Full text of "Title 24, Part 6, 2007 California Energy Code"

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2007 California Energy Code
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6

First Printing: June 2007

ISBN 978-1-58001-550-9

Published by

International Code Council

500 New Jersey Avenue, NW, 6th Floor
Washington, D.C. 20001

1-888-422-7233

California Building Standards Commission

2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130
Sacramento, California 95833-2936

PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.

PREFACE

This document is the 6th of 12 parts of the official triennial compilation and publication of the adoptions, amendments
and repeal of administrative regulations to California Code of Regulations, Title 24, also referred to as the California
Building Standards Code. This part is known as the California Energy Code.

The California Building Standards Code is published in its entirety every three years by order of the California legisla-
ture, with supplements published in intervening years. The California legislature delegated authority to various state
agencies, boards, commissions and departments to create building regulations to implement the State's statutes. These
building regulations, or standards, have the same force of law, and take effect 1 80 days after their publication unless
otherwise stipulated. The California Building Standards Code applies to occupancies in the State of California as anno-
tated.

A city, county, or city and county may establish more restrictive building standards reasonably necessary because of
local climatic, geological or topographical conditions. Findings of the local condition(s) and the adopted local building
standard(s) must be filed with the California Building Standards Commission to become effective and may not be effec-
tive sooner than the effective date of this edition of the California Building Standards Code. Local building standards
that were adopted and applicable to previous editions of the California Building Standards Code do not apply to this
edition without appropriate adoption and the required filing.

Should you fmd publication (e.g., typographical) errors or inconsistencies in this code or wish to offer comments
toward improving its format, please address your comments to:

California Building Standards Commission

2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130

Sacramento, CA 95833-2936

Phone:(916)263-0916
Fax:(916)263-0959

Web Page: www.bsc.ca.gov

For questions on California state agency amendments, please refer to the contact list on page v.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24

California Agency Information Contact List

California Energy Commission

Energy Hotline (800)772-3300

Building Efficiency Standards
Appliance Efficiency Standards
Compliance Manual/Forms

California State Lands Commission

Marine Oil Terminals (562)499-6317

California State Library

Construction Standards (916)445-9604

Corrections Standards Authority

Local Adult Jail Standards (916)324-1914

Local Juvenile Facility Standards (916)324-1914

Department of Consumer Affairs — Acupuncture Board

Office Standards (916)445-3021

Department of Consumer Affairs — Board of Pharmacy

Pharmacy Standards (916)574-7900

Department of Consumer Affairs — Bureau of Barbering
and Cosmetology

Barber and Beauty Shop and

College Standards (916)952-5210

Department of Consumer Affairs — Bureau of Home
Furnishings and Thermal Insulation

Insulation Testing Standards (916)574-2041

Department of Consumer Affairs — Structural Pest
Control Board

Structural Standards (800)737-8188

Department of Consumer Affairs — Veterinary
Medical Board

Veterinary Hospital Standards (916)263-2610

Department of Food and Agriculture

Meat & Poultry Packing Plant Standards . . . (916)654-0509
Dairy Standards (916)654-0773

Department of Health Seryices

Organized Camps Standards (916)449-5661

Public Swimming Pools Standards (916)449-5661

Asbestos Standards (510)620-2874

Department of Housing and Community Deyelopment

Residential — Hotels, Motels, Apartments

Single-Family Dwellings (916)445-9471

Permanent Structures in Mobilehome

and Special Occupancy Parks (916)445-0481

Factory-Built Housing, Manufactured

Housing and Commercial Modular .... (916)445-3338
Mobile Homes — Permits & Inspections

Northern Region (916)255-2501

Southern Region (951)782-4420

Employee Housing Standards (916)445-9471

Department of Water Resources

Gray Water Installations Standards (916)651-9667

Diyision of the State Architect — Access Compliance

Access Compliance Standards (916)445-8100

Diyision of the State Architect — Structural Safety

Public Schools Standards (916)445-8100

Essential Services Building Standards .... (916)445-8100

Diyision of the State Architect — State Historical
Building Safety Board

Ahernative Building Standards (916)445-8100

Office of Statewide Health Planning and Deyelopment

Hospital Standards (916)654-3139

SkilledNursing Facility Standards (916)654-3139

Clinic Standards (916)654-3139

Permits (916)654-3362

Office of the State Fire Marshal

Code Development and Analysis (916)445-8200

Fire Safety Standards (916)445-8200

Fireplace Standards (916)445-8200

Day Care Centers Standards (916)445-8200

ExitStandards (916)445-8200

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

HOW TO DETERMINE WHERE
CHANGES HAVE BEEN MADE

Symbols in the margins indicate where changes have been
made or language has been deleted.

This symbol indicates that a change has been made.
> This symbol indicates deletion of language.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUBCHAPTER 1 ALL OCCUPANCIES-
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section

100 Scope 1

101 Definitions and Rules of Construction 3

102 Calculation of Time Dependent

Valuation (TDV) Energy 15

103 Reserved 15

104 Reserved 15

105 Reserved 15

106 Reserved 15

107 Reserved 15

108 Reserved 15

109 Reserved 15

SUBCHAPTER! ALL OCCUPANCIES-
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE, CONSTRUCTION AND
INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT
AND BUILDING COMPONENTS 17

Section

110 Systems and Equipment — General 17

1 1 1 Mandatory Requirements for Appliances
Regulated by the Appliance Efficiency
Regulations 17

112 Mandatory Requirements for
Space-Conditioning Equipment 17

113 Mandatory Requirements for Service
Water-heating Systems and Equipment 26

114 Mandatory Requirements for Pool and

Spa Heating Systems and Equipment 27

115 Natural Gas Central Furnaces, Cooking
Equipment, and Pool and Spa Heaters:

Pilot Lights Prohibited 27

116 Mandatory Requirements for Fenestration
Products and Exterior Doors 28

117 Mandatory Requirements for Joints and

Other Openings 29

118 Mandatory Requirements for Insulation and

Cool Roofs 29

119 Mandatory Requirements for Lighting

Control Devices 32

SUBCHAPTER 3 NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE
RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL
OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY
REQUIREMENTS FOR SPACE-CONDITIONING
AND SERVICE WATER-HEATING SYSTEMS
AND EQUIPMENT 35

Section

120 Space-conditioning and Service Water-heating
Systems and Equipment — General 35

121 Requirements for Ventilation 35

122 Required Controls for Space-conditioning
Systems 37

123 Requirements for Pipe Insulation 38

124 Requirements for Air Distribution System

Ducts and Plenums 39

125 Required Nonresidential Mechanical System
Acceptance 40

126 Reserved 41

127 Reserved 41

128 Reserved 41

129 Reserved 41

SUBCHAPTER 4 NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE
RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL
OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY
REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHTING SYSTEMS
AND EQUIPMENT 43

Section

130 Lighting Controls and Equipment —

General 43

131 Indoor Lighting Controls that Shall

be Installed 43

132 Outdoor Lighting Controls and Equipment 45

133 Reserved 45

134 Reserved 45

135 Reserved 45

136 Reserved 46

137 Reserved 46

138 Reserved 46

139 Reserved 46

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTER 5 NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE
RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL
OCCUPANCIES— PERFORMANCE AND
PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY. ... 47

Section

140 Choice of Performance and Prescriptive
Approaches 47

141 Performance Approach: Energy Budgets 47

142 Prescriptive Approach 49

143 Prescriptive Requirements for

Building Envelopes 49

144 Prescriptive Requirements for
Space-conditioning Systems 57

145 Prescriptive Requirements for Service
Water-heating Systems 62

146 Prescriptive Requirements for Indoor

Lighting 63

147 Requirements for Outdoor Lighting 71

148 Requirements for Signs 74

SUBCHAPTER 6 NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE
RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL
OCCUPANCIES— ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS
AND REPAIRS 75

Section

149 Additions, Alterations and Repairs to
Existing Buildings that Will be Nonresidential,
High-rise Residential and Hotel/Motel
Occupancies and to Existing Outdoor Lighting
for these Occupancies and to Internally and
Externally Illuminated Signs 75

SUBCHAPTER 7 LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS— MANDATORY FEATURES AND
DEVICES 79

Section

150 Mandatory Features and Devices 79

SUBCHAPTER 8 LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND
PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE
APPROACHES 85

Section

151 Performance and Prescriptive Compliance
Approaches 85

SUBCHAPTER 9 LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL

BUILDINGS— ADDITIONS AND ALTERATIONS
IN EXISTING LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS 91

Section

152 Energy Efficiency Standards for Additions
and Alterations in Existing Buildings that
Will Be Low-rise Residential Occupancies

APPENDIX 1-A STANDARDS AND DOCUMENTS
REFERENCED IN THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY
REGULATIONS 95

HISTORY NOTE APPENDIX 99

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTER 1

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 100
SCOPE

(a) Buildings covered. The provisions of Title 24, Part 6,
apply to all buildings:

1. That are of Occupancy Group A, B, E, F, H, M, R, S or
U;and

2. For which an application for a building permit or
renewal of an existing permit is filed (or is required by
law to be filed) on or after the effective date of the pro-
visions, or which are constructed by a governmental
agency; and

3. That are:

A. Unconditioned, indirectly or directly conditioned by
mechanical heating or mechanical cooling or pro-
cess spaces; or

B. Low-rise residential buildings that are heated with a
wood heater or another nonmechanical heating
system.

Exception 1 to Section 100 (a): Qualified historic
buildings as defined in the State Historical Build-
ing Code (Title 24, Part 8).

Exception 2 to Section 100 (a): Building depart-
ments, at their discretion, may exempt temporary
buildings, temporary outdoor lighting or tempo-
rary lighting in an unconditioned building, or
structures erected in response to a natural disaster.
Temporary buildings or structures shall be com-
pletely removed upon the expiration of the time
limit stated in the permit.

(b) Parts of buildings regulated. The provisions of Title 24,
Part 6, apply to the building envelope, space-conditioning sys-
tems, water-heating systems and indoor lighting systems of
buildings, and outdoor lighting systems and signs located
either indoors or outdoors that are covered by Section 100 (a)
as set forth in Table 100-A.

1. Only habitable floors that have at least 50 percent of
their volume above grade as defined in the CBC shall be
counted in determining how many habitable stories a
building has.

2. All conditioned space in a floor shall comply with Title
24, Part 6, whether or not the floor is above grade and
whether or not it is habitable.

(d) Outdoor lighting and indoor and outdoor signs. The

provisions of Title 24, Part 6, apply to outdoor lighting systems
and to signs located either indoors or outdoors as set forth in
Table 100-A.

(e) Sections applicable to particular buildings. Table
100-A and this subsection list the provisions of Title 24, Part 6,

that are applicable to different types of buildings covered by
Section 100 (a).

1. All buildings. Sections 100 through 119 apply to all
buildings.

2. Newly constructed buildings.

A. All newly constructed buildings. Sections 110
through 119 apply to all newly constructed buildings
within the scope of Section 100 (a). In addition,
newly constructed buildings shall meet the require-
ments of B, C or D, as applicable.

B. Nonresidential, high-rise residential and hotel/
motel buildings that are mechanically heated or
mechanically cooled.

i. Sections applicable. Sections 120 through 147
apply to newly constructed nonresidential build-
ings, high-rise residential buildings and
hotels/motels that are mechanically heated or
mechanically cooled.

ii. Compliance approaches. In order to comply
with Title 24, Part 6, newly constructed nonresi-
dential buildings, high-rise residential buildings
and hotels/motels that are mechanically heated
or mechanically cooled must meet the require-
ments of:

a. Mandatory measures: The applicable provi-
sions of Sections 120 through 139; and

b. Either:

Performance approach: Section 141; or

Prescriptive approach: Sections 142 through
148.

C. Unconditioned nonresidential buildings and pro-
cess spaces. Sections 119, 130 through 132, 143 (c),
146, 147 and 148 apply to all newly constructed
unconditioned buildings and process spaces within
the scope of Section 100 (a).

D. Low-rise residential buildings.

i. Sections applicable. Sections 150 through 151
apply to newly constructed low-rise residential
buildings.

ii. Compliance approaches. To comply with Title
24, Part 6, newly constructed low-rise residen-
tial buildings must meet the requirements of:

a. Mandatory measures: The applicable provi-
sions of Sections 110 through 119, and 150;
and

b. Either:

Performance approach: Section 151 (a)
through (e); or

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Prescriptive approach: Sections 151 (a) and

Exception 1 to Section 100 (e) 2 D (ii) (b): Sea-
sonally occupied agricultural housing limited by
state or federal agency contract to occupancy not
more than 1 80 days in any calendar year.

Exception 2 to Section 100 (e) 2 D (ii) (b):

Low-rise residential buildings that are heated with
a wood heater or another nonmechanical heating
system and that use no energy obtained from
depletable sources for lighting or water heating.

New construction in existing buildings.

A. Nonresidential, high-rise residential and

hotel/motel buildings. Section 149 applies to new
construction in existing buildings that will be non-
residential, high-rise residential and hotel/motel
occupancies.

B. Low-rise residential buildings. Section 152
applies to new construction in existing buildings that
will be low-rise residential occupancies.

Installation of insulation in existing buildings. Sec-
tion 118 (d) applies to buildings in which insulation is
being installed in existing attics, or on existing water
heaters or existing space conditioning ducts.

Outdoor lighting. Sections 119, 130, 132, 147andl50
apply to newly constructed outdoor lighting systems,
and Section 149 applies to outdoor lighting additions
and alterations.

6. Signs. Sections 130, 132 and 148 apply to newly con-
structed signs located either indoors or outdoors, and
Section 149 applies to sign alterations located either
indoors or outdoors.

(f) Mixed occupancy. When a building is designed and con-
structed for more than one type of occupancy, the space for
each occupancy shall meet the provisions of Title 24, Part 6,
applicable to that occupancy.

Exception to Section 100 (f): If one occupancy constitutes
at least 90 percent of the conditioned floor area of the build-
ing, the entire building may comply with the provisions of
Title 24, Part 6 applicable to that occupancy, provided that
the applicable mandatory measures in Sections 110 through
139, and 150, are met for each occupancy.

(g) Administrative requirements. Administrative require-
ments relating to permit requirements, enforcement by the
Commission, locally adopted energy standards, interpreta-
tions, claims of exemption, approved calculation methods,
rights of appeal, and certification and labeling requirements of
fenestration products and roofing products are specified in Cal-
ifornia Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 1, Sections 10-101
to 10-114.

(h) Certification requirements for manufactured
devices. Title 24, Part 6, limits the installation of the following
manufactured devices to those that have been certified by their
manufacturer to meet or exceed minimum specifications or
efficiencies by the Commission.

1 . Central air-conditioning heat pumps and other central
air conditioners (Sections 111 and 112).

TABLE 100-A— APPLICATION OF STANDARDS

OCCUPANCIES

APPLICATION

MANDATORY

PRESCRIPTIVE

PERFORMANCE ADDITIONS/ALTERATIONS

General Provisions

100, 101, 102,

110, ill

Nonresidential,
High-rise
Residential and
Hotels/Motels

General

140

142

141

149

Envelope (conditioned)

116, 117,118

143

Envelope (unconditioned,
process spaces)

143 (c)

HVAC (conditioned)

112, 115, 120-125

144

Water Heating (conditioned)

113,123

145

Indoor Lighting (conditioned,
process spaces)

119, 130, 131

143 (c), 146

Indoor Lighting (unconditioned)

119, 130, 131

143 (c), 146

N.A.

Outdoor Lighting

119,130,132

147

Signs

Indoor and Outdoor

130, 132

148

Low-rise
Residential

General

150

151 (a,t)

151(a-e)

152

Envelope (conditioned)

116, 117, 118, 150 (a-g, 1)

HVAC (conditioned)

112, 115, 150(h, i, m)

Water heating (conditioned)

113, 150 (j)

Indoor Lighting (conditioned
and parking garages)

119(d), 150 (k)

Outdoor Lighting

119(d), 150 (k)

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

2. Combination equipment: space heating and cooling, or
space heating and water heating [Section 112 (a) 3].

3. Fenestration products (Section 116).

4. Fluorescent lamp ballasts (Section 111).

5. Gas space heaters (Sections 111 and 112).

6. Insulating materials and cool roofs (Section 118).

7. Lighting control devices (Section 119).

8. Oil fired storage water heaters (Section 113).

9. Other heating and cooling equipment (Sections 111 and
112).

10. Plumbing fittings (Section 111).

11. Pool heaters (Section 114).

12. Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers (Sec-
tion 111).

13. Room air conditioners (Section 111).

14. Slab floor perimeter insulation [Section 150 (1)].

15. Water heaters (Section 113).

The certification status of any such manufactured device
may be confirmed only by reference to:

1 . A directory published or approved by the Commission;
or

2. A copy of the application for certification from the man-
ufacturer and the letter of acceptance from the Commis-
sion staff; or

3. Written confirmation from the publisher of a Commis-
sion-approved directory that a device has been certified;
or

4. A Commission-approved label on the device.

Note: Title 24, Part 6, does not require a builder,
designer, owner, operator or enforcing agency to test
any certified device to determine its compliance with
minimum specifications or efficiencies adopted by the
Commission.

SECTION 101
DEFINITIONS AND RULES OF CONSTRUCTION

(a) Rules of Construction.

1. Where the context requires, the singular includes the
plural and the plural includes the singular.

2. The use of "and" in a conjunctive provision means that
all elements in the provision must be complied with or
must exist to make the provision applicable. Where
compliance with one or more elements suffices, or
where existence of one or more elements makes the pro-
vision applicable, "or" (rather than "and/or") is used.

3. "Shall" is mandatory and "may" is permissive.

(b) Definitions. Terms, phrases, words and their derivatives
in Title 24, Part 6, shall be defined as specified in Section 101.
Terms, phrases, words and their derivatives not found in Sec-
tion 101 shall be defined as specified in Title 24, Part 2, Chapter
2 of the California Code of Regulations. Terms, phrases, words
and their derivatives not found in either Title 24, Part 6, or
Chapter 2 shall be defined as specified in Title 24, Part 2, Chap-
ter 2 of the California Building Code. Where terms, phrases,
words and their derivatives are not defined in any of the refer-

ences above, they shall be defined as specified in Webster's
Third New International Dictionary of the English Language,
Unabridged {\9E1 edition), unless the context requires other-
wise.

ACCA is the Air-conditioning Contractors of America.

ACCA MANUAL J is the Air-Conditioning Contractors of
America document entitled "Manual J-Residential Load Cal-
culation, Eighth Edition." (2003)

ACCEPTANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR CODE COM-
PLIANCE is a description of test procedures in the Nonresi-
dential ACM Manual that includes equipment and systems to
be tested, functions to be tested, conditions under which the
test shall be performed, the scope of the tests, results to be
obtained and measurable criteria for acceptable performance.

ACCENT (LIGHT) is a directional luminaire designed to
highlight or spotlight objects. It can be recessed, surface
mounted, or mounted to a pendant, stem or track.

ACCESSIBLE is having access thereto, but which first may
require removal or opening of access panels, doors or similar
obstructions.

ADDITION is any change to a building that increases condi-
tioned floor area and conditioned volume. See also, "newly
conditioned space." Addition is also any change that increases
the floor area or volume of an unconditioned building of an
occupancy group or type regulated by Part 6. Addition is also
any change that increases the illuminated area of an outdoor
lighting application regulated by Part 6.

AGRICULTURAL BUILDING is a structure designed and
constructed to house farm implements, hay, grain, poultry,
livestock or other horticultural products. It is not a structure
that is a place of human habitation, a place of employment
where agricultural products are processed, treated or pack-
aged, or a place used by the public.

AIR-TO-AIR HEAT EXCHANGER is a device which will
reduce the heat losses or gains which occur when a building is
mechanically ventilated, by transferring heat between the con-
ditioned air being exhausted and the unconditioned air being
supplied.

ALTERATION is any change to a building's water-heating
system, space-conditioning system, lighting system or enve-
lope that is not an addition. Alteration is also any change to an
outdoor lighting system that is regulated by Part 6 that is not an
addition. Alteration is also any change to signs located either
indoors or outdoors that is regulated by Part 6.

ALTERNATIVE CALCULATION METHODS (ACMs)

are the commission's Public Domain Computer Programs, one
of the commission's Simplified Calculation Methods or any
other calculation method approved by the commission.

ALTERNATIVE CALCULATION METHOD
APPROVAL MANUAL or ACM MANUAL is the Alterna-
tive Calculation Method (ACM) Approval Manual for the
2005 Energy Efficiency Standards for Nonresidential Build-
ings, (P400-03-001F) for nonresidential buildings, hotels and
multifamily residential buildings with four or more stories and
the Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Approval Manual
for the 2005 Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Buildings, (P400-03-003) for all single family and low-rise
multifamily residential buildings.

ANNUAL FUEL UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY (AFUE) is

a measure of the percentage of heat from the combustion of gas
or oil which is transferred to the space being heated during a
year, as determined using the applicable test method in the
Appliance Efficiency Regulations or Section 112.

ANNUNCIATED is a type of visual signaling device that indi-
cates the on, off, or other status of a load.

ANSI is the American National Standards Institute.

ANSI Z2L10.3 is the American National Standards Institute
document entitled "Gas Water Heaters, Volume I, Storage
Water Heaters with input ratings above 75,000 Btu per hour,"
2001. (ANSI Z21. 10.3-2001)

ANSI Z21.13 is the American National Standards Institute
document entitled "Gas-Fired Low Pressure Steam and Hot
Water Boilers," 2000. (ANSI Z2 1.1 3-2000)

ANSI Z21.40.4 is the American National Standards Institute
document entitled "Performance Testing and Rating of
Gas-Fired, Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Appliances,"
1996 (ANSI Z21.40.4-1996)

ANSI Z21.47 is the American National Standards Institute
document entitled "Gas-Fired Central Furnaces," 2001 (ANSI
Z21.47-2001)

ANSI Z83.8 is the American National Standards Institute doc-
ument entitled "Gas Unit Heaters and Gas-Fired Duct Fur-
naces," 2002 (ANSI Z83.8-2002)

APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY REGULATIONS are the

regulations in Title 20, Sections 1601 et seq. of the California
Code of Regulations.

APPROVED BY THE COMMISSION means approval
under Section 25402.1 of the Public Resources Code.

APPROVED CALCULATION METHOD (See "alternative
calculation methods.")

ARI is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute.

ARI 210/240 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Insti-
tute document entitled "Unitary Air-Conditioning and
Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment," 2003. (ARI
210/240-2003)

ARI 310/380 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Insti-
tute document entitled "Packaged Terminal Air-Conditioners
and Heat Pumps," 1993. (ARI 310/380-93)

ARI 320 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
document entitled "Water-Source Heat Pumps," 1998. (ARI
320-98)

ARI 325 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
document entitled "Ground Water-Source Heat Pumps," 1998.
(ARI 325-98)

ARI 340/360 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Insti-
tute document entitled "Commercial and Industrial Unitary
Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment," 2000. (ARI
340/360-2000)

ARI 365 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
document entitled, "Commercial and Industrial Unitary
Air-Conditioning Condensing Units," 2002. (ARI 365-2002)

ARI 460 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
document entitled "Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled
Refrigerant Condensers," 2000. (ARI 460-2000)

ARI 550/590 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Insti-
tute document entitled "Standard for Water Chilling Packages
Using the Vapor Compression Cycle," 1998. (ARI
550/590-98)

ARI 560 is the Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
document entitled "Absorption Water Chilling and Water
Heating Packages," 2000. (ARI 560-2000)

ASHRAE is the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating
and Air-conditioning Engineers.

ASHRAE CLIMATIC DATA FOR REGION X is the Amer-
ican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning
Engineers document entitled "ASHRAE Climatic Data for
Region X, Arizona, California, Hawaii and Nevada," Publica-
tion SPCDX, 1982 and "Supplement," 1994.

ASHRAE HANDBOOK, APPLICATIONS VOLUME is

the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-condi-
tioning Engineers document entitled "ASHRAE Handbook:
Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Applications."
(2003)

ASHRAE HANDBOOK, EQUIPMENT VOLUME is the

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-condi-
tioning Engineers document entitled "ASHRAE Handbook:
Heating, Ventilating, and Air-conditioning Systems and
Equipment." (2000)

ASHRAE HANDBOOK, FUNDAMENTALS VOLUME is

the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-condi-
tioning Engineers document entitled "ASHRAE Handbook:
Fundamentals." (2001)

ASHRAE 55 is the American Society of Heating, Refrigerat-
ing and Air-conditioning Engineers document entitled "Ther-
mal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy," 1992.
(ASHRAE Standard 55-1992)

ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

ASTM is the American Society for Testing and Materials.

ASTM C 55 is the American Society for Testing and Materials
document entitled "Standard Specification for Concrete
Brick," 2001. (ASTM C 55-01)

ASTM C 177 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Steady-State
Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Proper-
ties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus," 1997.
(ASTMC 177-97)

ASTM C 272 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Water
Absorption of Core Materials for Structural Sandwich Con-
structions," 2001. (ASTM C 272-01)

ASTM C 335 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Steady-State

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal Pipe Insulation," 1995.
(ASTMC 335-95)

ASTM C 518 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Steady-State
Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow
Meter Apparatus," 2002. (ASTM C 518-02)

ASTM C 731 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Extrudability,
After Package Aging of Latex Sealants," 2000. (ASTM
C 731-00)

ASTM C 732 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Aging Effects
of Artificial Weathering on Latex Sealants," 2001. (ASTM
C 732-01)

ASTM C 836 is the American Society of Testing and Materials
document entitled, "Standard Specification for High solids
Content, cold Liquid-Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing
Membrane for Use with Separate Wearing Course," 2005.
(ASTMC 836-05)

ASTM C 1167 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Specification for Clay Roof
Tiles," 1996. (ASTM C 1167-96)

ASTM C 1371 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Determina-
tion of Emittance of Materials Near Room Temperature Using
Portable Emissometers," 1998. (ASTM C 1371-98)

ASTM C 1583 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Test Method for Tensile
Strength of Concrete Surfaces and the Bond Strength or Tensile
Strength of Concrete Repair and Overlay Materials by Direct
Tension" Pull-off Method )," 2004. (ASTM C 1583-04)

ASTM D 522 is the American Society of Testing and Materials
document entitled, "Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend
Test of Attached Organic Coatings," 2001. [ASTM D 522-93a
(2001)]

ASTM D 822 is the American Society of Testing and Materials
document entitled, "Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame
Carbon- Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings," 2001.
(ASTM D 822-01)

ASTM D 1003 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Haze and
Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics," 2000.
(ANSI/ASTMD 1003-00)

ASTM D 1653 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor
Transmission of Organic Coating Films," 2003. (ASTM
D 1653-03)

ASTM D 2370 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Test Method for Tensile Prop-
erties of Organic Coatings," 2002. [ASTM D 2370-98 (2002)]

ASTM D 2824 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Specification for Alumi-
num-Pigmented Asphalt Roof Coatings, Nonfibered, Asbestos
Fibered, and Fibered without Asbestos," 2002. (ASTM
D 2824-02)

ASTM D 3468 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Specification for Liq-
uid-Applied Neoprene and Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene
Used in Roofing and Waterproofing," 1999. (ASTM
D 3468-99)

ASTM D 3805 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Guide for Application of Alu-
minum-Pigmented Asphalt Roof Coatings," 1997. [ASTM
D 3805-97 (reapproved 2003)]

ASTM D 5870 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Practice for Calculating Prop-
erty Retention Index of Plastics," 2003. [ASTM D 5870-95
(2003)]

ASTM D 6083 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Specification for Liquid
Applied Acrylic Coating Used in Roofing," 2005. (ASTM
D6083-05el)

ASTM D 6694 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Specification for
Liquid-Applied Silicone Coating Used in Spray Polyurethane
Foam Roofing," 2001. (ASTM D 6694-01)

ASTM D 6848 is the American Society of Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Specification for Alumi-
num-Pigmented Emulsified Asphalt Used as a Protective
Coating for Roofing," 2002. (ASTM D 6848-02)

ASTM D 4798 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Accelerated
Weathering Test Conditions and Procedures for Bituminous
Materials (Xenon- Arc Method)," 2001. (ASTM D 4798-01)

ASTM E 96 is the American Society for Testing and Materials
document entitled "Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor
Transmission of Materials," 2000. (ASTM E 96-00)

ASTM E 283 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled "Standard Test Method for Determining
the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain
Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across
the Specimen," 1991. [ASTM E 283-91(1999)]

ASTM E 408 is the American Society for Testing and Materi-
als document entitled, "Standard Test Methods for Total Nor-
mal Emittance of Surfaces Using Inspection-Meter
Techniques," 1971. [ASTM E 408-71(2002)]

ATRIUM is a large-volume space created by openings con-
necting two or more stories and is used for purposes other than
an enclosed stairway, an elevator, hoistway, an escalator open-
ing, or as a utility shaft for plumbing, electrical, air-condition-
ing or other equipment, and is not a mall.

AUTOMATIC is capable of operating without human inter-
vention.

AUTOMATIC MULTILEVEL DAYLIGHTING CON-
TROL is a multilevel lighting control that automatically
reduces lighting in multiple steps or continuous dimming in
response to available daylight. This control uses one or more
photosensors to detect changes in daylight illumination and
then change the electric lighting level in response to the day-
light changes.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

AUTOMATIC TIME SWITCH CONTROL DEVICES are

devices capable of automatically turning loads off and on based
on time schedules.

BATHROOM is a room containing a shower, tub, toilet or a
sink that is used for personal hygiene.

BELOW-GRADE WALL is the portion of a wall, enclosing
conditioned space, that is below the grade line.

BUILDING is any structure or space for which a permit is
sought.

BUILDING ENVELOPE is the ensemble of exterior and
demising partitions of a building that enclose conditioned
space.

CALIFORNIA ELECTRICAL CODE is the 2007 Califor-
nia Electrical Code.

CAPTIVE-KEY OVERRIDE is a type of lighting control in
which the key that activates the override cannot be released
when the lights are in the on position.

