  of  an  age  to  play 
the  fool— especially  on  a  small  theatre. 


*  Countess  of  Orford,  then  at  Florence. 

t  Out  of  her  senses.    She  died  so  some  years  after. 


Walpolei  Leitets  to  8if  Horace  Manrii 


244 


She  has  not  succeeded  no  well  M  slie  in-* 
tended  on  a  Very  lafge  one  ;*  but  you  may 
depend  upon  it,  Tuscany  will  not  tempt 
her.     I  will  not  answer  bat  she  may  take 


[Sept. 


liberties  with  gomef  that  have  be6n 
tempted  by  ffriat  duchies ;  but  yon  will 
have  the  prudence  not  to  seem  f  o  hear 
what  it  is  better  not  to  answer." 


We  DOtr  have  ft  little  home  sketch  of  Twickenham^  and  its  neighbour- 
hood. 


^*  la  the  midst  of  this  combn^on  (i,  e. 
qf^leetionsj  we  are  in  perils  by  land  and 
Watef.  It  has  rain6d  for  this  month 
without  intermission.  There  id  a  sea  be- 
tween me  and  Richmond,  and  Sutiday 
was  se*nnight  I  was  hurried  down  to  Isle- 
Worth  in  the  ferry-boat  by  the  Tiolence  of 
the  current,  and  had  great  diMcuhy  to 
get  to  shore.  Our  roads  are  so  infested  by 
highwaymen  that  it  is  dangerous  stirring 
out  almost  by  day.  Lady  Hertford  was 
attacked  on  Hounslow  Heath  at  three  in 
the  afternoon.  Dr.  Eliot  was  shot  at, 
three  days  ago,  without  having  resisted  ; 
and  the  day  before  yesterday  we  were 
near  losing  our  Prime  Mimster,  Lord 
North ;  the  robbers  shot  at  the  postilion, 
and  wounded  the  latter.  In  short,  all 
the  Jreebooters  that  are  not  in  India  have 
taken  to  the  highway.  The  ladies  of  the 
bedchamber  dare  not  go  to  the  Queen  at 
Kew  in  an  evening.  The  lane  between 
me  and  the  Thames  is  the  only  safe  road  I 
know  at  present^  for  it  is  up  to  the  middle 
of  the  horses  in  water.  Next  week  I  shall 
not  venture  to  London,  even  at  noon,  for 
the  Middlesex  election  is  to  be  at  Brent- 
ford, where  the  two  demagogues,  Wilkes 
and  Townshend,  oppose  each  other ;  and 
at  Richmond  there  is  no  crossing  the 
river.  How  strange  all  this  must  appear 
to  you  Florentines  ;  but  you  may  turn  to 
your  Maehiavelli  and  Guicciardini,  and 
have  some  idea  of  it.  I  am  the  qtuetest 
man  at  present  in  the  Whole  island,  not 
Imt  I  ihi^  take  iome  part  if  I  would. 
I  wai  in  nty  garden  yesterday,  seeing  my 
servants  lop  some  trees ;  my  brewer  walked 
in,  and  pressed  me  to  go  to  Guildhall,  for 
ihe  ndnrmation  of  members  for  the  county. 
I  replied,  calmly,  *  Sir,  when  I  would  go 
no  more  to  mry  oum  election,  you  may  be 
Very  sirre  I  will  go  to  that  of  nobody  else.' 
My  old  tune  is, 

Suave  mari  magno  turbantCbus  ee(iixora 
ventis,  &e.»» 

*  #  «  • 

''A  great  event  hap|iiened  two  dayar  ago 
•»>^  polHical  and  morid  <r<rent  I  the  sudden 
deftth  of  that  sfeeond  Konli  Khan,  Lord 


Clive.  There  was  certainly  fXtteih  in  iht 
(xse  ;  the  world  thinks  more  than  illness. 
His  constitution  was  Exceedingly  broken 
attd  disordered,  and  gtowd  subject  to  vio- 
lent pains  and  eonvulsions.  He  came 
tijtexpectedly  to  town  last  Monday,  and 
they  say  ill.  On  Tuesday  his  physidan 
gave  him  a  dose  of  laudanum,  which  had 
not  the  desired  effect.  On  the  reSt,  there 
are  two  stories;  one,  that  the  physician 
repeated  the  dose;  the  other,  that  he 
doubled  it  himself,  contrary  to  advice. 
In  short,  he  has  terminated  at  fifty  a  life 
of  so  much  glory,  reproach,  art,  wealth, 
and  ostentation  I  He  had  just  named  ten 
members  for  the  new  parliament.  Next 
Tuesday  that  parliament  is  to  meet — and 
a  deep  game  it  has  to  play  !  few  parlia- 
ments a  greater.  The  world  is  in  amaz6 
here  that  no  account  is  arrived  from  Ame- 
rica of  the  result  of  their  General  Con- 
gress;— if  any  is  come  it  is  very  BCtrti ; 
and  that  has  no  favourable  aspect.  The 
combination  and  spirit  there  seem  to  be 
universal,  and  is  very  alarming.  I  am  the 
humble  servant  of  events,  and  you  k^OW 
never  meddle  with  prophecy.  It  Would 
be  difficult  to  descry  good  omens,  be  the 
issue  what  it  will.  The  old  French  I'&r- 
liament  is  restored  with  great  €ctat. 
Monsieur  de  Maurepas,  author  of  the 
revolution,  was  received  one  night  at  the 
Opera  with  boundless  shouts  of  applause. 
It  is  even  said  that  the  mob  intended, 
when  the  King  should  gd  to  hold  the  Ht 
de  justice,  to  draw  his  (joaeh.  How  sin- 
gular it  would  be  if  Wilkes's  case  should 
be  copied  for  a  King  of  France !  Do  you 
think  Rousseau  was  in  the  right,  when 
he  said  that  he  conld  tell  what  would  be 
the  manners  Of  any  capital  city,  from  cer- 
tain given  li^ts  ?  I  don't  know  what  he 
may  do  on  Constantinople  and  Pekin — 
but  Paris  9xA  London  1  I  don't  believe 
Voltaire  likes  these  changes.  I  have  seen 
nothing  of  his  writing  for  many  months  ; 
not  even  on  the  poisoning  Jesuits.  For 
tna  part,  I  repeat  it,  we  shall  contribute 
noticing  to  the  Histoire  des  Mmurs,  not 
fat  want  of  materials,  but  for  want  of 
writers.    We  have  oomedies  without  no- 


*  She  was  Privy  Purse  to  the  Princess  0owager,  over  whom  she  had  expected  much 
influence ;  but,  meddling  too  much;  was  diigraoed. 
t  Duchess  of  Cwuberland. 


1843.]  WaJpoh*8  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Manfi. 


!24S 


veHrf^  groM  Sfttifeitf  withoat  StltigS)  tteta- 
physical  cdc^quen^e,  &n4  8ftti<{liaHfttis  that 
discoter  bcfthmg.* 

Boeottlm  in  crasso  jiirares  aere  hatos  I 

Don't  tell  me  I  um  grown  old  and  peevish 
aird  iut^rciHoui^— =-iiailDe  the  g&nitificis  of 
1774^  and  I  stibniit.  Th6  next  AngnstiEn 
age  Will  dawn  on  ^e  other  ride  of  the 
Atlantic.  There  will  perhaps  be  a  Tbu- 
cydides  ki  Boston,  a  Xenophon  at  New 
Yofk,f  and»  in  time,  k  Virgil  at  litexico, 
and  a  Newton  at  Peru.  At  last,  some 
curious  traveller  from  Lima  will  visit 
ISngland,  and  give  a  descHption  of  the 


tuind  of  St.  Patd's,  like  th^  editions  Off 
Balbec  and  Palmyra ;'  but  am  I  not  pro- 
phesying, contrary  to  my  consnmmatd 
pnidenee,  and  castijig  horoscopes  of  ein« 
pirefl  like  RoHj^sean?  Ye0;  well,  I  will 
go  and  dream  of  my  visions.  *  *  • 
The  Eccleri^tical  Court,*  I  hear,  has  de- 
cided, tfnd  will  ptonounce,  that  the  person 
eonnnonly  eaUed .  Duchess  qt  Kingston  is 
a  certain  Mrs.  Hervey.  The  new  Lord 
fitbllahd  is  dead — sitay ;  you  must  tiot  be- 
lieve a  word  I  tell  jfou.  Truth  in  this 
climate  woii't  keep  ^wedt  fotif-and-twenty 
hours.  Lord  Bristol  says,  nothing  can  be 
done  against  th6  Duchess  of  ICingston.'' 

Th^  opcjtiitig  6f  the  Academy  atid  its  paintings,  in  the  yeftt  1 77^,  is 
gfteti  in  the  foltov^ing  lln^s  : 

**  I  dined  to-day  at  the  Exhibition  of     We  have  a  Swede,  one  Loutherbonrg,§ 


Picture  with  the  Royal  AcadeiniciatiS. 
We  do  not  b^at  Titian  or  Quido  yet* 
Zoffani  has  sent  over  a  wretched  Holy 
Family^  What  is  he  doing  ?  Does  he 
return  or  go  to  Russia,  as  they  say  ?  He 
18  the  Hogarth  of  Dutch  painting,  but, 
n<>  more  than  Hogarth^  can  shine  out  of 
his  own  Way^  He  might  have  drawn  the 
'  Holy  Fandly ''  well,-  if  be  had  seen  them 
M  «/a/«  quo.  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  is  a 
great  painted,  but,  unfortunately,  his  coi^ 
lours  seldom  stind  longer  than  crayons.^ 


who  would  paint  landscape  and  cattle  el« 
ceUently  if  he  did  not  in  every  jificture 
indulge  some  one  colour  inordinately. 
Horsey  dogs,  and  animals,  we  paint  ad- 
mirably, and  a  f&w  landscapes  well.  The 
prices  of  all  are  Outrageous,  and  the  num- 
bers of  professors  still  greater.  We  have 
an  American,  West,  who  deals  in  high 
history,  and  is  vastly  admired,  but  he  is 
heavier  than  Guercino,  and  has  Still  less 
grace,  and  is  very  inferior.  We  have 
almost  a  statuary  or  two,  ||  and  very  good 


*  Walpole  Might  allude  to  GaMck  and  CblffianM  regai-ds  coMediei,  td  Paul  White- 
head in  Satires,  and  to  Butke  hi  metaphysical  eloquence ;  and  for  the  anti^tiaried,  ie 
Messieurs  Pegge,  and  the  whole  body. — Rev. 

t  This  part  of  the  prophecy  has  been  verified  }  iot  Mr.  PreSc6tfd  Hkftorjr  ti  Fcfrdlf- 
nand  and  Isabella  is  written  in  a  spirit  and  style  worthy  of  Xenophon,  and  may  rank 
among  the  first  in  the  English  language.—- Rev. 

t  It  is  high  tBBe  to  correct  many  false  impressions  Which  tie  6mtent  in  the  world 
concerning  the  want  of  durability  in  the  colouring  of  Sir  Joshua.  Mr.  Walpole  him- 
self possessed  two  portraits  by  him  of  Lord  and  Lady  Waldegrave,  which  were  as 
perfect  as  when  fresh  from  the  easel ;  and  the  exhibition  of  his  works  this  year  in 
Pall  Mall  willy  it  is  to  be  hoped,  go  far  to  remove  a  prejudice  which  has  been  founded 
on  some  partidular  instances.  ''The  colouring  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  (says  Mr. 
Philips),  in  his  best  works^  combines  the  higl^est  qualities  of  Correggio  and  Titian 
with  the  brilliancy  and  luxuriance  of  the  Dutch  and  the  Flemish  schools,  deprived  of 
their  timidities.  The  common  error  that  his  colours  all  fail  t  ought  by  this  time  to  be 
entirely  effaced.  It  is  tod  true  that  this  is  the  case  with  the  colouring  of  many  pic- 
tures painted  by  him  during  a  short  period  of  his  life  ;  he  thought  that  he  had  dis- 
covered a  mode  of  rendering  colouring  more  vivid,  and  employed  it,  without  duly  con- 
sidering the  chemical  qualities  of  his  materials.  But  he  was  soon  made  acquainted 
with  the  mistake  he  had  committed,  re-assumed  his  durable  system,  with  increased 
beauty  and  vigour,  and  continued  to  employ  it  till  the  termination  of  his  valuable 
labours.'* — ^Vide  Lectures  on  Painting,  p.  372. 

§  When  the  name  of  Loutherbourg  is  mentioned,  we  always  recall  to  mind  the 
lines  of  our  esteemed  alid  venerable  friend  Mr.  Lisle  Bowles  s 

**  Artist,  I  own  thy  genius — but  the  touch 
May  be  too  restless,  and  the  glare  too  much ; 
And  sure  none  ever  saw  a  landscape  shine 
Basking  in  beams  of  such  a  sun  as  thine^ 
But  felt  a  fervid  dew  upon  his  phiz. 
And  panting cried^  **  Oh/  Lord,  how  hot  t|  is,"** 

H  Wilfon,  Banks^  NoUekens,  and  Bacon,  were  the  seo^tora  of  tlict  time,  of  wlMna 


U9 


Walpole*8  L^Hers  to  Sir  Horace  Mann, 


[Sept. 


and  more  pure.  We  have  private  houses 
that  cost  more  than  the  Palace  Pitti. 
Will  you  never  come  and  see  your  fine 
country  before  it  is  undone  ?  ** 


architects;  bat  as  Yanbrugh  dealt  in 
quarries,  and  Kent  in  lumber,  Adam,  our 
most  admired,  is  all  gingerbread,  fili- 
rraine,  and  ^n-painting.  Wyat,  less 
nshionable,  has  as  much  taste,  is  grander, 

We  mjike  our  last  extract  from  the  letters  describing  the  death  of  Wal- 
pole's  oldest  and  most  intimate  friend^  Mr.  Chute^  of  the  Vine,  in  Hamp- 
shire 5  he  was  also  the  friend  of  Gray>  and  from  his  house,  near  Basing- 
stoke, some  of  Gray*s  letters  are  dated.  His  character  will  be  best  given  in 
Walpole*s  own  words,  still  warm  with  the  glow  of  affection,  and  painting 
Strongly  the  severity  of  his  loss. 


"  This  fatal  year  (1776)  puts  to  the 
proof  the  nerves  of  my  friendship  I  I  was 
disappointed  of  seeing  you  when  I  had  set 
my  heart  on  it, — and  now  I  have  lost  Mr. 
Chute  I  It  is  a  heavy  blow ;  but  such 
strokes  reconcile  one*s-self  to  parting  with 
this  pretty  vision,  life  !  What  is  it,  when 
one  has  no  longer  those  to  whom  one 
0peaks  as  confidentially  as  to  one's  own 
soul  ?  Old  friends  are  the  great  blessing 
of  one's  latter  years — half  a  word  conveys 
one's  meaning.  They  have  memory  of 
the  same  events,  and  have  the  same  mode 
of  thinking.  Mr.  Chute  and  I  agreed 
invariably  in  our  principles  ;  he  was  my 
counsel  in  my  affairs,  was  my  oracle  in 
taste,  the  standard  to  whom  I  submitted 
my  trifles,  and  the  genius  that  presided 
over  poor  Strawberry !  His  sense  decided 
me  in  every  thing ;  his  wit  and  quickness 
'illuminated  every  thing.  I  saw  him 
oftener  than  any  man ;  to  him  in  every 
difficulty  I  had  recourse,  and  him  I  loved 


to  have  here,  as  our  friendship  was  so 
entire,  and  we  knew  one  another  so  en- 
tirely, that  he  alone  never  was  the  least 
constraint  to  me.  We  passed  many  hours 
together  without  saying  a  syllable  to  each 
other — for  we  were  both  above  ceremony. 
I  left  him  without  excusing  myself,  read 
or  vrrote  before  him,  as  if  he  were  not 
present.  Alas  I  alas  I  and  how  se^  pre- 
sides even  in  our  grief  I  I  am  lamenting 
myself,  not  him  !  no,  I  am  lamenting  my 
other  self.  Half  is  gone ;  the  other  re- 
mains solitary.  Age  and  sense  will  make 
me  bear  my  affliction  with  submission  and 
composure— but  for  ever — ^that  little  ybr 
ever  that  remains,  I  shall  miss  him.  My 
first  thought  will  always  be,  I  will  go  talk 
to  Mr,  Chute  on  thiSf — the  second,  alas  ! 
I  cannot:  and  therefore  judge  how  my 
life  is  poisoned  I  I  shall  only  seem  to  be 
staying  behind  one  who  has  set  out  a 
little  before  me.'' 


Here  follows  a  description  of  his  disease  and  death. 


"  And  why  should  I  lament  ?  His  eyes, 
always  short-sighted,  were  grown  dimmer, 
his  hearing  was  grown  imperfect,  his  hands 
were  all  chalk-stones  and  of  little  use,  his 
feet  very  lame — yet  how  not  lament  ?  The 
vigour  of  his  mind  was  strong  as  ever ; 
his  power  of  reasoning  clear  as  demon- 
stration ;  his  rapid  wit  astonishing  as  at 
forty,  about  which  time  you  and  I  knew 
him  first.  Even  the  impetuosity  of  his 
temper  was  not  abated,  and  all  his  hu- 
mane virtues  had  but  increased  with  his 
age.  He  was  grown  sick  of  the  world  ; 
saw  very,  very  few  persons;  submitted 
with  unparalleled  patience  to  all  his  suf- 
ferings; and,  in  five-and-thirty  years,  I 
never  once  saw  or  heard  him  complain  of 
fhem,  nor,  passionate  as  he  was,  knew 


him  fretftil.  His  impatience  seemed  to 
proceed  from  his  vast  sense,  not  from  his 
temper :  he  saw  every  thing  so  clearly 
and  immediately,  that  he  could  not  bear 
a  momentary  contradiction  from  folly  or 
defective  reasoning.  Sudden  contempt 
broke  out,  particularly  on  politics,  which, 
having  been  fixed  in  him  by  a  most  sensi- 
ble father,  and  matured  by  deep  reflection, 
were  rooted  in  his  inmost  soul.  His 
truth,  integrity,  honour,  spirit,  and  ab- 
horrence of  all  dirt,  confirmed  his  con- 
tempt ;  and  even  I,  who  am  pretty  warm 
and  steady,  was  often  forced  to  break  off 
politics  with  him,  so  impossible  was  it  to 
be  zealous  enough  to  content  him  when  I 
most  agreed  with  him.  Nay,  if  I  dis- 
puted with  him,  I  learnt  something  from 


nounced  without  the  respect  due  to  one  of  the  first  of  our  native  sculptors.  At  the 
sale  of  his  models,  Mrs.  Siddons  and  Flaxman  were  seated  near  the  auctioneer,  when 
he  expatiated  on  the  beauty  of  an  antique  figure  which  stood  beneath  his  hammer, 
saying,  *'  Behold  where  the  deceased  artist  found  some  of  his  beauties."  '*  Sir," 
exclaimed  Flaxman,  with  more  warmth  than  was  usual,  "  you  do  Mr.  Banks  much 
wrong,  he  wanted  no  assistance."  In  one  of  his  lectures  Flaxman  said,  that  **  B^nks 
fSKceUed  most,  if  not  all,  his  coAtinental  contemporaries." 


1843.] 


Syon  MonoBtery, 


24T 


him,  and  always  saw  truth  in  a  stronger 
and  more  summary  light.  His  possession 
of  the  quintessence  of  argument  reduced 
it  at  once  into  axioms,  and  the  clearness 
of  his  ideas  struck  out  flashes  of  the 
brightest  wit.  He  saw  so  suddenly  and 
so  far,  that,  as  Mr.  Bentley  said  of  him 
long  ago,  his  wit  strikes  the  more  you 
analyse  it,  and  more  than  at  first  hear- 
ing ;  he  jumps  over  two  or  three  inter- 
mediate  ideas,  and  couples  the  first  with 
the  third  or  fourth.  Don't  wonder  I 
pour  out  my  heart  to  you ;  you  knew  him, 
and  know  how  faithfiUly  true  all  I  say  of 
him.  My  loss  is  most  irreparable.  To 
me  he  was  the  most  faithful  and  secure 
of  friends,  and  a  delightful  companion.  I 
shall  not  seek  to  replace  him.  Can  I  love 
any  that  are  old,  more  than  I  have  had 
reason  for  loving  them  ?  and  is  it  possible 
to  love  younger,  as  one  loved  an  habitual 
old  friend  of  thirty-five  years'  standing  ? 
I  have  young  relations  that  may  grow 
upon  me,  for  my  nature  is  affectionate, 
but  can  they  grow  old  friends  ?  My  age 
forbids  that.  Still  less  can  they  grow 
companions.  Is  it  friendship  to  explain 
half  one  says  ?  One  must  relate  the  his- 
tory of  one's  memory  and  ideas ;  and  what 
is  that  to  the  young,  but  old  stories  ?  No, 
my  dear  sir,  you  could  be  that  resource. 


but  I  must  not  think  of  it— I  must  not 
be  selfish.  I  must  do  what  I  ought  to 
do,  while  I  remain  here ;  pass  my  time  as 
amusingly  as  I  can  ;  enjoy  the  friends  I 
have  left ;  drink  my  grief  in  silence — it  is 
too  sincere  for  parade ;  and  what  cares 
the  world  about  my  private  sensations? 
Or  what  has  an  old  man  to  do  but  to  be 
forgotten  ;  and  to  remember  how  soon  he 
will  be  so  ?  Forgive  this  expansion  of  my 
heart ;  it  was  necessary  to  me.  I  will  not 
often  mention  poor  Mr.  Chute  even  to 
you.  His  loss  is  engraven  on  my  soul, 
and  real  grief  does  not  seek  for  applause. 
Could  the  world's  plaudit  comfort  me,  sit 
with  me,  hear  me,  advise  me  ?  Did  it 
know  Mr.  Chute's  worth  as  well  as  I  did  ? 
Does  it  love  me  as  well  ?  When  it  does, 
I  will  beg  its  compassion.  I  have  done, 
and  will  now  show  you  that  I  am  master 
of  myself,  and  remember  you,  and  con* 
sider  that  at  this  distance  of  time  yoa 
cannot  feel  what  I  do,  and  must  b& 
anxious  about  public  affairs.  If  I  in- 
dulged my  own  feelings,  I  should  forswear 
thinking  of  the  public.  He  is  gone  to 
whom  I  ran  with  every  scrap  of  news  I 
heard;  but  I  promised  to  forget  myself: 
I  will  go  take  a  walk,  shed  a  tear,  and  re» 
turn  to  you  more  composed." 


SYON  MONASTERY. 
(With  a  Plate.) 


THE  monastery  of  Syon  was  founded 
by  Henry  V.  in  1415,  within  his 
manor  of  Isleworth,  co.  Middlesex. 
It  was  the  only  house  in  England  of 
the  modified  order  of  St.  Augustine, 
as  reformed  by  St.  Bridget.  It  con- 
sisted of  85  persons,  answering  to  the 
13  apostles  (including  St.  Paul),  and 
72  disciples ;  viz.  60  nuos,  of  whom 
one  was  abbess,  13  priests,  one  of 
whom  was  to  be  confessor- general ; 
four  deacons,  representing  the  four 
doctors  of  the  church,  Ambrose,  Au- 
gustine, Gregory,  and  Jerome ;  and  8 
lay  brethren,  in  all  25  men.  The 
monastery  was  dissolved  in  1539  by 
Henry  Vlil.;  who  retained  theproperty 
in  his  own  hands  ;  but  in  the  first  of 
Edw.  VI.  the  Protector  Somerset  ac- 
quired it  by  royal  grant ;  on  his  at- 
tainder the  house  and  estate  were  con- 
fiscated to  the  crown  ;  and  in  the 
next  year  were  granted  to  John  Dudley 
duke  of  Northumberland. 

The  fate  of  the  religious  community 
of  the  monastery  of  Syon  is  singular 
and  interesting. 


After  their  first  dissolation  by  Henry 
VIII.  the  nuns  of  Syon  had  resided  at 
Dermond  in  Flanders,  where  Cardinal 
Pole  found  them ;  and  at  his  recom- 
mendation they  were  restored  to  their 
monastery  at  Syon ;  but  the  enjoy- 
ment of  their  possessions  was  of  short 
duration,  for  on  the  accession  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  the  house  at  Syon  was 
again  dissolved.  The  nuns  did  not 
separate  ;  but  returned  to  Dermond  ia 
Flanders,  where  they  lived  for  some 
years,  but  being  greatly  impoverished^ 
Philip  II.  granted  them  a  pension. 
At  the  same  time  (1563),  the  Duchess 
of  Parma,  Regent  of  Flanders,  assigned 
them  a  monastery  in  Zealand.  They 
remained  there  till  1568,  when  they 
removed  to  Brabant,  where  they  dwelt 
four  or  five  years.  The  Protestants 
annoying  them,  they  fied  to  Antwerp^ 
where  they  remained  a  year,  and  were 
removed  to  Mechlin,  where  they  lived 
seven  years  under  the  protection  of  Sir 
Francis  Englefield.  They  remained 
at  Mechlin  until  it  was  taken  by  the 
Prince  of  Orange^  when  they  went  to 


248 


Sffon  Monastery, 


[Sept* 


Antwerp,  and  then  fled  to  Rouen, 
where  they  resided  some  time,  and  were 
much  inconvenienced  during  the  siege 
of  that  city  by  Henry  IV.  They  there- 
fore determined  to  leave  Rouen  ;  and 
arrived  at  Lisbon,  2d  May,  1594. 

In  1651  both  church  and  monastery 
were  burnt  to  the  ground,  and  in  1656 
they  returned  to  their  monastery  after 
it  was  rebuilt.  The  monastery  suffered 
much,  in  common  with  the  whole  city, 
during  the  dreadful  earthquake  at 
Lisbon,  in  1756. 

An  interesting  picture  of  this  re- 
ligious society  as  it  existed  in  1760  is 
exhibited  by  Baretti,  in  his  "Journey 
from  London  to  Genoa." 

'^  It  is  called  the  English  nunnery,  be- 
Cjiuse  no  girl  is  admitted  in  it  but  what  is 
horn  a  si:£ject  of  England.  It  consists  of 
little  more  than  20.  The  chief  anxiety 
of  the  community  is  to  keep  their  number 
full.  They  are  liberal  to  every  body  of 
chocolate,  cakes,  and  sweetmeats.  Nuns 
in  all  countries  are  soft  and  obliging 
speakers ;  but  these  are  certainly  the 
softest  and  most  obliging  thajb  ever  fell  in 
my  way. 

"  Not  a  syllable  issued  from  their  lips 
but  what  was  dictated  by  modesty  and 
meekness,  humility  and  benevolence. 
The  King  allows  them  such  a  sum  as 
enables  them  to  nnd  themselves  in  victuals, 
linen,  and  raiment.  Yet  life,  even  by  re- 
cluse women,  cannot  be  passed  very 
comfortably  with  mere  necessaries,  and 
some  addition  is  wanting  to  keep  it  ^m 
stagnating.  These  minute  superfluities, 
which  the  French  call  douceurs,  are  left 
entirely  to  their  industry;  and  these 
they  procure  partly  by  work,  »nd  partly 
by  making  trifling  presents,  which  are 
often  returned  with  liberality.  Some  have 
small  pensions  paid  by  their  friends,  and 
whatever  is  got  by  one  is  shared  by  all." 

These  nuns  continued  as  a  com- 
munity at  Lisbon  till  1809^  when  a 
separation  appears  to  have  taken  place. 
Some  of  them  sought  refuge  in  England^ 
and  were  kindly  received  by  Marlow 
Sidney,  esq.  of  Cowper  Hall,  John 
Gage,  esq.  (after  Rokewode),  and  other 
friends.  They  resided  first  at  Walworth, 
then  at  Peckham,  but,  their  school  not 
succeeding,  they  separated. 

The  nuns  who  remained  at  Lisbon 
underwent  many  privations,  the  con- 
vent having  been  converted  into  an 
hospital  for  the  English  army ;  but 
after  the  peace,  recovering  their  landed 
property,  they  were  comparatively  in 
easy  circumstances,  when  they  were 
again  joined  by  several  English  ladies. 
3 


The  convent  is  still  existing,  and 
a  view  of  its  exterior  is  exhibited  in 
the  annexed  Plate. 

List  of  the  present  communitp :  Abbess, 
Mary  Magdalen  Smith.  Prioress,  Ann 
Bridget  Springfellow.  Sisters,  Con- 
stantia  Sorrell,  Winifred  Terej^a  Smith, 
Mary  Bernard  Eccles,  Mary  EUlen  Law- 
less, Mary  Lucy  Richmond,  Catharine 
Eliz.  Bnrchall,  Mary  Winifred  Roper, 
Eliz.  Clare  Coulston.  Lay  Sisters,  Mary 
Agatha  Carter,  Mary  Barbara  Carter, 
Anne  Agnes  CUffe. 

**  The  sisters  have  a  portrait  of  their 
founder  Henry  V.  supposed  to  have  been 
brought  from  England.  They  have  also 
a  book,  entitled,  A  Catalogue  of  the  Dead, 
both  brothers^  sisters,  and  benefactors,  in 
the  Monastery  of  Syon,  from  the  first 
founder  down  to  the  present  time,  which 
is  read  every  morning  in  the  Chapter 
House." 

**  On  the  second  dissolution  by  Queen 
Elizabeth,  the  nuns  took  away  with  them 
not  only  what  treasure  they  could  carry, 
but  likewise  *  the  keys  of  Syon  House, 
and  the  iron  cross  from  the  top  of  the 
church,  by  way  of  keeping  up  their  claim 
to  this  their  possession.  These  they  con. 
veyed  with  them  in  all  their  changes  of 
habitation,  and  still  retain  at  their  pre- 
sent house  of  Syon  in  Lisbon.'  The 
late  Duke  of  Northumberland  paid  the 
nuns  a  visit  at  Lisbon,  and  presented  them 
with  a  model  in  silver  of  Syon  House  at 
Isleworth.  They  told  him  they  still  had 
the  keys  of  Syon  House :  *  But,'  said 
the  Duke,  *  I  have  altered  the  locks  since 
then.* " 

The  history  of  the  estate  and  build- 
ings  at  Isleworth,  from  the  dissolu- 
tion by  Elizabeth,  is  shortly  told. 
It  seems  to  have  been  retained  by 
the  queen  in  her  own  hands,  and  she 
appointed  Sir  F.  Knollys  keeper  for 
life.  In  1604,  James  I.  granted  Syon 
House,  &c.  to  the  Earl  of  Northumber- 
land, in  whose  representatives,  through 
female  heiresses,  it  has  descended  to 
its  present  noble  owner. 

%*  For  the  preceding  particulars,  as 
well  as  for  the  use  of  the  Plate,  we  are 
indebted  to  Mr.  Aungier's  History  of 
Syon  Monastery  and  Isleworth ;  in  which 
valuable  work  will  be  found  very  ample 
details  relative  to  the  monastery,  in- 
cluding the  rule  of  St.  Saviour,  charters, 
seals,  &c.,  as  also  many  minute  and  in- 
teresting particulars  of  the  peregrinations 
and  personal  treatment  of  the  Bridgetine 
nuns,  ft'om  the  time  of  their  departure 
from  England  to  their  final  settlement  a^ 
Lisbon.  Edit. 


249 


Memoir  oi^  Major-Gen.  Thomas  Dundas,  and  the  Expedition  to 

GUADALOUPE    IN    1794:    BY   HeNRY   J.    BrADFIELD,    £sQ. 

(Continued  from  p.  160.) 


On  or  about  the  5th  June  an  arma- 
ment arrived  from  France,  consisting 
of  two  frigates,  one  corvette,  two  forty- 
fours,  armed  "  en  flute,"  and  two 
other  ships,  with  about  1,500  troops 
on  board.  They  instantly  landed  on 
Grand  Terre,  and,  after  two  unsuc- 
cessful efforts,  succeeded  in  their 
attack  on  fort  Fleurd'Ep^e,  which  they 
carried  by  storm. 

The  Commander  in  Chief,  Sir  Charles 
Grey,  having  received  this  intelligence 
at  St  Christopher's,  made  all  sail  from 
thence,  and  on  the  afternoon  of  the  7th 
arrived  at  Basse  Terre  with  reinforce- 
ments. At  daybreak  on  the  9th  the 
French,  after  having  hoisted  their 
colours,  opened  their  fire  from  fort 
Fleur  d'Epee  and  the  battery  at  Gro- 
sier  on  the  fleet,  but  without  much 
damage. 

On  the  morning  of  the  11th  the 
enemy  crossed  the  river  Salee  to  Basse 
Terre,  and  took  post  at  Berville,  a 
fine  plantation  belonging  to  a  gentle- 
man of  that  name,  when  they  instantly 
set  fire  to  the  hottse,  destroyed  the  mills, 
sugar  works,  storehouses,  and  other  pro- 
perty,  to  a  very  large  amount. 

On  the  13th,  at  eleven  o'clock  at 
night.  Brigadier- General  Francis  Dun- 
das  attacked  the  enemy  with  the  1st 
light  infantry  under  Major  Ross,  the 
39th  under  Major  Morgan,  and  a  de- 
tachment of  artillery,  with  two  field 
pieces.  The  attack  was  so  sudden  and 
determined  that  the  French  fled  in  the 
utmost  confusion,  leaving  179  dead  on 
the  field,  while  our  loss  amounted  to 
but  seven  killed,  and  twelve  wounded; 
the  enemy's  camp,  colours,  baggage, 
and  ammunition,  with  one  gun,  falling 
into  the  hands  of  the  British. 

On  the  19th  General  Grey  once  more 
landed  on  Grand  Terre  about  six  miles 
from  Grosier,  which  place  he  captured, 
driving  the  enemy  towards  fort  Fleur 
d'Epee,  who,  in  their  retreat,  destroyed 
the  houses  and  sugar  works  which  lay 
in  their  road. 

On  the  26th  the  enemy  made  an 
unsuccessful  sortie  from  fort  Fleur 
d'Epee.  Several  skirmishes  now  daily 
took  place  on  both  sides,  till  on  the 

Gbnt.  Maq,  Vol.  XX. 


29th  the  French  made  another  sortie, 
with  about  1,000  men,  but  which,  after 
some  severe  fighting,  was  repulsed 
with  considerable  loss  on  the  part  of 
the  enemy,  while  the  loss  of  the  British 
amounted  to  30  killed  and  wounded, 
among  the  former  Lieut.  Toosey  of  the 
65th,  and  of  the  latter  Capt.  de  Rivigne 
of  the  artillery.  Brigadier-General 
Fisher  was  hit  three  times  by  grape 
shot,  and  his  horse  killed  under  him. 

The  rainy  season  having  now  al- 
ready set  in,  and  the  hurricane  months 
approaching,  the  Commander-in-Chief 
was  determined  to  make  an  effort  to 
finish  the  campaign.  His  success  in 
the  two  last  engagements,  and  the 
excellent  manner  in  which  he  had 
planned  his  attack,  led  him  to  antici- 
pate a  glorious  result. 

A  large  body  of  troops  under  General 
Symes  were  to  march  during  the  night 
and  make  themselves  masters  of  the 
heights  around  the  town  of  Point  k 
Pitre,  while  himself,  at  the  head  of 
the  rest  of  the  army,  was  to  storm 
fort  Fleur  d'Epee  on  seeing  a  precon- 
certed signal  from  General  Symes ; 
but  from  some  unfortunate  misunder- 
standing the  whole  of  the  General's 
well-organized  plan  failed,  with  the 
almost  total  destruction  of  the  forces 
employed. 

Instead  of  the  heights  being  at- 
tempted the  greater  part  of  the  troops 
and  the  seamen  entered  the  town,  when 
they  were  mowed  down  by  the  grape 
shot,*'  which  played  upon  them  in 
every  direction,  as  well  as  musketry 
from  the  windows  of  the  houses. 

General  Symes  had  his  horse  shot 
under  him,  while  he  himself  was  badly 
wounded,  of  which  wound  he  shortly 
afterwards  died.  Colonel  Gomm,  who 
led  the  light  infantr3%  with  several 
other  officers,  were  killed,  and  many 

*  One  of  the  French  frigates  in  the 
harbour  did  great  execution ;  hj  a  single 
discharge  of  grape  shot  three  officers  and 
thirty-six  privates  of  light  infantry  were 
killed.  They  had  been  unfortunately 
drawn  up  in  a  street  effectually  com^ 
manded  by  her  gnns. 

2  K 


250 


ExpedUion  to  Omdaloupe  in  1 794. 


[Sept. 


more  desperately  wounded,  while  Cap- 
tain Robinson,  who  commanded  the 
seamen,  was  blown  up.* 

When  the  remains  of  the  unfortu- 
nate detachment  got  back  to  Mascot, t 
General  Grey  found  it  in  vain  to  at- 
tempt any  thing  against  Fleur  d'Ep^e, 
he  oeing  obliged  to  detach  the  2nd 
battalion  of  grenadiers  to  cover  the 
retreat,  and  his  troops  being  all  so 
much  reduced  and  exhausted ;  yet 
from  the  effect  of  the  batteries  he  had 
erected  to  cover  the  attack  on  fort 
Fleur  d'Ep^e,  which  opened  on  that 
fort  in  the  evening,  there  could  have 
been  no  doubt  of  success  had  not  the 
above-related  misfortune  taken  place. 

The  loss  in  killed,  wounded,  and 
missing,  amounted  to  38  officers,  43 
Serjeants,  and  611  privates. 

It  being  totally  impossible  to  attempt 
anything  further  at  this  season,  on  the 
same  night  the  General  re-embarked 
his  cannon  and  mortars,  and  in  two 
days  got  off  the  whole  of  his  troops 
without  loss,  and,  after  strengthening 
his  posts  at  Basse  Terre,  he  embarked 
for    Martinique,    till    the   hurricane 

*  Captain  Bamet  of  the  43rd,  who  had 
led  his  company  of  grenadiers  into  the 
town,  was  blown  up  at  the  time  Captain 
Bobertsoa  was  killed.  His  clothes  bdng 
on  fire  were  palled  off  by  his  brother 
officers;  his  &ce  and  hands  being  ren- 
dered entirely  black  by  the  explosion.  In 
this  situation  he  first  received  a  musket 
ball  which  broke  his  arm,  and  was  then 
met  by  his  own  grenadiers,  whOf  taking 
him  for  one  qf  the  French  blackSf  attacked 
him  with  charged  bayonets,  and  wounded 
him  in  three  places  before  he  could  make 
himself  known  to  them.  The  instant, 
however,  they  discovered  their  mistake, 
they  expressed  the  utmost  horror  and  con- 
trition, andbroughtoff  this  excellent  officer 
in  their  arms,  who,  notwithstanding  the 
dreadful  situation  he  was  in,  eventually 
survived.  lieut.  Conway  of  the  60th  was 
also  blown  up,  and  afterwards  continued 
to  lead  on  his  men,  and  encourage  them, 
tm  he  fell  mortally  wounded  by  a  musket 
ball  though  his  body. 

t  General  Grey  was  waiting  on  the 
haigbts  for  Brigadier-General  Symes*s 
iignal  of  his  having  succeeded  in  taking 
the  heights  near  Point  &  Pitre,  having  the 
Snd  bittalion  of  grenadiers,  the  65th 
r«|dment,  six  companies  at  Grand  Terre, 
ana  the  second  battalion  of  seamen,  com- 
manded by  Captain  Sawyer,  ready  to  at* 
t«ok  fort  Fleur  d*Ep^  by  storm. 


months  should  be  over,  leaving  Bri- 
gadier-General Colin  Graham  in  com- 
mand.| 

The  Commanders-in-Chief  of  the 
French  land  and  sea  forces  having  died 
from  fever,  the  cruel  and  notorious 
Victor  Hugues  §  now  took  the  com- 

t  Among  the  many  causes  of  uneasiness 
that  at  this  period  depressed  the  Com- 
mander-in-CMef,  (by  the  failure  of  tiieir 
well-concerted  plans,  the  dreadful  mor- 
tality among  the  troops,  and  the  despair  of 
reinforcements  arriving  from  England,) 
the  misconduct  of  one  high  in  estimation 
as  an  officer,  and  hitherto  looked  upon  as 
a  man  of  strict  Integrity,  was  not  the 
least  galling. 

At  the  takmg  of  St.  Lucia  Colonel  Sir 
Charles  Gordon,  who  had  repeatedly  dis- 
tinguished himself  by  his  gallant  conduct, 
was  appointed  governor  of  that  island,  and 
in  the  last  promotion  was  raised  to  the 
rank  of  Brigadier-GeneraL  Soon  after 
this  some  very  unpleasant  reports  pre* 
vailed  of  extortions  and  pec«}ations  hy 
him ;  taking  bribes  of  the  inhabitanti 
who  were  supposed  to  be  disaffected  in 
order  to  suffer  them  to  remain  in  the 
island,  and  then  breaking  his  word  with 
them.  At  length  a  regular  complaint  was 
laid  before  the  Commander-in-Chief,  who 
instantly  ordered  a  court  martial  to  be 
summoned,  and  sent  an  offieer  to  St. 
Lucia,  to  arrest  Sir  Charles  Gordon,  and 
convey  him  to  Martinique  for  trial.  At 
this  time  the  fever  raged  so  violently  that 
the  two  first  courts  martial  that  met  on 
this  business  were  dissolved  by  the  death 
of  a  majority  of  the  members.  At  length, 
to  prevent  a  similar  occurrence,  the  Gene- 
ral appointed  a  greater  number  of  officers 
to  attend,  and  the  trial  proceeded.  The 
result  was  the  prisoner  was  found  guilty, 
and  sentenced  ''  to  refund  the  money  he 
had  extorted,  and  adjudged  incapable  of 
serving  his  Majesty  again,''  but  was 
allowed  to  sell  his  commission. 

§  So  much  has  been  said  and  written 
respecting  this  man  that  it  may  not  be 
uninteresting  to  the  reader  to  be  informed 
of  his  origin  and  pursuits  previous  to  his 
active  career  in  Guadaloupe. 

Victor  Hugues  was  originally  a  petty 
inn-keeper  at  Basse  Terre,  Guadaloupe, 
from  which  he  was  driven  for  some  mis- 
demeanour, and  became  master  of  a  small 
trading  vessel  at  St.  Domingo,  then  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  French  navy,  and  after- 
wards a  deputy  in  the  National  Assembly, 
from  whence  he  went  out  to  the  West 
Indies  as  commissioner,  with  controlling 
powers  over  the  commanders  of  the  army 
and  navy.    His  abilities  wero  certainly 


1843.] 


Bapet&Um  to  GuadaJatg^  k  1 794. 


951 


mand,  and>  is  consequence  of  his  late 
success,  his  ranks  were  joined  by 
thousands  of  blacks  and  mnlattoes, 
who  flocked  to  his  standard,  while,  on 
the  part  of  the  British,  disease  and  death 
made  dreadful  havoc  in  their  ranks. 
The  remains  of  the  2nd  battalion  of 
grenadiers,  consisting  of  only  70  rank 
and  file,  were  ordered  to  Goadaloupe 
to  relieve  the  flank  companies  of  the 
15th  and  64th.  Several  companies 
coold  not  produce  a  single  man  fit  for 
duty,  while  the  43rd  could  not  afford 
a  corporal  and  three  men  at  night  for 
the  protection  of  their  own  camp.  The 
greater  part  of  the  town  of  Petit  Bourg 
was  converted  into  hospitals  for  the 
sick,  and  such  was  the  state  of  even 
the  officers,  that  field  officers  were 
obliged  to  mount  captain's  guard, 
while  the  70  grenadiers  that  last  ar- 
rived were,  in  three  weeks,  reduced  to 
20  men. 

In%this  deplorable  state  of  our  troops 
the  enemy  from  Point  k  Pitre  and  Fort 
Louis  embarked  a  large  body  of  troops, 
and,  under  cover  of  the  dark  night, 
passed  our  ships  of  war  un perceived, 
and  landed  on  Basse  Terre.  After 
taking  possession  of  the  two  posts  in 
the  vicinity  of  which  they  landed,  viz. 
Bay  Mahault  and  Gabarre,  they  made 
their  appearance  in  sight  of  the  Eng- 
lish camp. 

The  enemy  on  taking  possession  of 
Petit  Bourg  exercised  the  most  un- 
heard-of cruelties  on  the  unfortunate 
sick  in  the  hospitals,  putting  all  whom 
they  captured  to  the  sword.  From 
the  hospitals  to  the  wharf  was  a  con- 
tinued scene  of  misery  and  horror, 
being  strewed  with  the  bodies  of  the 
sick,  who  were  barbarously  put  to 
death  as  they  were  crawling  to  the 
shore  in  hopes  of  escaping  in  the  boats. 

The  enemy  next  took  Point  Bac- 
chus, where  Colonel  Drummond  of 
the  43rd,  and  his  party  of  royalists, 
were  taken  prisoners.* 

good,  his  courage  and  perseverance  un- 
doubted, but,  from  the  ferocity  qf  his 
character,  he  was  both  feared  and  hated. 
*  Colonel  Drummond  related  that  the 
Republicans  not  only  put  to  death  aU  the 
sick,  but  also  many  of  the  women  and 
children,  cutting  off  heads,  and  otherwise 
mutilating  their  bodies  ;  and  that  as  the 
men  who  surrendered  with  him  fainted  on 
the  mcrdi,  they  were  instantly  bayoneted. 
The  Colonel  himself  was,  by  particular 


On  the  29th  of  September,  in  the 
morning,  the  enemy  began  to  attack 
our  advanced  work ;  in  the  camp  of 
Berville  our  field- pieces  and  musketry 
opened  a  heavy  fire  upon  them,  and 
an  engagement  ensued,  which  conti- 
nued with  equal  fury  for  three  hours, 
when,  after  having  been  charged  a 
third  time  by  our  troops,  they  re- 
treated, leaving  on  the  field  700  men 
in  killed  and  wounded,  while  our  loss 
amounted  to  about  20. 

The  enemy  now,  by  two  skilful 
manoeuvres,  which  our  small  force 
was  totally  inadequate  to  oppose,  cut 
off  all  communication  between  the 
shipping  and  the  camp,  by  means  of  a 
large  flotilla  of  gun-boats. 

On  the  morning  of  the  30th  the 
enemy  renewed  their  attacks  on  the 
camp  of  Berville,  and  again  on  the  4th, 
bringing  their  hordes  to  the  charge  in 
perpetual  succession;  their  success, 
however,  was  the  same  as  on  the  first 
attack,  having  lost  during  the  three 
attacks,  on  a  moderate  computation, 
2,000  men. 

In  the  second  attack  General  Gra- 
ham was  wounded  by  a  musket  ball  in 
the  leg,  and  several  of  his  officers  fell.t 

directions  of  the  monster  Victor  HugueSy 
ordered  to  clean  the  prison-ship  in  turn 
with  the  others ;  but  from  this  degrading 
office  he  was  relieved  by  the  dutiful  at- 
tachment of  his  men,  who  would  not  per- 
mit it ;  his  food  and  lodging  were  the  same 
as  the  rest,  no  attention  being  paid  to  his 
rank;  but  from  the  respect  and  good 
behaviour  of  his  men  not  one  of  them 
would  desert  from  him.  A  great  number 
of  people  of  all  ages,  sex,  and  conditionSf 
were  condemned  to  the  guillotine  by  thia 
inexorable  tyrant,  all  of  whom  were  con- 
ducted in  boats  round  the  prison'Shipf  in 
order  to  distress  and  intimidate  the  British 
prisoners. 

t  In  one  of  these  attacks  Mens.  Ver- 
mont was  shot  through  the  body,  his 
Lieutenant,  Mons.  de  Lisle,  was  shot 
through  the  breast,  and  another  of  his 
officers  killed ;  but  in  this  situation  he 
beat  off  the  enemy.  This  gallant  but 
unfortunate  officer  was,  at  the  beginning 
of  the  Revolution,  possessed  of  a  good 
estate  near  Trois  Rivieres,  at  Basse  Terre, 
which  soon  made  him  an  object  of  Repub- 
lican vengeance ;  his  house  was  attacked* 
but  he  escaped  into  the  woods,  supposing 
that  his  amiable  wife  would  be  safe  from 
their  fury,  being  fiff  advanced  in  preg- 
nancy ;  butthemonstersy  not  regarding  her 


252 


Expedition  to  Guadeloupe  in  1794. 


[Sept. 


After  the  third  action  the  enemy 
sent  in  a  flag  of  truce,  offering  terms 
of  capitulation,  which  General  Graham 
in  a  spirited  manner  refused.  The 
officers,  however,  waited  on  the  general, 
and  stated  that  the  troops,  reduced  by 
sickness  and  fatigue,  were  no  longer 
able  to  undergo  the  duty  which  now 
pressed  so  heavily  on  them,  and  were 
so  harassed  as  to  be  totally  incapable 
of  resisting  another  attack,  and  which 
the  enemy  promised  to  make  on  them 
the  following  morning.  General  Gra- 
ham, therefore,  reconsidering  the  mat- 
ter, consented  to  send  a  flag  to  the 
enemy,  and  after  some  time  the  terms 
of  capitulation  were  agreed  to;  but, 
alas !  the  unfortunate  Royalists  were 
not  included,  though  the  General  en- 
deavoured all  in  his  power  to  make 
terms  for  them ;  he  succeeded,  how- 
ever, thus  far,  to  have  permission  to 
send  a  covered  boat  to  the  Boyne,  in 
which  he  embarked  25  Royalist  officers ; 
but  their  unfortunate  brethren  to  the 
number  of  300,  who  had  defended  their 
posts  to  the  last  with  the  most  un- 
daunted and  determined  resolution, 
were  doomed  to  suffer  death  by  the 
hands  of  their  Republican  brethren  in 
cold  blood,  and  in  a  manner  hitherto, 
I  believe,  unheard  of,  at  least  unre- 
corded, in  the  annals  of  the  most  savage 
and  abandoned  people.*     Humanity 

situation,  put  her  to  deaths  with  circum- 
stances  of  barbarity  too  dreadfdl  to  relate, 
and  such  as  would  fill  every  Briton's 
heart  with  horror  I  His  aged  mother  also, 
and  beautiful  sister,  shared  the  same  fate. 
He  was  taken  and  thrown  into  prison  in 
Fort  Matilda,  to  reserve  him  for  a  public 
spectacle  on  the  guillotine,  when  the 
British  arrived  and  released  him  from 
thence  by  the  capture  of  the  island. 

*  Their  conduct  previous  to  and  since  the 
enemy  attacked  the  camp  deserved  a  better 
fate.  Finding  themselves  excluded  from 
the  terms  of  the  capitulation,  they  asked 
permission  to  cut  their  way  through  the 
enemy's  army,  by  which  a  few  of  them  at 
least  might  escape,  and  the  rest  meet  an 
honourable  death  ;  but  this  request  it  is 
said  was  refused ;  perhaps  it  was  believed 
that  on  their  capture  the  enemy  might 
relent,  and  not  put  their  sanguinary  threats 
into  execution.  Ten  of  these  unfortunate 
men  hastened  to  the  shore  in  hopes  of 
getting  on  board  the  covered  boat,  but, 
being  disappointed,  and  aware  of  the  fate 
that  attended  them,  they  instantly  shot 
themselves  on  ^e  beach.    On  hearing  of 


must  shudder  at  the  idea :  the  Repub- 
licans erected  a  guillotine,  with  which 
they  struck  off  the  heads  of  50  of  them ! 
Thinking,  however,  this  mode  of  pro- 
ceeding too  tedious,  they  invented  a 
more  summary  plan  ;  they  tied  the 
remainder  of  these  unhappy  men  fast 
together,  and  placed  them  on  the  brink 
of  the  trenches  which  they  had  so 
gallantly  defended ;  they  then  drew  up 
some  of  their  undisciplined  recruits  in 
front,  who,  firing  an  irregular  volley 
at  their  miserable  victims,  killed  some, 
wounded  others,  and  some,  in  all  pro- 
bability, were  untouched ;  the  weight, 
however,  of  the  former,  dragged  the 
rest  into  the  ditch,  where  the  living, 
the  wounded,  and  the  dead,  shared 
the  same  grave,  the  soil  being  instantly 
thrown  upon  them. 

The  English  troops  were  to  be  al- 
lowed to  march  out  with  the  honours 
of  war,  and  to  be  embarked  on  board 
the  French  ships,  which  were  to  sail 
for  England  tvithin  21  days  after  the 
surrender,  on  condition  that  they  were 
not  to  serve  against  the  French  during 
the  war.f  The  following  is  a  copy  of 
the  capitulation : 

ARTICLES   OF   CAPITULATION. 

Camp  ofBerville, 

Art.  1 . — That  in  consideration  of  the 
gallant  defence  the  garrison  has  made, 
they  shall  be  allowed  the  honours  of  war. 

Answer. — granted. 

Art.  2. — That  the  inhabitants  of  the 
island,  now  co-operating  with  the  army, 
whether  white  or  free  people  of  colour, 
being  British  subjects,  having  taken  the 
oath  of  allegiance  to  his  Britannic  Majesty, 
shall  be  considered  and  treated  as  such. 

Answer. — Not  admissible ;  but  a  covered 
boat  shall  be  allowed  to  the  general,  which 
shall  be  held  sacred. 

Art  3. — That  the  troops,  and  such  of 
the  inhabitants,  as  do  not  wish  to  become 
subjects  of  the  French  Republic,  shall  be 
sent  to  Great  Britain,  as  soon  as  tran- 
sports can  be  provided  for  that  purpose. 

Answer. — The  troops  shall  be  sent  to 
England  as  soon  as  transports  are  ready ; 
but  as  to  the  inhabitants  it  is  answered  in 
Article  2. 

this  melabcholy  affair  General  Grey  pub- 
lished an  order  that  did  equal  honour  to 
his  head  and  heart. 

t  This  part  of  the  agreement  was  not 
complied  with,  and  they  remained  prisoners 
for  more  than  a  year  afterwards,  during 
which  time  many  of  them  died. 


18430 


ExpedUion  to  Guadaloupe  in  1794. 


253 


Art.  4. — That  the  baggage  of  the 
officers  and  the  inhabitants  in  camp 
shall  be  allowed  to  them. 

Answer. — The  troops  shall  be  allowed 
their  baggage. 

Art.  5. — That  the  sick  and  wounded, 
who  cannot  be  sent  on  board  transports, 
shall  be  allowed  British  surgeons  to  at- 
tend them. 

Answer. — Agreed  to. 

Art.  6. — ^That  the  ordnance  and  stores 
of  every  denomination  shall  be  given  up 
in  their  present  state. 

Answer. — Agreed  to. 

Art.  7. — If  any  difficulties  in  settling 
the  above  shall  happen  hereafter,  they 
shall  be  amicably  adjusted  by  the  re- 
spective commanders. 

Answer. — Admitted. 
rSigned^  Colin  Graham,  Br.  General. 
(Signed)  Victor  Hugues. 
BerviUe,  Oct.  6th.  1794. 

A  great  quantity  of  arms  and  am- 
munition fell  fnto  the  hands  of  the 
enemy  at  this  camp,  and  at  Petit 
Bourg. 

Immediately  after  the  surrender  of 
Berville  Victor  Hugues  moved  to  the 
town  of  Basse  Terre,  now  our  last 
stake  in  the  island,  laying  waste  the 
plantations,  and  burning  the  beautiful 
seats  of  the  Royalists  as  he  passed 
along. 

Sir  John  Jervis,  who  had  made  every 
possible  attempt  to  succour  General 
Graham's  camp  at  Berville^  and  had 
been  an  unwilling  spectator  from  the 
fleet  of  the  surrender  of  that  camp  to 
the  enemy,  now  made  sail  for  Basse 
Terre,  to  render  every  assistance  in  his 
power  to  General  Prescott,  and  on  the 
9th  of  October  anchored  within  half 
a  cable's  length  of  the  town.* 

General  Prescott  instantly  came  on 

*  General  Prescott  had  so  small  a  force 
in  that  quarter  that  he  could  not  possibly 
afford  any  material  assistance  to  Genersd 
Graham ;  though  he  had  made  an  effort 
by  sending  a  detachment  of  the  35th  to 
support  some  Royalists  at  St.  Marie, 
which  proved  ineffectual.  General  Grey 
was  unable  to  afford  any  assistance  from 
thence ;  he  however  ordered  the  flank 
companies  of  the  fourth  battalion  of  the 
60th  from  St.  Vincent's,  and  part  of  the 
21st  from  St.  Christopher's,  to  reinforce 
General  Graham.  They  however  fortu- 
nately arrived  too  late,  as  their  numbers 
were  inadequate  to  save  it,  and  they  after- 
wards made  part  of  the  garrison  of  Fort 
Matilda. 


board  to  consult  with  the  Admiral  on 
the  best  mode  of  procedure  in  this 
critical  state  of  affairs ;  and  it  was 
determined  that  the  whole  force  which 
the  General  could  collect  should  go 
into  the  fort,  and  the  Admiral,  in  the 
Boyne,  would  render  every  assistance 
in  his  power  to  the  garrison  ;  a  pro- 
mise he  performed  in  a  manner  which 
drew  the  warmest  thanks  of  General 
Prescott  and  his  officers. 

At  this  period  the  French  Royalists 
had  entirely  abandoned  us,  and  the 
militia,  who  had  demanded  arms, 
positively  refused  to  enter  the  fort, 
and  soon  after  deserted  to  the  enemy  .* 
a  party  in  the  town  seemed  also  ready 
to  rise  upon  our  people,  but  by  the 
vigilance  and  activity  of  General 
Prescott  they  were  overawed,  and  he 
continued  to  ride  into  the  town  un- 
attended as  usual.  The  fort  was  in  a 
miserable  state,  nothing  having  been 
done  to  it  since  the  peace  of  1783 ; 
and  Clairfontaine,'!*  a  Royalist,  who  had 
been  appointed  Administrator- General, 
wanting  either  influence  or  ability  to 
procure  negroes  for  the  purpose,  the 
foi  t  was  in  no  way  better  than  when 
it  fell  into  our  hands,  except  being 
cleaner,  and  supplied  with  provisions. 

On  the  12th  of  October,  Yktor 
Ungues  sent  a  flag  of  truce,  accoin- 
panied  by  Captain  Eison,  of  the  35th 
Regiment,  for  a  supply  of  money  and 
baggage  for  our  captured  countrymen, 
with  which  he  returned  in  two  days, 
to  Point  k  Pitre.J 

The  enemy  now  increased  their 
forces  daily,  pressing  into  their  service 
all  the  negroes  who  were  on  the 
different  estates ;  and  if  from  timidity 
or  any  other  cause  they  demurred, 
they  were  instantly  shot. 

The  fort  was  now  closely  invested, 
while  the  enemy  had  cut  off  the 
aqueduct  which  supplied  the  tank  with 

f  This  gentleman,  after  having  enjoyed 
a  lucrative  employment,  was  unwilling  to 
lose  the  fruits  of  it,  and,  instead  of  render- 
ing any  assistance  to  General  Prescott,  he 
took  French  leave,  not  forgetting  to  carry 
with  him  a  chest  well  lined,  in  order  to 
render  his  residence  at  Antigua  comfort- 
able. 

t  The  Republican  officer  who  came  with 
him  informed  the  British  that  he  saw  the 
execution  of  the  unfortunate  Royalists, 
and  that  27  heads  were  struck  off  in 
7^  minutes. 


854 


E»peiU%a$k  to  GuadMloupe  in  1794. 


[Sept. 


water;  all  the  baildings  in  the  fort 
being  also  destroyed  by  the  fire  of  the 
enemy»  the  garrison  was  obliged  to 
take  shelter  in  the  bomb-proof  case- 
mate, a  close  and  most  unwholesome 
confinement,  particularly  in  a  tropical 
climate. 

On  the  6th  of  November  Victor 
Hugues  sent  an  insolent  summons  to 
General  Prescott  to  surrender  the  fort 
in  two  hours,  which  if  not  complied 
with  no  further  terms  would  be  offered, 
and  "  the  whole  of  the  garrison  would 
be  put  to  the  sword."  To  this  the 
General  made  a  short  answer,  "  That 
he  would  defend  it  as  a  soldier  to  the 
last  extremity,"  and  the  instant  the 
time  had  expired  which  the  General 
had  allowed  the  French  officer  to  re- 
turn to  Victor  Hugues,  he  opened  a 
heavy  fire  from  all  his  batteries  against 
the  Republicans,  and  continued  it 
throughout  the  day. 

At  nine  a.m.  on  the  14th  instant, 
reinforcements  arrived  from  England 
in  three  line  of  battle  ships,  with  Vice- 
Admiral  Caldwell's  flag  on  board  the 
Miyestic,  Captain  Westcott.  The 
garrison  was  informed  that  Sir  John 
Vanghan  had  also  arrived  at  St.  Pierre, 
Martinique,  and  that  Sir  Charles  Grey 
had  given  up  the  command  to  him, 
while  Sir  J .  Jervis,  worn  down  by  long 
and  severe  exertions,  resigned  the 
command  of  the  naval  forces  to  Admiral 
Caldwell,  and,  embarking  his  seamen 
from  Fort  Matilda,  sailed  for  St.  Pierre, 
whence,  in  company  with  Sir  C.  Grey 
and  suite,  he  sailed  for  England  on 
the  27th  instant. 

On  the  6th  of  December,  General 
Prescott  despatched  his  aide-de-camp 
Captain  Thomas  to  the  Commander- 
in-Chief,  with  the  account  of  the  fort 
being  almost  in  ruins ;  this  officer  re- 
turned thither  on  the  7th,  and  found 
that  the  bastion  towards  the  river 
Gallion  was  totally  silenced,  and  so 
completely  commanded  by  the  mus- 
ketry of  the  enemy  that  not  a  man 
could  approach  it ;  the  adjoining 
curtain  was  much  in  the  same  state  ; 
the  bastion  towards  the  town  was 
giving  way,  and  expected  to  tumble 
into  the  ditch  every  moment.  General 
Prescott  no  longer  thought  of  defence, 
but  to  secure  his  small  garrison,  now 
highly  necessary  for  the  defence  of  the 
other  islands,  the  unparalleled  mor- 
tality having  left  them  almost  without 


troops.  The  pestilential  fever  had 
been  in  proportion  more  fatal  to  the 
officers  than  the  men  ;  in  the  garrison, 
for  instance,  there  was  no  officer  of 
intermediate  rank  between  the  General 
and  his  aide-de-camp,  CaptainThomas, 
who  was  secood  in  command. 

On  the  9th  of  December  this  officer 
was  despatched  to  Admiral  Thompson, 
and,  after  the  plan  of  embarkation  was 
settled,  he  returned  to  the  fort,  and 
the  evacuation  commenced  at  nine 
o'clock  on  the  10th  instant,  and  was 
conducted  with  so  much  skill  that  not 
a  man  was  lost :  while,  so  admirably 
did  the  General  conceal  his  intentions, 
that  the  enemy  cannonaded  and  bom- 
barded the  fort  as  usual,  until  two 
o'clock  on  the  following  morning, 
although  the  embarkation  had  been 
completed  by  eleven  o'clock  the  night 
previous.  The  whole  force  that  marched 
out  of  Fort  Matilda  was  between  four 
and  ^we  hundred  men. 

Thus  concluded  a  siege  of  eight 
weeks  and  two  days,  during  the  whole 
of  which  General  Prescott  evinced  the 
most  perfect  coolness  and  true  soldierly 
resolution,  neither  appalled  by  the 
tremendous  and  well-directed  fire 
constantly  both  night  and  day  kept 
up  against  the  fort,  nor  by  the  insolent 
and  threatening  summonses  of  Victor 
Hugues. 

During  the  siege  the  loss  of  the 
British  amounted  only  to  17  killed 
and  79  wounded. 

Victor  Hugues,  on  taking  possession 
of  the  fort,  ordered  the  monument  that 
had  been  erected  over  the  remains  of 
General  Dundas  to  be  destroyed,  and 
his  remains  to  be  thrown  into  the  river 
Gallion ;  a  conduct  as  mean  and  brutal 
as  it  was  undeserved. 

The  following  is  Victor  Hugues' 
proclamation  on  taking  possession  of 
the  island. 

"  LIBERTY,  LAW,  EQUALITY." 

OuaddhupB, 

Victor  Hugues,  delegated  Commissioner 
of  the  Nationid  Convention  to  the  Wind* 
ward  Islands. 

Whereas  the  crimes  committed  by  the 
British  officers,  as  well  in  the  capture  as 
in  the  defence  of  the  conquered  islands, 
exhibited  a  character  of  so  consummate 
and  odious  a  villany  as  not  to  be  paralleled 
in  history ; 

And  whereas  the  rights  of  humanitv,  of 
war,  and  of  nations,  have  been  violated 


1843.] 


Expedition  to  Cfuadaloupe  in  1794. 


25i 


by  Charles  Grey,  General ;  John  Jenris. 
Admiral;  Thomas Dimdas,  Major-General 
and  Govemor  of  Goadaloupe;  Charles 
Gordon,  a  general  officer,  and  other  subal- 
tern officers  who  imitated  them ; 

And  whereas,  the  robberies,  murders, 
assassinations,  and  other  crimes  committed 
by  them,  ought  to  be  transmitted  to 
posterity,  it  is  resolved,  That  the  body  of 
taiomas  Dnndas,  interred  in  Guadaloupe, 
3rd  of  June  (slave  style),  **  shall  be  taken 
up  and  given  as  a  prey  to  the  birds  of  the 
air  ;*'  that  upon  the  same  spot  there  shall 
be  erected  at  the  expense  of  the  Republic 
a  monument,  bearing  on  one  side  this 
decree,  and  on  the  other,  the  foliomng 
inscription,  ''This  ground,  restored  to 
liberty  by  the  bravery  of  the  Republicans, 
was  polluted  by  the  body  of  Thomas 
Dundas,  Major-General  and  Governor  of 
Guadaloupe,  for  the  ♦  *  *  George  the 
Third.  In  recollecting  his  crimes  the 
public  indignation  caused  him  to  be  taken 
up,  and  has  ordered  this  monument  to  be 
erected,  to  hand  them  down  to  posterity." 

Given  at  the  post  of  Liberty,  (2Cth 
Frimaire),  Dec.  11th,  1794,  in  tiiie  third 
year  of  the  French  Republic,  one  and  in- 
divisible. 

(Signed)^  Victor  Hugues, 
ViEL,  Secretary. 

From  what  we  have  hitherto  seen 
of  the  character  of  the  man,  from  his 
disappointment  at  the  escape  of  his 
victims,  all  of  whom  he  had  Uireatened 
"  to  put  to  the  sword/'  and  from  the 
discovery  that  for  eia?  hours  he  had 
vented  his  fierce  and  sanguinary  rage 
on  "  an  empty  fortress/'  we  can  well 
imagine  this  revolting  and  vindictive 
philippic  from  his  pen,  and  his  sub- 
sequent brutality  to  the  remains  of  the 
heroic  Dundas. 

When  in  the  month  of  July  he  had 
partially  captured  the  island,  in  his 
proclamation  he  made  use  of  the 
following  elegant  epithets  in  compli- 
ment to  his  gallant  opponents : — "  The 
savage  Jervis,"  "  the  hypocrite  Grey," 
with  their  "  horde  of  Aristocrats." 
Again,  when  he  heard  of  the  anticipated 
arrival  of  reinforcements  from  England, 
he  says  with  his  usual  rhodomontade : 

<*  Let  them  come  !  let  the  General  lead 
hither  his  troops !  we  will  invite  them 
ashore — nay !  we  will  lay  planks  to  their 
vessels,  that  they  may  not  wet  their  feet 
in  visiting  us,  and  when  we  have  them 
here,  we  will  teach  them  who  is  Victor ! 
we  will  give  the  officers  their  finvonrite 
toasts !  and  accommodate  them  with 
speedy  promotion.''  (Vide  Dr.  Pinckaird's 
mtes  on  the  West  Indies,  Tolf  I.  p.  293.) 


Again,  his  complimentary  effusion 
to  the  British  inhabitants  in  general : 

**  The  inhabitants  of  the  British  colonies 
are  a  herd  of  traitors,  to  be  regarded  aa 
pirates  if  captured  on  board  of  privateers**' 
declaring  the  colonies  in  a  state  of  siege^ 
and  asserting  them  to  be  **  garrisoned  by 
emigrants,  a  set  of  men,  who^  being  with- 
out country,  flag,  or  government,  cannot 
be  entitled  to  the  same  terms  as  a  polished 
nation."  (Ibid.  vol.  III.  p.  351.) 

Roman  history  somewhere  mentions 
the  circumstance  of  an  individual,  for 
"  one  solitary  act  of  kindness  in  the 
tyrant,"  having  placed  a  wreath  of 
flowers  on  the  tomb  of  the  Emperor 
Nero ;  if  the  circumstance  may  bear 
comparison.  Dr.  Pinckaird  relates,  that 
a  gentleman,  in  consequence  of  ill 
health,  applied  to  the  secretary  of 
Victor  Hugues  f(n:  his  release  from 
imprisonment,  offering  a  bribe  of 
^1200  sterling;  the  secretary  refused 
the  money,  but  in  a  few  days  obtained 
the  required  boon,  and  he  sailed  home 
to  Barbadoes.  [vol.  i.  p.  413.] 

A  conspicuous  character  in  the 
former  part  of  this  narrative  is  Captain 
Faulknor,  commanding  the  Blanche 
Frigate,  of  32  guns.  On  the  5th  of 
January  he  fell  in  with  the  Republican 
frigate  La  Pique,  of  38  guus^  off  the 
harbour  of  Point  k  Pitre ;  the  action 
was  maintained  with  the  greatest  fury 
and  obstinacy  for  five  honrSj  during 
which  the  gallant  Captain  Falknor  fell^ 
by  a  musket  ball,  as  he  was  a  second 
time  lashing  the  bowsprit  of  La  Piqu® 
to  the  capstern  of  his  own  ship.  The 
loss  of  this  brave  man  was  deplored 
by  every  friend  of  the  service;  his 
courage  and  determined  bravery  had 
been  often  tried,  and  always  with 
success.  On  his  death  the  command 
devolved  on  Lieut«  Watkins«  whp 
continued  the  action  in  a  manner  that 
did  him  immortal  honour.  The  French 
ship  having  lost  her  main  and  mizen 
masts,  the  Blanche  took  her  in  tow» 
still  continuing  the  engagement,  when 
the  stern  ports  not  being  large  enough^ 
they  blew  the  upper  transom  beam 
away,  and  fired  into  her  bows  for  three 
hours.  The  marines,  under  Lieut. 
Richardson,  kept  up  so  well  directed 
a  fire,  that  not  a  man  could  appear  on 
her  forecastle  until  she  struck ;  67  of 
her  crew  were  dead  on  the  decks, 
many  had  been  thrown  overboard^ 
110  wounded  were   landed   at   Uie 


256 


D*Auhign&s  History  of  the  Reformation. 


[Sept. 


"  Saints/' and  l74  were  taken  to  Marti- 
nique. 

The  "Blanche"  had  10  killed,  in- 
cluding her  heroic  captain,  and  24 
wounded.  Captain  Faulknor's  ex- 
ertions in  forwarding  the  service  on 
every  occasion  during  the  campaign 
were  unremitting,  while  the  English 
cause  in  the  West  Indies,  at  this 
critical  moment,  could  hardly  have 
received  a  deeper  wound  than .  it  did 
by  the  death  of  this  truly  brave  and 
zealous  officer,  whose  name  with  that 
of  the  subject  of  this  memoir  stands 
recorded  in  the  annals  of  their  country, 
and  whose  eventful  careers  may  be 
proudly  emulated  by  the  aspirants  to 
fame,  both  in  the  naval  and  military 
services  of  Great  Britain. 


Mr.  Urban,  Cork, 

{Continued  from  p.  149.) 

BUT,  to  resume.  In  the  genuine 
sphere  of  the  reformed  Church,  names 
of  the  highest  order,  her  legitimate 
produce  and  undisputed  possession,  I 
am  fully  aware,  and  most  ready  to 
grant,  will  be  found,  in  redundancy  of 
number  and  every  faculty,  with  the  re- 
serve, indeed,  of  the  fine  arts,  in  which 
Protestant  talents  have  not  shone  with 
equal  lustre.  Rich,  therefore,  in  her 
native  treasures,  can  it  be  necessary, 
or  is  it  seemly,  thus  to  invade  alien 
rights,  or  encroach  on  foreign  ground, 
and  institute  claims  for  what  not  the 
remotest  title  of  appropriation  exists  ? 
No  divergence  of  faith  could  be  greater 
than  the  chasm  which  essentially  se- 
parated Port- Royal  and  Calvinism; 
and  in  the  dawn  of  reform,  if  Eras- 
mus, Vatable,  or  Lef^vre  d'Estaples, 
acknowledged  the  expediency  of  va- 
rious amendments  in  discipline,  they 
never  renounced  their  original  creed, 
and  were  no  more  Protestants  than 
Grotius,  Leibnitz,  or  Laud  were 
Catholics,  though  M.  D'Aubign^,  in 
his  omnivorous  pretensions,  would 
range  them  on  his  side.  To  a  minister 
of  the  Church  resorting  to  such  falla- 
cies, from  the  consciousness,  it  would 
be  inferred,  of  a  defective  cause,  the 
Boman  satirist's  admonition  may  not 
be  inappropriate. 

« Quern  te  Deus  esse 

Jussit,  et  human&  quk  parte  locatus  es  in  re, 
Pisce."  PeraiuSf  iii.  72. 

I  am  not  ignorant,  at  the  same  tigae, 

4 


nor  desirous  to  disguise,  that  the 
Catholics  have  occasionally  challenged 
as  proselytes,  in  like  manner,  persons 
of  eminence  without  corresponding 
proof.  1  may  instance  two  distin- 
guished prelates.  Dr.  Hallifax  of  Glou- 
cester, the  successor  of  Warburton,  and 
Dr.  Butler  of  Durham,  with  Dr.  Ren- 
nell.  Dean  of  Winchester,  for  whose 
asserted  change  Dr.  Parr  had  no  dif- 
ficulty in  showing  that  no  valid  foun- 
dation existed.  See  Dr.  Parr's  Letter 
to  Dr.  Milner  (the  historian  of  Win- 
chester), p.  30 — 33. 

Sectarian  zeal  too  often  overrules 
truth  on  all  sides ;  but  its  effusions  of 
abuse,  such  as  appear  so  greatly  to 
edify  the  audience  of  our  roaming  di- 
vines at  Exeter  Hall,  or  as  is  displayed 
in  the  histories  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Lath- 
bury,  to  whom  an  intelligent  critic  in 
this  Magazine  for  March  and  July 
1840,  administered  a  little  chastening 
advice,  must  excite  disgust  rather  than 
conviction,  and  recoiling,  in  the  end, 
with  fearful  resilience  on  the  object  of 
its  advocacy,  which  it  despoils  of  all 
confidence,  becomes  its  most  dangerous 
enemy,  like  the  elephant  in  battle,  a 
"  genus,"  or  "  bellua  anceps,"  when 
driven  back  in  discomfiture  on  its  own 
ranks,  as  described  by  Livy.  (Lib. 
xxvii.  14.)  To  the  unmeasured  con- 
tumely evermore  heaped,  in  speech  and 
print,  on  the  Roman  Catholic  commu- 
nion, may  I  am  pretty  sure  be  partly 
attributed  the  obvious  increase  of  its 
members,  now  the  source  of  such  loud 
complaint — a  consequence  seemingly 
corroborative  of  the  suspicion  ex- 
pressed by  the  Times  newspaper,  that 
these  furibund  orators  or  writers  are 
"  Jesuits  in  disguise."  Indeed,  many 
a  flaming  article,  to  my  knowledge, 
was  thus  imposed  on  the  Morning 
Post,  during  the  no- popery  agitation, 
with  a  view  to  the  "  reductio  ad  ab- 
surdum,"  and  defeat  of  the  ostensible 
purpose,  by  its  extravagance  of  de- 
mand. When  the  Jesuit  Garasse  as- 
sailed with  gross  and  indiscriminate 
virulence  some  of  the  most  esteemed 
and  eminent  characters  of  his  day,  in 
that  mass  of  ribald  compilation,  '*  La 
Doctrine  Curieuse  des  Beaux  Esprits 
de  ceTems,"  (1623,  4to.)  he  only  in- 
jured  his  own  cause  and  order ;  "  son 
livre  ^tant  plus  fait  pour  endurcir  les 
ath^es  et  les  incr^dules,  qu'k  les  con- 
vertir/'  observed  it  rational  critic  at 


1843.]    The  Reformers  and  the  Mass. — Cromwelh — D*AubignS,        257 

the  time.  In  fact,  excesses  of  anti- 
pathy or  partiality  seldom  fail  to  en- 
gender a  corresponding  counteraction, 
or  to  enforce  inquiry  impressive,  in  its 
issue,  of  wholly  altered  sentiments. 

"...  *  Off  K*€^)(a  fi€P  (jyiKejjo'iP 
^(o^a    S'cxOaipT^a-ip'    dfifipoa   b'aicrifia 
ndpTa,"  Odyss,  0.  70. 


The  tone  of  decency,  on  the  other 
hand,  and  address  of  moderation  ob- 
served by  some  of  the  Oxford  theolo- 
gians towards  the  Catholics,  have  I  per- 
ceive exposed  these  learned  professors 
to  an  equal  intemperance  of  aspersion, 
and  a  similar  impeachmentof  doctrinal 
corruption. 

The  reader  of  these  volumes  cannot 
fail  to  note  that  the  early  reformers, 
Luther,  Zuinglius,  and  others,  conti- 
nued for  some  years  after  they   had 
renounced  the  tenets  of  Catholicism, 
to  celebrate  its  most  distinctive  rite — 
"  the  mass  " — a  glaring  inconsistency, 
or  rather,  on  their  own  representation, 
a  sacrilege,  followed  subsequently,  in 
example,  by  Fra  Paolo,  with  his  col- 
league  Fulgenzio,   who,    though   not 
declared    dissidents,    can    hardly    be 
deemed   Catholics,    (Gent.   Mag.    for 
August  1838,  p.   138,)    and  the  late 
Blanco  White,  a  very  unsteady  prose- 
lyte, of  short  triumph  to  the  Anglican 
church,  with  many  more.     Notwith- 
standing, however,  our  author's  defi- 
nition, at  volume  the  third,  pages  59 
and  60,  of  the  mass,  as  "  a  reproach 
upon  the  Son  of  God,  and  the  great 
bulwark  of  Romish  dominion,"   this 
conduct  of  the  reformers  is  at  page 
467  of  the  second  volume  indulgently 
viewed  as  "  an  act  of  prudence."    No 
cloistered  hagiographer,  or  legendary 
collector  of  the  lives  of  saints,  "  De 
Voragine,"  "Albizzi,"  or  "  Ribade- 
neyra,"  could  in  truth  more  anxiously 
repel  all  impeachment  of  blame  from 
the  objects  of  their  veneration,  than 
our   historian    essays  to   avert  every 
censure  from   the   heroes   of  reform, 
whom  he  similarly  encircles   with  a 
halo  of  sanctity,    and  would,  appa- 
rently, invest  with  that  incapacity  of 
sin,    the    result    of   once    implanted 
grace,    which,    on    the   assurance   of 
those    ministers    who    attended    the 
death- bed    of    Cromwell,    laid    such 
"  flattering  unction  '*  to  his  parting 
spirit,    when   they   pronounced    him 
guiltless  of  the  blood  shed,  in  dread 
Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


effusion,  during  his  eventful  career. 
The  royal  murder,  the  massacre  of 
Drogheda,  with  other  barbarities, 
were  thus  sanctified,  or  absolved  by 
anticipation,  as,  previous  to  their  com- 
mission, he  had  been  in  a  state  of 
grace !  "  £t  secum  petulans  amentia 
certat."  (Claudian.  in  Eutrop.  lib.  i. 
v.  237.) 

With  no  less  partiality  of  judgment, 
every  attempt  to  repress  the  advancing 
innovations   on   the  established  wor- 
ship is  denounced  as  bitter  persecu* 
tion,    (vol.    ii.    pp.     156—289,    &c.) 
while   the  injunction  on  the   monks, 
"  to  preach  the  word  of  God,"  (vol. 
ii.  p.  453,)   or,  in  equivalent  terms,  a 
forced  conformity  to  the  reformers'  ver- 
sion of  that  word, — intolerance,  in  fact, 
and    persecution, — pass    unreproved. 
On  this  occasion,  the  arguments,  fa- 
vourable or  adverse,  to  the  principle  of 
tolerance  are  adduced  ;  but  the  author 
declines  to  interpose  his  own  senti- 
ments, which,  however,  are  of  easy 
conjecture,    and   may   be  inferred   to 
lean   towards  the  side  which,  as  he 
says,  declares  it  "  to  be  the  duty  of 
the  Christian  magistrate,  in  upholding 
religion,  to  protect  the  permanent  and 
vital    interests    of  the    community." 
Such,  we  know,  was  the  unequivocal 
doctrine  of  his   predecessors,   Calvin 
and    fieza,    nor   can   we  mistake  its 
practical  application   by    them;    and 
expressly  to  withhold  the  utterance  of 
his  opinion,  when  challenged  by  the 
subject  to  proclaim  it,  only  betrays  a 
consciousness  of  its  discord  with  the 
now  professed  principle  of  every  com- 
munion,  and  the  consequent  fear  or 
shame  of  enunciating  this  discreditable 
dissent.    The  spirit  of  the  work   is, 
indeed,  every  where  transparent ;  bat 
it  has   found,  in  illiberal  sympathies, 
or  sordid  projects  of  speculation,  that 
zeal  for  its  diffusion,  which,  withH:on- 
sonant  feelings  and  views,  has  been  so 
actively  exerted  in  reviving  and  dis- 
seminating   through    a    diversity    of 
forms.  Fox's  Book  of  Martyrs ;  forget- 
ful, that  an  antagonist  impulse  may  be 
excited,  and  provoked,  in  retaliation, 
to   republish,   with   equal  efforts   for 
circulating  it,  the  "Theatrum  Crude- 
litatum  Hsereticorum  hujus  Temporis," 
(Antwerp.  1587,)  by  Richard  Verste- 
gan,  the  countryman  and  contempo- 
rary of  our  veracious   martyrologist. 
Bat  as.  thank  Heaven,  we  have  no 

2  L 


258 


M.  UAuhigne, —  The  Bible  and  the  Reformation,         [Sept. 


longer  to  apprehend  the  recurrence  of 
these  mutual  enormities,  neither  the 
Smithfield  fires  nor  the  fabricated 
Popish  plot,  nor  the  insurrection  of 
1780,  the  repression,  not  propagation, 
of  such  incendiary  engines  of  evil 
should  be  the  desire  and  anxious  en- 
deavour of  every  genuine  Christian. 

I  feel  bound  to  state  that,  attracted 
by  the  subject,  by  the  praise,  though 
partial,  of  this  Magazine,  and  by  the 
hope  of  something  beyond  our  home 
manufacture,  1  had  only  waited  for  the 
completion  of  M.  D'Aubign^'s  third 
volume  to  have  proposed  to  the   ex- 
tensive Literary  Association,  the  Cork 
Library  Society,  over  which   I  have 
the  honour  to  preside,  the  acquisition 
of  his  work.     Its  title  was  to  me  a 
sufficient    recommendation,    and     its 
Genevan  source,  even  from  a  professor 
of  theology,    some  pledge  of   impar- 
tiality, so  abhorrent  now  is  the  cha- 
racter,   if  not   the  doctrine,    of  that 
city    represented    to    us,   and   for   a 
century,    according   to    D'Alembert's 
article  of  "  Geneve,"  in  the  Encyclo- 
p4die,  has  been,   from  its  former  in- 
tolerance.    Great,  therefore,  was  my 
disappointment   on   discovering  that, 
in  violation  of  one  of  the  societv's  fixed 
rules,  we  had  added  to  our  collection 
a  prolix  controversial  treatise,  under 
the  mask  of  a  roost  important  history. 
To  the  misstatements  of  facts,  or  in- 
consistencies of  views,  here  submitted, 
others  could  be  easily  adjoined  in  a 
formal   review ;    but    1  shall   confine 
myself  to  the  indication  of  only  one, 
as  my  desultory  notices  must  already 
appear  to  have  claimed  too   large   a 
portion  of  these  columns.     At   page 
277,  volume  the  third,  we  are  assured 
that  nine  nuns,  **  who   had  devoted 
themselves    to    the  reading  of  God's 
word,"    in    1623,    embraced  the  re- 
formed  worship,    and  escaped   from 
their    convent.     But  how,    at    that 
period,    these    ladies    discovered  the 
light  which  thus  beamed  on  them,  is 
not  of  facile  solution ;  for  the  almost 
total  non-existence  of  the  Bible  in  the 
popular  idiom,  before  Luther's  version, 
of  which    the    impfession,  just  then 
commenced,  was    not   completed  till 
1534,   eleven  years   subsequently,    is 
affirmed  by  our  author,   (vol.  iii.  p. 
37.)     If  read  at  ail,  a  very  rare  oc- 
currence, according  to  him,  it  could 
only  be  in  Latin,  which,  we  may  well 


believe,  no  repository  of  ignorance, 
such  as  these  monastic  institutions 
are  here  described,  could  possibly  pro- 
duce nine  inmates  capable  of  doing. 
The  statement  involves  its  own  refu- 
tation ;  and  the  conversion  of  the  fu- 
gitives must,  as  it  easily  may,  be 
otherwise  accounted  for.  This  I  ofl^er 
as  an  additional,  but  a  final  and  deci- 
sive, sample  of  our  controvertist's  rea- 
soning habits,  or  delusive  assertions. 

And  here  I  may   take  occasion  to 
repeat    what   I   have   observed    else- 
where, that,  whatever  be  the  benefits, 
actual  or    expectant,  of  the    popular 
circulation  of  the  Bible,  so  seductively 
dwelt  on  by  M.  D'Aubign^,  the  Re- 
formation cannot  be  reckoned  among 
its  fruits ;   for,  with  a  minim  deduc- 
tion, the  established  Protestantism  of 
every    European    state   preceded   the 
possession  of  any  vernacular  transla- 
tion.   No  other  was  intelligible  to  the 
mass  of  the  people,  or  could,  conse- 
quently, have  produced  the  generally 
attributed,   but    obviously  unfounded 
efi^ect,  in  the  absence  of  the  assumed 
cause.     Accepting  the  dates  of  the  po- 
pular   versions    from    the    Rev.    M. 
Home's  "  Bibliographical  Appendix  to 
his  Study  of  the  Scriptures,"  a  most 
unobjectionable  authority,  and  com- 
paring   tHem    with  those  to    which 
history  refers    the    introduction  into 
each   state   of   the  Reformation,   the 
conclusion  is   indisputable.     I  mean, 
of  course,  the  whole  translated  Scrip- 
tures,   and    not    detached    portions ; 
although,  however  circulated,  few  ne- 
cessarily were  the  readers;  for  un- 
frequent,   indeed,   was  the  faculty  of 
letters,  at  that   period,   even  in   ele- 
mental use,  and  dear  in  purchase  each 
volume.     No  English  Bible  appeared 
in  a  comparatively  cheap    or  octavo 
form,  till  1549  ;  nor  could  any  have 
been  previously  bought  under  a  price 
equivalent   nearly  to   five  pounds  of 
present  currency,  a  virtual  prohibition, 
rendered  more  direct  by  the  various 
restrictions  of  the   statute  of  33d  of 
Henry    VIII.    To    other    generating 
causes,  therefore,  must  be  assigned  the 
religious    outbreak    of   the   sixteenth 
century.      "Reform   yourselves   from 
within,"  exclaimed  the  energetic  Chat- 
ham, in  the  British  Senate,  "  or  you  will 
be  reformed  from  abroad  with  a  ven- 
geance," a  warning  not  less  suited  to 
the  court  of  Rome  in  that  age,  nor 


1843.] 


Romanism  and  Catholicism. 


259 


more  unheeded.  The  consequence  of 
procrastination  was^  accordingly, 
what  the  experience  of  man  has  ever 
encountered.  Abuses  flagrant  to  the 
public  eye,  and  by  none  more  de- 
plored than  by  the  steadiest  adherents 
of  the  Church,  were  too  long  suffered 
to  remain  uncorrected.  Complaints, 
unreasonably  overlooked,  soon  outran, 
in  pursuit  of  redress,  the  early  exigen- 
cies of  amendment;  and  tardy  conces- 
sions were  spurned  as  forced  and  in- 
adequate, like  the  demands  of  the 
Sibyl,  which  each  successive  refusal 
inflamed.  The  crisis  was  alarming; 
and  the  fabric  of  Roman  power  seemed 
threatened  with  impending  dissolution, 
or  tottering  on  its  base. 

** Nimioque  graves  sub  pondere 

Nee  se  Roma  ferens."  [lapsus, 

Lucan,  lib.  i.  72. 

But  a  commensuratereaction  quickly 
and  signally  manifested  the  promised 
vitality  and  resurgent  preponderance 
of  the  ancient  Church,  so  luminously 
unfolded  in  the  elaborate  volumes  of 
Professor  Ranke,  and  not  less  attested 
by  Mr.  Hallam,  (Const.  Hist.  vol.  i. 
p.  259,)  as  the  result  of  reformed 
abuses,  or  amended  discipline,  effected 
by  the  Council  of  Trent.  For  this 
salutary  influence  of  the  Reformation 
even  Catholics  cannot  deny  their 
acknowledgements  ;  nor  can  they 
object  to  that  rivalry  which  keeps  op- 
ponents on  their  guard,  and  dispels  the 
supineness,  withits fatal  consequences, 
which  uncontrolled  ascendancy  never 
fails  to  superinduce.  "  Verum  haec 
nobis  certamina  ex  honesio  maneant," 
(Tacit.  Annal.  iii.  55,)  an  exhortation 
fondly  repeated,  because  anxiously 
desired  in  consummation,  bv  me. 

Lengthened  though  this  discussion 
has  been,  a  few  closing  words,  certainly 
not  alien  to  the  subject,  will,  I  trust,  be 
still  allowed  me.  Romanism  is  now  the 
expression  affectedly  applied  to  desig- 
nate the  incontestably  largest  section 
of  the  Christian  community.  This 
neologism  lately  introduced' into  the 
conventional  language  of  Europe  de- 
mands some  observations.  The  term 
Catholic,  which  is  the  subject  of  com- 
petition, must  here  be  viewed  as  solely 
referable  to  numbers  ;  for,  otherwise, 
the  minutest  sect,  even  the  Mormonites 
of  America,  or  the  Jumpers,  would 
equally  pretend  to  the  possession  of 


genuine  Christianity,  and  claim  the  title. 
Consequently,  according  to  the  Pro- 
testants of  the  present  day,  it  would 
have  appropriately  belonged  to  the 
Albigenses,  the  Wickliffites,  or  Huss- 
ites, of  the  middle  ages,  preferably  to 
the  rest  of  the  Christian  world,  though 
outnumbered  one  hundred  fold. 

In  the  Edinburgh  Review  for  Octo- 
ber 1840,  page  225,  Mr.  Macaulay 
rated  the  Roman  Catholics  "  at  cer- 
tainly not  fewer  than  one  hundred 
and  flfty  millions ;  and  it  will  be  diffi- 
cult," adds  the  Rt.  Hon.  reviewer, 
"  to  shew  that  all  the  other  sects 
united  amount  to  one  hundred  and 
twenty  millions."  This  proportion  is 
pretty  much  confirmed  by  Adrien 
Balbi,  in  his  great  statistical  work  the 
"  Atlas  Ethnographique,"  of  which 
he  communicated  to  me  some  of  the 
earlier  pages,  and  by  Malte  Brun,  in 
his  Universal  Geography,  vol.  vi.  p. 
79;  while  the  English  Church  does 
not  comprise  a  tithe  of  the  communi- 
cants thus  attributed  to  her  elder 
sister,  and,  in  the  same  ratio,  neces- 
sarily loses  her  right  to  the  designation 
of  Catholic,  or,  its  equivalent,  uni- 
versal. In  strict  language  it  cannot 
apply  to  any  distinct  communion  ;  but 
as  Canning,  when  he  proclaimed  the 
roused  spirit  of  the  universal  Spanish 
nation,  or  any  one  in  common  parlance 
who  may  allude  to  a  whole  people, 
could  only  mean  the  great  majority, 
this  disputed  epithet  can  alone  apper- 
tain to  the  avowedly  preponderant 
class  of  Christians.  Weighed  against 
even  their  combined  opponents,  the 
massive  unity  of  one  hundred  and 
fifty  millions  cannot  be  denied  the 
more  comprehensive  name  ;  but,  if  we 
descend  to  a  comparison  with  the 
minute  and  multitudinous  divisions  of 
Protestants,  what  fractional  portion 
can  sustain  the  slightest  competition  ? 
It  was  this  unity,  contrasted  with  the 
infinite  divergencies  of  the  reformers, 
that  influenced  the  conversion  of 
Christina  of  Sweden,  struck  with  the 
observation  of  Cicero,  (De  NaturS. 
Deorum,  lib.  i.  cap.  2,)  "  Quorum 
(philosophorum)  opiuiones,  cum  tarn 
variae  sint,  tamque  inter  se  dissidentes  : 
alterum  fieri  potest,  ut  earum  nulla, 
alterum  certe  non  potest,  ut  plus  un& 
vera  sit."  (See  Ranke,  Papste,  Theil 
viii.  §  9.)  And  St.  Augustin  coinci- 
dently  remarks  of  himself,    "  Inque 


260 


Earldom  of  Caithness. 


[Sept. 


ilia  unitate  mens  rationalise  et  natura 
veritatis  ac  sumrai  boni,  mihi  esse 
videbatur  :  in  ista  vero  divisione, 
irrationalis  vitse  nescio  quara  substan- 
tiametnaturam  summi  mall  opinabar." 
(Confessionum,  lib.  iv.  cap.  xv.) 

The  Emperor  Charles  V.  Louis  XIV. 
or  Napoleon,  who  have  been  suc- 
cessively arraigned  of  aiming  at  ani- 
▼ersal  empire,  were  surely  not  sup- 
posed to  embrace  in  their  ambitious 
views  the  entire  world.  Their  aspira- 
tions extended  not  beyond  the  dominant 
control  of  Europe,  a  question  of  rela- 
tive not  absolute  rule,  universal  only 
by  comparison,  which  equally  estab- 
lishes the  preferable  right  to  this 
CaMo/tc  distinction  of  the  communion 
that  has  ever  been  so  discriminated, 
originally  in  antagonist  relation  to  the 
Greek,  and  now  to  the  Protestant 
Church,  generally  and  permissively 
called  the  Reformed,  though  assuredly 
-without  any  concession  of  its  superior 
purity  by  the  Catholics.  These  con- 
ventional appellatives  may,  therefore, 
be  suffered  to  maintain  their  accepted 
applications ;  but  the  transfer  of  the 
comprehensive  character  to  the  in- 
finitely minor  class,  is  a  gross  solecism 
utterly  untenable  in  sense  or  language. 
The  Oxford  Paseyites,  I  find,  repudiate 
the  name  of  Protestants,  while  its 
abolition,  we  are  assured  by  Mr.  Laing, 
(Notes  of  a  Traveller,  p.  20,)  "  has 
nearly  destroyed  the  Protestant  religion 
in  Germany." 

"  Quod  fuit  in  pretio,  fit  nuUo  deniquehonore; 
Forro  aliuH  succedit,  et  e  contemtibus  exit, 
Inque  dies  magis  appetitur,  floretque  reper- 
Laudibus."—  [turn  * 

Lucretius f  v.  1276,  et  seq. 

Yours,  &c,  J.  R. 


Mr.  Urban, 

AMONGST  the  genealogical  col- 
lections formerly  belonging  to  Douglas 
the  peerage  writer,  and  subsequently 
acquired'  by  George  Chalmers  the 
author  of  Caledonia,  occurs  thefollow- 
iug  letter,  which,  as  correcting  a  mis- 
take recent  writers  on  genealogy  have 
fallen  into,  may  be  worthy  of  preserva- 
tion in  the  pages  of  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine. 

*  Mr.  Wakefield  prefers  r^fertum ;  but 
the  change  is  unnecessary.  His  edition 
is  greatly  inferior  to  Havercamp's,  or, 
perhaps,  to  Creech's. 


"21  January,  1758.  Please  inform 
Mr.  Douglas,  that  George,  who  he 
calls  the  second  son  to  the  Earl  of 
Caithness,  was  his  third  son.  John, 
master  of  Caithness,  was  the  eldest, 
the  second  was  William,  and  the  third 
was  George.  William  died  without 
lawful  children.  Ulbster's  family  is  de- 
scended  of  a  bastard  of  William's,* 
and,  upon  William's  death,  George 
succeeded  to  the  estate  of  Mey.  The 
contracts  of  marriage  of  the  family  of 
Mey  are  mostly  in  his  charter  chest, 
where  it's  not  easie  to  find  them,  and 
a  good  many  of  them  in  processes  at 
Edinburgh,  which  Mr.  Budge  can 
direct.  I  think  you  may  venture  to 
assure  Mr.  Douglas  that  all  the 
marriages  insert  in  the  note  I  sent  are 
just,  and  no  bastards  insert  in  it :  for 
they  had  not  a  bastard  that  was  of 
fortune  but  Ulbster,  and  he  is  the 
bastard  of  William  that  died  without 
any  legitimate  heirs,  for,  if  he  had  had 
any  legitimate  children,  they  would 
have  succeeded  to  Mey  before  George 
the  third  son." 

In  the  old  edition  of  Douglas, 
William  is  altogether  omitted,  but  in 
the  edition  published  by  John  Philip 
Wood,  Esquire,  2  vols,  folio,  he  is 
restored  to  his  proper  place  as  second 
son,  and  George,  the  ancestor  of  the 
present  Earl,  is  entered  correctly  as 
the  third. 

Sinclair  of  Barroch  or  Barrach,  the 
writer  of  the  letter,  was  descended 
from  the  third  son  of  George  Sinclair, 
of  Mey,  and  this  branch,  in  the  event 
of  the  failure  of  the  present  one,  would 
succeed  to  the  peerage  of  Caithness. 

It  may  be  proper  to  add,  that  this 
account  of  the  origin  of  the  family  of 
Ulbster  is  corroborated  by  Father  Hay 
in  his  curious  memoirs  of  the  Saint 
Clairs  of  Roslin,  a  few  copies  of  which 
were  for  the  first  time  printed  from  the 
original  MS.  in  1835,  (Edinb.  Thomas 
Stevenson,  4to.)  where  the  name  of 
the  mother  will  be  found.  She  was 
a  Margaret  Mowat,  a  daughter  of 
Mowat    of   Bochully.     But   for    the 

*  William  had  two  natural  sons,  who 
were  legitimated  in  the  usual  way  by 
letter  of  legitimation  from  the  king. 
This  gave  them  certain  privileges,  but  they 
still  remained  incapable  of  assuming  the 
right  competent  to  lawful  children. 


1 843 .]  Early  Edition  of  Bunydns  Pilgrims  Progress.  2Q 1 

bastardy,    the    Sinclairs    of    Ulbster  toll-house  stood  in  which  Bunyan  was 

would  have  succeeded  to  the  Caithness  imprisoned,)  and  also  some  anecdotes 

earldom.  respecting  him,  and  a  drawing  of  the 

bridge  and  toll  house,  all  which  Mr. 

«,     ,y  Lower  fVicTc,  near  Southey  said  he  would  avail  himself  of 

R.     RBAN,    ffTgrcester,  3l8i  July,  should  he  ever  publish  a  second  edition 

IT  is  stated  in  the  Life  of  Bunyan  of  the  life.     Since  that  time  I  have 

by  the  late  Mr.  Southey,  that  the  first  frequently  endeavoured  to  procure  the 

edition  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  had  first   edition   as  a   literary   curiosity, 

not  then   been   discovered,    although  and  an  elderly  lady  of  this  city  has 

much  search  had  been  made  after  it.  lately  presented  me  with  an  old  duo- 

I   therefore    about   twelve   years  ago  decimo  copy  of  the  work,  which,  if  not 

wrote  to  Mr.  Southey  stating  that  1  the  first,  is  one  of  the  early  editions, 

would  procure  a  copy  if  possible,  and  The  following  are  the  particulars  of  it. 
I  sent  him  some  information  relative         The  title-page  and  also  part  of  "the 

to  a  supposed  signet  ring  of  Bunyan's,  Author's  Apology  for  his  Book,"  are 

(which  was  found  on  taking  down  the  lost.     It  begins  with 
old  bridge  at  Bedford,  upon  which  the 

"  Why,  what's  the  matter?  It  is  dark;  what  the'  ? 
But  it  is  feigned  ;  what  of  that  ?  I  tro 
Some  men  by  feigned  words/'  &g.  &c. 

After  the  Apology  the  book  com-  The  scroll   contains  the  words   "fly 

mences  at  p.  I  thus  :  from  y"  wroth  to  come."     Christian 

tt  xhe  ^^  ^^  open  Bible  in  his  hand  con- 

Pilgrim*8  Progress :  taining  clasps,  and  there  is  a  burden 

in  the  similitude  of  a  on  his  back.    In  the  back-ground  there 

Dream."  are   the  beams  of  the  eye  of  Provi- 

Page  5  contains  a  very  rude  wood-  dence,  and  at  the  foot  of  the  picture 

cut   representing   Evangelist    with   a  the  following  lines  are  printed  : 

scroll  in  his  hand,  meeting  Christian. 

**  Christian  no  sooner  leaves  the  world  bat  meets 
Evangelist f  who  lovingly  him  greets 
With  tydings  of  another :  and  doth  show 
Him  how  to  mount  to  that  from  this  below." 

Page  17  contains  the  second  picture  of  Worldly  Wiseman).    Mount  Sinai 

representing  Evangelist  meeting  Chris-  is  impending  over  his  head,  and  the 

tian  in  his  way  to   Legality  House,  following  lines  are  at  the  foot  of  the 

(whither  he  was  going  by  the  advice  picture  : 

''  When  Christians  unto  carnal  men  give  ear, 
Out  of  their  way  they  go,  and  pay  for't  dear. 
For  master  Worldly  Wiseman  can  but  show 
A  saint  the  way  to  bondage  and  to  woe.*' 

Page  23  contains  the  third  picture,  tering  at  the  Wicket  Gate.  There  is 
representing  Christian  knocking  at  the  written  on  the  door  of  the  gate, "  Knock 
Wicket  Gate.  The  Celestial  City  is  and  it  shall  be  opened."  The  follow- 
in  the  distance,  and  two  persons  are  ing  lines  are  at  the  foot  of  this  pic- 
crossing  towards  the  road  without  en-  ture : 

'*  He  that  will  enter  in,  must  first  without 

Stand  knocking  at  the  gate  ;  nor  need  he  doubt, 

That  is  a  knocker,  but  to  enter  in : 

For  God  can  love  him  and  forgive  his  sin.*' 

Page  40  contains  the  fourth  picture,  about,  but,  curious  enough,  the  cross 

representing  Christian  coming  to  the  is  either  not  represented,  or  it  is  lost  in 

cross  with  a  fine  robe  on.     His  bur-  the  confused  back-ground  of  the  bill, 
den  has  fallen  from  oflF  his  back  into         The  following  lines  are  at  the  foot 

the  sepulchre,  and  old  rags  are  lying  of  this  picture  : 

"  Who's  this  ?    The  Pilgrim.    How!  »tis  very  true, 
Old  things  are  piist  away;  all's  become  new. 


262  Early  Edition  of  Bunyans  Pilgrim's  Progress.  [Sept. 

Strange  I  he^s  another  man,  upon  my  word  ; 
They  be  fine  feathers  that  make  a  fine  bird." 

Page  45  contains  the  fiflh  picture,  security  of  Pilgrims/'  and  the  porter 

representing    Christian    passing    the  "  Watchful "  is  standing  at  the  door, 

lions  at  the  Hill  Difficulty,  with  the  The  following  lines  are  under  this 

palace  in  the  back  ground,  "  built  by  picture  : 
the  lord  of  the  hill  for  the  relief  and 

**  Difficulty  is  behind,  Fear  is  before, 
Tho'  he's  got  on  the  hill  the  lions  roar  ; 
A  Christian  man  is  never  long  at  ease, 
When  one  fright's  gone,  another  doth  him  seize.*' 

Page  53  contains  the  sixth  picture,  the  arbour  is  written  "  Here  Christian 

representing   Christian   retracing   his  slept  and  dropt  his  roll." 
steps  to  the  arbour  on  the  side  of  the         Beneath  this  picture  are  the  follow- 

hill  Difficulty,  where  he  recovered  his  ing  lines  : 
roll  again  which  he  had  lost.     Over 

**  Shall  they  who  wrong  begin  yet  rightly  end  ? 
Shall  they  at  all  have  safety  for  their  friend  ? 
No,  no  ;  in  head -strong  manner  they  set  out. 
And  headlong  will  they  fall  at  last,  no  doubt.'* 

Page  70  contains  the  seventh  pic-         The  following  lines  are  at  the  foot 
ture,   representing   the   conclusion  of     of  it : 
Christian's  battle  with  ApoUyon. 

*'  A  more  unequal  match  can  hardly  be, 
Christian  must  fight  an  angel ;  but  you  see 
The  valiant  man,  by  handling  sword  and  shield. 
Doth  make  him,  tho'  a  dragon,  quit  the  field." 

Page  75  contains  the  eighth  picture,     through   it.     The  following  lines  are 
representing  the  Valley  of  the  Shadow     under  this  picture  : 
of    Death,    with     Christian    passing 

**  Poor  man !  where  art  thou  now  ?  thy  day  is  night. 
Good  man,  be  not  cast  down,  thou  yet  art  right. 
Thy  way  to  Heaven  lies  by  the  gates  of  Hell  : 
Cheer  up,  hold  out,  with  thee  it  shall  be  well.*' 

Page  108  contains  the  ninth  picture,     tian  and  Faithful  in  chains.     The  fol- 
representing  Vanity  Fair,  with  Chris-     lowing  lines  are  under  it. 

**  Behold  VANITY-FAIR  1  the  Pilgrims  there 
Are  chain' d,  and  ston'd  beside  ; 
Even  80  it  was  our  LORD  past  here. 
And  on  Mount  Calvary  dy'd." 

Page  117  contains  the  tenth  picture,     arraigned  at  the  bar  of  Judge  Hate- 
representing  Christian    and  Faithful     good,  with  the  following  lines  under  it : 

"  Now,  Faithful  J  play  the  man,  speak  for  thy  God : 
Fear  not  the  wicked's  malice  nor  their  rod  : 
Speak  boldly,  man,  the  truth  is  on  thy  side. 
Die  for  it,  and  to  life  in  triumph  ride." 

Page  121  contains  the  eleventh  pic-     chariot  of  fire.     The   following  lines 
ture,  representing  Faithful  in  flames     are  under  this  picture  : 
at  the  stake,  and  also  ascending  in  a 

"  Brave  Faithful!  bravely  done  in  word  and  deed. 
Judge,  witnesses,  and  jury,  have,  instead 
Of  overcoming  thee,  but  shewn  their  rage  ; 
When  they  are  dead  thou'lt  live  from  age  to  age." 

Page  142  contains  the  twelfth  pic-  standing  at  the  door  with  a  club  in 

ture,  which  represents  Doubting  Castle,  his  hand. 

and  Christian  and  Hopeful  imprisoned  The  following  lines  are  under  this 

in  it  (for  having  wandered  into  a  more  picture : 
easy    road) ;   and  Giant   Despair    is 


1843.] 


Early  Edition  of  BunyarCs  Pilgrims  Progress. 


263 


''  The  Pilgrims  now  to  gratifie  the  flesh, 
Will  seek  its  ease,  but,  oh  !  how  they  afresh 
Do  thereby  plunge  themselves  new  griefs  into  ! 
Who  seek  to  please  the  flesh,  themseWes  undo." 

Page    150   contains   the  thirteenth     the   shepherds.     The  following  lines 
picture,  representing  the  Pilgrims  on     are  under  it : 
the  Delectable  mountains,  greeted  by 

**  Mountains  delectable  they  now  ascend, 

Where  shepherds  be,  which  to  them  do  commend 
Alluring  things,  and  things  that  cautious  are  ; 
Pilgrims  are  steady,  kept  by  faith  and  fear.'' 

Page  196  contains  the  fourteenth  or  Death,  with  two  angels  standing  on 
last  picture,  representing  Christian  the  shore  to  receive  them.  The  fol- 
and    Hopeful   passing    the    river    of     lowing  lines  are  under  the  picture  : 

**  Now,  now  look  how  the  holy  Pilgrims  ride, 
Clouds  are  their  chariots,  angels  are  their  guide  ! 
Who  would  not  here  for  him  all  hazards  run, 
That  thus  provides  for  his  when  this  world's  done." 


The  narrative  then  goes  on  to  the 
end  of  the  204th  page  to  the  conclud- 
ing words,  "So  I  awoke,  and  behold 
it  was  a  dream  ;"  but  the  last  leaf  is 
torn  out,  which,  I  presume,  contained 
the  Epilogue,  which  the  author  wrote 
on  the  conclusion  of  the  first  part  of 
the  work,  commencing  with 

"  Now,  reader,  I  have  told  my  dream  to 
thee,"  &c.  Sec. 

I  am  led  to  this  belief  because  the 
word  "  The  "  is  printed  at  the  bottom 
of  the  last  page,  indicating  a  continu- 
ance on  the  next  page. 

The  back  of  each  picture  is  covered 
with  the  letter-press,  and  the  book 
was  evidently  bound  in  leather,  but  it 
was  torn  off  some  time  or  other,  leav- 
ing only  the  boards. 

The  loss  of  the  leaves  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  book  appears  to  be  as  fol- 
lows :  first  the  title  page,  and  also  the 
page  on  the  back  of  it,  which  1  pre- 
sume contained  the  words  "  The  Au- 
thor's Apology  for  his  book,"  *  and 
thirty-two  lines  of  the  Apology.  The 
second  leaf  is  also  gone,  each  page  of 
which,  I  presume,  contained  thirty- 
four  lines  of  the  Apology,  and  this 
brings  us  to  the  words,  '*  Why, 
what 's  the  matter  ? "  &c.  as  before 
stated. 

Here  then  we  have  an  old  book, 
containing  only  the  first  part  of  the 
Pilgrim's  Progress,  and  the  question 
is.  What  edition  is  it  ?  Now,  in  endea- 
vouring to  throw  some  light  upon  the 
subject,  I  shall  first  quote  a  passage 

*  These  words  are  at  the  top  of  each 
page  of  the  Apology. 


from  p.  Ixxvi.  of  Mr.  Southey's  life  of 
Bunyan,  which  is  as  follows  : 

"  It  is  not  known  in  what  year  the  Pil- 
grim's Progress  was  first  published,  no 
copy  of  the  first  edition  having  as  yet 
been  discovered ;  the  second  is  in  the 
British  Museum ;  it  is  *  with  additions,' 
and  its  date  is  1678  ;  but  as  the  book  is 
known  to  have  been  written  during  Bun- 
yan's  imprisonment,  which  terminated  in 
1672,  it  was  probably  published  before 
his  release,  or  at  latest  immediately  after 
it.  The  earliest  with  which  Mr.  Major 
has  been  able  to  supply  me,  either  by 
means  of  his  own  diligent  inquiries  or 
the  kindness  of  his  friends,  is  that  "  eighth 
e-di-ti-on,"  so  humorously  introduced 
by  Gay,  and  printed,  not  for  Nicholas  • 
Bod  ding-ton,  but  for  Nathanael  Ponder, 
at  the  Peacock  in  the  Poultry,  near  the 
church,  1682;  for  whom  also  the  ninth 
was  published  in  1684,  and  the  tenth  in 
1685.  All  these  no  doubt  were  large  im- 
pressions. 

**  This  noted  eighth  edition  is  *  with 
additions  ; '  but  there  is  no  reason  to  sup- 
pose that  they  were  *  new  ones,  never 
made  before,'  for  the  ninth  and  tenth 
bear  the  same  promise,  and  contain  no 
alteration  whatever.  One  passage,  of  con- 
siderable length,  was  added  after  the  se- 
cond edition, — the  whole  scenebetween  old 
By-ends  and  his  three  friends,  and  their 
subsequent  discourse  with  Christian  and 
Faithful.f  It  appears  to  have  been  writ- 
ten with  reference  to  some  particular  case, 
and  in  Banyan's  circle  the  name  of  the 
person  intended  was  probably  well  known. 

*  This  immortal  name  appears  to  the 
sixth  edition  of  the  second  part,  '*  printed 
for  Robert  Ponder,  and  sold  by  Nicholas 
Boddington  m  Duck  Lane,  1693." 

t  It  should  be  Hopeful.— J.  A. 


264 


Eorly  Edition  of  BunyarCs  PUgrinCa  Progress. 


[Sept. 


Perhaps  it  was  first  inserted  in  the  fourth 
impression,  '  which  had  many  additions, 
more  than  any  preceding ; '  this  is  stated 
in  an  advertisement  on  the  back  of  the 
frontispiece  to  the  eighth ,  where  it  is  also 
said,  '  The  publisher,  observing  that  many 
persons  desired  to  have  it  illustrated  with 
pictares,  hath  endeavoured  to  gratify  them 
therein  ;  and,  besides  those  that  are  or- 
dinarily printed  to  the  fifth  impression, 
hath  provided  thirteen  copper  cuts,  curi- 
ously engraven,  for  such  as  desire  them.' 
This  notice  is  repeated  in  the  next  edition, 
with  this  alteration,  that  the  seventh  in- 
stead of  the  fourth  is  named  as  having 
the  additions,  and  the  eighth  as  that  which 
had  the  ordinary  prints.  I  can  only  say 
with  certainty  that  no  additions  have 
been  made  subsequently  to  the  eighth,  and 
no  other  alterations  than  such  verbal  ones 
as  an  editor  has  sometimes  thought  pro- 
per to  make,  or  as  creep  into  all  books 
which  are  reprinted  without  a  careful  col- 
lation of  the  text." 

Now  if  the  above-mentioned  dis- 
course did  not  at  all  appear  until  the 
fourth  impression,  it  follows  that  the 
copy  in  question  in  my  possession 
could  not  have  been  of  prior  date  to 
that  impression,  as  it  does  contain  the 
conversation  alluded  to ;  but  it  is  pos- 
sible that  the  first  impression  may 
have  contained  it,  and  that  it  was  sup- 
pressed in  the  second  for  political  rea- 
sons. I  give  this  however,  merely  as 
a  surmise,  not  at  all  relying  upon  it. 

Mr.  Ivimey,  in  ^his  edition  of  the 
work,  published  in  1822,  writes  upon 
the  subject  as  follows : 

"  It  is  not  known  at  what  period  of 
Mr.  Bunyan's  confinement  the  Pilgrim's 
Progress  was  published.  The  second  edi- 
tion of  the  first  part  was  printed  in  1678, 
and  therefore  it  is  probable  the  work  was 
first  published  soon  after  his  release  from 
prison,  1673.  I  conjecture  it  was  written 
during  the  latter  part  of  his  imprison- 
ment, when  he  had  an  opportunity  of  re- 
viewing the  times  which  had  gone  over 
the  Nonconformists  throughout  the  hottest 
period  of  their  persecution. 

'*  This  view  of  the  subject  will  account 
for  the  great  diflference  of  opinion  which 
prevailed  among  the  friends  of  Mr.  Bun- 
yan,  to  whom  he  submitted  his  manu- 
script, respecting  the  propriety  of  pub- 
lishing it  to  the  world.  The  objectors 
might  think  it  unsafe  to  publish  those 
parts  of  the  work  which  too  severely  sa- 
tirize the  persecutors  of  the  Nonconform- 
ists ;  for  instance,  the  account  of  what 
the  pilgrims  suffered  at  Vanity  Fair,  &c. 
It  is  quite  characteristic  that  Mr.  Bunyan 
5 


should  resolve  to  do  it,  even  though  it 
might  expose  him  to  danger,  as  it  appears 
he  never  consulted  his  own  safety,  but 
how  he  might  best  serve  the  cause  of  truth 
and  righteousness, 

*'  This  opinion  respecting  the  supposed 
danger  which  might  attend  its  publication 
is  rendered  probable,  if  not  confirmed,  by 
the  circumstance  of  the  whole  of  that 
beautiful  satirical  episode,  the  conversation 
between  Mr.  By-ends,  Mr.  Money-love, 
&c.  and  the  reply  of  Christian,  not  being 
found  in  the  second  edition,  printed  in 
1678.  In  what  later  edition  it  was  first 
introduced  I  have  not  been  able  to  dis- 
cover ;  it  bears,  however,  visible  marks  of 
Mr.  Bunyan's  original  genius." 

Mr.  Ivimey  added  the  following  note 
to  the  above,  relative  to  the  second 
edition  : 

**  This  curious  book,  which  the  editor 
has  examined,  is  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
Gumey,  of  Walworth ;  it  was  published 
in  London,  by  Nathanael  Ponder,  at  the 
Peacock  in  the  Poultry,  near  Cornhill, 
1678.  The  ninth  edition  of  the  first  part 
was  published  1684." 

The  most  remarkable  parts  of  the 
edition  in  question,  in  my  possession, 
are  the  explanatory  verses  printed  un- 
der the  pictures,*  as  before  set  forth. 
I  should  think  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  they  were  written  by  Bunyan, 
and  if  so  they  prove  that  the  pictures 
in  question  were  either  designed  by 
him  or  under  his  superintendence. 

The  above  extract  from  the  life  by 
Mr.  Southey  traces  the  pictures  as  far 
back  as  the  fifth  edition,  and  the  ques- 
tion is  whether  they  were  also  in  the 
first,  Becond,t  third,  or  fourth  edition. 

Mr.  Southey  also  refers  to  the  lines 
under  the  pictures  in  p.  xxxii  of  the 
life,  where  he,  in  dwelling  upon  an- 
other point,  speaks  of  **  the  verses  that 
were  printed  under  the  illustrations 
to  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  when  that 
work  was  first  adorned  with  cuts  ;  " 
but  he  does  not  give  them  in  his  edi- 
tion, nor  are  they  set  forth  in  any  of 
the  modern  editions,  that  I  am  aware  of. 

With  respect  to  the  time  when  the 
second  part  of  the  work  was  first  pub- 

*  All  the  pictures  are  rude  woodcuts. 
It  will  be  observed  that  the  verse  under 
the  picture  of  Vanity  Fair  is  the  only  one 
in  alternate  rhyme. 

t  The  book  in  the  British  Museum 
would  prove  this  point  so  far  as  relates 
to  the  second  edition. 


1843.] 


Tke  Welsh  the  origin  of  the  Irish  language. 


265 


lished,  Mr.  Southey  says,  in  p.  Ixxviii 
of  the  Life,  that  it  "  appeared  in  1684, 
with  this  notice  on  the  back  of  the 
title-page,  '  I  appoint  Mr.  Nathaniel 
Ponder,  but  no   other,  to  print  this 

book.  John  Bunyan,  January  1, 1684/ " 
And  Mr.  Southey  added,  that  "  qq 
additions  or  alterations  were  made  in 
this  partf  though  the  author  lived 
more  than  four  years  after  its  publi-i 
cation." 

Now  this  goes  to  show  that  the 
second  part  was  not  published  before 
the  ninth  edition  of  the  first  part, 
which  took  place  in  1684,  as  before 
stated. 

Should  these  observations  tend  to 
throw  any  additional  light  relative  to 
the  early  editions  of  the  Pilgrim's 
Progress,  and  be  deemed  worthy  of 
insertion  in  your  excellent  Magazine, 
they  are  much  at  your  service. 

Yours,  &c.        Jabez  Allibs. 


Mr.  Urban,     Newport,  Aug.  4. 

I  AM  not  surprized  that  my  former 
letter  should  not  meet  with  the  appro- 
bation of  Sir  W.  Betham,  opposing  as 
it  did  his  theory  of  the  Irish  being 
the  representative  of  the  ancient  Celtic. 
I  should  not  have  thought  it  necessary 
to  have  noticed  his  reveries,  but  that 
they  have  been  so  far  mischievous  as 
to  have  been  adopted  by  the  editor  of 
a  popular  work,  (the  Pictorial  History 
of  England,)  who,  probably  to  save 
himself  trouble,  took  the  last  work 
published  on  the  subject,  and  has 
suffered  himself  to  be  persuaded  t^at 
the  Ancient  Britons  were  Irish,  and 
that  the  Welsh  are  the  descendant^  of 
the  Teutonic  Picts.  I  maintain,  how- 
ever, that  the  Welsh  are  the  represen- 
tatives of  the  Celts,  and  that  the  Irish 
language,  properly  so  called,  did  not 
exist  previously  to  the  Christian  era. 
I  readily  agree  that  assertions  on 
Celtic  matters,  however  dogmatically 
maintained,  are  of  no  weight  unless 
accompanied  by  proofs.  Had  Sir  W. 
B.  made  himself  properly  acquainted 
with  the  Welsh,  he  could  not  have  said 
that  there  was  no  affinity  between  it 
and  the  Irish.  I  have  made  the  two 
my  study  for  many  years,  and  the 
conclusion  that  I  have  arrived  at  is, 
that  Welsh  must  have  been  the 
aboriginal  language  of  Ireland,  as  it 
forms  the  basis  of  the  Irish  language, 
lliere  are  also  scores  of  primitives  in 

Gbnt,  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


the  Irish  which  are  identical  with  the 
Teutonic  dialects,  but  which  have  no- 
thing similar  in  Welsh  (a  strong 
proof  certainly  that  the  Welsh  have 
sprung  from  tne  Teutonic  Picts).  A 
third  element,  but  in  a  more  sparing 
degree,  is  identical  with  the  Basque  ac- 
cording to  Llwyd,  to  whose  opinions 
Sir  W.  pays  so  much  deference,  (see 
p.  3  of  Preface,  "at  y  Cymry)."  I 
may  here  advert  to  two  interesting 
papers  lately  read  before  and  published 
by  the  Philological  Society  bearing  on 
this  subject,  by  a  gentleman,  the  Rev., 
R.  Garnett^  who  can  be  in  no  ways 
biassed,  and  whose  opinion,  as  the 
result  of  long  inquiry,  is  peculiarly 
valuable.    He  says, 

**  Several  elaborate  attempts  have  been 
made  to  show  that  the  language  of  the 
Gauls  and  other  continental  Celts,  and 
consequently  that  of  a  majority  of  the 
Britons,  was  in  fact  Gaelic ;  the  Armoric 
and  Cymric  dialects  being  peculiar  to  the 
Picts.  Though  our  materials  for  deciding 
this  question  are  not  very  copious,  it  is 
believed  that,  if  fairly  examined  and  used, 
they  will  be  found  sufficient.  Besides 
many  proper  names,  Greek  and  Latin 
authors  have  preserved  several  hundred 
Gallic  words,  many  of  them  appellations 
of  plants  and  other  common  objects.  A 
considerable  proportion  may  be  identified 
as  still  subsisting,  or  capable  of  explana^ 
tion,  in  living  Celtic  tongues  ;  but,  as  far 
as  they  go,  they  do  not  afford  much 
countenance  to  the  GaeUc  hypothesis. 
Some  of  them  are  undoubtedly  found  in 
Gaelic,  but  very  few  exclusively  so ;  and 
what  may  be  considered  as  decisive  of  the 
question  is,  that  the  forms  of  the  most 
remarkable  words  cannot  be  reconciled  Co 
the  peculiarities  of  the  Gaelic  dialects. 
The  following  instances,  to  which  many 
others  might  be  added,  may  perhaps  h% 
regarded  as  affording  some  countenanca 
to  this  assertion.  Petorriiumf  a  four- 
wheeled  carriage,  adduced  as  a  Gallic 
word  by  Cicero,  Quintilian,  and  others  . 
Welsh,  peder  four,  and  rhod  a  wheel. 
[These  words  are  written  in  old  Welsh 
MSS.  peior  and  rot»]  Pempedula,  ac- 
cording to  Diosoorides,  Apuleius,  and 
other  ancient  medical  writers,  the  Gallic 
name  of  the  Q^inqutfolium,  or  cinque- 
foil.  In  Welsh,  pumdalen:  from  pump 
(Cornish  and  Armoric  ji/em/;)  five,  aaddalen 
a  leaf.  Candetum,  according  to  Columella, 
a  Gallic  measure  of  100  feet.  Welsh, 
cant,  a  hundred.  The  above  etymologies 
may  be  considered  as  certain ;  and  it  is 
equally  certain  that  words  including  those 
elements  could  not   be  Gaelic,  to  the 

2  M 


266 


Affinity  of  the  Welsh  to  the  Irish  language* 


[Sept* 


genius  and  shmcture  of  which  they  are 
totally  foreign.  The  Gaelic  terms  for 
fourf  five^  hundred^  are  respectively 
ceathairy  cuiff,  cead;  it  is  therefore  as 
impossible  that  the  words  we  have  ad- 
duced should  be   Gaelic,  as  that  TfTpO' 

(fnfXkov,     7r€VTa(j)vWov,      tKaTOfinedop, 
should  be  pure  Latin."  p.  93. 

Again,  p.  124,  the  same  writer 
well  observes, 

"The  Irish  or  Gaelic  resembles  the 
Welsh  in  many  points  of  grammatical 
structure,  in  a  considerable  proportion  of 
its  vocabulary,  and  in  that  remarkable 
system  of  initial  mutations  of  consonants, 
which  distinguishes  the  Celtic  from  all 
others  in  Europe." 

Wishing  to  trespass  as  little  as  1  can 
on  your  space,  1  shall  lay  before  the 
reader  a  conclusive  proof  of  the  af- 
finity of  the  Welsh  and  Irish  in  the 
following  comparative  table  of  primi- 
tive words,  commencing  with  the 
letter  C  only. 

Welsh,  Irish* 

Caban,  Caban,  a  cottage. 

Cad,  Cath,  a  battle. 

Cadarn,  Cadranta,  strong, 

Cadas,  Cadas,  brocade, 

Cadair,  Cathair,  a  chair, 

Caer,  Cathair,  a  city, 

Caib,  Caib,  a  mattock, 

Cain,  Cain,yair,  chaste. 

Call,  Callaidh,  clever. 

Cam,  Cam,  crooked. 

Cam,  Ceimf  a  pace, 

CiLn,  Can,  a  song. 

Can,  Can,  white. 

Car,  Cara,  a  kinsman. 

Care,  Care,  anxiety, 

Carreg,  Carragh,  a  stone. 

Cam,  Carn,  a  heap  of  stones, 
Carol,  a  carol,   CarnUl,  to  sing, 

Carw,  Cairfhiadh,  a  stag. 

Carp,  Cearb,  a  rag, 
Cawg,  Cawgen,  Gogan,a  bason. 


C6s, 

Cath, 

Cawell, 

Cawl, 

Caws, 

Ceiliog, 

Ceirch, 

Celu, 

Celg, 

Celyn, 

CeUi, 

Cenedl, 

Cerdh, 

Ci, 

Ccrbyd, 

Cist, 

Cil, 


Cais,  hatred. 
Cat,  a  cat, 
Cliabh,  a  hamper, 
Ckl,  cole, 
Caise,  cheese, 
Caileach,  a  cock, 
Coirce,  oats. 
Ceil,  to  conceal, 
Cealg,  Deceit. 
Cuileann,  holly, 
Coille,  a  grove, 
Cincal,  a  tribe, 
Ceard,  a  craft, 
Cu,  a  dog, 
Carbad,  a  chariot, 
Ciste,  a  chest. 
Cat,  back  of  tit  hcai. 


Welsh. 
CU, 

Cimwch, 
Clais, 
Clav, 
Clawdh, 
Cledh, 
Claws, 
Cledhyv, 
Clauar, 
Clocian, 
Clod, 
Clog, 
Clust, 
Clwt, 
Clwyd, 
Clywed, 
Cnoi, 
Cnau, 
Coes, 
Cov, 
Cog, 
Cog, 
Cogel, 
Cwran, 
Col, 

Colwyn, 
Coll, 
Corn, 
Cota, 
Craw, 
Crau, 
Creyr, 
Craig, 
Crin, 
Croen,  (Arm. 

crochen), 
Croes, 
Crogi, 
Crug, 

Crwm,  crom, 
Cryv, 
Craith, 
Crwn, 
Cryd, 
Crwth, 
Crynu, 
Cudhio, 
Cul, 
Cunog, 
Cwning, 
Cwyno, 
CyUtyr, 
Cynnud, 
Cywir, 
Cwch, 
Cyvyng, 
Cylion, 
Cwrwgl, 
Cwll, 
Cun, 


Irish, 
Cill,  a  retreat f  a  chum, 
Giomacli,  a  lobster. 
Clais,  a  stripe. 
Clamh,  sick. 
Cladh,  a  ditch, 
Clith,  the  left. 
Clos,  a  close. 
Cloidheamh,  a  sword. 
Clumhar,  warm. 
Gloc,  a  cluck. 
Cliu,  renown. 
Cloch,  a  steep  rock, 
Cluas,  the  ear, 
Clut,  a  chut, 
Cliath,  a  wattle, 
Cluin,  to  hear, 
Cnaoi,  to  chew, 
Cnu,  a  nut, 
Cos,  the  leg, 
Cuimhne,  memory, 
Cuach,  the  cuckoo. 
Coca,  a  cook, 
Coigeal,  a  distaff, 
Cuaran,  a  buskin, 
Colg,  awn  qf  barley. 
Cuillean,  a  whelp, 
Caill,  loss. 
Corn,  a  horn, 
Cutach,  short, 
Cro,  a  pigstye, 
Cru,  gore, 
Corr,  a  heron, 
Craig,  a  rock. 
Crion,  withered. 
Croicioun,  the  skin, 

Crois,  a  cross, 
Croch,  to  hang, 
Cruach,  a  heap, 
Crom,  crooked, 
Crodha,  strong, 
Creachd,  a  scar, 
Cruin,  round, 
Crith,  a  trembling, 
Cruit,  a  fiddle, 
Criothnuigh,  to  tremble, 
Comhdaich,  to  hide. 
Caol,  narrow, 
Cuinneag,  a  pail. 
Coinin,  a  rabbit, 
Caoin,  to  mourn, 
Coltar,  a  ploughshare. 
Connsidhf  fuel. 
Coir,  Just. 

Cuach,  a  boaty  a  bowl. 
Cumhang,  strait. 
Cuileog,  files. 
Curach,  a  coracle. 
Goile,  a  stomach, 
Gein,  a  wedge. 


2.  Most  antiquaries  are  agreed  that 
the  Belgse  migrated  into  Ireland  after 
the  Christian   era:    the  Belgse  were 


1.843.] 


German  infused  into  the  Irish,  language* 


26/ 


Teutones,  and  we  have  Ceesar's  au- 
thority that  they  were  perfectly  dis- 
tinct from  the  aborigines^  who  were 
Celts,  and  the  ancestors  of  the  Welsh. 
The  Belgse  infused  the  Germanic  ele- 
ment into  the  Irish  language,  in  proof 
of  which  see  the  following  table,  of 
words  commencing  with  B  only. 

Irish, 

Baiter y  water ;  Dan.  vater;  Sax.  water, 

J^etVf m,  to  bear  ;  Goth,  datran;  Swed. 
baera, 

Beit,  both;  Dan.  and  Germ,  beide; 
Goth,  bayoths ;  Sw.  baeda ;  Dan.  baade, 

Beithir  (pronounced  beir),  a  bear; 
Anglo-Sax.  bera;  Germ,  baer ;  Belg.  beer, 

Buydhe  (buye),  bay  colour. 

Bonaidf  bonnet ;  Teutonic,  bonet, 

Brod,  a  goad ;  Dan.  brod, 

Badhf  a  bay ;  Dan.  baai. 

Bag,  a  bag. 

Baigeir,  a  beggar;  Germ^  begehren; 
D.  begeeren,  to  beg. 

BailCf  a  balk  between  furrows ;  Swed. 
balk,  a  partition. 

Bailisdear,  a  blusterer ;  Dan.  blusaer. 

Bait,  beilt,  a  belt ;  Sax.  belt;  Swed. 
btelt ;  Dan.  baelte, 

Bancait,  a  banquet ;  Teut.  bancket, 

Bann,  a  band  or  bond;  Germ,  bann 
and  band. 

Bar,  Old  Saxon,  beam ;  Dan.  biom,  a 
man. 

Bare,  Germ.  Swed.  bark ;  Dan.  barke, 
a  boat. 

Barradh,  Germ,  bar;  Teut.  bar  and 
bara,  a  bier,  a  barrow. 

Bat,  a  bath  ;  Dutch,  bad. 

Bat,  a  stick  ;  Germ,  bait ;  Angl.  Sax. 
bat. 

Bat,  a  boat;  Dan.  baad\  Old  Sax.  bat\ 
I  si.  baatur, 

Beic,  a  beak ;  Sax.  piic ;  Sw.  pigg,  pik, 

Beim,  a  beam ;  Goth,  bagnis,  a  tree ; 
Sax.  beam;  Germ,  baum;  D.  boom, 

Beinc,  a  bench ;  Sax.  bene. 

Beirm,  barm ;  Sax.  beorm. 

Beist,  a  beast;  Dan.  bceat,  beest ; 
Dutch,  beest, 

Beoir,  beer ;  Dutch  and  Germ.  bier. 

Bil,  a  bird's  bill ;  Sax.  bile. 

Blagh,  to  blow ;  Sax.  blowan ;  Germ. 
blahen, 

^/arfar,  to  flatter ;  Island,  ^(fra. 

Blob,  blubberlipped. 

Boban,  Germ,  bub,  a  young  child. 

Bocaa,  a  box  ;  Germ,  buchse. 

Bog,  a  bog. 

Boire,  a  hole ;  Scotch,  boir. 

B61,  a  bowl ;  Dutch,  bol, 

Borr,  high ;  Germ,  por, 

Boraa,  a  purse ;  Germ,  bursa. 

Bra,  a  brow;  Germt  braue;  Dutch; 
braauw. 


Brann,  a  brand ;  Germ.  Sax.  Swed. 
brand,  from  brennan,  to  bum. 

Beann,  a  bone;  Sax.  ban;  Sw.  ben; 
Dutch  and  Dan.  been, 

Bratt,  a  cloak ;  Anglo-Sax.  bratt. 

Breath,  bright ;  Sax.  briht,  birht  ; 
Goth,  bairtiyan, 

Brib,  a  bribe. 

Briar,  a  brier ;  Saxon,  braer. 

Bris,  to  bruise ;  Sax.  bryaan. 

Brisg,  brisk. 

Buille,  a  blow ;  Germ,  beul. 

Bus,  a  kiss  ;  Germ.  buss. 

On  this  point  Mr.  Garnett  observes, — 

**  Some  eminent  scholars,  particularly 
Adelung  and  Price  (the  editor  of  War- 
ton's  *  History  of  Poetry'),  have  ex- 
pressed an  opinion  that  Welsh  was  in  fact 
the  language  of  the  Belgic  Gauls,  and 
state  as  a  proof  of  this,  that  it  exhibits 
strong  symptoms  of  admixture  with  Teu- 
tonic. There  appears  to  be  no  solid 
foundation  for  this  hypothesis.  There 
are  undoubtedly  a  number  of  Teutonic 
words  in  the  Armorican  dialects  and  still 
more  in  the  Irish,  which  may  have  been 
derived  from  the  Belgse  of  Gaul  or  Britain, 
or  the  Firbolg,  said  to  have  preceded  the 
Scoti  in  Ireland.  But  the  Cymry  proper, 
or  the  Welsh,  were  of  all  known  Celtic 
tribes  the  most  remote  from  Germanic 
influence.  It  is  not  to  be  supposed  that 
Belgic  immigrants  in  Hampshire  and 
Wiltshire  could  influence  the  language  of 
Strath  Clyde,  Cumberland,  or  North 
Wales,  and,  excepting  a  few  terms  adopted 
at  a  comparatively  recent  period  from  the 
Anglo-Saxon  or  English,  there  is  nothing 
in  the  whole  compass  of  the  language  that 
can  be  proved  to  be  borrowed  from  the 
Teutonic.  Words  with  Germanic  pre- 
fixes and  aflixes  are  totally  unknown,  and, 
where  the  terms  are  cognate,  the  pecu- 
liarity of  form  proves  the  Welsh  ones  to 
be  genuine."  p.  96. 

Again,— 

'<  Some  philologists  have  expressed  an 
opinion  that  the  Scoti  or  Milesians  were 
of  Germanic  race,  or,  at  all  events,  had 
been  subjected  to  Germanic  admixture; 
and  the  Irish  language,  as  we  now  find  it, 
certainly  gives  some  countenance  to  that 
hypothesis.  For  example,  teanga  is  the 
only  word  current  for  tongue,  totally  dif- 
ferent from  the  Welsh  tavod ;  and  teighis, 
to  heal,  leagh,  physical,  are  evident  coun- 
terparts of  our  Saxon  term  leech.  Some 
(Teutonic)  terms  may  have  been  intro- 
duced in  the  ninth  and  following  centuries 
by  the  Northmen,  but  many  of  them  occur 
in  the  oldest  known  monuments  of  the 
language  ;  they  are  also  accompanied  by 

mapy  cQmp^un^  and  denratiyes,  which 


268 


Original  Letter  of  Ben  Jonson's. 


[Sept. 


is  commonly  regarded  as  a  proof  of  long 
naturalization,  and  are  moreover  current 
in  Connaughty  where  the  Danes  never  had 
any  permanent  settlement.     One  of  the 
most  remarkable  indications  of  a  Teutonic 
affinity  is  the  termination  nas  or  nis  ex- 
actly corresponding  to  our  ness  in  great- 
nestf  goodness;    ex,  gr,    breitheamito^, 
judgment;   fiadhnttf,   witness,   &c.    This 
affix  is  too  completely  incorporated  in  the 
language  to  be  a  borrowed  term,  and  it 
moreover  appears  to  be  significant  in  the 
sense  of  state,  condition,  in  Irish,  though 
not  in  (Grerman.    As  far  as  the  writer 
knows,  it  is  confined  to  the  Gaelic  and 
Teutonic    dialects.     The    Irish    seaibh, 
property,  possession,  adj.  sealbkaehf  prv- 
ftriuSt  would  also  furnish  a  plausible  origin 
for  the  Grerman  selber,  self,  a  word  which 
has  no  known  Teutonic  etymology.    These 
approximations,  and  various  others  which 
might  be  pointed  out,  not  only  to  the  Ger- 
man, but  to  Latin,  Sanscrit,  and  other  lan- 
guages of  their  class,  seem  to  show  that 
the   distinctive    portion    of   the    Gaelic 
tongues  is  of  comparatively  later  intro- 
duction into  the  west  of  Europe,  and  that 
the  Welsh    and  Armorican   have  more 
fsithfully  preserved   the  peculiarities  of 
the  ancient  Celtic.    For  instance,  the  en- 
tire  want  of  cases  in  Welsh,  Cornish,  and 
Breton,  is  a  mark  of  antiquity  exhibited 
by  no  other  European  tongue,  in  its  ori- 
ginal condition.!'  p.  126. 

These  very  important  extracts,  with 
the  proofs  I  have  furnished  above,  will 
satisfy  the  unbiassed  reader  that  Sir 
W.  Betham's  theories  are  at  variance 
with  fact.  His  deriving  the  Welsh 
from  the  Teutonic  Picts,  while  the 
German  element  is  so  evident  in  the 
Irish,  and  not  to  be  traced  in  the 
Welsh,  is  a  proof  that  he  has  not  made 
himself  duly  acquainted  with  the 
Welshdialects,  and  is  not  yet  sufficiently 
qualified  to  write  the  history  of  the 
Celts.  His  identifying  the  ancient 
Tuscan  with  Irish  is  another  great 
absurdity,  for  the  Irish  is  so  corrupt 
and  changed  that  the  earliest  MSS. 
are  unintelligible  to  the  modern  Irish 
scholar.  This,  I  presume,  will  be 
questioned,  and  I  am  glad  that  I  can 
furnish  the  proof  from  one  of  their 
most  patriotic  historians :—« 

"That  there  may  be  inherent  in  an 
original  language  like  the  Irish  a  self-con- 
servative principle,  it  is  most  easy  to  be- 
lieve ;  but  we  yet  perceive  in  the  instance 
of  the  Highlanders  of  Scotland  how  much 
the  dialect  of  the  Irish,  spoken  by  that 
people,  has,  from  the  want  or  disuse  of  a 
written  standard,  become,  in  the  course 


of  time,  changed  and  corrupted,  and  still 
more  remarkably  in  the  instance  of  Ire- 
land itself,  where,  notwithstanding  its  ac- 
knowledged possession  of  the  art  of 
writing  from  the  time  of  the  mission  of 
St.  Patrick,  so  great  a  change  has  the 
language  undergone  during  that  interval, 
not  only  as  spoken  but  as  written,  that 
there  are  still  extant  several  fragments  of 
ancient  laws  and  poems,  whose  obsolete 
idiom  defies  the  skill  of  even  the  most 
practised  Irish  scholars  to  interpret  them.* ' 
Moore's  History  of  Ireland,  i.  61.* 

G.  T.  P. 


Mn  UnBAN       British  Mu&eum, 

MR.  URBAN,  ^j    2^ 

THE  following  epiaile  apologetical 
has  never,  I  believe,  appeared  in  print. 
As  it  may  prove  interesting  to  the 
lovers  of  dramatic  literature,  I  beg 
permission  to  place  it  upon  record 
through  the  medium  of  your  journal. 
It  is  written  in  the  poet's  neatest  hand, 
on  the  reverse  of  the  title  to  the  copy 
of  his  Masque  of  Queenes,  1609*  in 
the  Garrick  collection,  H.  30.  The 
masque  has  a  printed  dedication  to 
Prince  Henry. 

Yours,  &c.    J.  Winter  Jones. 

To  her  Sacred  Maiestie. 
Most  excellent  of  Queenes, 

The  same  zeale  that  studied  to  make 
this  invention  worthy  of  yo'  Maiestye's 
name,  hath  since  bene  carefull  to  give 
it  life,  and  authority :  that,  whatcouM 
then  be  obiected  to  sight  but  of  a  few, 
might  not  be  defrauded  of  the  applause 
due  to  it  from  all.  And,  because 
princes  (out  of  a  religious  respect  to 
they'  modesty)  may  wiselye  refuse  to 
be  the  publique  patrons  of  they'  owne 
actions,  I  chose  him,  that  is  the  next 
yo'  sacred  person,  and  might  the  wor- 
thiest of  mankind  give  it  proper  and 
naturall  defence.  Tlie  rather  since  it 
was  his  Highnesse  command  to  haue 
mee  adde  this  second  labor  of  anno- 
tation to  my  first  of  invention  :  and 
both  to  the  honor  of  yo'  Maiesty. 

Wherein  a  hearty  desire  to  please 
deserues  not  to  offend. 
By  the  most  loyall, 
and  zealous,  to  yo' 
Ma"*'  seruice, 

Ben  Jonson. 


*  This,  I  presume,  will  satisfy  G.  C. 
.115,  that  the  circumstance  mentioned 
y  him  cannot  possibly  be  true. 


I 


26<> 


RETROSPECTIVE  REVIEW. 


Rede  me,  and  be  nott  wrotbe ; 
For  I  saye  nothynge  but  trotbe. 


A  Satire  upon  Wohey  and  the  Romish  Clergy,    Bff  William  Roy* 

Sine  anno  vel  loco,  p.  144. 
THE  title  page  contains  an  engraving  of  tbe  Cardinal's  bat  and  arms,  wiUl 
two  lines  below. 

O  caytyfe  1  wben  thou  thynkest  least  of  all. 
With  confusion  tbou  sbalt  bave  a  fall. 

A  second  edition  bad  this  colophon :  "  Printed  at  Wesell  in  tbe  yeare  of  onr 
Lorde  1546,  in  tbe  last  of  June,  by  Henry  Nycolson."  This  from  its  typo- 
graphy is  suspected  to  have  been  really  printed  in  England,  and  the  former 
edition,  from  the  same  reason,  on  tbe  Continent.  Palmer  styles  the  book,  "  In- 
vectives against  Cardinal  Woolsey  ;*'  but  this  be  did  from  Mannsell's  Cata- 
logue. Herbert  has  also  wrongly  titled  it,  "  Burying  of  the  Mass,"  ;from 
Strype's  Eccles.  Memorials ;  but  these  slight  errors  are  rectified  in  Censura 
Literaria,  vol.  V.  p.  381.  Ellis,  (Specimens  of  English  Poets),  in  his  historic 
sketch  of  the  Progress  of  English  Poetry,  has  described  and  quoted  with  praise 
this  poem  of  Roy's.  Of  the  author,  he  says,  nothing  is  known,  but  that  Bale 
(de  Scriptoribus  Britannicis,  1548,  p.  254),  declares  that  he  flourished  in 
1526.  His  work,  which  has  long  been  of  the  greatest  rarity,  forms  a  small 
duodecimo  volume,  printed  in  black  letter.  It  has  a  prose  address  from  and  to 
some  persons,  of  whose  names  the  initials  alone  are  given,  and  a  metrical 
prologue  consisting  of  a  colloquy  between  the  author  and  his  treatise.  Then 
follows  a  satirical  lamentation  on  the  death  of  the  Mass ;  and  then  the  treatise 
itself,  which  is  called,  **  A  Brief  Dialogue  between  two  Priests'  Servants."  It  is 
in  two  parts ;  the  first  is  a  general  satire  on  the  monastic  orders,  though 
Cardinal  Wolsey  and  his  friends  are  occasionally  introduced.  Much  of  the 
second  part  forms  a  lampoon  on  the  Cardinal's  stateliness,  profligacy,  and  pride. 
Tbe  bitterness  of  Roy's  satire  must  have  made  him  as  hateful  to  the  Romish 
priesthood,  and  to  Wolsey  himself  as  Skelion  was.  .  The  writer,  however,  if 
be  was  in  England,  successfully  concealed  himself  from  Wolsey's  wrath,  and 
procured  his  libel  (if  it  can  be  so  called)  to  be  printed  abroad  by  a  friend. 
The  Cardinal,  however,  spared  no  pains  nor  expense  to  get  all  the  copies  into 
his  own  possession,  having  employed  some  emissary  to  buy  them  all  up. 
After  his  death  in  Nov.  1530,  the  poem  was  altered,  and  the  edge  of  the  satire 
taken  ofi^,  by  transferring  to  the  prelacy  generally  such  charges  as  were  origin- 
ally designated  only  for  Wolsey.  It  is  curious  that  this  tract  has  been  twice 
exhibited  at  the  meetings  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  and  both  times  at- 
tributed to  Skelion  instead  of  Roy,  So  it  was  by  Anstis,  in  a  letter  to  Dr. 
Fiddes,  who  speaks  of  it  in  his  life  of  Wolsey,  as  *'  a  scandalous  libel  written 
by  one  Skelton,  Poet  Laureat;"  evidently  confounding  it  with  "Why  come  ye 
not  to  Court  ?"  yet  Bale,  his  contemporary,  asserts  Roy  to  have  been  the  author 
of  it.  Roy,  says  Mr.  Gilchrist,  appears  to  have  been  an  ecclesiastic ;  he  re- 
sided sometime  withTindal,  whom  he  assisted  in  his  studies.  He  was  one  of 
tbe  translators  of  tbe  New  Testament  printed  at  Hamburgh  or  Antwerp  in 
1526.  He  afterwards  went  to  Strasburgh,  where  he  wrote  "Inter  Patrem 
Christianum  et  fllium  contumacem  dialogum  Christianum."  He  suffered  at 
the  stake  in  Portugal  for  heresy.  Tanner  surmises,  that  he  might  be  tbe  same 
Roy  whom  SirT.  More  remarked  to  have  written  an  exposition  of  the  7th  chap, 
of  the  Epistle  to  the  Corinthians.  A  book  made  by  Friar  Roy  against  the 
Seven  Sacraments  is  among  the  names  of  the  prohibited  books,  anno  1549. 
There  is  a  passage  in  Tindal's  preface  to ''  The  Ptirable  of  the  Wycked  Mam- 


270  Retrospbjctive  Review.  [Sept. 

roon,"  1536,  which  seems  to  point  to  a  coadjutor  to  Roy. — "  One  Jerome,  coming 
to  Argentyne,  (i.  e.  Strasburgh),  Wyllyam  Roy  got  him  to  him,  and  set  him 
a  worke  to  make  rymes,  while  he  himself  translated  a  Dyalogue  out  of  Latin 
into  Englishe,  in  whose  Prologue  he  promiseth  more  a  great  deale  than  1  feare 
he  ever  will  paye."  A  minute  entry  of  the  contents  of  this  work  is  given  in 
Herbert's  Typog.  Antiq.  iii.  1539.  An  injunction  was  issued  by  Henry  Vlll. 
forbidding  any  persons  to  keep  in  their  possession  any  of  the  works  of  Tindal, 
Roy,  Wicliffe,  and  others.  In  Fox's  Martyology  Tyndal's  report  of  his 
colleague,  "  Roy,"  is  not  very  creditable  to  him.  "  One  William  Roye,  a  man 
somewhat  craftye,  when  he  cometh  into  new  acquayntance,  and  before  he  be 
thorow  knowne,  and  namely  when  all  is  spent,  came  unto  me  and  offered  his 
helpe.  As  long  as  he  had  no  money,  somewhat  I  could  rule  hym ;  but  as 
soone  as  he  had  gotten  hym  money,  he  became  lyke  hymselfe  agayne.  He 
went  and  got  him  new  frendes,  whiche  thynge  to  doe,  he  passeth  all  that  ever 
I  yet  knewe.  His  tunge  is  able  not  only  to  make  fooles  sterke  mad,  but  also  to 
deceyve  the  wisest  that  is,  at  the  firste  acquayntauuce."  Mr.  Crutwell  observes 
in  his  Preface  to  Bp.  Wilson's  Bible,  that  "  Roy  wrote  for  Tindal,  and  helped 
him  to  compare  the  texts  together."  See  Supplement  to  the  Harleian  Mis- 
cellany, Vol.  IX.  p.  1,  ed.  1812. 
The  description  of  the  arms  of  the  Cardinal  is  as  follows  : 

Of  the  prowde  Cardinall  this  is  the  sbelde, 

Borne  up  between  two  angels  off  Sathan ; 
The  sixe  bloudy  axes  in  a  bare  felde, 

Sheweth  the  cruelte  of  the  red  man. 

Which  hathe  devoured  the  beautifuU  Swann,* 
Mortal  enemy  unto  the  whyte  Lion,* 
Carter  of  Yorcke  1  the  vyle  batchers  sonne. 

The  sixe  bulles  heddes,  in  a  felde  blacke, 

Betokeneth  hys  sturdy  furiousnes, 
Wherby,  the  godly  lyght  to  put  abacke. 

He  bryngeth  in  hys  dyveUshe  darcknes : 

The  bandog  in  the  middes  doth  expresse 
The  mastif-curre,  bred  in  Ypswitch  towne, 
Gnawynge  with  his  teth  a  kynges  crowne. 

The  cloubbe  signifieth  playne  his  tyranny, 

Covered  over  with  a  cardinalls  hat, 
Wherein  shalbe  fulfilled  the  prophecy — 

*'  Aryse  up,  Jacke,  and  put  on  thy  salatt,t 

For  the  tyme  is  come  of  bagge  and  walatt ; 
The  temporall  chevalry  thus  throwen  downe, 
Wherefor,  prest,  take  hede,  and  beware  thy  crowne." 

The  poem  begins  with  a  dialogue  between  "  the  author"  and  "  the  Treatous," 
each  speaking  in  alternate  stanzas  of  seven  lines,  and  furiously  inveighing 
against  the  iniquity  of  the  Cardinal,  as 

Fye  on  his  dyvilisshe  interdiccions, 
With  his  keyes,  lockes,  chaynes,  and  fetters  ; 

Fye  apon  all  his  jurisdiccions, 
And  apon  those  which  to  him  are  detters. 
Fye  apon  his  bulles,  breves,  and  letters ; 

Wherein  he  is  named  Servus  Servorum, 

Ut  inveniaiur  iniquitas  efus  ad  odium, 

Fye  on  his  golden  thre-folded  crowne, 

Whiche  he  useth  to  weare  apon  his  head  ; 
Fye  upon  his  majesty  and  renowne, 

Clayming  on  erthe  to  be  in  Christs  stead  ; 


*  The  beautifuU  swan  is  the  Duke  of  Buckingham.     The  white  lion  the  Duke  of 
J^orfolk. 

t  Salatt,  UelmH*    fv^nckSaMe,    Germ.  ^Qhak,    I^at.  Galea  ccelafa. 


1843,]  Roy*8  Scdire  upon  Wolsey.  271 

Fye  on  his  carkes  both  quycke  and  dead, 
Ejc  hoc  nunc  et  usque  in  seculunif 
XJt  inveniatur  iniquitas  ejus  ad  odium,  8fC, 

Then  follows  "  The  Lamentation,"  of  about  five  pages,  "  on  the  Decease  of 
the  Mass." 

Oure  gay  velvet  gownes  furred  with  sables, 

Which  werre  wont  to  kepe  us  from  colde  ; 
The  paulfreys  and  hackeneis  in  our  stables, 

Nowe  to  make  chevesauace  must  be  solde. 
Adue,  forked  mitres  and  crosses  of  golde, 

Seyinge  that  gone  is  the  Masse  ! 

Now  deceased,  alas  !  alas  ! 

We  shall  nowe  abate  our  welthy  tables^ 

With  delicate  daynties  so  delicious ; 
Oure  mery  jestes  and  pleasaunt  foUes, 

Are  now  tourned  to  matters  dolorous. 
We  must  lay  doune  oar  estate  so  pompous, 

Seyinge  that  gone  is  the  masse  I 

Now  deceased.     Alas  !  alas  ! 

Our  fyngres  shyninge  with  precyous  stones, 

Sett  in  golden  rynges  of  ryche  valoure. 
Our  efifeminate  fleshe  and  tender  bones, 

Shal  be  con  stray  ned  to  faule  into  laboure  ; 
For  why  ?  decayed  is  all  our  honoure. 

Seyinge  that  gone  is  the  masse  I 

Now  deceased.     Alas  !  alas ! 

Where  as  we  used  upon  mules  to  ryde, 

Nowe  we  must  needes  prycke  afoote  a  lone, 
Oure  wanton  daliaunce,  and  bostinge  pride 
With  wofull  misery  is  over  gone ; 
Oure  glystcringe  golde  is  turned  to  a  stone, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas  ! 

We  had  our  servauntes,  in  most  courtly  wyse, 

In  greate  multitude  folowinge  oure  tayle, 
With  garded  lyverey  after  the  newe  gyse, 
Whome  we  frely  supported  to  jest  and  rayle  ; 
How  be  it,  nowe  cache  from  wother  shall  fayle, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas  I 

Our  poure  kynred  we  lytell  understode 

And  of  whatt  vilnes  oure  pompe  did  aryse, 
We  desdayned  the  estates  of  noble  blode, 
Nothing  afrayde  our  betters  to  despyse  ; 
Wherfor  agaynst  us  they  will  nowe  surmyse, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas  I 

We  were  called  lordes  and  doctoures  reverente, 

Royally  raignynge  in  the  spretualt^  ; 
In  every  place  wheare  we  were  presente, 
They  vayled  their  bonetes,  and  bowed  a  knee. 
But  it  begynneth  nowe  to  other  wyse  to  be, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas  !  alas  ! 

We  devowred  the  sustenaunce  of  the  poore, 
Wastynge  the  goodes  of  people  temporal!, 
Wherwith  we  norysshed  many  a  w         c, 
To  satisfye  our  pleasure  bestiall. 
And  yet  we  were  counted  spretuall. 
Under  faveoure  of  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas  !  alas ! 


272  RsTROSPXCTiTS  Rbview.— Roy'a  Satire.  [Sept. 

•  •  •  • 

The  masse  farre  ezceedeth  mannis  reason, 

Oft  tymes  of  foule  wether  makynge  fayre  ; 
It  causeth  frute  for  to  rype  in  season, 
Puttynge  away  infeccions  of  the  ayre  ; 
Greate  estate^s  frendshippe  stably  to  repayre, 
Have  confirmacion  by  the  Matae, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas ! 

The  Masse  in  due  time  procureth  rayne, 

Whereby  floures  and  erbes  freshly  do  sprynge  ; 
And  Masse  maketh  it  for  to  sease  agayne. 
When  it  so  abonndeth  to  their  hyndryii|;«. 
All  maner  matrymony  and  marylnge 
Is  solemnysed  by  th«  Masse  s 
Nowe  d«ee««ed  alas !  aUt ! 

To  souldears  and  men  goyn^  a  wftrre«fer», 

The  Masse  is  ever  a  sore  proteoeion  ) 
It  presenreth  people  from  woftiU  oar«| 
Dryvynge  away  all  afllioeion. 
Alas !  who  can  shewe  by  deseripcioa 
All  the  profettef  of  the  Mmw 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alaa ! 

:^  iKL  m  m 

Whatt  avayleth  nowe  to  have  a  shaven  hedde. 

Or  to  be  aparelled  with  a  longe  gowne  ; 
Oure  anoynted  hondes  do  as  lytle  steddoi 
Wheras  the  Masse  Is  thus  plucked  downe. 
Unto  our  dishonoure  all  doeth  rebowne^ 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas ! 

The  gooddes  of  the  Church  eare  taken  awaye» 

Given  to  poore  folkes  soffirynge  indigence ; 
The  devyne  servyce  utterly  doeth  decaye. 
With  halowed  oyle,  salt,  and  firankyncense ; 
To  holy  water  they  have  no  revereiice, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masae^ 
Nowe  deceased,  alas  !  alas ! 

All  people,  because  the  Masse  is  departed, 

Seketh  nowe  ceremonies  to  confbunde, 
The  aultres  of  the  Lorde  are  subverted. 
With  ymages  which  cost  many  a  pounde ; 
The  temples  also  are  throwen  to  the  grounde, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Ma8«e« 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas  \ 

Wherfore,  nowe  of  my  ijamentaoioii 
To  make  an  ende,  without  delayer 
Fare  well  O  holy  consecraclon, 
With  blyssed  Sancttu  and  Agnus  Dei  I 
No  longer  nowe  with  you  we  can  praye, 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas  ! 

Adue !  gentle  Dominus  Vobitcum^ 
With  comfortable  He  Missa  ests 
Requiem  etemam  is  nowe  undon. 
By  whom  we  had  many  a  fest. 
Requiescat  in  pace ^  and  goode  rest. 
Seynge  that  gone  is  the  Masse, 
Nowe  deceased,  alas !  alas ! 

{To  he  continued,) 


273 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


HuUean  Lectures  for  1839.  Man's 
Responsibility  in  reference  to  his 
Religions  Belief,  explained  and  en- 
forced. By  Rev,  Theyre  Sroitb,  A.M. 
IT  is  the  very  excellence  of  these 
discourses  that  makes  any  analysis  of 
their  contents,  within  the  compass  of 
space  which  we  possess^  impossible, 
and  we  are  obliged  to  confess  that  we 
can  do  little  more  than  express  the 
satisfaction  with  which  we  have  read 
them,  and  point  out  the  sound  and 
clear  reasoning  in  which,  as  in  a  pure 
medium,  the  whole  argument  may  be 
viewed.  The  question — the  very  im- 
portant question  submitted  to  examina- 
tion is — concerning  men's  responsibility 
informing  their  opinions,  or  in  regard  to 
their  belief:  and  it  has  arisen  from  the 
fact  that  persons  are  to  be  found, 
"who  would  not  be  suspected  of  dis- 
owning their  accountableness  in  regards 
to  their  conduct,  affirming  in  the  most 
positive  manner  a  position  which  un- 
questionably implies  the  negative  of  all 
responsibility  in  reference  to  their 
opinions, — the  position  that  belief  or 
opinion  is  wholly  independent  of  the 
will ;  for  there  can  be  no  responsibility, 
there  can  be  no  merit  or  demerit  in 
operations  of  the  mind  in  which  the 
will  is  in  no  degree  implicated  and 
perfectly  quiescent."  That  man  is 
responsible  in  regard  to  his  belief, 
the  author  observes,  "  though  this 
doctrine  may  be  properly  called  a  doc- 
trine of  Scripture,  IB  assumed  in  the 
Scripture  to  be  a  deduction  of  human 
reason,  or  tapable  of  proof  on  its  own 
merits."  The  design  then  of  these 
discourses  is  to  vindicate  the  assump- 
tion of  Christianity,  that  we  are  ac- 
countable in  regard  to  our  belief;  to 
shew  that  this  is  as  clearly,  though 
not  so  readily  a  conclusion  of  our 
reason  as  that  we  are  accountable  in 
regard  to  our  conduct ;  and  that  those 
familiar  but  essential  facts  of  human 
experience,  which  have  led  mankind 
in  general,  in  a  greater  or  less  degree, 
to  judge  themselves  and  others  worthy 
of  reproach  or  commendation  in  form- 
ing their  opinions,  must,  if  closely 
investigated  and  pursued  to  their  con- 
Gbnt,  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


sequences,  place  this  assumption  of 
Christianity  beyond  dispute :  in  other 
words,  "  Speaking  consistently  with 
the  various  conditions  in  which  indi- 
viduals and  multitudes  are  placed,  we 
are  as  certainly  in  a  state  of  moral 
probation  in  the  exercise  of  our  under- 
standing on  the  subject  of  religion,  as 
we  are  in  fulfilling  or  neglecting  any 
duties  to  the  Creator  whatsoever." 
We  must,  however,  not  leave  the  pro- 
posed argument  in  its  imperfect^  and 
unfinished  state,  but  see  the  full  pur- 
pose and  aim  of  the  author,  as  he  ad- 
vances to  its  completion.  It  is  not 
sufficient  to  prove  that  accountable- 
ness attaches  to  mankind  in  respect  to 
their  belief  or  opinions ;  but  it  is  ne- 
cessary to  attract  attention  to  the 
extent  of  that  accountableness,  and  to 
the  close  connection  which  there  ia 
between  a  full  acknowledgment  of  it, 
and  the  religious  and  moral  welfare  of 
mankind.  Mr.  Smith  considers  thatour 
responsibility  grows  in  our  apprehen- 
sions as  we  improve  our  knowledge  of 
man  as  an  accountable  being,  and  that 
if  the  moral  principle  be  sustained^ 
it  must  take  a  firmer  hold  upon  the 
convictions  of  mankind.  The  author 
applies  this  to  the  case  of  the  Jews 
(p.  2)  in  their  rejection  of  Christ,  and 
concludes,  "that  men  are  liable  to 
contract  guilt  before  God,  and  to 
incur  his  signal  displeasure,  through 
a  misuse  or  evasion  of  that  evidence 
by  which  his  will  is  ascertained,  as 
well  as  through  a  wilful  violation  or 
careless  observance  of  his  known  com- 
mandments:  that  impiety  and  vice 
may  be  as  certainly  at  work  in  the 
exercise  of  the  understanding,  as  in 
the  instigation  of  our  conduct  or  course 
of  life."  The  following  observation 
we  consider  correct,  and  not  in  its  im- 
portance to  be  overlooked.  When  the 
Scripture  says,  "He  that  believeth 
not  is  condemned  already,  because  he 
hath  not  believed,"  if  such  a  declara- 
tion appears  like  a  paradox,  or  arbi- 
trary dogma,  the  reason  is,  that  we 
consider  belief  or  disbelief  as  a  matter 
of  instant  choice  or  direct  volition ;  or 
if  it  were  possible  that  the  judgment 

2N 


274 


Review.— Smith's  Huhean  Lectures, 


[Sept 


with  respect  to  any  question  under 
immediate  examination  could  be  other- 
wise determined  than  by  an  apparent 
preponderance  of  the  evidence ;  and 
thus  by  this  false  and  superficial  view 
an  important  truth  is  brought  into  dis- 
credit and  neglect.  The  accountable- 
ness  of  men  in  the  formation  of  their 
opinions  is  then  brought  forward  and 
illustrated,  and  the  effect  of  the  pas- 
sions and  the  affections  over  the  judg- 
ment ;  and  as  actions  (for  which  we 
are  confessedly  accountable)  are  the 
consequences  of  opinions,  so  our  duty 
must  extend  to  a  conscientious  adoption 
of  the  latter.  Whence  the  author  ob- 
serres, 

''  Here  is  laid  open  to  us  an  extent  of 
moral  agency  which  it  is  at  once  most 
fearful  and  encouraging  to  contemplate, 
particularly  to  the  more  intelligent  por- 
tion of  mankind  :  to  men  of  commanding 
powers  of  persuasion  and  reasoning; 
above  all  to  those  who  are  seeking  to  ex- 
tend and  perpetuate  their  own  opinions 
and  conjectures ;  who  leave  or  wish  to  leave 
the  impress  of  their  own  minds  on  the 
minds  of  others ,  and  to  repeat  the  im- 
pression on  succeeding  generations :  men 
whose  thoughts  and  speculations  may 
reach  the  limits  of  the  earth,  and  work  for 
good  or  evil  to  the  end  of  time.  How 
great  is  their  liability  to  pollute  them- 
selves with  the  guilt  of  other  men's  mis- 
deeds I  How  great  their  power  to  share 
in  the  glory  of  their  virtues  !*' 

The  doctrine  thus  stated  is  explained 
and  pursued  to  the  close  of  the  first 
discourse  to  its  practical  end,  that  as 
the  conduct  of  men  is  formed  by  their 
opinions,  and  as  by  their  works  they 
are  to  be  judged,  so  for  those  opinions 
which,  when  worked  out  into  prac- 
tice, assume  the  name  of  actions, 
they  are  responsible  ;  and  that^^conse- 
quently  a  mere  theoretical  assent  to  the 
Gospel,  apart  from  its  practical  pur- 
IK)se,  would  dissolve  the  union  between 
the  two,  the  inseparable  union  estab- 
lished by  the  Gospel—  that  good  works 
are  the  necessary  fruit  of  right  opi- 
nions—without which  they  would  be 
but  as  barren  and  imperfect  blossoms — 
as  the  vernal  promise  of  the  opening 
year  stopped  in  immature  growth  and 
purpose  unfulfilled. 

The  second  lecture  is  on  the  "  Influ- 
ence of  the  Affections  on  the  Judg- 
ment," a  subject  very  interesting  in 
itself,  and  very  philosophically  and 
ably  discussed.    Its  importance  can 


only  be  lessened  by  supposing  what 
is  undeniably  and  experimentaiiy /a/se, 
"that  corrupt  inclinations  are  alto- 
gether inert,  or  strictly  neutral,  in  the 
formation  of  opinions."  We  here  refer 
to  the  argument  (p.  54  to  58)  from 
analogy,  as  very  cogently  and  skilfully 
urged,  that  as  our  affections  attach  us 
to  the  present  state  of  things,  and  by  it 
beget  a  love  of  the  world,  and  so  far 
diminish  the  importance  of  religion, 
they  may  exert  a  similar  influence  in 
obscuring  in  our  minde  and  to  our 
reason  the  evidence  of  its  truth. 

The  third  lecture  shows  "  that  the 
recognition  of  this  doctrine  is  essential 
to  the  acquirement  of  religious  know* 
ledge."  We  have  marked  in  this  dis- 
course for  our  particular  attention  the 
observations  (p.  61)  made  on  the  sub- 
ject of  perfect  indifference,  as  displayed 
in  many  persons,  to  a  particularity  of 
religious  belief,  to  the  article  of  a  creed, 
which  we  should  extract  had  we  the 
power ;  but  extending  as  it  does  in  its 
main  and  collateral  application  through 
the  whole  essay,  we  must  refer  to  the 
original  pages.  Nor  can  we  do  more 
now  than  point  out  as  passages  worthy 
of  particular  attention,  the  note  on 
Gibbon,  p.  Q6 ;  on  the  feelings  of  the 
Israelites  to  the  miracles  of  Moses  and 
Joshua,  p.  115,  &c. ;  on  the  conscien-* 
tious  use  of  their  reason,  to  which 
Christians  are  bound  in  determining 
their  duties  to  each  other,  p.  118  ;  on 
the  danger  of  a  corrupt  bias  acting  on 
the  mind,  leading  to  a  disbelief  of  the 
Gospel,  p.  123  ;  on  the  reasons  occa- 
sioning the  guilt  of  unbelief,  and  on 
the  conclusion  that  the  Gospel  virtu- 
ally afi&rms  a  generally  permanent 
connexion  between  an  integrity  of  dis- 
position towards  the  Creator,  and  a 
belief  of  its  own  declarations ;  in  other 
words,  between  a  due  attention  to  the 
dictates  of  natural  religion,  and  a  re- 
ception of  its  own  instruction  and 
authority.  The  proper  and  necessary 
limitations  of  these  duties  are  laid 
down  at  p.  129.  The  sixth  lecture,  a 
"  Test  of  the  Law  of  Truth  in  judging 
of  Christianity,"  is  worthy  of  great 
attention.  The  different  forms  and 
shapes  of  unbelief  are  shown  (p.  147) ; 
Hume's  argument  (p.  161)  on  idolatry 
is  considered ;  and  at  p.  164  the  change 
that  is  known  often  to  take  place  in  the 
sentiments  of  unbelievers  at  the  ap- 
proach of  death,  is  advanced  as  a  con- 


1843.]       Rbvibw,— Faber*8  Styrian  Lake,  and  other  Poems.  27^ 


wincing  proof  of  the  previous  effect  of 
passions  and  affections  over  the  mind. 
In  the  seventh  lecture,  "  The  Doctrine 
opposed  to  the  assumption  of  Infalli- 
bility," the  boasted  unity  of  belief  in 
the  Church  of  Rome,  is  considered, 
and  some  observations  are  made  at  p. 
1 92 — 197  on  the  Oxford  divines,  whose 
doctrine  the  author  considers  hardly 
leaves  room  for  that  of  a  personal  re- 
sponsibility in  the  employment  of  our 
faculties  on  the  sacred  volume.  Lastly 
we  shall  direct  our  reader's  attention 
to  what  the  author  (p.  211)  advances 
in  his  discourse  of  "The  doctrine 
guarded  against  abuse  in  Chris- 
tianity," of  the  corrective  which 
Christianity  discovers  of  that  demoral- 
ising tendency  which  results  from  the 
doctrine  of  responsibility  from  reli- 
gious tenets,  a  tendency  to  embroil 
the  professors  and  believers  of  one 
faith  with  those  of  another,  and  thus 
bring  the  doctrines  of  piety  in  collision 
with  the  social  virtues. 

We  now  feel  how  inadequate  is  the 
view  which  we  have  given  of  these  ar- 
gumentative and  excellent  discourses — 
discourses  worthy  of  all  attention,  both 
from  the  dignity  and  worth  of  the  sub- 
jects considered,  and  from  the  import- 
ant conclusions  arrived  at,  through  a 
series  of  sound  deductions  and  reason- 
ings. We  have  seldom  met  with  a 
volume  of  sermons  that  has  so  satis- 
factorily employed  our  attention,  or 
more  fully  rewarded  our  labours. 


The  Styrian  Lake,  and  other  Poems,  By 
Fred.  W.  Faber,  AM. 

WE  always  welcome  a  volume  of 
Mr.  Faber 's,  for  we  are  sure  to  find  in 
it  much  beautiful  poetry,  founded  on 
deep  moral  and  devout  feeling,  and 
coloured  with  the  bright  hues  of  a  fine 
imagination.  The  object  of  poetry  is 
not  only  to  delight  the  fancy,  but  to 
give  pleasurable  emotions  to  the  feel- 
ings, and  to  act  with  a  cheering  and 
happy  influence  on  the  mind.  In  the 
knowledge  of  the  principles  by  which 
his  art  is  governed,  Mr.  Faber  appears 
to  us  to  be  well- instructed,  and  he 
has  acquired  a  very  considerable  power 
of  applying  it  with  correctness  and 
force,  80  that,  as  a  poetical  artist,  he 
may  be  considered  in  no  mean  light. 
A  considerable  change  has  taken  place 
in  the  style  and  expression  of  English 


poetry — with  its  merits  or  defects  we 
have  nothing  to  do  at  present.  Mr. 
Faber  has  partaken  of  its  influence, 
and,  indeed,  is  one  of  its  chief  orna- 
ments and  supports,  and  we  expect 
much  from  his  matured  powers  and  his 
poetic  faculty  when  in  full  expansion. 
At  present  we  are  contented  to  ob- 
serve, that  the  present  volume  shows 
increasing  ability,  and  a  nearer  ap- 
proach to  the  excellence  of  his  great 
model,  Mr.  Wordsworth.  Our  spe- 
cimens are  very  short,  but  with  speci* 
mens  we  hope  few  will  be  content. 

ENGLISH  HBDQBS  ;  SUOOBSTED  BY  A  PASSAGS 
IN  MR.  LAING's  notes  OF  A  TRAVELLER. 

Not  without  deep  memorial  truth  ure  ye. 
Partitions  of  sweet  thorn,  which  intersect 
Our  blithest  counties— bidding  us  reflect 
Full  oft  upon  our  rural  ancestry, 
The  unambitious  thanes  of  Saxon  days. 
Who,  with  their  modest  manors  well  content. 
Of  corn,  and  mead,  and  fragrant  bean-field 

blent, 
And  woody  pasture—lived  in  simple  ways 
And  patriarchal  virtues,  ere  the  hand 
Of  Norman  rule  was  felt,  or  feudal  right. 
Baneful  exotic !  settled  like  a  blight 
On  the  free  customs  of  the  pastoral  land. 

Behold— a  length  of  hundred  leagues  dis- 

play'd— 
That  web  of  old  historic  tapestry. 
With  its  green  patterns,  broidered  to  the  eye^ 
Is  with  domestic  mysteries  inlaid. 
Here  hath  a  nameless  sire  in  some  past  age, 
In  quaint  uneven  stripe  or  cnrioas  nook, 
Clipp'd  by  the  wand'rings  of  a  snaky  brook. 
Carved  for  a  younger  son  an  heritage ; 
There  set  apart,  an  island  in  a  bower. 
With  right  of  road  among  the  oakwoods  round. 
Are  some  few  fields  within  a  ring-fence  bound. 
Perchance  a  daughter's  patrimonial  dower. 

So  may  we  dream,  while  to  our  fancy  cooae 
Kind  incidents  and  sweet  biographies. 
Scarce  fanciful,  as  flowing  from  the  ties 
And  blissful  bonds  which  consecrate  our  home 
To  be  an  earthly  heaven.  From  shore  to  shore 
That  ample  windstirr'd  network  doth  ensnare 
Within  its  delicate  meshes  many  a  rare 
And  rustic  legend,  which  may  yield  good  store 
Of  touching  thought  unto  the  passenger : 
Domestic  changes,  families  decay'd, 
And  love  or  hate,  in  testaments  displayed 
By  dying  men,  still  in  the  hedge-rows  stir. 

When  Rome  her  British  eagles  did  recall, 
Time  saw  the  ages  weave  that  web  of  green 
Assiduously  upon  the  rural  scene. 
Ere  yet  the  lowly-raftered  Saxon  hall    [field's 
Was  watched  from  Norman  fwtalice.    Tlie 
Escutcheons  were  borne  by  those  equal  tiuuies. 
While  herald  Spring  went  waadering  up  the 
hmes,  [shidds. 

Blazoniog  with  green  and  white  the  yeomen 


276  RfiviBW.-^Faber's  Styrian  Lake,  and  other  Poems.       [Sept. 


And,  as  the  Church  grew  there,  beneath  her 
eyes  [loth 

The  breadth  ot  hedge-rows  grew  with  her,  not 
To  be,  as  freedom  is,  an  undergrowth 
Of  that  true  mother  of  all  liberties. 

The    Saxon  hedge-rows  stand,  though  twice 

assailed ; 
Once  greedy  barons  in  their  pride  of  birth 
For  hunting-grounds  impark'd  the  fertile  earth, 
Till  peasant  joys  and  past'ral  ditties  failed ; 
Now  upstart  wealth  absorbs  both  far  and  nigh 
The  small  ancestral  farms.  Woe  worth  the  day 
When  fortunes  overgrown  shall  eat  away 
The  heart  of  our  old  English  yeomanry. 
The  hedges  still  survive,  shelters  for  flowers. 
An  habitation  for  the  singing  birds, 
Cool  banks  of  shadow,  grateful  to  the  herds, 
A  charm  unknown  in  any  land  but  ours. 

Ye  modest  relics  of  a  simple  past, 
Most  frail  and  most  enduring  monument, 
Ye  still  are  here,  when  Norman  keep  is  rent. 
And  cruel  chase  disparked  into  a  waste 
Of  cheerful  tillage ;  ye  uninjured  rise 
To  nature  and  to  human  wants  allied. 
Therefore  outliving  works  of  lordly  pride — 
How  rightly  dear,  for  what  ye  symbolise ! 
Long  may  the  Saxon  hieroglyphic  stand 
A  precious  trophy  in  the  yeoman's  eye. 
The  wisdom  of  our  ancient  polity 
Written  in  leafy  cypher  o*er  the  land. 

Had  we  more  space  we  should  give 
"The  Dream  of  Croesus,"  "The Ru- 
ined Cottages,"  and  some  others ; 
but,  not  being  able  to  accomplish  this, 
we  must  content  ourselves  with  what 
lies  in  a  more  convenient  compass. 

XLix.     (p.  294.) 

Once  more  amid  the  alder  trees, 

Once  more  among  the  hills, 
Mid  dewy  grass  and  fading  leaves, 

And  the  blue  steam  on  the  rills  ; 

Once  more  amid  the  pomp  of  clouds, 
Once  more  in  shade  and  shower, 

What  wonder  is  it  I  should  weep 
For  joy  of  autumn's  power  ? 

One  year  unto  another  calls 

In  most  mysterious  ways  ; 
Autumn  to  autumn  joins,  and  wakes 

The  old  autumnal  days. 

In  springtide  thus  the  jocund  past 
One  long  long  springtide  seems ; 

And  summer  shapes  and  finishes 
The  bygone  summer's  dreams. 

Such  separate  prerogative 

Doth  in  the  seasons  lie, 
And  of  sweet  use  may  wise  men  make 

This  deep  consistency. 

Dear  native  land !  dear  English  friends  1 

Now  doubly  dear  are  ye  : 
Is  it  a  trouble  or  a  joy 

Wherewith  ye  welcome  me  ? 


Since  last  I  walked  through  witherM  fern 
What  tides  of  sight  and  sound 

To  far  off  seas  and  foreign  streams 
My  pliant  heart  have  bound  ! 

Mid  gorgeous  cities,  stirring  lands. 
Mid  wonder,  change,  and  mirth, 

For  months  and  months  there  was  to  me 
No  England  on  the  earth. 

I  saw  the  fruit-tree  roads  of  France, 

The  ancient  Lombard  plain, 
And  Venice,  in  her  white  sunshine, 

Still  sitting  by  the  main. 

And  oh !  how  blue  were  all  the  bays, 
How  strange  the  desert  peace. 

The  marble  hoar,  the  olives  grey. 
In  old  heroic  Greece. 

And  bright  was  May  in  your  green  haunts, 

Ye  sweet  Propontid  isles ; 
And  bright  along  the  Bosphorus 

Were  summer's  evening  smiles. 

All  up  the  wild  Danubian  plain, 

In  Transylvanian  dells. 
By  Mur's  romantic  castled  heights, 

And  Drava's  mountain  wells. 

Along  the  shining  bends  of  Inn, 

In  old  Bavarian  towns, 
By  many  a  deep  green  Austrian  lake, 

On  bleak  Bohemian  downs. 

From  hill  and  stream  and  ruin  hoar, 

Grave  lessons  did  I  learn. 
Deep  wisdom  poured  by  earth  herself 

From  her  own  ancient  urn. 

Now  is  it  all  a  dream,  a  thing 

Gone  with  the  buried  past ; 
A  vision  broken  up,  a  light 

Which  had  no  life  to  last. 

And  cheerfully,  like  vernal  plants 

That  pierce  the  April  earth, 
Last  autumn's  thoughts  come  calmly  up. 

With  old  autumn^  mirth. 

Calmly  and  cheerfully  they  come. 

As  tho'  I  bad  been  here, 
Nor  left  this  single  mossy  bank 

Thro'  all  the  bygone  year. 

Thought  must  be  earned  by  thought,  and 
truth 

From  other  truth  be  won  ; 
Next  year  the  fruit  will  come  of  seed 

In  this  year's  travel  sown. 

We  will  conclude  with  a  sonnet. 

THE  WINTER  RIVER. 

Low  spirits  are  a  sin,— a  penance  given 
To  over-talking  and  unthoughtful  mirth ; 
There  is  no  high  nor  low  in  holiest  Heaven, 
Nor  yet  in  hearts  where  Heaven  hath  hallowed 

earth. 
Still  there  are  some  whose  growth  is  won  in 

strife. 


1 843.] 


Review. — ^Taylor's  Edwin  the  Fair, 


277 


And  who  can  bear  hot  suns  thro'  all  their  life ; 
But  rather  for  myself  would  I  forego 
High  tides  of  feeling,  and  brief  moods  of  power, 
Than  share  those  languors  with  the  showy 

flower 
Which  the  shade-loving  herb  doth  never  know. 
O  Brathay !  wisely  in  thy  winter  grounds. 
Wisely  and  sweetly  are  thy  currents  chiming, 
Thus  happily  to  every  season  timing 
The  same  low  waters  and  the  same  low  sounds. 


Edwin  the  Fair,  an  Historical  Drama, 
By  Henry  Taylor. 
THE  story  of  this  tragedy  has  fol- 
lowed history  in  the  events,  and  to  the 
historic  passages  added  others,  neces- 
sary or  useful  for  the  promotion  of 
the  dramatic  interest.  It  possesses 
very  considerable  poetical  beauty,  and 
every  where  marks  of  the  author's 
talent  and  knowledge ;  it  is  more 
Shaksperian  in  language  and  modes  of 
expression,  and  perhaps  of  thought, 
than  any  other  dramatic  poem  of  the 
present  age  that  we  recollect ;  but,  in 
our  opinion,  it  fails  very  much  in  in- 
terest ;  we  feel  little  regard  for  the 
characters,  and  the  incidents  are  nei- 
ther terrible,  to  inspire  us  with  awe 
and  fear,  or  sufficiently  pitiable  to 
melt  us  to  compassion^  The  character 
of  Dunstan,  a  proud  bigoted  church- 
man, ruling  the  ignorant  by  fraud  and 
the  higher  classes  by  terror,  and  car- 
rying his  deeds  of  cruelty  and  perfidy, 
per  fas  et  nefas,  to  their  dread  con- 
summation ;  we  say  that  a  character 
as  this,  unredeemed  as  it  is  by  any 
noble  and  generous  qualities,  or  even 
by  any  splendid  faults,  is  not  one  to 
be  a  leading  feature  of  the  fable  ;  or, 
if  it  was,  it  must  be  relieved  and 
softened  by  contrasts  with  others  of  an 
opposite  nature.  There  are  also  no 
regal  characters  on  Edwin's  brow  to 
inspire  admiration,  and  nothing  in  the 
fickle  and  faithless  Elgiva  to  excite 
love ;  the  other  personages  are  faintly 
chiseled  out,  and  too  little  distin- 
guished to  arrest  the  attention  ;  while 
the  plot  itself,  ending  in  the  unde- 
signed death  of  Elgiva,  in  the  mad- 
ness and  death  of  Edwin,  and  in  the 
final  success  of  the  oppressors,  is  not 
satisfactory  to  the  mind :  and  we  turn 
from  the  consideration  of  these  to  the 
occasional  beauty  of  the  poetry,  the 
force  and  vigour  of  the  expression, 
and  the  clearness  and  poetical  feeling 
of  the  author.    Let  us  give  the  soli« 

/oquy  Qf  Leolf|  ia  th?  secQod  fict. 


Rocks  that  beheld  my  boyhood !  Perilous  shelf 

That  nursed  my  infant  courage !    Once  again 

I  stand  before  you-— not  as  in  other  days 

In  your  grey  faces  smiling— but,  like  you. 

The  worse  for  weather ;  here  again  I  stand. 

Again  and  on  the  solitary  shore 

Old  Ocean  plays  as  on  an  instrument, 

Making  that  ancient  music,  when  not  known? 

That  ancient  music,  only  not  so  old 

As  He  who  parted  ocean  from  dry  land. 

And  saw  that  it  was  good.    Upon  my  ear,   . 

As  In  the  season  of  susceptive  youth. 

The  mellow  murmur  falls— but  finds  the  sense 

Dulled  by  distemper  ;  shall  I  say— by  time  ? 

Enough  in  action  has  my  life  been  spent 

Through  the  past  decade,  to  rebate  the  edge 

Of  early  sensibility.   The  sun 

Rides  high,  and  on  the  thoroughfares  of  life 

I  find  myself  a  man  in  middle  age. 

Busy  and  hard  to  please.    The  sun  shall  soon 

Dip  westerly— but  oh !  how  little  like 

Are  life's  two  twilights  !  would  the  last  were 

first 
And  the  first  last— that  so  we  might  be  soothed 
Upon  the  thoroughfares  of  busy  life, 
Beneath  the  noonday  sun,  with  hope  of  joy 
Fresh  as  the  morn— with  hope  of  breaking 

lights, 
Illuminated  mists,  and  spangled  lawns, 
And  woodland  orisons,  and  unfolding  flowers. 
As  things  in  expectation. — ^Weak  of  faith ! 
Is  not  the  course  of  earthly  outlook,  thus 
Reversed  from  hope,  an  argument  to  hope 
That  she  was  licensed  to  the  heart  of  man 
For  other  than  for  earthly  contemplations. 
In  that  observatory  domiciled 
For  survey  of  the  stars?  &c. 

Wulfstan  the  Wise  is  a  somewhat 
improved  Polonius.  We  will  give  a 
specimen  of  his  wisdom ;  he  is  speaking 
of  his  daughter, 

I  did  but  bid  her  be  less  mutable. 
Telling  her  that  the  past,  or  worse  or  better, 
If  driven  in  her  and  experienced  home, 
Might  be  as  piles  whereon  to  build  the  future. 
Else  insecure.    I  bid  her  be  resolved. 
Her  choice  now  planted,  forth  of  it  to  bring 
The  fruits  of  constancy ;  for  constancy 
On  all  things  works  for  good.     The  barren 

breeds. 
The  fluent  stops,  the  ftigitive  is  fixed 
By  constancy.  I  told  you,  did  I  not, 
The  story  of  the  wind,  how  he  himself. 
The  desultory  Wind,  was  wrought  upon  ? 

0,    Yes,  Sir,  you  told  it  twice. 

TV.    The  tale  was  this  : 
The  Wind,  when  first  he  rose  and  went  abroad 
Through  the  waste  region,  felt  himself  at  fault. 
Wanting  a  voice ;  and  suddenly  to  earth 
Descended  with  a  wafture  and  a  swoop. 
Where,  wandering  volatile  from  kind  to  kind. 
He  wooed  the  several  trees  to  give  him  one. 
First  he  besought  the  Ash,— the  voice  she  lent 
Fitfully,  with  a  free  and  lashing  change. 
Flung  here  and  there  its  sad  uncertainties : 
The  Aspen  next— a  fluttered  frivolous  twitter 
Was  her  sole  tribute «  ftv«  the  Willow  camei 


27S 


Review.*— Priank's  Qaestiones  MosaioB. 


[Sept. 


So  long:  as  dainty  stimmer  drest  her  ont, 
A  whispering-  sweetness,  but  her  winter  note 
Was  hissing^,  dry,  and  reedy :  lastly  the  Pine 
Did  he  solicit,  and  fh)m  her  he  drew 
A  voice  so  constant,  soft,  and  lowly  deep. 
That  there  he  rested,  welcoming  in  her 
A  mild  memorial  of  the  ocean-cave 
Where  he  was  bom. 

Again,  from  the  same  speaker  de- 
scribing Athulf. 

Much  mirth  he  hath,  and  yet  less  mirth  than 

foncy. 
His  is  that  nature  of  humanity 
Which  both  ways  doth  redound,  r^oicing  now 
With  soarings  of  the  soul,  anon  broug^ht  Iow| 
For  such  the  law  that  rules  the  larger  spirits. 
This  soul  of  man,  this  elemental  crasis. 
Completed,  should  present  the  universe 
Abounding  in  all  kinds ;  and  unto  all 
One  law  is  common— that  their  act  and  reach 
Stretched  to  the  farthest  is  resilient  ever. 
And  in  resilience  hath  its  plenary  force. 
Against  the  gust  remitting  fiercelier  burns 
The  fire,  than  with  the  gust  it  burnt  before. 
The  richest  mirth,  the  richest  sadness  too, 
Stands  from  a  groundwork  of  its  opposite  ; 
For  these  extremes  upon  the  way  to  meet 
Take  a  wide  sweep  of  nature,  gathering  in 
Harvests  of  sundry  seasons,  &c. 

We  must  give  one  specimen  of  Dun- 
Stan's  powers  before  we  conclude. 

I  groan  in  spirit.    Brethren,  seek  not  in  me 
Support  or  counsel :  the  whole  head  is  sick. 
The  whole  heart  faint ;  and  trouble  and  rebuke 
Ck)me  round  about  me,  thrusting  at  my  soul. 
But,  brethren,  if  long  years  of  penance  sore 
For  your  sake  suffered,  be  remembered  now. 
Deem  me  not  utterly  of  God  forsaken. 
Deem  not  yourselves  forsaken.    Lift  up  your 
hearts.  [heaven 

See  where  ye  stand  on  earth;  see  how  in 
Ye  are  rc^^ed.    Ye  are  the  sons  of  God, 
The  order  of  Melchisedeck,  the  law, 
The  visiUe  structure  of  the  world  of  spirit. 
Which  was,  and  is,  and  must  be ;  all  things  else 
Are  casual,  and  monarchs  come  and  go. 
And  warriors  for  a  season  walk  the  earth 
By  accident ;  for  these  are  accidental. 
But  ye  eternal ;  ye  are  the  soul  of  the  world. 
Ye  are  the  course  of  nature  consecrate. 
Ye  are  the  Church !  one  spirit  is  thoughout  you. 
And  Christendom  is  with  you  in  all  lands. 
Who  comes  against  you ?    'Scaped  from  Hell's 

confine, 
A  wand'ring  rebel,  fleeting  past  the  sun. 
Darkens  the  visage  of  the  Spouse  of  Christ. 
But  'tis  but  for  a  moment :  he  consumed 
Shall  vanish  like  a  vapour ;  she  divulged. 
Break  out  in  glory  that  transcends  itself. 
The  thrones  and  principalities  of  earth,  [aid 
When  stood  they  that  they  stood  not  with  the 
Of  us  and  them  before  us  7    Azarias, 
Azias,  Amaziah,  Saul  himself. 
Fell  they  not  headlong  when  they  fell  from  us  ? 
And  Oza,  he  that  did  but  touch  the  ark  ? 
Oh  i  then  wl^at  isin  for  me^  y^X  ^  for  yoiii 


For  me  victorious  in  a  thousand  fights 
Against  this  fbe,  for  you  as  oft  redeemed— 
That  now  we  falter  I  do  we  ftdter  ?  no ! 
Thou  God  that  art  within  me  when  I  conquer, 
I  feel  thee  fill  me  now !    Angelic  host. 
Seraphs  that  wave  your  swords  about  my  head, 
I  thank  you  for  your  succours !  who  art  thou 
That  givest  me  this  gracious  admonition  ? 
Alas !  forgive  me  that  I  knew  thee  not, 
O  Gabriel !  I  do  as  thou  command'st. 
Appealing  from  this  earth  and  all  its  powers 
To  Christ  upon  the  cross.    Oh !  name  divine  I 
Is  it  thy  will  that  this  the  assembled  Church 
Should  ratify  these  nuptials,  yes  or  no  f"  ftc. 


QwB»tione9  Mosaictt;  or,  the  Bitok  qf 
Genesig  compared  with  the  remaifu  ^f 
Ancient  Relipiona,  By  Osmond  cte 
Beauvoir  Priaulx. 

THE  author  professes  that  he  does 
not  belong  to  the  Orthodox  party,  nor  to 
the  Jfi^Z,  oortothei2(t^iona2t»^;  hisob- 
ject  being  simply  to  ascertain  the  yiews 
and  opinions  of  which  the  Pentateuch 
may  be  considered  as  the  expression. 
He  puts  aside  the  question  of  "  in- 
spiration." He  then  compares  the 
history  of  Genesis  and  the  rites  and 
religion  of  Moses,  with  the  religion  of 
other  ancient  nations  as  seen  in  the 
Vedas,  the  laws  of  Mena,  the  Zenda- 
vesta,  the  traditions  of  Greece,  &c. 
"  In  this  way,"  he  says,  *'  I  en- 
deavoured to  seize  the  life  and  spirit 
of  the  olden  world,  and  that  life  and 
spirit  I  compared  and  contrasted  with 
the  life  and  spirit  of  modern  society." 
He  adds,  "  That  in  studying  th«  olden 
religions  I  could  not  but  obsenre  that, 
although  at  their  several  points  of 
departure  they  rather  resemble,  yet  in 
their  full  developement  they  rather 
difier  from  each  other.  In  their  cos- 
mogonies, their  first  views  of  God  and 
the  world  I  sought  from  the  origin  of 
those  peculiarities  which  subsequently 
give  to  each  of  these  religions  its 
character  and  individuality."  The 
author  confesses  his  ignorance  of 
Hebrew,  and  of  the  other  oriental 
languages,  which  assuredly  would 
have  betenofmost  important  assistance 
to  him ;  but  he  has  as  far  as  possible 
compensated  this  disadvantage  by  con- 
sulting the  translations  of  works  in  the 
eastern  languages,  and  by  very  wide  and 
extensive  reading  both  in  ancient  and 
modern  literature.  And  we  must  say 
that  to  tiiiose  like  ourselves  who  differ 
most  widely  from  the  author  in  the  view 
behastakenof the  authority  ofScriptur^ 


1843.] 


Rbvibw.—- Evanses  JBishoprie  of  Souls. 


270 


mach  curious  information  is  imparted 
from  the  authorities  quoted  by  him 
relating  to  the  religion,  customs,  laws, 
and  habits  of  the  nations  of  the  globe 
remote  from  us  both  in  time  and 
distance,  and  much  ingenious  reason- 
ing is  drawn  from  the  consideration  of 
the  facts ;  but  we  must  remark  on  an 
unbecoming  levity  in  some  parts,  (as 
ex.  gr.  in  the  history  of  Sarah,)  which 
the  author  assuredly  did  not  introduce 
from  any  disrespect  to  the  different 
belief  of  bis  readers,  but  which  seemed 
unconsciously  to  escape  from  the  view 
which  he  has  taken  of  his  subject, 
commenting  as  he  does  on  the  book  of 
Moses  as  he  would  on  that  of  Herodotus 
or  Livy ;  buthe  who  writes/or  the  public 
must  take  care  not  to  run  counter  to 
their  feelings,  and  in  another  edition 
we  trust  that  every  unseemly  expres- 
sion will  be  removed.  Of  the  ex- 
tensive reading  of  the  author,  and  ready 
application  of  it  to  his  subject,  no 
doubt  can  exist,  and  the  learning  shewn 
in  his  volume  is  of  a  very  interesting 
and  entertaining  kind. 

The  Bishopric  of  Souls,  By  Rev,  A. 
W.  Evans. 
THIS  most  able,  interesting,  and 
well  written  volume  is  inscribed  in  a 
feeling  of  duty  and  gratitude  to  the 
memory  of  Bishop  Butler,  to  whom, 
it  appears,  the  author  was  examining 
chaplain ;  nor  can  we  refrain  from  ex-^ 
tracting  some  portion  of  the  character 
of  the  bishop  as  given  in  the  preface, 
for  the  correctness  of  which  we  can 
vouch,  although  our  acquaintance  with 
that  learned  and  excellent  man  was 
indeed  slight  compared  to  that  enjoyed 
by  Mr.  Evans.  After  mentioning  his 
deep  learning,  his  large  store  of 
knowledge,  his  exquisite  taste,  and  the 
clear  and  vigorous  conception  of  his 
mind,  the  writer  observes,  on  his  being 
promoted  to  the  bishopric, 

"  When  he  entered  upon  his  high  and 
sacred  office  in  the  Church  of  God,  tdl  who 
knew  him  not  were  surprised  to  see  how 
he  rose  at  once  up  to  the  standard  of  its 
rare  requirements,  while  all  who  knew  him 
were  delighted  to  see  proper  room  and 
scope  afforded  to  the  vigour  and  largeness 
of  his  mind.  A  bodily  affliction,  with 
which  the  Lord  was  pleased  to  visit  him 
soon  after  his  consecration,  only  made 
his  spiritual  vigour  more  remarkable.  Iti 
asthmatic  symptoms  were  peculiarly  dis- 
tres  sing  to  one  who  had  so  much  to  do  with 


public  delivery  and  crowded  assemblies ; 
yet  he  persevered  with  undaunted  spirit 
to  the  very  last  remnant  of  his  strength. 
Not  only  was  the  business  of  his  diocese 
regularly  transacted  within  doors,  and  his 
palace  open  with  hospitable  reception  to 
his  clergy  until  within  a  few  days  of  his 
death,  but  long  after  a  common  regard 
for  the  ease  of  his  suffering  body  would 
have  counselled  him  to  remain  at  home 
he  appeared  at  his  post  in  pubUc.  He 
presided  at  meetings  where  every  per- 
son present  had  been  in  almost  daily 
expectation  of  hearing  of  his  death.  He 
traversed  the  wild  moors  of  Derbyshire, 
when  every  one  that  saw  him  wondered 
that  he  should  have  quitted  a  sick  chamber. 
Truly  he  approved  himself  a  good  soldier 
of  Jesus  Christ.  He  endured  hardnessy 
and  he  may  be  said  to  have  died  upon  tho 
field  of  battle,"  &c. 

The  work  itself,  professing  to  include 
the  chief  duties  of  the  clergyman,  is 
commodiously  divided  into  several 
chapters,  including  under  each  division 
a  particular  branch  of  duty,  or  con- 
sideration of  one  of  his  official  engage- 
ments, as  the  clergyman's  visitation, 
his  sermon,  the  clergyman  in  school, 
when  studying,  in  society,  &c.  In 
the  first  chapter  the  clergyman's  con- 
duct to  the  Separatist  is  judiciously 
laid  down,  excluding  all  temporising 
policy,  and  all  sacrifice  of  doctrine  or 
principle  for  the  weak  purpose  of  a 
temporary  appearance  of  good  will. 
The  third  chapter  also  contains  an 
account  of  the  visitation  of  the  pastor 
to  his  parishioners,  and  his  conduct  to 
those  who  need  his  spiritual  admoni- 
tion, whether  for  carelessness  of  life,  or 
scepticism,  or  schismatic  tendencies. 
The  contents  of  this  chapter,  we  say^ 
seem  to  us  to  be  fruitful  in  advice  of 
the  most  practically  useful  kind,  upon 
points  where  error  would  be  fraught 
with  consequences  more  or  less  fatal 
to  the  clergyman's  influence,  character* 
and  comfort.  One  important  part  of 
the  clergyman's  Sunday  duties,  that 
included  in  his  office  of  "  preacher," 
his  manner,  his  behaviour  in  the  pulpit^ 
the  style  and  character  of  his  sermon, 
these  points  are  well  discussed ;  many 
prevailing  and  deeply- rooted  errors  are 
pointed  out,  and  the  true  character  of 
such  a  discourse  as  will  be  intelligible 
and  serviceable  is  brought  into  view. 
Andhere  we  shall  give  auaort  extract  on 
a  point  concerning  language,  which,  as 
the  aathor  says,  needs  correction,  and 


280  REyiEYT.-^Corregpondence  of  Jane  Lady  CornwalUs.      [Sept. 


on  ^hich  we  have  often  heard  what 
appeared  to  us  a  most  unprofitable 
discourse. 

"There  prevail  some  notions  on  the  sub- 
ject of  plain  language  which  seem  to  require 
correction.  There  is  at  present  a  great 
talk  about  Saxon-English,  The  term 
itself  is  erroneous  ;  as  well  might  we  talk 
about  Latin-French,  No  wonder  then 
that  the  notion  which  it  is  meant  to  con- 
vey should  be  wrong.  This  is,  that  he 
who  would  be  well  understood  by  the 
poor  should  employ  as  his  staples  such 
words  as  are  of  Saxon  root.  Now  this  is 
quite  untrue  ;  for  instance,  we  may  have 
two  equivalent  phrases  in  our  language, 
neither  of  which  shall  mainly  consist  of 
words  of  Saxon  root,  and  yet  the  one 
shall  be  plain  and  vernacular,  the  other 
foreign  and  hard  to  be  understood.  Thus 
there  is  the  abominable  vulgarity  of  the 
English  of  the  newspapers  in  the  phrase 
'  It  will  be  infallibly  productive  of  most 
beneficial  consequences,'  and  there  is 
the  idiomatic  plain  phrase  *  It  will  not 
fail  to  produce  most  excellent  fruit,'  in 
which  all  the  words  not  merely  auxiliary 
are  French  and  not  Saxon ;  and  is  this  a 
whit  less  plain  than  the  pure  English, 
*  It  cannot  but  yield  a  very  good  harvest  ? 
Norman-English  would  be  a  much  more 
suitable  term.  Nor  is  it  true  that  words 
are  not  plain  simply  because  they  are  of 
foreign  derivation.  The  primary  cause  is 
that  they  are  general  terms ;  that  these 
general  terms  should  have  been  supplied 
from  a  foreign  language  is  merely  acci- 
dental, being  owing  to  the  long  degradation 
of  our  language  to  the  exclusive  use  of  the 
lower  classes  by  the  Norman  Conquest, 
no  less  than  to  the  exclusive  use  of  the 
Latin  by  writers.  For  that  part  of  any 
language  which  consists  of  general  terms 
is  little  used  and  therefore  imperfectly  un- 
derstood by  the  vulgar.  This  may  be 
illustrated  by  the  use  of  our  word  *  imagi- 
nation ;*  use  it  in  the  sense  in  which 
it  occurs  in  Romans  i.  21,  '  They  became 
vain  in  their  imaginations,'  and  the 
most  ignorant  will  understand  you ;  but 
use  it  in  the  abstract  sense  of  a  faculty  of 
the  mind,  as  in  the  words,  '  imagination 
presents  to  our  view,'  and  you  have  pro- 
bably gone  out  of  sight  of  all  their  imagi- 
nations. Let  not,  therefore,  words  of 
Latin  origin  be  a  bugbear,  nor  indulge  in 
the  pedantry  of  scraping  together  all  that 
you  can  of  words  of  Saxon  root.  Pedantry 
is  always  unintelligible,  if  not  ridiculous, 
to  the  common  people,  but  avoid  general 
terms  and  generalising  phrases  as  much 
as  possible ;  the  latter  indeed  may  always 
be  dispensed  with." 

We  have  no  room  left  for  further 
7 


extract ;  but  we  are  sure  that,  by  what 
we  have  given,  our  readers  will  not  fail 
to  acknowledge  this  work  to  be  one  of 
asuperiorkind;  containingmuch  sound 
reflection  and  judicious  advice  upon 
points  of  the  highest  importance  and 
difficulty,  and  all  pointing  to  the  one 
great  end — the  inculcation  of  religious 
feelings,  and  the  formation  of  a  truly 
conscientious  and  pious  character; 
while  throughout  the  style  is,  as 
might  be  expected,  correct,  elegant, 
and  suited  to  the  subject.  We  must, 
however,  add  that  it  is  almost  with 
pain  that  we  have  omitted  making  an 
extract  from  p.  177 — 179f  under  the 
head  of  the  Clergyman  in  School, 
where  will  be  found  a  passage  of  ex- 
quisite truth  and  beauty. 


The  Private  Correspondence  of  Jane 
Lady  Comwallis,\Q\Z — l644;/rof» 
the  originals  in  the  possession  of  the 
Family,  8vo,  pp,  I,  314. 

THOUGH  this  series  of  letters  can- 
not boast  that  flow  of  anecdote  or 
abundance  of  incident  which  would 
render  it  generally  popular,  yet  it  is 
perfectly  unnecessary  to  entertain  any 
question  respecting  the  utility  of  per- 
petuating, by  means  of  the  press,  so 
genuine  a  record  of  ancient  manners 
and  feelings,  and  so  authentic  a  source 
of  occasional  information  on  public 
and  historical  events,  as  well  as  private 
history  and  genealogy,  as  the  cor- 
respondence of  any  family  of  dis- 
tinction must  afford  :  and  it  must  be 
acknowledged  that  the  editor  of  that 
universal  favourite,  the  Diary  of 
Samuel  Pepys,  has  earned  a  fresh  title 
to  the  thanks  of  the  public  by  the 
present  work. 

Jane  Lady  Cornwallis,  though,  as 
the  recipient  of  these  letters,  we  view 
her  chiefly  by  a  reflected  light,  was 
evidently  a  person  of  superior  charac- 
ter. She  was  the  grand- daughter  of 
Sir  Peter  Meautys,  King  Henry  VHth's 
Secretary  for  the  French  tongue,  and 
daughter  of  Hercules  Meautys,  by 
Philippe,  daughter  of  Richard  Cooke, 
of  Gidea  Hall.  She  was  married  first 
in  1608,  to  Sir  William  Cornwallis,  of 
Brome,  by  whom  she  was  mother  of  the 
first  Lord  Cornwallis  ;  and  secondly, 
in  1613,  to  Sir  Nathaniel  Bacon,  of 
Culford,  K.B.  who,  as  an  amateur 
painter;  has  been  enshrined,  but  with 


1843.]       'R.EviEw.'-^Correspondence  of  Jane  Lady  Corntoallis*  281 


some  errors,*  in  Walpole's  Anecdotes 
of  Painting.  Her  second  husband 
died  in  1627,  she  surviving  until  1659. 
It  is  recorded  in  her  epitaph,  that  by 
prudence  and  good  management  she 
rescued  the  two  ancient  and  dis- 
tinguished families,  with  which  she 
was  connected,  from  absolute  ruin  in 
times  of  the  greatest  difficulty. 

**  Erat  autem  ipsa,  dum  viveret,  cum 
omnibus  virtutibus  exculta,  tum  prsecipuS 
pietate  insigni,  caritate  singulari,  pru- 
dentia  ultra  sezum  plan^  admiranda,  quk 
temporibus  difficillimis  daas  Familias  anti- 
quitate  nobiles,  quibus  certissimo  Divinse 
providentiae  nuta  coDJuncta  fuerat,  sola 
sustinuit,  ab  interitu  vindicavit,  et  per- 
petuitatis  spei  restituit,  ingenti  exempio  I 
quale  nee  hactenus  cognitum,  necfortasse 
posthac  sperandum." 

The  most  distinguished  of  her  cor- 
respondents was  Lucy  Countess  of 
Bedford,  a  lady  of  whose  merits  history 
has  not  been  silent,  whilst  she  has  at 
the  same  time  suffered  some  injustice 
from  the  envy  of  her  contemporaries, 
and  the  credulity  of  certain  authors. 
Lord  Braybrooke  states  that  the  memoir 
of  her  contained  in  Wiffen's  History  of 
the  House  of  Russell  has  in  some 
measure  cleared  away  the  imputations 
unjustly  cast  upon  her  character, 
though  it  is  not  uniformly  accurate  in 
its  statements.  The  noble  editor 
further  remarks, 

"  That  her  habits  were  profuse  no  one 
will  deny,  but  probably  both  her  means 
and  her  expenditure  have  been  exag- 
gerated ;  at  all  events  she  was  a  munificent 
patron  of  the  arts,  and  an  encourager  of 
literary  merit,  and  we  find  her  acquiring 
the  works  of  Holbein  without  regard  to 
price." 

'*  Both  ladies  were  unquestionably  pos- 
sessed of  strong  natural  understandings  ; 
but  in  one  material  particular  there  was  a 
strong  resemblance  in  their  characters, 
which  had  its  effect  in  cementing  their 
mutual  affection,  as  both  had  been  brought 
up  in  the  pure  Protestant  faith  ;  and  whilst 
many  of  the  letters,  and  especially  those 
of  Lady  Bedford,  are  written  in  a  pleasing 
and  even  a  captivating  style,  it  is  gratify- 
ing to  observe  in  all  parts  of  the  corre- 
spondence a  tone  of  meek  and  unaffected 
piety,  indicating  that  neither  amidst  the 
iissipations  oi  the  court  nor  the  retire- 

•  See  Gent.  Mag.  vol.  XCVI.  Part  I. 
p.  347. 
QjiVT.  Mao.  Yol.  XX. 


ment  of  the  country,  neither  in  sickness 
nor  in  health,  were  those  good  principles 
of  sound  religion  forgotten  by  the  two 
friends,  which  had  been  inculcated  in  their 
youthful  minds,  and  formed  their  best 
consolations  in  after-life.*' 

We  have  peculiar  satisfaction  in 
quoting  these  passages  in  vindication 
of  one  who  was  called  fantastic  and 
more  than  eccentric  by  Pennant  and 
other  half-informed  writers  :  and  we 
shall  now  give  some  brief  specimens  of 
the  Countess's  letters.  In  one  written 
at  London  during  the  King's  visit  to 
Scotland  in  1617,  she  says — 

'  *  This  dull  towne  afords  nothing  worthy 
the  wrighting,  for  ther  is  almost  nobody  of 
quality  left  in  itt.  Of  the  Queen's  court 
I  can  say  litle  good,  for  her  resolution  to 
part  with  Roxborough  still  continues, 
which  makes  her  looke  big  upon  all  she 
thinkes  loves  that  good  woeman,  and  they 
atend  her  very  seldom ;  of  which  matter  I 
am  one  that  price  her  favor,  but  upon 
such  an  occasion  cannot  be  sorry  for  her 
frownes,  which  are  now  litle  to  me,  all 
my  court  busnesse  being  so  dispatched  as 
they  will  not  require  my  attendance  ther ; 
and  I  am  growne  to  love  my  ease  and 
liberty  so  well  as  no  measure  of  favor 
could  often  invite  me  theather,  where  ther 
is  no  hope  of  any  good  to  be  doune.  *  •  * 

'*  Out  of  Scotland  I  hear  no  newze  bat 
that  the  Inglish  of  quality  are  very  kindly 
and  royally  entertained  by  the  nobility, 
but  the  meaner  sort  not  so  well  used  by 
the  common  people,  which  troubles  tiie 
King  extremely,  who  entertains  all  the 
noblemen  [that]  went  with  him  not  as 
servants  but  guests.  This  is  all  his  journey 
hath  yett  brought  forth." 

The  following  is  a  remarkable  pas- 
sage respecting  pictures,  (alluded  to 
by  the  editor  as  above  quoted,)  in  her 
pursuit  of  which  the  Countess  of  Bed- 
ford came  into  collision  with  that 
famous  virtuoso,  the  Earl  of  Arundel. 

'*  I  had  almost  forgotten  an  earnest  re- 
quest I  am  to  make  by  you  to  Mr.  Bacon, 
but  that  a  trick  my  Lo.  qfArundeli  putt 
upon  me  yesterday  to  the  cutning  me  qf 
some  picture*  promised  me,  putt  me  in 
mind  of  itt.  I  was  told  the  last  night 
that  your  father-in-law  [Sir  Nicholsa 
Bacon]  was  like  to  die,  and  that  he  had 
some  peeces  of  painting  of  Holben*g, 
which  I  am  shewr,  as  soon  as  Arundell 
hears,  he  will  trye  all  means  to  gett :  but 
I  beseech  you  entreate  Mr.  Bacon,  if  they 
will  be  parted  with  to  any,  to  lay  hold  of 
them  afore-hand  for  me,  who  better  than 

3  O 


282 


Review. — Classical  Museum. 


[Sept. 


any  other  I  am  shewr  may  prevale  with 
hif  brother,  to  whos  share  I  conseave  they 
will  falle,  for  I  am  a  very  diligent  gatherer 
of  all  I  can  gett  of  Holben's  or  any  other 
excellent  master's  hand  ;  I  do  not  care  at 
what  rate  I  have  them  for  price,  but  I 
shall  thinke  itt  an  extraordinary  favor  if 
Mr.  Bacon  can  procure  me  those,  or  any 
others,  if  he  know  any  such  therabouts, 
upon  any  conditions  ;  whos  judgement  is 
80  extraordinary  good  as  I  know  nonne 
can  better  tell  what  is  worth  the  having. 
Some  of  those  I  have  found  in  obscure 
places,  and  gentlemen's  houses  that,  be- 
cause they  wear  old,  made  no  reckoning 
of  them;  and  that  makes  me  thinke  itt 
likely  that  ther  may  yett  be  in  divers 
places  many  excellent  unknown  peeses, 
for  which  I  lay  wayghte  with  all  my 
frends  ;  and  when  Mr.  Bacon  corns  to 
London,  he  shall  see  that,  though  I  be 
but  a  late  beginner,  I  have  prety  store  of 
ehoise peeses.  Dear  Madam,  let  me  hear 
by  this  bearer,  wheather  I  have  not  binne 
misinformed  concerning  thes  pictures, 
and,  if  I  have  not,  make  them  shewr 
eyther  for  me  or  nobody ;  and  be  not  curt- 
011*  to  thinke  I  may  pay  too  much,  for  I 
had  rather  have  them  thanjuels.  If  any 
copies  of  (hem  be  desired^  I  will  retome 
such  as  he  must  extraordinarily  well  know 
paintingSy  that  shall  distinguish  them 
from  the  originalls.'^ 

The  Countess's  letter  on  the  death  of 
the  Marquess  of  Hamilton  at  p.  119,  is 
truly  pathetic,  and  highly  creditable  to 
her  sentiments  :  and  what  she  slates  of 
the  change  at  court  on  the  death  of 
King  James  is  remarkable,  though  the 
change  itself  is  not  previously  un- 
known.  She  states  that  the  new  King, 

**  for  aught  any  body  yett  can  discover, 
makes  his  owne  determinacions,  and  is 
very  stiff  in  them  ;  having  already  changed 
the  whole  face  of  the  court  very  near  to 
the  same  forme  itt  had  in  Queene  Eliza- 
beth's tyme,  suffering  nonne  but  the 
counsell  and  his  bedchamber  to  come  fur- 
ther than  the  Privie  Chamber,  whear  he 
continually  abides ;  nor  the  councell  to  go 
ftirder  than  the  Privie  Galleries,  and 
causes  itt  to  be  strictly  kept  likewise. 
Into  the  Presence  no  more  are  admitted 
than  his  owne  servants  and  gentlemen  of 
quality.  Of  his  bedchamber  he  hath 
sworn  nonne  more  than  he  had  before  but 
tiie  Duke  of  Buckingham,  whom  be  uses 
very  well ;  but  it  is  hoped  will  be  governed 
by  no  man,  nor  will  he  admitt  any  of  the 
rest  as  is  thought.  After  the  funerall  itt 
is  expected  that  he  will  make  som  alte- 
racions  among  the  great  officers,  and  the 
common  voice  is,  change  my  Lord  Cham- 
berlain's staffe  into  th^t  I  shaU  never  but 


with  sorrow  see  in  other  hand  than  that* 
that  held  itt  last,  and  bestow  it  on  his 
brother.  Yett  so  farr  he  hath  not  yett 
declared  himself.'* 

We  have  now  reached  the  extent  of 
our  limits  for  extract,  and  shall  only 
notice  in  conclusion  two  little  points  of 
curiosity  :  one,  at  p.  152,  of  the  Lord 
General  Cecil  complaining  in  the  year 
1626,  of  popular  ballads. 

*'  Hee  broke  outt  into  a  confused  and 
passionate  discourse  of  his  hard  condicion, 
to  be  prejudged  and  decried  in  common 
voyce,  as  himself  said  hee  was,  even  as 
farr  as  to  ballet ts,** 

The  other  is  the  mention  of  Hyde 
Park  so  early  as  1632  as  a  fashionable 
resort.  Sir  Frederick  Cornwallis  had 
been  seen  "  in  Hide  Park  with  a  com- 
pany of  gentlewomen  in  a  coach  "  (p. 
247)  ;  and  again,  (p.  260)  '*  it  was 
not  Hide  Parke,  or  any  other /oo/erte, 
that  kept  mee  the  last  weake  from  pre- 
senting my  respects  to  your  Ladyship." 

Such  minute  allusions  as  these  have 
their  value,  and  many  such  will  al- 
ways incidentally  occur  in  old  corre- 
spondence. 

Classical  Museum,  No.  I.  July,  1843. 
Svo.  pp.  140. 

WHEN  the  volume  before  us  was 
put  into  our  hands,  the  feelings  excited 
by  its  appearance  were  those  of  sur- 
prise that  for  upwards  of  ten  years 
England  has  been  without  a  journal 
devoted  to  classical  literature ;  and  re- 
gret on  this  account  both  among  our 
own  and  foreign  scholars  has  naturally 
arisen,  when  they  recollect  that,  till 
within  a  very  late  period,  England  has 
always  been  renowned  for  its  labourers 
in  philology,  has  taken  the  lead  in 
classical  pursuits,  and  produces  scho- 
lars whom  even  the  great  hero  of  Ger- 
many,  Hermann,  confesses  to  be  su- 
perior to  those  of  his  own  country. 

Of  the  journals  devoted  to  this  spe- 
cies of  literature  that  have  appeared 
in  this  country  during  the  present 
century,  the  earliest  and  the  most  ex- 
tensive  is  the  Classical  Journal. 
In  a  work  that  extended  to  forty  vo- 

*  The  Marquess  of  Hamilton,  late 
Lord  Steward,  is  alluded  to.  The  Earl 
of  Pembroke  was  Lord  Chamberlain.  His 
brother  was  the  Earl  of  Montgomery, 
who  became  Lord  Chamberlain  to  Hen^ 
rietta  Maria. 


18430 


Review. — Classical  Museum. 


283 


lumes,  we  must  expect  to  meet  with 
articles  of  various  descriptions — much 
that  is  good,  as  well  as  much  that  is 
useless  and  puerile.  But  in  the  earlier 
numbers  it  will  be  sufficient  to  men- 
tion the  names  of  such  contributors  as 
Blomfield,  Dobree,  Elmsley,  Kidd,  and 
others,  as  a  proof  of  the  many  valuable 
papers  its  pages  contain.  That  there 
were  two  or  three  writers  who  loaded 
its  pages  with  abuse,  and  tended  to 
bring  it  into  bad  fame,  is  too  well 
known  to  need  any  comment ;  but  in 
the  later  volumes  we  again  meet  with 
much  that  is  valuable. 

Of  the  Museum  Criticum,  the  next 
of  our  classical  periodicals,  we  need 
only  say  that  to  praise  it  would  be 
impertinent ;  it  forms  in  our  opinion 
the  model  for  works  of  this  description 
— and  we  hope  to  find  the  Classical 
Museum  as  useful  and  as  successful. 

The  last  journal  that  we  have  to 
notice  is  the  Philological  Museum. 
The  names  of  Clinton,  Cramer,  Hare, 
Thirlwall,  G.  C.  Lewis  (some  valuable 
articles  from  whose  pen  appear  in  the 
later  numbers  of  the  ClassicalJournal, 
and  whom  we  are  glad  to  find  a  con- 
tributor to  the  Classical  Museum),  &c. 
are  testimonies  to  its  value.  It  gave, 
perhaps,  too  much  space  to  etymolo- 
gical disquisitions  ;  although  its  title 
"  Philological"  may  be  said  to  carry 
with  it  an  apology  for  this.  And  now, 
if  the  reader  be  not  already  tired,  let  us 
come  to  the  Classical  Museum. 

The  first  article  is  a  review  of  fioeckh 
on  Ancient  Weights,  Coins,  and  Mea- 
sures, by  Mr.  Grote.  It  is,  perhaps, 
not  in  the  best  taste  to  begin  a  work 
of  this  kind  with  an  article,  the  sub- 
ject  of  which  is  essentially  heavy  and 
comparatively  uninteresting.  "Dis- 
quisitions on  the  form  of  Thericlean 
Cups,  or  I  he  Value  of  Sicilian  Talents/** 
ought  not,  and  we  trust  will  not,  su- 
persede the  more  legitimate  objects  of 
philology  and  criticism.  But  do  not 
let  us  be  misunderstood ;  we  on  no 
account  would  undervalue  anything 
that  tends  to  increase  our  knowledge 
of  the  customs  and  manners  of  the  an- 
cients—we wish  merely  to  prevent 
a  too  great  attention  being  paid 
to  such  subjects  as  the  above,  to 
the  detriment  of  those  that  are  more 


*  Ehndey,  in  the  Edmburgh  Review, 
▼ol.  11.  p.  309. 


important ;  and  the  placing  this  article 
at  the  commencement  of  a  work  like 
the  present,  inclines  us  to  believe  that 
a  large  portion  will  be  devoted  to  si- 
milar articles. 

However,  Mr.  Grote  has  written  a 
very  able  paper  on  the  subject ;  when 
he  differs  from  Boeckb,  his  objections 
are  very  clearly  stated,  and  as  firmly 
supported.  Mr.  Grote  has  a  strange 
antipathy  to  the  letter  c  in  Greek 
names — so  we  find  Korkyra  (p.  5), 
Thukydides  (p.  10,  note  6),  the  ChaU 
kideans  in  Thrakd  (p.  11),*  &c. 

The  next  article  is  an  edition  (the 
fourth,  as  we  learn  from  the  preface) 
of  the  Hymn  to  Isis,  found  in  the 
island  of  Andros,  by  Dr.  Schmitz. 
We  cannot  help  wishing  that  the 
learned  editor  had  given  us  the  whole 
Hymn,  instead  of  but  half,  in  however 
a  mutilated  state  it  may  be.  He  has 
given  under  the  text  the  various  read- 
ings of  previous  editors,  and  of  the 
stone  when  he  has  ventured  to  differ 
from  it.  He  has  in  general  adopted 
the  best  readings ;  but  we  think  that 
the  notes  should  have  been  written  in 
Latin.  And  here  we  will  take  an 
opportunity  of  saying  a  few  words 
against  the  pernicious  system  of  writ- 
ing English  notes  upon  a  classical 
author.  The  subject  was  successfully 
handled  in  a  recent  number  of  the 
Quarterly  Review.  The  excessive 
length  to  which  English  notes  are 
generally  carried  forms  a  great  objec- 
tion to  them — and  since  Latin  notes 
must  cause  much  labour,  they  will 
naturally  be  more  terse  and  more  to 
the  point.f  Again,  English  notes  are 
useful  only  in  England,  German  notes 
in  Germany,  &c. ;  for,  in  spite  of  Dr. 
Arnold's  dictum,  we  cannot  but  think 
that  there  are  maay  English  scholars 
who  do  not  understand  Germtui,.  and 
far  more  German  scholars  who  are 
totally  ignorant  of  English.  Even  in 
Dr.  Arnold's  excellent  edition  of  Thu- 
cydides,  many  of  the  notes  are  too 
long,  a  fault  which  would  probably 
have  been  avoided  if  they  were  written 
in  Latin.  Besides,  the  excessive  pue- 
rility to  which  some  editors  descend  in 
English  notes  forms  another  objection. 

*  This  reminds  ns  of  a  well-known 
farce>  where,  after  a  short  debate,  the 
author  of  Shakspeare  is  decided  to  hsTC 
been  KolUy  Kihbtr. 

t  Ctoart.  Rot.  vol,  LXIV.  p.  378. 


284 


Rbtisw.— CtoMkai  Mmmum, 


CSept 


Not  to  assame  this  without  proof,  we 
will  extract  in  a  note  a  passage  from 
the  DOtes  of  Mr.  Mitchell,  a  gentle- 
man who  is  well  known  as  a  deter- 
mined upholder  of  English  notes,  and 
who,  in  his  prefisce  to  a  play  of  So- 
phocles, has  offered  some  Tery  face- 
tioas  remarks  to  deter  a  future  editor 
from  returning  to  the  old  system.* 

But  we  must  now  return  to  the 
third  article  of  the  Classical  Museum ; 
On  Greek  Topography,  by  the  ReT.  A. 
P.  Stanley,  a  most  interesting  paper, 
and  worthy  of  great  praise.  The  chidT 
features  of  Greek  topography  are  point- 
ed out  with  great  tact,  and  the  whole 
will  repay  an  attentiTe  perusal.  The 
mention  of  the  fact  that  the  Greek 
theatres  are  generally  placed  so  as  to 
OTerlook  the  sea,  and  to  command  as 
eztensiTe  a  prospect  as  possible,  re- 
minds us  of  Dr.  Wordsworth's  in- 
teresting account  of  the  theatre  at 
Athens,  where  he  points  out  the  effect 
that  the  avpeam  Kokbm  of  Greece,  and 
the  scenes  of  all  its  glories,  which 
eoold  be  seen  from  the  theatre  itself, 
had  upon  the  compositions  of  the 
tragic  poets.  (Athens  and  Attica, 
pp.  95---97-)  We  must  reioctantly 
agree  with  Mr.  Stanley  in  abandoning 
Dr.  Wordsworth's  pleasing  theory  re- 
specting the  bema  (p.  55,  note.) 

We  have  next  two  short  articles  to 
prov«  the  accuracy  of  Herodotus,  and 
the  relianoe  that  may  be  placed  in  h» 
statiemeBts  when  he  speaks  from  his 


*  Aiutoph.  Xab.  ^OS. 
•*  •  To*  fway  Idkw/  iti— trt  Stiep- 
■iiri,«tthesMiet»epokii|ghB<nyr 
■i»  the  sckoSar^  libs^  *  bat  y««  taJBt  as 
llttwliBkti0i(«ttd«sJttStwv<''*  {We 
aay  Mthn^  of  the  iJtat  ialnf««UtNai :} 

Asiia,  Xid».  «»&  -^  Let  «s  look  aft 
liheaMleef  oite  jkvbuIt— vi^dk  oomcs 
«pf«r  the  Iboe  «f  the  im  SocsraftK;.  «ai 
WnrtW'it^M^  "iiiMh  rtfdker  pb^  dHMt 
tdbaa  wMe>  IfrMa  1^  Kp».  "  Haffnr  Ari^ 
liifliaaMtj:'  idiMi  wt  a  «dl!)«w  «^f  wAwtoe 
«Mk  «mU  IMm^iik  an  Wmhm  «<Qie  as 
Vm*^  ^mA  ^ail  dtt  the  fJUwito  trf  ^  ail> 
iiMilft  tdb«MM^  Mil  tibe  |(iQr  WiKI^ 
«MW(«^  «ani  iArti^a«iw(Q«r  «)M]r>!dbioi 
ai^vjNiiMMe  aiiiMil  -7  ^  '*'  ^^i»(w 

^<r  ^w  «M>  w»«a  t^  5Jbr  t»M*  ?«i  S$<^ 


own  experience,  by  Dr.  Sdimitz  and 
Mr.  George  Long.  The  former  is  aM 
account  of  the  discovery  of  one  of  the 
monuments  mentioned  by  Herodotus 
as  having  been  raised  by  Sesostris ; 
the  latter  is  a  defence  of  the  celebrated 
canal  through  the  peninsula  of  Athos, 
which  JuTenal  (^.  X.  174,)  has 
ridiculed.  But  in  this  latter  paper 
there  is  a  passage  which  we  think 
ought  not  to  pass  nnnotioed  ;*  k  is  as 
follows :  (p.  85,) 

"  Ruperti's  note  on  the  posige  (i.  e. 
of  Juraud)  is  a  good  sample  of  ciitieil 
ignoruice.  He  had  not  leiid  HcrodoCai, 
or  he  could  not  ui 


VM 


Now,  Rupeiti  was  no  mean  adiolar — 
a  scholar  as  superior  in  his  attain- 
ments to  Mr.  Long,  as  his  repotatioii 
is  removed  from  being  injured  lyy  his 
sneers.  Tliat  he  was  not  mistaken  in 
the  present  case  we  do  not  pretend ; 
but  this  is  only  an  instance  of  the 
truth  of  one  of  Porson's  most  certain 
canons,  that  aix  mtx  Jina  tt^^tt 
TO  KUtoa.f  By  all  means  let  the 
mistakes  of  scholars  be  pointed  out ; 
but  let  it  be  done  in  a  gentlemanly  and 
sdiolarlike  manner.  We  trust*  that 
the  editors  of  the  ClasKcal  Moseana 
will  take  care  that  in  fiatore  no  abuse 
of  thb  kind  disgraces  their  pages.  It 
can  only  bring  them  into  disrepote. 

Hiis  is  followed  by  a  Dissertation 
on  a  Second  Bosporus  Cimaserius,  &c 
by  Dr.  Plate,  which  we  think  the  BM»t 
important  paper  in  the  present  number. 
The  anthor  establishes  his  point,  and 
intetprcts  the  impoitant  passives 
of  Gonstantine  Pafpihyrogeneta  amd 
Sttraho,  with  great  excess.  It  is, 
indeed,  as  the  ahove»mentiomed  re- 
mw  remarked,**  an  aoqeisitran.^  It 
k  also  written  in  apleasii^  ^tyie,  and 
is  rendered  ^icry  interesta)^. 

A  few  insttanoes  of  l£e  Sanscrit 
omin  ofsom«&««kaBdLiiit3nwicird^ 
hr  Ilr.  Sttiith«  make  n$  wish  ferwMare. 
^  he  nn1«a>^  (be  cettSnvae  tibem^  l^hey 
$li^()dMilbaY^  h(««a  T^aitKd  in  all|j^^ 
Mder;  lie  desms  Oesar  teria  libe 
SwanoraH  hfaiu  ^^hnar;**  %nit  we  |a«der 

>lir.  Lew^\i  9<a?«r  **Osi  1^  ^buob]^ 

ao>^  On^giu  ^i3be  vea^  **  1>©  IM,' •*  n 


iwiaai  iQiaa  oa  ih*  W* 


18430 


RxYiEW.^-^Davies's  View  of  Cheliefiham. 


285 


Classical  Museum  may  be  questioned. 
We  shall  hope  to  see  more  valuable 
articles  from  his  pen. 

We  have  next  notices  of  recent  pub- 
lications ;  Foreign  intelligence,  among 
v^rhich  is  an  interesting  abstract  of  the 
important  excavations  in  Greece,  and 
which  we  wish  was  fuller,  and  without 
any  &c.  &c. ;  and  accounts  of  the 
numbers  of  students  and  professors  at 
some  of  the  German  universities.  The 
volume  concludes  with  lists  of  the 
works  recently  published  in  England 
and  the  continent,  the  former  of  which 
is  by  no  means  as  complete  as  it  should 
be;  e,g,  to  mention  the  first  books  that 
occur  to  us ;  no  mention  is  made  of 
Gaisford's  Chseroboschus,  and  Eusebii 
Eclog.  Proph.  both  published  in  1842. 

On  the  whole  we  are  disposed  to 
augur  very  well  of  this  publication  from 
the  appearance  of  the  first  number. 
It  is  a  periodical  that  ought  to  be  sup- 
ported, and  we  trust  that  the  public 
will  assist  it  by  admitting  it  into  their 
libraries,  and,  what  is  of  more  im- 
portance, our  present  scholars  will  aid 
it  by  their  contributions.  We  would 
again  urge  upon  the  editors  to  take 
the  Museum  Criticum  for  their  model, 
and  by  so  doing  we  have  no  doubt 
that  their  publication  will  be  rendered 
at  once  interesting,  amusing,  and 
useful. 

We  must  not  omit  to  state  that  the 
present  number  contains  two  very 
well-executed  maps. 

A  View  of  Cheltenham,  in  its  past  and 

present  state.    By  Henry    Davies. 

8vo.  pp,  220. 

THE  author  of  this  work  has  so 
long  directed  his  constant  attention  to 
the  progress  of  Cheltenham,  and  all  its 
institutions,  that  no  one  is  better  qua- 
lified to  present  to  the  world  its  mo- 
dern history  and  condition.  This  vo- 
lume is,  in  fact,  the  fourth  edition  of 
a  work  which  he  has  previously  en- 
titled the  Stranger's  Guide;  but  it 
now  comes  forward  in  a  handsomer 
form,  and  more  highly  illustrated  with 
engravings.  Besides  a  map,  it  has 
eight  lithographic  plates  and  forty- 
eight  woodcut  vignettes;  and  also  a 
plate  exhibiting  the  geological  strata 
round  Cheltenham,  and  illustrating  the 
researches  of  that  highly  competent 
authority  Mr.  Murchison. 

From  a  rtfiew  of  the  growth  of 


Cheltenham,  we  find  that  in  1801  it& 
population  was  only  3076;  in  181 1^ 
8325 ;  and  in  1821,  13,388.  Its 
resources  are  supposed  by  the  au- 
thor to  have  been  most  rapidly  de- 
veloped in  the  period  between  1821 
and  1831,  though  it  has  still  con- 
tinued largely  to  increase.  In  the 
latter  year  its  population  was  reported 
at  22,942,  and  it  became  a  parlia- 
mentary borough.  In  1841  its  popu- 
lation was  31,391.  It  has  now  sevea 
churches ;  and  the  present  year  has 
witnessed  the  completion  of  a  Pro- 
prietary College,  which  has  every 
prospect  of  becoming  permanently 
useful.  The  structure  which  has  been 
erected  for  it,  from  the  designs  of  J. 
Wilson,  esq.  appears  an  elegant  build- 
ing, and  shows  we  think  a  decided  im- 
provement in  buildings  of  this  kind, 
since  the  school -house  at  Rugby  was 
rebuilt  in  the  same  style  about  a 
quarter  of  a  century  ago. 

Mr.  Davies's  volume  is  concluded 
with  a  chronological  series  of  events 
in  the  history  of  the  town.  From  one 
of  the  last  items  we  find  that  the  ma- 
nor of  Cheltenham  has  been  recently 
sold  by  Lord  Sherborne.  It  was  pur- 
chased by  his  ancestor,  John  Dutton, 
esq.  in  1628,  for  1,2002.  and  was  sold 
on  the  16th  March  in  the  present  year, 
(with  other  property  in  the  town,)  for 
39,000Z.  The  purchasers  are  Mrs. 
Gardner  and  James  Agg  Gardner,  esq. 

Crosby  Place,  described  in  a  Lecture  on 
its  Antiquities  and  Reminiscences  ;  de- 
livered in  the  Great  Hall,  Aug,  5, 
1842.  By  the  Rev,  Charles  Macken- 
zie,  A.M.    Vicar  of    St,    Helen's, 
Bishopsgate,  8fc.  Svo,  pp.  60, 
THE  attention  which  has  been  di- 
rected to  Crosby  Hall  by  the  zeal  and 
activity  of  those  who  have  promoted 
its  recent  repairs  and  restoration,  hat 
been  productive  of  several  publications 
in  illustration  of  its  architecture  and 
its  history ;  and,  certainly,  it  has  well 
merited  such  commemoration  ;  for  not 
only  does  it  remain  the  sole  memorial 
of  the  domestic   magnificence  main- 
tained by  the  ancient  citizens  of  Lon- 
don, but  it  has  to  boast  of  historical 
associations  with  a  long  series  of  the 
most  illustrious  names.     Of  these  the 
leading  and  most  interesting  points 
are  brought  forward  and  discussed  in 
a  pleasing  manner  by  Mr.  Mackenzie 


Review.— Mackenzie's  Croaby  Place. 


[Sept. 


ID  the  essa^  before  ne,  which  we  have 
no  doubt  will  prove  aa  acceptable  in 
ft  printed  form  as  it  was  on  its  oral 
deliverer. 

Richard  the  Third's  residence  at 
Crosby  Place,  immediately  before  his 
ftssuraptioD  of  the  crown,  is  affirmed 
bf  all  the  old  historians.  Hotinehed 
saya,  "By  little  and  little  all  foike 
withdrew  from  the  Tower,  and  drew 
unto  Crosbiea,  in  Biahopegate  street, 
where  the  Protector  kept  his  houae- 
hold,  so  that  the  Protector  had  the 
couTti  and  the  King  was  in  a  manner 
left  desolate."  It  is  remarked,  how- 
ever, by  Mr.  Mackenzie,  that 

"  In  her  very  fascinating  LWes  of  the 
dneeDs  of  Eagland,  Miss  Strickland  de- 
clares that  all '  Ricbard'a  priTate  councils 
were  held  st  tbe  dower  residence  of  his 
mother  at  Barnard's  [a  misprint  far  Bay. 
nard's]  Castle,  where  she  was  then  abid. 
lag,'  and  that  '  a  forced  recognition  of 
Richard  ss  King'  was  made  '  in  tbe  ball 
of  Crasby-hoDse,  his  town  residence.' 
(Vol.  iii.  319,  350.)  But  Rapinand  other 
•nOiorities  convince  me  thst  this  talented 
authoreiB  has  made  some  conTasion  be- 
tween theae  two  residences  of  the  Pro- 
tector, and  has  named  Baynard's  CasUe 
where  she  should  have  named  Crosby 
Hall,  while  she  hns  made  Croaby  Hall  the 
scene  of  an  event  which  was  enacted  at 
hig  mother's  residence." 

Crosby  Place,  when  entire,  is  sup- 
posed to  have  been  much  more  eiten- 
sive  than  the  existing  lemains.  A 
ground-plan  of  the  whole,  as  far  aa 
could  be  ascertained  from  foundation 
walls,  &c.  made  by  Mr.  Lapworth, 
lately  gained  the  Soane  medallion  at 
the  Institute  of  British  Architects,  and 
has  been  placed,  with  the  accompany- 
ing memoir,  in  the  library  of  that  in- 
stitution. 

"  The  modern  buildings  in  Crosby 
-Square  occupy  the  line  of  the  originid 
apartments  and  offices  which  surrounded 
the  quadrangle  ;  and  the  frontage  in  Bi- 
BhopBgate  Street  was  probably  open,  the 
HaU  being  eiposed  to  view.  Access  to 
tbe  mansion  from  tbe  Priory  precinct  and 
chnrcb  of  St.  Helen  waa  on  the  north 
ude,  by  a  doorway  opening  into  a  plea- 
saunce  or  garden  ;  and  that  portion  of  the 
building,  laag  a  disgrace  to  the  neigh- 
bourhood, has  now  becomB  one  of  its  hnsba 
greatest  omamenta.  liahm 

"  The  new  North  Front  is  built  on  the     thmk 
t  foondationa,  and  is  composed 


latter  part  of  the  fifteenth  century.    The 


details  are  studied  with  a  special  reference 
to  the  manor-bouae  of  Great  Chalfield, 
Wiitahire,  erected  in  that  age.* 

"  Tbe  oriel  window  on  that  side  is  de. 
corated  with  acnlptnre  diaplaying  in  the 
centre,  over  the  tabling,  the  arms  and 
crest  of  Sir  John  Crosby  ;  the  frieze  over 
the  oriel  exhibits  the  arms  of  five  of  tbe 
later  freeholders.  Sir  Thomas  More, 
16S3  i  Alderman  WillUm  Bond,  1560; 
Sir  John  Spencer,+  1594  i  Spencer  Earl 
of  Northamptan,  1630  ;  and  tbe  Freeman 
family,  [from]  1693  [to  the  present  thne.] 
This  front  I  have  called  neis,  adviaedly ; 
for  there  is  no  attempt  at  ratorution,  no 
documents  beingin  existence  which  might 
serve  aa  sure  guides.  Tbe  only  part  that 
is  ancient,  beaidea  the  foundation,  ia  the 
baaement  window,  openinginto  the  vault- 
ed cellar,  now  used  in  the  kitchen.  The 
eiternal  mouldings  of  this  window  have 
been  faithfully  reatored  from  the  decayed 
mouldings,  which  for  a  long  series  of 
years  were  buried  andemeatb  tbe  steps. 


*  And  of  which  see  a  view  in  our  Mag. 
for  July  1B34. 

t  We  cannot  omit  to  notice  that  Mr. 
Mackenzie  bas  fallen  into  the  error  of  re- 
garding aa  genuine  the  letter  of  Elizabeth 
Lady  Complon,  the  heiress  of  Sir  John 
Spencer,  supposed  to  be  addressed  to  her 
hnsband,  relative  to  her  household  eatab. 
and  personal  eipeosea.  We 
s  a  fabrication,  though  a  clever 

,  -  ,  .....  it  baa  misled  other  authors,  one 

Ute  ityle  of  domestic  architecture  of  Che     of  whom  we  noticed  ngt  long  aince. 


1843.] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews, 


287 


The  right-hand  jamb  and  half  the  arch  of 
the  entrance  door  has  been  left  undis- 
turbed ;  and  there  is  a  stone  doorway  in 
the  west  wall  now  opening  into  a  small 
ante-room,  which  is  original.  These  are 
beautiful  in  character,  and  have  been  care- 
fully preserved,  and  they  have  served  the 
architect  as  key-notes  for  the  general  de- 
tails of  this  part  of  the  building.' » 

The  architect  employed  in  these  re- 


storations was  Mr.  John  Davies,  of 
Devonshire-square.  We  have  asked 
permission  to  present  our  readers  with 
the  representation  of  the  new  fagade  ; 
which,  together  with  the  view  of  the 
restored  front  towards  the  court-yard, 
which  was  given  in  our  Magazine  for 
Sept.  1836,  will  inform  our  readers 
ef  the  principal  works  effected  by  the 
restoration  committee. 


Proverbial  Philosophy ^  Sfc,    J?y  M.  F. 
Tupper. — This  is  the  second  series  of  a 
work,  the  first  part  of  which  we  noticed 
some  time  since.     The  maxims  and  sen- 
tences are  written  according  to  the  ori- 
ental style,  after  the  manner  of  the  Aira- 
bian  writers,   and    some   of  the   Jewish 
books  not  received  into  the  authentic  vo- 
lume of  scripture  ;  but  possessing  much 
wisdom  and  sound  remark  on  life,   ex- 
pressed in  language   figurative  and  ele- 
gant.    Many  parts  of  Mr.  Tupper*s  vo- 
lume  show  a  rich  and  copious  fancy,  ac- 
curate observation  of  nature,  and  a  happy 
power  of  clothing  practical  truth  in  me- 
taphorical language,  and  in  the  attractive 
robe  of  poetical  allusion  ;  indeed,  the  va- 
riety and  abundance  of  his  figures  is  not 
the  least  remarkable  feature  in  the  volume. 
As  a  specimen,  the  beginning  of  the  sec- 
tion '*  Of  Life  **  may  be  given. 

A  child  was  playing  in  a  garden,  a  merry  little 

child. 
Bounding  with  triumphant  health,  and  full 

of  happy  fancies  ; 
His  kite  was  floating  in  the  sunshine— but  he 

tied  the  string  to  a  twig, 
And  ran  among  the  flowers  to  catch  a  new-bom 

butterfly ; 
His  hornbook  lay  upon  a  bank,  but  the  pretty 

truant  hid  it, 
Bound  up  in  gathered  grass,  and  moss,  and 

sweet  wild  thyme. 
He  launched  a  paper  boat  upon  the  fountain- 
then  wayward  turned  aside, 
To  twine  some  fragrant  jessamines  about  the 

dripping  marble ; 
So    in    various    pastimes,    shadowing   the 

schemes  of  manhood. 
That  curly-headed  boy  consumed  the  golden 

hours,  . 

And  I  blessed  his  glowing  face,  envying  the 

merry  little  child , 
As  he  shouted  with  the  extacy  of  being,  cla^' 

ping  his  hands  for  joyfulness. 
For  I  said.  Surely,  O  Life,  thy  name  is  happi- 
ness and  hope. 
Thy  days  are  bright,  thy  flowers  are  sweet, 

and  pleasure  the  condition  of  thy  gift. 


Translations  from  the  German,  Prose 
and  Verse,  By  H.  Reeve  and  S.  £. 
Taylor. — ^A  pleasing  selection  of  tales  and 
poems  from  the  lesser,  *'  but  not  the  least, 
of  the  lights  of  modem  German  litera- 
ture," including  the  names  of  Jean  Paul, 
Novalis,  Goethe,  Uhland,  &c.  There  is 
at  the  end  a  poem  called  "  The  Paris, 
the  original  by  the  most  eminent  living 
Polish  poet,  and  it  bears  marks  of  the  pe- 
culiar Sclavonian  genius  of  its  author." 
The  names  of  the  translators  are  an  as- 
surance of  the  elegance  and  fidelity  of 
their  versions.  The  first  of  the  pieces, 
"  Reminiscences  of  the  last  hour  of  life 
for  the  hour  of  death,**  has  been  re- 
printed in  America.  We  will  give,  as  our 
specimen  of  the  poetical  part, 

THE    RETURN  OF  THE  BARD.      {Uhland,) 

The  bard  lies  low  upon  his  bier. 
His  lips  are  cold,  his-  song  is  o*er, 

Crown  ye  with  Daphne's  faded  hair 
The  brow  which  nowshall  throb  no  more. 

Lay  by  his  side  the  scrolls  which  tell 
The  last  sweet  strains  he  lov*d  to  sing, 

The  lyre  that  erst  he  struck  so  well 
Lies  in  his  arms,  yet  shall  not  ring. 

So  let  the  bard  his  slumber  sleep. 
His  strains  shall  still  reverberate. 

And  future  generations  weep 

For  him  who  sunk  to  adverse  fate. 

Long  moons  and  years  shall  pass  like  breath, 
The  cypress  shade  him  with  its  gloom. 

And  those  who  wept  his  earlier  death, 
Shall  sink  themselves  into  the  tomb. 

Yet,  as  the  beauteous  spring  returns. 

With  fire  renewed  to  cheer  the  earth. 
So  with  fresh  fire  his  spirit  bums. 
The  bard  renews  each  year  his  birth. 

For  to  the  living  he  belongs, 
The  grave  on  him  no  chill  has  cast ; 

And  those  live  only  in  his  songs 
Who  idly  deemed  his  life  was  past. 


288 


FINE  ARTS. 


ARCHITECTURAL    DRAWINGS,   ROTAL 
ACADEMY. 

In  the  designs  for  Churches  exhibited 
this  year  a  marked  improvement  is  ob- 
scirable,  not  alone  in  the  style  of  archi- 
tecture»  but  in  the  ecclesiastical  propriety 
of  the  structure.  This  is  manifestly  at- 
tributable to  the  formation  of  the  several 
societies  for  the  promotion  of  the  study  of 
architectural  design  which  have  been  re- 
cently formed,  and  more  especially  to 
those  which  have  arisen  in  the  two  Uni- 
versities. The  two  following  subjects  may 
be  considered  as  formed  under  the  inspec- 
tion of  the  Oxford  Architectural  Society. 

1228.  The  accepted  design  for  the 
New  Cathedral  Church  at  St,  John^ 
Newfoundland,  J.  M,  Derick,  A  large 
and  handsome  cruciform  structure,  con- 
sisting of  nave,  transept,  and  choir,  with 
a  central  tower,  crowned  with  a  lofty  and 
elegant  spire.  The  style  is  the  latest 
variety  of  lancet  architecture  of  the  period, 
in  which  traceried  windows  were  coming 
into  use  by  rapid  steps.  The  transept  has 
five  lancet  lights  in  the  York  style.  There 
is  an  entrance  below  this  window  which 
serves  to  mar  the  r^^larity  of  the  design ; 
pinnacles  are  applied  to  the  angles  of  the 
design,  and  the  style,  though  somewhat 
lighter  than  ancient  examples,  is  still  a 
good  specimen  of  early  English  architec- 
ture. 

1263.  New  Church  of  St.  John  the 
Evangelist^  now  erecting  at  Marehwood, 
Hants.  J,  M.  Derick.  A  very  pleasing 
design  for  a  parish  church,  of  early  Eng- 
lish architecture.  It  consists  of  a  nave 
and  aisles,  with  a  tower  at  the  south-west 
angle  of  nave,  terminated  by  a  plain  spire 
of  stone.  A  transept  is  attached  to  the 
nave  of  less  elevation  than  the  main  body 
of  the  structure,  and  there  is  a  good  chan- 
cel. The  windows  are  lancet-shaped, 
being  triple  in  the  transept  front.  This 
church,  with  the  design  for  the  cathedral 
by  the  same  architect,  shews  the  great 
beauty  of  the  lancet  style  when  worked 
with  its  due  proportions. 

The  next  subject  is  an  interior  view  of 
a  church  designed  under  the  inspection  of 
the  Cambridge  Camden  Society.  It  is 
calculated  to  display  the  purity  of  the  ec-* 
clesiastical  an'angement  with  greater  pre- 
cision than  any  exterior  view,  and  it  is 
pleasing  to  see  how  ably  the  architect  has 
carried  out  in  this  design  the  strict  views 
of  that  Society  upon  church  arrangement, 
according  to  ancient  models,  and  at  the 
same  time  he  has  given  to  the  structure 
the  peculiar  features  of  the  churches  of 

tbe  county  in  which  it  is  to  be  crcctcdt 


1247.  Interior  of  the  Church  about  to 
be  erected  at  WhitstablCf  Kent.  R,  C. 
Carpenter.  This  is  a  design  fully  con- 
structed on  the  model  of  the  ancient  edi- 
fices of  the  county.  The  architecture  is 
in  the  style  of  the  age  of  Edward  the 
Third.  It  consists  of  a  nave  and  aisles, 
separated  by  an  arcade  of  lofty  pointed 
arches,  with  chamfered  architraves  spring- 
ing from  octagon  columns,  the  roof  of 
timber,  sustained  by  arched  principals 
without  tie  beams.  The  chancel  and 
nave  are  separated  by  a  rood  screen,  and 
open  seats  occupy  the  latter  instead  of 
pews.  The  pulpit  is  of  stone,  attached 
by  one  of  the  piers  of  the  chancel ;  it  is 
octagonal  in  form  and  painted  with  figurea 
of  saints.  The  design  might  really  pass 
for  the  view  of  a  church  actually  built  in 
the  fourteenth  century. 

The  following  subject  is  also  deserving 
of  praise  for  the  general  merit  of  its  ar« 
rangement  upon  church  principles,  as  well 
as  the  superior  appearance  it  makes  when 
compared  with  the  generality  of  modem 
churches  : 

1260.  Interior  qf  the  New  Church  qf 
St.  Alary  the  Virgin,  Heme  Hill,  Dulwich, 
O,  Alexander,  It  is  a  fair  example  of 
ecclesiastical  design,  although  the  archi- 
tecture is  not  so  pleasing  as  Whitatable 
on  account  of  the  Tudor  style  having 
been  adopted,  which  is  devoid  of  the  as- 
piring character  of  the  earMer  stvles.  The 
interior  consists  of  a  nave  and  aisles,  sepa- 
rated by  an  arcade  of  four  centered  arches 
on  the  usual  Tudor  pier,  an  octagon  with 
four  attached  columns.  The  roof  is  tim- 
ber, sustained  upon  carved  trusses ;  the 
aisles  panelled.  The  pulpit,  against  one 
of  the  chancel  piers,  is  of  stone,  and 
bracket-shaped ;  it  is  approached  by  a 
concealed  staircase  entering  through  an 
arch  in  the  wall.  The  font  is  in  the  cen- 
tre of  the  west  end,  octagonal  and  pa- 
neled. The  architecture  of  the  church  is 
in  good  keeping,  but  the  windows  ex- 
hibit the  usual  fault  of  modern  Gothic  in 
the  interior  arches,  which  are  of  the  same 
form  as  the  exterior  ones ;  all  good  ex- 
amples of  Gothic  architecture  having  an 
arch  more  depressed  in  the  interior  than 
the  outer  face  of  the  wail,  and  wider,  to 
meet  the  splay  of  the  window.  This  ar- 
rangement is  seldom  used  in  modem  ex- 
amples, and  is  one  of  the  chief  causes  of 
the  meanness  which  commonly  marks  the 
interior  of  a  new  church. 

In  a  very  different  style  to  either  of  the 
former  is 

1173.    Approved  design  for  rebuilding 
Dowry  Chapel j  HotwelU^  Bristol,    F*  E, 


1843.] 


Fine  Arts. 


289 


H,  Fowler.  A  specimen  of  a  style  which 
we  hoped  to  have  seen  no  longer  used 
in  ecclesiastical  designs.  It  is  a  com- 
mon-place structure,  and  very  far  behind 
the  present  improved  state  of  church 
building.  The  principal  front  alone  is 
seen,  which  consists  of  a  portico  of  four 
columns,  with  wings  for  gallery  stairs  and 
a  small  square  tower  and  dome  above  in 
the  usual  proprietary  chapel  style;  we 
trust  it  will  be  the  last  of  its  class. 

1208.  South-east  view  of  All  Saints' 
Chapelt  Sonning,  erected  at  the  ex* 
pense  of  Rob.  Palmer ^  esq.  M.P.  J, 
Turner.  A  small  early  English  chapel, 
consisting  of  nave  and  chancel,  with  a 
bell  gable  on  the  apex  of  the  west  front. 
The  chancel,  as  usual  in  modem  specimens 
of  early  English,  is  much  too  small,  being 
little  more  than  a  recess  at  the  upper  end 
of  the  nave. 

1215.  Interior  of  St.  MichaeVs  Church, 
Stockwell,  lately  erected  from  the  design 
of  Mr.  W,  Rogers. 

We  are  indebted  to  the  catalogue  for 
the  information  that  it  gives,  otherwise 
we  might  have  mistaken  the  design  for  a 
view  of  one  of  Mr.  Maudslay*s  work- 
shops. Instead  of  nave,  aisles,  and  chan- 
eel,  here  is  a  naked  interior,  with  an  open 
wiry  roof,  supported  by,  apparently,  cast 
iron  uprights,  without  any  pretension  to 
architectural  character ;  so  much  so  that 
it  would  appear  that  a  studied  contempt 
of  the  proprieties  of  ecclesiastical  design 
is  what  the  building  was  chiefly  designed 
to  exhibit.  It  is  true  there  is  a  pulpit  in 
the  centre,  immediately  behind  which  may 
be  an  altar;  but  two  small  galleries  flank- 
ing the  latter  seem  to  destroy  this  idea, 
and  lead  to  the  supposition  that  it  is  rather 
designed  for  a  lecture  room.  We  regret 
to  see  this  structure  added  to  the  othec 
extraordinary  examples  of  church  building 
which  are  to  be  found  in  the  southern 
environs  of  the  metropolis. 

1246.  South-east  view  of  the  New 
Church  just  commenced  at  HiidenbO' 
roughf  near  Tunbridge^  Kent.  E.  Chris- 
tian. This  design  represents  a  cross 
church  of  lancet  architecture.  It  consists 
of  a  nave  and  aisles  comprehended  un- 
der one  roof,  transepts  and  a  chancel,  the 
latter  injured  by  an  injudicious  and  unne- 
cessary attempt  to  unite  the  apse  with  the 
square  chancel,  to  produce  which  the 
side  walls  are  made  to  sweep  round  to  the 
eastern  end.  But  for  this  conceit  the  de- 
sign would  possess  some  merit. 

The  chancel  and  transept  have  triple 
lancet  windows.  The  tower  is  situated  in 
the  angle  between  the  nave  and  south 
transept,  and  is  surmounted  by  a  plain 
octagonal  spire. 

1248.  The  new  French  Protestant 
Churchy   St.    Martin-le-Grand.     •/•  S. 

Gent*  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


Owen,  The  smallness  of  the  building? 
and  the  exuberance  of  ornament  are  the 
more  striking  features  of  the  design.  The 
unnecessary  breaking  up  the  structure  into 
so  many  parts  is  a  striking  defect.  The 
architecture,  in  the  Tudor  style,  is  light  and 
florid.  A  fine  opportunity  has  been  lost 
of  building  a  bold  and  simple  church  in  a 
correct  style,  which  the  estimate  would 
have  well  afforded.  A  neat  and  uni- 
form nave  and  chancel  without  aisles, 
would  have  sufficed  for  the  church,  and 
been  in  themselves  more  pleasing  than 
a  shewy  structure  rendered  unimportant 
by  the  smallness  of  its  dimensions. 

1185.  Design  for  the  restoration  qf 
the  interior  of  the  Church  qf  the  Holy 
Trinity,  Hull.  T.Allom.  T^e  newly  in- 
troduced portions  of  the  church  furniture 
are  very  florid,  and  have  a  foreign  rather 
than  an  English  character.  The  view 
shows  the  nave  with  the  area  under  the 
central  tower.  There  is  a  stone  rood 
loft,  and  a  pulpit  of  the  same  material, 
the  stairs  to  which  are  however  too  ob- 
trusive :  such  objects  in  ancient  designs 
were  either  concealed  or  closely  attached  to 
a  pillar.  The  open  seats  instead  of  pews 
are  pleasing  features  in  a  church  restoration. 

1222.  An  Interior  view  of  Stone  Churchy 
in  the  pa  Imy  days  ofth  efourteenth  century, 
A,  Smith.  This  is  an  ideal  restoration  of 
this  very  beautiful  church  to  its  original 
character.  There  is  a  rood-screen  and  a 
lofty  arched  roof  of  timber  added ;  the  latter 
in  lieu  of  the  present  unsightly  covering, 
which  was  set  up  after  the  destruction  of 
the  old  roof  by  Are,  in  the  reign  of  Charles 
I.  The  wall  above  the  chancel  arch  and 
the  side  walls  are  enriched  with  painting  in 
the  ancient  style.  The  chancel  does  not 
appear  to  have  received  any  restorations. 
It  would  be  pleasing  to  see  this  truly  beau- 
tifid  portion  of  the  church  restored  to  its 
pristine  beauty. 

In  Domestic  Architecture  there  are  some 
specimens  worthy  of  attention.  It  would 
be  pleasing  to  see  a  more  general  revival 
of  our  ancient  styles,  which  possess  every 
capability  to  admit  of  the  engrafting  upon 
the  ancient  styles  all  the  improvements 
which  modern  taste  and  convenience  re- 
quire. We  notice  the  principal  designs 
in  this  class. 

1252.  South-east  view  of  the  Hall  and 
Library  now  being  erected  for  the  Hon* 
Society  of  Lincoln* s  Inn.  P.  Harduneke, 
R.A.  A  red  brick  building  in  the  style 
of  Hampton  Court,  the  principal  portion 
being  a  spacious  hall,  at  the  extremity 
of  which  is  the  library  ;  the  whole  forming 
a  very  pleasing  group  of  a  real  old  Eng- 
lish character.  It  is  to  be  hoped  this  is 
but  the  commencement  of  a  restoration  of 
this  ancient  inn  to  its  original  charactcfi 
and  that  one  of  its  features  will  be  the  re- 

2P 


290 


Fine  Arts. 


[Sept< 


moval  of  that  cold  and  formal  pile  called 
Stone  Buildings. 

1 262.     f^ete  qf  Chambers  now  erecting 
for  the  worthipful  Society  of  Staple's  Inn, 
Wigg  and  PotvnaU.  Designed  in  the  Eli- 
zabethan style,   but    completely  injured 
by  the  use  of  white  instead  of  red  brick. 

1167.  Howherry,  the  seat  of  W,  S. 
Blaeistonet  Esq.  M,P.  now  being  erected, 
J.  IT.  Hakewill,  A  square  house  on  a 
terrace,  in  the  Tudor  style  of  architecture, 
of  red  brick  with  stone  dressings.  A  good 
example  of  an  old  English  dwelling,  but 
the  elcTation  wants  a  centre,  at  least  in  the 
principal  front. 

1210.  Norton  Courts  Somerset,  re- 
cently erected  for  C  Noel  Welman,  Esq, 
H,  Roberts,  A  plain  stone  edifice  in  the 
Tudor  style,  with  a  terrace,  not  enriched 
so  highly  as  modem  designs  generally  are. 
The  design  is  very  respectable. 

1223.  An  Asylum  for  Aged  and  In- 
firm Journeymen  TailorSy  part  of  which 
has  been  lately  erected  at  Haversiock  Hill, 
T,  Meyer,  A  very  fair  design  for  a  set  of 
alms-houses  in  the  ancient  style ;  it  is 
built  with  red  brick  and  stone  dressings, 
and  in  the  Tudor  style  of  architecture. 

In  other  styles,  if  we  except  the  new  poor 
housSf  CarloWf  which  assumes  the  ap- 
pearance of  an  Italian  villa,  we  have  only 
to  notice, 

1233.  The  intended  new  frontage  of 
Freeman* s  Court f  City,  FAnsonfJun,  This 
will  form  one  side  of  the  street  or  avenue 
at  the  eastern  end  of  the  Royal  Ex- 
change. It  is  a  lofty  elevation  of  red 
brick,  with  stone  dressings,  in  the  taste  of 
the  old  buildings  in  the  city,  of  the  school 
of  Wren,  and  presents  an  appearance  far 
more  respectable  than  the  stuccoed 
flronts,  which  are  now  so  common.  In 
the  distance  is  seen  a  square  church 
tower  of  Italian  design,  which  we  pre- 
sume is  a  mere  idea  of  the  artist,  and  not 
R  substitute  for  the  destroyed  tower  of 
the  devoted  church  of  St.  Be'net  Fink. 

The  last  design  we  shall  notice  is  one 
which,  for  its  boldness  and  originality,  de- 
serves great  attention. - 

1238.  A  Monumental  Design  erected 
in  Cornwall.  S,  C,  Fripp.  It  represents 
a  granite  cross  of  large  dimensions,  and  of 
considerable  altitude.  The  design  is  simple 
and  very  appropriate  to  the  scenery  of  the 
country  where  it  is  placed.  The  height 
of  this  monument  must  give  to  it  an  im- 
portant appearance,  and  render  it  a  strik- 
ing object  in  the  scenery  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood. £.  I.  C. 

NEW  PICTURBS  AT  BERLIN. 

Professor  Waagen  has  made  a  stay  of 
14  months  in  Italy  to  collect  some  pic- 
tures ?^ich  have  recently  arrived  at  Ber- 


lin.   Among  hem  are,  a  portrait  of  the 
Admiral  Maura,  bearing  date  1557,  and 
two  other  little  subjects  by  Titian  ;    an 
allegorical  picture   by  Giorgione,   repre- 
senting War  and  Peace ;  and  a  complete 
series  of  large  subjects  by  Paul  Veronese. 
These  last  decorated  the  banqueting- hall 
of  the  Exchange  which  the  Germans  for- 
merly possessed  at  Venice.      The  four 
principal  are  Jupiter  giving  to  Germany  the 
Empre  of  the  World ;  Time  the  Conqueror 
of  Idolatry  comfirming  the  Triumph  of  Re- 
ligion ;  Mars  and  Minerva  considered  as 
symbolical  of  the  Bravery  and  Warlike 
Spirit  of  the  Grermans  ;  Apollo  and  Juno 
honouring  the  Fine  Arts  of  Germany. 
These  pictures  possess  an  importance  and 
value  peculiar  to  Germany.    By  Tinto- 
retto  there  are  two  religious  subjects,  and 
a  picture  which  rivalled  those  of  Veronese 
in  the  banqueting-hall — Diana  surrounded 
by  the  Hours  commencing  her  course  in 
the  Heavens.     M.  Waagen  has  succeeded 
in  accomplishing  the  safe  removal,  on  new 
canvasses,   of  six  frescoes,    painted    by 
Bernardino  Luini  in  the  years  1521  and 
1522,  in  the  convent  of  Santa  Corona,  at 
Milan.   A  picture  by  Sebastian  del  Piombo 
also  merits  particular  notice.     It  had  been 
ordered  by  a  cardinal  of  the  Neapolitan 
family  of  the  Princes  of  Gresso,  Dukes  of 
Cellimare.     It  represents  the  dead  Christ, 
Joseph  of  Arimathea,  and  the  Magdalen  ; 
the  figures  are  half-length,  of  colossal 
size,  and  appear  to  have  been  executed 
from  a  design  of  Michael  Angelo. 

M.  Waagen  has  also  brought  over  several 
Spanish  pictures,  a  portrait  of  the  Cardinal 
Prince  Ferdinand,  brother  of  Philip  IV. 
by  Velasquez,  a  portrait  of  a  female,  and 
a  Magdalen,  by  Murillo.  This  work  is  in 
the  last  manner  of  the  master,  when  he 
was  inspired  by  the  works  of  Guido  Reni. 
The  collection  of  M.  Waagen  is  also 
rich  in  sculpture.  Venice,  which  for  so 
long  a  time  kept  up  a  close  and  frequent 
intercourse  with  the  east,  has  furnished 
some  remarkable  specimens  belonging  to 
the  Greek  school ;  among  others  a  Scene 
of  Bacchanalian  Inspiration,  a  bas-relief 
serving  as  a  supporter  to  a  tripod.  Also 
the  Victory,  a  celebrated  statue  in  bronze 
gilded,  four  feet  high,  and,  as  the  inscrip- 
tion indicates,  of  about  the  time  of  Mar- 
cus Aurelius.  These  antiquies,  notwith- 
standing their  merits,  are  inferior  to  a 
group  by  Antonio  Begarrelli,  of  Modena, 
Christ  on  the  Cross  surrounded  by  Angels. 
It  is  well  known  that  this  sculptor  had  a 
great  ascendancy  over  the  mind  of  Cor- 
reggio  ;  and  indeed  the  statues  now  under 
notice  possess  that  delicacy  of  form,  that 
gracefcd  suavity,  which  distinguish  the 
works  of  the  Modenese  painter. 


291 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC   INTELLIGENCE. 


NEW    PUBLICATIONS. 

History  and  Biography, 

History  of  the  War  in  Affghanistan, 
including  a  General  Sketch  of  the  Policy 
and  the  various  Circumstances  which  in- 
duced the  British  Government  to  interfere 
in  the  Affairs  of  Affghanistan.  From  the 
Journal  and  Letters  of  an  Officer  high  in 
Rank,  many  years  in  the  Indian  Army. 
Edited  by  C.  Nash,  Esq.  Crown  8vo. 
12*. 

Personal  Observations  on  Sindh,  the 
Manners  and  Customs  of  its  Inhabitants, 
and  its  Productive  Capabilities :  with  a 
Sketch  of  its  History,  a  Narrative  of 
Recent  Events,  and  an  Account  of  the 
Connection  of  the  British  Government 
with  that  Country  to  the  present  Period. 
By  T.  PosTANS,  M.R.A.S.  Bt.  Captain 
Bombay  Army.     8vo.  18«. 

Empire  of  the  Czar ;  or.  Observations 
on  the  Social,  Political,  and  Religious 
State  and  Prospects  of  Russia,  made 
during  a  Journey  through  that  Empire. 
By  the  Marquis  de  Custine.  Trans- 
lated from  the  French.  3  vols,  crown 
8vo.  31».  6rf. 

The  Bible  in  Spain  ;  or,  the  Journeys, 
Adventures,  and  Imprisonments  of  an 
Englishman,  in  an  Attempt  to  circulate 
the  Scriptures  in  the  Peninsula.  By 
George  Borrow,  Author  of  "  The 
Gypsies  of  Spain.**  4th  edition.  3  vols, 
crown  8vo.  27*. 

Geographical  Questions  and  Exercises 
blended  with  Historical  and  Biographical 
Information ;  and  an  Appendix  contain- 
ing Questions  on  Astronomy.  By 
Richard  Chambers,  F.L.S.    18mo.  2«. 

The  Life  of  Edward  the  Sixth ;  com- 
piled chiefly  from  his  own  Manuscripts, 
and  from  other  Authentic  Sources.  By 
the  Rev.  R.  W.  Dibdin,  M.A.  Minister 
of  West  Street  Episcopal  Chapel.  1 8mo. 
\8.  6d. 

Memoir  of  Hilmar  Ernest  Rauschen- 
busch,  late  Pastor  of  the  Evangelical  Lu- 
theran Church  at  Elberfield,  Prussia.  By 
the  late  Wilhelm  Leipoldt,  M.A.  Pastor  of 
the  Evangelical  Church  at  Unterbarmen, 
Prussia.  Translated  from  the  German 
by  Robert  Francis  Walker,  M.A. 
Curate  of  Purleigh.   5*. 

Memoir  of  the  Life  of  the  Right  Hon. 
Charles  Lord  Sydenham,  G.C.B.  with  a 
Narrative  of  his  Administration  in  Canada. 
Edited  by  his  Brother,  G.  Poulbtt 
ScROFE,  Esq.  M.P.     8to.  18«. 

Dictionary  of  Greek  and  Roman  Bio- 
graphy and  Mythology.    Edited  by  W* 


W.  Smith,  LL.D.  Editor  of  the  Die- 
tionary  of  Greek  and  Roman  Antiquities. 
8vo.  12». 

Life  in  the  Ranks.  By  Serjeant-M^or 
Tatlor,  Author  of  **  Scenes  and  Ad- 
ventures in  Affghanistan.**  Crown  8vo. 
10*.  6d, 

PoUtict  and  StatiiUa. 

The  Packet  Examined ;  being  a  Reply 
to  the  Publications  of  the  Anti- Corn-Law 
League.  By  Rurigina.  Dedicated  to 
the  Productive  Classes  of  the  British 
Empire.     12mo.  6d, 

Agricultural,  Geological,  and  Anti- 
quarian Journey  ;  describing  the  Royal 
English  Agricultural  Show  at  Bristol; 
from  thence  through  South  Wales  and 
South  Ireland  to  the  Show  of  the  Royal 
Agricultural  Improvement  Society  at  Cork, 
July  1842 ;  detailing  Experiments  with 
various  Manures  in  South  Wales.  By 
an  Amateur  Farmer.     12mo.  Is,  6d. 

The  Social,  Educational,  and  Religious 
State  of  the  Manufacturing  Districts ; 
with  Statistical  Returns  of  the  means  of 
Education  and  Religious  Instruction  in 
the  Manufacturing  Districts  of  York- 
shire, Lancashire,  and  Cheshire ;  in  Two 
Letters  to  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Robert 
Peel,  Bt. 

Treatise  on  Crimes  and  Misdemeanors. 
By  Sir  WiUiam  Oldnall  Russell,  Knt, 
late  Chief  Justice  of  Bengal.  Third  Edi- 
tion, by  Charles  Sprengel  Greaves, 
Esq.  of  Lincoln's  Inn.  2  vols.  roy.  6vo. 
41, 

The  Crisis  Unmasked,  respectfully  in- 
scribed to  the  British  People.  By  Eneas 
M'Donnell,  Esq.    8vo.  1*. 

The  Real  Monster  Evil  of  Ireland.  By 
Augustus  G.  Stapleton,  formerly  Pri- 
vate Secretary  to  the  Right  Hon.  George 
Canning.     8vo.  Is, 

Suggestions  for  checking  the  Repeal 
Agitation.  Addressed  to  the  Landlords 
of  Ireland  by  one  of  themselves.   8vo.  Is, 

The  Social,  Educational,  and  Religious 
State  of  the  Manufacturing  Districts ; 
with  Statistical  Returns  of  the  Means  of 
Education  and  Religious  Instruction  in 
the  Manufacturing  Districts  of  Yorkshire, 
Lancashire,  and  Cheshire.  By  Edward 
Baines,  Jun.     8vo.    Ss,  6d, 

Remarks  on  the  Importance  of  our 
Coast  Fisheries,  as  the  Means  of  In- 
creasing the  amount  of  Food  and  Employ- 
ment for  the  Labouring  Classes,  and  of 
Maintaining  a  Nursery  for  Seamen.  By 
Yice-Admiral  Sir   J.    Bbinton,    Bart. 

K,C.B»    ero.    U. 


292 


New  Publicaiion>\ 


[Sept. 


Travels  and  Topography, 


The  History  of  Old  and  New  Sarum, 
or  Salisbury.  By  R.  Benson,  Esq.  M.A. 
and  Henry  Hatcher,  Esq.  being  a 
continuation  of  the  History  of  Modem 
Wilts,  by  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare,  Bart. 

A  Campaign  with  the  Christinos  in 
1838  and  1839.  By  Charles  F.  Fynes 
Clinton.     12mo.     2*.  Gd, 

Travels  through  the  Alps  of  Savoy  and 
other  Parts  of  the  Pennine  Chain :  with 
Observations  on  the  Phenomena  of 
Glaciers.  By  J.  D.  Forbes,  F.R.S.  &c. 
Royal  8vo.  28». 

View  of  Cheltenham  in  its  Past  and 
Present  State ;  being  the  4th  edition  of 
the  Stranger's  Guide,  enlarged  by  the  in- 
troduction of  much  additional  informa- 
tion, and  illustrated  with  numerous  litho- 
graphs, maps,  and  wood  engravings.  By 
Henry  Davies.     8vo.     10^.  Gd, 

The  Cambrian  Mirror,  or  North  Wales 
Tourist,  comprehending  the  History  and 
Description  of  the  Towns,  Villages,  &c. : 
with  various  Routes.  By  Edward 
Parry.  Also  a  Steam  Packet  Com- 
panion from  Liverpool  to  the  Menai 
Bridge.     18mo.    3«. 

Hand-book  for  Visitors  to  the  Kensal 
Green  Cemetery.  By  Ben  J.  Clark. 
18mo.     \s. 

The  Yarmouth  Hand-book  ;  or,  Vi- 
sitor's Guide  through  the  To?m.  Sq. 
32mo.     \8, 

Eighteen  Views  of  the  Giant's  Cause- 
way.    \8, 

Felix  Summerly*  s  Day's  Excursion 
out  of  London,  to  Erith,  Rochester,  and 
Cobham,  in  Kent.     2«.  6<2. 

Tales  and  Legends  of  the  Isle  of  Wight ; 
with  the  Adventures  of  the  Author  in 
search  of  them.  By  Abraham  Elder, 
Esq. 

NovelSf  TakSf  Poetry ^  8fc, 

The  Pageant ;  or.  Pleasure  audits  Price : 
a  Tale  for  the  Upper  Ranks  of  Society. 
By  Francis  E.  Paget,  M.A.  Rector 
of  Elford.     4s.  6d. 

The  Simple  Cobbler  of  Aggawam,  in 
America.  By  the  Rev.  Nathaniel 
Ward.  Edited  by  David  Pulsifer.  12mo. 

48. 

The  Smugglers:  a  Chronicle  of  the 
Coast  Guard.  By  Francis  Higoinson, 
Esq.  Lieut.  Royal  Navy,  &c.  Vol.  I. 
8vo.     78, 

The  Guardian :  a  Dramatic  Poem.  By 
Mrs.  Leckib,  Authoress  of  **  The  Village 
School,"  &c.     12mo.     1*.  6d, 

The  Farmer's  Daughter ;  a  Tale.  By 
Mrs.  Cameron.    3«.  6d, 

The  Patriarch :  or,  Oral  Tradition.  In 
Two  Books,  and  other  Poems,    By  the 


Rev.  Richard  Gascoyne,  M.A.  Mick- 
leton,  Gloucestershire.  Crown  8vo.  3*.  6d, 
The  Barnabys  in  America ;  or,  Ad- 
ventures of  the  Widdow  Wedded.  By 
Mrs.  Trollope,  Author  of  "  The  Widow 
Barnaby,"  &c.     3  Vols.      8vo.     31«.  6d, 

Divinity, 

Christian  Retirement;  or,  Spiritual 
Exercises  of  the  Heart.  By  the  Author 
of  ''  Christian  Experience  as  displayed  in 
the  Life  and  Writings  of  St.  Paul."  12mo. 
Gs,  6d. 

Cottager's  Guide  to  the  New  Testa- 
ment ;  that  is,  the  Life  and  Doctrine  of 
our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  plainly  set  forth. 
By  the  Rev.  Alex.  Dallas,  A.M. 
RectorofWonston,  Hants.  Vol.  5. 12mo. 
38.  6d. 

The  Book  of  the  Church.  By  Rich. 
Field,  D.D.  Dean  of  Gloucester.  New 
edition,  with  Notes  and  References.  By 
Rev.  J.  S.  Brewer,  M.A.  of  Queen's 
Coll.  Oxf.  Vol.  1.  8vo.  15*. 

Enquiry  into  the  Constitution,  Disci- 
pline, Unity,  and  Worship,  of  the  Primi- 
tive Church  that  flourished  within  the 
first  300  years  after  Christ.  By  Lord 
Peter  King.  In  two  parts.  Part  1, 
with  Remarks,  and  an  Appendix,  the 
whole  comprising  an  abridgment  of  an 
original  draught  of  the  Primitive  Church, 
in  answer  to  the  above-mentioned  dis- 
course. By  a  Clergyman  of  the  Church 
of  England.  Bvo.  10«.  6d, 

Treatise  on  Hades,  or  the  Place  of 
Departed  Spirits.  By  Rev.  R.  Govett, 
jun.  M.A.  Fellow  of  Worcester  College, 
Oxf.  and  Curate  of  St.  Stephen's,  Nor- 
wich.  Is,  6d. 

The  Cloud  of  Witnesses ;  a  Series  of 
Discourses  on  Hebrews,  chaps,  xi.  andxii. 
By  the  Rev.  James  S.  M.  Anderson, 
M.A.  Chaplain  to  the  Queen.  Vol.  2, 
Bvo.  10*.  6d, 

Real  Union  of  all  the  People  of  Christ ; 
a  Sermon  preached  at  Gray's-Inn-Lane 
Chapel,  on  May  11,  1843,  in  behalf  of 
the  Foreign  Aid  Society.  By  the  Rev. 
E.  Bickersteth.  Bvo.  6d, 

The  Remembrance  of  the  Righteous ; 
a  Sermon  preached  at  Trinity  Church, 
Sloane  Street,  July  23rd,  1843  :  a  funeral 
sermon  on  Rev.  Henry  Blunt,  formerly 
Rector  of  Upper  Chelsea.  By  his  suc- 
cessor the  Rev.  Richard  Burgess, 
B.D.  8vo.  Is. 

Christian  Life ;  its  Hopes,  its  Fears, 
and  its  Close.  Sermons  preached  mostly 
in  the  Chapel  of  Rugby  School.  By  the 
late  T.  Arnold,  D.D.  Head  Master  of 
Rugby.  Bvo.  12*. 

Conciones  Academics.  Ten  Sermons 
preached  before  the  University  of  Cam- 
ridge  by  Jos,  W,  Bla&£sleT|  M.A, 


1843.] 


New  Publications, 


293 


Fellow  and  Tutor  of  Trinity  College.  8  vo. 
68.  6d. 

Israel  delivered  out  of  Egypt ;  being 
Plain  Remarks  on  the  First  Fifteen  Chap- 
ters of  the  Book  of  Exodus,  in  a  Series  of 
Sermons.  By  Rev.  W.  J.  Trower, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Whiston.  8vo.  9s.  6d. 

Mutual  Forbearance  recommended  in 
things  indifferent :  a  Sermon  preached  at 
the  Consecration  of  the  Church  of  St. 
John  Baptist,  at  Hawarden,  on  July  22, 
1843.  By  W.  F.  Hook,  D.D.  Vicar  of 
Leeds.  12mo.  6d, 

Parochial  Sermons.  By  Rev.  F.  E. 
Gretton,  Curate  of  Tickencote,  and 
Head  Master  of  Stamford  Grammar 
School.  8vo.  6s. 

The  Book  of  Bible  Geography.  By 
C.  Baker,  Author  of  "The  Book  of 
Bible  Characters.*'  1*.  6d. 

Pastoral  Recollections  addressed  to  his 
Parishioners  at  the  Close  of  his  Ministra- 
tions in  the  Establishment.  To  which  is 
added,  a  Discourse  preached  before  the 
first  General  Assembly  of  the  Protesting 
Church  of  Scotland.  By  the  Rev.  John 
A.  Wallace.  3s* 

A  Charge  to  the  Clergy  of  Dublin  and 
Glandelagh,  delivered  in  St.  Patrick's 
Cathedral,  June  1843.  By  Richard 
Whately,  D.D.  Archbishop  of  Dublin. 
Is. 

Popular  Companion  to  the  Study  of 
the  Holy  Scriptures.  By  the  Rev.  James 
Co6HLAn,M.A.  Incumbent  of  the  Church 
of  St.  James  the  Less,  Bethnal  Green. 
8vo.    lis. 

Heironymian  Hebrew ;  or  a  Grammar 
of  the  Sacred  Language,  on  the  System 
disclosed  by  the  Writings  of  Saint  Je- 
rome.  By  William  Beeston.    Svo.  5*. 

Uniformity  in  Teaching ;  a  Charge  de- 
livered at  the  Ordinary  Visitation  of  the 
Archdeaconry  of  Oxford.  By  the  Vene- 
rable Charles  Carr  Clerkb,  B.D. 
Archdeacon  of  Oxford,  in  July  1843. 
8vo.     Is. 

Laudes  Diurnse  :  the  Psalter  and  Can- 
ticles in  the  Morning  and  Evening  Ser- 
vices of  the  Church  of  England,  set  and 
pointed  to  the  Gregorian  Tones,  accord- 
ing to  Novello's  Arrangement.  By 
Richard  Redhead,  Organist  of  Mar- 
garet Chapel,  St.  Marylebone.  With  a 
Preface  on  Antiphonal  Chanting,  by  the 
Rev.  Frederick  Oakeley,  M.A.  Minister 
of  Margaret  Chapel.     ISmo.     4s. 

The  Canticles  in  the  Morning  and 
Evening  Service  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land, set  and  pointed  to  the  Gregorian 
Tones,  according  to  Novello's  Arrange- 
ment. By  Richard  Redhead,  Organ- 
ist of  Margaret  Chapel,  St.  Marylebone. 
;24mo.    6d. 

The  Etymplogy  and  Fropbetic  ClianiG* 


ter  of  the  Proper  Names  found  in  the  Old 
Testament,  being  a  key  to  the  Masoretic 
Punctuation  of  the  Hebrew  Scriptures. 
By  William  Beeston.     Svo.     5*. 

Speculum  Ecclesise  Anglicanae ;  or, 
some  Account  of  the  Principles  and  Re- 
sults of  the  Reformation  of  the  Church  of 
England.  By  John  Hartland  Wor- 
GAN,  M.A.  Curate  of  Cathorpe,  Leices- 
tershire.    8vo.     10*.  6d, 

Medicine, 

Scarlatina,  and  its  Treatment  on  Ho- 
moeopathic Principles.  By  J.  Belluo- 
mini,  M.D.     8vo.     1*. 

Observations  on  Idiopathic  Dysentery 
as  it  occurs  in  Europeans,  in  Bengal  par- 
ticularly, in  reference  to  the  Anatomy  of 
that  Disease.  By  Walter  Raleigh, 
Surgeon  of  the  Native  Hospital.  8vo.  5s, 

Pulmonary  Consumption  successfully 
treated  with  Naphtha.  By  John  Hast- 
ings, M.D.  Senior  Physician  to  the  Blen- 
heim Street  Free  Dispensary.     8vo.     Bs. 

Advice  to  Wives  on  the  Management 
of  themselves  during  the  periods  of  Preg- 
nancy, Labour,  and  Suckling.  By  Pye 
H.  Chavasse.M.R.C.S.     Svo.     ^s,6d. 

Advice  to  Mothers  on  the  Management 
of  their  Offspring  during  the  periods  of 
Infancy,  Childhood,  and  Youth.  By  Pye 
H.  Chavasse,  M.R.C.S.     8vo.    3s.  6d, 

Lectures  on  the  Comparative  Anatomy 
and  Physiology  of  the  Invertebrate  Ani- 
mals, delivered  at  the  Royal  College  of 
Physicians  in  1843.  By  R.  Owen, 
F.R.S.  From  Notes  taken  by  W.  W. 
Cooper,  and  revised  by  Professor  Owen, 
Svo.  14*. 

Quarterly  Journal  of  Cerebral  Physio- 
logy and  Mesmerism,  and  their  Applica- 
tion to  Human  Welfare  in  Health  and 
Disease.     No.  2.    Svo.     2*.  6d. 

Practical  Manual  of  Animal  Magnet- 
ism ;  containing  an  Exposition  of  the 
Methods  employed  in  producing  Magnetic 
Phenomena ;  with  its  Application  to  the 
Treatment  and  Cure  of  Diseases.  By 
Alfhonse  Teste,  M.D.  Translated 
from  the  Second  Edition,  by  D.  Spillan, 
M.D.  A.M.     68. 

Cataract,  and  its  Treatment ;  compris- 
ing an  Easy  Mode  of  dividing  the  Cornea 
for  its  Extraction.  By  John  Scott,  Se- 
nior Surgeon  to  the  Royal  London  Oph  • 
thalmic  Hospital.     Svo.     2*.  6d, 

Science  and  Arts, 

The  Inventor's  Manual :  a  Familiar  and 
Practical  Treatise  of  the  Law  of  Patents 
for  Inventions.  By  J.  Townb  Danson 
and  G.  Drysdalb  Dbmpset.     Svo.    5«. 

Popular  Cyclopaedia  of  Natural  Science, 
Part  v.— Animal  Physiology,  Part  I.  By 
W.  Q.  Carpentbr,  M,D,  Crown  8?o.  5^, 


294 


New  Publications, 


Textrinum  Antiquarum :  an  Account 
of  the  Art  of  Weaving  among  the  An- 
cients. Part  I.  On  the  Raw  Materials 
used  for  Weaving  :  with  an  Appendix  on 
the  Period  of  Invention  of  Linen  Paper  ; 
on  Felting  ;  on  Netting ;  on  Pliny* s  Na- 
tural History ;  on  the  Onamasticon  of 
Julius  Pollux.  By  James  Yates,  Fel- 
low of  the  Royal  lAnnaean  and  Geological 
Societies.     8vo.     24*. 

Alphabets,  Numerals,  and  Devices  of 
the  Middle  Ages.  By  Henry  Shaw, 
F.S.A.  No.  1,  royal  8vo.  3  plates.  2«.  6d, 

On  Whirlwind  Storms :  with  Replies  to 
the  Objections  and  Strictures  of  Dr. 
Hare.    By  W.  C.  Rbdfield.     dvo.    6s. 

Report  upon  the  Phenomena  of  Clair- 
voyance, or  Lucid  Somnambulism  (from 
Personal  Observation) :  with  Additional 
Remarks.  By  Edwin  Lee,  Elsq.  An 
Appendix  to  the  Third  Edition  of  Animal 
Magnetism.     12mo.     Is, 

The  Art  of  Land  Surveying,  explained 
by  Short  and  Easy  Rules :  particularly 
adapted  for  the  use  of  Schools,  and  so 
arranged  as  to  be  also  useful  to  Farmers, 
Stewards,  and  others.  By  John  Quested, 
Surveyor,  Maidstone.     12mo.     Ss, 

The  Implements  of  Agriculture.  By  J. 
Allen  Ransome.     Royal  8vo.    98, 

Natural  History, 

The  Animal  Kingdom,  considered  Ana- 
tomically, Physically,  and  Philosophically. 
By  Emanuel  Swedenborg.  Translated  from 
the  Latin,  by  J.  I.  G.  Wilkinson. 
Part  I. — ^The  "Viscera  of  the  Abdomen,  or 
the  Organs  of  the  Inferior  Regions.  8vo. 
16«.  6d. 

History  of  the  Fishes  of  Madeira.  By 
Richard  Thomas  Lowe,  British  Chap- 
lain. With  original  Figures  from  Nature 
of  all  the  Species,  by  the  Hon.  C.  E.  C. 
Norton  and  M.  Young.  No.  I.  royal 
8vo.    28.  6d, 

The  Insect  World ;  or,  a  brief  Outline 
of  the  Classification,  Structure,  and  Eco- 
nomy of  Insects.     58, 

Geology  and  Geologists ;  or,  Visions  of 
Philosophers  of  the  Nineteenth  Century. 
By  the  Author  of  **  The  Goodness  of  Di- 
vine Providence."     8vo.     2«.  6d. 

Sketches  of  Nature ;  comprising  Views 
of  Zoology,  Botany,  and  Geology,  illus- 
trated by  Original  Poetry.  By  Jane  Lu- 
CRETiA  Guinness,  Author  of  **  Sacred 
Portraiture'' and  other  poems.  Cloth.  6s, 

Account  of  the  Museum  of  Economical 
Geology  and  Mining  Records  Office  es- 
tablished by  Government  in  the  depart- 
ment of  Her  Majesty's  Commissioners  of 
Woods  and  Forests,  under  the  direction 
of  Sir  Henry  De  La  Beche,  F.R.S.,  &c. 
By  T.  SopwiTH,  F.G.S.  &c.     12mo.  li. 

Catalogue  gf  Britii^  FQ0sil0 ;  comprin* 


[Sept. 

ing  all  the  Genera  and  Species  hitherto 
Described,  with  References  to  their  Geo- 
logical Distribution,  and  to  the  Localities 
in  which  they  have  been  found.  By  John 
Morris.    8vo.  10». 

Botany. 

The  Botany  of  the  Malvern  Hills,  in 
the  Counties  of  Worcester,  Hereford,  and 
Gloucester,  with  the  precise  Stations  of 
the  rarer  Plants,  and  Introductory  Ob- 
servations on  the  general  Features,  Geo- 
logy, and  Natural  History  of  the  District. 
By  Edwin  Lees,  F.L.S.    2*.  6d, 

Icones  Plantarum;  or.  Figures,  with 
brief  Descriptive  Characters,  and  Remarks 
of  new  or  rare  Plants  selected  from  the 
Author's  Herbarium.  By  Sir  W.  J. 
Hooker,  Vice-President  of  the  Linneean 
Society,  and  Director  of  the  Royal  Bo- 
tanical Gardens,  Kew.  Vol.  II.  New 
Series— Vol.  VI.  of  the  entire  work.  100 
plates  and  100  sheets  of  letterpress.    38y. 

Literature  and  Language, 

Todtenkranze  of  J.  Ch.  F.  Von  Zedlit* ; 
and  other  Poems.  By  Lavinia  Dick. 
8vo.     58, 

Correspondence  of  John,  Fourth  Duke 
of  Bedford ;  selected  from  the  Originals 
at  Woburn  Abbey.  With  an  Introduction 
by  Lord  John  Russell.  Vol.  II.  8vo.  15«. 

Selections  from  the  Writings  of  the  late 
J.  Sidney  Taylor,  A.M.  Barrister-at-Law ; 
with  a  brief  Sketch  of  his  Life.  8vo.  128. 

Early  Years  and  Late  Reflections.  By 
Clement  Carlyon,  M.D.  late  Fellow 
of  Pembroke  College,  Cambridge.  2  vols. 
8vo.    Ss, 

The  Philosophy  of  Training ;  with  Sug- 
gestions on  the  Necessity  of  Normal 
Schools  for  Teaehers  of  the  Wealthier 
Classes,  and  Strictures  on  the  prevailing 
Mode  of  Teaching  Languages.  By  A.  R. 
Craio.    28. 6d, 

Genealogy, 

Genealogy  simplified,  and  applied  to 
the  Illustrations  of  British  History  :  with 
a  Description  of  the  Changes  which  have 
tak^ti  place  in  the  Armorial  Bearings  of 
the  Sovereigns  of  England.  By  Archi- 
bald Barrinoton,  M.D.     \2mQ,    Zs, 

Law. 

Treatise  on  Proceedings  in  Equity,  by 
way  of  Supplement  and  Revivor ;  with  an 
Appendix  of  Precedents.  By  George 
To  WRY  White,  Esq.  of  Lincoln!s  Inn, 
Barrister-at-Law.     8vo.     12«. 

Collection  of  Statutes  of  General  Use 
relating  to  the  Poor  Law:  with  Notes, 
Abstracts,  and  a  General  Index.  By 
William  Golden  Lumlky,  Esq.  of  th» 

Aliddle  Temple.    ISmo,  7#« 


1843.J 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


295 


In  the  Press. 


Monasticon  Dioecesis  Exoniensis.    By 
the  Rev.  Geokge  Oliver. 


UNIVERSITY   OF   LONDON. 

Her  Majesty's  Government  have  just 
fanctioned  some  important  changes  in  the 
regulations  for  matriculation  and  the  B.A. 
degree  in  the  University  of  London,  of- 
ficial notice  of  which  has  been  given  to 
colleges  in  connection  with  the  Univer- 
sity. Consequently,  at  future  matricula* 
tion  examinations,  candidates  will  be  ap- 
proved if  they  show  a  competent  know- 
ledge in  classicsi  mathematics,  and  natu- 
ral philosophy  or  chemistry.  And,  at 
future  B.A.  examinations,  candidates  will 
be  approved  if  they  show  a  comp^ent 
knowledge  in  mathematics  and  natural 
philosophy,  animal  physiology,  classics, 
and  logic,  and  morsd  philosophy.  It  is 
further  stated  that  several  of  the  English 
bishops  have  expressed  their  willingness 
to  ordain  candidates  for  holy  orders  who 
are  graduates  of  the  University  of  London. 
It  is  not  perhaps  generally  known  that  by 
an  express  Act  of  Parliament  (I  Vic.  cap. 
56)  two  years  in  his  clerkship  to  a  soli- 
citor are  saved  by  the  B.A.  or  B.L.  of 
this  University.  And  it  may  now  be 
added  that  the  benchers  of  Lincoln's-inn 
have  appointed  a  committee  to  consider 
the  subject  of  placing  the  degrees  of  the 
University  of  London  on  the  same  foot- 
ing as  relates  to  admission  to  the  bar  as 
those  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge. 


DINNER  AND  PRESENTATION  OF  A  MEDAL 
TO  SIR  BENJAMIN  BRODIE. 

This  dinner,  given  to  Sir  B.  Brodie  by 
the  subscribers  to  a  medal  struck  in  his 
honour,  on  the  occasion  of  resigning  the 
office  of  surgeon  to  St.  George's  Hospital, 
took  place  Aug.  4,  at  Willis's  Rooms, 
King  Street,  St.  James's,  and  was  at- 
tended by  a  very  numerous  assemblage 
of  the  medical  and  surgical  profession, 
among  whom  were  Drs.  Chambers,  Hol- 
land, Seymour,  Sutherland,  Hawkins, 
Locock,  Roots,  Bcc.  &c.  and  Messrs. 
Keate,  Stanley,  Green,  Bransby  Cooper, 
Travers,  Babington,  Blagden,  Stone, 
Liston,  Mr.  Charles  Hawkins,  &c.  &c. 
Sir  Charles  Clarke  presided,  and  delivered 
a  highly  eulogistic  address  to  Sir  B. 
Brodie,  which  must  have  been  the  more 
flattering  to  that  gentleman,  coming  from 
so  high  a  quarter.  The  health  of  Sir  B. 
Brodie,  Sir  Chas.  Clarke,  Mr. Travers,  Mr. 
Fuller,  and  Mr.  Chas.  Hawkins  (the  two 
latter  gentlemen  being  the  chairman  and 
the  honorary  secretary  to  the  committee) 
were  then  drank,  and  the  company  sepa- 
rated. 
The  medal;  which  is  a  most  wxpesb 


specimen  of  the  art  of  die-sinking,  is 
by  Mr.  Wyon,  of  the  Royal  Mint, 
and  was  handed  round  the  tables  for 
inspection.  On  the  obverse  it  bears 
the  bust  of  Sir  Benjamin  Brodie,  and 
on  the  reverse  a  female  figure  emble- 
matical of  the  genius  of  medical  science, 
who  appears  kneeling  to  trim  the  Hygeian 
lamp.  Over  the  design  is  the  following 
motto  from  Lucretius  : — 

**  E  tenebris  tantis  tarn  clarum  extollere 
lumen  qui  potuisti," 

and  in  the  exergue  is  expressed  the  gratu- 
lations  of  the  donors  : — 

**  Consocii  et  discipuli  gratulantes.'' 

MARLBOROUGH    CORRESPONDENCE. 

In  a  house  in  the  town  of  Woodstock 
there  had  been  lying  for  many  years  18 
boxes,  supposed  to  contain  deeds  and 
papers  appertaining  to  the  Marlborough 
estates,  whose  dust  nobody  had  ever 
thought  of  disturbing.  These  boxes  have 
been  lately  opened  and  examined,  and  they 
have  been  found  to  contain  the  whole  of 
the  correspondence  and  despatehes  of  the 
great  Duke  of  Marlborough  during  the 
eventful  period  of  the  war  of  succession. 
A  large  portion  of  them,  the  letters  to 
Prince  Eugene  and  all  the  foreign  sove- 
reigns, princes,  and  generals,  are  in  the 
French  language.  They  form  a  collection 
very  much  resembling  the  compilation  of 
Colonel  Gurwood,  and  the  partial  ex- 
amination which  there  has  been  time  to 
bestow,  has  been  just  enough  to  prove 
the  very  great  interest  of  the  matter  they 
contain.  __ 

PARTS    ACADEMY  OF   SCIENCES. 

July  10.  On  the  extent  of  insanity  in 
France,  by  M.  Moreau  de  Jonnes.  The 
author  states  the  number  of  insane  per- 
sons in  France  to  be  18,350.  In  every 
1,000  there  are  on  an  average  221  idiots 
and  112  epileptic  persons.  The  annual 
mortality  is  great,  being  from  9  to  10  per 
cent.  M.  Moreau  de  Jonnes  states,  that 
instead  of  its  being  found  that  moral 
causes  have  a  great  preponderance  in 
cases  of  insanity,  it  appears  that  of  every 
ten  cases,  on  an  average,  the  loss  of  rea- 
son in  seven  proceeds  from  physical 
causes,  and  moral  causes  only  operate  on 
three.  Taking  the  returns  of  M.  Moreau 
de  Jonnes  as  correct,  they  show  that  the 
number  of  insane  persons  in  France  is 
considerably  less  than  has  hitherto  been 
supposed. — A  letter  was  received  from 
Mr.  Bowring,  written  at  Guadalupe  y 
Calvo,  in  Mexico,  and  dated  Feb.  28.  It 
gives  an  account  of  his  observations  of 
the  comet.  Mr.  Bowring  mentions  that 
whilst  in  many  parts  of  the  world  the  ap- 
pearance of  a  comet  spreads  constema- 
tioD,  imder  tbe  belief  th»t  it  is  the  pre- 


296 


Architecture, 


cursor  of  calamity,  in  Mexico  it  is  Bailed 
as  the  harbinger  of  good  fortune,  and  an- 
nouncing the  approaching  discovery  of  a 
new  and  very  productive  mine  of  gold  or 
sUver.  It  is  said  in  Mexico,  of  the  comet 
of  1811,  that  it  came  expressly  for  the 
discovery  of  the  mine  of  Refugio  ;  that 
the  comet  of  1818  brought  about  the  dis- 
covery of  the  bed  of  native  silver  of  Mo- 
relas  ;  and  that  of  1835  the  discovery  of 
the  mines  of  Guadalupe  y  Calvo,  situated 
in  the  midst  of  a  desert,  which  has  now  a 
town  of  five  or  six  thousand  inhabitants. 


{Sept. 


THE    ISTHMUS    OF   PANAMA. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Academy  of  Sci- 
ences at  Paris,  on  Wednesday,  M,  Arago 
maule  a  communication  of  the  steps  that 
have  been  taken  towards  the  great  work 


of  the  cutting  through   the  Isthmus  of 
Panama,  which  has  been  so  long  talked 
of,  but  which  many  persons  have  regarded 
as  chimerical.    According  to  this  commu- 
nication,  a    contract    has  been   entered 
into  by  Messrs.  Baring  and  Co.  of  Lon- 
don with  the  Republic  of  New  Granada, 
in  virtue  of  which  the  Republic  is  to  cede 
to  them   the  line  required  for  the  pro- 
jected canal,  with  80,000  acres  of  land 
on  the  two  banks,  and  400,000  acres  in 
the    interior  of    the    country.     Messrs. 
Baring  and  Co.  had,  it  is  said,  in  the  first 
instance,  fixed  the  amount  of  toll  for  the 
navigation  of  the  canal  at  the  exorbitant 
price  of  18f.  per  ton,  but  they  have  re- 
duced it  to  8f.     The  work,  upon  which 
from  4,000   to  5,000  men  are  to  be  en- 
gag^,  is  to  be  completed  in  5  years. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


ROYAL   INSTITUTE     OF   BRITISH    ARCHI- 
TECTS. 

/d'pril  24.  The  ordinary  meeting  of  the 
Institute  was  held,  Mr.  H.  Kendall  in  the 
chair. 

A  paper  was  read  by  Mr.  James 
Thompson  on  the  national  advantages  to 
be  derived  by  giving  encouragement  to 
fresco  painting :  the  chief  amongst  which, 
according  to  the  writer,  was,  that  insomuch 
as  gilded  framework  was  unnecessary  for 
fresco  paintings  by  reason  of  their  power 
of  reflecting  light,  all  the  gold  and  silver 
at  present  wasted  in  gilding  for  decoration 
would  be  saved  to  the  nation. 

Mai/  1.  The  annual  general  meeting 
was  held  for  the  election  of  officers  for 
the  year  ensuing,  on  which  occasion  Mr. 
Fowler,  who  has  discharged  the  duties  of 
Honorary  Secretary  for  several  years,  re- 
signed his  office.  Thanks  were  voted  to 
Mr.  Fowler  for  his  zealous  services. 

Map  8.  A  special  meeting  was  held  to 
consider  the  following  proposition  :  *  *  That 
the  modern  practice  of  submitting  designs 
in  any  competitions  for  preference,  with- 
out specific  promise  of  certain  payment 
to  each  and  every  competitor,  operates 
injuriously  upon  architecture,  and  upon 
the  interests  and  character  of  the  pro- 
fession.'' In  consequence  however  of  the 
small  number  of  members  present,  oc- 
casioned by  the  unfavourable  state  of  the 
weather,  the  meeting  was  adjourned  to 
Monday,  Dec.  11. 

May  15.     Mr.  Angell  in  the  chair. 
Mr.   I* Anson  described  the  chapel  of 
St.  Matthias  at  Cobern,  on  the  Moselle. 
Professor   Hosking  then  illustrated  and 
explained  his  proposal  to  improve  the  de- 
sign of  arched  bridges,  by  the  introduction 
^  a  transverse  arch,  groined  into  the 
9 


longitudinal  arch  or  series  of  arches ;  and 
shewed  the  effect  of  this  and  of  other 
suggestions  he  has  made  for  the  improve- 
ment of  bridges,  in  a  design  for  remodel- 
ling Westminster  Bridge.* 

Mr.  Bellamy  objected  to  the  proposal, 
on  the  ground  that  it  would  inteifere  with 
the  stability  of  the  bridge, — not  merely 
equipoise,  but  concussion  had  to  be  pro- 
vided for. 

May  29.  The  Marquis  of  Northampton 
in  the  chair. 

A  paper  was  read  by  the  Rev.  Rich- 
ard Burgess,  "  On  the  aqueducts  and 
walls  of  ancient  Rome,"  wherein  the 
author  took  occasion  to  shew  very  elo- 
quently the  necessity  not  more  for  con- 
sidering utility  in  works  of  taste,  than  for 
exercising  taste  in  works  of  utility. 

Mr.  George  Godwin  drew  the  attention 
of  the  meeting  to  the  proposed  demolition, 
against  which  we  have  sdready  protested, 
of  the  only  considerable  portion  now  re- 
maining of  the  ancient  city  wall ;  and,  at 
the  request  of  some  members  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  urged  the  insti- 
tute to  lend  their  aid  in  inducing  its  pre- 
servation. As  Mr.  Godwin  truly  ob- 
served, monuments  of  this  description  be- 
come historical  evidences,  nationally  im- 
portant, and  are  continually  found  to  be 
of  the  greatest  service  when  tracing  those 
changes  in  our  state  and  manners  which 
time  is  constantly  effecting.  They  are 
links  in  a  chain  which  connects  the  pre- 
sent with  the  past — awakeners  of  senti  - 
ment — silent  teachers — and  have  never 
been  destroyed  without  much  after  regret 


*  Reported  in  Civil  Engineer's  Joumali 
p.  211. 


1843.] 


Architecture. 


297 


anil  condemnation.  The  proposed  demo- 
lition of  this  interesting  memorial  of  the 
early  history  of  the  city,  he  continued, 
affords  another  instance  of  the  advantage 
that  might  result  from  the  establishment 
of  a  public  board  for  the  preservation  of 
our  ancient  monuments,  similar  to  the 
Comitb  Historique  des  Arts  et  Monumens, 
of  Paris,  who  when  local  requirements 
threatened  the  destruction  of  what  in 
reality  belongs  to  the  whole  nation,  might 
interpose  their  authority,  and  prevent  the 
contemplated  injury.  Lord  Northampton 
expressed  a  hope  that  Mr.  Godwin's  effort 
would  be  successful,  and  suggested  that 
the  council  should  communicate  with  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  and  present  a 
joint  memorial  on  the  subject. 

We  are  glad  to  be  able  to  state  that  this 
suggestion  has  been  acted  on,  and  that  a 
memorial  from  the  two  societies  has  been 
forwarded  to  the  proper  quarter.* 

June  \2,  Mr.  T.  L.  Donaldson  in  the 
chair. 

Mr.  Severn  offered  some  observations 
on  the  baths  of  ancient  Rome,  chiefly  in 
a  sanitary  poiut  of  view. 

Mr.  Britton  then  read  a  paper,  and 
made  remarks  ou  the  porches  of  Christian 
buildings ;  and  particularly  on  that  fine 
and  unique  example  attached  to  the  south 
side  of  Malmsbuiy  Abbey  Church.  This 
was  illustrated  by  numerous  drawings, 
and  its  singularity  of  design,  its  elaborate 
ornaments,  and  its  general  characteristics 
were  fidly  described.  Mr.  Britton  also 
illustrated  and  gave  accounts  of  the 
splendid  porch,  on  the  north  side  of  Red- 
cliffe  Church,  Bristol,  and  those  of  Salis- 
bury, Wells,  Peterborough,  Gloucester, 
Lincoln,  and  Hereford  Cathedrals  ;  also 
Bishops-Cleeve,  Cirencester,  St.  Mary's 
at  Bury,  and  several  others.  In  appeal- 
ing to  a  large  auditory  of  young  architects, 
he  urged  them  to  study  diligently  and 
zealously  the  Christian  architecture  of 
England,  as  replete  with  countless  beauties 
in  design  and  detail,  and  full  of  interest 
for  skill  and  science  in  construction.  He 
reprobated  the  practice  of  tamely  and  in- 
sipidly copying  any  work,  and  particularly 
the  Grecian  and  Roman  porticoes,  and 
indiscriminately  applying  or  misapplying 
them  to  any  species  of  building  and  every 
peculiarity  of  site.  In  conclusion  Mr. 
Britton  made  a  brief  but  interesting  re- 
view of  the  alteration  which  has  taken 
place  in  public  opinion  on  the  subject  of 
gothic  architecture,  and  the  improvement 


♦  We  are  happy  to  refer  our  readers  to 
a  paragraph  in  the  next  page,  containing  a 
brief  statement  of  the  snocess  of  the  me* 
morial. 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


apparent  in  architectural  books,  since  he 
first  commenced  his  useful  career. 

June  26.     Mr.  J.  Scoles  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  C.  H.  Smith  laid  before  the  meeting 
^'  Observations  on  the  circumstances  that 
influence  the  precipitation  or  condensation 
of  moisture  on  the  surfaces  of  walls." 
Mr.  E.  Hall  then  read  a  paper  "  On 
propriety  of  style,  particularly  with 
reference  to  the  modern  adaptation  of 
Gothic  architecture;"  the  object  of  which 
was  to  prove  that  pointed  architecture  was 
the  only  style  suited  for  ecclesiastical 
structures  in  England  of  every  faith ;  and 
that  whatever  objections  might  be  brought 
against  the  former  practice  of  the  Gothic 
architects,  these  were  removed  by  modem 
invention  and  skill,  and  therefore  could 
have  no  force  against  its  adaptation  in 
the  present  day. 

July  10.  Mr.  W.  Hamiltonin  the  chair, 

Mr.  Edward  Chamberlain's  essay,  in 
reply  to  the  question,  "  Are  synchronism 
and  imiformity  of  style  essential  to  beauty 
and  propriety  in  architecture,"  (and  to 
which  the  Institute  medal  was  awarded 
April  3,)  was  read.  In  pointing  out  the 
evil  of  continually  copying  and  reprodu- 
cing, the  writer  asked,  If  our  forefathers 
had  tasted  the  cup  of  Grecian  excellence, 
what  would  they  have  done?  Nothing. 
Fortunately  however,  they  were  thrown 
into  a  happier  time,  and  they  had  pro- 
duced a  style  of  architecture  of  their  own. 
Mr.  Hamilton  was  of  opinion  we  should 
not  be  afraid  of  imitation. 

July  24.  Closing  meeting  of  the  session, 
Mr.  W.  Tite,  V.P.  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  Maugham  explained  Mr.  Pa3rne's 
patent  process  for  preserving  wood,  and 
exhibited  the  process.  The  combinations 
are  insoluble,  and  are  mostly  of  such 
trifling  cost  as  scarcely  to  be  appreciable 
as  articles  of  expense  where  the  work  is 
considerable.  The  process  was  described 
as  rendering  the  wood  thoroughly  anti- 
dry-rot,  uninflammable,  and  causing  wood 
of  inferior  quality  to  be  equal  in  point  of 
strength  and  durability  to  the  hardest  and 
best  descriptions. 

A  paper  was  read  by  Professor  Donald- 
son, y.P.  on  the  arrangement  of  the 
fronts  of  houses  in  some  Belgian  towns, 
from  the  12th  to  the  17th  centuries,  and 
illustrated  by  numerous  sketches  taken, 
by  the  author. 

This  being  the  closing  meeting,  the 
chairman  addressed  the  members  on  the 
successful  result  of  their  labours  during 
the  past  session.  Many  papers  of  great 
interest  had  been  read  at  the  meet- 
ings, and  various  committees  had  been 
engaged  in  the  consideration  of  topics 
of  an  important  nature,  coimected  both 
with  the  practice  of  architecture  in  general, 

3  Q 


298 


New  Churches. 


[Sept. 


and  the  interests  of  the  Institute.  We 
cannot  avoid  remarking,  however,  that  hy 
the  elder  memhers  of  the  profession  few 
papers  have  been  contributed.  They 
would  doubtless  plead  their  engagements 
in  excuse  :  but  we  would  humbly  suggest 
that,  having  the  interest  of  the  Institute  at 
heart,  they  should  consider  it  a  duty 
occasionally  to  communicate  to  their 
younger  colleagues  the  result  of  their 
more  extensive  experience. 

The  Vice-President  alluded  to  the  in- 
creased attention  given  to  the  study  of 
Gbthic  Architecture,  of  which  he  professed 
himself  a  warm  admirer,  but  at  the  same 
time  cautioned  the  j  unior  members  from  de- 
voting their  exclusive  attention  to  subjects 
which  had  been  so  strongly  advocated  by 
some  writers  of  the  present  day,  to  the 
total  neglect  of  the  classical  styles  of 
Greece  and  Italy. 

OLD    LONDON   WALL. 

Inconsequence  of  Mr.  G.  Godwin's  re- 
presentation to  the  Institute  of  Architects, 
a  joint  memorial  from  that  body  and  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  was  presented  to 
the  Committee  of  the  Society  for  Promot- 
ing the  Building  of  Churches  in  the  Me- 
tropolis, setting  forth  the  importance  of 
the  old  wall,  **  as  illustrative  of  the  skill 
of  our  forefathers,  and  of  the  boundaries 
of  the  City  of  London  in  the  earliest  pe- 
riods,'' and  praying  that  arrangements 
might  be  made  to  preserve  it.  We  are 
glad  to  say  this  step  has  had  the  desired 
effect:  the  memoralists  have  been  in- 
formed by  the  secretary  of  the  Society 
that  the  architect  has  been  instructed  to 
re«arrange  his  plan  for  the  proposed 
church,  so  as  to  preserve  the  entire 

WALL. 


New  Churches. 
{Continued  from  p,  189.) 
St.  Paul's  Chapel,  Penzance,  opened 
for  divine  service  on  Easter  Tuesday, 
owes  its  existence  to  the  piety  and  muni- 
ficence of  the  Rev.  Henry  Batten.  It  is 
built  in  the  later  English  style  of  archi- 
tecture which  prevailed  in  the  13th  cen- 
tury ;  and  is  60  feet  in  length,  22  in 
breadth,  and  60  in  height  to  the  top  of  the 
western  cross.  The  extreme  breadth 
from  transept  to  transept  is  46  feet.  The 
height  of  the  side  walls  is  23  feet,  and 
those  of  the  gable-ends  43  feet ;  thus 
making  the  gables  nearly  equilateral  tri- 
angles. The  walls  are  of  the  best  granite 
rubble,  finely  pointed ;  the  door  and 
window  jambs,  buttresses,  string  courses, 
coping,  and  bell-turret  being  of  the  best 
franite  ashler.  The  door-way  at  the 
^  :em  front  is  composed  of  two  orders* 
0,  an  impost  ^  two  eolumn?;  placed 


in  hollows,  supporting  the  arch  mould- 
ings, which  consist  of  three  rounds,  with 
a  fillet  on  the  outer  one.  The  door,  which 
is  very  massy,  is  of  English  oak,  studded 
with  nails,  and  supported  by  heavy  orna- 
mental hinges.  The  western  windows  are, 
as  are  the  eastern,  triplets.  The  former 
are  filled  with  stained  glass,  executed  by 
Willement:  they  contain  figures  of  Moses, 
Aaron,  the  four  greater  prophets,  and  St. 
John  the  Baptist,  all  under  rich  canopies. 
The  bell-turret,  which  is  surmounted  by 
an  ornamental  cross,  is  taken  in  most  oi 
its  details,  with  the  exception  of  the  cross, 
from  the  church  of  St.  Nicholas,  Glaston- 
bury. The  windows  at  the  sides  of  the 
building  are  filled  with  ornamented  glaz- 
ing, consisting  of  large  quarries  contain- 
ing four  circles  placed  crucial  ways, 
hence  showing  forth  eternity  and  the 
cross.  The  windows  in  the  transept 
gable-ends  are  23  feet  in  height  by  3  in 
width,  being  in  their  proportions  similar 
to  the  large  windows  in  the  continental 
churches,  tiiough  there  are  examples  of 
the  same  kind  of  window  in  this  country. 
The  interior  of  the  building  is  carefully 
finished,  and  contains  much  decoration. 
The  floor  is  a  fine  specimen  of  granite 
pavement,  in  squares.  The  seating  re- 
sembles that  of  the  Church  of  Stanton 
Harcourt,  in  Oxfordshire,  from  which  it 
has  been  chiefly  taken.  The  benches  are 
divided  into  compartments  by  arms» 
whereby  they  have  the  appearance  and 
utility  of  stsdls.  This  arrangement  not 
only  economises  room,  but  also  admits  of 
the  appropriation  of  single  seats  without 
the  adoption  of  the  pew  system.  The 
fronts  of  the  seats  are  of  carved  oak,  the 
finials  being  cut  to  reBemhle  Jleur»'de-li9, 
The  choir  contains  oak  stalls  for  the 
choristers.  The  approach  to  the  chancel 
is  by  three  bold  and  well-executed  gi*anite 
steps.  On  the  second  step  rests  the 
pulpit,  hewn  out  of  a  single  block  of 
granite  of  10  tons :  it  was  designed  from 
that  of  St.  Peter's,  Oxford ;  the  promi- 
nent mouldings  are  gilded.  On  the  upper 
step,  which  is  continuous  with  the  floor 
of  the  chancel,  is  placed  a  rail,  or  rather 
screen,  of  delicately  worked  granite.  The 
model  was  taken,  with  some  slight  modi- 
fications, from  the  parapet  of  Salisbury 
Cathedral.  Within  the  rail  are  three 
steps  or  rather  plots  of  granite,  on  which 
rests  the  communion  table,  which  is  made 
of  English  oak,  elaborately  carved ;  it  is, 
with  some  alteration,  copied  from  the 
communion  table  of  Bishop  Jewel,  in 
Sunningwell  church,  Berkshire.  The 
rere-dos  at  the  back  of  the  altar  and  sides 
of  the  chancel  are,  with  slight  alterations 
in  the  mouldings  and  columns,  in  order 
to  make  it  correspond  mth  the  style  of 


I843.J 


Nm  Churches. 


299 


the  bnildiiig,  token  ft'om  the  arcade  in 
Lichfield  Cathedral,  In  leven  of  the 
niches  are  plaeed  sedilia  for  the  use  of  the 
Cieify*  The  caps  and  bases  of  the 
columns  and  the  prominent  mouldings  of 
the  arches  are  all  gilded.  One  of  the 
arcades  is  deeply  recessed  for  a  credence 
and  piscina.  On  the  first  altar  step  there 
are  two  elegant  candelabras,  five  feet  and 
a  half  high,  elaborately  carved  and  gilt, 
containing  candles  of  wax  four  feet  and 
a  half  in  height.  The  table  is  corered 
with  a  handsome  pall,  finely  embroidered 
with  gold.  The  altar  plate  is  silver  gilt. 
The  candlesticks  are  taken  from  ancient 
patterns,  and  are  of  bold  outline ;  above 
the  altar  there  is  a  plain  gilt  cross.  The 
eastern  windows  are,  as  before  stated, 
triplets  of  fine  proportions;  the  centre 
window  is  of  the  height  of  20  feet,  the 
side  ones  17.  The  caps,  bases,  and  bands 
of  the  columns  are  gilded,  and  also  the 
fiUets  of  the  arch  mouldings.  These  win- 
dows are  filled  with  painted  glass  in 
Willement's  best  style ;  they  contain 
figures  of  Christ,  St.  Peter,  St.  Paul,  and 
the  (bur  Evangelists,  under  rich  canopies. 
The  colours  of  the  draperies  are  very 
splendid.  The  service  is  read  from  a 
lectern,  which  is  placed  on  the  upper 
chancel  step ;  it  is  of  carved  oak,  and  is 
similar  in  design  to  the  one  in  Ramsey 
church,  Huntingdonshire.  The  Litany  is 
said  or  chanted  from  a  fiild&tool,  placed  on 
the  second  chancel  step,  and  looking  to- 
wards the  altar.  The  lessons  are  read  from 
a  brass-eagle,  which  stands  on  the  pave- 
ment of  t£e  choir.  The  organ  stands  on 
a  slightly  elevated  platform  in  die  western 
side  of  the  north  transept.  The  roof  is 
open  to  the  church,  after  the  model  of 
the  Suffolk  roofs,  and  though  it  is  of 
massy  proportions,  yet,  from  its  height 
and  extreme  pointedness,  is  of  elegant 
appearance.  The  church  was  opened 
with  full  choral  service  morning  and  after- 
noon, attended  by  about  30  of  the  clergy 
from  the  neighbourhood  and  other  parts 
of  the  county,  and  30  choristers. 

April  20,  1843.  A  new  chapel  has 
been  erecteid  at  Crockerton,  in  the  parish 
of  Deverell  Longbridge,  near  Warminster, 
Wilts,  under  the  direction  of  the  Hon. 
and  Rev.  Lord  Charles  Thynne,  the 
Rector  of  the  parish,  Who  with  several  of 
the  respectable  families  of  the  neighbour- 
hood have  contributed  liberally  towards 
the  undertaking.  The  site  was  presented 
by  the  Most  Noble  the  Marquess  of  Bath, 
and  by  his  exertions  the  chapel  has  been 
built,  upon  the  plans  and  under  the  super- 
intendence of  Mr.T.  H.Wyatt,  the  archi- 
tect of  the  Salisbury  Diocesan  Church 
Building  Association,  from  tiie  funds  of 
which  a  grant  of  150/.  were  made  towards 
its  erection.    The  chapel  stands  near  the 


western  edge  of  the  grounds  of  Longleat, 
and  at  about  four  mUes  from  that  noble 
mansion.  The  building  is  in  its  main 
features  Norman,  but  without  such  strict 
adherence  to  the  English  models  of  that 
style  as  to  exclude  a  free  use  of  some  of 
its  more  continental  forms.  It  consists 
of  a  single  body.  At  the  north-western 
comer  is  placed  the  tower,  with  a  dwarf 
steeple ;  the  windows  in  the  tower  being 
of  pierced  work^  and  the  columns  of  the 
arches  carried  below  the  windows  to  the 
same  depth  as  above,  so  as  to  form  in- 
verted arches  embracing  a  cross.  At  each 
angle  of  the  tower  are  the  emblems  of  the 
Holy  Evangelists.  In  a  line  with  the 
tower  are  the  porch  and  vestry,  externally 
appearing  as  part  of  the  main  building, 
and  forming  altogether  a  western  front,  of 
whidi  the  stone-work  of  the  windows  is 
more  enriched  than  of  those  in  the  other 
parts  of  the  building.  The  apse  is  in- 
tended to  be  removed  and  carried  further 
out,  so  as  to  form  a  chancel  of  considera- 
ble depth,  which  the  funds  will  at  present 
not  allow.  A  Norman  Cross  surmounts 
the  eastern  gable.  The  interior  is  aboufe 
65  feet  by  30,  exclusive  of  the  apse,  which 
is  paved  with  encaustic  tiles,  and  its 
windows,  with  several  others,  are  filled 
with  stained  glass  by  Mr.  Miller,  of  Sil<< 
ver-street,  Golden-square;  a  rich  red 
cross  forming  the  prominent  feature  of 
the  central  one.  The  pulpit  is  of  stone^ 
in  the  south-eastern  angle  of  the  body, 
and  in  the  opposite  angle  a  double  reading* 
desk,  of  low  open  work,  and  massive. 
At  the  foot  of  the  apse  or  chancel  steps 
is  a  simple  lectern,  on  which  rests  the 
Holy  Bible,  for  the  reading  of  the  lessons. 
A  gallery  at  the  west  end  is  supported  by 
a  screen,  so  arranged  as  to  form  on 
the  southern  side  a  baptistery,  with  a 
massive  font,  on  which  are  figures  of  the 
holy  Apostles.  The  roof  externally  is 
covered  with  red  tile.  Internally  it  con- 
sists of  chamfered  tie-beams,  with  brackets 
and  pendants,  queen-posts,  collars,  prin- 
cipals, and  purlins  united  by  curved  ribs, 
all  of  which  are  seen  in  dark  wood ;  and 
on  the  tie-beams,  as  well  as  on  other 
parts  of  the  church,  are  well-selected  and 
beautifully-painted  passages  of  Holy 
Scripture.  The  seats  are  SXL  unappropri- 
ated, open,  and  free. 

May  12.  The  Bishop  of  Hereford 
(acting  for  the  Bishop  of  Lichfield)  con* 
secreted  the  new  church  of  St.  James,  at 
Wolverhampton, 

May  13.  A  small  church  at  Paddimg* 
ton,  dedicated  to  St.  James,  was  conse* 
crated  by  the  Bishop  of  London. 

May  SO.    The  beautiful  new  stmetnre 
of  St.  Paul's,  Kni§kt9krid9:  was  conse- 
crated  by  the  Bishop  of  L 
preieace  of  tht  Puk*  of       •> 


300 


Ne^  Churches, 


Marquess  of  Westminster,  the  Earls  of 
Burlington  and  Brownlow,  and  a  large 
number  of  nobility  and  gentry.  The 
erection  cost  11|000/.  and  will  accommo- 
date two  thousand  persons. 

June  2.  The  new  church  at  Bushleyt 
near  Tewkesbury,  was  consecrated  by  the 
Lord  Bishop  of  Worcester.  This  edifice, 
which  stands  on  a  rising  ground,  is  of 
cruciform  shape,  and  in  the  pointed  style, 
having  a  very  handsome  spire.  The  walls 
are  built  with  blue  stone  procured  in  the 
parish  ;  the  spire  and  ornamental  work 
with  freestone  from  Postlip,  near  Winch - 
combe;  the  bells,  which  are  a  musical 
peal  of  five,  were  taken  from  the  old 
building.  Over  the  front  entrance  is  a 
clock,  presented  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dowdes- 
well.  The  interior  of  the  church  has  a 
neat  appearance  :  the  vestry  occupies  the 
north  transept,  while  the  south  affords  a 
commodious  pew  for  the  Dowdeswell  fa- 
mily ;  the  scroll  of  each  arch  is  supported 
by  corbels  with  sculptured  heads ;  the 
seats  are  made  with  half-doors,  which 
style  seems  now  to  be  gradually  super- 
seding the  closed  pews ;  the  clerk's  seat 
is  near  the  centre,  and  some  distance  from 
the  desk.  There  is  a  gallery  over  the 
western  door,  to  be  occupied  by  the  choir 
and  others.  The  church  contains  accom- 
modation for  400,  of  which  300  sittings 
are  to  be  free  and  unappropriated  for 
ever.  The  architect  was  Mr.  Blore,  and 
the  builder  Mr.  Fothergill,  both  of  Lon- 
don. 

June  5.  The  new  church  at  Burghfield, 
Berks,  took  place  on  Thurday  week.  The 
church  is  of  the  style  of  architecture  which 
prevailed  in  England  about  700  years  ago, 
namely,  the  Anglo-Norman.  The  ground 
plan  is  in  the  form  of  a  cross,  the  nave 
being  occupied  with  open  free  benches, 
and  the  transepts  with  pews.  In  the 
chancel  is  a  painted  window  over  the 
alter,  representing  the  Virgin  Mary  and 
Child,  from  a  picture  of  Rubens.  There 
is  a  circular  open  reading-desk  and  a  pul- 
pit, both  of  stone.  Open  timbers  support 
the  roof. 

June  7.  The  Archbishop  of  York  has 
consecrated  new  churches  at  Elsecar  and 
Kimberworthf  in  the  87th  year  of  his  age. 

June  18.  The  little  chapel  of  St. 
Thomas,  at  Chevythomet  was  consecrated 
by  the  Bishop  of  Exeter.  It  has  been 
erected  by  voluntary  contributions,  aided 
by  a  grant  of  100/.  from  the  Diocesan 
Church  Building  Society,  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  four  hamlets  of  Chettis- 
combe,  Chevythorne,  Craze  Lowroan,  and 
East  and  West  Rose,  which  contain  a 
population  of  nearly  400  souls,  at  a  dis- 
tance of  from  two  to  four  miles  from  the 
parish  church  at  Tiverton.  It  was  built 
hj  Messrs,  Beck  and  Gatb,  of  Tiyertoo, 


[Sept. 

from  desigpis  by  Benjamin  Ferrey,  esq. 
architect,  of  London.  The  whole  of  the 
sittings  are  free  and  unappropriated. 

June  24.  St.  Mary  Magdalen  church, 
Southwark,  situated  in  Clarence-street, 
Old  Kent-road,  near  the  Bricklayers' 
Arms,  was  consecrated  by  the  Bishop  of 
Winchester.  It  will  accommodate  1 ,400 
persons, — the  free  sittings  700.  The 
architect  is  Mr.  Benjamin  Ferrey,  and  the 
cost  about  6,000/. 

On  the  same  day  the  consecration  of 
the  chapel  atteched  to  the  recently-erected 
institution  for  the  relief  of  aged  and  de- 
cayed journeymen  tailors,  on  Haverstock' 
hill,  was  performed  by  the  Bishop  of 
London.  The  ground  upon  which  it 
stands  was  given  by  Mr.  Stulz,  of  Clifford- 
street,  who  also  built  at  his  own  cost  the 
chapel,  which  he  has  endowed  with  an 
annual  stipend  for  a  clergyman  of  the 
Church  of  England,  who  has  pleasant 
apartmente  provided  for  him  in  the  build- 
ing.  Other  individuals  of  the  same  trade 
have  followed  Mr.  Stulz's  noble  example, 
and  have  presented  a  well-toned  organ  for 
the  chapel,  and  vessels  for  the  holy  com- 
munion. Thirty-eight  inmates  are  already 
in  the  asylum,  and  accommodations  are  in 
the  course  of  preparation  for  the  reception 
of  more. 

On  the  same  day  also,  the  Bishop  of 
Worcester  consecrated  a  new  church  on 
the  Bewdley-road,  Kidderminster.  It 
originated  with  a  bequest  of  500/.  made 
by  the  late  J.  Woodward,  esq.  of  Summer 
Hill  (and  who  left  sufficient  funds  for  the 
support  of  a  school,  in  connection  with 
the  church,  which  is  now  called  **  Wood- 
ward's Charity.")  The  architect  was  Mr. 
Alexander,  of  London,  and  Mr.  Herring, 
of  Kidderminster,  the  builder.  The  style 
is  pure  Norman;  the  edifice  is  built  with 
bricks  and  Bath  stone,  and  there  is  a 
handsome  spire,  which  is  to  contain  two 
bells.  The  interior  is  lofty,  the  roof 
being  supported  by  light  and  elegant 
truss-work ;  three  steined-glass  windows 
at  the  east  end  shed  a  subdued  light  on 
the  alter ;  at  the  west  end  is  a  large  gal- 
lery, and  two  smaller  ones  in  each  tran- 
sept. The  font  is  in  the  nave,  with  seats 
for  the  choir  surrounding  it  The  length 
from  east  to  west  is  101  feet;  the  width 
from  north  to  south,  across  the  transepts, 
60  feet.  There  is  accommodation  for 
1,250  persons,  of  which  860  sittings  are 
free;  the  seate  are  open  and  moveable, 
and  the  carvings  are  entirely  in  keeping 
with  the  style  of  architecture ;  the  pave- 
ment is  composed  of  coloured  tiles.  The 
total  expense  was  about  4,000/. 

The  Bishop  of  Ripon  has  consecrated 
two  churches  in  Yorkshire  ^one  at  Burley 
in  Wharfedale,  and  the  other  at  Manning^ 
ham*  ^ 


1843.] 


New  Churches, 


301. 


Julyll,  Leven  in  Holdemess, — The 
first  stone  of  this  church  was  laid  by 
Richard  Bethel^  esq.  Lord  of  the  Manor 
of  Leven.  A  sermon  was  preached  by  the 
Ven.  R.  J.  Wilberforce,  Archdeacon  of 
the  East  Riding.  On  the  silver  trowel 
were  these  words  : — "  Presented  to  Rich- 
ard Bethell,  esq.  on  the  occasion  of  his 
laying  the  first  stone  of  the  new  parish 
church  of  Leven,  by  Geo.  Wray,  M.A. 
Rector  of  Leven,  A.D.  1843."  On 
the  brass  plate  was  the  following  inscrip- 
tion : — **  This  first  stone  of  the  New 
Parish  Church  of  Leven,  dedicated  to 
the  Holy  Trinity,  was  laid  July  11th, 
A.D.  1843.  Richard  Bethell,  Lord  of 
the  Manor  of  Leven ;  George  Wray, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Leven;  R.  Dennis 
Chantrell,  of  Leeds,  architect."  The 
church  is  to  be  built  by  private  subscrip- 
tion. Mr.  Bethell  gave  above  an  acre  of 
ground  for  the  site,  and  500/. 

The  new  church  at  Upper  Goumal^  in 
the  parish  of  Sedgeley,  Staffordshire,  has 
been  consecrated  by  the  Bishop  of  Here- 
ford ;  it  contains  950  sittings,  628  of 
which  are  free.  The  new  church  at  Teatit 
in  the  parish  of  Checkley,  Staffordshire, 
has  also  been  consecrated  by  his  lordship. 

On  the  same  day  the  Lord  Bishop  of 
Worcester  consecrated  an  Episcopal  Cha- 
pel at  Bishoptofif  near  Stratford-on- Avon. 
The  cost  of  the  building  was  1000/.  The 
style  is  early-English,  with  lancet  win- 
dows, and  a  triple  light  over  the  commu- 
nion table  ;  the  roof  is  of  wood,  supported 
with  light  and  graceful  truss-work ;  the 
walls  are  built  with  blue  Wilmcote  stone, 
the  ornamental  facings  being  of  light 
stone  from  the  Bidford  quarries.  The 
building  is  57ft.  lOin.  in  length,  and  28ft 
lin.  in  breadth,  and  contains  192  sittings, 
of  which  64  are  free. 

July  28.  The  Bishop  of  London  con- 
secrated a  new  church  at  Tumham  Green f 
in  the  parish  of  Chiswick,  under  the  dedi- 
cation of  Christ  Church.  It  is  built  in 
the  early- English  style,  of  flints  with  stone 
dressings,  and  a  spire  of  black  bricks,  in 
imitation  of  flints.  The  latter,  which  rises 
from  the  centre  of  the  structure,  forms  an 
ornamental  object  to  the  whole  neigh- 
bourhood. There  are  transepts  and  a 
semicircular  chancel.  The  interior,  ex- 
clusive of  the  chancel,  is  72  feet  long, 
and  44  wide;  the  roof  is  of  open 
timber-work  ;  the  accommodation  is  for 
930  persons,  including  the  galleries.  The 
architects  were  Messrs.  Scott  and  Moffatt ; 
the  builders  Messrs.  Bird  of  Hammer- 
smith ;  and  the  cost  nearly  6000/. 

Mr.  Southeron  has  given  500/.  towards 
erecting  a  church  at  Goole,  Yorkshire. 

A  new  Chapel  of  Ease  has  been  opened 
»t  Llanvair  Grange^  in  the  parish   of 


Llantillio  Crossemy,  near  Monmouth. 
All  the  sittings  in  the  chapel  are  free. 

yiug,  1 .  The  new  church  of  St.  John 
the  Evangelist  at  Marchwood^  near  South- 
ampton, was  consecrated  by  the  Bishop 
of  Winchester.  The  church  is  calculated 
to  accommodate  600  persons  in  the  area 
of  the  building ;  it  is  built  in  the  early- 
English  style,  VTithout  galleries;  it  is  cru- 
ciform in  plan,  with  a  south  aisle,  a  deep 
chancel,  and  a  beautiful  tower  at  the  west 
end  of  the  south  aisle.  The  building  is 
highly  creditable  to  the  reputation  of  its 
architect,  Mr.  J.  Derick,  of  Oxford.  It 
has  been  erected  at  the  cost  of  H.  K. 
HoUoway,  esq.  of  Marchwood  Lodge,  who 
has  also  endowed  it. 

The  Bishop  of  Worcester  has  lately 
consecrated  the  new  chapel  of  ease  at 
Victoria  Spa,  near  Stratford-on-Avon, 
in  the  presence  of  a  very  numerous  as- 
sembly of  the  clergy  of  the  diocese. 

The  Bishop  of  Bangor  has  consecrated 
St,  John's  Church,  at  Hawarden,  Flint- 
shire, erected  and  decorated  at  a  cost  of 
3,000/.  by  the  munificence  of  the  Gl]fnn 
family. 

The  Temple  Church.— This  edifice 
is  again  to  be  closed  for  two  months,  for 
further  beautifications,  during  which  time 
it  will  be  thoroughly  cleansed  from  a  great 
quantity  of  dust  which  hangs  about  the 
grooves  of  the  arches  in  the  ceiling.  The 
marble  pillars  are  to  be  polished  in  a 
superior  manner,  and  the  entire  wood- 
work is  to  be  stained  dark  and  polished. 
The  pulpit  will  also  be  finished,  as  well  as 
the  new  seats  for  the  choristers,  which  are 
(we  understand)  beautifully  designed. 
There  is  also  a  building  in  progress  at- 
tached to  the  church  for  the  choir.  Above 
20,000  persons  must  have  visited  the 
building  by  benchers*  orders  since  it 
opened  in  November  last,  including  the 
greater  part  of  the  royal  family  and  no- 
bility, and  for  some  months  hundreds  were 
refused  admittance  daily,  not  having 
orders.  The  whole  cost  of  the  repairs,  it 
is  said,  exceeds  70,000/.,  which  has  been 
paid  out  of  the  funds  of  the  two  Societies, 
without  affecting  their  usual  liberality  in 
other  ways. 

Churches  Repaired,  &c. 

The  repairs  and  restorations  of  the  fine 
old  church  of  St.  Mary  Magdalene,  at 
Taunton,  are  in  active  progress.  The 
noble  columnar  arch,  hitherto  obscured 
by  the  organ,  at  the  western  entrance  of 
the  church,  has  been  redeemed  from  its 
obscurity,  and  now  presents,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  ornamental  roof,  a  beautiful 
feature  in  the  edifice.  The  organ  will  be 
replaced ;  but  by  a  lateral  arrangement  of 
the  pipes   the  surrounding  architectwrt 


302 


Churchei  Repaired,  SfC. 


[Sept, 


will  be  but  partially  suppressed.  Some 
stained-glass  windows,  by  Mr.  Ray,  con- 
tribute to  the  embellishments. 

The  restoration  of  Porttmouth  Church 
is  in  progress.  One  of  the  four  lofty 
Norman  arches,  the  only  one  remaining, 
which  formerly  supported  the  square 
tower,  has  been  uncovered.  It  will  be  a 
work  of  labour  to  restore  the  tracery  and 
ribbing  which  adorned  it,  as  at  present 
nothing  but  the  plain  stone  outlines  re- 
main, and  all  the  ornamental  parts  were 
swept  away  in  1698.  The  monuments  of 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham  and  others  at 
the  eastern  end  have  been  removed,  and  a 
Norman  arch,  with  deep  set  window, 
in  excellent  preservation,  discovered. 
Through  this  window,  during  the  trou- 
bles of  the  Reformation,  the  officiating 
priest  was  shot  at^by  a  Lollard.  A  large 
circular-headed  recess  is  also  apparent  in 
the  northern  transept,  but  whether  it 
contains  a  window,  or  was  one  of  the  an- 
cient shrines,  is  as  yet  unknown.  If  the 
large  Norman  arch  be  restored  to  match 
the  two  smaller  side  ones,  the  incon- 
gruous Corinthian  cornice  above  it  must  be 
removed,  by  which  a  much  greater  appear- 
ance of  elevation  will  be  obtained. ; 

Extensive  repairs  are  in  progress  in  St. 
Mary's  church,  Reading,  During  the 
course  of  last  week  three  very  ancient 
sedilia,  of  the  early-English  architecture, 
were  discovered  in  ruins  behind  the 
wainscoting  on  the  south  side  of  the 
chancel ;  the  fresco  painting  at  the  back 
of  them,  and  the  encaustic  tiles,  being 
still  in  excellent  preservation. 

In  St.  PauPs  church,  Bedmifuter,  near 
Bristol,  a  new  altar-piece  has  been  erected 
in  the  Perpendicular  style,  and  in  Pains- 
wick  stone.  The  carving  is  exquisite ;  all 
the  spandrils  are  foliated ;  the  buttresses 
terminated  with  crocketed  pinnacles,  and 
two  handsome  canopies  with  finials.  The 
whole  is  appropriately  decorated  with  the 
Tudor  rose,  portcullis,  &c.  The  decalogal 
plajtes,  executed  in  London  by  the  cele- 
brated Mr.  Willement,  are  made  to  re- 
semble tables  of  brass,  and  the  letters  are 
beautifully  designed  in  the  ancient  il- 
luminated character.  Mr.  Henry  Rum- 
ley,  of  Bristol,  has  superintended  this 
work. 

A  very  superb  and  magnificent  font  of 
Caen  stone  is  just  fixed  in  Eweter  cathedraL 
It  has  been  wrought  by  Mr.  Rowe,  of  St. 
Sidwell's,  from  a  design  drawn  by  Mr. 
Hayward,  architect  to  the  Diocesan 
Church  Architectural  Society.  The  basin, 
which  is  of  the  largest  size,  and  capable  of 
affording  immersion  to  the  infant  neo- 
phyte, presents  an  exterior  of  very  close 
and  elaborate  carving,  enriched  with  a 
Latin  inscription,  engrared  with  singular 
neatness  and  precieiout    The  pedestal  is 


divided  into  eight  niches,  in  which  ap- 
propriate figures  will  be  placed.  This  font 
is  the  gift  of  the  Rev.  Canon  Bartholo- 
mew, and,  when  completed,  is  expected  to 
cost  very  little  less  than  100/.  Mr.  Rowe 
is  executing  another  font,  to  be  placed  in 
Broadclist  church,  the  exterior  carved  in 
quatrefoils  and  roses. 

