mSSBm
UC-NRLF
B 3 371 53b
THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
PRESENTED BY
PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND
MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID
GEODEPHAGA BRITANNICA
GEODEPHAGA BRITANNICA.
A MONOGRAPH
OF THE
CARNIVOROUS GROUND-BEETLES
INDIGENOUS TO THE
BRITISH ISLES.
BY
JOHN FREDERIC DAWSON, LL.B.
LONDON:
JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW.
1854.
PRINTED BY TAYLOK AND FBANCIS,
BED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS.
IN consequence of a suggestion made to me by several of my
entomological friends and correspondents, I have been induced
to undertake, and at length to publish, a specific arrangement of
the Carnivorous Ground-Beetles indigenous to the British Isles,
a group to which I have paid much attention. No small amount
of confusion appears to have existed in their nomenclature,
which has arisen from the circumstance of an undue importance
having been assigned to varieties, differing merely in size and
colour, which have either been formed into imaginary species, or
have been mistaken for others which have never been found
in Britain, the result of which has been that the total amount
of actual species has been considerably overrated.
In order, if possible, to place their nomenclature and synonymy
on a more satisfactory footing, I applied myself to a careful
examination and comparison of the various- species contained in
all the public and private collections to which I could gain
access, especially in those of Messrs. Curtis and Stephens, those
of the British Museum, of the Linnsean Society, and the Kirbian
collections of the Entomological Society, by which means I have
been enabled to arrive at a tolerably correct estimate of their
actual value in point of numbers. Some of my more distant corre-
spondents have likewise sent me their entire collections of Carabi-
deous insects for examination, among which I may mention the late
Rev. Mr. Rudd's specimens in the Museum of the York Philoso-
phical Institution. The original examples on which Mr. Waterhouse
founded the details of his Monograph on the British Notiophili,
M368582
VI PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS.
which was published some years ago in the Entomological
Magazine, I have likewise had an opportunity of examining, and
have the satisfaction of being able to state on his authority, that
the opinion which he at that time entertained with regard to
their supposed specific differences has since become materially
modified, and does not now differ in any important particular
from those which I have advanced respecting them. I have
been enabled, moreover, through the attention of others, and
especially through the facilities kindly afforded by M. Javet
in his periodical visits to this country, to compare with conti-
nental types several of our more obscure and doubtful forms, all
which has tended materially to facilitate my object. To my
obliging correspondent, M. Jacquelin-Duval, I am particularly
indebted for the careful consideration which he bestowed on
my collection of indigenous Bembidia, types of which he had
in his possession during the period in which he was engaged in
preparing his Monograph ' De Bembidiis Europseis ' ; and which
were returned to me accompanied by much useful information.
Some important notes on a portion of the Carabida contained
in Mr. Stephen s's cabinet were made by Dr. Schaum, during his
first visit to England in 1846, which were communicated to me
at that time and subsequently published in the Stettin Transac-
tions, of which a translation appeared more recently in the
' Annals and Magazine of Natural History ' : to the general
accuracy of those notes I am enabled to bear testimony ; and to
the kindness with which Mr. Stephens afforded me every facility
at all times for making myself thoroughly acquainted with the
contents of his cabinet, I have been indebted for the means of
identifying the species and correcting their arrangement*.
I have been unwilling to reject any reputed indigenous species
which I felt that I could reasonably retain, and yet, after full
consideration, have been compelled to reduce their aggregate
amount very considerably, either because many of them are
evidently varieties of others, or because no sufficiently conclusive
evidence exists to warrant their retention in the British Fauna.
In the subfamily Bembidides, particularly, I have been compelled
to reject about two-fifths as mere varieties or immature examples,
* Since Mr. Stephens's death his collections have become the property
of the nation, and are now in the British Museum.
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS. Vll
which may satisfactorily be resolved into some one or other of
the remainder. Equally unwilling have I been to record any as
novel, until I had failed to procure its recognition. Of the
several species described in this work as new, all have been sub-
mitted to the opinion of continental entomologists, with one or
two exceptions, and returned as unknown; and whether the
latter may ultimately prove to have been undescribed or not, I
have thought it better to introduce them as species which are
undoubtedly indigenous, than to pass them over without
notice.
As an additional aid in determining the differences between
certain closely allied species, some outlines are added represent-
ing those external parts of the insects in which the most material
distinctions of character are to be found, which, as well as the
dissections, and the entire figures of newly introduced species,
have been carefully delineated by Mr. Westwood from typical
examples.
I have confined my citations to a few only of the principal
authorities, in preference to extending them, as I conceived un-
necessarily, beyond the limits of what was requisite to identify the
species. The references given to Mr. Stephens' s works of those
reputed British Carabida, of which no indigenous examples exist in
any collection (and of which the supposed representatives contained
in his cabinet must unquestionably be referred to other species),
are to be considered as applicable to those supposed representa-
tives, and not to the actual species of the authors, whose names
he has assigned to them, except where it is otherwise stated :
but this remark does not apply to those veritable species of
continental authors, which are correctly designated by Mr. Ste-
phens as British, because in some instances the descriptions
given by our English author apply to the actual species whose
names he has affixed to those descriptions, rather than to their
supposed representatives contained in his collection. The
reputed British species, above alluded to, will be found noticed
under the respective heads to which they really belong, and need
not here be enumerated : but besides these, there are a few others
(not to mention such exotic insects whose claim to admission
into the British Fauna has long been abandoned) which are not
noticed in the body of this work, and of which no sufficiently
Vlll PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS.
authenticated examples exist in any collection, which may as
well be here disposed of.
Lebia ephippium, Steph. Manual, App. p. 433. Doubtless
imported.
Carabus agrestis, Creutz., et Lippii, Dahl. Said to have been
found in Lincolnshire.
Nebria picicornis, Fab. Stated to have been captured by the
Rev. F. W. Hope in Longmont Forest. Its natural habitat is on
the muddy banks of rivers and lakes, and the locality in which it
is reputed to have been found is so widely different from those
which it naturally affects, that I am inclined to suspect it has been
introduced into the British Fauna by mistake.
Helobia impressa, Newm. I have not seen this insect ; it pro-
bably belongs to Nebria nivalis.
Licinus cassideus, Fab. Not indigenous ; a specimen is reputed
to have been found at Aldborough.
Epomis circumscriptus, Dufts. Not British ; it is represented
in the Stephensian cabinet by two Chlcenii from the Cape, as stated
by Dr. Schaum in the ' Stettin Transactions.'
Sogines punctulatus, 111.
Cophosus elongatus, Sam.
Pterostichus fasciopunctatus, Fab.
Panzeri, Meg.
Cheporus metallicus, Fab.
Agonum Bogemanni, Gyll.
Amara municipalis, Dufts.
Zabrus obesus, Latr.
Pangus Scaritides, Sturm.
Peryphus Fellmanni, Gyll.
Lopha nana, Steph.
No example exists in any British Collection to represent the
above species.
Although the present work has been undertaken merely with
the view of furnishing a descriptive arrangement of the species of
Geodephagous insects indigenous to the British Isles, yet it will
be proper to offer some remarks on the Generic arrangement
which I have employed, inasmuch as it differs from that which
is ordinarily received by English entomologists.
It is evident that the principle upon which the Brachinida,
Scaritida, Harpalidte, and Bembididte have been erected into
distinct families, and placed upon a footing of equal importance
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS. IX
with the Cicindelida and Carabida, cannot be maintained, but
that the most consistent and natural division will be found in
Latreille's two grand families Cicindeletes and Carabici, which
arrangement I have accordingly resumed under the terms Cicin-
delidce and Carabida, the distinctive characters of which will be
found stated ; and I have furthermore divided the latter into five
groups or subfamilies, according to the plan set forth by
Mr. Westwood in his ' Introduction to the Modern Classification
of Insects/ with this difference however, that I have transposed
the third and fourth groups, considering it more desirable that
the Harpalides should immediately precede the Bembidides ; and
the natural transition from Trechus to Bembidium be maintained
through the intimate affinities which subsist between those
remarkable insects Aepys* marinus, Blemus areolatus, Lymnceum
nigropiceum, and Cillenus lateralis ; and I have placed Pelophila
and the Elaphridea in their natural juxtaposition with Nebria,
though by so doing, the foreign genus Homophron is further
removed from the Hydrocantharides, to which at first view, and
judging merely from its external structure, it would seem to be
more nearly allied than it really is : in this arrangement I have
consequently followed, under certain modifications, Dejean,
Erichson, Heer, Redtenbacher, and in fact most of the continental
entomologists.
The first group (Brachinides) comprises all the genera which
were comprehended in the family Brachinidte of MacLeay and
Stephens; and corresponds with Dejean' s subfamily Truncati-
pennes, or Ground-Beetles with the apex of their elytra truncate
and not quite covering the abdomen ; these also have the anterior
tibiae notched within before the apex and the anterior tarsi in
the <J rarely dilated.
The second group (Scaritides) corresponds with the Scaritides
of Dejean and the family Scaritides of MacLeay and Stephens,
and comprises insects of a very remarkable form, being usually
elongate and cylindrical, with their abdomen remote from the
thorax with which it is connected by a narrow collar or neck ;
these have their elytra entire ; their anterior tibise deeply notched
within and generally expanded or palmated externally; the
anterior tarsi being simple in both sexes.
* Properly Aepys, aifrvs altus pro profundus.
X PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS.
The third group (Car abides) corresponds with the Simplicipedes
of Dejean, and comprises the Carabida of MacLeay and Stephens
and iheElaphrida of Stephens (Carabini andElaphrini, Erichson).
These have the elytra also entire ; the anterior tibiae entire and
not notched; the anterior tarsi being more or less dilated in
the 8.
The fourth group (Harpalides) comprehends the Patellimanes,
Feroniens and Harpaliens of Dejean, and corresponds with the
HarpalidcR of MacLeay and Stephens; they have the elytra
entire or very slightly emarginate before the apex ; the anterior
tibiae notched within ; and the anterior tarsi of the <? with from
two to four joints at the base more or less considerably dilated,
in some genera the intermediate tarsi being likewise dilated.
The fifth group (Bembidides) comprises the insects assigned by
Dejean to his group Subulipalpes, with the exception of the genus
Trechus (Blemus, Steph.), and corresponds with the Bembidiida
of Stephens. The insects which compose this group have their
elytra entire ; the anterior tibiae notched within ; and the anterior
tarsi of the c? with usually two joints dilated.
The generic characters employed in this work are chiefly
borrowed and adopted from Erichson and Heer, or based upon
Mr. Curtis's admirable dissections. The modern subdivisions of
genera having proved unsatisfactory, being sometimes founded
on almost imaginary differences, at any rate far from constant,
are altogether rejected, and I have merely inserted the names of
the subgenera in brackets for the convenience of those English
entomologists who have been most accustomed to Stephens's
arrangement, without meaning to attach to them any importance
otherwise.
The Woodlands,
April 6, 1854.
REFERENCES TO AUTHORS.
Ahrens, Archiv. Ahrens : Thon's Entomologisches Archiv. 1830.
Faun. Eur. Fauna Insectorum Europse. Ahrens et Germar.
1812, &c.
Babington, Ent. Trans. C. C. Babington in the Entomological
Transactions, vol. i.
Bonelli, Obs. Ent. Bonelli, Observations Entomologiques. 1809.
Brull. Nat. Hist. Histoire-naturelle des Insectes, par MM. Audouin
et Brulle. (Coleopteres.) 1834, &c.
Chaudoir, Carab. Carabiques de Crimee. Supplement to Enume-
ration des Carabiques et des Hydrocanthares du Caucase, par
M. deChaudoir. 1846.
Clairv. Ent. Helv. Entomologie Helvetique, ou Catalogue des In-
sectes de la Suisse. 1798-1806.
Creutz. Ent. Ver. Creutzer, Entomologische Versuche. 1/99.
Curtis, Ent. British Entomology, by J. Curtis. 1824, &c.
- Guide. Guide to an Arrangement of British Insects, by
J. Curtis. 1838.
Davis, London's Mag. N. H. Davis in London's Magazine of Na-
tural History, vol. v.
Dawson, Ann. Nat. Hist. Descriptions of new species of Coleoptera,
by J. F. Dawson, in the Annals of Natural History, vol. iii.
(2nd Series) 1849.
De Geer, Ins. Mernoires pour servir a 1'Histoire des Insectes, imr
DeGeer.
Dej. Cat. Catalogue des Coleopteres de la Collection de M. le
Comte Dejean. 1837.
XIV REFERENCES TO AUTHORS.
Schrank. En. Enumeratio Insectorum Austriae indigenarum.
Schrank. 1781.
Scop. Ent. Cam. Scopoli, Entomologia Carniolica. 1763.
Steph. Mand. Illustrations of British Entomology. Mandibulata.
By J. F. Stephens. 1827-1835.
Steph. Manual. A Manual of British Coleoptera, by J. F. Stephens.
1839.
Strom. Act. Hafn. Norske Insecters beskrivelse med anmarkninge
af H. Strom. Nye Saml. Danske Viden. Selsk. Skrift. ii. (1783.)
Sturm, D. F. Deutschlands Fauna. Kafer, von Jacob Sturm.
1805-1839.
Thunb. Nov. Spec. Dissertatio Entomologica novas Insectorum
species sistens, &c., by C. P. Thunberg. Upsal, 1784.
Fillers, Linn. Ent. Caroli Linnsei Entomologia, Faunae Suecicse
descriptionibus aucta Scopoli, Geoffrey, DeGeer, &c., curante et
augente C. de Villers. 1789.
Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. Monographia Notiophilon Anglise, by
G. R. Waterhouse, published in the Entomological Magazine,
vol. i. 1833.
Wesmael, Bull. Acad. Wesmael, dans le Bulletin de 1' Academic
Royale des Sciences de Bruxelles. 1835.
Zimm. Gist. Faun. Monograph on Amara, in Gistl's Faunus.
1st band, 1st heft. Munchen, 1832, by Zimmermann.
TABULA
FAMILIARUM GENERUM AC SPECIERUM.
V.
Page
I. CICINDELID^E.
1
3. agilis
4. quadrimaculatus
CICINDELA
1
5. quadrinotatus
1.
sylvatica
1
6. quadrisignatus
2.
hybrida
2
7. sigma
3.
maritima
3
8. fasciatus
4.
catnpestris
3
9. melanocephalus
5.
germanica
3
10. glabratus
11. truncatellus
II. CARABID^:.
4
12. foveolus
(1. Brachinides]
DRYPTA
4
4
13. obscuro-guttatus
14. quadrillum
1.
emarginata
4
LEBIA
ODACANTHA
5
1. crux minor
2. turcica
1.
melanura
5
3. haBmorrhoidalis
1.
2.
3.
DEMETRIAS
imperialis
atricapilla
unipunctata
5
6
6
7
(Lamprias)
4. cyanocephala
5. chlorocephala
DROMIUS
7
BRACHINUS
L
longiceps
7
1. crepitans
2.
linearis
8
2. Sclopeta
Page
8
9
10
10
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
19
20
20
XVI
TARUS
1. humeralis
2. axillaris
3. vaporariorum
POLYSTICHUS
1. fasciolatus
(2. Scaritides]
CLIVINA
1. fossor
2. collaris
DYSCHIRIUS
1. inermis
2. nitidus
3. politus
4. salinus
5. obscurus
6. irnpunctipennis
7. thoracicus
8. jej anus
9. seneus
10. globosus
(3. Carabides]
CYCHRUS
1. rostratus
CARABUS
1. intricatus
2. catenulatus
3. monilis
4. arvensis
5. granulatus
6. cancellatus
7. clathratus
8. auratus
9. nitens
10. violaceus
11. con vex us
12. glabratus
13. nemoralis
Page
Page
21
CALOSOMA
41
21
1. Sycophanta
42
22
2. inquisitor
42
23
LEISTUS
43
24
1. spinibarbis
43
24
2. fulvibarbis
44
3. montanus
44
24
4. ferrugineus
45
24
5. rufescens
45
24
NEBRIA
46
25
1. complanata
46
25
2. livida
47
26
(Helobia]
47
26
3. brevicollis
47
27
4. nivalis
48
28
29
(Pelophila)
49
29
5. borealis
49
30
31
ELAPHRUS
50
t-J J.
31
1. uliginosus
50
32
2. cupreus
51
*_JrfW
3. Lapponicus
51
33
4. riparius
52
33
(Blethisa)
53
33
5. multipunctatus
53
34
NOTIOPHILUS
53
34
1. aquaticus
54
35
2. palustris
54
35
3. rufipes
55
36
4. semipunctatus
55
37
5. quadripunctatus
57
37
38
(4. Harpalides)
57
38
LORICERA
57
39
39
1. pilicornis
58
40
PANAG^US
58
40
1. crux major
58
41
2. quadripustulatus
59
xvn
Page
Page
BADISTER
59
7.
micropterus
78
1.
bipustulatus
60
8.
nubigena
79
2.
unipustulatus
60
SYNUCHUS
80
(Trimorphus)
61
1.
vivalis
80
3.
4.
peltatus
humeralis
61
61
ANCHOMENUS
81
LICINUS
62
(Platynus)
81
1.
depressus
62
1.
junceus
81
2.
Silphoides
63
(Anchomenus)
OODES
63
2.
livens
82
1.
Helopioides
64
3.
4.
dorsalis
pallipes
83
83
CHKENIUS
64
5.
oblongus
84
1.
2.
sulcicollis
holosericeus
64
65
(Agonum)
84
3.
4.
5.
nigricornis
agrorum
vestitus
66
67
67
6.
7.
8.
9.
marginatus
sexpunctatus
modestus
fulgens
84
85
86
87
CALLISTUS
68
10.
Isevis
87
i.
luuatus
68
11.
viduus
88
12.
moestus
89
POGONUS
69
13.
atratus
89
1.
luridipennis
69
14.
fuliginosus
90
2.
chalceus
70
15.
eracilis
91
3.
littoralis
70
16.
o t
scitulus
91
PATROBUS
71
17.
micans
92
1.
2.
excavatus
septentrionis
72
72
18.
19.
20.
piceus
pelidnus
Thoreyi
92
93
94
PRISTONYCHUS
73
21.
quadripunctatus
95
1.
terricola
73
OLISTHOPUS
95
SPHODRTJS
73
1.
rotundatus
95
1.
leucophthalmus
74
PTEROSTICHUS
96
CALATHUS
74
(Poedlus)
97
1.
2.
piceus
Cisteloides
74
75
1.
2.
cupreus
dimidiatus
97
97
3.
flavipes
75
3.
lepidus
98
4.
fuscus
76
IT
5.
mollis
77
(Abax)
99
6.
melanocephalus
77
4.
striola
b
99
XV111
V
Page
Page
(Pterostichus)
100
3. acuminata
118
5. niger
100
4. trivialis
119
6. parumpunctatus
(Platysmd)
100
101
5. spreta
6. vulgaris
7. communis
119
120
121
7. oblongo-punctatus
101
8. curta
121
(Adelosid)
102
9. familiaris
10. lucida
122
122
8. picimanus
102
11. tibialis
123
(Steropus)
9. madidus
103
103
12. strenua
13. plebeia
124
124
10. ^Ethiops
103
(Celia)
125
(Omaseus)
104
14. ingenua
125
11. aterrimus
104
15. oricalcica
125
12. Orinomus
105
(Acrodori)
126
13. melanarius
14. nigrita
106
106
16. brunnea
126
15. anthracinus
107
(Percosia)
127
16. gracilis
17. minor
107
108
17. patricia
127
(Argutor)
18. verualis
19. insequalis
20. erythropus
109
109
110
110
(Bradytus)
18. consularis
19. apricaria
20. fulva
127
127
128
129
21. strenuus
111
(Curtonotus)
129
(Platyderus)
112
21. spinipes
22. convexiuscula
129
130
22. ruficollis
112
ANISODACTYLUS
131
STOMIS
113
1. binotatus
131
1. pumicatus
113
2. pceciloides
131
BROSCUS
113
DIACHROMUS
132
1. cephalotes
114
1. germanus
132
MISCODERA
115
HARPALUS
333
1. arctica
115
( Ophonus]
133
ZABRUS
115
1. sabulicola
133
1B
T T f*
2. obscurus
134
. piger
116
3. azureus
134
AMARA
116
4. punctatulus
135
1. obsoleta
117
5. cordatus
136
2. similata
118
6. rupicola
136
XIX
Page
7. puncticollis
137
2. cognatus
8. cribellum
138
3. fulvus
9. pubescens
138
4. collaris
10. obsoletus
139
5. similis
(Harpalus)
139
TRECHUS
11. ruficornis
139
1. discus
12. seneus
140
„ 2. micros
13. honestus
141
3. longicornis
14. sulphuripes
141
4. rubens
15. cuniculinus
142
5. lapidosus
16. luteicornis
143
6. incilis
17. attenuatus
143
7. minutus
18. atricornis
144
19. Wollastoni
144
(Epaphius)
20. discoideus
145
8. secalis
21. fulvipes
146
AEPYS
22. rubripes
147
1. marinus
23. cupreus
24. depressus
148
148
2. Robinii
25. tardus
26. melancholicus
27. serripes
149
150
150
(5. Bembidides)
BLEMUS
28. anxius
151
1. areolatus
29. neglectus
30. vernalis
152
152
LYMNJEUM
1. nigi-opiceum
MASOREUS
153
1. Wetterhallii
153
BEMBIDIUM
STENOLOPHUS
154
(Cillenus)
1. Teutonus
154
1. laterale
2. Skrimshiranus
3. vespertinus
4. elegans
5. consputus
6. dorsalis
155
155
156
157
158
(Tacky s)
2. scutellare
3. bistriatum
4. obtusum
7. meridianus
159
(Ocys)
8. derelictus
9. flavicollis
10. luridus
159
160
160
\ •/ /
5. quinquestriatum
6. rufescens
11. exiguus
161
(Phiiocthus)
BRADYCELLUS
162
7. biguttatum
. seneum
1. placidus
162
9. guttula
Page
163
163
164
165
165
165
166
167
167
168
168
169
170
170
170
171
171
172
172
173
173
174
174
175
175
175
175
176
177
177
177
178
179
179
180
181
XX
(Peryphus)
10. feinoratuin
11. Bruxellense
12. concinnum
13. littorale
14. fluviatile
15. lunatum
16. saxatile
17. testaceum
18. decorum
19. Stoxnoides
20. monticuluin
21. nitidulum
22. affine
23. tibiale
24. prasinum
(Notaphus)
25. flammulatum
26. ustulatum
27. obliquum
28. rupestre
29. fumigatum
30. ephippium
31. assimile
32. Clarkii
Page
Page
181
(Leja)
200
181
33.
lampros
200
182
34.
Schuppelii
201
183
35.
gilvipes
201
184
36.
pusillum
202
184
185
( Lopha)
203
185
37.
doris
203
186
38.
normannum
204
187
39.
articulatum
205
188
40.
quadriguttatum
205
189
41.
callosum
206
190
42.
quadrirnaculat am
207
190
191
(Bembidium)
207
192
43.
bipunctatum
207
44.
velox
208
193
45.
pallidipenue
209
193
46.
paludosum
210
194
195
( Tachypus)
211
196
47.
flavipes
211
197
48.
pallipes
211
197
198
199
GEODEPHAGA BRITANNICA.
COLEOPTERA.
GEODEPHAGA, MacLeay.
Mandibulse corneas ; palpi sex, quatuor maxillares, duo labiales,
palpi maxillares externi 4-articulati, interni 2-articulati ; an-
tennae filiformes raro submoniliforaies ; pedes cursorii ; tarsi
omnes 5-articulati.
Fam. 1. CICINDELID^E.
Mandibulse acute dentatse; maxillae ungue corneo, articulate
terminates; palpi labiales articulis quatuor, basilari e stipite
libero efformato; ligula cornea, inflexa, paraglossis nullis;
mentum breve. Pedes longi, tibiis nunquam emarginatis.
Cicindeletes, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. 1. 173.
Genus 1. CICINDELA, L.
Mentum dente media prominulo, acuto. Tarsi antici maris arti-
culis tribus dilatatisy linearibus, subtus dense spongiosis.
1. C. sylvatica: nigro-sub&nea, elytris lunuld humerali fascia
obliqud sinuatd abbreviatd punctoque marginali ante apicem
albis.
Linn. F. S. 748.— Fab. S. El. 1. 235.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 4.—
Sturm, D. F. 7. 114.— Dej. Spec. 1. 71 ; Icon. 1. 29. pi. 3.—
Steph. Mand. 1 . 7, et Manual, p. 5. — Erichson, Kafer, 2. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 3.
Bronze with a purplish tinge. Head finely striated and gra-
nulated ; upper lip black, and more acuminated than in others
of the genus, with an elevated longitudinal line in the centre
6 CICINDELIDjE. — CICINDELA.
terminated by a sharp tooth; antennae fuscous with the four joints
at the base coppery. Thorax rather wider than the head, scarcely
narrowed behind; scutellum small, fuscous black. Elytra ob-
long, about double the width of the thorax, deeply and irregu-
larly foveated near the suture and rugose-punctate throughout,
having a small white spot on the shoulders, an oblique fascia
rather behind the middle, and a roundish spot just before the
apex, none of them, except the humeral one, touching the mar-
gin : underside of the legs and body clothed with white pile and
their surface greenish blue, sides of the thorax and breast cop-
pery. Length 7 — 8 lines.
Abundant on sandy heaths; Cobham; Ripley; Weybridge;
Christchurch ; Manton Common near Brigg.
2. C. hybrida: fusco-subanea, elytris lunuld humerali apicalique
fascidque media sinuatd albreviatd albis.
Linn. F. S. 747.— Fab. S. El. 1. 234.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 3.—
Dej. Spec. 1. 64 ; Icon. 1. 19. pi. 2.— Steph. Manual, p. 5.—
Erichson, Kafer, 2.
C. aprica, Steph. Mand. 1. 8.
C. riparia, Steph. Mand. 1. 9. pi. 1.
C. sylvicola, Curtis, Ent. pi. 1 . — Steph. Mand. 1 . 10, et Manual,
p. 5.
Brownish (or greenish) bronze with purplish tints, head and
thorax coppery, with the elytra green in less frequent individuals,
but more generally fuscous. Head with an oblong green fovea
on each side in front, very finely punctured and striated ; upper
lip yellowish white, with a minute tooth in the middle ; antenna
fuscous, with the four joints at the base green or coppery.
Thorax quadrate, scarcely narrowed behind, sides with long white
pile, the transverse impressions on the anterior and posterior
margins brilliant coppery red, bordered by a fine green line ;
scutellum large and much pointed. Elytra more coarsely gra-
nulated all over than in campestris, each with three white spots
disposed thus, one lunular spot on the shoulder sometimes inter-
rupted, one central band sinuated behind and denticulated in
front not touching the outer margin and terminating in a roundish
spot before reaching the suture, and a third on the margin before
the apex and reaching to the tip of the suture; body beneath
purplish green, with the breast and sides of the thorax coppery
red ; legs purplish copper, very pubescent, with the joints and
tarsi purplish green. Length 6 — 7 lines.
The insect described by Mr. Curtis as sylvicola is a green ex-
ample of hybrida. The original representative of sylvicola, Meg.,
is by most entomologists considered a distinct species and is a
CICINDELID.E. CICINDELA.
larger insect, but is not found in Britain. Abundant on the
sandy coasts of Lancashire and North Wales.
3. C. maritima : fusco-subtenea, elytris lunuld humerali apicalique
fascidque media retrorsum valde flexuosd abbreviatd albis.
Dej. Spec. 1. 67; Icon. 1. 22. pi. 3.— Steph. Manual, p. 5.
C. hybrida, Steph. Mand. 1.8.
In structure this species is similar to hybrida, but is usually
smaller and more slender ; in colour more variable, being more or
less coppery, purplish, olivaceous, or lighter green. The spots on
the elytra chiefly distinguish it, the humeral one being larger, and
the central band considerably deflexed. Length 6 lines.
It is a maritime species, and found in profusion on the sandy
coasts of Devonshire, Dorset and South Wales, and between
Christchurch and Bournemouth, Hants ; and in countless mul-
titudes on the shore near Burnham Market, Norfolk, in July and
August.
4. C. campestris : viridis, elytris punctis quinque marginalibus
sextoque discoidali albis.
Linn. F. S. 746.— Fab. S. El. 1. 233.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 2.—
Sturm, D. F. 7. 103.— Dej. Spec. 1. 59; Icon. 1. 16. pi. 2.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 11, et Manual, p. 5. — Erichson, Kafer, 2. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 1.
Light green or bluish green. Head large, pilose, punctured
and wrinkled ; forehead deeply excavated, sides of the head
striated with golden purple ; upper lip with a minute tooth in
the middle, and together with the base of the mandibles yellow-
ish white; antennae with four joints at the base purplish or
reddish copper, the rest fuscous. Thorax short, narrowed behind,
anterior and posterior margins rich golden red ; scutellum small
and red. Elytra ovate, much wider than the thorax, finely
shagreened throughout, the suture and apex brassy, each with
six round white spots ; abdomen brilliant green, with the sides of
the thorax and breast fiery copper ; legs densely pilose, coppery,
with the tarsi brassy green. Length 6 lines.
Very common both inland and on the coast.
5. C. germanica : viridis, cyanea vel nigricans, elytris puncto
humerali macula marginali lunuldque apicali albis.
Linn. S. N. 1. 657.— Fab. S. El. 1. 237.— Dej. Spec. 1. 138 ;
Icon. 1. 49. pi. 6.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 106.— Steph. Mand. 1. 11,
et Manual, p. 5. — Erichson, Kafer, 3. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 4.
Bright green, bluish green, olivaceous or obscure black. Head
B 2
4 CARABID^E. — DRYPTA.
as large as the thorax, finely granulated and striated ; upper lip
with a small tooth, and together with the mandibles externally
white ; antennae with four basal joints coppery. Thorax long,
narrow and cylindric, finely granulated ; scutellurn rather small.
Elytra oblong, rather narrowed in front, widest behind the
middle, with a small white spot on the humeral angle, an oblong
one near the margin about the middle, and a minute one at the
apex ; underside brilliant purplish green, sides of the thorax
and breast coppery ; legs greenish, with the tibiae testaceous.
Length 5 lines.
Local ; but found in profusion near Charmouth and Swanwich,
Dorset ; Black Gang Chine, Isle of Wight, &c. Unlike its con-
geners, it does not make use of its wings to effect its escape, but
runs with amazing rapidity.
Fam. 2. CARABIB^.
Mandibulse firmse, non aut leviter dentatse ; maxillae apice arcuatse,
ungue fixo terminatse; palpi labiales articulis tribus, stipite
raro libero; ligula porrecta, cornea, paraglossis aucta. Ca-
rabici, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. 1. 177.
Subfam. 1. BRACHINIDES, Westwood.
Genus 1. DRYPTA, Fabricius.
Mentum maximum corneum. Ligula elongata, setis tribus longis
ornala ; paraglossis brevibus, acutis, apice liberis. Palpi ar-
ticulis ultimis incrassatis, subsecuriformibus. Mandibulse
porrectffi, elongates, uncinatte. Labrum breve, transversum,
apice bisinuatum. Tarsi antici maris articulo primo leviter
dilatato, ultimo bifido.
1. D. emarginata : viridi-cterulea, ore antennis pedibusque rufis.
Fab. S. El. 1. 230.— Dej. Spec. 1. 183 ; Icon. 1. 66. pi. 7.—
Steph. Hand. 1. 13, et Manual, p. 6.— Curtis, Ent. pi. 454. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 6.
This elegant species is bright green or blue-green above and
beneath. Head thickly punctured ; eyes black and prominent ;
mandibles, palpi and antennae red, the apex of the first joint of
the latter, and a ring round the second and third black. Thorax
elongate, rather narrowed behind, somewhat cylindric, with a
central longitudinal line, and thickly punctured. Elytra wide,
the shoulders rounded, dilated behind the middle, slightly notched
at the apex, distinctly punctate-striated, interstices punctured,
villose ; legs red, tarsi sometimes pitchy. Length 4 lines.
CARABIDJE. ODACANTHA. O
It is very rare in England. In 1815 several examples were
captured near Hastings and Favershain ; since which time it does
not seem to have occurred till 1845, when I captured three
specimens at Luccombe in the Isle of Wight, from the crevices
of a clay bank, and for several succeeding seasons met with it
sparingly during the months of March and April in the same
locality. It has been found also at Lyme Regis, Dorset, by
Mr. F. Walker.
Genus 2. ODACANTHA, Paykull.
Mentum dente media integro. Ligula apice rotundata ; paraglossis
membranaceis, apice prominulo, ligulam hand superantibus.
Palpi articulo ultimo acuminato. Tarsi articulo quarto in-
tegro ; unguiculis simplicibus.
1. O. melanura: viridi-cyanea, antennis basi pectore pedibus
elytrisque testaceis, his apice geniculisque nigro-cyaneis.
Attelabus melanurus, Linn. S. N. 2. 620.
.Odacantha melanura, Payk. Faun. 1. 169.— Fab. S. El. 1.
228.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 177.— Dej. Spec. 1. 176; Icon. 1.
63. pi. 7.— Steph. Mand. 1. 14, et Manual, p. 6.— Curtis, Ent.
pi. 227. — Erichson, Kafer, 27.
Head black and shining, very large and dilated on each side
about the middle where the eyes are placed, having behind the
latter an oblong fovea; the first, second and third joints of the
antennae red, the rest dusky. Thorax bluish green, long,
cylindric, deeply punctured. Elytra elongate, rounded at the
shoulders, sides parallel, apex truncated obliquely, reddish testa-
ceous with the apex shining blue-black; body beneath bluish
green, with the breast red; legs red, the joints and tarsi black.
Length 3 lines.
This insect is extremely abundant in the fens of Cambridge-
shire and at Whittlesea Mere among the sedge and refuse in
May, June, September and October. It is found also, as Mr.
Stephens informs us, at Horning and Fakenham, and on the
banks of the river Yare in Norfolk, and at Crwmllyn Bog near
Swansea.
Genus 3. DEMETRIAS, Bonelli.
Mentum dente medio integro. Ligula apice rotundata ; paraglossis
membranaceis , ei tequalibus, apice singulafim rotundatis. Palpi
articulo ultimo acuminato. Tarsi articulo quarto bilobo ; un-
guiculis pectinatis.
6 CARABID^E. DEMETRIAS.
1. D. imp eri alls : pallida, capite pectoreque nigro-piceis, thorace
rufo ferrugineo, postice angustato, elytris obsolete striatis,
suturd fused in medio dilatatd cum macula marginali
posteriore ramo arcuato obliquo connexd.
Dromius imperialis, Germ. Spec. Nov. 1.1.
Demetrias imperialis, Sturm, D. F. 7. 63. — Dej. Spec. 1. 229 ;
Icon. 1. 101. pi. 14.— Steph. Mand. 1. 176, et Manual, p. 6.
Lebia atricapilla, var. c, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 188.
Aetophorus imperialis, Redt. Faun. Aust. 75.
Elongate, depressed, pale testaceous. Head black, large,
narrowed before and behind. Thorax rusty red, elongate heart-
shaped, much contracted behind. Elytra shorter and wider
than in the two following species, shoulders rounded, sides slightly
sinuated before the middle, then dilated till just before the tip,
much depressed, striated, the striae indistinctly punctured, and
with four deeper impressions, pale testaceous and transparent so
as to show the wings beneath, the suture fuscous till just before
the middle, when the dark colour dilates and forms a lozenge-
shaped spot, and on each side near the extremity of the outer
margin is another spot of the same colour, sometimes connected
with the former by an oblique line ; legs red. Length 2^ lines.
To receive this insect a new genus (Aetophorus) has been
created by Dr. Schmidt (Stettin Ent. Zeit. 1848, p. 388).
This species appears to have become very scarce in England,
though formerly it was far from uncommon in the fens of Cam-
bridgeshire and Huntingdonshire.
2. D. atricapilla : pallida, capite nigro, thorace rufo, elytris
obsolete striatis, immaculatis.
Carabus atricapillus, Linn. S. N. 2. 673.
Lebia atricapilla, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 188.
Demetrias atricapillus, Dej. Spec. 1. 231. — Steph. Mand. 1.
15, et Manual, p. 6. — Erichson, Kafer, 28. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 8.
D. elonaatulus, Dej. Spec. 1. 232; Icon. 1. 104. pi. 14.
D. obscurus, (Newman) Steph. Mand. 5. 366.
Linear-elongate, pale testaceous. Head black, crown smooth
and shining, with the sides punctured; mandibles, palpi and
antennae red. Thorax red, heart-shaped, posterior angles rather
acutely prominent, base with two fovese. Elytra oblong, shoulders
rounded, sides nearly straight or very little wider behind, the
apex truncate, obsoletely striated, some of the interstices at the
base and next the suture with distinct punctures; legs pale
testaceous. Length 2 lines.
Generally distributed.
CARABID^E. DROMIUS. 7
3. D. unipimctata : pattida, capite nigro, thorace rufo, elytris
obsolete punctato-striatis, testaceis, suturd maculdque ante
apicem plus minus dilatatd infuscatis.
Dromius unipunctatus, Germ. Spec. Nov. 1 . 2.
Demetrias unipunctatus, Sturm, D. F. 7. 61. — Dej. Spec. 1.
230; Icon. 1. 102. pi. 14.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 8.
D. monostigma, Curtis, Ent. pi. 119. — Steph. Mand. 1. 15, et
Manual, p. 6.
Lebia atricapilla, var. c, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 188.
Linear-elongate, narrower than atricapilla, ferruginous red.
Head black, smooth and shining, less wide than in the preceding
species and less produced in front. Thorax after the same
manner. Elytra narrower, finely striated, the striae obsoletely
punctured, and with four deeper impressions as in imperialis ;
suture and a round spot behind rusty brown ; legs pale testaceous.
Length 2 lines.
This species is extremely abundant in the fens of Cambridge-
shire and Huntingdonshire both in spring and autumn, among
sedge and at the roots of herbage. I have found it also at
the roots of the tall wiry grass which grows on the sand-hills
at Sandwich, Kent. Mr. Stephens informs us that it is found
at Swansea and at South Creek, Norfolk.
Genus 4. DROMIUS, Bonelli.
Mentum dente media nullo. Ligula una cum paraglossis sub-
coriaceis, rotundata. Palpi articulo ultimo acuminato. Tarsi
articulo quarto integro ; unguiculis simplicibus.
1. D. longiceps : elongatus ; capite elongato-ovato, nigro-piceo>
thorace rufo-testaceo, elytris obsolete striatis, pallidis,
sutura infuscata ; antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Dej. Spec. 2. 450; Icon. 1. 106. pi. 11. — Babington, Ent.
Trans. 1.88.— Steph. Mand. 5. 367, et Manual, p. 7. — Erichson,
Kafer, 29.
Linear-elongate. Head pitchy black and elongate, narrowed
before and behind, and obsoletely punctured throughout, having
an oblong fovea between the eyes ; the latter large, but not pro-
minent ; mouth, palpi and antennse testaceous. Thorax widest
in front, longer than broad, the anterior angles rounded, sides
narrowed behind and the margins elevated, especially at the
posterior angles which are obtuse, the colour testaceous red, the
dorsal line interrupted before it reaches the base, and the disk
otherwise marked with a few faint transverse wrinkles; scutellum
large and long, with its sides waved. Elytra narrowed and
8 CARABID^E. DROMIUS.
rounded at the shoulders, widest behind the middle, sides almost
linear, much elongated, obsoletely striated, pale testaceous, with
the suture fuscous, the obscure colour gradually widening
towards the apex till it joins a large and often roundish spot of
the same colour just before the extremity ; legs pale testaceous.
Length 2| lines.
This rare species may readily be recognized by its very elon-
gate form and its oblong head. It was first captured in this
country at Madingley Wood, near Cambridge, in 1831, and has
been occasionally found since in the sedge-boats on the river
Cam. In July 1847 I secured three specimens, and in Sep-
tember 1850 a fourth among herbage in Holme Fen, not far
from Whittlesea Mere.
2. D. linearis : elongatus, rufo-testaceus ; elytris punctato-stri-
atis, apice infuscatis; antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Carabus linearis, Oliv. Ent. 3. 35. 111.
Lebia linearis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 187.
Dromius linearis, Dej. Spec. 1. 233; Icon. 1. 107. pi. 11. —
Sturm, D. F. 7. 42.— Steph. Mand. 1. 25, et Manual, p. 7.—
Erichson, Kafer, 28.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 9.
Linear-elongate, narrow, testaceous red. Head large, smooth
behind, longitudinally strigose in front, dusky, sometimes black ;
eyes black ; mouth, palpi and antenna? testaceous. Thorax
cordate, narrowed behind, moderately convex, with a fine dorsal
furrow, and a fovea near each hinder angle. Elytra elongate,
shoulders rounded, sides linear, punctate-striated, apex obscure ;
legs pale testaceous. Length 2£ lines.
Very common.
3. D. agilis : oblongus ; capite thoraceque ferrugineis ; elytris
fuscis, subtiliter striatis, seriebus duabus punctorum impres-
sorum ; antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Carabus agilis, Fab. Mant. 1. 204 (1787); S. El. 1. 185.—
Payk. Mon. 102 (1790).
Lebia agilis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 184.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 251.
Dromius agilis, Dej. Spec. 1. 240; Icon. 1. 118. pi. 12.—
Sturm, D. F. 7. 36.— Steph. Mand. 1. 21, et Manual, p. 6. —
Erichson, Kafer, 30.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 11.
D. meridionalis, Dej. Spec. 1. 242. — Steph. Mand. 1. 16, et
Manual, p. 6.
Var. /3. elytris maculd pallidd ornatis.
Carabus fenestratus, Fab. S. El. 1. 209.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 168.—
Steph. Mand. 5. 367, et Manual, p. 7.
C. ayilis, var. n, Heer, Faun. Helv. 11.
CARABID^E. DROMIUS. 9
Oblong, rather depressed. Head pitchy brown, wide, with a
deep fovea on each side between the antennae ; eyes large, globose
and black, palpi and antennae pale testaceous. Thorax ferrugi-
nous, subquadrate, rounded in front below the anterior angles,
narrowed behind, margins reflexed, base truncate, hinder angles
somewhat rotundate, base with a more or less distinct fovea on
each side. Elytra fuscous or pitchy, sometimes with a pale
oblong patch on each rather before the middle, sometimes
wholly testaceous in less mature examples, much wider than the
thorax, shoulders rounded, sides rather widest behind the middle,
apex as usual truncate, disk rather depressed, obsoletely striated,
with a series of impressions between the second and third, and
another between the seventh and eighth striae ; body beneath
testaceous red, legs pale. Length 2f lines.
This species is rather variable in colour, and occasionally in
some slight degree in form, the thorax being more quadrate in
some examples, and the sides less rounded in front, than in
others, which variations have led to the supposition that they
are distinct species. I have examined carefully the insects
recorded by Mr. Stephens under the names meridionalis and
fenestratus, and they appear to be simply varieties of this species,
whose claim to distinction rests upon an eccentricity of colour,
but upon no constant or very material difference in form or
sculpture. Dr. Schaum considers D. fenestratus of Stephens' s
Collection a variety of testaceus, Erichson, with a yellow dash on
the anterior part of the elytra; it is described by Dejean as
agilis, var. a, and I believe correctly, for the several examples
received from abroad of testaceus , Erichson, do not, upon a close
examination, present differences of sufficient importance to
warrant their separation. Whether, as Dr. Schaum supposes
(Stettin Ent. Zeit.), D. fenestratus, Stephens, differs from
C. fenestratus. Fab., or whether it be perfectly identical with it,
the latter itself is now generally accepted as a variety also of
D. agilis.
This species is generally distributed, and is in many parts of
the kingdom abundant, under the bark of trees and among the
damp herbage of hedge-banks.
4. D. quadrimaculatus : oblongus ; capite nigro, thorace rufo,
subquadrato, angulis rotundatis ; elytris substriatis, fuscis,
maculis duabus antennis pedibusque pattidis.
Carabus quadrimaculatus, Linn. F. S. 813.— Fab. S. El. 1. 207.
Lebia quadrimaculata, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 186. — Dufts. Faun.
2. 250.
10 CARABID^E. DKOMIUS.
Dromius quadrimaculatus, Dej. Spec. 1. 239; Icon. 1. 115.
pi. 12.— -Sturm, D. F. 7. 33.— Steph. Mand. 1.21, et Manual,
p. 7.— Erichson, Kafer, 30.— Heer, Faun. Hehr. 10.
In form like the preceding, but smaller. Head black, round-
ish, strigose, having a fovea on each side between the antennae,
the latter with the palpi and mouth pale testaceous. Thorax
ferruginous red, rather shorter than in agilis, much wrinkled
transversely on each side the dorsal furrow, base with a fovea
near each hinder angle, the latter a little rounded, and the
margins elevated. Elytra fuscous black, with an oblong testa-
ceous spot before the middle, and a shorter one of the same
colour at the apex, and usually entirely covering it, the disk very
distinctly striated, the striae obsoletely punctured, the sixth with
a series of deeper impressions ; thorax and breast beneath ferru-
ginous ; abdomen obscure black ; legs testaceous. Length
2J lines.
Widely distributed.
5. D. quadrinotatus : oblongus ; capite nigro, thorace piceo,
subelongato, postice attenuate, angulis posticis prominulis ;
elytris fuscis, substriatis, maculis duabus antennis pedibus-
que pallidis.
Carabus quadrinotatus, Panz. Faun. 73. 5.
Lebia quadrinotata, Dufts. Faun. 2. 253.
Dromius quadrinotatus, Dej. Spec. 1. 238 ; Icon. 1. 114. pi. 12.
— Sturm, D. F. 7. 38. — Steph. Mand. 1. 21, et Manual, p. /.
— Erichson, Kafer, 31. — Heer, Faun. Aust. 10.
Oblong, slightly depressed, black. Head large, smooth, flattish
in front with a fovea on each side between the antennae, which
together with the palpi and mouth are pale testaceous. Thorax
pitchy, slightly elongated, a little rounded below the anterior
angles, then obliquely sloped and narrowed to the base, the
sides being margined, and the hinder angles elevated and rather
prominent, having near each a deep fovea. Elytra oblong,
rounded at the shoulders, slightly widest behind the middle,
very obsoletely striated, having a large ovate pale testaceous
spot at the base and a smaller one before the apex; legs pale
testaceous. Length 2 lines.
Generally distributed under bark of trees, &c.
6. D. quadrisignatus : oblongus; capite nigro, thorace quadrate,
rufo ; elytris substriatis, fuscis, maculis magnis duabus
antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Dej. Spec. 1. 236; Icon. 1. 111. pi. 11.— Babington, Ent.
CARABID.E. DROMIUS. 11
Trans. 1. 10. 2. — Steph. Mand. 5. 367, et Manual, p. 7. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 10.
Head obscurely black, smooth, slightly convex, with the fore-
part, mouth, palpi and antennae testaceous. Thorax quadrate,
anterior angles rounded, sides narrowed towards the posterior
angles which are obtuse, the surface entirely ferruginous red,
with the centre sometimes pitchy. Elytra with the humeral
angles slightly rounded, the sides somewhat straight, faintly
striated, fuscous, with two testaceous spots on each, a large
denticulated one in front and a smaller one at the apex ; abdomen
pitchy, legs pale testaceous. Length 2 lines.
This species is nearly allied to the preceding, but may be
distinguished by the following characters. The head is shorter
and more convex, the forehead not depressed, but with merely a
slight impression on each side, not deeply foveated, nor distinctly
striated, as in the allied species ; the antennae are shorter and
stouter; the thorax is broader and entirely rufous; the elytra
are wider at the base, with the shoulders less rounded, and their
pattern is more varied, the anterior spots being angular and
denticulated instead of ovate, and the abdomen is pitchy.
It appears to be a scarce species, but has been taken in
Madingley Wood, and elsewhere near Cambridge; at Colney
Hatch and Wimbledon Park; and near Weston-on-the-Green,
Oxon.
7. D. sigma: testaceus; capite nigro, thorace subquadrato, elytris
substriatis, suturd fasciaque postica dentata/wsczs.
Carabus siffma, Rossi, Faun. Etr. 1. 226 (1790).
Dromius siffma, Dej. Spec. 1. 235; Icon. 1. 110. pi. 11. —
Erichson, Kafer, 32. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 9.
Carabus fasciatus, Payk. Mon. 97 (1790).— Fab. Ent. S. 1. 133
(1792-8).— Fab. S. El. 1. 186.
Dromius bipennifer, Babington, Ent. Trans. 1. 86. 9. — Steph.
Manual, p. 7.
Oblong, depressed. Head black, round and flattish, with a
small fovea on each side between the eyes ; palpi and antennae
testaceous yellow. Thorax red, subquadrate, anterior angles
rounded, sides narrowed behind, with their margins elevated,
and a slight impression on each side at the base close to the
posterior angles, the dorsal furrow very distinct. Elytra testa-
ceous, with a brown transverse toothed fascia behind the
middle, leaving a pale spot at the apex, the disk more or less
indistinctly punctate- striated ; abdomen rufescent and margined
with fuscous; legs pale testaceous. Length 1| line.
There are several varieties of this insect which present a slight
CARABID^E. DROMIUS.
difference in the pattern of the elytra, among them one which
occurs locally in the Isle of Wight. It has a pale spot on the
shoulders, extending not more than half so far downwards as in
the insect figured by Dej can, and the transverse band is much
broader and darker, leaving merely two minute dots (sometimes
united) at the apex. The pattern in these again also varies
more or less, as well as in the Cambridgeshire insects.
This species, the D. bipennifer of the British Collections, is
abundant near Whittlesea Mere and in the Cambridgeshire fens,
and is found also near Dorking, Carlisle, and in North Wales.
8. D. fasciatus : subelongatus, testaceus ; capite nigro ; thorace
quadrato ferrugineo ; elytris substriatis basi pallidis postice
fuscis, macula antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Lebia fasciata, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 459.
Dromius fasciatus, Dej. Spec. 1. 238 ; Icon. 1. 113. pi. 12. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 24, et Manual, p. 7. — Erichson, Kafer, 31. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 10.
Rather elongate, depressed. Head black, wide, appearing finely
coriaceous under a magnifying glass, having a faint stria on each
side in front ; antennae and palpi testaceous, apex of the latter
pitchy. Thorax rusty brown, with the margins and hinder
angles pale testaceous, quadrate, anterior angles rounded, sides
slightly narrowed behind and again slightly produced before the
posterior angles, which are a little elevated but obtuse, the base
with an impressed fovea on each side. Elytra oblong, rusty
brown with a pale testaceous patch covering the shoulders and
extending nearly half way downwards, not touching the suture,
and also a small round or ovate spot of the same livid colour
near the tip ; in some examples the spots are more or less in-
distinct or nearly obliterated, in others they run into one another ;
body beneath fuscous black ; legs pale testaceous. Length
1| line.
Widely distributed, but local and found chiefly in sandy
situations, in damp ditches and hedge-banks. Abundant at
Deal, in Cambridgeshire, Devon, at JBerwick-upon-Tweed ; " on
the sea-coast at Bamborough, Beadnell and Embleton, in June/'
J. Hardy, and in Ireland.
9. D. melanocephalus : testaceus ; capite nigro, elytris sub-
striatis, antennis
Dej. Spec. 1. 234 ; Icon. 1. 109. pi. 11.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 44.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 22, et Manual, p. 7.— Erichson, Kafer, 32.—
Heer, Faun. Hclv. 9.
In form like the preceding, but shorter and very much smaller.
CARABID^l. — DROMIUS. 13
Head black and shining ; palpi and antennae pale testaceous.
Thorax testaceous red, subquadrate, the length rather less than
the breadth, a little narrowed at the base, the posterior angles
slightly elevated and nearly rectangular. Elytra livid testaceous,
and usually transparent so as to show the wings distinctly be-
neath, a little widest behind, obsoletely striated, especially at the
sides; underside of the body dusky ferruginous; legs pale.
Length 1| line.
Generally distributed.
10. D. glabratus : oblongus, nigro-subceneus ; thorace subqua-
drato, postice angustato, glabrato ; elytris sublsevibus.
Lebia glabrata, Dufts. Faun. 2. 248.
Dromius glabratus, Dej. Spec. 1. 244 ; Icon. 1. 121. pi. 13.-^-
Steph. Mand. 1 . 25, et Manual, p. 8. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 11.
Carabus femoralis, Marsham, Ent. 463.
Dromius femoralis, Steph. Mand. 1. 25, et Manual, p. 8.
D. angustatus, (Curtis) Steph. Manual, p. 8.
D. maurus, Steph. Mand. 1. 1/6, et Manual, p. 8.
Deep glossy or bronzed black. Head round, smooth and
convex. Thorax subquadrate, narrowed behind, the sides and
base considerably rounded, with the posterior angles nearly ob-
solete, the central line very fine and the disk glabrous. Elytra
oblong, depressed, with the humeral angles rather prominent, the
disk glabrous, with a few rudiments only of striae; legs occasionally
pitchy. Length 1^ line.
C. femoralis, Marsham, is an immature representative of this
species, from which D. angustatus and maurus cannot be separated.
Very common.
11. D. tmncatellus : nigro-sub&neus ; thorace brevi subcordato,
postice rotundato; elytris substriatis; antennis basi tibiisgue
piceis.
Carabus truncatellus, Linn. S. N. 2. 673. — Fab. S. El. 1. 210.
Lebia truncatella, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 182. — Dufts. Faun. 2. 247.
Dromius truncatellus, Dej. Spec. 1.248 ; Icon. 1. 127.pl. 13. —
Sturm, D. F. 7. 51.— Steph. Mand. 1. 26, et Manual, p. 8.—
Erichson, Kafer, 33. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 11.
In form like D. foveolus, but rather shorter and smaller, with-
out any brassy tinge and without any foveae on the elytra. Head
and eyes smaller. Thorax shorter, subcordate, with the sides
regularly rounded behind, posterior angles very obtuse. Elytra
shorter than in foveolus and slightly wider, the humeral angles
rounded, apex wide and truncate, disk very obsoletely striated;
14 CARABIDJE. DROMIUS.
body beneath black ; antennae and legs black or slightly pitchy.
Length 1^ line.
This insect is larger than the preceding and much broader, but
not quite so large as the next species ; it cannot be confounded
with either, it is more pitchy black, and has the sides of the
elytra very distinctly rounded, and is both shorter and wider than
either of the allied species : from foveolus (with which it associates
as well as with glabratus) it may instantly be distinguished also
by the absence of the small punctures, and the brassy brown colour
so conspicuous in that insect.
This species has, together with the two following, been erected
into a separate genus (Metabletus] by Dr. Schmidt.
It is far from uncommon, though certainly local. I have
taken it at Redhill, Surrey, on the common near the Railway
Station ; and in Pegwell Bay near Ramsgate, on a grassy bank
on the edge of the shore, early in the spring. " Found in
sandy and gravelly situations beneath stones near London,"
Mr. Stephens. It is also included among the Irish species by
Mr. Haliday.
12. D. foveolus : obscure ceneus ; elytris substriatis} punctis
duobus impressis.
Lebia foveola, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 183.
Dromius foveolus, Steph. Mand. 1. 26, et Manual, p. 8. —
Erichson, Kafer, 33.
Lebia punctatella, Dufts. Faun. 2. 248.
Dromius punctatellus, Dej. Spec. 1. 247; Icon. 1. 126.pl. 13. —
Sturm, D. F. 7. 52.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 11.
Above obscure brassy brown. Head smooth, with an obsolete
fovea on each side between the antenna? which are pitchy black,
eyes large. Thorax short, broad, narrowed behind as in the
preceding species, and the posterior angles obtuse and elevated,
but with the base sloped upwards to meet them, the dorsal line
very distinct, but the basal fovese almost obsolete. Elytra rounded
at the shoulders, and rather so on the sides, moderately convex,
obsoletely punctate-striated, with two deep impressions on the third
stria ; legs black, slightly pitchy. Length 1^ line.
This insect occurs in profusion almost everywhere in sandy
and gravelly places. " Portmarnock sands " in Ireland, A. H.
Haliday, Esq.
_\ 13. D. obscuroguttatus : piceo-subseneus ; elytris substriatis,
maculis duabus alterd humerali alterd apicali antennarum
basi tibiisque rufescentibus.
Lebia obscuro-guttata, Dufts. Faun. 2. 249.
CARABID.E. DROMIUS. 15
Dromius obscuroguttatus, Erichson, Kafer, 32.
D. spilotus, Dej. Spec. 1. 246 ; Icon. 1. 124. pi. 13.— Sturm,
D. F. 7. 47.— Curtis, Ent. pi. 231.— Steph. Manual, p. 7.
D. impunctatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 23.
In form like the two preceding species, but pitchy black with
a faint brassy tinge. Head convex, smooth, with a very obsolete
stria on each side in front, and the whole surface, when examined
under a magnifying glass, finely coriaceous. Thorax as in
foveolus, but rather narrower (PL I. f. 1). Elytra broad with
the shoulders rounded and slightly prominent, apex obliquely
truncate, disk very obsoletely striated, with a series of deep im-
pressions on the exterior margins, pitchy or fuscous black, with
a pale more or less distinct spot on the shoulders and another (often
obliterated) near the apex ; thighs pitchy, tibiae and tarsi paler.
Length 1| line.
This species is rather scarce. The localities given by Mr.
Stephens are Norfolk, Berkshire, and near London. I once met
with it in profusion near Sandown, Isle of Wight (April 1846),
and have found it also at Gravesend and in Hurst Wood, near
Tunbridge Wells.
14. D. quadrillum : nigro-sub(eneus ; thorace lateribus rotun-
dato postice fortiter coarctato, angulis posticis acutis;
elytris striatis, inter stitiis punctatis, maculis duabuspallidis.
Lebia quadrillum, Dufts. Faun. 2. 246.
Dromius quadrillum, Dej. Spec. 1. 249 ; Icon. 1. 127. pi. 13.
— Sturm, D. F. 7. 45.— Steph. Mand. 1. 23, et Manual, p. 8.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 12.
Lionychus quadrillum, Redt. Faun. Aust. 76.
Var. (3. elytris singulis unimaculatis.
Dromius bipunctatus, Heer, Faun. Helv. 12.
Above bronzed black, rather larger and wider than the pre-
ceding species. Head round, wide, obliquely impressed on each
side between the antennse, two joints at the base of the latter
red. Thorax broad in front and short, rounded at the sides
below the anterior angles, but suddenly and considerably contracted
behind, the base also being rounded as in the preceding species,
and sloped upwards to meet the posterior angles which are very
minute, acute and prominent (PL I. f. 2), disk with a fine dorsal
line and a transverse impression in front thereof, and the base
striated longitudinally. Elytra broad, short, humeral angles
rounded and rather elevated, sides dilated behind, the surface
finely but evidently striated, and the interstices minutely punc-
tured, having two yellowish white spots on each elytron, one at
the basal angle and another a little behind the middle, the
16
CARABIDvE. LEBIA.
latter of which is sometimes wanting; body beneath and the
legs black. Length 1^ line.
To receive this species a new genus (Lionychus) has been
created by Dr. Wissmann (Stettin Ent. Zeit. 7. 25). The
Stettin Catalogue (1852) records this insect as Carabus 4-pustu-
latus of Fabricius, but as that author's description and refer-
ences are unsatisfactory, I have retained the generally re-
ceived name. The species is apparently scarce. Mr. Stephens
informs us that it has been taken near London and at Southend.
Mr. Wollaston captured a pair near Bridport, Dorset, and a fine
series at Slapton Ley, Devon, in May 1852 : these belong to
the variety with the humeral spots alone visible. During the
month of May in the year 1853, my friends Mr. Wollaston
and the Rev. H. Clark, as well as myself, found it in plenty
among the fine shingle at the base of the low cliffs eastward of
Southend. Among the individuals captured by us, every variety
is included.
Genus 5. LEBIA, Latreille.
Mentum dente medio nullo. Ligula apice rotundata ; paraglossis
coriaceis, ei sub&qualibus, apice singulatim rotundatis. Palpi
articulo ultimo subovafoj apice truncato. Tarsi articulo quarto
emarginato ; unguiculis pectinatis.
When Bonelli separated the genera Demetrias and Dromius
from Lebia proper, he also divided the latter into Lamprias and
Lebia. He took L. cyanocephala as the type to represent the
characters of the former, which he stated to consist in the penul-
timate joint of the tarsi being simple, the antennae linear, and
the last joint of the palpi truncate; — and as the type of the
latter he took L. crux-minor, having the penultimate joint of the
tarsi bifid, the antennae more slender at the base, and the last
joint of the palpi less truncate. Upon a close examination,
however, of the different species of Lebia, it did not appear that
these characters held good ; for even in L. cyanocephala, the
type of the genus Lamprias, the penultimate joint of the tarsi is
not simple, but bifid ; neither is it simple in any of the others,
though in some it is difficult to decide whether it is bifid or bi-
lobed; and as the two remaining characters assigned by Bonelli
appeared altogether too vague to warrant the creation of a new
genus, M. Dejean once more reunited the Lamprias and Lebia
of Bonelli under the original name Lebia*, an arrangement
which has now been adopted generally by the continental ento-
mologists.
* Dejean, Iconographie, vol. i. p. 132.
CARABID^E. LEBIA. 17
1. L. crux minor : nigra ; thorace antennarum basi pedibusque
rufis j elytris testaceis cruce nigrd.
Carabus crux minor, Linn. S. N. 2. 673.
Lebia crux minor, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 181. — Sturm, D. F. 7. 24.
—Dej. Spec. 1. 261 ; Icon. 1. 139. pi. 15.— Steph. Mand. 1.
27, et Manual, p. 8.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 13.
Head black, coarsely punctured; palpi black; antennae fuscous,
with three joints at the base red. Thorax ferruginous red,
finely punctured, with a slight central longitudinal line and
wrinkled transversely; scutellum black. Elytra broad, shoulders
rounded and prominent, sides widest behind the middle, finely
punctate-striated, with two minute dots on the third stria from
the suture, testaceous red, with a triangular black patch surround-
ing the scutellum, the black colour passing all down the suture
to the apex, and being crossed behind the middle by a broad
transverse waved band of the same colour dilated at the sides
and next the suture, leaving a round immaculate spot at the apex :
underside of the body black, except the thorax, which, together
with the Iegs5 is red. Length 3 lines.
The instances recorded of the capture of this rare species in
Britain are very few. Coombe Wood, Windsor, Plumstead
Common, Bristol, Lymington, and Netley have produced each a
solitary example. More recently, Mr, Stephens secured one in
Unsted Wood, near Godalming (Aug. 27, 1842), and Mr. Wol-
laston brushed one into his net from a damp meadow at Trene-
glos, in Cornwall, on llth September, 1844. Two specimens
were taken in a sandy lane near Tunbridge Wells by Major
Stanhope Taylor, one of which he kindly presented to me.
" Beaten off a sallow near Lugs, south end of Loch Lomond, by
Mr. R. Logan." Murray's Catalogue.
2. L. turcica : nigra, thorace rufo ; elytris striatis, nigris,
macula magnd humerali pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus turcicus, Fab. S. El. 1. 203.
Lebia turcica, Dej. Spec. 1. 263 ; Icon. 1. 142. pi. 15. — Curtis,
Ent. pi. 87. — Steph. Mand. 1 . 27, et Manual, p. 8. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 13.
Rather smaller than crux minor. Head black, punctured
behind, and wrinkled in front between the eyes ; mouth, palpi
and antennse red. Thorax red, with a deep central longitudinal
line, bordered by numerous transverse wrinkles ; scutellum
red. Elytra black, with a large testaceous red patch on the
shoulders, and a very slender margin of the same colour extend-
ing to the apex, deeply striated, the striae sparingly punctured,
18 CARABID^E. LEBIA.
the third from the suture with two impressed dots ; breast
ferruginous ; abdomen black, with a pale spot in the centre ;
legs pale testaceous. Length 2± lines.
The claim of this rare species to be inserted in the British
fauna rests upon four specimens, reported to have been captured
in Oakhampton Park, and presented to the British Museum by
Dr. Leach. Mr. Stephens, however, calls our attention to the
fact that Fabricius quoted this insect as British from a specimen
in the collection of Dr. Hunter.
3. L. haemorrhoidalis : rufa, elytris nigris, apice rufis.
Carabus hamorrhoidalis, Fab. S. El. 1. 203.— Pariz. Faun. 75.
Lebia hcemorrhoidalis, Dej. Spec. 1. 266 ; Icon. 1. 145. pi. 15.
— Steph.Mand. 1.28,et Manual, p.8.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 13.
This species is about two-thirds the stature of L. crux minor
and is entirely red, with the exception of the elytra, which are
shining blue-black, with their apex red. Head and thorax finely
punctured; the latter short, much dilated and rounded at the
sides, the central line bordered by numerous fine transverse
wrinkles. Elytra with the shoulders rounded and prominent,
sides dilated behind the middle, apex obliquely truncate, faintly
striate-punctate, with two impressed dots on the third stria from
the suture. Length 2 lines.
The claim of this elegant little species to be admitted into our
indigenous fauna rests upon a single example, which Mr. Ste-
phens reports to have been captured near Netley, Shropshire, on
broom, by the Rev. F. W. Hope.
(LAMPRIAS, Bonelli.}
4. L. cyanocephala : cyanea vel viridis, thorace pedibusque
rufis, femoribus apice cseruleo-nigris, elytris punctato-stri-
atis, interstitiis punctatis.
Carabus cyanocephalus, Linn. F. S. 794. — Fab. S. El. 1. 200.
Lebia cyanocephala, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 179. — Dej. Spec. 1. 256;
Icon. 1. 134. pi. 14.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 21.— Erichson, Kafer,
34.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 12.
Lamprias cyanocephalus, Steph. Mand. 1. 29, et Manual, p. 8.
L. nigrit arsis, Steph. Mand. 1. 29, et Manual, p. 9.
Bright green or cyaneous, very brilliant and shining, with the
thorax ferruginous red. Head thickly punctured, and with an
obsolete fovea on each side between the eyes ; mouth pitchy ;
palpi and antennae blackish, with the basal joint of the latter
CARABID^l. — BRACHINUS. 19
red. Thorax transverse, short, widest in front, sides rounded,
slightly narrowed behind, posterior angles acute, disk rather
convex, thickly punctured, with a distinct longitudinal dorsal
furrow, and a deeply impressed transverse line at the base, and
an obsolete fovea on each side likewise thickly punctured ;
scutellum blue-black. Elytra narrowed and rounded at the
shoulders, dilated behind, apex obliquely truncate, finely punctate-
striated, interstices more or less punctured ; thorax beneath red,
breast and abdomen bluish green, legs red, with the tip of the
thighs bluish green, tarsi fuscous black. Length 2^-3^ lines.
This species is variable in size, though usually somewhat
larger than the next : it differs chiefly in having the tips of the
femora, the breast and scutellum bluish black instead of red. It
is local, but has been found at Darenth Wood, Ripley, Windsor,
&c. It is the L. nigritarsis of Leach.
5. Ii. chlorocephala : cyanea vel viridis ; thorace pedibusque
rufis ; elytris punctato-striatis, interstitiis subtiliter punc-
tatis.
Carabus chlorocephalus, Ent. Heft 2. 117.
Lebia chlorocephala, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 180. — Dej, Spec. 1.
257 ; Icon. 1. 136. pi. 14.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 22.— Erichson,
Kafer, 34.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 12.
Lamprias chlorocephalus , Steph. Mand. 1. 30, et Manual, p. 9.
L. rufipes, Steph. Mand. 1. 30, et Manual, p. 9.
Brilliant shining green or cyaneous, with the thorax red.
Head thickly punctured; palpi black; antennae fuscous black,
with the first, second, and basal half of the third joints red.
Thorax rather longer, and more narrowed behind than in the
preceding species, posterior angles prominent, convex, thickly
punctured, with a slight dorsal line, and a transverse impression
at the base ; scutellum red. Elytra more finely punctured than
in the preceding species ; thorax and breast beneath testaceous
red ; abdomen bluish green ; legs red, with the tarsi fuscous
black. Length 2^-3 lines.
Abundant in many parts of the kingdom on the common
broom, and at the roots of the gorse. L. rufipes, Steph., is the
same species.
Genus 6. BRACHINUS, Weber.
Mentum (plerumque] dente medio nullo. Ligula medio anguste
cornea, lateribus membranacea ; paraglossis apice subacumi-
natis, earn parum superantibus. Palpi articulo ultimo cylin-
c2
20 CARABID^E. BRACHINUS.
drico, aut subovato, apice truncato. Mandibulse firma, acuta.
Labrum brevissimum, angulis anticis rotundatis, apice sub-
sinuatum. Tarsi articulo quarto integro ; unguiculis simpli-
cibus.
1. B. crepitans : rufo-ferrugineus ; elytris substriatis, nigro-
subcyaneis ; antennarum articulo tertio quartoque abdomine-
que infuscatis.