CBC is the 2001 California Building Code.

CERTIFYING ORGANIZATION is an independent organi-
zation recognized by the commission to certify manufactured
devices for performance values in accordance with procedures
adopted by the commission.

CHANDELIERS (See "ornamental chandeliers.")

CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM (See "space-conditioning
system.")

CLIMATE ZONES are the 16 geographic areas of California
for which the commission has established typical weather data,
prescriptive packages and energy budgets. Climate zone
boundary descriptions are in the document "California Climate
Zone Descriptions" (July 1995), incorporated herein by refer-
ence. Figure 101-A is an approximate map of the 16 climate
zones.

CMC is the 2001 California Mechanical Code.

COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE (COP), COOL-

INQ is the ratio of the rate of net heat removal to the rate of
total energy input, calculated under designated operating con-
ditions and expressed in consistent units, as determined using
the applicable test method in the Appliance Efficiency Regula-
tions or Section 112.

COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE (COP), HEAT-
ING, is the ratio of the rate of net heat output to the rate of total
energy input, calculated under designated operating conditions
and expressed in consistent units, as determined using the
applicable test method in the Appliance Efficiency Regulations
or Section 112.

COMMISSION is the California State Energy Resources
Conservation and Development Commission.

COMPLETE BUILDING is an entire building with one
occupancy making up 90 percent of the floor area (see also
"entire building").

CONDITIONED FLOOR AREA (CFA) is the floor area (in
square feet) of enclosed conditioned space on all floors of a
building, as measured at the floor level of the exterior surfaces
of exterior walls enclosing the conditioned space.

CONDITIONED SPACE is space in a building that is either
directly conditioned or indirectly conditioned.

CONDITIONED VOLUME is the total volume (in cubic
feet) of the conditioned space within a building.

CONTINUOUS DIMMING is a lighting control method that
is capable of varying the light output of lamps over a continu-
ous range from full light output to minimum light output.

COOL ROOF is a roofing material with high thermal emit-
tance and high solar reflectance, or low thermal emittance and
exceptionally high solar reflectance as specified in Section 118
(i) that reduces heat gain through the roof

COOLING EQUIPMENT is equipment used to provide
mechanical cooling for a room or rooms in a building.

CRAWL SPACE is a space immediately under the first floor
of a building adjacent to grade.

CRRC-1 is the Cool Roof Rating Council document entitled
"Product Rating Program Manual."

CTI is the Cooling Tower Institute.

CTI ATC-105 is the Cooling Tower histitute document enti-
tled "Acceptance Test Code for Water Cooling Towers," 2000.
(CTIATC-105-00)

CTI STD-201 is the Cooling Tower Institute document enti-
tled "Certification Standard for Commercial Water Cooling
Towers," 2002. (CTI STD-201-02)

C- VALUE (also known as C-factor) is the time rate of heat
flow through unit area of a body induced by a unit temperature
difference between the body surfaces, in Btu (hr x ft^ x °F). It is
not the same as K-value or K-factor.

DAYLIT AREA is the floor area that is illuminated by daylight
through vertical glazing or skylights as specified in Section
131(c).

DECORATIVE GAS APPLIANCE is a gas appliance that is
designed or installed for visual effect only, cannot bum solid
wood, and simulates a fire in a fireplace.

DEGREE DAY, HEATING, is a unit, based upon temperature
difference and time, used in estimating fuel consumption and
specifying nominal annual heating load of a building. For any
one day, when the mean temperature is less than 65°F, there
exist as many degree days as there are Fahrenheit degrees dif-
ference in temperature between the mean temperature for the
day and 65°F. The number of degree days for specific geo-
graphical locations are those listed in the Residential Manual.
For those localities not listed in the Residential Manual, the
number of degree days is as detennined by the applicable
enforcing agency.

DEMISING PARTITIONS are barriers that separate condi-
tioned space from enclosed unconditioned space.

DEMISING WALL is a wall that is a demising partition.

DESIGN CONDITIONS are the parameters and conditions
used to determine the perfonnance requirements of space-con-
ditioning systems. Design conditions for determining design
heating and cooling loads are specified in Section 144 (b) for
nonresidential, high-rise residential, and hotel/motel buildings
and in Section 150 (h) for low-rise residential buildings.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

DESIGN HEAT GAIN RATE is the total calculated heat gain
through the building envelope under design conditions.

DESIGN HEAT LOSS RATE is the total calculated heat loss
through the building envelope under design conditions.

DIRECTLY CONDITIONED SPACE is an enclosed space
that is provided with wood heating, is provided with mechani-
cal heating that has a capacity exceeding 10 Btu (hr x ft"), or is
provided with mechanical cooling that has a capacity exceed-
ing 5 Btu (hr X ft^), unless the space-conditioning system is
designed for a process space. (See "Process space.")

DISPLAY LIGHTING is lighting confmed to the area of a
display that provides a higher level of illuminance than the
level of surrounding ambient illuminance.

DISPLAY PERIMETER is the length of an exterior wall in a
Group B; Group F, Division 1; or Group M Occupancy that
immediately abuts a public sidewalk, measured at the sidewalk
level for each story that abuts a public sidewalk.

DUAL-GLAZED GREENHOUSE WINDOWS are a type
of dual-glazed fenestration product which adds conditioned
volume but not conditioned floor area to a building.

DUCT SEALING is a procedure for installing a space-condi-
tioning distribution system that minimizes leakage of air from
or to the distribution system. Minimum specifications for
installation procedures, materials, diagnostic testing and field
verification are contained in the Residential and Nonresiden-
tial ACM Approval Manuals.

EAST-FACING is oriented to within 45 degrees of true east,
including 45°00'00" south of east (SE), but excluding
45°00'00" north of east (NE).

ECONOMIZER, AIR, is a ducting arrangement and auto-
matic control system that allows a cooling supply fan system to
supply outside air to reduce or eliminate the need for mechani-
cal cooling.

ECONOMIZER, WATER, is a system by which the supply
air of a cooling system is cooled directly or indirectly by evapo-
ration of water, or other appropriate fluid, in order to reduce or
eliminate the need for mechanical cooling.

EFFECTIVE APERTURE (EA) is the extent that vertical
glazing or skylights are effective for providing daylighting.
The effective aperture for vertical glazing is specified in
Exception 1 to Section 131 (c). The effective aperture for sky-
lights is specified in Section 146 (a) 4 E.

EFFICACY, LAMP is the quotient of rated initial lamp
lumens divided by the rated lamp power (watts), without
including auxiliaries such as ballasts, measured at 25°C
according to lESNA and ANSI Standards.

EFFICACY, LIGHTING SYSTEM is the quotient of rated
initial lamp lumens measured at 25°C according to lESNA and
ANSI Standards times the ballast factor, divided by the input
power (watts) to the ballast or other auxiliary device (e.g.,
transformer); expressed in lumens per watt.

ELECTRONICALLY-COMMUTATED MOTOR is a

brushless DC motor with a permanent magnet rotor that is sur-
rounded by stationary motor windings, and an electronic con-

troller that varies rotor speed and direction by sequentially sup-
plying DC current to the windings.

EMITTANCE, THERMAL is the ratio of the radiant heat
flux emitted by a sample to that emitted by a blackbody radiator
at the same temperature.

ENCLOSED SPACE is space that is substantially surrounded
by solid surfaces.

ENERGY BUDGET is the maximum amount of Time
Dependent Valuation (TDV) energy that a proposed building,
or portion of a building, can be designed to consume, calcu-
lated with the approved procedures specified in Title 24, Part 6.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO (EER) is the ratio of net
cooling capacity (in Btu/hr) to total rate of electrical energy (in
watts), of a cooling system under designated operating condi-
tions, as determined using the applicable test method in the
Appliance Efficiency Regulations or Section 112.

ENERGY FACTOR (EF) is the ratio of energy output to
energy consumption of a water heater, expressed in equivalent
units, under designated operating conditions over a 24-hour
use cycle, as determined using the applicable test method in the
Appliance Efficiency Regulations.

ENERGY OBTAINED FROM DEPLETABLE SOURCES

is electricity purchased from a public utility, or any energy
obtained from coal, oil, natural gas or liquefied petroleum
gases.

ENERGY OBTAINED FROM NONDEPLETABLE
SOURCES is energy that is not energy obtained from
depletable sources.

ENFORCEMENT AGENCY is the city, county or state
agency responsible for issuing a building permit.

ENTIRE BUILDING is the ensemble of all enclosed space in
a building, including the space for which a permit is sought,
plus all existing conditioned and unconditioned space within
the structure.

ENVELOPE means "building envelope."

EXFILTRATION is uncontrolled outward air leakage from
inside a building, including leakage through cracks and inter-
stices, around windows and doors, and through any other exte-
rior partition or duct penetration.

EXTERIOR DOOR is a door through an exterior partition
that is opaque or has a glazed area that is less than or equal to
one half of the door area. Doors with a glazed area of more than
one half of the door area are treated as a fenestration product.

EXTERIOR FLOOR/SOFFIT is a horizontal exterior parti-
tion, or a horizontal demising partition, under conditioned
space. For low-rise residential occupancies, exterior floors also
include those on grade.

EXTERIOR PARTITION is an opaque, translucent or trans-
parent solid barrier that separates conditioned space from
ambient air or space that is not enclosed. For low-rise residen-
tial occupancies, exterior partitions also include barriers that
separate conditioned space from unconditioned space, or the
ground.

EXTERIOR ROOF/CEILING is an exterior partition, or a
demising partition, that has a slope less than 60 degrees from

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

horizontal, that has conditioned space below, and that is not an
exterior door or skylight.

EXTERIOR ROOF/CEILING AREA is the area of the exte-
rior surface of exterior roof/ceilings.

EXTERIOR WALL is any wall or element of a wall, or any
member or group of members, which defines the exterior
boundaries or courts of a building and which has a slope of 60
degrees or greater with the horizontal plane. An exterior wall or
partition is not an exterior floor/soffit, exterior door, exterior
roof/ceiling, window, skylight or demising wall.

EXTERIOR WALL AREA is the area of the opaque exterior
surface of exterior walls.

FACTORY ASSEMBLED COOLING TOWERS are cool
ing towers constructed from factory-assembled modules either
shipped to the site in one piece or put together in the field.

FENESTRATION PRODUCT is any transparent or translu-
cent material plus any sash, frame, mullions and dividers, in the
envelope of a building, including, but not limited to, windows,
sliding glass doors, french doors, skylights, curtain walls, gar-
den windows and other doors with a glazed area of more than
one half of the door area.

FENESTRATION SYSTEM is a collection of fenestration
products included in the design of a building. (See "fenestra-
tion product.")

FIELD ERECTED COOLING TOWERS are cooling
towers which are custom designed for a specific application
and which cannot be delivered to a project site in the form of
factory assembled modules due to their size, configuration or
materials of construction.

FIELD-FABRICATED FENESTRATION PRODUCT OR
EXTERIOR DOOR is a fenestration product or exterior door
whose frame is made at the construction site of standard dimen-
sional lumber or other materials that were not previously cut, or
otherwise formed with the specific intention of being used to
fabricate a fenestration product or exterior door. Field fabri-
cated does not include site-built fenestration with a label certif-
icate or products required to have temporary or permanent
labels.

FIREPLACE is a hearth and firechamber or similar prepared
place in which a solid-fuel fire may be burned, as defined in
CBC Section 3102.2 and as further clarified in the CBC fac-
tory-built fireplaces, masonry fireplaces and masonry heaters.

FLOOR/SOFFIT TYPE is a type of floor/soffit assembly
having a specific heat capacity, framing type and U-factor.

FLUX is the rate of energy flow per unit area.

FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT is cooking equip-
ment intended for commercial use, including coffee machines,
espresso coffee makers, conductive cookers, food warmers
including heated food servers, fryers, griddles, nut warmers,
ovens, popcorn makers, steam kettles, ranges and cooking
appliances for use in commercial kitchens, restaurants or other
business establishments where food is dispensed.

FRAMED PARTITION or ASSEMBLY is a partition or
assembly constructed using separate structural members
spaced not more than 32 inches on center.

GAS COOLING EQUIPMENT is cooling equipment that
produces chilled water or cold air using natural gas or liquefied
petroleum gas as the primary energy source.

GAS HEATING SYSTEM is a natural gas or liquefied petro-
leum gas heating system.

GAS LOG is a self-contained, free-standing, open-flame,
gas-burning appliance consisting of a metal frame or base sup-
porting simulated logs, and designed for installation only in a
vented fireplace.

GENERAL LIGHTING is lighting designed to provide a sub-
stantially uniform level of illumination throughout an area,
exclusive of any provision for special visual tasks or decorative
effect. When designed for lower-than-task illuminance used in
conjunction with other specific task lighting systems, it is also
called "ambient" lighting.

GLAZING (See "fenestration product.")

GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY is any public agency or sub-
division thereof, including, but not limited to, any agency of
the state, a county, a city, a district, an association of govern-
ments or a joint power agency.

GROSS EXTERIOR ROOF ARE A is the sum of the skylight
area and the exterior roof/ceiling area.

GROSS EXTERIOR WALL AREA is the sum of the win-
dow area, door area and exterior wall area.

HABITABLE STORY is a story that contains space in which
humans may work or live in reasonable comfort, and that has at
least 50 percent of its volume above grade.

HEAT CAPACITY (HC) is the amount of heat necessary to
raise the temperature of all the components of a unit area in an
assembly by 1 °F. It is calculated as the sum of the average
thickness times the density times the specific heat for each
component, and is expressed in Btu per square foot per °F.

HEAT PUMP is a device that is capable of heating by refriger-
ation, and that may include a capability for cooling.

HEATED SLAB FLOOR is a concrete slab floor or a light-
weight concrete topping slab laid over a raised floor, with
embedded space heating hot water pipes. The heating system
using the heated slab floor is sometimes referred to as radiant
slab floors or radiant heating.

HEATING EQUIPMENT is equipment used to provide
mechanical heating for a room or rooms in a building.

HEATING SEASONAL PERFORMANCE FACTOR
(HSPF) is the total heating output of a heat pump (in Btu) dur-
ing its normal use period for heating divided by the total electri-
cal energy input (in watt-hours) during the same period, as
determined using the applicable test method in the Appliance
Efficiency Regulations.

HI is the Hydronics Institute of the Gas Appliance Manufactur-
ers Association (GAMA).

HI HTG BOILER STANDARD is the Hydronics Institute
document entitled "Testing and Rating Standard for Rating
Boilers," 1989.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING is a building,
other than a hotel/motel, of occupancy Group R, Division 1
with four or more habitable stories.

HORIZONTAL GLAZING (See "skylight ")

HOTEL/MOTEL is a building or buildings incorporating six
or more guest rooms or a lobby serving six or more guest
rooms, where the guest rooms are intended or designed to be
used, or which are used, rented or hired out to be occupied, or
which are occupied for sleeping purposes by guests, and all
conditioned spaces within the same building envelope.
Hotel/motel also includes all conditioned spaces which are (1)
on the same property as the hotel/motel, (2) served by the same
central heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system as the
hotel/motel, and (3) integrally related to the functioning of the
hotel/motel as such, including, but not limited to, exhibition
facilities, meeting and conference facilities, food service facili-
ties, lobbies and laundries.

HVAC SYSTEM (See "space-conditioning system.")

lESNA HB (See "lESNA Lighting Handbook.")

lESNA LIGHTING HANDBOOK is the Illuminating Engi-
neering Society National Association document entitled "The
lESNA Lighting Handbook: Reference and Applications,
Ninth Edition." (2000)

INDIRECTLY CONDITIONED SPACE is enclosed space,
including, but not limited to, unconditioned volume in atria,
that ( 1 ) is not directly conditioned space; and (2) either (a) has a
thermal transmittance area product (UA) to directly condi-
tioned space exceeding that to the outdoors or to unconditioned
space and does not have fixed vents or openings to the outdoors
or to unconditioned space, or (b) is a space through which air
from directly conditioned spaces is transferred at a rate exceed-
ing three air changes per hour.

INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT is manufactured equipment
used in industrial processes.

INFILTRATION is uncontrolled inward air leakage from out-
side a building or unconditioned space, including leakage
through cracks and interstices, around windows and doors, and
through any other exterior or demising partition or pipe or duct
penetration.

INTEGRATED PART LOAD VALUE (IPLV) is a sin-
gle-number figure of merit based on part load EER or COP
expressing part load efficiency for air-conditioning and heat
pump equipment on the basis of weighted operation at various
load capacities for the equipment as determined using the
applicable test method in the Appliance Efficiency Regulations
or Section 112.

ISO 13256-lis the International Organization for Standardiza-
tion document entitled "Water-source heat pumps - Testing and
rating for performance - Part 1 : Water-to-air and brine-to-air
heat pumps," 1998.

ISOLATION DEVICE is a device that prevents the condi-
tioning of a zone or group of zones in a building while other
zones of the building are being conditioned.

KITCHEN in a residential dwelling unit is a room or area used
for cooking, food storage and preparation and washing dishes,
including associated counter tops and cabinets, refrigerator.

stove, ovens and floor area. Adjacent areas are considered
kitchen if the lighting for the adjacent areas is on the same
switch as the lighting for the kitchen.

LOW-RISE ENCLOSED SPACE is an enclosed space
located in a building with three or fewer stories.

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING is a building,
other than a hotel/motel that is of Occupancy Group R, Divi-
sion 1, and is three stories or less, or that is of Occupancy R,
Division 3.

LOW-SLOPED ROOF is a roof that has a ratio of rise to run
of 2:12 or less.

LPG is liquefied petroleum gas.

LUMINAIRE is a complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp
and the parts designed to distribute the light, to position and
protect the lamp, and to connect the lamp to the power supply;
commonly referred to as "lighting fixtures" or "instruments."

MALL BUILDING is a single building enclosing a number of
tenants and occupants wherein two or more tenants have a main
entrance into one or more malls.

MANUAL is capable of being operated by personal interven-
tion.

MANUFACTURED DEVICE is any heating, cooling, venti-
lation, lighting, water heating, refrigeration, cooking, plumb-
ing fitting, insulation, door, fenestration product or any other
appliance, device, equipment or system subj ect to Sections 110
through 119 of Title 24, Part 6.

MANUFACTURED FENESTRATION PRODUCT is a

fenestration product constructed of materials which are factory
cut or otherwise factory formed with the specific intention of
being used to fabricate a fenestration product. A manufactured
fenestration product is typically assembled before delivery to a
job site. However a "knocked-down" or partially assembled
product sold as a fenestration product is also a manufactured
fenestration product when provided with temporary and per-
manent labels as described in Section 10-111; otherwise it is a
site-built fenestration product.

MECHANICAL COOLING is lowering the temperature
within a space using refrigerant compressors or absorbers,
desiccant dehumidifiers or other systems that require energy
from depletable sources to directly condition the space. In non-
residential, high-rise residential and hotel/motel buildings,
cooling of a space by direct or indirect evaporation of water
alone is not considered mechanical cooling.

MECHANICAL HEATING is raising the temperature within
a space using electric resistance heaters, fossil fuel burners,
heat pumps or other systems that require energy from
depletable sources to directly condition the space.

METAL BUILDING is a complete integrated set of mutually
dependent components and assemblies that form a building,
which consists of a steel-framed superstructure and metal skin.
This does not include structural glass or metal panels such as in
a curtainwall system.

MODELING ASSUMPTIONS are the conditions (such as
weather conditions, thennostat settings and schedules, internal
gain schedules, etc.) that are used for calculating a building's

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

annual energy consumption as specified in the Alternative Cal-
culation Methods Manuals.

MOTION SENSOR, LIGHTING; is a device that automati-
cally turns lights off soon after an area is vacated. The term
Motion Sensor applies to a device that controls outdoor light-
ing systems. When the device is used to control indoor lighting
systems, it is termed an occupant sensor. The device also may
be called an occupancy sensor or occupant-sensing device.

MOVABLE SHADING DEVICE (See "operable shading
device.")

MULTILEVEL LIGHTING CONTROL is a lighting con-
trol that reduces lighting power in multiple steps while main-
taining a reasonably uniform level of illuminance throughout
the area controlled.

MULTISCENE DIMMING SYSTEM is a lighting control
device that has the capability of setting light levels throughout
a continuous range, and that has pre-established settings within
the range.

NEWLY CONDITIONED SPACE is any space being con-
verted from unconditioned to directly conditioned or indirectly
conditioned space. Newly conditioned space must comply
with the requirements for an addition. See Section 149 for
nonresidential occupancies and Section 152 for residential
occupancies.

NEWLY CONSTRUCTED BUILDING is a building that
has never been used or occupied for any purpose.

NFRC 100 is the National Fenestration Rating Council docu-
ment entitled "NFRC 100: Procedure for Determining Fenes-
tration Product U-factors." (1997 or November 2002; NFRC
100 includes procedures for site fenestration formerly included
in a separate document, NFRC 100-SB.)'

NFRC 200 is the National Fenestration Rating Council docu-
ment entitled "NFRC 200: Procedure for Determining Fenes-
tration Product Solar Heat Gain Coefficients and Visible
Transmittance at Normal Incidence." (1995 or November
2002)^

NFRC 400 is the National Fenestration Rating Council docu-
ment entitled "NFRC 400: Procedure for Determining Fenes-
tration Product Air Leakage." (1995 or January 2002)^

NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING is any building which is a
Group A, B, E, F, H, M, S or U Occupancy.

Note: Requirements for high-rise residential buildings and
hotels/ motels are included in the nonresidential sections of
Title 24, Part 6.

NONRESIDENTIAL MANUAL is the manual developed by
the commission, under Section 25402.1 (e) of the Public

Resources Code, to aid designers, builders and contractors in
meeting the energy efficiency requirements for nonresidential,
high-rise residential and hotel/motel buildings.

NONSTANDARD PART LOAD VALUE (NPLV) is a sin-
gle-number part-load efficiency figure of merit for chillers ref-
erenced to conditions other than IPLV conditions. (See
"Integrated Part Load Value.")

NORTH-FACING is oriented to within 45 degrees of true
north, including 45°00'00" east of north (NE), but excluding
45° OO'OO" west of north (NW).

OCCUPANCY TYPE is one of the following:

Atria (see "atrium.")

Auditorium is the part of a public building where an audi-
ence sits in fixed seating, or a room, area or building with
fixed seats used for public meetings or gatherings not spe-
cifically for the viewing of dramatic performances.

Auto repair is the portion of a building used to repair auto-
motive equipment and/or vehicles, exchange parts, and may
include work using an open flame or welding equipment.

Civic meeting space is a city council or board of supervi-
sors meeting chamber, courtroom or other official meeting
space accessible to the public.

Classroom, lecture or training is a room or area where an
audience or class receives instruction.

Commercial and industrial storage is a room, area or
building used for storing items.

Convention, conference, multipurpose and meeting cen-
ters is an assembly room, area or building that is used for
meetings, conventions and multiple purposes, including,
but not limited to, dramatic performances, and that has nei-
ther fixed seating nor fixed staging.

Corridor is a passageway or route into which compart-
ments or rooms open.

Dining is a room or rooms in a restaurant or hotel/motel
(other than guest rooms) where meals that are served to the
customers will be consumed.

Dormitory is a building consisting of multiple sleeping
quarters and having interior common areas such as dining
rooms, reading rooms, exercise rooms, toilet rooms, study
rooms, hallways, lobbies, corridors and stairwells, other
than high-rise residential, low-rise residential and hotel/
motel occupancies.

Electrical/mechanical room is a room in which the build-
ing's electrical switchbox or control panels, and/or HVAC
controls or equipment is located.

Either the 1 997 edition or the November 2002 edition may be used for product rating prior to April 1 , 2004. Product ratings authorized by NFRC

prior to April 1 , 2004, are valid for the full certification period. Beginning April 1 , 2004, only the November 2002 edition may be used for new

product rating.

Either the 1995 edition or the November 2002 edition may be used for product rating prior to April 1, 2004. Product ratings authorized by NFRC

prior to April 1 , 2004, are valid for the full certification period. Beginning April 1 , 2004, only the November 2002 edition may be used for new

product rating.

Either the 1995 edition or the January 2002 edition may be used for product rating prior to April 1, 2004. Product ratings authorized by NFRC prior

to April 1, 2004, are valid for the fiill certification period. Beginning April 1, 2004, only the January 2002 edition may be used for new product

rating.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Exercise center/gymnasium is a room or building
equipped for gymnastics, exercise equipment or indoor ath-
letic activities.

Exhibit is a room or area that is used for exhibitions that has
neither fixed seating nor fixed staging.

Financial institution is a public establishment used for
conducting fmancial transactions including the custody,
loan, exchange or issue of money, for the extension of
credit, and for facilitating the transmission of funds.

General commercial and industrial work is a room, area
or building in which an art, craft, assembly or manufactur-
ing operation is performed.

High bay: Luminaires 25 feet or more above the floor.

Low bay: Luminaires less than 25 feet above the floor.

Grocery sales is a room, area or building that has as its pri-
mary purpose the sale of foodstuffs requiring additional
preparation prior to consumption.

Hotel function area is a hotel room or area such as a hotel
ballroom, meeting room, exhibit hall or conference room,
together with prefunction areas and other spaces ancillary to
its function.

Kitchen/food preparation is a room or area with cooking
facilities and/or an area where food is prepared.

Laundry is a place where laundering activities occur.

Library is a repository for literary materials, such as books,
periodicals, newspapers, pamphlets and prints, kept for
reading or reference.

Lobby, Hotel is the contiguous space in a hotel/motel
between the main entrance and the front desk, including
reception, waiting and seating areas.

Lobby, Main entry is the contiguous space in buildings
other than hotel/motel that is directly located by the main
entrance of the building through which persons must pass,
including reception, waiting and seating areas.

Locker/dressing room is a room or area for changing cloth-
ing, sometimes equipped with lockers.

Lounge/recreation is a room used for leisure activities
which may be associated with a restaurant or bar.

Mall is a roofed or covered common pedestrian area within
a mall building that serves as access for two or more tenants.
(See "mall building.")

Medical and clinical care is a room, area or building that

does not provide overnight patient care and that is used to
promote the condition of being sound in body or mind
through medical, dental or psychological examination and
treatment, including, but not limited to, laboratories and
treatment facilities.

Museum is a space in which works of artistic, historical or
scientific value are cared for and exhibited.

Office is a room, area or building of CBC Group B Occu-
pancy other than restaurants.

Parking garage is a covered building or structure for the
purpose of parking vehicles, which consists of at least a roof

over the parking area, often with walls on one or more sides.
Parking garages may have fences or rails in place of one or
more walls. The structure has an entrance(s) and exit(s), and
includes areas for vehicle maneuvering to reach the parking
spaces. If the roof of a parking structure is also used for
parking, the section without an overhead roof is considered
a parking lot instead of a parking garage.

Precision commercial or industrial work is a room, area
or building in which an art, craft, assembly or a manufactur-
ing operation is performed involving visual tasks of small
size or fme detail such as electronic assembly, fine
woodworking, metal lathe operation, fine hand painting and
finishing, egg processing operations or tasks of similar
visual difficulty.

Religious worship is a room, area or building for worship.

Restaurant is a room, area or building that is a food estab-
lishment as defined in Section 27520 of the Health and
Safety Code.

Restroom is a room or suite of rooms providing personal
facilities such as toilets and washbasins.

Retail merchandise sales is a room, area or building in
which the primary activity is the sale of merchandise.

School is a building or group of buildings that is predomi-
nately classrooms and that is used by an organization that
provides instruction to students.

Senior housing is housing other than Occupancy Group I
that is specifically for habitation by seniors, including but
not limited to independent living quarters, and assisted liv-
ing quarters. Commons areas may include dining, reading,
study, library or other community spaces and/or medical
treatment or hospice facilities.

Stairs, active/inactive is a series of steps providing passage
from one level of a building to another.

Support area is a room or area used as a passageway, utility
room, storage space or other type of space associated with or
secondary to the function of an occupancy that is listed in
these regulations.

Tenant lease space is a portion of a building intended for
lease for which a specific tenant is not identified at the time
of pennit application.

Theater, motion picture, is an assembly room, a hall or a
building with tiers of rising seats or steps for the showing of
motion pictures.

Theater, performance, is an assembly room, a hall or a
building with tiers of rising seats or steps for the viewing of
dramatic performances, lectures, musical events and similar
live performances.

Transportation function is the ticketing area, waiting area,
baggage handling areas, concourse or other areas not cov-
ered by primary functions in Table 146-C in an airport ter-
minal, bus or rail terminal or station, subway or transit
station, or a marine terminal.

Vocational room is a room used to provide training in a spe-
cial skill to be pursued as a trade.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Waiting area is an area other than a hotel lobby or main
entry lobby normally provided with seating and used for
people waiting.

Wholesale showroom is a room where samples of mer-
chandise are displayed.

OCCUPANT SENSOR, LIGHTING, is a device that auto-
matically turns lights off soon after an area is vacated. The term
Occupant Sensor applies to a device that controls indoor light-
ing systems. When the device is used to control outdoor light-
ing systems, it is termed a motion sensor. The device also may
be called an occupancy sensor or occupant-sensing device.

OPERABLE SHADING DEVICE is a device at the interior
or exterior of a building or integral with a fenestration product,
which is capable of being operated, either manually or auto-
matically, to adjust the amount of solar radiation admitted to
the interior of the building.

ORNAMENTAL CHANDELIERS are ceiling-mounted,
close-to-ceiling, or suspended decorative luminaires that use
glass, crystal, ornamental metals or other decorative material
and that typically are used in hotels/motels, restaurants or
churches as significant elements in the interior architecture.

OUTDOOR AIR (Outside air) is air taken from outdoors and
not previously circulated in the building.

OUTDOOR LIGHTING definitions include the following:

Building entrance is any operable doorway in or out of a
building, including overhead doors.

Building facade is the exterior surfaces of a building, not
including horizontal roofing, signs and surfaces not visible
from any reasonable viewing location.