The  font  of  Harrow  church,  Middlesex, 
which  for  some  forty  years  has  been  su- 
perseded and  lain  in  a  neighbouring  gar- 
den, has  been  lately  replac^.  It  is  a  fine 
Norman  bowl,  and  being  repolished  has  a 
very  handsome  appearance.  Hone  in  his 
Table  Book,  i.  155,  has  represented  it  in 
ite  scene  of  retirement. 

A  stained-gUss  window  has  just  been 
completed  in  Beekington  Chnreh,  near 
Frome.  It  is  composed  of  three  lancet 
openings,  in  the  centre  of  which  is  the 
subject  of  our  Saviour  bearing  his  cross, 
from  the  celebrated  picture  at  Oxford, 
The  side  compartments,  deogned  by  Mr. 
Owen  Carter,  architect,,  of  Winchester, 
are  of  rich  ornamental  work.  The  whole 
is  the  production  of  Mr.  Lygo,  of  Win- 
chester. 

J.  Hambrough,  esq.  of  Steephill  Castle, 
Ventnory  who  built  and  endowed  the 
church  at  his  own  expense,  has,  with  his 
usual  munificence,  determined  to  have 
new  side  galleries  erected  at  his  own  cost, 
which  galleries  will  contain  about  SOD 
additional  sittings,  and  the  whole  are  to 
be  entirely  free  and  unappropriated,  for 
the  use  of  the  poor  of  the  district. 

On  the  morning  of  Whit-Tuesday,  the 
church  of  Titchmarsh  in  Northampton- 
shire was  re-opened  by  the  Bishop  of  Pe- 
terborough, after  having  undergone  the 
following  among  other  repairs :  1 .  Throw- 
ing open  the  large  western  tower,  thereby 
gaining  180  seats  for  children,  and  throw- 
ing open  to  view  a  beautiful  decorated 
window  and  arch.  2.  Building  a  new 
vestry-room  on  the  north  side  of  the 
church.  3.  Paving  and  fitting  up  with 
free  seats  a  chantry  belonging  to  the 
Pickering  family,  and  given  up  to  the 
parish  by  J.  Pickering  Orde,  esq. 

Church  Extension. 

A  meeting  of  the  Incorporated  So- 
ciety for  Promoting  the  Enlargement, 
Building,  and  Repairing  of  Churches  and 
Chapels  was  held  lately  at  their  cham- 
bers, St.  Martin's  place,  Trafalgar<- 
Square.  The  Bishop  of  London  in  the 
chedr.  The  secretary  having  read  the  re- 
ports of  the  sub-committees,  the  meet- 
ing proceeded  to  investigate  the  cases  re- 
ferred to  their  consideration,  and  granted 
votes  of  various  sums  of  money  for  the 
following  purposes  :  -*-  Enlarging  the 
church  at  Hampstc»d;  enlarging  by  re- 
building the  {ihvxoh  at  JLittle  J^ew^astle, 


18430 


Aniiguarian  Researches. 


303 


Pembrokesliire ;  rebuilding  the  church  at 
Braunston>  Northampton;  enlarging  the 
church  at  Tarrant  Gunville,  Dorset ;  en- 
larging the  chapel  at  Hey  or  Lees,  Lanca- 
shire ;  rebuilding  the  church  at  Blackley, 
in  the  parish  of  Manchester;  building 
a  church  at  Kimberley,  in  the  parish  of 
Creasley,  Nottingham ;  enlarging  the 
church  at  Evercreech,  Somerset;  en- 
larging by  rebuilding  the  church  of  St. 
Mary,  Dover ;  building  a  church  at  Godly, 
in  the  parish  of  Mottram,  Cheshire; 
building  a  chapel  at  Horsley,  in  the  parish 
of  Elsdon,  Northumberland;  building 
a  chapel  at  Milns-bridge,  parish  of 
Almondbury,  Yorkshire;  repewing  the 
church  at  Longford,  Derbyshire  ;  build- 
ing a  church  at  Upper  Chelsea ;  buildiog 
a  church  in  the  parish  of  South  Hackney  ; 
building  galleries  in  the  church  of  St. 
Mary,  Haggerstone  ;  building  the  church 
at  Uphill,  Somerset ;  building  a  chapel  at 
Headless-cross,  parish  of  Hipsley,  War- 
wickshire ;  building  a  church  at  Markin- 
ton,  in  the  parish  of  Ripon.  The  popula- 
tion of  these  parishes  and  districts  was 
362,184  persons,  for  whom  there  was  at 
present  church  accommodation  provided 
to  the  extent  of  23,278  sittings,  of  which 
7,841  were  free  and  unappropriated ;  but, 
with  the  assistance  now  granted  by  this 
fociety,  6,601  would  speedUy  be  added  to 


that  number,  and  of  these  5,247  would  be 
free.  Certificates  of  the  completion  of 
the  erection,  enlargement,  &c.,  of  churches 
and  chapels  in  ten  parishes  were  examined 
and  approved  ;  and  warrants  were  issued 
to  the  treasurer  for  the  payment  of  the 
grant  awarded  in  each  case.  The  popula- 
tion of  these  ten  parishes  was  23,598 
persons,  for  whom  there  had  been  church 
accommodation  for  only  2,989  persons, 
including  840  free  sittings  ;  but,  with  the 
aid  now  supplied  by  the  fwada  of  this 
society,  3,798  seats  had  been  added,  and 
of  these  3,157  were  free  and  unappro^ 
priated. 

COLOGNE  CATHBOaAL. 

The  Committee  formed  at  Mnnich  id 
aid  of  the  funds  for  the  completion  of  the 
cathedral  at  Cologne  have  collected  the 
sum  of  28,495  florins  for  the  present  year. 
It  has  been  arranged  that  the  Bavarian 
contributions  shall  be  applied  to  the  com* 
pletion  of  the  northern  transept  and  the 
north  side  of  the  nave.  The  King  of 
Prussia  devotes  50,000  thalers  per  annum 
to  the  southern  side,  and  10,000  to  the 
chief  entrance.  The  temporary  roofhai 
already  been  removed,  and  gigantic  scaf- 
foldings, both  inside  and  outside  the  ca- 
thedral, show  that  the  work  has  com- 
menced in  earnest. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


ANTIQUITIES. 

Lately,  at  Ely,  a  pavement  of  27  ft. 
by  12  ft.  has  been  opened.  It  varies 
from  a  foot  to  a  foot  and  a  half  in  depth, 
and  shews  great  care  in  placing  the  various 
bricks  in  regular  order.  There  are  two 
circles,  above  the  size  of  a  large  coach 
wheel,  and  the  other  in  square  bricks. 
They  are  ornamental,  and  a  few  shew 
marks  of  glazing,  which  would  lead  to  the 
supposition  that  they  were  all  that  charac- 
ter. The  thickness  is  about  an  inch,  and 
the  colour  red.  The  pavement  is  about 
the  centre  of  the  choir  (N.)  ;  there  was 
an  entrance  which  is  closed ;  and  this 
must  have  been  the  passage  which  led 
from  the  cathedral  to  Trinity  Church. 

During  some  late  alterations  at  Windsor 
Castle,  on  the  North  Terrace  was  dis- 
covered an  arched  subterranean  vault  of 
21  feet  in  height,  20  feet  long,  and  11 
feet  wide,  constructed  of  pointed  brick- 
work. In  proceeding  to  the  eastward 
six  more  arched  chambers,  communicating 
with  each  other  by  means  of  low  arched 
openings,  were  found.  Likewise  the  same 
number  of  chambers,  of  the  like  character 


and  construction,  leading  to  the  eastward 
towards  the  Winchester  Tower.  These 
works  were  constructed  in  the  reign  of 
Queen  Elizabeth.  The  roof,  in  many 
places,  was  thickly  studded  with  in- 
numerable stalactites,  many  upwards  of 
three  feet  long.  The  sides  of  the  vaults 
were  also  covered  with  beautiful  speci* 
mens  of  stalagmites. 

As  some  workmen  were  employed  in 
digging  a  new  sewer  in  Chelsea,  at  about 
18  feet  deep,  they  discovered  a  great 
variety  of  bones,  forming  the  skeletons  of 
various  animals,  some  of  which  are  of 
enormous  magnitude,  consisting  of  the 
mastodon,  the  elephant,  the  ox,  the  elk, 
the  hyena,  and  the  wolf,  &c.  likewise  the 
skulls  of  different  animals,  all  of  which 
are  in  good  preservation.  Many  of  the 
specimens  of  the  above  have  been  selected, 
and  are  now  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Kingsley,  the  rector  of  the  parish. 

In  clearing  the  foundations  of  the  old 
building  lately  taken  down  in  the  Dancing- 
school  Yard,  Canterburpf  said  to  have 
been  the  reudence  of  liord  Chancellor 


304 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


[Sept. 


More,  a  curious  discovery  was  made  a 
few  days  ago.  In  a  cellar  under  the 
counting-house  belonging  to  Mr.  Roberts, 
woolstapler,  the  earth  having  been  re- 
moved to  a  depth  of  ten  or  twelve  inches, 
a  pavement  of  encaustic  tiles,  regularly 
and  beautifully  arranged,  was  brought  to 
view.  Some  of  the  tiles  bear  the  figure 
of  a  fleur-de-lis,  others  of  a  star,  and 
some  a  representation  of  a  man  on  horse- 
back.  The  centre  of  the  floor  is  com- 
posed of  plain  tiles  much  worn,  having 
a  border  of  ornamental  tiles  to  the  breadth 
of  about  3  ft.  on  each  side.  This  floor  is 
at  a  depth  9  or  10  ft.  below  the  present 
level  of  the  exterior.  The  top  of  the 
stone  arched  window  scarcely  reaches  to 
the  outer  surface. 


FOREIGN    ANTIQUITIES. 

.  The  Archseological  Society  of  Athena 
are  pursuing  their  researches  on  the  site  of 
the  Acropolis.  There  have  lately  been 
discovered  80  blocks  of  the  north  wall 
of  the  Cella  of  the  Parthenon,  and  two 
contiguous  fragments  of  the  frieze  of  the 
north  side  of  the  temple,  representing 
portions  of  the  procession  of  the  Pana- 
thenea. 


An  ancient  coffin  was  discovered  some 
time  since  in  the  cemetery  of  LenSf  about 
a  metre  below  the  depth  generally  appro- 
priated for  receiving  bodies.  The  body, 
which  fell  to  dust  when  exposed  to  the 
air,  was  supposed  to  have  been  that  of  a 
person  of  rank,  from  a  certain  quantity 
of  jewels  found  with  it.  They  consist  of 
a  pair  of  ear-rings,  a  brooch,  two  cloak 
clasps,  a  large  pin,  and  a  bulla  or  medal • 
lion,  all  of  gold.  Several  are  covered  with 
rose-coloured  quartz,  exceedingly  thin, 
and  having  imitation  pearls  and  coloured 
stones  at  the  corners.  The  workmanship, 
though  not  remarkable  for  excellence, 
produces  a  good  effect.  The  clasps  are 
covered  over  with  fine  tracery  of  gold, 
giving  the  appearance  of  network.  The 
whole  of  these  articles  were  submitted  by 
M.  Villemain,  to  whom  they  had  been 
sent  by  the  Prefect  of  the  Pas- de-Calais, 
to  the  Historical  Committee  of  Paris.  The 
opinion  given  by  the  committee  is,  that 
the  objects  date  from  the  time  of  the 
Merovingian  race,  and  that  they  formed 
the  ornaments  of  a  princess.  This 
opinion  agrees  with  the  tradition  handed 
down,  that  Lens  was  formerly  inhabited 
by.  the  Merovingian  princes. 

The  Minister  of  Public  Instruction  has 

issued  a  decree  for   the  formation  of  an 

honorary  commission,   charged  with  the 

publication  of  a  general  collection  of  Latin 

10 


inscriptions,  comprising,  for  each  of  the 
different  ages  of  Roman  antiquity,  all  in- 
scriptions capable  of  throwing  light  on 
history,  whether  in  a  religious,  military, 
civil,  or  domestic  view.  Correspondents 
at  home  and  abroad  are  to  be  named,  to 
assist  in  perfecting  the  work  ;  and  it  is  at 
present  intended  to  bring  the  collection 
down  to  the  close  of  the  sixth  Christian 
century. 

EGYPTIAN   ANTIQUITIES. 

A  letter  from  Dr.  Lepsius,  a  member 
of  the  scientific  expedition  sent  by  the 
King  of  Prussia  to  Egypt,  has  just  an- 
nounced that  the  ruins  of  the  ancient 
Labyrinth  and  of  the  Pyramid  of  Moeris 
have  been  discovered.  The  account  states 
that  former  descriptions,  particularly  of 
Messrs.  Jomard  and  Coutelle,  by  no 
means  agree  with  the  real  localities,  and 
that  the  drawing  of  Mr.  Perring,  Colonel 
Wyse's  clever  architect,  gives  but  a  poor 
idea  of  the  existing  ruins.  There  are 
some  hundreds  of  chambers  standing,  with 
walls  of  from  fifteen  to  twenty  feet  high, 
and  the  name  of  Moeris  has  been  fre- 
quently found  amongst  the  inscriptions. 
Dr.  Lepsius  says  that  the  supposition  of 
Manethan,  that  this  monarch  belonged  to 
the  twelth  dynasty,  is  confirmed.  The 
supposition  that  the  ancient  lake  of  Moeris 
was  at  Birke-el-Kernn  is  found  to  be  in- 
correct. The  immense  embankment,  160 
feet  wide,  of  the  real  lake  has  been  dis- 
covered by  M.  Linant,  a  French  architect 
in  the  service  of  the  Pacha.  It  was  used  as 
a  reservoir  for  the  waters  of  the  Nile,  in 
order  to  pour  them  out  in  times  of  drought 
over  the  plains  of  Memphis  and  the  pro-* 
vinces  bordering  on  the  Delta. 


CHINESE    ANTIQUITIES. 

.  Aug,  11.  A  Berlin  correspondent  of 
the  DSbats  yrriteSt  "  M.  Gutzlaff,  the  mis- 
sionary in  China,  states,  that  the  art  of 
constructing  buildings  of  cast  iron,  of 
which  the  English  pretend  to  have  lately 
been  the  discoverers,  has  been  practised 
for  centuries  in  the  Chinese  empire.  On 
a  hill  near  the  town  of  Tsing  Kiang,  in 
the  province  of  Kiang  Nan,  is  a  pagoda 
entirely  of  cast  iron,  covered  with  bas- 
reliefs  and  inscriptions,  which,  from  their 
forms,  characters,  and  dates,  are  as  old  as 
the  dynasty  of  Tang,  which  is  as  far 
back  as  from  the  5th  to  the  10th  century 
of  the  Christian  aera.  It  is  an  octagonal 
pyramid,  40  feet  high  and  8  in  diameter 
at  the  base.  It  has  seven  stories,  each 
with  curious  historical  pictures.  This 
elegant  building  surpasses  everything  M, 
Gutzlaff  had  before  seen  in  China, 


305 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


House  of  Commons. 

July  31,  Sir  J,  Graham  moved  the 
second  reading  of  the  Church  of  Scot- 
land Benefices  Bill.  Mr.  Wallace 
proposed  as  an  amendment  that  it  be 
read  that  day  three  months.  On  a  divi- 
sion,  there  were  for  amendment,  80 
— against  it,  98  —  majority  for  second 
reading,  18. 

Auff.  4.  Sir  G,  Clerk  proposed  a  com- 
pensation for  the  opium  delivered  up  by 
the  merchants  at  Canton  in  1839,  on  the 
requisition  of  Captain  Elliott.  Govern, 
ment  having  received  six  millions  of  dol- 
lars  from  the  Chinese,  they  proposed 
to  pay  to  the  owners  of  the  opium 
1,281,311/.  After  some  discussion  the 
resolution  was  carried  by  a  majority  of  4»7. 

j^uff,  7.  In  a  Committee  of  Supply, 
the  sum  of  821,020/.  was  voted  to  reim- 
burse  the  East  India  Company  for  their 
advances  for  the  expenses  of  the  expedi- 
tion to  China. 

Auff,  9.  On  a  division,  the  third 
reading  of  the  Irish  Arms  Bill  was 
carried  by  a  majority  of  66. 

Aug.  10.  Mr.  Gladstone  moved  the 
second  reading  of  a  Free  Trade  Bill, 
for  removing  the  remaining  restraint  on 
the  exportation  of  machinery.  This  was 
opposed  by  Mr.  Hindley,  but  after  a 
division  the  motion  was  carried.  The 
second  reading  of  Sir  H,  Hardinge^a  Bill, 
empowering  Government  to  call  out  and 
arm  the  out-pensioners  of  Chelsea  Hos- 
pital, was  carried  by  a  majority  of  49,  in 
a  house  of  57  members  only. 

Aug,  11.  The  Church  of  Scotland 
Benefices  Bill,  and  The  Poor  He- 
lief  (Ireland)  Bill,  were  read  the  third 
time  and  passed.  The  Apprehension 
OF  Offenders  (American)  and  The 
Apprehension  of  Offenders  (France) 
Bills,  went  through  Committees.  On 
the  former  a  discussion  was  raised  on  the 
subject  of  surrendering  fugitive  slaves 
claiming  British  protection,  and  who 
might  be  demanded  by  their  masters  un- 
der the  pretence  that  they  were  criminals ; 
but  it  was  answered  by  Sir  Robert  Peel 
and  Lord  Stanley,  contending  that  the 
evident  anxiety  of  the  Government  of  the 
United  States  for  the  Suppression  of  the 
Slave  Trade  was  a  sufficient  guarantee 
that  no  unfair  means  could  successfully  be 
resorted  to. 

Aug,  14.    Thb  Municipal  Corpora- 
tions (Ireland)  Bill  was  read  tho  thiid 
Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


time  and  passed.  On  Sir  Henry  Hard' 
inge  moving  that  The  Chelsea  Pen- 
sioners Bill  go  into  Committee  it  was 
opposed  by  a  few  members  on  the  view 
of  its  being  an  unconstitutional  measure ; 
but  the  motion  was  finally  carried  by  a 
large  majority,  consisting  of  both  parties. 

Aug,  15.  The  Apprehension  of 
Offenders  (America)  and  The  Ap- 
prehension OF  Offenders  (France) 
Bills  were  read  the  third  time  and  passed. 

Aug,  18.  The  Chelsea  Hospital 
Out- Pensioners  Bill,  The  Episco- 
pal Functions  Bill,  and  The  Defa- 
mation AND  Libel  Bill,  were  read  the 
third  time  and  passed.  The  latter  with 
amendments.  The  business  of  the 
House  of  Commons  may  be  considered 
to  have  closed  at  this  date,  sitting  only 
an  hour  or  two  each  day  to  enable  the 
upper  Hou^e  to  pass  their  Bills  through 
the  various  stages. 


House  of  Lords,  July  21. 

A  Bill  for  Legalising  Presbyterian 
Marriages  in  Ireland  was  read  the 
third  time,  and  passed. 

Aug,  15.  Lord  Monteagle  moved  some 
resolutions  of  which  he  had  given  notice^ 
relating  to  the  financial  prospects  of  the 
country.  The  noble  lord  reviewed  the 
arguments  used  to  overthrow  the  late 
Government,  and  retorted  on  the  present 
that  the  same  applied  with  double  force 
to  them,  as  they  possessed  the  confidence 
of  Parliament  in  a  greater  degree  than 
any  Government  in  the  whole  history  of 
the  country.  Although  by  the  imposi- 
tion of  the  income  tax  there  was  to  be  a 
surplus  revenue  of  520,000/. ,  yet  it  turned 
out  that  there  was  an  actual  deficiency  of 
2,421,000/.  making  the  error  of  the  esti- 
mate no  less  than  2,940,000/. ;  and  this 
without  including  payments  from  China, 
and  1,300,000  from  corn  duties,  neither 
of  which  could  have  been  contemplated 
when  the  estimate  was  formed.  The 
noble  lord  also  noticed  the  deficiencies 
that  had  occurred  in  various  branches  of 
revenue,  as  coals,  Irish  spirits,  and  other 
articles  of  consumption,  likewise  on  tim- 
ber, where  the  deficiency  was  680,()00/» 
He  concluded  by  a  general  ai^gument  in 
favour  of  free  trade.— The  Duke  of  Wei* 
lington,  in  the  absence  of  the  President 
of  the  Board  of  Control,  through  illness, 
apologised  fot  the  little  knowledge  he 


306 


Proceedings  in  Parliament. 


[Sept. 


possessed  on  a  subject  so  foreign  to  his 
general  pursuits,  and,  while  he  admitted 
that  the  estimate  was  fallacious,  argued 
that  all  budgets  were  liable  to  error. 
Neither  customs  nor  excise  had  produced 
the  amount  expected  of  them,  and 
what  they  had  gained  by  the  corn  duties 
only  made  up  for  the  deficiency  in  the 
malt  duty.  The  duty  on  wine  and  spirits 
had  fallen  off  considerably,  which  was  to 
be  attributed  to  increased  habits  of  tem- 
perance. He  concluded  by  denying  the 
correctness  of  the  resolutions  as  to  facts, 
and,  having  every  confidence  in  the  re- 
sources of  the  country,  hoped  the  House 
would  reject  the  motion. — The  motion 
was  negatived  without  a  division. — The 
remainder  of  the  proceedings  of  the 
House  of  Lords  contains  nothing  worthy 
of  interest,  being  merely  the  passing  of  a 
great  number  of  bills  (chiefly  private) 
through  their  stages. 

Auff.  22.  The  Royal  Assent  was  given  by 
commission  to  the  following  Bills  : — The 
Stamp  Duties,  the  Customs  Duties,  the 
Cathedral  Churches  (Wales),  Episcopal 
Fuikctions,  Militia  Pay,  Apprehension 
of  Offenders  (France),  Apprehension  of 
Offenders  (America),  China  Government, 
Holyrood  Park,  Fisheries,  Law  of 
Evidence,  Attorneys*and  Solicitors*  Suits, 
Warrants  of  Attorney,  Hackney  and 
Stage  Coaches,  Copyright  of  Designs, 
Coroners*  Duties,  Theatres  Regulations, 
Turnpike  Acts  Amendment,  Coal- 
whippers,  Limerick  Church,  Affidavits 
^cotland  and  Ireland),  Arms  Qreland^ 
Grand  Jury  Presentments  (Ireland), 
Sessions  of  the  Peace,  Dublin  Court  of 
Exchequer,  Lagan  Navigation,  Belfast 
Railway,  Ardrossan  Improvement,  Glas- 
gow Marine  Insurance  Company  Incorpo- 
ration, North  Esk  Reservoir,  and  Surrey 
Roads ;  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury*s  Estate, 
Mu8grave*s  Divorce,  and  Hill*s  Estate. 

Auff,  24.  The  Royal  Assent  was 
given  by  Her  Majesty,  in  person,  to 
the  Bill  for  granting  11,132,000/.  of  Ex- 
chequer Bills  for  the  service  of  1843,  and 
for  granting  relief  to  the  West  Indies; 
the  Appropriation  and  Consolidated  Fund 
Bill,  the  Defamation  and  Libel  Law 
Amendment  Bill,  the  Foreign  Jurisdiction 
Bill,  the  Bill  for  more  effectually  Sup- 
pressing the  Slave  Trade,  the  Municipal 
Corporations  Bill  for  England  and  Wales, 
the  Bill  for  Appointing  Commissioners 
to  inquire  into  Bribery  at  Sudbury,  the 
/' Public  Notaries  Bill,  the  Chelsea  Pen- 
sioners Bill,  the  Poor  Relief  (Ireland) 
Bill,  the  Charitable  Loan  Societies 
(Ireland)  Bill,  the  Municipal  Corporation 
(Ireland)  Bill,  the  Liverpool  Fire  Bill, 
the  British  Iron  Company's  Bill,  and 
Miller's  Estate  Bill. 


After  which  Her  Majesty  prorogued 
Parliament,  with  the  following  Speech  : — 

**  My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, — The 
state  of  public  business  enables  me  to 
close  this  protracted  Session,  and  to  re- 
lease you  from  further  attendance  on  your 
parliamentary  duties. 

**  I  thank  you  for  the  measures  you 
have  adopted  for  enabling  me  to  give  full 
effect  to  the  several  treaties  which  I  have 
concluded  with  foreign  powers. 

"  I  have  given  my  cordial  assent  to  the 
Bill  which  you  presented  to  me  for  in- 
creasing the  means  of  spiritual  instruction 
in  populous  parishes,  by  making  a  portion 
of  the  revenues  of  the  Church  available 
for  the  endowment  of  additional  minis- 
ters. 

**  I  confidently  trust  that  the  wise  and 
benevolent  intentions  of  the  legislature 
will  be  aided  by  the  zeal  and  liberality  of 
my  subjects,  and  that  better  provision 
will  thus  be  made  for  public  worship,  and 
for  pastoral  superintendence,  in  many 
districts  of  the  country. 

**  I  view  with  satisfaction  the  passing 
of  the  Act  for  removing  doubts  respect- 
ing the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Church  of 
Scotland  in  the  admission  of  ministers, 
and  for  securing  to  the  people  and  to  the 
Courts  of  the  Church  the  full  exercise  of 
their  respective  rights. 

**  It  is  my  earnest  hope  that  this  mea- 
sure will  tend  to  restore  religious  peace 
in  Scotland,  and  to  avert  the  dangers 
which  have  threatened  a  sacred  institu- 
tion of  the  utmost  importance  to  the  hap. 
piness  and  welfare  of  that  part  of  my  do- 
minions. 

**  I  continue  to  receive  from  all  Foreign 
Powers  assurances  of  their  friendly  dis- 
position, and  of  their  earnest  desire  for 
the  maintenance  of  peace. 

"  Gentlemen  of  the  House  of  Com- 
mons,— I  thank  you  for  the  readiness  and 
liberality  with  which  you  have  voted  the 
supplies  for  the  current  year.  It  will  be 
my  constant  object  to  combine  a  strict 
regard  to  economy  with  the  consideration 
which  is  due  to  the  exigencies  of  the 
public  service. 

"  My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, — In 
some  districts  of  Wales  the  public  peace 
has  been  interrupted  by  lawless  combina- 
tions and  disturbances  unconnected  with 
political  causes. 

**  I  have  adopted  the  measures  which  I 
deemed  best  calculated  for  the  repression 
of  outrage  and  for  the  detection  and 
punishment  of  the  offenders. 

**"  I  have  at  the  same  time  directed  an 
inquiry  to  be  made  into  the  circumstances 
which  have  led  to  insubordination  and 
violence  in  a  part  of  the  country  usually 


1843.] 


Foreign  News. 


307 


distinguished  for  good  order  and  willing 
obedience  to  the  law. 

"I  have  observed  with  the  deepest 
concern  the  persevering  eBforts  which  are 
made  to  stir  up  discontent  and  disaffec- 
tion among  my  subjects  in  Ireland ;  and 
to  excite  them  to  demand  a  Repeal  of 
the  Legislative  Union. 

**  It  has  been,  and  ever  will  be,  ray 
earnest  desire  to  administer  the  govern- 
ment  of  that  country  in  a  spirit  of  strict 
justice  and  impartiality,  and  to  co-operate 
with  Parliament  in  effecting  such  amend- 
ments of  existing  laws  as  may  tend  to 
improve  the  social  condition  and  to  de- 
velope  the  natural  resources  of  Ireland. 

**  From  a  sincere  conviction  that  the 
Legislative  Union  is  not  less  essential  to 
the  attainment  of  these  objects  than  to 
the  strength  and  stability  of  the  empire, 
it  is  my  firm  determination,  with  your 
support,  and  under  the  blessing  of  Divine 


Providence,  to  maintain  inviolate  that 
great  bond  of  connection  between  the 
two  countries. 

**  I  have  forborne  from  requiring  any 
additional  powers  for  the  counteraction  of 
designs  hostile  to  the  concord  and  wel- 
fare of  my  dominions,  as  well  from  my 
unwillingness  to  distrust  the  efficacy  of 
the  ordinary  law,  as  from  my  reliance  on 
the  good  sense  and  patriotism  of  my 
people,  and  on  the  solemn  declarations  of 
Parliament  in  support  of  the  Legislative 
Union. 

**  I  feel  assured  that  those  of  my  faith- 
ful subjects  who  have  influence  and  au- 
thority in  Ireland,  will  discourage  to  the 
utmost  of  their  power  a  system  of  perni- 
cious agitation,  which  disturbs  the  indus- 
try and  retards  the  improvement  of  that 
country,  and  excites  feelings  of  mutual 
distrust  and  animosity  betweeen  different 
classes  of  my  people.' 


»> 


FOREIGN  NEWS. 


SPAIN. 

The  political  career  of  Espartero  is  at 
an  end  for  the  present.  The  news  of 
the  surrender  of  Madrid,  on  the  24th 
July,  reached  him  on  the  afternoon  of 
the  25th,  and  immediately  he  raised  the 
siege  of  Seville,  and  started  for  Cadiz, 
with  400  cavalry.  He  was  pursued  to 
Port  St.  Mary's  by  General  Concha,  at 
the  head  of  500  horse,  who  arrived  on 
the  strand  only  five  minutes  after  the 
Regent  had  embarked  in  a  boat  for  the 
English  ship  Malabar,  of  72  guns.  No- 
gueros,  Gomez,  and  a  few  other  officers 
escaped  with  him  ;  but  many  officers  were 
taken  prisoners  in  a  skirmish.  Thus  has 
ended  this  revolution  in  the  short  space 
of  65  days.  Barcelona,  however,  still  re 
mains  in  open  insurrection  against  the 
new  government.  The  Cortes  have  been 
convoked  by  the  Lopez  Cabinet  for  the 
1 5th  of  October.  Ten  judges  of  the 
Supreme  Civil  Court  have  been  dis- 
missed. The  Duke  of  Baylen  assumed 
on  the  30th  the  functions  of  guardian  of 
the  Queen  and  the  Princess  her  sister. 
The  new  Ministry  have  adopted  the 
decided  course  of  declaring  Queen  Isa- 
bella of  a^e  after  the  meeting  of  the 
Cortes.  1  he  Queen  has  assented  to  the 
proposal.  Espartero  has  published  a 
manifesto  declaring  he  had  not  infringed 
the  laws  and  was  not  disposed  to  resign 
as  chief  magistrate.  He  was  not  allowed 
to  land  at  Lisbon.  The  Promedieus 
went  tQ  Havre  fpr  the  Duchess,  who,  as 


soon  as  she  got  on  the  deck,  threw  her- 
self into  her  husband's  arms.  The  Pro- 
metheus then  proceeded  to  Woolwich. 
Sir  F.  Collier,  the  Capt.  Superintendent, 
proceeded  on  board  and  complimented 
the  Regent.  Shortly  after  Lord  Blora- 
field,  Commandant  of  the  Royal  Arsenal, 
paid  his  respects.  The  whole  party  then 
proceeded  in  one  of  the  Waterman  Com- 
pany's small  steamers  to  Hungerford 
Wharf,  and  on  landing  went  to  Mivart's 
Hotel.  Col.  Wylde,  equerry  to  Prince 
Albert,  had  a  lengthened  interview  with 
him.  The  next  day  the  hotel  was  be- 
sieged by  all  ranks.  The  Duke  of  Wel- 
lington, Lord  Aberdeen,  and  Sir  Robert 
Peel,  visited  the  Regent;  and  the  Com- 
mon Council  of  London  are  to  be  isum- 
moned  to  welcome  his  arrival.  The  Re- 
gent has  since  paid  a  visit  to  her  Majesty 
at  Windsor. 

PORTUGAL. 

The  Queen  of  Portugal  was  safely  de- 
livered of  a  Princess  on  the  21st,  an 
event  which  was  celebrated  with  much 
public  rejoicing. 

ALGIERS. 

After  a  a  great  number  of  razzias  and 
engagements  General  Bugeaud  has  suc- 
ceeded in  procuring  the  submission  of  the 
Flitas,  a  tribe  40,000  strong. 

SERVIA. 

The  two  deposed  ministers  have  deter- 
mined to  leave  Servia,  and  reside  on  tb^ 


308 


Domestic  Occurrences, 


[Sept, 


Turkish  fVontier.  This  will  probably 
satisfy  Russia,  and  lead  to  the  final  set- 
tlemetit  of  the  Servian  question. 


UNITED  STATES. 

Gen.  Cass,  late  Minister  in  France, 
avowedly  hostile  to  England,  has  revived 
the  Or^on  movement.  The  opinion  is 
in  favour  of  seizing  the  disputed  territory, 
without  negotiation,  treaty,  or  reference. 

ANTIGUA. 

Dr.  Davis  was  installed  Bishop  of  An- 
tigua,  in  the  cathedral,  on  the  12th  of 
July.  While  at  Madeira  he  held  a  con- 
firmation when  82  persons  received  that 
iioly  rite.  Dr.  Davis  is  the  first  Bishop 
who  has  administered  confirmation  at 
Madeira. 

INDIA. 

Scinde  is  now  nearly  pacified  by  the 
measures  adopted  by  Sir  C.  Napier,  its 
present  governor.  He  has  made  terms 
with  most  of  the  Chiefs,  and  even  Meer 
Shere  Mahomed  has  offered  to  make  sub- 
mission, provided  he  could  have  his  pri- 
vate property  secured  to  him.  The  ex- 
Ameers  have  been  removed  from  Bom- 
imy  to  Sassoor.  The  most  dangerous  of 
them  was  a  prisoner  in  the  castle  of  Surat. 
Dost  Mahomed  had  reached  Cabool, 
where  he  has  resumed  the  government, 
li>ut  some  of  the  chiefs  are  at  variance 
^ith  him.    Lord  Ellenborough  left  Agra 


on  the  30th  of  May  for  Calcutta.  In  the 
interior  of  India  tranquillity  prevails. 

Alleged  Excesaes  in  Affghanietan, — Sir 
W.  Nott  has,  in  his  answer  to  questions 
sent  him  by  Government  through  the  Ad- 
jutant-General, very  indignantly,  and 
most  completely  and  triumphantly,  re- 
pelled the  calumnies  circulated  in  India 
and  in  England  on  this  subject.  In  con- 
clusion, he  says,  *^  I  have  confined  my 
reply  for  the  present  as  much  as  possible 
to  the  questions  in  your  letter.  I  will 
only  further  say,  that  never  did  an  army 
mardi  through  a  country  with  less  ma- 
rauding and  less  violence  than  that  which 
I  commanded  in  Afighanistan.  In  Lower 
Affgbanistan,  or  the  Candahar  districts, 
I  put  down  rebellion — quelled  all  resist- 
ance to  the  British  power — ^in  spite  of  the 
fears  and  weaknesses  of  my  superiors. 
By  mild  persuasive  measures  I  induced 
the  whole  population  to  return  to  the 
cultivation  of  their  lands,  and  to  live  in 
peace.  I  left  them  as  friends,  and  on 
friendly  terms.  On  my  leaving  Canda- 
har no  man  was  injured  or  molested,  no 
man  was  deprived  of  his  property,  and 
my  soldiers  and  the  citizens  were  seen 
embracing.** 

Earthquake, — A  letter  from  Tabriz 
brings  the  disastrous  account  of  an  earth- 
quake  having  nearly  destroyed  the  whole 
of  the  town  of  Khoi,  between  the  Lake 
of  Umia  and  Persia,  by  which  upwards 
of  a  thousand  people  perished. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


Explosion  on  Board  the  Campeb- 
'down. — July  13.  An  explosion,  at- 
tended with  the  loss  of  three  lives,  took 
place  on  board  this  ship,  lying  off  Sheer- 
ness.  At  the  inquiry  it  was  found  that 
the  catastrophe  occurred  from  the  ex- 
plosion of  the  portable  magazine  called  the 
salt-box.  As  the  vessel  containing  their 
Majesties  of  Belgium  passed  by,  the 
Camperdown  fired  a  royal  salute.  The 
last  gun  of  the  salute  had  missed  fire; 
another  was  fired  in  its  stead,  but  both 
went  off,  and  the  explosion  almost  ac- 
companied them.  It  was  afterwards 
found  that  a  salt-box,  which  contained 
the  cartridges  used  for  the  morning  and 
evening  guns,  had  blown  up,  it  at  the  time 
containing  from  30  to  40  lbs.  of  powder. 
The  salt-boxes  were  closed  by  heavy 
lids,  and  no  one  could  give  any  explana- 
tion whatever  of  the  manner  in  which  the 
powder  could  have  ignited.  The  un- 
fortunate sufferers  were  two  ladies.  Miss 
'Yerker  and  Miss  Barton  (who  had 
^^ome  on  board  to  witness  the  passage  of 


the  King  and  Queen  of  the  Belgians),  and 
Samuel  West,  a  seaman. 

July  13.  The  Sherborne  Mercurv 
gives  an  account  of  violent  thunder  which 
visited  that  neighbourhood  in  the  after- 
noon. The  effects  of  the  storm  were 
most  destructively  felt  at  Mamhull, 
Several  labourers  engaged  in  the  fields, 
haymaking,  had  taken  shelter  from  the 
storm  under  a  tree  with  a  waggon- 
load  of  hay,  and  were  struck  by  the 
electric  fluid.  One  of  them  was  killed 
on  the  spot,  another  struck  blind,  and 
four  others,  with  one  woman,  very  seri- 
ously injured.  The  waggon  and  hay 
were  entirely  consumed,  and  the  whole 
ground  torn  up  as  though  a  plough  had 
passed  through  it.  The  storm  was  ac- 
companied by  a  fall  of  hailstones  of  an 
extraordinary  size.  In  many  places  they 
were  picked  up  measuring  from  three  to 
six  inches  in  circumference. 

July  19.  The  Pegasus  steamer,  from 
Hull  to  Leith,  struck  on  the  Feme  rocks, 
and  was  completely  lest.    Of  the  crew 


1 843.] 


Domestic  Occurrences. 


309 


and  passengers  at  least  50  met  a  watery 
grave— only  four  escaped;  the  engineer, 
two  of  the  erew,  and  one  passenger. 
Among  those  lost  were  Mr.  Elton  the 
actor;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mackenzie,  of  Glas- 
gow, a  man  of  talent  and  piety,  tutor  in 
the  Independent  Seminary  and  editor 
of  the  Congregational  Magazine ;  Mr. 
Banks ;  Mr.  Elliot  and  son ;  Mr.  Mozham ; 
Mr.  Milne;  Mr.  David  Whimster,  a 
young  man  about  to  be  ordained  in  the 
Wesleyan  connexion ;  Mr.  James  Hun- 
ter ;  Mr.  Martin,  and  son,  of  London  ; 
Mr.  G.  Aird ;  Mr.  Torres ;  Mrs.  Eding- 
ton;  Miss  Hopetoun;  Miss  Flower; 
Miss  Briggs ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M'Leod,  &c. 

July  19.  The  long  announced  visit  of 
his  Royal  Highness  Prince  Albert  to 
Bristol,  to  be  present  at  the  floating  of 
the  great  iron  steam  ship  the  "  Great 
Britain,"  took  place  this  day.  His  Royal 
Highness  in  his  progress  staid  a  short . 
time  at  Bath,  where  he  was  presented 
with  a  loyal  address  by  the  mayor  and 
corporation.  On  arriving  at  Bristol  a 
second  address  was  presented  to  His 
Royal  Highness,  who  was  every  where 
received  with  the  warmest  demonstra- 
tions of  loyalty.  The  launch  of  the 
**  Great  Britain ''  took  place  a  little  after 
three  o'clock;  and  the  Prince  and  his 
suite  having  seen  the  vessel  into  her  tem- 
porary loc^ty,  immediately  took  their 
departure  for  London. 

Aug.  9.  A  dreadful  storm  of  thunder, 
lightning,  rain,  and  hail,  passed  over 
Berki,  Beds,  and  parts  of  Wilts,  which 
did  great  damage.  At  Wantage,  Shot, 
&c.  1 ,000  windows  were  broken  by  pieces 
of  ice  of  irregular  shape  three  inches  in 
circumference,  some  an  inch  and  a  half 
Jong,  by  half  an  inch  wide.  At  TAet' 
ford,  the  lightning  and  thunder  were 
awful,  together  witn  immense  hailstones 
and  large  pieces  of  ice,  with  such 
torrents  of  rain  as  were  never  before 
remembered.  The  storm  lasted  twenty 
minutes,  flooding  every  street,  and  in- 
undating the  ground-floors  of  very  many 
houses.  The  damage  done  to  the  win- 
dows was  extraordinary,  besides  wash- 
ing down  banks  and  old  walls.  In  the 
neighbourhood  very  great  damage  was 
done  to  the  standing  corn,  literally  thrash- 
ing it  to  a  great  extent,  besides  sweeping 
away  acres  of  turnips.  During  the  next 
day  were  seen  large  heaps  of  hailstones 
and  pieces  of  ice  under  the  hedges  and 
among  the  corn. 

Aug.  19.  Mo  less  than  seven  fires  oc- 
curred in  London  on  the  same  night.  A 
fire  in  Tooley-street  was  the  most  exten- 
sive. It  broke  out  in  the  premises  of 
Messrs.  Ward,  oilmen,  near  the  entrance 
•  of  Topping's  wharf,  which  were  totally 


destroyed.  Loss  10,000/.  It  then  con- 
sumed the  shot-tower  lately  used  as  Wat- 
son's telegraph,  and  afterwards  caught 
the  roof  of  St.  Olave's  church,  no  part  of 
which,  but  the  bare  walls,  are  left  stand- 
ing. The  premises  of  Messrs.  Scovell's, 
Topping's  wharf,  were  also  totally  de- 
stroyed. Loss  20,000/.  The  total  loss 
is  estimated  at  50,000/.  Some  of  the 
vessels  lying  near  the  wharf  were  injured 
before  they  could  be  moved  off.  The 
next  fire  noticeable  was  remarkable  for  a 
melancholy  loss  of  life.  It  took  place  in 
the  premises  of  Mr.  Newberry,  Fetter- 
lane,  operative  chemist  and  firework 
manufacturer.  The  first  alarm  was  a 
loud  explosion,  which  blew  the  front  shop 
and  its  contents  into  the  street.  Mr. 
Newberry  appeared  at  the  second  floor 
window,  and  precipitated  himself  into  th» 
street.  He  was  taken  to  Bartholomew's 
Hospital,  but  on  his  arrival  there  had 
ceased  to  live.  Several  females  ap- 
peared at  the  windows,  whose  cries  for 
help  were  piteous,  but  explosions  were 
constantly  taking  place,  and  no  help  could 
be  given,  and  they  unfortunately  perished 
in  the  flames.  The  persons  lost  were 
Mr.  Newberry  (as  before  stated^,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Rose,  Miss  M'Crindell,  and 
Miss  Eliza  M'Crindell. 

Aug,  25.  Mr.  Gulliver,  the  surgeon, 
and  Lieut.  Wm.  Holland  Leckie  Cuddy, 
were  indicted  at  the  Old  Bailey  for  the 
murder  of  Col.  Fa wcett.  The  Attorney- 
General  was  of  opinion  that  the  capital 
charge  could  not  be  sustained  as  con- 
cerned Mr.  Gulliver,  and  he  was  there- 
fore discharged  to  become  a  witness  on 
behalf  of  the  crown.  The  trial  of  Lieut. 
Cuddy  then  proceeded.  The  Attorney. 
General  stated  fully  the  case,  and  Air. 
Gulliver  was  examined,  as  were  the  other 
witnesses.  Mr.  Serjeant  Shea  addressed 
the  jury  for  the  prisoner.  Mr.  Justice 
Williams  summed  up,  and  answered 
several  questions  put  bv  the  Jury,  who 
retired,  and,  after  two  Lours  and  a  half, 
pronounced  a  verdict  of  Not  Ouiltg, 

SOUTH  WALES. 

The  outrages  in  this  part  of  the  country 
are  fewer,  partly  from  the  presence  of 
large  bodies  of  troops,  and  partly  because 
not  many  gates  are  left  to  destroy.  But 
the  discontent  of  the  people  appears  in 
no  degree  abated,  and  the  statements 
made  show  that  the  tolls  are  a  real 
grievance,  which  must  be  to  some  extent 
at  least  removed  before  a  return  of 
tranquillitv  can  be  hoped  for.  Some  facti 
adduced  show  that  the  expense  of  con- 
veying agricultural  produce  to  the  public 
markets  is  ruinous,  owing  to  the  neavy 
tolls  demanded  on  the  road. 


310 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Gazette  Promotions. 

July  24.  Edw.  Oldnall,  of  Worcester,  g^ent. 
to  tesnfy  his  f^tefnl  regard  to  the  memory  of 
Frances  Wolley,  of  Worcester,  spinster,  and 
T.  Wolley,  late  of  Southampton-row.  Middle- 
sex, esq.  to  take  the  stimame  of  Wolley,  after 
that  of  Oldnall,  and  bear  the  arms  of  Wolley, 
quarterly,  with  his  own  family  arms. 

July  28.  6th  Rest.  Dras^oons,  brevet  Col. 
James  M*Alpine,  to  be  Lieut.-Col.— Major 
Willoughby  Moore,  to  be  Lieut.-CJol.— Brevet 
Muor  Fred.  WoUaston,  to  be  Major.— 90th 
Foot,  Brevet  Lieut.-Ck)l.  Herbert  Vaughan,  to 
be  Major.— Brevet,  Capt.  W.  E.  Pickwick ; 
Capt.  Constantine  Yeoman ;  and  Capt.  James 
Lynn,  to  be  Majors  in  the  Army. 

Aug.  1.  The  Duke  of  Northumberland  to  be 
Constable  of  the  Castle  of  LAunceston. 

Aug,  2.  Sir  John  Stewart  Richardson,  Bart, 
to  be  Secretary  to  the  Order  of  the  Thistle. 

Aug.  3.  41st  Regiment  of  Foot  to  bear  on  its 
regimental  or  second  colour,  and  likewise  on 
its  appointments,  the  word  "Candahar,"  and 
the  figures  "1842,"  underwritten,  in  com- 
memoration of  the  gallant  conduct  of  the  Re- 
giment in  the  action  fought  in  the  cantonments 
at  Candahar,  in  Affghanistan.  on  the  29th  May 
1842,  a  similar  distinction  having  been  con- 
ferred by  the  Governor*General  of  India  on 
the  East  India  Company's  troops  employed 
on  the  same  service.— Brevet  Capt.  Hood 
Richards,  to  be  Major  in  the  Army. 

Aug.  4.  Mr.  George  Brown  approved  of  as 
Consul  in  London  for  the  Repubhc  of  Chile. 

Aug.  7.  Louisa,  widow  of  Charles  Bellamy, 
esq.  sister  of  Viscount  Kenmure,  to  have  the 
same  title,  place,  pre-eminence  and  prece- 
dence as  if  her  father,  Adam  Gordon,  esq.  had 
succeeded  to  the  said  title  of  Vise.  Kenmure. 

Aug.  9.  North  Somerset  Regiment  of  Yeo- 
manry Cavalry,  William  Miles,  esq.  to  be 
Colonel ;  James  Bennet,  esq.  to  be  Lieut.-Col. 

Aug.  10.  Sir  Thomas  Gage,  of  Hengrave- 
hall,  Suffolk,  and  of  Coldham-hall,  in  the  same 
county,  Bsurt.  in  compliance  with  a  direction 
in  the  last  will  and  testament  of  his  late  uncle, 
J.  Gage  Rokewood,  esq.  to  take  the  surname 
of  RiStewood  before  that  of  Gage,  and  bear  the 
arms  of  Rokewood  quarterly,  in  the  second 
quarter,  with  those  of  Gage.— John  Towns- 
hend,  of  Lower  Grosvenor-street,  and  of  Chat- 
teris, CO.  Cambridge,  esq.  M.P.  for  Bodmin,  to 
discontinue  the  surname  of  Towushend.  and 
take  the  surnames  of  Dunn  Gardner,  and  bear 
and  use  the  arms  of  Dunn  and  Gardner  quar- 
terly.—Mr.  Girolamo  Tessi  approved  as  Ck)n- 
Bul  at  Malta  for  the  Queen  of  Portugal. 

Aug.  11.  Rev.  W.  Money,  of  Hom-honse, 
in  the  parish  of  Much-Marcle,  co.  Hereford,  of 
Whetham,  co.  Wilts,  and  of  Pitsford,  co.  North- 
ampton, to  evince  his  respect  for  the  memory 
of  his  ancestor.  Sir  John  Kyrle,  Bart,  deceased 
(whose  chief  estate  at  Much-Marcle  has  de- 
volved upon  him),  to  assume  the  surname  of 
Kyrle  after  that  of  Money,  and  also  bear  the 
arms  of  Kyrle  quarterly  with  those  of  his  own 
family. 

Aug.  14.  Christopher  Faulkner  Allen,  of 
Bury  Barns,  Burford,  co.  Oxford,  gent,  only 
son  of  Edward  Prascey  Allen,  of  King's-road, 
Chelsea,  co.  Middlesex,  gent,  by  Mary- Jordan, 
his  wife,  eldest  sister  and  coheir  of  W.  Faulk- 
ner, Uite  of  Bury  Barns,  aforesaid,  gent.  dec. 
to  take  the  sumanie  of  Faulkner  after  his 
present  namest 


Aug.  . . .  12th  Foot,  Miyor  John  Patton,  to 
be  Lieut.-Col. ;  Capt.  Sterling  Freeman  Glover, 
to  be  Major.— 31st  Foot,  Brevet  Major  John 
Byrne  tooe  Major. 

Aua.  ...  William  Burgoyne  Femell,  of 
Sheffield,  Solicitor,  appointed  one  of  the  Com- 
missioners for  taking  the  acknowledgments  of 
deeds  to  be  executed  l)y  married  women,  under 
the  Act  for  abolition  of  fines  and  recoveries. 


Matter*  Bxiraordinary   in   Chancery: — C. 
J.  Barnes,  of  Lamboum,  Berks,  Granville  Dig- 

gle  Hill,  of  Bath,  Robert  Walker,  of  Canter- 
ury,  W.  Howard  Arnold,  of  Birmingham, 
and  J.  Harward,  of  Stourbridge,  co.  Wor- 
cester. 


Naval  Promotions. 

Lieut.  George  Kenyon  (Madagascar,  1837)  to 
the  rank  of  Commander. 

Appointments. — Capt.  A.  R.  Sharpe,  C.B.  to 
the  Magnificent,  as  Commodore,  at  Jamaica. 
— Commander  Henry  Bagot,  to  the  Wasp. — 
Commander  H.  B.  Young,  from  the  Royal 
Naval  College,  to  command  the  Hydra. 

The  g^ood-service  pension  of  300/.  per  annum, 
which  reverted  to  the  Admiralty  by  the 
death  of  Rear-Admiral  Sir  James  HiUyer, 
has  been  conferred  on  Rear- Admiral  Sir 
Charles  Bullen,  K.C.B.,  K.C.H.  who  was 
captain  of  the  Britannia  at  Trafalgar. 

Members  returned  to  serve  in  Parliament. 

Durhan^— John  Bright,  esq. 

County  of  ^^— Alexander  Oswald,  esq. 


Ecclesiastical  Preferments. 

Rev.  M.  Dawson  Duffield,  to  the  Canonry  of 

St.  Barbara,  in  the  Church  of  Middleham. 
Rev.  E.  Melvill  to  the  office  of  Chancellor  of 

the  diocese  of  St.  David's. 
Rev.  W.  Alford.  Muchelney  P.C.  Somersetsh. 
Rev.  J.  Babington,  Thrussington  V.  Leic. 
Rev.  J.  Bramall,  Terrington  St.  John's  P.C. 

Norfolk. 
Rev.  E.  R.  Breton,  Charmouth  R.  Dorsetsh. 
Rev.  T.  C.  Browne.  Halse  V.  Somersetshire. 
Rev.  S.  Burrows,  Sheinton  R.  Salop. 
Rev.  J.  Cartwright,  Ferryhill  P.C.  Durham. 
Rev.  J.  Chell,  Kneesall  with  Boughton  V.  Notts. 
Rev.  W.  F.  Chilcott,  Monksilver  R.  Som. 
Rev.  S.  Coates,  Sowerby   near  Thirsk  P.C. 

Yorkshire. 
Rev.  M.  Cocken,  Norton  P.C.  near  Glouc. 
Rev.  E.  F.  Coke,  Plymstock  P.C.  Devon. 
Rev.  R.  Crosse,  Broomfield  P.C.  Som. 
Rev.  J.  T.  Fisher,  Uphill  R.  Som. 
Rev.  J.  Fumival,  Broadclist  V.  Devon. 
Rev.  A.  FuUerton,  Thrybergh  R.  Yorkshire. 
Rev.  W.  Hadfield,  Alsager  (Barthomley)  P.C. 

Cheshire. 
Rev.  J.  W.  Hatherell,  St.  James,  Wcstend, 

P.C.  near  Southampton. 
Rev.  J.  Herbert,  Leigh  P.C.  Surrey. 
Rev.  H.  T.  HiU,  Wohrerley  V.  Worcestershire. 
Rev.  R.  W.  Hippesley,  Stow  on  the  Wold  R. 

Gloucestershire. 
Rev.  W.  Hohnes,  New  Mill  P.C.  Yorkshire. 
Rev.  A.  Jem,  Rowington  V.  Warwickshire. 
Rev.  R.  Jenkyns,  Christ  Church  P.C.Tumham 

Green,  Middlesex. 
Rev.  J.  Jones,  Repton  P.C.  Derbyshire. 
Hev.  £.  jQwetti  Carlton  Miacott  P.C.  Yorksli, 


1843.] 


PrBferment8.--Births. 


Rev.  C.  Mellnish,  Hig^libray  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  C.  A.  Moore,  Kerry  V.  Montgomerysh. 
Rev.  J.  H.  North,  Herringfleet  V.  Suffolk. 
Rev.  H.  D.  Owen,  Penmon  and  Llanvaes  P.  C. 

Anglesea. 
Rev.  T.  Powell,  Dorstone  V.  Hereford. 
Rev.  F.  Pym,  Bickleigh  with  Sheeps  Tor  V. 

Devon. 
Rev.  A.  Pyne,  Roydon  V.  Essex. 
Rev.  W.  T.  A.  Radford,  Down  St.  Mary  R.  Dev. 
Rev.  R.  J.  Roberts,  Denbig^h  R. 
Rev.  H.  Snow,  Bilbury  V.  Gloucestershire. 
Rev.  J.  H.  Swainson,  Alresford  R.  Essex. 
Rev.  J.  E.  Troughton,  St.  John's  P.C.  Hawar- 

den,  Flintshire. 
Rev.  W.  R.  Turton,  Edingley  P.C.  Notts. 
Rev.  T.  T.  Upwood,  Terrington  St.  Clement's 

V.  Norfolk.     , 
Rev.  W.  Vernon,  Patcham  V.  Sussex. 
Rev.  W.  L.  WeddaU,  St.  James  Dunwich  P.C. 

Suffolk. 
Rev.  G.  Walker,  Belford  P.C.  Northumb. 
Rev.  J.  Waltham,  Out  Rawcliffe  P.C.  Lane 
Rev.  W.  Wigton,  Christ  Church,  Tean,  P.C. 

Checkley,  Staffordshire. 
Rev.  J.  Williams,  Thombury  V.  Herefordsh. 
Rev.  W.  J.  Wise,  Grandborouffh  V.  Warw. 
Rev.  A.  Wodehouse,  Crowne  Thorpe  R.  Norf. 

Chaplains. 
Rev.  Mr.  Cattley,  to  Female  Orphan  Asylum, 

Lambeth. 
Rev.  A.  Douglass,  to  Marq.  of  Westmeath. 
Rev.  C.  Floyer,  to  Lord  Sudeley. 
Rev.  W.  Mackenzie,  to  Duke  of  Sutherland. 
Rev.  J.  Rushbridger,  to  Duke  of  Richmond. 
Rev.  M.  £.  Wilson,  to  Earl  of  Auckland. 

Civil  Preferments. 
Rev.  J.  R.  Crawford,  M.A.  Head  Master  of 

Brompton  Grammar  School,  Middlesex. 
Rev.  J.  Robertson,  M.  A.  to  be  Master  of  St. 

Paul's  School.  Southsea. 
Rev.  R.  B.  Slipper,  M.A.    Head  Master  of 

Hingham  Free  School,  Norfolk. 


311 


of 


BIRTHS. 

Mau  27.  At  Howrah,  Cullan's  palace,  Ben- 
gal, the  wife  of  Capt.  W.  Napier,  a  son  and  heir. 

June2i,  At  Archangel,  the  wife  of  John 
Whitehead,  esq.  H.  B.  M.  Consul  at  that  Port, 
a  dau. 

Juiy  6.    At  Brompton,  Kent,  the  wife  of  I.  J. 

Valeant,  esq.  Capt.  40th  Rert.  a  dau. 8.  At 

Horton,  Bucks,  the  wife  of  George  T.  Bulke- 
ley,  esq.  a  dau.  still-born. 10.  At  New- 
port, the  wife  of  F.  A.  Disney  Roebuck,  esq. 

23rd  Royal   Welsh   Fusileers,    a  dau. At 

Truro,  the  wife  of  Thomas  Truman,  esq.  a  dau. 

14.  At  Bendon  House,    Somerset,  Mrs. 

Ernest   Percival,   a   son. 15.   At  Squires 

Mount,  Hampstead,  the  wife  of  Wm.  Elmsley, 

eso.  Barrister-at-Law,  a  still-born  child. At 

Wusford,  the  wife  of  Harry  Hayward,  esq.  a  dau. 

16.  At  Dawlish,  the  wifeof  Jas.  Goss,  esq. 

H.  E.  1.  C.  service,  a  dau. At  Bideford,  the 

wife  of  Charles  Carter,  esq.  solicitor,  a  dau. 

17.  In  Montagu-sq.  the  wife  of  Major  the 

Hon.  J.  St.  Vincent  Saumarez,  a  son. At 

Clapham-park,  the  wife  of  William  Thornton 

West,  esq.  a  son. ^The  wife  of  Lieut.-Col. 

Golbie  Taubman.  Scots  Fusilier  Guards,  a  sou. 

At  Devonshire-pl.,   the  wife   of  Edward 

Heneage,  esq.  M.P.  a  son. At  Hatt,  the 

wife  of  Wm.  Symons,  esq.  a  son  and  heir. 

18.  At  Bath,  the  wife  of  Wm.  C.  Humphreys, 
esq.  of  Southampton,  a  son. At  the  Manor- 
house,   Lechdale,  Gloucestersh.,  the  wife  of 

George  Millward,  esq.  a  son. At  Moulsey- 

park,  Surrey,  Mrs.  Joseph  Todd,  a  son. 

19.  At  Wassill  Grove,  near  Stourbridge,  Wor- 
cestershire, the  wife  of  F.  W.  Fryer,  esq.  a 


dau.--20.  At  Acre  Place,  Stoke,  the  wife 
Capt  Wm.  Walker,  R.N.,  K.T.S.  a  dau.-  ^ 
21.  The  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Hill,  of  the 

Citadel,  near  Hawkstone,  Shropsh.,  a  dau. 

23.  At  the  Rectory,  St.  George's  East.  Mrs. 

Bryan  King,  a  son. 25.  The  wife  of  George 

Cave,  esq.  of  Hilston  House,  Monmouthshire, 
a  son.--— 26.  At  Cotswold  House,  Gloucester- 
shire, the  wife  of  G.  E.  Clarke,  esq.  a  dau. 

At  Sonnine,  near  Reading,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 

Markham  Mills,  a  son  and  heir. ^The  wife  of 

'»"eaerick  Deacon,  esq.  of  Bridgewater,  a  son. 
-— At  Franche  Court,  Worcestersh.,  the  wife 

of  the  Rev.  John  Downall.  a  son. At  Wick- 

ham-hall,  Kent,  the  wife  of  Henry  Craven,  esq.  a 
?if"-"^2l-  ^*  Boterford  House,  North  Huish, 

S®  ^e  of  Joseph  Whyddon,  esq.  a  son. 

28.  The  wife  of  John  Perkins,  esq.  Exeter,  a 
dau. — -At  Merston  Cottage,  I.  W.  the  wife  of 
Osmund  Johnson,  jun.  esq.  of  Wroxall  Cross, 
T  4*";Tr-29.  At  Kemp-town,  the  wife  of  Chas. 
John  Vigors  Hervey,  esq.  a  dau. At  Sand- 
well,  the  Countess  of  Dartmouth,  a  dau. 

30.  At  Edgbaston,  the  wife  of  Thomas  Denton, 

esq.  a  dau. 31.  At  Ashfield,  Midhurst,  the 

wife  of  George  Gibson,  esq.  a  son. ^The 

wife  of  Robert  Rookes,  esq.  Topsham  Road,  a 
son.  ' 

Lately,    In  Stanhope-st.  Lady  Walsingham, 

a  son  and  heir. In  Hereford-st.  the  wife  of 

the  Hon.  R.  Cavendish,  a  son  and  heir. At 

Wimpole,  the  Countess  of  Hardwicke,  a  son. 

In  Ross-shire,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Spencer,  a 

^**^°,*Tr~^*i  Upper  Woburn-pl.  the  wife  of  John 

Aldndge,  esq.  a  dau. In  Ireland,  Lady  Cecil 

(^rdon,  a  dau. ^At  Walthamstow,  the  wife 

of  Edward  Wigram,  a  dau. At  Shirley,  the 

wife  of  Joseph  Jekyll,  esq.  a  son  ;  the  wife  of 

B.  W.  Greenfield,  esq.  barrister,  a  dau. 

At  Ryde,  I.  W.,  Mrs.  R.  S.  Palmer,  a  dau. 

In  Russell-sq.  the  wife  of  P.  Phen^,  esq.  late 

of  Melksham,  a  son. At  Green  Meadow, 

near  Cardiff,  the  wife  of  Henry  Lewis,  esq.  a 

dau. At    Monmouth,  the  wife  of  W.   D. 

Taunton,  esq.  a  son. At    Newport,  Mon- 

mouthsh  ,  the  wife  of  H.  J.  Davis,  esq.  a  son. 
At  Bath,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  A.  L.  Emer- 
son, of  Ulverscroft  Priory,  Leicestersh.,  a  son. 

^The  wife  of  William  Charles  Humphrys, 

esq.  of  Rockstone-pl.,  Southampton,  a  son. 

At  Lyme,  the  wife  of  Lieut.  C.  R.  Johnson, 

R.N.  a  son. At  North  Warnborough,  the 

wife  of  Wm.  Bellingham,  esq.  a  son. ^At 

Bloomsbury  Rectory,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Montagu 

Villiers,  a  dau. At  Reading,  the   wife  of 

John  Richards,  inn.  esq.  a  dau. At  Malpas 

Court,  Monmouthsh.,  the  wife  of  John  Tayler 

Winnington,  esq.  a  son. At  Northfield  villa, 

near  Gloucester,  the  wife  of  Edmund  Bough- 
ton,  jun.  esa.  a  son. At  Southampton,  the 

wife  of  G.  W.  A.  Harvey,  esq.  a  dau. ^At 

Aldborough  Rectory,   Norfolk,   Mrs.   Robert 

Shuckburgh,  a  son. At  Ryde,  l.W.,  the  wife 

of  Thos  Fred.  Cole,  esq.  a  son. 

Aug.  2.    In  Portland-sq.  Plymouth,  the  wife 

of  Chas.  Tanner,  esq.  a  son. At  Grosvenor- 

place,  Bath,  the  wife  of  W.  N.  Clay,  esq.  a  son. 

3.  At  Sutton,  Surrey,  the  wife  of  Capt.  W. 

F.  Du  Pasquier,  of  the  Madras  Army,  a  son. 

At  Clifton,  the  wife  of  J.  W.  Gascoyne, 

esq.  a  dau. At  Dover,  the  wife  of  Capt.  J. 

James,  a  dau, At  Manor-park,  Streatham, 

Mrs.  A.  de  Arroyave,  a  dau. ^At  Palace  Gate, 

the  wife  of  Thomas  Shf  ffield,  esq.  a  dau. - 

At  Chippenham,  Mrs.  Gabriel  Goldnev,  a  son 

and  heir. 5.  At  Harefieli-house,  Cheam,  the 

wife  of  Capt.  Leckonby  Phipps,68th  Light  Inf. 

a  dau.  still  born. At  Frethey,  nearl^unton, 

the  wife  of  Cant.  W.  G.  Maclean,  a  dau.- 

6.  At  Longford  Rectory,  Lady  Caroline  Gamier, 

a  dau. At  Yeovilton  Rectory,  Somerset,  the 

wife  of  the  Rev.  Rn^nald  Pole,  a  son. 9.  At 

Marchwood,  near  Soutluunpton,  the  wife  of  F. 
K.  Holloway,  esq.  a  son  ana  heir. 


S12 


Marriages. 


[Sepf. 


MARRIAGES. 


May  10.  At  Simla,  Edward  Walter  Palmer, 
esq.  to  F.-Wilhelmina.  only  surviving^  dau.  of 
late  J.  Percival  Beresrord,  esq. 

15.  At  Barrackpore,  Lieut.  H.  Shaw  Stewart, 
99th  Bengal  N.  Inf.,  to  Sophia,  4th  dau.  of 
Miuor  R.  J.  Debnam,  H.  M.  13th  Foot. 

16.  At  Agra,  the  Rev.  R.  M.  Price,  Assistant 
Chaplain,  Benral  establ.  to  Sarah-Elizabeth, 
second  dau.  of  late  Ck>l.  W.  Lamb. 

18.  At  Beng^al  cathedral,  Edward  Goodeve, 
M.D.  to  Nancy,  eldest  dau.  of  Philippe  Renouf, 
of  Jersev 

94.  At'  Port  Orotava,  Teneriffe,  Wm.  L. 
Hurst,  second  son  of  Thomas  Hurst,  esq.  late 
of  Radmell  and  Upperton,  Eastbourne,  to 
Marianne-Margaret,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  J. 
Florence  Gallway  esq.  of  the  said  island. 

31.  At  Vellore,  Benjamin  Smith  Chimmo, 
esq.  of  the  Madras  Med.  Serv.,  to  Emily-Eliza- 
beth Bnckner,  dau.  of  John  George  NichoUs, 
esq.  of  West  Moulsey,  Surrey. 

June  6.  At  Madras  cathedral,  Capt.  J.  Eck- 
ford,  19th  N.  Inf.,  to  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of 
Major-Gen.  F.  Roome,  Bombay  army. 

13.  At  Llangower,  Merionethshire,  Jere- 
miah Williams,  esq.  of  Queen's  Coll.  to  Susan- 
nah, 2nd  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Hugh  Jones,  Rector 
of  Llangower. 

15.  At  Port  of  Spain,  Trinidad,  the  Hon.  J. 
A.  Allen,  Colonial  Treasurer,  to  Sarah,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Hugh  Leach,  esq.  Bristol. 

29.  At  York,  the  Rev.  Wm.  G.  Goodchild, 
of  Sidney  Sussex  College,  2d  son  of  Rev.  W.  T. 
Goodchild,  Vicar  of  East  Tilbury,  to  Faith, 
third  dau.  of  late  J.  Shilleto,  esq.  of  Ulleskelf, 
Yorkshire. 

97.  At  Eccleshall,  the  Rev.  Clement  Francis 
Bcoughton,  rector  of  Norbury,  and  Vicar  of 
Uttoxeter,  to  Anna-Louisa,  youngest  dau.  of 
Joseph  Sandars,  esq.  of  Johnstone  Hall,  Staff. 

Lately,  At  Furnnurst,  Thomas  Gary,  esa. 
son  of  the  Rev.  John  Gary,  of  Eaubrink 
Hall,  near  Lynn,  Norfolk,  to  Fanny,  dau.  of 

R.  G.  Didham,  esq.  R.N.  of  Portsdown. At 

Rostrevor,  co.  Down,  the  Rev.  Arthur  Andrew 
Onslow,  vicar  of  Claverdon,  Warw.  and  second 
son  of  the  Ven.  Archdeacon  Onslow,  to  Harriet- 
Louisa,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Simeon  Mar- 
shall, esq.  and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Gen. 

Sir  Dyson  Marshall,  KC.B. At  Bloxham, 

Oxfordsh.  Edward  Falkener  Fairthome,  esq. 
of  Brackley,  to  Caroline,  third  dau.  of  the  late 
John  Pain,  esq,  of  Banbury. 

Jtdy  1.  At  St,  George's,  Hanover-sq.  William 
Frederic,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Samuel  Higgins, 
Equerry  to  Her  Royal  Highness  the  Duchess 
of  Gloucester,  to  Augusta,  eldest  dau.  of  Fred. 

Thesiger,    esq.  M.P. At  Christ    Church, 

Marylebone,  William  Richardson,  esq.  of  Ox- 
ford-terr.  Hyde  Park,  to  Eleanor,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  John  Bolding,  esq.  of  Evers- 

bolt. Philip  Perceval,  esq.  of   the   Royal 

Horse  Guards,  eldest  son  of  Col.  Perceval,  of 
Temple  House  ,co.  Sligo,  to  Frederica-Penelope, 
youngest  dau.  of  Col.  Hugh  Baillie,  of  Red- 
castle,   Ross-shirC)   N.B. At   St.    Mark's, 

Myddelton-sq.  the  Rev.  Alfred  Jenour,  Rector 
of  Pilton,  Northamp.  to  Caroline-Mary,  only 
daughter  of  James  Hutchison,  esq.  of  Chel- 

3.  At  Greenwich,  Alexander  Holmes,  esq.  of 
Calcutta,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Alex.  Holmes, 
esq.  of  Larne,  Antrim,  to  Jessica-Maria,  third 
surviving  dau.  of  the  late  Richard  Johnson, 

esq.  of  Sible  Hedingham. At  Stonehouse, 

Capt.  M'Adam,  RM.  to  Harrietta-Maria,  dau. 
of  the  late  Msyor  Savage,  and  niece  of  Roger 
Hall,  esq.  of  Narrow  Water  Castle,  co.  Down. 
—At  Dublin,  Richard-Nevill,  fourth  son  of 
John  Cornwall,  esq.  of  Brownstown  House, 
Meath,  to  Maria-IsabelUu  eldest  dau.  of  Fran- 
cis Hamilton,  jun.  esq.  or  Slaue. 

4.  At  Petersfieldi  jElobert-Qunter  Semple, 

11 


esq.  M.R.C.S.  Only  Mn  of  Robert  Semple,  esq< 
of  Islinffton,  to  Klizabeth-Mary,  only  dau.  of 
the  late  William  Butterfield,  Rear-Adm.  of  the 

Red. ^At  Carrigans,  Thompson,  son  of  W. 

Mackey,  esq.  of  Londonderry,  to  Caroline,  dau. 

of  the  late  Rear-Adm.  F.  H.  Coffin. At  Earls 

Croome,  Worcestersh.  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  W. 
W.  C.  Talbot,  son  of  Earl  Talbot,  to  Eleanora- 
Julia,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Hon.  Willm.  Coventry. 
—At  Dublin,  Capt.  Gore,  72d  Highlanders, 

to  Catharine,  dau.  of  Hugh  Faulkner,  esq. 

At  New  Brentford,  Middlesex,  the  Rev.  R.  W. 
Stoddart,  Vicar  of  Hundon,  Suffolk,  to  Caro- 
line-Hulkes,  dau.  of  Charles  Thompson,  esq. 

M.D.  late  of  Rochester. ^The  Rev.  Adolphus 

Walbaum,  Minister  of  the  Lutheran  Church, 
Trinity-lane,  Lond.  to  Charlotte-Aueusta,eldeat 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  William  Kuper,  D.D.,  K.H. 
Chaplain  of  the  Royal  German  Chapel,  St. 
James's,  and  to  her  Majesty  the  Queen  Dowa- 

5er. At  St.  George's  Hanover-sq.  Captain 
odrell,  16th  Regt.  eldest  son  of  Edw.  Jodrell, 
esq.  of  Burrhfield  Lodge,  Berks,  to  Adela- 
Monckton^  third  dau.  of  Sir  Edward-Bowyer 
Smyth,  Bart. 

5.  At  St.  Ann's,  Blackflriars,  Richard  Thos. 
Staples  Browne,  esq.  of  Launton,  Oxfordsh.  to 

Ann,  second  dau.  of  Robt.  B.  Bat6,  esq. ^At 

All  Souls,  Marylebone,  Francis-Hastings  Med- 
hurst,  esq.  to  Mary-Anne,  only  dau.  of  the  late 

Charles    Osborne    Bushnan,    esq. ^At  St. 

George's  Hanover-sq.  the  Rev.  Edward  John 
Randolph,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  T.  Randolph, 
of  Hadnam,  Herts,  to  Catharine,  second  dAu. 

of  Sir  George  Rich. At  Brighton,  the  Rev. 

George  Searl  Ebsworth,  Vicar  of  Ilkeston, 
Derbysh.  to  Sarah-Mary-Anne,  eldest  dau.  ox 
P.  C.  Cazalet,  esq.  of  Kemp  Town. 

6.  At  Lewisham,  the  Kev.  John  Gunton, 
second  son  of  the  late  Dennis  Gunton,  esq.  or 
Matlask,  to  Elizabeth,  youngest  dau.  of  the 
late  Wm.  Jex  Blake,  esq.  of  Swanton  Abbots, 

Norfolk. ^At  Cheltenham,  the  Rev.  James 

Gray,  to  the  widow  of  the  Rev.  Charles 
Wheeler,  formerly  Fellow  of  Merton  coll.  Ox- 
ford, and  dau.  of  the  late  .  .  .  Neyler,  esq.  of 

Cheltenham. At  Draycot,  Edward,  youngest 

sou  of  Arthur  Quin,  esq.  M.D.  Dungarvon, 
Waterford,  to  Caroline,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
Henry  Barry,  Rector  of  Draycot,  and  Upton 

Scudamore,  Wilts. At  St.  Marylebone,  Wil- 

liam-Bence,  eldest  son  of  lieut.-Col.  Jones,  of 
Iiowestoft,  Suffolk,  to  Caroline,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Wm.  Dickinsonu  esq.  of  Kingweston, 
and  formerly  M.P.  for  Somersetshire.- — ^At 
St.  George's,  Bloomsbury,  Freeman-Oliver 
Haynes,  esq.  M.A.  Fellow  of  Caius  coll.  Cam- 
bridge,  to  Emily  W.  fourth  dau.  of  the  late 

Robert  Child,  esq.  of  Russell-sq. At  St. 

Pancras,  Richard-Madox  Bromley,  esq.  of  the 
Admiralty,  to  Clara,  dau.  of  Robert  Moser,  esq. 

of  Gordon-pl.  Tavistock-sq. At  Carshalton, 

John-Smith  Parker,  esq.  to  Selina-Maria,  dau. 
of  John  Heathcote,  esq. ^At  Worcester,  W.- 
Stanford Halford,  esq.  youngest  son  of  Joseph 

JHalford,  esq.  of  the  Hollies,  Great  Barr,  to 
Helena-Margaret,  third  dau.  of  Wm.  Corles, 

esq. ^At  Leamington,  David  Ogilvy,  esq.  of 

Lincoln's-inn,  Barnster,to  Eliza- Anne-Harris, 
dau.  of  Abercromby  Dick,  esq.  Bengal  Civil 

Service. At  Cooknam,Berks,  Edward-Ladd, 

eldest  son  of  William  Betts,  esq.  of  Southfield 
House,  Leicester,  to  Ann,  youngest  dau.  of 

William  Peto,  esq.  of  Cannon-court: At  All 

Souls,  Langham-pl.  Theodore  S.  Bernstein, 
esq.  of  Liverpool,  to  Lydia,  youngest  dau.  of 

the  late  John  Pulsford.  esq. At  Battersea, 

Wm.-Ricketts  Gerrard,  esq.  Assistant-Surg. 
Bengal  Army,  to  Sarah-Anne,  eldest  dau.  of 

W.  G.  Lewis,  esq.  of  Kensington. ^At  Paget, 

Bermuda^  Hunt  Marriott,  esq.  H.  M.  Customs, 
to  Eliza-Hunt,  9nd  dau.  of  W.  R.  Jones,  esq. 

7.  At  Leatherhead.  Henry  Maiden,  esq.  to 
Georgina-Augusta,  dau.  of  Col.  Drmkwattr 
Bethuue,  of  Thorncroft. 


1843.] 


Marriages, 


313 


8.  At  Bushey,  Herts,  John,  eldest  son  of  the 
Rev.  Miles  C.  Dixon,  of  Longfton,  Staffordsh. 
to  Eliza,  fourth  dau.  of  Peter  Lovekin,  esq.  of 

Bushey. At  Hadleigh,  Suffolk,  John    Os- 

bertus,  son  of  Samuel  Truman,  esq.  of  South 
Lambeth,  to  Gertrude-Mary,  youngest  dau.  of 

Wm.  Hasell,  esq.  of  Hadleigh. John-Went- 

worth  Austen,  esq.  Lieut.  78th  Highlanders, 
son  of  Sir  Henry  E.  Austen,  of  Shalford  House, 
near  Guildford,  Surrey,  and  of  Chelsworth, 
Suffolk,  to  Eliza-Anne,  only  dau.  of  the  late 

Lieut.-Gen.  Philpot,  Col.  of  8th  Hussars. 

At  St.  George*s,  Hanover-sq.  Henry  Buckle, 
esq.  of  Cambridge-sq.  Hyde-park,  to  Eliza- 
Isabella-Fish,  only  child  of  Mrs.  C.  Shewell,  of 

Chester-sa. At  Marylebone,  the  Rev.  James 

Pycroft,  of  Trinity  coll.  Oxford,  second  son  of 
Thomas  Pycroft,  esq.  of  Bath,  to  Ann,  widow 

of  F.  P.  Alleyn,  esq. At  Osmington,  Dorset, 

the  Rev.  J.  E.  Kempe,  of  Bury  St.  Ed- 
mund's, Fellow  of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  to 
Harriet,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Robert 

Serrell  Wood,  of  Osmington. At  St.  John's, 

Paddin^ton,  Duncan  Campbell  Paterson,  esq. 
Lochgair  House,  Argyllsh.,  to  Elizabeth,  eldest 
dau.  of  John  Norris  Russell,  esq.  of  Limerick. 

^At  Frankfort,  the  Baron  Thomas  Frederick 

Zobel,  of  Giebelstadt  Darstade,  Chamberlain 
to  the  Emperor  of  Austria,  and  Commandant 
of  the  7th  Austrian  Chasseurs,  to  Emily-Caro- 
line, youngest  dau.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Kirkwood,  of 
Newbridge  House,  Somersetshire. 

11.  At  Witchampton,  Dorset,  the  Rev.  G.  J. 
Collinson,  Vicar  of  Swanbourne,  Bucks,  to 
Sophia-Louisa,  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  W.  H. 
Cleather.  1st  Ceylon  Regt.  and  for  many  years 

Deputy  Judge  Adv.  of  that  Island. At  St. 

Georee's,  Hanover-sq.  Benjamin,  eldest  son  of 
Dr.  Babington,  of  George-st.  Hanover-sq.  to 
Helen,  eldest  dau.  of  T.  Hanson  Peile,  esq.  of 
FItzroy-sq. 

12.  At  Paston,  Mary-Anne,  third  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  Joseph  Pratt,  Rector  of  Paston,  to 

Fred.  Urban  Sartoris,  esq. At  St.  George's, 

Hanover-sq.,  the  Marquess  of  Blandlord,  son 
of  the  Duke  of  Marlborough,  to  Lady  Frances- 
Anne-Emily  Vane,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Marquess 
and  Marchioness  of  Londonderry. 

13.  At  St.  Marylebone,  Thomas  Pynsent,esq. 
of  Pitt,  to  Jane,  dan.  of  the  late  James  Goodeve 

Sparrow,  esq.  of  Gosfield  Place,  Essex. At 

St.  Geoi^e's,  Hanover-sq.,  Arthur,  second 
son  of  Sir  Harry  Mainwaring',  Bart,  of  Peover 
Hall,  Cheshire,  Capt.  66th  Regt.,  to  Emma- 
Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Dr.  Pelham 
Warren,  M.D. At  Blakeney,  Norfolk,  Ed- 
mund Dewar  Bourdillon,  esq.,  third  son  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Bourdillon,  Vicar  of  Fenstanton, 
Hunts,  to  Mary,  third  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Joseph 

Cotterill,  Rector  of  Blakeney. At  Barking, 

Essex,  R.  Harvey  George,  nephew  of  Thomas 
Harvey,  esq.  of  Ilford,  to  Eliza,  only  dau.  of 
the   late  Richard  Evans,  esq.  and  niece  of 

the  late  Thomas  Jee,  esq.  of  Barking. At 

Colchester,  Sayers  Turner,  esq.  of  Colchester, 
to  Louisa-Clare,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
James  Haddy  Wilson   Williams,    Rector    of 

Fornham  All  Saints-cum-Westley,  SuflTolk. 

At  Elm  Cottage,  Forres,  Capt.  J.  H.  Hull, 
Madras  Fusiliers,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Wm. 
Tlios.  Hull,  esq.  of  Marpool  Hall,  Devon,  to 
Hannah-Christina,   second   dau.  of  the  late 

Charles  Gordon,  esq. At  Heath,  Beds.,  the 

Rev.  Joshua  Cautley,  of  Broughton,  Bucks,  to 
Mary-Catherine,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Capt. 
Cumberlege. At  Trinity  Church,  Mary- 
lebone, the  Rev.  James  Cecil  Wynter,  Rector 
of  Gatton,  to  Margaret,  dau.  of  George  Lyall, 
esq.  M.P.  of  Park-cres.,  and  Findon,  Sussex. 

At    Lyndhurst.  Robert  Maclean  Smyth, 

esq.  of  Bal ham-hill,  Surrey,  to  Anne,  eldest 
dau.  of  Thos.  White,  esq.  of  Queen's  House, 

Lyndhurst;  Hants. At  Ashbrittle,  Somerset, 

William-Richard,  only  son  of  Capt.  Neale,  late 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


25th  Light  Drag,  to  Frances-Margaret,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Edward  Clarke,  esq.  of 

Chard. At  Beverley,  T.  Mackenzie,  esq.  to 

Rosalie-Anne,  second  dau.  of  T.  Sandwith, 
esq. 

15.  At  St.  Pancras,  George  Douglas,  esq.  of 
Timpendean,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Major- 
Gen.  Sir  William  Douglas,  K.C.H.,  of  Tim- 
pendean, Roxburghsh.  to  Mary-Beevor,  second 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  William  James  Carver,  M.A., 

Rector    of  Winfarthing,    Norfolk. At   St. 

George's,  Hanover-sq.,  Julian  Edw.  Disbrowe 
Rodgers.  esq.  surgeon,  of  Pimlico,  to  Frances, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  William  Balmain, 
esq.  of  Her  Majesty's  Medical  Staff. 

17.  At  Countisbury,  Robert  Walter  Wade, 
esq.  of  Sweden,  to  Frances,  youngest  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  T.  Roe,  Rector  of  Brendon,  Devon. 

At  Great  Waltham,  Essex,  George-Young 

Robson,  esq.  Barrister-at-Law,  second  son  of 
Thomas  Robson,  esq.  of  Holtby  House,  Yorksh. 
to  Anne,  dau.  of  Jolm-Joliffe  Tufnell,  esq.  of 
Langley's,  Essex. 

18.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  the  Hon. 
W.  Dawney,  M.P.  for  Rutlandshire,  to  Miss 

Bagot,  dau.  of  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Oxford. 

At  Bath,  the  Rev.  G.  Domville  Wheeler,  M.A.  of 
Dovedale  House,  Worcestersh.,  Fellow  of  Wad- 
ham  Coll.  Oxford,  and  nephew  of  Sir  Comp- 
ton  Domville,  Bart,  to  Charlotte-Emily,  third 
dau.  of  Rear-Adm.  Bateman,  of  Moorlands, 

near  Bath. ^Thomas  Bagg,    esq.  to  Eliza, 

eldest  dau.  of  the  Late  James  Lock  Cartwright, 
esq.  and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Isaac  Strom- 
bom,  esq.  of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope. At 

Gloucester,  R.  B.  Grantham,  esq.  eldest  son 
of  the  late  John  Grantham,  esq.  of  Croydon, 
Surrey,  to  Frances-Harriet,  eldest  surviving 
dau.  of  the  late  Robert  Fuge,  esq.  of  Plymouth. 

At  Southampton,  William  Yolland.  esq. 

Roy.  Eng.  to  Ellen-Catherine,  youngest  dau.  of 
the  late  Capt.  Peter  Rainier.  R.N.,  CB.,  and 
Aide-de-Camp  to  his  late  Majesty  William  IV., 

of  Hamilton-pl.  Southampton. At  Trinity 

Church,  Marylebone,  Charles  Francis  Gregg, 
esq.  of  the  Enniskillen  Dragoons,  youngest 
son  of  the  late  Henry  Gregg,  esq.  to  Isabella- 
Susan,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Ralph  Garr, 
esq.  of  Park-cres.,  and  of  Stannington,  North- 
umberland.  At  Leicester,  the  Rev.  George 

Hargreave  Parker,  Minister  of  St.  Andrew's, 
Bethnal  Green,  to  Henrietta- Walker,  youngest 
dau.  of  William  Moore,  esq.  of  Kiroy-fieids, 

Leicestersh. At  Gillingham,  Kent,  the  Rev. 

George  Stephen  Hookey,  B.A.,  of  Wadhani 
Coll.  Oxford,  to  Mary-Anne,  eldest  dau.  of 
James  Hall,  esq.  M.D.  R.N.--- At  L^erpool, 
Mr.  William  Swindon,  to  EUza  Sawrey  Roberts, 
eldest  dau.  of  Mr.  W.  J.  Roberts. 

19.  In  London,  Robert  Talbot,  esq.  of 
Springfield,  Essex,  to  Mrs.  A.  Wilson,  of 
Broomfield,  widow  of  Alexander  Wilson,  esq. 
of  the  Edgeware-road,  and  eldest  dau.  of 
Richard  Ebsworth,  esq.  of  Shillingford,  Oxf. 

20.  At  CuUen  House,  Banffsh.,  N.B.  Capt. 
Edward  Walter  Walker,  son  of  Maipr-Gen. 
Walker,  K.C.H.,  of  Bushey.  Herts,.to  the  Lady 
Jane  Grant,  only  dau.  of  Francis  William, 

sixth  Earl  of  Seafield. At  St.  Pancras,  T.  J. 

only  son  of  Samuel  Hanbury,  esq.  of  Judd-pl. 
East,  New-road,  to  EmmapLydia,  second  dau. 
of  the  hite  R.  P.  de  Witt,  esq.  of  Sudbury, 

Suffolk. At  Dover,  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Horsley, 

Perpetual  Curate  of  the  Ville  of  Dunkirk,  to 
Susannah,  only  dau.  of  W.  Sankey,  esq.  sur 

geon. At  St.  Pancras.  the  Rev.  Redmond 

C.  Macausland,  Rector  of  Desart  Oghil,  Lon- 
donderry, to  Martha,  eldest  dan.  of  Samuel 
Babington,  of  Rome  Cottage,  Momnouthsh. 

Aug.  9.  At  Wootton  Wawen.  Warwick sh., 
Christopher  James  Noble,  esq.  of  Hurst  House, 

Henley-m-Arden.  to  BM»»>«^'»i?'*i:r!2' 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Wm.  Hamper,  esq. 

F.S.A.  g  g 


su 


OBITUARY. 


Out.  THi  Eael  Cathcart,  K.T. 

Jmn  16.  At  his  seat,  Cartside,  near 
QWmov,  i^  87,  the  Right  Hon. 
WilbMH  Srhavr  Cathcart,  Earl  Cathcart 
M8I4).  Visootmt  Cathcart  and  Baron 
Oreenock  (1807)  ;  tenth  Lord  Cathcart 
iBthtpeengeof  ScoUand(l447);  K.T. 
aad  Knight  of  the  Russian  orders  of  St. 
Andrew  and  St.  GFeoiige;  a  Privy 
CovadUor  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 
a  Ctonerai  in  the  army,  Colonel  of  the 
8nd  Llfe-goai^s,  \^ce-Admiral  of  the 
CoMt  of  Scothind,  Grovemor  of  Hull,  a 
Member  of  Uie  Consolidated  Board  of 
General  Ofiieers,  and  a  Commissioner  of 
the  Royal  MiiiUuy  College  and  Royal 
Military  Asylum. 

He  was  bom  at  Petersham,  in  Surrey, 
Aspt.  17,  1755,  liie  eldest  son  of  Charles 
ninth  Lord  Cathcart,  by  Jean,  second 
damhter  of  Lord  Archibald  Hamilton, 
and  grand-daughter  of  William  fourth 
Dnke  of  Hamilton.  Having  been  some- 
time at  Eton,  he  accompanied  bis  father 
Mid  lamily,  in  1768,  to  St.  Petersburgh, 
where  be  earned  on  his  classical  studies, 
vnder  bis  private  tutor,  Mr.  Richardson, 
the  kanied  Professor  of  Humanity  in  the 
Unifcrsity  of  Glasgow.  After  his  return 
borne  be  studied  the  law  of  Scotland ; 
•ad  was  admitted  a  member  of  the 
FWslty  of  Advocates,  1776.  He  suc- 
ceeded bis  father  on  the  14th  Aug.  the 
flame  year. 

Ilia  lordship  now  turned  his  view  to 
Ifcfl  military  profession.  He  obtained 
•  Comefs  commission  in  the  seventh 
fflgiment  of  Dragoons,  1777 ;  and  pro- 
ceeded to  America,  the  seat  of  war,  where 
be  eerred  as  Aide-de-camp  to  Major- 
General  Sir  Thomas  Spencer  Wilson. 
He  was  promoted  first  to  a  Lieutenancy, 
and  7th  April,  1778,  to  a  troop  of  the 
I7tb  regiment  of  Light  Dragoons.  He 
aeqaiced  no  small  distinction,  and  was 
thanked  in  general  orders  for  surprising 
and  oarryiog  off  an  out-post  of  the  enemy, 
with  a  detachment  of  the  16th  and  17th 
regiments  of  Light  Dragoons.  In  May 
ynQ,  bis  lordship  was  appointed  Aide- 
de-camp  to  Sir  Henry  Clinton.  A  corps 
of  infantry,  named  the  Caledonian 
Volunteers,havingbeen  raised  in  America 
that  year,  some  independent  provincial 
troops  and  companies  were  added,  and 
placed  under  the  command  of  Lord  Cath- 
cart, who  new-modelled  the  whole,  and 
Eve  them  the  appellation  of  the  British 
Bi^ion,  of  which  he  was  constituted 
jor-commandant,  with  the  provincial 


rank  of  Colonel.  He  resigned  that 
command  in  1780,  having  made  his 
election  to  serve  with  the  38th  Regiment 
of  Foot,  of  which  he  was  appointed 
Major,  in  1779;  and  he  held  the  office  of 
Quarter-Master- General  in  America. 
Being  appointed  to  a  company  of  the 
Coldstream  regiment  of  Foot  Guards, 
his  lordship  returned  home,  and  continued 
in  that  regiment  till  October,  1789,  when 
he  exchanged  that  company  for  the  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonelcy of  the  29th  Foot,  a 
highly  distinguished  regiment,  long 
stationed  at  Windsor,  under  the  im- 
mediate eye  of  the  Sovereign. 

His  loraship  was  elected  one  of  the 
sixteen  representatives  of  the  Scottish 
peerage,  on  n  vacancy,  10  January,  1788, 
by  a  majority  of  one,  having  28  votes  to 
the  Earl  of  Dumfries's  27.  The  un- 
successful candidate  petitioning  the  House 
of  Lords  against  the  return,  objecting  to 
the  vote  of  Lord  Rutherford,  Lord  Cath- 
cart presented  another  petition,  objecting 
to  the  vote  of  Lord  Colvill  of  Ochiltree. 
The  House,  21st  April,  1788,  rejected 
Lord  Rutherford's  vote,  and  ordered  the 
return  to  be  amended,  by  inserting  the 
votes  were  equal ;  that  is  to  say  for  the 
Earl  of  Dumfries,  27,  and  for  Lord 
Cathcart,  27.  But  Lord  Colvill's  vote 
being  rejected,  28th  April,  Lord  Cath- 
cart was  found  duly  elected ;  and  the 
return  was  accordingly  a  second  time 
amended,  29th  April.  His  lordship  was 
re-chosen  at  five  general  elections  after 
that  time,  viz.  in  1790,  1796,  1802,  1806, 
and  1807.  He  filled  the  office  of  Chair- 
man of  the  Committees  of  the  House  of 
Lords,  from  1790  to  July  1794,  when,  the 
duties  of  that  place  being  incompatible 
with  foreign  service.  Lord  Walsingbam 
was  chosen  chairman.  Lord  Cathcart 
had  the  office  of  Vice- Admiral  of  Scot- 
land  conferred  on  him,  in  January  1795. 

His  lordship  attained  the  rank  of 
Colonel  in  the  army,  11th  Nov.  1790; 
was  promoted  to  the  command  of  the 
29th  regiment  of  Foot,  5th  Dec.  1792 ; 
had  the  rank  of  Brigadier- General  on  the 
Continent,  Dec.  1793  ;  accompanied  the 
Eari  of  Moira  to  the  relief  of  Ostend, 
1794;  and  joined  the  Duke  of  York,  at 
Malines,  9th  July.  His  lordship  com- 
manded a  brigade  at  the  defeat  of  the 
French  at  Brommel ;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  Major- General,  4th  Sept.  1794. 
With  the  14lh,  27th,  and  28th  regiments 
of  foot,  his  lordship,  8th  Jan.  1795, 
attacked  the  French  near  Buren,  and, 


1843.] 


Obituary. — Getu  the  Earl  Cathcartf  K,T. 


315 


after  an  action  of  several  hours,  succeeded 
in  driving  the  enemy  beyond  Gelder- 
malsen,  took  from  them  a  piece  of  cannon, 
and  maintained  his  ground  till  night,  in 
spite  of  repeated  assaults  from  fresh 
bodies  of  the  French,  who  poured  in  from 
different  quarters  to  harrass  the  assail- 
ants. This  post,  so  gallantly  defended 
by  his  lordship,  was,  however,  too  much 
exposed  to  be  retained  in  the  face  of  a 
strong  army ;  the  troops,  therefore,  re- 
turned to  Buren,  and  the  whole  British 
force  under  the  command  of  Sir  David 
Dundas,  were  obliged  to  evacuate  Hol- 
land. Lord  Catbcart  remained  in  Germany, 
on  the  Weser,  and  in  other  places,  en- 
trusted  by  his  Majesty  with  the  command 
of  the  British  Light  Cavalry,  and  foreign 
light  corps  in  British  pay,  in  all  thirty 
squadrons,  until  Dec.  1795,  when  he  em- 
barked at  Cuxhaven,  and  the  same  month 
landed  in  Britain. 

His  lordship  met  with  the  most  gracious 
reception  from  the  King,  by  whom  he 
was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  2nd  Regi- 
ment of  Life-guards,  7th  August,  1797. 
His  lordship  was  sworn  a  Privy- Coun- 
cillor at  Weymouth,  28th  Sept.  1798;  had 
the  rank  of  Lieutenant.  General  in  the 
army,  1  January,  1801 ;  and  was  consti- 
tuted Commander-in-Chief  of  the  forces 
in  Ireland,  28th  Oct.  1803. 

His  lordship,  in  1805,  received  the  ap- 
pointment of  Ambassador- Extraordinary 
to  the  court  of  St.  Petersburgh,  with 
a  previous  mission  to  the  Emperor  and 
King,  then  in  the  field  ;  and  was  invested 
with  the  order  of  the  Thistle,  at  his 
audience  of  leave,  at  Windsor,  23d  Nov. 
1805.  These  embassies  were,  on  account 
of  the  critical  situation  of  affairs,  post- 
poned to  the  spring,  and,  in  the  mean 
time,  Jjord  Catbcart  was  appointed  to 
command  the  British,  in  a  combined 
army  of  British,  Russians,  Swedes,  and 
Prussians.  His  lordship  had  the  local 
rank  of  General  on  the  Continent,  30th 
Nov.  1 805 ;  and  the  next  month  took  the 
command  of  the  British  troops  in  Han- 
over. On  the  disastrous  turn  of  affairs, 
after  the  battle  of  Austerlitz,  his  lordship 
returned  home  with  the  army,  in  Feb. 
1806  ;  and  was  the  same  year  appointed 
commander  of  the  forces  in  Scotland. 

His  Lordship  being  selected  for  the 
command  of  the  important  expedition  to 
the  Baltic,  he  sailed  with  one  division 
of  the  army  in  July  1807.  He  arrived  at 
Stralsund,  in  Pomerania,  where  the  King 
of  Sweden  then  was  invested  by  the  French 
under  General  Brune,  on  the  19th  of 
July,  at  night ;  was  presented  to  that 
monarch  next  morning,  and  remained 
there  till  the  7th  of  August,  when  he  had 
his  audieoce  of  leaye.    His  Lordship 


embarked  the  British  troops  at  the  isle 
of  Rugen,  joined  the  other  diviuons  of 
the  army,  in  the  iieet  under  the  command 
of  Adm.  Gambler,  off  Elsineur,  on  the 
12th  of  August,  and  effected  the  disem- 
barkation of  the  whole,  on  the  isle  of 
Zealand,  on  the  16th  of  that  month. 

Finding  the  Danes  absolutely  bent  on 
resistance,  which,  from  the  great  supe- 
riority of  his  forces,  was  altogether  hope' 
less.  Lord  Catbcart  proceeded  to  invest 
Copenhagen,  which  was  bombarded  with 
such  effect,  that  a  capitulation  was  en- 
tered into  on  the  6th  Sept.  in  consequence 
of  which  the -citadel  and  arsenal  were  put 
into  the  hands  of  the  British,  and  the 
Danish  fleet  was  accordingly  brought  to 
England.  Lord  Catbcart,  embarkuig  in 
the  Africaine  frigate,  paid  a  visit  to  the 
King  of  Sweden  22nd  Oct.,  and  landed 
at  Yarmouth  on  the  28th.  Proceeding 
immediately  to  London,  his  Lordship 
waited  upon  the  king  at  Windsor,  where 
he  was  received  with  every  demonstration 
of  joy ;  and,  as  a  testimony  of  his  sove- 
reign's high  approbation  of  the  manner 
in  which  be  had  executed  the  service  en- 
trusted to  him,  was,  3d  Nov.  1807,  created 
a  British  Peer,  by  the  titles  of  Baron 
Greenock  of  Greenock,  and  Viscount 
Catbcart  of  Catbcart,  in  the  county  of 
Renfrew.  His  Lordship  leaving  London 
next  day,  arrived  at  Edinburgh  7th  Nov., 
and  resumed  the  command  of  the  forces  in 
Scotland.  The  freedom  of  the  city  of 
Edinburgh  was  presented  to  him  in  a  gold 
box,  17th  Nov.  Lord  Hawkesbury,  in  the 
House  of  Lords,  28th  Jan.  1808^  moved 
the  thanks  of  the  House  to  Lord  Vis- 
count Catbcart ;  and  the  same  day,  in  the 
House  of  Commons,  Lord  Castlereagh 
moved  that  the  thanks  of  the  House  be 
given  to  his  Lordship,  for  the  judicious 
and  decisive  measures  employed  by  him, 
after  exhausting  all  means  of  negociation, 
to  obtain  the  surrender  of  the  navy  of 
Denmark,  and  the  arsenals  of  Copenhagen. 
Both  these  motions  were  carried.  Lord 
Viscount  Catbcart  was,  on  the  1st  of 
Feb.  introduced  by  Viscounts  Went- 
worth  and  Lake ;  and,  the  patent  of  his 
creation  having  been  read  at  the  table, 
his  Lordship  took  the  oaths  and  his  seat. 
The  Lord  Chancellor  then  communicated 
the  thanks  of  the  House  to  his  Lordship 
and  Lord  Gambier,  each  standing  in  his 
place,  and  added,  that  the  thanks  had 
been  well  merited  by  the  services  rendered 
by  them  to  their  country.  The  two  peers 
then  severally  addressed  the  House,  ex- 
pressing their  thanks  for  the  big^h  honour 
conferred  upon  them,  and  speaking  in  the 
wannest  terms  ofapprobation  of  the  ability, 
skill,  discipline,  and  valour  displayed  by 
the  moj  and  navy. 


316 


Obituary. — Louisa  Countess  of  Mansfield. 


[Sept. 


His  Lordship  attained  the  full  rank  of 
General  Jan.  1,  1812,  and  retained  bis 
command  in  North  Britain  until  May, 
181 3f  when  he  was  called  upon  to  under- 
take  another  mission  to  St.  Petersburgh. 
In  the  same  year  the  Emperor  Alexander 
conferred  upon  him  the  order  of  St.  An- 
drew,  and  the  cross  of  the  military  order 
of  St.  George  of  the  fourth  class.  On 
the  I8tb  of  June,  1814,  he  was  advanced 
to  the  dignity  of  an  Earl. 

His  Lordship  married  at  New  York, 
10th  April  1779,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Andrew  Elliot  of  Greenwells,  co.  Rox- 
burgh, Collector  of  the  Customs  at  New 
York,  and  uncle  of  Gilbert  first  Earl  of 
Minto.  Her  Ladyship  was  appointed 
Governess  and  Lady  of  the  Bed-chamber 
to  the  younger  princesses  in  Jan.  1793, 
and  one  of  the  Ladies  of  the  Bed-chamber 
to  the  Queen  in  Oct.  1795,  and  has  had 
nine  children  :  1.  the  Hon.  Jane  Eliza- 
beth, who  died  an  infant  in  1780 ;  2.  the 
Hon.  William  Cathcart,  who  died  in 
1804,  aged  22 ;  3.  the  Right  Hon.  Charles 
Murray,  now  Earl  Cathcart ;  4.  Colonel 
the  Hon.  Frederick  M'Adam  Cathcart 
of  Craigangillan,  K.  St.  A.  who  married 
in  1827  Jane,  daughter  and  heirof  Quentin 
M'Adam,  esq.  and  has  assumed  that  sur- 
name  before  bis  own ;  5.  Lady  Louisa 
Cathcart;  6.  Colonel  the  Hon.  George 
Cathcart,  Lieut.-Colonel  1st  Drag.  Guards, 
and  K.  St.  W. ;  he  married,  in  1824<i 
Lady  Georgiana  Greville,  eldest  daughter 
of  the  late  flon.  Robert  Fulke  Greville  and 
Louisa  Countess  of  Mansfield,  and  has 
issue  six  surviving  daughters  ;  7.  Lady 
Mary  Elizabeth  Cathcart ;  8.  Lady  Au- 
gusta Sophia  Cathcart ;  and  9.  Capt.  the 
Hon.  Adolphus  Frederick  Cathcart,  who 
married  in  1832  Margaret,  second  daugh- 
ter of  William  F.  Home,  esq. 

The  present  Earl  (late  Lord  Greenock) 
is  a  Lieut. -General  in  the  army.  Governor 
of  Edinburgh  Castle,  Commander  of  the 
Forces  in  Scotland,  K.C.B.  &c.  He 
married  in  1818  Henrietta,  second  daugh- 
ter of  Thomas  Mather,  esq.  and  has  issue. 

There  are  portraits  of  the  late  Earl 
Cathcart,  by  Hoppner,  engraved  by 
Meyer,  in  large  folio  ;  also  by  Scriven,  in 
octavo ;  and  by  Bestland,  in  Cadell's  Con- 
temporary Portraits. 


Louisa  Countess  of  Mansfield. 

July  II.  At  Richmond,  aged  85,  the 
Right  Hon.  Louisa  Greville,  Countess 
of  Mansfield,  co.  Nottingham. 

Her  Ladyship  was  born  in  London  July 
1,  1758,  the  third  and  youngest  daughter 
of  Charles  ninth  Lord  Cathcart,  by  Jane, 
daughter  of  Lord  Archibald  Hamilton 
(seventh  son  of  William  Duke  of  Hamil. 


ton,  K.G.)  and  Lady  Jane  Hamilton, 
daughter  of  James  sixth  Earl  of  Aber- 
com.  She  was  married  May  5,  1776,  to 
David  Murray,  seventh  Viscount  of 
Stormont,  a  peer  of  the  kingdom  of  Scot- 
land, being  his  second  wife.  His  uncle 
William,  Chief  Justice  of  the  King's 
Bench  in  England,  had  been  created 
Baron  of  Mansfield,  co.  Nottingham,  in 
the  year  1756.  In  the  same  year  with 
Lady  Stormont's  marriage  he  was  raised 
to  an  earldom,  and  because,  he  had  no 
issue  himself,  the  remainder  was  then 
limited  to  Louisa  Viscountess  Stormont ; 
and  to  her  instead  of  her  husband,  because 
the  legal  doctrine  then  prevailed,  that  no 
English  peerage  could  be  conferred  on  nor 
even  limited  in  remainder  to  a  Scotch 
peer.  When  a  contrary  law  was  estab- 
lished, the  Chief  Justice  was,  by  another 
patent  in  1792,  created  Earl  of  Mans- 
field in  Middlesex,  with  remainder  to  his 
nephew.  On  the  death  of  the  Chief 
Justice,  therefore,  March  20,  1793,  the 
two  Earldoms  of  Mansfield  were  inherited 
respectively  by  David  Viscount  Stormont, 
and  the  Viscountess  his  wife.  She  be- 
came a  widow  by  the  death  of  the  Earl 
Sept.  1,  1796;  and  married,  secondly, 
Oct.  19,  1797,  her  cousin-german  the 
Right  Hon.  Robert  Fulke  Greville,  third 
son  of  Francis  first  Earl  of  Wanvick  (by 
Elizabeth  daughter  of  Lord  Archibald 
Hamilton),  and  uncle  to  the  present  Earl. 
He  died  April  27,  1824. 

By  the  Earl  of  Mansfield  the  Countess 
had  issue  four  sons  and  one  daughter,  and 
by  Mr.  Greville  two  daughters  and  one 
son,  the  whole  of  whom,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  eldest,  are  surviving ;  viz.  by 
the  Earl  of  Mansfield — 1.  William  late 
Earl  of  Mansfield,  who  married  Frede- 
rica,  daughter  of  the  Most  Rev.  William 
Markland,  D.D.  Lord  Archbishop  of 
York,  and  died  in  1840,  leaving  issue 
the  present  Earl  (who  succeeds  his  grand- 
mother in  the  older  Earldom)  and  a  nu- 
merous family  ;  2.  Lieut. -Gen.  the  Hon. 
George  Murray,  unmarried ;  3.  Major  the 
Hon.  Charles  Murray,  who  married  in 
1802  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
John  Law,  D.D.  and  has  issue;  3.  Major. 
Gen.  the  Hon.  Henry  Murray,  C.B.  who 
married  in  1810  Emily,  daughter  of  Ge- 
rald de  Visme,  esq.  and  has  issue;  5. 
Lady  Caroline  Murray,  unmarried.  By 
Mr.  Greville — 6.  Lady  Georgiana,  mar- 
ried in  1824  to  her  cousin  the  Hon.  George 
Cathcart,  and  has  issue ;  7.  Lady  Louisa, 
married  in  1825  to  the  Rev.  Daniel  He- 
neage  Finch- Hatton,  only  brother  to  the 
present  Earl  of  Winchilsea  and  Notting- 
ham, and  has  issue ;  and  8.  the  Hon.  Ro- 
bert Fulke  Greville,  Capt.  35th  Foot, 
who  married  in  1822  Georgiana-Cecilia, 


1843.] 


Chief  Justice  Bushe. — Sir  T.  Hislop. 


31? 


daughter  of  Charles  Locke,  esq.  and  has 
issue  one  son. 

Her  Ladyship  leaves  at  least  twenty- 
five  grandchildren,  and  some  great-grand- 
children. 

The  remains  of  the  late  Dowager 
Countess  were  deposited  in  the  vault  of 
the  Earl  of  Warwick,  at  St.  Mary's 
church,  in  that  borough.  The  body  lay 
in  state  at  the  Warwick  Arms.  The 
coffin  bore  the  following  inscription : — 
**  Louisa,  in  her  own  right  Countess  of 
Mansfield,  county  of  Nottingham,  3d 
daughter  of  Charles  9th  Earl  *  Cathcart, 
Widow  of  David  2d  Earl  of  Mansfield, 
county  of  Middlesex,  and  secondly  of  the 
Hon.  Robert  P'ulke  Greville,  Third  son 
of  Francis  1st  Earl  of  Warwick.  Died 
nth  July,  1843,  in  her  85thf  year.»' 

Chief  Justice  Bushe. 

July  7.  At  Furry  Park,  the  villa  re- 
sidence of  his  son,  near  Raheny,  co. 
Dublin,  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Charles 
Kendal  Bushe,  Chief  Justice  of  the 
Queen's  Bench  in  Ireland,  and  a  Bencher 
of  the  Queen's  Inns. 

He  was  appointed  Third  Serjeant  July 
1805,  Solicitor- General  for  Ireland  in 
October  of  the  same  year,  and  Chief 
Justice  of  the  King's  Bench  and  a  Privy 
Councillor  in  Feb.  1822.  He  had  not 
long  retired  from  the  bench,  with  a  pen- 
sion of  3000/. 

The  Dublin  Evening  Mail  remarks 
upon  this  occasion: — "A  great  light  has 
been  extinguished ;  and  the  brilliant,  the 
classical,  the  eloquent — he  whose  talents 
shed  a  lustre  upon  the  senate  and  the  bar 
— whose  virtues  reflected  an  honour  upon 
the  bench — whose  wit  illuminated  every- 
thing it  touched — whose  vivacity  gave  life 
and  cheerfulness  and  spirit  to  all  within 
its  sphere — is  no  more ; — Bushe,  the 
orator  and  statesman — Bushe,  the  advo- 
cate and  the  lawyer — Bushe,  the  scholar 
and  the  gentleman,  has  ceased  to  be !  He 
was  great  amongst  great  men,  and  shone 
as  a  bright  star  in  that  galaxy  of  talent, 
when  competitors  for  fame  had  to  contend 
with  such  as  Flood  and  Grattan — Pon- 
sonby  and  Curran — Saurin  and  Plunkett, 
and  others  of  equal  note,  with  whom  it 
was  his  fortune  to  enter  the  public  arena, 
and  by  whom  it  was  never  his  fate  to  be 
discomfited.  Asa  public  or  professional 
man,  the  late  Chief  Justice  perhaps  never 
had  his  equal  for  varied  acquirements  and 
literary  knowledge  and  taste.  In  private 
life  he  was  warmhearted,  kind,  and  affec- 
tionate ;  and  by,  and  in  his  own  family, 
and  within  his  more  immediate  circle,  he 
was  rather  adored  than  beloved." 

*  Lord.  t  ^^^  y€»f« 


He  had  come  up  from  his  seat,  Kil- 
murry,  co.  Kilkenny,  only  a  few  days 
before  his  death,  on  a  short  visit  to  his  son, 
Thomas  Bushe,  esq.  and  was  in  the  enjoy, 
ment  of  as  good  health  as  he  had  had  for 
some  time,  orsince  his  retirement  from  the 
bench.  A  sudden  suffusion  on  the  brain 
was  the  immediate  cause  of  his  death. 

His  remains  were  interred,  July  14,  in 
the  cemetery  of  Mount  Jerome,  attended 
by  Lord  Plunket  and  his  two  sons,  Mr. 
H.  Grattan,  M.P.  the  Surgeon-General, 
and  the  family  of  the  deceased. 

A  portrait  of  Chief  Justice  Bushe  was 
published  in  1842,  printed  by  W.  Steven- 
son, and  engraved  by  D.  Lucas,  which 
we  find  characterised  by  a  critic  who  did 
not  know  the  original,  as  "  the  represen- 
tation of  a  fine  aged  man,  with  a  high 
forehead  and  thoughtful  expression.'' 


Gen.  Sia  T.  Hislop,  G.C.B. 

May  3.  At  Charlton,  Kent,  in  his  79th 
year,  SirThomas  Hislop,  Bart,  and  G.C.B. 
a  General  in  the  army,  Colonel  of  the  48th 
Foot,  and  Equerry  to  H.R.H.  the  Duke 
of  Cambridge. 

Sir  Thomas  Hislop  was  born  July  5, 
1764,  the  third  and  youngest  son  of 
Lieut.- Col.  William  Hislop,  Roy.  Art. 
His  two  elder  brothers  were  both  slain 
in  India ;  the  former,  James,  aid-de- 
camp to  Sir  Eyre  Coote,  K.B.  at  the 
battle  of  Polilore.in  1781 ;  and  the  latter, 
William,  Capt.  R.  Art.  in  1782. 

Sir  Thomas  received  a  warrant  as  a 
Cadet  in  the  Royal  Artillery,  March  31, 
1778,  from  which  period,  till  Dec.  1779, 
he  pursued  his  professional  studies  at  the 
Royal  Military  Academy  at  Woolwich. 
He  had  been  appointed  the  28th  Dec. 
1778,  to  an  Ensigncy  in  the  39th  foot, 
and  the  20th  of  July,  1780.  joined  that 
corps  at  Gibraltar,  where  it  was  in  gar- 
rison, and  where  he  served  with  it  from 
the  beginning  to  the  end  of  the  subse- 
quent bombardment  and  siege.  The 
28th  of  Jan.  1783,  he  was  promoted  to  a 
Lieutenancy,  and  his  regiment  continued 
at  Gibraltar  until  the  middle  of  Novem. 
ber  following,  when  it  was  relieved,  and, 
after  having  served  in  that  garrison  for 
three  years  and  ten  months,  returned  with 
it  to  England.  The  28th  Jan.  1785,  he 
obtained  a  Company  in  the  100th;  and 
the  4th  of  the  following  month  exchanged 
into  the  39th.  In  Dec.  1792  he  was 
appointed  aid-de-camp  to  Maior-Gen. 
Dundas,  and  as  such  served  with  him  in 
Ireland,  until  he  was  ordered  to  England, 
and  from  thence  to  Toulon,  whither  this 
officer  accompanied  him,  continued  during 
the  siege  of  that  place,  and  until  the  finid 
evacuation  of  it  by  the  combined  forces^ 


3  js  OBiruAMT.— (3«i.  Sir  T.  Hishp,  G.C.B. 

1..  the  eomt  oi  the   •foremcntioned 

ilff  Cipr.  HWop  WM  pretent  with  the 

SSor^oeiml  at  the  sortie  made  under 

SrlLrtJciitor  command  against  the  French 

^laoatbt  beightf  of  Arennea,  the  30th 

SfNor.  i  793,  and  on  which  occasion 

JUeat.-Gen-  O'Hara,  tha  Commander. 

io-Qdei,  was  taken  prisoner;  and  the 

chief  coamand  of  His  Majesty's  troops 

derolving  on  Major- Oen.  Dundas,  he,  m 

eoBsequence  of  the  resi^tion  of  Capt. 

O'Hara,  of  the  67th  reciment,  who  held 

the   appointment   of   Deput^-Adjtttant- 

Genenubycommissioo,  appointed  Capt. 

Hislop  to  that  situation.    The  troops, 

after  the  evacuation  of  Toulon,  having 

been  convayed  by  his  Majesty's  ships  to 

the  Bay  of  Hieres,  an  expedition  against 

the  Island  of  Corsica  was  planned,  and  in 

Jan.  1794  sailed  for  its  destination.  The 

first  operations   of  the  campaign  being 

crowned  with  success  by  the  defeat  of  the 


[Sept. 

nth  West  India  regiment,  his  M^esty 
conferred  on  him  the  rank  of  Lieut.- 
Colonel  Commandant  of  the  same.  The 
command  of  those  colonies  he  continued 
uninterruptedly  to  hold  for  six  years  and 
eight  months,  when,  at  the  conclusion  of 
the  war,  on  the  2nd  Dec.  1802,  he  gave 
them  over,  pursuant  to  His  Majesty's 
commands,  to  the  Batavian  government. 

A  brevet  promotion  having  taken  place 
in  the  army  in  the  early  part  of  this  year, 
on  the  29th  of  April  he  was  included 
therein,  and  appointed  Colonel  of  the  8th 
West  India  regiment.  Orders  were  soon 
after  given  for  the  drafting  of  that  regi- 
ment, and  his  services  being  no  longer 
required  in  the  West  Indies,  he  re- 
turned  to  England  in  the  beginning  of 
Feb.  1803.  His  Majesty  was  in  the 
mean  time  pleased  to  order  the  drafting 
of  his  regiment  to  be  discontinued,  and 
on  the  25th  of  Dec.  1803  it  was  put  on  the 


enemy,  and  the  consequent  reduction  of     establishment  as    the    8th   West    India 

the  town  and  fortress  of  St.  Fiorenza,     — " '      '^-  ^' '    '    -  "     '     '  • 

the  Mijor- General  sent  home  Capt. 
Hklop  with  his  official  dispatches,  an- 
Bouncing  that  event.  In  May  following 
the  late  Lord  Amherst,  Commander-in- 
Chief,  appointed  him  one  of  his  aids-de 
camp,  in  which  situation  be  continued 
until  the  16th  of  Aug.  of  the  same  year, 
yrhem  he  succeeded  to  the  majority  of  the 
regiment,  and  during  the  period  of  his 
h<3ding  the  rank  of  Major,  he  bad  his 
liigesty's  special  leave  to  be  employed  in 
Germany,  m  the  service  of  His  Royal 
Highness  the  Prince  of  Wales.  On  his 
final  return  from  that  country  he 


regiment.  On  his  arrival  in  Fngland  he 
found  that  he  had  been  placed  on  the 
Staff  of  the  Windward  and  Leeward 
Islands,  and  in  May  following  he  was 
ordered  to  proceed  to  take  upon  him  the 
command  of  the  troops  in  tne  Island  of 
Trinidad,  his  Majestv  conferring  on  him 
at  the  same  time  nis  commission  as 
Lieut.-  Governor  of  that  colony.  In  con. 
sequence  of  this  order  he  arrived  at  Trini- 
dad  on  the  18th  of  July,  1803,  and  con. 
tinued  to  serve  in  it  as  a  Brigadier. Gene- 
ml  until  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major. 
General  the  25th  Oct.  1809.  He  left 
Trinidad  on  the  10th  of  Jan.  1810,  and 


. return  trom  tbat  country  he  was     ._ .«>.  .^.~  ^.  «,„...  .„.«,  ,«» 

promoted,  the  25th  of  April,  1795,  to  the     joined  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  George  Beckwith 
rank  of    Lieut.- Colonel    in    the   115th     at    Martinique,  and  was  appointed    to 


regiment,  and  in  Sept.  1795  was  removed 
to  the  39tb.  In  Feb.  1796  he  sailed  for 
the  West  Indies,  and  arrived  at  Bar- 
badoes  on  the  1st  of  April  following.  On 
the  16th  of  the  same  month  a  secret  ser- 
vice  having  been  ordered  by  Lieut.- Gen. 
Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  then  Commander- 
in-Chief  in  the  West  Indies,  of  which  the 
^th  regiment  formed  a  part,  Lieut.- 
Col.  Hislop  proceeded  with  it  to  its  des- 
tination, which  was  against  the  Dutch 
colonies  of  Demcrara,  Essequibo,  and 
Berbice,  all  of  which  surrendered  by  ca- 
pitulation. 

Lieut.- Colonel  Hislop  was  left  there 
with  the  military  command,  and  the  in- 
habitants having  immediately  determined 
to  raise  a  corps  from  among  their  Negro 
slaves  for  the  defence  and  protection  of 
the  colonies,  and  the  offer  being  accepted 
by  Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  this  officer 
was  nominated  the  0th  of  Sept.  1796, 
Lieut. -Colonel  thereof,  and  the  corps 
being  afterwards  put  upon  the  establish, 
ment  of  the  ftrmy*  fad  denQminated  the 


command  the  1st  division  of  the  army 
destined  to  attack  the  Island  of  Guada. 
loupe,  beinff  at  the  same  time  the  second 
in  command  of  the  expedition.  The  cam- 
paign having  terminated  successfully,  and 
after  he  had  remained  at  Guadaloupe 
until  all  important  arrangements  were 
made,  the  Commander  of  the  Forces  per- 
mitted  him  to  return  to  Trinidad,  where 
he  arrived  on  the  1 7th  of  March  following, 
and  continued  in  the  command  until  the 
24th  of  April,  1811,  when  he  obtained 
leave  to  return  to  England  for  the  general 
benefit  of  his  health,  in  some  degree  im- 
paired, after  an  almost  uninterrupted  re- 
sidence of  fifteen  years  in  the  West  Indies. 
This  object  being  in  a  few  months  at. 
tained,  he  reported  himself  ready  and 
desirous  of  being  employed  wherever 
the  Commander-in-Chief  should  think 
proper  to  order;  and  in  consequence 
thereof,  on  the  28th  of  March,  1812,  he 
was  appointed  on  the  staff  of  Bombay 
with  the  local  rank  of  Lieut.- GenersJ, 
together  with  the  appointment  by  the 


1843.] 


Obituary.— Af(i/.-GTfii.  C  S,  Flagon* 


319 


Honourable  the  Court  of  Directors  of 
Commander-in-Chief  of  their  army  at 
that  presidency.  For  this  destination  he 
sailed  on  the  15th  of  Nov.  following,  in 
H.M.  frigate  Java,  and  on  the  29th  of 
JXec.  ensuing  was  captured  off  Sc.  Sal- 
vador, on  the  coast  of  Brazil,  by  the 
United  States*  frigate  Constitution,  of 
vastly  superior  force,  after  a  contest  the 
most  disproportionate  and  severe  ;  in 
which  Capt.  Lambert,  Commander  of  His 
Majesty's  ship,  was  mortally  wounded, 
and  died  in  consequence  five  days  after. 
Sir  Thomas  Hislop  being  permitted  to 
land  at  St.  Salvador  on  his  parole,  returned 
to  England  in  a  cartel  with  his  personal 
staff,  and  the  remaining  part  of  the  Java's 
ship's  company,  and  arrived  at  Ports- 
mouth on  the  17th  April,  1813.  His 
exchange  being  effected  very  soon  after, 
he  was  on  the  point  of  again  embarking 
for  his  former  destination  when  the  com- 
mand of  the  Madras  army  becoming  vacant 
by  the  resignation  of  Lieut. -General 
Abercromby,  he.  Sir  Thomas  Hislop, 
was  appointed  to  it.  On  the  1st  of  Jan. 
1614<,  he  sailed  in  His  Majesty's  frigate 
Revolutionnaire  for  that  presidency,  to 
relieve  the  general  officer  before  named, 
where  he  arrived  on  27th  of  May  following. 
Having  landed  at  Madras  the  same 
evening,  he  was  immediately  sworn  into 
the  council  as  the  senior  member  thereof, 
in  virtue  of  his  appointment  of  Com- 
mander-in-Chief, and  forthwith  invested 
with  the  chief  command  of  the  army  on 
the  coast  of  Coromandel. 

The  4th  of  June,  1814,  he  received  the 
rank  of  Lieut.- General,  and  the  4th  of 
Aprilj  1818,  the  Colonelcy  of  the  late 
95th,  formerly  the  96th  regiment.  In 
the  operations  of  the  campaign  which  led 
to  the  overthrow  and  suppression  of  the 
Pindarries  and  the  Mahratta  princes.  Sir 
Thomas  Hislop  performed  an  important 
part.  He  assumed  the  command  of  the 
Becean  army  pursuant  to  general  orders 
issued  at  Hyderabad  27th  Aug.  1817. 
After  the  defeat  of  Holkar  one  of  the  first 
results  was  orders  to  deliver  up  certain 
fortresses  which  protected  his  territories, 
some  of  which  were  executed  by  Sir  Thos. 
Hislop.  One  of  the  Holkar^s  officers, 
who  commanded  the  fort  of  Talnier, 
refused  to  surrender  it ;  he,  as  well  ae  the 
whole  garrison,  were  put  to  the  sword  on 
the  capture  of  the  fort,  by  Sir  Thomas 
Hislop.  This  circumstance  became  a 
subject  of  much  discussion  in  Parliament, 
and  the  vote  to  Sir  Thomas  Hislop  was 
opposed  in  both  houses,  on  the  ground 
that  some  further  explanation  of  his  con- 
duct was  requisite^  This  gave  occasion 
for  the  expression  of  the  Duke  of  Wel- 
lington's opinion  in  the  House  oi  Lords, 


that  **  this  gallant  officer  had  acquired  a 
high  character  for  his  services  both  in 
India  and  other  parts  of  the  world  ;  and 
in  the  late  war,  which  was  now  under  their 
Lordships'  consideration,  he  had  per- 
formed the  chief  part  in  the  engagement 
which  decided  the  ultimate  success  of  our 
arms.  His  conduct,  therefore,  deserved 
to  be  viewed  with  a  partial  eye,  and  the 
act  for  which  he  was  blamed  seemed 
to  admit  of  justification.''  Sir  Thomas 
Hislop  remained  for  some  time  after  in 
his  command  at  Madras. 

He  was  created  a  Baronet  by  patent 
dated  Nov.  2,  1813;  on  the  extension  of 
the  order  of  the  Bath,  was  appointed  a 
Knight  Commander ;  and,  in  Oct.  1818, 
promoted  to  the  dignity  of  a  Grand  Cross 
of  that  order. 

He  received,  in  1822,  an  honourable 
augmentation  to  his  arms, — on  a  chief 
azure,  a  mount  vert,  thereon  a  lion  in  the 
act  of  tearing  the  standard  of  the  Mahratta 
prince  Holkar,  and,  beneath,  the  word 
Maoripore.  Also  a  crest  of  augmenta- 
tion,— a  soldier  of  the  22nd  light  dragoons 
mounted  and  in  the  position  of  attack, 
surmounted  by  the  Inscription  Deckan. 

He  was  for  many  years  an  equerry  to 
his  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Cam- 
bridge. 

He  married,  Oct.  30,  1823,  Emma, 
daughter  of  the  Right  Hon.  Hugh  Elliot, 
Governor  of  Madras,  by  whom  he  had 
issue  a  daughter,  Emma-Eleanor- Eliza- 
beth, born  in  1824. 


Major- Gen.  C.  6.  Fagan. 

May  26.  At  Conock  Mancr-House, 
near  Devizes,  Major- Gen.  Christopher 
S.  Fagan,  C.B.  of  the  Bengal  establish- 
ment. 

This  officer  went  out  to  India  as  a 
cadet  in  1798,  and  was  promoted  to 
be  Ensign  in  the  18th  Native  Infantry 
Sept.  28,  1799;  and  to  Lieut.  28th 
Oct.  following.  He  joined  the  2nd 
battalion  of  the  regiment  in  quarters  at 
Dinapoor  in  May  1801  ;  and  in  Nov. 
following  marched  with  it  as  part  of  the 
escort  of  the  Capt.-Gen.  and  Commander- 
in-Chief,  Lord  Wellesley,  on  his  tour 
through  the  upper  provinces  in  1801-2. 

The  Mahratta  war,  which  broke  out  in 
1803,  calling  nearly  the  whole  of  the 
Bengal  army  into  tlie  field,  this  officer's 
corps  formed  part  of  a  detaefament  destined 
for  the  conquest  of  the  province  of  Bun- 
dlecund,  on  which  occasion  the  adjutant 
of  the  corps  being  temporarily  removed  to 
a  superior  staff  situation,  Lieut.  Fagan, 
although  a  very  young  officer,  was  selected 
by  his  commandant  to  officiate  for  him. 
He  was  present  in  the  aetion  with  the 
enemy  on  the  12tii  Oct.  1803,  and  at  the 


320 


Obituary. — MaJ.^Gen.  O'Malley,  C.B. 


[Sept. 


reduction  immediately  afterwards  of  many 
strong  forts  in  that  province.  In  Dec. 
following  the  corps,  with  another,  was 
detached  to  aid  a  division  of  the  grand 
army  in  the  reduction  of  Gualior,  in 
which  arduous  and  interesting  service  he 
was  appointed  to  act  as  an  engineer. 
After  the  fall  of  that  celebrated  and  before 
deemed  impregnable  fortress,  he  returned 
with  the  corps  to  his  former  detachment. 
The  irruption  of  a  large  Mahratta  army 
into  Bundlecund,  under  Ameer  Khan, 
took  place  at  this  period.  May  1801,  and 
was  the  precursor  of  proceedings  me- 
morable for  the  judicial  investigations  they 
gave  rise  to  ;  but  far  more  so  for  the 
dreadful  hardships,  sickness,  and  mor- 
tality, to  which  the  troops  were  subjected 
during  the  hottest  season  remembered  for 
many  years  in  India.  In  the  whole  of 
these  scenes  this  officer  was  present,  on 
one  occasion  escaping  most  narrowly  from 
fulling  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  On 
the  2nd  of  July  he  was  present  when 
Lieut.- Col.  Martindell,  with  a  select 
part  of  his  force,  attacked  and  routed  a 
large  body  in  a  formidable  encampment 
on  the  hills  near  Passwarree,  and,  on  the 
28th  of  the  same  month,  having  bad  the 
adjutancy  of  his  battalion  conferred  on 
him  by  Lord  Lake  a  few  days  before,  he 
was  severely  wounded  in  an  attempt  to 
carry  by  a  coup-de-main  the  strong  hill- 
fort  of  Saitpoor.  One  of  four  attacking 
columns,  composed  of  the  battalion  com- 
panies  of  his  corps,  was  ordered  to  force 
Dy  blowing  open  the  gates,  and  from 
particular  circumstances  it  fell  to  the  lot 
of  this  officer  to  have  the  honour  of 
rallying  and  leading  the  head  of  it  in  five  or 
six  different  attempts  on  the  main  gate,  the 
entire  front  was  atone  time  knocked  down. 
After  a  month^s  siege,  however,  the  place 
capitulated  ;  but  such  service  among  the 
hills  in  that  climate  and  season, — the  perio- 
dical rains,  was  not  to  be  carried  on  with. 
out  severe  sufferings ;  and  accordingly,  on 
the  day  Saitpoor  fell,  a  dreadful  fever  broke 
out  among  the  troops,  which,  in  its  effects 
and  consequences,  was  far  more  fatal  than 
any  thing  before  experienced.  Scarcely 
an  officer  or  man  escaped  ;  Lieut.  Fagan 
was  attacked  by  it  when  just  beginning 
to  recover  from  his  wound,  and,  with 
two  or  three  of  his  brother  officers,  was 
given  over  by  the  surgeons  at  the  same 
time.  The  detachment  returned  to  Culpee 
on  the  banks  of  the  Jumna,  and  on  its 
arrival  there  were  only  three  officers  with 
a  few  men  around  the  colours  of  both 
battalions  of  the  18th  regiment  ;  the 
remainder  were  all  in  hospital,  and  the 
province  altogether,  from  its  unhealthiness 
at  this  period,  was  styled  by  the  Europeans 
the  "  St.  Domingo  of  the  East." 
12 


After  a  halt  of  two  months,  during 
which  the  detachment  was  considerably 
reinforced  and  recruited,  it  was  called  to 
aid  in  the  operations  of  the  war  against 
Holkar.  This  officer  had  now  attained 
the  Captain- Lieutenancy  of  his  regiment, 
and  he  was,  it  is  believed,  the  first  officer 
on  the  Bengal  establishment  who  arrived 
at  that  rank  within  so  short  a  period. 

Until  May  1806  Capt.  Fagan  served 
with  his  corps  in  the  same  detachment. 
The  rains  of  this  year  were  passed  under 
canvass  at  Jhansi,  on  the  southern  fron- 
tier of  the  province,  and  the  season  was 
nearly  as  fatal  as  the  preceding  one,  from 
the  general  sickness  and  mortality  that 
prevailed. 

The  war  with  the  Mahratta  states 
having  been  brought  to  a  close,  Capt. 
Fagan  obtained  his  first  leave  of  absence 
to  re-establish  his  health.  At  the  end  of 
six  months  he  rejoined  his  battalion,  then 
relieved  and  in  cantonments  across  the 
Ganges.  To  fill  up  his  ranks,  and  rq- 
store  its  drill  and  discipline,  (for  he  still 
held  the  adjutantcy,)  became  the  duty  of 
this  officer,  and  he  performed  it  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  (as  repeatedly  acknow- 
ledged) of  his  commanding  officer.  His 
promotion  to  a  company,  in  1808,  de- 
prived him  of  this  situation.  In  Sept. 
1809,  the  Com. -in -Chief,  Lieut.-Gen. 
Hewett,  conferred  on  him  the  fort-adju- 
tantcy  and  barrack -mastership  of  Chunar. 
His  successor,  Sir  G.  Nugent,  removed 
him  to  the  more  important  post  of  prin- 
cipaf  agent  for  army  clothing,  and  he  suc- 
ceeded to  a  majority  in  his  regiment  in 
Oct.  1815. 

The  removal  of  Major  Fagan,  by  his 
staff  appointment,  from  the  regimental 
duties  of  his  profession,  did  not  prevent 
his  being  actively  employed ;  on  the  in- 
crease of  the  Bengal  army  in  1814,  he 
was  selected  to  join  two  battalions  of  in- 
fantry, one  for  local,  the  other  for  general 
service ;  this  last,  numbered  the  1st  butt. 
29th,  was  entirely  disciplined  by  him, 
and  he  performed  the  duty  so  much  to 
the  satisfaction  of  Lord  Hastings,  whose 
bead. quarters  happened  to  be  at  the  same 
station  that  year,  that  he  was  appointed, 
in  1817,  to  raise  and  discipline  an  in- 
fantry  levy  for  the  general  service  of  the 
army. 

He  obtained  the  rank  of  Lieut. -Colo- 
Del  in  1821,  of  Colonel  in  1829,  and  of 
Major.  General  in  183-. 

Major- Gen.  O'Malley,  C.B. 

May  16.  Major- Gen.  George  O'Mal- 
ley, C.B.  for  many  years  commanding  the 
88th  Regiment,  or  Connaught  Rangers. 

Previous  to  entering  the  regular  army 
this  officer  served  in  the  rebellion  of  Ire- 


i843.] 


OniTVkJLY. '^Maj\'Gen,  O'Malley,  C.B» 


321 


land  in  the  yeomanry  and  militia  services 
of  that  country.  He  joined  in  17 98,  as 
a  volunteer,  the  yeomanry  cavalry  corps 
of  Castlebar,  the  day  previous  to  that 
town  being  attacked  and  taken  by  the 
French  force,  under  Gen.  Humbert ;  and 
in  consequence  of  there  being  no  other 
officer  present  with  the  corps,  he  was 
called  to  the  command  of  it  by  the  non- 
commissioned officers  and  private  men,  in 
which  command  he  continued,  and  moved 
with  the  army  under  the  command  of  the 
Marquess  Cornwallis,  until  it  was  ascer- 
tained that  the  French  army  had  quitted 
Castlebar,  when  his  lordship's  army  took 
a  different  route  to  what  was  intended, 
and  Mr.  O'Malley  received  orders  to  re- 
pair with  the  corps  under  his  command  to 
that  town,  and  endeavour  to  restore  order 
and  tranquillity  there.  In  the  course  of  a 
fortnight  after  his  return  to  Castlebar, 
the  town  was  attacked  by  a  formidable 
rebel  force,  amounting  to  near  3000  men, 
aided  by  some  French  officers,  at  whieh 
time  there  was  no  force  to  meet  them 
but  about  fifty  yeomanry,  and  one  com- 
pany of  about  fifty  men  of  the  Frazier 
Fencibles,  with  about  sixty  of  the  inha- 
bitants, who  it  was  thought  could  be  re- 
lied on,  and  who  volunteered  their  ser- 
vices on  the  occasion.  After  several  very 
determined  attacks  on  the  town,  the  rebel 
army  was  routed  with  great  loss.  This 
officer  contributed  very  materially  to  this 
result  by  the  dispositions  which  he 
made,  in  conjunction  with  the  Captain 
who  commanded  the  Fraziers,  for  defend- 
ing the  several  passes  leading  to  the 
town.  He  was  immediately  after  this 
confirmed  by  the  Lord  Lieutenant  as  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  Castlebar  yeomanry 
cavalry,  and  soon  afterwards  joined  the 
North  Mayo  reg.  of  Militia,  with  the 
view  to  volunteering  therefrom  into  the 
line,  which  he  did  on  the  first  opportu- 
nity, and  joined  the  13th  regiment  of  foot 
as  Ensign,  the  23d  Feb.  1800,  in  which 
year  he  embarked  and  served  with  that 
corps  in  the  expedition  to  Ferrol,  as  well 
as  in  the  expedition  to  Egypt  in  1801.  He 
served  in  Egypt  nearly  twelve  months, 
and  was  present  in  several  of  the  actions, 
and  severely  wounded  in  that  of  the  13th 
March,  1801.  He  afterwards  did  duty 
in  the  garrison  of  Malta  and  Gibraltar 
until  Sept.  1863,  when  he  returned  home, 
and,  after  being  successfully  employed  on 
the  recruiting  service  in  Ireland,  was  pro- 
moted to  a  Company  in  the  89th,  in  April 
1805,  the  2d  battalion  of  which  corps  he 
joined  and  served  with  in  England,  till  a 
letter  of  service  was  granted  to  the  pre- 
sent Viscount  Dillon  for  raising  the 
101st  regiment,  to  which  this  officer  was 
appointed  Major,  and  by  bis  exertions 
Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


and  personal  influence  contributed  most 
materially  in  recruiting  and  establishing 
that  corps. 

He  wasconstantly  present  with  thelOlst, 
upwards  of  seven  years  in  Ireland,  Jersey, 
North  America,  and  the  West  Indies. 
He  was  detached  with  300  men  of  that 
regiment  in  the  year  1808,  to  St.  John's, 
New  Brunswick,  the  garrison  of  which 
place  he  commanded  at  a  time  when  a 
war  was  expected  with  America,  and 
when,  from  the  dispositions  made  by  the 
Americans  in  assembling  a  large  force  in 
the  neighbourhood,  &c.  it  was  imagined 
that  a  sudden  attack  would  have  been 
made  on  the  garrison  of  St.  John's,  in 
order  to  seize  the  ordnance  stores,  &e; 
which  were  there.  In  the  summer,  prior 
to  his  taking  the  command  of  that  garri. 
son,  and  at  all  times,  more  or  less,  since 
the  first  American  war,  desertions  from  it 
were  very  prevalent  to  the  states  of  Ame- 
rica. He  was,  however,  fortunate  enough 
by  the  arrangements  which  he  made,  and 
by  defeating  a  few  individual  attempts  at 
desertion,  to  conquer  that  spirit  altoge- 
ther, and  during  about  eleven  months 
that  he  commanded  at  St.  John's  a  gar- 
rison composed  of  Irish  soldiers,  no  in- 
dividual whatever  was  lost  to  the  service 
by  desertion  :  in  consideration  of  which, 
and  of  the  arrangements  he  made  for  the 
defence  of  St.  John's,  when  it  was  ima- 
gined it  would  have  been  attacked  by  the 
Americans,  together  with  the  exempUiry 
good  conduct  of  the  troops  during  his 
command  of  the  garrison,  the  freedom  of 
the  city  of  London  was  voted  at  a  com- 
mon council,  held  on  the  19th  July,  1809« 
He  then  received  orders  to  proceed  to 
Jamaica,  where  he  remained  nearly  four 
years,  at  a  time  when  he  was  most 
anxious  to  have  returned  home,  in  order 
to  have  joined  the  army  in  the  Peninsula; 
but,  being  in  the  command  of  the  lOlst. 
no  leave  of  absence  was  granted  him  till 
relieved  therefrom,  in  July  1813,  when 
he  quitted  Jamaica,  and  arrived  in  Sept. 
of  the  same  year  in  England.  He  imme- 
diately ^plied  for  leave  to  be  employed 
with  the  army  in  Spain,  but  this  applica- 
tion was  not  successful,  as  well  as  ano- 
ther he  made  on  the  itevolution  occur- 
ring in  Holland. 

On  Bonaparte's  return  to  France  from 
Elba,  he  again  solicited  permission  to 
join  the  army  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington, 
and  in  consequence  was  removed  to  the 
44th  regiment,  the  2d  battalion  of  which 
corps  he  joined  at  Brussels  the  12th  June, 
1815,  and  served  with  it  in  the  9th  (Sir 
D.  Pack's)  brigade  of  Sir  T.  Picton's, 
the  5th  division,  the  entire  of  that  cam. 
paign,  and  was  from  the  16th  June,  the 
day  on  which  the  army  was  first  engaged, 


322     Obituary.— 22ci?.  T,  Knox,  2).D, — Rev.  S.  Forster,  D.D.    [Sept 

cism,  and  did  not  attach  that  importance 
to  mere  externals,  which  is  so  much  the 
fashion  of  the  present  day. 

His  death  was  awfully  sudden.  He  had 
preached  in  the  morning  in  Tunbridge 
Church,  with  his  accustomed  power,  and 
was  to  have  preached  again  in  the  after- 
noon. He  had  scarcely  entered  the  vestry 
for  that  purpose,  when  he  sank  down  and 
instantly  expired.  It  was  ascertained 
that  the  sad  event  was  caused  by  the  en- 
largement of  the  heart ;  but  so  insidious 
was  the  disease,  that  not  a  single  premo- 
nitory  symptom  had  excited  the  slightest 
suspicion  of  its  presence.  The  touching 
demonstration  of  sorrow  and  respect 
that  took  place  at  his  funeral  shewed 
how  duly  his  virtues  and  labours  were  ap- 
preciated, and  the  high  estimation  in 
which  he  was  personally  holden.  Nearly 
two  hundred  of  his  neighbours  assembled 
in  mourning,  and,  standing  uncovered, 
formed  a  lane,  through  which  his  remains 
were  borne  to  the  grave. 

He  married  Frances,  the  second  daugh- 
ter of  the  late  William  Francis  Woodgate, 
of  Somer  Hill,  near  Tunbridge,  esq. 
She  died  in  1831.  Seven  children  sur- 
vive him;  three  sons  and  four  daughters. 


second  in  command  of  the  brigade,  and 
in  the  entire  command  of  the  2d  battalion 
of  the  44th  regiment ;  which  corps  suf- 
fered  very  severely  in  the  several  actions 
at  Waterloo,  being  at  one  time  reduced  to 
between  100  and  200  men,  and  only  five 
officers.  He  was  twice  wounded  in  the 
action  of  the  18th  June  at  Waterloo,  and 
did  not  quit  the  field  or  the  command 
of  the  44th  reg.  and  had  two  horses 
shot  under  him.  He  continued  in  France 
with  the  2d  battalion  of  the  44th  regi- 
ment, until  Jan.  1816,  when  he  re- 
turned to  England,  and  at  the  reduc- 
tion of  that  corps  was  placed  on  half- 
pay.  For  his  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
Waterloo,  Lieut. -Col.  O'Malley  was  ap- 
pointed a  Companion  of  the  Bath.  The 
12tb  Aug.  1819,  he  was  appointed  to  the 
majority  of  the  38th  Foot. 

He  was  appointed  Lieut.- Colonel  of 
the  88tb,  1823,  brevet  Colonel  1830,  and 
a  Major- General  184-. 

Rev.  Thomas  Knox,  D.D. 

July  23.  Aged  59,  the  Kev.  Thomas 
Knox,  D.D. 

He  was,  during  many  years,  Master  of 
the  Grammar  School  at  Tunbridge,  and 
Rector  of  Runwell  and  Ramsden  Crays 
in  Essex ;  in  all  of  which  he  succeeded 
his  father,  Dr.  Vicesimus  Knox. 

He  was  educated  at  Tunbridge  School, 
under  his  father,  and  was  of  Brasenose 
College,  Oxford,  where  he  graduated 

Although  he  did  not  possess  the  lite- 
rary celebrity  of  his  father,  yet  he  trod 
closely  in  his  steps.  He  ever  displayed 
the  same  disinterestedness  and  independ- 
ence. He  was  a  sound  divine,  an  elo- 
quent preacher,  and  an  eminent  scholar. 
Like  him  also,  he  was  a  steady  and  con- 
sistent Whig.  He  took  a  prominent  part 
in  the  promotion  of  the  Reform  of  Par- 
liament; but,  when  that  measure  was 
accomplished,  withdrew  from  politics. 
He  united  to  the  utmost  kindness  of  na- 
ture singular  energy  of  character,  and 
exhibited  remarkable  perseverance  in  his 
pursuits.  When  not  occupied  in  his  pro- 
fessional duties,  be  was  generally  engaged 
either  in  zealously  advancing  some  object 
bf  public  utility,  or  unostentatiously  allevi- 
ating some  case  of  private  distress.  To  his 
exertions  was  principally  owing  the  ap- 
propriation, by  a  decree  of  the  Court  of 
Chancery, of «  very  largeproportion  of  the 
present  ample  funds  of  Tunbridge  School 
to  the  uses  of  the  foundation. 

He  inculcated  cheerfulness  in  religion, 
which  he  did  not  consider  to  be  opposed 
to  the  cultivation  of  the  embellish- 
ments of  life,  or  to  the  enjoyment  of  in- 
nocent amusements.  He  was  a  de- 
cided enemy  of  every  species  of  fanati- 


R£v.  Samuel  Forster,  D.D. 

July  24*.  At  Shotley,  Suffolk,  in  his 
9l8t  year,  the  Rev.  Samuel  Forster, 
D.D.  Rector  of  that  parish  and  of  Quar- 
rington,  Lincolnshire. 

He  was  the  second  son  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Forster,  Rector  of  Halesworth 
cum  Chediston,  Suffolk;  and  was  educated 
at  Eton,  from  whence  he  went  to  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  pro- 
ceeded B.  A.  1776,  M.A.  1779.  and  D.D. 
1791.  He  was  a  distinguished  classical 
scholar,  and  obtained  the  Chancellor's 
Medal  in  1776,  when  the  celebrated  Gil- 
bert Wakefield  was  his  opponent.  He 
was  formerly  Rector  of  Wainiieet  in  Lin- 
colnshire, to  which  he  was  presented  by 
Lord  Chancellor  Thurlow ;  but  resigned 
it  in  1809  for  Great  and  Little  Chesterford, 
on  the  presentation  of  the  Marquess  of 
Bristol.  In  1816  he  was  presented  to  the 
living  of  Shotley,  and  in  1826  to  Quar- 
rington,  by  the  same  patron  ;  both  which 
preferments  he  held  to  the  time  of  his  de- 
cease. Dr.  Forster  was  also  Head  Master 
of  the  Free  School  at  Norwich  from  1785 
to  1 8 11 .  His  talents  and  scholarship  were 
particularly  adapted  to  the  instruction  of 
youth,  and  bis  mild  and  gentlemanly  man- 
ners justly  endeared  him  to  those  who 
were  placed  under  his  care.  His  latter 
years  were  passed  in  the  retirement  of  his 
parish,  where,  being  incapacitated  by  loss 
of  sight  from  performing  the  duties  of  the 
church,  his  charity  and  benevolence  ren- 


1843.]    Rev.  G.  A,  Browne. — J.  Basset,  Esq.'^Dr.  Hahnemann.    323 

dered  him  highly  esteemed  and  beloved , 
and  his  death  most  deeply  lamented.  A 
portrait  of  Dr.  Forster,  painted  by  Opie 
at  the  request  of  his  pupils,  is  placed  in 
the  library  of  St.  John*s  College,  of 
which  he  was  the  oldest  surviving  mem- 
ber. 

He  married  early  in  life  Miss  Turenne, 
a  lady  of  French  extraction,  by  whom  he 
has  left  a  son,  and  a  daughter,  the  widow 
of  Admiral  Sir  Edward  Berry,  Bart,  who 
distinguished  himself  by  his  gallant  con. 
duct  under  Lord  Nelson,  in  the  battle  of 
the  Nile. 


Rev.  George  Adam  Browne. 

July  4.  At  Cambridge,  aged  69,  the 
Rev.  George  Adam  Browne,  M.  A.  Vice- 
Master  and  Senior  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  and  Rector  of  Rettenden,  Essex. 

Mr.  Browne  was  a  native  of  Gibraltar. 
He  was  educated  on  the  foundation  of 
the  Charter-house  London ;  admitted  a 
sizar  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in 
1791,  elected  scholar  in  1793,  and  gradu- 
ated  B.A.  1795,  without  however  having 
distinguished  himself  by  taking  a  mathe- 
matical honour.  He  was  elected  a  Fel- 
low of  his  college  in  1797,  and  at  the 
time  of  his  death  was  the  Senior  Fellow 
of  that  royal  foundation,  having  been 
elected  to  the  seniority  in  1823.  He  took 
his  M.  A.  degree  in  1798.  In  1796  Mr. 
Browne  obtained  a  third  Member's  Prize 
for  Middle  Bachelors,  and  in  1797  the 
second  of  the  same  prizes  for  Senior  Ba- 
chelors. 

Mr.  Browne  took  the  college  living  of 
Chesterton,  in  this  county,  and  soon  af- 
terwards entirely  rebuilt  the  parsonage 
house.  He  resigned  this  preferment  m 
1835,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev. 
Edward  Arthur  Smedley,  the  present 
respected  incumbent.  In  1838  Mr. 
Browne  was  presented  by  the  Crown  to 
the  rectory  of  Rettenden,  in  the  county 
of  Essex ;  the  value  of  which  is  returned 
at  765/.  Last  year  the  Rev.  John  Brown 
resigned  the  Vice- Mastership  of  Trinity 
College,  and  on  the  1st  of  October  the 
subject  of  these  remarks  was  elected  to 
fill  that  office. 

For  many  years  Mr.  Browne  held  the 
appointment  of  Chaplain  to  his  late  Royal 
Highness  the  Duke  of  Sussex,  with  whose 
friendship  and  confidence  he  was  honoured 
up  to  his  Royal  Highnesses  death,  and  it 
is  believed  that  the  illness  which  occa- 
sioned the  rev.  gendeman's  dea'th  was 
brought  on  by  cold  caught  in  attending 
bis  Royal  Highnesses  funeral.  The  poli- 
tical  principles  of  Mr.  Browne  were  tnose 
which  are  called  **  Liberal,**  and  his  aid 
in  political  contests  was  justly  valued  by 
the  members  of  that  party.    He  was  ft 


most  active,  zealous,  and  talented  Free- 
mason, and  his  loss  will  be  severely  felt 
and  long  deeply  regretted  by  that  fra- 
ternity. He  became  attached  to  the 
order  very  early  in  life,  having  been  ini- 
tiated in,  the  New  Lodge  of  Cambridge 
(now  the  School  of  Plato)  on  the  16th  of 
March  1796.  He  was  appointed  S.  6. 
Deacon  on  the  union  of  the  two  Grand 
Lodges,  27th  December  1813,  Grand 
Chaplain  in  April  1815,  and  Deputy  Act- 
ing Provincial  Grand  Master  for  Cam- 
bridgeshire and  Huntingdonshire  in  the 
year  1832. 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Browne  his 
body  was  deposited  in  Cheeterton  Church 
by  the  side  of  his  mother. 

John  Basset,  Esq. 

July  4.  At  Boppart,  on  the  Rhine, 
aged  51,  John  Basset,  esq.  of  tipper 
Brook-street,  London,  nephew  to  the 
late  Lord  de  Dunstanville. 

He  was  the  son  of  the  Rev.  John  Bas.^ 
set,  M.A.  Rector  of  lUogan  and  Cam- 
bourne,  in  Cornwall,  by  Mary,  daughter 
of  George  Wingfield,  esq.  of  Durham ; 
and  was  baptized  at  Illogan,  Nov.  28, 
1791.  He  was  elected  M.P.  for  the  bo- 
rough of  Helston  in  1840,  without  oppo- 
sition, but  not  in  184*1. 


Dr.  Hahnemann. 

July  2.  At  Paris,  aged  88,  Dr.  Hahne* 
mann,  the  founder  of  Homoeopathy. 

Dr.  Hahnemann  was  born  in  1755,  at 
Meissen,  of  poor  parents,  and  owed  his 
education  to  the  great  aptitude  for  learn* 
ing  he  gave  evidence  of  at  the  little  school 
where  he  was  first  placed.  He  was  re- 
ceived doctor  in  physic  at  Heidelberg  in 
1781,  and  discovered  in  1790  the  new 
system  which  he  afterwards  designated 
homcK>pathy.  He  continued  untU  1820 
his  experiments  and  researches,  and  then 
published  the  results  of  his  labours,  under 
the  title  of  Matihre  Medicale  Pure.  In 
1829  he  published  his  Theory  (tf  Chrome 
Diseiues,  and  their  Remedies,  of  which  he 
gave  a  second  edition  in  1840.  To  those 
works  must  be  added  his  Organon  de  PArt 
de  Guirir,  which  ran  through  five  editions. 
He  also  published  nearl]r  ^00  dissertations 
on  different  medical  subjects ;  and  he  did 
all  this  whilst  occupied  with  patients, 
which  took  up  firom  ten  to  twelve  houn 
a  day.  He  haa  the  satisfitustion  of  seeing 
his  system,  afterbalf  a  century's  existence, 
spread  over  every  part  of  the  globe  ;  and 
just  before  his  death  he  learned  that  ho- 
moBopathy  was  about  to  have  a  chair  at 
the  University  of  Vienna,  and  bospitali 
in  all  the  Austrian  States,  at  Berlin,  aad 
at  London, 


324 


Obituary.— il/r.  W.  Allston.'^Mr.  Abbott. 


[Sept. 


Mr.  Washington  Allston. 

Lately,  At  Cambridge,  in  America,  in 
his  64th  year,  Mr.  Washington  Allston, 
Associate  of  the  R.A.  the  mostimagina- 
tivepainter  on  that  continent. 

Tnough  nearly  thirt;|r  years  have  elapsed 
since  Mr.  Allston  quitted  England,  and 
his  works  have  since  but  seldom  appeared 
in  our  exhibition  rooms,  we  have  not 
forgetten  some  which  remain  in  our  prin- 
cipal  collections  :  the  £gremont,  Jacob's 
Dream,  and  Elisha ;  Mr.  Labouchere*s 
Elijah  in  the  Desert ;  and  the  Stafford 
Uriel.  We  have  heard  those  curious  in 
pedigree  point  to  Mr.  Allston  as  the 
first  in  that  gorgeous  style  of  perspective 
painting,  which  Martin  and  Danby  have 
so  richly  adorned.  A  still  elder  artist, 
however,  might  be  named,  Paul  Brill. 
Mr.  Allston  occupied  himself  with  other 
graceful  pursuits  besides  bis  own  art.  A 
Tolume  of  poems  was  published  during  his 
residence  in  England,  and  it  is  but  a  year 
or  two  since  that  we  reported  on  his 
Monaldi,  an  Italian  romance  of  con. 
siderable  power. 

He  married  a  sister  of  Dr.  Channing, 
whom  he  survived  some  ye&n,^Athenasum» 

Mr,  Abbott. 

June  7.  At  Baltimore,  aged  54,  Mr. 
William  Abbott,  comedian. 

He  was  born  at  Bath,  then  the  nursery 
of  exeellent  actors,  in  1788,  and  began  his 
theatrical  career  in  that  city ;  whence  his 
▼aried  talent  caused  his  being  transplanted 
to  Coveot  Garden  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
four,  and  appearing  as  Florian,  in  the 
Foundling  of  the  Forest,  in  the  season 
of  1812.  He  remained  at  Covent  Gar. 
den  for  twelve  years,  continuing  to  grow 
i»  reputation.  In  social  life  his  house  at 
Knightsbridge  was  long  the  scene  of 
fiDcetings  in  which  good  taste  ai»d  refine- 
ment inereased  their  attraction  by  being 
blended  with  less  ceremonious  pastimes, 
and  the  constant  flow  of  fanciful  recre. 
ations  ;  and  they  were  rendered  still  more 
agreeable  by  being  superintended  by  a 
wife  of  lady-like  accomplishments  and 
sweet  and  graceful  manners.  Thus  he 
traversed  a  flowery  time  till  1824,  when 
ambition  tempted  him  to  become  the 
lessee  of  the  Dublin  theatre.  In  this 
speculation  he  lost  much  money  ;  and  his 
next  move  was  to  Paris,  in  union  with 
M.  Laurent,  where,  with  Miss  Smithson 
and  an  English  company,  he,  during  two 
year9,  entertained  the  Parisian  public  with 
tolerable  Sclt^.  Is  the  French  capital 
Ms&^ofnvBt  of  society  was  also  of  a 
¥ery giaiifiing  kind;  and  he  spoke  the 
language  with  so  much  purity  as  to  escape 
all  the  usual  inconveniences  attendant 
upon  foreign  disclosure*    In  1828  be  re- 


turned  to  Covent  Garden  to  enable  Miss 
F.  Eemble  to  appear  as  Juliet  with  an 
adequate  Romeo ;  and  in  the  following 
year  embarked,  with  Mr.  Egerton,in  the 
Coburg  theatre,  the  name  of  which  was 
changed  to  the  Victoria.  This  house 
they  rescued  from  its  low  condition,  and 
converted  into  a  temple  not  unworthy  of 
the  dramatic  muse.  But  patronage  would 
not  cross  the  Thames,  and  pay  the  toll  on 
Waterloo  bridge;  and,  after  struggling 
against  increasing  difficulties  for  several 
years,  poor  Egerton  died,  and  Abbot  was 
declared  a  bankrupt.  This  blow  finished 
bis  fortunes  in  connection  with  the  Eng. 
lish  stage,  besides  wasting  that  wluch  had 
been  brought  him  by  his  marriage.  He 
then  sought  a  brighter  course  in  America ; 
and  in  1834  made  his  bow  to  a  New  York 
audience  in  the  Park  theatre  as  Ron>eo. 
From  that  period  his  usual  enterprise  led 
him  to  become  lessee  and  manager  of 
several  theatres  in  the  United  States ;  and 
he  occasionally  visited  our  North  Ameri« 
can  colonies.  What  measure  of  prosperity 
attended  these  efforts  we  do  not  know, 
but  have  heard  that  they  did  succeed  to  a 
certain  degree,  and  that  he  purchased  land 
in  Texas  out  of  his  professional  profits. 

Mr.  Abbott  was  the  author  of  several 
pleasing  pieces,  which  were  brought  upon 
the  stage ;  and  his  advice  in  preparing 
others  by  different  writers  tended  much 
to  their  successful  performance.  Of 
gentlemanly  manners,  cheerful  disposi- 
tion, ready  wit  in  the  play  of  convefiM- 
tion,  and  a  kindly  and  liberal  heart,  few 
men  were  more  welcome  to  soeie^  or 
more  entertaining  within  its  spc^ve 
bounds.  He  was  full  of  anecdote,  and 
many  of  the  humorous  stories  connected 
with  the  stage  found  in  him  a  most 
amusing  reciter.  There  vras  also  the 
song,  not  of  the  musician,  but  of  the  sue. 
cessful  imitator ;  and  the  jest  or  repartee, 
which  never  failed  to  add  mirth  to  the 
festive  board,  and  hilarity  to  the  joyous 
party.  Above  all  shone  the  unclouded 
cheerfulness  of  his  nature,  over  which 
even  his  own  misfortunes  never  apparently 
suffered  a  shadow  to  pass,  and  that  good- 
will  towards  others  which  defied  the  taint 
of  envy,  (either  in  private  life  or  in  an 
envious  profession,)  which  was  happy  in 
contributing  to  happiness,  and  would  not 
tread  on  a  worm  nor  injure  even  an  enemy. 
Such  was  the  William  Abbott,  who  for 
many  years  was  a  very  popular  public 
favourite  in  the  principal  theatres  of  Lon. 
don,  who  performed  the  second  class  of 
characters  in  general  better  than  any 
actor  we  ever  saw,  and  who,  when  em- 
ployed in  the  highest  casts  of  the  drama, 
won  the  just  applause  of  discriminating 
audiences  by  being  always  judicioiis  m 


1843.] 


Obituaby.— ilfr.  BUon,"-^.  WmHon,  Esq, 


S25 


effectiYe,  without  perhaps  reaching  that 
point  which  is  made  glittering  by  the  out- 
bursts of  rare  and  original  genius.  His 
walk,  too^  was  unconfined.  In  tragedy, 
not  of  the  sterner  sort,  he  was  graceful 
and  impres^ve ;  in  genteel  comedy  equal 
to  his  leading  contemporaries  in  that  line  ; 
and  in  the  more  unlicensed  exuberance  of 
farce  a  laughable  and  jocular  fellow.  If 
not  greatness,  this  extent  of  capacity  and 
versatility  is  not  less  useful  and  estimable 
fbr  the  stage ;  and  therefore  it  was  that 
Abbott,  besides  being  always  prepared 
and  perfect  in  his  own  parts,  was  ever  as 
ready  to  be  the  representative  of  others 
in  the  top  circle,  wnen  any  exigency  called 
for  the  prompt  substitution  of  an  efficient 
second. 

He  has  left  a  widow,  a  son,  and  daugh- 
ter, the  latter  suitably  married  and  settled 
in  the  world.     (Literary  Gazette,) 

Mb.  Elton. 

Jnfy  19.  Lost  on  board  the  Pegattu 
steamer,  Mr.  Elton,  a  popular  actor. 

Mr.  Elton  was  born  in  1794,  and 
for  a  considerable  time  was  in  the 
office  of  Mr.  Springhall,  solicitor,  of 
Verulam-buildings ;  but,  having  imbibed 
a  passion  for  theatrical  representations,  he 
became  a  member  of  the  well-known  pri- 
vate  theatre  in  Wilson-street,  Gray*s-inn- 
lane,  conducted  by  Mr.  Pym,  a  place 
celebrated  for  having  given  the  first  rudi- 
ments of  the  art  to  several  eminent  actors, 
among  them  the  late  John  Reeve.  In 
1823,  after  having  tried  for  a  short  time 
some  of  the  small  provincial  towns,  he 
obtained  an  engagement  at  the  Olympic 
Theatre,  where  the  late  Tyrone  Power 
was  then  engaged.  Mr.  Elton  remained 
only  a  short  time,  and  at  the  Christmas 
of  that  year  he  engaged  himself  at  the 
Liverpool  Amphitheatre  ;  but,  not  being 
satisfied  with  his  situation  there,  be  joined 
the  company  of  Mr.  Bunn,  then  manager 
of  the  Birmingham  Theatre.  On  the 
following  Christmas  his  services  were 
retained  by  the  Liverpool  manager  to  per- 
sonate the  character  of  Napoleon  in  the 
*'  Battle  of  Waterloo,*'  which  spectacle 
was  acted  for  three  months  in  succession. 
Shortly  after,  the  manager  of  the  Theatre 
Royal,  Liverpool,  proposed  an  engage- 
ment, and  Mr.  Elton,  already  very  popu- 
lar  in  the  town,  presented  himself  on  the 
boards  of  the  legitimate  arena  as  Cominiue 
m  *'  Coriolanus.'*  Here  he  became  very 
popular;  but,  Mr.  Vandenhoff  being  so 
long  established  as  the  leading  actor, 
Mr.  Elton  could  only  obtain  a  first 
part  occasionally.  From  Liverpool  he 
went  to  Chester,  Shrewsbury,  Worcester, 
and  Manchester,  where  he  attracted  the 
notice  of  Mr,  Charles  Young,  then  play- 


ing for  a  few  nights  there.  That  gentle- 
man expressed  himself  highly  in  favour 
of  Mr.  Elton's  talent,  and  predicted  his 
speedy  removal  to  the  metropolis.  He 
afterwards  acted  for  a  season  at  Norwich 
and  Cambridge,  and  in  the  year  1831 
made  his  bow  to  the  OarridE  audience  in 
Whitechapel  as  Riekard  the  Third.  His 
success  was  prodigious  i  the  east-enders 
hailed  him  as  a  modem  Garrick;  the 
managers.  Conquest  and  Wyman,  liberally 
advanced  his  salary,  and  their  treasury 
was  greatly  benefited.  The  Surrey  was 
his  next  remove,  where,  after  a  few 
months'  sojourn,  the  late  David  Morris 
engaged  him  for  the  Haymarket  Theatre^ 
at  which  he  appeared  in  1833.  He 
remained  one  season,  and,  after  various 
engagements  at  the  London  minors,  he 
appeared  at  Covent  Garden,  under  the 
management  of  Mr.  Osbaldiston,  in  the 
season  of  1837,  January  1^  as  Walter 
Tyrrell,  in  the  drama  of  that  name.  His 
claim  to  the  rank  of  an  admirable  actor 
was  at  once  recognised.  From  that  pe- 
riod till  his  lamented  death  he  continued 
a  member  of  the  theatres  royal.  Educated 
and  accomplished,  he  enjoyed  the  society 
of  many  men  celebrated  for  talent  in  lite- 
rature and  the  fine  arts,  and  to  his  neces- 
sitous brother  actors  his  time  and  purse 
were  open.  He  was  chairman  and  trea- 
surer of  the  Minor  General  Theatrical 
Fund,  to  which  institution  he  devoted 
his  best  energies.  He  has  left  seven 
children  to  deplore  the  loss  of  an  attached 
and  devoted  father,  the  youngest  only 
eight  years  of  age. 

Strenuous  exertions  are  making  to  raise 
a  fund  for  the  assistance  of  his  family, 
and  many  of  the  theatres  have  opened 
their  houses  for  their  benefit. 


James  Winston,  Esq. 

July  9.  At  his  house  in  Charles-street, 
Covent-garden,  aged  64,  James  Winston, 
esq.  Secretary  to  the  Garrick  Club. 

Mr.  Winston's  real  name  was  James 
Bowes;  that  of  Winston  he  assumed  on 
essaying  the  stage,  and  from  that  period 
retained  it  to  the  last,  as  familiar  to  his 
friends  and  the  public.  Of  his  perform- 
ances as  an  actor  at  the  Haymarket  we 
have  no  recollection ;  but  we  are  told 
that  he  was  eclipsed  by  the  superior 
talents  of  some  of  his  contemporary  de- 
butants, who  afterwards  rose  to  the 
height  of  the  profession.  Of  this  theatre 
he  became  a  part  proprietor  with  Colman 
and  Morris,  and  was  for  years  its  chief 
manager.  He  was  also  for  many  years  a 
principal  in  the  management  of  one  or 
both  the  great  theatres^  and  ever  took  a 
prominent  share  in  the  direction  of 
theatxioa  aAdis,  in  wbidi  hit  fspeiienct 


326         Obituary. — Mr.  W.  T,  Lowndes.'^  Clergy  Deceased.      [Sept. 

was  unrivalled.  Thus  occupied  during  so  several  gentlemen,  among  whom  are  the 
long  a  period,  he  enjoyed  opportunities  Rev.  Peter  Hall,  M.A.  and  several  re- 
for  making  a  vast  collection  of  dramatic  speccable  persons  connected  with  the 
information  and  curiosities,  and  sedu-  bookselling  business,  are  endeavouring  to 
lously  availed  himself  of  the  power.  His  obtain  subscriptions  to  enable  the  widow 
masses  of  playbills,  correspondence,  rare  to  enter  upon  some  means  of  supporting 
pieces,  pictures,  anecdotes,  biographies,  herself  and  children.* 
and  other  matters,  from  the  merest  odds 

and  ends  to  the  most  curious  and  in-  —^ 

teresting  documents,  form  an  extraor. 
dinary  accumulation ;  and  if,  as  is  proba- 
ble, they  should  come  to  the  hammer, 
will  afford  no  small  degree  of  public  enter- 
tainment. As  the  secretary  to  the  Garrick 
Club,  he  was  for  many  years  intimately 
known  to  every  individual  connected  with 
the  drama,  peitormers,  writers,  amateurs, 
managers,  lessees,  and  proprietors.  Till 
within  a  few  months  he  had  enjoyed  good 
health ;  but  of  late  declined  rapidly,  and 
was  taken  from  a  very  various  and  active 
life  when  in  full  possession  of  his  intel- 
lectual faculties,  which  involved  a  me- 
mory of  extraordinary  minuteness  and  ex- 
tent as  regarded  every  theatrical  circum- 
stance that  had  occurred  in  London  during 
the  present  century.  In  all  things,  thea- 
trical or  private,  as  in  tnist  for  others  or 
acting  for  himself,  Mr.  Winston  was  a 
correct  and  honourable  man.  His  severe 
economy  often  got  him  a  sneer  or  pro- 
cured a  jest  to  be  broken  at  his  expense  ; 
but  he  saved  much  to  those  who  confided 
in  his  management  and  integrity,  and, 
wheresoever  his  stewardship  lay,  was  an 
invaluable  coadjutor,  whether  the  concern 
were  of  small  dimensions  and  cost,  or  of 
large  and  profuse  expenditure.  Mr. 
Winston  recently  lost  one  of  his  children, 
which  deeply  affected  him  :  he  has  left  a 
son  and  daughter  to  lament  the  loss  of  an 
honest  man  and  careful  and  affectionate 
parent.     {Literary  Gazette.) 


Ma.  W.  T.  Lowndes. 

July  3L  Mr.  William  Thomas 
Lowndes,  a  member  of  one  of  the  oldest 
families  connected  with  the  bookselling 
trade  in  London. 

As  a  bibliographer,  his  name  stands 
eminent  for  his  well-known  and  useful 
work,  **  The  Bibliographer's  Manual ;" 
and,  under  distressing  disadvantages,  he 
was  compiling  another  publication  called 
'*  The  British  Librarian,"  twelve  parts  of 
which  were  completed,  when  his  mental 
powers  gave  way,  under  the  peculiar  dif- 
ficulties under  which  belaboured,  and  bis 
body  shortly  after  shewed  symptoms  of 
approaching  decay,  which  terminated  in 
death  after  a  period  of  nine  months. 

Mr.  Lowndes  has  left  behind  him  a 
widow  and  two  children,  who  are  now 
Utterly  destitute.    We  understand  that 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Lately,  At  Belize,  Honduras,  the  Rev, 
Edw.  Wm.  C/ar*«r,  Rector  of  Great  Yeld- 
ham,  Essex,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Dr.  Ed- 
ward Daniel  Clarke.  He  was  formerly 
of  Jesus'  college,  Cambridge,  B.  A.  1829, 
M.A.  183- ;  and  was  instituted  to  the 
rectory  of  Great  Yeldham,  in  1831 .  Mr. 
Clarke  was  the  author  of  "Principles 
of  Faith,  borrowed  from  the  outward 
world,"  1837,  and  "The  Church-yard 
Stile,"  1838. 

At  Knutsford,  Cheshire,  aged  68,  the 
Rev.  John  Hughes,  the  learned  author  of 
*'  Horse  Britannicae,'*  and  other  works. 

At  Rathaspish  glebe,  Ireland,  the  Rev. 
Henry  L,  ff^ebb. 

The  Rev.  Lewis  Williams,  Per- 
petual Curate  of  Kemevs  Commander, 
Monmouthshire,  to  wbicn  he  was  insti- 
tuted in  1825. 

JunelO,  At  Chambery,  aged  47,  the 
Rev.  John  Hartley,  English  Chaplain  at 
Nice. 

June  11.  At  Gloucester,  aged  51,  the 
Rev.  John  Davies,  B.A.  Incumbent  of 
St.  Nicholas  and  St.  Bartholomew,  in 
that  city,  to  which  united  churches  he 
also  presented  by  the  Corporation  in 
1830. 

June  12.  At  Holy  Island,  near  Ber- 
wick,  the  Rev.  William  Campion^  M.A 
Perpetual  Curate  of  Carham  on  ths 
Tweed,  and  late  Rector  of  St.  Olave's, 
Exeter.  He  was  presented  to  Carham 
in  1796  by  the  heirs  of  A.  Compton,  esq. 

Aged  66,  the  Rev.  Sumner  Smith, 
Rector  of  Ham  near  Hungerford,  Wilts, 
and  formerly  Rector  of  Ashill,  Somerset. 
He  was  presented  to  Ham  in  1831  by 
Dr.  Sumner,  Bishop  of  Winchester. 

June  13.  At  Crosby  Hall,  Northal- 
lerton, the  Rev.  William  Dent,  Incum- 
bent of  Sowerbv,  near  Thirsk,  and  Carl- 
ton Miniott,  Magistrate  for  the  North 
Riding  of  Yorkshire,  and  joint  Chairman 
of  the  Quarter  Sessions ;  also  Chairman 
of  the  Visiting  Magistrates  of  the  prison 
at  Northallerton,  and  of  the  Finance 
Committee  for  that  riding.  He  was  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1806, 


*  See  our  Wrapper  for  the  present 

month. 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


327 


M.A.  1809 ;  and  was  collated  to  Sowerby 
by  the  Archbishop  of  York  in  1826. 

June  H.  Aged  77,  the  Rev.  John 
Biunt,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Lilleshall,  Shrop- 
shire, and  Perpetunl  Curate  of  Blurton, 
Staffordshire ;  father  of  the  Rev.  John 
James  Blunt,  D.D.  the  present  Margaret 
Professor  of  Divinity  in  the  University 
of  Cambridge.  He  was  formerly  Fellow 
of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  where 
he  graduated  B.A.  1788,  M.A.  1791. 
He  was  presented  to  Blurton  in  1801,  by 
the  Marquess  of  Stafford,  and  to  Lilleshall 
in  1816  by  the  same  patron. 

June  20.  At  Dawlish,  the  Rev.  John 
Richards  RobertSy  Rector  of  Rotherfield 
Grey's,  Oxfordshire,  F.S.A.  He  was 
formerly  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Ox- 
ford, M.A.  1801,  B.D.  1810,  and  was 
presented  to  his  living  in  1824  by  that 
Society. 

June  22.  In  London,  the  Rev.  Ste- 
vhen  Sanderson,  M.A.  formerly  of  Syden. 
ham.  He  was  of  Pembroke  College, 
Oxford. 


DEATHS. 

LONDON    AND    ITS   VICINITY. 

May  12.  At  Highgate,  in  her  29th 
year,  Eliza,  wife  of  Robert  George  Moger, 
esq.  a  daughter  of  the  late  J.  Gottreux, 
esq.  Also,  on  her  voyage  homeward  from 
Madras,  in  her  29th  year,  Elizabeth 
Laura,  wife  of  Capt.  Gottreux,  1st  Regt. 
Nat.  Inf.  a  daughter  of  George  Moger, 
esq.  of  Bath. . 

June  18.  In  Abingdon-st.  aged  74, 
Hannah,  relict  of  Landen  Goodyer,  esq. 
late  of  Northampton. 

June  23.  At  Brompton,  Charlotte 
Emily,  wife  of  Capt.  Charles  Boulton, 
47th  Bengal  Nat.  Inf. 

June  24.  In  Hans-pl.  Chelsea,  Do- 
rothy, relict  of  the  Rev.  W.  A.  Cane. 

July  1.  In  Beaumont-st.  aged  49, 
Benjamin  de  la  Cour,  esq. 

July  7.  In  Montagu-sq.  aged  73,  John 
Reade,  esq.  of  Holbrooke  House. 

July  10.  In  Hoxton>sq.  aged  70, 
Haunah,  relict  of  William  Shores,  esq. 

July  13.  At  Kent  House,  Knights - 
bridge,  aged  26,*the  Hon.  Augustus  Al- 
gernon Villiers,  youngest  brother  to  the 
Earl  of  Clarendon.  He  was  youngest 
son  of  the  late  Hon.  George  Villiers,  by 
the  Hon.  Theresa  Parker,  dau.  of  John, 
first  Viscount  Boringdon,  and  attained 
the  rank  of  Lieut,  in  the  Royal  Navy, 
30th  June,  1838,  and  received  the  deco- 
ration of  a  Knight  of  Isabella  the  Catholic, 
from  her  Majesty  the  Queen  of  Spain,  for 
his  services  on  the  coast  of  Spain. 

At    Oxford-terr.    Hyde-park,    Maria, 


widow  of  Capt.  George  Burges,  5th  Ben- 
gal Cav.  and  dau.  of  the  late  Col. 
Richards,  of  Cavendish -cres.  Bath. 

July  14.  At  Pump  Court,  Temple, 
Robert  Woodriff,  esq. 

Lewis  Levy,  esq.  of  Dalston  and  Ca« 
momile-st.  City. 

At  Tottenham  Green,  aged  40,  Emily, 
wife  of  Richard  Wollaston,  esq. 

July  15.  In  Earl-st.  Blackfriars,  aged 
57,  Robert  Burn,  esq. 

Aged  84,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  J.  Fuller, 
esq.  Paradise -terr.  HoUoway. 

July  16.  At  Frances-pl.  HoUoway, 
aged  47,  Mary,  wife  of  Thomas  Doughty, 
esq.  Surgeon,  of  Fore-st.  City. 

At  Clapham  Rise,  aged  81,  Bernard 
Bedwell,  esq.  of  St.  John-st. 

Mrs.  Sarah  Hannah  Haines,  of  Bloom- 
field-st.  Finsbury-sq. 

July  17.  Aged  60,  Mr.  Robert  Lin- 
coln, formerly  of  St.  James* s-st. 

At  Porchester-terr.  Bayswater,  Wil- 
liam Bushe,  esq.  formerly  of  Broughton 
Castle,  Oxon,  and  recently  of  Brill 
House,  Bucks. 

At  Park  Village  West,  Regent's  Park, 
aged  82,  Ann,  widow  of  John  Hester,  esq. 

In  Clarges-st.  aged  86,  Andrew  Baird, 
esq.  M.D.,  F.R.S.  late  Inspector  of  Naval 
Hospitals,  and  Senior  Physician  of  her 
Majesty's  Fleet. 

July  18.  In  Wimpole-st.  at  the  house 
of  his  son-in-law,  Benjamin  Phillips,  esq. 
aged  77,  William  Woods  Page,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Woodbridge,  28  years  a  Ma- 
trate,  and  Deputy  Lieut,  of  Suffolk. 

In  Cunningham-pl.  St.  John's  Wood, 
Amelia  Roseane,  wife  of  Ambrose  Lark- 
worthy,  esq.  of  Bombay. 

Aged  48,  Sarah,  wife  of  J.  G.  Lucy, 
esq.  of  HoUoway. 

July  19.  At  Hampstead  Heath,  aged 
28,  Anna  Amelia,  wife  of  Joseph  Hoare, 
esq.  of  Lombard-st.  banker,  and  dau.  of 
the  late  C.  Buxton,  esq.  of  Weymouth. 

July  20.  Aged  69,  Mr.  William  Bas- 
kerville,  late  of  Bristol. 

July  21.  At  Grosvenor-sq.  aged  42, 
Heavitree,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Nicholson. 

Aged  62,  John  Edwards,  esq.  of  Peck- 
ham,  Surrey. 

July  23.  In  Sloane-st.  aged  40,  Ann 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  Scott,  esq. 

At  her  brother's  house,  in  Pall  Mall, 
Fanny,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Edward 
Smith  Foss,  esq.  Solicitor,  of  Essex-st. 
Strand. 

At  his  bouse.  North  Bank,  Regent's    v^ 
Park,  aged  54,  Robert  Walters,  esq.  of     '^ 
Lincoln's-inn  and  the  Temple,  barrister- 
at-law,  and  brother  of  the  Rev.  Nicholas 
Walters,  Vicar  of  All  Saints,  Stamford. 

July  24.  In  Loraine-pl.  HoUoway, 
Miss  Agnes  Rayner. 


328 


Obituary. 


[Sept. 


Aged  111  J.  Osgood,  4tli  son  of  O.  Han. 
bury,  jun.  esq.  baoker,  of  Lombaid-st. 

July  25.  At  Clapham,  aged  64,  Si- 
bella,  wife  of  Robert  Dewar,  esq. 

July  26.  Emily  Ann,  dan.  of  the 
late  James  Crighton  Lockett,  Architect, 
and  of  the  Bank  of  England. 

July  27.  Rose,  wife  of  Abraham  Day, 
esq.  Egremont-pl.  New-road,  St.  Pancras. 

Aged  51 ,  Mary,  dau.  of  William  Tunley, 
esq.  of  Camden-st.  Camden-town. 

At  Clapham  Rise,  H.  J.  Thomas,  esq. 
son  of  the  late  Israel  Thomas,  esq.  of 
Comhill. 

J%dy  28.  Anne  Isabella,  wife  of  Al. 
fred  Hamilton,  esq.  Surgeon,  of  Broad-st. 
Buildings. 

At  Wandsworth,  aged  26,  Miss  Flora 
Hastings  Mackie,  niece  of  William 
Mackie,  esq.  late  of  the  27  th  Reg. 

At  Pentonville,  aged  59,  William  Ell- 
ward,  esq.  of  Crosby  Hall  Chambers, 
and  of  West  Green,  Tottenham. 

In  Connaught-sq.  aged  31,  Jane  Ma« 
tilda,  wife  of  William  Scholefield,  esq.  of 
Birmingham. 

July  29.  In  Watkin's-terr.  £laton-sq. 
Fimlico,  aged  45,  Francis  Charles  Cas- 
eaigne,  esq. 

In  Tilney-st.  ParK-lane,  Anne,  wife  of 
Lieut. -Col.  Trafford. 

July  30.  At  Putney  Heath,  aged  69, 
John  Unwin,  esq. 

In  Gloucester- pi.  John  Motteux,  esq. 
of  Banstead,  Surrey,  and  of  Beechamwell 
and  Sandringham  Hall,  Norfolk.  He  has 
bequeathed  the  whole  of  his  extensive 
landed  property  in  Norfolk,  producing  a 
rental  of  20,000/.  per  annum  (with  the 
exception  of  about  10,000/.  given  in  lega* 
cies),  to  the  Hon.  Charles  Spencer  Cow- 

ger,  third  son  of  Lady  Palmerston,  by  the 
ite  Earl.  The  inheritor  of  this  valuable 
property,  who  is  no  relation  to  the  tes- 
tator, is  the  Secretary  of  Legation  at 
Sweden. 

JulyZl,  Aged  88,  John  Sheppard, 
esq.  of  Cloak-lane. 

At  Laurel  Cottage,  Walworth,  aged  28, 
Charlotte,  wife  of  Mr.  J.  B.  Thomas,  and 
dau.  of  Capt.  Perkins  Wrightson,  of 
Southampton. 

In  Kew  Millman-st.  aged  47,  Maria, 
wife  of  Abraham  Cooper,  esq.  R.A. 

Lately,  Stafford  Cooke,  esq.  of  Wal- 
worth. He  is  said  to  have  died  worth 
120,000/. 

At  Brompton,  aged  22,  Henry  Thomas 
Sanneman,  esq.  of  Lincoln  Coll.  Oxford. 

Aug,  1.  Aged  71,  John  Davis  Good- 
man Jones,  esq.  of  Cumberland-terr. 

Aged  51,  Frances  Maria,  wife  of  A.  H. 
Montucci,  esq.  of  Percy-st. 

Ellen  Carew,  wife  of  William  Essex, 
-^sq.  of  Gordon-st.  Gordon-sq. 
13 


Aug,  2.  At  Pimlico,  aged  80,  Eliza- 
beth,  wife  of  Mr.  Judson. 

Aug,  3.  At  the  Royal  Mews,  Pimlico, 
aged  88,  Mrs.  Wales. 

Aug,  4.  At  Greenwich,  James  Hutch- 
inson,  many  years  Actuary  of  the  London 
Provident  Institution. 

At  the  Sanatorium,  New-road,  aged  38, 
James,  son  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Dyer. 

In  Holland-pl.  Kensington,  aged  72, 
Mrs.  Langford. 

Aug,  5 .  At  Stanhope-pl.  aged  17 1  Miss 
Letitia  Watter. 

In  Lower  Grosvenor-st.  Lieut.  Col. 
William  Jones,  late  of  the  5th  Dragoon 
Guards,  and  of  I^westoft,  Suffolk. 

At  Bethnal  Green,  Harriot  Sarah,  4^ 
years  the  wife  of  W.  Soper,  Esq. 

Aug,  6,  InGlouoester-pl.  Portman-9q. 
Miss  Elizabeth  Dallas,  sister  of  the  late 
Lord  Chief  Justice  Dallas. 

In  Camden-st.  Camden-town,  aged  57, 
Frances,  relict  of  William  Fisher,  e^q,  qC 
Somerset  House  and  Muswell-hill. 

At  Brompton,  aged  83,  Richard  Pen- 
nington, esq. 

At  Hornsey,  aged  83,  James  Shaddack, 
esq. 

Aug,  7.  Eliz.  Mary,  wife  of  Israel 
Piper,  esq.  of  Greenwich. 

Aug,  9.  In  London,  Louisa,  wii^  of 
Sir  George  Best  Robinson,  bart.  of 
Furzebrook  House,  Axminster,  for- 
merly her  Majesty's  chief  superintendent 
of  British  Trade  in  China. 

Aug,  10.  By  jumping  off  Waterloo 
Bridge,  aged  22,  Mr.  Frederick  Sapioo 
Ancona.  It  appeared  that  the  deceased 
had  been  drinldng  pretty  ^eely,  and,  on 
coming  up  on  the  bridge,  exclaimed, 
"  Who'll  bet  me  a  shilling  I  won't  jump 
over  ?"  His  companions  made  no  reply ; 
when  he  sprang  i^>on  the  parapet,  and 
instantly  disappeared. 

At  Upper  Clapton,  aged  6,  Florence, 
3d  dau.  of  W.  Bird,  esq. 

Aug.  11.  In  BUndford-st.  Capt.  Ro- 
bert Innes,  late  of  the  Scots  Greys. 

Aug,  12.  Aged  90,  Mrs.  Anne  Brettell, 
spinster.  During  the  last  35  years  of  her 
life  she  resided  with  her  nephew^  Mr. 
Robert  Brettell  Bate,  of  the  Poultry. 

Aug,  13.  In  Crayford-st.  aged  57, 
Miss  Sophia  Hakewill.  * 

Aug.  14.    In  Stanhope-st.  West,  Re- 
gent's Park,  John FenneU,  esq.  Capt.R.N. 
Aaig,  17.    Aged  20,  Arthur  William, 
youngest  son  of  James  Burton,  esq.  of 
Powis-pl.  Queen-sq. 

At  Croom's  Hill,  Greenwich,  aged  74, 
Mary,  relict  of  the  late  F.  B.  Todd,  esq. 
In  Warwick-sq.  Kensington,  aged  61, 
Catharine,  relict  of  late  T.  Pearson,  esq. 
Aug,  18.    Oxley  TiUon,  esq.  Solicitor, 
late  of  Colemaa^B(« 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


329 


At  Portiand-ierr.  Regent's  Park,  aged 
79i  Francis  Perigal,  esq.  formerly  of  the 
Stock  Exchange. 

At  the  Rectory,  Hart-st.  Mark-lanej 
Viola-Bolton,  in&nt  dan.  of  Rev.  John 
Letts. 

Aged  23 1  Henry,  youngest  son  of  Sir 
C.  Wolseley,  hart. 

Aug,  19.  In  Bloomshury-sq.  Eliz.- 
Mary,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Ed- 
wards, M.A.  of  Trinity  coll.  Cambridge, 
and  second  master  of  King's  coll.  London. 
She  was  the  elder  dau.  of  John  Spurrier, 
esq.  formerly  of  YardleyBury,  Herts,  and 
of  Eliz.  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Giles  Hatch, 
formerly  Rector  of  Sutton,  Surrey. 

In  Devonshire-terr.  Marylebone,  aged 
60,  James  Clegg,  esq. 

Berks. — June  13.  At  Windsor,  aged 
45,  Mr.  Wm.  Fairbridge,  many  years 
editor  of  the  Windsor  and  Eton  Express. 

Auff,  3.  At  Speen,  Mary,  widow  of 
the  Rev.  T.  Austen,  late  Rector  of  Ste- 
venton,  Hants. 

Auff.  13.  At  Bray,  Julia  Eliza,  wife  of 
Thomas  Bruce,  esq.  of  Surrey-st.  Strand, 
after  having  prematurely  given  birth  to  a 
son,  who  survived  but  a  short  period. 

Bucks. — Aug,  2.  At  Loakes  Hill, 
near  High  Wycombe,  aged  21,  Robert 
John,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Col.  Crewe, 
and  nephew  of  Lord  Carington. 

Auff.  12.  At  Beaconsfield,  Hester,  3d 
dau.  of  the  late  James  Hall,  esq.  of  Mon- 
tagu-st.  Russell-sq. 

Cambridge.— June  23.  At  Weston 
Colville,  aged  67,  Eliz.  wife  of  J.  Hall,  esq. 

July  10.  Aged  62,  Thomas  Howard, 
esq.  of  Grantchester. 

CHBSHiRE.^-t/u/y  16.  At  Chester, 
aged  93,  Jane,  relict  of  Row.  Jones,  esq. 

July  17.  At  Holly  Wood,  near  Stock- 
port, Eliz.  dau.  of  late  Rob.  Gree,  esq. 

Auff.  1.  At  Handforth,  near  Wilms- 
low,  aged  28,  Miss  Sophia  Sjrmonds. 

Cornwall.  —  July  14.  Aged  56, 
Richard  Drew,  esq.  also,  aged  51,  Capt. 
Jenkin  Jones,  R.N.  Members  of  the  Cor- 
poration of  Trinity  House.  They  were 
both  distinguished  for  the  highest  pro- 
fessional acquirements,  scientific  and 
practical,  and  were  drowned  off  Trevose 
Head,  Cornwall,  whilst  returning  to  the 
Trinity  yacht  "  Vestal'*  from  an  unsuc- 
cessful attempt  to  land  on  the  Quay  Rock 
for  the  purpose  of  a  survey. 

July  22.  At  Alveston  House,  Pen- 
zance, aged  58,  Jonathan  Blenman,  Bar- 
rister-at-Law,  son  of  Jonathan  BlenmaUi 
esq.  late  Solicitor-Qen.  of  Barbadoes. 

Cumberland. — Aug,  4.  At  Whiteha- 
ven, aged  65,  Ann,  relict  of  P.  Hodgson, 
esq. 

Derby.— JWy  26,  At  Barley  Grange, 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


near  Derby,  Henry  Roch,  esq.  of  Clifton, 
and  youngest  son  of  the  late  George 
Roch,  esq.  of  Bristol. 

Devon. — July  15.  At  Stoke,  near 
Plymouth,  aged  78,  Mary,  wife  of  Ttiomas 
Coxworthy,  esq. 

July  25.  At  Horswell  House,  France* 
Ann,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Griffith,  of 
Glyn  Celyn,  co.  Brecon,  and  eldest  dau. 
of  J.  S.  Somerville,  esq.  of  Dinder  House, 
Wells,  Somerset. 

July  26.  At  Brislington,  aged  83, 
Capt.  John  Miller,  R.N.  who  was  a 
Lieut,  in  the  Queen  in  Lord  Howe's  vic- 
tory, on  the  1st  of  June,  1794. 

Aug.  18.  At  Richmond  House,  near 
Torquay,  Wm.  Alfred,  infant  son  of  J.  A. 
Carter,  esq.  of  London. 

At  Stonehouse,  Henry-Rivington,  son 
of  Dr.  Charles  Wheeler,  of  Shirley  Lodge, 
Hants. 

Dorset. — June  13.  At  Mamhull, 
aged  75,  Edmund  Hatcher,  esq.  formerly 
of  Bristol. 

July  16.  At  Weymouth,  aged  71,  Mrs. 
Hyde,  relict  of  Mr.  G.  Hyde,  many  years 
one  of  the  principal  merchants  of  that  town. 

Aged  76,  W.  Jolliffe,  esq.  He  served  the 
office  of  Mayor  of  Poole  in  1828  and  1829* 

July  22.  At  Weymouth,  the  residence 
of  her  father,  John  Miller,  esq.  Margaret 
Haig,  wife  of  H.  W.  Walbridge,  esq.  of 
Llanthewy  Court,  Monmouthshire. 

Durham. — July  24.  At  Hurworth, 
near  Darlington,  aged  85,  Capt.  John 
Bellairs. 

Essex.  —  July  14.  At  Coggeshall, 
aged  77,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Jacob  Pattis- 
son,  esq.  of  Great  Coggeshall. 

July  19.  At  WaltluLmstow,  aged  57, 
Archibald  Corbett,  esq. 

July  23.  Aged  17,  Alfred,  third  son 
of  late  Rev.  Lewis  Way,  of  Spencer  Farm. 

July  25.  At  Halstead,  aged  88,  John 
Sewell,  esq. 

Aug,  1.  Aged  68,  Christopher-Comyns 
Parker,  esq.  of  Woodham  Mortimer  Places 
near  Maldon,  a  Magistrate  and  Deputy 
Lieut,  of  Essex. 

Aug,  5.  Aged  42,  Caroline-Prest,  wife 
of  Harcourt  firmin,  esq.  of  Dedham. 

Gloucester. — July  10.  At  Clifton, 
Mary,  relict  of  Capt.  Alfred  Arabin,  and 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  William  Old- 
nail  Russell,  Chief  Justice  of  Bengal. 

July  14.  William- Penry-Mackreth 
Prichard,  esq.  youngest  son  of  W.  E. 
Prichard,  esq.  of  College-green,  Bristol. 

At  Gloucester,  Charlotte,  wife  of  Joseph 
Clarke,  esq. 

At  the  house  of  the  Rev.  T.  S.  Smyth, 
Clifton,  Miss  Clay,  of  Glanrhydwy,  St. 
Asaph. 

July  16.  Aged  76,  Anne,  wife  of 
George  Daubeny,  esq.  of  Cotes. 


330 


Obituary. 


[Sept. 


June  SI.  At  Clifton,  Martha,  wife  of 
John  Carr,  esq.  of  Cheltenham,  and 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Wm.  Satton, 
esq.  of  Northampton. 

July  29.  At  Bristol,  aged  79,  Mr.  Ed. 
ward  Melsom,  late  of  her  Majesty's  Cus- 
toms. 

Lately.  At  Cheltenham ,  aged  24,  Lomsa, 
dau.  of  Lieut. -Col.  Steele  Hawthorne, 
H.E.I.C.  service. 

At  Cheltenham,  Mary,  widow  of  Theo- 
dore Gwinnett,  esq.  solicitor. 

At  Wotton,  near  Gloucester,  Charlotte, 
wife  of  Joseph  Clarke,  esq.  Receiving  In- 
spector  of  Stamps  and  Taxes  for  the 
counties  of  Gloucester  and  Somerset. 

At  Upper  Court,  Eemerton,  near 
Tewkeshury,  Ann,  last  surviving  descend- 
ant of  Thomas  Holme,  esq.  of  Brownhill, 
CO.  Lancaster,  and  niece  of  the  late  John 
Parsons,  esq. 

jiuff.  8.  At  Bristol,  aged  75,  Joanna, 
relict  of  John  Carter,  esq.  late  of  Ciren- 
cester, solicitor. 

Hants. — April  14.  At  Bournemouth, 
R.  O.  Gascoigne,  esq.  of  Partington, 
Yorkshire. 

July  14.  At  Southampton,  aged  34, 
Mrs.  Hawkins  Nicholls. 

July  24.  At  Twyford,  aged  15,  Wil- 
liam-Awdry,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  W. 
Short,  Rector  of  St.  George-the-Martyr, 
Queen-sq.  Bloomsbury. 

July  29.  At  Niton,  I.  W.,  Sarah,  wife 
of  Leonard  Shelford  Bidwell,  esq.  of 
Thetford.  Norfolk. 

At  Her  Majesty's  Yard,  Portsmouth, 
Mary,  wife  of  Richard  Blake,  esq. 

July  30.  SeUna  Vere,  only  dau.  of 
Alexander  Powell,  jun.  esq.  of  Brocken- 
hurst. 

Aug,  2.  At  Gosport,  Anne,  widow  of 
Joseph  Larcom,  esq.  formerly  Commis- 
sioner of  her  Majesty's  Navy  at  Malta. 

At  Portsmouth,  after  having  landed 
there  a  fortnight,  from  Halifax,  Edward 
Jones  Coxe,  Lieut,  and  Adjutant  of  the 
64th  Regt.  second  son  of  the  Rev.  Charles 
Batson  Coxe,  of  Newtown  Lodge,  Hun- 
gerford. 

Herts. — July  13.  At  Hoddesdon, 
aged  81,  Mrs.  Catherine  Auber. 

July  16.  At  Hill  Side,  King's  Lang- 
ley,  Anne  Augusta,  wife  of  Henry  Tuff- 
nell,  esq.  M.P.  and  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  Right  Hon.  Sir  Wilmot  Horton,  Bt. 

Hereford. — July  19.  At  Rudhall, 
Ellen,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas 
Hill,  esq.  of  Blaenavon. 

Lately,  At  the  Birchend,  aged  62, 
Francis  Bennett  Derry,  esq. 

At  Leintwardine  cottage,  aged  73,  Mr. 
Richard  Pryce. 

At  Hereford,  aged  29,  Sarah,  only  dau. 
of  Joseph  Gibbs  Barker,  esq. 


At  Lower  Weston,  near  Ross,  aged  74, 
T.  Dowle,  esq. 

Huntingdon. — July  27.  Mrs.  A.  M. 
Richford,  of  Huntingdon. 

Kent. — June  22.  At  his  residence. 
Marine  Parade,  Dover,  Edward  Taylor, 
esq.  brother  of  Sir  Brook  Taylor,  and  of 
the  late  Sir  Herbert  Taylor. 

July  11.  Aged  56,  Catherine  Mantell, 
wife  of  John  Des  Champs  Lacy,  esq.  of 
St.  George*s-pl.  Canterbury,  dau.  of  the 
late  Capt.  John  Boyce,  Hon.  East  India 
Co.'s  serv.  Dover,  and  many  years  a  resi- 
dent of  Sevenoaks. 

July  12.  At  the  Rectory,  East  Mail- 
ing, aged  78,  Charles  Smith,  esq.  of  the 
Temple. 

July  17.  At  Dover,  aged  42,  Miss 
Downe. 

July  22.  At  Ramsgate,  Miss  SeUna 
Child,  of  PentonviUe. 

July  23.  At  Tunbridgft  Wells,  Mary 
Sophia,  fifth  dau.  of  the  late  Charles 
EUiott,  esq.  of  Westfield  Lodge,  Brighton. 

July  27.  At  Chislehurst,  Mary,  wife 
of  John  Martin,  esq.  M.P. 

July  28.  At  Tunbridge  Wells,  aged  88, 
Dorothy,  widow  of  George  CurUng,  esq. 
of  Cleveland-row,  St.  James's. 

At  Rochester,  aged34,  Thomas  William 
Hulkes,  esq.  late  of  St.  John's  Coll. 
Cambridge. 

Lancaster. — July  24.  At  Sedgeley 
Park,  near  Manchester,  Frederica,  wife 
of  Robert  Gill,  esq.  and  eldest  dau.  of 
the  late  Richard  Entwisle,  esq.  of 
Rusholme. 

July  29.  At  Liverpool,  aged  28,  Ho. 
ratio  R.  Roberts,  eldest  son  of  Mr.  W. 
J.  Roberts. 

Lately.  Joseph  Ringway,  esq.  of 
Ridgmond,  Lancashire.  By  his  will  he  has 
made  the  following  bequests,  independent 
of  others  for  tho'benefit  of  Liverpool  (free 
from  legacy  tax,)  to  take  effect  after  the 
decease  of  his  widow : — For  the  erection 
of  a  school  at  Bolton,  2,000/. ;  to  the 
Bolton  Dispensary,  1,000/. ;  Chester 
Church  Building  Society,  1,000/.;  to- 
wards building  a  parsonage-house  at  Hor- 
wich,  800/. ;  Society  for  Propagating  the 
Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,  500/. ;  Society 
for  Promoting  Christian  Knowledge,  500/. ; 
Society  for  Widows  and  Orphans  of 
Clergymen,  500/. ;  Manchester  Infirm- 
ary, 200/. ;  Manchester  School  for  the 
Btind,  200/.  ;  Manchester  Deaf  and  Dumb 
School,  200/. ;  National  Society  for  the 
Education  of  the  Poor«  200/.;  Addi- 
tional Curates  Society,  200/.;  Society 
for  the  Sons  of  the  Clergy,  200/.  And 
he  directed  investments  to  be  made  in  the 
three  per  cents,  for  producing  annually 
the  following  sums : — For  the  incumbent 
of  Horwich  Churcbi.  100/. ;  the  organist 


1843.] 


Obituarv. 


331 


and  other  officers  of  that  Church,  14S/.  ; 
aged  poor  of  Horwich,  100/. ;  Horwich 
School,  50/. ;  Deane  Church  School,  40/. 
master  of  the  school  to  be  erected  at 
Bolton,  100/.  The  donations,  including 
the  inyestments  and  legacy  tax,  will  pro- 
bably amount  to  26,000/. 

Leicester. — July  17.  At  Waltham 
Rectory,  the  residence  of  her  son-in-law, 
the  Rev.  G.  £.  Gillett,  aged  64,  Ann, 
widow  of  John  Woodall,  esq.  of  Scar- 
borough. 

Lincoln. — Lately,  At  the  residence 
of  his  brother,  the  Rev.  J.  Dodsworth, 
Bourne,  H.  £.  Dodsworth,  esq.  of  Mont** 
pellier  villas,  Cheltenham. 

Middlesex. — July  21.  At  the  vicar- 
age, Bedfont,  aged  21,  Agnes,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Jones. 

July  27.  At  Park  Cottage,  Hanwell, 
aged  37,  Susan,  wife  of  P.  Pearse,  esq.  of 
High  Holbom. 

Lately,  At  Finchley,  George,  son  of 
John  Wilson,  esq.  the  Scottish  vocalist. 

Monmouth. — Lately,  Aged  18,  Ra- 
chel, dau.  of  William  Phillips,  esq.  of 
Penner-house,  Mynyddyslwyn. 

Aged  20,  David,  2nd  son  of  David  Car- 
ruthers,  esq.  of  the  Grondra-house,  near 
Chepstow. 

Norfolk. — July  19.  At  Norwich, 
Theresa  Georgiana,  youngest  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  George  Day,  Minor  Canon  of  the 
Cathedral. 

Northampton. — July  10.  At  North- 
ampton, Dorothy,  third  dau.  of  the  late 
Richard  Arnold,  esq.  of  Lutterworth. 

Lately,  In  St.  Martin's,  Stamford, 
aged  86,  Sarah,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Samuel 
HuDt,  formerly  rector  of  Wakerley,  and 
of  St.  George's,  Stamford. 

Notts. — July  28.  At  Eastwood,  Ann, 
relict  of  Benjamin  Smith,  esq. 

Northumberland. — July  30.  Aged 
70,  John  Moore  Bates,  esq.  of  Heddon- 
on-the-Wall. 

Oxford. — July  17.  At  Oxford,  aged 
77,  Mrs.  Lovell,  relict  of  £.  Lovell,  esq. 
and  mother«in-law  of  Dr.  Hampden, 
Regius  Professor  of  Divinity  at  Oxford. 

July  20.  Aged  63,  George  Cecil,  esq. 
coroner  for  the  city  and  county  of  Ox- 
ford. 

July  31.  At  Holywell  Lodge,  Oxford, 
Charlotte,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Vaughan 
Thomas,  niece  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  John 
Cooke,  late  President  of  Corpus  Christ! 
Coll.  and  sister  of  Dr.  George  Williams, 
M.D.  late  Professor  of  Botany. 

Aug,  1.  At  Fair  Mill,  Henley- oo- 
Thames,  Mary  Ann  Chipchase. 

y^ug,  5.  At  Caversham  Hill,  near  Read- 
ing, Wm.  Montagu,  esq. 

Salop. — July  26.  At  Madely,  aged 
75,  Sophia,  eldeat  dau.  of  tho  late  tUrr, 


Jonathan    Stubbs,  Rector    of  Overton 
Longueville,  Hunts. 

Aug,  1 .  At  Leatoo  Knolls,  Elizabeth, 
third  dau.  of  the  late  Francis  Lloyd,  of 
Domgay  and  Leaton,  esq.  M.P.  for  Mont- 
gomery sh. 

Somerset. — July  13.  At  Bath,  Mrs. 
Isherwood. 

July  17.  At  Bath,  Venetia  Theresa, 
second  dau.  of  Mr.  and  Lady  Theresa 
Digby,  of  Mintem  Magna. 

July  19.  At  Bath,  aged  72,  Ann,  widow 
of  William  Robertson,  esq.  M.D. 

July  21.  At  Bath,  aged  77,  the  widow 
of  Walcelin  Welch,  esq. 

July  24.  At  Bath,  aged  81,  Jonathan 
Morgan,  esq.  late  of  the  Island  of  St. 
Vincent. 

July  26.  At  Bath,  Frances,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  John  Tymlnt,  esq.  R.N. 
of  Nether  Clay  House,  near  Taunton,  and 
sister  of  Sir  lliomasTymlutt  Jones,  Bart* 
M.P.  for  Shrewsbury,  who  died  in  1811. 

At  Merino  Cottage,  LongAshton,  aged 
80,  Robert  Joliffe,  esq. 

July  30.  At  Weston-Super-Mare,  Mrs. 
Ruddock,  dau.  of  the  late  W.  Craven,  esq. 
of  Weaste  House,  near  Manchester. 

Lately,  At  Bath,  Agaes,  dau.  of  the 
late  Henry  Best,  esq.  of  Lincoln. 

Jug,  6,  At  Bath,  aged  75,  Helen, 
relict  of  Sir  William  Chambers  Bag- 
shawe,  of  the  Oaks,  Derby,  and  of  Bath. 

Jug,  8.  At  Bath,  Mrs.  Margaret  Close. 

At  Bath,  Henry  Gardiner,  esq.  late  of 
the  Madras  Civil  Service. 

Suffolk. — July  20.  At  Broke  HaU, 
Nacton,  aged  64,  Lady  Broke,  widow  of 
Rear-Adm.  Sir  P.  B.  V.  Broke,  Bart. 
K.C.B.  and  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  Wm. 
Fowle  Middleton,  Bart.  Shmbland  Hall» 
near  Ipswich. 

At  Ipswich,  Sarah,  relict  of  Firmin 
Josselyn,  esq.  and  second  dau.  of  the  late 
John  Cobbold,  esq.  of  Holjrwells. 

S  CJRRET.  —July  1 3 .  At  Parkshot,  Rich- 
mond, aged  19,  Fanny  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
the  late  William  Gardner,  gent. 

July  24.  At  Balham,  aged  61,  Jamea 
Stevenson,  esq.  brother  of  the  late  David 
Stevenson,  esq.  of  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

July  31.  At  Epsom,  at  an  advanced 
age,  George  Browne,  esq.  Capt.  retired 
full  pay,  R.M. 

At  Mitcham,  aged  84,  Wm.  Ness,  esq. 

Jug.  2.  At  Epsom,  aged  81,  John 
Sabb,  esq. 

Jug,  4.  Aged  73,  Edward  Vere,  esq. 
of  Oxford  Lodge,  Croydon. 

Aug.  6.  At  Albnry  Park,  aged  21, 
Arthur-Henry,  youngest  and  last  sur- 
viving son  of  Henry  and  l»dy  Harriet 
Drummond. 

Sussex.— •/n/y  15.  At  Wood  End, 
Chiobester,  aged  89,  UAf  Uuj  LoniH 


532 


OnrtVAnr. 


[Sept. 


Lennox,  sister  td  tlie  late,  and  aunt  to 
the  present,  Dake  of  Richmond. 

At  Brighton,  aged  97 j  John  M^Gnire, 
esq. 

JMy  16.  At  Old  Steyne,  Brighton, 
aged  85,  Miss  Rebecca  Bond,  many  years 
a  resident  of  this  town,  and  formerly  of 
the  United  States. 

Jif/yl8.  At  Brighton,  aged  71,  Thomas 
Winter,  esq. 

July  22.  At  Brighton,  aged  88,  Jadah 
Bietti,  esq. 

July  24.  At  Lewes,  aged  87,  the  relict 
^  George  Boulton,  esq.  formerly  an  ex- 
tensive coach-proprietor  in  London. 

JulyBl.  At  Old  Steine,  Brighton, 
aged  91,  Sarah,  widow  of  Daniel  Coxe, 
esq.  of  Upper  Seymour-st.  Portman-sq. 
kad  formerly  of  New  Jersey,  United  States. 

Lately.  At  Rotherfield,  aged  96,  Mary, 
widow  of  Mr.  John  Duplock,  of  Tun- 
bridge  Wells,  being  his  fifth  wife,  and  the 
widow  of  Mr.  Miles,  late  of  Rotherfield, 
She  retained  all  her  faculties  to  the  last. 
She  has  left  behind  her  a  numerous  issue 
to  the  fifth  generation,  upwards  of  150 
descendants  being  living  at  the  time  of 
her  decease. 

j4uff.  5.  At  Brighton,  aged  36,  Peter, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Peter  Clutterbuck, 
esq.  of  the  Brewery,  Stanmore. 

Aug,  7.  At  Saint  Bartholomew's, 
Chichester,  aged  32,  Emily,  dan.  of  the 
late  Charles  Reynolds,  esq.  of  Bosham. 

At  Brighton,  aged  69,  Clementina, 
widow  of  Peter  Black,  Master  R.N.  and 
mother  of  Peter  Black,  French  Consul 
at  Brighton. 

Worcester. — Lately,  At  his  resi- 
dence, Peachfield,  Henry  Botfield  Tho- 
mason,  esq.  only  child  of  Sir  Edward 
Thomason,  of  Bath. 

Wilts. — July  18.  At  Easton  Grey, 
William  Paul  Birch,  of  Exeter  Coll.  Ox- 
ford, eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  W.  S.  Birch, 
Rector  of  Easton  Grey. 

Aug,  4.  At  Melksham,  aged  54,  F. 
Moule,  esq. 

York. — July  11.  At  Harrogate,  aged 
83,  Thomas  Thrush,  esq.  He  resigned 
his  rank  and  emolument  in  the  Royal 
Navy  from  conviction  of  the  unlawful- 
ness  of  war. 

July  92,  At  the  house  of  William 
Dryden,  esq.  Hull,  aged  52,  Mary, 
youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Wm.  Ritsen,  esq. 

July  24.  At  Scarborough,  Miriam, 
ddest  dau.  of  C.  Heneage  Elsley,  esq. 

July  3 1 .  Aged  26,  William  Bland,  esq. 
Lieut.  Royal  Art.  fourth  son  of  Thomas 
Davison  Bland,  esq.  of  Kippax  Park, 
Yorkshire. 

Wales.  —  July  4.  At  Crickhowel, 
Brecknocksh.  aged  62,  James  Parratt, 
•sq.  late  a  irargiMm  of  the  Royal  Art. 


Au^,  8.  At  Newtown,  Montgomerysh. 
aged  65,  George  Green,  esq. 

Scotland. — June  5.  Aged  88,  Wil- 
helmina,  sister  of  the  late  Claud  Alex- 
ander, esq.  of  Ballochmyle,  Ayrshire. 

June  9.  At  Edinburgh,  EUeu,  wife  of 
Arthur  Annesley,  esq.  of  Bletchington, 
and  dau.  of  the  late  Henry  O'Brien,  esq. 
of  Blatherwick. 

June  14.  At  Edinbui^h,  Ann  Brown 
Broughton,  wife  of  John  Archibald  Ber- 
tram, esq.  merchant,  of  Leith. 

At  Edinburgh,  aged  74,  Catharine, 
relict  of  Robt.  Haldane,  esq.  of  Auchin- 
gray,  whom  she  survived  only  six  months, 
after  a  union  of  nearly  57  years. 

June  16.  At  Killovan  House,  aged  75 , 
Hester,  wife  of  John  M'Neill,  esq.  of 
Collonsay. 

June  23.  At  Woodend,  Bute,  Barbara 
Montgomerie,  wife  of  James  B.  Neilson, 
esq.  of  Glasgow. 

Aged  73,  Tam  Raebum,  the  ^-famed 
Hermit  of  the  Ark,  in  Ayrshire,  a  man 
of  athletic  frame  and  eccentric  manners. 
His  beard  was  the  chief  source  of  Idi 
revenue,  which  was  very  considerable,  he 
having  left  2400/.  besides  other  property. 

June  26.  Mary,  wife  of  James  Erskine, 
esq.  jun.  of  Cardross. 

June  28.  At  Greenock,  aged  58,  Wil- 
liam Turner,  esq.  Surgeon  R.N. 

Lately,  At  Mount  Pleasant,  New- 
burgh,  Alex.  Bethune,  Labourer,  author 
of  ''  Tales  and  Sketches  of  the  Scottish 
Peasantry,'*  **  Practical  Economy,"  &c. 

At  Bdhilve,  Aberdeen,  the  Rev.  J.  A. 
Forsyth,  LL.D.  minister  of  that  parish, 
the  inventor  of  the  percussion  gun,  and  a 
near  relative  of  Lord  Brougham. 

July  3.  At  Edinburgh,  Marianne  Af- 
fleck, wife  of  Andrew  Scott,  esq.  W.S. 

July  4.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  65,  John 
Sand  with,  esq. 

July  11.  At  Edinburgh,  Emily  Isa- 
bella, youngest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Grey. 

July  13.  At  Glasgow,  aged  100,  Mr. 
John  Dougherty.  His  wife  is  still  alive, 
and  was  bom  the  same  year  as  her  hus- 
band. They  had  lived  together  76  years. 
*  Ireland. — June  18.  At  Mount  Tal- 
lant,  Margaret,  relict  of  James  Cole,  esq. 
dau.  of  the  lateCapt.  Nevil  Bland,  Queen's 
Co.  and  niece  of  the  late  Gen.  Bland,  of 
Isleworth,  Middlesex. 

June  21 .  At  Shannon  Bridge,  co.  Ros- 
common, Dominic  Lynch,  esq.  late  of 
the  1st  Royals.  He  died  from  the  effects 
of  poison  administered  by  a  servant  in  a 
bottle  of  porter.  Verdict — **  That  de- 
ceased's death  was  occasioned  by  the  con- 
tents of  a  bottle  given  him  by  Timothy 
Barrett."  He  was  committed  for  trial  at 
t^e  next  aanses. 


1843.1 


OSITITABT. 


333 


Jufyl*  At'KJngstown, 'near  Dnblin, 
Oliyity  wife  of  Mannion  W.  SaTage,  esq. 
Sec.  of  tha  Priyy  Council  of  Irdand. 
She  was  dau.  of  Sir  A.  Clarke,  of  DnbUn, 
and  niece  of  Lady  Morgan. 

July  8.  At  Dnblin,  Francis  Fanlkner, 
esq.  Clerk  of  the  Crown  for  the  co.  Tip- 
perary. 

July  10.  At  Kilnap,  near  Cork,  at  an 
advanced  age,  Elisabeth,  relict  of  George 
ShaiWt  esq.  formerly  of  the  8th  Regt. 

July  19.  At  Dublin,  the  Right  Hon. 
Dr.  Radcliffe.  He  filled  the  office  of  judge 
in  two  separate  eourts,  the  Prerogative 
and  Consistorial,  and  had  long  been  a 
member  of  the  Privy  Council. 

July  S2.  At  Bushfield  Avenue,  near 
Donnybrook,.  Dublin,  aged  63,  Mrs. 
Martha  Denson,  of  Seymour-pl.  North, 
Euston-square'. 

Lately.  At  the  seat  of  Mr.  Stewart 
Keir,  co.  Antrim,  aged  65,  the  Dowager 
Lady  Dufferin  and  Claneboy.  She  was 
Elizabeth,  eld.  dau.  and  coheir  of  W.  H. 
Finlay,  esq.  and  was  married  to  Hugh  3d 
Lord  Dufferin,  8  July  1801 ;  by  whom 
she  had  two  sons  and  five  daughters. 
|Ier  lord  died  Nov.  18,  1839.  (See  our 
Mag.  for  Jan.  1840,  p.  89.) 

At  Monkstown,  near  Dublin,  William 
Dillon,  esq.  late  lieut.  in  the  19th  Regt* 
son  of  the  late  Sir  Charles  Dillon,  Bart, 
of  Ldsmullen,  co.  Meath. 

Jersey. — Aug,  1.  At  St.  Heller's, 
Jersey,  James  Day,  esq.  Capt.  Royal 
Horse  Artillery. 

East  Indies. — March  29.  Drowned 
in  the  river  Ganges,  near  Allahabad,  aged 
19,  Ensign  Saumarez  de  Havilland,  se- 
cond son  of  Major  de  Havilland,  H.  P. 
51st  Light  Inf.  whilst  en  route  to  join  his 
regt,  53d  Bengal  Nat.  Inf. 

Ajiril  4.  At  Hyderabad,  aged  18, 
Lieut.  Frank  Burr,  21st  Bombay  Nat. 
Inf.  son  of  George  Burr,  esq.  of  East 
Farleigh,  Kent.  He  died  from  wounds 
received  in  the  victory  gained  over  the 
Beloochees,  Mar.  24. 

May  3.  At  Balmeer,  aged  28,  Lewis 
Maiter  Jones,  Lieutenant  in  3rd  Bombay 
Cavalry,  a  son  of  the  late  Lieut.- Gen.  Sir 
Rich.  Jones,  K.C.B. 

May  4.  At  Mandavie,  in  Kutch, 
drowned  whilst  bathing,  aged  19,  Lieut. 
Wellington  Campbell,  2d  European  Bom- 
bay Nat.  Inf.  sixth  son  of  Archibald 
Campbell,  esq.  late  of  the  Mount  Hav- 
roed. 

May  5.  At  Mussoorie,  aged  42,  Lt.- 
Col.  Thomas  Skinner,  C.B.  of  H.  M.  3l8t 
foot.  He  contracted  his  fatal  disorder 
during  his  service  in  Affghanistan,  for 
which  he  received  his  Companionship  of 
iheBatb. 

At  Landour, .  Lieut.-Col.  XhO0«  Skia* 


ner,  C.B.  31st  Regt.  eldest  son  of  the 

late  Ldeut.-Gen.  Sldnner. 

At  Indore,  Emily,  wife  of  Capt. 
Willde,  and  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
William  Bishop,  esq.  of  Regent's  Park 
and  Gray's  Wood,  Surrey. 
.  May  6.  At  Gkmtoor,  Assistant  Surgeon 
H.  G.  Luttrell. 

May  9.  On  his  passage  from  Madras 
to  Singapore,  aged  27,  Lieut.  Greorge  J. 
Purvis,  39th  Madras  Nat.  Inf.  third  son 
of  Lieut.  Col.  Purvis,  of  Darsham  House, 
Suffolk. 

At  Tatta,  Ensign  Chfld,  and,  May  10, 
Lieut.  Scale,  boUi  of  the  15th  Madras 
N.  Inf. 

May  15.  At  Bangalore,  Isabella-Gor- 
don, wife  of  Capt.  O.  Perrott,  H.  M.  15th 
Hussars,  fifth  dau.  of  Alex.  Donaldson, 
esq.  of  Edinburgh. 

May  17.  At  Hourah,  Calcutta,  Thos. 
Eccles  Bush,  esq.  late  of  the  Hon.  East 
India  Co.'s  Serv.  second  son  of  Thomas 
Bush,  esq.  of  Melbury-ter.  Regent's  Park. 

May  19.  At  Hyderabad,  Assistant 
Surgeon  Baxter,  of  Leslie's  troop  of 
Bombay  Horse  Artillery,  and  only  son  of 
Rob.  Baxter,  esq.  of  Michael-place, 
Brompton. 

.    May  20.    At  Madras,  Henry  Pybus, 
esq.  late  of  Canton. 

May  21.  At  Surat,  aged  39,  William 
Richardson,  esq.  Judge  and  Session  Judge 
in  that  city.  He  had  served  in  the  Bombay 
civil  service  for  more  than  twenty  years, 
and  was  much  esteemed  both  as  a  public 
servant  and  a  private  member  of  society. 
At  one  period  of  his  life  he  was  a  devoted 
sportsman,  and  in  1836-7  he  was  Capt. 
Harris's  companion  in  an  adventurous  ex- 
pedition from  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  into 
the  interior  of  Southern  Africa. 

May  22.  At  Bangalore,  aged  19,  Lieut. 
Beauchamp  M.  Macdonald,  32nd  Madras 
N.  Inf. 

May  23.  At  Malligaum,  Bombay  Pre- 
sidency, aged  27,  Emily,  wife  of  Metcalfe 
Larken,  esq.  of  the  Hon.  Co.'s  Civil 
Service. 

May  24.  At  Dorundah,  aged  27,  Lieut. 
Joseph -Hennessey  Fulton,  3rd  Bengal 
Nat.  Inf.  son  of  the  late  John  William- 
son Fulton,  esq.  of  Upper  Harley-st. 

May  25.  At  Rajiote,  aged  35,  Julia 
Harriet,  wife  of  A.  J.  Montefiore,  esq. 
Surgeon  of  the  Ist  Bombay  Cavalry. 

May  28.  At  Chittagong,  province  of 
Bengal,  Isabella,  wife  of  Robert  Trotter, 
esq.  of  the  Hon.  East  India  Co.'s  Civil 
Service. 

May..,  At Secunderabad, Capt. Thomas 
Gibson,  H.  M.  4th  foot.    His  wife  died 
at  Mundygaum  in  March  last. 
.    May.  • .    On  his  way  from  DInapore  to 
Calcutta,  for  the  amputatioii  of  hit  l0|, 


334 


Obituary. 


[Sept. 


Capt.  Charles  Guthrie,  late  of  the  Invalid 
establishment. 

May.,,  Capt.  W.  G.  Cooper,  Tlst 
Bengtd  N.  Inf.  Assistant  Adjatant-gen. 
at  Benares. 

May  29.  At  Rajkote,  Madras,  aged 
S6,  Catharine-Dufif,  wife  of  Lieut.-Col. 
D.  Cunninghame,  1st  Lancers. 

June  6.  At  Erinpoorah,  Serohi,  aged 
33,  Capt.  William  Oliver  Young,  of  the 
Hon.  Co.'s  Artillery,  and  Commissary  of 
Ordnance  at  Ajmere,  son  of  Dr.  Henry 
Young,  of  Devonshire-pl.  London. 

June  7.  At  St.  Thom^,  the  wife  of 
Migor-Gen.  Gibson,  commanding  at  Vel- 
lore. 

June  8.  At  Joonia,  in  Kattiawar, 
Bombay,  aged  37,  Gapt.  John  R.  Hibbert, 
fourth  son  of  the  late  Charles  Hibbert, 
esq.  of  Grove  House, Tottenham,  Quarter- 
master and  Interpreter  of  the  2nd  Euro- 
pean Light  Inf. 

June  12.  At  Mazagon,  Madras,  Eliza- 
beth-Charlotte-Diana, wife  of  brevet 
Capt.  C.  C.  Lucas,  4th  Rifles. 

West  Indies. — June  3.  At  Falmouth, 
Jamaica,  aged  25,  John,  eldest  son  of 
George  Cunningham,  esq.  of  Greenside 
and  Maxfield  estates,  in  the  parish  of 
Trelawny,  and  late  of  Lansdown-cres. 
Bath. 

June  7.  At  Jamaica,  two  days  after 
child-birth,  the  Right  Hon.  Countess  of 
Elgin.  She  was  the  dau.  of  Major  Gum- 
ming Bruce,  M.P.  and  was  married  only 
last  year. 

June  8.  At  Port-au-Prince,  Haiti, 
aged  27,  Robert  Duncan  King,  esq. 
British  Vice  Consul  in  Haiti,  eldest  son 
of  Capt.  J.  D.  King,  of  KingviUe,  Water- 
ford. 

July  5.  At  Mangrove  Plantation,  Bar- 
bados, Mary  Bishop,  third  dau.  of  the  late 
President  Skeete,  and  wife  of  William  B. 
Gibbons,  esq. 

Abroad. — Jan,  16.  At  Sydney,  N.  S. 
Wales,  Ellen,  wife  of  W.  M,  MoUe,  esq. 
Madras  civil  service,  youngest  daughter 
of  John  Blaxland,  esq.  of  Newington,  N, 
S.  Wales. 

Feb,  16.  At  Sydney,  N.  S.  Wales, 
aged  35,  Charlotte,  wife  of  Thomas  Icely, 
esq.  and  only  dau.  of  N.  P.  Rothery,  esq. 
late  of  Somerset-st.  Portman-sq. 

March  2.  At  Sydney,  New  South 
Wales,  Flora  Caroline,  wife  of  Henry 
Tingcombe,  esq.  and  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  Capt.  M'Leod,  R.N.  C.B. 

March  18.  At  the  Gape  of  Good  Hope, 
Robert  RoUo  Gillespie,  Capt.  15th 
Hussars. 

March  30.  At  Macao,  China,  aged 
26,  John  Henry,  only  surviving  son  of 
Wm.  Larkins,  esq.  of  Sidmouth;  and  late  of 
Jglackheath, 


May  1.  At  Rio  de  Janeiro,  Sarah, 
wife  of  Mr.  Frederic  Grigg,  her  Majesty's 
Commissioner  of  Arbitration  at  that  place. 

May  6.  At  the  Lazaretto,  Malta,  on 
his  return  from  China,  Henry  Elliot  Burl- 
ton  Bennett,  R.N.,  late  First  Lieut,  of 
her  Majesty's  brig  "  Clio." 

June  9,  At  Carlsbad,  Bohemia,  Jane, 
only  dau.  of  Robert  Ogle,  esq.  of  Eng- 
lingham,  Northumberluid. 

June  10.  At  Madeira,  Wilhelmina, 
dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.  Col.  Josiah  Stewart, 
C.B.  Madras  Army. 

June  13.  At  Naples,  aged  65,  Louisa, 
relict  of  Sir  Francis  John  Hartwell,  Bart. 

June  15.  At  Mergentheim,  aged  67» 
Prince  Charles  Albert  de  Hohenlohe  Wal- 
denbourg  Schillingsfurst,  the  head  of  the 
Hohenlohe  fieimily. 

June  15.  At  Paris,  Elizabeth  Coventry, 
Baroness  de  Stein,  of  Kochberg,  Saxe 
Weimar,  widow  of  Baron  F.  de  Stein,  and, 
by  ber  first  marriage,  widow  of  Colonel 
R.  Bowie,  of  the  East  India  Company's 
service. 

June  16.  At  Paris,  the  Count  de  Mon- 
dreville.  He  married  the  Marquess  of 
Ailesbury's  eldest  dau.  Lady  Maria  Bruce, 
who  died  in  Nov.  1835. 

At  St.  Petersburgh,  aged  87,  the  cele- 
brated Field-Marshal  Count  Wittgenstein. 
He  was  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Rus- 
sian armies  during  nearly  the  whole  of  the 
late  French  war.  The  Emperor  has  given 
orders  that  the  Russian  army  should  wear 
mourning  for  three  days. 

June  17.  At  Brussels,  aged  12,  Caro- 
line Jane,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  William  Drury. 

June  18.  At  Sorel,  Canada  West,  aged 
43,  Selina  Harriet  Cotton,  wife  of  Major 
IVancis  Ringler  Thomson,  R.  E. 

June  20.  At  St.  Helena,  aged  47, 
George  William  Janisch,  esq.  Consul  for 
Hamburgh  and  Bremen. 

At  Philadelphia,  the  Hon.  Antonio 
Gomez,  late  member  of  H.  M.  Privy 
Council  of  Trinidad,  and  Puisne  Judge 
of  the  same  place. 

June  23,  At  Brussels,  Katharine,  wife 
of  Mons.  Auguste  de  Janti,  and  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Isaac  Elton,  esq.  of  Sta- 
pleton  house,  co.  Gloucester. 

June  26.  On  board  the  Tulloch  Castle, 
aged  67,  Capt.  John  Machesor,  late  of 
E.  I.  Co.'s  service,  and  of  Blue  Mountain 
Pen,  Manchester,  Jamaica. 

Lately,  At  Bastia,  in  Corsica,  on  her 
way  to  England  from  Italy,  Grace,  third 
dau.  of  the  late  ^ev.  Robert  Bathurst, 
and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Bishop  of 
Norwich. 

At  Greenleafs  Point,  America,  aged 
114,  Gary,  the  coloured  servant  of  Gen, 
Washington,  to  whom  the  last  Congress 
granted  a  trifling  pension. 


1843.1 


Obituary. 


335 


At  Santa  Cruz,  Teneriffe,  aged  23,  J. 
DanD,  esq.  M.R.C.S.  eldest  son  of  the 
late  Rev.  James  Dunn,  B.D.  Rector  of 
Preston,  Suffolk. 

At  Dresden,  Frederik  Kind,  the  German 
poet,  authorofthe  libretto  to  the  Freyschutz. 

Aged  7,  a  dau.  of  the  Hon.  Mr.  Welles- 
ley,  Charg^  d*  Affaires  at  Stutgardt.  Her 
death  was  caused  by  falling  from  the 
carriage  whilst  travelling  from  Stutgardt 
to  Paris,  v^hich  fractured  her  skull.  She 
was  grand-dau.  to  Lord  Cowley,  Ambassa- 
dor at  Paris. 

The  Hon.  Hugh  S.  Legure,  Attorney- 
Gen,  of  the  United  States. 

July  5.  At  Baden  Baden,  the  lady  of 
Henry  Story,  esq.  R.N. 


July  6.  At  Calais,  Herbert-Walton, 
third  son  of  Mr.  Serjeant  Merewether. 

July  17.  At  Paris,  aged  79,  William 
Beverley,  esq.  late  of  Beverley. 

July  19.  At  Rosemont,  Lausanne, 
Euphemia,  wife  of  George  Mathew,  esq. 
and  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  John  Hamilton » 
esq.  of  Riseland. 

At  Bromberg,  his  Royal  Highness 
Prince  William  Augustus  of  Prussia,  while 
on  a  tour  to  inspect  the  artillery,  of  which 
he  was  commander-in-chief.  His  Royal 
Highness  was  born  Sept.  19,  1779,  and 
was  the  youngest  son  of  Prince  Henry 
Ferdinand  of  Prussia,  brother  to  Frederick 
the  Great. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

From  the  Returns  issued  by  the  Registrar  General, 

Deaths  Registered  from  July  22,  to  August  19.    (5  weeks.) 

Under  15.. 

15  to  60 

60  and  upwards 


Males         2060  )  qqki 
Females     1891  J  "^^^^ 


. .  •  • . 


} 


♦  This  cannot  be  completed,  the  Registrar- General's  Return  for  the  week  ending 
July  29,  not  having  been  filled  up. 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  Aug.  19. 

Wheat. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

Peas. 

t,    d. 

s,     d. 

s,     d. 

s,     d. 

g.     d. 

s,    d. 

59    9 

23  U 

21     5 

37     1 

32    6 

34*    9 

PRICE  OF  HOPS,   Aug.  25. 
Sussex  Pockets,  4/.  18^.  to  5/.  12^.— Kent  Pockets,  61.  0«.  to  7/.  0«. 


PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Aug.  25. 
Hay,  4/.  0*.  to  4/.  18* Straw,  2/.  0«.  to  2/.  7*,— Clover,  4/.  15».  to  5/.  15*. 

SMITHFIELD,  Aug.  25.     To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  81bs. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  July  21. 

Beasts 653      Calves   396 

SheepandLambs  9,990      Pigs      326 


Beef. 2*.  8rf.  to  4*.  Od, 

Mutton 3*.  Sid,  to  4*.  4rf. 

Veal 3s.  8^.  to  4*.  2d. 

Pork 3*.  Orf.  to  4*.  Qd, 

COAL  MARKET,  Aug.  25. 

Walls  Ends,  from  14*.  Qd.  to  19*.  6<f.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  13*.  Orf.  to  16*.  0<f» 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  44*.  6J.      Yellow  Russia,  44*.  Od. 
CANDLES,  7*.  Qd.  per  doz.     Moulds,  9*.0i. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Baothers,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 

23,  Change  Alley,  Cornhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  187^. Ellesmere  and  Chester,  64. Grand  Junction,  14L 

Kennet  and  Avon,    10. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  650.  Regent's,  20. 

Rochdale,  54. London  Dock  Stock,  95|. St.  Katharine's,  107§. East 

and   West   India,  124^.  London  and  Birmingham  Railway,  223. Great 

Western,  21  i  pm. London  and  Southwestern,  65|. Grand  Junction  Water 

Works,  77. West  Middlesex,  1 13. Globe  Insurance,  130.  Guardian, 

43. Hope,  6|. Chartered  Gas,  64J. Imperial  Gas,  74. Phoenix  Gas, 

32i. London  and  Westminster  Bank,  23. Reversionary  Interest,  103. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  as  above* 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  W.CARY,  Strand. 
Fhtmjttlf  36  to  Avj/wl  ^.  iSi3,  ielh  ineltuive. 
F;ihrenbeie's  Therm. 


P»hrenheit's  Therm 

■s-s 

If 

1 

3i 

11 

1 

Weatlier. 

Jul, 

■> 

" 

30,  2  j 

X7 

6d\  67 

m 

,03 

S« 

HH 

,w 

,02 

r.cly.f.1.  rn. 

W 

fia 

4iW 

.^pH 

29,  6S 

do,do.hy,Bhs. ; 

<i7 

,07 

Hi 

fiH 

«i.'. 

-■iH 

,00 

do.  do  .do  .do.  i 

<i.i 

«7 

hH 

Tair 

^ 

«W 

(ill 

.Vt 

,G« 

H 

(14, 

.W 

Mi 

,50 

do. 

4 

*ia 

W 

,A0 

etmy.tlmder. 

.5 

'ii 

HI 

(i4 

,80 

fi 

(i.i 

07 

,90 

do. 

7 

'17 

70 

RH 

do. 

VI 

77 

IWI 

do. 

f) 

TV 

7fl 

71 

,05    do.  liBLtiiiiiEll 

10 

bH 

til 

do.                 I! 

If 

1 

It 

S 

Weatliiir. 

(a 

fifl 

(i7 

...pt.. 

fr.  lielitniiig 

V.S 

hV 

,25 

(iH 

«0 

,20 

do. 

(i7 

7.S 

(i.S 

,07 

|do. 
,do. 

-H 

39,  9J 

«'/ 

(Wi 

w 

7»i 

4i7 

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stormj 

«iH 

,  IS 

70 

fi7 

,07 

do. 

Tl 

HI 

7.'i 

ia,s^ 

[do. 

70 

7V 

M 

«l 

(i7 

,S»i 

Ihir 

fi,t 

nin 

IW 

«rt 

(Hi 

.W 

,77 

cloudy,  ftir 

C5 

fi7 

ST 

3CK 

5. 

■a 

S^ 

mi 

m 

04 

94 

HI 

94 

mi 

94 

IHU, 

94 

itih 

95 

\H)t 

95 

IKIJI 

95 

95 

95 

IHIJ 

9,1 

UR 

"fcl 

IKMI 

fW 

ISI 

95 
95 

IHVi 

H5 

iH';* 

as 

IKiJS 

laa^ 

95. 

95 

9i|  ' 

941    

MS  103 

94J    

SH  — 

94i    

94>|  103 

9*1   


to-^ 

10l(f 

102 

ll'4 

lOi^i 

IIIH 

IWi 

[Oi; 

1021 

lOlf 

m) 

KIN 

im 

m, 

lOti 

loaii  ioi| 

1024    101  i 

102^1  10  Ij 

103}    101 

103^1   101 

I02J'  101 

l08j'  10  J 

I02i 

loa 

]02jl  102 

l02|'  103 

103  I  103i 

103  I  1021 

]02|l  t02 

loaj'  !0e 

1021  102 

102^  lOlJ 


55  57  pm. 

55  57  pm, 

57  55  pm, 

S5  57  pm. 

55  57  pm. 

55  57  pm, 

5S  55  pm. 

59  57  pm 

Se  60  pm, 


59 


61     59  pm, 

69    Glpm. 

61  pm. 


5S    60  pm. 

5Spm. 
58     (iOpm. 
60    58  pm. 


J.J.  ARNULL,  Englisti  and  Foreign  Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

I,  Bank  Buildings,  London. 

).  B,  NICBOU  AMD  SON,  PUHTIKS,  S9,,  FAMrlAlUNC-StEBBT, 


SS8 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


We  have  rereived  another  letter  from 
Sir  William  Betham,  in  reply  to  Mr, 
Kf.mpe*8  remsrks  in  p.  130 :  but  we 
must  ask  permission  to  put  a  period  to 
the  discussion,  particularly  as  the  main 
subject  has  been  already  lost  sight  of  in 
an  exnmi nation  of  forms  of  expression ; 
wearing  too  much  the  appearance  of  re- 
crimifiation,  which  must  be  alwnys  use- 
less and  injurious  in  literary  questions. 
Our  critic  has  admitted  his  error  in  the 
example  he  selected,  but  maintains  his 
opinion  of  the  general  character  of  Sir 
W.  Betham*8  etymologies. — It  appears 
to  us  only  necessary  to  extract  two  pas- 
sages  of  Sir  W.  Betham's  letter,  the  tirst 
stating  that  he  has  not  discarded  the 
points  of  the  Eugubian  tables,  but  has 
**  appropriated  them  to  the  division  of 
sentences^  as  the  more  refined  system  of 
punctuation  is  now  used,  and  rejected  the 
notion  of  a  point  between  every  word  ;** 
2.  that  the  Royal  Irish  Academy  has  not 
in  any  way  given  an  opinion  on  the  subject 
of  Sir  William's  etymological  suggestions. 
Our  Reviewer  referred  to  a  letter  of  the 
Secretary  of  a  learned  Society  written  to 
Sir  Wm.  Betham  in  ]bS8,  on  occasion  of 
his  communicating  to  them  a  paper  on  the 
affinity  of  Etruscan  and  Irish  languages.— 
This  will  be  seen  in  Etrurie  Celtica,  vol. 
i.  p.  52. 

Mr.  Halliwell,  who  is  preparing  for 
publication  a  Dictionary  of  Archaic  end 
Provincial  Words,  would  feel  much  obliged 
if  any  of  our  country  readers,  who  have 
noticed  the  dialectical  peculiarities  of  the 
English  language,  would  forward  their  con- 
tributions to  him,  care  of  Mr.  J.  R.  Smith, 
i,  Old  Compton  Street,  Soho  Square, 
London.  Peculiar  words,  phrases,  pro- 
verbs, customs,  and  also  printed  speci- 
mens of  our  local  dialects,  which  are 
often  difficult  to  procure,  would  be  thank- 
fully received,  and  most  fully  acknow- 
ledged. 

A  Cockney  observes,  that  the  Sheriffs 
of  London  and  Middlesex,  together  with 
their  personal  (not  to  say  their  family) 
ftrms,  the  arms  of  their  guild  or  trading 


company,  and  the  arms  of  the  city  of 
London,  display  on  their  carriages  the 
following  coat,  intended  for  the  county  of 
Middlesex,  Gules,  three  swords  or  seaxes 
in  pale  argent,  pommeled  or ;  and  he 
inquires  of  our  country  correspondents 
whether  other  Sheriffs  bear  like  coats  for 
their  respectives  counties? 

We  have  the  authority  of  Mr.  John 
Major  to  state  that  the  first  three  editions 
of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  had  no  cuts.  It 
is  doubtful  whether  the  first  edition  has 
the  portrait  of  the  author  dreaming;  but 
the  second  and  third  have  this  portrait. 
It  is  fully  believed  there  is  but  one  copy 
extant  of  the  first  edition. 

Mr.  W.  ^iRB,  of  Colchester,  has  a 
copy  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  which 
corresponds  with  that  described  by  Mr. 
Allies  in  our  last  number.  The  pages 
of  the  woodcuts  agree,  and  in  the  verses 
under  each  picture,  which  are  of  the  rudest 
character.  This  copy  is  complete,  and  on 
the  title  page  it  is  stated  to  be  ''  The 
Nineteenth  Edition,  with  additions  of 
new  cuts.  London,  printed  for  M.  Bod- 
dington,  at  the  Golden  Ball  in  Duck 
Lane,  1718.** 

In  our  May  number,  p.  599,  there  if 
an  error  in  the  memoir  of  the  late  Mr. 
Brewster,  where  it  is  stated  **  Mr. 
Brewster  married,  &c.'*  It  ought  to  have 
been,  '<Mr.  Brewster  married  Frances, 
youngest  daughter  of  Leonard  Robinson, 
esq.  of  Stockton,  merchant,  by  Ann, 
daughter  of  Francis  Barker,  of  Stockton, 
esq.  Mrs.  Brewster  died  in  1818."  The 
Leonard  Robinson,  esq.  who  married 
Priscilla,  daughter  of  Peter  Consett,  esq. 
was  brother  to  Mrs.  Brewster. 

Vol.  XVIII.  p.  427.— General  Dilkes, 
of  whom  a  memoir  is  given  in  the  Maga- 
zine for  October,  was  of  an  Irbh  family, 
and  son  of  Thomas  Dilkes,  esq.  a  Major 
in  the  army,  by  Margaret,  third  daughter 
of  Robert  Denny,  esq.  of  Eye,  in  Suffolk, 
and  grandson  of  Admiral  Sir  Thomas 
Dilkes,  who  was  knighted  in  1704  for  his 
services  in  the  Mediterranean,  and  died 
in  Dec.  1707  at  Leghorn. 


340  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmotith.  [Oct. 

with  verbal  exactness,  and  he  must  eit  as  a  judge  on  those  on  whose 
opinion,  when  cleared  and  sifted  from  error,  his  own  must  be  adjusted  and 
formed.  There  are  difficulties  therefore  attending  biography  on  either 
side  of  the  question  5  and  all  we  can  say  is,  that  in  most  cases  a  consider- 
able portion  of  truth  is  sure  to  reach  us  3  that  the  leading  characteristic 
features  will  be  recognised ;  while  the  understanding  of  the  reader  will 
enable  him  to  make  all  reasonable  allowances,  whether  in  praise  or  blame ; 
rejecting  the  unessential,  softening  the  exaggerated^  and  retaining  only  that 
which  unites  and  harmonizes  with  the  general  and  abstract  character  of 
the  whole. 

The  present  biography,  though  written  by  the  son  of  the  person 
described,  is  little  open  to  objection  on  the  score  of  any  gross  or 
vulgar  exaggeration  ;  from  all  such  defects  the  good  taste,  the  gentlemanly 
feelings,  and  the  conscientious  character  of  the  author,  has  fully  secured 
him.  His  love,  his  reverence  of  the  memory  of  his  father,  is  seen  in 
every  page  -,  but  it  is  shewn  in  the  pleasing  and  harmonizing  light  it  sheds 
over  the  whole  ;  it  is  shewn  in  the  faithful  registry  of  his  acts,  and  in  an 
honourable  pride  in  his  character.  Perhaps  it  may  be  considered  too  long 
for  the  patience  of  some  readers,  and  too  serious  for  the  disposition  of 
others  ;  but  that  is  the  great  and  general  defect  of  biography  in  the  present 
day,  when  the  press  has  so  enlarged  the  facilities  for  publication,  and  the 
curiosity  of  the  public  has  increased  in  proportion.  Yet  it  is  a  work  that 
we  think  may  be  of  no  little  utility  to  many,  whether  to  those  who  merely 
contemplate  it  as  the  life  of  a  good,  able,  and  conscientious  man,  and  who 
draw  from  it  for  their  own  moral  benefit  the  lessons  it  inculcates ;  or  for 
those  who,  commencing  a  similar  course  in  public  life,  would  keep  it 
before  them  as  an  advantageous  example  for  imitation.  He  who  was 
selected  for  the  highest  and  most  arduous  situation  of  Governor  of  our 
vast  and  distant  empire  of  India,  and  to  whom  the  uncontrolled  dominion 
of  millions  of  his  fellow-creatures  was  entrusted,  assuredly  was  not 
one  whose  abilities,  whose  experience,  and  whose  integrity  were  not  gene- 
rally admitted ;  and  he  who  with  unsought  acceptance  received  these 
exalted  honours,  and  who,  when  he  descended  from  the  eastern  throne, 
returned  again  uninjured  and  unpolluted  to  the  pure  pleasures  of  domestic 
life,  and  the  humble  blessings  of  comparative  obscurity  ;  who  had  a  mind 
uncorrupted  by  power,  unshaken  by  difficulty,  and  unseduced  by  wealth ; 
and  who,  in  subsequent  retirement,  was  religious  without  gloom  or  austerity, 
benevolent  without  ostentation,  and  active  without  intemperance  or  fana- 
ticism ;  was  surely  one  whose  example  the  thoughtful  cannot  read  without 
improvement,  nor  even  the  careless  without  instruction. 

Lord  Teignmouth's  ancestors  were  of  Derbyshire.  The  family  of 
Shore  is  of  considerable  antiquity  in  that  county.  Thomas  Shore  repre- 
sented the  borough  of  Derby  in  Parliament  in  the  reigns  of  Richard  II. 
and  Henry  IV.,  and  Ralph  Shore  in  that  of  Henry  V,,  and  two  of  the 
same  name  are  returned  by  the  commissioners  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VI. 
as  amongst  the  gentry  of  the  county  of  Derby.  Lord  Teignmouths 
immediate  progenitor  was  John  Shore,  of  Snitterton,  in  the  parish  of 
Darley,  near  Matlock.  The  farm-houses  and  cottages  of  this  hamlet  are 
sprinkled  over  the  sloping  sides  of  Oker  Hill,  conspicuous  from  its  ele- 
vation, and  from  the  position  of  two  weather-beaten  trees  on  its  summit, 
still  known  by  the  name  of  Shore  trees.*     John   Shore  purchased  the 

^ 1 ^m-rr~m ' ' n -iiuw.jj__lim-        i  ■ _  i         i 

^  These  trees  have  been  celebrated  by  Mr.  Wordsworth  in  a  sonnet  beginning — 


1843.]  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouih.  341 

manor  of  Snitterton  of  the  Sacheverells  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  and 
probably  resided  at  Snitterton  Hall,  a  venerable  and  once  moat-girt  man- 
sion at  the  foot  of  Oker.  His  possessions  were  inherited  and  subsequently 
sold  by  his  son  John. 

Sir  John  Shore,  eldest  son  of  the  latter,  was  a  physician  at  Derby,  and 
knighted  by  Charles  II.  soon  after  the  Restoration.  Sir  John  Shore's  family 
were  royalists,  and  the  Shores  are  said  to  have  lost  their  property  in  the 
royal  cause.  .  Woolley*s  MSS.  contain  an  account  of  Thomas  Shore,  of 
Ashover,  (whose  family  is  connected  with  that  of  Snitterton,  and  whose 
last  male  representative,  a  retired  merchant,  lately  died  at  that  place,)  having 
been  hid  by  his  wife  in  a  cave  in  which  he  had  taken  refuge,  whilst  she, 
a  very  stout  woman,  armed  with  a  short  staff,  opposed  on  a  bridge  a  party 
of  Cromwell's  horse  who  were  searching  for  him.  The  husband,  stripped 
of  the  greater  part  of  a  good  estate,  lived  at  Snitterton,  where,  not  long 
ago,  the  staff  wielded  by  the  heroine  still  hung  from  the  roof  of  a  cottage 
occupied  by  one  of  her  descendants.  Sir  John  Shore's  second  marriage 
opened  to  his  family  the  subsequent  connection  with  India,  his  wife's 
brother  becoming  ship's-husband,  or  owner,  in  the  trade  of  the  East 
India  Company.  His  then  eldest  son  dying  young,  his  fourth  son  Thomas 
inherited  his  properity  j  he  enjoyed  the  lucrative  situation  of  supercargo  to 
the  East  India  Company,  and  was  twice  married.  By  his  second  wife,  the 
daughter  of  Captain  Shepherd,  of  the  East  India  Company's  Service,  he 
had  two  sons :  John,  the  subject  of  this  memoir,  was  the  elder,  and  was 
born  in  London  on  the  8th  Oct.  1751,  in  St.  James's  Street,  his  parents 
residence  being  Melton  Place,  near  Romford,  in  Essex.  In  his  7th  year 
he  was  removed  to  a  seminary  at  Tottenham,  in  the  next  he  lost  his  father 
from  a  paralytic  attack.  His  widow  was  left  in  comfortable  circumstances. 
She  is  described  as  a  person  elegant  in  manners,  affectionate  to  her  chil- 
dren, with  conduct  and  principles  regulated  by  religion.  Soon  after  his 
father's  death,  John  Shore's  future  course  was  settled  by  his  acceptance  of 
a  Writership  offered  by  an  old  friend  of  his  family,  named  Pigou,  In  the 
meantime  he  had  been  removed  from  Tottenham  to  Hertford,  and  placed 
under  the  care  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Harland,  author  of  a  tragedy  and  other 
pieces.  Here  he  imbibed  from  his  master  the  love  of  poetry  and  romantic 
adventure.  He  rose  at  daybreak  to  read  Pope's  Homer,  and  had  a 
passionate  desire  to  accompany  an  expedition  of  discovery.  On  his  re* 
moval  to  Harrow,  in  his  fifteenth  year,  he  was  placed  on  the  fifth  form, 
and  from  his  position  in  the  school  he  enjoyed  the  instruction  of  the  two 
eminent  scholars  under  whose  auspices  it  then  flourished, — Doctor  Sum- 
ner and  Doctor  Samuel  Parr.  His  diligence  and  taste  soon  recommended 
him  to  the  partiality  of  the  former.  He  would  indeed  observe  that  the 
refined  sensitiveness  of  Dr.  Sumner's*  taste  produced  one  defect  in  his 
conduct  as  master  of  a  public  school,— a  disposition  to  neglect  boys  in 
whom  this  faculty  was  found  wanting.  One  boy  having  aggrieved  him 
whilst  reciting  the  opening  line  of  an  ode  of  Horace,  by  several  false 

'T  is  said,  that  to  the  brow  of  yon  fair  hill 
Two  brothers  clomb,  and  turning  face  to  face, 
Kor  one  look  more  exchanging,  grief  to  still 
Or  feed,  each  planted  on  that  lofty  place 
A  chosen  tree,"  &c. — Son.  adv. 
*  To  this  very  learned,  amiable,  and  accomplished  man  Sir  W.  Jones  inscribed  his 

Commentaries  on  Asiatic  Poetry.    See  also  his  praise  in  the  Pnrsaits  of  Literatare^ 

and  Life  of  Dr.  S,  Parr.— R»v. 


342  lAft  and  Corre$pondence  af  Lord  Tetgnnumth,  [Octw 

quantities,  he  manifested  his  disgust  by  never  again  allowing  the  boy  to  eon - 
strae  before  him.  At  Harrow,  Shore  read  Virgil,  Horace^  Cicero,  Horner^ 
and  Sophocles.  His  early  predilection  for  Pope's  Translation  was  enconrag«d 
by  Dr.  Sumner,  who  invariably  quoted  from  it,  when  Homer  was  rcad^ 
the  passages  corresponding  to  the  original,  and  would  frequently,  when 
adverting  to  its  alleged  defects,  challenge  production  of  a  better.*  Hii 
position  in  the  school  was  between  two  boys  destined  like  himself  to  emi- 
nence, Nathaniel  Halhed  and  Richard  Brinsley  Sheridan.  He  often 
described  the  character  of  thest  schoolfellows  ;  observing  of  the  former^ 
that  he  possessed  first-rate  talents,  and  excelled  any  one  he  had  ever 
known  in  the  acuteness  of  his  perceptions^  giving  promise  at  school  of 
celebrity  which,  through  indolence  or  eccentricity,  he  never  realised.  His 
description  of  Sheridan's  boyish  habits  corresponded  with  the  representa* 
tions  familiar  to  every  one.  With  Halhed,  Shore  renewed  his  intimacy 
in  India  $  but,  except  at  Richmond,  where  Sheridan  resided,  he  never  saw 
him  but  at  school.  Shore  left  Harrow  when  on  the  point  of  attaining  the 
captaincy  of  the  school ;  his  friendship,  however,  with  his  distinguished 
master  was  not  dissolved  by  separation,  but  cemented  by  a  correspondence 
which  continued  till  the  death  of  the  latter.  It  was  a  regulation  of  the  East 
India  Company,  that  their  civil  servants  should  be  versed  in  book-keeping 
and  merchants'  accounts  previous  to  entering  on  their  duties.  Shore  was 
accordingly  placed  at  a  seminary  at  Hoxton  in  his  1 7th  year,  where  he  passed 
nine  months  in  acquiring  knowledge  for  which  a  fortnight  would  have 
sufficed,  but  he  also  studied  the  French  and  Portuguese  languages  with  a 
view  to  readier  communication  with  the  foreign  settlements  in  India.  By 
a  singular  coincidence,  this  obscure  seminary  at  Hoxton  contained  at  this 
time  another  individual,  besides  himself,  destined  also  to  fill  the  high  office 
of  Governor- General  of  India — Lord  Rawdon,  afterwards  Marquess  of 
Hastings.  Lord  Teignmouth,  visiting  Lord  Hastings,  when  the  latter  was 
on  the  eve  of  departure  for  India,  reminded  him  of  their  early  acquaint-^ 
ance.  Mr.  Shore  embarked  for  India  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  with 
sermons  by  Clarke  and  Seed  f  in  his  trunk,  which  were  recommended  to 
him  by  Dr.  Hawkesworth,  the  author  of  the  **  Adventurer,"  &.c.  Mr. 
Shore's  messmates  were  a  disorderly  set  of  writers  and  cadets,  who  contrived 
to  fight  several  duels  before  the  end  of  the  voyage.  The  Captain  was  a 
rough,  well-meaning  sailor,  exhibiting  an  extraordinary  medley  of  occa- 
sional profaneness  and  religions  notions,  it  was  his  practice  on  Sundays 
to  let  down  the  canvas  curtain  at  one  end  of  the  cuddy,  and  to  read  the 
"        ■  ■  ... 

*  It  were  much  to  be  wished,  that  the  edition  of  Pope's  Homer  by  Gilbert  Wake- 
field were  printed  in  such  a  form  as  to  supersede  the  old  editions,  as  it  would  be  of 
great  use  to  the  student  and  young  scholar  in  pointing  out  the  mistakes  and  deviations 
from  the  original  made  by  the  translator.  We  had  the  gratification  of  seeing  the 
copy  of  Homer  from  which  Pope  translated,  at  Strawberry  Hill.  It  was  the  little 
edition  of  Wetstein,  and  Pope  in  the  fly-leaf  had  made  a  drawing  in  pencil  of  the  village 
of  Twickenham,  as  seen  from  beneath  the  arch  of  his  grotto.  We  possess  the  copy  of 
Chapman's  Homer  which  he  used,  and  had  marked  throughout  with  pencil.  He  has 
written  in  his  beautiful  hand,  E  Libris  Alexandri  Pope.  Pret.  3*.  It  subsequently 
was  Bp.  Warburton's,  who  gave  it  to  Thomas  Warton,  at  whose  death  his  brother 
Joseph  Warton  possessed  it,  and  we  purchased  it  at  his  sale. — Rev. 

t  Seed  was  Curate  of  Twickenham  during  the  time  that  Pope  resided  there.  It 
has  never,  as  far  as  we  know,  been  remarked,  that  Seed*s  Sermons  abound  in  ex- 
pressions and  sentiments  taken  from  Pope's  poetry ; — a  curious  fact  to  have  been  so 
long  unnoticed.  We  propose  soon  to  give  some  specimens  in  the  Magazine.  Clarke's 
Sermons  were  popular  at  this  time,  and,  lik^  HUotsoa's,  were  ptintsd  in  duodecimo 
for  wider  circulation,— Ret. 


1843.]  lAJe  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouth*  343 

Church  Service— a  duty  which  he  considered  a  complete  clearance  of  the 
Bins  of  the  preceding  week  3  and,  that  they  might  not  accumulate 
too  fast^  he  was  heard,  when  he  had  chanced,  in  the  hurry  of  giving 
orders,  to  utter  an  oath,  to  ejaculate  a  prayer  for  forgiveness,  observing, 
^'  Let  us  rub  off  as  we  go.'*  Mr.  Shore  landed  at  Bengal  in  such  ill- 
health,  that  his  shipmates  despaired  of  his  recovery  3  and  he  overheard 
them  observing,  that  he  would  never  reach  Calcutta,  This  city  of  palaces 
was  then  comparatively  a  small  and  inconvenient  town ;  not  more  than  two 
or  three  houses  were  fitted  up  with  Venetian  blinds  or  glass  windows. 
"  I  began  life,"  he  writes  soon  after  his  arrival,  "  without  connections  and 
friends  3  and  had  scarcely  a  letter  of  recommendation  or  introduction. 
There  was  no  church  at  Calcutta,  and  only  one  clergyman  in  the  tohole  of 
Bengal  /**  Mr,  Shore  was  appointed  to  the  Secret  Political  Department, 
with  an  annual  salary  of  96  current  rupees,  or  exactly  12/.  5  while  he  paid 
double  that  sum  for  a  miserable  and  unwholesome  dwelling.  The  colony 
was  then  much  distressed  by  the  heavy  cost  of  the  war  in  the  Carnatic,  and 
the  failure  of  the  revenues  3  whilst  the  gloom  of  its  prospects  was  deepened 
by  the  memorable  famine,  which,  it  is  supposed,  swept  away  one  fifth  or 
sixth  of  the  inhabitants.  Shore  lived  when  in  India  for  some  time,  as  others 
did,  thoughtlessly  and  too  expensively,  but  he  was  soon  taken  from  Calcutta 
and  appointed  Assistant  to  the  Council  at  Moorshedabad,  where,  owing 
to  the  indolence  of  the  chief  of  the  department,  he  suddenly  found  him- 
self, at  the  age  of  nineteen,  elevated  from  the  humble  drudgery  of  a 
Writer  to  the  respectable  situation  of  a  Judge,  invested  with  the  civil  and 
fiscal  jurisdiction  of  a  whole  district.  'MVill  you  believe,"  says  Mr. 
Hastings,  in  a  Letter  lately  published*  *'  that  the  boys  of  the  service  are 
the  Sovereigns  of  the  country,  under  the  unmeaning  titles  of  Supervisors, 
Collectors  of  the  Revenue,  and  Rulers,  heavy  Rulers,  of  the  people,**  &c. 
The  importance  of  this  charge  called  forth  the  energy  of  Mr.  Shore's 
character  3  he  would,  on  an  emergency,  remain  trying  causes,  from  the 
hour  of  breakfast  one  day  till  that  of  supper  on  the  following.  These 
involved  property  to  an  immense  amount.  In  a  single  year  he  adjudicated 
six  hundred  3  and  from  his  decisions  there  were  only  two  appeals.  At 
this  time  the  language  of  India  was  little  known  to  the  Company's  servants^ 
broken  English  being  the  only  medium  of  communication.  Mr.  Shore  how- 
e^'er  perceived  the  advantage  of  knowing  the  language  of  the  people  over 
whom  he  was  appointed  to  rule.  His  industry  embraced  the  Hindostanee, 
Persian,  and  Arabic  languages,  nor  did  he  neglect  the  Bengalee  3  in  Persian 
his  proficiency  was  considerable.  To  preserve  his  classical  knowledge  *  he 
kept  a  journal  in  Latin,  and  read  the  Greek  Testament  and  Homer.  In 
1773  he  was  appointed  to  the  Provincial  Council  of  Revenue  at  Calcutta, 
*'  and  he  exchanged  at  once,*'  says  his  Biographer^  '^  the  stillness  and 
seclusion  in  which  his  days  had  hitherto  flowed  peacefully  along  for  the 
angry  contentions  of  the  seat  of  unsettled  and  divided  government."  An 
Act  for  regulating  Indian  Affairs  passed  in  1773,  and  was  brought  into 
operation  in  1 774<  on  the  arrival  in  India  of  three  of  the  members  of  the 
Council,  Sir  Philip  Francis,  General  Clavering,  and  Colonel  Monson.  Mr. 
Hastings  was  immediately  involved  in  difficulties  with  his  colleagues,  and 
the  Governor-General  was  in  the  minority  till  the  death  of  Col.  Monson  in 

*  HU  dassieal  literature  does  not,  however,  seem  to  haye  been  very  extensive  ;  for 
he  says,  he  knew  the  **  Consolatioas  of  Philosophy,'*  by  BoSthius,  bj  quotations  pre« 
iUed  to  the  Rambler  and  Adventwer,  and  Mi9999  ii  woi  origlmUy  wrUten  in  Latm* 
— R«v. 


344  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teig^mouth  [Oct. 

1 77(^9  when  he  attained  the  ascendancy  ;  •  and  the  return  of  Mr.  Francis*  to 
England^  on  the  occasion  of  his  final  rupture  and  duel  with  Mr.  Hastings 
in    1780,   relieved  the  Governor-General  from  his  powerful  and   virulent 
adversary.     During  this  stormy  period  of  seven  years,  the  seat  of  Govern- 
ment was  on  the  verge  of  civil  war.     Mr.  Shore  received  his  appointment 
at  the  Board  from  the  opponents  of  Mr.  Hastings,  and  his  opinions  were 
generally  unfavourable  to  Mr.  Hastings's  measures.     On  one  occasion 
alone  did  he  revise  a  bitter  Philippic,  at  the  request  of  Mr.  Francis,  levelled 
in  the  shape  of  a  Minute  at  the  Governor-General.    The  peculiar  malignity 
of  the  style  had  deterred  another  friend  from  undertaking  the  task.     Soon 
after  this,  Mr.  Hastings  having  regained  unlimited  power,  abolished  the 
provincial  councils,  and  transferred  the  power  to  a  board  of  his  own  crea- 
tion, consisting  of  four  members.     At  the  recommendation  of  Mr.  Ander- 
son, Mr.  Shore  was  appointed  to  fill  the  second  place.     ^*  Appoint   Mr. 
Shore,*'  said  he,  to  Mr.  Hastings,  "  and  in  six  weeks  you  and  he  will  have 
formed  a  friendship."    The  proposal  was  acceded  to  and  the  prediction 
fulfilled.     Mr.  Hastings  and  Mr.  Shore  contracted  for  each  other  a  lasting 
regard,  though  the  latter  was  as  fully  aware  of  the  errors  of  the  Governor- 
General's    administration,    which  he  imputed  chiefly   to  his   lavish  ex- 
penditure.    Mr.  Shore  continued  acting  as  chief  of  the  board  of  revenue 
till  his  return  to  England  in  1785.     On  one  occasion  he  was  commissioned 
to  settle  the  revenues  of  Dacca  and  Behar.     It  is  said  that  in  this  single 
mission  he  might  easily  have  added  100,000/*  to  his  fortune,  while  for  the 
first  five  years   of  his  Indian  service  his   salary    never  exceeded  500/. 
a-year.     The  following  allusion  to  a  circumstance  which  happened  during 
one  of  his  missions  occurs  in  a  letter.     He  had  succeeded  in  checking  the 
dreadful  influence  of  a  severe  scarcity  which  had  prevailed  in  the  province 
of  Patna.     One  day  when  he  was  walking  in  the  fields,  weak  in  body  and 
uneasy  in  mind,  a  poor  native  whose  sufferings  he  had  relieved  was  pro* 
ceediug  in  the  same  path,  and  he  heard  him  exclaim — **  May  God  prolong 
your  life,  and  restore  your  health,  for  thou  hast  saved  the  lives  of  the 
poor  !"     In  1784,  he  received  intelligence  of  his  mother's  death,  while  yet 
mourning  the  loss  of  his  cousin,  and  only  relative  in  India,  Augustus  Clev- 
land.     At  the  end  of  the  year  1 784,  he  embarked  for  England  in  company 
with  his  friends,  Mr.  Anderson  and  Mr.  Hastings,  the  latter  of  whom 
he  describes  as  a  delightful  companion,  pouring  forth  the  stores  of  his 
cultivated  mind.     It  was  during  this  voyage  that  Mr.  Hastings  composed 
and   dedicated  to  his  friend    his  well-known  paraphrase  of    an  ode  of 
Horace.     Mr.  Shore  arrived  in  England  in  June   1785.     In  London  he 
retained  his  early  Indian  habits  3  he  never  rested  more  than  five,  or  slept 
more  than  four  hours,  and  invariably  walked  over  Westminster  and  Black- 
friars   bridges  before  breakfast  5  but  a  visit  to  his  brother  altered  and 
brightened  his  domestic  prospects.     He  visited  their  residence  near  Teign- 
month  during  their  absence,  and  was  received  by  a  young  lady  of  great 
personal   attractions,  whom  a  snow-storm  had   detained  at  the   house. 
She  was  the  only  daughter  of  a  widow  lady  named  Cornish,  of  the  Devon- 
shire family  of  Fludj^er.     His  affections  seemed  to  be  immediately  engaged  5 
he  cultivated  her  acquaintance,  and  in  the  February  following  she  became 
his  wife.     He  was,  however,  soon  called  away  from  the  duties  of  Hymen  ; 

*  Of  Mr.  Francis,  Mr.  Shore  writes  to  his  mother :  ''  As  far  as  I  can  judge  of  hit 
conduct  in  Bengal,  he  conducted  himself  in  all  public  business  with  honour  and  in-! 
tegrity,  nor  has  calumny  been  able  to  fix  an  imputation  of  dishonesty  00  his  name,''  &c. 


1843.}  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouth.  345 

for  Lord  Corhwallis  was  appointed  Governor-General  of  India  as  well  as 
Commander-in-Chief,  and  to  supply  his  want  of  experience  in  Indian 
affairs,  no  member  of  the  service  occurred  to  the  directors  better  than  Mr. 
Shore,  and  he  received  the  offer  of  a  seat  in  the  supreme  council.     On  the 
12th  of  April  he  sailed  from  Portsmouth  with  Lord  Comwallis  in  the 
Swallow  packet.     He  was  much  distressed  at  the  separation  from  his  bride, 
and  so  deeply  melancholy  were  his  thoughts  that  he  describes  himself  as 
envying  John  the  Painter,  whose  body  he  saw  hanging  in  chains  at  the 
place  of  embarkation.     Yet  his  appointment  he  felt  to  be  most  honourable 
to  himself^  and  it  afforded  great  satisfaction  to  the  Europeans  and  natives 
in  India.     Of  Lord  Cornwallis  he  always  speaks  in  the  highest  terms  of 
praise.     He  writes  to  a  friend :  "  I  love  and  esteem  his  character,  which 
is  what  the  world  allows  it ;  the  honesty  of  his  principle  is  inflexible , 
he  is  manly,  affable,  and  good  natured ;  of  an  excellent  judgment,  and 
he  has  a  degree  of  application  to  business  beyond  what  you  would  suppose. 
I  could  not  be  happier  with  any  man,"  &c.     It  was  at  this  period  that  he 
iirst  heard  of  the  proceedings  against  Mr.  Hastings  in  England.     "  Much 
prejudice,'*  he  says,  "  and  unfair  proceedings  have  been  used  with  respect 
to  him.     But,  on  his  trial  before  the  Peers,  he  has  nothing  to  fear  on  this 
subject.     There  he  will  be  heard  and  judged  with  impartiality,  and  a 
reasonable  allowance  be  made  for  the  errors  of  judgment,  which  even  the 
best  and  wisest  are  subject  to.     I  acknowledge  that  I  do  not  think  his 
conduct  exempt  from  blame,  or  altogether  consistent ;  but  what  man  who 
has  run  through  a  long  political  career  can  say,  I  never  erred.     As  a  man, 
I  know  him  to  possess  many  virtues — charity,  generosity,  and  forgiveness. 
As  a  statesman,  I  have  often  disapproved  of  his  conduct,"  &c.     A  letter 
which  he  wrote  to  Mr.  W.  Hastings  at  this  time  (Feb.  1787,)  breathes  the 
sentiments  of  the  most  friendly  regard,  and  most  cordial  wishes  for  his 
happiness.     With  a  view  to  the  vindication  ©f  his  character,  Mr.  Hastings 
had  requested  Mr.  Shore  to  obtain  from  the  natives  of  India  a  declaration 
of  their  free  sentiments  on  his  public  conduct  \  this  Mr.  Shore  prudently 
declined  doing,  lest  testimony  like  this  might  be  attributed  to  the  inter- 
position of  official  authority ;  but  at  his  request  Lord  Cornwallis  endea» 
voured  to  ascertain  during  his  visit  to  the  Upper  Provinces,  and  especially 
in  the  very  districts  which  had  been  the  supposed  scene  of  Mr.  Hastings's 
atrocities,  the  opinion  of  him  entertained  by  the  natives.     The  result  of 
the  inquiry,  to  use  Lord  Cornwallis's  own  words,  was,  that  "  Mr,  Hastings 
was  positively  beloved  by  the  people.**     Mr.  Shore  also  in  a  letter  to  Mr. 
Wyatt,  (Feb.  1789,)  writes,    ''Whatever  Mr.  Hastings's  public  conduct 
may  be,  I  can  safely  offer  you  my  opinion  of  his  private  character,  that 
I  never  knew  a  man  in  my  life  who  possessed  more  active  virtues.      He 
has  talents  also  for  every  thing— for  science  as  well  as  amusement ;  and 
all  who  had  the  opportunity  of  personally  knowing  him,  love  and  esteem 
him.     So  far  from  being  fond  of  money,  he  appears  to  me  the  most  in- 
different man  I  ever  saw  with  regard  to  it — imprudently  so,  indeed,"  &c. 
And  of  the  trial  itself,  and  the  motives  and  feelings  of  the  promoters  of  it, 
he  thus  expresses  himself  in  a  letter  to  Dr.  Cornish  :  *'  The  dissolution 
of  Parliament  has  called  off"  the  dogs  from  the  bear  Hastings,  and  whether 
the  trial  will  ever  be  resumed  is  doubtful,  and,  if  resumed,  J  am  clearly 
of  opinion  that  it  will  never  be  brought  to  a  division.      Messrs.  Burke 
and  Francis  will  go  on  without  a  probable  chance  of  proving  the  charges. 
The  former  is  mad ;  the  latter  malicious  and  revengeful.    Gladness  and 
^  malice  are  beyond  the  operations  of  reason.    The  community  attend  the 
Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX.  2  Y 


346  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouth,  [Oct. 

court  as  tbey  would  an  opera^  and  with  an  equal  degree  of  feeling,**  &c. 
Tlie  object  for  which  Lord  Cornwallis  and  Mr.  Shore  embarked  for  India 
was  reformation,  retrenchment  of  expenditure,  and  improvement.  It  was 
a  task  of  difficulty,  for  there  were  inveterate  prejudices  and  long-confirmed 
habits  to  encounter,  and  personal  interests  to  overcome  -,  but  great  im<* 
provements  were  made,  and  great  exertions  of  body  and  mind  were  required 
of  them.  ''  A  governor,"  Mr.  Shore  observed,  *'  with  less  firmness,  less 
moderation,  less  integrity  than  Lord  Cornwallis,  and  wanting  his  concilia- 
tory address,  would  never  have  accomplished  half  what  he  has  done.*' 
In  ]  789  Mr.  Shore  completed  his  arduous  task,  the  preparation  of  the 
permanent  settlement  of  the  revenues  of  Bengal,  Behar,  and  Orissa,  a 
measure  affecting  the  property  and  involving  the  privileges  and  rights  of 
a  population  then  amounting  to  nearly  40  millions.  Having  completed 
this  work,  into  the  difficulties  and  details  of  which  we  cannot  enter,  Mr. 
Shore  embarked  for  England  in  Dec.  1789.  Soon  after  his  arrival,  be 
was  examined  as  a  witness  on  Hastings's  trial.  He  denied  having  assisted 
Mr.  Hastings  in  his  defence,  except  by  supplying  him  with  some  revenue 
minutes  -,  and  being  asked  whether  he  would  continue  the  friend  of  Mr* 
Hastings,  if  he  believed  him  to  be  corrupt  and  mercenary,  he  replied  em- 
phatically but  temperately,  "  I  hope  I  should  not."*  Mr.  Shore  fixed  his 
residence  at  Egham,  in  Surrey,  during  a  year.  The  income  on  which  he 
settled  was  900/.  per  annum.  His  services  in  the  supreme  council  had 
only  added  100/.  per  annum  to  it ;  inattention  to  economy,  and  generosity 
for  the  distressed,  account  for  the  little  advantage  he  had  derived  from 
a  salary  amounting  to  10,000/.  per  annum.  After  some  change  of 
residence,  Mr.  Shore  had  proceeded  into  Devonshire  to  engage  the  lease 
of  a  house  for  seven  years,  when  a  messenger  arrived  from  London  con- 
veying to  him  the  offer  of  the  Governor  Generalship  of  India,  on  the 
expected  resignation  of  Lord  Cornwallis.  Mr.  Shore  at  once  declined  it,  and 
repaired  to  London  to  state  the  reason  of  his  refusal ;  he  passed  on  the 
road  Mr.  Charles  Grant,  who,  foreseeing,  had  hastened  to  prevent  it.  He 
accomplished  the  object  of  his  journey,  and  observed  to  Mrs.  Shore,  "  that 
she  was  the  Cleopatra  for  which  he  was  content  to  lose  the  world."  Bat 
subsequent  considerations  induced  him  to  forego  his  reluctance  to  a  step 
that  past  experience  might  lead  him  to  shrink  from.  Soon  after  his  ap- 
pointment he  was  created  a  baronet :  it  is  a  circumstance  mentioned  as 
honourable  to  Mr.  Pitt  and  Mr.  Dundas,  that  if  he  had  not  accepted  the 
Governor  Generalship,  it  was  their  determination  to  have  remunerated 
him  for  his  past  services.  Mr.  Wilberforce,  in  a  letter  at  the  time,  says  : 
•'  Shore,  the  newly-appointed  Governor  General,  is  a  most  able  and  honour- 
able  man.  After  having  been  twenty  years  in  India,  and  for  three  or  four 
of  them  in  the  supreme  council,  he  retired  with  a  fortune  of  25,000/.  and 
was  with  difficulty  compelled  to  accept  the  splendid  and  lucrative  post  of 
Governor  General,  which  Government,  creditably  to  themselves,  absolutely 
forced  upon  him.  He  was  living  in  retirement,  not  even  keeping  a 
carriage,  in  Somersetshire,  with  a  sweet  wife  and  two  children.  I  dined 
with  him  since  at  Pitt's  in  company  with  Dundas,  and  he  was  then  the 
same  simple  dignified  man  he  had  been  in  his  country  privacy.*' 

*  Lord  Thurlow,  animadyerting,  at  his  own  table,  on  Burke's  exasperation  at  this 
time,  observed  to  Lord  Teignmouth,  that  his  impeachment  of  Mr.  Hastings  had  be^i 
the  slaver  of  a  mad  dog.  Burke  entrusted  to  Sir  William  Jones  his  intention  of  trying 
to  recal  the  Governor- General  from  India,  in  the  event  of  his  adopting  any  measureft 
in  Mr.  Hastings's  behalf. — Rev. 


18430  tife  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  TeignmoM,  34/ 

Sir  J.  Shore  reached  Calcutta  in  March  1793,  when  Sir  W.  Jones  was 
among  the  first  to  congratulate  him  on  his  honourable  appointment  5  but 
as  Lord  Cornwallis  retained  the  government  till  October,  his  destined 
successor  during  seven  months  resided  without  official  employment  or 
responsibility  at  Calcutta,  and  his  salary,  instead  of  25,000/.,  was  only 
10,000/. ;  and  it  was  even  intimated  to  him,  that  in  the  event  of  a  war  with 
France,  Lord  Cornwallis  might  be  prevailed  on  to  remain  in  India,  where 
his  military  services  would  be  required.  In  September  of  this  year  he 
received  the  intelligence  of  the  death  of  two  of  his  children,  and  a  very 
singular  coincidence  of  a  dream  of  his  in  India,  within  the  very  time  in 
which  the  melancholy  event  took  place,  is  given  from  his  correspondence  -, 
but  we  must  here,  for  want  of  space,  omit  any  detailed  account  of  Sir  John 
Shore's  government,  and  give  the  remainder  of  his  history  in  the  most 
abridged  manner.  After  Lord  Cornwallis  returned  to  England,  what 
occupied  the  Government's  attention  was  principally  the  state  of  the  army, 
which  was  very  unsettled — then  came  the  second  Rohilla  war — and  con- 
troversies with  the  Indian  Government,  respecting  the  Carnatic  and 
Tanjore.  The  defensive  measures  against  Tippoo — the  capture  of  the 
Dutch  Fleet,  and  the  reform  in  the  Government  of  Oude,  with  the  de- 
position of  the  Nabob,  were  the  principal  events  of  his  administration. 
Sir  J.  Shore  was  elevated  to  the  Irish  peerage  by  the  title  of  Lord  Teign- 
mouth,  and  relinquished  the  government  to  his  successor  Lord  Hobart.  It 
was  just  previous  to  this  that  the  expedition  against  the  Spanish  Islands, 
called  the  Manilla  expedition,  was  made,  and  was  placed  under  the  com- 
mand of  the  future  hero  of  his  age,  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  then  Hon. 
Col.  Wesley  *  of  the  33rd  Regiment.  He  brought,  on  his  arrival  to  India, 
the  following  letter  to  Sir  John  Shore  :  *'  Dear  Sir,  I  beg  leave  to  intro- 
duce to  you  Col.  Wesley,  w^ho  is  Lieut. -Col.  of  my  regiment ;  he  is  a 
sensible  man  and  good  officer,  and  will,  I  have  no  doubt,  conduct  himself 
in  a  manner  to  merit  your  approbation.  I  am,  &c.  Cornwallis.'*  On  his 
first  interview.  Sir  John  Shore  evinced  his  discernment  of  the  young 
soldier's  character.  He  turned  round  quickly  to  his  aides-de-camp  and  re- 
marked, **  If  Col.  Wesley  should  ever  have  the  opportunity  of  distinguish- 
ing himself,  he  will  do  it,  and  greatly."  Col.  Wesley  was  a  frequent 
guest  at  Sir  John  Shore's  table.  The  characteristic  of  his  great  mind 
which  the  Governor- General  remarked,  and  often  subsequently  adverted  to, 
was  an  union  of  strong  sense  and  boyish  playfulness,  which  he  had  never  seen 
exemplified  in  any  other  individual.  On  his  arrival  in  England,  Lord 
Teignmouth  received  the  thanks  of  the  Court  of  Directors,  for  his  long, 
able,  and  faithful  services  in  India.  He  at  first  fixed  his  residence  in 
Devonshire,  and  commenced  his  memoir  of  his  friend  Sir  W.  Jones, 
Subsequently  he  bought  a  house  at  Clapham  ;  his  chief  inducement  to  the 
selection  of  this  village  being  the  prospect  of  enjoying  the  society  of  his 
friends.  Grant,  Wilberforce,  H.  Thornton,  and  others,  eminent,  as  the 
biographer  asserts,  for  their  piety  and  talents.  In  this  friendly  intercourse, 
in  a  liberal  hospitality,  in  the  education  of  his  children,  and  in  the  care  of 
a  populous  district.  Lord  Teignmouth  found  ample  occupation,  but  he  was  so 
inexperienced  in  rural  life,  and  the  cultivation  of  land,  that  he  often  said 
his  little  demesne  of  20  acres  cost  him  more  trouble  than  his  whole  Indian 
empire.  We  have  now  accoippanied  this  very  able  and  excellent  man 
to  his  honourable  retirement^  and  we  only  can  add  that  his  remaining  years 

*  We  do  not  know  at  what  time  subsequent  to  this  the  change  of  name  from  WtMley 
to  Wellesley  took  place  in  this  illustrious  family.— Rbv. 


348 


l^t  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Ttignmouth.  [Oct. 


glided  usefully  and  peacefully  ^way.  He  was  ever  foremost  in  any 
plan  for  the  spiritual  improvement  of  his  fellow-creatures.  He  was  ap- ; 
pointed  President  of  the  Bible  Society,  nominated  by  Government  a  Com- . 
missioner  of  the  Affairs  of  India,  and  a  Privy  Councillor  3  but  the  Bible 
Society,  and  many  controversies  respecting  the  distribution  of  the 
Scriptures^  and  divisions  of  the  Auxiliaries,  and  separations  from  the 
parent  institution,  were  the  chief  objects  of  his  anxious  attention.  In  May 
1829,  he  presided  for  the  last  time  at  a  general  meeting  of  the  institution. 
In  1832  his  constitution  was  much  shaken  by  a  very  severe  illness ;  but 
the  air  of  his  favourite  Hampstead  recruited  his  strength.  It  was  when 
slowly  recovering  from  this  illness  that  he  heard  of  the  death  of  Mr. 
Wilberforce  -,  he  seemed  much  affected  by  it,  and  in  sending  to  the  family 
his  apology  for  not  attending  the  funeral,  said,  ^*  that  he  himself  had  often 
been  at  the  point  of  death.'*  He  breathed  his  last  on  the  14th  of  Febmary, 
the  anniversary  of  his  marriage.  At  seven  in  the  morning  he  took  what 
might  be  termed  a  hearty  breakfast  3  he  was  afterwards  placed  in  bed,  and 
in  that  position  *'  he  fell  asleep/'  says  the  Rev.  Mr.  Anderson,  who  attended 
him,  **  at  half  past  nine."  In  five  weeks  after.  Lady  Teign mouth  joined  her 
beloved  husband  in  the  mansion  of  the  dead  ;  and  in  less  than  a  year,  the 
youngest  daughter,  Mrs.  J.  Fletcher,  slept  by  the  side  of  her  parents.  Their 
monuments  may  be  seen  on  the  walls  of  Marylebone  Church  ;  and  an 
eloquent  memorial  was  read  at  a  meeting  of  the  Bible  Society  of  his 
character  and  virtues,  written  by  Lord  Bexley,  his  successor  in  the  chair. 
*  *  *  *  \ye  j^Qj^  gijall  give  a  few  miscellaneous  extracts  from  the, 
volumes,  which  may  present  to  the  readers  of  the  Life  his  lordship's 
opinions  of  some  of  his  contemporaries,  or  which  give  a  more  familiar 
account  of  his  studies,  and  the  habits  of  his  life ;  and  we  close  our  extracts 
with  a  hitherto  unpublished  letter  by  Bnrke,  and  a  very  interesting  account 
of  Lord  Teignmouth's  interview  with  Sir  William  Jones  during  the  later 
hours  of  his  life. 

eyes,  and  not  the  understan£ng.     Some- 
thing must  be  allowed  for  amusement: 
and  novels  may  occaisionally  be  resorted 
to,  as  a  relaxation  from  the  exercise  of 
our  reasoning  powers.     Danger,  however ,> 
attends  them  ;  for  they  so  seldom  describe 
men  or  women  as  they  are — they  intro- 
duce us  to  scenes  of  depravity,  of  which  it 
is  better  for  us  ever  to  remain  ignorant — 
describe  the  fashionable  modes    of  life, 
where  gallantry,  indolence,  and  dissipa- 
tion prevail,  in  colours  so  pleasing,  and 
inflame  our  passions  by  animated  descrip- 
tions   of  vicious   enjoyments — that    the 
moral  at  the  tail  of  them,  which  shows 
innocence  protected  and  vice  punished, 
makes  a  faint  impression  on  the  under- 
standing, whilst  the  heart  retains  descrip- 
tions it  ought  to  guard  against.    Smollett's 
novels,  Peregrine  Pickle,   Roderick  Ran- 
dom, Ferdinand  Count  Fathom,  are  on 
this  account  exceptionable.     His  Hum- 
phrey Clinker    and    Launcelot   Greaves 
are  less  so ;  and  the  former  may  amuse, 


**  1  have  lately  perused  Dr.  Jortin*8  Ser- 
mons, and  admired  them  for  their  precision, 
solidity,  impartiality,  and  piety.  He  has 
excelled  most  divines  I  have  met  with  in 
establishing  faith  on  the  solid  foundation 
of  reason,  and  has  widened  the  basis  of 
Christian  belief:  yet  he  does  not  write 
merely  to  the  understanding,  but  interests 
the  affections  of  the  heart.  *  The  mora' 
lity  of  the  Gospel  is  written  with  a  sun- 
heanif  is  an  expression  of  his,  as  sublime 
and  affecting  as  it  is  true.  I  hope  neither 
passion  nor  habit  will  make  me  forget  the 
lessons  which  he  has  given.*  The  little 
time  which  I  can  dedicate  to  reading  is  em- 
ployed in  serious  authors.  Novels  I 
seldom  read,  except  when  I  am  so  much 
out  of  order  as  not  to  be  able  to  attend 
to  better  authors.  Nothing  indeed  is 
more  pernicious  to  the  intellect  than  the 
habit  of  reading  novels,  or  what  is  called 
*  Ught  reading,'  which,  in  other  words,  is 
to  read  without  thinking, — to  employ  the 


*  To  the  praise  which  Lord  Teignmouth  has  justly  given  to  Jortin's  Sermons,  may' 
be  added  the  ease,  the  purity,  and  simple  elegance  of  the  style.    Jortin  was  an  ex- 
cellent scholar.     He  translated  Eustathius  for  Pope  for  notes  to  his  Homer,  and,  as  he 
said,  Pope  never  inquired  after  the  humble  annotator. — Rsv. 


i84a.i 


Life  and  Correspondence 'of  Lord  Teignrnqutl^, 


349 


without  doing  harm.  The  mind  so  far 
resembles  the  body,  that  it  requires  ex- 
ercise to  strengthen  it.  We  know  with 
moral  certainty  the  effect  of  habit  upon 
us;  and  hence  we  may  conclude  that 
serious  occupations  will  soon  induce  se- 
rious habits ;  and  that,  after  reading  good 
authors,  we  shall  find  little  pleasure  in 
perusing  those  of  the  character  which  I 

have  mentioned/'  &c. 

*  «  «  « 

''  Yesterday's  news  announced  the 
death  of  Mr.  Canning,  and,  humanly 
speaking,  I  should  say  his  death  was  a 
loss  to  the  country ;  but  we  see  so  little  of 
the  ways  of  Providence,  that  what  we  es- 
teem an  evil  often  proves  a  blessing.  I 
hope  that  his  successor,  whoever  he  may 
be,  will  be  a  religious  character,  a  man 
who  fears  God,  and  who  relies  on  Provi- 
dence, for  we  cannot  otherwise  hope  for 
his  blessing  on  our  best  exertions.  The 
following  extract  from  Baxter,  which  I 
copy  from  the  Morning  Herald,  is  strik- 
ingly appropriate  to  poor  Canning.  *  It 
has  long  been  my  observation  of  man- 
kind, that  many,  when  they  have  attempt- 
ed great  works  and  have  just  finished 
them, — or  have  aimed  at  great  things  in  the 
world,  and  have  just  obtained  them, — or 
have  lived  in  much  trouble  and  unsettle- 
ment,  and  have  just  overcome  them,  and 
begun  with  some  content  to  look  on  their 
condition,  and  to  rest  in  it, — they  are 
usually  near  to  death  or  ruin.  You  know 
the  story  of  the  rich  man  in  the  Gos* 
pel :  when  a  man  is  once  at  this  language, 
**  Soul  take  thine  ease  ;*'  the  next  usually 
is,  **  Thou  fool!  this  night  thy  soul  shall 
be  required  of  thee;"  and  then  whose 
shall  these  things  be  ?  Oh !  what  house  is 
there  where  this  fool  dwelleth  not  ?*  *' 

•  ♦  *  jji: 

*^  Few  persons  occupied  as  I  am  bestow 
more  time  I  believe  in  serious  reading. 
Jortin  is  still  my  favourite,  and  amongst 
other  books  I  have  lately  perused  his  Re- 
marks on  Ecclesiastical  History.  But 
few  literary  compositions  have  afforded  me 
more  pleasure  than  Paley's  Evidences, 
which  approach  to  demonstration  as  nearly 
as  moral  testimony  can  do.  My  opinion 
was  before  fixed,  and  I  trust  unalterably  ; 
but  the  train  of  reasoning  which  led  to 
conviction  in  me,  is,  as  far  as  his  book 
goes,  the  same  which  Paley  has  followed, 
but  with  a  clearness,  precision,  and  soli- 


dity, which  I  could  not  attaio.    I  vrill  ^ 
venture  to  assert    that  few    books  were 
ever  published  so  well  calculated  to  over- 
turn  the   sophistry    and  quibbles   of   a 
Hume  or  Gibbon,  and  to    satisfy  those 
who  search  for  truth  impartially.    If  ever 
I  have  the  pleasure  to  meet  the  Arch-, 
deacon,  I  shall  give  him  the  satisfaction  of 
informing  him  that  his  work,  to  my  know- 
ledge, has  had  a  most  beneficial  influence . 
on   some  minds,  I  have  also  read  vdth 
great  delight  Watson's    reply    to    Tom 
Paine 's  rascally  effusions. 

'  Delirant  (philosophi) ,  plectuntur  Achivi."  ', 

*  *  «  « 

**  1  hope  Apuleius's  Golden  Ass  will 
prove  a  pleasant  hobby  to  you.    I  have.^ 
mounted  him  often  ;  and  he  carries  me 
most  delightfully.     The   loves  of  Cupid 
and  Psyche  in  the  fourth,  fifth,  and  sixth 
books,  have  so  charmed  me,  that  I  have-, 
undertaken  a  translation   of  them,  and 
have  finished  about  half.     I    find   very 
unusual  phraseology,   and    some  worcU 
which  no  dictionary  will  explain ;  but  thel 
sense  is    sufficiently   obvious,  from  the^ 
context.     Your  edition  does  not  contain; 
an   Epigrammaton ;  which  I  will,   some . 
time  or  other,  send  you — ^as  I  have  not! 
room  for  it  in  this  letter — with  the  fol-^ 
lowing  curious  Epitaph    iu]  Paddington 
Churchyard.  i 

Epitaph  on  a  Mistress, 
On  the  Upper  Side. 

DIIS  MANIBUS 
ILLIUS 
ILLIUS 

On  the  Reverse. 

DIIS  MANIBUS 

R.  E. 

PER  UNDECIM  HEU  BRETES  ANNOS 
SINE  VINCULO  DEVINCTISSIMiB 
SINE  SACRA B(3NTO  SANCTISSIM^ 
•UNIVARiB,  UNIPAR^,  UNANIM-K. 
COMPARES, 
HUNG  LAPIDEM 
PERENNE  PERBNNIS  DESIDERII      ^ 

MONUMENTUM  ' 

PONIT  SACRATQUE 
NON  TOTUS  SUPERSTES 

R.T. 

MDCCXXXX.  ' 

*  *  *  ♦ 

**^  Lord  Teignmouth's  homeward  voyage 
was  boisterous,  and  afforded  him  much  of^ 
that  sublime  delight  of  which  his  poetical r 


*  "  Univarse  '*  seems  a  mistake  of  the  sculptor,  who  intended  it  for  Uniparse,  but,  to, 
save  the  stone,  let  the  word  remain :  one  does  not  know  which  is  worse,  the  taste  o^ 
the  epitaph,  or  the  language  in  wluch  it  is  expressed.     We  saw  a  few  days  since  the 
gravestone  over  Mrs.  Chapone,  at  Hadley,  near  Bamet,  where  two  mistakes  in  l^er 
name  were  made  hy  the  sculptor,  who  originally  engraved  chopoxh,  and  altered  it^ 
subsequently  by  carving  the  letters  a  and  n  over  o  and  x.— Rjtv. 


-  J 


350 


Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teifnmouth. 


[Oct. 


temperament  was  pecuUarly  susceptible. 
There  was  no  species  of  enjoyment,  to  the 
remembrance  of  which  he  recurred  with 
more  zest,  than  that  of  reading  Osaian 

during  a  storm  at  sea 

**  One  of  his  first  employments  was  to 
engage  a  house  temporarily  in  Stratford 
Place ; — in  compliance  with  the  advice  he 
gave  to  his  Indian  friends,  not  to  fix  their 
abode  till  after  a  year's  residence  in  Eng- 
land, and  then  to  select  it  in  conformity 
to  the  Arabic  maxim—'  Seek  a  neighbour, 
before  you  seek  a  house.'. .Among  those 
whose  acquaintance  be  now  for  the  first 
time  formed,  was  that  of  the  Rev.  John 
Newton,  the  friend  of  Cowper,  whose  so- 
ciety he  cultivated,  and  who  was  not  an 

unfrequent  guest  at  his  house. 

#  ♦  ♦  4e 

"  I  was  going  to  write  to  you  yester- 
day, to  teU  you  to  hang  yourself,  for 
having  left  town  without  seeing  the 
most  curious  and  interesting  sight  in 
London, — the  collection  of  ancient  sta- 
tues belonging  to  Mr.  Townley :  and 
you  may  trust  me,  that  no  modern 
statue  can  in  any  degree  give  an  idea  of 
the  beauty  and  perfection  of  the  ancient 
models.  I  had  not  an  idea  of  the  differ- 
ence,'*' uiftil  my  eyesight  convinced  me  of  it. 
«  *  «  3|e 

''  I  have  been  at  the  Exhibition,  of_ 
which  I  thought  poorly ;  but  I  was  de- 
lighted with  its  neighbour — the  Panorama 
of  Rome.  The  Bishop  of  Exeter  happened 
to  be  there  at  the  same  time  ;  and  proved 
a  most  admirable  Cicerone,  having  passed 
some  months  at  Rome,  and  being  well  ac- 
quainted with  every  part  of  it.  He  men- 
tioned having  seen  the  pictures  of  a  Sir 
J.  Worsley,t  and  as  infinitely  superior  to 
Mr.  Angerstein's ;   I  shall  endeavour  to 

see  them.'' 

«  ♦  «  « 

To  Dr.  Adam  Clarke,  he  writes, 

*^  My  conscience  has  often  accused  me  trouble  you  with  a  few  remarks  which 

of  neglecting  to  make  my  acknowledg-  have  occurred  to  me  ;  and  excuse  me  for 

ments  for  your  very  valuable  present  of  sa3^g,  that  I  do  not  agree  with  your  ex- 

your  edition  of  the  Bible ;  and  I  can  truly  position    respecting   the    animal  §  which 

say  that  I  have  intended  it  almost  daily,  tempted  Eve." 
♦    *     *     Some    time   or    other   I   may  »  *  •  «         . 

*  With  some  few  exceptions,  Mr.  Townley*s  statues  are  by  no  means  of  first-rate 
excellence.  Yet  the  marbles  in  the  gallery  of  Mr.  Blundell  of  Ince  are  much  inferior  : 
but  the  Hercules  in  the  Lansdowne,  and  the  Fawn  in  the  Holkham  galleries,  are  very 
fine  indeed,  and  scarcely  to  be  surpassed. — Rev. 

f  If  the  Bishop  of  Exeter  alluded  to  the  pictures  now  at  Appeldurcombe,  as  being 
superior  to  the  collection  of  Mr.  Angerstein,  he  was  much  mistaken.  Even  the 
**  Museum  Worsleyanum,**  will  show  the  difference. — Rev. 

X  Umbritius  is  the  Rev.  Sydney  Smith. — Rev. 

§  Dr.  Adam  Clarke  had  argued  that  the  tempter  of  Eve  was  not  a  serpent,  but  a 
inonkey  !  other  interpreters  have  translated  the  Hebrew  term,  by  Crocodile,  See  the 
Correspondence  on  this  subject  in  the  Classical  Journal. — Rev. 


**  In  his  ^sittings  as  a  Privy  Councillor 
at  the  Cockpit,  which  he  continued 
during  several  years.  Lord  Teignmouth 
was  associated  with  Sir  W.  Grant  and  Sir 
J.  NicholL  He  cultivated  the  acquaint* 
ance  of  the  former  eminent  individual,  of 
whose  public  character  he  had  conceived 
a  high  opinion  on  perusing  in  India  his  ce- 
lebrated speech  on  the  Mutiny  at  the 
Nore,  and  the  display  of  whose  judicial 
abilities  he  had  now  frequent  opportuni- 
ties of  witnessing ;  and  in  his  intercourse 
with  him  he  did  not  meet  with  the  cha- 
racteristic reserve  and  taciturnity  of  the 
learned  Judge.  There  was  no  subject  on 
which  he  found  Sir  W.  Grant  more  dis- 
posed to  open  than  that  of  poetry ;  and  on 
one  occasion,  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Charles 
Grant,  when  Sir  W.  Grant  and  Lord 
Teignmouth,  sitting  next  to  each  other  at 
table,  had  monopolised  a  somewhat  large 
share  of  each  other's  society,  their  host 
had  the  curiosity  to  question  the  latter  as 
to  the  subject  of  their  conversation  ;  ob- 
serving, that  he  had  never  seen  Sir  Wil- 
liam so  communicative,  and  was  much 
surprised  on  hearing  that  it  turned  exclu- 
sively on  poetry. 

3|e  9fe  «  • 

• 
**  I  think  the  Second  Number  of  the 

Quarterly  Review  much  improved;  and 
agree  in  your  opinion  as  to  the  particular 
articles.  Umbritius, t  I  am  told,  smarts 
under  the  lash.  The  correction  he  has 
received  may,  in  his  Yorkshire  retire- 
ment, prove  salutary.  I  cannot  help  ap- 
plying to  him,  Nee  lexjustior  ulla  Quam, 
SfC,  I  have  not  read  Cumberland's  re- 
view of  Cecil's  Life  of  Newton ;  but  I 
read  the  review  of  Coelebs  in  it,  and  never 
remember  to  have  perused  a  more  malig- 
nant critique.  It  determined  me  to  re- 
nounce Mr.  Cumberland  and  his  coad- 
jutors.'* 


18430 


Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmduih. 


351 


"  Not  long  ago  I  read  Bishop  Horsley 
vertus  Priestley,  for  the  first  time  in  my 
life  ;  and  found  the  work  what  I  expected 
it  to  be — the  masterly  production  of  a  vi- 
gorous mind,  deeply  imbued  with  learn- 
ing, and  strengthened  by  logic  and  ma- 
thematics. The  Bishop  is  a  giant  to  a 
dwarf,  with  respect  to  his  antagonist.  The 


impudende  of  Socinians — excuse  a  harsh 
term — is  most  astonishing,  and  only  to  be 
equalled  by  their  want  of  candour  and 
honesty.  Your  Lordship,*  in  exposing 
these  men  of  liberality,  will  do  essential 
good.  If  Bishop  Horsley  were  now  alive^ 
Mr.  Belsham  would  have  been  silent.'' 


On  the  death  of  that  very  amiable  and  accomplished  person  Mr.  «f« 
Bowdler^  Lord  Teignmouth  writes  to  his  son  : 


*^  My  mind  is  in  a  state  of  agitation, 
which  I  know  not  how  to  relieve,  than 
by  communicating  my  feelings  to  you. 
On  the  24th  of  last  month  I  attended  the 
remains  of  Mr.  Henry  Thornton  to  their 
last  earthly  habitation.  He  died  on  the 
16th;  and  this  afternoon  I  have  learnt 
that  Mr.  John  Bowdler,  who  had  watched 
over  the  dying  hours  of  his  friend,  was 
yesterday  at  one  o'clock  taken  from  us. 
His  death  was  occasioned  by  the  rupture 
of  a  blood-vessel  in  the  lungs ;  and  it 
happened  in  Lord  Calthorpe's  house,  to 
which  he  was  removed  on  the  25  th  of 
January.  If  it  had  pleased  God  to  pro- 
long his  life,  he  was  to  have  been  married 
to  Miss  Gisbome  in  the  spring.  Mrs. 
Henry  Thornton  looked  up  to  him  as  her 
adviser  and  monitor ;  and  the  affliction 
of  her  husband's  death  was  embittered 
by  the  illness  of  the  friend  from  whom  she 
expected  consolation  and  assistance. 
Poor  Miss  Gisbome  1  what  a  calamity  to 
her  !  I  feel  as  if  I  had  lost  a  dear  friend ; 
for  I  loved  Bowdler  for  his  virtues.  Mr. 
Charles  Grant,  in  the  apprehension  of  his 
dissolution  two  years  ago,  said  that  his 
death  would  leave  a  void  in  society  not 
easily  to  be  filled.  It  was  true  ;  and  the 
same  may  be  said,  with  strict  justice,  of 
Mr.  Henry  Thornton. 


"  The  character  of  Voltaire  by  a  French 
Professor,  as  far  as  it  goes,  is,  in  my  opi- 
nion, accurate,  and  is  worth  preserving. 
He  had  no  religion,  was  a  determined 
enemy  of  Christ ;  and  he  has  written  vo- 


lumes of  blasphemy  against  Christianity « 
Some  of  his  works  are  highly  indecent  i 
indeed,  not  fit  to  be  read  by  any  body  ; 
and  I  must  beg,  if  he  should  ever  fall 
into  your  hands,  you  will  never  extend 
the  perusal  of  his  works  beyond  his  His-* 
tories  of  Charles  the  Twelfth,  Peter  the 
Great,  The  age  of  Louis  the  Fourteenth^ 
and  his  dramatic  performances.  He  is 
the  most  dangerous  of  all  writers .f  Rea- 
soning may  be  answered  ;  but  sneers,  sar- 
casms, ridicule,  mixed  up  with  the  charms 
of  style  and  fascinations  of  wit,  infuse  a 
deadly  poison,  to  which  there  is  no  anti- 
dote. Never  indulge  your  curiosity  :  I 
will  not  say  taste — for  I  trust  yours  is 
more  correct.  In  reading  his  works,  or 
any  other  of  a  similar  nature,  >  discard 

them  all  with  merited  contempt." 
•  4c  *  « 

**  Knox  I  suspect  to  be  half  a  Catholic 
in  his  heart,  with  a  tendency  to  mysti- 
cism. The  former  conclusion  I  drew 
from  a  long  Letter  written  by  him,  which 

Mr.  W X  shewed  me  some  years 

ago ;  and  it  has  acquired  some  confirma- 
tion by  what  I  have  since  heard  of  him* 
His  powers  of  memory  and  imagination^ 
as  well  as  his  eloquence,  are  very  great ; 
and  no  one  doubts  the  uprightness  of  his 
intentions,  or  the  purity  of  his  morals 
and  conduct :  twice  only  have  I  seen  him, 
and  was  delighted  with  him.  With  re- 
spect to  him,  and  Mr.  Grattan,  I  should 
prefer  reading  to  hearing  their  arguments 
respecting  what  is  called  Catholic  Eman** 
cipation ;  as  I  would  prefer  being  con- 
vinced, to  being  fascinated." 


*  Bishop  Burgess. 

t  This  accusation  is  unfortunately  but  too  true.  Voltaire's  hatred  of  Christianity 
seemed  to  grow  out  of  his  hatred  to  the  Church.  His  famous  term,  ''  Ecrasez 
I'infame,"  was  applied,  not  as  often  supposed,  to  Christ,  but  to  the  Jesuits  and  tho 
Priesthood,  and  the  establishment  of  the  Papsd  power,  and  the  dominion  of  the  Na- 
tional Church ;  to  its  wealth,  and  its  possessions,  and  its  tyranny,  temporal  and 
spiritual.  In  early  life  Voltaire  successfully  and  rapidly  made  a  large  fortune,  of  about 
5,000/.  a  year,  which,  in  later  life,  he  disbursed  generously.  His  assistance  of  the  op- 
pressed, and  his  benevolence  to  his  dependants,  were  the  redeeming  virtues  in  the  cha- 
racter of  this  singular  man. — Rev. 

t  On  the  religious  opinions  of  Mr.  Alexander  Knox,  see  his  very  interesting  and 
important  correspondence  with  his  intimate  and  beloved  Mend,  Bishop  Jebb,  2  vols. 
8vo.  a  work  that  will  repay  the  pemsal  with  delight  and  instruction. — See  Sketch  of 
Mr.  Knox's  Character,  in  Bp.  Jebb's  Edition  of  Burnet's  LiTe8.-*RBV« 


352 


Lifi  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouih. 


[Oct. 


'   When  Lord  Teignmouth  had  printed  his  Memoir  of  Sir  William  Jouesj 
he  sent  a  copy  to  Dr.  Parr, 


*'  Not  only  as  a  tribute  of  respect  due 
to  so  distinguished  a  friend  of  Sir  William 
it)neS|  but  also  with  a  view  to  remove 
from  his  mind  any  disatisfaction  'which 
might  possibly  have  arisen  from  dis- 
i^pointment  on  not  having  been  himself 
intrusted  with  the  task  assigned  to  his 
quondam  pupil ;  as  Lord  Teignmouth 
understood  that  Dr.  Parr  had  entertained 
the  wish  of  being  himself  Sir  William 
Joneses  biographer.  He  might,  perhaps, 
also  have  wished  to  deprecate  criticisms 
which  the  great  scholar  sometimes  dealt 
out  capriciously  and  paradoxically.  Of 
this  peculiarity  in  Dr.  Parr*8  temperament 
Lord  Teignmouth  would  mention  an  in- 
stance. He  was  dining  with  his  old 
schoolfellow  Halhed  after  his  return  from 
India :  no  other  guest  being  present  but 
Dr.  Parr.  Unused  to  the  pragmatical 
style  of  the  learned  doctor's  conversation,* 
he  attributed  it  on  this  occasion  to  the 
recollection  of  the  authority  he  had  once 
exercised  over  the  minds  of  his  two  juniors, 
and  which  he  seemed  by  no  means  dis- 
posed to  relinquish  ;  and  his  impression 
was  confirmed  by  the  peremptory  check 
which  he  received  whilst  giving  vent,  in 
the  presence  of  his  Harrovian  friends,  to 
his  enthusiastic  admiration  of  Sir  William 
Jones;  Dr.  Parr  petulantly  observing,  that 
'  when  Jones  dabbled  in  metaphysics  he 
forgot  his  logic,  and  when  he  meddled 
with  oriental  literature  he  lost  his  taste.' 
Lord  Teignmouth  would,  however,  couple 
with  this  anecdote  an  allusion  to  Dr. 
Parr's  memorable  eulogium  [eulogy]  on 
Bir  William  Jones,  in  his  notes  to  his 
Spital  Sermon,  as  conveying  his  real 
sentiments  respecting  their  common  f 
friend. 

**  Rev.  Dr.  Parr  to  Lord  Teignmouth. 
"  My  Lord,  July  26,  1804. 

**  I  have  been  rambling  in  Northamp- 
tonshire and  Cambridgeshire,  and  I  lately 
came  to  town  to  sit  for  my  picture  for 
Sir  Francis  Burdett.  I  have  just  received 
intelligence  from  Mrs.  Parr  that  your 


lordship  has  most  obligingly  sent  me  a 
copy  of  the  Life  of  Sir  William  Jones, 
and  I  am  eager  to  acknowledge  the  honour 
you  have  confered  upon  me.  I  shall  read  it 
with  great  attention  and  much  interest 
the  moment  I  return  to  Wotton,  (/.  Hat- 
ton,)  and  I  shall  then  take  the  liberty  of 
writing  to  your  lordship  frdly.:{:  I  return 
to  Cambridge  in  a  day  or  two,  and,  per- 
haps,  I  may  be  lucky  enough  to  find  the 
book  there,  in  the  hands  of  some  literary 
friend.  Dr.  Raine,  of  the  Charter  House, 
sent  his  copy  to  my  lodgings  a  day  or  two 
ago,  and  I  have  read  more  than  half  of  its 
contents ;  but  my  attention  is  every 
moment  interrupted  by  business,  and  that 
I  can  only  tell  you  for  the  present,  that  I 
am  exceedingly  delighted  with  the  style, 
the  merit,  and  the  judgment  of  the 
biographer.  I  beg  of  you  to  present  my 
best  compliments  to  Lady  Jones  when 
you  see  her,  and  I  have  the  honour  to  be, 
my  lord,  with  great  and  just  respect, 
"  Your  lordship's  faithful  well-wisher, 
'*  And  obedient  humble  servant, 
"  J.  (/.  S.)  Parr." 

"Among  the  young  students  whose 
ardour  in  oriental  pursuits  he  had  be- 
friended or  encouraged,  and  amongst  whom 
he  had  distributed  nearly  the  whole  of  a 
considerable  collection  of  oriental  books 
he  had  brought  from  India,  was  one  in  the 
removal  of  whole  difficulties,  whilst  laying 
the  foundation  of  his  extensive  acquire- 
ments, Lord  Teignmouth  had  felt  a  deep 
interest, — Mr.  Samuel  Lee,  now  Regius 
Professor  of  Arabic  in  the  University  of 
Cambridge.  Having  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  education  at  a  small  school  at 
his  birth  place  in  Shropshire,  at  the  age 
of  twelve  years  young  Lee  had  been 
apprenticed  to  a  carpenter.  He  devoted 
his  leisure  hours  to  reading,  and  that  he 
might  understand  the  Latin  quotations  he 
occasionally  metwith,  he  applied  himself  to 
the  study  of  that  language,  and,  impelled 
by  the  ardent  desire  of  extending  his  know- 


*  Dr.  Parr  was  used  to  converse  when  with  his  intimates,  or  those  with  whom  he 
was  at  ease,  in  the  manner  and  even  language  of  a  schoolmaster  to  his  scholars,  and 
this  in  the  best  bred  society. — Rev. 

t  Dr.  Parr,  in  those  times  when  truth  prevailed  over  paradox  or  passion,  always 
^poke,  and  justly,  in  the  highest  terms  of  his  old  companion  Sir  W.  Jones.  The 
writer  of  this  note,  once  travelling  to  Oxford  with  the  learned  doctor,  (the  most 
■amusing  journey  he  ever  had,)  as  they  passed  the  neigbourhood  of  Harrow  he  burst 
out  in  admiration  of  Sir  W.  Jones,  and  said,  •*  There,  Sir,  on  that  stile,  I  say,  Sir,  on 
that  stile,   1  have  sate  with  that  gjreat  man  Sir  William  Jones."     To  the  present 

writer,  Parr*s  Aeart  seemed  always  in  its  right  place,  and  his  headinits  wnHig. RrV, 

\ .  %.  Why  was  not  this  letter  published  ?    We  believe  that  Dr.  Parr's  opinion  was  not 
very  fevourahle  to.  this  biography.— RJBV* 
2 


1843.]  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  TeiffnmouiL 


353 


ledge,  acquired  sncessively  the  Greek, 
Hebrew,  Chaldaic,  Syriac,  and  Samaritan. 
In  his  studies  he  received  no  assistance  or 
encouragement,  and  he  was  compelled  by 
poverty  to  sell  one  book  to  enable  him  to 
purchase  another.  At  length,  finding  on 
marriage  the  exigencies  of  the  new  cir- 
cumstances of  his  life  incompatible  with 
his  learned  pursuits,  he  reluctantly  re- 
linquished them ;  but  an  accident  which 
reduced  him  to  distress,  proved  under 
l^rovidence  the  occasion  of  his  resuming 
them  under  more  favourable  auspices,  and 
of  his  rapid  subsequent  advancement.  The 
chest  of  tools  on  which  he  depended  for 
subsistence  was  consumed  by  fire ;  and  on 
his  loss  being  made  known  to  Archdeacon 
Corbett,  that  benevolent  gentleman  having 
discovered  his  extraordinary  acquirements, 
appointed  bim  to  the  superintendance  of 
k  charity  school  at  Shrewsbury,  and  in- 
troduced him  to  the  acquaintance  of  an 
excellent  oriental  scholar.  He  was  now 
employed  in  teaching  the  oriental  languages. 
And  in  1813  he  entered  at  Queen's  Col- 
lege,  Cambridge,  where,  during  two  years, 
he  obtained  much  proficiency  in  mathe- 
matical studies.  The  various  societies 
for  diffusing  Christianity  in  the  east  gladly 
availed  themselves  of  his  abilities  and 
knowledge,  and  engaged  his  services  in 
executing  translations  of  the  Sacred 
Writings,  and  other  works,  and  in  1819 
he  was  elected  to  the  vacant  Regius  Pro- 
fessorship of  Arabic.  It  was  some  time 
after  Mr.  Lee  had  quitted  Shropshire  that 
Lord  Teignmouth,  having  heard  firom  his 
relations  in  that  county  of  the  circum- 
stances of  his  history,  formed  an  ac- 
quaintance with  him,  and  derived  from  his 
intercourse  with  this  remarkable  scholar 
not  only  the  gratification  which  his  com' 
municativeness,  amiable  qualities,  and 
piety  afforded,  but  also  the  delight  of 
interweaving  the  studies  of  his  youth  with 
the  important  pursuits  to  which  he  de- 
dicated his  declining  years.  Some  extracts 
from  a  letter. ...  in  which  Dr.  Lee  has 
recorded  reminiscenses  of  his  conver- 
sations with  Lord  Teignmouth,  will  be  read 
with  additional  interest  when  considered 
in  connection  with  the  preceding  brief 
sketch  of  the  circumstances  which  led  to 
their  acquaintance. — 


'  In  poetry  the  works  of  the  Sheikh 
Sadi  of  Shiraz,  Hafiz,  and  Attar,  were 
those  most  frequently  spoken  of  by  his 
lordship.  With  these  he  was  very  familiar, 
and  often  cited  them  with  great  readiness, 
accuracy,  and  point.  He  occasionally  spoke 
tooof  poets  of  Hindoostan  who  sometimes 
indulged  themselves  in  effusions  com- 
posed in  the  Persian  language.  One 
thing  very  much  struck  me  in  the  con* 

Gknt.  Mao.  Vox<f  XX. 


versations  on  these  subjects  which  I 
had  with  his  lordship.  It  was  this  : — 
when  any  thing  occurred  which  brought 
any  remarkable  passage  in  these  authors 
to  his  recollection,  he  would  take  down 
the  work,  and  turn  to  the  place,  and  very 
rarely  it  was  that  he  did  not  succeed  in 
finding  it.  The  accuracy  of  his  reading, 
and  the  retention  of  his  memory,  were,  I 
thought,  very  clearly  shewn  by  this  cir- 
cumstance. It  should  not  be  forgotten, 
too,  that  when  this  occurred  in  any  case 
his  lordship  must  have  discontinued  his 
oriental  studies  twenty  years  at  least.  On 
many  of  these  occasions  I  took  the  liberty 
of  submitting  some  of  my  Persian  com- 
positions or  translations  to  his  lordship  ; 
and  the  remarks  he  was  pleased  to  make 
on  them  I  always  found  to  be  correct  and 
judicious.  In  the  language  and  literature 
of  the  Arabians  his  lordship  was  less  ex- 
perienced. The  works  mostly  refeiTcd 
to  in  our  conversations  were  those  cited 
in  the  extracts  made  in  the  '  Com- 
mentary on  Asiatic  Poetry  *  by  Sir  Wil- 
liam Jones,  the  poems  termed  'Moallakat,' 
translated  and  published  by  him,  and  the 
extracts  found  in  the  Arabic  Grammar  of 
Richardson.  The  finest  specimens  of 
these  his  lordship  cited  and  turned  to  with 
readiness.  In  conjunction  with  these  he 
would  occasionally  mention  the  very 
elegant  Latin  translations  of  Lowth  from 
the  Hebrew  Scriptures,  as  given  in  his 
*  Prselectiones.'  It  certainly  was  a  source 
of  the  greatest  delight  as  well  as  of 
improvement  to  me  to  sit  and  hear  his 
lordship* s  valuable  remarks  on  these  works 
and  extracts ;  and  from  the  length  to  which 
these  conversations  occasionally  ran,  I 
think  I  may  say  that  the  pleasure  his  lord- 
ship felt  in  thus  retracing  the  steps  taken  in 
his  earlier  studies  was  only  surpassed  by 
the  delight  and  advantage  gained  by  me 
in  the  capacity  of  his  hearer.  Of  the 
accuracy  and  extent  of  Sir  William  Jones's 
oriental  acquirements,  and  particularly  of 
his  pronunciation  of  the  Persian  before 
he  arrived  in  India,  his  lordship  appeared 
to  me  to  think  but  lightly ;  and  of  Richard- 
son he  never  thought  highly — an  opinion,  I 
believe,  in  which  every  good  orientalist  of 

Europe  will  concur I  ought,  perhaps, 

to  say  that  our  conversations  were  not 
always  confined  to  subjects  connected  with 
oriental  literature.  Theology  and  classi- 
cal literature  occasionally  occupied  its 
place.  And  here,  I  must  observe,  his 
lordship's  reading  was  both  extensive  and 
accurate.     Among  his  favourite   theolo- 

fical  authors  were  Jeremy  Taylor,  Dr. 
ortin,  and  Mr.  Robert  Hall,  to  all  of 
whom  he  referred  and  turned  with  the 
greatest  readiness.  He  very  much  depre- 
cated the  crude  and  unmeaning  phraseol 
and  fetyle  of  some   poptdar  writers 

2Z 


354 


Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouth. 


[Oct. 


preachers,  while  he  dwelt  with  delight  on 
those  who  earnestly  but  more  effectually 
propounded  and  enforced  the  pure  doc- 
trines of  the  Gospel.  Among  the  Latin 
classical  writers  Homer,  Virgil,  and  Juve- 
nal were  most  frequently  cited  or  spoken 
of  by  him  ;  and,  among  the  later  authors, 
Apuleius  and  Quintilian/' 

if.  *  i^  *  *  * 

**  Lord  Teignmouth  passed  the  greater 
part  of  the  year  in  London,  usually  oc- 
cupying during  some  months  a  rented 
house  in  the  neighbourhood,  or  at  a 
watering  place,  and  occasionally  visiting 
his  friends.  An  important  portion  of  his 
daily  employment  was  dedicated  to  study 
and  devotion.  His  family  claimed  and 
received  an  increasing  share  of  his  atten- 
tion. He  saw  much  society  at  his  house, 
and  he  devoted  his  remaining  time,  so  far 
as  the  state  of  his  health  would  admit, 
to  the  support  and  superintendence  of 
charitable,  religious,  literary,  and  other 
institutions.  Some  official  business  oc- 
casionally devolved  upon  him  at  the  East 
India  Board,  or  at  the  Cockpit,  where,  as 
a  Privy  Councillor  conversant  with  Indian 
transactions  and  judicial  proceedings,  he 
was  associated  with  the  able  judges  Sir 
W.  Grant  and  Sir  J.  Nicholl,  in  deciding 
on  Indian  appeals.  Nor  did  he  neglect 
the  affairs  of  the  parish  of  St.  Marylebone, 
in  which  he  resided.  He  was  elected  a 
member,  and  attended  the  meetings  of  its 
select  vestry,  and  was  much  consulted  by 
the  venerable  rector,  Archdeacon  Heslop, 
on  parochial  matters,  and  to  his  exertions 
was  mainly  attributable  the  introduction 
of  the  Evening  Service  into  the  churches 
of  the  parish.  Among  the  public  insti- 
tutions with  which  he  united  himself  were, 
the  Society  for  Bettering  the  Condition  of 
the  Poor,  the  Society  for  the  Suppression 
of  Vice,  of  which  he  afterwards  became 
President,  the  Indigent  Blind  Institution, 
the  Foundling  Hospital,  the  African  In- 
stitution, the  Church  Missionary  Society, 
the  Royal  Institution,  the  Antiquarian 
Society,  and  the  Royal  Society  of  Litera- 
ture, to  the  chair  of  which  he  was  ap- 
pointed,  but  declined    it   in    favour    of 

Bishop  Burgess,"  &c. 

m  *  m  m 

**  The  regularity  of  his  habits  was  now 
no  less  remarkable  than  the  activity  of 
his  mind.  Though  yielding  for  some 
years  past,  in  some  degree,  to  the  growing 
infirmities  of  age,  his  hours  had  been  still 
distributed  with  the  strictest  method,  and, 
as  far  as  possible,  adapted  to  those  of  his 
family.  As  long  as  he  had  been  able  to 
partake  of  their  dinner,  it  had  been  his 
practice  to  read  aloud  to  them  in  the 
evening,  selecting  usually  modern  publi- 
cations, and  sometimes  Shakespeare,  in 
which  he  delighted,  excepting  few  of  the 


plays,  and  omitting  only,  as  he  proceeded, 
the  objectionable  passages.  When,  during 
his  latter  years,  his  health  required  an 
earlier  dinner-hour,   he   took  his   coffee 
with  his  family  immediately  after   their 
dinner,  and  conversed  with  much  anima- 
tion for  some  time ;  when  he  retired  for 
devotion,  lest   sleep  should  interrupt  it 
if  postponed.     In  the  interval  between  his 
two  illnesses  in  the  last  weeks  of  this  year, 
his  time  was  thus  uniformly  allotted : — 
breakfast :  from  half  past  seven  to  past 
nine,  prayer :  he  then  dressed  :  read  the 
Scriptures  from  half-past  ten  till  half-past 
eleven  ;  and,  at  Hampstead,  made  extracts 
from  them  in  a  distinct  and  beautiful 
hand-writing.     He  drove  in  his  carriage 
from  twelve  till  one  ;  dined  and  conversed 
till  two ;   read  the  newspaper  and  light 
books :   took  exercise  in  his  room,  and 
drove  for  half-an-hour.    From  seven  to 
eight  devotion.  At  eight,  supper :  he  then 
read  religious  books,  and  listened  to  con- 
versation, and  shortly  before  ten  he  re- 
tired to  bed.     A  list  of  the  books  which 
he  perused  in  the  five  months*   interval 
alluded  to,  affords  evidence  of  his  remain* 
ing  intellectual  vigour.     On  religious  sub- 
jects, besides  the  Bible, — his  daily  study — 
Christian  Experience,  Christian  Retire- 
ment,   Anderson's     Exposition    of   the 
Romans,    Clarke's    Scripture    Promises, 
Sermon  on  St.  Luke,  Bogatzki's  Golden 
Treasury,  and  Baxter's  Saints'  Rest.     In 
the  short  period  he  allowed  to  miscella- 
neous reading,  he  perused  Moore's  Life 
of  Byron,  a  work  which  he  frequently  ob- 
served, was  calculated  to  do  good,  as  sup- 
plying an  antidote  to  the  poison  contained 
in  the  poet's  writings,  by  showing  the 
misery  involved  in  his  principles.     Hall's 
Fragments    of   Voyages;    Tour    in    the 
Tyrol ;  Gaspar  Hauser ;  Pinati ;  a  great 
part  of  Don  Quixote  ;  Cairn's  Lives  of  the 
Missionaries,  twice  over  ;  Tytler's  Life  of 
Raleigh;    Scott's  Tales   of  My   Grand- 
father ;  and  Pearson's  Life  of  Swartz,  with 
deep  interest.     The  two  last  occupied  his 
attention  till  within  a  short  time  of  his 
death.     The  Life  of  Swartz  was  the  last 
uninspired  composition  on  which  his  eye 
rested,  and,  in  his  own  glowing  but  faith- 
ful   delineation    of    the  venerable    mis- 
sionary's  character,    transcribed  by  the 
biographer,  he  unconsciously  beheld  the 
portraiture  of  those  living  traits  of  ma- 
tured  excellence  which  commanded  the 
love  and  reverence  of  all  who  now  ap- 
proached him.     Increasing  deafness  di- 
minished Lord  Teignmouth' s  enjoyment  of 
the  society    and    convei*sation   of  those 
friends    whose    attention    was    constant 
during  his  declining  days,  amongst  whom 
must  be  particularly  mentioned  Dr.  Ire- 
land, Dean  of  Westminster,  Lord  Bexley, 
Lord  Hill,   Colonel  Clement   Hill,  the 


1843.] 


L\fe  and  Correipondence  of  Lord  Teignmouth, 


355 


Rev.  Brian  Burgess,  Curate  of  Marjle- 
bone,  who  administered  the  Sacrament  to 
him  several  times,  and  his  medical  attend- 
ant Mr.  Pennington,  whose  kindness  was  as 
unceasing  as  his  medical  skill  was  conducive 
to  the  prolongation  of  his  life,  and  the  miti- 
gation of  the  depressing  symptoms  of  his 
complaint.  »  »  •  •  In  conversation, 
especially  after  his  dinner  and  in  the 
evening,  he  was  clear  and  animated,  re  - 
curring  much  to  the  active  periods  of  his 
life,  and  relating  anecdotes  which  seemed 
to  have  remained  long  dormant  in  his 
recollection.  It  was  a  subject  of  his  con- 
tinual regret  that  he  had  not  made  memo- 
randt  of  bis  more  important  Indian  trans- 
actions ;  his  stores  of  classical  knowledge 
were  still  availing,  and  quotations  from 
Latin»  and  even  fromGreek  authors,  evinced 
the  tenacity  of  his  memory  ;  he  once  re- 
peated part  of  a  chorus  of  Sophocles 
which  he  had  learnt  at  school.  He  now 
dwelt  much  on  his  own  writings,  which 
he  had  formerly  rarely  mentioned,  and 
had  showed  to  few  persons  not  members 
of  his  family  ;  but  his  favourite  and  fre- 
quent theme  was  the  mercy  of  God  in 
preparing  him,  by  a  protracted  illness, 
for  another  world,  and  in  debarring  him 
by  deafuess  from  the  enticing  diversion 
of  conversation,  whilst  he  expressed 
sorrow  on  account  of  his  ingratitude  and 
inability  to  feel  it  duly,  and  lamented  his 
proneness  to  think  too  much  of  his  bodily 
ailments — a  temptation  against  which  he 

particularly  prayed. 

«  «  «  ♦ 

"  To  Lady  Shore. 

"  April  27,  1793. 
**  I  have  just  received  another  lesson  of 
the  vanity  of  human  expectations  and  en- 
joyments, in  the  death  of  Sir  William 
Jones  ;  of  whom  it  may  be  said,  that  he 
has  scarce  left  his  equal  behind.  In  lite- 
rary acquisitions,  and  in  science,  he  had 
no  competitor ;  and  his  principles  were  as 
sound  as  his  learning  was  extensive  ; — to 
all  which  he  added  humanity,  charity, 
liberality,  and  a  familiarity  of  conversa- 
tion, on  all  topics,  which  few  possess.  At 
the  Gardens,  he  was  my  neighbour  ;  and 
his  servant  this  morning  called  me  to  re- 
ceive his  last  sighs.  I  went  over  imme- 
diately, but  arrived  too  late :  he  had 
breathed  his  last;  but  his  extremities 
were  warm.  It  is  fortunate  for  me  that 
I  was  spared  the  sight  of  his  expiring 
struggles  ;  which,  however,  could  scarce 
have  been  felt.  I  have  often  regretted, 
as  I  flatter  myself  he  also  did,  that  our 


different  avocations  prevented  our  meet- 
ing as  constancy  as  we  both  wished  ;  but 
I  have  now  reason  to  be  glad  that  it  was 
otherwise ;  as  the  increase  of  regard  from 
the  firequency  of  intercourse  would  have 
added  bitterness  to  the  sorrow  I  feel  for 
his  loss.  We  have  both  of  us  the  same 
scene  to  go  through ;  but  when,  where, 
or  how  it  is  to  happen,  the  Almighty  alone 
knows  : — and  that  the  hour  may  not  fall 
heavily  upon  us,  and  still  more  heavily  on 
the  survivor,  let  us  pray  to  Him  for  grace 
to  live  according  to  His  laws. 

4c  :»  4c  * 

**  Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  per- 
formed my  usual  devotions,  and  have  read 
the  17th  and  18th  Sermons  of  Jortin,  vol. 
i.  The  first  of  the  two  is  very  applicable 
to  the  tenour  of  my  present  reflections  ; 
and  there  is  a  quotation  in  it  from  the 
Testament,  which,  though  not  applicable, 
I  hope,  to  Sir  William,  puts  me  in  mind 
of  a  conversation  that  we  lately  had.  He 
told  me  the  amount  of  his  fortune,  and 
asked  me  if  it  were  sufficient  to  live  com- 
fortably on  in  England.  He  visited  me 
one  evening  for  the  express  purpose  of 
obtaining  my  opinion.  Knowing,  as  I 
did,  his  moderation  and  economy,  I  satis- 
fied him  that  he  had  an  ample  stock  ;  and 
he  had  resolved  not  to  stay  beyond  the 
next  season,  in  January.  But  his  soul 
has  been  this  day  required  of  him.  *  * 
At  my  durbar  yesterday  I  had  proofs  of 
the  affection  entertained  by  the  natives 
for  Sir  William  Jones.  The  professors  of 
the  Hindu  Law,  who  were  in  the  habit  of 
attendance  upon  him,  burst  into  unre- 
strained tears  when  they  spoke  to  me,  and 
grief  clouded  many  countenances.  His 
death  is  really  a  national  loss.  I  pass  his 
late  residence,  the  house  in  which  he  died, 

daily,  in  my  visits  to  my  gardens."*.  •  •  • 

•  •  «  * 

**  Rt.  Hon.  Edmund  Burke  to  Francis 
Baring,  Esq. 

**  Sir,  Bath,  October  14,  1792. 

"  I  have  heard — and  the  account  is 
generally  credited — that  Mr.  Shore  is  in 
nomination,  or  actually  appointed,  to  the 
office  of  Governor- General  of  Bengal. 
Having  been  appointed  by  the  House  of 
Commons  a  Member  of  Committee  to  im- 
peach one  of  your  late  Governor-Generals, 
Mr.  Hastings,  I  think  it  my  duty  to  in- 
form you,  that,  in  the  exercise  of  the 
function  imposed  on  that  Committee  by 
the  House,  we  have  found  Mr.  Shore 
materially  concerned  as  a  principal  actor 
and  party  in  certain  of  the  offences  charged 


*  In  his  Inaugural  Discourse  on  succeeding  to  the  Chair  of  the  Asiatic  Society,  Sir 
J.  Shore  bestowed  an  eloquent  tribute,  dictated  no  less  by  private  affection  than  by 
public  gratitude,  on  the  transcendant  merits  of  his  predecessor.  See  vol.  i.  Ap- 
pendix iii. 


356 


Life  and  Correspondence  of  Lord  Teignmouth. 


[Oct. 


upon  Mr.  Hastings ;  that  is  to  say,  in 
the  mal- administration  of  the  Revenue 
Board,  i  which,  under  Mr.  Hastings,  he 
was,  for  some  considerable  time,  the  act- 
ing Chief.  I  think  it  necessary  to  inform 
you,  that  some  of  the  matters  charged  as 
misdemeanours,  in  which  it  appears  that 
Mr.  Shore  was  concerned,  are  actually 
on  evidence  before  the  Lords.  Other 
facts,  of  a  very  strong  nature,  which  the 
Managers  for  the  Commons  have  opened 
as  offences,  are  upon  your  Records; 
copies  of  which  are  in  our  possession. 
They  go  seriously  to  affect  Mr.  Shore's 
administration,   as  acting  Chief  in    the 


matter  into  such  a  proper  course  of  pro- 
ceeding as  the  ends  of  justice  and  tho 
public  policy  may  require.  They  hav^ 
not  hitherto,  in  any  instance,  deviated 
from  the  line  of  their  duty.  In  that  situ- 
ation, it  is  for  the  prudence  of  the  Court 
to  consider  the  consequences  which  pos- 
sibly may  follow  from  sending  out,  in 
offices  of  the  highest  rank  and  of  the 
highest  possible  power,  persons  whose 
conduct,  appearing  on  their  own  records, 
is,  at  the  first  view,  very  reprehensible ; 
and  against  whom  such  criminal  matter^ 
on  such  grounds,  in  a  manner  so  solemii*. 
and  by  men  acting  under  snch  autbori^ 


Revenue    Board.      The    Committee     of    as  that  of  the  House  of  CoBunons,  ift 


Managers  cannot,  consistently  with  their 
duty  in  making  good  the  charge  confided 
to  them  by  the  House  of  Commons,  avoid 
a  proceeding  in  those  matters,  and  the 
taking  such  steps,  both  for  supporting  the 
evidence  now  before  the  Peers,  as  well  as 


partly  at  issue,  and  the  rest  opened  and 
offered  in  proof  before  the  highest  tri- 
bunal in  the  nation. 

<<I  have  the  honour  to  be,  with  very 
great  respect  and  attention,  Sir,  your  most 
obedient  and  humble  servant, 

**  Edmund  Burks.'' 


putting  the  other  and  not  less  important 

On  this  letter  Mr.  Shore  wrote  to  his  wife  when  it  reached  him  at  Fal- 
mouth as  he  was  embarking  : 


'  ^ . . .  Mr.  Burke* s  letter  to  the  Chairman 
of  the  Court  of  Directors,  accusing  me  of 
being  concerned  in  Mr.  Hastings's  mis- 
demeanours. It  hurt  me  excessively ; — 
not  on  my  own  account ;  for  I  defy  Mr. 
Burke,  and  all  his  gang  of  malignant  in- 
formers, to  prove  me  dishonest ;  but  from 
the  effect  which  I  feared  it  might  have 
upon  you.  Laugh  at  it,  my  dear  Char- 
lotte ;  and  mind  not  what  a  madman  says. 
He  appeals  to  the  records  of  the  Indian 
Company,  and  to  the  evidence  on  Mr. 


Hastings's  trial,  for  the  proofs  that  I  was 
a  principal  actor  in  the  misdemeanours 
proved  against  Mr.  Hastings ;  as  if  the 
Court,  and  still  less  the  Ministry,  were  so 
blind  and  so  ignorant  as  not  to  see  the  proofii 

if  they  exist^ His  attacks  shall 

never  discompose  me,  if  I  can  only  satisfy 
myself  that  you  do  not  mind  what  he 
says,  for  I  should  not  be  surpised  il  h^, 
were  to  push  the  matter  before  Farliuaei^ 
So  much  the  better. — I  must,  I  find,  b;e  a 
great  man  in  spite  of  my  teeth." 


The  impression  which  the  readers  of  this  Life  will  receive^  regardiag  the 
subject  of  it,  will  probably  be,  that  Lord  Teignmouth  was  a  man  of  very 
amiable  disposition,  of  a  sound  understanding  and  religious  principle^  5 
that  he  appeared  to  be  designed  by  nature  rather  for  the  quietude  of  a 
private  and  peaceful  life  -,  that  he  would  have  made  an  excellent  country 
clergyman, — an  exemplary  rural  dean, — but  that  he  scarcely  possessed 
the  energy,  the  strength  of  character^  the  activity,  we  may  add  the  am- 
bition, necessary  for  public  life,  or  political  distinction.  Yet  the  force  of 
circumstances  made  him  a  statesman,  and  in  a  very  arduous  situation  he 
conducted  himself  with  prudence,  firmness,  and  integrity.  His  natural 
moderation  preserved  him  from  all  desire  of  personal  aggrandisement  3  and 
his  calm  and  conscientious  disposition  secured  him,  though  amidst 
dangerous  associates,  from  joining  in  the  factious  violence  of  party  con- 
nexions. He  was,  on  the  whole,  not  ill  qualified  for  the  situation  he  was 
called  upon  to  fill,  nor  can  we  regret  that  the  pleasing  task  of  delineating 
his  character  and  history  has  fallen  on  his  son,  since  he  has  executed  it 
in  a  manner  to  do  honour  to  his  father's  memory,  without  sacrificing,  if 
we  may  judge  from  internal  evidence,  any  portion  of  the  truth  3  thus 
securing  to  his  work  at  the  present  time  the  confidence  of  the  public,  and 
not  without  the  prospect  that,  in  the  future,  it  may  be  resorted  to  as  a 
faithful  representation  of  the  deceased,  and  as  furnishing  the  materials  of 
an  interesting  and  authentic  hietory. 


357 

THE  PAPAL  CX)UET. 

(WUk  •  PUie,) 

THE     cQiioas    illamination    from  remiiided  of  our  King  Richard  the 

which  the  Plate  in  our  present  namber  Second^  to  whose  period,  or  one  shortly 

is  copied,  represents  tae  administra-  after,  the  costume  of  the  surroanding 

tion  of  public  business  in  the  Pitpal  figures  may  be  referred. 
Court.    The  original  is  a  pen  and  ink        In  the  Political  Songs,   edited  by 

drawing,  slightly  coloured,  upon  paper,  Mr.  Wright  for  the  Camden  Society, 

and  evidently  cut  out  of  a  book,  as  on  is  one  directed  against  the  avarice  and 

its  back  are  some  imperfect  lines  of  venality  of  the  Court  of  Rome,  written 

what  appears  to  be  a  treatise  on  foren-  as  supposed  in  the  reign  of  Henry  III. 

sic  eloquence,  or  perhaps  on  the  canon  but  whether  it  is  the  production  of 

law.     Its  age  appears  to  be  about  the  that  or  a  later  age  seems  uncertain, 

commencement  of  the  15th  century.  Inany  case,  it  exhibits  a  picture  which^ 

The  very  juvenile  aspect  of  the  Pope  though  highly  coloured^  was  chantc- 

is  remarkable;  and    by  his  general  teristic  of  its  subject,  durin|(  niftny 

83pect,  particularly  his  beard,  we  are  ages  of  its  tyranny  and  extortion. 

Rema  capit  singolos  et  res  sing^orom; 
Romanorom  curia  non  est  nisi  forum. 
Ibi  sunt  venalia  jura  senatorum, 
£t  solvit  contraria  copia  nummorom. 

Hie  in  consistorio  si  quis  causam  regat 
Suam,  vel  alterius,  hoc  in  primislegat, — 
Nisi  det  pecuniam  Roma  totum  negat, 
Qui  pluf  dat  peeunise  melius  allegat. 

Romani  capitulum  habent  in  decretisi 
Ut  petentes  audiaat  manibos  repletis : 
DabiSi  aut  non  dabitur,  petunt  quia  petis ; 
Qua  mensura  seminas,  et  eadem  metis. 

|du^^8  et  petitio  currunt  passu  pari, 
Opereris  munere  si  vis  operari  : 
Tullium  ne  timeas  si  velit  causari, 
Nummus  eloquentia  gaudet  singulari. 

Nummis  in  hac  euria  non  est  qui  non  vacet ; 
Crux  placeti  rotunditas,  et  albedo  placet, 
Et  cum  totum  placeati  et  Romania  placet, 
Ubi  nummus  loquitur,  et  lex  omnis  taoet. 

Si  quo  grand!  munere  bene  pascas  m^um, 
Frustrft  quis  objiciet  vel  Justinianum, 
Vel  sanctorum  canones,  quia  tanquam  vanum 
Transferunt  has  paleaf,  et  inbursant  granum. 

Solam  avaritiam  Roma  novit  parca, 
Parcit  danti  munera,  parco  non  est  parca  : 
Nummus  est  pro  nnmine,  et  pro  Marco  marca, 
£t  est  minus  Celebris  ara,  quam  sit  area. 

Cum  ad  papam  veneris,  habe  pro  constantii 
Non  est  locus  pauperi,  soli  favet  danti ; 
Yd  si  munus  prsestitnm  non  est  ali^uanti, 
Reipottd^t  Uq  tibi  m^  Noa  est  michi  t»nti* 


358 


Swindon  Church,  Gloucestershire, 

Papa,  si  rem  tangimus,  uomen  habet  are, 
Quicquid  habent  alii,  solus  yvlt  papare  ; 
Vel  si  verbam  Gallicum  vis  apocopare,— 
PaeZf  Paez,  dit  li  mot,  si  vis  impetrare. 

Papa  quserit,  chartula  quserit,  bulla  quaerit, 
Porta  querit,  cardinalis  quaerit,  cursor  quserit, 
Omnes  quserunt :  et  si  quod  des  uni  deerit, 
Totum  jus  falsum  est,  tola  causa  perit. 

Das  istisy  das  aliis,  addis  dona  datis, 
Et  cum  satis  dederis,  quserunt  ultra  satis. 
O  vos  bursse  turgidse,  Romam  veniatis  ; 
Romae  viget  physica  bursis  constipatis. 


[Oct. 


In  the  last  verse  but  one  of  this 
quotation  the  several  sources  of  ex- 
pense to  the  suitor  are  rehearsed ;  as 
including  not  only  the  Pope  himself, 
but  the  brief,  the  bull,  the  door  (that 
is,  we  may  suppose,  the  usher  of  the 
chamber),  the  cardinal,  and  the  mes- 
senger. 

The  appropriation  of  the  parties 
which  appear  in  our  picture  must  be 
partly  conjectural.  The  person  in 
a  red  gown  furred  with  white,  and 
holding  a  charter,  if  not  a  cardinal,  is 
probably  a  doctor  of  law  conducting 
the  cause  ;  the  next  person  is  perhaps 
some  lordly  suitor  holding  his  head 
high,  whilst  behind  him  stands  either 
a  poorer  one,  or  the  rich  man's  servant, 
putting  his  hand  to  his  purse,  and 
about  to  pay  the  fees  of  the  court, 
certainly  with  as  melancholy  an  air 
as  if  they  were  at  his  own  expense. 
The  desk  of  the  scribe  is  curious,  and 
stored  with  conveniences,  though  he 
prefers  to  write  on  his  knee.  It 
contains,  besides  a  glass  of  black  ink, 
a  vessel  apparently  for  the  mixture 
of  other  colours,  an  instrument  for 
smoothing  his  parchment,  a  seal,  and, 
besides  a  coin  lying  loose,  a  small  slit 
to  let  money  into  a  box  below.  The 
figures  around  the  Pope  appear  to  be 
his  officers  of  state ;  one  of  them 
carries  a  sceptre  or  mace.  The  Pope 
himself  wears  his  triple  crown,  and 
bears  the  sword,  and  around  are 
emblems  of  his  sovereign  power. 