Carabus crepitans, Linn. S. N. 2. 671.
Brachinus crepitans, Fab. S. El. 1 . 219.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 1 76.
—Dej. Spec. 1.318; Icon. 1. 161.pl. 17— Sturm, D. F. 7.79.
— Steph. Mand. 1. 34, et Manual, p. 9. — Erichson, Kafer, 26.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 14.
B. immacuHcornis, Steph. Mand. 1. 177, et Manual, p. 9.
B. explodens, Steph. Mand. 1. 35, et Manual, p. 9.
B. glabratus, Steph. Mand. 1. 36, et Manual, p. 9.
Ferruginous red, elytra black, blue-black, steel-blue or green-
ish, pubescent. Head oblong, punctured behind, having an
oblong rugose fovea on each side in front ; eyes large and
black; basal joint of antennje bright red, second, third and
fourth joints dusky, the rest dull pale red. Thorax oblong-
cordate, narrow, acutely margined, posterior angles slightly pro-
minent, disk rugosely punctate, with a fine central stria, and a
faint transverse line at the base ; scutellum pitchy red. Elytra
oblong-ovate, broad, shoulders rounded, sides dilated behind the
middle, apex truncate, very indistinctly striated, interstices finely
punctured ; head and thorax beneath red ; breast and abdomen
pitchy, finely punctured, and clothed with golden pile ; legs
rusty red and pubescent. Length 3-4 lines.
This little Bombardier is very abundant in the south of
England; it occurs in profusion in the Undercliff, Isle of Wight ;
and both in size and colour varies considerably, in the latter
respect from dull black to steel-blue. The insects recorded by
Mr. Stephens under the names immaculicornis, explodens and
glabratus must be referred to this species. The insect is found
also in the counties of Wexford and Louth in Ireland.
2. B. sclopeta : ruber ; elytris subl&vibus, cyaneis, suturd ab-
breviatd ferrugined.
Carabus sclopeta, Fab. S. El. 1. 220.
Brachinus sclopeta, Clairv. Ent. Helv. 2.41 .—Dej. Spec. 1 . 322 ;
Icon. 1. 167. pi. 18.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 82. — Steph. Mand. 1.
36, et Manual, p. 9. — Curtis, Ent. pi. 554. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 15.
Rusty red, elytra cyaneous and pubescent, with the suture
CARABIDJE. TARUS. 21
ferruginous red from the base to about two-thirds its length.
Head faintly punctured behind, with an oblong rugose impression
on each side in front. Thorax cordate, finely rugose-punctate.
Elytra shorter and wider in proportion than in crepitans,
shoulders broader and more prominent, sides very little wider
behind the middle, obsoletely striated, interstices faintly punc-
tured ; body beneath entirely rusty red. Length 2-3 lines.
This species is usually smaller than the smallest examples of
crepitans, and in form more delicate, and may at once be recog-
nized by an abbreviated red dash at the base of the suture. Its
claim to be admitted into our British fauna rests apparently on
very few examples ; the first recorded by Mr. Curtis as having
been captured by Dr. Leach in Devonshire ; a second reputed
to have been taken by the Rev. F. W. Hope at Southend; and
a third, in Mr. Stephens's collection, supposed to have been
found near Hastings. There are others in the collection of the
late Mr. Vigors, and in that of the Rev. A. Matthews (which
last were obtained from Mr. Vigors), said to have been captured
in Norfolk.
Genus 7. TARUS, Clairville.
(CYMINDIS, Latreille.)
Mentum dente medio integro. Ligula obtusa ; paraglossis mem-
branaceis, ei aqualibus, apice rotundatis. Palpi maxillares
externi filiformes, articulo ultimo cylindrico, labiales articulo
ultimo securiformi. Mandibulse breves externe profunde
sulcat(K. Labrum quadratum, apice truncatum. Tarsi articulis
integris ; unguiculis serratis.
1 . T. humeralis : niger, parce punctatus ; elytris striatis, mar-
gine laterali macula humerali ore antennis pedibusque
ferrugineis.
Carabus humeralis, Fab. S. El. 1. 181.
Lebia humeralis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 240.
Cymindis humeralis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 1/2. — Dej. Spec. 1. 204;
Icon. 1. 80. pi. 8.— Sturm, D. F, 7. 8.— Erichson, Kafer, 693.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 7.
Tarus humeralis, Steph. Mand. 1. 33. pi. 2, et Manual, p. 9.
Black and glabrous. Head large, thickly punctured ; mouth,
palpi and antennae red. Thorax cordate, longer than in the
next species, sides less dilated and rounded in front (PI. I. f. 3),
much narrowed behind, broadly margined, slightly rounded at
the base, with the posterior angles minute but slightly promi-
22 CARABID.E. — TARUS.
nent, disk finely and sparingly punctured, sides more coarsely
punctured, the base with a deep fovea near each hinder angle ;
scutellum pitchy red, punctured. Elytra oblong-ovate, rounded
at the shoulders, rather widest behind the middle, deeply striated,
the striae obsoletely punctured, interstices also finely punctured,
the outer margins testaceous almost to the extremity, and a large
oblong patch of the same colour on the shoulders connected with
the marginal streak; body beneath pitchy red, legs testaceous
red. Length 4-5 lines.
This insect is larger and has a more elongate form than the
next species, from which it is distinguishable in the structure
and colour of the thorax, which is longer, narrower, and entirely
black. It is of very rare occurrence in Britain, but according to
Stephens has been taken at Swansea, and near Cuckfield, Sussex.
There is a single example only in the Stephen sian collection.
2. T. axillaris : fusco-iiiger, subpubescens, subtiliter punctatus,
thorace rufo, elytris punctato-striatis, margine laterali
lineoldque humerali ore antennis pedibusque ferrugineis.
Carabus axillaris, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 132 (1792-8).
Tarus axillaris, Steph. Mand. 5. 388, et Manual, p. 9.
Lebia homagrica., Dufts. Faun. 2. 240.
Cymindis homagrica, Sturm, D. F. 7. 10. — Dej. Spec. 1. 208 ;
Icon. 1. 83. pi. 9.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 7.— Redt. Faun.
Aust. 74.
Tarus homagricus, Steph. Mand. 5. 369, et Manual, p. 10.
T. angularis, Steph. Mand. 1. 31, et Manual, p. 10.
T. Icevigatus, Steph. Mand. I. 32.
T. macularis, Steph. Mand. 5. 368.
T. coadnutus, Steph. Mand. 5. 369, et Manual, p. 9.
Fuscous black, slightly pubescent. Head large, black, finely
punctured behind, but with the sides and an oblong impression
on each side in front more coarsely punctured; palpi and antennae
red. Thorax cordate, short, very wide in front (PI. I. f. 4), sides
rounded below the anterior angles, much rounded behind so as
to leave the posterior angles very minute, ferruginous red,
thickly punctured, more coarsely so on the sides, having a
slender dorsal line and a round fovea on each side at the base.
Elytra wide and rather short, shoulders very prominent, dilated
behind the middle, apex obliquely truncate, deeply striated,
striae finely punctured, interstices thickly punctured, the
punctures in some examples finer than in others, fuscous black,
with an oblong patch on the shoulders, and the entire margin
testaceous, and sometimes with a more or less pitchy-red spot
near the extremity of the wing-cases ; thorax and breast beneath
CARABID.E. TARUS. 23
reddish, punctured ; abdomen black, smooth and shining ; legs
ferruginous. Length 3|— 4 lines.
The insects recorded by Mr. Stephens under the names
T. axillaris, coadnutus, lavigatus, homagricus, angularis and ma-
culariSy if they have no other representatives but those contained
in the Stephensian cabinet, must all be assigned to this species.
Found in chalky districts, but local. Dorking, at the foot of
Box hill ; Freshwater, Isle of Wight ; at the back of the Castle
in the Isle of Portland ; New Forest, &c., late in August and
September, and occasionally in April and May.
3. T. vaporariorum : niger, subpubescens profunde punctatus ;
elytris punctato-striatis basi ferrugineisy ore antennis
pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus vaporariorum, Linn. S. N. 2. 671.
Cymindis basalis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 175. — Sturm, D. F. 7. 15.
— Redt. Faun. Aust. 74.
Tarus basalis, Curtis, Ent. pi. 235.— Steph. Mand. 1. 177, et
Manual, p. 10.
Cymindis punctata, Dej. Spec. 1. 214 ; Icon. 1. 92. pi. 10. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 8.
Head and thorax black, coarsely punctured, palpi and antennae
ferruginous. Thorax heart-shaped, rather narrow, sides rounded
in front, contracted behind, posterior angles acute and prominent,
each with a very obsolete fovea. Elytra oblong-ovate, slightly
pubescent, punctate-striated, pitchy black or pitchy chestnut,
with a more or less distinct red dash on the shoulders and
covering the entire base ; body beneath pitchy black, deeply
punctured; legs red. Length 4-4^ lines.
This insect cannot be confounded with the preceding. The
form is narrower and more elongate ; the punctuation, especially
on the head and thorax, is very coarse; the thorax is considerably
smaller, more contracted, and has the posterior angles distinctly
acute and prominent; the elytra also are narrower, the shoulders
rounded and narrowed, not at all prominent like those of the
preceding species, and the entire base is red, but the lateral
margins concolorous with the rest of the wing-cases, and the
underside is thickly punctured and pubescent.
In the Linnsean collection we find this species labelled as the
true Carabus vaporariorum, Linn. I have accordingly restored
the name. It is found in mountainous districts in the north of
England, Scotland, and North Wales. Midgley Moor, near
Halifax : " on the moors near Twizel," Mr. Selby. I have taken
it abundantly on Griben Oernant, near Llangollen, about the
middle of August.
24 CARABID^E. POLYSTICHUS.
Genus 8. POLYSTICHUS, Bonelli.
Men turn breve, dente medio abbreviate, dilatato, emarginato.
Ligula membranacea apice obtusa, paraglossis membranaceis,
ei adnatis. Palpi articulo ultimo paulb crassiore, subsecuri-
formi. Mandibulse breviusculce vix prominulce. Labrum
quadratum, apice truncatum.
«
1. P. fasciolatus : brunneus,pubescens, valdepunctatus, elytrorum
vittd abbreviatd pectore abdomine pedibusque ferrugineis.
Carabus fasciolatus, Oliv. Ent. 3. 33.
Galerita fasciolata, Fab. S. El. 1. 216.
Polystichus fasciolatus, Sturm, D. F. 7. 69. — Dej. Spec. 1. 194;
Icon. 1.72. pi. 7.— Steph.Mand. 1. 13.— Curtis, Ent.pl. 2£3.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 6.
P. vittatus, Steph. Manual, p. 10.
Pitchy red, pubescent. Head much produced in front, and
coarsely punctured; palpi and antennae rusty red. Thorax
elongate, heart-shaped, sides rounded in front, much narrowed
behind, posterior angles acute, coarsely punctured, with an
oblong fovea on each side at the base. Elytra very pubescent,
with a red streak extending from the base to about the middle
of each elytron, shoulders rounded, sides parallel, apex truncate,
deeply striated, the stria? and interstices thickly and finely
punctured : head and thorax beneath pitchy red, coarsely
punctured ; abdomen pale, very minutely punctured ; legs rusty
red. Length 5 lines.
Very rare. " Once in profusion under a heap of stones, near
Southwold, Suffolk, in April 1828." C. J. Hewitson, Esq. I
captured a single specimen near Sandown, in the Isle of Wight,
in April 1846.
Subfam. 2. SCARITIDES, Westwood.
Genus 9. CLIVINA, Latreille.
Mentum dente medio acuto, lobis lateralibus cequali. Ligula
cornea, elongata, acuminata : paraglossis membranaceis, an-
gustis, linearibus, lignite cequalibus. Palpi articulo ultimo
acuminato. Mandibulse mediocres, subdentat<K. Labrum
breve, truncatum. Tibise antica? extus dentatce, intermedia?
extus ante apicem spind armatce.
1 . C. fossor : nigro-picea, thorace subquadrato, elytris elongatis,
subparallelis, striato-punctatis, punctis quatuor impressis ;
(tntcnnis pedibusque rufa.
CARABID^E. CLIVINA. 25
Tenebrio fossor, Linn. F. S. 817 ; S. N. 2. 675.
Scarites fossor, 111. Kafer, 3.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 5.
Clivina fossor, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 169.— Steph. Mand. 1. 39,
etManual,p. 11. — Erichson, Kafer, 35. — Heer,Faun.Helv. 16.
Scarites arenarius, Fab. S. El. 1. 125.— Sturm, D. F. 2. 128.
Clivina arenaria, Dej. Spec. 1. 413. — Icon. 1. 215. pi. 23.
This species is pitchy black, with the margins of the elytra
and sometimes the suture pitchy red. Head with a deep rugged
fovea on each side and a small impression on the crown, palpi
and antennae ferruginous. Thorax nearly quadrate, broadest
behind at the posterior angles, disk more or less transversely
strigose, the dorsal furrow met in front by a transverse stria
which encloses a narrow space. Elytra elongate, sides almost
parallel, narrowed towards the apex, deeply striated, the strise
punctured, the third with four remote impressions, and the
margins with numerous large punctures ; legs ferruginous red.
Length 3 lines.
Common in marshy places, on river banks, &c.
2. C. collaris : rufo-brunnea, thorace castaneo, quadrato, ely-
tris elongatis, subparallelis, striato-punctatis, punctis
quatuor impressis.
Carabus collaris, Herbst, Archiv, 5. 141.
Clivina collaris, Steph. Mand. 1. 40, et Manual, p. 11. — Curtis,
Ent. pi. 175.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 16.— Putz. Mon. 76. 16.
Cl. fossor, var. b, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 169.
Cl. arenaria, var. b, Dej. Spec. 1. 413 ; Icon. 1. 215. pi. 23.
Smaller, narrower, and more elongate in proportion than the
preceding; the thorax chestnut-brown, the rest of the insect
ferruginous. Head shorter and rounder than in fossor. Thorax
more quadrate, less dilated at the posterior angles, and the disk
smoother. Elytra narrower and more elongate in appearance,
rather widest behind the middle, less narrowed towards the apex,
less deeply striated, but the four impressions on the third stria
more distinct. If its distinctive characters are slight, they are
at any rate constant, and its colour is unvariable ; the size also
is uniformly less than that of the preceding species.
Local. " Beneath stones by the side of the Tyne and Dervvent
in May and June," Messrs. Hardy and Bold. " Common in
Battersea fields," Mr. Stephens. It is found also in Scotland.
Genus 10. DYSCHIRIUS, Panzer.
Mentum dente media minirno. Ligula cornea, elongata, apice
obtusa ; paraglossis coriaceis, abbreviatis. Palpi articuln
26
CARABID.E. DYSCHIRIUS.
ultimo acuminato. Mandibulse mediocres, muticce. Tibiae
anticae extus bidenticulata, apice products, intermedise sim-
plices.
1. D. inerxnis: nigro-carulescens vel aneo-piceus, nitidus, ore
antennisque ferruyineis, elytris oblongo-ovatis, striato-
punctatis, punctis tribus impressis, tibiis anticis extus
inermibus.
Curtis, Ent. pi. 354.— Steph. Mand. 5. 369, et Manual, p. 11.
— Putz. Mon. 53.
Dyschirius arenosus, Putz. Mon. 48.
D. digitatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 42, et Manual, p. 12.
D. fulvipes, Steph. Mand. 5. 3/0, et Manual, p. 12.
Bluish black or pitchy aeneous, shining ; palpi and antennae at
the base ferruginous, the latter dusky towards the apex. Thorax
subrotundate and rather globose in front, but narrowed behind,
the dorsal furrow deeply impressed, and met in front by a curved
transverse channel, the base with a transverse row of punctures.
Elytra oblong-ovate, slightly rounded at the sides (PL I. f. 9),
strongly striated, the striae finely punctured, the third from the
suture with three deeper impressions ; legs pitchy red, femora
darker, anterior tibiae terminated by two strong spines, the outer
one largest and incurved, but without any appearance of the
usual denticulations on the tibia externally. Length 2^ lines.
This species is described in Putzeys' Monographie as D. iner-
mis, Curt. ; it is also identical with D. arenosus, Putz., of the
same work, but not, as that author was led to believe, with
arenosus , Steph. The latter insect must be assigned to thoracicus.
D. digitatus and fulvipes belong to the present species. Clivina
fulvipes, Dej., is unique in the Dejeanian collection. The localities
given for this insect are the coasts of Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex.
2. D. nitidus : <eneus, nitidus ; thorace subrotundato, elytris
elongato-ovatis, punctato-striatis, stria marginali ad hu-
merum abbreviatd, tibiis anticis extus obtuse bidenticulatis.
Clivina nitida, Dej. Spec. 1. 421 ; Icon. 1. 218. pi. 123.—
Ahrens, Archiv, no. 1.
Dyschirius nitidus, Steph. Mand. 1. 40, et Manual, p. 11. —
Erichson, Kiifer, 37.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 17. — Putz. Mon.49.
Shining brassy. Head with a deep rugose impression on each
side between the eyes united in front by a transverse elevated
line, running parallel to which are some minute striae ; mouth,
mandibles, palpi and basal joint of the antennae rusty red, apex
of the palpi and of the antennae pitchy. Thorax wide, rather
CARAB1DJE. DYSCHIRIUS. 27
narrowed below the anterior angles ; thence evidently dilated
about the middle and somewhat rounded, but again narrowed
behind ; disk very convex, with a deep central line bordered by
numerous wrinkles and met in front by a transverse oblique
stria, which also is wrinkled or striated below. Elytra wider
than the thorax, elongate-ovate, having the shoulders rather
elevated, very convex, strongly striated, especially at the base
and next the suture, the stride distinctly punctured except at the
extremity, the marginal stria abbreviated at the shoulder, the
first and second next the suture carried almost to the apex, the
third and fourth unite before the apex, the fifth and sixth also
unite, the seventh and eighth are carried round the margin to
the extremity of the suture, where they unite and form a strongly
impressed loop (PL I. f. 10) : the underside of the body is
brownish black, the legs pitchy red, thighs somewhat brassy,
anterior tibiae stout and furnished with two strong spines at the
extremity of equal length, and a smaller one near the notch,
being armed likewise externally with two obtuse teeth. Length
2£ lines.
This species, the largest of our indigenous Dyschirii, is not
very common. Mr. Stephens gives as its localities the shores
of the Thames and Humber, but I suspect that examples of
salinus, a species not uncommon in those localities, have been
mistaken for it. It is found on the Norfolk and Lincolnshire
coasts, near Liverpool, &c.
3. D. politus : aneus, nitidus ; thorace oblongo-ovato, elytris
elongatis, subparallelis, punctato-striatis, stria marginali
ad humerum abbreviatd ; tibiis anticis extus obsolete biden-
ticulatis.
Clivina polita, Dej. Spec. 1. 422; Icon. 1. 220.pl. 23.
Dyschirius politus, Steph. Mand. 1 . 4 1, et Manual, p. 1 1 . — Erich-
son, Kafer, 38.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 79. — Putz. Mon. 46. 50.
Clivina elongata, Ahrens, Archiv, no. 8.
C. metallica, Ahrens, Archiv, no. 5.
Dyschirius cylindricus, Steph. Manual, p. 12.
Elongate, subparallel, rather narrowed towards the extremity,
brassy and shining ; mouth, mandibles, base of the palpi and of
the antennae rusty red. Thorax oblong-ovate, with the sides
more rounded in some examples than in others, and usually
more dilated and straight in the ? than in the <$. Elytra
broad and somewhat elevated at the shoulders, sides not quite
parallel but gradually decreasing in width (PL I. f. 11), punc-
tate-striated, the stria? most impressed at the base and next the
suture and continued to the extremity, except the third and
28 CARABID^E. — DYSCHIRIUS.
fourth and the fifth and sixth which unite and terminate before
it, but they are all much finer as they approach the apex, the
punctuation on the striae likewise disappears before the apex,
and the third interstice has three deeper impressions ; the anterior
tibiae are furnished with two long spines at their tip and a shorter
one near the notch, and armed externally with two obsolete
denticulations (PL I. f. 13), which in some examples appear like
two faint protuberances, but in others are rather more distinct ;
femora pitchy, tibise and tarsi reddish. Length 2 lines.
This species is local, but has been taken rather plentifully at
Lowestoff (Zool. p. 1671) and elsewhere, on the Suffolk, Norfolk
and Lincolnshire coasts ; and near Bridlington, Yorkshire. D.
cylindricus, Steph., belongs to this species : the true Clivina cylin-
drica, Dej., has not, as far as I am aware, been found in Britain.
4. D. salinus : aneus, nitidus ; thorace brevi subrotundato ;
elytris subparallelis, striatis, striis profunde punctatis,
punctis e medio evanescentibus ; pedibus rufo-piceis, tibiis
anticis extus fortiter bidenticulatis.
Schaum, Germ. Zeitsch. 4. 180.— Putz. Mon. 48. 29.— Redt.
Faun. Aust. 79.
Dyschirius rufipes, Steph. Mand. 5. 369.
D. punctatusy Steph. Mand. 5. 370, et Manual, p. 12.
Shining brassy, bluish or greenish brass. Head with two
oblong depressions enclosing a central longitudinal ridge between
them, which latter is crossed in front by several transverse lines ;
base of the palpi and of the antennae red, the rest pitchy. Thorax
short and a little globose, the sides being more or less dilated
in the middle and regularly rounded, the central line distinctly
marked and met in front by a transverse impression, which is
bordered on both sides by numerous fine longitudinal striae.
Elytra oblong, sides somewhat parallel or very slightly rounded,
apex not attenuated, distinctly striated, striae coarsely and deeply
punctured (PI. I. f. 12) till behind the middle, where the
punctuation becomes indistinct and the striae are continued to
the extremity very finely, the marginal punctured stria is carried
over the shoulder, and the third interstice has three larger im-
pressions ; legs pitchy red ; anterior tibiae armed externally with
two teeth, the one nearest the apex being stout, acute and
straight (PI. I. f. 14). Length If line.
This species is very distinct from and smaller than the pre-
ceding ; the thorax is shorter and more oval ; the elytra are more
parallel and not narrowed at the extremity, and the punctuation
is extremely distinct ; the exterior denticulations of the anterior
tibise larger and more acute.
CARABID.E. DYSCHIRIUS. 29
It is found in salt marshes and on the banks of tidal rivers :
shores of the Thames below Gravesend ; Southend; Whitstable
and Herne Bay; Lymington Salterns; near Sandown Castle, Deal;
shores of the Humber, &c. ; also on " Portrain sands and Holy-
wood shore in Ireland/' A. H. Holiday.
5. D. obscurus : obscure emeus vel nigro-virescens, thorace sub-
globoso, elytris ovatis, profunde striatis, striis impunctatis,
tibiis anticis extus acute bidenticulatis.
Clivina obscura, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 456. — Putz. Mon. 16. 8.
This species is smaller and narrower than salinus, and may be
recognized by its elongate and cylindric form, and more especially
by the deeply impressed strife on the elytra, entirely smooth and
impunctate; the anterior tibia? are armed externally with two
distinct teeth, of which the one at the extremity is as large as
the corresponding one in salinus ; it is black beneath and obscure
brassy or greenish black above, with the antennae and legs pitchy
red. Length If line.
M. Putzeys informs us that M. Reiche possesses a specimen
which was captured in England, and that it is rather common on
the opposite coast at Ostend. I have never met with it among
our indigenous species, but take this opportunity of calling the
attention of my brother-entomologists to an insect which has
been secured in England by a foreign collector. Mr. Haliday,
however, informs me that he has captured it on the sandy shores
of Lough Neagh.
6. D. impimctipennis : capite thoraceque rotundato nigro-ob-
scuris, elytris piceo-castaneis, oblongo-ovatis, profunde
striatis, striis impunctatis, tibiis anticis extus obsoletissime
bidenticulatis. (PI. I. f. A.)
Beneath black, head- and thorax obscure black, sometimes
pitchy ; elytra deep pitchy chestnut, sometimes seneous. Head
with an oblong depression behind the eyes, palpi and antenna?
rusty red, the base palest. Thorax obovate, truncate in front,
very slightly narrowed below the anterior angles, sides gradually
rounded, globose behind ; disk convex with an impressed central
line terminating in front in the usual transverse impression,
which latter is bordered by numerous longitudinal striae. Elytra
oblong-ovate, obliquely sloped in front towards the shoulders
which are elevated, the sides very moderately rounded, convex,
deeply striated, the striae deepest at the base next the suture, all the
striae impunctate, except that in an occasional example some
30 CARABID^:. — DYSCHIRIUS.
obsolete impressions are discernible under a magnifying glass
scattered here and there irregularly ; the anterior tibiae terminate
in two strong spines, of which the outer one is stoutest, rather
longest and incurved, they are also furnished externally with two
very obsolete teeth. Length 2 lines.
I captured three examples of this very distinct species, which
I have now described for the first time, by a stream on the Small-
mouth sands near Weymouth.
7. D. thoracicus : census , nitidus, thorace rotundato, elytris ovatis
subtiliter punctato-striatis, stria marginali per basin con-
tinuata, tibiis anticis extus acute bidentatis.
Scarites thoracicus, Fab. S. El. 1. 125.
Clivina thoracica, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 1/0.— Dej. Spec. 1. 426 ;
Icon. 1. 224. pi. 24.
Dyschirius thoracicus, Erichson, Kafer, 36. — Heer, Faun. Helv.
16.— Putz. Mon. 13. 4.
D. arenosus, (Leach) Steph. Mand. 1. 41, et Manual, p. 12.
Clivina niyra ?, Ahrens, Archiv, no. 10.
Above brassy or bronzed, sometimes pitchy. Head small,
deeply foveated on each side between the eyes, with two elevated
transverse ridges in front ; mouth, mandibles (except the tip
which is black), basal joint of the antenna, and base of the two
next joints red. Thorax very globose with a strong dorsal furrow,
deepest at the base, and the usual transverse impression, bordered
on both sides by numerous fine longitudinal stria3 in the <$ .
Elytra exactly ovate, slightly narrowed in front, shoulders
rounded off, sides also rounded and a little narrowed at the apex,
distinctly but finely punctate-striated, more faintly so at the
extremity, the third interstice with three impressions, the upper
one sometimes wanting, the marginal stria carried over the
shoulder; anterior tibiae acutely dentate externally (PI. I. f. 15),
the apical tooth largest ; legs (except the anterior femora) ferru-
ginous. Length 1J line.
The more ovate and less parallel form, of this insect distin-
guishes it from any of the foregoing except impunctipennis, from
which it differs in having the stria? distinctly punctured, and by
the acute denticulations of the anterior tibia?, as well as in other
particulars. D. arenosus of Stephens' s collection is an immature
example of this species.
This insect is found in great profusion on the sands near the
Chesil Beach, Isle of Portland ; at Bridlington, Yorkshire ; and
also on many other parts of the coasts of England, Scotland and
Ireland.
CARABID^E. DYSCHIRIUS. 31
8. D. jejunus : capita thoraceque nigro-cmeis, capite rugoso,
thorace ovato, elytris amis, elongatis, erebre punctato-
striatis, tibiis anticis extus fortiter bidentatis. (PI. I. f. B.)
This insect has the head and thorax brassy black, the former
rather obscure ; elytra brassy or brownish brass. Head rugose,
transversely strigose in front, with some traces of a longitudinal
elevation, which is lost in the rugosity which entirely covers the
head ; mouth, mandibles, base of the palpi and three joints at
the base of the antennae red. Thorax ovate, very slightly
narrowest in front, rather widest about the region of the posterior
angles, convex, having a distinct dorsal furrow deepest at the
base and towards the apex and the usual transverse impression
in front, which is strongly striated longitudinally both above
and below, the disk of the thorax being otherwise wrinkled.
Elytra elongate, shoulders slightly elevated, sides appearing at
first sight parallel, but in reality widest in front and a little
narrowed behind, apex rounded, very finely punctate-striated,
more faintly so before the apex, interstices flat ; legs red, anterior
tibiae furnished with two long spines at their extremity of equal
length, but the outer one much stouter, slightly curved and obtuse
at the tip ; armed likewise externally with two distinct strong
obtuse teeth, the lower one largest. Length If line.
We are indebted to the exertions of Mr. Bold of Newcastle
for the discovery of this unique species. Two examples were
captured by him on a damp sandy bank by the river Irthing
a little above Lanercost Abbey, Cumberland, in June. They
were returned to him from Paris as entirely unknown. Mr. Bold
having kindly placed them at my disposal for the purpose, I have
for the first time introduced them as a new species.
9. D. seneus : emeus, nitidus ; thorace breviter ovato, elytris ob-
longo-ovatis, punctato-striatis, stria marginali ad humerum
abbreviatd, tibiis anticis extus acute bidenticulatis.
Clivina <znea, Dej. Spec. 1. 423; Icon. 1. 221. pi. 24.
Dyschirius ceneus, Steph. Mand. 1. 42, et Manual, p. 12. —
Erichsori, Kafer, 39. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 17.— Putz. Mon.
27. 23.
D. thnradcus, Steph. Mand. I. 41, et Manual, p. 11.
D. tristis, Steph. Mand. 1. 43, et Manual, p. 12.
D. ceratus, Haliday, Zool. Journal. — Steph. Mand. 1. 178, et
Manual, p. 11.
D. pusillus, Steph. Mand. 5. 370, et Manual, p. 12.
Above brassy, bronzed or bluish black. Head transversely
strigose in front, having a deep oblong fovea on each side ; man-
dibles, base of the palpi and of the antennae red. Thorax ovate,
32 CARABIDJE. — DYSCHIRIUS.
truncate in front, rather widest behind the middle, with a distinct
dorsal line bordered by some transverse wrinkles and with the
usual impression in front furnished with numerous rugose longi-
tudinal stria? in the c£, glabrous in the ? . Elytra ovate, convex,
base sloped towards the humeral angles which are prominent,
sides rather narrowed in front, then rounded, and the apex a
little contracted, punctate-striated, more faintly at the extremity,
interstices with three impressions ; the anterior tibiae armed with
two distinct teeth, of which that at the apex is largest, longest
and most acute. Length li line.
This species is variable in form and somewhat in colour. M.
Putzeys quotes four varieties, all of which blend more or less
into each other. The first, which may be considered the type, as
it comprehends the greatest number in the Dejeanian collection,
has the thorax rather narrowed in front, the anterior angles rect-
angular, and the elytra about twice as long as they are wide,
their base truncate, shoulders prominent, sides widest towards
the middle and contracted behind, the striae unequal but
distinctly marked to their extremity. The second variety has
the thorax narrower and very globose. The third has the thorax
also narrower, but more elongate, more contracted before and
behind, the elytra are wider and the striaa more regular, and the
punctures coarser. The fourth variety has the elytra longer and
their base more rounded.
D. tristis, Stephens, is a dark variety of this species, to which
also aratus, Haliday, and pusillus, Stephens (not Dejean), must
be referred. The true Clivina pusilla, Dej., is from the Caucasus.
This species is widely distributed, and occurs in England,
Scotland, and (very rarely) in Ireland. I have taken it in pro-
fusion in the muddy deposits in the fens about "Whittlesea Mere.
The variety aratus, with a fold down the forehead, was found
near Holywood in Ireland. Some remarkably slender examples
occur in the Isle of Wight, and both there and at Whittlesea
Mere occasional specimens of the black or blue-black variety are
found.
10. D. globosus : nigro-ceneus, nitidus ; thoracerotundato, elytris
ovatis, striato-punctatis, apice l&vibus, tibiis anticis extus
bidenticulatis.
Scarites globosus, Herbst, Archiv, 142. 58. t. 29 (1783).
Dyschirius globosus, Putz. Mon. 19. 12.
Scarites gibbus, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 96 (1/92).
Clivina gibba, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 171.— Dej. Spec. 1. 428 ;
Icon. 1. 227. pi. 25.
CARABID^E. CYCHRUS. 66
Dyschirius gibbus, Steph. Mand. 1. 43, et Manual, p. 12.
Clivina minima, Ahrens, Archiv. no. 13.
Dyschirius minimus, Curtis, Ent. pi. 354. — Steph. Mand. 5.
370, et Manual, p. 12.
Bronze or bluish brass. Head with a deep oblong fovea on
each side enclosing a strongly elevated ridge between them ;
mouth, base of the palpi and of the antennae red. Thorax very
convex, sides rather globose, finely channeled down the centre
and transversely wrinkled. Elytra ovate, not much wider in
front than the thorax, shoulders rounded, sides dilated at the
middle, apex again narrower and rounded, very convex, strongly
punctate-striated, the punctured striae vanishing before the apex,
and the marginal one abbreviated at the shoulders ; legs pitchy
red, sometimes paler, femora occasionally darker, anterior tibia?
armed with two minute teeth externally, the apical one most
distinct. Length 1 line.
This insect is commonly distributed and usually occurs in
great abundance. The small variety described by Mr. Curtis
under the name minimus presents no constant characters, beyond
its uniform inferiority in size, to separate it satisfactorily, and is
now, I believe, generally admitted to be a small local variety.
It is found in vast profusion on the alluvial deposits in the
vicinity of Whittlesea Mere, in May and June. Also in many
other parts of the kingdom both inland and on the coast.
Subfam. 3. CARABIDES, Westwood.
Genus 11. CYCHRUS, Fabricius.
Mentum dente media nullo. Ligula minuta subacuminata ; para-
glossis vix ullis. Palpi articulo ultimo fortiter securiformi.
Mandibulse elongate angustatce intus dentate. Labrum bi-
fidum. Tarsi in utroque sexu simplices.
1. C. rostratus : ater ; thorace angustato, postice transverslm im-
pressu, angulis posticis subrotundatis elevatis ; elytris ovatis
punctato-granulatis margine carinatis.
Tenebrio rostratus, Linn. F. S. 923; S.N. 2. 677.
Cychrus rostratus, Fab. S. El. 1. 165.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2.71 . —
Dej. Spec. 2. 8 ; Icon. 1. 260. pi. 28.— Steph. Mand. 1. 45,
et Manual, p. 13.— Curtis, Ent. pl.426.— Erichson, Kafer, 11.
Deep black. Head very narrow and elongate, slightly rugose-
punctate, with an elevated line on each side at the base of the
antennae, the apex of the latter ferruginous. Thorax narrow,
truncate in front, sides rounded and widest in the middle, con-
D
34 CARABID^E. CARABTJS.
tracted behind, posterior angles subrotundate and elevated, disk
finely but thickly rugose-punctate, with the usual dorsal furrow
slightly impressed, base with a deep transverse depression.
Elytra wide, ovate, very convex, the apex slightly acuminated,
having a distinct furrow on each side and the margins strongly
inflexed, the entire surface finely punctured and granulated and
marked with three obsolete interrupted lines which together with
the suture are rather more elevated ; body beneath shining black,
legs elongate. Length 8 lines.
Widely distributed and frequently abundant in sand and gravel
pits, under stones and among dead leaves in woods throughout
the kingdom.
Genus 12. CARABUS, Auctorum.
Mentum dente medio lobis lateralibus cequali. Ligula brevis,
leviter acuminata ; paraglossis coriaceis, ei contiguis, eamque
super antibus. Palpi articulo ultimo securiformi. Mandibulse
unidentata, incurva. Labruin breve, apice plerumque emar-
ginatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis quatuor dilatatis, subtus
spongiosis.
1. C. intricatus : elongatus, cyaneus ; thorace subcordato, an-
gulis posticis acuminatis ; elytris rugosis triseriatim sub-
tuberculatis.
Linn. F. S. 780.— Oliv. Ent. 3. 35. pi. 20.— Gyll. Ins. Suec.
2. 54. — Steph. Mand. 1. 47, et Manual, p. 14. — Erichson,
Kafer, 12.
C. cyaneus, Fab. Mant. 1. 195.— Fab. S. El. 1. 171.— Dej.
Spec. 2. 176 ; Icon. 2. 33. pi. 67.
Head large, black with a violet tinge, forehead rugose with a
deep impression on each side; four joints at the base of the
antennae black and glabrous, the remainder fuscous and pubes-
cent. Thorax somewhat cordate, attenuated behind, the margins
elevated and the posterior angles acuminated, disk transversely
rugose on each side the dorsal furrow, cyaneous or greenish
with the margins blackish. Elytra elongate, rather wider than
the thorax, sides dilated beyond the middle, apex obliquely
sinuated, deep violaceous, covered with rugose irregular elevated
striae, each elytron with three more distinct series of elevated
oblong tubercles of a bronze colour forming interrupted lines ;
underside of the body glossy blue-black ; legs black. Length
12-14 lines.
This grand species is very rare in this country, and appears to
be almost exclusively confined to the south-west district border-
CARABIDvE. CARABUS.
35
ing on the Forest of Dartmoor. The first specimen was captured
by Dr. Leach near Tavistock and is in the British Museum.
It was subsequently found near Holsworthy and Ashburton.
Four or five individuals were taken from under the moss and
lichens growing on the lower part of the trunks of trees in the
woods at Bickleigh Vale, Devonshire, by the Rev. Mr. Hoare of
Devonport, two of which are unfortunately lost to this country.
The only example which has occurred in the vicinity of the
metropolis, as far as I am aware, is in the collection of W. Stan-
hope Taylor, Esq., who himself found it in a stable at Croydon.
2. C. catenulatus : oblongo-ovatus, niger, thoracis limbo elytro-
rumque margine cyaneis ; elytris crenato-striatis, interstitiis
subrugosis punctisque excavatis triplici serie.
Scopoli, Ent. Cam. 86 (1763).— Fab. Ent. S. 1. 125 (1792).—
Fab. S. El. 1. 170.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 57.— Dej. Spec. 2. 68 ;
Icon. 1. 321. pi. 42.— Steph. Mand. 1. 48, et Manual, p. 14. —
Erichson, Kafer, 14.
Oblong-ovate, black, head and thorax sometimes with a violet
tinge, margins of the thorax and elytra cyaneous. Head ob-
soletely punctulated and strigose, antennae black and glabrous
at the base, the upper joints fuscous and pubescent. Thorax
cordate, the lateral margins considerably elevated and produced
behind, densely rugose-punctate, the dorsal line very slender.
Elytra oblong-ovate, much wider than the thorax, black, with
the margins bright violaceous or cyaneous, with about sixteen
elevated and interrupted lines on each, the third, seventh and
eleventh from the suture more elevated than the rest, having also
some larger remote punctures, the interstices granulated and
rather rugose; underside of the body and legs wholly black.
Length 10-12 lines.
Abundant throughout the kingdom, and in profusion on the
Welch Mountains.
3. C. monilis : oblongo-ovatus, ceneus, viridis, inter dum violaceus;
elytris elevato-trilineatis lined media magis elevatd, tuber-
culisque oblongis interruptis triplici serie alternis.
Fab. Ent. S. 1. 126.— Fab. S. El. 1. 171.— Sturm, D. F. 3. 64.
—Dej. Spec. 2. 73 ; Icon. 1. 326. pi. 43.— Steph. Mand. 1. 49,
et Manual, p. 14. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 22.
Var. ft. C. consitus, Panz. Faun. 108. 3.— Steph. Mand. 5. 371,
et Manual, p. 14.
Above green coppery or more rarely violaceous. Head rugosely
punctate with a shallow depression on each side and an elevated
D2
36 CARABID.E. — CARABTIS.
irregular ridge between it and the antennae, the four basal joints
of the latter with the mandibles and palpi black and shining,
the rest of the antennse fuscous. Thorax short, margins broadly
reflexed especially at the hinder angles which are produced, finely
granulated and rugose. Elytra oblong-ovate, narrowest in front,
margins reflexed, having three series of elevated interrupted lines
so as to present the appearance of oblong tubercles more or less
raised : between these elevated lines are three raised strise, of
which the intermediate one is most elevated and together with
the suture usually blackish, the interstices regularly punctulate
and the margins coarsely rugose and granulated ; body beneath
and legs shining black. Length 11-13 lines.
This species is pretty generally distributed. C. consitus is
only a longer and more distinctly marked variety, having the
longitudinal lines and raised tubercles on the elytra more elevated.
Purple varieties of monilis occasionally occur, but the large and
handsome purple, blue or grass-green examples of the variety /3.
so common in France, are not found in England.
4. C. arvensis : oblong o-ovatus, viridi-tzneus cupreus ; elytris
elevato-striatis, tuberculis oblongis elevatis triplici serie in-
ter'stitiisque obsolete punctatis.
Fab. Mant. 1. 196 (1787).— Fab. S. El. 1. 174.— Payk. Mon.
2l._ Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 61. — Dej. Spec. 2. 75 ; Icon. 1.3. 30.
pi. 44. — Steph. Mand. 1. 51, et Manual, p. 15. — Erichson,
Kafer, 15.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 23.
Oblong-ovate, much smaller than the preceding species ; above
greenish or brilliant reddish copper or brassy. Head as in the
preceding species. Thorax narrower, sides rounded, the margins re-
flexed and the posterior angles produced and rounded, the surface
distinctly punctured and wrinkled, having an impressed fovea on
each side at the base. Elytra oblong-ovate, rather narrowed in
front, widest behind the middle, having on each elytron a triple
series of elevated oblong tubercles, between which are three
raised strise, the middle one broadest and most conspicuous with
a few irregular punctures on it and the interstices very regularly
and faintly punctured, the margins rugose and granulated with
a row of small raised tubercles in front ; underside of body and
the legs black. Length 8-10 lines.
A very variable insect in colour; the more brilliant coppery
examples are most frequent, but occasionally individuals occur
which are entirely violaceous or very dark brassy black. It is
somewhat local, but far from uncommon in the spring on sandy
heaths in the south of England, particularly in and near the
CARABID.E. CARABUS.
37
New Forest, Hants, and at Poole, Dorset. It is found in Epping
Forest and on Wimbledon Common, and Mr. Dale has captured
it in Cumberland and Westmoreland, and Dr. Leach in the Isle
of Arran. I found a dark blue variety also on Snowdon. " Hills
near Belfast/' A. H. Haliday, Esq.
5. C. granulatus : oblonyus, subdepressus, obscure fusco-ceneus ;
thorace quadrato, angulis posticis vix productis ; elytris
elongatis, costis integris elevatis tuberculisque oblongis tri-
plici serie alternis, interstitiis subrugosis.
Linn. F. S. 781.— Miiller, Prod. Zool. Dan. 75 (1776).— Gyll.
Ins. Suec. 2. 62.— Dej. Spec. 2. 106; Icon. 1. 361. pi. 51.—
Steph. Manual, p. 14.
C. cancellatus, Fab. S. El. 1. 176.— Sturm, D. F. 3. 49.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 50.— Erichson, Kafer, 16.— Heer, Faun.
Helv. 24.
Above fuscous brassy or brassy black, sometimes greenish,
rather depressed. Head narrow, finely punctured, having on
each side an oblong impression, and an elevated fold between
that and the antennse. Thorax quadrate, rather small, with the
posterior margins elevated and the hinder angles very slightly
produced, disk rugosely punctured, base depressed and with two
fovese. Elytra oblong, sides very little widest behind, apex
slightly acuminated, each elytron with three series of elevated
oblong tubercles, and three elevated lines alternately, the inter-
stices being also finely granulated and the margins furnished
with a continuous series of small raised tubercles, and otherwise
coarsely granulated; body beneath and legs black. Length
8-10 lines.
Abundant in damp marshy places in rotten willows, on banks
of pools under refuse, &c. throughout the kingdom.
6. C. cancellatus : oblongus, fusco-aneus ; elytris costis integris
elevatis tuberculisque oblongis triplici serie alternis, inter-
stitiis subrugosis ; antennarum articulo primo rufo, femo:
ribus inter dum rufis.
111. Kafer, 1. 154.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 64.— Dej. Spec. 2. 99 ;
Icon. I. 351. pi. 49. — Steph. Manual, p. 15. — Erichson, Kafer,
15.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 23.
C. granulatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 197.— Fab. El. 1. 176.— Sturm,
D. F. 3. 42.— Steph. Mand. 1. 51. pi. 4.
This species is nearly allied to the preceding, but is usually
larger and more convex ; the thorax is more narrowed behind,
and the elytra more ovate and the colour usually brighter ; the
38 CARABID^E. CARABUS.
basal joint of the antennae is large and red and the thighs occa-
sionally red also. Length 8-10 lines.
Stephens informs us that "four examples only of this insect
have occurred in Britain ; they were taken in a chalk-pit near
Gravesend in the spring of 1826."
7. C. clathratus : oblong o-ovatus, nigro-aneus ; elytris costis
tribus integris elevatis foveisque aureis triplici serie alternis.
Linn. F. S. 782.— Fab. S. El. 1. 176.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 67.—
Sturm, D. F. 3. 102.— Dej. Spec. 2. 108 ; Icon. 1. 363. pi. 51 .—
Steph. Mand. 1. 54, et Manual, p. 15.— Erichson, Kafer, 16.—
Heer, Faun. Helv. 25.
Head black, obsoletely punctate and strigose, with an oblong
fovea and an elevated ridge on each side ; four joints at the base
of the antennae black, the rest fuscous and pubescent. Thorax
quadrate and short, rather narrowed in front, sides rounded,
margins elevated especially behind, posterior angles rounded,
disk brassy black, with a deep central furrow profoundly im-
pressed about the middle and on each side behind a deep bilobed
fovea, very finely punctulated throughout. Elytra narrowed in
front, dilated behind the middle, greenish or brownish brass or
fuscous black, with three elevated ribs, the one close to the suture
being less elevated, the interstices finely granulated, each with
a single row of deep round coppery or golden fovea?, and between
every two an oblong raised tubercle presenting the appearance
of an elevated interrupted line, the margins finely granulated
and with a continuous series of small round coppery fovese ; under
side of the body and legs shining black. Length 11-13 lines.
This insect is reported to have been taken several years ago in
Halvergate Marsh, Norfolk. It is very abundant on the coast
of Ireland and in many parts of Scotland. " Clova mountains,
Forfarshire; abundant in Mull, Hebrides, &c." Murray's Cata-
logue of Scottish Coleoptera.
8. C. auratus : oblong o-ovatus, viridis ; elytris costis tribus
elevatis, interstitiis sublcevibus ; antennarum basi, pedibus-
que rufis.
Linn. F. S. 786.— Fab. S. El. 1. 1 75.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 68.—
Sturm, D. F. 3. 33.— Dej. Spec. 2. 1 1 1 ; Icon. 1 . 367. pi. 53.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 55. pi. 3, et Manual, p. 16. — Erichson, Kafer,
17.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 25.
Head green, rather coppery in the middle, punctured and
rugose, having an oblong impression on each side; mouth,
mandibles and four joints at the base of the antennae red, tip of
the mandibles pitchy and the upper joints of the antennse fuscous.
CARABID.E. CARABUS. 39
Thorax short, truncate in front, sides rounded, contracted behind
and the posterior angles produced and rather acuminated, shining
green, with the centre and margins golden green, punctured and
transversely strigose, having an indistinct fovea on each side at
the base and a well-marked central line. Elytra oblong-ovate,
narrowed in front, apex notched and acuminated, brilliant golden
green, the suture and margins reddish copper, each elytron with
three elevated obtuse costse abbreviated before and behind, inter-
stices deeply channeled and very finely granulated, margins with
a series of deep punctures; legs red. Length 10-12 lines.
Of rare occurrence in England, though very abundant on the
French coast. It has been taken near Dover, Southampton and
Exmouth ; I have an example which was captured near Lowestoff.
It has also been found at Lough Bray in Ireland by Mr. Coulter.
9. C. nitens : ovatus, aureo-cupreus ; elytris viridibus, margine
aureis, suturd costisque tribus elevatis nigris, interstitiis
transversim rugoso-reticulatis.
Linn. F. S. 785.— Fab. S. El. 1. 177.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2./0.—
Sturm, D. F. 3. 37.— Dej. Spec. 2. 121 ; Icon. 1. 377. pi. 55.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 56, et Manual, p. 16. — Erichson, Kafer, 17.
Head and thorax more or less brilliant coppery red or greenish,
the former narrow and finely punctured. Thorax narrow in
front, sides equally rounded, posterior angles rounded and very
slightly produced, disk finely punctured throughout, the dorsal
line and basal foveae very slight. Elytra ovate, narrower in front,
silken green with the margins reddish copper, the suture and
three elevated, more or less interrupted costse on each obscurely
coppery or blackish, interstices deeply channeled and finely
rugose, somewhat reticulated; body beneath and legs black.
Length 7-8 lines.
Abundant in the south of England, in the New Forest and on
Parley Heath and near Poole ; also in Yorkshire, Durham, and in
Scotland ; and near Belfast in Ireland.
10. C. violaceus : elongatus, niger, thoracis limbo elytrorumque
margine violaceis, elytris subtiliter granulatis.
Linn. F. S. 787.— Fab. S. El. 1. 170.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 56.—
Dej. Spec. 2. 132 ; Icon. 1. 389. pi. 58.— Steph. Mand. 1. 52,
et Manual, p. 15.
C. purpurascens, Fab. S. El. 1. 170.— Steph. Mand. 1. 48, et
Manual, p. 15.
C. exasperatus, Curtis, Ent. pi. 446. — Steph. Mand. 5. 371,
et Manual, p. 15.
Head black and rugose, with a fovea on each side behind
40 CARABID^. CARABUS.
the antennae, four joints at the base of the latter black and
glabrous, the remainder fuscous and pubescent. Thorax quadrate,
slightly dilated between the anterior angles and the middle,
broadly margined behind, with the posterior angles deflexed and
produced, disk rugosely punctate, black with the lateral margins
broadly violaceous. Elytra black, convex, elongate, narrow at
the shoulders, dilated in the middle, finely granulated, some-
times the granules are united here and there so as to form slightly
elevated lines but irregularly disposed, margins broad, sub-
punctate, bright coppery or golden violet or brilliant purple ;
body beneath and legs black. Length 12 lines.
Common in gardens, in gravel-pits and on heaths and path-
ways, &c. in the spring ; very abundant in the south and midland
counties of England ; in Scotland and in Ireland.
C. purpurascens, Fab., is a variety of this insect ; and C. exas-
peratusy Dufts., has no indigenous examples to confirm it ; the
individuals published under that name and captured in the Isle
of Portland are likewise varieties of this species.
11. C. convexus : niger, limbo cyaneo.; elytris convexis, subtiliter
crenato-striatis triseriatim punctatis.
Fab.Mant. 1. 197.— Fab. S. El. 1. 1/5.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 61.
— Dej. Spec. 2. 158 ; Icon. 2. 17. pi. 63.— Steph. Mand. 1. 53.
pi. 4, et Manual, p. 15. — Erichson, Kafer, 13.
Shorter and narrower than glabratus, black with the margins
of the thorax and elytra cyaneous. Head slightly punctured
and with an impression on each side between the antennae. Thorax
nearly quadrate, very slightly narrowest behind, the basal margin
deeply notched, the posterior angles rounded, disk with a slight
dorsal line and very much punctured and rugose. Elytra short,
ovate, convex, closely striated, the striae obsoletely punctured,
with narrow elevated granulated interstices and three series of
larger impressions ; underside black and shining. Length 8 lines.
A doubtful native; there are two examples in the British
Museum; one in the collection of Mr. MacLeay and another in
that of Mr. Vigors, but the locality of none of them is known.
The Rev. A. Matthews informs me that he has an example which
was taken in Winstanley Park in Sept. 1835.
12. C. glabratus: oblong o-ov a tus, niger ; thorace tenuiter reti-
culato-rugoso ; elytris convexis, subtilissime granulatis.
Payk. Mon. 14 (1790).— Fab. Ent. S. 1. 125 (1792).— Fab. S.
El. 1. 170.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 55.— Dej. Spec. 2. 136; Icon. 1.
CARABID^E. CARABUS. 41
394. pi. 59. — Steph. Mand. 1. 52, et Manual, p. 15. — Erichson,
Kafer, 13.
Entirely black and somewhat glabrous. Head very minutely
punctured and subrugose, with a short fovea on each side behind
the antennae, which are black and glabrous at the base, and the
upper joints fuscous. Thorax subquadrate, narrowed in front,
sides regularly rounded till behind the middle, then almost
straight with the margins very broadly elevated and the posterior
angles produced, disk crowded with minute flexuous punctures
and wrinkles, appearing almost reticulated, the base and the
lateral margins depressed. Elytra oblong-ovate, very convex,
minutely granulated, the granules on the margins being larger ;
underside of body shining black, sides rugose; legs black.
Length 1 1-12 lines.
A mountain species, which is plentiful in the Highlands of
Scotland and occurs also in the north of England, in North Wales
and in Ireland. Stephens has recorded it as a remarkable fact
that the first British specimen is stated to have been captured in
Surrey, which is the only instance known of its occurrence in
the south,.
13. C. nemoralis : oblongo-ovatus nigro-&neusy thoracis limbo
elytrorumque margine cupreo-violaceis, elytris subrugosis
triseriatim foveolatis.
Miiller, Prod. Zool. Dan. 75 (1776).— 111. Kafer, 1. 152.—
Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 58.— Steph. Manual, p. 15.
C.hortensis, Fab. Mant. 1. 196(1787).— Payk. Mon.16 (1790).
— Dej. Spec. 2. 150; Icon. 2. 13. pi. 63.— Steph. Mand. 1.
53.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 27.
Head small, black, very shining, rugose in front and with a
very deep impression on each side ; four joints at the base of the
antennae black, the rest fuscous. Thorax subquadrate, margins
a little elevated, posterior angles produced, brassy black, purplish
or coppery, obsoletely punctate-rugose on the disk, more deeply
so within the margins and at the base. Elytra oblong- ovate,
fuscous brassy, coppery or bright metallic green, convex, with
three series of large punctures connected by irregular oblong
tubercles having somewhat the appearance of slightly elevated
interrupted lines, the rest of the surface densely granulated or
rugose ; body beneath with the legs black. Length 10-12 lines.
Common.
Genus 13. CALOSOMA, Weber.
Mentum dente medio acuto, lobis lateralibus breviore. Ligula
breviSj apice rotundata ciliata ; paraglossis coriaceis ei con-
42 CARABIDjE. CALOSOMA.
tiguis eamque superantibus. Palpi articulo ultimo leviter
securiformi. Mandibulse lata, edentula, striolata. Labrum
apice emarginatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis quatuor
dilatatis, subtus spongiosis.
1. C. Sycophanta : violaceum; elytris viridi-aureisy crenato-
striatis punctis impressis triplici serie.
Carabus Sycophanta, Linn. F. S. 790.— Oliv. Ent. 3. 35.
Calosoma Sycophanta, Fab. S. El. 1. 212.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2.
49.— Dej. Spec. 2. 193 ; Icon. 2. 48. pi. 70. — Steph. Hand.
1. 57, et Manual, p. 16.— Curtis, Ent. pi. 330.— Erichson,
Kafer, 18.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 32.
Head small and porrect, blue-black, rugosely punctured, with
an oblong impression on each side in front. Thorax very short,
transversely oval, very much dilated and rounded at the sides,
violaceous with the lateral margins more or less greenish,
moderately convex, the dorsal line very faint, the base with a
fovea near each hinder angle which is produced, and the whole
disk rugosely punctured. Elytra very broad, the basal angles
rounded and the apex rather acuminated, rich metallic green,
crenate-striated, with three series of large impressions on the
third, seventh and eleventh striae; underside violet-blue, finely
punctulated ; legs black. Length 1 1-1 4 lines.
In its native haunts this splendid insect inhabits woods and
forests : for an account of its habits in the pine forests of
Silesia, see ' Zoologist/ p. 900. In this country it is not truly
indigenous, and we can lay claim to it as only an occasional
visitant to our shores. It has been taken at Aldborough, South-
wold and Lowestoff, Suffolk; Yarmouth, Norfolk; at Bristol
and on the Devonshire coast ; frequently at Brighton, near Herne
Bay and Gravesend ; in the Isle of Wight ; and in Ireland. It
has been reported to have occurred in a wood near Oxford, but
on inquiry I have ascertained that the species in question was
C. inquisitor.
2. C. inquisitor : viridi cupreo-aneum ; elytris punctato-striatis
transversim rugosis punctis impressis triplici serie.
Carabus inquisitor, Linn. F. S. 789.
Calosoma inquisitor, Fab. S. El. 1. 212.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 50.
—Dej. Spec. 2. 194 ; Icon. 2. 49. pi. 70.— Steph. Mand. 1.
58, et Manual, p. 16. — Erichson, Kiifer, 18. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 32.
Head coppery with a greenish tinge, especially on the sides,
produced in front, rugosely punctate, with two oblong fovese,
CARABID7E. LEISTUS. 43
antennae black with the tips fuscous. Thorax very short, dilated
at the sides and rounded, contracted behind, coppery green, very
shining, margins more brilliantly green, thickly rugose-punctate,
margins elevated and more coarsely punctured and rugose, base
with two deep fovea?. Elytra broad, more dilated behind the
middle, coppery with the margins brilliant shining green, thickly
punctate- striated, interstices transversely strigose, with three
series of deeper impressions ; body beneath violaceous with a
greenish tinge on the sides of the abdomen, the underside of the
thorax shining green and somewhat rugose, legs black. Length
8-10 lines.
Found on oaks in Windsor and Epping Forests ; Burghfield,
Berks; White Wood, Tetworth, Camb. ; Bagley Wood, Oxon ;
New Forest ; and Powerscourt, Ireland.
Genus 14. LEISTUS, Frohlich.
Mentum dente lato, leviter emarginato. Ligula valde elongata,
acute tricuspis ; paraglossis ei multo brevioribus, apice acu-
minatis. Maxillse extus palmate-dentate. Palpi elongati,
tenues, labiales articulo secundo maxime elongato. Labrum
apice rotundatum. Tarsi antici mans articulis tribus dilatatis}
subtus dense spongiosis.
1 . L. spinibarbis : cyaneus ; thorace cordato, postice subangus-
tato ; elytris punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque rufo-
testaceis aut brunneis.
Carabus spinibarbis, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 137.— Fab. S. El. 1. 181.
Leistus spinibarbis, Dej. Spec. 2. 214 ; Icon. 2. 59. pi. 72. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 63, et Manual, p. 17.
L. cceruleus, Sturm, D. F. 3. 154.
L. niffricans, Newman, Ent. Mag. 1. 286. — Steph. Mand. 5.
373, et Manual, p. 17.
Broad and depressed, above shining cyaneous, or bluish
green ; mouth, palpi and antennse red. Thorax with the sides
dilated and rounded in front, contracted behind, with a distinct
impressed central line, the disk on each side of it smooth and
convex, the entire base together with a fovea near each hinder
angle, and the anterior margin punctured, the lateral margins
reflexed and finely punctuated. Elytra wide, oblong-ovate, apex
rounded, punctate-striated, the third stria with some larger im-
pressions; underside black, legs pitchy black, tarsi rusty red,
the legs sometimes wholly red in less mature examples and the
m argins of the thorax also pale. Length 4 lines.
A very abundant species, of which L. nigricans, as its name
imports, is a dark varietv.
44 CARABIDJE.— LEISTTJS.
2. Li. fulvibarbis : subcyaneus ; thorace cordato, postice angus-
tato ; elytris punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Dej. Spec. 2. 215 ; Icon. 2. 61. pi. 72.— Curtis, Ent. pi. 176.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 64, et Manual, p. 17.
L. Janus, Newman, Ent. Mag. 1. 286.— Steph. Mand. 5. 373,
et Manual, p. 18.
L.indentatus, Newman, Ent. Mag. 1 . 286.— Steph. Mand. 5. 373,
et Manual, p. 18.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 33.
This species is considerably smaller than the preceding ; it is
usually pitchy black with a more or less cyaneous tinge, antennae
and mouth red. Thorax proportionally more dilated and rounded
at the sides, and shorter, with the lateral margins less elevated,
and the posterior angles more prominent. Elytra distinctly punc-
tate-striated, with some larger impressions on the third stria
from the suture as in spinibarbis ; legs entirely red. Length
3-31 lines.
It is found in immense profusion in marshy places in spring
and autumn. L. Janus is an immature example of this insect,
to which also L. indent atus must be referred.
3. I*, montanus : " c&ruleus, thoracis margine later all ore
antennis pedibusque rufis."
Steph. Mand. 1. 64. pi. 4, et Manual, p. 18.
" Similar to the preceding (fulvibarbis}, but known at once
by its more elongated structure, and especially by the form of
the thorax (PL I. f. 5) ; the upper surface is fine blue tinted
with greenish on the head and thorax; the head is narrower
and the eyes are less prominent than in L. fulvibarbis ; the
thorax is narrower, more depressed and elongated, it is divided
by an impressed longitudinal line, the disk on each side being
smooth, in front of the impression is a triangular space thickly
sprinkled with impressed dots and a similar space covered with
impressed dots behind, the margin is also punctated and the
sides are rufo-ferruginous ; the elytra are blue, with eight striae
composed of impressed dots, and in the specimens which I have
examined they are destitute of any impressions between the
third and fourth strise ; the mouth, antennae and legs are rufo-
ferruginous, the latter dusky at the tips of the femora ; beneath
pitchy blue, with the pleurae and sides of the abdomen deeply
punctate. Length 3| lines/" — Mr. Stephens.
First taken by Messrs. Dale and Curtis on Skiddaw ; and
subsequently by Mr. Marshall. It has also occurred on other
CARABIDJE. — LEISTUS. 45
mountains in the north of England, and in Scotland and Wales.
It has been taken on Croagh Patrick in Ireland by Mr. Walker;
and on Mangerton and Carran Tual, the highest peak in that
island, by Mr. Haliday.
4. L. ferruginous : rufo-ferrugineus ; thorace brevi, cordato,
postice coarctato ; elytris oblongo-ovatis,punctato-striatis ;
antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Carabus ferruyineus, Linn. S. N. 2. 672.
C. spinilabris, Fab. S. El. 1. 204.
Leistus spinilabris, Dej. Spec. 2. 217 ; Icon. 2. 64. pi. 73. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 65, et Manual, p. 18.
Carabus rufescens, Payk. Mon. 58. — Duft. Faun. 2. 53.
Leistus rufescens, var., Sturm, D. F. 3. 158.
Entirely ferruginous. Thorax very short, and much dilated
and rounded at the sides before the middle, thence suddenly
and considerably contracted behind, posterior angles right angles,
disk very convex, smooth and shining, the anterior and posterior
margins thickly punctured. Elytra oblong-ovate, much narrowed
in front and the angles rounded, dilated behind the middle,
punctate-striated ; body beneath pitchy red or ferruginous
according to maturity, thorax and sides of the breast thickly
punctured. Length 3 lines.
In profusion in marshy localities and generally distributed.
In the Linnsean Collection this insect is labelled "ferrugineus"
with the label to that effect attached to the pin.
5. L. rufescens : rufo-ferrugineus, vertice elytrorumque apice
nigris; thorace cordato, postice coarctato ; elytris punct at o-
striatis, antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Carabus rufescens, Fab. Mant. 1. 204 (1787).— Fab. S. El. I.
205.— (var. /3.) Payk. Mon. 58 (1790).
Leistus rufescens (var. b.), Sturm, D. F. 3. 158. — Steph. Mand.
1. 65, et Manual, p. 18.
Carabus prceustus, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 162 (1792).
Leistus terminatus, Dej. Spec. 2. 218; Icon. 2. 65. pi. 73.
Head brownish black j mouth, palpi and antennae testaceous.
Thorax ferruginous red, convex, sides very much dilated and
rounded, narrowed behind, posterior angles obtuse. Elytra
oblong-ovate, narrowed in front, the apex more rounded, ferru-
ginous red, with the tip occasionally brownish black ; abdomen
brownish black, legs pale testaceous. Length 3^ lines.
46 CARABID;E. — NEBRIA.
Widely distributed, but rather local. " Darenth and Coombe
Woods ; " Midland Counties ; more abundant .in the North ;
Midgley Moor ; " Castle Eden Dene ; Long Benton ; South
Shields ; " and on the moors near Llangollen in Wales, in the
spring and autumn.
Genus 15. NEBRIA, Latreille.
Mentum dente medio parvo bifido. Ligula apice subacuminata,
paraglossis ei contiguis, eamque vix super antibus. Palpi
articulo ultimo cylindrico. Labrum apice truncatum, vel
obsolete sinuatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus sub-
dilatatis, subtus par dm spongiosis.
1 . N. complanata : pallide flavescens ; elytris punctato-striatis,
fasciis duabus abbreviatis undatis nigris.
Carabus complanatus, Linn. S. N. 2. 671.
Nebria complanata, Steph. Mand. 1. 59, et Manual, p. 16.
Carabus arenarius, Fab. S. El. 1. 179.
Nebria arenaria, Dej. Spec. 2. 223 ; Icon. 2. 73. pi. 74.
Broad and entirely pale ochreous yellow, with the inside of
the mandibles and two irregular transverse bands on the elytra
formed of elongate streaks more or less confluent together
with the suture in front black or brownish black. Head very
finely striated longitudinally on each side between the eyes.
Thorax broad and short, the anterior margin forming in the
middle a small obtuse angle, and the anterior angles also pro-
duced, sides widest about the middle, rather narrowed behind,
posterior angles acute, sides broadly margined, disk strigose with
a faint dorsal line and a transverse impression before and behind,
and two obscure fovese at the base. Elytra oblong, shoulders
rounded, sides almost parallel, apex rounded, disk rather de-
pressed, punctate- striated, margins punctured; the bands on the
elytra are sometimes entirely effaced and occasionally only a
small black dot is left, but the latter variety is said to be more
common in France, where the insect is better known under the
Fabrician name arenaria. Length 8-9| lines.
This species is very abundant on sandy coasts in the west of
England; at Swansea; Barnstaple; Bideford; Weston-super-
Mare; and on the Lincolnshire coast. "A single specimen
(half-dead) was found on the Arklow sands by Mr. Furlong."
A. H. Haliday, Esq.
CARABID.E. NEBRTA. 47
2. N. livida : nigra, thoracis media elytrorum limbo late antennis
pedibusque pallide testaceis.
Carabus lividus, Linn. S. N. 2. 670.
Nebria livida, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 38.
Carabus sabulosus, Fab. S. El. 1. 179.
Nebria sabulosa, Dej. Spec. 2. 224 ; Icon. 2. 74. pi. 74.
Var. /3. elytrorum limbo anguste pallidoyfemoribus interdum infus-
catis. Illiger.
Carabus laterals, Fab. S. El. 1. 180.
Nebria lateralis, Dej. Spec. 2. 225.
N. livida (var. b.), Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 38.
N. livida, Curtis, Ent. pi. 6. — Steph. Mand. 1. 60, et Manual,
p. 16.
This species is smaller, narrower and more elongate than
complanata. Head obscurely black, with a depression in the
centre, and a rough shallow fovea on each side between the
eyes; mouth, palpi and antennae pale testaceous. Thorax
testaceous, with the anterior margin and the base brownish
black and broadly depressed, the width much greater than the
length, the sides dilated and rounded at the middle, and the
anterior angles rather produced, much narrowed behind, poste-
rior angles obtuse but rather elevated, the lateral margins
broadly reflexed and punctured, disk with a short central line
terminating before and behind in the transverse depressions
above mentioned, base with two fovese. Elytra oblong, depressed,
rounded at the shoulders, sides almost straight, brownish black
with the margins pale testaceous, punctate-striated ; underside
obscure black, sides of the head transversely strigose beneath
the eyes, sides of the thorax testaceous, finely rugose-punctate,
sides of the abdomen coarsely punctured, .apex testaceous, legs
pale testaceous. Length 7-8 lines.
British examples of this species must be referred to the variety
lateralis as they present the true characters of the Fabrician
insect, having the yellow margins of the elytra considerably
narrower than in the typical livida. The insect is local, but
may be taken abundantly near Bridlington and Scarborough,
by splitting open the crevices in the mud cliffs all along the
shore.
(HELOBIA, Leach.}
3. N. brevicollis : nigra, subdepressa, elytris crenato-striatis,
stria tertid quadripunctatd ; antennis tibiis tarsisque rufo-
piceis.
48 CARABID.E. — NEBRIA.
Carabus brevicollis, Fab. S. El. 1. 191.
Nebria brevicollis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 39.— Sturm, D. F. 3. 140.
— Dej. Spec. 2. 233 ; Icon. 2. 82. pi. 76.
Helobia brevicollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 61, et Manual, p. 17.
H. lata, Newman, Ent. Mag. 1. 284. — Steph. Mand. 5. 372,
et Manual, p. 16.
H.varicornis, Newman, Ent. Mag. 1.285.— Steph. Mand. 5.372,
et Manual, p. 1 7.
Rather depressed, black or pitchy black, sometimes iridescent;
antennae red, and in less frequent examples with three or four
joints near the base dusky. Thorax short, its sides dilated and
rounded below the anterior angles and narrowed behind, broadly
margined, all the margins coarsely punctured. Elytra depressed,
shoulders a little rounded, sides nearly parallel, crenate-striated,
interstices flat, the third stria with three or four larger punctures;
underside black, head wrinkled, thorax finely, breast coarsely
punctured ; legs red, femora sometimes pitchy black. Length
4|~6 lines.