Canopy is a permanent structure consisting of a roof and
supporting building elements, with the area beneath at least
partially open to the elements. A canopy may be freestand-
ing or attached to surrounding structures. A canopy roof
may serve as the floor of a structure above.

Hardscape is an improvement to a site that is paved and has
other structural features, including but not limited to, curbs,
plazas, entries, parking lots, site roadways, driveways,
walkways, sidewalks, bikeways, water features and pools,
storage or service yards, loading docks, amphitheaters, out-
door sales lots, and private monuments and statuary.

Landscape lighting is lighting that is recessed into the
ground or paving; mounted on the ground; mounted less
than 42" above grade; or mounted onto trees or trellises, and
that is intended to be aimed only at landscape features.

Lantern is an ornamental outdoor luminaire that uses an
electric lamp to replicate a pre-electric lantern, which used a
flame to generate light.

Lighting zone is a geographic area designated by the Cali-
fornia Energy Commission that determines requirements
for outdoor lighting, including lighting power densities and
specific control, equipment or performance requirements.
Lighting zones are numbered LZl, LZ2, LZ3 and LZ4.

Marquee lighting is a permanent lighting system consist-
ing of one or more rows of many small lights attached to a
canopy.

Ornamental lighting is post-top luminaires, lanterns, pen-
dant luminaires, chandeliers and marquee lighting.

Outdoor lighting is all electrical lighting for parking lots,
signs, building entrances, outdoor sales areas, outdoor can-
opies, landscape lighting, lighting for building facades and
hardscape lighting.

Outdoor sales frontage is the portion of the perimeter of an
outdoor sales area immediately adjacent to a street, road or
public sidewalk.

Outdoor sales lot is an uncovered paved area used exclu-
sively for the display of vehicles, equipment or other mer-
chandise for sale. All internal and adjacent access drives,
walkway areas, employee and customer parking areas, vehi-
cle service or storage areas are not outdoor sales lot areas,
but are considered hardscape.

Parking lot is an uncovered area for the purpose of parking
vehicles. Parking lot is a type of hardscape.

Paved area is an area that is paved with concrete, asphalt,
stone, brick, gravel or other improved wearing surface,
including the curb.

Pendant is a mounting method in which the luminaire is
suspended from above.

Post-top luminaire is an ornamental outdoor luminaire that
is mounted directly on top of a lamppost.

Principal viewing location is anywhere along the adjacent
highway, street, road or sidewalk running parallel to an out-
door sales frontage.

Public monuments are statuary, buildings, structures
and/or hardscape on public land.

Sales canopy is a canopy specifically to cover and protect
an outdoor sales area.

Vehicle service station is a gasoline or diesel dispensing
station.

OVERALL HEAT GAIN is the total heat gain through all
portions of the building envelope calculated as specified in
Section 143 (b) 3 for determining compliance with the Overall
Envelope Approach.

OVERALL HEAT LOSS is the total heat loss through all por-
tions of the building envelope calculated as specified in Section
143 (b) 2 for determining compliance with the Overall Enve-
lope Approach.

PHOTOCONTROL is an electric device that detects changes
in illumination, then controls its electric load at predetermined
illumination levels.

POOR QUALITY LIGHTING TASKS are visual tasks that
require illuminance category E or greater, because of the
choice of a writing or printing method that produces characters
that are of small size or lower contrast than good quality alter-
natives that are regularly used in offices.

PRIVATE OFFICE or WORK AREA is an office bounded
by 72-inch or higher permanent partitions and is no more than
200 square feet.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

PROCESS is an activity or treatment that is not related to the
space conditioning, hghting, service water heating or ventilat-
ing of a building as it relates to human occupancy.

PROCESS LOAD is a load resulting from a process.

PROCESS SPACE is a space that is thermostatically con-
trolled to maintain a process environment temperature less than
55°F or to maintain a process environment temperature greater
than 90°F for the whole space that the system serves, or that is a
space with a space-conditioning system designed and con-
trolled to be incapable of operating at temperatures above 55 °F
or incapable of operating at temperatures below 90°F at design
conditions.

PUBLIC AREAS are spaces generally open to the public at
large, customers or congregation members, or similar spaces
where occupants need to be prevented from controlling lights
for safety, security or business reasons.

RADIANT BARRIER is a highly reflective, low emitting
material installed at the underside surface of the roof deck and
the inside surface of gable ends or other exterior vertical sur-
faces in attics to reduce solar heat gain into the attic, as speci-
fied by Section 15 l(f)2.

RAISED FLOOR is a floor (partition) over a crawl space, or
an unconditioned space, or ambient air.

READILY ACCESSIBLE is capable of being reached
quickly for operation, repair or inspection, without requiring
climbing or removing obstacles, or resorting to access
equipment.

RECOOL is the cooling of air that has been previously heated
by space-conditioning equipment or systems serving the same
building.

RECOVERED ENERGY is energy used in a building that ( 1 )
is mechanically recovered from space conditioning, service
water heating, lighting, or process equipment after the energy
has performed its original function; (2) provides space condi-
tioning, service water heating, or lighting; and (3) would other-
wise be wasted.

REDUCED FLICKER OPERATION is the operation of a
light, in which the light has a visual flicker less than 30 percent
for frequency and modulation.

REFRIGERATED CASE is a manufactured commercial
refrigerator or freezer, including but not limited to display
cases, reach-in cabinets, meat cases, and frozen food and soda
fountain units.

REHEAT is the heating of air that has been previously cooled
by cooling equipment or systems or an economizer.

REFLECTANCE, SOLAR is the ratio of the reflected solar
flux to the incident solar flux.

RELATIVE SOLAR HEAT GAIN is the ratio of solar heat
gain through a fenestration product (corrected for external
shading) to the incident solar radiation. Solar heat gain
includes directly transmitted solar heat and absorbed solar radi-
ation, which is then reradiated, conducted or convected into the
space.

RELOCATABLE PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING is a

relocatable building as defined by Title 24, Part 1, Section
4-3 14, which is subject to Title 24, Part 1 , Chapter 4, Group 1 .

REPAIR is the reconstruction or renewal of any part of an

existing building for the purpose of its maintenance. Note:
Repairs to low-rise residential buildings are not within the
scope of these standards.

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING (See "high-rise residential
building" and "low-rise residential building.")

RESIDENTIAL MANUAL is the manual developed by the
commission, under Section 25402.1 of the Public Resources
Code, to aid designers, builders and contractors in meeting
energy efficiency standards for low-rise residential buildings.

ROOF/CEILING TYPE is a type of roof/ceiling assembly
that has a specific framing type and U-factor.

RUNOUT is piping that is no more than 1 2 feet long and that is
connected to a fixture or an individual terminal unit.

SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENT is measurement, tesfing or
metering equipment used for scientific research or investiga-
tion, including but not limited to manufactured cabinets, carts
and racks.

SCONCE is a wall-mounted ornamental luminaire.

SEASONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO (SEER)

means the total cooling output of a central air conditioner in
Blu during its normal usage period for cooling divided by the
total electrical energy input in watt-hours during the same
period, as determined using the applicable test method in the
Appliance Efficiency Regulations.

SERIES FAN-POWERED TERMINAL UNIT is a terminal
unit that combines a VAV damper in series with a downstream
fan which runs at all times that the terminal unit is supplying air
to the space.

SERVICE WATER HEATING is heating of water for sani-
tary purposes for human occupancy, other than for comfort
heating.

SHADING is the protection from heat gains because of direct
solar radiation by permanently attached exterior devices or
building elements, interior shading devices, glazing material or
adherent materials.

SHADING COEFFICIENT(SC) is the ratio of the solar heat
gain through a fenestration product to the solar heat gain
through an unshaded Vg-inch-thick clear double strength glass
under the same set of conditions. For nonresidential, high-rise
residential and hotel/motel buildings, this shall exclude the
effects of mullions, frames, sashes, and interior and exterior
shading devices.

SIGN definitions include the following:

Illuminated face is a side of a sign that has the message on
it. For an exit sign it is the side that has the word "EXIT" on
it.

Sign, cabinet is an internally illuminated sign consisting of
frame and face(s), with a continuous translucent message
panel, also referred to as a panel sign.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sign, channel letter is an internally illuminated sign with
multiple components, each built in the shape of an individ-
ual three-dimensional letter or symbol that are each inde-
pendently illuminated, with a separate translucent panel
over the light source for each element.

Sign, double-faced is a sign with two parallel opposing
faces.

Sign, externally illuminated is any sign or a billboard that
is lit by a light source that is external to the sign directed
towards and shining on the face of the sign.

Sign, internally illuminated is a sign that is illuminated by
a light source that is contained inside the sign where the
message area is luminous, including cabinet signs and chan-
nel letter signs.

Sign, traffic is a sign for traffic direction, warning and road-
way identification.

Sign, unfiltered is a sign where the viewer perceives the
light source directly as the message, without any colored fil-
ter between the viewer and the light source, including neon,
cold cathode and LED signs.

SITE-BUILT FENESTRATION is fenestration designed to
be field-glazed or field assembled units using specific factory
cut or otherwise factory formed framing and glazing units that
are manufactured with the intention of being assembled at the
construction site and are provided with an NFRC label certifi-
cate for site-built fenestration. Examples of site-built fenestra-
tion include storefront systems, curtain walls and atrium roof
systems.

SITE SOLAR ENERGY is natural daylighting, or thermal,
chemical or electrical energy derived from direct conversion of
incident solar radiation at the building site.

SKYLIGHT is glazing having a slope less than 60 degrees
from the horizontal with conditioned or unconditioned space
below.

SKYLIGHT AREA is the area of the rough opening for the
skylight.

SKYLIGHT TYPE is a type of skylight assembly having a
specific solar heat gain coefficient, and U-factor whether glass
mounted on a curb, glass not mounted on a curb or plastic
(assumed to be mounted on a curb).

SMACNA is the Sheet Metal and Air-conditioning Contrac-
tors National Association.

SMACNA RESIDENTIAL COMFORT SYSTEM
INSTALLATION STANDARDS MANUAL is the Sheet
Metal Contractors' National Association document entitled
"Residential Comfort System Installation Standards Manual,
Seventh Edition." (1998)

SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC) is the ratio
of the solar heat gain entering the space through the fenestra-
tion area to the incident solar radiation. Solar heat gain includes
directly transmitted solar heat and absorbed solar radiation,
which is then reradiated, conducted or convected into the
space.

SOUTH-FACING is oriented to within 45 degrees of true
south, including 45°00'00" west of south (SW), but excluding
45°00'00" east of south (SE).

SPA is a vessel that contains heated water in which humans can
immerse themselves, is not a pool, and is not a bathtub.

SPACE-CONDITIONING SYSTEM is a system that pro-
vides either collectively or individually heating, ventilating or
cooling within or associated with conditioned spaces in a
building.

STEPPED DIMMING is a lighting control method that varies
the light output of lamps in one or more predetermined discrete
steps between full light output and off

STEPPED SWITCHING is a lighting control method that
varies the light output of a lighting system with the intent of
maintaining approximately the relative uniformity of illumina-
tion by turning off alternate groups of lamps or luminaires.

SYSTEM is a combination of equipment, controls, accesso-
ries, interconnecting means or terminal elements by which
energy is transformed to perform a specific function, such as
space conditioning, service waterheating or lighting.

TASK LIGHTING is lighting that is designed specifically to
illuminate a task location, and that is generally confined to the
task location.

TEMPORARY LIGHTING is a lighting installation where
temporary connections, such as cord and plug, are used for
electric power, and for which the installation does not persist
beyond 60 consecutive days or more than 120 days per year.

THERMAL MASS is solid or liquid material used to store
heat for later heating use or for reducing cooling requirements.

THERMAL RESISTANCE (R) is the resistance of a material
or building component to the passage of heat in (hr x ft^ x
°F)/Btu.

THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVE (TXV) is a

refrigerant metering valve, installed in an air conditioner or
heat pump, which controls the flow of liquid refrigerant enter-
ing the evaporator in response to the superheat of the gas leav-
ing it.

THROW DISTANCE is the distance between the luminaire
and the center of the plane lit by the luminaire on a display.

TIME DEPENDENT VALUATION (TDV) ENERGY is the

time varying energy caused to be used by the building to pro-
vide space conditioning and water heating and for specified
buildings lighting. TDV energy accounts for the energy used at
the building site and consumed in producing and in delivering
energy to a site, including, but not limited to, power generation,
transmission and distribution losses.

U-FACTOR is the overall coefficient of thermal transmittance
of a construction assembly, in Btu/(hr x ft^ x °F), including air
film resistance at both surfaces.

UL® is the Underwriters Laboratories.

UL 181 is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Factory-Made Air Ducts and Air Connectors,"
1996.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

UL 181A is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Closure Systems for Use With Rigid Air Ducts
and Air Connectors," 1994.

UL 181B is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Closure Systems for Use With Flexible Air Ducts
and Air Connectors," 1995.

UL 723 is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials," 1996.

UL 727 is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Oil-Fired Central Furnaces," 1994.

UL 731 is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Oil-Fired Unit Heaters," 1995.

UL 1598 is the Underwriters Laboratories document entitled
"Standard for Luminaires," 2000.

UNCONDITIONED SPACE is enclosed space within a
building that is not directly conditioned or indirectly
conditioned.

UNIT INTERIOR MASS CAPACITY (UIMC) is the

amount of effective heat capacity per unit of thermal mass, tak-
ing into account the type of mass material, thickness, specific
heat, density and surface area.

VAPOR BARRIER is a material that has a permeance of one
perm or less and that provides resistance to the transmission of
water vapor.

VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) SYSTEM is a

space-conditioning system that maintains comfort levels by
varying the volume of conditioned air to the zones served.

VENDING MACHINE is a commercial, coin-operated
machine for vending of refrigerated or nonrefrigerated food
and beverages or general merchandise.

VERTICAL GLAZING (See "window")

VERY VALUABLE MERCHANDISE are rare or precious
objects, including, but not limited to, jewelry, coins, small art
objects, crystal, china, ceramics or silver, the selling of which
involves customer inspection of very fine detail from outside of
a locked case.

VISIBLE LIGHT TRANSMITTANCE (VLT) is the ratio
(expressed as a decimal) of visible light that is transmitted
through a glazing material to the light that strikes the material.

WALL TYPE is a type of wall assembly having a specific heat
capacity, framing type and U-factor.

WEST-FACING is oriented to within 45 degrees of true west,
including 45°00'00" north of due west (NW), but excluding
45°00'00" south of west (SW).

WINDOW is fenestration that is not a skylight.

WINDOW AREA is the area of the surface of a window, plus
the area of the frame, sash and muUions.

WINDOW TYPE is a window assembly having a specific
solar heat gain coefficient, relative solar heat gain and U-factor.

WINDOW WALL RATIO is the ratio of the window area to
the gross exterior wall area.

WOOD HEATER is an enclosed wood-burning appliance
used for space heating and/or domestic water heating.

WOOD STOVE (See "wood heater.")

ZONE, SPACE-CONDITIONING, is a space or group of
spaces within a building with sufficiently similar comfort con-
ditioning requirements so that comfort conditions, as specified
in Section 1 44 (b) 3 or 1 50 (h), as applicable, can be maintained
throughout the zone by a single controlling device.

SECTION 102

CALCULATION OF TIME DEPENDENT

VALUATION (TDV) ENERGY

Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) energy shall be used to com-
pare proposed designs to their energy budget when using the
performance compliance approach. TDV energy is calculated
by multiplying the site energy use (electricity kWh, natural gas
therms, or fuel oil or LPG gallons) for each energy type times
the applicable TDV multiplier. TDV multipliers vary for each
hour of the year and by energy type (electricity, natural gas or
propane), by climate zone and by building type (low-rise resi-
dential or nonresidential, high-rise residential or hotel/motel).
TDV multipliers are published in the residential and nonresi-
dential ACM Approval Manuals. TDV multipliers for propane
shall be used for all energy obtained from depletable sources
other than electricity and natural gas.

SECTION 103- Reserved.

SECTION 104- Reserved.

SECTION 105- Reserved.

SECTION 106- Reserved.

SECTION 107- Reserved.

SECTION 108- Reserved.

SECTION 109- Reserved.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— GENERAL PROVISIONS

Aituras

CALIFORNIA BUILDING
CLIMATE ZONES

San Francjsco

Monterey

FIGURE 101 -A CALIFORNIA CLIMATE ZONES

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTER 2

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

MANUFACTURE, CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION OF

SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND BUILDING COMPONENTS

SECTION 110
SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT— GENERAL

Sections 111 through 119 establish requirements for the manu-
facture, construction and installation of certain systems, equip-
ment and building components that are installed in buildings
regulated by Title 24, Part 6. Systems, equipment and building
components listed below may be installed only if:

(a) The manufacturer has certified that the system, equip-
ment or building component complies with the applicable man-
ufacture provisions of Sections 111 through 119; and

(b) The system, equipment or building component complies
with the applicable installation provisions of Sections 111
through 119.

No system, equipment or building component covered by
the provisions of Sections 1 1 1 through 119 that is not certified
or that fails to comply with the applicable installation
requirements may be installed in a building regulated by Title
24, Part 6.

The systems, equipment and building components covered
are:

Appliances regulated by the Appliance Efficiency Regula-
tions (Section 111).

Other space-conditioning equipment (Section 112).

Other service water-heating systems and equipment (Sec-
tion 113).

Pool and spa heating systems and equipment (Section 1 14).

Gas appliances (Section 115).

Doors, windows and fenestration products (Section 1 16).

Joints and other openings (Section 1 17).

Insulation and cool roofs (Section 118).

Lighting control devices (Section 119).

SECTION 111

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR

APPLIANCES REGULATED BY THE APPLIANCE

EFFICIENCY REGULATIONS

Any appliance for which there is a California standard estab-
lished in the Appliance Efficiency Regulations may be
installed only if the manufacturer has certified to the commis-
sion, as specified in those regulations, that the appliance
complies with the applicable standard for that appliance. See
Appendix 1-A for availability of directories of certified
appliances.

SECTION 112
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR
SPACE-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT

Certification by manufacturers. Any space-conditioning
equipment listed in this section may be installed only if the
manufacturer has certified that the equipment complies with all
the applicable requirements of this section.

(a) Efliciency. Equipment shall meet the applicable require-
ments of Tables 1 12-A through 1 12-M, subject to the follow-
ing:

1. If more than one standard is listed in Tables 112-A
through 112-M, the equipment shall meet all the stan-
dards listed; and

2. If more than one test method is listed in Tables 112-A
through 112-M, the equipment shall comply with the
applicable standard when tested with each test method;
and

3. Where equipment can serve more than one function,
such as both heating and cooling, or both space heating
and water heating, it shall comply with all the require-
ments applicable to each function; and

4. Where a requirement is for equipment rated at its "max-
imum rated capacity" or "minimum rated capacity," the
capacity shall be as provided for and allowed by the
controls, during steady-state operation.

Exception to Section 112 (a): Water-cooled centrifu-
gal water-chilling packages that are not designed for
operation at ARl Standard 550 test conditions of 44°F
leaving chilled water temperature and 85°F entering
condenser water temperature shall have a minimum
full load COP rating as shown in Tables 1 1 2-H, 112-1,
and 1 12- J and a minimum NPLV rating as shown in
Tables 1 12-K, 1 12-L and 112-M. The table values are
only applicable over the following full load design
ranges:

Leaving Chiller Water Temperature 40 to 48°F

Entering Condenser Water Temperature 75to85°F
Condensing Water Temperature Rise 5 to 1 5°F

(b) Controls for heat pumps with supplementary electric
resistance heaters. Heat pumps with supplementary electric
resistance heaters shall have controls:

That prevent supplementary heater operation when the
heating load can be met by the heat pump alone; and
In which the cut-on temperature for compression heat-
ing is higher than the cut-on temperature for supple-
mentary heating, and the cut-off temperature for
compression heating is higher than the cut-off tempera-
ture for supplementary heating.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

Exception to Section 112 (b): The controls may
allow supplementary heater operation during:

A. Defrost; and

B. Transient periods such as start-ups and following
room thermostat setpoint advance, if the controls
provide preferential rate control, intelligent recov-
ery, staging, ramping or another control mecha-
nism designed to preclude the unnecessary
operation of supplementary heating.

Gas-fired and oil-fired forced-air furnaces with input ratings >
225,000 Btu/hr shall also have an intermittent ignition or inter-
rupted device (IID), and have either power venting or a flue
damper. A vent damper is an acceptable alternative to a flue
damper for furnaces where combustion air is drawn from the
conditioned space. All furnaces with input ratings > 225,000
Btu/hr, including electric furnaces, that are not located within
the conditioned space shall have jacket losses not exceeding
0.75 percent of the input rating.

TABLE 112-A
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS AND CONDENSING UNITS— MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

EQUIPMENT TYPE

SIZE CATEGORY

EFFICIENCY^

TEST PROCEDURE

Air conditioners, air cooled

> 65,000 Btu/hr and < 135,000 Btu/hr

10.3 EER'

ARI 340/360

> 135,000 Btu/hr and < 240,000 Btu/hr

9.7 EER-

ARI 340/360

> 240,000 Btu/hr and < 760,000 Btu/hr

9.5 EER^ and 9.7 IPLV"

> 760,000 Btu/hr

9.2 EER' and 9.4 IPLV'

Air conditioners, water and evaporatively cooled

> 240,000 BUi/hr

1 1.0 EER^ and 10.3 IPLV-

ARI 340/360

Condensing units, air cooled

> 135,000 Btu/hr

10.1 EER and 11.2 IPLV

ARI 365

Condensing units, water or evaporatively cooled

> 135,000 Btu/hr

13.1 EER and 13.1 IPLV

IPLVs are applicable only to equipment with capacity modulation.

Deduct 0.2 from the required EERs and IPLVs for units with a heating section other than electric resistance heat.

TABLE 11 2-B
UNITARY AND APPLIED HEAT PUMPS— MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

EQUIPMENT TYPE

SIZE CATEGORY

SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION

EFFICIENCY^

TEST PROCEDURE

Air cooled (cooling mode)

> 65,000 Btu/hr and < 135,000 Btu/hr

Split system and single package

10.1 EER'

ARI 340/360

> 135,000 Btu/hr and < 240,000
Btu/hr

Split system and single package

9.3 EER-

ARI 340/360

> 240,000 Btu/hr

Split system and single package

9.0 EER^
9.2 IPLV'

Air cooled (heating mode)

> 65,000 Btu/hr and < 135,000 Btu/hr
(cooling capacity)

47°Fdb/43°Fwb outdoor air

3.2 COP

ARI 210/240

> 135,000 Btu/hr (cooling capacity)

47°Fdb/43°Fwb outdoor air

3.1 COP

ARI 340/360

IPLVs and Part load rating conditions are applicable only to equipment with capacity modulation.

Deduct 0.2 from the required EERs and IPLVs for units with a heating section other than electric resistance heat.

TABLE 112-C
AIR-COOLED GAS-ENGINE HEAT PUMPS

EQUIPMENT TYPE

SIZE CATEGORY

SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION

EFFICIENCY

TEST PROCEDURE

Air-cooled gas-engine heat pump (cooling
mode)

All capacities

95°Fdb outdoor air

0.6 COP

ANSI Z2 1.40.4

Air-cooled gas-engine heat pump (heating
mode)

All capacities

47°F db/43°F wb outdoor air

0.72 COP

ANSI Z2 1.40.4

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-D
WATER CHILLING PACKAGES— MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

EQUIPMENT TYPE

SIZE CATEGORY

EFFICIENCY

TEST PROCEDURE

Air cooled, with condenser, electrically operated

<150 tons

2.80 COP
3.05 IPLV

ARI 550/590

> 150 tons

Air cooled, without condenser, electrically operated

All capacities

3.10 COP
3.45 IPLV

Water cooled, electrically operated, positive displacement
(reciprocating)

All capacities

4.20 COP
5.05 IPLV

ARI 550/590

Water cooled, electrically operated, positive displacement (rotary
screw and scroll)

< 150 tons

4.45 COP
5.20 IPLV

ARI 550/590

>150 tons and < 300 tons

4.90 COP
5.60 IPLV

> 300 tons

5.50 COP
6.15 IPLV

Water cooled, electrically operated, centrifugal

< 150 tons

5.00 COP
5.25 IPLV

ARI 550/590

> 150 tons and < 300 tons

5.55 COP
5.90 IPLV

> 300 tons

6.10 COP
6.40 IPLV

Air cooled absolution single effect

All capacities

0.60 COP

ARI 560

Water cooled absorption single effect

All capacities

0.70 COP

Absorption double effect, indirect- fired

All capacities

1.00 COP
1.05 IPLV

Absorption double effect, direct-fired

All capacities

1.00 COP
1.00 IPLV

Water cooled gas engine driven chiller

All capacities

1.2 COP
2.0 IPLV

ANSI Z2 1.40.4

TABLE 112-E
PACKAGED TERMINAL AIR CONDITIONERS AND PACKAGED TERMINAL HEAT PUMPS— MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

EQUIPMENT TYPE

SIZE CATEGORY (Input)

SUBCATEGORY OR RATING
CONDITION

EFFICIENCY^

TEST PROCEDURE

PTAC (cooling mode) new
construction

All capacities

95°Fdb outdoor air

12.5-(0.213x Cap/1000)'
EER

ARI 310/380

PTAC (cooling mode)
replacements"

All capacities

95°F db outdoor air

10.9-(0.213 X Cap/1000)'
EER

PTHP (cooling mode) new
construction

All capacities

95 °F db outdoor air

12.3- (0.213 X Cap/1000)'
EER

PTHP (cooling mode)
replacements^

All capacities

95°F db outdoor air

10.8-(0.213 X Cap/1000)'
EER

PTHP (heating mode) new
construction

All capacities

3.2-(0.026 X Cap/1000)'
COP

PTHP (heating mode)
replacements"

All capacities

2.9-(0.026 X Cap/1000)'
COP

Cap means the rated cooling capacity of the product in Btu/hr. If the unit's capacity is less than 7000 Btu/hr, use 7000 Btu/hr in the calculation. If the unit's capacity

is greater than 15,000 Btu/hr, use 15,000 Btu/hr in the calculation.
-Replacement units must be factory labeled as follows: "MANUFACTURED FOR REPLACEMENT APPLICATIONS ONLY; NOT TO BE INSTALLED IN

NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS." Replacement efficiencies apply only to units with existing sleeves less than 16 inches high and less than 42 inches wide.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-F
BOILERS, GAS- AND OIL-FIRED— MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

EQUIPMENT TYPE

SIZE CATEGORY

SUBCATEGORY OR RATING
CONDITION

EFFICIENCY

TEST PROCEDURE

Boilers, gas-fired

> 300,000 Btu/hr and <
2,500,000 Btu/hr

Maximum capacity'

75% Er

H.I. Htg Boiler Standard

Boilers, oil-fired

> 300,000 Btu/hr and <
2,500,000 Btu/hr

Maximum capacity'

78% £/

H.I. Htg Boiler

E, = Thermal efficiency. See test procedure for detailed information.

TABLE 112-G
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR HEAT REJECTION EQUIPMENT

TOTAL SYSTEM HEAT

REJECTION CAPACITY

SUBCATEGORY OR RATING

PERFORMANCE

EQUIPMENT TYPE

AT RATED CONDITIONS

CONDITION

REQUIRED^'^

TEST PROCEDURE^

Propeller or axial fan

All

95°F entering water

>38.2gpm/hp

CTIATC-105

cooling towers

85°F leaving water
75°F wb outdoor air

and
CTISTD-201

Centrifugal fan cooling

All

95°F entering water

> 20.0 gpm/hp

CTIATC-105

towers

85°F leaving water
75°F wb outdoor air

and
CTISTD-201

Air-cooled condensers

All

125°F condensing temperature

R22 test fluid

190°F entering gas temperature

15°F subcooling

95°F entering drybulb

> 176,000 Btu/hr hp

ARI 460

For purposes of this table, cooling tower perfonnance is defined as the maximum fiow rating of the tower divided by the fan nameplate rated motor power.

For purposes of this table air-cooled condenser performance is defined as the heat rejected from the refrigerant divided by the fan nameplate rated motor power.