Mb.  Urban,  Aug,  10. 

MAY  I  beg  that  you  will  favour 
me  by  inserting  the  following  re- 
marks in  reference  to  some  portions 
of  a  letter  on  Swindon  Church,  signed 
Plantagenet,  which  appeared  in 
your  July  number. 


First,  to  correct  an  error  into  which 
your  correspondent  has  fallen  as  to 
the  date  of  the  chancel  and  south  aisle. 

He  observes,  "  It  would  seem  that 
this  edifice  originally  consisted  only  of 
the  chancel,  nave,  and  tower  ;  and  that 
the  south  aisle,  the  porch,  and  the  north 
aisle  were  added  at  different  periods 
between  the  fifteenth  and  the  seventeenth 
centuries,  in  the  order  just  enume- 
rated." 

Now  the  tower  and  part  of  the 
nave  walls  are  Norman  work,  while 
the  chancel  presents  a  good  specimen 
of  the  late  early- English  and  early- De- 
corated styles  prevailing  from  1270  to 
1330  :  the  chancel  cannot  therefore  be 
coeval  with  the  Norman  tower  and 
nave;  and  if  this  church  originally  con- 
sisted of  a  chancel,  nave,  and  tower, 
it  is  quite  certain  that  the  original 
chancel  no  longer  exists.  As  regards 
the  south  aisle,  which  your  corres- 
pondent ascribes  to  some  period  be- 
tween the  fifteenth  •  and  seventeenth 
centuries,  the  whole  design  and  gene- 
ral proportions  of  this  part  of  the  edi- 
fice show  it  to  be  of  equal  age  with 
the  chancel,  and  this  is  more  especially 
confirmed  by  the  character  of  the  east- 
ern window,  which  presents  one  of 
the  earliest  examples  of  tbe  introduc- 
tion of  tracery,  as  seen  in  the  pointed 
quatrefoil  over  the  centre  wide  mul- 
lion  or  jamb  of  the  narrow  trefoil- 
headed  lights  on  either  side. 

These  facts  have  a  material  bearing 
upon  the  proposed  alterations  and  ad- 
ditions to  this  interesting  little  church, 
and,  taken  with  others  which  will  be 
mentioned  in  the  course  of  these  re- 
marks, they  afford  ample  warrant  for 
the  adoption  of  the  plan  which  has 
been  recommended  by  the  architect, 
Mr.  Falljames,  and  sanctioned  by  the 


1843,] 


Swindon  Church,  Gloucestershire. 


359 


Rev.  the  Rector  and  the  Committee. 
Your  correspondent  is  perhaps  not 
aware  Ihat  circumstances  exist,  which 
restrict  the  committee  from  interfer- 
ing with  the  north  aisle  at  all ;  now, 
bearing  this  restriction  in  mind,  allow 
me  to  pass  in  review  the  objects  laid 
before  the  architect  by  the  committee 
as  desiderata,  and  the  design  of  the 
former  for  carrying  them  out.  These 
objects  were  to  rebuild  the  nave  and 
south  aisle,  which  are  in  a  very  dila- 
pidated state,  to  remove  the  large  and 
unsightly  pews  which  disfigure  the 
body  of  the  church,  and  a  tasteless 
gallery  erected  in  the  tower,  and  ex- 
tending from  the  east  to  the  west  side 
of  it ;  providing  sittings  in  the  body 
of  the  church  in  lieu  of  those  which 
would  be  thus  displaced,  and  addi- 
tional accommodation,  which  is  much 
required,  for  the  poor ;  and  further, 
to  attach  a  vestry  to  some  portion  of 
the  building. 

Now,  the  south  aisle  being  the  por- 
tion of  the  structure  to  which  the  no- 
tice of  the  architect  became  particu- 
larly directed  by  the  restriction  as  re- 
gards the  north  aisle,  he  proposed  in 
rebuilding  this  to  throw  out  a  south 
transept,  by  which  considerably  in- 
creased accommodation  would  be  ob- 
tained ;  and  that  the  sittings  thus  pro- 
cured might  be  made  convenient  for 
the  very  necessary  purposes  of  hear- 
ing and  seeing,  and  also  to  increase 
still  further  the  capacity  of  the  church, 
he  proposed  a  substitution  of  early- 
English  pillars  and  arches  in  strict  ac- 
cordance with  the  style  of  the  chancel 
and  south  aisle,  for  two  low  and 
massive  Norman  piers  and  narrow 
arches,  which,  excepting  their  mere 
antiquity,*  have  nothing  interesting 
to  recommend  them,  and  which, 
with  the  opposite  nave  walls,  present 
a  great  obstruction  both  to  hearing 
and  seeing;  as  may  easily  be  imagined, 
when  it  is  stated  that  their  united 
thickness  is  equal  to  one  third  of  the 
whole  width  of  the  nave,  that  they 
occupy  an  area  of  one  twelfth  of  the 
contents  of  the  south  aisle,  and  that 

*  It  was,  undoubtedly,  on  the  ground 
of  their  antiquity  and  singularity  that  the 
preservation  of  these  arehitectnral  features 
was  advocated  by  our  correspondent. — 
Edit. 


the  height  of  the  piers  is  only  six 
feet  three  inches  to  the  spring  of  the 
arches. 

This  is  the  proposed  alteration  which 
gives  rise  to  a  complaint  from  your 
correspondent,  that,  "  instead  of  the 
piers  in  the  nave,  pillars  of  a  light  and 
meagre  character  are  to  be  substi- 
tuted," the  truth  being,  that,  when 
Mr.  Fulljames's  plan  is  executed,  you 
will  pass,  as  in  the  instance  of  the 
Temple  Church  in  London,  through  a 
Norman  lower  into  a  uniform  early- 
English  building,  instead  of  being  pre- 
sented with  a  mixture  of  Norman  and 
more  recent  styles,  in  which  the  Nor- 
man remains  would  appear  only  as 
unmeaning  obstructions  to  the  main 
purposes  for  which  churches  are  ever 
either  erected  or  enlarged. 

But  "the  tower  it  is  proposed  to 
disfigure  by  making  an  opening  through' 
its  south-eastern  wall  into  a  vestry, 
whereby  its  character  would  be  at 
once  obliterated,  and  its  stability 
materially  impaired!" 

In  answer  to  the  former  part  of  this 
objection  I  am  satisfied  to  refer  your 
correspondent  to  the  plate  which  ac- 
companies his  paper,  in  which  the 
tower  is  represented  with  the  porch 
abutting  against  \\.& north-eastern  wall; 
for  with  that  plate  before  me  I  confess 
that  I  cannot  comprehend  by  what 
ingenuity  it  would  be  possible  to  erect 
a  similar  or  even  a  much  larger  struc- 
ture against  the  south-eastern  wall,  so 
as  materially  to  affect,  much  less  to 
obliterate,  the  character  of  the  tower  ; 
but  as  to  its  stability  being  materialljr 
impaired,  by  what  ?  by  an  arched 
doorway  three  feet  in  width,  through 
walls  "  varying  in  thickness  from  two 
feet  two  inches  to  nearly  three  feet !" 

Your  correspondent  proposes  to  ter- 
minate the  tower  by  a  short  conical 
spire ;  but  there  is  no  reason  for 
believing  that  such  a  termination 
entered  into  the  original  design  ;  and 
it  would  produce  an  unsightly  effect, 
for  the  sides  of  the  hexagonal  tower 
being  all  unequal,  the  inclination  of 
lines  produced  from  their  angles  to  a 
common  central  point  would  be  so  too, 
and  an  appearance  of  untruth  would 
thus  be  occasioned,  both  as  regards  the 
uprightness  of  the  spire  and  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  centre. 

Yours,  &C.         SlWARD, 


360 


Priory  Houie,  Peckhamr^-British  Coins,  Sfc< 


[Oct. 


Mr.  Urban,  Sept,  14. 

THE  house  occupied  by  the  nuns 
of  Syon  (of  whose  residence  in  Lisbon 
your  Magazine  for  this  month  contains 
an  engraving),  during  their  abode  in 
Peckham,  stands  very  conspicuously 
in  the  high  street  or  main  road  into 
Kent,  and  has  been,  for  the  last 
quarter  of  a  century,  the  residence  of 
John  Dalton,  esq.  It  is  a  large  hand- 
some brick  building,  with  the  founder's 
arms  emblazoned  in  a  square  com- 
partment of  the  upper  story,  and  a  tall 
turret,  with  a  clock  over  the  stables  ; 
the  whole  being  inclosed  with  high 
walls  and  lofty  iron  gates  and  railing, 
similar,  in  its  general  appearance,  to 
the  country  mansions  erected  by  the 
rich  citizens  of  London  about  a  cen- 
tury since,  when  Peckham  was  consi- 
dered far  away  from  town.  Whilst 
occupied  by  the  nuns,  a  long  range  of 
buildings  extended  on  the  left  side  of 
the  entrance ;  these  were  removed  by 
the  present  proprietor,  and  an  idea 
may  be  formed  of  the  extent  of  the 
premises  by  mentioning,  that  ten 
rooms  were  then  destroyed,  leaving 
twenty. seven  in  the  present  house  and 
offices.  An  avenue  of  tall  elm  trees 
extended  several  hundred  feet  in  the 
rear  of  the  gardens,  which  were  then 
very  monastic  in  their  arrangement 
and  appearance ;  at  the  end  of  the 
kitchen  garden  stands  a  small  gothic 
tower  of  two  stories,  and  under  the 
adjoining  greenhouse  several  of  the 
religious  are  buried,  as  recorded  in 
Aungier's  History.  In  the  Roman 
Catholic  annual  almanacks  of  that 
period  these  premises  are  denominated 
Syon  House,  after  the  old  foundation  at 
Isleworth ;  but,  from  respect  to  the 
prioress,  who  was  long  remembered  by 
the  neighbours,  they  called  it  the 
Priory  House,  which  name  has  been 
retained  ever  since. 

This  communication  may  fortn  an 
useful  note  to  Aungier's  History  of 
the  Nuns  of  Syon. 

Yours,  &c.     F.  M. 


Mb.  Urban, 


Huddersfield, 
May  17' 

IN  some  former  papers  which  you 
have  had  the  kindness  to  insert,  I  have 
adduced  several  reasons  tending  to 
show  that  this  alpine  district  was  the 
favourite  resort  of  the  ancient  Britons ; 
I  shall,  therefore,  merely  state  on  the 
3 


present  occasion,  in  corroboration  of 
my  opinion,  that  during  the  excava- 
tions required  in  making  the  railtoad 
in  this  neighbourhood,  and  since  that 
time,  many  other  relics  of  the  ancient 
Britons  have  been  brought  to  light, 
such  as  celts  and  coins  in  considerable 
number.  I  regret  to  say  that  the 
whole  of  these  were  speedily  disposed 
of  without  any  proper  examination, 
though  the  circumstance  of  their  being; 
of  British  origin  was  attested  by  the 
parties  who  described  them  to  me,  as 
being  of  a  very  rude  description,  most 
of  them  more  or  less  disked,  with  one 
side  concave  and  the  other  convex; 
but  what  the  figures  upon  them  were, 
or  what  the  inscriptions,  I  have  not 
yet  been  able  to  ascertain.  Most  Of 
these  coins  were  found  near  Brighouse, 
but  a  few  miles  from  this  place.  Those 
however  which  have  been  described 
to  me  by  my  friend  Mr.  Turner,  who 
resides  in  this  neighbourhood,  and 
who  is  himself  an  experienced  anti- 
quary, still  retain  the  traces  of  the 
figure  of  some  animal,  with  an  inscrip- 
tion not  in  Roman  characters,  but  of 
a  ruder  character.  As  soon,  however, 
as  it  shall  be  in  my  power  to  procure 
more  perfect  impressions  of  any  of 
these  specimens  of  early  British  coin- 
age, they  shall  be  forwarded  to  yon, 
in  the  hope  that  you  will  give  them  a 
place  in  your  pages,  which  is  the  like" 
itest  if  not  the  only  method  of  saving 
such  antiquarian  relics  from  oblivion. 

It  is  extremely  probable  that  the 
ancient  British  road  ran  nearly  in  tht 
same  direction  that  was  subsequent'^ 
ly  adopted  by  the  Roman  conquerors. 
Mostindeed  of  the  Roman  towns  in  Bri- 
tain were  erected  on  the  ruins  of  for^* 
mer  British  settlements,  and  accord" 
ingly  we  find  marks  of.  Roman  occu- 
pancy, such  as  the  existence  of  a 
square  camp,  and  Roman  coins,  and 
fragmehts  of  vases,  at  no  great  distanet 
from  the  very  place  where  these  ancient 
British  relics  have  been  found.  I 
should  have  felt  less  reluctance  in  for- 
warding these  impressions  had  they 
been  more  distinct,  but  no  one,  I 
think,  at  all  conversant  with  such 
subjects,  can  hesitate  in  pronouncing 
them  to  be  impressions  of  ancient 
British  coins;  and,  perhaps,  their 
very  rudeness  is  no  small  proof  of 
their  superior  antiquity. 

J.  K.  Walker,  M.D. 


1843.] 


The  Cireuhr  Temples  of  the  Drtnds. 


361 


Mr.  Urban,  Hudder^ld, 

IN  some  former  papers  relating  to 
those  groups  of  massy  stones,  once 
existing  in  such  great  numbers,  and 
still  to  be  found  in  many  parts  of  Bri- 
tain, I  endeavoured  to  shew  that 
these  ancient  British  remains,  which 
we  still  call  cromlechs,  cairns,  logan 
stones,  tolmens,  or  huraberd  stones, 
derive  their  origin  from  the  patriarchal 
times  recorded  in  scripture.  And  I 
have  shewn  that  the  names  themselves 
are  in  many  instances  significant  in 
the  Hebrew  language.  But  the  ob- 
ject of  my  present  paper  is  to  draw 
your  attention  to  those  most  important 
of  all  the  monuments  of  the  ancient 
Druids,  the  circular  temples,  which 
are  no  where  met  with  in  such  num- 
ber and  magnificence  as  in  the  British 
isles.  This  form  of  structure  too  is 
recorded  in  scripture,  for  the  word 
7J7J  (or  Gilgal,)  is  equivalent  to  a  cir- 
cle, and  gave  name  to  that  famous 
camp  or  fortress,  where  the  host  of 
Israel  first  pitched  their  tents  in  the 
land  of  Canaan,  after  they  passed  the 
river  Jordan  in  a  miraculous  manner 
dryshod.  We  have  moreover  existing 
monuments  in  Cornwall,  which  were 
erected  by  the  Phoenician  miners  in 
that  part  of  Britain.  The  curious 
cluster  of  stone  circles  at  Botallac,  in 
Cornwall,  is  the  first  of  these  stone 
circles  to  which  I  shall  advert.  The 
very  word  itself  is  a  compound  of  the 
Hebrew  word  Bethel,  which  was 
changed  by  the  Phoenicians  to  Bothel, 
and  the  Saxon  name  for  the  oak.  In 
the  seeming  disorder  of  some  parts  of 
this  circular  monument,  some  antiqua- 
ries have  thought  they  could  trace  a 
mystical  meaning — and  that  to  each 
part  was  assigned  some  appropriate 
use  ;  but  as  this  forms  no  part  of  the 
object  of  my  present  paper,  which  is 
simply  to  notice  the  circular  form  of  the 
singular  structure,  I  shall  forbear  any 
conjectures  on  this  head.  Every  anti- 
quary has  some  theory  of  his  own. 
The  open  temple  of  a  circular  form  at 
Rowldrieh  is  another  instance,  which 
has  given  name  to  the  adjacent  town. 
The  word  roileag,  in  the  old  Irish  lan- 
guage, signifies  a  church.  There  are 
many  barrows  of  diflferent  shapes 
within  sight  of  Rowldrieh,  particu- 
larly near  a  place  called  Chapel,  On 
the  heath  is  a  large  flat  and  circular 
tumulus  ditched  about,  with  a  small 
GisNx,  Mao,  Vol,  XX, 


stump  in  the  centre.*  No  antiquary 
has  yet  doubted  that  this  most  inte- 
resting remain  was  originally  a  Pagan 
temple.  Whoever  is  of  opinion  that 
these  Druidical  circles,  in  the  number 
of  the  stones  of  which  they  consist, 
have  some  relation  to  the  ancient  as- 
tronomical cycles,  will  find  this  sub- 
ject very  ably  discussed  by  one  of  the 
most  learned  antiquaries  of  the  pre- 
sent day,f  and  the  proofs  he  adduces 
will  by  some  be  regarded  as  conclusive. 
But  that  able  author  is  decidedly  of 
opinion  that  these  stone  circles  were 
places  dedicated  to  Pagan  worship. 
Indeed  the  circular  form  was  highly 
reverenced  by  the  Greeks,  as  appears 
from  the  following  passage  of  Homer's 
Iliad,  lib.  xviii. 

KrjpvKes  b'apa  \aov  eprfTvov,  oi  Se  yepovres 
"Elarem  ^f<TTOi(ri  \idois  Up^  €Pi  kvkX^ 

Here  liie  heralds  are  described  as 
sitting  within  a  sacred  circle  in  order 
to  give  judgment,  the  circle  being 
formed  of  rough-hewn  stone.  But  I 
intend  to  show  that  these  sacred  cir- 
cles, in  use  before  the  Christian 
aera,  were  in  various  parts  of  Britain 
resorted  to  for  ages  by  the  early 
Christian  converts,  and  that  in  some 
instances  they  got  the  name  of  kirk- 
stones.  And  it  is  not  improbable  that 
from  these  places  of  Druidical  wor- 
ship many  of  our  parishes,  which  have 
the  name  of  Kil  prefixed,  have  origi- 
ginally  sprung,  the  Gallic  Cil  denot- 
ing the  circle  inclosing  the  temple  of 
the  Druids.  Many  of  &e  names  of  our 
hills  have  the  same  syllable  prefixed 
to  their  names,  and  it  usually  happens 
in  such  instances  that  either  scmie 
actual  remains  of  Druidism  are  to  be 
found,  or,  if  not,  traditions  recorded  of 
the  former  settlements  of  that  ancient 
priesthood  ia  some  part  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood. 

In  Cumberland  we  may  find  exam- 
ples of  remains  of  Druidical  monu- 
ments, of  a  circular  form.  In  the  parish 
of  WhitbecJc  several  such  exist.  I  will 
mention  one,  near  Gutterby,  which  at 
the  present  day  bears  the  name  of 
kirJc'Stones,  It  is  composed  of  thirty 
stones,  which  form  parts  of  two  circles, 
an  interior  and  exterior  one,  similar  in 
position  to  those  of  Stone-henge.     In 

*  Vide  Dr.  Stukeley. 
t  Godfirey  Higgins,  esq.  en  the  Celtic 
Druids. 

3A 


362 


Druid  Temples  in  Cumberland  and  Scotland. 


[Oct. 


the  parish  of  Milium,  in  the  same 
county,  there  did  exist  the  remains  of 
a  Druidical  temple,  which  the  country 
people  called  s^unJcenkirk,  i.  e.  a  church 
sunk  into  the  earth.  It  is  nearly  a  circle 
of  very  large  stones^  pretty  entire,  only 
a  few  fallen  upon  sloping  ground  in  a 
swampy  meadow.  At  the  entrance 
there  are  four  large  stones,  two  on 
each  side,  at  the  distance  of  six  feet. 
Through  these  you  enter  into  a  circU' 
lar  area,  twenty-nine  yards  by  thirty. 
The  entrance  is  nearly  south-east.  It 
seems  probable  that  the  altar  stood  in 
the  middle^  as  there  are  some  stones 
still  to  be  seen  there,  though  sunk 
deep  in  the  earth.  The  situation  and 
aspect  of  the  Druidical  temple  near 
Keswick  is  in  every  respect  similar  to 
this,  except  the  rectangular  recess, 
formed  by  ten  large  stones,  which  is 
peculiar  to  Keswick. 

And  I  am  informed  that  there  are 
other  remains  of  stone  circles  in  these 
northern  districts,  where  there  yet 
exist  so  many  popular  superstitions 
and  customs.  Indeed,  we  find  in 
Camden's  account  of  Westmoreland 
allusion  made  to  the  ruins  of  one 
ancient  round  structure,  which  has 
always  been  considered  to  have  been 
a  temple  dedicated  to  Diana,  but 
which  is  now  known  by  the  name  of 
Kirkshead,  Many  such  instances  will 
be  found  in  the  ancient  monuments  of 
Scotland.  Sometimes  there  are  two 
circles  of  stones,  at  others  three  circles, 
having  the  same  common  centre. 

From  the  general  arrangement  of  the 
stones,  one  of  the  largest  having  a 
cavity,  at  the  bottom  of  which  there 
is  a  passage  for  any  liquid  sacrifice  to 
run  down  the  side  of  it,  nothing  can 
be  more  evident  than  that  the  triple 
circle  of  stones  was  intended  as  an 
lieathen  temple,  where  Pagan  priests 
performed  their  idolatrous  ceremonies ; 
and  what  is  most  remarkable  is,  that 
most  of  these  singular  structures  are 
still  known  by  the  name  of  cimpels  or 
temple  stones;  and  one  of  them,  we 
are  told,  in  the  parish  of.  Enesallen, 
is  full  of  groves,  and  was  formerly  an 
ordinary  place  of  burial,  and  con- 
tinues to  be  so,  for  children  who  die 
"without  baptism  and  for  strangers. 
There  is  mention  made  of  one*  in  the 


Vide  Camden's  Britannia, 


shire  of  Inverness,  which  consists  of 
two  circles  of  stones,  and  was  formerly 
known  by  the  name  of  Chapel  Piglag, 
from  a  lady  of  that  name  who  used  to 
repair  thither  for  the  exercise  of  her 
devotion,  before  a  church  was  built  in 
that  part  of  the  country.  What  adds 
to  the  interest  of  this  account,  which 
I  have  extracted  from  Camden,  is 
the  extraordinary  sanctity  in  which  a 
neighbouring  grove  of  trees  was  held. 
So  sacred  indeed  was  it  reputed,  that 
no  one  would  cut  a  branch  out  of  \t, 
and  the  women  who  dwelt  near  it, 
when  they  recovered  out  of  childbed, 
were  wont  to  repair  thither,  to  return 
their  thanks  to  God,  as  in  other  places 
of  the  kingdom  they  attend  churches 
for  the  same  purpose.  In  the  midst 
of  this  grove  there  is  a  well  or 
fountain,  called  the  well  of  the  chapel, 
which  is  also  held  sacred  ;  and  Dr. 
Jamieson,  in  his  Historical  Account  of 
the  Culdees,  relates  a  singular  instance 
of  an  old  man  in  the  North  of  Scotland, 
who,  though  very  regular  in  his  de- 
votions, never  addressed  the  Supreme 
Being  by  any  other  title  than  that  of 
arch  druid,  accounting  every  other 
derogatory  to  the  divine  Majesty. 

It  is  clear  that,  for  many  ages  after 
the  introduction  of  Christianity  into 
Britain,  the  firm  hold  which  Druidism 
had  upon  the  mind  of  her  inhabitants 
was  a  source  of  much  annoyance  to 
the  first  missionaries  to  this  country. 
Some  pagan  monuments  were  over- 
thrown, but  others  were  maintained 
inviolable  for  ages.  But,  in  order  to 
render  the  transition  from  a  false  to  a 
true  worship  less  diflScult,  it  was  no 
uncommon  practice  with  the  early 
missionaries,  not  merely  in  Britain 
but  in  other  parts  of  the  world,  to 
convert  the  temples  dedicated  to 
idolatrous  uses  into  Christian  churches. 
This  circumstance  will  account  for  the 
situation  of  many  of  our  churches, 
which  actually  occupy  the  ancient 
sites  of  Druid  temples.  It  is  probable 
that  in  many  instances  stone  circles 
existed  on  the  site  of  some  of  these 
churches,  and  were  the  scene  of  re- 
ligious worship  of  the  first  converts  to 
Christianity  :  of  all  figures  the  Druids 
most  affected  the  circular.  The  druidical 
Kir-rock,  or  circle  of  stones,  gradually 
was  contracted  into  kirk,  which  is 
now  pronounced  church.  A  kirk, 
church,  or  place  of  worship  in  dra* 


J  843.] 


Druid  Monuments  in  Yorkshire. 


363 


idical  times,  was  literally  no  more  than 
a  circle  of  atones.  These  stones, 
circularly  placed,  had  always  an  high 
stone  for  the  presiding  priest  or  judge. 
This  stone  generally  stood  single, 
thereby  serving  occasionally  for  the 
altar  or  high  stone  of  sacrifice.  Though 
in  most  instances,  as  Christianity 
flourished,  other  more  eligible  sites 
for  Christian  churches  were  afterwards 
found,  yet  the  ancient  kirk  or  temple 
stones  were  visited  for  ages,  though 
no  worship  was  performed  there. 
Where  no  regular  church  was  built 
in  the  district,  as  was  too  much  the 
case  for  many  ages,  these  ancient  stone 
circles  were  probably  resorted  to,  and 
a  congregation  formed  for  the  celebra- 
tion of  Christian  worship.  If  such  was 
the  case,  it  affords  a  sufficient  reason 
why  the  term  kirk-stones  should  still 
be  attached  to  these  venerable  relics ; 
and,  though  few  of  them  still  exist,  yet 
who  can  look  with  indifference  on 
those  once  hallowed  rocks,  where  the 
early  Christians  were  accustomed  to 
meet,  and  to  celebrate  the  worship  of 
the  newly-preached  Saviour,  perhaps 
in  those  very  temples  which  had  in 
still  earlier  times  been  dedicated  to  the 
mysterious  and  bloody  ceremonies  of 
the  Druidic  religion  ;  thus  turning  the 
altars  of  perished  Paganism  into  the 
hallowed  temples  of  the  living  God  ? 
There  are  many  such  stone  altaris  of 
Druidism  in  this  and  the  neighbouring 
counties ;  and  I  am  much  deceived  if 
some  of  them  were  not  subsequently 
used  as  places  of  worship  for  the 
primitive  Christians  of  this  district. 
There  is  a  collection  of  rocks  in  Ogden, 
in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  still  known 
by  the  name  of  "  Ogden  Kirk/'  which 
surely  indicates  that  something  more 
than  mere  Druidism  was  the  origin  of 
its  present  name.  There  is  a  wood  in 
the  vicinity  called  Snake  Hill,  or 
Snag  Hill.* 

*  A  tradition  is  said  to  prevail  in  the 
neighboarhood  to  the  following  effect : 

*'  In  days  of  old,  there  lived  in  the 
valley  of  the  Holy  Brook  a  cottageri 
whose  child,  an  exceedingly  lovely  one, 
had  for  its  companion  asnow- white  serpent. 
One  morning  however  the  cottager  saw  the 
child  sharing  its  pottage  with  the  serpent, 
giving  to  it  (as  the  tradition  represents) 
each  alternate  spoonful ;  a  movement  of 
the  latter  however  to  come  nearer  the  dish 
was  nustaken  by  the  UXker  for  a  hostile 


Not  far  from  this  place  are  still 
visible  the  remains  of  a  camp,  but  it 
is  not  so  evident  by  what  people  it  was 
formed.  It  is  of  a  circular  shape,  sur- 
rounded by  a  ditch  or  agger  still  to 
be  traced,  and  a  vallum  of  earth ;  the 
whole  divided  into  two  parts.  It  may 
have  been  Roman,  for  it  was  the 
policy  of  that  people  to  extirpate  all 
vestiges  of  Druidical  sway ;  and 
there  is  abundance  of  evidence  to 
show  that  this  now  dreary  district 
was  occupied  by  the  aboriginal  Britons, 
or  their  Druids.  This  part  of  the 
parish  of  Halifax,  when  it  has  under- 
gone a  more  searching  examination, 
will  probably  afford  us  further  light 
on  this  subject.  Celts  and  arrow* 
heads,  I  believe,  have  been  found 
formerly  within  a  few  miles  of  the 
place. 

Nor  can  I  omit  to  mention,  as  one 
more  example  of  stone  circles  in  the 
parish  of  Halifax,  a  ring  of  stones, 
which  is  not  altogether  destroyed,  in 
the  township  of  Bankisland.  The 
stones  of  this  circle  are  not  now  erect, 
but  lie  in  a  confused  heap,  like  the 
ruins  of  a  building,  and  it  is  probable 
that  many  of  the  largest  may  have 
been  taken  away.  It  gives  the  name 
of  Ringstone  Edge  to  the  adjacent  moor. 
No  one  can  doubt,  I  apprehend,  but 
that  this  stone  circle  was  originally 
constructed  by  the  aboriginal  Britons, 
under  the  superintendence  of  the 
Druids,  either  as  a  temple  or  a  court 
of  justice  or  both,  as  Druidical  circles 
were  used  for  worship  and  for  seats  of 
judgment.  We  find  the  same  thing 
said  of  Bethel  and  Gilgalf  in  the  days 
of  Samuel,  who  made  them  the  annual 
seats  of  judgment.  There  is  also  a 
Roman  camp  in  the  neighboarhood  of 
Ringstone ;  so  apparently  desirous  were 
the  Romans  of  extirpating  the  Dru- 
idical priesthood.  There  is  also  very 
near  to  this  camp  a  place  called  Tke 
Crags,  which,  both  by  its  British  name 
and  the  remains  dug  up  from  time  to 
time,  seems  to  have  been  a  retreat  in 

attack,  and  he  instantly  struck  it  with  hia 
bill,  severing  the  snake  in  two.  From 
that  time  the  ** faerie  childe"  pined  away, 
and  speedily  died.  The  record  of  the 
event  is  still  they  say  preserved  in  the 
name  of  an  adjoining  wood,  **  Snakehillf 
or  Snaghill.'* 
t  V;i  is  a  roundiih  heap  of  stones. 


364 


Circuhr  Temples  of  ike  Druids, 


[Oct. 


very  ancient  times  for  man  or  for  wild 
beasts,  as  it  once  exhibited  the  re- 
semblance of  a  large  cavern.  This 
may  have  been  a  Draidical  asylam, 
as  it  formerly  was  covered  with  oaks, 
of  which  immense  roots  are  continually 
brought  to  light  in  every  direction. 
As  this  interesting  district  is  con- 
tiguous to  my  own  summer  residence, 
I  hope  at  some  future  day  to  have  it 
in  my  power  to  bring  to  light  some 
further  evidence  of  Druidical  oc- 
cupancy, especially  in  that  part  of  the 
district  called  Weystone  Edge,  Vol 
this  part  of  the  country  there  are  still 
standing  many  rocks  of  various  shapes 
and  sizes,  such  as  may  once  have 
formed  a  circular  temple,  and  call  for 
a  more  patient  examination  than  from 
their  remote  situation  they  have  hither- 
to received.  It  has  been  mentioned 
in  the  earliest  records  under  the  name 
of  Booth  Dean.  The  mosses  here- 
about, when  cut  into  for  fuel,  exhibit 
in  great  abundance  the  Augments  of 
trees,  which  makes  it  probable  that 
it  was  once  woody.  Tacitus  in  his 
Annals  mentions  a  grove  in  Germany 
which  bore  the  name  of  Badtdietma, 
and  it  may  be  that  the  etymology  of 
both  names  is  the  same,  meaning  a 
temple  of  Diana.  The  monosyllable 
hoth  or  booth  corresponds  in  some 
degree  with  the  Hebrew  beth — a  prefix 
often  used  in  Scripture  to  signify 
temple.  The  Brimham  rocks  of  this 
county  were  probably  dedicated  to  the 
god  Rimmon,  under  the  title  of  Beth 
Rimmon,  corrupted  into  Brimham. 

The  circular  temples  of  Ahury  and 
Stonehenge  are  known  to  all.  I  shall 
not  therefore  say  more  than  that  they 
appear  to  be  of  FliGenician  origin — ^that 
the  adytums  or  interior  circles  of  both 
these  grand  but  rude  remains  of 
British  magnificence  bear  such  an 
analogy  to  the  Holy  of  Holies  in  So- 
lomon's temple,  as  to  induce  a  belief 
that  they  were  formed  subsequently 
to  the  temple  of  Jerusalem,  which  was 
built  about  a  thousand  years  before 
Christ  by  Solomon,  who  applied  to 
Hiram  King  of  Tyre  for  assistance  in 
building  the  temple.  It  seems  probable, 
therefore,  that  the  same  country  that 
supplied  workmen  to  build  the  one, 
suggested  the  construction  of  the  other. 
There  was  this  difference  however, 
one  was  dedicated  to  Jehovah,  the 
only  true  God,  the  other  to  the  worship 


of  Canaanitish  idols.  I  have  already 
in  former  papers  described  the  cha- 
racter of  the  ancient  British  mythology. 
At  Abury  and  Stonehenge  the  priests 
and  people  met  at  stated  periods  to 
try  the  causes  that  were  brought 
before  them,  and  to  sacrifice  to  the  siin 
and  moon,  under  thie  title  of  Baal  and 
Bealta,  or  Moloch.  This  double  object 
was  exactly  in  unison  with  the  pa- 
triarchal custom.  One  observation  nore 
I  will  make,  that,  however  rude  and  de- 
solate be  their  appearance  at  tlie  pre- 
sent day,  we  have  no  proof  tkeg  werem 
when  used  for  places  oif  worship.  They 
might  have  been  plastered  or  even  laag- 
nificently  ornamented.  The  Dmidioil 
stones  were  whoie  stones,  like  those 
stimes  tf  memoriai  recorded  in  Serip- 
ture.  The  Egyptians,  we  know,  were 
in  the  earliest  ages  addicted  to  the 
idolatrous  custom  of  engraving  alle- 
gorical emblems,  and  may  it  not  Yacft 
been  one  motive  for  the  strict  com- 
mand of  Moses  to  the  Israelites,  who 
lived  so  long  in  Egypt,  when  he  forbad 
that  the  stones  should  be  worked  or 
engraved,  to  prevent  them  from  adopt- 
ing the  example  of  the  Egyptians  ? 
Nor  do  we  find  the  Israelites,  though 
guilty  of  idolatry  in  repeated  instaaces, 
ever  accused  of  imitating  the  hiero- 
glyphical  models  of  the  Egyptians. 
The  ordering  of  them  to  be  covered 
with  plaster  may  perhaps  have  been 
designed  to  prevent  this  practice,  whfck 
led  to  such  degrading  superstitions  in 
other  countries.  I  might  enumerate 
other  circular  temples  in  Ireland,  in 
Anglesey,  and  Cornwall,  all  tending  to 
shew  that  the  form  of  a  circle  was 
most  usually  adopted  in  the  temples 
of  the  first  inhabitants  of  these  islands. 
It  is  to  be  lamented  that  so  few  docu- 
ments exist  from  which  we  may  learn 
the  period  when  the  light  of  Chris- 
tianity first  dawned  on  this  island, 
though  we  have  reason  to  believe,  as 
I  have  shewn  in  a  former  paper,  that 
Christian  missionaries  visited  this 
country  at  least  as  early  as  the  second 
century.  Some  have  asserted  that  it 
was  planted  by  St.  Paul  himself,  under 
the  auspices  of  the  family  of  Caractacus. 
"It  is  a  remarkable  and  interesting 
fact,"  says  a  distinguished  prelate,* 
"  that  the  detention  of  the  British 
hostages  should  have  been  coincident 

*  Bp.  Bnrgeis'  Sennon,  IBIS. 


1843.] 


ct 


Certain  MSetvatians  '*  mthe  reign  of  Elizabeth,  365 


with  St.  Paul's  residence  there  as  a 
prisoner ;  and  it  was  not  a  less  favourable 
coincidence  that  they  should  be  released 
from  confinement  in  the  same  fear  in 
which  St.  Paul  was  set  at  liberty. 
Nothing  could  be  more  convement  for 
St.  Paul's  mission  to  the  Gentiles  Uian 
the  opportunity  which  their  return 
must  have  offered  him  of  introducing 
the  Gospel  into  Britain,  and  nothing 
more  probable  than  that  he  should 
readily  embrace  such  an  opportunity." 
But,  whatever  was  the  period  of  the 
first  promulgation  of  Christianity  in 
Britain,  it  is  quite  clear  that  the  pro- 
fessors of  Druidism  were  in  existence, 
and  displayed  some  vigour,  until  the 
twelfth  or  fourteenth  century.  They 
took  refuge  in  many  of  the  wild  and 
unfrequented  districts  of  Wales,  and 
even  of  this  and  the  neighbouring 
counties.  But  we  have  reason  to 
believe  that  in  this  district  at  least, 
long  before  any  regular  church  was 
erected  for  the  more  decent  observance 
of  Christian  worship,  there  was  a  little 
fiock  of  followers  of  a  crucified  Saviour, 
who  left  the  ancient  superstitions  of 
Druidism,  and,  though  the  habits  of 
many  generations  prejvdiced  them  in 
favour  of  their  ancient  place  of  worship, 
yet  they  no  longer  participated  in  the 
bloody  rites  of  their  forefieithers.  The 
rocking- stone  at  a  short  distance  from 
the  Roman  town  of  Cambodunum, 
situate  at  the  borders  of  Scamonden, 
near  Huddersfield,  which  has  retained 
the  name  of  Holy  Stoite  to  this  day, 
no  doubt  gave  name  to  the  neighbour- 
ing township  of  Golcar,  which  is  a 
contraction  from  Godle-scar,  for  so  it 
is  spelt  in  some  copies  from  the  earliest 
writers.  It  was  the  name  given  to  it 
by  our  Saxon  ancestors,  though  it  is, 
like  many  other  names  in  Domesday, 
incorrectly  spelt.  To  render  Chris- 
tianity palatable  to  the  Anglo-Saxons, 
Augustine  was  instructed  by  the  Pope 
to  permit  the  exercise  of  some  of  their 
ancient  peculiarities,  by  incorporating* 
into  the  purer  faith  the  less  ofiiensive 
tenets  of  their  own  superstition,  and 
he  permitted  the  conversion  of  their 
temples  into  Christian  churches,  by 
merely  destroying  the  idols  and  con- 
secrating the  altars.  We  have  no  con- 
clusive evidence  to  shew  the  precise 
period  when  a  fabric  for  the  celebration 
of  Christian  worship  was  first  trected 


in  this  part  of  the  kingdom ;  but,  from 
the  abandonment  of  the  Roman  station 
of  Cambodunum  by  the  Saxons,  who 
occupied  the  less  bleak  and  more  de- 
fensible position  at  Ahnonbury,  and 
subsequently  perhaps  the  present  site 
of  Huddersfield,  we  ha've  every  reason 
to  believe  that  a  timber  edifice  was 
constructed  in  both  of  those  places  in 
the  early  Saxon  times.  Camden  was 
incorrect  in  supposing  that  a  basilica 
was  built  at  Almonbury  by  Paulinus, 
which  could  not  be  the  case,  as  at 
some  future  opportunity  I  hope  most 
satisfactorily  to  shew. 

J.  K.  Walker. 


Mr.  Urkak,      YarmofAh,  June  21. 

AMONG  the  MSS.  which  came  to 
me  from  Sir  Henry  Spelman's  library 
is  one  entitled  *'  Certain  Observations 
concerning  the  Life  and  Raigne  of 
Elizabeth  Queen  of  E&gland,  with  the 
Proceedings  from  hir  Death  to  the 
Coronation  of  King  James."  The 
narrative,  which  is  preceded  by  a  dedi- 
catory letter  to  Sir  Thomas  Hesketh^ 
consbts  of  about  100  pages.  Its  con- 
tents are  not  so  much  political  as  per- 
sonal regarding  the  Queen,  and  were 
evidently  written  by  some  One  who  had 
access  to  private  means  of  knowledge. 
My  object  in  now  troubling  you  is  in 
the  hope  that  either  by  yourself  or  some 
of  your  readers  I  may  be  enabled  to 
ascertain  whether  my  MS.  has  ever 
been  printed,  and  who  is  its  author. 
There  are  two  clues  to  the  latter  inquiry, 
by  means  of  which  1  trust  that  those 
who  are  more  conversant  than  myself 
with  the  literature  of  the  times,  may  be 
able  to  solve  my  question.  The  writer, 
although  he  nowhere  gives  his  name, 
states  himself  to  have  been  in  the 
service  and  confidence  of  Lord  Trea- 
surer Burghley,  and  to  have  composed 
this  memoir  after  the  death  of  that 
nobleman.  He  also  subjoins  to  it  the 
following  poem,  followed  by  the  initials 
/.  C.  or  «/.  G.  in  a  cypher ;  a  poem  so 
much  superior  to  the  general  run  of 
those  of  the  Elizabethan  age,  that,  if 
unprinted,  1  can  neither  doubt  that  it 
will  be  acceptable  to  your  friends,  or 
that  they  will  trace  in  it  the  hand  of 
some  well-known  bard  of  the  day. 

Yours,  &c.    Dawson  Turnbr. 


366  Poem  on  the  Accession  of  James  I,  [Oct- 

VERSES   ORATULATORIE   UPON    THE    KING's    Ma"'^'   ENTRANCE. 

Among  the  most,  (though  wanting  gifts  of  art^ 

Yet  in  affection  equall  with  the  best. 
Vouchsafe  (great  King)  to  take  in  gracious  part 

These  plaine  and  humble  lynes  to  thee  adress'd ; 
And  let  that  zeale,  the  better  part  affoords. 
Supply  the  want  of  artificiall  words. 

My  slender  muse,  which  in  the  spring  of  youth 
Was  wont  to  sing  of  loue  and  vayne  delight. 

Which  feeds  the  mind  with  shadowes  more  than  truth, 
Diuerting  reason  from  the  rule  of  right ; 

When  time  pluck'd  of  that  veyle  w*^'*  fancy  fitted. 

Did  blush  to  see  the  errors  she  comitted. 

And  ever  since  she  hath  in  silence  slept 

(Sleep  is  secure,  and  silence  voyd  of  blame) : 

Long  did  she  fare  like  one  in  prison  kept. 
Till  now,  awaked  with  thy  glorious  name. 

She  breaks  hir  fetters  and  presumes  to  sing 

The  peaceful  entrance  of  the  British  King. 

A  subject  fitte  for  poets  of  most  worth. 

Yet  pardon  mee  (redoubted  soueraine) 
That  I  (unknowne)  assay  to  sett  it  forth 

In  these  rude  verses  of  a  lowly  strain  ; 
And  think,  although  I  shew  my  want  of  skill. 
He  giues  enough  that  giueth  with  good  will. 

Those  darksom  clouds,  which,  hanging  o're  our  heads. 

Did  threaten  warre  and  miseries  at  hand, 
Are  now  dispersed,  while  the  warme  sun  spreds 

His  brightest  beames  upon  this  happy  land  : 
Such  hap  did  never  any  land  befall. 
To  see  a  chaunge,  yet  feele  no  chaunge  at  all. 

The  day  is  past,  and  yet  no  night  succeeds  : 
A  prince  is  dead,  and  yet  a  prince  doth  line  : 

Th'  Almighty  power  sends  help  when  most  it  needs. 
And  good  successe  to  good  attempts  doth  giue ; 

For  Wrong  through  by-paths  runs  from  worse  to  worse. 

But  Right  maintains  one  uncontrolled  course. 

The  Roman  oft  assayed,  but  in  vaine. 

To  make  a  perfect  conquest  of  this  ile  : 
The  warlick  Saxon  and  the  sturdy  Dane 

Pursu'd  the  same  in  tempring  force  with  guile  : 
The  Norman  race,  as  forward  as  the  best. 
Made  proof,  but  sped  no  better  than  the  rest. 

It's  fruitelesse  then  for  man  to  proue  by  art. 

Or  striue  by  force  t'accomplish  his  desires  ; 
For  of  himself  he  is  the  smallest  part. 

And  fayles  of  that  whereto  his  will  aspires  : 
What  Power  divine  had  from  the  first  directed. 
Is  in  the  fulness  of  due  time  effected. 

Religion  now  sits  stablish'd  in  hir  throne : 

Consent  of  lawes  by  union  is  enforced  : 
Successe  of  time  hath  made  two  kingdoms  one. 

Now  link'd  in  league  neuer  to  bee  diuorced. 
Such  blisse  (great  prince)  doth  thy  fayre  entrance  bring, 
One  God,  one  lawe,  one  people,  and  one  King. 

No  witt  or  power  p£  man,  but  God  alone. 
Hath  wrought  thid  work,  for  He  himself  is  one. 


1843.] 


Church  Architecture. 


367 


Mr.  Urban,  Aug,  24. 

CHURCH  architecture  and  Church 
principles  are  both  likely  to  sustain,  at 
no  very  distant  period,  a  severe  trial ; 
the  one  is  too  intimately  connected 
with  the  other  to  allow  of  the  suppo- 
sition that  either  can  exist  alone,  or 
that  one  can  pass  unhurt  through  the 
fire  and  leave  the  other  to  perish. 
Both  must  stand  or  fall  together,  both 
have  the  same  opponents,  and  each  is 
viewed  through  the  same  mist  of  pre- 
judice and  error.  If  we  could  look 
into  the  future  we  might  see  the  malice 
of  the  opposers  of  Church  principles 
prevailing  for  a  season,  obloquy  and 
persecution  following  those  who  have 
moral  courage  sufficient  to  become 
confessors  for  the  cause  of  truth  ;  but 
it  is  not  too  much  to  anticipate  that  in 
the  end  the  triumph  of  sound  and 
correct  principles,  whether  of  Church 
creeds  or  Church  architecture,  will  be 
the  certain  result. 

I  have  been  led  into  this  letter  and 
these  reflections  by  the  correspondence 
of  "  Saxon"  in  several  recent  Maga- 
zines, and  regret  much  at  the  timid  tone 
in  which  the  letters  are  written ;  and, 
indeed,  I  should  feel  at  a  loss  to  guess 
at  what  your  correspondent  levelled  his 
remarks,  if  he  had  not  pointedly  alluded 
to  the  Cambridge  Camden  Society  and 
its  publication,  the  Ecclesiologist,  both 
of  which,  the  Society  and  the  book, 
were  established  to  promulgate  sound 
principles  of  Church  architecture, 
founded  on  Church  principles  ;  and  if 
your  correspondent  had  openly  avowed 
that  he  had  taken  an  opposite  view  of 
the  case,  and  urged  with  the  Professor 
of  Architecture  at  the  Royal  Academy 
that  a  new  style  was  wanted  to  accord 
with  the  fashionable,  and  unhappily 
too  prevalent  and  too  lax  notions  of 
religion  of  the  day,  I  should  have  left 
the  matter  between  them;  but,  when  I 
found  that  the  writer  of  the  observa- 
tions alluded  to  is  professedly  an  ad- 
mirer of  ancientChurch  architecture,  I 
think  it  necessary,  having  more  than 
once  in  your  pages  endeavoured  to  ex- 
hibit its  merits,  to  add  my  humble  en- 
deavours to  remove  some  misappre- 
hensions into  which  I  fear  your  cor- 
respondent has  fallen. 

I  shall  in  these  observations  refer  to 
parochial  churches  alone,  as  the  age 
is  too  cold  to  raise  anew  the  abbeys 
and  collegiate  churches  and  cathedrals 
of  old  England.     To  preserve  those 


we  have  left  is  all  we  dare  wish  for. 
To  avert  the  hands  of  mischievous  ar- 
chitects from  those  matchless  fa- 
brics is  a  sacred  duty  in  every  church- 
man. 

Referring  to  the  last  letter  of 
"  Saxon,"  from  which  I  have  some- 
what strayed,  I  find  great  admiration 
avowed  for  some  ideal  system  of  Eng- 
lish architecture,  and  at  least  an  im- 
plied censure  of  those  magnificent 
churches  which,  mutilated  as  they  are« 
still  exist  as  models  of  church  architec- 
ture, such  as  no  part  of  the  world,  trans- 
alpine or  cisalpine,  can  shew :  they 
are  viewed  by  "  Saxon  "  with  a  sort  of 
sneer,  as  suitable  to  the  ritual  of  Rome, 
where  it  does  not  signify  whether  the 
worshipper  is  outside  the  fabric  or 
within,  and  totally  useless  for  the  re- 
formed Church  of  England — a  style 
"  indiscriminately  used  for  the  house 
of  God  and  for  the  strong  hold  of  the 
oppressive  baron,  for  the  cell  of  the  her- 
mit and  for  the  quadrangular  mansion 
of  the  voluptuous  lord  of  the  manor ;" 
the  latter  class  of  dignitaries  I  suppose 
exists  in  the  Bulwer  novels  or  some 
works  of  that  class.  Alas  I  that  our 
simple-hearted  ancestors,  the  old  Eng- 
lish gentlemen,  should  turn  out  to  be 
sensualists  and  voluptuaries,  that  the 
dwellers  at  Cotehele  or  Ightham,  or 
even  in  the  lordly  chambers  of  Haddon 
and  Penshurst,  should  revel  in  volup- 
tuousness, in  halls  too  at  which  the 
lady  of  a  manufacturer  of  Manchester 
or  Birmingham  would  only  look 
with  feelings  of  pity  for  the  boorish 
and  unfashionable  chamber  of  the  old 
English  voluptuary.  I  should  not 
dwell  on  these  and  similar  expressions 
of  your  correspondent  so  long  if  it 
were  not  necessary  to  expose  the 
falseness  of  the  views  of  a  vast  class 
of  writers  on  our  old  English  archi- 
tecture. True,  the  details  of  the  archi- 
tecture of  the  castle,  the  mansion,  or 
the  church  were  the  same ;  but  the 
building  was  essentially  different ;  the 
one  could  never  be  mistaken  for  the 
other.  It  was  reserved  for  a  more  re- 
cent age  to  witness  a  really  volup- 
tuous dwelling  usurp  the  name  and 
form  of  an  abbey,  or  a  London  trades- 
man's dwelling  to  be  styled  a  priory. 
Such  absurdities  and  inconsistencies 
were  totally  unknown  to  our  ances- 
tors :  a  church  had  a  character  of  its 
own ;  it  was  like  no  other  building, 
and  its  uses  could  never  be  mistaken. 


368 


Cross  Churches.'^Size  of  Chancels. 


[Oct, 


The  pliable  architecture  was  capable 
of  being  moulded  to  any  use,  but  the 
rules  on  which  the  building  was  erected 
were  definite  and  permanent. 

Now  let  us  look  at  the  multitude  of 
Grothic  churches  which  cover  our  land 
from  Dover  to  Penzance.  What  a  cata- 
logue could  be  given  of  structures, 
each  of  which  would  absorb  more 
money  than  is  now  bestowed  to  build 
sixty  or  eighty  churches  in  the  holes 
and  corners  of  the  metropolis ; —  look  at 
Boston,  that  incomparable  model  of  a 
parish  church ;  then  turn  to  Coventry, 
with  its  matchless  spires ;  to  the  many 
churches  in  Lincoln,  Norfolk,  and 
Suffolk,  too  numerous  to  be  even 
named  here ;  piles,  which  millions  of 
our  money  could  not  build ;  and,  after 
surveying  these  magnificent  piles,  de- 
scend to  the  smaller  temples,  each  in 
its  village  so  many  gems  of  architec- 
ture, all  decaying  and  too  often  dilapi- 
dated and  ruined,  but  all  beautiful. 
When,  I  ask,  were  these  structures 
raised,  and  by  whom  ?  can  any  entire 
new  church  be  pointed  out  since  the 
Reformation  which  will  bear  a  com- 
parison with  the  humblest  of  these 
ancient  fabrics.  True  we  are  told  by 
"  Saxon"  that  our  Reformers  in  rescuing 
the  Church  of  England  from  the  thral- 
dom of  Rome,  departed  in  everything 
from  the  usages  of  that  communion  ; 
truly  is  it  to  be  regretted  that  one  of 
these  departings  was  from  the  practice 
of  building  churches  to  the  destruction 
of  them  ;  the  overthrow  of  monaste- 
ries, the  union  of  parishes,  and  the  de- 
secration of  chapels,  were,  let  it  ever 
be  recollected,  the  first  fruits  of  that 
Reformation.  But  it  is  idle  to  waste 
more  words  to  establish  a  fact  which 
no  one  contradicts ;  it  is  clear  that  the 
only  models  of  church  architecture  in 
our  land  are  anterior  to  the  Reforma- 
tion. I  shall  therefore  leave  general 
views,  and  turn  to  the  more  immediate 
objects  which  are  censured  by  your 
correspondent ;  and  here  I  will  oppose 
fact  to  theory.  ChanceU  are  objected 
to  because  they  were  unknown  to 
what  your  correspondent  styles  the 
primitive  Church,  and  of  which,  as  far 
as  buildings  are  concerned,  inasmuch 
as  we  know  very  little,  we  are  at 
liberty  to  speculate  the  more.  I  believe 
no  church  older  than  the  time  of  Con- 
stantine  is  known  to  exist;  and  in 
those  of  that  age,  or  built  subse- 
4 


quently  on  the  ancient  model,  we  find 
the  exact  prototype  of  our  own  parish 
church,  a  nave  with  aisles  and  a  chan- 
cel ;  and  we  know,  moreover,  ^and 
"  Saxon  "  admits  it,  that  it  was  acci- 
dent and  convenience  which  led  to  the 
change  of  the  court  of  law  into  the 
temple  of  religion;  but  does  your 
correspondent  infer  that  no  choir 
existed  in  these  churches,  that  na  en- 
closed place  appropriated  to  the  clergy, 
and  to  the  clergy  alone,  and  divided 
from  the  laity  by  screens,  was  to  be 
found  ?  If  it  did  exist  it  was  a  chancel, 
and  if  measurements  were  taken  it 
would  appear  a  far  deeper  chancel 
than  could  be  found  in  any  English 
church.  The  form  of  the  cross  was 
adopted  first  by  the  Greek  church,  or 
rather,  I  should  say,  by  the  Greek 
branch  of  the  Catholic  church,  for  the 
schism  had  not  then  arisen,  and  it 
was  so  much  improved  by  the  Latins 
that  no  one  would,  I  think,  hesitate 
to  prefer  the  latter  form.  But  had  the 
Greek  church  no  chancel?  Is  there 
not  a  chancel  both  in  the  Orthodox 
and  Russian  Greek  churches,  separat- 
ing, almost  imperviously  to  sight,  the 
clergy  from  the  laity.  If  your  corre- 
spondent looks  for  precedent  into  the 
oldest  of  the  churches  which  have 
reached  us,  he  will  find  chanceb,  or 
something  like  them,  quite  as  deep, 
and  more  completely  separated  from 
the  nave  or  body  of  the  church,  than 
in  any  English  example ;  unless,  per- 
haps, he  turns  to  unhappy  St.  Sophia, 
the  interior  of  which  having  under- 
gone an  operation  much  like  pro- 
testantizing the  building,  is  as  naked 
and  open  and  fit  for  &e  uses  of  a 
Scotch  Kirk  or  any  other  schismatic 
congregation,  as  the  most  ardent  op- 
poser  of  chancels  could  desire. 

It  is  difficult  to  ascertain  what  pro- 
portion the  chancel  of  an  ancient 
church  bears  to  the  nave,  but  I  think 
about  one-third  of  the  entire  structure 
may  be  taken  as  the  general  scale. 
To  instance  an  example  near  at  hand  : 
Northfieet  Church,  Kent,  is  in  round 
numbers  150  feet  long,  of  which  50  is 
taken  up  by  the  chancel ;  this  is  sepa- 
rated from  the  nave  by  the  ancient  rood 
screen,  and  the  clergy  proceed  to  the 
altar  to  read  the  communion  service, 
and  no  one  who  has  ever  attended  the 
service  there  will  complain  of  any  in- 
distinctness or  difficulty  of  hearing 


IS^S.]        The  Size  of  Chancels,-^  Camberwell  New  Church. 


369 


that  portion  of  th€  service  which  is 
read  from  within  the  screen  ;  indeed, 
in^hisand  other  country  churches  1 
have  ever  remarked  that  the  clergy- 
man's voice  was  heard  more  distinctly 
from  the  altar  at  the  end,  even  of  the 
deep  chancel,  than  in  the  reading  desk ; 
and,  as  for  seeing  the  clergyman,  this 
is  perfectly  unnecessary  at  prayers,  as 
the  congregation  ought  to  be  on  their 
knees,  with  their  heads  bowed  in  hu- 
mility, not  gaping  and  gazing  at,  or 
criticising,  the  officiating  priest.  The 
situation  of  the  pulpit  is  of  course  in 
the  nave,  where  the  preacher  can  be 
both  seen  and  heard ;  but  the  import- 
ance of  seeing  the  clergy  at  prayers 
will  surely  not  be  urged  by  any  one 
except  those  to  whom  the  unstained 
gloves  and  the  white  cambric  handker- 
chief and  the  diamond  ring  of  the 
fashionable  preacher  are  often  greater 
objects  of  note  than  the  prayers. 

Now  let  us  imagine  the  case  of  a 
church  built  upon  old  Church  prin- 
ciples, in  a  populous  part  of  Lon- 
don. Suppose  then,  instead  of  ten  or 
twelve  small  and  cheap  structures,  a 
large  and  magnificent  temple,  capable 
of  holding  in  its  ample  nave  some 
thousands  of  worshippers,  not  snugly 
boxed  up  in  pews  but  kneeling  side  by 
side  on  the  floor  of  the  church,  with 
simple  benches  to  sit  during  the  les- 
sons and  sermon.  Suppose  to  this 
spacious  church  a  college  was  added, 
and  ten  or  fifteen  clergy  (our  ancestors 
would  have  named  thirty  or  forty), 
were  appointed  to  perform  the  duties 
of  the  parish,  and  to  meet  daily  for 
divine  worship  in  the  church,  with  a 
choir  of  singers  to  take  up  the  choral 
portions  of  the  service.  Would  not 
the  clergy  of  such  a  church  require  a 
deep  chancel,  in  which  they  might  all 
stand  and  assist  at  a  solemn  service  ? 
and  if,  as  would  doubtless  be  the  case, 
so  unusual  and  magnificent  an  esta- 
blishment had  arisen,  and  crowds  of 
communicants  had  thronged  the  altar, 
would  not  a  deep  chancel  be  required 
to  allow  of  them  to  approach;  and 
would  not  the  mere  separation  of  the 
chancel  from  the  rest  of  the  church 
aid  and  encourage  the  feeling  of  ve- 
neration to  the  holy  sacrifice  in  the 
worshippers  ?  If  to  this  temple  had 
been  attached  a  series  of  dwellings  for 
the  college  of  priests,  I  think  your 
correspondent,  ardent  admirer  of  the 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


English  Church  as  he  is,  would  have 
rejoiced  to  see  the  day  on  which  such 
a  structure  should  be  raised.  But 
when  we  see  a  number  of  small  and 
insignificant  churches  are  built,  which 
look  little  better  than  competitors 
with  the  many  meeting-houses  in 
their  neighbourhood,  I  cannot  help 
feeling  they  are  more  mischievous  than 
beneficial  to  the  Established  Church. 

When  we  look  with  pain  on  the 
mean  buildings  which  the  Establish- 
ment are  raising  up,  the  universal 
feature  of  which  is  cheapness,  we 
see  a  splendid  temple  has  been 
raised  in  the  environs  of  the  metro- 
polis, which  is  not  equalled  by  any 
church  built  since  the  Reformation, 
which  with  the  presbytery  and  schools 
will  form  a  truly  ecclesiastical  group, 
and  evince  that  ages  of  persecution 
and  obloquy  have  not  annihilated  the 
spirit  of  church-building  in  the  pro- 
fessors  of  the  ancient  faith ;  and  when 
we  reflect  that  voluntary  offerings 
alone,  without  aid  from  the  govern- 
ment, or  from  rates  wrung  from  the 
unwilling  pockets  of  dissenters,  have 
sufficed  to  rear  the  pile ;  and  when 
we  hear  further  that  another  equally 
spacious  structure  is  about  to  be  built 
in  another  suburb, — it  will  be  seen  that 
the  ancient  spirit  of  church-building 
which  led  to  the  construction  of  the 
thousands  of  glorious  piles  in  our 
land,  though  obscured  and  depressed, 
is  not  entirely  extinguished. 

From  these  censures  upon  the  new 
churches  I  can  happily  exempt  Cam- 
berwell  new  church,  a  cruciform  struc- 
ture, with  central  tower,  truly  de- 
signed upon  ancient  models,  which  it  is 
pleasing  to  be  able  to  adduce  not  only 
as  an  example  of  correct  architecture, 
but  as  a  practical  answer  to  your  cor- 
respondent's objection  to  deep  chan- 
cels. This  modern  temple  possesses 
a  chancel  quite  equal  in  proportions 
to  any  ancient  example ;  it  is,  more- 
over, separated  from  the  nave  by  the 
area  of  the  central  tower.  I  venture 
to  predict  that  an  inspection  of  that 
church  will  obviate  most  of  your  Cor- 
respondent's objections.  And  if  I 
may  be  allowed  to  digress  from  the 
direct  line  of  my  letter,  1  cannot,  in 
mentioning  this  church,  abstain  from 
expressing  my  regret  that  the  edifice 
should  be  finished  without  the  spire ; 
the  parsimony  which  has  cropped  off 

3B 


370 


The  proper  use  of  an  Apsc-^Rood  Screens, 


[Oct 


that  appropriate  finish  to  the  structure, 
has  marred  most  effectually  a  truly 
beautiful  design. 

Returning  then  to  our  letter,  and 
descending  from  general  observations 
to  particular  ones,  and  looking  to  what 
is  required  in  the  detail  and  arrange- 
ment of  the  so  much- to-be- desired 
church,  we  must  do  one  of  two  things, 
either  to  follow  (but  not  servilely  copy) 
some  ancient  model,  or  we  must  invent 
anew  style;  but,  as  a  preliminary  ques- 
tion, it  will  be  necessary  to  consider 
whether  the  Christian  congregation  to 
be  assembled  in  the  building  are  to 
be  worshippers  or  auditors,  whether 
the  laity  are  to  assist  in  the  prayers 
offered  by  the  priest,  or  to  sit  as 
listeners  to  a  service  read  to  them 
from  one  pulpit  and  a  sermon  preached 
from  another.  If  the  latter*  I  would 
not  waste  a  drop  of  ink  to  write  a 
line  on  the  matter,  but  would  leave 
the  subject  entirely  in  the  hands  of 
your  correspondent  and  the  Professor 
of  Architecture  at  the  Royal  Academy, 
and  not  trouble  myself  to  inquire 
whether  the  suggested  building  would 
be  more  convenient  for  the  auditors 
than  Exeter  Hall,  or  Surrey  Chapel, 
or  the  MoorfieJds,  or  any  other  taber- 
nacle ;  but  as  "  Saxon  "  seems  to  inti- 
mate that  something  of  a  church-like 
character  is  necessary  to  be  retained, 
but  yet  one  that  must  be  totally  dif- 
ferent from  the  old  popish  temples  of 
ignorance  which  crowd  the  land,  I 
will  briefly  show  that  the  arrangement 
on  which  "  Saxon  "  is  somewhat  dog- 
matical, would  be  anything  but  grand 
or  convenient.  Your  correspondent 
would  confine  his  church  to  a  nave 
and  apse ;  he  would  elevate  the  altar 
on  four  steps,  the  number  adopted  I 
suppose  to  avoid  the  least  appearance 
of  symbolism,  and  yet  squeeze  the 
whole, — steps,  holy  table,  and  plat- 
form,— into  an  apse.  Now  any  one 
who  wishes  to  see  the  ill  effects  of 
his  arrangement  has  only  to  look  to 
the  generality  of  the  cheap  modern 
churches,  where  we  see  a  huge  meet- 
ing-house-like nave,  with  an  apse  at 
one  end,  which  appears  like  a  cupboard. 
Now  let  us  suppose  a  semicircular 
apse,  of  which  the  chord  would  be 
thirty  feet, — a  tolerably  wide  example, 
— the  depth  would  be  fifteen  feet ;  of 
this  four  feet  would  be  required  for  the 
open  space  within  the  rail,  four  more 


for  the  steps,  and  four  for  the  table, 
leaving  only  three  feet  for  the  level 
floor  or  platform  between  the  steps, 
and  the  altar.  Here  then  in  a  large 
apse  very  little  room  would  be  left  for 
the  priest  and  deacons  reverently  to 
approach  the  altar  ;  but,  suppose  the 
apse  reduced  to  ten  feet  in  depth, — ^th^ 
steps  and  table,  let  it  be  recollected^ 
must  remain  of  the  same  dimensions,— - 
and  in  such  case  the  niche  or  apse  of 
"Saxon"  would  not  hold  the  steps 
and  altar, — so  much  for  designing 
without  rule  or  compass !  I  have  only 
written  this  to  show  that  your  corre- 
spondent's horror  of  deep  chancels  has 
led  him  to  an  opposite  extreme,  wad 
to  the  expression  of  an  untenaUe  po- 
sition. Nave  and  apse  has  never  been 
found  in  any  ancient  building  i  but 
nave,  choir,  and  apse, — that  is,  either 
a  portion  of  the  nave,  or  a  quadriUif 
teral  area  between  the  two, — is  the 
arrangement  of  our  Norman  churches, 
and  to  which  no  objection  can  exist. 
As  an  adjunct  to  the  chancel  is  the 
rood  screen,  to  which  your  corre- 
spondent objects,  as  beingan  hindranee 
to  the  effective  administration  of  the 
communion ;  but  on  what  ground  1 
cannot  tell,  as  a  deep  chancel  would 
admit,  and  if  fitted  up  with  those 
beautiful  stalls  so  commonly  seen  in  the 
chancels  of  country  churches,  would 
certainly  afford,  the  most  efficient  ac- 
commodation to  communicants,  who 
would  be  in  the  immediate  neighbour- 
hood of  the  altar,  and  would  see  the 
offerings  and  oblation  as  well  as  hear 
distinctly  the  sacred  office,  and  that 
without  the  obstruction  of  the  pulpit 
and  its  duplicate,  existing  in  most  of 
the  new  churches,  and  which  forms  a 
more  effectual  and  striking  partition 
between  the  altar  and  the  people,  than 
the  light  and  open  rood-screen,  with 
its  ample  doors,  never  closed  during 
service,  and  which  of  course  might 
be  shut  during  the  administration 
against  any  intrusion,  and  the  com- 
municants might  quietly  depart  by 
the  priest's  door.  So  far  then  from 
the  rood-screen  forming  a  barrier  to 
the  due  administration  of  the  commu- 
nion, I  feel  certain  it  would  add  re- 
pose and  solemnity  to  the  sacred 
office,  and  have  the  positive  utility  of 
forming  a  line  of  separation  between 
the  communicants  and  non-communi- 
cants. 


1843.]  Twin  Pulpits^^Reading'Deaks.-^Symholism, 


371 


In  a  modern  church,  Walworth,  the 
first,  but  unhappily  not  the  only, 
church  built  by  Sir  John  Soane,  two 
huge  pulpits  appear,  as  if  placed 
to  hide  the  view  of  the  clergy,  and 
their  solidity  answers  this  purpose 
most  effectually ;  but  if  the  congrega- 
tion are  seated  with  their  faces  to  the 
east,  instead  of  being  boxed  up  in 
square  pews,  regarding  each  other's 
countenances  during  the  service  in- 
stead of  the  altar,  it  is  clear  that  the 
rood  screen  would  interpose  no  ob- 
stacles to  their  properly  seeing  the 
officiating  clergy. 

The  new  church  of  St.  Paul,  Knights- 
bridge,  though  designed  by  an  archi- 
tect, instead  of  a  churchman,  has  a 
spacious  chancel,  and  one  which  would 
appear  deep  if  the  huge  hall,  which 
the  architect  has  built  for  the  nave, 
had  not  marred  it  altogether.  This 
edifice  and  Camber  well  church  are 
good  examples  of  chancels.  In  the 
one  there  is  no  inconvenience  ;  in  the 
other  I  venture  to  predict  there  will 
be  none. 

I  could  have  wished  your  corre- 
spondent had  shown  the  obvious  rea- 
sons which  he  considers  led  to  the 
adoption  of  deep  chancels,  and  had 
further  shown  how  the  rood-screen 
led  to  the  adoption  of  the  reading- 
desk,  or,  indeed,  that  such  a  piece  of 
church  furniture  arose  prior  to  the  Re- 
formation. In  church  language  read- 
ing-desk is  not  a  correct  phrase,  the 
"  reading- pew,"  which  is  directed  to 
be  in  every  church,  is  a  pew  or  an  en- 
closure to  hold  the  reading-desk, 
which  should  be  the  ancient  lectern, 
which  would  suffice  for  holding  both  the 
Bible  and  Common- prayer  in  a  small 
church;  and  in  a  larger  one,  a  lec- 
tern for  the  prayerbook,  and  an  eagle- 
desk  for  the  scriptures,  with  a  sepa- 
rate desk  for  the  litany. 

The  odious  desk,  or  secondary  pul- 
pit now  in  use,  is  so  modern  that  I 
believe  a  period  of  thirty  years  may 
be  fixed  for  its  existence.  Tne  preach- 
ing desks,  introduced  after  the  Re- 
bellion, were  probably  designed  by 
Wren ;  they  comprise  in  one  the  read- 
ing pew  and  desk,  the  latter  being  fixed 
instead  of  moveable,  as  the  old  lectern 
was,  and  their  general  adoption  has 
arisen  with  the  practice  of  pews  from 
no  other  cause  than  laziness.  The  old 
lecterns  and  eyen  eagle-desks  remaia  in 


many  old  churches,  but  were  probably 
disused  either  at  the  Rebellion  or  the 
Revolution — both  disastrous  periods 
for  the  Church. 

At  the  Reformation  there  were  no 
such  nuisances  as  pews  or  reading- 
desks,  the  churches  were  not  altered 
in  form,  and  the  rood-screen  and  lectern 
remained  as  they  did  before,  with  the 
exception  of  the  mischief  which  was 
perpetrated  by  the  iconoclastic  propen- 
sities of  the  times. 

We  have  then   a    war    of   words 
against    symbolism,     but    can    your 
correspondent   be   blind  to    the   fact 
that  the  principle  of  the  "  three-in- 
one,"  is  constantly  recurring   in  the 
detail  of  our  ancient  churches.  Years 
and  years  ago   your  respected  corre- 
spondent, John  Carter,  a  man  whose 
exertions  have  gone  far  towards  bring- 
ing out  altered  and  better  views  of 
church  architecture,    always  pointed 
out  with  satisfaction  these  highly  and 
symbolical      architectural     windows, 
which  he  designated  "  the  architec- 
tural three- in-one."    Several  fine  ex- 
amples are   now   to   be   seen   in   the 
Lady   Chapel,   and  in    the   deserted, 
and  I  had  almost  said  desecrated,  choir 
of  St.  Mary  Overy's  Priory,   South- 
wark ;    and    others    were    destroyed 
when  the  nave  was  removed.    Of  the 
general  symbolical   character  of   our 
ancient  church  architecture,  no  doubt 
whatever  can  exist.     It  is  one  of  its 
greatest  beauties  ;  and  it  is  pleasing  to 
reflect  that  the  very  stones  are  instruc- 
tive.    I    cannot   help    observing   the 
amusing  mode  in  which  "  Saxon  "  dis- 
poses of  the  steps,  on  the  principle  of 
supposing  the  horse  was  made  for  the 
saddle ;   and  his    explanation    would 
have    been    more   easily    understood 
had  he  confined  himself  to  a  correct 
representation  of  actual  occurrences, 
and  had  written  the  bishop  or  priest, 
and  have  represented  the  three  priests 
officiating  at  the  mass  (and  there  are 
nevermore),  as  the  bishop  or  even  the 
pope  himself  officiates  only  as  a  priest, 
and  the  officiating  clergy  in  a  Roman 
Catholic  church   are  arranged  from 
east  to  west  on  the  altar  steps,  instead 
of  from  north  to  south. 

I  have  no  doubt  the  Society,  to 
which  your  correspondent  deals  out 
his  earnest  entreaty,  have  adhered 
steadily  to  the  plainly  declared  will  of 
the  Church  of  England  \  but  as  there 


372 


The  Cambridge  Camden  Society. 


[Oct. 


arc  more  important  subjects  than 
church  architecture  in  which  that 
will  is  not  by  any  means  plainly  de- 
clared, some  differences  may  arise  on 
such  points.  The  Society  in  question 
will  have  to  encounter  the  obloquy  of 
its  enemies,  and,  what  is  worse,  the 
coldness  of  its  assumed  friends  ;  but 
I  trust  it  will  do  its  duty  firmly 
and  honourably, — not  hurt  or  dis- 
mayed by  the  one — or  thawed  into 
coldness  by  the  other.  1  cannot  bet- 
ter conclude  this  long  and  tedious  let- 
ter than  with  the  closing  sentence  of 
the  last  address  of  the  venerable  and 
orthodox  President  of  the  Society, 
who,  after  alluding  to  the  trials,  the 
benefits  conferred  by,  and  the  pros- 
pects of  those  courageous  men  who 


hold    opinions    in  common  with  the 
Society,  says, 

*'  To  have  seen  and  shared  m  the  en- 
deavours which  have  brought  about  such 
a  restoration  of  the  house  of  God,  such  a 
love  as  well  as  reverence  in  the  common 
people  for  the  church  as  are  generally  at- 
tributed to  these  endeavours,  may  well 
console  a  man  for  being  called  an  Ecclesi- 
ologist,  or  even  by  a  worse  name  than  this 
(a  name  to  which  my  voice  shall  not  give 
currency),  one  which  narrow  or  vi^gar 
minds  would  fain  make  worse  by  uncha- 
ritably profaning  a  name  hallowed  by 
every  meek  and  Christian  virtue,  and  dig- 
nified by  the  highest  intellectual  accom- 
plishments. Such  men  if  I  cannot  love  I 
will  not  fear.  Truth  and  high  purpose 
can  never  be  strengthened  by  their  adhe- 
sion, nor  harmed  by  their  hostility."  * 
Yours,  &c.        E.  I.  C. 


Sequel  to  the  Memoir  of  Major-General Thomas  Dundas.  (See  p.  256.) 

By  Henry  J.  Bradfield,  Esq. 

**  He  was  a  soldier  of  the  noblest  mould ; 
He  lived  with  honouri  and  with  honour  died.'' 


IN  the   September  number  of  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  we  concluded 
this  memoir,  or  rather  that  part  of  it 
relative  to  General  Dundas's  siege  and 
capture   of  Guadaloupe,   where    our 
hero  distinguished  himself  alike  in  the 
"imminent  and  deadly  breach"  as  in 
the   field.      We   trust  we   have   also 
proved  that  which  we  primarily  sought 
to  establish,  viz.  that,  so  far  from  any 
cruelty    being     exercised,     or    other 
measures  resorted  to  by  the  English 
Generals,  or   Admiral   Jervis,   which 
might  warrant  or  afford  an  excuse  for 
retribution  or  retaliation  on  the  part 
of  Victor  Hugues,    they  behaved  in 
a  manner  worthy  their  distinguished 
reputation,  and  sought  by  every  means 
in  their  power  to  adhere  to  the  es- 
tablished system  of  honourable  warfare ; 
while  he,  on  his  part,  not  only  carried 
fire  and  sword  among  the  plantations 
and  the  colonists  without  distinction 
of  age  or  sex,  but  exercised  the  most 
barbarous   and   unheard-of   cruelties 
towards  the  brave  and  devoted  Royal- 
ists  who,   when    the   heat   of  battle 
had  subsided,  had  the  misfortune  to 
fall  into   his    hands.      If  any    thing 

*  Report  of  Cambridge  Camden  So- 
ciety, 11  May,  1843. 


were  wanting  to  stamp  this  vindictive 
monster  with  ignominy,  it  would  have 
been  his  last  act  of  barbarity  towards 
the  remains  of  his  heroic  and  victorious 
opponent. 

We  will  now  pass  to  a  more  pacific 
and  pleasing  task.  We  have  viewed 
the  character  of  General  Dundas  in  the 
field  of  chivalry  ;  we  will  now  take  a 
retrospective  glance  at  him  in  private 
life.  On  this  subject,  unfortunately, 
our  means  are  somewhat  limited,  from 
the  period  of  time  which  has  elapsed, 
and  the  impossibility  of  obtaining  a 
more  concise  detail,  which,  however, 
might  not  be  of  interest  to  the  general 
reader.  Through  the  kindness  of  his 
descendant  Colonel  Thomas  Dundas, 
of  Carron  Hall,  Falkirk,  the  author 
has  been  favoured  with  some  interest- 
ing manuscripts.  The  first  and  most 
important  we  select  is  the  composition 
of  the  General  himself,  the  result  of 
experience  during  his  military  career, 
and  worthy  the  attentive  perusal  of  all 
young  ofiScers  about  to  join  their 
respective  regiments,  and  which  we 
recommend  to  the  notice  and  con- 
sideration of  parents  whose  sons  are 
destined  to  the  military  profession. 
Though  the  epistle  be  of  an  old  date, 
the  moral  apd  hpnourable  precepts  It 


J  843.]  General  Dundass  Advice  to  a  Young  Soldier, 


373 


inculcates  will  be  found  equally  ap- 
plicable to  the  youny  officer  of  the 
present  day.  The  "  Hints  "  appear 
to  have  been  written  specially  for  some 
young  gentlemen  at  that  period  about 
to  join  the  army,  of  the  names  of 
"  Morehead,"  "  Cuninghame,"  "  Fer- 
guson/' &c.  the  latter  of  whom  after- 
wards became  the  brave  distinguished 
Sir  Ronald  Ferguson  ;  and  so  highly 
did  he  prize  the  "  Hints  "  therein  con- 
tained, that,  on  the  son  of  Colonel 
Thomas  Dundas  joining  the  army. 
General  Ferguson  forwarded  him  a 
copy,  with  a  strong  recommendatory 
letter  to  follow  the  precepts  of  his  noble 
grandsire.  This  estimable  young  gentle- 
man, however,  died  a  premature  death, 
though,  doubtless,  had  he  lived,  from 
his  amiable  and  noble  qualities,  he 
would  have  followed  in  the  same  distin- 
guished career,  with  honour  to  himself 
and  family. 
The  "  Hints  "  bear  date 

Carron  Hall,  Oct.  12th,  1789. 
My  young  friend, 

As  you  are  about  to  enter  into  the  pro- 
fession of  a  soldier,  I  think  you  will  take 
in  good  part  a  few  words  of  advice  from 
one  who  wishes  you  sincerely  well,  and 
who  has  spent  most  part  of  his  life  in 
that  profession. 

When  you  join  the  53rd  regiment,  I 
would  recommend  to  you  to  pay  particular 
attention  to  the  advice  and  behaviour  of 
Major  Mathews,  your  commanding  officeri 
as  an  officer  and  gentleman. 

The  other  genUemen  of  the  regiment 
are  probably,  in  general,  very  worthy  of 
your  friendship,  but  I  would  recommend 
before  you  form  any  friendship  or  in- 
timacy, that  you  be  well  informed  as  to 
the  character  and  former  conduct  of  your 
new  friend.  I  believe,  in  general,  you  will 
find  those  who  are  least  worthy  of  friend- 
ship the  most  ready  to  become  intimate. 
A  young  officer  should  study  to  be  polite 
and  attentive  to  all,  but  guarded  in  his 
friendships. 

To  acquire  information  of  your  pro- 
fession should  be  your  first  study  ;  and, 
although  some  parts  of  it  may  appear 
trifling,  yet  you  will  hereafter  find  a  per- 
fect knowledge  of  the  most  minute  parts 
of  use;  therefore,  apply  closely  to  learn  all 
you  can.  I  shall  hereafter  give  you  a 
list  of  useful  common-place  books. 

As  to  your  person,  I  would  recommend 
a  strict  attention  to  neatness  and  uni- 
formity ;  few  clothes,  excepting  what  are 
strictly  agreeable  to  the  orders  of  your 
regiment,  should  be  worn ;  you  should 
never  appear  ^iQTraljT* 


Eat  at  the  regimental  mess :  if  there  are 
two,  prefer  the  first  t  although  the  expense 
should  be  greater,  if  that  expense  is  not 
occasioned  from  drinking.  Always  keep 
the  best  company.  Drunkenness  in  an 
officer  or  a  gentleman  is  a  shamtful  vice  ; 
yet  I  would  not  advise  you  to  be  particular 
in  refusing  your  glass  in  the  company  of 
those  of  whom  you  have  formed  a  good 
opinion  from  just  grounds. 

Never  play :  no  man  can  be  blamed  for 
refusing  to  game  ;  it  is  ruinous,  and  in- 
troduces a  gentleman  to  the  most  worth- 
less company — (except  from  this  cards 
with  the  ladies,  or  whist  with  particular 
friends,  that  may  be  necessary.) 

Be  attentive  to  your  health,  and  should 
you,  by  accident  or  otherwise,  be  unwell, 
lose  not  a  moment  in  applying  to  the 
ablest  person  within  your  reach  for  advice. 
Should  your  constitution  suffer,  (which  is 
often  the  case  from  neglect,)  you  may 
never  recover  it,  and,  of  course,  be  ren- 
dered unable  to  continue  in  your  pro- 
fession, or,  indeed,  in  this  world,  with 
comfort  or  happiness. 

Be  careful  of  your  behaviour  to  young 
ladies,  and  avoid,  as  much  as  possible, 
shewing  any  particular  attachment,  as  a 
young  person  may  consider  you  as  having 
intentions  which  you  do  not  mean.  Re- 
lations and  friends  are  likewise  apt  to 
construe  what  is  meant  as  civility  into 
advances.* 

Let  me  recommend  early  rising  as 
heathful  and  gaining  time,  which,  if  well 
employed,  is  of  great  value. 
Evening  parties  of  men  are  to  be  avoided. 
With  the  reading  of  history,  which  your 
father  has  attended  to,  let  me  advise  your 
acquiring  an  ease  in  the  use  of  your  pen. 
Letter-writing  and  arithmetic  are  of  in- 
finite use  to  an  officer.  These  accomplish- 
ments often  raise  a  man  in  the  army,  and 
most  frequently  make  a  whole  corps  de- 
pendent on  the  person  who  possesses  them. 
In  money  matters  be  correct,  neither 
lavish  nor  narrow.  An  officer  must  he 
an  economist,  but  should  never  do  a 
shabby  thing,  nor  appear  to  make  the 
saving  of  money  an  object  in  his  personal 
expense  ;  it  is  his  duty  to  attend  closely 
to  saving  money  to  those  under  his  com- 
mand. 
Personal  courage  is  indispensably  necea« 


*  How  many  unfortunate  and  fatal 
duels  have  arisen  from  a  misunderstanding 
on  this  important  point ;  and  bow  much 
misery  and  unhappiness  has  been  caused 
from  a  want  of  due  discretion  in  the  man- 
ner of  exercising  that  dvilitj  and  atten- 
tion due  by  courtefy  tQ  the  (iiinr  portioi^ 
Qf  crei(tiQn  1 


374 


Correspondence  of  General  T,  Dundas, 


[Oct. 


sary  for  an  officer ;  and,  as  yon  most  re- 
sent an  aifront,  avoid  attracting  one. 

Always  attend  Divine  service  with  your 
regiment ;  and,  although  yon  find  those 
who  laugh  at  attention  to  religious  duties, 
be  assured  that  they  are  proper  ^  nteeuary^ 
and  becoming^  in  every  man. 

If  you  make  a  constant  rule  to  keep 
account  of  your  expenses  you  will  find  it 
comfortable,  and  attended  with  little 
trouble ;  you  then  know  your  expenses, 
and  may  increase  or  retrench  in  any  part 
as  you  may  find  necessary  or  desirable. 

Upon  joining  your  regiment,  the  com- 
manding offii^nr  will  order  a  steady,  honest 
soldier  to  attend  you.  Employ  him  in 
little  else  but  in  brushing  yonr  clothes, 
and  combing  yonr  hair ;  the  less  yon  trust 
a  servant  you  are  the  more  independent. 
Although  your  father  may  allow  you  a 
horse  with  the  regiment,  I  would  advise 
you  to  keep  none,  as  that  may  lead  yon 
from  a  close  attention  to  your  duty,  which 
i^ould  be  your  first  study,  particularly 
for  some  years. 

These  general  rules,  though  old,  are 
certainly  not  obsolete,  and  (with  the 
exception  of  the  quaint  observation 
about  "combing  the  hair/'  in  the 
days  when  powder  and  "  pigtails " 
were  worn,)  are,  we  apprehend,  per- 
fectly applicable  to  the  period  and 
society  as  at  present  constituted. 

We  now  come  to  the  Correspondence. 
The  first  is  a  letter  written  during  the 
American  war  by  the  General  to  his 
brother  Colonel  Charles  Dundas,  com- 
manding the  80th  foot ;  bearing  date, 

Charles  Town,  May  10th,  1780. 
My  dear  Charles, 

It  would  afford  you  small  entertainment 
to  hear  when  and  how  the  different  ap- 
proaches to  Charles  Town  were  made,  and 
I  am  sure  the  Gazette  will  give  you  a 
much  better  account  than  I  can;  let  it 
suffice  that  we  broke  ground  the  3l8t  of 
March,  at  night,  and  I  think  this  day  will 
make  the  town  ours,  with  littie  loss. 
None  of  your  friends  or  acquaintance  are 
hurt.  You  know  it  is  a  maxim  with  me 
to  write  no  opinions  ;  however,  I  cannot 
help  saying  that  our  General  has  carried 
on  his  affair  with  credit  to  himself  and 
troops,  let  it  end  as  it  may. 

You  will  be  surprised  at  my  writing  to 
you  an  account  of  what  has  not  yet 
happened,  but  I  think  it  is  probable  the 
light  infantry  may  march  so  soon  after  the 
pUce  is  taken,  that  I  may  be  prevented 
saying  that  I  am  well,  which  is  all  I  think 
requisite  upon  this  occasion.  I  approve 
much  of  your  India  plan.  I  think  it 
worthy  of  yourself,  and  a  very  proper 


thing  for  a  young  man.    May  yon  snc- 
ceed  beyond  your  wishes. 

I  am  too  fond  of  my  profession  to  leave 
it  for  any  other.  I  have  got  here  500  light 
infantry  in  order,  for  most  things  they  may 
be  asked  to  do.  I  wish  I  could  say  to 
end  the  war  ;  but  I  believe  you  at  home 
must  do  that.  Now  we  here  have  been 
long  trying  at  it,  and  I  am  sorry  to  say 
when  we  have  got  Charles  Town  we  have 
not  America. 

The  town  is  ours,  witii,  i  ^ifank,  5,000 
prisoners.*  Keith  Blphinstoae  -f  canie« 
home  Sir  Andrew  Hamimd,  and  Lord 
Lincoln,  with  the  news;  it  is  a  great 
stroke.  Colonel  Dalrymple^  is  arrived, 
and  not  a  letter ;  this  I  wonoer  at ;  how- 
ever, no  new*  I  hold  good  news.  Cokmel 
Abercromby  and  m^lf  are  jnat  going  to 
join  Lord  Comwallis  for  a  march  through 
the  country,  wMch  is  now  ours. 

God  bless  you, 
(Signed)    T.  Dundas. 

P.  S.  Call  on  Lord  Lincoln  the  first 
time  you  can.  We  have  spent  some 
happy  hours  together,  even  during  the 
siege. 

The  following  is  9,  kind  and  frank 
acknowledgment  from  his  Grace  of 
Northumberland  on  the  receipt  of  a 
bear,  which  the  Greneral  had  forwarded 
home  from  Nova  Scotia. 

Alnwick  Castle,  July  26,  1788. 
My  dear  Colonel, 

Having  been  at  the  Assizes  at  New- 
castle, I  had  not  the  pleasure  of  receiving 
your  letter  till  my  return  to  this  place. 
Allow  me  to  return  you  [many  thanks  ^for 
the  bear,  for  whom  quarters  are  ordered 
to  be  provided  at  Northumberland  House. 
I  shall  ever  esteem  her  much,  as  a  mark 
of  your  kindness  and  attention  to  me. 

I  am  extremely  glad  to  hear  such  good 

*  From  the  returns  it  would  appear 
6,600  prisoners  were  taken,  400  pieces  of 
cannon,  4  frigates,  several  armed  vessels, 
stores,  &c. 

t  The  Honble.  Keith  Elphhistone, 
commanding  the  Demeraire,  captured  a 
French  frigate  in  the  American  war,  and 
took  home  Sir  Andrew  Hamond  when 
in  command  of  H.  M.  ship  Perseus.  Sir 
A.  Hamond  was  also  a  naval  officer,  and 
commanded  the  Roebuck. 

%  Brigadier  General  Arnold,  in  a  dis- 
patch carried  by  Col.  Lord  Dalrymple 
to  General  Sir  Henry  Clinton,  makes 
honourable  mention  of  Colonels  Dundas 
and  Abercromby,  which  latter  afterwards 
commanded  the  Bombav  army  as  General, 
and  subsequently  fell  noriously  in  Egypt 

as  the  immortal  ISir  iUMpli  tiimwru^* 


184^.] 


Letter  of  Prince  WilUam,  in  1788. 


375 


aooomits  of  onr  new  settlements  in  Nova 
Scotia,  &c.  and  that  they  are  likely  still 
to  improve.  Should  yon  be  tempted  to 
take  a  tour  this  year  into  Scotland,  I  trust 
you  will  not  forget  that  this  place  lies  in 
your  road,  where  you  will  meet  with  a 
hearty  welcome  from 

Your  sincere  friend, 

NonTBUMBBRLAND.'l' 

To  Colonel  Thomas  Dundas^  &c. 

The  next  is  a  letter  from  his  late 
Majesty  William  the  iFoarth,  when 
Duke  of  Clarence,  and  characteristic 
of  his  Royal  Highness's  frankness  as 
a  sailor.  It  was  written  when  in  his 
23rd  year,  and  holding  his  commis- 
sion in  the  British  Navy,t  &&<)  is 
dated 

HaUfaz,  Sept.  25th,  1788. 
Dear  Sir, 

On  the  day  I  arrived  here,  which  was 
the  18th  of  August,  Pemberton  delivered 
to  me  your  letter  of  the  9th  of  June,  for 
which  I  return  you  many  thanks.  I  am 
happy  to  find  the  bust  gave  you  satisfac- 
tion. The  very  minute  account  you  have 
given  yourself  the  trouble  of  drawing  up 
for  me,  will,  I  am  afraid,  be  of  no  use,  as 
this  is  the  last  season  I  spend  in  America ; 
and,  after  cruizing  the  winter  about 
Jamaica,  I  am  next  June  to  return  to 
England,  from  i^hence  I  am  again  to  pro- 
ceed to  the  Mediterranean— however,  I 
cannot  refer  you  to  a  better  man  than  £1- 

phinstone  for  my  movements It 

gave  me  much  satisfaction  to  perceive,  in 
your  last  letter  to  Pemberton,  that  Greneral 
Hope  had  been  received  as  he  ought  to  be. 
I  am  afraid  we  are  not  going  on  in  a 
good  way,  or  likely  to  tidce  the  proper 
steps  in  America.  Lord  Dorchester  1  is 
too  old,  and-^is  a  great  rascal.  In  Nova 
Scotia  there  is  sad  work  about  the  judges 
and  lawyers.  Pemberton  will  give  you 
an  account  of  the  disputes.  The  town  of 
Halifax  is  certainly  very  much  gone  off; 
and  I  believe  all  the  new  setUements, 
except  New  Brunswick,  are  in  a  deplora- 
ble state. 

*  Earl  Percy  distinguished  himself  by 
his  gallantry  during  the  American  war.  In 
1787  we  find  him  in  the  army  list  as 
Lieut. -General  Hugh  Duke  of  Northum- 
berland. 

t  H.  R.  H.  Prince  William  Henry 
joined  the  fleet  at  Portsmouth,  as  a  mid- 
shipman on  board  the  "  Prince  George, 
bearing  the  flag  of  Rear-Admiral  t>igby, 
May  23rd,  1780.»' 

I  General  Sir  Gay  Carleton,  who^  at 
the  period  of  the  signinff  the  Amencan 
Treaty  in  1783,  was  raised  to  the  peerage 
under  the  title  of  Lord  Dorcliefter. 


Upon  the  arrivid  of  the  packet  I  mean 
to  visit  Sydney,  St.  John's  Islands,  and 
Shelburne.  I  have  been  here  five  weeks, 
living  the  usual  Halifax  life,  which  I  mor- 
tally abhor.  I  have  seen  a  great  deal  of 
Pemberton,  and  like  him  vastly.  Sawyer 
was  gone  home  before  I  arrived.  I  am 
afraid  our  friend  ■■    '"  "  feels  very  much 


the  loss  of  Miss  ^^ 


*M 


:  the  Admiral  has 


not  recovered  it. .  . . « .  All  the  rest  go  on 
as  usual.  We  were  very  nearly  losing 
Dalrymple,§  who  was  knocked  down  by  a 
rascidly  seaman:  tiiey  rioted  for  many 
nights,  and  almost  murdered  my  black 
boy :  the  town  is  now  quiet.  Dslrymple 
is  quite  recovered ;  he  is  most  wonderfully 
improved,  and  is  a  great  favourite  of  mine. 
From  the  goodness  of  your  heart,  Dundas, 
I  am  sure  yon  feel  for  poor  Coffin.  || 
Return  my  thanks  to  General  Hope  for 
the  obliging  offer  of  his  house  at  Quebec. 
By  the  bye,  Hastings^  is  married  to  a 
Miss  ■  ;  wish  him  well  on  my  ac- 

count. Say  everything  that  is  right  and 
proper  to  Uie  charming  Lady  Eleanor, 
and  believe  me  when  I  assure  you  both 
that  I  cannot  possibly  forget  your  marked 
attention  and  politeness  to  me  in  Canada, 
and  I  look  forward  with  the  greatest 
pleasure  to  the  time  when  I  shall  have  the 
happiness  of  paying  my  personal  respects. 

I  have  been  waiting  so  long  that  I  am 
heartily  tired,  and  mean  to  proceed  to  sea 
next  Monday  morning,  if  nothing  arrives 
from  England. 

Yours  sincerely, 

William. 

The  concluding  letters  are  of  a  very 
interesting  nature^  in  reference  to  the 
appointment  of  the  General  (then 
Colonel)  to  the  highly  confidential  and 
important  ofilce  of  military  secre* 
tary  to  his  late  Royal  Highness  tiie 
Dake  of  York,  at  the  period  of  the 
contemplated  Regency.  The  following 
bears  no  date,  and  is  written  by  Sir 
Thomas,  afterwards  Lord  Dondas. 
My  dear  Colonel, 

As  tiiere  are  many  arrangements  and 
promotions  to  take  place  in  the  army  de- 
partment  as   soon    as   the  Regency  is 

§  A  Captain  Dalrymple,  in  company 
with  Commodore  Luttrel,  on  the  20tn 
Oct.  1779,  captured  Fort  St.  Fernando 
de  Omao,  and  two  ships  m  the  Bay  of 
Honduras. 

II  Major  Coffin  commanded  the  mounted 
Infantry  of  New  York  volunteers. 

%  Lieut.'Col.  Charles  Hastings  (after- 
wards created  a  Baronet)  married  in  1788 
Miss  Abneyi  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas 
Khnev,  esq.  and  was  fiather  of  the  present 
Sir  Charki  Abney  Haitiiigs. 


376 


Correspondence  of  General  T.  Dundas, 


[Oct. 


settled,  I  think  it  is  of  material  conse- 
quence that  you  should  be  in  town  as 
soon  as  possible ,  particularly  when  I  in- 
form you  that  I  have  heard  your  name 
mentioned  by  great  authority  in  a  manner 
which  shews  me  that  you  are  immediately 
within  the  recollection  of  those  who  will 
have  the  direction  of  such  arrangements. 
I  send  you  this  by  express,  because  the 
Duke  of  York  has  just  now  sent  to  me, 
desiring  I  would  inform  you  that  he 
wishes  to  see  you.  I  have  returned  for 
answer  that  you  are  in  the  country,  but  I 
will  in  the  most  expeditious  manner  in- 
form you  of  H.  R.  H.'s  commands.  With 
best  compts.  to  all  at  Barton  Court, 
Yours,  most  sincerely, 

Thomas  Dukdas. 
P.  S.    Send  the  bearer  back  by  one  of 
the  Bath  coaches. 

As  may  be  anticipated,  the  hint 
contained  in  the  preceding  letter  was 
followed  by  a  direct  communication 
on  the  subject  of  the  military  secre- 
taryship, couched  in  the  following 
terms,  highly  flattering  and  compli- 
mentary to  the  General,  and  charac- 
teristic of  that  generous  discrimina- 
tion of  merit  so  often  exemplified  in 
his  late  Royal  Highness. 

The  letter  bears  date 

Secret  and  confidential, 

London,  Jan)".  26th,  1789. 
My  dear  Tom, 

The  Duke  of  York  is  to  be  appointed 
Commander-in-Chief  as  soon  as  the 
Regency  is  settled.  He  is  determined  to 
have  a  military  man  of  rank  and  charac- 
ter in  his  profession  as  his  confidential 
secretary,  and  the  first  person  who  has 
occurred  to  H.  R.  H.  is  you.  Therefore, 
until  he  has  your  answer  whether  you 
will  accept  or  not,  everything  is  at  a  stand 
which  regards  future  arrangements. 

Fawcett  is  to  remain  Adjutant- General. 
I  cannot  enter  into  further  particulars  in 
a  letter.  In  the  first  place,  send  me  an  os- 
tensible answer  to  this — and  let  me  know, 
in  a  separate  letter,  when  you  mean  to  be 
in  town;  send  both  by  return  of  the 
bearer.  I  write  you  a  separate  letter,  as 
this  must  not  be  communicated  to  any 
person. 

Yours  faithfully, 

Thomas  Dundas. 

The  following  unassuming  letter  is 
from  General  Dundas  to  Lord  Dundas 
on  the  same  subject. 

Barton,  Jan^.  28th,  1789. 
Dear  Sir  Thomas, 
I  have  this  instant  received  your  letter 
by   express.     His    Royal  Highness  the 
Duke  of  York  does  me  great  honour  by 
5 


thinking  of  me  for  a  situation  so  honour- 
able as  that  you  mention,  and  I  request 
that  you  would  assure  His  Royal  High- 
ness that  at  all  times  I  shall  be  happy  to 
obey  his  commands. 

At  the  same  time,  in  the  situation  of 
secretary,  I  am  confident  that  there  are 
many  men  more  capable  than  myself  of 
executing  H.  R.  Highness's  commands. 

I  propose  being  in  London  by  three 
o'clock  to-morrow,  when  I  shall  submit  to 
you  my  thoughts  on  this  subject. 
•  «  •  • 

The  following  letter  is  from  his 
brother.  Col.  Charles  Dundas,  on  the 
same  subject,  and  by  its  tenor  it  would 
appear  that  the  General,  acting  on  the 
modest  difi&dence  expressed  in  the  pre- 
ceding letter,  was  disposed  to  refuse 
the  proffered  distinction. 

Barton  Court,  Wednesday  evening. 
Dear  Tom, 

1  received  the  enclosed  letter  from  Sir 
Thomas  this  instant ;  it  concerns  you  so 
much  that  I  could  not  avoid  sending  it  to 
you.  In  my  last  letter  (which  contained 
more  nonsense  than  I  can  now  excuse, 
when  I  am  informed  how  very  serious 
this  subject  is,)  I  said,  what  I  am  afraid  is 
too  true,  that  you  cannot  with  propriety 
refuse  the  situation  which  is  held  out  to 
you.  As  far  as  I  can  judge  of  that  situa- 
tion, there  is  no  man  in  your  profession 
more  fit  for  it.  If  any  fresh  objection 
has  occurred  to  you  I  will  with  pleasure 
attend  your  summons  by  coming  to  Lon- 
don ;  but,  if  no  greater  difficulties  attend 
the  business  of  Secretary  to  H.  R.  High- 
ness than  what  we  knew  when  you  were 
here,  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  you 
ought  to  accept  it. 

This  step  will  most  certainly  secure  to 
you  that  rank  in  your  profession  to  which 
in  every  respect  you  are  so  justly  en- 
titled. The  refusal  may  have  a  contrary 
effect.  To  come  to  London  for  the  pur- 
pose of  surprising  you  into  a  step  which 
you  may  afterwards  repent  of  is  what  I 
will  not  do,  but  allow  me  to  beg  you  will 
not  give  a  refusal  to  your  friends  until  we 
have  met. 

By  the  return  of  post  you  may  call  me 
to  London,  unless  your  previous  accept- 
ance renders  my  journey  unnecessary. 
The  enclosed  will  explain  to  you  why  I 
press  this  business. 

I  trust  I  hold  every  idea  of  interest  to 
you,  to  Sir  Thomas,  and  to  myself,  com- 
pletely out  of  the  question,  when  I  say 
you  have  nothing  to  dread  in  the  offer 
which  is  made  to  you :  in  that  I  judge 
from  your  knowledge  of  your  profession, 
from  the  manner  in  which  the  offer  is 
made  to  you,  and  also  from  my  idea  of  the 


1843.] 


Corre$ponienee  of  General  T.  Dundas. 


m 


btuiness  which  is  expected  jfrom  yoa ;  but, 
if  you  are  not  positively  determined  to 
refase,  let  me  hear  from  you  by  the  re- 
turn of  the  post,  in  consequence  of  which 
you  shall  see  me  in  town.  Mrs.  D.  joins 
me  in  every  good  wish. 

Believe  me  to  be,  my  dear  Tom, 
Your  affectionate  brother, 

Charles  Dundas. 

The  above  letter  contains  more  of 
moral  than  positive  persuasion,  and  is 
in  every  respect  worthy  of  a  brother, 
breathing  throughout  a  sincere  con- 
sideration for  his  welfare,  without 
being  burdened  with  an  undue  in* 
fluence  to  induce  him  to  assume  "  the 
honours  of  office." 

It  would  appear,  however,  from  the 
following  letter,  that  this  appeal 
was  of  no  avail,  and  that  the  extreme 
diffidence  of  the  General,  as  to  his  ca- 
pabilities for  so  responsible  an  office, 
overcame  all  remonstrance  or  expos- 
tulation on  the  part  of  those  who 
Jcnew  his  talents  adequate  to  that  dis- 
tinguished office  ;  but  *'  of  their  own 
merits  modest  men  are  dumb,"  and 
upon  this  plea  alone  can  we  account 
for  his  resolution  to  decline. 

The  letter  in  question,  and  the  last 
We  possess  on  the  subject,  is  from  Sir 
Thomas  to  his  brother.  Colonel  Charles 
Dundas,  dated  Feb.  3rd,  1789. 

My  dear  Charles, 

I  cannot  express  to  you  the  anxiety  of 
mind  I  am  under  at  present,  lest  your 
brother,  from  a  diflSdence  of  his  own 
abilities,  amounting  to  the  extreme  of  false 
delicacy,  should  refuse  a  situation  as  Se- 
cretary to  the  Duke  of  York  when  Com- 
mander-in-Chief, to  which  he  has  been 
called  by  the  joint  approbation  of  the 
whole  Army.  It  is  but  a  bad  compliment 
to  the  understanding  of  the  Duke  of 
Portland,  Lord  Fitzwilliam,  Wm.  Adam, 
and  myself,  that  he  puts  his  own  opinion 
in  competition  with  ours,  and  his  own 
resolution  in  opposition  to  our  joint  effort 
to  convince  him  that,  in  justice  to  himself 
in  the  first  instance,  to  the  Duke  of  York 
and  to  us  his  friends,  that  he  ought  and 
must  accept. 

Certainly  we  would  not  advise  him  to 
engage  in  a  business  that  we  thought  there 
was  the  smallest  doubt  of  his  not  exe- 
cuting properly.  We  have  asked  him  to 
state  his  diffidence  to  the  Duke,  and  ask 
leave  to  retire  tf  he  finds  the  business  too 
much  for  him ;  but  he  says  no.  In  short, 
he  is  upon  the  brink  of  hurting  himself 
materially,  not  oidy  in  the  opinion  of  his 
friends,  but,  I  am  afraid.  In  the  line  of 

Gbht.  Mao.  To£.  XX. 


his  profession.  I  really  cannot  think  of 
subjecting  you  to  the  situation  I  am  re* 
duced  to  myself  in  argument  with  him, 
otherwise  I  should  have  said,  come  to 
town  the  instant  you  receive  this.  Best 
compts* 

Yours  ever, 
Thomas  Dundas. 

Whether  the  Colonel  would  ulti- 
mately  have  been  prevailed  on  to  ac- 
cept office  we  cannot  determine,  as 
the  recovery  of  the  King's  health  at 
this  period  settled  the  question  of  the 
Regency.  From  what  we  have  hitherto 
seen  of  his  character,  however,  we 
should  imagine  that  he  preferred  the 
sword  to  the  pen,  the  active  and 
stirring  life  of  the  soldier  to  the  more 
sedentary  one  of  a  military  diplomatist, 
and  that,  to  use  his  own  words  in  his 
letter  to  his  brother  Charles,  "  I  am 
too  fond  of  my  profession  (the  soldier 
in  the  field)  to  leave  it  for  any  other." 

And  so  he  proved ;  for,  instead  of 
basking  in  the  sunshine  of  royalty,  he 
preferred  the  nobler  office  of  bearing 
a  "  conspicuous  part "  in  the  conquest 
of  the  French  West  India  Islands,  and 
to  which  he  "mainly  contributed;" 
and  although,  to  use  the  words  of  the 
orator,  "  he  did  not  die  in  battle,  he 
died  in  the  service  of  his  country ;" 
and  for  those  brilliant  services  his 
country  was  not  ungrateful. 

To  the  Commanders-in-chief  both  of 
the  army  and  navy  costly  services  of 
plate  were  presented,  while  on  the 
20th  of  May,  1794,  the  following  re- 
solutions  were  moved  in  the  Com- 
mons, and  carried  unanimously  : — 

Resolved, — ^That  the  thanks  of  this 
House  be  given  to  General  Sir  Charles 
Grey,  Knight  of  the  most  honourable 
order  of  the  Bath,  for  his  late  able,  gal- 
lant, and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  West 
Indies. 

That  the  thanks  of  this  House  be  given 
to  Admiral  Sir  John  Jervis,*  Knight  of 
the  most  honourable  order  of  the  Bath, 
for  his  late  able,  gallant,  and  meritorious 
conduct  in  the  West  Indies. 

That  the  thanks  of  thb  House  be  given 
to  Lieut. -General  Prescott,  H.R.H.  Ma- 
jor-General  Prince  Edward,  and  Major. 
General  Thomas  Dundas,  and  to  the 
several  officers  of  the  army  under  the 
command  of  Sir  Charles  Grey,  for  their 
late  gallant  and  meritorious  exertions  in 
the  West  Indies. 

That  the  thanks  of  this  House  be  given 

*  Created  Earl  St.  Vincent  afterwards. 
30 


378 


Memoir  of  General  T.  Duhdas. 


[Octi 


io  Rear-Admiral  Thompson,  and  tbe 
seTeral  captains  and  officers  of  the  fleet 
under  the  command  of  Sir  John  Jervis, 
for  their  late  gallant  and  meritorious  ex- 
ertions in  the  West  Indies. 

That  this  House  doth  highly  approve 
and  acknowledge  the  services  of  the  non- 
commissioned officers  and  private  soldiers 
in  the  army  serving  under  Sir  Charles 
Grey  in  the  West  Indies ;  and  that  the 
same  be  signified  to  them  by  the  com- 
manders of  the  several  corps,  who  are 
desired  to  thank  them  for  their  gallant 
l^ehaviour. 

That  this  House  doth  highly  approve 
and  acknowledge  the  services  of  the 
sailors  and  marines  on  board  the  fleet 
under  the  command  of  Sir  John  Jervis  in 
the  West  Indies  ;  and  that  the  same  be 
signified  to  them  by  the  captains  of  the 
several  ships,  who  are  desired  to  thank 
them  for  their  gallant  behaviour. 

Ordered,— That  Mr.  Speaker  do  signify 
the  said  Resolutions  to  Sir  Charles  Grey 
and  Sir  John  Jervis. 

In  reference  to  the  unfounded  alle- 
gations brought  forward  by  a  worth- 
less set  of  "  smugglers  and  traitors/' 
as  Admiral  Rodney  called  them,  the  fol- 
lowing high  eulogium  was  expressed  by 
those  great  orators  and  patriots,  She- 
rjdan  and  Fox,  in  the  debate  in  ques- 
tion, June  5th,  1795,  on  Mr.  Barbara's 
motion  of  censure,  which  was  tri- 
umphantly negatived  by  a  majority 
of  50. 

Mr.  Sheridan  "complimented  Mr, 
Dundas  for  the  fair  and  manly  manner 
in  which  he  had  come  forward  in  de- 
fence of  gallant  officers,  whom  it  was 
the  duty  of  ministers  who  employed 
them  to  protect.  The  country  at  large 
would  rejoice  to  hear  that  there  was 
not  the  shadow  of  a  foundation  for  the  as- 
persions that  had  been  so  long  circu- 
lated against  the  characters  of  Sir 
Charles  Grey  and  Sir  John  Jervis." 

Mr.  Fox  said,  "  to  move  a  vote  of 
disapprobation,  and  to  enter  into  va- 
rious allegations  of  f Acts  not  to  be  found 
in  the  papers  before  the  House,  with- 
out allowing,  by  a  motion  of  inquiry, 
a  fair  opportunity  of  repelling  those 
allegations,  must  be  construed  into  a 
direct  attack  upon  the  characters  of 
most  meritorious  officers.  The  cap- 
ture of  Martinique*  was  one  of  those 


•  The  same  eulogium  may  as  deservedly 
be  applied  to  General  Dundas,  in  the  cap- 
ture of  Guadaloupe. 


instances  of  prompt  decision,  mixed 
with  prudence,  which  characterised 
the   military  conduct  of  Sir  Charles 

Grey." 

So  far  from  any  culpability  being 
attached  to  the  Commander-in-chief, 
Mr.  C.  Dundas,  during  the  debate, 
rjead  the  following  passage  from  a  letter 
addressed  to  General  Thomas  Dundas 
by  Sir  Charles  Grey,  on  the  conduct 
to  be  pursued  in  the  conquered 
islands : — 

**  With  respect  to  booty,  I  wish  there 
were  no  such  thing ;  I  am  heartily  rick 
of  it.  We  must  take  care  that  nothing 
be  done  to  tarnish  the  honour  and  glory 
of  the  brilliant  actions  performed  by  you 
and  the  brave  troops."  And  that  **  the 
advisers  of  violent  measures  ought  to  be 
listened  to  with  great  caution,  that,  as 
most  of  their  information  comes  from 
Frenchmen  who  had  been  emigrants,  it 
was  to  be  received  with  distrust ;  and  that 
such  of  them  as  were  disposed  to  violence 
should  be  permitted  to  quit  the  islands." 

We  trust  this,  with  the  previous  ob- 
servations, will  throw  a  veil  over  even 
"the  shadow  of  a  foundation"  for 
censure  or  reproach. 

On  the  same  day,  in  Parliament, 
Mr.  Secretary  Dundas  (then  Treasurer 
of  the  Navy),  after  pronouncing  a 
eulogium  to  the  memory  of  General 
Dundas,  alluded  to  the  treatment 
which  his  remains  had  experienced 
from  the  French.  They  had  attempted 
to  fix  the  charge  of  cruelty  upon  the 
character  of  the  General,  "  who  to 
the  greatest  gallantry  added  the  most 
amiable  of  dispositions,  and  the  most 
gentle  manners.  He  had  now  risen 
to  move  that  a  monument  should  be 
erected  to  his  memory.  He  was  aware 
that  these  motions  had  only  been  made 
in  cases  of  the  most  brilliant  success  ; 
but  he  was  persuaded  that  to  the  loss 
of  that  brave  General  might,  in  a  great 
measure,  be  ascribed  the  calamities 
which  had  followed  in  the  West  In- 
dies." 

The  Honble.  Member  then  con- 
cluded with  moving,  "  That  a  humble 
address  be  presented  to  his  Majesty, 
that  he  would  be  most  graciously, 
pleased  to  give  directions  that  a  mo- 
nument be  erected  in  the  cathedral 
church  of  St.  Paul's,  London,  to  the 
memory  of  Major-General  Thomas 
Dundas,  as  a  testimony  of  the  grate- 
ful sense  entertained  by  this  House  of 


1843.] 


Memoir  of  General  T,  Dundas. 


379 


the  eminent  services  he  has  rendered 
to  his  country*  particularly  in  the  re- 
duction of  the  French  West  India 
Islands*  which  occasioned  the  gross 
insult  offered  to  his  remains  in  the 
island  of  Guadaloupe." 

Mr.  Manning  seconded  the  motion 
in  a  few  words  expressive  of  his  sense 
of  "  the  merits  of  the  illustrious  com- 
mander." 

General  Tarleton*  added  his  testi- 
mony to  that  which  had  already  been 
given  in  honour  of  General  Dundas* 
and  referred  to  an  action  in  America 
in  1781,  in  which  "he  particularly 
distinguished  himself  when  opposed  to 
the  Marquis  de  Lafayette/*  The  Ge- 
neral spoke  at  considerable  length  on 
"the  amiable  manners,  bravery*  and 
gallant  conduct  of  General  Dundas  ;** 
and  called  the  attention  of  the  House 
in  particular  to  the  action  above  al- 
luded to*  fought  in  the  province  of 
Virginia,  in  which  he  "  displayed  the 
most  consummate  bravery*  skill*  and 
ability ;  on  which  occasion  the  British 
were  victorious,  and  the  whole  merit 
was  due  to  his  deceased  friend. *'t 

*  On  referring  to  the  history  of  that 
period,  we  find  General  (then  Colonel) 
Tarleton,  much  distinguished  himself  in 
command  of  the  British  Legion.  On  the 
22nd  July,  1779,  he  defeated  a  party  of 
Americans  in  the  province  of  New  York. 
May  22,  1780,  he  again  defeats  a  body  of 
Americans  at  South  Carolina,  under  Ge- 
neral Sempter;  and  again,  on  the  18th 
Aug.  February  1,  and  March  2.  On 
these  three  occasions  he  defeats  the  Ame- 
rican forces ;  and  on  the  23rd  June  destroys 
1000  stand  of  arms,  450  barrels  of  powder* 
stores,  &c.  in  Virginia. 

t  In  this  brilliant  affair,  which  took 
place  near  James's  Island,  Colonel  Dun- 
das commanded  a  brigade,  consisting  of 
the  43rd,  76th,  and  80th  regiments  ;  and 
when  the  Marquis  Lafayette  attempted  to 
prevent  the  passage  of  the  British  army 
to  the  island.  Colonel  Dundas  with  his 
brigade  defeated  him  with  considerable 
loss.  Earl  Cornwallis,  in  his  despatch  to 
Sir  Henry  CUnton,  dated  Cobham,  July 
8th,  1781,  thus  expresses  himself  :— 

**  I  cannot  sufficiently  commend  the 
spirit  and  good  behaviour  of  the  officers 
and  soldiers  of  the  whole  army  ;  but  the 
76th  and  80th  regiments,  on  whom  the 
brunt  of  the  action  fell,  had  an  opportunity 
of  distinguishing  themselves  particularly* 
and  Lieut. -Colonel  Dundas's  conduct  and 
gallantry  deserve   the    highest   praise." 


Mr.  Wilberforce  agreed  most  cor- 
dially with  the  vote  of  thanks  to 
General  Dundas*  of  whose  conduct  he 
spoke  in  the  highest  terms. 

Colonel  Maitland  and  General  Smith 
supported  the  motion.  The  question 
bemg  put*  was  carried  unanimously* 
when 

Mr.  Charles  Dundas  "  begged  leave 
to  return  his  warmest  thanks  for  the 
honour  they  had  done  to  the  memory 
of  his  deceased  brother.  He  had  left 
behind  him  a  numerous  family ;  he 
hoped  they  would  emulate  the  virtues 
of  their  father.  By  the  motion  which 
they  had  now  passed,  the  House  had 
restored  to  his  family  the  comfort 
which  had  been  wrested  from  them  by 
the  wanton  attack  of  an  individual 
(alluding  to  the  conduct  of  Victor 
Hugues  at  Guadaloupe)." 

We  now  conclude  this  brief  but 
honest  memoir  of  a  brave  and  devoted 
defender  of  his  country,  and  regret  our 
inability  to  do  sufficient  justice  to  the 
memory  of  one  so  distinguished.  An 
enthusiastic  feeling  for  his  merits 
on  the  discovery  of  the  tablet  in  Tri- 
nidad,|  and  indignation  at  the  cowardly 
act  of  feudal  barbarism  perpetrated 
on  the  part  of  Victor  Hugues — 

*  * Whose  name 

Shall  rot  in  its  oblivion  in  the  sink 
Of  worthless  dust  I  .  .  .  but  the  link 
Thou  formest  in  his  fortunes,  bids  us  think 
Of  thy  poor   malice,  naming  thee  with 
scorn!" 

induced  me  to  offer  this  humble  tri- 
bute to  the  memory  of  General  Dundas* 
whose  monQment  in  the  cathedral  of 
St.  Paul's  stands  not  only  as  a  proud 
record  of  his  services*  but  also  as  a 
sincere  and  patriotic  tribute  from  a 
grateful  country  to  one  of  her  most 
distinguished  sons  and  warriors. 


Sir  Henry  Clinton,  in  one  of  his  despatches, 
alluding  to  Colonel  Dundas,  eulogises  him 
as  "an  officer  of  great  experience  and 
distinguished  merit,  in  whom  he  placed 
implicit  confidence.** 

t  It  may  be  gratifying  to  my  readers  to 
learn  that  this  monumental  tablet  has 
been  restored,  and  is  now  erected  in  a 
conspicuous  situation  in  the  Protestant 
cathedral  of  Trinidad,  near  that  of  the 
noble-minded  and  generous  hearted  Go- 
vernor Sir  Ralph  WoodforcU  the  only 
real  Governor  the  isle  of  Trinidad  Has  yet 
had  die  good  fortune  to  possets. 


380 


RETROSPECTIVE  REVIEW. 


A  Satire  upon  fVoUey  and  the  Romish  Clergy,    By  William  Roy. 

Sine  anno  vel  loco,  pp.  144. 

{Continued from  p,  272.) 


"  HERE  foloweth  a  brefe  dialogue  betwene  two  Prestes  servaunts  named 
Watkyn  and  Jeffraye." 

The  dialogue  begins  with  an  inquiry  concerning  the  death  of  the  "  Masse," 
and  an  account  of  its  support  by  the  Priests. 

And  namly,  one  that  is  the  chefe. 
Which  is  not  fedd  so  ofte  with  rost  befe 
As  with  rawe  motten ;  so  God  helpe  me. 
Whose  mule,  yf  it  shoulde  be  solde, 
So  gayly  trapped  with  velvet  and  golde. 

And  geven  to  us  for  oure  schare, 
I  durst  ensure  thd  one  thynge, 
As  for  a  competent  iyvynge 

This  seven  yeare  we  shulde  not  care. 

Wat.  asks  his  name,  to  which  Jeff,  replies, 

Mary,  some  call  him  CamaU,* 
And  some  saye  he  is  the  devill  and  all, 
Patriarcke  of  all  wickedness ! 

Jeff,  then  asks  where  the  Mass  was  destroyed,  to  which  Wat.  replies. 

In  Strasbrughe,  that  noble  town, 
A  cit^  of  most  famous  renowne, 
Wheare  tiie  Gospel  is  freely  preached. 

And  for  the  adversaries  of  the  Masse^ 

Truly  there  were  darkes  many  one. 
And  gretly  learned  everychone, 

Whose  names  my  memory  do  passe  t 
Howe  be  it,  Hedius,  Batzer,  and  Capito, 
Celarius,  Symphorian,  and  another  mo, 

In  dede  were  reputed  the  cheefe. 

And  were  there  no  monks  and  friars,  asks  Jeff.,  to  support  the  Masse? 

Tosshe,  there  were  fryers  two  or  thre, 
In  fayth,  as  grett  panched  as  he, 

With  bellies  more  then  a  barell ; 
Which,  for  all  their  learned  strengthe, 
Wee  so  confounded  there,  at  lengthe, 

That  they  gave  over  their  quarell. 

9|t  V  «  « 


Jeff,  asks. 


Meddled  nott  Eratmua  in  this  matter, 
Which  so  craftely  can  flatter 
With  cloked  dissimulaoion  ? 
PTa/.— He  was  busy  to  make  will  fre ; 
A  thynge  not  possible  to  be 
After  wyse  clerkis  estimation ; 


*  A  contraction  of  Cardinall, 


1843.]  Roy's  Satire  upon  Wol$ey.  381 

Wherfor  he  intermitted  lytle 
As  concemynge  the  Massis  tytle. 

With  eny  maner  assercion. 
He  feareth  greatly,  some  men  saye, 
Yf  Masse  shulde  utterly  decaye. 

Least  he  shnlde  lose  his  pension ; 
Notwithstondyoge,  he  hath  in  his  hedde 
Soche  an  opinion  of  the  God  of  bredde, 

That  he  wolde  lever  dye  a  marter 
Then  ever  he  wolde  be  of  this  consentt  * 

That  Christ  is  not  theare  corporally  present, 

In  bredde,  wyne,  and  water. 
Also  he  hath  geven  soche  a  laudacion 
Unto  the  ydols  of  abominacion. 

In  his  glosynge  pistles  before-tyme ; 
That  yf  he  shulde  wother  wyse  reclame, 
Men  wolde  impute  unto  his  blame, 

Of  unstable  inconstancy  the  cryme. 

Among  the  sapporters  of  the  Masse  was   Johannes    Oochlseas,  a  high 
German,  opposer  of  the  Reformation,  and  a  good  scholar. 

«/i^.-— Neverthelesse,  amonge  this  araye 

Was  there  not  theare  one  called  Coelaytf 

A  littell,  pratioge,  foolyshe  poade ; 
But,  all  though  his  stature  be  small, 
Yett  men  saye  he  lacketh  no  galle, 
More  yenemous  than  any  toade,  &c. 

The  speakers  then  consider,  since  Masse  is  dead,  what  is  best  for  them   to 
do  for  themselves, 

J^, — ^Then,  mate,  I  put  th^  oute  of  doute, 
It  is  goode  that  we  loke  aboute 
Least  we  aolfe  a  newe  lesson ; 
Howe  be  it,  howe  longe  will  it  be, 
Or  ever  that  we  shall  see 

Of  this  dedde  Masse  the  buriall  ? 

He  then  proposes  to  bury  him  at  Canterbury. 

Nowe,  after  my  foolishe  coigectnre. 
They  coulde  not  for  his  sepulture 

Deryse  a  belter  place  to  have ; 
Also  theare  is  Sayncte  Thomas  schryne, 
Of  precious  stones  and  golde  fyne, 

Wherein  the  Masse  they  maye  laye  ; 
Whereof  the  ryches  incomprehensible 
(As  it  is  spoken  by  persons  credible) 

Myght  an  emperor's  raunsome  paye. 
Moreover  theare  is  the  Cardinall, 
Of  whose  pompe  to  make  rehearsal], 

It  passeth  my  capacity : 
With  stately  bissoppes  a  greate  sorte, 
Which  kepe  a  mervelous  porte 

Concemynge  worldly  royalty,  &c. 

Jeffrey  then  asks  Wat.  if  he  knew  what  they  did  to  the  GospeL 

They  sett  nott  by  the  Gospell  a  flye ; 
Diddest  thou  not  heare  whiatt  villuiy 
They  did  unto  the  Gospell  ? 
W, — ^Why,  did  they  agaynst  Mm  conspyre  ? 
J, — By  my  trothe  they  sett  hym  a  fyre 

Openly  in  London  citd. 
IT.— Who  craieth  it  to  be  done  ? 


382  RiTROSPECTiYB  Reyiew.  [Oct. 

J, — In  sothe,  the  Bisshope  of  London, 

With  the  Cardinall's  authority, 
Which  at  Paulis-Crosse  emestly 
Denounced  it  to  be  heresy, 

That  the  Gospell  shuld  come  to  lyght. 
Callinge  them  heretickes  execrable, 
Whiche  caused  the  Gospell  yenerable 

To  come  unto  laye-men^s  syght. 
He  declared  there,  in  his  fdriousnes. 
That  he  fownde  erroures,  more  and  lea, 

AboTe  thre  thousande  in  the  translacion  ; 
Howe  be  it,  when  all  came  to  pas, 
I  dare  say  unable  he  was 

Of  one  erroure  to  make  probacion. 
'  Alas  1  he  sayde,  masters  and  frendes, 
Consyder  well  nowe  in  your  myndes, 

These  heretyckes  dil^ently  ; 
They  saye,  that  commen  women 
ShaU  assone  come  unto  Heyen 

As  those  that  lyve  perfectly.' 

Wat.  says  that  there  is  nothing  here  advanced  but  what  is  in  St.  Matthew. 

Jeff, — For  all  that  ht^  sayde  in  his  sermone, 

Rather  then  the  Gospell  shoulde  be  comone, 

Bryngyne  people  into  erroure  ; 
He  wolde  gladly  soffre  marterdome. 
To  upholde  the  devyls  fredome, 

Of  whom  he  is  confessoure,  &c. 

But  Wat.  maintains  that  the  Mass  and  its  falsehood  raost  perish. 

Therfor  whyther  they  will  or  nill, 
Yf  it  be  the  holy  Gospel's  will 

Masse  in  Englonde  to  bury : 
Lett  them  crake  untill  they  burst, 
Doyng  their  best  and  their  wurst, 

///  aoayleth  nott  a  chery,  &c 

Now  comes  the  description  of  Henry  VIIL  and  Cardinal  Wolsey. 

Wat. — ^Haye  they  not  in  Englande  a  Kynge  ? 
Jeff, — Alas  1  manne,  speake  not  of  that  thynge. 
For  it  goeth  to  my  yerye  harte  ; 
And  I  shall  showe  thd  a  cause  whye, 
There  is  no  prynce  under  the  skye 

That  to  compare  with  hym  is  able  : 
A  goodly  persone  he  is  in  stature, 
Endued  with  all  gyftes  of  nature, 

And  of  gentylness  incomparable. 
In  sondrye  sciences  he  is  sene ; 
Havynge  a  ladye  to  his  Qwenef 

Example  of  womanlye  behayeoure  ; 
Notwithstandynge,  for  all  this. 
By  the  Cardinall  ruled  he  is. 

To  the  distayninge  of  his  honoure. 
Wat, — Doeth  he  folowe  the  Cardinale's  intente  ? 
J. — ^Yee,  and  that  the  commoners  repente, 

With  many  a  wepynge  teare. 
W, — ^The  Cardinall  yexeth  tbeym  than  ? 
c/.— Alas !  sens  Englande  fyrst  began 

Weis  never  soche  a  tyrant  tbeare ; 
By  his  pryde  and  fallce  treachery. 
Whoredom  and  baudy  leachery, 
He  hath  bene  so  intollerable, 

*  t.  e.  Bishop  of  London.  f  Catharine  of  Ari*agon. 


184a.]  Roy*s  Suiire  upon  Wohey.  883 

That  poore  commens,  with  their  wyves, 
In  maner  are  weary  of  their  lyves, 

To  se  the  londe  so  miserable. 
Through  all  the  londe  he  caused  perjury, 
And  afterwarde  toke  awaye  their  money, 

Procedynge  most  tyrannously : 
The  poure  people,  nedy  and  bare. 
His  cruell  herte  wolde  nott  spare, 

Leavynge  them  in  greate  misery ; 
Insomoche,  that  for  lacke  of  fode, 
Creatures  bought  with  Christis  blode 

Were  fayne  to  dye  in  petous  cas. 
Also,  a  ryght  noble  prince  of  fieime, 
Henry  the  Duke  of  Buckyng^iln6* 

He  caused  to  dye,  alas !  alas  I  *  * 

The  goodes  that  he  thus  gaddered, 
Wretchedly  he  hath  scattered. 

In  causes  nothynge  expedient. 
To  make  wyndowes,  walles,  and  dores, 
And  to  meynteyne  baudes  and  whores, 

A  grett  parte  therof  is  spent,  &c.  &c. 

Jeffrey  then  enumerates  Wolsey's  various  titles,  honours,  and  posts,  and  his 
intrigues  regarding  Catharine's  divorce. 

J^. but  the  Butcher  doth  fayne 

That  the  goode  ladye  is  barayne, 
Lyke  when  past  chylde  bearynge. 
fFi — Had  the  Kynge  never  chylde  by  her  ? 
/.—No  man  sawe  ever  goodlyer 

Then  those  which  she  forth  did  brynge. 
TV, — Is  there  eny  of  them  alyve  ? 
J. — ^Ye,  a  Princesit  whom  to  descrjrve 
It  were  herde  for  an  oratoure. 
She  is  but  a  chylde  of  age. 
And  yett  she  is  both  wyse  and  sage, 

Of  very  beautifull  feavoure ; 
Perfectly  she  doth  represent 
The  singular  graces  excellent 

Bothe  of  father  and  mother. 
Howe  be  it,  all  this  nott  regardynge, 
The  Carter  of  Yorcke  is  meddelynge 
Forto  divorce  theym  a-sonder. 
W, — ^Are  nott  the  nobles  herewith  offended  ? 
/. — Yes !  but  it  can  not  be  amended, 

As  longe  as  he  is  ruler. 
TV, — I  thynke  the  Queue  is  not  faulty. 
But  hathe  done  ynough  of  her  party, 
Yf  it  had  pleased  Goddis  benifeo«ace. 
/.—None  is  faulty  but  the  Butcher, 
Whom  Almyghty  God  doth  suffer 
To  scourge  the  people's  offense,  &c. 

Wat.  then  mentions  the  Cardinal's  foundation  of  Christ's  Church  at  Oxford ; 
to  which  Jeff,  replies, — 

I  will  not  saye  but  it  be  true. 

That  ther  be  men  of  greet  science, 
Howe  be  it,  where  pryde  is  the  begynnynge, 
The  devill  is  commonly  the  endynge, 

As  we  se  by  experience. 

• 

*  Not  Henry,  but  Edward  Duke  of  Buckingham,  according  to  Lord  Herbert  and 
others,  was  impeached  and  brought  to  the  blo(£  by  Wolsey's  means  in  1581. 

t  Princess  Mary,  bom  1516,  circa  14.    On  her  beauty,  see  J«  Heywood's  deiovip*' 
tion  of  this  princess  in  Royal  Authors,  i.  p.  80. 


384  RsTROflPECTivs  Rsvifiw.*— Roy*8  Satire.  {Oct; 

And  yf  thou  consider  well, 
Eyen  as  the  towre  of  Babell 

Began  of  a  presompcion  : 
So  this  Colledge,  I  dare  undertake, 
Which  the  Cardinall  doth  make, 

Shall  confiinde  religion : 
What  is  it  to  se  dogges  and  cattes, 
Gargell  haddes,  *  and  cardinall  hattes, 

Paynted  on  walles  with  moche  cost ; 
Which  ought  of  dut^  to  be  spent 
Upon  poure  people  indigent, 

For  lacke  of  fode  utterly  lost,  &c. 

Je£frey  then  describes  Wolsey's  treatment  of  the  people^  by  his  fabe  scribes, 
clerks^  &c.  when  Wat.  asks^ 

Doth  he  use  then  on  mules  to  ryde  ? 
Jejf^. — Ye,  and  that  with  so  shamfull  pryde. 

That  to  tell  is  not  possible. 
More  lyke  a  god  celestiall, 
Than  eny  creature  mortall, 

With  worldly  pompe  incredible. 
Before  him  rydeth  two  prestes  stronge. 
And  they  beare  two  crosses  ryght  longe, 

Gapynge  in  every  man's  face. 
After  them  folowe  two  laye-men  secular, 
And  cache  of  them  holdynge  a  pillar 

In  their  hondes,  steade  of  a  mace. 
Then  foloweth  my  Lorde  on  his  mule. 
Trapped  with  golde  under  her  cule, 

In  every  poynt  most  curiously ; 
On  each  syde  a  poUaxe  is  borne. 
Which  in  none  wother  use  are  wome, 

Pretendynge  some  hid  mistery* 
Then  hath  he  servaunts  five  or  six  score. 
Some  behynde  and  some  before, 

A  manrelous  grete  company  : 
Of  which  are  lordes  and  gentlemen. 
With  many  gromes  and  yemen. 

And  also  knaves  amonge. 
Thus  dayly  he  procedeth  forthe. 
And  men  must  take  it  at  worthe 

Whether  he  do  right  or  wronge  : 
A  grett  carle  he  is  and  a  fieitt, 
Wearynge  on  his  hed  a  red  hatt,t 

Procured  with  angeb*  subsidy. 
And  as  they  say,  in  time  of  rayne, 
Power  of  his  gentlemen  were  niyne 

To  holde  over  it  a  cannopy. 
Besyde  this,  to  tell  thd  more  newes, 
He  hathe  a  payre  of  costly  shewes,! 

Which  sildom  touche  eny  grounde  ; 
They  are  so  goodly  and  curious, 
All  of  golde  and  stones  precious, 

Costynge  many  a  thousande  pownde. 

{To  be  continued.) 


*  Gargoile  heads  ;  ornamental  water  spouts. 

t  See  Anstis's  remarks  on  this  passage  in  Fiddes's  life  of  Wolsey,  No.  58.  Lond. 
1726,  App.  St.  Basil  says  **  Christus  nunquam  equitavit,  tantum  semel  asinavit,  atque 
adeo  nunquam  mulavit,  neque  palafrenavit,  neque  dromedariavit.''  Tom.  2.  de  Saperbift. 
The  old  clergy,  unlike  the  present  bishops,  who  are  great  horsemen,  thought  it 
nnbecoming  to  ride  on  a  horse,  when  our  Saviour,  their  master,  rode  on  the  foal  of 
an  ass. — ^Ed. 

X  Shoes. 
6 


385 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS 


TJie  History  of  Modem  Wiltshire,  by 
Sir  Richard  Colt  Hoare,  Bart.  Old 
and  New  Sarum,  or  Salisbury,  by 
Robert  Benson,  esq,  M.A.  and  Henry 
Hatcher,  esq.  Fol, 
IT  can  scarcely  be  requisite  that 
we  should  explain  to  our  readers  the 
reason  of  so  many  names  appearing  in 
the  title-page  of  this  splendid  volume, 
each  seeming  to  claim  for  himself, 
more  or  less,  the  honour  of  being  the 
author  of  it.  Yet,  as  the  title- page 
does  appear  to  present  something  like 
a  contradiction,  it  may  be  as  well  to 
state  that  this  is  one  of  a  series  of 
volumes  forming  a  work  under  the 
title  of  the  History  of  Modern  Wilt- 
shire ;  that  the  deviser  of  that  work, 
the  author  of  a  large  portion  of  it,  and 
the  person  by  whose  pecuniary  aid, 
and  on  whose  responsibility,  it  has 
been  so  far  conducted,  was  the  late  Sir 
Richard  Colt  Hoare,  Bart,  of  Stour- 
head;  and  that,  seeinghow  far  advanced 
in  life  he  was  when  he  undertook  to 
conduct  a  work  which  it  evidently 
would  require  many  years  to  bring  to 
a  termination,  and  desirous  also  that 
the  county  should  receive  the  benefit 
of  the  knowledge  and  skill  of  other 
persons  who  had  paid  attention  to  its 
antiquities  and  history,  it  was  a  part 
of  his  plan  to  engage  the  assistance 
of  such  persons,  sometimes  by  uniting 
their  stores  and  their  labour  with  his 
own,  and  sometimes  by  delivering  over 
certain  districts  of  the  county  to  their 
sole  management,  he  himself  being  only 
concerned  that  they  should  proceed  in 
the  main  in  conformity  with  the  plan 
which  he  had  laid  down,  and  con- 
tributing the  funds  requisite  for  the 
bringing  forth  the  work  in  the  same 
style  of  magnificence  in  which  it  had 
been  commenced. 

The  history  of  the  city  of  Salisbury, 
which  in  the  history  of  the  county  of 
Wilts  ought  to  be  considered  as  a 
kind  of  central  point,  towards  which 
the  accounts  of  other  towns  and  of 
the  rural  districts  are  directed,  was 
committed  by  the  author  to  the  two 
gentlemen  whose  names  appear  in  the 
title,  and  who  have  executed  the  work 
in  a  manner  which  could  not  but  have 
GsNT.  Mag,  Vol,  XX. 


been  higbljr  satisfactory  to  him  who 
had  the  credit  of  his  work  so  much  at 
heart,  and  greatly  is  it  to  be  lamented 
that  he  did  not  live  to  see  how  faith- 
fully and  how  ably  they  have  per- 
formed the  task  committed  to  them. 
In  one  respect  this  volume  differs  from 
those  which  have  preceded  it.  It 
comes  before  the  public  as  the  work 
of  Mr.  Benson  and  Mr.  Hatcher  only. 
We  are  informed  in  the  preface  that 
"  not  a  page  of  it  was  printed  prior  to 
the  death  of  Sir  Richard  Hoare,  so 
that  it  could  not  have  the  benefit  of 
his  revision." 

Sir  Richard  Hoare  died,  indeed,  so 
long  ago  as  the  nineteenth  of  May, 
1838.<  There  is  something  affecting  in 
the  appearance  of  an  etching  of  his 
monument,  in  the  Cathedral  Church 
of  Salisbury,  prefixed  to  a  volume, 
which  is  a  part  of  a  work  that  will  be 
a  nobler  and  more  enduring  monument 
than  any  work  in  brass  or  marble. 
We  proceed  but  a  very  little  way  before 
we  find  that  not  only  has  the  author 
himself,  but  many  of  his  coadjutors, 
passed  from  this  scene  of  time,  for 
the  volume  is  inscribed  to  "  George 
Matcham,  of  Newhoase,  esq.  LL.D. 
one  of  the  few  surviving  friends  of  the 
late  Sir  Richard  Colt  Hoare,  Bart,  who 
were  accustomed  to  assemble  annually 
at  Stourhead  to  assist  him  in  pre- 
paHng  bis  History  of  Modern  Wilt- 
shire, and  partake  of  the  graceful 
hospitalities  of  that  splendid  mansion.'* 
Graceful  thev  were,  and  mixed  with 
natural  kindliness  also,  never  to  be 
forgotten,  we  believe,  by  those  who 
were  privileged  to  partake  of  them. 
We  were  not  prepared  to  find  that  the 
number  was  so  much  reduced.  It  is 
true  that  Gage-Rokewode  is  gone,  and 
Charles  Bowles,  and  Lord  Arundell, 
and  Skinner,  and  Caley ;  but  Matcham, 
and  Benson,  and  Hui^r,  and  Sir 
Tliomas  Phillipps  still  remain,  and 
are,  if  we  mistake  not,  still  more  or 
less  actively  engaged  in  historical  re- 
searches and  parsoits.  Warner  also 
and  W.  L.  Bowles  stili  survive. 

We  have  already  adverted  to  the 
circumstance  that  it  was.  «t  a  late 
period  of  life  that  Sir  Ricluard  Hoare 

3D 


386 


Review. — The  History  of  Modern  Wiltshire. 


[Oct. 


entered  upon  his  topographical  labours. 
We  now  use  the  word  topography  in  its 
restricted  and,  we  may  almost  say,  its 
English  sense.  His  earlier  works  were 
all  in  a  sense  topographical.  The  chief 
of  them  were,  A  Tour  in  Italy,  and  a 
translation  of  the  work  of  Giraldus  of 
Wales.  But  these  we  do  not  place 
under  the  head  topography  in  the 
sense  in  which  that  word  is  understood 
in  England  ;  neither  do  we  place  his 
next  great  work,  the  Ancient  History 
of  Wiltshire,  under  that  head  according 
to  the  restricted  use  of  the  word.  The 
Ancient  History  of  Wiltshire  belongs 
to  what,  without  invidiousness  be  it 
spoken,  is  a  higher  department  in 
literature.  It  is,  in  fact,  an  investi- 
gation  of  the  state  of  the  inhabitants 
of  the  southern  part  of  Britain  in  the 
times  before  we  have  any  light  from 
written  histories,  unless,  perhaps,  a 
very  few  faint  gleams  which  rather 
serve  to  perplex  than  to  throw  a 
clear  and  useful  light.  The  Ancient 
History  of  Wiltshire  is  the  history  of 
those  times  and  people  as  far  as  it  can 
be  collected  from  the  remains  which 
are  found  within  the  limits  of  that 
county,  compared  with  which  no  part 
of  England  presents  remains  of  that 
remote  people  so  numerous  or  of  so 
striking  a  character.  It  is  on  the  level 
plains,  in  the  centre  of  the  county, 
that  we  meet  with  Abury  and  Silbury, 
with  Stonehenge,  and,  scarcely  less 
remarkable  than  these^  with  Sarum 
(Old  Sarum  we  mean,)  as  it  existed 
before  it  had  its  castle,  and  its  cathe- 
dral, and  other  stone  edifices^  and  was 
only  one  of  the  many  earth-works 
which  broke  the  level  line  of  the  surface 
of  the  Wiltshire  downs. 

The  attention  of  the  honourable 
Baronet  was  drawn  to  those  remains 
existing  in  the  neighbourhood  of  his 
paternal  seat,  by  an  ingenious  and 
laborious  inquirer  who  lived  upon  the 
Downs,  Mr.  Cunnington,  of  Heytes- 
bury.  When  he  had  completed  his 
examination  of  them,  and  delivered  to 
the  world  his  magnificent  work,  in 
which  he  has  described  them  with  so 
much  painful  accuracy,  and  repre- 
sented them  in  such  faithful  engravings, 
it  was  but  an  easy  and  natural  tran- 
sition which  led  him  to  conceive  the 
wish  to  know  who  they  were  that  had 
succeeded  to  the  people  by  whom  these 
works    were  constructed,    and  what 


they  in  their  days  had  done  to  change 
the  face  of  the  country  which  they  in- 
habited. Here,  then,  as  we  conceive, 
began  his  topographical  labours,  pro* 
perly  so  called  ;  and  this  work  which 
he  entitled  The  Modern  History  of 
Wiltshire,  is  the  work,  the  only  work, 
in  this  department  in  which  we  have 
the  results  of  those  labours. 

The  first  portion  appeared  in  1822, 
when  he  was  in  his  sixty-second  year. 

From  that  time  to  the  period  of  his 
death,  the  superintendence  and  the 
preparation  of  this  work  was  his  fa- 
vourite employment.  With  a  library 
at  command  richer  than  any  private 
collection,  or  perhaps  equalled  by  one 
other  only,  in  books  of  topography, 
and  in  those  other  works  which  are 
wanted  in  the  prosecution  of  topo- 
graphic research,  he  was  accustomed 
to  spend  his  mornings,  and  sometimes 
whole  days,  in  this  absorbing  study. 
Even  under  the  disadvantage  of  de- 
clining health  his  zeal  was  unabated ; 
nor  did  the  coldness  with  which  his 
labours  were  regarded  by  too  many  of 
his  countrymen,  who  saw  not  that  he 
was  providing  for  them  and  their  de- 
scendants lasting  pleasure,  not  only 
in  the  perusal  of  his  page,  but  in 
the  additional  interest  which  his  work 
gave  to  every  object  of  the  least 
historical  curiosity  around  them,  pro- 
duce any  abatement  of  his  own  satis- 
faction. The  expense  which  he  in- 
curred in  drawings,  engravings,  paper, 
and  printing,  was  put  down  by  him 
to  the  account  of  rational  amusement^ 
such  as  his  fortune  entitled  him  to  the 
enjoyment  of ;  and,  if  he  has  not  him- 
self provided  funds  for  the  completion 
of  such  portions  of  his  work  as  were 
far  advanced,  he  has  had  the  good 
fortune  to  leave  a  brother  able  and 
willing  to  carry  forward  the  design, 
to  some  considerable  extent  at  least,  on 
the  completion  of  which  his  own  mind 
was  so  earnestly  directed. 

A  County  History  is,  however,  a 
work  which  should  be  begun  early,  if 
it  is  hoped  that  it  shall  be  accom- 
plished. It  is  now  five  years  since 
the  author  died.  The  volume  before 
us  appears.  One  volume  more  is  in 
reserve,  the  History  of  the  Hundreds 
of  Alderbury  and  Fruslfield,  and  then 
the  work  is  to  be  closed.  About  one 
half  of  the  county  will  then  have  been 
descrUi^d. 


1843.] 


R£Vi£W. —  The  History  of  Modern  Wdlshire, 


387 


While  we  cannot  but  deem  the  An- 
cient History  a  more  complete  and  a 
nobler  work,  and  that  on  which  the 
fame  of  Sir  Richard  Hoare  will  here- 
after mainly  rest,  yet  it  would  not  be 
easy  to  point  out  many  works  in  the 
department  of  topography  which  on 
a  full  view  of  them  can  be  said  to  de- 
serve a  higher  place  than  belongs  to 
the  Modern  History  of  Wiltshire,  This 
volume,  in  which  we  have  the  history 
of  its  centre  of  civilization,  may  justly 
be  said  to  stand  in  the  first  rank  of 
histories  of  our  ancient  cities,  and  it 
stands  out  before  them  all  in  splendour 
of  decoration  and  beauty  of  paper 
and  type.  In  the  latter  respect  the 
Modern  Wiltshire  equals  any  topo- 
graphical work.  Yet  we  are  not 
much  disposed  to  praise  it  on  this  ac- 
count ;  we  like  the  soberer  form  of 
Mr.  Ormerod's  History  of  the  County 
of  Chester  better,  and  would  gladly 
exchange  one  of  these  light  pages  of 
print  for  one  of  his  full  pages.  Nor 
can  we  doubt  that  the  preparation  of 
so  many  plates,  and  the  great  care 
which  the  press-work  has  required, 
have  delayed  the  progress  of  the  work, 
and  that  more  of  the  hundreds  would 
have  been  described  could  the  patrician 
mind  of  the  author  have  been  satisfied 
with  presenting  a  work  less  splendid 
in  its  appearance  to  the  hands  of  his 
countrymen. 

Books  of  topography  must  of  ne- 
cessity contain  some  things  which  can 
be  considered  only  as  so  many  trivi- 
alities. There  is  something  approach- 
ing to  the  ludicrous  in  the  feeling  with 
which  we  contemplate  such  things, 
when  set  out  in  a  type  with  which 
only  the  highest  works  of  genius  ought 
to  be  honoured. 

There  will  be  also  in  works  of  to- 
pography matter  that  is  little,  if  any 
thing,  more  than  mere  reprint  from 
well-known  works, — Wood's  Athenae, 
for  instance,  the  whole  contents  of 
which  have  already  well- nigh  been 
served  up  again  by  the  topographers. 
It  seems  like  wastefulness  to  print 
that  which  is  so  easily  accessible  in 
the  original  author  at  all,  but  espe- 
cially in  any  style  of  magnificence. 
The  same  may  be  said  of  the  large 
extracts  from  records,  and  especially 
the  records  which  have  been  pub- 
lished by  the  Record  Commissions. 

A  book  piint^d  in  this  manner  be- 


comes of  an  extent  and  bulk  that  may 
almost  be  called  enormous,  and  of  a 
cost  beyond  the  reach  of  ordinary 
purchasers,  and  even  of  those  Societies 
by  means  of  which  reading  of  modern 
books  is  provided  for  a  large  portion 
of  the  population .  When  the  next  and 
last  volume  of  this  work  is  published, 
the  cost  of  the  whole,  even  in  boards, 
will  exceed  thirty-eight  pounds ;  and 
yet  it  is  only  the  moiety  of  the  county 
that  has  been  described,  nor  is  the 
charge  by  any  means  high,  when  looked 
at  in  reference  to  the  cost  of  produc- 
tion. 

We  regard  the  splendour  in  which 
the  work  is  brought  out  to  have  been 
a  mistake  in  the  original  plan.  But 
we  have  more  serious  objections  to 
make  to  the  printing  large  extracts 
from  printed  books  in  works  of  this 
nature.  We  cannot  see  the  necessity 
of  re-producing  what  any  reader  can 
findin  Anthony  Wood,  in  a  work  which 
is  intended  to  give  the  history  and  de- 
scription of  a  place  in  which  a  person 
merely  happened  to  be  born  who  has 
gained  some  distinction  in  literature. 
What  the  topographer  has  to  do  is,  to 
seek  out  those  circumstances  of  his 
history  which  elucidate  the  state  of 
the  place  of  his  nativity,  or  by  which 
that  state  became  in  any  degree 
changed,  or  which  the  parochial  or 
other  local  records  supply,  passing 
over  in  the  lightest  manner  possible 
the  other  circumstances  of  his  life,  as 
lying  wholly  remote  from  the  pur- 
poses of  topography,  and  sending 
those  who  seek  for  them  to  the 
Athense,  or  to  any  other  work  of  bio- 
graphy in  whicn  they  are  to  be 
found.  And  with  respect  to  the  pub- 
lications of  the  Commissioners  on  the 
Public  Records,  there  was  a  time 
when  a  good  service  was  rendered 
to  the  inhabitants  of  a  county  by  pre- 
senting them  with  large  passages  from 
their  publications,  when  the  informa- 
tion contained  in  them  was  import, 
ant,  because  the  publications  were  hard 
of  access,  lying  in  warehouses  in  Pa- 
ternoster Row  when  they  ought 
to  have  been  distributed  to  the 
several  libraries  which  the  zeal  of 
individuals  had  founded  for  general 
use.  But  since  the  last  of  the  ma- 
ligned Record  Commissions,  and  the 
most  maligned  of  all,  changed  the 
system,  and  sought  oat  witb  ^reat 


388 


Review. — The  History  of  Modern  Wilhhkre. 


[Oct. 


assiduity  for  places  in  which  these 
publications  could  be  securely  depo- 
sited, so  that  now  in  every  part  of  the 
empire  the  student  who  desires  it  can 
have  most  easy  resort  to  them,  it  is 
perfectly  useless  to  incorporate  in 
works  of  topography  such  portions  of 
them  as  relate  to  the  particular  county 
under  review.  What  we  require  of 
the  topographer  now  is,  that  he  uie  the 
information  which  these  publications 
so  liberally  supply ;  that  he  present  in 
good,  plain,  intelligible  English  what 
is  told  in  their  (to  the  many)  unintelli- 
gible Latin  contracts ;  that  he  eluci- 
date the  facts  which  they  present  to 
his  notice  ;  and  not  that  he  take  the 
certainly  much  easier  course  of  repro- 
ducing the  %p8%»sima  verba  of  books 
which  are  now  placed  within  the 
reach  of  every  one. 

There  was,  moreover,  another  great 
mistake  committed  in  the  original  plan. 
We  mean  the  distribution  of  the  whole 
field  according  to  the  hundreds.  The 
hundred  is  undoubtedly  one  of  the 
ancient  divisions  of  a  county,  and  it  is 
usually  found  well  defined  in  the 
maps.  But  the  hundredal  distribu- 
tion has  very  little  indeed  to  do  with 
the  purposes  of  topography.  What- 
ever authority  the  hundreder  may  have 
had  in  the  Saxon  times,  he  had  very 
little  in  the  times  with  which  topo- 
graphy is  chiefiy  conversant,  and  he  is 
never  or  very  rarely  found  doing 
any  thing  of  which  topography  takes 
cognizance ;  while  in  more  recent 
times  few  persons  know  anything  of 
such  an  officer,  or  of  any  other  officer 
who,  under  any  other  name,  may  have 
usurped  his  office.  We  think  then 
that  this  distribution  is  not  founded 
in  any  just  conception  of  the  nature 
and  purposes  of  topography,  and  also 
that  it  interferes  greatly  with  that 
unity  which,  multifarious  as  are  the 
subjects  which  claim  the  attention  of 
the  topographer,  it  is  still  possible  to 
give  to  his  work,  and  which,  if  possi- 
ble, it  must  be  so  much  his  desire  to 
give.  The  topographer  of  a  county, 
we  may  observe,  has  his  choice  of 
three  different  distributions.  He  may, 
as  is  done  in  this  work,  distribute  the 
county  in  its  hundreds,  and  then  in 
the  townships  which  compose  the 
hundreds  ;  he  may  distribute  it  eccle- 
siastically in  archdeaconries,  deaneries 
and  then  the  parishes ;  or  he  may  dis- 


tribute it  feudally,  taking  the  great 
fees  as  they  are  found  laid  down  ie 
Domesday  Book,  (or,  in  counties  foi 
which  there  is  no  Domesday,  in  the 
earliest  accounts  that  can  be  gained  of 
their  feudal  distribution,)  then  tlM 
larger  subinfeudations,  and  so  down- 
ward to  the  smallest  portions  in  which 
ancient  feudal  privileges  were  en- 
joyed. 

Of  the  three  we  prefer  the  last; 
making  slight  concessions  occasionally 
to  the  claims  arising  from  vicinage  or 
from  the  ecclesiastical  distribution,  or 
the  distribution  in  hundreds,  botk 
which  will,  however, be  found,  in  maxtf 
parts  of  the  kingdom  at  least,  to  coin- 
cide with  sufficient  exactness  with  the 
feudal  distributions.  It  will  be  fomid 
that  it  is  to  the  lord  of  the  manor,  or 
to  the  lord  of  the  paramount  fee,  thftft 
almost  all  the  early  works  and  trana- 
actions  touching  the  place  are  to  be 
traced ;  they  founded  the  churches, 
they  nominated  the  clerks,  they  granted 
portions  of  the  waste  as  population 
extended  itself,  they  released  burthen* 
some  rights  to  the  tenants ;  and  to 
them  we  are  to  trace  the  foundatioii 
of  the  monasteries,  a  work  usually 
producing  most  important  consequent* 
ces  on  the  state  of  the  neighbourhood, 
and  the  erection  of  any  castle  or  other 
edifice,  if  such  there  were  within  the 
limits  of  the  manor,  and  of  the  mere 
remarkable  of  the  early  monuments 
which  may  be  seen  in  the  church. 
Treated  thus,  it  will  be  found  tiiat 
every  thing  in  topography  has  its  plate 
and  falls  naturally  into  its  place. 
Light  also  breaks  in  as  the  author  pro- 
ceeds. His  work  becomes  combined, 
and  is  not  a  mere  collection  of  de- 
tached pieces  of  information.  Of 
course  we  speak  now  of  the  rural  dis- 
tricts, not  of  the  cities  and  more 
ancient  towns,  which  require  a  very 
difierent  treatment. 

At  the  same  time,  this  mode  of 
pursuing  topographical  investigations 
almost  precludes  the  calling  in  the  aid 
of  various  persons  concurring  in  a 
certain  result,  or  at  least  the  assist- 
ants must  be  content  with  very  sub- 
ordinate duties.  Some  one  mind  must 
grasp  the  whole.  Some  one  person 
must  pursue  the  search  for  the  subin- 
feudations in  Domesday  Book,  the 
Testa,  the  records  of  Ancient  Scutagea 
and  Aids,  and  the  Inquests  that  from 


1843.] 


Review.— 2%«  History  of  Modern  WilUhire. 


389 


time  to  time  were  taken  to  determine 
what  tenures  there  were^  and  in  whose 
hands.  Here  also  comes  in  the  study 
of  that  body  of  antient  evidence,  the 
Inquisitions  before  the  Escheators  in 
pursuance  of  writs  de  diem  clauHt  es- 
tremum.  It  is  in  this  study  that  the 
foundation  of  just  topographical  know- 
ledge can  alone  be  laid.  A  great  deal 
remaios  to  be  done  in  this  department, 
even  for  counties  which  are  supposed 
to  be  described.  It  is  a  study  requir- 
ing much  time  and  perseverance,  and  in 
which  the  labourer  must  be  content  to 
work  for  himself,  and  not  by  another's 
eye.  We  venture  to  say  that  when 
topography  is  thus  written  it  will  take 
a  higher  rank  than  it  does  at  present 
among  the  efforts  of  human  genius. 

Though  we  have  presumed  to  offer 
these  remarks,  it  is  with  feelings  of 
deep  respect  that  we  contemplate  what 
Sir  Richard  Hoare  has  had  the  merit 
of  devising  and  so  far  accomplishing. 
He  has  set  an  example  to  our  country- 
gentlemen,  which  any  of  them  might 
follow,  and  thus  secure  for  himself  a 
place  in  the  literature  of  the  country, 
as  well  as  a  long-lasting  source  of  in- 
teresting employment  for  himself.  Sir 
Richard  Hoare  wilt  be  remembered 
and  spoken  of  with  honour  by  his 
countrymen  of  Wiltshire,  whose  An- 
tient and  whose  Modern  History  he 
has  so  faithfully  illustrated,  even  when 
Stourhead  itself,  with  all  its  glories 
and  its  beauties,  shall  have  passed 
away.  It  is  the  rare  quality  of  books 
that  they  outlast  every  other  result  of 
human  effort. 

It  has  been  the  most  difficult  part 
of  the  whole  design  that  was  assigned 
to  the  two  gentlemen  to  whom  we 
owe  the  History  of  Salisbury.  But 
they  have  shown  themselves  fully 
competent  to  the  execution  of  it. 
They  entered  on  the  task  with  consi- 
derable advantages;  both  from  early 
life  intimately  acquainted  with  the 
place,  both  possessing  a  native  fond- 
ness for  minute  historical  inquiry,  and 
enjoying  advantages  such  as  other 
topographers  have  sometimes  failed  to 
obtain,  of  access  both  to  the  municipal 
and  the  ecclesiastical  records,  so  that 
there  was  nothing  of  this  kind  which 
was  not  open  to  them.  They  have 
also  wisely  adopted  the  plan  of  reject- 
ing much  of  what  is  usually  found 
in  the  history  of  towns  and  cities. 


on  the  assumption  that,  having  been 
already  printed  by  other  authors  who 
have  treated  on  Salisbury,  especially 
Britton  and  Dodsworth,  it  was  unne- 
cessary to  reproduce  it  here.  In  this 
manner  they  get  quit  of  much  archi- 
tectural detail  respecting  the  cathe- 
dral, and  very  much  of  copies  of  mo- 
numental inscriptions,  and  such  kind 
of  matter.  These  occupy  a  large  space 
in  books  of  this  kind,  but  if  once 
printed  they  may  well  be  dispensed 
with  in  any  subsequent  publication. 
The  work  as  it  is  consists  of  856 
pages,  and  half  as  many  more  would 
have  been  required  had  it  been  thought 
expedient  to  give  again  what  has  been 
already  printed. 

Perhaps  a  little  more  of  the  Survey 
part  of  topography  may  be  desired  by 
some  readers ;  and  there  seems  really  to 
be  wantingamaponalarge  scale,  which 
should  comprehend  both  Old  Sarum 
and  the  New,  or  rather  what  after- 
wards became  the  site  of  the  new  city. 
Such  an  instance  as  this  of  the  decay 
of  one  city,  and  the  sudden  rise  of 
another  near  it,  so  late  aa  the  thir- 
teenth century,  is  so  remarkable  a  cir- 
cumstance in  English  topography  that 
it  deserved  every  assistance  that  could 
be  given  for  the  right  understanding 
of  it.  If  not  by  a  map,  at  least  as 
vivid  an  idea  as  could  be  given  by 
writing  should  have  been  presented  of 
the  state  of  the  country  south  of  Old 
Sarum  before  the  new  city  existed. 

The  writers  inform  us  that, 

**  Perhaps  no  other  city  in  England 
possesses  so  extensivci  so  interestingy 
and,  taking  all  circumstances  into  con- 
sideratioDy  so  well-preserved  a  collection 
of  muniments.'' 

And  again, 

''  Without  anticipating  by  prolix  de- 
tails the  course  of  events  subsequently 
developed  in  the  course  of  this  work,  it 
will  be  sufficient  to  observe  that  the  con- 
nexion between  the  clergy  and  citizens, 
and  the  occasional  hostihty  of  the  same 
parties,  render  the  mmiiments  of  the 
bishop,  and  of  the  dean  and  chapter,  of 
important  serviee  in  the  civil  history  of 
the  place  ;  while  the  corporation  records, 
in  their  turn,  afford  useful  assistance  in 
explaining  the  ecclesiastical  afhan  of  the 
city.  This  mutual  illuttration,  so  valu- 
able for  the  c^scovery  of  truth,  is  a  pecu- 
liar fsature  of  the  present  work.''  p.  vi. 

It  is  in  this  that  the  great  value 


390 


Review. — Hulsean  Lectures  for  1840. 


[Oct. 


of  the  work  mainly  consists,  for  the 
records  appear  to  have  been  sought 
out  assiduously  and  used  both  dili- 
gently and  skilfully,  so  that  this  work 
may  justly  be  taken  as  in  this  respect 
a  model  for  the  labours  of  future 
topographers,  when  they  have  for 
their  subject  one  of  the  antient 
cities  of  the  empire.  These  local 
records,  together  with  records  of  a 
more  public  character,  supply  a  suc- 
cession of  facts  through  a  long  tract 
of  time,  in  which  we  trace  changes 
made  in  the  condition  of  the  inhabit- 
ants, or  incidents  belonging  to  our 
public  history,  when  Salisbury  and  its 
inhabitants  became  particularly  con- 
nected with  the  general  affairs  of  the 
realm.  All  these  are  bound  together 
by  an  historical  commentary,  which 
oflen,  however,  is  far  too  wide  in  its 
scope  for  the  legitimate  purposes  of 
topography.  In  a  history  of  such  a 
place  as  Salisbury  it  cannot  be  neces- 
sary to  go  even  at  all  into  the  general 
history  of  the  Reformation,  or  the 
principles  of  the  Reformers.  If  there 
is  a  charitable  subscription  in  the 
place  in  recent  times,  it  cannot  be  ne- 
cessary to  do  more  than  state  the  fact, 
if  even  that  be  worth  stating;  and 
even  in  respect  of  points  in  early 
English  history,  the  range  that  is 
taken  appears  far  too  wide,  the  facts 
being  often  nothing  more  than  what 
is  perfectly  familiar  to  every  well 
educated  man.* 

We  cannot  now  transcribe  particu- 
lar passages,  but  we  can  assure  the 
reader  that  there  is  hardly  an  event 
in  history  with  which  the  name  of 
Salisbury  is  connected  on  which  he 
would  not  find  some  new  light  thrown 
by  the  researches  of  the  authors  of 
this  work. 

This,  the  History,  properly  socalled, 
extends  through  579  pages.  It  is  fol- 
lowed by  a  chapter  on  the  trade, 
habits,  and  amusements  of  the  people. 
After  which  we  have  a  survey  of  the 
city,    containing  an  account   of  the 

*  Thus  in  the  Index  we  find,  "  Ameri- 
can war,  commencement  of '* ;  "  France 
and  Spain  join  in  a  war  against  Eng- 
land";  "  Bohemia,  religious  troubles  in." 
And  in  the  heads  of  chapters,  "  Irrup- 
tion of  the  French  into  Russia,**  &c.  AH 
this  might  very  well  have  been  dispensed 
with,  and  the  book  have  been  smaller  and 
l^etter  for  the  omission. 


churches  and  other  public  buildings. 
And  lastly  we  have  accounts  of  the 
lives  of  persons  of  eminence  natives  of 
the  city,  executed  in  a  tasteful  man- 
ner, sometimes  with  new  facts  respect- 
ing them,  and  sometimes  wholly  ori- 
ginal. 

In  an  Appendix,  we  have  notices  of 
the  natural  history  and  geology  of  the 
country  around  Salisbury;  lists  of 
bishops  (lives  of  the  bishops  are  very 
properly  omitted  as  unconnected  with 
the  design),  mayors  and  other  officers; 
a  large  collection  of  charters  and  other 
documentary  matter ;  and,  finally,  an 
account  of  the  public  charities,  which 
here,  as  in  all  our  antient  cities,  are 
very  numerous. 

We  may,  perhaps,  at  a  future  period 
present  our  readers  with  a  few  ex- 
tracts, showing  the  manner  in  which 
the  municipal  and  ecclesiastical  muni- 
ments illustrate  each  other  and  facts 
in  our  public  history. 

Hulsean  Lectures  for  1840.  The 
Christian  Religion  in  connection 
with  the  Principles  of  Morality,  By 
Rev.  T.  Smith,  M,A, 

WE  can  do  little  more  as  regards 
this  volume,  than  extract  what  the 
author  mentions  of  his  design,  "  that 
religion  should  be  exhibited  in  its 
relation  to  our  moral  principles,  as 
well  as  supported  by  the  external  evi- 
dences of  its  divine  authority."  It  is 
evident  that  the  subject  which  the 
author  has  chosen  would  bring  him 
in  contact  with  the  various  theories  of 
morals  which  have  been  propounded 
at  different  times  by  ingenious  men, 
and  which  have  thrown  light  in  vari- 
ous directions  on  the  operations  of  the 
mind,  on  the  formation  of  opinions, 
and  on  the  regulation  of  the  feelings  ; 
but,  as  he  justly  observes,  "  such 
theories  are  not/;  (tJiat  is,  of  late 
years),  for  the  most  part,  little  re- 
garded, any  further  than  as  they  se- 
verally occupy  a  place  in  the  history 
of  ethical  philosophy.  He  however 
treats  on  one  of  the  most  favourite 
and  perhaps  most  accepted,  which  re- 
duces virtue  to  a  principle  of  general 
benevolence."  The  o^Aer  system  of  ethi- 
cal philosophy,  which  also  forms  the 
subject  of  one  of  the  discourses,  is  that 
which  looks  for  no  confirmation  of  its 
principles  from  the  Christian  religion^ 
but  considers  virtue^  in  unison  with 


1843.] 


REvrEW.*— iffi/5€«»  Lectures  for  1840. 


3dl 


happiness,  in  a  point  of  view  very  pe- 
culiar«  and  confined  to  the  business 
and  purposes  of  the  present  life.  This 
is  in  a  great  measure  the  system  of 
Mr.  Bentham  and  his  followers  :  on 
such  a  subject  as  this,  Paley's  name 
was  too  great,  and  his  just  authority 
too  extensive,  to  permit  him  to  be 
passed  over,  and  we  have  been  much 
pleased  with  the  manner  in  which 
Mr.  Smith  has  at  once  pointed  out 
his  errors,  exhibited  his  motives  and 
purpose,  and  vindicated  his  reason- 
ings, by  showing  upon  what  ground 
they  were  formed. 

^'  It  must  (be  says,  p.xii.)  doubtless  be 
matter  of  regret ,  and  regret  akin  to  com- 
punction, that  Paley  should  have  been 
the  author  to  fall  under  the  disap- 
probation of  the  Professor  (Whewell),  in 
his  concern  to  e£fect  an  essential  improve- 
ment in  the  ethical  instruction  of  the 
university ;  but  a  large  debt  will  be  due 
for  the  works  of  Paley,  though  we  except 
his  introductory  chapters  to  his  moral 
philosophy.  To  do  him  justice  however 
on  this  subject,  he  did  not  abandon  the 
reality  of  a  moral  difference  in  actionSf 
whatever  may  be  judged  of  that  criterion 
of  virtue  which  he  strongly  advocated. 
But  that,  in  reality,  it  must  be  confessed, 
makes  no  conspicuous  appearance  on  the 
face  of  his  moral  philosophy.  The  truth 
appears  to  be,  that,  having  assumed  the 
truth  of  Christianity f  his  attention  was 
in  no  degree  drawn  to  the  bearing  of  ethi- 
cal opinions  upon  the  principles  of  reli- 
gion,** &c. 

It  is  with  pleasure  that  we  have 
read  this  explanation  of  Paley 's  line  of 
reasoning,  and  this  honourable  con- 
fession of  his  general  merits  as  a  philo- 
sopher ;  though  it  still  (as  not  falling 
within  the  scope  and  purpose  of  the 
writer's  argument)  leaves  open  the 
question  as  to  the  soundness  of  his 
moral  theory,  considered  only  in  re- 
ference  to  the  question  of  ethics.  The 
first  discourse  is  on  the  "  Appeal  of 
Christianity  to  the  Moral  Judgment," 
from  which  we  shall  extract  the  fol- 
lowing very  important  observation. 
The  author  has  been  observing  that 
there  is  much  unanimity  of  feeling  re- 
garding the  nature  of  virtuous  or 
moral  customs,  but  what  is  judged  to 
be  wanting  is  the  application  of  more 
powerful  motives  to  its  practice.  He 
then  adds, 

"  But  Christianity  opens  a  far  wider 
question  for  the  deliberate  exercise  of  our 


reason  on  the  validity  of  its  pretensions* 
It  assumes  to  describe  the  sure  path  of 
duty,  to  particularise  the  precepts  of  the 
Creator,  and  thus  places  itself  in  apon- 
tion  the  most  critical  and  dangerous 
that  can  be  imagined  to  a  religion  ema- 
nating from  no  higher  intelligence  than 
that  to  which  it  appeals  in  the  assertion 
of  its  truth ;  an  intelligence  which,  how- 
ever it  may  appreciate  the  forms  of  moral 
excellence  when  presented  to  its  view, 
has,  speaking  generally,  but  ill  succeeded 
in  discovering  them  for  itself.  One  as- 
certained error  in  the  morality  of  the 
Gospel,  one  inequitable  and  pernicious 
precept  attributed  to  the  Creator,  must 
have  been  fatal  to  its  pretensions ;  a  con- 
sideration of  no  little  weight,  whether  we 
regard  the  practices  taught  or  expressly 
sanctioned  by  other  religions,  or  the 
boldness  and  peculiarity  of  some  of  its 
precepts." 

There  is  another  observation,  of 
primary  importance  in  the  discussion 
of  this  subject,  that  we  must  point 
out  to  attention  in  the  same  discourse, 
(p.  17): 

"  It  is  specifically  to  our  understanding , 
in  its  approval  or  condemnation  of  our 
dispositions  and  conduct,  that  Chris- 
tianity addresses  itself,  in  assuming  to 
be  a  most  credible  account  of  our  moral 
relation  to  the  Creator,  and  a  most  rea- 
sonable exposition  of  human  duties.  It 
is  to  our  judgment  as  to  what  we  ought  to 
feel,  and  liow  we  ought  to  act,  that  it 
takes  upon  itself  to  reason  with  us  on  the 
part  of  the  Deity,  and  not  to  our  experi- 
ence as  to  what  we  do  feel,  or  how  we 
do  act;  and  it  must  be  abundantly  evident 
that,  until  we  have  ascertained  our  mo- 
ral character,  as  to  what  it  ought  to  be,  or 
have  derived  our  own  explanation  of  such 
a  phraseology,  we  cannot  interpret  cor- 
rectly our  experience  as  to  what  our 
character  is.  This  distinction,  so  essen- 
tial, has  been  evidently  overlooked  in 
theories  relating  to  virtue,  or  the  princi- 
ples of  morals  ;  propounded,  as  they  often 
have  been,  in  a  spirit  unfriendly  to  Chris- 
tianity, and  indeed  to  all  practical  reli- 
gion," &c. 

In  the  discourse  "  On  the  Original 
Duty  of  Gratitude,"  the  reader  will 
not  pass  over  a  very  important  note 
regarding  Mr.  Bentham's  system  of 
morals,  (p.  78,)  as  well  as  the  whole 
of  Lecture  V.  The  theory,  the  fasci- 
nating and  still- prevalent  theory,  of 
benevolence  as  the  foundation  of  vir- 
tue, is  examined  with  much  precision  in 
the  sixth  Lecture.  In  the  seventh,  "On 
the  Credibility  of  Miracles,"  the  author 


392 


Review.— Brown's  Truth  on  both  Sides. 


[Oct. 


appears  to  us  to  have  taken  up  the  very 
strongest  ground,  and  which,  in  our 
opinion,  cannot  be  successfully  as- 
sailed. Let  the  reader  turn  to  p.  227, 
from  which  the  following  quotation  is 
only  a  partial  extract  adapted  to  our 
confined  space. 

**  (Hume)  describes  the  Pentateuch  as 
a  book  full  of  prodigies  and  miracles,  as 
though  it  contained  nothing  else :  as 
though  it  made  no  mention  of  a  delirery 
of  a  moral  law  to  the  Israelites,  but  only 
of  the  supernatural  appearances  with 
which  it  was  attended,  and  no  mention  of 
peculiar  religious  rites  and  sanctions  in- 
tended to  promote  its  fulfilment.  The 
Scripture  is  nothing  but  a  wonderful  nar- 
rative, or  a  series  of  wonderful  narra- 
tives, relating  events  connected  with  no 
fundamental  principles,  no  permanent  in- 
stitutions, no  progressive  scheme  of  di- 
vine wisdom  and  goodness  for  the  religi- 
ous instruction  and  enduring  benefit  of 
mankind :  and  consequently  offering  no 
better  claim,  we  do  not  say  to  reception, 
but  to  examination  as  a  credible  history, 
than  the  fictions  of  heathen  mythology, 
with  which  it  is  his  manner  to  compare 
them.  Accordingly  be  encounters  the 
Smpture  with  reasoning  that  would 
have  been  not  only  subtle  and  ingenious, 
but  pertinent  and  commanding,  if  the 
drift  of  the  Bible,  in  its  relation  of 
miracles,  had  been  to  acquaint  us  that 
God  had  broken  in  upon  the  laws  which 
he  had  originally  imposed  on  nature,  or 
had  deviated  from  the  ordinary  mode  of 
his  agency,  as  the  preserver  no  less  than 
the  creator  of  all  things,  for  no  other 
purpose  than  to  create  a  surprise  and  as- 
tonishment among  a  portion  of  his 
creatures, — to  amaze  them  with  a  succes- 
sion of  miraculous  operations  on  the 
theatre  of  nature, — and  that  it  was  pre- 
dsely  for  the  sake  of  conveying  this 
information,  of  acquainting  succeeding 
generations  with  the  miraculous  exhibi- 
tions of  divine  power  which  had  been 
witnessed  by  the  people  of  Israel,  that 
these  had  been  collected  into  a  continuous 
account  of  the  providence  of  Almighty 
God,  to  be  preserved  as  a  precious  depo- 
sit, an  inestimable  treasure  of  human 
knowledge.  For  aught  we  perceive,  the 
argument  of  Hume  against  miracles  pro- 
ceeds upon  no  other  and  higher  concep- 
tion of  the  purport  of  the  Scripture  in 
relating  them  :  and  such  a  conception  is 
so  egregiously  inadequate,  or  rather 
erroneous,  that  we  hold  his  argument 
itself  to  be  altogether  inapplicable,  and 
actually  powerless,'*  fkc. 

To  this  we  must  add  one  more  ob- 
servation relating  to  the  same  point  in 

t 


discussion,  from  the  next  discourse^ 

(p.  258.) 

''  They  f7Atf  apostles)  demanded  the 
belief  of  others,  as  the  messengers  from 
God,  accredited  to  be  such  by  especial 
demonstratious  of  his  power.  Itf6llQW9 
that  the  evidence  in  our  possession,  of  the 
reality  of  the  miracles  recorded  in  the 
New  Testament,  is  not  only  matter  for 
research  and  examination,  in  judging  of 
the  credibiUty  of  our  religion  in  general, 
but  is  proposed  especially  as  the  ground 
of  our  faith  in  such  of  its  doctines  as  are 
incapable  of  proof  from  human  reason,  or 
in  their  nature  above  the  comprehensioa 
of  our  faculties,'*  &c. 

Beside  the  main  lines  of  reasoning 
in  these  discourses,  there  are  many 
particular  points  discussed  which 
came  across  or  lay  beside  the  writer'* 
path  ;  and  many  collateral  argumenti 
rising  occasionally  out  of  the  broad 
and  large  question  before  him,  which 
will  be  duly  estimated  by  a  reader  ac- 
quainted with  the  subject,  jind  desir- 
ous of  correct  information  on  it. 


Truth  on  both  Sides ;  or,  eon  He  Be* 
Uever  finally  faUf  By  Stafford 
Brown,  M.A, 

A  VERY  able  and  interesting  trea* 
tise,  but  which  will  not  well  bear 
abridgment.  The  subject  itself  is  one 
of  the  most  curious  and  difficult  that 
can  be  found  within  the  compaae  of 
theology,  and  also  one  on  which  the 
strongest  contrary  opinions  are  main- 
tained. As  we  think  the  views  of  the 
author  to  be  correct^  we  shall  extract 
a  short  summary  of  the  argument. 

"  Here  occurs  the  difficulty  how  to  re- 
concile seemingly  clashing  statements^ 
— the  one  holding  out  to  God's  people 
the  certainty  of  salvation^  the  other 
predicating  to  them  the  possibility  of 
a  final  fall.  Tlie  ordinary  mode  adopt- 
ed is,  to  lower  whichever  part  of  the 
truth  we  do  not  like,  and  to  exalt  the 
other  by  itself  as  the  whole  truth  of 
God.  But  what  the  author  is  im- 
pressed with  is,  that  things  so  contra- 
dictory in  appearance,  as  the  faith* 
fulness  of  God  and  the  possibility  of 
his  child's  losing  his  favour  for  ever, 
can  never  be  reconciled  to  our  minds. 
Contraries  they  are  to  our  senses,  and 
contraries  they  will  remain  to  us,  till 
our  senses  are  amplified  and  enlarged, 
to  comprehend  all  parts  of  the  divine 
economy.    We   feel  that  our  wisest 


1843.] 


Review. — ^Binns's  Anatomy  of  Sleep, 


393 


course  is  fully  to  embrace  both,  so  as 
to  keep  alive  holy  fear  by  the  one^  as 
well  as  enjoy  godly  comfort  by 
the  other.  This  may  expose  us  to  the 
charge  of  being  inconsistent,  but  it  is 
the  inconsistency  of  the  Word  of  God. 
Truth,  indeed,  is  always  in  perfect 
agreement  with  itself,  but  man's  feeble 
intellect  cannot  always  trace  the 
agreement :  and  then  there  is  danger 
of  sacrificing  one  part  to  the  other. 
By  sinking  a  portion  of  the  truth,  we 
get  rid  of  the  difficulty  as  regards  our- 
selves, but  we  cannot  blot  out  of  the 
book  of  the  spirit  one  word  of  that 
which  we  would  willingly  forget — all 
must  come  to  pass.  Let  us  quote 
from  the  Remains  of  Mr.  Cecil : 

**  No  man  will  preach  the  Gospel  so 
freely  as  the  Scriptures  preach  it,  unless 
he  will  submit  to  talk  like  an  Antinomian 
in  the  estimation  of  a  great  body  of 
Christians ;  nor  will  any  man  preach  it  so 
practically  as  the  Scriptures,  unless  he  will 
submit  to  be  called  by  as  large  a  body  an 
Arminian.  Many  think  that  they  find  a 
middle  path,  which  is  in  fact  neither  one 
thing  nor  another,  since  it  is  not  the 
incomprehensible  bat  grand  plan  of  the 
Bible  :  it  is  something  of  human  con- 
trivance,  and  savours  of  human  poverty 
and  littleness.*' 

And  again, 

"  The  right  way  of  interpreting  Scrip- 
ture is  to  take  it  as  we  find  it,  without 
any  attempt  to  press  it  into  any  particular 
system :  whatever  may  be  fairly  inferred 
from  Scripture,  we  need  not  fear  to  insist 
on.  Many  passages  speak  the  language 
of  what  is  called  Calvinism,  and  that  in 
almost  the  strongest  terms ;  I  would  not 
have  a  man  clip  and  curtail  these  passages, 
to  bring  them  down  to  some  system.  Let 
him  go  with  them  in  their  fiill  and  free 
sense,  for  otherwise,  if  he  do  not  abso- 
lutely pervert  them,  he  will  attenuate 
their  energy;  but  let  him  look  out  as 
many  more  which  speak  the  language  of 
j^rminianiam,  and  let  him  go  all  the  way 
with  these  also.  God  has  been  pleased 
thus  to  state  and  to  leave  the  thing,  and 
all  our  attempts  to  disturb  it,  either  one 
way  or  the  other,  are  puny  and  contempti- 
ble." 

This  just  expresses  that  of  which 
the  author  is  persuaded.  He  feels 
that  the  Scripture  has  left  a  mystery 
in  the  connection  between  the  power 
of  God's  love  to  his  child,  and  the 
weakness  of  God's  child's  love  to  him  ; 
and  would  receive  it  as  one  of  those 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX, 


marvellous  combinations  of  superna- 
tural with  natural  agency,  before 
which  reason  must  bend  and  veil 
itself,  which /oi7A  must  receive  with  all 
its  soul."  We  recommend  the  volume 
to  perusal. 


Anatomy  of  Sleep;  or,  the  Art  of  procur- 
ing sound  and  refreshing  Slumber  at 
Will.     By  E.  Binns,  M.D. 
THAT  Dr.  Binns  has  discovered  the 
secret  of  voluntary  sleep  we  do  not  feel 
quite  assured  ;  but  that  he  has  kindly 
afforded  to  all   persons  the  meaas  of 
procuring  a  sound  and  durable  slum- 
ber we  are  practically  convinced  ;  for, 
having  placed  his  volume  in  the  hands 
of  a  friend,  while  we  were  temporarily 
engaged,  on  our  return  we  found  him 
with  the  book  in  his  hand,  and  in  a 
state   of  the   most   profound   repose, 
from  which  he  was  awakened  with  dif- 
ficulty.    As  for  ourselves,  by  means 
of  sundry  applications,  as  sal  volatile, 
Scotch  snuff,  and  sundry  other  stimu- 
lants, we  contrived  to  keep  ourselves 
pretty  well  awake  in  our  perusal  of  the 
volume,  which  consists  of  394  pages, 
of  which  389  relate  to  various  discus- 
sions of  scientific  subjects,  not  much 
connected  with  the  subject  matter  an- 
nounced in  the  title ;  but  at  p.  390  the 
real  volume  begins,  and,  filling  exactly 
three  pages  and  a  half,  then  concludes. 
The   author  observes   that,  after  389 
pages,  the  reader  will  be  enabled  to 
understand  the  principles  upon  which 
is   founded  his  system    of  procuring 
sound  and  refreshing  sleep  at  will.    The 
system,  as  far  as  we  understand  it, 
seems  to  be  as  follows.     First,  let  the 
patient  take  as  large  a  dose  of  Dr. 
Binns's  book  as  he  is  able,  (see  p.  363,) 
and  when  he  begins  to  feel  its  effects^ 
which  will  soon  show  themselves,  let 
him  then  put  on  a  warm  woollen  night- 
cap, and  flannel  socks  to  his  feet ;  let 
him  have  a  good  fire  in  his  room,  (v.  p. 
390),  put  a  flannel  blanket  between 
the  sheets,  rub  himself  or  herself  with  a 
coarse  towel,  and  get  into  bed ;  then 
let  him  or  her  place  his  or  her  head 
carefully  on  the  pillow  (p.  391)>  so  that 
it   occupies   exactly    the  angle   a   line 
drawn  from  the  head  to  the  shoulder 
would  form;  then  let  him  or  her  talce  a 
full  inspiration,  slightly  closing  their  lips, 
breathing  as  much  as  they  can  through 
the  nostrils ;  then  the  lungs  are  to  be  left 

3£ 


S94 


Review.— Sewell's  Papular  Evidincei  ofChristiamty.    [Oct* 

point  out  are>  V.  The  Apostoliotl 
Suecession.  VI.  TVadition  ;  an  im« 
portant  discussion,  temperately  and 
ably  treated. — ^The  account  of  the  thrat 
Creeds,  particularly  the  Athanaaian.— 
The  Bible  and  the  Church  in  con- 
nexion.— ^The  Chapter  XI.  on  the  Acta 
of  the  Apostles,  and  the  Apostolie 
Body  and  the  Church.  These  aubjeeta^ 
as  they  successively  appear,  ara  ably 
and  in  general  satisfactorily  traated  % 
and  it  is  needless  to  add,  to  thosa  wba 
are  acquainted  with  Mr»  Sawell'a 
writings,  that  the  st^la  is  anisafad 
nnd  eloquent.  There  is  ona  passa^s^ 
however.  Cap.  XL  p.  986,  which  wt 
think  might  as  well  naye  been  oa:iittad  i 
we  mean  that  beginning,  "^Far  ba  ft 
from  us,  I  replied,  to  say  that  the 
age  of  miracles  has  gone  oy,  or  that 
the  Church  may  not  still  be  endowed 
with  the  power  ofworiEingthem^'^te* 
es^cially  as,  in  an  elementanr  W«»^» 
it  18  as  well  to  abstain  from  bringing 
forward  doctrines  or  opinions  that 
would  be  very  reluctantly  received  \ff 
some,  and  not  assented  to  by  others. 
As  regards  the  Papal  Romish  Chnrdh, 
Mn  Sewell  has  spoken  in  a  manner 
which  shews  that  he  does  not  mean 
to  be  misunderstood  ormisrepresantad  i 
and  certainly  they  must  sin  against 
knowledge  who  should  Endeavour  to 
describe  his  work  as  in  any  degtee 
favourable  to  that  Church,  or  evea 
lenient  towards  its  errors  and  idol- 
atries. With  opposition  on  many  other 
points,  in  the  present  divisions  of  the 
Church,  he  will  be  prepared  to  meet ; 
but,  maugre  that,  we  should  like  to 
see  him  persevere  in  the  proposed  com* 
pletion  of  the  work,  which  would  treat 
of  subjects  that,  we  are  certain,  are 
not  only  6f  the  highest  interest,  bvt 
require,  at  the  present  juncture,  to  be 
brought  into  full  light,  and  exhibited  in 
their  true  dimensions. 


to  themselves  (p.  80),  the  patient  must 
depict  to  himself  that  he  sees  the  breath 
pass  from  his  nostrils  in  a  continuous 
stream,  and  the  very  instant  that  he 
brings  his  mind  to  conceive  this,  apart 
from  all  other  ideas,  (except,  we  pre- 
sume, the  idea  of  Dr.  Binns's  book,) 
at  that  instant  consciousness  and 
memory  depart,  and  Aeno  longer  toahes, 
but  sleeps.  Such,  gentle  reader,  is  the 
sum  total  of  this  volume  of  near  400 
pages,  and  we  pledge  ourselves  that 
this  is  the  only  part  of  the  whole  re- 
lating to  the  subject.  A  more  pro- 
found piece  of  confident  quackery  we 
never  read  in  our  lives. 

Postscript,  If  a  man  attempts  to  think 
of  his  wife  and  children,  we  must  tell 
him  (p.  384)  that  he  will  not  attain 
his  purpose, — he  will  only  be  able  to 
think  of  one  child  at  a  time  ;  or  if  he 
thinks  of  the  National  Gallery,  he 
cannot  think  of  the  whole  building,  but 
only  of  separate  parts  of  it,  such  as 
the  portico,  wings,  or,  perhaps,  of 
Mr.  Wilkins  the  architect.  Upon 
these  facts  is  founded,  we  are  told,  the 
doctrine  of  monotism.  We  forgot  to 
say  that  brushing  the  forehead  with  a 
soft  shaving  brush  will  be  found  ad- 
vantageous.   (V.  p.  382.) 

Popular  Evidences  of  Christianity,  By 
the  Rev.  W.  Sewell,  B.D. 
THE  author  says,  that  his  object  is 
to  bring  forward,  in  a  popular  form, 
that  part  of  the  Christian  Evidences 
which  may  be  found  in  the  witness  of 
the  Church  ;  and,  if  this  purpose  should 
meet  encouragement,  and  his  work 
find  sale,  it  would  require  that  the 
same  principles  should  be  traced  in 
the  Articles,  Liturgy,  Polity,  and 
especially  the  sacramental  ordinances ; 
but  this  part  is  ut  present  withheld, 
because  "  it  is  idle  to  waste  time  in 
writing  books,  or  to  load  the  press 
with  publishing  them,  if  they  are 
not  read."  The  work  is  in  dialogue ; 
the  persons,  a  churchman,  a  dissent- 
ing missionary,  and  a  Brahmin ;  the 
scene,  the  banks  of  the  Hooghly.  The 
subjects  discussed  are  divided  into 
di£ferent  chapters,  and  are,  through 
the  form  of  dialogue,  treated  in  a 
manner  that  makes  them  appre- 
hended without  difficulty  ;  and,  by  the 
objections  occasionally  raised  and 
answered,  the  attention  is  kept  alive. 
The  chapters  we  wish  particularly  to 


Archaohgia,  Vol.  XXX.  Part  /. 

THIS  published  selection  from  tila 
communications  made  to  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries  commences  with, 

1.  Copy  of  the  Inventory  of  ArchHihop 
Parkers  Goods  at  the  time  of  hisDe^th. 
Communicated  by  William  Sandys,  JSfy. 
F.S.A.  in  a  letter  to  Sir  Hewry  MUU, 
K,H.  F,R.S,  Secretcary, 

THE  value  of  such  docnmenfai  is 
that  they  present  ua  with  a  pttkti,  if 


1843.] 


Review. — Arch^ciogia,  Vol  XXX,  Part  I. 


395 


incidenUil«  commentary  on  the  man- 
ners and  qustom^  of  the  age  in  which 
they  were  compiled. 

"  The  inyentory  displays  a  goodly  col- 
lection of  plate,  apparel,  napery,  nimi- 
Ivei  &e«  hundaome  but  not  rich  or 
caifBOiMU  and  well  hefittina  his  station  in 
fiAb  We  may  refer  to  Strype's  observa- 
tUn  on  Mrs.  Parker,  that,  when  he  was 
tdfaoeed  to  ths  high  place  of  Archbishop 
of  Qanterbnry,  she  ordered  her  house- 
keeping so  nobly  and  sploididly,  (her 
fanuly  also  being  enkiged,)  that  all  things 
answered  that  yenerable  dignity.  The 
fomitnre  of  the  different  rooms  is  very 
iinillar,  varying  principally  in  number  and 
qnality  of  uie  articles,  consisting  of  sets 
of  luuigings,  tables  with  tressels,  joined 
forms,  joined  stools,  court  cupboards, 
carpets,  cushions,  and  a  few  chairs,  also 
andirons  and  other  fire  utensils,  and  several 
pairs  of  virginals  in  different  rooms, 
besides  a  pair  of  organs  in  the  chapel,  and 
an  '  instrument  musical,*  in  the  chamber 
of  presence.  The  carpets,  which  are 
■ametoua,  would  scarcely  aj^ear  to  have 
been  used  according  to  modern  custom 
for  the  floors  of  the  apartments  ;  Henti- 
aer  having  informed  us  that  the  presence 
chamber  of  Queen  Elisabeth  herself  was 
strewed  with  hay  (t.  e.  rushes)  ;  but  they 
were  principally  coverings  for  tiie  tables, 
stools,  and  court  cupboards,  though  they 
may  have  been  occasionally  used  to  cover 
some  select  part  of  a  room,  as  in  the  pre- 
sence chamber  for  instance,  where  a 
Turkey  carpet  is  mentioned  five  yards  and 
a  half  long,  and  two  yards  and  three 
quarters  broad.  The  court  cupboards, 
which  are  generally  considered  to  have 
been  moveable  closets,  answering  the 
purpose  of  a  sideboard,  were  frequently 
much  ornamented,  and  such  an  article 
may  still  be  seen  in  old  mansions,  and  in 
collections  of  old  furniture.  They  were 
covered  with  carpets  or  cupboard  cloths, 
and  set  out  with  cups,  salvers,  and  plate. 
Some  of  these  carpets  were  very  handsome. 
In  one  of  the  inventories  in  that  valuable 
authority  for  researches  of  this  nature, 
the  History  of  Hengrave,  is  mentioned 
'  one  carpet  of  black  velvet  for  the  little 
bord,  laced  and  fringed  with  silver  and 
gould,  lyned  with  taffeta/  Some  of  these 
earpets  also  had  cloths  to  lay  over  them, 
probably  when  not  in  use,  in  order  to 
protect  them.  In  the  same  inventory 
eushions  are  mentioned  which  in  riehnesa 
exceed  these  of  the  Archbishop,  as, '  two 
long  cushions  of  plain  blaek  velvet, 
embroidered  with  roses,  w*^  gould  and 
pearle  aU  over,  with  tassels  of  gold  and 
silk  ;'  but  the  nature  of  his  archi-episcopal 
office  probably  induced  him  to  avwdtoo 


much  splendour  in  his  household.  There 
is,  however,  in  the  chamber  of  presence  a 
cushion  of  cloth  of  baudkin,  and  in  other 
apartments  several  cushions  of  velvet  and 
damask.  The  chair  of  cloth  of  gold  and 
silver  in  the  gallery  was  probably  a 
state  chair,  and  indeed  from  the  paucity 
of  these  articles  they  would  seem  to  be 
intended  only  for  persons  of  higher  rank. 
From  the  *  latten  andirons '  in  the  cham* 
her  of  presence  being  valued  at  forty 
shillings,  it  may  be  inferred  that  they  were 
ornamented,  and  in  some  cases  we  know 
they  were  richly  carved.  lachimo,  de- 
scribing the  chamber  of  Imogen,  says, 

'  Her  andirons, 
(I  had  forgot  them,)  were  two  winking  cupids 
Of  silver,  each  on  one  foot  standing,  nicely 
Depending  on  their  brand?.' 

The  pictures  are  chiefly  portraits  of 
royal  personages,  the  principal  noblemen 
and  officers  of  state,  and  the  promoters  of 
the  Reformation ;  but  the  list  is  interesting 
to  shew  the  Archbishop's  selection.  In 
some  of  the  bedrooms  are  truckle-beds, 
(trundle-beds  as  they  are  called  in  some  of 
the  inventories  of  this  age.)  These  would 
seem  to  have  been  small  beds  generally 
appropriated  to  attendants,  and  placed  at 
the  foot  or  side  of  the  standing  or  prin- 
cipal bed,  and  occasionally  made  to  run 
under  it  during  the  day.  The  host,  in 
the  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  in  answer 
to  an  inquiry  after  Sir  John  Falstaff,  says^ 
*  There's  his  chamber,  his  house,  his 
castle,  his  standing  bed,  and  truckle-bed.* 
Hudibras  also  makes  the  distinction : 

'  If  he  that  in  the  field  is  slain, 
Be  in  the  bed  of  honour  lain. 
He  that  is  beaten  may  be  said 
To  lie  in  honour's  truckle-bed.'* 

In  my  Lord's  chamber  the  bed  is  a  field- 
bed  ;  but  this  sort  of  bed  may  have  been 
so  called  from  being  a  folding  bed,  as 
field-stool  from  fauld-stool,  and  not  as 
being  a  camp-bed  or  tit  de  champ.*   p.  4. 

The  items  we  have  passed  un- 
noticed are  numerous  and  interesting ; 
but  the  limits  of  our  space  render  it 
necessary  we  should  refer  the  reader 
to  the  volume  itself. 

2.  Additional  Observations  on  the 
Runic  Obeligic  at  Ruthtoell,  the  Poem  of 
the  Dream  of  the  Hohf  Rood,  and  a 
Runic  Copper  Dish  found  at  Chertsey, 

These  are  the  details  of  a  most 
singularly  happy  discovery. 

**  Some  members  of  the  Sodiety  of 
Antiquaries  possibly  may  be  aware  that  a 
few  years  ago  Dr.  Blum  discovered  at 
Yercellii  in  the  MllanesCi  a  manuscript 


396 


Review. — Archeeologia,  Vol,  XXX,  Part  1, 


[Oct. 


volume  of  Anglo-Saxon  homilies,  inter- 
mingled with  which  were  religious  poems 
of  considerable  length.' '  • 

The  then  existing  Record  Commis- 
sioD  caused  six  of  the  poems  to  be 
printed  under  the  able  superintendence 
of  Mr.  Thorpe,  Singular  to  say,  the 
fifth  of  these  poems,  intituled  the 
Dream  of  the  Holy  Rood,  contained 
all  that  had  been  recovered  of  the 
Ruthwell  inscription,  together  with 
much  more  of  that  inscription  which 
must  have  perished,  correcting  in  some 
respects,  and  confirming  in  others,  the 
conclusions  at  which  Mr.  Kemble  had 
arrived  by  laborious  comparison  of  the 
half-worn  lines  of  the  stone.  The 
Dream  of  the  Holy  Rood  seems  to  be 
a  poem  of  an  allegorical  character, 
which  might  have  done  honour  to  the 
genius  of  Bunyan. 

It  is  unnecessary  here  to  detail  the 
Anglo-Saxon  portion  of  the  Dream, 
which  Mr.  Kemble  has  so  happily 
identified  with  the  inscription  on 
the  Ruthwell  obelisk  or  cross.  The 
following  is  the  English  version  of 
the  lines : 

'*  Then  the  young  hero  prepared  himself, 
That  was  Almighty  God, 
Strong  and  firm  of  mood 
He  mounted  the  lofty  cross 
Courageously  in  the  sight  of  many. 
if.  *  *  * 

Christ  was  on  the  cross, 

Yet  thither  hastening 

Men  came  from  afar 

Unto  the  noble  one. — 

I  beheld  that  all, 

"With  sorrow  I  was  overwhelmed, 

The  warriors  left  me  there, 

Standing  defiled  with  gore. 

I  was  all  wounded  with  shafts. 

They  laid  him  down,  limb-weary. 

They  stood  at  the  corpse's  head. 

They  beheld  the  Lord  of  Heaven." 

The  passages  transferred  from  the 
Dream  of  the  Holy  Rood  to  the  cross 
of  Ruthwell  are  four,  and  the  poem 
has  enabled  Mr.  Kemble  to  restore, 
with  a  certainty  quite  surprising,  the 
defaced  and  doubtful  portions  of  the 
inscription  which  time  had  mouldered 
on  the  cross  I 

A  probable  solution  for  the  Runic 
inscription  on  the  copper  dish  dis- 
covered about  a  century  and  a  half 
ago  on  the  site  of  Chertsey  Abbey,  and 
now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Wetton, 
in  that  town,  is  given  by  Mr.  Kemble. 


He  reads  the  letters  embossed  on 
the  rim  Geteoh  URiBCKO,  which,  he 
thinks,  is  an  erroneous  version  of  an 
older  inscription,  and  his  hypothesis 
is  thus  summed  up. 

'<  There  was  once  another  vessel  of 
somewhat  similar  form  and  material  used 
to  collect  the  alms  of  the  faithful  in  the 
very  ancient  church  of  the  monastery  of 
St.  Peter  ;  the  inscription  and  the  veeiel 
itself  having  by  lapse  of  time  become  worn 
out,  a  copy  was  made  of  them,  the  fbrm 
of  the  dish  varying  a  little  in  accordance 
with  the  altered  taste  of  the  time ;  Imt 
the  inscription  being  reproduced  UtermHn^ 
to  the  best  of  the  copyist's  ability.  Thitf 
took  place  towards  the  close  of  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  power  in  England,  when  the  Runes 
had  ceased  to  be  intelligible  ;  and,  lastly, 
Mr.  Wetton's  dish  is  the  copy  -to  made.*' 

Mr.  Kemble  adverts  to  the  super- 
stitious reverence  paid  even  in  late 
times  to  books  containing  Runic  cha'-' 
raclers, 

'<  The  Red  Book  of  Derby,  now  in 
Corpus  Christi  College,  can  have  owed 
its  sanctity  to  nothing  else,  and  of  tfajs  it 
was  believed  that  if  a  man  swore  falsely 
upon  it  his  eyes  would  drop  from  his  head.** 

Tradition,  Mr.  Kemble  thinks,  had 
preserved  the  import  of  the  inscription 
on  the  Chertsey  dish,  and  the  awful 
exhortation,  "  offer,  sinner/'  still 
warned  the  Christian  worshipper  of 
his  real  condition. 

3.  An  Account  of  the  Opening  and 
Examination  of  a  considerable  number 
of  Tumuli  on  Breach  Downs,  in  the 
county  of  Kent :  in  a  Letter  from  Lord 
Albert  Conyngham,  F,S,A,  to  John 
Yonge  AJcerman,  esq.  F.S, A, ;  followed 
hy  Mr,  Akerman's  remarks  upon  Lord 
Albert  Conyngham's  excavations. 

This  is  one  of  those  pick-axe  and 
spade  researches  of  which  there  are 
other  successful  examples  in  the  Trans- 
actions of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries. 
The  explorations  at  Breach  Down  were 
made  in  the  month  of  September  and 
October  1842,  by  permission  of  Sir 
Henry  Oxenden,  lord  of  the  manor* 
Breach  Downs  lie  four  miles  from 
Canterbury,  on  the  road  to  Eleham 
and  Hythe,  a  mile  south  of  the  high 
road  between  Canterbury  and  Dover, 
Thus  by  a  glance  at  the  map  of  Kent 
their  proximity  to  two  Roman  roads  will 
be  observed,  that  over  Barham  Downs 
leading  to  Canterbury  and  Dover,  ,9nd 
that  leading  from  Uanterbury  iiti  i^ 


1843.] 


Review.— ^rc^o%ifl.  Vol,  XXX.  Pari  L 


397 


direct  line  southward  to  Stutfall  Cas- 
tle and  Lymne  (Portus  Lemanis.) 

Lord  A.  Conyngham  counted  one 
hundred  and  three  tumuli  upon  that  part 
of  the  downs  near  the  village  of  Bar- 
ham  :  many  of  these  had  been  opened 
by  Sir  Thomas  Mantell  about  two  and 
thirty  years  ago.  His  lordship,  in  the 
presence  of  Messrs.  fiartlett,  of  King- 
ston rectory,  Mr.  Charles  Oxenden, 
and  Mr.  Akerman,  began  his  operations 
by  causing  thirteen  barrows  to  be 
opened ;  they  varied,  it  appears,  much 
in  height,  from  8  to  3  or  4  feet,  while 
some  were  scarcely  to  be  distinguished 
from  the  level  of  thesurroundingsward. 
Traces  of  an  old  entrenchment  are  ex- 
tant near  the  spot,  with  which  it  would 
be  difficult  to  suppose  but  these  tumuli 
were  connected.  Within  each  barrow 
was  a  cist  or  grave  cut  in  the  solid 
chalk,  from  east  to  west,  I  or  2,  and 
in  some  cases  3  or  4  feet  deep.  The 
objects  which  were  found  in  these 
graves  are  detailed  for  the  most  part 
with  sufficient  minuteness,  although 
we  regret  no  sketch  of  the  form  of  the 
military  weapons  found  has  been  given 
in  the  illustrative  plates,  and  we  must 
therefore  be  contented  with  the  state- 
ment of  the  discovery  of  "  a  long  sword 
or  a  spear-head,"  without  knowing 
positively  whether  these  implements 
were  of  bronze  or  iron,  a  very  material 
circumstance  in  assigning  their  anti- 
quity ;  we,  however,  suppose  they  were 
composed  of  the  latter.  Numerous 
tumuli  were  subsequently  explored, 
and  the  whole  presented  considerable 
uniformity  of  deposition. 

'^  It  is  remarkable  that  during  the  whole 
time  of  these  excavations  but  one  coin  was 
found,  and  that  in  such  a  corroded  state 
as  to  be  valuable  merely  in  shewing  that 
the  interments  must  have  been  subsequent 
to  its  issue.  It  is  of  the  tyrant  Victorinus, 
whose  money  is  repeatedly  discovered  in 
almost  every  European  state.  We  have, 
therefore,  evidence  that  the  group  of 
tumuli  on  Breach  Downs  cannot  be  re- 
ferred to  a  period  earlier  than  the  sway 
of  that  usurper,  while  it  is  equally  clear 
that  the  gold  pendant  ornament  or  bulla, 
which  was  found  in  the  same  grave,  must 
be  assigned  to  a  much  later  date.  From 
the  device  and  workmanship  we  may  safely 
conclude  that  it  is  not  earlier  than  the 
reign  of  the  Emperor  Justin.'* 

Plate  1  of  Vol.  XXX.  represents  a 
variety  of  the  articles  found  during 
the  fxcavation,  but  i%  ia  obvious  that 


their  distinct  character  for  purposes  of 
reference  is  utterly  destroyed  by  an 
attempt  of  the  artist  at  light,  shadow^ 
and  grouping ;  it  is,  indeed,  a  matter 
of  considerable  difficulty  to  pick  out 
from  the  shadowed  ground  even  the 
numbers  of  reference.  The  articles 
are  of  a  mixed  character ;  the  vase^ 
ribbed  in  parallel  lines,  closely  and 
vertically  arranged,  we  should  pro- 
nounce decidedly  Roman,  as  also  that 
ornamented  with  horizontal  lines, 
placed  a  short  distance  asunder.  The 
counterparts  of  these  vessels  may  be 
found  among  the  Lillington  vases  pre- 
served at  Clare  Hall.  The  brooch, 
adorned  with  an  interlaced  knotted 
pattern,  exactly  corresponds  with  the 
style  of  sculpture  of  many  ancient 
crosses  extant  in  England  and  Wales, 
which  may  be  placed  as  low  as  the 
sixth  or  seventh  centuries. 

Let  us  now  refer  to  some  of  the  most 
remarkable  items  of  Lord  Albert  Co- 
nyngham's  report.  [Excavations  of 
the  2nd  and  4th  of  September.] 

"  6.  A  tolerably  perfect  skeleton,  with 
a  knife  by  the  side.     7,  8.  Two  tumuli 
had  skeletons,  each  with  a  knife  by  the 
side.     2.  A  large  sword  lay  by  the  side  of 
the  skeleton  in  this  grave ;  there  were  also 
the  remains  of  the  umbo  of  a  shield  which 
crumbled  at  the  touch,  a  kj^ife,  with  a 
small  buckle^  and  a  spear-head  of  the  usual 
form,    [qy.  what  form?  none  has  been 
depicted?]  in  good  preservation.    4,  5* 
These  contained  skeletons,  each  witii  a 
knife  of  the  usual  shape  [shape  not  givenj 
and  small  buckles.     [Excavations  of  the 
15th  Sept.]  -^1 .  A  perfect  skeleton,  with  a 
knife  RBd  small  buckle  on  the  left  side,  and 
on  therighta spear-headf  at  the  feet  several 
pyrites.    3.  A  skeleton  much  decomposed, 
with  a  perfect  spear  heady  the  wood  re- 
maining in  the  socket>^t^e  and  buckle  on 
the  left  side.    7*  An  imperfect  skeleton, 
a  knife,     [In  the  excavation  of  the  21st 
September  ten  more  tumuli  were  opened. 
Among  the  contents  of  these:]    7.  An 
imperfect  skeleton,   a  knife,    9„  A  de- 
composed skeleton,  a  knife,  t.  3.  A  skele- 
ton much  decomposed,  on  its  Irft  a  kr^e 
and  spear  head,  calcined  bones.    4.   A 
skeleton  with  a  spear -head  and  knife  as 
usual.     6.  A  skeleton  in  Mr  preservation, 
a   large   knife,    spear   head^    long    and 
straight,  two  buckles,  two  iron  rings.     1. 
An  imperfect  skeleton,  and  knife,   3.  An 
imperfect  skeleton,  knife,  part  of  the  jaw 
of  a  horse.    4.  An  imperfect  skeleton, 
spear  head,  and  knife,     [On  the  12th  of 
Oct.  twelve  tumoU  more  were  explored.] 


398 


RKViEy/f.-^Archeologia,  Vol  XXX.  Pari  /. 


[Oct. 


3.  A  skeletoDi  perfect,  two  imall  bucklcf , 
knife  and  tpear  head,** 

Now  it  will,  we  think,  be  obvioua 
to  the  most  superficial  observer,  and 
might  have  been  made  the  subject  of 
particular  notice  by  the  explorators 
in  their  report,  that  the  perpetual  re* 
currenee  of  knives  and  belt-buckles 
deposited  with  the  skeletons  indicated 
the  costume  of  a  particular  people. 
What  then  were  these  appendages  but 
the  well-known  tecu^s  of  the  Anglo- 
Saxons,  and  the  buckles  of  the  belts  to 
which  they  were  appended,  and  which 
confined  their  tunics?  Of  this  we 
may  say  more  in  another  place. 

The  rude  stycas  which  were  found 
near  the  spot  strengthen  the  conjecture 
of  the  ingenious  Douglas  in  his  Nasnia 
Britannica,  that  these  were  the  burial 
grounds  of  early  Christians  before  such 
places  were  annexed  to  churches,  and 
are  found  commonly  near  Saxon  sta- 
tions :  to  which  we  add,  that  this  was 
probably  the  burial-ground  of  the 
Roman  station  adjacent  on  Barham 
Down,  and  that  it  was  afterwards  used 
for  sepulture  by  an  Anglo-Saxon  garri- 
son. Nearly  the  same  thing  occurred 
in  the  Roman  ustrinum  at  Litlington« 
Cambridgeshire  :  there  the  Saxon  se- 
pulchral deposits  were  found  in  some 
instances  to  be  made  over  the  Roman 
urns.  As  to  the  pyrites  and  globular 
shaped  flints,  they  were  talismanic  or 
lucky  stones.  The  field-mice  finding 
their  way  into  the  sepulchres  ia  a 
circumstance  of  which  we  remember 
other  instances.  They  came  perhaps 
to  partake  of  the  etngua  ccma  feralia 
deposited  with  the  body. 

4.  AccouMt  qf  the  opening  by  Matthew 
BeU,  Esq,  ^f  an  aneieut  Briiuh  Bamnt 
in  Iffi%9  Wood,  near  Canterlmry,  m  tht 
month  qf  January,  1842.  Bg  John 
Yonge  Akerman,  Eiq*  F.S.A. 

Iffins  Wood  lies  two  miles  S.£«  of 
Canterbury,  a  little  to  the  right  of  the 
Roman  road  called  Stone  Street,  which 
ran  from  Durovernum,  (CanterlHuy,) 
to  the  Portus  Lemanis  (Lymne),  near 
Hythe.  Extensive  remains  of  Roman 
works  exist  at  this  place,  and  the 
foundations  of  a  Christian  chapel  are 
also  extant  on  the  spot.  "The  re- 
mains of  fortifications  in  the  wood 
are  supposed  by  many  to  be  on  the 
place  to  which  the  Britons  retreated 
after  they  were  driven  by  the  Romans 


from  their  hold  in  tha  wooda."  Of 
course  nothing  conclQsiva  otuok  bf  ii|<» 
ferred  on  this  point*  and  the  ^tiqvaiy 
must  suspend  conjecture  aad  feC«r 
simply  to  tangible  facta*  About  960 
faet  westward  of  th9  chapel  it  • 
tumulus  15Q  feet  in  circumfcrtBct. 
and  about  9  feet  high.  Mr.  B«n 
caused  a  trench  to  he  cut  through  the 
centre  of  the  barrow  north  anil  aouth* 
and  discovered  ^^e  urns,  rather  ir- 
regularly placed,  two  ahoat  the  eentre 
of  the  tumulus,  and  three  on  ite 
eastern  side. 

<<  The  malarial  of  whteh  these  ems  weve 
composed  was  ef  the  mdast  imadftkmf 
consisting  of  half-baked  eUy  mlsBd  wA. 
numerous  (^aimeate  of  vikM»  whioh 
crumbled  at  the  toaoh»  so  that  tMv  re« 
moval  entire  was  impossible.  The  urue 
were  all  found  with  their  m9uik9  4iiim^ 
wardSf  filled  with  aahes,  charcoal^  and 
minute  fragments  of  bones.  .  .  .  The 
mouths  of  the  urns  were  eioaetj  stopped 
with  unburned  clay,  whidi  appearea  to 
have  been  firmly  rammed  in." 

Mr.  Akerman  hinta  at  the  proha* 
bility  of  the  snggeation  that  these 
were  the  remains  of  Britona  who  fell 
in  Caesar's  engagement  with  Caaaive* 
launua ;  but  mis  hut  ill  a|preee  wiUi 
the  text  of  the  Gommeiitartes,  which 
tells  us  that  the  ptrong^hold  of  Cue* 
sivelan  was  among  the  Trinohantea.* 
Their  proximity  to  extensive  earth* 
works,  and  to  a  well-estahliahed 
Roman  way,  would,  however,  perhi^ia 
more  strongly  weigh  for  the  conclu^a 
that  they  were  the  remains  of  some 
British  auxiliaries  of  a  Roman  gnurrii 
son^  who  had  been  interred  with  all 
the  honours  of  the  funeral  pile. 

5^  A  Letter  Jhm  John  Gage  Roke- 
wode«  E9q.  JHreetor,  ou  the  scuMwred 
fia^r^  qf  TFekh  KmgktM  at  KUpwk 
CMMreh^  ifer^ordsAtre. 

ITiese  are  probably  relics  of  the 
1 2th  century.  The  figures  wear  ''Fhry- 
gian  caps,"  or  rather  periiapa  helmete 
similar  to  that  represented  on  the 
enamelled  tablel  of  Qeoflirey  Pian- 
tagenet  at  Mass  :f  they  have  elose 
vests,  or  qailted  gaabceone,  trawsere, 
and  belta  like  coi^ ;  one  ^gure  bears 
a  sword,  and  the  other  we  think. 


^p— ■• 


♦  Gasse  de  Bella  CWttco,  Hb.  V. 
t  See  StaOaid'a  MewuMBtal 


lt4SJ 


Riyiiw^*^iiilge*g  nmph  Church. 


399 


ftGCordllig  to  tlie  pfint^  Aot  a  Modfti  but 
ft  JftTelin  Wi&  ft  h«ad  batb«d  lik«  ft 
broftd  arrow. 

6.  Oi«0r0a/tbfit  on  certain  proceedingi 
M  /Ae  iS^ar  Cktmker  against  Lord  Vaiut, 
SHr  Tkom^a  7V««Aam«  3ir  WtUiam 
Cat9$bg,  and  ctherM,  /or  refusing  to 
9woar  that  theg  had  not  harhonred 
banqtion  the  Jesuit*  By  John  Bmce^ 
Esq,  F,S,^t 

Thift  paper  eomprUea  a  nftrrativd  of 
proee«ditig8  in  tne  Btar  Chamberi 
ftgainst  Sat  i^ersotid  above  nftOBedi 
eontained  in  Harleian  MS.  No.  859> 
fol.  44  to  51,  with  a  coiABientary  by 
Mr.  Bruce ;  it  is  deseribed  as  one  of 
the  moftt  minttte  ftetiountft  w«  postefta 
Of  a  proceeding  ore  tinns  in  the  Star 
Chamber,  ftftd  records  the  opinions  of 
the  highest  le|^  officers  of  that  dfty 
upon  SOine  important  questions  on 
constitutional  Iftw.  It  therefore  fomts 
ft  Tftiuftble  supplement  to  Mr.  Briice's 
fenner  essnys  on  the  constitution  ftnd 
practice  of  Wftt  arbitrary  court. 

(!n>  he  continued,) 


The  Temph  Church :  an  Account  qf  its 
BeetoTaHone  and  Rq^aire.  Bg  Wil- 
liam Barge,  esq. 

FROM  the  prominent  station  oc* 
copied  by  Mr.  Burge  doriog  the  pro- 
gress of  the  restorations,  this  worlt 
may  be  received  as  ah  authentic,  al- 
though not  an  officiiil,  account  of  the 
pr6ceedingB ;  the  author  talceing  upon 
nimself  the  individual  responsibility  of 
the  fttfttements  it  contains,  ftnd  the 
Sentiments  which  it  expresses. 

After  a  rapid  slcetch  of  the  rise  atid 
progress  6f  Qothic  architecture,  the 
decoration  of  churches,  and  a  sum* 
mary  of  the  various  church  warden^like 
repairs  which  the  Temple  Church  had 
from  time  tb  time  undergone,  the 
author  refers  with  satisfaction  to  the 
spirit  of  church  restoration  which  is 
liow  so  prevalent,  paying  a  just  and 
well-merited  compliment  to  the  "  pious 
ftrid  learned  writers  of  the  (Oxford) 
Tracts,''and  to  the  Cambridge  Camden 
Society,  for  the  exercise  of  the  most 
beneficial  in^uence  in  the  promotion  of 
ecclesiastical  architecture,  as  well  as 
to  the  Oxford  Architectural  Society. 

The  repairs  now  so  happily  closed 
at  the  Temple  Church  were  preluded 
by  a  pftrtiftl  restorfttion  in  1825,  when 


the  Italian  alterations,  made  it  is  be« 
lieved  by  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  were 
removed,  and  a  not  very  satisfactory 
imitation  of  Norman  design  and  ma- 
sonry succeeded  them.  These  re- 
pairs were  attended  by  the  never 
enough  to  be  regretted  destruction  of 
the  Very  curious  chapel  of  St.  Anne. 

In  the  spring  of  1840  it  was  deter- 
mined to  undertake  an  effective  and 
complete  restoration  of  the  entire 
church,  and  the  joint  Committee  of  the 
two  societies  of  the  Inner  and  Middle 
Temple  commenced  their  proceedings 
by  obtaining  reports  on  the  state  of 
tiie  buildings,  and  the  style  and  extent 
Of  the  necessary  restorations,  from 
persons  the  best  qualified  to  advise 
them  on  these  several  departments. 

Mr.  Savage  and  Mr.  Cottingham 
gave  in  a  report  on  the  architecture, 
and  Mr.  Willement  wrote  an  extended 
essay  on  the  decorations  of  ancient 
churches  in  general,  shewing  their  ap- 
plicability to  the  present  structure^ 
which  is  given  in  this  work,  and  forms 
a  valoftble  treatise  on  the  subject,  well 
worthy  of  the  attention  of  architectural 
antiquaries.  The  opinions  of  eminent 
architects  and  artists  were  taken  on  the 
difficult  question  of  removing  the  organ, 
which  at  that  time  formed  a  barrier 
between  the  round  and  square  churches* 
The  necessity  of  this  removal  was  ap« 
parent ;  but,  at  the  same  time,  so 
great  a  difficulty  presented  itself  as  to 
the  best  situation  in  which  to  place 
it,  that  no  small  degree  of  praise  is 
due  to  Mr.  Savage  for  his  suggestion 
of  a  chamber  outside  the  walls  of  the 
church,  which  appears  to  have  obviated 
every  objection,  and  has  been  adopted 
with  the  best  results.  The  various 
reports  and  correspondence  with  emi- 
nent artists  and  architects  upon  the 
subject  of  the  repairs  compose  the  bulk 
of  the  volume. 

At  the  same  time  that  the  restora- 
tions of  the  fhbric  were  effected,  the 
service  of  the  church,  in  a  spiritual 
view  the  most  important  object  of  at- 
tention, has  been  greatly  improved. 
The  cathedral  service  has  been  intro- 
duced, and  the  revival  of  the  daily 
offices  has  been  suggested ;  and  it  is 
to  be  hoped  the  Benchers  will  carry 
this  suggestion  into  effect.  We  know 
that  the  magnificent  structures  of  an- 
tiquity, of  whieh  the  Temple  Church 
Wft8  one  of  the  fiiieat^  were  not  erected 


400 


Review.— Markland*8  JRemarh  a»  English  Churches.  ^Jflcfip 


ibr  the  service  of  ooe  day  in  the  week» 
and,  AS  A  feeling  in  favoar  of  daily 
service  is  now  rising  in  the  country, 
sorely  there  can  be  no  better  place  for 
its  revival  than  a  church  which  has 
b^n  restored  to  the  state  in  which  it 
vas  left  by  its  founders,  and  no  more 
convenient  opportunity  can  be  found 
for  its  commencement  than  the  period 
of  completion  of  the  fabric  in  all  the 
effulgence  of  its  former  glory.  Feeling, 
with  the  writers  of  the  Tracts,  as 
quoted  by  Mr,  Burge,  "  that  the  ex- 
ternal worship  of  God  in  his  church 
is  the  great  witness  to  the  world  that 
our  heart  stands  right  in  that  service 
of  God,"  we  add  a  hope  that  the  daily 
service  will  be  recommenced,  to  cease 
no  more  until  this  splendid  pile,  with 
the  other  solemn  temples  of  the  Chris- 
tian world,  shall  give  way  to  the  more 
glorious  and  heavenly  temple  in  which 
that  worship  shall  resound  to  eternity. 
We  cordially  recommend  Mr. 
Burge's  volume  to  all  admirers  of 
church  restoration,  more  especially  to 
those  engaged  personally  in  that  good 
work  ;  they  will  learn  from  his  ex- 
ample and  exertions  what  can  be 
effiected  with  perseverance,  and  they 
will  derive  encouragement  to  proceed 
in  their  task,  without  being  discou- 
raged by  difficulties,  or  deterred  by 
opposition. 

Remarks  on  English  Churches,  and  on 
the  expediency  of  rendering  Sepulchral 
Memorials  subservient  to  pious  and 
Christian  uses,     BgJ.H.  Markland, 
F.R.S,  and  S.A.     3rd  Edition,  en- 
larged,    Oxford,  12mo. 
THE  author  has  considerably  am- 
plified his  work  since  the  thin  pani- 
phlet  in  which  the  first  edition  was 
contained,  and  it  is  pleasing  to  see  that 
the  results  of  his  exertions  have  been 
most  satisfactory. 

The  remarks  on  English  Churches 
comprise  a  long  and  melancholy  cata- 
logue of  the  heavy  succession  of  evils 
which  have  fallen  on  the  churches  of 
the  land  since  the  ages  of  piety  which 
first  saw  them  reared.  In  the  first 
place,  came  the  indiscriminate  destruc- 
tion of  the  monasteries ;  then  the 
neglect  of  the  parochial  edifices ;  after- 
wards, the  direct  mischief  effiected  by 
the  hands  of  the  open  enemy,  as  Dow- 
sing and  his  worthy  associates  ;  and 
lastly,  the  silent  but  too  prevalent 
8 


cause*  of  decay  arising  from  the 
Uikewarmness  of  the  assumed  friends 
of  the  Church.  The  whole  is  summed 
up  with  the  detail  of  injuries  effected 
by  the  modern  improver,  far  greater 
and  tenfold  more  destructive  than 
either  of  the  former  causes.  To  this 
agency  are  we  mainly  indebted  for  the 
destruction  of  pulpits,  rood-screens, 
and  monuments,  and  to  the  introduc- 
tion of  the  pew  abomination. 

From  the  fabric  of  the  church  the 
author  turns  to  the  sepulchral  monu<» 
ments  which  adorn  or  encumber,  as 
the  case  may  be,  the  interiors  of  our 
finest  churches — and  here  we  have 
presented  a  fruitful  source  of  in- 
jury to  the  church  fabric,  arising  from 
the  introduction  of  monuments  with 
heathen  designs  and  inscriptions,, 
marked  by  fulsome  praise,  and  even 
worse  than  that;  of  this  class  th^ 
crowning  abomination  seems  to  b^ 
the  monument  of  John  Sheffield,  Duke 
of  Buckingham,  in  Henry  VII.'s  chapel, 
which  is  not  only  offensive  as  a  work 
of  art,  but  is  doubly  so  from  its  hav- 
ing displaced  a  fine  composition  of 
tabernacle  work  and  statues,  destroyed 
to  make  way  for  it.  And  as  if  it 
was  not  sufficient  that  the  pile  should 
display  a  heathen  deity  (Saturn)  with 
genii,  desecrating  God's  holy  church 
with  pagan  trash,  the  unhappy  man 
buried  beneath  it,  has  even  recorded 
with  his  own  pen  his  daring  re^ 
nunciation  of  the  only  means  of  sal- 
vation—a sad  contrast  to  the  ancient 
sepulchral  monument,  where  the  de- 
ceased is  seen  raising  his  hands  in 
prayer,  and  the  inscription,  speak- 
ing not  of  a  dead  but  of  a  living  and 
immortal  soul,  calls  upon  the  passen- 
ger to  pray  for  its  peace  and  eternal 
happiness.  How  lamentable  it  is  to 
hear  of  the  scruples  of  Atterbury, 
quibbling  with  the  inscription,  but  still 
suffering  both  that  and  the  monument 
to  be  raised  in  the  church.  We  hope 
the  time  is  not  distant  when  the  in- 
terior of  this  royal  chapel  will  be  re- 
paired, and  this  odious  monument,  with 
some  others,  will  be  spurned  out  of 
its  walls. 

The  object  of  the  author  is  to  re- 
commend some  work  either  of  positive 
utility,  as  a  font,  pulpit,  altar,  or 
screen,or  of  embellishment,  as  a  painted 
window,  to  be  given  as  a  memorial  of 
the  deceased^  instead  of  encumberinf; 


1843.] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews, 


401 


the  building  witH  a  monument.  The 
good  effects  of  the  publication  have 
appeared  from  the  erection  of  numerous 
windows  of  memorial  in  different 
churches,  as  well  as  other  means  of 
commemorating  deceased  individuals, 
and  embellishing  the  church,  less  self- 
ish than  the  erection  of  a  mere  mo-, 
numental  tablet.  — -^ 

The  Appendix  contains  much  in- 
teresting matter.  The  section  which 
treats  of  epitaphs,  contrasts  the  piety 
and  brevity  of  the  ancient  with  the4 
adulatory  tone  and  length  of  the  mo- 
dern composition.  The  practice  of  in- 
terment in  churches  is  deprecated,  as 
leading  to  the  raising  of  monuments 
often  unsightly  and  very  frequently 
interfering  most  unnecessarily  with 
the  architecture  of  the  structure,  and 
to  no  one  does  the  censure  apply  more 
forcibly  and  truly  than  to  that  of 
Bishop  Hoadlyat  Winchester,  of  whom 
it  was  so  forcibly  but  truly  said  by 
Dr.  Milner,  and  quoted  with  approba- 
tion by  our  author,  "  that  it  may  be 
said  with  truth  of  Dr.  Hoadly,  that 
both  living  and  dying  he  undermined 
the  church  of  which  he  was  a  prelate." 
The  vile  slabs  which  disfigure  the  walls 
of  our  large  churches  seem  often  to  be 
thrust  most  obtrusively,  and  apparently 
designedly,  into  some  arcade,  as  one 
in  Worcester  Cathedral,  figured  at  p. 
182,  where  a  paltry  piece  of  marble 
with  an  inscription  destroys  two  fine 
niches  forming  part  of  a  series  ;  and 
we  recollect  feeling  indignant  at  seeing 
that  a  slab  of  similar  pretensions  had 
actually  been  thejneans  of  destroying 
one  of  the  -canopies  of  Prior  Rahere's 
tomb  at  St.  Bartholomew's,  London. 


The  additional  wood-engravi| 
the  present  edition  exhibit 
jects  of  interest  in  connej 
design  of  the  work^«^SBPEHitispiece 
is  an  altar- ton^npRm^  church  of 
Colyton,  Jjg0fKSte,  representing  a 
youn&di!iu^&  grand-daughter  of  Ed- 
waralV.  who  was  choked  with  the 
bone  of  a  fish.  Independent  of  the 
history,  the  monumen] 
ing  example^f-ir-gffiill  altar-tomb. 

It  gec^fifio  us  that  the  small  basin 
-Attached  to  the  font  engraved  at  page 
92  was  for  the  chrism,  and  its  position 
is  unusual,  if  not  unique  ;  a  bracket  is 
often  seen  attached  to  the  foot,  but 
more  commonly  a  niche  or  bracket 
is  met  with  against  a  wall  or  pillar  of 
the  church  near  the  font,  upon  or  in 
which  the  vessel  containing  the  con- 
secrated chrism  was  usually  deposited. 

A  beautiful  carved  eagle  desk,  sus- 
taining the  Bible  used  by  the  officiating 
minister  in  the  chapel  of  the  Holy 
Evangelists  at  Kellerton,  Devon,  is 
shown  in  one  of  the  plates.  The  Bible 
and  Prayer  Book  of  this  new  church 
are  stated  to  be  bound  in  the  most 
splendid  style,  and  such  is  the  massive- 
ness  of  the  binding  that  the  Bible 
weighs  39  pounds. 

In  two  other  plates  the  monumental 
window  to  the  memory  of  Miss  Chan- 
dler at  Chichester  is  exhibited.  One 
of  the  plates  is  coloured.  The  subject 
of  the  painted  glass  is  the  Six  Acts  of 
Mercy. 

It  is  pleasing  to  see  the  first  fruits 
of  Mr.  Markland's  labours,  and  we 
sincerely  hope  that  the  future  harvest 
will  be  abundant. 


A  Sermon  preached  July  26,  1843,  at 
the  Vieitaiion  qf  the  Ven,  Archdeacon  of 
Northumberland.  By  John  Besly,  D,  C,L. 
Vicar  of  Long  Benton,  8t>o.— The  object 
of  this  discourse  is  to  vindicate  the  Church 
of  England  from  the  charge  of  innova- 
tion, whether  in  her  first  reformation,  or 
in  her  present  restoration  of  discipline. 
Dr.  Besly  concurs  with  Dr.  Symons, 
Warden  of  Wadham,  in  asserting  and 
maintaining  that  her  rule  has  been  Not 
Vetera  inetauramus,  nova  non  prodimue. 
He  takes  his  stand,  however,  upon  the 
foundations  of  bis  own  Church,  as  of  fuU 
authority.  **  Be  the  usages  of  primitive 
antiquity,  or  the  doctrines  of  the  Church 
Catholic,  what  they  may,  it  is  to  the  usages 

Gbmt.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


of  the  Church  within  this  realm  of  Eng- 
land established,  that  we  are  bound  to 
conform,  it  is  her  doctrines  that  we  have 
sworn  to  accept  and  to  maintain.*'  He 
then  proceeds  to  inquire  '*  for  the  old 
paths,  and  where  is  the  good  way,"  in 
matters  of  discipline  and  of  doctrine,  and 
this  with  a  perspicuity  of  method,  and  a 
soundness  of  judgment,  which  render 
this  discourse  very  deserving  of  the  pe- 
rusal of  his  clerical  brethren. 


The  Three  Queetiout:  What  am  17 
Whence  came  I?  Whither  do  I  go 7 
12mo.— The  fervid,  yet  natural  and  flow- 
ing strain  of  eloquence  which  breathes 
throughout  these  P>Sp«»  may  win  read- 


\ 


^2 


Miscellaneous  Reviews* 


[Oct. 


era  wB^  might  have  neglected  a  more 
formal  wdtv^  on  the  "  Evidences  of  Chris- 
tianity."      ^^  ^ 

Fragments  from  Gervian  Prose  Writers. 
By  Sarah  Austin. — We  hafW  been  so  much 
pleased  with  this  volume,  with  ih«beauty 
of  the  selection,  and  the  neatness  anid^ ele- 
gance of  the  translation,  that  we  hope 
V-n  (\jistin  may  be  induced  to  add  an- 
other to  It,  tor  ^rfeich  ample  materials  are 
at  her  command.  JTlic-  notes  contain 
very  useful  and  interesting  inform^tHi.n  on 
the  authors.  While  the  name  of  6o6tfi^ 
is  in  every  one's  mouth,  and  the  Faust 
everywhere  quoted  and  praised,  how  little 
is  known  in  England  of  him,  and  of  his 
other  productions,  critical  and  reflective  I 
We  therefore  think  a  good  account  of 
him,  taken  from  his  memoirs  and  letters, 
with  an  analysis  of  his  works  in  prose 
and  verse,  accompanied  with  judicious 
extracts,  would  be  a  work  worthy  of  the 
talents  of  Mrs.  Austin,  and  most  accept- 
able to  the  public.  And  if  Dr.  Hawtrey 
and  Mr.  John  E.  Taylor  would  lend  their 
assistance  in  the  poetical  translations,  we 
should  have  a  volume  at  once  valuable 
for  its  materials  and  its  workmanship. 
In  the  meanwhile  it  is  no  trifling  acqui- 
sition to  be  in  possession  of  the  present. 

The  Neighbours  i  a  Story  of  Every -day 
Life.  By  Frederika  Bremer.  Translated 
by  Mary  Howitt. — Mrs.  Howitt  has  com- 
pared the  author  of  this  work  to  our  ac- 
complished countrywoman  Miss  Austin 
the  novelist,  whereas,  in  our  apprehension, 
nothing  can  be  more  unlike  than  they 
are  ;  one  simple  and  true  to  nature,  the 
other  full  of  conceit  and  strange  aflfecta- 
tions.  Indeed  we  think  her  choice  of 
this  work  for  translation  was  most  unhap- 
py ;  it  is  too  remote  from  all  our  habits  of 
thinking  and  acting  to  be  ever  popular 
here.  It  is,  like  all  works  in  the  German 
school,  a  mixture  of  the  petty  details  of 
household  life,  and  the  secrets  of  the 
kitchen  and  larder,  with  strange  events, 
wild  romantic  adventures,  fierce  tumultu- 
ous passions,  characters  out  of  nature, 
and  circumstances  remote  from  proba- 
bility. We  all  know  the  attention  the 
German  ladies  pay  to  their  household 
duties,  to  the  pantry  in  particular,  and 
the  servants'  offices ;  and,  accordingly, 
their  ideas  of  comfort  to  themselves  and 
others  turn  much  on  the  replenishment 
of  the  platter.  In  this  novel,  if  the  lady 
wants  to  make  her  husband  particularly 
happy,  and  welcome  him  home  with  more 
than  usual  delight, — it  is  by  getting  a  par- 
ticularly  fat  duck  for  his  supper,  or  a 
pancake  covered  with  raspberry -jam,  or  a 
larger  plate    of   bread-and-butter  than 


usual.  The  vulgarity  of  the  whole  party 
is  extreme,  and  the  romantic  portion  of 
it  is  worse  than  the  rest.  The  whole  party 
consists  of  a  masculine  blind  mother,  of 
two  affected  ill-tempered  daughters-in- 
law,  of  an  apothecary  and  his  wife,  the 
latter  of  whom  is  the  narrator  of  the 
story,  a  deformed  lady  called  Serena,  a 
toyst'^rious  female  of  the  name  of 
Hagaf ,  and  a  rebellious  son  called  Bruno, 
who  repeatedly  beats  his  forehead  with 
his  flst,  shoots  his  horse,  bends  his  eye- 
brows, and  says  hell  is  in  his  heart.  The 
«whole  story  is  as  badly  conceived  and  de- 
veloped as  the  characters  are  imperfectly 
drawn.  We  think  that  the  tale,  how- 
ever, may  possibly  find  a  class  of  persong 
to  whom  it  will  be  attractive,  we  mean 
that  interesting  race  of  young  females 
who  wait  in  pastrycook's  shops,  and  to 
whom  the  numerous  bills  of  fare  must  be 
of  interest.  "  Chickens,**  says  a  young 
lady,  **  chickens,  impossible  1  Serena  can't 
have  chickens  in  the  first  course ;  she 
must  then  have  ham  to  the  roast  meat.** 
'<  Bear,"  who  is  her  husband,  '^  brought 
me  a  bottle  of  bishop.  I'm  quite  en- 
chanted," &c.  So  we  shall  leave  the 
lady  over  her  glass,  who  describes  herself 
as  '^  quite  enchanted,  and  sitting  down 
to  drink  1 " 


Practical  Mercantile  Correspondence, 
Sfc.  By  W.  Andenon.  2nd  Ed, — Avery 
clear  and  complete  little  work ;  the  ne- 
cessary manual  of  the  young  accountant 
and  trader  ;  a  book  to  lie  on  the  deik  of 
the  merchant  and  his  clerk. 


Church  Clavering ;  or,  the  Schoohmaa* 
ter.  By  Rev,  W.  Gresley.— We  like  the 
spirit  in  which  this  work  is  written,  and* 
for  practical  use,  think  there  is  much 
suggested  that  is  valuable.  The  author 
has,  in  his  recapitulation,  mentioned  the 
chief  points  advocated  by  him,  and  the 
principles  on  which  a  true  religious  edu- 
cation is  based.  1  stly.  The  essential  ob- 
ject being  to  *'  train  an  adopted  Child  of 
God  to  live  to  his  glory."  2dly.  Those 
appointed  to  teach  aU  nations,  and  conse- 
quently to  train  the  youth  of  this  realm, 
are  God's  ordained  ministers — the  bishops, 
priests,  and  deacons  of  the  church.  3dly. 
The  standard  of  religious  teaching  is  the 
Holy  Scripture,  rightly  understood.  4thly. 
The  three  great  branches  of  education  are 
to  inform  the  mind,  to  develope  the  fa- 
culties, and  to  promote  good  moral 
habits.  The  whole  of  this  recapitulation, 
on  the  subject  of  a  system  of  national 
education,  deserves  an  attentive  perusal, 
and  the  serious  consideration,  not  only  of 
private  individuals,  but  of  those  to  whook 
the  govemment  of  the  country,  and  eon'« 


1843.] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


403 


sequently  the  safety  of  her  institutions, 
and  her  welfore,  is  entrusted.  The  au- 
thor's observations  on  the  manner  in 
which  that  part  of  the  charge  Of  the  Chief 
Justice  at  the  late  riots  in  the  North,  on 
the  subject  of  religious  education,  has 
been  non-attended  to,  is  very  apposite  to 
the  point. 


Elegiac  Poems, — "We  extract  as  a  speci- 
men the  following  from  p.  32 : — 

I. 

Hers  was  a  mother's  heaft. 

That  poor  Egyptian's,  when  she  drew  apart, 

Because  she  would  not  see 

Her  child  beloved  in  its  last  agony. 

11. 

Where  her  sad  load  she  laid. 

In  her  despair,  beneath  the  scanty  shade, 

In  the  wild  waste,  and  stept 

Aside,  and  long  and  passionately  she  wept 

III. 

Yet  higher,  more  sublime. 

How  many  a  mother,  since  that  ancient 

time, 
Has  shown  the  mighty  power 
Of  love  divine  in  such  an  hour ! 

IV. 

Oh  1  higher  love  to  wait 

Fast  by  the  suflFerer  in  his  worst  estate. 

Nor  from  the  eyes  to  hide 

One  pang,  but  aye  in  courage  to  abide. 

V. 

And  though  no  angel  bring 

In  that  dark  hour  unto  a  living  spring 

Of  gladness — as  was  sent 

Stilling  her  voice  of  turbulent  lament — 

VI. 

Oh  I  higher  faith  to  show, 

Out  of  what  depths  of  anguish  and  of  woe 

The  heart  is  strung  to  raise 

To  an  all-loving  Father  hymns  of  praise  ! 

Baptismal  Regeneration:  a  notice  of 
the  Examination  of  the  Charge  of  the 
Bishop  of  London  t  which  appeared  in  the 
Record  Newspaper.  By  Rev,  J.  O.  Da- 
keyne,  M,A, — A  most  able,  well-argued, 
and  satisfactory  statement  of  the  points 
raised  by  the  writer  in  the  Record.  As  a 
theological  treatise,  we  recommend  Mr. 
Dakeyne's  Remarks  on  Baptismal  Re- 
generation, and  the  luminous  manner  in 
which  he  has  conducted  his  argument  to 
its  proper  conclusion. 

The  Ancient  Gothic  Churchy  and  other 
Poem*.— This  volume  is  dedicated  to  Mr. 
Rogers,  nor  will  the  poet  do  discredit  to 
his  iilostrious  patron. 


A  Sermon  at  St,  Peter's  Church,  Wal- 
worth, By  Pelham  Maitland,  A.M, — The 
subject  of  this  discourse  is,  ''  The  Burial 
Service ;  its  legitimate  use  dependent  on 
Church-discipline;''  it  is  treated  in 
such  a  judicious  and  satisfactory  manner, 
that  we  think  all  rational  difficulties  are 
removed.  We  recommend  this  discourse 
both  to  the  clergy  and  laity. 

Redemption  in  Christ ,  the  true  Jubilee, 
A  Sermon  preached  on  the  56th  anniver^ 
sary  of  the  Asylum  of  the  Deaf  and  Dumb 
at  Bermondsey,    By  Rev,  J.  S.  M.  Ander- 
son, ^c. — ^This  discourse,  like  all  those 
we  have  read  from  the  same  preacher,  is 
eloquent  in  style  and  language,  sound  in 
doctrine,    and   judicious    in    exposition* 
We  were  much  pleased  to  meet  in  it  the 
following  just  and  handsome   eulogy  of 
Dr.  Johnson.     P.  23.  "  We  ask  them  to 
come  and  judge  for  themselves,  and  we 
do  so,  in  full  remembrance  of  the  im- 
pression  made  by  a  similar  experiment 
upon  the  mind  of  our  great  moralist,  whose 
conversation  was  the  delight  and  instruc- 
tion of  the  last  century,  as  his  writings 
are  of  our  own.     The  unshaken  rectitude 
of  his  principles,  the  comprehensive  vigour 
of  his  intellect,  the  unflinching  firmness 
of  his  courage,  the  majestic  dignity  of  his 
language,  nay,  even  the  stubborn  and  un- 
disguised nature  of  his  prejudices,  must 
all  be  fresh  in  the  recollection  of  every 
one   who  is  interested   in  watching  the 
career  of  a  gigantic  mind,  as  it  struggled 
against  the  pains  of  sickness  and  the  pri- 
vations of  poverty.     And  yet,  if  we  were 
to  select  from  one  of  his  most  character- 
istic works  (you  will  have  anticipated  us 
probably,  both  as  it  respects  the  author 
whom  we  are  about  to  mention.  Dr.  John- 
son, and  the  work  to  which  we  refer,  the 
Tour  to  the  Hebrides),  if,  I  say,  we  were 
to  select  that  passage  which  is  best  fitted 
to  leave  upon  the  mind  an  impression  of 
thank  fulness,  and  a  motive  to  perseverance, 
it  is  the  account  which  he  gives  of  his  visit 
to   an  institution  at  Edinburgh,  of  the 
same  kind  as  that  which  we  are  now  as- 
sembled to   support.     He  calls  it,   and 
justly  so,  a  *  subject  of  philosophical  cu- 
riosity.'    He  describes  the  afflicted  child- 
ren, waiting  for  the  return  of  their  master, 
whom  they  receive  with  smiling  counte- 
nances and  sparkling  eyes,  delighted  with 
the  hope  of  new  ideas.     He  gives  an  ac- 
count of  the  examination  which  be  himself 
made ;    expresses  the  joy  which  he  felt  at 
seeing  *  one  of  the  most  desperate  of  hu- 
man calamities  capable  of  so  much  help  ;' 
and  concludes  with  the  observation,  as 
true  as  it  is  emphatic,  th^t  whatever  en- 
larges hope,  will  exalt  courage,"  &o. 


404 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC   INTELLIGENCE. 


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1843.] 


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405 


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The  Statutes  of  the  Fourth  General 
Council  of  Lateran,  recognised  and  esta- 
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nods down  to  the  Council  of  Trent.  By 
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406 


tfew  Publication, 


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1843.] 


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407 


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EtH  BRIDGE. 

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graphy.   By  G.  Bradley.    12mo.    3s. 

The  Theory  and  Practice  of  Brewing 
illustrated.  By  W.  L.  Tizard.  8vo.  25«. 

Hints  on  Ornamental  Needlework,  as 
applied  to  Ecclesiastical  Purposes.  70 
plates.    3s, 

Mr.  Murray  has  issued  a  prospectus  of 
a  Colonial  and  Home  Library  ;  ike  main 
object  of  which  is  to  fiimish  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  Colonies  of  Great  Britain  with 
the  highest  literature  of  the  day,  consist- 
ing partly  of  original  works,  partly  of  new 
editions  of  popular  publications,  at  the 
lowest  possible  price,  and  intended  to 
supply  tne  place  of  the  foreign  piracies 
which  have  hitherto  supplied  them,  but 
are  now  interdjlcted  by  Act  of  Parliament. 

The  governors  of  the  Welsh  School  and 
the  members  of  the  Royal  Cambrian  In? 
stitntion,  have  presented  the  valuable 
MSS.  and  printed  books  belonging  to  Uit 
two  societies  to  the  British  Museum,  for 
preservation  and  public  advantage.  On« 
book  is  said  to  contain  the  musical  nota- 
tion of  the  Britons  in  the  eleventh  century. 

HANDEL   SOCIETir. 

The  prospectus  of  a  Handel  Society. 
sets  fortn  that  the  publication  of  the  com- 
plete works  of  the  master  is  contemplated 
— that  the  number  of  members  is  to  be 
limited  to  one  thousand — that  the  sub- 
scription is  to  be  one  guinea  annually.  <« 
The  loan  of  scores  and  MSS.  is  re- 
quested, and  the  Council  for  the  coming 
twelvemonth  consists  of  Mr.  Addison, 
Treasurer ;  Mr.  W.  S.  Bennett,  Sir  H.  R. 
Bishop,  Dr.  Crotch,  Mr.  Davison,  Mr. 
Hopkins,  Mr.  Macfarren,  Mr.  Moscheles, 
Mr.  Mudie,  Mr.  Rimbault,  Sir  George 
Smart,  and  Mr.  H.  Smart. 

Nno  ColUgs  in  JrsUmd.—K  new  col- 
leg«,  in  which  young  men,  membera  of 


408 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


[Opt- 


the  Established  Church,  will  receive  in- 
struction on  the  plan  pursued  in  the  Eng- 
lish Universities,  has  been  established  at 
Stackellan,  in  Ireland,  and  was  opened 
on  the  Ist  of  August.  It  is  dedicated  to 
St.  Columba.  The  governors  have  already 
founded  five  scholarships,  which  will  be 
held  cateris  paribus  by  the  Sons  of  the 
Clergy,  with  a  preference  to  those  who 
are  vernacularly  acquainted  with  the  Irish 
language.  His  Grace  the  Primate  of  All 
Ireland  has  accepted  the  office  of  Visitor, 
and  the  following  noblemen  and  gentle- 
men have  consented  to  act  as  Governors : 
— The  Earl  of  Dunraven ;  Viscount  Adare, 
M.P. ;  Augustus  Stafford  O'Brien,  esq. 
M.P. ;  the  Very  Rev.  Henry  Cotton, 
D.C.L.,  Dean  of  Lismore;  the  Rev.  R. 
C.  Elrington,  D.D.,  Regius  Professor  of 
Divinity  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin  ;  the 
Rev.  William  Sewell,  B.D.  Fellow  and 
Sub- Rector  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford. 
The  following  appointments  have  been 
made : — ^Warden,  the  Rev.  Robert  Corbet 
Singleton,  M.A. ;  Professor  of  Greek,  the 
Rev.  Matthew  Morton,  B.A. ;  Professor 
of  Latin,  the  Rev.  Henry  Tripp,  M.A.  ; 
Professor  of  Mathematics,  the  Rev. 
Robert  King,  B.A. 

UNIVERSITY   COLLEGE,    LONDON. 

The  Council  of  University  College  have 
received  another  present  of  a  500/.  Ex- 
chequer Bill  from  their  former  benefactor, 
««  Patriot.''  The  fund  for  which  the  Col- 
lege is  indebted  to  this  munificent  friend 
to  liberal  education  now  amounts  to  3844/. 
A  portion  of  the  annual  income  arising 
from  this  sum  has  been  appropriated  by 
Lord  Brougham  to  the  procuring  for  mas- 
ters of  unendowed  schools  and  ushers 
courses  of  lectures  on  Mathematics,  Na- 
tural Philosophy,  Greek,  and  Latin,  by  the 
Professors  in  the  College  of  those  branches 
of  learning  respectively.  Another  por- 
tion of  the  fund,  500/.,  Lord  Brougham 
has  directed  to  be  applied  towards  the 
testimonial  to  Dr.  Birkbeck,  as  soon  as 
the  contributions  derived  from  other 
sources  shall  amount  to  1000/.,  and  the 
founding  in  University  College  a  Profes- 
sorship of  Machinery  and  Manufactures, 
to  be  called  the  ^*  Birkbeck  Professor- 
ship." 


MARLBOROUGH    COLLEGE. 

The  opening  of  the  school  at  Marl- 
borough, for  the  education  of  the  sons  of 
clergymen  and  others,  took  place  on 
Friday  the  1st  of  September.  A  more 
important  movement  in  the  cause  of 
education  has  not  occurred  in  these  times. 
It  will  give  to  that  large  and  influential 
body  of  men,  the  clergy  of  the  country, 
the  means  of  providing  for  their  children 
9 


that  measure  of  classical  instmction  which, 
before,  could  only  be  obtained  in  our 
great  public  schools,  but  at  an  expense 
which  entailed  upon  them  far  greater 
sacrifices  than  in  many  instances  their 
limited  incomes  rendered  prudent  or  even 
justifiable.  The  same  education  is  also 
offered  to  the  sons  of  laymen  at  a  com« 
paratively  small  expense. 

queen's   COLLEGE,   BIKMINGHAH. 

Aug.  18.  The  ceremony  of  laying  the 
foundation-stone  of  the  Queen's  College  of 
Medicine,  at  Birmingham,  took  place  in 
the  presence  of  a  numerous  assemUage  of 
the  inhabitants  of  the  town,  together  with 
a  large  body  of  students.  The  ceremony 
was  opened  by  the  Rev.  C.  Craven,  in- 
cumbent of  St.  Peter*s,  who  offered  a 
prayer  for  the  success  of  the  undertaking ; 
after  which  the  High  BaUiff,  Mr.  S. 
Kempson,  deposited  in  the  cavity  of  the 
stone  a  tin  case,  containing  copies  of  the 
Royal  charter  of  incorporation  of  the 
college ;  of  the  Wameford  prize  trust 
deed ;  the  various  addresses  of  the  Rev. 
Chancellor  Law,  the  Rev.  V.  Thomas, 
Dr.  J.  Johnstone,  and  Mr.  S.  Cox;  the 
prospectus  of  the  college,  with  the  list  of 
professors,  and  the  fundamental  laws  of 
the  Queen's  Hospital,  together  with  the 
coins  of  Her  Majesty.  The  principal, 
Dr.  Johnstone,  then  ajffixed  a  brass  plate, 
bearing  the  following  inscription  t — 
**  This  Tablet  is  to  commemorate  the 
laying  the  foundation-stone  of  the  Queen's 
College,  at  Birmingham,  on  Friday,  the 
18th  of  August,  1843.  Samuel  Wilson 
Wameford,  L.L.D.,  Visitor;  Sdward 
Johnstone,  M.D.,  Principal ;  James 
Thomas  Law,  M.  A.,  Vice-Principal ;  John 
Edwards  Piercy,  Esq. ,  Treasurer ;  WUliiun 
Sands  Cox,  F.R.S.,  Dean  of  the  Faculty; 
Messrs.  Bateman  and  Drury,  Architects ; 
Thomas  Pashby,  Contractor."  The  stone 
having  been  lowered  with  the  usual  for- 
malities, and  laid  by  the  principal,  Dr. 
Johnstone,  assisted  by  Mr.  G.  Drury, 
the  architect,  the  venerable  Doctor  ad- 
dressed the  assembly,  as  did  Mr.  J.  £. 
Piercy,  Dr.  B.  Davies,  Mr.  H.  Luchcock, 
and  others. 


booksellers'  provident  RETREAT. 

uiug,  11.  A  public  meeting  of  the 
members  and  friends  of  the  Association 
for  the  establishment  of  a  Booksellers' 
Provident  Retreat,  in  connexion  with  the 
Booksellers'  **  Provident  Institution,"  was 
held  at  the  Albion  Tavern,  Aldersgate 
Street,  Cosmo  Orme,  Esq.,  the  pre- 
sident of  the  Booksellers'  Provident  In-' 
stitution,  in  the  chair.  A  report  of  tile' 
proceedings  of  the  committee  was  read, 
giving  a  most  encouraging  account  of  tiie 


1843.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  InteUigence. 


409 


progress  of  the  Association,  by  whicli  it 
appeared  that  the  contributions  already 
amount  to  nearly  1900/.  Numerous 
places  were  mentioned  as  having  been 
visited  by  the  committee  in  search  of  land 
on  which  to  build  the  proposed  houses. 
The  plans  of  several  were  submitted  to 
the  meeting  ;  and  full  powers  were  given 
to  the  committee  to  purchase  any  spot 
which  in  their  judgment  appeared  pe- 
culiarly eligible.  The  rules  of  the  As- 
sociation were  finally  agreed  upon,  and 
ordered  to  be  enrolled,  pursuant  to  the 
Act  of  Parliament  10  Geo.  IV.  cap.  66. 


BRITISH    ASSOCIATION    FOR   THE   AD- 
VANCEMENT OF  SCIENCE. 

The  thirteenth  meeting  of  this  Asso- 
ciation has  been  held  at  Cork.  The  Ge- 
neral Committee  assembled  on  Wednes- 
day, the  16th  of  August,  at  three  o'clock, 
and  the  chair  was  taken  by  the  Earl  of 
Rosse.  The  minutes  of  the  last  Meeting 
were  read  and  confirmed.  Col.  Sabine 
then  read  the  Report  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  Council  during  the  past  year ;  from 
which  it  appeared  that  in  compliance  with 
a  resolution  passed  at  a  meeting  of  the 
General  Committee,  held  at  Manchester, 
June  29,  1842,  application  had  been  made 
to  Government  to  undertake  the  publication 
of  the  catalogue  of  stars  in  the  Histoire 
Celeste  of  Lalande,  and  Lacaille's  Cata- 
logue of  the  Stars  in  the  Southern  hemis* 
phere,  which  have  been  reduced  and  pre- 
pared for  publication  at  the  expense  of  the 
British  Association,  and  that  Her  Ma- 
jesty's government  had  given  the  neces- 
sary directions  for  issuing  1 ,000/.  for  the 
completion  of  the  work  in  question,  at 
the  same  time  stating  *^  that  the  compli- 
ance with  this  application  must  not  be 
considered  as  authorising  the  expectation 
of  pecuniary  assistance  in  cases  not  in  the 
first  instance  submitted  to  and  approved 
by  my  Lords.** 

Respecting  the  arrangements  for  the 
care  of  the  Kew  Observatory,  the  Report 
stated  that  Mr.  Cripps,  its  former  curator, 
retains  his  apartments,  without  salary, 
undertaking  to  keep  the  house  aired  and 
the  lower  parts  clean,  receiving  an  allow- 
ance for  coals,  candles,  &c.  not  exceeding 
15/.  per  annum  ;  and  that  Mr.  Galloway 
has  been  engaged  at  a  salary  of  27/.  Is.  6d. 
per  annum,  with  apartments,  coals,  &c. 
to  take  charge  of  the  apartments  above 
the  basement  story,  and  of  the  property 
of  the  Association,  and  to  render  general 
assistance  to  '  members  prosecuting  re- 
searches in  the  Observatory.  A  few  ne- 
cessary repairs  have  been  made,  and,  in 
addition  to  the  apartments  for  Mr.  Gallo- 
way, a  sleeping-room  has  been  provided 

UENT.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


for  any  member  whose  researcbes  may 
reqttire  him  to  spend  a  night  in  the  Ob- 
servatory. The  necessary  instruments 
have  been  purchased,  and  a  regular  mete- 
orological register  was  commenced  by  Mr. 
Galloway,  under  the  superintendence  of 
Prof.  Wheatstone,  in  February  last.  For 
these  various  purposes  the  sum  of 
133/.  48,  7d.  has  been  expended  in  the 
present  year.  Prof.  Wheatstone  will  re- 
port on  the  Self- registering  Meteorolo- 
gical Apparatus,  for  which  a  grant  of  50/. 
was  made  at  Manchester,  which  has  been 
completed  and  placed  in  the  Observatory; 
he  will  also  report  on  the  Electrical  Ap* 
paratus,  the  expense  of  which  has  been 
defrayed  by  private  subscriptions.  The 
Council  have  to  report  the  establishment 
of  the  following  registries,  viz. — 1.  An 
ordinary  meteorological  record,  with 
standard  instruments ;  2.  A  meteorolo- 
gical record,  with  self-registering  instru- 
ments on  a  new  construction  ;  3.  A  re- 
cord of  the  electrical  state  of  the  atmo- 
sphere. Il  is  proposed  to  add  a  register 
of  the  comparative  amount  of  rain  at  dif- 
ferent heights  above  the  surface,  and  of 
the  temperatures  beneath  it,  for  both 
which  purposes  the  locality  appears  par- 
ticularly well  suited. 

The  Council  have  added  the  names  of 
M.  Bessel,  of  Kooigsberg,  M.  Jacobi,  of 
K5nigsberg,  Dr.  Adolphe  Erman,  of  Ber- 
lin, M.  Paul  Frisciani,  Astronomer  at 
Milan,  and  Prof.  Braschman,  of  Moscow, 
to  the  list  of  Corresponding  Members  of 
the  Association. 

The  Officers  of  Sections  were  then  ap- 
pointed  as  follow : — 

Section  A.  Mathematical  and  Phy- 
sical Science.  President,  Professor  Mac 
Cullagh;  Vice-Presidents,  Prof.  Lloyd, 
the  Dean  of  Ely,  and  Mr.  W.  S.  Harris ; 
Secretaries,  Professor  Stevelly  and  Mr. 
J.  Note. 

Section  B.  Chemistry  and  Mineralogy, 
President,  Professor  Apjohn ;  Vice-Pre- 
sidents, Marquess  of  Northampton  and 
Prof.  Kane ;  Secretaries,  Mr.  R.  Hunt 
and  Dr.  Sweeny. 

Section  C.  Geology  and  Physical  Geo^ 
graphy.  President,  Mr.  R.  Griffith; 
President  for  Geography,  Mr.  R.  J.  Mur- 
chison;  Vice-Presidents,  Messrs.  W.  Hop- 
kins, C.  Lyell,  J.  Taylor ;  Secretaries, 
Messrs.  F.  Jennings,  and  H.  £.  Strick- 
land. 

Section  J>.  Zoology  and  Botany.  Pre- 
sident, Mr.  W.  Thompson;  Vice-Preai- 
dents,  Messrs.  R.  Ball,  R.  Owen,  Prof. 
E.  Forbes,  Mr.  C.  C.  Babington;  Secre- 
taries,  E.  Lankester,  M.D.,  Messrs.  R. 
Patterson,  G.  J.  Allman,  M.B. 

Section  E.  Medical  Science.  Presi- 
dent.  Sir  James  Pitcairn,  M.D. ;  Vice* 

3G 


410 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


[del. 


Presidents,  W.  Ballen,  M.D.,  C.  P.  Cro- 
ker,  M.D.,  A.  H.  Callanan,  M.D.,  C. 
Bull,  M.D.  ;  Secretaries,  J.  Popham, 
M.U.  and  R.  S.  Sargent,  M.D. 

Section  F.  Statistics.  President,  Sir 
C.  Lemon,  Bart. ;  Vice-Presidents,  Major 
Beamish  and  Sir  W.  Chatterton ;  Secre- 
taries, Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor,  D.  BuUen,  M.D, 

Section  G.  Mechanical  Science.  Pre- 
sident, Prof.  J.  Macniell ;  Vice-Presi- 
dents, Messrs.  J.  Taylor,  F.  G.  Bergen, 
Sir  T.  Deane ;  Secretaries,  Messrs.  J. 
Thomson  and  R.  Mallet. 

The  several  sections  proceeded  with 
their  business  on  the  morning  of  Thurs- 
day, and  in  the  evening  the  general  meet- 
ing of  the  Association  took  place,  at  which, 
in  consequence  of  the  absence  of  Lord 
Francis  Egerton,  the  Marquess  of  Nor- 
thampton took  the  chair,  and  introduced 
the  Earl  of  Rosse  as  President,  who  then 
delivered  a  very  able  address  on  the  ob- 
jects and  merits  of  the  Association.  The 
Treasurer  read  his  report.  The  receipts 
of  the  Society  amounted  to  above  2700/. 
the  whole  of  which  had  been  expended, 
leaving,  as  before,  a  balance  in  hand  of 
about  500/. 

The  Association  makes  this  year  grants 
for  following  objects  (to  which  is  prefixed 
the  name  of  the  member  who  alone,  or 
as  the  first  of  a  committee,  is  entitled  to 
draw  for  the  money). 

The  thirteenth  meeting  of  the  Associa- 
tion, if  success  is  to  be  calculated  by  the 
number  of  members  attending,  has  been  a 
failure,  not  more  than  400  having  been 
present ;  but  so  many  and  such  obvious 
circumstances  —  distance,  the  political 
state  of  the  country,  &c. — offer  them- 
selves in  explanation,  that  the  feet  cannot 
excite  surprise.  It  must,  however,  be 
regretted,  because  the  resources  available 
for  scientific  purposes  are  proportionally 
reduced  ;  and  when  the  Committee  of 
Recommendations  voted  no  less  than 
1,877/.  in  aid  of  further  inquiries,  it  is 
obvious  that  the  greater  part  of  the  money 
must  be  taken  from  the  reserved  fund, 
accumulated  in  past  years.  It  is,  how- 
ever, consolatory  to  know — and  this  is 
admitted  on  all  hands —that,  so  far  as 
science  is  concerned,  the  meeting  has 
produced  its  full  proportion  of  valuable 
communications.  Among  these  were  Sir 
John  Herschel's  report  of  the  committee 
for  meteorological  and  magnetic  co-ope- 
ration ;  Mr.  Scott  Russell's  continued 
experiments  on  sound  in  buildings,  on 
waves,  and  on  the  form  of  vessels ;  and 
Prof.  M'Cullagh's  establishment  of  the 
laws  of  total  reflection,  surmised  only  by 
Fresnel;  Mr.  E.  Hodgkinson's  attempt 
to  make  out  a  law  of  non -elasticity  in 
iiard  materiaU   (first  broaphed  at  Ma^- 


Chester),  is,  perhaps,  the  most  original 
feature  in  the  meeting ;  whilst  Professor 
Owen's  admit  able  view  of  fossil  animals 
re-opens  more  and  more  the  ancient  earth 
to  our  inspection  ;  and  Prof.  E.  Furbes's 
extraordinary  exploration  of  the  shallows 
and  the  depths  of  ocean  appears  to  be 
disclosing  a  world  hitherto  neglected,  for 
the  gratification  and  edification  of  man- 
kind, and  one  which  may  revolutionise 
the  science  of  geology. 

Maihematieal  and  Physical  Sdenee,  j^lOOYy  Wir. 

Brewster,  Sir  D.  For  continuing  hourly 
meteoroloeical  observations  at  Kin- 
gpssie  and  Inverness    ....    jffl3 

Harris,  W.  S.  For  completing  the  me- 
teorological observations  at  Plymoatk       tS 

Robinson,  Dr.  For  conducting  ecqperi- 
ments  with  captive  balloons        .       .     100 

Herschel,  Sir  J.  For  magnetic  and  me- 
teorological co-operation      ...       SO 

Brewster,  Sir  D.  For  investigating  the 
action  of  different  bodies  on  the  spec- 
trum        .10 

Sabine,  Ck)l.  For  superintending  the 
translation  and  publication  of  scien- 
tific memoirs '90 

Baily,  F.  esq.  For  the  publication  of 
the  British  Association  Catalogue  c£ 
Stars 650 

Brisbane,  Sir  T.  For  completing  the 
observations  on  tides  of  the  east  coast 
of  Scotland 100 

Wheatstone,  Prof.  For  experiments  on 
subterraneous  temperature  .       • 

Kew  Observatorp, 

For  maintaining  the  establishmeiit  in 
Kew  Observatory         .... 

Chemical  Science,  ^89$,  0if . 

Kane,  Prof.  For  investi^ting  the  die* 
mical  history  of  colounn^  sulMtanoes        lO 

Kane,  Prof.  For  inquiries  mto  the  che- 
mical history  of  tannin         ...       10 

Fox.  R.  W.  esq.  For  continning  re* 
searches  on  the  influence  of  lignt  on 
plants 10 

Geological  Scienee,  «^350,  «if . 

Oldham,  — ,  esq.  For  experiments  on 
subterraneous  temperature  in  Ireland        10 

Northampton  Marquis  of.  For  making 
coloured  drawings  of  railroad-cuttings     100 

Owen,  Prof.  For  investigation  of  fosnl 
fishes  of  the  lower  tertiary  strata       •      100 

Whewell ,  Rev.  W.  For  completing  level 
marks  in  Somerset  and  Devon  .       90 

Milne,  D.  esq.  For  establishing  stan- 
dard level  marks  on  the  coast  of  Soot- 
land        90 

Geology  and  Zoology. 

Cari^enter,  Dr.  For  researches  into  tlM 
microscopic  structure  of  fossil  and 
recent  shells  .       .       .       .       .       90 

Botany  and  Zoology,  £\\0,  viz. 

Strickland^  H.  E.  esq.    For  experiments    . 
on  the  vitality  of  seeds         ...       II 

Jardine,  Sir  W.  Bart.  For  researches  on 
exotic  anoplura 9S 

Portlock,  Capt.  For  a  report  on  the 
marine  zoology  of  Corfti       .       .       «       10 

Daubeny,  Dr.  For  investigating  th4B 
preservation  of  animal  and  vegetabis 
substances ^ 

Owen,  Prof.  For  researches  on  the  ma- 
rine zoology  ot  Ck>niwaU  and  Devon* 
by  Mr.  Peach       •..,-..       ID 


184a]. 

F«rbea,  Prot  B.  For  researcheii  on  the 
geographical  distribution  of  marine 
animals 

Hodgkin,  Dr.  For  inquiries  into  the 
varieties  of  the  human  race 

Medical  Science. 

Sharpey,  Dr.  For  inquiries  into  asphyxia 

Mechanical  Science,  j^250,  viz, 
Bnssell,  J.  S.  esq.    For  completing  the 
discussion  of  the  British  Association 
experiments  on  the  form  of  ships 
Hodgkinson,  £.  esa.    For  experiments 

on  the  strength  of  materials 
Fairbairn,   W.  esq.    For  experimental 
investigations  on  changes  in  the  in- 
ternal constitution  of  metals 


Fine  Arts. 


4li 


95 

15 

10 

100 
100 

50 


«?1877 


Total  of  grants 

It  was  generally  known  that  all  parties 
had  agreed  to  hold  the  next  meeting  at 
York  ;  and  a  resolution  to  this  effect  was 
passed  by  acclamation.  The  following 
noblemen  and  gentlemen  were  elected 
office-bearers  for  the  next  year  : — 

Rev.  J.  Peacock,  Dean  of  Ely,  President.— 
Burl  Fitzwilliam^  Viscount   Morpeth,  J.  S. 


Wortley,.  esq.,  Sir  D.  Brewster,  Prof.  Faraday, 
Rev.  Vernon  Harcourt,  Vice'Presid.nte.—  Vf. 
Hatfield,  esq.,  Rev.  Mr.  Scoresby,  —  Meynel, 
esq.,  W.  West,  esq.,  Secretariee.—Yf .  Gray, 
esq.  Local  Treaeurer. 

It  was  resolved,  that  the  meeting  shonl 
be  held  in  the  course  of  September,  the 
particular  day  to  be  determined  by  the 
London  Council.  The  following  gentle- 
men were  appointed  to  the  Council  for 
the  ensuing  year:— Sir  H.  de  la  Beche, 
Dr.  Buckland,  Dr.  Daubeny,  Prof.  T. 
Graham,  G.  B.  Greenough,  esq.,  Leonard 
Horner,  esq.,  Eaton  Hodgkinson,  esq., 
Robert  Hutton,  esq.,  Sir  Charles  Lemon, 
C.  Lyell,  esq. ,  Prof.  Lloyd,  D.  Macneill, 
esq..  Prof.  M'Cullagh,  the  Marquis  of 
Northampton,  Prof.  Moseley,  Dr.  Rich- 
ardson, Prof.  Sedgwick,  Col.  Sykes,  W. 
Thompson,  esq.,  Prof.  Wheatstone,  Rev. 
Mr.  Whewell,  and  Dr.  Williams,  with 
the  officers  of  the  Association.-— The  Ge- 
neral Secretaries  and  Treasurer  were  re- 
elected. 


FINE  ARTS. 


ROYAL    COMMISSION    OF   FINE    ARTS. 

Her  Majesty's  Commissioners,  being  of 
Opinion  that  the  exhibition  of  cartoons, 
which  has  taken  place,  has  afforded  satis- 
factory evidence  of  the  qualifications  of 
many  artists  for  fresco  painting,  now  give 
notice  that,  as  it  has  been  ascertained 
that  frescoes  of  moderate  dimensions  can 
be  conveniently  executed  on  portable 
frames,  composed  of  laths  or  other  ma- 
terials, artists  are  invited  to  send  speci- 
mens of  such  frescoes  to  be  exhibited, 
for  the  purpose  of  assisting  thv*>  Commis- 
sioners in  the  selection  of  persons  to  be 
employed  in  the  decoration  of  portions 
of  the  Palace  at  Westminster.  The  works 
are  to  be  sent,  in  the  course  of  the  first 
week  in  June  1844,  to  a  place  of  exhibi- 
tion hereafter  to  be  appointed.  The  num- 
ber of  specimens  to  be  exhibited  by  each 
artist  is  limited  to  three.  The  size  of  the 
specimens  is  to  be  not  less  than  three  nor 
more  than  eight  feet  in  their  longest  di- 
mension. The  figures  or  portions  of 
figures,  in  at  least  one  specimen  by  each 
exhibitor,  are  to  be  not  less  than  the  size 
of  life.  The  subjects  are  left  to  the 
choice  of  the  artists,  who  must  be  natives 
of  Great  Britain,  or  foreigners  who  have 
resided  more  than  ten  years  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

The  Commissioners  have  also  issued 
advertisements  announcing  that  ornamen- 
tal pavements,  ornamental  metal-work 
for  screens,  railings,  gates,  &c«  find  ara- 


besque paintings  and  heraldic  decorations 
for  the  enrichment  of  panels,  friezes,  &c. 
in  colour  and  gold,  will  be  required  for 
the  Palace  of  Westminster  ;  and  they  in- 
vite artists  to  send  c'esigns  for  such  works 
respectively  in  the  first  week  of  March 
1844. 


ART-UNION  OF  LONDON. 

It  is  announced  that  sixty  pounds  will 
he  given,  by  this  institution,  for  the  best 
consecutive  series  of  not  less  than  Ten 
Designs  in  Outline,  size  12  inches  by  8. 
The  subject  is  left  at  the  option  of  the 
Artist,  but  must  either  be  illustrative  of 
Sacred  or  British  History,  or  be  taken 
from  the  work  of  some  English  Author. 
Simplicity  of  composition  and  expression, 
severe  beauty  of  form,  and  pure  and  cor- 
rect drawing,  are  the  qualities  which  the 
Committee  are  anxious  to  realise  in  this 
series.  If  it  should  be  deemed  expedient 
to  engrave  the  compositions  selected,  the 
Artist  will  receive  a  further  remuneration 
to  superintend  the  publication.  The 
Drawings,  accompanied  by  a  sealed  letter, 
containing  the  name  and  address  of  the 
artist,  must  be  forwarded  to  the  Hono- 
rary Secretaries,  on  or  before  Lady  Day, 
1844. 

The  Series  by  Mr.  H.  C.  Selous,  illus- 
trative  of  •  The  Pilgrim's  Progress,*  are 
being  engraved  by  Mr.  H.  Moses  for  the 
Subscribers  of  the  current  year. 


412 


Fine  Arts. 


[Oct. 


MUSEUM    OF  THB   HERMITAGE    PALACE, 
AT  ST.  PBTEKSBUR6. 

This  magnificent  structure,  which  is  on 
the  eve  of  completion,  has  been  erected 
under  the  superintendence  of  Klenze,  the 
architect  of  the  Glyptothek  and  Pinaco- 
thek  at  Munich.  Though  only  an  ap- 
pendage to  the  Imperial  Palace,  it  is  in 
Itself  much  larger  than  many  palaces,  the 
general  plan  forming  a  parallelogram  of 
520  by  380  feet,  English  measure,  which 
is  not  yery  far  short  of  the  area  of  the 
whole  of  the  quadrangle  and  buildings  of 
the  upper  ward  of  Windsor  Castle.  The 
largest  of  the  inner  courts  is  215  by  130 
feet ;  the  general  height  of  the  fa9ades  74 
feet,  and  that  of  the  pavilions  at  the  an- 
gles, 106  feet.  In  regard  to  the  character 
of  its  details,  the  style  of  design  is  Greek, 
and  it  would  seem  the  design  itself  is  in 
some  respects  similar  to  the  architect's 
idea  for  the  Pantechuikoc,  at  Athens, 
published  in  his  **  Entwiirfe.'*  The  socle , 
which  is  of  reddish  granite,  is  1 1  feet  high, 
and  must  therefore  be  of  colossal  propor- 
tions, and  produce  a  most  imposing  effect, 
if  it  be  really  what  the  term  applied  to  it 
imports — a  solid  substructure,  in  appear- 
ance at  least,  without  windows  of  any 
sort.  Colossal  must  also  be  the  effect  of 
a  mass,  nearly  the  entire  height  of  the 
Reform  Club  House,  but  with  only  two 
ranges  of  windows,  reared  on  such  a  base- 
ment. This  part  of  the  structure  is  of 
greyish  stone,  with  some  intermixture  of 
reddish  granite  for  the  details,  and  enrich- 
ment does  not  appear  to  have  been  spared. 
For  the  interior,  a  vast  deal  of  magnifi- 
cence is  spoken  of— variegated  marble 
columns,  inlaid  pavements  of  Grecian  de- 
sign, and  T>ther  matters  of  that  kind.  The 
grand  staircase,  130  feet  long,  by  50  In 
breadth,  has  its  twenty  marble  Corinthian 
colums,  and  three  successive  flights  of 
marble  steps  (22  feec  wide),  ascending  in 
a  direct  line.  The  rooms  on  the  lower 
floor  are  intended  for  the  reception  of 
sculpture,  vases,  and  miscellaneous  anti- 
quities ;  those  above  for  a  picture-gallery, 
distributed  into  a  series  of  rooms,  some 
very  spacious,  and  lighted  from  above,  as 
in  the  Munich  Pinakothek,  for  larger 
pictures  ;  others  as  cabinets,  for  smaller 
pictures,  besides  various  loggies  and  cor- 
ridors. The  contents  of  the  museum  will 
be  so  arranged,  that  the  apartments  will 
liave  more  the  air  of  being  decorated  with 
them,  as  in  a  private  palace,  than  stored 
as  in  the  exhibition-rooms  of  a  public 
museum. 

Although  the  building  was  not  begun 
until  the  Spring  of  1842,  the  Museum  of 
the  Hermitage  is  expected  to  be  completed 
by  the  end  of  thQ  present  year,  notwith- 
standing its  great  extent  and  the  prodi- 


gious  solidity  of  its  constructions.  la 
some  places  such  an  edifice  would  bare 
been  the  work  of  a  quarter  of  a  century. 

UOGARTU*S  PAINTINGS  FROM  YAUXHALL 
GARDENS. 

In  November  1841,  twenty-four  pic- 
tures were  disposed  of  at  the  sale  at 
Vauxhall  Gardens,  said  to  be  painted  by 
Hogarth,  Hayman,  &c.  but  in  so  dir^ 
and  bad  a  state  that  the  dealers  would  not 
venture  on  them  beyond  the  amount  of  a 
few  pounds.  Two  of  these  have  since 
been  very  judiciously  cleaned  by  Mr. 
,  Gwennap  of  Tichborne-street,  and  prove 
'  to  be  very  valuable  pictures ;  and,  in  the 
opinion  of  good  judges,  are  by  the  pencil 
of  Hogarth.  The  subjects,  "  MoonUght  ** 
and  '*  Birdsnesting.'* 

It  appears,  by  Mr.  Nicholses  Hogarth, 
2nd  edit.  1782,  p.  26,  that  *'  soon  after 
his  marriage  Hogarth  had  summer  lodg- 
ings at  South  Lambeth ;  and,  being  inti- 
mate with  Mr.  Jonathan  Tyers,  con- 
tributed to  the  improvement  of  The  Spring 
Gardens  at  Vattxhall,  by  the  bint  of 
embellishing  them  with  paintings,  some 
of  which  were  the  suggestions  of  his  own 
truly  comic  pencil.  Among  these  were 
the  *  Four  Parts  of  the  Day,*  copied  by 

HatMAN    from    THE    DESIGNS   OF    01TR 

ARTIST.  The  scenes  of  *  Evening,'  and 
'  Night*  are  still  there ;  and  portruts 
of  Henry  VIII.  and  Anne  BuUen  once 
adorned  the  old  great  room,  on  the  right 
of  the  entry  into  the  gardens. 

*'  For  this  assistance,  Mr.  Tyers  grate* 
fully  presented  him  with  a  gold  ticket  of 
admission  for  himself  and  his  friends, 
inscribed  *in  perpetuam  benbficxi 
mbmoriam.'  This  ticket,  now  in  pos- 
session of  his  widow,  is  still  occasionallj 
made  use  of.'' 

This  gold  ticket  we  have  recently  had 
the  pleasure  of  inspecting,  whilst  in  the 
hands  of  Mr.  Gwennap.  After  Mrs. 
Hogarth's  death,  it  passed  to  Mrs.  Lewis, 
and  then  belonged  to  John  Tuck,  esq.  of 
Kennington  Common,  and  was  bought 
for  40/.  by  Mr.  Murch,  the  dealer ;  and 
is  now  to  be  purchased.  On  one  side, 
are  two  female  figures  joining  hands, 
round  them,  virtus,  and  voluptas  ; 
at  bottom  Felices  una.  It  was  en- 
graved, with  seven  silver  Vauxhall  tickets, 
by  Mr.  Wilkinson,  in  1825,  and  which 
tickets  were  said,  by  Mr.  Wilkinson,  to 
be  designed  by  Hogarth,  but,  we  think, 
inaccurately. 

Mr.  Wilkinson's  plate  contains,  1.  a 
ticket  for  Mr.  John  Hinton,  1749f  with  a 
figure  of  Calliope.  2.  Mr.  Wood,  1750, 
three  infants  with  a  lyre,  &c.  jocosa 
CONVENIUNT  LYRA.  3.  Mr.  Rd.  Fhuak- 
ling,  with  figure  of  Evterpb.   4.  Mrt 


1843.] 


Fine  Arts, 


4  IS 


Sam.  Lewes,  with  figure  of  Erato.  5. 
Mr.  Carey,  with  figure  of  Thalia.  6. 
Apollo,  seated  on  a  dolphin  in  the  waves. 
7.  Medallion  in  lead,  from  the  statue  of 
Handel  by  Roubilliac,*  formerly  in  Vauz- 
hall  Gardens,  with  a  figure  of  Orpheus, 
Orpheus  Blandius. 
'  These  seven  tickets  were  also  previously 
engraved  in  Nicholses  History  of  Lam- 
beth, 1786,  p.  103,  with  two  others.  8. 
A  female  seated  in  the  clouds,  oratjb 
VICE  vBRis.  9.  A  female  seated  in  the 
gardens,  motto  at  top,  frondosa  pro- 
DUCiTUR  MTAS.  Theso  silver  tickets 
were  for  annual  subscribers  to  the  gardens. 

Mr.  Gwennap  also  showed  us  an  old 
drawing  of  Hogarth's  gold  medal,  which 
is  interesting  from  the  inscription  under- 
neath it  tending  to  identify  Hogarth's 
paintings.  It  is  as  follows  :  '*  A  correct 
representation  of  the  Gold  Perpetual  Ad- 
mission Medal,  presented  by  J.  Tyers, 
esq.  to  Mr.  Wm.  Hogarth,  for  his  Paint- 
ings in  Vauxhall  Gardens,  of  (1)  King 
Henry  VIII.  (2)  The  May  Pole.  (3)  The 
Birds  Nesting.  (4^  Angling.  (5)  A  Moon- 
light Piece  ;  •  and  (6)  Bonfire  Night." 

What  has  become  of  Henry  VIII.  and 
Anne  Boleyn  we  know  not;  but  have  heard 
that  it  is  still  in  being.  Fortunately, 
Hogarth  preserved  the  design  by  his  fine 
engraving  of  it,  as  early  as  1 729. 

2.  *'  The  May  Pole  "is  described  by 
Nichols  as  **  No.  9,  The  Country-dan- 
cers round  the  Maypole."  [Hist.  Lam- 
beth, p.m.]  It  was  sold  at  the  Gardens 
in  1841. 

3.  **  The  Birdsnesting,*'  is  noticed  by 
Nichols  (p.  113)  as  "No.  4,  Bird-nest- 
ing.'^  This  picture,  now  carefully  cleaned 
by  Mr.  Gwennap,  turns  out  a  most  valu- 
able one.  It  is  8  ft.  long,  by  4  ft.  9  in. 
The  Athenaeum  thus  speaks  of  it :  "  '  The 
Bird's  Nest'  is  manifestly  Hogarthian, 
though  quite  out  of  his  usual  style,  both 
as  to  subject  and  execution.  With  less 
piquancy  than  a  Watteau,  and  less  powerful 
effect  than  a  Gainsborough,  it  has  not  the 
mannerism  of  either ;  its  luxuriant  wood- 
land beauties,  enhanced  by  such  lustrous 
freshness  of  tint,  will  surprise  amateurs 
who  take  Hogarth  for  a  mere  town  painter 
— no  approach  to  caricature  or  burlesque 
in  the  figures,  yet  a  strength  of  expression 
and  spirit  of  rustic  merriment  most  op- 
posed to  the  pastoral  in  Syria.  Ireland 
etched  a  Poussinesque  scene,  which  he 
calls  the  only  landscape  Hogarth  ever 
painted :  here  we  have  a  pendant  to  it, 
rather  perhaps  a  superior.     His  name  is 

*  This  statue  was  purchased,  a  few 
years  since,  at  Messrs.  Squibb's  rooms, 
for  200  gs.  by  Sir  Fraqcis  Chantrey. 


subscribed,  superfluously*  when  his  mind 
appears  so  evident  all  over  the  canvas." 
It  has  been  purchased  by  Joseph  Parkes* 
esq.  for  200/. 

4.  ** Angling*'  is  noticed  by  Nichols, 
(p.  113)  as  **No.  3,  Ladies  Angling." 
The  original  picture  was  purchased,  No- 
vember 1841,  at  the  sale  at  Vauxhall,  by 
the  proprietor  of  the  Gas  Works  at  Vaux* 
hall. 

5.  **  Moonlight  "  is  noticed  by  Nichols, 
(p.  112),  as  ''3,  The  Fairies  dancing  on 
the  Green  by  Moonlight."  This  has  been 
well  cleaned  by  Mr.  Gwennap.  It  is  8  ft. 
by  4  ft.  9  in.  It  is  a  fine  picture,  and  the 
strong  lights  remind^  one  of  the  hand  of 
Wright  of  Derby.  .  A  countryman  holds 
a  lantern  in  his  hand,  evidently  frightened 
at  the  ring  of  fairies  dancing  on  the  green  i 
who,  by  the  bye,  are  in  very  fanciful 
dresses,  the  male  figures  in  armour.  The 
moon  shines  most  brightly  in  the  opposite 
corner  of  the  picture.  It  has  been  bought 
by  Mr.  Parkes,  for  100/. 

6.  *'  Bonfire  Night  "  is  Hogarth's  Well- 
known  **  Night,"  the  fourth  plate  in  the 
Four  Parts  of  the  Day.  It  is  8  ft.  by  4  ft. 
9  in.  It  is  of  a  low  oblong  shape ;  whereas 
the  engraving  is  a  tall  upright.  The  paint 
is  thinly  laid  on,  and  is  much  in  Hogarth's 
manner.  The  date  1730  is  on  the  paint- 
ing, but  the  engraving  was  not  published 
till  1738.  On  the  right  of  the  picture, 
horses  and  other  objects  are  introduced, 
not  in  the  engraving.  Hogarth's  original 
picture  of  *** Night,"  was  purchased  for 
27/.  65.  by  Sir  Wm.  Heathcote,  and  we 
suppose  is  still  in  the  possession  of  the 
family.  This  we  shall  be  glad  to  know, 
and  also  the  dimensions  of  the  painting. 

Mr.  Gwennap  has  also  on  view  Hogarth's 
picture  of  **  Evening,". size  6  ft.  8  in.  by 
4  ft.  9  in.  It  differs  materially  from  the 
engraving ;  particularly  in  the  omission  of 
the  view  of  the  distant  landscape  in  the 
centre  of  the  picture.  This  picture  is 
painted  in  a  different  style  to  "  Night,'' 
being  much  more  heavily  coloured,  and 
might  be  by  Hayman  after  Hogarth.  It 
has  the  Girl  in  it,  which  is  said  to  have 
been  added  to  the  engraving  by  Hogarth, 
in  consequence  of  a  question  for  what  the 
Boy  was  crying,  after  a  few  proofs  were 
taken  of  Barron's  engraving.  Mr.  Stanly 
has  one  proof  in  that  state,  for  which  he 
gave  50/.  at  Baker's  sale.  This  painting, 
therefore,  could  not  have  been  executed 
before  1738.  **  Evening  "  and  *•  Night " 
were  not  sold  in  November,  1841,  at  the 
Vauxhall  sale  ;  but,  as  appears  by  Bray's 
Surrey,  iii.  491,  had  been  previously  re- 
moved from  Vauxhall  by  Mr.  G.  Rogers 
Barrett,  the  proprietor,  to  his  private 
boose  at  StodEwell.    Since  which,  they 


414 


Fine  Ari$. 


[a«e. 


hare  passed  through  the  hands  of  Tarious 
dealers  to  their  present  owner,  J.  Parkes^ 
esq.  of  Great  George-street,  for  100/.  each. 
Hogarth's  finished  painting  of  Evening*' 
was  sold  for  39/.  18«.  to  the  Duke  of 
Ancaster,  and  was  afterwards  in  the  pos- 
session of  Lord  Gwydir.  At  his  Lord- 
ship's sale  by  Christie,  the  picture  was 
bought  by  Mr.  Dutton,  and  from  him  was 
again  sold  at  Christie's.  Can  this  be  the 
very  identical  picture  ? 

It  may  be  useful  to  enumerate  from 
Nichols's  Lambeth  the  paintings  as  they 
were  arranged  in  Yauzball  Gardens  in 
1786;  adding  the  name  of  Haymsn  to 
those  designs  he  engraved  in  a  series  of 
prints  in  a  folio  size,  14  in.  by  10,  pub- 
lished by  Bowles. 

1.  Two  Mahometans  gazing  in  wonder 
and  astonishment  at  the  many  beauties  of 
the  place. 

2.  A  Shepherd  playing  on  his  pipe,  and 
decoying  a  Shepherdess  into  a  wood. 

3.  Evening — {Hogarth), 

4.  The  Game  of  Quadrille,  and  the  Tea- 
equipage — {Hayman), 

5.  Music  and  Singing. 

6.  Children  building  House  with  Cards 
— {Hay  man), 

7.  A  Scene  in  the  Mock  Doctor*- 
(Hayman). 

8.  An  Archer,  and  a  Landscape. 

9.  The  Country  Dancers  round  the 
Maypole — ( Hogarth) . 

10.  Thread  my  needle. 

11.  Flying  the  Kite. 

12.  A  Story  in  Pamela,  who  reveals  to 
Mr.  B.'s  housekeeper  her  wishes  of  re- 
turning to  her  own  home. 

13.  A  Scene  in  the  Devil  to  Pay ;  the 
characters  are  Jobson,  Nell,  and  the  Con- 
juror— {Hayman),  This  was  bought  by 
H.  Rodd. 

14.  Children  playing  at  Shuttlecock — 
[*<  Battledore  and  Shuttlecock  "—-Hay- 
man]. 

15.  Hunting  the  Whistle. 

16.  Another  Story  in  Pamela,  her  fly- 
ing from  Lady  Davers. 

17.  A  Scene  in  the  Merry  Wives  of 
Windsor,  where  Sir  John  Falsta£f  is  put 
into  the  buck<basket — {Hayman), 

18.  A  Sea-engagement  between  the 
Spaniards  and  African  Moors. 

Another  pavilion  was  thus  decorated  : 

1.  Difficult  to  please. 

3.  Sliding  on  the  Joe— (dayman). 

3.  Players  on  Bagpipes  and  Hautboys. 

4.  Hogarth's  "  Night." 

5.  Blindman's  Buff— (Aayman). 

6.  Leap-frog— (fliayman). 

7.  The  Wapping  Landlady  —  {Hay- 
man). 

8.  The  play  of  Skittle»^(Hayman). 


In  another  PaviUoa : 

1.  Taking  of  Porto  BeUo  i«  1740,  ]^ 
Admiral  Vernon. 

2.  Mademoiselle  Catherina,  the  dwMf-^ 
(Hayman), 

3.  Ladies  Angling.  [This  is  probably 
by  Hogarth,  and  answers  to  **  4.  Angling" 
in  the  list  under  the  drawing  of  the  medal]  • 

4.  Bird-nesting — (Hogarth), 

5.  The  play  of  Bob -cherry. 

6.  Falstaff's  cowardice  detected— -(JQSsy- 
man).  This  picture,  from  Shakapeare'i 
Henry  IV.  was  bought  at  the  Yamhidl 
sale  in  1841  by  H.  Rodd.  It  contm* 
portraits  of  Quin  as  Falstaff)  Mills,  jua* 
as  Prince  Henry ;  and  Hippesley  as  Poinf . 
Size,  8  ft.  by  4  ft.  9. 

7.  The  Bad  Family.  This  pictvn  wu 
bought  by  H.  Rodd,  at  Vauihall  sale,  ia 
1 841 .  The  husband  is  assaulting  i^  wifo, 
who  is  taking  a  pot  from  the  fir«,  and 
with  uplifted  arm  is  trying  to  defend  Imc^ 
self.  The  children  are  filled  with  aa- 
tonishment  and  fear,  and  are  imploriog 
the  father  not  to  strike  their  mother.  A 
clergyman  is  entering  the  door,  apparently 
endeavouring  to  make  peace.  Size,  8  ft* 
by  4  ft.  9  in. 

8.  The  Good  Family.  This  picture  waa 
bought  by  H.  Rodd,  at  Vauxhall  sale,  ia 
1841.  It  consists  of  a  father,  mother, 
and  infant  (in  arms),  sitting  at  a  table  in 
the  left  corner,  the  eldest  daughter  at 
her  spinning-wheel,  and  two  boys  listen- 
ing to  their  father  reading  the  Bible ;  la 
the  right  comer  is  a  servant  girl  cleaning 
pots,  &c.     Size,  8  ft.  by  4  ft.  9. 

9.  Taking  the  St.  Joseph,  a  Spanish 
ship,  1742,  by  Captain  Tucker,  in  the 
Fowey  man-of-war. 

In  another  Pavilion : 

1.  Bird-catching  by  a  decoy,  with  a 
whistle  and  net.  A  boy  is  stooping  hold- 
ing the  string  of  the  net ;  a  girl  is  leaning 
on  both  her  hands ;  another  boy  is  behind 
her,  whistling  ;  and  a  girl  is  standing  near 
them.  This  picture  was  bought  by  Mr. 
Swabey,  of  Muswell  Hill.  Size,  8  ft.  by 
4  ft.  9  in. 

2.  The  play  of  See-saw — (Hayman). 

3.  The  Fairies  dancing  on  the  Green — 
(Probably  Hogarth). 

4.  The  Milkmaid's  Garland,  with  iU 
usual  attendants.  [Probably  ''May-Day** 
— Hayman,"] 

5.  The  Kiss  Stolen.  [''Stealing  a  Kiss'* 
— Hayman,"] 

In  another  Pavilion : 

1.  A  Northern  Chief,  with  his  Prinoesa 
and  her  favourite  Swain,  placed  in  a  sledge 
and  drawn  on  the  ice  by  a  horse. 

2.  The  play  of  Hot-cockles. 

3.  An  Old  Gipsy  telling  Fortonaa  by 
the  Coflee-cupa— (^TayiNan). 


1843.] 


Fine  Arts. 


41& 


4.  The  Cutting  of  Flour,  a  Christmas 
gambol,  (which  is  by  placing  a  little  ball 
at  the  top  of  a  cone  of  iloar,  into  which 
all  are  to  cut  with  a  knife,  and  whoever 
causes  the  ball  to  fall  from  the  summit 
must  take  it  out  with  his  teeth,  which  is 
represented  in  the  painting). 

5.  The  play  of  Cricket — {Hayman), 

It  is  unneceasary  to  describe  the  other 
paintings  in  the  (hardens,  which  were 
mostly  by  Ha3rman,  who  appears  to  have 
been  considered  at  the  time,  as  a  painter, 
fully  equal  to  Hogarth.  How  differently 
estimated  now  1 

-  In  the  series  of  prints  painted  by  Hay- 
man,  is  one  not  noticed  by  Nichols  in 
his  *<  History  of  Lambeth,"  entitled,  The 
King  and  Miller  of  Mansfield  ;  knighting 
the  Miller,  from  the  original  in  Vauzhall 
Gardens. 

A  painting  called  The  Cardplayers  was 
bought  at  the  Vauxhall  sale  in  1841,  by 
Mr.  Swabey.  It  contained  portraits  of 
the  Barrett  &mily. 

Mr.  Gwennap  had  in  his  rooms,  at 
the  same  time,  the  following  pictures : 
A  burlesque  on  the  *'  Judgment  of 
Paris,*'  attributed  to  Hogarth.  Paris  is 
seated,  dressed  as  a  Clown  in  a  Panto- 
mime, and  Mercury  is  standing  behind 
him.  Before  him  are  Juno,  with  a  pea- 
cock over  her  in  a  tree,  Venus  with  a 
Cupid,  and  Minerva,  with  an  owl  on  the 
ground.  The  three  Goddesses  are  in 
modem  dresses ;  and  Minerva  is  dressed 
in  a  blue  velvet  riding  habit,  trimmed 
with  gold  lace,  looking  like  a  naval  officer. 
There  is  a  story  of  George  II.  taking  the 
hint  of  the  naval  uniform  from  his  admi- 
ration  of  the  lady's  dress  who  was  in- 
tended by  this  figure  of  Minerva. 

A  small  picture,  called  **  The  Student,'' 
thought  to  be  by  Hogarth.  A  little  boy 
is  sitting  drawing  a  bust,  which  baffles  his 
efforts. 

A  capital  portrait  of  Dr.  Pellet,  by 
Hogarth,  engraved  by  Thane  in  1781, 
when  the  picture  was  in  his  possession. 

A  small  whole-length  portrait  of  Jona- 
than Tyers,  beautifully  painted,  in  the 
opinion  of  Mr.  Gwennap,  by  Watteau. 
Gardens  are  introduced  in  the  background. 
It  is  about  15  in.  high. 

Sir  W.  de  Bath  has  contributed,  on 
loan,  to  Mr.  Gwennap,  one  that  exceeds 
the  preceding  in  beauty,  "  Scene  III.  of 
the  Harlot's  Progress."  It  appears  by 
Nichols's  "  Hogarth,"  that  five  of  the 
original  pictures  were  burnt  at  Mr.  Beck- 
ford*s  at  Fonthill,  in  1755,  and  that  the 
sixth  painting  was  in  the  possession  oi 
the  Earl  of  Charlemont.  Can  this  be  the 
same  painting  ?  Bat  it  has  a  value  quite 
unadventitious,  fislling  little  short  of  the 
painter's  works  most  famed  for  careful 


workmanship  and  agreeable  colour.  Poiw 
tions,  such  as  Justice  Gonson  and  his 
alguazils,  are  weak ;  on  the  other  hand, 
unfortunate  Mary  Hackabout's  head  and 
bust  display  a  beauty  of  treatment  that 
might  become  Diana  own  portrait. 

8ALTAT0R  KOSA'B    SKETCH   BOOK. 

Eighty- two  pages,  the  remnant  of  tha 
<*  Rough  Sketch  Book  "  of  Salvator  Rosa, 
were  found  at  Naples,  in  the  possession 
of  a  family  noble  but  rednced  to  poverty, 
having  formed  a  portion  of  its  shore  in 
the  library,  drawings,  prints,  pictures, 
and  other  effects,  divided  many  years  ago 
among  the  heirs  of  a  deceased  relative. 
Ignorant  of  its  value,  the  head  of  the  fa* 
mily,  a  good-natured  old  man,  had  given 
*'  the  book,"  as  a  plaything,  to  his  grands 
children,  who  amused  themselves  by 
tracing  in  ink  the  outlines  of  some,  and 
otherwise  maltreating  most  of  the 
sketches ;  till,  by  degrees,  the  greater  part 
were  destroyed.  In  the  year  1634  an 
itinerant  print-dealer  offered  to  Mr. 
Auldjo  for  sale  the  sketch  numbered  58> 
At  the  first  glance  Mr.  Auldjo  was  satis* 
fied  it  was  a  drawing  by  Sidvator  Rosa, 
and  purchased  it  without  hesitation.  His 
judgment  was  confirmed  by  several  emi- 
nent collectors  of  drawings  in  Naples. 
From  the  remains  of  the  marks  of  stitch- 
ing which  it  then  exhibited,  and  the  re- 
gular stain  round  its  edges,  he  concluded 
that  it  was  the  leaf  of  a  book,  and  imme- 
diately set  to  work  to  trace,  if  possible, 
the  source  through  which  it  had  come  into 
the  dealer's  hands.  This  had  been  by  mere 
chance ;  and  it  was  a  long  time  before  he 
could  get  any  clue,  and  at  last  only  suc- 
ceeded in  time  to  save  the  small  remaining 
portion  above  mentioned  from  inevitable 
destruction.  The  old  "  Principe,"  their 
possessor,  well  remembered  *^  that  the 
book,  of  which  they  formed  part,  was  per- 
fect when  it  came  into  his  hands  ;  that 
it  contained  between  three  and  four  hun- 
dred drawings,  with  many  pages  of  notes; 
that  the  uncle,  from  whom  he  derived  it, 
prized  it  much ;  that  he  used  to  say  it 
was  by  un  pittoref  un  certo  Salvator, 
but  that  he,  not  knowing  anything  about 
drawings,  never  cared  for  it,  and  thought 
there  was  little  harm  in  giving  it  to  his 
grandchildren  ;  had  he  had  an  idea  it  was 
worth  anything,  he  would  not  have  done 
so!"  To  such  accidents  are  even  the 
known  works  of  the  greatest  artists  occa* 
sionally  exposed. 

CARTOONS  BT  BAFFAKLK. 

Two  new  cartoons  by  Baffaele  are  in 
the  possession  of  Messrs.  Colnaghi,  Pall 
Mali  East,  discovered  not  long  since 
under  tlie  usual  oircumatancei— defoul* 


416 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


[Oct. 


ment  and  dilapidation.  BotTi  cartoons 
have  attracted  much  notice  from  connois- 
senrs,  especially  that  for  the  **  Virgin  and 
Child,'*  a  picture  now  belonging  to  Mr. 
Rogers,  of  which  we  think  there  can  be 
little  doubt,  as  a  genuine  design  by  the 
hand,  and  the  sole  hand,  of  Raffaele.  An 
engraving  has  been  well  taken,  in  full-size 
lithograph  ;  its  tone,  at  first  glance,  sug- 
gested  to  us  Andrea  del  SariOj  but  the 
cartoon  itself  dissipated  this  suspicion; 
there  is  a  character,  palpable  though  in- 
definable, about  the  child,  far  above 
Andrea,  whether  we  regard  its  artistical 
or  poetical  attributes.  Considering  the 
faded  state  of  Mr.  Rogers's  once  admirable 
and  still  beautiful  picture,  this  cartoon 
has  a  high  value  :  Messrs.  Colnaghi  ask, 
we  believe,  1000/.  for  it  from  any  indi- 
dual  purchaser,  but  would,  perhaps,  with 
a  fair  compromise  between  their  private 
interest  and  public  spirit,  accept  a  fifth 
less  from  the  Nation.  Of  the  other  car- 
toon, *'  David  slaying  Goliah,"  it  might 
be  enough  to  say  that  Raffaele  executed 
sketches  only,  not  designs*  for  the  Loggie 
subjects,  of  which  this  is  one,  at  least  for 
none  beyond  the  first  cupoletta :  yet  this 
inspiration  renders  itself  visible  through- 


out the  copies  made  by  his  pupils,  and 
gives  them  special  worth;  the- present 
specimen,  though  almost  obliterated, 
would  do  honour  to  Giulio  Romano. — 
(Athenceum.) 

NEW  STATUES. 

A  bronze  statue,  cast  after  a  4nodel  bj 
Schwanthaler,  of  the  Margrave  Frederick 
of  Bayreuth,  has  lately  been  executed,  at 
the  command  of  the  King  of  Bavaria,  a&d 
sent  to  the  university  of  E^langen,  of 
which  the  Margrave  was  the  founder. 

Two  models  of  statues  by  Teneroni, 
one  of  the  present  King  of  the  Two  Sici- 
lies, and  the  other  of  Bolivar,  have  been 
sent  from  Rome  to  Munich  to  be  cast  in 
bronze  by  Stiglmayr. 

The  statue  of  Bichat,  the  celebrated 
physician,  and  author  of  Recherehes  9ur 
fa  Vie  et  la  Mori,  has  been  inaugurated 
at  Bourg,  with  great  pomp.  Biebat  is 
represented  contemplating  the  movement 
of  life  in  an  infant,  whilst  at  his  feet  lies 
a  half  dissected  body. 

A  statue  of  the  Abb^  de  I'Espte,  the 
founder  of  the  institution  for  the  Deaf 
and  Dumb,  has  been  inaugurated  at  Ver- 
sailles. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


CITY    EXCAVATIONS,   &C. 

Mr.  Urban, — In  my  last  communica- 
tion to  your  pages  on  City  Excavations, 
I  briefly  noticed  a  few  of  the  Antiquarian 
discoveries  in  Butcher  Hall  Lane ;  among 
them  I  should  have  included  a  small 
copper  coin  (plated),  imp  .  c  cl  .  tacitvs 
— Rev.  afemale  figure  standing,  laetitia. 
Also  a  fragment  of  a  large  amphora,  with 
the  impress  ofL'CF'P'C'O* 

Water  Lane  f  Tower  Street,  The  recent 
excavation  for  sewerage  in  this  district  pre- 
sented the  same  indications  of  Roman  oc- 
cupancy as  were  observed  in  the  neigh- 
bouring street  of  St.  Mary  at  Hill,  in 
Jan.  1842.  viz.  an  abundance  of  frag- 
ments of  earthenware  utensils,  including 
portions  of  large  amphorae  and  bottles  of 
various  sizes,  together  with  numerous 
fragments  of  Samian  ware,  one  of  the 
latter  bearing  the  stamp  **  of  bassi." 

Goodman'' s  Fields,  The  discoveries 
from  time  to  time  in  this  locality,  toge- 
ther with  those  of  Whitechapcl,  Spital- 
fields,  and  its  neighbourhood,  have  clearly 
demonstrated  that  for  a  very  considerable 
extent  the  eastern  side  of  the  ancient 
boundary  of  London  was  appropriated  as 
a  burial  ground  by  the  Romans.  In  the 
present  instance,  the  excavation,  which 
began  at  the  western  end  of  Great  Alie 
10 


Street,  and  extended  right  and  left  along 
Mansell  Street,  has  afforded  us  additional 
testimony.  Human  remains,  both  bnmt 
and  unburnt,  have  been  found  upon  the 
Roman  level.  Several  of  the  dark  grey 
urns  of  the  usual  form  and  character,  con- 
taining burnt  human  bones  and  earth,  have 
been  taken  up  nearly  perfect.  On  the 
same  stratum  were  found  various  other 
relics,  in  glass,  earthenware,  &c.  Also  a 
coin  of  Hadrian  (second  size),  but  very 
much  defaced.  ' 

Bishopsgate  Street  Without  (near  Sun 
Street).  Numerous  fragments  of  Samian 
pottery :  a  patera  nearly  perfect  bears  the 
impress  of  **  at  all'*  Among  the  other 
potter's  marks  are  "  of  face  '* — "  aven- 

TINI  " — "  OF  VIRILI  ** — "  OF  NIGRI." 

Holbom  Bridge,  (The  new  Street). 
On  a  former  occasion  (Gent.  Mag.  July 
1843,)  I  sent  you  a  few  notes  relative  to 
this  site,  which  it  is  presumed  formed  the 
eastern  bank  of  the  river  Fleet.  Prepa- 
rations are  now  making  for  the  erection  of 
an  adjoining  building.  It  has  been  found 
necessary  to  go  to  a  considerable  depth 
for  the  foundation,  in  consequence  of  the 
peculiar  character  of  the  soil,  which  con* 
sists  of  a  fine  black  mud,  evidently  an  al- 
luvial deposit  at  a  period  when  the  anci- 
ent inhabitants  of  London  Uttte  dreamed 


1843.] 


Aniigutnian  Researches. 


417 


l9Mit  ftie  then-MiTigable  river  Fleet  would 
in  after-agefl  degenerate  into  a  filthy  ditch. 
In  this  stratum  were  fragments  of  black 
cinerary  urns,  foottlesy  mortaria,  Samian 
pottery,  and  animal  remains ;  among  the 
ktter,  I  observed  a  piece  of  a  human 
skull.  A  portion  of  a  large  mortarium 
bears  tiie  stamp  of  eECVNDTS  v  (the  first 
▼  within  the  e.)  Those  also  of  '<  abiani  *' 
— *•  o»  CALVi '»  and  **  patris**  occur  on 
^ree  of  the  fragments  of  Samian  ware. 

On  one  of  the  numerous  pieces  of  black 
urns  or  vases  are  mdely  cut  the  letters 
V  H  T.  From  the  very  equivocal  appear- 
ance of  4^e  central  one,  it  may  either  be 
intended  for  n  (reversed,  which  is  not 
uncommon)  or,  which  is  more  probable, 
it  may  be  va  in  monogram.  The  pre* 
ceding  letters  are  unfortunately  lost  by^ 
the  firaicture. 

At  a  depth  of  about  12  feet  from  the 
road  fiie  workmen  eame  upon  the  remains 
of  a  well  of  from  3  to  4  feet  diameter, 
formed  of  hewn  stones  most  admirably 
fitted  together  with  a  cement  almost  as 
hard.  It  had  all  the  appearance  of  hav- 
ing  been  filled  up  for  ages. 

In  the  collection  of  Mr.  Walter  Haw- 
kins, F.S.A.  is  an  anchor  singularly  en- 
crusted with  rust  and  pebbles,  which  is 
stated  to  have  been  found  in  Fleet  Ditch, 
I  believe  during  the  alterations  necessary 
for  the  new  street,  about  3  or  4  years  ago. 
It  measures  3  ft.  10  in.  in  height ;  and  is, 
with  the  possessor's  permission,  here  re- 
presented. 


The  interesting  diseoveries  in  the  imme- 
diate neighbourhood  about  3  or  4  years 
ago,  and  which  were  communicated  to  the 
Soc.  of  Antiq.  by  Mr.  C.  R.  Smith,  have 
been  already  noticed  in  the  Gent.  Mag. 
The  present  excavation  is  merely  remark- 
able for  the  numerous  fragments  of 
Roman  pottery,  induding  portions  of 
amphorae,  necks  and  handles  of  bottles 
of  large  size,  glass,  and  fragments  of  Sa- 
mian  ware ;  among  the  latter,  the  remains 
of  a  beautifully  formed  cup  with  the  im- 
press of  *'  pniM  *  M,**  probably  an  abbrevia- 
tion of  ''  Primitivus,"  a  name  of  frequent 
occurrence  on  this  ware.  Also  a  small 
terra-eotta  lamp,  with  a  crescent  in 
reUef.  £.  B.  P. 


In  Brayley*s  Beauties  of  England  and 
Wales,  published  in  1810,  vol.  z.  p.  70, 
it  is  stated  (but  upon  what  authority  does 
not  appear)  that  an  anchor  is  traditionally 
said  to  have  been  found  in  this  ditch  as 
high  up  as  the  Elephant  and  Castle, 
where  the  road  branches  off  to  Kentish 
Town. 

Tooley  Street,  (Dover  Railway  Termi- 
nus.) In  digging  the  foundation  for  the 
extension  of  these  premises  to  St.. 
Thomas's  Hospital,  still  fhrther  evidenee 
of  Roman  occupancy  has  been  presented. 

Gbnt.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


TOMBS  AT  SAT  ANA  IN  TUSCANY. 

Mr.  Ueban, — In  the  course  of  a  re- 
cent residence  in  Italy  I  made  the  tour  of 
Etruria  Proper,  visiting  the  sites  of  the 
towns,  and  all  places  where  Etruscan  an- 
tiquities were  known  to  exist ;  and  in  the 
course  of  this  examination  I  had  the  good 
fortune  to  discover  some  which  were  not 
known  to  any  of  the  Archaeologists. 

Sepulchres  decorated  above  with  an  archi- 
tectural fa9ade,  carved  in  the  natural  rock, 
are  well  known  from  the  examples  at  the 
Castel  d'Asso,  but  are  also  found  in  great 
variety,  and  of  different  degrees  of  im- 
portance, in  a  large  district  of  the  Papal 
States  about  Viterbo.  None,  however, 
of  this  kind  were  known  to  exist  in  that 
part  of  Etruria  comprised  in  modem  Tus- 
cany until  I  discovered  some,  and  of  a 
very  novel  and  interesting  character,  at 
SaVana,  anciently  called  Suana,  a  small 
town  in  the  south-west  comer  of  that 
state.  On  my  return  to  Florence  I  wrot» 
a  description  of  them  to  Dr.  Henzen,  of 
the  Archaeological  Society  of  Rome,  who 
was  acting  as  its  Secretary  in  the  absence 
of  Dr.  Braun ;  and  thinking  that  it  might 
not  be  uninteresting  to  the  lovers  of 
Etruscan  antiquities  in  England  to  have 
a  description  of  these  beautifol  and  curious 
monuments,  I  now  beg  to  forward  to  you 
the  contents  of  my  communication. 

I  first  discovered  in  a  hill  caUed  Poggio 
Prisca,  to  the  north-west  of  Savana,  some 
small  excavations,  which  were  evidently 
Etruscan  tombs,  being  decorated  with  an 
external  ornament  common  at  Castd 
d*Asso,  and  elsewhere,  but  pres^ting  no 
new  features.  The  hill  consists  of  a  range 
of  tuft),  rising  out  of  a  not  very  steep  de- 
clivity, looking  to  the  south-east,  and 
resembles  the  situations  whieh  the  Etrus- 
cans  usually  chose  for  their  sculptured 
tombs.  I  pursued  the  range  of  rocks,  and 
at  the  distance  of  about  a  mile  and  a 
quarter  from  Savana  eame  upon  a  mon«» 
mest  of  very  great  interest.    It  Imm  hai 

3R 


418 


Antiquarian  Researches, 


[Oct. 


the  form  of  the  portico  of  a  temple,  cut 
out  in  the  solid  tufo.     One  column  at  one 
end  still  remains,  supporting  the  corner 
of  the  pediment ;  and  behind  it  a  square 
pilaster,   attached  to  the  surface  of  the 
rock,  representing  the  body  of  the  temple. 
They  are  fluted,  and  have  corresponding 
capitals,  which  seem  to  have  been  very 
similar  to  one  that  I  have  seen  in  Signor 
Campanari's  museum  at  Toscanella,  hav- 
ing foliage  running  round  its  base,  and 
springing  boldly  up  to  the  corners,  some- 
what in  tbe  manner  of  the  Corinthian,  but 
with  large  human  heads  placed  in  the 
middle  of  each  face  of  the  capital,  between 
the  foliage.     All  has  been  covered  with  a 
thin  coat  of  cement, — column  and  pilaster, 
as  well  as  the  plain  surface  of  the  rock ; 
and  there  are  indications  of  colour,  par- 
ticularly in  the  latter,  where  a  broad  fascia 
of  the  usual  deep  red  colour  has  run  along 
the  bottom.     The  plan  of  the  fa9ade  seems 
to  have  consisted  of  four  columns,  but  not 
equally  distant  from  one  another,  being 
coupled  at  the  two  ends,  and  leaving  a 
larger  space  between  them.     The  pedi- 
ment is  too  much  injured  to  allow  one  to 
judge  if  there  has  been  sculpture  in  it ; 
but  the  soffitto  of  that  part  which  remains 
is    decorated    with    medallions.     All    is 
elevated  upon  a  base,  without  the  appear- 
ance of  steps,  and  must  have  had  an  im- 
posing appearance  when  perfect ;  whilst 
in  its  ruin,  decorated  as  it  is  with  the 
trees  which  grow  out  of  the  crevices,  and 
have  partly  occasioned  its  destruction,  it 
presents  one  of  the  most  picturesque  ob- 
jects which  my  portfolio  contains.     The 
basement  is  6  feet  6  in.  high .     The  column 
to  the  pediment  15  ft.  6  in.  while  its  dia- 
meter is  32  inches,  with  about  the  same 
distance  between  the  pilaster  and  the  co- 
lumn, and  between  the  pairs  of  columns 
at  the  ends.     The  whole  width  of   the 
monument  seems  to  have  been  26  feet. 
Although  thus  in  the  form  of  a  portico  of 
a  temple,  I  have  little  doubt  that  It  was  a 
sepulchre,  as  it  is  in  the  same  range  of 
rocks  with  unquestionable   tombs.     The 
present  state  of  the  ground,  however,  does 
not  show  the  passage  to  the  sepulchral 
chamber  underneath.     There    are    other 
remains    quite  close  to  this  monument, 
which  seem  to  have  been  of  considerable 
importance,  but  which  are  too  vague  to 
judge  precisely  what  they  have  been,  al- 
though sufficient  to  suggest  the  idea  that 
there  has  been  situated  in  this  spot  a 
union  of  objects  of  architectural  grandeur. 
I  found  afterwards  it  goes  amongst  the 
shepherds  by  the  name  of  the  Grotto  Pola. 
Another  monument,  which  they  call  La 
Fontana,  is  situated  in  a  range  of  rocks, 
opposite  to  one  of  the  gates  of  Savana,  on 
the  loutb,  and  some  little  distance  above 


an  actual   fountain,  which  goes  by  the 
name  of  II  Piscolo.    This  monument  is, 
however,  clearly  a  sepulchral  monument, 
as  well  as  that  first  described.   It  consistii 
of  a  mass  of  rock,  somewhat  insulated, 
which  has  been  thus  decorated.  The  body 
of  the  monument  is  plain,  its  bou^dary 
lines  being  slightly  larger  at  the  bottom 
than  the  top,  with  a  large  arched  niche 
cut  in  it,  giving  very  much  the  appearance 
of  a  fountain  ;  but  there  is  no  channel  for 
the  water.    At  the  bottom  of  the  niche 
are  two  steps,  which  have  been  disfigured 
by  work  of  subsequent  times.    The  bqdy 
of   the  monument  is  surmounted   by  a 
frieze   of  somewhat  a  Doric  character, 
projecting  slightly  forward   beyond   the 
other  part.     It  is  divided  into  something 
like  triglyphs  and  metopes,  although  the 
^actual  Unes  of  the  triglyphs  and  the  guttse 
are  not  expressed.    The  metope  is  deco- 
rated with  a  sort  of  patera,  as  you  some- 
times see  in  Roman  friezes.    Above  the 
frieze  is  a  bas-relief,  resembling  what  is 
occasionally  seen  on  the  sepulchral  urns, 
the  contour  of  it  taking  the  form  of  an 
irregular  pediment.     In  the  middle  is  a 
female  figure  with  wings,  entirely  without 
drapery,  terminating  below  the  middle  in 
fishes'  tails.     On  each  side,  and  turning 
from  her,  is  a  male  figure,  but  whether 
they  are  winged  genii,  or  warriors  with 
mantles  flying  from  energy  of  action,  it  is 
difficult,  on  account  of  the  decay  of  the 
surface,  with  certainty  to  decide— I  should 
incline  to  the  former  opinion.   .The  cor- 
ners appear  to  have  been  decorated  with 
ornaments  of  a  Greek  character.     A  large 
tree  springs  from  close  to  the  head  of  the 
female  figure,  and  has  split  the  monument 
from  top  to  bottom.     Steps  have  run  up 
to  the  right.    The  width  of  the  monument 
is  about  17  ft.  2  in.,  and  about  the  same 
in  height,  the  frieze  and  pediment  in- 
cluded in  this  being  about  6  feet     I  did 
not  doubt  for  a  moment  that  what  I  had 
seen  was  Etruscan  :  if  I  had,  here  was  an 
inscription  in  the  middle  of  the  niche.    It 
looks  north-east. 

In  tbe  same  line  of  rocks  were  many 
other  tombs,  to  which  our  way  was  obliged 
to  be  cut  through  the  thick  wood.  They 
are  of  the  character  of  Castel  d'Asso, 
though  varying  in  details,  as  in  the  pro- 
jecting cornices,  which  have  more  of  an 
Egyptian  character.  In  some  examples 
there  are  dentils,  while  many  have  been 
surmounted  by  a  small  pedestal,  whether 
for  the  support  of  anything  does  not  ap- 
pear clear.  On  many  of  these  are  in- 
scriptions. To  these  also  we  have  the 
passages  leading  to  the  tombs  underneath, 
sometimes  at  the  depth  of  6  or  7  yards. 
The  tombs  are  chambers  of  6  or  7  yards 
square,  with  the  usual  banquettes  ninning 


1843.0 


Antiquarian  Researches, 


419 


round  them,  but  without  any  novel  fea- 
tures, and  not  containing  anything. 

I  was  afterwards  conducted  by  a  peasant 
to  a  hill,  running  much  in  a  line  with  that 
in  which  the  first -described  monument 
was  found :  it  is  called  Poggio  Stanziole. 
Here  with  his  hatchet  he  uncovered  for 
me  numerous  tombs.  The  most  inte- 
resting of  these  was  one,  consisting  of.  a 
square  niche  or  portico,  bounded  by  plain 
walls,  or  antse,  if  they  may  be  so  called, 
which  seem  to  have  been  faced  by  a 
plain  pilaster,  with  some  simple  sort  of 
capital.  On  one  side  run  the  steps  up  to 
the  top  of  it,  which  is  common  in  many 
of  the  other  tombs.  The  soffitto  of  the 
niche  is  worked  with  medallions  of  a 
diamond  form.  Above  the  niche  is  a 
broad  simple  fascia,  on  which  rises  a  pe- 
diment thus  decorated  :  in  the  middle  a 
colossal  head  with  flowing  hair,  with  some, 
though  not  undoubted,  indications  of 
wings.  From  this  springs  on  each  side 
foliage,  which,  from  its  flowing  and  ele- 
gant character,  I  should  judge  to  be  of  a 
late  epoch :  it  is  bounded  by  a  simple 
fascia  running  round  the  pediment.  The 
dimensions  of  the  niche  are — width  10 
ft.,  height  9  ft.  4  in. ;  the  height  of  the 
pediment  above  the  niche  about  4  ft.  8  in. 
There  are  many  varieties  of  sculptured 
fti9ades  in  this  range  of  rocks,  of  the  style 
of  Castel  d'Asso,  and  with  inscriptions. 
A  variety,  of  which  I  have  only  seen  one 
example  elsewhere,  at  Beida,  is  this — the 
tomb  takes  the  shape  of  the  gable  end  of 
a  house,  with  the  beams  showing  in  the 
pediment,  but  without  other  decoration. 
A  plain  niche  under  the  pediment,  of  the 
width  of  the  monument,  allowing  for  the 
side  walls.  The  sides  are  carried  back 
very  deep,  and  are  cut  to  represent  the 
roof.  Of  these  there  are  two  or  three 
examples,  and  much  bolder  than  that  at 
Bieda.  There  are  other  tombs  which  have 
indications  of  having  been  decorated  with 
heads,  and  other  designs,  now  no  longer 
traceable. 

Having  visited  nearly  all  the  antiquities 
of  this  kind  known  to  exist  in  Etruria,  I  can 
truly  say  that  I  have  seen  no  place  which 
contains  so  great  a  variety  of  sculptured 
tombs  as  Savana,  although,  perhaps,  no 
specific  monument  there  may  claim  equal 
archaeological  interest  with  the  two  sculp- 
tured pediments  of  Norchia.  With  this 
exception,  they  are  the  most  interesting, 
and,  in  picturesque  beauty,  superior  even 
to  chose.  Views  of  them  will  appear  in 
a  work  I  am  about  to  publish. 

The  town  itself  occupies  a  site  which 
has  the  characteristics  of  most  Etruscan 
towns.  Insulated  by  valleys,  which  bound 
it  on  all  hands,  while  the  opposite  heights, 
as  well  as  some  more  distaot,  are  occupied 


by  the  tombs,  for  the  most  part  within 
sight  of  the  city.     I  could  discover  no 
remnants  of  Etruscan  walling. 
Portland  Placet  Yours,  &c. 

Lower  Clapton,    Sam.  Jas.  Ainslbt. 

ABCHiEOLOGICAL    INSTITUTION 
OF   ROME. 

The  Annals  of  last  year's  proceedings  of 
the  Archaeological  Institution  of  Rome 
have  been  recently  published,  and  con- 
tains drawings  and  description  of  the 
Temple  of  Mount  Ocha,  near  Carystus, 
in  Euboea,  communicated  by  Professor 
Ulrichs,  of  Athens.  This  temple  is 
generally  believed  to  be  the  oldest  and 
best  preserved  specimen  of  the  kind  in 
Greece,  and  is  particularly  remarkable 
for  the  massiveness  of  its  walls,  and  the 
peculiar  structure  of  its  roof.  The  prize 
proposed  by  this  Academy  in  1842,  for 
the  best  essay  on  the  Coinage  of  Italy, 
has  been  gained  by  Dr.  Achille  Gennarelli, 
author  of  the  text  of  the  *  Museo  Gre- 
goriano.'  He  opposes  many  of  the 
opinions  advanced  in  the  work  published 
by  Marche  and  Tessieri,  under  the  title 
of  *Aes  grave  del  Museo  Kircheriano,' 
which,  although  up  to  this  time  the 
standard  work  on  Italian  coinage,  was  yet 
so  faulty  as  to  induce  the  Archaeological 
Society  to  propose  a  prize  for  another  on 
the  same  subject. 


ARCHA0L06ICAL    SOCIETY    OF    BERLIN. 

An  Archaeological  Society  lately  formed 
at  Berlin  has  held  two  meetings,  both 
numerously  attended,  at  which  several 
papers  of  antiquarian  interest  were  read. 
The  arrangements  of  the  ancient  theatres , 
and  various  questions  relating  to  Greek 
Art,  were  discussed:  and  Herr  Curtius 
announced  his  intention  of  shortly  publish- 
ing a  work  on  Delphic  inscriptions. 

A  beautiful  colossal  s£atue,  in  good  pre- 
servation, has  been  found  in  the  plain  of 
Marathon,  and  deposited  in  the  Museum 
at  Athens.  It  is  Egyptian  in  style,  and 
is  supposed  to  be  either  an  Antinous  or 
an  Apollo. 

The  remains  of  a  Roman  theatre  have 
been  found  at  Evreuz.  The  walls  have 
been  laid  bare,  and  the  Minister  of  the 
Interior  has  deemed  the  discovery  so  in- 
teresting, that  he  has  granted  funds  for 
continuing  the  researches. 

An  antique  silver  vase  of  great  beauty, 
and  covered  with  bas-reliefs,  has  been 
discovered  at  Tourdan,  in  the  arrondisse- 
ment  of  Vienne.  It  it  semi-oval,  and 
sixteen  centimetres  high,  with  allegorical 
representations  of  the  seasons,  &c« 


420 


jirchitechtre. 


BBCBNT   DI8C0T-KBXEB. 

A  beaatifdl  tessellated  pavement  ha« 
been  discovered  in^he  oellar  of  the  Ozbody 
Inn,  Mitre  Street,  Gloucester^  about  8 
faot  below  the  level  of  the  street. 


A  piece  of  gold,  of  twisted  workman- 
ship, said  to  be  worth  for  old  gold,  20/. 


has  beett  found  by  a  nii'iii««i0i  fuit  ploMjft-' 
ing  a  fidd  belonging  to  Mr.  H.  Ullywlm^ 
of  Ropiey,  Hampshire.  It  it  fypoged  to 
be  a  collar  worn  by  theRomm,isof  Tsr^ 
neat  workmanship,  in  a  good  state  of  pw 
senration,  and  is  now  in  the  possBsrioB  Of 
the  Key.  S.  Moddook,  ylcar  of  Bopley. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


8T.  obobge's  chapbl,  wimdsob. 

Extensive  alterations  and  embellish- 
ments  in  this  edifice  have  been  in  progress 
since  the  early  part  of  May  last,  and  have 
just  been  brought  to  a  close.  It  is  now 
nearly  a  century  since  the  Chapel  had 
undergone  any  repairs.  The  groined 
ceilings  have  been  thoroughly  cleaned, 
and  the  defective  parts  carefully  pointed 
and  restored.  The  whole  of  the  white- 
wash and  colouring  matter^  upon  the 
pillars,  arches,  and  piers,  and  upon  the 
hitherto  half-hidden  Gothic  screens  to  the 
Hastings,  Beaufort,  Lincoln,  and  other 
chapels,  have  been  removed,  restoring  the 
stonework  to  its  natural  tints.  The 
monuments,  and  the  interiors  of  the  pri- 
vate chapels,  have  been  carefully  restored. 

The  oaken  stalls  of  the  Knights  of  the 
Garter,  with  their  canopies,  have  been 
cleaned  and  repaired  where  necessary,  so 
as  to  render  them  strictly  perfect.  The 
dark  and  dingy  paint  which  covered  Uie 
carving  of  the  stalls  has  been  carefully 
scraped  o£f,  and  the  wood  left  in  its  own 
tint,  which'has  considerably  improved  and 
heightened  the  general  effect  of  the  interior. 
The  projecting  front  of  the  royal  closet, 
over  the  north  side  of  the  idtar,  which 
had  always  been  considered  to  be  stone, 
was  discovered,  upon  cleaning  off  various 
thick  coats  of  paint  and  whitewash,  to  be 
of  carved  oak  in  an  excellent  state  of  pre- 
servation. It  has  been  stained  and  var- 
nished, and  has  now  a  pleasing  effect. 

The  three  principal  lines  of  the  heraldic 
bosses  on  the  vaultings  of  the  nave  and 
transepts  have  been  emblazoned  with  the 
arms  of  former  Knights  of  the  Garter,  and 
of  the  most  ancient  and  distinguished 
families  in  the  empire,  and  the  entire  of 
the  bosses,  pendants,  and  knots  of  the 
vaulting  in  the  choir  have  been  similarly 
emblazoned  under  the  superintendence  of 
Mr.  T.  Willement,  F.S.A. 

A  magnificent  brass  lectern,  (upwards 
of  six  feet  high.)  which  had  lain  in  a 
dilapidated  and  neglected  state  in  a  vault 
of  the  chapel  for  upwards  of  a  century, 
has  undergone  a  perfect  restoration,  and 
now  occupies  its  proper  place  in  nearly 
the  centre  of  the  choir.  The  top,  which 
is  in  thTe  form  of  a  double  dwk,  turns 


round  upon  a  pivot ;  and  firom  fhit  lectaia 
the  lessons  will,  in  fiiture,  be  seed  by  1ik» 
minor  canon. 

Ten  windows  (five  on^  dther  side,)  of 
stained  glass,  containing  in  compartnoitti 
the  henddic  bearings  ot  all  the  Knighti' 
of  the  Garter  from  the  institulaiM&  of  tliA 
order,  have  been  oompleted  by  lir. 
Willement  on  the  north  and  soutli  lide^ 
towards  the  eastern  end  of  the  ehoir,  come 
portions  being  over  the  bannera  of  die* 
Garter  Knights.  Four  other  windbwB 
(two  on  either  side  at  the  western  end,)- 
only  remain  to  be  similarly  emblaionea: 
with  the  arms  of  future  knights  of  the 
order. 

The  glass  of  the  great  west  window 
has  been  carefully  restored  by  Mr.  Wille* 
ment,  and  newly  arranged,  with  very  eon- 
siderable  additions.  Within  the  four  ohiaf 
compartments,  at  the  upper  part  of  thflt 
spacious  arch,  are  the  badgesi  initially 
and  crowns  of  the  following  soveEeuna:-;- 
Edward  III.,  Edward  IV.,  Henry  VIIL,, 
and  Queen  Elizabeth.  In  the  centre  of 
the  window  are  the  arms  of  the  patron 
saint  of  England,  with  the  initials  "  S.  6." 
(Sanctus  Georgiuif)  and  at  the  apex  the 
monogram  **  IHS.*'  The  whole  of  the 
numerous  figures  contained  in  the  other 
compartments  represent  saints,,  prophets,, 
and  apostles. 

The  general  appearance  of  the  sacred 
edifice  is  now  magnificent  in  the  extreme. 
The  removal  of  the  present  wretched 
specimens  of  coloured  glass  in  the  east 
window  over  the  altar,  and  the  restoration 
of  its  fine  tracery  and  old  stained  glass, 
somewhat  similar  to  that  at  the  west  aid,. 
are  nearly  all  that  is  now  required  to 
render  perfect  the  labour  which  has  been 
so  liberally  commenced,  and,  thus,  far,  so 
admirably  accomplished. 

New  Churches. 

July  18.  The  Biriiop  of  Winchester 
consecrated  a  new  chnr^  of  St.  John, 
near  Ryde  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Helen's. 

July  20.  The  new  Episcopal  Chapel 
at  Springfield,  near  Chelmsfbrd,  wm  con* 
secrated  by  the  Bishop  of  London.  TbiM. 
chapel,  which  2a  dcdicatod  to  the  Boly 


1943.J 


New  Churches, 


4i% 


Trinity^  fa»r  been  erected  by  Messrs. 
Salmon,  of  Chelmsford,  under  the  plans, 
drawings,  and  professional  assistance  of 
J.  Adey  Repton,  Esq.  F.S.A.,  of  Spring- 
field, gratuitonsly  and  most  zealously  and 
aetiyely  afforded.  The  style  of  the  build- 
ing is  Norman,  as  it  was  fn  the  times  of 
Henry  II.  and  Stephen,,  in  the  first  half 
century  from  1100.  The  architecture  of 
that  period  was  selected  by  Mr.  Repton, 
because  it  admits  of  a  somewhat  lighter 
style  of  ornament  than  appears'  in  the 
earlier  Saxon  and  Norman  architecture. 
The  dimensions^  of  tlie  chapel  are  68  feet 
Sy  35,  and  it  contains-  seats  for  400  per- 
sons. They  are  AH  free  seats  and  open 
benches,  except  some  sittings'  reserved  for 
those  who  contribute  a:  smaU  sum  towards 
the  expense  of  the  chapel.  The  edifice  is 
lighted  by  five  windows  on  each  side,  and 
some  at  each  end.  The  east  window  has 
in  it  a  piece  of  very  ancient  stained  glasff, 
given  by  some  unknown  friend — we  sus- 
pect the  architect  himself.  The  stone 
font  is  of  the  same  character  as  the 
general  architecture  of  the  building.  The 
canopy  under  which  it  rests  is  of  the  rich 
Gothic,  and,  like  the  other  wood-work,  is 
of  about  the  time  of  Edward  IV.  or 
Henry  VIl.  The  canopy  is  the  gift  of  a 
gentleman  of  Springfield,  and  has  been 
executed  with  great  ability  from  Mr.  Rep- 
ton's  design  by  a  carpenter  of  the  village 
— Henry  Drake.  It  is  more  than  nine 
fbet  in  height,  and  on  the  summit  is  a 
finely  carved  group  of  the  pelican  feeding 
her  young.  The  altar  table  is  the  work 
of  a  youth  who  but  a  short  time  ago  was* 
a  pupil  in  the  Springfield  school ;  and  his 
brother  made  the  ornaments  of  the  ceiling. 
The  altar  cloth  was  worked  by  a  lady. 
The  estimated  cost  of  the  building  is 
2,447/.  39.  3d,  and  the  donations  and  sub- 
scriptions amount  to  2,0267.  14^.  Td, 
leaving  a  deficiency  of  420/.  %8,  8</.  which 
we  have  no  doubt  will  be  soon  made  up. 
The  collection  after  the  service  amounted 
to  141/. 

Atig,  9.  Llandevaud  Church  (which  is 
situated  on  the  road  leading  from  Chep- 
stow to  Newport)  was  re-opened  by  the 
Right  Rev.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Llandaff. 
There  has  been  no  divine  service  per- 
formed at  Llandevaud  Church  for  the  last 
fifty  years,  and  it  was  now  entirely  re- 
built .from  the  ground,  through  the  ex- 
ertions of  the  parishioners  and  their 
friends,  aided  by  a  donation  from  the 
Society  for  Building  and  Repairing 
Churches. 

Aug,  15.  The  Bishop  of  Salisbury  con- 
secrated the  new  church  and  churchyard 
at  Enmore  Green,  in  the  Chapelry  of 
Motcombet  in  the  parish  of  Gilllngham, 
Dorsetshire.  The  Salisbury  Diocesan 
Church  Bttildixig  JIuamMoa  voted  fSffOtt 


and  the  Incorporated  Society  150f.  to- 
wards the  work.  It  is  a  Norman  crucf- 
form  structure,  with  a  circular  apse,  and 
a  tower  at  the  intersection  of  the  navd 
and  transepts;  The  seats  are  designed 
for  311  persons,  all  free  and  unappropri- 
ated. 

Auff,  23.  The  Bishop  of  Llstndatf  con- 
secrated the  new  church  at  Llanidan, 
Anglesey.  Lord  Boston  gave  the  site 
and  stone  for  the  building,  and  subscribed 
the  sum  of  250/.  towarcb  the  expense  of 
its  erection. 

Auff,  29.  The  new  church  of  St.  Pet^^ 
at  Swalloweiiffey  Wilts,  was  consecrated 
by  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Salisbury.  The 
old  parish  church,  which  was  erected  in 
the  twelfth  century,  having  become  much 
dilapidated,  Was  taken  down  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1841,  and  the  new  structnre  raised 
upon  a  more  favourable  site.  The  archi- 
tects, Messrs.  Scott  and  Moffatt,  of 
Spring  Gardens,  with  a  good  taste  and 
feeling  whiflh'  deserve  commendation,  have 
contented  themselves  vrith  an  almost  exact 
revival  of  the  ancient  fabric.  The  style 
is  Norman,  and  the  church  consists  of  a 
chancel  of  good  proportions,  a  nave, 
aisles,  and  south  transept,  the  tower  being 
on  the  south  side.  The  altar,  pulpit, 
lectern,  and  font  are  of  stone — the  latter 
a  copy  of  the  very  beautiful  Norman  font 
in  the  parish  church  of  Ancaster.  To- 
wards the  cost  of  erecting  the  building 
large  contributions  were  made  by  the  no- 
ble family  of  Pembroke,  by  some  of  the 
resident  occupiers  of  land,  and  by  others. 

On  the  same  day  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln 
consecrated  a  church  at  Sutton  Bridge, 
which  place  has  never  been  so  crowded 
since  the  opening  of  the  bridge  over  the 
estuary  between  the  counties  of  Lincoln 
and  Norfolk.  The  church  JB  intended  to 
seat  about  700  persons,  and  is  erected  and 
endowed  by  the  governors  of  Guy*B 
Hospital,  London,  who  have  large  estates 
in  the  neighbourhood.  These  have  been 
much  increased  by  land  reclaimed  fh>m 
liie  sea,  and  through  the  enterprising  adti- 
vityofW.  Skelton,  esq.  the  steward  at 
Sutton  Bridge,  the  improvements  there 
made  have  caused  a  great  increase  of  po- 
pulation. The  president  and  governor^ 
gave  the  land  for  the  church  and  church- 
yard, and  erected  and  endowed  the 
church,  which  has  cost  about  7000/. ;  and 
the  interior  fittings,  &c.  are  supplied  by 
public  subscription.  The  plan  is  a  nave 
with  side  aisles,  and  a  tower  steeple  at  the 
west'  end.  The  edifice,  foced  with  flint, 
has  a  very  pretty  appearance.  The  in- 
terior is  strikingly  neat  and  substantial, 
and  thepews  all  open,  but  very  comfort- 
able. This  is  the  first  church  which  hat 
been  built  between  the  fe«  and  the  old 


422 


New  Churches. 


[Oct. 


Sept.  4.  The  Bishop  of  Hereford  con- . 
Becrated  the  new  church  at  Middletown^ 
near  Powis  Castle,  in  the  presence  of 
some  of  the  Earl  of  Powis' s  family. 
It  is  a  substantial  Gothic  edifice,  capable 
of  containing  300.  His  lordship  also 
consecrated  the  new  church  at  Hope^  on 
the  6th,  and  the  new  chapel  at  Hoar- 
withy  ^  Hereford,  on  the  8th  Sept. 

Sept,  12.  The  church  of  St.  Barnabas, 
erected  near  Ashley-place,  St.  Paul's,  in 
the  vicinity  of  Bristol,  on  a  piece  of  land 
presented  to  the  Church  Building  Associ- 
ation by  the  late  Mr.  Brigstocke,  M.P. 
for  East  Somerset,  was  consecrated  by 
the  Lord  Bishop  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol. 
It  is  not  situated  in  the  most  populous 
part  of  the  extensive  parish  of  St.  Paul, 
but  there  is  an  extensive  tract  of  land 
surrounding  the  church,  extending  to  the 
back  of  Stoke's  Croft,  on  which  some 
hundreds  of  houses  are  to  be  erected. 
The  population,  as  stated  in  the  deed  of 
consecration,  is  15,497.  while  Uie  capacity 
of  St.  Paul's  church,  and  the  small  chapel 
(the  only  one  in  the  parish)  used  for  the 
Girls  of  the  Orphan  Asylum,  is  only  ade- 
quate to  the  reception  of  2,250.  Little 
can  he  said  in  praise  of  the  new  Church 
of  St.  BamabaE,  lu  an  architectural  point 
of  view  ;  but  for  this  its  small  cost  suffi- 
ciently accounts.  It  is  cruciform ;  and 
the  transept  being  wide,  in  proportion  to 
the  length  of  the  nave,  gives  the  exterior 
a  clumsy  appearance,  which  however  is 
somewhat  relieved  by  a  handsome  tower 
of  stone,  surmounted  by  a  spire  of  free- 
stone terminating  in  a  croix  fleur^e.  The 
western  door  and  the  window  above  it  are 
the  best  points  in  the  exterior.  The  inte- 
rior is  about  100  feet  long,  by  40  wide  in 
the  nave,  and  70  at  the  transept.  Ex- 
cepting inside  the  communion  rails,  and 
immediately  in  front  of  the  altar,  the 
whole  space  within  is  occupied  with  open 
seats  for  800  persons,  of  which  500  are 
to  be  free  and  unappropriated,  those  only 
in  the  transept  being  private.  The  space 
within  the  communion  rails,  paved  with 
granite,  is  unusually  large  for  the  purpose, 
being  about  33  by  15  feet.  The  Altar 
Screen,  which  is  of  freestone,  in  five  com- 

Sartments,  is  extremely  handsome — in- 
eed  the  most  striking  feature  in  the  in- 
terior. The  Communion  Table,  which 
stands  out  about  two  feet  from  the  wall, 
is  of  the  same  durable  material.  On  the 
north  side  of  the  table  is  a  recess  in  the 
wall,  in  which  the  bread  and  wine  are  to 
be  deposited  previous  to  consecration ; 
and  on  the  south  side  are  stone  sedilia. 
The  Pulpit  is  placed  at  the  altar  angle  of 
the  north  transept,  and  the  Reading-desk 
in  the  corresponding  angle  in  the  south. 
An  oak  Lectern,  at  which  the  officiating 
{Minister  will  read  the  lessons^  stitnds  near 


the  altar  steps.  The  Font  is  also  of  ston^,  - 
and  placed  near  the  west  door,  in  view  of 
the  whole  congregation.  The  architect  ii 
Mr.  S.  T.  Welch,  of  Bristol.  The  cost 
of  the  edifice  only  about  2,200/.  of  which 
the  following  sums  make  a  part: — the 
Bristol  and  Gloucester  Church  Building 
Association  1000/.  ;  the  Incorporated 
Church  Building  Society  400/. ;  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Warneford  500/. ;  the  Lord  Bishop  of 
the  Diocese  100/. ;  the  Yen.  Archdeacon 
Thorp  25/.  A  parsonage- house  is  to  be 
erected  when  sufficient  funds  are  in  band. 
The  inclosed  ground  was  not  consecrated, 
as  it  is  not  to  be  applied  to  the  purpose 
of  sepulture,  but  the  crypt  beneatii  the 
church  is  destined  for  interments,  an  ad- 
herence to  the  hateful  practice  of  the  last . 
age,  which  cannot  be  too  earnestly  depre- 
cated. 