H. lata and varicornis are not distinct from this extremely
abundant and widely distributed species.
4. N. nivalis : nigra, subdepressa ; elytris striatis, striis sub-
punctatis, punctis quatuor impressis ; antennis tibiis tarsis-
que rufo-piceis.
Carabus nivalis, Payk. Mon. 52. — Payk. Faun. 1. 119.
Nebria nivalis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 41.— Dej. Spec. 2. 237;
Icon. 2. 86. pi. 76. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 36.
Helobia nivalis, Steph. Manual, p. 17.
H. Gyllenhallii, Curtis, Ent. pi. 103.— Steph. Mand. 1. 62.
H. ^thiops, Steph. Mand. 1. 179, et Manual, p. 17.
H. Marshallana, Steph. Mand. 1. 61, et Manual, p. 17.
This species is smaller than brevicollis', beneath it is black,
smooth and shining, with the thorax and sides of the breast very
faintly punctured; above it is black or pitchy black, with the
elytra sometimes reddish. Head with a shallow impression
on the crown, and two obsolete fovese between the antennae;
mouth, palpi and antennae black, or pitchy black. Thorax very
short, anterior angles produced, sides dilated and rounded at the
middle, contracted behind, with broadly reflexed margins, the
posterior angles acute and prominent, disk moderately convex,
with a short central line terminating before and behind in a
transverse depression coarsely punctured, base with two fovere
and disk otherwise obsoletely wrinkled. Elytra oblong, the
shoulders narrower and more rounded than in brevicollis , sides
very slightly widest behind the middle, apex obliquely sinuated,
CARABIDyE. — NEBRIA. 49
rather depressed, regularly striated, the striae very finely punc-
tured, with three or four larger impressions next the third stria
between it and the second from the suture, and an irregular
series (more or less deficient) on the marginal interstice touching
the marginal stria ; legs pitchy black, or entirely black, some-
times wholly red, or the femora red with their tips black.
Length 4^ lines.
This species is found in great profusion on the Welsh moun-
tains, as well as in Cumberland and the southern parts of
Scotland, and in Ireland. I have examined hundreds of
specimens which present every degree of variety that can be
desired, to resolve into one species the insects recorded as distinct
under the names Marshallana, Gyllenhallii, &c. H. dEthiops is
a broader and darker variety. There is another (very common
on Snowdon) not noticed, with the body black and the legs
entirely red.
(PELOPHILA, Dejean.)
5. N. borealis : obscure cenea ; elytris striatis, foveis majoribus
rotundatis duplici serie impressis.
Gambits borealis, Payk. Mon. 51 (1790).— Oliv. Ent. 3. 35.
—Fab. S. El. 1. 182.
Nebria borealis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 42.
Pelophila borealis, Dej. Spec. 2. 263 ; Icon. 2. 117. pi. 84.—
Curtis, Ent. pi. 302.— Steph. Hand. 5. 390, et Manual, p. 61.
Head brassy black, with a shallow subrugose fovea on each
side near the eyes; palpi and antennae black. Thorax very
short, anterior margin slightly sinuated and produced in the
centre and at the angles, sides dilated and rounded before the
middle, narrowed behind, broadly margined and the margins
elevated, base truncate, hinder angles acute, glossy black, with
a slight dorsal furrow, the anterior margin and the base thickly
punctured and deeply depressed, the latter with two large fovese.
Elytra oblong-ovate, twice as wide as the base of the thorax,
sides slightly rounded, the apex obliquely sinuated and a little
acuminated, brassy black or brownish brass, obsoletely punctate-
striated, the striae on the sides being nearly obliterated, the
third interstice with four or five large impressions, and the fifth
with two or three others; underside of the body black, legs
sometimes wholly black, sometimes ferruginous, with the tip of
the femora, tibiae and joints of the tarsi dusky. Length 4-6
lines.
This species was originally captured on the sandy shores of
Loch Neagh in Ireland, and has also been taken at Killarney
50 CARABID^E. ELAPHRTTS.
and elsewhere. It is found in the Orkney Isles as well as in the
west of Scotland, but the Irish examples are larger and more
metallic than those found in Scotland.
Genus 16. ELAPHRUS, Fabricius.
Men turn dente media bifido. Ligula obtuse rotundata, paraglossis
apice liberis, angustis, linearibus, ligulam superantibus. Palpi
articulo ultimo subovato, truncato. Mandibulse inermes.
Labrum truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis quatuor
leviter dilatatis, subtus apice spongiosis.
* Prothorax truncato-cordatus, convexus.
1. E. uliginosus : viridi-aneus, punctatissimus ; thorace capite
latiore, fronte thoraceque foveolatis ; elytris costis elevatis
interrupts maculisque ocellatis violaceis quadruplici serie
impressis.
Fab. S. El. 1. 245.— Dej. Spec. 2. 269 ; Icon. 2. 126. pi. 85.
— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 398.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 131.— Curtis, Ent.
pi. 179. — Steph. Hand. 2. 33, et Manual, p. 60.— Erichson,
Kafer, 5.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 40.
This species is abundantly distinct from the following ; above
it is brassy green. Head brilliant coppery green, finely and
densely punctured, with a transverse ridge extending quite
across between the antennae, a shallow fovea on each side behind
it, and a small impression on the crown. Thorax rather nar-
rowed in front, sides much dilated and rounded in the middle, then
suddenly narrowed, but with the posterior angles rectangular or
very slightly prominent, the entire surface very minutely and
densely punctured, with a large round deeply impressed fovea
before the middle, and a smaller one on each side of it a little
behind, and two others smaller than those below them, the
large impressed fovea being continued, but rather shallow towards
the base, before reaching which it becomes somewhat deeper
and terminates in a small raised tubercle, also close to each
posterior angle there is a deep large fovea, all these markings
are much more distinct than in cupreus, and the fine punctua-
tion that covers the entire surface is perfectly distinct and not
at all confluent as it is in the allied species. Elytra ovate,
very little widest behind the middle, finely punctate, each
with three series of round ocellated impressions, and between
every two of these impressions is an oblong, raised, smooth,
shining tubercle, the interstices between these series of impres-
sions and tubercles being formed of somewhat irregular raised
CARABID^I. ELAPHRUS. 51
costse, on the margin there is a fourth series of round impressions
but without any raised tubercles between them ; the body beneath
is shining green, underside of the thorax and sides of the breast
punctured ; femora brassy green, tibiae and tarsi obscure black.
Length 3|—4 lines.
Found at Whittlesea Mere and in the Cambridgeshne fens.
" Coombe Wood ; Swansea ; Fyfield, Hants ; and Devonshire."
Mr. Stephens. " In peat pits at Weston on the Green." Rev.
A. Matthews.
2. E. cupreus : obscure-aneus, punctatissimus ; thorace capitis
latitudine, fronte thoraceque leviter foveolatis ; elytris
maculis ocellatis quadruplid serie impressis.
Dufts. Faun. 2. 194.— Dej. Spec. 2. 271 ; Icon. 2. 127. pi. 85.
— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 398.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 130.— Steph.
Mand. 2. 34, et Manual, p. 61. — Erichson, Kafer, 5.— Heer,
Faun. Helv. 40.
E. uliginosus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 6.
This insect is brownish brass above, with somewhat of a
purplish tinge on the elytra. Head very densely punctured, and
with a transverse curved line in front, a shallow fovea on each
side before the eyes and another behind them, and also a faint
impression on the crown, but all these impressions are consider-
ably less distinct than in uliginosus. Thorax wider in front than
in that species, but the sides not nearly so much dilated in the
middle, nor more narrowed at the base than in front, posterior
angles acute and prominent, the surface more distinctly punc-
tured, and the punctures somewhat confluent, the fovese after
the manner of the preceding, but much more indistinct and the
largest bifid before it reaches the base, the two ends continued
to the margin and forming a triangular space between them.
Elytra ovate, sides rather widest behind the middle, the markings
somewhat after the same manner, but the raised costse very much
interrupted and obsolete, or entirely wanting ; underside of the
body and the femora brassy green, tibiae testaceous, tarsi cya-
neous and shining. Length 3| lines.
A very common and abundant species in marshes and damp
woods; less frequent in Scotland. It is included also among
the Irish Carabida.
3. E. Lapponicus : oblongus, cupreo-ceneus ; capite thoraceque
subfoveolatis ; elytris pares punctatis maculis ocellatis
obsoletis quadruplid serie impressis.
E 2
52 CARABID^E. ELAPHRUS.
Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 8.— Dej. Spec. 2. 273 ; Icon. 2. 131. pi. 8G.
— Curtis, Ent. Mag. 1. 38.— Steph. Mand. 5. 390, et Manual,
p. 61.
Above brassy green, or coppery red, more or less shining.
Head and thorax coarsely punctured, the former with a transverse
line in front, but with the fovese obsolete or scarcely perceptible.
Thorax rather narrow, sides rounded at the middle and mode-
rately contracted behind, posterior angles right angles, thickly
and deeply punctured, with a short dorsal furrow which is bifid
in front, and with a shallow fovea near each hinder angle.
Elytra oblong- ovate, more elongate than either of the preceding,
with the shoulders narrowed and rounded, the sides rather
widest about the middle, disk with a few minute scattered
punctures, and four rows of obscure ocellated round fovese, and
sometimes between those of the series next the suture there are
three or four raised oblong shining spaces, but oftener deficient,
these and the spaces between the fovese, as well as the intervals
between the rows, being equally without elevations; body beneath
greenish or purplish copper, with the head, thorax, sides of the
breast, and femora punctured. Length 4^ lines.
" Taken on Catlaw and Clova mountains in Forfarshire " by
Sir C. Lyell ; and at St. Kilda by Mr. J. M'Gillivray.
4. E. riparius : viridi-tsneus, punctatissimus ; elytris maculis
ocellatis quadruplici serie impressis.
Cicindela riparia, Linn. F. S. 749; S. N. 2. 658.
Elaphrus riparius, Fab. Mant. 1. 187; S. El. 1. 245. — Gyll.
Ins. Suec. 2. 9.— Sturm, D. F. 7. 133. — Dej. Spec. 2. 274 ;
Icon. 2. 132. pi. 86.— Steph. Mand. 2. 35, et Manual, p. 61.
— Erichson, Kafer, 5. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 40.
Head coppery or brassy green, very densely and minutely
punctured, without fovese; antennse greenish at the base, the
upper joints fuscous black and pubescent. Thorax narrowed be-
fore and behind, sides rounded and dilated in the middle, brown-
ish brassy, very minutely and densely punctured, with a dorsal
line bifid in front, and an oblong fovea near each hinder angle.
Elytra broad, dilated behind the middle, densely and minutely
punctured, brownish brassy, with four rows of round ocellated
fovese; femora and tarsi green, tibise testaceous. Length 3 lines.
Abundant at Whittlesea Mere; common in damp marshy
places near London ; Carlisle ; in Suffolk, &c. ; found also in
Ireland and in Scotland.
CARABIDJS. ELAPHRUS. 53
** Prothorax subquadratus, planiusculus.
(BLETHISA, Bonelli.)
5 . £1. multipunctatus : obscure emeus, limbo mrescente, elytris
punctato-striatis foveis magnis duplici serie impressis.
Carabus multipunctatus y Linn. F. S. 805.— Fab. S. El. 1. 182.
Nebria multipunctata, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 44.
Blethisa multipunctata, Dej. Spec. 2. 266 ; Icon. 2. 121. pi. 84.
—Sturm, D. F. 7. 124.— Steph. Maud. 2. 36, et Manual,
p. 61.— Curtis, Ent. pi. 326.
Elaphrus multipunctatus ', Erichson, Kafer, 6. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 41.
Brownish, or greenish brass. Head rather coppery in front,
with a deep fovea on each side near the eyes, and behind these
a transverse impression, the hinder part of the head finely and
sparingly punctured. Thorax subquadrate, shortish, sides rather
widest in the middle, broadly margined and the margins reflexed
and punctured, rather narrowed behind, but with the base still
broad and the posterior angles acute, the disk convex, with the
dorsal furrow terminated before and behind by a transverse punc-
tured depression, the base having also a deeply punctate impressed
fovea on each side and an elevated fold externally running into the
angle itself. Elytra broadly ovate, sides somewhat straight, disk
convex, margins greenish, finely and irregularly punctate-striated,
the interstices forming irregularly elevated ribs, the third inter-
rupted with four or five, and the fifth with three or four large round
deeply impressed shining brassy foveee ; body beneath coppery
or greenish brass, sides of the thorax rugosely punctured, legs
brassy black. Length 5^ lines.
Common at Whittlesea Mere and in the Cambridgeshire
fens ; also near Sudbury, Suffolk ; in Essex ; near Carlisle, &c. ;
less frequent in Scotland ; it is included also in Mr. Haliday^s
list of the Irish Coleoptera.
Genus 17. NOTIOPHILUS, Dumeril.
Mentum dente medio nullo. Ligula lata, apice acuminata ; para-
glossis apice liberis, angustis, linearibus, ligulam mx superan-
tibus. Palpi articulo ultimo subovato, truncato. Mandibula?
inermes. Labrum apice rotundatum. Tarsi antici marts
articulis tribus vix dilatatis, subtus dense spongiosis.
54 CARABID^E. NOTIOPHILUS.
1 . N. aquaticus : ceneus, nitidus ; thoracis limbo punctato, late-
ribus obliquis parum rotundatis ; elytris extus striatis,
striis punctatis apice evanescentibus ; antennis pedibusque
totis nigris.
Cicindela aquatica, Linn. F. S. 752.
Elaphrus aquaticus, Fab. S. El. 1. 246. — Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 399.
Notiophilus aquaticus, Dej. Spec. 2. 277; Icon. 2. 136. pi. 87.
— Sturm,D.F. 7. 142.— Steph. Mand. 2. 32, et Manual, p. 60.
N. Newmanii, Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 205.
N. metallicusy Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 203.
Above brassy, more rarely blue-black. Head deeply striated
and carinated in front, smooth behind; palpi and antennae
black, basal joints of the latter red beneath. Thorax broadest
in front with the anterior margin produced in the middle so as
to form a small projecting point or angle, the sides obliquely
narrowed and only slightly rounded, a little sinuated behind
(PL I. f. 6) and curved outwards so as to form the basal angle,
the basal margin slightly excavated in the middle, the disk with
the dorsal furrow terminating behind in a triangular punctured
depression, the base with two fovese and all the margins strongly
punctured, leaving a smooth space in the middle on each side
the central furrow. Elytra oblong, much wider than the thorax,
not contracted in front, but with the shoulders merely a little
rounded, sides somewhat parallel, apex rounded, each elytron
with one punctured stria next the suture, the punctures of
which disappear before the apex, but the stria itself is carried
to the extremity, then a wide longitudinal polished space, then
seven other punctured strise, the marginal one finer and more
remote from the other six, all which disappear or become obsolete
before the extremity, across the third and fourth strise there is
also a single deep impression ; underside of the body and legs
bronzed black, tibise sometimes testaceous externally. Length
2^ lines.
LTpon examination of the examples of N. Newmanii and
metallicus lent to me by Mr. Waterhouse, I refer them to this
common species.
2. N. palustris : ceneus nitidus ; thoracis limbo punctato, la,te-
ribus rotundatis ; elytris extus striatis, striis punctatis
apicem versus evanescentibus; antennis basi, tibiisque
testaceis.
Elaphrus palustris, Dufts. Faun. 2. 192.
Notiophilus palustris, Sturm, D. F. 7. 144. — Erichson, Kafer, /.
N. tibialis, Steph. Mand. 5. 388, et Manual, p. 60.
N. brevis, brevicollis et latwr, Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 206.
CARABID^. NOTIOPHILUS. 55
This insect is apparently distinct from the preceding, though
Gyllenhall and Dejean have united them. It is shorter and
narrower, the head like it is deeply striated and carinated in
front, but usually, though not always, finely punctured behind
the eyes ; the antennae have three joints at the base entirely
testaceous ; the thorax is considerably shorter, with the project-
ing angle in the centre of the anterior margin rather more
prominent, the sides are more rounded in front and more con-
tracted behind (PL I. f. 7), the lateral margins and base less
depressed; the elytra are shorter and very distinctly narrowed
in front and the sides more rounded; the legs are bronzed
black, but with the tibise entirely testaceous. Length 2 lines.
N. breviSj latior and brevicoltis, Waterhouse, as well as tibialis,
Stephens, are identical with this very common insect.
3. N. rufipes : cupreo-ceneus, nitidus ; thoracis limbo punctato ;
elytris apice flavescentibus, extus profunde punctato-
striatis ; antennis pedibusque ferrugineis.
Curtis, Ent. pi. 254.— Steph. Mand. 2. 190, et Manual, p. 60.
" Cupreous, shining. Head as broad as the elytra, punctured
at the base, nasus and crown with deep longitudinal furrows.
Thorax transverse, scarcely so broad as the head before, and
narrower than the elytra behind, coarsely punctured, smooth
only on the disk, in the centre of which is a deep impression as
well as one at each of the posterior angles. Elytra very smooth,
slightly ochreous at the tips, with a few punctures round the
scutellum and a faint row down each side of the suture, six
deeply punctured strise close together towards the external
margin which is smooth, between the second and third stria?
before the middle is a fovea, and another near the apex ; antennae
and legs pale ferruginous, the former fuscous towards their
apex." Length 2^ lines.
A single example of this insect was captured by Mr. Heysham
near Carlisle, many years ago, and described by Mr. Curtis, as
above quoted, in his ' British Entomology/ but that specimen
is now lost. However, I have seen two individuals in Mr. Water-
house's collection, which correspond acurately with the above
description. The insect is the more remarkable as being the
only European species of this genus with legs entirely red.
4. N. semipunctatus : ceneus, nitidus ; thorace punctato disco
sublcevi ; elytris extus punctato -striatis striis integris ;
antennis basi tibiisquc in medio testaceis.
56
CARABID^E. NOTIOPHILUS.
Var. a. elytris apice immaculatis.
Elaphrussemipunctatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 188. — Fab. S. El. 1. 246.
Var. /3. elytris apicejlavescentibus.
E. Uguttatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 188. — Fab. S. El. 1.247. — Gyll.
Ins. Suec. 4. 399.
Notiophilus biguttatus, Dej. Spec. 2. 279; Icon. 2. 137. pi. 87.
— Steph. Maud. 2. 33, et Manual, p. 60.— Heer, Faun.
Helv. 42.
N. palustris, Steph. Mand. 5. 389.
N. latus et striatus, Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 209.
Var. y. angustior, elytris subtiliter punctato-striatis.
N. nitidus, Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 203.
N. biguttatus, Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 210.
N. substriatus, Waterhouse, Ent. Mag. 1. 211.
This species is more depressed and parallel than either of the
preceding : it is very brilliant shining (usually brownish) brass
above. Head finely striated in front, some of the joints at the
base of the antennae more or less testaceous. Thorax short,
wide, with the usual prominent angle in the centre of the ante-
rior margin, sides very slightly rounded immediately below
the angles, then obliquely sloped towards the base, which is
broader than in any of the foregoing species (PL I. f. 8), the
disk depressed, more or less thickly but finely punctured
throughout, having (in some examples) a small subpunctate or
strigose space on each side the dorsal furrow about the middle,
a deep fovea near each posterior angle, and all the margins more
deeply punctured than the rest of the disk. Elytra broad, sides
parallel, with a very finely punctured stria next the suture,
which gives place at the extremity to a deep smooth stria, then
a broad, highly polished, smooth space, then six entire punctured
striae, the one next the polished space being flexuous near the
extremity and united to the sutural one at the tip, while more
distant from these six, and close to the margin, is a short one at
the base, and between the third and fourth striae is a deep
impression about the middle, and a smaller one at the apex ;
the tibiae are sometimes entirely testaceous, sometimes pale only
in the middle. Length 2^ lines.
The variety of this species with the apex of the elytra imma-
culate appears to have been described by Fabricius first under
the name semipunctatus, and he subsequently described the
var. /3, which is apparently the type (being far most abundant),
as biguttatus, with which palustris, Steph. (not Dufts.) and latus
and striatus, Waterhouse, perfectly agree. The variety 7. is
smaller, narrower, and most minutely punctured, and the punc-
tured striae sometimes become very obsolete, or are entirely
CARABID^E. NOTIOPHILUS. 57
obliterated before the extremity. The insects described by
Mr. Waterhouse under the names biguttatus, substriatus, and
nitidus appear to be smaller, narrower, and more obscure indi-
viduals of this variety.
The var. a. is uncommon.
The var. /3. is generally distributed and common.
The var. 7. is of occasional occurrence ; I once took it rather
plentifully on the sand-hills at Deal, all the specimens being
uniformly similar in form and sculpture.
5. N. 4-punctatus : emeus, nitidus; elytris profunde punctato-
striatis apice flavescentibus punctis duobus impressis.
Dej. Spec. 2.280; Icon. 2. 138. pi. 87.— Steph. Mand. 2. 190,
et Manual, p. 60.
Above brilliant shining brass. Head finely striated in front,
basal joints of the antennae testaceous. Thorax broad, with a
projecting angle in the centre of the anterior margin, and with
the sides obliquely sloped as in the preceding species, all the
margins thickly punctured, and with a shining more distinct
space on each side the dorsal furrow, a little strigose or faintly
wrinkled. Elytra broader than the thorax, with the shoulders a
little rounded, but not contracted in front, sides rather parallel,
each elytron with a fine punctured stria next the suture termina-
ting in a smooth stria at the tip, then a very broad highly
polished longitudinal space, and then seven other punctured
striae, the two next the polished space being disposed together
rather more distant from the others, and the marginal or outer one
still more remote, between the third and fourth striae are two
deep impressions, and a small one at the apex ; tibiae testaceous
and the extremity of the wing-cases also more or less pale.
Length 2^ lines.
Of rare occurrence, and probably only an uncommon variety
of the preceding.
Subfam. 4. HARPALIDES, Westwood.
Genus 18. LORICERA, Latreille.
Mentum dente media obtuso. Ligula apice subacuminata ; para-
glossis coriaceis, earn hand superantibus. Maxillae extus
dentatce. Palpi articulo ultimo subovato. Mandibulae breves,
interne basi crenulata. Labrum apice rotundatwn. Tarsi
antici maris articulis tribus valde dilatatis, subtus dense
spongiosis.
58 CARABID^E. LORICERA.
1. L. pilicornis : viridi-anea, nitida ; elytris crebre punctato-
striatis, foveis tribus disci impressis; antennis basi articulis
sex nodosis setis prselongis ornatis ; tibiis tarsisque tes-
taceis.
Car abus pilicornis, Fab. Mant, 1. 200. — Fab. S. El. 1. 193. —
Payk. Mon. 78.
Loricera pilicornis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 45. — Sturm, D. F. 3. 165.
— Dej. Spec. 2. 293; Icon. 2. 155. pl.89.— Steph. Mand.1.69,
et Manual, p. 22.— Erichson, Kafer, 21 . — Heer, Faun.Helv.43.
Above greenisb brass, very shining. Head short, wide, having
two rough impressions between the eyes, connected by a curved
transverse stria, crown depressed ; eyes globose and prominent ;
antennae fuscous black, first joint long and stout with its base
reddish, second, third and fourth nodose and together with
the fifth and sixth set with long rigid hairs; mandibles and
palpi red. Thorax subcordate, truncate before and behind,
sides considerably rounded in front and suddenly contracted
behind the middle, posterior angles obtuse, disk moderately
convex, with a deep dorsal furrow, the base and lateral margins
behind punctured, having on each side a deeply impressed fovea.
Elytra oblong-ovate, distinctly margined and with the apex
rather acuminated, each with twelve closely disposed strife com-
posed of fine regular punctures, on the third and fourth striae
are three impressed fovese, placed one before the middle, another
about the middle, and a third about midway between that and
the apex ; underside shining black, femora greenish brass, tibia?
and tarsi testaceous. Length 3 lines.
Common.
Genus 19. PANAG-ffiUS, Latreille.
Mentum dente media bifido. Ligula minuta, apice truncata ;
paraglossis vix ullis. Palpi articulo ultimo fortiter securi-
formi, maxillares articulo secundo elongato. Mandibulse
breves, arcuatte. Labrum truncatum, breve, transversum.
Tarsi aritici mar is articulis duobus dilatatis, subtus dense
spongiosis.
1. P. crux-major: niger, pubescens ; elytris punctato-striatis,
rufis, basi cruce communi apiceque nigris.
Carabus crux-major, Linn. F. S. 808. — Fab. S. El. 1. 202.
Panagceus crux, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 78.
P. crux-major, Sturm, D. F. 3. 170.— Dej. Spec. 2. 286 ; Icon.
2. 148. pi. 88.— Steph. Mand. 1. 71, et Manual, p. 22.—
Erichson, Kafer, 20,— Ileer, Faun. Helv. 43.
CARABID^E. PANAGJ2US. 59
Black,, pubescent. Head small, with an impression on each
side in front; eyes very globose and prominent; palpi large,
black, pilose ; antennae black, pubescent. Thorax very globose,
truncate in front, sides slightly margined, posterior angles
rounded, disk very rugosely punctate, set with erect hairs, having
an impression near each hinder angle. Elytra ovate, rounded
at the apex, convex, deeply punctate-striated, densely pubescent,
red, with a black patch surrounding the scutellum, the suture
and an irregular broad transverse fascia across the middle, black,
and forming a cross, the apex also with a black spot ; body
beneath deeply punctured, and together with the legs black and
pubescent. Length 3£ lines.
Locally abundant in the fenny districts of Cambridgeshire
and Huntingdonshire, at the roots of trees and among refuse in
damp places. Also at Lawrence Waltham, Berks ; Cobham,
Norwood and ShooterVhill, near London.
2, P. quadripustulatus : niger, pubescens ; thorace longiore ;
elytris punctato-striatis, rufis, basi cruce communi limbo
postico apiceque nigris.
Sturm, D. F. 3. 1 72.— Dej. Spec. 2. 288 ; Icon. 2. 150. pi. 88.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 70, et Manual, p. 22. — Erichson, Kafer, 21.
This species resembles the preceding, but is smaller, narrower,
and otherwise sufficiently distinct. Thorax more orbicular,
smaller, proportionally longer and more narrowed behind, with
the basal impressions less distinctly marked. Elytra more
convex, more narrowed in front and the angles more rounded,
the rufous colour generally of a deeper shade, the posterior red
spot is always round (and not angular like the corresponding one
in crux-major), and does not touch the outer margin, so that the
entire limb is narrowly black. Length 3 lines.
It is apparently a less common species than the preceding.
The first British specimen was taken in May 1812, in a gravel-
pit in Coombe Wood, and the species has frequently been found
since in the same locality. It has usually been considered an
insect of solitary habits, but has on two occasions been taken in
profusion ; at Hertford under stones and clods of earth, and at
Fulbourne near Cambridge, from tussocks of coarse grass. I
have taken it from moss in a gravel-pit at Fort Monkton, Hants ;
near Sandown, Isle of Wight ; and on the sand-hills at Deal, in
May and September.
Genus 20. BADISTER, Clairville.
Mentum dente media nullo. Ligula brevis, apice truncata ; para-
glossis membranaceis, elongntis, earn longe superantibus. Palpi
60 CARABID^E. — BADISTER.
articulo ultimo subovato. Mandibulae breves, obtusa. Labrum
bilobum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus valde dilatatis,
subtus dense spongiosis.
1. B. bipustulatus : capite nigro> thorace subcordato pedibus
elytrisque rufo-testaceis, his postice nigris, suturd margine
summo maculdque communi rufo-testaceis.
Carabus bipustulatus, Fab. S. El. 1. 203.
Amblychus bipustulatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 74.
Badister bipustulatus, Sturm, D. F. 3. 186.— Dej. Spec. 2. 406;
Icon. 223. pi. 101. — Steph. Mand. 1. 72, et Manual, p. 22. —
Erichson, Kafer, 23. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 49.
B. microcephalus, Steph. Mand. 5. 373, et Manual, p. 22.
Var. j3. capite paulo majore, thorace breviore, scutello rufescente.
B. lacertosus, Sturm, D. F. 3. 188.— Steph. Mand. 5. 374, et
Manual, p. 22.
Head black, in some examples very small, in others large, but
always narrower than in the next species, basal joint of the
antennae testaceous. Thorax testaceous red, subcordate, sides
rounded and narrowed behind and the posterior angles rather
rotundate (PI. I. f. 16), the dorsal furrow very fine, the base
furnished with two fovese. Elytra oblong, wider than the thorax,
simply striated, testaceous red in front with the suture and
margins paler, having a broad cyaneous patch behind including
a common reddish testaceous spot before the apex varying con-
siderably in shape from round to oblong and occasionally obsolete;
scutellum usually black, but sometimes pitchy red ; breast wholly
black, legs testaceous. Length 2|-3 lines.
Common.
2. B. unipustulatus : capite thoracis latitudine nigro, thorace
breviore postice magis angustato, pectoris scapulis pedibus
elytrisque rufo-testaceis, his postice nigris, suturd margine
summo maculdque communi ru/O'-testaceis.
Bonelli, Obs. Ent. Mem. de 1'Acad. Imp. Turin, 1811-1812,
p. 443.— Erichson, Kiifer, 22.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 49.
B. cephalotes, Dej. Spec. 2. 406; Icon. 2. 223. pi. 100.— Curtis,
Ent. pi. 139.— Steph. Mand. 1. 72, et Manual, p. 22.
B. suturalis, Steph. Mand. 1. 73, et Manual, p. 22.
Larger than bipustulatus. Head broader, about as wide as the
thorax, very much depressed in front, the basal joint of the
antennae testaceous only at its base. Thorax considerably shorter
(PI. I. f. 17), wide in front, and much narrower behind than in the
allied species, with the posterior angles more rotundate, the dorsal
CARABID.E. — BADISTER. 61
furrow more deeply impressed, and the basal fovese larger and
more strongly marked; scutellum red. Elytra more deeply
striated, testaceous red over a more considerable space in front,
with the suture and margins paler, and an oblong blue-black or
cyaneous patch behind the middle enclosing a semilunar or oblong
or roundish testaceous red spot common to both wing-cases be-
fore the apex ; breast black with a pale testaceous spot on the
scapulars ; legs also testaceous. Length 3 lines.
Local. Newark; Battersea fields and Hammersmith marshes
at the roots of willows ; (< in profusion at Winterbourne Stoke,
Wilts, in March and April," Rev. G. T. Rudd.
(TRIMORPHUS, Stephens.}
3. B. peltatus : nigro-aneus, micans, thoracis elytrorumque mar-
gine summo pedibmque brunneo-testaceis. (PI. I. f. C.)
Carabus peltatus, Panz. Faun. 37. — Dufts. Faun. 2. 147.
Amblychus peltatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 76.
Badister peltatus, Sturm, D. F. 3. 189. — Dej. Spec. 2. 408;
Icon. 2. 226. pi. 1 0 1 .— Erichson, Kafer, 24.— Heer, Faun.
Helv. 49.
Trimorphus Erro, Newman, Ent. Mag. 5. 489. — Steph. Manual,
p. 23.
This species, which is about the size of a smallest bipustulatus,
is obscure brassy black, very shining, especially on the surface
of the elytra ; margins of the thorax and elytra narrowly edged
with brownish testaceous. Head black, smooth and shining ;
antennae slender, brownish black, base of the first joint paler.
Thorax subquadrate, sides rounded below the anterior angles,
thence narrowed behind, posterior angles obtuse, dorsal furrow
deep, base with two large impressed fovese. Elytra wider than
the thorax, oblong, slightly convex, distinctly striated, the striae
impunctate with the exception of two small impressions on the
second ; the surface suffused with bright cyaneous reflections in
certain lights ; underside of the body brownish black, legs dusky
testaceous. Length 2^ lines.
Three examples of this rare insect are ascertained to have been
captured in England; one by Mr. Ingall near London, which is the
insect described by Mr. Newman in the ' Entomological Magazine'
under the name Trimorphus Erro ; two others have been obtained
by Mr. S. Stephens near Hammersmith.
4. B. humeralis : nigro-obscurus, subnitidus ; thoracis margine
elytrorum macula humerali margine pedibusque flavo-tes-
taceis.
Bonelli, Obs. Ent. Mem. de 1'Acad. Imp. Turin, 1811-1812,
62 CARABID.E. — LICINUS.
p. 443.— Dej. Spec. 2. 410 ; Icon. 2. 227. pi. 101.— Erichson,
Kafer, 23. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 49.
B. sodalis, Sturm, D. F. 3. 191.
Carabus dorsiger, Dufts. Faun. 2. 151.
Trimorphus scapularis, Steph. Mand. 1. 180.
T. confinis, Steph. Mand. 1. 181, et Manual, p. 23.
Obscure black, with a cyaneous reflection on the elytra. Head
round, smooth, depressed in front, mouth yellow, base of the first
joint of the antennae testaceous, its apex together with the whole
of the second, third and fourth joints brownish, the rest reddish,
more or less obscure. Thorax obcordate, sides obliquely sloped
and narrowed behind, margins pale, delicately reflexed and
elevated towards the hinder angles which are rounded, disk
transversely wrinkled, having a deep central longitudinal furrow
and two large and very deep fovese at the base ; scutellum large,
triangular and black. Elytra oblong-ovate, humeral angles
rounded, sides very little rounded and only slightly widest be-
hind, disk striated, the second stria with two impressions, and a
series of deeper punctures on the margins, the latter together
with the suture behind and a broad subquadrate spot widest
behind on the shoulders testaceous yellow ; underside of the body
brownish black ; legs pale yellow. Length 2 lines.
This species is local, but widely distributed. " Carlisle in
February and March," Mr. Heysham. "Earl's Court, Brompton,"
Mr. Waterhouse. "Battersea fields; Darenth; in Norfolk; Loch
Awe, Scotland," Mr. Stephens. " Castle Wood, Morpeth," Mr.
Scott. I have captured it near Hastings ; and for several years
procured it annually in the spring from a copse near Shanklin,
Isle of Wight.
Genus 21. LICINUS, Latreille.
Mentum dente media nullo. Ligula brevis, apice truncata ; para-
glossis membranaceis, apice rotundatis, ei tequalibus. Palpi
articulo ultimo securiformi. Mandibulse breves, obtuste.
Labrum apice leviter emarginatum. Tarsi antici maris arti-
culis duobus valde dilatatis, subtus dense spongiosis.
1. L. depressus : ater, thorace lateribus subrotundato, elytris
oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis, inter stitiis planis, undique
punctatissimis.
Carabus depressus, Payk. Faun. 1. 110.
Licinus depressus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 73. — Dej. Spec. 2. 401 ;
Icon. 2. 217. pi. 99.— Curtis, Ent. pi. 75.— Steph. Mand. 1.
73, et Manual, p. 23. — Erichson, Kafer, 22. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 47.
Carabus cassidens, 111. Kafer, 1. 159.
CARABID.E. — LICINUS. 63
Entirely deep shining black, the elytra of the ? duller black.
Head small, round, much depressed in front, very finely punctured,
but a little smooth at the nape. Thorax widest in front with
the angles a little acuminated, sides rounded and gradually
narrowed towards the hinder angles which are rounded, disk
rather convex, densely punctured, the dorsal furrow abbreviated,
the base without foveae, but the lateral margins elevated especially
at the hinder angles. Elytra oblong-ovate, rounded at the
shoulders, apex obliquely truncate, moderately convex, finely
striated, the striae obsoletely punctured, interstices flat and thickly
punctured ; underside of the thorax and breast punctate ; cilia
and claws red. Length 4^ lines.
This species is found in chalky districts; near Canterbury,
Dover, Box Hill, &c. in the autumn.
2. L. Silphoides : ater, thorace transverse lateribus rotundato,
punctato, in media subl&vigato ; etytris ovatis, punctato-
striatis, interstitiis subelevatis profunde punctatis, tribus
magis elevatis.
Carabus Silphoides, Fab. S. El. 1. 190.
Licinus Silphoides, Sturm, D. F. 3. 177.— Dej. Spec. 2. 394 ;
Icon. 2. 210. pi. 98.— Steph. Mand. 1. 73, et Manual, p. 23.
Deep black. Head minutely punctured, depressed in front,
with an elevated ridge on each side between the antennae con-
nected by a curved transverse fold in front ; palpi and two joints
at the base of the antennae pitchy black, the rest fuscous. Thorax
transverse, very short and broad, anterior angles produced, sides
regularly rounded, widest about the middle, margins elevated
especially at the base, hinder angles rotundate, disk strongly
punctured and wrinkled but a little smooth in the centre, with
an abbreviated dorsal furrow and a broad obsolete fovea on each
side at the base. Elytra ovate, broad, humeral angles rounded,
sinuated before the apex, which latter is much produced, finely
striated, the stria? deeply, regularly and remotely punctured, the
interstices sparingly but deeply punctured and slightly elevated,
the third, fifth and seventh more elevated, so as to present the
appearance of three distinct raised lines ; body beneath minutely,
sides of the breast coarsely punctured; cilia and claws red.
Length 5|-6^ lines.
In profusion on the south-east side of Box Hill in autumn.
Found also in the Isle of Portland ; at Dover, &c. and in other
chalky districts.
Genus 22. OODES, Boneffi.
Mentum dente media integro. Ligula apice liber a dilatataque ;
paraglossis membranaceis. Palpi articulo ultimo cylindrico,
64 CARABID^E. OODES.
apice truncato. Mandibulse rectiusculte, acuta. Labrum
apice truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis,
singulis subquadratis, subtus dense spongiosis.
1. O. Helopioides : oblongo-ovatus, ater, elytris subtiliter punc-
tato-striatis.
Carabus Helopioides, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 155.— Fab. S. El. 1. 196.
Harpalus Helopioides, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 135.
Oodes Helopoides, Sturm, D. F. 6. 66.— Dej. Spec. 2. 378 ;
Icon. 2. 201. pi. 97. — Steph. Mand. 1. 125, et Manual, p. 35.
— Erichson, Kafer, 96.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 47.
Deep black. Head and thorax smooth and impunctate, the
latter narrowed in front, then gradually widening till it becomes
broad behind the middle, the posterior angles produced, the disk
with a faint dorsal furrow and the base destitute of fovese. Elytra
as broad as the thorax, oblong, the sides straight nearly to the
extremity and the apex broadly rounded in some examples but
slightly sinuated in others, convex, striated, the striae finely
punctulated, with two minute impressions between the second and
third from the suture, and a series on the exterior margin ; body
beneath thickly punctured on the sides ; legs black, tarsi pitchy.
Length 4i lines.
The peculiarity of form in the species which represents this
genus must always sufficiently distinguish it, especially its broad
thorax equalling the elytra in width, and the oblong, convex and
parallel form of the entire insect.
'It is not a very abundant species, or at any rate is rather local.
It is found in marshy places, in the Cambridgeshire fens, more
plentifully near Whittlesea Mere and at Herringstone near Dor-
chester ; and according to Stephens in Hackney marshes ; Bat-
tersea fields ; Abbots Ann, Hants ; Amesbury, Wilts, &c.
Genus 23. CHKffiNIUS, Bonelli.
Mentum dente medio bifido. Ligula cornea, apice libera dilatata-
que ; paraglossis membranaceis apice liberis, earn vix super-
antibus. Palpi articulo ultimo cylindrico, apice truncato.
Mandibulae acuta, basi crenulata. Labrum apice truncatum
vel obsolete sinuatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus
dilatatis, singulis subquadratis, subtus dense spongiosis.
1. C. sulcicollis : nigro-obscurus, pubescens ; thorace postice
trisulcato, punctatissimo ; elytris obsolete punctato-striatis,
interstitiis rugoso-granulatis ; antennis pedibusque nigris.
Carabus sulcicollis <?, Payk. Faun. 1. 153.
Harpalus sulcicollis (?, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 130.
CARABID^. CHL^NIUS. 65
Chlanius sulcicollis, Sturm, D. F. 5. 144.— Dej. Spec. 2. 356 ;
Icon. 2. 182. pi. 94. — Curtis, Ent. pi. 83.— Steph. Mand. 1.
77, et Manual, p. 24. — Erichson, Kafer, 97. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 46.
Head black, obsoletely wrinkled, with an oblong fovea on each
side in front ; mandibles pitchy, palpi and antennae black, the
upper joints of the latter fusco-pubescent. Thorax fuscous black,
wide especially behind, rather narrowed in front and rounded at
the angles, disk very much punctured, the punctures more
sparingly distributed and the surface more glabrous in front,
closely and finely granulated and scabrous behind, and clothed
with a brownish pubescence, the base with three abbreviated
longitudinal furrows and exterior to these an oblong rugose fovea
near each angle ; scutellum smooth. Elytra very wide, ovate,
rather convex, fuscous black, clothed with a brownish pubescence,
obsoletely punctate-striated, interstices closely granulated and
rugose, and presenting a finely shagreened appearance ; under-
side of the body and legs black. Length 6 lines.
The claim of this rare species to admission into our indigenous
fauna is very meagre, resting upon a solitary example in the
cabinet of J. Curtis, Esq. It was picked up (dead) on the coast
near Covehithe, Suffolk, by that gentleman's brother.
2. C. holosericeus : capite sublfsvi obscure aneo ; thorace sub-
quadrato punctato-ruguloso ; elytris striatis interstitiis
rugoso-granulatis nigro obscuris pubescentibus ; antennis
pedibusque nigris.
Carabus holosericeus, Fab. Mant. 1. 199 (1787).— Fab. S. El. 1.
193.— Payk. Mon. 110 (1790).— Payk. Faun. 1. 153.
Harpalus holosericeus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 112.
Chlcenius holosericeus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 134. — Dej. Spec. 2. 355 ;
Icon. 2. 181. pi. 93.— Steph. Mand. 1 . 177, et Manual, p. 24.
—Erichson, Kafer, 98.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 46.
Rather larger and broader than nigricornis. Head obscurely
bronzed or coppery, sometimes a little greenish, smooth ; antennae
black. Thorax subquadrate, the width rather greater than the
length, sides very moderately rounded so that the base is as wide
as the anterior margin, hinder angles obtuse, obscure dusky
black, sometimes faintly coppery, very densely clothed with a
yellowish brown pubescence, rugosely punctate and presenting a
shagreened appearance, base with an obsolete fovea in each angle.
Elytra also obscure brownish black, and like the thorax clothed
with a very dense yellowish brown pubescence, oblong-ovate,
striated, the striae very finely punctate, interstices thickly rugose
66 CARABID^I. CHL.ENIUS.
and granulated; underside of the body and the legs black.
Length 5£ lines.
This insect appears to be extremely rare in this country. Mr.
Stephens quotes Fen Ditton, Berks, as one of its localities, and
further states that Mr. Weaver captured several specimens near
Whittlesea Mere in August 1826. It is said to have been found
also in Norfolk by Mr. Skrimshire. Three examples were taken
more recently by Mr. Grimston at Hornsey on the Yorkshire coast
during a flood ; and a single individual by Mr. Haliday near
Athy in Ireland.
3. C. nigricornis : viridis, pubescens ; capite sublcevi thoraceque
punctatissimoviridi-cupreis, hoc subquadrato, angulis posticis
obtusis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis subtiliter granulatis ;
antennarum articulo primo pedibusque nigro-piceis.
Carabus nigricornis, Fab. Mant. 1. 202 (1787).— Fab. S. El. 1.
198.— Payk. Mon. 112 (1790).— Payk. Faun. 1. 154.
Harpalus nigricornis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 113.
Chlcenius nigricornis (var. b), Sturm, D. F. 5. 135. — Dej. Spec.
2. 351 ; Icon. 2. 177. pi. 92.— Steph. Mand. 1. 177, et
Manual, p. 24. — Erichson, Kafer, 99.— Heer, Faun. Helv.46.
Var. /3. antennarum articulo primo pedibusque rufis.
C. melanocornis, Dej. Spec. 2. 350; Icon. 2. 175. pi. 92.— Steph.
Mand. 1. 78, et Manual, p. 24.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 45.
C.fulgidus, Steph. Mand. 1. 98, et Manual, p. 24.
Above rich green, head and thorax with a reddish coppery
tinge. Head triangular, convex, rather smooth, having an oblong
fovea on each side between the antennae connected by a transverse
line ; mouth, palpi and basal joint of the antennae pitchy black.
Thorax subquadrate, short, the width being somewhat greater
than the length, sides regularly and very moderately rounded,
base truncate, hinder angles obtuse, dorsal furrow abbreviated
before and behind, disk thickly punctured, base with an oblong
impression on each side. Elytra broad, ovate, striated, interstices
finely granulated ; underside dull black, pubescent, sides of the
thorax purplish green, thickly but not coarsely punctured and
transversely wrinkled ; legs pitchy black. Length 5 lines.
The variety melanocornis differs only in having the mouth,
palpi, basal joint of the antennae and the legs red. C. fulgidus,
Steph., is an immature individual of this variety; and I may
here mention that C. xanthopus, Steph., is represented, according
to Dr. Schaum, by a North American insect.
This species is found pretty commonly in fens, marshes, and
on the banks of rivers. It has been taken by Mr. Haliday at
Holywood in Ireland.
CARABID.E. - CHL^ENIUS. 67
4. C. agrorum : viridis, thorace elytrisque pubescentibus sub-
tilissime granulatis ; elytris striatis, margine antennarum
basi pedibusque flavis.
Carabus ctffrorum, Oliv. Ent. 3. 35.
ChlfBnius agrorum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 129.— Dej. Spec. 2. 313 ;
Icon. 2. 169. pi. 91.— Steph. Mand. 1. 79, et Manual, p. 24.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 45.
Above beautiful light green. Head finely and delicately
rugose, having a deeply impressed pit on each side in front
near the base of the antennae ; three joints at the base of the
latter, together with the palpi testaceous, the rest of the antennae
pale dull brown and pubescent, the mandibles pitchy, the
labrurn testaceous. Thorax narrowest in front, the sides a
little rounded below the angles, then from about the middle to
the base straight, the posterior angles obtuse, disk with a
slender dorsal furrow, and on each side at the base an oblong
impression, the whole surface beautifully shagreened and adorned
with a golden pile ; scutellum sometimes yellowish. Elytra
oblong, not so much narrowed in front as in nigricornis, rather
obsoletely striated, the interstices finely granulated, the surface
thickly clothed with a golden pubescence and the whole exterior
margin testaceous yellow; beneath the thorax and breast are
greenish black, the abdomen dusky and the whole surface punc-
tured, legs testaceous. Length 5^ lines.
The claim of this very conspicuous insect to admission into
our indigenous fauna rests upon very few examples at present,
and some of these are very dubious. Stephens has informed
us that it was captured by Dr. Leach, near Plymouth, in the
spring of 1816, and that it has been found near Bristol. The
Rev. H. Clark has a specimen in his collection, which was taken
at Matlock.
5. C.vestitus: viridis, pubescens ; thorace subcordato,j0zmcta/o,
angulis ppsticis rectis; elytris striatis, inter stitiis subtiliter
granulatis, margine ante apicem dilatato antennis pedibus-
que flavo-testaceis.
Carabus vestitus, Payk. Mon. 71 (1790).— Fab. Ent. S. 1. 158
(1792).— Fab. S. El. 1. 200.
Harpalus vestitus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 84.
Chlcenius vestitus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 130.— Dej. Spec. 2. 322 ;
Icon. 2. 172. pi. 91.— Steph. Mand. 1. 79, et Manual, p. 24.
— Erichson, Kafer, 100.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 45.
Head purplish green, with two fovese connected by a transverse
line in front ; mouth, palpi and antennse testaceous. Thorax
F 2
68 CARABID^E. — CALLISTUS.
subcordate, sides rounded in front from below the anterior
angles to behind the middle, then straight so as to form with
the base a right angle, green, pubescent, rather depressed,
coarsely punctured, the dorsal furrow interrupted in front and
terminating in a depression, base with two oblong impressions.
Elytra twice the width of the thorax, ovate, dilated behind the
middle, dull green, densely pubescent, the lateral margins testa-
ceous yellow dilated and denticulated before the extremity,
striated, the interstices finely granulated; underside of the body
dull black, punctured and pubescent; legs testaceous yellow.
Length 4J lines.
Abundant beneath stones near streams, and in swampy places
near London ; on the southern coasts, as well as in many other
parts of England and Ireland.
Genus 24. CALLISTUS, Latreille.
Mentum dente medio integro, lato, obtuso. Ligula apice dilatata,
obtusa, paraglossis membranaceis longior. Palpi articulo
ultimo subovato, apice acuminato. Mandibulse breves, acutce.
Labrum apice truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus
dilatatis, subtus dense spongiosis.
1. C. lunatus : capite nigro cyaneo, thorace rufo, elytris flavo-
testaceis nigro-maculatis.
Carabus lunatus, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 163.— Fab. S. El. 1. 205.
Anchomenus lunatus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 176.
Callistus lunatus, Dej. Spec. 2. 296; Icon. 2. 158. pi. 89.—
Curtis, Ent. pi. 180.— Steph. Hand. 1. 81, et Manual, p. 24.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 44.
Head large, oblong, with a cyaneous (or sometimes greenish)
tinge, strongly punctured ; antennae dusky, with two joints at
the base testaceous. Thorax testaceous red, cordate, sides
rounded in front and widest in the middle, very much contracted
behind, posterior angles acute, disk convex, very finely and
closely punctured, with a slender dorsal furrow abbreviated
before and behind, and an obsolete fovea near each basal angle.
Elytra ovate, shoulders rounded and narrowed, sides a little
sinuated, widest behind the middle, disk somewhat convex, very
finely punctate- striated and with the interstices closely and
minutely punctured and pubescent, testaceous yellow, with a
small rounded spot on the humeral angles, a broad transverse
fascia about the middle not reaching the suture, and another
before the apex extending across the suture and connected
externally with the central fascia black; underside blue-black,
CARABID^E. POGONUS. 69
punctured and pubescent, legs yellow, apex of femora and tarsi
brownish black. Length 3 lines.
Very local; but taken occasionally near Folkstone, Dover,
Canterbury, Kingstone, and other chalky districts of Kent.
Genus 25. POGONUS, Dejean.
Mentum profunde emarginatum, dente media bifido. Palpi articulo
ultimo oblongo-ovato, apice truncato. Mandibulse basi intus
denticulate, subarcuata, acutce. Labrum breve, transversum,
emarginatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis duobus dilatatis.
1. P. luridipennis : viridi-aeneus ; thorace subtransverso , postice
coarctato, angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris ochraceis,
ceneo micantibus, subparallelis, striato-punctatis, punctis
tribus impressis ; ore antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Harpalus luridipennis. Germ. Ahrens, Faun. Eur. 7. 2. (1812,
&c.).
Pogonus luridipennis, Dej. Spec. 3. 9 ; Icon. 2. 244. pi. 103.
P. Burrellii, Curtis, Ent. pi. 47.— Steph. Hand. 1. 106, et
Manual, p. 31.
Head and thorax brassy green with coppery reflections, the
former with an oblong fovea on each side and transversely
wrinkled on the crown, mouth, palpi and antennae reddish testa-
ceous. Thorax transverse, short, sides rounded in front from
below the angles to behind the middle, then straight, the
posterior margin being sloped towards the hinder angles so as
to render them not quite rectangular, disk convex, strongly
wrinkled, having a deep dorsal furrow which is entire but
intersected in front by a slightly rugose transverse impression,
the base depressed punctured and rugose, having a broad not
very deep punctured fovea near each angle, exterior to which is
an elevated line running into the angle itself. Elytra ochreous
with a bronzed cloud on the disk, broad, a little rounded below
the angles, punctate-striated, the strise appearing rather greenish,
and most deeply impressed in the centre of the disk, less deep
on the sides and at the apex, the second stria with a deeper
puncture before the extremity, and the third with two others
placed one about the middle and another before the middle;
underside black, legs reddish testaceous. Length 3^ lines.
This conspicuous and well-marked species was first discovered
in this country near Salthouse on the Norfolk coast by the late
Rev. 3. Burrell, after whom Mr. Curtis named it, but it had
previously been described in Ahrens' European Fauna under the
70 CARABID.E. POGONUS.
name luridipennis. It has also been taken at Lymington
Salterns ; near Sandwich ; and in profusion on the muddy banks
of the Thames in the Isle of Sheppey.
2. P. chalceus : ceneus ; thorace subquadrato, postice subcoarc-
tato, angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris oblongis, subparal-
lelis, striato-punctatis, punctis tribus impressis, striis
externis obsoletis ; femoribus rufo-piceis, tibiis tarsisque
ruf
Carabus chalceus, Marsham, Ent. 460.
Pogonus chalceus, Steph. Mand. 1. 107, et Manual, p. 31.
P. halophilus, Germ. Ahrens, Faun. Eur. 10. 1. — Dej. Spec. 3.
13; Icon. 2. 249. pi. 104.
P. littoralis, Steph. Mand. 5. 376, et Manual, p. 31.
Shining brassy, sometimes bluish or greenish brass. Head
smooth, with a deep oblong fovea on each side between the
antennae, the latter fuscous black with their apex paler. Thorax
subquadrate, the breadth being rather greater than the length,
sides rounded, but not so much as in the preceding species, nor
so much or so suddenly contracted behind, posterior angles very
nearly right angles, disk convex, dorsal line slender and inter-
sected in front by a triangular punctured impression, base
depressed, punctured, having a punctured fovea on each side,
and exterior to that a minute elevated line running into the
angle. Elytra oblong, sides very slightly rounded, convex,
punctate-striated, the strise much finer and the punctures
wanting behind the middle, and both entirely obsolete on the
sides, the third stria has a deeper impression before the middle
and another about the middle, and the second has a less distinct
one nearer the extremity; underside black, legs red, femora
sometimes pitchy red. Length 3 lines.
P. littoralis, Steph., does not differ from the present species.
Common in salt-marshes and estuaries, and on the banks of
tidal rivers.
3. P. littoralis : viridi-seneus ; thorace latiore subquadrato, an-
tice posticeque subcoarctato, angulis posticis subrectis;
elytris oblongis, subparallelis, fortiter striato-punctatis,
punctis tribus impressis, striis externis obsoletis ; femoribus
rufo-piceis, tibiis tarsisque rufescentibus.
Carabus littoralis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 183.
Platysma littoralis, Sturm, D. F. 5. 67.
Pogonus littoralis, Dej. Spec. 3. 11 ; Icon. 2. 280. pi. 104.
P. aruginosus, Steph. Mand. 1. 107, et Manual, p. 31.
CARABID^E. POGONUS. 71
Larger than chalceus and uniformly brassy green. Head wide
with an oblong smooth impression on each side, the space
between them on the crown being broader and smoother than in
the former species, the antennae fuscous black, the apical joints
a little stouter. Thorax subquadrate, more narrowed in front,
but broader and more dilated and rounded in the middle on the
sides and a little narrowed behind, the posterior angles not quite
rectangular, disk very much wrinkled, dorsal furrow slender and
intersected in front by a curved punctured or rugose impression,
base depressed, the entire space between the basal fovese more
thickly and strongly punctured, the fovese themselves not quite
so deep but broader and very much punctured, having also ex-
terior to them an elevated line running into the angle as in the
foregoing species. Elytra much broader, subparallel, strongly
striate-punctate in front, the striae more slender and the punctures
absent behind the middle and both altogether obsolete on the
sides as in the allied species, having also three deeper impressions
similarly placed; underside black, legs rusty red, the femora
darkest. Length 3J lines.
This insect is very closely allied to the preceding, but is larger
and longer, rather more convex, and usually entirely brassy
green above. The thorax is distinctly narrower in front and
behind and appears therefore more rounded at the sides ; the
elytra are wider, more deeply striated, and the striae more strongly
punctured in front. Dejean points out other particulars by
which it is to be distinguished, but little reliance is to be placed
upon them ; its general habit or appearance, as above indicated,
will amply serve to recognize it after a very little practice.
It may be taken in great profusion in Lymington Salterns
under clods of clay, unassociated with chalceus, though the latter
is found also in other parts of the same Salterns ; on the Lin-
colnshire coast I have taken them in company; but at Deal,
Whitstable, Gravesend, and in the Isle of Wight, &c., chalceus is
found without any examples of littoralis associated with it. P.
aruginosus, Steph., is an immature individual of this species.
Genus 26. PATROBUS, Dejean.
Mentum dente medio bifido. Ligula cornea, apice rotundata ; para-
glossis apice rotundatis. Palpi articulo ultimo subcylindrico,
apice truncato. Mandibulse subarcuata, acutiusculce. Labrum
transversum, breve, truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis
duobus dilatatis, subobcordatis, subtus biseriatim pectinato-
setosis.
72 CARABID^E. PATROBUS.
1. P. excavatus : apterus, nigro-piceus, nitidus ; thorace cordato,
postice utrinque profunde foveolato punctulatoque ; elytris
oblong o-ovatis, punctato-striatis, punctis tribus impressis ;
pedibus rufescentibus.
Carabus excavatus, Payk. Mon. 38. — Panz. Faun. 32. — Erich-
son, Kafer, 119.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 51.
Harpalus rufipes, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 97.
Platysma rujipes, Sturm, D. F. 5. 56.
Patrobus rufipes, Dej. Spec. 3. 28 ; Icon. 2. 256. pi. 106.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 119, et Manual, p. 34.
Pitchy black, sometimes reddish pitchy. Head convex, smooth,
with an oblong fovea on each side in front between the antenme
and a transverse punctured impression behind the eyes, antennae
pitchy red. Thorax elongate, heart-shaped, narrowed behind,
posterior angles acute and elevated, rather convex, very shining,
with a deep longitudinal dorsal furrow, met in front by a row of
deep punctures, base with two deeply impressed punctured fovese.
Elytra oblong-ovate, humeral angles much rounded and rather
narrow, sides widest behind, disk very shining, punctate-striated,
the striae rather obsolete at the sides and apex, between the second
and third from the suture three deeper impressions ; legs rusty
red with the thighs darker. Length 3~— 4 lines.
PaykulPs and Panzer's name excavatus must be adopted for
this species ; C. rufipes of Fabricius is identical with Calathus
fuscus.
This species is found in profusion on the Welsh mountains,
in the north of England, and in Scotland and Ireland. I have
taken it abundantly also in damp woods in Kent and on the
shores of the Thames below Gravesend.
2. P. septentrionis : alatus, nigro-piceus ; thorace subcordato,
postice utrinque foveolato ; elytris oblong o-ovatis, subtiiiter
punctato-striatis, punctis tribus impressis ; pedibus piceis.
Dej. Spec. 3. 29 ; Icon. 2. 266. pi. 106.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 51.
P. alpinus, Curtis, Ent.pl. 192.— Steph. Mand. 1. 120, etManual,
p. 34.
Harpalus rufipes, var. c., Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 97.
This species is larger and longer than excavatus and is further
distinguished by its ample wings. It is pitchy black with the
mouth and palpi red, the antennae pitchy rufous. Thorax shorter,
less cordate, wider at the base, with the latter not punctured but
furnished with two large foveae, the anterior margin also is more
sparingly punctured, disk depressed and much wrinkled trans-
versely on each side the dorsal furrow. Elytra more elongate,
CARABID^E. PRISTONYCHUS. 73
broader, smoother and flatter, the punctured striae much finer
and almost obsolete at the apex and on the sides, having three
equidistant larger impressions between the third and fourth striae.
Length 4£ lines.
Sparingly distributed on the Scotch mountains.
Genus 27. PRISTONYCHUS, Dejean.
Mentum dente medio emarginato. Ligula apice truncata ; para-
glossis linearibus, earn paulum superantibus. Palpi articulo
ultimo cylindrico. Mandibulse rectiusculce, acutce. Labrum
quadratum, apice leviter emarginatum. Tarsi antici maris
articulis tribus dilatatis, subtus biseriatim pectinato-setosis,
unguiculi intus basi subtiliter serrati.
1. P. terricola: apterus,nigro-piceus; thoracesubcordato,postice
utrinque impresso ; elytris obscure cyaneis, striatis, striis
subtilissime punctulatis ; antennis pedibusque fusco-piceis.
Carabus terricola, Herbst, Archiv, 164 (1794).— 111. Kafer, 1.
184 (1798).
Pristonychus terricola, Dej. Spec. 3. 45 ; Icon. 2. 275. pi. 107. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 85, et Manual, p. 25. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 53.
Carabus subcyaneus, 111. Mag. 1. 57 (1801).
Harpalus subcyaneus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 91.
Sphodrus subcyaneus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 151.
Pristonychus subcyaneus, Erichson, Kafer, 105.
Beneath pitchy black, above shining black ; elytra blue-black
or cyaneous. Head oblong with an impression on each side be-
hind the antennae, connected by a transverse raised line in front ;
antennae and palpi pitchy. Thorax cordate, anterior angles
produced, sides regularly and evenly rounded till behind the
middle, then narrowed towards the posterior angles, which are
acute and prominent, disk transversely wrinkled, with a faint
dorsal line touching the base, but terminated in front by a tri-
angular depression, base with two foveae ending above in a curved
stria. Elytra ovate, regularly striated, the striae finely punctured,
margins with a series of deeper impressions ; legs pitchy black.
Length 7 lines.
Common.
Genus 28. SPHODRUS, Clairville.
Mentum dente medio brevi, emarginato. Ligula lata, apice trun-
cata ; paraglossis linearibus, earn superantibus. Palpi articulo
74 CARABID.E. SPHODRUS.
ultimo cylindrico. Mandibulse longiuscula, basi intus denti-
culate, apice acuminata. Labrum truncatum. Tarsi antici
maris articulis dilatatis, subtus biseriatim pectinato-setosis.
1. S.leucophthalmus: alatus, niger opacus,subdepressus; thorace
subcordato ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, subtiliter punctato-
striatis.
Carabus leucophthalmus, Linn. F. S. 784. — Marsham, Ent. 431.
Harpalus leucophthalmus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 80.
Sphodrus leucophthalmus, Steph. Mand. 1 . 84, et Manual, p. 25.
— Erichson, Kafer, 106. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 52.
Carabus planus, Fab. S. El. 1. 179.
Sphodrus planus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 149. — Dej. Spec. 3. 88 ; Icon.
2. 327. pi. 114.
Head oblong, smooth, with an impression on each side between
the antennae. Thorax narrow, heart-shaped, anterior angles
obtusely prominent, sides rounded and widest about the middle,
narrowed behind, posterior angles acute and prominent, very
rugose especially on the sides and at the base, which has two
oblong depressed striae, the central line very faint and intersected
before and behind by a transverse stria. Elytra oblong, opake
black, sides rather parallel, faintly punctate-striated, the second
stria from the margin with a series of larger impressions. Length
10-12 lines.
In cellars and outhouses, generally distributed ; but very rare
in Ireland.
Genus 29. CALATHUS, Bonelli.
Mentum dente medio bifido. Ligula apice rotundata ; paraglossis
ei (squalibus. Palpi articulo ultimo cylindrico. MandibulaB
breves, basi obsolete crenulatce, acut<B. Labrum quadratum,
apice truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis,
subtus biseriatim pectinato-setosis, unguiculi serrati.
1. C. piceus: apterus, nigro-piceus ; thorace quadrato, antics
posticeque subangustato, basi utrinque foveolato, angulis
posticis rotundatis ; elytris ovatis subtiliter striatis, punctis
quinque impressis ; pedibus rufo-piceis.
Carabus piceus, Marsham, Ent. 444.
Calathus piceus, Steph. Mand. 1. 98, et Manual, p. 28.
C. rotundicollis, Dej. Spec. 3. 75 ; Icon. 2. 312. pi. 112.
Amphyginus piceus, Haliday, Ent. 175.
Wingless, pitchy black. Head very smooth and convex behind
arid with a small fovea on each side between the antenna and
CARABID^E. CALATHUS.
75
a transverse impression in front, enclosing an elevated space
between them ; mandibles pitchy, palpi and antennae testaceous
red. Thorax quadrate, narrowed in front, sides regularly rounded
and widest about the middle, obliquely narrowed behind, the
margins finely reflexed, posterior angles rounded, the dorsal
furrow interrupted in front by a triangular depression, base with
a large oblong smooth fovea on each side. Elytra ovate, mode-
rately striated, the striae impunctate, having four or five impressed
dots between the second and third striae ; body beneath pitchy
black, breast and abdomen more or less rufescent ; legs pitchy
red. Length 4-5 lines.
A local species : " in profusion at Castle Howard, Yorkshire ;
Devonshire; Norfolk; Bottisham, Cambridgeshire," Mr. Stephens.
" Bamburgh, Twizell and Bradley Mill, Northumberland," Mr.
T. J. Bold. Leicester and the midland counties ; Coombe Wood,
&c. Frequent also in many parts of Scotland and Ireland.
2. C. Cisteloides : apterus, niger ; thorace subquadrato, antice
angustato, postice utrinque impresso punctatoque, angulis
posticis rectis ; elytris striatis, striis subtilissime punctatis,
interstitiis tertio quintoque punctis remotis impressis ;
pedibus rufis vel piceo-nigris.
Carabus Cisteloides, Panz. Faun. 11. — 111. Kafer, 1. 163.
Harpalus Cisteloides, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 125.
Calathus Cisteloides, Dej. Spec. 3. 65 ; Icon. 2. 299. pi. 110.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 99, et Manual, p. 29.
Carabus frigidus, Fab. S. El. 1. 189.
Wingless, black, palpi and antennae pitchy, basal joint of the
latter red. Thorax subquadrate, narrowest in front, sides nearly
straight behind and the posterior angles right angles, disk much
wrinkled, with a large oblong punctured impression on each side
at the base, which is also rugose. Elytra oblong-ovate, striated,
the striae obsoletely punctured, the third and fifth interstices with
several larger impressions and about six at the extremity of the
second ; legs red, tarsi pitchy, sometimes the legs are wholly
pitchy black, which variety represents the Carabus obscurus of
Marsham. Length 4-6 lines.
Common.
3. C. flavipes : apterus, nigro-piceus ; thorace subquadrato, an-
tice subangustato, postice utrinque impresso, angulis posti-
cis rectis ; elytris obsoletissime viridi-micantibus, striatis,
interstitio tertio punctis duobus impressis; antennis
pedibusque rufs.
Buprcstis flavipes, Fourc. Ent. Paris. 1. 43 (1785).
76 CARABID.E. CALATHUS.
Carabus Jlavipes, Dufts. Faun. 2. 122.
Calathus flavipes, Sturm, D. F. 5. 115. — Steph. Mand. 5.375,
et Manual, p. 29.
Harpalus fulvipes, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 128.
Calathus fulvipes, Dej. Spec. 3. 70; Icon. 2. 307. pi. 111.—
Erichson, Kafer, 102.
C. crocopus, Steph. Mand. 1. 99, et Manual, p. 29.
Rather more parallel than Cisteloides, pitchy black, very
shining, sometimes with a greenish tinge on the elytra of the $,
dull pitchy black in the ? . Thorax with its margins reddish,
disk smooth, dorsal furrow interrupted before and behind, base
smooth and with an obsolete impunctate fovea on each side.
Elytra finely striated, the third interstice with two impressions
only and none on the fifth, which character serves at once to
distinguish it from Cisteloides ; palpi, antennse and legs red.
Length 4-5 lines.
This insect appears to be the Buprestis flavipes of Fourcroy's
work. The Carabus flavipes of PaykulFs monograph can scarcely
(judging from the description) be reconciled with it.
It is abundant in sandy districts.
4. C.fuscus: alatus, fusco-piceus ; thorace subquadrato, utrinque
obsolete impresso, angulis posticis acutis ; elytris subtiliter
striatis, punctis duobus impressis ; antennis pedibusque
testaceis.
Carabus fuscus, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 158.— Fab. S. El. 1. 184.
Harpalus fuscusy Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 126.
Calathus fuscus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 109.— Dej. Spec. 3. 71 ; Icon.
2. 308. pi. 111.— Steph. Mand. 1. 100, et Manual, p. 29.—
Erichson, Kafer, 103.
Carabus rufangulus, Marsham, Ent. 441.
Calathus rufangulus, Steph. Mand. 1. 100, et Manual, p. 29.
Carabus rufipes, Fab. S. El. 1. 184.
Much broader than any of the preceding and entirely fuscous
brown, with the margins of the thorax, the palpi, antennae and
legs livid testaceous. Head smooth and convex, with an impres-
sion on each side between the eyes. Thorax subquadrate,
narrowed in front, broad and straight behind, with the posterior
angles slightly acute, disk with a deep central line, transversely
wrinkled, and a very broad slightly impressed fovea on each
side at the base. Elytra ovate, broader than the thorax, sides
regularly rounded, finely striated, with two impressed dots
between the second and third striae and the usual series on the
margin. Length 4^-5 lines.
CARABID.E. CALATHUS. 77
Extremely abundant on the Chesil bank and other sandy
commons near the southern coasts of England and Wales.