Cooling towers shall be tested using the test procedures in CTI ATC- 1 05 . Perfonnance of factory assembled cooling towers shall be either certified as base models
as specified in CTI STD-20 1 or verified by testing in the field by a CTI approved testing agency. Factory assembled cooling towers with custom options added to a
CTI certified base model for the purpose of safe maintenance or to reduce environmental or noise impact shall be rated at 90% of the CTI certified perfonnance of
the associated base model or at the manufacturer's stated performance, whichever is less. Base models of factory assembled cooling towers are cooling towers
configured in exact accordance with the Data of Record submitted to CTI as specified by CTI STD-20 1 . There are no certification requirements for field erected
cooling towers.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-H
COPS FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS < 150 TONS

CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS < 150 Tons
COP3,d=5-0

Leaving

Chilled Water

Temperature

rF)

Entering
Condenser

Water

Temperature

rF)

LIFT^ rF)

Condenser Flow Rate
2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpm/ton 3 gpm/ton 4 gpm/ton

5 gpm/ton

6 gpm/ton

Required COP

5.58

5.83

6.03

6.32

6.54

6.70

5.50

5.74

5.92

6.19

6.38

6.53

5.42

5.65

5.82

6.07

6.24

6.37

5.35

5.57

5.72

5.95

6.11

6.23

5.27

5.49

5.64

5.85

6.00

6.11

5.19

5.41

5.56

5.75

5.89

5.99

5.19

5.41

5.56

5.75

5.89

5.99

5.11

5.33

5.48

5.67

5.79

5.88

5.11

5.33

5.48

5.67

5.79

5.88

5.03

5.26

5.40

5.58

5.70

5.79

4.94

5.18

5.32

5.50

5.62

5.70

4.84

5.10

5.25

5.43

5.53

5.61

4.73

5.01

5.17

5.35

5.46

5.53

4.73

5.01

5.17

5.35

5.46

5.53

4.62

4.92

5.09

5.27

5.38

5.45

4.62

4.92

5.09

5.27

5.38

5.45

4.49

4.82

5.00

5.20

5.30

5.38

4.35

4.71

4.91

5.12

5.23

5.30

4.19

4.59

4.81

5.03

5.15

5.22

4.02

4.46

4.70

4.94

5.06

5.14

3.84

4.32

4.58

4.84

4.98

5.06

Condenser DT"

14.04

11.23

9.36

7.02

5.62

4.68

LIFT ^ Entering Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Leaving Chilled Water Temperature (°F)
Condenser DT ^ Leaving Condenser Water Temperature (°F) - Entering Condenser Water Temperature (°F)

Kadj ^ 6.1507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.0062692(X)" - 0.000045595(X)^

where X ^ Condenser DT + LIFT

COPoHi ~ K.rii * COP.iH

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-1
COPS FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 150 TONS, < 300 TONS

CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 150 Tons, < 300 Tons
COP3,d=5.55

Leaving Chilled

Water

Temperature

rF)

Entering
Condenser

Water

Temperature

rF)

LIFT^ ("F)

2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpm/ton

Condenser Flow Rate
3 gpm/ton 4 gpm/ton

5 gpm/ton

6 gpm/ton

Required COP

6.17

6.44

6.66

6.99

7.23

7.40

6.08

6.34

6.54

6.84

7.06

7.22

6.00

6.24

6.43

6.71

6.9

7.05

5.91

6.15

6.33

6.58

6.76

6.89

5.83

6.07

6.23

6.47

6.63

6.75

5.74

5.98

6.14

6.36

6.51

6.62

5.74

5.98

6.14

6.36

6.51

6.62

5.65

5.90

6.05

6.26

6.40

6.51

5.65

5.90

6.05

6.26

6.40

6.51

5.56

5.81

5.97

6.17

6.30

6.40

5.46

5.73

5.89

6.08

6.21

6.30

5.35

5.64

5.80

6.00

6.12

6.20

5.23

5.54

5.71

5.91

6.03

6.11

5.23

5.54

5.71

5.91

6.03

6.11

5.10

5.44

5.62

5.83

5.95

6.03

5.10

5.44

5.62

5.83

5.95

6.03

4.96

5.33

5.55

5.74

5.86

5.94

4.81

5.21

5.42

5.66

5.78

5.86

4.63

5.08

5.31

5.56

5.69

5.77

4.45

4.93

5.19

5.46

5.60

5.69

4.24

4.77

5.06

5.35

5.50

5.59

Condenser DT"

14.04

11.23

9.36

7.02

5.62

4.68

LIFT ^ Entering Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Leaving Chilled Water Temperature (°F)
Condenser DT ^ Leaving Condenser Water Temperature (°F) - Entering Condenser Water Temperature (°F)

K,dj = 6. 1 507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.0062692{X)" - 0.000045595{X)^

where X ^ Condenser DT + LIFT

COP:

adj

COP,

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-J
COPS FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 300 TONS

CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 300 Tons
C0P3td=6.1

Leaving Chilled

Water

Temperature

CF)

Entering
Condenser

Water

Temperature

rF)

LIFT^ ("F)

Condenser Flow Rate
2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpm/ton 3 gpm/ton 4 gpm/ton

5 gpm/ton

6 gpm/ton

Required COP

6.80

7.11

7.35

7.71

7.97

8.16

6.71

6.99

7.21

7.55

7.78

7.96

6.61

6.89

7.09

7.40

7.61

7.77

6.52

6.79

6.98

7.26

7.45

7.60

6.43

6.69

6.87

7.13

7.31

7.44

6.33

6.60

6.77

7.02

7.18

7.30

6.33

6.60

6.77

7.02

7.18

7.30

6.23

6.50

6.68

6.91

7.06

7.17

6.23

6.50

6.68

6.91

7.06

7.17

6.13

6.41

6.58

6.81

6.95

7.05

6.02

6.31

6.49

6.71

6.85

6.94

5.90

6.21

6.40

6.61

6.75

6.84

5.77

6.11

6.30

6.52

6.65

6.74

5.77

6.11

6.30

6.52

6.65

6.74

5.63

6.00

6.20

6.43

6.56

6.65

5.63

6.00

6.20

6.43

6.56

6.65

5.47

5.87

6.10

6.33

6.47

6.55

5.30

5.74

5.98

6.24

6.37

6.46

5.11

5.60

5.86

6.13

6.28

6.37

4.90

5.44

5.72

6.02

6.17

6.27

4.68

5.26

5.58

5.90

6.07

6.17

Condenser DT"

14.04

11.23

9.36

7.02

5.62

4.68

LIFT = Entering Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Leaving Chilled Water Temperature (°F)
Condenser DT ^ Leaving Condenser Water Temperature {°¥) - Entering Condenser Water Temperature (°F)

Kadj ^ 6.1507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.0062692(X)" - 0.000045595(X)^

where X ^ Condenser DT + LIFT

COP.

adj

COP.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-K
IPLV/NPLV FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS < 150 TONS

CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS < 150 Tons
IPIV3td=5.25

Leaving Chilled

Water

Temperature

CF)

Entering
Condenser

Water

Temperature

TF)

LIFT^ CF)

Condenser Flow Rate
2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpm/ton 3 gpm/ton 4 gpm/ton

5 gpm/ton

6 gpm/ton

Required IPLV/NPLV

5.84

6.10

6.30

6.61

6.84

7.00

5.75

6.00

6.19

6.47

6.68

6.83

5.67

5.91

6.08

6.34

6.53

6.67

5.59

5.82

5.99

6.23

6.39

6.52

5.51

5.74

5.90

6.12

6.27

6.39

5.43

5.66

5.81

6.02

6.16

6.26

5.43

5.66

5.81

6.02

6.16

6.26

5.35

5.58

5.73

5.93

6.06

6.15

5.35

5.58

5.73

5.93

6.06

6.15

5.26

5.50

5.65

5.84

5.96

6.05

5.16

5.42

5.57

5.76

5.87

5.96

5.06

5.33

5.49

5.67

5.79

5.87

4.95

5.24

5.41

5.60

5.71

5.78

4.95

5.24

5.41

5.60

5.71

5.78

4.83

5.14

5.32

5.52

5.63

5.70

4.83

5.14

5.32

5.52

5.63

5.70

4.69

5.04

5.25^

5.43

5.55

5.62

4.55

4.93

5.13

5.35

5.47

5.54

4.38

4.80

5.03

5.26

5.38

5.46

4.21

4.67

4.91

5.17

5.30

5.38

4.01

4.52

4.79

5.06

5.20

5.29

Condenser DT

14.04

11.23

9.36

7.02

5.62

4.68

LIFT ^ Entering Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Leaving Chilled Water Temperature (°F)
Condenser DT ^ Leaving Condenser Water Temperature (°F) - Entering Condenser Water Temperature (°F)
AU values shown are NPLV except at conditions of 3 gpn/ton and 41 °¥ LIFT which is IPLV.

K,dj ^ 6.1507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.0062692{X)" - 0.000045595(X)-

where X ^ Condenser DT + LIFT

COP:

adj

COP,

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-L
IPLV/NPLV FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 150 TONS < 300 TONS

CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS
IPLV^td = 6.4

> 300 Tons

Leaving Chilled

Water

Temperature

rF)

Entering
Condenser

Water

Temperature

rF)

LIFT^ (°F)

2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpm/ton

Condenser Flow Rate
3 gpm/ton 4 gpm/ton

5 gpm/ton

6 gpm/ton

Required IPLV/NPLV

7.15

7.47

7.72

8.10

8.37

8.58

7.05

7.35

7.58

7.93

8.18

8.36

6.95

7.23

7.45

7.77

8.00

8.16

6.85

7.13

7.33

7.63

7.83

7.98

6.75

7.03

7.22

7.49

7.68

7.82

6.65

6.93

7.12

7.37

7.55

7.67

6.65

6.93

7.12

7.37

7.55

7.67

6.55

6.83

7.01

7.26

7.42

7.54

6.55

6.83

7.01

7.26

7.42

7.54

6.44

6.73

6.92

7.15

7.30

7.41

6.32

6.63

6.82

7.05

7.19

7.30

6.20

6.53

6.72

6.95

7.09

7.19

6.06

6.42

6.62

6.85

6.99

7.08

6.06

6.42

6.62

6.85

6.99

7.08

5.91

6.30

6.52

6.76

6.89

6.98

5.91

6.30

6.52

6.76

6.89

6.98

5.75

6.17

6.40'

6.66

6.79

6.89

5.57

6.03

6.28

6.55

6.70

6.79

5.37

5.88

6.16

6.44

6.59

6.69

5.15

5.71

6.01

6.33

6.49

6.59

4.91

5.53

5.86

6.20

6.37

6.48

Condenser DT^

14.04

11.23

9.36

7.02

5.62

4.68

LIFT = Entering Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Leaving Chilled Water Temperature ("F)
Condenser DT ^ Leaving Condenser Water Temperature (°F) - Entering Condenser Water Temperature (°F)
All values shown are NPLV except at conditions of 3 gpn/tonand41 °F LIFT which is IPLV.

Kadj ^ 6.1507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.0062692(X)" - 0.000045595(X)^

where X = Condenser DT + LIFT

COPoHi ~ Karii * COP,|H

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 112-M
IPLV/NPLV FOR NONSTANDARD CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 300 TONS

CENTRIFUGAL CHILLERS > 300 Tons

Leaving Chilled

Water

Temperature

CF)

Entering
Condenser

Water

Temperature

CF)

LIFT^ (T)

Condenser Flow Rate
2 gpm/ton 2.5 gpm/ton 3 gpm/ton 4gpm/ton

5 gpm/ton

6 gpm/ton

Required IPLV/NPLV

7.15

7.47

7.72

8.10

8.37

8.58

7.05

7.35

7.58

7.93

8.18

8.36

6.95

7.23

7.45

7.77

8.00

8.16

6.85

7.13

7.33

7.63

7.83

7.98

6.75

7.03

7.22

7.49

7.68

7.82

6.65

6.93

7.12

7.37

7.55

7.67

6.65

6.93

7.12

7.37

7.55

7.67

6.55

6.83

7.01

7.26

7.42

7.54

6.55

6.83

7.01

7.26

7.42

7.54

6.44

6.73

6.92

7.15

7.30

7.41

6.32

6.63

6.82

7.05

7.19

7.30

6.20

6.53

6.72

6.95

7.09

7.19

6.06

6.42

6.62

6.85

6.99

7.08

6.06

6.42

6.62

6.85

6.99

7.08

5.91

6.30

6.52

6.76

6.89

6.98

5.91

6.30

6.52

6.76

6.89

6.98

5.75

6.17

6.40'

6.66

6.79

6.89

5.57

6.03

6.28

6.55

6.70

6.79

5.37

5.88

6.16

6.44

6.59

6.69

5.15

5.71

6.01

6.33

6.49

6.59

4.91

5.53

5.86

6.20

6.37

6.48

Condenser DT^

14.04

11.23

9.36

7.02

5.62

4.68

LIFT ^ Entering Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {°F)
Condenser DT ^ Leaving Condenser Water Temperature {°F) - Entering Condenser Water Temperature (''F)
All values shown are NPLV except at conditions of 3 gpn/ton and 41 °¥ LIFT which is IPLV.

Kadj ^ 6.1507 - 0.30244(X) + 0.0062692(X)" - 0.000045595(X)^

where X ^ Condenser DT + LIFT

SECTION 113
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICE
WATER-HEATING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT

(a) Certification by manufacturers. Any service
water-heating system or equipment may be installed only if the
manufacturer has certified that the system or equipment com-
plies with all of the requirements of this subsection for that sys-
tem or equipment.

1 . Temperature controls for service water-heating sys-
tems. Service water-heating systems shall be equipped
with automatic temperature controls capable of adjust-
ment from the lowest to the highest acceptable tempera-
ture settings for the intended use as listed in Table 2,
Chapter 49 of the ASHRAE Handbook, HVAC Appli-
cations Volume.

Exception to Section 113 (a) 1 : Residential occupan-
cies.

(b) Efficiency. Equipment shall meet the applicable require-
ments of the Appliance Efficiency Regulations as required by
Section 111, subject to the following:

1 . If more than one standard is listed in the Appliance Effi-
ciency Regulations, the equipment shall meet all the
standards listed; and

2. If more than one test method is listed in the Appliance
Efficiency Regulations, the equipment shall comply
with the applicable standard when tested with each test
method; and

3. Where equipment can serve more than one function,
such as both heating and cooling, or both space heating

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

and water heating, it shall comply with all the require-
ments applicable to each function; and
4. Where a requirement is for equipment rated at its "max-
imum rated capacity" or "minimum rated capacity," the
capacity shall be as provided for and allowed by the
controls, during steady-state operation.

(c) Installation. Any service water-heating system or equip-
ment may be installed only if the system or equipment complies
with all of the applicable requirements of this subsection for the
system or equipment.

1 . Outlet temperature controls. On systems that have a
total capacity greater than 167,000 Btu/hr, outlets that
require higher than service water temperatures as listed
in the ASHRAE Handbook, Applications Volume, shall
have separate remote heaters, heat exchangers or boost-
ers to supply the outlet with the higher temperature.

2. Pumps for circulating systems. Circulating service
water-heating systems shall have a control capable of
automatically turning off the circulating pump when
hot water is not required.

Exception to Section 113(c) 2: Water heating sys-
tems serving a single dwelling unit.

3. Temperature controls for public lavatories. The con-
trols shall limit the outlet temperature to 110°F.

4. Insulation. Unfired service water heater storage tanks
and backup tanks for solar water-heating systems shall
have:

A. External insulation with an installed R-vslImq of at
least R-12; or

B. Internal and external insulation with a combined
7?- value of at least R-16; or

C. The heat loss of the tank surface based on an 80°F
water-air temperature difference shall be less than
6.5 Btu per hour per square foot.

5. Service water heaters in state buildings. Any newly
constructed building constructed by the State shall
derive its service water heating from a system that pro-
vides at least 60 percent of the energy needed for ser-
vice water heating from site solar energy or recovered
energy.

Exception to Section 113(c) 5: Buildings for which
the state architect determines that service water heat-
ing from site solar energy or recovered energy is eco-
nomically or physically infeasible.

SECTION 114

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR POOL AND

SPA HEATING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT

(a) Certification by manufacturers. Any pool or spa heat-
ing system or equipment may be installed only if the manufac-
turer has certified that the system or equipment has all of the
following:

1 . Efficiency. A thermal efficiency that complies with the
Appliance Efficiency Regulations; and

2. On-off switch. A readily accessible on-off switch,
mounted on the outside of the heater that allows shut-
ting off the heater without adjusting the thermostat set-
ting; and

3. Instructions. A permanent, easily readable and weath-
erproof plate or card that gives instruction for the
energy efficient operation of the pool or spa and for the
proper care of pool or spa water when a cover is used;
and

4. Electric resistance heating. No electric resistance
heating; and

Exception 1 to Section 114 (a) 4: Listed package
units with fully insulated enclosures, and with
tight-fitting covers that are insulated to at least R-6.

Exception 2 to Section 114 (a) 4: Pools or spas deriv-
ing at least 60 percent of the annual heating energy
from site solar energy or recovered energy.

5. Pilot light. No pilot light.

(b) Installation. Any pool or spa heating system or equip-
ment shall be installed with all of the following:

1 . Piping. At least 36 inches of pipe between the filter and
the heater to allow for the future addition of solar heat-
ing equipment; and

2. Covers. A cover for outdoor pools or outdoor spas; and

Exception to Section 114 (b) 2: Pools or spas deriv-
ing at least 60 percent of the annual heating energy
from site solar energy or recovered energy.

3. Directional inlets and time switches for pools. If the

system or equipment is for a pool:
The pool shall have directional inlets that adequately
mix the pool water; and

The circulation pump shall have a time switch that
allows the pump to be set to run in the off-peak electric
demand period, and for the minimum time necessary to
maintain the water in the condition required by applica-
ble public health standards.

Exception to Section 114 (b) 3: Where applicable
public health standards require on-peak operation.

SECTION 115

NATURAL GAS CENTRAL FURNACES, COOKING

EQUIPMENT, AND POOL AND SPA HEATERS:

PILOT LIGHTS PROHIBITED

Any natural gas system or equipment listed below may be
installed only if it does not have a continuously burning pilot
light:

(a) Fan-type central furnaces.

(b) Household cooking appliances.

Exception to Section 115 (b): Household cooking appli-
ances without an electrical supply voltage connection and in
which each pilot consumes less than 150 Btu/hr.

(d) Spa heaters.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 116

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

FOR FENESTRATION PRODUCTS AND

EXTERIOR DOORS

(a) Certification of fenestration products and exterior
doors other tiian field-fabricated. Any fenestration product
and exterior door, other than field-fabricated fenestration prod-
ucts and field-fabricated exterior doors, may be installed only
if the manufacturer has certified to the commission, or if an
independent certifying organization approved by the commis-
sion has certified, that the product complies with all of the
applicable requirements of this subsection.

Air leakage. Manufactured fenestration products and
exterior doors shall have air infiltration rates not
exceeding 0.3 cfm/ft^of window area, 0.3 cfm/fP of
door area for residential doors, 0.3 cfm/ft^ of door area
for nonresidential single doors (swinging and sliding),
and 1 .0 cfm/ft" for nonresidential double doors (swing-
ing), when tested according to NFRC-400 or ASTM
E 283 at a pressure differential of 75 pascals or 1.57
pounds/ft', incorporated herein by reference.

2. U-factor. A fenestration product's U-factor shall be
rated in accordance with NFRC 1 00, or the applicable
default U-factor set forth in Table 1 1 6-A.

Exception to Section 116 (a) 2: If the fenestration
product is site-built fenestration in a building covered
by the nonresidential standards with less than 10,000
square feet of site-built fenestration or is a skylight,
the default U-factor may be the applicable U-factor as
set forth in the Nonresidential ACM Manual.

3. SHGC. A fenestration product's SHGC shall be rated
in accordance with NFRC 200, or NFRC 100 for
site-built fenestration, or the applicable default SHGC
set forth in Table 116-B.

Exception to Section 116 (a) 3: If the fenestration
product is site-built fenestration in a building covered
by the nonresidential standards with less than 10,000
square feet of site-built fenestration or is a skylight,
the default SHGC may be calculated according to
Equation 11 6-A.

TABLE 11 6-A
DEFAULT FENESTRATION PRODUCT U-FACTORS

FRAME TYPE^

PRODUCT TYPE

SINGLE PANE U-FACTOR

DOUBLE PANE U-FACTOR^

Metal

Operable

1.28

0.79

Metal

Fixed

1.19

0.71

Metal

Greenhouse/garden window

2.26

1.40

Metal

Doors

1.25

0.77

Metal

Skylight

1.98

1.3

Metal, Thermal Break

Operable

0.66

Metal, Thermal Break

Fixed

0.55

Metal, Thermal Break

Greenhouse/garden window

1.12

Metal, Thermal Break

Doors

0.59

Metal, Thermal Break

Skylight

1.11

Nonmetal

Operable

0.99

0.58

Nomnetal

Fixed

1.04

0.55

Nonmetal

Doors

0.99

0.53

Nomnetal

Greenhouse/garden window

1.94

1.06

Nomnetal

Skylight

1.47

0.84

Metal includes any field-fabricated product with metal cladding. Nonmetal-framed manufactured fenestration products with metal cladding must add 0.04 to the
listed U-factor. Nonmetal frame types can include metal fasteners, hardware and door thresholds. Thennal break product design characteristics are:

a. The material used as the thermal break must have a thermal conductivity of not more than 3.6 Btu-inch/hr/fr/°F,

b. The thermal break must produce a gap of not less than 0.210 inch, and

c. All metal members of the fenestration product exposed to interior and exterior air must incorporate a thermal break meeting the criteria in Items a. and b.

above.
In addition, the fenestration product must be clearly labeled by the manufacturer that it qualifies as a thermally broken product in accordance with this standard.
Thermal break values shall not apply to field-fabricated fenestration products.
"For all dual-glazed fenestration products, adjust the listed U-factors as follows:

a. Subtract 0.05 for spacers of /j^ inch or wider.

b. Subtract 0.05 for products certified by the manufacturer as low-E glazing.

c. Add 0.05 for products with dividers between panes if spacer is less than /j^ inch wide.

d. Add 0.05 to any product with true divided lite (dividers through the panes).

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 116-B-DEFAULT SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT

FRAME TYPE

PRODUCT

GLAZING

TOTAL WINDOW SHGC^

Single Pane

Double Pane

Metal

Operable

Clear

0.80

0.70

Metal

Fixed

Clear

0.83

0.73

Metal

Operable

Tinted

0.67

0.59

Metal

Fixed

Tinted

0.68

0.60

Metal, Thermal Break

Operable

Clear

0.63

Metal, Thermal Break

Fixed

Clear

0.69

Metal, TheiTnal Break

Operable

Tinted

0.53

Metal, TheiTnal Break

Fixed

Tinted

0.57

Nonmetal

Operable

Clear

0.74

0.65

Nonmetal

Fixed

Clear

0.76

0.67

Nonmetal

Operable

Tinted

0.60

0.53

Nonmetal

Fixed

Tinted

0.63

0.55

SHGC = Solar Heat Gain Coefficient

EQUATION 116-A DEFAULT SHGC CALCULATION
(SUBJECT TO ABOVE EXCEPTION)

SHGCfen = 0.08 + 0.86 x SHGCc

where:

SHGCfen

the solar heat gain coefficient for the fenestration,
including glass and frame.
SHGCc = the center of glass solar heat gain coefficient for
the glass alone as documented in the glazing man-
ufacturer's literature. Documentation shall be pro-
vided as specified in the Nonresidential ACM
Manual.

4. Labeling. Fenestration products shall:

A. Have a temporary label (or label certificate for
site-built fenestration) meeting the requirements of
Section 10-111 (a) 1, not to be removed before
inspection by the enforcement agency, listing the
certified U-factor and SHGC, and certifying that the
air leakage requirements of Section 1 1 6 (a) 1 are met
for each product line; and

B. Have a permanent label (or label certificate for
site-built fenestration) meeting the requirements of
Section 10-111 (a) 2 if the product is rated using
NFRC procedures.

Exception to Section 116 (a): Fenestration prod-
ucts removed and reinstalled as part of a building
alteration or addition.

(b) Installation of field-fabricated fenestration and exte-
rior doors. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated
exterior doors may be installed only if the compliance docu-
mentation has demonstrated compliance for the installation
using U-factors from Table 116-A and SHGC values from
Table 1 1 6-B. Field-fabricated fenestration and field- fabricated
exterior doors shall be caulked between the fenestration prod-

ucts or exterior door and the building, and shall be weather-
stripped. Buildings with 10,000 or more square feet of vertical
glazing shall have no more than 1,000 square feet of field-fab-
ricated fenestration.

Exception to Section 116 (b): Unframed glass doors and
fire doors need not be weatherstripped or caulked.

SECTION 117

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR JOINTS

AND OTHER OPENINGS

Joints and other openings in the building envelope that are
potential sources of air leakage shall be caulked, gasketed,
weather-stripped or otherwise sealed to limit infiltration and
exfiltration.

SECTION 118

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR INSULATION

AND COOL ROOFS

(a) Certification by manufacturers. Any insulation of the
type and form listed in Table 1 1 8-A may be installed only if the
manufacturer has certified that the insulation complies with the
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 12, Chapter
12-13, Standards for Insulating Material.

(b) Installation of urea formaldehyde foam insulation.

Urea formaldehyde foam insulation may be applied or installed
only if:

1. It is installed in exterior side walls; and

2. A 4-mil-thick plastic polyethylene vapor barrier or
equivalent plastic sheeting vapor barrier is installed
between the urea formaldehyde foam insulation and the
interior space in all applications.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 118-A
INSULATION REQUIRING CERTIFICATION TO
STANDARDS FOR INSULATING MATERIALS

TYPE

FORM

Aluminum foil

Reflective foil

Cellular glass

Board foim

Cellulose fiber

Loose fill and spray applied

Mineral aggregate

Board form

Mineral fiber

Blankets, board form, loose fill

Perlite

Loose fill

Phenolic

Board form

Polystyrene

Board form, molded or extruded

Polyurethane

Board form and field applied

Polyisocyanurate

Board form and field applied

Urea formaldehyde

Foam field applied

Vermiculite

Loose fill

(c) Flamespread rating. All insulating material shall be
installed in compliance with the flamespread rating and smoke
density requirements of the CBC.

(d) Installation of insulation in existing buildings. Insula-
tion installed in an existing attic, or on an existing duct or water
heater, shall comply with the applicable requirements of this
subsection. If a contractor installs the insulation, the contractor
shall certify to the customer, in writing, that the insulation
meets the applicable requirements of this subsection.

1. Attics. If insulation is installed in the existing attic of a
low-rise residential building, the R-vahxQ of the total
amount of insulation (after addition of insulation to the
amount, if any, already in the attic) shall be at least R-3 8
in climate zones 1 and 16; and R-30 in all other climate
zones.

Exception to Section 118 (d) 1: Where the accessible
space in the attic is not large enough to accommodate
the required R-value, the entire accessible space shall
be filled with insulation, provided such installation
does not violate Section 1505.3 of Title 24, Part 2.

2. Water heaters. If external insulation is installed on an
existing unfired water storage tank or on an existing
back-up tank for a solar water-heating system, it shall
have an R-value of at least R-12, or the heat loss of the
tank surface based on an 80°F water-air temperature
difference shall be less than 6.5 Btu per hour per square
foot.

3. Ducts. If insulation is installed on an existing
space-conditioning duct, it shall comply with Section
605 of the CMC ^

(e) Placement of roof/ceiling insulation. Insulation
installed to limit heat loss and gain through the top of condi-
tioned spaces shall comply with the following:

1 . Insulation shall be installed in direct contact with a con-
tinuous roof or ceiling which is sealed to limit infiltra-
tion and exfiltration as specified in Section 117,
including but not limited to placing insulation either
above or below the roof deck or on top of a dry wall ceil-
ing; and

2 . When insulation is installed at the roof in nonresidential
buildings, fixed vents or openings to the outdoors or to
unconditioned spaces shall not be installed, and the
space between the ceiling and the roof is either directly
or indirectly conditioned space and shall not be consid-
ered an attic for the purposes of complying with CBC
attic ventilation requirements; and

3. Insulation placed on top of a suspended ceiling with
removable ceiling panels shall be deemed to have no
affect on envelope heat loss; and

Exception to Section 118(e) 3: When there are con-
ditioned spaces with a combined floor area no greater
than 2,000 square feet in an otherwise unconditioned
building, and when the average height of the space
between the ceiling and the roof over these spaces is
greater than 1 2 feet, insulation placed in direct contact
with a suspended ceiling with removable ceiling pan-
els shall be an acceptable method of reducing heat
loss from a conditioned space and shall be accounted
for in heat loss calculations.

4. Insulation shall be installed below the roofing mem-
brane or layer used to seal the roof from water penetra-
tion unless the insulation has a maximum water
absorption of 0.3 percent by volume when tested
according to ASTM Standard C 272.

Note: Vents that do not penetrate the roof deck and
that are designed for wind resistance for roof mem-
branes are not within the scope of Section 1 18(e) 2.

(f) Demising walls in nonresidential buildings. The

opaque portions of framed demising walls in nonresidential
buildings shall be insulated with an installed ^-value of no less
than R-13 between framing members.

(g) Insulation requirements for heated slab floors.

Heated slab floors shall be insulated according to the require-
ments in Table 1 18-B.

1. Insulation materials in ground contact must:

A. Comply with the certification requirements of Sec-
tion 118 (a); and

B. Have a water absorption rate for the insulation mate-
rial alone without facings that is no greater than
0.3% when tested in accordance with Test Method A
- 24 Hour-Immersion of ASTM C 272.

2. Insulation installation must:

A. Cover the insulation with a solid guard that protects
against damage from ultraviolet radiation, moisture,
landscaping operation, equipment maintenance and
wind; and

On and after the effective date designated by tiie California Building Standards Commission for the 2000 CMC, duct insulation shall comply with
Section 605 of the 2000 CMC.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

TABLE 11 8-B
SLAB INSULATION REQUIREMENTS FOR HEATED SLAB-ON-GRADE

INSULATION
LOCATION

INSULATION
ORIENTATION

INSTALLATION REOUIREMENTS

CLIMATE ZONE

INSULATION R-FACTOR

Outside edge of
heated slab,
either inside or
outside the
foundation wall

Vertical

From the level of the top of the slab, down 16" or to the
frost line, whichever is greater. Insulation may stop at the
top of the footing where this is less than the required depth.
For below grade slabs, vertical insulation shall be extended
from the top of the foundation wall to the bottom of the
foundation (or the top of the footing) or to the frost line,
whichever is greater.

1-15

Between heated
slab and outside
foundation wall

Vertical and
Horizontal

Vertical insulation from top of slab at inside edge of
outside wall down to the top of the horizontal insulation.
Horizontal insulation from the outside edge of the vertical
insulation extending 4 feet toward the center of the slab in
a direction normal to the outside of the building in plan
view.