Sept,  20.  The  consecration  was  solem- 
nized of  another  church  at  Bristol,  dedi- 
cated to  St.  Luke,  which  has  been 
erected  to  supply  the  spiritual  wants  of  a 
densely  populated  district  surrounding 
the  Cotton  Works,  in  the  out-parish  of 
St.  Philip  and  Jacob.  The  ground  was 
granted  by  James  Duffett,  Esq. ;  and  the 
proprietors  of  the  Great  Western  Cotton 
Works  handsomely  subscribed  1,000/. 
This  church  (superior  in  external  appear- 
ance to  that  of  St.  Barnabas)  is  about , 
80  feet  in  length  from  the  west  entrance 
to  the  communion  rails,  by  46,  inside ;  its 
extreme  length  is  114  feet.  The  whole 
area  within  is  occupied  by  three  tiers  of 
open  seats  for  8  or  900  persons,  of  which 
750  are  free.  The  interior  is  exceedingly 
plain.  There  is  a  gallery  at  the  west  end ; 
under  which  is  the  Font ;  the  Pulpit  is  on 
the  north  side  of  the  altar,  the  Reading- 
desk  and  Clerk's  pew  at  the  south.  The 
Altar-screen  (of  wood)  is  a  humble  imita- 
tion of  freestone  and  marble.  The  Ves- 
try, 17  feet  by  8,  is  behind  the  altar.  The 
exterior  of  the  church  presents  a  neat 
appearance  ;  the  tower  (100  feet  in 
height)  is  square,  up  to  the  roof  of  the 
church ;  and  above  it  rises  an  octagonal 
truncated  steeple,  surmounted  by  a  croix 
fleur^e :  the  west  door,  the  window  above 
it,  and  the  north  entrance,  are  the  best 
features  of  the  exterior.  The  building  is 
of  stone.  Underneath,  commensurate 
with  the  area  of  the  church,  are  spacious 
well-lighted  apartments,  intended  for 
school-rooms,  to  receive  700  children, 
with  rooms  for  schoolmaster  and  mistress, 
and  a  large  committee-room,  together  with 
convenient  offices,  and  a  plentiful  supply 
of  water.  The  churchyard  was  conse- 
crated for  interments.  The  cost  of  erect- . 
ing  the  church,  including  warm  air-stove, 
iron  railing,  and  gates,  boundary  walls, 
&c.  will  amount  to  about  2,700/.  Th9 
architect  19  Mr.  ^.  T«  Welch, 


423 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


FOREIGN  NEWS- 


SPAIN. 


Discontent  against  the  new  government 
appears  to  be  nearly  general.  In  the  night 
of  Aug.  29,  a  battalion  of  the  Prince's 
regiment  revolted  at  Madrid.  The  men 
demanded  their  discharge,  which  had  been 
promised  to  them.  This  battalion  was 
immediately  disarmed  by  Gen.  Narvaez  ; 
and  by  bis  order,  five  sergeants,  two  cor. 
porals,  and  one  private  were  shot  instantly 
in  the  presence  of  the  garrison.  Madrid 
was  quiet ;  but  no  one  could  guarantee  its 
tranquillity  for  a  single  day.  In  Barce- 
lona the  greatest  excitement  prevailed,  and 
troops  were  marching  against  the  insur- 
gents. At  Seville,  Cadiz,  and  Saragossa, 
affairs  were  in  a  most  disturbed  state. 
The  new  government  is  divided  in  itself, 
and  is  full  of  dissensions.  The  re-action 
in  favour  of  Espartero  and  the  old  Libe- 
rals  rapidly  gains  ground  ;  and  the  flames 
of  civil  discord  are  extending  over  nearly 
the  whole  of  Spain.  England  and  France 
have  recognised  the  new  provisional  go- 
vemment. 

TURKEY. 

The  Christians  of  the  Nestorian 
Mountains  have  been  made  the  victims  of 
an  atrocious  massacre  at  the  hands  of  their 
neighbour,  the  Pasha  of  Mosul,  and  his 
savage  auxiliaries,  the  Kurds.  The  houses 
of  the  wretched  inhabitants  were  fired, 
and  they  themselves  bunted  down  like 
wild  beasts.  The  patriarch  himself  suc- 
ceeded in  effecting  his  escape,  and  took 
refuge  in  the  house  of  the  British  consu- 
lar  agent  at  Mosul.  The  number  of 
victims  who  have  perished  in  this  massacre 
is  not  yet  known  ;  the  population  of  the 
mountains  amounted  to  100,000.     Sur- 


rounded by  Mussulman  hordes,  pent  up 
for  ages  in  their  native  fortresses,  the  very 
existence  of  these  children  of  the  primi- 
tive church  had  remained  almost  a  secret 
to  the  rest  of  Christendom.  No  sooner 
had  their  country  been  explored  by  mis- 
sionaries, and  the  interest  of  learned  and 
scientific  men  been  awakened  with  respect 
to  them,  than  this  terrible  visitation  befel 
them.  It  is  said  to  have  been  the  im. 
prudent  zeal  of  rival  missionaries  that 
first  excited  the  jealous  apprehensions  of 
the  Pasha  of  Mosul,  and  caused  him  to 
**  let  slip  ^he  dogs  of  war"  on  the  unfor- 
tunate Ncstorians. 

ITALY. 

Great  disturbances  have  taken  place  in 
the  Papal  dominions.  The  revolutionists 
have  chosen  the  Roman  States,  Naples, 
and  Piedmont,  for  the  theatre  of  their 
operations,  and  their  ramifications  extend 
throughout  Italy.  Arrests  have  taken 
place  in  the  Lombardo- Venetian  domi- 
nions. A  civil  war  has  also  broken  out  in 
Valais,  in  Switzerland,  and  very  serious 
disturbances  have  taken  place  at  St.  Mau- 
rice and  La  Balma. 

PRUSSIA. 

The  opera-house  at  Berlin,  one  of  the 
principal  ornaments  of  the  city,  fell  a 
prey  to  the  flames  on  Aug.  18,  after  hav- 
ing stood  exactly  lOO  years.  As  there 
was  no  chance  of  saving  the  opera  >house, 
every  effort  was  directed  to  save  the 
palace  of  the  Prince  of  Prussia,  and  the 
the  royal  library  and  its  immense  trea- 
sures, the  loss  of  which  could  never  have 
been  repaired.  A  new  opera-house  was 
previously  in  the  course  of  erection  on 
another  site. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


July  29.  The  Columbia  steamer  went 
on  shore  on  the  Devil's  Limb  (a  solid 
rock),  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  light- 
house, Seal  Island,  in  the  Bay  of  Fundy, 
about  ISO  miles  from  Halifax.  All  the 
passengers,  85  in  number,  were  happily 
saved,  but  the  vessel  was  quite  lost. 

July  26,  The  Queen  and  Prince  Al- 
bert visited  the  Thames  Tunnel,    At  25 


minutes  before  four  they  landed  on  the 
Tunnel  Pier,  on  the  Middlesex  side, 
where  they  were  received  by  B.  Hawes, 
esq.  M.P.  (son  of  the  chairman;,  and 
the  directors.  Her  Majesty  descended 
the  shaft  into  the  Tunnel.  They  pro- 
ceeded  to  the  Surrey  side,  but  did  not 
ascend.  They  then  returned  to  the  Mid- 
dlesex »de,  tfnd  on  ascending  the  s 


424. 


DomcBtic  Occurrences. 


[Oct. 


tbe  people  sang  the  national  anthem,  600 
joining  in  chorus.  A  handsome  gold 
medal  was  presented  to  the  Queen  by 
Mr.  Griffin  tbe  medalist.  On  the  ob- 
verse is  the  portrait  of  Sir  Isambert 
Brunei,  and  on  tbe  reverse  the  Thames 
Tunnel.  Tbe  engineer,  as  well  as  the 
chairman,  B.  Hawes,  esq.  were  unluckily 
absent  from  town. 

July  29.  The  Quera,  bis  Royal 
Highness  Prince  Albert,  and  a  select 
■uite,  arrived  in  New  Palace-yard,  and 
visited  the  new  Houses  of  Parliament. 
The  royal  party  were  joined  by  the  Prince 
and  Princess  of  Saxe  Coburg  Gotha  and 
Prince  Leopold.  The  Clueen*8  attention 
was  directed  by  Mr.  Barry  to  the  river 
frontage,  the  whole  of  which  is  so  rich  in 
architectural  embellishments.  Her  Ma- 
jesty greatly  admired  the  heraldic  sculp- 
ture and  the  bold  and  masterly  manner  m 
which  the  lion  and  unicorn,  and  other 
insignia  of  royalty,  were  thrown  out  from 
the  main  fabric.  From  the  terrace  the 
Queen,  Prince,  and  suite  were  conducted 
to  the  sculpture  and  model  rooms.  A 
model  of  the  new  House  of  Lords  was 
shown  to  her  Majesty,  with  which  she 
was  so  much  pleased  that  the  royal  wish 
was  expressed  that  duplicates  of  the  or. 
namental  parts  might  be  taken  in  plaster, 
and  forwarded  to  the  palace. 

^vg,  1 .  Her  Majesty  and  Prince  Al- 
bert, previous  to  their  departure  for 
Windsor,  presented  Viscount  Melbourne 
with  their  portraits  superbly  painted, 
three-quarter  lengths,  which  were  packed 
up  and  forwarded  to  Brockett  Hall.  The 
Queen  is  drawn  in  white  satin,  and  Prince 
Albert  is  in  his  uniform  of  a  Field  Marshal. 

jiuff,  2.^  Her  Majesty  has  been  pleased 
to  confer  a  roval  charter  of  incorporation 
on  the  School  of  Medicine  and  Surgery 
at  Birmingham,  with  the  privileges,  im- 
munities, rank,  and  title  of^the  *'  Queen's 
College,  Birmingham.' ' 

Auff.  20.  The  Prince  de  Joinville  and 
the  Duke  d'  Aumale  arrived  at  Woolwich 
this  day  in  the  Napoleon,  French  man. 
of-war  steamer.  They  landed  at  the 
dock-yard,  and  were  received  by  Vise. 
Hawarden,  Lord  in  Waiting  to  the 
Queen,  and  Capt.  F.  Seymour,  Groom 
in  Waiting  to  Prince  Albert,  and  also  by 
Count  Phillippe  de  Chabot,  French 
Charge  d' Affaires.  Their  object  was  to 
pay  a  visit  to  Her  Majesty  at  Windsor, 
where  they  afterwards  proceeded  by  the 
Great  Western  Railway.  On  Thursday 
they  proceeded  to  Woolwich  in  a  small 
steamer,  and  after  inspecting  the  dock- 
yard and  arsenal,  embarked  in  the  French 
steamer  for  Havre. 

Aug,  27.     A  splendid  entertainment 
was  given  by  her  Majesty  at  Virginia 
Water,  in  honour  of  the  birth-day  of 
II 


Prince  Albert,  who  has  attained  his  24>th 
year. 

Aug,  28.  Early  this  morning  (Monday), 
the  Queen  and  Prince  Albert  took  their 
departure  from  Windsor  for  the  Fam. 
borough  station  of  the  South- Western 
Railway,  to  be  conveyed  by  a  special  train 
to  Southampton,  where  they  were  re- 
ceived by  Major- Gen.  Sir  H.  Pakenham 
and  his  staff,  and  tbe  Mayor  and  Corpo- 
ration. On  arriving  at  the  end  of  the 
pier,  her  Majesty  was  met  bv  the  Duke 
of  Wellington,  and  other  noole  and  oft- 
cial  personages  who  accompanied  him. 
At  this  time  it  rained  heavily,  and  as 
there  was  not  a  sufficient  covering  for  the 
stage  intended  to  run  on  to  the  Jttcht 
from  the  shore,  the  members  of  the  cor- 
poration (like  90  many  Raleighs)  stripped 
off  their  red  gowns  in  a  moment,  and  the 
pathway  was  covered  for  her  Majesty's 
use,  so  that  Queen  Victoria,  like  Queen 
Elizabeth,  walked  dry -footed  to  her 
yacht.  Her  Majesty  and  the  Prince  then 
went  on  board  the  yacht,  which  proceeded 
down  the  Southampton  Water,  followed 
by  numerous  other  steamers.  After  pass- 
ing by  Cowes  and  Spithead,  her  jVIajestr 
landed  at  Ryde,  where  she  visited  Lord 
Harcourt,  and  afterwards  returned  on 
board  the  yacht  to  Cowes  roads,  where 
she  slept. 

Aug,  29.  The  Queen  and  Prince  visited 
Norris  Cattle,  and  also  Appuldercombef 
the  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Yarborough.  On 
the  following  day  the  yacht  passed  by 
Devonport  and  Dartmouth. 

Aug.  3L  The  Queen  and  Prinee 
visited  Mount  Edgecumhe,  and  the  lat- 
ter inspected  the  Dock-yard  and  Victu- 
allinff-office,  where  be  was  received  by 
the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty,  &c.  Her 
Majesty  then  held  a  levee  in  the  yacht, 
when  numerous  addresses  were  presented. 
She  then  landed  and  proceeded  through 
Devonport  and  Stonehouse  to  Plymouth^ 
and  afterwards  viewed  the  Breakwater. 

Sept.  1.  The  Queen  went  to  Fal- 
mouth,  and  returned  up  channel,  passing 
the  Eddystone  in  the  evening.  After 
which  the  yacht  and  the  squadron  pro- 
ceeded to  Triport,  where  they  arrived  at 
6  o'clock. 

Sept.  2.  The  next  morning,  the 
King  of  the  French,  his  sons,  and 
several  ministers,  descended  into  a  barge, 
amid  the  roaring  of  artillery.  Queen 
Amelia,  Madame  Adelaide,  the  Duch- 
esses of  Orleans  and  Cobourg,  and  the 
Princess  de  Joinville,  proceeded  to  the 
pier.  The  King's  barge  soon  arrived  at 
the  yacht,  and  his  Majesty  went  on  board. 
The  royal  visitors  then  descended  into 
the  barge,  and  soon  entered  the  harbour, 
when  the  Queen  of  Enghuid  made  bar 
appearance  on  the  quay  leaning  on  the  arm 


1843.] 


Domestic  Occurrences. 


425 


of  the  King  of  the  French.  The  air  re- 
sounded  with  the  cries  of  **  Vive  le 
Roi ! »'  and  "  Vive  la  Reine !  **  and  the 
bund  of  Carabiniers  struck  up  the  air  of 
*•  God  save  the  Queen !" 

The  King  then  presented  her  M^esty 
to  his  Queen»  who  conducted  her  to  a 
pavilion y  on  which  waved  the  flags  of 
England  and  France.  The  King  follow- 
ed  with  Prince  Albert  and  the  Princes  and 
Princesses  of  the  Royal  Family.  After 
resting  awhile,  her  Majesty  received  the 
felicitations  of  the  authorities.  The 
King  then  taking  Queen  Victoria  by  the 
hand  retired  with  her  to  the  extremity  of 
the  pavilion,  and  the  whole  court  defiled 
before  them,  bowing  respectfully  as  they 
passed.  The  band  again  played  "God 
save  the  Queen  !'*  The  royal  party  then 
mounted  into  their  carriages,  and  drove 
off  to  the  chateau  of  Eu,  where  they  ar. 
rived  at  seven  o*clock,  and  at  eight 
o'clock  a  grand  banquet  was  served  in 
the  grand  hall  of  the  chateau. 

Sept,  3.  Being  Sunday,  the  Queen  of 
England  heard  prayera  read  in  a  private 
apartment. 

Sept,  4>.  A  grand  fete  champ^tre  was 
given  by  the  King  on  Mont  d'Orieans,  in 
the  middle  of  the  forest  of  Eu.  There 
was  a  large  tent,  in  which  covers  were 
laid  for  aeventy-two  guests,  with  others 
ill  the  distance.  When  the  collation  was 
over,  the  King  and  Queen  Victoria  walked 
round  the  platform  in  the  front  of  the 
tent,  much  to  the  delight  of  the  people. 
After  dinner,  the  opera  of  **  Joconde  ** 
was  performed. 

Sept,  5,  in  honour  of  Prince  Albert, 
a  cavalry  review  took  place  in  the  monu 
ing ;  and,  in  the  afternoon,  the  whole  of 
the  royal  party  visited  the  ancient  church 
of  ^u.  The  royal  party  then  returned  to 
the  chateau ;  and  after  dinner  a  concert 
was  given. 

Sept,  7.  The  Queen  left  Eu  this 
morning  for  her  yacht,  attended  by  the 
French  royal  family,  of  whom  she  took 
leave  at  Tr^port.  Between  three  and  four 
o'clock,  the  yacht  arrived  at  the  pier  at 
Brighton ;  from  whence  the  Queen,  &c. 
took  their  departure  for  the  palace,  where 
bhe  remained  till  the  following  Tuesday, 

Sept,  12,  when,  at  8  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  the  Queen  and  the  Prince  era. 
barked  in  the  yacht  for  the  Downs,  at* 
tended  by  the  royal  squadron.  Here  the 
Queen  was  visited  by  the  Duke  of  Wel- 
lington. 

Sept,  13.  The  Queen  and  the  Prince 
arrived  early  at  Ottend,  on  a  visit  to  the 
King  of  the  Belgians.  A  grand  banqatt 
WHS  held  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  Hotel  de 
Ville,  the  Queen  entering  the  ante-cbam- 

Gknt.  Mag.  Vol.  XK, 


ber,  leaning  on  the  arm  of  the  King.  He 
was  followed  by  the  Queen  of  the  Bel- 
gians, Prince  Albert.  Lords  Aberdeen 
and  Liverpool,  Lady  Canning,  &c.  The 
royal  party  retired  about  nine  o'clock  to 
the  palace. 

Sept,  H.  The  King  inspected  the 
royal  yacht,  accompanied  by  Prince  Al- 
bert ;  and  in  the  evening  the  royal  party 
attended  the  theatre. 

Sept.  15.  The  Queen  proceeded  to 
Bt-ugea,  and  was  received  in  great  state  at 
the  Maison  de  Ville,  where  the  royal 
party  hud  refreshment.  She  then  repaired 
to  the  Palais  de  Justice,  the  Chapelle  du 
Saint  Sang,  the  Church  of  Notre  Dame, 
the  Cathedral,  &c.  In  the  evening  her 
Majesty  returned  to  Ostend  by  the  rail- 
way. 

Sept,  16.  Her  Majesty  repaired  to 
Ghent,  where  she  was  received  by  the 
governor,  burgomaster,  bishop,  &c.  On 
a  triumphalarch  were  inscriptions  pointing 
out  the  fact  of  the  city  having  been  visited 
by  Philippa  of  Uainault,  Queen  of  Eng- 
land in  1343,  and  after  the  lapse  of  ex- 
actly five  centuries  by  another  Queen  of 
jplngland.  She  visited  the  cathedral, 
through  which  she  was  conducted  by 
the  bishop  and  a  train  of  ecclesiastic-s. 
Here  she  saw  the  splendid  chiselled 
bronze  candelabra  placed  in  the  choir 
on  each  side  of  the  grand  altar,  which 
formerly  belonged  to  our  Charles  1,  and 
which  were  sold  by  Cromwell  to  the 
Dutch.  She  then  proceeded  to  the  Be- 
guinage,  where  she  was  welcomed  by  the 
Tady  superior  and  sisterhood  of  the  nun* 
nery.  After  a  collation  at  the  Govern- 
nent  House,  the  Queen  attended  a  con- 
cert at  the  theatre,  and  then  returned  to 
Ostend. 

Sept,  17.  Being  Sunday,  neither  the 
Queen  or  the  Prince  left  the  palace, 
where  service  was  performed  by  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Jeaaop,  British  ChapUiin  at  Ostend. 

Sept,  18.  The  royal  party  proceeded 
to  Bru8»els,  and  liaving  been  entertained 
there  during  the  day,  repaired  at  night  to 
the  palace  of  Lacken. 

Sept,  19.  They  went  by  railroad  to 
Antwerp,  where  they  visited  the  cathe- 
dral, and  were  present  at  a  concert  before 
the  new  statuo  of  Rubens  on  the  Place 
Verte. 

Sept,  ^.  After  inspecting  the  Mu- 
•eum  of  pictures,  thev  embarked  soon 
after  1»,  accompanied  by  the  King  and 
Queen  of  the  Belgians  for  some  dit- 
tance  down  the  Scheldt,  The  yacht  lay 
to  during  the  night  in  Margate  Roads ; 
and  her  Majesty  landed  at  Woolwich  on 
the  morning  of  Thursday,  Sept.  21. 

3  1 


426 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Gazette  Promotions. 

Aug.  16.  John  Rice  Crowe,  esq.  to  be  Consul- 
General  in  Nonvay ;  William  Miller,  esq.  to 
be  Consul-General  in  the  Sandwich  Islands, 
the  Friendly  Islands,  the  Society  Islands,  and 
other  islands  in  the  Pacific  Ocean ;  Wil- 
liam Mure,  esq.  to  be  Consul  at  New  Orleans ; 
James  Baker,  esq.  (late  Consul  at  Risra,)  to  be 
Consul  at  Corunna ;  and  Georg^e  Bunbury 
Clinton  Wynyard,  esq.  to  be  Consul  at  Rij^. 

Aug.  23.  Royal  Artillery,  Captain  and  brevet 
Lieut.-Col.  W.  Brereton  to  be  Lieut.-Colonel ; 
Capt.  and  brevet  Major  P.  V.  England  to  be 
Lieut.-Colonel. 

Aug.  25.  3d  Foot,  Major  J.  O.  Clunie  to  be 
Lieut.-Colonel ;  Captain  M.  Ban*  to  be  Miyor. 
— 13d  Foot,  brevet  Major  W.  Egrerton  to  be 
Major.— 86th  Foot,  Lieut.-Geu.  J.  Maisterfrom 
2d  West  India  Reffiment,  to  be  Colonel.— 2d 
West  India  Regiment,  Lieut.-Gen.  E.  Lindsay 
to  be  Colonel. — Unattached,  brevet  Lieut.-CoI. 
J.  B.  B.  Estcourt,  from 43d  Foot,  to  be  Lieut.- 
Colonel.— Brevet,  Capt.  T.  H.  Grubbe,  16th 
Foot,  to  be  Major  in  tiie  army. 

Aug  28.  Charles  Le  Blanc,  es(i.  to  be  Magris- 
trate  of  Her  Majestjr's  Settlements  in  "the 
Falkland  Islands ;  William  Brade  Lockhart, 
esq.  to  be  Provost >Marshnl  of  Dominica. 

Aug.  31.  William  Townshend,  of  Fordham 
Abbey,  Cambritlg:e,  esq.  to  discontinue  the  sur- 
name of  Townshend,  and,  in  compliance  with 
the  last  will  of  William  Dunn  Gardner,  late 
of  Fordham,  esq.  deceased,  to  take  the  sur- 
names of  Dunn  Gardner,  and  use  the  arms  of 
Dunn  and  Gardner  quarterly,  with  such  dis- 
tinction as  may  by  the  laws  of  arms  be  re- 
quired. 

Sept.  5.  The  22d  Foot  to  bear  upon  its  regi- 
mental or  second  colour,  and  also  upon  its  ap- 
pointments, the  word  "  Scinde,"  in  commemo- 
ration of  the  campaign  against  the  Ameers  of 
Scinde  in  the  early  part  of  the  present  year. — 
Royal  Artillery,  Captain  and  brevet  Major  I. 
Whitty  to  be  Lieut.-Colonel.— 42d  Foot.  Major 
D.  A.  Cameron  to  be  Lieut.-Colonel ;  Captain 
C.  Dunsmure  to  be  Major— Staff,  Major  P. 
Farquharson,  of  65th  Foot,  to  be  Deputy  Adju- 
tant-general in  Jamaica  (with  the  rank  of 
Lieut.-Colonel  in  the  army);  Lieut.-Colonel 
T.  S.  Pratt,  26th  Foot,  to  be  Deputy  Adjutant- 
general  at  Madras. — Unattached, brevetLieut.- 
Col.  W.  Tumor,  from  half-pay  Major  un- 
attaclied,  to  be  Lieut.-C^l.— To  be  Majors, 
brevet  Col.  J.  Grant,  from  half-pay  Capt.  23d 
Foot ;  brevet  Major  O.  Pilling,  rrom  half-pay 
Capt.  Portuguese  Service.— Hospital  Staff, 
Deputy  Inspector-gen.  J.  F.  CJlarke,  M.D.  to 
be  Inspector-general  of  Hospitals ;  Deputy 
Inspector-isren.  J.  Robertson,  M.D.  to  be  De- 
puty Inspector-general  of  Hospitals. 

Sept.  11.  Royal  Artillery,  Capt.  and  brevet 
Major  H.  L.  Sweeting  to  be  Lieut.-Ck)l. 

^ept.  12.  56th  Foot,  Captain  E.  W.  W.  Passy 
to  be  Major.— 65th  Foot,  brevet  Major  G. 
Smyth  to  be  Major.— Brevet,  Major  E.  Sand- 
ers, Bengal  Eng.  to  be  Lieut.-Col.  in  the  army 
in  the  East  Indies ;  Captain  J.  Griffin,  24th 
Bengal  N.  Inf.  to  be  Major  in  the  army  in  the 
East  Indies. 

Sept.  20.  Field  Marshal  his  Royal  Highness 
Prince  Albert,  K.G.  to  be  Captain  General  and 
Colonel  of  the  Artillery  Company. 

Natal  Promotions. 
To  be  Cop^atnfoJam^s  Vashon  Baker,  Cbarlei 
Keele. 


To  be  Comtnanders—Thom&s  Dilnot  Stewart 
(late commanding  the  Heroine);  H.  J.  Mat- 
son  (for  service  on  the  coast  of  Africa) ; 
George  Kenyon  ;  Arthur Vyner ;  R.  C.  Mitch- 
ell ;  George  Augustus  Bedford  (formerly 
surveying  on  the  coast  of  Africa) ;  Balchin 
Folkes  West  (of  the  Magicienne) ;  and  Wil- 
liam Salmon  Cooper  (of  the  Inconstant). 

In  consequence  of  the  recent  war  in  China : — 

Lieutenants  to  be  Commanders — H.  J.  Lacon ; 
J.  C.  Bynon  ;  V.  A.  Massingberd ;  J.  C.  M. 
Touzeau ;  T.  Woodgate. 

Mates  to  be  Lieutenants— S.  S.  Shore ;  J.  Reid  ; 
W.  F.  W.  Parkinson ;  W.  P.  Johnson. 


Member  returned  to  serve  in  Parliament, 

ArQ^leshire—DnncKii  McNeill,  esq.  Her  Ma- 
jesty's Advocate  for  Scotland. 


ECCLESTASTICAL    PREFERMENTS. 

Rev.  T.  E.  Abraham,  Bickerstaffe  P.C.  Lane. 
Rev.  R.  Aitkin,  St.  James's  P.C.  Leeds. 
Rev.  T.  A.  Anson,  Biilingford  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  J.  P.  Be^in,  St.  Mary's  P.  C.  Alderman- 

bury,  London. 
Rev.  C.  Bowen,  St.  Mary's  P.C.  Kent-road, 

Southwark. 
Rev.  W.  M.  K.  Bradford,  Weeke  R.  Hants. 
Rev.  T.  Chapman,  Radford  Semele  V.  Warw. 
Rev.  W.  B.  Cosens,  Berry  Pomeroy  V.  Devon. 
Rev.  J.  M.  Cripps,  Great  Yeldham  R.  Essex. 
Rev.  H.  Drury,  Alderley  R.  Glouc. 
Rev.  E.  C.  Evans,  Hope-under-Dinmore  P.  C. 

Herefordshire. 
Rev.  J.  L.  Figgins,  St.  Clement's  P.  C.  Man- 

Chester 
Rev.  H.  Freeland,  Hasketon  R.  Suffolk. 
Rev.  H.  James.  WMllingdon  R.  Sussex. 
Rev.  C.  £.  Kennaway,  Trinity  Chapel  P.C. 

Brighton. 
Rev.  E.  R.  Larken,  Burton  R.  by  Lincoln. 
Rev.  W.  Lindley,  Thirsk  and  Sandhatton  P.C. 

York. 
Rev.  H.  P.  Marsham,  Brampton  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  J.  W.  Mason,  Furtho  R.  Northamptonsh. 
Rev.  Mr.  Mayhew,  Laneham  V.  Notts. 
Rev.  S.  F.  Montgomery,  Upper  Gornal  new 

church,  Staffordshire. 
Rev.  D.  Morgan,  Ham  R.  Wilts. 
Rev.  J.  Cox,  Palgrave  R.  Suffolk. 
Rev.  G.  Pocock,  St.  Paul's  P.C.  Marylebone. 
Rev.  S.  I)u  Pree,  Hghley  V.  Salop. 
Rev.  J.  U.  Robson,  Winston  V.  Suffolk. 
Rev.  H.  M.  Sherwood,  Broughton  Hacket  R. 

Worcestershire. 
Rev.  J.  L.  Sisson,  Swafield  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  T.    M.    Symonds,  Adwick-le-Street   V. 

Yorkshire. 
Rev.  W.  Temple,  Seasalter  V.  Kent 
Rev.  E.  J.  Todd,  Sherborne  with  Windrush  V. 

Gloucestershire. 
Rev.  J.  Topham,  St.  Nicholas  R.  Droitwich. 
Rev.  J.  Umpleby.  Bolton  Abbey  P.C.  Yorksh. 
Rev.  S.  W.  Waud,  Rettenden  v.  Essex. 
Rev.  T.  Whitworth,  Thorpe  St.  Peter  V.  Line. 
Rev.  M.  Wil^n,  Loddington  V.  Leicestersh. 

Chaplains. 
Rev.  C.  H.  Borrer.  to  Earl  Manvers. 
Rev.  J.  Clarke,  to  Lord  Howden. 
Rev.  C.  Greenside,  B.A.  to  the  Britifb  Resi- 
dents in  Archangel. 
Rev.  C.  Kiugsley  to  Yisconnt  Sidney. 


1843J 


Preftrwundt.—  Bhiis. 


Rev.  J.  Milner,  M^.,  to  dt.  Anae^  Ho^iial, 

Appleby. 
Rev.  G.  A.  Rogers,  to  Tiscamit  LiA>nL 
Rev.  M.  P.  Sparrow,  to  the  Earl  of  ilandnzUm. 
Rev.  C.  F.  Wordsworth,  to  the  lUrchwaen  cf 

Bath. 


CiTIL  PREFE&MBirrS. 

R.  Keating,  eso.  to  be  Judge  of  the  Prenea- 
tive  Court  in  Irelaod. 

Jobn  Howley,  esq.  Assistant  Banister  for 
Tipperary,  to  be  Third  Seijcaot. 

B.  Lawrence,  esq.  elected  Alderman  of  Bread- 
street  Ward,  London. 

J.  B.  Bunnine,  esq.  elected  Sarreyor  of  the 
City  of  London. 

Rev.  G.  Elliot,  to  be  Head  Master  of  the  Soli- 
hull Grammar  School,  Warwickshire. 

Rev.  T.  R.  Medwio,  M.A.  to  be  Master  of  the 
Grammar  School,  Stratford-npon-Avon. 

Rev.  W.  D.  Veitcb,  M.A.  to  be  Head  Master  oi 
the  Missionary  College  at  Jerusalem. 

Rev.  J.  Welldon,  to  be  Master  of  Tonbridge 
School. 


BIRTHS. 

May  31.  On  Mount  Zion,  J«i;salem,  the 
wife  of  the  Ris[ht  Rev.  Michael  Solomon  Alex- 
ander, Lord  Bishop  of  the  Church  of  England 
at  the  Holy  City,  a  dau. 

Aug.  1.    The  wife  of  W.  A.  Pocbin.  esq.  o( 

Barby,  Leicestersh.  a  son. 9.  At  Bucklaod 

Toutsaints,  the  wife  of  W.  J.  Qerk,  esq.  Hif  h 

Sheriff  of  Devon,  a  son. 10.  At  Withii^on 

Rectory,  the  lady  of  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Gus- 

tavus  Talbot,   a  dau- II.  In   Chester  sq. 

the  wife  of  Henrv  Ley,  esq.  a  dau. 12.  At 

Tenby,  the  wife  of  Randie  Wilbraham  Falconer, 

esq.  M-D.  a  son. 13.   At  Lyndhurst,  the 

wife  of  Robert  Eyre,  esq.  a  son. At  Poundis- 

ford  Lodge,  Somerset,  the  wife  of  Charles  J. 

Helyar,  esq.  a  son. The  Hon.  Mrs.  Edward 

Pleydell  Bouverie,  a  dau. 15.  At  Chel- 
tenham, the  wife  of  Edward  Frampton,  esq.  a 
son. 17.  At  Ickworth,  near  Bury  St.  Ed- 
mund's, Lady  Katharine  Jermyn,  a  dau. 

19.  In  Upper  Seymour-st.  Mrs.  Augustus  Fitz- 

Rov,  a  son. At  Theberton  Hall,  Suffolk,  the 

wife  of  the  Rev.  C.  Montague  Doughty,  a  son. 

23.  At  Putney-hill,  Lady  Francis  Sandon. 

a  son. 25.  At  Sidmouth,  the  lady  of  the 

Hon.  W.  Wellesley,  a  dau. 27.  At  Wood- 
side,  near  Lymington,  the  wife  of  Wm.  Wo- 

wen  Rooke,  esq.  a  dau. At  VTinkton  House, 

Ringwood,  the  wife  of  Edward  Weld,  esq.  a 
dau. 

LcUely.  At  Hanover,  the  wife  of  the  Hon. 

George  Edgecumbe,  a  sou. At  Tunbridge 

Wells,  Lady  Sarah  Taylor,  a  son. At  Blaig- 

(lon,  Lady  Ridley,  a  son. In  Lowndes-sq. 

I^ady  Margaret  Littleton,  a  son. At  Cintra, 

in   Portugal,   Lady   Howard  de   Walden,   a 

son. At  Liverpool,   the    Hon.  Mrs.  H. 

W.  Macaulay,  a  son. The  wife   of   Sir 

John  Rae  Reid,  Bart.  M.P.  a  dau. In 

Park-street,  Grosvenor-sqnare  the  Hon.  Mrs. 

Charles  Howard,  a  son. The  wife  of  W. 

S.  Dugdale,  esq.  M.P.  a  son. At  Heidel- 
berg, the  lady  of  Sir  K.  A.  Jackson,  a  dau. 
In  Arlington  street,  Lady  Caroline  Dun- 
combe,  a  dau. At  Clare  Pnory,  Suffolk,  the 

wife  of  Lieut.-Col.  Baker,  a  dau. In  British 

Guiana,  the  wife  of  H.  C.  Southey,  esq.  a  son. 

At   Gadebridge,   Herts,  the  hidy  of  Sir 

Astley  Cooper,  Bart,  a  dau. In  Serle-st. 

iSIrs.  Spencer  Walpole,  a  son. At  West- 
brook,  Lady  Georgiana  Ryder,  a  dau. ^At 

Kenton,  Devon,  Lady  Mary  Haworth,  a  dau. 
At  Grosvenor-cresc.  the  Countess  of  Cla- 
rendon, a  dau. 

Sept.  1.  At  Tregeare,  Cornwall,  the  wife  of 
John  Kiny  Lethbridge,  esq.  a  son—i.  At 


of  W^ekvnt 

a  soa.— At 

or  Jaaes  MimA^ 

Middlesex,  LadT 

—Ml  At  CbkiCm  Bectorr, 

«r  tike  Xrr.  G  More  Kofr- 

a  ««. IX  At  Keaaiagtaa,  the  ligit 

Hob.  LadT  Bta^,  a  daa. Ml  At  tke  rect- 

ory,  Sloke  Hamomd,  Bw±%  tke  Lady  Jvfia 
Bovwss,  a  worn, At  WiBatactoa    Bafl* 


Cheskire,  tke  wife  oT  tke  R«fct  Hm.  R.  J. 

Scan  ey.  a  mm^ 17.  At  Woodeoce,  Ladj 

Loaisa  CaCes,a  torn  aad  heir. M  Donmmor, 

Lady  Louisa  f  oneacae,  a  dau. 


MARRIAGES. 

Mmf  11.  At  tke  Cape  of  Good  Bofie,  CapL 
Gvmthers,  Town  M^or,  aad  of  Kaockbcr, 
Queen'*  Co.  Irdaad,  to  Matilda  Shatcr.  Howtt 
daa.  of  the  late  Thonas  BooweU,  esq.  of  Uaot- 


18.  At  DofDinica,  EfwanLiOD  of  the  lato 
Jaoaes  Potter  Lockhart,  esq.  fbrmerfy  Pireai. 
dent  of  the  bland,  to  Lonna,  third  daa.  of 
the  late  Adm.  Comberiaod,  and  gruid-daa.  of 
the  late  Richard  Co«berland,  esq. 

Jiau  27.  At  UMkoejj  Mfrtd  Caamdh  esq. 
Barrister-at-Law,  to  Mary-Elizabeth,  third 
dau.  of  the  late  James  Fowai,  esq.  of  ClaptOB 
House. 

28.  At  Leamington,  Thomaa  Toong  Prior, 
esq.  Barrister-at-Law,  youngest  sou  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Prior,  D.D.,  Vice-Provost  of 
Trinity  Coll.  Dublin,  to  Jane-Matilda,  oohr 
survi\ing  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Robert  Rossei* 
D.D.,  of  Asbbrook,  Fennanagfa. 

Juiy  13.  At  31alta,  Mafor  Chas.  P.  Ainslie, 
of  the  14th  Light  Dragoons,  to  Lady  Sarah 
CampbelL 

20.  At  Wandsworth,  the  Rev.  Fredenck 
Wadeson  Shaw,  A.M.  Minister  of  St.  Ann's 
Chapel,  Wandsworth,  to  Fanny-Sophia,  only 
surviving  dau.  of  the  Kev.  Daniel  Charles  Debt- 

fosse,  A.M.,  Vicar  of  Wandsworth, At  St. 

Mary.  Bathwick,  Harry  Wright,  esq.  of  Lans- 
downe-pl.  Cheltenhan,  to  Jane,  yooogest  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Haines,  esq.  of  Hampstead, 

and  of  Sidney  Place,  Bath. At  Bamiinr,  tbo 

Rev.  J.  B.  Phillips,  M.  A.,  of  AU  Sonl^ Oxoo, 
only  son  of  J.  B.  Phillips,  esq.  of  WitaUm 
House,  Monmoothsh.,  to  Manr-Anne,  eldest 
dan.  of  Richard  Shaw,  esq.  Solicitor,  of  Ful- 
ledge,  Burnley. 

22.  At  Twickenham,  John  Francia  Smithy 
esq.  of  Whitboome  Court,  Herefordshire,  to 
Fanny,  eldest  dau.  of  the  UUe  George  A.  Nixon, 

esq.  of  Brownsbam,  Kilkennv,  Ireland. At 

Salcombe,  near  Sidmouth.  John  Dacie  Jeffery, 
esq.  surgeon,  to  Elizabeth-Bridget,  eldest  dan. 
of  Sir  Thomas  B.  Beevor,  Bart,  of  Hargham 
Hall,  Norfolk,  and  of  Salcombe  House,  Sid- 
mouth.  At  Stonehouse,  Capt.  Pasco,  R.N.. 

to  Eliza,  relict  of  Capt.  Weaver.  R.  M.  and 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Wm.  Tanner, 
Rector  of  Meshaw. 

25.  At  Westbury-upon-Trym,  Francis,  se- 
cond son  of  Thomas  Lyddon  Edwards,  esq.  of 
Clifton,  to  Emily-Thorne,  second  dau.  of  Fre- 
derick Ricketts.  esq.  of  Northcote,  co.  Glonc. 

At  Christ  Church,  Marylebone,  the  Rev. 

Alfred  Pyne,  Vicar  of  Raydon,  Esse.x,  to  Colin- 
Fanny,  eldest  dau.  of  Mrs.  M'Intosh,  of  Upper 

Berkeley-st.,   Portman-sq. At   Ramsgate, 

Capt.  Stephen  Brailley,  K.N.,  to  Elizabeth, 
third  dau.  of  Richard  Tomson,  esq.  of  the 

Elms,  Ramsgate. At  Stonehouse.  Wm.  R. 

Maxwell,  esq.  eldest  son  of  Ma^or  Maxwell,  of 
Shrub  Hill  House,  Edinburgh,  to  Caroline, 
second  dau.  of  Capt.  Henry  J.  Delu^mbe, 

R.M.  of  Emma  Place,  Stonehouse. At  CUf- 

ton,  Ralph-Montainie  Bernard,  esq.  youngest 
son  of  m  Ute  Dr.  Bffrowrd,  of  Clifton,  tq 


428 


Marriages. 


[Oct. 


Mary,  second  dati.  of  Francis  James  Nafr^e, 

esq.  of  London. At  St.  John's,  Albion-pl., 

Hyde  Park-terr.  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  (Hiarles 
Barnard,  second  son  of  the  Earl  of  Bandon, 
to  Jane  Grace  Evans,  eldest  dau.  of  Percy 
Evans  Freke,  esq.  of  Castle  Freke. 

S6.  At  Stoke  Gabriel,  William  Wilson,  esq. 
second  son  of  Christopher  Wilson,  esq.  of 
Riipnaden  Tark,  Westmoreland,  and  late  of 
the  Madras  Civil  Ser\'ice,  to  Maria-Letitia, 
second  dau.  of  R.  P.  Hulme,e8q.  of  Maisonette^ 

j)evon. At  Farnham,  the  Rev.  Edvrard  J. 

Speck,  M.A.,  second  son  of  William  Speck. 
e»q.  Comm.  R.N.  to  Anna-Catherine,  eldest 
dau.  of   Edmund    Lally,   esq.   of  Farnham, 

Yorkshire. At  Eltham,  William   Currey, 

esq.  of  Old  Palace-yard,  to  Frances-Mary, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  George  Pocock,  esq.  of 
Cumberland-terr.  Reprcnt's-park. 

27.  At  St.  George's,  the  Rev.  John  Brooke, 
to  Georgiana-Frances,  dau.  of  the  late  John 
Cotes  and  Lady  Maria  Cotes,  of  Wodecote, 

Shropsh. At   St.   George's,   Bloomsbury, 

Frederick  Browne,  esq.  of  Gloucester-cres., 
Regent's-park,  eldest  son  of  Philip  Browne, 
esq.  of  Wobum-pl.,  Russe1I-sq.,  to  Julia, 
youngest   dau.   of  Matthias  Rowe,    esq.   of 

Wobum-pl. At  Woking,  Surrey,  John  King 

Eager,  esq.  of  Ripley,  to  Alicia-Catherine, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Humphrey 
James  Sydenham,  of  Woking,  and  grand-dan. 

of  the  late  Major  Abington,  of  Cobham. At 

Isle  of  Portland,  Thomas  Coombs,  tun.  esq.  of 
Dorchester,  to  Maria- Branston,  eldest  dau.  of 
Thomas  Heath,  esq.  of  Pennsylvania  Castle, 

Portland. At  Dover,    Frederick  Thornton 

Raikes,  esq.  Lieut.  62d  Regt.,  to  Eliza-Euphe- 
mia,  second  dau   ot  John  Hamilton,  esq.  of 

of  Dover. At  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster, 

Sir  William  Amcotts  Ingilby,  Bart,  of  Ripley 
Castle,  Yorkshire,  and  Kettlethorpe  Park, 
Lincolnshire,  to  Mary-Anne,  only  dau.  of  John 
Clementscn.  esq.  of  Abingdon-st.  and  grand- 
dau.  of  Sir  Thomas  Turton,  Bart,  of  Felcuurt, 

Surrey. At  St.  Pancras,  Henry  Of\e  Holmes. 

esq.  of  Brasenose  Coll.  Oxford,  to  Eliza,  second 
dau.  of  Henry  Wakefield,  esq  of  Lansdowne-pl. 

29.  At  Lymington,  W.  Talbot  Agar,  esq. 
only  son  of  the  late  W.  Agar,  esq.  Q.C.  to 
Leonora-Matilda,  only  dau.   of  the  late  W. 

Reed,  esq.  of  the  Island  of  St.  Vincent. At 

Brighton,  the  Right  Hon.  Lord  Erskine,  to 
Anne- Bond,  dau.  of  the  late  John  Travis,  esq. 
of  Lancashire,  and  first  cousin  of  the  late  Laify 

Erskine. At   St.    Pancras,    New   Church) 

Charles  Ellis,  esq.  of  Mumstend-common,  to 
Sophia,  eldest  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  John 
['atch,  esq.  surgeon  ot  the  Hon.  Fast  India 

Co.s'  Serv.  Bengal  Army. At  St.  Mary's, 

Bryanston-sq.,  Seymour  Allen,  esq.  late  of  the 
1st  Life  Guards,  to  Catherine,  eldcMdau.  of 
the  Hon.  Newton  and  Lady  Catherine  Fellows. 

31.  At  Alford,  near  Castle  Cary,  the  Rev. 
Augustus  Otway  Fitzgerald,  M.A.  Rector  of 
Fledborough,  Notts,  son  of  Vice-Adm.  Sir 
Robert  Fitzgerald,  K.C.H.,  to  Theresa,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  J.  Gale  Thring,  of  Alford- 
ho»se,  Somerset. 

Lately.  At  Adelaide,  South  Australia,  Wm. 
James,  esq.  eldest  son  of  W.  R.  James,  esq.  of 
£ly-pl.  and  Letted  Ix>dge,  Kent,  to  Elizabeth, 
only  child  of  the  late  John  George  Babb,  esq. 

of  Oxford. At  Margate,  the  Rev.  D.  N. 

Walton,  to  Louisa,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 

F.  F.  Clay. At   vvitrhampton,  Dors.,  the 

Rev.  G.  J.  Collinson,  Vicar  of  Swanbume, 
Bucks,  to  Sophia-Louisa,  dan.  of  the  late  Capt. 

W.  H.  Cleather,  1st  Ceylon  Regt. At  Win- 

dlesham,  Surrey^  Edm.  Batten,  esq.  of  Lin- 
coln's-Inn,  Barnster-at-Law,  to  Jemima,  only 
sister  of  The  Chisholm. 

Aug.  1.  At  Topi»ham,  Edw.  Randolph,  esq. 
of  Exeter,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  James 
Randolph,  of  MUverton,  Somenet,  to  Marift- 


Jane,  eldest  dan.  of  the  late  Walter  RIm 
Howell  Powell,  esq.  of  Maes>Gwynne,  oo.  Ov- 

marthen. At  A Idenham,  Jonathan   Rash- 

leigh,  esq.  second  son  of  William  Rashleigliv 
esq.  of  Menabelly,  Cornwall,  to  Mary^ratb 
eldest  dau.  of  William  Stewart,  esq.  of  Alden* 

ham  Abbey At  Gillingham,   Kent,  Capt. 

W.  F.  Hay,  East  India  Co.'s  Depdt.  to  Caro- 
line-Anne, dau.  of  the  Rev.  John  Page,  D.D. 

At  St.  Mary '1,  Ruldington,  Howira,  weond 

son  of  Francis  N alder,  esq.  of  Strttttham* 
Surrey,  to  Jnlia,  second  daa.  of  the  late  Fk%- 
deric  Clarke,  esq.  of  Reading.— At  9t. 
Geoi^*s,  Hano\-er-8q.,  John  Harvey  Lovtll, 
esq.  second  son  of  the  late  Peter  Harrcy 
Lovell,  esq.  of  Cole  Park,  Wilts,  to  Smma» 
dau.  of  the  late  Sir  Bethell  Godrlngton,  Bart. 

of  Dodincton,  Gloucestershire. ^At  Gorlet- 

ton,  near  Yarmonth,  William  Walpole,  esq.  late 
of  Belgrave  pi.  to  Susannah,  widow  of  J. 
Goolding  Seymour,  eso.  of  Bishop*s  Waltham, 

Hampsh. ^At  Swafleld.  John  Hippjsley,  ea^, 

of  Stow  Easton,  Somersetsh.  to  Geomana* 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  John  DoTphin. 

At    Christ  Church,   l^Iarylebone,  James 

Pope^  esq.  of  Hillingdon,  Middlesex,  to  Anna- 
Sophia,  only  dau.  of  F.  R.  Mills,  esq.  of  the 

Home  Office,  and   of  Cunningham-pl. At 

Hurst,  Berks,  Tliomas  Broughton  Charltoii, 
esq.  of  Chilwell  Hall,  Notts,  to  F^nny-Dora, 
second  dau.  of  John  Walter,  esq.  of  Bear  Wood, 

Berks. At  Tonbrldge,  Robert  Williamson 

Ramsay,  esq.  late  Capt.  42d  Highlanders,  son 
of  the  late  Thomas  Williamson,  esq.  of  Mat- 
ton  and  Lixmoont,  N.B.  to  Julia,  only  dan.  ot 

Sir  Francis  Bond  Head,  Bart. At  Shenley, 

Herts,  Gecrge  Royds,  esq.  son  of  John  Royds, 
of  Gloucester-pl.  Portman-sq.  to  Jane,  dan. 
of  Henry  Hoyle  Oddie,  esq.  of  Colney  Hoase, 

Herts,  and  Portland-pl.  London. At  St. 

George's.  Bloomsbury,  Lieut.  W.  Fead,  ILN., 
to  Charlotte-Curry,  youngest  dan.  of  W. 
Hillier,  esq.  of  Boley  HiH,  Rochester,  and 
widow  of  the  late  Lieut.  Rawlings,  40th  Regt. 

2.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-square,  Luke 
Briggs,  esq.  of  Carey-st.,  Lincoin's-inn.  to 
Eliza,  jounger  dan.  of  the  late  Thomas  Waucer, 

esq.  of  the  Grange,  Chigwell^Essex. At  St. 

Mai^ret's,  Westminster,  Thomas  Morgan, 
esq.  of  Rutland  Gate,  Hyde  Park,  to  Fanny. 
Ahcia,  fourth  dan.  of  the  late  Henry  Buckley, 

esq.  of  River  Hill,  Kent. At  St.  George's, 

Hanover-square,  George  Chetwynd,  esq.  eldest 
son  of  Sir  (leorge  Chetwynd,  Bart,  to  Lady 
Charlotte  Hill,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Marquess 

of  Downshire At  Christ  Church,  Maryle- 

bone,  J.  Bailey  Denton,  esq.  of  Gray's- 
inn-square  and  Southampton,  second  son 
of  Samuel  Denton,  esq.  of  Park-village  East, 
Regent's  Park,  to  Martha-Lee,  niece  and  ward 
of  the  late  John  Howshin,  esq.  of  Saville-row. 

At  Teddington,   Aln^   Singer,    esq.  of 

Vanxhall,  to  Frances,  second  dau.  of  the  late 
Alexander  Barclay,  esq.  of  Teddington. 

8.  At  St.  Gluvias,  tne  Rev.  Edward  Jordan 
Rogers,  of  Nassau,  New  Providence,  to  Fanny, 
youngest  dau.  of  Thomas  Fitzrerald,  esq.  of 

Green  Bank,  Falmouth. At  Bishopstawton, 

near  Barnstaple,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Chichester,  of 
Chittlehampton,  to  Miss  Williams,  dan.    of 

Capt.    James  Williams,  of   Newport. At 

Taunton.  W.  Haselwood,  esq.  son  of  the  late 
Dr.  Haselwood,  M.D.  of  British  Guiana,  to 
Louisa- Barbara,    dan.  of  Capt.  Hombrook, 

R.M. At    Enfield,  the  Rev.   Christopher 

Greenside,  to  Fanny,  youngest  dau.  of  William 

Bottomley.  esq.  of  Enfield,  Middlesex. At 

Croydon,  John  Parson,  esq.  of  Finsbury-sq., 
eldest  son  of  Capt.  Parson,  R.N.,  of  Telgn- 
mouth,  Devon,  to  Catherine-Anne,  eldest  dan. 
of  Jonathan  Hayne,  esq.  of  Park  Hill,  Croy- 

don. At  Little  Muuden,  Georve,  youngest 

son  of  William  Hobson,  esq.  of  Harley-st.  to 
Annie,  eldest  dau,  of  V,  9,  Oiaiincy,  esq.  gf 


1843.] 


Manriaget, 


42» 


little  Mmiden,  Herts. ^At  Woolwich,  Capt 

Benn,  Royal  Art.  to  Ella,  dan.  of  the  late  John 
Molyneux,  esq.  of  Gravel  HiU,  Shropsh.— > 
At  Cheltenham,  the  Rev.  S.  A.  Ellis,  M.A.  In- 
cumbent of  St.  Ives,  Cornwall,  to  Henrietta- 
Gallye,  younfpest  dan.  of  the  late  Alexander 

Gallye  Lamotte,  esq.  of  Tiverton. At  Maise- 

more,  Samuel  White  Baker,  esq.  eldest  son  of 
Samuel  Baker,  esq.  of  Lypiatt  Park,  Glonc, 
to  Henrietta-Anne-BigWoocI,  eldest  dan.  of  the 
Rev.  Charles  Martin,  of  Maisemore:  also, 
Joha  Garland  Baker,  esq.  second  son  of  Saml. 
Baker^  esq.  to  Eiiza-Heberden,  second  dan. 

of  the  Rev.  Charles  Herbert  Martin. Capt. 

Trewhitt,  of  Langesse  Loiret,  France,  to 
Juliana,  only  dan.  of  John  Mitchison.  esq.  of 

Sunbury,  Middlesex. ^At  St.  Georve's,  Han- 

over-sq.  William  Shaw,  esq.  of  Hnddersfield, 
to  Emma,  third  dan.  of  the  late  Timothy  Bent" 

ley,  esq. ^At  Acomb.  Charles  Pratt,  esq. 

only  son  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Pratt,  of  Pack- 
ington,  Leicestershire,  to  Caroline-Jesse,  only 
dau.  of  the  late  Valentine  Kitchingrman,  esq. 

of  Carlton,   Yorkshire. At   Chnscchiffch, 

Surrey^  Thomas  Carter  Briggs^  esq.  of  Lin- 
coln's-mn,  Barrister-at-Law,  to  Elizabeth, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Mapleton.— 
At  St.  Pancras,  John,  son  of  Giles  Tfaornber, 
esq.  of  Poalt(m-le-Fylde>  to  Annie,  only  dau.  of 

the  late   Col.    Fraser,    Royal  Art. At  St. 

George's,  Hanover-sq.  the  Rev.  Gilbert  Frank- 
land  Lewis,  second  son  of  the  Right  Hon. 
Frankland  Lewis,  to  Jane,  eldest  dan.  of  Sir 

Edmund  Antrobus,  Bart. At  St.  Danstan's- 

in-the-East,  James  Remington  Stedman,  esq. 
of  Guildford,  to  Anne,  youngest  dau.  of  Davkl 

Langton,  esq.  of  Clothworkers'  Hall. ^At  St. 

James's  Church,  Charles,  eldest  son  of  James 
Gray  Mayhew,  esq.  of  Argyll-st.  to  Sarah- 
Maria,  second  dau.  of  T.  G.  Adams,  esq.  of 

Chester-terr.  Regent's  Park. At  St.  Mary* 

lebone,  John  Samuel  Tanqueray,  esq.  of  Hen- 
don,  son  of  the  Rev.  Edw.  lanqueray.  Rector  of 
Tingrith  and  Tempsford,  Beds.,  to  Jane-Fleet- 
wood,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Ives, 

esq.  of  Somerset-st.,  Portman-sq. D.  W. 

Soames,  esq.  of  Pinner,  to  Marian- Jane, 
youngest  dau.  of  Joseph  Hall,  esq.  of  Pinner 

\Vood. At  St.  George's,   Hanover-sq.  the 

Hon.  George  Anson  Byron,  eldest  son  of  the 
Right  Hon.  Lord  Bvron,  to  Lucy-Elizabeth- 
Jane,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  William 

Wescombe. At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq. 

William  Herbert  Maond,  esq.  of  the  Hill, 
Laverstock,  Wilts,  to  Lucy,  youngest  dau.  m 
Richard  Stonehewer  Illingworth,  esq.  of  Ches- 
ter-street, Belgrave-square. At  Great  Sax- 
ham,  Suffolk,  Henry  Duncan,  eldest  son  of 
Henry  Skrine,  esq.  of  Stnbbings,  Berks,  and 
Warleigh,  Somerset,  to  Susanna-Caroline, 
third  dau.  of  William  Mills,  esq.  of  Saxham 

Hall,  Suffolk. At  Paddington,  John   Hall 

Maxwell,  esq.  eldest  son  of  wiltiam  Maxwell, 
esq.  of  IMrganel,  Renfrewshire,  to  Anne, 
eldest  dau.  of  Thomas  Williams,  esq.  of  South- 
wick-crescent,  Hyde  Park. 

4.  At  Tamworth,  the  Rev.  Arthur  Hibbit, 
Vicar  of  Blakesley,  Northamptonsh.,  second 
son  of  the  late  W.  Hibbit,  esq.  of  Blakesley 
Hall,  to  Catherine- Harriet,  youngest  dau.  of 
E.  Vvingfield  Dickenson,  esq.  of  Dosthill 
House,  Oxfordshire. 

5.  At  St.  Pancras,  Joseph  Crawford  Brome- 
head,  esq.  of  Lincoln's-inn,  Barrister-at-Law, 
to  Georgiana- Maria- Jane,  dau.  of  James  John- 
sou,  esq.  M.D.  of  Suffolk-pl. At   Trinity 

Church,  Marylebone,  Henry,  eldest  son  oif 
Henry  S.  Northcote,  esq.  and  grandson  of  Sir 
S.  H.  Northcote,  Bart,  of  Pynes,  Exeter,  to 
Cecilia-Frances,  eldest  dan.  of  the  late  Thos. 
Farrer,  esq.  of  Gloucester- terrace,  Regent's 

Park,    and  of    Lincolu's-inn-fields. At 

Brompton,  George-Henry,  eldest  son  of  Geo. 
Prew,  esq.  of  Bermondsey  and  Streatham,  to 


Snsannah-Henriettt^  eldest  dan.  of  Robert 
Gray,  esq.  of  Brompton-crescent. 

7.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.,  iBnrique 
Palis,  esq.  only  son  of  Jose  Ignacio  Pari^ 
esq.  of  Bogota,  New  Granada,  to  Eliza,  second 
dau.  of  Thomas  James  Stronach,  esq. 

8.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-square,  Francis 
Tower,  esq.  to  Giana-Maria,  yonngest  dau.  of 
the  late  J.  B.  Riqhsrds,  esq.  of  Bryanston-sq* 

At  Chigwell,  Essex,  Manley  Hopkios,  esq. 

of  Stratford  Grove,  to  Kate,  ddiest  dan.  of  John 

Simm  Smith,  esq. ^At  Sonnin^i.  Berks,  the 

Rev.  Matt.  Thos.  Farrer,  Vicar  of  Addington^ 
Surrey,  second  son  of  James  W.  Farrer,  esq. 
Master  in  Chancery,  to  Frances-Emma,  eldest 
dau.  of  Edward  Golding,  esq.  of  Maiden  Erw 
legh,  Berks. At  Trinity  Church,  Maryle- 
bone, Frederick  Edwin,  youngest  son  of  Wal- 
pole  Eyre,  esq.  of  Bryanston-sq.  to  Eliza, 
youngest  dau.  of  Thomas  Alexander  Rayns- 

lord,  eM.  of  Devonshir&-pL ^At  Brighton^ 

Lieut.  William  Johnstone,  51st  Madras  Nat. 
Inf.  to  Matilda^Charlotte,  only  dau.  of  the 
late  Capt.  C.  W.  Mackintosh,  Madras  Army. 

^At  Farthinghoe,  Northamptonshire,  Thos. 

Tyrwhitt  Drake,  esq.  ddest  son  of  Thomas 
Tyrwhitt  Drake,  esq.  of  Sfaardelves,  to  Eliza- 
beth-Julia, widow  of  Col.  Wedderburn,  Cold- 
stream Guards,  and  dau.  of  the  late  John 

Stratton,  esq.  of  Farthinghoe  Lodge. ^At 

Stoke  d'Abernon,  Surrey,  the  Rev.  J.  F.  W* 
Woodyeare,  eldest  son  of  the  late  F.  J.  Wood- 
yeare,  esq.  of  Crookhill,  Yorksh.,  toMary- Jane» 
dau.  of  the  late  W.  Phillips,  esq.  of  Cavendish- 
square. 

9.  At  Sutton  St.  Michael,  Herefordshire^ 
Mr.  George  Unett,  son  of  J.  W.  Unett,  esq« 
of  the  Woodlands,  near  Birmingham,  to  Eliza- 
beth-Frances-Letitia,  fourth  dau.  of  Henry 
Unett,  esq.  of  Freen's  Court,  Herefordshire. 

At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  the   Hon* 

Thomas  Preston,  son  of  Viscount  Gormanston, 
to  Margaret,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late  John 
Hamilton,  esq.  of  Sandrum,  Ayrshire;  also, 
Henry  Spencer,  Esq.  of  Helmington  Hall, 
Durham,  younsrest  son  of  the  late  Capt.  Shield, 

to   Jane-Hamilla,   his  youngest   dau. At 

Edinburgh,  John  Gosnell,  esq.  of  Highbury- 
pi.  London,  to  Elizabeth,  tnird  dau.  ofthe  late 
Duncan  Sinclair,  esq.  letter-founder. 

.  10.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  Charles 
Robert  Carter  Petley,  esq.  of  Riverh^id,  Kent, 
to  Martha,  only  dan.  of  the  late  Francis  Wood- 
gate,  esq.  of  rerox  Hall,Tunbridge,  Kent. 

At  St.  Mary's,  Bryanston-sq.  T.  Mayer  Car>> 
vick,  esq.  late  of  the  78th  Highlanders,  to 
Emily,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Col.  Shpicer, 
of  the  Mansion,  Leatherhead :  also,  Harry 
Cumberlege,  esq.  of  the  64th  Regt.  to  Eliza, 

youngest  dau.  of  Tliomas  Carvick,  esq. At 

Strentham,  Alfred  Brettle,  esq.  of  Fairey  Hal), 
Mottingham,  Kent,  to  Marianne,  only  dau.  of 
the  late  Pierre  de  Sales  Lat^rriere,  M.D.,  of 
Quebec,  Lower  Canada. At  Poughil),  Corn- 
wall, the  Rev.  Mor^^n  Cowie,  Fellow  of  St. 
John's  Coll.  Cambridge,  to  Gertrude-Mary, 
second  dau.  of  Thomas  Camsew,  esq.  of  Hex- 
bury  Hall,  Cornwall. 

11.  At  St.  George's,  Bloomsbury,  Thomas 
Henry  Taunt  >n,  esq.  of  Grandpont  House, 
near  Oxford,  to  Mary-Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  D. 
Eaton,  esq.  of  Southampton-st.  Bloomsbury- 
sq.  and  St.  Aldate's,  Oxford. 

12.  At  Guernsey,  the  Rev.  Charles  Ross  De 
Havilland,  second  son  of  Lient.-Col.  De  Havil- 
land,  Madras  Eng.  to  Grace- Anna- Dorothea, 
third  dau.  of  the  late  David  Vemer,  esq.  of 
Churchill,  co.  ArmM^h. 

15.  At  Hatfield  House,  J.  M.  Balfour,  esq. 


M.P.  to  Lady  Blanche  Cecil,  dau.  of  the  Mar- 
quess of  Sahsbury. ^At  Guernsey.  William 

Brock,  esq.  ol  Belmont,  to  Cecilia-Catherine^ 
only  dau.  of  John  Ogle.  esq.  of  High  Ongar, 


only  oau.  or  jonn  ugie.  esq.  oi  tiign  ungar, 
Essex. ^At   Belbroughton,  Richard  Hick- 


430 


Marringes. 


[Oct. 


man,  esq.  of  Oldswinford,  to  Marianne,  eldest 
dau.  of  tne  late  Georiire  Frank  Blakiston,  D.D. 

Rector   of   Belbrougliton. At    Lewisham, 

Edward  Lawes,  esq.  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
eldest  son  of  Mr.  Serjeant  Lawes,  to  Caroline- 
Sophia,  only  dau.  of  John  Bowen,  esq.  of 
Blackheath ,  Kent. 

16.  At  Old  Charlton,  Kent,  Pitcairn  Onslow, 
esq.  R.M.  son  of  the  Rev.G.W.  Onslow,  of  Duns- 
boroug^h  House,  Surrey,  to  Adelaide,  only  dau. 
of  the  late  Capt.  Saltren  Willett,  of  St,  James's 
Abbey,  near  Exeter.  —  At  St.  George's  Han- 
over-sq.  Capt.  Robert  Wallace,  18th  Bombay 
Nat.  Inf.  to  Catherine-Matilda,  dau.  of  Henry 

Smith,  esq.of  Annsbrook,  Meath. At  Ham- 

mersmith, W.  Hislop Clarke, esq. barristerat- 
law,  to  Amelia-Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Thomas 
Matthews,  esq. 

J  7'  At  the  British  Embassy,  at  Berne,  Swit- 
xerland,  Vesey  Thomas  Dawson,  esq.  barrister- 
at-law,  to  Catherine-Maria,  only  dau.  of  the  late 

Thomas  Baylis,  esq.  of  Woolwich  Common 

At  Llanelwedd,  the  Rev.  Essex  Holcombe,  M.A. 
to  Catharine,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  David 
Thomas,  esq.  of  Welfield  House,  Radnorshire. 
-~^At  Greenwich,  Edward  Stephen  Emmott, 
esq.  M.D.  of  Finsburysq.  third  son  of  Philip 
Emmott,  esq.  of  Broughton,  Hants,  to  Mary- 
Ann-Frances,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  Wil- 
liam Roberts,  R.N. At  St.  Pancras,  Walter, 

second  son  of  the  late  John  Butler,esq.  of  Tavis- 
tock-sq.  to  Jane-Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Wm.  Field, 
esq.  of  Osnaburgh-pl. At  Brompton,  Ho- 
race Stapleton  Pierce,  esq.  to  Joanna- Augusta, 
only  child  of  the  late  Samuel  Channins,  esq. 

R.N. At  Truro,  the  Rev.  F.  Carlyon,  B.A. 

son  of  Clement  Carlyon.  esq.  M.D.  to  Lucy, 

youngest  dau.  of  E.  Turner,  esq.  M.P. At 

Barnstaple,  North  Devon,  William  Heath,  esq. 
of  London,  to  Sarah-Hephzibah,  second  dau.  of 
Lieut.-Col.  William  Moxon. The  Rev.  Ar- 
thur Whipham,  Rector  of  Gidley,  to  Frances, 
dau.  of  John  Huxham,  esqof  Bishopsteignton. 
At  Cullen  House,  Banffsh.,  the  Earl  of  Sea- 
field  to  Miss  Mansell- At  Dublin,  the  Rev. 

W.  Maturin,  to  Jane-Cooke,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  Capt.  Arthur  Bentley,  Madras  Nat.  Inf. 
and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Robert  Trewman, 

esq. At  Cheltenham,  the  Ven.  J.  M.  Trew, 

D.D.  Archdeacon  of  the  Bahamas,  to  Laura, 
relict  of  the  late  Thomas  Pickering  Robinson, 
esq.  of  Darlington. 

19.  At  St.  James's,Wm.  Henry  Frederick  Ca- 
vendish, esq.  eldest  son  of  Col.  the  Hon.  Henry 
Frederick  Ck)mpton  Cavendish,  to  Lady  Emily 
Ai^usta  Lambton,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Earl 

ana  Countess    of  Durham. At   Windsor, 

John  Lucas  Allen,  esq.  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Thomas  Allen,  esq.  of  West  Hackney,  to  Ann, 
relict  of  James  Harley,  esq. 

22.  At  Westbury-upon-lrym,  the  Rev.  Geo. 
Garbett,  M.A.  Curate  of  Ross,  to  Martha-Eli- 
zabeth,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late  Robert  Williams, 

esq.  of  Aberbran,  co.  Brecon. Nehemiah 

Longshaw,  esq.  of  North  Dean  House,  near 
Manchester,  to  Mary,  only  sister  of  Henry 
Hogg,  esq.  of  Davenshaw  House,  Congleton, 

Chesnire. At  Boreham,  Essex,  Sir  Claude 

Champion  de  Crespigny,  Bart,  of  Champion 
Lodge,  Surrey,  to  Mary,  second  dau.  of  Sir 
John  Tyssen Tyrell,  Bart.  MP.  of  Boreham 

House. At    Weybridge,    Surrey,    Andrew 

Doyle,  esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple,  to  Louisa, 
youngest  dau.  of  Sir  John  Easthope,  Bart. 
M.P. At  High  Harrowgate,  George  White- 
ley,  esq.  of  the  Middle-Temple,  to  Ann-Louisa, 
only  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Rayson,  esq.  of 

York. At  Bathwick,  the  Rev.  J.  Walker, 

Fellow  of  Brasenose  Coll.  Oxford,  and  Rector 
of  Great  Bdling,  to  Catherine-Mary-Augusta, 

second  dau.  of  Capt.  Carroll,  CB.  R.N. 

At  St.  Pancras,  Thomas  Webb,  esq.  ofTutbury, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  John  Webb,  esq.  of  Bar- 


ton-under-Needwood,  Staffordsli.'  to  Lacinda, 
youngest  dau  of  the  late  John  Boden,  esq.  of 

Ednaston  Lodge,  Derbysh. At  Westmin- 

ster,  David,  youngest  son  of  John  Thomas 
Betts,  esq.  of  Bromfield  House,  Clapham 
Common,  to  Eleanor-Catherine,  eldest  dau.  of 
Mr.  E.  Hogx»  of  St.  James's-st. 

23.  At    St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  Henry 
Lei^h  Philips,  esq.  to  Anna,  dau  of  £.  FiUier 

Maitland,  esq.  of  Park-place,  Oxfordsh. 

At  St.  Marylebone,  Arthur  Hall.  esq.  of  the 
Madras  Civil  Serv.  to  Mary-Ann-Rosa,  second 
dau.  of  Major  M.  C.  Chase,  of  Nottinghaxn-pl. 

Regent's-park. ^At  Funtington,  near  Cni- 

chester,  J.  Richardson  Smith,  esq.  to  Uaniett- 
Miriam,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Dm- 
con.  of  Dens  worth  House,  Sussex. 

24.  Samuel  Pett,  esq.  of  Whitehall,  to  Anne, 
second  dau.  of  Richard  Knight,  esq.  of  Tavis* 

tock-so. At  Paddington,  Thomas,   eldest 

son  of  Robert  Hand,  esq.  of  Richmond,  Surrey, 
to  Ellen- Julia,  second  dan.  of  B.  U.  Smait, 

esq.  of  Connaught-terr. ^At  Upper  Deal, 

Capt.  Edward  Charles  Warde,  Royal  Horse 
Art.  eldest  surviving  son  of  the  late  Gen.  Sir 
Henry  Warde,  G.C.B.  to  Jane  eldest  dau.  of 

the  Rev.  Charles  Lane,  Rector  of  Deal. ^At 

Mickleham,  Surrey,  Charles  Francis  Wame- 
ford,  esq.  M.D.,  of  the  University  of  Edin- 
burgh, to  Alicia,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late  John 

Davidson,  esq.  of  Newcastle,  Durham. J.  8. 

Ive,  esq.  of  Hazlemere  Lodge,  Bucks,  to  Eliza- 
beth   Ive,  widow  of  James  Vernell,  esq.  of 

Tavistock-sq At  Paris,  Mark  Seton  Synnot, 

esq  of  Liverpool,  son  of  Marcus  Synnot,  esq. 
of  Ballymoyer,  Armagh,  to  Anne-Jane,  dau.  of 
the  late  Mark  Synnot,  esq.  of  Grove  House, 

Clapham,    Surrey. At    Exeter,    the    Rev. 

Henry  Mauley,  only  son  of  the  Rev.  Edward 
Manley,  late  of  U£fculme,  to  Mary- Anne, young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  Wm.  Good,  esq.  of  Fins- 
bury- sq. 

26.  At  Bearsted,  Henry-Stephen,  eldest  son 
of  R.  I.  Thompson,  esq.  of  Kirby  Hall,  Yorksh. 
to  Elizabeth-Anne,  second  dau.  of  Sir  John 
Croft,  Bart,  of  Dodington,  Kent,  and  Cooling 

Hall,  Yorksh. 28.  At  Southampton,  Charles 

Hooper,  esq.  of  Cheltenham,  to  Maria-Cathe- 
rine, relict  of  Samuel  Brandford  Cox,  of  De- 
merara,  and  Zeelugt  House,  Cheltenham. 

29.  At  Ipswich,  the  Rev.  W.  W.  Woodhouse, 
M.A.  to  Laura,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rear- 
Adm.  Sir  Charles  Cunningham,  of  Oak  House, 

Suffolk. At   Croydon,  Richard  Hotham 

Pigeon,  jun.  esq.  only  son  of  the  Treasurer  of 
Christ's  Hospital,  to  Emma,  eldest  dau.  of  this 

late  John  Henry  Keen,  esq.  of  Tooting. 

At  Battersea,  Joseph  Gumey,  esq.  of  Laven- 
der Hill,  to  Harriet,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Henry  Tritton,  esq.  of  St.  John's  Hill,  Bat- 
tersea.  At  Church  Gresley,  Derbysh.  Tho- 
mas William  Flavell,  esq.  third  son  of  the  Rev. 
J.  W.  Flavell,  Rector  of  Stody  and  Hunworth, 
Norfolk,  to  Agnes,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Rev. 

G.  W.  Lloyd,  D.D.  Incumbent  of  Gresley. 

At  Walton,  Suffolk,  the  Rev.  Wm.  CoUett,  of 
St.  Peter's  Coll.  Cambridge,  B.A.  to  Mary- 
Cecil-Augusta,  only  dau.  of  the  late  Count  Liu- 

singcn,  of  Ipswich. At  Risby,  near  Bury 

St.  Edmund's,  John  Worlledge,  jun.  esq.  of 
the  Middle  Temple,  Banister-at-law,  and  late 
Fellow  of  Trinity  coll.  to  Mary,  fourth  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  J.  D.  Wastell,  of  Risby. ^At  Tot- 
tenham, Henry  Charlier,  esq.  of  Ghent,  Bel- 
§ium,  to  Laura,  fourth  dau.  of  Thomas  Win- 
us,  esq.  of  Stamford  Hill. At  Kingston- 

upon-Hull,  Edward  Twining,  esq.  to  Xucy- 
Harriet,  dau.  of  the  late  John  Cowham  Parker, 

esq. At  Preston,  Lancash.  Henry  Griffith, 

esq.  of  Port  Royal,  Deputy  Lieut,  for  co.  Sligo, 
Ireland,  to  Jemima,  dau.  of  James  Peddfer, 
esq.  of  Ashton  Lodge,  Preston. 


431 


OBITUARY. 


The  Duke  of  Dorset,  K.G. 
July  29.  In  Harley-street,  aged  75, 
the  Most  Noble  Charles  Sackville  Ger- 
maine,  fifth  Duke  of  Dorset  (1720), 
eleventh  Earl  of  Dorset  (1603),  sixth 
Earl  of  Middlesex  and  Baron  Cranfield, 
CO.  Sussex  (1673),  second  Viscount  Sack- 
ville of  Drayton,  co.  Northampton,  and 
Baron  of  Bolebrooke,  co.  Sussex  (1782), 
eleventh  Baron  Buckhurst  (1567),  K.G. 
and  a  Privy  Councillor. 

The  house  of  Sackville,  which  has  thus 
become  extinct,  derived  its  elevation  from 
Thomas  Sackville,  Lord  Buckhurst  and 
Earl  of  Dorset,  a  man  distinguished  in 
his  youth  as  the  poet  of  '*  The  Mirrourof 
Magistrates,*'  and  who  flourished  as  a 
statesman  in  the  reigns  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth and  James  the  P'irst,  under  the 
former  in  the  dignity  of  a  Baron,  and 
under  the  latter  as  an  Earl.  It  may  be 
concluded  that  Lord  Buckhurst  owed  his 
original  footing  at  court  to  his  consan- 
guinity to  the  Queen,  for  his  grandmother 
was  Anne  Boleyne,  the  aunt  of  Queen 
Anne  Boleyne,  Elizabeth's  mother.  Yet, 
so  sparing  was  the  Queen  of  her  honours, 
that,  notwithstanding  his  near  affinity,  his 
talents,  and  his  long  services,  she  would 
never  raise  him  above  the  dignity  of  a 
Baron.  He  was  created  liord  Buck- 
hurst (the  name  of  a  manor  in  Sussex, 
which  had  been  in  his  family  from  the 
reign  of  Henry  II.)  in  1566.  In  1598 
he  succeeded  Burghley  as  Lord  Trea- 
surer, and  in  1603  King  James,  who 
was  the  very  opposite  of  his  predecessor 
in  his  bestowal  of  honours,  made  him 
Earl  of  Dorset.  He  died  at  his  post 
at  the  council  table  on  the  19th  April, 
1608,  aged  81.  A  memoir  of  him  will  be 
found  in  Lodge's  Illustrious  Porti*aits. 

Richard  the  fifth  Earl  married  Lady 
Frances  Cranfield,  the  daughter  of  Lionel 
Earl  of  Middlesex,  who  also  was  one  of 
the  numerous  Lord  Treasurers  of  the 
reign  of  James  the  First ;  and  after  the 
death  of  Lionel  third  Earl  of  Middlesex, 
in  1674',  his  nephew  Charles,  afterwards 
the  sixth  Earl  of  Dorset,  was  during  his 
father's  lite-time  createdBnron  Cranfield 
and  Earl  of  Middlesex.  He  also  was  a 
poet,  and  Horace  Wal pole  has  said  of  him 
that  "  he  had  as  much  wit  as  his  first 
master  (Charles  II.),  or  his  contempora- 
ries, Buckingham  and  Rochester,  without 
the  Royal  want  of  feeling,  the  Duke's  want 
of  principle,  or  the  Earl's  want  of 
thought.**  His  son  Lionel,  the  seventh 
Eurl  of  Dorset,  was  created  Duke  of 
Dorset  in   17W0.      Charles  the  second 


Duke  possessed  the  hereditary  talents  of 

his  family,  and  is  noticed  in  these  lines  of 

Pope  : — 

Whilst  other  Sackvilles,  other  Buckhursts 
shine. 

And  patriots  still,  or  poets,  deck  the  line. 

Lord  George  Sackville,  the  father  of  the 
Duke  now  deceased,  was  distinguished  in 
early  life  as  a  field  officer,  and  afterwards 
as  a  statesman  ;  he  took  the  name  of 
Germaine  in  1770,  and  was  created  Vis- 
count Sackville  in  1782.  His  wife  was 
Diana,  daughter  and  coheir  of  John 
Sambrooke,  esq.  and  niece  to  Sir  Jere- 
miah Sambrooke,  Bart. 

Such  are  the  main  features  in  the  his- 
tory of  this  illustrious  house  ;*  to  which 
it  may  be  added,  that  five  of  its  members 
have  been  Knights  of  the  Garter,  namely, 
the  first,  fourth,  and  sixth  Earls,  the  first 
and  last  Dukes.  The  main  line  of  the 
house  expired  with  the  fourth  Duke,  in 
1815 ;  when  the  principal  estates  were  di- 
vided between  her  sisters  and  co-  heiresses, 
Mary  Countess  of  Plymouth  and  Eliza- 
beth  Countess  Delawarr ;  to  the  former 
of  whom,  now  Countess  Amherst,  was 
assigned  the  magnificent  old  seat  at 
Knole,  a  monument  of  the  splendour  of 
her  first  great  ancestor ;  and  to  the  latter 
the  estate  of  Buckhurst,  where  the  Earl 
of  Plymouth  has  erected  a  new  mansion.f 

On  the  calamitous  death  of  George- 
John- Frederick,  the  fourth  Duke  of  Dor- 
set, in  consequence  of  a  fall  from  his 
horse  at  Dublin  (whilst  on  a  visit  to  the 
Vice-regal  court,  during  the  Lord- Lieu- 
tenancy of  his  stepfather,  Earl  Whit- 
worth,)  the  older  dignities  of  the  family 
devolved  on  the  Viscount  Sackville,  Feb. 
22,  1815. 

The  late  Duke  of  Dorset  was  born 
Aug.  27,  1767 ;  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen 
succeeded  his  father  as  Viscount  Sack- 
ville, Aug.  26,  1785.     He  was  contented 


•  The  family  of  Sackville  is  one  of 
the  few  commemorated  in  CoUins's 
quarto  volume,  "  The  English  Baron, 
age,"  1727,  (the  commencement  of  an 
extensive  work  on  the  Peer»ge  not  pro- 
ceeded with,)  nnd  it  is  also  fully  treated 
of  in  his  later  Peerages. 

f  The  family  burial-place  has  always 
been  at  Withyam,  in  which  parish  the  old 
and,  we  believe,  also  the  modern  mansion 
cf  Buckhurst  (which  is  at  a  short  distance 
from  the  former)  is  situated.  See  in  the 
Collectanea  Topographica  et  Geoealogica, 
vol.  iii.  a  series  of  the  sepulchral  memorials 
of  the  Sackvilles  at  Withyam. 


432 


Earl  of  Glasgow.^^Siv  C.  E.  Nightingale^  Bart.  [Oct. 


with  no  higher  sphere  of  distinction  than 
the  turf.  On  the  28th  July,  1808,  Colonel 
Poulett  obtained  a  verdict  of  3000/.  against 
him  in  an  action  of  crim,  con.  He  re- 
inained  unmarried. 

King  George  the  Fourth,  with  whom 
he  was  a  personal  favourite,  made  him 
Master  of  the  Horse,  Dec.  11,  1821,  and 
he  was  sworn  of  the  Privy  Council  on 
the  20th  of  the  same  month.  He  resign- 
ed that  office  in  May  1837.  He  was 
elected  a  Knight  of  the  Garter  Jan.  dO, 
1826. 

His  only  brother  the  Hon.  George 
Sackville  Germaine  died  in  1S36,  leaving 
an  only  surviving  daughter,  married  to 
William  Bruce  Stopford,  esq.  Precis 
Writer  in  the  Foreign  Office,  a  cousin  of 
the  Earl  of  Courtown.  To  this  lady  the 
Duke  is  said  to  have  bequeathed  7000/. 
a  vear,  including  Drayton  House  and  the 
whole  of  his  property  in  Northampton- 
shire. His  town  mansion  and  other  pro* 
?erty  in  Harley-street,  are  bequeathed  to 
iady  Rivers.  He  has  also  left  one 
surviving  sister,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Her- 
bert,  widow  of  the  late  Henry  Arthur 
Herbert,  Esq. 

The  Earl  of  Glasgow. 
July  13.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  77,  the 
Right  Hon.  George  Boyle,  fourth  Earl 
of  Glasgow,  Viscount  of  Kelburne,  Lord 
Boyle  of  Stewartoun,  Cumbraes,  Fen- 
wick,  Largo,  and  Dairy  (1703),  Lord 
Boyle  of  Kelburne,  &c.  (1699),  in  the 
peerafi:e  of  Scotland  ;  Baron  Ross,  of 
Hawkhead,  co.   Renfrew  (1815),  in  the 

Seerageofthe  United  Kingdom;  G.C.H.; 
iord  Lieutenant  of  Ayrshire,  Deputy 
Governor  of  the  Bank  of  Scotland,  F.  R.  S. 
and  F.S.A. 

His  lordship  was  bom  March  26,  1766, 
the  second  but  only  surviving  son  of  John 
the  third  Earl,  by  Elizabeth,  second 
daughter  of  George  twelfth  Lord  Ross, 
and,  at  length,  sole  heir  to  her  brother 
William  thirteenth  Lord  Ross,  who  died 
in  1754.  Whilst  still  under  age,  he  suc- 
ceeded his  father  March  7,  1775.  He 
was  a  Captain  in  the  West  Lowland 
fencible  regiment  in  1793 ;  afterwards 
Major  of  the  Angus  fencibles ;  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  Roth  say  and  Caithness  fen- 
cibles ;  and  Colonel,  first  of  the  Ayr  and 
Renfrew,  afterwards  of  the  Renfrewshire 
militia,  which  he  resigned  in  1806.  He 
was  constituted  Lord-Lieutenant  of  the 
county  of  Renfrew  April  28,  1810 ;  and 
was  chosen  one  of  the  sixteen  repre- 
sentatives of  the  Scotish  peerage  at  the 
general  election  1790.  He  was  rechosen 
in  1796,  1802, 1806,  1807,  and  1812.  On 
the  18th  July,  1815,  he  received  the  title 
•f  Baron  Ross  in  the  peerage  of  the 
12 


United  Kingdom,  conferred  in  commemo- 
ration  of  his  maternal  descent. 

His  Lordship  married  first,  August  4, 
1 788,  Lady  Augusta  Hay,  third  daughter 
of  James  fourteenth  Earl  of  Errol,  by 
Isabella,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Carr, 
of  Etal,  in  Northumberland,  Bart.  The 
Countess  succeeded  to  the  estate  of  Etal 
in  1806,  on  the  death  of  her  nephew 
William  Holwell  Carr,  only  child  of  her 
eldest  sister  Lady  Charlotte,  by  the  Rev. 
William  Holwell  (who  also  assumed  the 
name  of  Carr,  and  was  the  well 'known 
benefactor  to  the  National  Gallery.)  Her 
Ladyship  died  July  23,  1822,  having  had 
issue  three  sons  and  three  daughters :  I . 
the  Right  Hon.  John,  Viicouut  Kelburnet 
an  officer  in  the  Royal  Navy,  who  died 
1818,  in  his  39th  vear ;  2.  Lady  Isabella, 
who  died  in  lS3i,  in  her  44th  year ;  3. 
the  Right  Hon.  James,  now  Earl  of 
Glasgow ;  4.  Lady  Elizabeth,  who  died 
in  1819,  in  her  25th  year ;  5.  Lady  Augusta, 
married  in  1821  to  Major-General  Lord 
Frederick  Fitzclarence,  son  of  his  Majesty 
King  William  IV.  and  brother  to  the 
Earl  of  Munster,  and  has  issue  ohq 
daughter;  6.  the  Hon.  William  Boyle^ 
who  died  in  1819,  in  his  I7th  year. 

The  late  ^rl  of  Glasgow  married 
secondly,  Nov.  13,  1824,  Julia,  daughter 
of  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  John  SiocIair,j 
Bart,  and  by  that  lady,  who  survivea  him, 
he  had  issue  one  son  and  one  daughter : 
7. 'the  Hon.  George- Frederick  Boyle,  bora 
in  1825  ;  and  8.  Ladv  Diana,  born  in  1828. 

The  present  Earl  waa  ^orn  in  1798. 
He  is  a  Lieutenant  ^n  the  Royal  Navy, 
and  has  been  for  some  years  M.P.  for 
Ayrshire.  He  took  the  name  of  Carr  on 
succeeding  to  the  Etal  estate  oo  hi^ 
mother's  death,  and  married  ip  182^ 
Georgiana,  daughter  of  the  late  Edward 
Hay. Mackenzie,  esq.  uncle  to  the  Mar- 
quess of  Tweeddale,  out  has  no  issue. 


SlE   C.   £.   NiOHTINOALE,  BaRT. 

Jufy  5.  At  Bath,  aged  59,  Sir  Charlts 
EthelstoneNightiiJgale,  the  seventbBart , 
of  Newport  Pond,  Essex  (1628). 

He  was  born  Nov.  1,  1784,  the  secoiicl 
but  eldest  surviving  son  of  Sir  Edward 
the  sixth  Baronet,  by  Eleanor  daughter 
and  heiress  of  his  uncle  Robert  Night* 
ingale,  esq.  of  Kneesworth  Hall,  Cam- 
bridgeshire.  He  suc^ceeded  his  father 
Dec.  4,  1804. 

Sir  Charles  Niffhtingale  formerly  re- 
sided atKneesworth-hair,  Cambridgeshire, 
but  had  lately  dwelt  entirely  at  Bath.  He 
was  constantly  attended  by  Dr.  Greville, 
to  whom  he  has  left  the  whole  of  his  pro« 
perty,  overlooking  Lady  Nightingale  and 
his  children;   and  in  conaequeiicei sqdm 


1843.]  Sir  Edward  St/nge.^Mnj.^Gen,  Sir  J.  K.  Mor^ey.  433 


suspicions    were    raised    respecting  the 
cause  of  his  death. 

Dr.  Greville  undertook  to  have  the  body 
examined  by  any  medical  gentleman  ;  but, 
some  dispute  ensuing  with  the  family,  the 
.  doctor  sealed  the  doors  of  the  room,  and 
thus  left  an  inquest  as  the  only  means  of 
making  such  an  examination.     Mr.  Tho- 
mas Nightingale,  a  son  of  deceased,  swore 
to  his  suspicion,    from    the   appearance 
of  the  body  after  death,  that  his  father 
had  been  poisoned  by  the  administration 
of  arsenic.     Dr.  Greville  deposed  to  hav- 
ing attended  deceased  professionally  for 
several  years.     For  the  last  four  months 
he  had  been  a  variable  state  of  health  ; 
his  last  illness  had  continued  nearly  five 
weeks,  and  his  death  was  occasioned  by  a 
complication  of  maladies,    dropsy  being 
superinduced.     Dr.  Lambert  deposed  that 
he  was  called  to  attend  the  deceased,  and 
found  him   vomiting.      Deceased's   was 
not  the  coffee-ground  vomiting  which  is 
symptomatic  of  the  last  stages  of  organic 
disease,  but  appeared  to  be  the  inflamma- 
tory action  of  the  stomach,    which  Dr. 
j^bercromby  and  M.   Louis  state  never 
takes  place  except  in  cases  of  acrid  poison. 
The  stomach  was  more  distended  than  in 
ordinary  cases.     He  felt  bound  to  state 
that    these  circumstances   created  great 
suspicion  in  his  mind.     An  adjournment 
of  the  inquest  took  place,  and  Mr.  Field, 
surgeon,  having  in  the  interim   made  a 
post   mortem  examination  of  the   body, 
then  gave  it  as  his  decided  opinion  that 
no  arsenic  had  been  taken  or  administered. 
The  jury  then  consulted  for  a  short  time, 
and    returned    the    following     verdict— 
**  That  the  deceased  died   of   hsemate- 
mesis,  by  the  visitation  of  God.'' 

Sir  Charles  married  in  1805,  his  cousin- 
german  Maria,  only  daughter  of  Thomas 
Lacy  Dickenson,  of  West  Retford,  co. 
Nottingham,  esq.  by  whom  he  had  issue 
six  sons  and  one  daughter:  1.  Charles, 
his  successor;  2.  Tbomas-Henry  Night- 
ingale, esq.  who  married  in  1830  Hannah- 
Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  of  T.  H. 
Parry,  esq. ;  3.  Edward- Malcolm,  who 
died  in  1818 ;  4.  Eleanor,  twin  with  the 
last  ;  5.  George- Manley,  who  died  an  in- 
fant ;  6.  George- Lacy ;  and  7.  Frederick- 
Dickenson. 

The  present  Baronet  was  born  in  1809, 
and  married  in  Feb.  1829  Harriott- Maria, 
grand -daughter  of  J.  Foster,  esq.  and 
niece  to  Lieut- Gen.  Trapaud. 


(grandson  of  Dr.  Nicholas  Synge,  Lord 
Bishop  of  Kilialoe,  and  great-grandson 
of  Dr.  Edward  Synge,  Archbishop  of 
Tuam,*)  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  Theo- 
bald Wolfe,  esq.  of  Newtown,  co.  Dub- 
lin, and  cousin-german  to  Chief  Justice 
Arthur  Wolfe,  Lord  Viscount  Kilwarden. 

He  succeeded  to  the  title  on  the  death 
of  his  father,  in  1804  ;  and  married  Jan. 
19,  1809,  Mary-Helena,  eldest  daughter 
of  Robert  Welsh,  esq.  barrister-at-law,  of 
Dublin,  and  niece  to  Noah  Hill  Neale, 
of  Gloucester,  esq.  by  whom  he  had 
issue  six  sons:  1.  Sir  Edward,  who  has 
succeeded  to  the  baronetcy ;  2.  Noah- 
Hill-Neale  ;  3.  Robert ;  4.  Hutchinson. 
Francis ;  5.  Millington-Henry ;  and  6. 
Allen. 

The  present  Baronet  was  born  in  1809, 
and  married  in  1836  u  daughter  of  O. 
Saunders,  esq.  of  Newtun  Saunders,  co. 
Wicklow. 


Sir  Edward  Synoe,  Bart. 

July  22.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  57,  Sir 
Edward  Synge,  the  second  Bart,  of  KiU 
trough,  CO.  Meath  (1801). 

He  was  bom  April  6,  1786,  the  eldest 
son    of   Sir    Robert  the   firit  Baronet 

Gent.  Maq.  Vol.  XX. 


Major-Gen.  Sir  J.  K.  Money,  Bart. 

June  26.  At  Gloucester,  Sir  James 
Kyrle  Money,  Bart,  of  Hom  House, 
Herefordshire,  and  Pitsford,  Northamp- 
tonshire,  a  Major- General  in  the  Army, 
and  a  Deputy  Lieutenant  of  Hereford- 
shire. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  William 
Money,  esq.  of  Hom  House,  in  the 
parish  of  Much  Marcle,  co.  Hereford, 
who  died  in  1808,  by  Mary,  the  daugh- 
ter  of  William  Webster,  esq,  of  Stock- 
ton-upon-Tees.  He  assumii^  the  ad- 
ditional name  and  arms  oiF  Kyrle,  by 
royal  warrant,  dated  April  26,  1809: 
being  descended  through  the  family  of 
Ernele,  of  Wiltshire,  from  that  of  Kyrle, 
an  ancient  Herefordshire  family.  Baronets 
from  1627  to  1680,  and  of  whose  race 
was  Pope's  **  Man  of  Ross.'* 

Sir  James  received  the  commission  of 
Captain  in  the  Army,  Aug.  18,  1795; 
was  appointed  Captain  in  the  30th  Foot, 
Sept.  17,  1799;  removed  to  the  82d, 
May  25,  1803 ;  became  Major,  by  brevet. 


*  There  was  an  extraordinary  sue- 
cession  of  prelates  in  this  family.  Richard 
Synge,  of  Bridgnorth,  had  two  sons, 
(1)  George  bishop  of  Cloyne ;  and  (9) 
Edward  bishop  of  Ardfert,  Cork,  Cloyne, 
and  Roas.  The  latter  was  father  of  (3) 
Edward  bishop  of  Raphoe  and  arch- 
bishop of  Tuam ;  who  gave  birth  to  (4) 
Edward  bisho])  of  Clonfert,  Cloyne, 
Ferns,  and  Leighlin  ;  and  5.  Nicholas 
bishop  of  Kilialoe.  The  Rev.  Edward 
Synge,  M.A.  son  of  the  last,  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Samuel  Hutchin- 
son, bishop  of  Killala,  and  was  father  of 
Sir  Robert  the  first  Baronet. 
3K 


434       Obituaev.— S/V  Arthur  Brooke.'^Sir  Donald  Mackod.    [Oct. 

Sept.  28,  1804.;  Lieut.-Colonel,  June4«, 
1811;  Colonel,  May  27,  1825;  and 
Major. Generul,  Jan.  10,  1837.  He  was 
for  many  years  on  the  half-pay  of  Arm- 
strong's recruiting  corps. 

He  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  a 
Baronet  in  1838. 

Sir  James  married,  Dec.  27«  1811, 
Caroline  Anne,  eldest  daughter  of  Ro* 
bert  Taylor,  esq.  of  Gloucester-place, 
Portman-square.  Having  died  without 
issue,  the  title  has  become  extinct ;  but 
his  next  brother,  the  Rev.  William  Money, 
of  Whetham  House,  Wilts,  and  Rector  of 
Yatesbury  in  that  county,  assumes  the 
name  and  arms  of  Kyrle,  the  former 
ajter  Money,  by  royal  licence.  (See  our 
last  number,  p.  310.) 


Lt.- Gen.  Sia  Arthur  Brooke,  K.C.B. 
July  26.  In  Geori^e-street,  Portman. 
square,  aged  71,  Lieut.- General  Sir 
Arthur  Brooke,  K.C.B.  Colonel  of  the 
86th  foot. 

Sir  Arthur  Brooke  was  uncle  to  Sir 
Arthur  Biinsley  Brooke,  of  Colebrook, 
Bart,  now  M.P.  for  the  co.  Fermanagh. 
He  was  the  third  son  of  Francis  Brooke, 
esq.  an  officer  in  the  army,  by  Hannah, 
daughter  of  Henry  Prittie,  esq.  of  Du- 
nally,  and  sister  to  the  first  Lord  Du- 
nally. 

He  entered  the  service  in  1792  as  an 
ensign  in  the  44th  foot ;  in  1 793  he  ob« 
tained  a  lieutenancy  ;  and  the  19th  Sept. 
1795,  a  company  in  the  same  corps.  He 
served  on  the  Continent  from  May  1794, 
with  the  army  under  the  Duke  of  York. 
In  Dec.  1795  he  went  to  the  West  Indies 
with  the  army  under  Sir  Ralph  Aber- 
cromby,  and  was  present  at  the  reduction 
of  St.  Lucie  in  1796,  and  in  an  action  on 
the  3rd  May  in  the  same  year.  He  next 
accompanied  the  army  in  the  expedition 
to  Egypt,  and  was  iu  the  actions  of  the 
13th  and  21st  of  March,  1801.  In  1802 
he  succeeded  to  a  majority  in  his  regi. 
ment ;  and  the  15th  June,  1804,  to  a 
Lieut.-Colonelcy.  From  J804  to  1808 
be  served  in  Malta,  and  subsequently  in 
Sicily  and  Spain.  The4thof  June,  1813, 
he  received  the  brevet  of  colonel  in  the 
army.  In  1813  he  went  to  the  Peninsula, 
and  commanded  a  brigade  as  a  colonel  on 
the  staff,  in  the  army  under  Lord  William 
Bentinck. 

The  Ist  June,  1814,  he  embarked  from 
Bourdeaux,  second  in  command,  with  tha 
army  under  Major.  Gen.  Ross.  At  the 
battle  ot  Bladensburg,  which  led  to  the 
capture  of  Washington,  his  brigade  turned 
both  flanks  of  the  American  army  ;  for 
which  he  was  publicly  thanked  by  the 
Major- General,  and  particularly  men* 
tioned  by  bim  in  hit  despatch  to  Lord 


Bathurst.  On  the  death  of  Genaral 
Ross  he  attacked  and  defeated  the  enemy 
near  Baltimore,  on  the  12th  Sept.  1814. 
He  was  also  present,  under  Sir  Edward 
Pakenham,  in  the  sanguinary  actions 
near  New  Orleans. 

He  received  the  brevet  of  M^jor- 
General  in  1819,andthatof  Lieut -Gene* 
ral  in  1837.  He  was  rewarded  with  the 
military  governorship  of  Yarmouth  ;  and 
with  the  rank  of  a  Companion  of  the 
Bath  ;  and  was  advanced  to  be  a  Knight- 
Commander  of  that  most  hon.  order  in 
1 833.  He  was  appoin  ted  to  the  colonelcy 
of  the  86th  foot. 

Sir  Arthur  married  Marianne,  daughter 
of  the  Rev.  William  Sneyd,of  Newchurcb 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  by  whom  be  had 
issue. 


Major- Gen.  Sib  Donald  Maguod, 

K.C.B. 
Juff,  9.    In   Montagu-square,    Major 
General  Sir  Donald  Macleod,   K.C.B. 
of  the  Bengal  army. 

This  officer  was  the  son  of  Donald 
Macleod,  of  Berneray,  co.  Inverness,  esq. 
who  was  grandson  of  Donald  fifth  son 
of  Sir  Roderick  Macleod,  of  Madeod ; 
and  brother  to  Lieut.- Gen.  Sir  John  Mae- 
leod,  KC.H.  Colonel  of  the  77th  FooC. 

Sir  Donald  joined  the  Bengal  eatt* 
blishment  as  a  Cadet  in  1781  {  waa  ap« 
pointed  Ensign  in  the  dd  European  refpl. 
ment  in  March  that  year,  Lieutenant  in 
1783;  removed  to  the  S9tb  Native  In* 
fantry  in  1785,  to  the  6tb  European  regi* 
ment  in  1786,  and  to  the  13th  battalion 
Native  Inf.  in  1790.  He  aerved  during 
the  whole  of  the  war  witb  Tippoo  8uU 
tan  in  1789-92^  and  in  that  witb  tht 
Rohilla  chieftains  in  1794.  In  the  severe 
battle  of  Oct.  26,  1794,  iu  whieh  tbg 
British  troops  were  ultimately  victorious, 
but  with  very  great  loss,  the  IStb  batta« 
lion,  from  its  situation  in  the  reserve,  suf. 
fered  more  than  any  other  corps.  Fiv» 
officers  out  of  eight,  including  tbe  eonu 
mandant,  were  killed,  and  Lieut.  Mao* 
leod  had  four  sabre  wounds,  three  of 
which  were  slight  and  one  severe. 

In  1799  he  was  appointed  Adjutant  to 
the  2d  battalion  Utb  Native  Infantry  i 
in  1795  he  became  brevet  Captain  i  an4 
in  Aug.  1830,  after  lervinf  twenty  yeara 
and  four  months,  he  was  made  regimental 
Captain. 

In  the  war  againet  tbe  Mahratta  statot 
in  1803,  his  battalion  formed  part  of  a 
detachment  sent  into  the  Bundlekund 
country  {  where  be  received  a  severe 
matchlock  wound  before  the  fort  of  Culv 
pee.  On  the  capture  of  Oualior^  tba 
second  battalion  formed  part  of  the  nr» 
rison  placed  in  that  fortivsa.    He  aftart 


;<;• 


1843.]        Lt.'G.  Mark  Napier.— Col.  EUmn,---Capi.  WUhers.        4ai 


wards  took  an  active  part  in  the  siege  of 
ieveral  forts  on  the  river  Jumna  |  and  at 
the  siege  of  Gobiid,  in  Dee.  1805,  he 
was  placed  in  command  of  tb<)  r«fserva 
which  carried  the  breach.  Of  the  800 
men  of  ^vfaich  it  consisted  about  100  were 
killed  and  wounded ;  and  of  the  tiativi 
officers  two  killed  and  three  wounded. 

In  May  1807  Capt.  Maeleod  was  ap* 
pointed  to  the  first  battalion  of  the  llth 
N.  Infantry,  which  corps  he  commanded 
until  he  went  to  Europe  on  furlough  in 
1810.  He  became  Major  by  brevet  in 
1808;  in  his  regiment  in  1810;  returned 
to  India  in  1813,  and  joined  the  second 
battalion  of  the  same  regiment,  which  he 
continued  to  command  until  July  1819, 
when  be  was  appointed  Commandant  to 
the  Garrison  of  Agra.  He  became  brevet 
Lieut.-Colonel  June  4<,  1814;  in  the 
regiment  May  15,1815  ;  Colonel  in  1839; 
and  finally  Major  General,  Jan.  10,  1837. 

Hiiving  been  for  some  years  a  Com-^ 
panion  of  the  Bath,  he  was  advanced  to 
the  grade  of  Knight  Commander  Feb. 
16,  1838. 

He  married  in  1813,  the  daughter  of 
John  Mackensie,  esq.  of  Kincraig,  Ross<b 
shire. 

[The  services  of  Sir  Donald  Maeleod 
will  be  found  more  fully  detailed  in  the 
East  India  Military  Calendar,  4to,  1823, 
vol.  i.  p.  116.] 

Liei7t..Gbn.  Mark  Napier. 

Juljf  26.  At  Newiiigton,  near  Edin. 
burgh,  aged  61,  Lieut.- General  Murk 
Napier. 

He  was  born  Feb.  14,  1779,  the  second 
son  of  Major.  General  the  Hon.  Mark 
Napier,  (fifth  son  of  Francis  fifth  I.ord 
NHpier,)  by  hfs  second  wife  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Alexander  Symson,  of  Co- 
neraig,  co.  Aberdeen. 

He  was  appointed  ensign  in  the  Royals 
in  1793,  Lieutenant  in  the  90th  foot  i3th 
March,  1794*,  Captain  26th  Jan.  1796, 
Major  2d  Aug.  1804,  Lieutenant.  Colonel 
in  the  same  corps  29th  March,  1810,  Co- 
lonel by  brevet  1819,  Major- General 
1830,  and  Lieutenant- Genernl  1841. 

He  was  employed  on  the  coast  of 
France  in  1793  and  1794 ;  and  subse- 
quently served  for  six  years  in  the  Medi- 
terranean, at  Minorca,  in  Egypt,  and  in 
the  West  Indies.  He  commanded  the 
90th  regiment  at  the  capture  of  Guada- 
loupe  in  1810,  for  which  he  bad  the 
honour  of  wearing  a  medal. 

He  was  unmarried. 


Colonel  Ellison. 
JufU  3.     In  his  60tb  year.  Colonel  Ro« 
bert  Ellison,  Major  and  Colonel  of  tbe 
Grenadier  guards. 


Colonel  Ellison  entered  that  regiment 
as  Ensign  Dec.  17,  18f)7,  and  served  at  Ca« 
di2  in  181 1.  He  became  Lieutenant  and 
Captain  Dec.  30, 1812.  He  served  through* 
out  the  Peninsula  war  in  1812,  1819,  and 
1814;  and  at  Quatre  Bras  and  Waterloo 
his  bravery  and  gallantry  gained  the  notice 
of  the  Commander-in-Chief,  and  received 
the  brevet  rank  of  Major,  dated  on  the  day 
of  victory.  He  was  present  at  the  taking  of 
Peronne  on  the  :26th  of  the  same  month. 
He  became  Lieutenant.  Colonel  April  15» 
1824,  and  Major,  with  the  rank  of  Colonel, 
Jan.  9,  1838. 

His  death  occurred  suddenly,  in  Hyde 
Park,  during  a  review,  and  in  the  presence 
of  his  daughter. 

He  married.  May  24,  1820,  the  Hon. 
Mary  Montagu,  sister  to  Lord  Kokeby 
and  to  Mrs.  Goulburn,  the  wife  of  the 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer;  and  by 
whom  he  has  left  a  family. 

Captain  Withers,  R.N. 

July  4.  At  North  Walsham,  Nor- 
folk, aged  73,  Thomas  Withers,  esq. 
Post  Captain  R.N. 

Captain  Withers  entered  the  service  in 
1793,  when  he  had  the  good  fortune  to 
join  the  immortal  Nelson   in  the  Aga- 
memnon, 64,  forming  part  of  Lord  Hood's 
fleet  at  the  occupation  of  Toulon,  and 
which   bore  a  part  in  the   reHuct>oi)  of 
Bastia  and  Calvi.     In  a  boat  affair  during 
this  period  be  was  wounded  in  the  loot, 
and   was  taken    to    the   Austrian   head 
quarters  at  Loano  for  the  extraction  of 
the  ball.     In  another  be  was  taken  pri<* 
soner  by  the  French,  and  was  fortunate 
enough,  three    months  after,  to  be  in- 
cluded in  the  exchange  brought  about  by 
the  generosity  of   Nelson,   in  restoring 
some  private  property  of  Napoleon's  taken 
by  the  Agamemnon.     In  1796,  he  joined 
the  Captain,74,  and  in  the  following  year, 
at  the  memorable  battle  oF  Cape  St.  Vin- 
cent,   had   the  distinguished   honour  of 
commanding  the  division  which  boarded 
the  San  Nicholas,  and  from  that  ship  the 
San  Josef.     He  was  made  Lieutenant  the 
next  day,  and  was  soon  after  appointed 
to   the  Terrible,  74,  under  the  command 
of  Sir  R.  Birkerton,  and  served  during 
the  expedition   against    the   French    in 
Egypt.     At   this  time   he  rendered  an 
important  service,  which  received  a  warm 
public  acknowledgement  from  Sir  Alex* 
ander  Cochrane.    He  had,  while  engaged 
in  a  blockade  of  Fort  Marabout,  occupied 
himself  in  a  survey,  which  enabled  him, 
at  a  critical  juncture,  to  lead  the  British 
squadron  into  port,  when  no  one  else  in 
the  fleet  could  have  done  it,  and  at  a  mo- 
ment when  the  success  of  the  movemp"** 
•f  the  anny  opoa  AlnauKlna»  undei 


436 


Obituary. — Sir  T*  C.  Morgan,  M.D, 


[Oct: 


E.   Coote,  depended  upon  its  co-opera- 
tion. 

In  April  1803,  be  was  appointed  to  the 
command  of  the  Expedition,  44 ;  and  was 
chiefly  engaged  in  the  Mediterranean  till 
1804.  In  1805  he  accepted  employment 
under  the  Transport  Board ;  and  in  that 
arduous  and  harassing  service  he  repeat- 
edly received  the  highest  public  commen. 
dations  from  officers  in  command  in  the 
army  and  navy,  who  had  witnessed  and 
been  benefited  by  his  indefatigable  ex- 
ertions.  Such  was  the  confidence  reposed 
in  him,  that  at  one  time  the  tonnage  of 
the  transports  entrusted  to  him  amounted 
to  no  IcBS  than  50,000  tons. 

In  1809,  post-rank  was  bestowed  on 
Capt.  Withers.  He  was  engaged  in  the 
defence  of  Sicily  in  1810;  and  from  1812 
to  the  termination  of  hostilities  in  1814, 
be  was  chiefly  employed  on  the  east  coast 
of  Spain. 

The  whole  of  Capt.  Withers'  active 
service  embraced  a  period  of  twenty-one 
years.  It  was  characterised  throughout, 
in  the  various  situations  of  trust  which 
be  filled,  by  an  earnest  devotion  to  his  du- 
ties, which  uniformly  procured  him  confi- 
dence and  esteem.  After  his  retirement 
into  private  life,  he  chiefly  resided  in  the 
neighbourhood  where  he  was  born.  With 
the  utmost  kindness  and  gentleness  of  dis- 
position, bis  character  exhibited  the  rare 
union  of  the  most  inflexible  integrity, 
firmness  of  purpose,  and  rectitude  of  con- 
duct.  To  these  qualities  he  added  a  clear 
intellect  and  retentive  memory ;  and  few 
men  were  better  versed  in  all  the  stirring 
events  of  that  great  contest  in  which  he 
had  borne  a  part. 


Sir  T.  C.  Morgan,  M.D. 

Avg,  28.  At  his  residence,  William- 
street,  Lowndes-square,  Sir  Thomas 
Charles  Morgan,  M.D.  Fellow  of  the 
College  of  Physicians;  husband  of  the 
well-known  authoress. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Mor- 
gan,  esq.  of  Charlotte-street,  Bloomsbury. 
He  was  educated  at  Eton  and  the  Char- 
ter-house; entered  St.  Peter's  college, 
Cambridge,  in  his  eighteenth  year ;  was 
distinguished  as  a  Greek  scholar  and  me- 
taphysician ;  and  graduated  M.B.  1804, 
M.D.  1809.  He  married  first  the  eldest 
daughter  of  William  Hammond,  esq.  of 
Queen-square,  by  whom  he  had  one 
daughter ;  and,  secondly,  (on  the  occasion 
of  bis  accompanying  the  Marquess  of 
Abercorn  to  Ireland,)  Miss  Owenson, 
with  whom  he  became  acquainted  at  Ba- 
ron's  Court.  During  twenty  years'  resi- 
dence in  Ireland  he  devoted  much  of  his 
time  and  talents  to  the  cause  of  Catholic 
fSmancipation,  which  be  advocated  in  the 


public  journals  and  many  periodicals  of 
both  countries.  He  was  an  ardent  lover 
of  civil  and  religious  liberty,  and  bis  house, 
both  in  Dublin  and  London,  was  always 
open  to  sufferers  in  that  cause,  from 
whatever  land  they  came.  Though  Fel- 
low of  the  Royal  College  of  Physiciaoi, 
and  living  up  to  the  last  hour  of  bis  exist- - 
ence  with  the  most  eminent  of  his  col- 
leagues, two  of  whom.  Doctors  Chambers 
and  Latham,  attended  him  in  his  short 
and  recent  illness — he  gave  up  profes- 
sional practice  at  an  early  period,  and  de- 
voted himself  exclusively  to  literary  and 
political  pursuits.  He  continued  tbem  to 
the  last.  The  New  Monthly  Magazine 
for  September  contains  one  of  his  pleasant 
contributions,  and  he  wrote  up  to  the  last 
week  of  his  life  in  a  ceWbrated  literary 
Review. 

On  the  coming  in  of  the  Whigs  be  was 
made  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  Irish 
Fisheries,  and  his  reports  were  remarkable 
for  their  cleverness  and  perspicuity.  He 
was  also  the  author  of  two  valuable  works, 
which  have  undergone  translation  in 
French  and  Italian — the  '*  Philosophy  of 
Life,"  and  the  *'  Philosophy  of  Morals.'* 
These  works  were  translated  into  French 
under  the  supervision  of  Count  de  Tracy, 
one  of  the  most  distinguished  roetaphy. 
sicians  of  his  age  and  country.  To  Lady 
Morgan's  books  of  travels  in  France  and 
Italy  Sir  Charles  contributed  the  chapters 
on  law,  medical  science,  and  stadstics; 
and  the  last  joint  publication  of  this  at- 
tached and  devoted  pair  was  the  ''.Book 
without  a  Name," 

**  Sir  Charles  was  a  very  accomplished 
and  justly  popular  member  of  the  refined 
and  intellectual  society  in  which  be  and 
Lady  Morgan  have  mingled  both  abroad 
and  at  home  ;  and  beloved  by  bis  family 
with  an  affection  *  which  time  may  mel- 
low, but  can  never  obliterate.'  A  writer 
of  great  ability,  an  honest  politician,  an 
amiable  and  most  enlightened  man,  he 
has  claims  to  be  long  regretted  by  a 
wide  circle  of  every  class  of  opinion. 
While  his  mind  kept  equal  pace  with 
the  progress  of  liberal  views,  his  tastes 
were  formed  and  resolutely  fixed  in 
what  we  call  the  best  old  school.  He 
was  never  at  a  loss  for  the  witty  or 
wise  passage  from  Rabelais  or  Bayle. 
We  turn  to  his  last  magazine  paper 
—  published  as  we  write  this  —  and  nnd 
it  closed  with  a  quotation  from  the  latter 
writer : — *  Ne  croyez  pas  que  je  me  vante 
de  n'avoir  rien  dit  que  de  vrai :  je  ne  ga- 
rantie  que  mon  intention,  et  non  pas  mon 
ignorance.'  And  truly,  if  anything  but 
the  exactest  truth  ever  fell  from  himself, 
it  was  ignorance,  and  not  intention  that 
betrayed  him.      The    one    roost   rare 


1843.] 


Obituary.*— i?tfu:  James  Tate,  M,A. 


437 


with  liim— -the  other  most  certain,  relia< 
ble,  and  sound." — (Examiner.) 


The  Rev.  James  Tate,  M.A. 

Sept,  2.  At  Clifton,  after  a  few  days* 
illness,  in  his  73d  year,  the  Rev.  James 
Tate,  M.A.  Canon  Residentiary  of  St. 
Paul's,  Vicar  of  Edmonton,  Middlesex ; 
and  formerly  Head  Masterof  the  Gram- 
mar  School  at  Richmond,  in  Yorkshire. 

Mr.  Tate  was  himself  educated  at  that 
school,  and  went  from  thence  to  Sidney. 
Sussex  college,  Cambridge,  where  he  was 
elected  Fellow.  He  graduated  B.  A, 
1794-,  M.A.  1797.  He  was  appointed 
Master  of  Richmond  School  in  179-; 
and  was  there  at  once  one  of  the  most 
successful  and  one  of  the  most  popular 
of  all  who  have  attempted  that  arduous 
office.  He  had  an  extraordinary  skill  in 
winning  the  attachment  of  his  scholars, 
and  bow  deservedly,  may  be  gathered 
from  the  following  tribute  from  the  pen 
of  one  of  them,  which  we  extract  from 
the  Tiroes  newspaper  : 

"One  of  the  first  acts  of  Earl  Grey's 
Administration  was  to  present  Mr.  Tate, 
who  had  always  advocated  Whig  principles, 
to  one  of  the  canonries  of  St.  Paul's  Ca- 
thedral, not  as  a  recompense  for  any  poli- 
tical  obsequiousness  or  sycophancy  —  for 
no  man  ever  thought,  spok^,  or  acted  with 
more  independence,  or  with  a  greater  or 
sterner  love  of  tnith — but  as  a  well- 
deserved  reward  for  the  distinguished 
zeal,  ability,  and  success  with  which, 
during  a  period  of  more  than  SO  years,  he 
had  presided  over  the  Grammar  School 
at  Richmond,  in  Yorkshire  ;  at  which  he 
had  himself  been  educated,  and  from 
which  he  had  been  sent  to  the  University 
of  Cambridge.  The  appointment  gave 
universal  satisfaction  at  the  time  ;  for  it 
appeared  only  just  that  he,  who  had  so 
long  and  diligently  laboured  in  his  useful 
and  honourable  vocation  for  the  benefit 
of  the  State,  should  receive  from  the 
State  some  public  provision  for  his  de- 
dining  age,  as  a  recognition  of  his  merits, 
and  of  the  many  virtues  of  which  his 
character  was  composed.  How  worthily 
he  discharged  the  duties  of  the  sacred 
office  in  the  Church  to  which  he  was  then 
elevated,  is  best  known  to  those  who 
witnessed  the  constant  and  unremitted 
attention  with  which  he  applied  himself 
to  bis  awful  charge  as  a  minster  of  eternal 
truth,  not  only  in  the  metropolitan  church 
of  St.  Paul,  but  also  in  the  parish  church 
of  Edmonton,  of  which,  by  virtue  of  his 
canonry,  be  also  became  the  incumbent. 
His  mode  of  communicating  religious  in- 
struction  from  the  pulpit  was  characterised 
by  that  mild  and  simple,  yet  eloquent  and 
enectual  style  of  persuAsion,  which  he 


bad  found  so  useful  in  communicating' 
secular  instruction  to  the  young  persons 
whom  he  had  trained,  with  almost  parental 
care,  to  learning  and  virtue.  How  nobly 
they  benefited  by  it,  tlfe  records  of  both 
Universities,  but  more  especially  those  of 
the  University  of  Cambridge,  have  long 
borne  ample  testimony.  They  show  that, 
as  a  teacher  of  classical  learning,  none  of 
his  contemporaries  were  more  successful, 
and  that  few  were  even  so  successful,  as 
the  plain  country  schoolmaster,  to  whose 
residence  in  the  remote  province  of  Estre- 
madura — as  he  used  playfully  to  call  his 
own  native  Richmondshire — pupils  were 
attracted  from  almost  every  part  of  the 
United  Kingdom.  And  no  wonder ;  for 
the  task  of  education,  which  many  pre- 
ceptors perform  as  a  mere  matter  of  irk- 
some duty  and  of  wearisome  and  de- 
pressing toil,  was  to  him  a  mere  matter 
of  delight,  and  almost  a  labour  of  love. 
He  bad  the  singular  knack  of  inspiring 
others  with  that  passion  for  learning  by 
which  he  was  himself  animated,  and  of 
smoothing  the  pathway  to  knowledge 
until  it  appeared  neither  harsh  nor  crabbed 
even  to  those  who  were  most  unwilling 
to  make  their  first  steps  upon  it.  He 
was  a  most  exquisite  and  discriminating 
judge  of  the  exact  amount  of  inform- 
ation which  the  young  mind  could  imbibe 
at  one  draught,  and  therefore  never  ran 
the  risk  of  nauseating  it  by  administering 
doses  beyond  its  capacity  to  retain  with 
advantage.  It  was  his  constant  endea- 
vour, and  one  which  was  crowned  with 
complete  success,  to  impress  upon  tbe 
minds  of  bis  pupils  principles  of  the  most 
rigid  accuracy.  But  partially  acquainted 
himself  with  the  most  exact  of  sciences, 
he  had  witnessed  tbe  beneficial  effects 
which  mathematical  studies  produce  upon 
the  well-trained  intellect;  and  be  laboured 
diligently  to  transfer  these  advantages  to 
the  classical  studies  of  his  own  pupils. 
To  this  may  be  attributed  tbe  aptitude  of 
mind  displayed  by  tbe  Richmond  boys  for 
the  severe  abstractions  of  Cambridge 
reading,  and  I  heir  proficiency  in  a  science 
with  the  elements  of  which  they  were 
comparatively  unacquainted  on  their  en- 
trance into  the  University.  But  though 
ignorant  of  tbe  language  of  symbols,  they 
had  learned  from  their  master  the  invalu- 
able lesson  of  patient  thought,  inferior 
to  other  scholars  in  the  more  pleasing 
graces  of  Latin  composition,  they  excelled 
all  in  their  thorough  acquaintance  with 
the  philosophical  principles  and  gram- 
matical niceties  of  language.  Thucydides 
and  Horace — ^grammar  and  chronology — 
had,  under  Mr.  Tate's  guidance,  effected 
for  them  what  Newton  and  Euler — 
geometry  and  unalysis — effect  for  others, 


438 


Obituary.— /?^v.  Jamee  Tatij  M.A, 


tOd. 


He  bad  the  strongest  aversion  to  corporal 
punishments,  from  a  conviction,  which 
he  often  expressed,  that  stripes  were  un^ 
availing  to  ameliorate  the  lad  who  could 
nut  be  excited  either  by  well-timed  en- 
couragement or  by  well-timed  reproof  to 
industry  and  improvement.  He  seldortl 
or  ever  found  any  difficulty  in  **  the 
management  of  tyroes  of  18/'  which 
Cowper  in  his  Tyrocinium  declares  to  be 
so  full  of  difficulty  ;  for  his  indulgent 
gentleness  made  them  consider  him  as 

"  A  father,  friend,  and  tutor,  all  in  oue.*^ 

Even  when  it  became  necessary  to  ad- 
minister  to  them  *<  the  bitter  absinth*'  of 
rebuke,  he  always  smeared  the  rim  of  the 
goblet  in  which  he  tendered  it  to  their 
lips  with  the  sweet  flavour  of  honeyed 
kindness.  Like  his  own  favourite  Horace— 

'<  He  raised  a  blush,  where  secret  vice  he 

found, 
And  tickled,  while  he  gently  prob*d  the  wound  ; 
With  seeming  innocence  the  boy  bcguilM, 
But    made  the  deadliest  passes   while  he 

smird." 

In  his  most  angry  moments-^and  what 
schoolmaster  can  always  command  his 
temper  ? — there  was  none  of  that  austere 
and  gloomy  ferocity  in  his  look,  which  so 
often  engenders  in  youth  a  feeling  of 
hatred  towards  their  instructors  {  whilst, 
on  the  other  hand,  in  his  roost  sportive 
moments — and  he  often  enlivened  with  a 
jest  the  most  incomprehensible  choruses 
in  JSschylus,  and  the  most  abstruse  pas- 
sages  in  Tacitus  and  Thurydides—- he  pre- 
served that  placid  air  of  dignified  au« 
thority  which  is  the  best  antidote  against 
contemptuous  familiarity.  Those  pupils 
in  whom  he  observed  a  combiuHtion  of 
genius,  and  talent,  and  industry,  he  che- 
rished as  the  apple  of  his  eye,  labouring 
with  them  in  school  and  out  of  school,  in 
season  and  out  of  season — most  readily 
refiponding  to  all  their  inquiries,  and  even 
voluntarily  suggesting  them,  when  shame 
or  diffidence,  or  some  other  cause,  too 
trifling  to  deserve  a  distinct  name,  kept 
the  young  novice  silent.  In  his  earlier 
days  he  made  them  the  constant  com- 
panions of  his  walks  during  his  leisure 
hours,  thus  winning  their  youthful  afiec. 
tion  by  the  constant  affection  he  evinced 
towards  them  ;  and  many  of  them  now 
living  can  bear  testimony  to  the  value  of 
the  vwd  voce  lectures  which  they  received 
and  of  the  vivd  voce  examinations  which 
they  underwent,  as  they  threaded  their 
way  together  (*'  cantantes  ut  eamue^'**  as 
he  used  to  say)  through  the  delightful 
woods  and  Walks  of  Easby.  This  is  not 
the  place  nor  the  time  to  enter  further 
into  the  details  of  a  system  which  com- 
municated and  recommended  knowledge 


at  every  stage — which  turned  so  numj  of 
the  alumni  of  Richmond  Scbo<^  intd 
scholars,  fellows,  and  tutors  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge,  and  whith  has 
raised  some,  and  in  due  time  maj^  raise 
others,  into  worthy  Ornaments  of  all  tht 
learned  professions  of  their  Country.  Suf-' 
fice  it  to  say,  that  the  principle  of  feaf 
was  one  which  he  sedulously  banished 
from  his  plan  of  eddcation,  and  that  bia 
constant  object  Was  to  establish  the  prin- 
ciple of  honest  and  honourable  ettiuhition 
in  its  itead.  Eariy  in  life,  he  bad  solVMl 
to  his  own  satisfaction  the  problem,  which 
Roger  Ascham  propounded  nearlv  dOO 
years  ago  to  the  schoolmasters  of  his  day, 
and  had  decided  that  the  schoolhouse 
ought  to  be,  not  a  house  of  bondage  and 
of  terror,  but  a  house  of  play  and  of  plea* 
sure.  As  in  the  model  school  of  Quine- 
tilian,  so  in  that  of  Mr.  Tate,  •'  profuiC 
alicujus  objurgate  desidia,  profnit  laudata 
Industrie;  excitabatnr  laude  emulatio; 
turpe  ducebatur  cedere  pari,— -pulchrum 
superare  majores.**  Any  preceptor 
acting  upon  such  principles,  and  dispens- 
ing, as  he  did,  vast  stores  of  erudition  out 
of  his  capacious  mind,  with  a  prodigality 
disdaining  all  fear  of  exhaustion,  and  with 
a  felicity  of  illustration  and  a  distinctness 
of  language  rendering  all  mistake  of  his 
meaning  quite  imposeiblfr'*-is  certain  to 
be  esteemed,  regarded,  loved,—- nay,  tbeso 
are  cold  words,  and  we  will  therefore  iadd, 
is  certain  to  be  venerated  and  idolised  by 
his  scholars,  especially  if,  like  Mr.  Tate, 
he  identifies  himself  with  their  interestt 
and  exerts  every  energy  of  his  soul  to  pro 
mote  their  welfare.'* 

Mr.  Tate  was  not  an  extensive  author, 
but,  after  mature  and  deliberate  considera- 
tion, he  published  some  of  the  results  of 
his  critical  experience  which  were  highly 
esteemed.  He  was  the  editor  of  two 
excellent  editions  of  Horace,  which  ho 
entitled  «  Horatius  Restitutus,**  and  ho 
also  published — 

Greek  Tragic  and  Comic  Metres,  fte., 
with  treatises  on  the  Sapphic  stanza  and 
the  Elegiac  distich.     Four  editions. 

Richmond  Rules  for  the  Ovidisn 
distich. 

The  Glasgow  Greek  Grammar.  Sixth 
edition. 

Dalzel's  Collectanea  Gr«ea  Majora, 
Vol.  II.,  complectens  Excerptaex  Variis 
Poetis.  Editio  septima.  1830.  The 
text  of  this  edition  was  mueh  improved, 
particularly  in  the  CBdipos  Tyrannus, 
which  is  given  entire  from  the  last  re- 
cension of  the  late  Dr.  Elmsley.  In  the 
selections  from  Sappho  and  C«Uimachus, 
the  text  of  Bishop  Blomfield  was  used. 
The  notes  were  carefully  revised,  and 
received  considerable  admtions  from  tilt 


1843.] 


Cler^  Deceased. 


439 


Editor.  The  first  volume  of  tbe  same 
work  was  edited  by  the  Rev,  Thomas 
Kidd,  Master  of  Wymondhara  school, 
and  the  third  by  Professor  Dunbar. 

Letters  on  the  Analogia  Linguae 
Gmcae,  &c.  which  first  appeared  in  the 
Geniieman*s  Magazine  for  1832;  re- 
printed, with  a  Preface,  1843. 

Continuous  History  of  St.  Paul,  with 
Dr.  Paley*s  Horse  Paulinse  subjoined. 

Mr.  Tate  had  several  sons,  of  whom 
the  eldest,  the  Rev.  James  Tate,  M.A. 
succeeded  his  father  in  tbe  mastership  of 
Richmond  school,  and  was  in  1838  pre- 
sented by  the  Queen  to  the  vicarage  of 
Easby  near  Richmond.  He  has  since 
resigned  both  those  preferments,  and  is 
now  Rector  of  Marske  and  Perpetual 
Curate  of  Downholme,  both  in  Yorkshire. 
The  Rev.  Francis  Tate  is  Vicar  of 
Charing,  Kent,  from  his  father's  patron- 
age as  Canon  of  St.  Paul's  ;  and  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Tate  was  formerly  Curate  of 
St.  John*s  Stanwick,  in  the  Mortb 
Riding  of  Yorkshire. 

CHARLE8  Macintosh,  Esq.,  F.R.S. 

Lately,  Charles  Macintosh, Esq. F.R.S. 
of  Duucbattan  and  Campsie,  near  Glas. 
gow. 

At  an  early  period  of  his  life  be  dis. 
tinguished  himself  as  a  chemist,  and  be- 
came the  friend  and  correspondent  of 
many  of  the  most  celebrated  men  of  the 
day.  His  successful  practical  application 
of  scientific  principles  to  tbe  manufacture 
of  various  ingredients  used  in  the  process 
of  dyeing,  printing,  and  bleaching  is 
known  to  the  whole  mercantile  world ; 
and  the  large  works  which  he  carried  on 
for  these  purposes  at  Hurlet,  Campsie  and 
Dunchattan  have  long  been  ol^ects  of  in<* 
terest  to  strangers  visiting  Glasgow.  The 
discovery  of  a  cloth  impervious  to  wet^ 
with  various  other  beautiful  and  ingenious 
contrivances,  for  some  of  which  patents 
were  taken,  justly  extended  bis  celebrity, 
and  secured  to  bim  a  Fellowship  in  the 
Royal  Society.  His  extensive  informa- 
tion,  large  fund  of  anecdote,  and  general 
powers  of  conversation,  rendered  bim  a 
most  agreeable  social  companion. 

CLERGY  DECEASED. 

March  19.  In  New  Zealand,  the  Rev. 
Thomaa  Whitehead,  M.A.  Cbaphuii  to 
tbe  Bishop  of  New  Zealand. 

July  4>.  At  Rose  Hill,  near  Cardigan, 
aged  67,  the  Rev.  David  Janest  M.A. 
Rector  of  Cilgerran,  co.  Pembroke.  He 
was  of  St.  Edmund  ball,  Oxford,  M.A. 
1799;  and  was  presented  to  his  living  in 
1806  by  the  Lord  CbaacellQr. 

July  10.  At  Dawlish,  Devonshire, 
aged  72,  tbf  Rev.  Tkon^Deaeh,  Reptor 


of  Uphill,  Somersetshire.  He  was  of 
Lincoln  college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1796; 
and  was  instituted  to  Uphill  in  1795. 

July  17.  At  Raisbeck,  Westmorland, 
aged  57,  the  Rev.  Robert  Bowness,  for- 
merly Curate  of  Poulton  le  Fylde,  Lan. 
cashire. 

At  Aspley,  Bedfordshire,  aged  71, 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Farmer,  M.  A.  Rector 
of  that  parish.  He  was  of  Emanuel  col- 
lege,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1794,  as  11th 
Senior  Optime,  M.A.  1797;  and  was 
presented  to  Aspley  in  1813  by  the  Duke 
of  Bedford. 

July  23.  At  Laneham,  Nottingham, 
shire,  aged  52,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Galland, 
Vicar  of  that  parish,  to  which  he  was  ap. 
pointed  in  April  1842.  He  was  of 
Queeti*s  c  Uege,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1815, 
M.A.  1818. 

The  Rev.  Maurice  Huyhee,  for  forty* 
five  years  Curate  of  Capel  Curig  and  Dol- 
wydd  Elain. 

At  Garthmeilio,  Denbighshire,  the  seat 
of  Charles  Wynne,  esq.  the  Rev.  John 
LyneSf  Perpetual  Curate  of  Hatton  near 
Warwick,  and  formerly  Rector  of  Elm* 
ley  Lovett,  Worcestershire.  He  was  the 
son  of  Mr.  Lynes,  of  Kirkby  Mai  lory, 
in  Leicestershire,  a  respectable  yeoman, 
patronized  by  tbe  late  Lord  Wentworth. 
As  a  young  man  he  bad  a  ready  pencil, 
and  some  plates  of  Mr.  Nichols's  History 
of  Leicestershire  were  engraved  from  bis 
drawings.  He  also  contributed  some  arti- 
cles to  our  Magazine,  of  which  we  remem- 
ber views  of  Cod  ham  Hill  and  Little  Sa*. 
ling  church,  in  Essex,  in  1811.  In  1812 
he  took  the  degree  of  LL.B.  at  Trinity 
ball,  Cambridge;  and  in  1823  he  was 
instituted  to  the  rectory  of  Elmley  Lovett, 
which  was  in  his  own  patronage.  In  1822 
he  married  Caroline*  Sobieski,  daughter  of 
John  Wynne,  esq.  of  Garthmeilio,  co. 
Denbigh,  by  Sarah-Anne,  only  surviving 
child  of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Samuel  Parr, 
to  whose  fortune  Mr.  Lynes  succeeded, 
and  superintended  the  publication  of  tbe 
Doctor's  Life  and  Works,  in  8  volumes, 
8vo.  1828.  Mr.  Lynes  resigned  the  rec- 
tory of  Elmley  Lovett  in  1835,  and  was 
shortly  after  instituted  to  the  Perpetual 
Curacy  of  Hattop,  formerly  held  by  Dr. 
Parr.  In  Aug.  1838,  the  Bishops  of 
Durham  and  Lichfield  (Maltby  and  But- 
ler) stood  sponsors  in  Hatton  church  to 
Mr.  Lynes's  son,  tbe  great-grandson  of 
their  ancient  friend,  together  with  Mrs. 
Johnston,  the  widow  of  his  biographer. 
The  latter  was  represented  by  Mrs. 
Maltby;  tbe  two  Prelates  were  personally 
present. 

July2/h,  At  Firbank,  Westmorland, 
at  an  advanced  age,  the  Rev.  John  Garm 
«#!/,  for  tbirty-tfiree  yean  Perpetual  Qu* 


440 


Obituary. 


[Oct. 


rate  of  that  place>  in  the  parish  of  Kirkby 
Lonsdale. 

July  25.  At  Bolton  Abbey,  York- 
shire, aged  80,  the  Rev,  William  Carr, 
for  fifty-four  years  incumbent  of  that  pa- 
rish, and  Rector  of  Ash  ton  Terrold, 
Berkshire.  He  was  of  Magdalen  col- 
lege, Oxford,  M.A.  1788,  B.D.  1795: 
was  presented  to  the  chapelry  of  Bolton 
Abbey  in  1 789  by  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire, and  to  Ashton  Terrold  in  1803  by 
his  college. 

At  Hill  house,  West  Morchard,  De- 
vonshire, aged  73,  the  Rev.  Peter  Co- 
myns  Tucker^  Rector  of  Washford  Pyne, 
in  that  county.  He  was  formerly  Fellow 
of  Sidney- Sussex  college,  Cambridge, 
where  he  graduated  B.A.  1793,  as  3d 
Junior  Optime,  M.A.  1796;  and  was 
presented  to  his  living  in  the  latter  year 
by  Wm.  Comyns,  esq. 

July  26.  At  Sadborow  house.  Thorn, 
combe,  Devonshire,  aged  50,  the  Rev. 
Champness  Pleydell  Bragge,  Rector  of 
West  Chelborough,  and  Perpetual  Curate 
of  Walditch.  He  was  son  of  the  late  John 
Bragge,  esq.  of  Jesus  college,  Cambridge, 
LL.B.  1820;  was  presented  to  both 
his  livings  in  182:^  by  his  father,  who  also 
presented  him  in  Nov.  1839  to  the  rectory 
of  Cbilton  Cantelo,  Somersetshire. 

July  2^.  At  Malvern  Wells,  aged  24, 
the  Rev.  Edward  Llewellyn  Howell,  B.A. 
Curate  of  Little  Malvern  and  Berrow. 

July  29.  At  Hale  house,  Hants,  aged 
24,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Goff^  second  son  of 
Joseph  Goff,  esq. 

July  31.  The  Rev.  Joseph  Barnes, 
Curate  of  Castle  Sowerby,  Cumberland. 

Aug,  1.  At  Shrewsbury,  the  Rev. 
Robert  M.  Dukes,  M.A.  Michel  Fellow 
of  Queen* 8  college,  Oxford. 

Aug,  3.  At  Sevenoaks,  in  his  40th 
year,  the  Rev.  James  Lloyd  Wallace, 
M.A.  Master  of  Queen  Elizabeth's 
Grammar  School  in  that  town. 

Aug,  7.  On  board  her  Majesty's 
packet  Forth,  on  his  passage  home  from 
Grenada,  aged  27,  the  Key,  William  Rot- 
botham,  late  Curate  of  Stillorgan. 


DEATHS. 

LONDON    AND    ITS    VICINITY. 

July  3.  Aged  35,  Lieut.- Col.  David 
Lynar  Fawcett,  C.B.  Lieut.»Col.  of  the 
55th  Foot.  He  was  wounded  in  a  duel 
fought  on  the  1st  July  at  Camden  Town, 
with  Lieut,  and  Adjutant  Munro,  of  the 
Royal  Horse  Guards  Blue.  This  melan- 
choly event  is  rendered  still  more  lament- 
able by  the  circumstance  that  the  parties 
had  married  sisters :  Lieut. -Col.  Fawcett 
hat  left  a  widow  and  daughter.  He  had 
13 


lately  returned  from  China,  and  the  origin 
of  his  fatal  dispute  is  said  to  have  been 
the  conduct  of  his  pecuniary  affairs  dm*- 
ing  his  absence. 

Aug,  5.  Aged  39,  James  Dyer,  esq. 
formerly  Editor  of  the  '*  Manchester 
Courier,"  and  lately  of  the  **  Oxford 
Herald." 

Aug.  6.  At  Kennington,  aged  63, 
Ann,  wife  of  William  Marks,  esq.  Col- 
lector of  Excise,  Norwich. 

Aug,  15.  At  Upper  Tooting,  Ralph 
Fenwick,  esq.  of  Haling  Park,  Croydon. 

At  Hampstead,  aged  76,  Robert  Bake- 
well,  esq.  author  of  "  The  Introduction  to 
Geology.*' 

In  Devonshire-pl.  Old  Kent-road,  aged 
62,  Mrs.  Yates. 

Aug.  16.  In  Stratford-pl.  aged  74,  the 
Rt.  Hon.  Anne,  dowager  Lady  EUenbo- 
rough,  widow  of  Lord  Ellenborough,  Lord 
Chief  Justice  of  the  King's  Bench.  She 
was  dau.  of  George  Philips  Towry,  esq. 
married  Lord  Ellenborough  Oct.  17, 17B9, 
and  was  left  his  widow  in  Dec.  1818. 
They  had  a  family  of  13  children,  nine  of 
whom  are  living  ;  namely,  Lord  Ellenbo- 
rough, Governor-Gen.  of  India ;  the  Rt. 
Hon.  Charles  E.  Law,  M.P.  Recorder  of 
the  City  of  London ;  the  Hon.  Mary,  mar* 
ried  to  Lt.-Col.  Dynely,  C.B. ;  the  Hon. 
Elizabeth,  Lady  Colchester;  the  Hon. 
Anne,  Lady  Colville;  the  Hon.  Henry 
Spencer  Law;  the  Hon.  Frederica,  mar- 
ried to  Mr.  H.  J.  Ramsden ;  the  Hon..and 
Rev.  W.  Towry  Law,  Chancellor  of  the 
diocese  of  Wells  ;  and  the  Hon.  Frances, 
Lady  Dallas. 

In  Cumberland-st.  Portman-sq.  Sarah^ 
wife  of  Thomas  Jekyll  Rawson,  esq. 

At  Camberwell,  aged  77 »  Mary,  wife  of 
Josiah  Roberts,  esq. 

At  Clapham,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  the 
late  G.  H.  Copland,  esq. 

Aug,  18.  In  Grosvenor-sq.  aged  32, 
the  Right  Hon.  John-RoUe  Ponlett,  Vis- 
count Hinton,  eldest  son  and  heir  of' the 
Right  Hon.  Earl  Poulett,  of  Hinton  St. 
George,  Somerset.  He  was  an  ofScer  in 
the  Grenadier  Guards,  which  he  entered 
in  Dec.  1840. 

Aug.  20.  At  Hackney,  aged  83,  Isaac 
Robson,  esq. 

At  Kennmgton,  Mary*Anu,  wife  of 
Commander  Grant  Allan,  R.N. 

Aug.  21.  Margaret,  wife  of  James 
Hunter,  esq.  of  Compton-terr.  Islington. 

Aug,  22.  William  Patten,  esq.  of  How- 
land-st.  Fitzroy-sq. 

Aged  51,  Robert  Herring  Farmer,  esq. 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Lieut. -Gen.  Farmer, 
R.M. 

At  Camden  Town,  aged  Q^,  William, 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Thomas  Bund, 
esq,  Upper  Wick,  near  Worcester. 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


441 


^ug,  23.  At  Lady  Woolmore's,  Bru- 
ton -St.  Catharine,  second  dau.  of  the  late 
Samuel  Flanrey,  esq. 

In  New  Grove,  Mile  End,  aged  18, 
Henry,  eldest  child  of  Henry  Mills,  esq. 
of  the  East  India  House. 

Aug,  ^4.  Aged  26,  Emily,  youngest 
dau.  of  Samuel  Webb,  esq.  of  the  Board 
of  Trade,  Whitehall. 

Aug.  25.  In  Piccadilly,  Dugald  La- 
mont,  esq.  Assistant  Staff  Surgeon. 

Aug.  26.  In  Park-st.  Grosvenor-sq. 
the  Hon.  Mrs.  Charles  Howard. 

Aug.  27.  At  Dorset-pl.  Francis  Ellis, 
esq.  eldest  surviving  son  of  the  late  Francis 
Ellis,  esq.  of  Bath. 

At  Maida  Vale,  Isabella,  relict  of  Capt. 
John  Maclean,  formerly  of  Cornaig,  Ar- 
gyleshire. 

Aug.  28.  In  Camberwell  Grove,  aged 
61,  Iliomas  Kingsley,  esq. 

In  Hartland-terr.  Kentish  Town,  aged 
63,  Sophia,  relict  of  J.  T.  Dodd,  esq. 

Aug.  29.  At  his  residence  at  Wands- 
worth, Richard  Piatt,  esq.  At  the  riots 
of  1816,  when  the  house  of  Mr.  Beck- 
with,  gunsmith,  of  Snow  Hill,  was  at- 
tacked, he  was  in  the  shop,  endeavouring 
to  protect  the  property,  and  received  a 
ball  in  the  side  ;  for  which,  Cashman,  the 
presumed  ringleader,  underwent  the  ex- 
treme penalty  of  the  law  opposite  to  the 
spot  where  the  crime  was  committed. 
His  life  was  for  a  considerable  time  de- 
spaired of,  and  the  bullet  was  not  ex- 
tracted until  after  the  lapse  of  many  years. 
He  was  married  to  the  only  dau.  of  Mr. 
Theobald,  hosier,  of  Skinner-st.  who  sur- 
vives. 

In  Wilton-street,  Helen-Mary,  wife  of 
Godfrey  Lee  Farrant,  esq.  of  the  Bombay 
Civil  Service. 

At  Turnham  Green,  Mrs.  Graham,  re- 
lict of  Mr.  John  Graham,  formerly  of  St. 
PUuPs  Churchyard. 

Aug.  30.  At  Camden  Town,  aged  80, 
Ann,  relict  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Hill. 

Aged  68,  Thomas  Bache,  esq.  of  Cliff 
House,  Warwick,  formerly  an  extensive 
canal  carrier  at  Coventry. 

Aug  31.  At  Kensington,  aged  72,  Col. 
Edward  Hill,  formerly  Col.  of  the  Battle 
Axe  Guards. 

Lately.  At  Twickenham,  James  Da- 
vies,  esq. 

Sept,  1.  At  Camberwell,  aged  29, 
Eliza,  only  dau.  of  Joseph  Green,  esq. 

Sept.  2.  At  St.  John's,  Fulham,  aged 
82,  the  widow  of  John  Rogers,  esq.  of 
Sidmouth. 

Sept.  3,  At  Turnham  Green,  aged  81, 
Miss  Collet. 

Sept.  4.  At  Islington,  Mary,  widow 
of  John  Whinfield,  esq.  of  Gateshead, 
Durham. 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


Sept.  5.  Aged  13,  John-Hamman, 
eldest  son  of  Edward  Gandell,  esq.  of 
Clapham  Common,  and  grandson  of  the 
late  John  Hamman,  esq. 

Sept.  6.  In  Argyll-st.  aged  66f  Major 
William  Richards,  of  the  Bengal  Art. 

Sept.  7.     At  South   Lambeth,  Jane- 
Hester,  relict  of  Capt.  M.  Halliday,  R.N. 
Sept.  8.  At  Greenwich,  Mrs.  Bicknell; 
widow  of  John  Bicknell,  esq.  Barrister- 
at- Law. 

In  Park-st.  Blanche-Eleanor,  infant 
dau.  of  Lord  Robert  Grosvenor. 

Madalene,  dau.  of  James  Bischoff,  esq. 
of  Highbury-terr. 

Sept.  9.  In  Cadogan-pl.  Mary-Mar- 
garetta,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
Edward  Hawtrey,  Fellow  of  Eton  Col- 
lege. 

Sept.  10.  At  Upper  Norland  House, 
Kensington  Gravel  Pits,  aged  22,  John 
Edward  King,  esq. 

Sept.  11.  At  Highbury,  aged  72,  John 
Sykes,  esq. 

Sept.  12.  Aged  73,  James  Neale,  esq. 
of  Wobum-place. 

In  Bloomsbury-sq.  aged  9,  Charles- 
Norris,  fourth  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  Edwards, 
M.A.,  Second  Master  of  King's  College, 
London. 

In  Maddox-st.  aged  58,  William  Brad- 
ney  Pershouse,  esq.  of  Leamington,  for- 
merly of  Penn  HaU,  Staffordsh. 

Sept.  14.  Charlotte,  wife  of  David 
Allan,  esq.  of  Islington. 

At  Chelsea,  aged  16,  Emma,  only  dau. 
of  Henry  Burnell,  esq. 

At  Croydon,  Hannah,  wife  of  Edward 
Davies,  esq.  of  Snowfield  House,  Mont- 
gomery sh. 

Sept.  17.  In  Nottingham-pl.  aged  79, 
Jane,  widow  of  Joseph  Bonsor,  esq.  of 
Polesden,  Surrey,  and  of  Salisbury-sq. 

John  Clews,  esq.  of  Craig*s-court,  son 
of  the  late  John  Clews,  esq.  of  Newcastle, 
Staffordsh. 

In  Great  George-st.  Westminster,  aged 
83,  Mary,  relict  of  James  Thompson,  esq. 
of  Parson's  Green. 

At  Clapham,  Ann,  widow  of  Joseph 
Petty  Toulmin,  esq. 


Beds. — Aug.  16.  At  Ampthill,  aged 
22,  Jane  Phoebe  Murray,  wife  of  Thomas 
Chapman,  esq.  jun. 

Berks.— Aug.  16.  At  Wokingham, 
aged  75,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  John  White, 
esq. 

BVCK9.— Aug.  30.  At  High  Wycombe, 
aged  78,  Mrs.  Saunders,  of  Hammer- 
smith-terrace. 

Sept.  6.  At  Gerrard's  Cross,  John 
Wardell,  esq.  of  Allsop-ter.  tlegent's 
Park. 

3L 


442 


Obituary. 


Cambridge. — Aug,  19.  At  Chatteris, 
Sarah,  wife  of  John  Fryer,  esq. 

Cornwall. —  Lately.  At  Redruth, 
aged  68,  retired  Commander  Charles  Ben- 
nett, R.N.  (1840). 

Sept,  10.  At  Pentillie  Castle,  aged  70, 
John  T.  Cory  ton,  esq. 

Devon. — /iug,  12.  At  Totnes,  aged 
30,  Mary,  wife  of  Theodore  Bryett,  esq. 
solicitor. 

Aug,  14.  At  Great  Torrington,  Har- 
riet, wife  of  William  Lea,  esq.  h.  p.  20th 
Dragoons,  Capt.  and  Adjutant  to  the 
North  Devon  Yeomanry,  and  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Joseph  Mortimer,  esq.  of 
Trowbridge,  Wilts. 

Aug.  16.  While  bathing  in  the  Teign, 
George-Gordon,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Mortimer,  Head  Master  of  the  City 
of  London  School. 

Aug.  18.  At  Pilton,  near  Barnstaple, 
at  an  advanced  age.  Miss  Hill,  dau.  of  the 
late  Rev.  Mr.  Hill,  "Vicar  of  Tawstock, 
and  aunt  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hill,  the  pre* 
sent  Vicar  of  Fremington. 

Aug.  20.  At  Barnstaple,  aged  84,  Mrs. 
Cornish,  mother  of  T.  H.  Cornish,  esq. 
barrister- at-law,  and  of  C.  Cornish,  esq. 
of  the  Customs,  Ilfracombe. 

Aug,  22.  At  Stonehouse,  aged  90, 
Mrs.  Cowlin,  relict  of  Wm.  Cowlin,  esq. 
R.N. 

Aug.  25.  At  Plymouth,  Mrs.  Miller, 
wife  of  Lieut.  Gavin  Miller,  of  the  Derby 
Militia. 

Aug,  26.  At  Plymouth,  aged  78, 
Thomas  Coxworthy,  esq. 

^ug,  28.  At  Plymouth,  aged  56,  Mrs. 
Frances  Layborn,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Christopher  Ogle  Harrison,  esq.  of  Flam- 
bro\  and  wife  of  Jonathan  Layborn,  esq. 
Wold  Cottage,  East  Riding  York- 
shire. 

Sept.  1.  At  Topsham,  aged  92,  the 
widow  of  Capt.  Daniel  FoUiott,  R.N. 

Sept  3.  At  Devonport,  aged  73,  Jane, 
wife  of  Richard  Derry,  esq. 

Sept.  7,  At  Topsham,  aged  75,  Mary, 
relict  of  Capt.  Mudge,  of  the  Packet 
Service,  Falmouth. 

Sept.  9.  At  the  rectory.  Zeal  Mona- 
chorum,  aged  77,  Anna,  widow  of  John 
Cooper,  esq.  of  Sonning,  Berks. 

S^t.  11.  At  St.  Leonardos  Lawn, 
near  Exeter,  aged  38,  Arthur  Abbott,  esq. 

Dorset. — Aug.  11.  Aged  44,  Anne, 
wife  of  Samuel  S.  Keddle,  esq.  M.D. 
Bridport. 

Aug,  19.  At  Lulworth  Castle,  aged  3, 
Edward,  eldest  son  of  Edward  Weld,  esq. 
j\nd  grandson  of  Sir  E.  Bourchier  Wrey, 
Bart,  of  Tawstock  Court,  Devon. 

Aug,  22.  At  the  house  of  his  son-in- 
law,  H.  Lees,  esq.  M.D.,  Blandford,  aged 
85.  John  Phythian,  esq.  M.D. 


[Oct; 

Aug,  26.  At  South  Down  Cottage, 
near  Weymouth,  Thomas  Billett,  esq. 

Aug.  27.  Aged  71,  Anna  Susanna, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Philip  Rideout, 
formerly  Rector  of  Farnham,  Dorset. 

Aug.  30.  At  Lyme  Regis,  aged  23, 
J.  Jacques  de  Bruen,  esq.  His  death  was 
caused  by  falling  from  the  cliff,  a  depth  of 
200  feet,  whilst  proceeding  on  horsebacki 
at  a  rapid  pace,  to  view  the  royal  yacht 
enter  the  harbour  for  the  purpose  of  Her 
Majesty  inspecting  the  landslip.  He  wat 
a  wealthy  merchant  of  Holland. 

Essex. — Aug,  14.  Aged  43,  Eliza* 
beth,  wife  of  John  Kynaston,  esq.  of  thd 
Rookery,  Ilford. 

Aug,  17.  At  JVfield,  aged  59,  William 
Bridges,  esq.  of  Cobom-i^.  Bow,  aod 
Friday- st.  Cheapside. 

Aug,  26.  At  Harwood  Hall,  Upmins- 
ter,  aged  24,  Lindsey  Zachariah  Cox,  esq. 
late  of  the  Carabiniers. 

Sept,  7.  At  Fairkytes,  Homchn^rohj 
aged  62,  Thomas  Wedlake,  esq. 

Sept.  9.  At  Sutton  Gate,  Hornchurchj 
aged  49,  Charles  Clarke,  esq.  son  of  R.  H* 
Clarke,  esq.  of  Dulwich,  Surrey. 

Sept.  12.  Eliza  Bella,  wife  of  Jere- 
miah Foaker,  esq.  of  Sneating  Hall, 
Kirby. 

Gloucestershire.  —  Aug,  6.  At 
Burnwood,  Gloucester,  G.  H.  Caunter, 
esq.  late  of  Gloucester.  He  was  well 
known  in  the  literary  circles  of  the  me- 
tropolis, and  was  a  most  indefatigable  and 
able  writer,  although  his  name  was  rarely 
prefixed  to  his  productions.  He  was 
once  one  of  the  principal  contribntors  to 
the  Athen<Bumy  and  edited  the  Court  Ma^ 
gazine  for  some  years,  after  Mrs.  Norton 
had  relinquished  it.  Few  men  pos- 
sessed a  more  profound  knowledge  of 
chemistry,  and  his  musical  acquirements 
were  of  a  very  high  order.  Before  he 
quitted  London  for  Gloucestershire,  about 
six  or  seven  years  ago,  he  was  considered 
one  of  the  first  musical  critics  in  the. 
metropolis.  He  was  a  man  of  good  fa- 
mily ;  one  of  his  brothers  is  the  Rev.  Ho- . 
hart  Caunter,  editor  of  the  Oriental  An-, 
nualf  and  author  of  various  works  of  con- 
siderable merit. 

Aug,  8.  At  Alveston,  the  wife  of  Wil-. 
liam  Norris  Tonge,  esq. 

Aug.  11.  Aged  67,  Thomas  Menlove, 
esq.  of  Winterbourne  Lodge. 

Aug,  14.  At  CUftpn,  aged  79,  Miss. 
Breach,  formerly  of  Camberwell. 

Aug,  15.    At    the    residence    of   his. 
mother,  Bedminster,  aged  26,  Edmund-. 
Haynes,   third  son  of  the  late  Francis 
Bell,  esq.  of  Barbadoes. 

Aug.n,  Lady  William  Somerset,  wife 
of  the  Hon.  and  Hev.  Lord  William  $a*i 
merset,  Prebendary  of  Bristol.    She  waa. 


J  843.] 


Obituary. 


443 


Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  of  the  late 
Lieut. -Geu.  Sir  Thomas  Molyneux,  Bart, 
was  married  in  1813,  aud  has  left  a  nu- 
merous family. 

Aug.  27.  At  Bristol,  aged  69,  Thomas 
Quarington,  esq.  late  of  Gloucester. 

At  Theescombe,  near  Nailsworth,  aged 
80,  Nathaniel  Clarkson,  esq. 

Sept.  4.  At  Bristol,  aged  84,  Helena, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  James  Daubeny,  for- 
merly Rector  of  Stratton  and  Preston, 
Gloucestershire. 

Sept.  9.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  6Qy 
Mary  Elizabeth,  widow  of  James  Ray- 
mond Johnstone,  esq.  of  Alva,  N.  B. 

Sept.  15.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  78, 
the  Dowager  Lady  Hort,  relict  of  Sir 
John  Hort,  Bart,  of  Hortland,  co.  Kildare. 
She  was  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Fen- 
ton  Aylmer,  of  Doneda  Castle,  co.  Kil- 
dare, Bart,  was  married  in  1789,  and  left 
a  widow  in  1807,  having  had  issue  the 
present  Sir  Joshua  William  Hort,  and 
other  children. 

Hants. — July  12.  At  Christchurch, 
in  his  23rd  year,  George,  eldest  son  of 
George  Holloway,  shipbuilder ;  a  pupil 
of  Mr.  G.  Patten,  A.R.A.  the  portrait 
painter.  He  has  left  a  few  specimens  of 
a  very  promising  genius. 

yiug.  20.  At  Stratton  Park,  Wilhel- 
mina  Charlotte,  youngest  dau.  of  the 
late  Col.  Maitland,  of  Edinburgh. 

Aug  22.  At  the  Woodlands,  near 
Southampton,  aged  27,  Fanny,  wife  of 
Fred.  W.  Etheredge,  esq. 

Aug.  24.  Aged  35,  John  Parry  Crooke, 
esq.  of  Vicar's  Hill,  near  Lymington. 

Aug.  28.  Aged  81,  James  Gibson,  esq. 
of  Great  St.  Helen's,  and  late  of  Epsom. 

Aug.  29.  At  Yarmouth,  aged  78, 
William  J.  Hurry,  esq. 

Sept.  2.  At  Cowes,  aged  30,  Mr. 
Heni7  W.  Smythe,  commander  of  the 
R.Y.S.  Kestrel,  Commodore  the  Earl  of 
Yarmouth :  in  whose  service  he  com- 
menced his  career  on  board  his  Lordship's 
late  yacht  the  Falcon.  He  was  son  of 
the  late  Robert  Smythe,  surgeon  R.N. 
aud  many  years  physician  at  Killarney ; 
and  succeeded  his  brother-in-law  Mr. 
Middlemist,  R.N.  in  the  command  of 
Lord  Yarmouth's  yacht,  both  gentlemen 
having  married  daughters  of  Alexander 
Cannon,  esq.  R.N.  the  former  Com- 
mander R.Y.S.  Falcon. 

Sept.  10.  At  Blendworth  House,  Ca- 
roline, wife  of  George  Carr,  esq.  and  dau. 
of  the  late  Sir  Michael  Seymour,  Bart. 

Hereford. — Aug.  21 .  At  Ross,  aged 
78,  Thomas  Prichard,  esq.  formerly  of 
Bristol. 

Lately.  Aged  18,  Lucy  Cecilia,  4th 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Taylor,  Chan- 
cellor of  the  diocese  of  Hereford. 


Aged  23,  James,  eldest  son  of  David 
Lambe,  esq.  of  Priors-court,  near  Hereford. 

Charlotte,  widow  of  Robert  Myddelton 
Biddulph,  esq.  formerly  M.P.  for  Here- 
fordshire. 

Herts. — Aug,  27.  At  Royston,  aged 
73,  Mrs.  Beldam,  relict  of  William  Bel- 
dam, esq.  late  of  the  Priory. 

Aug.  29.  At  Hertford,  aged  34,  Noah 
Robei't  Young,  esq. 

At  Cheshunt,  aged  46,  Harriet,  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  John  Westly,  for- 
merly of  St.  Petersburgh. 

Sept,  10.  At  Elstree,  aged  87,  John 
Bygrave,  esq. 

Sept.  13.  At  Much  Hadham,  aged  88, 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  Mr.  Thomas  Mott,  sol. 

Huntingdon. — Aug.  21.  At  Alwal- 
ton,  aged  81,  John  Bark,  esq.  farming 
bailiff  to  Earl  Fitzwilliam. 

Kent. — July  12.  At  Wrotham  Heath, 
aged  73,  the  dowiger  Lady  Mansel.  She 
was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  John  Bell,  of 
Harefield,  In  Middlesex,  esq.  was  married 
in  1790  to  Sir  William  Mansel,  the  eighth 
Baronet,  and  left  a  widow  in  1829,  hav- 
ing had  issue  the  Rev.  W.  J.  Mansel,  de- 
ceased, the  present  Sir  John,  and  some 
daughters. 

Aug.^,  At  Tunbridge  Wells,  aged  23, 
Charles  Alexander  Ravenshaw,  esq.  of 
the  Bengal  Civil  Service. 

Aug,  11.  At  Woolwich,  aged  42, 
Elizabeth-Bonella,  wife  of  the  Rev.  H.  M. 
Simpson,  Vicar  of  Bexhill,  Sussex. 

Aug.  14.  At  Bexley  Heath,  Mary, 
widow  of  Bishop  Hull,  esq. 

Aug,  15.  At  Dover,  Cecilia,  eldest 
dau.  of  Capt.  Gore. 

At  Chatham,  aged  42,  Sarah,  wife  of 
Capt.  Harness,  R  N. 

Aug,  16.  At  Belvidere,  Tunbridge 
Wells,  aged  54,  Thomas  Harrison  Burder, 
esq.  M.D. 

Aug,  17.  At  Charing,  Anna-Maria, 
wife  of  Mr.  Charles  Wilks,  surgeon,  and 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  James  Phillips, 
esq.  D.A.C.G.,  Quebec. 

Aug,  19.  At  Canterbury,  aged  83, 
Thomas  Ridout,  esq.  surgeon. 

Aug,  28.  At  Northfleet,  aged  74, 
Henry  Heath,  esq.  of  the  East  India 
Co's  Bencoolen  Civil  Serv. 

Aug,  29.  At  Margate,  aged  71,  Mr. 
Charles  Ashley.  He  was  well  known  in 
the  musical  world  as  a  violoncello  player, 
and  had  been  for  some  seasons  manager 
of  the  Tivoli  Gardens  at  Margate.  At 
the  commemoration  of  Handel  in  1786, 
deceased,  with  two  brothers,  was  amongst 
the  principal  performers. 

Lately,  At  Ramsgate,  aged  7 1 ,  retired 
Commander  George  William  Bourn,  R.  A, 
(1840). 

Sept,  3.     At  Lewisham,  Mary«ADi) 


444 


Obituary. 


[Oct. 


youngest  dau.  of  the  late  William  Geddes, 
esq. 

Sept,  4.  At  Gravesend,  aged  QQ,  John 
Dallinger,  esq.  He  was  for  many  yean  a 
highly  respectable  Sol.  at  Hertford,  and 
for  some  time  held  the  situation  of  Town 
Clerk  to  that  Borough,  which  he  resigned 
some  years  previous  to  the  passing  of  the 
Manicipal  Corporation  Reform  Act,  after 
which  he  was  elected  a  Town  Councillor. 
He  retired  from  busineu  some  years  ago 
and  removed  from  Hertford  to  London, 
making  occasional  visits  during  the  sum- 
mer months  to  different  watering  places, 
in  one  of  which  he  died.  He  was  a  man 
of  retired  habits  and  unobtrusive  manners, 
and  was  greatly  esteemed  by  his  intimate 
friends,  who  duly  appreciated  his  Christian 
life  and  honourable  conduct. 

Sept.  11.  At  Broadstairs,  in  his  90th 
year,  James  Trecothick,  esq.  of  Chelten- 
ham, late  of  Addington  Place,  Surrey, 
and  many  years  a  magistrate  of  Surrey, 
Kent  and  the  Cinque  Ports. 

Sept.  12.  At  Dover,  aged  84,  Anne, 
relict  of  Sir  Thomas  Mantell,  Knight. 

LAif CASTER. — Aug,  12,  Aged  76, 
Thomas  Foumis  Dyson,  esq.  of  Everton, 
near  Liverpool,  and  of  Willow  Hall,  Hali- 
fax, Yorkshire. 

Lately,  AtArdwick,  Manchester,  aged 
21,  John  William,  eldest  son  of  John 
Eraser,  esq.  of  Achnagairn,  Invemess-sh. 

Lincoln.— 5^^  6.  Aged  74,  Charles 
Beatty,  esq.  M.D.,  Close  of  Lincoln, 
Alderman  and  Magistrate  of  that  city. 

Sept,  10.  At  his  brother^s,  Grimsby, 
aged  67,  Thomas  Bonsor,  esq. 

Sept,  11.  At  Louth,  aged  76,  Mr. 
Alderman  Chapman. 

Leicester. — Aug,  24.  At  Leicester, 
aged  32,  Mary  Ann,  dau.  of  the  late  R. 
Morgan,  esq.  of  Great  Staughton,  Hunts. 

Sept.  7.  Aged  74,  Frances-Brown, 
relict  of  John  Jackson,  gent,  of  Oadby 
House. 

Middlesex. — Aug,  12.  At  Hampton 
Wick,  aged  48,  Frances-Haselrigg,  wife 
of  J.  B.  Shuttleworth,  esq. 

Lately,  At  the  Rev.  John  Hilliard's, 
Cowley  House,  near  Uxbridge,  Charles- 
Harvey,  youngest  son  of  N.  C.  Hilliard, 
esq.  of  Southampton -St.  Bloomsbury. 

Sept.  9.  At  Chaseside  House,  Enfield, 
William  T.  eldest  son  of  WilUam  Everett, 
esq.  Receiver-General. 

Sept.  10.  At  Chaseside,  Enfield,  aged 
Q^^  Mary,  relict  of  John  Cherry,  esq. 

Sept,  15.  Aged  90,  Thomas  Parker, 
esq.  late  of  Southall  Green. 

Norfolk. — Aug.  17.  Aged  83,  Richard 
Browne,  esq.  of  the  Precincts,  Norwich. 

Avg»  18.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  James 
Amys,  esq.  of  Botesdale  Lodge. 

Aug,  19.    At  North  Runcton,  Mary 


Berry,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Ckarlei  Couti. 
nay  Locke,  and  dau.  of  O.  Wood,  «iq.  of 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

Aug.  22.  Aged  21,  Mary-EHnbeth, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  H.  S.  M.  Hubert,  Rector 
of  Croxton,  and  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Mr.  John  Kitton,  of  Norwich. 

Aug.  29.  At  Great  Yarmouth,  «ged 
79,  William  J.  Hurry,  esq. 

Lately.  At  North  Runctoa,  aged  19, 
Harriet-AUcia,  wife  of  the  Hon.  WilliMn 
Cowper,  and  dau.  of  Daniel  Gumey,  esq. 

Aged  67,  George  Penrice,  esq.  M.D.  of 
Great  Yarmouth. 

Accidentally  drowned,  near  Norwich, 
aged  23,  Mr.  Robt.  Wdla,  of  Canonburj- 
sq.  Islington ;  also  his  brother,  agid  21, 
Mr.  Alfred  Wells,  of  Norwich. 

Northampton. — Aug.  18.  Mmrdwell 
Horatio  Robert  Gulston,  esq.  of  Kttnton 
Hall,  late  of  the  80th  Regiment. 

Notts.— Sept.  1.  At  Elston  Hall, 
WiUiam  de  St.  Croix,  esq.  of  Windsor. 

Sept.  4.  At  Newark-upon-Trent,  aged 
75,  Edward-Smith  Godfrey,  esq. 

OnvoviD. —Aug.  20.  At  Henley-upon- 
Thames,  aged  58,  Frederick  Richard 
Hodges,  esq. 

Sept  6.  Hannah  Maria  Stapleton,  of 
Remenham  Hill,  Henley-upon-Thames. 

Sept.  10.  At  Heddington,  Richard- 
Morris  Thomas,  esq.  for  soma  years  Pro- 
tector of  Slaves  at  Mauritius,  and  late 
President  of  the  Council  and  Officer  ad- 
ministering  the  Government  of  the  VirgiB 
Islands. 

SoMRRBET.— Aug.  5.  At  Bath,"  aged 
73,  Mrs.  Fry,  of  Congersbury,  and  Wes- 
ton HiU  Cottage,  Somerset. 

Aug.  11.  At  Bath,  Capt.  Robert  Innes, 
late  of  the  Scots  Greys. 

Aug.  16.  At  Bath,  Henry  Hutchins, 
esq.  of  Chapel-st.  Belgrave- square. 

Aug.  19.  At  Weston-super-Mare, 
Lieut.-Col.  John  Thomburgh  Osbume, 
H.E.I.C.S. 

Aug.  23.  At  Bath,,  aged  21,  John 
Poole,  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  young- 
est son  of  the  late  Joseph-Ruscombe 
Poole,  esq.  of  Bridgewater. 

Aug.  24.  At  Forefidd  House,  Lyn- 
combe,  Bath,  aged  56,  George  Dillwyn,  esq. 

Aug.  27.  At  Bath,  Mrs.  AUce  Ottley, 
last  surviving  sister  of  the  late  Dreury 
Ottley,  President  of  the  Island  of  Saint 
Vincent. 

Sept.  8.  At  Taunton,  aged  37,  Thomas 
Woodforde,  M.D. 

At  Wraxall,  aged  73,  Mr.  John  Vowles. 
He  lived  in  the  same  farm  for  50  years, 
and  was  the  Rector's  Churchwarden  for 
the  last  20  years.  A  widow,  ten  children, 
and  fifty-five  grandchildren  mourn  his  loss. 
.  At  Weston-super-Mare,  aged  63,  Lady 
James  0*Bryen,  wife   of   Lord   JaiiMl 


1643.] 


OSITVART. 


445 


O'BrycB,  Vioe-Adm.  R.N.  She  was  Jane, 
daughter  of  Thomas  Ottley,  esq.  and  was 
married  first  to  Valentine  HcMrsford,  esq. 

Sept.  13.  Aged  83,  Robert  Elliott,  esq. 
of  Tavnton.  His  wife,  Sarah  Anne,  died 
on  the  29th  Aug.  Aged  80. 

Suffolk.— -«S(^^.  1.  At  Theberton 
Hall,  Frederica,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Charles 
Montagu  Doughty. 

At  the  GroTe,  Yoodbrd,  Dorothy,  wife 
of  Thomas  Turner,  M.D.  of  Curzon-st. 

SuBJiET.— ^ti^.  4.  At  Ham-green, 
aged  56,  Benjamin  Heywood  Bright,  esq. 

Aug.  30.  At  Barnes,  John  Heory  Skde, 
esq.  Lieut. -Col.  in  the  Army,  and  late 
Major  of  the  1st.  Dragoon  Guards,  eldest 
son  of  Gen.  Sir  John  Slade,  Bart.  G.C.H. 

Lately.  At  Albury-park,  aged  21, 
Arthur- Henry,  last  surviving  son  of  Henry 
and  Lady  Harriet  Drummond. 

Sept.  6.  Aged  66t  Robert  Briant,  esq. 
of  Stockwell,  Cite  of  Marlborough,  Wilts. 

Sept.  14.  Aged  63,  Henry  Lee,  esq. 
of  the  Grove,  Norwood,  and  of  Loman- 
st.  Southwark. 

Sept.  10.  At  Chertsey,  WiUiam  Clarke, 
esq.  solicitor. 

Sept.  14.  Trevor  Clarkson,  esq.  of 
&ighton. 

Sussex. — Juf.  9.  At  Farringdon,  near 
East  Grinstead,  Xieut.  Edward  Charles 
Smith,  R.N. 

/iug.  11.  Eli^abeth-Bonella,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  H.  W.  Siaapson,  Vicar  of  Bexhill. 

Jug.  15.  At  East  Bourne,  aged  34, 
Edward  £.  H.  Repton,  esq.  of  the  Bengal 
Civil  Service,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev. 
E.  Repton,  Prebendary  of  Westminster. 
He  was  for  14  years  an  active  Magistrate 
and  Collector  at  Pooree  and  at  Balasore. 

j^uff.  18.  At  Steyning,  aged  84,  Richard 
Penfold,  esq. 

j^uff,  21.  At  Rye,  aged  79,  Mrs.  Susan 
Lamb. 

Sept.  10.  At  Brighton,  aged  60, 
Thomas  Hughes  Ridgway,  M.D.  late  of 
the  Rifle  Brigade.  He  was  the  first  dis- 
coverer of  the  great  use  of  nitrate  of  silver 
in  certain  diseases  of  the  eye.  He  had 
seen  much  service. 

At  Brighton,  aged  60,  John  Rew,  esq. 
of  Tavistock-square. 

Aged  83,  Sarah,  wife  of  Archibald 
Bryson,  esq.  of  Brighton. 

Sept.  II.  At  Brighton,  aged  80,  Thomas 
Newman,  esq.  late  of  Hadley  Common, 
Middlesex. 

Warwick. — Aug,  12.  At  Birming- 
ham, aged  56,.  Lady  Louisa,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  W.  Marsh,  D.D.  and  sister  of  the 
Earl  of  Cadogan.  She  was  married  in 
1840. 

Aug.  14.  At  his  seat,  Foxcote,  aged 
71,  Robert  Canning,  esq.  and  of  Hart- 
pury,  Glottcettersh. 


Lately.  At  Coleshili,  aged  82,  Sarah, 
widow  of  Charles  Palmer,  esq. 

At  Leamington,  aged78,  Samuel  Squire, 
esq.  son  of  the  late  Dr.  Squire,  Bishop  of 
St.  David's. 

Sept*  14.  At  Alscot  Park,  near  Strat- 
ford-on-Avon,  aged  65,  Anncy  relict  of 
J.  R.  West,  esq. 

WoBCESTBS. — Jug.  8.  At  Great  Mal- 
vern, aged  68,  Steed  Girdlestone,  esq.  of 
Stibbington  Hall,  Northamptonsh. 

Irately.  At  Lower  Wick,  aged  32, 
Henry  Barry  Domvile,  esq.  M.A.  for- 
merly of  Uuiveraity  CoU.  Oxf.  Barrister- 
at-Law,  Clerk  of  the  Peace  for  Worces- 
tersh.  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  H.  B.  Dom- 
vile, Rector  of  Feucombe,  Herefordsh. 
He  was  called  to  the  bar  at  the  Inner 
Temple,  Jan.  29,  1836. 

Sept.  10.  Aged  36,  Mrs.  Joseph  Best, 
of  Bury  Hall,  near  Kidderminster,  only 
dan.  of  the  late  Arnold  Rogers,  esq.  of 
Martley  Court,  Worcestersh. 

Sept.  12.  At  Great  Malvern,  aged  47, 
the  Hon.  Mary- Jane,  wife  of  Sir  Edmuod 
Cradock  Hartopp,  Bart.  She  was  only 
dau.  of  the  first  Lord  Henley,  G.C.B. 
and  married  24th  Sept.  1824,  Sir  Edmund 
Cradock  Hartopp,  Bart. 

Wilts. — Aug.  16.  At  Barnbridge,, 
Mary- Susanna,  relict  of  Thomas  Ebs- 
worth,  esq.  of  Pentonviile. 

Aug.  20.  At  Burtonhill,  near  Malmes- 
bury,  aged  79,  Mrs.  H.  Robins,  widow  of 
R.  B.  Robins,  esq.  solicitor. 

Lately.  At  Sherston  vicarage,  aged 
74,  Lady  Whitcombe,  relict  of  Sir  Samuel 
Wbitcombe  of  Thornton  House,  Green- 
wich, who  died  in  1816. 

Sept.  10.  At  Burton  Hill,  Malmes- 
bury,  aged  61,  Thomas  Mayer,  esq.  many 
years  a  resident  in  Gloucester. 

Sept.  12.  Lucy-EUzabeth,  wife  of  W. 
Gilbert,  esq.  of  Hippenscombe. 

York. — Aug.  23.  At  Scarborough* 
Ann-Townley,  elder  dau.  of  the  late 
James  Barton,  esq.  of  Deanwater,  Chesh. 

Aug.  30.  At  Kexmoor,  near  Kirby 
Malzeard,  aged  95,  Roger  Holdsworth, 
esq.  formerly  of  Bilbrougb,  near  York. 

Sept.  2.  Jane,  wife  of  the  Rev.  John 
Ellis,  jun.  Vicar  of  Ebberston,  near  Scar- 
borough. 

Sept.  5.  Aged  57,  Harriet,  relict  of  J. 
K.  Picard,  esq.  deputy-recorder  of  HulL 

Sept.  6.  At  HuU,  aged  74,  William 
Cobb,  esq. 

Sept.  9.  At  Methley,  aged  3  months, 
the  son  of  the  Hon,  and  Rev.  Philip 
Yorke  Savile. 

Wales Sept.    9.     At    Pendyffryn, 

Carnarvonshire,  aged  68,  George  Thomas 
Smith,  esq. 

Scotland. — July  II.  At  Averarder, 
Capt.  Charles  Macphenoii)  unattached. 


446 


Obituary. 


COct. 


•  j4uff,  6.     Aged  70,  William  Miller,  esq. 
of  Clarendon,  Linlithgowshire. 

j4uff,  6.  At  Edinburgh,  Jane  Chal- 
mers, wife  of  Alexander  Dallas,  esq.  late 
of  the  93  d  Reg. 

Auff,  17.  At  Torloisk,  in  the  island  of 
Mull,  Mrs.  Douglas  Maclean  Clephaue, 
widow  of  Gen.  L.  D.  M.  Clephane,  and 
mother-in-law  of  the  Marquess  of  Nor- 
thampton. She  was  the  only  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Lachlan  7  th  Maclean  of 
Torloisk,  who  died  in  1799.  Gen.  Clep- 
hane died  in  1803, leaving  three  daughters, 
Margaret  Marchioness  of  Northampton, 
Anna  Jane,  unmarried,  and  Wilmina  Ma- 
rianne, widow  of  the  Baron  de  Normann, 
and  lady  of  honour  to  the  Grand  Duchess 
of  Mecklenburgh  Strelitz. 

j^g,  22.  At  Langlee,  near  Melrose, 
Roxburgsh.  aged  37,  Berthia,  wife  of  Capt. 
Russell  Elliott,  R.N. 

Sept.  11.  At  St.  Andrew's,  the  wife 
of  Col.  Arthur  Hunt,  Royal  Art. 

Sept.  15.  At  Clatto,  Fifesh.  aged  83, 
Susanna  Eliza,  relict  of  Robert  Low,  esq. 

Ireland. — June  -22,  At  Boyle,  Lieut. 
J.  D.  Allingham,  h.  p.  late  24th  dra- 
goons, barrackmaster. 

yiug.  9.  At  Curramore,  Capt.  Francis 
Jackson,  of  the  Bombay  Army. 

j^ug.  19.  Aged  78,  Alex.  Johnston, 
esq.  of  Eden  Quay,  Dublin,  formerly  Pay- 
master to  25th  King's  Own  Borderers. 

Lately.  At  Rostrevor,  Charles  Nor- 
man, esq.  of  Glengollan  House,  for  many 
years  a  Magistrate  for  Donegal. 

Sept.  1.  AtMeelick,  Galway,  aged  88, 
Dominic  Blake,  esq.  second  son  of  the 
late  Sir  Walter  Blake,  Bart,  of  Menlo'. 

Sept.  7.  Aged  69,  the  Rev.  Wm.  Porter, 
44  years  Minister  of  the  Presbyterian 
congregation  of  Newtownlimavady ;  14 
years  Clerk  to  the  Gen.  Synod  of  Ulster ; 
the  first  Moderator  of  the  Remonstrant 
Synod,  and  Clerk  to  the  same  reverend 
body  since  its  formation. 

Sept»  11.  At  Sans  Souci,  near  Belfast, 
aged  73,  Dr.  Purdon. 

Jersey. — Sept.  10.  At  St.  Helier's, 
aged  67,  Sarah,  widow  of  Edward  John 
Collins,  esq.  of  Richmond,  Surrey. 

Sept.  13.  At  St.  Helier*s,  John  An- 
drew Dunlop,  esq.  of  the  Hon.  East  India 
Co.'s  Civil  Serv.  late  Member  of  Council 
at  Bombay. 

Guernsey — At  Fort  George,  the  re- 
sidence of  her  father,  E.  W.  Phillips,  esq. 
barrackmaster  of  Guernsey,  Esther,  relict 
of  W,  Corben,  esq.  formerly  barrackmas- 
ter at  that  station. 

East  Indies. —  Mag  22,  At  Balmeer, 
Ensign  F.  F.  Strachey,  of  the  9th  Bom- 
bay Nat.  Inf.  son  of  Capt.  Strachey,  R.N. 

June  16.  At  Bombay,  aged  19,  Robert 
Seaforth  Mackenzie,  esq.  Ensign  H«M. 


78th  Highlanders,  only  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  W.  Mackenzie,  D.D.  Rector  of  BUr^ 
wash,  Sussex. 

Lately.  At  Mount  Abbo,  from  a  coup 
de  soleil,  aged  36,  Major  George  Dalhou- 
sie  Raitt,  2d  Royals.  He  served  under 
Lord  Keane,  in  the  march  of  the  Indus, 
and  received  two  wounds  at  the  siege  of 
Ghuznee :  and  subsequently  was  at  the 
siege  and  capture  of  Kelat.  He  was  the 
first  European  officer  who  crossed  the 
Indus.  His  period  of  service  was  20 
years,  in  a  regiment  in  which  some  mem«r 
ber  of  his  family  and  name  have  held  a 
commission  or  commanded  the  regiment 
upwards  of  a  century.  He  was  the  eldest 
son  of  Col.  Raitt,  formerly  of  South- 
ampton. 

West  Indies. — July  4.  At  Tobago, 
aged  20,  Thomas  Henry  Newton,  esq-  of 
Her  Majesty's  Customs,  and  Private  Se- 
cretary to  the  Lieut. -Gov.  only  son  of  T, 
G.  Newton,  esq.  of  Lugwardine,  Here- 
fordshire. 

July  9.  In  Jamaica,  Caroline-Maria, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Alfred  Cooper, 
second  dau.  of  the  Rev.  John  Cherton^ 
Rector  of  Wheathill  andBurwarton,  Wore. 

July  25.  In  Jamaica,  Henry  Warner, 
esq.  barrister-at-law,  second  son  of  the 
late  Ashton  Warner,  esq.  Chief  Justice 
of  Trinidad. 

July  28.  In  Demerara,  William  Daa- 
ney,  esq.  Advocate,  Solicitor  Gen.  in  Bri- 
tish Guiana. 

,fug.  5.  In  Dominica,  Louisa,  wife  of 
Edward  Lockhart,  esq. 

Abroad. — Lately.  In  China,  Com* 
mander  Samuel  Fielding  Harmer,  R.N* 
(1837)  of  H.  M.*s.  steam  frigate  Driver. 

^pril  8.  At  Adelaide,  South  Australia, 
aged  37,  George-Francis,  eldest  son  of 
George  Davenport,  esq.  of  Oxford. 

June  18.  At  Sorel,  West  Canada,  aged 
43,  the  wife  of  Major  F.  R.  Thomson, 
Royal  Engineers. 

July  10.  At  Paris,  aged  72,  one  of 
the  most  celebrated  public  characters  of 
France  during  the  last  half  century-^ 
Mademoiselle  Lenormand,  the  fortune- 
teller, leaving  a  fortune  of  500,000f.  She 
reckoned,  it  is  said,  among  her  clientelle 
all  the  celebrated  characters  of  the  age, 
all  the  soldiers,  gamblers,  and  other 
adventurers  of  both  sexes,  from  the 
Emperors  Napoleon  and  Alexander  down 
to  the  cantiniere  and  kitchen  maid,  all  of 
whom  professed  their  surprise  at  the  pro- 
fundity of  her  knowledge  of  events,  pas^ 
and  future. 

Drowned  at  Antwerp,  by  falling  into  a 
canal,  aged  26,  Robert  Haldane,  esq.  late 
Lieut.  65th  Foot. 

July  21.  In  Newfoundland,  Jane^ 
wife  of  the  Rev.  J.  C«  Harvey,  and  ^auf 


1843.] 


Obit^uajiy, 


447 


of  Thomas  Boughton,  esq.  of  Nunhead, 
Surrey. 

July  23.  On  board  H.M.S.  "  Howe," 
William  Charles  Phillott,  esq.  Commander 
R.N.  (1838). 

July  24.  At  Bareges  Waters,  Gen. 
Alava,  formerly  ambassador  of  the  Queen 
of  Spain  in  Paris  and  London. 

July  28.  At  Rotterdam,  aged  IQ^ 
Wynand  Adriaen  de  Gruyter  Vink,  esq. 
of  that  city,  and  formerly  of  the  Circus, 
Minories,  London. 

July  31.  At  Tours,  aged  43,  Capt. 
John  Agar. 

Aug,  3.  Aged  37,  Marianne,  wife  of 
George  Chapman,  jun.  esq.  British  Vice 
Consul  at  Dieppe. 


Aug,  6.  At  Ems,  Germany,  aged  47 > 
Thomas  Cramer  Roberts,  esq.  of  Bran- 
field,  Kent,  and  second  son  of  the  Rev. 
John  Cramer  Roberts,  of  Sallymount, 
Kildare,  Ireland. 

At  Rosenburg,  in  Prussia,  Everilda 
Flavus,  Baroness  Von  Aschebeg,  3d  dau. 
of  the  late  W.  M.  Farmer,  esq.  of  Non- 
such Park,  Surrey. 

Aug.  10.  At  Baden  Baden,  aged  19 » 
Ellis- Phillips  Burroughes,  esq.  35th  Regt. 
eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Ellis  Burroughes, 
of  Long  Stratton,  Norfolk. 

Aug,  13.  At  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia, 
Sarah,  wife  of  Lieut. -Col.  Irton,  of  the 
Rifls  Brigade,  and  dau.  of  the  late  Joseph 
Sabine,  esq. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

Firom  the  Returns  issued  by  the  Registrar  General, 

Deaths  Registered  from  Aug.  26,  to  Sept.  16.    (4  weeks.) 

Under  15 1916 

16  to  60 1023 

60  and  upwards        601 
A^e  not  specified        6 


Males         1853  >  qk^^ 
Females     XmS  S 


3546 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  Sept.  16. 

Peas. 
s,     d, 
33    3 

PRICE  OF  HOPS,   Sept.  22. 
Sussex  Pockets,  5/.  Os,  to  51,  12*. — Kent  Pockets,  5/.  5s,  to  61,  6s, 


Wheat. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

s,     d. 

s.     d. 

s,     d. 

s.     d. 

s,     d. 

50  10 

31     5 

18  10 

30     1 

31    2 

PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Sept.  23. 
Hay,  3/.  0*.  to  4/.  I8s Straw,  21,  2s,  to  21,  7«.— Clover,  4/.  0*.  to  51,  I6s, 

SMITHFIELD,  Sept.  22.     To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  81bs. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Sept.  22. 

Beasts 675      Calves    305 

Sheepand Lambs  7,670      Pigs      320 


Beef. 2s,     8d,  to  3*.  lOd, 

Mutton 2*,  lOd.  to  4^.    4</. 

Veal 3s.    6d,  to  4*.    6d, 

Pork 3*.    Od,  to  3*.  lOd. 

COAL  MARKET,  Sept.  22. 

Walls  Ends,  from  15*.  6d.  to  19*.  3d.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  13*.  Od,  to  18*.  6rf' 


TALLOW,  per  cwt.— -Town  Tallow,  44*.  6d.      Yellow  Russia,  44*.  Od, 
CANDLES,  7*.  6d.  per  doz.    Moulds,  9s,  Od. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Brothers,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 

23,  Change  Alley,  Cornhiil. 

Birmingham  Canal,  160. Ellesmere  and   Chester,  64. Grand  Junction,  141. 

Kennet  and  Avon,    9^. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  670.  Regent's,  21. 

Rochdale,     . London  Dock  Stock,  9&|. St.  Katharine's,  105§. East 

and   West   India,  120^.  ■  London  and  Birmingham  Railway,  218.  — ^  Great 

Western,   86 London  and   Southwestern,    65. Grand    Junction     Water 

Works,  76. West  Middlesex,  115. Globe  Insurance,  131.  Guardian, 

43. Hope,  6k, Chartered  Gas,  65^. Imperial  Gas,  75. Phoenix  Ga*, 

33. London  and  Westminster  Bank,  22^.— Reversionary  Interest,  103. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  as  above. 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  W.CARY,  Stbahd. 

fVim  August  26  lo  Stpt.  2&,  1813,  bolA  inehaive. 


FdHanbeifa  Therm. 

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20     60 

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do.c.b.Eh.th. 

DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 
Ftdm  Aug.  28  ta  Sept.  ST,  1843,  iolh  incluiiee. 


i4 

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Ii03jr 

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103t  llKl 

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95i '  103i 

05i  — —  loai  ■ 
Q^  I loat  . 

Bag 102j  - 

95| 102i  . 

Mi  -   I    ■ --- 


67  69  pm. 
'""67pni- 


80 ftH 


!  l03i  1. 

'  i02i  '- 

102J  . 


58  pm. 
Di  50  pm. 
59  61  pm. 
58  60  pm. 
5S  60  pm. 


.  59    61  pm. 


61 


69  pm. 

70  pm. 

71  pm, 

67  69  pm. 


63  68pi 

.   63  61pm. 

""  64  pm. 
61pm. 

61  63  pm. 

61  63  pm. 

61  63pm. 

61  63pm. 

63  61pm. 

63  61  pm. 

63  64  pm. 

63  65pm. 

64  pm. 

63  65  pm. 

66  63  pm. 

63  65piil. 


.  B.  NIOBDM  AMD  aOH,  FKINTIM,  Si,  rARLlAinHT-KKBIT. 


\  VILLAGR  CHURCH  WITH  THE  USUAL  LOW  CHANCEL. 


A  TOWN  CHURCH  WITH  THE  USUAl  LOW  CHANCEL. 


452 


Modern  Painters  ,•  their  Superiority 


[Nov. 


aud  established,  prepared  to  meet  and  to  contravert  all  the  prejudices  and 
partialities  that  will  oppose  its  reception  :  in  short,  it  is  the  work  of  a  very 
clever  man  and  skilful  connoisseur,  if  not  artist,  and  the  questions  he 
raises,  and  the  opinions  he  delivers,  whether  right  or  wrong,  are  well 
worthy  of  attention,  and  should  be  examined  in  the  same  spirit  and  feeling 
in  which  they  are  delivered.  They  are  too  profound  to  be  refuted  by  a 
cavil,  and  too  honest  to  be  dismissed  with  a  sneer. 

The  author  begins  by  a  consideration  of  the  ideas  conveyable  by  art  -,  and, 
as  his  investigations  in  the  art  of  painting  have  led  him  to  dispute  the 
opinions  which  are  generally  received,  and  which  have  been  so  long  main- 
tained, that  denial  of  them  would  appear  either  the  result  of  ignorance  or 
the  desire  of  paradox,  he  states,  as  a  proposition  not  to  be  doubted,  that 
public  opinion  is  no  criterion  of  excellence  except  after  long  periods  of 
time ;  that  what  is  great  in  art  does  not  address  itself  to  uncultivated 
faculties,  and  that  no  man  can  be  really  appreciated  but  by  his  equals  or 
superiors.  As  the  merits  of  a  work  are  of  a  higher  order,  fewer  in  pro- 
portion can  judge  of  it  3  from  these  few  the  decision  is  communicated  to 
those  below,  and  by  these  to  a  wider  and  lower  circle,  till  at  length  the 
right  opinion  is  communicated  to  all,  and  held  as  a  matter  of  faith,  the 
more  positively  in  proportion  as  the  grounds  of  it  are  less  perceived.  This 
argument  is  peculiarly  strong  in  the  case  of  painting,  because  much 
knowledge  of  what  is  technical  and  practical  is  necessary  to  a  right 
judgment,  so  that  those  persons  are  alone  competent  to  form  a  judgment 
who  are  themselves  the  persons  to  be  judged.*  In  no  city  of  Europe  is 
painting  in  so  hopeless  a  state  as  in  Rome,  because  there  the  authority  of 
their  predecessors  in  art  is  supreme  and  without  appeal,  and  the  mindless 
copyist  studies  Raffaelle  but  not  what  Raffaelle  studied.  The  author, 
believing  that  there  are  certain  points  of  superioiity  in  modern  artists 
which  have  not  yet  been  fully  understood,  in  this  work  purposes  to  institute 
a  close  comparison  between  the  great  works  of  ancient  and  modern 
landscape  art,  and  to  shew^  the  real  relations  subsisting  between  them  : 
but,  as  regards  the  art  of  the  14th  and  15th  centuries,  he  does  not  class 
the  historical  and  landscape  painters  together  as  possessing  anything  like 
equal  rank  in  their  respective  walks  of  art. 


**  It  is,"  he  says,  **  because  I  look  with 
the  most  devoted  veneration  upon  M. 
Angelo,  Raffaelle,  and  Da  Vinci,  that  I  do 
not  distrust  the  principles  which  induce 
me  to  look  with  contempt  on  Claude, 
Salvator,  and  G.  Poussin.  Had  I  disliked 
all,  I  should  have  believed  in  and  bowed  be- 
fore all;  but  in  my  admiration  of  the  greater 
I  consider  myself  as  having  warrant  for 
the  repudiation  of  the  less.  I  feel  assured 
that  they  cannot  with  reason  be  admired 
together;  that  the  principles  of  art  on 
which  they  worked  are  totally  opposed, 
and  that  the  landscape  painters  of  the  old 


school  have  been  honoured  only  because 
they  had  in  them  a  shadow  and  semblance 
of  the  manner  of  the  nobler  historical 
painters,  whose  principles  in  all  important 
points  they  directly  reversed.  *  »  *  » 
Speaking  generally  of  the  old  masters,  I 
refer  only  to  Claude,  G.  Poussin,  S.  Rosa, 
Cuyp,  Berghem,  Both,  Ruysdael  Hob- 
bima,  Teniers,  (in  his  landscapes,)  P. 
Potter,  Canaletti,  and  the  various  Van 
somethings  and  Back  somethings,  more 
especially  and  malignantly  those  who  have 
libelled  the  sea." 


*  Not  exactly  so.  There  are  portions  of  a  picture,  and  of  the  means  used  to  form 
it,  of  which  none  but  a  painter  can  accurately  judge  ;  but  there  are  also  others  which 
the  feeling  of  the  enlightened  connoisseur  can  perhaps  more  correctly  estimate.  Thus, 
to  secure  a  just  decision  on  the  merits  of  the  cartoons  lately  exhibited  in  Westminster 
Hall,  the  judges  were  chosen  both  from  artists  and  from  gentlemen  whose  taste  and 
knowledge  in  art  were  generally  admitted,  and  Mr.  Rogers  and  Sir  Robert  Peel  wer^ 
yery  properly  joined  with  Eastlake  and  Etty.^REv. 


1843.]  in  Landscape  Painting  to  the  Ancient  Masters.  453 

He  then  lays  down  the  principles  on  which  all  right  judgment  of  art 
must  be  founded,  in  order  that  the  terras  and  language  in  which  his  critical 
judgments  and  comparisons  are  expressed,  may  be  thoroughly  understood. 
He  distinguishes  between  the  painter's  intellectual  power  and  his  technical 
knowledge ;  that  mere  technical  painting  or  colouring  is  to  the  artist  what 
the  power  of  versifying  is  to  the  poet  3  but  yet  the  thought,  whether  in 
painting  or  poetry,  is  intimately  connected  with  the  language  in  which  it  is 
conveyed  :  he  then  distinguishes  between  language  that  is  expressive,  and 
that  which  is  merely  decorative  or  ornamental.  As,  for  instance,  most 
pictures  of  the  Dutch  school,  excepting  those  of  Rubens,  Vandyck,  and 
Rembrandt,  are  ostentatious  exhibitions  of  the  artist's  power  of  speech,  the 
clear  and  vigorous  elocution  of  useless  and  senseless  words ;  while  the  early 
efforts  of  Cimabue  and  Giotto  are  the  warning  messages  of  prophecy  declared 
by  the  stammering  lips  of  infants.  We  must  therefore  carefully  distinguish 
what  is  language  and  what  is  thought,  considering  the  former  as  an  inferior 
excellence. 


**  The  picture  which  has  the  nobler  and 
more  numerous  ideas ,  however  awkwardly 
expressed,  is  a  greater  and  a  better  picture 
than  that  which  has  the  less  noble  and  less 
numerous  ideas,  however  beautifully  ex- 
pressed. No  weight,  nor  mass,  nor 
beauty  of  execution  can  outweigh  one 
grain  or  fragment  of  thought.  Three  pen- 
strokes  of  Ra£Faelle  are  a  greater  and  a  bet- 
ter picture  than  the  most  finished  work  that 
ever  Carlo  Dolci  polished  into  inanity.  A 
pencil  scratch  of  Wilkie's  on  the  back  of  a 
letter  is  a  greater  and  a  better  picture — and 
1  use  the  term  picture  in  its  full  sense — than 
the  most  laboured  and  luminous  canvass 


that  ever  left  the  easel  of  Gerard  Dow.  A 
finished  work  of  a  great  artist  is  only  better 
than  its  sketch  if  the  sources  of  pleasure 
belonging  to  colour  and  charioscuro, 
valuable  in  themselves,  are  so  employed 
as  to  increase  the  impressiveness  of  the 
thought.  But,  if  one  atom  of  thought  has 
vanished,  all  colour,  all  finish,  all  execu- 
tion, all  ornament,  are  too  dearly  bought. 
Nothing  but  thought  can  pay  for  thought, 
and  the  instant  that  the  increasing  refine- 
ment or  finish  of  the  picture  begins  to  be 
paid  for  by  the  loss  of  the  faintest  shadow  of 
an  idea,  that  instant  all  refinement  or  finish 
is  an  excrescence  and  a  deformity. '' 


The  author  then  gives  his  definition  of  what  he  calls  **  the  greatest  art," 
that  which  conveys  to  the  mind  of  the  spectator,  by  any  means  whatsoever, 
the  greatest  number  of  the  greatest  ideas  3  and  consequently  he  is  the 
greatest  artist  who  has  embodied  such  ideas  in  his  works.  He  then 
considers  that  all  the  sources  of  pleasure  or  good  to  be  derived  from  works 
of  art  may  be  referred  to  five  distinct  heads — ideas  of  power,  of  imitation, 
of  truth,  of  beauty,  of  relation, — the  nature  and  effects  of  each  of  which 
he  distinguishes.  After  having  briefly  considered  the  principles  respecting 
ideas  of  power,  he  commences  the  second  part  of  his  work  with  the  idea  of 
truth,  which  he  continues  through  the  remainder  of  the  volume,  leaving, 
we  presume,  the  consideration  of  beauty  and  relation  for  the  portions  of 
the  work  that  are  to  follow.  In  this  discussion  there  are  many  sound 
principles  laid  down,  many  accurate  distinctions  drawn,  many  judicious 
rules  enforced,  and  many  elegant  illustrations  brought  to  the  subject.  In 
the  application  of  his  principles  he  divides  all  painters  into  two  great 
and  distinct  classes, — those  who  aim  at  the  developement  of  truth,  and 
those  who  look  no  higher  than  mere  imitation.  The  old  masters  he  ranks 
in  the  latter  category.  "  They  had  neither  love  of  nature  nor  feeling  for 
her  beauty  3  they  looked  for  her  coldest  and  most  commonplace  effects 
because  they  were  easiest  to  imitate,  and  for  her  most  vulgar  forms  because 
they  were  most  easily  to  be  recognised.'*  He  then  observes  that  the 
principles  of  selection  by  modern  artists  is  different,  seeking  not  what  is 
easiest  to  imitate^  but  for  what  is  most  important  to  tell,  and  that  there  is 


454 


Modem  Pmnters;  their  Superiority 


[Not. 


consequently  a  greater  snm  of  valuable,  essential^  and  impressiTe  tmtli  ia 
the  works  of  two  or  three  of  our  leading  modern  landscape  painters,  than 
in  those  of  all  the  old  masters  put  together. 

less  distancei  kingdomi  in  their  TaUeyi^ 
and  climates  upon  their  crests,  can  scarcely 
but  be  angered  when  Salvator  bids  him 
stand  still  under  some  contemptible  ttng- 
xnent  of  splintery  orag,  which  m  Alpine 
snow-wreath  would  smother  in  its  firfl 
swell,  with  a  stunted  bush  or  two  growing 
out  of  it,  and  a  Dudley  or  Halifoz-likd 
volume  of  manufactory  smoke  fbr  a  sky.  A 
man  accustomed  to  the  grace  and  infinity 
of  Nature's  foliage»  with  every  vista  m 
cathedral,  and  every  bough  a  revelMiani 
can  scarcely  but  be  angered  when  Poussln 
mocks  him  with  a  black  round  mass  of 
impenetrable  paint,  diverging  into  fcatheri 
instead  of  leaves,  and  supported  on  a  stick 
instead  of  a  trunk.  Who  that  has  one 
spark  of  feeling  of  what  is  beantifU  or 
true,  would  not  turn  to  be  refireshed  by 
the  pure  and  extended  rodlizatlons  of 
modem  art?'*  &c. 


**  It  appears  strange/'  he  says,  **  to  me 
that  any  one  familiar  with  Nature,  and 
fond  of  her,  should  not  grow  weary  and 
tick  at  heart  among  the  melancholy  and 
monotonous  transcripts  of  her  which  alone 
can  be  received  from  the  old  school  of 
art.  A  man  accustomed  to  the  broad  wild 
seashore,  with  its  bright  breakers,  and  free 
winds,  and  sounding  rocks,  and  eternal 
sensation  of  tameless  power,  can  scarcely 
but  be  angered  when  Claude  bids  him 
stand  still  on  some  paltry,  chipped,  and 
chiselled  quay,  with  porters  and  wheel- 
barrows running  against  him,  to  watch  a 
weak,  rippling, bound  and  barriered  water, 
that  has  not  strength  enough  in  one  of 
its  waves  to  upset  the  flower*  pots  on  the 
wall,  or  even  to  fling  one  jet  of  spray  over 
the  confining  stone.  A  man  accustomed 
to  the  strength  and  glorv  of  God's  moun- 
tains, with  their  soaring  and  radiant 
pinnacles  and  surging  sweeps  of  measure- 
He  then  gives  eiuimples  of  these  truer  and  higher  aims  of  the  moderns 
Arom  the  works  of  D.  Cox,  Copley  Fielding,  J.  D.  Harding,  Stanfield,  and, 
above  all,  John  Turner,  whom  he  calls  '<  glorious  in  conception^  nnfkthom* 
able  in  knowledge,  and  solitary  in  power/'  and  compares  him  to  the  angel 
in  the  Apocalypse^  and  other  similar  persons,  whom  out  of  respect  we 
shall  forbear  to  mention.  Having  thus  applied  his  general  principles  to 
the  respective  works  of  earlier  and  later  times,  he  proceeds  through  the 
remainder  of  his  volume  to  illustrate  each  separate  truth  from  the  pictures 
of  those  artists  by  whom  it  is  most  generallv  given,  commonly  from  those 
of  the  father  lof  modem  art,  J.  M.  W,  Turner.  He  first  takes  into 
consideration  those  truths  that  are  productive  of  what  is  csdled  "  effect/' 
that  is  to  say,  truths  of  tone^  general  colour,  space^  and  light ;  and  then  he 
investigates  the  truths  of  specific  form  and  colour  in  the  four  great  com- 
ponent parts  of  landscape,  sky,  earth,  water,  vegetation.  In  these  very 
ingenious  and  eloquent  essays,  the  author  draws  numerous  comparisons 
between  the  general  principles  and  particular  works  of  the  old  masters  and 
the  modern^  and  with  such  an  acquaintance  with  his  subject^  that  he  who 
is  not  convinced  by  his  reasoning,  or  satisfied  with  his  specimens  of 
excellence,  will  still  be  instructed  by  the  distinctions  which  he  draws,  by 
the  analyses  he  affords,  and  by  the  particular  examples  through  which  the 
general  principles  are  worked  out.  It  is^  however,  quite  impossible  for 
«s  to  follow  him  through  such  lengthened  investigations,  especially  as  the 
force  and  truth  of  his  argument  must  depend  not  only  on  the  accuracy  of 
his  general  principles,  but  on  the  minute  specification  of  particular 
examples.  We  shall  therefore  extract  such  passages  from  the  work  as 
may  afford  some  not  inadequate  views  of  the  author's  estimate  of  the  old 
painters,  of  the  proper  and  Intimate  purposes  of  the  art  he  comments  on, 
and  of  the  merits  and  defects  of  the  old  painters  as  compared  with  the 
modem  school. 

**  I  shall  endeavour,**  he  says,  "  in  the     eare  and  impartiality  into  the  invest!- 
present  portion  of  the  work  to  enter  with     gationof  the  daimsof  theschools  of  ancient 


164S.]  in  Land$e»pe  Ptawtiag  to  thf  4»citnt  Sftuters. 


m 


and  modem  landfeape  to  faithftiliiess  i« 
representing  nature.  I  shall  pay  no  re- 
gard whatsoerer  to  what  may  be  thought 
beaatiful,  or  sublime,  or  imaginatiTe.  I 
shall  look  only  for  irutk,  bare»  clear, 
downright  statement  of  facts,  shewing  in 
eadi  particular,  as  far  as  I  am  able,  what 
the  truth  of  nature  is,  and  then  seeking 
for  the  plain  expression  of  it,  and  for  thiut 
alone,  uid  I  shall  thu«  endeavour,  totally 


regardless  of  fenroor  of  imaglnatiiHi  or 
bnllianey  of  effect,  or  any  other  of  their 
more  captiyating  qualities,  to  examine  and 
to  judge  the  works  of  the  great  living 
painter,*  who  is,  I  believe,  imagined  by 
the  minority  of  the  public  to  paint  more 
falsehood  and  less  fact  than  any  other 
Iwown  niMtar,  W#  shiOl  te^  wi4  wk«t 
reasott." 


The  aotbof;,  as  a  preliminarv  step  to  prove  the  importance  of  accon^ 
and  scientific  investigations  of  the  subject,  considers  how  far  the  truth  of 
nature  is  to  be  discovered  by  the  uneducated  senses.  **  Cannot  we/'  say 
the  public,  '^  see  what  nature  is  with  our  own  eyes,  and  find  out  for 
ourselves  what  is  like  her  ?"  Now,  in  the  first  place,  he  considers  that 
men  derive  pleasure  from  art,  and  discern  the  beauties  of  art,  in  proportion 
to  their  natural  sensibility  to  colour  and  form,  and  in  connection  with  d 
healthy  state  of  moral  feeling,  and  then  he  adds. 


**  Next  to  sensibility,  which  is  necessary 
for  the  perception  of  facts,  come  reflection 
and  memory,  which  are  necessary  for  the 
retention  of  them,  and  recognition  of 
their  resemblances.  For  a  man  may  re- 
ceive impression  after  impression,  and 
that  vividly  and  with  delight,  and  yet,  if 
he  take  no  care  to  reason  upon  those  im- 
pressions and  trace  them  to  their  sources, 
ne  may  remain  totally  ignorant  of  the 
facts  that  produced  them;  nay,  may 
attribute  them  to  facts  with  which  they 
have  no  connexion,  or  may  coin  causes 
for  them  that  have  no  existence  at  all. 
And  the  more  sensibility  and  imagination 
a  man  possesses,  the  more  likely  will  he  be 
to  fall  into  error :  for  then  he  will  see  what- 
ever he  expects,  and  admire  and  judge 
with  his  heart,  and  not  with  his  eyes.  How 
many  people  are  misled  by  what  has  been 
said  and  sung  of  the  serenity  of  lialiau 
skieSf  to  suppose  they  must  be  more  blue 
than  the  skies  of  the  north,  and  think 
that  they  see  them  so ;  whereas  the  sky  of 
Italy  is  fEu*  more  dull  and  grey  in  colour 
than  the  skies  of  the  north,  and  is  distin- 
guished only  by  its  intense  repose  of 
light :  and  this  is  confirmed  by  fienvenuto 
Cellini;  who,  I  remember,  on  his  first 
entering  France,  is  especially  struck  by 
the  clearness  of  the  sky,  as  contrasted  with 
the  mitt  of  Italy;  and,  what  is  more  strange 
still,  when  people  see  in  a  painting  what 
they  suppose  to  have  been  the  source  of 
their  impressions,  they  will  affirm  it  to  be 
truthful,  though  they  feel  no  such  im- 
pression reeulting  from  it.  Thus,  though 
day  after  day  they  may  have  been  im- 
pressed by  ike  tone  and  warmth  of  an 
Italian  sky,  yet  not  having  traced  the 
feeling  to  its  source,  and  9upp99mg  them- 
selves impressed    by   its   Uuemesi,  they 


will  affirm  a  blue  sky  in  a  painting  to  be 
truthful,  and  reject  the  most  feithful  ren- 
dering of  all  the  real  attributes  of  Italy  tm 
cold  or  dull.  And  this  influence  of  the 
imagination  over  the  senses  is  peculiarly 
observable  in  the  perpetual  disposition  d 
mankind,  to  suppose  that  they  see  what 
they  know,  and,  nice  versd,  in  their  not 
seeing  what  they  do  not  know.  *  4*  • 
Barry,  in  his  sixth  lecture,  takes  notice  of 
the  same  want  of  actual  eigki  in  the  eariy 
painters  of  Italy.  *  The  imitations,'  he 
says,  *  of  early  art  are  like  those  of  chil- 
dren— ^nothing  is  seea  in  the  spectacle 
before  us,  unless  it  be  previously  kaow 
and  sought  for :  and  numberie#s  observa- 
ble differences  between  the  age  of  igoo* 
ranee  and  that  of  knowledge,  show  hoir 
mueh  the  contraction  or  extension  of  ov 
sphere  of  vision  depends  upon  other  con^ 
siderations  than  the  mere  returns  of  our 
natural  optics.  The  people  of  those  ages 
only  saw  so  much,  and  admired  it,  bf»- 
cause  they  knew  no  more  ;*  and  the  decep- 
tion which  takes  place  so  broadly  in  cases 
like  these  has  infinitely  greater  ipfliy^flf 
over  our  judgment  of  the  more  intrioate 
and  less  tangible  truths  of  nature.  We 
are  constantly  supposing  that  we  see  mhU 
experience  only  has  shown  us,  or  can 
show  us,  to  hieive  existence,  eosataatly 
missing  the  sight  of  what  we  do  not 
know  beforehand  to  be  viable;  and 
painlMrs  to  the  last  hour  of  their  Ums 
are  i^  to  fall  in  some  degree  iato  thtf 
error  of  painting  what  exists,  rather  than 
what  they  can  see.  *^*  Be  it  alee  observed 
that  aU  these  dificultiM  wmOd  liein  Oia 
way,  even  if  the  truths  of  aatare  were  al- 
ways the  same,  ooostantlv  repeated  and 
brought  before  as.  But  tae  troths  of  ai^ 
ture  are  one  eternal  ohaage—oaa  infinite 


♦  J.  W.  Turner. 


456 


Modern  Painters ;  their  Superiority 


[Nov; 


variety.  There  is  no  bush  on  the  face  of 
the  globe  exactly  like  another  bush,  there 
are  no  two  trees  in  the  forest  whose 
boughs  bend  into  the  same  net-work,  nor 
two  leaves  on  the  same  tree  which  could 
not  be  told  one  from  the  other,  nor  two 
waves  in  the  sea  exactly  alike.  And,  out  of 
this  mass  of  various  yet  agreeing  beauty, 
it  is  by  long  attention  only  that  the 
conception  of  the  constant  character — 
the  ideal  form — hinted  at  by  all,  yet  as- 
sumed by  none,  is  fixed  upon  the  imagi- 
nation for  its  standard  of  truth.  It  is 
not  singular,  therefore,  nor  in  any  way  dis- 
graceful, that  the  majority  of  spectators 
are  totally  incapable  of  appreciating  the 
truth  of  nature,  when  fully  set  before 
them  ;  but  it  is  both  singular  and  dis- 
graceful that  it  is  so  difficult  to  convince 
them  of  their  own  incapability.  Ask  a 
connoisseur,  who  has  scampered  over  all 
Europe,  the  shape  of  the  leaf  of  an  elm, 
and  the  chances  are  ninety  to  one  that  he 
cannot  tell  you,  and  yet  he  will  be  volu- 


ble of  criticism  on  every  painted  land- 
scape from  Dresden  to  Madrid,  and  pre- 
tend to  tell  you  whether  they  are  like 
nature  or  not.  Ask  an  enthusiastic  chat- 
terer in  the  Sistine  Chapel  how  many  ribs 
he  has,  and  you  get  no  answer ;  but  it  la 
odds  that  you  do  not  get  out  of  the  door 
without  his  Informing  you  that  he  consi- 
ders such  and  such  a  figure  badly  drawn. 
A  few  such  interrogations  as  these  might 
indeed  convict,  if  not  convince  the  mass 
of  spectators  of  incapability,  were  it  not 
for  the  universal  reply,  that  they  can 
recognise,  what  they  cannot  describe,  and 
feel  what  is  truthful,  though  they  do  not 
know  what  is  truth.  And  this  is,  to  a 
certain  degree,  true  :  a  man  may  recognise 
the  portrait  of  his  friend,  though  he  can- 
not, if  you  ask  him  apart,  tell  you  the 
shape  of  his  nose  or  the  height  of  his 
forehead,  and  every  one  could  tell  Nature 
herself  from  an  Imitation ;  why  not  then, 
it  will  be  asked,  what  is  like  her  from 
what  is  not?'' 


The  author  allows  that,  iu  effects  of  tone,  the  old  masters  have  never  yet 
been  eciualled  :  a  concession  he  says  that  is  the  first  and  nearly  the  last 
he  has  to  make  to  them  3  he  then  considers  '*  tone  **  first,  as  '*  the  right 
relation  of  objects  of  shadow  to  the  principal  light,"  and  secondly,  '«  as 
the  quality  of  colour  by  which  it  is  felt  to  owe  part  of  its  brightness  to  the 
hue  of  light  upon  it.'*  He  then  enters  into  the  following  criticism  on  the 
subject. 


''  The  finely-toned  pictures  of  the  old 
masters  are,  in  this  respect,  some  of  the 
notes  of  nature  played  two  or  three  oc- 
taves below  her  key,  the  dark  objects  in 
the  middle  distance  having  precisely  the 
same  relation  to  the  light  of  the  sky  which 
they  have  in  nature,  but  the  light  being 
necessarily  infinitely  lowered,  and  the  mass 
of  the  shadow  deepened  in  the  same  de- 
gree. I  have  often  been  struck,  when 
looking  at  a  camera-obscura,  on  a  dark 
day,  with  the  exact  resemblance  the  image 
bore  to  one  of  the  finest  pictures  of  the 
old  masters,  all  the  foliage  coming  dark 
against  the  sky,  and  nothing  being  seen  in 
its  mass  but  here  and  there  the  isolated 
light  of  a  silvery  stem,  or  an  unusually 
illumined  cluster  of  leafage.  Now  if  this 
could  be  done  consistently,  and  all  the 
notes  of  nature  given  in  this  way,  an  oc- 
tave or  two  down,  it  would  be  right  and 
necessary  so  to  do  ;  but  be  it  observed, 
not  only  does  nature  surpass  us  in  power 
of  obtaining  light,  as  much  as  the  sun 
surpasses  white  paper,  but  she  also  infi- 
nitely surpasses  us  in  her  power  of  shade. 
Her  deepest  shades  are  void  spaces  from 
which  no  light  whatever  is  reflected  to  the 
eye ;  ours  are  black  surfaces  from  which, 
paint  as  black  as  we  may,  a  great  deal  of 
light  is  still  reflected,  and  which,  placed 
I 


against  one  of  nature's  deep  bits  of  gloom, 
would  tell  as  distinct  light.  Here  we  are, 
then,  with  white  paper  for  our  highest 
light,  and  visible  illumined  surface  for 
our  deepest  shadow,  set  to  run  the 
gauntlet  against  nature,  with  the  sun  for 
her  light  and  vacuity  for  her  gloom.  It  is 
evident  that  she  can  well  afford  to  throw 
her  material  objects  dark  against  the 
brilliant  aerial  tone  of  her  sky,  and  yet 
give  in  those  objects  themselves  a  thou- 
sand intermediate  distances  and  tones  be- 
fore she  comes  to  black,  or  to  any  thing 
like  it — all  the  illumined  surfaces  of  her 
objects  bemg  as  distinctly  and  vividly 
brighter  than  her  nearest  and  darkest 
shadows  as  the  sky  is  brighter  than  those 
illumined  surfaces.  But  if  we,  against  our 
poor,  dull  obscurity  of  yellow  paint,  in- 
stead of  sky,  insist  on  having  the  same 
relation  of  shade  in  material  objects,  we 
go  down  to  the  bottom  of  our  scale  at 
once  ;  and  what  in  the  world  are  we  to  do 
then?  Where  are  all  our  intermediate 
distances  to  come  from  ? — how  are  we  to 
express  the  aerial  relations  among  the 
parts  themselves,  for  instance,  of  foliage, 
whose  most  distant  boughs  are.  already 
almost  black  ?— -how  are  we  to  come  up 
from  this  to  the  foreground,  and,  when  we 
have  done  so,  how  are  we  to  express  ^ 


1843.] 


in  Lmitcttpe  Ptdntiny  to  the  Ancient  Masters. 


457 


distinction  betweetn  its  solid  parts,  al- 
ready as  dark  as  we  can  make  them,  and 
its  Taeant  hollows,  which  nature  has 
marked  sharp,  and  clear,  and  hlack,  among 
its  lighted  surfaces?  It  cannot  hut  be 
erident  at  a  glance,  that,  if  to  any  one 
of  the  steps  from  one  distance  to  ano- 
ther we  giye  the  same  quantity  of  differ- 
ence in  pitch  of  shade  which  nature  does, 
we  must  pay  for  this  expenditure  of  our 
means  by  totally  missing  half  a  dozen 
distances  not  a  whit  less  important  or 
marked,  and  so  sacrifice  a  multitude  of 
truths  to  obtain  one.  And  this  accord- 
ingly was  the  means  by  which  the  old 
masters  obtained  their  (truth?)  of  tone. 
They  chose  those  steps  of  distance  which 
are  the  most  conspicuous  and  noticeable, 
that,  for  instance,  from  sky  to  foliage,  or 
from  clouds  to  hiUs,  and  they  gave  these 
their  precise  pitch  of  difference  in  shade 
with  exquisite  accuracy  of  imitation. 
Their  means  were  then  exhausted,  and 
they  were  obliged  to  leaye  their  trees  flat 
masses  of  mere  filled-up  outline,  and  to 
omit  the  truths  of  space  in  every  individual 
part  of  their  picture  by  the  thousand.  But 
this  they  did  not  care  for ;  it  saved  them 
trouble  ;  they  reached  their  grand  end — 
imitative  effect — they  thrust  home  just  at 
the  places  where  the  common  and  careless 
eye  looks  for  imitation,  and  they  attained 
the  broadest  and  most  faithful  appear- 
ance of  truth  of  tone  which  art  can  exhi- 
bit ;  but  they  are  prodigals,  and  foolish 
prodigals,  in  art :  they  Uvish  their  whole 
means  to  get  one  truth,  and  leave  them- 
selves powerless,  when  they  should  seize 
a  thousand.  And  is  it  indeed  worthy  of 
being  called  a  truth,  when  we  have  a  vast 
history  given  us  to  relate,  to  the  fulness 
of  which  neither  our  limits  nor  our  lan- 
guage are  adequate,  instead  of  giving  all 
its  parts  abridged  in  the  order  of  their 
importance,  to  omit  or  deny  the  greater 
part  of  them,  that  we  may  dwell  with 
verbal  fidelity  on  two  or  three  ?  Nay,  the 
very  truth  to  which  the  rest  are  sacri- 
ficed is  rendered  falsehood  by  their  ab- 
sence ;  the  relation  of  the  tree  to  the  sky 
is  marked  as  an  impossibility,  by  the 
want  of  relation  of  its  parts  to  each  other. 
Turner  starts  from  the  beginning  with  a 
totally  different  principle.  He  boldly 
takes  pure  white  (and  justly,  for  it  Is 
the  sign  of  the  most  intense  sunbeams) 
for  his  highest  light,  and  lamp-black  for 
his  deepest  shade,  and  between  these  he 
makes  every  degree  of  shade  indicative 
of  a  separate  degree  of  distance,  giving 
each  step  of  approach,  not  the  exact  dif- 
ference in  pitch  which  it  would  have  in 
nature,  but  a  difference  bearing  the  same 
proportion  to  that  which  his  sum  of  pos- 
sible shade  bears  to  the  sum  of  nature's 
Gent.  Mag,  Vol.  XX. 


shade,  so  that  an  object  half  way  between 
his  horizon  and  his  foreground  will  be 
exactly  in  half  tint  of  force,  and  every 
minute  division  of  intermediate  space 
will  have  just  its  proportionate  share  of 
the  lesser  sum,  and  no  more.  Hence 
where  the  old  masters  expressed  one  dis- 
tance he  expresses  a  hundred,  and  where 
they  said  furlongs  he  sap  leagues .  Which 
of  these  modes  of  procedure  be  most 
agreeable  with  truth  I  think  I  may  safely 
leave  the  reader  to  decide  for  himself.  He 
will  see  in  this  very  first  instance  one 
proof  of  what  we  have  asserted,  that  the 
deceptive  imitation  of  nature  is  inconsist- 
ent with  real  truth ;  for  the  very  means 
by  which  the  old  masters  attained  the  ap- 
parent accuracy  of  tone  which  is  so  sa- 
tisfying to  the  eye,  compelled  them  to 
give  up  all  idea  of  real  relations  of  retire- 
ment, and  to  represent  a  few  successive  and 
marked  stages  of  distance,  like  the  scenes 
of  a  theatre,  instead  of  the  imperceptible, 
multitudinous,  symmetrical  retirement  of 
nature,  who  is  not  more  careful  to  sepa- 
rate her  nearest  bush  from  her  farthest 
one  than  to  separate  the  nearest  bough  of 
that  bush  from  the  one  next  to  it.  Take, 
for  instance,  one  of  the  finest  landscapes 
that  ancient  art  has  produced — the  work 
of  a  really  great  and  intellectual  mind, 
the  quiet  Nicholas  Foassin,  in  our  own 
National  Gallery,  with  the  traveller 
washing  his  feet.  The  first  idea  we  re- 
ceive from  this  picture  is  that  it  is  even- 
ing, and  all  the  light  coming  from  the  ho- 
rizon. Not  so.  It  is  full  noon,  the 
light  coming  steep  from  the  left,  as  is 
shown  by  the  shadow  of  the  stick  on  the 
right  hand  pedestal,  (for  if  the  sun  were 
not  very  high,  that  shadow  could  not  lose 
itself  half  way  down ;  and  if  it  were  not 
lateral,  the  shadow  would  slope,  instead  of 
being  vertical)  Now,  ask  yourself,  and 
answer  candidly,  if  those  black  masses  of 
foliage,  in  which  scarcely  any  form  is  seen 
but  the  outline,  be  a  true  representation 
of  trees  under  noon-day  sunlight,  sloping 
from  the  left,  bringing  out,  as  it  ne- 
cessarily would  do,  their  masses  into 
golden  green,  and  marking  every  leaf  and 
bough  with  sharp  shadow  and  sparkling 
light?  The  only  truth  in  the  picture  is 
this  exact  pitch  of  relief  against  the  sky 
of  both  trees  and  hills  ;  and  to  this  the  or- 
ganization of  the  hills,  the  intricacy  of 
the  foliage,  and  every  thing  indicative 
either  of  the  nature  of  the  light  or  the  cha- 
racter of  the  objects,  is  unhesitatingly  sa- 
crificed. So  much  falsehood  does  it  cost 
to  obtain  two  apparent  truths  of  tone. 
Or  take,  as  a  still  more  glaring  instance. 
No.  260  in  the  Dulwich  Gallery,  where 
the  trunks  of  the  trees,  even  of  those 
farthest  off,  on  the  left,  are  as  black  ad 

3N 


458 


Modern  Painters ;  their  Superiority 


[Nov. 


paiDt  can  make  them,  and  there  is  not, 
and  cannot  be,  the  slighest  increase  of 
force  or  any  marking  whatsoever  of  dis- 
tance by  colour,  or  any  other  means,  be- 
tween them  and  the  foreground.  Compare 
with  these  Turner's  treatment  of  his  ma- 
terials in  the  '  Mercury  and  Argus/  He 
has  here  his  light  actually  coming  from 
the  distance,  the  sun  being  nearly  in  the 
centre  of  the  picture,  and  a  violent  relief 
of  objects  against  it  would  be  far  more 
justifiable  than  in  Poussin's  case.  But 
this  dark  relief  is  used  in  its  full  force 
only  with  the  nearest  leaves  of  the  nearest 
group  of  foliage,  overhanging  the  fore- 
ground from  the  left,  and  between  these 
and  the  more  distant  members  of  the 
same  group,  though  only  three  or  four 
yards  separate,  distinct  aSrial  perspective 
and  intervening  mist  and  light  are  shown, 

We  shall  now  give  some  detailed  t^riticisms  on  the  works  of  those  who 
have  been  hitherto  considered  the  masters  of  their  art,  and  the  guides  of 
public  taste  ;  for  the  author,  whether  in  commendation  or  censure,  always 
puts  the  reader  in  possession  of  the  reasons  by  which  he  is  governed,  and 
the  established  principles  which  he  keeps  steadily  in  view.  He  saySj 
speaking  of  a  well  known  painter. 


while  the  large  tree  in  the  centre,  though 
very  dark,  as  being  very  near,  compared 
with  all  the  distance,  is  much  diminished 
in  intensity  of  shade  from  this  nearest 
group  of  leaves,  and  is  faint  compared 
with  all  the  foreground.  It  is  true  that 
this  tree  has  not,  in  consequence,  the 
actual  pitch  of  shade  against  the  sky 
which  it  would  have  in  nature,  but  it  has 
precisely  as  much  as  it  possibly  can  have 
to  leave  it  the  same  proportionate  relation 
to  the  objects  near  at  hand.  And  it  ran- 
not  but  be  evident  to  the  thoughtful 
reader,  that,  whatever  trickery  or  decep- 
tion may  be  the  result  of  a  contrary  mode 
of  treatment,  this  is  the  only  scientific  or 
essentially  truthful  system,  and  that  what 
it  loses  in  tone  it  gains  in  aSrial  perspec- 
tive.** 


''The  effect  of  a  fine  Canaletti  is  in  its 
first  impression   dioramic  ;  we  fancy  we 
are  in  our  beloved  Venice  again,  with  one 
foot  by  mistake  in  the  clear  invisible  film 
of  water  lapping  over  the  marble  steps  of 
the   foreground.      Every  house    has  its 
proper  relief  against  the  sky, — every  brick 
and  stone  its  proper  hue  of  sunlight  and 
shade, — and  every  degree  of  distance  its 
proper   tone   of  retiring  air.     Presently, 
however,  we  begin  to  feel  that  it  is  lurid 
and  gloomy,  and  that  the  painter,  com- 
pelled by  the  lowness  of  the  utmost  light 
at  his  disposal  to  deepen  the  shadows,  in 
order  to  get  the  right  relation,  has  lost  the 
flashing,  dazzling,   exulting  light,  which 
was  one  of  our  chief  sources  of  VcDetian 
happiness.     But  we  pardon  this,  knowing 
it  to  be  unavoidable,  and  begin  to  look  for 
something  of  that  in  which  Venice  differs 
from  Rotterdam,  or  any  other  city  built 
beside   canals.     We    know    that    house, 
certainly ;  we   never    passed    it  without 
stopping  our  gondolier,  for  its  arabesques 
were  as  rich  as  a  bank  of  flowers  in  Spring, 
and  as  beautiful  as  a  dream.     What  has 
Canaletti  given  us  for  them  ?     Five  black 
dots.     Well,  take  the  next  house  ;  we  re- 
member that  too  ;  it  was  mouldering  inch 
by  inch  into  the  canal,  and  the  bricks  had 
fallen    away  from   its   shattered    marble 
shafts,  and  left  them  white  and  skeleton- 
like,  yet  with  their  fret-work   of    cold 
flowers  wreathed    about  them,  still   un- 
touched by  time  :  and  through  the  rents 
of  the  wall  behind  them  there  used  to 


come  long  sunbeams,  greened  by  the  weeds 
through  which  they  pierced,  which  flitted 
and  fell  one  by  one  round  those  grey  and 
quiet  shafts,  catching  here  a  leaf  and  there 
a  leaf,  and  gliding  over  the  illumined 
edges  and  deUcate  fissures,  until  they  sank 
into  the  deep  dark  hollow  between  the 
marble  blocks  of  the  sunk  foundation, 
lighting  every  other  moment  one  isolated 
emerald  lamp,  on  the  crest  of  the  intermit- 
tent waves,  when  the  wild  sea«weeds  and 
crimson  lichens  drifted  and  crawled  with 
their  thousand  colours  and  fine  branches 
over  its  decay,  and  the  black,  clogging, 
accumulated  limpets  hung  in  ropy  clusters 
from  the  dripping  and  tinkling  stone. 
What  has  Canaletti  given  us  for  this  ? 
One  square  red  mass  composed  of — let 
me  count — five  and  fifty — no — six  and 
fifty — no — I  was  right  at  first — five  and 
fifty  bricks  of  precisely  the  same  size, 
shape,  and  colour,  one  great  black  line  for 
the  shadow  of  the  roof  at  the  top,  and  six 
similar  ripples  in  a  row  at  the  bottom  I 
And  this  is  what  people  call  '  painting 
nature.'  It  is  indeed  painting  nature  as 
she  appears  to  the  most  unfeeling  and  un- 
taught of  mankind.  The  bargeman  and 
the  bricklayer  probably  see  no  more  in 
Venice  than  Canaletti  gives,— heaps  of 
earth  and  water,  with  water  between ;  and 
are  just  as  capable  of  appreciating  the 
facts  of  sunlight  and  shadow,  by  which  he 
deceives  us,  as  the  most  educated  of  us 
all.  But  what  more  there  is  in  Venice 
than  brick  and  stone — ^what  there  is  of 


1843.] 


in  Landscape  Painting  to  the  Ancient  Masters. 


459 


mystery  and    death,   and    memory  and     lamented,  to  be  loved  or  wept — we  look 
beauty — what  there  is  to  be  learned  or     for  to  Canaletti  in  yain/'')^ 

The  author  then  contrasts  the  celebrated  painter's  works  with  those  of 
some  of  our  living  artists }  and^  as  the  contrasts  are  striking,  and  the 
peculiar  merits  of  each  brought  out  by  a  critical  hand,  we  shall  follow  him 
in  his  judgments. 


**  Let  us  pass  to  Prout ;  the  imitation 
is  lost  at  once.  The  buildings  have  no- 
thing resembling  their  real  relief  against 
the  sky.  There  are  multitudes  of  false 
distances  ;  the  shadows  in  many  places 
have  a  great  deal  more  Vandyke  brown 
than  darkness  in  them ;  and  the  lights 
very  often  more  yellow-ochre  than  sun- 
shine. But  yet  the  effect  on  our  eye  is 
that  very  brilliancy  and  cheerfulness  which 
delighted  us  in  Yenice  itself,  and  there  is 
none  of  that  oppressive  and  lurid  gloom 
which  was  cast  upon  our  feelings  by 
Canaletti.  And  now  we  feel  that  there  is 
something  in  the  subject  worth  drawing, 
and  different  from  other  subjects  and  archi- 


tecture :  that  house  is  rich  and  strange 
and  full  of  grotesque  carving  and  cha- 
racter,— that  one  next  to  it  is  shattered 
and  infirm,  and  varied  with  picturesque 
rents  and  hues  of  decay, — that  further  off 
is  beautiful  in  proportion,  and  strong  in 
its  purity  of  marble.  Now  we  begin  to 
feel  that  we  are  in  Venice.  This  is  what 
we  could  not  get  elsewhere :  it  is  worth 
seeing,  and  drawing,  and  talking,  and 
thinking  of — not  an  exhibition  of  common 
daylight  or  brick  walls.  But  let  us  look 
a  little  closer;  we  know  those  capitals 
very  well  ;  their  design  was  most  original 
and  perfect,  and  so  delicate  that  it  seemed 
to  have  been  cut  in  ivory." 


We  now  turn  to  another  painter  whose  works  are  highly  esteemed  in 
this  country,  though  introduced  at  a  late  period  ;  but  who  has  been  placed 
in  the  very  foremost  rank  of  eminence  in  the  Flemish  school  of  landscape. 


"  For  expression  of  effects  of  yellow 
sunlight,  parts  might  be  chosen  out  of  the 
good  pictures  of  CupPf  which  have  never 
been  equalled  in  art ;  but  I  much  doubt 
if  there  be  a  single  bright  Cuyp  in  the 
world,  which,  taken  as  a  whole,  does  not 
present  many  glaring  solecisms  in  tone. 
I  have  not  seen  many  fine  pictures  of  his 
which  were  not  utterly  spoiled  by  the 
vermilion  dress  of  some  principal  figure^ 
a  vermilion   totally    unaffected  and  un- 
warmed  by  the  golden  hue  of  the  rest  of 
the  picture,   and,    what  is  worse,   with 
little  distinction'  between   its  own  illu- 
mined and  shaded  parts,  so  that  It  appears 
altogether  out  of  sunshine  ;  the  colour  of 
a  bright  vermilion  in  dead,  cold  daylight. 
It  is  possible  that  the  original  colour  may 
have  gone  down  in  all  cases,  or  that  these 
parts  may  have  been  villanously  repainted, 
but  I  am  the  rather  disposed  to  believe  them 
genuine,   because,   even  throughout  the 
best  of  his  pictures,  there  are  evident  re- 
currences of  the  same  kind  of  solecism  in 
other  colours — greens  for  instance — as  in 
the  steep  bank  on  the  right  of  the  largest 
picture  in    the    Dulwich    gallery;    and 
browns,  as  in  the  lying  cow  in  the  same 
picture,  which  is  in  most  visible  and  pain- 
ful contrast  with  the  one  standing  beside 
it,  the  flank  of  the  standing  one  being 
bathed  in  breathing  sunshine,  and  the  re- 


posing one  laid  in  with  as  dead,  opaque, 
and  lifeless  brown  as  ever  came  raw  from 
a  novice's  pallet.  And  again  in  that  marked 
83,  while  the  figures  on  the  right  are  walk- 
ing in  the  most  precious  light,  and  those 
just  beyond  them  in  the  distance  leave  a 
furlong  or  two  of  pure  visible  sunbeams 
between  us  and  them,  the  cows  in  the 
centre  are  deprived  entirely,  poor  things ! 
of  both  light  and  air,  and  have  nothing 
but  brown  paint  to  depend  upon :  and 
these  failing  parts,  though  they  often 
escape  the  eye  when  we  are  near  the 
picture,  and  able  to  dwell  upon  what  is 
beautiful  in  it,  yet  so  injure  its  whole 
effect,  that  I  question  if  there  be  many 
Cuyps,  in  which  vivid  colours  occur,  which 
will  not  lose  their  effect,  and  become  cold 
and  flat,  at  a  distance  of  ten  or  twelve 
paces,  retaining  their  influence  only  when 
the  eye  is  close  enough  to  rest  on  the  right 
parts  without  including  the  whole.  Take, 
for  instance,  the  large  one  in  our  National 
Gallery,  seen  from  the  opposite  door,  where 
the  black  cow  appears  a  great  deal  nearer 
than  the  dogs,  and  the  golden  tones  of 
the  distance  look  like  a  sepia  drawing 
rather  than  like  sunshine,  owing  chiefly 
to  the  utter  want  of  aSrial  greys  indicated 
through  them.  Now  there  is  no  instance 
in  the  works  of  Turner  of  anything  so 
faithful  and  imitative  of  sunshine  as  the 


*  The  author  allows  that  Canaletti's  mechaniwi  is  wonderful ;  l^ut  he  casts  aside 
all  mechanical  excellence  as  ubworthy  of  praise. 


460 


Modem  Painters ;  their  Superiority 


£Nov. 


unchanging  iaflu^ce  of  all  hu  pictoret 
at  any  distance.  We  approach  only  to 
follow  the  sunshine  into  every  cranny  of 
the  leafage,  and  retire  only  to  feel  it  dif- 
fused over  the  scene,  the  whole  pioture 
glowing  like  a  sun  or  star,  at  whatever 
distance  we  stand,  and  Ughting  the  air 
between  us  and  it,  while  many  even  of 
the  best  pictures  of  Claude  must  be  looked 
close  into  to  be  felt,  and  lose  light  every 
foot  that  we  retire.  The  smallest  of  the  three 
sea-ports  in  the  National  Gallery  is  valu- 
able and  right  in  tone  when  we  are  close 
to  it,  but  ten  yards  off  it  is  all  brickdust, 
offensively  and  evidently  false  in  its  whole 
hue,"  &c. 


best  parts  of  Cu3rp,  but  at  the  same  time 
there  is  not  a  single  vestige  of  the  same 
kind  of  solecism.  It  is  true  that  in  his 
fondness  for  colour  Turner  is  in  the  habit 
of  allowing  excessively  cold  fragments  in 
his  warmest  pictures  ;  but  these  are  never, 
observe,  warm  colours  with  no  light  up- 
on them,  useless  as  contrasts,  while  they 
are  discords  in  the  tone,  but  they  are  bits 
of  the  very  coolest  tints,  partially  removed 
from  the  general  influence,  and  exquisitely 
valuable  as  colour,  though,  with  all  de- 
ference be  it  spoken,  I  think  them  some- 
times slightly  destructive  of  what  would 
otherwise  be  perfect  tone.  *  ♦  *  The 
best  proof  of  the  grammatical  accuracy  of 
the  tones  of  Turner  is  in  the  perfect  and 

Let  us  now  pass  on  to  another  great  name  ;  the  name  of  one  who  has 
been  long  ranked  as  the  foremost  in  his  branch  of  the  art,  and  the  produc* 
tions  of  whose  pencil  are  not  to  be  purchased  except  by  the  affluent. 

<'  I  wish  Ruysdael  had  painted  one  or  we  should  have  thought,  would  have  been 
two  rough  seas.  I  believe,  if  he  had,  he  repulsive  even  to  those  least  cognizant  of 
might  have  saved  the  unhappy  public  from  form.  Whatever  may  be  the  chilliness  or 
much  grievous  victimizing,  both  in  mind  mistiness  or  opacity  of  a  Dutch  climate 
and  pocket,  for  he  would  have  shown  and  ocean,  there  is  no  water  which  has 
that  Vandevelde  and  Backhuysen  were  motion  in  it,  and  air  above  it,  which  ever 
not  quite  sea-deities.  As  it  is,  I  believe  assumes  such  Affrey  as  is  attributed  to  seA 
there  is  scarcely  such  another  instance  to  by  these  painters ;  cold  and  lifeless  the 
be  found  in  the  history  of  man  of  the  general  effect  may  be,  but  at  all  times  it 
epidemic  aberration  of  mind  into  which  is  wrought  out  by  varie^  of  hue  in  its 
multitudes  fall  by  infection,  as  is  furnished  parts ;  it  is  a  grey  caused  by  coldness  of 
by  the  value  setupon  the  works  of  these  men.  Ught,  not  by  absence  of  colour.  And  how 
All  others  of  the  ancients  have  real  power  little  the  authority  of  these  men  is  worthy 
of  some  kind  or  other,  either  solemnity  of  of  trust  in  matters  of  effect,  is  sufficiently 
intention,  as  the  Poussins,  or  refinement  shown  by  their  constant  habit  of  casting 
of  feeling,  as  Claude,  or  high  imitative  a  coal-black  shadow  half-way  across  the 
accuracy,  as  Cuyp  and  Paul  Potter,  or  rapid  picture  on  the  nearest  waves,  for,  as  I 
power  of  execution,  as  Salvator ;  there  is  have  before  shown,  water  itself  never 
something  in  all  which  ought  to  be  takes  any  shadow  at  all,  and  the  shadow 
admired,  and  of  which,  if  exclusively  con-  upon  foam  is  so  delicate  in  tint  and  so 
templated,  no  degree  of  admiration,  how-  broken  in  form  as  to  be  scarcely  traceable, 
ever  enthusiastic,  is  unaccountable  or  un-  The  men  who  could  allow  themselves  to 
natural.  But  Vandevelde  and  Backhuysen  lay  a  coal-black  shadow  upon  what  never 
have  no  power,  no  redeeming  quality  of  takes  any  shadow  at  all,  and  whose  feel- 
mind  :  their  works  are  neither  reflective,  ings  were  not  hurt  by  the  sight  of  false - 
nor  eclectic,  nor  imitative ;  they  have  hood  so  distinct,  and  recoiled  not  at  the 
neither  tone,  nor  execution,  nor  colour,  shade  themselves  had  made,  can  be  little 
nor  composition,  nor  any  artistical  merit  worthy  of  credit  in  any  thing  that  they  do 
to  recommend  them  ;  and  they  present  or  assert.  Then,  their  foam  is  either  de- 
not  even  a  deceptive,  much  less  a  real,  posited  in  spherical  and  tubular  concre- 
resemblance  of  nature.  Had  they  given  tions,  opaque  and  unbroken  on  the  surfaces 
us  staring  green  seas  with  hatchet  edges,  of  the  waves,  or  else,  the  more  common 
such  as  we  see  *  Her  Majesty's  ships  so-  case,  it  is  merely  the  whiteness  of  the 
and-so'  fixed  into  by  the  beads  or  sterns  wave  shaded  gradually  off,  as  if  it  were  the 
in  the  outer-room  of  the  academy,  the  light  side  of  a  spherical  object,  of  course 


thing  would  have  been  comprehensible; 
there  is  a  natural  predilection  in  the  mind 
of  man  for  green  waves  with  curling  tops, 
hut  not  for  clay  and  wool ;  and  the  colour, 


representing  every  breaker  as  crested,  not 
with  spray,  but  with  a  puff  of  smoke. 
Neither  let  it  be  supposed  that  in  so 
doing  they  had  any  intention  of  represent- 


*  We  saw  last  summer  a  sea-piece  of  Vandevelde  sold  at  the  Earl  of  Lichfield's  sale 
at  Shugbrooke  for  1200/.  to  a  dealer ;  we  believe,  to  Mr.  Smith  of  Bond  Street. — Rev, 


1843.] 


in  Landscape  Painting  to  ih^  Ancient  Masters. 


461 


iBg  tke  TsporoBS  spray  tak«n  off  wild  waTes 
by  Tioknt  wind.  That  magnificent  effect 
<mly  taktB  plaee  on  large  breakers,  and 
bM  no  appearance  of  smoke  except  at  a 
little  distence ;  seen  near,  it  is  dust.  But 
tiM  Dutch  painters  cap  every  little  cutting 
ffippie  with  smoke,  evidently  intending  it 
for  foam,  and  evidently  thus  representing 
it  because  they  had  not  sufficient  power 
over  the  brush  to  produce  the  broken 
effect  of  real  spray.  Their  seas,  in  con- 
sequence, have  neither  frangibility  nor 
brilliancy  ;  they  do  not  break,  but  evapo- 
rate; their  foam  neither  flies,  nor  sparkles, 
nor  springs,  nor  wreathes,  nor  curdles, 
nay  it  is  not  even  white,  nor  has  the  effect 
of  white,  but  of  a  dirty  efflorescence  or 
exhalation,  and  their  ships  are  inserted 
into  this  singular  sea  with  peculiar  want 
of  truth ;  for,  in  nature,  three  circnm- 
stances  contribute  to  disguise  the  water- 
line  upon  the  wood  ;  vdiere  a  wave  is  thin, 
the  colour  of  the  wood  is  shown  a  little 
through  it ;  when  a  wave  is  smooth,  the 
colour  of  the  wood  is  a  little  reflected  upon 
it ;  and,  when  a  wave  is  broken,  its  foam 
more  or  less  obscures  and  modifies  the 
line  of  junction ;  besides  which,  the  wet 
wood  itself  eatches  some  of  the  light  and 
c(Aour  of  the  sea.  Instead  of  this,  the 
water-line  of  the  Dutch  vessels  is  marked 
clear  and  hard  all  round ;  the  water  re- 
Hecting  nothing,  showing  nothing  through 
it,  and  equally  defined  in  edge  of  foam  as 
in  all  other  parts.  Finally,  the  curves  of 
their  waves  are  not  curves  of  projection, 
which  all  sea-lines  are,  but  the  undulating 
lines  of  ropes,  or  other  tough  and  con- 
nected bodies.  Whenever  two  curves 
dissimilar  in  their  nature  meet  in  the  sea, 
of  coarse  they  both  break  and  form  an 
edge  {  but  every  kind  of  curve,  catenary 
or  conic,  is  associated  by  these  paintws 
in  most  admired  disorder,  joined  indis* 
criminately  by  their  extremities.  This 
is  a  point,  however,  on  which  it  is  im- 

Now  we  must  place  in  contrast  to  this  the  author's  descriptioji,  or  at 
least  a  portion  of  it^  of  Turner's  power  in  the  jBame  department  of  paintiiig. 


possible  to  argue  without  going  into  high 
mathematics ;  and  even  then  the  nature 
of  particular  curves,  as  given  by  the  brush, 
would  be  scarcely  demonstrable ;  and  I  am 
tfa«  less  disposed  to  take  much  trouble  about 
it,  because  I  think  that  the  persons  who 
are  really  fond  of  these  works  are  almost 
beyond  the  reach  of  argument.  I  e^n 
understand  why  people  like  Claude,  and 
perceive  much  in  their  sensations  which 
is  right  and  legitimate,  and  which  can  be 
appealed  to,  and  I  can  give  them  credit 
for  perceiving  more  in  him  than  I  am  at 
present  able  to  perceive ;  but  when  J  hear 
of  persons  honestly  admiring  Yandevelde 
or  Backhuysen,  I  think  there  must  be 
something  physically  wrong  or  wanting 
in  their  perceptions — at  least,  I  can  form 
no  estimate  of  what  their  notions  or  fee]^ 
ings  are,  and  cannot  hope  for  anything  of 
principle  or  opinion  common  between  us 
which  I  can  address  or  understand.  The 
seas  of  Claude  are  the  finest  pieces  of 
water-painting  in  ancient  art*  I  do  not 
say  that  I  like  them,  because  they  appear 
to  me  selections  of  Uie  particular  moment 
when  the  sea  is  most  insipid  and  charac- 
terless ;  but  I  think  that  they  are  exceed- 
ingly true  to  the  forms  and  time  selected, 
or,  at  least,  that  the  fine  instances  of  them 
are  so,  of  which  there  are  exceedingly  few« 
Anything  and  everything  is  fathered  upon 
him,  and  he  probably  committed  many 
mistakes  himself,  and  was  occasionally 
right  rather  by  accident  than  by  knowledge. 
Claude  and  Ruysdael,  then,  may  be  con- 
sidered as  the  only  two  men  among  the 
old  masters  who  could  paint  anything  like 
watei:  in  extended  spaces,  or  in  aetion. 
The  great  mass  of  the  landscape  painters* 
thou^  they  sometimes  succeeded  in  the 
imitation  of  a  pond  or  a  gutter,  display, 
wherever  they  have  space  or  opportunity 
to  do  so,  want  of  feeling  in  every  efliNri, 
and  want  of  knowledge  in  every  line*" 


^*  Beyond  dispute,  the  noblest  sea  that 
Turner  has  ever  painted,  and  therefore  the 
noblest  ever  painted  by  man,  is  that  of  the 
Slave  Ship,  the  chief  Academy  picture  of 
the  exhibition  of  1840.  It  is  a  sunset  on 
the  Atlantic,  after  prolonged  storm ;  but 
the  storm  is  partially  lulled,  and  the  torn 
and  streaming  rain-clouds  are  moving  in 
scarlet  lines  to  lose  themselves  in  the 
hollow  of  the  night.  The  whole  surfiice 
of  sea  included  in  the  picture  is  divided 
into  two  ridges  of  enormous  swell,  not 
high,  nor  local,  but  a  low,  broad  heaving 
of  the  whole  ocean,  like  the  lifting  of  its 
bosom  by  deepdrawn  breath  after   the 


torture  of  the  storm.  Between  these  two 
ridges  the  fire  of  the  sunset  falls  along  the 
trough  of  the  sea,  dyeing  it  with  an  awful 
but  glorious  light,  the  intense  and  lurid 
splendour  which  burns  like  gold  and 
bathes  like  blood.  Along  this  fiery  path 
and  valley  the  tossing  waves  by  which  the 
swell  of  the  sea  is  restlessly  divided  lift 
themselves  in  dark,  indefinite,  fantastic 
forms,  each  casting  a  faint  and  ghastly 
shadow  behind  it  idong  the  illumined 
foam.  They  do  not  rise  everywhere,  but 
three  or  four  together  in  wild  groups,  fit- 
fully and  furiously,  as  the  under  strength 
of  the  swell  compels  or  permits  them. 


462 


Modern  Painters  ;  their  Superiority 


[Nov. 


the  uight,  which  gathers  cold  and  low,  ad- 
vancing like  the  shadow  of  death  upon 
the  guilty  ship,'*'  as  it  labours  amidst  the 
lightning  of  the  sea,  its  thin  masts  written 
upon  the  sky  in  lines  of  blood,  girded  with 
condemnation  in  that  fearful  hue  which 
signs  the  sky  with  horror,  and  mixes  its 
flaming  flood  with  the  sunlight,  and,  cast 
far  along  the  desolate  heave  of  the  sepul- 
chral waves,  incarnadines  the  multitudi- 
nous sea,'*  &c. 


leaving  between  them  treacherous  spaces 
of  level  and  whirling  water — now  lighted 
with  green  and  lamp-like  fire — nowflashing 
back  the  gold  of  the  declining  sun — now 
fearfully  dyed  from  above  with  the  indis- 
tinguishable images  of  the  burning  clouds, 
which  fall  upon  them  in  flakes  of  crimson 
and  scarlet,  and  give  to  the  reckless  waves 
the  added  motion  of  their  own  fiery  flying. 
Purple  and  blue,  the  lurid  shadows  of  the 
hollow  breakers  are  cast  upon  the  mist  of 

Of  Rubens  lie  thus  speaks  : — 

'Mt  is  curious,  after  hearing  people 
expose  themselves  in  maligning  some  of 
Turner's  noble  passages  of  light,  to  pass 
to  some  really  ungrammatical  and  false 
picture  of  the  old  masters,  in  which  we 
liave  colour  given  without  light.  Take, 
for  instance,  the  landscape  attributed  to 
Rubens,  No.  175  in  the  Dulwich  Gallery. 
I  never  have  spoken,  and  I  never  will  speak, 
of  Rubens  but  wilh  the  most  reverential 
feeling.  I  look  upon  him,  taken  merely  as 
an  artist,  as  the  master  of  masters,  alone  and 
incomparable,  and  I  fully  expect  that  the 
world  will  see  another  Titian  and  another 
Raffaelle  before  it  sees  another  Rubens. 
Whenever,  therefore,  I  see  anything  at- 
tributed to  him  artistically  wrong,  or 
testifying  a  want  of  knowledge  of  nature, 
or  of  feeling  for  colour,  I  become  instantly 
incredulous,  and,  if  I  ever  advance  any- 
thing affirmed  to  be  his  as  such,  it  is  not 
80  much  under  the  idea  that  it  can  be  his 
as  to  show  what  a  great  name  can  impose 
upon  the  public.    The  landscape  I  speak 

We  now  approach  the  illustrious  names  of  G.  Poussin  and  Claude,  the 
reputed  masters  of  the  art  of  representing  nature  on  canvass,  and  flinging 
round  her  beauties  and  illuminations  not  her  own.  When  these  names 
were  pronounced,  we  have  never  been  accustomed  to  listen  except  to  the 
voice  of  praise  and  admiration  3  but  we  must  now  learn  a  different  lan-> 
guage. 


of  has  beyond  a  doubt  high  qualities  in  it : 
I  can  scarcely  make  up  my  mind  whether  to 
like  it  or  not ;  but  at  any  rate  it  is  some- 
thing which  Uie  public  are  in  the  habit  of 
admiring  and  taking  upon  trust  to  any 
extent.  Now  the  sudden  streak  and  circle 
of  yellow  and  crimson  in  the  middle  of 
the  sky  of  that  picture,  being  the  occur- 
rence of  a  fragment  of  a  sunset  colour  In 
pure  daylight,  and  in  perfect  isolation,  while 
at  the  same  time  it  is  rather  darker  when 
translatedinto  light  and  shade  than  brighter 
than  the  rest  of  the  sky,  is  a  case  of  such 
bold  absurdity,  come  from  whose  pencil  it 
may,  that  if  every  error  which  Turner  has 
fallen  into  in  the  whole  course  of  his  life 
were  concentrated  into  one,  that  one  would 
not  equal  it ;  and,  as  our  connoisseurs  gaze 
upon  this  with  never-ending  approbation^ 
we  must  not  be  surprised  that  the  accurate 
perceptions  which  thus  take  delight  in  pure 
fiction  should  consistently  be  disgusted 
by  Tumer*s  fidelity  and  truth." 


"  There  is  in  the  first  room  of  the  Na- 
tional Gallery  a  landscape  attributed  to 
Gaspar  Poussin,  called  sometimes  '^ricta,* 
sometimes  Le  or  La  RicciOf  according  to 
the  fancy  of  catalogue  printers.  Whether 
it  can  be  supposed  to  resemble  the  ancient 
Aricia,  now  La  Riccia,  close  to  Albano,  I 
will  not  take  upon  me  to  determine,  seeing 
that  most  of  the  towns  of  these  old  masters 
are  quite  as  like  one  place  as  another  ;  but 
at  any  rate  it  is  a  town  on  a  hill,  wooded 
with  two  and  thirty  bushes,  of  very  uniform 
size,  and  possessing  about  the  same  number 
of  leaves  each.  These  bushes  are  all  painted 


in  with  one  dull  opaque  brown,  becoming 
very  slightly  greenish  towards-  the  lights, 
and  discover  in  one  place  a  bit  of  rock, 
which  of  course  would  in  nature  have  been 
cool  and  grey  beside  the  lustrous  hues  of 
foliage,  and  which,  therefore,  being  more- 
over completely  in  shade,  is  consistently 
and  scientifically  painted  of  a  very  clear, 
pretty,  and  positive  brick  red,  the  only 
thing  like  colour  in  the  picture.  The 
foreground  is  a  piece  of  road,  which,  in 
order  to  make  allowance  for  its  greater 
nearness,  for  its  being  completely  in 
light,  and,  it  may  be  presumed,  for  the 


*  She  is  a  slaver,  throwing  her  slaves  overboard  to  escape.    The  near  sea  is  en- 
cumbered  with  corpses. 


1843.]  in  Landscape  Painting  to  the  Ancient  Masters, 


46a 


quantity  of  Tegetation  usoallj  present  on 
carriage  roads,  is  given  in  a  very  cool- 
green  grey,  and  the  truthful  colouring  of 
the  picture  is  completed  by  a  number  of 
dots  in  the  sky  on  the  right,  with  a  stalk 
to  them  of  a  sober  and  similar  brown. 
Not  long  ago  I  was  slowly  descending  this 
yery  bit  of  carriage  road,  the  first  turn 
after  you  leave  Albano,  not  a  little  im- 
peded by  the  worthy  successors  of  the 
antient  prototypes  of  Veiento.*  It  had 
been  wild  weather  when  I  left  Rome,  and 
all  across  the  Campagna  the  clouds  were 
sweeping  in  sulphurous  blue,  with  a  clap 
of  thunder  or  two,  and  breaking  gleams 
of  sun  along  the  Claudian  aqueduct, 
lighting  up  the  infinity  of  its  arches  like 
the  bridge  of  Chaos.  But  as  I  climbed 
the  long  slope  of  the  Alban  Mount  the 
storm  swept  finally  to  the  North,  and  the 
noble  outline  of  the  domes  of  Albano,  and 
graceful  darkness  of  its  ilex  grove,  rose 
against  pure  streaks  of  alternate  blue  and 
amber,  the  upper  sky  gradually  flushing 
through  the  last  fragments  of  rain -cloud, 
in  deep  palpitating  azure,  half  aether  and 
half  dew.  The  noonday  sun  came  slant- 
ing down  the  rocky  slopes  of  La  Riccia, 
and  its  masses  of  entangled  and  tall  foliage, 
whose  autumnal  tints  were  mixed  with  the 
wet  verdure  of  a  thousand  evergreens,  were 
penetrated  with  it,  as  with  rain.  I  can- 
not call  it  colour — it  was  conflagration. 
Purple  and  crimson  and  scarlet,  like  the  sea. 
curtains  of  God's  tabernacle,  the  rejoicing 

After  discussiDg  the  difficulty  of  representing  Jbliage  with  truth  and 
elegance^  and  showing  the  laws  common  to  all  forest  trees  as  regards  their 
branches,  and  the  cause  of  the  diminution  of  them,  by  throwing  forth  little 
twigs  and  sprays,  and  the  degree  of  tapering  which  may  be  considered  as 
continuous,  the  critic  proceeds  to  observe  : — 


trees  sank  into  the  valley  in  showers  of 
light,  every  separate  leaf  quivering  with 
buoyant  and  burning  life — each,  as  it 
turned  to  reflect  or  to  transmit  the  sun- 
beam, first  a  torch  and  then  an  emerald. 
Far  up  into  the  recesses  of  the  valley  the 
green  vistas,  arched  like  the  hollows  of 
mighty  waves  of  some  crystalline  sea,  with 
the  arbutus  flowers  dashed  along  their 
flanks  for  foam,  and  silver  flakes  of  orange 
spray  tossed  into  the  air  around  them^ 
breidLing  over  the  grey  walls  of  rock  into 
a  thousand  separate  stars,  fading  and 
kindling  alternately  as  the  weak  wind 
lifted  and  let  them  fall.  Every  blade 
of  grass  burned  like  the  golden  floor  of 
Heaven,  opening  in  sudden  gleams  as  the 
foliage  broke  and  closed  above  it,  as  sheet- 
lightning  opens  in  a  cloud  at  sunset.  The 
motionless  masses  of  dark  rock — dark 
though  flushed  with  scarlet  lichen — cast- 
ing their  quiet  shadows  across  its  restless 
radiance ;  the  fountain  underneath  them, 
filling  its  marble  hollow  with  blue  mist  and 
fitful  sound ;  and  over  all,  the  multitudi- 
nous bars  of  amber  and  rose — the  sacred 
clouds  that  have  no  darkness,  and  only 
exist  to  illumine,  were  seen  in  fathomless 
intervals,  between  the  solemn  and  orbed 
repose  of  the  stone  pines,  passing  to  lose, 
themselves  in  the  last,  white,  blinding 
lustre  of  the  measureless  line  where  the. 
Campagna  melted  into  the  blaze  of  the 


*t 


''  And  therefore  we  see  at  once  that  the 
stem  of  Gaspar  Poussin*s  tall  tree  on  the 
right  of  *  La  Riccia  *  in  the  National 
Gallery  is  a  painting  of  a  carrot  or  a 
parsnip,  not  of  the  trunk  of  a  tree  ;  for, 
being  so  near  that  every  individual  leaf  is 
visible,  we  should  not  have  seen  in  nature 
one  branch  or  stem  actually  tapering.  We 
should  have  received  an  impression  of 
graceful  diminution,  but  we  should  have 
been  able  on  examination  to  trace  it  joint 
by  joint,  fork  by  fork,  into  the  thousand 
minor  supports  of  the  leaves.  Gaspar 
Foussin's  stem,  on  the  contrary,  only 
sends  o£F  four  or  five  minor  branches  al- 
together^  and  both  it  and  they  taper  vio- 
lently, and  without  showing  why  or 
wherefore — without  parting  with  a  single 


twig — without  showing  one  vestige  of 
roughness  or  excrescence,  and  leaving, 
therefore,  their  unfortunate  leaves  to  hold 
on  as  best  they  may.  The  latter,  however, 
are  clever  leaves,  and  support  themselves 
as  swarming  bees  do — Changing  on  by  each 
other.  But  even  this  precious  piece  of 
work  is  a  jest  to  the  perpetration  of  the 
bough  at  the  left-hand  upper  corner  of  the 
picture  opposite  to  it — ^the  'View  near  Al- 
bano.' This  is  a  fine  example  of  the 
general  system  of  bough  drawing  of  the 
Italian  School.  It  is  a  representation  of 
an  ornamental  group  of  elephants'  tusks, 
with  feathers  tied  to  the  ends  of  them. 
Not  the  wildest  imagination  could  ever 
qonjure  up  in  it  the  remotest  resemblance 
to  the  bough  of  a  tree.     It  might  be  the 


*  **  Ciecus  adulator — 

Dignus  Aricinos  qui  mendicaret  ad  axes, 
Bluidaque  devezse  jactaret  basia  rhedie." 


464  Modem  Painters  J  their  Superioritf  [Nov. 

daws  of  a  witcb — the  talons  of  an  eagle —  ment  by  looking  at  real  art.    We  need 

the  horns  of  a  fiend  ;  bat  it  is  a  fall  as-  not  go  to  Tamer ;  we  will  go  to  the  mam 

semblage  of  every  conceivable  falsehood  who,  next  to  him,  is  nnqaestionably  the 

which  can  be  told  respecting  foliage — a  greatest  master  of   foliage  in  Europe — 

piece  ot  work  so  barbarous  in  every  way  J.  D.  Harding.     Take  the  trank  of  the 

that  one  glance  at  it  might  prove  to  the  largest  stone  pine  (Plate  35)  in  the  *  Park 

mind  of  any  man  of  the  slightest  know-  and  the  Forest/     For  the  first  nine  or  ten 

ledge  of  or  feeling  for  nature  the  complete  feet  from  the  ground  it  does  not  lose  one 

charlatanism  and  trickery  of  the  whole  hair's-breadth  of  its  diameter;  but   the 

system  of  the  old  landscape  painters  ;  for  shoot,  broken  off,  just  under  the  crossing 

I  will  depart  for  once  from  my  usual  plan  of  part  of  the  distant  tree,  is  followed  by 

abstaining  from  all  assertion  of  a  thing's  an  instant  diminution  of  the  trunk,  per- 

being  beautiful  or  otherwise  t  I  will  say  here  fectly  appreciable  both  by  the  eye  and  the 

at  once  that  such  drawing  as  this  is  as  ugly  compasses.     Again,  the  stem    nudntatna 

at  it  is  childish,  and  as  painful  as  it  is  false  ;  undiminished  Uiickness  up    to   the    two 

and  that  the  man  who  coald  tolerate,  much  shoots  on  the  left,  from  the  loss  of  which 

more  who  could  deliberately  set  down,  it    suffers    again    perceptibly.      On    the 

such  a  thing  on  his  canvass,  had  neither  right,  immediately  above,  is  the  itmnp  of 

eye  nor  feeling  for  one  single  attribute  or  a  very  large  bough,  whose  loss  reduceg 

excellence  of  God's  works.     He   might  the  trunk  suddenly  to  about  two-thirds  of 

have  drawn  the  other  stem  in  excusable  Yrh&t    it  was    at  the  root.     Diminirited 

ignorance,  or  under  some  false  impression  again,   less  considerably,   by  the    minor 

of  being  able  to  improve  upon  nature ;  branch  close  to  this  stump,  it  now  retaina 

but  thU  is  conclusive  and  unpardonable,  its  diameter  up  to  the  three    branehetf 

Again, — take  the  stem  of  the  chief  tree  broken  off  just  under  the  head,  where  it 

in  Claude's  Narcissus  ;  it  is  a  very  faith-  once  more  loses  in  diameter,  and  finally 

fulportraitof  a  large  boa-constrictor,  with  branches    into    the    multitude  of   head- 

a  handsome  tail — the  kind  of  trunk  which  boughs,  of  which  not  one  will  be  found 

young    ladies    at    fashionable   boarding-  tapering  in  any  part,  but  losing  them- 

schools  represent  with  nosegays   at  the  selves  gradually  by  division  among  their 

top  of  them,  by  way  of  forest  scenery,  off- shoots  and  spray.    Now  this  is  nature 

But  let  us  refresh  ourselves  for  a  mo-  and  beauty  too,''  &c. 

Again  he  proceeds  on  the  same  subject  :— 

**  But  it  is  only  by  looking  over  the  —no  roughness  nor  character  of  stem ; 

sketches  of  Claude  in  the  British  Museum  its  boughs  do  not  grow  out  of  each  other^ 

that  a  complete  and  just  idea  is  to  be  but   are   stuck   into   each    other:    they 

formed  of  his  capacities  of  error ;  for  the  ramify    without    diminishing,     diminiah 

feeling  and  arrangement  of  many  of  them  without  ramifying,    are    terminated    by 

is  that  of  an  advanced  age,  so  that  we  can  no  comjdicated  sprays,  have  their  leavea 

scarcely  set  them  down  for  what  they  re-  tied  to  their  ends  like  the  heads  of  Dutch 

temble — the  work  of  a  boy  of  ten  years  brooms,  and  finally  and  chiefly  ^ey  are 

old  ;  and  the  drawing  being  seen,  without  evidently  not  made  of  wood,  but  of  some 

any  aids  of  tone  or  colour  to  set  it  off,  soft  elastic  substance  which  the  wind  can 

shows  in  its  naked  falsehood.    The  windy  stretch  out  as  it  pleases,  for  there  is  not  a 

landscape  of  Poussin,  also  opposite  the  vestige  of  an  angle  in  any  one  of  them. 

Dido  and  ^neas  in  the  Nationed  Gallery,  Now  the    fiercest  wind  that  ever  blew 

presents  ua  in  the  foreground  tree  with  upon  the  earth  could  not  take  the  anglei 

a  piece  of  atrocity  which,  I  think,  to  any  out  of  the  bough  of  a  tree  an  inch  thick* 

person  who  candidly  considers  it,  may  save  The  whole  bough  bends  together,  retain* 

me  ^  further  trouble  of  demonstrating  the  ing  its  elbows  and  angles  and  natural  form, 

errors  of  ancient  art.     I  do  not  in  the  but  affected  throughout  with  curvatore  in 

least  suspect  the  picture — the  tdnes  of  it,  each  of  its  parts  and  joints ;  that  part  of 

and  much  of  the  handling,  are  masterly,  it  which  was  before  perpendicular  being 

I  believe  it  will,  some  time  or  another,  if  bent  aside,   and  that  whidi  was  before 

people  ever  begin  to  think  with  their  own  sloping  being  bent  into  still  greater  in- 

heads,  and  see  with  their  own  eyes,  be  clination,  the  angle  at  which  the  two  parta 

the  death-warrant  of  Gaspar*s  reputation,  meet  remains  the  same ;  or,  if  the  strain 

signed  with  his  own  hand.    That  fore-  be  put  in  the  opposite  dhrection,  the  bough 

ground  tree  comprises  every  conceivable  will  break  long  before  it  loses  its  angle* 

violation  of  truth  which  the  human  hand  You    will  find  it  difficult  to  bend  the 

can  commit,    or  head  invent,  in  draw-  angles  out  of  the  youngest  sapling,  if  they 

ing  a  tree — except  only  that  it  is  not  be  marked,    and    absolutely    impossible 

drawn  root  uppermost     It  has  no  bark  with  a  strong  bough.    You  may  break  it, 
2 


1843.]  in  Landscape  Painting  to  the  Ancient  Masters, 


465 


but  you  will  not  destroy  its  angles.  And 
if  yon  watch  a  tree  in  the  wildest  storm, 
you  will  find  that,  though  all  its  boughs 
are  bending,  none  lose  their  character, 
but  the  utmost  shoots  and  sapling  spray. 


Hence  Gaspar  Poussin,  by  his  bad  draw- 
ing, does  not  make  his  storm  strong  but 
his  tree  weak  ;  he  does  not  make  his  gust 
violent,  but  his  boughs  of  Indian-rubber,*' 
&c. 


After  comparing  the  superior  trutli  of  Turner  in  his  delineation  of  trees^ 
and  that  of  other  modern  artists,  as  Harding  and  Creswick,  and  showing 
how  amid  intricacy  they  have  marked  and  preserved  nature's  unity  and 
harmony  of  shade^  the  perfect  repose  and  quiet  resulting  from  the  whole, 
he  goes  on  to  say, 


'*  Now  it  is  here  that  Hobbima  and 
Both  fail.  They  can  paint  oak  leafage 
faithfully,  but  do  not  know  where  to  stop, 
and  by  doing  too  much  lose  the  truth  of 
all, — lose  the  very  truth  of  detail  at  which 
they  aim,  for  all  their  minute  work  only 
gives  two  leaves  to  nature's  twenty.  They 
are  evidently  incapable  of  even  thinking 
of  a  tree,  much  more  of  drawing  it,  ex- 
cept leaf  by  leaf  ;  they  have  no  notion  or 
sense  of  simplicity,  mass,  or  obscurity, 
and  when  they  come  to  distance,  where  it 
is  totally  impossible  that  leaves  should  be 


separately  seen,  yet  being  incapable  of 
conceiving  or  rendering  the  grand  and 
quiet  forms  of  truth,  they  are  reduced  to 
paint  their  bushes  with  dots  and  touches 
expressive  of  leaves  three  feet  broad  each. 
Nevertheless  there  is  a  genuine  aim  in 
their  works,  and  their  failure  is  rather  to 
be  attributed  to  ignorance  of  art,  than  to 
such  want  of  sense  for  nature  as  we  find 
in  Claude*  or  Poussin ;  and  when  they 
come  close  home,  we  sometimes  receive 
from  them  fine  passages  of  mechanical 
truth,*'  &c. 


In  one  of  his  concluding  chapters  the  author  concentrates  his  remarks 
on  the  truth  of  his  favourite  artist  Turner,  whose  works  he  has  delighted 
to  illustrate^  and  to  whose  genius  he  has  laboured  to  raise  a  monument  of 
glory,  composed  of  the  ruins  of  his  predecessors^  and  of  those  false  shrines 
which  he  considers  to  have  been  so  unworthily  frequented  by  worshippers. 

**  The  difference  in  the  accuracy  of  the 
lines  of  the  Torso  of  the  Vatican,  (the 
Maestro  of  M.  Angelo,)  from  those  in 
one  of  M.  Angelo's  finest  works,  could 
perhaps  scarcely  be  appreciated  by  any 
eye  or  feeling  undisciplined  by  the  most 
perfect  and  practical  anatomical  know- 
ledge. It  rests  on  points  of  such  trace- 
less  and  refined  delicacy,  that,  though  we 
feel  them  in  the  result,  we  cannot  ^Uow 
them  in  the  details.  Yet  they  are  such 
and  so  great  as  to  place  the  Torso  alone 
in  art,  solitary  and  supreme,  while  the 
finest  of  M.  Angelo's  works,  considered 
with  respect  to  truth  alone,  are  said  to  be 
only  on  a  level  with  antiques  of  the 
second  class,  under  the  Apollo  and  the 
Venus,  that  is,  two  classes  or  grades 
below  the  Torso.  But  suppose  the  best 
sculptor  in  the  world,  possessing  the  most 
entire  appreciation  of  the  excellence  of 
the  Torso,  were  to  sit  down,  pen  in  hand, 
to  try  and  tell  us  wherein  the  peculiar 
truth  of  each  line  consisted  ?  could  any 
words  that  he  could  use  make  us  feel  the 
hair's-breadth  of  depth  and  distance  on 


which  all  depends?  or  end  in  anything 
more  than  bare  assertions  of  the  in- 
feriority of  this  line  to  that,  which,  if  we 
did  not  perceive  for  ourselves,  no  explana- 
tion could  ever  illustrate  to  us?  He 
might  as  well  endeavour  to  explain  to  us 
by  words  some  taste  or  other  subject  of 
sense  of  which  we  had  no  experience. 
And  so  it  is  with  all  truths  of  the  highest 
order ;  they  are  separated  from  those  of 
average  precision  by  points  of  extreme 
delicacy,  which  none  but  the  cultivated 
eye  can  in  the  least  feel,  and  to  express 
which  all  words  are  absolutely  meaning- 
less and  useless.  Consequently,  in  all 
that  I  have  been  saying  of  the  truth  of 
artists,  I  have  been  able  to  point  out  only 
coarse,  broad,  and  explicable  matters  ;  I 
have  been  perfectly  unable  to  express 
(and  indeed  I  have  made  no  endeavour  to 
express)  the  finely-drawn  and  distin- 
guished truth  in  which  all  the  real  excel- 
lence of  art  consists.  All  those  truths 
which  I  have  been  able  to  explain  and 
demonstrate  in  Turner  are  such  as  any 
artist  of  ordinary  powers  of  observation 


*  The  author  owns  that  the  foliage  of  Claude  in  his  middle  distances  is  the  finest 
and  truest  parts  of  his  pictures,  and  on  the  whole  affords  the  best  examples  of  good 
drawing  to  be  found  in  ancient  art,  though  he  says  that  it  is  false  in  colour,  and  has 
not  boughs  enough  amongst  it. 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX.  3  O 


466 


Modem  Painters ;  their  Superiority 


[Nor. 


ought  to  be  capable  of  rendering.  It  is 
disgraceful  to  omit  them  ;  but  it  is  no 
very  great  credit  to  observe  them.  I  have 
indeed  proved  that  they  have  been  ne- 
glected, and  disgracefully  so,  by  those 
men  who  are  commonly  considered  the 
fathers  of  art ;  but,  in  showing  that  they 
have  been  observed  by  Turner,  I  have 
only  proved  him  to  be  above  other  men 
in  knowledge  of  truth,  I  have  not  given 
any  conception  of  his  own  positive  rank 
as  a  painter  of  nature.  But  it  stands  to 
reason,  that  the  men  who,  in  broad, 
simple,  and  demonstrable  matters  are  per- 
petually violating  truth,  will  not  be  par- 
ticularly accurate  or  careful  in  carrying 
out  delicate  and  refined  and  undemon- 
strable  matters  ;  and  it  stands  equally  to 
reason,  that  the  man  who,  as  far  as  argu- 
ment or  demonstration  can  go,  is  found 
invariably  truthful,  will,  in  all  proba- 
bility, be  truthful  to  the  last  line,  and 
shadow  of  a  line.  And  such  is,  indeed, 
the  case  witii  every  touch  of  this  consum- 
mate artist ;  the  essential  excellence — all 
that  constitutes  the  real  and  exceeding 
value  of  his  works,  is  beyond  and  above 
expression  :  it  is  a  truth  inherent  in  every 
line,  and  breathing  in  every  hue,  too  deli- 
cate and  exquisite  to  admit  of  any  kind 
of  proof,  nor  to  be  ascertained  except  by 
the  highest  of  tests — the  keen  feeling  at- 
tained by  extended  knowledge  and  long 
study.  Two  lines  are  laid  on  canvass; 
one  is  right  and  another  wrong.  There  is 
no  difference  between  them  appreciable 
by  the  compasses — none  appreciable  by 
the  ordinary  eye — none  which  can  be 
pointed  out,  if  it  is  not  seen.  One  per- 
son feels  it ;  another  does  not  *,  but  the 
feeling  or  sight  of  the  one  can  by  no 
words  be  communicated  to  the  other  :  it 
would  be  unjust  if  it  could,  for  that  feel- 
ing and  sight  have  been  the  reward  of 
years  of  labour.  And  there  is,  indeed, 
nothing  in  Turner — not  one  dot  nor 
line — whose  meaning  can  be  understood 
without  knowledge ;  because  he  never 
aims  at  sensual  impressions,  but  at  the 
deep  final  truth,  which  only  meditation 
can  discover,  and  only  experience  recog- 
nize. There  is  nothing  done  or  omitted 
by  him,  which  does  not  imply  such  a  com- 
parison of  ends,  such  rejection  of  the 
least  worthy,  (as  far  as  they  are  incom- 
patible with  the  rest,)  such  careful  se- 
lection and  arrangement  of  all  that  can  be 
united,  as  can  only  be  enjoyed  by  minds 
capable  of  going  through  the  same  pro- 
cess, and  discovering  the  reasons  for  the 
choice.  And,  as  there  is  nothing  in  his 
works  which  can  be  enjoyed  without 
knowledge,  so  there  is  nothing  in  them 
which  knowledge  will  not  enable  us  to 
enjoy.    There  is  no  test  of  our  acquaint- 


ance with  Nature  so  absolute  and  unfail. 
ing  as  the  degree  of  admiration  we  feel 
for  Turner's  painting.  Precisely  as  we 
are  shallow  in  our  knowledge,  vulgar  ia 
our  feeling,  and  contracted  in  our  views 
or  principles,  will  the  works  of  this  artist 
be  stumbling  blocks  or  foolishness  to  us ; 
precisely  in  the  degree  in  which  we  are 
familiar  with  Nature,  constant  in  our  ob- 
servation of  her,  and  enlarged  in  our  un- 
derstanding of  her.  will  they  expand  before 
our  eyes  into  glory  and  beauty.  In  every 
new  insight  which  we  obtain  into  the 
works  of  God,  in  every  new  idea  which  we 
receive  from  his  creation,  we  shall  ftndl 
ourselves  possessed  of  an  interpretation 
and  a  guide  to  something  in  Turner's 
works  which  we  had  not  before  under- 
stood. We  may  range  over  Europe  from 
shore  to  shore ;  and  from  every  rock  that 
we  tread  upon,  every  sky  that  passes  over 
our  heads,  every  local  form  of  vegetation 
or  of  soil,  we  shall  receive  fresh  illustra- 
tion of  his  principles — fresh  confirmation 
of  his  facts.  We  shall  feel,  wherever  we 
go,  that  he  has  been  there  before  us — 
whatever  we  see,  that  he  has  seen  and 
seized  before  us ;  and  we  shall  at  last 
cease  the  investigation,  with  a  well- 
grounded  trust,  that  whatever  we  have 
been  unable  to  account  for,  and  what  we 
still  dislike  in  his  works,  has  reason  for 
it,  and  foundation  like  the  rest ;  and  that, 
even  where  he  has  failed  or  erred,  there 
is  a  beauty  in  the  failure  which  none  are 
able  to  equal,  and  a  dignity  in  the  error 
which  none  are  worthy  to  reprove.  There 
has  been  marked  and  constant  progress  in 
his  mind ;  he  has  not,  Uke  some  few 
artists,  been  without  childhood;  his  coarse 
of  study  has  been  as  evident  as  it  has 
been  swiftly  progressive,  and  in  different 
stages  of  the  struggle,  sometimes  one 
order  of  truth,  sometimes  another,  has 
been  aimed  at  or  omitted.  But  from  the 
beginning  to  the  present  height  of  his 
career  he  has  never  sacrificed  a  greater 
truth  to  a  less.  As  he  advanced,  the  pre- 
vious knowledge  or  attainment  was  ab- 
sorbed in  what  succeeded,  or  abandoned 
only  if  incompatible,  and  never  abandoned 
without  a  gain;  and  his  present  works 
present  the  sum  and  perfection  of  his  ac- 
cumulated knowledge,  delivered  with  the 
impatience  and  passion  of  one  who  feels 
too  much,  and  knows  too  much,  and  has 
too  little  time  to  say  it  in,  to  pause  for 
expression  or  ponder  over  his  syllables. 
There  is  in  them  the  obscurity,  but  the 
truth  of  prophecy  ;  the  instinctive  and 
burning  language,  which  would  express 
less  if  it  uttered  more,  which  is  indistinct 
only  by  its  fulness,  and  dark  with  its 
abundant  meaning.  He  feels  now,  with 
long- trained  vividness  and  keekmess  o£ 


1843.]  in  Landscape  Painting  to  the  Ancient  Masters,  467 

sense,  too  bitterly,  the  impotence  of  the  too  well,  he  cannot  palter  over  the  ma- 
hand,  and  the  yainness  of  the  colour  to  terial  littlenesses  of  her  outward  form  ;  he 
catch  one  shadow  or  one  image  of  the  mustgive  her  soul,  or  he  has  done  nothing, 
glory  which  God  has  revealed  to  him.  and  he  cannot  do  this  with  the  flax,  and 
He  has  dwelt  and  communed  with  Nature  the  earth,  and  the  oil,"  &c, 
all  the  days  of  his  life  ;  he  knows  her  now 

Now,  the  question  will  arise  if,  after  all  this  novelty  of  remark,  tliia 
ingenuity  of  reasoning,  tliis  profuse  display  of  examples  and  illustrations, 
this  elaborate  richness  of  description   and  imagery,  and  this  extended 
analysis    of    the    ingredients    of   excellence    in    art,    the    author    has 
proved  his  point,  and  established  the  superiority  of  the  modern  school 
of  art  over  the  ancient  ?      The  first  objection  that  will  naturally  arise  in 
the  general  mind  will  be,  that,  if  he  is  right,   not  only  the  common  and 
public  taste  has  been  in  error,  but  even  those  who  have  written  scien- 
tifically on  the  subject,  our  guides  and  teachers,  have  been  as  wanting 
in   knowledge  as    ourselves.      Many   minute    investigations   have    been 
made  into  the  peculiar  excellence  and  characteristic  merits  of  the  old 
painters,  and  detailed  descriptions  given  of  their  works  by  Reynolds, 
and  Fuseli,  and  Opie,  and  other  learned  professors  of  the  art  among  our 
compatriots,   not  to  speak  of  works  of  authority  and  excellence  in  other 
countries  ;  yet  the  language  of  praise  and  admiration  is  almost  the   only 
one  that  has  reached  our  ears.     We  have   been  directed  to  those  illus- 
trious artists  as  the  very  models  of  excellence,  whom  we  may  endeavour  to 
imitate,  but  never  hope  to  excel  5  and  we  certainly  have  few  intimations^ 
given  of  those  defects  which  are  now  for  the  first  time  so  broadly  and 
boldly  laid  before  us.     We  naturally  ask,  has  this  author  detected  what 
escaped  the  practised  eye  of  Reynolds,  or  eluded  the  vigilant  and  acute  pene- 
tration of  West  and  Fuseli }    It  may  be  so, — we  respect  authority,  but  never 
blindly  follow  it, — yet  he  who  thus  advances  such  startling  opinions,  and 
throws  down  at  once  the  gauntlet  of  defiance,  must  be   prepared  to  find 
the  public  mind  slow  to  believe,  and  unwilling  to  abandon  the  guidance  of 
those  whom  they  have  long  looked  up  to  with  respect  and  confidence,  and 
whose  decisions  have  been  confirmed  by  the  consenting  voice  of  time. 
Secondly,  we  should  require  an  appeal  to  the  respective  works  of  the  rival 
masters, — an  actual  comparison  drawn  from  observation, — we  should  place 
the  landscapes  of  Claude  and  Poussin  beside  those  of  Turner,  so  that  the 
eye  of  the  spectator  might  contemplate  their  respective  merits.    We  should 
let  his  mind  receive  the  full  impressions  they  suggested,  penetrate  the  prin- 
ciples on  which  they  were  composed,  and  apply  the  effects  they  produced  to 
the  objects  which  painting  has  in  view  5  we  should  tell  him  to  dismiss  and 
forget  the  glowing  descriptions  and  too  partial  comparisons  he  has  read  in 
this  volume,  and  turn  from  the  visionary  splendour  of  the  writer's  page  to 
the  real  colours  and  composition   before  him,  and  then  practically  form 
his  own   decision.     We   confess,  that,  to  our  minds,  we  should  be  pre- 
pared to  believe  that  what  has  pleased  so  many   and  so  long,  has  not 
pleased  on  insufficient  grounds  ;  nor  should  we  be  ready  to  admit  at  once 
the  broad  distinctive  line  drawn  by  our  author  between   the  works  of  M. 
Angelo,  Raffaelle,  and  the  historical  painters,  and  those  of  the  later  schools 
in  the  same  country,  because  we  think  we  could  point  out  the  different 
links  of  resemblance  between  theirs  and  other  works  that  have  one  by  one, 
in  successive  periods  of  time,  by  insensible  changes,  united  one  to  the 
other,  till  we  could  find  the  germs  of  Poussin's  manner  and  style  in  some  of 
the  slightest  sketches  of  the  Roman  or  Florentine  school.     We  should  not 
be  unwilling  to  allow  the  great  geaiuB  which  Turner  has  displayed  in  his  art. 


468  Modern  Painters ;  their  Superiority,  ^c.  [Nov. 

and  which  gives  him  an  undisputed  pre-eminence  over  all  his  competitors  ; 
we  should  allow,  and  gladly,  the  magical  effects  of  Ids  pencil  in  the   most 
difficult  and  daring  compositions, — the  skilfulness  and  success  of  his  com- 
binations,— the  extent  of  his  resources, — the  astonishing  brilliancy  of  his 
colouring, — his  imaginative  powers, — his  creative  thought ;  and  we  should 
not  deny  that  in  the  power  of  seizing  and  describing  some  of  the  most 
awful  and  appalling  scenes   on  which  the  human   eye  can  gaze, — when 
nature  herself  seems  gasping  in  the  throes  and  convulsions  of  elemental 
wrath, — in  the  black  and  brooding  tempest, — in  the  ocean  maddened  into 
fury,  and  the  sky  robed  with  thunder,  and  threatening  ruin  and  destruc- 
tion ; — in  such  scenes  the  old  masters  must  yield  all  attempt  at  competi- 
tion ;  but  we  also  believe  that  these  were  effects  which  they,  for  adequate 
reasons,  considered  it  judicious  not  to  represent,  and  which  they  avoided, 
not  because  they  were  unable  to  pourtray  them,  but  because  they  con- 
sidered them  unsuitable  to  their  design,  and  unfitted  to  the  principles  of  their 
art.    The  mind  is  affected  by  the  impressions  made  on  it,  as  the  landscape 
is  by  the  shadows  that  pass  across  its  bosom ;  if  these  impressions  are  too 
powerfully  drawn,  they  are  liable,  after  a  certain  time,  to  lose  their  attrac- 
tion, and  subsequently  pass  away  in  languor  and  indifference.    Permanent 
pleasure  is  derived  from  the  gentle  impulse  of  soft  and  agreeable  emotions 
rising  without  effort,  and  succeeding  each  other  without  distraction.     We 
also  should  agree  with  the  author  of  this  work  in  his  assertion  that  in  his 
acquaintance  with  the  different  forms  of  nature,  as  the  various  strata  of  the 
earth  and  the  shapes  which  they  assume, — the  varieties  of  clouds, — the  pe- 
culiarities of  foliage, — Turner  excelled  the  masters  of  the  Italian  school— 
JQSt  as  the  poets  of  the  present  day  surpass  the  ancients  in  their  descrip- 
tions of  the  individual  forms  of  natural  objects.    In  this  point  the  Seasons  of 
Thomson  are  far  more  graphic  and  exact  than  the  Georgics  of  Virgil, 
or  the  Eclogues  of  Theocritus  3  but  it  was  not  because  the  ancient  poets 
had  no  eye  to  observe,  or  no  power  to  describe,  but  because  they  adopted 
and  maintained  certain  principles  which  did  not  admit  this  mere  transcript 
of  natural  imagery  into  their  works  of  imagination.     Nature,  and  the  forms 
of  nature,  when  they  appear  in  the  descriptive  passages  of  the  ancient 
poets,  do  not  come  as  seen  in  the  transparent  mirror  of  absolute  truth, 
with   every  minute  delineation  that  can  realize  the  object  3  but  as  re- 
flected back  from  the  heart  of  man,  accompanied  and  modified  and  changed 
by  the  associations  and  images  lent  to  them  from  the  mind,  and  which 
give  them  an  impressive  power  and  interest  that  is  not  their  own.     All 
art,  whether  poetic  or  pictorial,  becomes  more  and  more  descriptive  as  it 
advances.     Such  is  the  fact  3  but  the  causes  of  this  change  and  movement, 
though  not  difficult  to  investigate,  lie  beyond  our  present  scope  and  pur- 
pose ;  and  we  must  therefore  hasten  to  conclude,  by  saying,  that  compar- 
ing the  ancient  masters  to  Turner,  as  the  great  leader  and  example  of  the 
moderns,  the  object  they  respectively  have  in  view  does  not  appear  the 
same  3  the  latter  manifesting  their  great  acquirements  in  their  art,  and 
their  pictorial  powers,  by  producing  the  most  forcible  impressions  on   the 
mind  from  different  aspects  of  nature,  and  comprehending  everything,  from 
the   greatest   to  the   minutest  object,  that   can  lend  them  assistance  3 
and  thus,  as  it  were,  filling  the  mind  of  the  spectator  with  great  impres- 
sions, that  he  has  passively  to  receive.  The  ancient  painters  appear  to  us 
rather  to  endeavour  to  act  on  the  mind  by  calling  out  its  own  activity  3   by 
suggesting  some  leading  ideas  to  be  pursued  by  it  into  minuter  investigations ; 
by  awakening  associations  connected  with  general  forms  and  objects  j  by 


1843.] 


Letier  of  Matthew  Guthrie,  M,D, 


469 


avoiding  all  impressions  too  forcible  and  overwhelming,  and  such  as  would 
impair  the  calmness  and  serenity  of  the  mind  ;  and  by  imparting  to  it 
only  such  gentle  emotions  as  may  enable  it  to  preserve  unimpaired  its 
powers  of  judgment  and  taste,  and  by  its  own  suggestions  fill  up  the 
outline  which  tbe  artist  only  had  sketched, — to  multiply  its  beauty  into 
a  thousand  new  and  unexpected  forms,  and^  by  the  prevailing  tone  and 
general  harmony  of  the  whole,  to  give,  as  it  were,  the  hint,  the  key-note 
to  the  impression  which  they  desired  to  produce  ;  and  to  this  point,  both 
in  the  treatment  of  the  composition  and  in  the  tone  and  harmony  of  colour, 
their  aim  was  directed  5  and,  while  the  main  purpose  was  in  view,  we 
allow  that  they  sometimes  neglected  those  particular  forms  and  exact  de- 
lineations, which  has  called  forth  such  severe  criticism  in  the  present  work. 


LETTER    OF   MATTHEW    GUTHRIE,    M.D.    TO    DR.    OARTHSHORE. 


Mr.  Urban,  Oct.  10. 

THE  inclosed  letter  was  purchased 
several  years  ago  together  with  other 
MSS.  which  had  been  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  late  Charles  Combe,  M.D. 
It  is  addressed  to  Maxwell  Garthshore, 
M.D.  F.R.S,  &c.  &c.,  and  alludes  to 
him  as  the  occasional  locum-tenens  of 
Sir  Joseph  Banks.  It  alludes  likewise 
to  Dr.  Garthshore's  son,  who  was  ex- 
pected to  rise  to  great  distinction  as  a 
diplomatist ;  but  a  melancholy  event 
overthrew  all  these  hopes.  He  had 
married  a  Miss  Chalie,  a  lady  of  large 
fortune,  who  was  in  daily  expectation 
of  being  for  the  first  time  confined ; 
but  after  an  illness  of  only  four  hours 
she  unexpectedly  died,  and  Mr.  Garth- 
shore's  powers  of  mind  were  so  much 
shaken  by  this  awful  event  that  he 
never  recovered,  and  in  1806  he  died, 
almost,  if  not  quite,  an  imbecile. 

Of  Dr.  Guthrie,  I  have  not  been 
able  to  obtain  much  information.  He 
was  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  appears 
to  have  practised  originally  as  a  sur- 
geon, for  in  1779  his  name  is  in- 
serted in  the  list  of  the  members  of 
the  then  Corporation  or  Commonalty 
of  Surgeons,  as  "  Matthew  Guthrie, 
Petersburg ;"  but  in  some  subsequent 
lists  he  is  denominated  "  Matthew 
Guthrie,  M.D.  F.R.S.,  Petersburg," 
from  which  it  is  to  be  inferred,  that  he 
obtained  his  diploma  of  M.D.  after  he 
had  started  in  life  as  a  surgeon, — pro- 
bably in  the  army  or  navy. 

His  election  into  the  Royal  Society 
was  in  April  1781,  and  he  was  ad- 
mitted in  June  of  the  same  year. 

He  was  a  man  of  a  strong  vigorous 
mind  and  active  habits,  and  was  held 
in  great  respect  and  estimation   by 


many    persons  of  highly  intellectual 
attainments. 

His  death  is  thus  announced  in  the 
Gentleman's    Magazine,    vol.    Ixxvii. 

p.  979 : 

"  August  7,  1807,  at  St.  Petersburg, 
Matthew  Guthrie,  M.D.  F.R.S.S.  Load, 
and  Edinb.  Physician  to  the  Imperial 
Corps  of  noble  Cadets  in  that  city,  and 
Counsellor  of  State.  He  was  a  native  of 
Scotland,  and  went  early  in  life  into  the 
medical  service  of  Russia.'' 

An  engraved  portrait  of  Dr.  Guthrie 
has  been  published. 

Yours,  &c.     *tkapavBp<o7ros, 

March  24/A  O.  S,  1797. 
Imp.  Corps  of  noble  Land  Cadets, 

Dr.  Sir, 
It  is  an  age  since  I  had  the  plea- 
sure of  hearing  directly  from  my  old 
and  respectable  friend  and  corre- 
spondent, although  I  occasionally  hear 
of  him  indirectly,  as  a  man  of  letters, 
who  assembles  the  literati  at  his 
house,  when  Sir  Joseph  Banks  is  oat 
of  town.  However,  that  sort  of  in- 
formation is  by  no  means  sufficient 
to  satisfy  me ;  I  would  like  to  know 
what  you  are  about,  when  not  feeling 
the  pulse  of  the  sick,  for  your  pro- 
fessional labours,  like  my  own,  jog  on, 
I  make  no  doubt,  with  that  smooth 
monotony  which  accompanies  the  di. 
urnal  rounds  of  an  old  established 
practitioner.  To  show  yon  the  exam- 
ple, I  shall  tell  you  how  my  own  lei- 
sure hours  have  been  employed  since 
we  last  exchanged  a  letter,  and  I  am 
not  sure  if  it  is  not  owing  to  my  hav- 
ing been  so  much  absorbed  for  two  or 
three  years  past  in  the  inquiries  to  be 
mentioned  below,  that  has  made  me  so 
bad  a  correspondent  during  that  period. 


470 


Letter  of  Matthew  Guthrie,  M.D4 


[Nov. 


First  of  all  I  was  employed  for  some 
time  in  concentrating  the  mineralogy 
of  Russia  in  three  tables,  now  hang- 
ing up  in  my  collection,  where,  at  first 
glance  in  a  horizontal  direction,  every 
essential  character  and  quality  of  a 
substance  meets  the  eye,  from  its  ex- 
ternal form  to  its  chemical  analysis. 
One  of  them,  viz.  the  first  and  second 
order  of  gems,  was  published  in  the 
—  volume  of  Dr.  Anderson's  Bee, 
but  in  a  form  that  loses  its  principal 
merit. 

I  next  classed  the  sheep  of  this  em- 
pire in  a  little  work  published  by  Dr. 
Anderson  in  a  pamphlet  of  his  own, 
at  a  time  that  the  ovismania  raged 
in  Britain,  not  amongst  the  species  of 
that  gentle  animal,  but  amongst  the 
primates  of  Linnaeus,  or  his  hpmo 
sapiens,  as  he  is  so  polite  as  to  call 
our  lordly  race. 

After  amusing  myself  for  a  time 
with  stones  and  quadrupeds,  I  had 
recourse  to  bipeds  for  a  change,  and 
published  a  work  in  French  (of  which 
I  believe  I  had  the  honour  of  present- 
ing you  a  copy)  on  Russian  Anti- 
quities,* where  I  point  out  a  striking 
analogy  between  the  ancient  Greeks 
and  Russians  in  their  heathen  mytho- 
logy, customs,  &c.  &c.  If  I  am  mis- 
taken in  your  having  received  a  copy 
of  that  little  work,  according  to  my 
intention,  Mr,  William  Tooke  will  de- 
liver one,  on  letting  him  know  of  the 
omission. 

A  late  journey  for  health  made  by 
your  acquaintance,  Mrs.  Guthrie,  to 
the  new  dominions  of  Russia,  ac- 
quired from  the  Turks  at  the  peace  of 
Kainardgi  and  Jassy,  on  the  north 
shore  of  the  Euxine,  from  the  Dnieper 
to  the  Cuban  rivers,  joined  to  the 
knowledge  I  acquired  on  a  similar 
journey  many  years  ago,  has  fur- 
nished me  with  amusement  for  the  last 
twelve  months,  by  joining  the  an- 
cient and  middle-age  history  of  every 
place  she  visited,  to  her  own  lively 
modern  description  of  it.  But  what 
made  this  tour  more  interesting  to  me, 
is  its  being  in  some  measure  connected 
with  my  former  inquiry ;  for  in  the 
conclusion  of  my  Russian  Antiquities 
I   demonstrate  that  the  ancestors  of 


*  Published  at  St.  Petersburg,  1795, 
8to. 


the  Russians  were  a  pastoral  nomade 
people,  wandering  with  their  herds  in 
the  grassy  plains  on  the  north  shore  of 
the  Euxine,  the  very  country  now 
ceded  to  Russia,  which  Mrs.  Guthrie 
has  been  viewing ;  and  in  the  intro- 
duction to  this  new  work  f  I  show  that 
the  very  coun/ry  indicated  above  was  an- 
ciently covered  with  Greek  colonies,  in- 
timately connected  with  the  pastoral 
nomad es  wandering  in  it,  by  ties  of 
commerce,  and  even  blood,  from  in- 
termarriages, &c.  So  that  as  early  as 
the  time  of  Herodotus,  native  of  the 
opposite  coast  of  Asia  Minor,  (who 
shows  a  wonderful  acquaintance  with 
this  north  shore,  which  he  visited,  and 
his  countrymen  settled  on  it,)  the 
Greek  colonists  had  already  adopted 
in  some  degree  the  dress,  manners^ 
and  even  language  of  the  natives,  and 
had  in  return  communicated  their  lan- 
guage and  religion  to  some  of  the 
hordes  of  Scythians,  (the  generic  name 
of  the  ancients  for  all  the  nations 
wandering  in  those  countries,)  as  this 
father  of  profane  history  expressly 
tells  us. 

The  sketch  just  given  seems  to  me 
a  satisfactory  answer  to  a  question 
put  to  me  by  different  men  of  letters^ 
particularly  the  excentric  Lord  Mont- 
body  [Monboddo  ?]  ;  viz.  "  Where 
and  when  could  the  Russians  have 
had  an  opportunity  of  acquiring  the 
mythology,  customs,  &c.  &c.  of  the 
Greeks?"  This  question,  I  think,  I 
have  now  answered  in  a  clear,  expli- 
cit manner,  and  shown  that  it  probably 
was  in  a  country  which  has  now  be- 
come for  a  second  time  a  part  of  their 
own  empire. 

Please  present  my  kind  compliments 
to  your  son,  my  Petersburg  acquaint- 
ance, as  well  as  to  Sir  Joseph,  and  any 
other  person  who  does  me  the  honour  of 
recollecting  a  Petersburg  practitioner, 
who  has  lived  more  than  a  quarter 
of  a  century  abroad. 

Pray  be  so  kind  as  to  let  me  hear 
from  you  at  your  leisure,  (your  son 
will  inclose  your  letter  to  my  friend. 
Sir  Charles  Whitworth,  whose  secre- 


t  This  Tour  was  published  in  London, 
4to.  1802,  1804.  Mrs.  Martha  Guthrie 
held  the  situation  of  Directress  of  the 
Imperial  Convent  for  the  education  of 
the  Female  NobiUtj  of  Russia. 


1843.] 


The  Costume  qfCoate  Cards* 


471 


tary  is  Mr.  Danant,  my  wife's  son  by 
a  former  marriage,)  and  tell  me  what 
your  British  literati  are  about,  who 
are  not  occupied  with  political  scrib- 
bling, which  seems  the  rage  of  the  day. 
Adieu  I  Dr.  Sir,  and  believe  me  with 
much  sincerity  and  attachment,  your 
old  correspondent  and  friend, 

Mathbw  Guthbib, 


Mb.  Ubban, 

MANY  of  the  readers  of  the  Gent. 
Magazine  may  not  be  aware  that  the 
dresses  represented  on  our  coate-cards 
are  actually  the  same  as  those  which 
prevailed  about  the  time  of  Henry  VII. 
or  VIII.  The  lappets  which  fall  on 
each  side  of  the  faces  of  the  queens 
are,  in  fact,  a  rude  representation  of 
the  dress  of  the  females  of  that  period 
(t.  e.  about  the  year  1500—1540). 
But  the  crown  or  coronet,  as  being 
placed  at  the  back  of  the  head,  may  be 
traced  as  late  as  the  reign  of  Elizabeth 
or  James. 

The  very  curious  satyrical  poem  by 
Samuel  Rowland,  lately  republished 
by  the  Percy  Society,  is  extremely  in- 
teresting, and  strongly  confirms  the 
antiquity  of  the  dresses  of  our  coate- 
cards.  The  knave  of  hearts  (1611) 
complains  against  the  old-fashioned  flat 
caps.  These  flat  caps,  having  several 
cuts  round  the  rim,  may  be  compared 
with  the  old  paintings  and  the  tapestry 
of  the  date  of  1 500-40.  One  of  the  best 
specimens  of  the  flat  cap  with  several 
cuts  or  notches  may  be  found  in  the 
portrait  of  the  celebrated  painter  Ma- 

buse. 

So  late  as  1585,  Stubbe,  in  his 
Anatomic  of  Abuses,  mentions  the 
flat  caps  as  being  "  broade  on  the 
crowne,   like    the    battlements    of   a 

house." 

The  cap  of  the  knave  of  hearts  m 
Rowland's  poem  has  only  a  single  cut 
on  the  rim,  which  may  be  compared 
with  the  unique  fragment  of  the  Sqyr 
of  Lowe  degre  (see  Archaeologia,  vol. 
xxiv.  plate  37,  figs.  20  and  21). 

The  knave  of  hearts  also  complain^ 
against  the  striped  stockings  : 

<*  My  stockings,  idiot-like,    red,    grene, 
and  yalowe,'*  &c. 

These  striped  stockings  may  fre- 
quently be  found  in  old  wood-cuts, 
particularly  in  those  in  the  Triumph 
of  Maximilian,  1517* 


In  the  goodly  interlude  of  Nature* 
wherein  Pride  describes  the  dress  he 
shall  wear — 

**  Then  shall  hys  hosen  be  stryped. 
With  corselettes  of  fyne  velvet,  slyped 

Down  to  the  hard  kne  ; 
And  fro  the  kne  downward, 
Hys  hosen  shal  be  freschely  gard 

Wyth  colours  ij  or  thre." 

Collier* 8 4nnak,  vol*  tup,  302. 

The  pride  of  wearing  the  striped 
coloured  hosen  (although  in  a  different 
part  of  the  dress  from  the  stockings) 
may  be  found  in  the  Persone's  Tale  of 
Chaucer. 

The  word  Jcnave,  which  is  now  used 
as  a  term  of  reproach,  had  formerly 
jrery  different  meanings.  Dr.  Johnson 
gives  us  four,  viz.  1.  "  A  boy  or  man- 
child  ;"  2.  "  A  servant.  Both  thes^ 
are  obsolete  ;"  3.  "  A  petty  rascal,  a 
scoundrel ;"  4.  "  A  card  with  a  sol- 
dier painted  on  it." 

In  Wiclif's  New  Testament  (Apoc. 
xii.)  a  knave-child  means  a  boy  or 
man-child,  and  in  that  sense  it  i^  still 
current  in  Germany. 

The  word  Icnave  being  used  as  a 
term  of  reproach  may  be  traced  as 
early  as  the  reign  of  Queen  Mary,  as 
in  the  following  quotation  from  the 
"  Description  des  Royaulmes  d'Angle* 
terre,  par  Estienne  Perlin,"  in  1558 : 

"Les  gens  de  ceste  nation  hayent 
a  mort  les  Fran^oys,  comme  leur  vielz 
enemis,  et  du  tout  nous  appellant  ^ 
France  chenesve,  France  dogue,  qui  est 
a  dire  maraultz  Fran9oi8,  chiens 
Francois,  et  autrement,  nous  appel- 
lant or-son  villains,  filz  de  putains." 

The  knave  of  clubs  is  represented  in 
our  present  cards  as  holding  an  arrow 
(not  a  bill)  "the  hand- end  upwards, 
and  the  feathers  downe." 

Estienne  Perlin  describes  the  pro- 
cession of  Queen  Mary  thus  :  '•  Der- 
niere  elle  suy  voient  les  arckert  tant  de 
premiere  garde  estovent  habill^  d'es- 
carlatte  rouge,  bend&  de  velours  noir/* 

&c. 

That  Jcnaves  means  rogues  may  be 
found  in  two  passages  in  the  petitions 
of  Troughton  to  the  Privy  Council 
(Archseologia,  xxiii.  p.  32  and  47). 

•'  And  I  said  he  was  a  very  faiotw 
that  put  my  nanft  into  the  boke,  and 
asked  the  constable  whose  dedde  hit 
was,  and  he  poynted  to  the  person, 
saying.  Her  he  standethe  that  pate  in 
y«  name;  whcrfor  I  told  y*  persone 


472 


Swindon  Church. — Monument  to  Butler  the  Poet. 


[Nov. 


that  he  was  a  lewe  mane,  and  bade 
hyme  medle  withe  that  he  hade  to 
do  in."        Yours,  &c. 

John  Adey  Repton. 


Mr.  Urban, 

"WE  are  both,  no  doubt,  obliged  to 
yoirr  correspondent  Siward  for  having 
drawn  attention  to  certain  errors  as  to 
dates,  which,  he  says,  I  have  com- 
mitted in  my  description  of  the  church 
at  Swindon,  published  in  your  Maga- 
zine for  July  last.  But  they  are 
mostly,  I  trust,  pardonable ;  for  if,  in 
stating  my  opinion  "  that  this  edifice 
originally  consisted  only  of  the  chan- 
cel, nave,  and  tower,"  I  had  said  a 
chancel,  nave,  and  tower,  I  should, 
probably,  have  escaped  censure. 

In  his  inference,  however,  (from  its 
windows  I  presume,)  that  the  chancel 
is  of  the  13th  or  14th  century,  I  must 
still  differ  with  him,  as  to  its  north 
wall  at  least,  which  has  the  flat  but- 
tress,  80  decidedly  characteristic  of 
the  11th  and  12th  centuries. 

With  respect  to  the  date  of  the 
south  aile,  which  I  clearly  ascribed 
to  the  15th  century,  I  may  possibly  be 
wrong,  not  having  had  such  oppor- 
tunities for  investigating  theminute  ar- 
chitectural features  of  Swindon  church 
as  your  correspondent  seems  to  have 
had.  But  how,  from  its  design  and 
proportions,  he  ascertained  that  this 
aile  is  of  equal  age  with  the  chancel 
I  do  not  know ;  and  J  doubt  whether 
the  character  of  its  east  window  be 
more  confirmatory  of  this  his  opinion, 
than  the  character  of  its  doorway  be 
of  mine, — so  little  can  we  rely  on  the 
mere  evidence  of  window-cases  and 
doorways  (often  insertions  in  walls  of 
other  times,)  for  giving  the  true  date  of 
any  structure,  without  studying  the 
masonry  of  its  main-walls  and  the 
ornamentations  engaged  in  and  form- 
ing part  of  their  original  construction. 

As  to  the  nurth  aile,  which  alone 
I  meant  to  attribute  to  the  1 7th  cen- 
tury, we  are  not  informed  what  are 
the  "  circumstances "  that  prevent 
this  ugly  portion  from  becoming  avail- 
able for  general  improvement.  But  if 
these  be  no  other  than  manorial 
rights,  surely  they  might,  some  how 
or  other,  be  got  rid  of. 

The  most  interesting  part  of  Swin- 
don church  being  its  tower,  I  must 
3 


again  resist  all  attempts  on  its  sta- 
bility, which  a  large  fissure  in  its 
western  face  (caused  by  the  opening 
of  a  window  through  it,  in  the  15th 
century)  proves  to  have  already  been 
impaired,  and  which  would  certainly 
be  further  endangered  by  the  proposed 
vestry  doorway  through  a  wall  not 
much  more  than  nine  feet  wide, 
although  from  two  to  three  feet  thick. 
It  appears  to  be  imagined,  because 
this  tower  has  been  already  disfigured 
on  one  side  by  the  addition  of  a  porch, 
that  the  addition  of  a  vestry  on  its 
opposite  side,  would  give  it  a  kind  of 
uniformity,  and  perhaps  support. 

But  "  non  tali  auxilio  TurrU  eget;'' 
and  now,  strenuously  protesting 
against  any  alteration  of  a  building, 
so  remarkable  for  its  hexagonal  form 
and  the  inequality  of  its  sides  and 
angles  that  I  believe  it  to  be  unique,  I 
here  revoke  my  suggestion  for  sur- 
mounting it  with  "a  short  conical 
spire ;"  which,  however,  I  never  meant, 
as  your  correspondent  strangely  sup- 
poses, should  be  an  hexagonal  pyra- 
mid ;  but,  simply,  a  right  cone  having 
its  axis  coincident  with  the  centre  of 
the  tower ;  and  this,  I  think,  were  the 
tower  strong  enough,  would  not  pro- 
duce an  "  unsightly  effect." 

And  so,  with  all  due  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  gentlemanlike  tone  in 
which  SiwARD  has  communicated  his 
remarks  on  this  occasion,  I  am  his 
and  your  very  humble  servant, 

Plantagenbt. 


MONUMENT  TO  BUTLER  THE  POST. 

A  MONUMENTAL  tablet  to  the 
memory  of  the  author  of  Hudibras  has 
been  recently  erected  in  Strensham 
church,  Worcestershire,  by  John  Tay- 
lor, esq.  on  whose  estate  the  poet 
drew  his  earliest  breath.  It  is  in  the 
Gothic  style,  and  bears  the  following 
inscription  in  illuminated  characters : 

"This  tablet  was  erected  to  the 
memory  of  Samuel  Butler,  to  transmit 
to  future  ages  that  near  this  spot  was 
born  a  mind  so  celebrated.  In  West- 
minster Abbey,  among  the  poets  of 
England,  his  fame  is  recorded.  Here, 
in  his  native  village,  in  veneration  of 
his  talents  and  genius,  this  tribute  to 
his  memory  has  been  erected  by  the 
possessor  of  the  place  of  his  birth- 
John  Taylor^  Strensham," 


1843.] 

Mr.  Urban, 

IN  your  Magazine  for  June,  page 
587,  J.  R*  has  the  following  remark 
on  the  subject  of  the  Marian  persecu- 
tion :  "  The  English  reader  will  be 
surprised  to  learn,  that  a  Spanish 
friar,  Alphonso  de  Castro,  Philip's 
confessor,  was  the  first  to  procure 
even  a  temporary  suspension  of  the 
Smithfield  executions,  defying  the  Eng- 
lish bishops  to  exhibit  scriptural  au- 
thority '  to  burn  any  one  for  conscience 
sake.'" 

The  English  reader,  Mr.  Urban,  may 
justly  be  surprised  to  read  such  a  sen- 
tence, which  tacitly  implies  that  this 
remarkable  fact  had  been  suppressed 
by  Protestant  writers,  and  only  be- 
come known  through  the  pages  of  fo- 
reigners or  Romanists.  So  far  from 
this  being  the  case,  Romanists  them- 
selves are  indebted  for  their  knowledge 
of  it  to  the  honest  candour  of  Foxe, 
the  English  Martyrologist.  Nor  is  it 
buried  in  his  copious  narrative,  but,  on 
the  contrary,  has  had  its  full  share  of 
publicity  down  to  our  own  time.  It 
may  be  found  in  Burnet,  Heylin, 
Strype,  Collier,  Rapin,  Neal,  Watson, 
Southey,  Short,  Blanco  White,  Turner, 
Mackintosh,  Soames,  and  Keightley, 
and,  no  doubt,  in  others,  whom  1  can- 
not particularize.  The  Biographia 
Britannica,  (art.  Bradford)  has  also 
helped  to  make  it  known. 

Your  correspondent's  words,  that 
De  Castro  procured  a  suspension  of 
the  Smithfield  executions  are  very  po- 
sitive, and  might  further  imply  that  he 
interceded  with  the  English  authori- 
ties to  that  effect.  This,  however,  is 
an  inexact  way  of  stating  the  circum- 
stance, that  he  preached  a  sermon  dis- 
couraging  them.  The  expression,  **  a 
temporary  suspension  of  the  Smith- 
field  executions,"  might  be  taken  by 
cursory  readers  to  mean,  that  not  only 
did  the  fires  cease  to  be  kindled  for  a 
season,  but  that  no  trials  for  heresy 
took  place,  and  that  such  persons  as 
were  then  in  prison  obtained  their  re- 
lease. 

The  original  account  by  Foxe,  to 
which  we  must  recur,  is  thus  given, 
after  relating  the  condemnation  of  se- 
veral persons,  on  the  ninth  of  Fe- 
bruary, 1555,  none  of  whom,  however, 
were  burned  till  five  weeks  after. 

*  *  In  the  meane  time,  what  was  the  cause 
Gent.  Mao.  Vol,  XX. 


J^  pause  in  the  Marian  persecution. 


473 


that  their  execution  was  so  long  deferred 
after  the  condemnation,  I  have  not  pre- 
cisely to  say,  unlesse  peradventure  the 
sermon  of  Alphonsus  the  Spanish  Frier, 
and  the  king's  confessor,  did  some  good. 
For  so  I  finde,  that  when  these  six  per- 
sons aforesaid  were  cast  upon  Saturday 
the  ninth  of  Febmarie,  upon  Sunday  fol- 
lowing, which  was  the  tenth  of  Febmarie, 
the  said  Alphonsus,  a  Grey  Frier,  preach- 
ed before  the  King,  in  which  sermon  he 
did  earnestly  invey  against  the  bishops 
for  burning  of  men,  saying  plainly,  that 
they  learned  it  not  in  scripture,  to  bum 
any  for  his  conscience :  but  the  contrarie, 
that  they  should  live,  and  be  converted, 
with  many  other  things  more  to  the  same 
purport.  But  touching  the  lingering  of 
these  men's  death,  as  I  have  it  not  cer- 
tainly to  afiirm,  so  I  let  it  passe." 
(Foxe,  p.  1389,  col.  2,  ed.  1610.)* 

It  is  plain,  from  the  account  of 
Foxe,  that  the  result  attributed  to  the 
sermon  is  only  conjectural,  and  ought 
not  to  find  a  place  in  history  as  an 
undoubted  fact.  Had  any  resolution 
being  adopted  in  consequence,  or  any 
decided  feeling  prevailed,  it  is  evident^ 
from  Foxe's  language,  that  he  would 
have  recorded  it.     Dr.  Lingard  says  : 

**  Many  were  at  a  loss  to  account  for 
this  discourse,  whether  it  was  the  sponta- 
neous effort  of  the  friar,  or  had  been  sug- 
gested to  him  by  the  policy  of  Philip,  or 
by  the  humanity  of  Cardinal  Pole,  or  by 
the  repugnance  of  the  bishops — it  made, 
however,  a  deep  impression ;  the  execu- 
tion of  the  prisoners  was  suspended  ;  and 
five  weeks  elapsed  before  the  advocates  of 
persecution  could  obtain  permission  to 
rekindle  the  fires  of  Smithfield.*'  (Hist, 
vu.  265.) 

The  numerous  reasons  which  are 
here  suggested  for  the  motive  of  the 
sermon,  only  show  that  the  historian 
is  at  a  loss  what  cause  to  assign.  To 
the  reader's  mind  they  present  a  logical 
labyrinth,  in  which  his  opinion  is  be- 
wildered ;  or,  to  use  another  compa- 
rison, they  resemble  those  medals  of 
Janus,  which  represent  him  with /our 


*  At  page  1473,  Foxe  has  preserved, 
from  Bradford's  papers,  the  false  report 
of  the  substance  of  this  sermon,  in  the 
words  of  a  servant,  who  came  to  see  Brad- 
ford in  prison.  '•*  Well,  sir,  theregoetha 
talk  of  a  friar  that  should  preach  before 
the  King,  and  should  tell  hhn  that  he 
should  be  guilty  of  the  innocent  blood 
that  hath  been  shed  of  late." 

3P 


474 


T%e  pause  in  the  Marian  penecution. 


[Not. 


faces.*  Blanco  White  has  styled  the 
sentence,  "  a  remarkable  specimen  of 
the  art  of  weakening  strong  impres- 
sions by  a  crowd  of  new  ones,  vague, 
indefinite,  and  discordant."  (Practi- 
cal Evidence,  note  c.  p.  228,  1st  edit.) 
And  an  intelligent  Gallican  treats 
the  proceeding  almost  with  contempt : 

•*  Philippe,  par  un  artifice  digne  de  son 
caract^re,  essaya  de  faire  retomber  sur  les 
'^v^ques  la  noiceur  de  ces  barbaries.  Son 
confesseur  espagnol  prdcha  nn  jour  devant 
lull  et  par  ses  ordres,  qu'elles  ^talent 
contraires  k  P^vangile.  On  connaissait 
trop  bien  les  principes  des  Espagnols  pour 
s*y  m^prendre.  Aussi  la  cour  ne  dissi- 
mnla-t-elle  pas  long- temps."  (Millot, 
Hist.  d'Angleterre,  i.  564.) 

Where  the  cause  is  unknown,  and 
the  result  conjectural,  it  is  natural 
that  different  writers  should  come  to 
various  conclusions. 

When  it  is  said  that  the  executions 
were  suspended,  it  should  be  remem- 
bered, that  they  had  only  just  begun. 
There  had  been  but  one  in  London, 
namely,  that  of  Rogers,  on  Monday 
February  the 4th,  and  three  in  the  coun- 
try, namely,  those  of  Hooper,  Saun- 
ders, and  Taylor,  who  suffered  se- 
verally at  Gloucester,  Coventry,  and 
Aldham  in  Suffolk,  Saunders  on  the 
eighth,  and  the  two  others  on  the  ninth. 
Gardiner,  probably  unable  to  bear  the 
appeals  which  the  prisoners  made  to 
his  former  conduct  and  writings,  had 
resigned  his  office ;  and  Bonner,  who 
sat  in  court  on  the  eighth  and  ninth, 
might  reasonably  pause,  before  he 
finally  committed  to  death  the  first 
persons  he  had  sentenced. 

The  effect  of  the  first  persecutions 
was  most  discouraging.  Noailles,  the 
French  Ambassador,  and  a  zealous 
Romanist,  says  of  Rogers,  that  **  he 
died  persisting  in  his  opinion;  at 
which  the  greatest  part  of  the  people 
took  such  pleasure,  that  they  were  not 
afraid  to  make  him  many  acclama- 
tions,   to  strengthen    his  courage."t 

*  **  Des  m^dailles  qui  sont  k  la  bib* 
lioth^que  du  roi  de  France,  le  repr^sentent 
avec  quatre  visages,  que  marquent  les  4 
saisons.*'  (De  Feller,  Diet.  art.  Janus.) 

t  "  II  est  mort  persistant  en  son  opi- 
nion. A  quoy  la  plus  grand  part  de  ce 
peuple  a  prins  tel  plaisir,  qu4Is  n'ont  en 
craincte  de  lui  faire  plusieurs  acclama- 
tions pour  conforter  son  courage."  Am- 
bass.  iv.  173,  apudSoames,  iv.  352.) 


The  sensation  thus  excited  was  enough 
to  produce  a  pause  in  the  metropolis, 
and  accordingly  we  find  that  no  more 
executions  took  place  for  the  present 
in  Smithfield.  As  Rogers  suffered  on 
the  fourth,  a  week  had  elapsed  when 
De  Castro's  sermon  was  preached  on 
the  tenth;  yet  not  for  want  of  a 
victim,  as  Bradford  was  under  sentence 
in  prison. 

Nor  was  the  intelligence  from  the 
country  more  encouraging.  Hooper 
had  suffered  amid  the  prayers,  the 
sobbings,  and  the  groans  of  the  spec- 
tators. Taylor  was  brought  to  the 
stake  amid  the  lamentations  and  bless- 
ings of  the  people.*  Now  Mary  had 
thus  expressed  her  views  on  the  sub- 
ject : — "  Touching  the  punishment  of 
heretics,  we  thinketh  it  ought  to  be 
done  wiihout  rashness,  not  leaving  in 
the  mean  time  to  do  justice  to  such  a« 
for  learning  would  seem  to  deceive  the 
people ;  and  the  rest  so  to  be  used, 
that  the  people  might  well  perceive 
them  not  to  be  condemned  without 
just  occasion,  whereby  they  shall  botk 
understand  the  truth,  and  beware  to 
do  the  like."  (Soames,  Hist,  of  Ref. 
iv.  341.)  These  directions  indicate 
caution  rather  than  haste,  and  suggest 
an  interval  between  the  first  selection 
of  victims  and  the  next,  as  did  actually 
occur,  and  as  might  indeed  have  oc- 
curred, had  the  sermon  never  been 
delivered. 

If  that  sermon  had  the  effect^  or 
produced  the  impression  attributed  to 
it,  we  should  expect  to  find  the  trials 
for  heresy  dropped,  and  some  hopes 
held  out  to  the  prisoners.f  Yet,  on 
the  14th  of  February,  Bishop  Ferrar, 
whose  trial  had  been  adjourned  on  the 
4th,  was  sent  from  London  to  take  his 
trial  at  Carmarthen.  On  the  I6th  a 
conversation  took  place  in  prison 
between  Bradford  and  Harpsfield, 
Archdeacon  of  London,  which  shews 
that  no  act  of  general  clemency  was 
understood  to  be  intended.^     On  the 

*  The  account  of  Saunders^s  execution 
is  brief  and  uncircumstantial. 

t  Dr.  Lingard^s  reasonings  on  the  sus- 
pension and  resumption  of  the  executions, 
are  discussed  by  Mr.  Soames  in  a  note, 
p.  399,  400. 

t  After  having  said,  at  the  beginning  of 
the  conference,  **  Death  I  looke  daily  for, 
yea,  hourely,*'  Bradford  says  at  the  end, 
*<  And  now  death  draweth  nie,  and  I  by 


1843.] 


The  pause  m  the  Marian  persecution^ 


475 


17th  Higbed  and  Causton^  two  Essex 
gentlemen,  were  brought  from  prison 
before  Bishop  Bonner,  and,  after  seve- 
ral examinations  on  different  days, 
were  condemned  on  the  Qth  of  March, 
and  delivered  to  the  Sheriffs,  though 
not  executed  till  a  fortnight  after. 
(Foxe,  p.  1398.)  On  the  23rd  or  24th, 
John  Bland,  parson  of  Adesham  in 
Kent,  was  taken  from  his  bail,  and 
sent  to  Canterbury  Castle,  (p.  1513.) 
"  About  the  last  day  of  February," 
George  Tankerfield  was  arrested  in 
London,  and  brought  to  Newgate,  (p. 
1535.)  Trials  went  on  till  March  16, 
when  Tomkins,  one  of  the  persons  con- 
demned on  February  9,  was  burned  in 
Smithfield,  and  the  rest  in  other  places 
during  the  same  month,  except  Hawkes, 
whose  fate  was  delayed  till  June  16. 
If  the  intentions  of  the  government 
are  to  be  estimated  by  the  trials,  there 
was  no  suspension  whatever. 

Yet  one  act  of  clemency  occurred 
during  this  time,  which  those  who 
argue  in  favour  of  the  alleged  suspen- 
sion might  adduce,  though  I  do  not 
perceive  that  they  have  done  so.  We 
owe  our  knowledge  of  it  to  the  in- 
tegrity of  Foxe,  whose  chronological 
arrangement  of  his  materials  places 
events  in  the  most  convenient  light 
for  reasoning  from  them.  On  the  18th 
of  March,  Queen  Mary  wrote  a  letter 
to  Christiern  III.  of  Denmark,  acced- 
ing to  his  request  for  setting  Bishop 


your  leave  must  now  leave  off,  to  prepare 
for  him."  Harpsfield,  "If  I  could  do 
you  good  I  would  be  right  glad,  either  in 
soule  or  body,  for  you  are  in  a  perillous 
case  both  toayes"  B.  "Sir,  I  thanke 
you  for  your  good  will.  My  case  is  as  it 
is.  I  thanke  God  it  was  never  so  well 
with  mee,  for  death  to  me  shall  be  life.** 
Creswell,  **  It  were  best  for  you  to  desire 
Maister  Archdeacon  that  he  would  make 
sute  for  you,  that  you  might  have  a  time 
to  conferre.**  H.  **  I  will  do  the  best  I 
can,  for  I  pitiehis  case."  (Foxe,  p.  1467.) 
Bradford  kept  notes  of  tiiese  conversa- 
tions, which  Foxe  has  printed.  Harps- 
field  appears  here  in  an  amiable  light,  but 
what  he  said  might  have  been  said  at  any 
period  of  the  persecution.  About  the 
beginning  of  April,  Weston,  dean  of  West- 
minster, obtained  arespite  for  Bradford,  but 
said  plainly,  "  I  am  no  prince,  and  there- 
fore I  cannot  promise  you  life,  except  you 
will  submit  yourselfe  to  the  definition  of 
the  church,''  p«  1473. 


Coverdale  at  liberty,  and  allowing  him 
to  leave  the  country.  This  royal  inter- 
cession arose  from  Coverdale's  having 
married  a  relation  of  the  king's  chap- 
lain ;  yet  it  was  not  complied  with 
without  long  evasion,  and  "through 
great  suit  made."  (p.  1391.)  The  co* 
incidence  is  not  unimportant,  but  does 
not  warrant  a  general  inference.  An 
act  of  diplomatic  courtesy,  long  with- 
held and  reluctantly  granted,  is  but 
slender  evidence  of  a  spirit  of  clemency. 
The  other  prisoners  felt  no  correspond- 
ing benefit ;  and  on  the  same  day  that 
the  letter  was  signed,  Higbed  and 
Causton  underwent  one  of  their  ex- 
aminations before  Bonner.  The  bi- 
shop's language  to  Causton  on  another 
of  those  occasions  (March  1,)  is  almost 
conclusive  against  the  idea  of  any  sus- 
pension. "I  have  hitherto  respited 
you,  that  you  should  way  [weigh]  and 
consider  with  yourself  your  state  and 
condition,  and  that  you  should,  while 
ye  have  time  and  apace,  acknowledge 
the  truth,  and  returne  to  the  unitie  of 
the  Catholic  church."*  (P.  13990 

That  no  effectual  suspension  had 
occurred  we  have  the  important  testi- 
mony of  Philip  himself,  before  whom 
the  sermon  was  preached.  For,  writ- 
ing from  England  in  July  of  the  next 
year  (1556)  to  his  sister  Juana,  the 
governess  of  Spain,  in  complaint  of 
Paul  IV.  he  thus  adverts  to  the  sub- 
ject: "After  having  destroyed  the 
sects  in  England,  brought  this  country 
under  the  influence  of  the  church, 
pursued  and  punished  the  heretics  with- 
out ceasing,  and  obtained  a  success 
which  has  always  been  constant,  I  see 
that  his  holiness  evidently  wishes  to 
ruin  my  kingdom."  (Llorente,  Hist, 
of  the  Inquisition,  c.  xix.  p.  J  31.)  This 
is  not  the  language  of  a  person  who 
had  interfered  with  the  persecution, 
by  causing  Jt  to  be  preached  against, 
as  most  writers  consider  to  have  been 
the  case  with  the  sermon,  or  who  was 
conscious  of  any  interval  having  oc- 
curred. 

Mr.  Soames  considers  that  the  respite 
afforded  to  the  prisoners  already  con- 
demned was  to  try  whether  Uieir  re- 
solution would  be  shaken  by  the  former 

*  Foxe  says  that  he  said  this  ''  as  he 
did  ever  before;*'  it  seem«  to  have  been 
his  customary  langua^. 


476 


The  pause  in  the  Marian  persecution. 


[Nov, 


execations.  A  circumstance  which 
occurred  at  this  time  coincides  with 
the  supposition.  On  February  19, 
Bonner  issued  an  admonition  to  all 
persons  in  his  diocese  to  reconcile 
themselves  to  the  church  before  the 
first  Sunday  after  Easter,  under  pain 
of  being  proceeded  against  "  accord- 
ing to  the  canons,  as  the  cause  shall 
require,"  (Foxe,  p.  1392.)  As  Easter 
Sunday  fell  on  April  14,  the  time 
allowed  was  until  the  21st  of  that 
month.  A  simultaneous  though  not 
an  equal  extent  of  time  may  have  been 
granted  to  the  persons  who  were  under 
sentence  of  death,  to  ascertain  whether 
thev  would  recant.  Bonner's  words 
addressed  to  Causton,  quoted  before, 
coincide  with  this  conjecture. 

It  appears  then,  from  considering 
the  events  of  that  period,  that  there 
was  no  cessation  of  the  persecution ; 
and  that  the  suspension  of  the  execu- 
tions might  be  accounted  for,  even  if 
De  Castro's  sermon  had  never  been 
preached.  How  far  other  considera- 
tions were  strengthened  by  De  Castro's 
arguments,  we  cannot  know  for  cer- 
tainty ;  but  it  is  possible  that  they 
were.  If  such  was  the  case  then,  in 
the  language  of  Foxe,  "  peradventure 
the  sermon  ....  did  some  good." 

In  connection  with  this  subject,  we 
may  glance  at  the  fate  of  the  Spanish 
divines  who  were  in  England  at  that 

geriod,  and  the  history  of  De  Castro 
imself.  Bishop  Pilkington,  in  a  sermon 
preached  at  Cambridge,  July  30,  1560, 
on  the  restitution  ofBugerandFagius, 
whose  bones  had  been  dug  up  and 
burned,  as  belonging  to  heretics,  has 
this  remarkable  passage :  "  Much 
more  notable  was  it  that  we  had  seen 
come  to  pass  in  these  our  days  ;  that 
the  Spaniards  sent  for  into  this  realm 
of  purpose  to  suppress  the  gospel,  as 
soon  as  they  were  returned  home  re- 
plenished many  parts  of  their  country 
with  the  same  truth  of  religion,  to  the 
which  before  they  were  utter  enemies."* 

*  See  Pilkington's  Works,  Parker 
Society's  edition,  p.  654.  See  the  ex- 
tract in  Foxe  and  Strype,  (Cranmer, 
p.  246,)  and  M*^Crie's  Reformation  in 
Spain,  p.  228.  There  is  another  passage 
on  the  subject  in  Pilkington,  p.  242,  but 
not  BO  clearly  worded.  See  Mosheim, 
vol.  IV.  p.  121 ;  and  liorente,  c«  xxiz» 
for  other  particularB. 


This  may  seem  a  sanguine,  perhaps  a 
false  assertion,  but  it  is  fully  confirmed 
by  Illescas,  a  contemporary  Spanish 
writer.  It  is  precisely  in  this  way 
that  he  accounts  for  the  prisons  and 
the  scaffolds  being  crowded  of  late 
years  with  persons  of  learning,  birth» 
and  piety.  "The  cause  of  this  and 
many  other  evils  was  the  affection 
which  our  catholic  princes  cherished 
for  Germany,  England,  and  other 
countries  without  the  pale  of  the 
church,  which  induced  them  to  send 
learned  men  and  preachers  from  Spain 
to  these  places,  in  the  hopes  that,  by 
their  sermons,  they  would  be  brought 
back  to  the  path  of  truth.  But,  un- 
happily,  this  measure  was  productive 
of  little  good  fruit ;  for  of  those  who 
went  abroad  to  give  light  to  others, 
some  returned  home  blind  themselves ; 
and  being  deceived,  or  puffed  up  with 
ambition,  or  a  desire  to  be  thought 
vastly  learned  and  improved  by  their 
residence  in  foreign  countries,  they 
followed  the  example  of  the  heretics 
with  whom  they  had  disputed."  The 
admission  is  evident,  that  the  divines 
who  were  sent  to  Romanize  the  German 
and  English  Protestants,  imbibed  the 
doctrines  against  which  they  were 
contending.  This  acknowledgment  of 
Illescas  is  the  more  weighty,  as  his 
work  was  suppressed  by  the  Inquisi- 
tion on  its  first  appearance.*  Besides 
the  persons  who  became  preachers, 
others  may  be  presumed  to  have 
modified  their  former  sentiments,  and 
others  to  have  persuaded  themselves 
that  they  held  the  same  doctrines  as 
the  Protestants  in  an  orthodox  sense. 

Fully  to  illustrate  the  statements  of 
Illescas  and  Pilkington  by  names  and 
events  is  now  become  impossible, 
though  something  may  be  gleaned 
from  the  pages  of  Llorente,  where  the 
subject  is  connected  with  the  Inquisi- 
tion. The  principal  divines  in  England 
whose  names  appear  in  the  Marian 
history,  besides  De  Castro,  were  Villa- 
garcia,  Soto,  and  Carranza.  Of  these, 
Villagarcia  was  accused  of  Luthe- 
ranism  in  1559>  and  sentenced  never 
to  teach  or  write  on  theology  again. 

*  Historia  Pontifical,  ii.  337,  and  M« 
Crie,  p.  228.  The  author  was  obliged  to 
re-write  the  work,  and  the  first  edition 
was  placed  in  the  Index  of  1583,  in  caao 
of  any  copies  having  got  abroad. 


184S.]     On  the  Days  of  the  Week  and  the  Ante-Homeric  Year.        477 


(Llorente,  p.  316.)  Soto  fell  under 
the  same  suspicion  in  1560,  and, 
fortunately  perhaps  for  himself,  died 
at  Trent  in  1563,  during  the  first  forms 
of  his  trial,  (p.  367.)  Carranza  (whom 
Sir  James  Mackintosh  has  confounded 
with  De  Castro)  had  to  struggle 
through  a  tedious  trial,  and,  after  re- 
maining in  prison  eighteen  years,  was 
finallysentenced  by  Pope  Gregory  XIII. 
in  1576,  to  be  suspended  for  five  years 


from  his  office  as  Archbishop  of  Toledo, 
(p.  466.)*  De  Castro  never  returned 
to  Spain,  but  died  at  Brussels  in  1558, 
just  after  his  nomination  to  the  arch- 
bishopric of  Santiago  in  Galicia.f 
We  are  therefore  left  to  conjecture 
what  his  fate  might  have  been,  and 
how  far  it  would  have  resembled  or 
differed  from  that  of  his  eminent  con- 
temporaries. Ctdweli. 
{To  be  continued). 


ON  THE  DAYS  OF  THE  WEEK  AND  THE  ANTE-HOMERIC  YEAR. 


SOME  thirteen  years  ago  there  ap- 
peared in  the  Philological  Museum, 
No.  J,  an  article  on  the  names  of  the 
Days  of  the  Week,  written  by  a  scholar, 
who  signed  himself  J.  C.  H.,  the 
initials  of  Julius  Charles  Hare,  as  I 
learn  from  the  Rheinesche  Museum, 
t.  III.  p.  317.  The  object  of  the  au- 
thor was  to  show  that  of  two  expla- 
nations given  by  Dio  Cassius,  xxxvii. 
18,  to  account  for  the  fact  why  the 
days  of  the  week  were  called  after  the 
sun  and  planets,  the  second  is  the 
most  reasonable ;  and,  further,  that 
the  origin  of  the  custom  is  to  be  traced 
to  the  star-gazers  of  Chaldea, — the  last 
of  whom,  I  presume,  appeared  in  the 
person  of  the  German  discoverer  of 
the  Georgium  Sidus. 

Of  the  two  conclusions  to  which  Mr. 
Hare  has  arrived,  few  persons  will, 
perhaps,  be  disposed  to  contest  the 
probability  of  the  latter ;  for  beyond 
that  the  modest  writer  does  not  pro- 
fess to  go ;  conceiving,  as  he  observes 
in  p.  53,  the  ultima  T^u/^of  all  inves- 
tigations into  the  origin  of  words  and 
things  to  be  probability  merely. 

Now  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say, 
that  I  would  not  waste  another  mid- 
night hour  upon  an  inquiry  con- 
nected with  the  literature  of  the  past, 
unless  I  felt  1  could  arrive  at  certainty, 
which  is  only  another  name  for  truth. 
But  for  my  conviction  of  not  the  pro- 
bability merely,  but  the  absolute  truth 
of  the  metrical  and  syntactical  canons 
promulgated  by  a  Bentley,  a  Dawes, 
and  a  Porson,  and  in  the  restorations 
likewise,  of  ancient  authors,  by  a  host 
of  critics,  from  the  revival  of  learning 
to  the  present  period,  I  would  say,  as 
the  despisers  of  classical  literature  are 
wont  to  do,  that 

Strenoa  nos  exercet  inertia ; 


and  I  would  confess  with  Cobbett  that 
the  rulers  of  every  nation  are  fit  only 
for  Bedlam,  when  they  expend  a 
farthing  on  the  purchase  of  a  Greek  or 
Latin  MS. 

They,  indeed,  who  are  constantly 
promulgating  opinions  one  day,  to  be 
repudiated  the  next,  must  of  course 
be  contented  to  arrive  at  probability 
merely ;  and  they  will  stand  only  a 
small  chance  of  obtaining  even  that 
moderate  result.  But  they  who  have 
thought  long  and  deeply  upon  a  ques- 
tion, and  have  turned  it  over  in  their 
minds  until  they  have  seen  every  phase 
of  it,  and  have  found  that  each  suc- 
cessive review  only  confirms  their  pre- 
vious notions,  will  feel  that  they  have 
attained  the  ne  plus  ultra  of  inquiry. 
Truth ;  and  it  is  under  the  influence 
of  such  feelings  that  I  now  put  pen 
to  paper  on  an  article,  where  it  will, 
I  trust,  be  said  that  I  have  not  only 
hit  the  mark  myself,  but  have  led  the 
learned,  should  any  such  peruse  it, 
into  a  new  track ;  where  truths  will 
start  up  at  every  step,  if  they  will  only 
look  at  things  first  and  then  at  words, 
instead  of  neglecting  both,  as  the  Grer- 
mans  and  their  admirers  are  wont  to 
do. 

"  What  is  the  origin  and  meaning 
of  the  names  we  are  in  the  habit  of 
giving  to  the  Days  of  the  Week  ?"  is 
the  question  propounded  by  Mr.  Hare ; 
and  as  nobody  has  answered  it — for 
the  dissertation,  which  he  had  pre- 
pared, but  postponed  to  a  future  num- 
ber of  that  journal,  has  never,  i  be- 

♦  Carranza  drew  up  a  list  of  twO 
hundred  suspected  Spaniardsp  who  had 
fled  to  Germany  and  Flanders,  (p.  413.) 

t  The  Diet,  uistorique  of  M.  Beauvai^ 
has  misprinted  it  1568. 


478 


On  the  Days  of  the  Week  and  the  Ante" Homeric  Year,    [Nov. 


lieve,  appeared^  nor  has  the  subject, 
as  far  as  I  know,  been  taken  up  by 
any  other  scholar — I  will  devote  to  it 
as  many  lines  as  a  German  would 
pages,  and  after  all  leave  the  question 
not  only  as  obscure  as  ever,  but  over- 
loaded with  a  mass  of  misplaced  learn- 
ing, which  it  would  take  one  man's 
life  to  collect,  and  another  to  sift  the 
wheat  from  the  chaff. 

Strange  as  the  assertion  will  no 
doubt  appear  to  Mr.  Hare  and  his 
idol  Ideler,  whose  "  Handbuch  der 
Chronologie  "  seems,  as  far  as  book- 
learning  can  go,  to  have  exhausted  the 
subject,  all  the  facts  on  this  question 
are  contained,  as  the  Iliad  was  said  to 
be,  in  a  nut-shell ;  an  enigma,  by-the- 
bye,  which  I  would  recommend  to  a 
Welcker  to  solve,  if  I  thought  there 
was  the  least  chance  of  his  hitting 
upon  the  truth  with  greater  success 
than  he  has  met  with  in  unfolding 
the  trilogies,  that  never  existed,  of 
i£schylus. 