5. C. mollis : apterus, fusco-piceus ; thorace subquadrato, antice
subangustato, margins rufo-testaceo, basi utrinque leviter
impresso, angulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris oblongo-
ovatiSj subtiliter striatis punctisque tribus impressis ; an-
tennis pedibusque pallide testaceis.
Carabus mollis, Marsham, Ent. 450.
Calathus mollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 101, et Manual, p. 29.
Carabus ochropterus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 124.
Calathus ochropterus, Dej. Spec. 3. 79 ; Icon. 2. 313. pi. 112.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 56.
Wingless, pitchy brown, with the margins of the thorax tes-
taceous, palpi and antennae pale testaceous. Thorax subquadrate,
a little narrowed in front, sides very nearly parallel behind,
posterior angles obtuse, dorsal furrow very slender, base de-
pressed and furnished with a very shallow smooth fovea on each
side. Elytra oblong-ovate, narrowed before and behind, so that
the sides appear very much rounded and distinctly widest in the
middle, very finely striated, the third interstice with from three
to (sometimes) five impressions; legs pale testaceous. Length
3^ lines.
Its smaller size and more quadrate thorax, with obtuse hinder
angles, immediately distinguish this species from smaller examples
offuscus. *
A very abundant species on sandy commons near the coast in
England, Scotland and Ireland.
6. C. melanocephalus : apterus, nigro-piceus ; thorace rufo,
subquadrato, antice angustato, basi utrinque leviter im-
presso, angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris ovatis} subtiliter
striatis punctisque tribus impressis ; antennis pedibusque
testaceis.
Carabus melanocephalus, Linn. F. S. 795 ; S. N. 2. 671. —
Fab. S. El. 1. 190.
Harpalus melanocephalus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 129.
Calathus melanocephalus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 116. — Dej. Spec. 3.
80 ; Icon. 2. 316. pi. 112.— Steph. Mand. 1. 98, et Manual,
p. 29.— Erichson, Kafer, 101.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 56.
C. apicalis, Newman, Ent. Mag. 1. 287. — Steph. Mand. 5. 375,
et Manual, p. 29.
Wingless, black or pitchy black, with the thorax entirely and
78 CARABID^E. CALATHUS.
the margins of the elytra narrowly red. Head black, depressed
in front, palpi and antennae testaceous. Thorax subquadrate,
shorter and broader than in the preceding species or either of
the following, distinctly contracted in front, the sides parallel
from the middle to the base, which is truncate, and the posterior
angles obtuse, the dorsal line slender, terminating before and
behind in a depressed space, the disk on each side of it finely
wrinkled transversely, the base furnished with a shallow impres-
sion on each side more or less slightly evident. Elytra a little
wider than the base of the thorax, ovate, apex rounded, finely
striated, having two impressions between the second and third
striae ; legs testaceous red. Length 3£ lines.
There are varieties in which the thorax is more or less pitchy.
C. apicalis, Newman, is an immature example of this species,
which is very common everywhere.
7. C. micropterus : apterus, niger, nitidus; thorace subqua-
drato, antice posticeque subangustato, basi utrinque pro-
funde foveolato, angulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris
oblongo-ovatis, striatis punctisque tribus impressis ; an-
tennis pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus micropterus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 123.
Calathus micropterus ?, Sturm, D. F. 5. 113.— Steph. Mand.
5. 437, et Manual, p. 29.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 55.
Harpalus micropterus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 442.
Calathus microcephalus, Dej. Spec. 3. 78 ; Icon. 2. 313. pi. 112.
—Heer, Faun. Helv. 55.
C. glabripennis 3, Sturm, D. F. 5. 118.
Wingless, black (or pitchy black), very shining ; mandibles,
palpi, antennae and legs (and sometimes the lateral margins of
the thorax narrowly) testaceous red. Head convex, smooth and
shining, with a fovea on each side in front between the antennas
and a slight double impression on the crown, the fifth to the last
joints of the antennae rather stout. Thorax subquadrate, rather
narrowed in front and rounded below the anterior angles,
slightly narrowed also behind, with the margins slenderly
reflexed and the posterior angles obtuse, disk convex, the central
line deep at the base, and a deeply impressed roundish fovea on
each side near the hinder angles which are otherwise slightly
rugose. Elytra oblong-ovate, shoulders rounded and a little
narrowed, sides very slightly rounded, disk convex, finely stri-
ated, some of the stria? very obsoletely punctured, the third
with three deeper impressions near* one another before the
middle, and the second with one placed further behind. Length
3-4 lines.
CARABID^E. CALATHUS. 79
The more rounded lateral margins of the thorax and the
deeper basal impressions, together with the less rounded and
dilated sides of the elytra and its uniform dark colour, sufficiently
distinguish this insect from either of the preceding.
It is a mountain species, but rather rare. I have captured
the insect on several occasions on the high moors near Llan-
gollen, in August and September : it is found also in Scotland
in similar situations. " Near the summit of Hedgehope in
July," Mr. Hardy.
8. C. nubigena : subapterus, niger; thorace quadrate, antice sub-
angustato, basi utrinque leviter impresso ; elytris oblongis,
subparallelis, striatis, punctis 3 vel 4 impressis ; antenna-
rum basi pedibusque rufescentibus. (PI. I. f. D.)
Haliday, Ann. N. Hist. 2. 112 (1839).— Curtis, Guide, 53. 5.
Oblong, black, elytra sometimes with a greenish gloss. Head
small and narrow, palpi and antennae pitchy, three joints at the
base of the latter and the extreme tip of the former reddish.
Thorax quadrate, narrowed in front, sides scarcely rounded, but
again very slightly contracted just before the posterior angles,
which are obtuse, dorsal furrow very faint, base with two oblong
rather parallel, shallow foveee. Elytra oblong, subparallel or with
the sides very slightly rounded, distinctly striated, the three striae
nearest the suture are carried to the apex, the fourth joins the
third by a slight curve before the apex, the fifth and sixth are
abbreviated and unite behind the middle, the seventh is carried
round the others and joins the third at the extremity, the eighth
is carried quite round to the tip and always bears a series of
remote round impressed punctures from the shoulder to almost
the extremity, each elytron has likewise four distinct impressions,
placed one at the junction of the first and second striae near
the scutellum, and three on the third stria about the middle,
sometimes however these are partially or wholly wanting and
occasionally there are two smaller punctures on the second stria
nearer the apex ; breast and thorax on the underside pitchy, ab-
domen shining black, legs rufescent. Length 3 lines.
This insect appears to be variable in colour ; of the three
examples now before me one is shining black with the tip of the
palpi and of the mandibles, the basal joint of the antennae and
the legs red, the breast and thorax on the underside being pitchy ;
in another individual the thorax is red beneath and pitchy above ;
while in a third it is wholly red and the palpi entirely and three
joints at the base of the antennse ferruginous red, which varia-
tions do not apparently result from different degrees of maturity
80 CARABID.E. — SYNUCHUS.
in these individual specimens. It is rather smaller than mollis,
and has a very dissimilar form ; the head is both smaller and
narrower, the antenna? more robust, especially from the fifth
joint and upwards, in which respect it resembles microptents,
these are likewise more pubescent, and never in paler nor in less
mature individuals are they, as Mr. Haliday informs us, entirely
red, though sometimes one and sometimes two or three joints at
the base may be paler ; the thorax is more narrowed in front and
less narrowed behind than in mollis, and the basal fovese narrower
and more parallel to the sides ; the elytra are broader in front,
with their sides more parallel and not as in mollis more rounded
and dilated in the middle, so as to appear as in that insect
distinctly narrowed before and behind, the striae likewise are
deeper.
This very interesting addition to the British fauna was dis-
covered by Mr. Haliday on the Irish mountains : " Slubh Donard,
Downshire, 2700 feet above the sea ; on Lugnaquilla, 3000 feet,
and other mountainous ranges in Wicklow, among the piled-up
stones, early in the summer, but later in the season they were
not to be found." A. H. H.
Genus 30. SYNUCHUS, Gyllenhal
Mentum dente medio bifido. Ligula apice rotundata ; paraglossis
eampaulb super antibus. Palpi maxillares articulo ultimo cylin-
dricOy truncato ; labiales articulo ultimo leviter securiformi.
Mandibulse subarcuata, acutce. Labrum quadratum, trunca-
tum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus leviter dilatatis, sub-
tus biseriatim pectinato-setosis.
1. S. vivalis : nigro-piceustnitidus; thorace subrotundato ; elytris
oblongo-ovatis, striatis, punctis duobus vel tribus impressis ;
antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus vivalis, Panz. Faun. 37. — Dufls. Faun. 2. 140.
Synuchus vivalis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 77. — Steph. Mand. 1. 97,
et Manual, p. 28.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 57.
Agonum vivale, Sturm, D. F. 5. 215.
Taphria vivalis, Dej. Spec. 3. 83; Icon. 2. 321. pi. 115.—
Erichson, Kafer, 101.
Pitchy black, very shining. Head smooth with a slight im-
pression on each side between the antennae and a transverse stria
in front; mouth, palpi and antennae testaceous red. Thorax
very wide in front and dilated at the sides, the lateral margins
and posterior angles much rounded, convex, with a fine dorsal
stria and an impression on each side at the base. Elytra oblong-
CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS. 81
ovate, rather wider than the thorax, convex, striated, the striae
impunctate, except that there are two or three impressions on
the second from the suture and an irregular series on the outer
margin ; the margins of the thorax and of the elytra are some-
times very narrowly edged with ferruginous; legs pale red.
Length 3± lines.
Rather local, but somewhat widely distributed ; on banks of
rivers in the midland counties ; in the Isle of Wight ; near
Dorchester; Dorking; North Wales; Yorkshire, and other north-
ern counties, and also in Scotland and Ireland. " On damp
banks at Coombe; Darenth; Bottisham; Netley; in Norfolk, &c."
Mr. Stephens.
Genus 31. ANCHOMENUS, Auctorum.
Mentum dente medio integro. Ligula apice truncata ; paraglossis
ei aqualibus. Palpi articulo ultimo cylindrico. Mandibulre
subarcuatcp, acute. Labrum quadratum, apice truncatum.
Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis, \mgmcn\i simplices.
This genus comprehends Platynus, Anchomenus and Agonum,
which had been established by Bonelli on the ground of certain
differences in the external structure of the thorax and elytra, the
posterior angles of the former being obtuse in those species
assigned by him to Agonum, but acute and prominent in those
arranged under Platynus and Anchomenus ; and the two latter
genera were furthermore represented as being distinguishable
from each other by a supposed variation in the form of the
elytron. It appeared, however, upon examination of a series of
species, that these characters were altogether artificial, some
species in one genus bearing a greater affinity to those of another
genus with which by such an arrangement they were so far dis-
connected, than to those with which they were placed in imme-
diate juxtaposition; and not only so, but these characters pre-
vailed equally if not more so in other genera with which they
were not grouped at all ; consequently these subdivisions have
now been altogether abandoned (or treated by some authors as
subgenera], and the genus Anchomenus has been generally adopted
to comprise the whole, that name demanding the preference, be-
cause Platynus, though employed for the same purpose by Brulle,
had previously been appropriated in another order (Diptera] .
(PLATYNUS, Bonelli.)
1 . A. junceus : niger, nitidus ; tliorace cordato, late marginatu,
angulis posticis acutiusculis ; elytris ovatis> striatis punctis-
que tribus impressis; ore antennis pedibusque piceo-brunneis.
82 CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS.
Carabus junceus, Scop. Ent. Cam. 89 (1761).
C. angusticollis, Fab. S. El. 1. 182.
Harpalus angusticollis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 81.
Anchomenus angusticollis, Sturm, D. F. 5. 168. — Dej. Spec. 3.
104; Icon. 2. 343. pi. 116. — Erichson, Kafer, 108. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 57.
Platynus angusticollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 83, et Manual, p. 25.
Shining black. Head oblong, very smooth with an impression
on each side, mouth, palpi and base of the antennae pitchy, the
apical joints of the latter fuscous. Tliorcue widest in front a little
below the anterior angles and much rounded in that part, then
obliquely sloped and narrowed till just before the posterior angle,
when it forms with the base a right angle with the apex a little
acute and prominent, disk convex, the central line met in front
by a deeper impression, the base with two deep foveae. Elytra
broad, dilated behind the middle, the apex obliquely sinuated
and produced, deeply and regularly striated, the stride very ob-
soletely punctured, interstices elevated, the third with three
distinct remote impressions ; legs brownish. Length 4J-5 lines.
The name given to this species by Scopoli is restored in right
of priority.
Locally abundant under bark of trees, &c.
(ANCHOMENUS, Bonelli.)
2. A. livens : nigro-piceus ; thorace oblongo-cordato, angulis
posticis subrotundatis ; elytris oblongis, leviter striatis ;
antennis pedibusque rufo-ferrugineis.
Harpalus livens, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 149.
Agonum livens, Steph. Mand. 1. 95, et Manual, p. 28.
Anchomenus livens, Erichson, Kafer, 108.
An. memnonius, Nicol. Col. Agr. Hal. 17. 1. — Sturm, D. F. 5.
170.— Dej. Spec. 3. 110; Icon. 2. 345. pi. 116.
Agonum bipunctatum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 184.
Pitchy black, shining. Head very smooth, with a small fovea
on each side at the base of the antennae and two indistinct red
dots between the eyes ; palpi and antennae rusty red, with the
base of the second, third and fourth joints of the latter dusky.
Thorax oblong, heart-shaped, anterior margin rather straight,
sides rounded in front, obliquely narrowed behind, posterior
angles also rounded, base with two deep fovese, disk with nume-
rous transverse wrinkles on each side the impressed dorsal furrow.
Elytra rather oblong, shoulders rounded and slightly prominent,
sides widest behind the middle, moderately striated, margins with
CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS. 83
a series of deep impressions ; underside smooth and impunctate,
legs red. Length 4 lines.
Very rare. " Bognor ; Hastings ; Brighton ; and on the Nor-
folk coast." Mr. Stephens. In August and September 1849, I
captured three specimens in Bridge Wood, near Tunbridge Wells.
Mr. Janson obtained one last year in Highgate Wood, at sugar
placed to attract Noctuce.
3. A. dorsalis : capite thoraceque viridibus, hoc angustato sub-
cordato, angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis,
striatis, ferrugineis, macula communi posticd viridi-cyaned ;
antennarum basi pedibusque ferrugineis.
Carabus dorsalis, Miiller, Prod. Zool. Dan. 78 (17/6).
Buprestis bicolor, Fourc. Ent. Paris, 1. 44 (1785).
Carabus prasinus, Thumb. Nov. Spec. 4. 74. f. 87 (1785).— Fab.
Maut. 1. 204 (1787).— Payk. Mon. 57 (1790).
Harpalus prasinus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 83.
Anchomenus prasinus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 171. — Dej. Spec. 3. 1 1G ;
Icon. 2. 347. pi. 117.— Steph. Hand. 1. 82, et Manual, p. 25.
— Erichson, Kafer, 118.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 58.
Carabus viridanus, Fab. Mant. 1. 204. — Payk. Mon. 57.
The head and thorax are green, the elytra testaceous with a
large blue-black or greenish cyaneous patch on the disk common
to both and extending from above the middle to the apex, leaving
the margins broadly testaceous. Head large, convex, smooth,
having an impression on each side at the base of the antennae,
the latter are rusty red, with their base and the palpi paler.
Thorax subcordate, narrow, widest below the anterior angles and
rounded in that part, then contracted till just before the posterior
angles, which are almost right angles and slightly elevated, the
dorsal line abbreviated and met before and behind by a transverse
impression, the base also has two oblong foveas. Elytra oblong-
ovate, the humeral angles and sides rounded, the apex obliquely
sinuated, punctate-striated, having three larger impressions on
the third interstice and a series next the eighth stria ; legs pale
red. Length 3 lines.
This species is described under the name C. dorsalis, in Miiller's
' Prodromus/ which consequently claims priority.
Commonly distributed.
4. A. pallipes : alatus, nigro-piceus ; thorace cordato postice
coarctato punctatoque, angulis posticis acutiusculis ; elytris
oblongo-ovatis, striatis , margine plerumque rufescente ; an-
tennis pedibusque pallidis.
Carabus pallipes, Fab. Mant. 1. 202(1 787).— Fab. S. El. 1 . 187.
G 2
84 CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS.
Anchomenus pallipes, Dej. Spec. 3. 119; Icon. 2. 349. pi. 117.—
Heer, Faun. Helv. 58.
Carabus albipes, Fab. S. El. 1. 187.
Harpalus albipes, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 82.
Anchomenus albipes, Sturm, D. F. 5. 175. — Steph. Mand. 1. 82,
et Manual, p. 25. — Erichson, Kafer, 118.
Winged, pitchy black or rusty red, witb the margins of the
elytra sometimes paler ; antennae ferruginous, the base and palpi
pale. Thorax cordate, delicately margined, much contracted
behind, posterior angles minute and acute, disk faintly channeled
and transversely wrinkled, base depressed and strongly punctured
and with two oblong fovese. Elytra very broad, ovate, shoulders
rounded, simply striated, with three impressions on the third
interstice and a series near the outer margin ; legs pale. Length
3J lines.
Very common.
5. A. oblongus : apterus, rufo-piceus ; thorace elongato angus-
tato, postice punctato, angulis posticis acutiusculis ; elytris
punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque pallidis.
Carabus oblongus, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 140 (1792).— Fab. S. El. 1.
185.
Harpalus oblongus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 99.
Anchomenus oblongus, Sturm, D. F. 5. 1 73. — Dej. Spec. 3. 121 ;
Icon. 2. 351. pi. 117.— Steph. Mand. 1. 82, et Manual, p. 25.
—Erichson, Kafer, 118.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 59.
Wingless, pitchy or rusty red. Head elongate, smooth and
shining with an impression on each side between the antennae
which with the palpi are ferruginous red. Thorax elongate and
narrowed, widest in front below the angles and rather rounded,
contracted behind, posterior angles prominent, disk convex, sides
and base not depressed, but much punctured, the dorsal furrow
very indistinct and terminating in front in numerous small
punctures. Elytra oblong-ovate, narrowest at the shoulders,
sides sinuated before the middle, dilated behind and the apex
rounded, very convex, deeply punctate-striated, pitchy castaneous;
legs pale testaceous. Length 2f lines.
Rather local, but extremely abundant in marshy places.
(AGONUM, Bonelli.)
6. A. marginatus : viridis, nitidus ; thorace lateribus subrotun-
dato ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, subtiliter striatis, punctis
tribus impressis, margine tibiisque flavo-pallidis.
CARABINE. ANCHOMENUS. 85
Carabus marginatus, Linn. F. S. 804. — Fab. S. El. 1. 199.
Harpalus marginatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 154.
Agonum marginatum, Dej. Spec. 3. 133; Icon. 2. 355. pi. 118.
— Steph. Mand. 1. 85, et Manual, p. 25.
Anchomenus marginatus, Erichson, Kafer, 109.
Rich satiny green, head and thorax with a coppery tinge,
rarely dark purplish green, the lateral margins of the thorax
narrowly, the entire margins of the elytra broadly edged with
yellow. Head finely wrinkled, eyes prominent, antennae pitchy
black, basal joint testaceous. Thorax short, sides regularly and
equally rounded, posterior angles rounded, disk very much
wrinkled, the dorsal furrow fine, terminating before in a deeper
curved impression, base with two foveae close to the hinder
angles. Elytra broad, shoulders rather elevated and rounded,
sides somewhat parallel, apex produced, finely striated, interstices
flat, the third with three deep punctures and a series on the
margin, suture dull reddish copper ; legs pitchy black, tibiae
pale yellow. Length 4- lines.
Plentiful in marshy places, banks of streams, &c.
7. A. sexpunctatus : capite thoraceque viridi-aneis, hoc trans-
verso, angulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris rubro-cupreis,
subtiliter punctato-striatis, interstitio tertio punctis sex
impressis.
Carabus sexpunctatus, Linn. F. S. 807.— Fab. S. El. 1. 199.
Harpalus sexpunctatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 156.
Agonum sexpunctatum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 202. — Dej. Spec. 3. 140;
Icon. 2. 360. pi. 118.— Steph. Mand. 1. 86, et Manual, p. 25.
Anchomenus sexpunctatus, Erichson, Kafer, 1 10.
Head and thorax brilliant green, brassy, sides of the latter
reddish copper ; palpi and antennae black. Thorax transverse,
broad, sides rounded below the anterior angles, also rounded
and narrowed behind, margins reflexed, and together with a
broad punctate fovea near each hinder angle very rugose and
punctured, the disk also transversely wrinkled, and faintly
channeled down the centre. Elytra broad and short, rather
widest behind the middle, otherwise the sides appear almost
straight, apex slightly produced, rather more convex than mar-
ginatus, very finely striated, the striae faintly punctured, inter-
stices slightly rugose, the third with six deep impressions, more
rarely with five, seven or eight, and a series on the external
margin most frequent at the base and near the apex, the entire
surface is brilliant coppery red, very shining, with the scutellum
and entire margin green ; underside dark green, legs brassy
86 CARABINE. ANCHOMENUS.
black, femora, and occasionally the tibise greenish black. Length
31 lines.
This brilliant species varies occasionally in colour, being
sometimes golden green, purplish or violet, rarely obscure black.
It is somewhat local, but occasionally abundant. Rather plen-
tiful in a damp wood near Newark, Notts; Gamlingay and
Paxton Woods ; Coombe Wood ; Epping Forest ; Hertford, &c.
I have also taken it on the coast, near Ramsgate.
8. A. modestus : capite thoraceque cupreo-aneis, elytris sub-
parallelis, viridibus, suturd cupreo-aned, tenue punctato-
striatis, punctis 6 impressis ; antennis pedibusque nigris.
Agonum modestum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 205. — Dej. Spec. 3. 138 ;
Icon. 2. 359. pi. 118.
Anchomenus modestus, Erichson, Kafer, 109.
Carabus Austriacus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 135.
Agonum Austriacum, Curtis, Ent. pi. 183. — Steph. Mand. 1. 87,
et Manual, p. 26.
Head and thorax coppery with a greenish tinge, the former
oblong and narrowish; palpi and antennae black. Thorax
quadrate, short ; sides regularly and equally rounded from the
anterior angles to the base, lateral margins reflexed and rather
elevated at the hinder angles and somewhat rugose, the angles
scarcely rounded, disk very much wrinkled transversely, with an
impressed dorsal line, and two broad, deep, subpunctate fovese
at the base. Elytra wide, sides almost parallel, apex obliquely
sinuated, green, with the suture obscure coppery as far as the
first stria, finely striated, some of the striae at the base minutely
punctured, interstices flat, the third with six punctures, and the
outer margin with a series of deeper impressions most numerous
at the base ; body beneath greenish black, sides of the head
green and transversely strigose ; legs black. Length 4 lines.
This insect is distinct from C. Austriacus, Fab., though it is
identical with Carabus Austriacus, Dufts., and Agonum Austri-
acum of Dejean's Catalogue. It is much more slender, the
thorax is smaller, narrower and shorter, not much contracted
behind as in that species, nor the sides so widely margined, and
the hinder angles are less rounded and less obtuse, in which
respects it accords more with the form of marginatus, while
Austriacus corresponds with 6-punctatus in the structure of the
thorax; the elytra also are narrower and more parallel, not
oblong-ovate as in Austriacus, and instead of a wide coppery
common streak at the base, have the suture alone as far as the
first stria dull coppery or purplish copper.
CARABIDJE. — ANCHOMENUS. 87
Extremely rare in Britain, the only localities recorded being
" Kingsbridge, Devon ; Clengre, Gloucestershire ; and in Corn-
wall," in the spring. — Mr. Stephens.
9. A. fulgens : igneo-cupreus ; thorace lateribus rotundato ; ely-
tris oblongo-ovatis, striatis, striis subtiliter punctatis,
punctisque majoribus 4, 5 aut 6 impressis.
Agonum fulgens., Davis, London's Mag. Nat. Hist. 5. 247. —
Steph. Mand. 5. 374, et Manual, p. 26.
Brilliant fiery copper tinged with purple and green, margins
of the thorax and of the elytra golden green, the suture also
occasionally greenish. Head smooth behind, transversely strigose
in front, with a small fovea on each side at the base of the
antennae; mouth, palpi and three joints at the base of the
antennae black with greenish reflections, apical joints fuscous.
Thorax subquadrate, sides moderately rounded and narrowed
behind, margins broadly reflexed and with two large fovese at
the base very rugose, the rest of the disk transversely strigose
and the dorsal furrow distinctly marked. Elytra oblong-ovate,
slightly widest behind the middle, apex obliquely sinuated, very
finely punctate-striated, with five distinct impressions between
the second and third striae, and in some examples another nearly
at the termination of the seventh, and an irregular series on the
margin deepest at the apex ; body beneath dark shining green
with a brassy tinge, femora and tibiae shining black with a
coppery reflection, tarsi wholly black. Length 3 lines.
Dr. Schaum in his remarks on the Stephensian species (Ent.
Zeitung), observes that this insect tc is identical with A. Ericeti"
I have compared it with typical examples of the latter insect
which Mr. Wollaston brought from Dr. Heer of Zurich, and
find that it is perfectly distinct. A. Ericeti is a variety of
A. sex-punctatus, and is so recorded in Heer's Fauna Helvetica,
p. 61 ; but it is impossible, after the most careful examination,
to connect the present species with that insect.
It is found upon the high moors at Hebden Bridge,
Luddenden Foot, &c., near Halifax, and on other moors near
York, early in the spring. " Rare near Paisley," Mr. M. Young.
1 0. A. laevis : capite thoraceque viridi-ceneis, hoc transverso,
angulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris fusco-aneis, subtiliter
striatis, interstitio tertio punctis tribus impressis ; antennis
basi tibiisque testaceis.
Carabus l<evis, Miiller, Prod. Zool. Dan. 78 (1776).
88 CARABIDjE. ANCHOMENUS.
C. parumpunctatus, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 157 (1792).— Fab. S. El.
1. 199.
Harpalus parumpunctatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 157.
Agonum parumpunctatum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 210. — Dej. Spec. 3.
143 ; Icon. 2. 363. pi. 119. — Steph. Manual, p. 26.
Anchomenus parumpunctatus, Erichson, Kiifer, 111. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 61.
Agonum plicicolle, Nicol. Col. Agr. Hal. 19. 6. — Steph. Mand.
1.87.
Head and thorax greenish brass, antennae fuscous black, with
the basal joint red. Thorax in form like that of 6-punctatus,
being widest in front with the sides rounded, a little narrowed
behind, finely margined and the edges reflexed, especially at the
posterior angles which are likewise rounded, disk transversely
wrinkled and furnished with a fine dorsal furrow, the base with
two fovese. Elytra brownish brass, the shoulders rather pro-
minent and rounded, the sides widest behind the middle, and the
apex obliquely sinuated, finely striated, the striae obsoletely
punctured, and with three or four deeper impressions on the
third interstice and a series on the external margin ; body
beneath black, thighs greenish black with their base pitchy red,
tibiae and tarsi testaceous. Length 3^-4 lines.
The name given to this species by Miiller ought to receive
the preference. The insect is variable in colour, presenting
different shades of green, coppery or brassy, or blue-black, and
is very common.
11 . A. victims : obscure viridi-aeneus; thoracelato transverso, an-
gulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris ovatis, punctato-striatis,
inter stitiis convexiusculis tertio tripunctato.
Carabus viduus, Panz. Faun. 37.
Harpalus viduus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 153.
Agonum viduum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 185. — Dej. Spec. 3. 149 ; Icon.
2. 368. pi. 119.— Steph. Mand. 1. 88, et Manual, p. 26.
Anchomenus viduus, Erichson, Kafer, 114. — Heer, Faun. Helv.
62.
Larger than Itevis, but resembling it in form. Head black,
smooth and shining, with an oblong impression on each side
between the antennae, which with the palpi are black. Thorax
greenish black or olivaceous or entirely black, the breadth in the
middle greater than the length, sides rounded and deeply
margined and the margins broadly reflexed, especially at the
hinder angles, which are rounded, disk transversely strigose, the
dorsal furrow met in front by a curved impression, the basal
angles each with a large fovea. Elytra greenish brass, ovate,
CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS. 89
much broader than the thorax, shoulders rounded and sometimes
elevated, sides widest behind the middle, apex obliquely sinuated,
moderately convex, deeply striated, the striae obsoletely punctured,
interstices convex, the third from the suture with three punctures
and the margin with a series of deeper impressions ; body beneath
and legs black. Length 4 lines.
This insect is not uncommon in marshy places, in damp woods
under moss and chips of bark, and is widely distributed ; in pro-
fusion in Eridge Woods in autumn.
12. A. mcestus : niger, subnitidus ; thorace lateribus rotundato ;
elytris ovatis, striatis, striis subtilissime punctulatis, inter-
stitiis convexiusculis tertio tripunctato.
Carabus mcestus ?, Dufts. Faun. 2. 138.
Agonum mcestum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 187. — Steph. Mand. 1. 89.
Carabus afer J, Dufts. Faun. 2. 138.
Agonum afrum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 188.— Steph. Mand. 1. 89.
Ag. versutum et Iceve, Steph. Mand. 1. 88, et Manual, p. 26.
Harpalus emaryinatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 450.
Agonum emarginatum, Dej. Spec. 3. 154 ; Icon. 2. 372. pi. 120.
—Steph. Mand. 1. 89, et Manual, p. 26.
This species is rather smaller than viduus, which it very much
resembles in form, but the thorax is narrower, which gives it a
somewhat longer appearance ; the elytra are black without any
tinge of green. Thorax with the sides rounded but less dilated
than in viduus, rather narrowed behind, widely margined, base
with two broad impunctate foveae. Elytra ovate, widest behind
the middle, apex very slightly sinuated, striated, the striae very
finely punctulated, the third interstice with two impressions be-
fore the middle and another close to the second stria nearer the
extremity ; underside and legs black. Length 4 lines.
Harpalus emarginatus, Gyll., is a not unfrequent variety with
the humeral angles of the elytra elevated. Agonum afrum, lave,
versutum and Bogemanni of the Stephensian cabinet must be
referred to this species, which is very abundant in marshy places
and damp woods throughout the kingdom.
13. A. atratus : niger, nitidus ; thorace angustiore, lateribus
subrotundato ; elytris striatis, striis obsolete punctatis ; an~
tennis pedibusque piceis.
Carabus atratus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 138.
Agonum atratum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 189.
Ag. nigrum, Dej. Spec. 3. 157; Icon. 2. 376. pi. 121.
The form of this species is intermediate between those of
90 CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS.
mcpstus and fuliginosus ; it is deep shining black. Head smooth,
mouth reddish, palpi and base of the antennae pitchy, apex of the
latter fuscous black. Thorax narrower than in mcestus and the
sides less rounded, margins less reflexed, posterior angles likewise
less evidently rounded, but more obliquely sloped to the base
and the basal foveae smaller. Elytra oblong-ovate, rounded at
the sides but very slightly widest behind the middle, apex ob-
liquely sinuated, striated, striae very faintly punctured, interstices
flat, the third with three minute punctures ; legs pitchy black.
Length 3J lines.
Found in Hants; Cornwall and other western counties of
England ; abundant near Bristol.
14. A. fuliginosus : piceo-niger, nitidus ; thorace lateribus ro-
tundato, postice angustato, angulis posticis rotundatis ;
elytris ovatis, striatis, striis obsoletissime punctatis, inter-
stitio tertio punctis quinque impresses ; pedibus rufo-piceis.
Carabus fuliginosus, Panz. Faun. 108.
Agonum fuliginosum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 192. — Dej. Spec. 3. 163;
Icon. 2. 380. pi. 122.— Steph. Mand. 1. 93, et Manual, p. 27.
Anchomenus fuliginosus, Erichson, Kafer, 117.
Agonum 4-punctatum, Steph. Mand. 1. 90, et Manual, p. 26.
Ag.piceum, Steph. Mand. 1. 91.
Ag. Simpsoni, striatum et pullum, Steph. Mand. 1. 92.
Ag.fuscipenne, Steph. Mand. 1. 93, et Manual, p. 27.
Ag. gracile, Steph. Mand. 1. 94.
Ag. pusillum, Steph. Mand. 1. 95, et Manual, p. 28.
Head black, with an oblong fovea on each side at the base of
the antennae, which together with the palpi are pitchy black, man-
dibles usually pitchy red. Thorax (PI. II. f. 1) with the sides
regularly rounded and gradually narrowed towards the base,
which is about two-thirds the width of the anterior part, posterior
angles likewise somewhat rounded, disk convex, smooth and
shining on each side the dorsal line, which terminates before and
behind in a distinct impression, base with two oblong smooth
foveae. Elytra ovate, rather narrowed in front and rounded at
the angles, sides then widening till behind the middle, but
lessening at the apex, striated, striae obsoletely punctured, with
occasionally but not always four or five more distinct impressions
between the second and third striae ; the colour varies from pitchy
black to pitchy testaceous; the legs are always more or less
pitchy brown. Length 3 lines.
The insects recorded by Stephens under the names Simpsoni,
pullum, striatum, pusillum and fuscipenne, belong to this species.
The supposed examples of Agonum gracilc, piceum and 4>-puncta-
CARABID.E. ANCHOMENUS. 91
turn, contained in the Stephensian collection, must likewise re-
ceive the same reference. This insect is very common in marshy
places, on river banks, &c.
15. A. gracilis : niger, nitidus ; thorace subquadrato, angulis
posticis rotundatis ; elytris oblong o-ovatis, subtiliter striatis,
punctis quinque impressis ; antennis pedibusque totis nigris.
Agonum gracile, Sturm, D. F. 5. 197. — Dej. Spec. 3. 162 ; Icon.
3. 379. pi. 121.
Harpalus gracilis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 449.
Anchomenus gracilis, Erichson, Kafer, 116.
Agonum atratum, Steph. Maud. 1. 91, et Manual, p. 27.
This species is much more delicately formed than the preceding
and differs in several particulars. The thorax is more quadrate,
not so wide in front, nor so much narrowed at the base, but
the hinder angles are more broadly rounded; the elytra are less
ovate, the shoulders not so much narrowed but broader and more
prominent, the sides less rounded in the middle, but straighter
and the apex broader, they are also much more delicately striated ;
and the entire surface of the insect, including the antennae, palpi
and legs, is uniformly black. Length 3 lines.
The only locality in which I have found the insect is Bridge
Wood, near Tunbridge Wells. "Dalmeney Park and near
Paisley," Murray's Catalogue.
16. A. scitulus : niger, nitidus ; thorace obcordato,posticeangus-
tato; elytris oblongo-ovatis, subvirescentibus, subtiliter
striatis, punctis quinque impressis ; pedibus nigro-piceis.
Agonum scitulum, Dej. Spec. 3. 162 ; Icon. 2. 378. pi. 121.
Ag. consimile, Steph. Mand. 1. 90, et Manual, p. 27.
Shining black, with a faint greenish tinge on the elytra. Head
narrow, convex, with an oblong fovea on each side in front ; tip
of the mandibles pitchy, palpi and antennae pitchy black. Thorax
obcordate, sides rounded and widest rather before the middle,
obliquely narrowed behind, posterior angles subrotundate, disk
convex, dorsal furrow deeply impressed, base with a large oblong
smooth fovea close to each hinder angle. Elytra oblong-ovate,
slightly widening behind the middle, convex, finely striated, the
third stria with from three to five faint punctures ; legs pitchy
black, femora slightly metallic. Length 3 lines.
This insect is smaller and narrower than micans, and like the
preceding species in colour except that it has a greenish tinge on
the elytra. The head is narrower than in micans, the frontal
92 CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS.
impressions smaller; the thorax more obliquely sloped and
narrowed behind, disk smoother, but the dorsal furrow deeper ;
the elytra also are much narrower.
There are two examples under the name consimile in the
Stephensian collection.
1 7. A. micans : subtsneo-virescens ; thorace subquadrato, postice
subrotundato ; elytris oblong o-ovatis, subtiliter striatis,
punctis tribus impressis ; pedibus fusco-piceis.
Agonum micans, Nicolai, Col. Agr. Hal. 19. 7. — Steph. Mand.
1. 91, et Manual, p. 27.
Anchomenus micans, Erichson, Kafer, 115.
Carabus pelidnus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 144.
Agonum pelidnum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 194. — Dej. Spec. 3. 161 ;
Icon. 2. 377. pi. 121. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 63.
Ag. cursitor, Steph. Mand. 1. 91, et Manual, p. 27.
Oblong-ovate, obscure brassy green. Head smooth and
shining, with a slight impression on each side in front ; mandibles
pitchy red, palpi and antennae black, sometimes the base of the
latter pitchy fuscous. Thorax subquadrate, delicately margined,
sides rounded, rather narrowed behind and the posterior angles
also somewhat rounded, each having a deep oblong impression.
Elytra with the shoulders rounded and the sides nearly straight
or very moderately dilated behind the middle, finely striated,
having about three small punctures between the second and
third striae, also a series of larger impressions irregularly
disposed along the margin ; legs pitchy, tibiae and tarsi pitchy
fuscous. Length 3 lines.
Agonum cursitor, Kirby, corresponds with this species, which
is rather a widely-distributed insect in marshes, damp woods
and on river banks. " Dunston and on the banks of the Team,
under the bark of willows, and in the decayed stems of thistles
in moist ditches." Messrs. Hardy and Bold.
18. A. piceus : capite thoraceque nigris, hoc subquadrato, an-
gulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris oblongis leviter striatis
punctis quinque impressis pedibusque piceo-testaceis.
Carabus piceus, Linn. S. N. 2. 672.
C. picipes, Fab. S. El. 1. 203.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 243.
Harpalus picipes, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 151.
Agonum picipes, Sturm, D. F. 5. 196. — Dej. Spec. 3. 164 ;
Icon. 2. 381. pi. 122.— Steph. Mand. 1. 93, et Manual, p. 27.
Head and thorax black ; mouth, palpi, and basal joint of the
CARABID^E. ANCHOMENUS. 93
antennae pitchy. Thorax subquadrate (PI. II. f. 2), small and
narrowish, sides very slightly rounded and not much narrower
behind than in front, posterior angles rounded, disk depressed,
transversely wrinkled, dorsal line entire, base with two deep
smooth fovese. Elytra wider than the thorax, much narrower
than in the preceding species, oblong, shoulders rounded, the
sides not dilated and rounded but almost parallel, moderately
convex, very finely striated, with about five or six small punctures
between the second and third striae and also an interrupted
series of small foveae on the exterior margin ; legs pitchy testa-
ceous. Length 3 lines.
In its general habit this insect bears some resemblance to
the preceding, but the elytra are narrower and more parallel
and uniformly pitchy brown or fuscous, without any tinge of
green. It cannot be confounded with pale pitchy examples of
fuliginosus, because its form is wholly dissimilar, the thorax
being considerably narrower and more quadrate, and the elytra
also narrower and more parallel.
This is the Carabus piceus of Linnaeus, and is so labelled in
the Linnaean Collection. It is a somewhat local species, but
abundant in damp woods, marshes, and on river banks in various
parts of the kingdom.
19. A. pelidnus : nigro-piceus ; thorace oblongo, postice coarc-
tato, angulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris elongato-ovatis,
striatis, striis subtilissime crenulatis, punctis tribus vel
quatuor impressis ; pedibus rufo-piceis.
Carabus pelidnus, Payk. Faun. 1. 134.
Harpalus pelidnus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 150.
Agonum affine, Steph. Mand. 1. 94, et Manual, p. 28.
Elongate, narrow, deep pitchy black; mouth, tip of the
mandibles, base of the palpi and basal joint of the antennae
rufous, the rest of the antennae and of the palpi pitchy. Thorax
oblong, widest in front, sides moderately rounded, much con-
tracted behind, the posterior angles very little evident, disk very
convex, much wrinkled transversely on each side the dorsal
furrow, base with a smooth impunctate oblong impression near
each angle. Elytra elongate, about twice the width of the
thorax, shoulders rounded and a little elevated, the sides rather
parallel or very slightly rounded till behind the middle and
narrowed to the extremity, disk very convex, strongly striated,
the striae impunctate, but some of them appearing under a
magnifying glass to be faintly crenulated, on the second stria
near the apex there is a small impression and two others on the
94 CARABID^l. ANCHOMENUS.
third before the middle, the exterior margin being also furnished
with the usual series of fovese; legs pitchy red. Length 3^
lines.
This species may immediately be distinguished from any of
the preceding by its more elongate narrow form, in which respect
it resembles Thoreyi, but independently of its dark colour it is
rather larger, more convex, the elytra are more deeply striated,
and the sides less parallel than in that insect. It is the true
Carabus pelidnus of Paykull, and perfectly distinct from Ag. pe-
lidnum, Steph., which corresponds with the next species. In the
Stephensian cabinet it stands under the name Ag. affine, Steph.
It is apparently one of our rarest species, and I have met
with but two indigenous examples ; the one in the Stephensian
cabinet above mentioned, captured near London ; and the other
in my own, for which I am indebted to Mr. F. Bates, of
Leicester, who procured it from under a heap of "vegetable
matter (principally Ranunculus aquaticus), raked out of Groby
Pool, near Leicester, in June or July."
20. A. Thoreyi : capite thoraceque nigro-piceis, hoc oblongo-
ovato, postice coarctato, angulis posticis subrotundatis ;
elytris rufescentibus, elongatis, subparallelis, subtiliter
striatis, punctis tribus vel quatuor impressis ; antennis
basi pedibusque rufescentibus.
Agonum Thoreyi, Dej. Spec. 3. 165 ; Icon. 2. 382. pi. 122.
Ag. pelidnum, Steph. Mand. 1. 94, et Manual, p. 28.
Head black or pitchy black, smooth and convex ; mouth,
palpi and basal joint of the antennse pitchy red, rest of the
antennae obscure. Thorax pitchy black with the margins often
narrowly rufous, sometimes the disk pitchy rufous with the
margins paler, oblong-ovate, narrow, sides a little rounded, con-
tracted behind, posterior margins rounded so that the hinder
angles are very slightly evident, disk very convex, having
numerous transverse wrinkles on each side the dorsal furrow
and a very slight stria near each hinder angle. Elytra rufescent,
with an obscure dash in the middle next the suture, elongate,
narrow, about twice the width of the thorax, shoulders rounded,
sides very nearly straight, disk very moderately convex, finely
striated, the third stria with two punctures and the second with
one or two placed as in the preceding species ; body beneath
pitchy, with the thorax occasionally rufescent in less mature
individuals ; legs red with the joints pitchy. Length 3 lines.
This insect nearly resembles pelidnus, but it has always rufes-
cent elytra ; it is also smaller ; the elytra are less convex, more
CARABID.E. ANCHOMENUS. 95
finely striated and their sides more parallel. It was formerly
abundant in the fens about Whittlesea Mere and in Cambridge-
shire. It has been taken by the Rev. W. Little at Raehills,
Dumfriesshire.
21. A. quadripunctatus : nigro-ceneus, thorace transverse, an-
gulis posticis obtusis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, subtiliter
striatis, interstitio tertio foveolis quatuor impressis;
pedibus nigris. (PI. I. f. E.)
Carabus 4-punctatus, DeGeer, Ins.4. 102.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 146.
Harpalus \-punctatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 159.
Agonum 4-punctatum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 21 7. — Dej. Spec. 3. 176;
Icon. 2. 384. pi. 122.
Anchomenus 4-punctatus, Erichson, Kafer, 112.
Agonum cupratum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 218.
This rare and remarkable species is smaller than any of the
preceding. Head black, with a greenish tinge in the centre ;
mouth, palpi and antennae black. Thorax greenish black or
olivaceous, transverse, sides gradually rounded behind and with
an elevated reflexed margin towards the posterior angles, disk
convex, depressed towards the sides, base with two oblong fovese.
Elytra oblong-ovate, broader than the base of the thorax, with
the shoulders rounded, dilated behind the middle, finely striated,
having four deep impressions between the second and third stria*
(rarely five) somewhat irregularly disposed, greenish or blackish
green, shining; body beneath and legs black. Length 2i lines.
The only British example I have seen was taken at Long
Benton, by Mr. T. J. Bold, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, and it is
recorded by him in his Catalogue of the Insects of Northumber-
land and Durham (p. 229).
Genus 32. OLISTHOPUS, Dejean.
Mentum dente medio nutto. Ligula apice truncata, paraglossis
longior. Palpi articulo ultimo fusiformi, apice acuminato.
Mandibulse breves, rectiusculce. Labrum quadratum, apice
truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis,
unguiculi simplices.
1. O. rotundatus : fusco-ceneus nitidus ; thorace semiorbiculato ;
elytris oblongo-ovatis, striatis, striis obsolete punctatis,
inter stitiis lavissimis, punctisque tribus impressis ; pedibus
flavescentibus.
96 CARABID.E. — OLISTHOPUS.
Carabus rotundatus, Payk. Mon. 41. — Payk. Faun. 1. 136.
Harpalus rotundatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 158.
Agonum rotundatum, Sturm, D. F. 5. 213.
Olisthopus rotundatus, Dej. Spec. 3. 177 ; Icon. 2. 388. pi. 123. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 96,.et Manual, p. 28.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 64.
Carabus rotundicollis, Marsham, Ent. 471.
Odontonyx rotundicollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 96, et Manual, p. 28.
Brassy brown, very shining. Head convex, smooth, foveated
between the antennae, mouth, palpi and antennae pitchy brown,
some of the joints of the latter at the base yellow. Thorax
broad and short, semi-orbicular, acutely margined, disk convex,
transversely wrinkled, the dorsal furrow slight, base with two
foveae near the posterior angles, which together with the lateral
margins are strongly punctured. Elytra oblong-ovate, rounded
at the sides, rather narrowed at the apex, striated, the striae
obsoletely punctured, interstices smooth and polished, having
three deep impressions between the second and third striae and
the usual series on the external margin ; legs pale yellow, with
the underside of the body reddish pitchy. Length 3-31 lines.
The difference between this insect and O. rotundicollis is
imaginary. It is a very common species.
Genus 33. PTEROSTICHUS, Bonelli.
Mentum dente medio emarginato. Ligula apice truncata ; para-
glossis membranaceis, linearibus, ei aqualibus. Palpi articulo
ultimo breviore, cylindrico, apice truncato, Mandibulae
mediocres, basi interne crenulatte, acuta. Labrum quadra-
tum, apice truncatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus
dilatatis, singulis obcordatis, subtus biseriatim pectinato-
setosis.
This genus is adopted to comprehend that group of insects to
which Dejean assigned the name Feronia*, but which had been
separated by Bonelli and others, under the names Ptecilus, Ptero-
stichus, Omaseus, Argutor, Steropus, Platysma, Abax, &c., such di-
visions having been based chiefly upon certain external characters,
which upon examination have not proved so in variable as to warrant
their establishment as distinct genera. Redtenbacher divides them
into two genera, Pcecilus and Pterostichus, and among the latter
* The name Feronia cannot here be employed, because it had been
proposed twenty years ago by Dr. Leach for a genus of Homalopterous
Insects, and published with descriptive characters in the second volume of
the Memoirs of the Wernerian Society. — J. F. Stephens.
CARABID^E. PTEROSTICHUS. 97
includes Argutor. Heer again maintains Argutor as a genus,
on the ground of some slight variations in the mandibles and
palpi, and assigns Poscilus, as well as Abax, Platysma and
Omaseus, as subgenera to Pterostichus. Since, however, these
distinctions appear to be unsatisfactory, seeing that the charac-
ters of some insects assigned to one group blend into those of
others which are given to a different group, so as to render it
extremely difficult to determine to which they really ought to
belong, I have merely inserted the names in brackets, for the
convenience of those English entomologists who may possibly
be less familiar with the more generally received arrangement.
(PCECILUS, Bonetti.)
1 . P. cupreus : alatus, oblongo-ovatus plerumque viridi-vel cu-
preo-ceneus, nitidus ; thorace transverse, postice utrinque
bistriato ; elytris striato-punctatis punctisque tribus postice
impressis ; antennarum articulis duobtis basi rufis.
Carabus cupreus, Linn. F. S. 801.— Fab. S. El. 1. 195.
Harpalus cupreus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 114.
Platysma cuprea, Sturm, D. F. 5. 94.
Feronia cuprea, Dej. Spec. 3. 207; Icon. 3. 12. pi. 126.
Pcecilus cupreus , Steph. Mand. 1. 110, et Manual, p. 32.
Pterostichus cupreus, Erichson, Kafer,67. — Heer, Faun. Helv.68.
Var. b. Platysma versicolor, Sturm, D. F. 5. 99.
Pcecilus versicolor, Steph. Mand. 1. 110, et Manual, p. 32.
This species presents various shades of green, brassy green,
brassy, coppery, purplish or black, very brilliant and shining.
Head thickly and minutely punctured, having a fovea on each
side, antenna3 black, with two joints at the base red. Thorax
narrowed in front, transverse, sides moderately rounded, broadly
margined, posterior angles not quite complete right angles, disk
convex in front, depressed on the sides and at the base, the
latter punctured, having also two longitudinal fovese on each
side, the outer one shortest and close to the angle. Elytra ob-
long-ovate, slightly narrowed in front, sides a little rounded,
deeply striated, the striae finely punctured, the interstices convex,
the third with three distinct impressed punctures behind ; under-
side greenish black, thorax, breast and sides of the abdomen in
front more or less punctured, legs black. Length 4^-6 lines.
P. versicolor is a rather smaller and narrower variety of this
species, which is extremely common.
2. P. dimidiatus : alatus, oblongus; capite thoraceque subqua-
drato postice utrinque bistriato cupreis ; elytris viridibus,
98 CARABIDvE. PTEROSTICHUS.
subparallelis, striato-punctatis ; antennarum articulis duo-
bus basi subtus rufo-piceis.
Carabus dimidiatus, Oliv. Ent. 3. 35.— Fab. S. El. 1. 194.
Platysma dimidiata, Sturm, D. F. 5. 90.
Feronia dimidiata, Dej. Spec. 3. 213 ; Icon. 3. 16. pi. 126.
Pcecilus dimidiatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 109, et Manual, p. 31.
Pterostichus dimidiatus, Erichson, Kafer, 68. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 69.
Head and thorax more or less coppery, elytra rich green,
sometimes black. Head with two deep striae in front and other-
wise wrinkled, eyes large and rather prominent, palpi and antennae
black, two joints at the base of the latter reddish beneath with a
black line above. Thorax subquadrate, equally rounded at the
sides, so that the width at the base about equals that of the
anterior margin, posterior angles not quite rectangular, the disk
all over transversely wrinkled, the dorsal furrow in front termi-
nating in an elevated space, behind which there is a correspond-
ing depression, the base rugose, having two longitudinal striae on
each side, the exterior one shortest. Elytra rather broader than
the thorax, rounded at the shoulders but the sides very slightly
rounded or somewhat straight, broadly margined, strongly punc-
tate-striated, the third stria with three more deeply impressed
punctures ; beneath black, sides of the thorax and of the abdomen
in front punctured, legs black. Length 6J lines.
It is a much larger insect than cupreus, and cannot be con-
founded with it. Like it, it is winged, but the head and eyes
are larger, the foveae at the base of the thorax longer, especially
the inner one which extends upwards considerably ; the elytra
are more oblong and their sides more parallel, the striae con-
spicuously punctate, and the two joints at the base of the antennae
are red beneath only.
It is local, but may be taken abundantly on Hampstead Heath
and Wandsworth Common ; and at Folkstone in the spring. It
is also found, as recorded by Mr. Stephens, at " Coombe Wood ;
Southend and in Norfolk."
3. P. lepidus : apterus, oblongus, plerumque cupreo-vel viridi-
aneus, nitidus ; thorace subquadrato, basi profunde bi-
striato ; elytris oblongis, striatis, striis obsoletissime
punctulatis, punctis tribus impressis ; antennis pedibusque
totis nigris.
Carabus lepidus, Fab. Mant. 1. 200 (1787).— Fab. S. El. 1. 189.
— Payk. Mon. 32(1790).
Harpalus lepidus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 94.
CARABID.E. — PTEROSTICHUS. 99
Platysma lepida, Sturm, D. F. 5. 92.
Feronia lepida, Dej. Spec. 3. 218 ; Icon. 3. 21. pi. 127.
Pcecilus lepidus, Steph. Mand. 1. 108, et Manual, p. 31. —
Curtis, Ent. pi. 187.
Pterostichus lepidus, Erichson, Kafer, 67. — Heer, Faun. Helv.
70.
Wingless, narrower and more oblong than the preceding
species, head and thorax brilliant shining greenish copper,
purplish or greenish black, elytra also coppery or greenish
brass, more rarely greenish or bluish black. Head convex
behind, depressed in front of the antenna?, the frontal fovese
smaller, and the eyes less prominent than in dimidiatus, mandi-
bles, palpi and antennae wholly black. Thorax narrower, more
quadrate, more finely margined, more contracted behind, more
convex and smooth on the disk, the basal striae more deeply
impressed, the base smoother and the posterior angles more
rectangular. Elytra oblong, rather contracted in front, sides
very slightly rounded, strongly margined, disk rather flattish,
moderately and less coarsely striated than in dimidiatus, the
stria? so obsoletely punctulated as to be sometimes scarcely per-
ceptible, the third with three impressions, interstices flattish ;
underside greenish black, sides of the breast and of the abdomen
in front finely punctured, legs wholly black. Length 6 lines.
Rather a scarce species, but it has been taken sparingly in
Norfolk, Devon and Hants; at Ely, Cambridge, Northampton,
Hertford and Darenth Wood. It has on more than one occasion
been found in some numbers at Charlton sand-pits in the spring,
by breaking open the crevices in the rocks, in which they conceal
themselves. " Tollcross, near Glasgow." Mr. Hislop.
(ABAX, Bonelli.)
4. P. striola : apterus, niger, depressus ; thorace subquadrato,
basi utrinque profunde bistriato, angulis posticis rectis ;
elytris profunde striatis, interstitiis planiusculis, linea
laterali subcarmata.
Carabus striola, Fab. S. El. 1. 188.
Harpalus striola, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 124.
Abax striola, Sturm, D. F. 4. 147. — Steph. Mand. 1. 125, et
Manual, p. 35.
Feronia striola, Dej. Spec. 3. 378 ; Icon. 3. 151. pi. 148.
Pterostichus striola, Erichson, Kafer, 69. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 79.
Wingless, broad, depressed, shining black. Head with an
oblong fovea on each side between the eyes, and some elevated
lines between them and the fovea3 ; antennae with three joints
100 CARABIDvE. PTEROSTICHUS.
at the base black and glabrous, the remainder fuscous and
pubescent. Thorax subquadrate, narrowed in front, but nearly
straight from about the middle to the hinder angles, which are
right angles, the lateral margins incrassated, disk very strigose,
with a strong dorsal furrow and two elongate very deeply
impressed striae on each side at the base. Elytra ovate, very
broad, the breadth being slightly greater than that of the base
of the thorax, humeral angles prominent, sides very slightly
widest behind the middle, apex broadly rounded with the apical
margin itself very slightly sinuated, deeply striated, having an
elevated keel-shaped longitudinal ridge extending from the
shoulders to about the middle of the seventh interstice, where it
disappears, several of the interstices next the suture being
elevated also at the extremity; legs incrassated, pitchy black,
tibiae and tarsi with red cilia. Length 8-9 lines.
Very common.
(PTEROSTICHUS, Bonelli.}
5. P. niger: oblongus, niger, subnitidus ; thorace quadrato, pos-
tice utrinque leviter impresso bistriatoque, angulis posticis
rectis ; elytris profunde striatis, punctis tribus impressis.
Carabus niger, 111. Kaler, 1. 182.— Fab. S. El. 1. 178.
Harpalus niger, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 86.
Feronia nigra, Dej. Spec. 3. 337; Icon. 3. 108. pi. 142.
Platysma nigra, Steph. Mand. 1. 124, et Manual, p. 35.
Pterostichus niger, Erichson, Kafer, 70. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 81.
Oblong, black, slightly shining. Head with the usual fovese
between the antennae, the latter with three joints at the base
black and glabrous, the remainder fuscous and pubescent.
Thorax quadrate, finely margined and the margins reflexed,
slightly narrowed behind, posterior angles right angles, disk
much wrinkled, depressed, with a deep dorsal furrow, base with
a double impressed stria on each side. Elytra oblong, narrowest
in front, dilated behind the middle, deeply striated, the striae
obsoletely punctate-crenate. S with an elevated oblong tubercle
on the last segment of the abdomen. Length 8-10 lines.
Common.
6. P. pammpunctatus : apterus, niger, nitidus ; thorace qua-
drato, postice angiLstato, basi utrinque profunde striato ;
elytris oblongo-ovatis, profunde striatis, interstitio tertio
punctis tribus impressis.
Mas. abdominis segmento ultimo lineola acute elevata.
CARABTD^E. — PTEROSTICHUS. 101
Germar, Spec. Nov. 19. 31 (1824).— Steph. Manual, p. 35.—
Heer, Faun. Helv. 72.
Feronia parumpunctata, Dej. Spec. 3. 342; Icon. 3. 112. pi. 142.
Pterostichus brunnipes, Steph. Mand. 1. 121.
Wingless, shining black. Head with two transverse striae in
front and a slight fovea on each side behind them, apex of the
palpi and of the antennse ferruginous red. Thorax quadrate,
anterior angles prominent, sides rounded and dilated in front,
much narrowed behind, the margins reflexed, the hinder angles
rectangular with their apex slightly obtuse, disk with a very
deeply impressed dorsal furrow and a profound stria on each
side at the base, exterior to which is a small ovate impression
close to the angle. Elytra oblong-ovate, shoulders rounded,
deeply striated, interstices rather coarsely elevated, with three
impressions on the third ; $ with a longitudinal acutely-elevated
ridge on the last segment of the abdomen. Length 7-8 lines.
" Local, but abundant at Newcastle, Benwell, Ouseburn
Dene, Long Benton, Dunston, Ravensworth, Gateshead Fell,
&c.," in spring and autumn. Hardy and Bold's Catalogue.
(PLATYSMA, Bonelli.)
7. P. oblongo-punctatus : alatus, obscure seneus ; thorace
quadrato, postice angustato, basi utrinque unistriato, an-
gulis posticis acutiusculis ; elytris ovatis, striatis, foveolis
quinque impressis ; palpis, tibiis tarsisque rufo-piceis.
Carabus oblongo-punctatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 202 (1787) — Fab.
S. El. 1. 183.— Payk. Mon. 55 (1790).
Harpalus oblongo-punctatus., Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 85.
Platysma oblongo-punctata, Sturm, D. F. 5. 51.
Feronia oblongo-punctata, Dej. Spec. 3. 316; Icon. 3. 99. pi. 140.
Pterostichus oblongo-punctatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 122, et Manual,
p. 35.— Erichson, Kafer, 76.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 71.
Winged, obscure brassy black. Head smooth and shining,
with a faintly impressed fovea on each side in front connected by
a transverse stria, antennse black, palpi red. Thorax quadrate,
the length being fully equal to the breadth in front, the anterior
margin curved inwards in the middle considerably, so that the
anterior angles are very prominent, sides rounded from the
angles to behind the middle, then much contracted till just
before the posterior angles, before which they become produced,
so as to form, with the base, a little acute angle, the base itself
being nearly straight, disk transversely wrinkled, dorsal furrow
abbreviated in front and terminating in a curved stria, rather
deeper behind just before it reaches the base, the latter much
102 CARABlD^l. PTEROSTICHUS.
depressed, punctured on each side, and with a large punctured
fovea terminating in an oblong stria about midway between the
dorsal furrow and the exterior margin. Elytra broad, short,
widest behind the middle, apex considerably narrowed, moderately
striated, having from three to five large impressions irregularly
disposed on or near the third interstice ; beneath black, femora
pitchy, tibiae and tarsi reddish. Length 5|-6 lines.
At first sight this species appears to resemble Orinomus, but
its characters are wholly dissimilar. The thorax is much longer
and therefore more quadrate, the base more truncate, the pos-
terior angles less elevated and more acute, the base more
depressed and the basal impression extends more considerably
upwards ; the form and sculpture of the elytra also are equally
dissimilar.
Local. Bagley Wood, Oxon ; Harleston Woods, near North-
ampton, under chips of pine bark in abundance; Windsor;
Devonshire, &c. Found also in Ireland.
(ADELOSIA, Stephens.}
8. P. picimanus : alatus, nigro-piceus, depressus ; thorace cor-
dato,postice coarctato, utrinque unistriato ; elytris oblongis,
subparallelis, punctato-striatis, punctis tribus impressis,
antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus picimanus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 159.
Platysma picimana, Sturm, D. F. 5. 48.
Feronia picimana, Dej. Spec. 3. 310 ; Icon. 3. 87. pi. 138.
Pterostichus macer, Steph. Mand. 1. 123.
Adelosia picea, Steph. Manual, p. 35.
Winged, depressed, pitchy black or pitchy red, shining.
Head large, with a slight fovea on each side between the
antennae, three joints of the latter smooth, the upper ones
fuscous and pubescent. Thorax cordate, much contracted
behind, but the posterior angles rectangular, often rusty red,
the dorsal furrow strongly impressed, the base with two oblong
smooth striae. Elytra oblong, the shoulders rounded, the sides
almost parallel, but a little waved before the middle, rounded
and not narrowed at the apex, disk rather depressed, finely
punctate-striated, the third stria with three deep impressions,
one before the middle, another a little behind the middle and
the third at the extremity ; underside and legs rusty red.
Length 6 lines.
If piceus be Olivier' s name for this insect, the more generally
received one (picimanus) ought to stand, because the former had
CARABIDJB. PTEROSTICHUS. 103
previously been employed by Linnseus to represent a different
species of Carabus.
This is rather a local species. " Hackney Marshes, Battersea
Fields, and near Southend ; " " Common on the banks of the
Tees," are the localities given by Mr. Stephens. I have found
it not very commonly in the Isle of Wight. " Near Dublin by
J. Tardy." A. H. Haliday, Esq.
(STEROPUS, Megerle.)
9. P. madidus : apterus, niger, nitidus ; thorace subrotundato,
postice utrinque foveolato ; elytris ovatis, striatis, puncto
postice impressis ; pedibus nigris vel rufis.
Mas, abdominis segmento ultimo obtuse dentato.
Carabus madidus, Fab. Mant. 1. 199. — Fab. S. El. 1. 181.
Platysma madida, Sturm, D. F. 2. 49. pi. 112.
Feronia madida, Dej. Spec. 3. 294 ; Icon. 3. 79. pi. 136.
Steropus madidus, Steph. Mand. 1. 117, et Manual, p. 33.
S. arrogans, Steph. Mand. 5. 376, et Manual, p. 33.
Wingless, shining black, sometimes slightly brassy, palpi red,
apex of the antenna? testaceous. Thorax quadrate, slightly
rounded at the sides and narrowed a little behind, but again
rounded at the posterior angles, disk convex, smooth, or slightly
wrinkled, the dorsal line strongly impressed, the base with a
broad rugged fovea close to each angle. Elytra ovate, convex,
striated, the stria? obsoletely punctured, the third interstice with
a deep puncture a little before the extremity ; underside black,
legs sometimes black, sometimes entirely red ; last segment of
the abdomen in the <? armed with an obtuse tooth. Length
7-8 lines.
Steropus arrogans, Steph., does not differ from this species.
Carabus arrogans , Dufts. (Feronia Gagatina, Dej.) is a consider-
ably larger insect, which is found in Spain, but neither in France
nor Britain. This species is very common in England, Scotland
and Ireland.
10. P. JEthiops : apterus, niger, nitidus ; thorace subrotundato,
basi utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris
ovatis, striatis, punctis tribus impressis.
Mas, abdominis segmento penultimo dentato.
Carabus JEthiops, Panz. Faun. 37- 22. — 111. Kafer, 1. 161.
Pterostichus ^thiops, Sturm, D. F. 5 . 3 1 .— Heer, Faun. Helv. 84.
Feronia ^Ethiops, Dej. Spec. 3. 298 ; Icon. 3. 84. pi. 137.
Steropus dZthiops, Steph. Mand. 1. 117, et Manual, p. 33.
104 CARABID.E. — PTEROSTICHUS.
S. concinnus, Curtis, Ent. pi. 171.
S. cognatus, Steph. Mand. 5. 377, et Manual, p. 33.
Considerably smaller than madidus, wingless, deep shining
black. Head with a transverse impression in front and two small
fovese placed further back than in madiflus, tip of the palpi red.
Thorax rotundate at the sides, narrowed and very much rounded
behind at the angles, dorsal furrow entire, base with two deep
fovese. Elytra more ovate and shorter than in madidus, rather
narrowed in front and rounded at the shoulders, sides also
rounded and widest behind the middle and not narrowed at the
apex, only very slightly sinuated, convex, deeply striated, the
striae impunctate, the third interstice with three punctures and
the margin with the usual series ; underside shining black, the
penultimate segment of the abdomen of the <? armed with an
obtuse tooth. Length 5J lines.
This insect is found in the mountainous districts of the North
of England, Wales and Scotland. Abundant on the Snowdon
range, in August 1847. S. cognatus, Steph., does not differ
from it.
(OMASEUS, Ziegler.)
11. P. aterrimus : alatus, ater, nitidus ; thorace transverso,
postice utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis subrotundatis ;
elytris oblongis, subparalleliSj Isevigatis, subtilissime punc-
tato-striatis, profunde trifoveolatis.
Carabus aterrimus, Payk. Mon. 127 (1790). — Fab. S. El. 1.
198 (1801).
Harpalus aterrimus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 153.
Platysma aterrima, Sturm, D. F. 5. 29.
Feronia aterrima, Dej, Spec. 3. 290 ; Icon. 3. 75. pi. 135.
Omaseus aterrimus, Curtis, Ent. pi. 15. — Steph. Maud. 1. 113,
et Manual, p. 32.
Pterostichus aterrimus, Erichson, Kafer, 75.
Winged, black, smooth and shining. Head with a ridge in
front on which are two small fovese, and behind it an oblong
fovea on each side, apex of the antennse fuscous black and
slightly pubescent. Thorax transverse or subquadrate, narrowed
and rounded behind, the lateral margins broadly reflexed, espe-
cially at the posterior angles, disk convex on each side the
dorsal furrow, which is interrupted in front by a deep depression,
and anterior to that there is a corresponding elevation, base
depressed, having on each side a large punctured fovea close to
the angles. Elytra oblong, broader than the thorax, not nar-
rowed in front, only the humeral angles a little rounded, sides
very nearly straight, apex rounded, disk convex, finely striated,
CARABID^E. PTEROSTICHUS. 105
the striae obsoletely punctate, the second with two large impres-
sions, one about the middle, the other further behind, the third
stria with one impression in advance of the former, sometimes
these impressions are on the third interstice, all the interstices
very smooth and glabrous, the striae in the ? are much fainter,
sometimes almost obsolete, the margin has a continuous series
of punctures ; the underside and legs black. Length 6£ lines.
Very local : plentiful in the fens about Whittlesea Mere ;
Bottisham and the Cambridgeshire marshes; Horning Fen,
Norfolk, &c. Mr. Clear has taken it also in the neighbourhood
of Cork.
12. P. Orinomus: alatus, obscure aeneo-niger, nitidus ; thorace
subquadrato, postice subangustato, utrinque parce punctato
foveolatOy angulis posticis acutiusculis ; elytris oblongo-
ovatis, striatisy striis obsoletissime punctatis, foveis quinque
disco impressis.
Omuseus Orinomum, Steph. Mand. 1. 114, et Manual, p. 32.
O. Bulwerii, Steph. Mand. 1. 114, et Manual, p. 32.
Winged, deep shining black, more or less metallic in the <?,
dull black in the $ . Head with a transverse band in front
bearing fovese and two larger oblong foveae behind it, antennae
brownish black and pubescent at the apex. Thorax subquadrate,
but in some examples rather more nearly quadrate than in others,
sides rounded below the anterior angles, narrowed behind,
moderately margined, posterior angles rather acute, disk trans-
versely wrinkled with an impressed dorsal furrow abbreviated in
front and terminating in a depression, base with a deep punc-
tured fovea on each side. Elytra oblong-ovate, rounded at the
shoulders, thence slightly and gradually rounded and widening
till behind the middle, obliquely sinuated and narrowed at the
apex, finely striated, the striae sometimes obsoletely punctured,
especially on the sides, interstices convex in the <?, flatter in
the ? , with five or six deep impressions irregularly placed on or
near the third from the suture. Length 5 lines.
The variety O. Bulwerii has a more brassy surface and is found
in Ireland.
Locally distributed in the mountainous districts of the North
of England, Wales and Scotland. Near Hebden Bridge, &c.,
Yorkshire ; on the high moors near Llangollen, and on the left
of the Ruthin road in July and August. " Langley Common,
and on the summit of Hedgehope in June." Messrs. Hardy and
Bold.