1 - 15

10 vertical and 7
horizontal

TABLE 11 8-C
MINIMUM PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR LIQUID APPLIED ROOF COATINGS

PHYSICAL PROPERTY

ASTM TEST
PROCEDURE

REQUIREMENT

Initial percent elongation (break)

D2370

Minimum 200% 73°F (23°C)

Initial percent elongation (break) or
Initial flexibility

D2370
D 522, Test B

Minimum 60% 0°F (-18°C)
Minimum pass 1" mandrel 0°F (-IS'^C)

Initial tensile strength (maximum stress)

D2370

Minimum 100 psi (1.38 Mpa) 73°F (23°C)

Initial tensile strength (maximum stress) or
Initial flexibility

D2370
D 522, Test B

Minimum 200 psi (2.76 Mpa) 0°F (-18°C)
Minimum pass 1" mandrel 0°F (-18°C)

Final percent elongation (break) after accelerated weathering 1000 h

D2370

Minimum 100% 73°F (23'^C)

Final percent elongation (break) after accelerated weathering 100 h or
Flexibility after accelerated weathering 100 h

D2370
D 522, Test B

Minimum 40% 0°F (-18°C)
Minimum pass 1" mandrel 0°F (-18°C)

Permeance

D1653

Maximum 50 perms

Accelerated weathering 1000 h

D4798

No cracking or checking '

Any cracking or checking visible to the eye fails the test procedure.

B. Include a rigid plate, which penetrates the slab and
blocks the insulation from acting as a conduit for
insects from the ground to the structure above the
foundation.

(h) Wet insulation systems. When insulation is installed on
roofs above the roofing membrane or layer used to seal the roof
from water penetration, the effective i?-value of the insulation
shall be as specified in Appendix IV of the Joint Appendices.

(i) Mandatory requirements for cool roofs. In order to
qualify for compliance credit as a cool roof or meet the require-
ments of Section 143 (a) 1 or 149 (b) IB, a cool roof shall be
certified and labeled according to the requirements of Section
10-113 and meet conditions 1 or 2 and, for liquid applied roof-
ing products, 3 below.

1 . Any roofing product with an initial thermal emittance
greater than or equal to 0.75 when tested in accordance
with CRRC-1 shall have a minimum initial solar
reflectance of 0.70 when tested in accordance with
CRRC-1.

Exception to Section 118 (i) 1: For low-rise residen-
tial buildings, concrete tile (as defined in ASTM
C 55) and clay tile (as defined in ASTM C 1 1 67) roof-
ing products shall have a minimum initial thermal
emittance of 0.75 and a minimum initial solar
reflectance of 0.40 when tested in accordance with
CRRC-1.

2. Any roofing product with a minimum initial thermal
emittance Sinitiai less than 0.75 when tested in accor-
dance with CRRC-1, including but not limited to roof
products with metallic surfaces, shall have a minimum
initial solar reflectance of 0.70 + 0.34 * (0.75 - Smitiai)
when tested in accordance with CRRC- 1 .

3. Liquid applied roof coatings applied to low-sloped
roofs in the field as the top surface of a roof covering
shall:

A. Be applied across the entire roof surface to meet the
dry mil thickness or coverage recommended by the

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

coating manufacturer, taking into consideration the
substrate on which the coating is applied, and

B. Meet the minimum performance requirements listed
in Table 118-C or the minimum performance
requirements of ASTM C 836, D 3468, D 6083 or
D 6694, whichever are appropriate to the coating
material.

Exception 1 to Section 118 (i) 3B: Alumi-
num-pigmented asphalt roof coatings shall meet
the requirements of ASTM D 2824 or ASTM
D 6848 and be installed as specified by ASTM
D3805.

Exception 2 to Section 118 (!) 3B: Cement-based
roof coatings shall contain a minimum of 20%
cement and shall meet the requirements of ASTM
C 1583, ASTM D 822 and ASTM D 5870.

SECTION 119

MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHTING

CONTROL DEVICES

Any automatic time switch control device, occupant-sensor,
motion sensor, photosensor or automatic daylighting control
device shall be installed only if the manufacturer has certified
to the commission that the device complies with all of the appli-
cable requirements of Subsections (a) through (f) and Subsec-
tions (h) through (j), and if the device is installed in compliance
with Subsection (g).

(a) All devices: instructions for installation and calibra-
tion. The manufacturer shall provide step-by-step instructions
for installation and start-up calibration of the device.

(b) All devices: status signal. The device shall have an indi-
cator that visibly or audibly informs the device operator that it
is operating properly, or that it has failed or malfunctioned.

Exception to Section 119 (b): Photosensor or other devices
where a status signal is infeasible because of inadequate
power.

(c)Automatic time switch control devices. Automatic time
switch control devices shall:

1. Be capable of programming different schedules for
weekdays and weekends; and

2. Have program backup capabilities that prevent the loss
of the device's program and time setting for at least 10
hours if power is interrupted.

(d) Occupant sensors and motion sensors. Occupant sen-
sors and motion sensors shall be capable of automatically turn-
ing off all the lights in an area no more than 30 minutes after the
area has been vacated. In addition, ultrasonic and microwave
devices shall have a built-in mechanism that allows calibration
of the sensitivity of the device to room movement in order to
reduce the false sensing of occupants, and shall comply with
either Item 1 or 2 below, as applicable:

1 . If the device emits ultrasonic radiation as a signal for
sensing occupants within an area, the device shall:

A. Have had a Radiation Safety Abbreviated Report
submitted to the Center for Devices and Radiologi-

cal Health, Federal Food and Drug Administration,
under 21 Code of Federal Regulations, Section
1002.12 (1996), and a copy of the report shall have
been submitted to the California Energy Commis-
sion; and

B. Emit no audible sound; and

C. Not emit ultrasound in excess of the decibel (dB)
values shown in Table 119-A, measured no more
than 5 feet from the source, on axis.

2. If the device emits microwave radiation as a signal for
sensing occupants within the area, the device shall:

A. Comply with all applicable provisions in 47 Code of
Federal Regulations, Parts 2 and 15(1 996), and have
an approved Federal Communications Commission
Identifier that appears on all units of the device and
that has been submitted to the California Energy
Commission; and

B. Not emitradiation in excess of 1 milliwatt per square
centimeter measured at no more than 5 centimeters
from the emission surface of the device; and

C. Have permanently affixed to it installation instruc-
tions recommending that it be installed at least
12 inches from any area normally used by room
occupants.

(e) Automatic daylighting control devices. Automatic
day-lighting control devices used to control lights in daylit
zones shall:

1 . Be capable of reducing the light output of the general
lighting of the controlled area by at least one half in
response to the availability of daylight while maintain-
ing relatively uniform illumination throughout the area;
and

2. If the device is a dimmer, provide electrical outputs to
lamps for reduced flicker operation through the dim-
ming range and without causing premature lamp fail-
ure; and

3. If the devices reduce lighting in control steps, incorpo-
rate time-delay circuits to prevent cycling of light level
changes of less than three minutes and have sufficient
separation (deadband) of on and off points for each con-
trol step to prevent cycling; and

4. If the devices have a time delay, have the capability for
the time delay to be over-ridden or set to less than 5 sec-
onds time delay for the purpose of set up and calibra-
tion, and automatically restore its time delay settings to
normal operation programmed time delays after no
more than 60 minutes; and

5. Have a setpoint control that easily distinguishes set-
tings to within 10 percent offuU scale adjustment; and

6. Have a light sensor that has a linear response with 5 per-
cent accuracy over the range of illuminances measured
by the light sensor; and

7. If the device is a stepped switching control device,
show the status of lights in the controlled zone by an
indicator on the control device; and

8. If the device is a dimming control device, display the
light level measured by the light sensor, if the controlled

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

ALL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

electric lighting cannot be viewed from where setpoint
adjustments are made.

Exception to Section 119(e) 7 & 8: If the control
device is part of a networked system with a central
display of each control zone status, the status indica-
tor or light level display on each individual control
device shall not be required if control setpoint adjust-
ments can be made at the central display.

(f) Interior photosensors. Interior photosensors shall not
have a mechanical slide cover or other device that permits easy
unauthorized disabling of the control, and shall not be incorpo-
rated into wall-mounted occupant-sensors.

(g) Installation in accordance with manufacturer's
instructions. If an automatic time switch control device, occu-
pant-sensor, automatic daylighting control device or interior
photosensor is installed, it shall comply with both Items 1 and2
below.

1. The device shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions; and

2. Automatic daylighting control devices shall:

A. Be installed so that automatic daylighting control
devices control only luminaires within the daylit
area; and

B. Have photosensors that are either ceiling mounted or
located so that they are accessible only to authorized
personnel, and that are located so that they maintain
adequate illumination in the area in accordance with
the designer's or manufacturer's instructions.

(h) Multilevel astronomical time-switch controls. Multi-
level astronomical time-switch controls used to control light-
ing in daylit zones shall:

1. Contain at least two separately programmable steps
(relays) per zone that reduce illuminance in a relatively
uniform manner as specified in Section 131(b); and

2. Have a separate offset control for each step of 1 to 240
minutes; and

3 . Have sunrise and sunset prediction accuracy within +/-
15 minutes and timekeeping accuracy within 5 minutes
per year; and

4. Store time zone, longitude and latitude in nonvolatile
memory; and

5. Display date/time, sunrise and sunset, and switching
times for each step; and

6. Have an automatic daylight savings time adjustment;
and

7. Have automatic time switch capabilities specified in
Section 119(c).

(i) Automatic multilevel daylighting controls. An auto-
matic multilevel daylighting control used to control lighting in
daylit zones shall:

1. Meet all the requirements of Section 119 (e) for auto-
matic daylighting control devices; and

2. Meet all the multilevel and uniformity requirements of
Section 131 (b); and

3. Have a light sensor that is physically separated from
where setpoint adjustments are made; and

4. Have controls for calibration adjustments to the light-
ing control device that are readily accessible to autho-
rized personnel.

(j) Outdoor astronomical time-switch controls. Outdoor
astronomical time-switch controls used to control outdoor
lighting as specified in Section 132 (c) shall:

1 . Contain at least two separately programmable channels
per function area; and

2. Have the ability to independently offset the on and off
times for each channel by to 99 minutes before or after
sunrise or sunset; and

3 . Have sunrise and sunset prediction accuracy within +/-
1 5 minutes and timekeeping accuracy within 5 minutes
per year; and

4. Store time zone, longitude and latitude in nonvolatile
memory; and

5. Display date/time, sunrise and sunset; and

6. Have an automatic daylight savings time adjustment;
and

7. Have automatic time switch capabilities specified in
Section 119(c).

TABLE 11 9-A
ULTRASOUND MAXIMUM DECIBEL VALUES

MIDFREQUENCY OF SOUND

PRESSURE THIRD-OCTAVE

BAND

(in kHz)

MAXIMUM dB LEVEL WITHIN

THIRD-OCTAVE BAND

(in dB reference 20 micropascals)

Less than 20

20 or more to less than 25

105

25 or more to less than 3 1 .5

110

31.5 or more

115

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

34 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTERS

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL

OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR
SPACE-CONDITIONING AND SERVICE WATER-HEATING SYSTEMS

AND EQUIPMENT

SECTION 120

SPACE-CONDITIONING AND SERVICE

WATER-HEATING SYSTEMS AND

EQUIPMENT— GENERAL

Sections 121 through 129 establish requirements for the design
and installation of space-conditioning and service water-heat-
ing systems and equipment in nonresidential, high-rise resi-
dential and hotel/motel buildings subject to Title 24, Part 6. All
such buildings shall comply with the applicable provisions of
Sections 121 through 129.

SECTION 121
REQUIREMENTS FOR VENTILATION

(a) General requirements.

1 . All enclosed spaces in a building that are normally used
by humans shall be ventilated in accordance with the
requirements of this section and the CBC.

2. The outdoor air- ventilation rate and air-distribution
assumptions made in the design of the ventilating sys-
tem shall be clearly identified on the plans required by
Section 10-103 of Title 24, Part 1.

(b) Design requirements for minimum quantities of out-
door air. Every space in a building shall be designed to have
outdoor air ventilation according to Item 1 or 2 below:

1. Natural ventilation.

A. Naturally ventilated spaces shall be permanently
open to and within 20 feet of operable wall or roof
openings to the outdoors, the openable area of which
is not less than 5 percent of the conditioned floor
area of the naturally ventilated space. Where open-
ings are covered with louvers or otherwise
obstructed, openable area shall be based on the free
unobstructed area through the opening.

Exception to Section 121 (b) 1 A: Naturally ven-
tilated spaces in high-rise residential dwelling
units and hotel/motel guest rooms shall be open to
and within 25 feet of operable wall or roof open-
ings to the outdoors.

B. The means to open required operable openings shall
be readily accessible to building occupants when-
ever the space is occupied.

2. Mechanical ventilation. Each space that is not natu-
rally ventilated under Item 1 above shall be ventilated
with a mechanical system capable of providing an out-
door air rate no less than the larger of:

A. The conditioned floor area of the space times the
applicable ventilation rate from Table 121-A; or

B. 15 cfm per person times the expected number of
occupants. For meeting the requirement in Section
121 (b) 2 B for spaces without fixed seating, the
expected number of occupants shall be either the
expected number specified by the building designer
or one half the maximum occupant load assumed for
egress purposes in the CBC, whichever is greater.
For spaces with fixed seating, the expected number
of occupants shall be determined in accordance with
the CBC.

Exception to Section 121 (b) 2: Transfer air. The
rate of outdoor air required by Section 121 (b) 2
may be provided with air transferred from other
ventilated spaces if:

A. None of the spaces from which air is trans-
ferred have any unusual sources of indoor air
contaminants; and

B. Enough outdoor air is supplied to all spaces
combined to meet the requirements of Section
121 (b) 2 for each space individually.

1 . Times of occupancy. The minimum rate of outdoor air
required by Section 121 (b) 2 shall be supplied to each
space at all times when the space is usually occupied.

Exception 1 to Section 121 (c) 1: Demand control
ventilation. In intermittently occupied spaces that do
not have processes or operations that generate dusts,
fumes, mists, vapors or gasses and are not provided
with local exhaust ventilation (such as indoor opera-
tion of internal combustion engines or areas desig-
nated for unvented food service preparation), the rate
of outdoor air may be reduced if the ventilation sys-
tem serving the space is controlled by a demand con-
trol ventilation device complying with Section 121
(c)4.

Exception 2 to Section 121 (c) 1: Temporary reduc-
tion. The rate of outdoor air provided to a space may
be reduced below the level required by Section 121
(b) 2 for up to five minutes each hour if the average
rate each hour is the required rate.

Note: VAV must comply with Section 121 (c) 1 at
minimum supply airflow.

2. Pre-occupancy. The lesser of the minimumrate of out-
door air required by Section 12 1 (b) 2 or three complete

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

air changes shall be supplied to the entire building dur-
ing the one-hour period immediately before the build-
ing is normally occupied.

3. Required demand control ventilation. HVAC single
zone systems with the following characteristics shall
have demand ventilation controls complying with Sec-
tion 121 (c)4:

A. They have an outdoor air economizer; and

B. They serve a space with a design occupant density,
or a maximum occupant load factor for egress pur-
poses in the CBC, greater than or equal to 25 people
per 1000 ft" (40 square feet per person).

Exception 1 to Section 121 (c) 3 B: Classrooms
are not required to have demand control
ventilation.

Exception 2 to Section 121 (c) 3 B: Where space
exhaust is greater than the design ventilation rate
specified in 121 (b) 2 B minus 0.2 cfm per ft^ of
conditioned area.

Exception 3 to Section 121 (c) 3 B: Spaces that
have processes or operations that generate dusts,
fumes, mists, vapors or gases and are not provided
with local exhaust ventilation (such as indoor
operation of internal combustion engines or areas
designated for unvented food service preparation).

4. Demand control ventilation devices.

A. For each system with demand control ventilation,
CO2 sensors shall be installed in each room that
meets the criteria of 121 (c) 3 B;

B . CO2 sensors shall be located in the room between 1 ft
and 6 ft above the floor;

C. Demand ventilation controls shall maintain CO2
concentrations less than or equal to 600 ppm plus the
outdoor air CO2 concentration in all rooms with CO2
sensors;

Exception to Section 121 (c) 4 C: The outdoor air
ventilation rate is not required to be larger than the
design outdoor air ventilation rate required by Sec-
tion 121 (b) 2 regardless of CO2 concentration.

D. Outdoor air CO2 concentration shall be determined
by one of the following:

i. CO2 concentration shall be assumed to be 400
ppm without any direct measurement; or

ii. CO2 concentration shall be dynamically mea-
sured using a CO2 sensor located near the posi-
tion of the outdoor air intake.

E. When the system is operating during hours of
expected occupancy, the controls shall maintain sys-
tem outdoor air ventilation rates no less than the rate
listed in Table 121-A times the conditioned floor
area for spaces with CO2 sensors, plus the rate
required by 121 (b) 2 for other spaces served by the
system, or the exhaust air rate, whichever is greater;

F. CO2 sensors shall be certified by the manufacturer to
have an accuracy of no less than 75 ppm, factory cal-

ibrated or calibrated at start-up, and certified by the
manufacturer to require calibration no more fre-
quently than once every 5 years.

TABLE 121-A
MINIMUM VENTILATION RATES

TYPE OF USE

CFM PER SQUARE FOOT

OF CONDITIONED FLOOR

AREA

Auto repair workshops

1.50

Barber shops

0.40

Bars, cocktail lounges and casinos

0.2

Beauty shops

0.40

Coin-operated dry cleaning

0.30

Commercial dry cleaning

0.45

High-rise residential

Ventilation rates
specified by the CBC

Hotel guest rooms (less than 500 sq ft)

30 cfm/guest room

Hotel guest rooms (500 sq ft or greater)

0.15

Retail stores

0.20

All others

0.15

5. Demand control ventilation acceptance. Before an
occupancy permit is granted for a newly constructed
building or space, or a new space-conditioning system
serving a building or space is operated for normal use,
all demand control ventilation devices serving the
building or space shall be certified as meeting the
Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance. A
Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the
building department that:

A. Certifies that plans, specifications, installation cer-
tificates, and operating and maintenance informa-
tion meet the requirements of Part 6.

B. Certifies that the demand control ventilation devices
meet the requirements of Section 121 (c) 4.

(d) Ducting for zonal heating and cooling units. Where a
return plenum is used to distribute outdoor air to a zonal heat-
ing or cooling unit, which then supplies the air to a space in
order to meet the requirements of Section 12 1 (b) 2, the outdoor
air shall be ducted to discharge either:

1. Within 5 feet of the unit; or

2. Within 15 feet of the unit, substantially toward the unit,
and at a velocity not less than 500 feet per minute.

(e) Design and control requirements for quantities of
outdoor air. All mechanical ventilation and space-condition-
ing systems shall be designed with and have installed
ductwork, dampers and controls to allow outside air rates to be
operated at the larger of (1) the minimum levels specified in
Section 121 (b) 2; or (2) the rate required for make-up of
exhaust systems that are required for a process, for control of
odors, or for the removal of contaminants within the space.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

(f) Ventilation system acceptance. Before an occupancy
permit is granted for a newly constructed building or space, or a
new ventilating system serving a building or space is operated
for normal use, all ventilation systems serving the building or
space shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Require-
ments for Code Compliance. A Certificate of Acceptance shall
be submitted to the building department that:

1. Certifies plans, specifications, installation certificates,
and operating and maintenance information meet the
requirements of Part 6; and

2. Certifies plans and specifications meet the require-
ments of Section 121 (b) 2; and

3 . Certifies measured outside air is within ten (10) percent
of the minimum ventilation rate specified in the plans
and specifications.

SECTION 122

REQUIRED CONTROLS FOR

SPACE-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Space-conditioning systems shall be installed with controls
that comply with the applicable requirements of Subsections
(a) through (h).

(a) Tliermostatic controls for eacli zone. The supply of
heating and cooling energy to each space-conditioning zone or
dwelling unit shall be controlled by an individual thermostatic
control that responds to temperature within the zone and that
meets the applicable requirements of Subsection (b).

Exception to Section 122 (a): An independent perimeter
heating or cooling system may serve more than one zone
without individual thermostatic controls if:

A. All zones are also served by an interior cooling system;

B. The perimeter system is designed solely to offset enve-
lope heat losses or gains;

C. The perimeter system has at least one thermostatic con-
trol for each building orientation of 50 feet or more; and

D. The perimeter system is controlled by at least one ther-
mostat located in one of the zones served by the system.

(b) Criteria for zonal thermostatic controls. The individ-
ual thermostatic controls required by Subsection (a) shall meet
the following requirements as applicable:

1 . Where used to control comfort heating, the thermostatic
controls shall be capable of being set, locally or
remotely, by adjustment or selection of sensors, down
to 55°F or lower.

2. Where used to control comfort cooling, the thermo-
static controls shall be capable of being set, locally or
remotely, by adjustment or selection of sensors, up to
85°F or higher.

3. Where used to control both comfort heating and com-
fort cooling, the thermostatic controls shall meet Items
1 and 2 and shall be capable of providing a temperature
range or dead band of at least 5°F within which the sup-
ply of heating and cooling energy to the zone is shut off
or reduced to a minimum.

Exception to Section 122 (b): Systems serving zones
that must have constant temperatures to prevent deg-
radation of materials, a process, or plants or animals.

Exception to Section 122 (b) 3: Systems with ther-
mostats that require manual changeover between
heating and cooling modes.

(c) Hotel/motel guest room and high-rise residential
dwelling unit thermostats. Hotel/motel guest room thermo-
stats shall have:

1. Numeric temperature setpoints in °F; and

2. Setpoint stops accessible only to authorized personnel,
to restrict overheating and overcooling.

High-rise residential dwelling unit thermostats shall meet
the control requirements of Section 150 (i).

(d) Heat pump controls. All heat pumps with supplemen-
tary electric resistance heaters shall be installed with controls
that comply with Section 112 (b).

(e) Shut-off and reset controls for space-conditioning
systems. Each space-conditioning system shall be installed
with controls that comply with Items 1 and 2 below:

1 . The control shall be capable of automatically shutting
off the system during periods of nonuse and shall have :

A. An automatic time switch control device complying
with Section 119 (c), with an accessible manual
override that allows operation of the system for up to
four hours; or

B. An occupancy sensor; or

C. A four-hour timer that can be manually operated.

Exception to Section 122 (e) 1: Mechanical sys-
tems serving retail stores and associated malls, res-
taurants, grocery stores, churches and theaters
equipped with 7-day programmable timers.

2. The control shall automatically restart and temporarily
operate the system as required to maintain:

A. A setback heating thermostat setpoint if the system
provides mechanical heating; and

Exception to Section 122 (e) 2A: Thermostat set-
back controls are not required in areas where the
Winter Median of Extremes outdoor air tempera-
ture determined in accordance with Section 144
(b) 4 is greater than 32°F.

B. A setup cooling thermostat setpoint if the system
provides mechanical cooling.

Exception 1 to Section 122 (e): Where it can be
demonstrated to the satisfaction of the enforcing
agency that the system serves an area that must
operate continuously.

Exception 2 to Section 122 (e): Where it can be
demonstrated to the satisfaction of the enforcing
agency that shutdown, setback and setup will not
result in a decrease in overall building source
energy use.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

Exception 3 to Section 122 (e): Systems with full
load demands of 2 kw or less, if they have a readily
accessible manual shut-off switch.

Exception 4 to Section 122 (e): Systems serving
hotel/motel guest rooms, if they have a readily
accessible manual shut-off switch.

Exception to Section 122 (e) 2B: Thermostat
setup controls are not required in areas where the
Summer Design Dry Bulb 0.5 percent temperature
determined in accordance with Section 144 (b) 4 is
less than 100°F.

(f) Dampers for air supply and exhaust equipment. Out-
door air supply and exhaust equipment shall be installed with
dampers that automatically close upon fan shutdown.

Exception 1 to Section 122 (f): Where it can be demon-
strated to the satisfaction of the enforcing agency that the
equipment serves an area that must operate continuously.

Exception 2 to Section 122 (f) : Gravity and other
nonelectrical equipment that has readily accessible manual
damper controls.

Exception 3 to Section 122 (f): At combustion air intakes
and shaft vents.

Exception 4 to Section 122 (i): Where prohibited by other
provisions of law.

(g) Isolation area devices. Each space-conditioning system
serving multiple zones with a combined conditioned floor area
of more than 25,000 square feet shall be designed, installed and
controlled to serve isolation areas.

1. Each zone, or any combination of zones not exceeding
25,000 square feet, shall be a separate isolation area.

2. Each isolation area shall be provided with isolation
devices, such as valves or dampers, that allow the sup-
ply of heating or cooling to be setback or shut off inde-
pendently of other isolation areas.

3 . Each isolation area shall be controlled by a device meet-
ing the requirements of Section 122 (e) 1.

Exception to Section 122 (g): A zone need not be iso-
lated if it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the
enforcement agency that the zone must be heated or
cooled continuously.

(h) Space conditioning controls acceptance. Before an
occupancy permit is granted for a newly constructed building
or space, or a new space-conditioning or ventilating system
serving a building or space is operated for normal use, all
space-conditioning controls serving the building or space,
which is the subject of the building permit, shall be certified as
meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance.
A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the building
department that:

1. Certifies plans, specifications, installation certificates,
and operating and maintenance information meet the
requirements of Part 6.

2. Certifies that the space-conditioning system meets the
requirements of Sections 121 (c) 1 and 121 (c) 2.

3. Certifies that space-conditioning controls meet the
requirements of Section 122 (a) through Section 122
(g).

SECTION 123
REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPE INSULATION

The piping for all space-conditioning and service water-heat-
ing systems with fluid temperatures listed in Table 123-A shall
have the amount of insulation specified in Subsection (a) or (b).
hisulation conductivity shall be determined in accordance with
ASTM C 335 at the mean temperature listed in Table 123-A,
and shall be rounded to the nearest Vioo Btu-inch per hour per
square foot per °F.

Insulation shall be protected from damage, including that
due to sunlight, moisture, equipment maintenance and wind,
including but not limited to, the following:

Insulation exposed to weather shall be suitable for outdoor
service, e.g., protected by aluminum, sheet metal, painted can-
vas or plastic cover. Cellular foam insulation shall be protected
as above or painted with a coating that is water retardant and
provides shielding from solar radiation that can cause degrada-
tion of the material.

Insulation covering chilled water piping and refrigerant suc-
tion piping located outside the conditioned space shall include
a vapor retardant located outside the insulation (unless the
insulation is inherently vapor retardant), all penetrations and
joints of which shall be sealed.

Exception 1 to Section 123: Factory-installed piping
within space-conditioning equipment certified under Sec-
tion 111 or 112.

Exception 2 to Section 123 : Piping that conveys fluids with
a design operating temperature range between 60°F and
105°F.

Exception 3 to Section 123: Piping that serves process
loads, gas piping, cold domestic water piping, condensate
drains, roof drains, vents or waste piping.

Exception 4 to Section 123: Where the heat gain or heat
loss to or from piping without insulation will not increase
building source energy use.

Exception 5 to Section 123: Piping that penetrates framing
members shall not be required to have pipe insulation for the
distance of the framing penetration. Metal piping that pene-
trates metal framing shall use grommets, plugs, wrapping or
other insulating material to assure that no contact is made
with the metal framing.

(a) For insulation with a conductivity in the range shown in
Table 123-A for the applicable fluid temperature range, the
insulation shall have the applicable thickness shown in Table
123-A.

(b) For insulation with a conductivity outside the range
shown in Table 123-A for the applicable fluid temperature
range, the insulation shall have a minimum thickness as calcu-
lated with Equation 123-A:

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

EQUATION (123-A) - INSULATION THICKNESS EQUATION

where:

T = PR^^l.-\'-X\

minimum insulation thickness for material with con-
ductivity K, inches.

pipe actual outside radius, inches,
insulation thickness from Table 123-A, inches,
conductivity of alternate material at the mean rating
temperature indicated in Table 1 23-A for the applica-
ble fluid temperature range, in Btu-inch per hour per
square foot per °F.

The lower value of the conductivity range listed in
Table 123-A for the applicable fluid temperature
range, Btu-inch per hour per square foot per °F.

SECTION 124

REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR DISTRIBUTION

SYSTEM DUCTS AND PLENUMS

(a) CMC compliance. All air distribution system ducts and
plenums, including but not limited to building cavities,
mechanical closets, air-handler boxes and support platforms
used as ducts or plenums, shall be installed, sealed and insu-
lated to meet the requirements of the 2001 CMC Sections 601,
602, 603, 604, 605 and Standard 6-5, incorporated herein by
reference. Connections of metal ducts and the inner core of
flexible ducts shall be mechanically fastened. Openings shall
be sealed with mastic, tape, aerosol sealant or other duct-clo-
sure system that meets the applicable requirements of UL 181,

UL 1 8 1 A, or UL 1 8 1 B. If mastic or tape is used to seal openings
greater than V4 inch, the combination of mastic and either mesh
or tape shall be used.

Portions of supply-air and return-air ducts conveying heated
or cooled air located in one or more of the following spaces
shall be insulated to a minimum installed level of R-8:

1 . Outdoors, or

2 . In a space between the roof and an insulated ceiling, or

3 . In a space directly under a roof with fixed vents or open-
ings to the outside or unconditioned spaces, or

4. In an unconditioned crawlspace, or

5. In other unconditioned spaces.

Portions of supply-air ducts that are not in one of these
spaces shall be insulated to a minimum installed level of R-4.2
(or any higher level required by CMC Section 605) or be
enclosed in directly conditioned space.

(b) Duct and plenum materials.

1. Factory-fabricated duct systems.

A. All factory-fabricated duct systems shall comply
with UL 181 for ducts and closure systems, includ-
ing collars, connections and splices, and be UL
labeled.

B. All pressure-sensitive tapes, heat-activated tapes,
and mastics used in the manufacture of rigid fiber-
glass ducts shall comply with UL 181.

C. All pressure-sensitive tapes and mastics used with
flexible ducts shall comply with UL 181 or UL
181B.

D. Joints and seams of duct systems and their compo-
nents shall not be sealed with cloth-back rubber
adhesive duct tapes unless such tape is used in com-
bination with mastic and drawbands.