The  days  of  the  week,  we  are  told, 
are  called  respectively  after  the  Sun, 
and  Moon,  and  four  deities,  Tuis, 
Woden,  Thor,  and  Freya  in  the  Nor- 
thern mythology,  answering  to  Mer- 
cury, Mars,  Jupiter,  and  Venus,  wor- 
shipped by  the  Romans,  to  which  is 
to  be  added  Saturn,  common  to  both 
systems. 

Now,  as  the  whole  seven  are  at  the 
same  time  the  names  of  the  sun  and  six 
planets,  we  may  fairly  assume  as  a 
fact,  what  has  been  handed  do^yn  by 
tradition,  that  each  day  was  supposed 
to  be  under  the  influence  of,  or  in 
some  way  connected  with,  the  planet 
after  which  it  was  named.  This 
idea  is  confirmed  in  a  very  marked 
manner  by  finding,  as  observed  by 
Mr.  Hare,  p.  69,  that  the  same  dis- 
crepancy, which  exists  in  assigning 
Tuesday  and  Wednesday  to  Mars  and 
Mercury,  is  found  in  the  arrange- 
ments of  the  planets  themselves ;  a 
fact  that  enables  us  to  understand  why 
in  the  Northern  mythology  Mercury 
was  said  by  some  to  be  the  father,  and 
by  others  the  son  of  Woden,  according, 
no  doubt,  as  his  day  preceded  or  fol- 
lowed that  of  the  other  deity. 

Of  this  connexion  between  the  names 
of  the  days  of  the  week,  and  of  those 
of  the  planets,  no  trace  is  to  be  found 
antecedent  to  the  time  of  Dio  Cassius ; 

cmd  aU  w«  Q9M  lestm  from  him  is»  ths^t 


the  Romans  followed  the  Egyptians 
in  this  respect ;  for,  as  to  the  two 
reasons  which  he  has  assigned  for  the 
origin  of  the  custom,  both  will  be  re- 
jected equally,  as  soon  as  the  truth  is 
brought  to  light. 

The  solution  then  of  the  riddle  is  tob^ 
found  in  the  discovery  of  the  fact,  that 
in  the  country  where  the  Sun  was  wor- 
shipped under  the  title  of  M£I6PAS« 
it  had  been  remarked  that  it  performed 
its  apparent  annual  revolution  in  365 
days ;  that  each  year  brought  with 
it  four  seasons  marked  by  peculiar 
events ;  and^that,  as  the  moon  com- 
pleted her  revolution  in  28  days,  the 
number  7  was  the  nearest  integral 
common  measure  of  the  two  periods 
of  365  and  28  days.  Accordingly, 
to  perpetuate  the  knowledge  of  these 
facts  the  word  MEI0PAS  was  formed^ 
consisting  of  7  letters ;  and,  as  each 
letter  had  a  numerical  value,  their 
whole  sum  amounted  to  365. 

For  M  =    40 

E  =      5 

1=    10 

e=     9 

P  =  100 
A  =  1 
2  =  200 


365 


With  regard  to  the  letters  taken^ 
independent  of  their  numerical  value, 
in  the  first  syllable  MEI  lies  hid  a 
portion  of  MEI2,  a  word  found  once 
in  Herodotus  ii.  82 ;  where  he  tells  us 
that  the  Egyptians  had  defined  to 
which  of  the  gods  each  month  and 
day  belonged ;  but,  as  he  uses  in  the 
oblique  cases  fnjv-os,  it  is  fair  to  infer 
that  fi€Ls*  was  the  sacred  and  not  de- 
motic word.    Be  this,  however,  as  it 

*  The  word  fjLcis  is  found  in  a  gloss 
omitted  in  the  editions  of  Hesychius, 
but  preserved  in  the  solitary  Ven. 
MS.  collated  by  Schow  ;  where  after 
Mftpa|'  nais  is  written  Mv;*  firjv,  which 
Meineke  on  Cratin.  Apaneria-*  p.  47# 
has  properly  corrected  mto  Meis'  fAijv, 
and  might  have  referred  to  Arcadius 
de  Accent,  p.  135,  fxcis'  6  fxrjv :  and  to 
Suidas,  Meis'  firjv,  AioXikods;  nor  is  he 
aware  that  fieipa^  is  derived  from  fieis- 
pa^,  just  as  firjv-is  is  from  fiijv  and 
for  a  similar  reason  too,  but  which  it 
is  unneceMary  to  detail  ftt  present. 


1 8430      Oh  the  Dmf6  of  ihe  Week  md  ihe  Ante-Hahteric  Tear.       479 


may,  it  is  etidfciit  that  ftei,  if  applied 
to  the  Moon,  would  mean  a  month  ; 
if  to  the  San,  it  might  mean  a  season ; 
just  as  &pa  (kora)  in  Homer,  and  even 
to  the  time  of  Thucydides,  signified  a 
season ;  but  in  its  Latin  form  hora,  only 
the  part  of  a  day ;  while,  strange  to 
say,  the  German  jahr,  a  corruption  of 
hora,  means,  in  its  simple  form,  "  a 
year,"  but  in  its  compound  one  a 
season,  as  shewn  by  the  English 
wint-er,  a  corruption  of  mnd-Jahr  ;  and 
in  like  manner  the  word  **  annus"  in 


Latin  means  both  "  a  year  "  and  "  a 
day,"  as  remarked  by  Mr.  Hare  in  p. 
40,  for,  he  might  have  added,  it  meant 
merely  "a  circle,"  as  proved  by 
"  annulus,"  a  ring. 

Having  thus  shewn  that,  as  the  first 
syllable  MEI  is  applicable  to  both  the 
sun  and  moon,  it  meant  originally 
merely  a  period  of  time,  I  proceed  to 
prove  that  the  second  syllable  ePA2 
is  made  up  of  letters,  the  initials  re- 
spectively of  four  words  dei^criptive  of 
the  four  seasons  ;  thus. 


e  is  the  first  letter  of  Q-cpo^ 
P p.om 

A '-^ '-^ — - —  A'V€fios 

2 •  • E'lTopos 


warmth  ue.  summer, 
pomegranate  —  autumn, 
wind  —  winter, 

sowing  —  spring. 


With  regard  to  the  things  thus 
taken  as  descriptive  of  the  four  sea- 
sons, the  £nglish  language  can  ex- 
hibit similar  phenomena  in  the  case 
of  winter ;  the  Latin  and  Greek  in  the 
case  of  autumn  ;  and  the  Greek  and 
English  in  the  case  of  spring.  Thus 
winter  is  evidently  a  corruption  of 
**wind'jahri"f  and,  while  the  Romans 
had  their  Pomona,  "apple -deity," 
who  presided  over  the  autumn,  i.e. 
"  increase  time,"  the  Greek  described 
the  same  season  of  the  year  by  Onapa, 
which  means  literally  onov  capa,  the 
season  of  juice,  especially  of  the  grape. 
Hence  we  find  in  Hesychius,  Oiropa 
—  TO  ficTonapov  Kvpias  17  (TTa<j)v\ij ; 
who,  perhaps,  had  in  mind  Eurip. 
Fragm.  Inc.  143.i=96  Dind.  Ocpovs 
T€  fiTjvas  xfifiaros  re  T€<r<rapas,  ^iXrjs 
b'oTTCDpas  di7rTvx.ovs  Tjpos  TUTovs,  a  pas- 
sage the  more  remarkable  as  it  shews 
that  the  four  seasons  were  not  equally 
divided ;  while,  since  the  pomegranate 
was  sacred  to  Ceres,  who  presided 
over  the  harvest,  one  can  easily  under- 
stand why  the    autumn    should    be 


t  As  connected  with  the  fact  of 
**  winter"  being  derived  from  **wind- 
jahr,*'  it  may  be  stated  that  (Lydus  de 
Mensibus,  iv.  p.  58)  Bekk.  says  that 
about  the  eighteenth  of  the  kalends  of 
February  ihe  apefiofjLa)^ia  "  wmd-contest" 
began,  according  to  the  Ephemens  of 
Varro ;  which  seems  to  have  been  modelled 
on  the  'H/i€/x»  of  the  Pseud-Hesiod,  and 
was  itself  the  model  of  the  Christian 
Ephemeris,  lately  published  from  a  Cata- 
lan MS.  in  the  Notices  et  Eitratta  des 
MSS.  t.  xiv.  p.  17—24. 


called  by  the  name  of  a  fruit  which 
ripens  at  that  time  of  the  year.  Lastly, 
as  regards  the  word  (mopos,  "sowing," 
applied  to  the  spring,  it  may  be  com- 
pared with  Troa,  literally  "  grass,"  as 
that  season  is  described  by  Rhiahus 
in  the  line  Xet/juxra  t€  Trotas  re  dva>  km 
€iKO(Ti  naaas,  and  by  Callimachus  in 
the  verse  AiyvnTos  7rpo7rapoi$ev  nr* 
€vi/€a  Kap(^€To  TToias  ;  and  even  to  this 
day  the  word  "  grass  *'  is  used  to 
designate  the  spring  by  cattle-breeders : 
who  speak  of  a  horse  as  being  of  a 
certain  age  last  or  next  grass ;  and  by 
a  similar  metaphor  afirjTos,  literally 
"  the  act  of  reaping,"  means,  likewise, 
"  the  time  of  reaping,"  as  shewn  by 
Hesychius  Afirjros*  Bepurfios  —  Kmpou 
Hence,  too,  we  meet  with  bcKoxmopa 
Xpov<^  in  Eurip.  Tro.  20,  "ten-sowing 
time,"  to  signify  a  period  of  ten  years, 
and  apoTov,  literally  "  ploughing,"  a 
single  year,  in  Soph.  Trach.  69. 

It  will,  perhaps,  be  objected  to  this 
theory,  that  as  e,  the  initial  letter  of 
Qepos,  summer,  follows  immediately 
the  letters  MEI,  expressive  of  a  period 
of  time,  the  year  would  thus  begin 
with  the  summer.  And  so  the  civil 
year  did  at  Athens,  and  so  does  the 
academical  year  at  our  Universities ; 
and  so  I  suspect  the  agricultural  year 
did  in  Egypt,  dependent  as  works  of 
husbandry  were  upon  the  rising  of  the 
Nile,  which  takes  place  in  summer. 

Granting  it,  however,  to  be  not  merely 
probable,  but  positively  certain,  that 
the  letters,  of  which  the  word  MEI- 
ePAS  is  composed,  were  selected  for 
the  purpose  I  have  suggested,  yet  this 
proves  nothing  as  to  the  connection 


480 


On  the  Days  of  the  Week  and  the  Ante-Homerk  Year*    [Nov. 


which  exists  between  the  names  of  the 
planets  and  of  the  days  of  the  week. 

To  this  I  reply  that,  since  according 
to  Herodotus  ii.  82,  each  day  had  its 
own  deity  amongst  the  Egyptians,  just 
as  in  the  Roman  Catholic  calendar 
every  day  has  its  own  saint,  it  will 


not  be  difficult  to  discover  in  the  let- 
ters MEIOPAS  the  initials  of  four  of 
the  names  of  the  deities,  who  pre- 
sided respectively  over  each  day,  and 
after  whom  the  planets  were  called. 
Thus: 


M      is  the  first  letter  of 
E 


I  may  be  the  first  letter  of  \<tis 
e  is  the  first  letter  of  OoO 
P      Pfa 

A  may  be  the  first  letter  of  hpov-rjpis 
2 Sap-ATTts 


Moon- day. 
Mercury-day. 

Jupiter-day. 
Rhea- day. 


With  regard  to  the  three  doubtful 
days  and  their  corresponding  deities 
and  planets,  it  is  a  remarkable  fact, 
as  we  learn  from  Pseud -Aristot.  Ilcpi 
Kotr/iov,  quoted  by  Mr.  Hare,  p.  71* 
that  it  was  not  decided  what  was  the 
proper  name  of  the  planets  Mercury, 
Mars,  and  Venus  respectively ;  for  they 
were  called  by  some  Apollo,  Hercules, 
and  Juno.  For  myself  I  cannot  help 
thinking  that,  as  there  are  three  male 
deities,  so  there  ought  to  be  three  fe- 
male likewise  and  one  destructive  ; 
and  in  that  case  it  would  be  easy  to 
consider  I  as  the  initial  letter  of  I<ris, 
For  it  appears  from  Pausanias,  ii.  34, 
that  there  was  at  Corinth  a  temple  of 
Isis,  in  the  ayopa  of  Mercury ;  and  na- 
turally so,  for  according  to  Plutarch, 
de  Isid.  ii.  p.  355,  F.  where  he  is 
speaking  of  the  five  days  which  were 
added  to  complete  the  year,  and  were 
called  respectivelyOsiris,  Orus,  Typho, 
Isis,  and  Nephthys,  Isis  is  said  to  be 
the  daughter  of  Mercury ;  from  whence 
it  would  appear  that  the  day  over 
which  she  presided  followed  the  day 
of  Mercury  ;  just  as  we  find  in  Soph. 
Trach,  96,  that  the  night  which  pre- 
cedes a  day  is  said  to  bring  forth  the 
sun  of  that  day.  In  confirmation  of 
my  notion  that  Tuesday  was  sacred 
to  Isis,  it  may  be  stated  that  a  part  of 
the  word  "  Is-is"  is  still  visible  in 
Tu-is,  the  very  Saxon  deity  from 
whom  that  day  derived  its  name,  but 
of  whose  attributes  nothing  is  known 
for  certain  ;  at  least  if  any  reliance  is 
to  be  placed  on  "Verstegan's  Resti- 
tution," and  Jamieson's  "Hermes 
Scythicus ;"  and  hence  we  may  fairly 
conjecture  that  Tu-Is  is  in  fact  Two- 
Is  ;  where  "  Tu  "  would  be  the  mean 
4 


between  the  Latin   ''Duo"  and  the 
Northern  "  Two." 

With  regard  to  the  letter  2,  it 
is  probably  the  initial  of  Snp-Afrir^ 
who  will  thus  answer  to  the  Kpovos 
of  the  Greeks  and  the  Saturn  of 
the  Romans  and  Scandinavians.  For 
Plutarch,  ii.  p.  361,  £.  identifies, 
on  the  authority  of  Archemachus  of 
Eubsea,  Sarapis  with  Pluto ;  who  was 
only  another  form  of  Saturn,  as  shewn 
by  the  character  of  destroyer  applied 
to  both,  and  whose  symbol  was  a 
scythe.  If  then  Sarapis  the  destroyer, 
who  must  have  been  of  no  sex,  be- 
cause a  destructive  power  cannot  be  a 
creative  one,  were  the  last  deity  of 
the  week,  the  one  preceding  must  have 
been  a  male  deity  ;  and  if  so,  it  was 
probably  Apot;i7pif;  who,  says  Plutarch, 
ii.  p.  356,  E.  was  identified  with  the 
Apollo  of  the  Greeks  ;  and,  as  he  was 
said  to  have  been  born  of  Isis  and 
Osiris  (the  latter  the  same  as  Thoth) 
while  his  parents  were  still  in  the 
womb  of  Rhea,  it  is  pretty  clear  that 
the  fiction  had  reference  to  the  days 
of  the  week,  or  rather  to  those  of  the 
creation,  of  which  the  days  of  the  week 
were  supposed  to  perpetuate  the  me- 
morial, just  as  we  find  it  is  actually 
narrated  in  the  Grenesis  of  Moses. 

The  learned,  if  such  there  really  be, 
in  the  lost  language  of  Egypt,  will 
probably  smile  when  I  express  my 
belief  that  the  word  hpov-'rfpis  is  mere- 
ly a  Greek  compound,  and  means 
"  Spring-ploughing,"  from  Ap-ovy  "to 
plough,"  and  rfpi "  in  the  spring."  At 
least  a  deity  so  called  would  properly 
precede  Sap-Afrcf,  who,  it  appears 
from  Plutarch,  ii.  p.  375,  F.  was  the 
power  that  presided  over  the  wind ; 


1843.]     On  the  Days  of  the  Week  and  the  Ante-Homeric  Year.  481 

and  as  the  rites  of  Sarapis  were  cele- 
brated at  Rome  on  May  6,  with  all 
the  joyousness  of  May-day  doings  in 
the  time  of  our  forefathers,  it  is  easy 
to  see  the  origin  of  the  English  sayings 


March  winds,  April  showers^ 
Bring  forth  May  flowers. 

Of  course  I  am  aware  that,  as  it  never 
rains  in  Egypt,*  the  allusion  to  April 
showers  seems  to  destroy  at  once  the 
idea  just  started.  But  the  similar 
phenomenon  of  flowers  springing  up 
after  fertilising  floods  is  to  be  seen 
there ;  nor  need  we  wonder  at  finding 
the  deity,  who  presided  over  the  wind, 
thus  following  the  one  who  presided 
over  spring- ploughing,  when  we  know 
that  the  ploughing  preceded  the  over- 
flowing of  the  Nile,  which  is  always 
accompanied  by  the  Etesian,  i.e.  yearly 
wind. 

Nor  am  I  ignorant  that  by  the  pro- 
posed arrangement  the  Egyptian  dei- 
ties, corresponding  to  the  Sun  and 
Saturn  of  the  Scandinavian  mythology, 
are  made  to  change  places.  But  the 
passages  quoted  by  Mr.  Hare  in  p.  69* 
from  Macrobius,  Cicero,  and  Plato 
are  sufllcient  to  shew  a  similar  dis- 
crepancy in  the  arrangement  of  the 
planets.  And  were  the  fact  other- 
wise, yet,  as  the  planetary  week  was 
introduced  into  the  national  calendar 
after  Constantine  had  embraced  Chris- 
tianity, the  alteration  was  made  de- 
signedly, in  order  that  the  Christian 
week  might  begin  with  the  day  on 
which,  according  to  Justin  Martyr, 
Apolog.  i.  67,  the  Resurrection  took 
place ;  and  which,  as  being  sacred  to 
the  sun,  became  a  type  of  the  light 
which  the  religion  of  Christ  was  des- 
tined to  shed  ;  and  ought  not  to  com- 
mence, as  formerly,  with  Saturday,  the 
Sabbath  of  the  Antichristian  Jews, 
and  which  was  sacred  to  Sarapis  and 
Saturn,  both  of  whom  were  the  types 
of  the  prince  of  darkness.  But,  be  the 
motives  what  they  might,  the  fact  of 
the  alteration  being  made  by  Con- 
stantine is  distinctly  stated  by  Nice- 
phorus  in  his  praise  of  that  prince,  as 
Politianus  was  the  first  to  notice  in 
his  Miscellan.  cap.  viii.  in  Grater's 
Fax  Artium,  i.  p.  19. 

If  then  the  theory  I  have  started  be 
not  a  probability  merely  but  the  real 

*  It  does  rain  sometimes  in  Egypt.  Ed, 
Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX, 


truth,  Mr.  Hare's  must  fall  to  the 
ground ;  when,  misled  perhaps  by 
Herodotus,  who  says  that  the  Greeks 
got  from  the  Babylonians  their  know- 
ledge of  dividing  the  day  into  twelve 
hours,  Mr.  Hare  comes  to  the  conclu- 
sion that  the  planetary  week  is  to  be 
traced  not  to  Egypt  but  Chaldsea; 
and  with  a  similar  want  of  success 
has  he  tried  his  critical  powers  upon 
two  passages  of  Euripides  and  ^Eschy* 
lus ;  where,  from  his  putting  more 
faith  in  the  absurditiesof  Hermann  than 
in  the  learning,  taste,  and  acuteness 
ofValckenaer,  he  has  fallen  into  errors 
he  would  otherwise  have  avoided. 
This,  however,  may  perhaps  form  the 
subject  of  another  article.  At  present 
1  will  confine  myself  to  two  fresh 
proofs  of  words,  descriptive  of  a  year, 
being  formed  of  letters,  whose  value 
as  numerals  makes  up  the  number  of 
days  in  the  year. 

Thus  in  the  case  of  the  word  eviav- 
Tos,  if  we  omit  the  noun-ending  os, 
there  will  remain  eviavr.  Now,  since 
avT'05  is  one  of  the  words  originally 
written  with  the  digamma,  thus, 
oFt'Os,  and  is  still  pronounced  by  the 
modern  Greeks  as  if  it  were  written 
aftos,  it  is  fair  to  infer  that  eviavr- os 
was  pronounced  originally  eniaftos, 
and  written  with  the  digamma 
cpidFT'Os.  Again,  as  F  was  in  the  old 
Greek,  as  it  still  is  in  the  Latin,  al-- 
phabet  the  sixth  letter>  its  numerical 
value  was  6  ;  and  this  is  shewn  by  the 
fact  that,  when  it  was  lost  as  a  letter, 
its  place  as  a  numeral  was  supplied 
by  s;  while  a  fraction  was  repre- 
sented by  writing  the  letter  express- 
ing the  denominator  at  the  side  of  the 
one  indicating  the  numerator,  and  thus 
Tf  would  be  expressed  by  a  |  F. 

This  being  premised,  it  will  be  seen 
that  the  numerals  in  evuiFr  are  equal 


to  365 

I 

for 

€ 

— 

5 

V 

— 

50 

I 

:= 

10 

a|F 



1 

IT 

T 

300 
365^ 

Now  as  the  word  eviaFr-os  is  found 
in  Homer,  it  is  evident  that,  antece- 
dent to  the  time  when  he  is  said  to 
have  flourished,  not  only  was  it  known 

3Q 


482  On  the  Days  of  the  Week  and  the  Ante-Homeric  Year.      [Nov, 


-what  is  the  exact  number  of  days  and 
hours  ia  the  year,  but  the  knowledge 
of  the  fact  was  perpetuated  in  a 
way  so  as  never  to  be  lost ;  at  least 
if  persons  would  only  look  at  things 
and  not  merely  at  words  ;  and,  instead 
of  reading  a  great  deal  and  think- 
ing a  little,  choose  rather  to  think 
a  great  deal  and  to  read  a  little.  For, 
by  following  the  clue  furnished  by 
€viaYT-os,  a  friend  discovered  that 
€Tos,  another  Greek  word  for  a  year, 
and  which  was  originally  written 
FcTos,  as  shewn  by  the  Elean  iDscrip- 
tion,  and,  previous  to  the  discovery  of 
that  curious  document,  by  the  Latin 
word  vetus,  contains,  after  throwing 
off  the  noun -ending  oy,  three  letters 
F,  €,  r,  whose  numerical  values  are 
respectively  6,  5,  300,  still  making 
3fi5,  but  in  an  inverted  order ;  from 
whence  it  may  be  inferred  that,  though 
the  letters  were  taken  correctly,  they 
were  designedly  arranged  incorrectly, 
no  doubt  with  the  view  of  misleading 
those  who  might  attempt.  Theseus- 
like, without  the  aid  of  Ariadne's 
thread,  to  enter  the  labyrinth  of  the 
mystery. 

It  will  be  confessed,  however,  that, 
despite  all  the  endeavours  of  the  in- 
ventor of  the  secret  to  conceal  the  prin- 
ciple  on  which  the  words  were  formed, 
it  has  been  my  lot  to  discover  it ;  and, 
by  following  the  clue  furnished  by 
ENI AFT-of  and  FET-os,  I  can  explain 
why  the  month  answering  to  February, 
which,  says  Plutarch,  1.  p.  72  A. 
Numa  intercalated,  was  called  MEP- 
KH-AIN02  by  the  priests,  who,  as 
stated  in  I.  p.  735  E.  alone  knew 
how  to  reconcile  the  solar  with  the 
lunar  year.  For,  since  the  latter  period 
is  less  than  the  former  by  a  month  of  29 
days,  it  is  evident  that  by  MEP-KH- 
AINOS  was  meant, 

Aipp      fa  portion  of  time,  the 

"~lrootofMEP.oy. 

K  =20 

H  =8 

AIN02  =       a  revolution. 

Hence  MEP-KH-AINOSmeant  are- 
volution  of  28  portions  of  time.  But 
as  the  more  exact  period  is  29  days, 
the  word  would  have  been  MEP-Ke. 
AIN02,  had  it  been  possible  accord- 
ing to  the  genius  of  the  language  to 
pronounce  0  before  A  ;  while,  strange 
to  say,  since  in  every  leap  year  the  in- 
tercalated month  consists  of  30  days. 


the  word  would  be  also  MEP-KI- 
AIN02,  where  K  would  =  20  and  1 
=  10 ;  and  hence  we  can  understand 
why  in  the  two  passages  of  Plutarch  the 
same  word  is  written  with  both  Hand  I; 
and  as  Dio  Cassius  testifies  in  xliii. 
26,  that  the  months  were  30  days  long 
at  Alexandria,  it  is  probable  that 
MEP-K1-A1N02  was  the  Egyptian 
word  carried  to  Italy  by  Pythagoras, 
and  adopted  by  Numa. 

With  regard  to  MEP,  it  is  still  seen 
in  the  English  sum-mer,  i,  e.  "  sun- 
part"oftime,andtheGreekH-MEP-A. 
which  probably  meant  originally  the 
eighth  part  of  a  day — for  H  is  "  eight** 
and  MEP  is  "a  portion"  of  time; 
which,  when  the  day  was  divided  into 
watches  of  3  hours  long,  was  fixed 
upon  as  one  period  ;  since  in  3  hours 
the  sun  seems  to  describe  an  arc  sub- 
tending an  angle  of  45**. 

Nor  is  it  less  strange  to  find  with 
respect  to  AIN02,  that,  while  a  part 
of  the  word  is  seen  in  the  Saxon 
ODIN,  a  deity  called  AIN02  is  said 
in  Aristoph.  Nub.  379»  to  have  dis- 
placed Jupiter;  a  fiction  evidently 
founded  on  the  fact,  that  when  Meton 
promulgated  his  Cycle,  and  Anaxago- 
rus  his  Cosmogony,  both  of  whom  are 
ridiculed  by  the  comic  poet  for  their 
respective  theories,  it  was  stated  that 
AIN02,  literally  a  "  revolution,"  was 
anterior  to  the  existence  and  superior 
to  the  power  of  Jupiter. 

Thus  then  have  I  arrived,  I  trust,  at 
the  truth  respecting  the  origin  and 
meaning  of  various  words  connected 
with,  and  descriptive  of,  different  pe- 
riods of  time ;  and  it  only  remains  for 
me  to  add  in  confirmation  of  my 
theory  respecting  MEI,  that,  according 
to  Plutarch,  I.  p.  72,  the  Egyptian  year 
was  originally  of  one  month,  but  after- 
wards of  four,  or  rather,  as  I  suspect, 
four  seasons,  as  shewn  by  the  four 
letters  0,  P,  A,  2. 

On  reading  over  this  article  to  a 
friend,  I  was  referred  by  him  to  the 
Celtic  Druids  and  Anacalypsis  of 
Godfrey  Higgins;  who  has  remarked, 
I  find,'  that  the  letters  ME10PA2 
make  up  the  number  365  ;  but  he  con- 
ceives that  the  more  correct  form  is 
MIePAs,  which  make  up  only  360. 

I  find  too  from  an  article  in  the 
Monthly  Magazine  for  July  1838,  p. 
56,  that  Martorelli  in  his  "  Dissertatio 
de  Regia  Theca  Calamaria,"  Neapol. 


1843.] 


Proportions  of  Gothic  Churches. 


483 


1756,  refers  to  Andrew  Rivet's  Dis- 
sertat.  de  Origin.  Sabbat,  ss.  S,  who, 
he  says,  has  quoted  from  an  unedited 
author  the  passage  following. — Ot  nepi 
Zoipoaa-TpTjv  Koi  'YaTaoTrrjv  XaXdatot  Kai 
AiyvTTTioi  air'  apidfiov  todp  Trkavr^roDP  €V 
€^8ofia8i  ras  rjfiepas  aveXa^v  :  which  is 
taken  from  the  identical  work  of  Pla- 
nudes,  to  which  Baptista  Egnatius  re- 
fers in  his  Racemationes,  ss.  21,  (in 
Gruter,  Fax  Art.  1.  p.  345,)  a  fact 
apparently  not  known  to  Mr.  Hare ; 
who  has,  however,  correctly  remarked, 
that  Planudes  probably  obtained  his 
information  from  Lydus  de  Mens.  11. 
3—11. 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  stating 
that  the  article  in  the  Monthly  Maga- 
zine is  merely  a  literal  translation  from 
the  work  of  Martorelli ;  which  Mr.  £. 
H.  Barker  used  to  prize  as  a  mine  of 
recondite  learning,  and  of  which  per- 
haps the  only  copy  in  England  was  in 
his  possession  ;  but  what  became  of  it 
after  his  death,  I  have  never  been  able 
to  learn. 

Camden  Town,      George  Burges. 

P.  S.  If  fiTjv,  the  Greek  word  for  a 
month,  were  once  written,  as  it  was 
pronounced  by  the  Dorians,  fiav,  it 
would  denote  a  period  of  91  days,  the 
nearest  integral   number  representing 


a  quarter  of  the  year.  For  fi  =  40, 
a  =  1 ,  and  y  =  50  ;  together  40+1 
+  50  =  91. 

N.B.  After  the  preceding  was  in  type 
1  turned  to  Censorinus  de  Die  Natalia 
§  19*  and  found  in  the  notes  of  Haver- 
camp  mention  made  of  various  ancient 
authors  who  speak  of  the  year  as  con^ 
sisting  of  365  days  ;  and  that  Varro, 
Pliny,  Diodor.  Sic,  Macrobius,  Pro- 
clus,  and  Suid.  in  'HXios,  say  that  the 
Egyptians   reckoned   days   as   years ; 
while  Godfrey  Higgins  was  the  first, 
I  believe,  to  remark,   that  the  word 
NEIAOS  makes  up  the  number  365 : 
for  N  =  50;  E  =  5;  1  =  10;  A  =  30; 
O  =  70 ;   and  2  =  200 ;  in   all  365. 
Nor  is  this  to  be  wondered  at.     For, 
as  the  rising  of  the  Nile  takes  place 
annually  about  the  rising  of  the  dog- 
star,  it  was  only  natural  that  the  name 
of  the  river  should  indicate  a  number 
equal   to   the   days   of  the   year.      I 
have  likewise  stumbled  upon  the  well- 
known  passage  in  Tacit.  Germ.  §  2, 
"  Celebrant    carminibus    antiquis. — 
Tuisconem  Deum  terra  editum  et  filium 
Mannum,  originem  gentisConditorem- 
que."     But   unless  I  am  egregiously 
mistaken    Tacitus    wrote    "  Tuiscam 
nomine  Deam  Terra  editam,"  for  thus 
Tuisca  would  be,  like  Junothedaughter 
of  Rhea,  another  name  for  earth. 


ON  THE  PROPORTIONS  OF  CHURCHES  IN  GOTHIC  ARCHITECTURE. 

{With  a  Plate.) 


IN  this  church- building  age  it  were 
well  if  any,  even  the  least,  improve- 
ment could  be  suggested,  which  would 
unite  all  possible  sitting  space  with 
that  symmetry  and  beauty  which 
should  never  be  disregarded  in  a 
structure  dedicated  to  the  Giver  of  all 
Good.  Perhaps  the  suggestion  of 
such  improvement  by  one  who  has  no 
technical  skill  in  architecture,  or  per- 
sonal knowledge  of  any  architect, 
might  be  received  with  more  indulgence 
than  if  it  came  from  one  of  the  pro- 
fession ;  for  a  mere  amateur  can  have 
no  object  in  view  but  the  supposed 
amelioration  of  those  sacred  and  beauti- 
ful editices. 

To  explain  my  proposed  plan,  I  must 
remark  that  there  is  a  singular  dif- 
ference in  the  general  rule  by  which 
specimens  of  the  Gothic  and  Grecian 


styles  *  are  respectively  estimated.  In 
judging  a  Grecian  building  it  has  been 
usual  to  look  at  it  an  a  whole,  at  the 
general  proportion,  the  contour,  the 
grouping ;  whereas,  in  criticising  a 
Gothic  church,  it  is  usual  to  regard  it 
principally,  if  not  entirely,  by  the 
details.  Thus  in  viewing  such  build- 
ings  as  St.  Martin's  in  the  Fields,  St. 
George's  Hanover  Square,  or  any  of 
the  modern  churches  built  on  the  same 
plan,  the  chief  attention  would  be 
given  to  the  relative  size  of  the  parts, 
the  due  proportion  of  height  to  breadth, 
the  precise  dimensions  of  the  portico, 
and  the  figure  formed  by  the  whole. 
But  when  a  critic  views  a  Gothic 
church  his  attention  appears  to  be  at 

*  These  terms  are  used  only  in  the 
popular  sense. 


1843.] 


On  the  Height  of  ChattctU. 


strong   taste   for    the   irregnla 
could  view   this   bb   the    figare  oi  a 
group  without  displeasure. 

It  is  eitremel;  difficult  to  bccoddI 
for  the  general  acquiescence  in  less 
objectionable  examples  of  the  step-like 
form.  Is  it  that  from  associating  this 
figure  rrom  infaucy  with  the  sacred 
and  beautiful  in  these  ediGces,  we 
UDConsciousIf  decide  that  this  is  the 
true,  proper,  and  beautiful  figure  for  a 
church, — that  it  ought  uot,  nay  could 
not  with  cousiateucy,  have  been  buitC 
in  any  other  farm  ?  I  can  imagine  no 
other  reason  for  the  complacency  with 
which  it  is  regarded.  If  bo  this  may 
be  called  an  acquired  or  artificial  taste, 
received  on  trust  and  in  absolute  con- 
tradiction to  the  principles  of  the 
picturesque,  manifested  in  judging 
almost  every  other  worli  of  art.  The 
motive  for  the  depression  of  the  chancel 
appears  to  be  ineiplicable  j  for  it  by 
no  means  follows  that,  because  there 
were  to  be  three  divisions  in  the  early 
churches,  in  imitation  of  the  Roman 
basilica,  (converted  into  Christian 
templeB.)  there  must  be  a  decline 
in  the  htightof  the  chancel.  Nothing 
in  the  requisites  of  the  interior  could 
have  suggested  such  a  decline.  On 
the  contrary,  it  might  have  been  ex- 
pected that  that  which  was  esteemed 
(especialljr  at  that  early  period)  the 
most  sacred  part  of  the  edifice,  the 
locality  of  the  altar,  would  rather  have 
n%ea  under  the  eye  when  the  congre- 
gation turned  in  peculiar  reverence  to 
the  mostholy  place.     How  frequently. 


on  the  contrary,  do  we  find  a  fine  roof 
of  wood  richly  carved  terminate  with 
the  nave,  and  succeeded  by  a  low 
white-washed  ceiling  over  the  chan- 
cel, not  from  economical  motives, 
for  there  is  generally  in  that  lower 
building  more  ornament  and  eipeoM 
displayed  than  in  any  other  part  of 
the  church.  Would  then  the  eleva- 
tion of  the  chancel  above  the  nave  be 
desirable?  It  is  true  it  would  present 
a  much  better  balanced  outline  ex- 
tern ally  than  even  the  equal  height 
which  is  advocated)  but  in  all  instances 
in  which  1  have  seen  it,  and  there  are 
many  in  the  kingdom,  the  efl^ect  is 
peculiarly  heavy  and  displeasing,  and 
in  the  interior  the  roof,  however 
beautiful,  would  be  partiallj'  hidden 
from  the  body  of  the  church. 

But  in  rejecting  the  pyramidal  figure 
as  pre-occupied,  and  that  of  the  ele- 
vated chancel  as  heavy,  and  the  de- 
pressed chancel  as  step-hke  and  un- 
balanced, there  is  no  other  alternative 
hut  the  equal  height  of  the  nave  and 
chancel ;  and,  however  awkward  and 
unsightly  this  would  appear,  and  does 
appear,  in  churches  with  a  long  chan- 
cel or  chantry  attached  to  the  nave, 
yet,  in  churches  of  aproper  proportion, 
this  has  a  noble  effect,  as  io  Blith- 
boroogh  church,  Suffolk,  which,  if  it 
had  a  more  dignified  tower,  would  be 
a  perfect  model  of  a  second  or  third 
class  church.  The  beauty  of  the  equal 
chancel  is  there  very  favourably  ex- 
hibited, as  shewn  in  the  annexed 
representation. 


But,  snpposingtbat  there  is  no  exist-  too  long,  yet  ft  ahonld  be  remembered 
ing  specimen  of  anch  an  equal  height  that,  under  present  circumstances, 
that  would  not  be  deemed  somewhat     there  is  nofekrthataiiychancelahould 


48  6 


On  the  Height  of  Chancels* 


[Nov. 


be  built  which  contains  a  greater  space 
than  that  which  propriety  and  decency 
require  to  surround  the  precincts  of 
the  altar,  all  possible  room  being  ap- 
propriated to  the  increasing  population. 
A  chancel  of  such  a  moderate  size, 
attached  to  the  roof  of  the  nave,  need 
never  present  a  whole  of  undue  length  ; 
for,  if  much  room  were  required,  a  side 
aisle  or  aisles  would  certainly  be 
added. 

What  I  would  propose  then  is,  that, 
in  every  instance,  instead  of  the  old 
depressed  chancel,  or  the  modern  shed 
at  the  east  end,  the  chancel  should  be 
of  the  same  height,  and  under  the 
same  roof  as  the  nave,  distinguished 
from  it  by  the  following  internal  and 
external  divisions  :  In  the  interior  a 
more  rich  and  massy  rib  of  the  roof, 
where  it  is  of  wood,  meeting  some 
corresponding  projections  from  the 
side- walls,  would  form  the  frame  of 
the  chancel  without  obstructing  the 
view,  or  a  light  arch,  where  the  roof 
is  plain,  projecting  as  little  as  possible 
from  the  sides,  or  a  light  screen, 
or  side  ornaments  only,  would  mark 
the  commencement  of  the  chancel.  If 
the  church  had  aisles,  which  terminate 
with  the  nave,  then  a  fine  eflfect  would 
be  produced,  I  think,  both  in  the  inte- 
rior and  exterior,  by  carrying  the  side 
windows  of  the  chancel  (if  any)  as 
high  as  the  east  window  at  the  end  : 
this  would  strongly  distinguish  the 
chancel  from  the  nave ;  but  it  is  not 
indispensable  to  the  plan.  The  east 
window  should,  of  course,  form  an 
object  worthy  of  its  conspicuous  sta- 
tion. In  the  larger  churches  a  rich 
bay  window  (Gothic  of  course,  for  I 
am  not  speaking  of  any  Grecian 
church)  has  a  noble  effect,  and,  with 
the  other  distinctions  of  the  chancel, 
would  form  in  the  interior  that  which 
seems  so  much  wanted  in  that  portion 
of  the  usual  buildings, — a  bold  and 
beautiful  climax. 

Viewed  from  without,  a  chancel  pro- 
jecting beyond  the  aisles  might  be  dis- 
tinguished further  by  a  little  ^roore 
ornament  or  weight  in  the  parapet 
than  in  that  of  the  nave,  by  a  light 
spiral  campanile  or  cross  just  above 
the  arch  which  separates  the  chancel 
from  the  nave  ;  in  which  decorations 
variety  might  be  displayed  according 
to  the  character  of  each  of  these 
edifices. 


I  have  nothing  more  to  add  to  a  plan 
(which,  as  I  have  said,  involves  no 
other  novelty  than  the  entire  rejection 
of  all  decrease  of  height  in  the  chan- 
cel) but  to  exhibit,  by  the  following 
outlines,  the  effect  of  thes*e  arrange- 
ments compared  with  the  usual  forms. 
These  examples  are  for  the  most  part 
imaginary,  but  they  are  such  as  ap- 
peared to  explain  the  proposed  alter- 
ation in  three  classes  of  churches, 
distinct  from  each  other. 

I  have  only  to  add.  Sir,  that  if  any 
of  your  Correspondents  would  be  so 
obliging  as  to  suggest  a  cause  for  the 
almost  universal  custom  of  depressing 
the  chancel,  or  shew  that  it  is  not  a 
defect  in  point  of  symmetry  or  beauty, 
or  suggest  another  mode  of  counter- 
acting the  deformity,  if  acknowledged, 
I  shall  be  the  first  to  offer  him  my  sin- 
cere thanks. 

Yours,  &c.     G.  C. 


Reply  to  the  questions  proposed  by  G.  C 

IN  the  records  of  church-building, 
from  the  earliest  ages  of  Christianity 
to  the  present  time,  no  reason  what- 
ever seems,  during  any  period,  to  have 
been  assigned  why  the  height  of  the 
chancel  should  be  inferior  to  that  of 
the  nave. 

At  first.  Pagan  temples  were,  in  some 
instances,  converted  into  Christiaii 
churches  ;  and  so  also,  perhaps,  more 
frequently,  were  the  basilicie,  or  h&lls 
of  justice.  Many  new  churches  were 
likewise  built,  sometimes  after  the 
models  of  the  temples,  but,  for  the 
most  part,  on  the  plan  of  the  basilicse. 

The  noblest  temples  of  antiquity 
had  no  appendages  corresponding  in 
form  with  our  chancels ;  and  if  the 
roofs  of  these,  being  usually  lower 
than  those  of  the  naves,  have  been 
copied  from  any  ancient  examples, 
they  must  have  been  erected  during 
the  rapid  decline  of  architecture.  There 
is  no  express  authority  for  f  uch  a  con- 
struction,  and,  as  it  is  contrary  to  that 
of  our  cathedrals,  so  likewise  should 
the  practice  be  abandoned  in  all  future 
parochial  churches  and  chapels. 

The  habit  in  question  may  have 
arisen,  without  due  consideration,  in 
these  north-western  parts  of  Europe. 
If  so,  we  still  come  to  the  same  con- 
clusion. 

Chancels,   like    ours,  are   unusual 


1843.] 


Early  Editions  of  the  PilgrinCs  Progress, 


487 


beyond  the  Alps  ;  for  there  the  most 
frequent  plan  of  the  sanctuary,  as  in 
the  early  ages,  is  the  apsis,  in  which 
form  was  the  tribune  of  the  basilica. 

Although  the  tribune  was  the  most 
important  part  of  the  basilica,  it  may 
not  have  been  rigidly  required  to  be 
equal  in  height  with  the  body  of  the 
hall,  especially  if  the  usual  Italian 
mode  of  roofing  a  semi-circular  build- 
ing be  considered. 

Vastly  mor#  important  is  the  most 
holy  part  of  a  Christian  church  ;  and, 
whatever  may  have  been  the  practice 
of  the  early  times  of  Christianity,  or 
however  the  height  of  the  sanctuary, 
with  reference  to  that  of  the  nave, 
may  have  been  thought  immaterial 
(and  it  seems  to  be  so  considered  by 
the  Church  of  Rome  at  the  present 
day),  we  are  by  no  means  bound  to 
follow  them  in  this  particular.  The 
height  is  certainly  more  becoming 
when  eqihil  than  when  it  is  depressed. 

It  has  been  said  that,  iu  several  of 
the  Suffolk  churches,  the  chancel  is  of 
equal  height  with  the  nave.  If  the 
saying  be  true,  they  differ  in  this 
respect  from  the  churches  in  general 
of  England  and  Wales. 

The  parish  church  of  Camberwell 
having  been  of  late  destroyed  by  fire, 
one  set  of  designs  for  rebuilding  it 
was /7ro/e9«e(22y  drawn  after  the  manner 
of  some  of  the  handsomest  churches 
in  Suffolk.  The  chancel,  of  moderate 
and  well-proportioned  length,  was  a 
continuation  of  the  nave  in  height 
and  width,  but  it  had  no  extension  of 
the  aisles  attached  to  the  latter.  Out- 
wardly, the  eastern  termination  of  the 
aisles  marked  the  commencement  of 
the  chancel,  the  side-windows  of 
which,  though  not  equal  in  height  to 
those  of  the  aisles  and  clerestory  of 
the  nave,  taken  together,  were  yet 
loftier  than  the  windows  of  the  former. 
Inwardly,  where  the  nave  and  its 
aisles  terminated,  the  entrance  of  the 
chancel  was  marked  by  a  graceful  and 
lofty  arch.  Its  floor  was  on  an  ascent 
of  two  easy  steps,  and  the  communion 
table  was  to  have  been  placed  on  an 
elevation  of  four  similar  steps  above 
this  portion  of  the  church.  A  large 
and  appropriate  window  adorned  the 
eastern  wall. 

A  square  tower  was  at  the  west-end 
of  the  nave,  to  which  it  was  equal  io 
width ;  a  handsome  porch  projected 


from  the  second  division  of  the  south 
front,  counting  from  the  west,  and  a 
northern  door  was  opposite  to  it. 

In  point  of  style,  this  design  ac- 
corded with  that  of  the  ea.rliest  part  of 
the  fifteenth  century ;  and,  as  well  as 
every  other  by  the  same  architect, 
(Mr.  R.  C.  Carpenter,)  may  be  ranked 
among  the  very  best  adoptions,  in 
these  days,  of  the  purest  English 
models.  Saxon. 


Mr.   Urban,  Sejtt.  28. 

IT  is  rather  singular  that  only  one 
copy  of  the  first  edition  of  Bunyan's 
Pilgrim's  Progress  has  hitherto  been 
discovered.  The  second  edition,  as 
mentioned  by  Mr.  Allies,  (in  your 
Sept.  Magazine,  p.  261,)  is  in  the 
British  Museum,  ]2mo.,  but  without 
any  illustrations.  The  following  is  n 
copy  of  the  title-page :  "  The  Pilgrim's 
Progress  from  this  World  to  that  which 
is  to  come  :  delivered  under  the  Simili- 
tude  of  a  Dream,  wherein  is  discovered 
the  manner  of  his  setting  out,  his 
dangerous  journey,  and  safe  arrival  at 
the  desired  country.  By  John  Bun- 
yao.  The  Second  Edition  with  Addi- 
tions. *  I  have  used  similitudes.' 
Hoseaxii.  10.  Licensed  and  Entred 
according  to  Order.  London:  Printed 
for  Nath.  Ponder,  at  the  Peacock  in 
the  Poultry,  near  Cornhil,  1678." 
It  commences  on  the  third  page  with 
the  Author's  Apology  for  his  Book. 
"When  at  first  1  took  my  pen  in 
hand,"  &c.  This  Apology  occupies 
nine  pages.  Then  immediately  follows 
the  Progress,  "  As  I  walk'd,"  &c.  276 
pages  ;  and  it  terminates,  "Then  1  saw- 
that  there  was  a  way  to  hell,  even  from 
the  gates  of  heaven,  as  well  as  from 
the  City  of  Destruction.  So  1  awoke 
and  found  it  was  a  dream."  The 
second  part,  viz.  the  Progress  of  his 
Wife  and  Children,  is  not  in  this  book. 
The  third  part,  consisting  of  155  pages, 
is  inserted,  but  it  is  deemed  spurious. 
At  the  end  is  an  Account  of  Bunyan's 
Life  and  Actions,  with  his  Elegy, 
printed  in  1692,  44  pages. 

Some  conjecture  has  arisen  as  to 
what  source  Bunyan  was  indebted  for 
the  idea  of  publishing  his  singular 
romance. 

It  appears  that  WiUiam  de  Guille- 
ville,  a  monk  of  Chanliz,  composed  in 
French  metre,  in  1310,  the  Pilgrimage 
of  Human  Life  ;  then  followed  his 


488 


Prototypes  of  the  Pilgrinis  Progress. 


[Nov. 


Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul,  and  the  Pil- 
grimage of  Jesus  Christ,  which  latter 
bears  the  date  of  1358.  This  work 
was  called  "  Le  Romant  des  trois 
P^ierinaiges/'  and  was,  probably,  the 
parent  of  the  following  books  :-^ 

Bishop  Simon  Patrick's  Parable  of 
the  Pilgrim's  Journey  to  Jerusalem, 
written  to  a  Friend  ;  published  in 
London,  1665,  4to.     And, 

Richard  Bernard's  "  Isle  of  Man, 
or  the  Legal  Proceedings  in  Man-shire 
against  Sin,  wherein,  by  way  of  a 
continued  allegory,  the  chief  Male- 
factors disturbing  both  Church  and 
Commonwealth  are  detected  and  at- 
tacked, with  their  arraignment  and 
judicial  trial  according  to  the  laws  of 
England."  The  first  edition  is  dated 
May  28,  1627.  Id  1683  it  had  gone 
through  16  editions  in  12mo.,  and  con- 
tained 218  pages. 

The  late  Dr.  Southey,  in  his  Bvo. 
edition  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  in 
1830,  remarks,  that  the  " Isle  of  Man" 
was  a  cheap  and  popular  book  in 
Buoyan's  time,  and,  for  its  wit,  spirit, 
and  merit,  as  well  as  for  the  traits  of 
the  times  with  which  it  abounds,  no 
doubt  had  a  considerable  effect  upon 
the  style  of  Buuyan's  invention.  And 
referring  to  the  "  Pilgrimage  of  Human 
Life,"  he  says, "  There  is  an  occasional 
resemblance  in  the  details,  but  the 
coincidences  are  such  as  the  subject 
would  naturally  lead  to,  and  the  Pil- 
grim's Progress  might  have  been  ex- 
actly what  it  is,  whether  Bunyan  had 
ever  seen  this  book  or  not."  This 
supposition,  however,  has  been  con- 
troverted by  a  celebrated  writer,  who 
is  decidedly  of  opinion  that  Bunyan's 
work  emanated  from  the  romance  of 
Guilleville,  and  not  from  Bernard's 
Isle  of  Man. 

I  have  in  my  possession  an  illu- 
minated MS.  vellum  copy  (358  pages) 
of  the  French  metrical  romance  of  the 
Three  Pilgrimages,  by  Guilleville,  but 
nearly  one  half  of  the  Pilgrimage  of 
Human  Life  is  lost.  Tliis,  however, 
possibly  might  be  supplied  from  nn 
ancient  printed  copy  of  the  whole  in 
French  metre  which  is  now  in  the 
British  Museum. 

I  am  not  aware  that  the  Pilgrimages 
of  Human  Life  and  Jesus  Christ  have 
ever  been  translated  into  English.  In 
my  imperfect  copy  of  the  former  the 
principal  speakers  are  the  Pilgrim, 
5 


Gluttony,  Grace  of  (Jod,  Luxury,  Our 
Lady,  Youth,  Tribulation,  Mercy, 
Prayer,  Infirmity,  Death,  &c.  The 
Pilgrimage  of  Jesus  Christ  contains  a 
regular  narrative  of  Christ  from  his 
birth  to  his  crucifixion,  interspersed 
with  dialogues,  in  which  the  speakers 
are  the.  Pilgrim,  King,  Justice,  Angels, 
Gabriel,  Holy  Ghost,  Satan,  Disciples, 
&c.  &c. 

Among  the  Cecil  MSS.  at  Hatfield 
House,  belonging  to  the  Marquis  of 
Salisbury,  is  "¥•  Dreme  of  y«  Pil- 
grimage of  y«  Soule,  translated  out  of 
Frensch  into  Englisch,  w^  som  addi- 
cion,  y«  yer  of  our  Lord  MMiij«  and 
>rittene."  (1413.)  This  is  a  folio 
MS.  on  vellum,  adorned  with  many 
humourously  designed  illuminations. 
Lydgate  also  translated  it,  and  a  MS. 
copy  of  his  version  is  described  in  the 
Bibliotheca  Anglo- Poetica,  art.  568. 

The  late  Mr.  Hone,  in  his  "  Ancient 
Mysteries  described,"  saylT  the  Pil- 
grimage of  the  Soul  was  printed  by 
Caxton  in  1483,  and  that  he  had  a 
French  MS.  from  which  Caxton's  work 
was  translated,  with  56  coloured 
drawings  interspersed,  three  of  which 
are  sections  of  hell,  divided  into  com- 
partments, conformably  to  the  print 
by  Wierix.  Dr.  Dibdin  remarks  that 
the  work  from  which  Caxton's  is  a 
translation  was  a  prose  composition  of 
Gall6pes  from  the  original  French 
rhyme  of  Guilleville. 

Caxton's  book  in  the  Brit.  Mus. 
details  the  numerous  singular  incidents 
which  are  presumed  to  befal  the  soul 
in  its  progress  after  separation  from 
the  body,  viz.  its  trial  before  St. 
Michael  the  Provost,  and  final  sentence 
to  Purgatory ;  a  description  of  the 
pains  of  hell,  and  its  inhabitants  ;  the 
soul's  release  from  Purgatory,  and 
ascension  to  heaven,  with  a  description 
thereof,  &c.  The  work  is  comprised 
in  1 10  leaves,  in  which  are  fourteen 
poems.  Some  of  the  characters  are, 
the  Pilgrim,  Cherubim,  the  Judge, 
Conscience,  Guardian  Angel,  the  Son!, 
the  Body,  Pride,  the  King,  Virgin 
Mary,  &c.  &c. 

There  is  also  a  copy  in  St.  John's 
College,  Oxford,  of  106  leaves.  Mr. 
Heber  had  an  imperfect  copy.  See 
Bibl.  R.  Smith,  275,  No.  90;  West. 
No.  1874  ;  Ratcliffe,  1220 ;  Edwards's 
Catalogue,  1790,  No.  1324  ;  and  MS. 
Bibl.   Monro,   No.   3394,   by  W.  de 


1S43.] 


P.  HoBafuTs  ftamhtion  bfihe  Britannia, 


489 


Stanton,  Id  the  year  1416,  with  draw- 
ings in  water  coloars.  There  are  also 
other  ancient  copies  still  existing  in 
the  public  libraries  in  France. 

On  the  whole,  as  there  appears  little 
doubt  that  the  works  of  Patrick,  Ber- 
nard, and  Banyan,  owe  their  origin  to 
the  Pilgrimages  of  W.  de  GniHeville, 
it  remains  to  be  considered  whether  a 
reprint  of  the  French  metre  of  the 
Pilgrimage  cf  Human  Lnfi,  with  ai 
literal  English  translation  at  the  bot- 
tom of  each  page,  is  not  a  desideratum, 
and  which  might  be  readily  ac- 
complished by  one  of  our  literary 
societies. 

Yonrs,  &c.     W.  Reader. 


Mr.  Urban,  Sep/.  26. 

MANY  of  onr  antiquaries  have 
doubted  whether  Philemon  Holland's 
translation  of  Camden's  "Britannia" 
was  countenanced  by  Camden  hinnelf. 
The  editor  of  "Original  Letters  of 
Emfinent  M«n  of  the  Sixteenth,  Seven- 
teenth, and  Eighteenth  Centuries," 
recently  published  by  the  Camden 
Society,'  has  given  substantial  evidence 
that  Camden's  own  maps  accompanied 
Holland's  translation,  and  that  the 
Work  was  ptiblished  by  Camden's 
bookseller. 

The  qtiestion,  however,  is  placed 
entirely  at  rest  by  the  following  letter 
from  Philemon  Holland  himself  to 
Camden,  preserved  in  the  Museum  in 
one  of  the  Cottonian  Manuscripts ; 
whence  it  will  be  clearly  seen  that 
Camden  took  the  pains  to  revise  the 
sheets  of  Holland's  translation  as  they 
gradually  issued  from  the  press,  and 
that  Holland  consulted  Camden  upon 
every  difficult  passage. 

Yours,  &<?.        B.  M. 

[MS.  Cotton.  Jul.  C.  V.  fol.  58.] 

1609,  My  very  good  ffreind,  M'  Cam- 
25  Aug.  jjgn^  It  appeareth,  now  that  my 
Translation  of  your  Britannia  is  under  the 
presse,  that  you  have  taken  paines  in 
perusing  the  written  sheets,  and  that  they 
mean  to  use  you  still  in  that  kind.  I 
must  confesse  now  that  I  mistook  in  the 
2.  pag.  the  latter  verse  of  the  twain,  as 
touching  the  true  sense,  ffor  finding  it 
without  any  comma,  and  knowhig  ther 
were  many  British  Hands  more,  I  made 
Gent.  Maq.  Vol.  XX. 


comparison  between  our  Britanny  and  all 
other  British  Isles  ;  so  that  you  have  done^ 
me  a  pleasure  in  altering  my  latter  verse^ 
The  printer  should  have  done  well  to  have 
priMed  your  verse  true,  which  I  suppose 
went  in  this  number, 

[And,  seek  through  Hands  all,  none  may 
with  British  Isles  compare.] 

Let  me  I  pray  you  be  farther  beholden 
unto  you  in  the  c(»)ie  new  sent  up :  and 
namely  in  some  new  places  here  under 
noted,  wiierein  I  am  not  satisfied. 

Pag.  181,  tin.  46,  Canonici,]  whether  a 
secular  priest  or  regular?  because  tO 
Canonicus  els  wher  is  added  regularis,  as 
pag.  349.  I  hove  in  Colleges  termed  them 
secular,  and  in  Monasteries  regular.  As 
you  meet  with  such  places  beside,  I  pray 
correct  them  to  your  own  sense. 

239,  Un.  %  DOMINVS  AVGVS- 
TINVS,]  S'  Austen  or  Lord  Augustin, 
and  so  in  DOMINUS  tiEVBERTUS  in 
another  place. 

280,  lin.  42,  ffbr  Leckhamsted]  I  find 
writteti  in  my  Latin  copie  over  head 
[Thornton] ,  by  whose  hand  I  know  not, 
but  it  hath  made  me  to  doubt  therof. 
And  in  truth  that  Latin  copie  which  I 
followed  in  perusing  my  Translation, 
differeth  from  that  which  I  went  by  in 
my  Translation,  but  especially  in  that  pas- 
sage of  Th'Earles  of  Richmond  ;  which 
did  put  me  to  a  new  labour. 

293,  lin.  45,  Lugubri  Barbarorum 
divortio.  I  doubt  that  1  misse  fhe  true 
sense. 

335,  12,  Infra  BannS  Leucam.  What  I 
should  call  it  properly  1  wote  not.  Yet 
In  Leuca  Brionij,  yow  interprete  Leuca  in 
the  margin  [The  Lowy].  But  what  u 
Banna? 

363,  3,  Urbs  est  noneittgua.]  I  suspect 
[non]  because  it  followeth  [neo  sua  fire- 
quentia  celebranda.] 

419,  20,  Jlvpoyevri,  Koi  ppSfioy  ov 
Pp6fitov.  1.  Spicigenam  Bromon,  haud 
Bromium,]  I  stick  here,  because  of  the 
comma  and  copulature  in  the  Greek,  but 
not  in  your  Latin.  May  it  please  yow  to 
supply  that  place  with  your  English. 

222.  In  the  epitaphicall  inscription  of 
HENRY  FITZ-ALAN,]  I  do  not  weU 
conceive  the  author's  meaning  in  fhes 
words,  Sui  generis  ah  Alani  fiKocognond- 
natus,}  nor  in  [MORINIS,]  whether  is 
mentPONTHEAUor  Pioasdie  generalhr 
taken?  Nor  yet  in  DOMUS  REGIJS 
PRi£FECTUS,]  whether  it  be  not  the 
same  that  after  ward  SENescallus. 

What  els  where  shdl  oecurre,  let  me 
intreat  yon  to  eertiff .    Bold  I  am  and 

3R 


490 


Church  Architeclure. — '*  The  Lamb  of  God,*' 


[Nov. 


overbold.  But  your  candor  and  love 
approved  promiscth  me  thus  much  and 
more  to.  And  so  commending  your  selfe, 
your  good  studies  and  endevors  to  God^s 
blessing,  I  take  my  leave  for  this  time. 
Coventry,  25  August,  1609. 

Your  loving  and  affectionate 
ffreind, 

Ph.  Holland. 


Mr.  Urban, 

WERE  it  not  that  1  have  always 
highly  esteemed  your  correspondent 
E.  I.  C.  for  his  writings*  sake, 
although  I  may  not  in  every  instance 
have  agreed  with  him,  I  should 
scarcely  have  noticed  the  letter  he  has 
lately  addressed  to  yon.  As  far  as  it 
relates  to  my  communication  in  the 
Magazine  for  June,  it  is  illogical,  in- 
conclusive, and  inaccurate.  He  ap- 
pears to  have  written  it  either  after 
too  slight  a  perusal  of  my  letter,  or  at 
a  subsequent  period  merely  from  me- 
mory. He  has,  unintentionally,  I 
imagine,  misquoted  me,  misrepresented 
my  obvious  meaning,  and  has  shewn 
a  want  of  sufficient  acquaintance  with 
a  part  of  the  subject  on  which  he  has 
offered  a  decided  opinion.  I  am  able 
to  defend  what  I  have  written,  because 
1  know  every  word  of  it  to  be  true.  I 
am  not  timid,  as  you  well  know  ;  but 
being  firmly  attached  to  the  Church  of 
England,  from  a  well-founded  convic- 
tion, I  feel  no  inclination  to  go  be- 
yond "  the  mind  of  the  Church,"  either 
to  say  less  or  more.  This  mind  I 
have  had  more  opportunities  of  study- 
ing than  E.  I.  C.  is  aware  of;  and 
there  is  much  that  I  trust  may  be 
satisfactorily  proved  to  him,  although 
he  may  not  hitherto  have  been  pre- 
pared to  receive  it.  You  are  aware 
that  I  do  not  indulge  at  any  time  in 
unsubstantial  fancies.  I  entertain  the 
greatest  respect  for  the  zealous  exer- 
tions of  the  Cam  bridge  Camden  Society. 
They  have  seen  it  expedient  more  than 
once  candidly  to  use  the  pruning 
knife  themselves ;  and  therefore  it 
may  be  supposed  that  the  remarks  of 
a  well-wisher,  rather  than  of  an  ad- 
versary, will  have  been  favourably  ac- 
cepted. Yours,  &c.     Saxon. 

P.S.  Since  my  communication  was 
printed,  a  very  judicious  book  on  the 
subject  has  been  published  by  the 
Bishop  of  Down  and  Connor.  His 
Lordship's  sentiments  on  "  the  mind 


of  the  Church "  perfectly  agree  with 
my  own,  and  they  are  well  deserving 
the  serious  attention  of  all  persons  who 
are  interested  in  church  architecture. 

Mr.  Urban, 

SEVERAL  eminent  Biblical  scho- 
lars  (among  whom  I  may  particularly 
mention  Dr.  Pye  Smith)  unite  in 
praising  the  works  of  the  late  Dr. 
Tittman,  Lutheran  Pastor,  and  super- 
intendent at  Dresden,  especially  his 
"  Meletemata  Sacra,"  a  commentary 
on  St.  John's  Gospel,  published  at 
Leipzig  in  1816,  (8vo.  pp.  xxxiv.724.) 
Without  professing  to  dissent  from 
their  general  praise,  I  offer  the  follow- 
ing remarks,  in  order  to  carry  out  an 
argument  which  the  learned  writer 
has  imperfectly  expressed. 

On  John,  i.  29,  l^^  ^  dfivos  tov  Btov 
6.  alpmv  TTjv  afiapTuiv  tov  Koafiov,  he 
says,  "  Quando  Christus  Dominns  ap- 
pellatur  agnua,  ferena  peccata  mundi, 
manifest^  intelligitur  is,  qui  suscep- 
turus  esset  in  se  peccata,  sic,  ut  posnaa 
peccatorum  lueret."  He  then  notices 
an  objection,  by  whom  raised  he  does 
not  say,  and  to  which  he  replies  in 
only  general  terms.  "Nee  obstat, 
quod  objicient  nonnulli,  appellari  Do- 
minum  hoc  loco  agnum,  agnos  vero 
inter  victimas  piaculares  non  fuisse 
sufficit  enim,  agnos  tamen  fuisse; 
inter  sacrificia ;  nee  profecto  improba- 
bile  est  loannem  nomine  agni  data 
opera  usum  fuisse  loco  animalis  cu- 
jusque."  (P.  81.)  He  has  too  readily 
conceded  that  the  lamb  was  not  reck- 
oned among  piacular  animals,  probably 
having  in  his  mind  "the  blood  of 
bulls  and  goats,"  as  spoken  of  in  the 
epistle  to  the  Hebrews,  c.  x.  v.  4,  and 
on  this  same  enumeration  the  objec* 
tion  itself  appears  to  be  founded. 

It  had  escaped  the  objectors  and 
the  apologist,  that  the  lamb,  though 
not  originally  directed,  in  the  case  of 
the  sin-offering,  was  nevertheless  sup.- 
posed  in  certain  cases,  and  therefore 
allowed.  Thus  at  Leviticus,  iv.  32» 
it  is  said,  "  and  if  he  bring  a  lamb 
(u^SD)  for  a  sin-offering ;"  a  permis- 
sion probably  given  to  suit  the  cir- 
cumstances of  the  party,  as  the  only 
unblemished  animal  he  could  provide 
might  be  a  lamb.  Further,  at  Lev.  v. 
6,  7,  xiv.  12,  13,  24,  25,  the  lamb  is 
designated  as  a  sin-offering,  or  tres- 


1843.] 


''  The  Lamb.^'-^Lightfoot  and  Fuller. 


491 


pass-offering.*  And  in  the  second, 
fifth,  and  sixth  of  those  places  (or 
chap.  V.  7,  xiv.  24,  25,)  the  Hebrew 
term  is  Ott^k^»  the  same  as  is  used  in 
Isaiah  53,  10,  for  "  an  offering  for 
sin,"  which  the  LXX  render  by  wcp* 
afuiprMif,a  piacular  idiom  answering  to 
Ov<na  n€pi  afjMpTias.  (See  Stuart  on 
the  Hebrews,  x.  6.)  Perhaps  it  should 
be  observed,  that  no  stress  can  be  laid 
on  the  sex  of  the  animal,  as  though  it 
is  female  at  Lev.  iv.  32,  it  is  male  at 
Lev.  xiv.  12. 

We  may  conclude,  then,  that  Lamb 
is  the  fittest  general  term,  as  including 
the  ideas  of  all  sacrifices,  whether 
piacular  or  paschal.  To  have  said, 
with  verbal  precision,  *'  the  goat,  the 
bullock,  and  the  lamb  of  the  world," 
would  have  been  uselessly  redundant; 
but  St.  Paul,  when  arguing  closely  on 
the  imperfection  of  the  Legal  Sacrifices, 
confines  his  allusion  to  those  which 
were  specially  offered  on  the  great  day 
of  atonement,  (Heb.  ix.  and  x.  Lev. 
xvi.  14,  15,)  namely,  the  bullock  and 
the  goat.  In  the  one  case,  too,  it 
should  be  observed,  Jesus  is  spoken 
of  as  an  offering ;  in  the  other  as  a 
priest. 

2.  In  a  sermon  of  Lightfoot's 
preached  before  the  House  of  Commons, 
March  29,  1643,  from  the  text  of  Luke 
i.  17,  and  entitled, "  Elias  Redivivus," 
is  a  passage  of  singular  beauty,  superior 
to  almost  all,  if  not  to  all,  of  his  other 
writings,  in  point  of  style. 

*<  A  deadUer  hate  could  not  be  betwixt 
man  and  man  than  was  of  the  Jew  towards 
the  Gentile  ....  and  yet  when  true 
religion  cometh  in  and  seizeth  both  the 
Jew  and  Geutile,  the  hate  is  forgotten, 
the  feud  is  gone,  and  the  deadly  enemies 
are  the  nearest  friends.  Much  Uke  as  it 
is  reported  concerning  Cairo  in  Egypt, 
that  if  the  plague  rage  never  so  much 
over-night  that  they  die  by  thousands, 
yet,  if  the  river  Nilus  come  flowing  in  the 
next  day,  the  mortality  is  ceased,  and 
there  dieth  not  one  :  even  so  it  is  with 
religion  :  be  there  never  so  much  bitter- 
ness and  heart-burning  betwixt  man  and 
man,  never  so  much  contention  and  con- 
testation betwixt  neighbour  and  neighbour ; 


*  LXX.  Lev.  V.  6,  afivaba,  xiv.  12, 

UflVOV. 


if  the  power  of  religion  do  but  once  flow 
in  and  seize  them  both,  the  plague  is 
ceased,  the  malignity  gone.*'  (Works, 
Pitman's  edition,  vol.  vi.  p.  155.) 

The  sermon  whence  this  passage  is 
taken  will  not  be  found  in  the  folio 
edition  of  his  works;  and  if  such 
passages  occurred  in  the  discourses 
which  were  omitted,  the  selection  which 
was  partly  made  by  Bonnell  could  not 
have  been  a  judicious  one.  Had  this 
sentence  been  penned  by  Jeremy  Taylor, 
it  would  have  been  regarded  as  one  of 
his  happiest  thoughts.  Whether  it  is 
physically  correct  in  the  effect  it  at- 
tributes to  the  inundation  of  the  Nile, 
I  cannot  say,  or  from  what  source  he 
is  likely  to  have  derived  it.  But  who 
will  not  regret,  after  reading  it,  that  he 
gave  so  much  attention  to  Rabbinical 
literature,  and  so  little  to  his  own 
language. 

There  is  a  passage  at  the  end  of 
Fuller's  answer  to  Heylin  written  in 
the  spirit  which  Lightfoot  commends. 

**  Let  we  therefore  tender  to  you  an 
expedient,  in  tendency  to  our  neutral 
agreement.  Yon  know  full  well,  sir,  how 
in  heraldry  two  lioncela  rampant  en- 
dorsed are  said  to  be  the  emblem  of  two 
vaUant  men,  keeping  appointment  and 
meeting  in  the  field,  but  either  forbidden 
[to]  fight  by  their  prince,  or  departing  on 
terms  of  equality  agreed  between  them- 
selves.  Whereupon  turning  back  to  back, 
neither  conquerors  nor  conquered,  they 
depart  the  field  several  ways  (their  stout 
stomachs  not  suffering  them  both  to  go 
the  same  way),  lest  it  be  accounted  an 
injury  one  to  precede  the  other.  In  like 
manner,  I  know  you  disdain  to  allow  me 
your  equal  in  this  controversy  between 
us  ;  and  I  will  not  allow  you  my  superior. 
To  prevent  future  trouble  let  it  be  a  drawn 
battie,  and  let  both  of  us  *  abound  in  our 
own  sense,'  severally  persuaded  of  the 
truth  of  what  we  have  written.  Thus 
parting  and  going  out  back  to  back  here 
(to  cut  off  all  contest  about  precedency), 
I  hope  we  shall  meet  in  Heaven  face  to 
face  hereafter.*'  (Appeal  of  Injured  In« 
nocence,  ad  finem.) 

Mr.  John  Nichols,  Fuller's  latest 
editor,  says,  "  I  do  not  recollect  to 
have  read  a  letter  in  any  language 
equal  to  this.'' 

Yours,  &c.         Cydwbli, 


492 


RETROSPECTIVE  REVIEW. 


A  Satire  t^fxm  WoUey  and  the  Romish  Clergy.    By  William  Roy. 

Sine  anno  yel  loco«  pp.  144. 

{Ctmtinuedfromp.  384.) 

W, — Hath  the  Cardinall  eny  gay  vumtioa  ? 
/. — Grett  palacei,  without  compariBon, 
Most  glorious  of  outwarde  sight. 
And  within  decked  poynt-deyice, 
More  lyke  unto  a  paradice 
Then  an  erthly  nabitacion. 
W. — ^He  commeth  dien  of  some  noble  stocke? 
/. — His.father  coulde  snatche  a  buUocke — 
*A  butcher  by  his  occapadon. 

Jeffery  goes  on  to  apeak  rather  coarsely  of  the  Cardinal's  ill  life,  aii4  of  his 
natural  children,  and  of  his  extortions. 

Many  a  goode  lady's  joyntor 
He  engrosseth  up  in  his  cofer. 

Of  the  which  some  here  to  namCf 
I  recken  the  Countes  of  Darby,* 
With  the  Countes  of  Salsbury, 

Also  the  Duchess  of  Budcyngame. 


Jeffery  then  proceeds  to  speak  of  the  Bishops. 


W, — ^What  are  the  bishops  divines  ? 
/. — ^Ye,  they  can  well  skyll  of  wynes. 

Better  than  of  devinit^ 
Lawears  they  are  of  experience. 
And  in  cases  agaynst  conscience 

They  are  parfet  by  practyse. 
To  forge  excommunicacions 
Por  tythes  and  decimacions, 

Is  their  continuall  ezercyse. 
As  for  preacheynge  they  tidce  no  care, 
They  wolde  se  a  course  at  an  hare 

Bather  then  to  make  a  sermon, 
To  folowe  the  chase  of  wylde  dere, 
Passynge  the  tyme  with  joly  chere. 


Amonge  theym  aU  is  jOomBunu 
To  playe  at  the  oardes  and  ^yoe. 
Some  of  theym  are  nothynge  nyne. 

Both  at  hasard  and  niom-€hmv9oe.t 
They  dryncke  in  gage  golden  boUes 
The  bloude  of  poure  simple  sonles^ 

Perisshynge  for  lacke  of  sustenannce  ; 
Their  hongery  cores  they  nerer  teache, 
Nor  will  sofire  none  wo&er  to  jMreaobe, 

Bot  Boche  as  can  lye  and  flattar, 
Biddynge  the  beades  after  this  nte— 

Ye  a^dl  praye  for  the  goode  estate 

Of  my  lorde  my  master." 


(< 


From  the  Bishops  he  goes  to  the  secular  priests. 


Fortune  with  prestes  runneth  on  wheles. 
So  that  some  have  after  their  heles 

A  scoare  of  yemen,  taule  and  stoute, 
Whom  forto  mayntayne  ydely 
They  have  benefyces  very  many, 

In  the  country  there  aboute. 


I  speake  of  the  poasessioperSit 
All  tho'  the  mendicant  orders 

Are  nothinge  lease  abhominable^ 
Whose  lyvynge  is  without  loude^ 
Norrisheid  in  rapyne  and  iSraude, 


*  Anne,  daughter  of  Lord  Hastings,  became  a  widow  in  1521.  See  Collins,  Art. 
Earl  of  Derby.  Margaret  Countess  of  Salisbury,  beheaded  1541,  widow  of  Edward 
Duke  of  Buckingham,  v.  Herbert,  Hist.  p.  98. 

t  '<  Mom-chaunce,'*  a  game  of  hazard  with  dice,  v.  Warton's  History  of  KngHifc 
Poetry,  iii.  155,  where  this  game  is  introduced  at  a  banquet  given  by  Wolsey  at  White- 
hall. 

X  Possessors  of  monastic  benefices* 


)8*8.] 


R^y*s  Sif^iffi  pf^ 


4»S 


Grounded  on  lesrngea  .^et^tablfi. 
They  are  the  Devil  s  messengers, 
And  of  Antichrist  the  members; 

Example  of  all  perversity. 


Tlji/Bv  are  yd^  of  i9att(epry, 
And  aposteis  of  hjrpocrysy, 
ilepleiU8]^4  with  enormity.  Sec, 


Jeffery  then  returns  to  the  subject  of  jthe  M9B8,  an4  i^^  W^^h  tbfi  prksts 
will  miss  it,  and  what  advantage  it  brought  them. 


Marchantes,  passynge  viages  on  farre. 
And  oQ^f^^x^,  goynge  forS>e  to  warre, 

By  the  ))4#Me  are  ofte  preserYAd ; 
Masse  brynget)^  synners  to  grace. 
And  feii4e9  awaye  it  doth  chace. 

Abosre  ^  thynges  preferred ; 


Masse  spleinDueth  mairiage, 
And  kepeth  people  irfua.  damage, 

Causynge  aUo  wedder  to  b%  layer  { 
Masse  maketh  tame  thynges  of  wyide^ 
And  l^peth  ipremea  to  be  with  cfaylde, 

ThQrowe  aaeistonce  of  the  sayer,  &e. 


Wat.  aaka  how  the  Noblee,  who  arft  wise  aud  aage^  are  so  beguiled ;  to  vi^ic^ 
Jeff,  aoswers,  that  jtiiey  begin  to  see  the  delusion,  and  tfajerefore  the  bishops 
have  ordered 


That  no  laye  man  do  re^e  or  lo]^e 
In  eny  fr^tfull  ^Ijjiglyashe  bioke, 

Wholy  Sqiptu^e  concemynge. 
Their  frantyke  fioly  is  so  pevisjihei 
That  tfrey  contempne  in  EngUsshe 


To  hear  the  Newe  Testaim^. 

But  as  for  tales  .of  ^U^yn  fitpde, 

W^  ,wotW  jesl^es  neither  honest  nor 

g99dBt 
They  have  n^oe  ^pedunent,  &€. 


The  ^iOn^rers^tion  is  now  bro^c^n  off  by  the  necessity  of  preparing  their 
master's  dinner ;  but  Wat.  asks  Jeff,  first  to  sing  him  a  song. 

**  First  syage  a  balett, — ^go  to, 
And  then  will  we  to  diner.'' 

Jeffery's soQg is,  like  the  Dialogue,  a  declamation  agaii^st  ''the  splriti^idky/i^ 
their  pride  and  worldliness ;  and  so  ends  the  first  part.    The  second  begins  thns : 


JiUf.—^}  horde  God !  what  gopde  dayes 
Thes  monkes  have,  in  abbayes, 

And  do  nether  swett  nor  swyndce ; 
Thei  lyve  in  welthiness  and  ease, 
Havynge  what  soever  they  please, 

With  ddicate  meate  and  dryncke ; 


Wherwith  they  force  their  fad^es  so  fidl. 
That  to  aU  goodnes  they  are  dull, 

Makyng  mery  with  GUA.  and  Joan^ 
They  sitt  slepynge  ii^  ft  corner^ 
Or  momblyng  their  ^ater  Ko^r, 

Their  mynde  notfaynge  ther  JfpQiK* 


As  Jeffery  abused  the  religious  orders  for  their  inordinate  wealth  s^ent  oygi 
themselves,  Wat.  observes  that  tha»t  does  not  apply  to  the  ^ars,  (or  t^j  i#^^ 
no  possessions. 


Jeff. — Fryers !  nowe  they  are  worst  <rf  ^, 
Ruffian  wretches,  and  raiscall, 

Lodes  men  of  idl  knavishness ; 
Though  they  be  no  possessioners, 
Yett  are  they  intollerabill  beggers, 

Lyvynge  on  rapyn  and  disceyte  }  * 
Worshippfnll  matrons  to  begyle. 
Honorable  virgins  to  defyle. 

But  Wat.  answers,  that 

— Yf  it  were  not  for  the  fryers 
There  wold  not  be  in  seven  yeares 
A  sermon  in  the  poure  country, 


Continuallv  l^ey  do  wayte. 
Of  honesty  mey  l^ave  119  tegard/df 
To  displease  God  ti^ey  are  npt  .ffraide 

For  the  vrioure  of  a  pyluie  / 
Of  whoredom  tfiey  are  tne  veiy  bajac(eSj 
Fraudulent  inventors  of  traudiff 

Provocacion  unto  syno^e. 


And  Si  iot  jthehr  lyvynge,  indy 
They  begge  |>eople^8  almes  parly, 
Takynge  aoqH^  thynges  as  they  geve^  Scd 


Jeffery  owns  they  are  not  aU  bad>  but  that  their  jxreaching  is  -not  Scripture^ 
but  old  wives'  tales,  and  that 

The  devyll  with  thevm  is  familiare, 
Mws^C;  b9th  at  Mi  and  at  baidst^ 


494  Retrospective  Review. 

Then  he  attacks  the  ** Observants"  or  '' Observantines. 

Nay  I  tell  th^  it  is  their  gyse, 
To  have  two  faces  in  a  hoode. 

And  ^hen  Wat.  points  to  their  self-denying  life. 


[Nov. 


Jeff, — Fyrst,  they  have  befe  and  mutten, 
Of  the  chefe  that  maye  be  gotten , 

With  bred  and  dryncke  of  the  best ; 
And  that,  moreover,  so  largely, 
That  to  force  and  stuflfe  their  belly 

They  take  more  than  they  can  dejest. 
Whither  that  it  be  flesshe  or  fysshe, 

Or  els  they  will  not  be  content  ; 
To  eate  bred  that  is  browne  or  stale, 
Eyther  to  dryncke  thynne  byere  or  ale. 

They  count  it  not  convenient,  &c. 

•  •  •  • 

They  give  almes,  but  howe  ? 
When  they  have  eaten  ynowe, 

Their  gredy  paunches  replennishynge, 
Then  gadder  they  up  their  levettes, 
Nor  the  best  morsels,  but  gobbettes, 

Which  unto  poure  people  they  deale, 

&c. 

•  •  «  • 

Wat, — Reputest  thou  it  hipocrisy, 
That  they  use  to  go  so  holyly 

In  cutt  shoes  without  eny  hose  ? 
J^, — Be  it  hipocrisy  or  no  ; 
To  mangill  their  good  shoes  so. 

Me  thynketh  it  but  foolishnes. 
W, — They  cutt  but  the  upper  ledder. 
/. — No !  for  it  is  moche  easier 


Than  to  cutt  the  soles  doubtles,  &c. 

•  •  «  4e 

Ye  ;  but  they  fynde  soche  a  remedy. 

That  they  fele  lytell  grersunce, 
For  in  coventes  where  as  they  are* 
Thycke  mantels  of  fryse  they  weare. 
With  sockes  to  kepe  their  fete  wanne  ; 
Then  have  they  fyre  at  theyr  pleasure, 
And  to  sit  therby  at  their  leaysnre, 
No  man  sayinge  theym  eny  harme ; 
And  when  they  walke  their  stadont. 
They  seeke  gentilmen's  habitacions. 

Where  as  they  fare  deliciously. 
For  be  there  never  so  grett  prease. 
They  are  set  up  at  the  hy  dease. 

Taken  lyke  lordes  honorably ; 
They  have  also,  to  wasshe  their  fete. 
Water  made  hott  with  erbes  swete, 

And  a  good  fyer  in  their  chamber. 
Then  have  they  bred,  ale,  and  wyne, 
With  a  ryche  bed  of  downe  fyne, 

Decked  after  the  best  manner. 
And,  peradventure,  the  goode  father 
Hath  in  his  sieve  a  bladder, 

Full  of  gynger,  nutmegges,  and  graynes ; 
Which,  to  make  the  drincke  mightye, 
He  putteth  therein  a  quantity. 

To  comfort  and  warme  his  veynes,''  &c. 


After  some  further  account  of  the  misdoings  of  these  reverend  gentlemen. 


/e/:— Shall  I  tell  th^  howe  they  do  ? 
W, — Now,  for  our  Lordes  sake,  go  to, 

To  tell  the  cast  of  this  wholy  men. 
J^. — Fyrst,  it  is  theyr  custom  ever. 
To  go  two  and  two  together, 

Excepte  a  grett  impediment  ; 
And  so  to  my  lady's  chamber, 
Formost  pricketh  in  the  elder, 

Which  of  theym  is  most  auncyent. 
As  sone  as  my  lady  he  dothe  se 
With  a  countenance  of  gravity. 

He  saluteth  her  noblenes : 
My  lady  then,  of  his  commynge 
Affectuously  rejoysynge, 

Welcometh  hym  with  gladness. 
The  father  then,  with  his  glosynge  style. 
After  that  he  hath  preached  awhyle. 

With  babblynge  adulacion. 
My  lady,  with  many  a  good  morowe, 
Begynneth  her  tale  to  folowe, 

Speakinge  after  this  fashion  : — 
<<  O  father  1  ye  do  grett  penaunce 
To  Wynne  eternal  inheritaunce 

Thorw  prayer,  fast,  and  watchynge  ; 
Ye  use  forto  sweare  no  othes, 
Lyinge  evermore  in  your  clothes, 

Neither  shetes  nor  shurtes  werynge  : 


Ambicion  ye  sett  asyde, 
Flying  worldly  pomp  and  pryde, 

Whiche  with  us  is  dayly  in  ure.  [use] 
Happy  are  ye,  and  fortunate, 
To  live  in  so  parfet  a  state, 

Where  to  be  saved  ye  are  sure. 
Yf  it  were  not  for  youre  wholiness. 
This  worlde,  full  of  viciousness, 

Had  been  destroyed  longe  or  this. 
Howe  be  it,  ye  do  pacify 
The  rigoure  of  God  Almighty 

Towards  us  that  live  amis.*' 
The  father  then,  with  wordes  of  comforte, 
Begynneth  my  ladye  to  exhorte, 

Sayinge  thus — **  O  goode  maidame, 
Your  ladyshippe  needeth  not  to  care  $ 
For  we  praye  dayly  for  youre  welfare. 

Or  els  we  were  gretly  to  blame. 
Wholy  S.  Fraunces  I  do  your  mede. 
Many  a  pouer  fryer  ye  do  fede 

Of  youre  bounteous  charity : 
Wherfore  ye  were  made  sister 
In  the  last  general  chapter 

Of  oure  whole  confraternity; 
By  means  whereof,  ye  are  partetaker 
Of  oure  watchynge,  fast,  and  prayer, 

Remembrynge  you  in  oure  memento* 


1843.] 


Roy's  Saiire  upon  Wolsey, 


495 


There  is  no  daye  that  cometh  to  passCy 
But  ye  have  parte  of  many  a  masse, 

Preservynge  you  from  carfuU  wo. 
Wholy  S.  Frauncis,  also,  hymselve, 
Which  is  above  the  Apostles  twelve,  • 

Nexte  unto  Christ  in  authority, 
Shalbe  your  perpetual  defence 
Against  syckeness  and  pestilence 

Souckerynge  you  in  adversity.*' 
And,  for  a  sure  approbacion. 
He  bryngeth  forth  a  narracion, 

Be  liln'O  comformitatumj 
Howe  St.  Francei,  their  advoury, 
Once  in  the  year  entreth  purgatory, 

When  that  his  fest-daye  doth  come  ; 
And  from  thens  he  taketh  oute 
Those  which  to  hym  are  devoute, 

Or  to  his  order  charitable. 
Thus  my  lady,  not  very  wyse, 
Is  brought  into  foles*  paradyse, 

Thorowe  their  wordes  disceavable. 

*  •  •  • 

W, — They  will  not,  for  all  Englonde, 
Handill  money  with  their  bare  honde, 
As  I  have  had  infonnacion. 


Jef, — ^Yett,  in  golde  cupps  to  dryncke, 
And  to  touch  women,  I  thyncke. 

No  gret  parell  they  do  adverte ; 
And  though  some  of  theym  never  dare 
Touche  eny  coyne  with  hondes  bare, 

Yett  they  touch  it  with  their  hertt, 
And  have  also,  withouten  lesynge, 
Money  in  wother  men's  kepynge, 

Redy  at  theyr  commaundment, 
Which,  by  the  wrytynge  of  a  bill. 
In  whatsoever  uses  they  will, 

Dayly  is  bestowed  and  spent. 
In  eny  covent  where  they  be. 
Very  feawe  of  theim  thou  shalt  se. 

But  have  a  frende  temporally  ; 
To  whom  for  every  tryfill  vayne. 
That  commeth  once  into  their  brayne, 

Yf  by  wrytynge  they  signify, ; 
Though  it  cost  a  noble  or  twayne, 
By  and  by,  they  shall  it  attayne, 

Not  foarsynge  *  what  is  layde  out ; 
Which  truly,  if  they  should  purchase 
With  laboure  and  swett  of  their  face, 

They  wolde  wotherwyse  take  aboute^ 
&c. 


Jeffery  then  proceeds  to  mention  the  internal  dissensions  of  the  orders^  till 
Wat.  says, 

Nowe,  by  the  fayth  of  my  body, 

The  Observauntes  are  not  so  holy 

As  they  do  outwardly  seme, 

Which  Jeffery  confirms  by  instances  of  their  disobedience  to  the  temporal 
powers,  &c. 


They  have  in  maner  the  ryches 
Of  every  londe  and  nacion  ; 
Namly,  in  Englonde  region 
They  excede  in  possession 

And  lordly  dominacion. 
The  black  order  f  hath  more  alone 
Then  all  the  nobles  every  chone» 

As  touchynge  their  patrimony  ; 
Thou  woldest  sorely  marvell 
To  se  their  fare  and  aparell, 

In  all  poyntes  superfluously  ; 
There  be  monkes  of  soche  statlynes. 
That  scant  will  soffer  at  their  messe 

A  lorde  of  bludde  with  theym  to  sitt  ; 
Whose  prowde  service  to  beholde. 
In  plate  of  silver  and  golde. 

It  passeth  a  man's  witt. 

Jeffery  persists  in  enumerating  fresh  and  worse  vices  of  the  monastic  orders, 
and  mentions  their  want  of  chastity,  and  also  of  almsgiving  or  charity. 


Knyghtes  and  squyres  honorable 
Are  fayne  to  serve  at  their  table^ 

As  unto  dukes  excellent ; 
Divers  of  them  have  the  degree. 
Of  worthy  erles  in  dignite. 

And  are  lordes  of  the  Parlement. 
W. — They  descende  of  famous  progeny  ? 
Jeff, — Ye ;  beggers  sonnes  most   com- 
monly, 

Their  fathers  scant  worth  a  groate  ; 
Commynge  fyrst  to  the  abbey  gate 
A  beggynge,  with  a  scalled  pate, 

Havynge  neither  goode  shurt,  nor  coate. 
Which  as  sone  as  he  is  ones  clad. 
For  a  gentilman  he  is  had. 
Though  he  be  but  a  starcke  knave,  &c. 


Hospitall  abbayes  thou  fyndest  but  feawe. 
All  though  some  of  theym,  for  a  sheawe, 

To  blyndfelde  the  peoples  syght, 
Paraventure,  will  not  denaye, 
Yf  a  gentle  man  came  that  waye. 

To  geve  hym  lodgynge  for  a  nyght ; 


But  yf  pouer  men  thyther  resorte. 
They  shall  have  full  Ijtell  conforte, 

Nether  meate,  drynke,  ne  lodgynge. 
Savynge  wother  whyles,  perhapes. 
They  gett  a  feawe  broken  scrapes 

Of  these  cormorantes  levynge. 


*  Not  caring,  v.  Ritson's  Met.  Rom.  i.  33. 
t  The  Benedictines. 


4961 


Retbospectivb  REfiBW.-*'Itoy'8  Satire. 


{fta^. 


He  theA  rebukes  their  disobedience  to  episcopal  authority,  giving  Saint  £d- 
mondsbury  as  an  instance ;  also  the  oppression  of  their  tenants. 


All  hnsbflndemen  they  have  imdoney 
Destroyinge  the  londe  miseraibly. 
W. — ^To  prove  that,  it  wer  rery  harde. 
•7. — ^Take  hede  how  farmers  go  backwardey 

And  thon  shalt  se  it  with  thyne  ey. 
For  the  londes  welth  pryncipally 
Stondeth  in  exereyse  of  hnsblandry, 

By  encrease  of  catell  and  tiHynge, 
Which  as  longe  as  it  doth  prosper, 
The  realme  eoeth  backwarde  nerer, 

In  stabill  felicity  persererynge  ; 
The  abbeys  then,  fall  of  coyetyse^ 
Whom  possessions  conld  not  suffyse,- 

Ever  more  and  more  enerottehyrige ; 
After  they  had  spoyled  gentill  men. 
They  undermyned  hnsbande  men. 

In  this  manner  them  robbynge. 
Wheare  a  farme  for  xz^  was  sett. 
Under  va  they  woMe  not  it  lett, 

Raysynge  it  op  on  so  bye  a  some ; 
That  many  a  goode  htisholder 
Constrayned  to  geve  his  farme  over, 

To  extreme  beggary  did  come. 
1^. — I  have  hearde  saye  of  myne  elders, 
That  in  Englonde  many  farmers 

Kept  gaye  housholdes  in  tymes  passed. 
/. — Ye,  thieit  they  did  with  liberality, 
Sheawynge  to  poure  people  charity ; 

But  nowe,  all  together  is  dasshed. 
Of  ryche  farme-places  and  halles 
Thou  seist  nothynge  but  bare  walles, 

The  rofes  fallen  to  the  grownde  ;• 


To  toume  fsyre  houses  into  paftitte, 
They  do  their  diligent  cure. 

The  commen-well  to  confownde. 
TT.— Howe  have  the  abbeyes  tiieir  piay- 

ment? 
/. — A  newe  waye  they  do  invent, 

Lettynge  a  dosen  fturmes  utfder  onie,- 
Which  one  or  too  ryehe  francklyBget/ 
Occupyinge  a  dosen  mens  lyvynges , 

Take  all  in  their  owiie  hondes  done. 
TT.— The  wother  in  pSiynge  theif  not 

By  lycklyhod,  were  negHi^ ; 

And  wolde  not  do  tkeir  dnty. 
/. — ^They  payde  their  duty  and  more/ 
But  their  farmes  are  faeythed  so  aort 

That  they  are  brought  into  beggery.- 
W, — Have  the  franoklynges  therby  no 
gayne  ?  [pisy^ ; 

/. — Yes!   but  fyrst    they    have  muche 

Yer  they  can  gett  it  substancially. 
Payinge  more  for  the  entrynge  in 
Then  they  shall  be  able  to  wynne 

A  goode  whyle  after — certaynly 
For  to  gett  the  abbottes  consent, 
Under  the  seale  of  the  covent,-    . 

It  is  a  thynge  very  costly ; 
Where  of  the  charges  to  recover, 
Lest  they  shulde  theymselves  enpovery 

And  be  brought  into  decaye* 
Fouer  cilly  shepperdes  they  gett 
Whome  into  their  feurmes  they  setty 

Lyvynge  on  mylcke,  whyg,*  uid  whey* 


Wat.  then  asks  Jeffery,  if  these  monks  are  so  covetoas  and  so  fraadule&t  as 
he  describes  them^  to  what  uses  are  they  profitable  ; 


Are  they,  like  wolves,  ravenous  ? 
Jeff. — ^A  grett  deale  more  outrageous, 

Ftfrre  exceedynge  their  rapacity. 
For,  though  they  be  cruell  of  mynde, 
Yett  they  leave  their  skynnes  behynde 

As  a  mendes  for  their  crueltd. 
But  this  mischevous  mounckry. 
Though  they  robbe  every  country 

Whyls  they  be  here  alyve. 
Yet  can  they  not  be  so  pleased. 
But  after  that  they  be  deceased, 

Least  any  by  theym  shuld  thryve,' 
They  carry  into  their  sepulture 
Their  dayly  clothynge  and  vesture. 

Buried  in  their  churlysshe  habyte. 
W. — Have  they  on  their  cotes  also  ? 
/, — ^Ye,  by  my  trothe,  ever  redy  to  go 

To  the  devill  withoute  respyte. 
W. — ^There  is  some  mistery  pondered 
That  they  use  so  to  be  buriea 

In  their  habyte  and  elothyne. 

(Toie 


J, — ^No  doubt  it  is  a  mistery 
By  conjectours,  manifostlh^ 

Their  wretched  lye  betokenynge, 
For  as  in  this  lyfe  they  denayde 
Their  Christen  neighbours  to  ayde, 

Lyvynge  here  uncheritably. 
So  by  their  death  and  latter  eniet) 
In  their  buriall  they  pretende 

Not  to  be  of  Christes  conipany. 
W, — To  whom  then  do  they  pertayne  ? 
/. — ^To  the  devill,  their  soverayne. 

Which  hath  theym  all  in  his  bonde  ; 
TV. — Beware  thou  be  not  to  bolde, 
For  thy  lyfe  were  bought  and  solde, 

Yf  thou  spake  this  in  Englonde. 
/. — ^They  maye  well  bothe  ban  and  cottrs, 
But  they  cannot  do  much  wors 

Then  they  dyd  to  Hun  the  marchaunt.*^ 
W. — Did  they  eny  greivaunce  to  hym  ? 
/. — Out  of  this  l^e  they  did  hym  trymme 

Because  he  was  Godaes  servaunte. 
continued.) 


*  Whyg  is  Scotch  for  '<  whey.»» 

t  See  Andrewes'  Hist.  vol.  ii.  p.  224,  where  the  deplorable  end  of  Richard  Hnnne, 
in  1514,  is  narrated  from  Fox  and  Burnet.     See  also  CoUins's  BccL  Hiet.  vol.  ii.  p.  4. 
Somers'  Tracts,  vol.  i  45.    Harl.  Miscell.  ii.  541. 
6 


497 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


Sir  Robert  Peel  and  his  Era,  ^c.  1843. 
A  CLEVER  and  rapid  sketch  of  the 
chief  political  and  social  events  whic^i 
have  taken  place  since  Sir  R.  Peel 
^tered  oa  public  life;  as  the  Bank 
Reston^tion^  CatholiQ  Emancipatiop, 
Parliamentary  R^forpij  Corn  i^pd 
Currency,  fcc.  The  last  chapt^  (I^.) , 
is  called,  **  a  Night  in  the  House  of 
Commons,^  in  which  the  persons  and 
talents  of  the  principal  members  are 
described  rather  broadly,  and  with  no 
very  precise  outline^  but,  on  the  whole, 
not  incorrectly,  and  in  an  amusing 
manner ;  indeed,  the  personal  sketches 
form  the  most  interesting  part  of  the 
work.  The  (author's  remedies  for  our 
present  state  of  national  infirmity 
reaches  no  further  than  a  corn  trade 
free,  and  a  currency  tied  up  ;  a  sliding 
scale  for  Europe,  and  a  fixed  duty  for 
America. 

*'  The  teachings  of  history,**  says  the 
author,  **  cannot  surely  be  in  vain :  de- 
ficient harveste  are  the  root  <lf  our  die- 
aetere;  a  vicious  currency  produces  an 
unnatural  prosperity  ftova^  our  abundance, 
and  an  unnatural  adversity  from  our 
scarcity ;  vicious  legislation  aggravates 
our  evils,  and  the  aid  which  fictitious 
capital  and  the  spirit  of  speculation  give, 
during  periods  of  prosperity,  to  the  ^^pid 
multiplication  of  a  naturally  rapidly  m- 
crea^g  population,  aggravates  during 
periodn  of  oisastf  rs  ten  fold  the  misery 
which  ensues ;  an4  add  to  all  this,  that 
other  nations  are  commencing  to  run 
a  race  of  rivalry  with  us  in  the  production 
of  manufactures,  which  must,  even  under 
the  most  favourable  circumstances,  di- 
minish profits  and  a£fect  wages.*' 

As  regards  the  sketches  drawn  in 
a  Night  in  the  House  of  Commons, 
we  were  rather  startled  in  finding  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  called,  "  a  tall, 
sharp. featured  man;"  and  do  not  re- 
cognize the  li|ceness  in  all  the  portraits, 
and  perhaps  not  in  that  of  Sir  Robert 
Peel.  We  will  give  one  or  two  of  them. 

''  O'Connell.  ~  Then  arose  Daniel 
O'Connell,  perhaps  the  most  remarkable 
of  all  the  remarkable  men  who  ever 
advocated  the  Catholic  claims.  Grattan, 
Curran,andPlunketwereProtestants :  some 
of  the  unhappy  men  whose  lives  were  for- 
feited to  the  laws  which  they  had  violated, 
were  remarkable  more  for  their  usistidcea 
enthusiasm,  than  for  aay  qualltiet  of  Judg- 

GsNT.  Maq,  Vol,  XX. 


ment  or  prudence.  The  Roman  Catho- 
lics had  hitherto  felt  that  their  advocates 
had  been  rather  with  them  than  of  them. 
But  here  appeared  a  man,  a  Roman  Catho- 
Uo,  a  barrister :  not  a  ffebla,  attenuated 
creature,  nothing  to  remind  them  of  the 
physical  deficiencies  of  a  Grattan  or  Cnr- 
ran,  but  a  brawny,  broad-shouldered  Irish- 
man, with  a  hroad,  laughisf,  grinning 
fece,  more  Irish  than  the  Irish  them- 
selves, a  rich  provincial  brogue,  a  ready 
and  racy  vocabulary,  familiar  with  tha 
moral  and  mental  constitution  of  hia 
Roman  Cathofio  oountrjrmen,  and  ever 
ready  to  inoorporate  himself  with  tiieir 
feelings  by  coarse  or  droU  joke,  vigorous 
vituperation,  or  rough  but  deep-toned 
eloquence.  All  the  qualitiea  of  the  dema- 
gogue he  had  in  full,  unflinching  impu^ 
dence,  audacious  assertion,  restless  mqtion 
and  reckless  power ;  but  above  tfaa  quali- 
ties of  the  demagogue  there  are  other  and 
higher  qualities — ^untiring  energy,  soaring 
ambition,  exquisite  tact,  and  instinctiva 
sagacity.  Such  was  the  man  whom  hii 
warm-hearted  opuntrymen  ultimately 
hailed  as  the  Irish  liberator,  he  whom 
they  considered  as  having  achieved  their 
full  fi^edom,*'  &o. 

And  now  for  the  great  pillar  of  the 
realm. 

**  Sir  Robert  Peel  is  not  a  9«,  or  a 
Burke,  or  a  Canning ;  hii  undentanding, 
though  not  very  efl|Micioti«,  is  exoallent ; 
and,  though  ratiier  slow  to  appreoiate  and 
acknowledge  principles,  he  is  not  capable 
of  doggedly  persevering  in  a  eoune  againat 
which  his  inteUeot  protests.  His  elo- 
quence is  therefore  a  reflection  on  his  cha- 
racter. His  mind  is  not  dera- toned,  his 
oratory  is  not  electric,  he  elotnes  no  jvin* 
ciples  in  burning  words,  emits  no  Uvii^[ 
thunders,  imprints  no  ineffaeeahls  recol- 
lections. Yet  he  is  really  an  admirable 
and  accomplished  public  speaker— as 
such,  unrivalled  in  the  present  House. 
The  habits  of  his  mind  enable  him  to 
arrange  his  topics  with  'great  art,  and  to 
present  them  with  excMding  okamess. 
In  ^the  language  of  Milton,  '  his  words, 
like  so  many  nimble  and  airy  servitors,  trip 
abouthimat  command,  and  in  well-ordered 
files,  as  he  would  wish,  f|dl  apUy  into  their 
places.*  His  vdoe,  though  neither  sono- 
rous nor  capable  of  varied  expression,  is 
managed  with  much  skill,  and  so  rendwed 
subservient  to  the  speaker's  purposes  af 
to  make  him,  if  not  a  powerful,  at  le«itf 
a  delightful  and  exceedingly  iaterastiag 
talker.  Sir  Robert  Peel  knowi  that  he  ji 
a  capital  speakar,  and,  like  a  good  lingerr 

3S 


493 


Review. — Sir  Robert  Peel  and  his  JSra, 


[Nov. 


has  no  objection  to  a  display.  His  tact 
and  prudence  restrain  him  from  being 
unnecessarily  intrusive  :  yet,  if  he  could, 
he  would  reserve  all  the  ministerial  talking 
to  himself.  He  enjoys  the  importance  of 
having  to  make  a  speech  of  some  four 
hours  in  length,  on  introducing  some  new 
measure,  with  the  House  crowded  with 
listening  Members,  the  strangers'  gallery 
crammed,  and  the  public  impatient :  and 
very  likely  his  enjoyment  of  such  a  sen- 
sation as  this  compensates,  in  some  degree, 
for  any  mortification  arising  from  his 
having  to  propose  a  measure  which  he 
formerly  opposed.  Next  to  this,  he  greatly 
enjoys  having  to  reply  to  opponents  who 
may  have  laid  themselves  open  to  fair 
retort,  or  even  to  a  dexterous  quibble,  or 
ingenious  rhetorical  perversion.  Let  some 
blundering  speaker  make  some  awkward 
admission,  or  obvious  exaggeration, — let 
some  philosopher  wander  out  of  the  ordi- 
nary track,  and  draw  arguments  for  annual 
parliaments  from  the  annual  revolution  of 
the  earth, — then  Sir  R.  Peel  treasures 
them  all  up,  gives  them  a  ludicrous  turn, 
and,  with  his  face  all  wreathed  with  smiles, 
turns  round  to  enjoy  the  bursting  laughter 
and  the  lingering  cheer  which  echoes 
behind  him.  His  enjoyment  of  this  kind 
has  betrayed  him  into  that  habit  of  rheto- 
rical evasion  which  has  too  much  charac- 
terized his  parliamentary  speeches,  and 
procured  for  him  the  reputation  of  being 
the  greatest  master  of  plausibilities  in 
the  House  of  Commons.  He  is  shaking 
off  this  habit,  and  therefore  taking  sincerer 
and  higher  ground.  Cool,  cautious,  and 
collected,  he  can,  nevertheless,  be  put  in 
a  passion.  He  can  also  simulate  emotion 
tolerably  well,  either  of  sympathy  or  in- 
dignation ;  but  his  fictitious  and  real  pas- 
sion are  very  different  things.  His  gene- 
ral habits  are  those  of  great  courtesy,  and 
though  occasionally  manifesting  what  Lord 
Castlereagh  would  call,  '  an  ignorant  im- 
patience of  being  harassed,'  he  submits, 
with  much  patience,  to  much  badgering, 
in  the  shape  of  questions  asked,  or  depu- 
tations waiting  upon  him,*'  &c. 

We  will  add  another  sketch  or  two 
of  the  Minor  Pinks, 

"Who  is  that  man  with  the  spectacles, 
poking  about  like  an  old  woman  ?  You 
mean  Bowring,  I  suppose, — Doctor  Puri- 
tan Utility.  That  man  is  a  remarkable 
example  of  very  considerable  ability 
being  wholly  insufficient  to  prevent  an 
individual  from  becoming  a  monstrous 
bore.  He  is,'!  am  told,  kindly  and  unas- 
suming in  private  life ;  and  his  great  philo- 
logical powers,  his  travels,  his  statistics, 
his  Benthamism,  and  advocacy  of  com- 
mercial freedom,  are  known  to  all.  Yet,  as 
a  speaker  in  the  House,  he  is  lackadaisical, 


lachrymose,  and  tedious.  His  pathos  is 
invariably  bathos ;  and  when  he  does  sink 
into  the  pathetic,  his  sing-song  intona- 
tion makes  it  excessively  ludicrous.' ' 

"IseeHumeinhisseat.  lun^t  he  a.  bore/ 
Why,  Joe  is  permitted,  in  consideration  of 
his  long  services,  to  have  the  run  qf  the 
kitchen.  He  offends  nobody,  and,  on  the 
whole,  is  rather  a  general  favourite  than 
otherwise.  Unquestionably,  whatever  may 
be  thought  of  his  school  of  politics,  he 
has  done  the  State  some  service  by  his 
long-continued  exertions  in  favour  of  re- 
trenchment ;  to  which  may  be  added 
what  he  has  done  for  commercial  reform, 
as,  for  instance,  by  his  celebrated  Import 
Duties  Committee,  confessedly  the  im- 
mediate foundation  of  the  New  Tariff. 
But  Hume  will  never  get  over  that  pecu- 
liar style  of  oratory,  which  Canning  cha- 
racterized as 'the  tottle  of  the  hoU.'  Not 
long  ago  he  censured  the  '  piccadUlies ' 
of  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer ;  and 
announced  that,  wherever  there  waa  any 
thing  delicate,  there  was  sure  to  be  some- 
thing wrong." 

^*  Ferrond  1  Has  not  that  man  been  tra- 
duced? It  has  been  his  own  fault.  He  had 
a  very  fine  chance  of  making  a  reputation : 
his  magnificent  voice,«-hi8  extraordinary 
volubility,  —  the  confidence  reposed  in 
him  by  the  working  classes,  and  all  that, 
— might  have  given  him  a  capital  chance. 
But  his  head  was  turned  by  the  applause 
he  received;  and  the  want  of  judgment  he 
exhibited,  in  adopting  any  vague  mmonr, 
and  propagating  acquired  exaggeration, 
got  him  into  so  many  scrapes,  involving 
honour  and  veracity,  that  the  more  pru- 
dent of  the  party  found  it  necessary  that 
he  should  be  cut.  But  Ferrand  is  very 
far  from  being  a  brpken-down  man ;  he 
has  but  to  avoid  his  errors  of  iigudidons- 
ness,  and  he  may  yet  make  a  respectable 
hand  in  the  house.  But  I  have  heard 
many  people  say  that  there  was  much 
truth  in  his  accusations  against  the  ma- 
nufacturers, of  making  and  vending 
worthless  goods ,  and  thereby  destroying  our 
foreign  markets  ?  Not  a  doubt  of  it ;  but 
his  error  was  not  so  much  in  the  matter, 
as  in  the  mode  and  manner  of  his  accusa- 
tions. We  would  be  all  indignant  if  our 
FoUetts,  our  Pollocks,  and  our  Wildes,  in 
the  law,  were  accused  of  the  practices 
which  Warren  has  so  vividly  described  in 
his  delineations  uf  the  firm  of  Gammon » 
Snap,  and  Co. ;  but  the  existence  of  the 
FoIIetts  and  Pollocks  does  not  disprove 
that  of  the  Gammons  and  the  Snapp* 
Ferrand  is  now  making  his  way  out  of  the 
House — that  young  man  with  a  pugilistic 
air  and  attitude,  and  who  looks  as  if  he 
would  instantly  doff  his  jacket,  should 
you  venture  to  insult  him,"  &c. 


1843.] 


Review.— Barr's  Afiglican  Church  Architecture.  499 


Anglican    Church    Architecture,    with 
some    remarks    upon    Ecclesi<istical 
Furniture.     Uy  James  Barr,  Archi- 
tect, 2d  ed,  Oxford, 
THE  little  work  which  we  reviewed 
some  time  since  has  swelled  into  a 
larger  volume^  and,  as  there  was  great 
room  for  amendment  in  the  first  edi- 
tion, we  are  happy  to  see  the  author 
has  availed  himself  of  the    opportu- 
nity of  a  second,  to  render  his  work 
more  complete  and  of  greater  utility. 

After  some  introductory  remarks  on 
architecture  in  general,  the  author  pro- 
ceeds to  particular  observations  on  the 
various  parts  of  a  church,  which  are 
classed  under  different  heads,  each 
treating  of  some  one  constituent  part 
of  the  edifice.  All  that  is  necessary 
to  be  said  upon  this  part  of  the 
work  is,  that  the  author's  suggestions 
are  in  accordance  with  the  views 
now  BO  generally  entertained  by  the 
various  societies  for  the  study  of  Ec- 
clesiastical Architecture;  and  its  best 
recommendation  is,  that  it  inculcates 
right  principles.  Each  portion  of  the 
church  is  illustrated  with  a  wood  en- 
graving of  some  good  original  exam- 
ple of  the  subject  treated  upon,  not 
forgetting  the  picturesque  lich  gate, 
which  we  are  pleased  to  find  sharing 
the  regard  of  our  church  restorers. 
The  division  relating  to  "  Ecclesiastical 
Furniture  **  is  illustrated  in  a  similar 
style,  and  truly  we  do  hope  to  see  a 
greater  share  of  attention  paid  to  this 
important  branch  of  church  arrange- 
ment. Why  is  any  church  without 
its  lectern  of  brass  or  wood,  and  its 
open  seats  ?  but  why  should  we  ask 
this,  when,  with  shame  we  speak  it, 
a  great  number  of  churches  are  actu- 
ally destitute  of  a  font ;  a  reproach, 
however,  we  trust  shortly  to  be  re- 
moved, and  that  the  time  is  not  dis- 
tant when  the  absence  of  a  font 
in  a  chapel  will  betoken  that  it  does 
not  possess  the  power  of  administer- 
ing the  Sacrament  of  Baptism.  One 
division  of  the  work,  entitled,  "  An- 
glican Church  Architecture,"  treats 
of  the  various  styles  prevalent  in  this 
country,  being  a  brief  history  of  Ec- 
clesiastical Architecture,  very  prettily 
illustrated,  and  highly  useful  to 
learners. 

An  Appendix,  containing  various 
matters  of  great  interest,  concludes  the 
work.    It  gives,  ia  the  first  place,  tx* 


tracts  from  a  number  of  authors  whose 
authority  is  valuable  upon  church  mat- 
ters. In  the  second  place.  Canons  of 
the  Anglican  Church,  respecting  fur- 
niture and  adorning  of  churches ;  and 
lastly,  symbols  used  by  the  early 
Christians,  and  emblems  of  the  Saints 
whose  festivals  are  retained  in  the  ca- 
lendar of  the  English  church. 

This  last  portion  will  still  admit 
of  greater  amplification,  and,  indeed, 
would  in  itself  make  a  separate  volume 
of  much  interest.  One  interesting  feature 
is  an  engraving  of  a  clog  almanack  pre- 
served in  the  Bodleian  library.  It  is 
divided  into  monthly  portions,  and  it  is 
pleasing  to  see  even  in  this  rude  work 
that  many  of  the  symbols  are  perfectly 
intelligible.  It  is  remarkable  that  all 
the  festivals  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  are 
indicated  by  a  heart.  This  primitive 
calendar  is  illustrated  by  a  series  of 
notes,  and  by  engravings  of  saints, 
and  their  attributes,  with  various 
religious  devices  copied  from  an  Ox- 
ford Prayer  Book,  published  in  1772. 

We  cannot  close  our  account  of  this 
little  volume  without  a  strong  recom- 
mendation in  its  favour,  not  only  on 
account  of  its  utility  to  the  inquirer 
into  the  history  and  details  of  Gothic 
architecture,  and  church  antiquities, 
but  for  the  sound  and  correct  church 
principles  which  it  conveys. 

Suggestions  for  the  Improvement  of  our 
Toums  and  Houses.  ByT.J.  Mas- 
len,  Esq.  many  years  a  Lieutenant  in 
the  Army. 

THE  suggestions  of  this  worthy 
veteran,  for  so  we  judge  him  to  be 
from  the  slight  piece  of  autobiography 
given  in  his  preface,  may  be  charac- 
terised as  the  result  of  the  experience 
of  a  man  of  great  observation,  who 
having  made  architecture  and  building 
a  study,  and  possessing  an  extensive 
sphere  of  action,  has  made  good  use  of 
the  opportunities  before  him.  The 
results  of  his  experience  and  travel  in 
distant  parts  of  the  globe  are  given  in 
this  work,  which  is  well  worthy  the 
attention  of  every  person  who  has  the 
power  of  directing  improvements,  and 
who  possesses  sufficient  moral  honesty 
to  do  so  without  making  or  contemplat- 
ing a  job ;  and,  although  we  think  the 
enthusiasm  of  Uie  writer  has  led  him 
into  the  formation  of  plans  so  exten- 
sive as  to  be  alviOBt  impractici^blef  we 


500 


RiyiBW^— MdBlen  an  the  fmpr&oiBfAent  of  fd#>lli,  *c.       [N^. 


shoald  have  been  sorry  if  they  had  not 
been  published.  If  they  should  not 
be  carried  out«  it  will  only  be  on  the 
score  of  the  immense  outlay  which 
they  would  require.  The  most  exten- 
sive of  the  plans  are  dictated  by  a 
good  and  generous  feeling  for  the 
improvement  and  welfare  of  mankind, 
and  there  is  so  much  good  sense  shewn 
in  the  grandest  of  the  author's  sugges- 
tions, that  it  is  only  a  matter  of  regret 
that  the  want  of  means  should  be  urged 
as  a  bar  to  their  entire  completion. 

The  improvement  of  the  metropolis 
should  lead  the  way  to  all  others,  and 
it  forms,  in  consequence,  the  first  sub- 
ject treated  of  by  the  author.  His 
plans^  we  regret  to  add,  are  more  de- 
sirable than  practicable.  He  proposes 
a  basin  in  Southwark  to  relieve  the 
banks  of  the  Thames  from  buildings — 
a  boulevard  round  London  connecting 
a  series  of  parks,  with  the  view  of 
stopping  "the  spreading  pestilence  of 
housebuilding  and  house  crowding," — 
a  palais  royal, — a  series  of  arcades  for 
foot  passengers, — a  multitude  of  new 
streets,  with  the  removal  of  butchers' 
markets,  and  particularly  the  chief 
nuisance  of  Smithfield,  an  improvement 
which  would  necessarily  lead  to  the 
construction  of  abattoirs.  The  details 
of  all  of  these  improvements  are  well 
worthy  of  the  highest  attention ;  they 
shew  the  author  has  made  himself  well 
acquainted  with  the  minutest  circum- 
stances connected  with  his  subject,  and 
that  his  observations  are  not  mere 
hasty  and  crude  remarks,  and,  if  his 
suggestions  cannot  be  carried  into  ef- 
fect, it  will  be  entirely  owing  to  the 
great  and  increasing  value  of  house 
property  in  those  liieighbourhoods 
which  would  become  the  meatre  of  his 
iihprovefments,  forbidding  anything 
beyond  the  indulgence  of  a  wish  that 
they  may  in  time  be  carried  into  exe- 
cution. 

The  objections  raised  to  the  pro- 
jected plan  of  embanking  the  Thames, 
b^  contracting  the  current,  are  worthy 
fn  attention  in  the  highest  quarters ; 
and  the  suggestion  that  in  lieu  of  sudi 
embankment  a  grand  flight  of  steps 
on  the  shore  should  be  constructed,  is 
a  proposid  which,  for  its  practicability 
tad  beauty,  ought  to  be  partially  at 
least,  if  not  entirely,  carried  into 
eiflfett,  land  a  view  obtaiA<^,  by  snch 
*ie»»,  of  t^  w«ter,  ifWck  is  olmt 


out  froiki  the  city  moat  iiiipdMidUly 
by  lines  of  warehotises  ailkddthel' ejec- 
tions, which,  in  the  first  inalfttkce^ 
must  have  been  encroaehftaiftAtB  on  the 
great  highway  of  ancient  liittea. 

We  reprobate  equally  with  our  U- 
thor  the  plan  of  building;  dodn  iftj^ 
the  great  natural  barrier  to  tiie  mkA 
which  the  Isle  of  Dogs  conatitatea,^^, 
as  no  one  can  cal^late  the  mf^lktef 
which  might  follow  such  «  meluAfi^ 
in  case  the  river  should  iTtifA  m  #tt4 
through  this  bar,  we  tn»t  It  Urill 
never  be  attem^^ted ;  but  i^  ^ttuMdt 
help  saying  that  we  rather  isttiM  It 
the  idea  of  a  fort  being  einected  thel% 
to  protect  the  meti^poliB>  hoWetdnt 
desirable  it  might  be  to  supencde  Vbt 
old  ToWer  of  Loudon.  To  l^e  M^ilJ^ 
of  this  fort  we  really  are  Mind>  aM 
sorry  should  we  be  to  see  a  "foHd^ 
force  with  a  fleet  of  steaMera''  %jthdi 
the  Thames,  much  less  so  bear  hoTt&t/k 
as  Blackwall,  as  there  would  then  be 
no  necessity  for  the  enemy  \6  €tL* 
counter  the  batteries  of  tm  lala  ^ 
Dogs  when  he  could  land  out  dfykst 
reach  of  its  guns ;  to  say  Nothing  of  ttft 
Arsenai,  which  could  derive  tfo  ptb» 
tection  from  fortifications  61a  tlife  Fait 
of  Dogs.  But  so  far  as  the  «baiidM* 
rafent  of  the  Tower  of  Ldndeh  ia  Mftn- 
cemed,  we  heartily  concur  wHiheVcfty* 
thing  which  Mr.  MtMn  hte  yiMtlStIk 
upon  it,  and  but  for  its  Idigfth  >l9% 
would  have  printed  the  enlii^  itedtfOki^ 
Odious  in  tJie  eyes  of  tbe  |»dpMaiMw 
"  from  its  abhorred  tise  aa'apraiMilttt 
state  offenders,"  and  utteily  uMMfe 
as  a  place  of  defence  eitfaiet  ll|j;ftiJMIt 
domestic  or  foreigti  foes,  tM,  nUnt^ 
dver,  a  fruitful  Iheme  for  '4hutdntX^ 
ment  by  every  dema|;ogii^,  tte  %r«' 
istence  of  the  Tower  in  tte  tteitttN 
polis  must  ever  be  TfegaHM  IA 
mischievous  rather  thKn  ^totiStitd': 
but  dear  out  the  storehoiwte  iM. 
modem  buildings,  revtore  tha  i%Aw 
parts,  let  ft  appear  fn  its  orilfiiial  ^IMe 
as  one  of  the  noblest  «xam|AM  ^ 
ancient  fortification  in  the  "iteA,  A  It 
with  armdur  and  H^rarlike  amAettUMai^ 
and  finely  open  the  co11ectiotA'aMA%lft 
building  ITke  Hafmptbn  €etart  \6  Wb 
public,  and  we  vefuture  to  preset  19lift 
a  more  interesting  and  iBiiWfctiVfc 
place  of  public  amusement  wMAd  Mt 
exist  in  th«  world.  Accordi|[f|^  tetilr. 
Maalen's  «vgecr»6o0a,  ''^N>  MdMMi 

Iflrger  tlnn  a  mee-po«Bidor  |Ao«ll1lli 


Id4». j  ItetlfeW.^^lAthbtiiry*!^  Iftifot^ !»/ 11^  €&memion.         M  t 


in  tliie  blt8tidn»,  and  tfa^e^  «bbnM  be 
bra8s«  iand  only  k^t  thete  f^  firing 
sHiItiteson  rejoicing.  'The  rUm^arts 
and  walls  shonld  be  6)pefa  and  free  to 
th^J)tibUc,  who  should  enjby  tb«  li^rty 
of  ptott^ehiadin^  entirely  ro^nd  the 
tbWer  thereon.  (Why  tare  they  »o^ 
deb&tt*ed  from  90  doing  ?)  Sentinels  in 
antient  dt^ss  or  arnionr>  artee'd  if^ith 
the  lineienl  speieu*,  shouM  alone  be  the 
guards  of  the  ramparts." — "  OurvJAe* 
i^ns  from  Chelsiea  wouM  cheerAilly 
perform  the  duty.*'  We  t¥n6t  the 
suggestions  !for  this  deslriable  impt<ove- 
ment  Will  receive  the  attention  of 
Patliament^  and  the  time  will  not  be 
far  distant  when  this  highly  in- 
teresting relit  of  feudal  tin^s  Will 
betome^  in  the  words  of  tour  author, 
^  ii  very  popular  and  favourable  res6rt 
of  the  citizens  of  London,  and  visiters, 
instead  of  being  an  object  of  jeStouSy, 
and  a  fort  that  seemed  held  only  to 
ovetawe  a  London  populace." 

AH^er  the  inetropolis>  Mr.  Matlen 
proceeds  to  the  improvement  of  seveml 
important  provincial  towns  (Biftning- 
ham  is  not  ainong  the  number).  His 
idea  of  making  York  a  second  tne- 
tropolis  with  an  uniVertity  is  pleasing, 
though  in  detail  somewhat  romantic-; 
but  we  like  not  his  proposal  for  ^Ate 
destmction  iX  the  city  Walts  on  the 
score  of  utility* 

Tlie  deplorable  <;onditilbn  of  Leeds 
is  such,  that  we  conld  wish  to  see  Mr. 
Micslen  appointed  with  di<ftatoria1 
power  to  rcttiove  the  filth  of  the  town, 
and  give  to  t%re  pent-up  inhabitaniB 
the  blesskifgs  of  light,  fre^h  air,  and 
oleanlmesB. 

Halifiax,  Manehcrst^,  Cotchester, 
and  Hull  are  the  other  towns  Selected 
by  the  author,  ailid  he  «learly  shews 
that  a  vast  field  fcfr  improvement 
exists  in  all  these  towns,  efven  -greati0r 
than  might  be  suggested  by  a  caftual 
consideration  of  the  subject. 

The  hints  for  the  eredfidn  of  new 
towns  HI  Australia  ivill  have  tAtferr 
value  in  the  eyes  of  s^tjiefs  ;  and  the 
series  of  observations  ^pon  ttie  te^ 
provement  of  private  dwelliDgwhcNiMs 
are  exceedingly  valuable.  T%ey 
have  this  advantage,  that  they  may 
be  easily  -carried  into  execoticfb.  The 
grander  plans  of  the  aathol'^  ftotit 
their  vMt»es^,  and  the  <ci^nse  1lv«y 
would  eiM^,  are  ittipMMjIicdble^  iMft 


8<&WefB,  %te  Within  the  compn«s  of  the 
nieans  of  every  bnilder.  We  admire 
the  grandeur  of  the  designs  for  the  im- 
proVenoent  tf  toWns,  While  We  are  hot 
afiinguine  enough  to  Kyok  fot*  their  ac*> 
cottiplishment ;  but  we  ^n  anticipate 
that  the  minor  bHinch  of  his  improve- 
ments, Whieh  relate  to  dome^c  com-^ 
forts,  may  be  carried  into  eil^ct,  and 
we  trust  the  autbot  Will  have  the  plea- 
sure of  Wttnesitoing  the  good  eJBed»  <>f 
his  publicatton  in  the  incte^ng  com- 
forts, of  the  dwellings  of  the  industri- 
ous classes;  and  we  teike  our  leave,  by 
expressing  our  earnest  hope,  that  he 
will  realise  his  anticipated  satisfaction, 
of  "  having  been  UseAil  to  his  fellow 
creatures  by  his  su^estion^." 

A  ffistory  of  the  Comcfifafion  qf  the 
Ch}urc7i  ofikgtandi  leing  ate  Account 
of  {he  proceeaings  of  Angticdn  JEcclc 
nastical  Councils  from  the  eariiegf 
period.  By  ihe  Refb,  TfaottM  Latli. 
bury,  M,A,  Fcp,  ^vo,  pfh,  xm, 
415. 

IT  is  rather  sui'prising  liiat  We  have 
no  earlier  Work  of  this  kind,  which 
brings  the  subject  Within  the  compa»s 
of  the  majority  of  readers,  and  at 
the  satne  time,  directs  the  minority  in 
th%tr  researdtes.  It  is  possible  that 
Mr.  Lathhnry  may  enlarge  in  fMure 
editions,  nor  do  We  think  we  are 
disparaging  his  Work  by  saying  so ; 
for  the  tabour  df  condeifsing  ttust 
have  been  almost  ns  grest  M  tliat 
of  coll0(?ting.  We  wonkl  gladly  %c^ 
it  elptoded,  and  iht  subject  occa»km«- 
aHy  ft^her  elueidated^  but.  In  «my 
case,  the  Itothor  has  ttafde  ^in  smK 
dition  <3if  no  small  Valike  to  1^  -ee^ 
clesitotfcal  de<partment  nK  orur  fihf%<- 
lies. 

We  are  sotty  that  the  "filrstpaftfi^lMr 
remark  Which  we  have  to  tnake  U 
not  one  <ctf  accordance.  Mr.  Lath* 
bury  states,  that  ''a  0<mvefntion  of 
the  "clergy  and  nobles  was  assembled 
by  Am^lius  Amfbrosius,  about  the 
ye«r  49 1>  at  the  erecition  of  Stone 
Henge,  in  ONMiory  Of  t^  nobility 
slain  by  Hengist  the  Sikxcn."  (p.  I'fi) 
Hie  naiiyes  a(  Spcflman  and  Hody« 
which  be  quotes  -Ks  ^ntliortties,  tferve  t6 
dignfify  this  theory,  bat  the  <9inestion 
idU  not  ttas  be  deteittrteMd.  Our 
Gtfnybewes  «»d  Deaift»  W«  very  hMcIl 
ftMs  >wiU  tvent  ike  imxatttifwa  npo<. 
4ttypM. 


REViBW.^Lathbury's  History  of  the  Convocation.  fNov. 

the  sacrament :  that  the  substance  of 
bread  and  wine  does  not  remain." 
(p.  156)  Unfortunately  for  this 
opinion,  St.  Paul  distinctly  speaks  of 
eating  the  bread,  and  repeats  the  ex- 
pression thrice  in  consecutive  sentences. 
(1  Cor.  xi.  26.28.)  This,  it  should 
be  remembered,  was  the  last  Romish 
convocation  in  England,  as  the  Eliza- 
bethan changes  took  place  immediately 
after. 

In  the  petition  presented  to  the 
convocation  of  1563,  one  request  was, 
"that  kneeling  at  the  sacrament  be 
left  to  the  discretion  of  the  ordinary." 
(p.  166.)  This  article,  if  it  had  been 
granted,  would  have  introduced  great 
confusion,  as  it  would  have  exposed 
every  ordinary  to  obloquy,  with  one 
party  or  other,  and  thus  have  done 
considerable  harm,  taking  that  view 
of  it  only. 

Among  the  valuable  dissertations 
which  Mr.  Lathbury  has  introduced, 
is  one  at  p.  175-179*  on  the  dbputed 
clause  in  the  twentieth  article,  which 
he  considers  genuine.  At  p.  180,  it  is 
mentioned,  that  by  the  canons  of 
1571,  Foxe's  Martyrology  "  was  au- 
thorized as  a  public  work  ....  It 
is  evident,  that  though  they  (the  con- 
vocation) might  not  feel  called  upon  to 
decide  upon  every  fact,  they  regarded 
it  as  a  true  history  of  the  church,  or 
they  would  not  have  sanctioned  it  by 
such  a  solemn  decision."  (p.  180) 
At  p.  187*  we  learn,  that  in  1585 
Bullinge'r's  Decades  was  enjoined  for 
clerical  study.  We  must  not  pass' 
over  the  remarks  on  the  admonition 
prefixed  to  the  second  book  of  Homilies, 
concerning  the  change  of  Leaaona. 
(p.  170 — 173.)  Mr.  Lathbury  says, 
that  the  practice  founded  on  that 
admonition  "is  altogether  inde*^ 
fensible :"  and  again,  that ''the  ad- 
monition is  of  no  authority,  and 
cannot  honestly  be  pleaded  by  any 
one."  (p.  391)  This  language  is  too 
strong ;  he  thinks  that  the  admonition 
refers  to  King  Edward's  Liturgies, 
where  there  were  no  proper  lessons 
for  Sundays,  and  the  terms  of  it  are 
rather  in  accordance  with  that  opinion. 
But  the  book  itself  was  published  in 
1563,  three  years  afler  the  publicatipn 
of  the  Elizabethan  Liturgy,  in  which 
proper  lessons  are  appointed.  Of 
course,  the  force  of  an  injunction  or 
a  permission  rests  on  the  time  of  it« 


502 


To  go  into  all  the  questions  which 
grow  out  of  the  subject  is  not  in  our 
power  consistently  with  our  limits. 
A  full  review  of  this  volume  would 
amount  to  another  volume.  The 
subject  embraces  not  merely  ecclesi- 
astical history,  in  the  common  sense 
of  the  term,  but  many  archaeological 
points,  which  incidentally  occur.  The 
following  passage,  however,  is  so  im- 
portant, as  not  only  to  warrant,  but 
even  to  demand  transcribing. 

*'A.D.  1342.  This  year  a  synod  of 
the  province  of  Canterbury  was  held  at 
London,  by  which  a  large  body  of  con- 
stitutions was  sanctioned.  Bythe/burMi 
lands  are  made  liable  for  the  repair  of 
churches.  It  is  clear,  therefore,  that  the 
present  possessors  of  lands  cannot  com- 
plain, inasmuch  as  they  neither  inherited 
nor  purchased  that  portion  which  goes  to 
the  church  in  the  shape  of  church-rates." 
(p.  93.) 

In  the  Constitutions  of  1360  (York), 
we  find  disputes  about  tithes,  the 
farmers  compelling  the  clergy  to  re- 
moves the  tenth  sheaves  by  incon- 
venient roads,  which,  with  other  mo- 
lestations, was  then  prohibited.  (p.|94.) 

In  the  convocation  of  1530,  the 
body  of  a  person  who  had  in  his  will 
committed  his  body  to  God,  through 
CAm^,  without  the  intercession  of  any 
saint,  was  ordered  to  be  disinterred 
and  burned,  (p.  108)  This  person, 
we  may  add,  was  William  Tracy,  esq. 
of  Toddington,  in  Gloucestershire,  a 
comment  upon  whose  will  is  to  be 
found  in  the  writings  of  Tyndall  the 
Martyr.  Strype's  account  (Annals, 
i.  p.  507)  diflfers  slightly  from  that  of 
Mr.  Lathbury.  It  appears  that  the 
burning  of  the  body  took  place  with- 
out a  writ  for  the  purpose,  on  which 
account,  Parker,  chancellor  of  Wor- 
cester, was  fined.  At  p.  125,  we 
learn,  that  by  statute  of  Henry  II. 
c.  i.  the  clergy  are  protected  from 
arrest  during  the  meeting  of  convoca- 
tion, like  the  members  of  parliament. 

It  is  not  quite  clear  at  p.  151, 
whether  the  word  some  relates  to 
books  or  persons. 

In  the  convocation  of  1 558,  which 
consisted  of  Marian  divines,  the 
articles  prepared  by  Harpsfield  "  were 
quite  in  agreement  with  the  doctrines 
of  Rome.  It  was  declared,  that,  afler 
the  words  of  consecration,  the  natural 
body  of  Christ  is   really  present  in 


1843'.] 


Review.*— Latbbury's  History  of  the  Convdcation,        503 


publication,  not  of  its  presumed  com- 
position. What  would  be  said  in  our 
courts  of  justice  to  the  plea  that  an 
act  of  parliament,  passed  in  any  reign, 
referred  only  to  things  that  occurred 
in  a  previous  one,  and  was  therefore 
null  and  void  ?  To  say  that  the  Act 
of  Uniformity  makes  the  case  clearer, 
(p.  171,)  is  irrelevant.  The  Homilies 
are  recognized  in  the  Articles  (which 
are  statute  laws  to  the  church)  as 
much  as  ever,  and  the  admonition, 
unless  formally  repealed,  is  still  part 
of  the  book.  The  admonition  obliges 
none;  it  is  only  suggestive,  and  there- 
fore such  as  do  not  wish  to  make  use 
of  it  should  leave  those  unmolested 
who  think  of  it  otherwise. 

At  p.  195,  Mr.  Lathbury,  observing 
that  the  canons  of  1634  direct  the 
Litany  to  be  read  (as  a  service  by  it- 
self) on  Wednesdays  and  Fridays, 
considers  that  such  a  course  is  not 
authorized  by  the  last  review  of  1661, 
which  appoints  it  to  be  said  after 
morning  prayer.  Whether  the  rubric 
means  that  morning  prayer  should 
always  precede  it,  may  admit  of  a 
doubt.  That  morning  prayer  should 
not  be  used  without  it,  is  plain.  The 
intention  of  the  canon  is  clear;  how 
far  that  intention  is  modified  is  a 
question  ;  but  the  practice  of  college 
chapels  seems  to  be  guided  by  thecanon. 

It  has  escaped  Mr.  Lathbury,  with 
respect  to  the  prayer  before  sermon, 
(p.  202,)  that  in  I66O  (the  bishops,)  in 
their  answers  to  the  objections  of  the 
Presbyterians,  (previous  to  the  Savoy 
Conference,)  said,  that  "  custom 
allowed  the  use  of  extempore  prayer 
before  the  sermon."  (See  Short's 
Church  History,  ii.  227,  par.  662.) 
I'his  is  a  remarkable  expression  of 
opinion,  and  amounts  to  an  overture 
to  the  Presbyterians  to  conform  on 
that  ground.  It  shews,  too,  that  as 
the  canonical  prayer  was  enjoined  in 
1G04,  and  this  statement  was  made  in 
1660,  the  lapse  of  a  generation  is  suf- 
ficient time  to  plead  for  the  existence 
of  a  custom  in  some  respects.  And 
this  is  the  more  remarkable,  as  the 
nature  of  custom  in  the  church  is  at 
this  moment  a  question  of  no  trifling 
interest. 

It  has  been  doubted  whether  the 
canons  of  1640  are  not  still  in  force. 
Walker,  in  his  Sufferings  of  the  Clergy, 
(p.  7,)  supposes  that  they  are ;  Dr. 


Short  considers  him  mistaken  ;  and 
Mr.  Lathbury  confirms  the  latter 
opinion,  by  the  words  of  the  13th  of 
Charles  II.  which  virtually  repeals 
them  by  name. 

At  p.  391,  the  question  of  candle- 
sticks remaining  on  the  high  altar  is 
discussed.  Mr.  Lathbury  considers, 
that  by  the  injunctions  of  Edward  VI. 
lighted  candles,  and  not  unlighted  oneB, 
are  permitted.  (See  Injunction  3.  in 
Fuller,  b.  vii.  s.  1.)  In  the  visitation 
articles  issued  in  the  second  or  third 
year  of  that  reign,  those  parts  which 
mention  candles  upon  the  altar,  are 
directed  to  be  omitted,  and  the  clergy 
are  to  avoid  "  setting  any  light  upon 
the  Lord's  board  at  any  time."  Mr. 
Lathbury  distinctly  says,  "  we  have 
no  altar  in  our  churches  .  .  «  •  the 
church  has  not  given  her  sanction  to 
its  adoption  in  any  sense.''  Hence 
he  argues,  that,  along  with  the  altars, 
the  lights  have  been  removed  also. 
Nor  are  these  the  opinions  of  a  low^ 
churchman,  to  use  a  phrase  which, 
however  intelligible,  is  disagreeable 
as  a  party  term.  We  may  add,  that 
the  canons  which  enjoin  the  several 
articles  of  service  to  be  provided  by 
the  church- wardens  say  nothing  about 
candlesticks,  which  is  strong  evidence 
of  their  being  obsolete,  or  at  least 
disused,  in  1604. 

The  variety  of  points  on  which  we 
have  touched  will  serve  to  shew  how 
much  further  this  notice  might  have 
been  extended  if  we  had  not  thought 
fit  to  refrain.  It  cannot  be  expected 
that  we  should  profess  to  agree  with 
Mr.  Lathbury  upon  every  point ;  but 
a  mass  of  information  may  be  gained 
from  his  book.  We  should  indeed 
have  preferred  it  in  a  larger  octavo 
size,  to  match  with  other  volumes, 
but  that  is  a  subordinate  matter.  An 
index  would  have  increased  the  value 
of  the  book,  particularly  as  all  points 
discussed  do  not  occur  at  the  place 
where  they  would  first  be  looked  for, 
but  their  consideration  is  directed  by 
circumstances. 


I .  Register  of  Parliameniary  Contested 
Elections;  containing  the  result  of 
upwards  of  4000  Elections  ;  the  num- 
bers Registeredand  Polled,  andinmang 
instances  the  Plumpers  and  Split 
Votes;  the  Colours  used  by  the  Can- 
didates ;  the  contested  Elections  for 


504 


RiTiSW.— Smith's  Parttamtnta  o/Engkni. 


ENeT. 


Speaker  $ince  1694 ;  ihe  Oaim  a$^ 
Losses  of  each  party  since  the  General 
Election  of  183T;  and  a  Complete 
List  of  the  present  House  of  Qom- 
mons.  Second  Edition,  greatly  en- 
larged, containing  the  Uncontested 
Elections  since  1830.  By  H.  S. 
Smith,  1  vol.  121110.  5s, 
9.  The  Parliaments  of  England  from 
1714  to  the  present  tim.  By  the 
same  Compiler,  Nos.  I — IIL  Bed- 
fordshire, Berkshire,  Bucks,  Cam- 
bridgeshire, Cheshire,  and  Cornwall. 
Itmo.     6d,  each. 

MR.  SMITH  began  the  first  of  these 
two  publications  about  three  years 
a^,  with  the  design  of  confining 
his  attention  to  contested  Parlia- 
mentary Elections ;  but  the  success 
which  has  subsequently  attended  his 
labours  in  that  case,  and  perhaps  that 
love  of  the  subject  which  such  labours 
usually  engender,  has  induced  him 
to  apply  himself  to  the  more  compre- 
hensive work  which  forms  the  second 
publication.  The  general  features  of 
detail  indicated  above  are  common  to 
both  works ;  and  the  following  state- 
ment of  an  election  for  the  city  of 
Bedford  may  serve  as  a  specimen  t— 

1841.  Capt.  Fred.  Polhill  T  .  430 

Henry  Stuart      .    T  *5  421 

W.  H.  Whitiread  W  .    •349  413 

SPLIT   TOTES. 

Polhill  and  Stuart        .  393 

Polhill  and  Wbitbread  37 

Stuart  and  Whitbread  .  32 
873  reg.     809  voted. 

COLOVRS. 

Tory — Purple  and  Crimson. 
Whig — Orange  and  Blue. 

Mr.  Smith  had  already  made  some 
progress  in  the  collection  of  materials 
for  his  new  work,  before  he  discovered 
the  existence  of  an  old  work  of  simi- 
lar design,  by  Mr.  Browne  Willis ; 
and  it  is  a  singular  coincidence  that 
this  work  ends  just  where  Mr.  Smith's 
begins,  namely,  in  1714,  the  first  Par- 
liament of  George  the  First.  Id  re- 
ference to  the  labour  of  such  an  un- 
dertaking, Mr.  Willis,  in  his  preface, 
speaks  thus : 

''  It  is  not  easy  to  conceive  the  vast  ex- 
penses, pains,  and  trouble  attending 
searches  of  this  nature  ;  and  I  wish  I 
could  as  well  continue  to  support  that 
expense  as  I  have  been  hitherto  free  in 
giving  my  time  and  iabpur  to  the  public. 
7 


But,  as  I  am  now  ao  longw  ahls  to  m 
through  thesa  chargest  I  a^  on^  Inn- 
mate,  that,  if  this  collection  meets  with 
encouragement,  and  is  attended  with  any 
emolument  answerable  to  mv  past  labours, 
I  shall  be  tempted  (notwittuitanding  my 
decline  of  life,  loaded  with  incumbrances 
of  many  kinds),  and  become  ambitious  to 
reassume  my  first  undertaking  with  zaal 
and  cheerftdness.  And  were  these  diil- 
ficttlties  removed,  if  I  should  live  to 
finish  the  whole  of  this  work,  |  ahsllMaTe 
the  satlsfaetion  of  having;  oanie^  U  on,  and 
leaving  materials  for  a  persoA  ^ercHJijtteri 
better  qualified  to  coxnplete  it.  ai\4  offer 
it  to  the  world  in  its  dne  perfectjbon^" 

This  work  was  origiiMnU^r  publi|tui4 
in  17\6,  at  25s.  but  has  beeom^  aa  nure 
that  it  is  now  marked  in  Ci^t^loguM  fit 
six  guineas. 

Researches  of  this  xu^turcj  w^ich 
cost  **  pains  and  trouble "  ^  ^ii^nvy 
ago,  we  may  be  assured  coat  no  )i^ 
now  ]  for,  if  references  have  bfMBonie 
so  ffur  more  abundant  i^  tQ  emtnpe 
greater    completeness  and    accorii^, 
yet  the  labour  of  finding  them  oat  has 
increased  just  in  proportion.    Qf  {d[r. 
Smith's  persevering  zeal  in  the  MKUtft- 
cution  of  inquiry  after  imthenq«  in- 
formation  we  are  enabled  to  ppei^ 
from  experiences  aud  we  knonf  t)\^t 
his  correspondence  wi^i  MeiAtkera  of 
Parliament,  official  peraopp^  and  public 
institutions  has  been  yery  e3(t^i)|iT9. 
As  to  the  utility  of  auch  rea^^^ea, 
no  publisher  of  a  newspaper,  or  o^ber 
record  of  passing  eventa,*-r-np  inemher 
of  a  reading-room,  or  of  any  politieal 
club,  can  entertain  a  doqb^ ;  tfie  work 
will  form  a  permanent  deDO^tanr  of 
collected  information,  whicn,  witAOUt 
such  means  of   refereuce,   inight  be 
sought  for   scattered   'm    a    hundred 
various  directions.  Indeed,  in  a  country 
like  ours,    where  politics    form   ti^e 
standing  dish  of  interest  in  ev^iry-clay 
conversation,  aud  where  parUaiq;entary 
elections  form  the  one  poatter  of  aU- 
absorbing  interest,   as   often  as  tbey 
occur,  it  is  hardly  too  much  to  eixpe^t 
that  a  work  of  this  kind  would  re<^m- 
mend  itself  to  every  individqalt  whe- 
ther voter  or  candidate,  past,  presept, 
or  expectant.    The  very  flactuatiQas 
which  have  occurred  ii^  political  party 
opinion,  as  indicated  by  the  succeaaipn 
of  returns  given  in  the  present  work, 
are  matters  of  curiosity  m  themselves. 
Take  Abingdon,  for  instance,  in  the 
first  No.  before  m  of  tbe  P^rlimnenis 


1843.] 


Review. — Promplorium  Parvulorum, 


503 


of  England: — In  six  contests^  between 
1747  and  1806,  Tories  were  returned 
in  opposition  to  Whigs  ;  in  three  con- 
tests, between  1807  and  1830,  Whigs 
were  returned  in  opposition  to  Tories, 
and  the  Whig  Member  was  re-elected 
without  opposition  in  1831  ;  yet,  in 
the  only  contest  which  has  taken  place 
since,  for  the  first  Reformed  Parlia- 
ment of  1832,  a  Tory  candidate  suc- 
ceeded against  two  Whigs,  and  has 
been  returned  without  opposition  in 
the  three  subsequent  elections.  All 
these  changes  are  distinctly  marked 
down  in  the  record  before  us,  and  the 
inhabitant  of  any  place  three  hundred 
miles  from  Abingdon  might  feel  an 
interest  in  observing  their  progress ; 
but,  in  the  lapse  of  a  few  years,  how 
many  inhabitants  of  Abingdon  itself, 
without  such  a  refresher  to  the  me- 
mory, would  have  been  able  to  give 
any  account  of  them  ? 

It  is  the  more  necessary  to  distin- 
guish the  two  works  at  the  head  of 
this  notice,  because  we  understand 
that  a  portion  of  the  first  edition  of 
the  Register  of  Contested  Elections  has 
passed  from  under  the  control  of  the 
compiler,  or  of  his  present  publishers, 
and  might  be  taken  instead  of  either 
the  second  edition  of  that  work,  or  of 
the  more  extended  work,  the  Parlia- 
ments of  England, 


Promptorium  Parvulorum,  sive  Cleri- 
coram ;  Lexicon  Anglo-  Latinum  Prin- 
ceps.  Edited  for  the  Camden  Society, 
by  Albert  Way,  Esq,  Director  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries, 

THERE  are  probably  few  readers 
to  whom  the  title  of  the  present  volume, 
in  the  unexplained  form  under  which 
it  will  be  generally  quoted,  will  be 
intelligible,  since  it  savours  of  a  base 
latinity  which  will  be  hermetically 
sealed  to  the  classical  student.  If  the 
antiquary  searches  his  Du  Cange  or 
Hoffman,  or  anv  other  of  those  lexico- 
graphic  counsellors  to  whom  he  is 
habituated  to  refer  in  cases  of  difficulty^ 
they  will  furnish  him  with  little  in- 
sight on  the  point.  Had  the  author 
of  this  work  called  it  a  Promptnarium, 
the  nature  of  its  contents  might  have 
been  at  once  apparent.     It  means  how- 

*  Plumpers. 
Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


ever  the  same  thing,  being  &  store- 
house or  depository  of  the  English 
and  Latin  language,  originally  com- 
piled for  the  sake  of  teaching  little 
ones  the  latter,  but  at  the  present  day 
more  useful  in  explaining  to  them 
their  mother  tongue. 

Very  little  is  known  of  the  personal 
history  of  its  author.  That  he  was 
one  of  the  Friars  preachers  of  King's 
Lynn,  and  composed  his  dictionary 
about  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth 
century  ;  that  he  apologises  for  using 
the  Norfolk  dialect,  and  that  he  made 
use  of  the  labours  of  John  de  Janua, 
John  de  Garlondia,  Alexander  Nec- 
cham,  and  a  few  other  less  celebrated 
vocabularies,  comprises  all  that  has 
hitherto  been  learnt  respecting  him. 
His  book  was  undoubtedly  held  in 
high  repute  in  his  own  time,  as  may 
be  inferred  from  the  existence  of  four 
manuscripts  still  remaining,  and  from 
no  less  than  six  editions  having  passed 
through  the  respective  presses  of 
Pynson,  Julian  Notary,  and  Wynkyn 
de  Worde.  The  groundwork  of  the 
present  edition  is  the  Harleian  Manu- 
script 221,  which  is  certainly  the  ful- 
lest and  most  correct  of  any  that  exists. 
This  the  editor  has  most  carefully 
collated  with  the  other  three,  giving 
the  various  readings  and  elucidations 
to  the  text  which  these  respective 
copies  furnish.  The  laborious  duty 
Mr.  Way  has  undertaken  can  only  be 
properly  appreciated  by  those  who 
have  been  engaged  in  similar  tasks. 
But  in  what  an  admirable  manner  he 
has  executed  his  arduous  and  compli- 
cated toil  the  most  desultory  will 
perceive  by  glancing  at  any  single  page. 
We  give  two  or  three  extracts  merely^ 
as  a  specimen  of  the  style  of  illustra- 
tion, informing  our  readers  that  the 
same  description  of  comment  runs 
throughout  the  work. 

"  CoKNAT  (cokeney,  k.)  Carifotus, 
cucunellus,  fotus^  c.  f.  delictus,  et  sunt 
nomina  derisorie  ficta,  et  inventa  (tott/i- 
cius,  carenutus,  coconellus,  k.  luchnetlus, 
p.) — 'A  coknay,  ambro,  mammotHtpkm,' 
delictus.  Versus,  Delictus  qui  deliciis  a 
matre  nutriiur.^  oath.  ang.  The  term 
coknay  appears  in  the  Promptorium  to 
imply  simply  a  child  spoiled  by  too  mach 
inoulgence  ;  thus  likewise  in  the  Medulla, 
'  Mammotrophus,  qui  diu  sugit,  Mamrno^ 
trophus  mammam  longo  qui  tempore  sertfat, 
Kokenay  dicatur,  noster  sic  sermo  nota* 

3  T  


1. 


506 


Rbtiew< — Prom^orhitn  Parvulortmt. 


[Nov. 


turJ*  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the 
word  is  to  be  traced  to  the  imaginary 
region  '  ihote  Cokaygne,*  described  in  the 
curious  poem  given  by  Hickes,  Gramm. 
A.  Sax.  p.  231 1  and  apparently  translated 
from  the  French.  Compare  '  le.  Fabliaua 
de  Coquaigne*  Fabl.  Barbazan  et  M^on. 
iv.  175.  Palsgrave  gives  the  verb  *  To 
bring  up  lyke  a  cocknaye,  mignotter:^ 
and  Elyot  renders  *deliciaa  facere,  to 
play  the  cockney.'  '  Dodetiner,  to  bring 
vp  wantonly,  as  a  cockney.'  Hollyband's 
Treasurie.  See  also  Baret^s  Aivearie. 
Chaucer  uses  the  word  as  a  term  of  con- 
tempt, and  it  occasionally  signifies  a  little 
cook,  coquifiator.  See  farther  in  Douce*8 
Illustrations,  King  Lear;  and  Brand's 
Popular  Antiquities,  Notes  on  Shrove 
Tuesday.** 

**  Grawnoe,  or  gronge.  Grangta.-^ 
The  primary  meaning  of  the  word  grangia, 
in  French  grange^  or  granee,  seems  to 
have  been  a  repository  for  grain,  or,  ac- 
cording to  Ducange,  a  threshing  floor ; 
and  thence  it  implied  the  farming  esta- 
blishment generally,  with  its  various 
buildings  and  appliances,  as  it  is  accu- 
rately defined  by  Lyndwood,  in  his  anno- 
tations on  the  Oonstit.  of  Abp.  Mepham, 
Provinc.  lib.  ii.  tit.  i.  Spelman  cites  a 
MS.  in  which  the  name  Thomas  Atelal>e, 
that  ia,  at  the  lathe,  or  barn,  is  said  to  be 
in  French,  Thomas  de  la  Graunge,  The 
term  has  even  the  more  extended  sense  of 
a  hamlet ;  that  is,  probably,  the  assem- 
blage of  dwellings  occupied  by  the  depen- 
dants of  the  farm,  which,  doubtless, 
forming  a  nucleus,  gave  rise  to  the  greater 
number  of  villages  in  ancient  times. 
Palsgrave  gives  '  graunge,  or  a  lytell 
thorpe,  hameau,  Gr&unget  petit  village,* 
Huloet  makes  the  following  distinctions  : 
'  Graunge,  or  manour  place  without  the 
walls  of  a  citie,  auburbanum.  Graunge, 
or  little  thorpe,  viculua.  Graunge,  where 
husbandry  is  exercised,  colonia.*  ** 

**  Hastlere,  l>at  rostythe  mete  (or 
roostare,  itifra,)  Assator^  assarius^  kylw. 
aaaaria,  aasatrix, — ^The  enumeration  of  the 
Household  of  Henry  II.  in  the  Constit. 
domus  Regis,  Liber  niger  Scacc.  Hearne, 
i.  348,  comprises  *  De  magnd  coquind — 
host*  {psiiarius?)  hastelarioBf*  his  three 
men,  and  the  '  hastalarius.*  The  latter 
seems  to  be  the  same  as  the  '  hastatoVf* 
named  in  the  ordinance  for  the  household 
of  Louis  XI.  1261,  called  in  French  has- 
teur.  See  Ducange.  Humphrey  de  Bohun, 
Earl  of  Essex,  among  the  household  ser- 
vants named  in  his  will,  1361,  as  '  potager, 
ferour,  barber,  ewer,*  &c.  mentions  *  Will, 
de  Barton,  hastiler.'  Royal  Wills,  p.  52. 
In  the  Liber  cure  cocoruntf  the  author 
thus  states  the  intention  of  his  treatise. 


*  Fyrst  to  jou  I  wylle  scbawe 
l>o  poyntes  of  cure  al  by  r&we ; 
Of  potage,  hastery,  and  bakun  mete. 
And  petecure  I  nylle  for^ete.* 

Sloane  MS.  1986,  f.  47. 

The  chapter  *  de  cibis  assatiSf  of  rostyd 
mete,*  comprises  a  singular  dish,  termed 
'  hasteletes  on  fysshe  day,*  consisting  of 
figs,  raisins,  dates,  and  almonds,  transfixed 
on  a  '  broche  of  ime,*  and  roasted;  f.  86,  b. 
Compart  Forme  of  Cury,  p.  8.  Among  the 
domestic  officers  of  the  Earl  of  Northum- 
berland, 1511,  was  a  '  yoman  cooke  for 
the  mouth,  who  doith  hourely  attend  in 
the  kitching  at  the  haistry  for  roisting  of 
meat.*  Ant.  Rep.  iv.  244.  Bp.  Percy- 
states  that  in  Shropshire  the  fireplace  is 
called  haister ;  and,  according  to  Mr. 
Hartshome,  an  hastener,  or  hasteler,  is  a 
kind  of  screen  lined  with  tin,  uaed  for  re* 
fleeting  the  heat  in  roasting.  See  Salopia 
Ant.  The  derivation  is  evidently  from 
hasta.  *  Haste,  a  spit  or  broach.*  goto. 
Compare  roostare,  or  hastelere,  here- 
after.'* 

To  illustrate  an  obscure  author  is  at 
all  times  a  work  of  difiSculty,  but  to 
annotate  upon  and  explain  a  mediaeval 
glossary,  v^hilst  it  involves  the  utmost 
care,  calls  forth  also  every  variety  of 
useful  reading  and  recondite  research. 
The  nature  of  the  Promptorium  is  in 
itself  so  multifarious,  so  many  subjects 
are  handled  connected  with  art,  archi- 
tecture, costume,  domestic  life,  ec- 
clesiology,  &c. — and  we  may  go  on 
enumerating  others  in  alphabetical 
order,  till  scarcely  a  single  head  is 
omitted,  that,  were  we  to  attempt  an 
analysis  of  what  the  work  treats  of» 
we  should  sooner  do  so  by  stating 
what  it  does  not.  We  can  therefore 
only  refer  our  readers  to  its-pages ;  and, 
differently  from  the  common  practice^ 
we  should  direct  their  attention  to  the 
notes  rather  than  the  text.  The  latter 
is  only  intelligible  through  the  mediom 
of  a  barbarous  latinity,  but  the  former 
will  richly  reward  them  by  such  a 
varied  mass  of  (earning,  of  general 
information,  curious  knowledge,  and 
amusement,  that  we  have  seldom, 
in  fact  never,  seen  the  like  brought 
together  before.  If  the  editor  complete 
his  undertaking  in  the  same  ardent 
spirit  with  which  he  has  given  the 
first  half  to  the  worid,«-and  from  the 
present  example  we  have  most  abun- 
dant assurance  to  think  he  will,  health 
permitti  ng, — he  will  do  m  uch  to  increase 
the  reputation  of  the  Society  to  which 


1843.J 


Review. — Holland's  Psalmists  of  Britain, 


507 


he  has  devoted  his  toil,  and  entail  a 
great  benefit  upon  the  cause  of  anti- 
quarian learning  and  English  lite- 
rature. 


The  Paalmitis  of  Britain,    8fc,      By 
John  Holland,  2  vols. 

THIS  collection  contains  specimens 
of  upwards  of  one  hundred  and  fifty 
authors  who  have  translated  either 
the  whole  or  part  of  the  Book  of 
Psalms  into  English  verse :  together 
with  short  biographical  notices  of 
them.  It  has  been  compiled  with 
great  diligence  and  investigation  ;  and 
the  names  of  some  authors  have  been 
brought  to  light  which  were  previ- 
ously, we  should  think,  unknown  even 
to  those  who  were  familiarly  ac- 
quainted with  our  old  poetry.  The 
greater  portion,  as  might  be  supposed, 
is  taken  from  printed  volumes;  but 
some  names,  the  very  first  for  instance, 
have  been  brought  from  manuscript 
collections.  The  notices  of  the  au- 
thors are  on  the  whole  satisfactory 
and  sufficient ;  and  the  labours  of  Mr. 
Holland  may  be  considered  suppler 
mentary  to  those  of  Ellis  and  Southey, 
which  will  scarcely  be  reckoned  com- 
plete without  them.  The  author  who 
occurs  first  in  the  list  is  Thomas 
Brampton,  date  1414,  who  gave  a 
version  of  the  Seven  Penitential 
Psalms,  which  is  found  in  the  Cotto- 
nian  Collection,  Brit.  Mus.  (Sloan. 
No.  1853,  4  D.)  The  MS.  is  said  to 
be  very  beautifully  written,  and  the 
translation  was  made  at  the  time  when 
the  Anglo- Saxon  features  were  strongly 
marked  in  the  countenance  of  its  off- 
spring— the  modern  English. 

There  is  a  wonderful  equality  of  me- 
rit in  the  different  attempts,  and  very 
•few  can  be  called  successful.  Wealways 
preferred  the  version  of  George  Sandys 
to  any  other,  and  now,  having  read  the 
whole  in  the  present  volume,  we  still 
adhere  to  our  old  opinion ;  though 
some  parts  by  Milton  are  of  a  "  higher 
mood."  As  this  book  is  not  much 
known,  we  will  add  a  specimen  from 
it,  mentioning  that  it  has  commenda- 
tory verses  by  Lord  Falkland,  Dr. 
Henry  King,  G.  Sidney  Godolphin^ 
T.  Carew,  WaUer,  &c.  The  dedica- 
tion runs  thus. 

*'  To  the  best  of  Men,  and  most  ex- 
cellent of  Princes,  Charles  by  the  grace  of 
God,  King  of  Gr^t  Britain,  France  and 


Ireland ;  Lord  of  the  four  seas  ;  of  Virgi- 
nia, the  vast  territories  adjoining,  and 
dispersed  islands  of  the  Western  Ocean  ; 
the  zealous  defendor  of  the  Christian  faith ; 
George  Sandys,  the  humblest  of  his  ser- 
vants, presents  and  consecrates  these  his 
Paraphrases  upon  the  Divine  Poems,  to 
receive  their  life  and  estimation  from  his 
favour. 

The  Muse,  who  from  your  influence  took 
her  birth,  [earth, 

First  wandred  thro*    the   many-peopled 

*  »  *  *      . 

Fetched  from  Engaddi  spice,  from  Jury 

balme,  [&c. 

And  bound  her  brows  with  Idumean  palm." 

We  will  now  give  as  a  specimen  the 
60th  Psalm. 

Cast  off  and  scattered  in  thine  ire, 
Lord,  on  our  woes  with  pity  look  I 
The  land's  inforced  foundations  shook| 

Whose  yawning  ruptures  sighs  expire ; 
Oh  !  cure  the  breaches  thou  has  rent, 
And  make  her  firmely  permanent. 

Our  soules  thou  hast  with  sorrow  fed. 
And  mad'st  us  drink  of  deadly  wine ; 
Yet  now  thy  ensigns  giv'est  to  thine. 

Even  when  bent  with  trembling  dread. 
That  we  thy  banner  may  display, 
Whilst  truth  to  conquest  makes  our  way. 

Oh  !  heare  us,  who  thy  aide  implore! 
Lord  1  with  thy  own  right  hand  defendj 
To  thy  beloved  succour  send ; 

God  by  his  sanctity  thus  swore, 
I  Succoth*s  valley  will  divide. 
In  Shechem's  spoils  be  magnified* 

Mine  Gilead  is,  Manasseh  mine ; 

Ephraim  my  strength,  in  battell  bold ; 

Thou,  Judah,  shalt  my  sceptre  hold ; 
I  will  triumph  on  Palestine  ; 

Base  servitude  shall  Moab  waste. 

O'er  Edom  I  my  shoe  will  cast. 

Who  will  our  forward  troops  direct 
To  Kabbah,  strongly  fortified ;  > 
Or  into  sandy  Edom  guide  ? 

Lord,  wilt  not  thou,  that  did'st  reject. 
Nor  would'st  before  our  armies  goe, 
Now  leade  our  host  against  the  foe  i 

O  then  when  dangers  most  affright. 
Do  thou  our  troubled  soules  sustain. 
For  loe  I  the  helpe  of  man  is  vaine ; 

Through  thee  we  valiantly  shall  fight. 
Our  flying  foes  thou  shalt  tread  downe. 
And  thine  with  wreaths  of  conquest 
crowne. 

Of  this  version,  Walter  Harte  says, 
(v.  Poems,  The  Ascetic,)  "  The  gran- 
deur of  scriptural  sublimity  or  simpli- 
city  admits  of  few  or  no  embellish- 
ments; G.  Sandys,  in  the  reign  of 
Charles   the    First,    seems    only   to 


508 


•Ueview.— Davis's  Municipal  Records  of  York, 


[Nov. 


have  known  this  secret."  See  also 
Brydges' Restituta,  vol.  iii.  p.  81,  188. 
Of  one  author  a  curious  account  is 
given,  (v.  vol.  ii.  172,)  Simon  Brown, 
a  Dissenter,  born  at  Shepton  Mallet 
about  1660,  minister  at  Portsmouth, 
and  afterwards  at  Old  Jewry  Meeting, 
London,  where  he  exercised  his  func- 
tions for  seven  years,  with  great  re- 
putation. In  1723  he  was  afflicted  by 
the  death  of  his  wife  and  his 
son,  and  fell  into  melancholy.  He 
never  joined  in  any  act  of  worship 
public  or  private ;  he  imagined  "  that 
God,  by  a  singular  instance  of  divine 
power,  had  in  a  gradual  manner  anni- 
hilated in  him  the  thinking  substance,  and 
utterly  divested  him  of  consciousness  ; 
and,  though  he  retained  the  human 
shape  and  the  faculty  of  speaking  in  a 
knanner  that  appeared  to  others  ra- 
tional, he  had  all  the  while  no  more 
notion  of  what  he  said  than  a  parrot ; 
he  looked  on  himself  as  no  longer  a 
moral  agent,  a  subject  of  reward  or 
punishment."  He  continued  so  till  his 
death,  in  1732.  In  one  of  his  latest 
works,  on  the  subject  of  Natural  and 
Revealed  Religion,  he  prefixed  a  very 
singular  dedication  to  Queen  Caro- 
line, in  which  he  gravely  states, 
**'  That  he  was  once  a  man,  and  of 
some  little  name,  but  no  worth,  as  his 
present  unparalleled  case  makes  but 
too  manifest :  for,  by  the  immediate 
hand  of  an  avenging  God,  his  very 
thinking  substance  has  for  more  than 
seven  years  been  continually  wasting 
away,  till  it  is  wholly  perished  out  of 
him."  His  friends  suppressed  this  de- 
dication, but  it  was  preserved,  and  af- 
terwards published  in  the  Adventurer, 
No.  88.. 


Extracts  from  the  Municipal  Records 
of  the   City  of    York,    during   the 
Reigns  of  Edward  IF,  Edward  V, 
and  Richard  III.     By  Robert  Da- 
vies,  F.  5.-4.    8vo.pp»  viii.  304. 
IT   is  remarkable  how  small   and 
partial  have  been  the  contributions  af- 
forded to  historical  investigations  by 
the  archives    of  our  ancient    cities. 
Whilst  our  ancestors  were  exceedingly 
.  fond  of  chronicling  the  events  of  their 
time,  and  many  private  books  were 
compiled  with  that  object,  it  may  be 
presumed    that  the    official  registers 
were  not  less  precise  and  circumstan- 
stii^l ;  they  would  naturally  be  more 


authentic;  and  the  money  accounts; 
and  other  incidental  records,  would 
also  necessarily  be  stored  with  infor- 
mation. From  some  cause  or  other, 
but  few  of  these  have  seen  the  light. 
Whilst  we  believe  this  is  partly  owing 
to  the  jealousy  of  their  guardians,  ac- 
tuated by  groundless  fears  of  impro- 
per disclosures,  or  the  prejudices  of 
party  spirit ;  whilst  it  may  partly  have 
arisen  from  an  ignorance  of  what  ac- 
tually existed  in  municipal  archives, 
or  from  the  deficiency  of  persons  will- 
ing or  competent  to  make  the  investi- 
gation, we  believe  that  in  fact  such 
records  are  in  themselves  rare,  at  least 
mounting  to  any  considerable  anti- 
quity. The  accidents  of  time,  of  fire, 
and  of  damp,  and  of  insufficient  places 
of  deposit,  not  to  calculate  those  of 
civil  war  or  violent  political  disturb- 
ances, have  combined  to  destroy  and 
obliterate  much  that  the  historian  and 
antiquary  would  gladly  have  perused, 
to  verify  the  uncertain  and  partial 
statements  of  contemporary  writers, 
and  to  judge  the  grand  actors  of  the 
past  out  of  their  mouths  and  deeds. 

It  was  only  last  month,  however, 
that  we  had  occasion  to  remark  that 
the  records  of  the  city  of  Salisbury 
had  been  found  to  be  unusually  pro- 
ductive in  documents  illustrative  of 
some  of  the  darkest  periods  of  oar 
medieval  history ;  and  we  have  now 
the  pleasure  to  find  that  similar  re- 
searches in  the  ancient  metropolis  Of 
the  north  of  England  have  met  with 
the  like  success.  It  is  true  tiiat  the 
information  afforded  from  this  source 
has  not  been  wholly  unknown,  for 
Dr.  Drake  in  tlie  last  century  pub- 
lished extracts  from  them  in  his  labo- 
rious though  not  very  accurate  History 
of  York  ;  and  the  use  which  has  been 
made  of  those  extracts  by  our  subse- 
quent national  historians,  at  once 
shows  their  importance  amid  the  ge- 
neral scarcity  of  materials,  and  the 
value  of  the  more  complete  view  of 
their  contents  afforded  by  the  present 
publication. 

'*  The  extracts  which  form  the  text 
of  the  volume  have  been  taken  from 
the  accounts  of  the  city  chamberlains  in 
the  2nd,  15th,  and  18th  years  of  Edward 
IV.  (which  are  the  only  compotoses  of 
that  reign  now  remaining  among  the  city 
muniments) I  and  the  books  coatainidg 
the  minutes  of  the  city  council  from  the 


1843.]         Review. — Davis's  Municipal  JRecord»  of  York, 


509 


20th  year  of  Edward  IV.  when  the  exist- 
ing series  commences,  to  the  close  of  the 
reign  of  Richard  III.  From  these  records 
the  £ditor  has 'selected  such  portions  as 
he  thought  were  hest  calculated  either  to 
throw  light  upon  the  condition  of  the 
city,  and  the  manners,  customs,  language, 
and  domestic  habits  and  circumstances  of 
its  inhabitants,  during  the  period  to  which 
they  relate,  or  to  assist  in  the  elucidation 
of  historical  events  which  occurred  at  an 
era  in  our  national  annals  remarkable  for 
the  uncertainty  and  obscurity  in  which  it 
is  involved.'* 

The  accuracy  and  intelligence  with 
which  the  Editor  has  arranged  and 
illustrated  these  documents  cannot  be 
too  highly  praised.  He  has  consulted 
wj^atever  has  previously  appeared  rela- 
tive to  the  same  period,  and  has  brought 
together,  both  from  published  and  un- 
published sources,  many  incidental 
noticed  of  the  leading  men  and  events, 
which  throw  a  collected  and  accumu- 
lated light  at  once  upon  his  own  text 
and  the  general  history  of  the  times. 
This  remark  particularly  applies  to 
Richard  of  York,^  Duke  of  Gloucester, 
and  afterwards  King  Richard  the 
Third,  who  was  President  of  the 
North  during  the  reign  of  his  brother, 
and  always  cultivated  the  good  graces 
of  the  citizens  of  York.  Mr.  Davies 
shows  that  Richard's  connection  with 
the  county  commenced  when  in  his 
nineteenth  year,  on  his  obtaining  a 
grant  of  the  castles  and  manors  of 
Middleham  and  Sheriff  Hutton,  after 
the  Earl  of  Warwick  had  been  slain 
in  the  battle  of  Barnet  in  1471*  He 
afterwards  acquired,  at  various  times, 
the  castles  of  Scarborough,  Skipton, 
Richmond,  and  Helmsley.  Middleham 
was  selected  for  his  favourite  residence, 
or,  as  he  emphatically  termed  it,  his 
home.  There  his  only  son  was  born, 
in  1473,  and  lived  for  nearly  the  whole 
of  his  life.  When  Richard  came  to 
the  throne,  the  York  corporation  rode 
to  Middleham 

**  with  a  present  to  my  lord  the  Prince, 
that  is  to  say,  with  .  .  .  penyworth  of 
payn  mayn,  ij  barrell  ferres  of  wyn,  one 
rede,  anodir  white,  vj  signetes,  vj  heron- 
sewys,  and  ij  dusen  rabettes."  (p.  158.) 

The  King  visited  York  shortly  after, 
and  gave  audience  to  the  citizens^n 
the  chapter-hoQse  of  the  cathedral 
church,  where,  having  graciously  re- 
membered, and    "opynly  reherscd," 


the  various  good  services  they  had 
rendered  him,  as  "  furst  in  the  yorney 
made  to  Dunffreys,  and  seth  then  in 
the  yorney  made  the  same  yere  to 
Edynburgh,  and  in  the  yorney  late 
made  to  London  to  the  coronacion  of 
his  good  grace,"  he  voluntarily  granted 
them  several  remittances  of  toll,  and 
immunities,  in  relief  of  "the  dekey 
and  the  grete  poverty  of  the  said  cite." 

This  work,  therefore,  will  contribute 
materially  to  fix  with  exactitude  the 
occurrences  in  the  personal  history  of 
Richard  III.  and  to  fix  the  "  historic 
doubts,"  if  such  still  exist,  as  to  his 
character.* 

In  an  Appendix  Mr.  Davies  has  ar- 
ranged an  historical  memoir  upon  the 
celebration  of  the  Festival  of  Corpus 
Christi  at  York  during  the  fourteenth, 
fifteenth,  and  sixteenth,  centuries ;  at 
which  city  the  religious  pageantry  was 
in  its  day  as  famous,  and  as  much 
frequented,  as  that  of  Chester  or  Co- 
ventry, or  any  other  celebrated  scene 
of  the  performance  of  dramatic  mys- 
teries. 

Only  one  play  of  the  York  series  is 
known  to  exist,  which  was  published 
in  Mr.  Croft's  "Excerpta  Antiqua  ;" 
but  the  various  other  documents  con- 
nected with  the  mode  of  their  per- 
formance, which  Mr.  Davies  has  col- 
lected, and  derived  in  great  measure 
from  original  sources,  will  be  highly 
acceptable  to  all  who  are  interested  in 
this  branch  of  our  national  antiquities* 


Lord  Mayor's  Pageants;  being  Col" 
lections  towards  a  History  of  these 
annual  celebrations,  with  specimens 
of  the  descriptive  Pamphlets  pub- 
lished by  the  City  Poets.  Part  I. 
History  of  Lord  Mayor's  Pageanta^ 
By  Frederick  W.  Fairholt»  Esq. 
{Publications  of  the  Percy  Society, 
No.  XXXVIIL) 

THIS  volume  is  one  which  must 
have  cost  a  much  larger  amount  of 
labour  than  that  which  has  usually 
been  bestowed  upon  the  works  of  the 


*  We  are  glad  to  perceive  that  this 
Gamden  Society  has  placed  upon  its  list  of 
intended  publications  the  valuable  Harleian 
MS.  633,  being  the  register  of  the  Privy 
Seal  of  Richard  III.  of  the  contents  of 
which  Mr.  Daviies  has  given  several  in- 
teresting specimens  in  the  present  volume. 


510 


Review. — Fairholt's  Lord  Mayors  Pageants^ 


[Nov* 


Percy  Society  by  their  editors,  and  the 
members  ai'e  proportionately  more 
deeply  indebted  to  its  author,  for  to 
that  designation  he  is  entitled.  It  is, 
in  fact,  an  historical  digest  upon  a 
prominent  feature  in  our  popular  an- 
tiquities, accompanied  by  a  critical 
review,  with  extracts,  of  a  long  series 
of  semi-dramatic  compositions,  some 
half  dozen  of  which  are  to  be  printed 
entire  as  a  correspondent  volume. 

It  is  now  eighteen  years  ago  since 
many  pages  of  this  Magazine  were 
occupied  by  a  bibliographical  list  of 
these  same  Lord  Mayor's  pageants,  in 
which  the  catalogue  originally  given 
in  the  Biographica  Dramatica  was 
materially  amplified  and  corrected  by 
the  co-operation  of  Mr.  Haslewood 
with  the  late  Mr.  Nichols  and  his 
grandson.  Subsequently,  in  1831, 
Mr.  John  Gough  Nichols  reprinted  the 
same  list  in  a  distinct  publication 
entitled  *'  London  Pageants,"  con- 
siderably corrected  and  enlarged.  It 
there  forms  almost  thirty  octavo  pages. 
In  the  "  Progresses,  &c.  of  King  James 
the  First "  are  reprinted  (with  many 
other  old  tracts  describing  solemnities 
and  festivities  of  a  similar  character,) 
DO  less  than  seven  of  these  city  pageants, 
which  there  occupy  altogether  eighty- 
nine  quarto  pages.  We  think  it  but 
just  to  apprise  the  members  of  the 
Percy  Society  of  these  circumstances, 
because  Mr.  Fairholt  sets  out  with 
stating  that  the  subject  of  his  work 
*'  has  never  been  fully  treated  on,"  and 
that  "  brief  and  meagre  notices  are  all 
that  the  public  are  possessed  of,  such 
as  the  few  pages  devoted  by  Hone  to 
the  subject,  in  his  volume  on  Ancient 
Mysteries."  Instead  of  this  we  ought 
to  have  found  in  Mr.  Fairholt's  preface 
acknowledgments  of  the  materials  he 
had  derived,  as  well  from  Mr.  Nichols's 
work,  as  from  Herbert's  History  of 
the  City  Companies,  and  from  Mal- 
colm's Londinium  Redivivum ;  of  all 
of  which  we  find  in  the  course  of  his 
compilation  that  he  has  largely  availed 
himself. 

So  confident,  indeed,  does  Mr.  Fair- 
holt  seem  to  have  been  of  the  ori- 
ginality of  his  line  of  literary  inquiry, 
that  he  apparently  has  not  pursued 
his  researches  to  the  Progresses,  &c. 
of  King  James  the  First,  as  he  mentions 
only  that  the  pageant  of  16I4  has 
been    reprinted    in   that    work,    un- 


noticing  the  reprints  of  the  six  other 
pageants. 

To  Malcolm,  as  he  admits  in  p.  14, 
our  author  is  indebted  for  "the  first 
detailed  account  of  a  regular  Lord 
Mayor's  Show."  This  is  in  1566; 
but  in  our  Magazine  for  Oct.  1833,  p. 
316,  will  be  found  a  communication 
from  Mr.  J.  G.  Nichols,  containing 
a  detailed  account  of  the  civic  pa- 
geantry on  the  same  occasion  at  a 
somewhat  earlier  date,  viz.  daring  the 
reign  of  Queen  Mary,  derived  from 
the  journal  of  a  London  citizen,  pre- 
served in  the  Cottonian  Manuscripts, 
and  which  Mr.  Nichols  is  now  editing 
entire,  at  the  expense  of  the  Camden 
Society.  In  our  Number  for  Nov* 
1841  will  be  found  a  list  of  all  the 
nobility,  &c.  guests  at  the  Lord  Mayor's 
feast  in  1529. 

These  references  will  show  Mr. 
Fairholt  that  the  field  of  his  inquiries 
is  not  so  entirely  untrodden  as  he 
imagines.  We  have  no  wish,  how* 
ever,  to  undervalue  his  own  cootribn- 
tions  to  the  subject,  which  are  evi* 
dently  the  fruit  of  persevering  research ; 
and,  without  entering  into  minate 
criticisms,  we  will  only  further  re- 
mark, that  he  has  perhaps  given  too 
much  credit  to  Mr.  Gifford's  suggestion 
that  Anthony  Munday  was  the  author 
of  several  **  London  Pageants,''  now 
unknown,  before  the  year  161  ]« 
Munday,  very  probably,  may  have 
managed  the  pageantry  during  that 
period,  with  or  without  the  garnish  of 
a  little  poetry ;  but  Mr.  Fairholt  has 
not  been  aware  of  the  fact,  which  is 
stated  in  a  side- note  to  the  list  of 
mayors  in  Stowe's  Survay,  that  the  pa- 
geantry itself  had  been  at  a  low  ebb 
for  some  years  before  1610,  when  it 
was  revived  "  by  order  of  the  King ;" 
the  meaning  of  which  apparently  is, 
that  the  King  had  then  a  visitor  from 
Germany,  Christian  Prince  of  Anhalt« 
to  contribute  to  whose  entertainment 
in  London  the  civic  pageants  were 
"extraordinary,"a8isstated by  Howes, 
in  his  continuation  of  Stowe's  Chro- 
nicle (or,  Progr.  of  K.  James,  ii.  370.) 

The  History  of  the  ParUh  of  GrittUt^ 
iim,  in  Wilts,  By  the  Rev.  J.  E. 
Jackson.  Withan Introductory  Easa^ 
by  John  Britton,  F.S,A.  1843. 
THIS  volume  is  elegant  in  its  il- 
lustrations by  the  pencil,  and  contains 


3.] 


Renxw.— History  of  Grillhlon,  ]VUta. 


5U 


roach  inrormatioti  extending  befnnd 
the  tocaliti^  which  it  describes.    The 

divisian  of  the  contents  of  the  volume 
is  as  follows:  First,  we  meet  with 
the  History  of  the  Parish  of  Grittle- 
ton,  with  all  the  topographical  icforni- 
atioD  that  could  be  discovered,  as  to  its 
extent,  soil,  population,  &c.  folio  wed  bjr 
SD  account  of  the  ancient  proprietors, 
the  Gore  family,  and  its  descent 
through  others,  the  Whites  and 
Houltons,  to  thepresent  Joseph  Neeld, 
esq.  Then  succeeds  a  description  of 
the  old  Mapor  House  in  its  former 
state,    and    of    the    alterations    and 


improvements    made   by   the   present 

owner.  This  is  followed  by  an  ac- 
count of  the  rectors  of  the  parish,  from 
the  year  1269  to  the  present  time;  and 
of  the  church,  nbich  is  of  Norman 
architecture,  with  a  tower  of  later  date. 
This  history,  nbich  is  drawn  up  with 
sufficient  fullneas  to  satisfy  the  anti- 
quary, and  with  such  variety  of  in- 
formation as  will  please  the  general 
reader,  is  followed  by  an  interesting 
Essay  on  Topographical  Literature,  by 
Mr.  John  Britton  ;  who  may  be  truly 
called  ^iK6irovos,  from  his  various  and 
valuable  researches  in   art.*    We  are 


,    (THB    ANTIQUABT,) 
ON    ATTAINING    HIS    SBVBNTIBTH    YBAB— 7tH    JULY,    1841. 

BaiTTCiN !   1  do  rejoice  that  thou  has  gained 

Fulness  of  years ;  the  Past  doth  honour  thee 

As  thou  the  Past  hath  honoured  i  thou  sbalt  he 
For  a  long  age  in  memory  retained 
With  those  stone-deeds  whose  glories  have  remained. 

And  hallowed  are  by  "  hoar  antiqaitie," 

As  is  the  storm -enduring  Drnid  tree. 
Or  echoing  aisle,  with  storied- windows  stained  i 
Antient  of  days,  but  aye  a  boy  in  heart. 

Still  hoping  on  with  sympathies  anspeat. 
Example  to  the  Apathist  thou  art : 

Would  that  thy  frame  might  fitly  represent 
Hiv  spirit's  freshness,  then  should  ills  depart. 

And  the  grey  tyrant,  Tinie,  for  once,  relent. 
Riehmimd,  Aagyut,  1841.  Joseph  Ellib,  ivv. 

To  this  testimony  to  the  merits  of  Mr.  Britton  we  are  happy  to  have  to  add  that 
he  has  lately  received  from  the  King  of  Russia  a  splendid  "  Qold  Medal  qf  Mtrit,'''! 


512 


Review.' — History  of  Griitlelon,  Wills. 


[Nov: 


satisfied  of  the  justice  of  one  remark 
in  it,  "  that  it  is  almost  beyond  the 
powers  and  talents  of  any  one  indi- 
vidual to  compose  a  complete  county 
history." 

"The  perseverance  (he  observes),  labour, 
and  fastidious  discrimination  required 
for  perfecting  such  a  task  are  rarely  to  be 
found  in  any  one  individual.  The  author 
who  reasonably  expects  to  be  paid  for  his 
labours,  cannot  afford  either  the  time  or 
the  expenses  which  are  required,  and  the 
wealthy  country  gentleman  has  usually 
other  and  more  seductive  demands  on  his 
attention.  A  resident  clergyman  or  private 
gentleman  may  accomplish  with  complete- 
ness and  minuteness  a  history  of  his  own 
parish ;  as  White,  in  the  History  of  Sel- 
borne ;  Cullum,  in  the  History  of  Hawsted ; 
Whitaker,  in  the  History  of  Whalley ; 
Gage,  in  the  History  of  Hengrave,  and  a 
few  others ;  but  that  of  a  whole  county, 
and  particularly  such  as  Wiltshire,  is 
more  than  ought  to  be  attempted  or 
could  ever  be  adequately  executed  by  any 
one  person.  No  such  work  ever  has  been 
accomplished,  though  I  am  aware  that 
Kent,  Gloucestershire,  Essex,  Cheshire, 
Worcestershire,  and  a  few  other  counties, 
have  their  respective  histories.** 

Again,  Mr.  Britton  well  observes, 

''  Topography,  which  is  as  much  a  science 
as  geography,  or  any  other  department  of 
literature,  may  be  properly  termed  local 
history,  it  being  strictly  confined  to 
special  objects,  in  connexion  with  the  de- 
scription  of  particular  districts  or  places. 
Though  thus  comparatively  of  limited 
scope  and  powers,  it  is  evident,  from  what 
has  been  already  produced  by  men  of 
learning  and  talent,  that  it  is  sus- 
ceptible of  varied  and  commanding 
interest,  and  may  be  made  eminently  con- 
ducive to  the  public  welfare.  The  matter 
and  the  manner  of  this  species  of  writing 
constitute  its  excellence  or  defect.  By 
furnishing  full,  vivid,  and  authentic  ac- 
counts of  all  the  essential  features  of  a 
parish,  district,  or  place, — of  its  natural 
products  both  beneath  and  on  the  surface 
of  the  earth,—  the  artificial  objects  which 


are  truly  indigenous, — with  such  "bio- 
graphical anecdotes  of  eminent  and  re- 
markable persons,  and  notices  of  the 
phenomena  which  belong  to  the  place  ; 
the  Topographer  will  have  fulfilled  his 
duty  as  to  matter ;  but  he  must  also,  to  be 
successfully  useful  and  attractive,  narrate 
and  illustrate  the  whole  in  a  manner 
calculated  to  attract  the  uninitiated  student, 
and  to  please  and  satisfy  the  veteran 
critic.  This  will  test  both  the  taste  and 
abilities  of  the  writer.  In  the  Hiitory  of 
Kiddington,  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Warton  ; 
of  Selbome,  by  Rev.  Gilbert  White ;  of 
Whalley  and  of  Craven^  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Whitaker;  of  South  Yorkshire  and  of 
Hallanuhire,  by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Hunter ; 
of  Northamptonshire t  by  George  Baker ; 
and  of  /IshridgCi  by  the  Rev.  H.  J.  Todd, 
we  have  truly  valuable  specimens  of  what 
has  been  accomplished  by  the  talents  of 
their  respective  authors,  and  at  the  same 
time  have  full  evidence  of  the  capabilities 
of  Topography." 

Mr.  Britton's  opinion  is  supported 
by  that  of  the  historian  of  English 
poetry.  "  Histories  of  counties,"  says 
Warton,  in  his  Preface  to  his  History 
of  Kiddington, "have  been  condemned 
as  the  dullest  of  compilations.  They  are 
commonly  supposed  to  contain  only  ma- 
terials of  a  circumscribed  and  particalar 
nature,  and  consequently  to  be  inca- 
pable of  acquiring  any  large  share  of 
public  attention.  But  histories  of 
counties,  if  properly  written,  become 
works  of  entertainment,  of  importance, 
and  universality.  They  may  be  made 
the  vehicles  of  much  general  intelli- 
gence, and  of  such  as  is  interesting  to 
every  reader  of  liberal  curiosity.  W^at 
is  local  is  often  national.  There  are, 
indeed,  many  topographers  who  think 
nothing  tedious  or  superfluous,  and  it 
must  be  confessed  that  books  of  this 
kind  are  too  frequently  encumbered 
with  the  pedantries  of  heraldry,  fan- 
tastic pedigrees,  catalogues  of  incum- 
bents, and  ostentatious  epitaphs  of  ob- 
scure individuals ;  but,  in  the  hands  of 


as  a  compliment  for  his  numerous  literary  works  on  Antiquities  and  the  Fine  Arts ; 
but  principally  in  acknowledgment  for  his  "  Dictionary  of  the  Architecture  and 
Archaeology  of  the  Middle  Jges.**  The  designs  on  the  Obverse  and  Reverse  are  pe- 
culiarly beautiful.  On  the  former,  by  C.  Pfeffeb,  is  a  medallion  portrait  of  the 
Monarch  in  matted  or  dull  gold,  on  a  brightly  polished  ground,  surrounded  by  eight 
compartments  ;  four  of  which  have  emblematical  representations  of  Painting,  Sculp- 
ture, Architecture,  and  Fame,  alternating  with  representations  of  the  Greek  honey- 
suckle and  lotus.  The  Reverse,  by  Lachman,  is  adorned  with  an  elevation,  in  bold 
relief,  of  a  building  in  imitation  of  a  Greek  temple,  in  antis,  which  is  the  Museum  at 
Berlin. 

8 


1843.] 


Review.— P*a//^r  and  Hymns  of  the  Church, 


5)3 


a  judicious  and  sensible  examlDer, 
they  are  the  histories  of  ancient 
manners,  arts,  and  customs,"  &c. 

After  this  essay,  we  find  a  brief  de- 
scriptive catalogue  of  the  works  of  the 
Becord  Commission,  beginning  with 
Domesday  Book,  in  2  vols,  folio,  1826, 
which  is  well  described  as  ''the  primary 
source  of  information  for  the  antiquary, 
the  historian,  and  the  topographer," 
and  extending  through  a  very  accu- 
rate and  copious  list  to  the  Proceed- 
ings and  Ordinances  of  the  Privy 
Council  of  England,  edited  by  Sir  H. 
Nicolas,  in  7  vols.  8vo.  from  1834  to 
1837.  This  is  followed  by  an  account 
of  the  MSS.  relating  to  Wiltshire  in 
the  British  Museum,  and  those  of  the 
printed  works  on  the  same  county. 
Mr.  Britten  has  concluded  his  volume 
with  "  A  Glossary  of  Terms  in  Domes- 
day Book,  chiefly  derived  from  the  In- 
troduction by  Sir  Henry  Ellis,"  very 
useful  to  all  in  their  researches  in 
ancient  records  and  books  of  early 
history ;  and  by  a  second,  called  "  A 
Glossary  to  Ancient  Records  relative 
to  General,  County,  Parochial,  and 
Manorial  Historv,"  which  has  been 
compiled  by  him  with  much  care  and 
industry  from  Cowel,  Spelman,  Ken- 
net,  &c.  for  the  use  of  those  persons 
who  have  not  ready  access  to  a  large 
and  expensive  library. 

It  will  be  perceived  that  this  work 
extends  in  its  interest  and  in  its  uk- 
fulness  far  beyond  the  local  history  of 
the  parish  it  describes ;  it  forms  the 
first  of  a  series  of  publications  which 
the  Council  of  the  Wiltshire  Topo- 
graphical Society  intends  to  print,  and 
we  consider  the  commencement  to  be 
very  auspicious  of  its  future  progress. 
It  is  announced  that  the  histories  of 
three  other  parishes  in  the  same  county 
are  preparing  for  speedy  publication. 

Laudes  DiurncB.  The  Paalter  and  Can^ 
tides  set  and  pointed  to  Gregorian 
tones,  by  Richard  Redhead,  Organist 
of  Margaret  Chapel,  8t.  Maryiebone, 
With  a  preface  on  Antiphonal  Chant- 
ing,  hy  the  Rev,  Frederick  Oakley^ 
M.A.  Prebendary  of  Licf\fleld,  and 
Minister  of  Margaret  Chapel,  London, 

The  Hymns  of  the  Church,  with  Ver sides, 
8fc.  as  set  to  Music  by  Thomas  FaUes; 
by  S.  Pearsall,  oflAcf^field  Cailiedral, 
WE  rejoice  to  find  Uiat  more  car« 

is  beginning  to  be  bestowed  upon 
Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


ecclesiastical  music,  and  more  es- 
pecially on  the  psalms  and  canticles 
appointed  to  be  sung  in  churches.  In 
works  of  this  kind  more  attention  has 
generally  been  until  now  directed  to 
the  rhyming  psalms  and  hymns,  which 
have  in  the  course  of  the  last  two 
centuries,  without  authority,  been  in« 
traded  into  the  Prayer  Book,  and 
introduced  into  parts  of  the  Church 
services,  in  which  they  are  inappro- 
priate, or  cause  interruption,  where 
the  unity  of  the  service  requires  that 
there  should  be  none.  So  general, 
indeed,  though  not  universal,  has  this 
practice  become,  that  the  recom- 
mendation of  the  Bishop  of  London 
to  omit  one  where  it  is  evidently 
discordant  with  the  spirit  of  the 
liturgy,  has  been  called  by  a  strange 
inversion  of  terms  an  innovation. 

The  first  of  the  volumes  here  noticed 
contains  the  canticles  and  psalms,  with 
a  proper  chant  for  each ;  every  verse 
is  marked  synoptical ly  with  the  music, 
bo  as  to  enable  any  one  to  see  at  a 
glance  to  what  note  each  word  is  to 
be  sung  :  this  arrangement, 

"  To  the  best  of  the  writer's  belief,  is 
singular,  with  the  exception  only  of  a 
work  which  has  been  published  under  the 
title  of  Cantica  Vespera,  which,  as  it 
originally  suggested  the  idea  of  the  pre- 
sent work,  would  also  have  superseded  its 
necessity,  but  for  the  circumstance  of  its 
being  unsuited  to  the  Anglican  seryice.*' 

The  other  is  a  little  work  which 
was  originally  drawn  up  by  the  Rec- 
tor of  Elford,  for  the  use  of  those  mem- 
bers of  his  flock  who  desired  to  join  in 
such  parts  of  the  service  as  were 
chanted  in  their  parish  church ;  it  has 
been  now  republished  under  the  super^ 
intendence  of  Mr.  Pearsall :  a  species 
of  synoptical  arrangement  is  used 
here  also,  which  consists  in  marking 
the  words  with  the  divisions  of  the 
bars,  and  numbering  them  according 
to  the  notes.  The  preface  in  the 
former  work,  on  the  History  of  Anti- 
phonal  Chanting,  is  very  interesting. 
Mr.  Oakley  traces  its  origin  to  the 
time  of  Moses,  and  shews  the  pro.> 
bability  that  the  Temple  service  was 
performed  in  that  manner;  indeed 
many  of  the  psalms  seem  to  point  out 
by  their  construction  that  such  was 
the  originid  intention  of  the  writer. 
He  then  foUowi  its  history  through 
the    earlier   ages   of    the    Christian 

3U 


514 


Miscellaneous  Reviews, 


[Nov. 


Church  to  the  time  of  St.  Gregory  the 
Great,  who,  he  says, 

**  Did  not  introduce  the  antiphonal 
chant  into  Western  Christendom,  or  even 
into  the  Roman  Church,  but  did  only 
gather  up  the  fragments  of  an  earlier  an- 
tiquity, and  give  shape  and  method  to 
sacred  strains,  which  in  the  West  may  be 
directly  traced  up  to  St.  Ambrose,  and 
St.  Damasus,  three  centuries  before  him- 
and  through  them  into  the  Oriental 
Church,  and  so  to  their  springs  in  the 
very  age  of  the  apostles  themselves." 

The  Gregorian  chants  were  intro- 
duced into  England  by  St.  Augustin, 
and  so  carefully  was  their  purity 
guarded  among  the  Saxons,  that  the 
abolition  of  them  and  the  substitution 


of  other  harmonies  was  made  a  matter 
of  grave  charge  against  Thurstin,  the 
Norman  abbot  of  Glastonbury.  Since 
that  time,  through  the  whole  of  Europe^ 
they  seem  to  have  been  very  much 
corrupted,  until  the  l6th  century, 
when  Palestrina  arose,  and  with  him 
a  new  and  brighter  era  in  the  annals 
of  ecclesiastical  music.  Since  then 
the  Gregorian  tones  have  been  in  this 
country  almost  entirely  superseded  by 
the  psalm  chants  of  later  composers. 

Both  of  these  works  will,  we  hope« 
perform  their  part  in  contributing  to 
the  restoration  of  the  psalms  and 
canticles  to  their  proper  place  as  the 
authorised  musical  portion  of  the 
Church  service. 


The  Apostles*  Creed,  considered  in  re^ 
lation  to  the  Wants  of  the  Religious  Sense 
and  Errors  of  the  Day,     By  the  Rev,  T. 
Griffith,  i^.3f.— The  object  of  this  Trea- 
tise shedl  be  given  in  the  author's  words. 
**  It  has  been  my  object  to  treat  the  se- 
veral articles  of  the  Christian  faith,  first, 
with  reference  to  the  practical  needs  and 
experiences  of  the   religious  sense,  ex- 
hibiting their  bearing  and  importance  in 
relation  to   the  grand  essential  work   of 
the  spiritual  life  ;  and  secondly,  with  re- 
ference to  the  manifold  exaggerations  and 
perversions  to  which  a  zeal  for  an  eccle- 
siastical formalism  on  the  one  hand,  and  a 
disorganizing  spiritualism   on  the  other, 
expose  us.     Hence  the  extent  on  which 
I  have  dwelt  on  the  topics  of  the  Holy 
Catholic  Church  and  the  Communion  of 
Saints,  and  generally  on  the  entire  work 
of  the  Holy   Ghost,  as  the  viceregent  of 
Christ,  *  by  whom  the  whole  body  of  the 
Church  is  governed  and  sanctified  ;'  while 
other  fundamental  points,  such  as  the  Per- 
sonality of  God,  the  Deity  of  Christ,  the 
evidence  of  his  Resurrection,  the  assurance 
of  our  own  continued  being  and  blessed- 
ness   after  death,   and   the  nature    and 
grounds  of  that  belief  to  which  the  ar- 
ticles of  our  Creed  are  entitled,  have  re- 
ceived an  attention  proportioned  to  my 
deep  conviction  of  their  momentousness.*' 
The  author  adds,  that  the  particular  object 
of  his  work  will  account  for  its  not  pre- 
tending to  a  full  theological  statement  of 
the  various  topics  it  touches  on,  because 
it  has  been  subordinated  to  what  appeared 
to  be  demanded  by  the  circumstances  of 
the  age  and  the  necessities  of  a  reflecting 
mind.     We  have  perused  the  work  with 
pleasure  ;  for  there  is  in  it  sound  scholar- 


ship, a  correct,  and  often  elegant,  ex- 
position of  doctrinal  points,  and  a  truly 
pious  and  devout  spirit.  It  is  divided  into 
four  main  parts: — 1.  God  the  Father; 
2.  God  the  Son  ;  3.  God  the  Holy  Ghost ; 
4.  Belief  of  the  Truth  ;  and  each  of  these 
parts  is  divided  into  separate  chapters* 
The  work  may  be  read  with  advantage, 
whether  for  the  promotion  of  practical 
holiness,  or  the  inculcation  of  the  great 
truths  of  the  Gospel,  with  the  grounds  on 
which  they  are  founded,  and  the  authority 
from  which  they  proceed. 

7^e  Rose  of  Arragon,  By  J.  Sheridan 
Knowles. — The  merit  of  this  play  is  to  be 
found  in  the  general  vigour  and  spirit  that 
pervades  it ;  the  main  defect,  that  its 
most  impressive  scenes  and  situations  are 
purposely  written  for  certain  theatrical 
effects ;  as,  for  instance,  the  scene  in  which 
the  injured  Olivia  returns  to  warn  and 
save  her  enemy  the  king  :  a  second  draw 
back  is  to  be  found  in  the  reader  being 
more  interested  in  the  events  than  in  the 
persons  engaged  in  them.  Scarcdy  any 
of  the  characters  are  attractive,  either  en- 
gaging affection,  or  commanding  admira- 
tion ;  but  the  play  is  the  production  of 
a  man  of  talent. 


A  Popular  History  of  British  India, 
8fc.  By  W.  Cooke  Taylor,  XrL.D.— This 
useful  compilation  contains  a  view  of 
British  India,  from  the  first  and  original 
settlement  to  the  termination  of  the  Aff- 
ghan  War ;  it  therefore  includes  an  account 
of  the  administration  of  the  Governors- 
General,  and  their  various  policy  and  suc- 
cess. The  great  features  in  the  earlier 
parts  of  the  history  of  our  achievements 


1843.] 


New  Publications. 


515 


ia  war  are  to  be  found  united  to  the 
names  of  Clive  and  Wellesley  ;  the  later 
are  connected^with  the  Burmese  and  Affghan 
wars.  Yet  it  is  curious  that  in  this  work 
the  names  of  the  three  most  accomplished 
statesmen  and  men  of  talent,  who  have 
appeared  in  India  in  late  days,  are  scarcely 
more  than  mentioned ;  we  allude  to  those 
of  Sir  Thomas  Monro,  Sir  Stamford  Raffles, 
and  Sir  John  Malcolm ;  to  these  we 
should  perhaps  add  that  of  Sir  David 
Ochterlony.  We  hope  that  this  work  may 
be  so  well  received  by  the  public  as  soon 
to  call  forth  a  new  edition,  and  that  some 
biographical  memoir  of  these  persons,  as 
well  as  of  others  who  may  have  deserved  as 
well  of  their  country  by  civil  or  military 
services,  may  appear.  We  think  that  in 
a  new  edition  the  work  may  be  judiciously 
divided  into  two  volumes,  and  that  a  few 
well  chosen  selections  from  the  text  of 
Orme*s  History  (a  work  deserving  of  a 
wider  circulation),  and  of  Mill,  would  be 
acceptable.  In  such  a  case,  also,  the  ac- 
count of  some  of  the  principal  transactions 
might  be  given  with  more  fulness.  But, 
on  the  whole,  the  work  is  very  respect- 
ably, though,  it  appears  to  us,  somewhat 
rapidly,  executed. 

Letters  to  my  Children  on  Church 
Subjects,  By  the  Rev.  W.  J.  E.  Bennett, 
Af.^.  \2mo, — Mr.  Bennett  exhibits  a  sin- 
gular clearness  of  style,  which  is  always 
strong  and  forcible,  and  occasionally  elo- 
quent, and  his  sentiments  and  opinions 
are  always  sound  and  orthodox.  His  pre- 
sent work  is  written  more  particularly  for 
the  young,  and  is  intended  to  instruct 
them  in  the  nature  of  the  Church  and  her 


ordinances.  It  appears  to  be  the  author's 
intention  to  follow  up  this  volume  by 
another,  treating  of  the  moral  and  doc- 
trinal duties  of  Christianity.  The  work, 
when  so  completed,  will  form  an  admir- 
able manual  for  the  use  of  the  young 
Churchman. 


Marmaduke  Wyvil:  or^  the  Maid's 
Revenge.  By  H.  W.  Herbert,  Esq, 
Author  of  **  Oliver  Cromwell,**  8ro. 
3  vols, — ^This  is  a  clever  and  well-written 
tale,  abounding  with  interest  and  adven- 
ture, and  possessing  an  interest  which  is 
well  sustained  throughout.  Perhaps  the 
reader  is  supped  rather  too  full  with  hor- 
rors. We  cannot  help  thinking  that  the 
termination  of  the  story,  as  regards  some 
of  the  innocent  characters,  is  of  too  tragic 
a  nature;  the  character  of  Alice,  the 
heroine,  is  also  somewhat  out  of  keeping. 
It  is  scarcely  probable  that  so  amiable  a 
person — we  have  seldom  met  with  a  more 
beautiful  delineation  of  female  excellence 
— should  have  persevered  in  her  attach- 
ment to  so  heartless  a  wretch  as  Wyvil^ 
when  she  was  well  aware  of  his  baseness. 
The  author  also  does  not  do  justice  to  the 
character  of  the  martyred  Charles ;  in* 
deed,  although  it  is  true  that  he  exposes 
the  faults  of  the  Puritans,  we  must  own 
we  should  have  preferred  that  of  the  two 
heroes  of  the  tale  the  Cavalier  should  have 
been  described  as  the  best.  The  contrary 
of  this,  however,  is  the  case  :  Wyvil,  the 
Cavalier,  is  one  of  the  basest  villains  whom 
it  is  possible  to  imagine,  whilst  Chaloner, 
the  Roundhead  general,  has  almost  every 
virtue  attributed  to  him. 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE. 


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Despatches  of  Hernando  Cortes,  the 
Conqueror  of  Mexico,  addressed  to  the 
Emperor  Charles  V.  written  during  the 
Conquest,  and  containing  a  Narrative  of 
its  Events.  Now  first  translated  into 
English  from  the  Original  Spanish,  with 
an  Introduction  and  Notes.  By  Gxobor 
FOLSOM.    8vo.    I2s. 

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of  the  French  Empire ;  with  particular 
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gress. By  F.  C.  ScHLOSBER,  Professor 
of  History  in  the  University  of  Heidel- 
berg. Translated,  with  a  Preface  and 
Notes,  by  D.  Davison,  M.A.  Vol.  1, 
8vo.     lOs, 


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of  Mopsuestia,  A.D.  427.  By  Theodo- 
BETUS,  Bishop  of  Cyrus.  A  new  trans- 
lation, 8vo.    Is, 

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ment, from  LoED  Brougham.  8vo.   2^. 

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hill  Baring  on  the  Institution  of  a  safe 
and  profitable  Paper  Currency.  By  John 
Welsford  Cowell,  B.A.  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge.     8vo.     3s. 

Travels  and  Topography. 
National  Atlas  of  Historical,  Commer- 


516 


New  Publicatiom, 


[Nov. 


cial,  and  Political  Geography.  By  Alex- 
ander Keith  Johnston,  F.R.G.S. 
Folio.   8/.  Ss. 

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Narrative  of  the  Travels  and  Adven- 
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Sonora,  and  Western  Texas.  Written 
by  Capt.  Marryat,  C.B.  3  vols,  post 
8vo.     31*.  6d. 

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in  1R42:  with  brief  Notes  of  a  Route 
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tinople, and  up  the  Danube.  By  the 
Rev.  George  Fisk,  LL.B.  Prebendary 
of  Lichfield.    8vo.    10*.  6rf. 

A  Tour  in  France,  Italy,  and  Switzer- 
land, during  the  years  1840  and  1841. 
By  Andrew  Clarke,  Esq.  of  Comries. 
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Yols.  8vo.     18*. 

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CoUege,  Oxford.    8vo.     12*. 


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Judaism  investigated.  By  Mosxs  Ma&« 
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Jews.  By  Ministers  of  different  deno- 
minations. Published  under  the  sanc- 
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Holy  Communion.  By  Walter  C. 
Perry,     l^mo.    3*. 

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teagh,  in  which  certain  of  his  statements 
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the  Church  are  considered,  and  more 
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Boyton,  D.D,  late  Fellow  and  Tutor  of 
Trinity  College.  8vo.  2*.  6d, 

On  Holy  Virginity ;  with  a  brief  account 


1843.] 


if  eta  PMieationi. 


^M 


of  th6  life  of  Saint  AtttWdM,  firotn  whott 
the  tract  is  derived.  By  Albany  J. 
Christie,  M.A.  Fellow  of  Oriel  College, 
Oxford.  3». 

The  Key  to  Modem  Controversy ;  or, 
the  Baptismal  Regeneration  of  the  Esta- 
blishea  Church  explained  and  justified,  in 
reference  to  the  late  Charge  of  the  BishoiH 
of  London.  By  the  Rev.  G.  Bugo, 
Curate  of  Desborongh,  near  Kettering. 
ISmo.  ^. 

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Lincoln.  By  John  Lord  Bisho?  op 
Lincoln.  Delivered  at  the  Triennial 
Visitation  in  1843.  8vo.  2#. 

On  the  Expediencv  of  restoring  to  the 
Church  her  Synodical  Poems.  By  James 
Thomas  O'Brien,  D.D.  Bishop  of 
Ossory,  Leighlin,  and  Ferns.  8vo.  \a,^d. 
Charge  at  his  Primary  Visitation  in 
April  1843.  By  William  Piercy,  Lord 
Bishop  of  Guiana.  8vo.  \8,  Sd, 

Charge  delivered  in  July  1843.  By 
Thomas  Thorpe,  B.D.  Archdeacon  of 
Bristol.  8vo.  1*.  6d, 

The  Miracles  of  Christ;  with  ex- 
planatory Observations  and  Illustrations 
from  Modern  Travels.  Intended  for  the 
young.  18mo.  Is,  6d. 

On  Right  and  Wrong  Methods  of  Sup- 
porting Protestantism:  a  letter  to  Lord 
Ashley  respecting  a  certain  proposed 
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opinion  in  the  University  of  Oxford.  By 
F.  D.  Maurice,  A.M.  Chaplain  of  Guy*s 
Hospital,  and  Professor  of  English  Lite- 
rature in  King's  College,  London.  8vo.  1*. 
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Universities,  with  special  reference  to 
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James  Garbett,  M.A.  Rector  of  Clap- 
ton, Sussex,  &c.  8vo.  Ss. 

The  Doctrine  of  Dr.  Pusey^s  Sermon, 
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518 


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Henry  Steinau,  M.D.  of  the  Boyal 
Medical  College,  Berlin.     8vo.  3«.  Sd. 

The  Wet  Sheet :  addressed  to  the  Me- 
dical Men  of  England :  Cases  iUustrative 
of  the  Powerful  and  Curative  Effect  of  the 
Wet  Sheet,  with  the  External  snd  In- 
ternal Application  of  Water.  By  Samubl 
Weeding,  M.D.     8vo.  2*.  Sd, 

Practical  Treatise  on  Congestioti  and 
Inactivity  of  the  Liver.  By  Frbdbrick 
J.  MosGROVE,  Surgeon.     18mo.  2f.  Sd. 

Hints  for  Pedestrians:  with  lUnstn- 
tions.  Muscular  Exercise  is  condociTe 
to  Longevity.  By  Mbdicus.  Square. 
1*.  6d. 

Phrenological  Theory  of  the  Treatment 
of  Criminals  defended  in  a  Letter  to  John 
Forhes,  esq.  M.D.  By  M.  B.  Sampson. 
8vo.  6d, 

London  Physiological  Journal;  or, 
Monthly  Record  of  Observations  on  Ani- 
mal and  Vegetable  Anatomy  and  Physio- 
logy, chiefly  made  by  the  aid  of  the  Mi- 
croscope. Edited  by  S.  J.  Goodfellow, 
M.D.  and  Edwin  J.  Quekett,  F.L.S. 
No.  1.    8vo.  1*. 

Science  and  Arts, 

Treatise  on  Mechanics.  By  S.  D. 
PoissoN.  Translated  from  the  Freneh, 
and  elucidated  with  Explanatory  Notes 
by  the  Rev.  H.  H.  Hartb.  2  vols.  8vo. 
28*. 

Elementary  Instruction  in  Chemical 
Analysis.  By  Dr.  C.  Remboius  Fbb- 
SENius,  Chemical  Assistant  in  the  Labo- 
ratory of  the  University  of  Giessen :  with 
a  Preface  by  Professor  Liebig :  edited  by 
J.  Lloyd  Bullock,  Member  of  the 
Chemical  Society.     Svo.  9*. 

Familiar  Letters  on  Chemistry,  and  its 
relation  to  Commerce,  Physiology,  and 
Agriculture.  By  Justus  Liebig.  Edited 
by  John  Gardner,  M.D.  Member  of 
the  Chemical  Society.     4*.  6d, 

Applied  Chemistry,  in  Mannfactnres, 
Arts,  and  Domestic  Economy.  Edited 
by  E.  A.  Parnell.     Part  1,  Svo.  Ss.  6d» 

Treatise  on  Photography;  containing 
the  latest  Discoveries  and  Improvements 
appertaining  to  the  Daguerreotype.    Bj 


1843.] 


New  Publications. 


519 


N.  P.  Lerebours,  Optician  to  the  Obser- 
yatory,  Paris,  &c.  Translated  by  J. 
Egerton.     Crown  8vo.  Is,  6d, 

Lectares  on  Polarised  Light,  delivered 
before  the  Pharmaceutical  Society  of 
Great  Britain,  and  in  the  Medical  School 
of  the  London  Hospital.  By  Jonathan 
PXREIRA.     8vo.     bs,  6d, 

Arithmetic,  designed  for  the  nse  of 
Schools.  By  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Colenso, 
M.A.  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge.    \2mo,  48.  6d, 

Rules  chiefly  deduced  from  Experiment 
for  conducting  the  Practical  Operations  of 
a  Siege.  By  C.  W.  Pasley,  Major- 
General  Royal  Engineers,  C.R.  F.R.S. 
&c.     Part  3,  78,  The  work  complete,  128, 

Brand's  Tables  of  Chemical  Equiva- 
lents, Weights,  Measures,  &c.     38.  6d, 

On  the  Preservation  of  Documents  from 
Fire :  being  the  substance  of  a  Paper  read 
before  the  Liverpool  Polytechnic  Society. 
By  Samuel  Woods,  jun.  8vo.  6d, 

Natural  History  f  ^c. 

Popular  Cyclopaedia  of  Natural  Science : 
Animal  Physiology.  By  W.  B.  Carpen- 
ter, M.D.     Post  8vo.  10*.  6d, 

Some  Remarks  on  Lancashire  Farm- 
ing, and  on  various  subjects  connected 
with  the  Agriculture  of  the  Country ; 
with  a  few  Suggestions  for  remedying 
some  of  its  Defects.  By  Lawrence 
Rawstorne,  esq.  12mo.  4*. 

An  Illustrated,  Enlarged,  and  English 
Edition  of  Lamarck's  Species  of  Shells. 
The  letter-press  by  Silvanus  Hanley, 
B.A.  Oxford.  The  illustrations  by  W. 
Wood,  Author  of  «*  The  Index  Entomo- 
logicus,"  &c.  No.  1,  8vo.  5*.;  royal 
8vo.  Is,     (To  be  completed  in  six  parts). 

Popular  Flowers :  their  Cultivation, 
Propagation,  and  General  Treatment  in 
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Favourite  Varieties,  illustrated  by  coloured 
portraits,  and  12  coloured  plates,  6s,  6d, 

Arboriculture  :  a  Paper  read  before  the 
Geological  and  Polytechnic  Society  of  the 
West  Riding  of  Yorkshire.  By  James 
Hamerton,  esq.  8vo.  28, 

jirchitecture,  8fc, 

We  ale' 9  Quarterly  Papers  on  En- 
gineering. Part  1 ,  roy.  4to.  with  7  plates 
and  2  portraits,  Ts, 

We  ale's  Quarterly  Papers  on  Archi- 
tecture. Part  1,  royal  4to.  with  14  plates 
and  2  woodcuts,  7** 

Designs  for  Sepulchral  Monuments. 
By  Carl  Tottie,  Architect  and  C.E.  In 
Twenty  Plates,  engraved  by  Henry  Adlard. 
Folio,  36*. 

Illustrations  of  Baptismal  Fonts.  Part 
1,  8vo.  16  engravings  and  letter-press. 
2s,  6d, 


The  Pue  System :  a  letter  to  the  Vene- 
rable the  Archdeacon  of  Craven.  By  the 
Rev.  William  Gillmor,  M.A.  Per- 
petual Curate  of  Illingworth.  8vo.  1*.  6d, 

Fine  Arts, 

Gallery  of  Antiquities  selected  from  the 
British  Museum.  By  F.  Arundalb, 
Architect,  and  J.  Bonomi,  Sculptor. 
With  Descriptions  by  S.  Birch,  Assistant 
to  the  Antiquarian  Department  at  the 
British  Museum,  &c.  Part  2,  Egyptian 
Art     4to.   2Cs,    (completing  Vol.  1.) 

Baronial  Halls,  Picturesque  Edifices, 
and  Ancient  Churches  of  England,  drawn 
inLithotint.  By  J.  D.  Harding.  Edited 
by  S.  C.  Hall,  F.S.A.  Part  1,  3  Plates, 
imperial  4to.    5*. 

Retzsch's  Outlines  to  Shakspeare,  Se- 
venth Series — ^The  Merry  Wives  of  Wind- 
sor.    Oblong  4to.  13  plates,  18*. 

The  Science  of  Drawing  simplified  ;  or, 
the  Elements  of  Form  demonstrated  by 
Models.  By  B.  Watbrhouse  Haw- 
kins. 8vo.  With  a  series  of  Models  in  a 
portable  box.    42*. 

Photogenic  Drawing  made  easy ;  a 
Manual  of  Photography,  with  Specimens. 
By  N.  Whittock.  8vo.  1*. 

Music, 

The  Order  of  Chanting  the  Cathedral 
Service,  with  Notation  of  the  Preces, 
Versicles,  Responses,  &c.  &c.  as  pub- 
lished by  Edward  Low,  Organist  to 
Charles  II.  A.D.  1664.  Edited  by  £.  F. 
RiMBAULT,  Ph.D.,  F.S.A.  &c.  Square 
18mo.  5*. 

Congregational  Psalmody  for  the  Ser- 
vices of  the  Church  of  England ;  arranged 
by  Hbnrt  Hughes,  M.A.  Perp.  Curate 
of  All  Saints*,  Gordon  Square.  18mo. 
3*. ;  24mo.  28, 

Catechism  of  Music.  By  W.  A. 
Wordsworth.     18mo.    9d, 

Sports, 

The  Book  of  Games  ;  or,  the  School- 
boy's Manual  of  Amusement,  Instruction, 
and  Health.     8vo.  3*.  6d, 

Hoyle's  Games  improved :  with  the 
Rules  and  Practice  as  admitted  by  the 
most  fashionable  establishments  in  the 
kingdom.  By  Eidrah  Trbbor,  esq. 
32mo.  2*.  6d, 

In  the  Press, 

Aneedota  Literaria :  a  collection  of 
small  poems  (previously  inedited)  illus- 
trative of  the  Literature  and  History  of 
England  in  the  thirteenth  century,  and 
more  particularly  of  the  condition  and 
manners  of  the  different  classes  of  Society. 
Edited  from  MSS.  in  the  Libraries  of 
London,  Oxford,  Paris,  and  Berne.  By 
Thomas  Wright,  Esq.  M.A.  F.S.A.  &c* 


520 


Literary  and  Sdenttfie  Inielltgence, 


[Nov. 


St.  Patrick's  PargatoiTy  an  Essay  on 
the  Mediaeral  Legends  of  Purgatory  and 
Paradise.  By  Thomas  Wright,  Esq. 
M.A.  F.S.A.  &c. 


SnaiEES  SOCIETY. 

At  the  ninth  Anniversary  Meeting  held 
at  Durham  on  the  28th  Sept.  Earl  Fitz- 
William  was  elected  President  of  this 
Society  for  the  next  three  years,  William 
Greenwell,  esq.  M.A.  of  Duiham,  and 
John  Gough  Nichols,  esq.  F.S.A.  of 
London,  Treasurers,  and  the  Rev.  James 
Raine,  M.A.  Secretary.  Six  new  mem- 
bers were  elected.  * '  The  Correspondence 
of  Robert  Bowes,  of  Aske,  Esquire,  the 
Ambassador  of  Queen  Elizabeth  to  the 
Court  of  Scotland,*'  extending  from  1577 
to  1583,  is  now  ready  for  delivery  as  one 
of  the  works  of  the  Society  for  the 
subscription  of  1842 ;  and  will  be  followed 
by  a  Survey  of  Durham  Cathedral,  drawn 
up  in  1593,  by  one  who  remembered  it 
before  the  Dissolution.  A  coeval  MS.  of 
this  interesting  narrative  has  been  found, 
differing  materially  from  the  copy  printed 
by  Davies  of  Kidwelly.  **  The  Epistolary 
Correspondence  and  other  Papers  of  Dr. 
Matthew  Hutton,  Archbishop  of  York,  in 
the  time  of  Elizabeth  and  James,  with  an 
unpublished  memoir  of  that  prelate  and 
his  immediate  descendants,  by  Dr.  Andrew 
C.  Ducarel,*'  has  been  for  some  time  in 
the  press,  and  will  be  completed  with  all 

rossible  despatch  for  the  subscribers  of 
843. 


UNIVERSITY   OF   OXFOIID. 

The  following  subjects  are  announced 
for  the  Prizes  of  the  ensuing  years  : 

Theological  Prize.—'*  The  Contrast  of 
Scripture- Prophecy  with  the  Oracles  and 
Divination  of  the  Heathens.*' 

Mrs.  Denyer*8  Theological  Prizes. — 
''  The  Justification  of  Man  before  God 
only  bv  the  Merits  of  Jesus  Christ." 

"  The  Duties  of  Christianity  incumbent 
on  Individuals  as  Members  of  a  private 
family." 

Chaneellor^B  Prizes^  vie. — Latin  Verse 
-^Triumphi  Pompa  apud  Romanos. 

English  Essay — ^The  principles  and  ob« 
jeets  of  human  Punishments. 

Latin  Essay — Literarum  humaniorum 
utilitas. 

Sir  Roger  Newdigate*s  Prize. — Eng- 
lish verse—"  The  Battle  of  the  NUe." 


UNIVERSITY  COLLEGE,  LONDON. 

The  bye-laws  of  the  college,  passed  at 
a  general  meeting  of  the  proprietors  in 
May  1842,  contain  a  regulation  for  the 
gradual  admission  of  alumni  of  the  col- 
lege to  a  participation  in  its  government. 
With  this  view,  the  Council  are  authorised 
9 


to  eonstitnte  students  of  the  college,  ^ho 
have  graduated  with  honours  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  London,  members  of  the  cor- 
porate body,  by  conferring  on  them  for 
life  such  shares  as,  in  consequence  of 
forfeiture,  or  of  being  ceded  for  the  pur- 
pose by  proprietors,  they  shall  have  the 
power  of  disposing  of.  The  members  to 
be  so  constituted  are  to  be  styled  **  Fel- 
lows OF  THE  College,'*  and  to  enjoy  the 
privileges  possessed  by  other  proprietori, 
especially  the  right  of  taking  part  in  the 
election  of  the  council,  and  eligibility  to 
be  themselves  members  of  that  body. 
Not  more  than  one-third  of  the  shares  to 
be  so  disposed  of  in  any  one  year  are  to 
be  conferred  on  graduates  in  medicine, 
nor  more  than  two-thirds  among  gradu- 
ates in  arts  and  law.  This  law  has  lately 
been  acted  upon  for  the  first  time  by  the 
council,  by  the  appointment  of  three  Fel- 
lows, one  for  each  faculty.  The  gentle- 
men who  have  received  this  distinctioa 
are  John  Richard  Quain,  of  the  Inner 
Temple,  Bachelor  of  Laws  ;  John  Taylor, 
Keppel-street,  Doctor  of  Medicine;  Ja- 
cob Waley,  of  Lincoln's-Inn,  Master  of 
Arts. 


TRINITY  COLLEGE,  DUBLIN* 

The  Vice- Chancellor's  prises  for  the 
best  Greek  ode,  and  best  English  poem 
on  **  The  Last  of  the  Hoenstolfens,"  have 
been  both  awarded  to  Thomas  Bolland 
Langley,  son  of  the  Rev.  John  Langleyy 
Wallingford,  Berks. 

THE   COLLEGE   OF  SURGSONSf 

The  Queen  has  granted  a  new  charter 
to  this  body,  under  the  title  of  <<The 
Royal  College  of  Surgeons  of  ]&igland," 
by  which  a  new  body  is  created  in  the 
college — ^viz.  Fellows,  to  consist  of  those 
who  practise  Surgery  alone.  Members 
will  be  admitted  into  the  fiellowship  by 
examination,  but  not  until  the  age  of  S5, 
instead  of  21 ,  at  which  age  members  are 
at  present  admitted.  The  Council  to  be 
elected  by  the  Fellows  from  such  of  their 
own  body  who  do  not  practise  midwifery 
or  pharmacy,  and  will  retain  their  places 
in  the  Council  only  for  a  limited  time. 
The  Examiners  will  be  elected  bv  the 
Council  from  the  Fellows.  The  order  of 
members  will  remain  as  heretofore. 


The  Rev.  Mr.  Wiz,  chaplain  of  8t» 
Bartholomew's  Hospital,  has  instituted 
an  annual  prize  to  be  awarded  to  the 
writer  of  the  best  essay  on  Natural  Theo- 
logy. This  year  the  palm  has  been 
awarded  to  Mr.  Henry  Mitchell,  of  Cam- 
bridge. 


521 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


ARCHiGOLOGICAL    RESEARCHES   IN 
GREECE. 

Mr.  George  Finlay  has  communicated 
to  the  Atheneeum  an  account  of  the  pro- 
gress of  Archaeological  Research  in 
Greece  since  the  establishment  of  the 
German  government.  One  object  of  his 
statement  is  to  call  the  attention  of  the 
friends  of  Greek  art  in  England  to  the 
importance  of  lending  some  aid  towards 
farthering  these  researches,  which,  it  will 
be  seen  from  the  following  summary, 
have  not  been  without  important  results 
both  to  art  and  literature. 

The  artists  and  antiquaries  at  Athens, 
says  Mr.  Finlay,  have  had  quite  as  great 
difficulties  to  encounter  from  the  supine- 
ness  and  illiberality  of  the  Greek  govern- 
ment as  the  mercantile  and  agricultural 
classes ;  yet  I  venture  to  refer  to  the 
essays  of  Professor  Ross,  on  various  ques- 
tions of  Greek  topography, — to]the  splendid 
work  on  the  Temple  of  Victory  Apteros 
in  the  Acropolis  of  Athens,  which  he  pub- 
lished in  conjunction  with  the  architects 
Hausen  and  Schaubert, — to  the  learned 
travels  of  Professor  Ulrichs,  in  Boeotia 
and  Phocis, — to  the  dissertation  of  the 
late  General  Gordon  on  the  pass  of  Ther- 
mopylae, with  his  map, — to  the  large 
Greek  map  of  the  Hellenic  kingdom,  by 
the  engineer  Aldenhoven,  and  to  the  ex- 
tensive collection  of  unedited  inscriptions, 
by  Messrs.  Rangav^  and  Pittakis,  pub- 
lished periodically,  under  the  title  of  the 
**  Archaiological  Journal,"  —  to  these 
works  I  refer  as  proofs  of  the  services 
which  the  inhabitants  of  modern  Athens 
have  already  rendered  to  the  cause  of 
ancient  art  and  literature.  I  may  men- 
tion as  a  proof  of  my  own  anxiety  to  aid 
the  exertions  of  abler  men  and  better 
scholars,  a  map  of  the  northern  part  of 
Attica,  and  an  essay  printed  at  Athens  in 
English,  on  the  topography  of  Diacria 
and  Oropia,  as  they  have  been  adopted 
as  authority  for  laying  down  that  district 
in  the  new  Topographisch-historischer 
Atlas  of  Greece  and  its  colonies,  by  Kie- 
pert. 

There  have  been  various  efforts  at  differ- 
ent times  to  excite  the  attention  of  King 
Otho's  government  to  the  importance  of 
forming  a  society  for  the  purpose  of  par- 
suing  a  regular  system  of  excavation.  The 
first  attempt  was  made  by  foar  strangers 
residing  at  Athens,  as  soon  as  it  was 
known  that  the  son  of  a  monarch  so  de- 
voted to  the  cultivation  of  ancient  art  as 

Gent,  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


King  Louis  of  Bavaria  was  elected  sove- 
reign of  Greece.  The  beautiful  Choragic 
Monument  of  Lyslcrates,  vulgarly  called 
the  Lantern  of  Demosthenes,  was  chosen, 
and  the  whole  of  this  interesting  building 
was  laid  open  to  public  view,  its  base- 
ment having  been  previously  concealed  by 
an  accumulation  of  earth  to  the  depth  of 
12  to  15  feet.  The  intention  of  the  ex- 
cavators was  to  inculcate,  by  a  practical 
illustration,  the  necessity  of  an  excavation 
round  most  of  the  ancient  buildings,  in 
order  to  display,  as  far  as  possible,  the 
peculiarities  of  their  original  sites.  This 
excavation  led  to  nothing  further  at  the 
time,  as  the  excavators  were  not  allowed 
to  extend  their  researches,  and  it  excited 
the  jealousy  of  the  royal  government, 
which  has  permitted  the  Uttle  square 
formed  round  the  monument  of  Lysicrates 
to  be  ruined,  and  almost  filled  with  rub- 
bish, for  the  purpose,  as  it  is  maliciously 
asserted,  of  clearing  it  out  again,  and 
making  such  improvements  as  will  give  a 
specious  claim  to  say  the  excavation  is  a 
government  work. 

Some  time  after  this  first  attempt,  a 
second  was  made,  and  the  foundation  of 
an  Archaiological  Society  was  laid.  Most 
of  the  Greeks  of  wealth  at  Athens  sub- 
scribed, and  it  was  determined  to  make  a 
considerable  excavation  in  the  Acropolis, 
in  order  to  greet  King  Otho  on  his  first 
arrival  at  his  future  capital  with  matter 
to  excite  his  enthusiasm.  As  Count  Ar- 
mansperg,  Mr.  Maurer,  and  General  Hei- 
deck,  the  members  of  the  regency,  were 
also  to  visit  Athens  for  the  first  time  in 
his  Majesty's  company,  it  was  expected 
that  they  would  all  join  the  Society  as 
patrons  and  subscribers.  Very  liberal 
subscriptions  were  collected  among  the 
Greeks  and  Philhellenes ;  Mr.  Gropias, 
the  patriarch  of  Attic  Archaiologists,  was 
requested  to  select  the  ground  to  be 
examined,  and  Mr.  Pittakis,  the  present 
conservator  of  antiquities  in  Greece,  un- 
dertook to  direct  the  operations  of  the 
workmen  in  person.  The  success  of  the 
undertaking  was  most  encouraging,  as 
might  have  been  anticipated,  under  such 
able  superintendence.  Five  portions  of  the 
frieze  of  the  Parthenon  were  discovered, 
four  of  which  are  in  an  exquisite  state  of 
preservation  ;  one  belongs  to  the  assem- 
bly of  the  gods  at  the  east  end,  and  the 
others  to  the  festal  procession  on  the  north 
side  of  the  temple.  Several  other  frag- 
ments of  minor  Interest  were  also  found ; 

3X 


522 


Antiquarian  Researches* 


[Nov. 


but  all  the  exertions  of  this  Society  met 
with  no  encouragement  from  the  Regency, 
—indeed,  quite  the  contrary.  The  govern- 
ment, however,  was  not  allowed  to  rest, 
and  at  length  Professor  Ross  was  charged 
to  make  excavations  in  the  Acropolis  of 
Athens,    in    order  to   continue  the   re- 
searches commenced  by  the  advice  of  Mr. 
Gropius.     The  results  of  these  excava- 
tions were  also  of  the  greatest  importance 
to  the  history  of  ancient  art.     The  beau- 
tiful temple  of  Victory,  at  the  entrance  of 
the  Acropolis,  was  found  to  have  been 
thrown  down  without  its  materials  having 
been  destroyed,  and  almost  every  stone  of 
the  building,  with  the  exception  of  the 
portion  of  the  frieze  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum, was  discovered.     The  restoration  of 
this  elegant  little  treasure  of  Grecian  art 
was   almost    completed    when   Professor 
Ross  was  removed  from  his  office  of  con- 
servator of  antiquities,  and  Mr.  Pittakis 
appointed  in  his  place.     From  that  day 
to  this,  the  temple  remains  incomplete,  in 
consequence   of  the  jealousy  which,   in 
Greece,   invariably    induces    every    new 
official  to  adopt  a  totally  opposite  line  of 
conduct  from  tliat  pursued  by  his  prede- 
cessor.    One  of  the  most  valuable  dis- 
coveries  was   an    exquisite   figure  of    a 
winged  Victory  tying  on  her  sandal  to  fly 
forth  in  attendance  on  the  armies  of  the 
republic,  which  formed  the  last  in  a  series 
of  winged  figures  disposed  in  front  of  the 
temple,  as  a  substitute  for  a  balustrade. 
Many  portions  of  the  other  figures  have 
likewise  been  found  ;  but  all  is  left  hud- 
dled together  in  a  dusty  magazine,  or  ex- 
posed carelessly  in  the  ruined  temple. 

As  soon  as  the  Bavarian  Regency  awoke 
from  its  lethargy,  it  was  seized  with  a 
fever  for  excavation.  But  as  the  object 
of  this  activity  was  only  to  supply  a  pre- 
text for  a  series  of  articles  in  the  German 
newspapers,  by  which  it  was  thought  glory 
and  popularity  would  be  gained  in  Europe, 
these  excavations  were  without  any  im- 
portant results.  Some  ground  was,  how- 
ever, turned  over  at  Olympia,  at  Tegea,  at 
Sparta,  at  Megalopolis,  atTenea,  near  Co- 
rinth, at  Thera,  at  Anaph^,  and  at  Delos. 

In  1B37  an  Archaiological  Society  was 
formed  by  the  Greeks  themselves,  which 
has  rendered  great  service  to  art  and  lite- 
rature, and  its  affairs  have  been  conducted 
in  the  most  popular  and  prudent  manner. 
One  general  meeting  has  been  held  an> 
nually  in  the  Parthenon,  in  the  open  air, 
and  all  the  world  has  been  free  to  attend. 

The  excavations  already  made  have  been 
very  successful,  and  reflect  great  credit  on 
the  committee  of  management.  The  en- 
trance to  the  Acropolis  has  been  cleared, 
and  all  the  ruins  and  rubbish  which  en- 
cumbered the  centre  of  the  propyleum 


have  been  removed.  All  the  modem 
buildings  have  been  taken  down  which 
blocked  up  the  northern  wing,  and  the 
pinakotheke  is  now  completely  laid  open. 
A  considerable  portion  of  the  cella  of  the 
Erechtheium  has  been  re<constructed,  by 
replacing  the  ancient  blocks  which  had 
fallen,  and  a  sixth  caryatide  has  been 
found,  so  that  the  little  portico  might  be 
restored,  except  for  the  one  in  the  Bcitisli 
Museum. 

But  the  most  important  labour  of  the 
Society  is  the  clearing  the  basement  of 
the  Parthenon,  and  the  restoimtioa  of 
those  parts  of  the  building  which  were 
uninjured,  to  the  original  plioea.  The 
northern  side  has  been  completely  deared 
from  the  earth  and  rubbish  which  eofored 
the  fragments  of  the  temple,  wldeh  now 
remain  exposed  to  view  in  mined  nugeaty. 
A  well  preserved  metope,  three  more 
pieces  of  the  frieze,  and  several  fragments 
of  sculpture  from  different  parte  of  the 
temple  have  been  found — amongst  the 
rest  a  colossal  owl,  about  whose  position 
the  Athenian  antiquaries  have  expressed 
a  multitude  of  opinions.  The  old  mosqiie 
in  the  centre  of  the  Parthenon  has  cos* 
appeared,  but  it  was  not  removed  until 
the  fall  of  its  portico  warned  the  conser- 
vator of  antiquities  to  remove  all  tlM  frag- 
ments of  sculpture  it  contained,  and  de- 
stroy it,  lest  it  should  destroy  something 
valuable,  by  the  fall  of  its  heaTy  dome. 
The  centre  of  the  Parthenon  wonld  hare 
presented  a  very  meagre  appearanoe  after 
the  removal  of  the  mosque,  and  even  the 
general  appearance  of  the  Aoropc^  wonM 
have  lost  something  of  ita  pictnreaqne 
beauty,  had  nothing  been  done  to  OMhle 
the  eye  to  connect  the  two  masses  of 
building  which  formed  the  eastern  and 
western  fronts,  and  which  were  left  almost 
entirely  unconnected  by  the  ezi^osion  of 
the  Turkish  powder  magasine,  during  the 
last  siege  of  Athens  by  the  Venetians. 
Several  columns  in  this  interval  have  been 
almost  restored  from  the  fragments  Ibnnd 
merely  overturned  by  the  explosion  ;  34 
drums  of  columns  on  the  northern  side 
have  been  replaced  in  their  original  posi- 
tions, and  12  on  the  south  side.  Part  of 
the  wall  of  the  cella,  and  several  of  the 
large  marble  flags  of  the  pavement,  hare 
likewise  been  replaced. 

These  excavations  have  not  been  made 
on  the  principle  adopted  by  Klense,  the 
celebrated  Bavarian  architect,  who  visited 
Greece  in  1834,  in  order  to  propose  a  |daa 
for  the  restoration  of  the  Parthenon,  and 
choose  a  site  for  the  palace  of  King  Otho. 
He  seems  to  have  oeen  equally  nnfor- 
tunate  in  his  opinions  on  both  subjects. 

The  Society  adopted  a  very  different 
principle,  as  they  considered  the  plan  of 


1643.] 


Archaoloffka!  Research  in  Greece. 


523 


Mr.  Klenxe  implied  a  re-making,  not  a 
restoration,  of  the  Parthenon.  No  piece 
of  marble  has  been  replaced,  unless  in  the 
position  it  occupied  before  the  explosion 
removed  it.  The  Athenian  antiquaries 
consider  that  it  will  be  time  enough  to 
discuss  the  question,  how  far  restoration 
ought  to  be  carried,  when  all  the  frag- 
ments in  the  Acropolis  still  prostrate  have 
been  reinstated  in  their  original  positions. 

Numerous  interesting  discoveries  have 
likewise  been  made.  Part  of  a  sculptured 
friese  of  black  Eleusinian  marble  belonging 
to  the  £rechtheium  was  found  neai*  that 
building.  An  excavation  behind  the  pro- 
pylfeum  has  exposed  to  view  a  beautiful 
specimen  of  a  building  destroyed  to  make 
way  for  the  magnificent  gateway  to  the 
Acropolis,  built  by  Pericles.  Many  of 
the  sites  of  temples  and  monuments  men- 
tioned by  Pausanias  have  been  ascer- 
tained, and  the  inscription  on  the  Trojan 
horse  has  been  found  on  a  vase  in  the  po- 
sition he  mentions  that  he  read  it.  Much, 
it  is  to  be  hoped,  will  be  found,  when  it  is 
in  the  power  of  the  Society  to  clear  out 
the  southern  side  of  the  Parthenon,  as 
they  have  done  the  northern.  Only  about 
the  half  of  the  metopes  of  this  side  are  in 
the  British  Museum,  and  one  is  in  the 
Museum  of  the  Louvre,  so  that  there 
seems  every  probability  that  many  may  be 
found  covered  with  the  rubbish,  which, 
from  the  lowness  of  the  level  of  the  soil 
on  this  side,  has  accumulated  in  a  greater 
degree  than  on  the  north. 

In  the  town,  a  considerable  space  has 
been  cleared  out  round  the  tower  of  An- 
dronicus  Kyrrhestes,  or  the  Temple  of  the 
Winds,  as  it  was  formerly  called.  In 
common  conversation  it  is  now  called 
the  Temple  of  Eolus,  and  forms  an  ap» 
propriate  termination  to  one  of  the  new 
streets,  of  course  Eolus  Street.  An  ex- 
cavation was  also  made  by  the  Society 
in  the  Theatre  of  Bacchus,  and  near  it 
a  curious  statue  of  Silenus,  with  a  young 
Bacchus  sitting  on  his  shoulder,  and  hold- 
ing a  mask  in  his  hand,  was  found. 

The  Archaiological  Society  could  not 
have  accomplished  as  much  as  it  has 
already  executed,  had  it  not  received 
several  donations  from  Western  Europe  ; 
and  its  labours  would  have  been  inter- 
rupted last  year  if  his  Majesty  the  King 
of  the  Netherlands  had  not  sent  a  dona- 
tion of  300  drachmas.  A  request  was 
lately  transmitted  to  Mr.  Bracebridge, 
who  has  been  a  liberal  promoter  of  the 
cause  of  education  in  Greece,  to  attempt 
the  formation  of  a  society,  or  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  branch  of  the  Athenian 
Archaiological  Society  in  London  ;  but, 
from  no  official  authority  to  act  having 
been    forwarded  by  the    committee    of 


management,  this  was  found  to  be  dif- 
ficult. The  state  of  the  Athenian  Society 
was,  however,  communicated  to  Colonel 
Leake,  who,  with  his  usual  promptness 
and  liberality  in  aiding  the  cause  of 
Greece,  immediately  sent  the  Society  a 
subscription  of  500  drs.  (18/.) 

It  must  be  observed  that  the  archaio- 
logical commission,  charged  with  the  pub- 
lication of  the  **  Ephemeris  Archseolo* 
gik6,"  in  which  the  ancient  inscriptions 
are  printed,  is  not  a  part  of  this  Society. 
It  consists  of  persons  employed  by  go- 
vernment, though  several  members  of  the 
commission  have  been  elected  also  mem- 
bers of  the  committee  of  management  of 
the  Society,  from  possessing  the  requisite 
qualification  for  the  office  in  the  highest 
degree.  All  members  of  the  Archaiolo- 
gical Society  are,  however,  entitled  to 
receive  the  journal  of  the  commission  at 
a  moderate  price. 

Mr.  Finlay  proceeds  to  recapitulate  the 
most  remarkable  discoveries  which  have 
been  made  in  the  Greek  provinces.  An 
excavation  made  by  the  late  General  Gor- 
don at  the  Herseum,  near  Argos,  brought 
to  light  two  interesting  fragments — a  por- 
tion of  a  marble  peacock  and  a  large  frag- 
ment of  a  praefix  of  terra  cotta,  painted 
as  a  peacock's  tail.  Several  trifles  in 
terra  cotta  and  bronzes  were  likewise 
found,  and  an  extended  excavation  at  this 
place  would  probably  yield  important  re- 
sults. At  Delphi  several  fragments  of 
the  great  temple,  which  it  was  supposed 
had  entirely  disappeared,  were  accidentally 
discovered ;  a  small  temple  was  also  found, 
and  the  late  Professor  Miiller  made  an 
excavation  into  the  ancient  treasury  un- 
der the  cella  of  the  great  temple. 

A  considerable  collection  of  ancient 
statues  from  all  parts  of  Greece  has  been 
assembled  in  the  temple  of  Theseus,  se- 
veral of  them  belonging  to  the  first  school 
of  art,  and  rendering  this  little  museum, 
of  great  interest  to  antiquaries,  and  worthy 
of  a  visit  from  all  admirers  of  classic 
sculpture. 

One  of  the  most  curious  monuments  in. 
the  collection  is  the  figure  of  a  warrior  in 
low  relief,  rather  above  the  natural  sise, 
and  executed  with  a  degree  of  stiffness, 
which  shows  far  more  affinity  to  the  style 
of  the  Egina  marbles  than  to  the  Attic 
school  of  Phidias.  Its  antiquity,  and  the 
visible  traces  of  the  painting  with  which 
it  was  adorned,  give  it  great  value.  This 
curious  piece  of  sculpture  was  found  at  a 
place  ct^led  called  Velanideza,  on  the 
coast  of  Attica,  two  or  three  miles  to  the 
south  of  Araphen  (Raflna),  between  Halse 
and  Prasise,  in  the  year  1839.  An  an- 
cient demos  existed  in  this  plain,  and  near 
it  there  were  forty  or  fifty  unopened  ta« 


524 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


[Nov. 


muli,  which  had  excited  the  attention  of 
several  antiquaries.  It  is  supposed  that 
many  of  the  vases  offered  to  travellers  for 
sale,  in  1839,  were  from  Velanideza. 


OPENING   OF   THE    ROMAN    TUMULI    AT 
R0U6HAM. 

The  excavations  on  the  estate  of  P. 
Bennet,  Esq.  at  Rougham  in  Suffolk,  of 
which  we  have  already  given  some  account 
in  p.  190,  have  been  pursued,  and  Pro- 
fessor Henslow  has  communicated  so 
agreeable  a  narrative  thereof  to  the  Bury 
Post,  that  we  shall  take  leave  to  transfer  it 
nearly  entire  to  our  pages. 

The  barrow  explored  on  this  occasion 
covered  a  space  32  feet  in  diameter,  but 
was  of  low  elevation,  not  being  raised 
more  than  six  feet  above  the  general  level 
of  the  soil.  When  I  arrived  at  the  spot, 
the  workmen  had  already  dug  a  trench 
about  four  feet  wide,  directly  through  the 
middle  of  the  barrow,  and  nearly  down 
to  a  level  with  the  surface  of  the  field. 
This  trench  ranged  nearly  north-east  and 
south-west,  its  direction  being  a  little 
more  than  this  to  the  east  and  west.  Up- 
on digging  a  little  deeper,  about  the  middle 
part  of  the  trench,  we  struck  upon  some 
masonry,  and,  on  clearing  away  the  soil, 
we  laid  bare  a  sort  of  low  dome  covered 
with  a  thin  layer  of  mortar,  and  not  very 
unlike  the  top  of  a  cottager's  oven,  but  of 
larger  dimensions  and  flatter.  The  mortar 
was  spread  over  a  layer  of  pounded  brick 
about  one  inch  and  a  half  thick,  which 
had  been  reduced  to  a  coarse  powder, 
intermixed  with  small  fragments.  Under 
this  was  a  layer  of  light  brown  loamy  clay, 
which  was  probably  some  of  the  very 
brick  earth  from  which  the  bricks  had 
been  fabricated.  The  three  la]^ers  to- 
gether averaged  about  two  and  a  half  or 
three  inches  in  thickness,  and  formed 
a  crust  which  had  been  spread  over  an 
irregular  layer  of  broken  tiles  and  bricks, 
which  lay  confusedly  piled  round  the  sides 
and  over  the  top  of  a  regular  piece  of 
masonry  within  them.  Had  time  per- 
mitted, we  might  have  levelled  the  barrow, 
or  at  least  have  dug  fairly  round  the 
brickwork,  and  thus  have  exposed  it 
entirely,  before  we  proceeded  to  examine 
the  contents  ;  but,  the  public  having  been 
invited  to  attend  by  three  o'clock,  it  be- 
came impossible  for  us  to  proceed  other- 
wise than  by  immediately  penetrating  from 
above.  The  result  of  this  part  of  the  in- 
vestigation was  the  discovery  of  a  chamber 
of  brick -work,  covered  by  broad  tiles 
seventeen  inches  long,  twelve  broad,  and 
two  thick.  The  general  character  of  the 
masonry  was  the  same  as  that  which  is 
described  in  the  Archaeologia,  vol.  xxv., 
^nd  figured  at  plate  3,  by  the  late  excellent 


antiquary,  and  greatly  regretted  John 
Gage  Rokewode,  Esq.,  in  his  first  paper 
on  the  Barrows  at  Bartlow.  The  floor  of 
the  chamber  was  two  feet  two  and  a  half 
inches  from  north-east  to  south-west, 
extending  (singularly  enough)  in  the  very 
direction  of  the  trench  which  crossed  the 
barrow :  and  it  was  two  feet  one  inch 
from  north-west  to  south-east ;  so  that  it 
was  nearly  square.  The  walls  were  com- 
posed of  five  courses  of  brick-work 
cemented  by  rather  thick  layers  of  mortar. 
The  roof  was  formed  by  four  ranges  ot 
tiles  laid  horizontally,  so  that  each  range 
lapped  over  and  projected  on  every  side 
by  about  one  and  a  half  to  two  inches  more 
inwardly  than  the  one  beneath  it,  until 
the  opening  was  finally  closed  by  two 
narrow  strips  of  tile,  filUng  in  the  space 
left  in  the  last  range.  The  height  of  the 
chamber  from  the  floor  to  the  top  was 
two  feet  three  inches.  The  whole  was 
covered  by  an  additional  layer  of  four 
broad  tiles ;  and  a  b^  of  mortar  and 
clay  between  each  layer  had  received  the 
impressions  from  the  tiles  above  it  in 
a  manner  which  at  first  conveyed  a  notion 
that  they  had  been  painted.  There  may 
be  some  trifling  inaccuracies  in  this  ac- 
count of  the  masonry,  owing  to  the  some- 
what hurried  character  of  our  proceedings ; 
but  the  main  facts  are  stated  as  I  noted 
them  on  the  spot. 

On  removing  one  of  the  smaller  tiles  in 
the  upper  range,  I  had  the  satisfaction  of 
peeping  into  a  chamber,  with  its  fnmitare 
as  beautifully  arranged  as  that  in  the  one 
described  by  Mr.  Rokewode :  with  the 
unlucky  exception,  that  a  laige  glass  vase, 
owing  to  the  joint  effects  of  time  and  cor- 
ruption, had  fallen  to  pieces,  and  its  frag** 
ments  were  now  lying  towards  the  noitii 
corner,  in  a  confused  heap,  intermixed 
vrith  the  burnt  human  bones  it  had 
contained.  Upon  the  heap  was  lying  a 
beautiful  glass  lachrymatory,  slightiy  in- 
jured in  its  projecting  rim.  Everything 
else  was  entire,  and  eight  pieces  of  pottery 
appeared  still  to  retain  the  very  positions 
in  which  they  had  been  plaood  by  the 
sorrowing  friends  and  attendants  of  the 
deceased,  lb'  or  17  centuries  before. 

Let  your  readers  now,  in  imagination, 
refer  back  to  that  remote  period,  and 
fancy  they  see  the  brick  chamber  just  pre- 
pared, and  probably  projecting  at  least 
two  or  three  courses  above  the  surface  of 
the  soil,  or  possibly  entirely  built  above 
ground.  The  funeral  pyre  is  extinguished. 
The  few  fragments  of  burnt  skull,  back- 
bone, and  some  of  the  other  larger  bones, 
which  have  partially  resisted  the  intense 
violence  of  the  flames,  have  been  col- 
lected by  the  attendants,  and  carefnllir 
deposited  in  a  lai^ge   glass  vase;  which 


1843.] 


Roman  Tumult  at  Rougham^  Suffolk. 


525 


happens,  in  this  case,  to  be  remarkably 
thin.  This  vase  has  a  wide-lipped  mouth, 
five  inches  in  diameter,  and  is  furnished 
with  two  broad  ribbon-shaped  handles. 
The  few  cherished  remains  of  moriality, 
which  the  fire  has  spared,  are  brought  in 
this  vase  before  the  assembled  friends  and 
dependants  of  the  deceased,  who  weep 
over  them,  and  drop  into  the  vase  the 
glass  lachrymatory,  filled  probably  with 
some  very  precious  ointment,  rather  than 
with  their  actual  tears.  They  forget  not 
to  add  the  fee  to  be  exacted  by  the  stern 
ferryman  of  the  Styx,  in  the  shape  of  a 
coin,  which  antiquaries  would  now  call, 
**  of  second  brass.*'  Whether  this  proved 
to  be  over-pay  upon  the  present  occasion 
I  pretend  not  to  say  ;  but  I  found,  upon 
searching  among  the  bones,  a  certain 
amount  of  change  in  lieu  of  the  good  brass 
piece  which  the  careful  and  conscientious 
relatives  had  undoubtedly  deposited  with 
them.  This  change  I  find  consists  en- 
tirely of  a  black  mass  (probably  either  the 
grey  sulphuret  or  the  black  oxide  of  cop- 
per) coated  by  the  green  carbonate  of  cop- 
per. After  trying  to  make  out  something 
from  this  defaced  remnant,  first  by  help  of 
a  little  acid,  and  then  by  boring  into  it 
with  the  point  of  a  knife,  I  have  ascer- 
tained that  there  is  not  a  single  particle  of 
sound  metal  left,  and  no  hope  of  finding 
out  whose  coinage  it  was.  A  little  piece 
of  bone  has  become  firmly  cemented  to  it. 

The  relatives  aud  attendants,  having  ex- 
pressed their  sorrow  in  the  manner  which 
men  without  hope  were  once  wont  to  do, 
next  marshal  themselves  into  order,  and 
advance  towards  the  little  chamber  pre- 
pared for  the  long  sojourn  of  those  relics 
which  we  have  at  length  (Msentombed. 
The  glass  vase  is  deposited  towards  the 
north  corner;  libations  are  poured  into 
the  chamber — some,  perhaps,  upon  the 
bones — some  upon  the  floor — other  offer- 
ings are  deposited  there.  I  have  noted 
the  relative  position  of  the  several  vessels 
which  contained  these  various  offerings — 
vessels  which  had  either  been  fabricated 
expressly  for  similar  occasions,  or  else 
such  as,  having  become  sacred  by  the  use 
to  which  they  had  now  been  put,  could 
not  decently  be  appropriated  afterwards 
to  any  less  worthy  purpose,  and  were 
therefore  left  behind  in  the  tomb. 

Perhaps  a  little  stretch  of  imagination 
may  be  excused  in  one  who  has  no  pre- 
tensions to  be  considered  an  accurate 
informant  on  such  subjects,  if  I  shall  de- 
scribe the  precise  order  in  which  I  fancy 
(from  what  I  saw)  the  several  earthen- 
ware vessels  must  have  been  deposited. 
First  advances  some  one  with  a  small  jar 
about  three  inches  in  height,  resembling 
a  pickle-jar  with  a   large    mouth,   and 


slightly  bulging  in  the  middle.  Whatever 
were  the  contents  of  this  jar,  the  bearer, 
standing  towards  the  south  comer  of  the 
chamber,  now  pours  them  out,  and  leaves 
the  vessel  resting  on  its  side,  close  to  the 
glass  vase,  with  the  mouth  towards  the 
north.  Another  of  the  company,  holding 
a  similar  jar  (which  happens  to  be  a  mere 
trifle  larger)  repeats  the  same  process, 
and  leaves  this  vessel  also  with  its  mouth 
to  the  north,  and  lying  a  little  to  the 
south-east  of  the  last.  The  next  person 
bears  a  jug  or  pitcher  of  considerable  di. 
mensions,  nine  inches  deep,  bellying  out 
below,  with  a  contracted  narrow  neck, 
having  a  rim,  and  a  small  but  rather 
broad  handle.  The  contents  of  this  may 
be  wine,  or  oil,  or  milk,  or  some  mixture 
of  these,  which  is  next  poured  out,  and 
the  pitcher  is  left  a  little  to  the  south  of 
the  last,  not  resting  on  its  base,  but 
slightly  inclined  upon  its  side,  with  its 
mouth  also  directed  towards  the  north, 
just  as  we  might  suppose  a  person  would 
have  left  it  who  had  to  stoop  over  the 
wall  from  the  south,  in  order  to  deposit  it 
from  his  hand  upon  the  floor.  I  believe 
the  contents  of  this  pitcher*  to  have  been 
poured  out  as  a  libation,  notwithstanding 
that  we  found  it  as  full  of  pure,  limpid^ 
tasteless  water  as  it  could  well  be,  con- 
sistently with  the  inclined  position  in 
which  it  lay  ;  because  I  think  this  water 
must  have  been  gradually  accumulated, 
and,  as  it  were,  been  distilled,  into  the 
vessel,  owing  to  the  long  course  of  alter- 
nating periodical  changes  of  temperature 
which  must  have  penetrated  into  its  dark 
abode,  causing  moisture  from  the  super- 
incumbent earth  to  saturate  the  air  in 
the  chamber  to  di£ferent  degrees  at  dif'^ 
ferent  times.  Faraday  has  named  such  a 
cause  as  not  unlikely  to  have  operated, 
under  similar  circumstances,  at  the  Bart- 
low  barrows,  and  I  think  there  are 
reasons  for  considering  such  a  conjec- 
ture to  be  particularly  applicable  to  the 
present  example,  as  will  soon  be  shown* 
As  we  must  admit  that  the  effects  of  con- 
densation at  one  time  would  be  coun- 
teracted (to  some  extent  at  least,  if  not 
entirely)  by  evaporation  at  another,  we 
may  conceive  how  the  former  eff'ect  would 
be  peculiarly  favoured  by  narrow-necked 
bottles  beyond  the  latter.  Thus  it  is  that 
meteorologists  secure  themselves  against 
error  in  calculating  the  amount  of  rain 
which  may  have  fallen  by  giving  their  rain- 
gauges  narrow  necks.     When  once  our 

*  The  vessel  was  not  a  pitcher,  but  a 
hottle  of  the  usual  Roman  form.  This  wiU 
satisfactorily  explain  the  professor's  sug- 
gestion concerning  the  mode  in  which  i( 
became  filled  with  lipoid. 


626 


Aniiquarian  JReiearchei, 


[Nov. 


narrow-necked  libation  jog  had  been  filled, 
it  might  occasionally  waste  a  little,  but 
would  soon  again  be  replenished  and 
overflow. 

The  next  of  the  depositors  in  our  pro- 
cession bears  a  jug  of  the  same  descrip- 
tion and  form  as  the  last  mentioned,  only 
of  considerably  smaller  dimensions,  being 
not  more  than  six  inches  high.  Haying 
emptied  it,  he  places  it  immediately 
behind  the  other :  that  is  to  say,  a  little 
to  the  south-west  of  it.  This  jug  or 
pitcher  was  perfectly  empty  when  I  raised 
it;  and,  as  it  may  very  reasonably  be 
thought  necessary  for  me  to  show  cause 
why  it  was  not  found  full  of  water  like 
the  last,  I  shall  readily  do  so.  The  de- 
positor had  been  so  careful  that  its  con- 
tents should  be  thoroughly  drained  out  of 
it,  that  he  had  left  it  standing  with  its 
mouth  do?mwards .  I  think  we  cannot  ad* 
mit  that  it  had,  by  any  mysterious  opera* 
tion,  been  made  to  take  a  half  somerset, 
and  so  to  rest  in  a  directly  reverse  posi- 
tion from  that  in  which  it  had  been  origi- 
nally placed  in  the  chamber.  This  posi- 
tion then  was  sufficiently  unfavourable  for 
allowing  any  accumulation  of  water  to 
take  place  in  the  jug,  but  it  is  one  which 
may  be  considered  not  a  little  important 
to  our  argument  in  support  of  the  notion 
that  the  contents  of  the  other  jug  had  also 
been  poured  out  before  it  was  Idft  in  the 
oblique  position  in  which  we  found  it. 

The  next  who  advances  bears  an  earthen 
plate  or  patera,  and  places  it  immediately 
to  the  south  of  the  last  jug,  nearly  in  the 
south  angle  of  the  chamber.  What  this 
patera  contained  may  be  difficult  to  decide, 
but  there  were  two  small  fragments  of  or- 
namented bone  lying  in  it,  and  a  few  frag- 
ments of  carbonaceous  matter.  Either 
the  same  person  (as  I  incline  to  suppose), 
or  some  one  else,  then  deposits  a  vessel, 
called  a  simpulum,*  shaped  like  a  large  tea- 
cup without  a  handle,  or  still  more  like 
our  coarse  earthenware  porringers.  Whe- 
ther from  there  not  being  sufficient  room 
left  between  the  patera  and  the  wall,  or, 
as  I  conjecture,  with  the  intention  of  al- 
lowing the  contents  of  this  vessel  also  to 
drain  out  of  it,  it  is  tilted  with  one  part  of 
the  base  resting  against  the  south-west 
wall,  placed  immediately  to  the  west  of 
the  patera.  Some  one  with  another  pa- 
tera advances  and  places  it  in  the  open 
space  towards  the  west  corner ;  and  the 

*  The  term  simpulum  may  be  very  du- 
biously applied  to  a  cup  of  this  descrip- 
tion ;  a  Roman  wine  cup.  The  simpulum 
was  probably  the  vessel  which  contained 
the  wine  or  precious  liquid,  and  is  said  to 
be  so  called  **  a  sumendo  quod  eo  vinum 
sumpserunt  minutatim. '  *  This  is  the  defi- 
nition of  Yarro  citedby  our  lexicographers* 


same  person  or  another  alio  placet  ano- 
ther simpulum  to  the  west  of  it,  and  he 
also  tilts  it  against  the  wall  exactly  as  had 
been  done  in  the  former  case. 

From  a  consideration  then  of  what  I 
saw  and  noted  on  the  spot,  it  now  ap- 
pears to  me  exceedingly  probable  that 
these  depositors  had  proceeded  to  the 
tomb  in  couples  ;  the  first  two  with  their 
little  jars,  the  next  two  with  the  jags»  the 
two  following  with  their  patera  and  the 
simpula  upon  them.  It  ijiould  seem  alio 
that  they  approached  from  Uie  •ontb*  at 
least  that  they  stood  to  the  south  of  the 
chamber,  poured  out  Uieir  oiaringB,  and 
deposited  their  vessels  in  gegcearion,  mtii 
the  space  lying  between  the  i^aaa  ▼lae  ia 
the  north  angle,  and  the  oppoaito  angle  im. 
the  south,  was  fully  occa|»ied ;  end  thai 
the  last  depositor  was  obliged  to  j^ece  hif 
two  vessds  more  to  the  wretL,  Theie 
were  a  few  lumps  of  oarbonacaoaa  matteri 
and  a  piece  or  two  of  iron  in  the  eatfe 
comer,  possibly  the  remaina  of  lome 
wooden  box  or  vessel,  like  thoae  Botioed 
by  Mr.  Rokewode ;  or  posaibly  they  an 
indications  of  some  persons  in  (he  pro* 
cession  having  borne  and  deposited  sprigs 
of  some  plant — such  as  myrUe,  when  it 
could  be  had  $  or  box  {at  I  have  seen  ik 
perfectly  preserved  at  Bartlow,  and  from 
Chesterford),  or  oak,  when  no  nearer  ap- 
proximation to  an  evergreen  oonld  be  ob* 
tained. 

But  the  tomb  must  not  yet  be  closedy 
before  the  careful  director  of  the  fonend 
ceremonies  has  seen  the  lighted  lamp 
placed  in  it.  Modern  science  now  teachee 
us  how  shortly  it  must  have  oonanmed 
whatever  of  oxygen  there  might  have  been 
in  the  narrow  precincts  it  haa  so  long  oc- 
cupied, and  how  soon  it  muat  have  began 
to  smoke  out  its  unsavoury  odoun,  now 
no  longer  disgusting  to  the  individnil 
whose  spirit  it  was  intended  to  lighten  on 
his  fancied  descent  to  Hades.  An  iron 
rod  ten  inches  in  length  had  been  already 
driven  firmly  into  the  south-west  wall, 
between  the  two  uppermost  oonraea  of 
bricks,  and  not  far  from  the  aonth  corner. 
This  was  directed  so  as  to  stretch  onfe 
toward  the  centre  of  the  chamber,  and 
from  its  extremity  another  iron  rod  five 
inches  long  is  depending  vertically,  and 
to  the  bottom  of  this  is  attached  an  open 
iron  lamp,  of  rather  small  dimensions, 
with  its  lip  towards  the  north.*  Thia  lamp 
still  contains  a  lump  of  carbonaoeone 
matter,  which  has  evidently  once  been  an 
element  of  the  wick.  The  iron  haa  be- 
come so  much  rusted  into  one  continnone 
mass,  that  a  hasty  examination  has  not 
been  sufficient  to  enable  me  to  say  how  the 

*  Both  rods  were  twisted  ornamentgUf 
Uke  A  British  torqueis. 


1843.] 


Roman  Tumuli  at  Boupham,  Suffolk. 


527 


several  parts  of  tlilB  apparatus  were  con- 
nected together.  A  similar  excnse  must 
plead  for  any  possible  error  in  my  not  hav- 
ing correctly  decyphered  the  names  or 
symbols  of  the  worthy  potters  who  have 
stamped  them  on  the  several  paterse  and 
simpula  of  hard  red  smooth  earthenware, 
of  whose  manufacture  they  were  doubtless 
deservedly  proud.  In  my  present  igno- 
rance, then,  I  can  only  say  that  these 
l^ends  appeared  to  me  to  read  as  follows 
(Ist)  Win ;  (2d)  MICCIO.  I. ;  (3rd) 
ALBVCI ;  (4th)  ILLIOMPIA. 

You  alluded  some  little  time  ago  to 
certain  remains  which  had  been  found  in 
another  barrow  near  the  one  which  was 
opened  yesterday.  Alas,  for  the  ignorance 
or  the  cupidity  of  the  workmen  who  broke 
into  it !  A  large  iron  lamp  ;  a  very  large 
and  solid  glass  jar,  well  filled  with  bones  ; 
and  some  remarkable  hollow  bricks  with 
holes,  were  all  that  Mr.  Bennet  was  able 
to  rescue. 


To  the  above  we  can  add,  that  a  few 
days  subsequent  to  the  operations  de- 
scribed by  Professor  Henslow,  we  had  the 
opportunity  of  visiting  the  spot,  and  by 
the  hospitality  and  courtesy  of  P.  Bennet, 
esq.  the  gratification  of  viewing  the  dif- 
ferent articles  found  in  the  tumuli,  which 
have  been  described  with  interesting 
minuteness  by  Professor  Henslow.  The 
potters'  marks  impressed  on  the  paterte  of 
fine  red  ware  might  be  read  Miccio  F.  i.  e, 
FECIT,  and  ALBUci,contractedly  for  *'Al- 

BUCI  MANU,"or  *'  EX  OPFICINA  AlBUCI  :** 

the  other  legends  arc  at  present  very  un- 
certain. Rougham  is  a  beautiful  sylvan 
hamlet  lying  a  short  distance  south  of  the 
high  road  from  Bury  St  Edmund's  to 
Ipswich,  tiirough  Woolpit.  The  Roman 
tumuli  at  Rougham  are  four  in  number, 
and  are  close  to  the  eastern  side  of  a 
country  lane,  the  direction  of  which  is 
nearly  north  and  south.  I  need  not  point 
out  how  precisely  with  the'Roman  custom 
of  placing  tombs  such  a  way-side  locality 
corresponds.  The  lane  itself  is  therefore 
a  vestige  of  Roman  occupation,  yet  a 
mere  vicinal  or  rural  communication  with 
greater  lines  of  Roman  way  which  traverse 
the  Icenian  district.  Indications  of  Ro- 
man occupation  about  Bury  are  very  nu- 
merous and  decided ;  the  Icenian  territory 
had  been  probably  colonized  in  the  earliest 
periods  of  Roman  domination  in  Britain. 
Vestiges  of  a  camp  are  spoken  of  at  Cock- 
field,  and  of  extensive  earth  works  at 
Woolpit.  The  northernmost  of  the  four 
tumuU  at  Rougham  is  distinguished  at 
Easlow  or  Eastlow  Hill.  The  country 
people  give  the  word  a  broad  accent,  and 
call  it  Aisc'low,  The  word  low  enters 
into  compositioQ  of  many  of  our  Anglo- 


Saxon  names  of  places  distinguished  by 
Roman  barrows,  as  Bart/oter,  JAmlota, 
Bl&ckloWy  &c.*  The  larger  tumulus  riset 
about  twelve  feet  above  the  surface  of  the 
natural  soil,  and  is  about  100  feet  in 
diameter;  some  95  years  since  a  small 
portion  of  its  west  side  was  cut  away,  and 
the  tradition  of  the  country  is  that  sevextd 
human  bones,  a  sword,  and  a  spur  were 
then  found;  such  statements  are  generally 
substantially  if  not  circumstantially  cor« 
rect.  This  tumulus  is  now  overgrown  with 
hasle  and  hawthorn  bushes.  The  next 
tumulus  southward  of  what  I  shall  call  the 
East-low  was  opened  in  July  (as  described 
in  p.  190^  :  it  contained,  in  a  chamber  of 
brick,  a  noble  square  cinerary  urn  of 
greenish  glass  with  reeded  handle,  the 
calcined  ashes  of  a  corpse,  and  an  iron 
lamp,  with  an  ornamental  projection  at 
the  back  of  the  light,  shaped  somewhat 
like  a  fig  leaf ;  this  lamp  or  cresset  de- 
pended from  two  iron  rods  linked  to- 
gether, one  of  which  had  been  driven  into 
the  wall,  and  formed  a  right-angle  with 
the  second  iron  rod  ;  the  lamp  itself  was 
doubtless  of  polished  steel,  of  which  the 
metallic  splendour  reflected  the  rays  of 
light.  The  third  tumulus  was  that  ex- 
plored by  Mr.  Henslow ;  we  found  it  to 
be  50  feet  in  diameter,  and  five  feet  high ; 
the  sepulchral  chamber  which  it  covered 
contained  a  cinerary  urn  of  amphora  formal 
and  of  very  thin  glass,  and  other  numerous 
articles  deposited  with  its  sacred  contents. 
Mr.  Henslow,  we  think  rightly,  concludes 
that  the  contents  of  the  vessels  had  been 
poured  out  in  libation ;  nothing,  mdeed, 
can  be  more  consonant  with  the  practice 
of  the  ancients  than  these  infusions. 

**  Postquam   collapsi  dneres  et  flasuBS 

quievit, 
Reliquias  vino  et  bibnlam  lavere  faviUam^ 
Ossaque  lecta  cado  texit— — .'' 

The  sides  of  the  cinerary  urn  of  Mr. 
Henslow's  excavation  gave  testimony  of 
the  former  presence  of  rich  liquids.  The 
narrow  house  at  Rougham,  conse<»rated 
with  its  contents  to  the  Manes,  was 
after  such  libations  closed — not,  It  ap- 
pears, for  ever,  —  and  crowned  **  in- 
genti  mole,*'  with  that  enduring  heap  of 
soil  and  green  sward  which  still  pointed, 
through  the  obliviscity  of  sixteen  hundred 
centuries,  to  a  Roman  grave!  What 
might  the  ghost  of  the  defunct  feel,  could 
he  be  conscious  that  his  calcined  ashes 
were  to  be  called  up  within  a  few  days,  to 
give  their  aid  to  a  charitable  collection  at 
a  fashionable  bazaar.f    Hamlet's  reAec- 

*  Low,  Saxon  Heap,  a  hillock  or  mound. 

f  The  contents  of    the  Tumulus    at 

Rougham  have,  since  we  made  the  above 


Antiguarian  Reiearcha, 


[Nov. 


tioni  OD  the  (uhes  of  "  imperial  Ckibt,'' 
were  more  deeply  drawn  than  "  the  many" 
might  imagine. 

The  articles  in  the  tombs  at  Rongham 
bore  itrong  resemhhince  Co  those  diacO' 
Tered  at  the  Bartlow  Hills,  hy  the  then 
Mr,  Giige,  the  late|reipected  director  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries.  The  pottery  ve 
did  not  think  qnite  so  old  aa  that  of  Bart- 
low. We  sDggesCed  wheaatRougbamthat 
theae  tnmnli  were  family  aepnlchres,  and 
that  ■  Roman  dwelling  cauld  not  be  far 
off.  The  neit  morning,  in  a  field,  ocen- 
pied  by  Mr.  Lerett,  about  two  hundred 
and  fifty  yaida  south  east  of  the  tnmnli, 
tbe  plough  struck  on  some  vestigeB  of 
boildings.  About  the  middle  of  the  field 
we  ouraelres  obserred  the  plain  remains 
of  a  Roman  floor,  constructed  of  a  stra- 
tum of  pounded  tile  and  mortar,  and 
■  stratum  of  fine  white  calcareons  stucco 
oa  the  surface.  I  should  add  in  con- 
clnaioD,  that  tbe  fburth  tumulus  was 
opened;  it  had  probably  been  hefore  dis- 
turbed; iu  it  were  found  numerous 
fragments  of  uros,  their  external  snr- 
bces  coloured  black,  and  retaining  many 
portions  of  caldned  human  bone. 

A.  J.  K. 


At  the  monthly  meeting  of  the  Egyp- 
tian Society,  held  at  Cairo  on  the  astb  a' 
July,  Dr,  Lepsiua  gave  some  account  0 
the  researchea  made  by  the  Prussian  Ei 
pedition.and  ailcrwards  offered  some  high!; 
interesting  obserrations  on  the  mode  o 
conatrncting  the  Pyramids.  Having  eiui< 
werated  the  many  theories  that  had  been 
adranced  oonceroing  the  objecti  and  the 
construction  of  IhcBe  vast  monumenta,  he 
stated  that  he  considered  the  fact  estab. 
lished,  ttat  their  object  waa  aimply  to 
mark  the  places  of  tumbs,  and  he  then 
proceeded  to  explain  to  the  meeting  the 
manner  in  which  they  were  constructed, 
ihewing,  as  tbe  father  of  history  has  re- 
corded, that  tbe  growth  and  ultimate 
cuing  of  those  remarkable  atrnctures  was 
from  the  iop  dtncnvturds.  It  being  a 
custom  connected  with  the  religion  of  the 
ancient  Egyptians  to  prepare  during  life 
■n  appropriate  and  aolid  abode  for  the 
dead, — which  in  the  case  of  the  aoyereign 
«u  a.  work  of  Tast  dimension  a,— it  be- 
came necessary  so  to  conduct  it  that  it 

notes,  been eibibited,  arranged  in  a  model 
of  tbe  tomb,  at  the  Baiaar,  during  the  fair 
at  Bury  St.  Edmund's.  An  interesting 
Mmphlet  and  lithographic  drawing  by 
Frofeasor  Heuslow  accompanied  the  dia- 
plaj  of  these  reUcs,  The  profits  of  the 
rahibilion  and  the  book  have  been  de> 
Toted  to  the  Suffolk  General  Hospital. 
10 


might  be  periodically  enlarfed,  *n<I  at  tha 

same  time  (taking  into  consideration  the 
uncertainty  of  life)  that  there  should  be  n 
reasonable  hope  of  terminating  it  in  the 
prescribed  form  during  that  period.  At 
Thebes,  Biban  Elmollik,  where  the  tomba 
consist  of  chambera  excavated  in  the  rock, 
this  custom  of  preparing  and  enlarging 
the  royal  sepulchre  during  the  reign  of 
the  sorereign  is  clearly  exhibited,  for  it 
haa  been  satiafactonly  ucertained  that 
those  royal  sepulchres  which  contain  the 
greater  numbec  of  chambers  bdong  to 
Pharaoha  of  whom  it  is  known,  from 
history  and  other  evidences,  that  thej  en- 
joyed long  and  prosperoui  ingni. 

This  double  porpose  was,  in  the  case  of 
tbe  Fyramids,  sccomplished  in  the  follow. 
ing  manner.  A  building,  in  the  form  of 
three  or  more  steps,  or,  more  accnratelj 
speaking,  of  three  or  more  tnmcated 
pyramids  placed  on  each  other  (the  upper 
one  being  the  smallest),  waa  &«t  of  all 
built  over  the  excavation  or  chamber  dea- 
tined  to  receive  the  royal  mummy.  Thia 
nucleus  of  the  future  pyramid,  and  afford- 
ing convenient  apacea  or  terraces  for  ma- 
chinery and  acaffolding,  waa  graduall;  en- 
larged by,  first  of  all,  raidng  the  n|mer 
step,  then  the  next  to  the  ori^nal  lerel  of 
the  upper  one,  and  the  last  to  the  height 
of  tbe  second,  round  tbe  baie  of  which  m, 
similar  terrace  was  conatructed.  Thai 
during  oil  stages  of  the  work  the  pyra- 
midal form  waa  preserved  ;  and  there  le- 
mained  only,  to  complete  the  monnmeut 
in  the  prescribed  form,  the  filling  np  of 
tbe  interrala  between  the  iteps,  and  the 
casing  of  the  whole  with  fine  stone  ;  for 
which  last  operation,  it  may  be  preanmed, 
tbe  stones  were  prepared  dorinc  the  pro- 
gress of  the  work. 

To  explain  a  mode  of  bailding  appa,- 
rently  so  contrary  to  sound  maaoiuy,  we 
must  suppose  a  chamber  a  for  the'  tomb, 
in  or  under  the  small  pyramid  n  b  b. 


bnilt  over  it :  by  filling  up  the  anglea  of 

"■'  ■' —    — '   -Idinr  ttM  fine  amoeth 

imafl  pyramid  woald  be 


the  steps,  and  nddinr 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


angles  to  prepare  for  the  ctdDg,  another 
Itep,  of  the  Mme  beight  and  depth  ae  the 
first,  being  added  to  each  step  of  the  firat 
mentioned  pyramid,  the  outline  touching 
the  eiterior  angles  of  tbese  steps,  c  c  c, 
&G.  vould  be  parallel  to  the  outUne  of 
the  first  pTramid ;  and  so  on,  bj  con. 
thmally  adding  steps  of  the  same  section, 
the  pyramid  would  be  increased  to  any 
^e.  The  foregoing  sketch  thus  shows 
five  pyramids,  one  within  the  other.  Dr. 
Lepaiue  stated  that  he  was  indebted  to 
M  r.  J.  Wild,  architect,  for  this  suggestion ; 
and  it  agrees  with  and  eiplaina  the  ac- 
connt  given  by  Herodotus,  who  states 
that  maohines  were  placed  upon  the  steps, 
and  the  stoaes  raised  trom  one  step  to 
another. 

The  great  pyramids  of  Gizeh  are  (in 
comparison  with  many  others)  in  s  good 
state  of  preservatioD.  From  the  largest, 
little  besides  the  casing  stones  have  been 
remoTed.  In  the  second  pyramid  a  part 
of  the  casing  yet  remains.  In  these  it  is 
impossible  to  see  the  interior  constraction 
of  the  atone  work.  But  some  of  the  small 
ruined  pyramids  at  Gizeh  consist  of  serersl 
Steps,  Each  of  several  courses  of  stone- 
work in  height,  instead  of  the  usual  forra 
of  four  sides  regularly  converging  to  an 
apei  1  and  in  the  more  rained  parts  of 
these  pyramids  it  is  seen  that  the  steps 
are  formed  by  walls  bnilt  against  each 
other,  as  shown  by  the  dotted  lines  in  the 
following  sketch. 


The  masonry  of  the  pyramid*  of  Abousir 
and  Saccam  b  very  inferior  to  that  of  the 
pyramids  of  Gizeh — in  all  of  these  the 
step  constraction  is  clearly  seen,  and  also 
that  the  steps  are  separate  walls  built 
against  each  other.  The  pyramid  at 
Merdoon,  again,  eihihits  this  mode  of 
construction.  In  its  present  form  it 
rather  resembles  a  huge  square  tower,  the 
walls  of  which  are  slightly  inclined,  than 
a  pyramid  :  the  outer  layers  having  been 
mostly  leoioved,  the  core  or  centr^  part 
is  left  standing  alone.  In  short,  in  the 
eiaminationofa  great  number  of  pyramids, 
from  Gizeh  to  the  Fayoom,  Che  same 
mode  of  construction  was  found. 

The  doctor  further  explained,  in  con< 
firoetion  of  hii  views,   the  remarkable 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


disdnguished  from  alt  the  othe 
ments  of  its  class  by  a  more  rapid  incli. 
nation  of  its  sides  from  about  half  its 
height  {  which  affords  an  example,  as  the 
doctor  presumes,  of  the  premature  de- 
mise of  the  sovereign,  which  he  snpposea 
to  have  taken  place  when  the  pyramid 
had  been  finished  dmtrn  to  the  line  A, 
where  this  more  r^pid  inclination  com< 
mences,  and  that  it  was  afterwards  com. 
pleted  in  its  present  form  by  his  sncces- 
sor,  saving,  by  the  deflection  of  the  sides, 
more  than  half  the  amount  of  labonr  and 
material  it  would  have  cost  had  the  origi. 
nat  design  been  carried  out. 

It  will  be  seen,  from  the  accompaoyiai- 
drawing  of  the  pyramid  in  question,  that 


if,  contrary  to  the  JirMt  Btatemfnt  of  He- 
rodotus, and  the  cvidcuce  afTurded  by  tha 
pyramids  of  Saccara,  Meydoun,  and 
others,  we  were  to  suppose  the  lower  half 
of  this  pyramid  the  first  part  completed, 
and,  consequently,  that  it  had  been  in- 
tended to  continue  it  in  the  same  incli- 
nation to  the  apex  B,  not  only  would  It 
differ  considerably  in  its  proportions  from 
the  other  pyramids  in  its  vicinity,  but  all 
the  coaBtrucCional  advantages  afiarded  bjr 
the  steps  must  also  be  relinquished. 


We  have  been  favoured  by  Dr.  Bromet 
with  the  following  list  of  the  Qnestlooa 
submitted  to  the  Historical  Section  of  the 
ScientiBc  Congress  of  Prance,  held  thla 
year  at  Angers,  where,  he  says,  although 
so  easily  accessible  from  England,  he  was 
surprised  to  find  himself  the  only  "  aasiat- 
ing "  Englishman ;  and  agreeing  with 
him  in  opinion  that  they  may  tend  to 
illustrate  the  history  of  our  early  Plan- 
tagenet  Kings,  and  serve  possibly  as  a 
model  for  the  promotion  of  pnmncial  hii- 
torical  inquiry  in  our  literary  locietiea, 
school*,  and  univerdties,  we  are  glad  to 
avail  onraelva  of  tbia  opportnnity  to  pnb- 
Uth  tbem,  together  with  hi*  itatement  of 
3Y 


530 


Afdiquarian  Researches, 


[Nov, 


the  diacussionf  wbicli  arose  on  some  of 
them.  Dr.  Bromet  proposes  to  continue 
this  communication  by  an  account  of  the 
■eyeral  archseological  subjects  discussed 
at  Angers,  with  a  few  observations  on 
the  zealy  actiTity,  method,  and  apparent 
Intelligence  of  French  antiquaries,  espe- 
cially of  the  Society  for  the  Preservation 
of  their  Historical  Monuments,  of  which 
he  has  now  the  pleasure  of  being  a 
member. 

1.  Are  there  any  authentic  documents 
relative  to  the  first  settlement  of  foreign 
tribes  upon  the  coasts  of  Britanny  and  La 
Vendue  ? 

2.  At  what  place  was  Dumnacus  de- 
feated by  the  Romans  ? 

In  answer  to  this  question,  M.  Godard, 
the  author  of  a  modem  History  of  Anjou 
and  its  Monuments,  stated  that,  in  his 
opinion,  it  is  on  the  left  bank  of  the 
Loire,  near  the  Fonts  de  C<?,  and  about 
two  leagues  from  Angers. 

3.  What  were  the  political  results  of 
the  Roman  sway  in  Anjou  ? 

4.  Were  there  any  persons  denominated 
**  Defenseurs  des  Cit«*s  "  before  their  in- 
stitution according  to  law  ?  and,  if  so,  to 
what  period  can  we  refer  their  first  ap- 
pointment ? 

On  this  subject  M.  Taillard  of  Douai, 
in  a  speech  as  delightful  for  its  simplicity 
of  manner  as  for  its  fulness  of  informa- 
tion, showed  the  probability  that  all 
Gaulish  cities  in  the  second  and  third 
centuries  occasionally  sent  to  Rome  cer- 
tain persons  for  the  legal  defence  of  their 
several  interests,  in  the  same  way  as  the 
French  colonies  were  lately  represented  in 
France ;  and  M.  Godard,  in  corroborating 
this  opinion,  supposed  that  the  Bishops 
were  sometimes  entrusted  with  this  charge, 
the  first  Bishop  of  Angers  having  been 
called  **  Defensor." 

5.  At  what  epoch,  and  on  what  spot, 
was  Christianity  first  preached  in  Anjou  ? 
Who  were  the  Apostles  of  that  province  ? 
and  where  was  its  earliest  Christian 
Church  erected  ?  In  yrh&t  parts  and 
places  did  Paganism  endeavour  to  find 
refuge  ?  and  what  were  the  Pagan  divinities 
last  worshipped  in  Anjou  ? 

6.  When  did  Anjou  become  subject  to 
the  domination  of  the  Franks  ? 

7.  What  are  the  principal  traditions 
concerning  the  celebrated  Roland,  King 
Arthur,  the  Enchanter  Merlin,  and  Arch- 
bishop Turpin  ?  From  what  facts  did  these 
traditions  originate,  and  what  was  their 
influence  on  the  poetry  of  the  middle  ages  ? 

On  this  interesting  inquiry  our  inform- 
ant ventured  to  say,  that,  although  Arthur 
had  been  so  clothed  in  epic  romance  that 
many  doubted  whether  such  a  personage 
ever  really  existed,  he  was  of  a  contrary 


opinion,  and  quoted  the  dates  and  locali« 
ties  of  his  several  battles.  This  gave  riw 
to  a  long  conversation,  in  the  coarse  of 
which  M.  de  la  Fontenelle  of  Poitiers  said 
that  the  Arthur  of  French  Britanny  he 
considered  to  be  merely  a  fU>Qloiii8  chm- 
racter. 

8.  To  what  extent  did  the  Qermenie 
invasion  penetrate  Britanny,  and  what 
influence  therein  had  the  feelings,  cus- 
toms, and  institutions  of  Uie  Germanic 
or  Tudesque  nation?  Was  the  system 
of  feodality  developed  in  Britanny  firom  the 
same  causes,  and  under  sindlar  drcmn- 
stances,  as  in  the  rest  of  France  ? 

9.  What  were  the  conseqnences  of  that 
annexation  of  Anjou  to  the  kingdom  of 
Aquitaine  formed  by  Louis-le-Dehonniire 
and  destroyed  by  Charles •la-Chaare  ? 

10.  What  part  did  Anjon  take  in  re- 
sisting  the  irruption  of  the  Nortmanni, 
and  the  calamities  which  arose  therefrom  ? 

These  calamities,  M.  de  la  Fontenelle 
stated,  were  owing  to  the  check  given  br 
the  barbarians  to  that  civilisation  in  whi^ 
the  Angevines,  especiallyi  had  made  each 
progress. 

1 1 .  What  were  the  predse  geognphloal 
limits  of  Anjou  at  the  period  when  Comt 
Ingelger  took  upon  himself  the  gorem- 
ment  thereof? 

12.  What  were  the  feelings  with  whloh 
the  Capetian  dynasty  was  recdTed  in 
France,  especially  in  Anjon  f 

In  answer  to  this  it  was  observed,  that^ 
previous  to  this  dynasty,  true  French  loy- 
alty (nationality)  had  not  come  into  ex- 
istence; Charlemagne  and  his  descendants 
having  been  always  considered  strangers, 
whether  as  to  their  blood,  their  birthplace, 
their  language,  or  manners. 

13.  What  part  did  Aigon  take  in  the 
conquest  of  England  1^  William  the 
Bastard? 

It  was  shown  that  both  Aiqou  and 
Poitou  took  a  decided  part  in  this  events 
which  led  to  some  ooservations  on  the 
Battle- Abbey-Roll,  and  several  names 
therein,  especially  that  of  Taillebois,  an 
Angevine,  and  the  supposed  ancestor  of 
the  famous  English  commander  Talbot. 

14.  What  were  the  political  relations  of 
Anjon  with  its  neighbouring  provinces 
under  its  Counts  Foulques  Nerra  tad 
Geoffroy  Martel  ? 

15.  What  advantages  did  A^jon  derira 
from  the  marriages  of  its  Counts  who 
succeeded  Ingelger? 

16.  Who  were  the  principal  promoteri 
of  the  Crusades  in  the  western  province! 
of  France  ? 

17.  What  part  did  Ai^'ou  take  in  the 
wars  between  the  houses  of  Blois  and 
Montfort  ? 

18.  What   effect   on  Aqoa   had    the 


1843.] 


Antiquarian  Researches, 


531 


French  expeditions  under  its  Dukes  into 
Italy? 

19.  What  were  the  causes  which  pre- 
Teuted  the  English  from  more  perma* 
e  ntly  establishing  themselves  in  France^ 
notwithstanding  that  they  gained  all  the 
great  battles  there  fought  in  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteenth  centuries  ? 

This  subject  being  of  such  general  in- 
terest, was  referred  from  the  Historical 
Section  to  be  discussed  at  the  General 
Congress.  It  produced  the  display  of 
much  reading  and  judgment,  as  well  as 
some  beautiful  and  impassioned  oratory. 
It  was  treated,  howeyer,  without  any  of 
the  now  prevailing  prejudices  of  la  jeune 
France ''  against  the  English,  but  which, 
Dr.  Bromet  testifies,  has  not  yet  contami- 
nated the  le«imed  and  scientific  classes  in 
FrancCi  most  of  whom  still  retain  the 
finely  polished  manners  of  its  ancient 
noblesse,  and  from  which  rank,  indeed, 
several  of  the  gentlemen  he  met  at  An- 
gers have  issued.  The  solution  of  this 
question  was  as  much  attributed  to  the 
pure  patriotism  (nationality)  of  the  French 
people,  and  the  deep  chivaMc  feeling  of 
the  French  nobility,  as  to  the  exacting 
cruelties  of  the  English  during  their  occu- 
pation of  France,  and  the  want  of  unity 
even  then  existing  among  the  English  no- 
bility, on  account  of  their  different  Saxon 
and  Norman  descents. 

20.  Upon  what  undoubted  facts  may 
we  assert  that  Jeanne  d'Arc  rescued  the 
kingdom  of  France  ? 

This  question  was  also  discussed  at  the 
general  meeting,  when  it  was  held  by  M. 
Goguel  of  Strasbourg,  in  a  speech  of  great 
moral  beauty  and  sentiment,  that  Divine 
inspiration  done  could  have  granted  power 
to  a  simple  and  virtuous  foreigner,  as  the 
heroine  of  Orleans,  he  contended,  was,  to 
produce  the  immense  effect  which  she 
did — the  learned  orator  strongly  repro- 
bating the  apathy  of  the  French  king  and 
nobility,  not  endeavouring  to  defend  her, 
(although  she  had  become  a  prisoner,) 
^om  the  foul  accusations  and  cruelty  in- 
flicted on  her  by  the  English. 

21 .  At  what  period  was  the  art  of  print- 
ing introduced  into  Anjou,  and  what  his- 
torical details  exist  upon  this  subject  ? 

From  a  short  paper  read  on  this  subject, 
and  the  conversation  thereon,  I  learnt  that 
the  earliest  production  of  the  Angevine 
press  was  a.d.  1476. 

22.  What  were  the  classes  of  society  in 
those  provinces  bordering  on  the  Loire, 
which  embraced  with  greatest  zeal  the 
doctrines  of  the  Protestant  reformation  ? 

23.  What  sbai:e  had  political  feeling  in 
bringing  about  the  massacre  of  the  Pro* 
testants  on  St.  Bartholomew's  day  ? 

It  was  the  confirmed  opinion  on  this  sub- 


ject that  religions  seal,  to  which  this  horri- 
ble  transaction  has  been  generally  attri- 
buted, had  but  little  share  in  its  production. 

24.  What  were  the  chief  causes  of  the 
destruction  of  the  Ligue  in  Anjou,  and 
especially  what  influence  had  the  marriage 
of  Cesar  of  Yenddme  with  the  daughter 
of  the  Duke  of  Mercoeur  ? 

25.  To  what  can  we  attribute  the  num- 
ber and  the  importance  of  the  events 
which  occurred  near  the  banks  of  the 
Loire  from  the  time  of  Philippe  de  Valoia 
to  that  of  Louis  XIV.  ? 

26.  What  is  the  present  historical 
value  of  the  works  of  Bemier  the  Ange- 
vine traveller  of  the  17th  century  ? 

27.  What  influence  had  the  laws  and 
usages  of  Britanny  on  the  establishment 
of  ancient  maritime  regulations,  and  espe- 
cially on  those  of  Oleron,  which  were  so 
generally  adopted  in  the  Middle  Ages  ? 

28.  What  were  the  ancient  limits  of  the 
territory  of  Anjou,  if  estimated  by  the 
extent  of  its  principal  jurisdictions,  and 
more  especially  by  the  influence  of  its 
laws  and  customs  in  the  latter  centuries, 
and  at  the  period  which  preceded  the  re- 
organisation of  tribunals  ? 

29.  What  effect  had  the  establishment 
of  Parliaments  in  France  upon  its  other 
institutions  ? 

The  early  Parliaments  of  France,  M. 
Goguel  stated,  had  a  strong  despotic  feel- 
ing, and  took  but  little  care  of  the  rights 
and  interests  of  the  lower  orders. 

30.  What  were  the  general  benefits 
and  ameliorations  produced  by  the  Pro- 
vincial States,  **  les  Etats  provinciaux,'* 
from  the  reign  of  Louis  XI.  to  the  French 
Revolution  ? 

31.  What  were  the  monastic  orders 
established  in  the  Archbishopric  of  Tours, 
and  in  that  portion  of  the  Diocese  of 
Poitiers  which  belonged  to  Anjou  ?  In. 
what  manner  did  they  severally  aid  the 
developement  of  civilisation  f 

It  was  here  stated  by  the  keeper  of  the 
archives  of  the  Department  (M.  Marche- 
gay)  that  several  charters  prove  the  im- 
portant services  of  the  monks  in  further- 
ing general  civilisation,  and  that  many  of 
the  Benedictines  were  learned  in  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  and  surgery. 

32.  In  what  dioceses  of  France  and 
England  did  the  abbeys  situated  in  Anjou 
possess  priories  and  other  dependencies  i 
and  what  were  the  alien  abbeys  which  haa 
possessions  in  Anjou  ? 

33.  Whst  were  the  dependencies  of  the 
abbey  of  Fontevrault  in  the  different 
dioceses  of  France,  England,  and  Spain  ? 
In  what  archives  and  other  public  or  pri- 
vate depositories,  foreign  to  Anjou,  may 
be  found  any  title  deeds  or  other  doou* 
ments  relative  to  Fontevrault? 


532 


Jniiquarlan  Researches, 


[Nov. 


34.  What  was  the  conduct  of  the  Clergy 
in  former  times  towards  the  various  classes 
of  Serfs  ? 

35.  What  was  the  influence  of  Univer- 
sities on  the  political  and  religious  affairs 
of  Europe,  and  the  progress  of  literature 
and  of  science,  from  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury Co  the  reign  of  Louis  XIV,  ? 

36.  About  what  period  was  the  verna- 
cular language  first  used  in  the  public 
acts  of  the  Western  Provinces  bordering 
on  the  Loire  ?  What  are  the  character- 
istic peculiarities  of  the  dialect  of  those 
provinces,  and  in  what  does  it  differ  from, 
or  approach  to  the  "  langue  <f  Oi7,"  and 
the  **  langue  d^Oc^*^  properly  so  called  ? 

In  Anjou,  M.  Marchegay  stated  that  the 
French  language  was  used  as  early  as 
A.D.  1060 ;  but  that  in  charters  of  the 
middle  of  France  it  is  seldom  found  pre- 
viously to  the  twelfth  or  thirteenth  centu- 
ries. 

37.  What  influence  had  the  writings  of 
the  authors  of  Anjou  and  its  neighbour- 
ing provinces,  particularly  of  Touraine, 
and  the  country  about  Orleans,  Blois, 
Venddme,  and  Chartres,  on  the  French 
language  and  literature  of  the  fifteenth 
and  sixteenth  centuries  ? 

38.  What  are  the  most  interesting 
works  in  the  vulgar  tongue,  that  were 
composed  in  those  districts  before  the 
fifteenth  century  ? 

39.  What  were  the  works  and  the 
names  of  Angevine  artists,  who  distin- 
guished themselves  in  Anjou  or  else* 
where,  in  architecture,  sculpture,  paint- 
ing, and  engraving ;  or  of  those,  who, 
being  natives  of  some  other  country,  ex- 
ercised their  talent  in  Anjou  ? 

40.  W^hat  were  the  usages  and  customs 
peculiar  to  the  several  corporations  of 
arts  and  trades  in  Anjou,  and  the  other 
provinces  subject  to  the  Generality  (pro- 
vincial jurisdiction)  of  Tours  ? 

41.  In  what  relative  proportion,  pre- 
vious to  A.D.  1789,  did  the  different  classes 
of  society  contribute  to  the  expenses  of 
the  state  ;  and  what  was  the  nature  of  their 
contributions,  and  the  mode  of  levying 
them  ? 

42.  What,  before  the  year  1789,  was 
the  condition  of  a  province,  as  to  its 
political,  civil,  judicial,  and  financial  or- 
ganisation ?  What  power  did  its  several 
authorities  possess,  and  what  were  the 
several  relations  existing  between  them  ? 

43.  To  what  extent,  previous  to  a.d. 
1789,  did  any  democratic  tendency  exist 
among  the  municipalities,  consulates,  and 
the  wardenships,  of  the  different  com- 
panies of  tradesmen  and  manufacturers  ? 

44.  Upon  what  plan,  according  to  the 
present  state  of  knowledge,  should  any 


particular  history  be  written?  In  what 
way  should  we  direct  our  studies  when 
about  to  describe  any  province,  town, 
institution,  family,  public  establishment, 
or  monument  ?  What  are  the  qualities 
which  each  of  such  monographic  works 
require  ?  What  are  the  best  models  for 
such  works,  and  what  their  several  per« 
fections  and  deficiencies  ? 


CITY   EXCAYATIONB. 

{Continued  from p,  417.) 

St,  PauVs  Church  Far<f .  — EzcsTatioii 
for  sewerage  commencing  at  the  south 
side,  and  extending  in  a  westnly  direction 
to  the  spot  where  the  operations  in  Jnly 
1841  terminated,  (of  which  a  notice  ap» 
peared  in  Gent.  Mag.  Sept. — ^Nor.  1841.) 
The  remains  discovered  on  the  present 
occasion  have  not  been  so  distinguished, 
either  in  variety  or  interest,  as  those  ot 
the  former,  and  which  presented  in  their 
detail  so  remarkable  a  coincidence  with 
the  discoveries  of  Sir  C.  Wren  when  ex* 
cavatingfor  the  foundation  of  the  cathedral* 
This  difference  may  in  some  measure  be 
owing  to  the  plan  adopted  in  the  present 
operation,  of  excavating  short  lengths, 
and  tunnelling  the  intermediate  spaces. 

At  a  depth  of  10  or  12  feet  from  the 
surface  human  remains  in  considerable 
quantity  have  been  found,  also  a  hone  pin 
about  3  inches  long,  the  head  ezhibitmg 
a  singularly  grotesque  representation  of  a 
human  face,  probably  an  ancient  shroud 
pin  of  which  several  varieties  in  bone, 
ebony,  and  ivory,  were  found  on  the 
former  occasion.  At  the  usual  depth  a 
few  fragments  of  Roman  pottery  presented 
themselves,  chiefly  of  the  red  or  Samian 
ware,  one  with  the  impress  of  ''CIRRVS 
FEC,"  another  "OF  RVFI.*»  On  the 
west  side,  among  other  fragments  of  the 
same  beautiful  ware,  was  found  the  greater 
portion  of  a  circular  dish  about  6§  inc. 
diameter,  exhibiting  upon  the  rim  the 
well-known  pattern  of  the  lotus  leaf;  also 
a  small  earthenware  vessel,  apparently  a 
crucible.  Among  the  coins  found  during 
the  progress  of  the  work,  and  which  are 
mostly  in  a  very  corroded  state,  are  two  of 
Faustina,  a  Hadrian,  several  of  Constantine, 
one  of  Crispus  bearing  the  London  "  mint- 
mark  "  PLON,  and  Severus  Alexander 
(plated),  also  several  abbey  counters  and 
tradesmen's  tokens ;  among  the  latter 
are  John  Martine,  at  the  Red  Grose,  at 
Gow  Grose,  1666,  and  Frances  Brightham, 
in  Gharter  House  Lane. 

In  the  Times  of  23  Sept.  appeared  a 
paragraph  headed  ''  A  Peat  Bed  under  St. 
Paul's,''  stating  that  in  the  excavations  in 
St.  Paul's  Ghurch  Yard  a  peat  bed  ha4 


1843.] 


Jntiquarian  Researches. 


533 


been  discoyered  about  13  feet  down,  and 
4^  in  thickness.  This,  like  many  other 
newspaper  paragraphs  on  antiquarian 
matters,  savours  somewhat  too  much  of 
the  marvellous.  The  stratum  in  question 
(which  was  found  at  the  west  side)  ap- 
peared to  me  to  denote  nothing  more  than 
the  exuviae  of  a  stable,  and  its  great  depth, 
perhaps,  merely  indicates  that  in  ancient 
times  there  was  a  pit  here  used  for  the 
purpose  of  depositing  such  (at  that  period, 
perhaps,)  valueless  matter.  This  opinion 
is,  I  think,  strengthened  by  the  discovery 
therein  of  several  horseshoes  of  ancient 
and  curious  form.  We  have  indisputable 
evidence  of  the  frequent  desecration  of  the 
cathedral  itself  for  the  purpose  of  a  horse 
market.  An  act  of  Common  Council 
passed  in  the  reign  of  Philip  and  Mary 
forbids  the  *^  leading  of  mules,  horses,  and 
other  beasts  through  the  cathedral,'' 
under  certain  penalties,  one  moiety  to  be 
given  to  Christ*s  Hospital,  the  other  to 
the  informer.  (Munday's  Stow.)  It  will 
be  remembered  also  that  Shakspere  makes 
Falstaff  triumphantly  boast  of  having 
bought  his  horse  '*at  Paul's/'  It  is, 
therefore,  not  too  much  to  suppose  that 
in  ancient  times  a  laystall  may  have 
existed  in  this  corner  of  the  churchyard. 

On  the  north  side  the  progress  of  the 
excavation  has  been  much  impeded  by  the 
numerous  and  massive  fragments  of  sculp- 
tured masonry,  the  relics,  doubtless,  of 
the  ancient  cathedral.  Some  of  them, 
portions  of  richly  carved  muUions  and 
clustered  columns,  exhibiting  in  several 
instances  the  traces  of  intense  fire.  These 
ruins  are  apparently  of  Caen  stone,  and 
were  found  scattered  about  and  mingled 
with  brick  and  other  rubbish  within  a  few 
feet  of  the  present  surface.  At  a  depth 
of  17  feet  in  front  of  the  house  No.  75,  I 
observed  a  thick  wall  of  Kentish  rag, 
apparently  running  north  and  south, 
through  which  the  workmen  were  tun- 
nelling. It  is  supposed  to  be  a  foundation 
wall  of  the  old  cathedral,  but  from  its 
situation  is  perhaps  more  probably  assign- 
able to  some  other  ancient  edifice,  of  which 
Stow  enumerates  several  as  formerly 
occupying  the  north  side  of  St.  Paul's 
Church  Yard. 

Lothbury, — In  digging  the  foundation 
of  premises  adjoining  those  of  Jones, 
Lloyd,  and  Co.  we  have  had  another  illus- 
tration of  the  ancient  plan  of  building  on 
piles,  5  or  6  of  which  presented  themselves 
at  a  depth  of  about  12  feet,  penetrating 
from  5  to  6  feet.  They  were  formed  of 
oak,  and  were  quite  blackened  by  the 
boggy  stratum  in  which  they  were  em- 
bedded. From  the  ornamental  character 
of   the   workmanship    (being    curiously 


fluted),  it  is  presumed  that  they  were 
originally  destined  for  other  purposes  than 
piles.  On  the  Roman  level  occurred 
numerous  fragments  of  Samian  ware,  some 
of  large  size  and  curiously  figured,  one 
bearing  the  stamp  of  "  CACAS.  M,"  a 
terra  cotta  lamp,  two  coins,  Vespasian  and 
Nero,  (second  brass,)  a  leather  sandal, 
reticulated,  and  a  number  of  leather  soles 
of  various  sizes,  studded  with  large-headed 
nails,  (or  rather  the  remains  of  them.) 
Those  which  fell  under  my  observation  in 
this  case,  as  well  in  others  I  have  met 
with  under  similar  circumstances  in  various 
pai'ts  of  the  city,  exhibit  the  same  ap- 
pearance as  to  shape  as  those  of  modern 
times  ;  and  thus,  although  perhaps  a 
thousand  years  and  more  may  have  rolled 
over  them,  we  have  evidence  that  the 
Roman  denizens  of  Londinium  were 
equally  punctilious  with  ourselves  in  the 
due  observance  of  "  rights  and  lefts." 
Similar  relics  were  found  in  excavating 
the  site  of  the  Royal  Exchange,  as  appears 
by  a  paper  in  the  Archseologia,  vol.  xxix. 
by  Mr.  C.  R.  Smith,  in  which  the  writer 
quotes  passages  from  Juvenal  and  Pliny 
in  illustration  of  the  practice  of  profusely 
inserting  nails  in  the  sandal  soles.  Their 
preservation  appears  to  be  owing  to  the 
peculiar  moist  character  of  the  soil,  for 
when  dry  they  lose  their  elasticity,  and 
become  very  brittle. 

Moor  gate  Street, — In  excavating  the 
ground  lately  occupied  by  the  premises  of 
Messrs.  Oakey,  several  ancient  bone  skaiet 
have  been  discovered  embedded  in  the 
black  mud  which  so  characterises  this 
neighbourhood.  This  is  not  the  first 
instance  of  the  kind  on  record ;  one  found 
near  Finsbury  Circus  was  exhibited  to  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  18  Feb.  1841,  by 
Mr.  C.  R.  Smith,  accompanied  by  a  paper 
of  considerable  research,  containing  a 
quotation  from  the  Tract  of  Fitz- Stephen, 
(temp.  Hen.  II.)  describing  the  amuse- 
ments of  the  citizens  upon  the  ice  at  the 
great  marsh  (or  '*  Moorish  lake  "  as  Stow 
renders  the  word,)  at  the  north  wall  of  the 
city.  '*  Cum  est  congelata  palus  ilia 
magna  quse  moenia  urbis  aquilonalia  alluit" 
These  bones  are  supposed  to  be  the 
**  tibiee  "  of  the  horse,  and  are  perforated 
at  each  end  for  the  purpose  of  securing  to 
the /oo^,  in  the  manner  described  by  Htz- 
Stephen. 

For  an  incipient  skater  they  certainly 
possess  an  immense  advantage  over  the 
modem  skate,  than  which,  perhaps,  a 
more  ingenious  and  elegant  contrivance 
for  breaking  the  necks  and  dislocating  the 
limbs  of  the  uninitiated,  could  not  have 
been  devised.  £.  B.  P. 


534 

HISTORICAL   CHRONICLE. 


FOREIGN  NEWS. 


INDIA. 

The  East  India  Company's  steam-fri- 
gate the  Memnon  was  wrecked  on  the 
African  coast,  on  August  1 ;  the  mails 
and  cargo  were  lost,  but  the  passengers 
and  crew  were  saved,  and  have  arrived  by 
the  Oriental. — It  appears  that  the  party 
that  lately  moved  out  against  Shere  Ma- 
homed, in  Scinde,  suffered  severely  from 
the  extreme  heat  of  the  sun,  as  did  also 
those  that  remained  at  Hyderabad.  The 
enemy  were  still  unsubdued,  and  hovered 
about  in  a  threatening  attitude. 

CHINA. 

Captain  Malcolm  has  brought  home  the 
treaty  between  this  country  and  the  Em- 
peror of  China,  the  ratifications  of  which 
were  exchanged  on  June  23,  on  the  island 
of  Hong-Kong.  The  new  system  of 
trade  was  to  commence  at  Canton,  on 
July  27,  and  from  that  day  the  Hong 
merchants'  monopoly  would  cease.  The 
other  four  ports  which  according  to  the 
treaty  are  to  be  resorted  to  by  British 
vessels,  could  not  be  declared  open  until 
an  edict  to  that  effect  should  be  received 
from  the  Cabinet  of  Pekin.  The  edict 
was  expected  at  Canton  in  September ; 
and  in  the  mean  time  preparations  to  that 
effect  would  be  made.  The  new  tariff 
has  been  adjusted  on  the  most  favourable 
terms  to  the  English  merchants,  and  an 
extensive  trade  is  expected.  Hong- 
Kong  is  now  a  British  colony,  Sir  H. 
Pottinger  being  the  governor.  The  chief 
town  is  named  Victoria,  and  it  is  pro- 
posed to  be  fortified. 

GREECE. 

A  revolution  was  peaceably  effected  at 
Athens  on  the  3d  Sept.  The  Greeks 
have  re-instated  their  former  free  mode 
of  Government,  of  which  they  ought 
never  to  have  been  deprived.  King  Otho 
consented  to  dismiss  his  Bavarian  Minis- 
ters) and  to  re-establish  the  National 
Assembly.  He  took  the  oath  of  fidelity 
to  the  country  and  the  constitutional 
throne,  and  convoked  the  National  As- 
sembly to  countersign  the  ordinance  and 
carry  it  into  execution.  All  classes 
united  together  as  one  man  in  bringing 
about  this  bloodless  revolution. 

ITALY. 

'  Troubles  continue  in  the  Papal  States. 
A  conspiracy,  which  was  in  the  fii*st  in- 
stance  extensive,  was  discovered  without 
being  crushed :  and  so  many  respectable 
citizens  were  compromised  tW  the  num^ 


her  who  fled  have  become,  after  the 
fashion  of  Italy  500  years  ago,  rati  tAon- 
ditu  Failing  at  Bologna,  they  made  at- 
tempts at  Ravenna,  at  Imohi,  at  Ancoiu^ 
and,  though  defeated  by  the  Roman  po- 
lice, they  are  still  able  to  keep  the  moon- 
tains,  infest  the  roads,  and  defy  the 
troops  of  his  Holiness  to  cqitara  or  eup- 
press  them. 

TUBKET. 

An  important  measure  has  been  enc- 
cessfully  carried  into  execution  by  the 
Turkish  Government.  The  two  earp9 
d'armie,  each  of  about  30,000  men,  were 
assembled  at  Scutari,  in  Asia,  and  Daont 
Pacha,  in  Europe,  and  firmans  were  read 
to  them,  whereby  not  only  was  the  period 
of  military  service  regulated,  but  toe  mi- 
litia was  in  a  body  incorporated  into  the 
troops  of  the  line!  The  whole  went  off 
as  quietly  as  any  common  review,  and 
the  soldiers  were  merely  propitiiited  by 
rejoicings. 

HATTI. 

A  revolution  has  taken  place  in  Hayti. 
The  whole  party  is  composed  of  the 
blacks  and  mulattoes,  and  it  seems  to  be  m 
struggle  for  supremacv  between  the  two 
grades  of  colour.  The  insurgents  are 
headed  by  a  Judge  Solomon  and  hia  two 
sons.  They  occupy  the  top  of  a  hill  near 
Aux  Cayes,  and  are  surrounded  by  a 
large  body  of  government  troops,  who  are 
waiting  the  arrival  of  Genend  Laiara 
from  Jeremie,  with  a  reinforcement;  he 
is  commander  in  chief  of  this  division, 
and  is  said  to  be  a  man  of  enei|[y  and  ta- 
lent. The  city  is  under  martial  law ;  and 
continual  skirmishing  takes  place  between 
the  belligerents.  On  the  9th  of  August 
a  battle  was  fought  near  Aux  Cayes, 
which  resulted  in  the  defeat  of  the  rebels} 
who  had  150  killed  and  a  large  number 
wounded.  The  patriotism  of  General 
Lazara  was  questioned  bv  the  mulattoeSy 
he  being  black;  but,  if  be  should  prove 
true  to  the  cause  of  the  patriots,  the 
rebels  would  undoubtedly  be  obliged  to 
capitulate. 

JAMAICA. 

A  dreadful  fire  broke  out  accidentally, 
in  the  western  part  of  Kingston,  near 
the  furnace-room  of  James's  foundry, 
about  noon  on  the  26th  of  August ;  passed 
to  a  timber-yard,  and,  fanned  by  a  sea- 
breeze,  spread  from  house  to  house  and 
street  to  street,  until  checked  by  the  land- 
breeze  at  night.  The  change,  however, 
turned  the  course  of  the  flames,   and 


]  843.]  Domestic  Oeeurrences.  535 

threatened  a  new  part — the  commercial  to  aid  in  extinguishing  it ;  the  Black  po- 
part of  the  town — with  destruction,  pulation  being  accused  of  apathy.  The 
Happily,  all  wind  subsided  at  midnight ;  destruction  of  property  was  great ;  400 
and  at  daybreak  the  fire  was  mastered,  houses  were  burned  down,  and  the  loss  is 
Several  naval  detachments  were  called  out  roughly  calculated  at  350,000/. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 

The  political  agitation  of  Ireland  having  the  16th  Sept. — The  Due  de  Bordeaux, 

been  greatly  aggravated  and  increased  by  only  son  of  the  late  Due  de  Berri,  and 

the    recent  meetings  held  for  the  pro-  who  bears  with  the  French  legitimatists 

motion  of  a  Repeal  of  the  Union,   the  the  title  of  King  Henry  V.  arrived  at 

Government  have  at  length  taken  mea-  Hull  on  the  I3th  Oct.     He  travels  under 

sures  to  stop  them.  the  title  of  Count  Chambord. 

One  of  these '*  monster-meetings"  was  The  Cathedral  Churches  qf  Wales.-^ 
to  have  taken  place  on  Sunday,  Oct,  8,  at  The  Act  lately  passed  for  regulating  the 
Clontarf^  in  the  vicinity  of  Dublin.  Some  cathedral  churches  of  Wales  provides  as 
five  hundred  '*  sympathizers ''  from  Liver-  follows  : — 1 .  Extends  Sand  4  Vic.  c.  1 13, 
pool  were  expected  to  attend,  and  the  and  4  and  5  Vic.  c.  39,  to  the  dioceses 
mob  was  to  have  been  marshalled  into  a  and  cathedral  churches  of  St.  Asaph  and 
semblance  of  military  array.  Suddenly  Bangor.  2.  In  each  of  the  cathedrals  of 
the  Lord  Lieutenant  and  the  Lord  Chan-  St.  Asaph,  Bangor,  and  Llandaff,  there 
cellor  returned  to  Dublin,  and  called  a  shall  be  two  canons  residentiary,  under 
Privy  Council.  A  Proclamation  against  the  patronage  of  the  respective  Bishops* 
the  Clontarf  Repeal  meeting  was  put  3.  Llandaff  and  Whitchurch  to  be  distinct 
forth  on  Saturday  afternoon.  O'Connell  benefices.  4.  Incomes  of  deans  and 
immediately  summoned  the  members  of  canons  to  be  paid  out  of  the  commoB 
the  Repeal  Association,  told  them  that  he  fund.  5.  A  canonical  house  to  be  pro- 
should  not  act  against  the  Proclamation,  vided  at  St.  Asaph,  Bangor,  and  Llandaff, 
issued  a  counter-manifesto  of  his  own  to  and  a  house  of  residence  for  the  Dean  of 
that  effect,  and  decided  that  the  Clontarf  Llandaff.  6.  The  dean  or  one  of  the 
meeting  should  not  be  held.  The  Queen's  canons  to  be  always  in  residence.  7.  The 
ministers  followed  up  their  Proclamation  archdeaconries  to  be  separated  from  bi« 
by  issuing  warrants  against  Mr.  O'  Con-  shoprics.  8.  Treasurer  of  Queen  Anne'^ 
nell  and  eight  other  leading  Repealers  on  "Boxmiy  to  pay  over  proceeds  of  suspended 
the  charge  of  conspiracy  and  other  mis-  canonries,  &c.  to  the  Ecclesiastical  Com. 
demeanors.  The  parties  accused  are  but  missioners  for  England, 
nine  in  number,  Daniel  O'Connell,  John  Improvement  qf  lAverpooL'^Jn  all  pro* 
OTonnell,  Richard  Barrett  (proprietor  bability,  ever  since  Liverpool  was  a  town, 
of  the  Pilot),  T.  M.  Ray,  Secretary  of  there  never  was  more  building  in  progress 
the  Repeal  Association,  Thomas  Steele,  than  there  is  at  present.  The  new  houses 
and  Dr.  Gray  (proprietor  of  the  Freeman's  are  estimated  at  one  thousand,  which  are 
Journal),  Rev.  Peter  J.  Tyrrell,  Rev.  J.  now  in  course  of  erection,  or  have  been 
Tierney,  and  Charles  (javan  Duffy  (pro-  built  during  the  last  six  or  eight  months, 
prietor  of  the  Nation).  The  three  last-  Many  of  these  houses  are  suitable  for 
named  gentlemen  are  charged  as  members  persons  in  the  middle  ranks,  but  the  ma- 
of  the  Repeal  Association  only ;  the  six  jority  decidedly  consist  of  cottages.  Those 
others  as  members  of  the  Association,  and  of  the  latter  description  now  in  the  course 
also  with  attending  at  Mullaghmast,  where  of  erection  are  all  built  according  to  ike 
the  reporter  employed  by  the  Government  act  of  parliament,  and,  when  formed  into 
attended  for  the  first  time.  All  the  courts,  they  have  pretty  ample  space  in 
accused  have  been  admitted  to  baU,  them-  front,  with  two  good  entrances,  which 
selves  in  500/.  and  two  sureties  200A  each,  will  always  seeure  a  thorough  ventilation^ 

Oct.  1.     The  Grand  Duke  Michael  of  so  long  needed  in  houses  of  this  descrip* 

Russia,  brother  to  the  Emperor,  arrived  tion  in  the  town.     The  preseift  impolsa 

in  London  from  Rotterdam.  On  Tuesday  in  building  has  been  principidly  caused  by 

the  3d  he  went  on  a  visit  to  Her  Majesty  at  the  recent  act  of  parliament  prohibiting 

Windsor.     A  grand  banquet  took  place  in  cellars,  which  are  too  small,  or  otherwise 

the  Waterloo  Gallery.     He  quitted  the  unfit  to  live  in,  from  being  the  dweUing 

castle  on   Friday ;   and  has  since  been  places  of  the  poor.     This  is  a  materiu 

visiting  the  most  remarkable  objects  of  and  beneficial  change.    During  the  same 

interest  in  this  country. — The  Queen  has  period,  about  a  &ien  fine  wardiouses 

also  been  visited  by  her  half-sister,  the  have  been  erected  in  the  north  end  of  the 

Princess  of  Hohenlohe  Langenburg,  who  town  alone,  exclusive  of  those  erected  on 

arrived  with  her  husbfuid  at  Frogmore  on  the  site  of  the  great  fire  in  Formby-street 


536 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Gazette  Promotions. 

Sept.  22.  Unattached,  brevet  Major  J.  Swin- 
bum,  from  the  32(1  Foot,  to  be  Major. 

Sept.  27.  Major-Gen.  Sir  Charles  Felix  Smith, 
and  Major-Genera]  Richard  England,  to  be 
Knin^hts  Commanders  of  the  liath.— Lieut .- 
Colonels  Gore  Browne  and  Joseph  Simmons, 
4l8t  Foot ;  Majors  A.  P.  S.  Wilkinson  and 
Hamlet  Wade,  ISth  Lifi^ht  Inf.  ;  Major  George 
Ho^rth,  26th  Foot ;  and  Lieut.-Col.  George 
Hmsh,  26th  Bengal  N.  Inf.  to  be  Companions 
of  said  Order. 

S^t.  28.    Henry  William  Macaulay,  esq.  to 
be  Commissioner,  and  Charles  Pettingal,  esq. 
Arbitrator,  on  the  part  of  Her  Majesty,  to  the 
Mixed  British  and  Portuguese  Commission,  to 
be  established  at  the  island  of  Boa  Vista,  in 
the  Cape  Venls,  under  the  treaty  concluded  at 
Lisbon,  on  the  Sd  July,  1842,  between  Great 
Britain  and  Portugal,  for  the  suppression  of 
slave-trade.— John  Thomas,  esq.  to  be  Com- 
missioner, and  Charles  Francis  Fynes  Clinton, 
esq.  Arbitrator,  on  the  part  of  Her  .Majesty,  to 
the  Mixed  Briti.sh  and  Portuguese  Commis- 
sion,  to  be  established  under  the  same  treaty, 
at  the  city  of  Loanda,  in  the  provinceof  An- 
gola.—Arthur  Richard  Hamilton,  esq.  (in  the 
room  of  James  Fitzjauies,  esq.  deceased,)  to  be 
Arbitrator,  on  the  part  of  Her  Majesty,  to  the 
Mixed  British  ana  Portuguese  Commission, 
established  at  Jamaica,  under  the  same  treaty. 
Sept.  29.  64th  Foot,  Capt.  G.  Duberley  to  be 
Mf^jor.— Brevet,  Capt.  C.  Moore,  32d  Foot,  to 
be  Major.— 2d  regiment  of  Bucks  Yeomanry 
Cavalry,  T.  T.  Bernard,  esq.  to  be  Lieut.-Col. ; 
G.  Lucas,  esq.  to  be  Migor.— Jacob  Fletcher 
Ramsden,  of  Peel  Hall  and  Denton,  co.  lim- 
caster^  and  of  Bradbury,  co.  Chester,  gent,  (in 
compliance  with  the  will  of  his  late  reputed 
father  Ellis  Fletcher,  of  Clifton  in  Eccles,  co. 
Lane.  esq.  deceased),  to  drop  the  surname  of 
Ramsden,  and  take  and  use  the  surname  and 
arms  of  Fletcher  only,  with  the  usual  distinc- 
tions of  illegitimacy. 

Oct.  7.  The  Rt.  Hon.  Tlios.  Frankland  Lewis, 
the  Hon.  Robert  Henry  Clive,  and  William 
Cripps.  esq.  to  be  Commissioners  for  inquir- 
ing into  the  present  state  of  the  laws  as  ad- 
ministered in  South  Waleii,  which  regulate  the 
turnpike  roads  ;  and  also  into  the  circum- 
stances which  have  led  to  the  recent  acts  of 
violence  and  outrage  in  certain  districts  in  that 
country.  George  Kettilby  Rickards,  esq.  to 
be  Secretary  to  the  said  Commission. 

Oct.  9.  James  Pcnnethorne,  esq.  to  be  Ck)m- 
missioner  for  making  a  special  inquiry  into 
the  execution  of  tlie  original  contracts  for 
building  certain  of  the  Union  Workhouses  in 
Ireland. 

Oct.  10.  Elizabeth  Marchioness  of  Douro  to 
be  one  of  the  Ladies  of  the  Bedchamber  in 
Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty,  in  the  room  of  Char- 
lotte Duchess  of  Norfolk,  resigned ;  Charlotte 
Duchess  of  Norfolk  to  be  Extra  Lady  of  the 
Bedchamber  to  Her  Majesty. 

Oct.  12.  Royal  Artillery,  Mtnor-Gen.  Sir  T. 
Downham,  K.C.H.  to  be  (jolonel  Commandant. 
Oct.  16.  George  Hartland-Perkins  (hereto- 
fore George  Hartland),  of  Aston  Ingham,  co. 
Hereford,  gent,  to  take  the  name  or  Perkins, 
in  lieu  of  Hartland,  in  compliance  with  the 
will  of  George  Perkins,  late  ox  the  Oaks,  in  the 
said  parish,  gent,  deceased. 

Oct.  20.  9lst.  Foot,  Capt.  J.  F.  G.  Campbell 
to  be  Major.— Brevet  J  Capt.  James  Burke, 
77th  Foot,  to  be  Major  in  the  army. 

n 


Naval  Promotions. 
Commanders,  N.  Fowell,  to  the  Mohawk  in 
the  lakes  of  Canada :  Hon.  H.  Flnnket.  to 
the  Stromboli ;  G.  G.  Barton,  to  the  me- 
tiers. 


Member  returned  to  serve  in  Parliameni, 
London,— Junea  Fattlson,  esq. 


Ecclesiastical  PREFEKinNTS. 
Right  Rev.  Aubrey  G.  Spencer.  (Bisbop  of 

Newfoundland,)  to  the  Bishopric  of  Jamsica 

and  the  Bahama  Isles. 
Rev.  T.  Rushton,  to  the  Archdeaconry  ofMan- 

chester. 
Rev.  T.  Dale  to  be  Canon  of  St.  Paul's. 
Rev.  S.  Coates,  to  be  Preb.  of  York. 
Rev.  W.  Alder,  White  NoUey  V.  Essex. 
Rev.  G.  Arthur,  Rowington  V.  Wanr. 

S^^-  i:  %?5f »  ^™*  ^*«*»°  R-  Hants. 

Rev.  H.  W .  Beauchamp,  Langley  P.  C.  Norf. 

Rev.  R,  Belaney,  AriingtonV!  Snssei;. 

Rev.  R.  Cobb.  EUingham  R.  Norfolk. 

Rev.  J.  Cumberiege,  Egginton  P.  C.  Beds. 

Rev.  J.  Currie,  Chnstdiurch  ^oss  Side  P.  C 
Manchester. 

Rev.  H.  J.  Uaubeny,  Tewin  R.  Hertf. 

Rev.  C.  P.  Eden.  St.  Mary-the-Vinrin  V.  Orf. 

Rev.  W.  Elliot,  St.  Nicholas  P.  C.  ^kmcester. 

Rev.  T.  D.  Evans,  Glascorne  V.  Badn. 

Rev.  J.  G.  Fawcett,  Warthill  V.  Yorkshire. 

Rev.  G.  L.  Fenton,  Littleshall  V.  Salop. 

Rev.  R.  Fitzgerald,  Halstock  P.  a  Som. 

Rev.  T.  M*Gill,  St.  John  the  EyanreUat's  P.  GL 
Liverpool.  ^^ 

Rev.  J.  Hazel,  Nettlebed  and  P^shiU  R.  R. 
Oxfordshire.  ^^ 

Rev.  C.  Hebert,  Lechdale  V.  Clone. 

Rev.  L.  W.  Jeffrey,  Ashton-on-Riblde  P.  €L 
Lancashire. 

Rev.  W.  C.  King,  St.  Mary-le-Bow  R.  Dorfaam. 
Rev.  E.  R.  Larder,  Trinity  Cbureh  P.  C.  Lonfth. 
Rev.  G.  E.  lArken,  Brotherton  V.  Yorksh. 
Rev.  C.  J.  May,  St.  Geoi^ge-in-tbe-East  B.  Ja. 

maica. 
Rev.  C.  Mackey,  Scremerston  P.  C.  Dnrham. 
Rev.  F.  W.  Martin  Wykeham,  Chalcombe  V. 

Northamptonshire. 
Rev.  C.  P.  Miles,  St.  Jude's  P.  C.  Glaseow. 
Rev.  R.  C.  Moore,  Talk-o'-th-Hill  PrcTStaff. 
Rev.  S.  Newhall,  Tunstall  P.  C.  Staff. 
Rev.  C.  H.  Potter,  Gadsden  R.  Cnmberiaiid. 
5*^*  A;  W.  Radcliffe,  North  Newnton  V.  WUts. 
Rev.  E.  Richardson,  Trinity  Charch  P.  C. 

Lowth. 
Rev.  E.  N.  Rolfe,  Town  Bamingham  R.  Norf. 
Rev.  J.  W.  Scott,  BattiscombeR.  Dorset. 
Rev.  H.  Sims,  Stoke  Ferry  P.  C.  Norfolk. 
R«v.  W.  Taylor,  Child's  ErcaU  P.  C.  Salop. 
Rev.  R.  C.  Thompson,  Trinity  Chuck  P.  C. 

Giggleswick,  Yorksh. 
Rev.  J,  Tinkler,  Landbeach  R  Camb. 
Rev.  E.  TrolIope,Leasingham  R  line. 
Rev.  A.  Turner,  Whitchurch  V.  Bocks. 
Rev.  J .  Watts,  Bicester  V.  Oxf. 
Rev.  W.  T.  Woodcock,  Wethersloch  P.  C.  West- 
morland. 


Chaplains. 
Rev.  Dr.  Croly,  to  Mr.  Sheriff  Moon. 
Rev.  J.  Fletcher,  to  the  Earl  of  Plymouth. 
Rev.  Dr.  Vivian,  to  Mr.  Sheriff  Musgrw. 


1848.] 


PrefermeniSn^Births, 


#37 


Civil  PmBFXBMENTS. 


Mr.  Alderman  Magnay  to  be  Lord  Mayor  of 

London. 
Wm.  Hughes  Hufipbes,  esq.  to  be  Alderman  of 

Bread-street  \^m,  vice  Lawrence,  declared 

not  elected  by  a  scrutiny. 
Thomas  Cballi&  esq.  elected  Alderman  of  Crip- 

pICArate  Wara. 
Bev.  w.  PreBmve,M.A.  to  be  Head  Master  of 

Sevenoaks  urammar  ScbooL 
Sev.  G.  C  Eowden,  B.C.L.  to  be  Master  of  the 

Diocesan  School*  Southampton* 

BIRTHS. 

Sept.  11.  At  Sandy  Brook.  Derb.  the  wife  of 
the  Key.  Alleyne  ntz-Herbert,  M.A.  a  son. 

15.  At  the  Hague,  the  Princess  of  Orani^, 

a  son. 21.  At  Harrow-on- the-Hill,  the  wife 

of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wordsworth,  a  son. 26. 

At  Lanj^ton  Lodge,  Blandford,  Mrs.  Henry 

Portman,  a  dau. 28.  At  Bromley,  the  lady 

of  Sir  George  Simpson,  a  dau. At  Brighton, 

the  wife  of  Charles  Wager  Watson,  esq.  a  dau. 

SO.  At  Totterton  House,  Salop,  the  wife  of 

the  Eev.  John  Brirfit.  a  son  and  heir. ^At 

Dover,  the  wife  of  Hooert  Richardson,  esq.  a 
son  and  heir. 

Lcddy,  In  Chesham-st.  Ladj  Marcus  Hill,  a 

dau. At  Brighton,  lady  Rivers,  a  dau. 

In  Norfolk,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Sanderson,  a  dau. 

^The  wife  of  Sir  Hervev  Bruce,  a  son  and 

]ieir. At  Cheltenham,  tne  Hon.  Mrs.  Lau- 
rence Shawe,  a  dau. At  South  Cerney 

House,  Glouc.  the  wife  of  J.  L.  Brett,  esq.  of 

Ocle-court,  Heref.  a  son. At  Dover,  Mrs. 

Mrs.  E.  P.  Mainwaring,  a  son  and  heir. ^The 

wife  ot  J.  A.  Arbuthnot,  esq,  a  dau. At 

Winchester,  the  lady  of  Sir  Wm.  Heathcote, 

Bart,  a  son. At  Glevering,  the  Hon.  Mrs. 

Vanneck,  a  dau. At  Brighton,  the  wife  of 

Charles  Morgan,  esq.  M.P.  a  dau. At  Sid- 

monton  Court,  tne  wife  of  Capt.  Moore,  a  son 

and  heir. At  Bowden  HaU,  Gloucestersh. 

the  wife  of  C.  Brooke  Hunt,  esq.  a  son. At 

Weymouth,  the  wife  of  T.  Davis  Bayly,  Barris- 

ter-at-Law,  a  dau. At  Bertholey  House, 

Monmouthsh.  the  seat  of  her  father,  Colthurst 
Bateman,  esq.  the  wife  of  J.  G.  Palairet,  esq. 

a  dau. 

Oct.  1.  At  Hampstead,  the  wife  of  Arch- 
deacon Hollingwortn,  ason. 6.  At  Bverton, 

Lane,  the  wife  of  John  Hammill,  esq.  Barris- 

ter-at-Law. 11.  In  Park-cresc.  the  lady  of 

the  Hon.  Baron  Alderson,  a  dau. 

MARRIAGES. 

July  18.  At  Hartford,  the  Rev.  Daniel  Vaw- 
drey.  M.A.  late  Fellow  of  Braeenose  coll.  Ox- 
ford, and  Rector  of  Stepney,  Middlesex,  to 
Christian-Anne,  only  dau.  of  R.  P.  Hadfield, 
esq.  of  Winnington,  Northwick,  Cheshire. 

Jidy  14.  At  Plymouth,  Samuel  White  Hen- 
nah,  esq.  Capt.  4th  Madras  Light  Cav.  to  Mar- 
garet, youngest  dau.  of  Henry  Bull  Strang- 
ways,  esq.  m  Sbapwick,  Somerset. 

July  26.  At  Landour,  East  Indies.  W.  O. 
Bell,  esq.  to  Mary- Anne,  only  dan.  of  the  late 
F.  H.  Stanhope,  esq.  of  Devonsh. 

July  27.  At  Madras.  Capt.  Jasper  Higrinson 
Bell,  H.  C.  Eng.  to  Eliza^  third  dau.  of  the  late 
William  Damsnt,  esq.  of  Kensington-sq. 

Aug,^\.  At  Gloucester,  the  Rev.  Octavins 
Freire  Owen,  M.A.  Incumbent  of  Stratton  And- 
ley,  Oxfordsh.  youngest  son  of  the  late  Rev. 
Dr.  Owen,  Rector  of  St.  Olave,  Hart-st.  Lon- 
don, to  Emily,  second  dau.  of  William  Mon- 
tague, esq.  of  Constitution  House.  Gloucester. 

Aug.  29.  The  Hon.  Francis  Charteris,  son 
of  Lord  Elcho,  grandson  of  the  Earl  of  Wemyss 
and  March,  and  M.P.  fbr  East  Oloacester- 
Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


shire,  to  Lady  Anne-Frederica  Anson,  second 
dau.  of  the  Earl  of  Lichfield. 

Aug.  30.  At  Holme,  on  Spalding  Moor,  York- 
shire, the  Rev.  Hen.  Hunter  Hughes,  B.D.  late 
Fellow  and  Tutor  of  St.  John's  Coll.  Cambridge. 
Rector  of  Layham,  Suffolk,  to  Louisa,  second 
dau.  of  the  late  T.  Yate,  esq.  of  Madeley  Hall, 

Salop. At  St.  George's,  Bloomsbury,  Georape 

Stansfeld  Marshall,  esq.  of  Denmark  HiU, 
secondson  of  Sir  Chapman  Marshall,  to  Emma- 
Eliza,  second  dau.  of  Jeremiah  Pilcher,  esq. 

Sheriff  of  London  and  Middlesex. At  Speld- 

hurst,  Kent,  David  Scott  Smith,  esq.  of  Devon- 
shire-st.  Portland-pl.  to  Amelia,  eldest  sur- 
viving dau.  of  the  late  Dr.  James  Hare,  iun.  of 
Calderhall,  N.B. 

Au^.  31.  At  St.  Leonard's-on-Sea,  William 
Brodrick,  esq.  of  St.  Leonard's,  son  of  the  late 
William  Brodrick,  esq.  of  L4ncoln's-inn,  to 
Marianne,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  H.  Browne, 

esq.  of  Diss,  Norfolk. At  Alford,  the  Rev. 

Augustus  Otway  FitzGerald,  Rector  of  Fled- 
borough,  Notts,  youngest  son  of  Vice-Adm. 
Sir  ELobert  Lewis  FitzGerald,  K.C.H.,  to  The- 
resa, eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  J.  Gale  Thring, 

of  Alford  House,  Som. At  Hackney,  (Jhas. 

Chapman,  esq.  eldest  son  of  the  late  Lieut. 
Chapman,  R.N.  to  Louisa,  second  dau.  of 
Lieut.  John  Finlayson,  R.N. 

Latelv.  In  Canada,  Sir  Wm.  Smith,  of  Ear- 
diston  House,  Worcester.  Bart,  to  Susan,  dau. 
ot  Sir  William  George  Parker,  Bart,  late  of 
Sutton  House,  Plymouth. Capt.  R.  F.  Stop- 
ford,  R.N.  to  Emily,  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  Wil- 

braham,  R.N. Lynal  Thomas,    esq.    to  I  ^ 

Blanche,  dau.  of  Capt.  Marryat,  R.N. At  J 

Bray,  Berksh.  Jeston  Homfray,  esq.  third  son 
of  the  late  Sir  Jere  Homfray,  of  LandsiT  House, 
Glamorgansh.  to  Amelia-Isabella,  eldest  daUk 
of  Sir  Francis  Desanges. 

Sept.  1.  At  Sunning  Hill,  Capt.  Sir  Thomas 
Bourchier.  K.C.B.  to  Jane- Barbara,  eldest  dau. 
ot  Adm.  Sir  Edward  Codrington,  G.C.B. 

Sept.  2.  At  Marylebone,  Harry  Brown,  eldr 
est  son  of  the  late  James  Wilkinson,  esq.  of 
Malta,  to  Augusta-Etheldreda,  third  dau.  of 
William  Mark,  esq.  late  Her  Majesty's  Consul 

for  Granada,  Spain. ^At  St.  George's,  Han- 

over-sq.  Neill  Malcolm,  esq.  of  PoltaUoch,  Ar- 

fyllsh.  to  Louisa,  youngest  dau.  of  Evelyn 
ohn  Shirley,  esq.  of  Eatington-park,  War- 
wickshire. 

Sept.  4.  At  Tomona,  Roscommon,  Wm.  M. 
O'Meara,  esq.  of  Dublin,  to  Jane,  dau.  of  the 
late  Hyacinth  O'Rourke,  esq.  of  Caringaboy, 
Sligo,  and  grand-dan.  of  the  late  James  Taaffee, 

esq.  of  Brook  Lawn,  Mayo ^At  Shenlev* 

Henry  Wood,  fourth  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  A. 
Gabb.  Rector  of  Shirenewton,  Monmouthshire, 
to  Mary-Sophia,  eldest  dau.  of  J.  T.  Secretan, 
esq.  of  Rowley  Green,  Herts. 

Sept.  5.  At  Fttlham,  John  Nelson,  esq.  of 
Glocester-pl.  Portman-sq.  to  Matilda,  dau.  of 
the  late  C.  J.  Hector,  esq.  M.P.  for  Petersfield. 

^At  Oulton,  Norfolk,  the  Rev.  Stephen  A. 

Cooke,  A.B.  to  Louisa- Jane,  third  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Pitman,  of  Oulton  HaU,  Norfolk. 

^At  Berated,  Sussex,  Richard  Henry  Strong, 

esq.  to  Mary-Bulkeley,  dau.  of  the  late  Com^ 
Gen.  Butler.  — At  Kingerby,  Line,  the  Ben 
John  T.  C.  Fawcett.  M.A.  of  Kildwick,  Craven, 
Torksh.  to  AnnspMaria,  second  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Stockdale,  Vicar  of  that  parish. 

At  Edinburgh,  George,  second  and  only 

surviving  son  of  the  late  Major-General  Sir 
George  Leith,  Bart,  to  Eleanor,  second  dan.  of 

John  Ferrier,  esq.  of  York-pl. At  Croom, 

the  Rev.  John  Beaver  Webb,  Rector  at  Dun- 
derrow,  Cork,  to  Maria-Susan,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Robert  Maxwell,  esq.  and  sister  to 
the  Hiirh  Sheriff  of  Limerick.— At  Stonehouse^ 
Kenn^  Macaulay,  esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Aulay  Macaulay; 

3  2 


538 


Marriages, 


INov^ 


Vicar  of  Rothley,  Leicestersh.  to  Harriet- 
Priscilla,  only  dau.  of  the  late  William  Wooll- 

combe,  esq.  M  D  of  Plymouth. At  Halifax, 

Frederick  William,  second  son  of  the  late 
James  Edward  .N  orris,  esq.  of  Savile  Hall,  to 
Frances  dau.  of  the  late  Samuel  Stead,  esq.of 

Hali:ax. At  Hayes,  Pereg^ne,  fifth  son  of 

"Wyrley  Birch,  esq.  of  Wretham  Hall,  Norfolk, 
to  Anna-Charlotte,  second  dau.  of  Col.  Grant, 

of  Hayes  Park,  Middlesex. At  Chelsea, 

Robert  A.  Allen,  esq.  of  the  Grove,  Ballinrdon, 
Essex,  to  Henrietta- Eliza,  third  dau.  of  Henry 
Wylie,  esq.  of  Sloane-st. 

Sept.  6.  At  Howth,  Howard  John  St.  George, 
esu.  eldest  »on  of  Arthur  St.  Georgre,  esq.  of 
Kilrush  House,  Kilkenny,  to  Caroline,  dau. 

of  Colonel  Grogan,  of  Seafield.  Howth. At 

St.  Georflre's,  Middlesex,  James  Frederic  Ho- 
ratio Warren,  esq.  of  Langport,  Eastover,  So- 
merset,  to  Mary-Ann,  second  dau.  of  the  late 

Samuel  Foulger,  esq.  of  St.  George's. At 

Willougby,  the  Rev.  J.  Hall,  M.A.  Rector  of 
Corley,  Salop,  to  Justina,  youngest  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  John  Miles,  Rector  of  Willoughby 
Waterless,  Leic. At  St.  George's,  Blooms- 
bury,  the  Rev.  Henry  Reade  Quartley,  Vicar 
of  Wolverton  and  Stanton  Burv,  Bucks,  to 
Emma,  second  dau.  of  John  Thomas   Bell, 

esq.  of  Russell-sq. At  Gibraltar,  Lieat.-Col. 

Louis,  Royal  Art.  son  of  the  late  Adm.  Sir 
Thomas  Louis,  Bart,  to  Helen-Talavera,  dau. 
of  J.  M.  Brackenbury,  esq.  K.H.  late  Her  Ma- 
jesty's Consul  at  Cadiz. 

Sept,  7.  At  Liphook,  Hants,  Henry  BIox- 
ham,  esq.  of  Portsmouth,  son  of  Robert  Blox- 
ham,  esq.  of  Newport,  I.  W.  to  Elizabeth,  dau. 

of  John  Fulleck,  esq.  of    Liphook. At 

Washington,  Charles  Montague  Chester,  esq. 
90th  Light  Int.  to  Maria,  only  dau.  of  Major 
Sandham,  late  of  the  Royal  Art.,  of  Rowdell, 
Sussex,  and  Charlton,  Kent. At  Chelten- 
ham, the  Rev.  Hugh  Seymour  Yates,  Vicar  of 
Henlow,  Beds,  to  Augusta,  fourth  dau.  of  the 

late  Rev.  Wm.  Hayne,  of  Plympton. ^At 

Inglesham,  Wilts,  Edward  Cay  Adams,  esq. 
son  of  the  Rev.  W.  Adams,  D-D.  Rector  of 
Abiiu^ton,  Cambrid^esh.  and  Vicar  of  Hal- 
sieaoT  Essex,  to  Hamette- Allen,  second  dan.  of 
the  Rev.  W.  A.  Evanson,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Ingle- 
sham. ^At  Cork,  the  Rev.  Fitz-John  Stan- 

nus  Hamilton,  Rector  of  Ross,  second  son  of 
John  Hamilton,  LL.D.  of  Vessington,  Meath, 
and  Mountj  jy-sq.  Dublin,  to  Sarah,  fourth  dau. 
of  the  late  Walter  Payne,  esq.  of  Kilworth. 