106 CARABID^E. — PTEROSTICHUS.
13. P. melanarius : oblongus, niger ; thorace subquadrato, pos-
tice subangustato, utrinque foveolato Ustriato, angulis
posticis obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, interstitiis con-
vexiusculis.
Carabus melanarius, 111. Kafer, 1. 163.
Harpalus melanarius, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 92.
Feronia melanaria, Dej. Spec. 3. 271 ; Icon. 3. 66. pi. 133.
Omaseus melanarius, Steph. Mand. 1. 115, et Manual, p. 33.
O. affinis, Steph. Mand. 1. 116.
O. sulcatus, Steph. Mand. 5. 376, et Manual, p. 33.
Carabus leucophthalmus, Fab. S. El. 1. 177.
Deep black, shining. Head with the usual impressed fovea
on each side between the eyes very strongly marked. Thorax
subquadrate, the breadth in front being greater than the length,
the sides obliquely narrowed behind the middle, the posterior
angles small and prominent, but the apex of the angle itself
obtuse, disk much wrinkled, dorsal furrow entire and more
deeply impressed at the base, the latter impunctate, but with
two deep rough fovese terminating in a longitudinal stria and
exterior to these with an elevated fold running into the angle.
Elytra broader than the thorax, and furthermore dilated behind
the middle, convex, deeply striated, the second stria from the
suture with two deep impressions, one about the middle and the
other two-thirds the distance between that and the apex. Length
6^-9 lines.
Although this insect is the C. vulgaris of the Linnsean Collec-
tion as shown by the major part of the examples placed there
under that name, it cannot be the species intended by Linnaeus
to represent his C. vulgaris, because he expressly describes the
latter as nigro-aneus. It must consequently continue to bear
the name assigned to it by Illiger:
The insects recorded under the names O. affinis and sulcatus
in the Stephensian cabinet evidently belong to the present
species. The former is a very large example, and the latter a
somewhat small mountain variety which is abundant in North
Wales.
Common.
14. P. nigrita : oblongus, niger ; thorace subquadrato, postice
subangustato, utrinque punctulato foveolato bistriatoque,
angulis posticis obtusiusculis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis
planiusculis.
Mas, abdominis segmcnto ultimo tuberculato.
CARABID^E. PTEROSTICHUS. 107
Carabus nigrita, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 158.— Fab. S. El. 1. 200.
Harpalus nigrita, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 88.
Feronia nigrita, Dej. Spec. 3. 284 ; Icon. 3. 68. pi. 134.
Omaseus nigrita, Steph. Hand. 1. 114, et Manual, p. 32.
O. rufo-femoratus, Steph. Mand. 1. 115, et Manual, p. 33.
Pterostichus nigrita, Erichson, Kafer, 71.
Winged, shining black. Head smooth, with an oblong wrinkled
fovea on each side. Thorax subquadrate, sides rather rounded,
narrowed behind, posterior angles obtuse, each with a deep bi-
lobed punctured fovea. Elytra oblong, deeply striated, the strise
occasionally very faintly punctured, having also three deeper
impressions between the second and third strise; abdomen of
the $ with a small tubercle on the last segment. Length 4|-5
lines.
O. rufofemoratus, Steph., is a variety of this very common
species.
15. P. anthracinus : oblongus, niger ; thorace subquadrato, basi
utrinque punctulato foveolato bistriatoque, angulis posticis
acutiusculis ; elytris oblongis, subparallelis, striatis, inter-
stitiis planis, summo apice ad suturam denticulo pro-
minulo armatis.
Mas, abdominis segmento ultimo profunde foveolato.
Carabus anthracinus, 111. Kafer, 1. 181.
Harpalus anthracinus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 425.
Feronia anthracina, Dej. Spec. 3. 286 ; Icon. 3. 69. pi. 134.
Omaseus anthracinus, Steph. Manual, p. 33.
More oblong than nigrita. Thorax longer, the sides straighter
and the base more truncate, the posterior angles more acute, the
basal fovese larger and more densely punctured. Elytra more
elongate, less narrowed in front, sides more parallel, armed at
the extreme tip next the suture with a minute denticulation, a
character which distinguishes it in both sexes from nigrita ; and
the c? has furthermore a large fovea on the last segment of the
abdomen beneath. Length 5 lines.
Not uncommon in marshes ; abundant at Whittlesea Mere
and at Herringstone, Dorset; also within the London district,
at Hammersmith, Battersea fields, &c. It is found likewise in
the north of England and in Ireland.
16. P. gracilis : oblongus, niger ; thorace subquadrato, postice
utrinque punctato foveolato ; elytris oblongis, striatis, striis
obsolete punctatis ; antennis pedibusque piceis. Abdominis
segmento ultimo in utroque sexu Isevigato.
108 CARABID^E. PTEROSTICHUS.
Feronia gracilis, Dej. Spec. 3. 287 ; Icon. 3. 71. pi. 135.
Pterostichus gracilis, Erichson, Kafer, 72. — Heer, Faun. Helv.
83.
Omaseus tetricus, Haliday, Curtis, 2nd ed. f. 15. — Steph. Ma-
nual, p. 33.
O. rotundicollis, Steph. Mand. 5. 376, et Manual, p. 33.
Shining black, apex of the antennae and of the palpi testaceous,
and the base of some of the joints pitchy red. Thorax sub-
quadrate, a little narrowed behind, the sides acutely margined,
the hinder angles right angles and a little prominent, the base
with a very large rugose fovea on each side terminating as usual
in two striae. Elytra rather parallel, striated, the striae obsoletely
punctured, with three deeper impressions on the third interstice,
two of them near the second stria and one near the third ; abdo-
men beneath smooth in both sexes, the rudiments only of a
raised line being discernible under a magnifying glass on the
last segment, each segment having two punctures placed equi-
distant from each other so as to form two parallel lines of
punctures; legs pitchy red, middle of the femora darkest.
Length 4 lines.
The species is not common ; Mr. Haliday captured it near
Belfast. I have taken it in the marshes near Whittlesea Mere and
at Herringstone near Dorchester in May and June, and in Ham-
mersmith marshes, not unfrequently among refuse or under
stones. The examples in the Stephensian cabinet which stand
under the name rotundicollis belong to this species, and are stated
to have been captured near London.
17. P. minor : alatus, niger ; t Horace subquadrato, postice utrin-
que punctulato bistriatoque ; elytris oblongis, striatis, striis
subtiliter punctatis ; antennis pedibusque rufo-piceis.
Mas, abdominis segmento ultimo lineola elevata ornato.
Harpalus minor, Sahl. Ins. Fenn. 221. — Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 426.
Feronia minor, Dej. Spec. 3. 287; Icon. 3. 71. pi. 135.
Pterostichus minor, Erichson, Kafer, 72. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 83.
Harpalus anthracinus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 89.
Argutor anthracinus, Steph. Mand. I. 105, et Manual, p. 31.
Omaseus laevigatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 115, et Manual, p. 32.
Winged, black or pitchy black, mouth, palpi and antennae
pitchy red, base of the latter dusky ferruginous. Thorax sub-
quadrate, sometimes entirely quadrate, rather narrowed behind,
posterior angles right angles, the dorsal furrow more deeply im-
pressed before and behind, the base with two foveae much punc-
tulated, the space between them being in some examples smooth,
in others very much punctured, and the size of the foveae varies
. PTEROSTICHUS. 109
in different individuals, in some assuming the form of an oblong
impression, in others expanding considerably. Elytra oblong,
narrow, sides rather parallel, striated, the striae faintly punctured,
having three larger impressions on the third interstice and the
usual series on the margin ; body beneath smooth with the sides
of the breast alone punctured, tip of the abdomen testaceous red,
and furnished with a slightly elevated longitudinal line in the $ ;
legs pitchy red. Length 3^ lines.
Argutor anthracinus and Omaseus l&vigatus, Steph., both be-
long to this species. It is found in marshy places, but is rather
local. I have taken it plentifully in the Bridge Woods near
Tunbridge Wells and in the Huntingdonshire and Cambridge-
shire fens ; it is abundant on the edges of Whittlesea Mere both
in spring and autumn. Mr. Haliday captured it also in Ireland.
(ARGUTOR, Megerle.)
18. P. vernalis : alatus, niger, nitidus ; thorace subquadrato,
postice utrinque punctato unistriatoque, angulis posticis
subrectis ; elytris oblongis, subparallelis, fortiter striatis,
striis obsolete punctatis ; antennis pedibusque piceis.
Harpalus vernalis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 90.
Feronia vernalis, Dej. Spec. 3. 240 ; Icon. 3. 32. pi. 129.
Argutor vernalis, Steph. Mand. 1. 103, et Manual, p. 30.
Platysma crenata, Sturm, D. F. 5. 73.
Argutor rufomarginatus, Curtis, Ent. pi. 666.
A. inquinatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 103, et Manual, p. 30.
Winged, black and shining. Head smooth, with two transverse
striae in front, palpi and antennae pitchy black, base of the latter
pitchy red. Thorax subquadrate, sides very moderately and
equally rounded, so that the width before and behind is nearly
the same, posterior angles minute at the tip and not quite right
angles, disk convex, dorsal furrow very slight, base impunctate
in the middle, but strongly punctured on both sides, having also
an oblong impression or stria in the midst of a wide shallow
fovea in which the punctures are contained close to the hinder
angles. Elytra wide, oblong, sides almost parallel, apex rounded,
deeply striated, the striae finely punctured, the third interstice
with three more distinct impressions, the base without the short
stria next the scutellum ; sides of the breast strongly punctured,
legs pitchy black. Length 3 lines.
A. inquinatus, Steph., is identical with this insect, of which
also A. rufomarginatus, Curtis, is an immature example. It is a
very abundant species in marshy places, on the banks of rivers,
&c., throughout the kingdom.
110 CARABID^E. PTEROSTICHUS.
19. P. inaequalis : nigro-piceus, nitidus ; thorace oblongo sub-
quadrato, postice punctulato utrinque foveolato, angulis
posticis rectis ; elytris oblongis, striatis, striis subtiliter
crenulatis ; antennis pedibusque rufescentibus.
Carabus incequalis, Marsham, Ent. 456.
Argutor incequalis, Steph. Mand. 1. 103, et Manual, p. 30.
Carabus -Scalesii, Marsham, Steph. Mand. 1. 103, et Manual,
p. 30.
C. longicollis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 180.
Argutor longicollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 104, et Manual, p. 30. —
Curtis, Ent. pi. 666.
Feronia negligens, Dej. Spec. 3. 249 ; Icon. 3. 35. pi. 129.
Smaller and less convex than the preceding, pitchy black,
sometimes pitchy ferruginous, shining. Head very small and
narrow, palpi and antennae red. Thorax oblong, broad in front
and much rounded below the anterior angles and dilated in the
middle, from thence narrowed towards the base, just before which
it becomes straight and with the posterior margin forms a right
angle, disk very smooth and glossy on each side the dorsal furrow,
which is entire and is met in front by a slight curved transverse
stria, the entire base together with two oblong impressions mid-
way between the dorsal furrow and the hinder angle closely
pimctured. Elytra oblong, sides nearly straight, not at all dilated
behind the middle, the entire surface equally and regularly striated,
the stria? finely crenulated, sometimes with one or more punctures
on the third interstice, the base without the short stria next the
scutellum; the whole underside thickly punctured, legs red.
Length 2J lines.
Abundant on the coast at Cowes, Ryde and Sandown, Isle of
Wight ; Herne Bay ; Gravesend ; " Southend and among rejecta-
menta of the Irwell and Stirling." Also common in damp woods
near Tunbridge Wells and Newark.
20. P. erythropus : nigro-piceus, nitidus ; thorace subcordato,
postice punctato, utrinque striato, angulis posticis acutis ;
elytris oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibus-
que rufo-piceis.
Carabus erythropus, Marsham, Ent. 461.
Argutor erythropus, Steph. Mand. 1. 105, et Manual, p. 31.
Harpalus pygmceus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 114.
H. strenuus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 428.
Feronia strenua, Dej. Spec. 3. 252 ; Icon. 3. 39. pi. 130.
Argutor interstinctus, Steph. Mand. 1. 104, et Manual, p. 30.
Pitchy black, shining, palpi and antennae red, sometimes pitchy.
CARABINE. — PTEROSTICHUS. Ill
Thorax subcordate, sides very much rounded and dilated in front,
contracted behind, posterior angles acute, the entire base distinctly
punctured and with an oblong punctured impression or narrow
fovea on each side. Elytra oblong-ovate, much wider than the
thorax, shoulders regularly rounded, sides very gradually widen-
ing and rounded about the middle, then insensibly narrowed
again and the apex rounded, the disk convex, strongly striated,
the striae most distinctly punctured, the outer striae less deeply
punctured and less profoundly impressed than the others;
the underside of the thorax punctured on the sides, legs red,
sometimes pitchy. Length 3 lines.
The principal characters which distinguish this insect from
strenuuSj which it so nearly resembles as to be constantly con-
founded with it, consist in the distinct punctuation at the base
of the thorax and its more rotundate form in front, the wider
and more oval form of the elytra and its more deeply punctured
striae.
This species is rather scarce. Stephens remarks that it is
" common in the London districts, in Scotland, &c.," but that
observation must be considered applicable rather to the next
species, which he appears to have confounded with it, the two
species being mixed up in his collection, though the description
given is to be referred to the present insect. The species re-
corded by him as interstinctus is identical with it, and its localities
given are " Hertford and Southend in the spring." I have taken
it in Eridge Woods near Tunbridge Wells in the autumn, and a
black variety near Hebden Bridge and in the neighbourhood of
Newark.
21. P. strenuus : nigro-piceus, nitidus ; thorace subquadrato,
postice utrinque striato, angulis postids acutiusculis ; elytris
striatis, striis subtilissime punctatis ; antennis pedibusque
rufo-piceis.
Car abus strenuus, Panz. Faun. 38. — 111. Kafer, 1. 185.
Argutor strenuus, Steph. Mand. 1. 105, et Manual, p. 30. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 66.
Pterostichus strenuus, Erichson, Kafer, 74.
Harpalus pullus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 429.
Feroniapulla, Dej. Spec. 3. 254; Icon. 3. 41. pi. 130.
Argutor pullus, Steph. Mand. 1. 105, et Manual, p. 31.
A. diligens, Steph. Mand. 1. 104, et Manual, p. 30.
This insect closely resembles erythropus, but is usually rather
smaller and narrower. The thorax is less dilated at the sides
and more gradually contracted behind, the posterior angles being
also a little more acute and prominent ; the base of the thorax is
112 CARABID.E. — PTEROSTICHUS.
either not at all punctured, or in some individuals presents a
very slight punctuation ; the elytra are less wide and the sides
less rounded, th2 entire disk is very equally striated, but the
stria3 most obsoletely punctured, the inner striae being as delicately
marked as the outer three ; underside smooth ; legs red, some-
times in darker individuals pitchy black. Length 2J lines.
This insect is extremely common everywhere and is generally
known among us as erythropus, but I have assigned that name
to the preceding species on the ground of Marsham's description,
" Elytra profundiuscule striata, in striis punctula plurima conspi-
cienda." There is a variety of this also as well as of the preceding
which is entirely shining black, including the antennae and legs.
(PLATYDERUS, Stephens.}
22. P. ruficollis : apterus, rufo-piceus ; thorace rufescente, ob-
longo-quadrato postice utrinque unistriato, angulis posticis
obtusiusculis ; elytris elongatis, subparallelis, striatis,
punctisque tribus impressis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus rujicollis, Marsham, Ent. 456.
Platyderus ruficollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 101, et Manual, p. 30.
Feronia depressa, Dej. Spec. 3. 258 ; Icon. 3. 46. pi. 131.
Argutor depressus, Heer, Faun. Helv. 66.
Wingless, elongate, depressed, pitchy or ferruginous. Head
pitchy, very smooth and shining, flattened in front and having a
transverse stria between the antenna, very convex behind ; palpi
and antennae rusty red. Thorax oblong-quadrate, the anterior
angles prominent, and below them the sides regularly and mode-
rately curved, narrowed behind, posterior angles obtuse, rufescent,
very smooth and glossy, having a deep dorsal furrow and a
strongly impressed impunctate stria on each side at the base
about midway between the dorsal furrow and the lateral margin,
the base itself being also smooth and impunctate. Elytra elon-
gate, rather wider than the thorax, rounded at the shoulders, but
with the sides somewhat parallel, narrowed however at the apex,
pitchy ferruginous, rather flattish, evenly and smoothly striated,
the strise impunctate, with three impressions on the third from
the suture and a series on the exterior margin ; underside smooth,
legs red. Length 3^ lines.
The colour varies, probably according to maturity ; sometimes
the elytra are ferruginous red, in other individuals pitchy with
their base slightly rufous, but the thorax is always rufescent.
This insect was first described by Marsham under the name which
I have retained for it in right of priority. It is better known on
CARABIDjE. STOMIS. 113
the continent as Feronia depressa, Dej., and is apparently every-
where uncommon.
Stephens states that it is found under moss at the roots of
trees in Richmond Park. " Scarce beneath loose cinders and
stones on the coast at South Shields in April and May." T. J.
Bold. I have found it under stones by the road-side between
Folkstone and Sandgate in May rather plentifully.
Genus 34. STOMIS, Clairville.
Mentum dente medio integro. Ligula apice obtusa ; paraglossis
membranaceis, linearibus, earn longe superantibus. Palpi
articulo ultimo subfusiformi, apice truncato, penultimo sub-
cequali. Mandibulse elongate, porrectce. Labrum breve,
emarginatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis,
subtus biseriatlm pectinato-setosis.
1 . S. pumicatus : nigro-piceus , nitidus; thorace elongate cordato,
postice coarctato utrinque unistriato punctulatoque ; elytris
oblongis, punctato-striatis, antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus pumicatus, Panz. Faun. 30. 16.
Stomis pumicatus, Clairv. Ent. Helv.2.49.— Sturm, D. F.6.4.—
Dej. Spec. 3. 435 ; Icon. 3. 207. pi. 156.— Steph. Mand. 1.
118, et Manual, p. 34. — Erichson, Kafer, 76. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 64.
Harpalus pumicatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 3. 693.
Elongate, wingless, pitchy black, shining. Head narrow,
smooth, with a small impression in the centre of the crown and
a slight punctured fovea on each side, palpi and antennae red.
Thorax elongate cordate, sides very much rounded and dilated
below the anterior angles, much contracted behind, posterior
angles rather elevated, small and acute, disk convex, the dorsal
line bordered by a few punctures, the base with an even transverse
depression and an oblong striated fovea on each side of it. Elytra
elongate ovate, having the shoulders narrowed and rounded,
punctate-striated and somewhat crenulated; underside of the
thorax, breast and sides of the abdomen punctured, legs red.
Length 3 lines.
Not uncommon beneath stones in England, Scotland and
Ireland, though apparently nowhere abundant.
Genus 35. BROSCUS, Panzer.
Mentum dente medio integro. Ligula apice truncata ; paraglossis
membranaceis, apice rotundatis, ei cequalibus. Palpi articulo
114 CARABID.E. BROSCUS.
ultimo subcylindrico, apice truncato ; maxillares articulo ul-
timo penultimo aquali, labiales eo breviore. Mandibulse
valida, inermes. Labrum truncatum. Tarsi antici maris
articulis dilatatis, primo elongato triangulari, secundo tertio-
que breviter obcordatis.
1. B. cephalotes : ater, opacus ; thorace cordato, postice coarc-
tato ; elytris elongatis, subparallelis, subtilissime punctato-
striatis.
Carabus cephalotes, Linn. F. S. 788 Fab. S. El. 1. 187.
Harpalus cephalotes, Clairv. Ent. Helv. 2. 71. — Gyll. Ins. Suec.
2. 147.
Broscus cephalotes, Sturm, D. F. 4. 141.— Steph. Mand. 1.118,
et Manual, p. 34.
Cephalotes vulgaris, Dej. Spec. 3. 428 ; Icon. 3. 203. pi. 155.
— Erichson, Kiifer, 77.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 19.
Elongate, opake black. Head sparingly punctured and strigose,
with two broad punctured fovese between the antennae, the latter
black, with some of the upper joints fuscous testaceous. Thorax
cordate, very much contracted behind, very convex, with the
usual central line and the disk transversely wrinkled, the base
coarsely punctured; scutellum semirotundate, with an impression
on each side. Elytra elongate, shoulders rounded, sides some-
what parallel, but slightly widest behind the middle, convex,
very faintly punctate-striate, with seven or eight small remote
punctures near the outer margin ; legs elongate, anterior tibise
armed with two long spines, one at the apex and the other about
the middle. Length 8-10 lines.
The generic name Cephalotes, Bonelli, is now commonly
received on the Continent to represent a group of five remark-
able insects, two only of which occur in Europe. The species
before us is the most commonly known, and stands as Cephalotes
vulgaris, Bonelli ; but Panzer's name Broscus claims rather the
priority, and the specific name vulgaris had already been
employed.
This insect is very abundant, burrowing under stones and
marine rejectamenta, on many of the sandy coasts of England,
Scotland and Ireland; it is not, however, as has been commonly
supposed, exclusively a coast species, for it has been taken by
T. V. Wollaston, Esq. on a sandy common near Twigmoor, in
the north of Lincolnshire, forty miles from the sea; and I myself
have captured specimens near Woburn, in Bedfordshire, more
than double that distance from the coast.
CARABIDJS. MISCODERA, 115
Genus 36. MISCODERA, Eschscholtz.
Mentum dente media minima, obtuso. Ligula obtusa ; paraglossis
membranaceis, ei aqualibus. Palpi articulo ultimo subcylin-
drico, truncato. Mandibulse acuta, unidentata. Labrum
quadratum, tmncatum. Tarsi antici marts articulis tribus
dilatatis.
1. M. arctica : csnea nitidissima ; thorace subgloboso, postice
coarctato ; elytris ovatis, dorso obsolete punctato-striatis ;
antennis pedibusque rufis.
Scarites arcticus, Payk. Faun. 1. 85.
Clivina arctica, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 168.— Dej. Spec. 1. 420;
Icon. 1. 217. pi. 23.
Miscodera arctica, Steph. Mand. 1. 377, et Manual, p. 34.
Leiochiton Jleadii, Curtis, Ent. pi. 346.
L. arcticum, Heer, Faun. Helv. 19.
Variable in colour, usually brownish brass, sometimes greenish
or bluish black. Head smooth, with a transverse ridge in front
and an impression on each side, palpi and antennae red. Thorax
truncate in front, sides very much rounded and dilated before
the middle and contracted behind, globose and shining, with a
slight dorsal line, but without basal fovese, base with a narrow
depresed neck remote from the elytra, and furnished with a few
punctures on the sides. Elytra ovate, with the shoulders
rounded, dilated behind the middle, very convex and shining,
having a few irregular more or less obsolete punctured stria3
near the suture, which vanish towards the extremity, and a
scarcely punctured one next the margin, which is continued to
the apex, the margin itself being sometimes narrowly edged
with red ; body beneath blue-black, apex of the abdomen rufous,
legs short and wholly red. Length 3 lines.
This species was first described by Eschscholtz, in the ' Bul-
letin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou/ in
1830. It is very local and nowhere abundant. It is found
upon some of the high moors in Derbyshire, Yorkshire, and in
Scotland. I have taken it also on the mountains near Llangollen
in North Wales, in August.
Genus 37. ZABRUS, Clairville.
Mentum dente media Integra. Ligula apice retusa ; paraglossis
membranaceis, extus rotundatis, ligulam parum superantibus .
i 2
116 CARABID^E. ZABRUS.
Palpi articulo ultimo subcylindrico,penultimo breviore. Man-
dibulae valida, breves. Labrum emarginatum. Tibiae antica
spind apicali duplice. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus
dilatatis, singulis obcordatis, subtus biseriatim pectinato-
setosis.
1. Z. piger : niger, convexus ; thorace transverso, postice punc-
tato, utrinque obsolete impresso ; elytris interdum nigro-
sub&neis, parallelis, valde convexis, punctato-striatis ; an-
tennis tibiis tarsisque rufo-piceis.
Buprestis piger, Fourc. Ent. Paris. 1. 52 (1/85).
Carabus gibbus, Fab. Ent. S. 4. 442 (1794).
Zabrus gibbus, Clairv. Ent. Helv. 2. 82.— Sturm, D. F. 4. 128.
— Dej. Spec. 3. 453 ; Icon. 3. 234. pi. 159.— Steph. Mand.
1. 140, et Manual, p. 39.
Winged, convex, deep black, with sometimes a brassy tinge
on the elytra. Head with an elevated transverse fold or band in
front, behind which is a longitudinal impression in the middle
of the forehead and a rugged fovea on each side; palpi and
antennae rusty red. Thorax transverse, narrowed in front, sides
rather straight behind, posterior angles right angles, base as
broad as the elytra, disk much wrinkled all over, the dorsal line
crossed in front by a depressed space, on the sides of which
appear a few punctures and longitudinal striae, the base also
depressed and much punctured, the punctures extending partly
up the margins, the basal foveae very slight. Elytra broad,
parallel, very convex, coarsely punctate-striated ; underside of
the thorax in the middle, breast and sides of the abdomen
punctured ; femora black, tibiae and tarsi red. Length 6i lines.
This species, the only one of the genus found in Britain, is
apparently local and uncommon. According to Stephens it
occurred " in plenty at Worthing, in August 1817, and at
Brighton the following year," — "in profusion at Hastings in
September," — " every autumn plentifully in the open corn-fields
about Cambridge." It has been found also at Walmer and
Richmond.
Genus 38. AMARA, Bonelli.
Mentum dente medio emarginato vel subemarginato ', rarius integro.
Ligula apice truncata ; paraglossis membranaceis, earn hand
superantibus. Palpi maxillares articulo ultimo ovato, labiales
articulo ultimo fusiformi vel subcylindrico. Mandibulae
breves, valida. Labrum leviter emarginatum, vel subtrunca-
tum. Tarsi antici maris articulis tribus dilatatis.
CARABID^E. AMARA. 117
The genus Amara consists of two divisions; the first comprises
those species which have the thorax quadrate or subquadrate, and
dilated behind ; and the second comprehends those which have
the thorax narrowed behind. Amara, or the first division, has
been furthermore subdivided by Zimmermann into the sub-
genera —
Amara, or species which have the posterior tibiae of the <J densely
pilose within.
Celia (from which Acrodon does not materially differ), or species
which have the posterior tibiae of the c? glabrous within
or slightly pilose.
Percosia, or species which have the posterior tibiae in both sexes
glabrous.
The second division is likewise supposed to comprehend —
Leirus (Brady tus, Steph.), or species which have the posterior
tibiae densely pilose within.
Braditus (Curtonotus, Steph.), or species which have the posterior
tibiae in both sexes glabrous.
I am not, however, disposed to place much reliance on these
subdivisions.
* Prothorax quadratus, subquadratus, postice dilatatus.
1. A. obsoleta : ovata, plerumque anea; thorace postice utrinque
obsoletissime bi-impresso ; elytris striatis, striis postice
profundioribus ; antennarum articulis tribus basi rufis ;
pedibus nigris.
Dej. Spec. 3.460; Icon. 3. 241. pi. 160.— Steph. Mand. 1. 129, et
Manual, p. 36. — Erichson, Kafer, 85. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 93.
Carabus trivialis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 116.
Amara trivialis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 46. pi. 145.
Carabus ovatus, Fab. S. El. 1. 196.
Amara ovata, Sturm, D. F. 6. 51. pi. 146. — Steph. Mand. 1.
129, et Manual, p. 36.
A. ingenua et subcenea, Steph. Manual, p. 38.
Ovate, broad, above brassy, greenish brass, brassy black, blue-
black, or, more rarely, brilliant shining green. Head smooth,
transversely striated in front, palpi and antennae brownish black,
three joints at the base of the latter red. Thorax narrowed in
front, anterior angles prominent, sides rounded and gradually
widened to about the middle and presenting a somewhat dilated
118
CARABID^l. AMARA .
appearance, then straight, posterior angles very little produced,
with the tip itself obtuse, disk convex, very smooth and shining,
the dorsal'furrow very slender, the base with two obsolete fovese
on each side and a transverse indistinct impression at the base
of the dorsal furrow. Elytra in front as broad as the thorax,
ovate, sinuated a little at the apex, striated, the stride impunctate,
but deeper at the extremity; legs black, tibise and tarsi with red
cilia. Length 4i lines.
Fabricius described an unusual variety of this insect (probably
immature) under the name ovatus, having a brownish body and
red legs. A. obsoleta, Dej., presents the typical characters of
the species. A. ingenua, sub&nea and lata of the Stephensian
collection belong to the present species.
Generally distributed, but not very abundant.
2. A. similata : oblongo-ovata, cenea ; thorace antice angustato,
basi utrinque subpunctato obsolete bi-impresso ; elytris
striatis, striis subtilissime punctulatis ; antennarum arti-
culis tribus basi rufis, tibiis obscure rufis.
Harpalus similatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 138.
Amara similata, Dej. Spec. 4. 461 ; Icon. 3. 243. pi. 160. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 128, et Manual, p. 36.— Erichson, Kafer, 85.
Carabus obsoletus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 116.
Amara obsoleta, Sturm, D. F. 6. 52. pi. 145.
Smaller and proportionally narrower than obsoleta, brassy
brown. Head small, with a slight fovea on each side between
the eyes, the antennae brownish, with three joints at the base
red. Thorax more narrowed in front than in obsoleta and less
broad at the sides, the basal impressions more distinct and faintly
punctured. Elytra, striated, the striae very faintly punctulated ;
tibise obscurely red. Length 4 lines.
Commonly distributed, and in profusion at Dover and on the
South Downs.
3. A. acuminata : lata, ovata} ainea ; thorace postice utrinque
profunde uni-impresso ; elytris apice subacuminatis, stri-
atis, interstitiis subelevatis ; antennarum articulis tribus
basi rufis, pedibus niyris.
Carabus acuminatus, Payk. Faun. 1. 166.
Harpalus acuminatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 136.
Amara acuminata, Sturm, D. F. 6. 42. pi. 143. — Erichson,
Kafer, 86.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 93.
Carabus eurynotus, 111. Kafer, 1. 167.
CARABID-flS. AMARA. 119
Amara eurynota, Dej. Spec. 3. 458 ; Icon. 3. 239. pi. 160.-—
Steph. Mand. 1. 127, et Manual, p. 36.
A. carata, Steph. Mand. 1. 127.
Ovate, very broad, shining brassy. Head smooth, mouth,
palpi and antennae black, three joints at the base of the latter
red. Thorax narrowest in front, anterior angles produced, very
wide behind, having a slight abbreviated dorsal furrow and on
each side at the base a very deep small pit remote from the
posterior margin, hinder angles produced and acuminated.
Elytra scarcely wider than the thorax, ovate, apex obliquely
sinuated and acuminated, striated, the striae impunctate, inter-
stices rather elevated ; legs black, tibiae and tarsi with red cilia.
Length 5 lines.
Generally distributed.
4. A. trivialis : oblongo-ovata, plerumque anea ; thorace antice
angustato, basi utrinque foveola unica profunde impresso;
elytris subtiliter striatis ; antennarum articulis tribus basi
rufis ; tibiis rufo-piceis.
Harpalus trivialis, Gvll. Ins. Suec. 2. 140.
Amara trivialis, Dej. Spec. 3. 464; Icon. 3. 246. pi. 160.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 129, et Manual, p. 36. — Erichson, Kafer, 87.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 94.
A. atra, Steph. Mand. 1. 134, et Manual, p. 37.
Variable in colour, being brassy, greenish brass, bright green,
coppery, black or occasionally cyaneous. Head with an obsolete
fovea on each side in front ; three joints at the base of the
antennae red, the rest black. Thorax narrowed in front, as wide
behind as the elytra, the angles produced, disk with a slight
dorsal furrow and a deep small pit on each side at the base,
somewhat after the manner of that in the preceding species, also
close to the angles a small shallow impression. Elytra oblong-
ovate, narrowed at the apex, finely striated ; tibiaB pitchy red.
Length 3^ lines.
A. atra, Steph., is a black individual of this species, which is
extremely abundant everywhere.
5. A. spreta : ovata, fusco-anea ; thorace antice angustato, pos-
tice utrinque bifoveolato obsoleteque punctato ; elytris
striatis, striis subtilissime punctulatis ; antennarum arti-
culis tribus basi rufis ; tibiis rufo-piceis.
Dej. Spec. 5. 791 ; Icon. 3. 248. pi. 161.— Erichson, Kafer, 87.
—Heer, Faun. Helv. 94.
A. curta, Steph. Manual, p. 36.
120 CARABID^E. — AMAKA.
Allied to vulgarix, brownish brassy with a coppery and greenish
hue, sometimes brassy black, often entirely brassy. Head ob-
scurely foveated in front, two joints at the base of the antennae
red, the rest wholly black and all the joints rather slender.
Thorax shorter and narrower in front than in the next species,
the dorsal furrow deeply impressed, the base with two very
deeply impressed foveae on each side and much punctulated, the
anterior angles produced and the posterior ones rather acumi-
nated. Elytra evenly striated throughout, the striae very faintly
punctulated, legs black, tibiae pitchy reddish. Length 3^ lines.
A. curta, Steph., is a dark representative of this species, which
is not very common. I have taken it in Kent and in some of
the midland counties, and have received it from the north of
England. " Hertford," Mr. Stephens. " On the Bents at
South Shields, in May and June," Mr. Hardy. " Fifeshire,"
Mr. Murray.
6. A. vulgaris : oblongo-ovata, plerumque cenea ; thorace postice
utrinque obsolete bistriato ; elytris striatis, striis postice
profundioribus ; antennis basi rufis ; tibiis rufo-piceis.
Carabus vulgaris, Linn. F.S.799.— Miiller, Prod. Zool. Dan. 79.
Harpalus vulgaris, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 138.
Amara vulgaris, Sturm, D. F. 6. 48. — Dej. Spec. 3. 463; Icon.
3. 243. pi. 160.— Steph. Mand. ]. 128, et Manual, p. 36.—
Heer, Faun. Helv. 94.
A. convexior, Steph. Mand. 1. 131.
A. obtusa, Steph. Mand. 1. 132.
A. laticollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 133, et Manual, p. 37.
Oblong-ovate, brassy black, or brassy brown, or dark metallic
green, sometimes blue-black, rarely bright green. Head with a
small impression on each side close to the eyes, first and second,
sometimes also the third joint at the base of the antennae red.
Thorax narrowest in front, sides gradually widening till near the
base when they turn a little inwards to meet the elytra, disk
rather convex in front, the dorsal furrow slender and interrupted
before, but reaching behind to the posterior margin, the base
depressed, having on each side a double subpunctate impression,
sometimes very indistinct and the usual little puncture close to
the angle. Elytra oblong-ovate, convex, finely striated, the striae
deepening towards the extremity ; legs brassy black, tibiae and
sometimes the tarsi pitchy red. Length 3^ lines.
The name contrusa, given to it by Schiodte, has been adopted
on the Continent for this species, on the grounds that vulgaris,
Linn., belongs, according to the Linnaean Collection, to the
CARABID.E. AMARA.
121
insect we know as Pterostichus melanarius, but, as before stated,
the Linnsean diagnosis will not accord with that insect ; I have
therefore retained the name vulgaris for this.
A. obtusa, Steph., is a black variety of this insect : A. laticollis
is an imperfectly formed <? of the same, to which also A. convexior
must be assigned. A. plebeia of the Stephensian collection is
represented by some examples of this species, but as the descrip-
tions given by Stephens manifestly apply to the true plebeia, I
have given his references to that insect.
This species, with all its varieties of colour, is generally distri-
buted throughout the kingdom.
7. A. communis : oblonga, cenea, nitida ; thorace amplo, postice
utrinque subtiliter punctulato foveolato ; elytris subtiliter
striatis, striis subtilissime punctatis ; antennis basi tibiis-
que rufis.
Harpalus communis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 145.
Amara communis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 49. — Dej. Spec. 3. 467 ;
Icon. 3. 250. pi. 161.— Steph. Mand. 1. 133, et Manual, p. 37.
— Erichson, Kafer, 90. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 94.
Smaller, more oblong and more convex than vulgaris, brilliant
brassy. Head as in the preceding species, palpi and antennae
black, two joints at the base of the latter red. Thorax broad,
the anterior margins straight in the middle, but the angles pro-
duced, the sides less narrowed, the disk more convex, having
numerous fine wrinkles on each side the dorsal furrow, and the
entire base very minutely and closely punctured, and furnished
on each side with a double obsolete fovea. Elytra oblong, sides
almost straight, convex, finely striated, the striae obsoletely
punctured, the punctuation being sometimes almost impercep-
tible ; legs black, tibiae rusty red. Length 3 lines.
A. (Bnea, Meg., is a brassy green variety of this insect, and
A. ferrea, Sturm, a darker example of the same.
Commonly distributed.
8. A. curta : ovata, obscure anea ; thorace postice utrinque ob-
solete bistriato ; elytris striatis, striis apice profundioribus ;
antennarum articulis duobus basi rufis ; tibiis rufo-piceis.
Dej. Spec. 3. 468 ; Icon. 3. 253. pi. 161.— Erichson, Kafer, 88.
—Heer, Faun. Helv. 95.
Shorter and wider in proportion to its smaller size than com-
munis, less convex, generally obscure brassy black or bronze with
122 CARABID^E. AMARA.
a greenish tinge, sometimes more brilliant brass. Head blackish,
convex behind, obsoletely impressed in front of the antennae, the
latter with two joints at the base red, the rest brownish black
with the tip testaceous. Thorax narrowed in front, sides rounded
below the anterior angles, which are slightly prominent, then
straight behind the middle and as broad as the elytra, the dorsal
furrow transversely wrinkled in the middle and terminating at
the base in some very fine longitudinal strise, between which
and the angles are two obsolete impressions on each side, the
inner one oblong and reaching to the hinder margin, the exterior
one round. Elytra broad and rather shortish ovate, being a
little widest behind the middle, simply striated, the strise some-
what deeper at the apex, interstices flat ; legs black, tibiae rusty
red. Length 2f lines.
Not uncommon on the sand-hills at Deal in company with A.
lucida and tibialis, but immediately distinguishable from either
by its broader form.
9. A. familiaris : oblong o-ovata, &nea ; thorace antice angustato,
postice obsolete bi-impresso ; elytris subtiliter striatis ; an-
tennarum articulis tribus basi pedibusque rufis.
Carabus familiaris, Dufts. Faun. 2. 119.
Harpalus familiaris, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 145.
Amara familiaris, Dej. Spec. 3. 469; Icon. 3. 254. pi. 161. —
Steph. Mand. 1. 133, et Manual, p. 37.— Erichson, Kafer, 90.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 96.
A. cursor, Sturm, D. F. 6. 57.— Steph. Mand. 1. 130, et Ma-
nual, p. 37.
A. lavis, Steph. Mand. 1. 130.
A. lucida, Steph. Mand. 1. 134, et Manual, p. 37.
Oblong-ovate, brassy or greenish brass, bronzed black, some-
times pitchy with the margins of the thorax reddish. Head with
a small impression on each side a little behind the antennae, three
joints at the base of the latter red. Thorax narrowed in front,
with the anterior angles prominent, straight from about the
middle to the posterior angles, which are rectangular, the dorsal
furrow very slender, the base with two very shallow impressions
on each side and without any appearance of punctuation. Elytra
ovate, with the sides moderately rounded, very finely striated, the
stria? a little deeper at the apex ; legs entirely red. Length 3
lines.
A. IfEvis and lucida, Steph., are identical with the present
species, which is extremely common.
10. A. lucida : oblongo-ovata, viridi-tenea ; thorace postice utrin-
CARABID^E. AMARA. 123
bifoveolato ; elytris punctato-striatis, striis apice
profundioribus ; antennarum articulis tribus basi pedibus-
que rufis.
Carabus lucidus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 121.
Amara erythropa, Steph. Mand. 1. 134, et Manual, p. 37.
A. infima, Steph. Mand. 1. 135, et Manual, p. 38.
A. aemina, Zimm. Gist. Faun. 1. 37. — Erichson, Kafer, 91.
Similar in form to familiaris, but much smaller. Oblong-
ovate, brassy green or green, blue-black or piceous ; three joints
at the base of the antennae testaceous red. Thorax narrowed in
front, the anterior angles not so prominent as in familiaris, but
rather obtuse, sides rounded in front below the angles, then
straight and as wide behind as the elytra, base with two lightly
impressed fovese on each side, the inner one largest and rather
rugged. Elytra ovate, punctate-striated, the striae rather deeper
before the apex ; legs entirely red. Length 2-J lines.
This species is found abundantly on sandy commons among
moss, under stones and at the roots of plants in company with
tibialis. Very plentiful at Deal, Rye, Isles of Wight and Portland ;
Hampstead Heath, &c. &c.
11. A. tibialis : oblongo-ovata, convexa, &nea ; thorace postice
utrinque profunde bifoveolato; elytris punctato-striatis ;
antennis basi tibiisque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus tibialis, Payk. Faun. 1. 168.
Harpalus tibialis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 145.
A. tibialis, Dej. Spec. 3. 471 ; Icon. 3. 256. pi. 162.— Steph.
Mand. 1. 135, et Manual, p. 38. — Erichson, Kafer, 91. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 96.
Carabus viridis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 120.
A. viridis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 60. pi. 147.
Smaller, narrower and more convex than lucida, shining brassy,
or brassy black, sometimes purplish; antennae with two (sometimes
three) joints at the base testaceous red. Thorax narrower and
more convex than in the preceding species, anterior angles
slightly prominent, the basal foveae more distinct and very deeply
impressed, the interior one largest, somewhat triangular and
touching the posterior margin, the exterior one being a deep
round pit close within the angle. Elytra deeply punctate-
striated throughout ; legs black, with the tibiae alone testaceous
red. Length 2 lines.
Its narrower and more convex form, more brassy appearance,
the deeper foveae at the base of the thorax and the testaceous tibiae
sufficiently distinguish it from lucida.
Abundant on sandy commons.
124 CARABID^l. AMARA.
12. A. strenua : oblong a, convexa, anea ; thorace basi utrinque
profunde unistriato ; elytris punctato-striatis, striis postice
profundioribus ; antennarum articulis tribus basi rufo-
testaceis ; tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis ; tibiis anticis spina
apicali tricuspi.
Zimm. Gist. Faun. 1. 32. — Erichson, Kafer, 84.
A. Vectensis, Dawson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 3. 213 (1849).
A. tricuspidata, Steph. Manual, p. 38.
Oblong, convex, above brassy brown, greenish brass, more
rarely blue-black, head, thorax and elytra not always concolorous ;
antenna? fuscous black, with the first, second, third and basal
half of the fourth joints red. Thorax subquadrate, the breadth
greater than the length, narrowed in front, anterior angles
scarcely prominent, sides rounded till about the middle, after that
nearly straight to the hinder angles, which are acutely prominent,
the basal margin being sloped downwards at the extremities so
as to give that appearance, disk convex, dorsal furrow transversely
wrinkled and terminated before and behind in a slight depression,
having numerous fine striae impressed thereon, the base being
furthermore furnished with a very deep oblong stria or small
fovea on each side about midway between the dorsal furrow and
the lateral margins and a smaller one close to each angle. Elytra
oblong, sides very slightly rounded, convex, finely punctate-
striated, the punctures vanishing before the extremity when the
striae deepen ; thighs pitchy black, tibiae and tarsi rusty red ;
anterior tibise with the spine at the apex tricuspid, the middle
mucro being longest, stoutest and slightly incurved, the inner one
smallest. Length 4 lines.
This species has hitherto in this country been found exclusively
in the Isle of Wight, and is usually abundant in the marshes near
Ryde early in the spring.
13. A. plebeia : oblongo-ovata, eenea, nitida ; thorace postice
utrinque bifoveolato, foveis crebre punctulatis ; elytris
punctato-striatis ; antennarum articulis tribus basi tibiis-
que rufo-testaceis ; tibiis anticis spina apicali tricuspi.
Harpalus plebeius, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 141.
Amara plebeia, Dej. Spec. 3. 467; Icon. 3. 249. pi. 161.— Steph.
Mand. 1. 132, et Manual, p. 38.— Erichson, Kafer, 84. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 92.
A. nitida, Steph. Manual, p. 37-
Above brassy black, or greenish brass. Head convex, smooth
and shining, obsoletely impressed in front, palpi and antennae
black, three joints at the base of the latter red. Thorax narrowed
CARABID.E. AMARA. 125
in front, anterior angles acutely prominent, sides regularly curved
to behind the middle, then straight before the posterior angles,
which are produced, disk convex in front, depressed behind,
having two deep punctured fovese on each side. Elytra oblong-
ovate, narrowed and obliquely sinuated at the apex, striated, the
striae finely but distinctly punctured ; femora black, tibia alone
testaceous, tarsi pitchy ; the spine at the apex of the anterior tibiae
tricuspid. Length 3 lines.
A. nitida, Steph. (not Sturm), is identical with this species ;
with which also that author's descriptions ofplebeia correspond,
though the individuals in his collection standing with that name
belong to A. vulgaris.
This species is generally distributed.
(CELIA, Zimmermann.}
14. A. ingenua : ovata, fusco-anea ; thorace transverse, antice
subangustato, postice utrinque bifoveolato, foveis punctatis ;
elytris punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus inyenuus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 110.
Harpalus ingenuus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 443.
Amara ingenua, Dej. Spec. 3. 498; Icon. 3. 286. pi. 166.—
Erichson, Kafer, 92. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 88.
A. latay Sturm, D. F. 6. 23.
A. subcenea, Sturm, D. F. 6. 29.
Ovate, broad, obscure brassy, or dull blackish brass. Head
very short, with two impressions behind the antennse, which with
the palpi are red. Thorax transverse, very short, narrowed in
front, broad behind yet slightly sloped to the posterior angles
which are rectangular, the base has two deep fovese which are
slightly punctured, the exterior fovea runs into the angle with an
elevated ridge by the side of it externally. Elytra broader than
the thorax, rounded and widening a little at the sides, narrowed
at the apex, punctate-striated, the outer margin with a series of
impressions at the base and before the apex ; legs red. Length
4 lines.
This species appears to be very rare in this country ; the only
indigenous example I have seen was sent me from Scotland ; it
perfectly agrees with specimens received from Paris. The sup-
posed examples in the Stephensian collection are to be referred
to A. obsoleta.
15. A. oricalcica : oblongo- ovata, fusco-anea ; thorace subqua-
dratOj basi punctate utrinque bifoveolato, angulis posticis
126 CARABID^E. AMARA.
rectis ; elytris punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque Jer-
rugineis,
Carabus oricalcicus, Muller, Prod. Zool. Dan. 79 (1776).
Harpalus bifrons, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 144.
Amara bifrons, Dej. Spec. 3. 485; Icon. 3. 269. pi. 164. — Steph.
Mand. 1 . 130, et Manual, p.38.— Erichson, Kafer, 94.— Heer,
Faun. Helv. 90.
A. brunnea, Sturm, D. F. 6. 56.
Carabus lividus, Fab. S. El. 1. 201.
Amara discrepans, Steph. Mand. 1. 131.
About the size of A. familiaris. Oblong-ovate, brassy brown,
shining ; mouth, palpi and antennse rusty red, tip of the mandi-
bles black. Thorax short, sides a little rounded below the an-
terior angles, broad behind, posterior margin almost straight, and
the basal angles right angles, these together with the lateral
margins rusty red, the base much depressed and punctured, with
two large fovese on each side which are strongly punctured.
Elytra very little rounded on the sides, moderately convex,
punctate-striated throughout, apex testaceous ; legs wholly red.
Length 3 lines.
This species, commonly known under the name A. bifrons, had
been previously described as Carabus oricalcicus in the ' Zoologies
Danicse Prodromus/ 1776, which name I have restored to it in
right of priority. The original example of C. lividus, Fab., in the
Copenhagen Museum, is according to Erichson an immature
individual of this species, to which also C. discrepans, Marsham,
belongs. It is not a very common species, but has been taken
near Richmond ; at Hertford ; South Shields and Berwick-upon-
Tweed; and is likewise included among the Irish species.
(ACRODON, Zimmermann.)
16. A. brunnea : ovata, obscure nigro-cenea ; thorace amplo,
basi utrinque bifoveolato punctatoque, angulis posticis
subrotundatis ; elytris fortiter punctato-striatis ; antennis
pedibusque rufis.
Harpalus brunneus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 143.
Amara brunnea, Dej. Spec. 3. 483; Icon. 3. 266. pi. 163.—
Steph. Mand. 1. 131, et Manual, p. 38.— Erichson, Kiifer, 95.
Pitchy, thorax and elytra with a greenish metallic tinge,
margins of the former narrowly red. Head smooth and convex
behind, with a small oblong impression on each side in front,
palpi and antennae red. Thorax short and broad, a little
narrowed in front and the anterior angles produced, sides dilated
and rounded below them, then nearly straight or very slightly
CARABID.E. AMARA.
127
sloped inwards towards the base, which is depressed and punc-
tured and has two punctured fovese on each side, the exterior one
smallest. Elytra ovate, moderately convex, strongly punctate-
striated ; underside black, legs red. Length 2| lines.
Stephens's description corresponds with this species, but the
examples in his cabinet belong to the preceding species.
Rare. Stated by Mr. Haliday to have been taken at Port-
marnoch in Ireland, by Messrs. Tardy and Furlong.
(PERCOSIA, Zimmermann.)
17. A. patricia: ovata, nigro-picea, nitida ; Horace transverse,
postice punctato, utrinque bifoveolato, angulis posticis
rectis ; elytris punctato -striatis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus patricius, Dufts. Faun. 2. 110.
Amara patricia, Dej. Spec. 3. 502; Icon. 3. 292. pi. 167. —
Erichson, Kafer, 92.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 87.
A. zabroides, Dej. Spec. 3. 504 ; Icon. 3. 294. pi. 167.
Brady tus marginatus, Curtis, Ann. Nat. Hist. 5. 274. — Steph.
Manual, p. 39.
Pitchy black, very shining, margins of the thorax sometimes
more or less red, broader, less convex and more ovate than the
next species ; palpi and antennse wholly red. Thorax as wide
again as the head, very short, the width about half as much
more as the length, a little narrowed at the anterior angles, which
are not prominent, rounded below them as far as the middle,
then straight and with the posterior angles produced, the base
very depressed punctured and with two large and very broad
somewhat united punctured fovese quite extending from the
dorsal line to the hinder angles on each side. Elytra very broad
ovate, deeply striated, the striae finely punctured, interstices very
smooth and glossy ; legs red. Length 4-5 lines.
Not common. Mr, Curtis's examples of Bradytus marginatus,
which correspond with this species, were taken at Boxhill. I have
captured it at Deal ; Folkstone ; and near Beddgelert in North
Wales in August.
** Prothorax postice plus minus angustatus.
(BRADYTUS, Stephens.)
(LEIRUS, Zimmermann.)
18. A. consular is : oblongo-ovata, nigro-picea, nitida; thorace
subquadrato, postice utrinque profunde bifoveolato, foveis
128 CARABID.E. AMARA.
punctatis ; elytris crenato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque
ferrugineis.
Carabus consularis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 112.
Amara consularis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 26. — Dej. Spec. 3. 501 ; Icon.
3. 290. pi. 167.— Erichson, Kiifer,82. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 97.
Bradytus consularis, Steph. Mand. 1. 136.
B. crassus, Steph. Mand. 1. 131, et Manual, p. 39.
Harpalus latus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 133.
Oblong-ovate, pitchy black, very shining, the elytra of the <J
sometimes metallic. Head smooth, a little rugose in front, palpi
and antennae ferruginous. Thorax short, slightly narrowed in
front and very little rounded on the sides, scarcely narrowed be-
hind, the posterior angles right angles, disk smooth and glossy,
with an impressed dorsal furrow and two deep punctured foveae
on each side at the base, the inner one largest, and exterior to
the outer one with an elevated fold running into the angle.
Elytra rather broader than the base of the thorax, sides slightly
rounded, crenate-striated, the striae deepening at the extremity,
the outer margin with a series of deeper impressions interrupted
in the middle ; body beneath pitchy red, breast punctured, legs
entirely ferruginous. Length 3^-4 lines.
This species resembles the preceding, but is narrower and more
convex, and the basal foveae are less expanded. B. crassus, Steph.,
is specifically identical with it. It is not a very common species,
but has been taken occasionally within the London district and at
Winterbourne Stoke. It is very abundant in Holme Fen, Hunt-
ingdonshire, under pieces of turf in May, and at Moor Park near
Farnham under refuse left in turnip fields. It is likewise found
in the north of England, in Scotland and Ireland.
19. A. apricaria: oblongo-ovata, fusco-subanea ; thorace postice
subangustato bifoveolato,foveis punctatis; elytrispunctato-
striatis ; antennis pedibusque rufts.
Carabus apricarius, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 163. — Fab. S. El. 1. 205.
Harpalus apricarius, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 104.
Amara apricaria, Sturm, D. F. 6. 19. — Dej. Spec. 3. 506 ; Icon.
3. 298. pi. 168. — Erichson, Kiifer, 81.
Bradytus apricarius, Steph. Mand. 1. 137, et Manual, p. 39.
B. torridus, Steph. Mand. 5. 379.
Oblong-ovate, fuscous black, with a greenish brassy tinge on
the elytra, palpi and antennae ferruginous. Thorax convex, more
narrowed behind as well as in front than in the preceding, so
that the sides appear rather rounded and widest about the middle,
the posterior angles likewise are a little more acute. Elytra
CARABID^E. AMARA. 129
broader than the base of the thorax, convex, punctate-striated,
the punctures disposed across the strise and disappearing behind
the middle, leaving the striae smooth to the extremity, the outer
margin with a series of larger impressions ; beneath pitchy,
breast and sides of the abdomen punctured, legs red. Length
31 lines.
Brady tus torridus, Steph., is an immature ? of this common
species.
20. A. fulva : ovata, ferruginea ; thorace brevi, subquadrato,
postice utrinque bifoveolato, foveis punctatis ; elytris seneo-
micantibus, punctato-striatis.
Carabus fulvus, De Geer, Ins. 4, 62. — Dufts. Faun. 2. 107.
Harpalus fulvus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 105.
Amara fulva, Dej. Spec. 3. 511 ; Icon. 3. 303. pi. 169.
Bradytus futons, Steph. Mand. 1. 137.
B.ferrugineus, Steph. Mand. 1. 137, et Manual, p. 39.
Ovate, ferruginous, paler beneath. Head short, with an im-
pression on each side between the antennae, which are pale testa-
ceous. Thorax short and broad, with the sides rounded below
the anterior angles, narrowed behind, hinder angles right angles,
disk wrinkled, having a slight dorsal furrow, base with two
punctured fovese on each side, and exterior to them an elevated
ridge running obliquely into the angle. Elytra rather broader
than the base of the thorax, disk glossed with greenish or bluish
brass, punctate-striated, the punctures vanishing before the apex ;
legs pale testaceous. Length 4-t lines.
Abundant at Low Moor near Bradford under the shale and
stones; also found on sandy coasts at Ryde, Deal, Swansea,
Lowestoff; and at Ripley, Surry.
(CuRTONOTUS, Stephens.)
(BRADITUS, Zimmermann.)
21. A. spinipes : oblongo-ovata, nigro-picea ; thorace lateribus
rotundato, postice coarctato, utrinque bistriato, basi apice-
que punctulato ; elytris striato-punctatis ; antennis pedibus-
que rufis.
Carabus spinipes, Linn. F. S. 793. — Schrank, Enum. Ins. Aust.
212.
C. bicolor, Fab. Mant. 1. 199.— Payk. Mon. 122.
C. aulicus, Panz. Faun. 38.
Harpalus aulicus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 101.
K
130 CARABID^E. — AMARA.
Amara aulica, Dej. Spec. 3. 515 ; Icon. 3. 308. pi. 170.
A.picea, Sturm, D. F. 6. 10.— Erichson, Kafer, 80.
Curtonotus piceusy Steph. Manual, p. 39.
Pitchy black. Head convex, with two fovese between the eyes
and a transverse line in front ; mouth pitchy, palpi and antennae
red. Thorax with the sides rounded and widest about the
middle, much contracted behind, the posterior angles acute, disk
convex, anterior and posterior margins punctulated, the base with
two very deep stria? on each side terminating below in a broad
punctured fovea and exterior to these an elevated ridge running
into the angle. Elytra ovate, widest behind the middle, deeply
striated, the striae finely punctured, the margin with about eight
deep impressions placed between the middle and the extremity ;
underside pitchy, legs red. Length 5-6 lines.
The name given to this insect by Linnaeus and Schrank is
restored in right of priority. It is generally distributed, but
apparently not very abundant.
22. A. convexmscula : elongata, fusco-picea, subanea ; thorace
lateribus rotundato, postice coarctato punctato utrinque
bifoveolato ; elytris punctato-striatis ; antennis pedibusque
rufis.
Carabus convexiusculus, Marsham, Ent. 462.
Curtonotus convexiusculus, Steph. Mand. 1. 138. pi. 8, et
Manual, p. 39.
Amara convexiuscula, Dej. Spec. 3. 517; Icon. 3. 310. pi. 170.
Narrower and more elongate than the preceding species;
pitchy fuscous with a slight brassy tinge. Head smaller, the
impressions between the eyes slighter, the mouth, mandibles
(except the tip which is black), palpi and antennae red. Thorax
short, narrower, the anterior angles more rounded, sides less
dilated, hinder angles acute, disk convex, the anterior margin
either not at all punctulated or with merely a few scattered
punctures, and the basal fovese less deep and rugged. Elytra
narrower and more elongate, striated, the striae more distinctly
punctured ; body beneath pitchy, legs and apex of the abdomen
wholly red. Length 5| lines.
An abundant species on the banks of the Thames, below
Gravesend ; near Southend, Whitstable and Herne Bay ; Ryde ;
shores of the Tees, &c., &c. ; and in the salt marshes near
Cork.
CARABID.E. ANISODACTYLUS. 131
Genus 39. ANISODACTYLUS, Dejean.
Mentum dente medio nullo. Ligula apice truncata ; paraglossis
coriaceiSj acuminatis. Palpi articulo ultimo fusiformi. La-
brum quadratum, apice vix emarginatum. Tibiae anticse
spind apicali unicd. Tarsi anteriores maris articulo secundo,
tertio et quarto valde dilatatis, primo angustiore, omnibus his
subtiis dense spongiosis.
1 . A. binotatus : niger, thorace subquadrato, postice punctulato
utrinque foveolato ; elytris striatis ; antennarum articulo
primo tarsisque i*ufis.
Carabus binotatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 199.— Fab. S. El. 1. 193.
Harpalus binotatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 122.— Steph. Mand. 1.
157.
Anisodactylus binotatus, Dej. Spec. 4. 140; Icon. 4. 72.pl. 177.
— Steph. Manual, p. 46. — Erichson, Kafer, 42.
Harpalus rufitarsis, Steph. Mand. 5. 381.
H. calceatus, Steph. Manual, p. 45.
Oblong, deep black. Head with two red (sometimes confluent
and occasionally obsolete) spots on the crown, basal joint of the
antennae red. Thorax subquadrate, the breadth greater than
the length, sides rounded, obliquely narrowed behind, posterior
angles acute, disk obsoletely wrinkled, with an impressed central
line, and two shallow punctured fovese at the base, which is
likewise punctured. Elytra oblong, sides somewhat parallel,
apex slightly sinuated, disk strongly striated, the outer margin
with numerous punctures ; legs black with the tarsi reddish, the
legs sometimes entirely red, Length 4^-51 lines.
H. rufitarsis and calceatus of the Stephensian cabinet are
identical with this species, which is generally distributed in
marshy places.
2. A. pceciloides : viridi-aneus vel nigro-cupreus ; thorace sub-
quadrato, postice utrinque foveolato punctatoque, angulis
posticis subrotundatis ; elytris striatis; antennarum arti-
culo primo rufo.
Harpalus pceciloides, Steph. Mand. 1. 154.
Anisodactylus pceciloides, Steph. Manual, p. 45.
A. virens, Dej. Spec. 4. 135 ; Icon. 4. 67. pi. 176.
Above brassy green or dusky copper, sometimes brilliant
shining green. Head with two fovese in front and sometimes a
K2
13.2 CARABIDJS. DIACHROMUS.
red spot on the crown, basal joint of the antennae red, with a
dusky streak above. Thorax subquadrate, rather short, sides
rounded and widest in the middle, posterior angles rather
rotundate; disk transversely wrinkled, the dorsal line deeply
impressed in the middle, base with a large punctured fovea on
each side more or less strongly impressed, the punctures extend-
ing a little way up the lateral margins. Elytra oblong, a little
sinuated before the apex, striated, the margin with a few
scattered punctures, and the third interstice occasionally with
from one to five impressions near the extremity; underside
greenish black, minutely punctured; legs black. Length 5|-
lines.
Rather local : shores of the Thames below Gravesend, near the
Fort ; Isle of Sheppey ; Southend ; Deal ; Lymington Salterns
in May and June.
Genus 40. DIACHROMUS, Erichson.
Mentum dente media brevi obtusiusculo . Ligula porrecta cornea,
apice media sinuata ; paraglossis membranaceis, obtusis,
ligulam paululum superantibus. Palpi articulo ultimo fusi-
formi. Labrum quadratum, apice emarginatum. Tibiae
anticae spind apicali duplici. Tarsi anteriores maris articulis
dilatatiSy subtiis aqualiter spongiosis, ultimo transversim
car data.
1. D. germanus : ovatus, subpubescens, confertissime punctatus ;
capite elytris antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis ; thorace
elytrorumque macula posticd cyaneis.
Car abus germanus, Linn. S. N. 2. 671.— Fab. S. El. 1. 204.
Harpalus germanus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 99. — Dej. Spec. 4. 230 ;
Icon. 4. 130. pi. 184.
Ophonus germanus, Curtis, Ent. pi. 191. — Steph. Mand. 1. 164.
Diachromus germanus, Erichson, Kafer, 44. — Steph. Manual,
p. 48.
Head testaceous red, densely and finely punctured, and with
an obsolete fovea on each side ; palpi and antennae red, eyes and
tip of mandibles black. Thorax bluish or greenish, short, sides
dilated and rounded below the anterior angles, contracted behind,
posterior angles right angles, the entire surface densely punc-
tured, base with two impressions, central line obsolete. Elytra
ovate, testaceous red, with a bluish or greenish black patch at
the apex, striated, interstices thickly and minutely punctured,
CARABID.E. HARPALUS. 133
very pubescent ; underside of thorax and abdomen black, legs
pale testaceous. Length 4-41 lines.
(f Near Kingsbridge in Devonshire." Dr. Leach.
Genus 41. HARPALUS, Latreilk.
Mentum dente medio brevi obtuso, vel obsolete. Ligula apice
truncata vel sinuata ; paraglossis membranaceis, rotundatis,
ligulam hand superantibus. Palpi filiformes, articulo ultimo
fusiformi. Mandibulse breves, obtusiuscula. Labrum qua-
dratum, vix emarginatum. Tarsi anteriores maris articulis
quatuor valde dilatatis, subtus biseriatim pectinato-setosis,
primo triangulari, cateris obcordatis.
The genus Ophonus was established by Ziegler and Megerle
in order to receive certain species of Harpali, which were
supposed to present characters at variance with those that pro-
perly belong to that genus. Dejean, and after him, most ento-
mologists, have now suppressed it and restored the species it
comprised to the genus Harpalus, because it was found upon
examination that they did not present points of distinction
sufficiently important and decided to warrant their separation.
In common with the other Harpali, they have a simple tooth
(obtuse or obsolete) in the middle of the mentum; the upper
lip, the mandibles, the palpi and antennae do not differ ; and
although in some species the anterior and intermediate tarsi of
the males are densely spinose and the upper surface of the body
in both sexes is pubescent, yet these are characters which they
possess in common with some of the indisputable Harpali ; all
that remains therefore is the punctuation of the upper surface,
which, of itself, cannot be considered of sufficient importance to
characterize a genus.
* Prothorax punctatus ; elytra striata, interstitia creberrime
punctata.
(OPHONUS, Ziegler.}
1. H. sabulicola : oblongus, subpubescens, capite thoraceque
nigro-piceis, punctatis, hoc quadrato postice angustato,
angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris cyaneo-violaceis, striatis,
interstitiis punctatissimis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus sabulicola, Panz. Faun. 30.
Harpalus sabulicola, Sturm, D. F. 4. 87. — Dej. Spec. 4. 195 ;
Icon. 4. 93. pi. 179.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 101.
Ophonus sabulicola, Steph. Mand. 1. 160, et Manual, p. 46.
134 CARABIDjE. HARPALUS.
Oblong, subpubescent, head and thorax pitchy black, strongly
punctured, palpi and antenna red. Thorax quadrate, sides
rounded, narrowed behind, posterior angles obtuse but not
rounded, disk very convex, more coarsely punctured than in
obscurus, the punctures larger and most numerous at the base,
the latter not depressed. Elytra violaceous, oblong, striated,
interstices strongly punctured, apex entire ; legs red. Length
51-61 lines.
Local : Southend ; Dorking ; Winterbourne Stoke ; Hales-
worth, Suffolk ; abundant under stones and clods of earth about
the arable fields near Basingstoke and many chalky districts of
the. south.
2. H. obscurus: oblongus, subpubescens, capite thoraceque nigro-
piceis, subtiliter punctatis, hoc subquadrato, angulis posticis
subrotundatis ; elytris cyaneis, striatis, interstitiis puncta-
tissimis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus obscurus, Fab. S. El. 1. 192.
Harpalus obscurus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 85. pi. 92. — Dej. Spec. 4.
197 ; Icon. 4. 96. p. 179.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 102.
Ophonus obscurus, Steph. Mand. 1. 160, et Manual, p. 46.
O. stictus, Steph. Mand. 1. 159. pi. 8.
This species bears a considerable resemblance to sabulicola,
but is sufficiently distinct. Head smaller, more finely punctured,
palpi and antennae red. Thorax subquadrate, the breadth much
greater than the length, so as to appear sensibly shorter than in
sabulicola, sides rounded, but scarcely narrower behind than in
front, posterior angles evidently more rounded and a little ele-
vated, disk less convex, more finely sculptured, base depressed
and with two obsolete fovese. Elytra cyaneous, striated, inter-
stices very closely and minutely punctured, apex obliquely
sinuated ; legs red. Length 5-6 lines.
Commonly distributed in chalky districts.
3. H. azureus: oblongo-ovatus, subpubescens, viridis vel cyaneus ;
capite subtiliter thorace profunde punctatis, hoc subqua-
drato, angulis posticis obtusiusculis ; elytris striatis, inter-
stitiis punctatissimis ; antennis pedibusque rufa.
Carabus azureus, Fab. Mant. 1. 201. — Fab. S. El. 1. 196.
Harpalus azureus, Dej. Spec. 4. 207 ; Icon. 4. 107. pi. 181. —
Erichson, Kiifer, 45.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 102.
Ophonus azureus, Steph. Mand. 1. 161, et Manual, p. 47.
C. chlorophanus, Panz. Faun. 73.
CARABID^E. HARPALUS. 135
H. chlorophanus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 108.— Dej. Spec. 4. 205 ;
Icon. 4. 106. pi. 181.
Var. /3. Paulb major ; capite thoraceque nigro-piceis, elytris sub-
virescentibus.
Oblong-ovate, slightly pubescent, above bright green or cya-
neous. Head depressed in front, convex behind, moderately and
finely punctured ; mouth, palpi and antennae red. Thorax sub-
quadrate, the breadth rather greater than the length, sides
moderately rounded, posterior angles somewhat obtuse, disk
convex, deeply and coarsely punctured, the punctures most
numerous at the base and at the hinder angles. Elytra a little
wider than the thorax, sides very moderately rounded, obliquely
sinuated before the apex, striated, the interstices closely and
minutely punctured ; legs red. Length 3^ lines.
This species is extremely abundant on the south coast of the
Isle of Wight, near the Culver Cliffs, &c. " Taken occasionally
beneath stones, in June and July, near Darenth Wood and at
Hertford; also at Bottisham, Kimpton, Leith Hill and New-
market." Mr. Stephens.
The variety y3. (which I was at first disposed to consider a
distinct species) differs from it chiefly in having the head and
thorax pitchy black, without any tinge of green, and the elytra
very obscurely green; it is also a rather larger insect, but its form
and sculpture are similar. I have two examples (both ? ) taken
by myself in the Isle of Wight : Mr. Wollaston has one from
Devonshire and the Rev. H. Clark another from the neighbour-
hood of Northampton, the characters of all which agree most
perfectly.
4. H. punctatulus : oblongo-ovatus, subpubescens, obscure viri-
dis, capite subtiliter thorace fortius punctatis, hoc subqua-
drato postice subangustato, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris
striatis, interstitiis punctatissimis ; antennis pedibusque
rufo-testaceis.