TABLE 123 A-PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS

FLUID TEMPERATURE RANGE,

(T)

CONDUCTIVITY RANGE

(in Btu-inch per hour per

square foot per °F)

NOMINAL PIPE DIAMETER (in inches)

INSULATION MEAN

RATING
TEMPERATURE (T)

Runouts
up to 2

1 and
less

1.25-2

2.50-4

5-6

8 and
larger

INSULATION THICKNESS REQUIRED (in inches)

Space heating systems (steam, steam condensate and hot water)

Above 350

0.32-0.34

250

1.5

2.5

3.0

3.5

251-350

0.29-0.31

200

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.5

201-250

0.27-0.30

150

1.0

1.5

2.0

3.5

141-200

0.25-0.29

125

0.5

1.5

105-140

0.24-0.28

100

0.5

1.0

1.5

Service water-heating systems (recirculating sections, all piping in electric trace tape systems,
and the first 8 feet of piping from the storage tank for nonrecirculating systems)

Above 105

0.24-0.28

100

0.5

1.0

1.5

Space cooling systems (chilled water, refrigerant and brine)

40-60

0.23-0.27

0.5

1.0

I.O

1.0

Below 40

0.23-0.27

1.0

1.5

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

2. Field-fabricated duct systems.

A. Factory-made rigid fiberglass and flexible ducts for
field-fabricated duct systems shall comply with UL
181. All pressure-sensitive tapes, mastics, aerosol
sealants or other closure systems used for installing
field-fabricated duct systems shall meet the applica-
ble requirements of UL 1 8 1 , UL 1 8 1 A, or UL 1 8 1 B.

B. Mastic sealants and mesh.

i. Sealants shall comply with UL 1 8 1 , UL 1 8 1 A, or
UL 18 IB, and be nontoxic and water resistant.

ii. Sealants for interior applications shall pass
ASTM tests C 731 (extrudability after aging)
and D 2202 (slump test on vertical surfaces),
incorporated herein by reference.

iii. Sealants for exterior applications shall pass
ASTM tests C 731, C 732 (artificial weathering
test), and D 2202, incorporated herein by
reference.

iv. Sealants and meshes shall be rated for exterior
use.

C. Pressure-sensitive tape. Pressure-sensitive tapes
shall comply with UL 181, UL 181A, orUL 18 IB.

D. Joints and seams of duct systems and their compo-
nents shall not be sealed with cloth-back rubber
adhesive duct tapes unless such tape is used in com-
bination with mastic and drawbands.

E. Drawbands used with flexible duct.

i. Drawbands shall be either stainless-steel
worm-drive hose clamps or UV-resistant nylon
duct ties.

ii. Drawbands shall have a minimum tensile
strength rating of 150 pounds.

iii. Drawbands shall be tightened as recommended
by the manufacturer with an adjustable
tensioning tool.

F. Aerosol-sealant closures.

i. Aerosol sealants shall meet the requirements of
UL 723 and be applied according to manufac-
turer specifications.

ii. Tapes or mastics used in combination with aero-
sol sealing shall meet the requirements of this
section.

(c) All duct insulation product 7?-values shall be based on
insulation only (excluding air films, vapor barriers or other
duct components) and tested C-values at 75 °F mean tempera-
ture at the installed thickness, in accordance with ASTM C 5 1 8
or ASTM C 177, incorporated herein by reference, and certi-
fied pursuant to Section 118.

(d) The installed thickness of duct insulation used to deter-
mine its 7?-value shall be determined as follows:

1 . For duct board, duct liner and factory-made rigid ducts
not normally subjected to compression, the nominal
insulation thickness shall be used.

2. For duct wrap, installed thickness shall be assumed to
be 75 percent (25 percent compression) of nominal
thickness.

3. For factory-made flexible air ducts, the installed thick-
ness shall be determined by dividing the difference
between the actual outside diameter and nominal inside
diameter by two.

(e) Insulated flexible duct products installed to meet this
requirement must include labels, in maximum intervals of 3
feet, showing the thermal performance i?-value for the duct
insulation itself (excluding air films, vapor barriers or other
duct components), based on the tests in Section 124 (c) and the
installed thickness determined by Section 124 (d) 3.

(f) Protection of insulation. Insulation shall be protected
from damage, including that due to sunlight, moisture, equip-
ment maintenance and wind, but not limited to the following:

SECTION 125

REQUIRED NONRESIDENTIAL MECHANICAL

SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE

(a) Air distribution system duct and plenum acceptance.

Before an occupancy permit is granted for a newly constructed
building or space, or a new space-conditioning or ventilating
system serving a building or space is operated for normal use,
all air distribution system ducts and plenums serving the build-
ing or space shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance
Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified by the Non-
residential ACM Manual. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be
submitted to the building department that:

1. Certifies plans, specifications, installation certificates,
and operating and maintenance information meet the
requirements of Part 6.

2. Certifies that air distribution ducts and plenums meet
the requirements of Section 124 (a) through Section
124 (f).

3. Certifies that air distribution ducts meet the require-
ments of Section 1 44 (k) for duct sealing to comply with
the Prescriptive Approach or to comply with Section
141.

Exception to Section 125(a): Variable air volume
(VAV) systems, multiplezone heating and air condi-
tioning equipment, and single zone air conditioners,
furnaces and heat pumps for which the criteria in Sec-
tion 144 (k) 1,2 and 3 do not apply.

(b) Economizer acceptance. Before an occupancy permit is
granted for a newly constructed building or space, or a new
space-conditioning system serving a building or space is oper-
ated for normal use, all economizers serving the building or
space shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Require-
ments for Code Compliance, as specified by the Nonresidential

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

ACM Manual. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted
to the building department that:

1. Certifies plans, specifications, installation certificates,
and operating and maintenance information meet the
requirements of Part 6; and

2 . Certifies that the economizers meet the requirements of
Section 144 (e) for economizers installed to comply
with the Prescriptive Approach or to comply with Sec-
tion 141.

SECTION 127 — Reserved.

SECTION 128 — Reserved.

SECTION 129 — Reserved.

Exception to Section 125(b): Air economizers
installed by the HVAC equipment manufacturer and
certified to the commission as being factory cali-
brated and tested.

(c) Variable air volume system acceptance. Before an
occupancy permit is granted for a newly constructed building
or space, or a new space-conditioning system serving a build-
ing or space is operated for normal use, all variable speed fans
serving the building or space shall be certified as meeting the
Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified
by the Nonresidential ACM Manual. A Certificate of Accep-
tance shall be submitted to the building department that:

1. Certifies plans, specifications, installation certificates,
and operating and maintenance information meet the
requirements of Part 6.

2. Certifies that the fans meet:

A. The requirements of Section 144 (c) 2 for variable
air volume systems installed to comply with the Pre-
scriptive Approach; or

B. The requirements of Sections 144 (c) 2 B, 144 (c) 2 C
and 144 (c) 2 D for variable air volume systems
installed to comply with Section 141.

(d) Hydronic system controls acceptance. Before an occu-
pancy permit is granted for a newly constructed building or
space, or a new space-conditioning system serving a building
or space is operated for normal use, all hydronic systems serv-
ing the building or space shall be certified as meeting the
Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified
by the Nonresidential ACM Manual. A Certificate of Accep-
tance shall be submitted to the building department that:

1. Certifies plans, specifications, installation certificates,
and operating and maintenance information meet the
requirements of Part 6.

2. Certifies that the fans meet the requirements of Section
144 (j) for hydronic systems installed to comply with
the Prescriptive Approach or to comply with Section
141.

SECTION 126 — Reserved.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

42 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTER 4

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL
OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHTING

SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT

SECTION 130

LIGHTING CONTROLS AND

EQUIPMENT— GENERAL

(a) Except as provided in Subsection (b), the design and
installation of all lighting systems and equipment in nonresi-
dential, high-rise residential, hotel/motel buildings and out-
door lighting subject to Title 24, Part 6, shall comply with the
applicable provisions of Sections 131 through 139.

(b) Indoor lighting in high-rise residential living quarters
and hotel/motel guest rooms. The design and installation of
all lighting systems and equipment in high-rise residential liv-
ing quarters and in hotel/motel guest rooms shall comply with
the applicable provisions of Section 150 (k).

Exception to Section 130 (b): Up to 1 percent of the guest
rooms in a hotel/motel need not comply.

(c) Luminaire power. Luminaire wattage incorporated into
the installed lighting power shall be determined in accordance
with the following criteria:

1. The wattage of incandescent or tungsten-halogen
luminaires with medium screw base sockets and not
containing permanently installed ballasts shall be the
maximum relamping rated wattage of the luminaire, as
listed on a permanent factory-installed label, as speci-
fied by UL 1598.

2. The wattage of luminaires with permanently installed
or remotely installed ballasts shall be the operating
input wattage of the rated lamp/ballast combination
published in manufacturer's catalogs based on inde-
pendent testing lab reports as specified by UL 1598.

3. The wattage of line- voltage lighting track and plug-in
busway which allow the addition or relocation of
luminaires without altering the wiring of the system
shall be the volt-ampere rating of the branch circuit
feeding the luminaires or an integral current limiter
controlling the luminaires, or the higher of the maxi-
mum relamping rated wattage of all the luminaires
included in the system, listed on a permanent
factory-installed label, as specified by UL 1574, or 45
watts per linear foot.

4. The wattage of low-voltage lighting track, cable con-
ductor, rail conductor and other low-voltage flexible
lighting systems, which allows the addition or reloca-
tion of luminaires without altering the wiring of the sys-
tem, shall be the rated wattage of the transformer
supplying the system, listed on a permanent factory
installed label as specified by UL 1574 or UL 1598.

5. The wattage of all other miscellaneous lighting equip-
ment shall be the maximum rated wattage of the light-
ing equipment or operating input wattage of the system,
listed on a permanent factory-installed label or pub-

lished in manufacturers' catalogs, based on independ-
ent testing lab reports as specified by UL 1574 or UL
1598.

SECTION 131

INDOOR LIGHTING CONTROLS THAT

SHALL BE INSTALLED

(a) Area controls.

1. Each area enclosed by ceiling-height partitions shall
have an independent switching or control device. This
switching or control device shall be:

A. Readily accessible; and

B. Located so that a person using the device can see the
lights or area controlled by that switch, or so that the
area being lit is annunciated; and

C. Manually operated, or automatically controlled by
an occupant sensor that meets the requirements of
Section 119(d).

2. Other devices may be installed in conjunction with the
switching or control device, provided that they:

A. Permit the switching or control device to override
the action of all other devices in each area enclosed
by ceiling height partitions; and

B. Reset the mode of any automatic system to normal
operation without further action.

Exceptions to Section 131 (a):

1 . Up to one-half watt per square foot of lighting
in any area within a building that must be con-
tinuously illuminated for reasons of building
security or emergency egress, if

A. The area is designated a security or emer-
gency egress area on the plans and specifica-
tions submitted to the enforcement agency
under Section 10-103 (a)(2)ofTitle24,Part
1; and

B . The area is controlled by switches accessible
only to authorized personnel.

2. Public areas with switches that are accessible
only to authorized personnel.

(b) Multilevel lighting controls. The general lighting of any
enclosed space 1 00 square feet or larger in which the connected
lighting load exceeds 0.8 watt per square foot, and that has
more than one light source (luminaire), shall have multilevel
lighting controls. A multilevel lighting control is a lighting
control that reduces lighting power by either continuous dim-
ming, stepped dimming or stepped switching while maintain-

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

ing a reasonably uniform level of illuminance throughout the
area controlled. Multilevel controls shall have at least one con-
trol step that is between 50 percent and 70 percent of design
lighting power and at least one step of minimum light output
operating at less than 35 percent of full rated lighting system
power (this control step could be completely off, creating a
bilevel control). A reasonably uniform level of illuminance in
an area shall be achieved by any of the following:

1 . Dimming all lamps or luminaires; or

2. Switching alternate lamps in luminaires, alternate
luminaires and alternate rows of luminaires.

Exception to Section 131 (b): Lights in corridors.

(c) Daylit areas. Luminaires providing general lighting that
are in or are partially in the daylit area shall be controlled
according to the applicable requirements in items 1 and 2
below. The day-lit area under skylights shall be the rough open-
ing of the skylight plus, in each of the lateral and longitudinal
dimensions of the skylight, the lesser of 70 percent of the
floor-to-ceiling height, the distance to the nearest 60-inch or
higher permanent partition, or one half the horizontal distance
to the edge of the closest skylight or vertical glazing. The daylit
area illuminated by vertical glazing shall be the daylit depth
multiplied by the daylit width, where the daylit depth is 15 feet,
or the distance on the floor, perpendicular to the glazing, to the
nearest 60-inch or higher permanent partition, whichever is
less; and the daylit width is the width of the window plus, on
each side, either 2 feet, the distance to a permanent partition, or
one half the distance to the closest skylight or vertical glazing,
whichever is least.

1. Daylit areas greater than 250 square feet in any
enclosed space shall have at least one lighting control
that:

A. Controls at least 50 percent of the power in the daylit
areas separately from other lighting in the enclosed
space; and

B. Controls luminaires in vertically daylit areas sepa-
rately from horizontally daylit areas.

C. Maintains a reasonably uniform level of illuminance
in the daylit area using one of the methods specified
in Section 131 (b) 1 or 2.

2. When the daylit area in any enclosed space is under sky-
lights and has a total area greater than 2,500 square feet,
the general lighting in the daylit area under skylights
shall be controlled separately by either an automatic
multilevel daylighting control that meets the require-
ments of Section 119 (i) or a multilevel astronomical
time switch that meets the requirements of section 119
(h) and has override switches that meet the require-
ments of Section 131 (d) 2.

Exceptions to Section 131 (c):

1 . Daylit areas where the effective aperature is less
than 0. 1 for vertical glazing and less than 0.006 for
skylights. The effective aperture for vertical glaz-
ing is the visible light transmittance (VLT) times
the window wall ratio. The effective aperture for
skylights is specified in Section 146 (a) 4 E.

2. Daylit areas where existing adjacent structures or
natural objects obstruct daylight to the extent that
effective use of daylighting is not feasible.

(d) Shut-off controls.

1 . For every floor, all indoor interior lighting systems shall
be equipped with a separate automatic control to shut
off the lighting. This automatic control shall meet the
requirements of Section 119 and may be an occupant
sensor, automatic time switch or other device capable of
automatically shutting off the lighting.

Exceptions to Section 131 (d) 1:

1 . Where the system is serving an area that must be
continuously lit, 24 hours per day/365 days per
year.

2. Lighting in corridors, guest rooms and lodging
quarters of high-rise residential buildings and
hotel/motels.

3. Up to V2 watt per square foot of lighting in any area
within a building that must be continuously illumi-
nated for reasons of building security or emer-
gency egress.

2. If an automatic time switch control device is installed to
comply with Section 131 (d) 1, it shall incorporate an
override switching device that:

A. Is readily accessible; and

B. Is located so that a person using the device can see
the lights or the area controlled by that switch, or so
that the area being lit is annunciated; and

C. Is manually operated; and

D. Allows the lighting to remain on for no more than
two hours when an override is initiated; and

Exception to Section 131 (d) 2 D: In malls, audi-
toriums, single tenant retail spaces, industrial
facilities and arenas where captive-key override is
utilized, override time may exceed 2 hours.

E. Controls an area enclosed by ceiling height parti-
tions not exceeding 5,000 square feet.

Exception to Section 131 (d) 2 E: In malls, audi-
toriums, single tenant retail spaces, industrial
facilities, convention centers and arenas, the area
controlled may not exceed 20,000 square feet.

3 . If an automatic time switch control device is installed to
comply with Section 131 (d) 1, it shall incorporate an
automatic holiday "shut-off feature that turns off all
loads for at least 24 hours, then resumes the normally
scheduled operation.

Exception to Section 131 (d) 3: Retail stores and
associated malls, restaurants, grocery stores,
churches and theaters.

(e) Display ligliting. Display lighting shall be separately
switched on circuits that are 20 amps or less.

(f) Lighting control acceptance. Before an occupancy per-
mit is granted for a new building or space, or a new lighting sys-
tem serving a building or space is operated for normal use, all

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

lighting controls serving the building or space shall be certified
as meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compli-
ance. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the
building department that:

1. Certifies that plans, specifications, installation certifi-
cates, and operating and maintenance information meet
the requirements of Part 6.

2. Certifies that automatic daylighting controls meet the
requirements of Section 119 (e) through Section 119

(g)-

3 . Certifies that lighting controls meet the requirements of
Section 131 (a) through Section 131 (c), Sections 131
(e) and (f), and Section 146 (a) 4 D.

4. Certifies that automatic lighting controls meet the
requirements of Section 119 (c) and 131 (d).

5. Certifies that occupant-sensors meet the requirements
ofSection 119(d) and 131(d).

SECTION 132

OUTDOOR LIGHTING CONTROLS AND

EQUIPMENT

(a) Outdoor lighting. All permanently installed outdoor
luminaires employing lamps rated over 100 watts shall either:
have a lamp efficacy of at least 60 lumens per watt; or be con-
trolled by a motion sensor.

Exceptions to Section 132 (a):

1 . Lighting required by a health or life safety statute, ordi-
nance or regulation, including but not limited to, emer-
gency lighting.

2. Lighting used in or around swimming pools, water fea-
tures or other locations subject to Article 680 of the Cali-
fornia Electrical Code.

3. Searchlights.

4. Theme lighting for use in theme parks.

5. Lighting for film or live performances.

6. Temporary outdoor lighting.

7. Light emitting diode, neon and cold cathode lighting.

(b) Luminaire cutoff requirements. All outdoor

luminaires that use lamps rated greater than 175 watts in
hardscape areas including parking lots, building entrances,
sales and nonsales canopies, and all outdoor sales areas shall be
designated Cutoff for light distribution. To comply with this
requirement the luminaire shall be rated Cutoff in a photomet-
ric test report that includes any tilt or other nonlevel mounting
condition of the installed luminaire. Cutoff is a luminaire light
distribution classification where the candela per 1000 lamp
lumens does not numerically exceed 25 at or above a vertical
angle of ninety degrees above nadir, and 1 00 at or above a verti-
cal angle of eighty degrees above nadir. Nadir is in the direction
of straight down, as would be indicated by a plumb line. Ninety
degrees above nadir is horizontal. Eighty degrees above nadir
is 10 degrees below horizontal.

Exceptions to Section 132 (b):

1 . Internally illuminated, externally illuminated and unfil-
tered signs.

2. Lighting for building facades, public monuments, stat-
ues and vertical surfaces of bridges.

3. Lighting required by a health or life safety statute, ordi-
nance or regulation, including but not limited to, emer-
gency lighting.

4. Temporary outdoor lighting.

5. Lighting used in or around swimming pools, water fea-
tures or other locations subject to Article 680 of the Cali-
fornia Electrical Code.

1 . All permanently installed outdoor lighting shall be con-
trolled by a photocontrol or astronomical time switch
that automatically turns off the outdoor lighting when
daylight is available.

Exception to Section 132 (c) 1: Lighting in parking
garages, tunnels and large covered areas that require
illumination during daylight hours.

2. For lighting of building facades, parking lots, garages,
sales and nonsales canopies, and all outdoor sales areas,
where two or more luminaires are used, an automatic
time switch shall be installed that (1 ) turns off the light-
ing when not needed and (2) reduces the lighting power
(in watts) by at least 50 percent but not exceeding 80
percent or provides continuous dimming through a
range that includes 50 percent through 80 percent
reduction. This control shall meet the requirements of
Section 119(c).

Exceptions to Section 132 (c) 2:

1 . Lighting required by a health or life-safety statute,
ordinance or regulation, including but not limited
to, emergency lighting.

2. Lighting for steps or stairs that require illumina-
tion during daylight hours.

3. Lighting that is controlled by a motion sensor and
photocontrol.

4. Lighting for facilities that have equal lighting
requirements at all hours and are designed to oper-
ate continuously.

5. Temporary outdoor lighting.

6. Internally illuminated, externally illuminated and
unfiltered signs.

SECTION 133 — Reserved.

SECTION 134 — Reserved.

SECTION 135 — Reserved.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 136 — Reserved.
SECTION 137 — Reserved.
SECTION 138 — Reserved.
SECTION 139 — Reserved.

46 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTERS

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL

OCCUPANCIES— PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE

COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY

EFFICIENCY

SECTION 140

CHOICE OF PERFORMANCE AND

PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACHES

The envelope and the space-conditioning, lighting and service
water-heating systems of all nonresidential, high-rise residen-
tial and hotel/motel buildings subject to Title 24, Part 6, shall be
designed, constructed and installed either:

(a) Performance approach — to use no more TDV energy
from depletable sources than the energy budget, calculated
according to Section 141; or

(b) Prescriptive approach — in accordance with all the
applicable requirements of Sections 142 through 146.

SECTION 141
PERFORMANCE APPROACH: ENERGY BUDGETS

In order to meet the energy budget, a proposed building 's use of
TDV energy calculated under Subsection (b) must be no
greater than the TDV energy budget calculated under Subsec-
tion (a).

(a) Energy budget. The energy budget for a proposed build-
ing is the sum of the space-conditioning, lighting and service
water-heating budgets in Subdivisions 1 , 2 and 3 of this subsec-
tion, expressed in Btu per square foot of conditioned floor area
per year.

1. Space-conditioning budget. The space-conditioning
budget is the TDV energy used for space conditioning
in a standard building in the climate zone in which the
proposed building is located, calculated with a method
approved by the commission (expressed in TDV energy
per square foot of conditioned floor area per year), and
assuming that:

A. The standard building has space heating, space cool-
ing and ventilation systems that meet, but do not
exceed, the minimum efficiency requirements of
Sections 111 and 112, and the requirements of Sec-
tion 144; and

B. The performance of the roof/ceiling, walls, floors
and soffits, windows, and skylights is equal to an
applicable value using the same assembly type from
Table 143-B, 143-C or 143-D, and for nonresiden-
tial buildings with low-sloped roofs, the roof initial
solar reflectance and initial thermal emittance is
equal to the values specified in Section 1 1 8 (i) 1 ; and

C. The zoning, the orientation of each building feature,
and the gross envelope areas of the standard build-
ing are the same as in the proposed building; and

D. The window area of the west-facing wall is the
greater of: ( 1 ) the window area of the proposed
building excluding the window area in demising
walls, or 40 percent of the gross exterior west-facing
wall area of the standard building, whichever is less;
or (2) 6 feet time the west- facing display perimeter;
and the window area of the standard building is the
greater of (1) or (2): (1) the window area of the pro-
posed building, excluding the window area in
demising walls, or 40 percent of the gross exterior
wall area of the standard building, whichever is less;
or (2) 6 feet times the display perimeter; and

E. For buildings subject to Section 1 43 (c), the skylight
area of the standard building shall be the minimum
area required by Section 143 (c). For all other build-
ings, the skylight area of the standard building is the
same as in the proposed building, or is 5 percent of
the gross exterior roof/ceiling area of the standard
building, whichever is less.

2. Lighting budget. The lighting budget is the TDV
energy used for lighting in a standard building calcu-
lated with a method approved by the commission
(expressed in Btu per square foot of conditioned floor
area per year), and assuming that:

A. The lighting power density of the standard building,
for areas where no lighting plans or specifications
are submitted for permit and the occupancy of the
building is known, is the maximum allowed lighting
power density calculated according to Section 146
(b) l;and

B. The lighting power density of the standard building,
for areas where no lighting plans or specifications
are submitted for permit, and the occupancy of the
building is not known, is 1.2 watts per square foot;
and

C. The lighting power density of the standard building,
for areas where lighting plans and specifications are
being submitted for permit, is the maximum allowed
lighting power density calculated according to Sec-
tion 146(b) 1,2 or 3; and

D. The lighting power density of the standard building
is adjusted as described in the nonresidential ACM
manual for an astronomical timeclock when
required by Section 131 (c) 2.

3. Service water-heating budget. The service water-
heating budget is the TDV energy used for service
water heating in a standard building in the climate zone
in which the proposed building is located, calculated

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

with a method approved by the commission (expressed
in Btu per square foot of conditioned floor area per
year), and assuming that the standard building has a ser-
vice water-heating system that meets, but does not
exceed, the apphcable requirements of Sections 111,
113, 123 and 145.

(b) TDV energy use of proposed building. The TDV

energy use of a proposed building is the sum of the space-con-
ditioning, lighting and service water-heating TDV energy use
calculated in Subdivisions 1, 2 and 3 of this subsection, using
the same ACM used to calculate the budget under Subsection
(a), and expressed in Btu per square foot of conditioned floor
area per year. If any feature of the proposed building, includ-
ing, but not limited to, the envelope or the space-conditioning,
lighting or service water-heating system, is not included in the
building permit application, the energy performance of the fea-
ture shall be assumed to be that of the corresponding feature
calculated in Subsection (a).

1 . Space-conditioning TDV energy use. The space-con-
ditioning TDV energy use shall be calculated by:

A. Using a method approved by the commission; and

B. Using the proposed building's space heating, space
cooling, lighting and ventilation systems, roof and
ceiling, walls, floors and soffits, opaque envelope
areas, windows, skylights, zoning and orientation,
as shown on the plans and specifications submitted
in the building permit application under Section
10-103 ofTitle 24, Parti.

2. Lighting TDV energy use. The lighting TDV energy
use shall be calculated using a method approved by the
commission, and using the actual lighting power den-
sity calculated under Section 146 (b), including reduc-
tion of wattage by the applicable lighting power
adjustment factors specified in Section 146 (b) 4. The
lighting power density shall also be adjusted as
described in the nonresidential ACM manual for an
astronomical timeclock when required by Section 131
(c)2.

3. Service water-heating TDV energy use. The service
water-heating TDV energy use shall be calculated using
a method approved by the commission, and using the
proposed building's actual service water-heating
system.

(c) Calculation of budget and energy use. When calculat-
ing the energy budget under Subsection (a) and the TDV
energy use under Subsection (b), all of the following rules shall
apply:

1 . Methodology. The methodology, computer programs,
inputs and assumptions approved by the commission
shall be used.

2. Energy included. All energy from depletable sources,
recovered from space conditioning equipment, and
used for space conditioning, lighting and service water
heating shall be included.

3. Energy excluded. The following energy shall be
excluded:

A. Process loads; and

B. Loads of redundant or backup equipment, if the
plans submitted under Section 10-103 ofTitle 24,
Part 1 , show controls that will allow the redundant
or backup equipment to operate only when the pri-
mary equipment is not operating, and if such con-
trols are installed; and

C. Recovered energy other than from space condition-
ing equipment; and

D. Additional energy use caused solely by outside air
filtration and treatment for the reduction and treat-
ment of unusual outdoor contaminants with final
pressure drops more than 1-inch water column.
Only the energy accounted for by the amount of the
pressure drop that is over 1 inch may be excluded.

4. U-factors. U-factors shall be calculated as follows:

A. All building components. The U-factor of all
building components shall be calculated to three
decimal places; the calculations shall assume
still inside air and a 15 miles per hour outside air
velocity, or other assumptions approved by the
commission.

B. Wood-framed assemblies. U-factors for
wood-framed assemblies shall be calculated using
the parallel path method listed in ASHRAE Hand-
book, Fundamentals Volume, Chapter 23, with
framing factors approved by the commission.

C. Metal-framed assemblies. U-factors for
metal-framed assemblies shall be calculated using
the zone method listed in ASHRAE Handbook,
Fundamentals Volume, Chapter 23, or a method
approved by the commission.

D. Fenestration. U-factors for fenestration shall be
determined as specified in Section 116.

E. Masonry assemblies. U-factors for masonry
assemblies shall be calculated using the transverse
isothermal planes method listed in ASHRAE Hand-
book, Fundamentals Volume, Chapter 23, or a
method approved by the commission.

F. Other. U-factors for components not listed in this
subsection shall be calculated using a method
approved by the commission.

5. Solar heat gain coefficients. Solar heat gain coeffi-
cients shall be determined using NFRC 200, or
NFRCIOO as specified in Section 116, and shall not be
adjusted for the effects of interior of exterior shading
devices.

6. Visible light transmittance. Visible light transmit-
tance shall be determined using the values listed in
ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamentals Volume, Chapter
30, or manufacturers' literature, and shall be adjusted
for the effects of framing and interior or exterior shad-
ing devices.

(d) Relocatable public school buildings. When the manu-
facturer/builder certifies the relocatable public school building
for use in any climate zone, the energy budget shall be met in
the most severe climate zones as specified in the Nonresiden-

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

tial ACM manual, assuming the prescriptive envelope criteria
in Table 143-C. When the manufacturer/builder certifies that
the relocatable building is manufactured for use in specific cli-
mate zones and that the relocatable building cannot be lawfully
used in other climate zones, the energy budget shall be met in
each climate zone that the manufacturer/building certifies,
assuming the prescriptive envelope criteria in Table 143 -A,
including the non-north window RSHG and skylight SHGC
requirements for each climate zone. The energy budget and the
energy use of the proposed building shall be determined using
the multiple orientation approach specified in the Nonresiden-
tial ACM manual. The manufacturer/builder shall meet the
requirements for identification labels specified in Section 143
(a) 1 8.

SECTION 142
PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH

In order to comply with the prescriptive approach under this
section, a building shall be designed with and shall have con-
structed and installed:

(a) Abuilding envelope that complies with Section 143 (a) or
(b) and for applicable buildings Section 143 (c);

(b) A space-conditioning system that complies with Section
144;

(d) A lighting system that complies with Section 146;

(e) An outdoor lighting system that complies with Section
147;

(f) Interior and exterior signs that comply with Section 148.

SECTION 143

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR

BUILDING ENVELOPES

A building complies with this section by being designed with
and having constructed and installed either (1) envelope com-
ponents that comply with each of the requirements in Subsec-
tion (a) for each individual component, and the requirements of
Subsection (c) where they apply, or (2) an envelope that com-
plies with the overall requirements in Subsection (b) and the
requirements of Subsection (c) where they apply. When mak-
ing calculations under Subsection (a) or (b), all of the rules
listed in Section 141 (c) 1,4 and 5 shall apply.

(a) Envelope component approach.