^At  Tonbridge  Wells,  Charles  William 

Gray,  esq.  to  Rosalie,  only  dau.  of  Nathaniel 
T.  Butterfield,  esq.  of  Bermuda. At  New- 
castle-upon-Tyne, George  Leapingwell,  esq. 
Barrister-at-Law,  Cambridge,  to  Sarah-Eliza- 
beth-Amelia, eldest  dau.  of  Lieut  .-Col.  Camp- 
bell, of  Newcastle,  and  widow  of  the  late  John 

Rennie,  esq.  of  Phantassie,  East  Lothian. 

At  Paris,  Gilbert  Smith,  esq.  son  of  the  late 
Alexander  Smith,  esq.  of  Edinburgh,  to  Isa^ 
bella-Frances,  only  dau.  of  Alexander  Aitken, 

esq.  of  Thornton,  Fifesh. Anthony   Kent, 

esq.  of  Oriel  coll.  Oxford,  to  Frances,  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  G.  D.  Kent,  Prebendary  of  Lincoln. 
—At  Anstey,  Alfred  Burton,  of  St.  Leonard's- 
on-Sea,  esq.  to  Anna-Delicia,  second  dau.  of 
the  late  Henry  C.  Adams,  esq.  of  Anstey  Hall. 

Sept.  8.  At  Aston,  Warw.  Mr.  Henry  M. 
Wainwright,  of  Dudley,  third  son  of  the  late 
Capt.  J.  Wainwright,  R.N.  C.B.  to  Emma, 
youngest  dau.  of  John  Rotton,  esq.  of  Bir- 
mingham.  William  Skipwith,  esq,  second 

son  of  Sir  Gray  Skipwith,  Bart,  of  Newbold 
Hall,  Warw.  to  Louisa,  third  dau.  of  Edward 
Morant  Gale,  esq.  of  Upham  House,  Hants. 

Sept.  12.  At  St.  Mary's,  Bryanston -square, 
Charles  Gubbins,  esq.  or  the  Bengal  Civil  Serv. 
to  Maria- Burnley,  eldest  dau.  of  Joseph  Hume, 
esq.  M.P. At  Paddington,  Lieat,-Col.  Alan 


T.  Maclean,  to  Agnes,  dau.  of  the  late  William 
Forlong,  esq At  Kintbury,  Berks,  Lieat.- 
Col.  J.  A.  Butler,  to  Martha,  dau.  of  the  late 
William  Bruce  Smith,  esq.  of  Starborough 


Castle,  Surrey. 


-At  Ham.  Staffordsh.  tne 


Rev.  H.  R.  Fowler,  to  Harriet,  third  dan.  of 
the  late  John  Port,  esq.  of  Ham. 

Sept.  13.  At  Clifton.  Robert  Oliver  JoneSy 
esq.  of  Fonmon  Castle,  Glamorgansh.  to  Alicia, 
eldest  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  EvanThomaSy 
esq.  of  Cally,  same  co.  and  Llypmadoc,  Bre- 

consh. At  Gumley.  Leic.  William  watts. 

iun.  esq.  eldest  son  of  W.  Watts,  esq.  of  Hans- 
lope  Park,  Bucks,  to  Caroline,  yoonrest  dan. 
of  the  Rev.  Fred.  Apthorp,  Rector  ofunmley. 

Sept,  14.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-square^ 
Henry  George  Boyce,  esq.  9d  Life  Gnsrdfy 
eldest  son  of  H.  P.  Boyce,  esq.  to  Lonin,  osd^ 
dau.  of  the  Right  Hon.  Gen.  Sir  Gieoi;^^ 
Murray,  G.C.B.,  Master-Gen.  of  the  Ordnance. 

At  Kirkella,  Yorksh.  Augustas  liVilliam 

Godesden,  esq.  only  son  of  James  Godes- 
den,  esq.  of  l£well  Castle,  Surrey,  to  Wiw*F!ff^ 
eldest  dau.  of  John  Barkworth,  esq.  of  Tkmnbr 

House,  in  the  East  Riding. ^At  Gatsflda, 

Sussex,  Walter  Prideaux,  esq.  to  filiubeCh. 
third  dan.  of  Ueut.-Col.  Williams,  R.E.  of 

Catsfield  House. At  Hampstead,  Henrjr 

Stanhope  Illingworth,  esq.  of  Arlini^ton-st.  to 
Caroline,  second  dau.  of  Luke  Freeman,  esq. 

of  Guildford-st. At  St.  Hary*s,  Bryanstoe- 

sq.  Edmond  Burgui^res,  esq.  M.D.  m  Maiy- 
Matilda,  eldest  dau.  of  D.  F.  Bonrdin,  esq.  of 

Bryanston-st.  Portman-sq. At  Leeds,  B.  T. 

Dangerfield,  esq.  of  Craven-st.  to  Ann -Mafia. 
second  dau.  of  the  late  Wihner  Mackett  Wlllett, 
esq. At  Fyfieid,  Thomas  Charles  Wood- 
ward, esq.  of  Andover,  to  Sophia,  third  dan. 
of  the  late  Thomas  Heatl^  esq.  banker, 
Andover;  also,  the  Rev  Henry  H.  Victor, 
of  Bmsworth,  Hants,  to  Emily,  youngest  dan. 
of  the  late  Thos.  Heath,  esq. At  BaOi,  Wm. 


Rev.  Horace  Faithfull  Gray,  M.A.  VicsT  of 
Pilton  and  Prebendary  of  Wells,  to  Henrietta, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Chancellor  J.  T.  linr. 
and  grand-dau.  of  the  Bishw  of  Bath  and 

Wells,  and  the  Earl  of  Stamlbrd. ^At  TU- 

land.  Cornwall,  Edward  Scales,  esq.  of  Un- 
coln's-inn-fields  and  Totteohain.  to  Cecilia, 
dau.  of  the  late  Captain  Parkins  Prynne^  R.N. 
At  Burton  Dassett,  Warw.  Makn' 


nard  M'Mahon,  of  the  Bombay  Army,  to  XUsa- 
Mary-Anne,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Rer.  John 

Morgan,Vicar  of  Burton  Dassett. ^At  Jersey, 

John  Ruding  Stephens,  esq.  to  Haniet-SlErym- 
shcr,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Bqcers 

Ruding,:Vicar  of  Maldon,  Surrey. ^Atflaz- 

ley,  Glouc.  the  Rev.  George  Bamston  Dsnbeny, 
to  Albinia-Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  Sir  Thomo 
Crawley  Boeveyi  Bart,  of  Flaxley  Abbey. 

Sept.  16.  At  St.  Pancras,  Capt.  PSget  Wat* 
ton  Clarke,  2d  Bombay  Nat.  Inf.  son  of  the 
late  Edw.  t>.  Clarke,  LL.D.  to  Mary,  Ibnrth 
dau.  of  Thomas  Joshua  Flatt,  esq.  one  of  Her 

Mi^esty's  CounseL At  Rushburr,  Shropsb. 

Samuel  Glover  Bakewell,  esq.  M.l5.  of  Oolton 
Retreat,  Staffordsh.  to  Harriet,  second  dan.  of 
Richd.  Wainwright,  esq.  of  Stanway  Court.— ^ 
At  Alton,the  Rev.  Newenham  Travers,  to  BUen- 
Annie,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Gteoiigs  Sanies, 

esq.  of  Anstey. ^At  Islington,  Robert  Ghas. 

Rising,  esq.  of  Caister,  to  Louisa,  dau.  of  Ghas. 
Capper,  esq.  of  Camberwell-grove. 

Sept.  18.  At  Leyton,  Essex,  William  Wfld* 
man  Kettlewell,  esq.  of  Calcutta,  to  Bllen, 
eldest  dau.  of  Stephen  Wildman  Cattley,  esq. 

of  Leyton. At  Everton,  near  LiverpooL  the 

Rev.  Jos.  Bush,  of  Nailsea,  Som.  to  Amabell- 
Theodosia,  seventh  dau.  of  the  late  Blajor 
Joseph  Brooks.  At  Maryleboiw  neir 


1843.] 


MarHages, 


53d 


church,  Sir  Bourchier  Palk  Wrey,  Bart,  of 
Tawstock    Ck>urt,  near  Barnstaple,  to  Miss 

Coles. At  New  York,  Mr.  Edmnna  Baldwin, 

of  New  York,  and  of  Paternoster-row,  to 
Sophia-Griswold,  fifth  dau.of  the  late  James 
Nainby  Hallett,  esq.  of  Morning^on-crescent. 

Sept,  19.  At  Stisted,  the  Rev.  Henry  Philip 
Marsqam,  of  Trinity-hall,  Camb.  to  daroline, 
dau.  of  Onley  Savill  Onley,  of  Stisted  Hall, 

Essex. At  St.  Mary*s,  Bryanston-sq.  Dijfby, 

second  son  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Dam  pier, 
M.A.  of  Colinshays,  Somerset,  and  great- 
nephew  of  the  Bishopand  Judge  Dampier,  and 
of  the  first  Earl  of  Digby,  to  Amelia-Maria, 
youngest  dan.  of  the  late  S.  H.  Phillips,  esq. 

of  Upper  Seymour-st.  Portman-sa. At  St. 

Luke*s,  Chelsea,  the  Marquess  of  Ormonde,  to 
Frances-Jane,  eldest  dau.  of  Gen.  the  Hon.  Sir 

Edward  Paget,  G.C.B. At  Tottenham,  Jas. 

Pilbrow,  esq.  of  Tottenham,  to  Eliza,  second 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bloomfield,  of  Tottenham. 

At   St.  Gcorge*s,  Hanover-sq.  Sir  John 

Eastbope,  Bart.  M.P.  to  Elizabeth,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  Col.  Skyring,  Royal  Art.  and  widow 

of  Major  Longjey,  of  the  same  regt. At 

Boxted,  Capt.  P.  W.  Hamilton,  R.N.  to  Char- 
lotte-Helen- Weller,  eldest  dau.  of  George  Wel- 
ler Poley,  esq.  of  Boxted  Hall,  Suffolk. At 

Hammersmith,  Thomas  Alley  Jones,  esq.  of 
Hammersmith,  to  Lucy,  eldest  dau.  of  John 

Lawrence,  esq.  of  the  same  place. At  Ro- 

therhithe,  Thomas  Moreton  Jones,  esq.  of 
Llanfyllin,  Montgomerysh.  to  Elizabeth,  tnird 
dau.  of  James  Dummelow,  esq.  of  Rotherhithe. 
At  Kempsford,  Gloucestersh.  the  Rev.  Ed- 
ward Leigh  Bennett,  son  of  the  late  Rev.  J.  L. 
Bennett,  of  Thorpe-place,  Surrey,  to  Anne- 
Hudson,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hunt- 

ingford,  Vicar  of  Kempsford. At  Eccles, 

the  Kev.  John  Sparling,  third  son  of  William 
Sparling,  esq.  of  Petton  Park,  Salop,  to  Cathe- 
nne-Sybilla,  fourth  dau.  of  SirT.  J.  de  Trafford, 

Bart. At  Newington.  Richard  Pulford,  esq. 

of  Somers-town,  sun  or  the  late  George  Pul- 
ford, esq.  of  the  East  India  House,  to  Amelia- 
Pitches,  dau.  of  the  late  W.  M.  Harvey,  esq.  of 

Beau  fort- wharf,  Strand. r-At  Ulverstone, 

Edward  Dunn,  esq.  formerly  of  Durham,  to 
Charlotte-Elizabeth,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
William  Dodgson,  esq.  of  Belle- vue,  Ulver- 
stone. 

Sept.  20.  At  St.  George's,  Lord  Dalmeny, 
eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Rosebery,  to  Laay 
Wilhelmina  Stanhope,  only  dau.  of  the  Earl 

and  Countess  Stanhope. At  Teienmouth, 

John  Spens,  esq.  M.D.  second  son  of  the  late 
Lieut-Col.  J.Spens,of  Craigsanquhar,  Fifesh. 
to  Catharine,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
Wm.  Pritchard,  B.D.  Rector  of  Great  Yeld- 

hara,  Essex. At  Leyton,  Essex,  Ri<hard, 

eldest  son  of  Richard  Tomson,  esq.  of  the  Elms, 
Ramsgate,  to  Eliza- Wharton,  youngest  dau.  of 

Benjamin  Nind,  esq.  of  Leytonstone. At 

Henley-upon-Thames,  William-Henry,  son  of 
the  late  William  Stiell,  esq.  of  Home  Park, 
Hampton  Court,  and  nephew  of  the  late  Adm. 
Griffiths,  to  Sarah,  second  dau.  of  Henry  Na> 
thaniel  Byles,  esq.  of  Henley-upon-Thames. 

At  Woodhouse,  John  F.  Hargrave,  esq.  of 

Lincoln's. inn,  Barrister,  eldest  son  of  Joshua 
Hargrave,  esq.  of  Greenwich,  to  Ann,  dau.  of 

William  Hargrave,  esq.  of  Leeds. At  Bi- 

shopthorpe  J^lace,  Humphrey  St.  John  Mild- 
may,  esq.  M.P.  to  Marianne,  dau.  of  Granville 
Harcourt  Vernon,  esq.  M.P.  and  grand-dau.  of 

the  Archbishop- At  South  Bersted.  Sussex, 

Capt.  Say,  of  the  Bengal  Armv,  to  Elizabeth, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  Richard  Nixon,  esq.  of 

Highgate. Charles  Newport,  esq.  to  Pris- 

cilla.  dau.  of  Joseph  Greene,  esq.  of  Lake  View, 
CO.  Kilkenny,  niece  of  Sir  John  Newport,  Bart. 
and  grand-niece  of  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Greene,  of 
Suir  view,  Waterford. 

Sept.  21.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-square, 


Lieut.-Col.  Fraser,  of  the  North  American 
Staff,  to  Gepmana,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Right  Hon.  Sir  Charles  Bagot,  Gov.-Gen.  of 

Canada. At  Trinity  Church,  Sloane-street, 

Frederick,  youngest  son  of  Charles  Wix,  esq. 
of  Battersea  Rise,  to  Elizabeth,  third  dau.  of 

Randolph  Payne,  esq.  of  Sloane-street. At 

Ware,  William,  son  of  Samuel  Francis,  esq.  of 
Ford- place,  Essex,  to  Susanna-Matilda,  dau.' of 

John  Cass,  esq.  of  Ware. At  Northampton, 

the  Rev.  James  Hirst,  Wesleyan  Minister,  to 
Louisa,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  James  Dyson, 

esq.  M.D.  of  Hackney. At  Brixton,  Thomas 

Grueber,  esq.  of  Tottenham,  to  Emily,  dau.  of 

Samuel  Rowsell,esq.  of  Tulse  Hill. At  East 

Dereham,  Norfolk,  the  Rev.  John  Johnson 
Tuck,  of  Welwyn,  Herts,  to  Lucy,  eldest  dau. 

of  Barry  Girling,  esq.  of  East  Dereham. At 

Walford,  Hererorish.  Frederick  Theed,  esq.  of 
St.  Ives,  Hunts,  to  Marianne,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Rev.  T.  D.  Fosbroke,  Vicar  of  Wal- 
ford, &c. 

Sept.  23.  At  St.  Marylebone,  Edmund  Means 
Kelly,  of  Dublin,  M.A.  Barrister-at-Law,  ta 
Georgiana-Eliza,  dau.  of  the  late  R.  T.  Good- 
win, esq.  ol  York-pl.  formerly  Senior  Member 
of  Council  at  Bombay. At  Paddington,  Fre- 
derick Alexander  Campbell,  Royal  Art.  second 
son  of  Col.  Frederick  Campbell,  Royal  Art.  to 
Emma-Frances,    youngest    dau.  of   William 

Stockley,  esq.  Royal  Art. At  Bromley, 

Kent,  Dudley  Costello,  esq.  formerly  of  the 
96th  regt.  to  Mary,  widow  of  the  late  J.  D. 
Tweedy,  esq.  of  Warley  House,  near  Halifax.. 

Sept,  25.  At  Northwood,  Joseph  Rodney 
CrosKey,  esq.  Vice-Consul  from  the  United 
States,  at  Cowes,  to  Sarah,  youngest  dau.  of 
T.  Roper,  esq.  of  West  Cowes. 

Sept,  26.  At  Tarvit  House,  co.  Fife,  the  Rev. 
John  Haymes,  M.A.  of  Clare  Hall,  Camb.  to 
Helen,  third  dau.of  J. Home  Rigg,esq.of  Down- 
field    and  Tarvit,  Fifesh. At  Burgh,  Lin- 

colnsh.  William  Ho^ken  Harper,  esq.  late  Capt. 
4th  Drag,  only  son  of  J.  H.  Harper,  esq.  of  Da- 
venham  Hall,  Chesh.  to  Mary- Lucy,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  Rev.  William  Fox,  of  Girsby  House,  Line. 

and    Statham    Lodge,  Cheshire. At   East 

Barnet,  Herts.  Robert  Frederick  Browne,  esq. 
of  William-st.  Lowndes-sojto  MyrapCharlotte, 
third  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Elwin, 

Rector  of  East  Barnet. At  Inswich,  the 

Rev.  Thomas  Preston,  M.A.  of  £xeter  coU. 
Oxford,  youngest  son  of  Edmund  Preston,  esq. 
of  Great  Yarmouth,  to  Jane-Octavia,  youngest 
dau.  of  John  Cohbold,  esq.  of  the  Cliff,  Ips- 
wich.  At  Wisbech,  Wiluam  Whitting,  esq. 

of  Thorney,  Isle  of  Ely,  to  Sophia,  eldest  dau. 

of  Capt.  Swaine,  R.N. ^At  St.  George's, 

Bloomsbury,  Horace-Charles,  youngest  son  of 
the  late  H.  Downer,  esq.  or  Maidstone,  to 
Ellen-Maria,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
Christopher  Smear,  Rector  of  Orford.  Suffolk. 
At  Rochdale,  the  Rev- J.  Gaitskill,  Incum- 
bent of  Whitworth.  to  Hannah,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Joseph  Casson,  esq.  of  Waber- 

thwaite. ^At  the  Spanish  Chapel,  Manches- 

ter-sq.the  Hon.  William  Petre,  eldest  son  of 
Lord  Petre,  to  Miss  Clifford,  dau.  of  the  Hon. 

C.  T.  Clifford. At  Charlton,  Kent,  the  Rev. 

William  Uoyd  Collet,  of  Gillingham,  Dorset* 
to  F^rances  Harriett,  only  dan.  of  Henry 
Smith,  esq.  of  Morden  coll.  Blackbeath. 

Sept.  27.  At  Rush  ton.  Northamptonshire,  N. 
Grace  Lambert,  esq.  of  Newcastle-ou-Tyne,  to 
Mary-Anne,  only  child  of  T.  Wright  Richards* 
esq.  of  Barrord  Lodge,  Northamptonsh. 

Sept.  28.  At  Stafford,  the  Rev.  WiUiam  Hig- 
ton,  M.A.  Incumbent  of  Croxden,  Staff,  to 
EUen-Spendelow,  dau.  of  the  late  William 
Townsend,  esq.  of  Liverpool. At  Lyme  Re- 
gis, the  Rev.  William  Barnes,  M.A.  hector  of 
Bnxton  Deverill.  Wilts,  to  Ehzabeth-Dickson, 
youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Roger  Sorre,  esq.  of 
the  Cragg,  Yorksb. 


540 


OBITUARY. 


Lord  Robert  Kcr. 

June  23.  In  Moray-place,  Edinbui^li, 
in  bis  63rd  year,  Lieut. -Colonel  Lord 
Robert  Ker,  K.  U.  Assistant  Adjutant- 
general  in  Scotland,  Secretary  to  the 
order  of  the  Thistle,  and  a  member  of  the 
council  of  the  Royal  Archers ;  grand- 
uncle  to  the  Marquess  of  Lothian. 

His  Lordship  was  bom  Sept.  14,  1790, 
the  fourth  son  of  William-John  fifth 
Marquess  of  Lothian,  by  Elizabeth,  only 
daughter  of  Chichester  Fortescue,  of 
Dromisken,  co.  Louth,  esq.  (by  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Richard  Lord  Mornington.) 

He  entered  the  army  in  1798,  and 
served  that  year  in  Portugal  under  General 
Cuyler, — in  Minorca,  under  General  Fox, 
in  1799  and  1800,— in  Egypt,  under  Sir 
Ralph  Abercromby,  in  1801, — and  was 
wounded  in  the  leg  at  the  battle  of  Alex- 
andria, where  the  gallant  general  fell, — 
and  in  the  same  year,  at  the  surrender  of 
Cairo,  and  siege  and  surrender  of  Alex- 
andria, under  General  (afterwards  Lord) 
Hutchinson.  In  1802-3  Lord  Robert 
served  in  Malta  and  Gibraltar,  and  in 
Ireland  in  1805,  where  he  was  Aide-de- 
camp to  Lord  Cathcart,  commander  of  the 
forces  there.  From  1806  to  1822  Lord 
Robert  was  Military  Secretary  to  the 
Commander  of  the  Forces  in  Scotland, 
and  from  that  latter  year  up  to  his  death 
was  Assistant  Adjutant-general  on  the 
North  British  staff. 

Major-Gen.  Sir  Neil  Douglas,  com- 
manding in  North  Britain,  in  announcing 
to  the  troops  under  his  command  the 
decease  of  Lord  Robert  Ker,  expressed 
himself  in  the  following  terms :  '*  The 
Major.  General  cannot  allow  this  event  to 
pass  without  recording  his  sincere  regret 
at  the  service  being  deprived  of  so  de- 
serving and  meritorious  an  officer.  Lord 
Robert's  kindness  and  urbanity  of  manners 
in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  deservedly 
endeared  him  to  every  one  who  had  inter- 
course with  him,  and  must  leave  on  the 
minds  of  all  who  had  the  honour  of  his 
acquaintance,  or  were  called  on  to  transact 
business  with  him,  a  lasting  impression 
of  respect  and  esteem  for  his  memory." 

His  Lordship  married,  June  14<,  1806, 
JVlary,  third  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Edmund 
Gilbert,  of  Windsor  House,  Cornwall, 
by  whom  he  has  left  issue  five  daughters 
and  four  sons:  1.  Elizabeth- Anne,  married 
in  1830  to  Colonel  Sir  William  Maynard 
Gomm,  K.C.B.  Major  in  the  Coldstream 
Guards ;  2.  Louisa-Grace,  Lady  of  Honour 
to  H.R.H.  the  Duchess  of  Cambridge, 


and  married  in  1841  to  Lient.-Col.  Wm. 
Henry  Cornwall,  Coldstream  Onrdfl;  3. 
William- Walter- Raleigh.  Lieatenmt  In 
the  Austrian  service;  4.  Mary-Frances^ 
5.  Emily-Caroline-Fortescue,  married  in 
1841  to  Morton  Carey,  esq.  barriiter-at- 
law ;  6.  Charles-Hope,  Lieut.  81st  Foot  ; 
7.  Henry- Ashburton,  R.N. ;  8.  liUey* 
Maria ;  and  9.  Robert- Dnndas. 

Rt.  Hon.  J.  A.  S.  MAcmfZUt. 

Sept,  24.  At  Sonthampton,  aged  O^, 
the  Right  Hon.  James  Alexander  Stewart 
Mackenzie,  M.A.,  of  Olasaerton  and 
Seaforth,  N.B. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Admiral  the 
Hon.  Keith  Stewart,  second  son  of  tbe 
sixth,  and  brother  of  John  leventh  Bad 
of  Galloway,  by  Georgina  Isabella  Slnlui 
d'Aguilar.  He  married  in  1817  tbe  Hon. 
Mary  Mackenzie,  eldest  daughter  and  co* 
heir  of  Francis  last  Lord  Seaforth,  and 
widow  of  Vice- Admiral  Sir  Samuel  Hood, 
Bart.  K.C.B.  and  assumed  by  sUot 
manual  the  name  of  Mackenzie  on  mm 
marriage.  He  was  Commissioner  of  tbe 
India  Board  from  1832  until  November, 
1834.  In  1831  he  was  elected  member 
of  Parliament  for  Ross  and  Gromartj, 
which  he  represented  until  1837,  when  fie 
was  appointed  Governor  and  Commander* 
in- Chief  of  Ceylon,  and  sworn  a  member 
of  the  Privy  Council.  He  remained 
there  until  1840,  when  Sir  Colin  Camp. 
bell  succeeded  to  the  Governorship.  On 
leaving  Ceylon  the  deceased  proceeded  to 
Corfu  as  Lord  High  Commissioner  of  tbe 
Ionian  Islands,  in  which  he  was  succeeded 
a  few  months  back  by  General  Lord 
Sen  ton,  the  present  Commissioner. 

Bj  the  lady  already  mentioned ,  who 
survives  him,  he  has  left  issue  two  sons 
and  a  daughter  :  1.  Keith- William,  Lieitt. 
90th  Foot;  2.  Mary- Frances,  married  In 
1838  to  the  Hon.  Philip  Anstruther,  Co. 
lonial  Secretary  of  Ceylon;  and 3.  Francis- 
Proby,  Ensign  71 8t  Foot. 

Sir  Keith  A.  Jackson,  Babt. 

Aug.  21.  At  Schlierbach,  near  Heidel- 
burg,  in  his  45tb  year.  Sir  Keith  Alexan- 
der Jackson,  the  second  Bart,  of  Arsley, 
CO.  Bedford  (1815),  late  Captain  in  the 
4th  Light  Dragoons. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  John, 
the  first  Baronet,  by  Charlotte,  daughter 
of  General  Gorham,  of  Gorham  Point, 
Nova  Scotia.  He  entered  the  4th  light 
dragoons  as  Comet,  Dec.  2, 1819;  became 
Lieutenant  Dec.  19,  1622;  and  Captain 


1843.] 


OsnVAttT.— 5t>  MaUhete  Wood,  Bart, 


U\ 


Dec.  31, 1890.  He  served  seyeral  cam- 
paigns in  India,  and  had  recently  retired 
from  the  regiment. 

He  succeeded  to  the  title  on  the  death 
of  his  fether,  May  17,  1820. 

He  married,  Feb.  4,  1834,  Amelia, 
only  daughter  of  the  late  George  Waddell, 
esq.  of  the  East  India  Company's  service, 
by  whom  he  has  left  issue  Sir  Mount* 
Stuart  Goodricke  Jackson,  his  successor, 
born  in  1836  ;  and  other  children. 

Sir  Matthew  Wood,  Bart. 

Sept,  25.  At  Matson  Hopse,  near 
Gloucester,  the  residence  of  his  son-in- 
law  Edwin  Maddy,  esq.  D.C.L.,  in  the 
76th  year  of  bis  age.  Sir  Matthew  Wood, 
Bart,  of  Hatherley  House,  in  the  same 
county.  Alderman  of  London,  and  one 
of  the  four  Members  of  Parliament  for 
the  City. 

Sir  Matthew  Wood  was  the  eldest  of 
the  ten  children  of  William  Wood  and 
Catherine  Cluse  (who  were  married  in 
1766),  and  was  bom  2nd  June,  1768. 
William  Wood  carried  on  the  business  of 
a  seree  maker  at  Tiverton,  and  his  son 
Matthew  was  educated  at  BlundelPs  Free 
Grammar  School,  in  that  town.  At  a 
very  early  age  he  assisted  his  father  in 
collecting  the  serge  from  the  cottages 
where  it  was  manufactured;  and,  on  one 
occasion,  before  he  ^^'bs  14  years  of  age, 
upon  the  sudden  illness  of  his  father, 
went  to  £xeter,  and  himself  disposed  of 
the  goods ;  a  circumstance  strongly  im- 
pressed on  his  memory  by  a  fall  from  his 
pony  on  his  return,  and  his  being  taken 
up  in  a  state  of  insensibility,  with  a 
wound,  of  which  he  always  bore  the  scar. 

At  the  age  of  14  he  was  apprenticed 
to  Mr.  Newton  ofEzeter,  his  first  cousin, 
who  then  carried  on  an  extensive  business 
as  chemist  and  druggist  in  Fore  Street, 
in  that  city.  At  19  he  was  engaged  as  a 
traveller  by  Mr.  Waymouth,  a  wholesale 
druggist,  whose  house  of  business  was 
near  Mr.  Newton's,  and  who  had  thus 
opportunities  of  observing  the  talent  and 
industry  of  the  apprentice  whom  he  se- 
lected. It  is  singular  that  at  this  time 
Mr.  Gibbs,  father  of  Sir  Vicary  Gibbs, 
resided  next  door  to  Mr.  Waymouth*s 
house  of  business ;  whilst  Doctor  Wal- 
cott  (better  known  as  Peter  Pindar)  and 
Mr.  Baring,  the  father  of  Lord  Ash- 
burton,  were  frequent  visitors  at  Mr. 
Waymouth's  residence  at  Topsham. 

Before  he  had  attained  22  Matthew 
Wood  had  attracted  notice  by  his  ability 
and  integrity  as  a  traveller,  and  was  in- 
vited by  Messrs.  Crawley  and  Adcock, 
of  Bishopsgate  Street,  London,  to  accept 
a  situation  in  that  capacity  under  their 
firm,  and  he  accordingly  went  to  London 


early  in  1790.  After  aboot  two  years  a 
partnership  was  formed  by  one  of  the 
Messrs.  Adcock  and  Messrs.  John  aiid 
Thomas  Price,  into  which,  by  their  offer, 
Mr.  Wood  was  admitted,  anid  they  car- 
ried on  business  as  druggists  in  Devon- 
shire Square.  This  partnership  was  not 
of  long  continuance ;  but  Sir  Mattheir 
Wood  always  entertained  a  sincere  regard 
for  Mr.  Thomas  Price,  who  is  now  the 
deputy  for  Lime  Street  Ward.  Upon  its 
dissolution,  he  carried  on  business  on  hit 
own  account,  in  Cross  Street,  Clerkenwell. 

In  1796  he  married  Maria,  the  daughter 
of  Mr.  John  Page,  of  Woodbridge,  Suffolk, 
surgeon  and  apothecary,  with  whom 
Crabbe  the  poet  was  at  one  time  appren- 
ticed. 

In  1801  he  removed  to  Falcon-square, 
Cripplegate,  and  carried  on  business  alone 
until  the  year  1804,  when  he  formed  il 
partnership  with  the  late  Colonel  £d<« 
ward  Wigan,  as  hop  merchants. 

In  1802  he  was  elected  one  of  the  four 
Common  Conncilmen  for  the  ward  of 
Cripplegate  Without,  on  which  occasion 
Mr.  Wood  was  returned  at  the  head  of 
the  poll.  He  soon  was  appointed  Deputy 
to  Sir  William  Staines,  the  then  alderman 
of  the  ward,  and  in  1807,  whilst  absent 
on  a  tour  of  pleasure  in  Ireland,  he  was 
elected  Alderman  of  the  ward  on  the 
death  of  Sir  William  Staines.  The  Mayor 
of  Limerick  first  announced  to  him  the 
honour  that  had  been  thus  spontaneously 
conferred. 

In  1809  he  served  the  office  of  Sheriff 
of  London  and  Middlesex  with  Alderman 
Atkins,  and  was  called  upon  to  discharge 
the  duty  of  arresting  Sir  Francis  Bnrdett 
on  a  Speaker's  warrant,  when  he  in  vain 
implored  the  government  to  abstain  from 
calling  in  the  military.  He  was  more 
successful  in  remonstrating  against  their 
employment  on  the  release  of  Sir  Francis^ 
and  preserved  the  public  peace  inviolate, 
notwithstanding  the  disappointment  of  the 
myriads  who  were  assembled  to  witness 
a  procession,  from  which  the  intended 
hero  unexpectedly  absented  himself. 

At  the  general  election  in  1812  he  be* 
came  a  candidate  for  the  representation  of 
the  city  in  Parliament,  together  with  Mr. 
Waithman  (not  then  an  Alderman)  ;  but 
both  were  at  that  time  unsuccessfuly  the 
numbers  being,  for 


Aid.  H.  C.  Combe 
Aid.  Sir  Wm.  Curtis 
Aid.  Sir  James  Shaw 
Aid.  John  Atkins 
Robert  Waithman 
Alderman  Wood    • 


5125 
4577 
4062 
3645 
2622 
2373 


In  1815  he  succeeded  in  dne  course  to 
the  mayoralty,  in  which  he  distijigmahed 


542 


Obituary. — Sir  Matthew  Wood,  Bart 


[Nov. 


himself  not  merely  by  an  unwonted  hos- 
pitality, but  far  more  by  an  energy  and 
ability  as  a  magistrate,  which  may  fairly 
be  said  to  have  been  unrivalled.  The 
critical  state  of  the  country  in  1816,  the 
Corn  Bill  having  been  passed  in  18J5,  and 
the  great  scarcity,  and  consequent  distress 
and  dissatisfaction,  which  then  existed, 
rendered  it  most  important  to  select  for 
chief  magistrate  of  London  a  person  upon 
whose  firmness  reliance  could  be  placed ; 
and  many  of  those  who  professed  opposite 
political  opinions  voted  for  the  re-election 
of  Alderman  Wood  as  Mayor.  He  was 
consequently  returned,  with  Alderman 
Combe,  by  the  Livery  to  the  Court  of 
Aldermen,  it  being  understood  that  the 
latter  gentleman  was  too  unwell  to  accept 
of  the  office,  and  for  the  first  time  for 
several  hundred  years  the  civic  chair  was 
filled  during  two  consecutive  years  by  the 
same  individual. 

The  manner  in  which  the  formidable  Spa 
Fields  riot  was  quelled  by  the  personal 
exertions  of  the  Lord  Mayor,  with  the  as. 
sistance  of  Sir  James  Shaw  and  one  or  two 
other  determined  magistrates,  fully  justi> 
fied  the  confidence  of  his  fellow-citizens. 
During  bis  second  mayoralty  he  alsoatonce 
terminated,  by  his  presence  and  decision, 
a  serious  riot  in  Newgate  ;  and  he  in  the 
same  year  rescued  three  unfortunate 
Irishmen  from  execution,  who  were  the 
victims  of  a  conspiracy  of  police  officers, 
under  the  blood- money  system,  for  which 
he  received  the  thanks  of  the  corporation 
of  Dublin. 

In  1817,  on  the  termination  of  the  se- 
cond year  of  his  mayoralty,  he  was  again 
returned  by  the  Livery,  but  was  not  se- 
lected by  the  Court  of  Aldermen. 

During  his  second  mayoralty,  in  1817, 
on  the  retiring  of  Alderman  Combe,  he 
was  returned  without  opposition  as  re- 
piesentative  of  the  city  of  London  in 
Parliament ;  and  at  the  general  election 
in  1818  he  was  again  returned  to  Parlia- 
ment for  the  city  of  London,  together 
with  Aldermen  Waithman  and  Thorp, 
and  Thomas  Wilson,  esq.  to  the  exclusion 
of  the  old  city  members.  Sir  William 
Curtis  and  Alderman  Ackins.  The  poll 
terminated  as  follows  : — 


Alderman  Wood    . 
Thomas  Wilson,  esq. 
Alderman  Waithman 
Alderman  Thorp     , 
Sir  Wm.  Curtis 
Alderman  Atkins  . 


5700 
4829 
4«03 
4335 
4224 
1688 


So  fully  has  Sir  Matthew  Wood  retained 
his  civic  popularity,  that  at  every  subsequent 
election — and  there  have  been  six  contests 
— he  has  not  only  kept  his  seat,  but  he 
has  generally  been  returned  at  the  head 


of  the  poll.  On  one  occasion,  however, 
viz.  in  1826,  his  position  was  reversed, 
owing  to  his  spirited  declaration  in  favour 
of  I^man  Catholic  emancipation,  on  the 
eve  of  the  election,  and  with  a  foil  know- 
ledge of  its  consequences. 

In  the  year  1^0,  upon  the  decease  of 
King  George  III.  Alderman  Wood  was 
applied  to  by  Queen  Caroline  (then 
abroad)  for  advice,  and  being  fully  per- 
suaded of  her  innocence,  with  toatstraight- 
forward  decision  and  hatred  of  oppression 
which  distinguished  him  through  life»  he 
at  once  exhorted  her  to  face  her  accusefs 
by  returning  to  England.  He  met  her 
on  her  journey  at  Montbard,  in  FrwacBf 
and  at  St.  Omer  acquiesced  at  once  in 
her  spirited  determination  to  reject  the 
offer  of  50,000/.  a  year  on  the  d^;nidinff 
condition  of  renouncing  her  title,  and 
which  offer  was  accompanied  by  a  threat 
of  prosecution  if  she  returned  to  England. 
The  wisdom  of  this  course  was  apparent 
in  the  result,  and  proved  the  truth  of  the 
trite  but  most  unerring  adage,  viz.  that 
honesty  is  the  best  policy.* 

With  consistent  firmness  Alderman 
Wood  stood  by  the  cause  which  he  had 
espoused,  regardless  alike  of  die  remon^ 
strances  of  the  timid  and  the  attacks  of  a 
portion  of  the  press ;  and  it  is  not  a  little. 
remarkable  that  his  manly  adherence  to 
the  cause  of  Queen  Caroline  attracted 
the  attention  of  the  maiden  rister  of  the 
late  Mr.  James  Wood,  of  Gloucester,. 
who  was  an  entire  stranger  to  him,  and 
whom  he  saw  but  once  afterwards,  for  a 
few  minutes  during  her  Ufe.  She  made 
him  her  almoner,  and  by  her  will  left  him 
a  house  in  Gloucester ;  and  when  he  at- 
tended her  funeral  Mr.  James  Wood,  who 
was  till  then  unknown  to  him,  insisted  on 
the  Alderman  sleeping  at  his  house,  and 
from  that  time  paid  him  unceasing  attm* 
tion.  On  Mr.  James  Wood*s  £ath,  in 
1836,  he  constituted  Alderman  Wood  one 
of  his  four  executors,  among  whoa  he  be« 
queathed  the  residue  of  his  laige  prow 
perty. 

On  the  death  of  Mr.  James  Wood  Us 
will  was  disputed  by  some  of  his  next  of 
kin,  and  by  a  sentence  of  Sir  Herbert 
Jenner  it  was  declared  null ;  but  on  ap- 
peal to  the  Privy  Council  that  sentence 
was  reversed,  and  the  will  established, 
the  judgment  being  delivered  by  Lord 
Lyndhurst.  The  possession  of  the  real 
estates  has  since  been  ineffiectuallj  dil* 
puted  by  the  heir.at-law ;   and  the  late 


*  On  arriving  in  London  the  Queen. 
took  up  her  residence  for  some  time  at 
the  Alderman's  house,  in  South  Audlcv« 
street,  subsequently  removing  to  Bnaa* 
enburgh  House,  Hammersmith, 


1843.] 


Obituary.-^SiV  Matthew  Wbodi  Bart* 


543 


Baronet  and  his  co-executors  were  con- 
firnaed  in  the  possession  of  so  much  of 
the  property  as  the  lawyers  had  spared. 
It  is  supposed  that  Sir  Matthew's  share 
amounted  to  about  200,000/. 

In  1837,  on  the  occasion  of  Her  Ma- 
jesty honouring  the  Corporation  of  Lon- 
don by  her  presence  at  dinner,  at  Guild- 
hall,  Alderman  Wood  was  informed 
by  Lord  John  Russell  of  Her  Ma- 
jesty's intention  to  confer  on  him  the 
dignity  of  a  Baronet ;  an  honour  wholly 
unsolicited  and  unexpected  by  him.  He 
had  acted  as  a  trustee  in  the  management 
of  the  affairs  of  Her  Majesty's  father,  the 
Duke  of  Kent,  and  had  suggested  and 

Eromoted  the  return  of  the  Duke  and 
duchess  of  Kent  to  England  shortly  be- 
fore the  birth  of  Her  Majesty.  The  ho- 
nour thus  conferred  has  been  attributed 
to  that  cause  ;  but  it  seems  hardly  ne- 
cessary to  refer  to  any  other  reason  for 
the  distinction  than  the  uniform  consist- 
ency and  integrity  of  Alderman  Wood's 
political  conduct,  and  his  zeal  and  ser- 
vices as  a  magistrate  during  a  long  course 
of  years  ;  and,  independently  of  political 
considerations,  never  was  a  civic  baronetcy 
more  deservedly  bestowed,  or  more  ge- 
nerally approved.  It  was  observed  by 
TJie  Timet f  on  this  occasion,  that  justice 
had  been  done  to  him  at  last. 

Sir  Matthew  Wood  was  in  the  com- 
mission of  the  peace  for  the  counties  of 
Middlesex  and  Gloucester,  and  he  was 
also  Governor  of  the  Irish  Society  of  the 
Corporation  of  London. 

We  have  thus  briefly  sketched  the  pub- 
lic career  of  Sir  Matthew  Wood ,  but  we  have 
not  space  to  dilate  on  his  various  public 
services.  As  a  citizen  he  was  main^  dis- 
tinguished by  his  activity  in  promoting 
good  government,  the  removal  of  abuses, 
and  local  improvement :  he  greatly  im- 
proved the  state  of  prison  discipline,  and 
obtained  the  removal  of  debtors  from 
Newgate,  and  the  building  of  a  new  prison 
in  Wbitecross-street  for  their  reception. 
The  Post  Office  and  London  Bridge, 
with  its  splendid  approaches,  were  mainly 
forwarded  by  his  exertions,  most  ably 
seconded,  no  doubt,  in  and  out  of  Parlia- 
ment; and,  in  fact,  within  the  last  thirty 
years  no  improvement  has  been  made  in 
the  metropolis  without  his  active  co- 
operation. One  of  his  latest  acts  was  the 
formation  ofa  Standing  Committee  of  the 
House  of  Commons  (renewed  each  ses- 
sion) for  Metropolitan  Improvements,  of 
which  he  was  the  chairman,  and  which 
formed  the  germ  of  the  present  Rojral 
Commission  for  the  same  purpose.  His 
services  as  representative  of  the  City  of 
London  in  nine  successive  Parliaments, 
extending  over  a  period  of  mor^  than  a 


quarter  of  a  century,  have  been  too  im- 
portant to  be  easily  forgotten. 

In  his  political  opinions  the  subject  of 
this  notice  was  a  radical  reformer  during 
the  whole  of  his  long  political  career, 
which  commenced  at  a  time  when  the 
opinions  which  he  espoused  were  by  no 
means  fashionable,  or  generallv  supported. 
His  votes  have  been  given  in  favour  of 
Free  Trade,  Reform  in  Parliament,  Vote 
by  Ballot,  the  Abolition  of  the  Slave  Trade, 
Repeal  of  the  Corporation  and  Test  Acts, 
Reform  of  the  Church,  Emancipation  of 
the  Roman  Catholics,  removal  of  the 
Jewish  Disabilities,  and  Repeal  of  the  As- 
sessed Taxes.  He  supported  almostall  the 
measures  proposed  by  the  governments  of 
Lords  Grey  and  Melbourne,  as  consist- 
ently op  posi  ng  those  of  Lord  Liverpool ,  the 
Duke  of  Wellington,  and  Sir  Robert  Peel. 

As  n  magistrate  he  was  firm  and  up- 
right, but  kind  and  indulgent  to  the  poor 
and  distressed  ;  active  and  diligent  in  the 
performance  of  the  arduous  duties  of  his 
office,  a  determined  enemy  of  all  abuses, 
and  a  protector  of  the  oppressed. 

In  his  mercantile  character  the  late 
Baronet  was  highly  esteemed  as  a  man  of 
the  utmost  strictness  and  honour  in  all 
transactions  of  business ;  and  many  a 
young  trader  will  remember  with  grati- 
tude the  encouragement  always  given  by 
bim^o  persevering  and  honest  industry. 
As  a  master  he  was  justly  revered  by  all 
who  had  ever  been  in  his  service ;  the 
knowledge  of  this  fact  is  derived  from  one 
who  was  employed  by  him  in  early  life, 
and  after  a  service  of  thirty-three  years 
was  enabled  to  retire  from  his  employ- 
ment, and  is  now  living  in  comfort  on  the 
fruits  of  his  industry.  That  faithful  old 
servant  gratefully  cherishes  the  memory 
of  his  good  old  master  and  friend. 

Numerous  votes  of  thanks,  gifts  of 
plate,  and  other  public  testimonials,  have 
attested  the  sense  entertained  by  bis  fellow 
citizens  and  others  of  the  pubUc  services 
of  Sir  Matthew  Wood. 

The  moral  of  his  public  and  private 
career  is  brief  and  impressive,— Be  honest 
and  consistent,  so  may  you  be  enabled  to 
benefit  your  fellow  men,  and  to  obtain 
the  goodwill  of  the  upright. 

We  forbear  to  violate  the  privacy  of 
domestic  life ;  but  the  urbanity  of  manner, 
the  benevolence  and  sympathy  with  the 
wants  and  distresses  of  bis  fellow  men, 
evinced  by  Sir  Matthew  Wood  through, 
out  his  life,  are  known  and  appreciated 
far  beyond  the  domestic  circle. 

He  has  left  his  widow  and  five  children 
to  deplore  his  loss.     His  three  sons  are — 

1.  The  Rev.  Sir  John  Page  Wood, 
Bart.  LL.B.,  Rector  of  St.  Peter's, 
Cornhill,  and  Vicar  of  Creasing,  Essex, 


544      Gen.  Sir  John  G.  CroMe. — Reor*Adm»  Sir  A.  Farquhar,     [Xor. 


2,  William  Page  Wood,  esq.  bamster- 
at-Uw,  F.  R.S.,  and  late  feUow  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge;  and 

3.  Western  Wood,  esq.  who  was  in 
partnership  with  the  deceased  in  the  firm 
of  Woods,  Field,  and  Wood,  in  Mark 
Lane,  (of  which  firm  Benjamin  Wood, 
esq.  M.P.  for  Southwark,  and  brother  of 
Sir  Matthew,  is  also  a  member,)  and 
who  succeeded  to  his  father's  share  in  the 
business  on  Sir  Matthew's  retiring  in 

His  two  daughters,  Maria  and  Catha- 
rine, married  respectively  Edwin  Maddy, 
esq.  D.C.L.,  of  Matson  House,  near 
Gloucester,  and  Charles  Stephens,  esq. 
of  Barley  Court,  near  Reading. 

The  present  Baronet  married,  in  1820, 
Emma-Carolina,  daughter  of  Sampson 
Michell,  esq.  R.N.,  Admiral  in  the  Por- 
tuguese service,  by  whom  he  has  four  sons 
and  four  daughters. 

The  family  of  Sir  Matthew  Wood, 
though  decayed  in  circumstances,  had 
been  long  established  in  the  town  of  Tiver- 
ton. An  ancestor  of  his  was  one  of  the 
esquires  who  officiated  as  paU-bearer  at 
the  funeral  of  Catharine,  Countess  of 
Devon,  daughter  of  Edward  the  Fourth, 
who  is  interred  at  Tiverton.  Sir  Matthew 
Wood  had  borne  the  arms  of  this  family, 
Tiz.onafield  argent,  an  oak  fruited  or,  with 
the  crest  a  demi-savage  bearing  a  club  and 
uprooted  oak,  \nth  the  motto  "  Defend." 
With  these  arms  were  quartered,  on  a 
field  argent,  a  bull's  head  erased  sable,  the 
arms  of  the  heiress  of  Carslake,  with  whom 
one  of  the  Woods,  or  Atte- Woods  (as 
they  were  then  called),  had  intermarried. 
On  the  occasion  of  his  baronetcy,  Sir 
Matthew  Wood  accepted  a  new  grant  of 
arms,  introducing  a  civic  mace  per  pale 
into  the  coat,  with  some  other  trifling  dif- 
ferences. 

On  Saturday  evening  Sept.  30  the  re- 
mains of  the  deceased  were  removed  from 
Matson  to  Hatherley,  a  distance  of  about 
five  miles.  The  body  was  followed  by 
the  present  Baronet,  as  chief  mourner. 
The  deceased's  two  other  sons,  together 
with  his  two  brothers,  Benjamin  Wood, 
esq.  M.P.,  and  Robert  Wood,  esq.  with 
Dr.  Maddy  and  Mr.  Stephens,  his  sons- 
in-law,  the  family  physician  and  solicitor, 
and  Dr.  Kvans,  of  Gloucester,  also  at- 
tended. The  interment  took  place  in 
a  vault  constructed  in  the  churchyard. 

Hatherley  is  part  of  the  property  which 
the  late  Sir  Matthew  Wood  derived  from 
Mr.  James  Wood,  of  Gloucester.  He 
occupied  it  previously  to  the  death  of 
Mr.  James  Wood.  It  formerly  belonged 
to  Mr.  T.  Turner,  a  banker,  who  paid 
80,000/.  for  it ;  but  it  is  understood  that 
Mr.  Wood  purchased  it  for  half  that  sum. 
12 


General  Sib  Johk  G.  Ciobhb,  O.G.H. 

jiuff.  24.  At  Watergate,  his  teat  naar 
Lewes,  General  Sir  John  GhutaTU 
Crosbie,  G.C.H. 

This  gallant  officer  entered  the  rnmiv 
in  June,  1780,  became  Lientenftnt  SOth 
April,  1781 ;  Captain  in  the  67th  Foot, 
1st  May,  1783 ;  Major,  Slat  Dee.  1793 1 
Lieutenant- Colonel  in  the  Sidd  Foot,  28A 
Sept.  1794;  Colonel  in  the  armj,  lit 
Jan.  1800  i  Major.  General,  85th  April, 
1808;  Lieutenant- General,  4th  Jane, 
1813  ;  and  General,  22d  July.  1630.  Ob 
was  nominated  a  Grand  Croaa  of  the 
Hanoverian  Guelphic  Order  in  1837. 

He  married  Frances,  the  aole  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Geoige  Thomas,  caq.**  of 
Watergate  and  Yapton  Plaee,  Susies, 
M.P.  for  Chichester,  by  Francei,  dauffhter 
and  heir  of  John  Page,  esq.  also  M.P.  for 
Chichester.  By  that  lady  he  had  •  nn. 
merous  family,  of  whom  Katharine  Timiiiib 
the  youngest  daughter,  was  married  in 
1839  to  the  Hon.  Henry  Keppd,  Capt. 
K.N.  fourth  surviving  son  of  the  Ewi  of 
Albemarle. 


Reab-Adm.  Sia  Arthuk  FAmaoHjju 
Oct,  2.    At  his  seat,  Carlogie  OottauiB, 
Aberdeenshire,  aged  71,  Sir  Arthur  PuPm 
quhar,  Knt.  Rear- Admiral  of  the  Whit«| 
C.B.  and  K.C.H. 

This  ofiieer  was  the  ion  of  Robert  Fiw- 
quhar,  of  Newhall,  eo.  Kineardine,  etf. 
by  Agnes,  daughter  of  Jamet  Motieoo, 
of  Eilisich,  esq.  who  wai   Provost  of 
Aberdeen  in  the  memorable  year  1745^ 
and  who  particularly  distinguiabed  him- 
self at  tlwt  trying  period  b^  his  firm  n^ 
tachment  to  the  house  of  Brunswick. 
Mr.  Arthur  Farquhar  was  educated  dievs 
under  a  private  tutor,  and  commenced 
his    naval    career   in    Oct.    1787.     Ht 
served  as  a  Midshipman  on  board  the 
Lowestoffe  frigate.  Hyena  of  84  pms. 
and  Alcide  74;  the  two  former  employed 
as  cruisers  on  the  Channel,  Meditem- 
nean,  Milford,  and  Irish  stations;   the 
latter  a  guard-ship  at  Portsmouth,  oom« 
manded  by  his  earliest  and  principal  pro- 
fessional patron,   the  late    Sir  Andrew 
Snape  Douglas.     After  passing  the  usosl 
examination  for  a  Lieutenant,  Mr.  Fv- 
quhar  was  induced    to  quit  the    roful 
navy,  and  proceed  to  the  East  Indies  as  a 

*  Son  of  John  White,  esq.  of  Chiebai* 
ter,  by  Lydia,  daughter  of  Sir  Geoife 
Thomas,  the  first  Baronet  of  Yapteai 
Sir  George,  though  he  left  nude  issM^ 
bequeath^  estates  to  his  thre^  nephews 
Inigo  Freeman,  George  Thonoas  Freemaoy 
and  George  White,  esquires,  who  each  in 
consequence  aasttoied  toe  name  of  Thfh 
mas  only. 


1 843.]  OBtrvAnr, '^^ReoT'Adm.  Sir  Arthur  Farquhati 

free  mariner ;  but  he  had  scarcely  arrived 
there  when  a  war  broke  out  between 
Great  Britain  and  the  French  Republic, 
which  caused  him  to  change  his  plans, 
and  seek  an  opportunity  of  returning  to 
the  King's  service :  it  was  some  time, 
howeter,  before  he  succeeded,  in  accom- 
plishing his  intention.  The  first  man  of 
War  which  Mr.  Firquhar  joined  in  Indifi 
was  the  Hobart,  a  ship-sloop,  commanded 
by  Captain  B.  W.  Page,  from  which  he 
was  soon  removed  into  the  Suffolk  74, 
bearing  the  flag  of  Rear-Adm.  Rainier, 
commander-in-chief  on  that  station.  In 
the  early  part  of  1796  he  assisted  at  the 
capture  of  the  Harlingen,  a  Dutch  na- 
tional  brig,  of  14  guns  and  45  men,  and 
also  at  the  reduction  of  Amboyna  and 
Banda,  on  which  latter  service  he  held  the 
rank  of  Lieutenant  in  command  of  a 
Dutch  armed  vessel.  He  was  appointed 
a  supernumerary  Lieutenant  in  the  cap- 
tured brig,  which  was  named  the  Am- 
boyna, and  commissioned  by  Lieutenant 
Dobbie.  He  afterwards  served  in  sue- 
cession  to .  the  Swift  sloop  of  war,  and 
Carysfort  and  Heroine  frigates,  in  which 
last  ship  he  returned  home  as  First  Lieu- 
tenant, under  the  command  of  the  Hon. 
John  Murray,  in  July  1798. 

From  this  period  Lieut.  Farquhar  was 
actively  employed  in  the  Superb  74, 
Eolus  32,  and  Acasta  40,  on  the  Channel, 
Mediterranean,  Baltic,  and  North  Sea 
stations,  until  advanced  to  the  rank  of 
Commander,  April  29,  1802.  His  first 
appointment  after  this  promotion  was  Jan. 
16,  1804,  to  the  Acheron  bomb,  in  which 
vessel  he  made  a  most  heroic  defence 
against  an  enemy  of  overwhelming  su- 
periority, on  the  4th  Feb.  J  805,  The 
court-martial  assembled  on  this  occasion 
declared  their  opinion  that  the  conduct 
of  Captain  Farquhar  **  was  highly  meri- 
torious, and  deserving  imitation,"  and  he 
was  consequently  most  honourably  ac- 
quitted. After  the  delivery  of  this 
sentence,  the  President,  Sir  Richard 
Bickerton,  Bart,  addressed  Capt.  Far- 
quhar in  terms  to  the  following  effect : 
"  Captain  Farquhar,  I  return  vour  sword 
with  the  greatest  pleasure,  and  hope  you 
will  soon  be  called  upon  to  serve  in  a  ship 
that  will  enable  you  to  meet  THortense 
upon  more  equal  terms  ;  the  result  of  the 
contest  may  prove  more  lucrative  to  yoo, 
but  it  cannot  be  more  honourable." 

Captain  Farquhar  was  promoted  to  post 
rank  April  8,  1805,  and  the  Committee 
of  the  Patriotic  Fund  subsequently  voted 
him  a  sword,  value  ;£^100,  for  his  noble 
conduct  in  the  above  action.  At  the 
commencement  of  1806  he  attended  the 
public  funeral  of  Nelson,  and  in  the  coarse 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


645 


of  the  ensuing  spring  he  received  a  com- 
mission for  the  Ariadne,  rated  at20gnns» 
in  which  ship  he  was  employed  on  the 
Baltic  and  North  Sea  stations,  occasion- 
ally blockading  the  German  rivers,  till 
Feb.  24,  1809.  During  this  period  he 
captured  three  French  and  two  Danish 
privateers,  carrying  in  the  whole  44  guns 
and  216  men. 

In  Aug.  1809  Capt.  Farquhar  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  Desir^e  frigate,  and  during 
the  three  following  years  he  commanded  a 
squadron  employed  in  the  blockade  of  the 
Texel,  on  which  station  he  captured  four 
French  privateers,  carrying  46  guns  and 
176  men  ;  destroyed  a  gun  boat  and  three 
other  armed  vessels  ;  and  re- captured  a 
Danish  bark,  laden  with  timber  for  Sheer- 
ness  dork-yard.  His  subsequent  services 
in  the  Weser  and  Elbe,  where  he  com- 
manded a  light  squadron,  were  of  still 
greater  importance,  in  the  destruction  of 
various  batteries  on  those  rivers  ;  and  they 
were  closed  by  the  reduction  of  Gluck- 
stadt,  an  extremely  strong  fortress,  which 
had  been  several  times  besieged  by  pow- 
erful armies,  but  never  taken  until  Jan. 
5,  1814,  when  it  surrendered  to  a  division 
of  the  Crown  Prince  of  Sweden's  army^ 
under  the  command  of  Baron  de  Boy^, 
and  that  part  of  the  British  squadron  theii 
remaining  with  Captain  Farquhar,  after 
an  investment  of  sixteen,  and  a  most  ef- 
fectual bombardment  of  six,  days.  For 
this  service  he  received  a  letter  from  the 
Crown  Prince  of  Sweden,  creating  him  a 
Knight  of  the  Sword,  and  he  was  also  made 
a  Knight  of  the  Hanoverian  Guelphlc 
Order. 

Captain  Farquhar  was  appointed  to  the 
Liverpool,  a  40-gun  frigate.  May  4, 1814$ 
and  he  continued  to  command  that  ship; 
employed  principally  on  the  Cape  station, 
until  April  3,  1816.  He  obtained  thein^ 
signia  of  a  C.B.  in  1815,  and  was  pre- 
sented with  the  freedom  of  Aberdeen, 
Sept.  22,  1817. 

He  has  subsequently  served  as  second 
in  command  in  the  West  Indies,  and  for 
some  time  as  Commander-in-Chief;  and 
for  his  services  there,  during  a  rebellion 
of  the  negroes,  he  received  a  vote  of  thanks 
from  the  House  of  Assembly  of  Jamaicii, 
a  sword  of  the  value  of  150/.  and  a  piece 
of  plate  from  the  merchants.  On  his  re- 
turn home,  in  1833,  he  acquired  the  titli 
in  addition  to  his  insignia  of  knighthood, 
by  being  dubbed  a  Knight  bachelor.  He 
became  a  Hear- Admiral  in  1837. 

Sir  Arthur  Farquhar  married,  Aug.  15, 
1809,  Jane,  daughter  of  James  Murray, 
esq.  of  Camvere.  By  that  lady,  who  died 
in  Oct.  1816,  he  had  four  children)  two  of 
whom  are  now  living. 

4  A 


546      Obituary.— C.  Savill  OnJey^  Esq. — Robert  Steuart,  Esq.     [Nov. 


Charles  Savill  Onley,  Esq. 

Juff.  31.  At  Stilted  HmII,  Essex, 
■K«^d  87,  Charles  Srtvill  Oiiley,  esq. 
Bencher  of  the  Middle  Temple. 

He  was  the  third  son  of  Robert  Uar- 
vey,  esq.  mei chnnt  and  Imnker,  an  Alder- 
man ot  Norwich  (of  whom  and  his  family 
many  interesting:  particulars  were  ^iven  in 
our  ObitUHry,  May  1842  p.  555),  by  Ju- 
dith, daughter  of  Capt.  Onley,  K.N.  Mr. 
Onley,  then  CbHrles  Harvey,  was  called  to 
the  bar,  Nov.  24,  1780,  at  the  Middle 
Temple,  of  which  Society  he  afterwards 
became  a  Bencher.  In  1783  he  was 
elected  Steward,  and'in  1801  Recorder, 
ot  Norwi.-h.  In  1804,  his  portrait  was 
painted  by  Sir  Thomas  Lawience  at  the 
expense  of  the  Corporation,  and  is  to  be 
seen  at  the  ei  st  end  of  St.  Andrew's  Hull, 
on  the  Whlls  of\Ahich  building  portraits 
of  other  individuiiis  of  his  family  are  also 
FUflpciided.  Ill  1812  he  was  returned  to 
Parii>iment  for  Norwich,  after  a  contested 
election  which  terminated  as  follows : 
William  Smith,  esq.  .  1544 
Charlef:  Harvey,  esq.  .  1349 
John  Patteson,  esq.        .     1221 

At  the  dissolution  ot  1818,  he  retired 
from  the  representation  of  his  native  city, 
and  afterwards  sat  for  Carlow  from  1820 
to  1826.  It  was  in  Dec.  1822  that  he 
took  t  he  na  mcs  of  Savill  Onley,  on  the  death 
of  his  maternal  uncle,  the  Rev.  Charles 
Onley,  through  whom  he  came  to  the 
possession  of  a  very  fine  estate  in  Essex, 
besides  a  large  personal  property.  In 
1826  he  resigned  bis  Recordership. 
Amongst  other  public  situations  formerly 
held  by  this  respected  gentleman  were 
those  of  a  Chairman  of  the  Norfolk 
Quarter  Sessions,  a  Vice-President  of  the 
Literary  Fund  Society,  and  Lieut.-Colo- 
nel  of  Colonel  Patteson's  Battalion  of 
Norwich  Volunteers,  enrolled  in  1808 
as  a  regiment  of  Local  Militia.  He  also, 
with  acknowledged  advantage  to  the  in- 
terests, and  with  the  marked  approba- 
tion, of  the  shareholders,  filled  for  many 
years  the  office  ot  manager  to  the  Grand 
Junction  Canal  Company.  Mr.  Onley 
was  greatly  beloved  and  justly  esteemed 
by  his  numerous  connections  and  friends; 
and,  although  he  displayed  not  the  energy 
which  disitinguished  the  character  and 
animated  the  conduct  of  his  lamented 
brother,  the  late  Lieut.- Colonel  Harvey, 
yet  id  kindness  of  disposition  and  in 
cheerful  sociality  of  temper  they  greatly 
resembled  each  other. 

Mr.  Onley  married  first  Sarah,  daughter 
of  J.  Haynes,  esq.  by  whom  he  bad  issue 
one  son,  Onley  Savill  Onley,  esq.  who 
married  his  cousin  Caroline,  daughter  of 
John  Hiirvey,  esq.  of  Thorpe,  and  has 
issue ;  and  two  daughters,  Sarah,  married 
to   William    Herring,  esq.  and  Judith, 


married  to  Charles  Turner,  esq.  Mre. 
Hnrvey  having  died  in  1800,  Mr.  (Savill- 
Onlev,  then)  Harvey  married,  secondly, 
Charlotte,  sister  of  his  former  wife. 

Robert  Steitart,  Ebq. 

July  15.  At  Santa  F€  da  Bogota, 
Spain,  in  his  37th  year,  Robert  Steuait, 
esq.  Her  Biitannic  Majesty's  Ciiargift 
d'Affaires  and  Consul  General  at  tlwt 
place,  Vice-President  of  the  Highland 
Society  of  London,  and  late  M.  P.  for  the 
Haddington  district  of  buigfas. 

He  was  the  descendant  of  an  ancient 
family  seated  at  Alderston,  in  Haddington- 
shire, of  which  county  he  was  a  magiatnite 
and  a  Commissioner  of  Supply.  He  was 
first  elected  for  the  Haddington  burghs 
in  1831  ;  but  in  the  following  session  of 
Parliament  waa  unseated  on  petition,  {n 
consequence  of  its  being  proved  that  five 
of  the  electors  had  been  foroblj  taken 
away  in  order  to  prevent  thera  recording 
their  votes  in  favour  of  bis  opponent.  He 
was,  however,  again  returned  in  1^8  for 
the  same  constituency,  and  continued  to 
reprebcnt  it  in  Parliament  until  the  general 
election  in  1841,  when  he  was  defeated 
by  Mr.  Maitland  Balfour  by  a  nujority 
ot  nine  votes,  the  numbers  being  for  Mr. 
Balfour  273,  and  for  Mr.  Steu^rt  264. 

The  deceased  gentleman  was  of  Whig 
principles,  inclining  to  Radicalism,  aii4 
held  office  as  a  Lord  of  the  Treasury, 
under  Lord  Melbourne's  administratioii, 
from  April  1835  to  May  ISU).  He 
declared  himself  to  be  "in  favour  of  the 
expulsion  of  the  Inahops  from  the  House 
of  Lords,  and  of  the  ballot  and  free  trade.** 

He  was  appointed  to  the  Consulship  of 
Santa  F^  da  Bogota  in  August  1841,  and 
bad  only  arrived  in  the  countiy  a  few 
weeks  when  he  was  seized  with  a  seven 
attack  of  ague  and  fever,  which  threatoied 
for  some  time  to  terminate  fatally.  He 
however  rallied,  and  bad  recovered  in  a 
great  measure  bis  accustomed  strength 
and  spirits,  when  he  was  seized  by  a  neomd 
attack  of  a  similar  nature,  but  after  an 
illness  of  long  duration  had  again  quite 
recruited,  when  in  July  last  he  fell  a  victim 
to  a  third  attack,  in  the  prime  of  life,  and 
after  a  very  short  illness. 

In  his  capacity  of  consul  Mr.  Steuart 
bad  greatly  endeared  himself  to  the  in- 
habitants by  his  uniform  urbanity  and 
courtesy  toward  them,  and  bis  decease  waa 
a  subject  of  general  lamentation  throv^ghout 
New  Granada.  His  remains  were  foU 
lowed  to  their  last  resting  place  by  a 
public  procession  of  the  citizens  of  Santa 
Fe  da  Bogota. 

He  married,  in  1827,  Maria,  third 
daughter  of  the  late  LieucCol.  Samuel 
Dalrymple,  C.B.  and  has,  we  believe,  left 
issue  by  her. 


1843.]  J.  B.  Hoy,  Esq.^J.  C.  Butteel,  Esq.^J.B.  S.  Morriti,  Esq.  &4f 


James  Barlow  Hoy,  Esq. 

jiuff.  13.  At  the  Hospice  de  Vieille, 
in  the  Pyrenees,  James  Barlow  Hoy.  esq. 
of  Thornhill  Park,  and  late  of  Midan. 
bury,  Hampshire. 

Mr.  Hoy  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and 
bis  patronymic  was  Barlow.  He  assumed 
the  name  of  Hoy  upon  inheriting  the 
great  wealth  of  Mr.  Hoy,  a  Russian 
merchant.  He  was  a  persevering  can- 
didate,  in  the  Conservative  interest,  for 
the  representation  of  the  town  of  South- 
ampton  in  Parliament,  and  was  returned 
to  four  Parliaments.  We  believe  he  had 
been  an  unsuccessful  competitor  at  three 
elections  previous  to  that  in  Jan.  ISdO, 
when  he  was  returnee)  by  437  votes  to  175 
polled  for  John  Storey  Penleaze,  esq.  At 
the  general  election  in  the  same  year  he 
was  rechosen  without  opposition.  In 
] 831  be  was  defeated,  the  poll  being,  for 


Arthur  Atherley,  esq.  , 
John  S.  Penleaze,  esq.  . 
James  Barlow  Hoy,  esq. 


732 
632 
321 


In  1832  his  votes  exceeded  those  for 
Mr.  Penleaze  by  ten  (604  to  594),  but 
on  a  petition  the  latter  obtained  the  seat. 
In  1835  Mr.  Hoy  came  in  again  at  the 
head  of  the  poll — 

James  Barlow  Hoy,  esq.  .  .  508 

Abel  Rous  Dottin,  esq.  .  .  492 

John  Easthope,  esq.      .  .  .  423 

Peregrine  Bingham,  esq.  .  .  371 

In  1837  he  declined  the  contest 
He  was  a  gentleman  of  great  talent, 
courteous  and  urbane  in  manners,  and  a 
liberal  benefactor  to  the  poor.  He  was 
fond  of  ornithology,  and  was  in  the 
Pyrenees  for  the  object  of  collecting  rare 
birds,  when  his  gun  burst  and  shattered 
bis  left  arm  in  so  dreadful  a  manner  that 
deHth  was  the  result. 

He  married  Sept.  10,  1831,  Marian- 
D'Oyley,  only  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Sheardman  Bird,  esq.  of  Hnrold's  Park, 
Essex^  and  niece  of  Lady  Newbolt,  and 
has  left  issue  a  daughter. 


John  Crocker  Bulteel,  Esq. 

Sept.  10.  In  Great  George-street, 
Westminster,  John  Crocker  Bulteel,  esq. 
of  Fleet  in  Devonshire. 

This  gentleman  was  the  son  and  heir 
of  John  Bulteel,  esq.  of  Fleet  and 
Lynrbam.  Being  the  son-in-luw  of 
Loid  Grey,  he  came  forward  as  a  candi- 
date for  the  Southern  Division  of  Devon- 
shire at  the  first  election  alter  the  Re- 
form Bill,  and  was  returned  after  aeon- 
test  which  terminated  as  follows  : 

Lord  John  Russell  .  .  3782 
J.  Crocker  Bulteel,  esq.  3684 
Sir  J.  y.  BuUer,  Bart.   .    3217 


In  1835  there  was  a  compromise  be- 
tween the  parties,  and,  to  avoid  a  contest, 
Mr.  Bulteelgave  way  toSir  J.  Y.  Buller, 
who  was  returned  with  Lord  John  Rus- 
sell ;  the  latter  of  whom,  immediately 
after,  on  being  appointed  Home  Secre- 
tary, was  ejected  by  another  Tory,  Mr, 
M.  E.  N.  Parker.  Mr.  Bulteel  subse- 
quently served  the  office  of  Sheriff  of 
Devonshire  in  1841..  He  was  a  talented 
and  warm-hearted  gentleman,  and  much 
respected  in  the  county  as  a  magistrate. 

Mr.  Bulteel  married,  May  13,  1826, 
Lady  Elizabeth  Grey,  2d  daughter  of 
Charles  Earl  Grey,  by  whom  he  leaves 
a  youthful  family. 

J.  B.  S.  MoRRiTT,  Esq. 

July  12.  At  Rokeby  Park,  Yorkshire, 
in  his  72d  year,  John  Bacon  Sawrey 
Morritt,  esq. 

He  WHS  the  son  and  heir  of  John 
Sawrey  Morritt,  esq.  of  the  same  place 
(eldest  son  of  Bacon  Morritt,  esq.  of 
Cawood,  and  of  Anne  Sawrey,  of  Plimp- 
ton in  Furness,)  by  Anne,  daughter  of 
Henry  Pierse,  esq.  of  Bedale.  His  father 
died  in  1791  ;  his  mother  in  1809.  The 
estate  of  Rokeby  was  purchased  by  the 
former,  in  1769,*  of  the  family  of 
Robinson,  one  of  whom,  the  Archbishop 
of  Armagh,  was  raised  to  the  peerage  of 
Ireland,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Rokeby.  In 
1813  Walter  Scott  rendered  the  name  im- 
measurably more  popular  by  his  poem  of 
Rokeby.  A  long  and  lively  letter  of 
Mr.  Morritt  to  Scott  on  the  history  and 
traditions  of  his  neighbourhood,  written 
on  the  first  announcement  of  the  Poet's 
intention,  and  dated  28th  Dec.  1811,  is 
inserted  in  Mr.  Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott. 

Mr.  Morritt  was  of  St.  John's  college, 
Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  B.A. 
1794,  M.A.  1798.  He  was  one  of  the 
earliest  and  roost  extensive  Greek  tra- 
vellers of  the  present  generation,  and,  after 
two  years  spent  in  the  interesting  countries 
of  the  East,  he  returned  with  a  mind  re- 
plete with  classical  information,  and  a 
taste  for  every  liberal  art.  It  was  during 
his  residence  abroad  that  Bryant  promuU 
ffated'his  fanciful  theories  on  the  site  of 
Troy.  On  his  return,  Mr.  Morritt,  with 
Chevalier  and  others,  entered  keenly  into 
the  Trojan  controversy,  and  became  one 
of  the  most  successful  supporters  of 
Homer,  and  able  vindicators  of  his  loca- 

*  Letter  of  Mr.  Morritt  above  men. 
tioned.  Dr.  Whitaker,  in  his  History  of 
Richmondshire,  does  not  inform  u;)  when ; 
and,  with  abundance  of  the  must  interest- 
ing materials  before  him,  he  is  more  than 
usually  capricious  and  perverse  iu  his  ac» 
count  of  Rokeby. 


548 


Obituary. — Samuel  CHrdlestone,  Esq*  Q.C. 


[NOF. 


lion  of  the  Troad.  His  two  dissertations 
are  familiar  to  every  classical  scholar,  and 
went  as  far  towards  the  settlement  of  that 
vexata  guestio  as  any  of  the  productions 
of  the  period.  He  published  also  trans- 
lations from  the  minor  Greek  poets,  and 
was  author  of  articles  in  the  Quarterly 
Beview,  and  of  pamphlets  called  forth  by 
the  passing  events  of  the  day. 

His  attachment  to  Church  and  State 
placed  him  always  forward  and  conspicuous 
in  the  ranks  of  Conservative  politicians, 
and  while  in  Parliament,  as  the  member  for 
Beverley,  Northallerton,  and  Shaftesbury, 
be  was  the  steady  supporter  of  those 
principles.  He  was  first  elected  for  Be- 
verley on  a  vacancy  in  1799,  polling  512 
to  369  given  for  John  Wharton,  esq. ; 
but  in  1802  he  was  defeated  by  that 
gentleman,  who  had  previously  sat  in 
Parliament  for  the  snme  borough.  The 
election  of  1802  terminated  thus : — 
John  Wharton,  esq.  .  .  736 
General  Barton ....  690 
J.  B.  JMorritt,  esq.      .     .     626 

As  a  member  of  the  Dilettanti  Society, 
he  was  distinguished  by  his  taste  and 
knowledge  in  painting  and  sculpture,  and 
he  edited  some  of  their  latter  most  im- 
portant productions. 

His  literary  and  scientific  acquirements, 
however,  constituted  the  least  of  his  worth, 
as  he  was  a  man  of  high  principle  and 
sterling  honour,  and  exemplary  in  every 
relation  in  life.  His  large  fortune  he 
always  regarded  as  an  important  trust 
committed  for  a  time  to  his  keeping  for 
the  benefit  of  others,  as  well  as  for  his 
own  gratification,  and  he  was  liberal, 
charitable,  and  benevolent.  Such  quali- 
ties recommended  him  as  a  friend  to  most 
of  the  literary  characters  of  the  day. 
Among  these  may  be  enumerated  more 
especially  Wilberforce,  Sir  Walter  Scott, 
Sir  Humphry  Davy,  Sir  W.  Gell,  Southey, 
Lockhart,  W.  Stewart  Rose,  Payne 
Knight,  and  the  late  Earl  of  Harewood, 
a  friend  who  loved  him  as  a  brother. 

On  his  friendship  and  intercourse  with 
Sir  Walter  Scott  a  few  more  particulars 
may  be  added.  It  commenced  in  1808, 
from  the  introduction  of  Mr.  W.  S.  Rose 
and  Lady  Louisa  Stuart,  and  with  a  visit 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Morritt  to  Edinburgh, 
some  account  of  which  was  furnished  by 
Mr.  Morritt  to  Lockhart,  and  is  published 
in  the  Life  of  the  Poet.  The  same  work 
contains  more  than  thirty  letters  of  Scott 
to  Mr.  Morritt,  and  several  of  Mr.  Mor- 
ritt to  Scott,  one  of  which,  a  very  inte- 
resting and  important  one,  we  have 
already  referred  to.  *'  When  I  name 
Mr.  Morritt  of  Rokeby,"  savs  Mr.  Lock- 
hart, "  I  have  done  enough  to  prepare 
many  of  my  readers  to  e3f:pect  not  inferior 


gratification  [to  that  derived  ficom  Scott's 
correspondence  with  Miss  Johanna  BailUel 
from  the  still  more  abundant  series  of 
letters  in  which,  from  this  time  to  the 
end  of  his  life,  Scott  communicated  his 
thoughts  and  feelings  to  one  of  the  most 
accomplished  men  that  ever  shared  his 
confidence.  He  had  now  reached  a  period 
of  life  in  which  real  friendships  are  seldom 
formed  ;  and  it  is  fortunate  that  another 
English  one  had  been  thoroughly  com- 
pacted before  death  cut  the  ties  between 
him  and  George  Ellis,  because  his  dearest 
intimates  within  Scotland  had  of  course 
but  a  slender  part  in  his  written  oorres- 
pondence.'*  Mr.  Morritt's  anecdotea  off 
Scott,  particularly  of  his  reception  and 
conduct  in  London  in  1809,  form  also 
very  valuable  contributions  to  Mr.  Lock« 
hart*s  pages.  In  1830  Scott  <*  bad  great 
pleasure  in  again  finding  himself  at 
Rokeby,  and  recollecting  a  hundred  pas- 
sages of  past  time. — Morritt  Iooks  well 
and  easy  in  his  mind,  which  I  am  oe- 
lighted  to  see.  He  is  now  one  of  my 
oldest,  and,  I  believe,  one  of  my  -most 
sincere  friends ;  a  man  unequalled  in  the 
mixture  of  sound  good  sense,  hlffh  literary 
cultivation,  and  the  kindest  anasiiveetett 
temper  that  ever  graced  a  human  boadm."* 
—Sir  W.  Scott's  Diary. 

He  married  in  1803  Miss  Stanleji  sifter 
of  Colonel  Stanley,  of  CrosshaU,  formerly 
member  for  the  county  of  Lancaster,  and 
nearly  allied  to  the  illustrious  house  of 
Derby,  but  had  been  for  many  years  a 
widower. 


Samuel  Gibdlestone  ,  Esq.  Q.  C 

Oct.  3.  At  Sandgate,  Kent,  wbit^ec 
he  had  retired  in  consequence  of  ill  heidth, 
Samuel  Girdlestone,  esq.  one  of  Her'  Mk- 
jesty's  Counsel,  and  a  Bencher  of  ttie 
Middle  Temple ;  late  of  Chester-terracej 
Regents'  Park. 

He  was  called  to  the  bar  by  that  Hon. 
Society,  21st  April  1820,  and  ^a^  ad- 
vanced to  the  degree  of  a  Queen'f  C(Uii||el 
in  Hilary  Term  1839.  His  practice  was 
entirely  confined  to  the  Equity  Courts, 
where  he  ranked  amongst  the  leading 
members  of  the  Chancery  Bar.  His 
chamber  practice  previous  to  receiving  the 
honour  of  a  silk  gown  was  verv  consider- 
able, and  as  an  equity  draughtsman  he 
stood  with  his  professional  brethren  in 
high  repute. 

Mr.  Girdlestone  was  a  widower,  havino; 
lost  his  wife  so  recently  as  May  'l8w^ 
since  which  time  his  health  and  spirits 
Seemed  entirely  to  have  failed,  and  be 
soon  after  relinquished  the  duties  of  his 
profession.  He  had  not  attained  his 
fiftieth  year,  and  has  left,  we  bjaUevOy 
several  children  to  lament  the  km  of  a 


i  843.5      Rev.  H.  Blunt ^  Ht.A.-^B^.  J.  a0yiQn.rTrMr.  R.  Usher.     540 

kind  and  affectionate  father.  The  de- 
ceased gentleman  has  two  brothers  iQ 
the  Church,  viz.  Charles,  ^lector  of  Air 
derl^y/  cq.  Chester,  and  Sdward,  Vicar 
of  pean^  liancashire. 


JIev.  HENftY  Blunt,  M.A. 

July  2iOL  The  Rev.  Henry  Blunt,  M.A. 
Rector  of  Streatham,  Surrey,  and  Chap- 
lain to  the  Puke  of  Richmond. 

Mr.  Blunt  was  for  some  years  incam- 
bent  of  Trinity  church  in  Sloane  Street, 
called  Upper  Chelsea,  where  his  ministry 
w^s  highly  popular,  ^nd  from  \irbich  he 
removed  on  being  presented  in  April  1835, 
by  the  Duke  of  Bedford,  to  the  rectory  of 
Streatham.  **  His  death  was  in  harmony 
\vith  bis  life.  His  intellect  clear ;  his  fiEdtn 
unclouded ;  his  spirit  humble,  affectioni^te, 
thankful,  cheerful,  happy ;  his  interest  in 
the  church  and  in  the  cause  of  his  Saviour 
i^adepi^ing." — Record. 

Mr.  Biunt*8  printed  discourses  were 
also  very  popular ;  they  were  publifh^d 
under  the  following  titles : 

T\YO  Sermons  on  the  Sacrament  1825. 

A  Sermon  preached  at  the  Funeral  of 
Gen.  Sir  Henry  Calvert,  Bart.  G.C.B. 
1826, 

Eight  Lectures  upon  the  History  of 
Jacob.  1828.. 

Nine  Lectures  upon  the  History  of  St. 
Peter.  1829. 

National  Mercies  a  motive  for  National 
Reformation.  1830. 

Twelve  Lectures  upon  the  History  of 
Abraham.  1831. 

A  Sermon  upon  the  Lord's  Day.  1832. 

Twelve  Lectures  upon  the  History  of 
St.  Paul.     Part  L  1832. 

History  of  St.  Paul.     Part  II.  1833. 

Two  Discourses  upon  the  Trial  of  the 
Spirits.  183a 

Lectures  upon  the  History  of  our  Lord 
and  Saviour  Jesus  Christ  1834. 

An  Ordination  Sermon.  1834*. 

An  Exposition  of  the  Pentateuch. 

Most  of  these  have  gone  through  several 
editions. 


He  was  the  author  of — 

The  Snares  of  Prosperity,  n  Sermon. 
7o  which  is  added.  An  Essny  on  Yisitinff. 
1789,  8vo, 

The  Duty  of  Christians  to  Magistrates, 
a  Sermon.  1791,  8vo. 

A  Sermon  on  the  Application  of  th« 
Dissenters  for  the  Repeal  of  the  Test  Act 

Thanksgiving  Sermon  for  the  Peace  of 
Amiens.  1802. 

A  Counter  and  Impartial  Statement 
relative  to  4  recent  withdrawal  from  a 
Dissenting  Independent  Church.  1805, 
8vo. 

Charges  at  the  Ordination  of  his  sons 
John  and  George,  and  of  Mr.  Brooksbaak. 

Mr.  Clayton  married  a  sister  of  Mr. 
Benjamin  Flower,  printer,  of  Harlow, 
Essex,  with  whom  he  and  his  family  had 
so  serious  an  altercation  as  to  require  the 
decision  of  a  court  of  law*  Two  of  his 
sons  are  ministers  of  large  congregations  | 
the  eldest,  the  Rev.  John  Clayton,  at  the 
Poultry  Chapel,  and  the  second,  the  Rev. 
George  dayton,  at  York  Street  Chapel, 
Walworth. 


Rfiv.  John  Clayton. 

Sept.  22.  In  his  90th  year,  after  % 
somewhat  long  illness,  the  Rev.  John 
Clayton,  senior,  formerly  Pastor  of  the 
Weigh- house  Independent  meeting. 

He  was  brought  up  in  an  apothecary'^ 
shop,  but  removed  thence  to  Trevecca, 
one  of  the  Lady  Huntingdon's  colleges  in 
Wales,  and  became  a  methodist  preacher. 
About  1796  he  joined  the  Independents 
as  minister  of  the  King's  Weigb-house 
chnpel  near  London  Bridge,  which  he  held 
for  many  years,  but  at  length  relinquished 
in  consequence  of  increasing  age  and  in- 
firmities. 


Mb.  RicHAftD  UsHut 
S^t.  23.     At  his  residence,  Hescules* 
buildings,  Lambeth,  after  an  illness  of 
some    months,     Mr.     Richard     Usher, 
Clown  at  Astley's  Amphitheatre. 

For  the  last  half  century  no  man  had 
contributed  more  to  the  amusement  of 
the  public.  Migratory  from  his  cradle^ 
his  name  is  femiliar  as  a  household  word 
from  the  Shetlands  to  Cape  Claar.  Not« 
withstanding  he  has  borne  for  many  years 
the  appellation  of  «<  Old  Dicky  Usher,'^ 
he  had  scarcely  reached  his  58th  year. 
His  father  was  the  proprietor  of  a  me- 
chanical exhibition,  and  about  the  end  of 
the  last  century  was  well  known  over  the 
north  of  England  and  Ireland.  Like  hit 
son  he  possessed  a  remarkable  aptitude 
for  curious  contrivances,  and  his  periodi- 
cal visits  to  different  towns  were  deemed 
very  memorable  events  by  the  wondering 
inhabitants.  **  Little  Dicky"  st  a  yerf 
early  age  was  a  conspicuous  person,  and 
contributed  by  his  activity  and  ^rewd- 
ness  to  the  success  of  '*  the  concern.** 
A  spirit  of  adventure  induced  him  to  start 
on  his  own  account,  and  in  company  with 
a  friend  he  collected  a  **  considerable 
quantity  oi'  coppers''  i^  the  towns  of 
Newcastie,  Manchester,  Liverpool,  &c» 
On  oni^  of  these  occasions  he  was  fortu* 
nate  enough  to  attract  the  notice  of  Mr, 
Banks,  proprietor  of  the  Liverpool  Am- 
pbitheatre,  who  immecfiately  offered  him 
an  engagement,  whicli  Dicky  joyfully  ac- 
cepted, and  made  bis  first  bow  to  a  liver- 
pcMol  sudience  at  the  Christmas  of  180?» 
liis  success  there  was  prodigious— hia 


550 


Obituary. — CleYgy  Deceased, 


tl*|>r. 


readiness  in  the  circle  supplied  a  stock  of 
jokes  for  the  universal  public,  and  no 
contrivance,    however  extravagant,   was 
considered  impossible  for  bis  invention. 
His  fame   reached  the   ears  of  the  ma- 
nagers of  Astley's,  and  in  the  year  1809 
he  appeared  in  London  under  the  ma- 
nagement   of    Mr.    John    Astley.     He 
forthwith   became   a   favourite,   and   for 
many  years  Usher's  benefit  was  an  occa- 
sion on  which  an  extraordinary  perform- 
ance would  take  place,  both  in  and  out 
of  the  theatre.     The  most  remarkable  of 
these  feats  was  the  announcement  of  his 
intention   to   sail  from    Westminster   to 
Waterloo-bridge  in  a  washing-tub  drawn 
by  geese,  and  to  proceed  thence  to  the 
doburg  Theatre  in  a  car  drawn  by  eight 
torn  cats.     The  first  part  of  this  journey 
he  performed  in  safety ;  but,  although  the 
mousers    were    regularly    harnessed,   so 
great  was  the  crowd  in  the  Waterloo-road 
that  it  was  impossible   to  proceed  ;  in 
consequence  several  "jolly  young  water- 
men'* shouldered  Usher  and  his  stud,  and 
bore  them  in  triumph  to  the  theatre.  In- 
creased years,  however,  had  not  added  to 
his  elasticity  of  limb,  and  latterly  he  con- 
fined himself  to  invention  and  design. 

When  Mr.  Batty,  the  present  owner 
and  manager  of  Astley's,  completed  the 
purchase  of  the  property,  several  archi- 
tects were  recommended  to  his  notice, 
but  he  emphatically  declared  that  "  Dicky 
Usher  was  the  only  man  that  could  do 
it.**  Usher  was  accordingly  retained, 
and  the  present  extensive  building  was 
constructed  solely  from  his  plans  and 
models.  The  excitement  he  experienced 
at  witnessing  the  successful  completion  of 
his  work  is  supposed  to  have  been  the 
commencement  of  his  fatal  illness.  Usher 
was  known  in  the  profession  as  "  the 
John  Kemble'*  of  bis  art;  and,  in  the 
ring,  was  the  counterpart  of  Grimaldi  on 
the  stage:  never  descending  to  coarse- 
ness or  vulgarity,  his  manner  was  irre- 
sistibly comic,  and  his  jokes  remarkable 
for  their  point  and  originality.  They  are, 
in  fact,  sufficiently  numerous  to  outface 
the  ventable  Joe  Miller  if  they  could  be 
collected  and  published.  As  a  stage 
clown  he  was  second  only  to  Grimaldi, 
and  the  several  stock  pantomimes  he  has 
invented  and  written  were  undoubted 
proofs  of  his  genius  and  taste.  Mr. 
Usher  was  twice  married:  his  second 
wife,  a  sister  to  Mr.  Wallack,  survives 
bim^  with  a  family. 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

The  Rev.  Jamet  Ellard,  incumbent  of 
the  union  of  Derrinane,  county  of  Lime- 
rick. 


At  Appleby  Castle,  Westmorland,  Med 
79,  the  Rev  John  Hi^liM,  Rector^ of 
Brougham,  in  that  county.  He  wjgof 
University  college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1TQ7. 

At  the  Mauritius,  in  retuming  wpm 
India,  on  account  of  hii  health,  aged  90, 
the  Rev.  Arthur  Leighton  Irwim,  B(,  A. 
Principal  of  the  Collegiate  Seminary  of 
the  Society  for  Propagating  the  Qi^pel  ' 
at  Madras.  He  was  of  GonviUe  ^d 
Caius  college,  Cambridge,  B. A.  18M; 
was  presented  to  the  rectory  of  St. 
Clement's,  Norwich,  by  that  tocitty  in 
April  1839;  and  received  his  appoiDtBbent 
at  Madras  from  the  Society  for  the  Propa- 
gation of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parte,  in 
Aug.  1841. 

The  Rev.  R.  Je$9op,  Rector  of  Kil- 
glass,  county  of  Longford. 

At  the  glebe-house,  JulianatowQ,  Ire- 
land, the  Rev.  Mr.  Vandelntr, 

In  Dublin,  aged  41,  the  Rev.  Oermrd 
Willey. 

June  30,  At  Penmark  vicenife,  Gla- 
morganshire, the  Rev.  J,  Robert  tkteb^rd^ 
Rector  of  St.  Athan,  in  the  same  county. 
He  was  the  only  son  of  the  Rev.  John 
Thomas  Casberd,  D.D.  who  ii  lince  de- 
ceased (see  Oct,  13).  He  was  inttitnCad 
to  the  rectory  of  St.  Athan  in  1B90. 

July  2.  Aged  84,  the  Rev.  JOmgk 
Lauffhame,  Vicar  of  Radford  Seoiele  and 
Rowington,  and  many  years  Chapibdo  of 
Warwick  Gaol.  He  was  presented  to 
Radford  Semele  in  1789,  and  to  Rowii^. 
ton,  by  the  Lord  Chancellor,  in  181S. 

July  6.  At  Birmingham,  the  Rev. 
William  Riland  Be^ord,  M.A.  Rector 
of  Sutton  Coldiield,  Warwickshire,  to 
which  church  he  was  instituted  in  18SS, 
it  being  in  his  own  patronage.  He  died 
suddenly  of  apoplexy,  from  agitation  oc- 
casioned by  an  accidental  encounter  in  dw 
street. 

July  13.  By  hanging  himself  in  \Am 
bed.room,the  Rev.  Jacob  Snel^tw,  Viou 
of  Royston.  He  was  educated  at  one  of 
the  Dissenting  colleges,  and  for  teveial 
years  remained  in  the  Independent  deoo* 
mination.  He  was  first  ordained  minister 
of  a  Dissenting  congregation  in  Buddog- 
hamshire,  whence  he  removed  to  a  small 
chapel  at  Hampstead,  fh)m  the  pulpit  of 
which  he  retireid  for  the  purpose  of  join- 
ing the  Established  Church.  In  1839  he 
entered  as  a  ten -year  n!an  at  St.  John'a 
college,  Cambridge.  He  afterwards  be* 
came  curate  to  the  Rev.  Herbert  Markh, 
Rector  of  Barnack,  Northamptonshire, 
and  in  1841  was  preferred  to  the  viGamgo 
of  Royston,  Herts,  on  the  presentatioa 
of  Lord  Dacre. 

July  24.  At  Leominster,  Hereford* 
shire,  aged  81,  the  Rev.  John  T^hr, 
D.D.   Perpetual  Curate  of  Hope  anq 


1843.1 


Clergy  Deceased. 


551 


Ford,  and  for  thirty-five  years  a  magis- 
trate for  that  county.  He  was  presented 
to  Ford  in  1802  by  R.  Arkwright,  esq. 
and  collated  to  Hope  by  the  Bishop  of 
Hereford  in  1807. 

Aug,  8.  At  Westgate  hill,  Northum- 
berland, aged  27,  the  Rev.  Marcus  AUen, 
B.A.  Minister  of  St.  Paul's,  and  After- 
noon Lecturer  of  St.  John's,  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne. 

Auy.W.  At  Liverpool,  in  his  50th 
year,  the  Rev.  Richard  Cargilh  incum- 
bent of  the  church  of  St.  John  the  Evan- 
gelist in  that  town,  and  late  of  Notting- 
ham-place, Marylebone.  He  was  of  St. 
Catharine's  hall,  Cambridge,  LL.B.1829. 

Jug,  13.  At  Frampton,  Dorsetshire, 
aged  81,  the  Rev.  William  Butler ,  Vicar 
of  that  pari^h.  He  was  of  Wadham  col- 
lege,  Oxford,  B.  C.  L.  1787,  and  was 
presented  to  Frampton  in  1806,  by  F.  J. 
Browne,  esq. 

At  Wick,  the  Rev.  John  Richards, 
Vicar  of  St.  Donat's  and  St.  Bride's 
Minor,  Glamorganshire.  He  was  pre- 
sented to  the  latter  in  1807  by  the  Earl 
of  Dunraven,  and  to  the  former  in  1832 
by  T.  J.  Drake,  esq. 

j4ug,  16.  At  Oxendon,  Northampton- 
shire, aged  82,  the  Rev.  George  Boulton, 
for  fifty.seven  years  Rector  of  that  parish. 
He  was  of  Pembroke  college,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1783,  M.A.  1787,  and  was 
presented  to  his  living  in  1786  by  A. 
Boulton,  esq. 

At  Northampton,  aged  60,  the  Rev. 
ff^iiliam  Drake,  M.  A.  for  twenty- 
five  years  Chaplain  to  the  Northampton 
County  Gaol. 

Jug.  19.  At  Colwinstone,  near  Cow- 
bridge,  aged  90,  the  Rev.  Evan  Jones, 
Curate  and  Vicar  of  that  parish  for  fifty- 
nine  years. 

At  Llanerchymedd,  aged  38,  the  Rev. 
/.  Jones,  B.  A.  Curate  of  Rhodogeidio 
and  Llantrisant,  Anglesey. 

Jug.  20.  At  Coopersale  rectory,  Es- 
sex, the  Rev.  Charles  BoydAbdy,  Rector 
of  that  place  and  Theydon  Gurnon,  a 
rural  dean,  and  a  magistrate  of  that 
county.  He  was  the  third  son  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Abdy  Abdy,  of  Albyns,  by 
Mary,  daughter  of  J:imes  Hayes,  esq.  of 
Holliport.  He  was  of  Jesus  college,  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  graduated  B.A.  1811, 
M.A.  1814  :  and  was  presented  to  They- 
don Gurnon  in  1812  by  his  brother  J.  R. 
Abdy,  esq.  He  officiated  as  Chaplain  to 
the  present  High  Sheriff  at  the  late  assize. 

Jug.  22.  At  Manor-house,  Croydon, 
the  Rev.  Dr.  George  Ogle  Vemer, 

Jug.  23,  At  Holt,  Norfolk,  aged  41, 
the  Rev.  William  Robert  Taylor,  Rector 
of  Town  Barningham,  and  Perpetual 
Curate  of  West  Beckham.    He  was  for- 


merly of  Jesus  college,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1826 ;  was  promoted  to  West  Beckham 
in  1829  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Nofm 
wich  ;  and  to  Town  Barningham  in  1832 
by  J.  T.  Molt,  esq. 

Jug,  25.  At  his  residence,  Triangle, 
Rhayader,  co.  Radnor,  the  Rev.  William 
Jones,  for  many  years  Curate  of  St.  Har- 
mon's and  Uanrothal. 

At  Milford  hall,  near  Stafford,  aged 
70,  the  Rev.  Richard  Ltvett,  formerly 
of  All  Souls'  college,  Oxford,  where  he 
took  the  degree  of  B.C.L.  June  30, 1797. 

Jug,  26.  At  Headington,  near  Ox- 
ford, aged  31,  the  Rev.  Francis  James 
Marshall,  M.A.  Chaplain  of  New  Col- 
lege. 

Jug.  28.  At  Holton  le  Beckering, 
Lincolnshire,  the  Rev.  John  Hale,  Rec>i 
tor  of  that  pari>h  and  of  Bu»lingthorpe. 
He  was  presented  to  the  former  in  1812 
by  C.  Turnor,  esq.  and  to  the  latter  in 
1828  by  the  Governors  of  the  Charter 
House. 

Jtig,  29.  At  East  Dereham,  Norfolk, 
at  an  advanced  age,  the  Rev.  William 
Deighton,  B.  A.  Rector  of  Whinbergh 
with  .  Westfield,  and  formerly  Vicar  of 
Carbrooke,  Norfolk.  He  was  of  Lin- 
coln college,  Oxford;  was  presented  to 
both  his  livings  by  Sir  W.  Clayton,  Bart, 
to  Whinbergh  in  1805,  and  to  Carbrooke 
in  I8I6. 

Sept,  1.  At  Westfield,  Sussex,  by 
the  accidental  discharge  of  a  gun,  aged 
27,  the  Rev.  Henry  Edward  Pratt,  Vicar 
of  Warding,  in  the  same  county.  He  was 
of  University  college,  Oxford ;  and  was 
instituted  to  Wartling  in  1841. 

Sept,  3.  At  Ilfracombe,  Devonshire, 
aged  62,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Edward 
Bridges,  D.D.  President  of  Corpus  Christ! 
college,  Oxford.  He  took  the  degree  of 
M.A.  in  1806.  and  was  elected  President 
in  Feb.  1823.  Dr.  Bridges  was  greatly 
esteemed  for  his  amiable  disposition  and 
suavity  of  manners  ;  as  he  was  of  rather 
retired  habits,  he  held  no  other  office  in 
the  University,  and  declined  being  nomi- 
nated Vice-Chancellor  on  the  last  vacancy, 
though  he  was  next  in  rotation  for  that 
dignity.  His  wife  died  on  the  7tb  Dec. 
1831. 

Sept.  5.  At  Kirklinton,  Cumberland, 
in  the  prime  of  life,  the  Rev.  Joseph  HoU 
liday  Dalton,  B.A. 

Sept.  6.  Aged  68,  the  Rev.  Anthony 
Grayson,  D.D.  Principal  of  St.  Ed- 
mund hall,  Cambridge,  and  Vicar  of 
Bramley,  Hampshire.  He  was  formerly 
Fellow  of  Queen's  college,  where  he 
graduated  M.A.  1801,  B.  and  li,li,  1824, 
when  he  was  elected  Principal  of  St.  Ed- 
mund hall,  and  at  the  same  time  pre- 
sented by  the  college  to  the  vicarage  of 


t52 


OBltVABt. 


dnunlej.  It  it  a  remarkable  coincidence 
that  in  1823  the  Rer.  Dr.  Cooke,  Pre- 
ftident  of  Corpus  Cbristi  college,  and  the 
Rer.  Dr.  Thompson,  Principal  of  St. 
Edmund  ball,  the  predecessors  of  the  two 
fererend  rentlemen  whose  deaths  we 
now  record,  also  lay  dead  at  the  same 
tiitie. 

Sept.  8.  At  Fewstone,  Yorkshire, 
aged  8^,  the  Ker.  Christopher  Ramthaw, 
fiir  more  than  fifty  years  Vicar  of  that 
iiailsh,  to  which  he  was  presented  in  1790 
Dt  the  Lord  Chancellor.  He  was  of 
Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1784 
BM  first  Senior  Optime. 

t^ept,  10.  A.t  his  sister's  house  in  Edg. 
baston,  near  Birmingham,  the  Reir. 
Charles  Panton  Myddeltony  incutnbent 
of  Heaton  Norris,  Cheshire,  and  Chaplain 
to  the  Earl  of  Tyrconnel.  He  was  of 
Brazenose  college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1791; 
and  was  presented  to  Heaton  Norris  in 
1809,  by  the  collegiate  church  of  Man- 
chester. 


DEATHS. 
London  and  its  Vicinity. 

Am.Zl,  Samuel,  youngest  son  of  the 
late  George  Maltby,  esq.  of  Peckham. 

Sept,  4.  Near  London,  aged  81,  John 
RtzmauHce  Pierse,  esq.  formerly  of  Lis- 
towell  and  Newcastle  in  Ireland.  He  was 
a  descendant  of  the  Fitzmaurice  family  of 
Liznaw;  and  was  married  in  1795  to 
Johanna,  daughter  of  Pierse  O'Brien, 
esq.  and  Johanna  Lacy  his  wife,  the  sis- 
ter of  General  Maurice  de  Lacy,  of  Grodno 
in  Russia,  a  native  of  Limerick,  who  va- 
liantly served  under  Suwarrow,  and  died  in 
1820.  She  from  her  mother,  dame  Mary 
Herbert,  inherited  the  blood  of  the  Her- 
berts. General  Maurice  was  nephew  of 
the  celebrated  Marshal  Count  Francis 
Maurice  Lacy  of  Austria,  of  whom  a  notice 
ilpt)eared  in  Gent.  Mag.  vol.  LXXI.  p.  1 15 1 . 

Sept.  16.  At  the  Sussex  Hotel,  Bou- 
verie-Btreet,  aged  90,  Thomas  Parker, 
esq.  He  was  for  many  years  a  well- 
known  goldsmith  in  Fleet-street,  and  was 
the  oldest  member  of  the  Goldsmiths*  Com- 
l^any.  He  lived  many  years  at  Southall, 
where  he  was  proverbial  for  his  charity ; 
but  of  late  chiefly  resided  at  BriU  with  his* 
febn-in-law,  the  Rev.  J.  S.  Baron,  M.A. 
Incumbent  of  that  place.  Mrs.  Parker 
survives  him. 

iSept,  18.  Aged  87 f  Thomas  Cope^  esq. 
bf  Norton- st.  Fitzroy-sq. 

George  Wirgman,  esq.  of  George-st. 
Adelphi. 

Aged  56,  Charlotte,  wife  of  James 
Hartley,  esq.  of  Bridge-st.  Blackfriars. 

Bept.2\,  At  Treherne  house,  Westend, 
Hadipstead,  aged  80.  Robert  Shout,  esq. 
13 


Sept,  93.  At  PehtoDiffle,  tged  51, 
David  Parker  Sheppard,  esq. 

At  Newington,  aged  88,  Thomas  Nlk^ 
son,  esq.  He  was  educated  it  CbriatH 
Hospital,  for  many  years  a  Committee 
(Governor  of  the  Institntioii,  aiid  Presi- 
dent of  the  Benevolent  Sodett  of  Bhtet. 

Sept,  35.  At  Cambetwell,  ynd  7li 
Mary-Ann,  dau.  of  the  lat^  Thoilitii^i 
Alexander  Stewart,  esq.  of  AhtHiiii  ttt^ 
land,  and  of  Fort  SteWArt,  Jomilcsi 

At  Kensington,  aged  68,  behry  Ml. 
chael  Comer,  esq. 

Aged  68,  Phoebe,  wife  of  Bvrton  BnMrii) 
esq.  of  Brunswick-sq. 

Sept,  26.  At  Old  B^ompton,  aged  73, 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  William  MoiBit,  teq. 
late  of  Wimbledon. 

In  Sussex-gardens,  Hyde-park,  Aged 
75,  Archibald  Francis  Wm.  SiAntonf  ei^. 
of  Warsash  House,  Hants. 

Sept,  28.  At  Peckham-grore,  Satah, 
wife  of  John  Francis  HoldefliftBae,  taq» 
and  second  daughter  of  the  late  Geot^e 
Leonhard  Steinman,  esq.  of  Croydon. 

At  Kennington,  Haiinah-Waldd,  witofir 
of  John  Conway  Philip  Astley,  eaq. 

Sept.  29.  In  Hans-place,  a^  70, 
John  Waddle,  esq. 

In  Upper  Gbucestef-td.  CardHil^  wUb 
of  James  Edwardes  Rousby^  etfq.  of  Coi- 
tisford  Ilonse,  OxfordahiM. 

Sept.  30.  Aged  four  mobChi  and  tird 
weeks,  Augusta-Louisa  WiUsfttf,  iilii 
daughter  of  Georee  H.  Rogers  lUMMiif, 
esq.  of  the  Heralds'  College. 

At  the  Royal  Military  AMfljoHf  CHei. 
sea,  aged  82,  Capt.  Lugard,  in  the  4bA 
year  of  his  service  as  Adjutant  and  8e^^ 
taiT  of  that  institution. 

In  Upper  George-st.  ag<ed  48,  tliapi. 
Robert  Harvey,  of  Cadogan-place. 

Lately.  At  Gloucester-st.  Bayawafisr- 
road,  Eliza,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Mar. 
Dr.  PoUok,  Rector  of  Grittleton,  llHta. 

Oct.  1.  In  Charlea-st.  Berkday-aq. 
the  Right  Hon.  Catharine-Lucy  CdvnCbas 
Stanhope.  She  was  third  dau.  of  Robart 
first  Lord  Carrington,  by  his  Utt^  wife 
Anne,  dau.  of  Lewyn  Boldero  Barnard, 
esq.  and  was  married  in  1803  to  tha  Safl 
Stanhope,  by  whom  she  leaves  a  aoli  And 
daughter,  Viscount  Mahon,  M.P*  ubA 
Lady  Dalmeny. 

Edward  Johii,  soil  of  M#...  SdWard 
Driver,  of  Richmond-tenace,  WhitahilL' 

At  Tumham  Green,  aged  57*  Charlaa 
Rivington,  esq.  brother  to  the  latd  Jo&ft 
Rivington,  esq.  of  Waterloo-place. 

Oct.  2.  In  Porchester-terr.  BaygwAtar» 
aged  62,  Nicholas  Nueent,  esq.  il.D. 
agent  for  the  Island  of  Antigaa. 

Oct.  3.  At  Battersea  Rise,  tidoy  Jaile, 
second  dau.  of  the  lata  Henry  Tlionrtoiiy 
esq.  M.F. 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


553 


Oct,  4.  At  Blackheath,  aged  66,  Capt. 
Peter  Cameron,  Jate  of  the  Hon.  East 
India  Go's  Serv. 

In  Wobum-pl.  Winifred,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  Benjamin  Rouse,  esq. 

Oct.  5.  At  Walworth,  aged  55,  Tho- 
mas Henry  Doyle,  esq.  late  paymaster  of 
the  75th  Regt. 

At  Kew.green,  aged  47,  the  Hon.  Felix 
Thomas  Tollemache,  second  son  of  the 
late  Lord  Huntingtower,  and  brother  to 
the  Earl  of  Dysart.  He  married  first,  in 
1825,  Sarah,  daughter  of  James  Grey, 
esq.  by  whom  he  has  left  issue  a  son  and 
daughter  ;  and  secondly  in  1833  Frances- 
Julia,  youngest  daughter  of  the  late 
Henry  Peters,  esq. 

Oct.  6.  Aged  46,  Robert  Dixon,  esq. 
M.A.  Barrister- at- law,  of  New-sq.  Lin- 
coln's-iun.  He  was  called  to  the  bar  at 
the  Inner  Temple,  11th  Feb.  1825,  and 
practised  as  an  equity  draftsman  and  con- 
veyancer. 

Aged  90,  Dennis  Wood  Deane,  esq. 
late  of  the  Bank  of  England. 

In  Brandenburg-place,  Hammersmith, 
aged  70,  James  Rustat  Trimmer,  esq.  son 
of  the  late  Mrs.  Trimmer,  of  Brentford. 

Oct.  7.  In  Queen-sq.  Westminster, 
Anna  Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  Torrens 
M*CuIlagh,  esq. 

At  Redenham -house,  aged  6,  Allan 
Henry,  youngest  son  of  John  Drummond, 
esq. 

Oct,  8.  Aged  35,  John  Hutchinson,  esq. 
M.A.  of  Victoria- cottage,  Fulham-road. 

In  Bloomsbury-sq.  aged  87,  James 
Donaldson,  esq.  of  Williamshaw,  co.  Ayr. 

Oct,  9.  At  Abbey-house,  St.  John's 
Wood,  aged  89,  Frances,  relict  of  Thomas 
Cooke,  esq.  formerly  of  Dunstable  Priory. 

Oct.  10.  In  Cambridge-st.  Hyde  Park, 
Sarah,  widow  of  John  Stafford,  esq.  of 
Scott's-hill,  Rickmansworth. 

Oct.  11.  At  West- end,  Hampstead, 
Thomas  John  Fentham,  esq. 

At  Brixton-hill,  aged  62,  Eleanor, 
relict  of  James  Barry  Bird,  solicitor. 

Oct.  12.  InCraven-st.  Douglas  Charles 
Loveday,  esq.  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
barrister-at-law.  He  was  called  to  the 
bar  Feb.  12,  1830. 

In  Upper  Seymour-st.  aged  85,  Mary, 
relict  of  Thomas  Malton,  esq. 

Oct.  13.  At  Hampstead,  Sophia, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Davis, 
esq.  of  Teddington. 

Aged  28,  Thomas  Oxley,  esq.  Lieute* 
nant  13th  Light  Inf.  second  son  of  Charles 
Oxley,  esq.  of  Ripon. 

In  Henrietta-st.  Covent-garden,  aged 
86,  Mr.  John  Bohn,  long  eminent  aa  a 
bookseller. 

0«/.  15.  In  Regent-st.  in  his  70th 
year,  Henry  Knyvett,  esq.  of  the  firm  of 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


Chas.  Hopkinson  and  Co.  bankers  and 
army-agents,  and  formerly  chief  payinaster 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight. 

Oct.  17.  Ann,  youngest  dan.  of  John 
Harris,  esq.  of  York -place,  Walworth. 

Beds. — Xately.  At  Beddenham,  aged 
70,  Miller  Golding,  esq. 

Berks. — Sept.  22.  At  Reading,  aged 
68,  Lieut. -Col.  Archibald  Cameron,  for- 
merly of  the  87th  Royal  Irish  Fusiliers. 

Oct.  3.  Alice  Hugh  Massy,  wife  of  R. 
B.  Younger,  esq.  of  Yeoveney  House^ 
near  Staines.  She  was  only. dau.  of  the 
late  Col.  O'Donell,  of  Newport  House, 
Mayo,  and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Sir 
NeallO'Donell,  Bart. 

Oct.  9.  Aged  53,  Sarah,  relict  of  Ro- 
bert Gilder,  esq.  of  Speen.  ^ 

Oct.  11.  At  Forest-farm,  near  Windr 
sor,  aged  81,  Mrs.  Mount,  relict  of  Wil- 
liam Mount,  esq.  of  Wasing- place. 

Oct.  18.  At  Kennett  House,  Speeq, 
aged  75,  T.  Smith,  esq. 

Bucks.— Oc/.  13.  At  Hartwell,  aged 
41,  John  Philip  Bumaby,  esq.  of  Doc- 
tors* Commons,  a  younger  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Thomas  Burnaby,  Rector  of  Mia- 
terton  and  Vicar  of  St.  Margaret's,  Lei- 
cester. 

Cambridge. — Aug.  8.  At  Chester- 
ton, near  Cambridge,  aged  93,  Elizabeth, 
relict  of  William  Wiles,  esq. 

Sept.  30.  At  Cambridge,  aged  53, 
Alexander  Scott  Abbott,  esq.  for  many 
years  one  of  the  surgeons  of  Addenbrooke's 
Hospital.  He  was  the  second  son  of 
William  Abbott,  esq.  surgeon,  of  Need- 
ham- market,  Suffolk,  and  was  educated 
at  the  Grammar  School,  Bury  St.  Ed- 
mund's, under  Mr.  Beecher.  At  au  early 
age  he  proceeded  to  London,  and  becatae 
a  pupil  of  the  celebrated  Abernethy. 
About  the  year  1807,  Mr.  A.  commenced 
his  professional  practice  in  Cambridge, 
and  eventually  became  an  alderman  on 
the  old  corporation,  and  twice  served  the 
office  of  mayor.  His  remains  were  in- 
terred at  All  Saints'  Church,  the  pall 
being  borne  by  six  resident  physicians, 
attended  by  many  gentlemen  of  the  medi- 
cal profession,  and  by  a  numerous  circle 
of  sorrowing  relations  and  friends. 

Oct.  1.  At  Cambridge,  aged  12,  Char- 
lotte- Elizabeth,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Rey. 
Dr.  MiU. 

Cheshire.  —  Sept.  5.  At  Thelwall, 
in  her  78th  year,  Anne,  widow  of  James 
Sedgewick,  esq.  formerly  of  Hoole  Hall, 
and  Ince  in  this  county,  who  died  in  1839* 
Mrs.  Sedgewick  was  the  only  surviving 
ehild  of  James  Stanton,  esq.  of  Thelwall, 
and  was  sister  to  James  Stanton,  esq.  of 
Greenfield  in  that  township,  whose  de- 
cease we    noticed  in  our  Obitiuury  for 

4  B 


654 


Obituary. 


[Nor. 


Mtrch  1842.  Her  remains  were  interred 
in  the  family  yaolt  at  Thelwall  on  the  8th 
of  September. 

Stftt.  18.  At  Altrincham,  aged  77 , 
Richard  Irlam  Grantham,  esq. 

Cornwall. — Aug,  20.  At  Stratton 
paraooagei  the  residence  of  her  son  the 
Rev.  Charles  Dallas,  aged  73,  Susan  Seil, 
relict  of  Charles  Stuart  Dallas,  esq.  of 
Belle  Conr,  Jamaica. 

Sept,  25.  At  Callington.  Walter  Hoc- 
kin,  esq.  a  solicitor  in  that  town  for  the 
last  93  years. 

Sept,  96,  At  Helston,  aged  7.9,  John 
Borlase,  esq.  He  was  for  many  years  an 
■ctiye  magistrate  for  the  county  and  that 
borough,  a  Deputy-Iieut.  and  Steward 
of  the  Stannaries. 

Sept,  28.  At  St.  Just  in  Penwith, 
aged  43,  John  Thomas,  esq. 

CuMBKHLAND. — Scpt,  23.  Aged  53, 
Henry  Oliphant,  esq.  of  Broadfield  House, 
and  Moorhonse  Hill. 

Oct.  8.  At  Acorn  House,  Keswick, 
Sophia  Wilhelmina,  wife  of  the  Rev.  David 
Hunter. 

Derby.  — -  Sept,  S9.  At  Ashbourne, 
aged  72,  William  Webster,  esq.  a  Magis- 
trate and  Deputy-Lieut,  for  the  county. 

Devon. — Sept,  lb*.  At  Newton  Ab- 
bot, aged  93,  Mrs.  Babb,  relict  of  Col. 
Babb. 

Sept,  17.  At  Sidmouth,  aged  63,  Lady 
Mary  Taylor,  eldest  dan.  of  the  late  Mar- 
quess of  Headfort. 

Sept.  19.  At  Coazdon  Hall,  aged  34, 
Mary-Elizabeth,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Theo- 
dore A.  Walrond,  of  Smallridge,  Axmin- 
fter,  and  eldest  dau.  of  Dr.  SuUierland,  of 
ParUament-st.  Westminster. 

At  Terrace  House,  near  Exeter,  aged 
S5,  Elixa-Georgiana,  second  dau.  of  Wm. 
Crockett,  esq. 

Sept,  24.  AtTopsham,  aged  31,  £11- 
sabeth-Ann,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
John  Rogers,  M.A.  Rector  of  Feniton. 

Sept,  30.  At  Plymouth,  aged  66,  Ni- 
oholas  Were,  esq.  of  Wellmgton,  So- 
merset. 

Oct,  1.  Aged  40,  Mary  Ann,  wife  of 
John  TyiTell,  esq.  of  Exeter,  barrister-at- 
law. 

Oct,  S,  At  Chudleigh,  aged  90,  Chris- 
tOpher  Hellyer,  esq.  for  sixty  years  a  soli- 
citor of  that  place. 

Aged  87,  Robert  Lowrey,  esq.  of  Brid- 
lington. 

Oct,  5.  At  Plymouth,  aged  80,  Mr. 
Richard  Webb,  for  many  years  proprietor 
of  the  Plymouth  and  Devonport  Journal. 

Oct,  6.  Aged  64,  Jane  Arundel,  wife 
of  Thomas  Hugo,  esq.  of  Crediton,  and 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Arundel  Philips, 
esq.  of  Exeter. 

Oct.  9.    At  Haslar,  aged  97,  Fanny 


Maria,  wife  of  John  Liddell,  M.D.  and 
daughter  of  Robert  Clement  SeomSe,  oa^« 

Dorset. — Oct,  I,  At  Chickerellp naar 
Weymouth,  aged  83,  Ann,  reUot  of  OharlM 
Bowles,  esq.  town-clerk  of  WejBcnitii. 

Oct,  7-  At  Dorchester,  aged  48,  Mary 
Ann,  wife  of  P.S.  Knight,  esq.  M.D. 

Oct,  11.  At  Weymouth,  Mod  8t, 
Eleanor,  youngest  dao.  of  tho  Bijhfc  Hon. 
Henry  Hobhouse. 

DvB.MAU.'^Sept.  U*  At  Eko«  HaB, 
Joanna,  youngest  dau.  of  the  lato  Joha 
Hutchinson,  esq.  of  Pwurith. 

Oct,  5.  At  Durham,  aged  5,  EaUf 
Frances  Cadogan,  dau.  of  Tiac.  ChalaM* 

Essex.— Oc^.  3.  At  Sfninffleld*  Mi 
28,  Sophia  Jane,  wife  of  the  Bor.  Affttttr 
Pearson,  Rector  of  that  pariah,  jroBBg^at 
dau.  of  the  late  T.  F.  Qepp,  ea^.  «f 
Chelmsford,  leaving  five  ehildraiL 

GLouGEaTBR. — Au§,  ••  At  Tawba^ 
bury,  Mrs.  Ashmore.  In  harwUl  l^gacte 
are  given  to  the  Society  for  Propa^tiac 
Christian  Knowledge,  100l.{  to  tho  Chn£ 
Missionary  Society  100/. }  totha  Gloooaf- 
tershire  Infirmary,  100/.  |  to  tfaa  British 
and  Foreign  Bible  Society,  MM.;  alao  10 
guineas  in  the  purchase  Ji  dotliOB,  ibdd, 
Aiel,  and  other  necessariea,  iot  |»oar  per* 
sons  residing  in  Church- streot,  Tiwifat 
bury,  and  in  the  lanes,  ftc.  wi^^kaiiagi 
15/.  in  the  same  manner  to  tilt  poor  of 
Didbrook;  to  her  suifoon,  MM*  %  aid  to 
her  faithful  servant,  Sarah  Shaipe,  Mi 
The  property  is  large,  aad  tha  lagaului 
are  very  numerous.  8ha  wat  tko  MMi- 
factress  of  many  poor  luafliaa»  and  %  libe- 
ral contributor  to  many  oharitiM* 

^ug,  27.  At  Hambrook,  AgaiSff  wU 
dow  of  Lieut. -Gob.  Avama,  of  Erndgliy, 
Staff.,  and  dan.  of  the  lata  li^or  Bwr, 
of  Blair. 

Sq^t.  19.  At  Cliftoa,  tka  HoA.  Gift. 
therine,  widow  of  the  Rav.  Bonr  AwdB- 
land,  Canon  Residentianr  of  Welli,  and 
sister  to  Lord  ColviUe.  Bba  waa  miMlftd 
in  1793,  and  left  a  widow  in  18S$. 

Sept.  21.  At  Cheltenham,  tfod  79, 
Mary,  relict  of  John  Mainwaring  Uiiluke» 
esq.  of  Great  Boughton,  Cbeahlra. 

Sept.  S3.  At  Cheltanhaaa,  Tlaw Or 
Caroline,  youngest  da«.  Of  the  lata  Hoft* 
Robert  Annesley,  and  ideoe  ef  the  lata 
Earl  Annesley. 

Sept,  25.  At  Cheltenham,  Miae  GoU 
linson,  dau.  of  the  late  William  Co1Hmo», 
esq.  Wanstead,  Essex,  and  of  NowlM, 
Northumberland. 

At  the  Rock  House,  near  ChlMlaf 
Sodbury,  Ponsonby  Shqipard,  eeq.  B.lf« 

Lately.  Aged  73 1  MTary,  reliet  of  John 
Paul  Paul,  esq.  ef  fiigkgrovoi  aMr 
Tetbury. 

Aged  20,  Josepii  Rioei  only  wm  of 
Matthew  Ingle,  esq.  of  DvmUetoiL 


18^30 


Obituary. 


5fii5 


KgeA  SO,  Mr.  Herbert  Williams,  of  St. 
John's  coll.  Cambridge,  second  son  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Williams,  of  Woodchester. 

Oct,  1.  At  Bristol,  aged  79,  John 
Wadham,  esq.  of  Frenchay. 

Oct,  4.  At  Thombury,  aged  87}  Mary, 
relict  of  Thomas  Wetmore,  esq. 

(M.  6.  At  Clifton,  aged  69,  Miss 
Fotilkes. 

Hants. — S§pt.  19.  At  Iford,  near 
Christchurch,  Elizabeth  Anne,  wife  of 
W.  D,  Farr,  esq. 

At  Landport  House,  Portsmouth,  aged 
61,  Caroline,  wife  of  Col.  Oeorge  Cardew, 
Commanding  Royal  Engineer  of  the 
South-west  and  Sussex  District. 

Sept.  SO.  At  Benstead,  Ryde,  I.W. 
Matilda,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas 
Willis.  Rector  of  Bletchly,  Bucks,  and 
sister  of  John  Fleming,  esq.  of  Stoneham 
Park. 

Lately.  At  Fordingbridge,  aged  24, 
Lucy  Maria,  wife  of  C.  W.  de  Courcy 
Ross,  R.  N. 

Oct,  5.  At  Chilworth  Lodge,  near 
Southampton,  the  Hon.  Richard  George 
Quin,  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Dunraven. 
He  married  in  1813  Emily,  second  dau.  of 
Sir  John  Smith,  of  Sydling  St.  Nicholas, 
Bart,  but  has  left  no  issue. 

At  Dummer  Down,  Thomas  Gilbert,  esq. 

Herts. — Sept,  4.  Aged  64,  Thomas 
Burr,  esq.  of  Gravely  HaU. 

Sept,  18,  Charlotte  Bucknall,  wife  of 
Cholmeley  Charles  Dering,  esq.  of  Ayott 
St.  Lawrence,  and  of  Chapel-st.  Gros- 
venor-sq.  She  was  the  eldest  daughter 
of  William  Hale,  esq.  of  King's  Walden, 
and  was  married  in  1809. 

Sept,  20.  At  King's  Langley,  aged  17, 
Henry,  youngest  son  of  W.  Wotton,  esq. 

Sept,  26.  At  Redbourn,  aged  80, 
Mrs.  Catharine  Stephens. 

Oct,  8.  At  Hertford,  aged  87,  Mary, 
wife  of  H.  Alington,  esq.  of  Bailey  Hall. 

Hunts. — Oct,  6.  At  the  house  of  his 
brother  the  Rev.  Thomas  Bourdillon, 
Vicar  of  Fenstanton,  aged  69,  Francis 
Bourdillon,  esq. 

Kent. — Sept,  18.  Aged  66,  James 
Whatman,  esq.  of  Vlnter's. 

Sept.  19.  At  Meopham  Bank,  near 
Tonbridge,  aged  59,  Lieut.- Col.  William 
Leighton  Wood,  K.H.,  formerly  of  the 
4th  or  King's  Own  Regiment,  in  which 
he  was  appointed  Ensign  1803,  Lieut. 
1804,  Captain  1807.  He  served  in  Spain 
and  Portugal,  and  in  1813  was  Aide- de- 
camp to  Major-Gen.  Robinson. 

Sept.  20,  At  Rochester,  Mrs.  M'Lean» 
widow  of  W.  M'Lean,  esq.  surgeon,  of 
Chatham. 

Sept.  22.  At  Upper  Deal  House,  aged 
80,   Dorothy,  widow  of  the  late  David 


Cooper,  esq.  formerly  of  Hammertmith, 
and  of  Waterloo -place,  London. 

Sept.  26.  At  the  vicarage,  Gilling- 
ham,  Jane  Mary  Elizabeth,  only  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  Henry  Deane. 

William  Smith,  esq.  late  of  Chtrtham 
Place,  near  Canterbury. 

Sept,  28.  At  Lee,  aged  15,  Fanny 
Jane,  second  dau.  of  Capt.  Gustavoa 
Evans,  R.N.,  of  Headley  Grove,  Epsom. 

Sept.  29.  At  Bromley  College,  aged 
67,  Mary  Anne,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Morgan  Say,  late  Vicar  of  Sutton  Valence, 
Kent,  and  Iwerne  Minster,  Dorset. 

Sept,  30.  At  Brooksden,  Cranbrook, 
at  the  house  of  her  guardian  John  Job- 
son,  esq.  M.D.  aged  14,  Elizabeth,  second 
dau.  of  the  late  Geo.  Rees  Williams,  esq. 

Oct,  5.  At  the  house  of  his  grand- 
mother at  Barham,  near  Canterbury,  aged 
18,  Egerton- Anthony- Hammond,  second 
son  of  Champion  Edward  BranfiU,  esq. 
of  Upminster  hall,  Essex ;  a  student  in- 
the  Engineering  department  of  King's 
college,  London. 

Oct,  7.  At  Mile  Town,  Sheemess, 
aged  80,  William  Wharton,  esq.  late  of 
the  Survey  department,  Sheemess. 

Oct.  10.  At  Welling,  Dauncy,  youngest 
son  of  J.  H.  Latham,  esq.  late  of  Eltham. 

Oct.  11.  At  Chadiam,  Henrietta  Hes* 
ter,  wife  of  William  M.  Ford,  esq.  Surgeon 
49th  Regt.  She  was  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Dr.  W.  A.  Davies,  for  many  years  Phy- 
sician and  Surgeon  to  the  Hon.  East  In<Ua 
Co's  depdt  at  Chatham. 

LANCASHiRE.^/ttfy  10.  At  Tarring- 
ton,  Mr.  Joseph  Lee,  representative  of  an 
old  and  respectable  family  in  that  town. 

Sept.  17.  At  Warrington,  in  her  70tli 
year.  Miss  Hannah  Mathias,  the  only  sur- 
viving child  of  John  Mathias,  esq.  of 
Colby  Moor,  Weston,  in  the  county  of 
Pembroke,  and  sister  of  the  late  Rev. 
Daniel  Mathias,  M.A.  Rector  of  White- 
chapel,  a  memoir  of  whom  will  be  found 
in  our  Obituary  for  Nov.  1837  (VoL  VIII. 
N.S.  p.  540.)  She  was  a  most  dutifol 
daughter,  an  affectionate  sister,  §snd  a 
sincere  and  humble  Christian. 

Sept.  20.  Aged  49,  John  Eamshaw, 
esq.  of  Mount  Pleasant,  Bacup,  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace  for  Lancashire  and  the  West 
Riding  of  Yorkshire. 

Lincoln.— 5i>p/.  21.  At  Holbeach, 
aged  84,  Sarah,  widow  of  Jacob  SturtOBi 
esq. 

At  Langrivllle  parsonage,  near  Boston, 
aged  46,  Susanna,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Wm. 
iSabinson,  minister  of  Langrivllle  and 
Thomton-le-fen  chapelries. 

Sept.  29.  At  Bucknall  rectory,  Mary 
Anne,  youngest  dau.  of  the  ner*  Dr. 
Fearon,  of  Ore,  near  Hastings. 


556 


Obituary. 


[Noir. 


Middlesex. — Sept.  35.  At  Hampton 
Court,  Mr.  John  Weippert,  of  Soho-sq., 
upwards  of  20  years  Director  of  the 
Orchestra  at  the  Court  balls  and  at 
A.lmack's.  He  wasproceedingto  Hampton, 
where  his  family  was  residing,  and  shortly 
after  passing  the  toll-gate  at  Bushy,  in 
consequence  of  his  imprudent  driving,  his 
chaise  came  in  contact  with  another  vehicle 
going  the  contrary  direction  which  con- 
tained three  ladies  and  a  youth,  the  col- 
lision of  both  carriages  upsetting  that  of 
Mr.  Weippert,  by  which  he  was  thrown 
out,  falling  on  his  head.  He  was  taken 
up  in  a  state  of  insensibility,  and  conveyed 
to  his  cottage  near  Hampton  bridge,  where 
he  died  after  lingering  several  days.  He 
has  left  a  family  of  five  children.  His 
eldest  son,  an  accomplished  musician, 
will  succeed  him  in  the  business,  his  band 
remaining  the  same  as  hitherto. 

Oct.  3.  At  Sunbury,  Mary  Ann,  wife 
of  Robert  Charsley,  esq. 

Alice  Hugh  Massy,  wife  of  R.  B. 
Younger,  esq.  of  Yeoveney  House,  near 
Staines. 

Oct.  6.  At  Ealing,  aged  71,  Joseph 
Dowson,  esq.  of  Welbeck -street. 

Monmouth. — Sept.  25.  AttheMead's 
Manor  House,  near  Chepstow,  Sophia, 
third  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Clark,  esq. 
of  Broughton,  near  Kettering,  sister  to 
the  late  Thomas  Clark,  esq.  of  Lincoln. 

Sept.  30.  At  Newport,  aged  53, 
Thomas  Jones  Phillips,  esq.  solicitor. 
He  held  for  upwards  of  twenty  years  the 
situation  of  clerk  to  the  magistrates  in  the 
borough  of  Newport,  the  division  of  New- 
port, the  division  of  Bedwelty,  and  the 
division  of  Christchurch,  and  was  clerk 
to  the  trustees  of  the  Newport  turnpike 
trust,  and  Under- Sheriff  for  the  co.  Mon- 
mouth during  the  Shrievalty  of  S.  Horn- 
fray,  esq. 

At  Stow-hill,  near  Newport,  aged  87, 
Charles  Brewer,  esq. 

Oct.  1.  At  Llangibby  Castle,  aged  17, 
Augusta,  dau.  of  William  AddamsWHliams, 
esq.  late  M.P.  for  that  county. 

Norfolk. — y/uff.  3.  At  Great  Yar- 
mouth, Sarah,  third  dau.  of  George  Pen- 
rice,  esq.  M.D. 

j^uff.  6.  At  Gaywood,  aged  6*9,  Mr. 
Thomas  Marsters,  formerly  of  Gaywood 
Hall  (during  part  of  which  time  be  was 
lessee  of  the  Lynn  theatre,  and  occasionally 
performed  as  an  amateur.) 

At  North  Wootton  vicarage,  the  resi- 
dence of  his  brother,  the  Rev,  W.  W. 
Clarke,  aged  39,  Charles  Meyricke,  eldest 
son  of  Charles  Clarke,  esq.  of  Lincoln*s- 
inn-fields,  and  of  Grove-road. 

Sept.  29.  At  Coltishall,  aged  6S, 
Anna-Mariaj  relict  of  Wm.  Pightling,  esq. 


Oct.  1.  At  Southtown,  Yarmoaihp 
aged  67,  Sophia,  sister  of  Sir  Thomas 
Gooch,  Bart,  and  wife  of  Captain  G.  W. 
Manby,  author  of  the  Life  Apparatoa  for 
saving  Shipwrecked  Sailors. 

Oct.  3.  At  Wendling,  in  his  91  tt 
year,  Edmund  Page,  Gent. 

Northampton. — Oct,  10.  At  Hackle- 
ton  House,  aged  68,  Rebecca  Anne,  relict 
of  the  Rev.  Primatt  Knapp,  of  Sbenley 
Rectory,  Bucks. 

Northumberland.  —  Sept,  87.  At 
Beacon  Grange,  near  Hexham,  the  resi- 
dence of  the  Rev.  W.  J.  D.  Waddilore, 
aged  77«  Charles  Jones,  esq.  Solicitor  of 
the  Admiralty. 

Salop. — Sept.  £6.  At  Bridgnorth, 
aged  68,  John  Jones,  esq.  fbrmerlj  linr 
many  years  an  eminent  carrier  on  the 
River  Severn  between  Bristol,  Stonrport, 
Coalbrookdale,  &c. 

Stafford. — July  12.  Aged  73,  Josiah 
Wedgwood,  esq.  of  Maer. 

Somerset. — Sept.  13.  Aged  QS,  Ro- 
bert Elliott,  esq.  of  Taunton. 

Sept.  17.  At  Clifton,  aged  81,  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Seccombe,  of  Temple  Cloud, 
last  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  Rer.  J. 
Seccombe,  Rector  of  Camley  and  Brimp- 
ton,  Somerset. 

Aged  54,  Catharine,  wife  of  Henry 
Reed,  esq.  of  Bridgwater. 

Sept.  18.  At  Wellington,  aged  66» 
Sarah  Elizabeth,  widow  of  the  Rev.  An- 
thony Jones,  of  Beaupre  Hall,  Glamor- 
gansh.  and  only  surviving  dan.  of  the  late 
Jeremiah  Redwood,  esq.  of  Lyme  Regis, 
Dorset. 

Sept.  19.  At  Frome,  aged  68,  Francis 
Bush,  esq.  He  died  suddenly,  and  hit 
funeral  caused  considerable  sensation  in 
the  town  of  Frome.  Business  was  entirdy 
suspended,  all  the  shops  being  closed. 
His  remains  were  followed  to  the  graYS 
by  a  procession  of  nearly  500  inhabitants 
of  the  town  and  neighbourhood,  all  attired 
in  mourning;  with  the  Lodge  of  Odd  Fel- 
lows, lately  established  (of  which  he  was  sn 
honorary  member),  and  others  of  their  fra- 
ternity from  the  Lodges  of  Kilmarsdon, 
Trowbridge,  Bath,  &c.  amounting  to 
about  sixty,  uniformly  dressed  in  monm- 
ing,  wearing  their  aprons  trimmed  with 
black,  black  sashes,  and  crape  rosettes. 

Sept.  21.  At  Bath,  Catharine  John- 
stone, relict  of  Major  Bates,  Royal 
Art. 

Sept.  25.  At  the  Ticarage,  Whits 
Lackington,  the  residence  of  her  «>n-ia- 
law  the  Rev.  F.  C.  Johnson,  aged  70,  Anna 
Maria,  relict  of  Thomas  Brooke,  esq.  for 
many  years  Senior  Judge  at  Moorshedabad, 
in  the  Bengal  Presidency. 

Oct.   3.    At  Bath,  Frances,    wife    of 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


557 


Thos.  Anstey,  esq.  late  of  the  Madras 
Civil  Service. 

Oct.  4.  At  Bath,  Capt.  William  Gil- 
bert  Roberts,  R.N. 

Oct.  6.  At  Nether  Stowey,  aged  57i 
Marriott  Viret,  esq.  formerly,  and  during 
a  long  series  of  years,  Accountant-Gen. 
of  the  colony  of  British  Guiana. 

Oct.  14.  At  llminster,  aged  22,  Strat- 
ford Thomas  Eyre,  eldest  son  of  Stratford 
Ejrre,  esq.  of  Fitzroy-st.  Fitzroy-sq. 

Suffolk. — Aug.  5.  Aged  49,  Tho- 
mas Erratt,  esq.  solicitor,  of  Clare. 

Surrey. — Sept.  23.  At  Kingston-on- 
Thames,  aged  84,  Richard  Lambert,  esq. 
formerly  of  Bradford,  Yorkshire. 

Sept.  25.  At  Barnes,  aged  48,  Joseph 
Hodgson,  esq.  late  of  Falmouth,  Ja- 
maica. 

Oct.  5.  At  Brockwell  Hall,  near  Dul- 
wich,  aged  20,  Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  late  Joshua  Blackburn,  esq.  of  Li- 
quorpond-st.  and  of  Brockwell  Hall. 

Oct.  7.  In  Coombe-lane,  Croydon, 
aged  84,  John  Keen,  esq. 

Oct.  10.  At  Richmond,  aged  40,  Lady 
Katharine- Frederica  Phipps,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  Earl  of  Mulgrave,  and  sister 
to  the  Marquess  of  Normanby. 

At  Braeston  Brook,  near  Guildford, 
Emma,  last  surviving  dau.  of  the  late 
Thomas  Gibson,  esq. 

Oct.  15.  At  East  Clandon  rectory, 
the  residence  of  his  grandson-in-law.  Rev. 
E.  J.  Ward,  to  which  place  he  had  re- 
tired for  the  last  few  years,  aged  93,  John 
Martyr,  esq.  Senior  Bencher  of  the  Mid- 
dle Temple.  He  was  called  to  the  bar 
May  13,  1774 ;  and  was  one  of  the  oldest 
respectable  inhabitants  of  Guildford,  of 
which  town  he  had  been  several  times 
mayor,  also  many  years  an  active  magis- 
trate of  the  county  of  Surrey. 

Sussex. — Sept.  19.  At  Bei*wick,  aged 
77,  Commander  Wm.  Archbold,  R.N. 
(1838). 

Sept.  22.  At  Brighton,  Marianne,  wife 
of  Richard  Wheeler  Crowdy,  esq.  solici- 
tor, Farringdon. 

Sept.  26.  At  Brighton,  aged  52,  Wil- 
liam Hodgkinson,  esq.  of  East  Dulwich, 
and  Skinner-st. 

At  Hastings,  George  Cavendish,  the 
infant  and  only  son  of  Major  T.  A.  Duke. 

Sept.  28.  At  Hastings,  Ann,  wife  of 
Francis  Valentine,  esq.  of  Keppell-st. 
Russell-sq. 

Oct.  2.  At  Brighton,  aged  69,  George 
La  CoKte,  esq.  of  Chertsey,  banker. 

Oct.  8.  At  Worthing,  John  Forbes,  esq. 
Deputy  Commissary-gen.  to  the  Forces. 

Oct.  10.  At  Brighton,  Emma,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  Charles  Kennaway,  and  fourth 
dau.  of  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Gerard  Noel. 

Oct,  17f  At  BrightoDi  in  his  80tb  year, 


Archibald  Bryson,  esq.    The  death  of  his 
wife  was  recorded  in  our  last,  p.  445. 

Warwick.— Sept.  12.  Edward  Petti, 
fer  Reading,  esq.  of  Fenny  Compton. 

Sept.  16.  At  Coventry,  George  Henry 
Mellor,  esq.  M.D.  son  of  the  late  S.  S. 
Mellor,  esq.  Lichfield. 

Sept.  21.  Aged  82,  Joseph  Troughton, 
esq.  of  Pinley,  near  Coventry. 

Sept.  29.  At  Leamington,  Charles 
Butlin,  esq.  banker,  of  Rugby. 

Oct.  4.  At  Leamington,  Agatha,  fourth 
dau.  of  the  late  William  Payton  Summer- 
field,  esq. 

Oct.  7.  C.  Bucknill,  esq.  of  Fillongley 
Grange,  formerly  of  Rugby. 

Oct.  9.  At  Snitterfield  vicarage,  aged 
17,  Jane,  second  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Donald 
Cameron. 

Oct.  10.  At  Leamington,  Lucy  Har- 
riet, second  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Gif- 
fard,  esq.  of  ChilUngton,  and  the  Lady 
Charlotte  Giffard. 

Wilts. — Sept.  24.  At  Amesbury, 
aged  19,  Anne,  only  dau.  of  Francis 
Stephen  Long,  esq. 

Oct.  19.  At  l^alisbury,  in  her  80th 
year.  Miss  Sophia  Neave,  youngest  sister 
of  the  late  Mrs.  Batt,  of  New  Hall. 

Worcester.— ^w^.  8.  At  Malyem, 
aged  69,  Steed  Girdlestone,  esq.  of  Stib- 
bington  Hall,  Cambridgeshire,  for  many 
years  an  eminent  attorney  at  Wisbech, 
and  formerly  deputy  clerk  of  the  peace 
for  the  isle  of  Ely,  upon  his  retirement 
from  which  office,  in  1826,  the  chief 
justice,  acting  magistrates,  and  barristers 
of  the  Isle  of  Ely,  presented  to  him  a 
piece  of  plate,  inscribed,  **  As  an  unani- 
mous expression  of  respect  for  his  yery 
able  and  faithful  discharge  of  the  duties 
of  deputy  clerk  of  assize  and  of  the  peaice 
for  the  Isle,  during  .twenty-five  years.'' 

Sept.  12.  At  Malvern,  aged  47,  Mary 
Jane,  lady  of  Sir  Edmund  Cradock  Hart- 
opp,  hart.  She  was  only  dau.  of  Morton 
first  Lord  Henley  (brother  to  the  first 
Lord  Auckland)  by  Lady  Elizabeth  Hen- 
ley, fifth  dau.  of  Robert  Earl  of  North- 
ington. 

Sept.  22.  At  Pershore,  aged  74,  John 
Hunter,  esq. 

Sept.  24.  At  Merriman*s*hill,  near 
Worcester,  Frances  Matilda,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  William  Pugh,  esq.  of  Brynlly- 
warch,  MontgomerysbL'e. 

Oct.  8.  At  the  Hook,  near  Upton-on- 
Severn,  Henry  Martin,  esq. 

York. — Sept.  2.  In  his  40th  year, 
Mr.  Thomas  Crossley,  of  Ovendon,  near 
Halifax,  author  of  **  Flowers  of  Ebor," 
and  other  poems,  also  a  contributor  for 
16  years  to  the  Lady's  and  Gentleman's 
Diary,  and  other  publications.  He  has 
left  a  wife  and  six  young  childreii. 


558 


Obituary. 


Sept,  6.  A.t  the  reridenee  of  his  bod, 
in  Leeds,  aged  71,  the  Rer.  George  Mor- 
lej,  late  GoTernor  of  the  Wesleyan  Aca- 
demy, Woodhouse-grove.  He  had  tra- 
relled  jast  half  a  century,  and  was  the 
originator  of  the  Wesleyan  Missionary 
Society  in  its  present  form  of  home  ope- 
rationt. 

Sfpt.  17.  At  Gledhow  Grove,  near 
Leeds,  aged  70,  John  Hives,  esq. 

Sept,  28.  At  York,  aged  53,  John 
Clifton,  esq.  second  son  of  the  late  John 
Clifton,  esq.  of  Lytham-hall,  Lancashire. 

Oct,  3.  At  Bridlington,  aged  86,  Robert 
Lowrey,  esq.  formerly  master  mariner 
in  the  West  India  trade.  He  acoom- 
plished  twenty-seven  snccessful  voyages 
from  England  to  Jamaica  and  back,  cross- 
ing the  Atlantic  fifty-four  times  without 
receiving  any  serious  loss  or  damage  to 
ship  or  cargo.  He  has  left  behind  him, 
in  the  parish  church  of  his  native  town, 
Bridlington,  an  excellent  organ,  which 
was  erected  there  a  few  years  ago  at  his 
expense. 

Wales. — Sept.  II.  At  Nant-y-groes, 
near  Presteigne,  aged  81,  Edward  Jen- 
kins, M.D.  Magistrate  and  Deputy-Lieut, 
for  the  CO.  of  Radnor  upwards  of  forty 
years. 

Oct,  S.  Jane,  relict  of  John  Davies, 
eiq.  of  Machynlleth  and  Aberllveny. 

ScoTLAifD. — Auo.  13.  At  Aberdeen, 
aged  65,  James  Morison,  esq.  late  of 
Berbice. 

Sept.  8.  At  West  Bay,  Rothsay,  Ca- 
roline, third  dau.  of  the  late  Dugald 
Campbell,  esq.  of  Skerrington. 

Sejit.  9,  At  Camdavon-lodge,  Aber- 
deensh.  Mrs.  Fairlie,  wife  of  J.  O.  Fairlie, 
esq.  of  Williamfleld,  Avrshire. 

Sept,  17.  At  Balcaskie,  Georgiana  Char- 
lotte, wife  of  J.  H.'JAojd  Anstruther, 
esq.  of  Hintlesham  Hall,  Suffolk. 

Sept»  92,  Geoive  Joseph  Bell,  esq. 
Professor  of  Scots  Law  in  the  University 
of  Edinburgh.  He  also  held  the  office  of 
one  of  the  I^ncipal  Clerks  of  Session. 

Lately.  At  Kirkoswold,  Ayrshire,  aged 
89,  Margaret,  dan.  of  the  late  Rev.  M. 
Biggar,  and  grand-dau.  of  the  Rev.  R. 
Wodrow,  author  of  the  **  History  of  the 
Church  of  Scotland." 

Oct.  3.  At  Glasgow,  the  Rev.  Walter 
Maclean,  formerly  Minister  of  the  Scotch 
Church,  Douglas,  Isle  of  Man. 

Oct.  5.  Col.  Knight  Erskhie,  of  Pitts, 
drie,  Aberdeensh. 

Oct.T.  At  Glasgow,  Elizabeth  Gartley, 
wife  of  William  Angus,  LL.D. 

At  Balcaske,  Fifesliire,  John  Dalyell, 
esq.  of  Lingo. 

Oct.  10.  At  Edinburgh,  Jane  Wal- 
cot,  wife  of  J.  L.  M'GilUyray,  esq.  of 
Donmaglas,  Invemess-th. 


[Not. 

iBMLk-m.-^Sepi.  7.  At  TnllTmore- 
park,  Victoria,  infuit  daughter  ox  Loxd 
Jocelyn. 

Sept.  17.  Arabella,  wife  of  Vhmeli 
Chute,  esq.  of  Chute-hall,  Kerry. 

Sept,  90,  In  Dublin,  i^  74,  JoeepH 
D'OIier,  esq.  late  of  the  Bank  of  IreUmd, 

At  the  Rev.  Francis  Brownlow^,  Derryt 
Elizabeth  Georgina,  wife  of  Claud  Alex- 
ander, esq.  of  Balloohmyle,  AynAiire» 
N.B.,  dau.  of  the  late  Col.  Keatiiice. 

Sept.  93,  At  Turlogh,  near  Balmaore, 
Dr.  Burke,  Roman  Catholic  Biinop  of 
Elphin.  

Sept,  34.  At  Dublin,  aged  79,  WQHam 
Stroker,  esq. 

Sept,  S9.  James  Hntehiiuaiiy  «f^« 
formerly  of  Mulnagore  Lodge,  Tyrone, 
and  for  many  years  merchant  in  Dublin* 

Lately,  Charles  Tottenham,  esq.  of 
Ballyeurry  and  New  Rois,  eooab  to  the 
Marquess  of  Ely.  He  married  Catliariiie» 
eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Wlgrem, 
Bart,  formerly  M.P.  for  Wezfoid,  and  is 
succeeded  in  his  extensive  estates  br  hlf 
son  Charles,  who  married  TsaneWst 
daughter  of  Lt.-Gen.  Sir  George  Airey, 
K.C.H.,  by  the  Hon.  Catharine  Talbot, 
daughter  of  the  Baroness  Talbot  of  Halt- 
hide. 

In  Waterford,  aged  90,  Margaret-Lucf , 
relict  of  the  Rev.  Richard  Yincent,  Cimte 
of  Yoi^hal. 

At  Derryhallow,  near  Dnunahamboi 
Leitrim,  Judith,  relict  of  Stephen  Russell, 
esq.  of  Chancellor*8  Town,  Tipperarj. 

At  Dublin,  aged  86,  P.  BTCormickt 
esq.  one  of  the  lut  survivors  of  the  to* 
lunteers  of  '82. 

Oct,  8.  At  Kingstown,  Capt.  Geoifo 
Bryan,  of  Jenkinstown,  co.  Kilkenny,  and 
M.P.  for  that  county  firom  the  election 
of  1837. 

Jebset.— 5^/.  10.  At  Jersey,  Sarali, 
relict  of  Edward  John  Collins,  esq.  of 
Richmond,  Surrey. 

East  Indies. — Jum  11.  At  Slngi^ 
pore,  aged  30,  John  Monckton  Hay,  esq. 
of  the  Bengal  Civil  Serv.  and  ddcit  son 
of  Capt.  Robert  Hay,  of  Bayo  Hill, 
Cheltenham. 

June  96,  At  Cawnpore,  Major  Hnntlej, 
fourth  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Richard 
Huntley,  of  Bozwell  Court,  Gloocestersh. 

July  16.  At  Russapuglah,  aged  38, 
Prince  Mahomed  Tippoo,  the  legidmato 
son  of  the  late  Prince  Mooheeoodeen,  and 
grandson  of  the  late  Tippoo  Sultan,  IeaT« 
ing  an  aged  mother,  wife,  and  three  ddl- 
dren. 

jfuff,  4.  At  Calcutta,  Mary  Ann,  wilSe 
of  John  R.  Engledue,  esq.  of  that  place, 
and  dau.  of  William  Atfield,  esq.  of  Co- 
sham-house,  near  Portsmouth. 

Abroad.— JVov.  14.     At  lea,  haTlng 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


559 


left  Hobart  Town  eiglit  days,  Mr.  John 
Wright  Baker,  surgeon,  late  of  Alresfordi 
Hants.  His  death  was  occasioned  by  thd 
accidental  discharge  of  his  fowling- 
piece. 

May  4.  At  Sydney,  New  South  Wales* 
aged  37,  Robert  Mayne,  eiq.  formeriy 
Capt.  in  the  86th  Regt. 

Alay  24.  At  Port  Louis,  Mauritius, 
Lieut,  and  Adj.  Henry  Wheatstone,  35th 
Regt. 

July  13.  At  Hong-Kong,  Capt.  Au- 
gustus H.  S.  Young,  H.  M.  55th  Regi- 
ment, youngest  son  of  the  late  Major- 
Gen.  Robert  Young. 

July  30.  At  sea,  on  the  passage  from 
Madras  to  Calcutta,  aged  43,  John  Mars- 


den,  second  son  of  the  late  Capt.  James 
Steward,  of  Her  Majesty's  Ordnance. 

At  Port  St.  Mary's,  aged  40,  Maria- 
Louisa,  wife  of  Charles  Sutton  Campbell, 
esq.  British  Vice  Consul  of  that  place. 

AtM,  8.  At  Paris,  WilUam  Chaplin, 
esq.  late  of  the  Madras  CItII  Serv.  and 
for  several  years  Commissioner  of  the 
Dekkan. 

Aua,  19.  At  Baden-Baden,  aged  60, 
Blizabeth-Anne,  relict  of  Col.  Keble. 

Aug.  ^0.  In  Toronto,  Upper  Canada, 
Edward,  third  son  of  Willuim  Beeston, 
esq.  late  of  Camberwell. 

Aug,  34.  At  Madeira,  aged  26,  Maria, 
wife  of  Thomas  Qee,  esq.  of  Hope  Man- 
sell,  Herefordsh. 


TABLE  OP  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 
From  the  Reiuma  issued  by  the  Reyistrar  General, 
DsATHS  R£0i8T£A£D  from  Sept.  83  to  Oct.  21,  (5  wetkfi«) 


Males         2649  >  .,«xi 
Females    2489  5  ^^'^^ 


Under  15 2862  *| 

15  to  60 l^^lAiioa 

60  and  upwards        875  (^^"^ 
Age  not  specified      18  j 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  Oct.  24. 


Wheat. 
s.  d, 
50    2 


Barley. 
s.  d, 
30    7 


Oats. 
«.     d, 

18    0 


Rye. 
t,     d, 
30     1 


Beans.  I  Peas. 

St         d,      I       Sm        dm 

30    6      32    8 


PRICE  OP  HOPS,   Sept. 
Sussex  Pockets,  41.  I6s,  to  5/.  I69.— Kent  Pockets,  51.  0#.  to  0/.  9s, 


PRICE   OP  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELP,  Oct.  27. 
Hay,  2/.  lOf.  to  4/.  39 Straw,  U  7s.  to  W.  15«.— Clover,  3/.  lOs.  to  51. 2s, 

SMITHFIELD,  Oct.  27.    To  sink  the  Offal_per  stone  of  Slbs. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Sept.  28. 

Beasts r. 709      Ct^yes  201 

SheepandLambs  4|700      Pigs      369 


Beef. 2s.    6(2.  to  3s.  lOJ. 

Mutton 2s.  lOd.  to  4a.    4^. 

Veal 3s.    6d.  to  4«.    6^. 

Pork 3s.    Od.  to  4a.    Od. 

COAL  MARKET,  Sept.  22. 

Walls  Ends,  from  I6s.  Od.  to  2ls.  6d.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  14#.  Od.  to  ISs.td, 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  44f.  ed.      Ydlow  Russia,  4fir.  Od. 
CANDLES,  7s.  Od.  per  doz.    Moulds,  9s.  Od. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

Atthe  Ofieeof  WOLFE,  BaoTHEAS,  Stock  and  Shftre  BrOk«rf , 

23,  Change  Alley,  CombUl. 

Birmingham  Canal,  182. Ellesmere  and  Chester,  64.— Grand  Junction,  145. 

Kennet  and  Avon,   9^.  •^—  Leeds  and  Liverpool,  670.  —  Regent's,  21  • 

Rochdale,  60. London  Dock  Stock,  97.— St.  Katharine's,  105.— ^  East 

and  West   India,  125§.  — —  London  and  Birmingham  Railway,  217.  — -~  Great 

Western,  89  — — —  London  and  Spathwestern,  66|. Grand    Junction    Water 

Works,  78. West  Middlesex,  115.  — >  Globe  Insurance.  132.  —  Gnariliaii, 

44. Hope,  6|. Chartered  Gas,  65|.— -Imperial  Gas,  62.  -— ^  Phomix  Gm, 

34, London  and  Westminster  Bank,  22i.»— Reversionary  Interest,  103. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  aa  above. 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIAaV.  by  W.CARY,  Strand. 
Fnm  Sej/t.  S6  lo  Oct.  25,  1843,  iolh  ineluthit. 
Fihrenheit'B  Tberm.  -    -      — 


sm 


WU 


Fttb 

enheifa  Thenn 

k 

Weather. 

m 

i 

^a 

1 

Weather. 

ss 

fair,  cloudy 

11      60 

; 

rfl 

^"■P;^- 

Bl.shs.lr.rly. 

4>l 

411 

,*> 

rain,  dojdy 

,76 

fair,  L-loudy 

+« 

4.'{ 

^.70 

doudy,  fair 

,  98  ;,do.  do. 

44 

■Ml 

.m  i.ruiiilo. 

m 

4:1 

;i7 

,70 

30,  OS    L-lnudr.  fair 

3S  1  45 

.■1; 

,70 

,05  I'Ho.  slight  rn. 

44  1  46 

;iH 

,27 

16  Ido.  do.  do. 

40  !  il 

,  96 

,    4-   fiiir,  cloudy 

39  ,  49 

30,30 

,  07    da.  do. 

,  80 

do. 

-2y.  76    cMy.witbni. 

21   (  49     52 

4*1 

29.  90 

30,09 

do.  do.  min 

57  :|fr.cl)F.hy.ri). 
5a  ,jfly.lr.Blt.(lo. 

■i3     31  1  S9  !  {O 

,06 

do.  do. 

ii4     5*     60  :  55 

29,  69 

8li 

do.  cidy.  .n. 

'' 

,44 

■»io,do,fiar 

DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 
From  Stpt.  2S  to  Oct,  36,  1843,  both 


31 


94 

9,1 

1 

ilA 

95 

9+ 

t)5 

!)4- 

!)4- 

ILS 

tl4 

9,1 

9,'. 

9,-1 

lOrf 

U4j 

66  pin. 
1967  pm. 
)9  67pin 

70  pm. 

70  pm. 

70  pm. 

71pm. 


]02i 


lOlil 

101  s'  loai 

lOlj'  102j 

lOlj  102i 

lOIJl  1021 

lOll  iOili 

](Hi\  1021 

lO'J  iOHi 

■"■'  I02J 

'  loaj 

-loij  ioe( 

-  loij  1024 


TTpm. 
7773  pm. 
76  74  pm. 

72  pm. 

72  pm. 
69  72  pm 


61  6ipm 
63    62  pm 

62  64pni 

62  04  pm. 
61pm. 

63  61  pm 
63  64  pm 
02  64  pm. 
63    OApm. 

65  pi 

65    61 

65p 


72  pm. 
717'l.pm 
7J74pm. 


J.J.  ARNULL,  English  Hnd  Foreign  Stock  and  Share  Broker, 
1,  Bank  Baildinga,  Londo 

SS,   rAKlIAKBHT-tTSin. 


t  i 

f 


1 


562 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


T.  Gordon* s  History  of  England,  "  I 
have  been  some  years  engaged  in  the 
History  of  England,  and  intend  to  pursue 
it.  My  first  intention  was  to  write  the 
life  of  Cromwell  onl^ ;  but  as  I  found 
that  in  order  to  desenbe  his  times  it  was 
necessary  to  describe  the  times  which 
preceded  and  introduced  him,  and  that  I 
could  not  begin  even  at  the  Reformation 
without  recounting  many  public  incidents 
before  the  Reformation,  I  have  begun  at 
the  Conquest,  and  gone  through  several 
reigns,  some  of  them  seen  and  approved 
by  the  ablest  judges,  such  fudges  as  would 
animate  the  slowest  ambition.  Half  of 
it  will  probably  appear  a  few  years  hence; 
the  whole  will  conclude  with  the  History 
of  Cromwell.*'  The  above  is  an  extract 
from  the  introduction  to  "  The  Works  of 
Sallust,  translated  by  T.  Gordon.  Lon- 
don, 1744.'*  It  does  not  appear  that  any 
part  of  the  History  of  England  mentioned 
in  this  passage  was  ever  published  ;  part 
of  it,  written  out  for  the  press  by  an 
amanuensis,  and  with  corrections  in  the 
author's  handwriting,  is  in  the  possession 
of  Sir  John  Trevelyan.  It  contains  the 
reigns  of  William  I.  and  II.  Henry  I.  11. 
III.  Stephen,  Edward  II.  and  III.  and 
James  I.  The  author  died  in  1750,  and 
it  appears  that  his  library  was  sold  to  J. 
Whiston.  The  MS.  came  to  the  late 
Sir  J.  Trevelyan  from  his  maternal  great- 
aunt  Mrs.  Gordon,  the  widow  of  the 
author,  who  was  a  daughter  of  Sir  Wm. 
Blackett,  of  Wallington,  and  died  in  1783. 
Her  first  husband  was  Mr.  Trenchard, 
the  great  friend  and  joint  labourer  with 
Mr.  Gordon  in  several  political  periodicals. 
Together  with  the  above,  is  preserved  a 
MS.  essay,  in  the  same  hand,  '*  Upon 
Persecution,  and  the  natural  ill-tendency 
of  power  in  the  Clergy,  occasioned  by  the 
Trial  and  tragical  Death  of  Lord  Cob- 
ham."  W.  C.  Trevelyan. 

Our  Correspondent  Mr.  John  Bell,  of 
Gateshead,  (p.  4^,)  may  find  an  account 
(with  a  portrait)  of  Thomas  Wright  in 
the  Gent.  Mag.  for  Jan.  1793,  (p.  9— 12,) 
and  for  Peb.  1793,  (p.  126,  127.)  It  was 
written  by  Mr.  George  Allan,  of  the 
Grange,  near  Darlington.  Mr.  Wright's 
description  of  his  villa  at  Byers  Green 
may  be  seen  in  the  Magazine  for  March 
1793,  (p.  213—216.) 

Y.  Z.  is  solicitous  to  inquire  from  what 
family  of  the  Moores  of  Norfolk  pro- 
ceeded a  William  Moore,  who,  having 
received  a  commission  in  the  army  from 
a  Duke  of  Norfolk,  went  to  and  settled  in 
Ireland,  near  Drogheda.  (temp.  Car.  II. 
vel  Jac,  II.)    Also  if  and  in  what  man- 


ner that  William  Moore  was  related  to 
either  the  Norfolk  or  the  Effingham 
branches  of  the  Howards. 

Bedfo&diensis  would  be  much  obliged 
by  any  information  relative  to  Sir  John 
llillersdon,  Knt.  lord  of  the  manors  of 
BatUesden,  HocklifiTe,  Eversholt,  and 
Elstow,  with  the  monastery,  in  the  county 
of  Bedford,  who  resided  at  Little  Park, 
Ampthill,  in  June  1623,  and  especially 
where  his  will  may  be  found. 

In  reply  to  J.  G.  in  our  number  for  Feb. 
1837,  who  requested  illustrations  of  the 
descent  of  Smith  of  Campden,  Glouces- 
tershire, Mr.  G.  Steinman  Steinman 
is  able  to  inform  him  that  the  only  son 
of  Anthony  Smith,  Thomas,  succeeded 
to  Campden,  and  left,  by  Elizabeth  his 
wife,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Eustace  Fitz- 
Herbert,  esq.  a  daughter  and  heir,  Griso- 
gon,  who  married,  first,  Edward,  second 
son  of  Sir  John  Smith,  of  Cressing  Tem- 
pie,  Essex,  by  whom  she  had  no  children; 
secondly,  Andrew  Jenour,  esq.  of  Alfres- 
ton,  in  Dunmow,  Essex,  who  died  in 
December  1621,  set.  83,  and  by  whom  she 
had  a  family.  The  wife  of  Thomas 
Smith,  of  Campden,  was  previously  the 
wife  of  an  Edward  Smith. 

A  Subscriber  for  twenty  years, 
whilst  mowine  a  few  months  since,  found 
what  appearea  to  him  to  be  a  Roman 
Catholic  Book  of  Prayers.  It  is  printed 
in  black  letter,  on  veilum,  in  the  Latin 
tongue,  and  richly  illuminated.  The  bind  - 
ingls  qffpood covered  with  crimsonfigured 
satin.  On  the  fljr  leaf  is  part  of  a  seal  of 
arms,  beneath  which  is  written  De  Ber- 
naye.  Our  Correspondent  inquires  to 
what  family  the  arms  belong.  We  can 
only  reply  that  they  are  foreign,  and  are 
probably  those  of  *<  De  Bemaye.'' 

H.  P.  is  ingenious  in  his  interpretation 
of  the  Cunetti  coin,  (though  we  believe 
his  ingenuity  has  been  anticipated,)  in 
discovering  the  letters  CNVT  REX. 
To  do  so,  however,  he  looks  at  the  coin 
in  an  inverted  position.  The  double  cross 
properly  stands  with  its  smaller  transept 
or  cross  limbs  above  the  longer ;  and  it 
has  been  demonstrated  by  Mr.  Akerman, 
in  the  Numismatic  Chronicle,  that  the 
letters  which  look  like  T  and  V,  viewed 
one  way,  are  really  imitations  of  Alpha 
and  Omega,  A  and  x,  placed  on  either 
side  the  cross,  when  correctly  regarded 
in  the  position  we  have  already  intimated' 

Errata.— P.  476,  col.  1,  for  Bu^er  read 
Bucer.  At  p.  491,  col.  2,  for  Mr.  John  Nichols 
read  Mr.  James  Nichols,  who  is  the  editor  of 
Fiiller*s  Church  History,  as  the  late  lamented 
Mr.  John  Nichols  was  of  his  Worthies,  P.  527, 
ten  lines  from  foot,  omit  the  word  <*  hundred.*' 


a 

4 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


BihliotUque  de  VEcole  des  Charles.     Tomes  IIL  et  IV.     1 841—1843. 

THE  great  historical  movement  which  has  appeared  throughout  Europe 
for  some  years  past,  has  been  more,  active  and  productive  in  France  than 
in  any  other  country.  The  efforts  of  such  men  as  Guizot  and  Augnstin 
Thierry  have  given  it  an  extraordinary  impulse  which  appears  destined  to 
continue  for  some  time  without  losing  much  of  its  force.  The  French 
government  itself  has  done  much  towards  encouraging  the  spread  of 
historical  research,  not  only  by  the  numerous  collections  of  original  docu- 
ments published  immediately  under  the  directions  of  the  Minister  of  Public 
Instruction,  but  by  its  subscriptions  in  aid  of  private  enterprise.  The 
minister  generally  subscribes  for  50,  or  100,  or  even  150  copies  of  any  work 
of  history  or  science  which  appears  to  deserve  encouragement,  which 
copies  are  distributed  among  the  libraries  of  the  departments.  We  thus 
see  among  the  list  of  subscribers  to  the  valuable  work  whose  title  stands 
at  the  head  of  our  article  the  name  of  the  Minister  of  Public  Instruction  as 
subscribing  for  sixty  copies. 

The  Ecole  des  Chartes  was  established  in  France  in  the  latter  days  of 
the  Restoration,  with  the  object  of  providing  scholars  who  should  be 
capable  not  only  of  reading  and  understanding  ancient  records  and  historical 
documents,  but  of  appreciating  their  value  and  importance,  and  thus,  in 
furnishing  workmen,  it  has  had  no  small  influence  in  extending  the  taste 
for  historical  researches.  One  of  the  objects  of  the  foundation,  of  the 
school  was  the  study  of  the  various  historical  questions  to.  which  the 
different  documents  gave  rise,  and  it  appears  to  have  been  contemplated  to 
publish  at  the  royal  press  a  series  of  essays,  &c.  which  the  studies  and 
researches  of  the  scholars  might  produce ;  but  this  plan  was  interrupted  by 
the  Revolution.  The  dleves  of  the  school  have  since  formed  themselves 
into  a  society  for  attsdning  this  object,  and  the  result  is  the  ;  publication 
which  we  have  named  above,  published  in  parts  every  second  month^ 
forming  a  large  and  very  handsome  volume  yearly*  The  success  which 
immediately  attended  this  work  has  enabled  the  society  to  publish  it  at  a 
very  moderate  rate,  but  the  small  discount  allowed  to  the  trader  has 
hindered  the  booksellers  from  bringing  it  forward  as  much  as  it  deserves 
in  this  country.*  The  fourth  volume  is  just  completed,  and  appears  to  us 
to  contain  matter  of  so  much  interest  that  we  would  not  let  pass  the 
opportunity  of  giving  some  account  of  it,  as  well  as  of  the  volume  which 
preceded  it. 

The  plan  of  tins  work  differs  from  anything  which  we  had  previously 
possessed,  and  of  anything  which  we  have  in  England.  It  consists  chiefly 
of  essays  on  detached  points  of  national  history,  (and  sometimes  of  philology, 
literature,  &c.)  founded  upon  original  and  generally  inedited  documents^ 
some  of  which  (when  they  possess  sufficient  interest)  are  printed  as  a 
supplement  to  the  essay.  A  small  portion  of  each  •  number  is  dedicated  to 
reviews  of  books  on  subjects  of  History  and  Antiquities,  and  to  a  Chronicle 
of  Historical  and  Antiquarian  Proceedings.     Among  the  contributors  are 

*  The  Society  has  appointed  Mr.  Russell  Smith  its  agent  or  publisher  in  London. 


564  Bibliolheque  de  I  Ecole  des  CharUs.  [Dec. 

some  of  tlie  most  distinguished  members  of  the  Institute^  such  as  Fauriel, 
Victor  Cousin  J  Pardessus,  Paulin  Paris,  Guerard,  Lenormant,  &c. 

llie  essays  in  this  work  are  generally  of  a  very  high  character,  although 
we  believe  they  are  written  without  remuneration,  or  the  remuneration  (if 
any)  is  exceedingly  small.  But  there  is  in  France  an  incentive  to  young 
writers  which  we  do  not  possess  in  England  :  every  one  who  distinguishes 
himself  in  this  class  of  literature  is  sure  to  obtain  ultimately  some  solid 
reward  from  his  government.  We  are  the  more  anxious  to  call  attention 
to  this  publication  in  our  own  country,  because  it  contains  numerous  articles 
which  have  an  intimate  connection  with  English  history,  and  which  throw 
much  light  on  points  that  were  hitherto  obscure. 

The  third  volume  of  this  collection  opens  with  a  dissertation  by  M. 
Lacabane  on  th^  history  of  the  closing  years  of  the  reign  of  Philippe  le 
Bel,  and  the  commencement  of  that  of  his  successor  Louis  X.  sumamed 
Hutin,  and  more  particularly  on  tlie  execution  of  the  Master  of  the  Temple, 
Jacques  de  Molay,  and  on  the  character  and  persecution  of  the  celebrated 
Enguerran  de  Marigny.  M.  Lacabane  appears  to  have  proved  that  the 
story,  discredited  by  some  modern  historians,  of  the  prophetic  speech  of 
the  Grand  Templar  at  the  stake,  who  cited  the  pope  and  the  king  to  appear 
within  a  very  limited  period  before  God  to  answer  for  their  unjust  per- 
secution of  his  order,  is  true  :  it  is  known  that  Pope  Clement  and  King 
Philippe  died  within  the  year,  both  of  diseases  which  the  physicians  could 
not  understand,  and  which  they  could  not  arrest  even  for  a  moment.  Two 
curious  documents,  on  which  M.  Lacabane  founds  part  of  his  essay,  are 
edited  for  the  first  time;  one  shows  that  the  unpopularity  of  King  Philippe 
was  so  great,  that  after  his  death  it  was  found  necessary  to  send  messengers 
round  to  the  churches  of  the  provinces  to  enforce  the  reading  of  the 
prayers  for  his  soul;  and  the  other  entirely  exonerates  Enguerran  de 
Marigny  from  the  heaviest  charge  brought  against  him,  that  of  having 
mismanaged  and  embezzled  the  royal  treasure. 

The  article  of  M.  Lacabane  is  followed  by  a  valuable  notice  of  the  his< 
torian  William  de  Naugis  and  his  continuators,  and  by  several  others  equally 
interesting  on  different  subjects  of  history  and  philology,  which  we  pass 
over  to  pause  at  an  essay  of  some  extent  on  the  Routiers  of  the  twelfth 
century.  "  AH  the  historical  documents  of  that  age  reveal  at  every  Une 
the  fearful  excesses  which  then  afflicted  society  and  threatened  its  disso- 
lution. Under  the  yoke  of  the  feudal  system,  public  authority  was  reduced 
to  nothing,  arbitrary  will  held  the  place  of  laws,  and  force  was  the  only 
guarantee  of  security  for  property,  or  for  the  person.  Till  the  end  of 
the  twelfth  century,  and  even  later,  the  lords  of  the  soil,  virtually  inde- 
pendent, except  a  vain  formality  of  faith  and  homage  exacted  by  the  mo- 
narch, sought  in  military  expeditions  a  relief  from  the  tiresomeness  of  do- 
mestic life  in  their  castles.  To  strip  travellers,  rob  churches,  and  ravage 
the  lands  of  their  weaker  neighbours,  were  the  ordinary  pastimes  of  the 
great  barons.  The  kings,  veritable  knight-errants,  were  always  abroad, 
redressing  wrongs,  punishing,  as  far  as  lay  in  their  power,  violence  and  in- 
justice. Louis  VL  and  Louis  VIL  were  almost  always  occupied  in  this 
manner.*'  The  crusade  in  the  reign  of  the  latter  prince  aggravated  the  evil. 
During  the  absence  of  the  great  barons  who  accompanied  the  king  to  the 
East,  those  whom  they  had  oppressed  and  injured,  and  who  had  often  been 
driven  to  live  as  outlaws,  joined  together  in  parties  to  avenge  themselves 
by  ravaging  their  territories.  These  parties  became  the  nucleus  of  the 
terrible  bands  who  subsequently  carried  destruction  and  consternatioa 


1643.J  Bibliotheque  de  I'Ecok  des  Charles.  565 

tbrough  the  richest  provinces  in  France.  In  1150  their  ranks  were  in- 
creased by  the  miserable  wreck  of  the  crusading  army,  who  retnrned 
without  any  resource,  except  beggary  or  pillage.  During  the  ten  years 
which  succeeded,  these  bands,  under  the  name  of  Coteriaux,  or  Ron  tiers, 
overran  the  kingdom,  almost  without  opposition^  carrying  on  a  war  of  ex- 
termination against  all  kinds  of  property.  The  political  troubles  in  the 
borderiilg  states  served  to  insure  impunity,  as  well  as  to  increase  thdr 
ranks.  They  were  constantly  taken  into  pay  both  by  the  barons,  who 
made  war  against  each  other,  and  by  the  princes,  who  invaded  the  states  of 
their  neighbours.  They  were  frequently  hired  by  the  English  king, 
and  by  his  rebellious  sons,  and  acted  a  very  remarkable  part  in  the  wars 
between  England  and  France  at  this  period.  They  often  committed 
the  most  horrible  devastation  under  the  banners  of  thcigreat  lords,  such 
as  Raymond  Count  of  Toulouse,  Roger  Viscount  de  Beziers,  Bernard  Vis- 
count de  Nimes,  &c.  Their  ravages  are  described  at  length  in  the  article 
before  us.  They  became  soon  so  formidable,  that  those  who  had  made  use 
of  them  were  unable  to  keep  them  in  subjection,  and  the  barons,  now  be- 
come the  victims  of  their  fury,  had  not  the  courage  or  power  to  repress 
them. 

At  this  conjuncture  a  new  body  of  people  made  their  appearance.  The 
miserable,  despised,  and  ill-treated  serfs  and  townsmen  became  the  saviours 
of  their  country.  In  1182  an  obscure  artizan  of  Anvergne,  a  carpenter 
named  Durand,  laid  the  foundation  of  a  society  which  delivered  France 
from  the  violence  of  the  Routiers.  ''He  was  a  poor  man,  having  a  wife 
and  children,  rather  forbidding  in  appearance,  biit  of  a  simple  and  pious 
heart.  About  St.  Andrew's  day  (Nov.  30,  1182)  hie  went  to  Peter, 
Bishop  of  Puy,  and  declared  that  he  was  sent  by  God  to  restore  peace  to 
the  kingdom.  In  proof  of  his  mission,  he  showed  a  bit  of  parchment  which 
he  said  he  had  received  from  heaven,  on  which  was  represented  the  Virgin, 
seated  on  a  throne,  holding  a  child  in  her  arms,  with  the  following  prayer 
inscribed  round  the  border :  Agnus  Dei  qui  toUispeccata  mundi  dona  nobis 
paccmj*  I'hc  Bishop  made  little  account  of  the  prietended  revelation,  and 
the  townsmen  laughed  at  the  visionary.  Yet>  by  Christmas  Day,  more 
than  a  hundred  persons  had  joined  Durand  to  labour  with  him  for  the 
restoration  of  peace.  At  the  beginning  of  1183  this  kind  of  brotherhood 
reckoned  already  five  thousand  members  ;  after  Easter  the  number  was 
infinite.  At  that  time  a  canon  of  Puy,  named  Durand  du  Jardin^  composed 
for  them  a  code  of  laws,  and  gave  them  a  uniform,  which  was  a  capuchon 
of  white  linen  or  wool,  according  to  the  season,  to  which  were  attached 
two  bands  of  the  same  material,  falling  upon  the  back  and  upon  the  breast. 
To  the  fore-band  was  fixed  a  plate  of  tin,  bearing  the  image  of  the  holy 
Virgin,  with  the  legend  Agnus  Dei,  S^c.  The  members  of  this  society 
called  themselves  brethren  or  followers  of  the  peace  of  Mary  5  the  people 
called  them  les  Capwhonnes  (Capuciati).  In  their  statutes,  of  which  the 
principal  regulations  have  been  preserved,  it  is  easy  to  recognise  the  in- 
fluence and  spirit  of  the  Church.  To  tie  the  brethren  to  regularity  of 
conduct,  preserve  them  from  the  vices  of  the  Routiers,  of  whom  they  were 
the  declared  enemies,  provide  against  the  least  causes  capable  of  troubling 
within  the  brotherhood  that  precious  peace  which  it  was  its  object  to  re- 
establish, was  what  the  author  of  these  statutes  had  chiefly  in  view.    Thus 

*  The  writer  of  the  article  from  which  we  are  quoting  has  not  observed  that  this 
incident  is  a  proof  that  the  mission  of  Durand  originated  with  a  member  of  the  clergy. 


566  Sibliotheque  de  TEcole  des  Chartes.  [Dec. 

every  one  was  not  admitted  indiscriminately  into  the  society.  The  love 
of  gambling,  for  instance,  was  a  cause  of  certain  exclosion.  Before  taking 
the  capuchon  and  pronouncing  the  oath,  it  was  necessary  that  the  candi- 
date should  have  confessed  all  his  sins.  He  must  then  swear  to  play  at 
no  game  with  dice,  to  wear  neither  long  robes  nor  poignards,  never  to 
enter  a  tavern,  never  to  pronounce  false  testimony  nor  use  indecent  or  impious 
oaths,  and  to  be  ready  to  march  at  the  first  signal  against  the  Rentiers  and 
all  enemies  of  peace.  The  ecclesiastics  who  became  members  of  the  fra- 
ternity were  dispensed  from  the  obligation  of  fighting,  on  condition  of 
saying  certain  prayers  for  the  success  of  the  institution.  Each  member, 
on  his  entrance  into  the  association,  paid  for  the  tin  image  which  he  was 
thenceforth  to  carry  on  his  breast^  in  addition  to  which  he  gave  every 
year  at  Pentecost  sixpence  for  the  support  of  the  fraternity.*'  The 
success  of  this  institution  was  so  great  that  a  contemporary  ohronider 
says  that  the  sixpenny  contributions  amounted  in  two  months  to  the 
enormous  sum  of  four  millions  of  pounds.  This  is  probably  an  exaggem* 
tion  5  but  the  number  of  persons  who  joined  the  associatton  was  immense^ 
which  shows  more  than  anything  else  the  miserable  condition  to  which  the 
whole  kingdom  was  reduced. 

The  unanimity  and  bravery  of  these  associates  soon  cleared  the  whole 
kingdom  of  the  bands  of  Rentiers  by  whom  it  had  been  devastated.  They 
defeated  them  in  numerous  great  and  well  fought  battles^  and  early  in  the 
thirteenth  century  they  had  so  well  executed  their  task,  that  France  was  re- 
stored to  absolute  internal  peace  and  secarity.  It  was  then  that  the  great 
lords  and  the  great  ecclesiastics  showed  their  gratitude.  *^  The  victories 
of  the  Coteriaux  had  so  entirely  destroyed  these  brigands,  that,  accordinff 
to  the  account  of  William  le  Breton,  the  bands  dispersed  in  the  country  and 
did  not  dare  to  do  any  further  hurt  either  to  the  king  or  to  the  kingdom. 
But  the  destruction  of  the  Rentiers  was  only  one  of  the  means  of  arriving 
at  the  general  aim  of  the  brotherhood,  the  complete  restoration  of  peace. 
For  the  peace  had  other  enemies  besides  the  Rentiers  9  and  especially 
the  lords,  who  never  laid  aside  their  arms,  and  whose  continual  wars  ex- 
hausted the  blood  and  the  revenues  of  their  vassals.  Oppressed  by  extor- 
tions and  requisitions  of  every  description^  the  Brothers  of  the  Peace 
imagined  that,  in  consideration  of  their  recent  services,  they  would  obtain 
without  much  difficulty  some  alleviation  of  their  sufferings.  To  this  legi* 
timate  hope  were  joined  in  their  minds  some  vague  ideas  of  liberty.  In 
short,  '*  they  soon  attained,"  says  a  historian  of  the  time,  **  the  height  of 
madness.  A  foolish  undisciplined  people  dared  to  signify  to  the  earls  and 
other  princes,  that,  if  they  did  not  treat  their  subjects  with  a  little  more 
gentleness,  they  would  feel  the  effects  of  their  indignation."*  Let  us  pic- 
ture to  ourselves,  if  it  be  possible,  the  astonishment  which  such  a  novel 
arrogance  must  have  produced  on  the  noble  barons.  At  first  they  were 
frightened :  '^  The  lords  trembled  around ;  they  no  longer  dared  to  violate 
the  laws  of  justice  towards  their  men,  nor  impose  new  exactions  beyond 
the  lawful  tribute."  But  they  soon  took  other  counsel  Did  not  the 
Brothers  of  the  Peace  owe  the  brilliant  successes  of  which  they  were  so 
proud  in  great  part  to  the  knights  who  had  lent  them  the  concurrence  of 
their  valour  and  of  their  experience  ?     Deprived  of  their  chiefs,  abandoned 

*  Ita  eos  extiilit  eorum  vesana  dementia,  quod  comitibus  .  .  .  mandaret  stultut  tile 
populug  et  ituUsciplinatus,  ut  erga  subditos  suos  solito  mitiores  M  ezhiberent,  etc 
(An.  Laud,  canon.  Histor.  de  France,  t.  xyiii.  p.  706.) 


1843.]  Bibliothdque  de  VBcoU  de$  Charted.  567 

by  the  nobility  and  by  the  clergy^  the  brotherhood  was  nothing  but  a  vile 
class  of  people,  infinitely  less  redoubtable  than  the  bands  over  whom  it 
had  triumphed.    The  consequence  of  tlus  reasoning  was  soon  felt ;  lay 
lords  and  ecclesiastical  lords  abandoned  the  association,  leagued  together 
against  it,  and  its  ruin  was  as  rapidly  brought  about  as  it  was  unanimously 
resolved.     The  following  is  the  manner  in  which  the  gentle  and  patemsd 
authority  of  the  bishops  treated  them.     We  relate  this  fact  the  more  wil- 
lingly, because  the  historian  who  furnishes  it,  prefaces  it  by  some  curious 
reflections  on  the  political  ideas  of  the  Capuchonnis^  It  is  interesting  to  see 
the  principle  of  natural  liberty,  which  we  are  astonished  to  find  so  early 
as  1315  solemnly  proclaimed  in  a  royal  charter,  to  see  it,  we  say,  brought 
forward  more  than  a  hundred  and  twenty  years  before  by  the  humble  dis- 
ciples of  a  carpenter  of  Auvergne.     ''  At  this  time  arose  in  France  a  horrible 
and  dangerous  presumption,  which  excited  the  plebeians  to  revolt  against 
their  superiors,  and  to  the  extermination  of  powers.     It  had  nevertheless 
its  origin  in  a  good  sentiment,  for  the  angel  of  Satan  transforms  itself  some- 
times into  the  angel  of  light.  .  •  It  was  in  fact  under  a  pretext  of  mutual 
charity  that  they  formed  an  alliance  among  themselves,  swearing  to  give 
mutual  aid  and  counsel  against  all,  whenever  there  was  need.    The  mem« 
bers  of  this  confederacy  had  taken  for  their  mark  of  distinction  capuchons 
of  linen,  with  leaden  images,  which,  they  said,  represented  Notre  Dame 
of  Puy.     A  pernicious  and  diabolical  invention  !     The  result  was  that 
there  was  no  longer  any  fear  or  respect  of  the  superior  powers,  but  all 
tried  to  obtain  that  liberty  which  they  ssdd  they  derived  from  their  first 
parents  from  the  day  of  their  creation,  not  knowing  that  their  slavery  has 
been  the  punishment  of  the  original  sin.*    Another  result  was  that  there 
was  no  longer  any  distinction  between  the  little  and  the  great,  but  rather  a 
fatal  confusion,  tending  to  the  ruin  of  the  institutions  which  now,  thanks 
to  God  !  are  governed  by  the  wisdom  and  the  administration  of  the  great. . . 
Although  this  wicked  association  had  invaded  nearly  all  the  countries  of 
France,  yet  it  infected  more  particularly  the  Auxerrois,  Berry,  and  the 
Bordelais,  and  the  madness  of  these  rebels  had  arrived  at  that  pointy  that^ 
joining  their  forces,  they  dared  to  demand  their  pretended  liberty  with 
arms  in  their  hands.     The  Bishop  of  Auxerre   (Hugh)  raged  against 
this  formidable  plague  with  the  more  rigour  because  it  had  made  the 
greatest  progress  in  his  diocese,  and  even  in  the  towns  of  his  own  domain. 
He  came  to  Giacum  with  a  multitude  of  armed  men,  fell  upon  all  the  Co* 
puchonn4a  he  could  find,  made  them  pay  heavy  fines,  and  took  away  their 
capuchons.    And  then,  in  order  to  make  a  public  example  of  this  audacious 
sect,  to  teach  serfs  not  to  be  insolent  towards  their  lords,  he  ordained  that 
during  a  whole  year  they  should  be  exposed,  without  capuchon,  and  with 
the  head  entirely  uncovered,  to  heat  and  cold,  and  all  the  variations  of 
temperature.    These  poor  devils  were  seen  sweating  in  summer  in  the 
middle  of  the  fields,  their  head  exposed  without  covering  to  the  heat  of  the 
sun ;  in  winter,  on  the  other  hand,  benumbed  under  the  rigorous  influence 
of  the  cold.    This  penitence  would  have  lasted  a  whole  year,  if  Guy 

*  In  earn  libertatem  lese  omnes  aiserere  conabantiur,  quam  ab  initio  oonditse  oreatiirte 
a  primis  parentiboa  le  contraxisge  dicebant,  ignorantes  peccati  fuissa  meritam  senri- 
tutem.  HLst.  Episc.  Antissod.  Hist,  de  Fr.  t.  zriii.  p.  7^9.  [This  was  the  doctrine 
of  the  Church  of  Rome  in  the  days  when  it  was  in  its  purity,  mit  not  of  the  primitive 
Church,  which  us«d  every  means  to  alleviate  and  do  away  the  mflinringa  of  the  lendle 
claii.] 


568  Bibliotheque  de  VEcole  dei  Charles.  [Dec. 

archbishop  of  Sens,  uncle  of  the  Bishop  of  Auxerre,  passing  there  by  acci- 
dent, and  touched  with  the  suiTerings  of  these  miserable  people,  Lad  not 
blamed  the  rigour  of  his  nephew,  and  obtained  from  him  the  remission  of 
the  punishment  which  still  remained  for  them  to  undergo*"  Such  was 
the  reward  of  the  services  they  had  rendered  to  their  country  and  to  their 
masters.  The  Routiers,  under  the  patronage  of  the  Church  who  had 
anathematized  them^  and  of  the  barons  whose  lands  they  had  ravaged,  im- 
mediately rose  up  again,  and  were  employed  to  murder  and  destroy  the 
members  of  this  beneficial  association. 

We  pass  over  several  attractive  articles  in  this  volume,  such  as  the 
historical  notice  on  the  catalogue  of  moveables  of  Gabrielle  D*£str^es 
{la  belle  Gabrielle  of  Henry  IV.),  an  inedited  letter  of  Abelard  to 
Heloise,  and  a  long  notice  of  the  life  and  labours  of  M.  Daunou,  to 
arrive  at  another  article  which  has  a  peculiar  interest  for  us,  on  the 
Grandes  Compagnies  of  the  fourteenth  centar)',  the  continuation 
of  the  Routiers  of  the  twelfth.  They  were  formed  under  the  same 
circumstances  (the  weakness  of  the  state,)  and  perpetrated  the 
same  ravages  ;  but  the  Companies  differed  much  from  the  Routiers  in  their 
composition  and  organization.  The  Comi>anies  were  i*egular  armies,  far 
superior  in  discipline  to  the  ordinary  armies  of  the  feudal  age,  and  in  this 
consisted  their  superior  strength.  They  were  led  by  skilful  commanders, 
to  whom  they  paid  the  most  absolute  obedience.  The  first  company  was 
formed  in  1353  in  the  marches  of  Ancona  by  a  knight  of  St.  John  of  Jeru- 
salem, and  pillaged  without  mercy  the  surrounding  country,  attacking  and 
taking  towns  and  castles.  AH  the  plunder  was  sold,  and  the  money  re- 
ceived into  the  hands  of  the  treasurer  of  the  company,  who  made  a  fair 
distribution.  Securities  were  given  to  the  purchasers  that  they  should 
not  be  disturbed  in  their  possession,  in  order  to  ensure  a  market.  The 
captain  of  the  company  had  his  councillors  and  his  secretaries,  add  every 
thing  had  the  air  of  a  regular  government.  This  company  increased  to 
such  a  degree,  that  it  was  distinguished  as  the  Grand' -Compagna.  In  the 
arrangement  of  military  rank,  we  find  in  this  company  the  precise  type  of 
our  modern  standing  armies.  A  system  adopted  at  the  beginning  of  this 
century  had  laid  the  ground  for  the  formation  of  these  companies,  we 
mean  that  of  employing  hired  soldiers,  who  were  disbanded  at  the  expira- 
tion of  the  period  for  which  they  were  hired,  when  a  multitude  of  men 
exercised  in  war,  and  greedy  of  plunder,  were  thrown  out  of  employment. 
The  history  of  the  ravages  perpetrated  by  these  companies^  and  of  their 
different  fates,  as  given  in  the  article  from  which  we  are  citing,  is  ex- 
tremely interesting.  They  were  most  active  during  the  wars  between 
England  and  France,  some  of  them  joining  one  side  and  some  the  other, 
and  all  changing  according  to  their  interests  or  humours.  Many  of  the 
leaders  became  powerful  chiefs,  were  courted  and  rewarded  by  monarchs, 
and  even  laid  the  foundation  of  great  families.  One  of  the  most  remarkable 
chiefs  of  companies  was  the  celebrated  Duguesclin,  whose  life  is  almost 
the  history  of  France  during  his  time.  Many  of  the  companies  at  this 
time  were  composed  chiefly  of  Englishmen,  and  some  of  them  were  com- 
manded by  English  chiefs.  It  was  an  English  company  which  in  1368 
captured  the  town  of  Vire.  Charles  VII.  in  the  fifteenth  century,  de- 
stroyed these  companies,  by  the  expulsion  of  the  English,  and  the  conse- 
quent restoration  of  peace. 

As  we  run  through  this  volume,  we  inay  point  out  as  another  excellent 
iillustraton  of  a  period  of  history,  the  memoir  of  Thomas  Basin,  bishop  of 


1843.]  Bibliotheque  de  VEcole  des  Charles.  569 

Lisieux  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  VII.  and  Lonis  XL  This  is  followed  by 
most  interesting  **  Researches  on  the  History  of  the  Corporation  of 
Minstrels,  or  players  on  instruments,  of  the  Town  of  Paris.**  We  have  in 
this  article  a  great  mass  of  curious  information  relating  to  the  history  of 
the  minstrels  and  jongleurs  in  the  Middle  Ages^  which  has  been  the  subject 
of  so  much  discussion  in  England  ;  by  which  great  light  is  thrown  on  the 
manners  and  character  of  this  singular  class  of  society.  How  much  influ- 
ence they  exercised  even  as  propagators  of  political  sentiments  we  may 
learn  from  a  royal  ordinance  of  the  year  1395,  forbidding  ''  all  mouth- 
minstrels  (i.  e.  who  sing  and  recite)  and  recorders  (repeaters)  of  ditties  to 
make,  say,  or  sing  anywhere  any  ditties,  rhymes,  or  songs,  which  make 
mention  of  the  pope,  the  king,  or  the  lords  of  France,  in  regard  of  what 
concerns  the  fact  of  the  union  of  the  Church,  or  the  voyages  which  they 
have  made  or  shall  make  on  account  of  it."  This  article  is  also  accom- 
panied with  inedited  documents. 

We  have  next  a  separate  article  on  the  Routiers  of  the  thirteenth  cen- 
tury, and  more  especially  on  their  great  leader  Mercadier,  by  no  means  in- 
ferior in  interest  to  the  papers  on  the  same  subject  which  have  preceded. 
Mercadier  was  one  of  the  remarkable  chiefs  of  those  terrible  bands  who 
flourished  in  the  days  of  King  John  of  England,  and  who  fattened  upon 
the  dissensions  between  monarchs  and  their  subjects.  Other  Rentier 
chiefs  of  the  same  time  wereFalcasius  de  Breaut4  the  favourite  of  King  John, 
whose  ravages  were  so  widely  felt  in  England,  and  the  celebrated  Eustace 
the  Monk  -,  each  of  whom  would  furnish  materials  for  a  curious  biography. 
We  have  in  the  same  volume  a  notice  of  a  mystery  represented  at  Troyes 
in  the  fifteenth  century,  containing  valuable  materials  for  the  theatrical 
and  dramatic  history  of  the  Middle  Ages  ;  a  history  of  the  translation  of 
the  reliques  of  St.  Florent  from  Roye  to  Saumur  ;  a  very  remarkable  ar- 
ticle by  M.  Paulin  Paris  on  the  history  of  Ogier  le  Danois  5  and  a  most 
learned  essay  on  the  legislation  of  the  Middle  Ages  with  respect  to 
Suicide.  We  have  by  no  means  the  space  to  enter  into  this  last  article 
so  much  as  it  deserves,  and  we  will  only  state  that  it  appears  that 
suicide  became  very  common  in  the  later  times  of  the  Western 
Empire,  particularly  among  those  attached  to  the  old  philosophy  of 
paganism,  who  appear  to  have  been  driven  into  a  kind  of  hopeless 
melancholy  amid  the  evils  which  were  every  day  accumulating  around 
them.  The  Roman  law  is  very  full  on  this  subject.  It  appears  from 
facts  collected  together  in  a  subsequent  article  on  the  same  subject 
that  this  crime  was  also  very  common  among  the  monks  in  the  Middle 
Ages,  who  were  thrown  by  their  mode  of  life  into  a  kind  of  deranged 
state,  which  old  writers  characterise  by  the  name  oiaccidia,  or  listlessness, 
and  which  among  the  old  theologians  is  reckoned  among  the  deadly  sins. 

The  last  article  we  shall  mention  in  this  volume,  though  a  short  one,  is 
excessively  interesting  with  regard  to  the  history  of  our  own  country— it 
is  an  account  of  an  insurrection  of  the  serfs  of  the  priory  of  Wenlock  in 
England  against  the  monks  about  the  year  1163.  Wenlock,  as  it  is  well 
known,  was  a  dependent  of  the  foreign  house  of  La  Charite  sur  Loire. 
It  appears  that  the  serfs  had  great  grievances  to  complain  of ;  they  arose, 
and  insisted  on  the  deposition  of  the  prior  and  election  of  another  5  after 
a  continuation  of  the  dispute,  and  some  violence,  its  decision  was 
committed  to  the  prior  of  La  Charit6,  who  seems  to  have  given  a  judgment 
in  some  measure  favourable  to  the  serfs.  The  document  here  printed  and 
commented  upon,  is  a  letter  from  Humbert  a  monk  of  Wenlock,  to  the 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX.  4  D 


570  Bihlioth(que  de  tEcole  des  Charles.  [Dec. 

prior  of  La  Charite,  praying  hira  to  recall  and  reconsider  his  judgment, 
and  giving  him  a  somewhat  detailed  account  of  the  events  which  had  led 
to  the  dispute.  His  letter  has  been  preserved  in  a  register  or  chartulary 
of  the  priory  of  La  Charitd. 

The  fourth  volume  of  the  Bihliotheque  de  VEcole  des  Charles  is  not  less 
remarkable  than  the  third  for  the  variety  and  interest  of  its  contents, 
though  a  larger  portion  of  the  essays  it  contains  belongs  to  a  comparatively 
modern  date.  We  notice  briefly  several  articles  of  M.  Pardessus  on  points 
of  Medieval  Jurisprudence  j  an  article  on  the  influence  of  the  poetry  of 
Provence  in  Italy,  by  M.  Fauriel  j  a  history  of  the  Charter  or  Liberties  of 
Normandy  ;  some  inedited  fragments  of  the  valuable  chronicle  of  George 
Chastellain  ;  an  article  by  M.  Fauriel  on  the  Sordello  of  Dante  j  several 
articles  on  points  or  episodes  of  the  philosophy  of  the  seventeenth  centuiy, 
by  Victor  Cousin  ;  studies  on  the  ancient  administration  of  the  towns  of 
France,  by  M.  Martial  Delpit,  a  young  historian  of  great  talent  and 
promise,  vvho  has  been  lately  sent  to  England  to  continue  the  researches 
commenced  by  Brequigny  in  the  last  century;  an  article  of  some 
extent  on  the  Life  of  Thomas  k  Becket,  by  Le  Roux  de  Lincy;  a 
continuation  of  the  article  on  the  ancient  legislation  with  regard  to  Suicide ; 
the  history  of  Tancred,  the  hero  of  the  first  crusade,  by  M.  de  Saulcy  j 
and  a  continuation  of  the  article  on  the  Minstrels  of  Paris,  by  M.  Bernhard. 
The  titles  here  given  are  only  those  of  a  few  principal  articles,  amongst  a 
great  variety  of  smaller  ones,  all  containing  facts  and  documents  of  more 
or  less  novelty  and  importance. 

The  second  article  on  the  Minstrels  consists  chiefly  of  the  examination 
and  history  of  the  laws  which  governed  that  body  during  the  fifteenth 
century.  It  is  perhaps  not  generally  known  that  the  principal  laws  and 
ordinances  by  which  the  Minstrels  in  France  were  governed  have  been 
preserved  -,  those  in  particular  which  concerned  their  internal  arrangement 
are  valuable  to  us  because  they  must  have  been  in  spirit  the  same  as  those 
of  the  English  minstrels  at  the  same  time.  In  France  there  were  two 
classes,  those  who  were  masters  in  the  art,  and  those  who  were  common 
practisers:  the  former  only  were  capable  of  teaching  and  taking  ap- 
prentices. Before  he  could  be  admitted  to  the  privilege  of  teaching,  the 
minstrel  must  have  been  *'  seen,  visited,  and  passed  for  sufficient,  by  the  king 
of  the  minstrels  or  hy  his  deputies ;"  that  is  to  say,  he  must  have  given  be- 
fore them  a  proof  of  his  capacity  on  the  instrument  which  he  had  chosen. 
"  It  would  not  be  without  interest  for  the  history  of  the  art,  to  know 
exactly  in  what  consisted,  at  the  epoch  of  the  promulgation  of  the  law  (the 
beginning  of  the  fifteenth  century),  the  proofs  of  sufficience  required  for  the 
musical  mastership  ;  but  no  document  aifordsus  any  information  on  this  sub- 
ject. Variable  no  doubt  in  proportion  to  the  daily  progress  of  the  art,  these 
proofs  must  also  have  been  proportioned  to  the  importance  of  the  theatre  on 
which  the  candidate  proposed  to  exercise  his  industry.  If  the  execution  of 
two  or  three  dance  tunes  was  sufficient  for  the  vulgar  minstrel  who  exercised 
his  craft  at  the  feasts  of  the  workmen  or  the  weddings  of  the  populace  of 
the  capital  and  its  banlieue,  it  would  not  be  the  same  for  the  musician 
who  aimed  at  the  public  profession  of  the  art,  and  who  performed  at  the 
balls  and  weddings  of  great  families.  An  examination  in  the  principal 
rules  of  the  musical  art,  and  the  execution  of  all  the  finest  dance  tunes  in 
fashion,  formed  probably  the  proofs  of  sufficiency  demanded  of  the  master 
in  the  art.  .  .  .  Article  V.  which  fixes  the  conditions  of  admission  to  this 
mastership,  forbids  minstrels  who  are  not  sitfficient,  that  is,  who  have  not 


]843.] 


Great  Musgrave  Church,  Westrmreland, 


571 


been  able  to  pass  the  examination  for  the  mastership,  to  play  at  honour- 
able weddings  and  assemblies,  under  pain  of  a  fine  of  twenty  sous.  Article 
VI.  adds  to  this  that  they  shall  not  take  apprentices.  These  two  prohi- 
bitions^ although  intended  more  especially  to  consecrate  the  rights  of  the 
masters,  might  also  be  explained  by  the  interest  which  the  corporation 
took  in  the  progress  and  honour  of  the  art.  Indulgent  towards  those  who 
have  not  been  able  to  fulfil  the  conditions  of  admission  to  the  mastership, 
the  corporation  does  not  deprive  them  of  the  means  of  existence,  but  it 
confines  their  industry  to  the  festivals  of  the  lower  orders,  and  prohibits 
them  formally  from  showing  themselves  ^*  at  honourable  weddings  and 
assemblies,** 

Our  object  in  the  foregoing  observations  has  been  chiefly  to  bring  before 
our  readers  the  value  of  the  collection  we  are  reviewing,  and  we  have 
thought  it  sufficient  to  notice  the  two  last  volumes  which  have  appeared. 
We  believe  that  the  first  volumes  are  now  difficult  to  procure.  We  might 
easily  have  made  further  extracts  3  but  we  have  said  enough  for  the  design 
we  aimed  at,  and  we  shall  feel  no  little  satisfaction  if  our  remarks  shall 
have  the  effect  of  making  the  Biblioth?ique  de  I'Ecole  des  Chartes  more 
generally  known  among  English  historians  and  antiquaries,  and,  above  all, 
if  they  should  lead  even  indirectly  to  the  establishment  of  a  similar  publi' 
cation  in  our  own  country. 


GREAT  MUSGRAVE  CHURCH,  WESTMORELAND. 

(With  a  Plate.) 


THE  church  of  Great  Musgrave  is 
neither  celebrated  for  its  extent  nor 
the  style  of  its  architecture  ;  in  the  first 
respect  it  would  only  vie  with  a  good 
sized  room.  But  it  is  celebrated  as  the 
scene  of  the  early  labours  of  William 
Paley,  some  of  whose  justly  appreciated 
works  were  written  in  the  parsonage 
adjoining.  More  recently  it  was 
marked  by  the  ministry  of  the  Rev. 
John  Bowstead,  B.D.  the  uncle  and 
preceptor  of  the  late  Bishop  of  Lich. 
field.  This  venerable  "  Father  of  the 
Church  "  regularly  performed  his  pa- 
rochial duties  until  near  the  age  of 
ninety,  and  died  on  the  1st  Nov.  1841 . 

Musgrave  gave  its  name  to  the 
family  who  resided  there  for  several 
ages,  and  finally  settled  at  Eden  Hall 
in  Cumberland,  which  family  is  now 
represented  by  Sir  George  Musgrave, 
Bart.  As  to  the  church,  it  is  of  Nor- 
man foundation,  the  arch  dividing  the 
nave  and  aisle  (although  modernised) 
being  of  that  period.  The  other  parts 
are  of  the  early-English,  Decorated, 
and  Perpendicular  periods,  but  there  is 
nothing  of  importance  to  mark  these 
differences  of  style,  excepting  the  re- 
mains of  the  Decorated  chancel  screen, 
shewn  in  the  plate* 


Previous  to  1248  the  church  was 
appropriated  to  St.  Mary's  Abbey  at 
York,  but  it  was  then  transferred  to 
the  bishopric  of  Carlisle,  saving  a  small 
pension  to  St,  Mary's  reserved  out  of 
its  revenues. 

There  is  a  brass  in  the  chancel  or- 
namented with  the  four  evangelists  at 
the  angles  (in  roundels),  of  the  early 
Decorated  period,  to  Thomas  Ouds, 
who  was  rector  previous  to  1298. 
On  the  north  wall  of  the  nave  is  a 
monument  to  the  founder  and  endower 
of  Musgrave  Grammar  School,  the 
Rev.  Septimus  CoUinson,  Provost  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  who  was  a 
native  of  this  parish,  and  died  Jan.  24, 
1827  (of  whom  a  memoir  will  be  fouud 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  vol. 
xcvii.  i.  178). 

Externally  there  is  nothing  material 
to  notice,  but  the  churchyard  formerly 
had  several  carved  coffin-lids  belong-^ 
ing  to  the  Musgraves,  of  ancient  date» 
The  counties  of  Westmoreland  and 
Cumberland  contain  many,  and  there 
are  some  specimens  engraved  in  Ly-« 
sons's  Cumberland,  but  only  one  is 
now  left  at  Musgrave,  and  that  is  built 
into  the  eastern  wall  of  the  church. 
When  an  inquiry  was  ma4e  after  90iP9 


572 


Great  Musgrave  Church,  Westmoreland. 


[Dec» 


others  which  were  in  existence  here 
only  some  twenty  years  back,  the  quiet 
answer  of  the  mason  who  "  did  the 
job"  was,  that  he  had  "  mashed  "  them 
up  and  built  the  remains  in  the  wall. 

Over  the  chancel  screen  and  walls 
are  several  garlands.  These  denote 
an  ancient  annual  custom  which  takes 
place  in  July,  called  "  Rush-bearing," 
when  the  female  children  of  the  village 
go  in  procession  to  the  church,  and 
each  deposits  an  offering  of  flowers, 
which  remain  there  until  the  following 
year.  A  representation  of  this  cere- 
mony is  given  in  the  work  known  as 
"Westmoreland  and  Cumberland  il- 
lustrated," accompanied  by  the  follow- 
ing account  of  it : — 

**  In  some  places,  to  the  present  day, 
the  church  floor  is  annually  strewn  with 
rushes  ;  and  in  several  others,  as  at  Am- 
bleside, the  ceremonial  is  still  preserved. 
We  have  collected  from  various  sources 
the  characteristic  features  of  recorded 
rush-bearings,  in  which,  though  the  object 
is  the  same,  the  materiel  of  the  festivity 
is  somewhat  different. 

*'  At  Rochdale  in  Lancashire,  the 
rushes  are  laid  transversely  on  the  rush- 
cart,  and  are  cut  with  sharp  knives  into 
the  desired  form.  When  the  cart  is 
finished,  the  load  of  rushes  is  decorated 
with  carnations  and  other  flowers  in  various 
devices,  and  surmounted  by  branches  of 
oak,  and  a  person  rides  on  the  top.  The 
cart  is  sometimes  drawn  by  horses,  but 
more  frequently  by  men,  to  the  number 
of  twenty  or  thirty  couple,  profusely 
adorned  with  ribands  and  finery.  They 
are  generally  preceded  hymen  with  horse- 
bells  about  them,  grotesquely  jumping 
from  side  to  side,  and  jingling  the  bells. 
After  these  is  a  band  of  music,  and  some- 
times a  set  of  morris -dancers  (but  without 
the  ancient  appendage  of  bells),  followed 
by  young  women  bearing  garlands.  Then 
comes  the  rush-banner  of  silk,  tastefully 
adorned  with  roses,  stars,  and  tinsels ; 
this  is  generally  from  four  to  five  yards 
broad,  by  six  or  eight  yards  long,  having 
on  either  side,  in  the  centre,  a  psdnting  of 
Britannia,  the  King's  arms,  or  some  other 
device.  The  whole  procession  is  flanked 
by  men  with  long  cartwhips,  which  they 
keep  continually  cracking  to  make  a  clear 
path.  A  spirit  of  rivalry  exists  amongst 
the  neighbouring  villages,  as  to  which 
shall  produce  the  best  cart  and  banner, 
and  sometimes  a  serious  fracas  takes  place 
between  the  parties. 

"  At  Warton,  in  Yorkshire,  they  cut 
hard  rushes  from  the  marsh,  which  they 
make  up  into  long  bundles^  and  then  dress 


them  up  in  fine  linen,  silk  ribands,  flowers^ 
&c.  Afterwards  the  young  women  of  the 
village  who  perform  the  ceremony  for  that 
year,  take  up  the  bundles  erect,  and  begin 
the  procession,  which  is  attended  with 
multitudes  of  people,  vrith  music,  drums, 
and  ringing  of  bells.  When  they  arrive 
at  the  church,  they  go  in  at  the  west  door, 
and  setting  down  their  burdens  in  the 
church,  strip  them  of  their  ornaments, 
leaving  the  heads  or  crowns  of  them  decked 
with  flowers,  cut  papers,  &c.  in  some  part 
of  the  church,  generally  over  the  cancelli, 
or  chancel  [-screen].  The  company  on 
their  return  partake  of  a  plentiful  colla- 
tion, and  conclude  the  day,  weather  per- 
mitting, with  a  dance  round  a  Maypole 
tasteftdly  decorated. 

'<  The  church  of  St.  Oswald,  at  Gras- 
mere,  is  annually  strown  with  rushes,  and 
paper  garlands,  tastefully  cut,  are  depo- 
sited in  the  vestry  by  the  girls  of  the  vil- 
lage. 

*^  The  custom  is  still  extant  of  strewing 
Norwich  cathedral  on  the  mayor's  day, 
when  all  the  corporation  attend  divine 
service.  The  sweet-scented  flag  was  ac- 
customed to  be  used  on  this  occasion,  its 
roots,  when  bruised,  giving  forth  a  power- 
ful and  fragrant  odour ;  but  the  great  con- 
sumption of  the  roots  by  the  brewers 
(under  the  name  of  quassia)  has  rendered 
it  too  valuable,  and  the  yellow  water-iris  is 
therefore  substituted  in  its  stead.  The  flags 
were  formerly  strewn  from  the  greiat  west 
door  to  the  entrance  of  the  mayor's  seat ; 
but  they  are  now  laid  no  ftirtber  than  the 
entrance  to  the  choir.  Twelve  shillings 
per  annum  are  allowed  by  the  dean  and 
chapter  for  this  service. 

**  The  strewing  of  rushes  was  not,  how- 
ever, confined  to  churches ;  private  houses, 
and  even  palaces,  had  no  better  garniture 
for  the  floors  in  olden  limes,  as  we  may 
gather  from  fragments  of  history.  In 
*  Newton's  Herball  to  the  Bible,'  mention 
is  made  of  '  sedge  and  rushes,  with  the 
which  many  in  the  country  do  use  in  sum- 
mer time  to  strawe  their  parlors  and 
churches,  as  well  for  coolness  as  for 
pleasant  smell.'  Hentzner,  in  his  Itinerary, 
speaking  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  presence- 
chamber  at  Greenwich,  says,  *  The  floor, 
after  the  English  fashion,  was  strewed  with 
hay.' 

*'  At  Ambleside,  the  tasteful  and  elegant 
garlands  are  deposited  in  the  church  on 
Saturday,  and  remain  there  during  divine 
service  on  the  Sunday,  when  each  girl  takes 
her  respective  garland,  and  all  the  bearers 
walk  in  procession,  preceded  by  a  band  of 
music.  The  children  receive  a  penny- 
worth of  gingerbread,  and  a  small  gratuity 
at  the  door  of  the  church." 

The  site  of  Musgrave  charch  is  extra- 


1843.] 


•  -    •  . .     -  ■        .  -        I 

Suffdk  Churches  with  High  Chancels, 


hfi 


ordinary ;  for,  instead  of  being  in  the 
village,  which  is  about  a  quarter 
of  a  mite  distant  from  the  river 
Eden,  on  a  high  rising  ground,  it  is 
actually  within  a  few  yards  of  the 
water's  edge,  and  the  rectory,  a  little 
westward  of  the  church,  is  on  still 
lower  ground.  Whenever,  therefore, 
there  is  a  flood,  or  the  "  beck  is  out," 
as  the  local  term  has  it,  a  case  often 
occurring  suddenly,  owing  to  the  rapid 
fall  of  water  from  the  fells  in  rainy 
weather,  the  church  is  sometimes,  and 
the  rectory  generally,  flooded.  Thus 
many  have  been  the  unlucky  inmates, 
who  have,  on  walking  quietly  down 
stairs  on  a  dark  morning,  found  them- 
selves suddenly  in  two  or  three  feet 
depth  of  water.  The  late  rector  was 
one  of  these. 


Safttford  Hundred. 

Bentley. 

Freston. 

Higbam. 

Harkstead. 

Holbrook. 

St.  Clement's,  Ipswich. 

St.  Helen's,  do. 

St.  Mary  Elms,  do. 

St.  Mary  Stoke,  do. 

St.  Nicholas,  do. 

Stutton. 

Washbrook. 

Westerfield, 

Little  Wanham. 

Wherstead. 

Woolverstone. 

Carlford  Hundred, 

Bealings  Parva. 

Bucklesham. 

Ciopton. 

Helmly. 

Kesgrave. 

Loes  Hundred, 

Charsfield.f 
Dallinghoo* 
Hoc. 

Kettleburgh. 
Letheringham. 
Woodbridgey  (a  noble 
church.) 

Wilford  Hundred, 
Alderton. 


Baudsey. 

Boulge. 

Boyton. 

Debach. 

HoUesley. 

Ramsholt. 


Plomegate  Hundred* 

Aldboroagh. 

Friston. 

Little  Glenham. 

Orford. 

Stratford. 

Sudboume. 

BlicJsling  Hundred, 

Aldringham. 

Benacre. 

Blithford. 

Blithburgh. 

Brampton. 

Frostenden. 

Halesworth,  (fine  building.) 

Henstead. 

Knoddishall. 

Leiston. 

Middleton. 

Rumburgh.f 

South  Cove* 

Southwold,  (fine  church.) 

Spexball. 

Ubbeston. 

Uggeshall. 

Wangford. 

Westhall. 

Westleton. 


Mb.  Urban,  Ipswich,  Nov,  6. 

I  AM  desirous  of  adding  in  exlenso 
to  the  statement  made  in  your  number 
for  November  by  G.  C.  that  in  several 
of  the  Suffolk  churches  the  chancels  are 
of  the  same  altitude  as  the  nave,  by 
giving  a  list  so  far  as  1  can  complete 
it,  of  all  the  ecclesiastical  structures 
in  this  county  that  bear  such  peculi- 
arity. There  are,  no  doubt,  many 
more  which  on  search  might  be  in- 
cluded. The  list  I  subjoin  is  gathered 
from  a  large  collection  of  antiquarian 
drawings,  made  by  the  late  Isaac 
Johnsoov  of  Woodbridge  (upwards  of 
1400),  in  my  possession.*  These  draw- 
ings were  made  between  the  years 
1798  and  1810,  and  even  later.  The 
well-known  accuracy  of  Isaac  Johnson 
is  a  sufficient  guarantee  for  authority. 

Yours,  &c.    John  Woddbrspoon. 

Mutfwd  Hundred. 

Bamby. 

Kessingland. 

Kirkley. 

Matford. 

Pakefield. 

Rashmere. 


Lothingland  Hundred, 

Asbbye. 

Gorlestone. 

Hopton. 

Lowestoft. 

Somerly. 

Wangford  Hundred, 

Beccles. 

Ellough.f 

Homersfield. 

North  Cove» 

St.  Peter,  Southelmham. 

St.  Margaret,  Ilketshall* 

Mettingham,  Ilketshall. 

Hoxne  Hundred, 

Athelington. 

Carleton. 

Syleham.f 

Sacsteadtf 

Tannington. 

Wingfield. 

Hartismere  Hundred, 

Redlingfield. 
Little  Thornham. 
Rishanger.f 


*  We  bave  enlarged  our  Correspondent's  list  from  another  series  of  Johnson's 
drawings,  belonging  to  Mr.  Nichols, 
t  Chancel  higher  than  Nave, 


574 

Thredling  Hundred, 

Peltaugh.f 

Thorp. 

Winston. 

Stow  Hundred, 

West  Creeting.f 

Harlestone. 

Newton. 

Bosmere  and  Claydon 
Hundred, 

Bricet. 

Greeting  St.  Mary. 
Darmsden  Chapel. 
Hemingston. 


On  the  Altitude  of  Chancels. 


[b 


ec. 


Henley. 
Somersham. 

Thingoe  Hundred, 

Barrow.f 
Flempton. 

Fornham  All  Saints. 
Risby.t 

Thedwattre  Hundred, 

Gedding. 
Stanningfield. 

Blackboume  Hundred, 

Little  Livermere, 
Stanton  All  Saints. 
Thelnetham. 


Risbridge  Hundred, 

Denardiston. 
Dcpden.t 
Lidgate. 
Wixoe. 

Babergh  Hundred, 

Melford. 

Neyland. 

Somerton.t 

St.  Gregory,  Sudbury. 

Cosford  Hundred. 

Bildeston. 
Lindsey. 


Ma.  UaBA.N, 

I  BEG  leave  to  return  my  thanks  to 
your  correspondent  Saxon  for  the 
very  satisfactory  answer  to  my 
query  respecting  the  cause  that  our 
chancels  are  generally  built  lower 
than  the  nave.  He  has  explained  the 
probable  origin,  and  at  the  same  time 
admitted  that  there  appears  no  valid 
reason  for  this  construction.  From  his 
papers  in  your  Magazine,  I  feel  con- 
vinced that,  if  a  satisfactory  reason 
could  have  been  given  for  continuing 
this  unsightly  mode  of  constructing 
the  chancel,  it  would  not  have  been 
unknown  to  him.  But  I  own  I  should 
have  been  surprised  had  any  been  as- 
signed ;  because,  if  there  had  been  any 
reason  derived  from  the  nature  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  service  or  any  other 
similar  cause  for  diminishing  the  height 
of  the  chancel,  this  reason  would  have 
applied  in  a  stronger  degree  to  our  ca- 
thedrals and  collegiate  chapels,  which 
ought  in  that  case  to  have  been  ex- 
amples of  such  mode  of  building  to  the 
parochial  churches ;  whereas  the  cha- 
pels sometimes  attached  to  the  east-end 
of  a  cathedral  appear  as  mere  appen- 
dages to  the  main  building,  and  in  such 
relation  add  a  grandeur  and  beauty  to 
the  noble  contour  of  the  structure  it- 
self. Very  different  is  the  effect  of  a 
depressed  chancel  forming  an  essential 
part  of  the  church,  especially  when 
seen,  as  it  most  frequently  is,  laterally, 
the  side  of  a  church  being  in  most 
cases  its  front.  The  want  of  all  group- 
ing or  balance,  if  custom  did  not  re- 


concile it  in  part,  would  be,  I  think, 
extremely  displeasing  to  every  spec- 
tator. 

It  is  evident  then  that,  as  the  custom 
of  building  chancels  lower  than  the  nave 
arose  merely  from  the  imitation  of  the 
alcove  or  apsis  in  the  primitive  churches, 
(which  was  probably  at  first  an  in- 
ternal recess  only,)  there  is  no  reason 
for  continuing  this  unsightly  depres- 
sion, and  diminishing  the  height  of  the 
most  important  part  of  every  Christian 
church,  the  locality  of  the  communion 
table  or  altar.  And  I  earnestly  hope 
that  our  architects  will  see  the  supe- 
riority Uiey  will  give  to  future  churches 
over  those  which  have  been  built  in 
modern  times,  by  following  in  this 
respect  the  fine  models  afforded  by 
many  old  churches  with  the  equal 
chancel. 

Yours,  &c.    G.  C. 


Ma.  Urban,     Dorchester,  Nov,  10. 

ALLOW  another^  mere  lover  of 
church  architecture  to  make  a  few 
observations  on  the  subject  discussed 
in  your  last  number,  the  proportions 
of  churches,  by  your  worthy  cor- 
respondent G.  C. ;  with  whom,  while 
1  heartily  thank  him  for  his  valuable 
paper,  I  do  not  coincide  in  objection 
to  the  low  chancel. 

I  fancy  that  in  believing  the  step- 
like figure  made  by  a  church  with  a 
tower  and  low  chancel  "to  be  in  ab- 
solute repugnance  to  the  partiality 
which  we  always  manifest  for  the 
irregularly  pyramidal  in  any  single 


f  Chancel  higher  than  Nave. 


1843.] 


Ne'ii)  Cemetery  Chapel  at  Cambridge, 


575 


group/'  G.  C.  is  thinking  ofa  chancel, 
church,  and  tower  of  heights  in  arith- 
metical proportion  to  each  other,  or 
nearly  so,  like  the  figures  which  he  has 
given  us  on  page  484,  and  which  seem 
to  me  to  form  as  bad  outlines  of  build- 
ings as  to  himself;  but  I  believe  that 
a  tower,  church,  and  chancel  of  heights 
and  widths  in  harmonic  proportion  to 
each  other,  would  make  an  architec- 
tural cluster  in  which  the  chancel 
would  be,  not  only  not  oifensive  but 
desirable  to  fill  up  the  harmony  of 
the  other  two  members. 

In  that  too  little  understood  and 
wonderfully  neglected  principle  of 
harmony  in  form  as  well  as  in  sound, 
harmonic  proportion,  three  terms,  are 
in  harmonic  proportion  when  the  1st 
is  to  the  3rd  as  the  difi^erence  between 
the  1st  and  2nd  is  to  the  difference 
between  the  2nd  and  3rd  as  the 
numbers  6,  3,  and  2,  of  which  the  1st 
(6)  is  to  the  3rd  (2)  as  the  difference 
between  the  1st  and  2nd  (which  is 
3)  is  to  the  difference  between  the 
2nd  and  3rd  (namely  1) ;  and,  as 
the  harmonic  divisions  of  a  wire 
yield  the  chords  in  music,  so,  if 
the  height  of  the  tower  were  to  that 
of  a  chancel  as  the  difference  of  the 
heights  of  the  tower  and  church  were 
to  the  difference  of  the  heights  of  the 
church  and  chancel,  and  if  the  widths 
of  the  church,  chancel,  and  tower  were 
also  in  harmonic  proportion,  then 
I  believe  that  Ijie  whole  church,  "when 
strongly  marked  against  the  sky," 
like  G.  C.'s,  would  give  an  outline 
which  would  be  grateful  to  the  eye, 
as  the  chords  of  sound  are  to  the  ear. 

In  the  following  shade  I  have  given 
the    tower     as 
120  feet   high, 
with  the   nave 
about    50    feet 
high,    a    third 
harmonic    pro- 
portional 
(within   a   few 
inches)   to   the 

height  of  the  whole  tower  and  the 
part  of  it  above  the  nave ;  while  the 
chance],  about  31  feet  high,  is  a  third 
harmonic  proportional  to  the  heights 
of  the  tower  and  nave  ;  and  the  lengths 
of  the  nave  and  chancel  being  about  70 
and  46  5  feet,  are  harmonic  propor- 
tionals to  the  width  of  the  tower 
about  31.5. 


To  find  the  height  of  a  chancel  a 
third  harmonic  proportional  to  the 
tower  and  church,  divide  the  product 
of  the  heights  of  the  tower  and  church 
by  twice  the  height  of  the  tower  minus 
that  of  the  church;  and,  to  find  a 
middle  harmonic  proportional  to  two 
known  ones,  as  the  length  of  a  chan- 
cel to  that  of  the  nave  and  breadth  of 
the  tower,  divide  double  the  product 
of  the  known  quantities  by  their  sum. 

If  the  chancel  with  the  proportions 
I  have  given  should  be  longer  than 
necessary,  it  might  be  shortened  by 
making  it  a  3rd  instead  of  middle  pro- 
portional to  the  length  of  the  church 
and  breadth  of  the  tower. 

To  G.  C.'s  objection  that  in  a  church 
with  a  tower  and  low  chancel  "  the 
height  and  weight  are  all  on  one  side," 
it  may  be  answered,  that  it  is  not  ab- 
solutely necessary  for  the  objects  of  a 
pyramidal  group  to  be  an  isosceles 
pyramid,  and  a  good  painter  may  de- 
lineate a  family  group  in  some  suc- 
cession according  to  their  stature, 
though  not  in  that  arithmetical  pro- 
portion of  distances  in  which  a  line 
touching  all  their  heads  would  be  a 
straight  one.  Yours,  &c. 

W.  Baunbs. 


Mr.  Urban,    Cambridge,  Nov,  15. 

OF  some  of  the  lately  erected 
churches  here  the  less  that  is  said  the 
better,  for  what  notice  they  have 
obtained  has  not  been  at  all  in  their 
favour ;  neither  can  very  much  be  said 
in  commendation  of  some  of  the  modern 
Gothic  in  our  colleges ;  but  we  have 
just  got  a  specimen  of  Gothic  in  a 
small  Cemetery  Chapel  erecting  here, 
and  now  nearly  completed,  which  is 
in  most  excellent  taste,  and  which, 
small  as  it  is,  exhibits  the  true  spirit 
and  gusto  of  the  style.  It  has  in  fact 
already  begun  to  make  a  sensation 
among  our  architectural  connoisseurs ; 
and  even  those  among  them,  who 
object  to  some  things  in  it  as  not  quite 
in  accordance  with  their  favourite 
"  precedent,"  have  not  been  able  to 
refrain  from  expressing  their  admira- 
tion at  the  beauty  of  the  details,  and 
the  superior  manner  in  which  they 
have  been  wrought. 

You  will  therefore  probably  imagine 
that  the  funds  for  the  building  must 
have  been  supplied  far  more  liberally 
than   usual ;  yet  I    understand   that 


576 


The  Portrait  GaUeriet  of  Venaillet. 


[I>ec. 


rather  the  reverse  is  the  case,  and  that 
it  is  the  admirable  ecoDomy  on  the 
part  of  the  architect,  and  his  judgement 
in  design,  which  have  enabled  him  to 
effect  so  much,  with  very  limited 
means.  Even  Mr.  Pugin,  who  has 
not  been  particularly  complimentary 
to  Cambridge — I  am  glad  he  has  just 
got  a  dressing  in  Fraser's  Magazine — 
would  be  satisfied  with  this  very  beauti- 
ful little  chapel.  Had  I  sufficient  skill 
as  a  draftsman  to  do  tolerable  justice, 
I  would  gladly  send  you  a  drawing 
of  it  for  your  publication  ;  but  it  would 
be  a  bad  return  to  the  architect  for 
the  gratification  his  work  has  afforded 
me,  were  I  to  misrepresent  it  in  an 
amateur  sketch,  showing  just  enough 
to  make  the  general  shape  and  de- 
sign understood,  but  conveying  no 
idea  whatever  of  the  beauty  and  real 
character  of  the  individual  features 
and  details — all  touched  with  a  master- 
hand. 

In  most  other  modern  Gothic  build- 
ings, there  has  generally  been  an  in- 
describable deficiency — a  lack  of  some- 
thing— even  where  the  style  of  a  par- 
ticular period  has  been  tolerably  well 
kept  up  ;  for,  if  there  has  been  correct- 
ness, it  has  been  a  cold  formal  sort  of 
correctness,  and,  with  a  sort  of  pains- 
taking fidelity,   there  has  also  been 


feebleness  and  tameness.    Such  u  not 
the  case  here,  I  assure  you. 

Of  his  ability  in  the  Tudor,  the 
architect  of  this  chapel  has  given  us 
convincingproof  in  the  entrance- lodge^ 
grouped  with  piers  and  two  gates,  one 
on  each  side  of  it.  More  than  ordi- 
narily picturesque  as  a  composition, 
it  has  much  architectural  merit  in 
other  respects,  and  in  one  has  some 
novelty,  it  being  of  white  brick  with 
stone  dressings,  with  an  intermixture 
of  red  brick  forming  a  pattern  upon 
the  white  ground  ;  a  species  of  poly- 
chromy  that  seems  to  be  in  perfect 
accordance  with  this  particular  style 
and  class  of  buildings.  If  I  am  rightly 
informed,  the  architect's  name  is 
Lamb  or  Lambe — for  as  to  the  or- 
thography I  will  not  be  positive.  He 
is  not  a  resident  among  us,  but,  after 
such  a  d4hut,  will,  probably,  have 
other  occasions  for  visiting  us.  In 
case  you  think  this  slight  account 
worth  inserting,  1  may  send  you  a 
more  accurate  one  ere  long,  as  soon 
as  the  chapel  shall  have  been  com- 
pleted internally,  when  all  the  windows 
will  be  filled- in  with  stained  glass. 

I  remain.  Yours,  &c.  J.  T. 

An  unprbjudicbd  Admirer  of 
Gothic  Architecturi. 


THE  PORTRAIT  GALLERIES  OF  VERSAILLES. 

(No.  III.) 


WE  now  enter  the  second  room  of 
the  gallery,  of  smaller  dimensions 
than  the  first,  and  filled  with  pictures 
of  more  recent  date,  but  containing 
several  that  are  worthy  of  notice. 

Immediately  upon  the  left  hand  on 
entering  is  hung  an  oblong  picture  re- 
presenting  a  Ball  given  at  the  Court  of 
Henry  III.  on  occasion  of  the  marri- 
age of  Anne  Duke  de  Joyeuse  with 
Marguerite  de  Lorraine,  a.d.  1581.  It 
is  by  Francois  Clouet,  and  is  of  some 
merit  as  a  work  of  art,  though  of  much 
greater  interest  as  a  really  contempo- 
rary painting  full  of  portraits.  The 
company  are  dancing,  probably  a  Sa- 
raband, and  are  dressed  in  the  ex- 
treme fashion  of  that  fantastic  age. 
The  stuffed  vests  of  the  men  projecting 
into  a  kind  of  down-hanging  peak, 
something  in  the  Polichinello  style, 
3 


are  curiously  contrasted  with  the  stiff 
ruffs  and  jewelled  stomachera  of  the 
ladies.  This  picture  contains,  besides 
the  portraits  of  the  illustrious  bride 
and  bridegroom,  those  of  Henry  III. 
Louise  de  Lorraine  his  queen,  Catha- 
rine da  Medicis  his  mouier.  Margue- 
rite de  Valois  queen  of  France  and 
Navarre*  the  Duke  de  Guise  le  Ba- 
lafr^,  the  Dake  de  Mayenne,  and  other 
notable  pericnaget. 

A  smaller  picture,  near  it,  and  pro- 
bably  by  the  same  hand,  commemo- 
rates another  Ball,  given  by  the  same 
monarch,  but  upou  what  occasion  is 
not  known.  It  contains  portraits  of 
most  of  the  personages  composing  the 
court,  including  the  King  and  the  two 
Queens.  A  gentleman  and  lady  are 
coming  down  the  middle  of  a  gallery 
of  the  Louvre,  dancing  something  like 


1843.] 


The  Portrait  Galleries  of  Versailles. 


677 


a  minuet.     Both  BalU  were  given  by 
daylight. 

There  is  a  forcible,  though  not  a 
pleasing  picture,  of  The  Balafre,  in 
this  room,  which  would  lead  us  to 
infer  that  he  was  a  handsome  man, — 
and,  if  there  be  any  truth  in  physiog- 
nomy, infinitely  superior  to  the  con- 
temptible monarch  who  then  occupied 
the  throne.  It  is  of  the  same  date  as 
the  Duke,  though  the  painter's  name 
is  not  known.  By  its  side  is  a  more 
remarkable  picture  of  the  Cardinal  de 
Guise  of  the  same  date ;  he  is  repre- 
sented in  lay  costume,  and  was  a 
handsomer  man  than  his  brother.  We 
have  always  considered  it  a  calamity 
for  France  that  the  House  of  Guise  did 
not  obtain  possession  of  the  throne : 
there  was  far  more  of  vigour  and  in- 
nate talent  among  them  than  the 
Bourbons  ever  shewed. 

A  remarkably  fine  contemporaneous 
portrait  of  Pope  Sixtus  V.  is  the  next 
picture  which  catches  our  eye.  It  re- 
presents that  able  man  and  judicious 
patron  of  art  in  three-quarters  length, 
in  pontifical  robes,  and  is  of  the  Italian 
school  of  art,  though  the  painter's 
name  is  not  known.  Another  good 
picture  is  placed  by  it,  that  of  Filippo 
Strozzi,  Seigneur  of  Epernay  and 
Bressuire,  and  Colonel  General  of  the 
French  Infantry,  ob.  1582.  He  is 
honorably  mentioned  by  Brant6me,  as 
having  been  the  first  to  introduce  such 
improvements  into  the  discipline  of 
the  French  infantry  as  to  make  it 
nearly  equal  to  that  of  Spain,  then 
reckoned  the  best  in  Europe.  The 
figure  is  in  armour,  the  colouring  rich 
and  vigorous,  though  dark :  the 
painter's  name  not  known. 

Numerous  pictures  from  the  old  col- 
lection of  the  Sorbonne,  for  the  autho- 
rity of  which  we  cannot  vouch,  are 
placed  in  this  room  :  they  commemo- 
rate some  of  the  most  illustrious  the- 
ologians and  scholars  of  the  end  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  such  as  Justus  Lip- 
sius,  Cujas,  Montaigne,  Baronius,  and 
Cardinal  Toletus,  who,  it  is  said,  held 
a  chair  of  Philosophy  at  Salamanca 
when  only  fifteen  years  of  age.  In  the 
corner  will  be  observed  a  genuine  pic- 
ture by  Quentin  Metsys,  of  Magda- 
lena  Moonsia,  distinguished  by  her 
courageous  behaviour  during  the  siege 
of  Leyden. 

At  the  end  of  the  room  there  is  a 

Gknt.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


small  full-length  picture  by  F.  Porbus* 
of  Henry  IV.  taken  when  a  boy ;  and 
it  is  worthy  of  inspection  as  a  fine 
specimen  of  this  master's  style.  At 
the  lower  part  of  the  picture  is  the 
following  inscription : 

Henry  Prince  de  Navarre  en  leage  de 
4  ans.  Ac.  1557. 

Near  it  is  a  portrait,  not  very  flat- 
tering, of  Marguerite  de  Valois :  a 
little  further  on  occurs  a  rather  dis- 
agreeable likeness  of  Mariede  Medicis; 
and  still  more  to  the  souths  along  the 
end  wall,  is  to  be  found  a  remarkably 
fine  portrait  of  the  same  queen,  size 
of  life,  a  bust  only,  with  an  enormous 
ruff.  These  pictures  are  all  contem- 
poraneous with  their  subjects ;  but  the 
names  of  the  artists  are  not  specified. 
The  last  in  particular  is  a  noble  picture, 
whether  for  colouring  or  for  execution ; 
unlike  the  style  of  any  French  artist 
of  that  date  with  whose  works  we  are 
acquainted. 

Henry,  first  Duke  of  Montmorency, 
and  constable  of  France,  is  represented 
in  a  picture  of  great  value  as  a  work 
of  art  in  this  room;  no  painter's 
name  appears  on  the  canvass  or  in 
the  catalogue,  but  it  is  an  original, 
and  not  to  be  passed  by  lightly.  There 
is  a  smaller  portrait  of  the  same  noble- 
man underneath  it.  Another  military 
character  of  that  epoch,  Jean  Babou, 
Count  of  Sagonne,  "  Mestre  de  Camp 
General"  of  the  French  Cavalry,  has 
been  portrayed  by  an  able  but  un- 
known hand,  on  canvass,  in  this  part  of 
the  room.  The  countenance  of  the 
General  is  very  remarkable — the  picture 
worthy  of  inspection.  Nothing  is 
known  as  to  the  date  when  the  count 
was  born  ;  he  was  killed  at  the  batUe 
of  Arques  in  1589. 

We  now  come  to  a  small  picture  not 
painted  in  a  manner  to  command  any 
attention  as  a  work  of  art,  but  highly 
curious  from  its  being  an  almost  unique 
representation  of  one  of  the  tumultuoua 
scenes  that  occurred  in  Paris  daring 
the  time  of  the  League.  It  represents 
a  riotous  procession  of  leaguers,  com- 
prising numerous  monks  and  other 
ecclesiastical  personages,  as  well  as 
laymen.  The  picture  was  painted  in 
1595  for  the  Prefect  of  the  College  of 
Navarre,  who  was  Guillaume  Rose, 
Bishop  of  Senlis,  and  was  by  him 
given  to  the  College  of  the  Sorbonne. 
The  occasion  of  this  procession  is  thus 

4E 


578 


The  Portrait  Galleries  of  Versailles. 


[Dec. 


narrated    by   Montfaucon     (tome   v. 
p.  329)  :— 

"  In  1593,  after  the  death  of  the  Cardinal 
de  Bourbon,  the  chiefs  of  the  Union  made 
a  procession,  the  most  singular  and  gro- 
tesque that  was  ever  seen,  which  set  out 
from   the   Convent   of   the   Grands-Au- 
gustins.      The   leaders   of    it  were    the 
Bishop  of  Senlis,  the  Curate  of  St.  Cosme, 
and  the  Prior  of  the  Chartreux,  who  held 
a  cross  in  one  hand  and  a  pike  in  the 
other ;  after  them  came  the  Minims,  the 
Capucins,  the  Feuillants,  the  Cordeliers, 
the  Dominicans,  and  the  Carmelites,  all 
armed     with     casques,     cuirasses,     and 
muskets,  which  from  time  to  time  they 
discharged.     A  servant  of  the  Cardined 
Cajetano,  the  legate,  was  killed  by  a  shot 
fired  by  one  of  these  monks.     He  who 
most  distinguished  himself  in  this  pro- 
cession was   Father    Bernard,  commonly 
called  '  Le  petit   feuillant  boiteux/  who 
kept  running  about  first  on  one  side  and 
then    on     another,    making   all  sorts   of 
gambols,   and  brandishing   a  sword  with 
both   hands.      It   was    observed    at   the 
time  that  no  Celestins,  nor  Benedictines, 
nor  Religious  from  St.  Genevieve  or  St. 
Victor,  appeared  in  this  procession." 

The  moment  chosen  by  the  painter 
is  that  of  the  death  of  the  Cardinal's 
servant ;  and  the  whole  scene  is  a 
most  extraordinary  exhibition  of  fa- 
natical zeal  blended  with  political  fury. 
On  the  upper  part  of  the  picture  is  the 
following  inscription : 

"  Amburbica  armati  sacricolarum  ag- 
minis  pompa  Lutetise 

cjo.D.xciii  iv  eid.  Feb.  exhibita  dno 
Rose  Collegii  Sorbonici   Navarreni  prae- 
fecto    et    Acad.      Rectore    duce   gladio 
bipenni  et  crucis  simulacro  prseeunte." 

Between  the  windows  of  this  room, 
and  placed  in  a  very  bad  light,  is  a 
valuable  picture  of  Charles  de  Gontaut, 
Duke  de  Biron,  and  Marshal  of  France. 
He  was  executed  on  a  charge  of  high 
treason  in  1602,  within  the  walls  of 
the  Bastile.  He  had  long  been  a 
personal  friend  and  favourite  of  Henry 
IV.  but  had  been  tampering  with  the 
Spaniards,  and  had  probably  felt  him- 
self slighted  by  his  royal  master.  He 
was  one  of  the  most  distinguished 
men  of  that  day  ;  and  his  countenance, 
which  is  handsome,  shews  remarkable 
acuteness  of  character.  His  eyes  are 
small,  grey,  and  brilliant,  and  the  fore- 
head high.  Thepicture  is  well  painted, 
but  we  do  not  know  by  whom,  though 
it  is  a  contemporaneous  one.    Among 


numerous  portraits  (most  of  them 
modern  copies  from  originals)  of  the 
distinguished  personages  in  the  court 
of  Henry  IV.  there  is  one  worth 
looking  at  as  a  fine  original  painting, 
the  portrait  of  Martin  Ruz^,  Seigneur 
de  Beanlieu,  Secretary  of  State  and 
Grand  Master  of  the  Mines.  It  is 
probably  by  a  Flemish  hand,  as  are, 
we  suspect,  most  of  the  originals  in 
this  room. 

La  Belle  Gabrielle  d'£str€es  is  not 
much  flattered  in  a  picture  taken  of 
her  while  a  child  (eleven  years  of 
age),  and  placed  here  in  its  due  rank 
among  the  notabilities  of  the  times  of 
Henry  IV. ;  but  it  is  an  original,  and 
worthy  of  all  preservation.  By  its 
side  is  a  more  pleasing  original  like- 
ness of  another  mistress  of  the  good 
monarch,Catheriae  Henriette  de  BaUac 
d'Entragues,  Marquise  de  Verneuil. 
It  is  stated  on  the  picture  in  letters  of 
the  same  date  that  this  lady  had  by 
the  king,  Henry  Bishop  of  Metz,  and 
afterwards  Duke  de  Verneuil,  and 
also  Gabrielle  Angelique  Duchess  de 
La  Valette,  who  afterwardswas  married 
to  the  Duke  d'Epernon. 

A  third  contemporary  picture,  of 
much  higher  artistical  interest,  and 
painted  apparently  by  the  same  hand  as 
the  larger  portrait  of  Marie  de  Medicis 
noticed  above,  (both  of  these  are  really 
fine  pictures),  is  the  portrait  of  Anne 
de  Rostaing,  Dame  d'Escoubleau  and 
Baroness  de  Sourdis.  We  should  be 
glad  to  find  a  clue  towards  arriving 
at  the  painter's  name. 

There  is  an  original  portrait  of  Ro- 
dolph  II.  Emperor  of  Germany,  by  an 
unknown  hand ;  and  a  portrait  (pro- 
bably copied  from  a  Velasquez — it  is 
of  that  date)  of  Philip  III.  of  Spain,  is 
also  placed  on  these  walls.  Close  to 
them  is  a  curious  likeness  of  Margaret 
of  Austria,  wife  of  Philip  III.  with  her 
hair  dressed  in  a  preposterously  short 
manner,  of  good  execution.  It  bears 
the  inscription 

MAGERITE    DAVTRICHB   RETNE 
DESPAIONE. 

The  visitor  who  perambulates  this 
room  will  be  amply  repaid  for  his 
trouble  on  coming  to  two  excellent 
pictures,  probably,  or  rather  certainly, 
by  Michel  de  Mirvelt, — portraits  of 
Albert  VII.  Archduke  of  Austria  and 
Sovereign     Governor     of    the     Low 


1843.] 


The  Porirait  Galleries  of  Versailles. 


579 


Countries,  and  of  hia  wife  Isabella 
Clara  £ugenia.  Infanta  of  Spain.  The 
Infanta,  who  was  daughter  of  Philip 
II.  brought  as  a  dowry  to  her  husband 
the  sovereignty  of  the  Low  Countries 
and  of  Franche  Comt^, — which  formed 
the  ancient  inheritance  of  Marie  de 
Bourgogne,  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Charles  le  T^m^raire.  The  remark  of 
Brant6me  concerning  this  princess  is, 
that  she  was  endowed  with  a  good 
understanding,  managed  all  the  affairs 
of  the  king  her  father,  and  was  much 
beloved  by  him.  Philip  IV.,  on  com- 
ing to  tbe  throne  of  Spain  in  1621, 
took  away  from  his  aunt,  who  soon 
after  became  a  widow,  the  sovereignty 
of  the  Low  Countries,  but  left  her  the 
title  of  Governess.  After  her  hus- 
band's death  she  took  the  veil,  though 
still  retaining  the  reins  of  government, 
and  she  died  at  Brussels  in  1633,  aged 
Q6,  Her  consort  Albert  had  at  first 
entered  the  church,  and  was  made 
Cardinal  Archbishop  of  Toledo.  In 
1583  he  was  made  Viceroy  of  Portugal, 
and  in  1598  Viceroy  of  the  Nether- 
lands. At  this  time  the  Pope  absolved 
him  from  his  ecclesiastical  obligations, 
and  he  married  his  cousin  the  year 
following.  He  had  to  sustain  a  long 
war  with  Holland,  and  in  1609  signed 
the  twelve  years*  truce  with  the  United 
Provinces  that  ensured  their  independ- 
ence. Both  the  Duke  and  the  Duchess 
were  of  handsome  personal  appearance, 
and  possessed  countenances  of  great 
intelligence :  the  former  is  habited  in 
a  white  slashed  suit,  and  has  his  hand 
on  the  pommel  of  his  sword  ;  his  head 
is  uncovered,  and  his  hair  worn  close. 
These  fine  works  of  art,  which  may  be 
examined  with  satisfaction,  bear  the 
following  inscriptions  :  the  duke's  pic- 
ture has  on  the  upper  part 

ALBERTVS.    ARCH.    AVST.    MAXIMILIA- 
NVS   IMPERATOR   FILIVS. 

and  on  the  lower, 

BELGY    PROVINCIARVM   DOMINVS. 

The  Duchess's  picture  is  inscribed 
above, 

ISABELLA   CLARA   BV6ENIA   PLI 
LIPPIZ   HISPANIAR.    FILIA  ; 

and  below, 

BEL6Y    PROTINCIARVM   DOMINA. 

There  are  two  other  portraits  of  the 
Archduke  in  the  same  room,  one  by  F. 


Porbus,  and  the  other  by  Gaspard  de 
Crayer  :  the  same  artists  have  also 
painted  pendants  of  the  Duchess,  and 
the  four  form  an  agreeable  suite  of 
small  pictures.  There  is  a  small  por- 
trait of  Philip  William  of  Nassau, 
Prince  of  Orange,  eldest  son  of  Wil- 
liam the  Young  of  Nassau-Dillenburg, 
who  married  a  daughter  of  Henry 
de  Bourbon  Prince  de  Cond^,  and  re- 
mained attached  to  the  Catholic  faith 
and  the  Spanish  cause,  while  his  more 
illustrious  brothers  took  the  opposite 
side.  It  is  by  F.  Porbus,  but  not  a 
good  specimen  of  the  master.  The 
brothers  Maurice  and  Frederic  Henry 
of  Nassau  are  represented  on  horse- 
back in  another  small  picture,  and  the 
former  of  the  two,  the  great  Maurice, 
has  been  portrayed  in  a  most  masterly 
manner  by  Michel  Mirvelt,  on  a  can- 
vass of  the  size  of  life.  This  is  a  beau- 
tiful picture  that  deserves  careful  study, 
as,  indeed,  do  all  the  productions  of 
that  able  painter. 

We  observe,  a  little  further  on,  a 
good  cabinet  picture  of  Cosmo  de 
Medicis  11.  Grand  Duke  of  Tuscany. 
The  name  of  the  painter  is  not  known, 
but  it  is  of  good  execution,  and  is  re- 
markable for  the  great  likeness  of  the 
features  to  those  of  Louis  Philippe. 

Having  exhausted  the  royal  per- 
sonages of  this  room,  we  must  turn 
to  another  splendid  picture  by  Michel 
Mirvelt,  the  portrait  of  Jean  Mont- 
fort,  Counsellor  to  the  Archduke 
Albert,  noticed  above,  and  aposentador 
to  his  Consort  the  Archduchess.  It  is 
a  first-rate  specimen  of  this  master's 
excellences.  On  the  same  wall  is  the 
large  picture  by  Otto  Vsenius,  or  Van 
Ween,  of  his  family  and  himself, 
known  by  the  engraving.  His  father 
and  mother,  with  all  his  brothers  and 
sisters,  are  introduced  into  the  paint- 
ing in  a  well- arranged,  though  rather 
crowded,  group  ;  a  list  of  their  names 
is  in  one  part  of  the  canvass,  and  an 
inscription  thus  commemorates  an  odd 
fancy  of  the  painter  : 

D.  Memorise  sacrse  hanc  tabulam 
Sibi  suisque  pinzit  ac  dedicavit 
Otho  Venius  anno  cio.lo.xxciv. 

Hac  lege  at  si  ipsum  nullis  virilis  seras 
liberis  superstitibus  mori  contingat  in  fa- 
milia  nata  maximi  fratris  sit  quadia  ibi 
mascula  proles  fuerit  qua  deficiente  cedat 
semper  fratri   setate   illi  proximo  ejusq' 


580 


The  Portrait  Galleries  of  Versailles. 


[Dec. 


familue   qua-idia  et   illi    mascula  proles 
superfuerit. 

We  have  three  more  pictures  to 
notice  in  this  room,  and  they  are 
among  the  best.  One  is  a  most 
vigorous  portrait  of  John  Olden  Bar- 
neveldt,  the  Grand  Pensionary  of  Hol- 
land,  by  Coept.  Another  is  an  equally 
good  picture  of  his  son  William  Bar- 
neveldt.  Seigneur  of  Stautemburg,  by 
Otto  Venius ;  both  of  them  splendid 
canvasses,  of  great  force  of  colour  and 
masterly  drawing.  The  third  is  a 
small  and  finely  painted  portrait  of  St. 
Francois  de  Sales,  Bishop  of  Geneva, 
who  died  in  1622,  and  was  canonised 
so  late  as  1665.  The  painter's  name 
is  not  mentioned,  but  it  is  a  valuable 
picture. 

The  room  we  have  just  described, 
dedicated  to  the  reigns  of  Henry  III. 
and  his  successor,  is  one  in  which  the 
connoisseur  cannot  fail  to  enjoy  a  great 
treat.  U.  L.  J. 


Mr.  Urban, 

YOUR  Correspondent  H.  L.  J.,  in 
the  first  portion  of  his  remarks  on  the 
Versailles  Galleries  of  Portraits  (March, 
p.  270),  has  directed  attention  to  two 
small  pictures,  which  are  described  in 
the  catalogue  as  portraits  of  Isabella 
ofFrance,  Queen  of  Edward  the  Second, 
King  of  England,  and  of  her  mother 
Jeanne  de  Navarre,  the  Queen  of  Philip 
the  Fair.  Had  these  pictures  been 
really  contemporary  with  those  person- 
ages, and  thus  genuine  works  of  the 
middle  of  the  fourteenth  century,  or 
if  they  had  apparently  been  derived 
from  any  authentic  source,  I  should 
have  rejoiced  in  the  addition  which 
would  have  been  made  to  the  royal 
series  of  English  portraits.  But  a  very 
brief  examination  of  the  pictures  is 
sufficient  to  assign  them,  both  as  works 
and  as  likenesses,  to  a  later  period, 
and  that  by  not  much  less  than  two 
entire  centuries.  It  appears  indeed 
extraordinary,  that  in  France,  where 
the  history  of  costume  is  well  under- 
stood, these  pictures  should  have  been 
so  greatly  antedated,  and  should  con- 
tinue to  be  designated  by  their  present 
names  in  a  public  catalogue. 

Their  description  is  probably  so  far 
correct  that  they  represent  a  mother 
•nd  daughter.     The  attire  of  both 


ladies  is  in  the  same  fashion.  Both  are 
in  black  and  white,  and  their  dress  is 
chiefly  characterized  by  wide  black 
folds  passing  down  each  breast,  leaving 
the  neck  open,  which  is  covered  with 
a  shirt  buttoned  close  up  to  the  throat, 
not  very  different  to  the  male  attire 
of  the  reign  of  Francis  the  First,  for 
at  all  periods  a  conformity  may  be 
traced  in  the  costume  of  the  sexes. 
The  mother  has  a  black  hood  over  a 
white  cap ;  the  daughter  a  white  cap 
only.  If  the  pictures  had  been  added 
to  the  innumerable  host  ascribed  to  the 
pencil  of  Holbein,  it  would  not  have 
been  wonderful. 

There  is  another  picture  which 
struck  me  as  being  misnamed.  It  is 
"  No.  1680,  Laurent  de  Medicis,  II*. 
du  nomDuc  d'Urbin  +  1516."  If 
I  am  not  mistaken,  this  will  prove  on 
examination  to  be  a  copy  of  the 
portrait  of  the  English  Lord  Admiral, 
Lord  Seymour  of  Sudeley,  brother  to 
the  Protector  Somerset. 

I  must  acknowledge  the  great  gratifi- 
cation  I  experienced  in  viewing  the 
Versailles  portrait  galleries,  though 
I  was  disappointed  of  my  expectations 
in  regard  to  the  number  of  ancient  and 
original  portraits.  I  had  imagined 
there  were  more  than  we  could  hope 
to  rival  in  England ;  but  now  I  do  not 
think  that  such  a  competition,  were 
we  to  undertake  it,  would  be  by  any 
means  impossible.  The  pictures  which 
were  recently  at  Strawberry  Hill  would 
have  formed  an  excellent  nucleus  for 
the  first  room  of  an  English  his- 
torical gallery.  There  are  some  now 
at  Hampton  Court  which  are  suited 
for  such  a  place.  To  these  should  be 
added  careful  copies,  of  the  same  size 
as  the  originals,  of  such  others  as  are 
accessible :  among  the  very  foremost 
of  which  would  be  the  interesting 
picture  of  Sir  John  Donne,  and  his 
wife  Elizabeth  Hastings,  from  the 
Duke  of  Devonshire's  villa  at  Chiswick, 
to  which  I  introduced  your  readers  in 
your  Magazine  for  Nov.  1840.  Ima- 
ginary portraits,  such  as  King  Alfred, 
derived  from  King  Henry  the  Third  ; 
Roger  Bacon,  &c.  &c.  should  be  ex- 
cluded. Too  many  of  this  "tra- 
ditional," or  more  properly  fictitious, 
class  disfigure  the  Versailles  gallery. 
Yours,  &c.  J.  G.  N, 


1843.] 


Lj/e  and  Works  of  Alphonso  de  Castro, 


581 


Mr.  Urban, 

(Continued  from  p.  4770 

There  is  a  long  biographical  notice 
of  Alphonso  de  Castro  in  the  Bib- 
liotheca  Hispana  Nova  of  Nicolas 
Antonio,  (2  vols,  folio,  Rome,  1672, 
and  Madrid,  1783.)  A  memoir  is  also 
appended  to  his  collected  works,  which 
were  published  at  Paris  by  Feuardent 
(also  a  brother  of  the  Franciscan  order,) 
in  1578  ;  and  the  Biographie  Univer- 
selle  gives  this  brief  account  of  his 
personal  history. 

**  Castro  (Alpbonse  de),  grand  pr^dica- 
teur,  et  I'un  des  plus  c^l^bres  th^ologiens 
Espagnols  du  IG*  si^cle,  n^  a  Zamora, 
entra  dans  I'ordre  de  St.  Frangois  h 
Salamanque.  Ilaccompagna  Philippe  II. 
en  Angleterre,  lorsqne  ce  prince  y  alia 
pour  ^pouser  la  reine  Marie.  Phihppe 
voulait  en  m^me  temps  le  cousulter  sur  la 
direction  des  afifaires  ecclesiaBtisques  de  ce 
royaume.  Alphonse  de  Castro  retourna 
ensuite  dans  les  Pays  Bas,  ou  depuis 
plusieurs  ann^es  ilavait  fix£  son  s^jour. 
Philippe  le  nomma  ti  Tarchev^que  de  Com- 
postella ;  mais  il  mourut  k  Bruxelles  avant 
d' avoir  re9u  ses bulles,  le  11  Fevrier,  1558, 
ag^  de  soixante-trois  ans.*' 

Previous  to  his  nomination  to  the 
archbishopric  of  Compostella  he  was 
recommended,  along  with  two  other 
persons,  on  the  death  of  Cardinal 
Siliceo,  Archbishop  of  Toledo,  in  1557* 
by  Carranza,  who  at  first  declined 
accepting  the  vacant  see  himself,  but 
subsequently  complied  with  the  king's 
wishes,  (Llorente,  c.  xxxii.  p.  413,) 
unhappily  for  himself  as  it  proved, 
since  it  excited  the  hatred  of  several 
envious  aspirants,  which  issued  in  a 
persecution  that  caused  his  ruin. 

The  writings  of  De  Castro  are  nu- 
merous, and  a  list  of  them  may  be  seen 
in  Nicolas  Antonio.  Of  these  the  prin- 
cipal is  his  treatise  "  Adversus  omnes 
htereses,"  Paris,  1534,  folio,  in  which 
they  are  discussed  in  alphabetical 
order.  Nicolas  Antonio,  speaking  of 
his  residence  at  Bruges,  says,  "  Hie 
dum  manet,  adversus  haereses  con- 
scripsisse,  seu  absoivisse  id  opus  di- 
citur,  quod  et  immortale  ei  nomen 
peperit,  et  viginti  duorum  spatio  an- 
norum  (teste  in  ultima  recognitlone 
auctore  ipso,)  plusquam  decies  typo- 
graphorum  Italise,  Gallise,  atque  Ger- 
man iae  officinas,  exindeque  ssepius  ad 
hunc  diem  exercuit."    From  this  eulo* 


gium  the  opinion  of  the  Benedictine 
Chaudon  rather  detracts.  "  L'auteur 
ecrit  passablement.  II  avoit  lu,  mais 
sans  beaucoup  de  choix.  La  refutation 
des  nouvelles  hdresees  occupe  plus  de 
place  chez  lui  que  I'histoire  des  an- 
ciennes,  et  la  controverse  que  This- 
toire."  (Diet.  Hist.  vol.  ii.  ed.  1772.) 
And  Nicolas  Antonio  says,  "  Repre- 
hendit  tamen  in  eo  aliqua  Bellarminus 
Cardinalls,  prsecipue  tomo  primo  con- 
troversiarum  lib.  3.  De  Conciliis  et 
Ecclesia,  cap.  4,  et  tomo  2,  lib.  2 ;  de 
Imaginibus  Sanctorum,  cap.  6;  atque 
aliis  locis,  cui  facere  conatur  pro 
Alphonso  nostro  satis  Lucas  Wadingus 
inBibliothecaFranciscorum."  The  last 
revision  of  the  work  at  Antwerp,  1556, 
is  dedicated  to  Philip  IL  Brunet  terms 
the  edition  of  1534  (the  first)  edition 
non  mutiUe,  a  hint  from  which  a  careful 
collator  might  probably  elicit  some 
curious  variations.  The  edition  of 
1543,  printed  at  Cologne,  is  probably 
the  last  which  contains  the  charge  of 
ignorance  of  grammar  against  some  of 
the  popes,  as  it  is  omitted  in  that  of 
1546.  Another  of  De  Castro's  works 
(for  the  principal  one  will  be  con- 
sidered hereafter,  though  earlier  in 
point  of  date,)  is  thus  described  by 
Nicolas  Antonio. 

**  De  Poteatate  Legis pttnalis  libri  duo*. 
Salmanticse,  1550.  in  fol,  ad  Micbaelem 
Mun'osium  Prsesulem  Conchensis  urbis,  et 
Pincianse  cancellarise  Preefectum,  et  iterum 
Lugd.  1656,  8.  Scopus  est  prioris  libri, 
at  probet  eos  falsos  esse  qui  dicont  nul- 
1am  legem  poenalem  obligare  subditomm 
consoientias  ad  culpam,  preesertim  letha- 
lem  :  posterioris,  eos  similiter  a  yero  errare 
qui  dicunt  legem  poenalem  nunquam  sine 
declaratione  aut  facto  judicis  obUgare  ad 
pcenam.  Parisiis  etiam  prodierunt  in  fol. 
anno  1571  et  1578." 

Nicolas  Antonio  also  mentions  that 
he  was  the  author  of  homilies  on  the 
50th  and  31st  psalms,  (according  to 
the  Latin  computation,)  and  adds, 
"  Praeterea  scripsisse  cum />ro  validitate 
matrimonii  Henrici  VIII,  Anglite  Regis 
et  CathariniBConjugis,  constat  ex  Nicolao 
Sandero,  lib.  I.  Schismat.  Anglic,"  A 
work  in  defence  of  her  father's  first 
marriage  must  naturally  have  made 
him  welcome  to  Queen  Mary. 

Another  and  his  most  important 
work  in  connection  with  this  subject, 
for  it  has  deeply  marked  his  memorjTi 


582 


Life  and  Works  of  Alphonso  de  Castro. 


[Dec. 


is  that  on  the  punishmeDt  of  heretics. 
Nicolas  Antonio  thus  describes  it:  "De 
justd  fuBreticorum  punitione,  libri  tres^ 
Salmaoticse,  1547,  in  fol.  ex  officina 
Joannis  Giuntse.  Lugduni,  1556,  in  8, 
apud  hseredes  Jacobi  Junctse.  Ant- 
werpii  apud  Steelsii  hsredes  1568  in  8^ 
ut  confirmaret  justas  esse  omnes  illas 
poenas,  quibus  in  jure  civili  atque 
canonico  hseretici  addicuntur."  His 
having  published  these  sentiments  has 
cast  an  air  of  mystery  over  the  sermon 
which  he  preached  in  1555  against  the 
Marian  persecution,  which  some  con- 
sider as  hypocritical,  or  at  best  as 
politic^  and  taken  in  compliance  with 
the  views  of  Philip ;  while  those  who 
believe  him  sincere  must  acknowledge 
that,  in  that  case,  a  great  change  had 
occurred  in  his  principles.  Two  writers, 
the  one  a  native  of  Spain,  the  other  well 
acquainted  with  Spanish  literature, 
Blanco  White  and  Southey,  have 
touched  on  the  subject,  without  pre- 
cisely concurring  in  their  views.  The 
former,  after  describing  his  work  on 
the  punishment  of  heretics,  says, 

**  Such  was  the  man  that  proclaimed 
forbearance  from  the  pulpit  in  the  pre- 
sence of  those  two  notorious  tyrants, 
Philip  and  Mary.  He,  indeed,  exhibits 
one  of  the  numerous  instances  of  that 
mixed  spirit  of  fierce  intolerance  and 
accommodating  casuistry  to  which  men 
grow  prone  under  the  tuition  of  popes  and 
cardinals.  It  was  certainly  not  the  spirit 
of  Christian  meekness  that  produced  that 
extraordinary  contradiction  which  appears 
between  Castro's  works  in  Spain  and  his 
sermon  in  London ;  but  the  same  ambitious 
views  of  Philip  which  made  him  endeavour 
to  acquire  popularity  by  protectingthe  Lady 
Elizabeth  from  the  spite  of  the  queen,  and 
by  procuring  the  release  of  Lord  Henry 
Dudley,  Sir  George  Harper,  Sir  Nicholas 
Throgmorton,  and  many  others,  who,  as 
Hume  observes,  had  been  confined  from 
the  suspicions  or  resentments  of  the 
court."  (Practical  Evidence,  note  C,  p. 
229,  1st  ed. ;  note  G,  2nd  edition.) 

Southey,  in  his  Book  of  the  Church, 
expresses  himself  thus : 

**  This  Spaniard,  who  was  afterwards 
raised  to  the  see  of  Santiago  de  Compos- 
tella,  had  distinguished  himself  by  his 
writings  against  the  heretics.  It  is  greatly 
to  his  honour  that  having  justified  in  his 
books  the  punishment  of  heretics  by  death, 
what  he  saw  in  England  brought  him  to  a 
better  mind,  insomuch  that  he  ventured 


to  touch  upon  the  subject  when  preaching 
before  Philip,  and  censured  the  English 
prelates  for  their  severity,  saying  they 
learned  it  not  in  Scripture  to  burn  any 
for  their  conscience,  but  rather  that  they 
should  live  and  be  converted;  unless, 
indeed,  as  there  is  too  much  reason  to 
suspect,  this  was  done  with  a  political 
view,  and  in  obedience  to  his  instructions ; 
otherwise  such  opinions  would  have  more 
probably  conducted  him  to  the  Inquisition 
than  to  Santiago."  (Vol.  II.  p.  177,  1st 
edit.  1824.) 

It  would  be  easier  to  form  an  opinion 
about  the  sermon  if  we  had  it  entire, 
whereas  it  only  exists  in  a  very  brief 
abstract.  A  perfect  copy  would  enable 
us  to  judge  whether  the  preacher  was 
consistent  throughout,  or  drew  any 
subtle  distinctions ;  whether  he  argued 
in  favour  of  real  clemency  or  only  of 
delay,  and  liow  he  would  have  dealt 
with  cases  of  invincible  perseverance  ; 
and  perhaps  we  might  then  have 
learned  how  he  got  over  the  positive 
language  of  his  former  work. 

To  pronounce  upon  motives  is  gene- 
ral iy  hazardous,  and  may  involve  the 
grossest  injustice.  But  the  conduct  of 
De  Castro  on  this  occasion  may  be 
accounted  for  by  existing  circum- 
stances. In  1552  he  attended  an  as- 
sembly of  Spanish  divines  and  civil 
functionaries,  which  was  called  by 
Charles  V.  to  decide  on  the  conduct  of 
the  Pope  in  removing  the  Council  of 
Trent  to  Bologna,  and  in  censuring 
those  divines  who  objected  to doingso.* 
"  Cazalla  (says  Llorente,  c.  xx.  p.  200) 
declared  that  all  the  members  of  the 
junta  acknowledged  that  the  Pope  only 
acted  from  motives  of  personal  in- 
terest." In  this  case  he  sided  with 
the  Spanish  crown  against  the  papacy, 
and  they  were  at  issue  for  some  time 
after.  During  the  same  year  the 
treaty  of  Passau  was  concluded,  which 
imposed  tolerant  conditions  on  Charles, 
through  the  ascendancy  of  Maurice  of 
Saxony,  and  his  inability  to  refuse 
them  ;  and  these  were  confirmed  by 
the  peace  of  religion,  as  it  is  termed, 
in  1555,  which  excited  the  anger  of 

*  There  is  an  obscurity  in  Llorente*s 
narrative,  as  the  removal  occurred  in  1547. 
Has  he  confounded  it  with  the  suspension 
of  1552,  against  which  the  Spanish  pre- 
lates protested  ? 


1843.] 


Life  and  Works  of  Alphonso  de  Castro. 


583 


Paul  IV.  who  tried  to  annul  it,  and 
ordered  him  not  to  observe  his  oaths,* 
On  the  2nd  of  November,  1555,  Mel- 
chior  Cano,  a  Spanish  theologian,  gave 
his  opinion  (which  was  published  by 
Liorente  in  1809)  that  it  was  necessary 
**  not  only  to  deprive  the  temporal 
sovereign  of  Rome  of  the  power  of 
injuring,  but  to  reduce  him  to  the  ne- 
cessity of  accepting  reasonable  terms, 
and  of  acting  with  more  prudence  in 
future."  (c.  xix.  p.  181.)  Thus  the 
Spanish  crown  had  been  forced,  by  the 
success  of  Maurice  of  Saxony,  and  the 
resentment  of  the  Pope,  into  a  new 
line  of  conduct,  anti-  papal  and  partially 
tolerant.  It  was  during  this  period 
that  De  Castro  preached  against  the 
Marian  persecution,  and  we  may, 
without  injustice,  suppose  the  con- 
fessor of  Philip  to  have  been  influenced 
by  the  policy  of  his  court.  Not  that 
a  positive  charge  of  hypocrisy  is  in- 
volved in  the  supposition,  for  the  most 
inconsistent  persons  may  be  sincere  at 
the  time,  and  external  motives  may  so 
influence  us  as  to  be  mistaken  for  the 
spontaneous  voice  of  our  consciences. 

During  the  next  year  (1556)  all  his 
principal  works  were  reprinted,  the 
Adversus  Haereses  at  Antwerp,  and  the 
others  at  Lyons.  In  the  republica- 
tion of  the  former  he  w^s  avowedly 
concerned,  for  he  revised  that  edition, 
which  is  dedicated  by  him  to  King 
Philip.  The  dedication  contains  this 
remarkable  passage  :  "  Haereditario 
quodam  jure  a  parentibustuis  Hispanise 
regibus,  longd  successione  derivato, 
perpetuum  et  irreconciabile  cum  hosti- 
bus  fidei  Catholicse  geris."  This  lan- 
guage, which  is  dated  the  twentieth  of 
May,  is  only  too  like  the  words  of  Phi- 
lip, written  in  July  of  the  same  year : 
"  After  having  destroyed  the  sects  in 
England,  brought  this  country  underthe 


*  Paul  Sarpi  says,  "  Et  quando  orator 
ei  respondens  commemoret  vires  Protes- 
tantium  in  Germania,  nuperum  contra 
Csesarem  bellum,  in  quo  parum  abfuit, 
quin  Cesar  iEnoponte  caperetur,  et  jus- 
jurandam  in  paciiicatione  preestitum  :  ille 
nihilo  factus  pacatior,  de  jurejurando  re- 
plicavit,  se  omni  sacramento  liberare  eos 
et  absolvere  ;  imo  imperare,  ut  illud  non 
attendant."  (Hist.  Cone.  Trid.  p.  320, 
ed.  Lond.  1620.)  The  word  ille  refers  to 
Paul  IV.  eos  to  Charles  and  his  brother 
Ferdinand. 


influence  of  the  Church,  pursued  and 
punished  the  heretics  without  ceasing," 
As  he  died  in  1658,  only  three  years 
from  the  date  of  the  sermon,  and 
before  "  the  evil  disposition  of  Philip 
II."*  as  a  persecutor  had  fully  de- 
veloped itself,  we  cannot  expect  many 
conspicuous  indications  of  his  mind  ; 
but  these  words  can  hardly  be  mis- 
taken. They  shew  that  he  knew  the 
person  whom  he  was  serving,  and,  if 
he  had  lived  to  return  to  Spain,  they 
might  have  served  as  his  apology  with 
the  Inquisition  for  a  tolerant  sermon, 
and  have  secured  his  dismissal  with 
only  an  abjuration  of  heresy  in  ge- 
neral. 

In  the  title-page  to  the  edition  of 
his  Adversus  Haereses,  Paris,  I57l»  to 
which  his  other  works  are  appended, 
these  words  occur,  after  a  list  of  them : 
"  Omnia  ab  auctore  . .  .  recognita  .  .  . 
ut  merito  novum  opus  censeri  vide- 
antur."  If  this  assertion  is  not  abso- 
lutely false,  the  inference  from  it  is 
unfavourable,  for  it  intimates  that 
he  had  revised  and  thus  acknowledged 
them  all,  not  excepting  the  treatise 
on  just  punishment  of  heretics.  Nor 
am  I  aware  of  its  ever  having  been 
argued  by  Romanists  that  he  sup- 
pressed his  intolerant  writings  or  re- 
tracted them  in  form.  His  biographers, 
(so  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  ascertain) 
from  Nicolas  Antonio  to  De  Feller  and 
the  Modern  Dictionnaire  Historique,f 
omit  all  mention  of  his  sermon ;  but 
his  intolerant  writings  were  quoted 
with  applause,  while  its  memory  should 
still  have  been  fresh.  Villalpande,  in 
his  Defence  of  the  Council  of  Trent, 
thus  concludes  the  subject  of  burning 
heretics  : — 

''  Sed  quando  hanc  nostram  sententiam 
de  mulctandis  corpora  hsereticis  docte 
admodum,  copiose,  ac  pradenter  ezcos- 
sam  graviter  definivit  Alpbonsus  Castro 
(sic)  Ubro  de  justa  heereticorum  punitione 
edito,  plura  de  eadem  re  dicere  recusabo." 
(Lablse  et  Cossart,  Concilia,  vol.  ziv.  col. 
1887.0 

At  the  time  of  the   sermon's  being 


*  The  expression  is  Llorente's,  c. 
XXXV.  p.  471. 

t  The  life  by  Feuardent  I  have  not  had 
access  to. 

X  The  Apologia  of  De  Villalpandeo  was 
printed  at  Ingoldstadt  in  1563,  4to. 


584 


Bradford, — The  Marian  Persecution, 


[Dec. 


preached,  Bradfurd  the  martyr,  who 
was  then  in  prison,  scarcely  believed 
the  fact,  for,  when  a  servant  (as  has 
been  already  mentioned)  informed  him 
of  it,  he  expressed  his  astonishment, 
and  treated  it  as  no  better  than  a  re- 
port. 

*'  Verily  (quoth  Bradford)  I  had  a  booke 
within  these  two  days  of  his  writing,  and 
therein  he  saith,  that  it  is  not  meet  nor 
convenient  that  the  hereticks  should  live  ; 
and  therefore  I  have  marvell  how  that 
talk  should  rise,  for  I  have  heard  of  it 
also,  and  I  have  also  talked  with  this 
Friar  (he  is  named  Friar  Fonse*)  and  with 
divers  others,  and  I  praise  God  they  have 
confirmed  me,  for  they  have  nothing  to 
say  but  that  which  is  mostvaine."  (Foxe, 
p.  1473.) 

In  the  conversation  here  alluded  to, 
De  Castro  shewed  rather  the  irritable 
disputant  than  the  tolerant  preacher. 
After  an  argument  of  retort,  employed 
by  the  prisoner,  Foxe  says,  *'  Here 
was  the  Frier  in  a  wonderfull  rage, 
and  spake  so  high  (as  often  he  had 
done  before)  that  the  whole  house  rang 
againe,  chafing  with  Om  and  Cho. 
Hee  hath  a  great  name  of  learning,  but 
surely  he  hath  little  patience.  For  if 
Bradford  had  bin  anie  thing  bote,  one 
house  could  not  have  held  them." 
The  interview  ended  unbecomingly,  by 
his  going  away,  "  without  bidding 
Bradford  farewell."  (p.  1470-1.) 

In  what  follows,  it  does  not  appear 
that  De  Castro  was  concerned,  but  the 
particulars  are  not  irrelevant  here,  as 
shewing  the  character  of  the  Marian 
persecution,  so  far  as  Spanish  influence 
was  concerned  in  it.  Romanist  writers 
have  vehemently  denied  that  there  was 
any  intention  of  establishing  the  In- 
quisition in  England  ;  it  rests,  however, 
not  upon  inference,  but  on  the  most 
positive  assertion.  On  the  6th  of  Fe- 
bruary, 1557,  the  bodies  of  Buccr  and 
Fagius  were  disinterred  at  Cambridge, 
as  belonging  to  heretics,  and  burned  ; 
an  action  which  has  been  treated  by 
most  writers  as  the  useless  exhibition 
of  a  brutal  intolerance,  but  which  had 
a  still  deeper  meaning.  Carranza,  in 
his  dying  declaration,  to  repel  the 
charge  of  heresy,  takes  an  ignoble 
refuge  in  the  character  of  a  persecutor, 
appealing  to  his  conduct  in  England  : 


"  With  the  king's  permission  I  caused 
the  bodies  of  the  greatest  heretics  of 
those  times  to  be  disinterred,  and  they 
were  burnt,  to  secure  the  power  of  the 
Inquisition'/*  andLlorente,  who  records 
this  declaration,  specifies  the  case  of 
Bucer  elsewhere.*  (p.  469  and  416.) 
Under  the  Old  Inquisition,  "the  four- 
teenth  class   were    deceased    persons 
who  had  been  denounced  as  heretics. 
The  Popes,  in  order  to  render  heresy 
more  odious,   had    decreed  that  the 
bodies  of  dead  heretics  should  be  dis- 
interred  and   burned,  their    property 
confiscated,   and   their  memory  pro- 
nounced   infamous."    (Ibid.   p.    23.) 
There  was,  then,  a  design  of  introduc- 
ing the  Inquisition  into  England,  by 
maintaining  its  laws,  and  the  case  of 
Bucer  and  Fagius  served  as  the  point 
of  tlie  wedge.     Nor  has  Romish  mira- 
cle been  wanting  to  sanction  such  pro- 
ceedings. The  Jesuit  Inquisitor,  Alonso 
de  Andrade,  gravely  relates   that  the 
devil  attempted  to  rescue  the  bones  of 
a  Portuguese  heretic  from  burning,  but 
was  compelled  by  the  Virgin  Mary  to 
let  them  fall  back  into  the  flames  ;  and 
cites  the  case  '*  as  a  proof  of  the  favour 
with  which  the  Virgin  regards  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  holy  ofl5ce."t    Would 
that  the  inference  to  be  drawn  from 
such  transactions  ended  with  those 
times ;  but  the  following  extract  from 
the  last  report  of  the  (London)  Irish 
Society  brings  it  down  to  our  own. 
In  the  Kingscourt  district,  "  the  body 
of  one  poor  convert,  who  died  of  fever, 
was  raised  from  the  grave  and  publicly 
exposed  on  the  highway."  (Report  for 
1843,  p.  23.)     If  the  practices  of  the 
Inquisition  are  thus   to  be  traced  in 
Ireland,  power  only  is  wanting  to  en- 
force its  laws  to  the  uttermost.     Such 
indications  may  appear  trivial,  but  the 
precept  of  Ben- Sirach  the  Jew  would 
warn  us    not  to   neglect   them  : — ^*0 
€^v3€vS>v  ra  okiya  Kara  fiiKpov  neaeiTm, 
— "  He  that  contemneth  small  things 
shall  fall  by  little  and  little."    (2o</>ia 
2€ipax,  Ecclesiasticus,  xix.  1.) 

Yours,  &c.     Cydweli. 


*  Note,  "  Alphonsus,  otherwise  called 
Fonse." 

3 


*  Carranza  was  not  present  in  person, 
but  he  may  have  planned  the  proceedings, 
without  being  able  to  attend. 

t  Southey*s  Vindicise,  p.  465.  The 
words  of  Juvenal  occur  on  such  an  occa- 
sion  only  too  readily,— et  quicquid  GrRcia 
mendax  audet  in  hiviorid. 


1843.] 


Errors  in  the  Quarterly  Review. 


585 


Mr.  Urban,  CorJc, 

YOUR  Magazine  for  February  last, 
page  142,  and  for  June,  page  507, 
contains  a  few  casual  allusions  to  the 
English  articles  of  that  voluminous, 
and,  doubtless,  in  many  respects,  va- 
luable compilation  of  our  neighbours, 
"  La  Biographic  Universelle."*     The 

♦  We  are  told  that  Sismondi,  the  lately 
deceased  historian,  was  paid  six  francs,  or 
five  shillings,  for  each  article  contributed 
by  him  to  the  Biographic  Universelle. 
Thus,  the  illustrious  house  of  fiste,  the 
parent  stock  of  our  royal  family,  and  as- 
sociated with  the  poetic  renown  of  Italy  as 
its  constant  patrons,  furnished  him  with 
sixteen  articles,  producing  ninety -six 
francs ;  and,  as  they  embraced  nineteen 
pages,  the  remuneration  was  equivalent  to 
about  four  shillings  the  octavo  page  of 
two  columns,  each  containing  forty-seven 
lines,  at,  we  may  say,  a  half-penny  a  line. 
The  average  number  of  letters  comprised 
in  each  page  exceeds  5,600,  making  the 
writer*s  retribution  one  penny  for  nearly 
120  letters  !  Our  enterprising  publishers, 
the  Messrs.  Longman,  are,  I  doubt  not, 
rather  more  liberal  to  the  co-operators  in 
their  similar  undertaking  ;  but  Sismondi 
stood  not  then  on  the  eminence  subse- 
quently attained  by  him.  At  present,  how- 
ever, I  know  that  Uterary  labour  is  more 
productive  in  France  ;  for  Madame  Dude- 
vant  (Georges  Sand)  receives  not  less 
than  500  fnmcs, — sometimes  doable  that 
sum,  or  40/. — for  her  articles  in  the  Parisian 
Reviews.  Still,  this  equals  not  our  British 
munificence.  Mr.  Murray,  we  are  assured, 
has  paid  300  guineas  for  an  article  in  the 
Quarterly ;  and,  in  one  of  his  last  auto- 
biographical communications,  the  late 
Mr.  Appersley  (Nimrod)  states  that  he 
got  from  Mr.  Murray  25  guineas  per 
sheet,  with  100/.  for  the  final  revision, 
and  from  Mr.  Fraser  one  guinea  per 
page;  more  than  four  times  Sismondi's 
pitiful  stipend. 

This  fact  of  stinted  retribution  is  de- 
rived from  the  recent  Quarterly  Review, 
No.  cxciv.  where,  at  page  314,  M.  Guizot 
is  called  **  the  present  illustrious  Prime 
Minister  of  France,'*  which  he  certainly 
is  not ;  for  that  rank,  titularly  at  least, 
belongs  to  Marshal  Soult — who  is,  ^*  Le 
President  du  Conseil  des  Ministres,'*  cor- 
responding to  our  First  Lord  of  the  Trea- 
sury, though  more  explicitly  indicative  of 
the  premiership,  which  is  not  a  necessary 
appendage  of  the  treasury.  The  directing 
mind,  however,  is  M.  Guizot's,  so  far  as, 
under  Louis  Philippe,  any  minister  can  be 
supposed  to  govern.  Nor  was  this  per- 
sonage Minister  of  Pablic  Instruction  in 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


animadversions  then  submitted  to 
you  sufficiently  prove  the  necessity 
of  a  revisal,  which  I  am  glad  to  learn 
is  in  actual  progress ;  for,  like  Bayle's 

1R19,  as  stated  in  the  same  paragraph; 
for  it  was  not  till  after  the  Revolution  of 
1830  that  he  obtained  that  station.  It 
will  likewise,  I  believe,  be  found,  that  no 
professorship  in  Paris,  and  surely  not  at 
Liege,  as  asserted  by  the  reviewer,  then  or 
now.  had  attached  to  it  an  appointed  sa- 
lary of  18,000  francs  per  annum,  or 
nearly  so.  Such  misconceptions  of  exist- 
ing persons  and  facts  should  make  us  in- 
dulgent to  the  erring  views  of  onr  neigh- 
bours on  British  acts  or  characters. 

At  page  373,  in  the  article  **  on 
Coins,"  I  subsequently  read :  **  There  are 
several  coins  and  medals  highly  interest- 
ing, and,  therefore,  worthy  of  mention  in 
this  sketch,  seeing  that  they  allude  to 
Christianity  in  a  very  early  age.  Such  is 
a  certain  Hebrew  medal  bearing  a  simili- 
tude of  our  Lord,  found  near  Cork  in 
1813,**  &c.  Now,  for  the  genuine  appre- 
ciation of  the  medal  here  so  recommended, 
the  reader  may  consult  this  Magazine  for 
November  1841,  page  493,  where,  on  the 
authority  of  Pere  Jobert*8  "  Science  des 
M^dailles,**  a  treatise  in  highest  estima- 
tion, it  is  denounced  as  '*  a  base  counter- 
feit, with  which  no  collector  should  dis- 
grace his  cabinet.*'  To  that  work,  trans- 
lated into  English  by  Roger  Gale,  were 
annexed  Addison's  "  Dialogues  on  the 
Usefulness  of  Medals,**  in  which  he  im- 
parts to  the  interlocutors,  Cynthio,  Phi- 
lander, and  Eugenlo,  all  the  attractions  of 
his  graceful  style.  The  best  impression 
of  the  original  is  that  by  Baron  Labastie, 
1739, 2  voU.  ISmo.  ;  but  the  translation  is 
enriched  by  Pope*s  "Epistle to  Addison,** 
introductory  to  the  Dialogues,  and  be« 
ginning— 

'*  Seethe  wild  wasteofall-devooringyears.** 

It  is  altogether  a  beautiful  tribute  of 
friendship,  and  contradictory  of  the  al- 
leged coolness,  at  least  on  Pope's  side, 
between  these  celebrated  authors. 

The  previous  number  of  the  same  pe* 
riodical,  (cxliii.)  has,  likewise,  suggested 
to  me  a  few  remarks,  with  which  I  hope  I 
may  be  here  indulged.  In  the  **  Essay  on 
Catalogues,"  at  page  143,  the  method  of 
classifying  libraries  generally  pursued 
during  the  anti-religious  storm  of  the 
French  Revolution,  and  certainly  not  dis- 
entitled to  notice,  is  omitted.  The  long 
established  arrangement,  first  introduced 
systematically  by  Gabriel  NandA  in  the 
Bibliotheca  Cordesiana,  (1643, 4to.)  which 
assigned  the  foremost  rank  to  TheoJo^, 
was  not  only  abandoned,  and  replaced  or 

4F 


1S43.] 


Gibbon  and  Lady  Elizabeth  Forsler. 


587 


their  society.  Beautiful  in  person, 
fascinating  in  manner,  still  under  the 
age  of  thirty,  and  wholly  unsuspicious 
of  all  amorous  pretensions  from  a  man 
of  the  mature  years,  ungainly  figure, 
and  love-repelling  countenance  of  her 
learned  countryman,  she  checked  not 
the  exuberance  of  her  admiration  of 
his  genius.  She  had  unconsciously, 
however,  made  a  deep  impression  on 
his  imagination,  and  one  morning, 
more  especially,  just  as  he  had  termi- 
nated his  elaborate  performance,  and 
felt  elated  with  the  achievement,  as  he 
so  glowingly  describes  the  sensation  in 
hi9  "  Life,"  (p.  289.  Milman's  edi- 
tion),  he  invited  the  seductive  lady  to 
breakfast,  when,  in  a  bower  fragrant 
with  encircling  acacias,  he  selected  for 
her  perusal  various  attractive  passages 
of  the  concluding  sheets.  Enchanted 
with  the  masterly  narrative,  her  lady- 
ship complimented  him  on  the  com- 
pletion of  his  task,  with  a  charm  of 
language  and  warmth  of  address 
which  the  author's  prurient  fancy, 
much  too  licentiously  indulged,  as  his 
writings  prove,  converted  into  effu- 
sions of  tenderer  inspiration.  Falling 
on  his  knees,  he  gave  utterance  to  an 
impassioned  profession  of  love,  greatly 
to  the  surprise  of  its  object,  who,  re- 
coiling from  his  contact,  entreated  him 
to  rise  from  this  humiliating  posture. 
Thus  recalled  to  cooler  feelings,  but 
prostrate,  and  helpless  from  his  un- 
wieldy form,  he  vainly  sought  to  re- 
gain his  feet ;  and  the  delicate  female, 
whose  first  astonishment  soon  yielded 
to  irrepressible  laughter  at  the  ridicu- 
lous scene,  was  equally  powerless  in 
affording  relief;  until  at  length,  with 
the  aid  of  two  robust  women,  he  was 
reseated  in  his  arm-chair,  from  which, 
it  was  pretexted,  he  had  accidentally 
slipped.  Thus,  "  Solventur  risu  ta- 
bulae ;"  a  laugh  at  once  dissolves  the 
lover's  enchantment,  and  with  it  eva- 
porated the  lady's  anger,  genuine  or 
simulated.  For,  with  the  Duchess, 
this  demonstration  of  the  Promethean 
puissance  of  her  charms,  which  could 
quicken  into  vivid  emotion  such  a  mass 
of  seemingly  inert  matter,  was,  on  re- 
flection, felt  rather  as  a  homage  than 
an  offence,  and»  though  unfruitful  of 
effect  in  evoking,  as  in  the  opera  of 
"  Zemir  et  Azor,  or  Beauty  and  the 
Beast,"  a  reponsive  flame,  it,  4n  no 


sense,  interrupted  her  friendly  inter- 
course with  Gibbon. 

In  his  letters  of  May  30th,  12th 
September,  and  27th  October  1792,  to 
Lord  Sheffield,  as  well  as  in  writing 
to  his  mother-in-law,  the  1st  August, 
of  the  same  year,  the  expression  of  his 
friendship  is  warm  and  unvaried. 
Again,  on  addressing  Lady  Elizabeth 
herself,  the  8th  November  1792,  after 
a  studied  assimilation  of  the  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  to  the  Goddesses  of 
Paganism,  he  proceeds,  in  review  of 
the  travelling  group,  to  say  "  Bess 
(herselO  is  much  nearer  the  level  of  a 
mortal,  but  a  mortal  for  whom  the 
wisest  man,  historic  or  medical,  would 
throw  away  two  or  three  worlds,  if  he 
had  them  in  his  possession."  And 
here  I  cannot  avoid  observing  how 
ill-suited  to  Gibbon's  mind  ot 
habits  appears  the  lively  tone  of  gal- 
lantry ;  for  it  would  be  difficult  id 
convey  the  intended  compliment  less 
felicitously  in  thought,  or  more  cum- 
brously  in  words.  It  is  not  thus 
that  Walpole  or  Chesterfield  would 
have  expressed  the  gay  homage.  He 
subsequently  adds,  "  To  each  of  the 
dear  little  caros  (Lady  Besborough's 
children)  deliver  nine  kisses  for  me, 
which  shall  be  repaid  on  demand." 
He  had  before,  however,  acknowledged 
that,  desirous  as  he  would  have  been 
to  accompany  his  "  bonnes  amies  " 
over  the  Alps,  "  and  of  basking  once 
more  in  an  Italian  sun,  his  aged  and 
gouty  limbs  would  have  failed  him  in 
the  bold  attempt  of  scaling  St.  Ber- 
nard." 

The  Duke  of  Devonshire's  first  con- 
sort. Lady  Georgina  Spencer,  dying  id 
1806,  and  Lady  Elizabeth  Forster 
having  lost  her  husband,  the  noble 
pair,  thus  disengaged,  were  married  in 
1809 ;  but  the  Duke's  demise  having 
left  her  again  a  widow  in  1811.  she 
repaired,  on  the  restoration  of  peace, 
to  the  Continent,  where  in  1816  she 
permanently  fixed  her  residence.  De- 
voted to  literature,  her  first  recurrence 
to  the  press  was  in  respect  to  an  edi- 
tion of  her  predecessor  the  Duchess 
Georgina's  poem  on  the  "  Passage  of 
St.  Gothard,"  with  a  French  transla- 
tion by  Delille,  which  she  got  litho- 
graphed at  Rome,  her  future  fixed 
abode.  The  original  and  version  had 
previously  been  published  at  Paris  in 


588 


Elizabeth  Duchess  of  Devonshire* 


[Dec. 


1802,  with  some  very  beautiful  lines 
interchanged  between  the  Duchess 
and  poet  prefixed  to  the  volume. 
Those  of  the  lady,  in  a  presentation 
copy  of  the  original  English,  thus  con- 
cluded in  French : 

*'  J'ose  V0U8  offrir  en  tremblant, 
De  I'humble  pr^  la  fleur  nouvelle ; 
Je  la  voudrais  immortelle, 
Si  vous  acceptez  le  present." 

But  this  quatrain  is  evidently  an 
imitation  of  the  most,  perhaps  the 
only,  admired  madrigal  of  the  sixteen 
which  constitute  the  poetic  portion  of 
the  celebrated  "  Guirlande  de  Julie," 
or  homage  offered  in  1641  to  Julie 
d'Argennes  by  her  future  husband, 
the  Duke  of  Montausier.  These  madri- 
gals were  subjoined  to  flowers  painted 
by  Robert;  and  that  appended  to  the 
violet  is  as  follows  : 

"Modeste  en  ma  couleur,  modeste  en  mon 

s^jour, 

Franche  d'ambition  Jeme  cache  sousl'herbe ; 

Mais  si  sur  votre  front  je  puis  me  voir  un  jour, 

La  plus  humble  des  fleurs,  sera  la  plus  su- 

perbe." 

The  author  was  DesmarSts  de  St. 
Sorlin,  of  whom  it  now  forms  the  sole 
title  of  poetic  fame,  as,  in  other  re- 
spects, the  principal  value  of  the 
volume  consists  in  its  exquisite  pen- 
manship, by  N.  Jarry.  Madame 
de  S^vign^,  in  her  letter  of  the  1st 
Sept.  1680,  beautifully  refers  to 
these  lines  as  painting  Madame  de  la 
Valli^re  in  contrast  with  her  proud 
successor  "  de  Fontanges  "  in  the 
favour  of  Louis  XIV.  See  Gent. 
Mag.  for  January  1841,  p.  28,  and 
correct  the  statement  of  the  Guirlande*s 
being  in  the  Royal  Library,  wherethere 
is  only  a  copy.  The  original,  bought 
by  an  Englishman  at  Valli^re's  sale  in 
1783  for  14,510  fr&ncs,  was  repur- 
chased by  the  Duchess  of  Ch&tillon, 
daughter  of  the  Duke  of  La  Valli^re, 
and  a  descendant  of  the  Duke  of  Mon- 
tausier, whose  representatives  still  pos- 
sess it. 

Delille's  answer  flows  in  equal 
grace  and  harmony  of  language,  as, 
trom  so  great  a  master  of  its  powers, 
would  be  expected  ;  for  in  this  element 
of  poetic  perfection  few  were  his  su- 
periors. 

The  next  publication  of  this  exalted 
female  was  of  more  local  and  classical 


character.  Its  purpose  was  to  il- 
lustrate Horace's  "  Iter  ad  Brun- 
dusium,"  or  the  fifth  satire  of  the 
first  book,  omitting,  of  course,  the 
obnoxious  lines,  82  to  86.  Three 
editions  followed  successively  of  the 
volume.  The  earliest  appeared  in 
1818  at  Rome,  in  folio,  with  an  Italian 
translation,  and  elucidatory  engravings, 
of  which  the  first  applies  to  the 
moment  when  Horace  is  supposed  to 
say, 

" Donee  cerebrosus  prosilit  nnus^ 

Ac  muls  nautsequae  capnt,  lumbosqae 
Fuste  dolat."  [saligno 

V.  21—23. 

In  the  second  plate,  Maecenas,  Horace^ 
Heliodorus  and  Virgil,  are  represented 
at  table,  where,  however,  a  classical 
anachronism  occurs,  in  assigning 
modern  chairs  or  seats  to  the  guests. 
These  engravings  were  the  work  of 
Prussian  artists,  the  brothers  Ripen- 
hausen ;  but  the  Italian  version  con- 
tained a  more  considerable  number, 
extending  to  sixteen,  and  were  de- 
scriptive of  the  localities  as  they  now 
exist;  several  being  the  designs  an4 
execution  of  the  duchess  herself. 

This  primary  essay  was  limited  to 
one  hundred  and  fifty  copies,  intended 
as  complimentary  presents,  of  which, 
however,  not  more  than  sixty  had  been 
circulated,  when  some  defects,  real  or 
ideal,arrested  their  further  distribution, 
and  caused  the  destruction  of  the  re- 
maining ninety.  A  second  attempt 
ensued,  under  the  same  date  and  form, 
with  a  head  of  Horace  from  a  medal- 
lion in  the  cabinet  of  the  Polish  Priiice 
Poniatowski,  (nephew  of  King  Stanis- 
laus,) as  in  the  preceding  edition, 
and  various  additional  improvements. 
Two  hundred  copies  had  been  given 
by  the  duchess  to  her  friends,  when 
some  objections  .were  made  to  the 
translation,  the  imputed  performance 
of  Molajani,  a  gentleman  employed  in 
the  papal  Secretary  of  State's  office. 
Mortified  with  this  repeated  failure  of 
a  cherished  project,  her  grace  applied 
to  the  governing  Cardinal,  the  cele- 
brated Consalvi,  who  soothed  her  with 
a  promise  of  a  new  version  by  a  com- 
petent hand,  superintended  by  him- 
self, for  which  his  own  early  and  not 
unsuccessful  culture  of  the  Muses 
evinced  his   perfect   capacity.     This 


1843.] 


Jnnibal  Caro, — Delille, 


589 


third  edition,  in  4to>  with  the  title  of 
"  Di  Q.  Orazio  Flacco  Satira  V.  Tra- 
duzione  Italiana,  con  rami  allusivi/' 
proceeded  from  and  is  considered  one 
of  the  most  valuable  productions  of 
the  Bodonian  press  of  Parma.  The 
frontispiece  again  exhibited  the  poet's 
head,  and  to  each  presentation  copy 
was  prefixed,  in  the  duchess's  own 
hand/'  De  lapartd'ElizabethDuchesse 
de  Devonshire,  n^e  Hervey."  A  short 
preliminary  address  to  the  noble  lady, 
from  the  widow  Bodoni,  is  succeeded 
by  the  hundred  residuous  verses,  the 
four  impure  ones  having  been  elimi- 
nated, spread  over  five  pages  in  Italian 
type  of  exquisite  neatness.  The  trans- 
lation, wholly  new,  contains  one 
hundred  and  fifty-two  lines,  exceed- 
ing the  previous  one  by  ten ;  and 
eight  additional  engravings  embellish 
the  volume.  Six  are  by  Ripenhausen, 
and  two  from  the  designs  of  Catel,  by 
the  celebrated  Lodovico  Caracciolo, 
the  artist  of  the  Roman  edition  of 
Claude  Lorrain's  famous  "  Liber  Veri- 
tatis,"  published  in  1815,  2  vols,  folio. 
The  great  and  learned  of  Italy  emulously 
contributed  to  the  decoration  of  the 
edition,  which  was  illustrated  from  the 
monuments  of  Portici,  the  excavations 
of  Calabria,  with  other  explorations 
of  antiquity,  necessary  to  impart  to 
the  plates  the  most  accurate  represen- 
tation of  the  sites  comprized  in  the 
poet's  Itinerary  contemporaneous  with 
its  period.  It  is,  altogether,  a  splendid 
performance. 

A  more  comprehensive  undertaking 
subsequently  engaged  her  grace's  at- 
tention— **  L'£neide  di  Virgilio  recata 
in  Versi  Italian!  da  Annibal  Caro. 
Roma,  nella  stamperia  de  Romanis, 
MDCCCXIX,  2  vols,  folio."  The 
copies,  confined  to  one  hundred  and 
fifty,  of  admirable  execution  in  letter 
and  embellishment,  were  chiefly 
destined  for  donation  to  crowned  or 
sovereign  princes.  At  the  end  of  each 
volume  is  inscribed  "Elizabeth  De- 
voniae  Dux,  famili&  Hervey,  excogi- 
tavit,  suisque  sumptibus  absolvit." 
Twenty-two  engravings  beautify  the 
first,  in  addition  to  the  portrait  of  the 
duchess,  by  Marchetti,  from  a  paint- 
ing by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence ;  and 
the  second  volume  is  enriched  with 
thirty-eight  plates,  besides  the  head 
of  Virgil  and  his  interpreter  Annibal 


Caro,  whose  last  work,  this  translation^ 
printed  by  the  Giunti  at  Venice  after 
his  death,  in  1581,  4to.  and  number- 
less times  since,  has  ever  formed  one 
of  the  most  esteemed  of  the  Italian 
collection,  known  under  the  title  of 
"  La  Collana."*  In  merit  of  art,  or 
interest  of  subject,  the  most  striking 
of  the  illustrations  that  adorn  these 
volumes  is  the  one  which  represents 
Virgil  reading  for  Octavia  the  im- 
pressive lines  of  his  sixth  book  (860 — 
883,)  crowned  with  the  pathetic  an- 
nunciation, "Tu  Marcellus  eris," 
when  the  deeply-affected  mother  sunk 
under  the  overwhelming  emotion. 

The  various  sites  referred  to  in  the 
Epic  are  described,  not  in  their  an- 
tique, but  actual  condition,  such  as 
the  plains  of  Troy,  the  isle  of  Ithaca, 
Tibur,  &c.  with  the  exception  of  the 
Roman  Forum,  which,  from  the  de- 
sign of  Cockerell,  appears  both  under 
its  ancient  and  present  aspect.  Not- 
withstanding their  aristocratic  de- 
stination, some  copies  of  the  work 
have  yet  found  their  way,  under  the 
auctioneer's  hammer,  into  popular  use. 

♦  Delille,  so  successful  in  rendering 
the  Georgics,  was  far  less  so  in  the  Eneid, 
and  his  version  is  much  inferior  to  Caro*8. 
It  is  harmonious,  indeed,  a  never-failing 
merit  of  his  compositions,  but  dilute  in 
phrase,  for  it  extends  to  three  thousand 
and  eleven  lines  beyond  the  original, 
(9900—12911,)  whUe  a  rival  poet,  Mr.  J. 
Hyacinthe  Gaston,  only  exceeded  the 
Latin,  as  he  boasted,  by  thirty-eight 
verses.  This  condensation,  however,  is 
the  sole  advantage  of  the  emulative  effort, 
otherwise  involved  in  diction,  and  obscure 
in  sense,  from  that  very  cause  most  pro- 
bably, like  our  English  Tacitus  by 
Gordon.  (Gent.  Mag.  August,  1837, 
p.  146.)  Our  modern  tongues,  in  con- 
sequence of  the  ever-recurring  preposi- 
tions  and  articles,  are  necessarily  less 
concise  in  expression  than  the  Roman ; 
and  our  heroic  or  the  French  Alexandrine 
verse  contains  fewer  letters  than  the 
ancient  hexameter. 

Lord  Chesterfield,  in  his  Correspondence* 
19  March,  1750,  tells  his  son,  that  he 
was  in  possession  of  some  of  the  old 
Collana,  which,  though  deprecating  the 
Bibliomanie,  he  views  as  valuable.  The 
word  implies  a  necklace,  composed,  we 
may  imagine,  of  strung  pearls,  to  which 
this  esteemed  series  of  classical  versions 
is  thus  assimilated.  (See  Gent.  Mag.  for 
August,  1838,  p.  138.) 


590 


Elizabeth  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 


[Dec. 


One  in  boards  produced  only  222 
francs,  not  quite  9^.  at  Paris  in  1822, 
— a  depreciation,  if  communicated  to 
the  Duchess,  of  no  pleasing  effect; 
but,  in  1826,  another,  superbly  bound 
by  Thouvenin,  brought,  in  juster  es- 
timation, one  thousand  francs  ;  a  com- 
pensating fact  which,  however,  could 
impart  no  satisfaction  to  her,  whose 
death  had  occurred  two  years  before^ 
on  the  30th  of  March,  1824. 

Finally,  the  tasteful  lady  was  pre- 
paring for  the  press  that  great  original 
achievement  of  genius,  "  La  Divina 
Commedia  di  Dante,"  whom  Manzoni 
so  gracefully  addresses  in  his  Urania. 

*'  Tu  deir  ira  maestro  e  del  sorriso, 
Divo  Alighier.'* 

This  work  she  intended  to  decorate 
with  one  hundred  plates,  although  the 
admirable  ones,  after  the  designs  of 
Flaxman,  might  well  have  satisfied  the 
most  fastidious  taste,  and  to  accompany 
with  the  version  of  her  friend,  M.Artaud, 
in  French  ;  but  her  decease  interrupted 
its  completion.  M.  Artaud's  per- 
formance, first  published  in  1811— 
1813,  3  vols.  8vo,  again  appeared  in 
1828.  This  gentleman  is  likewise 
author  of  an  able  work,  "  Machiavel : 
son  Genie,  et  ses  Erreurs,"  1833,  in 
two  octavo  volumes  ;  and  of  an  excel- 
lent Life  of  Pope  Pius  VIL  during 
whose  pontificate  he  acted,  for  many 
years,  as  secretary  of  legation  under 
Cardinal  Fesch  and  others,  at  Rome. 
The  duchess  obtained  for  this  Pope 
plaster-casts  of  the  Elgin  marbles,  in 
return  for  a  similar  present  to  our 
Prince  Regent  from  the  antique,  pre- 
pared under  the  supervision  of  Canova 
by  the  Pontiff's  order.  These,  as  the 
Regent  was  in  possession  of  dupli- 
cates, now  enrich  our  Royal  Cork  In- 
stitution, of  which  I  have  the  honour 
to  be  the  senior  Vice-President,  or, 
virtually,  the  President.  We  derive 
the  valuable  gift,  which  has  been  the 
source  of  inspiration  and  early  school 
of  instruction  to  Hogan,  to  M'Clise, 
and  to  others,  from  the  liberality  of 
George  the  Fourth. 

Her  Grace,  we  are  assured,  rendered 
various  services  to  the  Holy  See  ;  and 
among  them  is  especially  reckoned 
her  recommendation  to  our  govern- 
ment, at  the  Pope's  desire,  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  Claims.  How  far, 
nevertheless,    the  question    was,    in 


consequence,  advanced,  is  not  very 
discoverable ;  for  not  only  the  sue- 
cessive  monarchs  of  England,  during 
her  life,  continued  opposed  to  it,  but 
her  brother- in  law.  Lord  Liverpool, 
so  long  our  prime  minister  while  she 
lived,  was  its  decided  adversary  ;  nor 
did  the  measure  pass  into  law  for 
above  five  years  after  her  decease. 
This  zeal,  however,  manifested  by  her 
in  the  cause  may,  indeed,  be  con- 
sidered hereditary,  for  one  of  the 
earliest  and  most  efficient  agents  in 
procuring  a  modification  of  the  penal 
code  was  her  father,  whom  I  saw  on 
the  continent  in  1789*  and  well  re- 
member the  remarks  made  on  his 
social  suite,  who,  though  gentlemen  of 
honour,  were  not  of  a  character  or 
demeanor  quite  in  accordance  with  his 
ecclesiastical  dignity. 

On  the  death  of  the  duchess,  seve- 
ral fine  medals,  illustrative  of  the  pub- 
lic works  to  which  she  had  devoted  so 
much  time  and  expenditure,  and  gene- 
rally bearing  her  image,  with  the  ap- 
propriate legend  "Monumenta  De- 
tecta,"  were  struck,  in  emulous  grati- 
tude for  her  services,  by  the  various 
benefited  localities.  But  in  Rome 
more  especially ;  in  that  spot  of  ever- 
fated  renown  for  good  or  ill-— the 
mistress  in  arms,  art,  and  mind,  of 
civilized  man — the  sanctuary  of  faith 
—the  one  fold  of  the  one  shepherd, 
and  centre  of  religious  unity,  as  vene- 
rated by  some — or,  the  "  rh  Kpifia  ttjs 
Trdpvrjs  ttjs  fifyaXrjg/*  (Apocalypse,  xvii, 
1.) ;  the  strong-hold  of  Antichrist, 
or,  •'  das  alte  Haus  der  Satan," — the 
"  Hija  de  lobos,  mad  re  de  Nerones," 
and  the  "Spurcum  cadaver  pristinse 
venustatis,"  as  abhorrently  viewed 
by  others — in  the  "  Eternal  City," 
the  oregina  del  mondoo,  our  duchess's 
influence  had  been  boundless,  be- 
cause her  munificence  scarcely  knew 
a  limit  Accordingly,  the  widow  of 
the  younger  Pretender,  and  we  may 
also  add,  of  Alfieri,  who,  in  his  dedi- 
cation of  the  tragedy  of  Mirra,  at- 
tributes to  her  the  inspirations  of  his 
genius,  and  first  sentient  perceptions 
of  happiness — 

'' Bench^  di  tutte  11  fronte 

Tu  sola  fossi ;  e  il  viver  mio  non  conte, 
Se  non  dal  dl  che  al  viver  tuo  si  allaccia," 

this  relict  of  faded  royalty,  Louisa  ds 
Stoiberg,  I  say,  thus  addressed  her  fair 


1843.] 


F,  ZuccareUu — The  Biographic  Universelle. 


591 


and  amiable  friend — "  Ma  belle  amie, 
on  dit  ici,  (at  Florence,)  quevous  r^gnez 
k  Rome  :  permettez  .raoi  d'alier  vous 
visiter  dans  vos  etats/'  &c. 

A  large  painting,  or  family  group,  by 
Francesco  Zuccarelli,  of  the  Earl  of  Bris- 
tol, Bishop  of  Derry,  encircled  by  his 
children,  was  long  in  my  possession. 
Lady  Erne,  the  eldest,  there  appears 
advanced  to  womanhood ;  oar  Duchess 
not  much  remote  from  it ;  but  Lady 
Liverpool  and  the  present  Marquess 
are  yet  in  infancy,  which  corresponds 
with  the  period  just  preceding  the 
artist's  departure  from  England  in 
1773.  During  his  abode  there,  ex- 
tending to  several  years,  he  had  mainly 
promoted  the  establishment  of  the 
Royal  Academy,  it  is  asserted  ;  and  he 
certainly  was  one  of  its  earliest  mem- 
bers. 

A  few  additional  words  on  the  com- 
pilation which  has  thus  far  furnished 
the  grounds  of  this  address,  will,  1 
trust,  in  conclusion,  be  permitted  me. 
They  shall  be  concise  in  matter  and 
expression  ;  for  my  object  is  to  shew, 
and  two  or  three  examples,  the  result 
of  the  most  casual  inspection,  will 
suflSce,  that,  though  incomparably  more 
multiplied,  and  to  us,  of  course,  more 
perceptible,  in  English  history,  the 
errors  of  the  "Biographie  Universelle," 
are  by  no  means  of  unfrequent  occur- 
rence in  other  branches  of  the  under- 
taking. 

In  the  article  "  Britannicus,"  the 
last  of  the  Claudii,  whose  melancholy 
fate  is  related  by  Suetonius,  (in  Ne- 
rone,  cap.  32,)  by  Tacitus  (Annal.  xiii. 
16,)  by  Racine,  in  his  tragedy,  (Acte  v. 
sc.  5,)  and  alluded  to  by  Seneca,  so 
cognizant  of  the  fact,  if — which,  in- 
deed, is  not  probable— Nero's  tutor  be 
its  author,  in  the  drama  of  Octavia, 
(Act  i.  V.  46,)  it  is  stated,  that  the 
origin  of  this  superb  race  ascended  to 
the  foundation  of  Rome — "  remonta  k 
la  fondation  de  Rome."  But  their  first 
settlement  there,  according  to  Livy, 
(lib.  ii.  cap.  16,)  was  in  the  year  of 
the  city  250 — when  "Appius  Claudius 
ab  Regillo,  magna  clientium  comita- 
tus  manu,  Romam  transfugit."  This 
was  after  the  expulsion  of  the  Tar- 
quins,  and  long  posterior,  not  only  to 
the  foundation  of  Rome,  but  to  the 
transmigration  from  Alba,  and  other 
vicinities,  of   many  names  of  future 


eminence,  then,  like  the  Claudii,  in-- 
corporated  with  the  Roman  patricians. 
Various  instances,  again,  have  struck 
me  of  con  fusion  in  patrician  and  plebeian 
genealogies,  which  appear  as  difficult 
of  correct  distinction  as  our  lords  by 
courtesy  jind  of  parliament  are  on  the 
continent.  Independently  of  other  mis- 
takes, 1  find  the  celebrated  Triumvir» 
Marcus  Licinius  Crassus,  represented 
as  of  patrician  descent :  and  I  select 
this  proof  of  error,  because  of  most 
flagrant  commission ;  for  the  very 
first  Tribune  of  the  people — an  office 
created  for,  and  exclusively  tenable  by, 
plebeians — was  Caius  Licinius — the 
patriarch  of  his  house,  in  the  year  260. 
(Tit.  Liv.  ii.  33.)  Again,  we  learn 
that  his  descendant,  Publius  Licinius 
Calvus,  after  a  long  contest  for  the 
participation  of  supreme  power  between 
the  two  great  sections  of  the  state^ 
was  the  first  plebeian,  and  the  sole  one 
of  his  order,  elected,  with  five  pa- 
tricians, as  chief  magistrates,  to  replace 
the  Consuls,  under  the  denominatioQ 
of'Tribuni  Militum."  The  plebeians 
had  not  further  succeeded  than  in  ob- 
taining one  place  out  of  six,  and  that, 
for  the  first  time,  though  eligible  for. 
several  years  before — "  Non  ultra  pro- 
cessum  est,  quam  ut  unus  ex  plebe» 
usurpandi  juris  causa,  Publius  Li- 
cinius Calvus^  tribunus  militum  con- 
sular! potestate  crearetur,"  says  Livy, 
(lib.  V.  12.)  The  accurate  Pighius,  I 
am  aware,  (Annal.  ad  annum  CCCLIIL 
p.  212,  ed.  Antwerp,  1599»  tom.  i.) 
maintains  that,  on  the  contrary,  five 
of  these  high  officers  of  state  were 
plebeians,  and  only  one  patrician  ;  but, 
of  the  former,  Licinius  is  still  the  fore- 
most. Indeed,  the  name  was  well 
entitled  to  the  first  rank  in  plebeian 
nobility,  as  thus,  we  see,  possessed  of 
the  superior  offices  of  the  republic, 
when  first  open  to  their  class.  And 
that  nobilit}',  I  am  well  warranted  in 
asserting,  was  certainly  not  eclipsed 
in  succeeding  ages  by  their  rivals,  in 
splendour  of  position  or  achievement. 
One  special  distinction,  moreover,  in 
their  favour,  must  not  be  overlooked. 
It  is,  that  every  transmitted  writer, 
poet  or  historian,  without  a  single  ex- 
ception, save  that  of  Caesar,  was  of  the 
plebeian  order,  as  were,  likewise,  the 
most  renowned  orators,  Crassus,  the 
triumvir's  grandfather,  and  Antonios, 


592 


Illustrious  Plebeians. — Epitaph  of  Sir  C.  Wren. 


[Dec. 


the  two  leading  interlocutors  in  Cicero's 
Dialogues  "De  Oratore,"  Hortensius 
Asinius  Poliio,  with  Cicero  himself. 
Caesar,  indeed,  was  a  patrician,  and, 
no  doubt,  would  have  attained  the 
highest  name,  had  not  his  other  pur- 
suits prevented  the  frequent  exercise 
or  cultivation  of  his  natural  eloquence ; 
while,  of  his  successors  on  the  imperial 
throne,  the  three  Claudii,  Tiberius, 
Caligula,  and  Claudius,  with  Galba, 
were  alone  of  the  aristocratic  class. 
Augustus  and  Nero  were  plebeians  by 
birth,  though  the  former  was  adopted 
into  the  Julian,  and  the  latter  by  the 
Ciaudian  family,  a  solitary  instance, 
as  Tacitus  was  told  by  the  antiquaries 
or  genealogists  of  his  day,  (Annal.  xii. 
25,)  of  a  permitted  ingraft  of  alien 
blood  on  this  haughty  stock.  Lapses 
in  Roman  pedigrees,  such  as  I  have 
here  indicated,  are  by  no  means  of 
rare  discovery,  even  in  classical  com- 
mentaries, more  especially  in  reference 
to  those  families  who  like  the  Claudii 
were  divided  between  the  two  orders, 
the  Appii  being  patricians,  and  the 
Marcelli  plebeians.  Many  of  the  patri- 
cians, likewise,  had  lost  caste,  as  I  may 
say,  in  the  course  of  ages,  and  fallen 
to  the  titulary  inferior  degree,  such  as 
the  families  of  Brutus  and  of  Mene- 
nius  Agrippa.  Plutarch  is  often  quoted 
as  confounding  the  patrician  Flaminii 
with  the  plebeian  Flaminini,  which, 
however,  he  does  not,  though  he  usu- 
ally omits  the  nomen  gentilitium  of  the 
Romans.  Polybius,  also,  properly  dis- 
tinguishes the  two  families  of  assonant 
names. 

The  mention  of  C8esar  reminds  me 
of  what  must  be  considered  an  obvious 
plagiarism  in  the  article  devoted  to 
him  in  the  Biographic  Universelle.  It 
thus  opens,  *'  Parmi  les  hommes  que 
rhistoire  honore  de  titre  de  grands, 
aucun  peut-^tre  ne  le  merite  plus  que 
le  dictateur  C^sar,  qui  changea  le 
gouvernement  des  Romains,"  &c. 
Now  these  words,  printed  in  1813, 
are  the  exact,  though  unacknowledged, 
version  of  the  first  sentence  of  the 
dictator's  life  in  Aikin's  Biographical 
Dictionary,  published  a  dozen  years 
previously, — in  180J,  viz.  "Among 
the  personages  whom  history  com- 
memorates under  the  title  of  great  men, 
none,  perhaps,  can  claim  a  higher  rank 
than  the  Dictator,  Ccesar,  the  subverter 
4 


of  the  republican  and  founder  of  the 
imperial  constitution  of  Rome,"  &c.* 


*  Of  the  inscriptions  illustrative  of 
British  renown  in  English  chwches, 
there  can  exist  none  of  which  the  nation 
is  more  proad,  or  for  which  we  derive 
greater  credit  from  foreigners  for  con- 
densation of  thought  and  langaage,  than 
the  epitaph  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren, 
under  the  choir  of  St.  Paul's.  The  words 
are  too  well  known  to  demand  full  repe- 
tition, and  I  may  only  cite  the  following  : 

**  Subtus  conditor — Hujns  ecclesiie  con- 
ditor — 

Lector,  si  monumentum  requiris, 
Circomspice.*' 

Now,  in  the  old  church  (St.  Jose,)  of 
the  Jesuits  at  Lisbon,  condemned,  and 
fallen' in  consequence  to  present  ruin,  by 
Pombal's  government,  the  ensuing  in- 
scription is  still  visible  on  the  monument 
of  the  foundress  of  the  edifice,  at  the  left 
side  of  the  great  altar.  I  give  it  con- 
tinuously, without  lapidary  division,  ^^Hoc 
Mausolseo  condita  ....  lUustrissima 
D.D.  Philippa  D.Comes  de  Linbares.  Cu- 
jus,  si  erga  Deum  et  S.  Ignacium  pieta- 
temac  munificentiamquaeras,  hoc  templum 
suspice.  Illud  cum  posuit,  utriusque  seter- 
num  exegit  monumentum.  Obiit  postridie 
kalendas  Sept'»»  MDXIII."  This  tribute 
to  the  memory  of  the  pious  Countess 
(Comes)  of  Linhares,  one  of  the  highest 
names  in  Portugal,  appears  long  ante- 
cedent to  Wren's,  who  died  in  1723,  or 
110  years  subsequent  to  the  lady's  stated 
demise  ;  nor  was  his  epitaph  exposed  to 
view  for  many  years  after.  Viewing, 
therefore,  the  two  inscriptions,  Portuguese 
and  English,  in  juxta-posltion,  it  is  diffi- 
cult not  to  observe  that  the  earlier  one  has 
been  the  model  of  the  other,  and,  more 
or  less,  a  plagiarism.  For  this  informa- 
tion and  parallel  I  am  indebted  to  my 
respected  friend  the  Reverend  B.  T. 
Russel,  O.  P.  of  this  city. 

The  letters  OP.,  (or  O.F.P.,)  represent 
the  order  of  Friars  Preachers,  or  Do- 
minicans, whose  annals  present  to  our 
contemplation  names  of  the  highest  class 
of  mind,  such  as  Albertus  Magnus,  and 
his  disciple  Thomas  Aquinas,  unsur- 
passed in  their  own  or  perhaps  any  age 
in  the  constitutive  attributes  of  genius. 
Subsequently  arose  in  its  bosom  Torque- 
mada,  of  unhappy  celebrity,  followed  by 
Savonarola,  of  dubious  fame,  indeed,  but 
ill-fated — possibly  ill-judged,  and  Cam- 
panella,  long,  too,  the  victim  of  persecu- 
tion, with  Pius  the  Fifth,  of  sanctified 
memory.     Numerous  other  emanations  of 


1843.] 


The  Dies  Ira.-^'Plagiarisms, 


593 


It  has  even  been  a  matter  of  some 
controversy  how  far  the  imputation  of 

the  cowl  and  cloister  will  be  found  com- 
memorated in  the  '^  Scriptores  Ordinis 
Praedicatorum  Recensiti "  of  Fathers 
Qa^tif  and  Echard,  (Paris,  1719,  2  vols, 
folio,)  and  in  P^re  A.^Touron's  *'  Hommes 
lUustres  de  I'Ordre  de  St.  Dominique," 
works  like  my  countryman  Luke  Waring's 
Annals  of  the  Franciscans,  by  no  means 
destitute  of  general  historical  interest. 
But  an  early  and  meritorious  disciple  of 
this  institute  appears  the  just  claimant  of 
a  composition  which  has  been,  as  it  well 
deserved,  the  subject  of  rival  pretensions, 
I  mean  the  **  Dies  Ir^,"  that  most 
deeply  impressive  of  the  Catholic  hymns, 
which  I  introduce  here  to  supply  an  acci- 
dental omission  in  enumerating  the  authors 
of  those  solemn  chaunts,  at  page  28  of 
this  Magazine  for  July  last.  It  is  to 
Latino  Frangipani,  of  the  illustrious 
family  whose  beneficence  to  the  poor  en- 
titled them  to  that  name,  as  Bayle,  in  a 
special  article,  relates,  a  Dominican  brother 
of  the  thirteenth  century,  that  the  pathetic 
invocation  is  now  generally  ascribed,  al- 
though by  some  attributed  to  St.  Bernard, 
and  by  others  to  Hubertus  de  Romanis, 
the  fifth  General  of  the  Dominican  order. 
It  has  even  been  the  supposed  composi- 
tion of  a  penitent  criminal,  and  recited 
by  him  on  his  way  to  execution  ;  but  the 
weight  of  testimony  is  in  favour  of  Frangi- 
pani, whom  his  maternal  uncle,  Pope 
Nicholas  III.  (Gaetano  Orsini,)  raised  to 
the  purple  in  1278,  and  who  was  not  less 
patronized  by  the  successive  pontiffs, 
Honorius  IV.  Nicholas  IV.  and  Celestine 
V.  until  his  death  in  November  1294. 
He  was  generally  known  as  the  Cardinal 
Malabranca. 

Of  the  multiplied  translations  which  I 
have  read  of  the  simple,  but  truly  sublime 
hymn,  none  can  bear  a  competition  with 
Lord  Roscommon's,  whom  Fenton,  in 
his  Observations  on  Waller's  Poems  (ed. 
1729,  page  136),  represents  as  repeating 
in  his  last  moments  the  touching  depre* 
cation  of  his  own  version : 

**  My  God,  my  Father  and  my  Friend ! 
Do  not  forsake  me  in  my  end." 

Roscommon  was  educated  at  Caen, — so 
was  Anthony  Hamilton,  the  author  of 
Grammont's  Memoires,  and  so,  I  find,  was 
the  Anglo-Norman  poet,  Robert  Wace,  a 
primitive  bard  of  Jersey,  who  says,  in  his 
mediaeval  idiom, 

"  A  Caen  fu  petit  portez ; 
Ill^gues  fu  k  lettres  mis,''  &c. 

See  ''  Le  Roman  du  Rou,  par  Robert 
Wace,  poete  du  douzi^me  si^cle/'  Rouen , 

Gent.  Maq,  Vol.  XX. 


plagiarism  may  apply  to  those  ad- 
mired lines  of  Racine's  "Athalie," 
addressed  by  Joab   to   Abner,   (Acte 

I.  sc.  1.) 

**  Celui  qui  met  un  freiu  ^  la  fureur  des  Acts, 
Sait  aussi  des  m^hants  arrfiter  les  complots. 
Soumis  avee  respect  ^  la  volenti  sainte, 
Je  crains  Dieu,  cher  Abner,   et  n'ai   point 
d'autre  crainte." 

And  subsequently,  Acte  II.  sc.  7, 

"  Dieu  laissa-t-il  jamais  ses  enfants  au  be- 

soin? 

Aux  petits  des  oiseaux  il  donne  la  p&ture ; 
Et  sa  bont^  s'^tend  sur  toute  la  nature." 

Now,  in  an  obsolete  tragedy  of  R.  J. 
Ndrde,  published  in  1607  under  the 
title  of  "  Le  Triomphe  de  la  Ligue," 
the  following  verses  are  read  in  Acte 

II,  sc.  1. 

•*  Je  ne  crains  que  men  Dieu ;    lui  seul  je 

redoute; [ 

Celui  n'est  d^laiss^  qui  a  Dieu  pour  son  P^re  ; 


II  ouvre  \  tons  la  main ;  ii  nourrit  les  oiseaux : 
Tout  vit  de  sa  bont^." 

The  fountain  whence  flowed  to  both 
poets  these  beautiful  illustrations  is 
Holy  Writ,  where  their  origin  will  be 
found  in  the  88th  Psalm,  verse  9, 
according  to  the  Vulgate,  "  Tu  domi- 
naris  potestati  maris :  motum  autem 
fluctuum  ejus  tu  mitigas."  (Psalm  89 
in  the  Hebrew.)  And  again  in  the 
Psalm  146,  v.  9,  of  the  Vulgate,  (147, 
10,  of  the  Hebrew,)  "  Qui  dat  jumentis 
escam  ipsorum,  et  pullis  corvoruni 
invocantibus  eum."  Voltaire  (Die- 
tionnaire  Philosophique,  article  '*  Art 
Dramatique,")  observes,  in  reference 
to  the  striking  similarity  of  Racine's 
language  to  that  of  his  predecessor, 
"  Le  plagiat  paratt  sensible  ;  et  ce- 
pendant,  ce  n'en  est  point  un.  Rien 
n'est  plus  naturel  que  d'avoir  les 
memes  ide^s  sur  le  m^me  sujet." 
Granted,  as  to  the  image,  or  idea,  but 
surely  not  as  to  the  expressions.  He 
was,  however,  in  some  degree,  pleading 
his  own  cause,  (see  Gent.  Mag.  for 
March  1843,  p.  250,)  while  misled,  it 
seems,  by  Beauchamps  ("  Recherches 
sur  les  Theatres,"  tome  II.  p.  10,  ed. 
1735,  8vo.)  he  ascribes  the  tragedy  of 

1827,  tome  ler,  and  Bishop  Huet's  "  Ori- 
gines  de  Caen ''  (where  he  was  bom),  page 
263,  ed.  1706.  Indeed,  down  to  my  own 
time,  this  city  continued  to  be  a  favoured 
resort  of  tuition  for  literary,  martial,  and 
elegant  accomplishments. 

4G 


594 


Psalter  of  1467. — Fenelon. 


[Dee. 


Neree  above  cited  to  Pierre  Mathieu. 
(See  Gent.  Mag.  for  October  1842,  p. 
363.)  Again,  in  quoting  the  verses, 
he  gives  them  incorrectly  ;  so  little  is 
he  to  be  trusted,  even  on  what  may  be 
termed  his  own  ground,  in  literature. 
(Geoffroi's  edition  of  Racine,  1808,  7 
vols.  8vo.)  A  striking  union  at  once  of 
phrase  and  intention,  as  in  the  above- 
cited  examples,  can  hardly  be  supposed 
to  meet  in  casual  coincidence.  1  well 
remember  the  sensation  produced  on 
the  detection  of  Sterne's  plagiarisms 
from  old  Burton  by  Dr.  Ferriar.  Tlie 
like  impeachment,  however,  of  Lord 
Byron  has,  I  think,  been  urged  beyond 
its  proof,  though,  when  the  noble  poet 
does  condescend  to  borrow,  we  may 
apply  to  him  the  charming  allusion  of 
Montaigne  to  the  bees,  "  Les  abeilles 
pillulent,  de  9a,  de  \k,  les  fleurs ;  mais 
elles  en  font  apr^s  le  miel,  qui  est  tout 
leur." 

I  have  cited  the  Latin  text  of  Scrip- 
ture here  because  it  was  the  immediate 
source  of  both  poets'  inspirations. 
The  English  version,  in  its  enumeration 
of  the  Psalms,  follows  the  Hebrew, 
with  which  the  Vulgate  agrees,  until 
the  ninth,  which  includes  the  Hebrew 
and  English  tenth.  Thence,  con- 
sequently, to  the  148th,  the  Latin 
continues  to  reckon  one  less ;  but  that 
Psalm  which,  in  the  Vulgate,  begins 
as  the  ]47th,  being  also  made  to 
embrace  the  148th,  the  difference  dis- 
appears, and  the  two  final  numbers, 
149  and  150,  meet  concurrently  in  all 
the  texts.  It  is  similarly  that  the 
Catholics,  while  they  maintain  the 
integrity,  vary  the  distribution  of  the 
precepts  of  the  Decalogue.  The  first 
printed  book,  bearing  date,  was  the 
Psalter  of  1457,  which  I  saw  in  Count 
M'Carthy's  library  at  Toulouse  in 
1793.  It  cost  him,  he  told  me,  1340 
livres  in  17^9,  but  produced  at  his  sale 
in  1817  the  sum  of  12,000  francs, 
although  incomplete  in  the  annexed 
hymns.  It  now  reposes  in  the  Royal 
Library  of  Paris,  and,  we  are  told  by 
Brunet,  is  the  only  copy  in  France ; 
nor,  altogether,  have  more  than  half  a 
dozen  survived  the  wreck  of  time. 
England,  however,  is  richer  than  her 
rival  in  these  treasures,  of  which  she 
reckons  more  than  one  in  her  collec- 
tions, but  whether  two  or  three  I  am 
not  certain. 

Nor    are    the    French     articles    of 
the  Great  Dictionary  free  from  mis- 


takes, of  which,  however,  I  shall 
now  only  notice  one,  little  material, 
indeed,  in  itself,  but  which  I  find  also 
committed  by  Voltaire,  accompanied 
with  a  circumstance  not,  I  think,  to  be 
overlooked.  The  Marquis  de  Fenelon, 
(GabrielJacques  de  Salignac,)  who  was 
ambassador  in  Holland  under  Louis 
XV.  is  described  in  the  dictionary,  and 
in  Voltaire's  Si^cle  de  Louis  XIV.  as 
ihenephew  of  the  author  of  Telemachus. 
It  should  be  ^rea/-nephew ;  but  the 
historian  seizes  the  opportunity  (chap. 
38,)  to  add,  that  he  had  the  authority 
of  this  near  relative  of  the  accomplished 
archbishop  for  asserting  that  Pension, 
as  he  advanced  in  years,  had  regretted 
or  renounced  his  earlier  religious  feel- 
ing, and  quietly  subsided  into  in- 
difference or  calm  scepticism.  As  a 
proof  of  the  fact,  he  adduces  the  follow- 
ing lines,  parodied,  he  states,  from  a 
strophe  of  one  of  Lulli's  operas: 

*^  Jeune,  j'^tais  trop  sage, 
Et  voulais  trop  savoir  : 
Je  ne  veux  en  partage 

Que  badinage, 
Et  touche  au  dernier  kge, 

Sans  rien  prevoir.'* 

These  verses  he  affirms  were  written 
in  presence  of  the  Marquis,  who  had 
them  inserted  in  some  copies  of  the 
magnificent  edition  of  his  uncle's 
Telemachus,  which  he  published  at 
Amsterdam  during  his  embassy  to  the 
United  Provinces  in  1734.  But  the 
arch- infidel  unscrupulously  suppressed 
the  preceding  stanza,  so  consonant 
with  the  well-known  piety  of  the 
revered  prelate,  and  which  demon- 
strates that,  in  not  seeking  to  with- 
draw or  penetrate  the  veil  of  futurity, 
he  solely  meant  to  express  an  implicit 
resignation  to  the  will  of  heaven,  or  an 
humble  reliance  on  the  merits  and 
grace  of  his  Saviour.  To  transcribe 
the  withheld  strophe,  and  read  it  in 
connection  with  its  associate,  so  as  to 
complete  its  intent,  will  sufficiently 
expose  Voltaire's  malevolence,  and 
repel  his  imputation.  The  whole, 
therefore,  should  thus  stand,  and  will  be 
found,  when  unmutilated^  most  credi- 
table to  the  amiable  writer's  devotion  : 

**  Adieu,  vaine  prudence  ! 
Je  ne  te  dois  plus  rien  : 
Une  heureuse  ignorance 

Est  ma  science  : 
Jesus  et  son  enfance 

Est  tout  mon  bien. 


1843.] 


Madame  Dudevant, — ^he  Quarterly  Ueview. 


5^5 


**  Jeune,  j'6tais  trop  sage, 
Et  voulais  trop  savoir  : 
Je  ne  yeux  en  partage 

Que  badinage, 
Et  touche  au  dernier  Age, 

Sans  rien  pr^voir.' 


>» 


Voltaire's  correspondence  exhibits 
abundant  testimony  of  his  unprincipled 
devices  to  cast  obloquy  on  the  Christian 
faith,  by  ascribing  to  the  most  vene- 
rated names  posthumous  writings  in 
direct  opposition  to  their  professed 
opinions,  as,  in  this  instance,  he  has 
endeavoured  to  fasten  on  one  of  the 
ornaments  of  Christianity  the  foul 
reproach  of  hypocrisy. 

One  word,  a  parting  one,  at  least 
for  the  present,  with  the  biographical 
compilation,  may  not  be  unwelcome 
to  French  readers.  I  learn  from  it 
incidentally  that  the  female,  Madame 
Dudevant,  (see,  ante,  p.  585,)  who, 
probably  from  a  consciousness  that  her 
compositions  appeared  to  bear  more  the 
stamp  of  masculine  licence  than  of 
feminine  delicacy,  has  prefixed  to  them 
the  name  of  George  Sand, — under 
which  she  has  acquired  a  reputation,  if 
not  unrivalled,  certainly  unsurpassed 
in  the  direction  of  her  talents,— is  the 
descendant  of  the  hero  of  Fontenoy, 
Marshal  Saxe.  Her  maiden  name  was 
Dupin,  (Aurore,)  of  the  family  whose 
patronage  first  introduced  Rousseau 
into  Parisian  society,  (Gent.  Mag.  for 
August,  1841,  p.  140,)  and  her  grand- 
mother,  Aurore  de  Saxe,  was  the  il- 
legitimate daughter  of  the  renowned 
warrior,  himself  a  spurious  scion  of 
the  royal  Saxon  dynasty  of  Poland. 
She  was  educated  by  this  grand-parent, 
as  her  father,  Maurice  (so  called  after 
the  Marshal,  his  grandsire,)  Dupin, 
died  while  she  was  still  an  infant. 

In  1 841 ,  this  epicene  writer  published 
an  edition  of  Rousseau's  Confessions, 
a  work  truly  apposite  to  her  taste, 
and  most  suited  to  her  pen.  The  pre- 
liminary notice,  or  advertisement,  may 
be  compared  with  Madame  de  Stael's 
Letters  on  the  Character  and  Writ- 
ings of  the  same  eloquent  author, 
particularly  in  the  sixth  chapter  of  her 
essay.  Neither  of  these  ladies,  in- 
deed, seems  governed  by  strict  moral 
rule ;  for  even  the  latter,  by  far  the 
purer  or  less  indiscreet,  hesitates  not, 
in  her  second  chapter,  to  assert  of 
St.  Preux,  the  seducer  of  his  papil, 
Julie,  "Non,  Texenaple  de  St.  Preux 


n'est  point  immoral  1"  But  such  a 
declaration  from  the  authoress  of 
"  Delphine  "  can  cause  little  surprize. 

This  edition  of  Rousseau's  most 
popular  volume  has  been  reviewed  in 
the  last  number  (the  63rd)  of  the  Fo- 
reign Quarterly,  with  considerable 
ability,  and  great  fairness  of  judg- 
ment, although  1  could  easily  show 
that  the  article  includes  not  in  its 
details  a  fact  of  moment  unadverted 
to  in  the  foregone  columns  of  this 
Magazine.  And  when,  in  a  periodical 
"  likely  to  fall  into  some  French,  and 
many  foreign  hands,"  as  expressed  at 
page  233,  we  discover  an  error  even 
single,  yet  so  glaring  as  to  be  decisive 
of  the  reviewer's  imperfect  acquaint- 
ance with  his  author's  language,  and 
too  frequently  repeated  to  be  ascribed 
to  the  press,  the  merit  of  the  critique, 
as  well  as  the  boldness  of  undertaking 
it,  must  equally  strike  us.  In  pages 
22 — 24,  and  25,  we  meet,  on  four  or 
five  successive  occasions,  Contr&t 
Sociale,  where  a  circumflex  erroneous- 
ly surmounts  the  noun,  and  the  ad- 
jective is  made,  in  equal  error,  feminine. 
Such  faults,  trivial  as  they  may  appear, 
are  of  fatal  effect  and  conclusive  in- 
ference. What  would  be  thought  of 
a  scholar  guilty  of  such  solecisms, 
consciously  and  reiteratedl  v  committed, 
as  "pactum  sociaKs,"  or,  "i/  avvdrjKi] 
koivo>vik6sV'  Or  again,  of  the  pre- 
tensions to  the  knowledge  of  English, 
of  a  foreigner,  who,  speaking  of  a  King, 
should  say.  Her  Majesty,  in  literal 
translation  of  the  continental  idioms, 
where  the  dignity  not  the  person 
governs  the  gender,  as  "5»o  Majesty," 
"  Sua  Maesta,"  "  Su  Majedad,"  "Jhro 
Majestad,"  &c. 

In  a  subsequent  article,  Gustavus 
IV.  the  dethroned  King  of  Sweden,  is 
named  the  descendant  of  Charles  XII., 
who  left  no  offspring,  (p.  52,  &c.) 
Elsewhere,  {QQ,  ^7,)  one  million  of 
francs  is  translated  £A0QO,  in  place  of 
£40,000,  and  ten  millions  j^40,000, 
instead  of  ten  fold  that  sum.  The 
ch&teau  of  Madame  de  S^vigne's  son- 
in-law,  M.  de  Grignon,  on  the  Rb6ne, 
is  transported  to  the  Rhine, — with 
several  more  misprints ;  for  so  we 
may  view  them,  such  as  Nagent,  for 
Nogent,  (128,)  Pertfixe,  for  P^r^fixe, 
(134,)  &c. 

Yours,  &c.         J.  R, 


596 


Autograph  of  Rabelais. — Sir  B.  H*  Malkin, 


[Dec. 


AUTOGRAPH    OF   RABELAIS. 

Id  the  library  of  the  Sheffield 
General  Infirmary  is  an  edition  of 
Galen's  Works,  which  once  belonged 
to  the  celebrated  Rabelais,  more  gene- 
rally known  as  the  author  of  the 
famous  history  of  Pantagrucl  and  Gar- 
gantua,  but  whose  medical  attain- 
ments were  very  considerable.  The 
edition  is  in  five  Volumes,  published 
**  Venetiis,  in  iEdibus  Aldi  et  Andres 
Asulani  soceri,  mense  Aprili,  MDXXV. 

On  the  title-page  is  written  the 
name  Francois  Rabelais.  On  the  fly- 
leaf is  the  following  inscription  : 

**  Hos  quinque  Tomos  Galeni  Operum 
Lugdun.  Gal.  comparavi :  quos  e  libris 
celeberrimi  Rabelsesi  quondam  fuisse 
Autographum  testatur.  A.  C' 

And  in  the  same  hand, 

*'  Rabelsesus  Aphorismos  Hipp,  et  dein- 
ceps  Galeni  Artem  Medicam  frequent! 
Auditorio  Monspessuli  publice  enarrabat 
An.  1531. 

Vid.  Epist.  ejus  dedicat.  in  Aph.  Hip," 

A.  C.  was  Alexander  Cooke,  M.D. 
of  Ripon,  Yorksh.  the  sixth  son  of  Sir 
George  Cooke,  of  Wheatley,  near  Don- 
caster,  the  third  Baronet.  Dr.  Cooke 
died  in  1 757,  and  was  buried  at  Ark- 
sey  near  Doncaster. 

These  books,  together  with  a  num- 
ber of  others,  were  presented  to  the 
library  of  the  SheflSeld  General  In- 
firmary, in  the  year  1797,  by  the 
nephew  of  Dr.  Cooke,  George  Cooke, 
esq.  of  Streetthorpe,  near  Doncaster, 
who  added,  by  royal  license,  to  his 
paternal  name  the  nameof  Yarborough. 

Henry  Jackson. 
Si.  James's  Row,  Sheffield, 
July  25. 

SIR    B.    H.    MALKIN. 

THE  Free  Grammar  School  of  Bury 
St.  Edmund's  has  always  held  a  high 
place  in  academical  annals.  A  learned 
writer  in  the  Museum  Criticum,  years 
ago,  when  recording  the  death  of  the 
accomplished  editor  o( Matthi(B*s  Greek 
Grammar,  made  very  honourable  men- 
tion of  it,  as  a  foundation  "  which 
from  time  to  time  had  supplied  our 
universities  with  some  of  their  brightest 
ornaments."     We  were  not,  however. 


aware  until  very  lately — and  we  much 
doubt  whether  the  far-famed  founda- 
tions of  Eton  and  Westminster,  &c. 
can  say  as  much  for  themselves  just 
at  this  time — that  three  out  of  the 
twelve  Judges  now  upon  the  bench 
were  educated  at  Bury  School — ^Sir 
Edward  Alderson,  who  was  Senior 
Wrangler  and  Senior  Medalist  at 
Cambridge  in  1809,  Sir  John  Patteson, 
and  Sir  R.  M.  Rolfe.  To  these^  to  go 
further  back,  may  be  added  Archbishop 
Sancroft,  and,  in  later  days.  Dr. 
Blomfield,  the  present  Bishop  of 
London,  and  his  brother  Edward 
Valentine,  who,  by  his  remarkable 
and  varied  acquisitions,  together  with 
his  attainments  in  the  ancient  and 
modern  languages,  gave  promise  of 
becoming  the  "  Admirable  Crichton  " 
of  his  age ;  with  the  distinguished 
names  of  Romiily,  Kemble,  and  Mal- 
kin. In  a  charge  of  the  present 
Bishop  of  Calcutta,  he  alludes  at 
length,  and  in  honourable  and  graceful 
terms,  to  the  death  of  the  eldest,  and, 
perhaps,  in  all  respects,  the  most 
eminent,  of  Dr.  Malkin's  highly- gifted 
family* — Sir  Benjamin  Heath  Mal- 
kin : — 

"  Need  I  refer  again  to  another  name 
peculiarly  endeared  to  me  by  the  ties  of 
personal  affection,  who  was  cut  off  by 
sadden  disease  in  the  very  prime  of  life 
and  influence,  and  who  has  left  a  chasm 
proportionate  to  the  vast  space  he  filled 
in  our  religious  and  beneficent  designs. 
If  I  dwell  for  an  instant  on  bis  loss,  it  is 
only  that  I  may  bear  pubUc  testimony  to 
the  eminent  character  as  a  man  and  a 
Christian  of  my  beloved  Mend.  To  those 
who  knew  him  I  need  not  speak  a  word 
of  the  sagacity  and  soundness  of  his 
judgment,  his  sterling  integrity,  his  dis- 
interestedness, his  incredible  activity  and 
energy  of  mind,  and  his  zeal,  ever  con- 
trolled by  prudence,  in  the  advancement 
of  schemes  for  Native  education  and  im- 
provement. Indeed,  the  tablet  erected  to 
his  memory  records  these  public  virtues. 
But  his  faithfulness  in  friendship,  his 
sincerity  of  deportment,  and  his  tender- 
ness as  a  husband  and  a  father,  were  not 
less  remarkable  :  and  what  adds  the  finish 
to  his  character  and  to  our  regret  is,  that 
his  principles  and  conduct,  both  as  a  judge 
and  as  an  individual,  were  based  on  a  firm 


*  Sir  Benjamin  Malkin  was  Third  Wrangler  in  1818,  the  great  *'  Lefevre's  year.*' 
His  next  brother,  Frederick,  author  of  the  History  of  Greece,  was  the  first  Classic  of 

18^4. 