Carabus punctatulus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 89.
Harpalus punctatulus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 101.pl. 93. — Dej. Spec.
4. 202; Icon. 4. 102. pi. 180.— Erichson, Kafer, 45.
Ophonus punctatulus, Steph. Mand. 1. 160.
O. nitiduluSy Steph. Mand. 1. 161, et Manual, p. 46.
Oblong-ovate, rather depressed, subpubescent, above green,
sometimes cyaneous. Head convex, shining, finely and remotely
punctured in front, nape smooth and glossy ; mouth pitchy red,
palpi and antennae entirely red. Thorax subquadrate, broad,
136 CARABIDJ5. — HARPALUS.
sides rounded in front below the angles, narrowed behind the
middle, but straight before the hinder angles, so as to form with
the base a right angle, disk convex in the middle, but depressed
before and behind, strongly punctured, the punctures most
numerous at the base, which has a broad, obsolete fovea on each
side. Elytra very little wider than the base of the thorax, sides
very gradually rounded from below the humeral angles to just
before the apex, which latter is obliquely sinuated, striated, inter-
stices thickly and finely punctured ; legs red. Length 4 lines.
Ophonus nitidulus, Steph., is identical with this species, which
is local, and occurs chiefly in the early spring, under stones and
clods of earth, at Newark, Bottisham, Hertford, Richmond,
Kimpton, Swansea, near Sandown in the Isle of Wight, and in
other parts of England.
5. H. cordatus : elongatus, subpubescens, ferrugineus; capite
thoraceque fortiter punctatis, hoc cordato pasties coarctato,
angulis posticis rectis ; elytris subparallelis, striatis, in-
terstitiis punctatissimis, macula oblonga postica fusc£ ;
antennis pedibusque rufo- testaceis.
Carabus cordatus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 169.
Harpalus cordatus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 106. pi. 94. — Dej. Spec. 4.
214; Icon. 4. 115. pi. 182.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 103.
Elongate, subpubescent, ferruginous red. Head finely punc-
tured, with a shallow fovea on each side in front, eyes black, palpi
and antennse testaceous. Thorax heart-shaped, sides very much
rounded from the anterior angles to about the middle, thence
much narrowed till just before the hinder angles, when they
become straight so as to form with the base a right angle, disk
convex, regularly punctured, with a slight dorsal line and an
obsolete fovea on each side at the base. Elytra oblong, wider
than the thorax, shoulders very little rounded, sides almost
parallel, striated, interstices thickly and finely punctured, the
posterior portion covered by an oblong obscure dark patch
extending up the sides and leaving the centre more or less ferru-
ginous ; underside of the body and the legs testaceous. Length
4 lines.
A single example only of this species has fallen under my
notice, which I captured near Deal, at the roots of the tall wiry
grass which grows on the sand-hills.
6. H. rupicola : elongatus, subpubescens, capite thoraceque
punctatis, rufescentibus, hoc subcordato, angulis posticis
subrectis; elytris piceis, obscure nigro-subvirescentibus,
CAKABIDJE. — HARPALUS. 137
striatis, interstitiis punctatissimis ; antennis pedibusque
rufo-testaceis.
Sturm, D. F. 4. 105. pi. 94.
H. subcordatus, Dej. Spec. 4. 215; Icon. 4. 116.pl. 183. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 103.
Elongate, slightly pubescent. Head rufescent, distinctly
punctured, palpi and antennae testaceous. Thorax longer than
in puncticollis, anterior angles less prominent, sides rounded in
front but more obliquely narrowed behind, which gives it the
appearance of a more cordate form (PI. II. f. 4), and renders the
posterior angles less rectangular, disk more convex and the base
less depressed, strongly but not densely punctured. Elytra
narrower and more elongate, pitchy with occasionally an obscure
greenish tinge, striated, the interstices very closely punctured;
legs testaceous. Length 3| lines.
The more convex and more cordate form of the thorax, which
has its sides obliquely narrowed behind and its posterior angles
more obtusely formed, as well as the narrower and more elongate
shape of the entire insect, readily serve to distinguish this species
from more slender and paler examples of puncticollis. One in-
dividual standing under the name foraminulosus, and two or three
under that of punctatissimus in the Stephensian collection, may
be referred to this species.
Not common : chalky districts, Dorking, Basingstoke, Isle of
Wight, &c.
7. H. puncticollis: oblong o-ovatus, subpubescens, piceus ; capite
thoraceque punctatis, hoc subquadrato, angulis posticis
rectis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis punctatissimis ; antennis
pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Car abus puncticollis, Payk. Faun. 1. 120.
Harpalus puncticollis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 108. — Dej. Spec. 4.
216; Icon. 4. 117.pl. 183.
Carabus foraminulosus, Marsham, Ent. 457.
Ophonus foraminulosus, Steph. Mand. 1. 162.
O. punctatissimus, Steph. Mand. 1. 162.
O. puncticeps, Steph. Mand. 1. 163, et Manual, p. 47.
Oblong-ovate, pitchy, slightly pubescent. Head usually
reddish, sparingly and finely punctured; palpi and antennae
testaceous. Thorax nearly quadrate (PI. II. f. 3), but the width
rather less than the length, sides a little rounded below the
anterior angles and a little narrowed behind, but having the
hinder angles rectangular, disk subconvex, moderately punctured,
138 CARABID^E. - HARPALUS.
the base depressed and more coarsely punctured, having the
usual obsolete impression on each side. Elytra oblong-ovate,
striated, interstices closely and finely punctured ; body beneath
pitchy red with the sides darker; legs testaceous. Length
lines.
This species is very variable in size and somewhat in the colour
of the thorax. Some examples do not exceed two-thirds the
stature of others. The thorax is rufescent as well as the head in
frequent individuals, which likewise present a narrower form.
The typical example of Carabus foraminulosus, Marsham, must
be referred to this species. The Stephensian collection is in a
very confused state with regard to some of these allied species,
but the references given apply to the major part of the individuals
standing under the respective names to which I have assigned
them.
Widely distributed.
8. H. cribellum : oblong o-ovatus, subpubescens, piceus ; capite
thoraceque parcius punctatis, hoc breviore, lateribus antice
dilatato, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris striatis, interstitiis
punctatissimis ; antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Ophonus cribellum, Steph. Mand. 1. 163, et Manual, p. 47.
O. subpunctatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 163, et Manual, p. 4/.
Harpalus brevicollis, Dej. Spec. 4.218; Icon. 4. 1 19. pi. 183.—
Erichson, Kafer, 46.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 103.
Oblong-ovate, pitchy or pitchy black, pubescent, palpi and
antennae testaceous. Thorax very short, the sides much dilated
and rounded below the anterior angles, hinder angles right angles,
the disk more sparingly punctured than in the preceding species.
Elytra broad and rather depressed, finely striated, interstices
minutely punctured ; legs red. Length 2f -3^ lines.
The chief points of distinction between this insect and puncti-
collis consist in the remarkable shortness of its thorax and the
greater breadth before the middle. O. cribellum, subpunctatus
and puncticollis of the Stephensian cabinet must be assigned to
the present species.
Not uncommon ; especially in chalky districts.
9. H. pubescens : oblongus, pubescens, punctatus, piceus vel
piceo-testaceus ; thorace cordato, basi utrinque impresso ;
elytris striatis, subparallelis, macula communi postica
abdomineque nigro-piceis ; pedibus rufo-testaceis.
Carabus pubescens, Payk. Mon. 61. — Payk. Faun. 1. 124.
CABABID^E. HARPALUS. 139
Harpalus pubescens, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 109. — Dej. Spec. 4. 236;
Icon. 4. 137. pi. 185.
Ophonus pubescens, Steph. Mand. 1. 164, et Manual, p. 47.
Oblong, very pubescent, sometimes entirely pitchy, with the
margins of the elytra testaceous, sometimes ferruginous with a
common black or pitchy black or brown patch on the elytra, and
sometimes wholly ferruginous or paler. Head punctured, usually
rusty red with a dusky stripe extending down the centre ; palpi
and antennae ferruginous. Thorax cordate, sides rounded in
front below the angles and narrowed behind, the entire surface
strongly punctured, having the usual dorsal furrow and a deep
impression close to each hinder angle. Elytra oblong, sides
nearly straight, finely striated, striae minutely punctured, inter-
stices distinctly but not closely punctured; legs reddish testaceous.
Length 3 lines.
Common in marshy places and on the banks of tidal rivers.
10. H. obsoletus : oblongo-ovatus, subpubescens, subtiliter punc-
tatus, testaceus ; thorace brevi, subquadrato, basi utrinque
imjiresso ; elytris striatis, macula oblonga nigro-picea.
Dej. Spec. 4. 252 ; Icon. 4. 132. pi. 184.
Ophonus obsoletus, Steph. Manual, p. 47.
This insect is nearly allied to the preceding, but sufficiently
distinguished by several important characters. It is always a
broader and more robust insect, and never attains to the dark
colour of pubescens. It is uniformly testaceous with an oblong
pitchy or dusky streak on each elytron, the head being also
occasionally dark. Though immature examples of pubescens
resemble it in colour, its form and sculpture are dissimilar.
The thorax is shorter, broader, less convex and distinctly
margined ; the elytra are wider, their humeral angles prominent
and the sides evidently rounded, and the entire surface is minutely
and closely punctured, the punctuation on the interstices of the
wing-cases especially instead of being sparingly distributed as in
pubescens is very densely placed. Length 3^- lines.
Abundant under clods of earth in the Salterns near Lymington.
** Elytra striata, interstitia lavigata rarius subtilissimepunctulata.
(HARPALUS pr.)
11. H. ruficornis : oblongus nigro-piceus ; thorace sub quadrat o
postice punctato-rugoso utrinque foveolato ; elytris striatis,
140 CARABID^E. HARPALUS.
interstitiis subtilissime punctulatis, fulvo-pubescentibus ;
antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus ruficornis, Fab. Mant. 1. 199.— Fab. S. El. 1. 182.
Harpalus ruficornis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 107. — Steph. Mand. 1.
158, et Manual, p. 45.— Dej. Spec. 4. 249; Icon. 4. 142.
pi. 186. — Erichson, Kafer, 47.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 105.
Oblong, head and thorax black ; mouth, palpi and antennae
red. Thorax subquadrate, slightly narrowed behind, posterior
angles right angles, disk transversely strigose, dorsal furrow met
in front by a longitudinally strigose impression, base punctured
and with two rough shallow fovese. Elytra opake, clothed with
a short griseous pubescence with more or less of a golden gloss,
finely striated, the interstices minutely punctulated, the exterior
margin with a series of small impressions ; underside black, legs
red. Length 6-7 lines.
Very common.
12. H. seneus : oblongus, plerumque viridi-ceneus ; thorace sub-
quadrato, basi utrinque foveolato punctato ; elytris striatis,
lateribus obsolete punctulatis, apice profunde sinuatis sub-
dentatis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus aneus, Fab. S. El. 1. 197.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 74.
Harpalus ceneus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 116. — Steph. Mand. 1. 155,
et Manual, p. 45.— Dej. Spec. 4. 269 ; Icon. 4. 148. pi. 187.
—Erichson, Kafer, 47. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 105.
Var. /3. Pedibus nigro-piceis.
H. confusus, Dej. Spec. 4. 271 ; Icon. 4. 150. pi. 187.
Var. y. Elytris apice leviter sinuatis.
This insect is extremely variable in colour, being brassy,
greenish brass, greenish copper, bright green, purple, blue-black,
or black, thorax and elytra not always concolorous. Head convex,
shining, with a fovea on each side in front, antennae red. Thorax
subquadrate, the width rather greater than the length, very slightly
narrowed behind, the disk convex, dorsal line met in front by a
transverse depression, base punctured very finely in the middle,
having a punctured shallow fovea on each side. Elytra oblong,
sides almost straight, apex obliquely sinuated and more or less
deeply notched, finely striated, the marginal interstice and some-
times the two next obsoletely punctured ; legs red, sometimes
pitchy black. Length 5 lines.
The variety with pitchy black legs is very common. Indivi-
duals with purple elytra have their legs always dark.
Very common.
CARABID^E. HARPALUS. 141
13. H. honestus : oblongus, plerumque viridi-cyaneus ; thorace
brevi subquadrato basi utrinque profunde unistriato / elytris
striatis, interstitio septimo apice punctato ; antennis rufis
articulo 2, 3 et 4 basifuscis ; tibiis tarsisque piceis.
Carabus honestus ?, Dufts. Faun. 2. 85. 93.
Harpalus honestus, Dej. Spec. 4. 299 ; Icon. 4. 162.pl. 189.—
Heer, Faun. Helv. 106.
Carabus ignavus $ , Dufts. Faun. 2. 85. 94.
Harpalus rufipalpis, Sturm, D. F. 4. 70. pi. 89. — Steph. Manual,
p. 44.
H. annulicornis et atroc&ruleus, Steph. Mand. 1. 150.
H. notatus et obscuricornis, Steph. Mand. 1. 151.
H. nitidus, Steph. Mand. 1. 153, et Manual, p. 44.
H. maculicornis, Steph. Mand. 5. 381, et Manual, p. 43.
Variable in colour, blue, blue-black, bronzed, sometimes bright
green, with all intermediate shades ; in this country the colour
is more subdued, the elytra being usually blue-black or cyaneous
in the <£ and entirely dull black in the ? , with the head and thorax
shining black in both sexes. Head depressed in front, with a
small deep pit on each side connected by a transverse line ; palpi
and antennae red, the second, third and fourth joints of the latter
more or less dusky at their base. Thorax short and broad, sides
rather rounded and widest about the middle, posterior angles not
quite rectangular, the dorsal line interrupted before and behind,
base with two deep stria? touching the hinder margin. Elytra
broader than the thorax and rather short, a little rounded at the
sides and sinuated at the apex, striated, the seventh interstice
with a few punctures at the extremity and the marginal one with
a series of impressions; legs pitchy black, tarsi red. Length
4 lines.
H. rufipalpis, annulicornis, atroc&ruleus, notatus, obscuricornis,
nitidus and maculicornis, Steph., belong to this species, which is
plentiful in sandy districts, especially in the south ; abundant on
Woking Common, &c., and near Bristol.
14. H. sulphuripes : oblongus, nigro-subcyaneus ; thorace sub-
quadrato, postice magis angustato utrinque unistriato,
angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris striatis ; antennis tibiis
tarsisque rufis.
Germ. Spec. Nov. 1. 24.— Dej. Spec. 4. 302; Icon. 4. 165.
pi. 189.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 106.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 100.
Oblong, narrower than honestus, black, elytra of the <? with a
cyaneous tinge. Head with two small punctures between the
eyes ; palpi and antennae entirely red and immaculate. Thorax
142 CARABIDjE. HARPALUS.
longer than in honestus, sides more rounded below the anterior
angles, more contracted behind, dorsal furrow intersected by a
few transverse wrinkles, base with two oblong deep impressions.
Elytra oblong, finely striated, the seventh interstice impunctate
at the apex ; femora pitchy black, tibiae and tarsi ferruginous
red. Length 3| lines.
This species is now for the first time introduced into the
British Fauna on the authority of an example taken near Bristol,
which perfectly corresponds with specimens received from Paris.
One of the insects standing under the name servus in the
Stephensian cabinet appears to correspond with this species.
15. H. cuniculinus : capite thoraceque nigns, elytris subcyaneis;
thorace lateribus antice rotundato, postice subangustato,
utrinque unistriato, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris striatis,
interstitio septimo apice punctato ; antennis rufo-testaceis,
articulo 2, 3 et 4 nigro-maculatis ; pedibus nigro-piceis,
tarsis rufis.
Carabus cuniculinus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 87 (1812).
Harpalus cuniculinus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 61. pi. 87 (1818).—
Steph. Mand. 1. 152, et Manual, p. 44.
This insect is narrower than honestus, to which it bears con-
siderable resemblance ; the head and thorax are shining black,
the elytra have a distinct purplish or cyaneous tinge, the palpi
and antenna? are testaceous red, the second, third and fourth
joints of the latter ringed with black at their base. Thorax qua-
drate, not so short as in honestus, the sides dilated and rounded
in front below the anterior angles, then contracted towards the
hinder angles, which are right angles, the disk smooth, the
dorsal furrow very fine, the base impunctate, with a single short
stria on each side touching the posterior margin. Elytra oblong-
ovate, sides nearly even or very slightly rounded, sinuated at the
apex, flattish on the disk, simply striated, the seventh interstice
with a few punctures at the extremity and the margins with a
series of deeper impressions; underside of the body and legs
pitchy black, tarsi red. Length 4 lines.
This species was first established by Duftschmidt, on the
authority of a single c? in his possession, and has since been
received as an acknowledged species. It bears a close affinity to
honestus, of which it is perhaps no more than a narrower and
more slender variety. Stephens^ description of cuniculinus
appears to correspond with this insect, but the examples stand-
ing under this name in his cabinet belong more properly to
CARABID.E. HARPALUS. 143
honestus. I have seen a pair, however, in the collection of
Mr. Curtis, which perfectly correspond with the description and
figure given by Sturm of this insect.
16. H. luteicornis : oblongo-ovatus, niger ; thorace quadrato,
postice utrinque leviter unistriato obsoleteque punctulato,
angulis posticis rectis ; elytris striatis, ante apicem leviter
emarginatis ; ore antennis tarsisque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus luteicornis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 86.
Harpalus luteicornis, Sturm, D. F. 4. 60. pi. 87. — Gyll. Ins.
Suec. 4. 435.— Dej. Spec. 4. 329 ; Icon. 4. 189. pi. 192. —
Erichson, Kafer, 51.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 108.
H. servus, Steph. Maud. 1. 152, et Manual, p. 44.
Black or pitchy black, sometimes with the margins of the tho-
rax narrowly edged with red. Head smooth, mouth, palpi and
antennae entirely reddish testaceous. Thorax quadrate, rather
convex, rounded at the angles before the middle, the posterior
angles right angles, the base with an oblong impression on each
side touching the posterior margin, in which are a few obsolete
punctures, and the disk with the usual dorsal furrow. Elytra
about the width of the thorax, sides rather straight or very little
rounded, narrowed behind and with the margin very slender just
before the apex, disk convex, simply striated ; femora blackish,
tibias and tarsi red, the latter sometimes palest. Length 3 lines.
Of the two individuals contained in the Stephensian collection,
standing incorrectly under the name servus, one appears to cor-
respond with this species and the other with sulphuripes, but
neither of them have anything in common with the true servus3
Sturm. There are two other examples in Mr. Curtis's cabinet
and two or three in the National Collection, which will likewise,
I believe, be found to accord with it, besides the examples which
may exist in private collections. The insect is found very
sparingly in sandy districts in the south.
17. H. attenuates : oblong o-ovatus, nigro-piceus ; thorace sub-
quadratOj postice subangustato, utrinque profunde foveo-
lato, foveis punctatis, angulis posticis rectis; elytris striatis ;
antennis tibiis tarsisque rufis.
Steph. Mand. 1. 152, et Manual, p. 44.
H. consentaneus, Dej. Spec. 4. 302; Icon. 4. 166. pi. 189.
H. picilabris, Steph. Mand. 5. 381, et Manual, p. 43.
Smaller and narrower than honestus, oblong, pitchy black, or
pitchy without any tinge of blue. Head glossy, with two deeper
punctures connected by a transverse line between the eyes ; palpi
144 CARABID^E. HARPALUS.
and antennae entirely red. Thorax subquadrate, more narrowed
behind, posterior angles more entirely rectangular, disk very
convex, with a central longitudinal line touching the base and
met in front by a transverse curved impression, on each side at
the base a broad punctured fovea midway between the dorsal
line and the hinder angles. Elytra broader than the thorax,
sides less rounded, apex broader and less sinuated, deeply striated,
interstices more convex, the seventh wholly impunctate; femora
pitchy black, tibia3 and tarsi red. Length 3^-4 lines.
This species is found abundantly on Woking Common ; near
Folkstone and Sandgate; also at Swansea; in Devonshire, Hants,
Isle of Wight, and North Wales on sandy commons ; as well as
in the London districts.
18. H. atricornis : oblong o-ovatus, ater; thorace subquadraioy
antice posticeque subangustato, postice leviter punctulato,
utrinque foveolato ; elytris striatis, a,pice subsinuatis ; an-
tennis pedibusque piceo-nigris.
Steph. Mand. 5. 379, et Manual, p. 40.
H. nigricornis, Steph. Mand. 5. 381, et Manual, p. 44.
Deep shining black. Head with a fovea on each side between
the eyes ; antennae pitchy black, with the basal joint red. Thorax
short, the width being greater than the length, rather narrowed
before and behind, the sides rounded, posterior angles right angles,
the dorsal stria fine and the base with a shallow fovea on each
side, which together with the entire base is finely punctured.
Elytra oblong-ovate, slightly widest behind the middle, apex
obliquely sinuated, convex, moderately striated, margins with a
few slight impressions at the base and towards the extremity.
Length 4 lines.
This insect, which I have been unable to identify with any
foreign species, is represented in the Stephensian collection by
four examples under the name atricornis, and by one under that
of nigricornis ; the localities given are " near London, Windsor,
and in Glamorganshire."
19. H. Wollastoni : oblongus, niger ; thorace subquadrato,
postice punctato, utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis sub-
rectis ; elytris fortiter striatis ; antennis palpis tarsisque
rufo-ferrugineis, femoribus tibiisque nigro-piceis.
Oblong, black. Head with a deep fovea on each side between
the antennae connected by a fine transverse line, palpi and antennae
ferruginous red. Thorax subquadrate, the breadth greater than
the length, the anterior margin straight in the middle, but the
CARABID.E. HARPALUS. 145
angles slightly prominent, sides rather narrowed in front, then
rounded as far as the middle, from whence they are obliquely
sloped to the posterior angles which are nearly rectangular, but
the apex of the angle itself is somewhat obtuse, disk convex, trans-
versely wrinkled, the dorsal furrow abbreviated before and behind,
and terminating at both extremities in a distinct impression, the
base and basal angles punctured, and with a large shallow
roughly punctured fovea on each side about midway between
the dorsal furrow and the hinder angles. Elytra oblong, broader
than the thorax, sides scarcely rounded, apex obliquely sinuated,
convex, deeply striated, the margin with a series of coarse impres-
sions below the shoulders and before the apex ; legs pitchy with
the tarsi always and the tibia? occasionally ferruginous red.
Length 5| lines.
Four or five examples of this species were captured by
Mr. Wollaston, in May 1852, at Slapton Ley/Devonshire; and
as I have not been able to identify it with any recorded species,
I have named it after the captor.
20. H. discoideus : oblongus, nigro-piceus ; thorace elytrisque
tenuiter rufo-marginatis, illo quadrato, postice punctato
utrinque leviter impresso, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris
maris viridi-seneis, striatis ; antennis pedibusque rufis.
Carabus discoideus ?, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 157.— Fab. S. El. 1. 199.
Harpalus discoideus, Erichson, Kafer, 49.
H. perplexus ?, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 434. — Dej. Spec. 4. 314;
Icon. 4. 173. pi. 190.— Steph. Mand. 5. 380, et Manual, p. 43.
H. Caffer, Steph. Mand. 1. 157, et Manual, p. 45.
Oblong, pitchy black, shining, elytra of the <J brassy green or
cyaneous, margins of the thorax and of the elytra, together with
the suture, narrowly edged with red. Head with a small fovea
on each side between the eyes and a transverse line in front ;
palpi and antennse testaceous red. Thorax nearly quadrate,
sides slightly rounded and widest in the middle, posterior angles
right angles, disk shining, transversely wrinkled, dorsal line
abbreviated in front, base with a broad rugose fovea on each
side, the fovese and the entire base being also thickly punctured.
Elytra oblong, sides not quite parallel, striated, interstices
smooth ; legs and tip of the abdomen red. Length 4^ lines.
Erichson informs us that he has seen in the Fabrician collec-
tion a ? of this insect placed as C. discoideus •• and that C. Petiffii,
D ufts., and H. perplexus, Gyll., are the ? , but H. Petiffii, Sturm,
the S of the same species. The Fabrician name must therefore
be adopted. H. differ of the Stephensian cabinet also must be
146 CARABID^:. HARPALUS.
assigned to this species. The true C. Caffer, Dufts., is a larger
insect and is not found in Britain.
Not common : I have found it only in the Isle of Wight and
near Sandy, in Bedfordshire, very early in the spring ; it is to
be sought for in 'sandy districts.
21. H. fulvipes : oblong o-ovatus, nigro-piceus ; thorace subqua-
drato, basi punctato utrinque subfoveolato, angulis posticis
obtusiusculis ; elytris striatis ; antewiis pedibusque rufis.
Carabusfulvipe^Fsh.S.El. 1. 180.— ?, Dufts. Faun. 2.84.91.
Harpalus fulvipes, Sturm, D. F. 4. 58. pi. 86. — Erichson,
Kafer, 50.
Carabus limbatus <J, Dufts. Faun. 2. 84. 92.
Harpalus limbatus <J, Sturm, D. F. 4. 50. pi. 83.— Steph. Mand.
1. 149, et Manual, p. 43.— Dej. Spec. 4. 327; Icon. 4. 186.
pi. 192.
H. acuminatus et lateralis, Steph. Mand. 5. 380, et Manual,
p. 43.
Oblong-ovate, pitchy black, with the margins of the thorax
narrowly testaceous. Head wide, depressed in front, with a
transverse line more or less evident between the eyes, palpi and
antennae red. Thorax subquadrate, the width rather greater than
the length, anterior margin nearly straight, sides rounded at the
angles, then almost straight to the base, posterior angles rather
obtuse, disk depressed, transversely wrinkled on each side the
dorsal furrow, which in some examples is met in front by a few
longitudinal striae, the base, together with two wide fovese finely
punctulated, sometimes a little rough. Elytra ovate, widest
behind the middle, striated, most deeply in the $ , interstices
very smooth, the seventh impunctate at the apex ; legs red.
Length 4 lines.
Erichson informs us that he has seen this insect standing as
C. fulvipes in the Fabrician collection, and C. rufibarbis, Fab.,
agreeing therewith ; also that C. fulvipes, Dufts., is the ? and
C. limbatus, Dufts., the <J of the same species, of which also
H.flaviventris, Sturm, is an immature example. In the Linnsean
cabinet a portion of the specimens placed to represent C. latus
belong to this species, but they can scarcely have been intended
by our great naturalist to represent the insect referred to by him
under that name. H. acuminatus and lateralis of the Stephen-
sian cabinet belong to this species. Examples sometimes occur
with red heads, and these represent C. erythrocephalus, Fab., and
H. ruficeps of British collections.
Common.
CARABID.E. HARPALUS. 147
22. H. rubripes : oblongo-ovatus ; thorace subquadrato, postice
utrinquepunctulato, subfoveolato, angulis posticis subrectis ;
elytris striatis, inters titio septimo apice punctis pluribus
impresso ; antennis pedibusque rubris.
Mas, supra viridi-aneus vel cyaneus nitidus : foemina, capite
thoraceque nigro subcyaneis, elytris opacis.
Carabus rubripes, Dufts. Faun. 2. 77.
Harpalus rubripes, Sturm, D. F. 4. 55.— Dej. Spec. 4. 339 ;
Icon. 4. 194. pi. 193.— Steph. Mand. 1. 147, et Manual,
p. 42.— Erichson, Kafer, 49. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 107.
H. azurescens, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 432.
H. azureus, Steph. Mand. 1. 147, et Manual, p. 42.
H. chloropterus, marginellus et fulvipes, Steph. Mand. 1. 148,
et Manual, p. 42.
H. subsinuatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 149, et Manual, p. 43.
H. lentus, Steph. Mand. 1. 150, et Manual, p. 43.
H. ignavus, Steph. Mand. 1. 153, et Manual, p. 44.
II. Petiffii, Steph. Mand. 5. 380, et Manual, p. 42.
Var. (3. pedibus nigro-piceis.
H.punctigerQinigro-cceruleus, Steph. Mand. 1. 149, et Manual,
p. 42.
Head and thorax greenish black, elytra brilliant green, purple
or blue-black and shining in the $ \ head and thorax black,
elytra obscure dull green in the ? . Head smooth and convex ^ '
behind, depressed in front, with a small deep pit on each side,
connected by a transverse line, palpi and antennae red. Thorax
subquadrate, the breadth greater than the length, slightly nar-
rowed in front, posterior angles nearly rectangular, disk covered
with numerous transverse wrinkles, the dorsal furrow strongly
marked and terminating in a deeper impression behind, base
with two fovese, which, together with the base itself, are punc-
tured, but more sparingly and less distinctly in the ? . Elytra
as broad as the base of the thorax, sides very slightly rounded,
deeply striated, interstices convex in the $ , less deeply striated
and the interstices flatter in the ? , the seventh sometimes with
a few small punctures near the extremity, margin with a series
of deeper impressions ; underside black, legs red, femora some-
times blackish with the tibiae and tarsi pitchy, cilia red. Length
4J-5 lines.
H. rubripes, azureus, chloropterus, fulvipes, marginellus, lentus,
subsinuatus, Petiffii, ignavus, nigro -ctsruleus, and punctiger (in
part) must be assigned to this species. The two last are varieties
with pitchy black legs, and lentus an immature ? . The true
lentus, Sturm, is identical with tardus.
L2
148 CABABID^E. HARPALUS.
Abundant in sandy and gravelly localities in the south of
England and midland counties, more sparingly distributed north-
ward of London.
23. H. cupreus : oblong o-ovatus, latior, plerumque vmdi-aneus ;
thorace subquadrato, postice obsolete punctato, utrinque
subfoveolato ; elytris profunde striatis ; antennis basi rufis;
pedibus nigro-piceis.
Dej. Spec. 4. 281 ; Icon. 4. 160. pi. 188.— Steph. Mand. 1. 146,
et Manual, p. 42.
Larger and broader than rubripes, generally coppery, or brassy
green, the elytra sometimes brilliant green. Head smooth and
very convex, forehead with a deep impression on each side, con-
nected by a transverse line in front ; antenna? rusty red with
the basal joint brighter red. Thorax subquadrate, broad, slightly
narrowed in front, hinder angles rather obtuse, disk with a slight
dorsal line and two wide shallow foveaB, which, together with the
base itself and the hinder angles, are thickly and finely punc-
tured. Elytra deeply striated, the usual short sutural strise
longer than in others of the genus, interstices convex, the margin
with a few punctures near the apex, the suture generally brown-
ish brass ; underside of the body black, legs pitchy black with
the claws and cilia reddish. Length 6 lines.
This insect appears to be very scarce: I have met with it only
at Hyde, Cowes and Sandown in the Isle of Wight. Stephens
gives as its locality, the shores of the Thames below Gravesend.
24. H. depressus : oblongo-ovatus, niger, thorace viridi-cyaneo,
subquadrato, antice subangustato, postice punctulato utrin-
que obsolete impresso, angulis posticis obtusiusculis ; elytris
profunde striatis, interstitio quinto septimoque punctis
impressis ; antennis basi rufis.
Carabus depressus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 73.
Harpalus depressus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 15. pi. 80. — Steph. Mand.
1. 146, et Manual, p. 41.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 111.
Carabus melampus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 96.
Harpalus melampus, Sturm, D. F. 4. 19. pi. 80. — Steph. Mand.
5. 379, et Manual, p. 41.
H. thoracicus, Steph. Mand. 1. 145, et Manual, p. 41.
H. semiviolaceus, Dej. Spec. 4. 346 ; Icon. 4. 203. pi. 194.
Oblong-ovate, shining black, with the base of the thorax (more
rarely its entire surface) greenish blue or cyaneous in the c? , dull
black in the ? . Head depressed in front, and with a transverse
CARABID^E. HARPALUS. 149
impression between the eyes; palpi and base of the antennae
bright red, the third and fourth joints of the latter dusky, the
rest dull red. Thorax subquadrate, broad, anterior angles pro-
minent, sides very slightly rounded, hinder angles rather obtuse,
disk much wrinkled transversely on each side the shallow dorsal
furrow, base with two obsolete greenish fovese, which, together
with the hinder angles, are punctured. Elytra scarcely so wide
in front as the base of the thorax, the sides rather rounded, but
again narrower at the apex which is obliquely sinuated, disk
deeply striated, interstices convex in the <? , the fifth and seventh
with several impressions near the extremity, and the margin
with a continuous series ; legs black, claws red. Length 6-7
lines.
Rather local, but plentiful in chalky districts of the south; in
profusion on the side of Box Hill, also at Dover, and in the Isles
of Wight and Portland.
25. H. tardus : oblongo- ovatus, niger ; thorace antrorsum sub-
anyustato, postice utrinque impresso ; elytris striatis, striis
obsoletissime punctatis ; antennis tarsisque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus tardus, Panz. Faun. 37.— Fab. S. El. 1. 194.
Harpalus tardus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 120. — Dej. Spec. 4. 363;
Icon. 4. 217. pi. 195.— Erichson, Kafer, 54.
Carabus rufimanus, Marsham, Ent. 441.
Harpalus rufimanus, Steph. Mand. 1. 143.
H.fuliainosus et latus, Steph. Mand. 1. 143, et Manual, p. 40.
Oblong-ovate, shining black, the elytra of the ? duller black.
Head obsoletely impressed in front, palpi and antennae testaceous
red. Thorax broad, slightly narrowed in front and the anterior
angles a little prominent, posterior angles rather obtuse, disk
smooth on each side the dorsal furrow, base with a more or less
distinct oblong impression on each side touching the posterior
margin. Elytra slightly narrower in front than the thorax, a
little sinuated at the apex, striated, the striaa less strongly im-
pressed in the $ and very obsoletely punctulated in both sexes ;
femora and tibiae pitchy black, basal part of the latter and the
tarsi red. Length 4|- lines.
Carabus rufimanus , Marsham, is the insect here described, but
H. tardus of the Stephensian collection is identical with H. ser.-
ripes, from which the present species is easily distinguished by
its less convexity of form, its rufous tarsi, and the absence of the
dusky rings on the third and fourth joints of the antennas. H.
fuliginosus and latus, Steph., also belong to this species, which is
very common in sandy districts, but more sparingly distributed
in the north.
150 CARABID^E. HARPALUS.
26. H. melancholicus : oblongus, subdepressus, niger ; thorace
subquadrato, antrorsum subangustato, postice utrinque im-
presso, angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris subparallelis,
striatis, interstitio octavo apice punctis impresso ; antennis
ferrugineis nigro-maculatis ; pedibus piceis. (PL II. f. 1.)
Dej. Spec. 4. 359; Icon. 4. 213. pi. 195.— Erichson, Kafer, 55.—
Redt. Faun. Aust. 99.
Rather smaller and narrower than tardus, and as depressed as
the ? of that species, with which it cannot be confounded on
account of its remarkably parallel form. Head smooth, with an
impression on each side in front ; palpi and antennae red, the
second, third and fourth joints of the latter dusky. Thorax sub-
quadrate, a little narrowed in front and rounded below the angles,
but the hinder portion of the sides straight, and the posterior
angles not quite rectangular but a little obtuse, disk very much
corrugated, base considerably depressed, with a fovea on each
side midway between the dorsal furrow and the exterior margin.
Elytra rather parallel, the apex obliquely sinuated and contracted,
the striae much deeper than in tardus, with some impressions on
the eighth interstice from the suture behind and numerous
punctures all along the margin ; legs pitchy, tarsi palest. Length
4^ lines.
Examples of this insect, which I have recorded for the first
time among our indigenous Harpali, were captured by Mr.
Wollaston near Swansea in 1845.
27. H. serripes : oblongo-ovatus, convexus, niger ; thorace
antrorsum subangustato, postice utrinque impresso, angulis
posticis subrectis ; elytris striatis ; antennis ferrugineis
nigro-maculatis ; pedibus nigro-piceis.
Carabus serripes, Schonh. Syn. 1. 199.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 98.
Harpalus serripes, Sturm, D. F. 4. 26. pi. 81. — Steph. Mand.
1. 142, et Manual, p. 40.— Dej. Spec. 4. 371 ; Icon. 4. 222.
pi. 196. — Erichson, Kafer, 55.
H. stygius, Steph. Mand. 1. 142, et Manual, p. 40.
H.fuscipalpis, Steph. Mand. 1. 144, et Manual, p. 40.
H. tenebrosus, Steph. Mand. 1. 382, et Manual, p. 45.
Oblong-ovate, convex, deep black. Head depressed in front,
with a fovea on each side at the base of the antennae connected
by a transverse line and also a small round pit in the centre of
the crown ; the basal joint of the antennae bright red, the rest
dull ferruginous with the second and some of the following joints
dusky at their base. Thorax with the anterior margin curved
inwards in the middle so that the angles appear prominent, a
CARABID^E. — HARPALUS. 151
little narrowed, sides gradually rounded and widening to about
the middle, when they insensibly curve inwards to the posterior
angles which are somewhat obtuse, disk transversely wrinkled,
dorsal furrow deep in the middle but abbreviated or obsolete before
and behind, base rather rugose, having an oblong impressed
fovea on each side. Elytra narrowed in front to meet the base
of the thorax, then wider but with the sides very slightly rounded,
apex obliquely sinuated, convex, striated, the third interstice with
a puncture behind close to. the second stria ; legs pitchy black.
Length 5 lines.
H. stygius, fuscipalpis and tenebrosus, Steph., agree with this
species, which is common in sandy districts near the southern
coasts..
28. H. anxius : oblongo-ovatus, niger ; thorace antice suban-
gustato, postice utrinque impresso, angulis posticis subrectis ;
elytris striatis ; antennis palpisque ferrugineis ; pedibus
nigro-piceis.
Carabus anxius, Dufts. Faun. 2. 101.
Harpalm anxius, Sturm, D. F. 4. 72. pi. 89.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4.
439._Dej. Spec. 4. 375; Icon. 4. 227. pi. 197.— Steph.
Mand. 1. 144, et Manual, p. 41. — Erichson, Kafer, 57.
H. nigripes et piger, Steph. Mand. 1. 144, et Manual, p. 41.
H.femoralis, coracinus et f,aviventrisy Steph. Mand. 1. 145, et
Manual, p. 41.
H. luteicornis, Steph. Mand. 1. 153, et Manual, p. 44.
Shining black. Head depressed in front, transversely impressed
on each side between the antennae, which with the palpi are
entirely red, occasionally pitchy red. Thorax subquadrate,
broad, a little narrowed in front and rounded below the angles
to about the middle, thence continued almost straight towards
the posterior angles which are a little obtuse, the posterior
margin being slightly curved or obliquely sloped towards them,
the disk with a fine dorsal furrow transversely wrinkled on each
side and met in front and behind by some distinct longitudinal
striae, on each side at the base about midway between the dorsal
furrow and the hinder angles and touching the posterior margin
is a deep oblong impression ; the lateral margins sometimes
ferruginous. Elytra oblong-ovate, with the sides very slightly
rounded, moderately and simply striated, the striae more slender
in the ? and the interstices smoother and flatter ; femora pitchy
black, tibiae and tarsi pitchy red, the latter palest. Length
3-3f lines.
H. coracinus, flaviventris and luteicornis, Steph., are immature
152 £ARABIDJE, HARPALUS.
examples of this insect, the last being a small ? . Individuals
frequently occur which are more or less ferruginous red. H. ni-
gripes, piger and femoralis of the Stephensian cabinet must like-
wise be referred to this species, which is found in great profusion
on sandy coasts.
(ACTEPHILUS, Stephens.)
29. H. neglectus : ovatus, niger, nitidus; thorace brevi, lateribus
rotundato, postice utrinque profunde uni-impresso, angulis
posticis obtusis; elytris striatis, antennis basi tarsisque
ferrugineiSj femoribus tibiisque nigro-piceis.
Dej. Spec. 4. 306 ; Icon. 4. 171. pi. 190.— Erichson, Kafer, 58.
— Redt. Faun. Aust. 101.
//. piger, Sturm, D. F. 4. 31.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 438.— Heer,
Faun. Helv. 111.
Actephilus pumilus, Steph. Mand. 1. 155, et Manual, p. 46.
Ovate, shining black. Head smooth and convex, with a
transverse line between the antennse, basal joint of the latter
(with the palpi) red, the second and some of the following joints
dusky, the apex dull red. Thorax short, sides rounded and
dilated about the middle, posterior angles obtuse, disk very
smooth and glossy, dorsal furrow distinctly impressed, base with
an oblong very deep impression on each side touching the basal
margin, the exterior margin with a few fine punctures just above the
hinder angles. Elytra ovate, moderately convex, deeply striated,
the third interstice with a puncture behind close to the second
stria; legs pitchy black, cilia and tarsi red. Length 3^ lines.
This species has the thorax considerably shorter, less narrowed
in front, less wide behind and the sides more rounded and dilated
about the middle than in anocius, and it may be furthermore
distinguished from that species by the dusky rings on some of
the joints of the antennse.
The name piger having previously been appropriated to another
species, Dejean's name is employed for this. It is found on
sandy coasts ; in profusion under stones on the Chesil bank.
30. H. vemalis : ovatus, nigro-piceus ; thorace transverse, late-
ribus et angulis posticis YOtundato j elytris striatis ; antennis
palpisque ferrugineis, pedibus rufo-piceis.
Carabus vernalis, Fab. S. El. 1. 207. — Dufts. Faun. 2. 106.
Actephilus vernalis, Steph. Mand. 1. 154, et Manual, p. 46.
Carabus picipennis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 102.
CARABIDtfl. MASOREUS. 153
Ilarpalus picipennis, Sturm, D. F. 4. 75. pi. 90. — Gyll. Ins.
Suec. 4. 439.— Dej. Spec. 4. 379; Icon. 4. 231. pi. 197. —
Erichson, Kafer, 58. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 115.
Ovate, pitchy black. Head with the usual small impression
on each side in front, palpi and antennae red. Thorax transverse,
sides gradually and very slightly rounded from the anterior
angles to the base, with the posterior angles likewise somewhat
rounded, disk convex, transversely wrinkled, the dorsal furrow
well impressed, base with an oblong stria on each side which
sometimes assumes the form of a deep pit, wholly impunctate.
Elytra ovate, finely striated ; legs pitchy red. Length 2-3 lines.
This species is the Carabus vernalis of Fabricius, but not Har-
palus vernalis of Gyllenhal ; the latter has been already recorded
(Pterostichus). It is a coast species, but rather local; not un-
common under stones on the Chesil bank and in similar localities
in the south, as well as on the coasts of Norfolk, Suffolk and
Essex.
Genus 42. MASOREUS, Dejean.
Men turn dente medio nullo. Ligula apice truncata ; paraglossis
membranaceisy earn longe superantibus. Palpi articulo ultimo
subovato, apice truncato. Tarsi articulo quarto integro :
unguiculis simplicibus.
1 . M. Wetterhallii ; rufo-piceus nitidus ; thorace brevi, dilatato,
lateribus rotundato ; elytris ovatis, subtiliter punctato-
striatis, basi ferrugineis ; palpis antennis pedibusque rufo-
testaceis.
Harpalus Wetterhallii, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 3. 698.
Masoreus Wetterhallii, Erichson, Kafer, 25.
M. luxatus, Dej. Spec. 3. 537 ; Icon. 3. 325. pi. 171. — Curtis,
Ent. pi. 287.— Steph. Hand. 5. 383, et Manual, p. 48.
Trechus laticollis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 103.
Above pitchy red, very shining. Head pitchy black, very
smooth and glossy, having a small pit on each side at the base
of the antennae, which together with the palpi are entirely tes-
taceous red, eyes and tip of the mandibles black. Thorax trans-
verse, very short and broad, with its sides rounded, posterior
angles subrotundate, disk convex, dorsal furrow strongly im-
pressed and extending to the base. Elytra somewhat ovate,
with the apex obliquely truncate, moderately convex, finely
striated, the striae delicately punctured, interstices flat, the base
ferruginous red, the rest pitchy black ; legs entirely testaceous.
Length 2J lines.
154 CARABID^E. — STENOLOPHUS.
GyllenhaPs name is restored to this species in right of
priority.
The insect is somewhat local, but maybe taken rather plentifully
on the Chesil bank, in the Isle of Portland ; on the sand-hills at
Deal ; and near Sheerness, in May and June.
Genus 43. STENOLOPHUS, Megerle.
Mentum dente medio nullo. Ligula apice truncata ; paraglossis
membranaceis, subrotundatis, ligulam hand superantibus.
Palpi articulo ultimo fusiformi, apice subacuminato. Man-
dibulse breves, acutiusculce. Labrum transversum, quadratum,
apice truncatum. Tarsi anteriores maris articulis dilatatis,
subtus biseriatim pectinato-setosis, ultimo aut bifido, aut
obcordato.
* Tarsi antici maris articulo penultimo profunde emarginato,
bilobo.
1 . S. Teutonus : oblongus ; capite pectore abdomineque nigris ;
thorace rufo, quadrato, postice utrinque subfoveolato, an-
gulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris rufis, striatis} macula
magna communi postica nigro-subcyanea ; antennarum
basi pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus Teutonus, Schrank, Enum. Ins. Aust. 214. no. 404
(1781).
C. vaporariorum, Fab. Mant. 1. 205 (1787). — Fab. S. El. 1.
206. — Panz. Faun. 16 (1789-1810). — Dufts. Faun. 2. 141.
Harpalus vaporariorum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 161. — Sturm, D. F.
4. 120.
Stenolophus vaporariorum, Dej. Spec. 4. 407 ; Icon. 4. 239.
pi. 198. — Steph. Mand. 1. 165. pi. 9, et Manual, p. 48.—-
Erichson, Kafer, 59.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 115.
Oblong. Head black, with a small deep fovea on each side in
front ; mouth, palpi and two joints at the base of the antennae
testaceous, the rest of the antennae fuscous black. Thorax red,
quadrate, sides very slightly rounded, the posterior angles obtuse
or subrotundate, the dorsal line very indistinct, transversely
wrinkled and met in front by a slight depressed space, the base
with a smooth shallow impression on each side. Elytra oblong,
sides almost straight, obliquely sloped at the tip, striated, inter-
stices flat, red in front, and with a large blue-black or cyaneous
patch covering the hinder part, common to both and extending
more or less upwards, sometimes leaving the shoulders alone
CARABID^!. STENOLOPHUS. 155
red ; underside of the thorax red, breast and abdomen black ;
legs testaceous. Length 3 lines.
Schrank's name is restored to this species in right of priority.
It is local ; but occasionally plentiful in Hammersmith marshes,
Battersea fields, &c. ; Fakenham; and in the Cambridgeshire
fens.
2. S. Skrimshiranus : oblongus, capite pectore abdomineque
nigris ; thorace rufo, subquadrato, postice utrinque sub-
foveolato, angulis posticis rotundatis ; elytris rufis, striatis,
disco posteriore brunneo; antennarum basi pedibusque
pallide testaceis.
Steph. Mand. 1. 166, et Manual, p. 48.
Like Teutonus, but inferior in size, and having the elytra
entirely rufous, with the exception of a dusky, more or less
indistinct iridescent cloud at their extremity which blends with
the rufous colour. Head shorter, with similar impressions,
mouth, palpi and two joints at the base of the antennae testa-
ceous, the rest of the latter fuscous. Thorax shorter, subquadrate,
the breadth being greater than the length, the posterior angles
more rounded, disk convex, the basal impressions smaller and a
little deeper. Elytra oblong, more narrowed at the shoulders
than in the preceding species, the sides more rounded, disk
more deeply striated and the interstices more convex ; underside
as in the above species, legs paler testaceous. Length 2J lines.
Abundant near Niton, Isle of Wight, in the spring and
autumn ; also taken at Madingley Wood and in the Cambridge-
shire fens, and near Yaxley, but veiy local.
3. S. vespertinus : oblongus, ater ; thorace quadrato, postice
utrinque foveolato, foveis punctatis, angulis posticis subro-
tundatis ; elytris brunneo-testaceis, striatis, disco posteriore
atro subcyaneo ; thoracis margine antennarum basi pedi-
busque testaceis.
Carabus vespertinus, 111. Kafer. 1. 197 (1798). — Panz. Faun.
37 (1789-1810).— Dufts. Faun. 2. 147 (1812).
Stenolophus vespertinus, Dej. Spec. 4. 421 ; Icon. 4. 241 . pi. 198.
— Steph. Mand. 1. 166, et Manual, p. 48. — Erichson, Kafer,
60.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 116.
Var. /3. elytris atris cyaneo micantibus, margine pallido.
Carabus Ziegleri, Panz. Faun. 108.
156 CARABID^. — STENOLOPHUS.
This insect resembles Teutonus in form, but is smaller. Head
black and shining, with a fovea on each side in front, palpi tes-
taceous, penultimate joint ringed with fuscous black, antennse
fuscous black with the basal joint testaceous. Thorax quadrate,
a little rounded at the sides, posterior angles subrotundate,
entire margin narrowly, and the posterior angles, edged with tes-
taceous, base with a wide punctate fovea on each side. Elytra
oblong, rather narrow, deeply striated, the interstices convex,
dusky testaceous, with a black, somewhat cyaneous patch behind,
extending upwards considerably and sometimes covering the
entire disk and leaving the shoulders and margins alone pale ;
underside black, legs pale testaceous. Length 2| lines.
Pale examples of this species cannot be confounded with
Skrimshiranus, because the form is different. The thorax is
more quadrate and the posterior angles are less rounded, in which
respects it resembles Teutonus; whereas in Skrimshiranus the
thorax is shorter, more narrowed behind, and the posterior angles
are distinctly rounded ; the basal fovea?, moreover, in vespertinus
are broader and evidently punctured.
This species is somewhat local, but in many places abundant,
It is found in marshes and on the banks of rivers, &c. Hammer-
smith ; Battersea fields ; Brentford and Kingsbury ; Southend ;
Whittlesea Mere and the Cambridgeshire fens; near Norwich, &c.
4. S. elegans : oblongus, capite pectore abdomineque nigris,
thorace ferrugineo, lato, subquadrato, postice coarctato
utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis rotundatis; elytris rufo-
testaceis,striatis, macula oblonga postica nigro-subcyanea;
antennarum basi, tibiis tarsisque testaceis, femoribus obscu-
rioribus. (PI. II. f. B.)
Dej. Spec. 4. 412; Icon. 4. 243. pi. 198.— Redt. Faun. Aust.
102.
Head black, smooth and convex, with a minute fovea on each
side in front at the base of the antennse, the latter fuscous black
with two joints at the base testaceous, palpi testaceous, with the
penultimate joint fuscous black. Thorax subquadrate, broad,
the width rather greater than the length, sides rounded, nar-
rowed behind, but the posterior angles rounded and very slightly
elevated, disk very convex, smooth and shining, ferruginous red,
immaculate, the dorsal line faint and met in front by a curved
transverse stria, base with a moderately deep fovea on each side,
close to the posterior margin. Elytra wider than the thorax,
CARABID.E. — STENOLOPHUS. 157
the shoulders rounded, sides nearly straight, slightly emarginate
before the apex, testaceous, having a blue-black or cyaneous
patch spread over each behind the middle, only leaving the apex,
the exterior margins and the suture narrowly edged with testa-
ceous, disk convex, striated, the striae impunctate; body beneath
black, legs reddish testaceous, femora rather obscure. Length
2 lines.
This species is for the first time introduced into the British
fauna on the authority of two specimens captured by the Rev.
H. Clark, in the Isle of Sheppey, between Sheerness and Queen-
borough, in May 1853.
** Tarsi antici maris articulo penultimo leviter emarginato, cordato.
5. S. consputus : elongatus, niger ; thorace rufo-piceo, cordato,
postice utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis rectis; elytris
testaceis, striatis, plaga oblonga nigro-pice£ ; antennarum
basi pedibus abdominisque apice flavis.
Carabus consputus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 148.
Trechus consputus, Sturm, D. F. 6. 71. pi. 149.— Steph. Mand.
1. 173, et Manual, p. 49.
Acupalpus consputus, Dej. Spec. 4. 443 ; Icon. 4. 258. pi. 199.
Stenolophus consputus, Erichson, Kafer, 61. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 116. — Redt. Faun. Aust. 102.
Elongate, rather narrow. Head black, with two deep fovese
between the eyes ; mouth, palpi and two joints at the base of the
antennae testaceous, the rest fuscous black. Thorax pitchy red,
very little wider than the head, slightly rounded below the
anterior angles, much contracted behind, posterior angles right
angles, disk very convex, base with a deep fovea on each side.
Elytra oblong, rather straight in front, with the humeral angles
only a little rounded and elevated, sides somewhat parallel, disk
convex and deeply striated, yellowish testaceous, having a large
oblong bluish-black patch behind, extending more or less upwards
but leaving the margins and suture always pale ; underside of
the body black, apex of the abdomen and legs pale testaceous.
Length 2 lines.
This species may be readily distinguished from its allies by its
more elongate and narrow form, by its cordate thorax, which is
likewise obliquely contracted behind and has distinct right angles;
and by the long parallel- sided elytra, which are of a paler colour
and have merely an oblong dark patch behind.
An individual of this species (with one of Bembidium littorale) is
placed in the Fabrician collection, as Erichson has informed us, under
158 CARABID^E. — STENOLOPHUS.
the name dorsalis, but the Fabrician description of the latter insect
can refer only to the species to which we have given that name.
It is very local: "Battersea fields and Old Brompton, spa-
ringly," Mr. Waterhouse. " Taken rather plentifully in a gravel-
pit near Windsor," Mr. Griesbach (as quoted by Mr. Stephens).
In May 1849, I procured a fine series on the banks of a stream
in Herringstone marsh near Dorchester.
6. S. dorsalis : oblongus, rufo-testaceus ; thorace subquadrato,
postice utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis subrotundatis,
disco plerumque fusco ; elytris striatis, plaga oblonga
posteriore nigra ; antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus dorsalis, Fab. Mant. 1. 205.-— Fab. S. El. 1. 208.
Harpalus dorsalis, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 164.
Trechus dorsalis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 72. pi. 149.— Steph. Mand. I.
167, et Manual, p. 48.
Acupalpus dorsalis, Dej. Spec. 4. 446 ; Icon. 4. 260. pi. 200.
Stenolophus dorsalis, Erichson, Kafer, 61. — Heer, Faun. Helv.
116.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 102.
Trechus parvulus, Steph. Mand. 1. 167, et Manual, p. 48.
Oblong, rather wide. Head black, smooth and shining, with
two obsolete fovese in front, external edge of the mandibles, base
and apex of the palpi and basal joint of the antennae testaceous,
penultimate joint of the palpi and rest of the antennae pitchy.
Thorax reddish testaceous with a dusky patch in the centre of
the disk, sometimes almost or quite covering it and leaving the
edges only pale and sometimes almost obsolete, subquadrate, the
breadth greater than the length, sides slightly rounded, posterior
angles somewhat rounded, disk rather flattish, with a fine dorsal
furrow and an impressed fovea at the base close to each angle.
Elytra oblong, broad, sides almost straight, finely striated, in-
terstices flat, testaceous, with a blue-black oblong patch behind,
in some examples interrupted at the suture, in others covering the
entire disk except the shoulders, in others again more or less
obsolete ; body beneath black, legs pitchy or pale testaceous.
Length ]^ line.
This insect, which somewhat resembles meridianus, cannot be
confounded with it. It is much broader ; the thorax especially
is shorter and broader, and not like that of meridianus distinctly
narrowed behind, and is always more or less rufous with a dusky
patch in the middle. Stephens has given as its localities, "Wands-
worth Common and Copenhagen Fields at the roots of grass on
gravelly banks by the sides of ponds;" and " marshes near Faken-
ham." I am indebted to Mr. Hadfield for a fine series of varieties,
which he procured from a gravel-pit on Stapleford Common near
CARABID.E. STENOLOPHUS. 159
Newark, where he has taken them both in spring and autumn,
among grass and rushes. It is also stated to have been taken
at Raehills, Dumfriesshire, by the Rev.W. Little; and near Paisley.
The Rev. Mr. Jarman captured it abundantly in May 1853 near
the railway bridge that crosses the lode in Holme Fen, Hunts.
7. S. meridianus : oblongus, niger ; thorace postice angustato,
utrinque foveolato punctatoque, angulis posticis obtusis ;
elytris striatis, basi sutura pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus meridianus, Linn. F. S. 797.— Fab. S. El. 1. 206.
Harpalus meridianus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 165.
Acupalpus meridianus, Dej. Spec. 4. 451 ; Icon. 4. 265. pi. 200.
Trechus meridianus, Steph. Mand. 1. 170, et Manual, p. 49.
Stenolophus meridianus, Erichson, Kafer, 62. — Heer, Faun.
Helv. 117.
Trechus suturalis, Steph. Mand. 1. 168, et Manual, p. 49.
Oblong. Head and thorax shining black, very glossy ; palpi
and antennae pitchy testaceous, base of the latter pale. Thorax
broad in front, and about equal to the length, and rounded below
the angles, obliquely narrowed behind, posterior angles obtuse,
dorsal furrow entire, having on each side at the base a large
punctured fovea. Elytra oblong, very slightly widest behind
the middle, rather convex and distinctly striated, black, with the
base and the suture testaceous ; underside black, legs testaceous.
Length If line.
T. suturalis of the Stephensian collection belongs to this
common species.
8. S. derelictus : oblongus, nigro-piceus ; thorace quadrato, postice
utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris
subtiliter striatis ; antennarum basi pedibusque pallide
testaceis.
Oblong, pitchy black. Head with a minute fovea on each side
in front, palpi and two joints at the base of the antennae testa-
ceous. Thorax reddish pitchy, with its margins testaceous,
broad and nearly quadrate, sides rounded and very slightly nar-
rowed behind, posterior angles somewhat rounded, very mode-
rately convex, the base depressed, having an impunctate fovea on
each side. Elytra about half as wide again as the thorax,
shoulders somewhat elevated, sides almost straight or very slightly
widest behind the middle, the apex distinctly emarginate, disk
moderately convex, finely striated, the striae impunctate ; under-
side black, legs pale testaceous. Length If line.
This apparently unique insect is about the size of S. dorsalis,
160 CARABID^E. — STENOLOPHUS.
but rather wider. It is very nearly allied to S. brunnipes, Sturm
(a species of which no British example has hitherto occurred), but
it is broader, paler, less convex, the base of the thorax depressed,
and the basal fovese are entirely smooth and impunctate, cha-
racters which appear to disconnect them. The specimen from
which I have taken my description is however a ? . It was
captured near London, probably at Plumstead, by Mr. F. Smith
of the British Museum, who kindly gave it to me. It was re-
turned to me from Paris as a species of Stenolophus unknown
there.
9. S. flavicollis : oblongus, capite nigro, thorace rufo-testaceo,
lato subquadrato, postice utrinquefoveolato, angulis posticis
subrotundatis ; elytris striatis, fusco-testaceis subcyaneis,
margine suturdque rufo-testaceis ; antennarum basi pedibus-
que testaceis.
Trechus flavicollis, Sturm, D.F. 6. 87. pi. 151.
Stenolophus Jtavicollis,~Etrichson, Kafer, 63. — Heer, Faun. Helv.
117.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 103.
Acupalpus nigriceps, Dej. Spec. 4. 453 ; Icon. 4. 267. pi. 200.
Oblong, broad. Head black and convex, with the usual small
fovese in front ; mandibles, palpi and basal joint of the antennse
testaceous, apex of the mandibles, penultimate joint of the palpi
and the rest of the antennae brownish. Thorax reddish testaceous,
subquadrate, broad (PI. II. f. 5), a little rounded at the sides,
scarcely narrowed behind, posterior angles rather rounded, but
not elevated, disk moderately convex, smooth, with a faint dorsal
line intersected by a fine transverse impression in front, base
with a neatly sculptured fovea near each angle. Elytra pitchy
red, or reddish testaceous, with an obscure cloud on each, the
suture always paler testaceous, broader than the thorax, not
narrowed in front, but with the shoulders wide and rounded,
sides almost parallel, disk convex and finely striated; legs pale
testaceous. Length 1 \ line.
This insect is entirely distinct from T. flavicollis, Steph., which
belongs to the next species. The thorax is much wider and not
narrowed behind as in that insect, the elytra are also wider and
more parallel and not at all contracted in front. It was first
captured in England by Mr. Dale several years ago, who obtained
two specimens from the neighbourhood of Lymington. I secured
a fine series in a marshy piece of ground near Shanklin and
Luccombe in the Isle of Wight in the months of April and May
1847-48.
10. S. luridus : oblongus; capite fusco-testacco, thorace testaceo,
. STENOLOPHUS. 161
subquadrato, postice subangustato, utrinque foveolato, an-
gulis posticis obtusis ; elytris striatis, fusco-testaceis, mar-
gine suturdque pallidioribus ; antennarum basi pedibusque
testaceis.
Acupalpus luridus, Dej. Spec. 4. 454 ; Icon. 4. 268. pi. 201.
Stenolophus luridus, Redt. Faun. Aust. 103.
S. exiguus, var., Erichson, Kafer, 63.
Trechus Jlamcollis, Steph. Mand. 1. 168, et Manual, p. 48.
T. nitidus, Steph. Marid. 5. 384, et Manual, p. 49.
Oblong. Head pitchy or fuscous testaceous, convex, with the
usual impressions on each side between the antennae, which are
pitchy brown with two joints at the base pale testaceous. Thorax
testaceous, much narrower than mflavicollis (PL II. f. 6), a little
rounded below the anterior angles, narrowed behind, delicately
margined and the margin a little elevated at the posterior angles
which are obtuse, disk convex, with a fine dorsal line and a deep
fovea on each side at the base. Elytra rusty brown or pitchy
testaceous, more or less obscure, with the suture and margins
paler, oblong, narrowed in front, shoulders rounded, sides very
gradually and obliquely widening till behind the middle, mode-
rately convex, evenly and finely striated; breast and abdomen
brownish black ; legs pale testaceous. Length 1^ line.
Not very abundant, but widely distributed; Wandsworth
Common ; Hampstead Heath ; Weybridge ; Ripley ; Hastings ;
Isle of Wight. "Moffat hills/' Rev. W. Little. It is also in-
cluded among the Irish species.
11. S. exiguus : oblongus, nigro-piceus ; thorace subquadrato,
postice subangustato, utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis
obtusis ; elytris striatis, antennarum basi pedibusque piceo-
testaceis.
Acupalpus exiguus, Dej. Spec. 4. 456 ; Icon. 4. 270. pi. 201.
Stenolophus exiguus, Erichson, Kafer, 63. — Redt. Faun. Aust.
103.
This rare little species is somewhat smaller than the preceding.
It is uniformly shining pitchy black, and independent of the
difference of colour, it appears to have constant characters to
distinguish it from the foregoing species. The form is narrower
and more depressed. Head small and round; antennse pitchy
black, two joints at the base together with the mouth and palpi
pitchy testaceous. Thorax narrower, more contracted behind,
posterior angles obtuse, disk with the usual dorsal furrow, base
with a fovea on each side. Elytra narrower in front but with
the shoulders prominent, rather widest behind the middle, but the
162 CARABIDjE. BRADYCELLUS.
sides not rounded, disk more depressed, finely striated; legs
pitchy testaceous. Length 1^ line.
This insect was first discovered in England by Mr. S. Stevens,
who captured a few specimens on Bury hiU near Arundel ; a single
example was taken by Mr. Wollaston near Luccombe in the Isle
of Wight ; and I subsequently secured a series from beneath
rejectamenta on the sands in Pegwell Bay near Ramsgate in
Feb. 1849.
Genus 44. BRADYCELLUS, Erichson.
Mentum dente medio acuto. Ligula apice medio sinuata ; para-
glossis membranaceis, acuminatis, ligulam paululum supe-
rantibus. Palpi articulo ultimo fusiformi, apice subacuminato .
Mandibulse breves, acutiusculce. Labrum transversum, trun-
catum. Tarsi antici maris articulis quatuor dilatatis, primo
subquadrato, reliquis obcordatis, singulis subtus biseriatim
pectinato-setosis ; intermedii in utroque sexu simplices.
1. B. placidus : oblongus, rufo-testaceus ; thorace subquadrato,
posticb subangustato, utrinque foveolato punctatoque, disco
plerumque infuscato ; elytris striatis, testaceis, macula
oblonga juxta suturam nigro-picea ; antennarum basi
pedibusque testaceis.
Harpalus placidus , Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 453.
Acupalpus placidus, Dej. Spec. 4. 441 ; Icon. 4. 256. pi. 199. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 118.
Trechus placidus, Steph. Mand. 5. 384, et Manual, p. 50.
Bradycellus placidus, Erichson, Kitfer, 65. — Redt. Faun. Aust.
103.
Harpalus vespertinus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 162.
Head large, pitchy, convex, the sides punctured behind the
eyes, which are large and prominent ; palpi and three joints at
the base of the antennae testaceous. Thorax ferruginous, with a
dark blotch in the middle, wide and rounded in front below the
angles, obliquely narrowed behind, disk moderately convex,
having a fine dorsal line which is met in front by a transverse
curved depression on which are several small punctures, base
punctured, and with a large punctured fovea on each side. Elytra
testaceous, with a narrow lanceolate dark stripe on each near the
suture, the latter being always pale, oblong-ovate, shoulders a
little rounded, sides rather widest about the middle, evenly striated,
striae deepest next the suture; legs pale testaceous. Length
2 lines.
CARABID^E. BRADYCELLUS. 163
Not common; but found in the marshes about Whittlesea
Mere and in the Cambridgeshire fens. " Banks of the Thames
and Stockton-on-Tees," Mr. Stephens. " Dunston in June/'
J. Hardy.
2. B. cognatus : oblongus, subpubescens, nigro-piceus ; thorace
subquadrato, postice subangustato , utrinque foveolato
punctatoque, angulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris piceo-
ferrugineis, striatis, maculd magnd oblongd nigro-piced ;
antennarum basi tibiisque rufo-testaceis.
Harpalus cognatus, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 455.
Acupalpus cognatus, Dej. Spec. 4. 440 ; Icon. 4. 255. pi. 199.
This insect is nearly allied to the preceding, but is smaller,
darker-and very finely pubescent. Head black, palpi and antennae
pitchy, apex of the former and the basal joint of the latter red.
Thorax pitchy black or black with the margins narrowly and the
base more broadly obscure testaceous, subquadrate, a little
narrowed behind, posterior angles rather more rounded than in
placidus, the dorsal furrow terminating in front in a depressed
space extending transversely to the anterior angles and carrying
numerous punctures, the base also punctured and with a punctured
fovea on each side, as in the allied species. Elytra pitchy black,
with the suture, the shoulders and the lateral margins ferruginous,
more or less pitchy, sometimes reddish testaceous with a large
dark cloud covering the hinder portion and extending more
narrowly upwards, disk convex, very finely pubescent, rather less
deeply striated and the sides less dilated behind than in placidus ;
legs pitchy black, tibiae reddish testaceous. Length 2 lines.
This is peculiarly a mountain species and has never occurred in
the south. In Wales, Yorkshire and other northern counties, as
well as in Scotland, it is taken upon the high moors. Stephens
made a mistake when he recorded its capture near London ; the
specimen which he mistook for this insect is an immature meri-
dianus. Abundant on Midgeley Moor, &c., Yorkshire; in pro-
fusion on Griben Oernant, Moel y Gamelin and other moors near
Llangollen. Mr. Haliday has captured a single specimen on the
hills near Belfast. " Near Edinburgh ; Renfrewshire, Berwick-
shire." Murray's Catalogue.
3. B. fulvus : oblongo-ovatus, rufo-piceus ; thorace subquadrato,
postice utrinque foveolato punctatoque, angulis posticis
obtusis ; elytris striatis, striis externis obsolete punctulatis ;
antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus fulvus, Marsham, Ent. 456.
M 2
164 CARABID.E. BRADYCELLUS.
Trechus fulvus, Steph. Mand. 1. 167, et Manual, p. 49.
T.pallidus, Steph. Mand. 1. 169.
Acupalpus harpalinus, Dej. Spec. 4. 471 ; Icon. 4. 274. pi. 201.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 118.
Brady cellus harpalinus, Redt. Faun. Aust. 103.
Trechus brunnipes, Steph. Manual, p. 49.
Head convex, smooth, with the usual impressions in front ;
palpi and antennae testaceous. Thorax nearly quadrate, a little
narrowed behind and with the hinder angles obtuse, more rarely
inclined to right angles, base usually broad and almost truncate,
the dorsal furrow strongly marked and met in front by a de-
pression curved so as to enclose a triangular raised space above
it, base with a large punctured fovea on each side. Elytra oblong-
ovate, sides very slightly rounded in some examples, but more
ovate and more dilated behind the middle in others, convex,
moderately striated, some of the exterior striae obsoletely punc-
tured ; legs pale testaceous. The colour is very variable, some-
times reddish testaceous or fulvous, pitchy red, or pitchy brown
or ferruginous with an obscure dusky oblong dash on each
elytron, the paler colours not being always indicative of a less
degree of maturity. It is also very variable in size. Length
lf-2j lines.