1 . Exterior roofs and ceilings. Exterior roofs and ceil-
ings shall:

A. For nonresidential buildings with low-sloped roofs,
meet the requirements of either 1 1 8 (i) 1 or 1 1 8 (i) 2
and for liquid applied roof coatings, Section 1 18 (i)
3; and

Exception to Section 143 (a) 1 A: Any roofing
product with a minimum initial thermal emittance
Ginitiai Icss than 0.75 when tested in accordance with
CRRC-1, including but not limited to roof prod-

ucts with metallic surfaces, if that roofing product
has a minimum initial solar reflectance of 0.70 +
0.34 * (0.75 - Sinitiai) when tested in accordance
with CRRC-1.

B. Have insulation placed in direct contact with a con-
tinuous roof or drywall ceiling where required by
Section 118(e); and

C. Either:

i. Have an overall assembly ?7-factor no greater
than the applicable value in Table 143-A, 143-B
or 143-C; or

ii. If the roof does not have metal framing members
or a metal deck, have an installed insulation
i?-value no less than the applicable value in
Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

Exception to Section 143 (a) 1 C ii: A roof
with metal framing members or a metal deck
may comply with Section 143 (a) 1 C if:

A. A continuous layer of rigid insulation with a mini-
mum 7?-value equal to or greater than the applicable
value in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C is installed
either above the roof deck or between the roof deck
and the structural members supporting the roof
deck; or

B. A continuous layer of rigid insulation with a mini-
mum 7?- value of R-10 is installed either above the
roof deck or between the roof deck and the structural
members supporting the roof deck; and (2) insula-
tion with a minimum i?- value equal to or greater than
the applicable value in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C
is installed between the structural members.

2. Exterior walls. Exterior walls shall have either an
installed insulation ^-value no less than, or an overall
assembly f/- factor no greater than, the applicable value
in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

3 . Demising walls. Demising walls shall meet the require-
ments of Section 118(f).

4. External floors and soffits. External floors and soffits
shall have either an installed insulation 7?-value no less
than, or an overall assembly ^/-factor no greater than,
the applicable value in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

5. Windows. Windows shall:

A. Have (1) a west- facing area no greater than 40 per-
cent of the gross west-facing exterior wall area, or
six feet times the west-facing display perimeter,
whichever is greater; and (2) a total area no greater
than 40 percent of the gross exterior wall area, or six
feet times the display perimeter, whichever is
greater; and

Exception to Section 143 (a) 5 A: Window area in
demising walls is not counted as part of the win-
dow area for this requirement. Demising wall area
is not counted as part of the gross exterior wall area
or display perimeter.

B. Have a U-factor no greater than the applicable value
in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C; and

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

C. Have a relative solar heat gain, excluding the effects
of interior shading, no greater than the applicable
value in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C. The relative
solar heat gain of windows is:

i. The solar heat gain coefficient of the windows;
or

Relative solar heat gain as calculated by Equa-
tion (143-A), if an overhang extends beyond
both sides of the window jamb a distance equal
to the overhang projection.

Exception to Section 143 (a) 5 C:The applica-
ble "north" value for relative solar heat gain in
Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C or 0.56, which-
ever is greater, shall be used for windows:

A. That are in the first story of exterior walls that form a
display perimeter; and

B. For which codes restrict the use of overhangs to
shade the windows.

TABLE 143-A
PRESCRIPTIVE ENVELOPE CRITERIA FOR NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

(Including relocatable public school buildings whei

e man

ufacturer certifies use only in specific climate zone; not

includ

ing high-rise

residential build

ngs and guest rooms of hotel/motel bulk

ings)

CLIMATE ZONES

1, 16

3-5

6-9

2, 10-13

14, 15

Roof/Ceiling

^/-factor

0.051

0.076

0.051

7?-value'

WaU

7?-value or

[/-factor

Wood frame

0.102

0.110

0.102

Metal frame

0.217

0.224

0.217

Metal building

0.113

0.123

0.113

Mass/7.0 <HC< 15.0

0.330

0.430

Mass/15.0 <HC

0.360

0.650

0.690

0.650

0.410

Other

0.102

0.110

0.102

Floor/Soffit

7?-value or

[/-factor

Mass/7.0 < HC

0.090

0.139

0.090

0.139

Other

0.048

0.071

Windows

[/-factor-

0.47

0.77

0.47

Relative solar heat gain

Non-

North

0-10% WWR

0.49

0.72

0.61

0.47

0.61

0.46

0.61

11-20%WWR

0.43

0.49

0.55

0.61

0.36

0.51

0.36

0.51

21-30% WWR

0.43

0.47

0.41

0.61

0.39

0.61

0.36

0.47

0.36

0.47

31-40% WWR

0.43

0.47

0.41

0.61

0.34

0.61

0.31

0.47

0.31

0.40

Skylights

[/-factor" Glass w/Curb

1.18

1.42

1.18

Glass wo/Curb

0.68

0.82

0.68

Plastic w/Curb

1.04

1.56

1.32

SHGC— Glass 0-2%

0.68

0.79

0.46

2.1-5%

0.46

0.40

0.36

SHGC— Plastic 0-2%

0.77

0.79

0.77

0.71

21.5%

0.58

0.65

0.62

0.58

Note: Construction assembly U-factors shall be calculated in accordance with Appendix IV.
i?-value cannot be used for compliance when roof has metal framing members or a metal deck unless additional rigid insulation is installed. See Section 1 43 (a) 1

C.
(/-factor adjustments are made to make the criteria consistent with revised NFRC rating procedures.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

EQUATION 143-A— RELATIVE SOLAR HEAT GAIN

aH , (H

RSHG = SHGC...^x

1 +

where:
RSHG

SHGCm

relative solar heat gain,
solar heat gain coefficient of the window,
horizontal projection of the overhang from the sur-
face of the window in feet, but no greater than V.
vertical distance from the window sill to the bot-

tom of the overhang, in feet.

^ -0.41 for north- facing windows, -1.22 for south-
facing windows and -0.92 for east- and west-
facing windows.

^ 0.20 for north-facing windows, 0.66 for south-
facing windows and 0.35 for east- and west-
facing windows.

6. Skylights. Skylights shall:

A. Have an area no greater than 5 percent of the gross
exterior roof area: and

TABLE 143-B

PRESCRIPTIVE ENVELOPE CRITERIA FOR HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS AND

GUEST ROOMS OF HOTEL/MOTEL BUILDINGS

CLIMATE ZONES

1, 16

3-5

6-9

2, 10-13

14, 15

Roof/Ceiling

f/- factor

0.036

0.051

0.036

^-value^

Wall

7?-value or

f/- factor

Wood frame

0.074

0.110

0.102

Metal frame

0.183

0.224

0.217

Metal building

0.061

0.123

0.113

Mass/7.0 <HC< 15.0

0.330

0.430

Mass/15.0 <HC

0.360

0.650

0.690

0.650

0.410

Other

0.075

0.110

0.102

Floor/Soffit

^-value or

C/- factor

Mass/7.0 < HC

0.090

0.139

0.090

Other

0.048

0.071

Raised concrete 7^-value

Windows

f/-factor-

0.47

Relative solar heat gain

Non-

North

0-10% WWR

0.46

0.68

0.41

0.61

0.47

0.61

0.36

0.49

0.36

0.47

11-20%WWR

0.46

0.68

0.40

0.61

0.40

0.61

0.36

0.49

0.31

0.43

21-30% WWR

0.36

0.47

0.31

0.61

0.36

0.61

0.31

0.40

0.26

0.43

31-40% WWR

0.30

0.47

0.26

0.55

0.31

0.61

0.26

0.40

0.26

0.31

Skylights

f/-factor^ Glass w/Curb

1.18

1.42

1.18

Glass wo/Curb

0.68

0.82

0.68

Plastic w/Curb

1.04

1.56

1.32

1.04

SHGC— Glass 0-2%

0.46

0.58

0.61

0.46

2.1-5%

0.36

0.32

0.40

0.32

0.31

SHGC— Plastic 0-2%

0.71

0.65

21.5%

0.55

0.39

0.65

0.34

0.27

C.
* Required insulation levels for concrete raised floors are R-8 in Climate Zones 2,11,13 and 14; R-4 in Climate Zones 12 and 15, and R-0 in Climate Zones 3

through 10.
f/-factor adjustments are made to make the criteria consistent with revised NFRC rating procedures.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Exception to Section 143 (a) 6 A: Atria over 55
feet high shall have a skylight area no greater than
10 percent of the gross exterior roof area.

B. Have a f/- factor no greater than the applicable value
in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C; and

C. Have a solar heat gain coefficient no greater than the
applicable value in Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

7. Exterior doors. Exterior doors have no i?-value, f/- fac-
tor or area requirements.

8. Relocatable public school buildings. In complying
with Sections 143 (a) 1 to 7, relocatable public school
buildings shall comply either with Table 143-A, includ-
ing the non-north window RSHG and skylight SHGC
requirements, when the manufacturer/builder certifies
that the relocatable building is manufactured only for
use in a specific climate zone(s) and that the relocatable
building cannot be lawfully used in other climate zones
or with Table 143-C when the manufacturer/builder
certifies that the relocatable building is manufactured

for use in any climate zone. When the relocatable build-
ing complies with Table 143-C for use in more than one
climate zone, the relocatable building shall meet the
most stringent requirements for each building compo-
nent in all of the climate zones for which the relocatable
building is certified.

The manufacturer/builder shall place two metal iden-
tification labels on each relocatable building module,
one mechanically fastened and visible from the exterior
and the other mechanically fastened to the interior
frame above the ceiling, at the end of the module. In
addition to information required by the Division of the
State Architect (DSA), the labels shall state either
"Complies with Title 24, Part 6 for all Climate Zones"
or "Complies with Title 24, Part 6 for Climate Zones"
and then list all of the climate zones for which the man-
ufacturer has manufactured the relocatable building to
comply. The location of the identification labels shall
be shown on the building plans.

TABLE 143-C
PRESCRIPTIVE ENVELOPE CRITERIA FOR RELOCATABLE PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDINGS

ALL CLIMATE ZONES

Roof/Ceiling

C/-factor

0.051

7?-value'

Wall

^ -value or

C/-factor

Wood frame

0.102

Metal frame

0.261

Metal building

0.061

Mass/7.0 £ HC

0.330

Other

0.102

Floor/Soffit

i? -value or

C/- factor

0.048

Windows

t/- factor

0.49

Relative solar heat gain

0-10% WWR

0.46

11-20%WWR

0.36

21-30% WWR

0.36

31-40% WWR

0.31

Skylights

C/-factor

Glass w/Curb

0.99

Glass wo/Curb

0.57

Plastic w/Curb

0.87

SHGC Glass

0-2%

0.46

2.1-5%

0.36

SHGC Plastic

0-2%

0.71

2.1-5%

0.58

Note: Construction assembly fZ-factors shall be calculated in accordance with Appendix IV.

i?-value cannot be used for compliance when roof has metal framing members or a metal deck unless additional rigid insula-
tion is installed. See Section 143 (a) 1 C.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Note: Section 143 (a) 8 applies to all relocatable
buildings for which an application for approval of
original construction or for approval of alteration to
the building envelope, space conditioning, lighting or
water heating components of the relocatable building
is submitted after the effective date of the 2004 Cali-
fornia Energy Code.

(b) Overall envelope approach.

1. Overall heat loss. The overall heat loss (HL) of the
overall envelope of the proposed building, HLp,.,,p as cal-
culated with Equation 143-C, shall be no greater than
the overall heat loss of a standard building, //Ls„/as cal-
culated with Equation 143-B. In making the calcula-
tions, it shall be assumed that the orientation and area of
each envelope component is the same as in the proposed
building.

EQUATION 143-B— STANDARD BUILDING HEAT LOSS

II ly iiF

HL,, = £ (A„, X (/,,. ^_^ )+ X (^« X t/^,;„„ ) +

iii\ ii\j ii^y

/=1 (=1 /=1

where:

HLsid = overall heat loss of the standard building (in
Btu/h-°F).

/ ^ each wall type and orientation, floor/soffit type, roof/
ceiling type, window (glazing) type and orientation,
or skylight type for the standard building.

nW;nR,

nQ nF,

nS = number of components of the applicable envelope
feature.

Awi = exterior wall area on the north, east, south and west
orientations of the proposed building (in ft^) includ-
ing the window area on that orientation of the pro-
posed building, minus Aci- The standard building has
as many walls in each orientation as there are HC cate-
gories in that orientation of the proposed building.

Afi = exterior floor/soffit area of the proposed building (in
ft^). The standard building has as many floors/soffits
as there are HC categories in the floors/soffits of the
proposed building.

Alii ^ exterior roof/ceiling area of the proposed building (in
ft^) plus the skylight area of the proposed building,
less A_^.i.

A Gi = Window (glazing) area of each type on the north, east,
south and west orientations of the standard building
(in ft^). If the window wall ratio of the west orienta-
tion of the proposed building is less than 40 percent,
and the total window wall ratio of the proposed build-
ing is more than 40 percent, the total window area is
the greater of

(a) 40 percent of the gross exterior wall area, or (b) 6 feet
times the display perimeter. The window area of each type and
on each orientation of the standard design shall be decreased in
proportion to the area in the proposed design according to one
of the following formulas as applicable:

-Gi—adj

( A

Gi-prop

^xOAOxA,,,^,^,_^^^^

y Gtolul—prop

Gi—adj

Gi-prop

Gtolal—prop ,

X (6x Display Perimeter,^^^,/ )

where:

Aoi-adj ^ Adjusted window area of each type on the north,
east, south, and west orientations (in ft^).

^Gi-prop = Actual proposed window area of each type in the
respective orientation (in ft").

AGiohd-pmp = Total actual proposed window area of the pro-
posed building (in ft").

Amoiai-pmp = Total actual proposed gross exterior wall area of
the proposed building (in ft").

AGi(cont.) == If the window wall ratio of the west orientation of
the proposed building is greater than 40 percent,
( 1 ) the west-facing window area is the greater of

(a) 40 percent of the west-facing gross exterior
wall area, or (b) six feet times the west-facing dis-
play perimeter; and (2) if the combined window
wall ratio of the north, east and south orienta-
tions of the proposed building is more than 40
percent, the north, east and south-facing window
area is the greater of (a) 40 percent of the north,
east and south-facing gross exterior wall area, or

(b) six feet times the north, east and south- facing
display perimeter. The window area of each type
and on each orientation of the standard design
shall be decreased in proportion to the area in the
proposed design according to one of the follow-
ing formulas as applicable:

AGw-adj ^ 0-40 X K\Vw-prop

^Gw-adj ^ (6 X Display Parameter,,,)

f A,

Gi-udj

f A

Gi-prop
^ Gnes—prop

x0.40x^„,,„,,_^,„^

Gi-adj

Gi-prop

^ Gnes-prop J

X (6x Display Perimeter^

where:

-GW-adj

Adjusted window area of each type on the west ori-
entation (in ft^).

Aww-pmp = Total actual proposed gross exterior wall area of
the west orientations of the proposed building
(inft^).

Display

Perimeter,,, = Display Perimeter ofthe west orientation of the

proposed building.
^Gi-adj ^ Adjusted window area of each type on the north,
east and south orientations (in ft ).

^Gi-prop ^ Actual proposed window area of each type in the
respective orientation (in ft^).

^Gnes-prop ^ Total actual proposed window area ofthe north,
east and south orientations ofthe proposed build-
ing (in ft').

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

'wnes-prop = Total Bctual proposcd gross exterior wall area of
the north, east and south orientations of the pro-
posed building (in ft^).

Display
Perimeter„cs

As,

= Display Perimeterof the north, east and south
orientations of the proposed building,
skylight area of the standard building for each sky-
light type (in ft^). The total skylight area in the
standard building is equal to the total skylight area
of the proposed building or 5 percent of the gross
exterior roof area (or, for atria over 5 5 feet high, 1
percent of the gross exterior roof area), whichever
is less. If the total skylight area of the proposed
building is more than 5 percent of the gross exte-
rior roof area or more than 1 percent of the gross
exterior roof area for atria over 55 feet high, the
skylight area of each type of the standard building
shall be decreased in proportion to the area in the
proposed design according to the following
formula:

^ A

Si-adj

Si-prop

Slolal—prop

for atria over 55 feet high, and

f A

J Si— prop

A Si-adj - ~.

. Slolal-prop J

x0.10xv4

X 0.05 X A

Riolal—prop

Rtolal-prop

for others, where:

Asi-adj ^ Adjusted skylight area of each type (in ft^).
Asi-prop = Actual proposed skylight area of each type (in ft^).
Asiotai-prop = Total actual proposed skylight area of the proposed
building (in ft^).

Amotai-prop ^ Total actual proposed gross exterior roof area of
the proposed building (in ft^).

Uwisid = the applicable wall U-value for the corresponding
^„,,- from Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

Ufistd = the applicable floor/soffit U-value for the corre-
sponding Afi from Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

^Ristd = the applicable roof/ceiling U-value for the corre-
sponding Ay^/ from Table 143-A, 143-Borl43-C.

Ucisid ^ the applicable window U-value for the corre-
sponding yio, from Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

/ = the applicable skylight U-value for the corre-
sponding yl^z from Table 143-A, 143-B or 143-C.

EQUATION 143-C— PROPOSED BUILDING HEAT LOSS

nIV nF

Usis^

ffip,^=Z(^,,x^,,^_J + X(^^xf^/...

) +

./=1

7=1

where:

-^-'-'prop

Z(^«yX^«/„ )+Z(^<=/><f^Q )

7 = 1

overall heat loss of the proposed building (in
Btu/h-°F).

each wall type and orientation, floor/soffit type,
roof/ ceiling type, window type and orientation, or
skylight type for the proposed building.

nW,nR,
nG, nF,
nS

A.,

'sj

*^wjprop

as determined in Equation 143-A.
exterior wall area on the north, east, south and
west orientations of the proposed building (in ft^).
Each orientation has as many walls as there are HC
categories.
Afj = exterior floor/soffit area of the proposed building

(in ft'). There are as many floors/soffits as there are
HC categories.
Ajij = exterior roof/ceiling area of the proposed building

(in ft')
Agj ^ window (glazing) area for each window type and

orientation of the proposed building (in ft"),
skylight area for each skylight type of the proposed
building (in ft^).

the wall U-factor for the corresponding^ j^^.
^Fjprop ^ the floor/soffit U-factor for the corresponding^/ry.
^Rjprop ^ the roof/ceiling U-factor for the corresponding^/^,.
^Gjpmp ^ the window U-factor for the corresponding^cy-
Usjprop ^ the skylight U-factor for the corresponding^^,.
2. Overall heat gain. The overall heat gain of the overall
envelope of the proposed building, HGprop as calculated
with Equation (143-E), shall be no greater than the
overall heat gain of the overall envelope of a standard
building, HGsui as calculated with Equation ( 143-D). In
making the calculations, it shall be assumed that the
orientation and area of each envelope component of the
standard building are the same as in the proposed
building.

EQUATION 143-D— STANDARD BUILDING HEAT GAIN

f^G,,d=iiAn-i^U,,,,,^TF^)^

nF iiR

i=l (=1

nG nS

i=\ i=\

f^{WF^,xA^^xRSHG„^^_^)xSF +

i=\

ZiWF,,xA,,xSHGC,,^JxSF +

i=\

Z(^«,x^«,x'^«,,„)x

where:

HGsid
i

nW,nR,
nG, nF,
nS

[l-(0.2+0.7[p,,^,_, -0.2])]x5F

= overall heat gain of the standard building (Btu/h).
= as determined in Equation 143-B.

= as determined in Equation 143-B.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Ay^j = as determined in Equation 143-B.

Afi = as determined in Equation 143-B.

A]{i = as determined in Equation 143-B.

Aci ^ as determined in Equation 143-B.

Asi = as determined in Equation 143-B.

^wisid = as determined in Equation 143-B.

Ufistd ^ as determined in Equation 143-B.

^Ristd ^ as determined in Equation 143-B.

Ucistd = as determined in Equation 143-B.

^sisid = as determined in Equation 143-B.

RSHGciski ^ the applicable relative solar heat gain for the cor-
responding ^g/. from Table 143-A, 143-B or
143-C (unitless).

WFci ^ the applicable weighting factor for glazing for
each orientation of the standard building, from
Table 143-E (unitless).

WFsi ^ the applicable weighting factor for skylight of the
standard building, from Table 143-E (unitless).

WFrj = the applicable weighting factor for roof of the
standard building, from Table 143-E (unitless).

pRisid = Initial solar reflectance of the rooflng product for
the corresponding Ar-,. The standard building has
an initial solar reflectance of 0.70 for nonresiden-
tial buildings with low-sloped roofs and an initial
solar reflectance of 0.30 for nonresidential build-
ings with high-sloped roofs, for high-rise resi-
dential buildings and for guest rooms of hotel/
motel buildings.

SHGCsistd ^ the applicable solar heat gain coefficient for the
corresponding ^s/- from Table 143-A, 143-B or
143-C (unitless).

SF = the solar factor from Table 143-D.

TFj = the temperature factor from Table 143-D.

EQUATION 143-E— PROPOSED BUILDING HEAT GAIN

HG.

xTF.)^

^TF.)^J^{A,.^U,.

y=i

./=1

prop

^TFjHj^(A,.xUsj

;=i

prop

y.TF-) +

xTF^) +

£ (WF,^ X A,, X SNGC,. X OHFj )x SF

y=i

j=i

',.SHGC,^^^^).SF +

Y.{WF,.xA,.xU... X

y=i

/prop

[l-(0.2+0.7[p

'prop

0.2])] x5F

TABLE 143-D
TEMPERATURE AND SOLAR FACTORS

CLIMATE ZONE

TEMPERATURE FACTOR (IF)

SOLAR FACTOR (SF)
(Btu/hr-ft^)

Envelope Construction

Light Mass

Medium Mass

Heavy Mass

128

126

125

124

123

127

126

125

123

128

Light Mass: Heat Capacity < 7 Btu/ff x °F
Medium Mass: Heat Capacity > 7 and < 15 Btu/ft^
Heavy Mass: Heat Capacity > 15 Btu/ft' x °F

°F

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

where:

nW,nR,
nG, nF,

Awj
Apj

Agj

overall heat gain of the proposed building (Btu/h).
as determined in Equation 143-C.

as determined in Equation 143-C.
as determined in Equation 143-C.
as determined in Equation 143-C.
as determined in Equation 143-C.
as determined in Equation 143-C.
as determined in Equation 143-C.

^wjpmp = as determined in Equation 143-C.

Upiprnp ^ as determined in Equation 143-C.

URjpnjp ^ as determined in Equation 143-C.

UGjprop ^ as determined in Equation 143-C.

Usjprop ^ as detennined in Equation 143-C.

SHGCqj = the solar heat gain coefficient for the correspond-
ing AGJ (unitless).

SHGCsj = the solar heat gain coefficient for the correspond-
ing AGJ (unitless).

OHFgj ^ the overhang factor for the corresponding AGJ
(unitless).

OHFgj - \+aH/V+h(H/Vf.

TABLE 143-E
GLAZING ORIENTATION WEIGHTING FACTORS (WFg), (WFr) andCI^FsJ

CLIMATE ZONE

WFnorth

WFsoulh

WFw..t

WFe,st

WFsky

WFroof

NONRESIDENTIAL

0.56

1.25

1.16

1.03

1.48

0.93

0.56

1.30

1.18

0.96

2.34

1.12

0.51

1.28

1.24

0.97

2.42

0.84

0.55

1.20

1.24

1.01

2.53

0.96

0.58

1.25

1.18

0.98

2.48

0.80

0.56

1.23

1.21

1.00

2.40

0.84

0.57

1.30

1.17

0.97

2.36

0.87

0.60

1.26

1.14

1.00

2.47

0.98

0.56

1.36

1.11

0.97

2.29

0.97

0.60

1.38

1.07

0.95

2.19

1.02

0.55

1.19

1.17

1.10

2.37

0.89

0.55

1.17

1.21

1.07

2.40

0.92

0.58

1.15

1.17

1.10

2.39

1.04

0.57

1.17

1.20

1.07

2.46

1.13

0.61

1.27

1.05

1.07

2.29

0.92

0.51

1.27

1.15

1.07

2.20

1.03

HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL

0.50

1.24

1.23

1.03

1.36

0.82

0.55

1.29

1.23

0.94

2.30

1.08

0.47

1.28

1.29

0.96

2.42

0.80

0.54

1.17

1.33

0.96

2.53

0.96

0.49

1.28

1.25

0.97

2.48

0.77

0.55

1.20

1.26

0.99

2.37

0.79

0.55

1.28

1.21

0.96

2.37

0.88

0.57

1.26

1.20

0.97

2.44

0.96

0.53

1.39

1.14

0.94

2.24

0.93

0.59

1.34

1.12

0.94

1.92

1.00

0.53

1.14

1.27

1.06

2.23

0.88

0.55

1.14

1.29

1.03

2.31

0.91

0.57

1.12

1.27

1.05

2.27

1.02

0.57

1.13

1.28

1.02

2.38

1.08

0.59

1.26

1.12

1.03

2.26

0.90

0.49

1.24

1.25

1.01

2.02

0.95

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

where:
H

WF,

WF,kyj

WF,

P Riprop

horizontal projection of an overhang from the sur-
face of the window, no greater than V, in feet,
vertical distance from the window sill to the bot-
tom of the overhang, in feet.
-0.41 for north-facing windows, -1.22 forsouth-
facing windows, and -0.92 for east- and west-
facing windows.

0.20 for north-facing windows, 0.66 for south-
facing windows, and 0.35 for east- and west-
facing windows.

the applicable weighting factor for each orienta-
tion of the building, from Table 143-E (unitless).
the applicable weighting factor for skylight of the
proposed building, from Table 143-E (unitless).
the applicable weighting factor for roof of the pro-
posed building, from Table 143-E (unitless).

the initial solar reflectance of the proposed design
roofmg product for the corresponding ARJ, as cer-
tified and labeled according to the requirements of
Section 10-113. If the roofing product has an emit-
tance less than 0.75 the value shall be calculated by
the following equation:

^Riprap = -0.448 + 1.121 * R + 0.524 * E

where:

R ^ reflectance of the roofing product

E ^ emittance of the roofing product

The calculated value of p^^ from the above equa-
tion shall not be larger than'?? or less than 0. 10.
If the proposed design roofing product used has not
been certified and labeled according to the require-
ments of 10-113 and/or does not meet the require-
ments of Section 118 (i) 3, the proposed design initial
solar reflectance shall be 0.10 for nonresidential
buildings with low-sloped roofs, or 0.30 for nonresi-
dential buildings with high-sloped roofs, high-rise
residential buildings and guest rooms in hotel/motel
buildings.

SF ^ the solar factor from Table 143-D.

TFj = the temperature factor from Table 143-D.

(c) Minimum skylight area for large enclosed spaces in
low-rise buildings. Low-rise conditioned or unconditioned
enclosed spaces that are greater than 25,000 ft^ directly under a
roof with ceiling heights greater than 15 ft and have a lighting
power density for general lighting equal to or greater than 0.5
W/ft^ shall meet sections 143 (c) 1-4 below.

1 . Daylit area. At least one half of the floor area shall be in
the daylit area under skylights.

2. Minimum skylight area or effective aperture. Areas
that are daylit shall have a minimum skylight area to
daylit area ratio or minimum skylight effective aperture
as shown in Table 143-F. Skylight effective aperture
shall be determined as specified in Equation 146- A.

3. Skylight characteristics. Skylights shall:

A. Have a glazing material or diffuser that has a mea-
sured haze value greater than 90 percent, tested
according to ASTM D 1003 (notwithstanding its
scope) or other test method approved by the Com-
mission; and

B. If the space is conditioned, meet the requirements in
Section 143 (a) 6 or 143(b).

4. Controls. Electric lighting in the daylit area shall be
controlled as described in Section 131 (c) 2.

Exception 1 to Section 143(c): Buildings in climate
zones 1 or 16.

Exception 2 to Section 143 (c): Auditoriums, movie
theaters, museums and refrigerated warehouses.

SECTION 144

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR

SPACE-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

A building complies with this section by being designed with
and having constructed and installed a space-conditioning sys-
tem that meets the requirements of Subsections (a) through (k).

(a) Sizing and equipment selection. Mechanical heating
and mechanical cooling equipment shall be the smallest size,
within the available options of the desired equipment line, nec-
essary to meet the design heating and cooling loads of the
building, as calculated according to Subsection (b).

Exception 1 to Section 144 (a): Where it can be demon-
strated to the satisfaction of the enforcing agency that
oversizing will not increase building TDV energy use.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (a): Standby equipment with
controls that allow the standby equipment to operate only
when the primary equipment is not operating.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (a): Multiple units of the same
equipment type, such as multiple chillers and boilers, hav-
ing combined capacities exceeding the design load, if they
have controls that sequence or otherwise optimally control
the operation of each unit based on load.

TABLE 143-F
MINIMUM SKYLIGHT AREA TO DAYLIT FLOOR AREAOR MINIMUM SKYLIGHT EFFECTIVE APERTURE IN LOW-RISE ENCLOSED

SPACES > 25,000 ?V DIRECTLY UNDER A ROOF

GENERAL LIGHTING POWER DENSITY IN
DAYLIT AREAS (W/ft^)

MINIMUM SKYLIGHT AREA TO DAYLIT AREA RATIO

MINIMUM SKYLIGHT EFFECTIVE APERTURE

1.4W/ft'<LPD

3.6%

1.2%

1.0W/ft-<LPD<1.4W/ft'

3.3%

1.1%

0.5 W/ft-<LPD<1.0W/ft'

3.0%

1.0%

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

(b) Calculations. In making equipment sizing calculations
under Subsection (a), all of the following rules shall apply:

1. Methodology. The methodologies, computer pro-
grams, inputs and assumptions approved by the com-
mission shall be used.

2. Heating and cooling loads. Heating and cooling sys-
tem design loads shall be determined in accordance
with the procedures described in the ASHRAE Hand-
book, Fundamentals Volume or as specified in a method
approved by the commission.