1843.] 


itETRospBctiVB  Review.— Roy*8  Satire. 


597 


belief  in  the  religion  of  Christ,  and  were 
sustained  and  adorned  by  punctual  daily 
prayers  with  his  household,  a  devout  at- 
tendance twice  on  the  Lord's  day  at  the 
public  worship  of  Almighty  God,  and  by 
that  steady  attachment  to  the  Church  of 
England  which  springs  from  i^diQiration 
of  her  polity,  and  faith  la  the  great  mys- 


teries  of   the  Gospel  which   she  incul- 
cates.'^ 

The  following  is  the  inscription, 
from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Macaulay,  in- 
scribed upon  a  tablet  in  the  Cathedral 
of  Calcutta : — 


**  This  Monument 
is  sacred  to  the  memory 
of 
SiB  Benjamin  Heath  Malkin,  Knight, 
One  of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Judicature, 
A  man  eminently  distinguished 
by  his  literary  and  scientific  attainments, 
by  his  professional  learning  and  ability, 
by  the  clearness  and  accuracy  of  his  intellect, 
by  diligence,  by  patience,  by  firmness,  by  love  of  truth, 
by  public  spirit,  ardent  and  disinterested, 
yet  always  under  the  guidance  of  discretion ; 
by  rigid  uprightness, 
by  unostentatious  piety, 
by  tiie  serenity  of  his  temper, 
and  by  the  benevolence  of  his  heart. 
He  was  bom  on  the  29th  of  September,  1797. 
He  died  on  the  Slst  of  October,  1837.'' 


RETROSPECTIVE  REVIEW. 


A  Satire  upon  Wolsey  and  the  Romish  Clergy,    By  William  Roy. 

Sine  anno  vel  loco,  pp.  144. 

(Continued  from  p.  4960 

J^ery,— Out  of  this  lyfe  they  did  hym  trymme 
Because  he  was  Goddes  servaunte, 

and  because  he  read  many  books  in  English,  and  worshipped  no  images,  SLjud 
v^ould  not  go  on  pilgrimages ;  but,  in  fact^  the  prelates  make  heretics  of  whom 
they  please.  The  summoners  (apparitors)  give  false  relations^  apd  so  do  the 
confessors,  who  are  obliged  to  be  unjust  if  they  will  obtain  station  and  honour 
from  the  Cardinal ;  for>  though 


Promocions  are  of  the  Kyngis  gyft, 
Jeff. — For  all  that,  he  maketh  soche  shyft 

That  in  his  pleasure  they  depende. 
Though  they  have  the  Kyngis  patent, 
Except  they  have  also  his  assent. 

It  tourneth  to  none  advauntage. 
His  power  he  doth  so  extende. 
That  the  Kyngis  letters  to  rende 

He  will  not  forbeare  in  his  rage. 

Wat. — This  is  a  grett  presumpcion. 
For  a  villayne  bocher's  Sonne 

His  authority  to  avaunce ; 
But  it  is  more  to  be  marveyled. 
That  noblemen  wil  be  confessed 

To  these  kaytives  of  miscreaunce. 

♦  •  •  • 


Wat. — Hath  Englonde  soche  stations 
Of  devoute  peregrinacions 

As  are  in  Fraunce  and  Italy  ? 

Jeff. — Seke  oute  londes  every-chone 
And  thou  shalt  fynde  none  so  prone 

As  Englonde  to  thys  ydolatry. 
Of  wholy  roodes  there  is  soche  a  sight, 
That  bitweene  this  and  mydnyght 

I  coulde  not  make  explicacion» 
Then  have  they  Ladies  as  many. 
Some  of  Grace  and  some  of  Mercy, 

With  divers  of  Lamentaoion ; 
Moreover  paynted  stockes  and  stones^ 
With  shrynes  full  of  rotten  bones. 

To  the  whichQ  they  make  obladon. 


Jeffery  then  mentions  the  goods  wasted  by  the  people  in  offerings  to  the 


598 


Retrosi*ecTive  Review. 


[Dec. 


shrines  of  the  saints.  Besides  London,  there  is  our  Lady  of  Wilsdon,*  who 
professes  great  miracles,  and  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury  ;  but  Wat  asks  how 
to  try  the  truth  :  that  the  clergy  say  that  these  miracles  are  done  by  these  dead 
saints.     Jeffery  says,  try  it  from  scripture. 


Wat, — They  saye  Scripture  is  so  diffuse 
That  laye-people  on  it  to  muse 

Shulde  be  never  the  better. 
It  is  no  medlynge  for  foles, 
But  for  such  as  have  bene  at  scholes, 

As  Doctours  that  be  graduate. 


Jej0^. — Wenest  thou  that  Peter  the  fyssher 
Understode  not  Scripture  clearlyer 

Then  the  Pharisaies  obstinate  ? 
Who  did  so  wilfully  resist 
Agaynst  the  receay?inge  of  Christ 

As  they  which  were  learned  ? 


If  the  Gospel  were  suffered  to  be  read  by  the  laity,  in  their  own  mother- 
tongue,  they  would  no  longer  make  superstitious  offerings  to  the  saints,  which 
is  an  ungodly  thing,  as  Jeffery  undertakes  to  prove. 


Fyrst  a  poure  man  of  farre  dwellynge, 
For  his  wyfe  and  children  labouringe, 

To  kepe  and  fynde  them  honestly ; 
Peraventure,  for  some  sickenes. 
Or  for  a  vowe  of  folisshnes, 

To  accomplishe  Satan's  institute ; 
Taketh  on  hym  a  farre  viage 
To  some  sayncts  shryne  or  ymage, 

Leavynge  his  houshoulde  destitute ; 
Which  often  tymes  do  mis-cary 
The  mean  while  that  he  doth  tary, 

Bestowynge  his  laboure  in  vayne. 
And  so  Goddis  commaundment  neglecte 
For  small  tryfles  of  none  effecte  ; 

It  were  best  to  break  these  images  in  pieces,  and  distribute  their  riches 
among  the  poor. 


They  put  theymselves  unto  payne. 
Secondaryly,  what  peevishness 
Is  it  to  honoure  with  ryches 

Of  deade  saynctes  the  bodies  ; 
Seyinge  that  whyls  they  here  lyved, 
From  riches  they  were  deprived, 

As  we  rede  in  their  storyes. 
Thirdly,  it  is  no  Christian  touche 
To  se  many  a  golden  ouche 

With  rynges  and  stones  preciously ; 
To  make  deade  saynctes  forto  shyne, 
Where  pouer  folke  for  honger  pyne, 

Dying  withoute  healpe,  petiously. 


ff^at. — Haw  !  to  that  dede  who  durst, 
Seynge  that  he  shulde  be  acourst. 

And  as  an  heretyke  reputed  ? 
Jef. — Let  theym  with  furiousness  swell, 
Coursynge  with  boke,  bell,  and  candell, 

Whyls  they  have  breath  for  to  speake ; 
Yet,  had  we  the  kynges  license. 
We  woulde,  withouten  diffydence, 

Their  golden  shrines  in  pieces  breake. 
Wai. — ^What    shulde   we    do  with  their 

ryches  ? 
Jef. — Geve  it  to  pouer  men  in  almes, 

To  whom  of  dut^  it  doth  longe. 
W. — The  saynctes  then  wolde  be  angry, 
Yf  that  we  shulde  be  so  hardy. 

Yet  Jeffrey,  in  spite  of  all  dangers,  prepares  to  take  away  all  the  decorations 
of  the  saints, — their  brooches,  rings,  and  ouches, — and  give  them  to  the  poor. 


Unlawfully  to  do  theym  wronge ; 
For  some  men  have  it  assay  de. 
When  saynctes  have  shrewedly  arayde, 

In  revengynge  their  injury. 
So  that,  by  an  whole  nyghtes  space 
They  were  fayne  to  kepe  one  place. 

The  dores  stondynge  open  apertly. 
J. — And  what  was  their  fynall  chaunce  ? 
W. — By  my  sothe,  in  an  hangynge  daunce, 

Their  necks  in  a  corde  to  preve. 
J, — Use  the  saynctes  eny  men  to  kyll } 
W, — No;   but  Ihey  make  theym  stonde 
still, 

Untill  they  be  taken  of  the  schereve. 


W, — ThouexceptestS.ChutbertofDuram, 
With  oure  Lady  of  Walsynghara, 
Also  our  Lady  of  the  Moorcf 
J, — God  beynge  our  direction. 
We  wolde  make  none  excepcion 


Agaynst  the  devils  enchauntments  : 
To  do  theyr  best  let  theym  not  spare, 
For  we  would  make  theym  full  bare 

Of  theyr  precious  oruamentes. 


Wat  says,  we  should  be  proclaimed  heretics. 


*  Willesdon  in  Middlesex. 

**  On  pylgrymage  then  must  they  go 

To  Wyiesdon,  Barkyng,  or  some  Halowe.*' 

t  **  The  Lady  of  the  Moore '» has  not  been  traced. 


1843.] 


Roy's  Satire  upon  Wolsey. 


699 


J. — Why  more  we  then  the  Cardinall  ? 
W. — He  attempteth  nothinge  at  all 

Soche  matters  in  his  bisshopryckes. 
J. — I  am  sure  thou  hast  heard  spoken 
What  monasteries  he  hath  broken, 

Without  theyr  fownders  consentes  ; 
He  subverteth  churches  and  chapells, 
Takyng  awaye  bokes  and  bells, 

With  chalesces  and  vestmentes. 
He  plucketh  duwne  the  costly  leades, 
That  it  may  rayne  on  saynctes  heades, 


Not  sparynge  God,  nor  our  Ladye. 
Where  as  they  red  service  devyne, 
There  is  grountynge  of  pigges  and  swyne, 

With  lowynge  of  oxen  and  kye. 
The  aulters  of  their  celebracions 
Are  made  pearches  for  henns  and  capons, 

Defoylynge  theym  with  their  durt : 
And  though  it  be  never  so  prophane, 
He  is  counted  a  good  Christiane, 

No  man  doynge  hym  eny  hurtt,  &c. 


Jeffery,  still  increasing  in  his  wrath  against  the  CardinaU  says, 

I  will  rehearce  a  brefe  oracion, 
Dedicate  unto  his  statlynes. 

As  a  specimen  of  which  two  stanzas  will  be  sufficient. 


O  perverse  preste,  patriarke  of  pryde, 
Mortherer  without  mercy,  most  execrable, 
O  beastly  brothell,  of  bawdry  the  bryde, 
Darlynge  of  the  devill,  gretly  detestable, 
Alas  !  what  wretch  wolde  be  so  venge- 
able,  [ment, 

At  eny  tyme  to  attempte  soche  impedi- 
To  brenne  Goddes  worde,  the  wholy  tes- 
tament. 

«  «  ♦  9|C  « 

Wat.  however,  stops  him. 

No  more,  for  oure  Lordis  passion  ! 
Thou  raylest  nowe  of  a  fashion, 
With  rebukes  most  despytous  ; 


O  paynted  pastoure  of  Satan  the  prophet, 
Ragynge  courre,  wrapped  in  a  wolves 
skynne,  [meete, 

O  butcherly  bisshop  !  to  be  a  ruler  un- 
Maker  of  misery,  occasion  of  synne, 
God  graunt  the  grace  now  to  begynne 
Of  thy  dampnable  dedes  to  be  penitent, 
Brennynge  Goddis  worde,  the  wholy  tes- 
tament. 


No  man  shall  these  wordes  advert. 
But  will  judge  theym  of  an  hert. 
To  procede  most  contumelious. 


Wat.  asks  who  played  the  part  of  Judas  to  betray  the  Gospel  in  England  ? 
To  which  Jeffery  answers. 


The  wholy  bisshop  of  Say  net  Asse, 

A  post  of  Satan's  jurisdiccion, 
Whom  they  call  Doctour  Standisshe,* 
Wone  that  is  neither  flesshe  nor  fysshe, 

At  all  tymes  a  common  Iyer. 
He  is  a  bablynge  questionist, 
And  a  mervelous  grett  sophist ; 

Som  tyme  a  lowsy  graye  fryer. 
Of  stomacke  he  is  fearce  and  bolde. 
In  brawlynge  wordes  a  very  scolde, 

Menglynge  vennem  with  sugre ; 
He  despyseth  the  trueth  of  God, 
Takynge  parte  rather  with  falsehod 

For  to  obtayne  wordly  lucre. 
In  carde-playinge  he  is  a  good  Greke, 
And  can  skyll  of  post  and  glyeke, 
*    Also  a  payre  of  dyce  to  trolle. 
For  whordom  and  fornicacions 
He  maketh  many  visitacions, 

His  diuces  to  pill  and  polle. 
Though  he  be  a  stoute  divyne, 


Yett  a  prest  to  kepe  a  concubyne 

He  them  admitteth  wittyngly ; 
So  they  paye  their  yearly  tributes 
Unto  his  dyvlisshe  substitutes. 

Official  or  commissary. 
To  rehearse  all  his  ly  vynge ; 
God  geve  it  yvell  chevyoge 

Or  els  some  amendment  shortly. 
TV. — Howe  did  he  the  Gospell  betraye  ? 
«A. — As  soone  as  ever  he  hearde  saye — 

That  the  Gospell  came  to  Englande, 
Immediately  he  did  hym  trappe, 
And  to  the  man  in  the  redde  cappe 

He  brought  hym  with  stronge  honde. 
Before  whose  proude  consistory, 
Bryngyng  in  false  testimony, 

The  Gospell  he  did  theare  accuse. 
W. — He  did  mo  persones  represent 
Then  Judas,  the  traytour  maJivolent, 

Whiche  betrayed  Christ  to  the  Jues,  &c. 


Jeflfery   then  says,  that  Standish  petitioned   the  Cardinal  to  repress    the 
reading  of  the  Gospel  by  the  people. 


*  Henry  Standisshe,  guardian  of  the  Franciscans,  and  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph  1518,  a 
zealous  favourer  of  the  Romish  religion,  and  one  of  king  Henry's  spiritual  counsellors. 


600 


Retrospbgtive  Revikw.— Roy's  Satire. 


[Dec. 


Wherfor  healpe  ns  now  or  els  never, 
For  we  are  undone  for  ever, 

Yf  the  Gospell  abroade  be  spred  ; 
For  then,  with  in  a  whyle  after, 
£very  ploweman  and  carter 

Shall  se  what  a  lyfe  we  have  led. 


Howe  we  have  this  five  hnndred  jwts 
Roffled  them  amonge  the  bryers 

Of  desperate  infidelity ; 
And  howe  we  have  the  worlde  broght 
Unto  beggery,  worsse  than  nought. 

Through  onr  chergeable  vanitd. 


The  Cardinal  answered  in  the  words  of  Pilate,  "  I  find  no  fault  therein." 
Howbeit,  the  Bishops  assembled  to  determine  what  was  best. 


Then  answered  bishop  Cayphas,* 
That  a  grett  parte  better  it  was 

The  Gospell  to  be  condemned ; 
Lest  their  vices  manyfolde 
Shulde  be  knowen  of  yonge  and  olde. 

Their  estate  to  be  contempned. 


The  Cardinall  then,  incontinent 
Agaynst  the  Gospell  gave  judgment, 

Saynge — **  to  orenne  he  deserved  ;*' 
Wherto  all  the  bisshoppes  cryed, 
Answerynge,  **  it  cannot  be  diverged. 

He  is  worthy  to  be  so  served/* 


Wat  threatens  these  unrighteous  priests  with  such  judgments  as  fell  on 
those  of  Rome,  to  which  Jeffery  adds  the  prophecy  of  Jeremiah  in  his  24th 
chapter. 


Howe  be  it,  I  will  me  hens  hye 
Wheare  as  the  Cardinairs  furye 

With  his  treasure  shall  not  get  me. 
W» — Is  this  prowde  Cardinal  rycher 
Then  Christ,  or  goode  Sayncte  Peter, 

To  avoid  these  evils,  Jeffery  says  he  will  fly  to  Constantinople^  and  Wat 
says. 


In  whose  roume  he  doth  succede  ? 
/. — ^The  bosses  of  his  mules  brydles 
Might  bye  Christ  and  his  disciples,. 

As  farre  as  I  coulde  ever  rede. 


I  will  gett  me  then  into  Wales, 
To  dwell  amonge  hilles  and  dales, 

With  folke  that  be  simple  and  rude ; 
J. — Come  not  there,  I  counsell  th^, 
For  the  prestes  their  simplicity 

Thorowe  crafteness  do  so  delude ; 
That  whosoever  is  so  herdy 
To  speke  agaynst  prestes  knavery, 

Jeffery  gives  him  two  concluding  pieces  of  advice  ifir8t,  to  beware  of  the 
outward  man  especially. 


For  an  heretyke  they  hjrm  take. 
Of  whose  miserable  calamite 
Under  the  speretual  captivit^^ 

I  will  heereafter  a  processe  make. 
W, — ^Then  I  will  go  into  the  realme 
Of  the  plenteous  londe  of  Beame,f 

In  the  cete  of  Prage  to  dwell. 


The  seconde  is,  yf  eny  reply, 
Brjmgyng  in  reasons  obstinatly 

Agaynst  that  why  eh  semethto  be  trewe ; 
Take  no  graduate  for  an  authoure, 
But  remitt  goode  Master  Doctoure 

To  the  Olde  Testament  or  Newe. 
And  yf  he  will  beare  th^  in  honde 
That  thou  canst  not  it  understonde. 

Because  of  the  difficult^ ; 


Axe  hym,  houe  thou  art  able 
To  understonde  a  fovned  fable 

Of  mere  crafty  subtilitd. 
W. — I  se  thou  knowest  tiieir  secretnes. 
J, — Ye,  I  coulde  in  theyr  very  lycknes 

Declare  theym,  yf  I  had  respyte. 
pr.— Well,  I  will  departe,— adue  1 
/. — Nowe  I  beseche  bur  Lorde  Jesu, 

To  be  thy  gyde,  daye  and  nyght ! 


Thus  ends  the  Poem.  In  the  last  page  of  the  book  there  is  a  woodcut  of  a 
black  shield,  surmounted  by  a  Papal  crown  and  cross  keys,  with  the  following; 
lines : 

Christ,  Goddes  Sonne,  borne  of  a  mayden  pobre, 

Forto  save  mankynd  from  heven  descended ; 
Pope  Clemente,  the  sonne  of  an  whoore. 

To  destroye  man  from  hell  hath  ascended  ; 

In  whom  is  evidently  comprehended 
The  perfett  mekness  of  oure  Saveoure  Christ, 
And  tyranny  of  the  murtherer  Antichrist. 


*  t.  e,  Cuthbert  Tonstall,  Bishop  of  London. 
5 


t  Bohemia. 


601 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


Diary  of  the  Times  of  Charles  II.  by 
the  Hon.  Henry  Sidney,  afterwards 
Earl  of  Romney,  including  his   Cor- 
respondence   with    the     Countess    of 
Sunderland,  and  other  distinguished 
persons  at  the  English  court ;  to  which 
are  added  Letters  illustrative  of  the 
Times  of  James  II.  and  William  III. 
Edited,  with  notes,  by  R.  W.  Blen- 
cowe,  Esq.  A.M.  2  vols,  8vo. 
THE  nobleman  whose  diary  is  here 
published  is  described  by  Burnet  as 
"  a   man   of  a   sweet  and   caressing 
temper,"  who  "  had  no  malice  in  his 
heart,  but  too  great  a  love  of  pleasure." 
Swift,    on   the   other   hand,   declares 
him  to  have  been  "  an  idle,  drunken, 
ignorant  rake,  without  sense,   truth, 
or  honour."     As  in  other  cases,  truth 
probably  lies  between  these  conflicting 
estimates  ;  but  at  any  rate  the  subject 
of  them  was  not  a  man  who  in  better 
times,  or   under  any  other  than   the 
most   fostering   circumstances,    could 
have  arrived  at  one  atom  of  distinction 
save  that  for  which  he  was  indebted 
to  the  accident  of  his  birth.      As  one 
of  the  chief  agents  in  the  Revolution  of 
1688,  Burnet  viewed  him  with  infinite 
favour ;    on   the  same  account  Swift 
regarded   him   with  the  extremity  of 
aversion  ;  and  if  there  be  any  good 
reason  for  the  publication  of  his  Diary 
it  must   be   found,    not  in  the  Diary 
itself,  which   is  almost  worthless,  but 
in  the  circumstance  that  the  employ- 
ment of  the  diarist  in  a  great  public 
business  made  him  a  person  of  a  little 
consideration,  in  spite  of  the  poverty 
of  his   intellect  and  the  licentiousness 
of  his  life. 

TheDiary  extends  from  1679  to  1682, 
and  is  for  the  most  part  a  mere  series 
of  memoranda  of  visits  paid  and  re- 
ceived, of  physic  taken,  of  dinners 
given,  of  towns  visited,  and  of  letters 
written  or  received,  with  occasional 
notes  of  foolish  tittle-tattle  about  pub- 
lic affairs,  neither  precise  enough  nor 
certain  enough  to  be  of  any  material 
use.  We  have  endeavoured  to  find  a 
passage  or  two  that  would  suit  our 
pages,  but  without  success. 
The  Correspondence  extends  through- 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XX. 


out  the  same  period  as  the  Diary,  and 
is  carried  on  for  a  few  years  after  it 
came  to  an  end,  for  the  pupose,  ap- 
parently, of  making  up  the  prescribed 
quant  ity  of  two  volumes  octavo.  Many 
of  the  letters  are  reprinted  from  Dal- 
rymple  and  other  sources ;  the  greater 
number  of  those  which  are  new  are 
from  the  well-known  Robert  Spencer, 
second  earl  of  Sunderland,  from  Anne 
his  countess,  or  from  Sir  William 
Temple.  The  earl's  letters  are  sad 
stuff,  such  as  a  weak,  inconstant  man, 
who  accommodated  himself  to  all 
changes  at  court,  and  clung  to  office 
until  excluded  by  the  suspicion  and 
dislike  of  all  parties,  might  be  expected 
to  write.  Sunderland  was  a  man 
of  and  for  those  times.  "Duplicity 
and  corruption,"  as  the  editor  remarks, 
"  were  the  order  of  the  day  ;"  and 
Sunderland  used  the  power  connected 
with  the  high  stations  in  which  he  was 
placed,  not  with  any  view  of  guiding 
or  purifying  the  feelings  and  opinions 
of  those  beneath  him,  but  merely  in 
compliance  with  the  depraved  general 
taste.  He  followed  the  multitude  to 
do  evil. 

His  wife  greatly  surpassed  him  in 
intellect,  but  itmay  be  doubted  whether 
she  was  in  any  respect  his  superior  id 
honesty.  She  was  too  clever  to  veer 
with  every  wind  as  her  husband  did  ; 
but,  unless  she  is  greatly  belied,  she 
was  one  of  the  most  accomplished 
hypocrites  that  ever  lived.  Her  cha- 
racter in  that  respect  is  a  perfect 
curiosity,  and  deserves  more  attention 
than  has  yet  been  bestowed  upon  it. 
If  Mr.  Blencowe  had  thrown  aside 
the  paltry  Diary,  and  the  earl's  com- 
mon-place epistles,  and  had  confined 
his  attention  to  this  lady,  and  her 
letters,  and  her  character,  alone,  we  are 
very  much  mistaken  if  he  would  not 
have  produced  a  book  which  would 
have  much  better  answered  both  his 
own  purpose  and  that  of  his  publisher 
than  the  one  now  before  us. 

The  countess  was  a  daughter  of 
George  Earl  of  Bristol,  and  inherited 
some  of  the  showy  fascinating  qualities 
of  her  father.    The  world  who  looked 

4H 


602 


Review.— Sidney's  Diary  and  Correspondence. 


[Dec. 


at  her  from  a  distance  was  loud  in  its 
admiration  of  her  beauty,  her  affability, 
and  her  piety,  and  even  good  men  like 
John  Evelyn,  who  was  intimate  with 
her,  echoed  the  general  opinion.  The 
present  editor  says,  that  "  Evelyn  had 
good  reason  to  speak  well  of  her,"  on 
account  of  the  hospitality  with  which 
"  she  treated"  him  and  his  son.  We 
have  a  better  opinion  of  Evelyn  than 
to  suppose  that  his  estimate  of  the 
general  character  of  any  person  would 
be  swayed  by  such  paltry  considera- 
tions. His  opinion,  whether  right  or 
wrong,  was  founded  upon  higher  and 
worthier  reasons.  But  what  said  the 
persons  who  were  her  equals  and  were 
better  acquainted  with  the  conduct  of 
this  "  seeming- virtuous"  lady  ?  They 
openly  accused  her  of  an  intrigue  with 
Henry  Sidney  the  present  diarist,  who, 
as  we  have  already  stated,  was  no- 
toriously a  loose- liver,  and,  although 
uncle  to  her  husband,  was  rather  an 
extraordinary  person  to  be  the  very 
intimate  acquaintance  of  a  lady  of 
exalted  piety.  Her  letters  to  Sidney 
now  published  are  written  in  a  strain 
and  tone  of  familiarity,  which,  although 
not  conclusive  upon  the  subject,  offers 
anything  but  a  contradiction  to  the 
accusation. 

The  Princess  Anne,afterwards  queen, 
described  the  countess  in  a  confidential 
letter  to  her  sister  Queen  Mary,  as  "  a 
flattering,  dissembling,  false  woman ; 

But,"  she  continued,  **  she  has  so 
fawning  and  endearing  a  way,  that  she 
will  deceive  any  body  at  first,  and  it  is  not 
possible  to  find  out  all  her  ways  in  a  little 
time ;  she  cares  not  at  what  rate  she 
lives,  but  never  pays  anybody.  She  will 
cheat  though  it  be  for  a  little.  Then  she 
has  had  her  gallants,  though  may  be  not 
so  many  as  some  ladies  here,  and  with  all 
these  good  qualities  she  is  a  constant 
chiu'chwoman,  so  that  to  outward  appear- 
ance one  would  take  her  for  a  saint,  and, 
to  hear  her  talk,  you  would  think  she  was 
a  very  good  Protestant,  but  she  is  as  much 
one  as  the  other,  for  it  is  certain  that  her 
lord  [who  had  then  turned  Romanist] 
does  nothing  without  her."     (II.  263.) 

In  a  subsequent  letter  the  same 
great  lady  says  of  the  countess,  that 

*'  She  plays  the  hypocrite  more  than  ever ; 
for  she  goes  to  St.  Martin's,  morning  and 
afternoon,  because  there  are  not  people 
enough  to  see  her  at  Whitehall  Chapel, 
and  is  half  an  hour  before  other  people 
eome,  and  half  an  hour  after  every  body 


is  gone,  at  her  private  devotions.  She 
runs  from  church  to  church  after  the 
famousest  preachers,  and  keeps  such  a 
clatter  with  her  devotions,  that  it  really 
turns  one's  stomach,*' 

remarked  the  princely  penwoman ;  add- 
ing a  sentence  which  is  a  very  pretty 
specimen  of  royal  cacography, 

*^  Sure,  there  never  was  a  couple  so  well 
matched  as  she  and  her  good  husband ; 
for,  as  she  is  throughout  in  all  her  actions 
the  greatest  jade  that  ever  was,  so  is  he 
the  subtillest  workinest  villain  that  is  on 
the  face  of  the  earth."     (II.  264.) 

Royal  witnesses  to  character  are 
often  very  bad  ones,  for  they  live  in 
an  atmosphere  of  deception,  and  are 
entirely  disabled  from  making  personal 
inquiries ;  but  the  princess's  evidence 
is  confirmed  by  Lord  Clarendon,  and 
the  two  together  raise  a  strong  suspicion 
that  Evelyn  was  deceived  by  an  ex- 
hibition of  pretended  good  qualities, 
which  in  all  probability  deceived 
many  other  persons  besides.  The 
editor  has  not  himself  determined  the 
question  of  this  lady's  sincerity,  and 
we  leave  it  for  some  future  inquirer. 

The  six  letters  of  Sir  William  Temple 
are  of  little  moment,  although  written 
in  the  terse  vigorous  style  in  which 
he  was  accustomed  to  express  himself, 
and  full  of  thoughtful,  statesmanlike 
advice. 

Two  of  the  letters  most  to  our  taste 
are  from  Sir  Robert  Southwell,  the 
President  of  the  Royal  Society,  to 
Evelyn,  soliciting  advice  and  com- 
municating information  as  to  his  plant- 
ing at  King's  Weston.  They  give  us 
the  history  of  many  of  the  fine  trees 
which  now  adorn  that  lovely  spot,  and 
if  we  had  space  we  would  extract  the 
long  narrative  of  the  agricultural  pro- 
ceedings of  this  "courtier  turned 
clown."  It  ends  with  an  account  of 
the  cider-mill  erected  on  the  banks  of 
the  Severn  by  "  one  Rogers,  a  learned 
famous  Quaker,"  which  may  be  in- 
teresting to  Gloucestershire  topogra- 
phers.    (II.  247.) 

Frequent  notices  of  the  introduction 
of  "  the  new  tea"  are  worthy  of  ob- 
servation, and  at  page  168,  vol.  I. 
the  editor  has  a  long  note  upon  the 
subject. 

The  following,  also,  deserves  to  be 
remembered  as  a  memorial  of  a  custom 
now  obsolete.  In  describing  a  marriage 
in  high  life  which  took  place  in  1680, 


1843.] 


Review. — Life  of  Dr.  Edmund  CarttorighU 


603 


the  writer  says,  "  One  thing  pleased : 
when  he  said,  '  with  all  my  worldly 
goods  I  thee  endow/  he  put  a  purse 
upon  the  book  with  200guineas  ;  every 
body  puts  somewhat,  but  this  is  the 
most  I  have  heard."     (II.  12.) 

The  editor  has  done  what  he  could 
with  his  materials.  He  has  prefixed 
a  readable  introduction,  and  added 
here  and  there  some  useful  notes  ;  but 
the  book  is  altogether  a  mistake.  It 
is  well  printed,  prettily  ornamented, 
and  reasonably  well  edited,  but  all 
that  is  in  it  that  is  calculated  to  make 
the  world  either  wiser  or  better  would 
not  fill  a  dozen  of  its  pages. 

Memoir  of  the  Life,  Writings,  8fc,  of 
Edmund  Cartwright,  V.D, 
AN  interesting  life  of  a  person  whose 
name,  we  fear,  was  too  rapidly  pass- 
ing away  from  the  recollection  of  the 
public,    notwithstanding    his    various 
talents  and  curious  mechanical  inven- 
tions.     E.    Cartwright  was  born    on 
24th  April  1743,  educated  in  the  Gram- 
roar  School  at  Wakefield,  when  four- 
teen years  of  age  entered  at  University 
College,  Oxford,  and  during  the  vaca- 
tion was  placed  under  the  care  of  Dr. 
Langhorne   the  poet,  from  whom  he 
imbibed  a  taste  for  the  art  which  his 
master  loved  and  practised,  and  which 
appeared   in  his  tale  of  Armine  and 
Elvira,   published  in  1770.     In  1772 
he   married  Alice,  youngest  daughter 
of  Mr.   Whitaker   of  Doncaster,  and 
resided   at  Brampton  in   Derbyshire. 
It   was    while  attending  his  parish- 
ioners  in  this  village   that  he   made 
the  discovery   of  a   remedy  of  yeast 
in  cases   of  putrid   fever,    and   con- 
cerning  the   efiScacy  of   which  some 
singular  examples   are   given    in  the 
present  work.     He   now  removed  to 
the    living    of  Goadby   Marwood   in 
Leicestershire  in  1779.  at  this  period 
contributing  to  the  Monthly  Review, 
and  amusing   his  leisure    by   experi- 
ments  in    agriculture.      In    1783    he 
became    acquainted    with     the    poet 
Crabbe,   who    had    moved    into   his 
neighbourhood,  and    they  kept  up  a 
correspondence  for  nearly  forty  years 
afterwards.      In  1784  Mr.  Cartwright 
visited    Matlock,  and,   becoming    in- 
terested in  the  progress  of  the  manu- 
factures in  that  place,  he  turned  his 
attention  to   the    subject  of  the  mO' 
chinery  employed  in  it ;  and  especially 


of  Sir   Richard   Artwright's  recently 
invented    method  for  spinning  cotton 
by  machinery ;  but,  as  spinning  cotton 
in   greater   quantities  than    could  be 
woven  would  occasion  its  exportation, 
Mr.  Cartwright  considered  that  treov- 
ing   might  also   be   practised  by  the 
means  of  machinery  ;  and  the  conse- 
quence of  this  was,  that  in  April  1785 
he  took  out  his  patent  for  the  power^ 
loom,  which  was  much    altered  and 
improved  by  him  in  1786,  1787,  and 
1790  :  from  these,  improvements  were 
suggested  in  1792,  and  secured  by  a 
fresh  patent  to  him.     In   1785  he  re- 
moved to  Doncaster,  and  visited  Man- 
chester in  the  hopes  of  having  his  ma- 
chine introduced  there  by  the  enter- 
prising manufacturers  of  that  town. 
Disappointed  in  that  expectation,  he 
set  up  a  machine  at  his  own  expense 
at  Doncaster,  containing  twenty  looms, 
for  muslin,  cotton,  and  sail-cloth.     In 
1789  he  set  up  also  a  steam-engine. 
In  1786  he  printed  a  new  edition  of  his 
poems,   and  invented   a  machine  for 
combing  long  wool,  for  which  he  ob- 
tained a  patent  in  1789 ;  thus  in  seven 
years   accomplishing  two    inventions 
which  promised  to   lead  to  extensive 
effects  on  the  commerce  and  manufac- 
tures  of  this  country.     In    179-  his 
cotton    looms    were    introduced   into 
Manchester  by  Messrs.  Grimshawe  of 
that  place,  to  the  number  of  400 ;  but, 
soon  after  the  building  was  completed, 
the  whole  was  burnt  to  the  ground, 
and  intentionally  destroyed.    No  other 
manufacturer  ventured  on  so  hazard- 
ous  an   experiment,   and  the    conse- 
quences    to     Mr.    Cartwright    were 
ruinous,  and  his  resources  nearly  ex- 
hausted ;  he  therefore  relinquished  his 
works  at  Doncaster  to  his  brother  in 
1793,  and  in  1796  removed  with  his 
family   to   London,    renting  a  small 
house  in  Marylebooe  Fields,  where  the 
Colosseum  now  stands.    He,  however^ 
took  out  another  patent  for  an   im- 
provement  in  the  art  of  making  bricks, 
to  which  Mr.  James  Wyatt  the  archi- 
tect  gave   great  encouragement.      la 
1797  he  took  out  a  patent  for  "  an  in- 
combustible substitute  for  certain  ma- 
terials used  in  constructing  dwelling 
houses,"  and  another  of  his  inventions 
was  "  a  method  for  applying  the  tread- 
wheel  to  the  working  of  cranes."    In 
this  year  also  his  first  patent  was  ob- 
tained for  £l  steam  engine,     H^  became^ 


G04 


Review. — Life  of  Dr*  Edmund  Car^wright. 


[Dec. 


about  this  time,  acquainted  with  Mr. 
Fulton,  who  was  projecting  his  steam 
navigation,  and  drawing  the  plan  of 
his  paddle  wheels,  and  who  also  com- 
municated to  Dr.  Cartwright  his  very 
ingenious  plan  for  a  bateau  plonger 
or  diving  boat,  which  attracted  so 
much  the  attention  of  Government  that 
Mr.  Fulton  received  a  certain  unknown 
sum  for  not  communicating  the  secret 
of  it  to  foreign  powers.  In  1801  he 
presented  a  petition  to  Parliament  for 
relief,  estimating  his  loss  of  fortune 
from  the  prosecution  of  his  mechani- 
cal inventions  at  30,000Z.,  and  re- 
questing a  patent  for  his  machine  for 
wool-combing,  which  was  given  him 
for  fourteen  years.  In  June  1801  he 
was  adjudged  a  prize  from  the  Board 
of  Agriculture  for  an  "Essay  on  Agri- 
culture ;"  in  the  same  year  he  entered 
into  an  engagement  at  Woburn,  under 
the  patronage  of  the  Duke  of  Bedford, 
which  he  continued  under  his  suc- 
cessor till  1807,  applying  his  time 
chiefly  to  subjects  connected  with  agri- 
culture. In  1803  he  was  adjudged  the 
silver  medal  from  the  Society  of  Arts 
for  a  three -furrowed  plough,  in  1804 
chosen  an  honorary  member  of  the 
board,  and  in  1805  received  the  gold 
medal  for  curious  experiments  on  the 
application  and  fertilizing  effects  of 
different  substances  used  as  manure, 
of  which  an  interesting  detail  is  given 
in  the  Appendix  to  the  present  volume. 
In  J 806  he  received  from  the  Board  a 
silver  medal  for  an  essay  on  the  culture 
of  potatoes.  In  the  same  year  he  took 
the  degree  of  D.D.  In  1807  he  pub- 
lished a  small  volume  of  letters  and 
sonnets  addressed  to  Lord  John  Russell, 
whose  character  and  attainments,  even 
at  an  early  age,  had  engaged  Dr.  Cart- 
wright's  admiration  and  esteem.  In 
the  Toliowing  year  a  grant  of  10,000/. 
was  made  on  the  part  of  his  Majesty's 
Qovernraent  to  Dr.  Cartwright  "  for 
the  good  service  he  had  rendered  the 
public  by  his  invention  of  weaving." 
Being  now  66  years  of  age,  and 
anxious  to  pass  the  remainder  of  his 
life  in  retirement  and  tranquillity,  he 
decided  on  settling  in  Kent,  and  pur- 
chased a  small  farm  at  Holianden, 
between  Sevenoaks  and  Tunbridge. 
At  this  place  he  spent  the  last  years  of 
his  existence,  amusing  himself  with 
various  experiments  in  agriculture, 
Qhemistry,  and  mechanics,  and  occu- 


pied to  the  utmost  of  his  ability  in 
promoting  the  welfare  of  his  fellow- 
creatures.  About  1809  he  communi- 
cated to  the  Board  of  Agriculture  an 
account  of  some  experiments  on  the 
effects  o(  sugar  in  fattening  sheep  ;  he 
corresponded  with  Sir  Stamford  Raf- 
fles on  the  introduction  of  seeds  and 
plants  from  the  East  into  England  ;  he 
also  made  experiments  on  the  use  of 
salt  as  a  remedy  for  the  mildew  on 
wheat ;  and  again  with  Sir  S.  Raffles 
on  the  ingenious  plan  he  proposed  for 
preventing  the  forgery  of  bank  notes, 
by  making  use  of  a,  paper  formed  from 
some  plant  in  China,  or  other  eastern 
countries,  and  for  preventing  the  ma- 
terial falling  into  other  hands  than 
those  of  the  Bank,  by  the  East  India 
Company  monopolizing  the  whole  of 
the  produce.  The  first  plant  proposed 
was  the  Menes,  or  Broussonettia  Papy- 
rifera  ;  but  Sir  S.  Raffles  suggested  the 
introduction  of  a  plant  discovered  in 
Nepaul  by  Dr.  Wallish — a  daphne, 
closely  allied  to  the  D.  Cannabina  of 
Loureira. 

In  18 19,  ever  actively  employed. 
Dr.  Cartwright  communicated  to  the 
Philos.  Mag.  (vol.  LIII.)  an  account 
of  a  locomotive  carriage  which  he  had 
constructed,  to  be  worked  by  human 
power.*^  In  1822,  be  mentions  in  a 
letter  to  a  friend,  that  he  had  entered 
in  his  80th  year ;  in  the  autumn  he 
visited  Dover  for  the  benefit  of  warm 
sea-bathing:  he  also  sent  to  the  Royal 
Society  a  paper  containing  "  a  New 
Theory  of  the  Planetary  System."  In 
1823  his  hitherto  robust  constitution 
began  to  show  symptoms  of  weakness ; 
but,  within  three  months  of  his  death, 
he  wrote  to  his  friend  Dr.  Pearson  an 
account  of  the  discovery  of  a  method 
of  working  an  engine  by  explosion  by 
gunpowder.  In  October  of  the  same 
year  he  removed  to  Hastings  for  change 
of  air  and  bathing ;  but  the  power  of 
life  was  rapidly  sinking,  and  he  ex- 
pired on  the  30th  of  October  1823. 
His  remains  were  interred  in  the 
church  at  Battle  in  Sussex.  We  can- 
not conclude  our  account  of  this  very 
clever,  amiable,  and  excellent  man 
without  a  slight  specimen  of  his  poeti- 
cal powers,  which  he   had  preserved 

■  I       -  -  ■ 

*  We  saw  several  of  these  in  use  this 
autumn  in  and  about  Dover,  going  with 
great  speed  and  safety  ^ 


1843.] 


Review. — The  Bride  of  Messina, 


605 


undecayed  and  uninluied  to  his  70th 
year.  To  his  friend  Dr.  Pearson  he 
addressed  the  following,  invitation  to 
his  house : 

4th  JUNE,  1812. 

For  one  short  day  the  world  forego, 
Its  noise,  and  cares,  and  follies  flee. 

That  short  unclouded  day  bestow 
On  friendship,  solitude,  and  me. 

For  you  my  Susan  shall  provide 
A  barn-door  fowl,  a  brace  of  fish, 

And,  what  was  once  old  England's  fare, 
Roast  beef  on  a  galvanic  dish. 

Though  with  no  costly  viands  graced. 
Disdain  not  then  my  board  to  share, 

Wine  suited  to  your  classic  taste 
Shall  compensate  for  homely  fare. 

The  TeTan  grape*s  nectarious  juice. 
That  once  Anacreon  quaffed,  is  mine  ; 

Were  mine  the  power  I  would  produce 
Anacreon's  wit  as  well  as  wine. 

And  yet  who  knows  what  wine  may  do  ? 

Wine  might  Anacreon's  wit  supply ; 
Tipsy,  he  might  have  rivalled  you, 

When  sober,  been  as  dull  as  I. 

He  also  wrote  the  following — 

BIRTH-DAY    SOLILOQUY    AT    SEVENTY. 

To  fame  and  to  fortune  adieu  ! 

The  toils  of  ambition  are  o'er  ; 
Let  folly  these  phantoms  pursue, 

I  will'  now  be  cheated  no  more. 

Resignation  be  mine  and  repose. 
So  shall  life  be  unclouded  at  last, 

And,  while  I  prepare  for  its  close, 
I  will  think  with  a  smile  on  the  past. 

Yet,  as  to  this  world  must  be  given 
Some  part  of  life's  limited  span. 

The  thoughts  that  ascend  not  to  heaven 
I'll  give  to  the  service  of  man. 

EQUAL  JUSTICE. 

If  such  criminal  acts  have  her  conduct  per- 
vaded, [degraded; 

As  are  charged  on  the  Queen,  let  her  e'en  be 

Yet  this  will  I  say— neither  treason  nor  slan- 
der— [the  gander. 

What  is  sauce  for  the  ^oo*«  should  be  sauce  for 

The   Bride   of  Messina:  by    Schiller. 
Translated  by  A.  Lodge,  Esq,   1841. 

"THIS  tragedy,"  the  translator  in- 
forms us,  "  was  one  of  the  latest  pro- 
ductions of  the  author,  and  remark- 
able as  the  declared  illustration  of 
his  matured  opinions  on  dramatic 
composition."  He  also  observes,"  that, 
as  a  purely  poetical  work,  it  stands 
alone  among  his  dramas,  that  it  con- 
centrates his  excellences,  and  evinces 
throughout  the  singularity  and  variety 


of  his  powers  ;"  while  the  subject  af^ 
fords  a  complete  scope  for  that  por- 
traiture of  the  gentler  affections  in  which 
Schiller  stands  unrivalled  among  his 
countrymen,  and  may  rank  with  the 
greatest  masters  of  ancient  or  modern 
times.  Of  the  choral  pieces  he  ob- 
serves that, 

*'  They  are  replete  with  those  charms 
of  sentiment  and  melody  which  dis- 
tinguish our  author's  minor  poems. 
They  are  equally  marked  by  luxuriance 
of  imagery,  and  by  a  lyrical  freedom  and 
variety  befitting  their  purpose,  as  accom- 
paniments of  the  action,  which  they  il- 
lustrate in  a  style  always  in  accordance 
with  the  subject,  and  sometimes  by  the 
loftiest  strains  of  a  serene  and  reflective 
wisdom.  The  poet  speaks  in  unison  with 
the  sublime  and  tender  moralist." 

But,  as  regards  the  purpose  and 
intent  of  the  chorus,  we  must  give 
Schiller's  own  language ;  and,  though 
the  quotation  is  rather  long,  the  reader 
will  be  repaid  by  the  justness  and 
weight  of  the  observations. 

**  The  old  tragedy  introduced  the 
chorus  as  an  essential  accompaniment.' 
The  poets  found  it  in  nature,  and  for  that 
reason  employed  it.  It  grew  out  of*  the 
poetical  aspect  of  real  lif^.  In  the  new 
tragedy  it  became  an  organ  of  art,  which 
aids  in  making  the  poetry  prominent. 
The  modern  poet  no  longer  finds  the 
chorus  in  nature;  he  must  needs  create 
and  introduce  it  poetically:  that  is,  he 
must  resolve  on  such  an  adaptation  of  his 
story  as  will  admit  of  its  retrocession  to 
those  primitive  times,  and  to  that  simple 
foim  of  hfe.  The  chorus  thus  renders 
more  substantial  service  to  the  modem 
dramatist  than  to  the  old  poet ;  and  for 
this  reason, — that  it  transfers  the  common- 
place actual  world  into  the  old  poetical 
one, — that  it  enables  him  to  dispense 
with  all  that  is  repugnant  to  poetry,  and 
conducts  him  back  to  the  simple,  primitive* 
and  genuine  motives  of  action.  The  poet 
must  re -open  the  palaces  of  kings,  he  must 
locate  courts  of  justice  ;  he  must  reproduce 
every  existence  which  the  artificial  form  of 
actual  life  has  abolished ;  throw  aside 
every  factitious  influence  on  the  mind  or 
condition  of  man  that  impedes  the  mani- 
festation of  his  wild  nature  and  primitive 
character,  as  the  statuary  rejects  modem 
costume,  and  of  all  external  circumstances 
adopt  nothing  but  what  is  palpable  in  the 
highest  of  forms— that  of  humanity.  But, 
precisely  as  the  painter  throws  around  bia 
figures  draperies  of  ample  richness  to  fil) 
up  the  space  of  his  pictures  nobly  and 


606 


Review. —  The  Bride  of  Messina* 


[Dec. 


gracefully,  to  arrange  its  several  parts  ia 
harmonious  masses,  to  give  due  play  to 
colour,  which  charms  and  refreshes  the 
eye,  and  at  once  to  envelope  human  forms 
in  a  spiritual  veil,  and  make  them  visible,— 
80  the  tragic  poet  arrays  and  contrives 
his  rigidly  constructed  plot,  and  the  strong 
outlines  of  his  characters,  with  a  tissue  of 
lyrical  magnificence,  in  which,  as  in  flow- 
ing robes  of  purple,  they  move  firmly  and 
nobly,  with  a  sustained  dignity  and  exalted 
repose.  The  chorus  is,  in  itself,  not  an 
individual  but  a  general  conception ;  yet 
it  is  represented  by  a  palpable  body,  which 
applies  to  the  senses  with  an  imposing 
grandeur.  It  forsakes  the  contracted 
sphere  of  the  incidents,  to  dilate  clearly 
on  the  past  and  future  over  distant  things 
and  nations,  and  general  humanity,  in 
order  to  deduce  the  grand  results  of  life, 
and  pronounce  the  lessons  of  wisdom. 
It  is  this  that  gives  repose  to  the  action  ; 
it  is  by  holding  asunder  the  different 
parts,  and  stepping  between  the  passions 
with  its  composing  voices,  that  the  chorus 
restores  us  to  our  freedom,  which  would 
else  be  lost  in  the  tempest.  The  cha- 
racters of  tragedy  themselves  need  this 
intermission,  in  order  to  collect  them- 
selves, for  they  are  no  real  beings  who 
obey  the  impulse  of  the  moment,  but 
ideal  persons  and  representatives  of  their 
species,  who  enunciate  the  deep  things 
of  humanity.*' 

In  the  general  justice  of  these  re- 
marks, so  well  expressed  and  carefully 
guarded,  we  entirely  agree  ;  nor  do  we 
quite  understand  the  objection  raised 
by  the  translator,  when  he  says, 
"  The  distinction  which  he  alleges  be- 
tween the  chorus  as  one  ideal  person, 
and  the  individuals  of  whom  the  ab- 
straction is  composed,  partakes  of  ex- 
cessive refinement,"  &c.  Now  what 
we  understand  the  poet  to  say  in  the 
words  "  that  the  chorus  in  itself  is  not 
anindividual  but  a  general  conception," 
is  equivalent  to  this — the  chorus  is 
not  the  representative  of  one  wise  or 
good  man,  but  wisdom  and  goodness 
in  a  general  or  abstract  sense  ;  yet  this 
abstraction  is  represented  in  living 
characters,  because,  in  this  form, 
more  effect  is  produced  on  the  senses 
and  imagination,  than  by  the  pure 
ideal  or  abstract  notion.  A  certain 
number  of  men  venerable  for  age  and 
wisdom  form  a  more  effectual  chorus 
than  an  abstract  or  allegorical  figure, 
as  "Wisdom"  itself;  but  we  agree 
with    the   translator,   that,   in  many 


parts,  the  author  has  entirely  lost  sight 
of  his  own  interpretation  of  the  design 
of  the  chorus,  and  has,  to  our  minds, 
much  weakened   and   even  destroyed 
its  effect,  by  making  it  not  only  par- 
ticipate  in   the  feelings    but  share  in 
the  action  of  the  drama.     Thus  the 
chorus  loses  its  dignity,  and  we  our 
confidence  in  it ;  for  to  the  voice  of 
the  chorus,  representing  as  it  does  the 
eternal  and  inevitable  decrees  of  justice 
and  truth,  the  certain  punishment  of 
vice  in  its  own  misery,  and  the  final 
reward   of  virtue;  to   that  voice   we 
turn   amidst   the   conflict   of    human 
passions,   and  the  entangled  mist  of 
human   calamities,  as  our  beacon  of 
light  and    safety,   rising    calm    and 
serene  amidst  the  bewildering  tempest 
of  misery  with  which  it  is  surrounded. 
Regarding  the  subject,  and  the  treat- 
ment of  it  in  this  play,  the  translator 
has  quoted  the  opinion  of  the  **  Spec- 
tator," but  of  which,  as  we  do  not 
find  ourselves  in    harmony  with  the 
critic,  we  shall  forbear  to  speak,  and 
only  add  that,  not  having  by  us  at  this 
time  a  copy  of  the  original,  we  are  not 
able  to  speak  of  the  fidelity  of  the  ver- 
sion ;  at  the  same  time  that  we  give 
our  cordial  concurrence   to   the  plan 
which    the    translator    has   pursued, 
"  not  to  give  a  close  version  of  the 
author's  language,  but  rather  such  a 
transcript  of  his  thoughts  as  might  be 
animated  by  a  portion  of  his  spirit, 
and  wear  a  certain  air  of  originality  :" 
and  we  are  well  assured  that  "  literal 
translations,    when    in     metre,     can 
afford  no  pleasure  ;  they  are  scarcely 
read  with  patience,  and  of  all  others 
bear    the    least    resemblance   to   the 
pattern."     In  the  arrangement  of  the 
story  and  structure  of  the  plot  of  this 
play   there   is  much  to   praise,    and, 
perhaps,  nothing  to  object  to,  but  that 
it  bears  too  closely  on  the  unavoidable 
destiny,  or  fate,  of  the  ancient  drama; 
but  the  progress  of  the  fable,  deepening 
from  crime  to  crime  and  woe  to  woe, 
is  well  conducted ;  in  which  every  step 
becomes  more  fatal  and  ultimate  deliver- 
ance more  hopeless,  till  we  feel  that 
for  such  complicated  afiSiction,  such  a 
laceration  of  all  the   ties   of  nature, 
such    a    violation   of  all    the    sanc- 
tities   of   the    heart, — ^there    can    be 
no  escape  for  its  entangled   victims^ 
no  condonation    allowed   by   the  in* 


1843.] 


Review. — The  Bride  of  Messina, 


007 


suited  earth, —  no  refuge  but  the 
eternal  oblivion  of  the  grave.  The 
story  is  laid  in  Messina:  Don  Isabella, 
the  princess,  is  the  mother  of  Don 
Manuel  and  Don  Caesar.  Beatrice  is 
their  sister,  the  secret  of  whose  birth 
and  existence  is,  however,  unknown 
to  them.  The  story  opens  in  the  re- 
conciliation of  the  brothers,  after  a 
long  series  of  "  fraterna  odia."  It 
appears  that  before  the  birth  of 
Beatrice  her  father  dreamt  that 


i< 


-If  I  a  daughter  bore, 


The  murd'ress  of  his  sons,  the  destined  spring 
Of  ruin  to  our  house,  the  baleful  child 
Should  see  the  light." 

He  accordingly  "  Spoke  the  dire  be- 
hest of  death."  The  mother  received 
her  innocent  babe, — it  was  taken  from 
her,  and  brought  up  in  a  spot  chosen 
by  stranger  hands,  until  the  death  of 
the  father,  when  the  mother  endea- 
vours to  discover  the  place  of  her 
daughter's  retreat,  and  to  recover  her 
long- lost  child.  In  the  mean  time, 
Don  Manuel  had  seen  her  accidently 
when  hunting,  discovered  her  re- 
treat, gained  her  affection,  and  had 
her  brought  secretly  to  Messina,  in 
preparation  for  the  acknowledgment 
of  her  as  his  bride.  But  Don  Caesar, 
his  brother,  had  also  seen  her  at  his 
father's  funeral  rites,  which  she  at- 
tended by  stealth,  and  became  ena- 
moured of  her;  had  sent  a  messenger 
to  find  out  her  retreat,  and  discovered 
her  in  the  Convent  of  the  Carmelites 
at  Messina.  His  intention  also  is  to 
make  her  his  princess  :  unexpectedly, 
however,  visiting  her,  he  finds  her  in 
the  embrace  of  Don  Manuel,  whom  hfe 
instantly  stabs  to  death  ; — then  comes 
an  interview  with  the  mother,  in  which 
he  is  informed  that  Beatrice  is  his 
sister.  The  last  scene  is  the  only  one 
which,  perhaps,  may  offend  the  deli- 
cacy of  the  mind,  in  the  passion  and 
jealousy  of  the  lover,  still  surviving  in 
the  brother ;  and  when  Don  Felix 
kills  himself,  the  impression  on  our 
mind  is,  that  it  is  more  owing  to  his 
disappointed  affection,  and  blighted 
love,  than  remorse  for  the  guilt  of  the 
penitent  homicide  :  if  it  is  so,  it  is  so 
far  a  defect ;  for  our  feelings  must  not 
be  excited,  nor  our  affections  engaged, 
in  any  cause  in  which  injured  nature 
is  crying  to  us  for  the  violation  she  suf- 
fers ;  no  skilfulness  of  the  poet  in  mas- 
tering the  difficulty,  and  no  compara- 


tive success  in  concealing  the  offensive- 
ness  of  the  guilty  passion,  can  repay 
us  for  the  unpleasing  effect  of  the 
scene  on  our  moral  feelings.  We  must 
now  give  a  short  specimen  or  two, 
which  may  do  justice  to  the  trans- 
lator's powers  in  the  execution  of  his 
pleasing  task ;  and  we  are  bound  in 
justice  to  say,  that  his  translation  is 
throughout  distinguished  for  the  poeti- 
cal beauty  of  the  language*  and  the 
elegance  of  the  versification ;  he  has 
shewn  an  artist-like  care  and  attention 
in  his  expression ;  and  in  the  choral 
parts,  overcome  much  difficulty  in 
making  them  agreeable  to  an  English 
ear. 

Chorus  (P.  32.) 

**  Lovely  is  Peace !  a  beauteous  boy. 

Upon  the  streamlet's  verdant  shore. 
Cradled  in  rural,  calm  tranquillity. 
He  views  the  lambs  that  skip  with  innocent 
joy. 

And  crop  the  meadows  flow*ry  store. 
Then  with  his  flute's  enchanting  sound 
He  wakes  the  mountain  echoes  round, 
Or  slumbers  in  the  sunset's  ruddy  sheen^ 

Lull'd  by  the  murmuring  melody. 
But  War  for  me  1  my  spirit's  treasure. 
Its  stem  delight,  and  wilder  pleasure ; 

1  love  the  peril  and  the  pain, 
And  revel  in  the  surge  of  Fortune's  boisterous 


main. 


A  SECOND. 


"  Is  there  not  Love,  and  Beauty's  smile, 
That  lures  with  soft  resistless  wile  ? 
'Tis  thrilling  hope !  'tis  rapturous  fear ! 
'Tis  Heaven  upon  this  mortal  sphere  1 
When  at  her  feet  we  bend  the  knee, 
And  own  the  glance  of  kindred  ecstacy. 

For  ever  on  life's  chequer'd  way 
'Tis  Love  that  tints  thedark'ninghuesof  Care; 

With  soft,  benignant  ray. 
The  mirthful  daughter  of  the  wave. 

Celestial  Venus,  ever  fair, 
Enchants  our  happy  spring  with  Fancy's  gleam^ 
And  wakes  the  airy  forms  of  Passion's  golden 
dream." 

A  THIRD. 

**  Nor  on  the  wat'ry  waste,  alone. 

Of  the  tumultuous  heaving  sea — 
On  the  firm  earth,  that  sleeps  secure, 

Bas'd  on  the  pillars  of  eternity, 
Say,  when  shall  mortal  joy  endure? 

New  bodings  in  my  anxious  breast, 
Wak'd  by  this  sudden  ftiendship,  rise. 

Ne'er  would  I  choose  my  home  of  rest 
On  the  lava's  bed,  that  stiU  and  cold 
Beneath  the  mountain  lies. 


-My  every  thought 


Shall  still  be  hers;   so  come  along,  my 

friendst 

is,  perhaps,  an  exception, — perhaps  the 
only  one. 


60S 


Review. — Neale's  Hierologus, 


[Dec- 


Not  thus  was  Discord*s  flame  controll'd— 

Too  deep  the  rooted  hate,— too  long 
They  brooded  in  their  sullen  hearts 

O'er  unforgotten  treasur'd  wrong. 
In  warning  visions  oft,  dismayed, 

I  read  the  signs  of  coming  woe, 
And  now  from  this  mysterious  maid 

My  bosom  tells  the  dreaded  ills  shall  flow  : 
Unblest,  I  deem,  the  bridal  chain 

Shall  knit  their  secret  loves,  accurst, 
"With  holy  cloister's  spoil  profane. 

No  crooked  paths  to  virtue  lead, 

111  fruit  has  ever  sprung  from  evil  seed." 
And  thus  to  sad  unhallow'd  rites 

Of  an  ill-omen'd  nuptial  tie 
Too  well  ye  know  their  father  bore 

A  bride  of  mournful  destiny. 
Torn  from  his  sire,  whose  awful  curse  has  sped 
Heaven's  vengeance  on  the  impious  bed, 

This  fierce  unnatural  rage  atones 
A  parent's  crime— decreed  by  Fate, 
Their  mother's  oflfspring.  Strife  and  hate,  &c. 

As  a  specimen  of  the  narrative,  we 
will  give  the  discovery  of  Beatrice  by 
Don  Manuel  (p.  25.) 

The  spell  is  broke. 
And  all  shall  be  reveal 'd.    Now  list  my  tale. 
'Tis  five  months  flown — my  father  yet  controll'd 
The  land,  and  bowed  our  necks  with  iron  sway. 
Little  I  knew  but  the  wild  joys  of  arms. 
And  mimic  warfare  of  the  chace. 

One  day. 
Long  had  we  track'd  the  boar  with  zealous  toil 
On  yonder  woody  ridge ;  it  chanced,  pursuing 
A  snow  white  hind,  far  Irom  your  train  I  rov'd 
Amid  the  forest  maze.    The  timid  beast 
Through   rocky  clefts  and  thick    entangled 

brake 
Flew  onwards,  ever  in  my  sight,  nor  distant 
Beyond  a  javelin's  throw ;  nearer  I  came  not. 
Nor  took  an  aim;  when  through  a  garden's 

gate  [springing. 

Sudden  she  vanish 'd.    From  my  horse  quick 
1  follow'd— lo  !  the  poor  scar'd  creature  lay 
Stretch'd  at  the  feet  of  a  young  beauteous  nun 
That  strove,  with  fond  caress  of  her  fair  hands, 
To  still  its   throbbing  heart-    Wondering  I 

gaz'd, 
And  motionless ;  my  spear,  in  act  to  strike. 
High  pois'd ;  while  she  with  her  large  piteous 

eyes 
For  mercy  sued ;  and  thus  we  stood  in  silence. 
Regarding  one  another. 

How  long  the  pause 
I  know  not— time  itself  forgot,  it  seemed 
Eternity  of  bliss.    Her  glance  of  sweetness 
Flew  to  my  soul,  and  quick  the  subtle  flame 
Pervaded  all  my  heart ;  but  what  I  spoke. 
And  how  this  blessed  creature  answer'd,  none 
May  ask :  it  floats  upon  my  thought— a  dream 
Of  childhood's   happier  dawn.    Soon  as  my 

sense 
Returned,  I  felt  her  bosom  throb  responsive 
To  mine ;  then  fell  melodious  on  my  ear 
The  sound  as  of  a  convent's  bell,  that  call'd 
6 


To  vesper  prayers  j  and,  like  some  shadowy 

vision 
Dissolving  into  air,  sudden  she  vanish'd. 
Nor  left  a  trace  behind. 

It  will  be  seen,  even  by  these  very 
short  extracts,  (too  short  to  be  satis- 
factory, but  all  we  could  afford,)  that 
the  translator  has  performed  his  task 
with  success ;  that  he  has  presented 
to  us  a  masterpiece  of  the  German 
drama,  in  such  manner  as  reflects 
its  beauties  clearly,  and  much  in  the 
spirit  in  which  they  were  created ;  and 
that  he  has  shown  that  he  himself 
possesses  the  poetical  talent  and  taste 
which,  we  hope,  will  show  itself  in 
some  original  creations.  Our  business 
has  been  the  English  translation,  not 
the  German  play  ;  but  with  regard  to 
that,  both  in  conception  and  execution, 
and  on  the  general  system  on  which 
dramas  of  the  same  kind  are  founded, 
we  think  much  might  be  said  to  ad- 
vantage, but  which  we  have  neither 
leisure  nor  sufficient  acquaintance  with 
the  whole  dramatic  system  developed 
in  Germany,  to  execute. 

Hierologui,  or  the  Church  Tourists,  By 
Rev,  S.  M.  Neale. 

A  PLEASING  and  instructive  little 
work,  written  by  a  man  of  taste,  learn- 
ing, and  piety.  The  work  is  shaped 
in  the  form  of  a  dialogue,  occasionally 
interspersed  with  poetical  pieces  of 
much  merit ;  and  at  the  head  of  the 
chapters  are  little  vignettes,  contain- 
ing views  of  sacred  buildings  or  of 
scenery.  The  purport  of  the  volume 
is  to  point  out  some  of  the  most  re- 
markable of  the  churches  in  England, 
and  to  show  the  different  styles  that 
pervaded  different  localities  ;  while  the 
form  in  which  it  is  composed  enables 
the  author  to  diverge  occasionally 
from  his  main  purpose,  and  discuss 
other  points  connected  with  ecclesi- 
astical buildings,  usages,  and  the  es- 
tablishment ;  or  not  seldom  to  express 
his  admiration  of  the  beauties  which 
nature  in  her  varying  aspects  as- 
sumes, when  she  lavishes  on  the  works 
of  the  earth 

**  The  pomp  and  prodigality  of  Heaven," 

Among  the  interesting  subjects  dis- 
cussed, we  should  remark  that  in 
which  the  reason  is  considered  why 
marshy  tracts  (such  as  parts  of  Lin- 
colnshire,  Cambridgeshire,   &c.)   ge- 


1843.] 


Review.— Neale's  Hierologus, 


609 


nerally  produce  the  finest  churches, 
(vid.  p.  13;)  nor  could  we  omit  the  cu- 
rious, though  somewhat  overstrained, 
observation,  on  the  manner  in  which 
the  Church's  CMrsc  on  tacrilege  has 
been  fulfilled  in  families  ;  and  from 
which  we  will  give  an  extract ;  only  ob- 
serving that,  if  in  the  following  sentence 
the  author  alludes  to  the  Bedford  fa- 
mily,  we  cannot  trace  any  thing  in 
their  fortunes  much  difi^ercnt  from  the 
common  and  mutable  lot  of  mortality; 
for  if  they  have  had  trials,  and  sor- 
rows, and  misfortunes,  they  also  have 
had  unexpected  accession  of  prospe- 
rity and  wealth  ;  if  some  of  the  pos- 
sessors or  heirs  of  these  princely  es- 
tates have  descended  early  to  the 
grave,  others  have  also  been  seen, 
who  have  worn  the  ducal  coronet  even 
to  grey  hairs  and  an  extended  life  : 
therefore  we  can  scarcely  be  inclined 
to  say  with  the  author,  "  Of  the  fa- 
milies enriched  with  abbey  spoils,  at 
the  Reformation,  one  only — so  far  as 
1  can  remember — makes  any  figure 
at  the  present  day,  and  that  family 
has  met  with  a  series  of  strange  and 
unnatural  judgments  from  generation 
to  generation."  The  following  ex- 
tract, however,  on  the  same  subject  is 
curious : 

"  And  fearfully  have  these  curses  (that 
is,  the  curses  denounced  at  the  dedica- 
tion of  a  church  against  sacrilegious  viola- 
tions of  it)  been  fulfilled';  how  fearfully, 
let  Sir  Henry  Spelman  tell  in  his  History 
of  Sacrilege ;  nor  has  the  curse  lost  its 
force  since  his  time.  Almost  in  the  case 
of  every  abbey  or  even  petty  cell,  you 
may  trace  this.  I  was  looking,  the  other 
day,  at  a  notice  of  Breadsall  Priory,  in 
Derbyshire,  a  house  of  Austin  monks, 
and  valued  at  its  dissolution  at  only 
10/.  17».  ^d.  It  struck  me  as  a  fearfiU 
instance  of  God's  judgments  against 
church  spoilers,  and  I  made  a  note  of  its 
possessors.  It  was  granted  in  1553  by 
Edward  VI.  to  Henry,  Duke  of  Suflfolk— 
?te  was  beheaded  for  high  treason  in  the 
same  year,  1553.  He  conveyed  it  to  Sir 
Thomas  Babington ;  the  family  was  then  ce- 
lebrated, and  of  county  influence.  It  is  now 
extinct.  In  1557  it  passed  to  the  Hutcbin- 
sons;  in  1571  to  the  Leakes;  the  family 
is  extinct.  From  them  to  Sir  John  Bent- 
ley,  who  died  without  heirs  male;  from 
him  to  Sir  G.  Cutler,  who  died  without 
heirs  male ;  from  him  to  Sir  E.  Moseley, 
wliose  son  died  without  heirs  male ;  from 
him  to  Sir  E.  Moseley  of  Hulme,  who 
died  without  heirs  male ;  from  him  to  Sir 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX, 


John  Bland,  whose  son  in  1702  sold  it  to 
Mr.  Seacroft;  who,  in  1703,  sold  it  to  Mr. 
Greensmith ;  from  whose  family  in  1788  it 
passed  to  the  Beards  ;  who  sold  it  in  1799 
to  J.  Darwin,  esq.  yvYiodied  almost  imme^ 
diatelt/f  and  left  it  to  his  father,  the  cele- 
brated Dr.  Darwin,  who  died  there  in 
1803.  Think  of  this  rapid  succession  of 
families, — thirteen  in  two  hundred  and 
fifty  years, — and  notice  the  constant 
failures  of  heirs  male,  and  then  remember 
the  curses — '  Oh  1  my  God  1  let  them  be  as 
a  wheel,  and  as  the  stubble  before  the 
wind  1'  and  again,  '  In  the  next  generation 
let  his  name  be  clean  put  out.'  " 

At  p.  54  are  some  sensible  remarks 
on  the  transition  from  Saxon  to  Nor- 
man architecture;  at  p.  64  on  the 
crosses  on  Monuments ;  at  p.  193  on 
the  symbolism  pervading  Christian  Ar- 
chitecture ;  p.  214,  on  Pues;  p.  216, 
on  the  geography  of  Ecdesioloyy  in 
England ;  p.  244,  on  the  remarkable 
bend  which  some  Chancels  (as  that  of 
Eastbourne)  make  toward  the  south, 
signifying  "  the  inclination  of  our 
Saviour's  Head  on  the  Cross."  And 
lastly,  at  p.  293,  on  Lychnoscopes  in 
churches,  and  their  purpose.  We  have 
had  room  only  to  mention  a  few  of 
the  subjects  treated  of;  but  the  reader 
should  use  us  only  as  a  guide,  who  is 
to  lead  him  to  the  volume  itself,  which, 
a  little  enlarged  and  improved  in  a 
second  edition,  would  make  a  valuable 
and  delightful  work  on  the  ecclesiastical 
antiquities  of  the  country,  while  the 
knowledge  that  is  imparted  is,  as  all 
knowledge  should  be,  the  dutiful  and 
diligent  secretary  recording  gratefully 
the  works  of  piety  and  reverential 
love,  which  founded  and  adorned 
those  mansions  erected  to  the  glory  of 
God,  and  of  which  the  majority  has 
been  desecrated  to  the  purposes  of 
man.* 


The  Hexaplar  Psalter.     Tke,  Book  of 
Psalms,  Hebrew,   Greek,  Latin,  tmd 
English,    4to.  34  sheets,  unpaged. 
PRINCIPAL  CAMPBELL,  in  his 

celebrated  Lectures,  sets  before  his 

*  In  his  poetical  words  from  the  East- 
Anglian  Vocabulary,  the  author  should  not 
have  overlooked  **  Sibberidge,  or  Sibbrit,** 
used  by  the  peasantry  for  the  banns  of 
marriage ;  nor  **  mavis*'  for  the  "  thrush  ;* 
nor  «*  King  Harry  "  for  the  "  goldfinch," 
for  his  splendid  and  variegated  plumage ; 
and  others  we  could  enumerate. 

41 


610 


RETiEW.i— !Z%tf  Hexaplar  Psalter. 


[Dec. 


hearers  the  advantage  of  habituating 
themselves  to  the  Scripture  idiom,  by 
regularly  having  recourse  to  the  ori- 
ginal, though  it  be  but  a  small  portion 
that  is  read  at  a  time.  "The  portion 
of  the  Old  Testament  (he  goes  on  to 
say)  which  you  first  read  in  Hebrew, 
I  would  have  you  next  carefully  peruse 
in  Greek,  in  the  Septuagint  translation. 
Nothing  can  be  of  greater  consequence 
for  forming  the  young  student  to  a 
thorough  apprehension  of  the  style  of 
the  New  Testament.  And  it  may  be 
worth  his  while  to  remark  the  most 
considerable  differences  in  these  two 
principal  exemplars  of  the  Old.  When 
he  is  puzzled  as  to  the  literal  or  gram- 
matical sense,  he  may  recur  to  some 
other  translation  either  into  Latin  or 
any  modern  language  which  he  hap- 
pens to  understand.  This,  for  the  be- 
ginner, is  a  much  better  method  than 
to  recur  to  commentators.  To  canvass 
the  reasonings  of  the  latler  belongs  to 
maturer  age,  and  is  proper  only  for 
those  who,  to  adopt  the  style  of  the 
Apostle,  have,  by  reason  of  use,  their 
senses  exercised  to  discern  both  good 
and  evil."  (Lectures  on  Systematic 
Theology  and  Pulpit  Eloquence,  pp. 
99,  100,  ed.  1824.)  It  is  most  un- 
likely that  the  judicious  lecturer  was 
aware  of  his  remarks  being  partly 
anticipated  by  Myles  Coverdale,  who, 
in  the  "  Prologue  unto  the  Christen 
reader,"  prefixed  to  his  first  English 
Bible  of  1535,  makes  a  similar  sug- 
gestion : — "  Sure  I  am,  that  there 
commeth  more  knowledge  and  under- 
standinge  of  the  Scripture  by  theyr 
sondrie  translacyons,  then  by  all  the 
gloses  of  oure  sophisticall  doctours. 
For  that  one  interpreteth  somthynge 
obscurely  in  one  place,  the  same  tran- 
slateth  another  (or  else  he  him  selfe) 
more  manifestly  by  a  more  playne 
vocable  of  the  same  meanynge  in 
another  place."  To  the  same  purport 
is  Mr.  Hartwell  Home's  remark,  that, 
"  next  to  the  kindred  languages,  ver- 
sions afford  the  greatest  assistance  to 
the  interpretation  of  the  Scriptures." 
(Introduction,  &c.  vol.  ii.  p.  156.  4th 
edit.) 

But,  excellent  as  are  these  sugges. 
tions,  few  can  act  upon  them  exten- 
sively, and  fewer  still  will  do  so  con- 
stantly. A  library  replenished  with 
versions   does   not   fall  to  the  lot  of 

ny,  and  even  those  persons  who 


possess  several  will  not  always  use 
them  for  a  course  of  study.  The  stu- 
dent, who  will  readily  turn  to  a  va- 
riety of  references  in  quest  of  the  sense 
of  a  single  passage,  will  not  submit  to 
the  daily  task  of  doing  so  for  conti- 
nuous reading,  if  he  has  to  put  up  a 
variety  of  books  at  night,  and  to  take 
them  down  in  the  morning.  The 
hinderance  can  only  be  effectually  met 
by  such  publications  as  enable  the 
student  to  make  his  references  at  one 
view;  and  this  volume  is  arranged 
precisely  on  that  principle,  which  we 
may  denominate  the  multi-tabular.  It 
gives  six  versions  of  the  Psalms,  all 
contained  in  two  opposite  pages,  so 
that  they  can  be  consulted  by  merely 
shifting  the  eyes  from  one  column  to 
another.  These  versions  are  the  He- 
brew, the  LXX.,  two  Latin,  and  two 
English  ;  and  the  well-known  Biblical 
publisher  (Mr.  Bagster)  has  provided 
the  student  with  a  material  help  in 
thus  combining  them.  Of  these  the 
Hebrew  is  from  the  text  of  Vander- 
hooght,  1705,  and  the  Greek  from  that 
of  Bos,  1709. 

'*  One  of  the  Latin  translations  is  the 
Vulgate,  the  character  of  which  is  too  well 
known  to  require  any  explanation,  but 
which  certainly  does  not  exhibit  so  close 
a  connexion  with  the  Hebrew  text  as  the 
other  Latin  version,  which  is  called  the 
Versio  Hebraica  Hieronymi.  By  means 
of  the  former  of  these,  we  may  gain  much 
help  in  understanding  the  Greek  trans- 
lation, from  which  it  was  evidently  taken ; 
but  the  latter  is  the  more  close  represent- 
ation of  the  Hebrew,  and  as  such  the 
more  valuable  as  a  guide  to  the  translation, 
and  as  a  token  how  the  Hebrew  text  stood 
in  Jerome's  time.  This  version  is  found 
in  Jerome's  works,  in  the  Psalterium 
Quincuplez,  and  in  Sabatier's  collection 
of  the  old  Latin  translations." 

For  further  particulars  concerning 
these  two  Latin  translations,  the  reader 
may  consult  Mr.  Home's  Introduc- 
tion, Art.  Ancient  Latin  Fersiona, 
The  two  English  versions  are,  the 
Liturgical,  which  is  chiefly  that  of 
Cranmer's  Bible  (as  it  is  termed),  and 
that  of  King  James's  translation .  Re- 
specting these  two  last  the  editor  ob- 
serves, 

*'  Of  our  own  two  translations,  and  of 
the  advantage  of  having  them  both  under 
the  eye  at  one  glance,  and  of  the  interest 
of  comparing  them  with  each  other,  it  is 
unnecessary  to  speak.    Of  their  corre- 


ISiS.]        Review.— -rfrcA<eofo^w,  Vol.  XXX.  Part  I. 


611 


spondence  with  the  best  editions  of  our 
fiibles  the  student  may  be  assured  by  ex- 
amination ;  by  which  means  also  he  will 
gain  much  useful  insight  into  the  necessity 
of  watching  against  those  little  variations 
and  minor  inaccuracies,  which,  after  the 
lapse  of  many  years,  often  occasion  a  re- 
print to  require  a  diligent  collation  with 
its  original.'' 

The  utility  of  a  volume  like  this 
must  be  too  obvious  to  require  much 
assertion  on  our  part.  Its  value  will 
be  increasingly  felt,  as  the  student 
finds  that  it  saves  him  time  and  trouble, 
and  enables  him  to  make  many  refer- 
ences he  would  otherwise  have  passed 
over.  And  as  the  Book  of  Psalms  is 
often  the  first  portion  used  in  beginning 
the  study  of  Hebrew,  this  comprehen- 
sive edition  may  be  most  advantage- 
ously employed  for  the  purpose.  Even 
the  non- Hebraist,  who  wishes  to  de- 
light his  friends  with  the  sight  of  a 
book,  or  who  is  laudably  glad  to  en- 
courage literature  beyond  his  own 
particular  line  of  reading,  will  find  it 
an  elegant  addition  to  his  shelves,  if 
he  can  despise  the  vulgar  sneers  against 
book- collectors ;  for,  if  libraries  are 
restricted  to  the  attainments  of  one 
person,  their  extent  will  be  contracted 
indeed. 


Archaologia,  Vol,  XXX,  Part  I, 
{Continued from  p,  3990 

7.  Letter  from  Hudson  Gurney,  Esq. 
V.P,  accompanying  Casts  of  Eight  Pu- 
nic Inscriptions  found  on  the  site  of 
Carthage, 

In  an  age  when  the  study  of  phi- 
lology is  cultivated  and  enlarged,  fac- 
similes of  original  inscriptions  are  of 
the  highest  value ;  the  characters  pre- 
served by  lithographs  made  from  these 
casts  appear  at  once  to  partake  of  the 
Greek  and  Etruscan  alphabetic  forms. 

8.  Two  Letters  from  Geo.  Godwin, 
Esq,  F.R.  and  A.S,S,  on  certain  marJcs 
discoverable  on  the  Stones  of  various 
buildings  erected  in  the  Middle  Ages, 

The  fact  that  certain  stones,  both 
inside  and  outside  of  numerous  ancient 
buildings  in  England,  are  marked  with 
some  peculiar  characters  or  symbols, 
attracted  the  notice  of  the  author  of 
this  paper,  and  led  him  to  the  conclu- 
sion that  there  might  be  bands  of  ope- 
ratives under  protection  of  the  Church, 
"  mystically  united,  who  spread  them- 


selves over  Europe  during  the  Middle 
Ages,  and  known  as  the  Freemasons." 
This  idea  is  not  altogether  new,  and 
we  think  that  there  is  strong  proba- 
bility of  its  being  brought  to  some- 
thing like  proof  by  the  comparison  of 
masons'  marks  on  buildings  erected  in 
countries  far  distant  from  each  other. 
Oar  author  says, 

**  It  gave  me  some  pleasure  during  a 
recent  visit  to  the  interior  of  France  to 
observe  in  several  instances  at  Poitiers,  in 
the  department  of  Yienne,  similar  marks 
in  great  profusion,  the  more  so,  too,  aa 
amongst  them  were  many  exactly  resem- 
bling some  which  I  had  previously  found 
in  England,  although  on  buildings  of  a 
different  date.'' 

If  the  Freemasons  had  a  real  ope» 
ratiye  origin,  and  from  the  symbols 
with  which  they  parade  it  is  difficult 
to  conclude  but  that  was  the  case,  it  is 
by  no  means  difficult  to  suppose  that 
a  body  of  builders  existed  who  were 
ambulatory  through  Europe,  and  at 
the  disposal  of  any  munificent  em- 
ployers. The  subject  is  almost  un- 
touched, and  is  every  way  worthy  of 
investigation. 

9.  A  Letter  from  Albert  Way,  esq. 
Director,  on  Palimpsest  Sepulchral 
Brasses,  and  on  a  remarJcable  instance 
at  Hedgerley,  BucJcs, 

Here,  by  an  extraordinary  conver- 
sion of  material,  the  sepulchral  me- 
morial of  Thomas  Totyngton,  Abbot 
of  St.  Edmund's  Bury,  who  died  early 
in  the  fourteenth  century,  has  been 
appropriated  to  Dame  Margaret  Bul- 
strode,  who  died  1540!  Other  re- 
markable instances  of  the  like  kind 
are  adduced  in  illustration. 

10.  Account  of  the  traces  of  a  Roman 
Villa  discovered  A,D.  1840,  at  Gayton, 
near  Northampton,  in  a  Letter  from  the 
Very  Rev»  Geo.  Butler,  D,D,  Dean  of 
Peterborough, 

One  more  addition  to  the  numerous 
proofs  of  the  domestic  luxury  which 
prevailed  in  the  Roman  times  in  the 
province  of  Britain.  The  plough  had 
often  been  impeded  in  a  field  called 
"  the  Warren  "  on  the  southern  side 
of  the  parish  of  Gayton.  These  foun- 
dations were  at  length  explored  to  pro- 
cure stones  for  agricultural  drains, 
when  sundry  Roman  coins,  a  silver 
fibula,  fragments  of  tiles  and  pottery, 
and  an  elegant  little  bronze  figure  of  a 
dancing  Cupid,  were  turned  up.    Dr. 


6\2 


Rbvienv. — Arch(£ologia,  Vol.  XXX,  Part  /. 


[Dec. 


Butler  coDsidcrs  the  Roman  dwelling 
at  Gayton  one  of  the  Villa  Rustica 
order;  it  ''appears  to  have  been  of 
moderate  dimensions,  well  situated, 
commanding  a  fine  view  across  a 
valley,  in  which  are  the  cavities  of 
several  pieces  of  water,  [the  vivaria,']  all 
now  drained  with  the  exception  of  one 
large  and  deep  pond,  abounding  in  fish, 
particularly  in  carp,  of  excellent  quality 
and  considerable  weight.  The  field  in 
which  the  villa  formerly  stood,  though 
still  called  the  Warren,  is  no  longer  prac- 
tically known  as  a  "  leporarium,"  but 
separated  from  it  by  the  high  road ;  and 
about  a  furlong  to  the  southward  there 
is  a  fox  cover  in  which  the  rabbits  are 
very  numerous.  Toward  the  N.E.  is 
a  dell  called  the  Lowndes,  filled  with  a 
thick  coppice,  affording  shelter  to  foxes, 
rabbits,  pheasants,  &c.  This  may  be 
a  portion  of  the  ancient  park,  the  pa- 
radisus,  or,  as  the  Germans  would  call 
it,  Thier-garten." 

The  remaining  foundations  of  this 
villa  presented  two  sides  of  a  square, 
each  measuring  upwards  of  sixty  feet ; 
on  the  eastern  side  were  the  remains 
of  a  portico,  with  four  pillars ;  the 
northern  side  of  the  foundations  was 
crossed  by  a  farming  road.  Several 
coins  were  found  of  the  period  of 
Marcus  Aurelius,  Tetricus,  Allectus, 
Constantine,  and  his  successors. 

1 J .  Account  of  some  Antiquities  found 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Sandwich,  in  the 
county  of  Kent,  By  Charles  Roach 
Smith,  Esq.  F.S.A. 

We  are  glad  to  observe  that  ma- 
terials are  accumulating  which,  under 
the  eye  of  such  careful  observers  as 
Mr.  Smith,  will  enable  us  at  length  to 
discriminate  between  jRowian  and  SoJcon 
relics. 

*'  The  parish  of  Ash,  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Sandwich,  is  a  locality  long  re- 
corded as  fertile  in  Roman  and  Saxon 
antiquities.  Gilton  and  Coombe  in  this 
parish  have  been  especially  noted  for  dis- 
coveries of  funereal  remains,  both  prior  to 
and  since  the  time  when  the  indefatiga- 
ble and  careful  Douglas  compiled  his 
Nenia  Britannica.  Gilton,  which  supplies 
the  greater  part  of  the  subjects  of  [Mr. 
Smith's]  present  investigation,  lies  about 
a  quarter  of  a  mile  west  of  the  village  of 
Ash.  This  place  and  Woodnesborough, 
another  parish,  situate  about  a  mile  and  a 
half  to  the  east,  form  the  termini  of  one 
|on^  sandy  hill,  in  various  pai'ts  of  which. 


and  about  two  feet  beneath  the  surface, 
fibulce,  rings,  glass  vessels,  fragments  oif 
swords,  umbones  of  shields,  beads,  and 
coins,  are  still  occasionally  discovered.^' 

The  articles  particularly  investigated 
by  Mr.  Smith  arc  two  bronze  dishes,  a 
sword-handle,  some  fibulae,  and  an  or- 
namented buckle. 

A  glance  at  the  ordnance  map  of 
Kent  will  shew  the  situation  of  Ash,  on 
the  way  between  Canterbury  and  Rich . 
borough,  that  eminent  fortress  key  of 
the  once  navigable  strait  S.W.  of  the 
Isle  of  Thanet,  between  Richborough 
and  Reculver.  The  relics  produced 
are  evidence  of  the  military  occupa- 
tion of  this  important  quarter  in  the 
Saxon  times. 

It  is  satisfactory  to  observe  that  the 
style  of  ornament  of  almost  every 
civilised  nation  has,  for  the  acute 
antiquary,  distinctive  marks  which  at 
once  point  out  its  origin  and  chro- 
nology. The  first  attempts  of  a  bar- 
barous people  at  art  alone  puzzle  the 
antiquary. 

II.  Description  of  some  Gold  Orna- 
ments recently  found  in  Ireland ;  in  a 
Letter  from  Lord  Albert  Conyngham. 

There  is  little  to  guide  the  antiquary 
in  the  appropriation,  at  a  glance,  of 
these  gold  ornaments  to  a  particular 
people  and  era.  The  chain  strongly 
resembles  one  engraved  with  some 
Roman  articles  in  Battely 's  Antiquitates 
Rutupinse,  Tab.  2,  No.  3.  The  collar 
marked  6,  found  at  Ardrah,  Donegal, 
has  the  rude  style  of  ornament  gener- 
ally observed  in  the  efforts  of  a  bar- 
barous people.  The  gold  rings  or 
bracelets  are  of  the  torques  or  twisted 
style.  A  coin  of  Geta  was  discovered 
near  these  smaller  relics.  We  sup- 
dose,  by  the  absence  of  a  scale,  that 
the  ornaments  are  represented  of  the 
full  size. 

13.  Letter  from  Capt.  Nepean,  com- 
municating an  account  of  Antiquities  ex- 
cavated by  him  in  the  Island  of  Sacri- 
ficios;  followed  by  a  report  upon  the 
examination  of  them,  by  Sam.  Birch,  esq. 

There  are  no  better  pioneers  for 
philology  than  men  like  Capt.  Nepean. 
Stevens's  work  on  Central  America 
has  turned  inquiring  eyes  to  that 
quarter.  The  Island  of  Sacrificios, 
near  Vera  Cruz,  on  the  N.E.  coast  of 
America,  had  its  very  name  from  the 
human  sacrifices  Y^hich  characterized 


1 843.]  REyiiiw.-^.4rch<sologia,  Vol.  XXX.  Pari  t. 


613 


the  idolaters  of  the  new  world;  it 
abounds  with  relics  of  their  pottery 
and  sculpture.     Mr.  Birch  says, — 

"  Among  the  idols  and  small  statues 
which  form  one  of  the  most  interesting 
portions  of  his  [Capt.  Nepean's]  collec- 
tion are  two  of  terra-cotta,  of  considerable 
size  for  that  material,  being  nearly  two 
feet  high,  in  a  very  fragile  state  .... 
They  are  apparently  intended  for  female 
divinities,  and  bear  much  resemblance  in 
their  execution  to  the  works  of  the  Aztecs 
or  Mexicans,  the  eyes  being  closed,  the 
mouth  open,  and  showing  the  teeth ;  the 
head  decorated  with  large  earrings,  and  the 
nose  with  a  nose-ring.  These  objects  have 
been  coloured  in  their  accessories  with  red 
and  blue  paint.  Several  of  the  smaller  terra- 
cotta figures  are  of  considerable  interest 
from  their  analogy  to  those  of  other  na- 
tions. On  some  appears  the  peculiarly- 
pointed  tiara,  which  approaches  that  of 
Guadma,  and  is  found  on  several  stone 
figures,  the  work  of  the  ancient  Mexicans, 
recently  presented  to  the  British  Museum 
by  James  Vetch,  esq. ;  and  on  others  are 
found  the  plumes  and  cornice  which  occur 
on  the  heads  of  the  Egyptian  Typhon  and 
the  Phoenician  Baal,  as  exhibited  on  the 
coins  of  Cossyra.  There  is  no  difficulty 
in  tracing  the  reason  of  American  analo- 
gies to  their  source,  hut  the  resemblance 
to  Egyptian  and  even  Greek  art,  which 
occurs  on  some  of  the  antiquities  of  these 
nations,  must  have  been  derived  from 
their  being  provided,  either  by  accident 
or  design,  with  models  from  the  old  world.** 

On  one  of  the  vases  the  writer  ob- 
served the  Greek  scroll,  and  the  ove 
and  dental  (egg  and  tongue)  ornament. 

In  our  volume  for  the  year  1836, 
part  I.  page  1 93,  will  be  found  a  re- 
port of  the  exhibition,  by  Mr.  Kempe, 
at  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  of  certain 
vases  and  lamps  from  the  tombs  of  the 
Incas  of  Peru,  brought  to  England  in 
1815  by  General  Paroissien,  some  of 
which  were  ornamented  with  the 
Greek  scroll.  A  stone  vessel  from  the 
Musquito  shore,  in  the  collection  of 
the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  has  an  or- 
namental border  of  the  Grecian  key 
pattern.*  Notwithstanding  these  co- 
incidences, so  difficult  to  account 
for,  as  they  are  the  exceptions,  not  the 
ordinary  occurrents,  Mr.  Birch  comes 
to  the  conclusion  that  these  works  of 
art  are  the  efforts  of  a  people  struggling 
to  create  a  national  style,  yet  using 


*  See  Gent.  Mag.  for  1836,  Pt.  I.  p. 
294. 


occasionally  those  of   more  civilised 
races  which  have  come  before  them : 

*'  Some  of  them,  without  doubt,  are  the 
imitations  of  objects  evidently  recent,  and 
subsequent  to  the  historical  periods  of 
art  in  the  old  world  ;  but  the  evidence  is 
still  to  be  sought  which  connects  the 
Mexicans,  their  predecessors,  and  abori- 
gines of  Central  America,  with  the  offset 
of  a  people  who  had  already  attained  an 
eminence,  even  mediocre,  in  civilization. 
Their  art  must  class  with  the  efforts  of  the 
South  Sea  Islanders  and  the  tribes  of  the 
Pacific.  There  is  nothing  that  bespeaks 
a  high  antiquity  in  the  new  world.'' 

14.  Letter  from  Albert  Way,  esq. 
Director,  to  Hudson  Gumey,  esq.  Vice- 
President,  descriptive  of  the  Tabula  of 
Gold  presented  by  the  Emperor  Henry 
II,  to  the  Cathedral  of  Basle. 

This  splendid  and  costly  relic  has 
already  been  described  by  us  in  our 
vol.  for  1842,  part  I.  p.  653.  It  is  as 
fine  a  specimen  as  can  be  imagined  of 
Byzantine  art  in  the  year  1014.  The 
tradition  of  the  miraculous  cure  of  the 
Emperor  Henry  II.  of  the  stone,  by 
the  intervention  of  St.  Benedict,  has 
already  been  recorded  in  our  pages, 
and  his  present  of  this  rich  decoration 
to  the  altar  of  the  cathedral  at  Basle, 
in  grateful  recognition  of  his  recovery. 
There  were  numerous  instances  of  si- 
milar memorials  conferred  on  churches 
in  the  middle  age,  but  the  intrinsic 
value  of  their  material  ever  led  to  their 
destruction.  The  tablet  at  Basle, 
however,  was  protected  from  confis- 
cation until  the  Revolution  of  1834  ia 
Switzerland ;  then  the  canton  and  city 
were  disunited,  and  the  offering  of 
Henry  II.  became  the  property  of  the 
highest  bidder. 

''  The  principal  features  of  the  design 
are  figures  of  the  Saviour,  at  whose  feet 
the  Emperor  and  Cunegonda  his  wife  are 
seen  prostrate  ;  the  Archangel  Michael 
holding  the  lance  and  gonfanon,  in  allu- 
sion to  his  triumph  over  the  dragon,  is 
represented  on  one  side,  and  on  the  other 
Gabriel  and  Raphael,  each  holding,  in 
token  of  dignity,  a  plain  staff,  surmounted 
by  a  globular  head.  The  remaining  com- 
partment is  occupied  by  St.  Benedict, 
clad  in  the  monastic  habit,  and  holding 
the  simple  pastoral  staffer  eambuea.  The 
heads  of  all  these  figures  are  encircled  by 
richly-jewelled  nimbsi  and  the  rest  of  the 
work  is  almost  wholly  covered  with  twining 
branched  ornament,  in  which  birds  and 
animals  are  introduced ;  the  character  of 


614 


Review.— i4rc^o/o^tfl.  Vol.  XXX,  Part  I, 


[Dec. 


this,  partaking  of  the  style  of  oriental  de- 
coration, bears  close  analogy  to  the  Ro- 
manesque design  which  marks  the  illu- 
minated or  sculptured  ornament  of  the 
period  to  which  the  term  Norman  has 
been  applied  in  the  architecture.  At  in- 
tenrals  are  introduced  above  the  figures 
four  small  medallions,  containing  busts 
which  represent  PrudencCi  Justice,  Tem- 

Serance,  and  Fortitude,  crowned,  and  the 
eads  surrounded  by  nimbs.  On  the 
corona  of  the  cornice,  and  the  uppermost 
base  moulding,  are  the  following  inscrip- 
tions in  red  enamelled  letters : 

-|-<  QVIS  SICVT  HKL  FORTIS  MEDICYS 
80TER  BBNEDICTUS. 

which  may  be  thus  interpreted : — ^Who  is 
like  God,  strong,  a  physician,  a  blessed 
Saviour,?  The  last  word  is  evidently  allu- 
sive to  the  saint,  who  had  proved  so  effi- 
cient an  intercessor.  The  inscription 
beneath  is  as  follows  : — 

-j-  PROSPICE  TERRI6ENAS  CLEMENS 
MEDIATOR  VSIAS. 

The  word  usias,  a  Grsecisno,  may  be 
construed,  we  suggest,  "  beings/'  from 
OV5UU,  and  the  whole  sentence  be 
rendered 

"  Protect,  merciful  Mediator,  earthly 
beings." 

In  the  preceding  lines  we  see  no 
absolute  necessity  for  inferring  a 
direct  allusion  to  St.  Benedict.  That 
might  be  the  subsequent  construction 
of  a  superstitious  age. 

If  this  magnificent  relic  has  been 
doomed  to  the  melting  pot,  we  hope 
at  least  that  casts  of  it  have  been  taken. 
The  print  which  accompanies  Mr. 
Way's  paper  will  do  much  to  pre- 
serve so  interesting  a  specimen  of  the 
decorative  and  historical  style  of  the 
eleventh  century. 

15.  Observations  upon  certain  inac- 
curacies in  the  published  Letters  of  Sir 
Thomas  More,  By  John  Bruce,  Esq, 
F,S.)ii. 

A  very  ingenious  piece  of  analytical 
criticism,  which  goes  far  to  clear 
Rastall,  Sir  Thomas  More's  nephew, 
from  the  hasty  imputations  of  Bishop 
Burnett,  that  he  had  wilfully  garbled 
and  suppressed  portions  of  Sir  Thomas 
More's  correspondence  in  the  fine 
folio  volume  of  1500  pages,  for  which 
he  (Rastall)  collected  the  materials. 

16.  Extracts  from  a  Copy-Book  of 
Letters  received  by  Sir  Henry  Wither^ 
ington,    Kmgkt- Marshal  of  Berwick, 


between  Nov.  1581,  and  Nov,  1592; 
preserved  in  the  Ordnance  Office,  Tbtoer. 
Communicated  by  Robert  Porrett,  Esq, 
F.S,A. 

These  letters  rather  relate  to  differ- 
ences between  the  corporators  of  Ber- 
wick and  the  marshal  of  that  import- 
ant border  post,  with  the  exception  of 
some  few  other  occurrences,  than  to 
any  public  object.  Lord  Hunsdon  the 
Governor  of  Berwick  being  referred  to 
as  umpire.  We  believe  there  are  pre- 
served among  the  Border  Papers  in 
Her  Majesty's  State  Paper  Office  most 
interesting  notices  of  Berwick,  parti- 
cularly during  that  eventful  period^ 
the  rising  in  the  North,  A.  D.  1569. 

17.  Letter  from  C.  J.  Richardson^ 
Esq,  F,S, A,  accompanying  a  drawing  of 
the  sandal'Wood  gates  of  Somnauth, 

Mr.  Richardson's  pencil  has  done 
full  justice  to  the  materials  afforded 
him  by  Lieut.-CoI.  Luard's  sketches 
of  these  remarkable  portals,  which  will 
obtain  henceforth  conspicuous  record 
both  in  Eastern  and  British  History. 

**  The  temple  of  Somnauth  in  Guzerat 
was  considered  by  the  Hindoos  as  the 
holiest  in  India,  and  '  it  was  frequented/ 
says  Vigne,  quoting  Ferishta,  '  in  the 
time  of  the  ecUpses  by  from  2  to  300,000 
people.'  The  idol  was  supplied  twice 
daily  with  fresh  water  from  Ihe  Ghmgesy 
though  that  river  was  about  a  thousand 
miles  distant.  The  temple  is  described  as 
being  a  superb  edifice  bmlt  of  hewn  stone ; 
its  lofty  roof  supported  by  fifty-six  pillars 
curiously  carved,  and  set  with  precious 
stones.  In  the  centre  of  the  hall  was  the 
great  idol  Somnauth,  a  stone  figure  five 
yards  in  height,  two  of  which  were  sunk 
in  the  ground. 

**  The  temple  was  destroyed  by  Mah- 
mood  of  Ghuzni,  a.  d.  1025.  He 
ordered  two  pieces  of  the  idol  to  be 
broken  off,  and  sent  to  Ghuzni,  that  one 
might  be  laid  at  the  threshold  of  the 
principal  mosque,  and  the  other  at  the 
gate  of  his  own  palace.  These  identical 
fragments  are  mentioned  by  Mr.  Vigne, 
who  visited  Ghuzni  in  1836,  as  still  to 
be  seen  there.  Two  more  fragments  were 
reserved  to  be  sent  to  Mecca  and  Medina. 
It  is  a  well  authenticated  fact  that,  when 
Mahmood  was  employed  in  destroying  the 
idol,  a  crowd  of  Brahmins  petitioned  his 
attendants  and  offered  a  quantity  of  gold 
if  the  king  would  desist  from  further  mu- 
tilation. The  king  refused  to  be  handed 
down  to  posterity  as  *  Mahmood  the  idol- 
seller/  whereas  he  was  desirous  of  being 


1843.] 


Rbvikw.— Scriven's  Odes  of  Horace. 


known  as  'Mahmood  the  destroyer  of 
idols  ;'  he  therefore  directed  the  troops  to 
proceed  in  their  work.  The  next  blow 
broke  open  the  bodj  of  the  statue,  which 
was  hollow,  and  discovered  a  quantity  of 
diamonds,  rubies,  and  pearls,  of  much 
greater  value  than  the  amount  of  money 
offered  by  the  Brahmins. 

**  After  the  destruction  of  the  temple, 
the  gates  were  carried  by  Mahmood  to 
Ghuzni,  where,  for  800  years,  they  adorned 
the  entrance  to  his  tomb.  In  October 
1 842  they  were  removed  and  carried  away 
by  Major-Gen.  Nott,  and  crossed  the 
Sutlej  with  the  army  on  the  23rd  Dec. ; 
and  Lieut. -Col.  Luard,  who  writes  Jan. 
17th,  says,  *  They  are  now  moving  in  pro- 
cession to  be  restored  to  the  temple  of 
Somnath.* »' 

18.  Observations  by  S.  Birch,  Esq. 
on  the  Xanthian  Marbles  lately  deposited 
in  the  British  Museum, 

A  most  valuable  accession  to  the 
few  classical  communi cations  pre- 
served by  the  Society  of  Antiquaries 
in  their  Archseologia.  What  lover  of 
Homer  but  remembers  the  heroes 
Sarpedon  and  Glaucus  from  the  banks 
of  Xanthus^  in  the  Lycian  plain  ? 

''  The  town  of  Xanthus  was  situated 
seventy  stadia  from  the  sea,  upon  the 
left  bank  of  the  Sibres  or  Sibrus,  called  by 
the  Greeks  Xanthus,  both  terms  meaning 
the  yellow  river.  The  old  name  of  the 
city  is  stated  to  have  been  Arna,  but 
whether  so  called  by  the  Greeks  or 
Solymi  is  uncertain ;  while,  according  to 
Hecateeus,  it  took  its  name  from  a  Cretan 
or  Egyptian  founder  of  the  name  of 
Xanthus.  The  discovery  of  its  site  shews 
it  to  have  been  situated  upon  a  plateau  of 
elevated  ground ,  inform  nearly  rectangular; 
the  elevated  part  close  to  the  river,  rising 
about  200  feet,  was  crowned  by  a  build- 
ing termed  by  Mr.  Fellows  the  ancient 
Acropolis ;  and  the  walls  rebuilt  by  the 
Romans  in  this  locality  contained  the  most 
ancient  remains,  and  the  scats  and  orna- 
mented chairs  of  the  theatre  inserted 
into  them.  On  the  brow  of  the  Acropolis 
stood  the  Harpy  tomb,  and  an  uicient 
theatre  of  Greek  workmanship ;  while  the 
other  part  in  the  city  which  lay  to  the 
east  of  it  contained  a  melange  of  Greek 
and  Roman  edifices.''  .... 

**  Of  all  the  remains  transported  to 
England  the  most  archaic  in  point  of  style 
and  execution  are  those  found  among  the 
ruins  of  the  old  city  at  the  supposed 
Acropolis.  They  resemble  the  early  Greek 
school,  such  as  is  found  on  the  doors  of 
the  treasury  of  Atreus  at  Mycenee,  and 
in  the  vases  intermediate  between  the 


615 

Nolano-Egyptian,    or    Phoenician,    and 
Tyrrhenian  styles.** 

The  friezes  from  Xanthus,  and  par- 
ticularly those  of  the  celebrated  Harpy 
tomb,  on  which  is  represented  the 
harpies  bearing  off  the  daughters  of 
Pandarus,  a  Cretan  myth  of  the  highest 
antiquity,  are  elaborately  described  by 
Mr.  Birch,  whose  whole  paper  is  one 
of  the  deepest  interest,  but  too  par- 
ticular in  its  details  for  us  to  epitomise. 

These  noble  specimens  of  art  of  the 
earliest  classic  ages  are  a  rich  acces- 
sion to  the  treasures  of  our  National 
Museum,  and  to  our  means  of  teach- 
ing the  most  exalted  principles  of  com- 
position to  the  students  of  our  land. 


T%e  Odes  of  Horace,    By  John  Scriven, 

esq, 

THE  Lyric  Poems  of  Horace  abound 
in  such  delicate  expressions,  such 
learned  idioms,  and  such  refined  and 
harmonious  numbers^  as  almost  to  defy 
the  attempt  to  transfer  them  into  a 
ruder  dialect  such  as  ours.  If  a  literal 
translation  is  attempted,  the  spirit  of 
the  original  will  fly  off;  if  a^ree,  then 
the  minute  and  elaborate  beauties  will 
disappear.  How  far  Mr.  Scriven  has 
succeeded,  and  whether  he  has  sur- 
passed his  predecessors,  we  leave  to 
be  judged  by  his  readers.  We  mean- 
while extract,  as  a  specimen  of  the 
whole,  his  traaslatioa  of  two  of  the 
odes. 

ODB  IX. 
TO  THALIABCU8. 

See,  with  the  deepening  flakes,  how  white 
Soracte  stands  I  the  woodland  height 
Can  scarce  sustain  the  weight  of  snow. 
While  ice-bound  rivers  cease  to  flow. 

Dissolve  the  cold — with  logs  piled  high 
Now  plenteously  the  fire  supply. 
And  from  thy  Sabine  cask  produee, 
Now  four  years  old,  the  mellow'd  jnice. 

Leave  to  the  gods  the  rest— whoi  they 
The  battlmg  winds  and  waves  allay, 
Nor  ancient  ash  nor  cypress  more 
Shall  dread  the  tempest's  angry  roar. 

Unsought  the  morrow's  fate  rmuitii. 
But  count  the  acceded  day  as  gain. 
Nor  spurn  the  dance,  nor  love*s  sweet  vows, 
Whilewhiteness  spares  thy  youthful  brows. 

Now  for  the  campus  and  the  park  I 
The  gentle  whisp'rings  after  dark  1 
The  assignation — Now  the  maid, 
By  laughter's  merriest  peal  betrayed, 


616 


Review. — Treuch's  Poems  from  Eastern  Sources.  [Dec. 


Quits  the  sly  corner  where  she  watch'd  : 
See  from  her  arm  the  pledge  is  snatch'd  ; 
While  now  her  finger  yields  the  prize, 
She  half  accords,  yet  half  denies. 

TO  GROSPHUS. 

He  supplicates  the  gods  for  ease, 
Tossed  on  the  wide  Egean  seas, 
When  blackened  clouds  the  moonlight  veil. 
And  stars,  that  guide  our  sailors,  fail. 
Ease  supplicates  the  warlike  Thrace, 
Ease,  the  far  Mede,  whom  quivers  grace ; 
Ease,  Grosphus,  scorning  to  be  sold 
For  gems,  for  purple,  and  for  gold. 
Nor  wealth  nor  consults  fobes  control 
The  tumults  of  the  wretched  soul ; 
Those  cares,  which  ever  anxious  fly 
Around  the  vaulted  canopy. 
How  frugally,  how  well  he  fares, 
Whose  board  his  father's  salt-dish  bears ; 
Whose  gentle  slumbers  have  not  fled 
Through  sordid  avarice  or  dread  1 
Wherefore,  when  life  so  soon  is  o'er, 
Attempt  so  much  ?    Why  the  far  shore, 
By  other  suns  illumined,  try  ? 
\Vliat  exile  from  himself  can  fly  ? 
Care  mounts  the  vessel's  brazen  sides. 
Care  amid  troops  of  horsemen  rides. 
Swift  as  the  stag's  retreating  form. 
Or  Eurus,  hurrying  on  the  storm. 
The  mind,  content  with  present  state. 
Courts  not  a  glimpse  of  future  fate. 
Life's  bitters  are  by  smiles  suppress'd. 
Since  nothing  is  completely  blest. 
Death  turned  Achilles'  youthful  ragCi 
Decrepit  Tithon  bent  with  age  ; 
And  Time,  perchance,  to  me  supplies 
The  blessings  it  to  thee  denies. 
A  hundred  flocks  adorn  thy  ground, 
Sicilian  heifers  low  around. 
Thy  neighing  mare  in  chariot  flies, 
Thy  vesture  glares  with  Afric's  dyes  ; 
While  upon  me  unerring  Fate 
Has  but  bestowed  a  small  estate, 
A  spirit  light  of  Grecian  song, 
Which  spurns  the  base  malignant  throng. 


Poems  from  Eastern  Sources,     By  R. 
C.  Trench. 

Genoveva,  a  Poem,     By  the  Same. 

MR.  TRENCH  writes  always  as  a 
poet  should  write,  with  due  respect  to 
his  readers,  and  therefore  with  cor- 
rectness and  elegance.  The  present 
volume  will  sustain  his  fame,  if  it  do 
not  add  much  to  it.  The  lessons  of 
wisdom  that,  according  to  the  genius 
of  the  Eastern  writers,  are  wrapt  up 
in  the  rich  and  flowery  beauties  of 
historic  tale  or  romantic  fiction,  and 
which  form  the  leading  feature  of  the 
volume,  arc   pleasing  in   themselves, 

7 


and  presented  to  us  with  many  attrac- 
tions of  poetical  fancy  and  harnQODious 
versification.  We  most  like  "Alex- 
ander at  the  Gates  of  Paradise," 
"Orpheus  and  the  Sirens,"  "The 
Banished  Kings,"  and  would  willingly 
give  specimens  of  them  if  we  had 
room  ;  but,  that  wanting,  all  we  can 
do  is  to  take  one  of  the  smallest  pearls 
off  the  string  and  put  it  into  the 
reader's  hands,  advising  him  to  possess 
himself  of  the  whole  casket. 

SON  NET. 

Were  the  sad  tablets  of  our  hearts  alone 

A  dreary  blank,  for  thee  the  task  were  light* 

To  draw  fair  letters  there,  and  lines  of  light. 
But  while  far  other  spectacle  is  shown 
By  them,  with  dismal  traceries  o'erdrawn, 

O !    task   obscure,  transcending    highest 
Might, 

Ever  again  to  make  them  clean  and  white. 
Effacing  the  sad  secrets  they  have  known. 

And  then  what  heaven  were  better  than  a 
name. 
If  these  must  haunt  and  cling  unto  us  there, 

Abiding  memoir  of  our  sin  and  shame  ? 
Dread  doubt  I  which  finds  no  answer  anywhere, 

Except  in  Him,  who  with  him  power  did 
bring 

To  make  us  feel  our  sin  an  alien  thing. 

We  add,  as  an  instanceof  the  author's 
descriptive  powers,  the  following  pic- 
ture of  a  fleet  at  sea — a  fine  subject ! — 
but  we  have  not  yet  had  our  poetic 
Vandevelde, 

Once  more  a  gallant  host  is  on  the  deep, 
And  every  vessel  did  its  due  course  keep 
For  Afric,  and  at  each  prow,  unconfined, 
A  red-cross  banner  floated  in  the  wind. 
Far  off  that  fleet  might  seem  a  wandering  troop 

Of  huge  sea  monsters  gambolling  at  will 
Upon  the  topmost  surge— o'er  clouds  that 
stoop 

And  lean  on  ocean's  breast,  themselves  to  fill 
With  water,  which  they  back  in  rain  distil ; 

Or  flock  of  snow-white  sea-birds,  that  expand 

Huge  never-wearied  pinions  far  from  land. 

Or  now  he  might  that  goodly  sight  compare, 
Who  saw  it  from  afar,  to  forest  vast 

In  motion,  that  did  all  its  pines  upbear— 
They  tossing  their  tall  heads,  as  every  mast 
Now  rose,  now  yielded,  to  the  unsteady  blast. 

Or  now  had  deemed  them,  proudly  thus  ad- 
vancing, 

A  city  on  the  inconstant  billows  dancing. 

We  see  in  a  note  that  Mr.  Trench 
mentions  his  having  before  him,  when 
writing  the  above,  Calderon's  magni- 


*  We  presume  this   to  be  a  misprint 
for  **saght." 


1843.]     Review.— CflmWefye^AiVtf  Churches.'^Baptismci  Fonts.        6l7 


ficent  description  of  the  advance  of  the 
Portuguese  fleet,  as  described  by  one 
of  the  Moors.     See  p.  235. 

Churches  in  Cambridgeshire  and  the  Isle 
of  Ely.  Royal  Svo.  Parts  I,  II, 
and  IIL 

THE  Cambridge  Camden  Society 
have  commenced  the  publication  of  a 
series  of  views,  yrith  accompanying 
letter- press,  of  the  curious  and  inter- 
esting, though  hitherto  little  known 
and  partially  explored,  churches  of 
the  county  of  Cambridge  and  the  isle 
of  Ely.  The  plan  of  t£e  work  gener- 
ally resembles  that  of  the  "  Churches 
of  Yorkshire,"  now  in  the  course  of 
publication.  Each  number  is  to  con- 
tain three  lithograph  prints  and  several 
minor  details  executed  on  wood. 
Ground- plans  will  also  be  given,  and 
the  principal  mouldings  and  more  in- 
teresting constructive  features  will  be 
fully  and  accurately  exhibited,  the  il- 
lustration of  each  church  being  either 
comprised  in  one  number,  or  extended 
into  others,  according  to  its  relative 
beauty  and  interest. 

The  editors  assert  with   confidence 
the  peculiar  beauty  of  the  Cambridge- 
shire Churches,  and  that "  they  are,  ge- 
nerally speaking,  hardly  surpassed  by 
those  of  any  other  county  in  England. 
The  examples  of  the  Decorated  style 
especially    are   very    numerous,    and 
usually  of  extraordinary  merit."     The 
subject  of  the  first  two  Parts  is  Cherry 
Hinton,  and  that  of  the  third  Trump- 
ington ;    which  will   be   followed    by 
Histon  and  Bottisham.     Cherry  Hin- 
ton is  a  church  in  the  early-English 
style,   of   remarkably   pure  character 
and  well-executed  detail.     The  church 
of   Trumpington    is  a  uniform    and 
beautiful    specimen    of   rather    early 
Decorated  architecture,  erected  in  the 
latter  part  of  the  reign  of  Edward  II. 
The  plates  are  tastefully  executed  in 
lithography,  by  Mr.  G.  Hawkins  ;  but 
the  original   drawings   are  all   made, 
con  amore,  by  the  volunteer  labourers 
of    the   Cambridge   Camden   Society, 
who  have  now  added  experience  and 
knowledge  to  their  taste.    The  illus- 
trative descriptions  are  also  furnished 
by  their  co-operation  ;    and  they  con- 
tain copious  details  of  the  history  of 
the  churches  and  benefices  as  well  as 
architectural  descriptions.     The   his- 
tory of  Cambridgeshire  has  been  so 
Gbnt,  Maq,  Vol.  XX. 


much  neglected,  that  fuller  details  than 
might  oQierwise  be  required  cannot 
fail  to  be  acceptable.  They  will  not, 
however,  make  a  more  regular  topo- 
graphy of  the  county  less  desirable. 
We  would  recommend  the  extracts 
from  ancient  records  to  be  printed  in 
exienso,  as  the  contractions  (from  the 
want  of  proper  types)  are  incorrectly 
printed,  and,  were  they  correct,  would 
still  be  obscure  to  the  majority  of 
readers.  In  the  lists  of  incumbents, 
the  dates  of  their  institution  should 
precede  the  name  ;  as  now  they  are 
liable  to  be  connected  with  the  words 
"  died  "  and  "  resigned.' 


»f 


Illustrations  of  Baptismal  Fonts,    Parts 
I.  and  II,     8vo,    Van  Voorst. 
THE  increased   attention  bestowed 
on  church  architecture  has  extended 
itself  also  to  church  furniture,  and  of 
course  to  that  most  important  article 
thereof,  the   Baptismal  Font.     Those 
venerable  fonts  which   had   been  too 
often  neglected,  allowed  to  be  covered 
with  whitewash,  and  filled  with  dirt 
and  rubbish,  and  often  entirely  super- 
seded for  a  modern  tripod,  or  a  basin 
of  earthenware,  as  if  too  capacious, 
too  cumbrous,  and  too  old-fashioned, 
have  in  many  instances   recently  re- 
covered  their   due   share  of  respect, 
have  been  restored  to  their  former  de- 
cency,  and  again   "  filled  with  pure 
water,"    as  enjoined    in    the  rubric. 
In  some  places,   as  at  Harrow,  the 
modern  interlopers  have  been  displaced^ 
and  the   ancient  fonts  re-erected   on 
their  rightful    pedestals.*    The  great 
beauty  and  interest  of  many  fonts  is 
such  as  fully  to  deserve  that  a  distinct 
work  should  be  dedicated  to  their  il- 
lustration ;  and  with  the  exception  of 
some  collected  in  an  early  volume  of 
Archseologia,    of   others  in  Lysons's 
Britannia  and  Clutterbuck's  Hertford- 
shire, we  know  of  no  series  of  the  kind 
which  has  hitherto  appeared,  except  a 
small  but  well-executed  work  by  Mr. 
F.   Simpson,  published  about  fifteen 
years  ago,   and  the  introduction    to 
which   was  written,   we   believe,  by 

*  **  The  editor  has  already  formed  a 
considerable  list  of  fonts  lying  in  a  dese- 
crated state,  also  of  those  once  desecrated 
but  now  restored,  which  he  purposes  to 
give  in  a  future  number.  He  will  be  glad 
of  any  communications." 

4K 


Old 


Illustrations  of  JBapiismal  Fonts, 


[Dec. 


that  accomplished  architectural  anti- 
quary, Mr.  W.  Twopeny.     But  that 
work  contained  not  more  than"forty 
examples,  and  there  is  an  ample  har- 
vest   for    a   much    larger    collection. 
Indeed,  the  feeling  with  which  we  are 
most  impressed  in   turning   over   the 
plates  before  us,  is  the  infinite  variety 
of  design    which   they  display.     We 
therefore  welcome  with  much  satisfac- 
tion  Mr.  Van  Voorst's   undertaking, 
and  feel  much  pleasure  in  being  able 
to  testify  to  the  extreme  delicacy  and 
beauty  with  which  his  engravings  are 
executed  in  wood  by  Mr.  O.  Jewitt  of 
Oxford,  and  his  coadjutors.     Among 
his     acknowledgments    to    numerous 
contributors^  the  editor  states  his  par- 
ticular obligations  "  to  the  Marquess 
of  Northampton,   for   placing  in  our 
hands  Miss  Baker's  drawings  of  nu- 
merous  fonts   in    Northamptonshire; 
to  Mrs.  Clutterbuck   of  Watford,  for 
the    drawings    of   the    late    talented 
artist,    Mr.   William    Alexander;    to 
Mrs.  H.  O.  Cox,  of  Oxford,  who  has 
kindly  permitted  us  the  use  of  her  col- 
lection   of     drawings ;      to    Dawson 
Turner,  esq.  F.R.S.  for   allowing  us 
to  select  from  his  illustrated  copy  of 
Bloomfield's  Norfolk,  many  of  the  best 
fonts  in   that   country ;    to   the  Rev. 
William  Drake  of  Coventry,  for  many 
drawings  from  Northamptonshire  and 
Warwickshire."  Each  plate  is  inscribed 
with  the  sera  of  ecclesiastical  architec- 
ture to  which  the  font  represented  be- 
longs,   and    which,   either    from    its 


general  structure,  or  from  the  charac- 
ter of  its  ornaments,  it  is  seldom 
difficult  to  ascertain.  The  majority, 
perhaps,  are  Norman,  coeval  with  the 
churches  in  which  they  stand,  or  in 
many  cases  anterior  to  the  present 
edifices,  and  coeval  with  the  foundation 
of  former  and  the  original  churches. 

There  is  one  consideration  we  would 
beg  to  suggest,  as  claiming  attention  in 
the  future  conduct  of  the  work,  which 
is,  that  there  are  some  fonts  which 
require  to  be  shown  in  more  than  one 
point  of  view.    Where  the  sculptures 
are  various  and  not  easily  described, 
there  should  be  some  secondary  en- 
graving, to  convey  a  complete  idea  of 
the  whole.     In  the  case  of  the  font  at 
Lenton   in  Nottinghamshire,  for  in- 
stance, it  is  most  unsatisfactory  to  be 
told  that  one  of  the  sides  not  repre- 
sented "  is  divided  into  four  compart- 
ments, each  containing  a  subject  from 
Scripture."    The  figures  on  the  top  of 
the  font  at  St.  German's,  "  the  dove, 
the  circle,  and  the  vesica  piscis,"  ought 
to  have  been  represented ;  and  in  the 
case  of  the  Thornbury  font  the  reader 
should  have  been  informed  whether 
the  ornaments  shown  in  the  view  were 
repeated  or  varied  on  the  two  other 
sides.    We  must  add,  however,  that 
the  descriptions    generally   are    very 
intelligent  and  satisfactory,   and  we 
take  leave  of  the  work  for  the  present 
with  wishing  it  all  the  success  which 
its  great  beauty  and  its  moderate  price 
will  probably  secure. 


Hours  in  the  Picture  Gallery  of  2%ir- 
lestane  HousCt  Cheltenham,  Svo,  pp,  42. 
— Thirlestane  House  is  a  spacious  man- 
sion at  Cheltenham,  to  which  Lord  North- 
wick  has  removed  from  London  the  unsold 
portion  of  his  valuable  collection  of  Pic- 
tures, having  erected  a  Gallery  more  than 
eighty  feet  in  length,  by  twenty-six  wide, 
for  their  reception.  The  collection  is  still 
very  numerous,  and  his  Lordship  is  making 
frequent  additions.  As  the  gallery  is 
liberally  opened  on  certain  days  to  the 
public,  the  critical  manual  which  we  now 
mention  cannot  fail  to  be  acceptable. 

Relievo  Map  of  England  and  Wales, — 
This  is  a  production  of  Messrs.  Dobbs,  so 
long  distinguished  for  the  taste  and  beauty 
of  their  embossed  works  ;  a  process  which 
is  here  directed  to  a  useAil  as  well  as  ele- 
gant purpose.  Embossed  Maps  have  al- 
ready appeared  in  France  and  Germany ; 


but  without  sufficient  regard  to  relative 
proportion  in  point  of  reli^>  The  great 
difficulty  attending  representations  of 
mountains  on  Engraved  Maps  is,  to  obtain 
an  exact  coincidence  in  the  vertical  and 
horizontal  scales,  which  is  scai'cely  possi- 
ble even  in  the  largest  maps,  the  horizontal 
scale  being  necessarily  somewhat  exagge- 
rated. With  due  allowance  for  this  un- 
avoidable circumstance,  the  present  Map 
will  be  found  to  approximate  nearer  to 
nature  than  any  thing  of  the  kind  yet  at- 
tempted. The  progressive  degrees  of  ele- 
vation, however  trifling,  are  readily  appre- 
ciated on  the  Map  itself  by  the  eye,  which 
embraces  at  one  view  the  leading  charac- 
teristics of  the  various  districts,  having  be- 
fore it  a  complete  model  of  the  varied  sur- 
face of  the  whole  country.  The  moun- 
tainous peaks  and  ridges  of  North  Wales, 
Cumberland,  and  Westmoreland  present  a 
striking  contrast  to  the  marshy  and  flat 


1843.] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


619 


counties  of  Lincoln  and  Norfolk,  while  the 
numerous  cliffs  stand  in  prominent  relief 
from  the  level  coast  boundary.  The  lines 
of  railway  are  carefully  indicated,  to- 
gether with  the  breaks  which  occur  in 
them  at  the  junction  of  some  of  the 
ranges  of  hills,  where  they  pass  by  means 
of  tunnels ;  a  few  of  the  difficulties  that 
beset  these  great  national  works  are  thus 
rendered  visible  at  a  glance.  Some 
copies  are  coloured  geologicalli/,  from 
an  Index  Map  by  Mr.  Murchison.  This 
is  an  addition  peculiarly  desirable  in  a 
relievo  map.  We  are  glad  to  be  able  to 
add  that  Messrs.  Dobbs  intend  this  Map 
to  form  the  first  of  a  series. 


Prayers  and  Collects  arranged  and 
adapted  for  Domestic  Worship,  l2mo, — 
This  is  a  brief  manual  of  those  prayers  in 
the  Church  Liturgy  which  are  best  suited 
for  the  purposes  of  domestic  worship,  not 
arranged  in  any  precise  form,  but  col- 
lected under  obvious  heads  from  which 
they  may  be  readily  selected  for  use.  Its 
contents,  therefore,  are  unexceptionable, 
whilst  it  cannot  fail  to  be  useful ;  and  its 
exterior  appearance  is  very  pleasing,  the 
pages  being  adorned  with  borders  engraved 
with  patterns  of  flowers,  &c.  in  the  style 
of  the  ancient  missals. 


Tales  of  the  Braganza,  with  Scenes 
and  Sketches,  ByT,  H.  Usbome,  esq, — 
A  volume  of  wild  adventures  and  super- 
natural histories,  in  which  young  ladies 
appear  in  novel  and  rather  startling  cha- 
racters and  situations.  Of  the  two  of  the 
most  beautiful  of  them,  one  turns  out  to 
be  a  reanimated  corpse,  and  the  other — a 
bed-post  f 


Sermons.  By  the  Rev,  W.  G.  Cookes* 
ley,  M,A, — ^The  author  has  spoken  very 
modestly  in  his  preface  of  his  present 
publication.  *'  I  do  not  publish  these  ser- 
mons with  the  idea  of  telling  the  world 
anything  which  it  did  not  know  before, 
but  simply  with  the  hope  of  doing  some 
goodf^*  &c.  To  discover  or  to  unfold  new 
doctrines  in  theology  seems  scarcely  the 
proper  province  of  sermons,  except  in 
rare  and  particular  instances ;  but  the 
author  has  certainly,  in  the  present 
volume,  given  to  the  public  sermons 
which  do  equal  credit  to  his  taste  as  a 
writer,  and  to  his  piety  as  a  divine.  There 
is  among  them  an  excellent  discourse, 
able,  judicious,  and  temperate,  on  the 
Education  of  the  Poor.  We  shall  extract 
a  short  passage:  "The  saying  so  often 
repeated,  <  a  little  knowledge  is  a  danger* 
ous  thing,'  is  true  only  in  a  very  restricted 
sense.  Knowledge  of  evil,  however  small, 
is   of  coarse   not  only  dangerooi   but 


deadly ;  but  knowledge  of  what  is  good, 
however  small,  is  not  only  harmless,  but 
useful  in  the  highest  degree.  It  is  know- 
ledge uncontrolled  and  unsanctified  by 
religion — knowledge  which  is  not  built 
on  the  eternal  rules  of  the  Gospel — know- 
ledge which,  insidiously  professing  to  leave 
religion  as  a  neutral  ground,  in  fact  over- 
throws and  rejects  all  influence  of  religion 
on  conduct, — knowledge  which  is  the 
produce  of  the  mere  brainf  but  has  no- 
thing of  the  heart  in  it ;  knowledge  that 
teaches  men  to  doubt  all  things,  and  to 
dispute  all  things ;  to  suspect  all  spiritual 
truth,  to  despise  all  spiritual  virtue :  such 
is  the  knowledge  of  which  a  little  is  dan- 
gerous, and  not  only  a  little,  but  the  more 
a  man  has  the  more  deplorable  is  his  con- 
dition. Such  knowledge  is  the  natural 
accomplice,  the  sworn  confident  of  sin.** 
There  is  an  excellent  sermon  on  the 
Atonement  (Serm.  x.)  ;  and  one  we  much 
like  on  the  Character  of  Mary  (Sam.  xiv.)  ; 
and  the  last,  '*  On  the  Unity  of  the 
Church,''  is  written  in  a  manner  not  at 
all  inferior  to  the  importance  of  the  sub- 
ject. 


A  Narrative  of  Events  connected  with 
the  publication  of  the  Tracts  for  the 
Times ;  with  Reflections  on  existing  Ten- 
dencies  to  Romanism  ^  and  on  the  present 
Duties  and  Prospects  of  Members  of  the 
Church.  By  the  Rev,  William  Palmer, 
M,A,  of  Worcester  College^  Oxford.^' 
This  is  in  every  respect  a  most  important 
pamphlet,  and  should  be  read  by  every 
person  who  wishes  to  become  acquainted 
with  those  great  questions  which  are  ex- 
citing so  much  interest  at  the  present  time 
among  the  members  of  our  church.  It  is 
exactly  what  might  have  been  expected 
from  the  calm,  clear,  and  dispassionate 
judgment  of  the  distinguished  author. 
Without  entering,  on  the  present  occasion, 
into  the  merits  of  the  <*  Tracts  for  the 
Times,"  it  will  be  sufficient  to  state  that 
Mr.  Palmer,  in  the  work  before  us,  has 
given  the  history  of  that  movement  among 
the  friends  of  the  church  which  was 
imperatively  called  for  some  years  since, 
in  order  to  defend  almost  her  very  ex- 
istence, against  the  attacks  of  the  combined 
forces  of  the  liberals,  radicals,  and  infidels 
of  the  day — a  movement  in  which  it  appears 
that  Mr.  Palmer,  in  common  with  many 
other  eminent  members  of  the  charch, 
took  an  active  part,  and  which  led,  after 
a  short  time,  to  the  publication  of  the 
*  *  Tracts  for  the  Times."  Mr.  Palmer  has 
traced  every  step  of  the  progress  of  this 
movement,  and  has  related  several  cir- 
cumstances, with  regard  to  the  celebrated 
publications  we  have  alluded  to,  which  we 
beliere  are  not  very  generally  known.    J^ 


620 


Miscellaneous  Reviews, 


(pec. 


is  much  to  be  wished  that  the  subjects 
treated  of  in  this  little  work  were  always 
discussed  with  an  equal  measure  of  kind 
and  generous  feeling,  and  in  the  same 
sober  and  chastened  spirit.  We  will  now 
refer  our  readers  to  the  book  itself,  as  we 
are  quite  sure  that  it  must  necessarily 
become  a  work  of  reference  for  those  who 
wish  to  study  the  ecclesiastical  history  of 
the  present  period. 

Narrative  of  the  TVaveU  and  Adventures 
qf  Monsieur  Violet  in  California,  Sonora, 
and  Western  Texas.  Written  by  Captain 
Marryatt,  C.B.  Svo.  3  vols, — It  is  difficult 
to  know  how  to  class  this  work.  It 
certainly  cannot  be  called  a  romance, 
although  the  individual  whose  adventures 
it  relates  is  evidently  an  imaginary  person, 
and  some  of  the  incidents  which  befal  him 
are,  it  must  be  confessed,  rather  romantic 
in  character.  It  may  perhaps  be  con- 
sidered as  an  account  of  travels  ascribed 
to  a  fictitious  individual,  but  in  reality 
recording  adventures  which  happened 
under  the  observation  of  the  author  him- 
self, or  which  he  has  drawn  from  credible 
sources,  and  has  occasionally  embellished 
a  little  in  order  to  add  interest  to  the 
relation.  Be  this  as  it  may,  these  volumes 
undoubtedly  contain  a  great  deal  of  valuable 
information,  much  of  which  it  would  per- 
haps be  difficult  to  meet  with  in  any  one 
work.  We  allude  particularly  to  the 
notices  of  the  Indian  tribes  of  Central  and 
Western  America »  of  whose  manners  and 
habits  these  volumes  give  a  very  interest- 
ing account.  The  information  relative  to 
the  state  of  Texas  also  will  afford  no  little 
insight,  we  are  inclined  to  think,  into  the 
nature  of  that  Transatlantic  freedom  and 
good  government  of  which  so  many  would- 
be  admirers  are  to  be  found  in  this  country. 
The  details  relative  to  the  natural  history 
of  the  various  countries  described  in  these 
volumes  are  very  entertaining,  and,  if  they 
are  to  be  depended  upon,  which  we  see 
no  reason  to  doubt,  are  very  valuable, 
especially  the  account  given  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  third  volume  of  the  monstrous 
reptiles  of  the  alligator  and  tortoise  tribes 
which  infest  the  swamps  and  lagoons  of 
Central  America,  and  present  such  fearful 
dangers  to  the  traveller  in  those  districts. 


The  Banker's  Wife :  a  Tale  hy  Mrs. 
Gore.  Svo.  3  vols. — This  is  a  very  clever 
and  amusing  book,  quite  in  the  authoress's 
peculiar  style ;  that  is  to  say,  it  contains 
much  keen  observation  upon  the  manners 
and  habits  of  the  day,  vnthan  account  of 
society,  which  we  hope,  for  the  sake  of  the 
world  in  which  we  live,  is  in  many  in- 
stances considerably  exaggerated ;  and  all 
this  given  with  much  animation  and  spirit. 


The  chief  personage  in  the  tale,  a  wealthy 
banker,  is  certainly  one  of  the  most 
accomplished  hypocrites  and  consummate 
villains  erer  described  in  a  work  of  fiction. 
In  the  account  of  this  person's  career,  it 
is  not  difficult  to  recognize  proceedings 
which  have,  most  disgracefdlly  for  them- 
selves,  and  most  unhappily  for  those  who 
have  had  any  thing  to  do  with  them,  dis- 
tinguished certain  actors  in  the  commercial 
world  of  late  years.  The  moral  to  be 
drawn  firom  the  tale  is  in  many  respects 
good,  but  the  retribution  which  befals  the 
hero  is  not  sufficiently  striking  or  severe 
to  meet  the  demands  of  strict  justice. 


An  Attempt  to  determine  the  sense  qf 
the  Booh  of  Common  Prayer  on  the  doctrine 
of  Baptismal  Regeneration.  By  the  Rev. 
J.  N.  G.  Armytage,  M.A.  12mo.  pp. 
130. — There  is  a  modesty  in  the  title  of 
this  little  work  which  invites  perusal,  and 
bespeaks  a  candid  judgment.  The  author 
examines  the  various  opinions  on  the  subject 
(as  many  as  three,)  before  he  propounds 
his  own.  It  is  thus  that  darkness  is 
usually  cleared  away  to  make  room  for 
light ;  and  such  a  process  is  necessaryto 
a  due  understanding  of  the  subject.  The 
author's  own  view  is,  arguing  from  the 
language  of  the  Catechism,  that  **  re- 
pentance and  faith  are  demanded  as  pre- 
requisite qualifications ''  for  baptism,  (p. 
64,)  and  that  infants  are  federally 
regenerate,  (p.  68.)  But  this  term, 
however  intelligible  to  theologians,  is, 
unfortunately,  unavailable  for  poj^ular  use. 
We  would  refer  the  reader  to  a  brief  notice 
of  a  volume  entitled  Christ  our  Law, 
(July  1842,  p.  70,)  where  we  endeavoured 
to  shew  that  the  use  of  the  term  regenerate 
is  similar  to  that  of  purged  in  Ezekiel, 
xxiv.  13,  which  implies  bestowing  the 
means,  although  the  process  be  not  yet 
wrought.  By  a  little  consideration  of 
that  verse,  the  author  would,  we  think,  be 
enabled  to  put  the  subject  into  a  clearer 
light,  and  to  supply  that  link  which  is 
wanting  at  present  to  make  the  chain 
of  his  argument  complete. 

The  Perils  of  the  Nation :  an  Appeal 
to  the  Legislature,  the  Clergy,  and  the 
higher  and  middle  classes.  C^own  Svo. 
pp.  xliv.  399.— The  author  of  this  work 
perceives  symptoms  of  danger  in  almost 
every  part  of  our  social  frame,  considered 
under  the  following  heads :  Power  and 
Weakness  (of  England)  ;  Manufacturing 
Poor  ;  Mining  Poor  ;  Commercial  Poor  ; 
Agricultural  Poor;  The  Selfish  Princi- 
ple ;  Want  of  Sanitory  Regulations ; 
Errors  of  the  day ;  Pauperism ;  Educa- 
tion. He  specially  directs  his  hortatory 
chaptisrs  to  the  Ministers  of  the  CrowDi 


1843.] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews.^^The  Annuals, 


621 


the  Bishops  of  the  Church,  the  Clergy,  the 
Magistrates,  the  Legal  and  Medical  Pro- 
fessions. He  is  an  advocate  for  the  sub- 
division of  parishes,  in  order  to  secure  a 
more  efficient  pastoral  care  than  the 
present  state  of  the  population  admits  of. 
An  entire  chapter  is  devoted  to  the  sub- 
ject of  Female  Influence,  as  being  mighty 
for  good  or  evil,  in  respect  of  **  domestic 
servants,  interest  in  charity-schools  and 
their  proper  management,  household  ar- 
rangements, shopping  transactions,  em- 
ployment of  milUners.''  Some  of  these 
topics  may  seem  of  little  importance,  in 
connexion  with  the  Perils  of  the  Natiotif 
but  the  facts  and  reasonings  which  the 
author  adduces  are  of  a  frightful  charac- 
ter, and  fully  justify  their  insertion. 

One  of  the  evils  which  the  author  de- 
nounces, as  prevalent  in  the  present  day, 
is  the  universal  desire  for  buying  cheap. 
The  effects  of  this  passion  (for  such  it  has 
become)  are  very  injurious.  Low  prices, 
scarcely  remunerating,  are  put  upon  arti- 
cles ;  inferior  goods,  that  bear  nominally 
low  prices,  are  manufactured ;  a  conten- 
tious, and  often  a  ruinous,  competition  is 
produced  among  tradesmen  ;  and  a  sickly 
state  of  commerce  ensues.  The  author 
shows  the  bad  efifects  of  such  a  system  on 
the  labourer,  particularly  on  the  better 
class,  whose  occupations  require  educa- 
tion, and  whom  he  denominates  the 
"  Commercial  Poor." 


j4  Charge  delivered  at  the  Primary 
MetropoHHcal  Visitatitm,  1842-3.  By 
Daniel,  Bishop  of  Calcutta^  and  Metro* 
politan  of  India*  8vo.  pp.  xxiii.  132. — 
Many  of  our  readers  may  not  be  aware 
that  Metropolitical  Visitations,  though  not 
made  in  England,  are  made  in  Ireland, 
in  the  several  provinces.  The  English 
church  in  India  has  been  framed  on  the 
same  plan.  The  Charge  now  printed  was 
delivered  to  the  Clergy  of  the  three  dio- 
ceses of  Calcutta,  Madras,  and  Bombay ; 
and,  as  being  the  first  of  its  kind  in  India, 
naturally  possesses  an  interest  of  no  ordi- 
nary character.  A  most  solemn  tone  of 
piety  pervades  it,  which,  practically, 
is  the  best  commendation  of  such  a 
document.  With  regard  to  the  questions 
which  now  agitate  the  church,  the  bishop 
condemns  the  principles  and  conduct  of 
the  Tractarian  leaders,  and  characterizes 
the  Plymouth  brethren  as  manifesting 
'*  the  most  deplorable  ignorance,  conceit, 
and  presumption."  llie  bishop,  how- 
ever, anticipates  that  such  folly  as  this 
last  wiU  be  evanescent.  The  outline  of 
study  suggested,  (p.  28 — 9,)  to  the  clergy 
in  India,  admits  neither  of  indolence  or 
self-sufficiency.  '*  I  would  recommend 
you  to  be  always  students."    While  he 


advises  them  to  read  **  some  of  the  chief 
writings  of  the  fathers  and  of  our  Re- 
formers, foreign  and  domestic,  as  oppor- 
tunity serves,"  he  gives  in  an  appendix  an 
abstract  of  Daill^,  On  the  Right  Use  of 
the  Fathers.  In  the  Appendix,  No.  2, 
he  recommends  Bishop  M^Ilvaine*s  recent 
work  (Oxford  Divinity  compared,)  term- 
ing it  powerful  and  conclusive,  and  also 
Mr.  Faber's  (The  Provincial  Letters.) 
On  Mr.  Newman's  Lectures  on  Justifica- 
tion he  passes  a  severe  censure,  consider- 
ing them  '*  the  greatest  insult— not  in- 
tentionally, of  course,  but  in  fact,  the 
greatest  insult  ever  offered  to  our  ehurch, 
and  the  whole  body  of  our  Reformers,  by 
any  divine  of  talent  and  reputation  for 
orthodoxy,  since  the  16th  century,'' 
p.  100.)  He  observes,  that  "  the  primary 
error  of  Dr.  Pusey  and  Mr.  Newman  is. 
the  imposing  of  a  new  and  unscripturai 
sense  on  the  word  Justification,  without 
support  or  colour  of  support,  and  with  no 
authority  but  the  traditionary  opinions  of 
the  schoolmen  and  the  council  of  Trent," 
(p.  101.)  The  third  Appendix  contains 
some  passages  delivered  at  separate  places  | 
and  the  fourth  is  the  substance  of  re- 
marks made  on  the  Syrian  Christians,  in. 
a  Charge  to  the  Missionaries  at  Cottyam, 
on  the  coast  of  Malabar.  His  opinion  of 
the  present  state  of  that  ancient  com- 
munity is  not  very  favourable. 

ANNUALS  FOB   1844. 

Friendship's  Offering,  1844.  —  This 
pleasing  Annual  has  this  year  shot  up 
into  an  increased  beauty.  Not  only  is  it 
enlarged  in  size,  but  enriched  in  orna- 
ment. The  embellishments  are  elegant^ 
and  the  engravings  are  wdl  execnted. 
There  are  ten  of  these,  with  twenty-five 
illustrations  engraved  on  wood.  The 
names  of  the  poetical  contributors  are  such 
as  need  no  commendation  of  ours  to 
render  them  attractive.  B.  Comwallf 
Mrs.  S.  C.  Hall,  Lady  Emmeline  Wortley, 
Leitch  Ritchie,  Mr.  Tupper,  &c.  are  per- 
sons whose  talents  are  nniversally  ac- 
knowledged, and  they  have  exerted  them 
successfully  on  the  present  occasion.  But 
our  extracts  must  be  very  limited ;  and 
we  must  leave  to  the  reader  the  pleasing 
task  of  discovering  which  is  of  superior 
excellence,  and  of  comparing  the  merits  of 
the  different  writers.  We  uiaQ  begin  by 
extracting  the  first  poem  in  the  book— A 
being  the  production  of  him  whose  name 
stands  first  in  honour  as  in  place. 

TO   OUR  NBIOHBOUR'S  HBALTH. 

Send  the  red  wine  round  to-night ; 

For  the  blast  is  bitter  cold. 
Let  us  ring  a  song  that's  light : 

Merry  rhymes  are  good  as  gold. 


622     TuE  AiiSVALfi»— Friendship's  Offering. — Forget  me  Not.     [Dec, 


Here* 8  unto  our  neighbour's  health ! 

Ob,  he  plays  the  better  part  ;* 
Doing  good,  but  not  by  stealth : — 

Is  he  not  a  noble  heart  ? 

Should  you  bid  me  tell  his  name, — 
Show  wherein  his  virtues  dwell ; 

'Faith,  (I  speak  it  to  my  shame,) 
I  should  scarce  know  what  to  tell. 

"  Is  he—?"—"  Sir,  he  is  a  thing 
Cast  in  common  human  clay  ; 

'Tween  a  beggar  and  a  king ; 
Fit  to  order  or  obey." 

**  He  is,  then,  a  soldier  brave  ?" — 
**  No :  he  doth  not  kill  his  kin, 

Pampering  the  luxurious  grave 
With  the  blood  and  bones  of  sin." 

**  Or  a  judge?"— "  He  doth  not  sit, 
Making  hucksters'  bargains  plain ; 

Piercing  cobwebs  with  his  wit, 
Cutting  tangled  knots  in  twain." 

*'  He  is  an  abbot,  then,  at  least  ?" — 
**  No :  he's  neither  proud  nor  blythe ; 

Nor  a  stall-fed  burly  beast, 

Gluttoning  on  the  pauperis  tithe. 

"  He  is  brave,  but  he  is  meek  ; 

Not  as  judge  or  soldier  seems  ; 
Not  like  abbot,  proud  and  sleek  ; 

Yet  his  dreams  are  starry  dreams, — 

"  Such  as  lit  the  world  of  old 
Through  the  darkness  of  her  way ; 

Such  as  might,  if  clearly  told, 
Guide  blind  Future  into  day. 

*'  Never  hath  he  sought  to  rise 
On  a  friend's  or  neighbour's  fall ; 

Never  slurred  a  foe  with  lies ; 
Never  shrank  from  Hunger's  call. 

**  But  from  morning  until  eve, 
And  through  Autumn  unto  Spring, 

He  hath  kept  his  course,  (believe,) 
Courting  neither  slave  nor  king. 

"  He, — whatever  be  his  name. 

For  I  know  it  not  aright, — 
He  deserves  a  wider  fame  : — 

Come  1  here's  to  his  health  to-night !" 

We  add  a  Sonnet  called  Nero  Metroc- 
tonos.    By  A.  M.  Wood. 

With  murmur  musical  the  flowing  tide 
Laved  the  dark  outline  of  the  Baian  shore. 
When  the  low  plashing  of  the  dripping  oar 
Was  heard,  and  through  the  clear  obscure  des. 

cried 
A  regal  bark,  distinct,— for  night  denied 
Her  shadows,  and  the  coronal  she  wore 
Of  sparkling  stars  beamed  on  the  prow,  that 
Tlie  destined  victim  of  the  parricide.        [bore 
O  fearftil  power  of  guilt !— the  scene  around, 

*  This  is  a  little  too  dose  an  imitation 
of  Mr.  Tennyson's  style  and  language. 


That  every  sense  with  placid  gladness  fills, 
To  him  henceforth  is  fraught  with  dread  alone ; 
He  hears  a  menacing  and  thrilling  sound 
Like  trumpets*  clang  reverberate  from  the  hills. 
And  from  his  mother's  grave  a  wailing  moan. 

The  «'  Bridal  VUit,"  by  Mrs.  Abdy,  is 
written  with  cleverness  and  humour,  of 
which  the  two  following  stanzas  are  a  fair 
specimen. 

All  poured  in  his  ear  the  perfections 

Of  his  fair  one,  the  wonder  of  earth : 
Such  a  mind !  such  a  soul !  such  affections ! 

Such  meekness,  discretion,  and  worth  I 
Then  such  talent— time  only  could  show  it ; 

It  would  make  life  so  joyously  glide 
As  to  prove  the  sweet  words  of  the  poet, 

That  *'  the  wife  is  more  dear  than  the  bride." 

And  the  lady,  meanwhile,  was  delighted 

By  the  whispers  of  many  a  voice : 
All  merits,  they  vowed,  were  united 

In  the  fortunate  man  of  her  choice ; 
'*  Such  eyes !  such  a  sound  understanding  I"— 

Then  they  praised  her  new  harp,  and  worked 
chairs. 
The  timepiece  that  stood  on  the  landing. 

And    the  greenhouse   half  way  down  the 
stairs." 

The  "  Walk  in  Chamouni,"  signed  J. 
R.  and  the  Plate  called  Le  Glacier  des 
Bois,  we  perceive  to  be  by  Mr.  J.  Ruskin, 
but  the  poem  is  too  long  to  extract ;  there 
is  also  another  poem,  **  the  Battle  of 
Montenotte,"  by  the  same  gentleman,  and 
a  view  of  Genoa. 


Forget  Me  Not, — Of  the  eleven  plates 
to  this  little  volume,  the  greater  part  are 
interesting  from  the  subject,  and  executed 
with  spirit  and  feeling,  particularly  the 
seventh  (the  View  of  Richmond),  and 
the  tenth  (the  Manor-House  of  the  Wynd- 
hams)  .*  Among  the  names  of  the  poetical 
contributors  are  those  of  Mr.  Quillinan, 
the  late  Miss  Landon,  Miss  Mitford,  Lady 
Blessington,  Miss  Agnes  Strickland,  and 
others  of  lesser  fame.  There  is  also  an 
unpublished  poem  by  Thomson,  and  a 
letter  by  Byron,  not  in  his  works.  Among 
the  prose  tales,  the  one  we  like  best  is 
the  Pleasure  Party,  by  Robert  Bell,  esq. 
which  is  minute  without  tediousness,  and 
humorous    without    exaggeration.      We 


♦  We  think  "  the  Novice,"  p.  87,  is  in 
great  danger  of  falling  fast  asleep,  before 
her  wreath  of  roses  is  finished.  The  you ng 
lady,  p.  15,  has  evidently  been  put  into 
a  deep  slumber  by  the  book  she  has  been 
reading,  which  we  are  credibly  informed 
was  a  late  volume  of  sermons  by  the  Rev. 

Mr.  M ,  which  she  could  not  rightly 

understand  whether  it  was  written  in  prose 
or  verse,  nor  in  truth  can  we* 


1843.] 


New  Publications. 


623 


must  make  one  single  extract  from  our 
favourite  female  writer. 

ENDURING  WOE. 

From  the  German  of  Zimmermann, 
By  Mary  Howitt, 

The  leaves  come  vi^hirling  from  the  trees, 
The  autumn  wind  blows  chill : 

Know  you  the  old  decaying  house 
In  the  wood  so  deep  and  still  ? 

The  yellow  leaves  lie  thick  around, 

The  winds  wail  all  about ; 
A  pale  and  lovely  countenance 

Looks  from  the  window  out. 

That  pale  and  lovely  face,  how  calm 

It  looks  in  evening  grey ! 
The  lady  who  has  spoke  to  none, 

To  none  a  word  will  say. 

No  serving-man  hath  she,  no  maid, 
To  no  man's  voice  gives  heed  ; 

A  sound  is  heard  when  day  declines 
As  of  a  coming  steed. 

Like  a  horse*s  tread,  it  comes  a-near  : 
She  listens — forth  she  bends  ; 

And  lo !  an  old  grey-headed  knight 
Before  the  door  descends. 

He  climbs  the  stairs ;  and  now  a  kiss 

Upon  her  brow  imprest, 
**  How  art  thou  now,  dear  child  ?"  said  he. 

And  held  her  to  his  breast. 

They  sate  them  to  a  table  of  stone. 
And  looked  with  looks  of  woe  ; 

'*  Sing  me,"  said  he,  **  that  little  song 
As  thou  didst  long  ago." 


She  answered,  "  Ah !  how  gay  I  was 
When  Love*s  young  morning  shone  ! 

But  now,  old  man,  *tis  so  no  more. 
My  young  friend — he  is  gone. 

**  I  deck  my  hair  with  rosemary, 

My  funeral  crown  to  be  ; 
Thou  know'st,  old  man,  thou  knowest  well, 

Thy. only  son  was  he." 

In  a  ghostly  voice  the  old  man  spoke, 

In  a  ghostly  voice  replied, 
"  He  fell  in  the  joyous  strength  of  youth, 

In  the  ocean-fight  he  died ! 

"  For  the  honour  of  my  Lord  he  fell, 
Mangled  with  sword  and  shot ; 

I  gladly  gave  my  Lord  my  all, 
My  son  withheld  I  not. 

"  My  Lord  is  dead — thy  love  is  dead — 

Like  sorrow  for  us  two ; 
The  world  plays  now  another  game, 

With  which  we've  nought  to  do. 

**  The  world  turns  topsy-turvy  now, 
And  lauds  the  new  as  prime  ; 

But  we — we  have  our  bitter  grief, 
And  memory  of  old  time. 

'*  And  with  us  two  the  play  is  play'd. 
Thou  'rt  weak  and  I  am  old." 

The  yellow  leaves  whirPd  round  the  house, 
The  autumn  wind  blew  cold. 

Who  had  been  there  had  wept  to  hear 

The  two  so  sadly  speak ; 
But  there  was  not  a  sigh  or  tear 

On  either  woful  cheek. 


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4L 


626 


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Rev.  Lewis  1*agb  Mercier,  B.  A. 
Written  for  and  used  by  the  Senior 
Classes  of  the  Collegiate  School  (Glas- 
gow).     12mo.  3*.  6d. 

Selections  from  the  Kur-^n,  commonly 
called  in  England  the  Koran,  with  an  in- 
terwoven Commentary,  translated  from 
the  Arabic,  methodically  arranged,  and 
illustrated  by  Notes,  chiefly  from  Sale's 
Edition.  By  Edward  William  Lane. 
8vo.  10«.  6 J. 

A  Collection  of  English  Miracle  Plays 
or  Mysteries,  containing  ten  Dramas  from 
the  Chester,  Coventry,  and  Towneley  Se- 
ries :  with  two  of  later  date,  and  a  Glos- 
sary. To  which  is  prefixed  an  Historical 
Description  of  Plays,  By  W.  Marriot, 
Ph.D.     8vo.  8*. 

Alphabet  Album :  a  Collection  of  His- 
torical and  Ornamental  Alphabets,  from 
the  earliest  date  to  the  present  time.  Co- 
pied from  the  Manuscripts  in  the  Princi- 
pal Libraries  of  Europe,  by  Monsieur 
SiLVESTRE.     Sixty  folio  plates.    36«. 

Law, 

Treatise  on  the  Evidence  of  Abstracts 
of  Titles  to  Real  Property.  By  John 
Yate  Lee,  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  Barrister. 
8vo.  \Gs, 

The  Criminal  Law  and  its  Sentences, 
in  Treasons,  Felonies,  and  Misdemeanors : 
with  an  Addendum,  including  all  Statut- 
able Alterations  and  Additions  down  to 
the  present  time.  By  Peter  Burke, 
esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Barrister ^at 
Law.     Ss. 

The  English  Bar,  or  Guide  to  the  Inns 
of  Court :  comprising  an  Historical  Out- 
line of  all  the  Inns  of  Court ;  the  Regu- 
lations of  the  Inns  for  the  Admission  of 
Students  and  Calling  to  the  Bar  ;  List  of 
the  Judges,  Serjeants-at-Law,  of  the 
Benchers,  &c.     By  G.  Goldsmith,  bt. 

Medicine. 

6uy*8  Hospital  Reports,  Second  Series, 
Vol.  1.  8vo.  17«.  6d, 

The  Oculist's  Vade-Mecum :  a  com- 
plete Practical  system  of  Ophthalmic  Sur- 
gery. With  numerous  engravings.  By 
J.  Walker.     12mo.  10«.  Gd, 

Practical  Treatise  on  Organic  Diseases 
of  the  Uterus,  being  the  Prize  Essay  to 
which  the  Medical  Society  of  London 
awarded  the  Fothergillian  Gold  Medal  for 
1841.  By  John  C.  W.  Lever,  M.D. 
8vo.  9*. 

Practical  Manual ;  containing  a  De- 
scription of  the  general  Chemical  and  Mi- 
croscopical Characters  of  the  Blood  and 
Secretions  of  the  Human  Body.  By  John 
Wm.  Griffith,  M.D.F.L.S.  &c.  l2mo. 
70  plates,  3s, 


Science  and  Arts, 


The  Heavens  Illustrated,  in  a  Series  of 
Plates  displaying  the  most  beautiful  Ce- 
lestial Phenomena,  with  popular  Descrip-^ 
tions.  Royal  4to.  with  20  coloured  plates 
and  other  engravings.     Ts,  6d. 

The  Invisible  Universe  Disclosed,  or 
the  Real  Plan  and  Government  of  the 
Universe.  By  Henry  Coleman  John- 
RON,  esq.     Crown  8vo.  7*. 

Observations  on  Days  of  unusual  Mag- 
netic Disturbance,  made  at  the  British 
Colonial  Magnetic  Observatories,  under 
the  Departments  of  the  Ordnance  and 
Admiralty.  Printed  for  the  British  Go- 
vernment, under  the  Superintendence  of 
Lieut.-Col.  E. Sabine.  Parti  (1840-41). 
4to.  10«.  6d, 

Hints  and  Suggestions  for  a  New  Theo- 
ry of  the  Tides.  By  Lieut.  Charles 
Hopkins,  R.N.    8vo.  1«. 

The  Application  of  Geology  to  Agri- 
culture, and  to  the  Improvements  and 
Valuation  of  Land,  with  the  Nature  and 
Properties  of  Soils,  and  the  Principles  of 
Cultivation.  By  Nicholas  Whitley, 
Land  Surveyor.     8vo.  7*.  6^. 

Practical  Mineralogy ;  or,  a  Compendi- 
um of  the  distinguishing  Characters  of 
Minerals.  By  Edward  J.  Chapman. 
8vo.  with  13  engravings,  shewing  274 
specimens,  78. 

Tables  of  the  Characteristics  of  Chemi- 
cal Substances  ;  adapted  to  facilitate 
Chemical  Analysis.  By  Simon  Shaw, 
LL.D.     8vo.  58. 

New  Methods  of  Alkalimetry,  and  of 
determining  the  Commercial  Value  of 
Acids  and  Manganese.  By  Drs.  C.  H. 
Fresbnius  and  H.  Will.  Edited  by  J. 
Lloyd  Bullock.     12mo.  48. 

Tables  of  Equivalents  of  the  Element- 
ary and  Compound  Bodies  systematically 
adapted  as  Tables  of  Equivalents  or  as 
Chemical  Tables.  By  Charles  Burton 
and  Warren  De  la  Rue.  Part.  1. 
4to.  48. 

Conversations  on  Arithmetic.  By  Mrs. 
Henry  Ayrbs.    12mo.  68, 

Natural  History  f  li(c. 

Observations  on  Instinct.  By  George 
F.  Hetherington,  M.D.  F.S.A.  Part 
2,  8vo.  \8,  6d, 

Genealogy. 

County  Genealogies — Pedigrees  of  Hert- 
fordshire Families.  Collected  by  Wil- 
liam Berry.     Fol.  3/.  \0s. 

Numismatics. 

Coins  of  the  Romans  relating  to  Bri- 
tain, described  and  illustrated.  With  six 
plates,  containing  representations  of  up- 


181.3.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  JnteHigcnce. 


627 


Tirards  of  Fifty  Coins  relating  to  the  Pro- 
vince of  Britain.  By  John  Yongb 
Akrrman.  The  Second  Edition,  greatly 
enlarged.     8vo.  10«.  Qd, 

Fine  Arts. 

Manual  of  Fresco  and  Encanstic  Paint- 
ing; containing  ample  Instructions  for 
executing  works  of  these  descriptions : 
with  an  Historical  Memoir  of  these  Arts 
from  the  earliest  period.  By  W.  B. 
SANsriBLD  Taylor,  Curator  of  the  Liv- 
ing Model  Academy.     I2mo.  7«.  Qd, 

A  Series  of  Compositions  from  the  Li- 
turgy. By  John  Bbll,  Sculptor.  No.  I. 
The  Lord*s  Prayer,  4to.  six  engravings,  3«. 

Drawing  Book  of  Objects :  Studies  from 
Still  Life,  for  Young  Pupils  and  Drawing 
Classes  in  Schools.    Is,  6d, 

English  Landscape  Scenery.  An  Ad- 
vanced Drawing  Book :  Twenty-four 
Sketches  from  Nature.     7«.  6d, 

First  Lessons  on  Landscape,  in  Pro- 
gressive Studies  for  Beginners.  Drawn 
from  Nature  and  on  Stone,  by  F.  J.  Ford. 
7*.  Gd. 

Annuals, 

Ackermann's  Forget* Me-Not>  a  Christ- 
mas, New  Year's,  and  Birthday  Present, 
1844.  Edited  by  Frederic  Shobbkl.  12s, 

Friendship's  Offering  of  Sentiment  and 
Mirth,  1844.     8vo.   12*. 

HeatVs  Book  of  Beauty,  1844.  Edited 
by  the  Countess  pf  Blessinoton. 
Royal  8vo.  2ls, 

Keepsake,  1844.  Edited  by  the  Coun- 
tess OF  Blessington.    Royal  8vo.  21«. 

Picturesque  Annual,  1844.  The  Ame- 
rican in  Paris  during  the  Summer.  By 
M.  Jules  Janin.     Royal  8vo.  2U. 

Fisher's  Drawiog-Room  Scrap-Book, 
1844.  By  the  Author  of  **  The  Women 
of  England."    4to.  21*. 

Juvenile  Scrap-Book  for  1844.  By  the 
Author  of  "  The  Women  of  England." 
Crown  8vo.  8*. 

Preparing  for  Publication, 

The  New  Testament  of  our  Lord  and 
Saviour  Jesus  Christ;  with  Numismatic 
and  other  Notes,  and  Engravings  of  many 
Ancient  Coins  from  the  originals  in  the 
Collection  of  the  British  Museum,  and 
the  Cabinets  of  Paris,  Vienna,  &c.  By 
John  Yonge  Akerman,  F.S.A.  in  one 
Volume  octavo. 


The  MS.  Diary  and  other  Papers  of 
the  Rev.  Gilbert  White,  of  Selbome,  have 
lately  been  purchased  by  George  Soaper, 
esq.  of  Guildford. 

university  of  cambkxdoe. 
(Ht,  31.    The  Seatonian.  prize  of  ;^40 


for  the  best  English  Sacred  Poem, — sub- 
ject, **  Faith f  HopCf  and  Charity t'*  was 
adjudged  by  the  Euminers  to  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Rawson  Birks,  M.A.  Fellow  of 
Trinity  college. 

GRRSHAM    COLLEGB. 

Nov,  2.  The  ceremonial  of  the  re- 
opening of  Gresham  College,  in  the  new 
hall  in  Basinghall-street,  took  place  at 
two  o'clock.  This  institution,  as  is  gene- 
rally known,  was  founded  by  the  celebrated 
Sir  Thomas  Gresham  in  the  reign  of 
Queen  Elizabeth.  That  Prince  of  English 
merchants  bequeathed  his  own  magnificent 
mansion  in  Broad-street,  with  a  suitable 
endowment,  for  the  purposes  of  the 
college.  That  building  escaped  the  great 
fire  of  London,  but  in  1767  the  site  was 
pitched  upon  by  the  government  for  the 
erection  of  a  new  Excise  Office,  and  it  was 
accordingly  surrendered  by  the  trustees 
of  the  college,  on  consideration  of  a  per- 
petual annuity  of  500/. ;  the  trustees  agree- 
ing to  pay  1800/.  towards  the  expense  of 
pulling  down  their  own  building !  This 
extraordinary  transaction  had  the  effect 
of  mining  the  college.  A  small  room  in . 
the  Royal  Exchange,  capable  of  holding 
some  five  and  twenty  persons,  was  allptted 
to  the  professors  for  the  delivery  of  their 
lectures,  and  the  consequence  was,  that 
the  lectures  ceased  to  be  delivered,  and 
the  appointments  became  sinecures.  When 
the  Royal  Exchange  was  burnt,  a  few 
years  since,  the  preparations  for  rebuild- 
ing it  directed  attention  to  the  state  of 
Gresham  College.  A  claim  was  made  on 
its  behalf  for  suitable  accommodation  in 
the  Royal  Exchange ;  but  the  matter  was 
settled  by  the  erection  of  the  spacious  and 
handsome  building  now  opened. 

The  lecture-hall  will  conveniently  ac- 
commodate 500  or  600  persons.  The 
Lord  Mayor  was  present  in  state,  with 
several  of  the  civic  functionaries,  the 
members  of  the  Gresham  committee,.  &c. 
After  prayer  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Birch, 
a  hymn  was  sung  by  the  vocal  band  as- 
sembled for  the  musical  part  of  the 
ceremonial.  The  academical  business  of 
the  college  was  then  commenced  by  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Pullen,  A.M.,  Professor  of 
Astronomy,  who  delivered  a  lecture  on 
that  science,  to  which  he  gave, .  very 
happily,  the  character  of  an  address  to 
the  audience  on  the  occasion  which  had 
brought  them  together.  In  giving  a 
general  and  popular  view  of  the  prc^gress 
of  modern  astronomy,  he  pointed  out  the 
large  share  which  Gresham  College  had 
in  this  progress,  from  the  labours  and  dii- 
coveries  of  the  illustrious  men  who  wer« 
9mong  its  professors..  After  this  address, 
^  ode  on  the  occauon  wm  sung.    The 


r)28 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


[Dec. 


vocal  performen  were,  Miss  Rainforth, 
Miss  Dolby,  Messrs.  Hobbs,  Hawkins, 
Roe,  and  Phillips.  The  two  organists  of 
St.  Paul's  and  Westminster  Abbey,  with 
Mr.  Lindley,  sustained  the  accompani- 
ments. The  whole  performance  was 
greatly  applauded. 

THE    HISTORICAL    SOCIRTT,    DUBLIN. 

Nov.  16.  This  celebrated  Society,  con- 
spicuous in  the  annals  of  Irish  eloquence, 
and  which  is  said  to  have  been  the 
cradle  of  the  genius  of  Burke,  Grattan, 
nunkett,  Bnshe,  Curran,  Croker,  North, 
Perrin,  Doherty,  and  many  others,  which, 
after  an  existence  of  half  a  century,  had 
been  dissolved  in  1815,  was  revived  by 
a  meeting  this  evening.  The  Provost  of 
Trinity  College  was  in  the  chair ;  and  there 
were  present  Dr.  McDonnell,  Rev.  Mr. 
Sadler,  Rev.  Mr.  Graves,  Rev.  Dr.  Luby, 
Rev. Mr.  M'Neice,Mr.  Jellett,Ven.  Arch- 
deacon Magee,  all  Fellows  of  Trin.  Coll. 
&c.  &c.  An  eloquent  opening  address 
was  read  by  W.  C.  Magee,  esq.,  ex- 
Scholar  (grandson  of  the  late  archbishop) 
which  will  be  printed  at  the  expense  of 
the  society. 

Mr.  Foote,  one  of  the  old  committee  of 
seven,  and  who  has  held  the  books  for 
twenty-eight  years,  read  several  letters 
from  the  quondam  Provost,  Dr.  Elrington, 
afterwards  Bishop  of  Cloyne,  proving  that 
he  had  been,  not  (as  was  stated)  opposed 
to  the  existence  of  this  society,  but  that 
he  had  frequently  and  kindly  remonstrated 
with  them  upon  the  course  they  were  pur- 
suing, in  introducing politicalsubjectsof  de- 
bate. For  the  future,  in  order  to  prevent 
a  recurrence  of  such  irregularities  and  dis- 
cussions as  led  to  its  former  ejection  from 
the  walls  of  the  University,  one  of  the 
Fellows  of  Trinity  College  will  preside  at 
the  weekly  meeting.  All  the  records  and 
property  of  the  former  society  have  been 
restored  to  the  present  one  by  the  heads 
of  the  University  ;  and  under  such  patron- 
age and  control  we  may  look  for  valuable 
fruits  from  a  society  of  this  kind. 


LONDON  INSTITUTION. 

The  lectures  at  this  Institution  for  the 
present  season  are  arranged  as  follow : — 

Six  on  the  Correlation  of  Physical  Forces, 
by  W.  R.  Grove,  esq.  M.A.  F.R.S.  Pro- 
fessor of  Experimental  Philosophy  in  the 
Institution;  Nov.  13,  «0,  27,  Dec.  4, 11, 
and  18.  Six  on  the  Functions  of  Organic 
Life  in  the  Animal  Kingdom,  by  R.  D. 
Grainger,  esq. ;  Nov.  16,  23,  30,  Dec.  7, 
14,  and  21.  Two  on  American  Litera- 
ture, with  especial  reference  to  American 
Poetry,  by  Robert  Howe  Gould,  esq. 
M.A. ;  Jan.  4  and  11.  Two  on  the  Phi- 
losophy of  a  Candle,  by  Professor  Grore; 


Jan.  8  and  15.  Six  on  the  Chemiitry 
of  Vegetable  Life,  by  George  Fownes, 
esq. ;  Jan.  18,  25,  Feb.  1,  8,  15,  and  28. 
Two  on  Gems  and  other  Ornamental 
Stones  used  in  Jewellery,  by  James  Ten- 
nant,  esq.  ;  Jan.  22  and  29.  Four  de- 
scriptive of  a  Voyage  firom  England  to  the 
Mediterranean  Sea,  with  an  account  of  a 
visit  to  most  of  the  principal  Sea  Ports, 
by  James  Silk  Buckingham,  esq. ;  Feb. 
5,  12,  19  and  26.  Six  on  the  Ballads  and 
Lyrical  Music  of  England,  Scotland,  and 
Ireland,  by  H.  J.  Gaundett,  esq.  Mas. 
Doe. ;  Feb.  29,  March  7,  14,  21,  28,  and 
April  4.  Six  on  Machinery,  by  Edward 
Cowper,  esq. ;  March  4, 11, 18,  25,  April 
1  and  8.  Four  on  the  subordinate  Cha- 
racters in  the  Plays  of  Shakspere,  by 
Charles  Cowden  Clarke,  esq. ;  April  11, 
18,  25,  and  May  2.  Four  on  the  Fine 
Arts,  by  B.  R.  flaydon,  esq. ;  April  15, 
22,  29,  and  May  6.  Four  ConTersazioni 
will  be  held  on  the  erenings  of  Wednes- 
day, Jan.  17,  Feb.  21,  March  20,  and 
April  17,  1844. 

THE  SYDENHAM  SOCIETY. 

The  first  general  meeting  of  this  Society 
was  held  at  the  rooms  of  the  Royal  Me- 
dico-Chirurgical  Society  on  the  1st  of  May, 
Shr  Henry  Halford,  Bart,  in  the  chair. 
The  Report  of  the  Provisional  Council, 
which  was  read,  contained  a  brief  state- 
ment  of  the  origin  of  the  Society,  and  of 
the  proceedings  of  «those  who  have  taken 
upon  themselves  its  formation  and  manage- 
ment.  It  is  well  known  that,  within  the 
last  few  years,  several  societies  have  been 
formed,  with  the  view  of  snppWing  and 
diffusing  works  in  various  branches  of  li- 
terature, in  a  more  efficient  manner,  and 
at  a  much  smaller  cost,  than  could  be 
effected  by  individual  efforts ;  and  the 
Camden,  the  Parker,  and  the  Percy  So- 
cieties may  be  mentioned  as  examples  of 
the  great  success  which  has  attended  such 
associations.  To  Drs.  Joseph  and  William 
Bullar,  of  Southampton,  the  credit  appears 
due,  of  having  first  entertained  the  idea 
of  applying  the  principles  of  such  societies 
to  the  diffusion  of  medical  literature.  But 
the  desirableness  of  such  a  scheme  appears 
to  have  presented  itself  to  the  minds  of 
several  members  of  the  profession  at  dif- 
ferent times,  and  was  the  subject  of  con- 
versation at  a  meeting  of  the  Provincial 
Medical  Association  held  at  Exeter  in  July 
last  (in  consequence  of  a  letter  from  Dr. 
Branson,  of  Sheffield),  and  of  several 
communications  that  have  appeared  in 
some  of  the  medical  journals.  In  the 
beginning  of  the  present  year,  a  meeting 
of  several  gentlemen  was  held  at  the  house 
of  Dr.  Copland,  to  dlsonn  the  desirable- 
ness and  feasibility  of  the  formation  of  the 


i843.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence, 


629 


present  Society,  and  tbe  best  mode  of 
bringing  it  before  the  profession.  After 
much  consideration  and  numerous  meet- 
ings, it  was  determined  that  the  means 
by  which  the  objects  of  the  proposed  So* 
ciety  would  best  be  carried  into  effect, 
would  be  by  distributing  among  its  mem- 
bers,— 

1.  Reprints  of  standard  English  medical 
works  which  are  rare  and  expensive. 

2.  Miscellaneous  selections  from  the 
ancient  and  from  the  earlier  modern  au- 
thors, reprinted  or  translated. 

3.  Digests  of  the  most  important  mat- 
ters contained  in  old  and  voluminous  au- 
thors, British  and  foreign,  with  occasional 
Biographical  and  Bibliographical  notices. 

4.  Translations  of  the  Greek  and  Latin 
medical  authors,  and  of  works  in  the 
Arabic  and  other  eastern  languages,  ac- 
companied, when  it  is  thought  desirable, 
by  the  original  text. 

5.  Translations  of  recent  foreign  works 
of  merit. 

6.  Original  works  of  great  merit ;  which 
might  be  very  valuable  as  books  of  refer- 
ence, but  which  would  not  otherwise  be 
published,  from  not  being  likely  to  have  a 
remunerating  sale, — such  as  classified 
Bibliographies,  and  Alphabetical  Indexes 
to  periodical  publications,  and  other  vo- 
luminous works. 

Notwithstanding  that  there  is  reason  to 
think  the  existence  of  the  Society  is  still 
but  imperfectly  known,  so  cordially  have 
its  objects  been  approved  of,  and  so  warmly 
have  the  efforts  of  its  originators  been 
supported,  wherever  the  Society  has  been 
known,  that  already  more  than  a  sufficient 
number  of  members  has  been  obtained  to 
justify  immediate  steps  being  taken  to 
carry  its  intentions  into  effect. 

The  Society  is  to  consist  of  an  unlimited 
number  of  members ;  the  subscription 
constituting  a  member  to  be  one  guinea, 
paid  in  advance  on  the  35th  day  of  March, 
annually  ;  the  anniversary  meeting  to  be 
on  tbe  1st  of  May.  The  post  of  Pi^dent 
has  been  accepted  by  Sir  Henrr  Halford, 
Bart. ;  that  of  Treasurer  by  B.  G.  Babing- 
ton,  M.D.  F.R.S. ;  and  that  of  Secretary 
for  London  by  James  Risdon  Bennett, 
M.D.  to  whom  all  communications  are  to 
be  addressed. 


CHINISE  BOOKS. 

Her  Majesty  has  presented  to  the  library 
of  the  British  Museum  five  chests  of 
Chinese  books,  cM>tured  by  the  troops 
during  the  war  in  China.  They  are  fine 
editions  of  works  touching  upon  different 
matters  connected  with  the  administra- 
tion and  statistics  of  that  vast  empire.  The 
books  are  in  their  ChiBase  cases  or  htm^ 
vis.  small  boxes,  and  tiitae  OMW  «r»  Tar- 


nished, and  resemble  mahogany.  The 
works  are  of  the  most  extensive  nature, 
the  five  cases  containing  only  four  works, 
vi2. 

1.  The  Tungchd,  a  general  account  of 
the  Empire,  History,  Laws,  Provinces, 
&c.  in  200  Chinese  keutn  or  sections, 
and  nearly  as  many  Chinese  pum  or 
volumes.  The  printing  of  this  nork  is 
indifferent,  it  having  beien  most  probably 
issued  from  the  imperial  presses  at 
Pihking,  where  the  paper  and  execution 
of  the  books  is  much  inferior  to  that  of 
Nanking  and  the  southern  provinces. 
This  highly  valuable  and  interesting  work 
is  made  up,  in  parts  where  imperfect,  by 
manuscript. 

2.  W&n  been  tung  kaou.  A  general 
r^sum^e  of  State  Papers,  consisting  of 
Reports,  Orders  in  Council,  &c.  relative  to 
the  Land  Tax,  Fields  cultivated  by  Go- 
vernment, Currency,  &c. 

3.  Tung  teen.  General  Rules  of  the 
Empire. 

4.  Account  of  the  Regulations  of  the 
Six  Governmental  Boards,  and  their  Sub- 
ordinate Offices,  with  the  titles  of  the 
different  Members  of  their  Administration* 
The  six  boards  are,  the  Official  Board, 
which  regulates  appointments,— the  Re« 
venue  Board,  over  Customs  and  Excise* 
— the  Board  of  Rites,  a  kind  of  Board 
of  Public  Instruction,  to  regulate  ceremo- 
nies, &c. — the  Army  Board,  over  both 
Land  and  Sea  Services, — the  Criminal 
Board,  for  Penal  Offences  ;  and  the  Board 
of  Works,  having  the  regulation  of  the 
government  buildings,  &c 

All  these  works,  as  well  as  the  pre- 
ceding,  are  imperial  editions,  probably 
executed  at  Pihking. 

*'  DOMESTIC   libraries"    AT  BUCKINO* 
HAH  PALACE  AND  WINDSOR  CASTLE. 

Her  Majesty  has  just  caused  to  be 
carried  into  effect  a  most  praiseworthy 
design,  emanating  entirely  from  herself 
and  his  Royal  Highness  Prince  Albert, 
for  the  establishment  of  *'  Domestic 
Libraries"  in  the  servants'  halls  of  Bucking- 
ham Palace  and  Windsor  CasUe.  Her 
Majesty  has  been  pleased  to  make  a  do- 
nation of  100/.  for  the  purchase  of  books 
to  commence  with,  and  nas  also  presented 
a  great  variety  of  works,  of  a  useful  and 
instructive  character.  Prince  Albert  has 
presented  50/.  for  the  same  purpose. 
A  committee  has  been  appointed  to  super- 
intend the  arrangements  and  business 
details,  consistingof  the  followingmembers 
of  the  Royal  household,  each  of  whom  has 
presented  various  works  of  utility  and 
reference,  and  also  handsome  donations 
to  carry  out  the  viewi  of  her  M  Mesty  and 
the  Prinoe :— Mtjor-Genend  8v  HOvy 


630 


Fine  Arts. 


[Dec. 


Wheatley  (Privy  Puree),  George  Edward 
Anson,  Esq.  (Private  Secretary  to  Prince 
Albert),  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Charles 
Leslie  Courtenay  f  Domestic  Chaplain  to 
the  Queen),  the  Hon.  C  A.  Murray  (the 
Master  of  the  Household),  and  J.  H. 
Glover,  Esq.  (Librarian  in  Ordinary  to 
her  Majesty).  Robert  Lyons,  Esq.  (the 
Secretary  to  the  Master  of  the  House- 
hold), has  undertaken  the  office  (by  Royal 
command)  of  treasurer  to  the  two  library 


funds,  and  to  audit  the  accounts  of  each, 
once  at  Ipast  in  the  course  of  every  year. 

A  letter  addressed  by  Sir  R.  Peel  to  the 
widow  of  the  late  Sir  Charles  Bell,  an- 
nounces that  a  pension  of  100/.  has  been 
conferred  upon  her,  **  in  consideration  of 
the  high  attainments  of  your  lamented 
husband,  and  the  services  rendered  by 
him  to  the  cause  of  science.'* 


FINE   ARTS. 


THB    NELSON    MONUMENT. 

Nov,  4.  The  statue  of  Lord  Nelson, 
by  Baily,  reached  its  destination  on  the 
top  of  the  column,  erected  under  the  ma- 
nagement and  after  the  design  of  Mr. 
Railton.  The  lower  part  was  got  up  on 
Friday  morning,  after  six  hours*  labour, 
and  the  upper  portion  followed  on  Satur- 
day morning,  and  the  arm  was  also  in  the 
course  of  the  day  united  to  the  body.  A 
ilag-stafif  was  erected  which  reached  above 
the  head  of  the  figure,  and  from  it  was 
displayed  the  union  jack,  which  is  the 
identical  flag  under  which  the  hero  fell  at 
the  battle  of  Trafalgar. 

This  figure  breathes  the  very  soul  and 
spirit  of  Nelson  ;  there  we  behold  the  in- 
trepid firmness  of  his  mind — the  determi- 
nation to  achieve  his  purpose,  unawed  by 
any  terrors  which  the  foes  of  his  country 
could  evoke.  The  simplicity  of  the  attitude 
is  very  striking :  here  is  no  extended  hand 
with  truncheon  or  with  telescope ;  it  is 
Nelson  himself  on  his  quarterdeck,  cool 
and  collected.  Like  the  angel  introduced 
in  Addison's  Campaign,  as  an  emblem  of 
Marlborough's  imperturbed  spirit — calm 
and  serene,  he  drives  the  furious  blast  of 
battle ;  rides  in  the  whirlwind  and  directs 
the  storm  ;  and  of  Nelson  it  might  indeed 
be  truly  added,  from  the  same  source, 

**  In  joys  of  conquest  he  resigned  his  breath, 
And,  filled  with  England's  glory,  smiled  in 
death." 

Even  when  his  life-blood  was  ebbing  from 
bis  wound,  reducing  to  a  few  short  mo- 
ments the  current  of  his  existence.  Nel- 
son's spirit  was  still  active  for  his  country's 
cause,  still  busied  in  the  direction  of  his 
fleet.  Assured  of  victory  and  of  the  cap- 
ture and  destruction  of  the  foe,  his  dying 
words  were — **  Then  let  us  anchor  P* 

The  memory  and  example  of  Nelson 
will  have  their  influence  on  the  naval 
champions  of  Britain  in  all  future  time. 
This  statue  and  this  column  are  therefore 
the  heartfelt  and  enduring  tribute  of  a 
nation's  gratitude  and  praise. 


It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  the  po- 
sition chosen  for  so  efifective  a  specimen  of 
British  sculpture  should  be  elevated  so 
high  as  for  ever  to  remove  its  more  minute 
and  individual  details  from  the  sight ;  it  is 
impossible  on  a  capital  156  feet  from  the 
ground  that  the  features  of  the  face  of  a 
statue,  itself  17  feet  high,  should *be  clearly 
discerned ;  we  therefore  fully  indulge  in 
the  hope  that  casts  from  Baily's  Nelson 
will  be  deposited  in  some  of  our  public 
buildings.  We  suggest  that  Greenwich 
Hospital  would  be  a  very  appropriate  re- 
ceptacle for  such  a  fac-simile,  and,  if 
placed  in  one  of  the  quadrangles  of  that 
building  in  the  open  air,  an  artificial  ma- 
terial of  sufficient  durability  for  it  might 
we  think  be  found. 


A  colossal  statue  of  her  Mejesty  is  about 
being  erected  at  the  north-west  corner  of 
the  Royal  Institution,  Edinburgh.  The 
figure  has  been  executed  by  Mr.  Steel,  of 
Edinburgh,  and  is  said  to  be  an  excellent 
work  of  art. 


A  colossal  statue,  in  plaster,  of  Louis 
Philippe  has  been  placed  in  the  large 
chamber  of  the  council  of  state,  in  the  pa- 
lace on  the  Quai  d'Orsay.  The  King  is 
represented  for  the  first  time  with  the 
royal  mantle  lined  with  ermine,  and  a 
laurel  crown  on  his  head.  The  right  arm 
is  stretched  out  horizontally,  and  the  left 
is  placed  on  a  tablet  bearing  the  inscrip- 
tion— **  Devant  Dieu,  je  jure  d^observer 
fidelement  la  charte  constitutionelle,*'  and 
the  remainder  of  the  oath  pronounced  on 
August  9  at  the  Palais  Bourbon. 

The  French  mint  has  just  struck  a  very 
fine  medal  in  commemoration  of  the  visit 
of  Queen  Victoria  to  the  Chateau  d*Eu. 
On  the  obverse  is  the  profile  of  the  young 
Sovereign  of  Great  Britain,  and  on  the  re- 
verse the  following  legend—**  5.  Af.  Vic- 
toriot  Reine  d*yinyleterre,  visite  S,  M, 
LouU  Philij)pe,  Roi  detFranpaiSy  au  Chan 


1843.] 


Fine  Arts, 


631 


ieau  d'Eu,   en    Septemhre,   1843."    The     L.  Bryant,  esq.,  of  London.    The  other 
die  wai  cut  by  M.  Borrel.  prizes  varied  from  10/.  to  3/. 

The  distribution  of  Mr.  Boys's  Pine 
Art  Prizes  took  place  at  Exeter  Hall,  on 
the  25th  Oct.  Mr.  Cooke,  a  barrister,  in 
the  chair.  The  number  of  tickets  was 
12,000,  and  those  to  which  the  highest 
▼Blue  was  attached  were,  "  The  Trial  of 
Charles  the  Pirst,*'  by  Mr.  Pisk  ;  **  The 
Trial  of  Lord  Strafford,"  by  the  same 
artist ;  and  **  The  Canterbury  Pilgrims," 
by  Mr.  B.  Corbould — which  fell  to  Nos. 
8340,  8686,  and  3841.  The  number  of 
"  prizes*'  distributed  was  702.  Mr.  Boys 
also  announced  another  Pine  Art  Distri- 
bution in  the  forthcoming  year. 


PORTRAIT  GALLERY  AT  DUBLIN  CASTLE. 

Earl  de  Grey,  with  his  characteristic 
love  for  the  line  arts,  and  desire  to  advance 
them,  has  determined  to  convert  the  draw- 
ing-rooms of  Dublin  Castle  into  a  pic- 
ture gallery,  to  consist  of  a  collection  of 
portraits   of  those    noblemen  who    have 
served  since  the    Union  as    Lord-Lieu- 
tenants of  Ireland.     These  portraits  are 
to  be  in  size  what  is  termed  by  artists 
three-quarter,  and  will  be,  it  is  said,  pre- 
sented  to  the  gallery  by  those  noblemen 
who  still  live  and  have  filled  that  high  and 
important  office ;  and  copies  from  the  best 
portraits  will  likewise  be  presented  by  the 
relatives  of  the  deceased.  Nine  out  of  the 
fourteen,  necessary  to  complete  the  col- 
lection, are  in  progress,  and  that  of  Lord 
de  Grey,  bearing  the  star  and  insignia  of 
the  Order  of  St.  Patrick,  by  Mr.  George 
Bullock,   is  already  finished,  and  at  the 
Castle.    As  there  will  be  ample  space  in 
the  rooms  appropriated  to  these  works  of 
art  for  small  copies  of  the  most  authentic 
portraits  of  the  Lord-Lieutenants  before 
the  Union,  it  is  proposed  thus  to  occupy 
it,  and   by  this   arrangement  render  the 
collection  both  curious  and  complete. 


The  Association  for  the  Promotion  of 
the  Pine  Arts  in  Scotland  has,  since  its 
institution  ten  years  ago,  collected  36,000/. 
The  number  of  paintings  bought  is  771, 
besides  40  pieces  of  sculpture ;  and  the 
sum  distributed  among  the  artists  proba- 
bly amounts  to  three-fourths  of  the  whole, 
say  27,000/.  or  3,000/.  per  annum.  The 
efforts  of  the  association  have  tended  very 
much  to  improve  the  public  taste,  and 
diffuse  a  love  of  art  through  the  commu- 
nity. 


The  annual  meeting  of  the  Norwich  Art 
Union  was  held  at  the  Guildhall,  on  the 
16th  Oct.  Sir  J.  P.  Boileau  in  the  chair. 
The  report  congratulated  the  subscribers  on 
the  addition  of  one-fourth  to  their  numbers 
during  the  last  year  ;  and  stated  that  the 
presentation  of  a  print  to  each  subscriber 
and  the  holding  oi convenazionea  had  been 
attended  with  beneficial  results ;  and  the 
Society  had  this  year  been  enabled  to  af- 
ford a  larger    proportionate  number  of 
prizes  than  the  London  Art  Union.     The 
first  prize  of  30/.   was  obtained  by  the 
Rev.    H.    Banfather,    of  Norwich;    the 
second,  20/.,  by  G.  Middleton,  esq.,  St. 
Stephen's-road ;  the  third,  15/.,  by  W. 


FRESCO   PAINTING  IN    GERMANY. 

The  frescoes  in  the  Town  Hall  of  El- 
berfeld  painted  during  the  past  year,  by 
the  artists  Mucke,  Pay,  Pludemann,  and 
Claasen,  are  now  finished,  and  excite  the 
admiration  of  all  beholders.    The  idea  of 
the  work  was  conceived  by  Herr  Mucke, 
who,  among  the  friends  of  arts,  has  been 
long  since  credibly  known  as  the  painter 
of  the   Barbarossa  frescoes  at    Heltorp 
Castle,   near  Dusseldorf,  on  the  Rhine. 
The  idea  and  execution  is  as  follows  :— 
Germany  in  her    gradual  progress  from 
barbarism  to  civilization — the    first  wall 
representing  barbarism,  and  ending  with 
the  death  of  Varus,  has  been  executed  by 
Pay ;  the  second,  symbolic  of  the  intro- 
duction of  Christianism,  by  Mucke ;  the 
third  wall  shows  the  Middle  Ages,  and 
has  been  executed  by  Claasen ;  while  the 
fourth,  by  Pludemann,  shows  the  progress 
of  a  Prince,  surrounded  by  his  loving  and 
exulting  people. 

Professor  Schnorr  has  been  occupied 
ten  years  in  the  frescoes  in  the  apartments 
leading  to  the  throne-room  of  Uie  palace 
at  Munich.    These  halls  are  three  in  num- 
ber, each  devoted  to  the  life  of  one  of  the 
celebrities  of  German  history :   Charle- 
magne, Prederick  Barbarossa,  and  Rudolph 
of  Hapsburg.    The  Hall  of  Charlemagne 
is  the  last  in  course   of  execution;  the 
narrative  lies  in  a  series  of  twelve  pictures, 
the  subjects  of  which  are,  Charlemagne  at 
the   age    of  eleven   years   receiving  the 
homage  of    the  spiritual  and   temporal 
ranks ;    Refusing  the  proposition  of  the 
King  of  the  Lombards ;  His  first  battle 
with  the  Saxons;  Drives  the  Lombards 
out  of  Germany  ;  Entrance  into  Rome  ; 
Capture  of  Saragossa,  &c.  &c.    The  ex- 
ecution  of  these  works  has  been  singularly 
rapid,  the  artist  being  of  course  assisted 
by  his  pupils. 


632 


ARCHITECTURE. 


OXFORD   SOCIETT 
OF    OOTHIC    ARCHITECTURE. 

Nov.  1.  The  first  meeting  of  the  term 
was  held  at  the  Society^s  room,  near  Lin- 
coln College,  the  Rev.  J.  B.  Maude,  M.A. 
Queen's  College,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Freeman,  of  Trinity  College,  made 
some  remarks  on  Mr.  Pugin's  theory  of 
Spires,  with  reference  to  his  paper  read  at 
the  last  annual  meeting.     He  stated,  that 
the  inspection   of  many  churches  since 
that  time  had  slightly  modified  some  of 
his  views  therein  expressed,   (the  spire 
seeming  to  have  been  introduced  abroad 
earlier  than  he  had  been  aware  of,  or  than 
is  the  case  in  England,)  but  that  his  con- 
viction of  the  inaccuracy  of  Mr.  Pugin's 
opinion  was  more  strengthened  than  ever. 
According  to  Mr.  Pugin,  spires  are  a  pe- 
culiarity not  of  districts,  but  of  epochs  ; 
whereas  in  the  district  about  Maidstone 
the   Early  and  Decorated   towers    have 
usually  spires,  either  in  the  common  or  in 
Mr.  Pugin's  sense  of  the  word ;    whilst 
the  towers  of  the  same  date  in  the  western 
part  of  Northamptonshire  are  generally 
without  them,  and  the  north-east  part  of 
the  same  county  is  famous  for  beautiful 
spires  of  the  same  period ;  and  no  satis- 
factory reason  can  be  given  why  they 
should  have  been  preserved  in  one  dis- 
trict, and  universally  destroyed,  or  omitted 
when   designed,   in   another.      In  many 
Early  and  Decorated  towers  the  originid 
parapet  remains,   either  plain,   with   or 
without  pinnacles,   or   pierced.      Some- 
times they  have  gables  ;  sometimes  a  bat- 
tlement has  been  plainly  added,  as  is  the 
case  too  with  many  Romanesque  towers  ; 
though  that  it  supplanted  a  spire,  even  in 
his  peculiar  use  of  the  word,  is  a  gra- 
tuitous assumption  of  Mr.  Pugin's.     In 
later  Decorated  towers    the    battlement 
sometimes  seems  to  be  original. 

Some  omissions  and  misrepresentations 
of  Mr.  Pugin's  were  also  commented  upon, 
as  the  fact  that  Salisbury  Cathedral  was 
originally  built  without  a  spire,  and  his 
assertion  that  the  noble  spire  of  St.  Mi- 
chael's, Coventry,  is  Decorated,  whereas 
it  is  Perpendicular,  commenced  in  1432. 
Mr.  Freeman  concluded  by  giving  in  a 
list  of  Early  and  Decorated  towers,  with 
and  without  spires,  in  several  districts, 
remarking  that,   as  many  of  them  were 
visited  some  time  back,  before  his  atten- 
tion "was  particularly  drawn  to  the  subject, 
there  might  be  some  errors  in  it,  but  that 
it  contained  many   undoubted  examples 
clearly  opposed  to  Mr.  Pugin*8  theory. 


At  the  same  time  he  allowed  the  correct - 
nesa  of  the  latter  as  to  the  ideal  perfection 
of  the  style,  which  certainly  requires  a 
spire,  though  as  a  matter  of  fact  it  is  no 
more  universal  than  vaulting  and  clus- 
tered pillars,  which  are  equally  essential 
to  the  same  ideal  perfection. 

The  Rev.  John  Slatter,  of  Lincoln  Col- 
lege, observed,  that  it  is  said  to  have  been 
a  canon  of  the  Cistercian  order  to  have  no 
spires  on  their  churches,  as  a  mark  of 
humility,  and  also  that  they  had  no  bells ; 
and  mentioned  several  instances  in  con- 
firmation of  this,  where  towers  were  added 
to  churches  belonging  to  this  order,  at  the 
period  of  the  Dissolution,  to  receive  the 
bells  purchased  from  the  ruined  houses  of 
other  orders.  He  considered  this  as  an 
argument  in  favour  of  Mr.  Pugin's  view, 
so  far  as  the  ffeneral  practice  of  the  age  is 
admitted,  by  the  fact  of  such  a  rule  being 
adopted  for  the  sake  of  distinction ;  but  it 
is  of  course  decisive  against  the  tintt;er- 
9ality  of  the  practice,  which  is  the  only 
point  in  dispute  between  Mr.  Pugin  and 
those  members  of  the  Society  who  have 
interested  themselves  in  the  question. 

The  Secretary  observed,  that  the  plan 
which  this  Society  originally  prescribed 
for  itself,  and  has  steamly  kept  in  view, 
is  to  collect  facts  and  proceed  by  induc- 
tion, leaving  principles  or  theories  to  Jbe 
drawn  from  them  aiterwards,  whilst  most 
writers  on  Gothic  architecture  seem  to 
have  gone  on  the  opposite  plan.    With 
reference  to  Mr.  Pugin's   assertion,  we 
find  a  number  of  early-English  and  De- 
corated towers  existing  without  spires,  and 
generally  without  any  appearance  of  ever 
having  had  them ;    many  have   original 
parapets,  and  many  others  have  saddle- 
back roofs,  the  gables  of  which  are  evi- 
dently original,    though    these   are   less 
common  in  England  than  in  Normandy. 
In  the  district  around  Caen  they  are  par- 
ticularly abundant,  and  it  is  not  unusual 
to  find  within  sight  of  each  other  a  saddle- 
back roof  on  one  tower  and  a  spire  on 
another,  which,  on  examination,  prove  to 
be  very  nearly  of  the  same  age.    We  must 
therefore  conclude,  that,  in  the  ordinary 
use  of  the  word  spire,  Mr.  Pugin's  asser- 
tion is  not  borne  out  by  facts.    With  re- 
gard to  the  supposed  rule  of  the  Cister- 
cian order,  he  doubted  whether  existing 
examples  generally  agreed  with  it,  but  con- 
sidered it  an  interesting  subject  for  inves- 
tigation, and  that  the  Society  would  be 
indebted  to  any  of  its  members  who  would 
carry  on  the  investigation,  and  fiimish 


1843.] 


Architecture, 


633 


them  with  facts  either  in  support  or  in 
refutation  of  this,  or  indeed  of  any  other 
popular  theory. 

Nov.  15.  Letters  were  read  from  the 
Rev.  G.  Pigott,  Chaplain  to  the  Hon. 
East  India  Company  at  Bombay,  to  the 
President  of  Trinity  College,  and  from  the 
Bishop  of  Bombay  to  Mr.  Pigott,  on  the 
subject  of  the  church  to  be  erected  on  the 
island  of  Colabah,  to  commemorate  those 
who  fell  in  the  late  campaigns  in  Afifghan- 
istan  and  Scinde. 

The  Master  of  University  College  stated 
that  Mr.  Derick's  drawings  for  this  church 
had  been  submitted  to  the  committee  and 
approved,  and  were  now  in  the  room  for 
the  inspection  of  Members.  Great  care 
had  been  used  to  adapt  the  design  to  the 
climate  of  Bombay,  in  compliance  with 
the  suggestions  of  the  Bishop,  and  with 
the  kind  assistance  of  Captain  Faber  of 
the  Madras  Engineers,  whose  local  ex- 
perience had  been  of  great  service.  He 
thought  that  Mr.  Derick  had  shewn  con- 
siderable skill  by  the  manner  in  which  he 
had  carried  out  this  object,  without  injuring 
the  church-like  effect,  or  departing  from 
the  purity  of  Gothic  architecture.  The 
plan  is  cruciform,  surrounded  on  all  sides 
by  a  cloister  masking  the  lower  windows 
and  protecting  them  from  the  sun,  and 
enabling  them  to  receive  the  sea-breeze 
at  all  seasons  ;  the  western  porch  is  large 
enough  for  carriages  to  drive  under  it,  so 
that  persons  may  enter  the  church  without 
being  once  exposed  to  the  direct  rays  of 
the  sun.  There  is  a  crypt  under  the 
church,  and  an  air-chamber  in  the  roof, 
connected  with  the  central  tower  and  spire, 
so  as  to  ensure  a  continnal  current  of  air. 

Mr.  Patterson,  of  Trinity  College,  pre- 
sented to  the  Society  a  series  of  litho- 
graphs, illustrative  of  a  peculiar  style  of 
wood  architecture  of  very  ancient  date. 
They  consist  of  exterior  and  interior  views, 
ground  plans,  etc.  of  three  churches  at 
Hitterdal,  Urnes,  and  Borgund,  in  Nor- 
way. Mr.  Patterson  read  a  translation  of 
some  remarks,  published  with  the  litho- 
graphs, by  Professor  Dahl,  of  Dresden ; 
and  said  he  was  led  to  conclude,  from 
several  expressions  used  by  the  Professor, 
that  he  would  point  to  a  period  antecedent 
to  the  introduction  of  Christianity  into 
Norway  as  that  in  which  these  buildings  for 
the  most  part  rose.  This  would  throw  them 
back  into  the  tenth  century  at  the  latest, 
as  Olaf  the  saint,  the  first  Christian  king  of 
Norway,  received  the  crown  of  martyrdom 
at  the  hands  of  his  pagan  subjects  in  the 
year  094.  Mr.  Parker  is  of  opinion  that 
these  churches  are  probably  of  the  twelfth 
century,  nor  does  the  frequent  occurrence 
in  them  of  representations  of  the  persons 
and  symbols  of  the  ancient  Norwegian 

Gent.  Mag.  Vot.  XX. 


mythology,  such  as  of  the  good  and  evil 
spirit,  &c.  appear  to  ofifer  any  real  diffi- 
culty, as  the  meaning  of  them  might  easily 
be  lost,  while  the  forms  themselves  might 
be  retained  and  reproduced  merely  for  the 
sake  of  effect,  or  from  imitation  of  what 
had  been  usual  at  an  earlier  period. 
Again,  much  of  the  fretwork  and  designs 
are  very  similar  to  those  with  which  we  are 
familiar,  as  characteristics  of  the  late 
highly  decorated  Norman  ;  for  instance, 
the  fretwork  on  the  capitals  of  the  pillars 
in  St.  Peter's  church,  Northampton,  at 
Christ  Church  Cathedral  in  Oxford,  and 
at  Iffley  church.  In  the  portal  of  the 
Church  of  Borgund,  a  strange  mixture  of 
the  emblems  of  the  ancient  mythology  of 
the  country  with  the  ornaments  and  de- 
signs not  unfrequently  found  in  the  late 
Byzantine  style,  is  to  be  observed.  The 
general  plan  of  these  buildings  seems 
decidedly  Christian ;  in  all,  chancel  and 
nave,  in  Hitterdal  and  Borgund  a  decided 
apse,  and  in  all  nave  aisles,  are  to  be  seen. 
In  the  churches  of  Borgund  and  Urnes 
there  is  barrel-vaulting  in  the  nave;  in 
that  of  Hitterdal,  however,  a  flat  panelled 
ceiling,  such  as  that  of  Peterborough 
cathedral  church,  and  other  Norman 
churches  ;  like  them  also  it  has  had  painted 
ornaments  in  the  panels  of  the  chancel 
ceiling.  The  interior  of  the  church  at 
Hitterdal  is  a  good  deal  disfigured  by 
galleries,  and  the  like  modern  improve- 
ments, but  the  pillars  are  not  much  hidden 
and  are  worthy  of  attention;  some  for 
the  decidedly  oriental  character  of  their 
capitals,  (which  have  been  called  Indo- 
Byzantuie,)  and  one  for  the  position  of  a 
sort  of  capital  with  a  square  abacus,  about 
half  way  up  the  shaft.  Perhaps  the  fact 
of  wood  being  the  material  of  which  these 
churches  are  constructed,  would  lead  one 
to  ascribe  a  very  late  date  to  them,  the 
wood  retaining  its  consistency  so  much  as 
it  does ;  but  the  purity  of  the  air  in  Nor- 
way, which  certainly  exceeds  that  of  most 
climates,  wonld  prevent  us  from  concluding 
against  their  antiquity  on  this  account ;  to 
which  it  is  to  be  added  that  the  whole  of 
the  exterior  carvings  have  been  coated 
with  some  preparation  or  varnish,  the 
nature  of  which  has  never  been  discovered, 
although  it  has  been  submitted  to  chemical 
analysis,  i  t  is  to  be  remarked  that  several 
of  these  churches  were  built  without  any 
tower,  turret,  or  bell-gable,  and  that  a 
subsequent  separate  erection  has  been 
made  for  them,  corresponding  to  the 
Byzantine  and  Italian  campaniles.  The 
size  of  much  of  the  timber  employed  is 
worthy  of  notice,  as  it  calls  attention  to  a 
natural  phenomenon  of  these  latitudes. 
From  the  quantity  of  timber  of  large  size 
thus  used  it  b  not  to  be  supposed  that  it 

4M 


634 


Architecture, 


[Dec. 


could  be  other  than  the  growth  of  that 
soil,  and  yet  at  the  present  day  and  for 
years  past  no  timber  of  this  kind,  viz. 
larch,  at  all  approaching  to  it  in  size,  is 
tobe  found  in  Norway.  Hence  it  is  to 
be  concluded  that  such  vegetation  has  by 
some  cause  failed,  and  accordingly  we  find 
it  asserted,  and  experience  certainly  bears 
out  the  assertion,  that  the  cold  of  these 
latitudes  is  yearly  on  the  increase,  and 
that  this  increase  is  destructive  of  all 
vegetation,  even  the  hardy  reindeer  moss 
yielding  to  the  influence  of  the  cold.  Mr. 
Patterson,  in  conclusion,  remarked  that 
he  had  presented  these  lithographs  to  the 
Society  in  the  idea  and  hope  that  they 
might  afiford  some  useful  hints  for  the 
erection  of  similar  churches  in  countries 
where  the  same  materials  and  no  others 
were  readily  to  be  found.  He  alluded 
more  particularly  to  Newfoundland  and 
to  New  Zealand. 

The  chairman  observed  that  these  ex- 
amples of  ancient  wooden  churches  are  of 
great  importance  at  the  present  time,  and, 
rude,  mutilated,  and  patched,  as  they  are, 
there  is  still  much  in  them  worthy  the 
attention  of  a  clever  architect,  who  might, 
from  the  materials  and  ideas  here  furnished, 
supply  a  great  desideratum  for  many  of 
our  colonies,  as  Mr.  Patterson  had  justly 
observed,  and  he  would  add  to  those  he 
had  mentioned  the  West  Indies  and  the 
Canadas.  He  trusted  that  the  subject 
would  not  be  suffered  to  drop,  but  that 
some  competent  architect  would  come 
forward  and  carry  out  the  idea.  We  have 
here  all  the  elements  of  a  really  fine 
church,  great  loftiness,  sufficient  length, 
divided  into  nave,  transept,  and  chancel ; 
and  breadth,  divided  into  nave  and  aisles, 
with  a  clerestory  over ;  and  roofs  we  know 
may  be  made  as  ornamental  of  timber  as 
of  stone.  Wooden  shingles  as  a  covering 
for  the  roof  are  also  found  to  be  as  effectual 
a  protection,  and  nearly  as  durable,  as  any 
other  covering. 

The  Master  of  University  College  ob- 
served that  the  sculpture  was  of  a  decidedly 
Runic  character,  and  pointed  out  some 
Runic  crosses  remaining  in  Cumberland 
which  correspond  exactly  with  it.  The 
Rev.  John  Slatter,  of  Lincoln  College, 
also  referred  to  some  other  instances  in 
confirmation  of  this  ;  and  took  the  oppor- 
tunity of  mentioning  to  those  members  of 
the  Society  who  are  not  acquainted  with 
those  parts  of  the  country,  that  there  are 
many  wooden  churches  remaining  in 
Cheshire  and  Lancashire,  as  well  as  in 
Essex. 


THE  NEW  ROYAL  EXCHANGE. 

The  last  stone   has  been    erected    of 
the  tower  of  this  magnificent  building.  The 


vane  will  be  the  same  grasshopper  (the 
crest  of  Sir  Thomas  Gresham)  which  for 
a  long  time  crowned  the  old  Exchange, 
and  escaped  the  fire  almost  uninjured.  It 
has  been  determined  that  the  chimes  shall 
be  restored  upon  a  greatly  improved  plan, 
the  Gresham  Committee,  upon  the  recom- 
mendation of  Professor  Taylor,  having  di- 
rected that  the  peal  of  notes  be  increased 
from  8  to  15.  The  first  brick  of  this 
structure  was  laid  in  January,  1841,  and 
the  contractors  say  they  do  not  recollect 
any  public  building  of  the  same  substantial 
character  having  been  erected  in  a  period 
so  apparently  unequal  to  its  extent.  It  is 
stated  thatit  will  be  finished  and  open  for 
use  by  the  middle  of  next  summer.  The 
portico  is  completed,  with  the  exception 
of  the  sculpture  in  the  pediment,  which 
will  consist  of  16  figures,  in  high  reUef, 
by  Mr.  Richard  Westmacott.  The  mass 
of  building  called  Bank-buildings  will  be 
pulled  down  in  the  early  part  of  next  year, 
when  the  space  will  be  arranged  to  receive 
the  statue  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington  by 
Sir  F.  Chantrey.  This  statue  is  an  eques- 
trian one  in  bronze,  15  feet  high,  and  is 
just  finished.  At  the  east  end  of  the  Ex- 
change the  improvements  of  Freeman* s- 
court  are  proceeding  with  rapidity.  All 
the  houses  are  pulled  down,  and  a  hand- 
some street  of  ample  width  parallel  with 
the  new  buildings  will  be  made.  The  in. 
terior  of  the  Exchange  is  arranged  like 
the  old  one,  with  a  large  open  area,  and  a 
covered  walk.  The  area  is  altogether 
larger  than  in  the  old  edifice,  but  different 
in  form,  and  considered  to  be  in  better 
proportion.  The  space  covered  by  the 
walks  is  also  greater.  The  arches  are  se- 
parated by  Doric  columns  and  pilasters. 
Over  this  is  another  story  of  Ionic  co- 
lumns, having  arched  windows  between 
them.  Over  the  windows  are  decorated 
and  carved  keystones,  bearing  the  arms  of 
the  various  Idngdoms  of  the  European 
family,  marking  the  walks  or  districts  to 
which  the  space  below  is  appropriated. 

THE  PLYMOUTH  BREAKWATER. 

The  last  stone  of  the  lighthouse  tower, 
at  the  western  end  of  this  stupendous  sea 
barrier,  was  set  on  Thursday  Nov.  9,  by 
the  Rear- Admiral  Superintendent  of  the 
dockyard.  Sir  Samuel  Pym,  K.C.B.  The 
tower  is  \92  feet  in  height  from  the  level 
of  the  bottom  of  the  sea,  and  56  feet  from 
the  level  surface  of  the  breakwater.  It  is 
composed  of  31  courses  of  large  blocks  of 
dressed  granite,  the  first  of  which  was  laid 
by  the  late  superintendent  of  the  dock- 
yard, Vice-Admiral  Warren,  on  the  22nd 
of  February,  1841.  The  lighthouse  is 
divided  into  five  stories,  in  which  are  an 
oil-room,  a  store-room^  a  dwelling-room , 


1843  J 


Architecture. 


d35 


a  bed-room,  and  a  watch-room.  It  has 
14  windows,  7  of  which  are  in  the  watch- 
room,  the  frames  being  constructed  of 
bell-metal,  as  are  also  the  outer  doors. 
The  lantern  is  the  only  thing  now  necessary 
to  complete  it  for  service,  which  it  is  ex* 
pected  ?rill  be  ready  to  be  brought  into 
use  early  in  the  next  year,  when  it  will 
supersede  the  old  light  vessel  which  has 
been  moored  in  the  Sound  ever  since  1813. 


BRISTOL   GUILDHALL. 

The  venerable  pile,  so  long  known  as 
the  Guildhall  of  Bristol,  is  now  no  more, 
every  vestige  of  the  fabric  being  removed, 
to  make  room  for  the  new  structure.  The 
foundation-stone  of  this  edifice  was  laid 
on  the  30th  Oct.  by  the  Mayor  and  Cor- 
poration, and  it  will  be  erected  in  the 
Gothic  style,  under  the  care  of  R.  S. 
Pope,  esq.  architect.  On  removing  the 
roof  of  St.  George's  Chapel,  in  the  old 
building,  in  the  space  between  the  rafters 
and  the  ceiling,  a  succession  of  Gothic 
window  arches  appeared  in  the  walls  on 
either  side ;  and  in  a  line  above  them  a 
number  of  corbel  heads,  showing  that 
originally  the  building  was  of  much  more 
lofty  dimensions.  In  the  interior  of  the 
building,  as  modernised,  no  trace  of  the 
lower  parts  of  these  window  arches  was 
apparent. 


LLANDAFF   CATHEDRAL. 

The  Rev .  Wm.  Bruce  Knight,  Chancel* 
lor  of  the  diocese,  has  addressed  an  ad- 
mirable letter  to  his  rev.  brethren,  on  the 
restoration  of  the  Cathedral  at  Llandaff. 
He  says  that  the  Members  of  the  Chapter 
have,  in  the  last  two  years,  well  nigh  ex- 
hausted their  finances  in  covering  the 
whole  of  the  Cathedral  with  new  lead  and 
timber,  and  raising  a  new  ceiling.  He 
urges  these  facts  as  a  stimulus  to  the 
clergy  to  exertion  of  their  influence,  and 
as  precept  by  example  to  the  laity ;  ob- 
serving that  he  does  '*  not,  indeed,  antici- 
pate the  restoration  of  all  those  majestic 
proportions,  even  now  most  beautiful,  and 
bearing  ample  testimony  to  their  former 
grandeur — ^but  he  does  cherish  a  hope  that 
a  sufficient  sum  may  be  raised  to  enable  us 
to  restore  the  choir,  and  the  nave  gene- 
rally, to  a  state  not  wholly  unworthy  of 
its  ancient  form."  He  then  proceeds  to 
mention  the  striking  facts  that  **  Llandaff 
is  the  oldest  bishop's  see  in  the  kingdom. 
It  is,  moreover,  in  respect  to  its  revenues, 
the  poorest.  Two  distinguished  indi- 
viduals of  the  laity  have  contributed  each 
100/.  and  nearly  all  the  members  of 
the  chapter  are  subscribers.  Of  these, 
three  have  given  100/.  each,  and  of  the 
others,  not  one  less  than  50/.  and  thig 
from  Uieir  own  private  resonrcea— -'^  nor 


is  it  with  common  joy  (he  says)  that  I 
inform  you,  that  I  have  just  received  from 
Her  Majesty  the  Queen  Dowager  50/. 
towards  the  good  work." 

WINCHESTER   CATHEDRAL. 

The  interior  of  Winchester  Cathedral  is 
now  undergoing  a  reformation  by  restor- 
ing the  ancient  tombs  and  their  effigies,  and 
the  mutilated  Purbeck  marble  columns, 
which  have  for  so  many  years  been  suf- 
fered to  remain  in  a  decayed  state.  The 
whole  is  under  the  able  superintendence  of 
Mr.  Richardson,  who  lately  displayed  his 
talents  in  restoring  the  Temple  Church  to 
its  present  beautiful  state.  In  addition 
to  the  late  ornamental  improvements  to 
this  admired  structure,  three  new  beauti- 
ful windows  of  Scriptural  painted  glass 
are  about  to  be  finished  in  new  columnar 
arches  facing  the  eastern  part  of  the  church. 

NEW  BELL  AT  GRATESEND. 

The  following  has  been  circulated  on 
the  occasion  of  placing  a  new  bell  in  the 
turret  of  St.  John's  Church,  Gravesend. 

**  The  legend  and  scroll  of  the  new  bell 
of  St.  John's  next  Gravesend,  weighed  and 
raised  on  the  morrow  of  St.  Michael,  1843. 

"  Hue  ades,  atque  cite,  bone  vir  (scelerator 

abito !) 

Dulce  sonare  meum,  ta  venerare  Dbum. 

Me  Thomas  conflavit ; 

"Willielmus  hie  coUocavit ; 

Hoc  in  anno  Domini 

(1843). 

Sancto  sit  laus  Ejus  Nomini, 

ALLELUIA  I 

Thomas  Hears  me  fecit  Londini.*' 

Which  may  be  rendered  : — 

«  Hither  haste,  good  Christian  man, 

(Hence,  godless  churl,  away  I) 

>Tis  mine  to  sweetly  sound,— kneel  thoU 

Before  thy  God  and  pray. 

Thomas  cast  me  with  his  hand, 

William  raised  me  where  I  stand, 

In  this  year  of  Christ's  record 

(1843). 

Be  His  Holy  Name  adored, 

ALLELUIA  ! 

Praise  the  Lord  ! 
Thomas  Mears  of  London  made  me." 


YORK  MINSTER. 

Three  massive  doors  have  just  been 
completed  in  Newcastle  for  the  York 
Minster.  They  are  of  the  Decorated 
style,  and  designed  by  Sydney  Smirke, 
esq.  of  London,  under  whose  direction 
the  restoration  of  that  splendid  Minster 
is  now  drawing  towards  a  close.  The 
three  doors  are  alike,  and  measure  16  feet 
in  height,  and  6i  feet  in  breadth.  The 
upper  part  is  full  of  rich  tracery,  sup* 


636 


Antiquarian  Resvarches, 


[Dec. 


ported  by  columns,  with  capitals,  embel- 
lished with  Gothic  leaves.  The  tops  of 
the  capitals  are  ornamented  with  figure- 
heads, out  of  which  the  hood  mouldings 
spring,  and  terminate  with  exquisitely 
carved  Gothic  finials  and  crockets.  In 
the  centre  of  the  arches  aie  three  trefoils, 
with  shields,  on  which  coats  of  arms  may 
be  put.  The  lower  part  of  the  door  is  di- 
vided into  six  portions  or  arcades,  the 
tops  of  which  are  decorated  with  crockets 
and  finials,  and  between  each  compart- 
ment are  beautifully  carved  pinnacles, 
springing  from  the  heads  of  the  columns. 
They  have  been  executed  by  Mr.  James 
Wallace,  builder,  and  Mr.  R.  S.  Scott, 
carver. 


During  the  course  of  recent  repiurs  of 
St.  Mary's  church,  Reading, .  three  sedilia, 
of  early- English  architecture,  have  been 
discovered  in  ruins  behind  the  wainscot- 
ing on  the  south  side  of  the  chancel ;  the 
fresco  painting  at  the  back  of  them,  and 
the  encaustic  tiles,  being  still  in  excellent 
preservation. 

Worksop  Manor  House,  late  the  mag- 
nificent seat  of  the  late  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
is  being  pulled  down.  The  building  ma- 
terials have  been  sold  by  its  new  owner, 
his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  for 
20,000  guineas.  It  is  said  the  original 
cost  of  the  mansion  was  upwards  of 
300,000/. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUARIES. 

Nov,  17.  This  Society  held  its  first 
meeting  for  the  season,  Thomas  Amyot, 
esq.  F.R.S.  Treas.  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  John  Doubleday  presented  an  im- 
pression from  a  seal  of  King  Henry  the 
Eighth,  found  attached  to  a  charter  at 
Durham.  It  is  of  a  type  hitherto  un- 
noticed, and  is  presumed  to  have  been  ad 
causas  ecclesiasiicaSf  but  the  legend  is 
imperfect. 

The  reading  was  then  concluded  of  a 
paper  commenced  in  the  last  session,  (see 
July,  p.  77,)  being  an  account  of  a  tumulus 
recently  opened  at  Astrabhad,  in  Parthiu, 
communicated  by  Baron  Clement  Augustus 
de  Bode. 

Nov.  23.     Mr.  Amyot  in  the  chair. 

Robert  Porrett,  esq.  F.S.A.  presented 
to  the  Society  a  stone  shot  recently  dug 
out  with  thirty  others  from  the  Tower 
ditch,  accompanied  with  some  remarks  on 
stone  shot  in  general,  and  a  list  of  the 
several  kinds  of  shot  furnished  to  a  ship 
of  war,  A.D.  1575,  whence  it  appeared 
that  cannon  balls  were  then  chiefly  of  lead 
andiron.  The  shot  exhibited  was  of  very 
rude  form,  and  having  been  found  in  the 
south  ditch  of  the  Tower  Mr.  Porrett  con- 
cludes that  it  was,  as  well  as  the  other 
thirty,  propelled  from  a  battery  on  the 
Surrey  side  of  the  Thames,  when  the 
Tower  was  besieged  by  the  Yorkists,  a.d. 
1460. 

A  letter  was  then  read,  addressed  by 
Captain  Evan  Nepean  to  Mr.  Birch  of  the 
British  Museum,  concerning  the  true  date 
of  certain  antiquities  in  the  Isle  of  Sacri- 
ficios,  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  described 
in  the  last  volume  of  the  Archseologia,  and 
now  deposited  in  the  Museum.  The 
object  Qf  the  letter  was  to  show  that  from 


the  nature  of  the  island — originally  a  coral 
reef,  and  from  the  accumulation  of  soil 
since  the  time  when  these  antiquities  were 
deposited,  they  must  be  older  than  the 
time  of  the  Aztecs,  contrary  to  the  opinion 
expressed  by  Mr.  Birch. 

Mr.  Akerman,  F.S.A.  communicated  an 
interesting  account  by  Mr.  John  Syden- 
ham, of  some  excavations  into  certain 
barrows  in  the  south  of  Dorsetshire, 
which  Mr.  Sydenham  supposes,  from  the 
rude  workmanship  of  their  vases  and  the 
non-presence  therein  of  coins  or  other 
works  of  a  comparatively  civilised  sera,  to 
be  more  ancient  than  the  barrows  of  the 
north  of  Dorset  or  of  Wilts.  They  were, 
as  usual,  of  various  size  and  shape,  and 
their  chief  peculiarity  consisted  in  a  strati- 
fied arrangement  of  their  several  contents, 
and  in  these  being  not  only  entire  unburnt 
skeletons  (some  of  children),  but  also 
burnt  bones  spead  out  upon  the  beds  of 
chalk  and  broken  flints  of  which  these 
barrows  were  generally  constructed. 

SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUARIES  OF  NEW- 
CASTLE. 

At  the  monthly  meeting  of  the  Society 
of  Antiquaries  of  Newcastle,  held  in  that 
society's  library  on  the  7th  Nov.  the  Rev. 
William  Turner  in  the  chair,  Mr.  John 
Clayton  presented  a  plan  of  the  baths 
opened  out  by  him  in  the  Roman  station , 
Cilurnum,  at  Walwick  Chesters,  and  read 
a  descriptive  account  of  them,  and  of  the 
station,  and  also  a  list  of  Roman  coins 
discovered  there  when  the  baths  were 
opened  ont.  Mr.  John  Bell  presented 
rubbings  from  the  Roman  inscriptions  in 
Mr.  Clayton's  collections  at  the  Chesters, 
and  also  a  plan  of  the  station  Habitancum, 
at  Risingham,  taken  the  18th  ult.  when  it 


1843.] 


Antiquarian  Researches* 


637 


was  visited  by  Mr.  Clayton  and  himself. 
Mr.  fieli  also  presented  a  drawing  of  a 
well  carved  stone  discovered  by  him  in 
one  of  the  buildings  of  the  station  opened 
out  nnder  bis  direction  whilst  he  was  there. 
Mr.  Richard  Shanks  presented  several 
bricks,  tiles  for  water  to  the  baths,  and 
fragments  of  mill-stones  discovered  in  the 
station  during  the  above  excavation.  Mr. 
Edward  Moises  Taylor,  of  Hartlepool, 
presented  drawings  of  two  stones  carved 
with  a  cross  and  Saxon  inscription  on  each 
of  them,  which  had  lately  been  found  in 
cutting  a  drain  near  the  remains  of  the 
monastery  at  Hartlepool. 

NUMISMATIC    SOCIETY. 

Nov,  23.  The  first  meeting  of  the 
Society  for  the  Session  1843-4,  was  held 
this  evening,  the  President,  Lord  Albert 
Conyngham,  in  the  chair. 

General  Stacey  and  Thomas  Lott,  esq. 
F.S.A.,  were  elected  members  of  the 
Society. 

Robert  Anstice,  £sq.  exhibited  some 
Gaulish  coins  of  the  period  of  the  Roman 
domination,  found  at  Dol  in  Britany. 

Joseph  Clarke,  esq.  exhibited  two  coins 
of  Offa  and  of  Ciolwulf  found  at  Chester- 
ford.  Mr.  C.  R.  Smith  exhibited  a  gold 
British  or  Gaulish  coin  found  on  Tich- 
iield  downs,  Hants.  This  specimen  was 
described  as  the  fifth  variety  of  a  type 
only  recently  discovered.  On  the  ob- 
verse are  the  letters  tikc,  and  on  the  re- 
verse a  horseman  ;  beneath, the  letters  c.  f. 
The  letters  on  the  observe  have  not  yet 
been  explained,  but  the  reverse  appears 
to  be  a  copy  from  the  well-known  denarii 
of  the  Cossutia  family.  The  coin  is  in 
the  possession  of  J.  N.  Hughes,  esq.  of 
"Winchester. 

W.  B.  Dickenson,  esq.  and  B.  Night- 
ingale, esq.  communicated  remarks  on 
some  specimens  of  Burmese  coins  pre- 
sented to  the  Society  by  the  former  gentle- 
man. These  coins,  which  bear  grotesque 
representations  of  animals  on  one  side, 
and  unexplained  characters  on  the  other, 
are  believed  by  the  writer  to  be  degene- 
rated copies  from  Greek  coins.  Mr. 
Dickenson  also  stated  that  he  thought  the 
animal  with  a  bird's  head  and  bearing 
a  branch,  to  be  an  emblem  of  the  sun  or 
moon,  and  that  the  figure  taken  in  con- 
junction with  the  accessory  symbols,  is 
a  representation  of  the  chariot  of  the  sun, 
or  of  Mahadeva  in  his  sol-lunar  capacity. 
Mr.  Birch,  who  had  been  referred  to  in 
the  communication,  expressed  his  dissent 
from  the  conclusions  to  which  the  writer 
had  arrived  with  regard  to  the  interpre- 
tation of  these  coins. 

A  paper  by  Mr.  Dickenson  was  then 
read,  in  illustration  of  some  ^Id  rin^ 


from  the  interior  of  Africa,  presented  to 
the  Society  by  him  and  by  Mr.  Hampden. 
These  rings  are  well  known  as  one  of  the 
media  of  traffic  in  Africa.  The  writer 
remarks  that  he  was  much  struck  with 
their  general  similitude  to  the  Celtic  ring- 
money  found  in  Ireland,  and  described  by 
Sir  W.  Betham,  being  open  in  one  part 
of  the  circle ;  but  they  differ  from  the 
Celtic  rings,  in  being  hammered  into 
points  at  each  end,  before  being  bent  into 
their  ring  form,  which  peculiarity  seems 
to  form  a  ring  type  distinct  from  that  of 
the  ancient  Egyptian  ring-money,  as  re- 
presented by  Sir  G.  WUkinson,  which, 
if  the  drawings  are  correct,  seem  perfect 
rings.  The  writer  then,  in  an  elaborate 
paper,  referred  to  various  passages  in 
sacred  and  profane  writ  to  prove  the  an- 
tiquity and  general  prevalence  of  rings  as 
the  medium  of  barter  and  traffic. 

Mr.  Akerman  then  read  an  account  of 
some  Merovingian  and  other  gold  coins 
found  in  the  parish  of  Crondale  in  Hamp- 
shire, some  of  which,  by  permission  of  the 
owner,  C.  E.  Lefroy,  esq.  were  exhibited 
to  the  meeting.  With  the  coins  were 
found  some  elegantly  worked  ornaments, 
and  a  gold  chain  having  a  close  analogy 
with  the  Maltese  work  of  the  present  day. 
,  The  coins  belong  to  the  series  of  the 
tiers  de  solf  or  gold  triena  of  the  French 
kings  of  the  first  race  and  their  moneyers, 
and  present  a  variety  of  types,  some  of 
which  seem  to  be  very  difficult  of  explana- 
tion ;  others  are  palpable  imitations  of 
Roman  coins ;  for  instance,  one  reading 

INPLIDI.O.IVSAVO,  Rev.  DN.LICINI.  AVG 

::6ys.,  is  copied  from  a  common  small 
brass  coin  of  Licinius.  One  singular  coin 
is  inscribed  AVDVAHiD  REGES  ?  This 
differs  materially  from  the  rest,  and  Mr. 
Akerman  throws  out  a  suggestion  that  it 
may  probably  be  assigned  to  Antharic  the 
Lombard  king,  a.d.  584. 

Others  are  satisfactorily  appropriated 
to  Marsal,  to  Quentoric,  to  St.  Eligius, 
&c.  Not  the  least  remarkable  among 
these  extraordinary  coins  are  some  bear- 
ing a  full-faced  head,  and  reading  on  the 
reverse,  lvndvni  ;  but,  Mr.  Akerman 
observes,  in  what  century  they  were  issued 
it  is  not  easy  to  determine,  although  con- 
jecture may  assign  them  to  the  period 
when  the  sceattas  so  often  found  in  Kent 
were  the  current  coin  in  that  part  of 
England,  nor  will  it  be  doubted,  he  thinks, 
that  they  are  of  English  origin,  and  that 
their  place  of  mintage  was  London.  If 
this  opinion  be  confirmed  by  further  dis- 
coveries or  researches,  these  are  the  first 
and  only  gold  coins  of  the  Anglo-Saxon 
dynasty,  the  money  of  that  period  which 
was  struck  in  England  being  of  silver  and 
brass;  while  the  ^old  bitiierto  has  been 


638 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


[Dee. 


believed  to  haye  been  exclnsirely  confined 
to  France. 

Many  donations  of  coins  and  books 
were  laid  on  the  table,  and  several  new 
members  proposed. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  Society  will  be 
held  on  the  28th  of  December. 


HISTORICAL  SECTION  OF  THE  FRENCH 
SCIENTIFIC  CONGRESS. 

(Continued  from  p,  532.; 

Dr.  Bromet  has  this  month  favoured  us 
with  his  promised  account  of  the  archsolo- 
gical  questions  submitted  to  the  Scientific 
Congress  lately  held  at  Angers,  in  con- 
tinuation of  the  Historical  Questions  we 
published  in  our  last  number.  But  his 
proposed  observations  on  the  **  zeal  and 
activity'*  of  the  French  antiquaries  he 
begs  to  defer  to  some  future  occasion ; 
when,  at  the  same  time,  he  may  possibly 
give  us  a  general  statement  of  the  method 
and  pre -arrangement  (adopted  by  the 
general  secretaries)  of  the  **  Congress 
Scientifique  de  France.'* 

1.  In  what  localities  of  Anjou  are  there 
any  Druidical,  Roman,  or  Gallo-Roman 
monuments,  and  especially  what  Roman 
theatres  or  amphitheatres  ? 

2.  What  is  the  best  mode  of  drawing  up 
a  map  of  the  several  architectural  monu- 
ments that  have  succeeded  one  another  in 
this  country  ? 

In  the  formation  of  such  historical  maps 
it  was  proposed  that  there  should  be  a 
Separate  one  for  each  architectural  sera. 

3 .  At  what  epoch  was  the  style  of  art  now 
called  Byzantine  introduced  into  Anjou  ? 

4.  To  what  period  can  we  attribute  the 
formation  of  certain  enormous  masses  of 
iron  scoriae  met  with  near  Chambellay 
and  Plessis-Mace  in  Anjou — there  being 
neither  traces  nor  tradition  of  any  iron 
works  having  ever  existed  in  their  vicinity  ? 

The  conversation  on  this  question  elicited 
the  information  that  pit-coal,  although  so 
plentiful  in  Anjou,  was  not  used,  nor  pro- 
bably known,  as  a  combustible  previously 
to  A.D.  1321. 

5.  How  is  it  that  we  occasionally  find 
on  one  isolated  spot  such  quantities  of 
broken  Roman  pottery  ?  and  what  are  the 
inscriptions  and  the  subjects  in  relief 
usually  represented  on  the  pottery  so 
found  ? 

6.  What  were  the  destination  and  the 
use  of  certain  earthen  vessels  occasionally 
found  embedded  in  the  vaulting  and  walls 
of  ecclesiastical  buildings  ? 

This  question  referred  to  certain  long 
grey  earthen  vases  inserted  in  the  vaulting 
and  walls  of  the  choir  of  the  church  of  St. 
Martin  at  Angers,  and  supposed  to  have 
been  there  placed  with  the  intent  of  in- 


creasing the  reBonant  properties  of  its 
domical  vaulting. 

7.  What  are  the  essential  points  of 
difference  between  Roman  fortifications 
and  those  of  the  middle  ages  ? 

8.  What  Roman  monumental  sculpture 
is  there  in  Anjou  that  may  be  considered 
as  symbolical  ? 

9.  How  shall  we  explain  the  figure 
called  a  mermaid  when  holding  in  each 
hand  a  fish  ? 

10.  And  how  the  representation  of  a 
personage  sitting  upon  a  cruciform  nim- 
bus, having  another  person  kneeling  at 
his  feet  ? 

11.  At  what  epoch  did  the  Gauls  in 
Anjou  cease  to  bum  tiieir  dead  ?  and  what 
were  the  most  ancient  modes  of  inhu- 
mation ? 

This  custom,  it  appeared,  was  rapidly 
declining  at  the  close  of  the  third  century, 
although  it  still  continued  during  the 
fourth  century  in  those  Gaulish  provinces 
where  Christianity  had  not  become  do- 
minant. But  some  gentlemen  thought 
that  the  chief  priests  of  the  Celtic  tribes 
were  always  buried,  so  many  Celtic  mo- 
numents having  been  proved  to  have 
skeletons  under  them. 

12.  What  date  may  we  attribute  to 
those  tombs  on  which  are  represented 
plough-shares,  spindles,  distaffis,  &c.  and 
what  do  they  designate  ? 

These  figures  M.  Godard  said  he  had 
never  met  with  on  tombs  older  tiian  the 
14th  century,  and  supposed  them  to  be 
nothing  more  than  memorials  of  the  occa- 
pations  of  the  persons  therein  buried. 

13.  Whence  arose  the  practice,  con- 
tinued in  some  districts  even  to  the  17th 
century,  of  placing,  in  the  interior  of  cer- 
tain tombs,  vessels  filled  with  charcoal  ? 

This,  it  was  stated,  was  not  common 
previously  to  the  11th  century,  and  pro- 
bably meant  to  typify,  by  the  natural  in- 
destructibility of  charcoal,  that  the  good 
works  of  good  persons  live  after  them. 
M.  Godard,  alluding  to  the  usual  contents 
of  ancient  coffins,  stated  that  he  had  once 
found  a  skeleton  with  a  crown  of  laurel 
leaves  around  the  skull,  and  a  bunch  of 
flowers  on  the  breast;  the  coffin  which 
contained  it  being  of  better  workmanship 
than  those  around  it.  He  also  stated 
that,  although  he  had  opened  not  less 
than  50  Gaulish  coffins,  he  had  never 
found  any  coins  therein. 

14.  Has  the  respect  for  our  dead  always 
followed  the  progress  of  civilization  ? 

15.  What  were  the  costumes  of  men 
and  women  in  the  three  several  classes  of 
peasants,  citizens,  and  nobles,  from  the 
12th  to  the  15th  centuries  inclusive  ?  and 
what,  especially,  was  the  military  costome 
of  that  period  ? 


18430 


Antiquaian  B^Morches. 


16.  Witt  li  the  r«aMn  that  ia  thou 
altostioni  formerly  occupied  b;  the  Ro- 
mans we  10  attea  find  theii  medaU  Bad 
coins  encloied  in  tbskIi  ? 

17.  What  «r«  the  historical  bets  re- 
lating to  tbe  moner  of  Anjoa  from  the 
time  of  Count  Ingelger  to  the  death  of 
King  Renf  ? 

1^.  What  is  the  history  of  the  mint  of 
AngerB  ? 

19.  What  means  hare  been  adopted  in 
Anjoa  doriag  the  last  twelve  jears  for  tbe 
preseiTBtion  of  tbe  several  architectural 
fragments  that  belonged  to  its  ancient 
edifices ;  Into  what  depositoriea  baTc 
they  been  collected,  and  what  monuments 
(till  existing  are  most  worthy  of  being  so 
repaired  and  upheld  as  to  prevent  an; 
dilapidation  or  niin  that  now  threaten 
their  downfall  ? 

20.  Which,  in  the  department  of  the 
Maine  and  Loire,  are  tbe  most  interestiDg 
musenmi  of  antiqaitieB,  and  by  what 
olgects  aie  they  severally  dlstiaguished, 
with  regard  to  their  inscriptions,  painted 
glass,  tapestry,  &c.  Sec? 


«S9 


,    M.    (rereiwd) 

L-NTHID[,"  the  lait  I 

frequent  accompaniment  of  the 
Q.  Among  the  few  coins-are  those 
of  Antoninus,  (3nd  brass,)  FaustinB,  and 
Probus  (3rd) .  Also  a  fragment  of  a  term- 
cotta  lamp,  eihibldng  a  rudely  executed 
human  head  ia  relief :  tbe  name  stamped 
upon  tbe  bottom  is  unfortunately  rendered 
illegible  by  that  far  more  "  ruthless  de- 
stroyer" than  countless  years— /*e  la. 
hourer'a  pickaxe.  Tbe  discovery  of  Roman 
antiquities  not  precisely  falling  witliin  the 
objects  of  the  contractors  for  tbe  city 
sewerage,  we  can  scarcely  wonder  in  tbis 
or  otlier  cases  at  the  preservation  of  so 
few  objects  illustrative  of  tbe  history 
and  cnatams  of  past  ages.  Among  the 
objects  of  minor  interest  discovered  in 
Bishop^ate  Street  may  be  mentioned  a 
rosary  of  5%  beads,  to  which  ia  affixed  a 
small  cracifii  (plated  on  copper,)  of 
beautiful  noikmanship ;  near  it  lay  a 
leaden  medal  representing  a  half-length 
figure  holding  a  crucilii  apon  which  he 
is    intently   gazing.      It   is   inscribed  B- 


teosive  operations  then  recently  com- 
menced in  this  street  for  sewerage,  and 
which  have  since  branched  through  a 
portion  of  the  neighbonihoed  on  the  eaat 
side,  have  furnished  ns  with  some  ad> 
dltional  evidence  of  tbe  same  character. 
Ithasbeen  before  observed  that  the  variona 
discoveries  from  time  to  time  in  Goodman's 
Fields,  Whitechapel,  and  SpitalBeUs,  have 
afforded  striking  testimony  of  the  appro- 
priation, to  some  extent,  of  the  east  and 
Qorth-eaat  side  of  the  boundary  of  ancient 
Londinium  as  a  place  of  sepulture.  In 
the  present  instance  tbe  excavation  in 
Widegate  Street  and  Artillery  Lane,  which 
are  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  laat. 
named  district,  have  presented  some  ad- 
ditional illustration  in  the  numerous  irag> 
meDUoftheblackdneraryums.  I  believe 
only  one  perfect  one  has  been  saved  ;  this 
is  of  small  sLie,  and  of  the  nsnal  form  and 
character.  Nomeroas  fragmentary  spe- 
cimens of  Samian  ware  have  been  also 
disinterred,  those  of  theembossed  descrip- 
tion exhibiting  that  same  never-ending 
variety  of  pattern  which  seemi  to  so 
characterise  this  beautiful  ware.  Some  of 
them  are  remarkable  for  their  elegance  of 
design.  The  fragments  bearing  the  pot- 
ter's stamps  which  have  fallen  nnder  my 

must  not  venture  to  occupy  yourspace  by 
a  list.    Perhaps  the  moit  remarkable  ore 


Shot  Laru.—ki  the  south  end  (near  its 
junction  with  Fleet  Street)  some  frag- 
ments of  Roman  pottery  were  discovered 
in  the  recent  excavation.  Among  them 
were  several  fragments  of  Samian  wars. 
On  the  remains  of  two  patera  occur  the 
stamps  "  DV  FATRici"  and  "  fegT- 
LARiB,"  tbe  first  two  letters  of  the  latter 

Ftllar  ione.— Tbe  drawing  herewitb  » 


a  representation  of  *  fVagmmit  of  a  Pnr- 
beck  gravestone  or  colfin-Iid  in  the  pos- 
session of  Mr.  W.   Chaffers,  jun.  dii< 


_, .  n  the  neck  of  a  skeleton  incated  in  tit 
well  ^  a  contunt  in  iSpaia,  to  which  arc 
suspended  an  ivory  crucifix  and  two  oj 
three  brass  medals,  and  among  them  Is  a 
similar  imprestiou  of  Qonsiga. 


640 


Antiquarian  Researches, 


[Dec. 


covered  in  the  excavation  in  Fetter  Lane 
in  July  last  opposite  Neville's  Court. 

E.  B.  P. 

P.S.  I  beg  to  apologise  for  a  misquo- 
tation of  Shakspere  in  my  last  paper.  I 
have  there  inadvertently  charged  Falstaff 
(who  has  already  quite  enough  to  answer 
for)  with  boasting  that  he  had  bought  his 
horse  **  at  Paurs."  The  words  "  I  bought 
him  at  Paul's,"  refer  to  Bardolph.  It 
seems  that  trusty  servant  of  **  the  fat 
knight "  was  sent  to  Smithfield  for  the 
horse.  (Henry  IV.  Pt.  II.  Act  I.)  The 
degradation  of  the  place  is  not  lessened  by 
the  supposed  purchase  being  a  man  instead 
of  a  horse.  But  we  have  good  historical 
evidence  of  its  having  been  a  market-place 
for  both.  Nearly  a  century  later  than  the 
period  before  named  we  find  (according  to 
Dugdale)  that  during  the  civil  wars  the 
vest  part  of  the  cathedral  was  converted 
into  a  stable  y  and  the  portico  fitted  up  for 
milliners*  shops,  ^*c.  Vide  Maitland,  p. 
1165. 


ANCIENT  DOCUMENT. 

Sir  Thomas  Phillipps  has  discovered 
among  the  records  of  Worcester  Cathedral 
a  curious  roll  of  the  household  expenses  of 
Godfrey  Giffard,  Bishop  of  Worcester, 
when  his  brother  Walter,  Archbishop  of 
York,  it  is  presumed,  came  to  visit  him  at 
Hartlebury,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  I. 
Like  the  ^Ifric  Saxon  Grammar  (which 
Sir  T.  Phillipps  found  among  the  same 
records,  and  which  with  the  kind  permis- 
sion of  the  dean  and  chapter  he  has  partly 
printed)  it  formed  the  cover  of  a  book 
bound  about  300  or  400  years  since. 


ANTIQUITIES  OF  ROME. 

Great  pains  are  taken  at  Rome  to  preserve 
from  further  decay  the  architectural  relics 
of  the  ages  anterior  to  Christianity.  The 
tottering  portion  of  the  Colosseum  has 
been  propped  up,  and  the  Temple  of 
Nerva  is  about  to  be  repaired.  The  public 
roads  are  likewise  undergoing  great  im- 
provements. The  heretofore  incommo- 
dious  road  on  the  Monte  Cavo  {Mons 
latialis)  has  been  levelled,  and  they  are 
building  a  viaduct  at  Genzano.  The  great 
road  across  the  Pontine  Marshes  will  be 
improved ;  the  gloomy  desert  which  for- 
merly surrounded  the  traveller  has  been 
planted  with  rows  of  elm-trees,  whilst  on 
either  side  the  eye  is  gratified  by  the 
pleasing  aspect  of  corn-fields  and  pasture- 
lands.  The  malaria  of  that  district,  never- 
theless, continues  to  exercise  a  baneful 
iafluence  on  health. 


DISCOVERY  OF  COINS. 

On  the  1st  Sept.  a  countryman  named 
Fondarfive,  of  Rohne  near  Wisby,  while 
ploughing  on  the  side  of  a  hill,  found  an 
oval  copper  vessel,  containing  above  3,350 
silver  coins,  and  fragments  of  differentsizes. 
About  380  of  these  coins  are  Anglo-Saxon, 
Danish,  and  Norwegian,  of  Kings  Ethel- 
red,  Canute,  Harold,  Hardicanute,  Ed- 
ward,  and  Swen  Erickson.  The  others 
are  German,  chiefly  of  the  cities  of  Co- 
logne, Magdeburg,  Mainz,  Strasburg, 
Augsburg,  &c.  They  are  all  of  the  10th 
and  11th  centuries,  and  the  whole  appear 
to  have  been  buried  in  the  ground  towards 
the  end  of  the  11  th  century.  There  are 
only  two  cafes  (Arabian  coins)  among 
them.  Two  other  peasants  have  found  a 
coin  and  a  clasp. 

DISCOVERY  OF  SAXON  COINS. 

A  short  time  since  one  of  the  workmen 
of  Mr.  Charles  Ade,  of  Milton  Court 
Farm,  near  Alfriston,  Sussex,  brought 
him  a  small  piece  of  silver,  which  the 
former  dug  up  in  his  garden.  It  proved 
to  be  a  penny  of  Edward  the  Confessor. 
It  ocenrred  to  Mr.  Ade  that  he  had  two 
sifililar  coins  brought  to  him  some  years 
ago,  which  were  also  found  very  nearly 
on  the  same  spot.  The  coincidence  in- 
duced him  to  have  the  site  carefully 
searched,  the  result  of  which  has  been  the 
discovery  of  a  considerable  number  of 
Saxon  silver  pennies,  scattered  about 
singly  in  the  soil  of  the  garden.  They 
are  of  a  date  just  prior  to  the  Norman 
Conquest,  and  include  specimens  of  the 
reigns  of  Cnut  (or  Canute),  Harold  I. 
Harthacnut,  and  Edward  the  Confessor ; 
most  of  them  are  in  the  finest  preserva- 
tion. 


Some  men  digging  for  gravel  in  a  field 
in  Factory-lane,  Driffield,  Yorkshire,  in 
the  occupation  of  Mr.  Sawden  Davison, 
lately  discovered  nine  human  skeletons, 
of  unusuUy  large  size.  On  putting  to- 
gether the  bones  of  one  of  them  it  was 
found  to  measure  seven  feet  in  height. 
The  skeleton  of  a  horse  was  found  at  the 
same  time.  The  bones  were  again  com- 
mitted to  their  native  clay.  In  a  plain 
commencing  near  Wetwang,  about  six 
miles  distant,  and  some  part  of  it  running 
in  a  line  almost  parallel  with  the  Driffield 
becks,  and  ending  near  Bell  Mills,  human 
bones  and  warlike  implements  are  often 
ploughed  out  and  dug  up,  and  it  is  reason- 
able to  suppose  that  the  tract  in  question 
has  at  some  time  formed  the  site  of  an 
encampment,  and  probably  of  some  deadly 
engagement. 


IQ 


641 


HISTORICAL   CHRONICLE. 


FOREIGN   NEWS, 


FRANCE. 

The  fortresses  around  Paris  are  com- 
pleted, at  an  expense  of  10,400,000/. 
sterling.  These  forts  will  be  occupied  in 
time  of  peace  by  24,800,  who  would' 
with  the  military  establishments  of  the 
enceinte  contmuSe,  constitute  an  effective 
force  of  upwards  of  60,000  men.  The 
works  are  to  be  armed  with  1,262  pieces 
of  ordnance,  composed  in  part  of  80- 
pounders,  and  large  mortars,  whose  pro- 
jectiles might  reach  every  street  in  Paris. 
The  government  is  rapidly  extending  its 
navy,  and  its  steam  navy  more  especially. 

SPAIN. 

An  attempt  was  made  at  Madrid  on 
the  6th  November  to  assassinate  General 
Narvacz.    He  was  on   the  way  to  the 
opera,   with  his    aides-de-camp  Maceti 
and  Bermudez  de  Castro.     At  the  corner 
of  the  street  De  la  Luna,  two  persons 
fired    simultaneously  from    behind    the 
pillars  of  St.  Martin's  Church.     One  of 
the  shots  killed  Maceti.     On  turning  into 
the  street  Descagono,  several  more  shots 
were  fired  at  the  carriage,  one  of  which 
grazed  Bermudez  de  Castro's  forehead. 
Nar\Tiez  then  left  the  carriage,  and,  pro- 
ceeding to  the  barracks  of  the  Princesa 
Regiment,   called  out  the  troops.     He 
afterwards   returned   to   the  opera,   and 
entered  the  Queen's  box  with  his  hands 
covered  with  the  blood  of  his  aide-de- 
cauip!      The  assassins  have    not  been 
arrested.     On  the  8th  the  two  legisla- 
tive bodies,  assembled   in   the  Hall  of 
the  Senate,  declared  the  Queen  of  age. 
Number  of  voters,   209:    for   it,   193; 
against  it,  16.     This  vote  was  enthusias- 
tically received.      General    Narvaez   on 
leaving  the  hall  was  the  object  of  a  sort 
of  triumph.     Queen  Isabella  II.  took  her 
oath  on  the  10th,  before  the  two  cham- 
bers.     Her    Majesty    was   everywhere 
received  with  the   utmost    enthusiasm. 
Insurrectionary  movements  exist  at  CadisE, 
Seville,  Cordova,  Granada,  Malaga,  Vigo, 
and  Carthagena. 

INDIA. 

Further  hostilities  have  taken  pla^e  in 
Scinde,  which  have  resulted  in  the  entire 
annihilation  of  the  force  of  Ameer  Shere 
Mahomed.  The  Ameer  finding  himself 
surrounded  by  Col.  Roberts  in  the  north, 
and  by  Capt.  Jacob  on  the  desert,  turned 

Gsz^T,  Mao.  Vol,  XX, 


upon  the  latter  with  about  8000  men,  but 
his  army  quickly  broke  and  dispersed. 
An  armv  of  15,000  men  is  assembling  on 
the  Sikh  frontier,  under  the  command 
of  Sir  Robert  Dick.     Shere  Sing,  the 
Maharajah  of  Lahore,  has  been  murdered, 
together  with  bis  two  sons  and  his  own 
wives  and  those  of  Purtaub  Sing.     This 
massacre  was  brought  about  by  a  band  of 
conspirators,  of  which  Dhyan  Sing,  the 
late  minister,  and  Ajeet  Sing,  a  brother 
of  the  widow  of  Kurruck  Sing  (Shere 
Sing's  predecessor) ,  were  the  heads.    The 
assassination  of  the  monarch  was  com- 
mitted by  Ajeet  Sing;  and  he  shortly 
afterwards  slew  his  accomplice,  Dhyan 
Sing,    whose    son   (Heera    Sing)   soon 
avenged  the  murder  of  his  sire  by  the 
slaughter  of  Ajeet !     Dhuleep  Sing,  an 
alleged  son  of  Kurruck  Sing,  is  on  the 
throne,  and  Heera  Sing  has  been  ap* 
pointed  prime  minister.     The  greatest 
possible  anarchy  prevails;  but  it  is  ex- 
pected that  Liahore,  inhabited  by  four 
millions  of  people,  and  having  a  revenue 
of  2,000,000/.  will  eventually  be  annexed 
to  the  British  dominions. 

CHINA. 

A  proclamation,  issued  by  the  High 
Commissioner  Keying,  announces  that  the 
treaty  had  been  ratified,  and  regulations 
and  tariffs  agreed  to,  which  tariffs  are  "  to 
take  effect  with  reference  to  the  com- 
merce with  China  of  all  countries  as  well 
as  England."  Sir  Henry  Pottinger  for- 
mally assumed  the  government  of  Hong 
Kong  on  the  26th  June  ;  the  city  on  the 
northern  side  of  the  island  being  named, 
after  her  Majesty,  **  Victoria."  A  Legis- 
lative Council  was  appointed,  magistrates 
and  other  civil  officers  installed,  and  the 
whole  possession  seems  to  show  signs  of 
rapid  growth.  The  place  will  be  strongly 
fortified. 

CAPE  OF  GOOD  HOPE. 

On  the  7th  of  August,  the  emigrant 
farmers  held  their  grand  meeting  at  Pieter- 
mauritzburg,  and  agreed  to  accept  the 
terms  of  the  Governor's  proclamation  for 
the  settlement  of  the  Natal  afiairs.  They 
acknowledged  the  supremacy  and  au- 
thority  of  her  Majesty,  and  the  great 
work  of  pacification  was  thus  concluded. 
On  the  JLafir  frontier  the  border  farmers 
were  in  a  state  of  the  ^eatest  excitement, 
and  in  dread  of  their  lives. 

4N 


G42 


Domestic  Occurrences. 


[Dec. 


ANTARCTIC    EXPEDITION. 


This  important  expedition  has  arrived 
at  home,  about  four  years  of  brave  and 
unwearied  exertion.  The  Erebus,  Capt. 
James  Ross,  and  Terror,  Capt.  Crozier, 
left  England  on  the  29th  Sept.  1839. 
A  magnetic  observatory  was  established  at 
St.  Helena,  and  the  important  point  of 
minimum  magnetic  intensity  which  ex- 
ists in  the  portion  of  the  Atlantic  tra- 
versed by  the  expedition  was  determined. 
On  Jan.  11,  1840,  after  passing  in  safety 
through  vast  fields  of  ice,  they  gained  a 
perfectly  clear  sea,  and  in  lat.  70.47  S. 
and  long.  172.36  E.  land  was  found  at  the 
distance  of  nearly  100  miles  directly  in 
their  course  and  between  them  and  the 
pole — the  southernmost  land  ever  disco- 
vered.  On  nearing  it,  mountain  peaks 
appeared  from  9,000  to  12,000  feet  in 
height.  A  landing  was  effected,  and 
formal  possession  taken.  On  Jan.  23, 
the  expedition,  after  sailing  along  this 
magnificent  land  for  a  long  way,  reached 
74.15  S.  the  highest  southern  latitude 
that  had  ever  been  previously  attained. 
Here  strong  southerly  gales,  thick  fogs, 
and  perpetual  snow  storms,  impeded 
them.  On  the  28th  a  mountain  12,400 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea  was  seen 
emitting  intense  flame  and  smoke  in 
grand  profusion.  No  appearance  of  lava 
streams  could  be  detected  on  the  surface 
of  the  snow.  This  splendid  volcano  was 
named  Mount  Erebus.  The  expedition 
pursued  its  course  amidst  great  difficul- 
ties, until  only  within  157  miles  of  the 
pole ;  but  were  compelled  to  return  owing 
to  the  lateness  of  the  season.  Many  other 
discoveries  were  made.  They  departed 
for  Van  Diemen's  Land,  April  4,  where 
Ross  was  warmly  welcomed  by  his  old 
Arctic  companion,  Sir  John  Franklin. 

Second  year.  In  this  expedition  the 
voyagers  were  often  in  a  position  of  ap- 
palling jeopardy.  During  one  violent 
gale  amidst  icebergs  on  Jan.  19,  1842, 
the  rudder  of  the  Erebus  was  shattered 
and  that  of  the  Terror  utterly  destroyed. 


The  shocks  sustained  by  the  ships  for  26 
hours  were  terrific.  They  fought,  how- 
ever, against  every  obstacle,  and  traced 
the  barrier  of  ice  which  had  impeded 
them  the  previous  year  about  130  miles 
further  eastward,  but  all  beyond  was 
fruitless.  A  new  course  was  shaped  for 
Cape  Horn,  and  the  ships  refitted  at  Rio 
Janeiro.  One  man  fell  overboard  in  a 
heavy  gale — the  only  casualty  during  136 
days  of  arduous  duty ; — but  there  was  not 
a  man  on  the  sick  list. 

Third  pear.  On  Dec.  17th,  1842,  the 
expedition  sailed  from  the  Falkland  Is- 
lands. The  details  of  the  voyage  are 
deeply  interesting.  A  large  continent 
was  discovered  and  taken  possession  of  ; 
and  at  the  extremity  of  a  vast  gulf,  mag* 
nificent  table- topped  mountains  7,000  feet 
high,  were  seen.  There  is  no  doubt  now 
that  a  continent  exists  to  the  northward 
of  the  great  barrier  discovered  in  1841  to 
the  east  of  Mount  Erebus.  The  ships 
were  much  beset  by  ice  and  storms.  The 
observations  appear  to  prove  that  the 
supposition  of  there  being  two  magnetic 
poles  of  verticity  in  the  south  (as  is  well 
known  to  be  the  case  in  the  north)  is  er- 
roneous, and  that  there  is  in  reality  but 
one  magnetic  pole  in  the  southern  hemis- 
phere. Great  perils  were  encountered 
from  ice  during  the  latter  part  of  the 
voyage,  and  the  expedition  was  compelled 
to  sa5  for  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  which 
it  reached  on  the  4th  of  April.  The  re- 
searches of  this  voyage  extended  12  de- 
grees of  latitude  beyond  those  of  the  pre- 
vious voyagers  in  this  meridian  (15  W.) 
viz.  Cook,  Bellinghaufen,  and  Biscoe. 
The  tracts  of  the  enterprising  Waddell 
were  frequently  crossed.  A  considerable 
extent  of  unknown  coast  was  discovered. 
The  ships  arrived  off  England  on  the  4th 
Sept.  The  acquisitions  to  natural  history, 
geology,  geography,  but  above  all  to- 
wards the  elucidation  of  the  grand  mys- 
tery of  terrestrial  magnetism,  raise  this 
voyage  to  a  pre-eminent  rank  among  the 
greatest  atchievements  of  British  courage, 
intelligence,  and  enterprise. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


Oct.  25.  Her  Majesty  and  Prince 
Albert,  with  a  numerous  suite,  left 
Windsor  Castle  early  in  the  morning,  in 
order  to  visit  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge.  Having  arrived  at  the  entrance 
of  the  town,  where  an  enormous  tniimphal 
arch  was  erected,  the  Mayor  on  one  knee 
presented  the  mace  to  the  Queen,  who 
was  pleased  to  return  it,  and  the  cortege 
moved  onwards.  The  Queen  arrived  at 
Trinity  college  at  two  o'clock,  amid  the 
firing  of  cannon,  the  ringing  of  bells,  and 


the  cheers  of  the  students,  where  a  col- 
lation was  prepared  for  her  \  after  which 
she  entered  the  hall,  and  with  Prince 
Albert  took  her  station  on  the  top  of  the 
steps  leading  to  a  throne  which  had  there 
been  erected,  the  chair  being  that  of  the 
celebrated  Dr.  Bentley.  The  various 
members  of  the  university  then  entered 
according  to  precedency ;  Lord  Lynd- 
hurst,  the  High  Steward,  was  present, 
but  not  the  Chancellor.  The  Vice-Chan- 
cellor,  the  Rev.  W.  Whewell,  then  read 


J843.] 


Domestic  Occurrendes, 


643 


congratulatory  addresses  to  her  Alajesty 
and  Prince  Albert,  and  the  heads  of  the 
university  having  been  introduced,  the 
royal  parry  retired,  and  proceeded  to 
King's  College  Chapel,  where  prayers 
were  read  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Thackeray, 
the  Provost,  and  the  anthem  played  by 
Mr.  Pratt,  organist  of  the  college  and  the 
university. 

The  Koyal  Party  then  visited  Trinity 
College,  and  were  received  by  the  follow- 
ing noblemen,  who  each  bore  a  lighted 
wax  torch  in  his  hand :  — The  Right 
Hon.  the  Earl  Nelson,  the  Earl  of  Gif- 
ford,  Viscount  Feilding,  the  Hon.  Mr, 
Kussell,  and  the  Hon.  William  Henry 
Lei^h,  and  were  each  presented  to  her 
Majesty.  The  royal  dinner  party  took 
place  in  King  Henry  the  Eighth's  draw- 
ing-room, at  eight  o'clock.  The  following 
formed  the  distinguished  circle :  —  The 
Queen,  Prince  Albert,  Lord  Lyndhurst, 
Marquess  of  Exeter,  Right  lion.  H. 
Gouiburn,  Hon.  Col.  Grey,  Hon.  Col. 
Bouverie,  Hon.  G.  E.  Anson,  Hon. 
Miss  Stanley,  Lady  Mount  Edgcumbe, 
the  Vice-  Chancellor,  Mrs.  Whewell,  and 
Earl  Delawarr.  At  9  o'clock  her  Ma- 
jesty  held  a  levee  in  the  drawing-room, 
the  invitation  to  which  was  addressed  to 
the  noblemen  of  the  university,  heads  of 
colleges,  officers,  and  M.A.  Fellows  of 
colleges.  It  occupied  three  quarters  of 
an  hour.  Numerous  presentations  took 
place,  and  addresses  were  presented  from 
the  Corporation,  the  Parochial  Clergy, 
and  the  County.  The  town  was  brilliantly 
illuminated  at  night,  and  an  exhibition  of 
fireworks  took  place  in  Parker's  Piece. 

Oct.  26.  At  ten  o'clock  her  Majesty 
and  the  Prince  proceeded  to  the  Senate 
House,  escorted  by  the  Scots  Greys, 
where  a  throne  was  erected  on  a  plat- 
form, on  which  were  also  placed  two  state 
chairs,  one  for  the  Queen  and  the  other 
for  the  Prince.  At  their  entrance  the 
Coronation  Anthem  was  played  on  the 
noble  organ.  The  Royal  Pair  were  pre- 
ceded by  the  Esquire  Bedells  and  the 
Lord  Chamberlain,  and  followed  by  the 
Vice- Chancellor  of  the  University  and 
the  Royal  suite.  Her  Majesty  and  his 
Royal  Highness  having  taken  their  seats, 
the  usual  forms  attending  the  ceremony  of 
conferring  a  Doctor's  degree  were  gone 
through.  The  Prince  was  led  from  his 
chair  by  the  Senior  Bedell  to  the  front  of 
the  platform,  and  then  the  Public  Orator 
delivered  a  commendatory  oration  in  Latin, 
at  the  conclusion  of  which  the  Prince  was 
robed  in  the  scarlet  gown  of  a  Doctor  of 
Civil  Law.  When  the  ceremony  was 
concluded  a  loud  cheer  was  raised  by  (he 
Undergraduates  for  *•  Doctor  Albert.*' 
After  this,  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Di- 
vinity was  conferred,  by  royal  mandate^  on 
the  Rev.  Robert  Phelps,  Master  of  Sidide^ 


Sussex  college,  and  on  Dr.  Oliphant, 
Regius  Professor  of  Divinity.  Her  Majesty 
stood  for  some  minutes,  and,  together  with 
his  Royal  Highness,  seemed  very  much 
impressed  with  the  beauty  of  Roubiliac's 
statue  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  which  stands 
in  the  ante-chapel. 

From  the  Senate  House  the  Royal 
pair  proceeded  to  the  Geological  Museum, 
the  curiosities  of  which  were  explained  by 
Professor  Sedgwick ;  and  thence  to  the 
University  Library  and  Fitzwilliam  Mu- 
seum. They  then  proceeded  to  King's 
college  and  St.  John's  college,  after  in- 
specting which  they  returned  to  Trinity 
Lodge  to  luncheon.  Prince  Albert  after- 
wards visited  Christ's,  Sydney  Sussex,  and 
Magdalene  colleges,  at  all  of  which  he  was 
received  with  every  possible  attention  by 
the  authorities.  At  three  o'clock  her 
Majesty  and  the  Prince  together  visited 
Corpus  Christ!  college,  and  the  round 
church  of  St.  Sepulchre.  At  half-past 
four  they  took  their  departure  from  Tri- 
nity college  (of  which  his  Royal  Highness 
was  admitted  a  member),  and  proceeded 
towards  Wimpole,  the  seat  of  the  Earl 
of  Hardwicke,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the 
county,  where  a  select  party,  including  the 
Duke  of  Rutland,  the  Marquess  and 
Marchioness  of  Normanby,  the  Earl  of 
Caledon,  &c.  were  assembled.  The  fol- 
lowing morning  was  spent  by  the  Prince 
in  shooting,  at  Cobb's  wood ;  and  in  the 
afternoon  he  accompanied  the  Queen  to 
Bourne,  an  ancient  seat  belonging  to 
Earl  Delawarr,  where  they  went  over  the 
principal  rooms,  in  one  of  which  Earl  De- 
lawarr called  the  Queen's  attention  to  an 
ancient  chimney-piece,  originally  at  Has- 
lingfield,  and  said  to  have  been  in  the  same 
room  in  which  Queen  Elizabeth  slept  the 
night  previous  to  visiting  Cambridge,  in 
1^4'.  There  was  a  public  ball  at  Wimpole 
at  night,  at  which  her  Majesty  danced  with 
the  Earl  of  Hardwicke,  the  Earl  of  Ca- 
ledon, and  Viscount  Canning.  Prince 
Albert  danced  with  Mrs.  Henry  Yorke 
and  with  Mrs.  Grantham  Yorke. 

The  next  moniing  her  Majesty  re- 
turned to  Windsor,  the  Earl  of  Hard- 
wicke, and  several  other  gentlemen,  at- 
tending her  on  horseback  to  Royston. 
Triumphal  arches,  and  other  decorations, 
were  scattered  on  the  road. 

Nov,  10.  We  have  to  record  the  de- 
struction by  fire  of  Luton  Hoo,  the  man- 
sion of  the  Marquess  of  Bute.  About 
two  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  inmates 
of  the  mansion  were  aroused  from  their 
slumbers  by  a  cry  that  the  roof  imme- 
diately over  the  grand  hall  was  on  fire. 
The  flames  continued  to  spread  to  the 
right  wing,  and  were  only  prevented  from 
extending  to  the  leit  wing  by  the  pulling 
down  of  the  partition-wall  between  that 
wing  and  the  centre  of  the  building.  The 


644? 


Domestic  Occurrences* 


[Dec. 


splendid  library  and  right  wing,  and  all 
those  parts  of  the  building,  fell  a  prey  to 
the  flames.  The  paintings,  books,  and 
nearly  all  fiie  furniture,  were  saved.  The 
library  was  146  feet  in  length,  and  divided 
into  three  rooms.  The  grand  hall  was 
supported  by  beautiful  columns  of  the 
Ionic  order.  The  entrance  porch  is  not 
unscathed.  The  action  of  the  fire  upon 
the  magnificent  Ionic  pillars  is  evident ; 
the  copper  roof  is  partially  melted,  and 
has  shrunk  from  the  stone-work.  In  the 
right  wing,  which  is  a  complete  ruin,  was 
the  chapel,  which  was  rebuilt  by  Smirke, 
and  contained  an  exceedingly  fine  Gothic 
wainscot,  wonderfully  enriched  with  carv- 
ing, intermingled  with  Latin  sentences  of 
Scripture,  in  ancient  characters,  which 
was  first  put  up  at  Tittenhanger,  in  Hert- 
fordshire, by  Sir  Thomas  Pope,  the 
founder  of  Trinity  college,  Oxford,  and 
was  removed  to  Luton  in  perfect  preser- 
vation by  the  family  of  Napier,  to  whom 
this  estate  formerly  belonged.  The  chapel 
and  this  beautiful  carving  have  been  drawn 
and  engraved  by  Mr.  Henry  Shaw,  F.S.  A . 
in  several  plates,  folio,  1830. 

A  great  portion  of  the  mansion  of  Luton 
Hoo  was  built  by  the  Napier  family,  but 
part  of  it  was  of  more  ancient  date.  It 
was,  however,  nearly  all  rebuilt  by  the 
minister,  the  Earl  of  feute,  who  employed 
the  celebrated  Adams  to  reconcile  the 
incongruities  of  its  architecture.  The 
east  and  south  wings  only  were  completed 
by  Adams,  and  the  present  noble  owner 
employed  Smirke,  who  completed  the 
other  wing,  and  added  the  magnificent 
portico.  The  bulk  of  the  loss  will  fall 
on  the  Sun,  Phoenix,  and  Royal  Exchange 
fire  offices.  The  insurance  effected  is — 
House  and  offices  in  the  Sun  for  10,000/. 
Household  goods  in  the  Sun  for  10,000/. 
and  in  the  Pbcsnix  for  10,000/.  Pictures 
and  prints  in  the  Sun  for  16,500/.  and  in 
the  Royal  Exchange  for  9,460/.  Stables 
in  the  Sun  for  2,000/.  China  and  glass 
in  the  Royal  Exchange  for  1,000/.  Entire 
insurance  in  the  Sun,  38,500/.;  Phoenix, 
10,000/. ;  and  Royal  Exchange,  lO.^'iOL  ; 
making  the  total  insurance  amount  to 
5a950/.  The  Marquess  of  Bute  was 
absent  at  Cardiff. 

Nene  Estuary  Embankment. — This  ex- 
tensive undertaking  was  designed  for  the 
purpose  of  inclosing  from  the  sea  a  tract 
of  most  valuable  land,  amounting  to  about 
4,000  acres,  which  will,  when  inclosed, 
be  principally  the  property  of  the  Com- 
missioners of  the  Nene  Outfall,  under 
whose  auspices  the  works  are  being  car- 
ried into  efiTect,  and  in  which  they  are 
assisted  by  the  professional  services  of  that 
eminent  engineer,  Sir  John  Rennie.  The 
embankment  is  nearly  three  miles  anda  half 
in  length,  and  for  some  distance  averages 


28  feet  in  height,  and  at  some  parts  of  the 
line  of  works  there  is  a  depth  at  high  tide 
of  14  feet.  About  one  mile  and  three 
quarters,  or  one  half  the  whole  length,  is 
already  completed,  and  from  this  portion 
of  the  work,  as  a  specimen,  it  is  allowed 
by  experienced  persons  that  it  will  be  one 
of  the  best  examples  of  a  sea«wall  to  be 
found  in  England.  The  land,  it  is  esti- 
mated, will  vary  in  value  from  50/.  to  80/. 
per  acre,  and,  as  a  maiden  soil,  would  be 
a  fine  site  for  a  model-farm  of  one  of  the 
agricultural  societies  of  England.  The 
works  are  rapidly  processing  under  the 
superintendence  of  mr.  H.  H.  Fulton, 
resident  engineer.  The  contract  was 
taken  in  Aug.  1842,  bv  Mr.  H.  Sharp,  for 
60,000/.  The  Nene  Outfall  Commission, 
which  is  headed  by  Mr.  Tycho  Wing,  as 
chairman,  has  already  effected  great  im- 
provement in  the  condition  of  part  of  the 
fens  of  Cambridgeshire  and  Lincolnshire, 
by  procuring  a  natural  drainage  for  the 
lands  in  lieu  of  the  inefficient  and  expen- 
sive  system  by  windmills  and  other  me- 
chanical means,  at  the  same  time  improv- 
ing the  navigation  of  the  river  Nene  from 
the  sea  to  Wisbech,  to  such  an  extent  that, 
whereas  formerly  Humber  keels  of  70  or 
80  tons  could  with  difficulty  reach  that 
port,  now  vessels  of  400  or  500  tons  can, 
with  the  assistance  of  a  pilot,  owing  to 
the  straightness  of  the  channel,  get  up  to 
Wisbech  without  the  slightest  difficulty. 
This  navigation,  as  an  artificial  tidal 
channel,  is  said  to  be  the  finest  of  that 
description  in  the  country.  It  was  de- 
signed and  executed  under  the  direction 
of  the  late  Mr.  Thomas  Telford  and  the 
present  Sir  John  Rennie,  and  so  impor- 
tant has  been  the  result  of  these  works 
that  the  trade  of  the  port  of  Wisbech  has 
been  trebled  during  the  last  ten  years.  In 
the  course  of  last  year  it  aofiounted  to 
140,000  tons  of  shipping,  though  the 
shipping  trade  was  in  a  worse  state  in 
1842  than  it  has  been  for  many  years  past. 

The  Welch  rioters  have  been  brought 
to  trial  by  a  Special  Commission  at  Cardiff, 
which  closed  its  duties  on  the  SOth  Oct. 
The  proceedings  by  the  Crown  were  con- 
ducted with  extreme  leniency;  about  three- 
fourths  of  the  prisoners  were  not  put  upon 
their  trial  at  all,  and  in  the  case  of  those 
who  have  been  convicted,  the  Solicitor- 
General,  so  far  from  pressing  for  punish- 
ment, has  in  most  instances  suggested  in 
their  favour  grounds  for  mitigation  of  the 
full  penalty  of  the  law.  To  this  sugges- 
tion the  humane  and  merciful  considera- 
tion of  the  Judge  not  only  has  acceded, 
but,  in  the  case  of  the  arch-deHnquent, 
John  Hughes,  has  commuted  the  sentence 
of  transportation  for  Ufe  to  one  of  trans- 
portation for  20  years* 


645 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Gazette  Pbomotions. 

Oct.  30.  Knighted;  James  Wyllie,  esq.  M.D., 
in  attendance  on  his  Iinperial  Highness  the 
Grand  Duke  Michael  of  Russia. 

Nov.  I.  Margaret  Robinson,  of  Netherside 
and  Linton,  co.  York,  widow  of  the  Rev. 
Josias  Robinson,  M.  A.  Rector  of  Abresford, 
Essex,  in  respect  to  the  memory  of  her  uncle 
Alexander  Nowell,  of  Underley,  esq.  M.P. 
for  Westmorland,  to  take  the  name  and  arms 
of  Nowell,  instead  of  Robinson. 

Nov.  3.  Lt.-Col.  L.  R.  Stacy,  C.B.  to  accept 
the  Sd  class  of  the  order  of  the  Dooran^e  em* 
pire. 

Nov.  4.  Charles  Edward  Cox,  esq.  to  be 
Lieut.-Col. ;  James  William  Freshfield,  esq. 
to  be  Major:  and  Frederick  William  Bossy, 
esq.  to  be  Acyatant,  with  the  rank  of  Captain, 
of  the  Artillery  Company  of  London. 

Nov.  6.  James  Walker,  esa.  Advocate,  to  be 
one  of  the  Ordinary  Clerks  of  Session  in  Scot- 
land, vice  George  Joseph  Bell,  esq.  deceased. 
—Adam  Urquhart,  esq.  Advocate,  to  be  Sheriff 
Depute  of  the  shire  of  Wig^oun. 

Nov.  6.  Earl  Delawarr,  and  Elizabeth  C'tess 
Delawarr  his  wife,  (she  being  sister  and  coheir 
of  John-Frederick  Sackville  4th  Duke  of  Dor- 
set,) to  take  the  surname  of  Sackville  before 
West,  and  quarter  the  arms  of  Sackville  in 
the  second  quarter. 

Nov.  8.  Major  Benj.  Hutcheson  Vaughan, 
R.  Art.,  in  compliance  with  the  will  of  Xady 
Sophia  Arbuckle,  widow  of  James  Arbnckle, 
of  Maryvale,  co.  Down,  esq.  to  take  the  name 
of  Arbuckle  after  Vaughan. 

Nov.  10.  Arthur  Aston,  esq.  late  Envoy 
Extraordinary  and  Minister  Plenipotentiary 
to  the  Queen  of  Spain,  to  be  a  Grand  Cross  of 
the  Bath.— Edmund  Norcott,  esq.  Commander 
R.N.  to  be  Governor  and  Commander  in 
Chief  over  Her  Majesty's  settlements  in  the 
Gambia ;  Thomas  Cowper  Sherwin,  esq.  Com- 
mander R.N.  to  be  Emigration  Agent  General 
for  British  Guiana ;  WiUiam  Henry  Butt,  esq. 
to  be  Rector  of  the  University  of  Malta.— St. 
Helena  Regiment,  brevet  Major  H.  E.  O'Dell 
to  be  Miyor.— Brevet,  Capt.  R.  L.  Dundas, 
5th  Foot,  to  be  Major  in  the  Army.— Capt.  W, 
sibom,  half-pay  Unattached,  to  oe  Secretary 
and  Adjutant  of  the  Royal  Biilitary  Asylum. 

Nov.  14.  Richard  Fakenham,  esq.  (now 
Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  the  Mexican  Re- 
public) to  be  Envoy  Ext.  and  Minister  Pleni- 
potentiary to  the  United  States  of  America ; 
Henry  Lytton  Bulwer,  esq.  (now  Secretary  to 
Her  Majesty's  Embassy  at  Paris)  to  be  Envoy 
Ext.  and  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  the 
Queen  of  Spain ;  Lord  William  Hervey  (for- 
merly Secretary  of  Legation  fA  Madrid,  to  be 
Secretary  to  Her  Majesty's  Embassy  at  Paris. 

Nov.  15.  Alexander  Wood,  esq.  (one  of  the 
Lords  of  Session  in  Scotland)  to  be  one  of  the 
Lords  of  Justiciary  in  Scotland,  vice  Alex- 
ander Maconochie,  esq.  resigned.— Patrick 
Robertson,  esq.  (Dean  of  Faculty),  to  be  one  of 
the  Lords  of  Session  in  Scotland,  vice  Alex- 
ander Maconochie,  esq.  resigned. 

Nov.  17.  23d  Foot,  brevet  Major  William 
Cockell  to  be  Major.— 49th  Foot,  Mjyor  Gilbert 
Pasley  to  be  Lieut-Col. ;  Major  W.  R.  Faber 
to  be  Major.— Unattached,  M^jor  Thomas 
Matheson,  from  the  23d  Foot,  to  be  Lient.- 

Colonel.  _  ^.  «  . 

Nov.  18.  William  Earl  of  Devon,  Sir  Robert 
Alexander  Ferguson,  Bart.,  George  Alexander 
Hamilton,  esq.  Thomas  Nicholas  Redington, 
esq.  and  John  Wynne,  esq.  to  be  fUt  Mi^esty's 


Commissioners  for  inquiring  into  the  state  of 
the  law  and  practice  in  respect  to  the  occn* 
pation  of  land  in  Ireland. 

Nov.  23.  Knighted  by  patent,  Anthony 
Perrier,  esq.  Her  Majesty's  consul  at  Brest. 

Nov.  24.  Charles  Bankhead,  esq.  (Secretary 
of  Embassy  at  Constantinople,)  to  he  Minister 
Plenipotentiary  to  the  Mexican  Republic; 
John  Ralph  Milbanke,  esq.  (Secretary  of  Em- 
bassy at  Vienna,)  to  be  Envoy  Ext.  and  Minis- 
ter Plenipotentiary  to  Bavaria ;  the  Hon.  H. 
R.  C.  Wellesley,  (Secretary  of  Legation  at 
Stattrardt,)  to  be  Secretary  to  Embassy  at 
O)nstantinople ;  Sir  Alexander  Malet,  Bart. 
(Secretary  of  Legation  at  the  Hague,;  to  be 
Secretary  to  Embassy  at  Vienna.— i5th  Drag., 
brevet  Major  Henry  Bond,  from  3d  Drag,  to 
be  Major.— 2d  Foot,  brevet  Major  J.  G.  S.  Gil- 
land  to  be  Major.— 22d  Foot,  Major-Gen.  Sir 
C.  J.  Napier,  C.C.B.  to  be  Colonel.— 31>th Foot, 
Capt.  C.  T.  Van  Straubenzee  to  be  Mi^or.— 
62d  Foot,  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  J.  F.  FitzGerald, 
K.C.B.  to  be  Colonel.— 85th  Foot,  Lieut.-Gen. 
Sir  Thomas  Pearson,  to  be  Colonel.— ^th 
Foot,  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  H.  F.  Bouverie,  K.C.B. 
to  be  Colonel.— 1st  West  India  Regt.,  Ueut.- 
Gen.  Sir  Gregory  H.  B.  Way  to  be  Colonel.— 
The  Rev.  Chas.  Medhurst,  of  Otterden-place, 
Kent,  and  Ledstone  Hall,  co.  York.  Vicar  of 
Ledsham,  grandson  of  Thomas  Medhurst,  of 
Kippax  Hall,  esq.  by  Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  Granville  Wheler,  of  Otterden-place, 
in  memory  of  his  cousin,  Granville  Hastings 
Wheler,  late  of  Otterden-place  and  Ledstone 
Hall,  esq.  to  take  the  name  of  Wheler.  in  lieu 
of  Medhurst,  and  bear  the  arms  of  Wneler  in 
the  first  quarter. 

Naval  Promotions. 

iPromo^tott^.— Lieutenants,  E.  Crouch  (1841), 
for  services  in  CHiina,  and  severe  wounds ; 
and  J.  Lort  Stokes  (1837),  for  survey  of  New 
Holland,  in  the  Beagle,  to  the  rank  of  Com- 
mander.—George  Granville,  retired. 

Awointments. — Qipt.  N.  Lockyer,  C.B.  to  the 
Albion,  a  new  90-gun  ship.— Capt.  G.  Talbot 
to  the  Vestal.— Capt.  Lord  Ingestrie,  to  the 
Meander,  44,  new  frigate  at  Chatlnm.— Com- 
manders, Sir  Comwallis  Ricketts,  Bart,  to 
the  Helena ;  Robert  Wilcox  (30  years  sailing- 
master  of  the  late  Duke  of  Buckingham's 
yacht),  to  the  Victory.— Thos.  Lewis  Gooch, 
to  the  Sealark.— John  James  Robinson,  to 
the  CJaledonia. 


Members  returned  to  serve  in  Parliament. 

Kendal.— Henry  Warburton,  esq. 
StUiebtery,— John  Henry  Campbell,  esq. 

Ecclesiastical  Preferments. 

Rev.  John  Lonsdale,  B.  D.  to  be  Bishop  of 

Lichfield. 
Rt.  Rev.  A.  G.  Spencer  (Bp.  of  Newfoundland) 

to  be  Bishop  of  Jamaica. 
Rev.  T.  Williams,  to  the  Archdeaconry  of 

Llandaff. 
Rev.  J.  M'CameronTrew,  to  the  Archdeaconry 

of  the  Bahamas. 
Rev.  J.  0)ker,  to  be  Preb.  of  Lincoln. 
Rev.  T.  HoUway,  to  be  Preb.  of  Lincoln. 
Rev.  H.  Hardimr,  to  be  Precentor  of  Lichfield* 
Rev.  H.  Allen,  Patcham  V.  Sussex. 
Rev.  W.  H.  Bateson,  Madingley  V.  Camb. 
Rev.  D.  B.  Bevan,  Barton  Litimer  R.  North- 

mnptonshire. 


646 


Preferments, — Births. 


[Dec. 


Rev.  G.  Beresford,  Hoby  with  Rotherby  R. 

I>eiccstcr-s}iire  • 
Rev.  J.  W.  Brooks,  Ht.  Mary's  V.  Notts. 
Rev.  R.  W.  Collett,  Normanton  R.  Line. 
Rev.  A.  Dene,  St.  Athan's  R.  Glainorg^anshire. 
Rev.  C.  H.  Dundas,  Epworth  R.  Line. 
Rev.  T.  T.  Eager,  Portwood  P.  C.  Cheshire. 
Rev.  E.  T.  Evans,  Llanrwst  P.  C  Denb. 
Rev.  B.  Hallowes,  St.  David's  P.C.  Denb. 
Rev.  C.  Hill,  St.  Katharine  P.C.  Burton-upon- 

Irwell,  Lancashire. 
Rev.  T.  Hope,  Hatton  P.  C.  Warw. 
Rev.  E.  D.  Jackson,  Heaton  Norris  P.C.  Lane. 
Rev.  E.  L.  C.  Jones,  Llangerniew  R.  Denb. 
Rev.  R.  B.  P.  Kidd,  Potter  Heigham  V.  Norf. 
Rev.  W.  King,  Batley Carr  PC.  York. 
Rev.  J.  S.  M.  Kyrle,  Yatesbury  R.  Wilts. 
Rev.  T.  Littlehales,  Shering  R.  Essex. 
Rev.  8.  J.  L  Lockhart,  Hurstborne  Prior  V. 

with  St.  Mary-Bourne,  Hants. 
Rev.  T.  H.  Lowe,  Colyton  Rawleigh  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  R.  F.  Meredith,  Halstock  P.  C.  Som. 
Rev.  J.  L.  Noot,  St.  James's  P.  C.  Dudley. 
Rev.  E.  Parker,  Great  Oxendon  R.  N'jp'ush. 
Rev.  H.  Pearson,  Prestbury  Norton  v.  Chesh. 
Rev.  R.  Pughe,  Meliden  P.  C.  Flintshire. 
Rev.  C.  Ryle,  St.  Thomas  with  St.  Clement's 

R.  Winchester. 
Rev.  F.  C.  Steele,  Caerwent  V.  Monmouthsh. 
Rev.  W.   H.  Strong,  St.  George's,  Chorley, 

P.  C.  Lancashire. 
Rev.  T.  Tate,  Edmonton  V.  Middlesex. 
Rev.  W.  Twyne,  Rayleigh  R.  Essex. 
Rev.  C.  J.  Way,  St.  George's  in  the  East  R. 

Jamaica. 
Rev.  T.  Werner,  Trinity  Church  P.C.  Swansea, 
Rev.  W.  Whall,  Little  Gidding  R.  Hunts. 
Rev.  J.  P.  Whalley,  lllington  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  L.  Williams,  Matherne  R.  Monm. 
Rev.  P.  W.  Yorke,  Hawkeswell  R.  Essex. 


Chaplains. 

Rev.  H.  Boyce,  to  the  dowager  Lady  De  Clif- 
ford. 

Rev.  H.  Harrison,  to  Viscount  Beresford. 

Rev.  J.  H.  Rankin,  to  Her  Majesty's  settle- 
ments in  the  Gambia. 


Civil  Preferments. 

Rev.  James  Robertson,  of  Ellon,  co.  Aberdeen, 
to  be  Professor  of  Church  History  at  Edin- 
burgh, and  Secretary  to  Her  Majesty's 
printers  at  Scotland. 

E.  H.  Gifford,  Esq.  B.A.  to  be  Second  Master 
of  the  Free  Grammar  School,  Shrewsbury. 

Rev.  C.  Thompson,  M.A.  to  be  Head  Master 
of  the  Free  Grammar  School,  North  W^al- 
sham,  Norfolk. 

BIRTHS. 

Sept.  5.  The  wife  of  E.  B.  Hartopp,  esq. 
Dalby  House,  Leicestersh.  a  dau. 

Oct.  17.    At  Hurst,  Sussex,  the  wife  of  Allan 

Maclean  Skinner,  esq.  a  dau. 24.  The  wife 

of  George  Roch,  e.sq.  of  Butler-hill,  Pembroke- 
shire, a  son  and  heir. 29.  At  Carabo  House, 

Fifesh.  N.  B.  the  wife  of  Capt.   Feilden,  late 

17th  Lancers,  a  dau. At  Cheltenham,  the 

lady  of  Sir  Cecil  A.  Bisshopp,  Bart,  a  son. 

At  Trelaske,  the  wife  of  Edward  Archer,  esq. 

a  dau. At  the  rectory,  Solihull,  the  wife  of 

the  Rev.  Archer  Clive,  esq.  a  dau. 30.  At 

Bath,  the  wife  of  Spencer  Northcote,  esq.  a 
dau. 

Lately.    In  Dublin,  Viscountess  Bangor,  a 

dau. At  Radbome  Hall,  Mrs.  Chandos 

Pole,  a  dau. In  Scotland,  Lady  Clementina 

Rait,  a  dau. At  Boulogne,  the  wife  of  Sir 

Rob.  Murray,  Bart,  a  dau. In  Edinburgh, 

the  Hon.  Mrs.  Primrose,  a  son.  — At  Southam 
House,  near  Cheltenham,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  H. 


S.  Law,  a  son. At  Ipswich,  the  wife  of  Capt. 

Lethbridge,  R.  A.  a  dau. At  Lansdowne 

House,  Cheltenham,  the   wife  of  Major-Gen. 

Podmore,  a  dau. At  Bath,  Mrs.  Frances 

Fitzroy,  a  dau. In  Oxford-terr.  Hyde-park, 

the  wife  of  John   Buller,  esq.  a  dau. At 

Scruton  Hall,   Y^orksh.  the    wife  of  Henry 
Coore,  esq.  a  dau. 
Nov.  3.    At  Crakehall,  the  wife  of  Henry 

Constable     Maxwell,   esq.   a  dau. 4.   At 

Hampton  Court,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Evans,  a  dau. 

6.  At  Lockington,  Leicestersh.  the  wife  of 

J.  B.  Story,  esq.  a  son. 7.  In  Berkeley -sq. 

Viscountess  Villiers,  a  dau. 8.  The  wife  of 

Capt.  Vernon,  Coldstream  Guards,  a  son. 

At  Dyrham-park,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Trotter,  a 
son. 9.  At  Burghley  House,  the  Marchio- 
ness of  Exeter,  a  dau. At  Manchester,  the 

wife  of  Capt.  Edward  Pole,  I2th  Lancers,  a 

son. 10.  At  Cheltenham,  the  wife  of  John 

de  Courcy  Dashwood,  esq.  a  son. In  Port- 
man-street,  the  wife  of  Col.  Knollys,  Fus. 

Guards,  a  dau. 11.  At  Heavitree,  the  wife 

of  Major  Semple,  a  son. At   Boulogne  sur 

Mer,  the  wife  of  Charles  Fitzgerald  Higgins, 
esq.  a  son  and  heir. 13.  In  Gt.  Cumberland- 
place,  Hyde-park',  the  wife  of  Henry  Thorold, 

esq.  of  Cuxwold.  co.  Line,  a  son. 14.  At 

Sparkford,  the  wife  of  Samuel  Gifford,  esq.  a 

son  and  heir. 19.  In  Chesham  Place,  the 

Countess  of  Arundel  and  Surrey,  a  dau. 

25.  In  Harley-place,  the  wife  of  Arthur  Wm. 
Tooke,  esq.  a  son. 


MARRIAGES. 

Mav  17'  At  Van  Diemen's  Land,  the  Rev. 
AIft*ed  Stackhouse,  A.M.,  Chaplain,  Perth,  to 
Ellen,  second  dau.  of  Thomas  Archer,  esq. 
M.L.C.  Woolmers. 

Julv  10.  At  Vizagapatam,  Lieut.  George  F. 
Luard,  37th  Grenadiers,  to  Jane,  third  dau. 
of  Lieut.  Hamilton,  Commissary  of  Ordnance. 

Sept.  9.  At  Ban^lore,  East  Indies,  George 
Arthur  Ede,  esq.  15th  Hussars,  of  Merry-date, 
Hants.,  to  Catherine- Mary-Thalia,  second  dau. 
of  Lieut.  Col.  St.  John  Grant,  18th  Madras  N.I. 

Sept.  10.  At  Bishop's  College,  Calcutta,  the 
Rev.  Arthur  W.  Waliis,  B.A.,  late  Boden 
Sanscrit  Scholar  in  the  University  of  Oxford, 
and  formerly  of  Sidmouth,  to  Eliza,  eldest  dau. 
of  Wm.  Wootton,  esq.  M.R.C.S.,  late  of  Black- 
heath,  and  formerly  of  Brook-st.  Grosvenor- 
sq.  and  granddau.  of  the  late  Hon.  James 
Tracey,  of  Londwood-park,  Ireland. 

Sept.  21.  At  James  Town,  St.  Helena,  Henry 
Mapleton,  esq.  R.N.  eldest  surviving  son  of 
the  late  Capt.  W.  D.  Mapleton,  15th  Regt.  to 
Mary-Trent,  only  dau.  of  W.  H.  Seale,  esq. 
Colonial  Secretary  of  that  island. 

Sept.  26.  At  York  Mills,  Canada,  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Marsh  Bartlett,  M.A.  officiating  chap- 
Iain  to  the  forces  at  Kingston,  to  Sarah -Baillie, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.  Col.  Duncan 
Cameron,  C.B. 

Sept.  28.  At  Clifton,  Thomas  Bromgore, 
esq.  of  Youghal,  to  Penelope- Harriet,  third 
dan.  of  the  late    Robert   Bell  Price,  esq.  of 

Bitterley,  Salop. ^At  Puddletown,  Dorset, 

the  Rev.  George  L.  Langdon,  of  Antswick, 
near  Settle,  Yorksh.  to  Elizabeth- Antram, 
eldest   dau.  of   Robert  Reeks,   esq.  of  the 

former  place. At  Luton,  co.  Bed.  George 

Hathorn,  esq.  Capt.  R.N.  to  Mary-Isabella, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  William  M'Douall, 
Vicar  of  Luton,  and  nephew  of  the  late  Earl  of 

Dumfries. In  Dublin,  Thomas  Cahill,  esq. 

M.D.  of  Brompton,  to  Ellen,  eldest  dau.  of 

John  Doyl^  esq.  of  Dublin. At  Ockley, 

Surrey,  the  Right  Hon.  Lord  Abinger,  to  Eliza- 
beth, relict  oAhe  Rev.  H.  J.  Ridley,  and  dau. 
of  the  late  Lee  Steere  Steere,  esq.  of  Jayes. 

At  Paddington,  William  Marris,  of  Gray  »s- 

inn,  esq.  to  Mary-Ann,  second  dau.  of  Thomas 


1843.] 


Maf*riages, 


647 


Acocks,  esq.  of  Sussex-gardens,  Hyde-park, 

George  Relph  Greenhow,  esq.  to  Anne, 

youngest  dau.  of  the  late  John  Todhunter, 

esq.  of  Brighton. At  St.    Marylebone, 

the  Rev.  William  Hayes,  of  King's  coll.  to 
Marion,  widow  of  Charles  G.  Kett,  esq.  Royal 

Art. At  Marylebone,  Charles  Williams, 

esq.  of  Ciiester-ter.  llegent's-park,  to  Mrs. 
Hawley,  widow  of  Charles  Hawley,  esq.  of 
Park-sq. 

tSept.  30.  At  Bath,  Joseph  Timmins,  esq. 
eldest  son  of  A.  Timmins,  esq.  of  Llan  House, 
Carraarthensh.  to  Elizabeth-Margaretta,  dau. 
of  the  late  Rev.  Rev.  James  Buckley,  of  Kil- 

vig  House,  Llanelly. At  Edinburgh,  the 

Rev.  David  Hogarth,  Rector  of  the  Isle  of  Fort- 
land,  to  Jane- Barclay,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
James  Ballantyne,  esq.  printer,  Edinburgh.^ 

Lately.  At  Widley,  J.  Crawford  Caffin,  esq. 
Comm.  R.N.  to  Fanny-Brouncker,  youngest 
dau.  of  William  Atfield,  esq.of  Cosham  House, 

Hants. At  St.  James's,  George-William 

Butland,  esq.  to  Louisa,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late 
William  George  Scarlett,  esq.  of  Brompton. 

Oct.  3.  At  Tunbridge  Wells,  the  Rev.  John 
L.  F.  Russell,  of  Eversden,  Camb.to  Elizabeth, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  Joseph  King,  esq.  of 

Clapham. At  Slough,  the  Rev.  Edw.  W.  Mil- 

ner.  Officiating  Chaplain  to  the  garrison  of 
Portsmouth,  to  Emily-Mundell,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  Rev.  Charles  Champnes,  Vicar  of  Lang- 
ley. At  Houghton,  Hunts,  the  Rev.  Frede- 
rick James  Parsons,  Vicar  of  Selborne,Hampsh. 
to  Elizabeth,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Hora- 
tio Martelli,  esq. At  Christ  church,  Mary- 
lebone, Henry  Edmonds  Norris,  esq.  eldest 
son  of  Henry  Norris,  esq.  of  South  Pether- 
ton,  Somersetsh.  to  Mary-Anna-Revett,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Revet t  Sheppard,  Rector 

of  Thwaite,  Suffolk. At  Waterford,  the  Rev. 

John  H.  Stephenson,  Rector  of  Corringham, 
Essex,  to  Mary  youngest  dau.  of  the  Very  Rev. 
the  Dean  of  Waterford. At  Sutton  St.  Mi- 
chael's, Edward  Wakefield,  esq.  of  Garvaghy, 
CO.  Down,  to  Mary-Jane,  eldest  dau.  of  Henry 

Unett,  esq.  of  Freens  Court,  Herefordsh. 

At  Aylsham,  Norfolk,  Charles  Henry  Perry, 
esq.  to  Elizabeth,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
James  Stoughton,  late  ]^ctor  of  Sparham  and 
Foxley. At  Winkfield,  Berks,  Robert  Wil- 
liam Cumberbatch,  esq.  second  son  of  the 
late  Abraham  Parry  Cumberbatch,  esq.  of 
the  Broads,  Sussex,   to  Ellen,  dau.  of  the 

late  Edmund  Lloyd,  esq. Thomas  Legh, 

esq.  of  Lyme  Park,  Cheshire,  to  Maud, 
fourth  dau.  of  G.  Lowther,  esq.  of  Hamp- 
ton Hall,  Somersetshire. At  St.  Mary's, 

Bryan.ston-sq.  the  Rev.  E.  S.  Stanley,  grand- 
son of  the  late  Sir  Edmond  Stanley,  of  Rich- 
mond, Surrey,  to  Annie,  third  dau.  of  Robert 

Hand,  esq.  of  Great  Cumberland-pl. At 

Gateshead,  the  Rev.  D.  Akenhead,  of  Sunder- 
land, to  Mary,  third  dau.  of  Edmund  Graham, 
esu.  of  Cotfield  House,  Gateshead. 

Oct.  4.  At  Woodford,  Essex,  Frederick 
Cripps,  esq.  of  Cirencester,  to  Beatrice,  dau. 
of  the  late  Daniel  Mildred,  esq. At  Trent- 
ham,  Lord  Blantyre,  to  Lady  Evelyn  Leveson 
Gower,  second  dau.  of  the  Duke  of  Suther- 
land.  At  Annan,  Tliomas  Salkeld,  esq.  of 

Holm  Hill,  Cumberland,  to  Mary,  third  dau. 
of  Alexander  Carruthers,  esq.  of  Warmanbie. 

Dumfriessh. At  Penrith,  Pentyre  Anderson 

Monshed,  esq.  Royal  Art.  to  Charlotte,  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  Lieut. -Col.  Story,  Royal 

Art. At  Tynemouthy  William  Baiubridge, 

esq.  of  Newcastle,  Barnster-at-Law,  to  Mary, 
second  dau.  of  Thomas  Chater,  esq.  Solicitor. 
At  Battle^  Willi.im  Bennett  Freeland.  esq.  to 
Mrs.  Bellmgham,  widow  of  T.  C.  Bellingham, 
es(i.  and  only  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  ^rten, 
es(i.  of  Battle  and  Carter's  Corner,  Sussex. 

Oct.  5.  At  St.  George's,  Uanover-sq.  William 


Grattan,esq.  of  New  Abbey,  Kildare,to  Louisa' 
Marianne-Fi^e,  second  dau.  of  James  Pater- 
son,  esq.  of  Brompton-row. At  Titchfield, 

Hants,  Benjamin  Wickham,  esq.  R.N.  to  Mar- 

faret-Anne,  eldest  dau. of  the  late  Capt. Robert 
[eriot  Barclay,  R.N. At  Lufton,  Som.  John 

Gooden,  esq.of  Over  Compton,  Dorset,to  Anne, 
only  child  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Phelips,  rector 
of  Yeovil.— —At  Manchester,  Laurence,  only 
son  of  Ormerod  Heyworth,  esq.  of  Everton, 
Livei*pool,  to  Susan,  eldest  dau.  of  George  Had- 
field,  esq.  of  Victoria  Park,  Rusholme,  near 

Manchester. At  Gosforth,  Cumberland, 

Capt.  John  Chas.  Pitman,  R.N.  third  son  of 
Major  Pitman,  of  Dunchideock  House,  Devon, 
to  Elizabeth-Manley,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Capt.Sir  H.Le  Fleming  Senhouse,  R.N.  K.C.H. 

At  St.  Pancras,  John  Charles  Langmore, 

M.B.  of  Upper  George-st.  Portman-sq.  second 
son  of  Dr.  Langmore,  of  Finsbury-sq.  to  Ara- 
bella-Rosh.  only  dau.  of  the  late  John  Pember- 
ton,  esq.  or  Hertford. 

Oct.  6.  At  Harbledown,  near  Canterbury, 
Arthur  Cruwys  Sharland,  esq.  of  Tiverton, 
Devon,  solicitor,  to  Julia-Boteler,  second  sur- 
viving dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  Stephen 
Hodges,  Rector  of  Little  Waltham,  Essex. 

Oct.  7.  At  St.George's,  Hanover-sq.  the  Rev. 
Robert  Montgomery,  M.A.  Minister  of  Percy 
Chapel,  to  Rachel-Catharine  Andrews,  dau.  of 
the  late  Alexander  Douglas  M'Kenzie.  esq. 
niece  of  the  late  Sir  Kenneth  Douglas,  Bart. 

At  King's  Sutton,  Northamptonsh.  Wm. 

K.  Malins,  esq.  of  Brackley,  to  Lucy- Weston, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  R.  W.  Leonard,  Vicar 
of  King's  Sutton. 

Oct.  9.  At  St.  George's,  Bloomsbury,  Mon-" 
tague  Ormsby  Cooper,  esq.  son  of  Col.  Leo- 
nard Cooper,  of  Halliford,  Middlesex,  to  Eliza- 
beth,  dau.  of  the  late  Athenry  Whyte,  esq. 

Oct.  10.  At  St.  James's,  Piccadilly,  Major 
Anderson,  of  Hainault  Hall,  Essex,  to  Eliza- 
Catharine,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  David 
Dick,  esq.  of  Glenshiel,  N.B.  and  Amroth 
Castle,  Pembrokeshire. At  St.  Maryle- 
bone, .George  Philip  Lee,  esq.  of  Bryanston- 
sq.  voungest  son  of  the  late  Edward  Lee,  esq. 
to  Charlotte,  third  dau.  of  the  late  John  Ede, 

esq.  of  Upper  Harley-st. At  Hampton,  Col. 

Milner,  of  Mickleham,  to  Mary-Jane,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Richard  Moore,  es^.  of  Hamp- 
ton Court  Palace. At  St.  Martm's-in-the« 

Fields,  Thomas,  only  son  of  Thomas  Barton, 
esq.  of  Buckingham-st.  Adelphi,  to  Marianne, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Dr.  Grimstone,  of 

Ealing. At  Brighton,  William  Casterton, 

esq.  of  Manor  House,  Chelsea,  to  Ann,  relict 
of  John  Allen  Cooper,  esq.  formerly  of  Cumber- 
well  Park,  Wilts. At  St.  Mary,  Somerset, 

the  Rev.  John  Kenning  Fowler,  B.A.  late  of 
Queen's  coll.  Cam.  to  Sarah,  youngest  dau.  of 
the  late  R.  Atkinson,  esq.  of  Shacklewell.— — 
At  Donhead  St.  Andrew,  Wilts,  the  Rev.  C.  T. 
Wilson,  M.A.  son  of  H.  H.  Wilson,  esq.  Boden 
Prof,  of  Sanscrit  in  the  University  of  Oxford, 
to  Rose-Ann,  eldest  dau.  of  the  ^v.  W.  Dan- 
sey,  Rector  of  Donhead  St.  Andrew,  and  Pre- 
bendary of  Salisbury. At  East  Horndou, 

Essex,  Philip  Benton,  esq.  of  Beauchamps, 
Shopland,  to  Eliza,  second  dau.  of  Joseph 
Squier,  esq. 

Oct.  1 1 .  At  Wolverley,Worcestersh.Wm.  John 
Slade  Foster,  esq.  of  Wells,  to  Sarah,  fourth 
dau.of  the  late  James  Hooman,esq.  of  Franche, 

Wore. At  Quitford,  Bridgnorth,  Lieut.-Col. 

Nicholls,  66th  regt.to  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  John  Whitley,  esq.  of  Ashton-in-Macker- 

field. Josiah  Dore  Williams,  esq.  of  Pierce 

Williams,  Hatfield  Broad  Oak,  youngest  son 
of  Thomas  Williams,  esq.  of  Cowley  Grove, 
Middlesex,  to  Sophia-Simonds,  youngest  dan. 

of  William  Smith,e8q.of  Brighton. At  Farn- 

ham,  Yorksh.  the  Rev,  Henry  Roxby  Roxby, 


648 


Marriages* 


[Dec. 


Vicir  of  St.  Olave,  Jewry,  to  Au^sta-Maria, 
yonng^t  daa.  of  Edmund  Lally,  eso.  of  Farn- 

nam. At  Wells,  James  Frederick  Lawrence, 

esq.  only  son  of  the  late  Joseph  Lawrence, 
esq.  of  Clifton,  to  Elizabeth,  youngest  dau.  of 
BenJ.  Backhouse,  esq.  of  Dulcot  and  AYells. 

Oct.  12.  At  Urchfont,  Wilts,  James,  second 
son  of  Henry  Mills,  esq.  of  Stanton  St.  Ber- 
nard, to  Rosanna,  fourth  dau.  of  Harry  Hitch- 
cock, esq.  of  Eastcott  House. At  Worthing-, 

James  Blatch,  esq.  of  Southampton,  to  Eliza, 

only  dau.  of  John  Groater,  esq. At  Hadlow 

Down,  Sussex,Thomas  Huggins,  esq.of  Swans- 
combe,  Kent,  to  Frances-RowseU,  niece  of  Ben- 
jamin Hall,  esq.  of  Buxted  Lodge,  Sussex. 

At  Betch worth,  Surrey,  Edward  Maltby,  esq. 
Madras  Civil  Serv.  to  Jane- Maria,  eldest  dau. 
of  Lieut.-Col.Pennycuick,C.B.  K.H.  17th  regt. 
^At  Islington,  J.C.  Thompson,  esq.  of  Lon- 
don, merchant,  to  Mar>',  only  dau.  of  the  late 
John  Stockdale,  esq.  of  Holme-lodge,  near 

Ripon. At  Guernsey,  Darius  Ck>fiela,  esq. 

son  of  the  late  Capt.  l^rancis  Cofield,  R.N.  of 
Blackheath,  Kent,  to  Cecilia-Jane,  only  dau. 
of  the  late  David  Poole,  esq.  of  Bertram,  York. 
At  Lancaster,  Robert  Andrews  Hibbert,  of 
West  Breightmet-hill  and  Bolton-le-Moors, 
esq.  third  surviving  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Na- 
thaniel Hibbert,  of  Kivington,  to  Maria,  eldest 
of  the  three  coheiresses  of  the  late  Thomas 
Cunliife,  M.D.  of  Preston. 

14.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  Samuel 
Clayton,  esq.  of  Ryde.  Lsle  of  Wight,  to  Anna, 
dau.  of  William  Nicholl,  M.D.  of  the  same 
place. 

17.  At  Kingston,  near  Canterbury,  Ro- 
bert Deane  Parker,  esq.  Civil  Serv.  Madras, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Deane  John  Parker,  esq. 
of  St.  Stephen's,  near  Canterbury,  to  Mary- 
Lucy,  third  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Bart- 

Ictt. At  Clifton,  Robert  Robertson  Bruce, 

esq.  Bengal,  Bart,  to  Eliza,  youngest  dau.  of 

Major-Gen.  Faunce,  C.  B. At  Magorban, 

Tipperary,  John  Burnet,  esq.  half  pay  52d 
Regt.  of  Cookestown  House,  Kilkenny,  to 
Helena,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Maunsell, 

cousin-german  of  the  Earl  of  Bantry. At 

Bath,  the  Rev.  Cornwall  Smalley,  jun.  M.A., 
Curate  of  Brailes,  Warw.  to  Eleanor,  eldest 

dau.  of  Edward  Smalley,  esq.  of  Bath. At 

Lyonshall,  Herefordshire,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Robert  Lloyd,  M.  A.,  Vicar  of  Carew,  Pemb., 
and  second  son  of  J.  W.  Lloyd,  esq.  of  Danyr- 
allt,  to  Harriet,  dau.  of  the  Hon.  and  Right 
Rev.  Edward,  late  Lord  Bishop  of  Hereford, 
and  niece  of  Earl  Grey. 

18.  At  Doncaster,  William  Backhouse,  jun. 
esq.  banker.  Darlington,  to  Catharine,  eldest 
dau.  of  William  Aldam,  esq.  of  Warmsworth. 

At  All  Souls',   Maryleoone,    Rear-Adm. 

Hawker,  of  Ashford  Lodge,  Hampshire,  to 
Lady  Williams,  of  Cavendish-sq. At  Wad- 
worth,  James  Clarke  Ross,  Capt.  R.N.to  Ann, 
eldest  dau.  of  Thomas  Coulman,  esq.  of  Whit- 
gift-hall,  Yorksh.  (Capt.  Ross  was  attended 
by  his  gallant  friends  and  companions  of  seve- 
ral of  his  Arctic  and  Antartic  voyag-es.) 

19.  At  East  Barnet,  the  Rev.  S.  Haugbton 
Sherard,  of  Downham,  Lancashire,  to  Mary- 
Halton,   eldest  dau.  of  the  late   Sir    Simon 

Haughton  Clarke,  Bart.of  Oakhill.  Herts. 

At  Burton  Agnes,  John  Rickaby,  esq.  of 
Bridlington    Quay,   to    Louisa,  dau.  of   Sir 

Henry  Boynton,  Bart,  of  Burton  Agnes 

At  St.  George  the  Martyr,  Queen-sq.,  Charles 
Bonython  Borlase,  esq.  of  Penzance,  to  Eliza- 
beth-Emma, only  dau.  of  Wm.  Holmes,  esq. 
of  Great  James-street,  Bedford-row,  and  of 

Horsham,  Surrey. At  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia, 

William  Leigh  Mellish,  esq.  Capt.  Rifle  Bri- 
nide,  and  eldest  son  of  the  late  Very  Rev. 
Edward  Mellish,  Dean  of  Hereford,  to  Marga- 
garet-Aon,  second  dau.  of  the  Hon.  Samuel 

11 


Cunard,  of  Halifax. At  Pembroke,  M.  T. 

Coleman,  eso.  of  Hampton-wick,  surgeon, 
son  of  M.  L.  Coleman,  esq.  of  North  Brixton, 
to  Mary-Caroline,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
ThoBias  Owen,  M.A.  Rector  of  Hodgeston  and 

Vicar  of  Llanstadwell,  Pemb. At  Hessle, 

William  Walker,  esq.  West  Field  House,  Pres- 
ton, to  Jane,  eldest  dau.  of  William  Watson, 
esq.  West  Ella  Grange. 

20.  At  Kennington,  John  Dickinson,  esq. 
of  Brixton,  to  Maria  Hawkes,  of  Norwood, 
only  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  Hawkes, 

R.  N. At    Clifton,  Capt.    R.  T.  Bytheaea 

Mortimer,  Royal  North  British  Fusihers,  to 
Catherine-Helen,  third  dau. :  and  at  the  same 
time  and  place,  J.  Baskerville  Mortimer,  esq. 
34th  Madras  light  Inf.  H.  E.  1.  C.  B.,  to  Susan- 
Rodon,  youngest  dau.  of  Charies  Payne,  esq. 

of  Clifton. ^At  Dover,  the  Hon.  Henry 

Graves,  to  Miss  Henrietta  Wellesley. ^At 

Southampton,  the  Rev.  Geo.  Ayscong^h  Booth, 
of  Bradenham,  Norfolk,  to  Anna-Mana  Godol- 
phin,  eldest  dau.  of  Rejetr-Adm.  Ayscough. 

23.  At  St.  Marylebone.  James  Ewing,  esq. 
of  Park-cres.  Portland-pl.  to  Louisa,  dau.  of 

the  late  M.  Dick,  esq.  of  Richmond-hill. 

At  Clayworth,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Bolton,  B. A . 
Curate  of  Bawtry,  to  Caroline,  eldest  dan.  of 
William  Chowler,  esq.  of  Wiseton. 

24.  At  Bath,  the  Rev.  S.  C  Malan,  Curate 
of  Alverstoke,  Hants,  to  Carollne-Selina, 
second  dau.  of  the  Rev.  C.  M.  Mount,  Preb. 

of  Wells  Cathedral. At  Llandaff,  Richard 

Bassett,  esq.  of  Bonvilstone,  Glamoi^ansh. 
to  Ann-Maria,  youngest  dau.  of  John  Hom- 

fray,  esq.  of  LJandflmT  House. At    North 

Stoneham,  Hants,  George  Robert  G.  Ricketts, 
esq.  of  Woodside,  North  Stoneham,  to  Mary- 
Anne-Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Fred. 

Beadon,  Canon  of  Wells. ^At  St.   Neot's, 

Charles  Veasey,  jun.  esq.  of  Huntingdon,  to 
Catharine,  younger  dau.  of  John  uiU  Day, 

esq.  Priory,  St.  Neot's. At  York,  Mr.  John 

Pennington,  of  Camberwell,  to  Ellen,  dan.  of 
Charles  Alflred  Thistleton,  esq.  D^uty-Iient. 
for  Middlesex  and  Westminster. 

25.  At  East  Grinstead,  the  Rev.  William 
Edward  Allfi'ee,  only  son  of  William  Allfree, 
esq.  of  Ilford,  to  Elizabeth,  eldest  dan.  of 
Henry   Hopkins,    esq.  of  Ashurst    Lodge, 

Sussex. At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.  wie 

Right  Hon.  Edward  Elhce,  M.P.  for  Coventry, 
to  Anne,  dowager  Countess  of  Leicester, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Earl  of  Albemarle. 

26.  At  Shoreditch,  the  Rev.  E.  T.  BideweU, 
Rector  of  Orcheston  St.  Mary,  Wilts,  to  Fre- 
derica-Emma-Laura-Spencer,  second  dan  of 
the  late  Rev.  F.  H.  Carrington,  B.A.  Rector  of 

St.    John's,   Newfoundland. ^At    litchbo- 

rough,  the  Rev.  Samuel  Smith,  Vicar  of  Lois 
Weedon,  Northamptonsh.  to  Anne,  dan.  of 
the  late  Edward  Grant,  esq.  of  Litchborongh. 
At  St.  James's,  Clerkenwell,  James-Wil- 
liam, eldest  son  of  James  English,  esq.  to 
Emily,  third  dan.  of  the  late  Louis  WelQe, 

esq.  of  the  Mall,  Hammersmith. ^At  fiow- 

ness,  Cumberland.  Leopold  Von  Ranke,  Pro- 
fessor of  History  in  the  University  of  Berlin, 
to  Helena-Clarissa,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  J. 
C.  Graves,  esq.  of  Dublin,  Barrister-at-Law. 

30.  At  Plymouth,  Caleb  Trotter,  esq.  of 
Gloucester,  to  Amelia,  youngest  dau.  of  J.  N. 
Tanner,  esq.  of  Sherweil  House. 

Nov.  16.  At  the  Catholic  Chapel,  Spanish 
Place,  by  the  Right  Rev.  Dr.  Griffiths,  Bishop 
of  Olena,  and  Vicar  Apostolic  of  the  London 
District,  Philip  Henry  Howard,  esq.  of  Corby 
Castle,  M.  P.  for  Carfisle,  to  Miss  Eliza  Minto 
Canning,  of  Foxcote,  in  the  county  of  Warw., 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Major  John  Canning, 
£.  I.  C.  S.;  for  some  time  political  agent  at 
Rangoon,  in  Aya* 


449 


OBITUARY. 


The  Bishop  of  Lichfield. 

Oct.  11.  At  Clifton,  near  Bristolf  in 
his  4<2d  year,  after  a  long  and  painful  ill- 
ness,  the  Rip;ht  Reverend  James  Bow- 
stead,  D.D.  Lord  Bishop  of  Lichfield. 

His  Lordship  was  son  of  Mr.  Joseph 
Bowstead,  and  was  born  in  the  village  of 
Great  Salkeld,  in  the  county  of  Cumber- 
land, on  the  1st  of  May,  1801.  He  re- 
ceived his  early  education  at  the  Grammar 
School  at  Bampton,  in  the  county  of 
Westmoreland,  under  the  tuition  of  his 
uncle,  the  Rev.  John  Bowstcad,  B.D.  to 
whom,  shortly  before  his  death,  at  the 
advanced  age  of  87,  he  had  the  gratifica- 
tion of  presenting  an  honorary  Prebendal 
Stall  in  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Lich- 
field. He  was  removed  from  the  school 
at  Bampton  in  1819,  and  was  placed  under 
the  able  tuition  of  his  cousin,  the  Rev. 
T.  S.  Bowstead,  at  that  time  Minister  of 
St.  Philip's  Church  in  Liverpool,  and 
now,  through  the  patronage  of  the  Bishop, 
Vicar  of  Tarvin,  and  Prebendary  of 
Lichfield.  In  1820  his  Lordship  entered 
at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  and 
removed  from  thence  in  the  following 
year  to  Corpus  Christi.  He  graduated  in 
1824,  being  Second  Wrangler,  and  taking 
also  the  second  Smith's  prize.  He  was 
immediately  elected  Fellow,  and  soon  af- 
terwards became  Tutor  of  his  College. 
To  his  active  duties  in  this  office,  he 
added  those  of  a  parish  priest  in  the  ad- 
joining  village  of  Grantchester,  of  which 
for  a  considerable  time  be  was  curate. 

In  the  year  1834,  on  the  elevation  of 
Dr.  Allen  to  the  see  of  Bristol,  Mr. 
Buwstead  was  appointed  his  Lordship's 
Examining  Chaplain,  and  retained  that 
office,  in  the  diocese  of  Ely,  on  Dr. 
Allen's  translation  to  that  bishopric.  In 
1H37  the  Bishop  of  Ely  presented  Mr. 
Bowstead  to  the  rectory  of  Rettcnden,  in 
the  county  of  Essex,  which  he  retained 
only  till  July,  1838.  when,  on  the  nomi- 
nation of  Lord  Melbourne,  he  was  ele- 
vated to  the  bishopric  of  Sodor  and  Man. 
The  Isle  of  Man  was  the  scene  of  the 
Bishop's  most  active  labours,  devoted  as 
he  was  to  the  best  interests  of  his  diocese, 
and  justly  beloved  by  its  clergy  and  laity ; 
— testified  by  the  universal  regret  attend- 
ing his  removal  from  that  interesting 
sphere  of  episcopal  superintendence.  On 
the  death  of  Dr.  Samuel  Butler  in  De- 
cember, 1839,  Bishop  Bowstead  was 
translated  to  the  see  of  Lichfield,  where 
ho  immediately  entered  upon  the  import- 
ant duties  of  that  extensive  diocese,  with 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


great  zeal  and  activity,  combined  with 
such  ability  and  unaffected  kindness  of 
manner  as  at  once  secured  him  the  great 
regard  of  his  numerous  clergy. 

In  the  midst  of  his  usefulness,  it 
pleased  God  suddenly  to  visit  him  with 
severe  bodily  affliction,  which  for  the  last 
two  years  of  his  life  prevented  his  taking 
any  active  part  in  the  administration  of 
his  diocese.  The  closing  scene  of  the 
Bishop's  life  was  attended  by  severe 
suffenng,  which  was  borne  with  the 
greatest  patience  and  resignation  to  the 
Divine  will.  He  died,  in  the  expressed 
hope  of  a  joyful  resurrection,  through  the 
merits  of  that  Saviour  in  whom  alone  he 
had  long  learnt  to  repose  all  his  trust. 

I'he  late  Bishop  of  Lichfield  was  a 
man  of  great  intellectual  powers,  united 
with  the  most  persevering  industry.  The 
leading  features  of  his  character  was  hum- 
bleness of  mind,  great  simplicity  of  pur- 
pose, and  genuine  straightforwardness  in 
all  his  actions.  He  was  a  sincere  and  at- 
tached friend  of  the  Church  of  England, 
and  an  ardent  admirer  and  upholder  of 
her  great  Protestant  doctrines,  as  ratified 
and  confirmed  at  the  era  of  the  Refor- 
mation. 

The  remains  of  his  Lordship  were  re- 
moved from  Clifton,  on  Friday  the  13th 
Oct.  for  interment  at  Ecclesnall,  fol- 
lowed by  a  carriage  in  which  were  bis 
Lordship's  brother,  Joseph  Bowstead, 
esq.  barrister-at-Law,  and  the  Rev.  J. 
Garton.  They  arrived  at  Gloucester  the 
same  evening,  and  the  next  morning  they 
came  by  railway  to  Stafford,  where  they 
were  met  by  the  Rev.  W.  E.  Cold  well, 
M.A.,  Rector,  and  R.  W.  Hand,  esq., 
the  late  Bishop's  secretary.  As  the  pro- 
cession passed  through  Stafford,  the 
muffled  bells  of  the  churches  were  tolled ; 
and  the  remains  arrived  at  Ecdeshall  at 
half- past  eight  the  same  evening.  At  the 
entrance  of  the  town  the  clergy  and  the 
principal  inhabitants  had  assembled,  and 
thus  walked  before  the  hearse  through  the 
town  and  up  to  the  castle,  police  officers 
preceding  them,  carrying  torches.  On 
arrival  at  the  castle,  the  coffin  was  taken 
out  of  the  hearse  and  placed  in  the  draw- 
ing room ;  where  the  body  lay  in  state 
until  Wednesday,  the  day  of  the  funeral, 
when  the  funeral  procession  moved  from 
the  Castle  at  half-past  twelve. 

In  the  first  coach  were  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Sale  and  the  Rev.  H.  Moore;  second 
coach,  the  Rev.  H.  Calthorp  (his  Lord- 
ship's chaplain),   R.  W.  Hand,  esq.  (his 

4  O 


650       Gen.  the  Hon,  E.  Finch. — Rear^Adm.  Sir  James  Hillyar.     [Dec. 


Lordship's  secretary),  the  Rev.  J.  Garton, 
the  Rev.  G.  Fisk,  and  the  Rev.  J.  Brown ; 
third  coach,  the  Rev.  W.  E.  Cold  well, 
the  Rev.  C.  Leigh,  the  Rev.  T.  D.  At- 
kinson, Archdeacon  Hodsoii,  the  Rev.  H. 
D.  Broughton,  and  the  Rev.  E.  Whitby; 
fourth  coach,  W.  Bowstead,  esq.,  — 
Wilson,  esq.,  the  Rev.  John  Bowstead, 
John  Bowstead,  esq.,  Joseph  Bowstead, 
esq.,  and  the  Rev.  T.  S.  Bowstead.  At 
the  church  gate  the  procession  was  re- 
ceived by  a  large  body  of  the  neighbouring 
clergy,  in  their  canonicals.  The  body  was 
lowered  into  the  vault  in  the  chancel. 


Gen.  the  Hon.  Edward  Finch. 

Oct.  27.  Aged  87,  the  Hon.  Edward 
Finch,  a  General  in  the  army,  Colonel  of 
the  22d  Foot,  and  a  member  of  the  Con- 
solidated Board  of  General  Officers  ;  uncle 
to  the  Earl  of  Aylesford,  and  the  Earl  of 
Dartmouth. 

General  Finch  was  born  April  26, 
1756,  the  fourth  son  of  Heneage  third 
Earl  of  Aylesford,  by  Lady  Charlotte  Sey- 
mour, youngest  daughter  of  Charles  sixth 
Duke  of  Somerset.  He  entered  the  army 
as  cornet  in  the  1 1  th  Light  Dragoons,  in 
1778,  and  removed  to  the  20th,  in  1779; 
and  in  the  latter  year  was  promoted  to  a 
Lieutenancy  in  the  87th  foot.  In  Jan. 
1780,  he  went  to  the  West  Indies  ;  and  he 
served  there,  and  in  North  America,  until 
1782,  when  he  returned  to  England  and 
obtained  a  Lieutenancy,  with  the  rank  of 
Captain,  in  the  2nd  foot  guards  ;  and  3rd 
Oct.  1792,  a  company,  with  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant-Colonel.  He  served  the  cam- 
paigns  in  Flanders  with  the  brigade  of 
guards ;  was  appointed  Colonel  in  the 
army  in  1796;  and  in  1799  commanded 
the  first  battalion  of  his  regiment,  in  the 
expedition  to  the  Helder,  and  a  brigade  of 
light  cavalry,  and  afterwards  of  infantry, 
in  the  campaign  in  Egypt.  On  the  latter 
occasion  his  name  was  included  in  the 
voles  of  thanks  from  Parliament.  The 
1st  of  Jan.  1801,  he  obtained  the  rank  of 
Major- General,  and  the  18th  of  June 
following  was  appointed  1st  Major  in  his 
regiment.  In  1806,  he  commanded  the 
2nd  brigade  of  guards  at  Bremen,  and  in 
1807  in  the  expedition  to  Copenhagen. 
The  25th  April,  1808,  he  was  promoted  to 
Lieut.  -  General ;  the  3rd  Aug.  1808,  he 
was  appointed  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the 
54»th  foot,  from  which  he  was  removed, 
the  18th  Sept.  1809,  to  the  Colonelcy  of 
the  22nd  foot ;  and  the  12th  of  August, 
1819,  he  received  the  brevet  of  General. 

General  Finch  formerly  represented 
the  borough  of  Cambridge  in  Parliament. 
He  was  first  elected  on  the  11th  of 
May,  1789,  in  the  room  of  James  War- 
wood  Adeane,  esq.  and  retained  his  seat 


for  the  town  till  the  General  Election  in 
1820,  when  he  retired  in  favour  of  the 
late  Charles  Maddryl  Checre,  esq.  Ge- 
neral Finch*s  seat  was  only  once  con- 
tested,  viz.  in  1818,  when  the  nominees 
of  the  Rutland  family  were  opposed  by 
Henry  John  Adeane,  esq.  the  state  of  the 
poll  being — 

Finch  76,  Manners  76,  Adeane  56. 

Reak- Adm.  Sir  James  Hillyar, 
K.C.B. 

July  10.  At  Tor  House,  Torpoint,  in 
his  74th  year.  Sir  James  Hillyar,  K.C.B. 
K.C.H.  Rear- Admiral  of  the  White. 

This  officer  was  bom  at  Portsea  29th 
Oct  1769,  the  eldest  son  of  James  Hill- 
yar, esq.  a  surgeon  of  {the  Royal  Navy; 
his  mother,  whose  maiden  name  was 
Ommanney,  was  the  daughter  of  a  naval 
officer,  the  near  relative  of  a  family,  so 
many  individuals  of  which  have  been,  and 
are,  connected  with  the  Navy,  and  some 
of  whom  have  attained  high  rank  and 
eminence  therein.  Deprived  of  his  mother 
by  death  at  an  early  age,  'his  father  took 
him  to  sea,  almost  an  infant,  and  he  ac- 
companied him  from  ship  to  ship;  but 
his  first  absolute  entry  into  the  service 
was  early  in  1779,  in  tne  Chatham,  50,  in 
the  first  instance  commanded  b^  Sir  John 
Orde,  and  afterwards  by  Sir  A.  S. 
Douglas.  While  on  a  visit  on  shore  from 
that  ship  (it  is  believed  at  Rhode  Island) 
he  fractured  his  thigh,  and  on  his  rejoin- 
ing, after  his  recovery  from  the  accident, 
found  that,  during  his  absence,  his  father 
had  joined  another  vessel,  with  his  Cap- 
tain, and  had  gone  to  England.  Every 
provision  had,  however,  been  made  for 
the  youngster's  care,  who  at  that  eariy 
period,  as  ever  afterwards,  soon  secured 
the  regard  and  affection  of  those  around 
him,  and  in  a  marked  degree,  of  bis  new 
Captain,  Sir  A.  S.  Douglas.  In  the 
Chatham  he  served  till  the  close  of  the 
war,  in  1783;  she  proved  a  most  fortunate 
cruiser,  and  in  1780  captured,  off  Boston, 
the  French  frigate  La  Magicienne,  in 
which  action  young  Hillyar  haid  the  charge 
of  the  three  after-guns  on  the  lower  deck. 
Upwards  of  forty  other  prizes  of  different 
descriptions  were  also  made  by  her,  and 
in  this  matter  he  gave  proof  of  all  that 
considerate  and  kind  feeling  for  which,  in 
after-life,  he  was  so  conspicuous,  by 
transmitting  the  larger  portion  of  his 
prize-money  to  his  fi&ther. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  war,  the  Chat- 
ham was  paid  off;  and  Hillyar,  now 
known  as  an  active  and  useful  young 
officer,  had  no  difficulty  in  procuring  other 
ships.  His  first  ship  in  the  peace  was 
the  Proselyte,  on  the  NewJfoundland 
station  ;  and  he  afterwards  served  (prin- 


1843.] 


Obituary.— jReflf-i4(?»j.  Sir  James  Hillyar. 


651 


cipallyat  Portsmouth)  in  the  Ardent  and 
Bellona,  and  in  the  Fortune  brig,  of 
which  he  was  the  only  Lieutenant.  He 
next  joined  the  Princess  Royal,  bearing 
the  flag  of  Adm.  Hothani)  and  in  1793 
accompanied  that  officer  to  the  Mediter- 
ranean in  the  Britannia.  On  taking  pos- 
session of  Toulon  by  Lord  Hood,  he  was 
landed  at  Cape  Lepet  under  Lieut,  (after- 
wards Capt.)  Littlejohn;  and,  on  the 
party  being  recalled  on  board,  he  was  re- 
moved to  the  Victory,  Lord  Hood's  flag, 
ship,  on  promotion.  He  afterwards  volun- 
teered to  serve  at  the  batteries  at  Fort 
Mulgrave,  an  important  post,  closely  in- 
vested  bv  the  French  Revolutionary 
army,  and  which,  after  many  days'  severe 
cannonading,  was  stormed  and  carried  at 
the  point  of  the  bayonet,  on  which 
occasion  his  life  was  saved  by  his 
friend  Mr.  (now  Rear- Adm.  Sir)  J.  W. 
Loring.  In  the  attack  on  Corsica  he 
again  volunteered,  and  was  landed  with 
Lieut,  (afterwards  Adm.  Sir  John)  Gore, 
with  the  advanced  portion  of  the  army, 
and  immediately  employed  in  mount- 
ing the  first  gun  that  was  brought 
to  bear  against  the  celebrated  Martello 
Tower,  which  had  so  much  annoyed 
some  of  our  ships ;  and  in  one  of  the 
vacancies  caused  by  the  capture  of  a 
French  frigate  shortly  after,  he  was 
promoted  by  Lord  Hood  to  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant.  He  was  appointed  in  March, 
1794),  to  the  Aquilon,  and  in  that  ship  re- 
turned immediately  to  England ;  she  was 
commanded,  at  that  time,  by  the  present 
Governor  of  Greenwich  Hospital,  then 
Capt.  the  Hon.  Robert  Stopford.  Under 
this  bigbly-distinguished  officer  Lieut. 
Hillyar  served  six  years,  during,  that  is 
to  say,  the  whole  time  that  he  held  the 
rank  of  Lieutenant,  accompanying  him 
first  from  the  Aquilon  to  the  Phaeton, 
and  afterwards  from  the  latter  ship  to  the 
Excellent.  In  the  Aquilon  he  was  pre- 
sent in  Lord  Howe's  action  of  the 
1st  of  June,  1794,  she  being  on  that  day 
one  of  the  repeating  frigates.  The  Phaeton, 
then  considered  one  of  the  finest  frigates 
in  the  Service,  was  attached  to  the 
Channel  fleet,  and  chiefly  employed  as  a 
western  cruiser,  in  which  service  she  made 
several  considerable  captures.  In  June 
1799,  be  and  his  Captain  were  removed 
to  the  Excellent,  also  one  of  the  Channel 
fleet;  and  in  May  1800  he  was  made 
Commander  in  the  Niger  troop-ship ; 
the  boats  of  which  he  conducted,  on  the 
3rd  Sept.  following,  in  conjunction  with 
those  of  the  Minotaur  74,  to  the  attack 
of  two  Spanish  corvettes,  lying  in  the 
road  of  Barcelona,  and  reported  to  be 
destined  for  the  relief  of  Malta^  then 
blockaded  by  a  British  squadron,    Tbii 


exploit  was  considered  one  of  the  most 
daring  and  nobly-accomplished  of  the 
kind. 

He  was  afterwards  employed  in  a  gun- 
boat during  the  whole  of  the  campaign  in 
Egypt,  in  the  immediate  confidence  of 
Sir  Sydney  Smith ;  and,  after  the  sur- 
render of  the  Egyptian  capital,  he  suc- 
ceeded Capt.  Curry  in  the  command  of 
the  Betsey,  an  armed  djerm.  During 
the  ensuing  peace  he  conveyed  Gen. 
Oakes  and  a  number  of  recruits,  for  the 
garrison  of  Gibraltar,  from  England  to 
that  fortress.  On  the  20th  Jan.  1804, 
bis  staunch  friend,  the  immortal  Nelson, 
addressed  the  following  letter  in  bis  favour 
to  Earl  St.  Vincent,  who  at  that  period 
presided  over  our  naval  affairs. 

<'  Captain  Hillyar  is  most  truly  de- 
serving of  all  your  Lordship  can  do  for 
him,  and  in  addition  to  his  public  merits 
has  a  claim  upon  us.  At  twenty-four 
years  of  age,  when  I  made  him  a  Lieu- 
tenant for  bis  bravery,  he  maintained  his 
mother,  sisters,  and  a  brother.  For 
these  reasons  he  declined  the  Ambuscade, 
which  was  offered  him ;  because,  al- 
though he  might  thus  get  his  rank,  yet, 
if  he  were  put  upon  half-pay,  his  family 
would  be  the  sufferers.  From  all  these 
circumstances,  so  honourable  to  Captain 
Hillyar,  independent  of  his  services, 
which  every  one  thought  would  have 
obtained  him  promotion  in  the  late  war, 
1  beg  leave  to  submit,  as  an  act  of  the 
greatest  kindness,  that,  as  the  Niger  is  a 
very  fine  fast- sailing  frigate,  well  manned, 
and  in  most  excellent  condition,  she  may 
be  fitted  with  the  Madras's  32  carronades, 
which  are  not  so  heavy  as  her  present 
9-pounders,  and  that  your  Lordship 
would  recommend  her  being  considered 
as  a  post-ship.  Captain  Hillyar's  activity 
would  soon  complete  the  additional 
number  of  men,  and  she  would  be  an 
efficient  frigate.  I  will  not  venture  to 
say  more  ;  I  am  sensible  of  your  attention 
to  merit." 

In  consequence  of  this  recommendation 
the  Niger's  establishment  was  altered,  and 
Captain  Hillyar  appointed  to  command  her 
as  a  thirty-two  gun  frigate  by  commission 
dated  Feb.  29,  1804. 

On  the  11th  Dec.  in  the  same  year, 
Captain  Hillyar  arrived  at  the  Admiralty 
with  despatches  from  his  patron,  with 
whom  he  was  serving  off  Cadiz,  a  few 
days  previous  to  the  glorious  battle  which 
deprived  the  country  of  her  great  naval 
hero.  On  the  2nd  May,  1806,  Capt.  H. 
captured  a  Spanish  schooner  bound  to  La 
Guira  with  despatches ;  and  at  the  latter 
end  of  1807  he  assisted  in  escorting  Sir 
John  Moore's  army  from  Gibraltar  to 
England.    He  subsequently  commanded 


y 


g:)2 


ODiTtARY. — Rtar^Aduu  Sir  James  HiUyar, 


[Dec. 


Mie  St.  George,  a  second  rate,  bearing  the 
iiHg  of  Rear-Adm.  Eliab  Harvey,  on 
Channel  service. 

Capt.  Hillyar's  next  appointment  was 
to  the  Phoebe,  a  thirty-six  gun  frigate, 
which  formed  part  of  the  naval  force 
employed  at  the  reduction  of  the  Mau- 
ritius in  Dec.  1810,  and  sustained  a  loss 
of  7  killed  and  24  wounded  in  an  action 
with  a  French  squadron  near  Madagascar, 
on  which  occasion  Capt.  C.  M.  Schom- 
berg,  in  his  official  letter,  bore  the  most 
ample  testimony  to  Captain  Hillyar*s 
gallant  conduct.  The  Phoebe  likewise 
assisted  in  recovering  possession  of  Tama- 
tave,  and  capturing  her  late  opponent  La 
Nereide,  of  44  guns  and  470  men. 

On  the  20th  Aug.  1811,  Capt.  Hillyar 
arrived  at  Batavia,  in  company  with  the 
Nisus  and  President  frigates,  forming 
part  of  the  squadron  under  Rear-Adm. 
Stopford,  where  intelligence  was  received 
of  the  capitulation  ot  Java  and  its  dc- 
pendencies  having  been  concluded  on  the 
18th  of  the  same  month. 

In  March  1813,  Capt.  Hillyar  sailed 
from  England  fur  the  purpose  of  dis- 
possessing the  Americans  of  their  fur 
establishments  upon  the  banks  of  the 
Columbia  river,  the  execution  of  which 
service  he  found  it  necessary  to  entrust  to 
another  officer,  in  consequence  of  his 
receiving  certain  intelligence  at  the  island 
of  Juan  Fernandez  that  the  United 
States  frigate  Essex  of  46  guns  and  328 
men  had  been  for  some  time  committing 
^reat  depredations  upon  British  commerce 
in  the  South  Seas,  and  that  sevenil  of  her 
prizes  had  been  armed  in  order  to  assist 
in  doing  still  further  mischief.  This 
frigate  he  engaged  and  captured  on  the 
28th  March,  1814.  The  loss  sustained 
by  the  British  ships  on  this  occasion  was 
only  5  killed  and  JO  wounded,  including 
among  the  former  Mr.  William  Ingram, 
first  Lieutenant  of  the  Phoebe,  a  brave 
and  excellent  officer;  that  of  the  American 
frigate  was  very  severe,  23  men  having 
been  found  dead  on  her  decks,  and  42 
wounded  among  the  prisoners  (161  in 
number).  Captain  Hillyar  arrived  at 
Plymouth  with  his  prize,  Nov.  13,  1814; 
and  in  the  following  year  he  received  the 
insignia  of  a  C.B.  as  a  just  reward  for  his 
long  and  meritorious  services. 

The  Phoebe  was  refitted  and  variously 
employed  until  the  same  time  next  year, 
when  he  was  paid  oflf  at  Plymouth  ;  hav- 
ing held  the  command  for  upwards  of  six 
years,  and  having  served  in  the  whole, 
from  his  first  entry  into  the  service,  forty- 
four  years,  with  less  than  one  year's  want 
of  employ.  He  retired  at  first  to  Totnes, 
where  his  family  had  for  some  years  been 
Jiving ;  but  after  a  year  or  two  went  with 


them  to  the  Continent,  and  they  remained 
abroad  until  late  in  1830,  when  he  was 
appointed  to  the  command  of  the  Revenge. 
After  this  appointment  Lord  Melville 
offered  to  nominate  him  one  of  the  Cap- 
tains of  Greenwich  Hospital ;  but,  under- 
standing that  his  acceptance  thereof  would 
invalidate  bis  future  claim  for  a  Flag,  he 
declined  it,  and  commissioned  the  Re- 
venge at  Plymouth,  in  November,  1830, 
and  she  formed  one  of  the  experimental 
squadron  under  the  command  of  Sir  Ed- 
ward Codrington,  in  the  summer  of  1831, 
and  which  \va8  afterwards  assembled  at 
Cork.  He  was  then  selected  to  com- 
mand a  small  squad  on,  intended  to  watch 
the  movements  of  the  Dutch  during  the 
siege  of  Antwerp,  and  sailed  from  Cork 
for  the  Downs  accordingly.  That  squad- 
ron being,  however,  increased  in  force,  a 
Flag- Officer,  Rear-Adm.  F.  Warren,  was 
nominated  to  the  command  of  it,  and 
Capt.  Hillyar  was  placed  under  his  orders. 
On  the  return  of  the  ships  to  port.  Sir 
E.  Codrington  having  struck  his  flag  from 
the   Caledonia,    Capt.    Hillyar    was  ap- 

{>ointed  to  the  command  of  that  ship.  She 
ay  in  Plymouth  Sound  the  whole  of  the 
ensuing  winter,  and  in  May,  1832,  she 
\\B&  ordered  to  the  coast  of  Portugal, 
where  Capt.  Hillyar  was,  on  a  second 
occasion,  called  upon  to  deviate  from  his 
orders,  being  required  by  Lord  William 
Russell  to  support  the  British  authority 
and  influence  by  entering  the  Tagus. 
This  was  happily  approved  by  the  Ad- 
miral and  the  Government  at  home  ;  and 
the  Caledonia  lay  in  that  river  the  whole 
of  the  winter  1832-33.  She  was  ordered 
home,  at  the  expiration  of  her  [leriod  of 
servitude  in  April,  and  was  paid  ofl^  at 
Plymouth  the  following  month. 

Capt.  Hillyar  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  Rear-Adaiiral  in  Jan.  1837.  On  the 
extension  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath,  in 
Jan.  1815,  he  was  nominated  a  Companion 
thereof.  On  the  1st  Jan.  1834,  he  was 
named  a  Knight  Commander  of  the 
Hanoverian  Guelphic  Order,  and  on  the 
4th  July,  1840,  be  was  advanced  to  the 
Knight  Commandership  of  the  Bath. 
Besides  these  distinctions  from  his  own 
Sovereigns,  he  had  a  gold  medal  conferred 
on  him  by  the  Grand  Seignior,  for  his 
services  in  the  Egyptian  expedition.  In 
1837  a  good-service  pension  of  300/.  per 
ann.  was  conferred  on  him,  which  he 
held  till  his  death. 

His  remains  were  deposited  in  the 
parish  churchyard,  Anthony,  near  Tor- 
point,  on  Saturday,  the  15th  July.  The 
funeral  was  appropriate  to  his  unobtrusive 
character,  but  many  of  his  brother  naval 
officers,  several  of  the  neighbouring  gen- 
tlemen,  with  a  lai^ge  numoer  of  the  in^ 


18^3.]  Obituary. — Lieut. -Gen,  Sir  Archibald  CampbelL 


653 


habitants  of  Torpoint,  &c.  assembled  at 
the  church,  to  pay  a  last  tribute  of  respect 
to  one  whose  life  and  death  were  replete 
with  the  graces  of  the  Christian  religion. 
The  corpse  was  borne  to  the  grave  by 
seamen,  old  shipmates  in  the  Phcebe, 
Revenge,  or  Caledonia ;  the  pall  was  sup- 
ported by  four  Warrant  Officers,  who  bad 
served  with  the  deceased  in  the  first  of 
these  ships  when  she  captured  the  Essex ; 
and  the  mourners  were  the  members  of 
his  own  family. 

He  married  at  Malta  July  14,  1805, 
Mary,  second  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Tay- 
lor, esq.  Naval  Storekeeper  at  that  island, 
who  survives  him,  with  six  children,  three 
sons  and  as  many  daughters  ;  the  eldest 
son,  James  Lear  Beaufort  Hillyar,  is  not 
in  the  public  service  ;  both  the  others  are 
naval  Lieutenants;  Charles- Farrel  is  at 
present  in  Her  Majesty's  ship  Tyne,  the 
youngest  (Henry-Shanck)  is  in  China, 
where  he  obtained  his  promotion  in  De- 
cember last,  his  services  having  more  than 
once  been  noticed  officially  by  his  Admiral. 
The  eldest  daughter,  Mary-Bickerton, 
was  married  in  January  last  to  Sir  Cecil 
Bissbopp,  Bart. ;  the  two  younger,  Julia 
and  A  dele,  are  unmarried. 

[A  very  full  memoir  of  Sir  James 
Hillyar  has  been  published  in  the  United 
Service  Journal  for  October.] 

J/r.-6£N.  Sill  Archibald  Campbell. 

Oct.  6.  At  Edinburgh,  Lieut.- Gen. 
Sir  Archibald  Campbell,  Bart.  G.C.B. 
K.T.S.  &c.  Colonel  of  the  62nd  Foot. 