T. brunnipes, Steph., is a dark individual of this species. The
true T. brunnipes, Sturm, is not found in Britain and is altogether
a different insect.
This species is very abundant and generally distributed.
4. B. collaris : oblongo-ovatus. rufo-ferrugineus ; thorace sub-
quadrato, postice subangustato, utrinque foveolato punctato-
que, angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris striatis ; antennarum
basi pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus collaris, Payk. Faun. 1. 146.
Harpalus collaris, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 166.
Acupalpus collaris, Dej. Spec. 4. 472 ; Icon. 4. 275. pi. 202. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 118.
Brady cellus collaris, TZrichson,*K&fer, 65. — Steph. Manual, p. 50.
—Redt. Faun. Aust. 103.
This species is about two-thirds the ordinary stature of fulvus,
and very small examples of that insect are liable to be confounded
with it. It is oblong-ovate, reddish ferruginous with the thorax
usually paler. Head smooth and very convex with a small round
fovea on each side in front ; antennae pitchy with three joints at
the base pale ; eyes black. Thorax nearly quadrate, more convex,
base with two deep fovese punctured within and on the edges, the
CARABID.E. BRADYCELLUS. 165
hinder angles obtuse. Elytra oblong-ovate, not so broad in front
nor so dilated behind the middle as in fulvus, but more convex,
distinctly striated, the striae wholly impunctate ; underside of the
head and thorax rusty red, breast and abdomen pitchy black ;
legs pale testaceous. Length If line.
The insect described by Sturm under the name collaris is
thought by Erichson to belong to the foregoing species; at any
rate the descriptions given by Sturm do not correspond with the
insect before us. It is a mountain species and is found upon
the high moors in North Wales, Yorkshire, Lancashire and
Scotland ; less frequent in more southern districts.
5. B. sixnilis : oblong o-ovatus, piceus ; thorace subquadrato,
postice utrinque foveolato, foveis punctatis ; elytris striatis,
striis externis obsolete punctatis ; antennarum basi pedibus-
que testaceis.
Acupalpus similis, Dej. Spec. 4. 474 ; Icon. 4. 277- pi- 202.
Brady cellus similis, Erichson, Kiifer, 694 . — Redt. Faun. Aust. 1 03 .
Harpalus collaris, var. b, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 455.
Trechus ruficollis, Steph. Mand. 1 . 1 68, et Manual, p. 48.
Smaller than collaris, pitchy black, with the thorax sometimes
and the suture always pitchy red, palpi and base of the antennae
pale. Thorax subquadrate, much shorter and wider than in
collaris, a little rounded in front below the angles, very slightly
narrowed behind so that the base appears broad, the posterior
angles less obtuse, base with a deep punctured fovea on each
side. Elytra oblong-ovate, broadest behind the middle, striated,
some of the external striae very obsoletely punctured ; underside
black; legs pitchy or rusty red. Length li line.
As the name ruficoUis had been previously employed, I have
adopted that which Dejean gave to the species. The insect is
extremely abundant on sandy and moory commons where heather
grows all over the kingdom.
Genus 45. TRECHUS, Clairville.
Mentuin dente medio integro, vel emarginato. Ligula apice rotun-
data ; paraglossis linearibus, earn multum superantibus. Palpi
articulo ultimo penultimo minore, conico, acuto. Mandibulae
prominulce, acutcz. Labrum transvers-um, apice plus minus
emarginatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis duobus dilatatis
triangular ibus, introrsiim dilatatis.
1 . T. discus : oblongus, rufo-testaceus ; thorace cordato, angulis
posticis acutis ; elytris subtiliter punctato-striatis subpu-
166 CARABIDJE. TRECHUS.
bescentibus, macula communi postica fusca ; antennis
pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus discus, Fab. S. El. 1. 207.— Dufts. Faun. 2. 171.
Trechus discus, Sturm, D. F. 6. 80. — Dej. Spec. 5. 4 ; Icon. 4.
287. pi. 203.— Erichson, Kafer, 1 20.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 119.
Blemus discus, Steph. Manual, p. 50.
B. unifasciatus, Steph. Mand. 1. 172.
Oblong, testaceous red, subpubescent. Head with a deep
oblong impression on each side, eyes black and prominent.
Thorax cordate, much narrowed behind, posterior angles acute,
disk with a deep dorsal furrow and a transverse impression and
two fovese at the base. Elytra oblong, rounded at the shoulders,
finely punctate-striated, with two impressions on the third stria,
interstices obsoletely punctulated and pubescent, disk with a
common fuscous or blue-black patch behind the middle; legs
paler testaceous. Length 2^ lines.
Frequents humid places in Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire
and midland counties, and in the London district. Meadows by
the Trent near Newark ; Vale of Towey ; islands of the Ouse in
Bedfordshire, &c.
2. T. micros : elongatus, testaceus ; thorace subcordato, angulis
posticis rectis ; elytris subparallelis, subtiliter punctato-
striatis, interstitiis subtilissime punctulatis, pubescentibus ;
antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus micros, Herbst, Archiv, 142. 60.
Trechus micros, Sturm, D. F. 6. 82.— Dej. Spec. 5. 5 ; Icou. 4.
289. pi. 203.— Erichson, Kafer, 120.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 119.
Blemus micros, Curtis, Ent. pi. 310. — Steph. Manual, p. 50.
Carabus rubens, Dufts. Faun. 2. 112.
Blemus rubens, Steph. Mand. 1. 172.
Narrower and more elongate than the preceding species and
of a duller testaceous colour. Head dusky, rather depressed,
with a fovea on each side, palpi and antennae testaceous red.
Thorax subcordate, rounded at the anterior angles and rather
dilated, obliquely narrowed behind, posterior angles right angles,
base with two fovea?. Elytra oblong, somewhat parallel, faintly
striated, pubescent, with two impressions, one before and the
other behind the middle, interstices very minutely and densely
punctulated, each elytron with a dusky cloud towards the apex ;
legs testaceous. Length 2 lines.
Local. " Lambeth, Chelsea and Hackney marshes ; Windsor ;
Thruxton, Hants ; Carlisle ; the Vale of Towey in South Wales ;
banks of the Trent, near Newark ; " Berwickshire ; " Falkirk,
Paisley, Mull, Glasgow." Murray's Catalogue.
. — TRECHUS. 167
3. T. longicornis : elongatus, rufo-brunneus ; thorace cordato,
postice utrinque obsolete foveolato, angulis posticis rectis ;
elytris subparallelis, striis tribus dorsalibus distinctis,
externis obsoletis ; antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Sturm, D. F. 6. 83. pi. 151.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 119.
Blemus longicornis, Steph. Mand. 1. 172, et Manual, p. 50.
Trechus littoralis, Dej. Spec. 5. 7; Icon. 4. 290. pi. 103.
Elongate, narrow, reddish brown. Head obscure black, with
two curved impressions approximating in front, and forming an
elevated ridge on each side behind the eyes, the latter rather
small ; palpi and antennae testaceous. Thorax separated from
the hinder part of the body by a short collar or neck, cordate,
posterior angles right angles, disk with the usual dorsal furrow
terminating before and behind in a transverse impression, base
with two fovese. Elytra somewhat parallel, disk flattish and
very finely striated, the three strise nearest the suture rather
more distinct, the sutural one disappears just before the extre-
mity, the second and third reach to the apex, just before which
they form a curve, the fourth stria disappears behind the middle,
and the remainder become obsolete before they reach it, on the
third stria there is an impression a little behind the middle and
another near the apex ; legs testaceous. Length 1| line.
This rare species has hitherto occurred but in one locality in
Britain, having been taken from under rejectamenta at the
Dudden Sands near Broughton, Lancashire, in June.
4. T. rubens : oblongus, piceus ; thorace subquadrato, postice
utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis acutis ; elytris oblongo-
ovatis, violaceo-micantibus, punctato-striatis, striis externis
obsoletis ; antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus rubens, Fab. S. El. 1. 187.
Bembidium paludosum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 34.
Trechus paludosus, Sturm, D. F. 6. 89. — Dej. Spec. 5. 8; Icon.
4. 292. pi. 203.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 120.
Blemus paludosus, Steph. Mand. 1. 171, et Manual, p. 50.
Oblong, pitchy or pitchy red, shining. Head depressed, with
a deeply impressed stria on each side between the eyes, palpi
and antennae red. Thorax subquadrate, sides rounded in front,
narrowed behind, posterior angles acute and rather prominent,
disk rather convex, the central line terminated in front by a
slight impression, the base with two deep fovese. Elytra oblong-
ovate, sides wider and more rounded behind the middle, disk a
little depressed in front, having a bluish or cyaneous reflection,
168 CARABID.E. TRECHUS.
punctate-striated, the punctured strise rather obsolete on the
sides, the outer margins with a few larger impressions behind
the shoulders ; body beneath pitchy black, with the apex of the
abdomen pale ; legs red. Length 2f lines.
For restoring the Fabrician name to this insect, I have the
authority of Erichson, who informs us that he found it so
labelled in the Fabrician collection. It occurs in the north of
England and in Scotland, and more rarely in Ireland.
5. T. lapidosus : rufo-testaceus, nitidus, capite inter dum piceo,
oculis nigris ; thorace subquadrato, postice utrinque foveo-
lato, angulis posticis acutis ; elytris punctato-striatis punc-
tisque duobus impressis ; antennis pedibusque pallidis.
(PI. II. f. D, PI. III. f. 3.)
Blemus lapidosus, Dawson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 3. 214 (1849).
B. pallidus, Steph. Manual, p. 50.
Above reddish testaceous, paler beneath. Head sometimes
pitchy, oblong depressed, with a deep longitudinal impression on
each side behind the eyes ; the latter black and depressed, palpi
and antennae pale testaceous. Thorax subquadrate, sides mar-
gined, rounded below the anterior angles, obliquely narrowed
behind, posterior angles acute and prominent, disk flattish with
an impressed dorsal line, base depressed, with two wide fovese.
Elytra much depressed, punctate-striated, the third interstice
with two deeper impressions ; legs pale testaceous. Length
2f lines.
Very local ; near Ventnor, Isle of Wight ; South Shields and
Berwick-upon-Tweed. A single specimen has been taken by
Mr. Haliday on the shore at Holywood, in Ireland.
6. T. incilis : subtus niger, abdominis apice testaceo, supra
nigro-piceus ; thorace subquadrato, postice utrinque foveo-
lato, angulis posticis acutis ; elytris oblong o-ovatis, striis
quatuor dorsalibus abbreviatis in singulo impressis ; an-
tennarum articulo 2, 3 et 4 basi nigris, reliquis, palpis
pedibusque testaceis. (PI. II. f. C.)
Dawson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 3. 213 (1849).
Oblong-ovate, pitchy black. Head with two deep frontal
impressions, with an elevated ridge between them ; antennse
reddish testaceous, the second, third and fourth joints ringed
with black. Thorax subquadrate, sides rounded and acutely
margined, contracted behind, posterior angles acute, disk rather
CARABID.E. TRECHUS. 169
convex, with the dorsal line entire, and two deep fovese nearly
covering the base. Elytra oblong-ovate, with a cyaneous reflec-
tion, rather convex, the disk of each furnished with three coarse
abbreviated stria3 and a fourth interrupted and somewhat obsolete,
sides and apex smooth, with four or five impressions within the
margins, near the humeral angles ; body beneath shining black,
with the tip of the abdomen broadly testaceous, legs red. Length
2^ lines.
I captured a pair of this remarkable species at Whittlesea
Mere, in July 1847.
7. T. minutus : rufo-piceus ; thorace transversot postice utrinque
foveolato, angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis,
striis quatuor dorsalibus distinctis, externis obsoletis ;
antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus minutus, Fab. S. El. 1. 210.
Trechus minutus, Steph. Mand. 1. 169. — Erichson, Kafer, 121.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 120.
Carabus tempestivus, Panz. Faun. 73. 6.
Bembidium 4-striatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 31.
Trechus rubens, Clairv. Ent. Helv. 2. 26. — Sturm, D. F. 6. 97.
— Dej. Spec. 5. 12 ; Icon. 4. 296. pi. 204.
T. aquaticus, fuscipennis et tristis, Steph. Manual, p. 49.
T. Icevis, Steph. Mand. 5. 394.
Var. /3. elytris stria tertid punctis duobus impressis.
C. \-striatus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 185.
Trechus obtusus, Erichson, Kafer, 122.
Variable in colour, pitchy red or ferruginous, the head usually
pitchy black, sometimes also the thorax with the margins reddish.
Head with a deep elongate impression on each side, between
which and the eye is an elevated fold ; the parts of the mouth
and the antennae testaceous. Thorax transverse, the breadth in
front greater than the length, the sides rounded below the ante-
rior angles, more or less obliquely narrowed behind, posterior
angles obtuse, disk very smooth and shining, with a deep dorsal
furrow terminating before and behind in an evident depression,
the base with a large fovea on each side near the angle. Elytra
oblong-ovate, much broader than the thorax, sides rounded and
dilated behind the middle, depressed, each with four striae next
the suture, the exterior ones more or less obsolete and not reach-
ing the apex; the first next the suture forms a bend at the apex,
and passing along the margin is carried upwards beyond the
next three, presenting the appearance of a regular curve ; under
a strong magnifying power the stria appear obsoletely punctured
170 , CARABID.E. TRECHUS.
in some examples, but in others perfectly smooth, and generally
there are two distinct impressions on the third stria ; legs testa-
ceous. Length 1J line.
Extremely common and abundant everywhere.
(EPAPHIUS, Leach.)
8. T. secalis : ferrugineus ; thorace cordato subgloboso, angulis
posticis rotundatis; elytris ovatis, striis quinque dorsalibus
punctatis, externis obsoletis ; pedibus pallide testaceis.
Carabus secalis, Payk. Faun. 1. 146. — Dufts. Faun. 2. 62.
Bembidium secale, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 36.
Trechus secalis, Sturm, D. F. 6. 96.— Dej. Spec. 5. 24 ; Icon. 4.
310. pi. 206. — Erichson, Kafer, 122.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 123.
Epaphius secalis, (Leach, MSS.), Sam. Ent. Comp. p. 149. —
Steph. Maud. 1 . 172, et Manual, p. 50.
Ferruginous, shining. Head with a deep furrow on each side
and an elevated fold on which is a round puncture close to the
eyes, which are black, antennae pale testaceous. Thorax cordate,
globose, much narrowed behind and so rounded as to leave
scarcely any posterior angles, convex, very glabrous and shining,
with an impressed dorsal line and with two fovere at the base.
Elytra ovate, shoulders rounded, the sides widest behind the
middle, each wing-case with five striae next the suture deeply
striated till behind the middle, the striae exterior to these slightly
marked, the apex and sides smooth, the third stria nearest the
suture with two larger impressions, and the margins with a few
just below the shoulders; legs pale testaceous. Length 1J line.
This insect is found abundantly in many parts of England,
but is rather local : on the coast of Norfolk and the banks of
the H umber; midland counties; near Newark; north of En-
gland ; Berwickshire ; and in South Wales.
Genus 46. AEPYS, Leach.
Men turn dente media obtuso. Ligula parva, paraglossis tenuibus
setisque duabus mediis armatis. Palpi maxillares maxillis
mx longiores, articulo ultimo penultimo breviore illo attenuate,
labiales articulo ultimo penultimo longitudine aquali attenuato.
Mandibula? porrectcK, intus acute tridenticulatte, denticulis
distantibus. Labrum profunde emarginatum. Tarsi ante-
riores articulo penultimo subtus spind incurvd armati, singulis
subtus pubescentibus.
1. A. marinus : apterus, depressus, pallide flavus, subpubescens ;
CARABID^E. — AEPYS. 171
thorace cordato, angulis posticis subrectis; elytris oblongis,
subparallelis, obsoletissime striatis punctisque tribus vel
duobus impressis.
Cicindela marina, Strom. Act. Hafn. (1783) p. 63. f. 8.
Aepus fulvescens, (Leach, MSS.) Sam. Ent. Comp. p. 149. —
Curtis, Ent. pi. 203.— Steph. Mand. 1. 1 74, et Manual, p. 51 .
Trechus fulvescens, Dej. Spec. 5. 27; Icon. 4. 311. pi. 206.
Wingless, very depressed, subpubescent, pale ochreous yellow,
paler beneath. Head very large, with a deep curved impression
on each side ; eyes minute and black. Thorax cordate, truncate
in front, sides obliquely narrowed to the base, which is con-
tracted and has two obsolete fovese, hinder angles not quite
rectangular, but more or less obtuse. Elytra oblong, humeral
angles rounded, sides rather parallel, disk irregularly and more
or less obsoletely punctulated and striated, generally with two or
three more distinct impressions ; legs pale. Length 1 line.
" Taken in plenty on the southern coast of Devonshire, beneath
stones at the mouths of the rivers Tamar and Yealm; and at
Tamarton, Bantham and Kingsbridge." Dr. Leach. Berwick-
upon-Tweed. " Ballyhuish Ferry, Scotland." Mr. Curtis. Found
in great abundance also by my friend Mr. Adam White, at South
Queensferry, at low water, in the interstices of the stratified
sandstone into which silt had been washed by the tide. " Strang-
ford Lough, Ireland." Mr. Holiday.
2. A. Robinii : apterus, depressus, pallide flavus, subpubescens ;
thorace cordato , angulis posticis subrotundatis ; elytris
oblongo-ovatis, Isevigatis, punctisque tribus vel duobus
impressis.
Trechus Robinii, Lab. Ann. Soc. Ent. (2nd series) 7. 35. pi. 2.
This insect, which bears a close affinity to the preceding, differs
in the following particulars. The posterior angles of the thorax
are more rotundate ; the elytra are more narrowed and rounded
in front and the sides are distinctly rounded instead of being
parallel ; the mandibles are less prominent ; and the spine
beneath the penultimate joint of the anterior tarsus is shorter
and less curved; the entire upper surface is likewise more
glabrous and shining. Mons. Laboulbene, in the seventh volume
of the " Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France," has
fully described the species from examples captured near Boulogne.
I have received specimens from Scotland of both insects, which
will probably be found mixed up in collections. Mr. Wollaston
172 CARABINE. BLEMUS.
took three or four in my presence from a salt marsh in the Isle
of Portland, which correspond with the present insect ; and my
friend Mr. Guyon secured a single example on the sea-shore at
Ventnor.
Subfam. 5. BEMBIDIDES, Westwood.
The genus Bembidium, first established by Latreille, is now
generally re-adopted to comprehend that little group of insects of
semi-aquatic habits, which, upon the authority of Megerle and
Ziegler, had been subdivided under the names Tachys, Notaphus,
Peryphus, Lopha, Leja, Tachypus and Blemus, to which have
been added by our British entomologists Cillenus, Ocys, Philoc-
thus and Lymnaum, because the characters upon which these
subdivisions are based were considered insufficient to warrant
the establishment of distinct genera. Of these, Blemus, Lym-
nceum and Cillenus are represented by solitary types of a very
remarkable character, which, from their general habit of passing
a considerable portion of their existence (more especially the
insect which represents the latter genus) in a state of submersion,
nearly approximate to Aepys, and form, in fact, a valuable con-
necting link between the Trechi and the true Bembidia. Between
Cillenus and the other Bembidia no material variation of internal
structure is observable, but the insects which represent Blemus
(PI. III. f. 1) and Lymrueum (PL III. f. 2) differ from them in
several particulars, and I have consequently ventured to retain
them as distinct genera. It is questionable, indeed, whether
they might not, with equal propriety, be placed among the
Trechi, more especially the remarkable species which represents
the genus Blemus, as it more nearly resembles the typical cha-
racters of Trechus in the ligula, paraglossae and palpi ; the apical
joint of the labial and maxillary palpi, though shorter than the
preceding, being more than double the length of the correspond-
ing one in Bembidium. In fact, M. Jacquelin-Duval has excluded
it from his monograph on the European Bembidia on those
grounds.
Genus 47. BLEMUS, Ziegler.
Mentum lateribus valde rotundato-dilatatis, dente medio integro.
Ligula lata membranacea apice subrotundata ; paraglossis
linearibus ligulam multum superantibus. Palpi maxillares
articulo secundo margins externo inflato, penultimo elongate
incrassato paululum securiformi, labiales articulo penultimo
subovali, ultimis gracillimis subelongatis at penultimis brevi-
oribus. Maxillae graciles, acutce, lobo interno intus spinuloso-
CARABID^I. BLEMUS. 173
ciliata, externo biarticulato, articulo secundo dimidio breviore.
Mandibulae arcuatte, acute, intus in medio tridenticulata.
Labrum minutum, antice profunde emarginatum, postice
for liter coarctatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis duobus
dilatatis, primo triangularly secundo obcordiformi, introrsum
dilatatis, articulo penultimo subtus in utroque sexu spind
incurvd armato.
1. B.areolatus: nigro-piceus,depressus; thorace oblong o -cor data
postice coarctato unistriatoque, angulis posticis acutiusculis ;
elytris elongatis, parallelis, subpubescentibus, plagd media
rufo-ferrugined, punctato-striatis, punctisque duobus im-
pressis ; antennis basi pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus areolatus, Creutz. Ent. Ver. 115.
Bembidium areolatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 155. — Dej. Spec. 5. 37;
Icon. 4. 322. pi. 207.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 123.
Lymnceum areolatum, Steph. Manual, p. 52.
L. depressum, Steph. Mand. 2. 3.
Oblong, depressed, pitchy black, sometimes reddish. Head
with an elongate curved impression on each side enclosing the
eyes ; labrum, palpi and two joints at the base of the antennae
red, the rest of the antennae brownish. Thorax oblong, heart-
shaped, much contracted behind, posterior angles rather acute,
disk with a deeply impressed dorsal furrow and a stria on each
side at the base. Elytra depressed, elongate, sides parallel,
finely pubescent, pitchy, with a red patch common to both across
the middle, more or less distinct, punctate-striated, the punctured
striae effaced at the apex, the third interstice with two impressions;
legs red. Length 1J line.
Rare : Dudden Sands, near Broughton-in-Furness, Lanca-
shire; and at the confluence of the Conway and Llugwy in
North Wales.
Genus 48. LYMN-ffiUM, Stephens.
Mentuin lateribus mediocriter dilatato-rotundatis, dente medio
integro. Ligula mediocris, membranacea, apice subrotundata ;
paraglossis gracilibus ligulam superantibus. Palpi maxillares
articulo secundo gracili, penultimo inflato, labiales articulo
penultimo incrassato, ultimis subuliformibus penultimis brevi-
oribus. Maxillae graciles, lobo apicali intus spinulis armato,
lobo externo biarticulato, articulo basali dimidio breviore.
Mandibulse porrectce, conica, apice acuto infiexo, intus ad
174 CAR^BID^:. LYMN^UM.
basin sub-bidenticulata. Labrum breve, transversum, antice
subemarginatum. Tarsi antici maris articulis duobus dila-
tatis, articulo p.enultimo subtus in utroque sexu spind incurvd
armato.
1 . L. nigropiceum : nigro-piceum, nitidum, thorace subcordato,
postice fortiter coarctatoy utrinque profunde impresso, an-
gulis posticis acutiusculis ; elytris elongatis subparallelis,
profunde striatis, punctis duobus impressis ; antennis pedi-
busque ferrugineis.
Carabus nigropiceus, Mar sham, Ent. 468.
Lymnceum nigropiceum, Steph. Mand. 2. 3, et Manual, p. 51.
Bembidium sulcatulum, Chaud. Carab. p. 233 (1846).
Oblong, wingless, depressed, pitchy black, sometimes with a
rusty hue. Head large, flattened, with two deep longitudinal
frontal furrows; antennae long, and, together with the palpi,
rusty red. Thorax heart-shaped, wider than the head, sides
rounded below the anterior angles, much contracted behind,
posterior angles rather acute, base with two deeply impressed
fovese. Elytra rounded off at the shoulders, the sides almost
parallel, disk depressed, deeply striated, the striae deepest next
the suture, all of them entire, with some of the marginal ones
distinctly though finely punctured, the interstice between the
third and fourth striae furnished with two deep impressions, one
about the centre and the other nearer the apex ; legs red.
Length 2 lines.
This species is rare; in 1845—6 I found it in some abundance
among the fine shingle on the sea-beach at Ventnor and Steep -
hill, Isle of Wight ; since which time it had not occurred till
1852, when Mr. Guyon again procured it in the last-named
locality. M. Chaudoir found it in the Crimea ; and it is not a
little remarkable that it has been discovered only in these two
localities, so widely remote from each other.
Genus 49. BEMBIDIUM, Latreille.
Mentum dente media integro. Ligula apice jsubrotundata ; para-
glossis sublinearibus, eamparum super antibus. Palpi articulo
penultimo maximo, obconico, ultimo minutissimo, acuto^ subu-
liformi. Mandibulse arcuata, acuia. Labrum breve, trans-
versum. Tarsi antici maris articulis duobus dilatatis, primo
maximo, quadra to.
CARA BID^;. BEMBIDIUM.
(CiLLENUS, Leach.)
175
1. B. laterale : capite thoraceque viridi-seneis, hoc cordato postice
for tit er coarctato; elytris elongatis,parallelis,ftavo-testaceis
seneo infuscatis, striatis, striis obsolete punctatis, punctis
quatuor impressis ; antennis basi pedibmque pallide tes-
taceis.
Cillenus later alls (Leach, MSS.), Sam.Ent.Comp.p. 148(1819).
Cillenum laterale, Curtis, Ent. 200 (1828).— Steph. Mand. 2.4,
et Manual, p. 52.
Bembidium laterale, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 213 (1851).
B. Leachii, Dej. Spec. 5. 36 ; Icon. 4. 320. pi. 207.
Wings rudimentary. Head and thorax brassy green, slightly
coppery, the former large, with a roughish fovea on each side en-
closing an elevated space on the crown very smooth, shining and
coppery; eyes large and prominent; mandibles and antennae
reddish, three joints at the base of the latter together with the
palpi testaceous. Thorax heart-shaped, in front broad from
angle to angle, thence gradually rounded and narrowed towards
the base, where it becomes much contracted, posterior angles
small and acutely elevated, the extremities of the base being
sloped towards them, disk convex, with an impressed central
furrow, the surface on each side faintly reticulated and very
minutely wrinkled throughout, the entire base depressed and
somewhat rugose. Elytra elongate, sides parallel, apex obtuse,
disk rather depressed, finely but distinctly striated, the striae
entire and very obscurely punctured, the third interstice with
four deeper impressions, yellowish testaceous at the base and on
the margins, with an obscure metallic fuscous cloud behind ex-
tending more or less upwards ; underside brassy black, legs pale
testaceous. Length 1J line.
This species is recognized by its elongate and parallel form,
its short moniliform antennae and prominent mandibles. It is a
local species, but occurs in great profusion near Liverpool and
on the sands by the Chesil beach in the Isle of Portland when
the tide is out. It is likewise found on the shores of the Firth
of Forth sparingly, and in abundance on the shores of the Clyde
at Kilpatrick, as well as on the eastern coast of Ireland.
(TACHYS, Ziegler.)
2. B. scutellare : capite thoraceque brunneo-nigris, hoc subqua-
drato, postice subangustato, angulis posticis obtusiusculis ;
elytris oblongis, subparallelis, obsolete striatis, striis externis
176 CARABID^E. — BEMBIDIUM.
deletis, testaceo-lividis macula suturali communi fusca ;
antennis basi pedibusque testaceis.
Trechus scutellaris, Germ. Archiv, 2. f. 1. 11 (1829).
Tachys scutellaris, Steph. Mand. 2. 5 (1829), et Manual, p. 52.
Bembidium scutellare, Dej. Spec. 5. 39 ; Icon. 4. 324. pi. 207.
— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 209.
Head and thorax black or brownish black, antennae pitchy with
the base testaceous. Thorax subquadrate, sides a little rounded
below the anterior angles,, narrowed behind the middle and
obliquely sloped towards the posterior angles which are obtuse
but rather elevated, disk convex, smooth and shining, the dorsal
furrow terminating in front in a triangular impressed space, the
base depressed and with a fovea near each angle. Elytra rather
straight in front, with the humeral angles obtuse but not narrowed,
sides almost parallel, disk depressed, livid testaceous, writh the
scutellum and a triangular patch at the base of the suture fuscous,
the rest of the surface being sometimes more or less clouded,
generally with the lateral margins and a patch behind (in rarer
examples entirely) fuscous, the disk is likewise rudimentally
striated and very obsoletely punctulated on some of the half-
effaced fragments of striae near the suture, three of which are
frequently more evident, each elytron has also an impression
about the middle ; legs testaceous, femora dusky. Length
1£ line.
Abundant in the salt marshes at Lymington and at Christ-
church, Hants.
3. B. bistriatum : piceum, inter dum flavescens ; thorace subqua-
drato,postice subangustato, angulis posticis subrectis; elytris
oblong o-ovatis, dorso bistriatis, interstitio quarto puncto
impressis ; antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis.
Elaphrus bistriatus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 205.
Bembidium bistriatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 152. pi. 160. — Dej.
Spec. 5. 42 ; Icon. 4. 327. pi. 207.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 123.
— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 205.
Cillenum minimum, Curtis, Ent. 200. note.
Tachys minutissimus, Steph. Mand. 2. 7, et Manual, p. 53.
T. maritimus, Steph. Manual, p. 52.
Pitchy brown, sometimes paler. Head with the usual stria?
between the eyes, which are black, mouth, base of the palpi and
of the antennae testaceous. Thorax subquadrate, narrower than
the elytra, somewhat obliquely contracted towards the hinder
angles, which are elevated but a little obtuse, base with two foveae.
Elytra oblong-ovate, disk with two distinct striae next the suture,
CARABID.E. — BEMBIDIUM. 177
which are a little waved as they approach the extremity and
exterior to these with the vestiges of other abbreviated or broken
striae, the fourth of which has an impression in front, the sides
and apex smooth ; legs testaceous. Length f line.
Scarce, but found occasionally on the coast of South Wales ;
at Hyde, and on a broken sandy undercliif between Luccombe
and Shanklin, Isle of Wight.
4. B. obtusum : capite thoraceque nigro-piceis, hoc transverso,
lateribus rotundato, angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris ob-
longo-ovatis, obscure viridi-cyaneis, punctato-striatis, striis
externis obsoletis ; antennarum basi tibiis tarsisque testaceis,
femoribus brunneis.
Sturm, D. F. 6. 165. pi. 161.— Dej. Spec. 5. 177 ; Icoii. 4. 443.
pi. 222.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 136.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent.
10. 182.
Tachys obtusus, Steph. Mand. 2. 6, et Manual, p. 52.
T. immunis, pusillus et gracilis, Steph. Mand. 2. 6, et Manual,
p. 52.
Head and thorax pitchy black, sometimes obscurely brassy,
base of the antennae testaceous. Thorax transverse, broad, sides
dilated and rounded, scarcely narrowed behind, but with the base
almost as wide as the anterior margin, posterior angles obtuse
but elevated, disk convex, very smooth and shining, dorsal furrow
slender, base narrowly depressed and furnished with two deep
foveae close to the hinder margin. Elytra oblong-ovate, broader
than the thorax, convex, punctate- striated, one or two striae
nearest the suture carried to the apex, the others abbreviated
before the apex, which exterior to these is smooth, the lateral
striae likewise very obsolete, the third interstice has two impres-
sions, the surface is entirely pitchy black, sometimes with an
obscure greenish or bluish tinge and not unfrequently more or
less pitchy rust-colour, perhaps the result of a less degree of
maturity ; legs red with the femora generally pitchy. Length
Tachys immunis, pusillus and gracilis, Steph., belong to this
species ; the latter is a smaller example. It is generally distributed.
(OcYS, Kirby.) ,
5. B. 5-striatum : capite thoraceque nigro-piceis, hoc transverso,
angulis posticis obtusis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, obscure
viridi-cyaneis, punctato-striatis, striis externis obsoletis ;
antennis pedibusque testaceis.
178 CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM.
Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 34 (1810) et 4. 413.— Erichson, Kafer, 131.
—Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 185.
Elaphrus pumilio, Dufts. Faun. 2. 214 (1812).
Bembidium pumilio, Sturm, D. F. 6. 148. pi. 159. — Dej. Spec.
5. 48; Icon. 4. 330. pi. 208.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 124.
Ocys currens, Steph. Mand. 2. 10, et Manual, p. 53.
Head and thorax pitchy black, obscurely bronzed, the former
channeled on each side ; antennae and palpi reddish testaceous,
penultimate joint of the latter dusky. Thorax transverse, sides
rounded, lateral margins elevated, especially behind, posterior
angles not quite rectangular but a little obtuse, dorsal furrow
entire, base narrowly depressed, with two large foveae. Elytra
oblong-ovate, rounded at the shoulders, widest behind the middle,
disk punctate-striated, the two striae nearest the suture entire,
then three more abbreviated, the rest rudimentary or nearly
obliterated, apex and sides smooth, the third interstice with an
impression behind, the entire surface pitchy black, sometimes
rusty, with an obscure greenish or cyaneous reflection; under-
side ferruginous, legs reddish testaceous. Length 2 lines.
Not common : found chiefly in sandy localities ; Isle of Wight ;
Hastings ; Ockham Park near Bipley ; Battersea fields ; midland
and eastern counties ; Maplethorpe, Lincolnshire ; Castle Eden
Dene ; near Edinburgh, Fife and Dollar, &c. ; rarely in Ireland.
6. B. rufescens : ferrugineum ; thorace transverse lateribus late
marginato, angulis posticis acutis ; elytris ovatis, subcyaneo-
micantibus, punctato-striatis, striis externis obsoletis ; an-
tennis pedibusque testaceis.
Tachis rufescens, Gue'rin, Note Topog. 123 (1823).
Bembidium rufescens, Dej. Spec. 5. 47 ; Icon. 4. 329. pi. 208. —
Heer, Faun. Helv. 123.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 187.
Ocys melanocephalus, Steph. Mand. 2. 10, et Manual, p. 53.
O. tempestivus, Steph. Mand. 2. 11, et Manual, p. 54.
Rusty red. Head often more or less pitchy, with a rough
channel on each side ; palpi and antennae testaceous. Thorax
short, transverse, about as wide behind as in front, sides rounded
and widest about the middle and broadly margined, hinder angles
acute, the dorsal line strongly marked, the anterior impression
which meets it fine, the posterior one forming a depression which
carries a few minute punctures between the two large basal foveae.
Elytra ovate, rather clouded and with an iridescent tinge,
punctate-striated, the three punctured striae nearest the suture
deepest, the sides and apex smooth, the third interstice with an
impression, the eighth with a raised fold and a depression by the
CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM. 179
side of it at the extremity ; underside and the legs pale. Length
2$ lines.
Local, but widely distributed and frequently abundant ; rare
in Ireland.
(PHILOCTHUS, Stephens.)
7. B. biguttatum : nigro-subaneum ; thorace transverso, lateri-
bus rotundato, basi pone angulos emarginato, angulis
posticis subrotundatis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, disco fortiter
punctato-striatis, macula apicali antennarum basi pedibus-
que rufo-testaceis.
Carabus biffuttatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 205 (1787).— Fab. S. El. 1.
208.
Bembidium biguttatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 28. — Dej. Spec. 5.
180 ; Icon. 4. 446. pi. 222.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 137.— Jacq.-
Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 174.
Philocthus biffuttatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 8, et Manual, p. 53.
P.fuscipes, Steph. Mand. 2. 8, et Manual, p. 53.
Var. /3. viridi-seneum, elytrorum macula apicali antennarum basi
pedibusque testaceis.
Bembidium biguttatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 162. pi. 161. — Erichson,
Kafer, 131.
B. vulneratum, Dej. Spec. 5. 182 ; Icon. 4. 448. pi. 222.
Philocthus subfenestratus, Steph. Mand. 2. 8, et Manual, p. 53.
Above brassy black, sometimes greenish black, shining;
antenna pitchy black, with the base testaceous. Thorax trans-
verse, rounded at the sides, not strictly speaking narrowed be-
hind, but so rounded as to give it in a great measure that
appearance, the posterior margin distinctly emarginate behind
the angles which are somewhat rounded (PL II. f. 7), disk
moderately convex, the dorsal furrow intersected by numerous
fine transverse wrinkles and terminated before and behind in
distinct impressions, the anterior one minutely strigose, the
posterior one more distinct and somewhat rugose, the base also
with an oblique deeply impressed fovea on each side. Elytra
oblong-ovate, deeply striated near the suture, less deeply on the
sides, all the strise punctured, but the apex smooth, and with a
round testaceous red spot near the outer margin more or less
distinct; underside black, legs reddish testaceous. Length
2 lines.
This species may be distinguished from both teneum and
guttula, by the more rotundate hinder part of the thorax, though
some examples scarcely exceed the latter in size. It varies also
in depth of colour ; some examples have a more decided greenish
tinge, and purplish varieties occasionally occur.
It is generally distributed and abundant.
N 2
180 CARABID2E. — BEMBIDIUM.
8. B. eeneum : nigro-aneum ; thorace breviore, transverse, basi
pone angulos emarginato, angulis posticis obtusiusculis ;
elytris oblongo-ovatis, subtiliter punctato-striatis ; antennis
pedibusque nigro-brunneis, femoribus obscure amis.
Germ. Spec. Nov. 1. 28 (1824). — Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10.
176.
Philocthus aneus, Steph. Mand. 2. 7 (1829), et Manual, p. 53.
Bembidium biguttatum, var. A., Dej. Spec. 5. 180.
B. marinum, Schiodte, Dan. El. p. 333.
This insect is of an obscure bronze colour and rather smaller
than biguttatum. Head narrower and more convex, the frontal
furrows less deeply impressed and the longitudinal space between
them broader, smooth and shining, palpi and antennae obscurely
black, the basal joint of the latter sometimes pitchy, all the joints
more robust than in biguttatum. Thorax decidedly shorter and
more transverse, the lateral margins more reflexed and elevated
at the posterior angles, which are consequently more evident, the
base being emarginate below them, the dorsal furrow fine and
met in front by a distinct depression, the disk being also faintly
wrinkled, but not rugose at the base, which has on each side a
narrow deep oblique fovea. Elytra oblong-ovate, not wide in
front, as in the allied species, but somewhat narrowed at the
angles which are more rounded off, the sides being likewise more
rounded, the disk more finely punctate-striated and the punctured
striae less effaced towards the apex ; the underside of the body
and legs bronzed black. In some examples which I possess,
possibly offering less degrees of maturity, the elytra are brownish
black and there are indistinct traces of a pale spot behind, with
the apex also slightly rusty, as well as the legs and basal joint of
the antennas, but these examples have still the same short thorax
and finely punctate striae of the elytra which distinguish the
species.
This insect is found upon the coast ; very abundantly in the
north of England ; on the shores of the H umber ; and near Brid-
port, Dorset, &c. Also in Ireland.
9. B. guttula : nigro-subcmeum ; thorace brevi transverso, angulis
posticis obtusis; elytris oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis,
macula apicali antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus guttula, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 166.— Fab. S. El. 1. 208.
Bembidium guttula, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 27. — Dej. Spec. 5. 178 ;
Icon. 4. 444. pi. 222.— Jacq.-Duv. Ami. Soc. Ent. 10. 179.
Philocthus guttula, Steph. Mand. 2. 9, et Manual, p. 53.
CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM. 181
Tachys binotatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 5, et Manual, p. 52.
T. vittatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 5, et Manual, p. 52.
Var. /3. 5Wj9r<i niffro-piceum, thorace lateribus rotundato, elytris
immaculatis.
Philocthus hcemorrhous, Steph. Mand. 2. 9, et Manual, p. 53.
Bronzed black, antennae dusky, with some of the joints at the
base rusty red. Thorax transverse, short, with the sides less
rounded, and wider behind than in biguttatum, the base sub-
emarginate behind the angles, which are obtuse and more evident
(PL II. f. 8), the dorsal furrow slight, the transverse impressions
distinctly marked, the basal fovese large and deep. Elytra ob-
long-ovate, strongly punctate-striated on the disk, sides and apex
smooth, the third interstice with the usual impressions, the
exterior margin with a round testaceous spot before the apex;
underside black, legs reddish testaceous. Length 1^ line.
Tachys binotatus and vittatus, Steph., are perfectly identical
with this species, of which Philocthus htemorrhous, Steph., is a
permanent variety.
Very common.
(PERYPHUS, Megerle.}
10. B. femoratum : nigro-aneum, subvirescens ; thorace subcor-
dato, basi obsolete punctulato, utrinque foveolato ; elytris
oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis} striis externis obsoletis,
maculis duabus magnis antennarum basi pedibusque testaceiSj
femoribus obscuris.
Sturm, D. F. 6. 117.pl. 155.— Dej. Spec. 5. 116; Icon. 4. 383.
pi. 214.— Erichson, Kafer, 130.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 129.—
Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 131.
Peryphus femoratus, Steph. Mand. 2. 12, et Manual, p. 54.
P. maritimus, Steph. Mand. 5. 385, et Manual, p. 54.
Head and thorax brassy brown, or brassy black, more rarely
with a greenish tinge ; palpi and antennse obscure, two joints
at the base of the latter testaceous red. Thorax subcordate, sides
moderately rounded below the anterior angles, more narrowed
behind than in either of the two following species, posterior angles
nearly rectangular, disk convex, very glossy, having a slender
dorsal furrow much wrinkled transversely and met by the usual
impression in front which is finely marked, the base however with
a considerable depression and faintly rugose or occasionally sub-
punctate between the basal fovese which are deeply impressed.
Elytra oblong-ovate, with the sides very slightly curved, so as
to appear at first view somewhat parallel, moderately but distinctly
punctate- striated on the disk, more slightly so on the sides, the
182 CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM.
seventh stria being very indistinct, more frequently quite obsolete
and the apex entirely smooth, the colour is obscure brassy black
or brassy brown, with an oblong testaceous patch on each shoulder
and a smaller roundish or oblique one (sometimes connected there-
with externally) before the apex ; legs testaceous, femora pitchy
at their base. Length 2^ lines.
This species is distinguishable from the three following by its
narrower, more elongate and more convex form. The thorax
especially is narrower, less dilated at the sides before the middle,
which gives it that narrower appearance ; the colour also is usually
brassy black, whereas in concinnum and littorale the brassy green
predominates, which is only seen in occasional examples of femo-
ratum so distinctly. The elytra are more elongate and the sides
more parallel, partaking less of the ovate form than in the next
species, being also more finely punctate- striated and having the
testaceous spots larger and clearer.
P. maritimus of the Stephensian collection is represented by
examples of this species mixed up with others of littorale. I have
examined the single example of P. maritimus in the late
Mr. Rudd's collection (now in the Museum of the York Philo-
sophical Institution), and find that it is a somewhat aberrant
individual of the present species with the thorax rather greener ;
I therefore give maritimus as synonymous with B. femoratum.
All the examples in the Stephensian cabinet which stand under
the name P. concinnus are likewise perfectly identical with this
insect ; but the descriptions given by the late Mr. Stephens of
P. concinnus, Kirby, as well as the examples standing under that
name in the Kirbian collection, correspond with the insect recorded
in this work as B. concinnum.
Commonly distributed.
11. B. Bruxellense : viridi-ceneum ; thorace brevi subcordato,
basi distincte punctulato ; elytris oblong o-ovatis, fortiter
punctato-striatiSj striis externis obsoletis, maculis duabus
magnis antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testaceis, femori-
bus obscuris.
Wesmael, Bull. Acad. p. 47 (1835).— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent.
10. 130.
B. femoratum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 406.
B. obscurum, Redt. Faun. Aust. 111.
Rather larger and considerably darker than the preceding
species. Head broader, more coarsely foveated ; antennae brownish
black, the basal joint alone entirely and merely the base of some
of the following joints red. Thorax usually greener bronze,
CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM. 183
evidently broader, less convex, posterior angles more acute, the
dorsal furrow and transverse impressions more strongly marked,
and the depression of the base running into the basal fovese,
which are much larger, the space between them being not merely
subpunctate, but. impressed with a distinct punctuation. Elytra
broader, the sides less parallel, the punctured striae more strongly
impressed, the testaceous red spots being also smaller and more
obscure; legs red, femora dusky. Length 2^ lines.
Not uncommon at Whittlesea Mere ; it had also been taken
by Mr. Curtis many years ago, and stands in his cabinet under
the MS. name palustris. Mr. Haliday includes this insect among
the species captured by him in Ireland; and it is stated by
Mr. Murray to be not rare in Scotland.
12. B. concinimm : viridi-aneum ; thorace brevi subcordato,
basi obscure rugoso ; elytris oblongis, subparallelis, fortiter
punctato-striatiSj striis externis obsoletis, pallide testaceis,
macula suturali lata in medio dilatata fusco-senea; an-
tennis palpis pedibusque pallide testaceis.
Peryphus concinnus (Kirby), Steph. Mand. 2. 12 et 5. 385, et
Manual, p. 54.
Bembidium concinnum, Putz. Stett. Ent. p. 138. — Jacq.-Duv.
Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 139.
This insect is broader and more depressed than either of the
two preceding and more parallel than Bruxellense. Head and
thorax distinctly green, somewhat brassy; palpi and antennae
entirely pale testaceous. Thorax shorter, wider and less convex
than in femoratum, the disk very much wrinkled transversely,
the base somewhat rugose and subpunctate, the posterior angles
slightly acute. Elytra (PL II. f. 13) oblong, sides rather
parallel, disk deeply punctate-striated, the punctures very evident,
the margins and apex smooth, pale testaceous, with a broad
brassy brown longitudinal stripe down the suture, extending about
as far as the outside of the third interstice in width, expanding
about the middle but not reaching so far as the outer margin, then
contracting again as it approaches the apex, assuming altogether
somewhat the appearance of a cross placed in the centre, but
leaving the outer margins of the wing-cases always entirely pale
testaceous ; legs likewise pale testaceous. Length 2 J lines.
The individuals placed under this name in the Kirbian collec-
tion perfectly correspond with the species here described, with
which also Stephens' s descriptions correspond, though the sup-
posed examples in his cabinet must be referred to femoratum.
184 CARABIDJ5. BEMBIDIUM.
This species is found in salt marshes and estuaries, and on
the banks of tidal rivers, as well as on the sea-shore, often in
great abundance, and is widely distributed. Banks of the Der-
went, Tyne and Tees; Barmouth; shores of the Thames at
Richmond, &c. ; estuary of the Shannon at Limerick.
13. B. littorale : capite thoraceque viridi-aneis ; thorace sub-
cordato postice punctulato ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, dorso
profunde punctato-str,iatis, nigro-aneis, maculis duabus
magnis antennarum basi palpis pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus littoralis, Oliv. Ent. 3. 1 1 0 ( 1 795) .— Marsham, Ent.452.
Peryphus littoralis, Steph. Mand. 2. 13, et Manual, p. 54.
B. rupestre, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 19, et 4. App. 405.— Dej.
Spec. 5. Ill ; Icon. 4. 377.pl. 213.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 129.
B. Andrece, Erichson, Kafer, 129.
B. ustulatum, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 143.
Peryphus tetraspilotus, Steph. Mand. 5. 385.
P. elegans, Steph. Mand. 5. 386, et Manual, p. 54.
Head and thorax brassy green ; antennae with three joints at
the base testaceous, the remainder dusky, palpi testaceous with
the penultimate joint occasionally somewhat pitchy. Thorax
rounded at the sides almost to the base, then suddenly narrowed,
but straight just before the angle so as to form with the base a
right angle, moderately convex, dorsal furrow much wrinkled
transversely, the base depressed and very distinctly punctured,
the punctures extending a little way up the dorsal furrow, and
with two large foveas also punctured. Elytra oblong-ovate, ob-
scure bronze with two large testaceous red patches on each, one
upon the shoulder oblong and extending backwards nearly to
the middle of the elytra, the other nearer the apex placed
obliquely, the punctured striae deeply impressed, but disappearing
before the apex, the lateral ones less evident, the third interstice
with the usual deep impressions ; legs pale testaceous. Length
2£ lines.
P. tetraspilotus, Steph., belongs to this species ; and P. elegans,
Steph., appears to be a variety with pitchy black femora.
Very common.
14. B. fluviatile : viridi-aneum, convexum ; thorace oblongo-
cordato, postice angustato; elytris elongato-ovatis,/or^Ver
punctato-striatis, nigro-aneis, maculis duabus magnis an-
tennarum basi pedibusque testaceis. (PI. III. f. B.)
Dej. Spec. 5. 113 ; Icon. 4. 379. pi. 213.— Heer, Faun. Helv.
p. 129.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 142.
This species is more elongate and convex than littorale. Head
CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM. 185
narrower, antennae longer, smoother at the base, the penultimate
joint of the palpi pitchy. Thorax very convex, narrow, oblong-
cordate, contracted behind, the dorsal furrow finer, the transverse
impression in front only slightly strigose, the basal fovese smaller
and the space between them more delicately punctured. Elytra
more elongate and convex, the punctured strise more distinct on
the sides, the exterior one being very evident, but the punctures
disappear from all the striae sooner as they approach the apex
which is quite smooth, the testaceous spots are similar and the
legs are also pale. Length 3 lines.
This insect is for the first time introduced into the British
fauna from a fine series of specimens received from Mr. Hadfield,
of Newark, who captured them on the banks of the Trent at
Kelham.
15. B. lunatum : viridi-ceneum ; thorace brevi subcordato, basi
punctulato ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, profunde punctato-stri-
atiSj macula communi postica semilunata antennarum basi
palpis pedibusque testaceis.
Elaphrus lunatus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 211.
Bembidium lunatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 119.— Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4.
App. 405.— Dej. Spec. 5. 108; Icon. 4. 375. pi. 213.—
Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 148.
Peryphus lunatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 13.
P. ustus, Steph. Mand. 2. 14, et Manual, p. 54.
This species is considerably broader than littorale. Thorax
wider and less convex, the sides more dilated and rounded, the
base broader and less strongly punctured and the basal fovese
less rugged. Elytra about twice the width of the thorax at the
base, depressed, profoundly punctate- striated, but the apex
smooth, obscure greenish bronze, with a large obliquely-formed
or semilunate testaceous spot common to both before the apex ;
legs also pale testaceous. Length 3 lines.
P. ustus, Steph., is a mature example of this species. The
true C. ustus of Schonherr has not been taken in Britain.
Abundant on the banks of the Irthing and other places in the
north of England; on the shores of the Humber; in Norfolk, &c.
16. B. saxatile: obscure viridi-ceneum; thorace subcordato, postice
punctulato; elytris oblongis, subparallelis,/or/z/er punctato-
striatis, striis omnino integris, maculis duabus magnis rufo-
testaceis ; antennis basi pedibusque rufis.
186 CARABID^!. BEMBIDIUM.
Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. App. 406.— Dej. Spec. 5. 119; Icon. 4. 385.
pi. 214.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 130.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent.
10. 125.
Peryphus saxatilis, Steph. Mand. 2. 12, et Manual, p. 54.
Above obscure greenish brass. Head and thorax sometimes a
little coppery ; base of the palpi and three joints at the base of
the antennae testaceous red, the remainder brownish black.
Thorax subcordate, rather short, moderately rounded at the sides
and narrowed behind, posterior angles right angles, the base
depressed, and together with the two deep basal fovese punctured,
the dorsal furrow strongly impressed. Elytra oblong, rather
narrowest in front, sides somewhat parallel, disk flatter than in
the preceding species, strongly punctate-striated, the three or
four strise nearest the suture as usual deeper than the rest, but
the exterior ones also distinct and all of them carried to the apex,
the third interstice with the usual evident impressions, two tes-
taceous spots on each elytron, the one at the shoulder extending
from the outer margin almost, if not quite, to the suture, the
posterior one round and always rather the palest and most con-
spicuous; legs reddish testaceous, with the femora sometimes
rather obscure. Length 2^ lines.
There is a permanent variety of this species, which I have
found in profusion in the Isle of Wight and elsewhere in the
south of England, presenting very constant characters. It is
more depressed, never narrower in front, the sides therefore
more parallel, and the colour is always much paler and the spots
larger, that before the apex round and very conspicuous, and the
anterior one occasionally expanding over the surface very con-
siderably; and it is to be remarked that this paler variety is found
only in the south, while the darker examples are confined to the
more northern and eastern districts : abundant on the banks of
the Tyne and Derwent, &c., as well as in Ireland and Scotland,
and occasionally near London : the pale variety all along our
southern coasts.
17. B. testaceum : capite thoraceque viridi-aneis ; thorace an-
gustiore, subcordato, angulis posticis rectis, aut paululum
acutis ; elytris oblongis, subparallelis, punctato-striatis,
rufo-testaceis, sutura distincte fasciaque sinuata postica
obsoletissime virescentibus; antennis basi pedibusque rufo-
testaceis.
Elaphrus testaceus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 214.
Bembidium testaceum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 139. pi. 157.
B. obsoletum, Dej. Spec. 5. 118; Icon. 4. 384. pi. 214. — Heer,
Faun. Helv. 130.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 111.
CARABIDJE. BEMBIDIUM. 187
B. tricolor, var. C., Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 121.
Peryphus neglectus, Dawson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 3. 214 (1849).
Head and thorax dark metallic green and shining, palpi testa-
ceous, with the penultimate joint slightly testaceous brown, the
antennae fuscous black, with the basal, second, third and basal
half of the fourth joints pale testaceous, all the joints except the
second rather long. Thorax subcordate, rather narrow, sides
rounded, posterior angles right angles, sometimes more acute
and prominent, disk convex, base depressed and punctured more
or less between the basal fovea?, which are also punctate within.
Elytra oblong, wide, twice as broad as the thorax at the base,
humeral angles a little rounded, but not narrowed, sides parallel,
disk deeply punctate-striated, the outer stria? obsolete and the
apex smooth, the third interstice with the usual impressions; the
whole surface suffused with reddish testaceous, except the suture
which is obscure brassy green and a very indistinct fascia of the
same colour behind, but under a powerful magnifying glass the
surface appears more or less cloudy rufous with an obscure
elongate testaceous patch at the shoulder extending downwards
till it almost reaches another nearer the extremity, which slopes
obliquely towards the suture and forms with the one on the other
elytron a semilunar band; legs testaceous red. Length 2| lines.
M. Jacquelin-Duval has united this insect with Carabus
tricolor, Fab., without any doubt. No typical example, however,
of that species has been found in Britain. Elaphrus testaceus,
Dufts., presents the true characters of our insect ; I have there-
fore retained the name.
It is found rarely in the north of England.
18. B. decorum: capite thoraceque viridi-aneis, hoc cordato,
postice angustato, basi obsolete punctulato; elytris elongatis,
subparallelis, punctato-striatis, viridi-cyaneis ; antennis
basi pedibusque rufis.
Carabus decorus, Panz. Faun. 73 (1789-1810).
Elaphrus decorus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 207 (1812).
Bembidium decorum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 122. — Dej. Spec. 5. 135 ;
Icon. 4. 401. pi. 216. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 132. — Jacq.-Duv
Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 568.
Peryphus viridi-ceneus, Steph. Mand. 2. 15, et Manual, p. 55.
P. albipes, Steph. Mand. 5. 386, et Manual, p. 55.
This species is more elongate than any of the other green
species which follow it, and also flatter. Head and thorax brassy
green, the former has the usual oblong impressions on each side
rather rugged, and is distinctly punctured behind the eyes ; the
188 CARABIDJS. — BEMBIDIUM.
bases of the palpi and antennae testaceous, the rest fuscous black.
Thorax cordate, moderately rounded at the sides in front, nar-
rowed behind, but straight immediately before the angles, which
are right angles and slightly prominent, the disk very much
but very finely wrinkled, the dorsal furrow strongly impressed,
the anterior transverse impression faintly strigose, the basal
fovese slightly punctate, and the space between them obsoletely
so. Elytra elongate, shoulders very little rounded, sides rather
parallel, the disk depressed, brassy green with a bluish reflection,
inclining more or less to reddish, strongly but not coarsely
punctate-striated, the punctured striae quite ceasing before the
extremity and obsolete on the sides, the third interstice with
two impressions as usual; the body beneath black, legs red.
Length 2f lines.
Peryphus viridi-aneus, Steph., is represented by examples of
this species, and P. albipes, Steph., is an immature individual of
the same : the true B. albipes, Sturm, has never been found in
Britain. P. agilis, Spence, though represented in the Stephens-
ian cabinet by specimens of decorum, is identical with B. monti-
culum as proved by the examples in the collection of the Ento-
mological Society, as well as in that of Mr. Curtis.
This species is very abundant on the gravelly beaches of rivers
in Wales and in the north of England, Scotland and Ireland, as
well as in the London district.
19. B. Stomoides : viridi-aneum, valde convexum ; thorace
oblongo cordato, postice fortiter coarctato punctatoque ;
elytris oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis, striis postice eva-
nescentibus, octava apice profunde impressa; antennis
pedibusque testaceis. (PL III. f. A.)
Dej. Spec. 5. 146; Icon. 4. 413. pi. 218.— Eedt. Faun. Aust. 108.
B. albipes, Heer, Faun. Helv. 133.
B. rujlpes, var. A., Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 553.
Above brassy green. Head with two rugose furrows, punc-
tured within, antennae and palpi entirely testaceous red, the
upper joints of the former duller and darker rust-colour. Thorax
oblong, heart-shaped, sides much and regularly rounded in
front, considerably contracted behind, posterior angles right
angles, very convex, the dorsal furrow much wrinkled trans-
versely, terminated before and behind in a deeper impression,
the base considerably depressed and strongly punctured between
the two very deep punctured foveae, which are placed close
within the angles. Elytra oblong-ovate, shoulders very much
. — BEMBIDIUM. 189
rounded, sides also rounded and rather widest behind the middle,
disk very convex, deeply punctate-striated, the punctured striae
becoming fainter as they approach the extremity, the apex being
quite smooth, but the outer strise not effaced till behind the
middle, and the eighth is continued nearly to the tip, before
which it assumes the form of a deeply impressed groove, the
third interstice has two impressions close to the third stria ; in
some examples there is an obscure blood-red spot on the wing-
cases near the suture behind ; underside greenish bronze, apex
of the abdomen sometimes testaceous ; legs testaceous. Length
21 lines.
M. Jacquelin-Duval considers this insect an extreme variety
of Elaphrus rufipes, 111., of which species no typical example has
occurred in Britain, if indeed the latter be distinct from B. rufi-
pes, GylL, Dej. It is readily distinguished by its very convex
form and its similarity to the insect from which its specific name
is derived (Stomis pumicatus) ; it is now introduced for the first
time into the British fauna, having been discovered by Mr. Bold,
of Newcastle, on a sandy bank of the river between Lanercost
Abbey and Naworth Castle, Cumberland, in the month of June
1848, but it is apparently very scarce.
20. B. monticulum : viridi-ceneum ; thorace cordato, postice vix
punctulato ; elytris oblong o-ovatis, convexiusculis, punc-
tato-striatiSj striis externis obsoletis, viridi-cyaneis ; antennis
basi pedibusque testaceis.
Sturm, D.F. 6. 135. pi. 158. — Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9.565.
Peryphus monticulus, Steph. Mand. 5. 386, et Manual, p. 55.
P. affilis, (Spence) Steph. Mand. 2. 15, et Manual, p. 55.
Bembidium fuscicorne, Dej. Spec. 5. 139; Icon. 4. 406.pl. 217.
— Heer, Faun. Helv. 132.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 765.
Brassy green, palpi and antennae brownish, with the base
testaceous. Thorax rather small, cordate, sides very little
rounded before the middle, narrowed behind, posterior angles
rather acute, base depressed, sometimes finely strigose between
the two fovese, but not distinctly punctured and sometimes
indeed nearly smooth, the dorsal furrow well impressed, the
disk finely wrinkled and moderately convex. Elytra oblong-
ovate, much broader than the thorax, sides moderately and
regularly rounded, convex, deeply punctate-striated next the
suture, more finely so externally and the outside stria obsolete,
leaving the sides as well as the apex smooth, the colour is
greenish black with a cyaneous reflection; the underside bronzed
black ; the legs pale testaceous. Length 21 lines.
190 CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM.
This species is more local and less abundant than many of its
allies, and from its habit of remaining concealed in crevices of
banks and old stumps, apt to be overlooked. It is found in the
north of England and in Scotland. " Banks of the Tyne and in
the gravel of a rivulet in a dene above Winlaton Mill." Messrs.
Hardy and Bold. It is also found in willow stumps near Burton-
on -Trent ; and in July 1852 I captured a fine series by the side
of the Dee, at Llangollen, by digging them out of a clayey
bank.
21. B. nitidulum : viride, subceneum, nitidum; thorace. brevi,
subcordato, angulis posticis rectis; elytris oblongo-ovatis,
fortiter punctato-striatis ; antennis basi pedibusque testa-
ceis, femoribus basi nigro-piceis.
Carabus nitidulus, Marsham, Ent. 454.
Peryphus nitidulus, Steph. Mand. 2. 14, et Manual, p. 55.
Bembidium nitidulum, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 559.
B. rufipes, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 18.— Dej. Spec. 5. 141; Icon. 4.
408. pl.217.— Erichson, Kafer, 130.— Redt. Faun. Aust. 107.
Above shining metallic green, sometimes bluish. Head (PL II.
f. 15) short and triangular, narrowed in front so as to render
the eyes rather prominent ; base of the palpi and two or three
joints at the base of the antennae testaceous, the remainder,
together with the penultimate joint of the palpi, pitchy brown.
Thorax short, subcordate, much broader than in monticulum,
sides moderately rounded in front and a little narrowed behind, but
rather abruptly so, posterior angles right angles, the dorsal furrow
transversely wrinkled and terminating before in an evident im-
pression strongly marked, the base much depressed and rather
coarsely punctured, the basal fovese large and deep. Elytra
oblong-ovate, convex, deeply punctate-striated, the striae entire
on the sides (but the punctuation finer) and carried nearly if not
quite to the apex, before which however the punctures disappear,
the third interstice with two impressions; underside brassy
black, the apex of the elytra sometimes rusty red, legs testaceous,
with the thighs more or less pitchy black at the base, sometimes
wholly testaceous. Length 2^ lines.
Extremely abundant and generally distributed.
22. B. affine : viride, sub&neum ; capite oblongo, oculis haud
prominulis ; thorace subcordato, angulis posticis promi-
nulis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, levius punctato-striatis, ante
apicem rufescentibus ; antennis basi pedibusque totis rufo-
testaceis.
. BEMBIDIUM. 191
Peryphus affinis, (Rudd) Steph. Mand. 5. 386.
P. rufipes, Steph. Manual, p. 55.
Bembidium nitidulum, var. C., Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9.560
Above green, very slightly brassy, shining, considerably larger
than nitidulum. Head more oblong and flatter, broader in front,
so that the eyes do not appear at all prominent (PI. II. f. 14),
palpi and three joints at the base of the antennae testaceous, the
rest of the antennae brownish and all the joints longer than in
nitidulum. Thorax sensibly less short, the sides less dilated in
front and less abruptly narrowed behind, the base very slightly
or altogether obsoletely punctulated. Elytra broad, more rounded
on the sides, strongly striated on the disk, but the punctuation
finer and entirely effaced at the extremity, at some distance from
which there is frequently an obscure red blotch common to both
wing-cases and extending quite across them ; legs entirely testa-
ceous red. Length 2J lines.
M. Jacquelin-Duval has considered this insect a variety of the
preceding, but as I have never been able to unite them satisfac-
torily by intermediate links, I have retained it under the name
affine, to which it is fully entitled, because the name rufipes, 111.,
is applicable to a different species, whilst rufipes, Gyll., is identical
with nitidulum. The examples of Peryphus qffinis in the late
Mr. Rudd's collection which I have examined, perfectly accord
with the present species. They were captured by him near
Marton, Yorkshire ; and the insect is widely distributed though
somewhat local, in gravel-pits near London, Woking, Isle of
Wight, Northampton, North Wales, &c.
23. B. tibiale : obscure viridi-aneum, subcyaneum ; thorace sub-
quadrato, postice subangustato, angulis posticis rectis ;
elytris oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis ; antennarum basi
tibiis tarsisque testaceis.
Elaphrus tibialis, Dufts. Faun. 2. 209.
Bembidium tibiale, Sturm, D. F. 6. 127. pi. 156.— Dej. Spec.
5. 134 ; Icon. 4. 399. pi. 216.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 131.
Peryphus tibialis, Steph. Mand. 2. 15 et 5. 387, et Manual,
p. 56.
P. cnemerythrus, Steph. Manual, p. 55.
Bembidium fasciolatum, var. C., Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10.
109.
Var. j3. minus ; supra obscure cyaneum, striis levius punctatis.
Peryphus atrocceruleus, Steph. Mand. 2. 17, et Manual, p. 56.
Obscure brassy green, with a bluish tinge, sometimes on the
thorax only, sometimes very sparingly diffused over the elytra
192 CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM.
also, but the latter are usually dull brassy green, or obscurely
bronzed. Head with a deep rough oblong fovea on each side,
and a transverse impression and ridge in front, palpi obscure
pitchy, antennse fuscous black, with the basal joint alone red.
Thorax somewhat quadrate, sides very little rounded from below
the anterior angles to behind the middle, then straight, and
forming, with the base, a right angle, which is very slightly
elevated, the disk rather depressed, having a deep central furrow
terminating in front in a small transverse impression, the base
very much depressed and furnished with a very large fovea close
to each angle, and extending more than half-way to the dorsal
furrow, the space between the two being finely strigose longitu-
dinally. Elytra oblong-ovate, broad, rather depressed, moderately
striated, stria? distinctly punctured, interstices flat, the third
stria with two deeper impressions, one about the middle, the
other nearer the apex ; underside bronzed, femora pitchy black,
tibiae and tarsi testaceous. Length 2f lines.
The variety Peryphus atroc&ruleus, Steph., is smaller and
usually blue-black ; its thorax is rather more narrowed behind,
its elytra are less dilated and the stria? more slender and the punc-
tuation finer ; but none of these variations are to be relied upon
as constant, as they more or less blend into one another in a
long series of individuals. M. Jacquelin-Duval, to whom I
communicated some of my varieties, has connected atroc&ruleus,
the variety above mentioned, with cyanescens, Wesmael, and by
means of other links, with B. cteruleum, Dejean, and has, more-
over, united them all with Elaphrus fasciolatus, Dufts. (B.fascio-
latum, Sturm) as the type, but as that particular form has never
been found in Britain, I have retained the name tibiale for the
present species.
This insect is extremely abundant on the gravelly beaches of
rivers in mountainous districts, especially in the north of En-
gland and Wales, Scotland and Ireland.
24. B. prasinum : obscure viridi-aneum ; thorace brevi, subqua-
drato, angulis posticis prominulis ; elytris oblongis} di-
stincte striatis, striis integris impunctatis; antennarum
articulo primo plus minus rufo ; pedibus nigris.
Elaphrus prasinus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 201.
Bembidium prasinum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 146. — Dej. Spec. 5. 129 ;
Icon. 4. 394. pi. 215.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 104.
B. olivaceum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 408.
Peryphus olivaceus, Steph. Maud. 2. 16, et Manual, p. 56.
P. Leachii, (Spence) Steph. Mand. 2. 16, et Manual, p. 55.
CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM. 193
Above obscure greenish bronze, depressed. Head with a short
fovea on each side, terminated in front by a stria and transverse
ridge ; palpi and antennae black, the basal joint of the latter
sometimes entirely, at other times only underneath dull red.
Thorax very short and broad, very slightly narrowed behind, so
that the base is sensibly wider than in any of the preceding-
species, posterior angles prominent, the base and two wide
shallow fovese near the angles very much wrinkled so as to
present the appearance of being finely rugose, the disk on each
side the dorsal line being also finely strigose. Elytra -broad,
slightly widest behind, striated, the strise entire on the sides and
at the apex, the first and second, third and fourth and sometimes
the fifth and sixth united at their extremity, but the fifth often
more deeply impressed in the form of a curve carried round the
ends of the third and fourth and almost united with the first
and second, all the strife are wholly impunctate, with the inter-
stices flat, the third with two impressions; underside of the body
bronzed black, legs obscure black. Length 2| lines.
Immediately distinguishable from the preceding by its impunc-
tate strise and by the great width of the thorax. The insect
described by Stephens as Fellmanni probably belongs to this
species, as the description corresponds, but there are no examples
in the Stephensian cabinet to represent it. P. Leachii and
olivaceum also belong to this species, to which the name prasinum
must be assigned in right of priority.
It appears to be a rare species, but is found occasionally in
the north of England and in Scotland ; Castle Eden Dene and
the banks of the Derwent; Carlisle; Carfin; Loch Lomond. I have
captured it also on the banks of the Dee near Llangollen, North
Wales.
(NOTAPHUS, Megerle.)
25. B. flammulatum : capite thoraceque obscure viridi-seneis,
hoc subcordato, angulis posticis prominulis ; elytris fusco-
seneis testaceo-variegatis, fortiter punctato-striatis ; anten-
narum basi abdominis apice pedibusque piceo-testaceis.
Ocydromus flammulatus, Clairv. Ent. Helv. 2. 20 (1806).
Bembidium flammulatum, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 163.
E. undulatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 156. pi. 160. — Dej. Spec. 5. 63;
Icon. 4. 342. pi. 209.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 125.
Notaphus undulatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 17, et Manual, p. 56.
Head and thorax greenish or blackish brass, the former with
an impressed stria on each side ; antennae brownish black, with
194 CARABID^. — BEMBTDIUM.
the base more or less testaceous. Thorax subcordate, longer
and more quadrate than in ustulatum (PL II. f. 9), the sides
rounded and rather dilated about the middle, very gradually
narrowed behind till a. little before the angles, then straight, so
as to form with the posterior margin right angles, with the apex
a little prominent', the disk very much wrinkled, the dorsal
furrow strongly impressed and the anterior impression which
meets it well defined, base with a deep fovea on each side, the
space between which is depressed and very much striated longi-
tudinally. Elytra oblong-ovate, shoulders distinctly rounded,
much wider than the thorax, sides only slightly rounded, a little
narrowed at the apex, very strongly striated, especially near the
suture in front, the strise distinctly punctured till behind the
middle when the punctures disappear and the striaB become
smooth and less deep from thence to the extremity, between the
second and third striae are two deep impressions and a few
distinct punctures on the outer margin near the shoulders, the
colour is usually brassy brown, more or less dark, and there is
always a testaceous zigzag or wavy band extending transversely
from the outer margin to the suture at no great distance from
the apex, and a very obscure or obsolete one before the middle,
which, in immature examples, extends over the surface of the
anterior portion of the wing-cases; the apex of the abdomen
testaceous, legs pitchy testaceous, with a greenish metallic hue
on the upper side of the femora. Length 2£-2f lines.
Extremely abundant on the banks of rivers, in damp woods
and marshes throughout the kingdom.
26. B. ustulatum : obscure viridi-aneum ; thorace breviore,
anyulis posticis rectis vix prominulis ; elytris testaceo-
variegatis, subtiliter punctato-striatis ; antennis basi pedi-
busque piceo-testaceis.
Carabus ustulatus, Linn. F. S. 810. — Fab. Mant. 205.— Fab.
S. El. 1. 208.— Payk. Mon. 86.
Bembidium ustulatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 158. — Dej. Spec. 5. 64;
Icon. 4. 343. pi. 209.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 125.
Notaphus ustulatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 18, et Manual, p. 56.
N. nebulosus, Steph. Mand. 2. 18, et Manual, p. 56.
N. bifasciatus et obliquus, Steph. Mand. 2. 19.
Carabus varius, Oliv. Ent. 3. 110. pi. 14.
Bembidium varium, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 159.
Smaller than flammulatum, obscure brassy greenish or bluish
black. Head with a shallow impression on each side, antenna
rather slender, having two or three joints at the base testaceous.
CARABID^E. — BEMBIDIUM. 195
Thorax (PL II. f. 10) shorter, the width greater than the length,
the sides much less rounded below the anterior angles and but
slightly narrowed behind just before the base, the posterior
angles less prominent and smaller, the dorsal furrow very slender,
the basal fovea? smoother and the space between them smoother
also. Elytra shorter, the shoulders squarer and not narrowed,
having the angles only a little obtuse and prominent, sides
straighter, apex obtuse, disk finely striated, the striae punctured
to behind the middle, then smooth, having two deeper impres-
sions between the second and third striae, the interstices smoother
and flatter than in flammulatum ; the colour more obscure, with
usually two very indistinct reddish testaceous bands, commencing
at the outer margin and disappearing entirely before they reach
the suture, in frequent examples almost entirely obliterated or
interrupted by the darker striae, appearing as merely irregular
spots, whilst at the shoulders and at the apex there are occasion-
ally also pale spots of irregular shape ; in less frequent examples
the whole surface is more testaceous variegated with dusky
markings; underside black, with the apex of the abdomen
usually concolorous ; legs pitchy testaceous. Length 2£ lines.
In the Linnaean collection examples of this species (mixed up
with others of B. flammulatum) stand under the name Carabus
ustulatus, Linn. ; Notaphus nebulosus, bifasciatus and obliquus of
the Stephensian cabinet must likewise be referred to the same
species.
It is extremely abundant in marshy places and on muddy
deposits.
27. B. obliquum : obscure nigro-aeneum ; thorace subquadrato ;
elytris testaceo-variegatis, subtilitQr punctato-striatis ; an-
tennis pedibusque nigris. (PL II. f. E.)
Sturm, D. F. 6. 160. pi. 161.— Dej. Spec. 5. 68; Icon. 4.347,
pi. 210.— Erichson, Kafer, 126.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 125.—
Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 157.
B. ustulatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 29.
Considerably smaller than ustulatum ; above bronzed, or
obscure greenish black. Head small, smooth, depressed in front,
and with the usual oblong impression on each side behind the
eyes, antennae black, with the underside of the basal joint and
the base of the palpi rusty. Thorax subquadrate, short, sides
rounded in front below the angles, very little narrowed behind,
and with the base still rather wide, the lateral margins finely but
distinctly reflexed, the posterior angles right angles, disk finely
o2
196 CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM.
channeled and the base with a deep fovea on each side. Elytra
broader than the thorax, not at all narrowed in front, but with
the humeral angles only a little rounded and slightly prominent,
sides subparallel, or little rounded till beyond the middle, when
they slightly curve off towards the apex, finely punctate-striated,
the punctures vanishing before the apex, the third interstice
with the usual impressions, brownish black with two transverse
testaceous curved bands, more distinct externally next the outer
margin, disappearing towards the suture, near which are four
spots of the same colour placed somewhat quadrately, the hinder
pair more oblong in form, and sometimes these bands are
entirely wanting and a patch of testaceous spots next the suture
alone is visible, or it is otherwise varied, the apex of the wing-
cases is also very narrowly edged with testaceous ; underside of
the body and the legs black. Length 2 lines.
Apparently rare, or generally overlooked; the only indigenous
example which has come under my notice was captured by
Mr. Bold, at Gosforth.
28. B. rupestre : viridi-teneum ; thorace brevi, subquadrato,
angulis posticis rectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, testaceis
viridi-ceneo variegatis, fortiter punctato-striatis ; antennis
basi pedibusque piceo-ferrugineis.
Cicindela rupestris, Linn. S. N. 2. 658.
Elaphrus rupestris, Fab. Mant. 1. 188.— Fab. S. El. 1. 246.
Carabus ustulatus,-vsiY. $, Payk. Mon. 87.
C. varius ft Oliv. Ent. 3. 110. pi. 14.
Bembidium varium, var. A, Jacq.-Duv. Arm. Soc. Ent. 10. 160.
Notaphus fumigatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 20, et Manual, p. 56.
Bembidium fumigatum, Dej. Spec. 5. 72; Icon. 4. 348. pi. 210.
About the size of B. fumigatum. Head and thorax brownish
or greenish brass; base of the antennae testaceous. Thorax
shorter, subquadrate, very slightly narrowed behind, so that the
base appears much broader than in fumigatum (PI. II. f. 11).
Elytra shorter, less dilated on the sides, more convex, more
deeply punctate-striated, obscurely bronzed, and very much
variegated with testaceous, which latter colour assumes the form
of interrupted transverse bands, or the testaceous colour predo-
minates and is speckled and varied with bronze; underside
brassy black, legs red, femora sometimes dusky. Length 2 lines.
M. Jacquelin-Duval has united this insect with B. ustulatum
under the name varium, Oliv. ; Paykull in his Monograph like-
wise records it as a variety of that insect. It has long been a
matter of dispute as to what insect Cicindela rupestris of Linnreus
CARAB1D.E. BEMBIDIUM. 197
ought to be referred, that name having been successively applied
to B. femoratum, articulatum and littorale, but rejected on the
ground that Linna3us states the legs to be black. In the Linnsean
collection we find a mutilated individual of the species before us
(B. fumigatum, Dej.), and I have accordingly ventured to restore
the name as originally asserted by Paykull (C. ustulatus var. S.
= C. rupestris, L.). LinnaBus probably described his insect from
an example with unusually dark legs.
The species, which appears very distinct, is extremely rare in
Britain. The only indigenous examples I have seen are in the
Stephensian cabinet and are stated to have been found at
Swansea.
29. B. fumigatum : nigro-aneum ; thorace subcordato, postice
subangustato, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris oblongo-
ovatis, testaceo-variegatis, fortiter punctato-striatis ; an-
tennis basi pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Elaphrus fumigatusy Dufts. Faun. 2. 204 (1812)..
Bembidium fumigatum, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 166.
Notaphus stictus, Steph. Mand. 2. 20, et Manual, p. 56.
Bembidium assimile, var., Erichson, Kiifer, 167.
B. Dejeanii, Putz. Prem. Ent. 61.
About the size of the preceding species, but narrower in front.
Head and thorax obscure greenish bronze, tip of mandibles and
two joints at the base of the antennae testaceous red, the rest of
the antennae and palpi obscure. Thorax (PI. II. f. 12) subcor-
date, sides more rounded and dilated about the middle, then
contracted, but just before the angles sensibly straight, so as to
form with the base a right angle, disk moderately convex, the
dorsal and transverse lines well defined, the base with two fovese.
Elytra oblong-ovate, deeply punctate-striate on the disk, the
sides and apex smooth, the first stria nearest the suture entire,
the next rather abbreviated, all the others still more so, the
colour varies from testaceous spotted or banded with fuscous or
bronzed black, or the latter predominates and is more or less
variegated with testaceous, very much after the manner of flam-
mulatum; the underside is bronzed black, the legs are testaceous
red. Length IJ-2 lines.
Abundant in marshy places, but rather local : Hammersmith
marshes ; the fens of Essex and Lincolnshire, &c.
30. B. ephippium : capite thoraceque viridi-aneis, nitidis ;
thorace subcordato} postice coarctato, angulis posticis rec-
198 CARABID^E.— BEMBIDIUM.
tis ; elytris oblongis, punctato-striatis, pallide testaceis,
macula communi posticd fusco-brunned ; antennis pedibus-
que pallidis.
Carabus ephippium, Marsham, Ent. 462.
Notaphus ephippium, Steph. Mand. 2. 20, et Manual, p. 57.
Bembidium ephippium, Redt. Faun. Aust. 107. — Jacq.-Duv.
Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 156.
B. pallidipenne, Dej. Spec. 5. 74 ; Icon. 4. 350. pi. 210.
This little species has the head and thorax greenish black and
very shining ; palpi and antennae testaceous, penultimate joint
of the former pitchy. Thorax subcordate, sides rounded in front,
contracted behind the middle, with the posterior angles right
angles, but distinctly elevated, the dorsal line transversely
wrinkled, the basal fovese large. Elytra oblong, sides almost
parallel, distinctly and regularly punctate-striated throughout,
the third interstice with the usual impressions, the surface testa-
ceous with a more or less obsolete or widely diffused dusky
patch behind, extending entirely across, and sometimes a small
darker one at the base of the suture ; legs pale testaceous.
Length 1J lines.
Abundant in salt marshes : Lymington ; Christchurch ; Whit-
stable ; Isle of Sheppey ; Great Yarmouth, &c.
31. B. assimile : obscure viridi-aneum ; thorace subcordato,
postice parum angustato utrinque foveolato, angulis posticis
rectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, fortiter punctato-striatis,
apice macula rotundata ante apicem antennarum basi
pedibusque testaceis.
Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 26.— Dej. Spec. 5. 175; Icon. 4. 41 1. pi. 221.
— Erichson, Kafer, 135. — Heer, Faun. Helv. 136. — Jacq.-Duv.
Ann. Soc. Ent, 10. 168.
Lopha Doris, Steph. Mand. 2. 25, et Manual, p. 58.
L. Spensii, Steph. Mand. 2. 25, et Manual, p. 58.
Notaphus castanopterus, Steph. Mand. 2. 21, et Manual, p. 57.
Above greenish or bluish black. Head striated obliquely on
each side and with a longitudinal ridge on the crown between
the striae, which approximate in front ; antennae brownish black,
basal and next joint red. Thorax subcordate, the width across
the middle greater than the length, rather contracted behind,
posterior angles right angles, disk moderately convex, the dorsal
furrow met before and behind by a shallow transverse impression,
base with a deep fovea close to each angle. Elytra oblong-ovate,
deeply punctate-striated, the punctured striae deepest next the
CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM. 199
suture and vanishing before the apex, the third interstice with
two impressions, near the outer margin behind is a testaceous
spot, more or less distinct and large, the apex being likewise
sometimes livid testaceous ; body beneath black, legs testaceous
red. Length 1^ line.
Notaphus castanopterus, Steph., is a pale and immature variety
of this insect, from which Lopha Spensii and Doris of the Ste-
phensian cabinet do not differ.
It is an abundant species in marshy places and is widely dis-
tributed : Whittlesea Mere and the fens of Cambridgeshire,
Huntingdonshire and Lincolnshire, in profusion ; and in the
London district. It is included likewise among the Irish Bem-
bidia.
32. B. Clarkii : nigro-piceum, inter dum obscure viridi-ceneum ;
thorace latiore, subquadrato, postice subangustato utrinque
foveolato bistriatoque, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris ob-
longo-ovatis, fortiter punctato-striatis, macula obsoleta
ante apicem antennarum basi pedibusque runs. (PI. III.
. *• E.)
LopJia Clarkii, Dawson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 3. 215 (1849).
Bembidium Clarkii, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 10. 170(1851).
Above pitchy black, occasionally obscure greenish brass. Head
with a deep slightly flexuous furrow on each side, somewhat
approximating in front, enclosing a strongly elevated ridge on
the crown ; mandibles pitchy red, palpi and antennae pitchy
black, basal joint of the latter wholly and base of some of the
following joints red. Thorax subquadrate, sides dilated and
rounded before the middle, rather narrowed behind, but the
base still wider than in the preceding species, posterior angles
right angles or slightly prominent, disk convex, the dorsal furrow
met in front by a semicircular impression, and behind also by a
slightly rugose depression, the base with a large bistriated fovea
on each side. Elytra oblong-ovate, rather broad, convex, deeply
punctate-striated, the punctured striae abbreviated before the
apex which is smooth, the striae nearest the suture very deep,
the exterior ones much more slender, the third interstice with
two impressions, near the outer margin behind is a more or less
obsolete round red spot; underside black, legs entirely red.
Length If line.
In its general structure and in the deep striae and punctuation
of the elytra, this species is allied both to assimile and gilvipes,
but it is a more robust insect, the thorax especially is larger and
200 CARABID^E. — BEMBIDIUM.
broader at the base, and the head is more deeply sulcated than
either.
It is a local species, which I first discovered in the marshes at
Herringstone, near Dorchester, in May 1848 • and named it
after my friend and companion, the Rev. Hamlet Clark. I found
it still more plentifully in the same locality in 1852 ; and have
taken it likewise on the seashore in Pegwell Bay, near Ramsgate.
(LEJA, Meg.}
33. B. lampros : ceneum, nitidum ; thorace lateribus antice late
rotundato, postice coarctato, profunde foveolato, angulis
posticis rectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, striis punctatis apice
evanescentibus sex distinctis ; antennis basi rufis, pedibus
rufo-testaceis.
Carabus lampros, Herbst, Archiv, 164 (1781).
Bembidium lampros, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 503.
Carabus celer, Fab. Ent. S. 1. 167 (1792).— Fab. S. El. 1. 210.
Bembidium celere, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 17.— Sturm, D. F. 6. 140.
— Dej. Spec. 5. 157; Icon. 4. 421. pi. 219.— Erichson, Kafer,
135.
T achy pus celer, Steph. Mand. 2. 26.
T.properans, Steph. Mand. 2. 26, et Manual, p. 58.
T. acutus, chalceus et orichalceus, Steph. Mand. 2. 27, et Ma-
nual, p. 58.
Var. /3. elytris striis punctatis apice evanescentibus 7 distinctis'
pedibus totis rufescentibus.
B. velox, Erichson, Kafer, 134.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 134.
Lopha pulchella, Steph. Mand. 2. 23, et Manual, p. 57.
Brassy, shining. Head with two deep parallel impressions
between the eyes ; antennae dull black, with the first and second
joints at the base more or less red and always so beneath ; palpi
dull pitchy. Thorax cordate, truncate before and behind, sides
dilated and rounded considerably in front, much contracted
behind, posterior angles right angles, disk very smooth and
convex on each side the dorsal furrow, base with a deep fovea
near each angle punctured within, the space between them being
also punctured. Elytra oblong-ovate, narrowed and rounded at
the shoulders, sides gradually and regularly rounded, disk con-
vex, having six punctured stria? distinctly marked, which vanish
before they reach the extremity, leaving the apex smooth, the
sides being also smooth, except that the outer margin has some
irregular impressions, and on the third interstice are two punc-
tures ; underside of the body black, legs red, tibiae often paler
testaceous. Length 1^ line.
CARABID^E. — BEMBIDIUM. 201
This species commonly has but six punctured striae on each
wing-case and usually rather coarsely impressed, but in rarer
instances there are seven rows of punctures, in which case they
are generally finer, and this variety forms B. velox of Erichson ;
it has usually a duller and darker appearance, and something of
a bluish tinge. Lopha pulchella, Steph., belongs tijfthis variety,
which is of unfrequent occurrence in Britain. Tachypusproperans,
chalceus and orichalceus of the Stephensian cabinet are perfectly
identical with the typical insect, which is found in profusion
everywhere.
34. B. Schuppelii: nigro-subvirescens ; thorace subcordato, an-
gulis posticis rectis ; elytris ovatis, fortiter punctato-stri-
atis ; antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testaceis, femoribus
rufo-piceis. (PI. III. f. D.)
Dej. Spec. 5. Supp. 860 ; Icon. 4. 440. pi. 221.— Jacq.-Duv.
Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 519.
Obscure greenish or bluish black. Head with two oblique
furrows approximating in front ; antennae pitchy black with two
joints at the base red, palpi rusty red with the penultimate joint
obscure. Thorax broader than in gilvipes, sides rounded from
below the anterior angles to behind the middle, then contracted
a little, but straight immediately before the angle, so as to form
with the posterior margin a right angle, disk convex, the dorsal
furrow and anterior transverse impression well marked, the base
narrowly depressed and with a broad fovea on each side, which
becomes distinctly bifid above. Elytra more ovate than in any of
the allied species, strongly punctate-striated, the striae carried
very nearly to the extremity, before which they become finer and
the punctuation disappears, but the apex itself is smooth ; under-
side bluish black, legs red, with the femora at their base pitchy.
Length 1^ line.
This species is allied to gilvipes, but the thorax is evidently
broader and less narrowed behind and the elytra are shorter and
more ovate. Two examples were taken first by Messrs. Bold
and Murray on the banks of the Irthing, near Naworth Castle,
Cumberland; and subsequently about a dozen more by Mr. Wailes
in the same locality ; it has been taken occasionally also near
Edinburgh.
35. B. gilvipes: nigrum ; thorace subcordato, postice coarctato,
angulis posticis rectis ; elytris oblong o -ovatis, fortiter
202 CARABID^E. — BEMBTDIUM.
punctato-striatis ; antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testa-
ceis.
Sturm, D. F. 6. 149. pi. 159 (1825).— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc.
Ent. 9. 520.
B. Mannerheimii, Dej. Spec. 5. 167; Icon. 4. 432. pi. 229.
Lopha niara, Steph. Mand. 2. 24 (1829), et Manual, p. 57.
Black or pitchy black. Head less convex than in the pre-
ceding species, with two oblong frontal impressions very slightly
approximating in front ; antennas obscure black, the basal,
second and sometimes the third joints red. Thorax subcordate,
narrower, rounded on the sides and more contracted behind than
in Schuppelii, the posterior angles right angles, disk convex,
dorsal furrow fine and intersected by minute wavy wrinkles,
base with two fovese, the space between which is somewhat
depressed and punctulated. Elytra oblong-ovate, about twice
the width of the thorax, sides evenly rounded, very convex,
strongly punctate-striated on the disk, the striae becoming finer
at the apex and the punctures themselves wanting, the third
interstice with two small impressions ; legs wholly red. Length
1^ line.
Dejean has quoted this species as Mannerheimii of Sahlberg,
but as the descriptions given by that author to represent his
insect by no means correspond with the characters of the one
before us, the appellation given to it by Sturm is now generally
adopted.
It is very abundant in marshy districts.
36. B. pusillum : nigrum, subcyaneum ; sulcis front alibus
parallelis ; thorace brevi subcordato, lateribus valde rotun-
dato, postice fortiter coarctato ; elytris oblong o-ovatis,
fortiter striato-punctatis ; antennis pedibusque brunneo-
nigris.
Gyll. Ins. Suec. 4. 403.— Dej. Spec. 5. 165; Icon. 4. 430. pi. 220.
— Erichson, Kafer, 136.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 135. — Jacq.-Duv.
Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 525.
Lopha pulicaria, Steph. Mand. 2. 24, et Manual, p. 58.
L. minima, Steph. Mand. 2. 24, et Manual, p. 58.
Above black or blue-black. Head with two parallel frontal
furrows ; palpi and antennas obscure, the basal joint of the latter
in some examples reddish. Thorax short, subcordate, very much
rounded on the sides arid much narrowed behind, the lateral
margins acutely reflexed, especially behind, posterior angles
obliquely formed and a little elevated, convex, the dorsal furrow
CAKABID.E. BEMBIDIUM. 203
slender, very minutely wrinkled on each side, the base depressed
and furnished with numerous minute punctures which give it a
finely rugose appearance, the fovese small, deep and punctured
within. Elytra oblong-ovate, humeral angles rounded but not
narrowed, sides very little rounded, disk moderately convex,
strongly punctate-striated, the punctured striaa entire on the sides
but effaced at the extremity, the third interstice with an impression
rather before the middle very distinct and another less evident
behind, in rarer instances there is an indistinct reddish spot be-
hind near the outer margin and sometimes the apex itself is rusty
red; underside of the body and the legs black, tibise a little
brownish. Length 1^ line.
Lopha pulicaria and minima of the Stephensian cabinet are
identical with this species. Stephens has given as one of the
characters of the former insect, ' oblique frontal striae/ but this
was probably through inadvertency. Whether Lopha nana, Steph.,
is to be referred as a small variety to this species I cannot deter-
mine, as that name has no representative in the Stephensian
cabinet.
Common.
(LOPHA, Megerle.)
37. B. doris : (meo-mgrum, nitidum ; sulcis frontalibus obliquis,
profunde impressis ; thorace cordato, postice fortiter
coarctato, angulis posticis prominulis ; elytris oblongo-
ovatis, punctato-striatis, apice maculaque rotundata ante
apicem rufis ; antennis basi pedibusque rufo-testaceis.
Carabus doris, Panz. Faun. 38 (1789-1810).
Elaphrus doris, 111. Kafer, 1. 232 (1798).
Bembidium doris, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 24. — Sturm, D. F. 6. 170.
— Dej. Spec. 5. 172 ; Icon. 4. 437. pi. 221.— Erichson, Kafer,
137.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 136.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9.
529.
Brassy black, sometimes greenish or bluish. Head broader
than in the next species, with two oblique frontal furrows strongly
marked, which approximate and unite in front (PL II. f. 17); palpi
and antennae obscure with their base red. Thorax cordate, very
convex, sides rounded more in front and not so much in the
middle as in the preceding species, lateral margins very fine and
not reflexed, the posterior angles rather prominent, the dorsal
furrow and the usual transverse impression in front slenderly
marked, the base with two fovese and a puncture on each side
the termination of the dorsal line as in the next species. Elytra
oblong-ovate, convex, strongly striated, the striae distinctly
punctured, the punctured stria? effaced at the apex and on the
204 CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM.
sides, the third interstice with two small impressions and the
exterior margin with a round red spot at no great distance from
the apex, which latter is sometimes pale and the red colour
occasionally suffused over the whole extremity ; underside black,
legs testaceous red. Length 1^ line.
This species is very liable to be confounded with B. normannum,
which however is a somewhat narrower insect and has the frontal
furrows parallel, for which reason I have assigned Lopha pusilla
and hcemorrhoidalis, Steph., to that species, though Dr. Schaum
in his notes referred them to this ; all the examples however in
the Stephensian cabinet (with one exception, which is placed on
one side with the MS. name virescens) evidently = normannum.
Nearly all the specimens in British collections which stand
under the name doris will, I suspect, prove identical with nor-
mannum.
Found rarely in salt marshes.
38. B. normannum : obscure viridi-esneum, nitidum ; sulcis
frontalibus parallelis ; thorace cordato, postice fortiter
coarctato, angulis posticis rectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis,
punctato-striatis, apice antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-
testaceis.
Dej. Spec. 5. 164; Icon. 4. 429. pi. 220.— Heer, Faun. Helv.
135.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 522.
Var. ft. elytris oblongo-ouatis, macula postica rotundata apiceque
rufo-testaceis.
Lopha pusilla et assimilis, Steph. Manual, p. 57.
L. hcemorrhoidalis, Steph. Mand. 5. 387, et Manual, p. 58.
Above obscure greenish bronze. Head smaller than that of
doris, with two parallel frontal furrows (PI. II. f. 16), antennae
dusky, with the basal and sometimes the two next joints red.
Thorax cordate, very convex, widest and rounded before the
middle, considerably contracted behind, posterior angles right
angles, base with an oblique deep fovea placed close within the
angle, the space between them and the slender dorsal furrow
with some faint punctuation. Elytra oblong-ovate, sides very
slightly rounded, very convex, punctate-striated, but with the
apex smooth, the third interstice with the usual impressions,
near the outer margin at no great distance from the apex is a
red spot, often obsolete, sometimes very widely diffused and of a
greater or less depth of colour, and sometimes the apex itself
alone is red ; underside black, legs testaceous red, femora occa-
sionally obscure. Length 1^ line.
The individuals standing under the names Lopha pusilla,
CARABID^I. BEMBIDIUM. 205
assimilis and h&morrhoidalis in the Stephensian cabinet are (with
one exception) perfectly identical with this species. Stephens
appears to have transposed the species L. assimilis and doris (nor-
mannum) in his collection.
This insect is common in salt marshes, on the sides of ditches
in marshy districts and on the banks of tidal rivers. Lymington
Salterns; shores of the Thames below Gravesend; Whitstable
and Herne Bay; Isle of Sheppey and Southend; eastern
counties, &c.
39. B. articulatum ; capite thoraceque obscure viridi-aneis ;
hoc oblong o- cor dato, postice fortiter coarctato, angulis
posticis rectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, punctato-striatis,
testaceis, fascia pone medium et altera ante apicem fusco-
brunneis ; antennis basi pedibusque testaceis.
Carabus articulatus, Panz. Faun. 30.
Bembidium articulatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 23. — Dej. Spec. 5.
188 ; Icon. 4. 456. pi. 223.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 138.— Jacq.-
Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 535.
Lopha pcecila, Steph. Mand. 2. 21, et Manual, p. 57.
Head and thorax brassy green, or bluish, more or less obscure ;
elytra reddish testaceous, with a fuscous irregular band a little
behind the middle, behind which is a pale testaceous patch near
the margin, then another fuscous band just before the apex. Head
large, with an oblique oblong impression on each side uniting in
front; eyes large; antennae with three joints at the base testaceous,
the rest of the antennae and the penultimate joint of the palpi
obscure. Thorax oblong, heart-shaped, very convex, sides much
rounded in front, much contracted behind, the lateral margins
not reflexed, the posterior angles rectangular but the tip acute
and elevated, the dorsal furrow and transverse stria very slender,
the base with two fovea3 and a row of distinct punctures between
them. Elytra oblong-ovate, very convex, distinctly punctate-
striated, with the apex smooth, on the third interstice before the
middle is a very evident impression and a fine puncture also be-
hind; underside black, legs pale. Length 1| line.
Not uncommon in damp gravel and sand pits, humid places
in woods, &c. throughout the kingdom.
40. B. 4-guttatum : capite thoraceque viridi-ceneis vel nigro-
ceneis ; hoc oblongo-cordato, postice fortiter coarctato,
angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, basi punc-
tato-striatis, nigris, maculis in singulo duabus albidis ;
pedibus pallidis.
206
CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM.
Carabus 4-guttatus, Fab. Mant. 1. 205.— Fab. S. El. 1. 207.
Elaphrm 4-guttatus, 111. Kafer, 1. 233.
Bembidium 4-guttatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 21. — Dej. Spec. 5.
183; Icon. 4. 450. pi. 222.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 137.—
Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 537.
Lopha 4-ffuttata, Steph. Mand. 2. 22.
Head and thorax brilliant brassy black, or sometimes with a
greenish gloss, the former with two oblong rugose impressions
parallel to each other ; mouth, palpi and antennae brownish, the
bases of the two latter testaceous. Thorax oblong, heart-shaped,
very convex, much narrowed behind, posterior angles not pro-
minent, basal fovese broad with a fine punctuation between them,
the dorsal and anterior transverse lines slender. Elytra oblong-
ovate, rather wide, punctate-striated at the base only, the third
interstice with two and the outer margin just below the shoulder
with several deeper impressions, disk moderately convex, brilliant
shining brassy black, with two whitish testaceous spots on each,
one angularly formed placed a little below the shoulder and
another smaller and round one a little behind the middle near
the outer margin, but neither of them touching it ; underside
bronzed black ; legs pale, with the knees and edges of the femora
dusky. Length 2± lines.
Common.
41 . B. callosum : subteneo-nigrum, nitidum ; thorace oblongo-
cordato, angulis posticis subrectis ; elytris oblong o-ovatis,
antice levius punctato-striatis, maculis in singulo duabus
pallidis, lateraliter junctis; antennis basipedibusque pallidis.
(PI. III. f. C.)
Kust. Kafer, 9. 23 (1847).— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 540
(1851).
B. laterale, Dej. Spec. 5. 185 ; Icon. 4. 452. pi. 222.— Heer,
Faun. Helv. 137.
This species very nearly resembles 4-guttatum, but is rather
smaller, narrower and more delicately formed; the principal
characters which distinguish it from that species are stated as
follows : the colour of a deeper black ; the base of the first joint
of the antennae alone testaceous red; the elytra more finely
striated and the punctuation more minute, the humeral spot
continued, but more narrowly along the lateral margin till it
unites with the lower one which is smaller and less round than
the corresponding one in 4-guttatum ; in other respects they do
not differ. Length 2 lines.
This species was first named by Dejean laterale, but as that
name had previously been applied to the insect which represents
CARABID^. BEMBIDIUM. 207
the subgenus Cillenus by Dr. Leach, it has become necessary to
adopt the next in priority. The insect is now for the first time
introduced into the British Fauna on the authority of a single
example, which was captured by Mr. Steuart on Woking Common
in the summer of 1851, and is now in my possession.
42. B. 4-maculatum : nigro-aneum, nitidum ; thorace subcor-
dato, postice coarctato, angulis posticis subacutis ; elytris
oblong 'o-ovatis, dorso punctato-striatis, maculis in singulo
duabus pallidis ; antennarum articulo 1, 2, 3 et 4 basi
pedibusque testaceis.
Cincidela 4-maculata, Linn. S. N. 1. 658.
Elaphrus 4-maculatus, 111. Kafer, 1. 232.
Bembidium 4-maculatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 22. — Dej. Spec. 5.
187 ; Icon. 4. 454. pi. 223.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 138.— Jacq.-
Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 542.
Lopha 4-maculata, Steph. Mand. 2. 22, et Manual, p. 57.
Head and thorax brassy black, with a faint greenish coppery
tinge, the former with parallel striae ; antennae and palpi obscure,
four joints at the base of the former red and the base of the palpi
testaceous. Thorax subcordate, the posterior angles very minutely
dentate, or subacute, the sculpture as in 4-guttatum. Elytra
oblong-ovate, lightly but distinctly punctate-striated almost to
the apex, with two pale testaceous patches on each, the form and
position of which are much the same as those in 4<-guttatum ;
underside bronzed black; legs testaceous, femora sometimes dusky.
Length 1| line.
Common.
(BEMBIDIUM pr.)
43. B. bipunctatum : aneo-cuprewn, nitidum ; capite punctato ;
thorace subcordato, antice posticeque punctato ; elytris
punctato-striatis, foveolis duabus in singulo impressis ;
antennis pedibusque cmeo-nigris.
Carabus bipunctatus, Linn. F. S. 806. — Fab. S. El. 1. 209.
Bembidium bipunctatum, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 16. — Dej. Spec. 5.
98 ; Icon. 4. 365. pi. 212.— Heer, Faun. Helv. 127.--Jacq.-
Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 493.
Tachypus bipunctatus, Steph. Mand. 2. 28, et Manual, p. 59.
Above brownish coppery, or bronzed, very shining. Head
sparingly punctured on the crown and with a thickly punctured
oblong channel on each side; palpi and antennae black, the
latter rather short. Thorax subcordate, sides dilated and rounded
below the anterior angles, narrowed behind, the posterior angles
208 CARABIDjE. BEMBIDIUM.
rather prominent, disk convex, the dorsal furrow intersected by
numerous transverse wavy wrinkles and the entire limb punctured,
but the punctures on the sides very minute and sparingly distri-
buted, the base with a punctured fovea near each angle. Elytra
considerably broader than the thorax, shoulders a little rounded,
sides somewhat parallel, oblong, finely punctate-striated till
beyond the middle, when the punctured striae disappear, the
third interstice with two deep impressions ; underside of the
body and legs dark bronze ; sides of the thorax punctured.
Length 2 lines.
Abundant on the gravelly beaches of rivers in the north of
England, in Wales, Scotland and Ireland; as well as in the London
district and in many other parts of the kingdom. My friend
G. Guyon, Esq., has found it in plenty on the shores of the
Thames near Richmond.
44. B. velox : plerumque (sneum ; capite thoraceque punctatis,
hoc cordatOy postice coarctato ; elytris punctato-striatis,
striis integris, interstitio tertio punctis duobus impressis ;
antennis basi pedibusque rufa.
Carabus velox, Linn. F. S. 222.
Elaphrus striatus, Dufts. Faun. 2. 198.
Bembidium striatum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 186. pi. 163.— Dej. Spec.
5. 93; Icon. 4. 300.pl. 211.
Tachypus striatus, Steph. Maud. 2. 28, et Manual, p. 59.
Bembidium punctatulum, Drapiez, Ann. 7- 275 (1820). — Jacq.-
Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 483.
Bembidium chlorophanum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 187. pi. 163.
Tachypus chlorophanus, Steph. Mand. 2. 28, et Manual, p. 59.
Bembidium aerosum, Erichson, Kafer, 124.
Brownish brassy or occasionally blue-black, variable in colour.
Head thickly punctured, with an oblong fovea on each side;
antennae longer than in the preceding species and more slender,
brownish black with the basal joint red. Thorax cordate, much
contracted behind, convex, punctured throughout, but most
closely in front and at the base. Elytra oblong, broad, sides
almost parallel, apex rounded, disk convex, deeply punctate-
striated, the punctures very evident, and the striae continued to
the apex, before which however the third and fourth, as well as
the fifth and sixth unite in pairs, the third interstice has two
deeper impressions ; underside black, blue-black, or bronzed, with
some punctuation on the thorax and breast ; legs, testaceous red,
tibiae with a greenish or bluish metallic tinge. Length 2^ lines.
This insect is the Carabus velox of the Fauna Suecica, and I
have accordingly restored the name.
CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM. 209
It is very abundant on the gravelly beaches of rivers in the
north of England, in Scotland and Wales. " Durham ; by the
Ouseburn and Derwent in April and June." Mr. Bold. Coasts
of Lancashire and Cumberland ; Midgeley Moor ; shores of the
Thames at Richmond and Kew, &c.
45. B. pallidipenne : capite thoraceque viridi-aneis ; capite
punctato; thoracesubcordatOipostice coarctato punctatoque ;
elytris ovatis, punctato-striatis, pallide testaceis, fascid
transversa dentata in medio retrorsum product^ fusco-
senea; antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Elaphrus pallidipennis, 111. Mag. 1. 489.
Tacky pus pallidipennis, Steph. Manual, p. 59.
Bembidium pallidipenne, Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 487.
B. Andrea, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 15. — Dej. Spec. 5. 96 ; Icon. 4.
363. pi. 212.
Tacky pus Andrea, Steph. Mand. 2. 29.
Head and thorax metallic green, or coppery, the former closely
punctured and with a small fovea on each side ; antennse short
and stout and together with the mandibles and palpi entirely
testaceous ; eyes black and prominent. Thorax subcordate, sides
dilated and rounded below the anterior angles, narrowed behind,
disk convex, the base depressed and thickly punctured, the basal
fovese very shallow, the lateral margins sometimes very finely and
sparingly punctured, the dorsal line met in front by a transverse
depression and intersected by numerous fine wrinkles. Elytra
ovate, convex, testaceous yellow, scutellum greenish, a triangular
space at the base of the suture together with a transverse dentate
or deeply waved band a little behind the middle brownish bronze,
disk punctate-striated about as far as the middle, the punctured
striae effaced at the extremity, the third interstice with two more
distinct small impressions ; legs testaceous. Length 2 lines.
This insect is not uncommon on the sedgy brinks of little
streams and rills that run into the sea on the coasts of Norfolk,
Suffolk, Essex, Dorset and Devon, &c., and is found in similar
localities in the north of England, in Scotland and Ireland.
From its habit of remaining concealed during the day at the roots
of moist sedgy grass, it is very liable to be overlooked. I have
found it on the edge of a little stream that runs down to the
Smallmouth sands near Weymouth, by treading the wet herbage,
which brings them out of their places of concealment ; though
several entomologists, myself among the number, had previously
searched the sides of that little rill without detecting it ; and I
have procured it under similar circumstances near Barmouth on
p
210 CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM.
the Welsh coast. Lough Neagh and Killarney are among its
Irish localities.
46. B. paludosum : aneo-cupreum ; thorace subquadrato, angulis
posticis obliquis acutiusculis ; elytris oblongis, punctato-
striatis, foveolis duabus oblongis argenteis in singulo
irapressis.
Elaphrus paludosus, Panz. Faun. 20.
Bembidium paludosum, Sturm, D. F. 6. 179. — Steph. Mand. 2.
30, et Manual, p. 59. — Dej. Spec. 5. 79 ; Icon. 4. 354. pi. 21 1 .
— Erichson,Kafer, 125. — Heer,Faun. Helv. 126. — Jacq.-Duv.
Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 473.
Above purplish brass variegated with copper, extremely brilliant
during life. Head flattish, slightly channeled on each side
between the eyes; antennae obscure with the base coppery.
Thorax wider than the head, somewhat quadrate, the breadth
being very little greater than the length, anterior margin truncate,
with merely the angles minutely prominent, sides very little
rounded in front and only slightly narrowed behind, posterior
angles minute and acute, the base being obliquely sloped upwards
towards them so as to render them slightly prominent, the dorsal
furrow entire, transversely wrinkled, and intersected in front by
a shallow curved impression and behind by another which extends
along the base between the two basal fovese ; the latter are deeply
impressed. Elytra oblong-ovate, broadest from below the
humeral angles to behind the middle, thence gradually narrowed
to the extremity, disk convex, deeply punctate-striated, the
striae entire, but the punctures effaced towards the apex, the
first and second striae unite at the extremity, the third and fourth
and also the fifth and sixth are rather shorter and unite in pairs,
the third interstice is broader than the others and bears two
oblong silvery shallow pits, one about the middle, the other
further behind, each with a minute puncture within it, the fourth
and fifth striae are sinuated about the middle and occasionally
some of the others also ; in fine fresh examples (but especially
during life) all the spaces between the suture and the fourth stria
are shining purplish copper, whilst the fifth, sixth and seventh
interstices have patches of the same brilliant colour, the rest of
the elytra being of a shining greenish copper colour, but the
surface more or less variegated in different individuals; the
underside of the body and the legs are obscure greenish bronze,
base of the thighs testaceous. Length 21 lines.
Plentiful on the banks of the Tees; near Sheffield, and Carlisle ;
" Mitford and the banks of the Till ; banks of the Derwent near
CARABID^E. BEMBIDIUM. 211
Winlaton mill and Gibside, in June." Mr. Bold. " In profusion
on the banks of the Rye near Helmsley, Yorkshire, in the autumn/'
Rev. A. Mat hews. It is found likewise in Wales ; Scotland; and
at Lough Neagh and Kerry in Ireland.
(TACHYPUS, Megerle.)
47. B. flavipes : cupreo-teneum, subtiliter punctatum ; oculis
magnis valde prominulis ; thorace cordato ; elytris oblongis,
viridi nebulosis ; antennis basi pedibusque testaceis.
Cicindel a flavipes y Linn. S. N. 1. 658. — Marsham, Ent. 394.
Elaphrus flavipes, Fab. Mant. 1. 187.— Fab. S. El. 1. 246.
Bembidium jlavipes, Gyll. Ins. Suec. 2. 12. — Steph. Mand. 2.
30, et Manual, p. 59.— Dej. Spec. 5. 192 ; Icon. 4. 460. pi. 223.
— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc. Ent. 9. 464.
Above brownish or greenish copper or brass, finely punctulated
throughout ; eyes very prominent and large ; palpi and four
joints at the base of the antennae testaceous, the rest obscure.
Thorax small, cordate, sides rounded and widest about the middle,
considerably contracted behind, moderately convex, the dorsal
line abbreviated, the base very obsoletely foveated. Elytra ob-
long, broad, rather straight in front and with the sides nearly
parallel, clothed with a fine griseous pubescence and otherwise
variegated with purplish and ashy streaks towards the sides, and
exhibiting sufficiently evident though very faint traces of striae
on the disk; the latter has likewise two larger impressions; under-
side bluish or greenish bronze, legs pale testaceous. Length
li line.
B. impressum of the Stephensian collection is a somewhat
larger example of this insect, which is widely distributed in
marshy places, in damp woods, on the banks of streams, &c.
throughout the kingdom.
48. B. pallipes : cupreo-ceneum, subtilissime punctulatum ; oculis
magnis prominulis ; thorace oblongo-cordato ; elytris ob-
longo-ovatis, viridi nebulosis; antennis basi pedibusque
pallide flavis.
Elaphrus pallipes, Dufts. Faun. 2. 197.
Bembidium pallipes, Sturm, D. F. 6. 111. pi. 154.— Gyll. Ins.
Suec. 4. 400.— Steph. Mand. 2. 30, et Manual, p. 59.— Dej.
Spec. 5. 191 ; Icon. 4. 459.pl. 223.— Jacq.-Duv. Ann. Soc.
Ent. 9. 468.
Head and thorax coppery brass, shining, finely rugose, eyes
large and prominent, antennae brown, with the basal joint above
212 CARABID.E. BEMBIDIUM.
and the tip of the second brassy green, the third, fourth, and
sometimes the fifth, together with the palpi, testaceous. Thorax
oblong, heart-shaped, sides regularly and moderately rounded
till behind the middle, then contracted, posterior angles subrect-
angular, the base being slightly sloped towards them, the
disk very convex, the dorsal line and basal fovese slightly
impressed. Elytra oblong-ovate, clothed sparingly with an
irregular ashy pubescence most distinct on the sides, coppery
brass, rather clouded on the disk, which offers some faint traces
of striae near the suture and has two deep impressions, the sides
variegated with rich green or purplish streaks, the punctuation
of the entire surface very minute, with the exception of a few
deeper impressions on the outer margin near the shoulder and
at the apex, and the two deep impressions on each elytron above
alluded to; the underside of the body is bluish or greenish
bronze ; the legs pale testaceous. Length 2~ lines.
Rather a local species ; but found at Swansea ; Cromer and
Aldborough ; on the banks of the Till and elsewhere in the north
of England.
INDEX.
ABAX, 99
marginatum, 85
obsoleta, 117
striola, 99
micans, 92
modestum, 86
obtusa, 120
oricalcica, 125
ACRODON, 126
moestum, 89
ovata, 117
nigrum, 89
patricia, 127
ACTEPH1LUS, 152
parumpunctatum, 88
j>i«?a, 130
pumilus, 152
pelidnum, 92-94
plebeia, 124
vernalis, 152
piceum, 90
similata, 118
picipes, 92
spinipes, 129
ACUPALPUS, 163
plicicolle, 88
spreta, 1 19
cognatus, 163
collaris, 164
pullum, 90
pusillum, 90
strenua, 124
subcenea, 125
consputus, 157
dor salts, 158
exiguus, 161
harpalinus, 164
luridus, 161
4-puncfatum, 90, 95
rotundatum, 96
scitulum, 91
6-punctatum, 85
Simpsoni, 90
tibialis, 123
tricuspidata, 124
trivialis, 117
Vectensis, 124
viridis, 123
meridianus, 159
nigriceps, 160
strialum, 90
Thoreyi, 94
vulgaris, 120
Zabroides, 127
placidus, 162
similis, 165
versutum, 89
viduum, 88
AMBLYCHUS, 60
ADELOSIA, 102
jozcea, 102
vivale, 80
Amara 116
bipustulatus, 60
peltatus, 61
acuminata, 118
AMPHYGINUS, 74
Aepys, no
fulvescens, 171
marinus, 171
cerata, 119
apricaria, 128
fl^ra, 119
aulica 130
piceus, 74
Anchomenus, 81
Robinii, 171
fo/rows, 126
albipes, 84
AETOPHORUS, 6
brunnea, 126
angusticollis, 82
communis, 121
atratus, 89
imperialis, 6
consularis, 127
dorsalis, 83
AGONUM, 84
convexior, 120
convexiuscula, 130
fulgens, 87
fuliginosus, 90
o#ine, 93
cursor, 122
gracilis, 91
c/rwm, 89
curta, 119, 121
junceus, 81
atratum, 89, 91
discrepans, 126
laevis, 87
Austriacum, 86
erythropa, 123
livens, 82
bipunctatum, 82
eurynota, 119
lunatus, 68
consimile, 91
familiaris, 122
marginatus, 84
cupratum, 95
fulva, 129
memnonius, 82 -
cursitor, 92
gemina, 123
micans, 92
emarginatum, 89
m/ma, 123
modestus, 86
fulgens, 87
ingenua, 117, 125
mcestus, 89
fuliginosum, 90
/#ws, 122
oblongus, 84
fuscipenne, 90
fata, 125
pallipes, 83
gracile, 90, 91
laticollis, 120
parumpunctatm, 88
tevp, 89
lucida, 122
pelidnus, 93
livens, 82
mVufri, 124
piceus, 92
218
INDEX.
prasinus, 83
doris, 203
micros 166
4-punctatus, 95
scitulus, 91
ephippium, 197
fasciolatum, 191
pallidus, 168
poludosus 167
6-punctatus, 85
Thoreyi, 94
viduus, 88
femoratum, 181
flammulatum, 193
flavipes, 211
rubens, 166
unifasciatus, 166
Anisodactylus, 131
binotatus, 131
fluviatile, 184
fumigatum, 197
fuscicorne, 189
BLETHISA, 53
multipunctata, 53
poeciloides, 131
virens, 131
ARGUTOR, 108
anthr acinus, 108
depressus, 112
diligens, 111
gilvipes, 201
guttula, 180
lampros, 200
laterale, 175-206
Leachii, 175
littorale, 184
lunatum, 185
Brachinus, 19
crepitans, 20
explodens, 20
glabratus, 20
immaculicornis, 20
sclopeta, 20
erythropus, 110
in&qualis, 110
inquinatus, 109
interstinctus, 110
longicollis, 110
pullus, 111
rufomarginatus, 109
Mannerheimii, 202
marinum, 180
monticulum, 189
nitidulum, 190
uormannum, 204
obliquum, 195
obscurum, 182
Bradycellus, 162
cognatus, 163
collaris, 164
fulvus, 163
placidus, 162
similis, 165
strenuus, 111
vemalis, 109
obsoletum, 186
obtusum, 177
BRADYTUS, 127
olivaceum, 192
apricarius, 128
ATTELABUS, 5
pallidipenne, 198-209
consularis, 128
melanurus, 5
pallipes, 211
paludosum, 210
crassus, 128
ferrugineus, 129
Badister, 59
prasinum, 192
pumilio, 178
fulvus, 129
marginatus, 127
bipustulatus, 60
punctatulum, 208
torridus, 128
cephalotes, 60
pusillum, 202
humeralis, 61
4-guttatum, 205
Broscus, us
lacertosus, 60
microcephalus, 60
4-maculatum, 207
5-striatum, 177
cephalotes, 114
peltatus, 61
rufescens, 178
BUPRESTIS, 116
sodalis, 62
suturalis, 60
rufipes, 188-190
rupestre, 184-196
bicolor, 83
unipustulatus, 60
saxatile, 185
piger, 116
Bembidium, 174
Schuppelii, 201
scutellare, 175
Calathus, 74
aeneum, 180
secale, 170
apicalis, 77
aerosum, 208
Stomoides, 188
Cisteloides, 75
affine, 190
striatum, 208
crocopus, 76
o/fo>e«, 188
sulcatulum, 174
flavipes, 76
Andrea, 184-209
testaceum, 186
fulvipes, 76
areolatum, 173
tibiale, 191
fuscus, 76
articulatum, 205
tricolor, 187
glabripennis, 78
assimile, 198
undulatum, 193
melanocephalus, 77
biguttatum, 179
ustulatum, 194
microcephalus, 78
bipunctatum, 207
varium, 194-196
micropterus, 78
bistriatum, 176
velox, 208
nollis, 77
Bruxellense, 182
velox, 200
nubigena, 79
callosum, 206
vulneratum, 179
ochropterus, 77
celere, 200
chlorophanum, 208
Blemus, 172
)iceus, 74
rotundicollis, 74
Clarkii, 199
areolatus, 173
'ufangulus, 76
concinnura, 18*3
discus, 166
decorum, 187
apidosus, 168
Callistus, 68
Dejeanii, 197
ongicornis, 167
iinatus, 68
INDEX.
219
Calosoma, 41
ecorus, 187
epressus, 62-148
meridianus, 159
micropterus, 78
inquisitor, 42
Sycophanta, 42
dimidiatus, 98
discoideus, 145
micros, 166
minutus, 169
'iscus, 165
mwstus, 89
Carabus, 34
?om, 203
mo«zs, 77
acuminatus, 118
dorsalis, 83, 1 58
monilis, 35
ceneus, 140
dorsiger, 62
multipunctatus, 53
jftthiops, 103
phippium, 198
nemoralis, 41
afer, 89
rythropus, 110
m^er, 100
agilis, 8
eurynotus, 118
nigricornis, 66
agrorum, 67
exasperatus, 39
nt^rsYa, 107
albipes, 84
excavatus, 72
nigropiceus, 174
angusticollis, 82
familiaris, 122
nitens, 39
anthracinus, 107
fasciatus, 11
nitidulus. 190
anxius, 151
fasciolatus, 24
tiivafo, 48
apricarius, 128
femoralis, 13
oblongo-punctatus, 101
arenarius, 46
fenestratus, 8
oblongus, 84
areolatus, 173
ferrugineus, 45
obscurus, 134
articulatus, 205
flavipes, 76
obsoletus, 118
arvensis, 36
foraminulosus, 137
ochropterus, 77
aterrimus, 104
frigidus, 75
oricalcicus, 126
atratus, 89
fuliginosus, 90
owa^», 117
atricapillus, 6
fulvipes, 146
pallipes, 83
aulicus, 130
/Mfews, 129
varumpunctatus, 88
auratus, 38
fuscus, 76
patricius, 127
Austriacus, 86
germanus, 132
pelidnus, 92-93
axillaris, 22
^iAAiw, 116
peltatus, 61
azureus, 134
glabratus, 40
PefjtfK, 145
Azcofor, 129
granulatus, 37
piceus, 74-92
biguttatus, 179
gut tula, 180
picimanus, 102
binotatus, 131
heemorrhoidalis, 18
picipennis, 152
bipunctatus, 207
Helopioides, 64
picipes, 92
bipustulatus, 60
holosericeus, 64
pilicornis, 58
borealis, 49
honestus, 141
planus, 74
brevicollis, 48
hortensis, 41
prasinus, 83
cancellatus, 37
humeralis, 22
preeustus, 45
cassidens, 62
ignavus, 141
pubescens, 138
catenulatus, 35
incequalis, 110
pumicatus, 113
cefer, 200
ingenuus, 125
punctatulus, 135
cephalotes, 114
inquisitor, 42
puncticollis, 137
chalceus, 70
intricatus, 34
purpurascens, 39
chlorocephalus, 19
junceus, 82
±-guttatus, 206
chlorophanus, 134
/#MS, 87
4-maculatus, 9
Cisteloides, 75
lampros, 200
4-notatus, 10
clathratus, 38
lateralis, 47
^-punctatus, 95
collaris, 25, 164
lepidus, 98
4-striatus, 169
complanatus, 46
leucophthalmus, 74
rotunda tus, 96
consitus, 35
limbatus, 146
rotundicollis, 96
consputus, 157
linearis, 8
rubens, 167
consularls, 128
littoralis, 47, 70, 184
rubripes, 147
convexiusculus, 130
lividus, 126
rufangulus, 76
convexus, 40
longicollis, 110
rufescens, 45
cordatus, 137
lucidus, 123
ruficollis, 112
crepitans, 20
lunatus, 68
ruficornis, 140
emr major, 58
luteicornis, 143
rufipes, 76
crw^r minor, 17
madidus, 103
rufimanus, 149
cuniculinus, 142
marginatus, 85
sabulicola, 133
cupreus, 97
melampus, 148
sabulosus, 47
cyaneus, 34
melanarius, 106
Scalesii, 110
cyanocephalus, 18
melanocephalus, 77
Sclopeta, 20
220
INDEX.
secalis, 170
serripes, 150
b-punctatus, 85
sigma, 11
Silphoides, 63
riparia, 2
rupestris, 196
sylvatica, 1
sylvicola, 2
angustatus, 13
bipennifer, 11
bipunctatus, 15
fasciatus, 12
spinibarbis, 43
spinilabris, 45
CILLENUM, 175
femoralis, 13
fenestratus, 8
spinipes, 130
strenuus, 111
striola, 99
laterale, 176
minimum, 24
foveolus, 14
glabratus, 13
imperialis, 6
subcyaneus, 73
sulcicollis, 64
CILLENUS, 175
impunctatus, 15-
linearis, 8
Sycophanta, 42
lateralis, 1 75
longiceps, 7
tardus, 149
maurus, 13
tempestivus, 169
terricola, 73
Clivina, 24
melanocephalus, 12
meridionalis, 8
Teutonus, 154
<zwea, 31
obscuroguttatus, 14
tibialis, 123
arenaria, 25
i punctatellus, 14
trivialis, 117
arctica, 115
quadrillum, 15
truncatellus, 13
collaris, 25
4-maculatus, 9
turcicus, 17
elongata, 27
4-notatus, 10
ustulatus, 194-196
fossor, 24
4-signatus, 10
vaporariorum, 23, 154
#z££«, 32
sigma, 11
farm*, 194, 196
metallica, 27
spilotus, 15
tftf/o-r, 208
minima, 33
truncatellus, 13
oernalis, 152
wz>nz, 30
unipunctatus, 7
vespertinus, 155
nitida, 26
vestitus, 67
obscura, 29
Drypta,4
viduus, 88
violaceus, 39
polita, 27
thoracica, 30
emarginata, 4
viridanus, 83
viridis, 123
CURTONOTUS, 129
Dyschirius, 25
vivalis, 80
vulgaris, 120
Ziegleri, 155
oonvexiusculus, 130
-/««?«», 130
aeneus, 31
aratus, 31
arenosus, 26, 30
CELIA., 125
Cychrus, 33
cylindricus, 27
digit atus, 26
CEPHALOTKS, 114
rostratus, 33
fulvipes, 26
gibbus, 33
vulgaris, 114
CYMINDIS, 21
globosus, 32
jejunus, 31
Chlaenius, 64
basalts, 23
impunctipennis, 29
agrorum, 67
fulgidus, 66
holosericeus, 65
melanocomis, 66
homagrica, 22 inermis, 26
humeralis, 21 minimus, 33
punctata, 23 nitidus, 26
obscurus, 29
Y1-. i . r>nlifno OT
nigricornis, 66
sulcicollis, 64
vestitus, 67
xanthopm, 66 j
Demetnas, 5 ^
atricapilla, 6
rtonyatula, 6 i
mperialis, 6 s
mnctatus, 28
msillus, 31
"ufipes, 28
alinus, 28
Cicindela, 1 «
nonostigma, 7 t
obscura, 6 /
horacicus, 30
m/M, 31
aprica, 2 l
mipunctata, 7
aquatica, 54
campestris, 3
,ftavipes, 211
Diachromus, 132
Elaphrus, so
quaticus, 54
germanica, 3 8
ermanus, 132 *
'guttatus, 56
Iiybrida, 2
4
'striatus, 17fi
marina, 171
Dromius, 7 C1
jpreus, 51
maritima, 3 a
'corws, 187
/^
0m, 203
INDEX.
221
flavipes, 211
atricornis, 144
marginellus, 147
fumigatus, 197
Lapponicus, 51
lunatus, 185
atrocaeruleus, 141
attenuates, 143
aulicus, 129
melampus, 148 *
melanarius, 106
melancholicus, 150
multipunctatus, 53
azurescens, 147
melanocephalus, 77
pallidipennis, 209
azureus, 134, 147
meridianus, 159
pallipes,2ll
bifrons, 126
micropterus, 78
paludosus, 210
binotatus, 131
minor, 108
palustris, 54
brevicollis, 138
neglectus, 152
prasinus, 192
brunneus, 126
m#er, 100
pumilio, 178
Ca/er, 145
nigricornis, 144
4-guttatus, 206
calceatus, 131
nigripes, 151
4-maculatus, 207
cephalotes, 114
nigrocaeruleus, 147
riparius, 52
chlorophanus, 135
nitidus, 141
rupestris, 196
chloropterus, 147
notatus, 141
semipunctatus, 56
Cisteloides, 75
oblongo-punctatus, 101
stria tus, 208
cognatus, 163
oblongus, 84
testaceus, 186
collaris, 164-165
obscuricornis, 141
tibialis, 191
communis, 121
obscurus, 134
uliginosus, 50
confusus, 140
obsoletus, 139
consent aneus, 143
parumpunctatus, 88
EPAPHIUS,170
cor acinus, 151
pelidnus, 93
secalis, 170
cordatus, 136
cribellum, 138
perplexus, 145
Pe*t#K, 147
FERONIA 103
cuniculinus, 142
picipes, 92
jEthiops, 103
anthracina, 107
aterrima, 104
cupreus, 148
cupreus. 97
depressus, 148
discoideus, 145
picilabris, 143
picipennis, 153
jt?(?er, 151, 152
placidus, 162
cuprea, 97
depressa, 112
dimidiata, 98
gracilis, 108
dor salts, 158
emarginatus, 89
familiaris, 122
femoralis, 151
plebeius, 124
prasinus, 83
poeciloides, 131
pubescens, 138
lepida, 99
madida, 103
melanaria, 106
wmor, 108
negligens, 110
flaviventris, 151
foraminulosus, 137
f uliginosus, 149
fulvipes, 146
fulvipes, 76
pullus, 111
pumicatus, 113
punctatulus, 135
puncticollis, 137
punc tiger, 147
nigra, 100
nigrita, 106
oblongo-punctata, 101
parumpunctata, 101
fulvus, 129
fuscipalpis, 150
fuscus, 76
germanus, 132
pygmoeus, 110
4-punctatus, 95
rotundatns, 96
rubripes, 147
picimana, 102
jtm/ta, 111
strenua, 110
gib bus, 116
gracilis, 91
Helopioides, 64
ruficeps, 146
ruficornis, 139
rufimanus, 149
s trio la, 99
vernalis, 109
holosericeus, 65
honestus, 141
ruftpalpis, 141
ruftpes, 72
GALERITA, 24
ignavus, 147
rufit arsis, 131
fasciolata, 24
ingenuus, 125
lateralis, 146
rupicola, 136
sabulicola, 133
Harpalus, 33
totas, 128, 149
lentus, 147
semiviolaceus, 148
serripes, 150
acuminatus, 118, 146
lepidus, 98
servus, 143
aeneus, 140
leucophthalmus, 74
6-punctatus, 85
albipes, 84
limbatus, 146
similatus, 118
angusticollis, 82
livens, 82
strenuus, 110
annulicornis, 141
luridipennis, 69
striola, 99
anthracinm, 107
luteicornis, 143
stygius, 150
anxius, 151
luteicornis, 151
subcordatus, 137
apricarius, 128
maculicornis, 141
subcyancus, 73
aterrimuft, 104
marginatus, 85
subsinuatus, 147
222
INDEX.
sulcicollis, 64
montanus, 44
castanopterus, 198
sulphuripes, 141
nigricans, 43
ephippium, 198
tardus, 149
rufescens, 45
fumigatus, 196
tenebrosus, 150
spinibarbis, 43
nebulosus, 194
thoracicus, 148
spinilabris, 45
obliquus, 194
trivialis, 119
terminatus, 45
stictus, 197
vaporariorum, 154
vernalis, 109, 152
LEJA, 200
undulatus, 193
ustulatus, 194
VGstitus 67
viduus, 88
Licinus, 62
Notiophilus, 53
vulgaris, 120
Wetterhallii, 153
Wollastoni, 144
depressus, 62
Silphoides, 63
aquaticus, 54
biguttatus, 56
brevicollis, 54
LIONYCHUS, 15
HELOBIA 47
^
quadrillum, 15
latior, 54
(Rthiops, 48
latus, 56
brevicollis, 47
LOPHA, 203
metallicus, 54
Gyllenhalii, 48
/a/a, 48
Marshallana, 48
nivalis, 48
varicornis, 48
assimilis, 204
CfarJh't, 199
Dom, 198
hcemorrhoidalis, 204
Newmanii, 54
nitidus, 56
palustris, 54
4-punctatus, 57
rufipes, 55
LAMPRIAS, 18
nt^rfl, 202
semipunctatus, 55
striatus, 56
chlorocephalus, 18
cyanocephalus, 19
nigritarsis, 13
pcecila, 205
pulchella, 200
pulicaria, 202
pusilla, 204
substriatus, 56
tibialis, 54
OCYDROMUS, 193
yufij}€S) iy
Lebia, 16
fl^zYw, 8
4-guttata, 206
4-maculata, 207
Spentii, 198
flammulatus, 193
OCYS, 177
atricapilla, 6
Loricera, 57
currens, 178
cblorocephala, 19
crux minor, 17
pilicornis, 58
melanocephalus, 178
tempestivus, 178
cyanocephala, 18
fasciata, 12
foveola, 14
glabrata, 13
hsemorrhoidalis, 18
Lymnseum, 173
areolatum, 173
depressum, 173
nigro-piceum, 174
Odacantha, 5
melanura, 5
ODONTONYX, 96
homagrica, 22
humeralis, 21
Masorens, 153
rotundicollis, 96
linearis, 8
obscuroguttata, 14
punctatella, 14
quadrillum, 15
luxatus, 153
Wetterhallii, 153
Miscodera, us
Olisthopus, 95
rotundatus, 95
OMASEUS, 104
4-maculata, 9
arctica, 115
a^fnw, 106
\-notata, 10
ant hr acinus, 107
truncatella, 13
Nebria, 46
aterrimus, 104
turcica, 17
arenaria, 46
Bulwerii, 105
borealis, 49
IcBvigatus, 108
LEIOCHITON, 115
brevicollis, 47
melanarius, 106
arcticum, 115
complanata, 46
nigrita, 107
Readii, 115
lateralis, 47
Orinomum, 105
livida, 47
rotundicollis, 108
Leistus, 43
multipunctata, 53
ruftfemoratus. 107
caeruleus, 43
nivalis, 48
sulcatus, 106
ferr^gineus, 45
sabulosa, 47
tetricus, 108
fulvibarbis, 44
indentatus, 44
NOTAPHUS, 193
Oodes, 63
Janus, 44
lifasciatus, 194 Helopioides, 64
INDEX.
223
OPHONUS, 133
biguttatus, 179
macer, 102
azureus, 134
cribellum, 138
foraminulosus, 137
germanus, 132
niiidulus, 135
obscurus, 134
obsolefus, 139
pubescens, 139
punctatissimus, 137
punctatulus, 135
fuscipes, 179
guttula, 180
hcemorrhous, 181
subfenestratus, 179
PLATYDERUS, 112
ruficollis, 112
PLATYNUS, 81
angusticollis, 82
madidus, 103
melanarius, 106
minor, 108
niger, 100
nigrita, 106
oblongo-punctatus, 101
Oririomus, 105
parumpunctatus, 100
picimanus, 102
ruficollis, 112
strcimus 111
puncticeps, 137
puncticollis, 138
sabulicola, 133
PLATYSMA, 101
aterrima, 104
striola, 99
vernalis, 109
stictus, 134 crenata, 109
SCARITES, 25
subpunctatus, 138 cuprea, 97
arenarius, 25
Panagaeus, 58
dimidiata, ya
fejozWa, 99
arcticus, 115
fossor, 25
CTM.T, 58
littoralis, 70
gibbus, 32
crux major, 58
madida, 103
globosus, 32
4-pustulatus, 59
nigra, 100
oblongo-punctata, 101
thoracicus, 30
Patrobus, 71
alpinus, 72
picimana, 102
rufipes, 72
versicolor, 97
Sphodrus, 73
leucophthalmus, 74
excavatus, 72
planus, 74
rufipes, 72
PCECTLUS, 97
subcyaneus, 74
septentrionis, 72
cupreus, 97
Stenolophus, 154
PELOPHILA, 49
borealis, 49
dimidiatus, 97
lepidus, 98
versicolor, 97
consputus, 157
derelictus, 159
dorsalis, 158
PERCOSIA, 127
Pogonus, 69
elegaus, 156
exiguus, 161
PERYPHUS, 181
(Eruginosus, 70
flavicollis, 160
o#ftii«, 191
Burrellii, 69
luridus, 160
a^i/fe, 189
chalceus, 70
meridianus, 159
albipes, 187
halophilus, 70
Skrimshiranus, 155
atrocaruleus, 191
littoralis, 70
Teutonus, 154
cnemerythrus, 191
luridipennis, 69
vaporariorum, 154
concinnus, 183
d(?Q(ms, 1 84
Polystichus, 24
vespertinus, 155
femoratus, 181
fasciolatus, 24
STEROPUS, 103
Leachii, 192
vittatus, 24
athiops, 103
littoralis, 184
lunatus, 185
Pristonychus, 73
arrogans, 103
cognatus, 104
maritimus, 181
subci/aneus, 73
concinnus, 104
monticulus, 189
Terricola, 73
madidus, 103
neglectus, 187
nitidulus, 190
Pterostichus, 96
Stomis, 113
olivaceus, 192
.Ethiops, 103
pumicatus, 113
rufipes, 191
anthracinus, 107
saxatilis, 186
tetraspilotus, 184
aterrimus, 104
brunnipes, 101
Synuchus, 80
vivalis, 80
Itfsafo, 191
cupreus, 97
ustus, 185
dimidiatus, 97
TACHIS, 178
viridi-aeneus, 187
PHILOCTHUS, 179
erythropus, 110
gracilis, 107
inaequalis, 110
rufescens, 178
TACHYPUS, 200
oeneus, 180
lepidus, 98
acutus, 200
224
INDEX.
andrea, 209
bipunctatus, 207
celer, 200
chalceus, 200
chlorophanus, 208
orichalcicm, 200
pallidipennis, 209
properans, 200
striatus, 208
TACHYS, 175
binotatus, 181
gracilis, 177
immunis, 177
maritimus, 176
minutissirmis, 176
obtusus, 177
pusillus,l77
scutellaris, 176
vittatus, 181
TAPHRIA, 80
vivalis, 80
Tarus, 21
angularis, 22
axillaris, 22
ta?, 23
coadnutus, 22
homagricus, 22
humeralis, 21
Itevigatus, 22
macularis, 22
vaporariorum, 23
TENEBRIO, 25
fossor, 25
rostratus, 33
Trechus, 165
aquations, 169
brunnipes, 164
cognatus, 163
i collaris, 164
consputus, 157
discus, 165
dor sails, 158
flamcollis, 160-161
fulvescens, 171
fulvus, 164
fuscipennis, 169
incilis, 168
lapidosus, 168
Iffivis, 169
laticollis, 153
littoralis, 167
longicornis, 167
meridianus, 159
micros, 166
minutus, 169
mYzWw5, 161
obtusus, 169
pallidus, 164
paludosus, 167
parvulus, 158
placidus, 162
Robinii, 171
rubens, 167
rubens, 169
ruficollis, 165
scutellaris, 176
secalis, 170
suturalis, 159
, 169
TRIMORPHUS, 61
confinis, 62
£"rro, 61
scapularis, 62
Zabrus, H5
ffibbus, 116
pigef, 116
THE END.
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
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