This  distinguished  officer  was  a  son  of 
Archibiild  Campbell,  Lieut,  in  the  army, 
by  Margaret,  daughter  of  James  Small,  a 
Captain  in  the  army.  He  entered  the 
service  in  the  year  1787,  by  raising  a 
quota  of  twenty  men  for  an  ensigncy  in 
the  77th  regiment,  and  embarked  with 
that  corps  in  the  spring  of  the  following 
year  for  the  East  Indies.  He  was 
present  at  the  operations  which  led  to  the 
surrender  of  Tippoo  Sultan's  army,  the 
taking  of  Cannanore,  Sec.  &c.  on  the  coast 
or  Malabar,  in  the  year  1790. 

He  was  appointed,  in  the  year  1791,  to 
a  Lieutenancy  in  the  same  corps,  as  also 
to  the  Adjutancy  of  it.  During  that  and 
the  following  year  he  served  in  the  cam- 
paigns in  the  Mysore  country,  and  was 
present  at  the  first  siege  of  Seringapatait. 
In  1795  he  served  at  the  reduction  of  the 
Dutch  garrison  of  Cochin  and  its  de- 
pendencies, on  the  coast  of  Malabar ;  and 
in  1796  at  that  of  the  island  of  Ceylon, 
&c. 

In  1799  he  served  as  Major  of  Brigade 
to  the  European  Brigade  of  the  Bombay 
Army,  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Sadu- 
9eer,  and  the  3iege  and  taking  of  Seringa. 


patam  by  assault.  In  the  same  year  he 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Captain  by 
purchase,  in  the  67th  regiment ;  an  im- 
mediate exchange  was  effected  into  the 
88th  regiment,  with  a  view  of  remaining 
upon  foreign  service,  that  corps  having 
just  arrived  in  India. 

In  1801  be  was  compelled,  from  ill 
health,  to  return  to  Europe;  and  was, 
until  1803,  employed  upon  the  recruit- 
ing service,  when  he  was  appointed  to  the 
staff  of  the  Southern  District,  as  Major 
of  Brigade.  Subsequently,  in  1804,  he 
was  appointed  to  the  Majority  of  the  6th 
Battalion  of  Reserve,  stationed  in  Guern- 
sey, with  which  he  served,  until  its  re- 
duction in  the  beginning  of  1805.  A  few 
weeks  afterwards  he  was  placed  on  full 
pay  of  the  7lst  regiment,  which  he  im- 
mediately joined,  and  in  general  com- 
manded  the  2nd  battalion  of  that  corps  in 
Scotland  and  in  Ireland,  until  1808,  when 
he  joined  the  1st  battalion  on  its  embarka- 
tion for  Portugal.  He  served  with  it  at 
the  battles  of  Koleia  and  Vimiera,  as  also 
during  the  campaign  in  Spain,  under  the 
command  of  the  late  Lieut.-General  Sir 
John  Moore,  and  he  was  at  the  battle  of 
Corunna. 

In  February,  1809,  he  was  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  Lieut.- Colonel,  and  was  ap- 
pointed to  accompany  Marshal  Beresford 
to  assist  in  the  organization  of  the  Por- 
tuguese Army,  in  which  service  he  was 
raised  to  the  rank  of  Colonel,  command- 
ing a  regiment  of  Infantry;  and,  in  1811, 
to  that  of  Brigadier- General,  and  the 
command  of  n  brigade,  at  the  head  of 
which  he  served  during  the  whole  of  the 
war  in  the  Peninsula  and  South  of  France, 
being  present  at  the  battles  of  Busaco, 
Albuera,  Vittoria,  the  Pjrrenees,  the 
Nivelle,  and  the  Nive,  at  the  surprise  of 
the  French  corps  commanded  by  Greneral 
Gerard,  the  siege  of  Badajos,  &c.  In 
the  latter  end  of  1813,  the  Prince  Regent 
of  Portugal  promoted  him  to  the  rank  of 
Major.  General  in  his  Service.  He  was  ap- 
pointed in  1816  to  the  command  of  the 
Lisbon  Division  of  the  Portuguese  Army, 
which  he  retained  until  1820,  when,  at  the 
first  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution  in  that 
country,  he  offered,  in  the  absence  of 
Marshal  Lord  Beresford,  to  march  with 
his  division  to  suppress  the  rising  at 
Oporto;  and,  upon  bis  services  being  de- 
clined by  the  Regency,  he  immediately 
gave  in  bis  resignation,  and  soon  after 
returned  to  England. 

He  was  in  1831  appointed  to  the  com« 
mand  of  her  Majesty's  38th  Regiment, 
and  joined  that  corps  at  the  Cape  in  1822. 
He  proceeded  with  it  to  India,  and  was 
stationed  at  Berhampore,  when  his  Ex. 
(ellency  the  Hon.  Sir  £.  Paget  selected 


654 


Obituary.— S/r  Jamei  Shaw,  Bart. 


[Dec. 


him  to  take  the  command  of  the  expedi- 
tion  then  organizing  to  be  sent  against  the 
Burmese.  The  judicious  manner  in 
which  he  conducted  this  arduous  war  to 
a  successful  and  honourable  termination, 
called  forth  the  public  acknowledgments 
of  his  country,  conveyed  in  a  vote  of 
thanks  from  both  Houses  of  Parliament, 
together  with  similar  marks  of  approba- 
tion  from  the  Governor- General  in 
Council,  and  from  the  Court  of  Directors 
of  the  Hon.  East  India  Company,  who 
further  testified  their  approval  of  his  skill, 
gallantry,  and  perseverance,  throughout 
that  arduous  war,  by  granting  a  pension 
of  1000/.  per  annum  for  his  life,  and 
presenting  to  him  a  handsome  gold  medal. 

At  the  termination  of  the  Burmese  war 
he  was  appointed  CommanderoftheForces 
in  the  ceded  provinces  on  the  coast  of 
Tenasserim,  and  at  the  same  time  had 
the  honour  of  being  Civil  Commissioner 
in  relation  to  the  affairs  of  the  kingdoms 
of  Burmuh  and  Siam.  While  holding 
these  distinguished  offices,  his  health, 
which  had  been  severely  tried  in  the  pre- 
ceding arduous  campaign,  began  seriously 
to  suffer,  and,  by  the  urgent  advice  of  his 
medical  attendants,  he  applied  for  leave 
to  return  to  England.  In  accordance, 
however,  with  the  earnest  desire  of  the 
Supreme  Government  at  Calcutta,  he 
continued  in  his  command  for  another 
year,  when  increased  illness  obliged  him 
to  leave  India,  in  the  year  1829. 

In  the  spring  of  1831  he  was  appointed 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  province  of 
New  Brunswick,  which  Government  he 
administered  for  nearly  six  years,  with  the 
utmost  zeal  for  the  welfare  of  the  province, 
and  the  maintenance  of  the  prerogative 
of  his  most  gracious  Sovereign.  Before 
he  resigned  this  appointment,  in  the  year 
1837,  he  was  offered,  in  the  autumn  of 
1836,  that  of  Commander-in-Chief  in 
Canada — conditionally — upon  the  chance 
of  Sir  John  Colbome  having  embarked 
for  England  before  his  nomination  to  that 
office  reached  him,  which  it  did,  in  fact, 
when  he  (Sir  J.  Colbome)  was  on  the 
point  of  embarkation  at  New  York. 

In  August,  1839,  he  was  offered  the 
appointment  of  Commander-in-Chief  in 
Bombay,  which  he  accepted  ;  but  severe 
indisposition,  which  occurred  immediately 
afterwards,  obliged  him  most  reluctantly 
to  relinquish  a  command  in  every  way 
congenial  to  his  own  feelings.  His  well- 
known  conscientious  rectitude,  and  often 
proved  zeal  for  the  public  service,  led  him 
to  fear  that  declining  health  might  inca- 
pacitate him  from  the  efficient  perform- 
ance of  those  active  duties  which  must 
necessarily  have  devolved  upon  him. 

A»  a  proof  that  bis  sterling  qualitieS| 


both  as  a  soldier  and  a  member  of  society, 
have  been  appreciated  beyond  the  military 
sphere,  of  which,  as  the  foregoing  memoir 
has  shewn,  he  was  so  bright  an  ornament, 
it  may  be  mentioned  uiat  he  was,  at 
various  periods,  presented  with  the  free- 
dom of  the  cities  of  Strabane,  Cork,  and 
Perth ;  nor  can  the  last,  though  not  the 
least  gratifying,  mark  of  public  esteem, 
which  he  received  within  the  last  few 
months  in  the  capital  city  of  his  native 
country,  be  here  omitted.  We  allude  to 
the  compliment  paid  to  him  by  the  mem- 
bers of  the  New  Club,  who,  on  his 
coming  to  reside  in  Edinburgh,  unani- 
mously elected  him  an  honorary  member 
of  their  body,  without  subjecting  him  to 
the  usual  forms  on  such  occasions ;  an 
honour  which  had  never  been  paid  to  any 
one  before,  excepting  to  the  venerable 
and  p;allant  Lord  Lynedoch. 

Sir  Archibald  received  the  insignia  of 
the  Portuguese  order  of  the  Tower  and 
Sword  in  1813.  He  was  knighted  April 
28,  1814,  by  the  Prince  Regent,  who 
also  appointed  him  one  of  his  Royal 
Highnesses  Aide-de-camps,  vtrith  the 
rank  of  Colonel  in  the  army.  He  was 
nominated  a  Knight  Commander  of  the 
Bath  in  1815,  and  K.G.B.  at  the  close 
of  the  Burmese  %var  in  1827.  In  1831  he 
was  created  a  Baronet  of  the  United 
Kingdom. 

He  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  95th 
regiment  Sept.  SI,  1829;  subsequently 
of  the  77th ;  and  of  the  62nd,  Feb.  17, 
1840. 

Sir  Archibald  Campbell  married  Miss 
Helen  Macdonald,  of  Grarth,  co.  Perth, 
and  had  issue  two  sons  and  three  daugh- 
ters. The  elder  son,  the  Rev.  Archilmld 
Campbell,  a  chaplain  in  India,  died  un- 
married in  1831.  The  younger,  now  Sir 
John  Campbell,  Bart.'  is  Lieut.- Colonel 
of  the  88th  regiment.  The  eldest  daugh- 
ter,  Maria-Macdonald,  is  married  to  Lieut- 
Col.  John  James  Snoidgrass ;  the  second, 
Helen- Maria,  to  Cant,  the  Hon.  Au- 
gustus Almeric  Churchill,  43d  foot,  third 
son  of  Lord  Churchill;  and  the  third, 
Laura- Susan,  is  unmarried. 

Sir  James  Shaw,  Ba&t. 

Oct,  22.  At  his  house  in  America- 
square,  in  his  80th  year,  Sir  James  Shaw, 
Bart,  late  Chamberlain  of  the  city  of  Lon- 
don,  President  of  the  Royal  Artillery 
Company,  and  of  the  London  Lying-in 
Hospital,  a  Director  of  the  West  India 
Docks,  and  of  the  Imperial  Insurance 
Company,  and  a  Visitor  of  the  London 
Institution. 

He  was  born  at  Riccarton,  in  the 
county  of  Ayr,  Auff.  26,  1764.  His 
family,    though  highly  respectable  and 


1 843.] 


Obituary.— iSir  James  Shaw,  BarL 


655 


honourable,  were  in  circumstances  too 
confined  to  allow  scope  for  the  enter- 
prising spirit  of  their  numerous  offspring, 
and  James  with  his  brothers  quitted  at  an 
early  period  their  paternal  home,  to  seek 
advancement  under  more  favourable  aus- 
pices. James,  by  diligence,  integrity,  and 
ability,  graduated  from  the  lowest  seat  in 
the  counting-house  of  an  eminent  mer- 
cantile firm  in  the  city  to  the  distinguished 
position  of  a  partner  in  the  house.  In 
1798  be  was  elected  b^  the  inhabitants  of 
Portsoken,  the  ward  m  which  he  lived, 
to  the  office  of  Alderman.  He  became 
Sheriff  of  London  and  Middlesex  in 
1803,  and  in  the  year  1805  he  was  elected 
Lord  Mayor. 

On  the  day  previous  to  his  quitting  the 
civic  chair  he  was  elected,  at  the  general 
election,  one  of  the  members  for  the  city, 
which  position  he  occupied  in  three  suc- 
cessive parliaments,  until  the  dissolution 
of  1818,  when  he  retired.  In  Sept.  1809 
his  Majesty  was  pleased  to  confer  upon 
Mr.  Shaw  the  dignity  of  a  Baronet ;  and 
in  Jun.  1813  he  received  a  second  patent, 
with  remainder  to  his  nephew  John  Shaw, 
of  Whitehall  Place,  esq.  the  son  of  his 
sister  Mrs.  Margaret  Macfie,  and  who 
had  previously  taken  the  name  of  Shaw 
by  royal  sign  manual  in  1807.  Sir  James 
Shaw  had  a  grant  of  arms  allusive  to  his 
civic  honours,  with  figures  personating 
Fortitude  and  the  City  of  London  as  sup- 
porters.  In  the  hand  of  the  former  was 
placed  a  scroll,  inscribed  *'  The  King's 
Warrant  of  Precedence,*'  alluding  to  the 
firmness  with  which,  during  his  mayoralty, 
he  asserted  the  privileges  of  his  office. 

Sir  James,  during  the  whole  of  his  par- 
liamentary career,  was  the  warm  supporter 
of  the  Conservative  administration  which 
then  wielded  the  destinies  of  the  nation  ; 
but  though  a  constant,  he  was  an  inde- 
pendent supporter  of  the  party,  and  never 
was  known  to  have  asked  for  or  received 
either  place  or  emolument  for  any  of  his 
numerous  family  and  connection8,for  whom 
he  otherwise  had  to  make  provision.  Sir 
James  continued  to  discharge  the  duties 
of  Alderman  with  scrupulous  impartiality 
and  unvarying  punctuality,  until  the  year 
1831,  when,  upon  the  decease  of  Mr. 
Richard  Clarke,  he  was  elected  to  the  lu- 
crative and  honourable  office  of  Chamber 
lain  of  London,  which  he  continued  to 
hold  until  he  resigned  in  May  last. 

It  may  be  recollected  that  Sir  J.  Shaw 
had  invested  40,000/.  held  by  him  as  the 
banker  of  the  corporation  in  spurious 
Exchequer-bills,  with  which  a  vear  or 
two  ago  the  money-market  in  the  City 
was  inundated.  A  considerable  portion 
of  the  emoluments  of  his  office  was  de- 
rived from  the  temporary  employment  as 


a  banker  of  the  surplus  cash  and  securities 
in  his  hands  not  required  for  immediate 
use.  This  had  often  been  considered  an 
objectionable  mode  of  paying  a  public 
servant ;  but  still,  as  the  particular  mode 
of  investment  was  left  to  the  discretion  of 
the  officer,  he  was  responsible  for  the  va- 
lidity of  the  instruments  on  which  he  made 
the  advance.  The  writer  of  this  brief  sketch 
was  called  upon  to  advise  his  friend  a  few 
hours  after  the  astounding  intelligence  of 
the  invaUdity  of  these  bills  had  reached  his 
ear.  He  spoke  upon  every  part  of  the  sub- 
ject  in  a  tone  of  calm  and  dignified  resigna- 
tion. He  produced  from  his  pocket  a  small 
scrap  of  paper,  on  which,  with  his  usual 
neatness,  were  figured  down  the  particu- 
lars of  his  property  in  India  ana  Bank 
Stock,  or  Dock  shares,  and  other  available 
securities,  against  which  he  had  placed 
the  value  at  the  price  of  the  day,  and, 
with  a  fervour  that  came  from  the  bottom 
of  his  heart,  thanked  God,  although  it 
would  scarcely  leave  him  500/.  it  sufficed 
to  meet  this  unexpected  calamity,  without 
giving  to  the  corporation  or  his  sureties 
the  slightest  occasion  for  anxiety  or  alarm. 
While  this  matter  was  under  the  con- 
sideration of  government,  great  fluctua- 
tions in  public  opinion  took  place  as  to 
the  probable  result.  Knowing  that  upon 
the  event  depended  the  only  provision 
made,  as  well  for  his  declining  years  as  to 
sustain  the  honours  of  the  title,  a  friend 
communicated  to  Sir  James  that  specu- 
lators were  willing  to  take  the  chances  of 
the  result,  upon  being  allowed  a  moderate 
discount  for  the  risk  and  delay ;  the  face 
of  the  venerable  man  for  a  moment  wore 
an  unusual  flush ;  **  No,''  was  his  repl^, 
''  were  I  to  take  17«.  6d.  in  the  pound,  it 
would  betray  a  doubt  of  the  propriety  of 
my  demand,  or  a  doubt  of  my  country's 
justice.  I  shall  patiently  abide  the  issue, 
and  will  not  sacrifice  an  iota  of  my  daim." 
Though  he  appeared  to  bear  the  trial  with 
great  equanimity,  there  is  no  doubt  that 
it  tended  to  hasten  the  event  to  which  his 
malady  was  preparing  the  way.  It  was 
the  subject  of  great  satisfaction  to  him  to 
be  able  personally  to  attend  the  commis- 
sioners to  whom  the  inquiry  in  the  Ex- 
chequer-bill  fraud  had  been  intrusted,  and 
before  his  resignation  as  Chamberlain  he 
had  the  additional  consolation  of  receiving 
the  whole  amount  of  the  bills  with  in- 
terest  to  the  day  of  payment. 

Sir  James  Shaw  was  at  all  times  a  pat- 
tern for  the  performance  of  his  official 
duties,  punctual  to  all  his  appointments, 
and  precise  in  all  his  arrangements.  As 
Chamberlain,  it  was  his  duty  to  hear  all 
complaints  of  masters  against  their  i^. 
prentices,  and  apprentices  against  their 
masters.    Such  was  the  effect  of  his  jBim 


656 


Capt.  H.  F,  Seagram,  R,N. — Mrs.  Marcus  Holmes,         [Dec. 


but  conciliating  tone,  that  it  has  been 
frequently  known  to  subdue  the  most 
resolute  and  obdurate  spirit,  where  mild- 
ness without  iirmness,  and  vigour  without 
judgment,  had  been  tried  in  vain.  His 
office  has  witnessed  many  scenes  of  the 
deepest  interest.  Masters  and  appren- 
tices, parents  and  children,  whose  deep- 
seated  anger  it  appeared  impossible  to 
appease,  have  been  melted  by  the  influence 
of  kindness,  and  have  bad  to  bless  the 
day  their  disputes  were  heard  before  one 
who  knew  how  to  temper  justice  with 
mercy,  and  to  administer  law  with  judg- 
ment and  discretion. 

Perhaps  there  are  few  men  who  have 
contributed  to  the  advancement  of  so 
many  deserving  young  persons  as  it  was 
his  good  fortune  to  promote.  The  walls 
of  his  drawing  and  dining  rooms  were 
crowded  with  the  portraits  of  many  of 
those  objects  of  his  patronising  care.  To 
the  corporation  school  he  gave  annually 
100/.  To  a  vast  number  of  the  charitable 
institutions,  which  constitute  the  glory  of 
the  nation,  he  was  a  generous  contributor. 
Towell-founded  applications  to  his  bounty 
a  five  or  a  ten-pound  check  was  always 
ready,  and  the  last  day  will  alone  reveal 
the  numberless  recipients  of  his  private 
charity. 

Two  days  before  his  decease,  his  medi- 
cal attendant  deemed  it  right  to  intimate 
to  him  that  his  sojourn  on  earth  was  near 
his  close.  He  received  the  communica- 
tion with  the  composure  with  vvhich  a 
good  man  meets  his  fate.  After  sitting 
up  in  his  bed  for  a  short  time  on  Sunday 
evening,  he  sunk  back  on  his  pillow,  and 
without  a  sigh  or  a  groan  expired.  **  Mark 
the  perfect  man  and  behold  the  upright, 
for  the  end  of  that  man  is  peace.'* 


Capt.  H.  F.  Seagram,  R.N. 

Auff.  26.  At  Bathurst,  Gambia,  his 
Excellency  the  Governor  and  Commander- 
in-Chief,  Henry  Frowd  Seagram,  R.N. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  John 
Seagram,  Vicar  of  Aldbourne,  Wilts  ;  and 
had  been  actively  employed  in  the  naval 
service  of  his  country  almost  uninter- 
ruptedly  for  21  years. 

He  attained  the  rank  of  Commander  on 
the  19th  August,  1842  ;  and  was  appointed 
Governor  of  Gambia  13lh  of  Jan.  fol- 
lowing. 

On  his  arrival  at  the  Gambia  he  found 
the  settlement  in  an  excited  and  dis- 
organized  state ;  but  his  iirmness  and 
energy  of  mind,  combined  with  mildness, 
hHS  restored  it  to  better  government, 
which  will  be  of  the  greatest  advantage  to 
the  settlement,  as  well  as  to  the  successor 
of  Captain  Seagram. 

His  friends  were  quite  unprepared  for 
12 


this  shock,  as  they  received  a  cheerful 
letter  from  him  about  three  weeks  pre- 
viously. Nor  had  they  entertained  any 
fears  about  the  climate,  as  be  had  been 
habituated  to  tropical  countries  for  more 
than  fifteen  years.  But  the  pestiferous 
exhalations  of  the  Gambia  proved  too 
powerful  for  even  his  almost  iron  con- 
stitution. 


Mrs.  Marcus  Holmes. 

Oct.  10.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Marcus 
Holmes,  esq.  of  Westbury-on-Trym, 
Somersetshire,  daughter  of  the  late  Rev. 
John  Emra,  Vicar  of  St.  George's,  Bris- 
tol, recently  deceased. 

Mrs.  Holmes  was  not  one  of  those 
who  blazon  forth  their  talents — she  em- 
phatically pursued  the  quiet  **  tenor*'  of 
her  way,  which  was  one  of  peace  and 
love ;  but  enduring  monuments  of  her 
taste,  her  moral  worth,  and,  above  all, 
her  piety,  are  conspicuous  in  the  works 
which  remain  to  testify  of  her  devotion  to 
the  cause  of  Christianity.  Her  earliest 
productions  were  given  to  the  Bristol 
Mirror.  Her  first  distinct  work  was 
*'  Lawrence  the  Martyr;"  **  Scenes  in 
our  Parish"  followed,  two  series  of 
which  were  published,  and  attracted  so 
much  attention,  that  on  the  occasion  of 
Mr.  Soutbey*s  last  visit  to  Bristol  he  paid 
a  visit  to  St.  George's,  to  congratulate  the 
accomplished  authoress  on  the  success  of 
her  volumes,  which  were  published  as  the 
unassuming  production  of  '*  A  Country 
Parson's  Daughter."  Mrs.  Holmes  was 
a  frequent  contributor  to  the  British  and 
other  magazines ;  and  the  annuals,  also, 
were  occasionally  adorned  by  her  beauti- 
ful verses.  Her  best  energies  (whilst  she 
lived  at  St.  George's)  were  devoted  to 
the  promotion  of  the  temporal,  and  espe- 
cially the  spiritual,  interests  of  the  inha- 
bitants of  Kingsvvood  and  its  vicinity, 
where  her  early  days  were  spent.  After 
the  death  of  her  venerated  parent  she  re- 
moved to  Westbury,  where,  in  the  bosom 
of  her  beloved  family,  she  resided  until 
the  summons,  peculiarly  sudden  and  af- 
flictive, was  issued—**  Come  up  hither.'. 
That  she  has  entered  into  the  **  joy  of 
her  Lord,"  whom  she  so  sincerely  fol- 
lowed on  earth,  is  the  only  and  best  con- 
solation of  the  many  sorrowing  friends 
whom  she  has  left  behind. 


John  Buddle,  Esq. 

Oci.  10.  At  his  residence  at  Wallsend, 
in  his  70th  year,  John  Buddie,  esq.  the 
eminent  coal. viewer,  and  agent  of  the 
Marquess  of  Londonderry. 

Mr.  Buddie  was  the  only  son  of  a  col- 
liery viewer  of  great  eminence,  who  had 
the  management  for  many  years  prior  to 


1843.]        Obitoaky.— JoA«  Buddk,  Esq.—C.  E.  F.  Weyse. 


657 


his  death  of  the  most  celehrated  and 
profitable  colliery  ever  worked  in  this 
country,  namely,  the  original  Wallsend 
colliery,  belonging  to  the  late  Mr.  William 
Russell,  of  Brancepdth  Castle,  and  which 
has  given  a  name  to  the  best  coals  of  the 
present  day.  The  elder  Mr.  Buddie  was 
a  man  of  considerable  literary  and  scien- 
tific attainments,  and  he  bestowed  great 
care  in  educating  his  son  in  every  branch 
of  knowledge  which  could  be  advantageous 
to  him  in  his  intended  profession  of  col- 
liery  viewer  and  mining-engineer.  On 
the  death  of  his  father,  in  1806,  he  was 
immediately  placed  by  Mr.  Russell  at  the 
head  of  his  immense  colliery  concerns, 
and  continued  ever  afterwards  to  enjoy 
the  confidence  of  that  gentleman  and  his 
successors.  By  his  industry  and  talents, 
Mr.  Buddie  had  realised  a  large  fortune 
before  he  became  connected  with  the 
Marquess  of  Londonderry,  the  agency  for 
whose  mines  was  only  one  of  the  many 
lucrative  employments  held  by  this  emi- 
nent individual .  He  was  also  extensively 
engaged  on  his  own  account  in  collieries 
and  shipping;  and,  in  addition  to  his 
permanent  agencies,  he  was  almost  con- 
tinuuUy  employed  in  parliamentary  and 
other  proceedings  relating  to  the  mining 

Property  in  every  part  of  the  kingdom, 
n  these  occupations  he  amassed  a  large 
fortune,  which,  had  it  not  been  for  the 
extent  of  his  benefactions,  would  have 
greatly  exceeded  its  actual  amount.  No 
man  could  be  more  highly  respected,  as 
was  proved  by  the  prodigious  concourse 
of  mourners  who  attended  his  body  to  the 
grave — nearly  one  hundred  carriages  fol- 
lowed the  funeral  procession,  besides 
numerous  horsemen,  and  multitudes  of 
people  upon  foot,  and  seldom  has  public 
regret  been  more  strongly  expressed  for 
the  death  of  a  private  individual.  As  a 
mining  engineer,  and  colliery  manager, 
Mr.  Buddie  had  long  stood  in  the  first 
rank  of  his  profession :  and  the  extensive 
and  varied  scientific  knowledge  which  he 
possessed,  and  the  almost  unrivalled  skill 
and  judgment  with  which  he  applied  that 
knowledge  to  actual  practice,  procured 
for  him  the  highest  professional  reputa- 
tion, not  only  in  this  country,  but  abroad. 
His  sterling  honesty  and  unaffected  kind- 
ness of  heart  caused  him  to  be  loved  and 
respected  by  his  friends,  and  the  liberality 
with  which  he  privately  bestowed  large 
sums  in  acts  of  charity,  will  be  long  and 
gratefully  remembered  by  thoseviumerous 
individuals  who  were  the  objects  of  his 
unostentatious  benevolence. 


C.  E.  F.  Weyse. 
In  1842. — At  Ck>penhagen,  affed  sbcty. 
eight,  Christopher  Ernst  Fredenk  Weyse, 
Gent.  Mag,  Vol,  XX. 


the  master  Composer  of  the  North  of 
Europe. 

He  was  bom  at  Altona,  in  1774,  of  in- 
digent but  respectable  parents ;  his  mother 
was  well  known  in  that  town  for  her  per- 
formances on  the  piano,  and  his  grand- 
father, the  Cantor  at  the  parochial  cnurch, 
gave  him  his  first  musical  lessons ;  his 
stepfather,  however,  destined  him  for  the 
counting-house,  and  had  the  mortification 
of  finding  him  most  unqualified  for  the 
task.  In  the  autumn  of  1789  young 
Weyse  landed  at  Copenhagen,  provided 
merely  with  a  few  letters  of  introduction  \ 
one  was  for  the  leader  of  the  Royal  Or- 
chestra, Schultz,  a  man  of  talent  and 
merit,  whose  compositions  were  at  the 
time  much  admired,  and  Weyse  won  his 
heart  at  their  first  interview,  by  improvis- 
ing a  pianoforte  fantaiia^  on  one  of 
Schultz*8  airs.  After  a  short  time,  Weyse 
received  an  appointment  to  his  taste,  that 
of  organist  to  the  church  of  St.  Peter,  in 
which  he  had  full  time  for  the  study  of 
counterpoint  and  composition.  The 
works  of  Sebastian  Bach  and  Gluck 
were  the  foundation  of  his  studies.  In 
1799,  the  Allgemeine  musikalische  Zeitung 
made  mention  of  Weyse  in  the  following 
terms :  "  He  is  one  of  the  first  performers 
on  the  piano  now  existing;  in  his  fan- 
tasias he  unites  the  science  of  Bach  to 
the  inexhaustible  genius  of  Mozart ;  if  he 
can  succeed  in  reaching  the  taste  of  the 
latter,  the  art  cannot  be  carried  to  greater 
perfection.  Of  his  masterly  compositions, 
we  have  yet  only  seen  a  collection  of 
sonatas,  his  great  symphonies  not  hav- 
ing found  a  publisher,  notwithstanding 
they  have  been  offered  without  regard  to 
compensation  or  emolument." 

With  his  studies  of  music  Weyse  united 
at  that  time  those  of  philosophy,  astrono- 
my, medicine,  and  the  languages.  Even 
poetry  was  successfully  cultivated  by  him ; 
out  whilst  thus  engaged,  an  unfortunate 
attachment  threw  him  into  a  state  of  me- 
lancholy which  lasted  for  years.  He  was 
roused  from  his  despondency  by  hearing 
Mozart's  "  Don  Juan"  (in  1807),  and 
seriously  betook  himself  to  composing  for 
the  stage;  Oehlenschlager  supplied  him 
with  a  text,  and  Weyse  ^ve  full  vent  to 
his  genius  in  the  comic  opera,  *'  The 
Sleeping  Draught,''  which  hais  been  given 
with  continual  success  at  the  Copenhagen 
Opera  since  1809 ;  and  in  the  exquisite 
romantic  operas,  •*  Faruk*'  and  "  Lud- 
lam*s  Cave,**  the  latter  of  which  might 
easily  be  transferred  to  the  English  stage. 
Weyse  became  the  father  of  the  romantic 
opera  in  Denmark.  Till  then  the  in- 
fluence of  Qluckand  Mozart  had  not  been 
felt,  although  Copenhagen  possessed  com. 
posers  of  much  merit  ana  originality,  as 

4P 


658 


Obituary. — Mr,  George  Mad^x, 


[Dec. 


Scbultz  and  Kuiitzen.  For  tliis  Weyse 
paved  the  way,  and  his  dramatic  genius 
seemed  to  ciilmiriate  in  his  music  to 
Shakspere'8  ♦*  Macbeth''  (1817),  a  sub- 
ject worthy  of  his  poetic  mind.  Amongst 
his  later  dramatic  works  may  be  men. 
tioned  his  "  Floribella"  (1825),  *»  Kenil- 
worth'*  (1832),  and  an  operetta,  full  of 
spirit  and  beauty,  entitled,  "An  Adven- 
ture in  the  Garden  of  Rosenberg,"  the 
subject  being  a  comic  love-intrigue  in  a 
favourite  public  garden  of  Copenhagen. 

As  a  dramatic  composer,  Weyse  be- 
came  very  popular  in  his  own  country, 
and  his  lyric  songs  are  not  less  admirable 
and  admired  for  their  simplicity  and 
sweetness.  They  are  now  universally 
sung  in  schools,  and  by  the  people 
throughout  the  country.  Notwithstand- 
ing his  great  productiveness  during  almost 
half  a  centurv,  every  one  of  his  composi- 
tions, even  tne  smallest  and  most  whim- 
sical (of  which  not  a  few  exist),  bears 
witness  to  his  correctness  and  excellence 
in  handling  his  subject,  and  to  the  high 
estimation  in  which  he  held  the  science 
of  music. 

But  the  branch  of  composition  in  which 
he  attained  the  greatest  perfection,  and 
which  more  than  any  other  is  destined  to 
carry  his  fame  to  posterity,  and  to  place 
him,  sooner  or  later,  by  the  side  of  Handel 
and  his  predecessors,  the  old  Italian 
masters,  was  that  of  sacred  music.  In 
his  compositions  of  this  class  he  has 
broken  through  all  conventional  barriers, 
and  created  what  may  be  called  a  truly 
Protestant  style.  His  **  Ambrosian  Chant,'* 
a  Protestant  transformation  of  the  "  Te 
Deum  Laudamus*'  of  St.  Ambrose,  his 
"  Pentecost,*'  and  Easter  oratorios,  his 
**  Sacrifice  of  Jesus,"  his  "  Oratorio  in 
celebration  of  the  Reformation,*'  and  a 
host  of  others,  may  be  heard  and  studied 
repeatedly,  even  by  scientific  composers. 
Always  original,  and  still  plain,  every 
idea  is  expressed  in  the  most  correct  and 
beautiful  way. 

Wh^  these  oratorios  at  least,  so  easily 
accessible,  so  congenial  to  our  Protestant 
feelings,  have  not  yet  attained  their  due 
celebrity  throughout  Protestant  Europe, 
it  is  not  difiicult  to  explain.  The  reason 
is  obvious  to  those  who  knew  Weyse,  and 
the  character  of  his  compositions.  He 
was  far  in  advance  of  his  time,  and  his 
greatest  works  were,  in  consequence,  un- 
derstood  only  by  a  comparatively  small 
band  of  true  admirers,  and  not  accessible 
to  the  superficial  and  uncultivated  minds 
of  the  great  mass  of  hearers  and  players 
of  music.  Then,  too,  Weyse  had  such 
an  utter  contempt  for  popularity-hunting, 
that  he  neglected  availing  himself  of  any 
means  whatever  to  become  known  out  of 


that  narrow  but  enthusiastic  circle  where 
his  affections  centered.  He  composed, 
not  to  create  a  name  for  himself,  nor 
with  the  least  idea  of  lucre,  but  because  he 
could  not  do  otherwise.  He  was  entirely 
Ivric  in  his  sacred  music,  and  but  very  sel- 
dom has  given  it  an  epic,  and  still  less  a 
dramatic  character;  whereas,  all  other 
composers  have  almost  exclusively  chosen 
the  two  latter  in  their  great  compositions 
of  Protestant  Church-music;  witness  F. 
Schneider's  "  Weltgericht,"  Beethoven's 
**  Christ  on  the  Mount  of  Olives,"  Men- 
delssohn's **  Paul,*'  Handel's  «<  Messiah," 
Spohr's  "  Fall  of  Babylon,"  the  dramatic 
nature  of  which  causes  them  to  be 
generally  considered  as  unfit  for  the 
Church,  and  as  too  profane  ever  to  be 
allowed  to  form  part  of  our  worship,-* 
AthentBum, 


Mb.  George  Maddox. 

Oct  9.    In  bis  83d  year,  Mr.  George 
Maddox,  architect. 

Mr.  Maddox  was  more  extensively 
known  among  architects  than  the  public. 
He  was  probably  the  oldest  living  member 
of  bis  profession,  and  may  be  considered, 
says  a  correspondent,  as  "  the  father  of 
the  present  generation,  having  been  the 
instructor  of  Professor  Cockerell,  Mr. 
D.  Burton,  Professor  Hosking,  and  many 
other  eminent  men."  Indeed,  the  last 
thirty  years  or  more  of  bis  life  were  de- 
voted  chiefly  to  teaching,  and  be  thereby 
exerted,  although  not  directly,  a  conside- 
rable influence  on  architectural  taste, 
more  especially  as  his  was  not  a  mere 
routine  system  of  instruction.  Though 
it  is  now  upwards  of  sixty  years  since  he 
commenced  his  career,  hardly  can  he  be 
said  to  have  belonged  to  the  old  school, 
since  he  rather  held  it  in  contempt,  as  he 
likewise  did  all  the  superficial  jargon  of 
its  criticism.  Apt  to  speak  any  thing 
but  respectfully  of  Vitruviusand  Palladio, 
and  all ''  pattern-makers  "  of  the  Orders, 
his  opinions  must,  at  one  time,  have  been 
deemed  not  a  little  heretical ;  but  he 
lived  long  enough  to  find  them  gaining 
ground,  and  that  Architecture  was  stu- 
died in  a  better  and  more  intelligent  spirit 
than  it  had  been  in  his  earlier  days.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Suffolk-street  So- 
ciety of  British  Artists  from  its  forma- 
mation,  and  a  constant  contributor  to  its 
exhibitions,  chiefly  of  classical  architec- 
tural compositions,  with  fragments  of 
sculpture  .and  ornaments  in  the  antique 
taste,  but  frequently  displaying  many 
happy  as  well  as  original  ideas.  They 
were,  however,  caviare  to  the  million  of 
exhibition  visitors,  and,  indeed,  required 
to  be  carefully  examined  in  order  to  have 
their   merits    appreciated.     Some    years 


1843.]     Mr,  Orrin  Sw*iM.— Afr.  William  Dupe,— Mr.  John  Clay.     659 


ogo  lie  undertook  a  series  of  etchings, 
consisting  of  capitals,  entablatures,  and  a 
Variety  of  architectural  ornaments,  pic- 
turesquely grouped  together,  therefore  of 
a  very  different  character  from  the  usual 
**  books  of  ornaments;"  but  increasing 
infirmities,  accompanied  with  severe  at- 
tacks of  indisposition,  prevented  his  ac- 
complishing what  would  have  obtained 
for  him  a  high  name  in  Art,  not  only  at 
home,  but  wherever  those  productions 
found  their  way. — Atheneum, 

Mr.  Maddox*s  very  complete  and  valu- 
able architectural  library  is  to  be  sold  by 
Mr.  Lewis  in  Fleet-street,  on  the  Ist 
and  2d  Dec. 


Mr.  Orrin  Smith. 

Oct,  15.  InMabledon-place,  Mr.  John 
Orrin  Smith,  wood-engraver. 

He  was  born  at  Colchester  in  1799, 
and  was  educated  as  an  architect ;  but  re- 
linriuishing  the  study  of  that  profession, 
he  came  to  London,  and  turned  his  at- 
tention to  wood-engraving,  for  which  he 
very  soon  evinced  a  decided  talent.  It 
was  about  the  year  1824  that  he  began  to 
devote  himself  to  this  branch  of  art,  under 
the  instructien  of  Mr.  Harvey.  His  first 
works  of  importance  constituted  a  series 
of  animals,  illustrations  to  **  Seeley's 
Bible,'*  and  some  spirited  heads  after 
Kenny  Meadows.  In  1835  he  com- 
menced the  illustrations  of  the  French 
edition  of  •*  Paul  and  Virginia,*'  the  suc- 
cess of  which  was  such  that  the  publishers 
caused  his  portrait  to  be  engraved  as  an 
accompaniment  to  the  work.  In  the 
same  year  he  was  occupied  in  illustrations 
of  **  The  Solace  of  Sone ;"  and  these  two 
works  contain  some  of  his  finest  specimens 
of  landscape  engraving.  In  1839  he  com. 
menced  the  cuts  of  the  "  Illustrated 
Shakspere,'*  after  drawings  by  Kenny 
Meadows,  which  work  occupied  him  until 
within  a  few  months  of  his  death.  Two 
years  ago  he  entered  into  partnership  mth 
Mr.  Linton,  since  which  time  have  been 
produced  cuts  for  The  Book  of  British 
Ballads,  after  Meadows;  also  for  Cadell's 
Waverley;  La;  Fontoine's  Fables,  Be- 
ranger's  Songs,  &c.  &c.  His  death  was 
caused  by  apoplexy,  induced  by  the  shock 
of  a  shower-bath.     {Art  Union,) 

Mr.  William  Dupe. 

Sept,  23.  At  Oxford,  aged  95,  Mr. 
William  Dupe. 

He  was  bom  Jan.  Ist.  1749,  at  Stoney 
Stoke,  near  Wincanton,  Somerset;  in 
which  neighbourhood  he  served  an  ap- 
prenticeship to  a  smith  ;  and  when  a  very 
young  man  he  could,  by  his  superior  vi- 
gour, and  the  weight  of  the  hammer  he 
wielded,  produce  double  the  number  of 
nails  in  a  given  time  tbtn  any  competitor. 


He  went  to  Oxford  upwards  of  sixty 
years  ago,  and  more  than  half  a  century 
since  fixed  the  copper  globe  on  the  sum- 
mit of  the  Observatory.  He  possessed 
the  inventive  faculty  in  a  high  degree ; 
and  was  also  exceedingly  curious  and  per- 
severing in  his  inquiries  into  vegetable 
organisation.  In  the  spring  of  the  present 
year  he  might  have  been  seen  several  miles 
from  Oxford  collecting  specimens.  For 
many  years  he  wrought  as  a  gunsmith, 
and  enjoyed  a  high  reputation  in  his  trade ; 
but  he  was  essentially  a  projector ;  con- 
tinually devising  some  new  thing,  from 
the  culture  of  the  potato  to  some  of  the 
most  difficult  tasks  of  the  mechanic  and 
engineer.  At  different  times  he  obtained 
no  less  than  ten  patents  for  various  useful 
inventions. 

In  the  summer  of  1841  he  made  a  dis- 
covery relative  to  the  growth  of  trees,  for 
which  Lord  Abington  gave  him  the  sum  of 
five  pounds.  Several  years  ago  he  taught 
Sir  Robert  Peel,  then  a  member  of  Christ 
church,  the  art  of  working  in  iron  ;  and 
many  distinguished  members  of  the  Uni- 
versity delighted  to  witness  his  labours, 
and  listen  to  bis  unaffected  and  curious 
conversation.  On  one  occasion  he  was 
the  companion  of  Sadler,  the  aeronaut,  in 
a  balloon  excursion. 

He  was  three  times  married,  and  had  a 
family  of  thirteen  children,  the  eldest  of 
whom,  now  surviving,  is  sixty  years  of 
age,  the  youngest  an  infant  of  two  years. 
Up  to  a  very  recent  period  he  exhibited  no 
marked  symptoms  of  either  mental  or  bo- 
dily decay ;  and  at  Christmas  last  he  ad- 
dressed a  large  n^eeting  at  a  temperance 
festival.  The  nilost  remarkable  hici  in 
connection  with  his  long  life  and  great 
vigour  is,  that  he  was  the  son  and  grand- 
son of  water-drinkers.  The  united  ages 
of  these  three  persons  exceeded  three  cen- 
turies; the  grandfather  attaining  108 
years,  the  father  to  102.  Two  facts  ex- 
hibit the  strength  and  consistency  of  his 
attachment  to  the  simple  element  water ; 
when  a  young  man  he  was  threatened 
with  strong  drink  upon  compulsion ;  he 
at  length  defended  himself  by  a  blow 
which  broke  his  assailant's  jaw  bone ;  and 
when  the  lamp  of  life  was  flickeriug  he 
steadfastly  refused  to  take  wine  ordered 
by  his  medical  attendant,  and  made  it  one 
of  his  last  re<^uest8  that  there  mi^ht  be  no 
drinking  at  his  funeral.  This  highly  in- 
telligent and  interesting  man  died  in  po- 
verty,  and  has  left  a  widow  to  struggle 
with  the  world. 


Mr.  John  Clay. 

Lately.    At  Rastrick,  near  Halifaz^in 

his  70th  year,  Mr.  John  Chiy,  one  of  the 

Society  of  Friends,  who  during  his  life 

approved  bimselfi  on  ail  oocMionsi  tl^e 


660 


Clergy  Deceased. 


[Dec. 


steady  supporter  of  the  cause  of  charity. 
He  has  left  behind  him  very  substantal 
proofs  of  his  care  and  concern  for  the  spi- 
ritual  as  well  as  secularwelfareof  the  poor, 
in  the  various  bequests  contained  in  his 
will,  among  which  are  the  following  : 
1000/.  to  endow  a  school  for  the  poor  at 
Rastrick ;  500/.  for  the  support  of  Mora- 
vian missions;  500/.  for  the  British  and 
Foreign  School  Society;  100/.  for  the 
Halifax  Intirmary;  and  2000/.  for  the 
Huddersfield  Infirmary. 

This  last  munificent  bequest  was  com- 
municated at  the  late  General  Meeting 
of  the  Governors  of  the  Huddersfield 
Infirmary;  and  the  letter  of  Mr.  J. 
Travis  Clay,  nephew  of  the  deceased, 
addressed  to  Dr.  Walker,  the  senior  phy- 
sician of  the  institution,  was  read,  it  is 
scarcely  necessary  to  add  that  the  reading 
of  this  letter  gave  rise  to  the  warmest  ex- 
pressions of  gratitude  on  all  sides,  and  a 
general  desire  evinced  to  shew  every  mark 
of  respect  to  the  memory  of  the  deceased. 
A  resolution  expressive  of  the  condolence 
of  the  meeting  with  the  widow  was  unani- 
mously voted,  as  well  as  a  request  that 
she  would  allow  a  copy  of  a  portrait  of  so 
great  a  benefactor  to  the  infirmary  to  be 
placed  in  some  appropriate  part  of  the 
building.  A  committee  was  formed  to 
carry  this  resolution  into  effect. 

The  deceased  had  avowed  himself  a 
warm  advocate  for  the  establishment  of  a 
Sea-bathing  Infirmary  for  the  benefit  of 
the  sick  poor,  and  had  the  design,  begun 
at  Manchester  more  than  two  years  ago, 
but  suspended  in  consequence  of  the  state 
of  the  times,  been  carried  into  effect,  there 
is  little  doubt  but  that  he  would  have 
given  it  his  powerful  support. 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Sept,  13.  Aged  87,  the  Rev.  John 
Dennis,  Vicar  of  White  Notley,  Essex, 
to  which  he  was  nominated  in  1804  by 
t^  Bishop  of  London. 

Sept,  16.  At  Liddington,  Wilts,  the 
Rev.  Michael  Hare,  Rector  of  that  pa- 
rish. He  was  of  Pembroke  college,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1812  ;  and  was  presented  to 
Liddington  in  1825  by  the  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough. 

At  his  residence  near  Dublin,  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Prior, 'D.'D,  Vice  Provost  and 
Senior  Fellow  of  Trinity  college.  He 
was  a  scholar  in  1787,  B.A.  1789,  elected 
Fellow  in  1792,  and  Vice- Provost  in 
1841.  His  only  daughter,  Mary  Susanna, 
was  married  Oct.  26,  1840,  to  R.  E. 
Phillips,  esq.  only  son  of  Richard  Phil- 
lips, esq.  of  Mount  Rivers,  Tipperary. 

Sept.  20.  Aged  77,  the  Rev.  H,  J. 
Hervey,  forty-nine  years  Vicar  of  Bride- 
kirk,  Cumberland. 


At  Bulstrode,  King's  Langley,  Herts, 
the  Rev.  James  Toulmm^  Domestic  Chap- 
lain to  Earl  Grey ;  formerly  of  Queen's 
college,  Oxford. 

S^t.  21.  At  Wandsworth,  aged  31, 
the  Rev.  Frederick  Wadeson  Shaw,  M.  A. 
Minister  of  St.  Anne's  chapel,  Wands- 
worth ;  fifth  son  of  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Shaw,  Rector  of  High  Ham,  Somerset- 
shire. He  was  of  St.  Catharine  ball, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1837,  He  was  married 
only  two  months  before  his  death  to 
Fanny  Sophia,  only  surviving  daughter  of 
the  Rev.  D.  C.  Delafosse,  M.A.  Vicar 
of  Wandsworth. 

Sept.  23.  At  Kilbride,  co.  Wexford, 
aged  87,  the  Rev.  Roger  Owen,  for  sixty- 
two  years  Rector  of  the  union  of  Camo- 
lin,  in  the  diocese  of  Ferns. 

Sept.  28.  At  Trimfryn,  near  Bangor, 
the  Rev.  JDtmd  Qrmth, 

At  the  vicarage,  Ferns,  the  Rev.  Wal' 
ter  Hore,  Vicar  of  Ferns. 

Sept,  80.  Aged  56,  the  Rev.  William 
Bankes  Winstanley,  Master  of  the  Gram, 
mar  school,  Bampton,  Oxfordshire,  and 
Curate  of  y'elford,in  the  same  county. 

Lately.  At  Trefriw,  near  Aberyst- 
with,  the  Rev.  Morgan  Davies,  Rector  of 
Llanarmon  Dyffryn  Ceiriog,  Denbigbsh. 
in  the  gift  of  the  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph. 

At  Northwood,  Isle  of  Wight,  aged  87, 
the  Rev.  John  PattinsoHt  many  years 
Curate  of  Uiat  place.  He  was  of  Queen's 
college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1782. 

Oct.  1.  Aged  39,  the  Rev.  John  Knight 
Field,  B.A.  Perpetual  Curate  of  St. 
Paul's,  Manchester.  He  was  a  member 
of  St.  Edmund  hall,  Oxford;  and  was 
formerly  Curate  of  St.  James's,  Taunton, 
at  his  quitting  which  town  in  1838,  after 
a  residence  of  only  nine  months,  he  was 
presented  with  a  silver  tea-service. 

Oct,  3.  At  Pontesbury,  Salop,  in  the 
80th  year  of  his  age,  the  Rev.  Hamlet 
Harrison,  B.D.  Rector  of  the  first  portion 
of  Pontesbury,  and  of  Stratford-lc-Bow, 
Middlesex,  and  a  magistrate  for  the  county 
of  Salop.  He  was  a  native  of  Lancashire, 
and  was  the  son  of  respectable  parents, 
though  in  a  humble  station  of  life,  who 
at  the  time  of  his  birth  lived  on  a  farm  in 
the  township  of  Cuerdley}  which  is  in  the 
parish  of  Prescot,  where  he  has  at  this 
time  a  brother  and  other  relatives  resident. 
Owing  to  the  preference  which,  on  ac- 
count of  his  birth  in  the  before-mentioned 
parish,  he  would  be  entitled  to  at  Brazen- 
nose  college,  and  being  a  Ud  of  quick 
parts,  he  was  sent  at  an  early  age  to  the 
University.  He  took  the  degree  of  M.A. 
in  1789;  was  soon  after  elected  a  Fellow 
of  Brazennose  college,  and  was  presented 
by  that  Society  in  1809  to  the  rectory  of 
Stratford-le-Bow.  He  held  for  some 
yean  the  appointment  of  Head  Master  of 


1843.] 


Clerfiy  Deceased* 


6«i 


Brewood  Orammar  School,  the  duties  of 
which  office  he  discharged  with  credit  and 
satisfaction.  Mr.  Harrison  took  the 
degree  of  B.D.  1808.  The  rectory  of 
Pontesbury  he  acquired  by  purchase  jsome 
years  a^o.  He  has  died  a  bachelor,  and 
it  is  belie?ed  has  left  a  large  property  to 
be  divided  amongst  his  relatives. 

At  Kensington  Crescent,  in  his  35th 
year,  the  Rev.  James  Stevens,  B.ector  of 
Chesham  Bois,  Bucks.  He  was  of  St. 
John's  college,  Oxford,  B.A.  1830,  M.A. 
1833. 

At  Cranley,  Surrey^  the  Rev.  Robert 
Barber  Wolfcj  Rector  of  that  parish.  He 
was  for  some  years  one  of  the  detenus  at 
Verdun,  and  published  a  narrative  of  that 
captivity.  He  was  instituted  to  the  rec 
tory  of  Cranley  in  1812. 

Oct,  4.  At  Glastonbury,  aged  34,  the 
Rev.  Henry  Down  Fktssell,  M.A.  of  Sid- 
ney Sussex  college,  Cambridge,  eldest  son 
of  H.  A.  Fussell,  esq.  of  Nunney  house, 
near  Frome.  He  took  his  B.A.  degree 
in  1834. 

At  Clifton,  aged  59,  the  Rev.  Stephen 
Middleton,  B.D.  of  Douglas  Lodge,  Chel- 
tenham. He  was  formerly  of  Queen's 
college,  Cambridge,  B.D.  1826. 

At  Manor-house,  Longhope,  Glou- 
cestershire, aged  82,  the  Very  Rev. 
John  Probyn,  for  fifty-seven  years  Dean 
and  Archdeacon  of  Llandaff,  and  forty- 
three  years  Vicar  of  Matheme  with  Caer- 
went,  Monmouthshire,  in  the  patronage 
of  the  church  of  Llandaff.  An  Order  in 
Council  has  appeared  in  the  London 
Gazette,  announcing  that  the  deanery  and 
archdeaconry  of  Llandaff  will  henceforth 
be  disunited  and  become  two  distinct 
dignities. 

Oct,  6.  At  Symondsbury,  aged  56,  the 
Rev.  Francis  Oakley,  Vicar  of  Bradpole, 
Dorset, 

Oct.  7.  At  Stanley  Hall,  near  IVipon, 
aged  38,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Edwards  Han' 
kinson,  M.A.  Incumbent  of  St.  Mat- 
thew's chapel,  Denmark  Hill,  Camber- 
well.  Mr.  Hankinson  highlv  distinguished 
himself  at  Cambridge,  wnere  he  was  a 
member  of  Corpus  Christi  college,  and 
graduated  B.A.  1828  as  10th  Junior 
Optime,  M.  A.  1831.  He  was  nine  times 
victorious  in  competing  for  the  Seatonian 
prize,  firstly  in  1831,  and  lasO^  in  1842 ; 
in  1839  he  was  not  a  competitor.  The 
poems  on  "  David  playing  tne  harp  before 
Saul,*'  and  "  The  Cross  planted  on  the 
Himalaya  Mountains,"  in  1831  and  1838, 
were  respectively  adjudged  to  be  worthy 
of  an  addition  to  toe  usual  prize;  and 
100/.  was  awarded  to  Mr.  H.  for  each  of 
them.  <<  The  Ministry  of  An^ls,*' which 
was  the  sul^ect  for  1841,  received  a  warm 
pauegyric  from  Mr,  Woidswortlu     In 


addition  to  these  distinctions,  Mr.  H. 
ran  a  close  race  with  Dr.  Wordsworth, 
the  Head  Master  of  Harrow  School,  for 
the  Chancellor's  prize,  when  <<  The  Druids" 
was  the  sul^ect  given  bv  the  University. 
Dr.  W.  was  successful,  but  a  second  re- 
ward was  assigned  to  Mr.  H.  by  the  ex- 
aminers. He  wrote  on  that  occasion  in 
the  Spenserian  stanza;  Dr.  W.  having 
chosen  the  usual  heroic  measure.  The 
other  academical  distinctions  gained  by 
Mr.  H.  were  high  also;  he  having  been 
placed  in  the  first  class  in  the  annual  claji. 
sical  Tripos,  on  which  occasion  he  was 
bracketed  with  Perry,  the  Senior  Wrangler 
of  the  same.  year.  His  friends  contem* 
plate  the  publication  of  his  ResMuns,  con- 
sisting of  Sermons,  Letters,  and  Poems. 

Oct,  8.  Aged  68,  the  Rev.  John  Wih 
liam  Robert  Boyer,  Rector  of  Swepston 
with  Snareston,  Leicestershire.  He  was 
of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1797; 
and  was  instituted  to  his  living  in  1832. 

Oct.  9.  At  Leamington,  the  Rev.  TkO' 
mas  Levett,  of  Packington  Hall,  near 
Lichfield. 

Oct.  11.  Aged  84,  the  Rev.  Niehohs 
Spenser,  for  fifty  years  Vicar  of  Halse, 
Somerset,  to  which  he  was  presented  in 
1793  by  Sir  James  Langham,  Bart. 

Oct.  13.  At  Penmark,  Glamorganshire^ 
the  Rev.  John  Thomas  Casberd^  D.C.L. 
Vicar  of  that  parish,  and  of  Llanover, 
Monmouthshire,  and  a  Prebendary  of 
Wells  and  lilandaff.  He  was  of  St.  John's 
college,  Oxford,  B.  and  D.C.L.  .17901 
was  collated  to  the  prebend  of  Combe  the 
15th  in  the  cathedral  church  of  Wells,  by 
Bishop  Moss,  in  1787 ;  presented  to  the 
vicarage  of  Penmark  in  1803,  by  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  of  Gloucester;  collated  to 
the  prebend  of  Fairwell,  in  the  cathedral 
church  of  Llandaff,  in  1819;  and  pre- 
sented to  the  vicarage  of  Llanover  by  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  of  Llandaff,  in  1823. 

Oct.  16.  At  Gravesend,  aged  44,  the 
Rev.  Daniel  Edward  Stephens,  Curate 
of  Trinity  church,  St.  Giles's,  London. 

Oct,  17.  At  Whimple,  Devonshire,  in 
his  90th  year,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Heberden, 
Rector  of  that  parish,  Canon  Residentiary 
of  Exeter,  and  a  Prebendary  of  Chiches- 
ter and  Wells.  He  was  formerly  Fellow 
of  St.  John's  college,  Cambridge,  where 
he  graduated  B.A.  1775,  as  Senior  Wrang- 
ler, M.A.  1778.  He  was  coUated  to  a 
prebend  of  Exeter  in  the  same  year,  to 
one  at  Chichester  in  1784,  and  to  one  at 
Wells  in  1786;  and  was  presented  to  the 
rectory  of  Whimple  in  the  latter  year  by 
the  Duke  of  Bedford.  He  murried  in 
1784  Althea-Hyde,  second  daughter  of 
the  Rev.  Francis  WoUaston,  LL.B.  Rec- 
tor of  Chiselbunt,  and  Precentor  of  St* 
Dand'8. 


662 


Clergi/  Deceased. 


[pec. 


Oct.  18.  At  Willingale,  Essex,  aged 
76,  the  llcv.  John  Deedet,  Rector  of 
Willingale  Doe  and  Langenhoe.  He  was 
of  Oriel  college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1792; 
was  presented  to  the  former  church  in 
1806,  by  T.  W.  Bramston,  esq.  and  to  the 
latter  in  1809,  by  the  Earl  of  Waldegrave. 

At  the  residence  of  his  nephew  at 
Leamington,  the  Rev.  William  Mandell, 
B.D.  Senior  Fellow  and  late  Tutor  of 
Queen's  college,  Cambridge,  He  gra- 
duated B.A.  1803,  as  M.A.  1806,  and 
B.D.  1815.  His  extensive  library  of  di- 
vinity, including  a  collection  of  minerals, 
coins,  and  antiquities,  was  sold  by  auction 
at  Cambridge  on  the  22d  November  and 
two  following  days. 

Oct.  19.  At  Bristol,  on  his  way  from 
Waterford  to  London,  aged  38,  the  Rev. 
S.  M.  Morgan t  M.A.  Secretary  to  the 
Irish  Society  of  London  for  prom'>ting 
the  Education  of  the  Native  Irish  through 
the  medium  of  their  own  language. 

Oct.  22.  At  Colyton  Rawleigh,  Devon, 
in  his  70th  year,  the  Rev.  Robert  Greeri' 
woody  Vicar  of  that  parish.  He  was  of 
Brazenosc  college,  Oxford,  M.A.  1800, 
and  was  presented  to  his  living  by  the 
Dean  of  Exeter  in  1809. 

Oct.  23.  At  Essendon,  Herts,  aged  83, 
the  Rev.  Robert  Orme,  for  fifty-two  years 
Rector  of  that  parish,  with  Bay  ford, 
Vicar  of  All  Saints,  Hertford,  and  one 
of  Her  Majesty's  Chaplains  in  Ordinary. 
He  was  the  only  son  of  Roger  Orme,  of 
Devonshire,  esq.  by  the  Hon.  Audrey 
Townshend,  only  daughter  of  Charles  third 
Viscount  Townshend,  and  sister  to  the 
first  Marquess  Townshend.  He  was  a 
member  of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge, 
and  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  as  a  noble- 
man in  1782  ;  was  presented  to  the  vicar- 
age of  All  Saints  in  Hertford  in  1786, 
by  his  grandmother  the  Viscountess 
Townshend  ;  and  to  the  rectory  of  Essen- 
don in  1790,  by  the  Marquess  of  Salis- 
bury. 

Oct.  24.  At  Torquay,  aged  80,  the  Rev. 
John  Fletcher  Muckleston,  B.D.  Pre- 
bendary and  senior  Priest  Vicar  of  Lich- 
field, Prebendary  of  Wolverhampton,  and 
Vicar  of  Wybunbury,  Cheshire.  He  was 
of  Christ  church,  Oxford,  M.A.  1789, 
B.  and  D.D.  ISl^,  was  presented  to 
Wybunbury  in  1802,  by  the  Bishop  of 
Lichfield  and  Coventry ;  collated  to  the 
Prebend  of  Dernford,  in  the  cathedral 
church  of  Lichfield,  by  Bishop  Cornwallis, 

in  1790. 

Oct,  26.  At  Rolleston  hall,  Leices- 
tershire, aged  48,  the  Rev.  Edward 
Thomas, 

Oct.  27.  In  his  35th  year,  the  Rev. 
Edward  John  Cathrow,  M.A.  late  of 
Qakwood  cottage,  Surrey,  and  formerly 


of  Corpus   Christi  college,    Cambridge, 
B.A.  1832. 

At  Parsloes,  Essex,  aged  71,  the  Rev. 
John  Fanshawe^  Vicar  of  Frodsbnm, 
Cheshire.  He  was  of  Christ  church, 
Oxford,  M.A.  1797;  and  was  presented 
to  his  living  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of 
that  church  in  1818. 

Oct.  29.  At  Wick,  aged  81,  the  Rev. 
John  Richards f  Vicar  of  St.  Donates, 
and  of  St.  Bride's  Minor,  Glamorgan- 
shire. He  was  presented  to  the  latter  by 
the  Earl  of  Dunraven  in  1807,  and  to 
the  former  by  T.  J.  Drake,  esq.  in 
1832. 

Aged  90,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Tannery  for 
sixty- three  years  Incumbent  of  Bradninch, 
Devon,  also  Vicar  of  Burlecombe,  and  of 
Ninehead,  co.  Somerset.  He  was  of 
Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  M.A.  1779, 
was  presented  to  Bradninch  in  1780  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Windsor,  to 
Burlescombe  in  1819  by  W.  A.  Sanford, 
esq.  and  to  Ninehead  in  1835  by  the  Lord 
Chancellor. 

Oct.  31.  Aged  71,  the  Rev.  John 
Hudson,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Kendal,  West- 
moreland. He  was  formerly  Fellow  and 
Tutor  Qf  Trinity  college,  Cambridge.  He 
took  his  B.  A .  degree  as  Senior  Wrangler 
in  1797,  and  proceeded  M.A.  1800.  He 
was  presented  to  the  vicarage  of  Kendal 
in  1815  by  the  college. 

At  Winkfield,  Berkshire,  a^ed  63,  the 
Rev.  William  Lewis  Rham,  Vicar  of  that 
parish,  and  Rector  of  Fersfield,  Norfolk. 
He  was,  it  is  believed,  of  a  German  fa- 
mily,  but  born  in  Switzerland.  He  was  a 
member  of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge, 
and  graduated  B.A.  1806.  M.A.  1810. 
He  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Fers- 
field  in  1803,  by  Fred.  Nassau,  esq.  and 
to  the  vicarage  of  Winkfield  in  1808,  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Sarum.  Mr. 
Rham  was  well  known  as  a  very  able 
writer  on  agriculture,  with  which  subject, 
theoretically  and  practically,  few  men  were 
better  acquainted.  He  contributed  many 
valuable  papers  to  the  Journal  of  the 
Agricultural  Society,  of  which  he  was  a 
member  of  Council,  and  to  the  Penny 
Cyclopaedia ;  and,  in  announcing  his  death 
in  the  Gardeners'  Chronicle,  Dr.  Lindley 
mentions  that  he  was  the  writer  in  that 
Journal  so  well  known  to  its  readers  under 
the  signature  M. 


DEATHS. 

London  and  its  Vicinity. 

Oct.  12.  At  Stomford-hill,  Henry 
Rouse,  esq.  leaving  a  widow  and  four 
children. 

Oct.  18.    In  Grofvenor-pl.  Miss  Aduq 


1843.] 


Obituarv. 


663 


G.  Everett,  eldest  dau,  of  the  American 
Minister. 

At  Perry-hill,  Sydenham,  aged  78, 
George  Halfhide,  esq.  Burgess  of  the 
Court  of  Westminster  for  the  parish  of 
St.  James. 

Oct.  19.  At  Kensington,  aged  29>  Ro- 
bert Downie,  esq.  of  Appin,  Argylesh. 

Aged  45,  Mr.  Edward  Bull,  bookseller, 
of  Holies-street,  Cavendish -square. 

Oct.  20.  In  Foxley-road,  North  Brix- 
ton, Elizabeth-Mary,  wife  of  Adam  Burn, 
eeq.  and  dau.  of  the  late  George  Hall, 
esq.  of  Stannington  Vale,  Northumber- 
land. 

Oct,  21.  In  Broadley-terr.  Blandford- 
square,  aged  62,  William  Pinnock,  esq. 
He  was  the  author  of  the  Catechisms  of 
Useful  Knowledge,  and  a  variety  of  other 
works.  Few  men  ever  contributed  so 
much  to  the  diffusion  of  useful  knowledge. 
He  wrote  and  published  on  almost  every 
subject,  but  his  writings  shew  no  origi- 
nality of  thought.  He  was  remarkable  for 
a  singular  facility  in  adapting  and  arrang- 
ing the  ideas  of  others.  He  was  scarcely 
ever  free  from  pecuniary  difficulties,  caused 
by  his  own  improvidence,  whilst  others 
received  the  reward  of  his  industry. 

In  Cadogan-pl.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  the 
late  James  Morrison,  esq.  formerly  De- 
puty-Master of  the  Mint. 

Oct,  23.  In  Upper  Grosvenor-st.  Ma- 
ria, wife  of  the  Hon,  Frederick  West. 
She  was  the  daughter  and  coheiress  of 
Richard  Myddelton,  of  Chirk  Castle,  co. 
Denbigh,  esq.  by  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Sir 
John  and  Lady  Anne  Rushout ;  became 
the  second  wife  of  Mr.  West  in  1798,  and 
had  issue  two  sons,  of  whom  the  elder 
only  survives,  and  has  a  numerous  family. 

At  Greenwich,  Sophia,  wife  of  John 
Wadman,  esq. 

Oct.  24.  In  Upper  Porchester-street, 
Cambridge -square,  aged  G4,  Thomas  Le« 
mon,  esq. 

At  Hampstead,  aged  64,  William  Lard- 
ner,  esq.  M.D. 

Oct.  25.  In  Sloane-st.  aged  64,  Har- 
riott, relict  of  John  Ellis,  esq.  of  Pen- 
zance. 

At  North  Brixton,  aged  41,  Mr.  Thos. 
Samuel  Ballard,  son  of  the  late  William 
Ballard,  esq.  of  the  City. 

Oct.  26.  In  Parliament-st.  Westmin- 
ster, aged  72,  Mr.  Sam.  Young,  solici- 
tor. 

Oct.  27.  In  Brompton-sq.  Thomas 
Metcalfe,  jun.  esq.  of  Lincoln's  Inn. 

Oct.  28.  Sarah,  wife  of  John  Clarke, 
esq.  of  Heathcote-st.  Mecklenburgh-sq. 

In  River-terr.  Islington,  aged  33,  Lieut. 
Charles  Parbury,  late  of  the  Indian 
Navy. 

Oct.  30.     In  Welbeck-st.  Capt.  Henry 


Seymour,  second  son  of  Henry  Angus* 
tus  Seymour,  esq. 

Aged  61,  William  Lee,  esq.  formerly  of 
the  Custom  House. 

Oc/.  31.  Aged  63,  Mrs.  Dowsing,  of 
Doughty-st. 

Oct,  31.  At  Stamford  ViUas,  in  the 
Fulham-road,  aged  75,  Mrs.  Mary  Peirce. 
The  father  of  this  lady,  Mr.  Bull,  was 
resident  at  Hull  in  Yorkshire;  she  was 
born  at  Guildford  in  Surrey,  where  her 
mother  was  staying  on  a  visit,  on  the  15th 
Oct.  1768.  She  was  niece  of  the  late  Mr, 
George  Wallis,*  of  Hull,  the  celebrated 
antiquarian  gunsmith,  whose  museum  of 
ancient  fire-arms  was  well  known  to  col- 
lectors,  and  the  sale  catalogue  of  which, 
in  1838,  some  years  after  his  death,  formed 
a  full-sized  8vo.  pamphlet.  In  the  year 
1785  she  was  married  to  her  first  husband, 
Mr.  John  Prior,  a  descendant  of  Matthew 
Prior,  the  poet  and  diplomatist,  and  son 
of  the  Rev.  William  Prior,  of  Frome,  a 
clergyman  of  the  church  of  England,  of- 
ficiating minister  at  St.  John's,  Wapping. 
Mr.  Prior  entered  the  Royal  Navy  as  mid- 
shipman, rose  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant, 
afterwards  quitted  it  for  the  merchant  ser- 
vice, and  made  several  voyages  as  a  cap- 
tain to  the  Baltic  and  the  West  Indies. 
By  this  marriage  three  children  were  born, 
two  of  whom,  a  son  and  daughter,  still 
survive.  Many  circumstances  of  her  life 
are  detailed  in  Mrs.  Bray*s  novel,  "  Trials 
of  the  Heart,"  under  the  head  **  Vicissi- 
tudes.'* Mrs.  Peirce  supported  with  a 
firm  and  patient  confidence  in  the  merits 
of  her  Redeemer  a  protracted  and  most 
painful  illness,  and  resigned  at  length, 
without  a  struggle,  her  kind  and  Christian 
spirit  to  Him  who  gave  it.  She  was  in- 
terred on  the  6th  Nov.  in  the  West  Lon- 
don Cemetery,  deeply  lamented  by  nume- 
rous surviving  descendants  and  friends.    < 

At  his  town  residence,  Church-st.  Lam- 
beth, aged  64,  Benjamin  George  Hodges, 
esq.  for  many  years  one  of  the  most  ex- 
tensive distillers  in  the  metropolis.  He 
has  left  a  widow  and  five  children,  two 
sons  and  three  daughters ;  one  of  the  latter 
recently  took  the  habit  and  veil  of  a  **  Sis- 
ter of  Charity,**  at  the  Roman  Catholic 
Convent,  Bermondsey. 

Lately,  In  Henrietta-st.  Covent-gar- 
den,  aged  86,  Mr.  John  Bohn,  long  emi- 
nent as  a  bookseller. 

Aged  65,  Mr.  |Wm.  Moore,  of  PeePs 
Coffee-house,  Fleet-st. 

Nov,  1 .     At  Kennington,  aged  70,  Eli- 

*  A  spirited  portrait  of  Mr.  Wallis  is 
extant,  painted  by  Harrison,  and  engraved 
by  J.  R.  Smith  in  mezzotinto,  represent- 
ing him  in  the  act  of  examining  one  of 
his  curious  hand-guni. 


654 


Obituary. 


{Dec. 


zabetb,  relict  of  Lieut.-Col.  Powell,  of 
the  East  India  Co*s.  Service. 

Aged  70,  Ann,  relict  of  James  John 
Kember,  esq.  of  Brompton. 

Nov,  2.  In  Park-st.  Notting-hill,  aged 
69,  Majorin-Elizabeth,  widow  of  John 
Buschman,  esq.  of  Surinam. 

Nov,  4.  Aged  85,  James  Bourdieu, 
esq.  of  Lime-st. 

In  Dartmouth-row,  Black  heath,  aged  78, 
George  Absolom,  esq.  formerlj  an  emi- 
nent wholesale  grocer,  of  the  firm  of  Ab- 
salom and  Stubbs,  in  Cannon-st.  City. 

Nov,  6.  In  ifork-st.  Gloucester-pl. 
Margaretta-Diana,  widow  of  Capt.  Ed- 
ward Pelham  Brenton,  R.N. 

Nov,  7.  In  Charles  St.  Berkeley-sq. 
aged  65  f  Lady  Mary  Cavendish  Bentinck. 
She  was  second  dau.  of  the  late  Duke  of 
Portland  and  Lady  Dorothy  Cavendish, 
only  dau.  of  WilUam  fourth  Duke  of 
Devonshire. 

Nov.  9.  At  the  house  of  Mr.  Wabc, 
Mead* s* row,  Westminster-road,  aged  72, 
Richard  Vincent,  esq.  He  died  suddenly 
from  apoplexy.  He  was  of  most  eccentric 
habits,  and  nothing  more  was  known  of 
him  than  that  about  thirty-six  years  ago 
he  arrived  in  this  country  from  India, 
where  he  had  amassed  a  large  fortune, 
and  had  ever  since  resided,  a  recluse,  in 
the  house  in  which  he  died.  Verdict — 
"  Natural  death." 

Nov.  10.  Ann,  relict  of  Alexander 
Balmanno,  esq. 

Nov,  11.  Aged  11,  Sophia-Louisa, 
third  and  youngest  dau.  of  Thomas  Havi- 
land  Burke,  esq.  of  Gloucester-pl. 

Aged  63,  Charles  Knight,  esq.  of  Union 
court.  Old  Broad-st. 

In  Great  Suffolk-st.  Joseph  Toulmin 
Barlow,  esq. 

In  Hanover-terr.  Regent*S'park,  aged 
90,  Sarah,  Countess  Dowager  of  Castle- 
Stuart.  She  was  the  daughter  and  co- 
heiress of  the  Hon.  Godfrey  Lill,  Judge 
of  the  Common  Pleas  in  Ireland ;  was 
married  in  1781,  and  left  a  widow  in  1809, 
having  had  issue  the  present  Earl,  one 
other  son,  and  four  daughters. 

In  PortUnd-pl.  aged  7,  Frances  Mary, 
youngest  dau.  of  Sir  W.  Baynes,  hart. 

Nov.  12.  In  York -pi.  Kentish-town, 
aged  78,  Ann-Mary,  widow  of  Mr.  Durs 
Egg,  Pall-mall  and  Knightsbridge-green. 

In  York-st.  Portman-sq.  aged  79,  Ed- 
ward Chapman  Bradford,  esq.  one  of  the 
Elder  Brethren  of  the  Trinity  House. 

In  Claremont-pl.  North  Brixton,  Mar- 
garet- Isabella,  wife  of  W  Lockie,  esq. 

In  John-st.  Bedford-row,  aged  92,  Mrs. 
0*Syth  Dickonson. 

Mr.  Richard  Bassett  Warren,  the 
celebrated  blacking-manufacturer  in  the 
Strand. 

13 


Nov,  13.  At  Carlton  Villas,  Maida 
Vale,  aged  76,  J.  P.  Robinson,  esq. 

Aged  70,  Mary,  relict  of  Wm.  Hill, 
esq.  of  Brixton-hiU,  having  survived  her 
husband  only  thirteen  days. 

Nov,  14.  At  Somerset  House,  Mr. 
John  David  Roberton,  Assistant  Secre- 
tary of  the  Royal  Society.  He  died 
suddenly,  while  reclining  on  a  sofa,  and 
was  not  discovered  for  many  hours  :  he 
was  subject  to  fainting  fits.  Mr.  Roberton 
was  a  very  intelligent  and  obliging  per- 
son, and  his  loss  is  much  regretted. 

Nov.  16.  In  the  Paragon,  New  Kent 
Road,  aged  66 ,  Thomas  Laurence,  esq. 
of  the  firm  of  Streatfeild,  Laurence,  and 
Co.  Leather  and  Hide  Factors. 

At  Clapham-rise,  aged  82,  William 
Gillman,  esq. 

At  Walworth,  aged  74,  Edward  Henry 
Clark,  esq.  late  of  ner  Majesty's  Customs. 


Berks.— Oc/.  23.  At  Bradfield,  Mary, 
wife  of  William  Henry  Walrond,  esq. 

Nov,  3.  At  Reading,  aged  21,  Eliza 
Crauford,  niece  of  the  late  James  Crau- 
ford,  esq.  of  Montague-pl.  Clapham-road. 

At  Sunning  Hill,  Capt.  Edward  Tan- 
chet  Milner,  Bengal  Army. 

Nov,  5.  Aged  66,  Harriot,  wife  of  B. 
Barnard,  esq.  of  Newbury,  Berks. 

At  Crofb  House,  Wallingford,  aged  57, 
John  Field,  esq. 

Nov,  14.  Aged  73,  John  Richard  Bar- 
rett, esq.  of  MUton  House. 

Bucks. — Oct.  4.  At  High  Wycombe, 
aged  66 1  Catharine*  Chapman,  wife  of 
William  Winter,  esq. 

Oct,  6.  At  Woughton  Hall,  aged  78, 
William  Stead,  esq. 

Nov,  2.  Aged  90,  Frances,  relict  of 
the  Rev.  Jo^  Langham  Dayrell,  late 
Rector  of  Lillingston  Dayrell. 

Cambridge. — Oct,  22.  lieut.  Baldry, 
R.N.  for  fourteen  years  assistant  at  the 
Observatory  in  Cambridge. 

Oct,  31.  At  Wisbeach,  aged  66f  Henry 
Le  Grice,  esq.  solicitor,  fourth  son  of 
the  late  Rev.  C.  Le  Grice,  of  Bury  St. 
Edmund's. 

Nov.  3.  At  Cambridge,  William  Bate 
Strong,  esq.  B.A.  (1840),  Trin.  coll.  and 
grandson  of  the  late  Archdeacon  Strong. 

Cheshire.— Oc/.  22.  Aged  68,  Eli- 
zabeth, relict  of  the  Rev.  George  £.  Leigh, 
Incumbent  of  St.  Peter's,  Stockport. 

Cornwall. — Oct,  15.  At  Charles- 
town,  aged  55,  William  Rawlings,  esq.  of 
Saunders  Hill,  a  magistrate  and  deputy 
lieutenant  for  that  county.  He  was  the 
eldest  son  of  Thomas  Rawlings,  esq.  one 
of  the  Deputy  Wardens  of  the  Stannaries, 
by  Margery,  dau.  and  coh.  of  Thomas 
'Bme,  esq.  of  Tr^lds^  through  whom 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


665 


Mr.  RaMrlings  inherited  the  Price  estates 
Id  St.  Werne  and  Withial. 

Oct.  21 .  At  Falmouth,  aged  78,  Wm. 
Gregory,  esq. 

Oct.  27.  At  Saltash,  Simeon  Palmer, 
esq.  Justice  of  the  Peace  of  that  borough. 

Nov,  4.  At  Falmouth,  Susan,  only 
surviving  dau.  of  Wm.  Gay,  esq.  late  post- 
office  agent  for  the  packets  at  that  port. 

Nov.  G.  At  St.  Mary's,  Scilly,  aged 
76,  Mrs.  Johns,  relict  of  John  Johns,  esq. 

Nov.  11.  At  Helston,  aged  73,  Mary, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  T.  Stabback. 

Cumberland. — Oct.  13.  At  Wynne- 
stay  Cottage,  Bootle,  aged  60,  Lieut.  Isaac 
Lasisels  Wynne,  of  the  Royal  Cumberland 
Militia. 

Devon. — Oct.  12.  At  Honiton,  aged 
78,  Rebecca,  relict  of  Mr.  T.  Rippon,  and 
sister-in-law  to  the  late  Rev.  John  Rippon, 
D.D.,  also  mother  of  the  late  Rev.  Tho- 
mas Rippon. 

Oct.  17.  At  Bishopsteigntoo,  aged  85, 
Capt.  Thomas  Veysey. 

Oct.  25.  At  Lawriston  Hall,  Tor, 
Torquay,  aged  57,  Sir  John  Theophilus 
Lee,  G.C.H.  Magistrate  and  Deputy 
Lieut,  for  Middlesex,  Hants,  Devon,  &c. 

Oct.  26.  At  Spreydon,  Broadclist, 
aged  90,  Aaron  Moore,  esq. 

Nov.  1.  At  RuU  Farm,  Uffculm,  aged 
86,  Mr.  John  Salter,  leaving  12  children, 
70  grand-children,  and  20  g^eat-grand 
children. 

Nov.  4.  At  Ashburton,  aged  53,  Mr. 
Skynner,  Member  of  Magdalen  College, 
Cambridge. 

Nov.  5.  At  Tiverton,  Caroline,  widow 
of  John  Robley,  esq.  of  Golden  Grove, 
Tobago. 

Sarah,  wife  of  the  Rev.  T.  V.  Whid- 
borne,  Rector  of  East  Ogwell. 

Nov.  6.  At  Torquay,  George  Hart  Dyke, 
esq.  late  Lieut.-Col.  in  the  Coldstream 
Guards,  son  of  the  late  Sir  John  Dixon 
Dyke,  Bart,  of  Lullingstone  Castle,  Kent. 

At  Magdalen  Hill,  Ann,  relict  of  Hugh 
Oxenham,  esq.  of  Weir. 

Nov.  7.  At  Plymouth,  retired  Com- 
mander George  Lawrence,  R.N.  (1836.) 

Nov.  14.  At  Teignmouth,  Thomas 
Michell,  esq.  late  of  Croftwest,  Cornwall, 
and  only  surviving  brother  of  the  late 
Admiral  Michell. 

Nov.  15.  At  Meeth  vicarage,  aged  51, 
John  Davye  Foulkes,  esq. 

Dorset. — Nov,  4.  At  Lyme  Regis, 
aged  73,  Sarah,  wife  of  Joseph  Waldo,  esq. 

EssKX.— Sept.  23.  Thomas  Wyatt, 
esq.  youngest  son  of  the  late  Richard 
Barnard  Wyatt,  esq.  of  Marshalls,  and 
Hornchurch  Lodge,  and  a  Deputy-Lieut. 
and  Magistrate  of  Essex. 

Oct.  12.  At  Harwich,  Mr.  John  May, 
formerly  one  of  the  aldermen,  and  com- 

Gent,  Mag.  Vol,  XX. 


mander  of  a  mail  packet  boat  to  Gotten- 
burgh. 

Oct.  24.  At  Woodford,  aged  39,  Tho- 
mas Lewis,  esq. 

Nov.  14.  Aged  45,  G.  J.  Fabian,  esq. 
Manager  of  the  Romford  Branch  of  the 
L(mdon  and  County  Joint  Stock  Bank. 
He  was  a  Lieut,  in  the  Navy,  and  several 
years  in  active  service.  He  was  after- 
wards engaged  in  advocating  the  cause  of 
sailors  in  the  Seamen's  Bible  and  other 
societies. 

Nov.  15.  At  the  Grange,  Leyton,  aged 
71,  William  Rhodes,  esq. 

Gloucbstbr. — Oet.7.  At  Tewkesbury, 
aged  83,  Mr.  Edmund  Rudge,  an  opulent 
tanner,  who,  from  his  eccentric  habits, 
parsimony,  and  great  wealth,  had  acquired 
the  appellationof  the  Tewkesbury  Jemmy 
Wood.  * '  He  was  never  married,  and  lived 
entirely  alone,  performing  all  the  drudge- 
ries of  his  domestic  establishment ;  he 
laboured  in  histan^yard  until  within  a  few 
days  of  his  death;  he  had  even  denied 
himself  the  comfort  and  conveniences,  if 
not  the  necessaries,  of  life.  He  died  in- 
testate, and  Mr.  Edmund  Rudge,  jun. 
tanner,  of  Tewkesbury,  his  nephew  and 
heir-at-law,  will  succeed  to  the  real  pro- 
perty, which  is  valued  at  30,000/.  His 
personal  property,  which  is  valued  at 
100,000/.  will  be  divided  between  this 
nephew  and  two  nieces,  Mrs.  Rudge  and 
Mrs.  Lane,  Birdwood,  one  of  whom  is  a 
widow. 

Oct.  10.  At  Bristol,  aged  36,  Mr. 
Thomas  Elliott,  solicitor,  late  of  Hereford, 
and  eldest  son  of  Mr.  Jonathan  Elliott, 
formerly  of  Lower  Blakemere. 

Oct.  20.  At  St.  Margaret's,  aged  78» 
Lieut.-Col.  J.  Carrington  Smith,  a  Magis- 
trate for  the  county. 

Oct.  23.  At  Gloucester,  aged  78,  Henry 
Rumsey,  esq.  late  of  Chesham,  Bucks. 

Aged  68,  Mr.  Jacob  Searle  Field,  of 
Bristol,  having  survived  his  eldest  son 
(the  Rev.  J.  K.  Field,  of  St.  Paul's,  Man- 
Chester)  only  15  days. 

Oct.  29.  At  Bristol,  in  his  73rd  year., 
Mr.  Thomas  Wood,  formerly  of  Treribble, 
in  the  parish  of  Llangarren,  co.  Hereford, 
third  son  of  the  late  John  Wood,  esq. 
Preston  Court,  Gloucestershire. 

Oct.  30.  At  Far  Hill,  near  Stroud, 
aged  92,  Joseph  Grazebrook,  esq.  for 
many  years  the  active  head  of  the  Old 
Stroud  Bank. 

Lately.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  88, 
Martha-Louisa,  relict  of  J.  L.  Williams, 
esq.  late  of  Gwemant-park,  Cardigansh. 
and  second  dan.  of  the  late  Right  Hon. 
Lady  Martha  Saunders. 

Nov.  3.  At  Trafalgar  House,  Chelten- 
ham,  aged  69,  Mrs.  Roberts,  relict  of  T. 
Roberts,  esq.  formerly  of  Pershore. 

4a 


666 


Obituary. 


[Dec. 


Nov.  7.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  85,  Char- 
lotte, relict  of  George  Charleton,  esq.  of 
Roston,  CO.  Donegal. 

At  Clifton  Wood,  aged  97,  Elizabeth, 
relict  of  Levi  Ames,  esq. 

Nov,  11.  At  Clifton,  near  Bristol, 
Frances-Anne,  eldest  dan.  of  the  late  John 
Jones,  esq.  of  Woolley  House,  Bradford, 
Wilts. 

Hants. — Oct,  19.  At  Southsea,  aged 
81,  Rosetta,  relict  of  William  Lewis,  esq. 
formerly  Member  of  Council  at  Bombay. 

Oct,  23.  At  Southsea,  Amelia-Patricia, 
third  dau.  of  Thomas  Galloway,  esq.  M.D. 
Surgeon  R.N. 

Oct,  28.  At  Southampton,  aged  85, 
Mrs.  Anne  Fergusson,  niece  of  the  late 
Adm.  Fergusson. 

Oct,  29.  Mrs.  Henry  Mason,  wife  of 
Capt.  H.  B.  Mason,  R.N.  of  Hilfield. 

Lately.  At  Southampton,  aged  73, 
Miss  Maria  Burdon. 

Nov.  5.  At  Southampton,  Letitia,wife 
of  Capt.  William  Dawson,  R.N. 

Mary-Anne,  wife  of  Benjamin  Mew, 
esq.  of  Newport,  Isle  of  Wight. 

Nov.  13.  At  Winchester,  aged  80, 
James  Farquharson,  esq. 

Herts. — Nov.  4.  At  St.  Alban^s, 
aged  76,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Bennis  ' 
Berry,  esq.  formerly  of  Dover-street, 
Piccadilly,  Chandos-street,  Cavendish-sq. 
and  Hadley  House,  Hadley,  Middlesex. 
It  was  her  unfortunate  fate  through  life 
to  experience  numerous  severe  trials,  to 
which  she  bowed  with  humble  patience 
and  resignation  to  the  all-wise  Disposer 
of  events,  and  departed  this  life  in  hope 
of  a  glorious  immortality,  through  the 
mercy  of  her  Saviour,  leaving  issue  an 
only  son,  in  holy  orders. 

Hereford. — Oct.  30.  At  Berrington 
Hall,  in  his  60th  year,  the  Right  Hon. 
Thomas -James  Harley- Rodney,  fourth 
Lord  Rodney.  He  was  the  second  son 
of  George  second  Lord  Rodney,  and 
brother  of  the  late  peer,  whom  he  suc- 
ceeded in  June  21,  1842.  He  was  un- 
married, and  the  title  now  devolves  upon 
his  next  brother,  the  Hon.  and  Rev. 
Spencer  Rodney,  who  is  also  unmarried. 

Huntingdon. — Nov,  3.  At  St.  Neof  s, 
Anne,  wife  of  Thomas  S.  Darnell,  esq.  and 
eldest  dau.  of  Capt.  Hanslip,  late  of  Nor- 
man Cross. 

Kent.—  Oct,  14.  At  Lyminge,  aged  40, 
Mr.  W.  Castle,  second  son  of  R.  Castle, 
esq.  of  Bargrove,  near  Hythe. 

Oct,  20.  Aged  73,  Alexander  Curling, 
esq.  of  Ramsgate. 

Oct,  23.  At  White  Hall,  Hoo,  near 
Rochester,  aged  76,  Thomas  Comport,  esq. 

Oct,  27.  At  Sittingboume,  aged  50, 
Thomas  Tonge  Vallance,  esq.  Treasurer 
^f  the  county. 


At  Sandwich,  aged  84,  Sarah,  widow  of 
James  Leigh  Joynes,  esq.  of  GniTeaeiid* 

Oct,  29.  At  Deal,  aged  84,  Mrs.  Mary 
Matson,  widow. 

Nov,  1.  At  Rochester,  aged  70,  Joshua 
Kneeshaw,  esq.  Commander  R.N.  He 
was  made  Lieut.  1800,  and  Commander 
1814,  and  received  in  1802  a  pension  for 
the  loss  of  his  right  arm  in  the  service. 

Nov,  2.  At  Hollywood  house,  Frends- 
bnry,  John  Snatt,  esq.  late  Comptroller 
of  her  Majesty^s  Customs,  Rochester. 

Nov.  4.  At  Rochester,  aged  88,  Frances 
Clare,  relict  of  the  Rev.  R.  Bland,  of 
Tunstall,  near  Sittingboume. 

JVov.  5.  At  Runsgate,  George  Telford, 
esq.  eldest  son  of  the  late  George  Telford, 
esq.  of  Widmore. 

Nov.  6.  At  Lee,  aged  100,  Frances, 
relict  of  Joseph  Still,  esq.  of  Lambeth. 

Nov,  8.  At  Chislehnrst,  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Mary  Harding. 

Nov.  10.  In  Spring  Grove,  near  Ash- 
ford,  aged  42,  Thomas  Brandon  Brett, 
esq. 

Nov.  11.  At  Dover,  11  days  after  her 
confinement,  the  lady  of  Robert  Richard- 
son, esq. ;  and  <hi  the  13th  her  infant 
son. 

Nov,  13.  At  Chisleknrit,  Mary,  wife 
of  George  Stone,  esq. 

Lancaster. — Oct.  19.  At  the  Priory, 
Pendleton,  Mabel-Louisa,  relict  of  George 
Gardner,  esq. 

Oct.  26.  At  Manchester,  Baskarvyle 
Glegg,  esq.  of  Backford  Hall,  Cheshire, 
Capt.  12th  Royal  Lancers. 

Oct,  27.  At  Liverpool,  aged  47,  Wil- 
liam Dart,  esq. 

Nov,  7.  Julia,  wife  of  William  Stuart, 
esq.  of  Springfield  Knotty  Ash,  liverpool, 
and  dau.  of  the  late  John  EUas  Moore, 
esq.  of  Charlestown,  Sonth  Carolina. 

Leicester. — Oct,  20.  Aged  upwards 
of  100  years,  Mrs.  Fowkes,  of  Granville 
Lodge,  Hinckley. 

Oct,  30.  At  Cossinrtcm,  Fanny,  wife 
of  Capt.  Augustus  Frederick  Oakes,  As- 
sistant-A^j. -Gen.  of  Artillery,  Madras, 
and  dau.  of  the  late  Henry  Dalby,  esq.  of 
Leicester. 

Nov.  8.  At  Loughborough,  aged  74, 
Wm.  Middleton,  esq.  banker,  of  Lough- 
borough. 

Lincoln. — Oct.  15.  At  Saltfleetby, 
near  Louth,  Thomas  Oldham,  esq.  His 
death  was  caused  by  an  attack  of  para- 
lysis. 

Oct.  19.  At  Gainsborough,  Mrs.  Wors- 
ley,  wife  of  the  Rev.  William  Worsley. 

Oct,  27.  At  his  residence,  Newstead 
Abbey,  near  Brigg,  aged  54,  Mr.  Holmes, 
a  highly  repectable  farmer  under  Earl 
Yarborongh,  and  the  lineal  descendant  of 
the  oldest  family  amongst  his  lordfhip'f 


1843.] 


0 


BITUARY. 


667 


tenantry,  having  been  tinder  the  house  of 
Brocklesby  nearly  300  years. 

Oct.  30.  At  St.  Peter's  Hill,  Stamford, 
aged  93,  Mary,  relict  of  David  Watson, 
esq. 

Middlesex. — Oct,  28.  Miss  Jane  R. 
Nicholls,  of  New  Hampton. 

At  Strawberry  Vale,  Finchley,  aged  16, 
Sarah-Lucy-Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  Henry 
Smith  Cafe,  esq. 

Oct.  30.  At  Ealing,  Mary,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Palmer  Winter,  esq.  of 
that  place,  and  of  Fitzroy-sq. 

Oct,  31.  At  Norwood,  aged  70,  Henry 
Dobbs,  esq. 

Monmouth. — Nov,  5.  At  Tredegar 
Ironworks,  aged  45,  Thomas  Jackson,  esq. 
for  23  years  surgeon  to  the  Tredegar  Com- 
pany. 

Norfolk.— Oe/.  26.  aged  56,  Thomas 
Hudson,  esq.  banker,  of  Norwich. 

Oct.  29.  At  the  rectory,  Denver, 
Lucy-Maria,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Colby  Smith,  M.A.,  formerly  of  Gon- 
ville  and  Caius  Coll. 

Notts.— JVbr.  8.  At  Nottingham, 
aged  87,  John  Attenburrow,  esq.  surgeon. 

Northampton.— Oc/.  22.  At  North- 
ampton, Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Dr.  Terry,  Rector  of  Wootton. 

Oct.  28.  At  Oundle,  Maria- Anne,  wife 
of  Job  Watson,  esq.  surgeon. 

Noff.  11.  Mrs.  Carrington,  relict  of 
Henry  Carrington,  esq.  of  Carsdale  Hall. 

Northumberland.  —  Oct.  14.  At 
Bywell  Hall,  aged  84,  John  Atkinson, 
esq.  late  of  Maple  Hayes,  near  Lichfield. 

Oct.  20.  At  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  aged 
65,  Thomas  Du  Buisson,  esq.  of  Wands- 
worth Common.  This  celebrated  mer- 
chant has,  by  his  will,  on  half  a  sheet  of 
note  paper,  in  his  own  handwriting,  dis- 
posed of  the  sum  of  111,000/.  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner  :  viz.  to  his  wife  31,000/. 
to  his  daughter  Elizabeth  25,000/.  to  his 
daughter  Lucy  25,000/.  and  to  his  son 
James  the  whole  of  his  business  and 
30,000/.  recommending  him  to  employ 
"  great  care,  strict  attention,  absolute  in- 
dustry, and  economy  '*  towards  improv- 
ing it. 

Oct.  21.  At  Low  Elswick,  near  New- 
castle-upon-Tyne, aged  21 ,  Ellen  youngest 
child  of  the  late  Nicholas  Temperley,  esq. 
of  Wanstead,  Essex. 

Oxford. — Oct,  14.  At  Tetsworth,  aged 
55,  Miss  Latham. 

Salop.— Oc/.  16.  At  Oswestry,  aged 
88,  the  relict  of  John  Stoakes,  esq. 

Oct.  18.  Aged  76,  Miss  Tipton,  of 
Little  Wenlock. 

Nov.  1 .  At  Shrewsbury,  aged  78,  Wil- 
liam Harley,  esq. 

Nov.  6.  At  Oswestry,  aged  46,  Mary- 
Ann,  wife  of  Mr.  W.  N.  Varty,  of  Bishops- 


gate-st.  Within,  and  eldest  dau.  of  Thos. 
Boyd,  esq.  of  Ward's  House,  Hackney. 

Somerset. — Oct.  7.  At  Chedzoy,  in 
the  house  in  which  he  was  born  and  had 
always  resided,  aged  92,  Francis  Adams 
Stradling,  esq.  As  he  was  the  oldest  free- 
mason in  the  province  of  Somerset,  the 
apron,  gauntlets,  royal  arch  scarf,  jewel, 
&c.  were  placed  on  his  coffin,  and  the 
banner,  which  now  hangs  over  it,  was 
borne  to  the  grave  by  his  venerable  hunts- 
man,  83  years  of  age.  A  fire  ignited  by 
his  ancestor,  John  Stradling,  esq.  in  the 
year  1672,  has  always  been  carefully  pre- 
served, and  still  bums  on  the  hearth  of 
the  hall. 

Oct.  18.  At  Bath,  aged  68,  Ann,  relict 
of  Thomas  Gayfere,  esq.  late  of  Abingdon- 
st.  Westminster. 

Oct.  22.  At  Bath,  aged  72,  Mary, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  C.  Johnson,  Rector  of 
South  Brent,  and  Prebendary  of  Wells, 
dau.  of  Archdeacon  and  grand-dau.  of  Dr. 
Willes,  late  Bishop  of  the  diocese. 

At  Bath,  aged  90,  Mrs.  Amelia  Har- 
rison. 

At  Yeovil,  aged  31,  George  Augustus 
Place,  esq.  surgeon,  of  Wimborne  Min- 
ster, Dorset,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev. 
Mathew  Wasse  Place,  Rector  of  Ham- 
preston,  Dorset. 

Oct.  Sib.  At  Bath,  aged  73,  Thomas 
Anstey,  esq.  formerly  of  the  Madras  Civil 
Service. 

Oct.  26.  At  Bath,  Anna-Maria,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  Alexander  Scott. 

Oct.  30.  At  Bath,  aged  84,  Mrs.  Re- 
becca Workman,  only  surviving  dau.  of 
the  late  Robert  Tyrrel  Workman,  esq.  of 
fiarbadoes. 

Oct.  31.  At  Bath,  Miss  Hone,  late  of 
Great  Marlow,  Bucks. 

Lately.  At  Bath,  aged  55,  Jane,  wife 
of  John  Clayton,  esq.  of  Enfield  Old  Park, 
Middlesex. 

At  Bath,  Henry  Pooley,  esq.  Captain 
Royal  Engineers. 

At  Bath,  Anna-Maria,  dau.  of  the  late 
S.  Pococke,  esq.  of  Adbury-house,  Hants. 

At  Chilcompton,  near  Bath,  aged  82, 
Thomas  Mudge,  esq. 

Nov.  10.  At  Frome,  aged  37,  Francis 
John  Bush,  esq. 

Nov.  14.  Aged  84,  Edward  Earl,  esq. 
many  years  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Customs  in  Scotland. 

Stafford.  —  Oct,  16.  At  his  seat, 
Hanch  Hall,  near  Lichfield,  aged  86,  Jolm 
Breynton,  esq. 

Lately.  Aged  37,  George  Philip,  eldest 
son  of  the  late  John  Bradley,  esq.  of 
Kingswinford. 

Nancy,  wife  of  Mr.  Knight,  of  Alder- 
gate  House,  Tamworth,  and  only  child  of 
the  late  Major  Johnson,  of  Worcester, 


668 


Obituary. 


[Dec. 


Nor.  6.  At  Burton-on-Trent,  aged  43, 
Frances,  dau.  of  the  late  T.  Worthing - 
ton,  esq. 

Nov,  10.  At  Wigginton  Lodge,  Tam- 
worth,  aged  82,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  John 
Clarke,  esq.  M.D. 

Suffolk. — Oct.  25.  At  Sudbury,  aged 
71),  Bran  white  Oliver,  esq. 

Oct.  30.  At  Henley  Hall,  aged  61), 
Miss  Ibbetson,  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  James 
Ibbetson,  Bart,  and  aunt  to  the  present 
Baronet. 

Nov.  7.  At  Sudbury,  aged  83,  Sir 
Lachlan  Maclean,  M.D.  He  was  the  se- 
venth son  of  Dr.  Maclean,  of  the  Isle  of 
Skye,  who  distinguished  himself  in  1745 
in  defence  of  the  Hanoverian  succession. 
Sir  Lachlan  was  knighted  July  18,  1812, 
being  then  an  Alderman  of  Sudbury. 

Nov,  7.  At  Stowmarketi  Chas.  Shake- 
shaft,  esq.  of  Keppel-place,  Fulham-road. 

Surrey. — Oct,  30.  Harriet,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  James  Carter,  esq.  of 
Barnes. 

Oct,  31.  At  Epsom,  aged  89,  Elizabeth, 
relict  of  Suthurton  Roberts,  esq. 

Aged  81,  Rich.  Curtis,  esq.  of  Brixton. 

Nov.  2.  At  Croydon,  Mary,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Robert  Harris,  esq.  one 
of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  Surrey. 

Nov.  3.  At  Elderslie,  near  Dorkhig, 
aged  71,  George  Arbuthnot,  esq. 

Nov.  4.  Aged  73,  Elizabeth- Susanna, 
wife  of  Paul  Stor,  esq.  of  Hill  House, 
Tooting. 

Nov.  13.  At  St.  Katharine's,  near 
Guildford,  aged  68,  Anne,  widow  of 
James  More  Molyneux,  esq.  of  Losely- 
park,  Surrey. 

Sussex. — Oct,  18.  At  Seaford,  aged 
38,  Peter  Wright,  esq.  of  the  Inner  Tem- 
ple, and  second  son  of  the  late  Rer.  Peter 
Wright,  formerly  Rector  of  Mark's  Tey, 
Essex. 

Oct,  21.  At  Brighton,  aged  53,  Wil- 
liam Money,  esq.  late  of  Hanover-street, 
Hanover-sq.  formerly  House  Surgeon  to 
the  Northampton  Infirmary. 

Oct.  22.  At  Kemp  Town,  aged  72, 
Richard  Steed,  esq. 

Oct.  27.  At  Brighton,  aged  71 ,  Susan- 
nah, relict  of  Andrew  Skinner,  esq.  of 
Knightsbridge. 

At  Boguor,  aged  73,  Diana,  widow  of 
Richard  Nixon,  esq.  of  Highgate. 

Oct.  29.  At  Brighton,  Samuel  Wall, 
esq.  of  Worthy  Park,  Hants. 

Lately,  At  Worthing^  Anne,  relict  of 
John  Kemp,  esq.  late  of  Branches  Park, 
Cowlinge,  Suffolk,  and  of  Edgeworth-pl. 
Horley,  Sussex. 

At  Steyning,  Mrs.  Penfold,  relict  of  the 
Rev.  John  Penfold.  She  was  found  dead 
in  her  bed,  having  been  indisposed  for 
only  a  few  days. 


Nov.  1.  At  Brighton,  Hugh  Maclean^ 
esq.  late  of  Spanish  Town,  Jamaica. 

Nov.  2.  At  Hastings,  Mrs.  Lewis, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  Israel  Lewis,  of  Long 
Ashton,  Somerset. 

Nov.  4.  At  Chichester,  aged  76,  John 
William  Wilkisson,  esq. 

Nov.  11.  At  Bognor,  aged  71,  Isabella, 
widow  of  Thomas  Bartlett,  esq.  late  of 
Bartholomew-  close. 

At  Hastings,  aged  35,  Sarah-Jane,  wife 
of  John  Dick  Burnaby,  esq.  Barrister,  of 
Ashfordby,  Leicestershire. 

Warwick. — Oct.  16.  At  Leamington, 
Lieut.-Col.  Richard  Murray,  late  of  54th 
Regt.  and  son  of  the  late  Lord  Henry 
Murray.  He  married  first,  in  1811, 
Catharine,  dau.  of  John  Joseph  Bacon, 
esq.  by  whom  he  has  left  two  daughters ; 
and  secondly,  in  1819,  Margaret,  dau.  of 
William  Tennison,  esq.  by  whom  he  has 
left  two  sons. 

Oct,\d.  At  Leamington,  Hannah,  dau. 
of  John  Southam,  M.D. 

Oct.  26.  At  Edgbaston,  Sarah,  relict 
of  J.  Fawkener,  esq.  of  Salop. 

Nov.  4.  Aged  86,  Maria,  widow  of  the 
Rev.  John  Lucy,  of  Charlecote  Park. 

Nov.  5.  At  Leamington,  aged  12, 
A  gatha-Prasco via- Aurora,  second  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  George  Macness  Johnson, 
formerly  of  St.  Nicholas's,  Warwick. 

At  York  House,  Leamington,  Eliza- 
Marian,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Charles 
Streynsham  Collinson ,  esq.  of  the  Chantry, 
Suffolk. 

Nov.  10.  At  Stratford-on-Avon,  aged 
57,  Capt.  John  Crawford,  of  the  Indian 
Navy. 

Worcester. —  Oct.  17.  Catharina, 
wife  of  William  Prattenton,  esq.  of  Clare - 
land. 

Novt  L  At  his  residence,  Stonylane, 
Tardebigg,  aged  81,  Thomas  Harris,  esq. 

Nov.  2.  At  the  Heath,  Stourbridge> 
aged  82,  Ann,  relict  of  Edward  Oliver, 
esq.  late  of  Wallescote  House. 

Nov.  5.  At  Worcester,  aged  64,  John 
Williams,  esq.  formerly  brevet  Major  of 
the  49th  Regt. 

Wilts. — Nov.  15.  In  the  Close  of 
Salisbury,  aged  69,  Miss  Wyndham  Port- 
man. 

York. — Oct,  25.  At  Doncaster,  Ca- 
tharine, eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Bacon 
Frank,  esq.  of  Campsall,  near  Don- 
caster 

Oct.  27.  At  Kirkella,  aged  77,  Wil- 
liam Bourne,  esq.  one  of  Her  Majesty's 
Justices  of  the  Peace.  He  was  youngest 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Bourne,  M.A. 
formerly  Master  of  the  Charter  House, 
and  Rector  of  Kirby-under-Dale. 

Nov.  3.  At  Harrowgatei  aged  61,  Rich. 
Fembertoni  esq.  tltiri^  son  of  the  Ut« 


1843.] 


Obituary. 


669. 


Richard  Pembertoa,  esq.  of  Barnes,  Dur- 
ham, a  Magistrate  and  Deputy  Lieutenant 
for  Durham. 

Nov,  4.  At  Leeds,  William  Griffith, 
esq.  nearly  thirty  years  of  the  General 
Post  Office,  and  Inspector  of  Mail  Coaches 
for  the  Manchester  district. 

Nov,  9.  Aged  31,  Robert  Stevens,  esq. 
second  son  of  the  late  Rev.  William  Ste- 
venH,  M.A.  of  Sedbergh. 

Nov.  12.  Aged  ten  months,  Charles 
William  Arthur,  second  son  of  Dr.  Field- 
ing,  F.R.S.  of  Hull. 

Wales.  • —  Sept,  30.  At  Laughame, 
aged  35,  Lieut.  John  Francis  Theophilus 
Starke,  R.N.  (1838)  eldest  surviving  son 
of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Starke,  of  Laugh- 
ame Castle. 

Oct,  15.  At  Burry  Port,  Pembrey, 
Carmarthensh.  aged  43,  Ann,  wife  of  Tho« 
mas  Roderick,  esq. 

Oct,  21.  At  Feme-hill  Villa,  Radnorsh. 
aged  29,  Charles  Wilkins,  esq. 

Oct,  28.  At  Brecon,  Charles  Powell, 
esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple,  and  of  the  South 
Wales  and  Chester  Circuit,  barrister  at« 
law,  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace, 
and  Deputy-Lieut.  of  the  co.  of  Brecon. 
He  was  of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1830,  M.A.  1B3-,  and  was  called  to 
the  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  Nov.  23,  1832. 

Nov,  1.  At  Scotchwell,  near  Haver- 
fordwest, Isabella-Jane,  wife  of  Thomas 
Owen,  esq.  and  dau.  of  the  late  James 
Rule,  esq.  of  Clapham -common,  Surrey. 

Nov,  4.  At  Llandough  Castle,  near 
Cowbridge,  aged 65,  Lieut.-Col.  Morgan. 

Scotland.  —  Oct,  13.  John,  eldest 
son  of  John  Heriot,  esq.  of  Fellowhills, 
Berwicksh. 

Oct,  14.  At  Kilmarnock,  aged  84,  Ro- 
bert Grieve,  esq. 

Oct,  16.  At  Edinburgh,  Alexandrina, 
third  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  James  Reid, 
Minister  of  Kinglassie. 

Oct,  23.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  83, 
George  Gowan,  esq.  architect. 

Oct.  24.  At  Edinburgh,  Mrs.  Helen 
Gibsone,  of  Pentland,  only  child  of  the 
late  Sir  John  Gibsone,  Bart. 

Oct,  26.  At  Craigend,  Bridget-MiUi- 
gan,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Forsyth. 

At  Edinburgh,  Mrs.  Chambers,  relict 
of  Mr.  James  Chambers,  of  Peebles,  and 
mother  of  Messrs.  W.  and  R.  Chambers, 
Publishers,  Edinburgh. 

Oct,  30.  At  Langholm,  Dumfiie^h. 
aged  30,  Mr.  Alexander  Esplin,  of  the 
Royal  Hospital,  Greenwich. 

Oct,  31.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  67,  Thos. 
Hamilton    Miller,    esq.    Advocate,    and^ 
Sheriff  of  Selkirksh. 

Nov.  3.  At  Paisley,  Capt.  Robert  Phil- 
lips,  late  of  the  40th,  Barrack  Master 
of  Paisley  and  DumbaftQU^ 


Ireland.-t-Oc/.  19.-  At  Dublin,  aged 
44,  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.- 
Col.  George  Skyring,  Royal  Art. 

Oct,  20.  At  Belfast,  aged  43,  Thomas 
James  Moyle,  esq.  Capt.  66th  regt.  and 
formerly  of  the  18th  Royal  Irish  xegt. 

Oct,  22.  At  Newbridge,  Mary-Catha- 
rine, relict  of  the  Rev.  Richard  Vivian, 
late  Rector  of  Bushey,  Herts. 

Oct,  25.  At  Tullydowey,  co.  Tyrone, 
Sarah-Eyre,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Very 
Rev.  James  Edward  Jackson,  Dean  of 
Armagh. 

Oct,  27.  At  Kilkee,  aged  18,  Rebecca, 
dau.  of  Charles  H.  Minchin,  esq.  of  Rut- 
land, King's  CO. 

Nov.  9.  Jane,  eldest  dan.  of  the  late 
Andrew  Hearne,  esq.  of  Hearnesbrook, 
CO.  Galway. 

Nov.  10.  At  the  Cove,  Alice- Jane, 
wife  of  Capt.  Pyner,  5th  Fusiliers,  and 
eldest  dau.  of  John  Bolden,  esq.  of  Hy- 
ning  Hall,  Lancashire. 

Lately.  Andrew  Finucane,  esq.  of  En- 
nistymon  House,  county.  Clare,  who  has 
bequeathed  300/.  to  the  Mendicity  Society 
of  Dublin,  200/.  to  the  indigent  room- 
keepers  of  Dublin,  300/.  to  the  poor  of 
Cork,  300/.  to  the  poor  of  Limerick,  300/. 
to  the  poor  of  Ennis,  300/.  to  the  poor  of 
Ennistymon,  and  300/.  to  the  poor  tenants 
on  his  estates.  Probate  was  granted  on  , 
the  9th  of  Sept.  last  to  Honora  Slat- 
tery. 

Jersey. — Nov,  11.    At  St.   Helier*s, 
Eustatia  Davie,   dau.   of  the  late  John 
Davie,  esq.  of  Orleigh  Court,  North  De- , 
von,  and  relict  of  Major  Shairp,  of  Kirk- 
ton,  Linlithgowshire. 

East  Indies. — June  27,  At  Vizaga- 
patam,  Capt.  William  Patrick  Deas,  6th 
Madras  Light  Cavalry,  eldest  son  of  the 
late.Lieut.-Col.  Deas. 

July  2.  At  Banda,  aged  19,  Robert, 
third  son  of  the  Rev.  Edward  Vincent,  of 
Rowde,  Ensign  67th  Nat.  Inf. 

July  22.  At  Taranah,  aged  22,  Lieut. 
Joseph  Pyke,  9th  Bombay  Nat.  Inf. 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Geo.  Pyke, 
of  Baythome  Park,  Essex. 

Aug.  1.  At  Bombay,  Capt.  Alfred 
Bradford,  of  the  13th  Bombay  Nat.  Inf. 

Aug.  6.  At  Benares,  aged  57 r  Col. 
Wredeiihall  Robert  Pogson,  commanding 
47th  regt.  of  Bengal  Inf.  fourth  son  of 
the  late  Bedingfield  Pogson,  esq.  of  Sut- 
ton, Surrey,  and  grandson  of  John  Pogson, 
esq.  late  of  Deep  Bay  Estate,  St.  KiWs, 
and  of  Downsal  hall,  Essex. 

Aug.  7.  At  Calcutta,  aged  19,  Fre- 
derick Dalton,  eldest  son  of  Mr.  and  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  Charles  Boulton,  of  Brighton. 

Aug.  25.  At  Bangalore,  aged  33, 
Major  J.  P.  Hickman,  15th  (King's) 
Hussars,  youa^est  soa  of  the  late  Henr^ 


670 


Obituary. 


(pec. 


Hickman^  esq.  of  Newnham,  eo.  North- 
ampton. His  death  was  occaaioned  by  a 
fracture  of  the  skull,  from  his  horse  hay- 
ing run  away  and  dashed  him  violently 
against  the  entrance  gate  of  his  dwelling. 

Lately,  At  Goruckpore,  Capt.  F.  R. 
Ellis,  4l8t  Nat.  Inf.  and  eldest  son  of  the 
late  Capt.  Thomas  Ellis,  of  Ty  Dee  Park, 
Monmouthsh. 

West  Indies.  —  Jm{^.  31.  Arthur, 
third  son  of  the  Rer.  S.  Webber^  Vicar 
of  Tisbory.  He  was  an  officer  of  her 
Majesty's  steamer  Severn,  and  was  drown- 
ed, whilst  bathing,  at  Kingston,  Jamaica. 

Sept,  20,  At  St.  Croix,  Elixabeth,  wifb 
of  William  Stedman,  esq.  M.D.  K.D. 

Sept,  23.  At  Ireland  Island,  Bermuda, 
Capt.  Fenwick,  Royal  Eng.  son  of  the  late 
Major  Fenwick,  of  the  Royal  Art. 

Oct,  . .  At  Bermuda,  aged  38,  Capt. 
B.  Newman,  20th  regt.  second  son  of 
Thomas  Newman,  esq.  of  Nelmes,  Essex. 

Abroad. — July, .  On  his  passage  home 
from  Sierra  Leone,  Capt.  Joseph  Covey, 
of  Grove  Cottage,  Hythe. 

Aug,  23.  At  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
Lady  D'Urban,  wife  of  Lieut.*Gen.  Sir 
Benjamin  D'Urban. 

Aug,  26,  At  Fergus,  Upper  Canada, 
aged  23,  William,  youngest  son  of  J. 
Pewtner,  esq.  of  the  Bank  of  England, 
and  Park*crescent,  Stockwell. 

Aug,  37.  At  Chambly,  Canada,  aged 
23,  Sarah  Pearson,  wife  of  George  Dance, 
esq.  of  the  Tlst  Regt.  and  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  Henry  William  Rawlins,  Rector  of 
Fiddington,  Somerset. 

At  Bruges,  aged  75,  Edward  Gattey, 
esq.  many  years  Town  Clerk  of  Exeter. 

At  Baden-Baden,  aged  61,  Philip  Lay- 
cock  Story,  esq. 

Aug,  38.  At  Paris,  Francis,  eldest  son 
of  William  Witham,  esq.  of  Eaton-sq. 

Aug,  29.  At  Jerez  de  la  Frontera, 
Spain,  aged  35,  John  Joseph,  third  son  of 
John  David  Gordon,  esq.  of  Ward  House, 
Aberdeenshire,  and  Jerez  de  la  Frontera. 

Aug,  30.  At  St.  Andrew's,  New  Bruns- 
wick, Colin  Campbell,  esq.  late  High  She- 
riff of  Charlotte  county,  N.B. 

Sept,  3.  At  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 
at  the  house  of  his  father-in-law  the  Rev. 
George  Haugh,  Charles  James  Cowie,  esq. 
Assistant  Surgeon  Madras  Army,  third 
son  of  the  late  John  Cowie,  esq.  of  Streat- 
ham. 

Sept,  6,  At  Paris,  Samuel  Blyth,  esq. 
late  of  London. 

At  Thun,  in  Switzerland,  aged  45,  Tho- 
mas Teed,  esq.  of  the  Hurst  House,  East 
Moulsey,  Surrey,  and  formerly  of  Stan- 
more,  Middlesex. 

Sept,  10.  At  Ostend,  Sally,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  Charles  Leicester,  Rector  of  the 
Second  Portion  of  Westbnry,  Salop,  and 


dau.  of  the  late  R.  Topp,  etq.  of  Whitton 
HaU. 

Sept,  14.  At  Malta,  Lieut.  Lowry 
Wynne,  Royal  Art. 

Sept,  16.  At  Paris,  the  Count  de  To- 
reno,  the  celebrated  Spanish  ex-Minister 
of  Finance  under  the  Regency  of  Queen 
Christina.  His  history  of  the  Spanish 
War  of  Independence  is  a  wcfA.  of  great 
literary  merit.  In  him  Bspartero  has  lost 
one  of  the  most  formidable  of  his  enemies, 
and  Christina  one  of  the  most  nnsem- 
pulous  and  mostpowerftilof  her  partisans. 

At  Surinam,  Issac  Leach,  esq.  only 
surviving  son  of  the  late  John  Leach,  esq. 
of  Lancaster. 

Sept,  17.  At  Munich,  Maria,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  Charles  de  Coetlogon,  Minister 
of  the  English  Chapel  at  tbnt  plaee. 

Sept,  18.  On  his  passage  from  tiie 
West  Indies  to  England,  aged  44,  Alex- 
ander Lamb,  esq.  jun. 

Sept,  33.  At  Paris,  aged  78,  W.  P. 
Hick,  esq.  an  old  inhabitant  of  Lewes, 
and  a  Magistrate  of  Sussex. 

Sept,  36.  At  Toronto,  Canada,  aged 
30,  Harriet-Eugenia,  wife  of  the  JE^. 
Henry  Scadding,  M-.A.,  domestic  chaplain 
to  the  Bishop  of  Toronto. 

Sept,  39.  At  Aix  les  Bains,  Savoy, 
Louisa-Elizabeth,  second  dau.  of  Francis 
Blithe  Harries,  esq.  of  Benthall  HaU, 
Shropshire. 

Aged  75.  John  Falconar,  esq.  her 
Majesty's  Consul  at  Leghorn  during  a 
period  of  nearly  30  years. 

Sqtt,  30.  At  Patras,  Henry  Robin- 
son, esq.  her  Majesty's  Yice-Consul,  as 
also  Manager  of  the  Patras  branch  of  the 
Anglo-Greek  Commercial  Bank,  and  re- 
sident partner  in  the  firm  of  Barff,  Han- 
cock, and  Co. 

Lately, — At  Paris,  of  scarlet  fever, 
Laura,  Teresa,  and  Caroline,  the  three 
only  dans,  of  Ralph  Emerson,  esq.  and 
grand-children  of  the  late  Rev.  Israel 
Worsley,  of  Plymouth. 

At  Vienna,  aged  74,  Madame  Caroline 
de  Pilchar  (n^e  Greinar).  Several  of  her 
works,  for  instance  Urgalyat  have  been 
introduced  into  onr  literature. 

George  Knight,  esq.  Swedish  Consul  at 
the  Havannah. 

At  Paris,  Frances,  eldest  dau.  of  J. 
Jones,  esq.  of  Llanarth,  Monmouthsh. 

Oct,  4,  At  Montreal,  James  Elliott, 
esq.  Deputy-Inspector-Gen.  of  Army 
Hospitals. 

Oct.  6.  At  St.  Maloes,  France,  aged 
16,  Sarah-Eleanor,  youngest  dau.  of  Capt. 
John  Escott,  of  Bedminster. 

Oct,  7.  At  Interlacken,  Switzerland, 
in  her  34th  year,  the  Hon.  Augusta-Mary 
Yelverton,  second  dau.  of  the  Right  Hon. 
Yisconnt  Avonmore. 


1843.] 


Obititary. 


671 


Oct.  ll«  At  Dieppe,  Susan,  wife  of 
Duncan  Mackughlan,  esq. 

Oct,  14.  At  Saybach,  lUyria,  aged  21, 
John  Billingsley,  eldest  son  of  the  Rer. 
G.  T.  Seymour. 

Oct,  26.  At  St.  John,  New  Bruns- 
wick, N.A.  aged  49,  W.  P.  Ranney,  esq. 

Oct.  27.  At  Rome,  Eliza,  wife  of  Wil- 
liam Pennell,  esq.  of  London. 

Oct.  30.  On  his  passage  from  Gibral- 
tar to  England,  aged  56,  Capt.  William 
Granville  Sharp,  Paymaster  of  the  1st 
Battalion  of  the  1st  Royal  Regt. 

Lately, — Doctor  A.  Petit,  who  was 
sent  on  a  scientific  mission  to  Abyssinia 


by  the  Mutevm  of  Katural  History  of 
Paris.  In  crossing  one  of  the  branches 
of  the  Blue  Nile  he  was  seized  by  a 
crocodile  and  devoured. 

Nov.  1.  At  Calak,  John  Parish  Ro- 
bertson, esq.  of  London. 

Nov.  2.  At  Boulogne-sur-Mer,  aged 
49,  Dr.  R.  D.  Mitchell,  late  of  Windsor. 

Nov,  5.  At  Carlsruhe,  aged  70,  the 
Hon.  Robert  Kennedy,  second  son  of 
Archibald,  Earl  of  Cassilis,  and  brother 
of  the  Marquis  of  Ailsa.  He  married 
Miss  Malcolm,  and  had  issue  six  daus. 
and  one  son,  John  Kennedy,  esq.  Secre- 
tary of  Legation  at  Naples. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 
F^om  the  Returns  ieeued  by  the  Registrar  Oeneral. 
Deaths  R£QisT£it£D  from  Oct.  28  to  Nov.  18,  (4  weeks.) 


Males         2231  )  ^o 
Females    2191  J  **^^ 


Under  15 2326^ 

1 5  to  60 1209  (ajso 

60  and  upwards        857  ?**** 
Age  not  specified      30  j 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  Nov.  18. 

Peas. 
1.    a. 
33    3 

PRICE  OF  HOPS,   Nov.  24. 
Sussex  Pockets,  61.  8s.  to  6/.  2f .— Kent  Pockets,  5/.  lOs.  to  9/.  I4s. 


Wheat. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

t.    d. 

t,     d. 

t.     d. 

t.     d. 

1.    d. 

51     1 

31     3 

18    2 

29    9 

31    4 

PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Nov.  24. 
Hay,  21, 10*.  to  4/.  0».— Straw,  \l.  6*.  to  1/.  10*.— Clover,  3/.  0*.  to  51. 0». 

SMITHFIELD,  Oct.  27.    To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  81b«. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Nov.  24. 

Beasts 692      Calves  203 

SheepandLambs   3810      Pigs      367 


Beef. 2«.    6^.  to  3*.  \0d. 

Mutton 2s,  \0d,  to  4*.    ^. 

Veal 25.  \0d,  to  3*.  lOi. 

Pork 3#.    Qd.  to  3#.  lOd, 

COAL  MARKET,  Nov.  24. 

Walls  Ends,  from  16*.  M.  to  21*.  OJ.  per  ton.   Other  sorte  from  14*.  Od.  to  18*.  M. 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  46*.  Od.      Yellow  Russia,  ^Qs.  6d. 
CANDLES,  7*.  6d.  per  doz.    Moulds,  9*.  Od. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Bbotherb,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 

23,  Change  Alley,  Comhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  178.— Ellesmere  and  Chester,  65. Grand  Junction,  146. 

Kennet  and  Avon,   9^. Leeds  and  Liv^ool,  680. Regent's,  22. 

Rochdale,  58. London  Dock  Stock,  96. St.  Katharine's,  105J. East 

and   West  India,  127. London    and  Birmingham    Railway,  218. Great 

Western,  91 1 London  and  Southwestern,  69i. Grand    Junction    Water 

Works,  80. West  Middlesex,  117^. Globe  Insurance,  133^. Guardian, 

45. Hope,  6^. Chartered  Gas,  65^. Imperial  Gas,  85J. Phoenix  Gas, 

35. London  and  Westminster  Bank,  22^.— Reversionary  Interest,  103. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  as  above. 


MtiTEOROLOCnCAL  DIAItY.  by  W.CARY,  Straw 

Frora  (kl.SG  to  Nor.  25, 1843,  liolA  inelmite. 
FiiUrenbcit'B  Therm. 


Sit 


F-liroiil>ei 

•s'J 

liurm 

nil 

1 

1 

W.-atl.er. 

Oct.     • 

. 

e 

til  pt^i 

ae    43 

:*t 

Mt 

as,  aa 

cloiidy.  r«Lr 

:*i 

4'l 

,7i» 

do.  rto.  rain 

28     45 

r*i 

«i 

29     40 

M 

4^ 

do.  fBiC 

M     53 

,V> 

4m 

31   ;  50 

4.'i 

47 

,48  ,c1y.h™vydo.!| 

1      44 

W 

.'ft 

,fil 

Jo.  foggy 

3  1  18 

.w 

.M 

.ftl 

doLidv             ! 

4  1  48 

.w 

49 

,78 

do.  fiiir  foggy 

5      51) 

M 

47 

,97 

(i      -19 

,'>!* 

,'ilJ 

,97 

mill,  cloudy 

.*( 

4.'. 

8  I  5<i 

.'.V 

.•(7 

,57 

cly.lil.rn.fr. 

;« 

;<H 

,93 

lU  1  44 

JG 

41 

,6a 

con  stunt  rain 

■ti  41  ;«),  ( 
47  37  ,  1 
43     38       ,i 


10     i5 


I  foggy  cly.raiti 
.do.  do.  do. 

cldy,fr.fo([gy 
do.  do.  rain 

[fair,  cloudy 

jdo.  do. 


DArLY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 
From  Oct.  27,  lo  Nov.  27,  1843,  loth  incbaivt. 


J.  J.  ARNULL,  Eiigiiah  and  PoreigD  Stock  aod  Share  Broker, 

1,  Bank  Buildings,  LondoD. 

>  HON,  PRINTKRB,   35,   PAI 


INDEX 

TO  ESSAYS,  DISSERTATIONS,  AND  HISTORICAL  PASSAGES. 


*#*  The  Principal  Memoirs  in  the  Obituary  are  distinctly  entered  in 

the  *«  Index  to  the  Essays,'^ 


Abbott,  Mr,  comedian,  memoir  of  324  preservation  of  antiquities  at  Rometd. 

Abercrmnby,    Sir  R,   fall   of,  in  Egypt         coins  at  Rohne,  ib»  Saxon  coins,  near 
374,  note  Alfriston  t^.     Roman  remains  in  Bi- 

Abergavennj/f  Earl  oft  memoir  of  90.  sbopsgate-street  639 

Aburyj  circular  temples  at  364  Antiquities,     English     303.       Foreign, 

Achilles  and  the  Tortoise  39  Egyptian,  and  Chinese  304 

Acropolis  of  Athens,  ruins  discovered  in  Antoninus,  Wall  of  eastern  terminus  of  77 

b'iX,  et  seq,  Appeldercomhe,  pictures  at  350,  note 

Afghanistan,  alleged  excesses  in  308  Apse,  on  the  proper  use  of  370 

Agricultural  Society,  Royal,  Annual  Arch  Druid,  Supreme  Being  addressed 
meeting  of  184  by  the  title  of  362 

Akerman,  J,  Y,  New  Testament  pre-  Archaeological  Institution  o^  RofBoe  419. 
paring  by  627  Society  of  Berlin,  ib, 

Albert,  Prince,  bronze  figures,  presented  Archaeological  researches  in  Greece  521 

by,  to  Her    Majesty  62,  present  at  Architects,  British,  proceedings  of  Royal 
the  launch  of  the  Great  Britain  309.        Institute  of  296 

of  his  birth. day,  424  Architecture,  Church,  ancient  and  mo- 

Albert  VII,  of  Austria,  portrait  of  578  dern  367 

Algerian  Antiquities  191  AtHstotelian  Logic,  notice  of  38 

Algiers,  French  conquests  in  307  Arnaulds,  The  146 

Alison,  bis  conversation  characterized  10  Art,  sacrifices  required  in  the  practice 

Allen,  J,  Esq,  memoir  of  dd  of  1 16 

AUston,  Mr,  W.  memoir  of  324  Art,  works  of,    pleasure   from  whence 

American  war,  notion  entertained  of  its        derived  453 

commencement  241,  no/tf  Arts,   cultivation  of  the,  by  Catholics 

Anchor,  found  in  the  Fleet  Ditch  417  and  Protestants  27 

Angelo,  M,  character  of  his  works  465  Arts,  Fine,  Royal  Commission,  notices 

Angers,  proceedings  of  the  Scientific  for  further  competitions  61.  archi- 
Congress  at  529  tectural    drawings.   Royal    Academy 

Antarctic  Expedition,  proceedings  and  288.  new  pictures  at  Berlin  290. 
return  of  642  frescoes,  ornamental  pavements,  &c* 

Antiquarian  Researches,  77*  189,303,  designs  for,  advertised  by  the  commis- 
416,521,636  sioners    411.    colossal    statues — me- 

Antiquaries,  Society  of,  ]ttoit^A\i^g%Qi  11,  dal  in  commemoration  of  the  royal 
636  visit  to  the  Chateau  d'Eu  630.     For. 

Antiquities,  city  wall  77.  brasses,  &c.  ib,  trait  Gallery,  Dublin  Castle — Associa- 
censer  at  Kyn  Gadel  78.  Roman  tion  for  promoting  Fine  Arts  in  Scot- 
earthen  urns  at  Colchester  189*  coins  land^-Norwich  Art  Uuion^distrihu- 
ib,  Samian  ware  ib,  brass  figure  of  tion  of  Mr.  Boys's  Fine  Art  Prizes — 
Jupiter  ib.  girdle  of  solid  gold,  coins,  fresco -painting  in  Germany— frescoes 
&c.  190.     vitrified  cup   191.     mosaic        of  the  palace  at  Munich  631 

pavement  on  the  bank  of  the  Rhum-  Arts,  Society  of,  anniversary  meeting  of 
mel  ib,     pavements  at  Ely  and  Can-        68 

terbury  303.    amphorae  and  Samian  Art   Union,  prize  for  Ten  Designs  in 
ware    near    St.   Mary  at    Hill  416.        Outline  411 

human  remains,  urns,  &c.  in  Good-  Asiatic  Society,  anniversary  meeting  of 
man's    Fields    ib.      Samian    pottery,        68 

near  Sun-street  ib,    the  River  Fleet  Assyfian  monuments  diicorend  191 

ib.    Roman  pottery  in  Tooley  Street  Astraband,  golden  goblet  77 

417.     silver    vase  at    Tourdan  419.  ^/Aesurus,  edition  of,  wanted  226 

tessellated   pavement   at    Gloucester  Alliens,  antiquarian  researches  at  521 

420.      gold     collar,    at     Ropley,    ib,  Bagot,  Sir  C.  memoir  of  201 

Grecian    521.    shroud    pin,    circular  Banks,  the  sculptor,    eulogy   on   245, 
dish,   coins,   peat-bed  in    St.   Paul's        note 

churchyard  532, 533.  Widegate-street  Barlow,  Adm.  Sir  R.  memoir  of,  202 

639.     brass    coinii,  rosary,   Purbeck  Barnes,  W,  on  low  chancels  575 

coffin-lid  t6.    ancient  document  640.  Barrow  at  Rougham  explored  524 
Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX.  4  R 


674 


Indejf  to  Essays f  8iC, 


Bart  ley  t  Col.  Sir  R,  memoir  of  205 
BartolomeOf    Fra^     brightness    of    bis 

coluuring  125 
Bfuset^  J.  esq,  memoir  of  323 
Bavaria,  King  of,  structure  erected  by  at 

AschaffenWurg  74 
Beaumont,  Sir  G,  critiques  on  painting 

119,  120 
Beesley,  Mr,  Alfred,  symbol  on  a  coin  of  39 
Belgians,   arrival  and  departure  of  the 

King  and  Queen  of  tbe  196 
Belli  Sir   C,   pension    granted    to    bis 

widow  630 
Berkhampstead  Cattle,  description  of  36 
Berlin,  conflagration  of  tbe  opera-bouse 

at  423 
Berwick,  Lord,  sale  of  library  of  6d 
Beiham,  Sir  W.  on  tbe  Hiberno-Celtic 

41.     reply  to  Mr.  Kempe  338 
Bewdley-nad,  new  church  on  300 
Bible  and  the  Refurmation  258 
Bibliotheque  de  C  Ecole  des  Chartes  563 
Biographia    Literaria,  of  the  R.  Soc.  of 

Literature,  by  whom  sugge^ited  450 
Biographical    writing,  its    objects    and 

difficuliie«  339 
Biographic   Vniverselle,  on  the  English 

articles  in   685.     errors  in  591.     pla- 
giarism in  592 
Biography,  use  and  purpose  of  115 
Birmingham,  Queen's  college,  laying  the 

first  stone  ot  408.     charter  of  incor- 
poration 124 
Biron,  Duke  de,  picture  of  578 
Bishopsgate  Street^  Roman  remains  dis- 

coveied  \\\  639 
Bishport,  new  church  at  189 
Blackfriars,  antiquities  found  at  77 
Black  Friars,  rise  of  132 
Black  Friars  Church,  remains  of  132 
Blunt,  Rev.  H.  memoir  of  549 
Bode,  Baron  de,  antiquities  discovered 

by  77 

Bonaparte,  camp-library  of  586,  7iote 

Booksellers*  Provident  Retreat,  establish- 
ment uf  408 

Bordeaux,  Due  de,  arrives  at  Hull  535 

Borrow* 8  Bible  in  Spain  26 

Boston  church,  incomparable  as  a  model 
of  a  parish  church  368 

Botallacy  stone  circles  at  361 

Bover  Family,  memoirs  of  31 

Bowdler,  John,  death  of  351 

Bowring,  Dr,  sketch  of  498 

Boys's  Fine  Art  Prizes,  distribution  of  631 

BowsteadfBp.  of  Lichjield,  memoir  of  649 

Bradford,  on  burning  heretics  584 

Breakwater,  Plymouth,  completion  of 
the  lighthouse  tower  634 

Brewster,  Mr.  error  respecting,  cor- 
rected 338 

Brimham  rocks  364 

Bristol,  consecration  of  churches  at  422 

Bristol  Guildhall,  foundation-stone  of, 
laid  635 


Britannia,  Holland's  translation  of  Cam- 
den's 487 
British  Association  for  tbe  advancement 

of  Science,  13th  meeting  of  409 
British  coins,  &c.  found  at  Huddersfield 

360 
Britton,  J.  testimony  to  his  merits  511 
Brodie,  Sir  B,  dinner  and  presentation 

of  medal  to  295 
Bromet,  Dr.  historical  questions  commu- 
nicated by  529 
Brdndsted,  Chev»  memoir  of  80 
Brooke,  Lt.-Gen.  Sir  A.  memoir  of  434 
Brothers  of  the  Pea£e,  services  of  566 
Brougham,  Lord,  as  a  legal  pleader  13 
Brown,  S.  notice  of  500 
Browne,  Rev.  G.  A.  memoir  of  323 
Buckingham,  Sir  0.  burial  place  of  ?  226 
Buddie,  J.  memoir  of  656  (see  Jan.  1844) 
Bulteel,  J.  C.  esq.  memoir  of  547 
Bunyan*s  Pilgrim*s  Progress,  early  edi- 
tion of  261.     first  three  editions  with- 
out  cuts  338.     early  editions  of  the 
487.    prototypes  of  488 
Burges,  G,  on  tbe  Da>8  of  tbe  Week  477 
Burghfield,  new  church  at  300 
Burke,  Rt.  Hon.  E.  Walpole's  character 
of  240.     remark  on  his  impeachment 
of  W.  Hastings  346,  note,    letter  to 
F.  Baring,  esq.  355 
Burning  heretics,  Romanist  notions  on 

583, 584 
Bury  St.  Edmund's,  Norman  tower  at 
74.     eminence  of  tbe  free  grammar 
school  of  596 
Bushe,  Chief  Justice^  memoir  of  317 
Bushley,  new  church  at  300 
Butcher-hall'lane,  antiquities  at  81 
Butler,  Charles^  omissions  by  153 
Butler,  the  poet,  monument  to  472 
Ccun,  favoured   resort   of    tuition    593, 

note 
Caithness^  Earldom  of, mistake  respecting 

corrected  260 
Calais,  paintings  discovered  at  77 
CcUas,  catastrophe  of  147 
Camhodunum,  rocking-stoue  near  365 
Camberwell  new    church,  its  cruciform 
structure  369,  371.      designs  for  re- 
building  487 
Cambridge,  specimen  of  Gothic  in   ce- 
metery  chapel  575.     royal    visit    to 

642 
Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society,  meeting 

of  78 
Cambridge  Camden  Society,  citation  from 

the  president's  address,  May  11,  372 
Cambridge    University,    prize    subjects 

68,  183. 
Cambridge,  Duke  of,   marriage  of   tbe 

daughter  of  193 
Cambrian  Institution,  MSS.   presented 

by,  to  the  British  Museum  407 
Campbell,  Lt.-Gen,  Sir  A.  memoir  of  653 
CamperdowHf  victory  off  34 


Index  to  Etsat/s,  4c. 


67S 


Camperdown,  explosion  on  board  of  308 

Canalettif  criticism  on  458 

Candles  on  jf liars,  not  permitted  503 

Candles,  Price  of  Illy  223,  335,  447, 
559,671 

Canning,  Mr.  reflections  on  his  death  349 

Canovt^s  Magdalen,  price  of  3 

Cape  of  Good  Hope,  proceedings  at  641 

Capuchonnis,  origin  of  565 

Carew,  G,  H,  esq.  memoir  of  96 

Caro,  Annibal,  translation  of  the  ^neid, 
589 

Carter,  John,  his  "  architectural  three- 
iu-one"  371 

Cartoons,  competition  1 7Q.  mixed  cha- 
racter of  the  judges  on  452,  note 

Cass,  Gen.  revived  the  Oregon  move- 
ment 308 

Cast -iron  building  8,  antiquity  of,  in  China 
304 

Cateaton  Street,  antiquities  at  8 1 

Cathcart,  Earl,  memoir  of  314 

Cathedral  Churches  ^  Wales,  regulations 
for  535 

Catholic,  the  term  how  to  be  viewed  259 

Catholic  and  Protestant  Scholars  145 

Catholic  Hymns  593 

Cemetery  CAope/,  Cambridge,  Gothic  in 
575 

Chancels,  size  of  368.  utility  of  a  deep 
chancel  369.  on  the  height  of  485,  486. 
list  of  churches  with  high  chancels 
573.     on  the  altitude  of  chancels  574 

Chapone,  Mrs.  mistakes  in  the  grave- 
stone over  349,  note 

Charles,  Ecole  des,  objects  of  563 

Chatham,  Lord,  state  of  Europe  during 
his  administration  231 

Chelsea,  bones  discovered  in  digging  a 
new  sewer  at  303 

Cheltenham  Proprietary  College, opening 
of  184 

Chesterfield,  Lord,  Collana  of,  589,  note 

Chili,  proceedings  in  193 

China,  proceedings  in  83,  534.  regu- 
lations for,  commenced  with  641 

Chinese  books,  presented  to  the  British 
Museum  by  Her  Majesty  629 

Chinese  cast-iron  buildings  304 

Christianity,  how  rendered  palatable  to 
the  Anglo-Saxons  365 

Church  architecture,  ultimate  triumph 
of  3b7 

Church  Endowment  Bill,  second  reading 
of  193 

Church  Extension  302 

Church  music,  remarks  on  29 

Churches,  Christian,  temples  and  basi- 
licae  converted  into  486 

Churches,  New,  74,  189,  288,  298,  420 

Churches  repaired,  &c.  301 

Churches,  Suffolk,  with  high  chancels  573 

Churchill,  death  and  character  of  S36 


Chute,  Mr.  of  the  Vine,  death  of  246 

Circular  Temples  of  the  Druids  36  i 

City  Excavations  81,  532,  639 

City  improvements  proposed  188 

aty  Wall,  proposed  preservation  of  296, 

298 
Clarke,  Dr.  A.  Eve's  tempter  a  monkey 

353,  note 
Glanders  sketches,  criticism  on  464 
Clay,  Mr.  J,  memoir  of  659 
Clayton,  Rev.  J.  memoir  of  549 
Clive,  Lord,  illness  and  death  of  244 
Clontarf,    proclamation  against  repeal 

meeting  at  535 
Coals,  Price  of  IW,  223,  336,  447,  559, 

671 
Coate-cards,  costume  of  471 
Cockney,  origin  of  the  term  505 
Cogan,  Church  of,  described  129 
Coghill,  Rear-Adm.  Sir  J»  memoir  of  93 
Coinage,  early  British,  remains  of  360 
Coins,  ancient,  discovery  of  640 

British,  symbols  on  39 

Coleridge,  H.  N.  memoir  of  97 
College,  New,  in  Ireland,  establishment 

of  407 
Cologne,  sepulchral  tablets  at  43 

cathedral,  completion  of  303 

Colouring,  thoughts  on  125 

Columba,  St.  New   College  dedicated  to 

407 
Columbia  steamer,  loss  of  423 
G>mtf^, appearance  of,  bow  hailed  in  Mex- 
ico 295 
Commons  Enclosure  Bill,  second  reading 

of  191 
Companies,  formation  of  568 
Constance  cathedral,  brass  in  77 
Conversation,  perfect,  characterised  9 
Cooper,  H.  F.  esq.  memoir  of  101 
Copenhagen,  fire  at  193 
C(M'«,   Average  Price  ^111,  223,  336, 

447,559,671 
Cornwall,  stone  circles  in  361 
Cornwallis,  Lord,  conduct  as  governor  of 

India  346 
Coventry,  E.  of,  memoir  of  89 
Cowper,  remark  on  Swift*s  letters  227 
Cranach,  Lucas,  remark  on  29 
Crockerton,  new  chapel  at  299 
Cromwell,  death-b«d  of  267 
Crosbie,  Gen.  Sir  J.  G.  memoir  of  544 
Cross  Churches  368 
Cunetti  Coin,  interpretation  of  562 
Cup,  vitrified,  discovered  in  France  191 
Cuyp,  critique  on  his  paintings  459 
Dancing,  sacrifices  made  by  its  profes- 
sors 1 16,  note 
D*Aubignis  Hutory  of  the  ReformatUm, 

treated  of  25,  145,  956 
Davenport,  Mrs.  memoir  of  102 
Davis,  Dr.  installed  Bisbop  of  AntigU4 

308 


676 


Index  to  Essays,  Ssd 


Davjft  Sir  H.  poetical  powers  of  1  ^ 
Days  of  the  Pf^eekf  origin  and  meaning 

of  477 
De  Bemaye,  probable  arms  of  562 
De  CastrOf  A.  extent  of  his  interference 
in  the  Marian  persecution  473.    on 
the  Life  and  Works  of  581 
DtlilU,  poetic  perfection  of  588.     infe- 
riority of  his  translation  of  theEneid  5821 
JJeskSf  preaching,  designed  by  Wren  37 1 
De  StaBlf  Mad.  moral  laxity  of  595 
Devonshire,  Duke  of,  recommended  the 
Roman  Catholic  Claims  590 

■         E,  Duchess  of,  anecdotes  ob- 
tained from  586.    publications  of  587^ 
588 
Dies  Irte,  authorship  of  593,  noie 
Diikes,  Gen,  ancestors  of  338 
Dof/in,  on  the  name  of  S 
Domestic  Libraries,  Buckingham  palace 
and  Windsor  castle,  established  by  the 
Queen  and  Prince  Albert  639 
Domestic  Occurrences  193 
Dominican  Friars,  rise  of  the  1 32 
Dominicans,  illustrious,  enumerated  b92, 

note 
Dorset,  Duke  of,  memoir  of  431 
Doyie,  Capt.  Sir  B,  C,  memoir  of  205 
Dreams,  revelations  in  152 
Driffield,  skeleton  found  at  640 
Druidical  Temples,  astronomical  design 
of  361.     temples  in  Cumberland,!^, 
in  Scotland  362.     in  Yorkshire  363 
Dublin  Historical  Society  628.     castle^ 

portrait  gallery  at  631 
Dudevant,  Mad.  sums  received  by  585^ 

note,     notice  of  595 
Dulwich  Gallery,  criticism  on  paintings 

in  457 
Dundas,  Maj,-Gen,  Tho,  memoir  of  155, 
249.     sequel   to   the  memoir  of  372. 
correspondence  of  373 
Dupe,  Mr,  W,  memoir  of  659 
Durand  du  Jar  din,  account  of  565 
Earthquake  at  Khoi  308 
Ecole  des  Charles,  objects  of  563 
Elizabeth,  certain    observations  on  the 

reign  of  365 
Ellison,  Col,  memoir  of  435 
Elton,  Mr,  actor,  memoir  of  325 
Eneid,  length  of  rival  translations  of  589, 

note 
EnnisHllen,   Earl  of,    brass  coffee  pot 

discovered  77 
Eolus Street, iermitiAied  by  the  temple523 
Epistolary  writing,  remarks  on  227 
Epitaph,  curious,  in  Paddington  church- 
yard 349 
Epitaphs,  plagiarisms  of  592,  note 
Espartero,  proceedings  of  193.    his  arri- 
val in  London  307 
Est,  Est,  Est  141 

Etruria  Celtica,  on  some  criticisms  in  130 
Etruscan  tombt  at  Sarana  417 


Eu,  medal  in  commemoration   of   the 

royal  visit  to  the  chateau  630 
Evreux,  remains  of  a  Roman  theatre  at 

419 
Exchange,  New  Royal,  completion  of  684 
Extempore  prefer  before  the  sermon  503 
Exton  Church,  date  when  its  steeple  was 

struck  with  lightning  2 
Extravagance  ^  society,  high  rise  of  in 

England  231 
Fagan,  Major-Gen.  memoir  of  319 
Fairlie,  Mrs.  Louisa,  memoir  of  98 
Farquhar,  Rear'Adm,  Sir  A.  memoir  of 

544 
Fawcett,  Col,  trial  at  the  Old  Bailey  for 

the  murder  of  309 
Fenilon,  Marquis  de,  verses  on  594 
Ferrandf  sketch  of  498 
Fetter  Lane,  ancient  gravestone  disco- 
vered in  639 
Fine  Arts.    See  Arti 
Finch,  Gen.  Hon.  E.  memoir  of  650 
Finlay,  Mr.  G,  researches  in  Greece  52 1 
Fires,  destructive    193.     seven  on  the 

same  night  309 
Fitzgerald  and   Fesey,   Lord,    memoir 

of91 
Fleet  DUch,  antiquities  of  416,  417 
Foliage,  difficulties  of  representing  463 
Forbes,  Lord,  memoir  of  90 

Col.  C,  memoir  of  206 

Foreign  New9  193 

Forster,  Lady  E,  anecdotes  of  586,  587 
—  Rev,  S»  memoir  of  322 
Fhrtresses  round  Paris,  extent  and  cost 

of  641 
Foulis,  Maj,'Gen.    Sir  D.  memoir  of 

204 
Fox,  C.  J.  character  as  an  orator  15 
^—  R.  Esq.  memoir  of  99 
Francia,  Dr.  a  doctor  of  law  1 14 
Francis,   Mr.   honourable   character  of 

344,  note 
Frangipani,  author  of  the  Dies  Ire  593, 

note 
French  Protestant  Church,  new>  St.  Mar- 

tin's-Ie-Grand  289 
Fresco  painting,  national  advantages  of 

296.    in  Germany  631 
Fresco  paintings,  proposed  exhibition  of 

411 
Fuller,  passage  from>  in  answer  to  Hey- 

lin  491 
Fuseli,  almost  starred   by  painting  his 

Gods  and  Dsemons  1 28 
George  IH,  state  of  political  affairs  dur* 

ing  his  reign  231 
Gesenius,  Dr.  memoir  of  80 
Gibbon,  ludicrous  anecdote  of  586, 587 
Gilpin,  W,  S.  esq.  memoir  of  209 
Girdle,  golden,  discovered  in  Prance  190 
Girdlestone,  S.  Esq.  memoir  of  548 
Gizeh,  pyramid  of  529 
Glasgow,  Earl  qf^  memoir  of  43^ 


Index  to  Essays,  S^c. 


677 


Gothic  churches t  on  proportions  of  483 
Goulbiuttt  H.  esq,  memoir  of  98 
Grandes  CompagnieSj  rise  of  566 
Grange,  origin  of  the  word  506 
Grant,  Sir  TV,  bis  style  as  a  speaker  in 

parliament  13 
Gratian,  Mr,  conversation  with  11 
Gravesend,  new  bell  at  635 
Grayyihe  poet,  character  of  his  letters  S27 
Great  Britain,  launch  of  309 
Great  Dictionary,  errors  in  594 
Greece,  antiquities   discovered   in   521. 

revolution  in  534 
Gregorian  Chants,  cMe,  taken  of  them  514 
Gregory,  Mr,  S.  burial  places  of  Lord 

Mayors  ascertained  by  ^26 
Gresham  College,  re-opening  of  627 
Guadaloupe,  earthquake  at  156.    expe- 
dition to  157,  249.     re-capture  of  by 
the  French  160 
Gulliver,  Mr,  acquittal  of  309 
Guthrie,  Dr,  M.  letter  of  469 
Gwatkin,  R,  L.  esq.  memoir  of  95 
Hahnemann^  Dr,  memoir  of  333 
Haketvill,  J,  memoir  of  209 
HalliweU,  Mr,   proposed  Dictionary   of 

Archaic  and  Provincial  Words  338 
Handel  Society,  objects  of  407 
Hanover,  King  of,  arrival  of  84.   motion 

for  discontinuing  pension  to  192 
Hastings,  Mr,  tribute    to   his  private 
character  345.     remarks  on  the  im- 
peachment of  346,  note 
Hastlere,  origin  of  the  word  506 
Haverstock'hill,  institution  for  decayed 

tailors  at  300 
Hawkins,  J,  S,  sale  of  library  of  184 
Hay  and  Straw,  Price  of  IW,  223,  335, 

447,  559,  671 
Hayti,  revolution  in  534 
Henderson,  Rev,  John,  remarks  on  1 1 
Henniker,  Adm,  memoir  of  202 
Henslow,  Prof,  Roman  antiquities  disco- 
vered by  527 
HercBwn,  antiquities  discovered  at  523 
Hereford,  discount,  memoir  of  201 
Hermitage  Palace,  St.  Petersburg,  ac- 
count of  the  museum  of  412 
Highwaymen,  dangerous  travelling  from 

244 
Hillersdon,  Sir  J,  inquiry  respecting  562 
Hillyar,  Rear- Ad,  Sir  J,  memoir  of  650 
Hislop,  Sir  T,  memoir  of  317 
Historical  compositions,  little  demand  for 
128 

■  Society,  Dublin,  revival  of  628 
Hogarth*8  paintings  from  Vauxhall  Gar- 
dens, account  of  412 
Holbom  Bridge,  antiquities  at  8  i 
Holland,  P.   translation  of   Camden's 

Britannia  489 
Holmes,  Mrs,  M,  memoir  of  656 
Homer,  length  of  the  year  accarately 

known  before  bis  time  481 
Honey,  Mrs,  memoir  of  102 


Hong-Kong,  a  British  colony  534.  pro- 
ceedings at  641 

H(^s,  Price  of,\\\,  223,  335,  447,  559, 
671 

Horner,  F,  memoirs  and  correspondence 
of  3 

Horsley,  Bp»  his  powers  as  a  polemical 
writer35l 

Houses  of  Parliament,  new,  royal  visit 
to  424 

Howard,  Hon,  W.  memoir  of  92 

Hoy,  J,  B.  esq,  memoir  of  547 

Huddersfield,  ancient  British  relics  found 
at  360 

Hume,  Joseph,  sketch  of  498 

Hurst,  Robert,  esq,  memoir  of  96 

Hymns  of  the  Church  28 

India,  proceedings  in  83,  308 

Inquisition,  intention  to  establish  in  Eng- 
land 584 

Insane  persons  in  France,  number  of  295 

Ireland,  redress  of  grievances  in,  motion 
on  192.  measures  to  stop  repeal  meet- 
ings in  535 

Irish  and  Welsh  Languages,  non-identity 
of  the  42 

— -  Language,  understood  and  spoken 
by  people  of  Morocco  1 14.  Wehb,  the 
origin  of  265.  affinity  of  the  Welsh 
to  the  Irish  266.  German  infused  into 

it  267 
lele  of  Dogs,  proposed  fort  on  500 
Jackson,  Sir  K,  A,  Bt,  memoir  of  540 
Jews,  early  Christians  regarded  as  150 
Jekyll,  Rev,  G,  rector  of  West  Coker  226 
John,  chap,  v.  39,  on  the  text  of  151 
Joinville,  Prince  de,  arrival  of  424 
Jones,  Sir  P,  eulogy  on  352,  note*    date 

of  his  death  450 
Jonson,  Ben,  original  letter  of  268 
Jortin,  character  of  his  sermons,  and 

anecdote  of  Pope  348,  and  note 
Jug,  funeral,  noticed  525,  526 
Junius,  letter  to  a  Brig.-Gen.  by  ?  44 
•■  Walpole*s  remarks  on  239 

Kempe,  A,  J.  observations  in  reply  to 

Sir  W.  Betham  130 
Ker,  Lord  R»  memoir  of  540 
Keir,  Gen,  J,  memoir  of  94 
Kew  Observatory,  arrangements  respect- 
ing 409,  410 
Keswick,  Druidical  temple  near  362 
Kidd,  Rev,  S,  memoir  of  209 
Kil,  what  it  denotes  361 
King's  College,  London,  opening  of  the 
Philosophical  Museum  183 

■     Toronto,  appointments 
in  184 
Kingston,  Jamaica,  dreadful  fire  at  534 
Knight,  Mr,  P.  his  book  on  Taste  cha- 
racterised 17 
Knighlsbridge,  St,  Paul,  consecrated  299 
Knox,  Mr,  A.  character  of  351,  note 

—  religious  character  of  351 

—  Rev,  JDr,  T.  memoir  of  3^9 


678 


Index  to  Essays,  SrC. 


KockSf  Mr.  organic  remains  parchased  67 
lAuhrymatory,  glcatf  described  594 
Lahore,  its  probable  annexation  to  the 

British  dominions  641 
<<  Lamb  of  God,**  appoaiteness   of  the 

expression  490 
Landscape  Paintingt  comparative  merits 

or  ancient  and  modern  masters  456 
Latin  Inscriptions,   formatioti  oT  com- 
mission for  the  publication  of  304 
Leaguers,  pictorial  representation  of  577 
Lectern,  proposed  arrangement  of  371. 
magnificent,  restored  at  St.  George's 
chapel  420 
Lee,  Prof,  biographical  notice  of  352 
Le  Mesuriei',  Lt.-Gen.  memoir  of  204 
Le  Neve,  P.  diary  of  142 
Lennox,  Mrs.  Dr.  Johnson's  literary  in- 
tercourse with  132 
Lens,  ancient  coffin  discovered  at  304 
Lepsius,  Professor,  observations  on  the 

pyramids  528 
Leti,  Gregario,  errors  of  1 54 
Leven,  new  church  at  301 
Lightfoot,  effect  of  true  religion  491 
lAnhares,  Countess  of,  epitaph  on  592 
Lipscomh,  Bp.  Christ,  memoir  of  201 
Liverpool^  improvement  of  535 
Llandaff  cathedral,  restoration  of  635 
Llorente,  blunder  in  translation  of  152 
Lloyd,   E,   information   respecting  re- 
quested 450 
Loftus,  Adam,  papers  of,  in  existence? 

226 
Londiniana,  No.  vii.  132 
London,  antiquities  of  132 

Institution,  arrangement  of  lee- 

tures  of  628 

Library,  report  respecting  67 

University,  regulations  respect- 


ing the  B.A.  degree  295 
Longmans,  Messrs,  biographical  diet,  of 

585.     remarks   on  the  dictionary   of 

586 
Lord  Mayors*  Pageants,  former  publi- 
cations on  510 
Lothbury,  remains  found  in  digging  in 

533 
Louis  Philippe,  colossal  statue  of  630 
Loutherbourg,  lines  on  245,  note 
Low,  Anglo-Saxon  explained  5'i7,note 
Lowndes,  Mr.  W,  T.  memoir  of  326 
Loxham,  Rev.  R.  of  what  college  2 
Luton  Hoo,  destroyed  by  fire  643 
Luxborough,  Lady,  letters  of  228,  &no/tf 
Lynes,  Rev,  J.  memoir  of  439 
M'Farlane,  Gen.  Sir  R.  memoir  of  203 
Macintosh,  C.  esq,  memoir  of  439 
Mackintosh,  Sir  J.  character  of  9,  13 
Mackenzie,  Sir  F,  A,  memoir  of  202 
Rt,-Hon.  J,  A.  S,  memoir  of 

540 
Macleod,  Maj\'Gen.  Sir  D,  memoir  of 

434 
Maddo»f  Mr.  G,  memoir  of  658 


MaUcin,  Sir  B.  H.  tribute  to  596.     in- 
scription on  597 
Mallet,  the  poet,  2.  portrait  of,  where  to 

be  found  1 14 
Manchester,  Duke  of,  memoir  of  89 
Mansel,  TV,  where  buried  2 
Mansfield,  Countess  tf,  memoir  of  316 
Marathon,  colossal  statue  found  at  419 
Marchwood,  new  church  at  301 
Marian  Persecution,  pause  in  the  473. 

De  Castro*fl  conduct  during  583,  584 
Marlborough   Correspondence,   discorery 

of  295 
— — ^^  College,  opening  oi  408 
Mamkull,  thunder  storm  at  308 
Mary  Magdalen,  St,  church  consecrated 

300 
JfOM,  celebrated  by  reformers  257 
Moth,  xxvi,  61,  on  the  common  version 

of  150 
Maude,  Mr,  E.  on  *'  red  nepe"  2 
Mayne,  J,  7\  esq,  memoir  of  308 
Mecklenburgh,  Princett  of,  arrival  of,  in 

the  metropolis  230 
Melbourne,  Vise,  portraits  presented  to, 

by  her  Majesty  424 
Memnon,  wrecked  534 
Memoirs,  French,  incomparable  228 
Menander,  an  anti-democrat  2 
Merdoon,  pyramid  of  529 
MerrimaH,  Bp.  information  respecting', 

requested  450 
Merry  Lwyd  and  fire  Worship  23 
Meteorological  Diary  112,  334,  336,  448, 

560,  672 
Michael,  Grand  Duke,  arrival  in  London 

535 
Milles,  Dean,  sale  of  litrary  of  72 
ilftn^^re^  o/'Pam,  influence  of  569*     of 

France,  ordinances  of  570 
Mionnet,  M.  memoir  of  79 
Mirvelt,  Michel,  portraits  by  578 
Modern  Painteri,  their  superiority  in  the 

art  of  landscape  painting  to  the  an- 
cient masters  451 
Mceris,  antiquities  of  304 
Moloch,  passing  through  the  fire  to  24 
Money,  Major- Gen.  Sir  J.  K.  memoir  of 

433 
Monoux,  Miss  L,  memoir  of  105 
Montague,  Lady  M.  W.  account  of  233 
Mont^ascone,  monument  at  14 1 
Monumental  Inscriptions,  models  of  592, 

note 
Moore,  Mr.  faults  of  154 
Moores  of  Norfolk,  inquiry  respecting  563 
Moorgaie  Street,  bone  skate  found  in 

excavating  533 
Morgan,  Sir  T.  C.  memoir  of  436 
Mom-chaunce,  a  game  of  hazard  493,  note 
Morritt,  J,  B.  S,  esq,  memoir  of  547 
Mortality,  Bills  rf  Hi,  823,   335,  447» 

559,  671 
Mosaic  Pavement  near  Constantine  191 
Mosheim,  inwcuney  in  6,  153 


Index  to  Essays,  Sfc. 


679 


Mucklow,  W.  G,  etq,  memoir  of  101 
MurillOf  peculiar  character  of  his  paint- 

ini^s  124 
Mwray,    John,    esq,   memoir    of    SIO. 

amount  paid  by  him  for  an  article  in 

the  Q.  R.  585.     object  of  his  colonial 

and  home  library  407 
Musgrave  Churchy  account  of  571 
Mutiny  at  the  Note,  notice  of  the  33 
Napier,  iJ.-Gen.  M,  memoir  of  435 

Sir  C.  victory  in  Scinde  83 

Narvaez,   Gen,  attempted  assassinatiofi 

of  641 
JVatal,  afifairs  of  641 
Nationctl  Gallery ^  criticism  on  pieces  in 

457 
Naval  School,    Royal,   laying    of    the 

foundation  stone  84 
Nelson  Monument,  raising  of  the  statue 

of  630 
Nene  Estuary  Embankment,  notice  of 

644 
Nesiorian  Christians,  massacre  of  4S3 
Newcastle,   November   meeting  of  the 

Society  of  Antiquaries  of  636 
Niblock,  Rev.  Dr,  J,  W.  memoir  of  99 
Nightingale,  Sir  C,  E,  memoir  of  432 
Nightingale* 8  Note,  remarks  on  18 
Nineveh,  remains  of  191 
Normandy,  Roman  villa  in  190 
NorthJUet  church,  length  of  368 
Northumberland,  Duke  of,  letter  from, 

on  the  receipt  of  a  bear  374 
Norwich  Art  Union,  annual  meeting  of 

631 
Nott,  Sir  W.  refutation  by,  of  calumnies 

308 
NovercdB  of  Roman  Camps  140 
Numismatic  Society,  meetings  of  79i  637 
O'Connell,  D.  sketch  of  497.    charged 

with  conspiracy  535 
Ogden  Kirk,  origin  of  the  name  363 
O'Malley,  Major- Gen,  George  ^20 
Or  ford.  Lord,  presumed  insanity  of  242 
Orphan  Asylum,  New,  opening  of  196 
Oxford  Architectural  Society  73,  186 

Ashmolean  Soc,  meeting  of  78 

Society  of  Gothic  Architecture, 

Nov.  meeting  of  632 

University,  prize  subjects  67,  183, 


520 

Onley,  C  S,  esq.  memoir  of  546 
Painters,  Catholic,  notice  of  30 
^— — -—  ancient  and  modern,  compara- 
tive merits  of  453,  454,  468 

dead  and  living,  contrasted  459 


Painting,   necessity  of    technical    and 
practical  knowledge  in  criticising  452 
Paintings  of  the  Escurial,  characterixed 

123 
Paley,  character  of  bit  Evidences  349 
Palmer,  C.  F.  esq,  memoir  of  95 
Panama,  Isthmus  of,  projected    canal 
through  296 


Papal  Court,  The,  illuminated  plate  ef 
357.  song  on  its  avarice  and  venality  ib, 
— — -  Dominions,  disturbances  in  423 

—  States,  troubles  in  534 

Paris  Academy  of  Sciences,  proceedings 
at  295 

Parliament,  proceedings  in  83, 191  >  305. 
Queen's  Speech  on  tbe  prorogation  306 

Parr,  Dr.  letter,  ebaracter,  and  anec- 
dotes of,  352,  note 

Parthenon,  blocks  of  the  cella  of,  dis- 
covered 304.  portions  of  the  frieze  of 
discovered  .521,  522 

Pascal,  his  Pens^s  characterised  149 

Paternoster  Row,  antiquities  at  81 

Paul,  St,  probable  introduction  by,  of  the 
Gospel  into  Britain  364 

—  Cathedral,  west  part  used  as  a 
stable  640 

•^-—  St,  Church  Yard,  remains  dis- 
covered in  excavations  in  532 

—  jy,  absolves  Charles  from  his  oath 
583,  &  note 

Pavement  at  Ely,   described  303.     at 

Canterbury  ib, 
——  Ornamental,  proposed  designs 

for  411 
Payne,  Sir  P,  memoir  of  94 
Peckham,  Priory  House,  described  360 
Peel,  Sir  R,  sketch  of  497 
Pegasus,  loss  of  308 
Pemherton,  Capt.  H,  memoir  of  95 
Penzance,  St,  PauVs  Chureh  at,  described 

298 
Perceval,  S,  powers  as  a  debater  15 
Persico,  sculptor,  marble  group  by  177 
Pews,  none  at  the  Reformation  371 
Philip  of  Spain,   his   remarks  on   the 

Smithfield  burnings  473 
Philippine  Islands,  proceedings  at  84 
Piles,  ancient  plan  of  building  on  533 
Pilkington,  Sir  T,  burial  place  of?  226 
Pitcher,  funereal,  contents  of  525 
Pitt,  Mr,  change  of  character  of  232. 

high  powers  as  a  debater  15 

—  Mrs.  A,  portrait  of  243 
Plagiarisms,  historical,  monumental  592. 

poetic  593 
Plebeians,  Roman  illustrious  592 
Plymouth  Breakwater,  lighthouse  tower 

of  634 
Pompeii,  sculptural    character  of   the 

paintings  of  122 
Pope,  copy  of  Homer  from  which  he 

translated  342,  note 
Porches  of  Christian  buildings,  remarks 

on  297 
Porson,  Prof,  unpublished  remains  of  1 14 
Port  Royal  productions,  literary  value 

of  146 
Portrait  Painting,  remarks  on  128 
Portugal,  Queen  of,  birth  of  a  princess  307 
Post  Office  Improvements,  committee  on 

192 


680 


Index  to  Essays^  Sfc, 


Poussin,  G,  criticism  on  462 

— ^—  N,  truth  and   falsehood  in  his 

painting  457 
Prescoitt  Mr.  character  as  an  historian 

245,  note 
Proutt  his  merits  as  an  artist  459 
Psalmists,  English^  notice  of  507 
Psalter  of  1457,  at  Toulouse  594 
PulpitSitwitty  modern  introduction  of  371 
Pynet  W.  H,  esq,  memoir  of  99 
Pyramids,  construction  of  the  5S28 
Quarterly  Review^  errors  in  the  585, 595 
Rabelais,  autograph  uf  596 
Racine* s  **  Jtftalie,'*  plagiarism  in  b93,note 
Raff  (telle,  new  cartoons  by  415 
Rainbow,  Bp,  diary  of,  in  existence  ?  226 
Rawlinson,  Sir  T.  where  buried  226 
Reading,  St,  Mary*s  Church,  sedilia  dis- 
covered in  636 
Reading-desk,  incorrectness  of  phrase  37 1 
Rebecca  rioters,  proceedings  of  19o 
Reformers  and  the  Mass  257 
Repeat  meetings,  Guvernment  proceed- 
ings against  535 
Repton,  J,  A,  on  the  costume  of  coate- 

cards  471 
Reynolds,  Sir  J,  character  of  his  Dis- 
courses 6.     little  resemblance  in  his 
portraits   129t  note,    durability  of  his 
colouring  245,  note 
Ringstone  Edge,  stone  circle  of  363 
Rolli  curious,  discovered  in  Worcester 

cathedral  640 
Romanism  and  Catholicisfn,  the  terms, 

how  to  be  viewed  259 
Romcy  improvements  at  640 
Romilly,  Sir  S,  first  public  appearance 

of  14 
Rood-sn-een,  solemnity  and  repose  to  be 

derived  from  370 
Rosary,  ancient,  discovered  639 
Roscommon,  Lord,  version  of   the  Dies 

Ira  593,  note 
Ross,  Lt,'  Gen.  J.  memoir  of  203 

Prof,  researches  in  Greece  521 

Rougham,  tumulus  at  120.    opening  of 
Roman  tumuli  at  524.  place  described 

527 
Routiers  of  the  12/A  and  \Zth  century, 

account  of  564,  569 
Rowldricht  open  temple  at  36 1 
Roxburghe  Club,  anniversary  meeting 73 
Royal  Academy,  o^ev.\i\%  of,  in  1775,  246. 

ieading  academicians,  account  of  117 
Roy*s  Satire  of  Wolsey  269, 380, 432,  537 
Rubetis,  criticism  on  463 
Rush-bearing,  annual  custom  of  572 
Ruysdael,   reflections   on,   as  a  marine 

painter  460,  461 
Sacltville,  Lord  G.  notice  of  431 
Salvator  Rosa* s sketch-book,  account  of  4 1 5 
Samian  ware,  discovered  639 
Sandwich  Islands,  made  over  to  Lord  G. 

Paulet  193 


Sandys,  G.  notice  of  507 
Savana,  tombs  at  417 
•'  Saxon,"  on  the  "  Mind  of  the  Church  ♦• 
490 

Saxon  Coins,  discovery  of  near  Alfristoh 
640 

Schnorr,  Prof,  frescoes  of  631 

Scientific  Congress  of  France,  historical 
section  of  529,  638 

Scinde,  pacification  of  308.  proceedings 
in  534.     hostilities  in  641 

Screen,  altar,  advantages  of  370 

Sculpture,  ^aU  of,  at  Chri^tie's  177 

Seagram,  Capt,  H,  F.  memoir  of  656 

Seaionian  Prize,  adjudged  toT.  R.  Birks 
627 

Senna,dephri\ixe  of  deposed  ministers  307 

Servians,  submission  of  84 

SevignS,  Mad,  de,  plainness  of  the  lan- 
guage of  her  letters  148, 149.  mono- 
cromatic  air  of  her  letters  228 

Shares,  Prices  of  \\\,  223,  335,  447, 
559,671 

Sharp,  profundity  as  a  critic  10 

Shaw,  Sir  James  memoir  of  654 

Sfieriffs  of  London,  heraldic  coats  borne 
for  Middlesex  338 

Shoe  Lane,  Roman  pottery  discovered  in 
639 

Shore,  Sir  J.  biographical  notice  of  341 

Simpulum,  Roman,  described  526 

Sismondi,  fairness  of  153.  amount  re- 
ceived for  articles  to  the  Biog.  Univ.585 

Skate,  bone,  ancient,  discovered  533 

Skeletons,  nine  human,  discovered  640 

Smith,  Mr.  O.  memoir  of  659 

Sydney,  eulogy  on   Horner  19. 

his  hatred  of  paeons  20.  Umbritius  350 

Smith  of  Campden,  information  respect- 
ing 562 

Smithfield persecutions,  suspension  of  473 

Smoke,  select  committee  for  preventing 
nuisance  from  192 

Snakehill,  legend  of  363,  note 

Soaper,  G.  papers  of  White  of  Selborne 
purchased  by  627 

Socinians,  impudence  of  35 1 

Sophia,  St.  its  nakedness  368 

Southampton,  arrival  of  the  Queen  at  424 

Spain,  prospect  of  another  civil  war  iu 
83.  insurrectionary  ntovementsin  193. 
civil  discord  in  August  423 

Spanish  masters,  peculiar  style  of  their 
colouring  123 

Spenser,  poet,  extinction  of  the  descend- 
ants of  114 

Springfield,  new  episcopal  church  at  420 

Spur,  Roman,  doubt  of  any  genuine  226 

Standish,  O,  esq,  memoir  of  207 

Stanley,  Sir  E,  memoir  of  206 

Stanton,  Anne,  memoir  of  105 

Staveley,  notices  of  the  name  requested 
114 

Steuari,  R.  esq.  memoir  of  546 


Index  to  Essays,  Sfc. 


1181 


Stewarty  D.  originality  and  profundity 

of  13 
Stocksy  daily  prices  of  Wl,  224, 336,  448, 

560,  672 
StonehengCy  Druidical  monuments  simi- 
lar to  the  circles  at  361.     Phoenician 
origin  of  the  circular  templeB  of  364 
Strawberry  Hill,  pictures    at,    nucleus 

for  an  historical  gallery  580 
Stulzy  Mr.  chapel  built  at  the  cost  of 

300 
Suffolk  Churches,  with  chancels  as  high 
AS  the  naves  573 

Ladi/y  character  of  237 

Suicide,   its   prevalence   in   the  Middle 

Ages  569 
Surgeonsy  College  of,  new  charter  to  520 
Surtees  Society,  proceedings  of  520 
Sutton  Bridge,  new  church  at  421 
SwallffUHliffey  new  church  at  421 
Swindon    Churchy     Gloucestershire y    ac- 
count of  21.     remarks  respecting,  in  a 
letter  signed  Plantagenet  358.    on  the 
dates  of  some  portions  of  the  edifice  472 
Sydenham  Societyy  first  general  meeting 

of  628 
Sykesy  Sir  F,  memoir  of  93 
Symbolical  architectural  windows  371 
Synge,  Sir  E.  memoir  of  433 
Syon  Monastery,  account  of  247 
Tailors,  journeymen,  institution  for  re- 
lief of  300 
TallffWy  prices  of^  111,  223,  335,  447, 

559,671 
Tankard Inny  Ipswich,  demolition  of  189 
Tarleton,  Gen,  actions  in  America  378, 

7iote 
Tate,  Rev.  J.  memoir  of  437 
Rev.  J,  and  T,  clerical  situations 

of  450 
Teignmouth,  Lord,  memoir  of  the  life 

and  correspondence  of  339 
Temple  Church,  further  repairs  of  301 
Temple  of  the  Winds,  operations  at  523 
Thames,   proposed   improvement  of  its 

banks  500 

■  Tunnel,  visit  to,by  the  Queen  423 
Thompson^  H.  esq.  memoir  of  100 
Thundei'  Storms,  violent  308,  309 
Thurlow,  Lord,  remark  on  his  counte- 
nance 19,  note,     bis  remark   on  Mr. 

Burke's  impeachment  ofHastings  346, 

7iote 
Tone,  in  painting,  defined  456 
Tooke,  W,  suggested  the  Biographia  Li- 

teraria,  450 
Torso,  its  eminence  as  a  work  of  art  465 
Tower  of  London,   proposed    improve- 
ment of  590 
Towneley  Collection,  character  of  350,tto/^. 
Townshend,  Col,  Sir  H.  memoir  of  202 
' C,  bis  death  and  character 

237 
Trevelyan,  W,  C.  on  Gordon's   History 

of  England  562 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol,  XX. 


Trinity  College,  Dublin,  V.  C.'s  prizes 

awarded  530 
Tumuli,  Roman,    at    Rougham,   anti- 
quities found  in  524 
Turberville,  G,  Tragical  Tales  and  other 

Poems  45 
Turkish    Government,  incorjioratioa  of 

two  corps  by  534 
Turner',  Sir  G.  0,  Page,  memoir  of  93 
Turner,  Dawson,ceriain  observations  of, 

on  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  365 
Turner,  J,  M,  W,  the  father  of  modern 

art  454.    powers  as  a  marine  painter 

46 1 .  characteristics  of  his  great  genius 

465-468 
Turnham  Green,  new  church  at  301 
TwemloWy  W,  memoir  of  105 
University  College,  distribution  of  prizes 

183.      further   benefaction    to    408. 
''Fellows  of  the  College*'  instituted 

520 
Usher,  Mr,  R,  memoir  of  549 
Valparaiso,  destructive  fire  in  193 
Van  ffeen,  picture  by  579 
Varillas,  faults  of  154 
Vase,  antique  silver,  at  Tourdan  419. 

Glass,  discovered  in  Suffolk  524 

Vaughan,  Sir  R,  memoir  of  94 
Vauxhall  gardens,  paintings  from  412 
Velanidezza,  sculpture  found  at  523 
Vere,  J.  J.  H.  memoir  of  206 
Versailles,  portraits  137,  576 
Victoria,  second  daughter  of,  christened 

84.  visit  to  the  Thames  Tunnel  423.  to 

the  new  Houses  of  Parliament  424. 

marine  excursion  from  Southampton 

lb,    intended  erection  of  colossal  sta* 

tue  to  her  at  Edinburgh  630.    visit 

to  Cambridge  642 
Vtllalpande,  on  the  burning  of  heretics 

583 
Voltaire,  his  hatred  of  Christianity  351, 

note,    bis  malevolence  exposed  594 
Waagen,  Prof,  pictures  collected  by  290 
Wales,  South,  outrages  in  309 
Walker,  Dr,  on  ancient  British  celts  and 

coins  360.    on  Druidical  temples  361 
fValpole,  Horace,  Letters  of,  to  Sir  Ho- 
race Mann  227 
Walworth,  huge  pulpits  in  Trinity  church 

at  371 
fVanstead,  opening  of  the  new  Infant 

Orphan  Asylum  at  196 
Webster',  Noah,  memoir  of  208 

I —  A/r.    prize  for    best   five-act 

comedy  67 
Welsh  language  the  origin  of  the  Irish 

265 
Welsh  rioters,  trial  of  644 
Welsh  School,  MSS.  presented   by  the 

governors  of  407 
Wenlock,  inmrrection  of  the  serfs  at  569 
Welleiley,   Col.   change  of  name  from 

Wesley  347i  note,     characteristics   of 

his  mind  347 

48 


682 


Index  to  Books  Reviewed. 


West,  as  an  artist,  characterised  345 
Wsyse,  C.  E,  K  memoir  of  657 
Wharton^  J.  esq,  memoir  of  207 
fPTiitbreadt Sam.hh  limited  education  12 
ff^ketf  Mr,  challenged    by   Forbes    at 

Paris  235.     elected  for  Middlesex  238 
WUkiey  Sir  D.  life  of  115 
William  ly.  as  midshipman  375.    letter 

when     Duke    of    Clarence    to    Gen. 

Dundas  ih, 
Willis^  Brawnet  present  price  of  his  work 

ou  Parliaments  504 
JVilson^  G.  characterised  11 
ff^ilson  Manuscripts f  sale  of  185 
Winchester,  skeletons  found  at  131 

■  GuiAtfcfra/, restorations  at  635 
— — ^—   St.    Maurice,    remarkable 

entry  in  a  register  3 
fftndows,  symbolical  architectural  371 
fFindsor    Castle,    arched    subterranean 

rault  discovered  at  303 

■  St.    George* s  Chapel,  embel- 
lishments  and  restorations  in  420 

Winston,  J.  esq,  memoir  of  325 
Winter,  origin  of  the  word4  79 


ffinter  Goal  Delivery,  intended  191 

Wither Sf  Capt.  memoir  of  435 

fFix,  Rev,  Mr.  prize  instituted  by  520 

Wood,  Sir  Matthew,  memoir  of  540 

Wood,  Dr.  statue  of  177 

Woodford,  Sir  R.  character  as  governor 

of  Trinidad,  379  noU 
Worsick,  Rev.  James,  memoir  of  212 
Worksop  Manor  House,  demolition  of  636 
Wren,  Sir  C.  model  of  epitaph  to  592, 

note 
Wright,  Thos,  account  of,  requested  450 
Wright,  T.  Anecdota  Literaria  519 

— St.  Patrick's  Purgatory  520 

Year,  Ante-Homerie  477, 481 

York,  Archhp.  of,  churches  consecrated 

by  300 
York,  Duke  of,  effects  of  the  impeach- 
ment of  7 
York    Minster,  completion  of   massive 

doors  for  635 
ZuccareUi,  F.  family  group  by  591 
Zuinglius    on    the   Salvation    of    the 
Heathen  151 


INDEX  TO  BOOKS  REVIEWED. 


Anderson,  W.  Practical  Mercantile  Cor* 

respondence  402 
— —  /.  S.  M,  Redemption  in  Christ 

403 
Ancient  Gothic  Church,  and  other  Poems 

403 
Arch€Bologia,  vol.  XXX.  pt.  i.  394,  61 1 
Annuals  for  1844,621 
Armytage,  Rev.  J.  N.  G.  on  Baptismal 

Regeneration  620 
Aslolfo  59 
Austin,  S.  Fragments  from  German  Prose 

Writers  402 
Barr,  J.  Anglican  Church  Architecture 

499 
Bell,  M.  Account  of  the  opening  by,  of 

a  British  Barrow  in  Iffin's  Wood  398 
Bennett,  Rev.  W.  J.  E.  Letters  to  my 

Children  515 
Benson,  72.  Old  and  New  Sarum  385 
Besly,  J.  Sermon  preached  July  26, 1843, 

401 
Binns,  Dr.  E.  Anatomy  of  Sleep  393 
Biblia  Ecclesice  Polyglotta  61 
Breach  Downs, O^en'iu^oiTumwW  on 396 
Bride  of  Messina,  by  Schiller  605 
British  and  Foreign  Traveller* s  Guide  6 1 
Britton,  J,  Essay  on  Topographical  Li- 
terature 510 
Brown,  S.  Truth  on  both  Sides  392 
Browning*s  Bells  and  Pomegranates  1 68 
Bruce,  J.  Proceedings  in  the  Star-Cham- 
ber  399 


Burge,  W.  The  Temple  Church  399 
Butler,  S.  Emigrants*  Hand-Book  60 
Calcutta,  Bp.  of.  Charge  at  the  Primary 

Metropolitical  Visitation  621 
Cartwright,  Dr.  E.  Life  and  Writings  of 

603 
Church  Poetiy  53 
Churches  in  Cambridgeshire  and  the  Isle 

if  Ely  617 
Clarke,  Rev.  N.  Poems  60 
Classical  Museum,  No.  I.  282 
Cookesley,  Rev.  W.  G.  Sermons  619 
Collectanea  Antiqua  175 
Conyngham,    Lord   A.    Excavation    on 

Breach  Down  396 
Comwallis,  Jane  Lady,  Private  Corres- 
pondence of  280 
Cotton* 8  Bee  Book  168 
Croly,  Rev.  S.  Personal  History  of  Geo. 

IV.  161 
Daily  Service,  with  Plain-Tune  174 
Dakeyne,  J.  A,  Baptismal  Regeneration 

403 
Dasent,  G.  Prose  or  Younger  Edda  59 
Davies,  H.  View  of  Cheltenham  285 

R,  Municipal  Records  of  York  508 

Dering,  C,  Sketches  of  Human  Life  51 

De  Vei-e,  Sir  A,  Inaugural  Addresses  59 

Dirge  of  Westminster  58 

Elegiac  Poems  403 

Evans,  A.  W,  Bishopric  of  Souls  279 

Fabe^,  F.  W.  Styrian  Lake  275 

FairholtfF.W.  Lord  Mayors*  Pageants  509 


Index  to  Books  ileviewed. 


683 


Forget-Me-Not  622 

Fossy  E.  Grandeur  of  tbe  Law  50 

FreemaUf  J,  on  the  Water  Cure  59 

Friendship* s  Offering  621 

Gardner y  F.  Nature  of  Holy  Baptism  61 

Green,  Rev.   T.  Grammar  of  the  New 

Testament  56 
Gresley,  Rev,  Mr,  Bernard  Leslie  164 

W.  Church  Claveriug  402 

Griffith,  Rev,  T,  Apostles*  Creed  514 
Grittletm,  Wilts,  History  o/blO 
Gore,  Mrs.  The  Banker's  Wife  620 
Gutteridge,  T,  The  Church  must  speak 

out  59 
Harrison,  J,  Norrisian  Prize  Essay  58 
Hatcher f  H.  Old  and  New  Sarum  385 
Herbert,  H.  W,  Marmaduke  Wyvil  615 
Hexaplar  Psalter-  609 
Hoare,   Sir  R.  C,   History  of  Modern 

Wiltshire  385 
Holland,  J.  Psalmists  of  Britain  507 
Hours  in  the  Picture  Gallertf  of  Thir^ 

lestane  House  618 
Howitt,  M.  Tbe  Neighbours  402 
Iffin*s  PTood,  British  Barrow  in  398 
Illustrations  ^Baptismal  Fonts  617 
Immanuel,  or,  God  with  us  \1^ 
Jackson^  Rev,  J,  E,  History  of  Grittle- 

ton  510 
James,  G,  The  False  Heir  58 
Jay,  W,  War  and  Peace  60 
Jenyns,  Rev,  L,  While's  History  of  SeU 

borne  49 
Knowles,  J,  S,  Rose  of  Arragon  514 
Langdon,  W,  B,  Ten  Thousand  Thin^ 

relating  to  China  49 
Lathbury,  Rev,  T,  History  of  the  Con- 
vocation 501 
Laurence,  H,   History  of  Women  in 

England  163 
Lee,  E,  esq.  Animal  Magnetism  60 
Letters /rom  Madras  58 
Lincolnshire  Topog,  Society,  Papers  of  173 
Loudon,  Suburban  Horticulturist  171 

On  Laying  out  Cemeteries  172 

Love  Letters  of  Mrs  Piozzi  59 
Mackenzie,  C,  Crosby  Place  285 
Mac  Neile,  On  Mesmerism  169 
M'Neill,  Rev,  H,  Lectures  on  the  Sym- 
pathies, &c.  of  Christ  59 
Maitland,  P,    Sermon  at  St.   Petei's, 

Walworth  403 
Magazine  for  the  Young  60 
Marryatt,  Capt,  Narrative  of  the  Travels 

of  M.  Violet  620 
Markland,  J,  H,  Remarks  on  English 

Churches  400 
Maslen,  T,  J,  On  the  Improvement  of 

Towns  and  Houses  499 
Mesmerism  the  Gift  of  God  169 
Morris,  Rev,  J,  B,  Nature  52 
Mouravieff,  A,  N,  History  of  the  Church 

of  Russia  61 


Neale,  Rev,  J,  R,  Herbert  Tresham  60 
■  Rev,  S,  M,  Hierulogus  608 

Nind,  IV,  Lecture  Sermons  59 
Oakley,  Rev.  F,  Laudes  Diurnse  513 
O'Brien,  E,  The  Lawyer  5 1 
Palmer,  Rev,  W,  Narrative  of  Eventa 
connected  with  Tracts  for  the  Times 

6'l9 
Parker,  Archbp,  Copy  of  the  Invcntory- 

of  his  Goods  394 
Pearsall,  S,  Hymns  of  the  Church  513 
Pearson,  J,  N,  Sunday  Readings  59 
Peel,  Sir  Robert,  and  his  Ertt  497 
PeHls  of  the  Nation  620 
Prayers  and  Collects  arranged  for  Ih' 

mestic  Worship  619 
Preniis,  S,  Tintern,  &c.  59 
Priaulx,  O.^fejS.Qusestiones  Mosaics  27  8 
Promptorium  Parvulorum  605 
Setivens,  John,  Odes  of  Horace  615 
Sewell,  Rev,   W,  Popular  Evidences  of 

Christianity  394 
Sidney,  Hon,  H,  Diary  and  Correspond- 

dence  601 
Simpson,  N,  On  the  ameliorated  Con- 
dition of  Ireland  58 
Smith,  T,  Huisean  Lectures  for  1839>  ^73 
'  Rev,   T,  Huisean   Lectures    for 

1840,  390 

H,  S,  Parliaments  of  England  504 


Study  of  Botany  61 

Reeve,  H,  and  S,  E,  Taylor,  Translations 

from  the  German  287 
Regnault,  Papers  of  167 
Relievo  Map  of  England  and  Wales  618 
Relton,  H,  Sketches  of  Churches  55 
Rokewode,  J,  G,  On  Sculptured  Figures 

of  Welsh  Knights  at  Kilpeck  Church 

398 
Runic  Obelisk  aJt  Ruthwett  395 
Russell,  Rev.  J,  and  Rev,  T.  Burton^  Two 

Sermons  59 
lUylor,  H,  Edwin  the  Fair  277 
Dr,  W,  C.  Popular  History  of 

British  India  514  ' 

Thorpe,  Archd,  Charge  59 
Three  Questions,  The  401 
Tomlinson,  G.  Sancta  Bega  54 
Toogood,  Mrs,  S,  Simple  Sketches  60 
Tracts  on  Christian  Devotion  60 
Trench,    R,  C    Poems    from    Eastern 

Sources  616 
Trollope,  Mrs,  Hargravc  58 
Tupper,  M,  T,  Proverbial  Philosophy  287 
Tyler,  J,  E,  Father's  Letters  60 
Usbome,  r.ff.  Tales  of  tbe  Bragan2a619 
Walker,  Rev,  R,  Miraculous  Escape  59 
Way,  A.  Promptorium  Parvulorum  505 
White,  John,  England  and  ber  Interest  6 1 
Wilherforce,  Archd,  Charge  59 
Williams,   Rev.  R.  Biographical    Die. 

tionary  60 
Winslovfs  Remains  167 


684 


INDEX  TO  BOOKS  ANNOUNCED. 


Jbhott,  Capt.   Juurney  frooi  llcraut  178 
Jbram,J.  On  Practical  Arithmetic  407 
Ackermann's  Forget  Me  Not  G27 
Adams f  ff^.  Shadow  of  the  Cross  405 
Agricultural,  ^'c.  Journey  291 

■  Society,  Journal  of  66 
Agriculture,  Report  on   Employment  of 

Women  and  Children  in  178 
Ainsworth,    IV,      Claims    of   Christian 

Aborigines  178 
Aird,D.  The  Rhine  179 
AJie^'man,  J,  Y,  Coins  of  the  Romans  626 
Aldworth,  Rev,  J.  Estatica  65 
Alexis,  ff^.  Burgomaster  i.f  Btrlin  406 
Allen,  Rev,  J.N,  Diaryof  a  March  through 

Scinde  624 
Allom,  T,  China  404 
Anderson,  J,  Cloud  of  Witnesses  292 
AnketelfW.R,  Effects  of  Absenteeism  404 
Annual  Register,  1842,  623 
Archenholz,  J.  Fon,    History   of   Gus- 

tava  Vasa  177 
Archor,  W,  Rachel  of  Padanarum  516 
Arnold,  Mr,  Cromwell  169 

Dr,  Christian  Life  292 

Arundale,  K   Gallery  of  Antiquities  519 
Asher,  A.  Bibliographical  Essay  183 
Ashwell,  S,  On   Diseases  of  Women  65 
Attache,  77ur  179 
Aunt  Martha  64 

Austin,  S,  Stories  of  the  Gods  625 
Ayres,  Mrs,  H,  Conversations  on  Arith- 
metic 626 
Babington,  C,  British  Botany  66 
Baillie,    Rev,    J,     Proceedings   of  the 

Free  Church  180 
Rain,  A.  Applications   of    the  Electric 

Fluid  182 
Bainhridge,  M,  Rose  of  Woodlie  64 
Raines,  E,  The  Social,  &c.  State  of  the 

Man u fact urin<(  Districts  291 
Baird,  Rev,  R,   Religion  in   the  United 

States  624 
Baker,  C.  Book  of  Bible  Geography  293 
Bancroft,  G,     History   of    the   United 

States  623 
Barhadoes,  Bp.  of,  Charge,  1843,  625 
Barlow,  J,  On  Insanity  407 
Barr,  J,     Church  Architecture  67 
Barrington,  A,  Genealogy  Simplified  294 
Barry,  H,  On  the  Feudal  System  178 
■  Beauty  and  the  Beast  625 

Rev,  J.  Sermon  on  the  Offertory 


65 

Barwell,  Mrs,  Trials  of  Strength  517 
Bedford,  John,  Fourth  Duke  of,   Cor- 
respondence of  294 
Beeston,    W,      Etymology     of    Proper 

Names  in  the  Old  Testament  293 
Beeston,  W,  Hieronymian  Language  293 
Bell,  J,  Compositions  from  the  Liturgy 

fi27 
.     Mairs^  H.  Talcs  of  tUc  Town  179 


Bellamy,  J,  Housekeeper's  Guide  66 

Belle  of  the  Family  5 1 7 

Bellecomini,  J,  Scarlatina  293 

Ben  Bradshaw  64 

Bennet,  G,  Lay  and  Songs  of  Home  5 1 7 

Bennett,  J,  South  Australia  63 

J.  W,  Ceylon  404 

Rev,  W,  Letters  to  my  Chil- 
dren 64 
Benson,  R.  and  Hatcher,  H,    Old  and 
New  Sarum  292 

C,  Sermon  on  Galatians  181 

Bentall,  Rev,  J,  Lectures  on  the   Li. 

turgy  64 
Berry,  W,  County  Genealogies,  Herts  626 
Best,  Hon.  S,  Family  Prayers  181 
Beveridge,  H,    Necessity  of  Reforming 

the  Church  179 
Bickersteth,  Rev,  E,   Lent  Lectures  1 80 

E,  Real  Union  292 

Bingham,  jRev.t/.  Origines  Ecclesiasticae 

179 
Blackie,    Prof,  On  Subscription  to  Ar- 
ticles 517 
Black's  Picturesque  Tourist  404 
Blair,  A,  Sketches  at  Carnac  624 
Blakesley,  J,  Condones  Academics  292 
Blasson,  M,  Poetical  Star  179 
Blessington,  Ctess  of,  Meredith  179 
Blunt,   Rev,  J,    J,    Second   Part  of  a 

Course  of  Lectures  624 
Bogie,  B,  D,  The  Crisis  is  Come  405 
Bonney,H,  ^.Law  of  Common  Prayer  65 
Book  of  Games  b\9 
Borrow,  G,  The  Bible  in  Spain  291 
Bosanquet,  S,  Principia  63 
Boyd,  Sir  W,  History  of  Literature  183 
Boyton,  Dr,  Rule  of  Faith  516 
Bradley,  G,  System  of  Stenography  407 
Braid,  J,  Neurypnology  181 
BrafidU  Tables  qf  Equivalents  519 
Brereton,  Vtce-Adm,  Sir  J,  Remarks  on 

the  Coast  Fisheries  29 1 
Bremer,  F,  Strife  and  Peace  516 

President's  Daughter  406 

The  H Family  625 

Brewer,  J,  Book  of  the  Church  292 
Brindky,  T,  Evening  Walks  179 
Brooks,  C,  German  Song  63 
Brothers,  The  625 
Brougham,  Lord,  Political  Philosophy  62 

—  Letters  on  Law  Reform  515 

Historical  Sketches  623 

Brown,  Capt,  Fossil  Conchology  66 
Browne,  R,  On  Actions  at  Law  181 
^^ggi  Rev,  G.  Key  to  Modern  Contro- 
versy 517 
Bullock,  J,  L.  Chemical  Analysis  518 
Burgess,  J,  C.  Studies  of  Trees  406 
■  R,  Remembrance  of  the  Right- 

eous 292 
Burke,  P.  The  Criminal  Law  626 
Burton,  C.  Tables  of  Equiraleuts  626 


Index  to  Books  Announced. 


685 


Burton^  J.  Benthamiana  62 

liutler,  Dr.  Sermon  in  St.  Paurs  181 

Calcutta,  Bp.  of.  Charge  in  1842,  43,64 

Call,  W,  Manual  65 

Cameron,  Mrs,  Farmer's  Daughter  292 

Campbellf  Rev,  A.  Law  of  the  Rubric  65 

Lt,  C.  Excursions  in  Ceylon  178 

Cannon,  R.  Historical  Records  404 

Canticles  set  to  the  Gregorian 

Tunts  293 
Carleton,   ^^   Tales  of  the   Irish   Pea- 
santry 179 

'  R.  The  New  Purchase  178 

Carpenter,  Dr,  Popular  Cyclopaedia  519 
Campbell,  Rev,  J.  T,  Power  of  Associa- 
tion 625 
Cardall,  Rev,  JV,  Sermons  624 
Carpenter-,  W,  Mechanical  Philosophy  ^Q 

Popular  Cyclopaedia  293 

Carlwright,  Dr,  E,  Memoir  of  the  Life, 

&e.  404 
Castle  of  Falkenhourg  5 1 7 
Caswall,  A,  Hints  on  Emigration  63 
Catty,  F,  A,  History  of  the  Seven  Years* 

War  623 
Cerebral  Physiology,  Quarterly  Journal 

of  293 
Chambers,  R,  Geographical  Quest  ions  291 

— -  Cyclopoedia  518 

Chamier,  Capt,  Perils  of  Beauty  625 
Chandler,  Rev,  W,  Horae  Sacrse  65 
Chapman^  E,  J.  Practical  Mineralogy  626 

J.  King  Eric  64 

Change  for  the  American  Notes  1 78 
Charlotte-Elizabeth,  Wrongs  of  Woman 

178 
Charnock,  M,  Legendary  Rhymes  64 
Chase,  J,  Cape  of  Good  Hope  178 
Chavasse,  P.  Advice  to  Wives  293 

Advice  to  Mothers  293 

CheynCf  J,  Essays  65 

Christian  Retirement  292 

Christie,  A.  J.  On  Holy  Virginity  526 

Church  Architecture  considered  67 

Churchman,  English,  Oa  the  Use,  &c.  of 

Musical  Festivals  406 
Clark,  B,  Hand-Book  to  Kensal  Green 
Cemetery  292 

r.  Union  Time-Book406 

Juvenile  Harmonist  ib, 

Clarke,  A.  Tour  in  France  516 

H,  G.  Critical  Examination  of 

the  Cartoons  406 

Classical  Museum,  No.  I.  183 
Claughton,  P,  C,  Brief  Comparison  624 
Clayton,  Rev.  J,  Funeral  Sermon  625 
Clericus  Danmoniensis,  Bp.  of  Exeter's 

Combat  with  Fact  65, 90 
Clerke,  Archd,  Uniformity  inTeacbing293 
Clinton,  C,  Campaign  with  the  Christi- 

nos  292 
Closse,  F,  Departure  of  the  Righteous  405 

Rev,  F.  Occasional  Sermons  624 

Coghlan,  F.  Hand-Book  to  the  Channel 

Islands  404 

'  ■■  /.  Popular  Compaoion  59a 


Cole,  W,  On  Criminal  Information  181 
Colenso,    Rev.   J,    W.    Arithmetic    for 

Schools  519 
Congress,  History  qf62 
Cooke,  J.  The  Treasurers  172 

Ff^.  B.   Beauties  of  the  Isle  of 

Wight  624 
Cooper,  J,  F,  Wyandotte  406 
■  Sir  A,  Principles  of  Surgery  407 

Com  Laws,  Strictures,  &c.  178 
Cornwall^  B>  Works  of  Shakspere  518 
Courtenay,  R,  The  Future  States  405 
Cowell,  J,  fV.  Letters  to  Rt.  H.  F.  T. 

Baring  515 
Cox,  Rev,  J,  E,  Corruptions  of  Scrip- 
ture 516 
Craig,  A.  Philosophy  of  Training  294 
Creasy,  E.  Parerga  64 
Cresswell,  D,,  D,D.,  Psalms  of  David  64 
Crewe,  Sir  G,  Word  for  the  Poor  63 
Croly,  H.  Irish  Medical  Directory  66 
Crosfield,  G,  Life  of  Fothergill  177 
O'oss,  Rev,  W,  Guide  to  Greek  517 
Grossman,  Rev.  F,  Sermons  180 
Crowquill,  A,  Tutor's  Assistant  67 
Cumming,  Rev.  J,  Lectures  180 
Curling,  T.  On  Diseases  of  the  Testes  65 
Curtis,  Rev,  J.  History  of  Notts  516 
Custine,  Marq,  de,  Empire  of  the  Czar  291 
Dallas,  A,  Cottager's  Guide  292 

Prophecy  on  the  Mount  405 

Dalton,  J,  Litanies  65 
Daniel,  J,  National  Psalmody  67 
Danson,  J,  Inventor's  Manual  293 
Davey,  G,  Medical  Legal  Reflections  66 
Davidson,  C.  J.  C.  Diary  of  Travels  in 

Upper  India  624 
Davies,  R.MumcipdA  Records  of  York  177 

-  H.  View  of  Cheltenham  292 
Davison,  D.  History  of  the  Eighteenth 

Century  177,515 
Davolas  Famih/,  History  of  67 
Deacon,  E.  Guide  to  Magistrates  181 
Dealtry,  Dr.  Charge  1843,  625 
Deans,  J.  Melbourne  Church  63 
Dennis,  Rev,  E,  Obedience  to  the  Arti- 
cles 65 
De  Fere,  A.  Search  after  Proserpine  517 
DevotUmsfor  the  Sick  Room  516 
Dibdin,  R.  W.  Life  of  Edward  VI.  291 

'  Rev.  Dr.  T.  F,  Sermons  624 

Dick,  L,  Von  Zedlitz'  Todtenkraoze  294 

Distress,  Law  of\%\ 

Dimock,  Rev.  J.  Thirty-nine  Articles  1 80 

Dobson,  fy.  S.  Newton's  Dissertations  405 

Drawing  Book  qf  Objects  627 

Dyce,  Rev,  A,  Works  of  Beaumont  and 

Fletcher  179 
Eastern  Romance  625 
Eckfeldt,  J,  Manual  of  Coins  63 
Edison,  J.  S*   Doctrine  of  Dr.  Pusey's 

Sermon  517 
Education,  Reasons  against  Government 

Interference  in  178 
Edwards,  Dr.  Piety  and  Intellect  178 
^S^ertqn,  /•  Oa  Pho(ocfrapb)r  518 


686 


Inde»  to  Books  Announced. 


Elder,  A.  Tales  of  the  Iiie  of  Wight  392 
Eliermafit  C  The  Amnesty  64 
Elwifiy  F.  Mens  Corporis  65 
English  Landscape  Scenety  627 
Englishman's  Hebrew  and  Chaldee  Con' 

cor  dance  624 
Esdaile f  Rev,  D.A.cco\xni  of  Palestine  180 
ElheringtoHy  Dr.  Present  Condition  of 

the  Medical  Profession  407 
Et?ier\dge^  J.  fF",  Hone  Aramaics  407 
EvanSf  J.  Statutes  of  the  Council  of  La- 

teran  405 
—  Rev,  R.  JV,  Day  in  the  Sanc- 
tuary 516 
Exeter t  Bp.  of,  Letter  on  the  OflFertory  64 
Exposition  of  Hebrews,  XL  516 
Eyre,  Lt,  Prison  Sketches  67 
Falkner,  F,  Muck  Manual  182 
Feild,  JV,  Posthumous  Extracts  406 
Findlay,  A,  G,  Modem  Atlas  516 
Fisk,  Rev,  G,  Pastor's  Memorial  516 
Fisher,  6.  Ptiotogenic  Manipulation  182 

'  Drawing.RoomScrap-Book627 

Fletcher,  JV.  E,  Child's  Guide  405 
Flower  Garden  66 
Folson,  G,  Despatches  of  Hernando  Cor* 

tez  515 
Forbes,  M.  Inaugural  Lecture  182 
■  J,  Z>.  Travels  through  the  Alps 

292 

/.  Grammar  of  English  and  Gae- 
lic 407 
Ford,  F.  J,  First  Lessons  on  Landscape 

627 
Formby,  Rev.  H,  Visit  to  the  Earl  63 
Fox,  W,  /.  Life  of  C.  R.  Pemberton  623 
Fragments  of  Expositions,  ^c.  516 
France,  her  GoTernmental,  &c.  Organi- 
sation considered  623 
Fresenius,  Dr,  New  Methods  of  Alkali- 
metry 626 
Friendship's  Offering  627 
Frost,  J,  Book  of  the  Navy  62 
Gael,  S»  H.  Book  of  Precedents  407 
Gallatin,  Hon.  A.  On  the  North  East 

Boundary  177 
Garbett,  J.  Dr.  Pusey,  &c.  405 

Rev,  /.  Reriew  of  Dr.  Pusey's 


Sermon  517 
'  Parochial  Sermons  180 

Gardner,  Dr,  Letters  on  Chemistry  518 
— — ^  Rev,  J.  Memoirs  of  Christian 

Missionaries  625 
Gascoyne,  R.  The  Patriarch  292 
Geneste,  Rev,  M,  Parallel  Histories  179 
Geology  and  Geologists  294 
GianVs  CattsettHzy,  Eighteen  Viewsof  292 
Gillmor,  Rev,  W.  The  Pue  System  519 
Gliddon,  G,  R,  Ancient  Egypt  404 
Goldsmith,  G,  English  Bar  626 
Goode,  Rev,  F.  Sermons  624 
Good/ellow,  Dr,   London   Physiological 

Journal  518 
Gore,  Mrs,  The  Birthright  625 
-  Banker^s  Wife  406 

G99pekC9(kiUd  by  «  Banister  404 


Gounier,  F.  B.  What  is  the  Church  ?  685 
Govett,  R.  Treatise  on  Hades  892 
Grcufy,  S.  Registration  of  Voters'  Act  1 8 1 
Graftam,  Dr.  Pages  on  Hydropathy  188 
—  Retf.  J.    Essays  for  Family 

Reading  624 
GranvUle,  Dr.  Spas  Revisited  404 
Gray,  Airs.  History  of  Etniria  177 
Greaves,  C.  S.  Treatise  of  Crimes  and 

Misdemeanors  291 
GrettoHf  F.  Parochial  Sermons  893 
Griffin,  G.  Life  of  623 
Griffith,  Dr.  Practical  Manual  686 
Grinfield,  E.  G.  Nov.  Test.  Grccum  406 
Guiftness,  J.  Sketches  of  Nature  8^ 
Guizot,  Mad,  The  Young  Student  685 
GuthfHe,  J.  Laws  of  En^and  518 
Guy's  HospUal  Reports  696 
Guy,  W.  A,  Forensic  Medicine  407 
Gwilliam,  J.  Rambles  in  Isle  of  Wight  63 
Hale,  Archd,  Case  of  Obedience  65 
Hall,  J.  Clinical  Reooarka  66 

Rev,  R.  Practical  Exposition  180 

Dr.  On  the  Nenrooa  System  518 

Mr.  andMrs.Week  at  Killamey  404 

Halliwell, «/.  O.  Foundation  Documents 

of  Merton  College  178 
Halton,  Rev.  T.  Exposition  of  Church 

Catechism  180 
Hamerton,  J.  Arboriealture  519 
Hanley,  S.  Lamarck's  Species  of  Shells 

519 
Harding,  J.  D.  Baronial  Halls  519 
Harrington,  E.  Brief  Notes  180 
Harris,  W.  On  Thunderstorms  6^ 
Hart,  Capt.  Costumes  of  Affghanistan 

182 
Harte,  Rev.  H.  H.  On  Mechanics  518 
Hastings,  J.  On  Pulmonary  Consump* 

tion  293 
Hatcher's  Hist,  of  Salisbury  898.   Origi. 

nal  Preface  to  History  of  Samm  518 
Hatton,  G.  Fidelity  517 
Hawkins,  B.  W.  Science  of  Drawing  519 
Hay,  D.  R.  Proportion  406 
Head,  H,  E.  TracU  516 
Heald,  W.  M.  Duties  of  the  Clergy  405 
Heath's  Book  of  Beauty  627 
Heavens  Itlustraied  626 
Henry  Vernon  517 

Henshaw,  Dr.  Memoir  of  Dr.  Moore  404 
Herbert,  H.  Marmaduke  Wyvil  179 
Hetherington,  W.  M.  History  of  West- 
minster  Assembly  62 

. Dr.  On  Instinct  626 

Hexaplar  PsaUer  179 

Hickie,  D,  Virgilii  Georgium  67 

Hierurgia  AngUcana  179 

Higginsony  F.  Smugglers  292 

Hilt,  G.  What  Is  the  Church  of  Christ  ? 

405 
Historical  Record  of  the  Light  Hone 

Volunteers  404 
Holdsworth,  /.  H.  Memoranda  516 
Holland,  Dr,  Vital  Statistics  518 
ii9fm$f  /•  Mount  Grace  Abbey  406 


Index  to  Books  Announeed. 


687 


Holnu8,  W.  Oakleigh  179 

Hookf  Dr.  Mutual  Forbearance  3d3 

Hooker,  Sir  W,  Icones  Plantarum  2d4 

Hvpty  A,  Poems  64 

Hopkins,  Lt,  C.  New  Theory  of  Tides  636 

M,  Philosopher's  Stone  406 

Hours  in  Lord  Xortkwick*s  Picture  Gal- 
lery 406 
Howitt,  W.  Peter  Scblemihl  517 
Hughes fH,  Congregational  Psalmody  519 
Hugo,  V,  Excursions  on  the  Rhine  63 
Humphreys^  H,  British  Moths  6S 
Huptotif  J,  Essays,  &c.  on  Gospel  180 
Ignotust  P,  Arcbitectura  Canonica  406 
Illustrations  qf  Baptismal  Ibnis  519 
Influence  of  Respect  for  Outward  Things 

405 
Insect  Jforld  294 
Ireland  and  its  Rulers  515 

and  the  IrishPeople,Hiiiory  of  6913 

■  OS  a  Kingdom^  Sfc.  6S3 

Jarves,  J.  Hist,  of  the  Hawaian  Islands  63 
Jebb,  Rev.  J,  Choral  Service  182 
JenkinSf  R.  Plea  65 
Jesse,  /,  H.  George  Selwyn  62 
Johnes,  J.  Philological  Proofs  183 
Johnson,  Dr.  Hydropathy  407 
— —  C.  Annual  Register  of  Agri- 
cultural Implements  182 

H.  C.  Invisible  Universe  Dis- 


closed 626 

/)r.  Hydropathy  182 

C,  Judgments  in  the  Braintree 


Church  Rate  Case  65 
Johnston,  A.  K.  National  Atlas  515 
Jones,  C.  T.  Essay  180 

G.  Ancient  America  62 

Jukes,  £.  On  Cure  of  Smoky  Rooms  66 

Julian,  or  Scenes  in  Judea  625 

Juvenile  Scrap.Rook  627 

Keepsake  627 

Kelly,  Rev.  D.  Sabbath  Evening  Read- 

ings  625 
Kennedy,  C,  R.  Poems  625 

H.  Epidemic  of  Scarlatina  518 

T.  Code  of  Practice  181 

Kime,  W.  On  Replication  de  InJuriA  181 

King  Henry  the  Second  64 

King,  Lord  P.  Primitive  Church  292 

Mr.  Specimens  of  Furniture  182 

A,  J.  On  Late  Hours  in  Business 

404 
Kingston,  W.  Circassian  Chief  179 
Kip,  Rev.  W.  History,  &c,  of  Lent  64 
Knowles,  T.  Sermons  180 
Krasinski,  Count,  The  Poles  177 
Kuhner,  R.  Greek  Grammar  625 
Lake,  J,  Battle  of  Loncharty  179 
Lambert,  J.  Psalms  at  Vespers  406 
Landed  Interests,  Sfc.  qf  Great  Britain, 

Observations  on,  178 
Lane,  O.  W.  Selections  from  the  Kur-&n 

626 
Lang,  W.  Mesmerism  407 
Latham,  R.    {?•    ElejMHtary   £agU«b 

Grammar  407 


Lauder,  Sir  T.  Royal  Progress  in  Scot- 
land 178 
Lawrance,  F.  Treatise  of  Life  Assurance 

178 
LecHe,  Mrs.  The  Guardian  292 
Lectures  on  the  CenversUn  of  the  Jews  5 1 6 
Lee,  Dr.  Eusebius  179 
— —  E.  On  Lucid  Somnambulism  2<)4 

/.  Y.  On  Abstracts  of  Titles  626 

Lees,  E.  Botany  of  Malvern  Hills  294 

F.  History  of  Alcohol  66 

Legends  and  TradUicnary  Stories  625 
Leslie,  Rev.  A.  Memoir  of  the  late  Rev. 

G.  B.  Parsons  516 
Letters  from  the  Virgin  Islands  63 
Lever ^Dr,  On  Diseases  of  the  Uterus  626 
Lewis,  G.  Font  at  Waliingham  182 

W.  D.  Law  of  Perpetuity  407 

Uddell,  H.  G.  Greek-English  Lexicon 

406.    abridged  ib. 
Lieutenant  and  Crooked  Midshipman  517 
Lighter  Hours  517 
Lumley,  fT.  Statutes  relating  to  the  Poor 

Law  294 
Lincoln,  Bp.  qf.  Charge  in  1843,  517 
Little,  W,  J.  On  Ankylosis  407 
Lloyd,  C.  on  Factory  Bill  63 
Loch,  Cdpi.  G.  Closing  Events  62 
Lowe,  R.  Fishes  of  Madeira  294 
Lynn,  T.  New  Star  Tables  407 
Lyon,  Rev.  C.J.  Hist,  of  St.  Andrew's  624 
Maccall,  W.  Doctrine  of  Individuality  405 
M'Crindell,  R.  The  English  Governess 

625 
McDonnell,  E.  The  Crisis  Unmasked  291 
Macdonogh,  Rev.  T.  M.  Practkal  Com- 
mentary on  James  624 
M^Dowall,  W.  CsBsar  183 
M*Queen,  /.  Journals  of  Messrs.  Isen- 

berg404 
M*yicker,  A.  Expedition  to  the  Mis- 

souri  63 
M*Pfilliam,  Dr.  Medical  History  of  the 

Niger  Expedition  65 
Madden,  R.  R.  United  Irishmen  62 
Manufacturing    Districts,    Social,  &c. 

State  of  291 
Marriott,  Rev.  C.  Sermons  624 

■  W.  Collection  of  Miracle  Plays 
626 
Marryatt,  Capt.  Travels  of  Moss.  Violet 

516 
Marsh,  Dr.  J.  Remains  of  405 
Marshman,  Dr.  Biog.  Sketches  of  178 
Martin,  R.  M.  Ireland  before  and  after 

the  Union  624 
Mariineau,  J.  Discourses  180 
Maslen,T.  Suggestions  for  Houses,&c.  1 82 
Maton,Dr.  Natural  History  of  Wilts. 406 
Maugham,  R.  Laws  relating  to  Attor- 
neys 518 
Maurice,  F.  D.  Methods  of  Supporting 

Protestantism  517 
Maury,  F.  On  the  Dental  Art  66 
MaxweU,  W.  Fortimes  of  Hector  O'HaU 
loraa  64 


688 


Index  to  Booh  Announced. 


Medicus,  Hints  for  Ptidestriana  518 
Mercler,  Rev.  L,  P.   Manual  of  Greek 

Prosody  625 
Mills^  J,  Horse- keeper's  Guide  182 

Stage  Coach  406 

AlilneTf  Maryt  Sketches  62 
Rev,  T.  Astronomy  and  Scrip- 
ture 182 
Miracles  of  Chritt  517 
Mitchellj  Lt.'Col,  Remaiks  on  the  First 

Operations  at  Waterloo  404 
MUfordt  Rev.  J.  Correspondence  of  Gray 

a'nd  Nicholls518 
Monkhousey  TV.  Churches  of  York  624 
Monroe's  Summer  Rambles  63 
Montgomery,  R.  Eight  Sermons  405 
Moore^  G.  Views  on  the  Nile  182 
AJoti,  F.  Flora  Odorata  182 

J,  T.  Last  Days  of  Francis  I,  406 

Morris,  E.  J.  Tour  through  Turkey  404 

i J.  Catalogue  of  British  Fossils  2.94 

T.  E.  Sermon  181 

Rev.  J.  Prize  Essay  180 

Mosgrove,  F.  J. Treatise  on  the  Liver  5 1 8 
Moultrie,  J.  Dream  of  Life  64 
Murray,  J.  World  of  London  63 

_«. Eev.  J.  National  Education  65 

I  —  Hon.  R,  D*  Summer  at  Port 

Philip  624 
. Handbook  for  France  179 


Napier,  Lt,   C.  Reminiscences  of  Syria 

178 
Napper,  Rev.  W.  Exposition,  &c.  64 
Nash,  C.  War  in  Affghanistan  291 
Neale,  Rev.  J.  Agnes  de  Tracy  64 

Ay  ton  Priory  1 80 

. Rev.  J.  M.  Hierologus  624 

J.M.  Symbolism  of  Churches  405 

Needlework,  Ornamental^  Hints  on  407 
Newman,  F.  English  Universities  178 

. J,  H.  Essay  on  the  Miracles  180 

Nimrod,  Hunting  Reminiscences  406 
Noble,  D.  Facts  and  Observations  182 
O'Brien^  Bp.  On  Sy nodical  Poems  517 

TV.  Speech,  July  4,  404 

O'Connell,  Rev.  T.  J.  Letter  to  Dr.  Pusey 

517 
Odell,  G.  New  Testament  in  Short  Hand 

183 
Olin,  Rev.  S.  Travels  in  Egypt  178 
Oliver,  Rev.  Dr.  G.  Spirit  of  Masonry 

178.     Monasticon  295 
Olmstead,  F.  Whaling  Voyage  63 
Osborne,  J.  Guide  to  the  Madeiras  516 
Ov  Tls,  Cowper's  Odyssey  406 
Outline  Geographical  Atlas  hXQ 
Owen,   R.    Lectures    on     Comparative 

Anatomy  293 
Pacca,  Card.  B.  Notes  on  the  Ministry 

of  404 
Page,  J.  R.  Burnet's  Exposition  404 
Paget,  F.  Tract  on  Tombstones  67 

F.  E.  The  Pageant  292 

Palmer,  W.  Law  of  Wreck   181 
Parkinson,  R,  Old  Church  Clock  406 


Parley,  Peter,  Persevere  and  Prosper  64 

Cheerful  Cherry  64 

Pamell,  E.  A.  Applied  Chemistry  518 
Parry,  E.  Cambrian  Mirror  292 
Parsons,    Lieut,    Nelsonian     Reminis- 
cence 177 
Pasley,  MaJ.-Gen,  On  Sieges  519 
Paxton,  Dr.  Medical  Friend  182 
Payne,  G.  The  Question  63 
Penrose,  Rev.  C.  T.  Orations  of  Demos- 

thenes  517 
■  /.  Moral  Principle  of  the  Atone- 

ment 405 
Pereira,  •/•  On  Food  and  Diet  181 

On  Polarised  Light  512 

Perkins,  Rev.  J.  Residence  in  Persia  1 78 

Perru,  W.  C.  Prayer-Bell  516 

Peter,  W.  Maid  of  Orleans  635 

Peto,  J.  On  Spontaneous  Combustion  S6 

Phreninger,  Dr.  C.  Charcoal  Burners  64 

Philadelphia,  Reports  of  Assoeiatim  of 

American  Geologists  in  66 
Phillippo,  J.  M,    Jamaica  516 
Philips,  H.  Enjoyment  of  Angling  66 
Pickering,  Miss  E.  Friend  or  Foe  64 
Pictor,  F.  Handbook  of  Taste  IBS 
Picturesque  Annual  627 
Piercy,  Bp.  Charge,  April  1843,  51? 
Plain  Sermons,  vol.  V.  624 
Plunkett,  Hon.  E.  Address  63 
Poole,  G.  A.  Twelve  Practkuil  Sermons 

625 
Popular  Flower's  519 
Porter,  J.  Agricultural  Questions  63 
Postans,    T,  Personal  Observations  on 

Sindh  291 
Powis,  Earl  if.  Speech  of  178 
Poyndei,  Rev.  F.  Prize  Essay  181 
Prayer  for  the  Church  Militant  65 
Prescoit,  W.  H.  Conquest  of  Mexico  633 
Preston,  H.   E.  Salvation  of  Christ  405 
Price,  L.  Interiors  in  Venice  182 

Rev.    T.    Wisdom    of     Shak- 

speare  518 
Pridden,  Rev.  W.  Australia  624 
Prideaujc,   C.    Registration  of   Voters 

Act  181 
Pritchett,  Dr.  on  the    African  Reroit- 

tant  181 
Psalms,  Hebrew  and  English  179 
'  Remarks  on  the  Book  of  516 

Puller,  T.   Moderation  of    the  Church 

516 
Pusey,  Rev.  E.  The  Holy  Eucharist  181 
Quested,  J.  Art  of  Land  Surveying  294 
Quin,  M.  Steam  Voyages  on  the  Seine 

178 
Raikes,  Rev.  H.  Modern  Judaism  516 
Raleigh,   W.  on   Idiopathic   Dysentery 

293 
Ransome,  J.   Implements  of    Agricul- 
ture 294 
Randall,  Rev.  J,  Sermons  on  Joel,  &c. 

180 
RawstornefL,  on  Lancashire  Farming  519 


Index  to  Books  Announced. 


689 


Reade,  J,  Sacred  Poems  64 
Rector  in  Search  of  a  Curate  1 80 
Rede,  W,  Music  for  the  Million  182 
Redfieldy  W.  On  Whirlwind  Storms  294 
Redhead,  R.  Laudes  Diurnae293 
Reid,  Mrs.  H.  Plea  for  Woman  624 
Rendle,  W,  On  the  Tank  System  66 
RepeaUgitation,  Suggestions  for  Check- 
ing 291 
Retz8ch*s  Outlines,  7th  Series  519 
Riddle,  Rev,  J,  E,  Pastoral  Charge  625 
Riethmuller,  C.Launcelot  of  the  Lake  179 
Rimbault,  E.  F.  Order  of  Chanting  519 
Roberts,  M.  Ruins  and  Old  Trees  406 
Robertson,  J.  How  shall  we  Conform  64 

/.  JB.  Symbolism  516 

Rogers,  G,  Simplicity  Corrupted  65 

Rev.  H,  Family  Devotion  625 

Romantic  Fiction  625 

Romer,  Mrs.  The  Rhone,  &c,  63 
Ross,  Capt,  Antarctic  Botany  66 
Rule  based  on  the  Word  of  Qod  180 
Ruriginia,  The  Packet  Examined  291 
Sabine,  Lt..Col,  E,  on  Days  of  unusual 

Magnetic  Disturbances  626 
Sabre,  Torn,  Lyre  and  the  Sword  406 
St.  Mm,  J.  A,  Sir  Cosmo  Digby  517 
Salisbury,    Bp,  of.   Obedience     to   the 

Law  of  God  517 
Sampson,  M.  B»   Phrenological  Theory 

518 
Sarum,  Dean  of,  Charge  by  405 
Scholefield,  J.  Dobree's  Adversaria  183 

/.  iEscbyli  Eumenides  625 

Scott,  J.  Cataract  293 

W.  Existence  of  Evil  Spirits  64 

Scriven,  J.  Odes  of  Horace  406 
Scrope,  Memoir  of  Ld.  Sydenham  291 
Scudamore,  Visit  to  Grafenberg  181 
Scurray,  F.  Metrical  Version  64 
Sears,  B.  Essays  67 
Sewell,  IV,  Duty  of  Young  Men  181 

JR.  C.  Law  of  Coroner  518 

Shaw,  H,  Alphabets,  &c.  294 

5.  Tables  of  Characteristics  626 

Shene,  F,  M,  F.  Isles  of  Greece  517 
Shoolbred,  M,  Ancient  History  177 
Silvestre,  M,  Alphabet  Album  626 
Simisch,  Rev,  C,  Justin  Martyr  62 
Simpson,    Rev,    R.    Traditions  of   the 

Covenanters  517 
Sir  Hornbook  64 

Siade,  J,  Plain  Parochial  Sermons  405 
Slater,  Mrs,  Little  Prince's  Anecd.  625 
Sleigh,  fV.  Aids  to  Reflection  516 
Sligo,  A.  S,  Family  Essays  405 
Smeeton,  W,  Marital  Hygiene  66 
Smith,  J.  Memoirs  of  Pombal  177 
•  J,  Productive  Farming  66 

J.  Forest  Trees  406 

W,  Greek  and  Roman  Biography 


291 

Smyth,  G.  L.  Biographical  Illustrations 
of  Westminster  Abbey  404 
Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XX. 


Snape,  J.  Physiology  of  the  Teeth  66 
Soames,  H,  Romish  Re-action  181 
Sopwith,  T*  Account  of  the  Museum  of 

Economical  Geology  294 
Spalding,  5.  Christian  Morals  624 
Spellan,  J.  N.  Vestry  Clerk  407 
Spencer,  Dr,  Charge  at  Madras  180 
Spur  gin.  Rev.  J,  Voice  of  Warning  180  1 
Stapleton,  A,    G,    The    Real  Monster 

Evil  of  Ireland  291 
Steinau,  Dr.  Hereditary  Diseases  518 
Stent,  W.  Egypt  in  1842,  63 
Stewart,  E,  Hindu  Priestess  179 

E,  M,  Lord  Dacre  625 

Strickland,  A,  Lives  of  the  Queens  177 
Stoddart,  Rev,  G.  H.  on  the  Psalms  625 
Story,  Dr,  J.  Commentaries  63 
Stoughton^  Tractarian  Theology  405 
Summer  Excursions  in  Boanff  179 
Summerly,  F,  Home  Treasury  64,  625. 
Handbook    179.     Little  Red   Riding 
Huod  179.     Bible  Events  182.     Day's 
Excursion  292 
Suitor,  Culture  of  the  Grape  Vine  182 
Swain,  Rev,  J.  Redemption  64 
Swanwick,  A,  Selections  64 
Sydney,  A.  Letter  to  T.  Wyse  67 
Tacitus^  First  Book  of  Annals  67 
Tagart,  E.  Lives  of  Reformers  62 
Tales  of  the  Colonies  179 
TalLis,  T.  Hymns  of  the  Church  182 
Tattam,  Defence  of  the  Church  405 
Tayler,  H»  J.  Greek  Grammar  407 
Taylor,  J.  S.  Writings  of  294 

Serj,-MoQ,,  Life  in  the  Ranks  291 

W.  B.  S,,!i  Fresco  Painting  627 

Teignmouth,  Lord,  Memoir  of  62 
Teste,  A,  Practical  Manual  of  Animal 

Magnetism  293 
Thatcher,  B,  Indian  Biography  177 
Theodoretus,  History  of  the  Church  515 
Thompson,  Rev,  E,  Sermons  64 
Thornton,  H.  On  the  Ten  Command- 
ments 625 
Thmpe,  Archd.  Charge,  July  1843,  517 
Thrupp,  J,  Historical  Law  Tracts  518 
Tighe,  Mrs.  Psyche  517 
Tizard,  TV.  L.  Theory  of  Brewing  407 
Tottie,  C.  Sepulchral  Monumenu  519 
Townshend,  Rev.  C.  Oral  Teaching  181. 

Rev.  G.  Scriptural  Communion  179 
Trebor,  E»  Hoyle's  Games  519 
Trials  of  Taste  179 

Trocke,  Rev.  T.  Confession  and  Abso- 
lution 517 
Trollope,  Mrs.  Barnabys  293 
— — —  Jessie  Phillips  517 
TVower,    W.    Israel    delivered   out    of 

Egypt  293 
Turner,  J.  English  Grammar  183 
Tuson,  Rev.  F.  E.  Sermon  624 
Twining,  fFi  Account  of  Cretinism  66 
Twiss,  T,  On  Money  63 
Urquhari,  D.  Appeal  against  Faction  1 78 

4  T 


690 


Index  to  Books  Announced* 


VrwicK  iV*  Tbougbtf  180 

Vaughan,    Dr,    Protestant     Non-con- 
formity 181 

yiolin,  Handbook  of  183 

Voice  from  the  Vintage  63 

Walker^    C,   Proceeds  of  London  Elec- 
trical Soc.  66,  Electrical  Magazine  182 

— ^— -  R,  T,  Memoir   of  Hilmar  Er- 
nest Rauscbenbusch  891 

Oculist's  Vade  Mecum  6^6 


Wallace,  J.  Pastoral  Recollections  S93 
WalpolCf  Horace,  Letters  of  177 
fVardy  G.  Foundation  Statutes  62 

.  H.  G.  on  the  Irish  Church  404 

—  /.  Stoke-upon-Trent  404 

IV.  Simple  Cobbler  292 

Waring,  G,  Letters  from  Malta  63 
Warner,  R.  Apustacy  from  Christ  405 
fVaterson,  R»  C  On  Moral  Culture  405 
->  fV,  Cyclopedia  of  Commerce 

63 
fVatson,  Rev,  A,  Catechism  180 

Rev.  T,  Sbiloh's  Sceptre  180 

fVatson,  Dr.  Lectures  518 

Weale's  Papers  on  Engineering  519 
'  Papers  on  Architecture  519 

Weaver,  R.  View  of  Pusevism  405 
Weeding,  Dr.  The  Wet  Sheet  518 
Weitbrechi,  Mrs,  Female  Missions  181 
TVhately,  Archhp.  Charge  293 
fVheeler,  C.  Herodotus  67 
White,  G.  Proceedings  in  Equity  294 
TVhitelaw,  A.  Book  of  Scottish  Song 625 


Whitley,  N.    Application  of  Geology  to 

Agriculture  6^6 
Whittock,  N.  Photogenic  Drawing  519 
Witiich,  W.  Lexicon  to  Homer  407 
Wilcox,  J.  Lisar's  Views  624 
Wilde,  W.  Austria  63 
ff^lkinson,  J,  Animal  Kingdom  294 
— — -  J.  Law  of  Shipping  65 

■■■  Rev.  PV.  W.  Christ  the  Alpha 
and  Omega  625 
Williamt,  Capt.  W.  Steam  Manual  66 

-^— C.  /.  B.  Principles  of  Medi^ 

cine  518 
WUmot,  Tribute  to  Hydropathy  182 
^Uon,  T.  The  Pitman's  Pay  517 
Woods,  8.  Preserration  of  Documents 

from  Fire  519 
WooUey,  T.  Gorgias  of  Plato  67 
fVordsworth,  Dr.  C.  Tbeophilus  Angli- 
can us  624.    Church  Extension  65 

Registration  of  Voters  Act  181 

fV.  A.  Catechism  of  Music  519 

Worgan,  J,  Speculum  Ecclesis  293 
Wormald,  T.  Anatomical  Sketches  518 
Wright,Dr.Ofi  Physical  and  Intellectual 
Life  178 

G.  N.  Works  of  Berkeley  404 

Wynn,  H.  fV.  Ravencourt  517 
Yarmouth  Hand  Book  298 
Yarrel,  W.  British  Birds  66 
Yates,  J.  Textrinum  Antiquarum  393 
Yorkcy   C.  /.   Church  of    Christ    por- 
trayed 405 


%•  For  Index  to  Poetry,  see  end  of  Preface. 


INDEX  TO  NAMES. 

Including  Promotions,  Preferments,  Births,  Marriages,  and  Deaths.-^The  longer  Articles 
of  Deaths  are  entered  in  the  preceding  Index  to  Essays. 


Abbott,  Maj.  A.86. 

A.  442.  A.S.553. 

M.  A.  108 
Abdy,  C.  B.  551 
Abercrumby,  J.  199 
Abinger,  Ld.  646 
Abraham,  T.  E.426 
Absolom,  G.  664 
Acland,  Mrs.  A.  H. 

D.  198.    Mrs,  T. 

D.  198 
Acocks,  M.  A.  646 
Adam,  Sir  F.  85 
Adams,  A.  D.  538. 

£.    C.    538*      Sa 

M.  429 
Adair,  Mrs.  86 
Addison,    E.     215. 

M.S.  105 
Adeney,  J.  197 
Adlington,  T.  103 
Adolphus,  A.  104 
Agar,  J.  447.     W. 

T.  428 
Ahmuty>M.  88 


Ainslie,  C.  P.  427 
Ainsworth,  Maj.  O. 

85.     T.  197 
Aitken,   I.  F.  538. 

R.  426 
Akenhead,  D.  647 
Alava,  Gen.  447 
Albert,  Pr.  85,  J 98, 

426 
Albutt,  M.  221 
Aldam,  W.  648 
Alder,  W.  536 

Alderson, Lady,  537 
Aldridge,  Mrs.  311 

Alexander,  Bp,  427. 

E.  G.    558.     W. 

332 
Alexis,  A.  199 
Alford,  W.  310 
Alington,  M.  555 
Alison,  C.  222 
Allan,  C.  441.  M. 

A.  440 
Allen,  C.    F.    310. 

H.645.    Hon. J* 


A.  312.      J.    L. 

430.   M.  551.  R. 

A.  538.     S.  428. 
Alley,  J.  H.  107 
Alley n,  A.  313 
Allfree,  W.  E.648 
Allingham,    J.    D. 

446 
Allnutt,  A.  219 
Almack,  H.  88 
Alston,  E.  D.  220 
Althainty,  C.  J.  88 
Ames,  E.  666 
Amys,  E.  444 
Ancona,  F.  S.  328 
Anderson,  Maj.647w 

M.  A.  200 
Andrews,  J.  G.  J  98 
Angus.  E.  G.  558 
Annesley,  E.332 
Anson,    Dow.   Vis. 

103.    Lady  A.  F. 

537.     T.A.  426 
Anstey,  F.  556.   T. 

667 


An8truther,Mrs.86. 

G.  C.  558 
Antrobus,  J.  429 
Aplin,  Maj.  A.  85. 

Lt.-Col.  A.  S.  H. 

197 
Apperley,    C.   103. 

J.  H.  107 
Apthorp,  C.  538 
Arabin,  M.  329 
Arbuthnot,       Mrs. 

537.  G.  668.  Lt.- 

G.  Sir  R.  85 
Archhold,W.  557 
Archdall,  W.  10 
Archer,    Mrs.  646. 

E.  646.     M.   L. 

200.    T.  214 
Aston,  A.  645 
Annesley,  E.  C.  554 
Armitage,  L.  H.  88 
Armitstead,  J.  214 
Armytage,       Lady 

198.     L.  H  88. 

199 


Index  to  tfametl  i69l 

Arnold, D. 331.  W.  Ballantyne,J.B.647  Belaney,  R.  536  Blackmore^M.  106 

H.  310  Ballard,  T.  S.  663  Beldam,  Mrs.  443  Blackwood,  W.  198 

Arroyave,    Mrs.  A.  Balmain,  F.313  Belfour,  H.  109  Blair,  A.  P.  101 

de  311  Balmanno,  A.  664  Bell,E:.  538.    E.  H.  Blake,A.  E.  198.  D. 

Arundle,    Ctss.  of  Bangor,  Visc'ss.  646       443.  Maj.  G.  197.  446.  E.  313.    M. 

647  Bankbead,  C.  645          G.  J.  558.    J.  H.  330 

Ash,  H.  A.  222  Banks,  J.  200                 537.     W.  O.  537  Blaker,  H.  M.  199 

Ashburnbam,      Sir  Bankes,  E.  D.  218  Bellairs,  J.  329  Blaklston,  C.  218. 

W.  108  Barclay,  F.  528.  M.  Bellamy,  C.  103.  L.  J.  85.     M.  430 

Asebebeg,B*r'nes8,       87*     M.  A.  647          310  Blanckenhagen,  M. 

V.  447  Bark,  J.  43  Bellingham,     Mrs.  220 

A8bhurst,W.H.219  Barker,  E.  221.  M.        311,647  Bland,   F.  C.  666. 

Ashley,  C.  443.     J.        108.  '  M.  E.  200.  Benn,  Capt.  429  W.  332 

197                               P.  W.   110.      S.  Bennet,  J.  310  Blandford,      Marq. 

Ashmore,  Mrs.  554        330  Bennett,  C.  442.E.  of,  313 

Astley,  H.  W.  552  Barkworth,  E.  538        L.   539.      F.   H.  BlanCyre,  Ld.  647 

Atfield,  F.  B.  647  Barlow,  J.  S.  T.  646        199.     H.SE.  B.  Biatcb,  J.  109,  648 

Atherley,  S.  200  Barnard,    Hon.    C       334.  J.  H.  220  Blaydes,  F.  H.  199 

Atkinson,    C.    213.       428.     H.  664  Benson,  S.  85,  312  Blencowe,  E.  214. 

S.  647  Barnes,  C.  J.  310.  Bentall,  H.  87  J.  J.  87 

Atteuburrow,J.667       J.  440.    W.539  Bentinck,  Maj.  C.  Blenhiron,  B.  85 

Auber,  C.  330  Barr,  Maj.  M.  426          85.     Lady  M.  C.  Blenkins,  W.  B.  G. 

Aubert,  J.  L.  198  Barrett,  J.  R.  646.        664.  Lady  W.  Ill  197 

Austen,  J.  W.  313.       T.  88  Bentley,E.  103,429.  Blenman,  J.  329 

M.  329  Barry,  C.  312                  J.  C.  430  Blood,  F.  214 

Austin,Capt.H.197  Bartbop,  L.  87  Benton,  P.  647  Bloodwortb,  L.  107 

Avarne,  A.  554  Bartlett,     1,    668.  Benyon,  M.216  Bloomfield,  E.  539 

Ayscough,A.  M.G.       M  L.648.T.M.664  Beresford,  Lady  G.  Blore,  H.  198 

648  Bartley,  W.  T.  108        216.     F.  W.  312.  Blount,  Capt.  216 
Aysbford,  M.  106  Bartolozzi,  Mad.  T.       G.  215,  646  Bloxham,  H.  53B 
Babb,  Mrs.  554.  E.        216  Bernard,  R.  M.427.  Blucbe,  W.  102 

428  Barton,  A.  T.  [445.       T.T.  536  Blunt,  J.  327 

Babington,  B.  313.       T.  647  Bernstein,  T.S.  31 2  Blytb,  M.    88.     S. 

J.  310.    M.  313  Barttelot,  C.  108  Berry,  E.  666  670 

Bache,  T.  441  Baskerville,W.  327  Bertram,  A.  B.  332  Boake,  B.  86 

Backhouse,  E.  648.  Bassett,  R.  648  Best,  A.  331.    Mrs.  Boden,  L.  430 

L.  221.     T.  110.  Bate,  A.  312                   J.  445  Boevey,  A.  A.  538 

W.  648  Bateman,C.E.313.  Bethune,A.332.  G.  Bohn,  J.  553,  663 

Bacon,  N.  H.  107          Hon.  E.  215               A.  312  Boileau,  F.  222 

Bagg,  T.  313  Bates,  C.  J.  556.J.  Betts,  D.  430.     E.  Bolding,  E.312 

Bagge,  J.  536                 M.  331                          L.  312  Bolton,  H.  C.  £.86. 

Bagnall,  T.  104  Bateson,  W.  H.  645  Bevan,  D.  B.  645  T.  648 

Bagot,    Miss    313.  Batburst,  G.334  Beverley,  W.  335  Bompas,  M.  G.  87 

G.  539.     H.  310  Batten,  Mrs.  86.  E.  Bicknell,  Mrs.  441  Bond,  Maj.  H.  645. 

Bagsbawe,  H.  331         428  Biddulph,  C.  443  R.  332 

Bailey,  R.  221  Bauer,  Prof.  223  Bidewell,  E.  T.  648  Bonnine,  T.  S.  198 

Bailleul,  M.  222  Baxter^Ass.  Surg.33  Bidwell,  Miss  88.  S.  Bonsor,  J. 441.    T. 

Baillie,  Hon.  Mrs.  Baylis,  C.  M.  430           330  444 

198.     P.P.  312  Bayly,  Mrs.  537  Biggar,  M.  558  Booth,    Lady   198. 

Bainbridge,  W.  647  Baynes,  F.  M.  664  Billett,  T.  442  Dr.   198.     G.  A. 

Baines,  P.  A.  220  Beadon,  A.  M.  648  Binks,  J.  199  648 

Baird,  A.  327  Beale,  J.  H.  110  Birch,  P.  538.    W.  Borlase,  C.  B.  648. 

Baker,    Lady     86.  Bean,  J.  P.  426               P.  332  J.  554 

Mrs.  427.    A.  88.  Beatson,  Capt.  200  Bird,  C.  S.  85.     E.  Borrer,  C.  H.  426 

C.    109.      C.    F.  Beatty,  C.444                 553.     F.  328  Bosanquet,  S.  104 

87.    J.   426.    J.  Beaucbamp,  H.  W.  Birt,  O.  J.  106.     S.  Bossy,  F.  W.  645 

G.  U.  85.    J.  G.       536                              A.  106  Boswell,  M.  S.  427 

429.     J.  V.  426.  Beaumont,  Due  de  Bischoff,  M.  441  Bottomley,  F.  428 

J.   W.  559.      S.        222.     Mrs.  86  Bisdee,  E.  220  Bougbton,  Mrs.Sll 

W.  429  Bedford,  G.  A.  426.  BUbop,  W.  104  Boulton,  Mrs.  332. 

Bakewell,   R.   442.        W.  R.  550  Bisshopp,  Lady  646  C.  E.   327.     G. 

S.  G.  538  Bedwell,  B.  327  Black,  C.  332  551.     H.  D.  86 

Baldry,Lt.  664  Beedbam,  M.  88  Blackburn,  E.  557.  Bourcbier, S. T.  537 

Baldwin,  E.  539  Beeston,  E.  559.  P.        P.  88  Bourdieu,  J.  664 

Balfour,  J.  M.  429         218  Blackburne,  A.  M.  Bourdillon,   E.    D. 

Ballachey,  G.  B,  87  Beeyor,  E.  B.  427          103.    M.  A.  109  813.    F«  555 


692  Index  to  Names. 

Bourdin,  M.M.538  Brodie,  Sir  B.  198  Burn,   E.   M.  6Gi,    Cane,  D.  327 

Bourn,  G.  W.  443  Brodrick,  W.  537  R.  327                       Canifield,  E.  220 

Buurne,  W.  6*68  Broke,  Lady  331  Burnaby,  £.  A.  C.    Canning,  E.M.  648. 

Bouverie,Hon.  Mrs.  BromebeAd,J.C.429  102.     J.  P.  553.        R.  445 

E.427.  Lt.-Gen.  Brorogore, T.  646  S.  J.  668                 Cape,  L.  88 

Sir  H.  645  Bromley,  R.  M. 312  Burnell,  E.  441           Capper,   Mrs.    220. 

Bouwens,  Lady  487  Brooke,  A.  M.  556.  Burnet,  J.  648                L.  538 

Bowen,  C.  426.    C.  J.  428  Burnett,  W.  218        Card,  L.  J.  87 

S.  430  Brooks,  A.  T.  538.  Burnside,  Major  H.    Garde w,  C.  555 

Bower,  Capt.  110  J.W.646  85                            Card  well,  J.  199 

Bowles,  A.  554  Broughton,C.F.3I2  Burr,  F.  221,  333.   Carew,  E.  222 

Bowness,  R.  439  Brown,    A.  S.    86.  T.  555                      Car^ill,  R.  551 

Bowring,  J.  103  C.  199.     F.  197.  Burroughes,'  E.  P.   CarJyou,  F.  430 

Bowstead,  C.  220  G.  310.     Maj.  J.  447                          Carnsew,  G.  M.  429 

Boyce,  H.646.    H.  197.     P.  552.  R.  Burrowes,  Mrs.  198   Carr,C.443.  £.219* 

G.  538  220  Burrows,  S.  310             L  S.313.   J.  199. 

Boyer,    J.    W.  R.  Browne,  F.  4£8.  G.  Burton,  A.  538.  A.       M.  218,  330.    W. 

661  331,  536.    J.  R.  W.  328.     G.  G.       440 

Boyes,  C.  R.  197  214.  L.  220.   M.  536                          Carrington,      Lady 

Boynton,  L.  648  537.    R.  444.    R.  Butchman,    M.  £.       86.      Mrs.     667. 

Brackcnbury,  H.  T.  F.    539.     R.  T.  664                             F.  E.  L,  S.  648 

538  312.    T.  C.  310.  Busb,  F.  556,667.   Carroll, CM. A.  430 

Bradford,    A.  669.  W.  J.  197  J.  538.  T.  E.  333    Carruthers,     Capt. 

C.664.  W.M.426  Browning,  B.  87  Bushe,  W.  327               427.   A.  647.   D. 

Bradley,  G.  P.  667.  Browse,  Hon.  Mrs.  Busbman,  A.  A.  312       331 

S.  427  198  Bute,  Marq.  of  85,   Carter,    Mrs.   311. 

Bragge,  C.  P.  440.  Bruce,   Lady    537.       197  E.  107.     H.  668. 

J.  106  J.  E.  329.     R.  R.   Rutland,  G.  W.  647       J.  330.  W.  A.  329 

Brabaro,  W.  J.  H.  648.  Maj.  W.  85  Butler,  Hon.  Mrs.   Cart  tar,  J.  104 

198  Bruen,  J.  J.  de  442  198.      Mrs.    86.   Cartwrigbt,  E.  313. 

firailsford,  A.  199  Bruere,  J.  S.  199  E.  H.  218.    J.  A.       J.  310 

Bramall,  J.  310  Brutton,  E.  217  538.    M.  B.  537.    Carver,  M.  B.  313 

Bramston,  Mrs.  198  Bryan,  G.  558  Capt.     T.     197.   Carvick,    E.    429. 

BranHl,E.A.H.555  Bryettt,  M.  442  W.  430,  551               T.  M.  499 

Breach,  Miss  442  Bryson,  A.  557.   S.  Butlin,  C.  557             Gary,  — 334.  T. 3 12 

Breedon,  J.  109  445  Butt,  W.  H.  645       Casberd,  J.  R.  550. 

Brenton,  M.  D.  664  Bucban,  Sir  J.  85  Butterfield,  E.  M.       J.  T.  661 

Brereton,  Lt.  C.  W.  Buck,  C.  M.  199  312.     R.  538           Cass,  S.  M.  539 

426  Buckeridge,  M.  220  Bygrave,  J.  443          Cassaigne,  F.C.328 

Breton,  E.  R.  310  Buckle,  H.  313  Byles,  S.  539              Casson,  H.  539 

Brett,  Mrs.  537.  T.  Buckley, E.  M.  647.  Bynon,  J.  C.  426        Casierton,  W.  647 

B.  666  F.  A.  428  Byrne,  J.  310             Castiendieck,  M.  87 
Brettell,  A.  328  Bucknill,  C.  557  Byron,  Hon.  G.  A.    Castle,  \V.  666 
Brettin,  G.  P.  200  Bucquet,  E.  D.  199  429                          Castle ^Stu art,  C'ss. 
Brettle,  A.  429  Budd.  Lt.  H.    110.  Cadogan,  E.  F.  554        of  664 
Brewer,  C.  556  J.  S.  221  Cafe,  S.  L.  A.  667      Caswell,  A.  427 
Breynton,  J.  667  Bulard,  Dr.  222  Caffin,  J.  C.  647        Catherwood,  E.  103 
Briant,  R.  445  Bulkeley,  Mrs.  31 1  Cabill,  T.  646             Catbrow,  E.  J.  652 
Bridgeman,     Lady  Bull,  E.  663  Cailler,  J.  1 10             Cator,  M.  E.  200 

220  Bullen,  Sir  C.  310  Calcutt,  R.  H.  222     Caitley,    Mr.   311. 

Bridges,  T.  E.  551.  BuUer,  Mrs.  646  Caldwell,  Capt.  A.       E.  538 

W.  442  Bulley,  A.  104  105                           Gaunter,  G.  H.  442 

Bridgwater,    G.    L.  Bulwer,  H.  L.  645  Cainac,  J.  222            Cautley,  J.  313 

216  Bund,   Col.  T.  85.  Cambridge,     Duke    Cave,  Mrs.  311 

Briggs,  L.  428.  T.  W.  440  of  85                        Cavendisb.Mrs.311. 

C.  429  Bunning,  J.  B.  427  Cameron,  A.   553.       W.  H.  430 
Brigbt,   Mrs.    537.  Burbery,  E.  109  Lieut. -Col.  D.  A.    Cazalet,  S.  M.  A. 

B.H.445.  J.  310  Border,  E.  H.  88.  426.     J.  557.   P.        312 

Brigbtman,  E.  104  T.  H.  443  553.     S.  B.  646     Cecil,  Lady  B.  429. 

Briscoe,  B.  86  Burdett,  H.  R.  199  Campbell,  C.   558,       G,  331 

Brocb,  Mrs.  198  Burdon,  M.  666  670.     F.  A.  539.    Cbafy,  W.  213 

Brock,  W.  429  Burges,  M.  327  J.  F.  G.  536.    J.    Cballis,  T.  537 

Brockelbank,T.I04  Burgi^res,  E.  538  H.   645.    M.   L.    Chalmers,     E.    M. 

Brocklebank,J.2l4  Burke,    Dr.     558.  559.  Lady  S.  427*        108 

Broderick,  J.  106  C.  G.  200.  J,  536.  W.  333                   Chambers,  Mrs.  86, 

Prodenp,  Mrs.  198  S.  L.  664  CanipioD,  C.  H.  87       669 


Index  to  Names. 


693 


Champiuaii,  C.  537 
Champiies,   E.    M. 

647 
Channins,  J.  A.  430 
Chaplin,  W.  559 
Chapman,  Aid.  444. 

J.    P.  441.      M. 

447.     T.  426 
Charleton,  C.  666 
Charlier,  H.  430 
Charlton,  T.B.428. 

W.  H.  87 
Charsley,  Nf .  A.  556 
Charteris,  Hun.  F. 

537 
Chase,  M.  A.  R.  430 
Chater,  M.  647 
Chauncy,  A.  428 
Cbell,  J.  310 
Cherry,  M.  444 
Cheslyn,  J.  221 
Chessbyre,     Vice- 

Admiral  109 
Chester,  C.  M.   538 
Clietwude,  H.  215 
Chetwynd,  G.  428 
Chichester,  Mr.  423 
Chilcotr,W.  F.3I0 
Child,    Ens.      333. 

R.    107.     E.    W. 

312.     S.  330 
Chimms,  B.  S.  312 
Chipchase,!VI.S.331 
Chisbolm,  The,  J. 

dau.  of  423. 
Chowler,  C.  648 
Christopher,    Lady 

M.  86 
Chute,  A.  558 
Clarendun,    C'(ess. 

of  427 
Clark,  A.  88.     C. 

H.    664.      F.   E. 

217.     S.  556 
Clarke,    Mrs.    108, 

311.  C.  329,330, 

442.     CM.  556. 

E.  668.  E.  W. 
326.  F.  M.  313. 
J.  426,  428.     J. 

F.  426.  M.  H. 
648.  P.  W.  538. 
S.  663.  W.  445. 
W.  H.  430 

Clarkson,Mrs.2l7. 

N.  443.     T.  445. 

T.  B.  86 
Classon,  J.  87 
Clay,  L.  428.    Mrs. 

311.   Miss  329 
Clayton,  J.  667     S, 

648 
Cleather,  S.  L.3I3, 

428 
Clegg,  J.  329 


Ciemeiitsun,  M.  A. 

428 
Clephane,    D.     M. 

446 
Clerk,  Mrs.  427 
Clews,  J.  441 
Cliflfe,  C.  F.  199 
Clifford,  Miss  539 
Clifton,  J.  558.  W. 

103 
Clinton,    C.   F.   F. 

536 
Clitherow,  Capt.  J. 

85 
Clitsome,  J.  108 
Clive,  Mrs.  646.  R. 

H.  536 
Clode,  S.  105 
Close,  Mrs.  221.  M. 

331 
Clubley,  E.  110 
Clunie,  Lt.C.  J.  O. 

426 
Clutterbuck,  P.  332 
Cousmaker,  Mrs.  86 
Coates,  S.  310,  536 
Coats,  J.  106 
Cobb,  R.  536.     W. 

445 
Cobbold,  J.  O.  539 
Cochrane,  J.  H.  88 
Cockell,    Maj.    W. 

645 
Cocken,  M.  310 
Cockerell,  A.  105 
Cucksedge, H.L.  88 
Codrington,  E.  428. 

J.  B.  53? 
Coe,  E.  220 
Coci  logon     de    M. 

670 
Coffin,  Mrs.  198.  C. 

312 
Cofield,  D.  648 
Cohen,  M.  A.  216 
Coke,  E.  F.  310 
Coker,  J.  645 
Cole, Mrs. 31 1.  Ma- 

jorJ.  216.     J.  C. 

199.     M.  332 
Coleman,  M.T.648 
Coles,  Miss  539.  J. 

216.     R.  C.  lj;8 
Collett,    Miss   441. 

R.  W.   646.     W. 

430.    W.  L.  539 
Collier,  Lady  198 
Collins,  S.  446,  558 
Collinson,  Miss  554. 

E.  M.  668.   G.  J. 

85,  313,  428 
Collyns,  M.  W.  88 
Colocotroui,  T.  222 
Colquhoun,    Sir  J. 


Colson,  E.  200 
Colville,  Lady  103 
Combe,  R.  220 
Comp8on,Mrs.  198 
Comport,  T,  666 
Compton,  W.  326 
Congreve,  R.J.  200 
Conway,  T.  S.  197 
Cooke,  F.  553.    M. 

199.     S.328.    S. 

A.  537.    T.  107 
Coombs,  T.  428 
Cooper,  Lady  427. 

A.  442,  647.     C. 

M.  446.    D.  555. 

J.   85.     M.   328. 

M.  O.   647.      S. 

198.     W.G.  334. 

W,  S.  426 
Coore,  Mrs.  646 
Cope,  T.  552 
Copland,  E.  440 
Corben,  £.  446 
Corbett,  A.  329 
Corles,  H.  M.  312 
Corner,  H.  M.552 
Cornish,  Mrs.  442 
Cornwall,  R.N.  312 
Corrie,  A.  88 
Corry,  M.  110 
Corsion,  W.  108 
Coryton,  J.  T.  442 
Cosens,  W.  B.  426 
Cosnahan,    C.    M. 

200 
Costello,  D.  539 
Cos  way,  T.  104 
Cotes,  G.   F.    428. 

Lady  L.  427 
Cotterill,M.  313 
Coulman,  A.  648 
Coupland,  E.  108 
Cour,  de  la,  B.  327 
Courtney,  Mr.  197 
Coventry,  E.J.  312. 

M.  E.  K.  197 
Covty,J.  670 
Cowie,   C.   J.   670. 

M.  429 
Cowlin,  Mrs.  442 
Cowper,  A.  A.  444. 

Hon.  W.  200 
Cox,  C.  £.  645.     J. 

426.     L.  Z.  442. 

M.  C.  430.   S.  L. 

88.    T.  B.  221 
Coxe,  Mrs.  107.    E. 

J.  330.     S.  332 
Coxworthy,  M.329. 

T.  442 
Cozens,  W.  216 
Craster,Mrs.A.  108 
Crawford,  Mrs.  86. 

E.  664.     J.  668. 

J.  R,31l 


Craven,  Mrs.  311 
Crespigny,    Sir   C. 

de430 
Crewe,  R.  J.  329 
Creyke,  E.  J.  200 
Cripps,  E.  107.     F. 

647.     J.  M.  426. 

W.  536 
Crisp,  Miss  216 
Crocker,  J.  B.  I99 
Crockett,  E.  G.  554 
Croft,  E.  A.  430 
Crofts,  E.  87 
Crooke,  J.  P.  443 
Crosse,  R,  310 
Crossley,  T.  557 
Croly,  Dr.  536 
Croskey,  J.  R.  539 
Crouch,  E.  645 
C rowdy,  M.  557 
Crowe,  J.  R.  426 
Croyton,  M.  L.  87 
Cruse,  Lt.  T.  108 
Cumberbatcb,    R. 

W.  647 
Cumberland,L.  427 
Cumberlege,H.  429. 

J.  536.      M.   C. 

313 
Gumming,  Capt.  J. 

105.     J.  197.  M. 

199 
Cunard,  M.  A.  64^8 
Cunliflfe,  M.  648 
Cunningham,  J.  334 

L.  430 
Cunninghame,   C. 

D.  334 
Currey,  L.  219.  W. 

428 
Currie,  I.  315.    J. 

536 
Cureton,  W.  198 
Curling,  A.  666.  D. 

330 
Curtis,  R.  668 
Dacre,  M.  105 
Dacres,  Mrs.  86 
Dale,  T.  536 
Dalhousip,  E.  of  85 
Dallas,  E.  328.     J. 

C.  446.  S.  S.  554 
Dallinger,  J.  444 
Dalmeny,  Lord  539 
Dallon,  F.  669.     J. 

H.551.W.B.761 
Daly,  Capt.  R.  197 
Dalyell,  J.  558 
Damant,  E.  537 
Dampier,  D.  539 
Dance,  S.  P.  670 
Dangerfield,  E.  1". 

538 
Dansey,  R.  A.  647 
Darnell,  A,  6QQ 


694  Index  to  Name$. 

Dart,  W.  5G6  De  Witt,  E.L.  313.  Dniry,  C.  J.  384.       J.  217,  318,327. 

Dartmouib,    C'tess       £.  C.  647.  L.  648  H.426                        P.  108 

of  311  DickfE.A.  H.  312.  Drysdale,SirW.221  Egerton,  C.  R.  199. 

Darwin,  R.  199              E.  C.  347.  L.  648  Duberley,  G.  536           Mi^.  W.  426 

Dasbwuod,  Mrs.  646  Dickenson,    C.    H.   Du  Buisson,  T.  667  Egg,  A.  M.  664 

Daubeny,    A.   339.       429.     F.  B.  199  Dudley,  M.  A.  200  Ekins,  Lady  217 

G.  B.  538.  H.443.  Dickinson,  A.  222.  Dufferin  and  Clane-  Elborne,  H.  G.  200 

H.J.  536                    C.  312.  J.  648  boy,  Dow.   Lady  Elgin,  C'ss.  of334. 

Dauney,  W.  446  Dickonson, Mr8.664  333  Elibank,  Lady  198 

Davenport,G.F.446.  Dickson, Lt.  C.  197  Duffield,  M.  D.310  Ellard,  J.  550 

H.  W.  200  Didbam,  F.  312  Dugdale,  Mrs.  427  Ellenborougb,Lady 

Davidson,    A.  430.  Digby,  G.  M.  106.  Dugmore,  W.  107         A.  440 

D.  103                         v.  T.  331  Duke,  G.  C.  557  Ellice,  Rt.  Hon.  E. 

Davies,  B.  104.    H.  Diggle,  Lt.-Col.  C.  Dukes,  R.  M.  440         648 

441.    J.    109.  J.       85  Dummelow,  E.  539  Elliot,    Mrs.     198. 

326,  441,  558.  M.  Dillon,  Sir  W.  199.  D'Urban,  Lady  670       G.  427.    W.  586 

660.  T.  J.  214            W.  333  Durie,  C.  200  ElUott,  B.  446.     J. 

Davis,  J.   105,  208.  Dilwyn,  G.  444  Dunbar,  W.  B.  199        670.    M.  S.  380. 

Mrs.  311.  S.  105.  Dixie,  A.  B.  200  Duncan,  W.  102            R.  445,  556.     T. 

553  Dixon,  D.  105.    E.  Duncombe,Lady  H.       665.    W.  197 

Davison,  T.  L.  88          217.   J.  313.    M.  86.    Lady427  Ellis,  0.  428.      F. 

Dawney,  Hon.    W.        87.     P.M.  111.  Dundas,  Hon.  Mrs.       441.     F.  R.  670. 

313                               R.  553.    T.  87  198.    C.  H.  646.       H.  663.    J.  445. 

Dawson,  L.  QSe,  P.  Dobbs,  H.  667  Capt.  R.  L.  645          S.  A.  429 

T.  1 10.  V.  T.  430  Dobree,  P.  107  Dunlop,  J.  A.  446  EUward,  W.  328 

Day,  Mrs.  86.    C.  Docker,  W.  86  Dunn,  E.  539. J.  85,  Elmhirst,  B.  88 

648.    D.  H.  107.  Dodd,  F.  W.   200.  222,335  Elmsley,  Mrs.  311 

£.   199-    J.  333.       S.  441  Du  Pasquier,  Mrs.  Elsley,  M.  332 

R  328.  T.  G.331  Dodgson,  C.  £.  539  311  Elwin,  M.  C.  539 

Dayrell,  F.  664  Dodswonb,H.E331  Dupree,  T.  216  Emerson,  Mrs.  311. 

Deacle,  T.  439  D'Olier,  J.  558  Du  Free,  S.  426             L.  T.  C.  670 

Deacon,  Mrs.  311.  Dolphin,  G.  428  Dunsroure,  Maj.  G.  Emmott,  £.  S.  430 

H.  M.  430  Domvile,  H.  B.  445  426  England^  Lt.  C.  P. 

Dean,  J.  222  Donaldson,  J.  553  Duntze,  Capt  J.  A.       V.  436.   R.  536 

Deane,  D.  W.  553.  Dormer,  E.  A.  109  197  Engledue,M.A.558 

J.  M.  £.  555  Dougberty,  J.  332  Duplock,  M.  332  English,  J.  W.  648 

Dearie,  J.  216  Doughty,  Mrs.  427,  Duxbury,  Qua.  221  Entwistle,  J.  S.  87 

Deas,  W.  P.  669             445.     M.  327  Dyer,  J.  328, 440  Erratt,  T.  557 

Debnam,  S.  312  Douglas,    G.    313.  Dyke,  Mrs.  218.  G.  Erskine,  Lord  428. 

Deedes,  J.  662                Maj.  J.  88  H.  665                         Mrs.  86.      Lady 

Deffell,  J.  200  Douglass,  A.  31 1  Dyson,  L.  539.    T.       A.  I99.    K.  558. 

Deigbton,  W.  551  Douro,Marcb.of536  V.  444                        M.  332 

Delacombe,  C.  4'27  Dowle,  T.  330  Eager,  J.  K.428.T.  Escott,  S.  E.  670 

Delafosse,  F.  S.  427  Downall,  Mrs.  31 1  T.  646  Escourt,  E.  W.  B. 

Delamain  C.  H.  197  Downe,  Miss  330  Earl,  E.  667                    197 

De  la  Rue,  L.  R.  105  Downer,  H.  C.  539  Earnshaw,  J.  555  Esplin,  A.  669 

Delaltre,  J.  M.  216  Downham,SirT.536  East,  A.  B.  87.     J.  Essex,  E.  C.  328 

Delawarr,  Earl  645  Downie,  R.  663  85  Estcoort,  Lt.-CoL 

Delmege,  T.  22 1  Downing,  J.  F.  22 1  Ea8thope,Sir  J.539.       J.  B.  426 

Dene,  A.  646  Dowsing,  Mrs.  663  L.  430  Etheredge,  F.  443 

Den  man,  Hon.  Mrs.  Dowson,  J.  556  Eaton,  £.  222.    M.  Etheridge,  A.  108 

198  Doyle,  A.  430.    E.  A.  429  Evans,   Hon.  Mrs. 

Dennis,  J.  660                646.     S.   H.  87.  Ebsworth,G.  S.312.       646.    £.313.    E. 

Denson,  M.  333              T.  H.  553  M.  S.  445     •               C.  426.      E.   T. 

Dent,  W.  326  Drake,    Mrs.    220.  Echalaz,  £.  R.  88          646.    F.  J.  555. 

Denton,  Mrs.  311.       J.  218.     N.  199.  Eckford,  J.  318             G.   M.   199.     T. 

J.B.  428                     Col.  T.  197.    T.  Ede,  C.  647.       G.       D.  536.  W.  218 

Dering,  C.  B.  555          T.  429.    W.   551  A.  646  Evanson,  H.  A.  538 

Derry,  F.  B.  330.  J.  Drayton,  S.  106  Eden,  C.  P.  536  Everard,  R.  N.  199 

442  Drever,  M.  A.  218  Edgecumbe,    Hon.  Everett,  A.  G.  662. 

De^sarges,  A.  1. 537  Drew,   G.   H.  429.  Mrs.  427                     W.T.444 

De  Voisins,  Count       R.  329  Edgell,  J.  108  Evershed,  E.  109 

1 10  Driver,  E.  J.  552  Edwards,  C.  A.  88.  Ewing,  J.  648 

Devon,  £.  of  645  Drummond,Mrs  86.  C.  N.  441.     E.  Exeter,    March'ss. 

Dewar9S.328               A.H.33 1,445,553  M.  329.    F.  427.       646 


Iiide^  to  Name$»                                     69 

Eykin,  W.  P.  223  Fifgins,  J.  L.  436  Fra8er»Lt.-Col.  539.  Gell,  A.  87.  M.  559 

Eyre,  Mrs.  198,427.  Finlayson,  L.  537  A.  439.      J.  W.  George,  C.  A.  SI9. 

F.  E.  4?9.    S.  T.  Finucane,  A.  6S  444                             F.  D.  197 

557  Firmin,  C.  P.  399  Frazer,  S.  C  317  Gepp»  A.  M.  318 

Faber,  Maj.  W.  R.  Fisher,  C.  J.  197.  Freeborne,  W.  106  Gerard,  E.  M.  106 

645  F.  338.    6.197.  Freeland,   H.    436.  Gerrard,  W.  R.  313 

Fabian,  G.  J.  665  J.  T.  310  W.  B.  647  Gibbons,  M.  B.  334 

Fair,  R.  197  Fitzgerald,    A.    O.  Freeman,  C.    538.  Gibbs,  A.  103 

Fairbridge,  W.  339  428, 537.  F.  438.  C.  E.  87  Gibson,    Mra.    86, 

Fairlie,  Mrs.  558  Lieut.  -  Gen.  Sir  Freetb,  Col.  J.  85          311, 334.    A.  M. 

Fairthorne,E.F.313  J.   645.      J.   G.  Freke,  J.  G.E.  438       88.  E.557.  J.443. 

Faithful,  A.  86  315.    R.  536  Freemantie,    Capt.       T.  333 

Falck,  M.  323  Fi tz- Herbert,  Mrs.  C  H.  197  Gibsone,H.69 

Falconar,  J.  670  537  French,  R.  D.  87  Giffard,  L.  H.  557 

Falconer,  Mrs.  427  Fitzroy,     Mrs.    A.  Fresh aeld,J.W.645  Gifford,   Mrs.   646. 

Falkner,  R.  108  437.    Mrs.  F.  646  Fry,  Mrs.  444                £.  H.  646 

Fane,  G.  A.S.I  99  Flanrey,C.  441  Fryer,  Mrs.  3  If.   S.  Gilbert,  L.  E.  445. 

Fansbaw,  T.  87  Flavell,  T.  W.  430  448                              T.  230, 555 

Fanshawe,     £.    G.  Fletcher,    E.    536.  Fuge,  F.  H.  313  Gilder,  S.  553 

199.    J.  663.  Lt.  Dr.  J.    316.     J.  FuUeck,  E.  538  Gill,  F.  330 

R.86  536.  M.  106.  W.  Fuller,  E.  337  Gilland,Maj.  J.645 

Farmer,  R.  H.  440.  85,  198  Fullerton,  A.  310  Gillespie,  R.  R.  334 

T.  439  Floyer,  C.  3 11  Fulton,  J.  H.  333  Gillman,  W.  664 

Farquhar,  Lt.A.I97  Foaker,  E.  B.  443  Furneauz,     H.   M.  Girdlesione,  8. 445. 

FarquharsonyJ.666.  Foley,  E.  218  S.  88                            S.  557 

Maj.  P.  426  FoUiott,  Mrs.  443  Furnival,  J.  310  Girling,  L.539 

Farr,  £.  A.  555  Forbes,  J.  557  Fussell,  H.  D.  661  Giustiniani,    Card. 

Farrant,  H.  M.  441  Ford,  U.  H.  555  Futvoye,  E.  103             833 

Farren,  P.  104  Fordyce,  C.  E.  200  Gabb,  H.  W.  537  Gladstone,  Rt.  Hn. 

Farrer,  C.   F.  439.  Forlong,  A.  538  Gage,  Sir  T.  310           W.  85 

M.  T.  439  Forrest,  J.  H.  300  Gaisford,  W.  819  Gladwin,  C.  H.  199 

Fauchery,  M.  323  M.  85,  88  Gaitskill,  J.  539  Glegg,  B.  666 

Faulkner,  C.   313.  Forsyth,  B.  M.  669.  Galbraith,  B.B.  199  Glarer,  S.  F.  310 

F.  333  J.  A.  333  Gale,  L.  538  Glynn,  J.  E.  198 
Faunce,  E.648  Fortescue,  Col.  216.  Galland,  T.  439  Goater,  E.  648 
Fawcett,  D.  L.  440  Lady  L.  487  Galloway,  A.  P.  666  GodesdeD,A.W.5S8 
Fawsett,  J.  85.    J.  Fosbroke,  M.  539  Gallway,  M.  M.  313  Godfrey,  E.  S.  444 

G.  536.    J.  T.C.  Fosbrooke,Mrs.l98  Galway,A.  88  Goff,  T.  440 

1 97,  537  Foss,  F.  337.  T.  197  Gamon,  R.  S.  103  Golding,  F.  E.  489. 

Fawkener,  S.  668  Foster,  Mrs.     107.  Gandell,  J.  H.  441        M.  553 

Fead,  A.  C.  D.  199.  M.     103.      Lt.-  Garbett,  G.  430  Goldney,Mr8.6.311 

W.  428  Gen.  T.  106.   W.  Gardiner,  A.M.  108.  Gomez,  Hon.  A.334 

Fearun,  M.  A.  555  J.  S.  647  G.  P.  87.  H.  33 1  Gooch,  T.  L.  645 

Feilden,  Mrs.  64i6  Foulger,  M.  A.  538  Gardner,    D.    436.  Good,  M.  A.  430 

Fellows,  C.  438  Foulkes,  Miss  555.  F.   E.   331.     M.  Goodehild,W.G.  86, 

Feniiell,  J.  338  J.  D.  665  L.  666.     W.  85         313 

Feat  ham,  T.  J.  553  Powell,  N.  536  Garland,  E.  103  Goodden,  C.  C.  85. 

Fenton,  Mrs.  86.  G.  Fowkes,  Mrs.  666  Garnett,  J.  439              J.  647 

L.  536  Fowler,  H.  R.  538.  Gamier,    Lady    C.  Goodene,    E.   318. 

Fenwick,Capt.  670.  L  S.  87.  J.  K.647  31 1                              J.  199 

E.    317.     J.  86.  Fox,   M.   104.    M.  Gar  rat  t,  F.  D.  800  Goodwin,  G.  E.  539 

J.  F.  330.  R.440  L.  539  Garrett,  C.331  Goodyer,  H.  387 

Ferguson, Sir  R.  645  Foxcroft,  J.  109  Garstin,  S.  F.  86  Goppy,  L.  M.  199 

Fergusson,  A.  666  Foye,  M.  W.  85  Gascoign,R.0. 330  Gordon,    Lady    C. 

Fernel!,W.B.  310  Frampton,Mr8.487.  Gascayne,Mrs.  811.       311.    H.  C.  813. 

Ferrier,  E.  537  T.  81 5  Gatcbell,  J.  109             J.  109, 813.  J.  J. 

Ficklin,  H.  107  Francis,J.  814.  W.  Gathercole,   M.  A.       670 

Field,  C.  V.  107.  J.  539  300  Gore,    Capt.    S18. 

216,664.     J.  E.  Francklin,  R.  108  Gattey,  E.  670               C.  443 

430.    J.  R.  660.  Francklyn,  M.816  Gay,  S.  665  Gosneli,  J.  489 

J.  S.  665  Frank,  C.  668  Gayfere,  A.  667  Cost,  Mrs.  311 

Fielding,  C.  W.  A.  Frankland,  Hon.  C.  Geddet,  M.  A.  443  Gostling,  3.  107 

669  554  Gee,  £.339  Gottreuz,  E.  L.  387 


696  Index  to  Names. 

Gough,A.  SI9  Gunton,  J.  312  Hargood,  A.  218  Hayes>  W.  647 

Gowan,  G.  669  Gurney,  H.  A.  200.    Hargrave,  A.   539.  Haymes,  J.  539 

Gower,  Lady  E.  647        J.  430  J.  F.  539  Hayne,  A.  538.    C. 

Grafton,  Mrs.  198      Guthrie,  C.  333  Uarkness,  S.  E.  87       A.  421.     J.  199 

Graham,  Mrs.  441.   Gwinnett,  M.  330       Harries,  L.  E.  670  Haynes,  F.  O.  132. 
J.  85.     J.  W.  P.   Gwynn,  H.  R.  88       Harril,  Job  106  T.  O.  200 

200.  M.  647.   M.   lladrield,C.  A.  537.    Harrington,  Mrs.  86  Hay  ward,  Mrs.  31 1 

R.  216.  R.  S.  200       S.  647.    W.  310     Harris,  A.  553.    G.  Hazard,  J.  216 

Grainger,  F.  W.  87    Hague,  J.  222  217.    M.  668.  T.  Hazel,  J.  536 

Grant,  A.  648.    A   Haines,  J.  427.     J.       668.    W.  199  Head,  J.  428 

C.  538.  C.  M.  T.       T.    103.      S.    H.    Harrison,  A.  667.  Headly,  Lady  427 

646.  Lady  J.  313.       327  A.  L.W.  552.   E.  Hearne,  J.  669 

Maj.  J.  426  Hakewill,  S.  328  A.220.H.646,660  Heath,  £.  538.    H. 

Grantham,    R.   B.   Haldane,    C.    332.    Harley,     A.     430.       443.     M.  B.  428. 
313.     R.  1.  554  R.  446  W.  667  S.  538.     W.  430 

Granville,  G.  645        Hale,  J.  551.    P.  88   Harmer,  S.  F.  446  Heathcote,       Lady 
Grattan,  W.  647        Haifbide,  G.  663        Harness,  S.  443  537.   A.  104.  L. 

Graves,    Hon.    H.  HaUord,  W.  L.  312   Harper,  W.  H.  539       D.  87.    M.  A.  L. 
648.     H.  C.  648.   Hall,  A.  216,  430.   Hart,   H.   C.     198.       87.    S.M.  312 

Hon.  M.  217  £.199,329.     F.   .    W.  220  Hebbert,  S.  198 

Gray,  C.   W.   538.       R.  648.     H.329.   Hartley,    C.     552.  Heberden,  T.  661 

H.   F.    538.     J.       J.   85,  538.    M.       J.  326  Hebert,  C.  536 

312.    S.  H.  429         A.  313.      M.J.    Hartopp,  Mrs.  646.  Hector,  M.  537 

Grayson,  A.  551  429  Hon.  M.  J.  445.  Hedges,  K.  107 

Grazebouk,  J.  665     Hallett,  M.   J.   N.       M.  J.  557  Heelis,  J.  550 

Green,  Mr.  85.     E.       88.     S.  G.  539       Hartwell,  L.  334  Hellyer,  C.  554 

197»441.  G.332.    Hallewell,  E.  G.  87   Harvey,  Mrs.   311.  Helyar,  Mrs.  427 

W.  200  Halliday,  J.H.441        A.  P.  539.     G.  L.  Heming,    H.     197. 

Greene,  P.  539  Hallowes,  B.  646  85.    J.  446.     L.       R.  219 

Greenfield, Mrs. 311    Haly,  E.  llO  104.  R. 3 13, 552.  Henderson,  1.  200 

Greenhow,G.K.647   Hamblin,  H.J.  197       T.  86  Heneage,  Mrs.  311 

Greenock,  Hon.  £.  Hamilton,       Hon.   Harward,  J.  310  Hennah,  S.  W.  537 

C.  88  Mrs.   198.    A.  1.    Haselfoot,  F.  106  Hensley,  C.  85 

Greenside,  C.  426,       328.    A.  R.  536.   Hassell,  G.M.  313  Herbert,  J.  310 

428.  £.  E.  428.     F.  S.   Haselwood,  W.  428  Hereford,    Bp.   of, 

Greenwood,  R.  662       538.     G.  A.  645.   Haskel,  H.  218  H.  dau.of648 

Gregg,  C.  F.  313  G.  E.  199.  J.  646.  Haslope,  E.  87  Heriot,  J.  669 

Gregory,  W.  665  J.  H.  429.     M.   Hastings,  F.  D.  88  Hervey,  Mrs.  311. 

Grey,  E.L  332  108,429.     M.I.   Hatcher,  E.  329  H.   A.   660.     L. 

Grieve,  R.  669  312.     P.  W.  539   Hatherell,J.W.310       107.    Ld.W.  645 

Griffin,  Maj.  J.  426.  Hammill,  Mrs.  537    Hatherley,  H.  W.  Hester,  A.  327 

S.  217  Hammond,  A.  216,        198  Heygate,  A.  819 

Griffith,    D.     660.       218.    W.  218         Hathorn,  G.  646  Hey  worth,  L.  647 

F.   A.   329.     H.   Hamper,   E.  S.  S.    Havelock,  Maj.  H.  Hibbert,  J.  R.  334. 
430.     W.  QQi)            313                               197  R.  A.  648 

Griffiths,  S.  108         Hanbury,  J.  O.  328.   Havilland,  C.  R.  De  Hibbit,  A.  429 

Grigg,  S.  334  T.  J.  313  429.     De  S.   333  Hick,  W.  F.  670 

Grimston,  Mrs.  86    Hancock,  W.  214      Hawker,  C.  A.  198.  Hickman,  J.  P.  669. 
Grimstone,  M.  647   Hand,  A.  647.     T.       Rear-Adm.  648  R.  429 

Grogan,  C.  538  430  Hawkes,  M.  648  Hickson,  R.  199 

Grosvenor,     Lady     Handcock,  W.   H.   Hawkins,  Mrs.  86.  Higgins,  Mrs.  646. 

198.     B.  E.  441         217  J.  216  W.  F.  312 

Grove,  M.  106  Handley,  E.  H.  222    Hawlev,  Mrs.  647  Higgs,  M.  A.  218 

Grubbe,  Maj.T.  426   Hankiuson,   T.  £.    Haworth,  Lady  M.  Higton,W.539 

Grueber,  T.  539  661  427  HUdyard,J.W.  197 

Gubbins,  C.  538  Harding,  E.  M.  666.  Hawthorne,  L.  330  Hill,  Mrs. 3 11.  Miss 
Guest,  Lady  C.  G.  S.  197.  H.  Hawtrey,M.M.441  442.  A.441.  Lady 
198.  J.  88  645.  J.  L.  85  Hay,  J.  M.  558.  C.  428.  C.  646. 
Guillemard,  J.  200  Hardinge,SirH.  85  Lady  L.  87.  E.  330, 441.  G. 
Gulston,  M.  H.  444  Hardwicke,  C'tess.  Hon.  S.  199.  W.  D.  310.  H.  T. 
Gunning,  J.  F.  220       of  3 1 1                          F.  428  3 10.  L.  200.  Lady 

Gunthorpe,  J.    M.   Hare,  A.    537.  M.   Haycock,  J.  1 99  M.  537.    M.664. 

200  660  Haye,  N.  221  R.  197 


Index  to  Names. 


697 


Milliard,  C.  H.444 
Hilller,  C.  C.  428 
Hills,  E.  3^2.  H.  88 
Hind,  S.  216,  221 
Hinton,  Vise.  440 
Hippisley,    J.  428. 

R.  W.  310 
Hirst,  J.  539 
Hitchcock,    R.   88. 

648 
Hives,  J.  558 
Hoare,  Lady  86.  A. 

A.    327.     M.    J. 

200 
Hobhouse,  E.  554 
Hobson,  G.  428 
Hockin,  P.   W.  88. 

W.  554 
Hodges,  B.  G.  663. 

F.  R.  444.     J.  B. 
647 

Hodgkiiison,  G.  F. 

200.     W.  557 
Hodgson,    A.    329. 

J.  557 
Hogartb,    D.    647. 

G.  536 

Hogg,    E.    C.   430. 

M.  430 
Hohenlohe,  Pr.  334 
Holbech,  C.  W.  199 
Holbeck,  C.  W.  88 
Holcombe,  E.  430 
Holdswortb,  R.  445 
Holdernesse,  S.522 
Hole,  Mrs.  222 
Holland,  C.  A.  108. 

S.  A.  198 
Hollingworlb,  Mrs. 

537 
HolIoway,Mr6.311. 

G.  443 
Hollway,  T.  645 
Holme,  A.  330 
Holmes,    Mr.   666, 

A  312.  E.E.648. 

H.   O.  428.     W. 

310 
Homfray,  A.M.  648. 

J.  537 
Hone,  Miss  667 
Hood,  ViscMess  86. 

H.  S.  200 
Hook,  Mrs.  198 
Hookey,  G.S.  313 
Hooman,  S,  647 
Hooper,  A.  198.  C. 

430 
Hope,    Sir    J.   85, 

197.  Lady    M. 

198.  T.  646. 
Hopkins,    E.    648. 

J.  103.     M.  429 
Hopton,  J.  87 
Hore,  W.  660 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol. 


Hornbrook,   L.  B. 

428 
Home,  A.  W.  llo 
Horner,  A.  M.  103. 

F.  105 
Horsford,  Mfs.  86 
Horsley,  J.  W.  313 
Hort,  Lady  443 
Hotcbkin,  T.  219 
Houlditcb,  J.  217 
Howard,  Hon.  Mrs. 

427,    441.    P.  H. 

648.   R.  197.    T. 

329 
Howe,  J.  107 
Howell,  A.  W.  86. 

E.  L.  440 
Howley,  J.  427 
Howsbip,  M.  L.  428 
Hubert,  M.  E.444 
Hudson,  J.  662.    S. 

219.    T.  667 
Huggins,  T.  648 
Hughes,  H.  H.  537. 

J.  326.      M.  439. 

W.  H.  537 
Hugo,  J.  A.  554 
Huisb,  G.  536 
Hulke,  A.  219.    M. 

107 
Hulkes,  T.  W.  330 
Hull,    J.    H.    313. 

M.  443 
Hulme,  M.  L.  428. 

M.  B.538 
Humfrey,  R.  216 
Humphreys,   Mrs. 

311 
Humphry,   M.  A. 

104 
Hurophrys,    Mrs. 

311 
Hunt,     Mrs.    446, 

537.     S.  331 
Hunter,  A.  216.   J. 

557.  M.440.    O. 

222.     R.  216.   S. 

W.  554.     W.  85 
Huntingrord,  A.  H 

539 
Huntlev,  Ma).  558 
Hurd,  Mrs.  198 
Hurry,  W.  J.  443, 

444 
Hurst,  W.L.  312 
Hussey,  F.  8.  200 
Hutchins,  H.  444 
Hutchinson,  C.  M. 

312.    J.  328,553, 

554,  558.  W.  109. 
Huxham,  F.  430 
Hyde,  Mrs.  329.  H. 

L.  105 
Ibbetson,  Miss  668 
Icely,  C.  334 
XX. 


Illingworth,  H.   S. 

538.     L  429. 
Ingest rie.  Lord  645 
Ingilby,  SirW.  428 
In^le,  J.  R.  554 
Tnnes,  R.  328,  444 
Irton,  S.  447 
Irwin,  A,  L.  550 
l8herwood,Mrs.331 
Ive,  J.  S.  430 
Ives,  J.  F.  429 
Jackson,  Lady  427. 

E.  200.  E.  D.  646. 

E.  S.  86.    F.  446. 

F.  B.444.  J.  197. 
M.  109.  S.  87. 
S.  E.  669.  S.  V. 
200.  T.  677 

James,    Mrs.  311. 

H.426.     M.2I7. 

W.  428 
Janiscb.  G.  W.  334 
Janti,  K.  de  334 
Jar  dine,  W.  102 
Jarrett,  A.  88 
Jebb,  Mrs.  198 
Jeffery,J.  D.  427 
Jeflfry,  L.  W.  536 
Jekyll,    Mrs.    311. 

J.  198 
Jem,  A.  310 
Jenkins,  Lady    86. 

£.  558.  E.  J.  199 
Jenkyns,  R.  310 
Jenner,  Mrs.  86 
Jenour,  A.  312 
Jermyn,   Lady    K. 

427 
Jessop,  R.  550 
Jocelyn,  V.  558 
Jodrelly  Capt.  312 
Johns,    Mrs.    665. 

C.  A.  86 
Johnson,  Mfs.  311. 

A.  P.  A.  668.   G. 

M.   J.   429.     H. 

216.    J.  M.  312. 

M.  667.     S.  199. 

W.  P.  456 
Johnston,  A.  446 
Johnstone,    M.    E. 

443.     R.  A.  198. 

W.  429 
Joliffe,R.  331 
Jolliffe,  W.  329 
Jones,  Mrs.  109.  A. 

331.   C.  556.    D. 

439.    D.  R.  198. 

£.  551.      E.   H. 

312.      E.   L.   C. 

646.   F.  200, 670. 

F.  A.  666.  H. 
198.  J.  310, 329, 
551,  556.    J.  D. 

G.  328.     L.  M. 


333.  O.  280.    R. 

538.  S.  312.  S. 
E.  556.  T.  A.  221. 

539.  T.  M.  639. 
W.  328,561.  W. 
B.  312.  W.  P. 
85 

Jordan,  C.  W.  88 
Jortin,  J.  103 
Josselyn,  S.  331 
Jowett,  B.  310 
Joyce,  A.  221 
Joynes,  S.  666 
Judson,  E.328 
Keantish,  S.  105 
Keating,  H.  S.  199 
Keatinge,  R.  427 
Keats,  M.  £.219 
Keble,  E.  A.  569 
Keddle,  A.  449 
Keele,  C.  426 
Keen,E.430.J.567 
Kelaart,  E.  F.  200 
Keller,  £1.  87 
Kelly,  E.  M.  639 
Kember,  J.  J.  664 
Kemp,  A.  108,668 
Kempe,  J.  C.  200. 

J.  E.  313 
Kempson,  E.  918 
Kennaway,CrE.  85, 

426.    £.  557 
Kennedy,  Mrs.  106. 

H«n.  R.  671 
Kennion,  G.  200 
Kent,  A.  638.  F.538 
Ken  worthy,  A.  M. 

218 
Kenyoii,6.310,426 
Kerr,  N.  88 
Kett,  M.  647 
Kettlewell,  W.  W. 

538 
Kidd,  R.  B.  P.646 
Kind,  F.  336 
King,Mrs.l98.Mr8. 

B.  311.  E.  900, 
647.  J*  E.  441. 
R.  1).  3344  6.  J. 
199.  W.  646.  W. 

C.  198,  536 
Kingsley^  C.496.  T. 

441 
Kinnaird,  Hon.  A. 

200 
Kirke,^T.G»189        . 
Kirk«koOd,E.a3l?    * 
Kitchingmatii  C.  J* 

429 
Kitson,  Lt.  C»  J.88 
Knapp,  R.  A.  556 
KneesbaWi  J*  668 
Knight,    Mrs.    86. 

A.  104 J  480.     C. 

664.  G.e70.Maj. 
4  U 


698  Index  to  Names. 

H.107.  M.A.554.  Lea,  H.442  Lock,  M.  87  Mac  Donneli,  R.  G. 

N.  667  Leach,  L  670.     S.  Locke,  M.  B.  444         197 

Knullys,  Mrs.  647          312  Lockett,  E.  A.  3^8  M^Douall,   J.     105. 

Knyvett,  H.  553  Leake,  H.  87  Lockbart, Lady  198.       M.  L  646 

Kreeft,  E.  R.  198  Leaman,  T.  lOG  E.  104,  427.     L.  Mac  Dougle,  J.  317 

Kuper,  C.  A.  312  Leapingwell,G.  538  446.   S.J.  I.  646.  M'Gill,  T.  536 

Kynaston,  E.  442  Lear,  J.  G.  88  W.  B.  4^6  M^Gillivrav,  J.   \V. 

Kyrle,  J.  S.  M.  646  Le  Has,  R.  H.  222  Lockie,  M.  I.  664          558 

Laboucbere,     Mrs.  Le  Blanc,   C.  426.  Lockyer,  Capt.  N.  M'Guire;  J.  332 

198                               E.  104  645  Macbell,  A.  221 

Laeon,  H.  J.  426  Lee,  G.  P.  647.  H.  Lodwick,  A.  106  Mackesur,  J.  334 

La  Coste,  G.  557            445    J.  555.    Sir  Lomax,  F.  S.  M.  88  Macintire,  Capt.  J. 

Laing,  A.  L.  199          J.  T.  665.  W.  663  Londonderry, Marq.       221 

Lally,  A.  C.  428.  A.  Legg^e,  Mrs.  86  of  197  M'lnto^b,  C.  F.  427 

M.  648  Lef^b,  T.  647  Lon^^,  A.  557  MackeUar,L.A.200 

Lamb,  A.  670.     S.  Le  Grice,  H.  664  Longley,  E.  539  Mackenzie,   G.   G. 

445.     S.  E.  312  Le^ure,Hon.H.335  Longsbaw,  N.  430         222.  R.C.A.647. 

Lambart,  Mrs.  86  Leicester,  C'less.  of  Lonsdale,  J.  645             R.  S.446.  T.3I3. 

Larobe,  J.  443                648.     S.  670  Lorimer,  Lt.  221            W.  31 1. 

Lambert,    B.    215.  Leigh,    Mrs.    198.  Louis,  Lt.-Col.  538  Mackey,    C.     536. 

N.  G.539.  R.  557        E.  6S4.  T.  85, 87  Loveday,  D.  C.  553       T.  312 

Lambton,    A.   216.  Leith,  G.  537  Lovekin,  E.  313  Mackie,  F.  H.  328 

Lady  £.  A.  430  Le   Mesurier,   Lt.-  Lovell,    Mrs.    331.  Mackinlay,  «l.  20O 

Lamont,  D.  441             Gen.  105  J.  H.  428  Mackintosh,  M.  C. 

Lamotte,  H.  G.  429  Lemon,  T.  663  Low,   M.   H.    109.       429 

Lancey,  Capt.  103  Lennox,   Lady   M.  S.  £.  446  Maclaugblan,S.671 

Lane«  J.  430                   33 1  Lowe,  E.  L.  2 1 7.  F.  Maclean,  Mrs.  311, 

Lang,  J.  S.  200  Lenormand,  M'Ue.  P.  87.   T.  H.  646       555.    Lady   109. 

Langdon,  G.  L.  646       446  Lowrey,  R.  554, 558       A.   T.    538.     H. 

Langford,  Mrs.  328.  Leonard,  L.  W.  647  Lowtber,  M.  647            668.   1.441.    Sir 

E.  108  Leslie,  J.  T.  197  Loy,  T.  200                    L.  668.   Lt.-Cul. 

Langmore,J.C.647  L'Esirange,  Lieut.-  Luard,  G.  F,  647           N,  197.    W.  558 

Langton,  A.  429            Gen.  G.  85  Lucas,  E.C.  D.  334.  M'Mahon,  B.  538 

Langworiby^  J.  198  Lethbridge,     Mrs.  G.  536  M<Murris,  M.  103 

Lansdowne,S.  218         427,646  Lucy, M. 668.  S.  327  M'Neill,    D.     426. 

Larcom,  A.  330  Letts,  V.  B.  329  Lugard,  Capt.  552         E.  200.     H.  333 

Larder,  E.  R.  .536  Levett,  R.  55 1 .    T.  Lunell,  W.  P.  221  Maconocbie,  A.  645 

Lardner,  W.  6(i3            661  Luscombe,  I.K  199  Macpberson,C.445. 

Larken,  E.  333.  E.  Levy,  L.  327  Luttrell,  H.  G.  333        P.  127 

R.  426.     G.   E.  Lewin,  T.  107  Lyall,  M.  313  Magnay,  Aid.  537 

536  Lewis,    Mrs.    311,  Lygon,M.-G6n.  197  Maber,  W.  221 

Larkins,  J.  H.  334         668.    D.  199.  G.  Lynch,  D.  332  Mainwarinff,A.313. 

Larkworthy,  A.  R.       F.  429.      L.  200.  Lynes,  J.  439                 Mrs.  E.  P.  537 

327                              Maj.  R.  85.     R.  Lynn,  J.  3l0  Maister,  Lt.  G.  J. 

Lascelles,  Col.  C.  F.       666.     S.  A.  312.  Lyster,  W.  M.  222         426 

R.  197                         T.  665.  T.  F.  536  M» Adam,  Capt.  312  Maiiland,   A.    430. 

Laterri^re,    M.   de  Ley,  Mrs.  427  M'Alpine,  J.  310            P.  85,   199.     W. 

Sales  429  Liddell,  F.  M.  554  Macartney,A.C.214       C.  443 

Latham,  Miss  667.  Lighton,  C.  R.  88  Macaulay,Hon.  Mrs.  Major,  T.  217 

C.  107.     D.  555.  Lincoln,  R.  327  427.   H.  W.  536.  Malan,  S.  C.  648 

J.  H.  217  Lindley,  W.  426  K.  537  Malcolm,  N.  537 

Lsugharne,  H.  550  Lindsay,  Lt.  G.  E.  Macausland,  R.  C.  Maiden,  H.  312 

Laughton,  J.  85             426  313  Malet,  Sir  A.  645 

Law,Hon.  Mrs.646.  Linsingen,  M.C.A.  Macbean,  SirW.  85  Malins,  W.  R.  647 

H.  538                         430  McCarthy,  Maj.  C.  Malt  by,  E.  648.    S. 

Lawes,  E.430  Lippincott,Mrs.l98  103,221                      552 

Lawrance,  B.  427  Littleton,  Lady  M.  M'Caskill,  A.  86  Malton,  M.  553 

Lawrence,  G.  665.       427  Maccaughey,A.2]9  Manby,  S.  556 

J.  F.  648.  L.  539.  Littlehales,T.  646  M'Causland,  H.  W.  Mandell,  W.  662 

T.  664.    W.   R.  Livesey,  J.  216  221  Manley,  H.  430 

S15  Lloyd,  A.  430.     E.  M'Cormick,  P.  558  Manners,  Lt.  C.  H. 

Lawson,    M.    108,       331,647.    H.  R.  M'Cullagh,   A.   M.       103 

109                               648.     J.  197  553  Mansel,  Lady  443 

Layborn,  F.  442  Loch,  M.  F.  87  Macdonald,  B.   M.  Mansell,  Miss  430. 

Layng,  W.  W.  215  Lochner,  S.  L,  88  333                             W.  216 


Index  to  Naine8» 


MansHeld,   Earl  of 

197 
Mantell,    A.     444. 

C.  330 
Mapleturi,    E.  429. 

H.  646 
Marjoribanks,E.  87 
Mark,  A.  E.  537 
Marks,  A.  440 
Marriott,    E.     108. 

H. 312.     S.  87 
Marris  W.  646 
Marry  at,  B.  537 
Marsdcn,  T.  85 
Marsh.Lady  L.  445 
Marshall,  F.J.  551. 

G.  S.  537.    H.  L. 

312 
Marsbam,     H.    P. 

426,  539 
Marsters,  T.  556 
Marielli,  E.  647 
Martin,   E.  H.  429. 

F.  W.    536.     H. 

557.  H.A.B.429. 

J.  221.     M.  330 
Martinson,  E.  107 
Martyr,  J.  557 
Masbiter,  W.  I98 
Mason,  D.  200.    H. 

666,     J.  213     J. 

W.  426 

Ma8singberd,E.2l9. 

V.  A.  426 
Matbeson,  Maj.  T. 

645 
Matbev«r,  E.  335 
Mat  bias,  H.  555 
Matson,  H.  J.  426. 

M.  666 
Matbews,     A.    E. 

430 
Maturin,  W.  430 
Maude,  Rear-Adm. 

W.  215 
Mauguin,  M.  223 
Mauud,  \V.  H.  429 
Maunsell,  H.  648 
Maxwell,  Mrs.  646. 

J.  H.  429.    M.  S. 

537.     W.  R.  427 
May,  C.  J.  536.    J. 

665.  R.  88 
Mayer,  T.  445 
Maybew,  Mr.   426. 

C.  429 
Mayne,  R.  559 
Mayo,  Lt.  F.  109 
Medlmrst,  Rev.   C. 

645.     F.  H.  312 
Medwin,T.  R.  427 
Meggison,  Mrs.  218 
Meldrum,    Captain 

104 


Mellish,  R.  C.    88. 

W.  L.  648 
Mellor,  G.  H.  557 
Mellbuisb,  C.  311 
Melsom,  E.  330 
Melvill,  E.  310 
Melville,  Hon.  Mrs. 

198 
Menlove,  T.  442 
Mercditb,   C.    219. 

R.  F.  646 
Merewetber,  H.W. 

335 
Metcalfe,  T.  663 
Metbuen,Maj.  Hon. 

F.  85.     Hon.  F. 
H.  P.  197 

Mew,  M.  A.  666 
Meyer,  L.  J.  219 
Mirhell,  T.  665 
Middlemore,  Lt.  G. 

G.  85 
Middleton,  S.  661. 

W.666 
Midwinter,  W.  M. 

222 
Milbanke,J.  R.645 
Mildmay,  H.  St.  J. 

539 
Mildred,  B.  647 
Miles,    C.    P.   536* 

J.  538.  R.  D,  86. 

W.  310 
Mill,    C.   E.    553. 

W.  H.  85 
Miller,  Mrs.  442.  J. 

329.    T.  H.  669. 

W.  426,  446.  W. 

H.  200 
Millner.T.  1).  198 
Mills,  Mrs.  311.  A. 

S.  428.     H.  441. 

J.  648.  S.C.429. 

T.  R.  199 
Milliard,  Mrs.  311 
Miluer,    Col.    647. 

E.  T.  664.  E.  W. 

647.     J.  427 
Milton,    Visc'tess 

198 
Mincbin,  R.  669 
Minei,  Mrs.  427 
Mitai),  S.  104 
Mitcbell,  R.  C.  426. 

R.  D.  671 
Mitcbison,  J.  429 
Moffat,  E.  552 
Moger,  E.  327 
Mogridge,  M.  I09 
Molle,  E.  334 
Molyiieux,     Mis. 

427.     A.  668.  E. 

200,  429 
Moncorvoy  Bar.  88 


'Moncrieff,  Lady  104 
Moncrieffe,   Sir  T. 

85,87 
Mondreville^  de  Ct. 

334 
Money,    Lady   86. 

D.    I.    221.     W. 

310,  668 
Monsbed,  P.  A.  647 
Montagu,  Hon.  C. 

199.     C.  P.  104. 

W.  331 
Montague,  E.  537 
Montefiore,  J.  U  .333 
Montgomerie,    B, 

332 
Montgomery,    R. 

647.    S.  F.  496 
Montucci,F.  M.328 
Moody,  R.  85 
Moor,  J.  F.  200 
Moore,    Miss    86, 

Mrs.  537.  A.  665. 

O.   536.      C    A. 

311.  H.W.  313. 
M.J.  647.  R.C. 
536.  W.  310,663 

Moorboiise,    Miss 

106 
More  wood,  Mrs.  86 
Morgan,  Mrs.  537. 

Lt. -Col.  669.    D. 

198,  426.     E.  M. 

A.  538.  H.  85. 
J.  331.  M.  A. 
444.  N.  88.  S. 
M.  662.     T.  428. 

w.  107. 

Morison,  J.  558 
Morland,  L;C.  107. 

W.  C.  200 
Morley,    C'tess   of 

86.     G.  558 
Morrel,  A.  197 
Morice,W.  I07.W. 

D.  217 
Morris,  S.  D.  200. 

T.  M.  88 
Morrison,  £.  663. 
Mortimer.G.G.  442. 

J.  B.  648.     R.  T. 

B.  648 
Morton   £.  of   85, 

197.     S.  88. 
Moser,  C.  312 
Mostyn,  M.  109 
Mott,  £.  443 
Motteux,  J.  328 
Moule,  F.  332 
Mounier,  Bar.  1 1 1 
Mount,  Mrs.    553. 

C.  S.  648 
Moxon,  S.  H.  430 
Moyle,t;J.669 


6M 

MucklestoDf  J,  V, 

662 
Mudge,  M.  442.  T. 

667 
Mullen,  Lt..Col.  R. 

197*     Maj.  R.  85 
Manro,  £.  218.    G. 

218 
Mure,  W.  426 
Murray,  Lady  646. 

L.  538.  R.  668 
Murton,  W.  J.  88 
Musgrave«  W.  197. 

W.  P.  86 
Myddleton,    C.   P. 

522 
Nalder,  H.  428 
Napier,    Mrs.  311. 

Sir  C.  85.      Maj. 

Gen.  Sir  C.  645. 

Mig.-Gen.  Sir  C. 

J.  197 
Nasb,  M.217 
Neale,  J.  441.    W. 

R.  313 
Neate,  S.  R.  200 
Neave,  S.  557 
Nelson,  J.  537 
Ness,  W.  331 
Netbersole,Mr8.2l9 

Neve,  F.  H.  213 
Nevile,  G.  K.  88 
NewboltyB.  106.  F. 

217 
Newhall,  S.  536 
Newhou8e,Ct.  H.86 
Newman,  Capt.670. 

T.  445 
Newnbam,  W.    H* 

217 
Newport,  C.  539 
Newton,    M.    218. 

T.    313.    T.   H. 

446 
Nichola8,A.  R.  219 
NicbolU  A.  648.  V. 

88 
NicbolU,      Lt..Col. 

647.  E.E.B.313. 

H.  330.  J.  R.  667 
Nicbols,  C.  219.  J. 

G.  200 
Nicbol8on,En8. 1 10. 

H.  327.     W.  108 
NicoU,  H.  R.  218 
Nind,  E.  W.  539 
Nixon,  D.  668.    E. 

539.    F.  427.  T. 

552 
Noble,  Lt.  110.    C. 

J.  313.    S.219 
Noot,  J.  L.  646 
Norcott,    E.    106, 

645.    M.A.SOO 


700 

Norfolk,  Ducbt  of 

536 
Norman,    C  446. 

Lt.  H*  88.    H.  A* 

198 
Norreys,  C.  87 
Norris,  E.  Sl9.     F. 

W.  538.    H.  110. 

H.  E.  647 
Notley,  S.  219 
Nortb,  J.  H.311 
Nortbaf^e,  M.  104 
Northcote,    Mrs. 

646.     H.  429 
Northumberland, 

Duke  of  310 
Norway,  N.  199 
Nugee,  M.  428 
Nuf^ent,  Sir  J.  110. 

N.  552 
Nunez,  R.  318 
Nunns,  T.  85 
Oakes,  F.  666 
Oakley,  F.  661.    J. 

S19 
O'Brien,  M.  218 
O'Bryen,  Lady   J. 

444 
O'Connor,  J.  86 
Oddie,  J.  428 
O'Dell,  Maj.  H.  E. 

645 
Ody,  W.  109 
Ogilvy,  D.  312 

Ogle,  C.C.  429.    J. 

334 
Oldbam,  J.  87.    T. 

666 
Oldnall,  E.  310 
Oliver,  A.  668.     B. 

668 
Oliphant,  H.  554 
Omand,  H.  86 
O'Meara,    W.    M. 

537 
Onley,  C.  539 
Onslow,  A.  A.  312. 

P.  430 
Orange,    P'cess  of 

537 
Ord,  C.  217 
Orde,  M.  J.  M,  199 
O'Reilly,  Maj.  A.  85 
Orme,Mr6. 198.  R. 

662 
Ormonde,  Marq.  of 

539 
O'Rourke,  J.  537 
Orton,  F.  85 
Ogborn,  Lady  86 
Osborne,    H.    218. 

Hon.W.  G.  199 
Osburne,  J.  T.  444 
OsUr,  T.  105 


tnde^f  to  Namei. 


Oswald,  A.  310 
OcUey,A.444.W.lU 
Ottway,  G.  G.  197 
Outraro,  J.  197 
Owen,  H.  D.  311. 

I.  J.  669.    M.  C. 

648.  O.F.85,537. 

R.660.  R.  H.221 
Oxenbam,  A.  665 
Oxley,  T.  553 
Page,  C.  A.  428.  £. 

556.    E.   L.   87. 

W.  W.  327 
Paget,  F.  J.  539 
Primrose,  Hon.  Mn. 

646 
Pain,  C.  318 
Pakenbam,  R.  645 
Palairet,  Mn.  537 
Paley,  J.  198 
Palmer,  E.W.  313. 

Mrs.  R.  S.   311. 

S.  445,  665 
Pancben,  M.  103 
Parbury,  C.  663 
Paris,  E.  429 
Parker,     Lady     C. 

198.     C.  C.  339. 

E.  646.  G.H.  313. 

J.  S.  312.    L.  H. 

430.  M.  2 17.    R. 

D.  648.     S.  537. 

T.  444,  558 

Parkinson,  R.M.  88. 

W.  F.  426 
Parratt,  J.  332 
Parry,  E.  103.  P.  86 
Parson,  J.  428 
Parsons,  F.  J.  647 
Pasco,  Capt.  427 
Pasley,  Maj.  G.  645 
Passy,  Maj.  E.  W. 

426 
Patch,  S.  428 
Palerson,  D.C.  313. 

L.  M.  P.  647 
Patience,  J.  T.  107 
Patrick,  Maj.  J.  85 
Patten,  W.  440 
Paterson,  Lt.  110 
Pattinsoii,  J.   214, 

660 
Pattison,  J.  536 
Pattisson,  E.  329 
Paitle,  Col.  W.  197 
Patton,  J.  310 
Paul,  J.215.M.554 
Payne,   C.   H.  648. 

£.  539,    S.   538. 

S.  R.  648 
Peacocke,  Gen.  Sir 

W.  85 
Peake,  T.  C.  85 
Pearce,  L.  M.  199] 


Pearse,  S.  331 
Pearson,  C.  328.  H. 

646.  S.  J.  554. 
Lt.-Gen.  Sir  T. 
645.  W.  214 

Peck,  J.  215 
Pedder,  J.  i30 
Peel,  Mrs.  198 
Peile,  H.  313 
Peiroe,  M.  663 
Pemberton,  A.  R. 

647.  R.  668 
Penfold,  Mrs.  668. 

R.  445 
Penn,  J.  107 
Pennefatber,     Lt.. 

Col.  J.  L.  197 
Pennell,  B.  671 
Fennethorne,J.  536 

Pennington,  J.  648. 
R.  328 

Pennycuick,  J.  M. 

648 
Penrice,    G.     444. 

S.  556 
Penrose,    Mrs.  86. 

C.88 
Perceval,  P.  312 
Percival,    Mrs.    E. 

311 
Perigal,  F.  329 
Perkins,  Mrs.  311. 

G.H.  536 
Perrier,  A.  645 
Perrott,  I.  G.  333. 

P.  W.  88 
Perry,    C.   H.  647. 

W.  109 
Pershore,W.  B.  441 
Perthes^  F.  282 
Peterson,  F.  L.  87 
Petit,  A.  671 
Pet  ley,  C.  R.  429 
Peto,'A.  312 
Pet  re,    Lady     104. 

Hon.  VV.  539 
Pett,  S.  430 
Pettigrew,E.C.M. 

199 
Pettingal,  C.  536 
Pewtntr,  W.  670 
Peyton,  Mrs.  427 
Pbeiips,  A.  647 
Phelpa,  R.  198 
Fben^,  Mrs.  311 
Phiiipps,  H.  109 
Philips,  H.L.  430 
Pbillimore,  R.  219 
Phillips,  A.M.  539. 

E.   221.     E.   A. 

105.  F.  S.  P.  199. 

J.   B.    427.     M. 

J.  429.     R.  331, 

669.    T.  J.  556 


Pbillott,  E.  C.  P.  88. 

W.  C.  447 
Pbilpot,  E.  A.  313. 

Lt.-Gen.  P.  102 
Pbipps,   Mrs.    311, 

Lady  557.    Lady 

M.  86 
Pbytbian,  J.  44.8 
Picard,  H.  445 
Pickwick,W.E.3l0 
Pierce,  H.  S.  430. 

J.  216 
Piercy,  J.  105 
Pierse,  J.  F.  563 
Pigeon,  R.  U.  430 
Pightling,  A.M.556 
Pilbrow,  J.  539 
Pilcbar,  de,  C.  670 
Pilcher,  E.  E.  637 
Pilkiogton,  M.  A.86 
Pillans,  W.  H.  87 
Filling,  Maj.  0. 486 
Pincknay,  W.  818 
Pinnock,  W,  863 
Piper,  £.  M.  388 
Pitcher,  J.  A.  199 
Pitmiin,  J.  C.  647. 

L.  J.  637 
Place,  G.  A.  667 
Platt,M.53a.  R.441 
Plunket,  Hon.   H. 

536 
Pacbin,  Mrs.  487 
Pocock,  F.  M.  488. 

G.  486 
Pococke,  A.  M.  667 
Podmore,  Mrs.  646 
Pogson,  W.  R.  669 
Pule,  Mrs.  311,646 
Foley,  C.  H.  W.339 
Polbill,  N.  218 
Pullard.  G.  197 
Follington,  Visc'ss. 

198 
PoUuck,  Lady  437 
PoUok,  E.  558 
Pomeroy,  Mr.  86 
Poole,  C.  J.  648.  J. 

197,  444 
Pooley,  H.  667 
Pope,  J.  498.   S.  88 
Pupham,  E.  820 
Port,  H.  538 
Porter,  W.  446 
Poriman,  Mrs.  H. 

537.  VV.  668 
Potter,  C.  H.  536. 

R.  86 
Potts,  A.  M.  87 
Powell,  C.  669.    E. 

663.    M.  £.  487. 

M.  J.  428.  S.  819. 

S.  V.  330.  Lt.  T. 

86.  T.  311 


JnctejT  to  Kamea. 


Pratt,  C.  429.    Lt. 

C.  T.  S.  426.     H. 

E.  551.  M.  A.  313 
Prattenton,  C.  668 
Presgrave,  \V.  537 
Preston,  J.  T.  87. 

Hon.T.4j29.T.539 
Price,  J.  220.  P.  H. 

646.     R.  M.  329 
Prichard,     T.   443. 

W.  P.  M.  329 
Prideaux,  W.  638 
Prior,  T.  660.  T.  Y. 

427 
Pritchard,  C.  539 
Probyn,  J.  661 
Protbero,  Mrs.  86 
Prowett,  C.  87 
Pruen,  E.J.  219 
Prussia,  Prince  W. 

A.  of  335 
Pryce,  R.  330 
Prynne,  C.  538 
Pryor,  Miss  87.     J. 

198.     R.  87.     R. 

V.  198 
Puckle,  E.  199 
Pugh,  F.  M.  557 
Pughe,  R.  646 
Pulford,  R.  539 
Pulling,  L.  200 
Pulsford,  L.  312 
Purdon,  Pr.  446 
Purvis,  G.J.  333 
Putnam,  £.  104 
Pybus,  H.  333 
Py croft,  J.  313 
Pyke,  G.  87.  J.  669 
Pym,  F.  311.  H.W. 

222 
Pyne,  A.  311,  427. 

A.  J.  669 
Pynsenl,  T.  313 
Quarington,  T.  443 
Quarmby,  J.  214 
Quarrier,  D.  107 
Quartley,  H.R.  533 
Quill,  E.  312.  Hon. 

R.  G.  555 
Raby,  H.E.  199 
Raokstrow,  R.  88 
Kadcliffe,  Mrs.  198. 

A.  W.    536.    Rt. 

H.  Dr.  333 
Radford,  VV.T.A.3 11 
Raeburn,  T.  332 
Raikes,  F.  T.  428 
Rainier,  E.  C.  313 
Rait, Lady  C.  646 
Raitt,  G.D.  446 
Ram,M.  A.  £.88 
Ramsay,  £.  199.  R. 

W.  428 
Ramsden,  J.  F.  536 
Ramshawj  C*  552 


Ranee,  T.  F.  816 
Randolph,   ^.  428. 
E,  J.3I2.  Maj.J. 

w.  197 

Rankin,  J.  H.  646 
Ranney,  W.  P.  671 
Rasbley,  J.  428 
Raven,  S.  219 
Ravei\9haw,C.A.443 
Rawling8,W.85,664 
Rawlins,  F.J.  200 
Rawdon,  A.  109 
Raw  son,  S.  440 
Rayment,  J.  £.  104 
Rayner,  A.  327 
Raynsford,  £.  429 
Raysoii,  A*  h,  430 
Reade,  J,  217,  327 
Reading,  £.  P,  557 
Redington,T«N,645 
Reed,  C.  556.  Li.  M. 

428 
Reeks,  E.  A.  646 

Reid,  Lady  427.    A. 

66d.    Lt.-Col.  A. 

T.  197.    J.  426. 

L.  200.    S.  L.  87 
Renaud,R.  A.  199 
Rennie,  S.  £,  A  538 
Renouf,  N.  312 
Repton,  E.  E.  445 
Rew,  J.  445 
Reynolds,  £.  332 
Rham,  W.  L.  662 
Rhodes,  W.  665 
Rich,C.312.W.C.86 
Richards,  Mrs.  311. 

C.  87.    £.  J.  88. 

G.104,  213.Capt. 

G.    110.    G.   M. 

429.  H.  310.    J. 

551,  662.    M.  A. 

539.     W.  441 
Richardson, M.  Gen. 

88.  Mr8.537, 666. 

£.536.  SirJ.310. 

M.  A.  217,    W. 

312   333 
Richford,A.  M.330 
Rickaby,  J.  648 
Riqkards,  G.  K.  536 
Ricketts,  Sir  C.645. 

E.  T.  427.    G.R. 

G.  648 
Riddell,  Mrs.  223 
Rideout,  A.  S.  442 
Rider,  I.T.  P.  200 
Ridgway,  J.  87.    T. 

H.  445 
Ridley,   Lady    427. 

Capt.  C.  W.  197. 

£.  646 
Ridout,  T.  443 
Rietti,  J.  332 
Rigby,  C.  88 


Rigg,  H.  539 
Ringway,  J.  330 
Ripley,  L.  M.  88 
Rippon,  R.  665 
Risdon,  J.  217 
Rising,  R.  C.  538 
Ritson,  W.  332 
Rivington,  C.  552 
Roberts,  Mrs.  665. 

£.  668.  E.  S.313. 

Ii.  R.  330.  J»  Rp 

327.  M.  440.  M. 

A.  F.  430.    R.  J. 

111.    T.  C,  447. 

W.  G.  557 
Robertson,  A,  331. 

D.  85.  J.  311, 
426,  646.  J.  D. 
664.  J.  P.  671.  P. 
645 

Robins,  H.  445 
Robinson,  Miss  108. 

Ladyl98,217.  H. 

670.  J.  198,  214. 

J.  J.  645.     J.  P. 

664.  L.  328,  430. 

M.  645.  S.  655 
Robley,  C.  665 
Rob^on,  G.  Y.  313. 

I.  440.  J.  U.  426 
Roch,  Mrs.  646.  H. 

329 
Rockel  222 
Roderick,  A.  669 
Rodgers,J.  £.313 
Rodney,   Rt.   Hon. 

T.  J. H.  666 
Roe,F.313.  T.J.219 
Roebuck,  Mrs.  311 
Rogers,   Mrs.  441. 

E.  A.  554.  £.  J. 
428.  G.  A.  437. 
H.220.  H.B.218. 
M.  221.  Capt.W. 
106 

Rolfe,  £.  N.  536 
Ruoke,   Mrs.    427. 

E.  A.  198 
Rookes,  Mrs.  31 1 
Roome,  M.  312 
Roper,  S.  539 
RosLotbam,  W.  440 
Rose,  G.  108 
Ross,  E.  A.  103.  J. 

J.  C.  648.     L.  M. 

555.     VV.  H.  87 
Rothschild,  Ldy.  198 
Rotton,  E.  538 
Roughton,W.C.198 
Roumieu,  M.  M.  87 
Rousby,  C.  552 
Rouse,  £.  G.  C.fiOO. 

H.  662.  W.553 
Rowden,  G.  C.  537 
Rowf y  J.  428 


701 

Rowiell,  E.  539 
Rowson,  £.  200 
Rotby,  H.  R.  647 
Royds,  G.  428 
Ruck,  L.  88 
Rudall,  £.  S6 
Ruddock,  Mrs.  331 
Rudge,  E.  665 
Ruding,  H.  8.  538 
Rumsey,  H.  665 
Rush,  M.  T.  88 
Rushbridger,  J.  3 1 1 
Rushbrooke,  M.  88 
Rushton,  T.  536 
Rupell,  Mrs.  86.  E. 

313.    J.  558.    J. 

L.  F.  647.   J.  M. 

427.    J.  W.  200 
Rutt,  G.  917 
Ruxton,  J.  H.  87 
Ryan,  Sir  £.  85 
Ryder,  LadyG.  427 
Ryle,  C.  646 
Rynes,  Mrs.  86 
Sabb,  J.  331 
Sainsbury,  Miss  104 
Saint,  J.  J.  86 
St.  Barbe,  E.  86 
St.  Croix,  W.de  444 
St.George,H.  J.538 
St.  JohD,St.A.110. 

H.  £.  220 
Salkeld,  T.  647 
Salter,  J.  665 
Salusbury,  J.  215 
Samwell,  T.F.  221 
Sanders,  A.  L.  312. 

Lt.  C.  £.  426.  M. 

A.  199 
Sanderson,    Hon. 

Mrs.  537.   S.  327 
Sandbam,  M.  538 
Sandon,  LadyF.427 
Sandwith,   J.  332. 

R.  A. 313 
Sankey,  S.  313 
Sanneman,  H.  104. 

H.  T.  338 
Saulez,  E.  A.  538 
Saumarez,  Mrs. 31 1 
Saunders,  Mrs.  441. 

A.  88.  L.  A.  103 
Savage,   Lady  107. 

H.M.312.  0.333 
Savile,  Mrs.  86, 445 
Say,  Capt.  539.  M. 

A.  555 
Scadding,  H.E.  670 
Scales,  £.  538 
Scarlett,  L.  647.  P. 

C.  88 
Scbillingsfurst, 

Prince  334 
Schleswigi     Prince 

110 


702 


Index  to  Names, 


Schol«ficld,    J.  M. 

328.     M.  H.  88 
Scbultes,  F.  H.  104 
Schwabe,  £.  A.  87 

198 
Scott,    Hon.    Mrs. 

198.     A.  £.  337. 

A.  M.  667.      E. 

199,216.     G.85. 

J.  W.  536.     M. 

A.  332.    T.  106 
Scrivcn,  J.  222 
Seafield,  £.  of  430 
Seagram,     H.     85. 

W.  L.  87 
Seagrim,  W.  108 
Seale,  Lt.  333.    M. 

T.  646 
Sealy,  T.  H.  107 
Seaman,  A.  106 
Seccombe,  Lt.  110. 

E.  556 
Secretan,  M.S. 537 
Sedgwick,  A.  553 
Semple,  Mrs.   646. 

R.  H.  312 
Senhouse,E.M.  647 
Sewell,  J.  329 
Seymour,   H.   663. 

J.  B.  671.  S.  428 
Sbaddack,  J.  328 
Shairp,  E.  D.  669 
Sbakesbaft,  C.  668 
Sbarland,  A.  C.  647 
Sharp,  W.G.  671 
Sbarpe»  A.  R.  310 
Shaw,  E.  333.     F. 

W.  427,  660.    J. 

H.    110.     M.   A. 

427.     W.  429 
Shawe,Hn.  Mrs.537 
Sheffield,  Mrs.  311 
Sheil,  E.  223 
Sbepard,  Vice  Ad.J. 

K.  215 
Sheppard,D.P.552. 

J.  328.    M.  A.  R. 

647.     P.  554 
Sherard,  S.  H.  648 
Sherwin,T.  C.  645 
Sherwood,H.M.426 
Sbewell,E.  I.F.313 
Shickler,  Bar,  222 
Shilleto,F.3I2 
Shirley,  L.  537 
Shore,  S.  S.  426 
Shores,  H.  327 
Shorland,W.220 
Short,  W.  A.  330 
Shout,  R.  552 
Shuckburgb,  C.  V. 
198.  Mrs.  R.  311 
Shouldham,C.  K.86 
Shuttlewortb,F.H. 

444 


Siborr,CHpt.W.645 
Sillifant,  C.  106 
Simmons,  J.  536 
Simpson,  Lady  537. 

E.  B.   443,  445. 

G.    F.     198.      J. 

221.M.ie9.T.I09 
Sims,  H.  536 
Sinclair,  E.  429 
Singer,  A.  428 
Sisson,  J.  L.  426 
Skinern,J.  219 
Skinner,  Mrs.  646. 

S.  668.     T.  333 
Skipwilh.W.  538 
Skrine,  H.D.  429 
Skynner,  Mr.  665 
Skyring,  M.  669 
Slade,    J.  H.  445. 

M.  K.  86 

Sleatb,  J.  217 
Slipper,  R.B.  311 
Smallcombe,  S.  538 
Smalley,  C.  648.  E. 

648 
Smart,  £.  J.  430. 

J.  N.  106 
Smear,  E.  M.  539 
Smith,  Mrs.  220.  A. 

331.   Lt.-Col.  C. 

85.     C.  330.    Sir 

C.    F.    536.     C. 

H.    199.    C.  M. 

430.     D.  S.  537 

E.G.  445.    E.G. 

107.E.H.I98.  F. 

H.539.  F.M.220. 

G.538.   G.T.445. 

1.  87.   L  F.  221. 

J.  86.   J.C.  221, 

665.     J.  F.  4.27. 

J.  R.   430.      K. 

429.    L.M.  667. 

M.  538.     O.  85. 

P.    P.     88.       S. 

326,  648.     S.  G. 

220.     S.  S.  647. 

S.  VY.   537.     T. 

553.     W.  555 
Smyth,  A.  M.f3l2. 

Maj.  G.  426.  R. 

M.  313 
Smythe,  H.W.  443 
Snatt,  J.  QQQ 
Snelgar,  J.  550 
Snow,    E.    S.   217. 

H.  311 
Soames,  D.  W.  429 
Soltan,  W.F.  198 
Somerset,  Lady  W. 

442 
Soper,  H.  S.  328 
Sotheby,  S.  L.  199 
Suutham,  H.  668 
Southey,  Mrs.  427 


Sparke,  S.  200 
Sparling,  J.  539 
Sparrow,  J.  3 13.  M 

P.  427 
Speck,  E.  J.  428 
Spencer,  Hon.  Mrs. 

311.    Capt.A.  A. 

197.    A.  G.  536. 

Rt.   Rev.  A.   G. 

645.    H.  429.    J. 

W.  85,  88 
Spens,  J.  539 
Spenser,  N.  661 
Spicer,  E.  429 
Spooner,  C.  200 
Squier,  E.  647 
Squire,  S.  445 
Stabback,  M.  665 
Stace,  H.  C.  199 
Stack,  M.  197 
Stackbouse,  A.  646 
Stacy,   Lt.-Col.   L. 

R.  645 
Stafford,  S.  553 
Stair,Gen.J.E.of  85 
Stanbrough,  M.  A. 

200 
Stanbope,C'tS8.552. 

M.A.  537.    Lady 

W.  539 
Stanley,    Mrs.    86, 

427.     E.  S.  647. 

F.  W.  108.  S.103 
Staples,  Lt.  M.  86 
Siapieton,H.M.444 
Starke,  J.  F.T.  669 
Starkie,  T.  W.  222 
Stead,F.538.W.664 
Stebbing,  M.  104 
Stedman,E.670.  J. 

R.  429 
Steed,  R.  668 
Steele,  F.  C.  646 
Steiglitz,Bar.de  110 
Stein,  B'ss.  of  334 
Stephens,    C.   555. 

D.  E.  561.    J.  R. 

538 
Stephenson,  E.  197* 

J.  H.  647 
Stevens,  J.  661.  L. 

217.  R.  669.  S.J. 

197.    T.  87 
Steven8on,J.  87,331 

Steward,  J.  M.  559 
Stewart,  H.  S.  312. 

M.  A.   552.    M. 

P.428.  T.  D.426. 

W.  334 
Stieli,  W.  H.  539 
Still,  F.  e^s 
Stoakes,  Mrs.  667 
Stockdale,    A.    M. 

537.     M.  648 
Stockley,  E.  F.  539 


Stoddart,  R.  W.  3I3 
Stoker,  J.  219 
Stokes,  H.  G.    88. 

J.  L.  645 
Stone,  M.  2Uf  666 
Stopford,  R.  F.  537 
Stor,  E.  S.  668 
Storey,  P.  F.  I97 
Story,    Mrs.     335, 

646.  C.  647.    P. 

L.670 
Stoughton,  E.  647 
Stracbey,  P.  P.  446. 

Lt.T.  no 
Stradling,  F.  A.  667 
Strangways,  M.  637 
Streatfield,  Mr.  (56. 

G.  H.  199 
Street,  H.  88 
Strickland,  Mrs.  106 
Stringar,  R.  108 
Stroker,  W.  558 
Stronacb,  E.  429 
Strong,  R.  H.  537. 

W.  B.  664.     W. 

H.  646 
Strongitbarm,  J.W. 

219 
Stuart,  C.  J.  218. 

J.  666 
Stubbs,  S.  331 
Sturton,  S.  555 

Suckling,  B.W.  87. 
H.  110 

Summerfield,A.  557 
Sumner,  C.  103 
Surre,  E.  D.  539 
Surtees,  N.  88 
Sutherland,  aB.  87 
Swaine,  S.  539.  W. 

E.  87,  198 
Swainson,  J.H.  311 
Sweeting,   Lt.-Col. 

H.  L.426.  S.200 
Swifte,  T.  110 
Swinburn,  J.  536 
Swindon,  W.  313 
Swinton,  A.  F.  W. 

552 
Sydenham,  A.C.  428 
Sykes,  J.  441 
Symonds.    S.    329. 

T.  M.  426 
Symuns,  Mrs.  311. 

G.  220 
Synnot,  A.  J.  430. 

M.  S.  430 
Taddy,  J.  87 
Tailby,  E.  M.  A.  87 
Tait,  A.  C.  200 
Talbot,  Mrs.  86, 427« 

Capt.  C.  645.    J. 

106.  R.313.  Hon. 

W.  312 
TaoDabUl,  J.  221 


Index  to  Names, 


703 


Tanner,  Mrs.  311. 
A.  648.    T.  662 

TanquerayjJ.S.  4^9 
Tate,  T.  646 
Taubman,  Mrs.  31 1 
Taunton,  Mrs.  311. 

T.  H.  429 
Taylor,    Mrs.   221. 

Lt.-Col.  C.C.I  97. 
E.  330.  J.  550. 
J.  A.  88.  L.  C. 
443.  Lady  M. 554. 
Lady  S.  427.    W. 

536.  W.  R.  551 
Teed,  T.  670 
Telford,  G.  \im 
Temperley,  E.  667 
Temple,  VV.  426 
Templer,Capt.G.88 
Terry,  M.  667 
Tessi,  G.  310 
Thacker,  E,  108 
Theed,  F.  539 
Thesiger,  A.  312 
Thistleton,  E.  648 
Thomas,  Mrs.   198. 

A.  214,  538.  C. 
328,331,430.  E. 
662.  H.  J.  328. 
J.  536,  654.     L. 

537.  M.  198.  R. 
M.444.  W.S.200 

Thomason,H.B.332 
Thompson,  C.  646. 

C.  E.  199.   C.  H. 

312.     H.  S.  430. 

J.  102.  J.C.  648. 

M.44I.  M.A.87. 

M.  W.  87.    R.  C. 

536.     S.  221.   T. 

C.216 

Thomson,  Mrs.  446. 

S.  H.  C.  334 
Thorley,    Capt.    C. 

106 
Tbornber,  J.  429 
Thornhill,  J.  88 
Thorneley,  L.  86 
Thornton,    E.    87. 

L.  J.  552 
Thorold,  Mrs.  646 
Thorpe,  F.  108 
Thrin^.T.  428,537 
Tbrockmortoii  Lady 

86 
Thrush,  T.  332 
Tibbey,  R.  M.  200 
Tiffen,  C.  E.  llO 
Tighe,  H.  U.  85 
Tilson,  O.  328 
limins,  J.  F.  218 
Timmins,  Mrs.  198. 

J.  647 
Tingcumbe,     F.  C. 

334 
Tinkler,  J.  85,  536 


Tippoo,  Pr.  M.  558 
Tipton,  Miss  667 
Tobln,  M.  A.  106 
Todd,    E.    J.    426. 

Mrs.  J.  311.    M. 

328 
Todhunler,  A.  647 
Tolkenton,  J.  103 
ToUemache,     Hon. 

F.  T  553 
Tomlinson,  J.  105 
Tomson,    E.     427. 

R.  539 
Tonge,  Mrs.  442 
Tooke,  Mrs.  647 
Topbam,  J.  426 
Toreno,   Count  de 

670 
Tottenham,  C.  558 
Toulmin,    A.     441. 

E.  M.  198.  J.  660 
Touzeau,  J.  C.  426 
Tower,  F.  429 
Townley,  Capt.  197 
Townsend,  E.S.  539 
Townshend,  J.  310, 

W.  426 
Tracy,  Mrs.  198 
TraflFord,  A.  328 
Traflford,  de,   C.  S. 

539 
Travers,  N.  538 
Travis,  A.  B.  428 
Trecoihick,  J.444 
Trenchard,  L.  217 
Trevelyan,  Mrs.  86 
Trew,  J.  M.  430.  J. 

M*C.  645 
Trewhitt,  Capt.  429 
Trimmer,  J.R.  553 
Triscott,  E.  A.  87 
Trist,  S.  H.  223 
Tritton,H.430 
Trollope,  Capt.   C. 

85.     E.  536 
Trotman,H.  E.  199 
Trotter,  Hon.  Mrs. 

646.  C.648.  1.333 
Truugbton,  J.  557* 

J.  E.  311 
Truman,  Mrs.  311. 

J. O.  313 
Tuck,  J.  J.  539 
Tucker,  A.  197.   P. 

C.  440 
Tudor,  J.  219 
Tuffnell,  A.313.  A. 

A.  330 
TuUob, A.  199 
Tunley,  M.  328 
Turner,   Mrs.   198. 

A.  200,  536.     n. 

445.     F.M.I  99. 

H.  108..  L.  430. 

M.  F.  107.  M.H. 

86.    S.  107>  113 


Turnor,  Lt.  C.  W. 

426 
Tumour,  G.  110 
Turton,  VV.  R.  311 
Tweedy,  M.  539 
Twining,  T.  430 
Twynam,H.  218 
Twyne,  W.  646 
Tylee,  S.  107 
Tymlut,  F.  331 
Tyrell,  M.  430 
Tyrrell,  F.  103.  M. 

A.  554 
Tytler,  C.  E.  86 
Umpleby,  J.  426 
Unett,E.  F.  L.  429. 

G.  429.  M.  J.  647 
Uniacke,  M.  554 
Unwin,  J.    328.  R. 

86 
Upwood,  T.  T.  85, 

311 
Urquhart,  A.   645. 

M.  221 
Usborne,  TH.200 
Valeant,  Mrs.  311 
Valentine,  A.  557 
Vallance,  T.  T.  QGQ 
Vandeleur,Rev.  Mr. 

550.  C.  M.  197 
Vane,  Lady  F.  313 
Vanneck,  Hon. Mrs. 

537 
Vansittart,  Rr.  Ad. 

110 
Van    Straubenzee, 

Capt.  C.  645 
Varenne,  A.  220 
Varly,  M.  A.  667 
Vaugban,   Maj.   B, 

H.  645.     H.3I0. 

J.  219 
Vawdrey,  D.  537 
Veasey,  C.  648 
Veitcb,W.  D.  427 
Vere,E.  331 
Vernell,  E.  I.  430 
Verner.G.  A.  D.429. 

G.  O.  651.   Capt. 

R.N.  85 
.  Vernet,  J.  223 
Vernon,   Mrs.  646. 

M.  539.    W.  311 
Veysey,  T.  665 
Victor,  H.   85.    H. 

H.  538 
Vidal,  Mrs.  198.   S. 

A.  219 
Vignole,  Dr.  85 
Villeneufve,C'ss.  O. 

de  110 
Villiers,  Hon.  Mrs. 

311.  Visc'ss.  646. 

Hon.  A.  32T 
Vincent,  M.L.  558. 

R.  664,  669 


Vink,W.A.deG.447 
Viret,  M.  557 
Vivian,  Dr.  526.  M. 

C.  669 

Von  Ranke,  L.  648 
Vowles,  J.  444 
Vyner,  A.  426 
Waddington,C.  197 
Waddle,  J.  552 
Wade,  H.  536.     R. 

W.  313 
Wadham,  J.  555 
Wad  man,  J.  103.  S. 

663 
Wainwrlgbt,H.538. 

H.  M.  538 
Waite,  A.  88 
Wakefield,  E.  428, 

647 
Walbaum,  A.  312 
Walbridge,  M.   H. 

329 
Walden,  Lady  H.de 

427 
Waldo,  S.  665 
Wales,  Mrs.  328 
Walker,  Mrs.  311. 

D.  F.  103.E.428. 
E.W.3I3.G.  311. 
H.  87.  H.  W.  R. 
88.  J.  430,  645. 
R.  310.  Capt.  T. 
85.  W.  648.  W. 
W.  200 

Walkey,  B.  106 
Wall,  S.  668 
Wallace,  J.  L.  440. 

R.  430.     S.  218. 

W.  221 
Waliis,  A.  W.   646. 

G.  663 
Walpolc,  Mrs.  427. 

W.428 
Walrond,   M.   664. 

M.  E.  554 
Waisb,  H.  221 
Walsingbam,   Lady 

311 
Walter,  F.  D.  428 
Walters,  M.  C.  200. 

R.  327 
Waltham,  J.  31] 
Walton,  D.  N.  428 
Warburton,  H.  645 
Warde, 'E.  C.  430. 

T.  H.  87 
Warden,  J.  441 
Warinjr,  S.  220 
Warneford,C.F.430 
Warner,  F.  200.  H. 

446 
Warren,  A.  104.  E. 

E.  313.    J.  F.  H. 

538.     R.  B.  664 
Wastell,  M.  430 
Waterfall,  E.  103 


704 

Waterfor<S,Dean  of, 

Mary,     daughter 

of  647 
Watklns,   A.    I09. 

G.  P.  109 
Watson,    Mrs.    86, 

537.    J.  648.    L. 

200.  M.  667.  M. 

A.  667 
Walter,  L.  328 
Watts,  J.  .'536.     P. 

86.  W.  538 
Wauihope,  Maj.  G. 

85.     G.  197 
Waud,  S.  W.  426 
Way,  A.  329.  C.  J. 

646.  Lt.-Gen.Sir 

G.  645 
Wayte,  M.  F.  217 
Weaver,  E.  427 
Webb,  C.  88.  D.  H. 

87.  E.  441.  H. 
L.  326  J.B.537. 
R.  554.  T.  430. 
T.  W.  87 

Webber,  A.  670 
Webster,  W.  554 
Weddall,  W.  L.311 
Weddell,  C.  200 
Wedderburn,  E.  J. 

459 
Wedgwood  J.  556 
Wedlake,  T.  442 
Weidemann,  C.   F. 

L.  86 
Weippert,  J.  556 
Welch,  Mrs.  331 
Weld,    Mrs.    427. 

E.  442 
Welidoii,  J.  427 
Wellesley,  Miss  335. 

Hon.    Mrs.    427. 

Hon.  H.  645.  H. 

648 
Wells,  Mrs.  86.     A. 

444.  K.  444 
WelUted,  Lt.  J.  R. 
Weltje,  E.  648 
Were,  N.  554 
Werge,  R.  D.  222 
Werner,  T.  646 
Wertoby,  A.  85 
We8coaibe,L.  E.  J. 

429 
West,  Mrs.  311.  A. 

445.  B.F.426.  J. 
199.  J.  W.  106. 
M.663.M.L.  199 

We8tly,H.  443 
Wetherall,  Col.  G. 
A.  197 


Index  to  Namn. 


Wetherell,Miu917. 

A.  M.  37.  C.  106 
Wet  more,  M.  555 
WhaitesE.  199 
Wball,  W.  646 
Whalley,  J.  P.  646 
Wharton,  J,  C.  85. 

W.  555 
Whatman,  J.  555 
Wbeatsune,  Lt.  559 
Wheeler,  Mrs.  312. 

G.  D.  313.    H.  R. 

329 
Wheeley,  Mrs.  107 
Wheler,  G.  H.  645 
Whidborne,  S.  665 
Whinfield,  M.441 
Whipham,  A.  430 
Whish,  Mrs.  198 
Whistler,  G.W.  221 
Whitcumbe,    Lady 

445 
White,  A.  313.     C. 

216.     E.  441.  L. 

218.     T.  J.  200 
Whitehead,     Mrs. 

311.     C.  220 
Whiteley,  G.  430 
Whitley,  E.  85.  M. 

647 
Whitlie,  W.T.  197 
Whitlock,P.G.  106 
Whittinp,  W.  539 
Whitty,Lt.C.L426 
Whitluck,C.A.876 
Whitworth,  T.  426 
Whyddon,Mr8.311 
Whyte,  E.  104,647 
Whytehead,  T.  439 
Wickham,  B.  647 
Wight,    Mrs.    220. 

J.  85 
Wigram,  Mrs.  311 
Wigton,  W.  811 
Wilhraham,  E.  537 
Wilcox,  R.645 
Wiles,  E.  553 
Wilkie,  E.  333 
Wilking,  W.  538 
Wilkins,  C.  669 
Wilkinson,  A.  P.  S. 

536.     Ct  88.     C. 

A.  86.  C.J.  216. 

G.  H.  199.  H.  B. 

537-     M.  A.  85 
Wilkisson,J.W.668 
Wilks,  A.  M.  443 
Willard,  C.  107 
Willett,  A.  430.  A. 

M.  538 
Willey,  G.  550 


Williams,  Mn.  198. 

Miss  438.    Lady 

648.  A.  429,  556, 

C.  647.    E.   109. 

214,  538,  555.  F. 

110.     H.  87,555. 

J.  311,312,  668. 

J.  D.  647.  L.UO, 

326,  646.    L.  C. 

313.     M.  E.  430. 

M.    L.   665.    T. 

645 
Williamson,  W.  221 
Willis,  M.  555 
Willmott,  L.  88 
Willoughby,  M..F. 

197 
Wills,  W.  H.  86 
Wilson,    Mrs.    86. 

A. 313.  C.T.647. 

F.  W.  200.      G. 

331.  M.  426.  M. 

E.  311.     S.\f. 
109.   T.  216.  W. 
428 

Wilson,  H.  S.  216 
Windle.J.E.  218 
Windus,  J.  104.  L. 

430 
Wing,  F.  219.      M. 

108 
Winnington,    Mrs. 

311 
Winstanley,  W.  B. 

660 
Winter,  C.  C.  664. 

M.  667.     T.  332. 
Wirgman,  G.  552 
Wise,  W.J.  31 1 
Wissett,  A.  107 
Witham,  F.  670 
Wittgenstein,    Ct. 

334 
VVix,  F.  539 
Wodehouse,  A.  311 
Wolcott,  M.  200 
Wolfe,  R.B.  661 
WoUaston,  E.  327. 

F.  310 
Wolseley,  H.  329 
Wood,  A.  645.     E. 

199.    H.  313.  R. 

85.  S.  F.  220.  T. 

665.     W.  L.  555 
Woodall,A.  331 
Woodburn,  A.  197 
Woodcock,  W.  109. 

W.  T.  536 
Woodforde,  T.  444 
Woodgate,  M.  429. 

T.  426 


Woodhouf  e,  M.  108. 

W.  W.  430 
Woodman,     Hon. 

Mrs.  198 
Woodriff,  R.  327 
Woudward,T.C.538 

Woodyeare,J.F.4S9 
WooUcombe,  H.  P. 

538 
Woolmer,  E.  88 
Woolricb,  J.  2S0 
Wootton,  E.  64S 
Wordsworth,  Mre. 

537.    C.  F.  427 
Workman,  R.  667 
Worlledge,  J.  430 
Worsley,  Mrs.  666. 

H.  88,   198.     M. 

818 
Worthiogton,F.668 
Wotton,  H.  555 
Wrey,  Sir  B.  P.  539 
Wright,  H.  487.  H. 

M.  219.     P.  668 
Wrottesley,  M.  C. 

C.  86.    Hon.  W. 

800 
Wulf,  Rr.  Ad.  Ill 
Wyatt,  H.  M.  87. 

T.  665 
Wykebam,    iP.    W. 

M.536 
Wyld,  C.  J.  87 
Wylie,  H.  E.  538. 

M.86 
Wyllle,  J.  645.     W. 

197 
Wynn,  W.  87 
Wynne,  1,  L.  665. 

J.  645.      L.  670 
Wynter,J.  C.  313 
Wynyard,  G.  B.  486 
Yate,  L.  537 
Yates,    Mrs.    440. 

Mrs.  G.  216.   H. 

S.  538.     M.  108 
Yelvertoii,  Hon.  A. 

M.  670 
Yeoman,  C.  310 
Yerbury,  J.  818 
Yolland.  W.  3 13 
Yorke,  P.W.64e 
Young,  A.  108.    A. 

H.  S.  559.  H.  B. 

310.    N.  R.  443. 

S.663.  S.E.  105. 

W.  O.  334 
Younge,  H.  104 
Younger,  A.  H.  M* 

553,  556 
Zobel,  Bar.T.313 


END  OF  VOL.  XX. 


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