3. Indoor design conditions. Indoor design temperature
and humidity conditions for general comfort applica-
tions shall be determined in accordance with ASHRAE
55 or the ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamentals Volume,
Chapter 8 except that winter humidification and sum-
mer dehumidification shall not be required.

4. Outdoor design conditions. Outdoor design condi-
tions shall be selected from Joint Appendix 11, which is
based on data from the ASHRAE Climatic Data for
Region X. Heating design temperatures shall be no
lower than the Heating Winter Median of Extremes val-
ues. Cooling design temperatures shall be no greater
than the 0.5 percent Cooling Dry Bulb and Mean Coin-
cident Wet Bulb values.

Exception to Section 144 (b) 4:Cooling design tem-
peratures for cooling towers shall be no greater than
the 0.5 percent Cooling Design Wet bulb values.

5. Ventilation. Outdoor air ventilation loads shall be cal-
culated using the ventilation rates required in Section
121.

6. Envelope. Envelope heating and cooling loads shall be
calculated using envelope characteristics, including
square footage, thermal conductance, solar heat gain
coefficient or shading coefficient, and air leakage, con-
sistent with the proposed design.

7. Lighting. Lighting loads shall be based on actual
design lighting levels or power densities as specified in
Section 146.

8. People. Occupant density shall be based on the
expected occupancy of the building and shall be the
same as determined under Section 121 (b) 2 B, if used.
Sensible and latent heat gains shall be as listed in
ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamentals Volume, Chapter
29, Table 1.

9. Process loads. Loads caused by a process shall be
based upon actual information on the intended use of
the building.

10. Miscellaneous equipment. Equipment loads shall be
calculated using design data compiled from one or more
of the following sources:

A. Actual information based on the intended use of the
building; or

B. Published data from manufacturer's technical publi-
cations and from technical societies, such as the
ASHRAE Handbook, Applications Volume; or

C. Other data based on the designer's experience of
expected loads and occupancy patterns.

1 1 . Internal heat gains. Internal heat gains may be ignored
for heating load calculations.

12. Safety factor. Design loads may be increased by up to

10 percent to account for unexpected loads or changes
in space usage.

1 3 . Other loads. Loads such as warm-up or cool-down shall

be calculated from principles based on the heat capacity
of the building and its contents, the degree of setback,
and desired recovery time; or may be assumed to be no
more than 30 percent for heating and 10 percent for
cooling of the steady-state design loads. The
steady-state load may include a safety factor in accor-
dance with Section 144 (b) 12.

(c) Power consumption of fans. Each fan system used for
comfort space conditioning shall meet the requirements of Item
1 or 2 below, as applicable. Total fan system power demand
equals the sum of the power demand of all fans in the system
that are required to operate at design conditions in order to sup-
ply air from the heating or cooling source to the conditioned
space, and to return it back to the source or to exhaust it to the
outdoors; however, total fan system power demand need not
include the additional power demand caused solely by air treat-
ment or filtering systems with final pressure drops more than
1-inch water column (only the energy accounted for by the
amount of pressure drop that is over 1 inch may be excluded) or
fan system power caused solely by process loads.

1. Constant volume fan systems. The total fan power
index at design conditions of each fan system with total
horsepower over 25 horsepower shall not exceed 0.8
watts per cubic feet per minute of supply air.

2. Variable air volume (VAV) systems.

A. The total fan power index at design conditions of
each fan system with total horsepower over 25
horsepower shall not exceed 1.25 watts per cubic
feet per minute of supply air; and

B. Individual VAV fans with motors 10 horsepower or
larger shall meet one of the following:

i. The fan motor shall be driven by a mechanical or
electrical variable speed drive.

ii. The fan shall be a vane-axial fan with variable
pitch blades.

iii. For prescriptive compliance, the fan motor shall
include controls that limit the fan motor demand
to no more than 30 percent of the total design
wattage at 50 percent of design air volume when
static pressure set point equals V3 of the total
design static pressure, based on certified manu-
facturer's test data.

C. Static Pressure Sensor Location. Static pressure sen-
sors used to control variable air volume fans shall be
placed in a position such that the controller set point
is no greater than one-third the total design fan static
pressure, except for systems with zone reset control
complying with 144 (c) 2 D. If this results in the sen-
sor being located downstream of major duct splits,
multiple sensors shall be installed in each major

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

branch with fan capacity controlled to satisfy the
sensor furthest below its setpoint.

D. Set Point Reset. For systems with direct digital con-
trol of individual zone boxes reporting to the central
control panel, static pressure set point shall be reset
based on the zone requiring the most pressure; i.e.,
the set point is reset lower until one zone damper is
nearly wide open.

3. Air-treatment or filtering systems. For systems with
air-treatment or filtering systems, calculate the adjusted
fan power index using Equation 144-A:

EQUATION 144-A— ADJUSTED FAN POWER INDEX

Adjusted fan power index ^ Fan power index x Fan adjust-
ment

Fan adjustment == 1

SPr

where:

SP„ ^ Airpressure drop across the air-treatment or filtering

system.
SPf ^ Total pressure drop across the fan.

4. Fan motors of series fan-powered terminal units.

Fan motors of series fan-powered terminal units 1
horsepower or less shall be electronically-commutated
motors or shall have a minimum motor efficiency of 70
percent when rated in accordance with NEMA Standard
MG 1-1998 Rev. 2 at full load rating conditions.

(d) Space-conditioning zone controls. Each space-condi-
tioning zone shall have controls that prevent:

1. Reheating; and

2. Recooling; and

3. Simultaneous provisions of heating and cooling to the
same zone, such as mixing or simultaneous supply of
air that has been previously mechanically heated and air
that has been previously cooled, either by cooling
equipment or by economizer systems.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (d): Zones served by a
variable air-volume system that is designed and con-
trolled to reduce, to a minimum, the volume of
reheated, recooled or mixed air supply. For each zone,
this minimum volume shall be no greater than the
largest of the following:

A. 30 percent of the peak supply volume; or

B. The minimum required to meet the ventilation
requirements of Section 121; or

C. 0.4 cubic feet per minute (cfm) per square foot of
conditioned floor area of the zone; or

D. 300 cfm.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (d): Zones with spe-
cial pressurization relationships or cross-contami-
nation control needs.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (d): Zones served by
space-conditioning systems in which at least 75
percent of the energy for reheating, or providing

warm air in mixing systems, is provided from a
site-recovered or site-solar energy source.

Exception 4 to Section 144 (d): Zones in which
specific humidity levels are required to satisfy pro-
cess needs.

Exception 5 to Section 144 (d): Zones with a peak
supply-air quantity of 300 cfm or less.

(e) Economizers.

1 . Each individual cooling fan system that has a design
supply capacity over 2,500 cfm and a total mechanical
cooling capacity over 75,000 Btu/hr shall include
either:

A. An air economizer capable of modulating out-
side-air and return-air dampers to supply 100 per-
cent of the design supply air quantity as outside air;
or

B. A water economizer capable of providing 100 per-
cent of the expected system cooling load as calcu-
lated in accordance with a method approved by the
commission, at outside air temperatures of 50°F
dry-bulb/45°F wet-bulb and below.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (e) 1: Where it can be
shown to the satisfaction of the enforcing agency
that special outside air filtration and treatment, for
the reduction and treatment of unusual outdoor
contaminants, makes compliance infeasible.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (e) 1 : Where the use of
outdoor air for cooling will affect other systems,
such as humidification, dehumidification or super-
market refrigeration systems, so as to increase
overall building TDV energy use.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (e) 1: Systems serving
high-rise residential living quarters and
hotel/motel guest rooms.

Exception 4 to Section 144 (e) 1: Where it can be
shown to the satisfaction of the enforcing agency
that the use of outdoor air is detrimental to equip-
ment or materials in a space or room served by a
dedicated space-conditioning system, such as a
computer room or telecommunications equipment
room.

Exception 5 to Section 144 (e) 1: Where electri-
cally operated unitary air conditioners and heat
pumps have cooling efficiencies that meet or
exceed the efficiency requirements of Tables
144-A and 144-B.

2. If an economizer is required by subparagraph 1, it shall
be:

A. Designed and equipped with controls so that
economizer operation does not increase the building
heating energy use during normal operation; and

B. Capable of providing partial cooling even when
additional mechanical cooling is required to meet
the remainder of the cooling load.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Exception to Section 144 (e) 2 A: Systems that
provide 75 percent of the annual energy used for
mechanical heating from site-recovered energy or
a site-solar energy source.

3. Air-side economizers shall have high limit shutoff con-
trols complying with Table 144-C.

(f) Supply air temperature reset controls. Mechanical
space-conditioning systems supplying heated or cooled air to
multiple zones shall include controls that automatically reset
supply air temperatures:

1 . In response to representative building loads or to out-
door air temperature; and

2. By at least 25 percent of the difference between the
design supply-air temperature and the design room air
temperature.

Air distribution to zones that are likely to have constant
loads, such as interior zones, shall be designed for the fully
reset supply temperature.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (i): Systems that meet the
requirements of Section 144 (d), without using Exception 1
or 2 to that section.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (f): Where supply-air tempera-
ture reset would increase overall building energy use.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (i): Zones in which specific
humidity levels are required to satisfy process needs.

Exception 4 to Section 144 (f): Variable air volume
space-conditioning systems with variable speed drives.

(g) Electric resistance heating. Electric resistance heating
systems shall not be used for space heating.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (g): Where an electric resis-
tance heating system supplements a heating system in which
at least 60 percent of the annual energy requirement is sup-
plied by site-solar or recovered energy.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (g): Where an electric resis-
tance heating system supplements a heat pump heating sys-
tem, and the heating capacity of the heat pump is more than
75 percent of the design heating load calculated in accor-
dance with Section 144 (a) at the design outdoor tempera-
ture specified in Section 144 (b) 4.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (g): Where the total capacity of
all electric resistance heating systems serving the entire
building is less than 10 percent of the total design output
capacity of all heating equipment serving the entire
building.

Exception 4 to Section 144 (g): Where the total capacity of
all electric resistance heating systems serving the building,
excluding those allowed under Exception 2, is no more than
3kW.

Exception 5 to Section 144 (g): Where an electric resis-
tance heating system serves an entire building that is not a
high-rise residential or hotel/motel building; and has a con-
ditioned floor area no greater than 5,000 square feet; and has
no mechanical cooling; and is in an area where natural gas is
not currently available and an extension of a natural gas sys-
tem is impractical, as determined by the natural gas utility.

(h) Heat rejection systems.

1. General. Section 144 (h) applies to heat rejection
equipment used in comfort cooling systems, such as
air-cooled condensers, open cooling towers, closed-cir-
cuit cooling towers and evaporative condensers.

TABLE 144-A
ECONOMIZER TRADEOFF TABLE FOR ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS

CLIMATE ZONE

SIZE CATEGORY

> = 760,000

> = 240,000 and < 760,000

>= 135,000 and < 240,000

> = 65,000 and < 135,000

N/A

11.9

12.2

12.4

N/A

11.9

12.2

12.4

N/A

11.6

11.9

12.1

N/A

11.4

11.7

11.9

12.4

11.5

11.8

12.0

N/A

11.7

12.0

12.2

N/A

11.2

11.5

11.7

12.3

11.7

12.0

12.2

N/A

10.0

10.4

10.6

11.3

N/A

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Fan speed control. Each fan powered by a motor of 7.5
hp (5.6 kW) or larger shall have the capability to oper-
ate that fan at two thirds of full speed or less, and shall
have controls that automatically change the fan speed to
control the leaving fluid temperature or condensing
temperature/pressure of the heat rejection device.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (h) 2: Heat rejection
devices included as an integral part of the equipment
listed in Tables 1 12-A through 1 12-E.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (h) 2: Condenser fans
serving multiple refrigerant circuits.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (h) 2: Condenser fans
serving flooded condensers.

Exception 4 to Section 144 (h) 2: Up to one third of
the fans on a condenser or tower with multiple fans
where the lead fans comply with the speed control
requirement.

Tower flow turndown. Open cooling towers config-
ured with multiple condenser water pumps shall be
designed so that all cells can be run in parallel with the
larger of:

A. The flow that is produced by the smallestpump, or

B. 33 percent of the design flow for the cell.

Limitation on centrifugal fan cooling towers. Open

cooling towers with a combined rated capacity of 900
gpm and greater at 95°F condenser water return, 85°F
condenser water supply and 75°F outdoor wet-bulb
temperature shall use propeller fans, not centrifugal
fans.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (h) 4: Cooling towers
that are ducted (inlet or discharge) or have an external
sound trap that requires external static pressure
capability.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (h) 4: Cooling towers
that meet the energy efficiency requirement for pro-
peller fan towers in Section 1 12, Table 1 12-G.

(i) Limitation of air-cooled chillers.

1. Chilled water plants with more than 300 tons total
capacity shall not have more than 100 tons provided by
air-cooled chillers.

Exception 1 to 144 (i): Where the designer demon-
strates that the water quality at the building site fails to
meet manufacturer's specifications for the use of
water-cooled equipment.

Exception 2 to 144 (i):Plants that employ a cooling
thermal energy storage system.

Exception 3 to Section 144 (i):Air cooled chillers
with minimum efficiencies approved by the Commis-
sion pursuant to Section 10-109 (d).

(j) Hydronic system measures.

1 . Hydronic variable flow systems. HVAC chilled and
hot water pumping shall be designed for variable fluid
flow and shall be capable of reducing pump flow rates
to no more than the larger of: a) 50 percent or less of the
design flow rate; or b) the minimum flow required by
the equipment manufacturer for the proper operation of
equipment served by the system.

TABLE 144-B
ECONOMIZER TRADEOFF TABLE FOR ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY HEAT PUMPS

CLIMATE ZONE

SIZE CATEGORY

> = 240,000

> = 135,000 and < 240,000

> = 65,000 and < 135,000

N/A

11.7

12.1

N/A

12.3

N/A

11.7

12.0

N/A

11.3

11.7

12.5

11.1

11.5

12.3

11.3

11.6

12.4

11.5

11.8

N/A

10.9

11.3

12.1

11.5

11.8

N/A

9.8

10.1

11.1

N/A

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

TABLE 144-C
AIR ECONOMIZER HIGH LIMIT SHUT OFF CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

DEVICE TYPE

CLIMATE ZONES

REQUIRED HIGH LIMIT (ECONOMIZER OFF WHEN):

Equation

Description

Fixed dry bulb

1,2,3,5, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16

ro..,>75°F

Outside air temperature exceeds 75°F

4, 6,7, 8, 9, 10 and 12

ro..,>70°F

Outside air temperature exceeds 70°F

Differential dry bulb

All

ToA ^ Tra

Outside air temperature exceeds return air temperature

Fixed enthalpy'

4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12

HoA > 28 Btu/lb'

Outside air enthalpy exceeds 28 Btu/lb of dry air

Electronic enthalpy

All

(Toa,RHoa)>A

Outside air temperature/RH exceeds the "A" set-point
curve^

Differential enthalpy

All

hoA > ^RA

Outside air enthalpy exceeds return air enthalpy

Fixed enthalpy controls are prohibited in climate zones 1, 2, 3, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.

At altitudes substantially different than sea level, the fixed enthalpy limit value shall be set to the enthalpy value at 75°F and 50 percent relative humidity. As an

example, at approximately 6000-foot elevation, the fixed enthalpy limit is approximately 30.7 Btu/lb.
Set point 'A" corresponds to a curve on the psychometric chart that goes through a point at approximately 75°F and 40 percent relative humidity and is nearly

parallel to dry bulb lines at low humidity levels and nearly parallel to enthalpy lines at high humidity levels.

Exception to Section 144 (j) l:Systems that include
no more than three control valves.

2. Chiller isolation. When a chilled water plant includes
more than one chiller, provisions shall be made so that
flow through any chiller is automatically shut off when
that chiller is shut off while still maintaining flow
through other operating chiller(s). Chillers that are
piped in series for the purpose of increased temperature
differential shall be considered as one chiller.

3. Boiler isolation. When a hot water plant includes more
than one boiler, provisions shall be made so that flow
through any boiler is automatically shut off when that
boiler is shut off while still maintaining flow through
other operating boiler(s).

4. Chilled and hot water temperature reset controls.

Chilled and hot water systems with a design capacity
exceeding 500,000 Btu/h supplying chilled or heated
water (or both) shall include controls that automatically
reset supply water temperatures as a function of repre-
sentative building loads or outside air temperature.

Exception to Section 144 (j) 4: Hydronic systems
that use variable flow to reduce pumping energy in
accordance with 144 (j) 1.

5. Water loop heat pump systems. Water-Loop Heat
Pump Systems having a total pump system power
exceeding 5 hp shall have flow controls that meet the
requirements of 144 (j) 6. Each heat pump shall have a
two-position automatic valve interlocked to shut off
water flow when the compressor is off.

6. Variable speed drives. Individual pumps serving vari-
able flow systems and having a motor horsepower
exceeding 5 hp shall have controls and/or devices (such
as variable speed control) that will result in pump motor
demand of no more than 30 percent of design wattage at
50 percent of design water flow. The controls or devices
shall be controlled as a function of desired flow or to
maintain a minimum required differential pressure.
Differential pressure shall be measured at or near the

most remote heat exchanger or the heat exchanger
requiring the greatest differential pressure.

Exception 1 to Section 144 (j) 6: Heating hot water
systems.

Exception 2 to Section 144 (j) 6: Condenser water
systems serving only water-cooled chillers.

(k) Air distribution system duct leakage sealing. All duct
systems shall be sealed to a leakage rate not to exceed 6 percent
of the fan flow if the duct system:

1 . Is connected to a constant volume, single zone, air con-
ditioners, heat pumps or furnaces, and

2. Serving less than 5,000 square feet of floor area; and

3. Having more than 25 percent duct surface area located
in one or more of the following spaces:

A. Outdoors, or

B . In a space directly under a roof where the U-factor of
the roof is greater than the U-factor of the ceiling, or

Exception to Section 144(k) 3 B:Where the roof
meets the requirements of 143 (a) 1 C.

C. In a space directly under a roof with fixed vents or
openings to the outside or unconditioned spaces, or

D. In an unconditioned crawlspace, or

E. In other unconditioned spaces.

The leakage rate shall be confirmed through field verifica-
tion and diagnostic testing, in accordance with procediu'es set
forth in the Nonresidential ACM Manual.

SECTION 145

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR SERVICE

WATER-HEATING SYSTEMS

(a) Nonresidential and hotel/motel occupancies. A service

water-heating system installed in a nonresidential or
hotel/motel building complies with this section if it complies
with the applicable requirements of Sections 111, 113 and 123.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

(b) High-rise residential occupancies. A service
water-heating system installed in a high-rise residential build-
ing complies with this section if it complies with Section 151
(f)8.

SECTION 146

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR INDOOR

LIGHTING

A building complies with this section if the actual lighting
power density calculated under Subsection (a) is no greater
than the allowed indoor lighting power density calculated
under Subsection (b).

(a) Calculation of actual indoor lighting power density.

The actual indoor lighting power of the proposed building area
is the total watts of all planned permanent and portable lighting
systems (including but not limited to, track and flexible light-
ing systems, lighting that is integral with modular furniture,
workstation task lights, portable freestanding lights, lights
attached to workstation panels, movable displays and cabinets,
and internally illuminated case work for task or display pur-
poses), subject to the following specific requirements and
adjustments under Items 1 through 6.

1. In office areas, if the actual watts of portable lighting
are not known at the time of permitting, the actual light-
ing power for portable and integral lighting shall be
determined using either Item A or B following. How-
ever, upon installation of the portable lighting systems
the building official may require resubmittal of compli-
ance documentation using installed lighting and equip-
ment data.

A. In office areas greater than 250 square feet with per-
manently installed lighting systems, a portable
lighting power of 0.2 watt per square foot shall be
included in calculation of actual lighting power
density.

B. In office areas of 250 square feet or less, no addi-
tional task lighting power will be required in the cal-
culation of actual lighting power.

2. In office areas greater than 250 square feet with perma-
nently installed lighting systems, if sufficient support-
ing evidence is submitted and accepted by the building
official, the actual lighting power for portable lighting
shall be included in the calculation of actual lighting
power. The individual signing the lighting plans, pursu-
ant to Division 3 of the California Business and Profes-
sions Code, shall clearly indicate on the plans the actual
lighting power for the portable lighting systems in the
area.

3. Multiple interlocked lighting systems serving a
space. When multiple interlocked lighting systems
serve a space, the watts of all systems except the system
with the highest wattage may be excluded if:

A. The lighting systems are interlocked to prevent
simultaneous operation; or

B. The lighting systems are controlled by a preset dim-
ming system or other device that prevents simulta-
neous operation of more than one lighting system.

except under the direct control of authorized
personnel.

4. Reduction of wattage through controls. The con-
trolled watts of any luminaire may be reduced by the
number of controlled watts times the applicable factor
from Table 146-Aif:

A. The control complies with Section 119; and

B. At least 50 percent of the light output of the
luminaire is within the applicable space listed in
Table 146-A; and

C. Except as noted in Table 146-A, only one power
adjustment factor is used for the luminaire; and

D. For occupant sensors used to qualify for the Power
Adjustment Factor in small offices less than or equal
to 250 square feet, the occupant sensor shall have an
automatic OFF function that turns off all the lights,
either an automatic or a manually controlled ON
function, and have wiring capabilities so that each
switch function activates a portion of the lights. The
occupant sensor shall meet all the multilevel and
uniformity requirements of Section 131 (b) for the
controlled lighting. The first stage shall activate
between 50-70 percent of the lights in a room either
through an automatic or manual action. After that
event occurs any of the following actions shall be
assigned to occur when manually called to do so by
the occupant.

i. Activating the alternate set of lights.

ii. Activating 100 percent of the lights.

iii. Deactivating all lights.

E. For daylighting control credits, the luminaire is con-
trolled by the daylighting control, and the luminaire
is located within the daylit area. The power adjust-
ment factor is a function of the lighting power den-
sity of the general lighting in the space and the
effective aperture of the skylights determined using
Equation 146-A.

EQUATION 146-A— EFFECTIVE APERTURE OF SKYLIGHTS

Effective Aperture =

0.85xTotal Skylight Area xGlazing Visible Light TransmittancexWell Efficiency
Daylit Area Under Skylights

Total skylight area is the sum of skylight areas above
the space. The skylight area is defined as the rough
opening of the skylight.

Glazing visible light transmitance is the ratio of visi-
ble light that is transmitted through a glazing mate-
rial to the light that is incident on the material. This
shall include all skylighting system accessories
including diffusers, louvers and other attachments
that impact the diffusion of skylight into the space.
The visible light transmittance of movable accesso-
ries shall be rated in the full open position. When the
visible light transmittance of glazing and accesso-
ries are rated separately, the overall glazing trans-
mittance is the product of the visible light
transmittances of the glazings and accessories.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Daylight area under skylights is as defined in Sec-
tion 131(c).

Well Efficiency is the ratio of the amount of visible
light leaving a skylight well to the amount of visible
light entering the skylight well and shall be deter-
mined from the nomograph in Figure 146-A based
on the weighted average reflectance of the walls of
the well and the well cavity ratio (WCR), or other
test method approved by the Commission.

The well cavity ratio (WCR) is determined by the
geometry of the skylight well and shall be deter-
mined using either Equation 146-B or Equation
146-C.

WCR

EQUATION 146-B— WELL CAVITY RATIO FOR
RECTANGULAR WELLS

5 X well height (well length + well width )

well length x well width

EQUATION 146-C— WELL CAVITY RATIO FOR
NONRECTANGULAR-SHAPED WELLS

WCR

f Z5 X well height x well perimeter

well area

Where the length, width, perimeter and area are measured at
the bottom of the well.

TABLE 146-A
LIGHTING POWER ADJUSTMENT FACTORS

TYPE OF CONTROL

TYPE OF SPACE

FACTOR

Occupant sensor with "manual ON" or
bilevel automatic ON combined with
multilevel circuitry and switching

Any space < 250 square feet enclosed by floor- to-ceiling partitions; any
size classroom, corridor or conference, or waiting room

0.20

Occupant sensor controlled multilevel
switching or dimming system that reduces
lighting power at least 50 percent when
no persons are present

Dimming system

Manual

Multiscene programmable

Manual dimming with automatic load
control of dimmable electronic ballasts.

Hallways of hotels/motels

Commercial and industrial storage stack areas (max. two aisles per

sensor)

Libraiy stacks (maximum two aisles per sensor)

Hotels/motels, restaurants, auditoriums, theaters

Hotels/motels, restaurants, auditoriums, theaters
All building types

Combined controls

Occupant sensor with "manual ON" or
bilevel automatic ON combined with
multilevel circuitry and switching in
conjunction with daylighting controls
Manual dimming with dimmable
electronic ballasts and occupant sensor
with "manual ON" or automatic ON to
less than 50 percent power and switching

Automatic daylighting controls with windows (Stepped switching or stepped dimming/continuous dimmed)

WINDOW WALL RATIO

Any space < 250 square feet within a daylit area and enclosed by
tloor-to-ceiling partitions, any size classroom, conidor, conference or
waiting room

Any space < 250 square feet enclosed by floor-to-ceihng partitions; any
size classroom, corridor, conference or waiting room

.25
.15

.15
0.10

0.20

.25

0.10 (may be added to

daylighting control

credit)

0.25

Glazing type — Windows

VLT > 60%

VLT > 35 and < 60%

VLT < 35%

< 20%

0.20/0.30
0/0
0/0

20% to 40%

0.30/0.40

0.20/0.30

0/0

> 40%

0.40/0.40
0.30/0.40
0.20/0.40

Glazing type — Skylights

AUTOMATIC MULTILEVEL DAYLIGHTING CONTROLS WITH SKYLIGHTS

Factor

Glazing material or diffuser with ASTM
D 1003 haze measurement greater than 90
percent

10 X Effective Aperture

Lighting Power Density
10

+ 0.2

where:

Effective aperture is as calculated in the Equation 146-A.

Lighting power density is the lighting power density of general lighting.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

UJ
"55

Reflectance = 99%

Reflectance = 90%

Reflectance ^ 80%

Reflectance = 70%
Reflectance = 60%
Reflectance = 40%

8 10 12 14

Well cavity ratio (WCR)

FIGURE 146-A WELL EFFICIENCY NOMOGRAPH

5. Lighting wattage excluded. The watts of the follow-
ing lighting applications may be excluded from the
actual lighting power density of the building:

A. In theme parks: lighting for themes and special
effects;

B. Lighting for film, video or photography studios;

C. Lighting for dance floors and lighting for theatrical
and other live performances, provided that these
lighting systems are additions to a general lighting
system and are controlled by a multiscene or theatri-
cal cross-fade control station accessible only to
authorized operators;

D. In civic facilities, transportation facilities, conven-
tion centers and hotel function areas: lighting for
temporary exhibits, if the lighting is in addition to a
general lighting system, and is separately controlled
from a panel accessible only to authorized
operators;

E. Lighting installed by the manufacturer in refriger-
ated cases, walk-in freezers, vending machines,
food preparation equipment, and scientific and
industrial equipment;

F. In medical and clinical buildings, examination and
surgical lights, low-level night lights and lighting
integral to medical equipment;

G. Lighting for plant growth or maintenance if it is
equipped with an automatic 24-hour time switch
that has program backup capabilities that prevent
the loss of the switch's program and time setting for
at least 10 hours if power is interrupted;

H. Lighting equipment that is for sale;

I. Lighting demonstration equipment in lighting edu-
cation facilities;

J. Lighting that is required for exit signs subject to the
CBC if it has a maximum lamp input power rating of
five watts per illuminated face;

K. Exitway or egress illumination that is normally off
and that is subject to the CBC;

L. In hotel/motel buildings, lighting in guest rooms;

M. In high-rise residential buildings, lighting in living
quarters;

N. Temporary lighting systems;

O. Lighting in occupancy group U buildings less than
1000 square feet;

P. Lighting in unconditioned agricultural buildings
less than 2500 square feet;

Q. Lighting systems in qualified historic buildings, as
defmed in the California Historical Building Code
(Title 24, Part 8), are exempt from the lighting
power allowances, if they consist solely of historic
lighting components or replicas of historic lighting
components. If lighting systems in qualified build-
ings contain some historic lighting components or
replicas of historic components, combined with
other lighting components, only those historic or
historic replica components are exempt. All other
lighting systems in qualified historic buildings shall
comply with the lighting power allowances;

R. Parking garages for seven or fewer vehicles;

S. Internally illuminated, externally illuminated and
unfiltered signs.

6. Lighting fixtures. The watts of track and other lighting
fixtures that allow the substitution of low efficacy
sources for high efficacy sources without altering the
wiring of the fixture shall be determined in accordance

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

with Section 130 (c) or by a method approved by the
commission.

(b) Calculation of allowed indoor lighting power density.

The allowed indoor lighting power density for each application
for a building permit shall be calculated using one and only one
of the methods in Subsection 1, 2 or 3, as applicable, except as
noted in Section 146 (b) 3. The allowed indoor lighting power
density for conditioned and unconditioned spaces shall be sep-
arate allotments, which shall be met separately without trade-
offs between the separate allotments.

1. Complete building method. The Complete Building
Method shall be used only on projects involving entire
buildings with one type of use occupancy or mixed
occupancy buildings where one type of use occupancy
makes up 90 percent of the entire building. This
approach shall only be used when the applicant is
applying for a lighting permit for, and submits plans and
specifications for, the entire building. Under this
approach, the allowed lighting power density is the
lighting power density value in Table 146-B times the
floor area of the entire building. Hotel/motel and
high-rise residential buildings shall not use this
method. The retail and wholesale store type of use light-
ing power allowance shall be used only for single tenant
retail and wholesale buildings, or for buildings with
multiple tenants if it is known at the time of permit
application that the buildings will be entirely made up
of retail and wholesale stores. Retail and wholesale
store buildings shall use this method only if the mer-
chandise sales function area is 70 percent or greater of
the building area.

2. Area category method. Under the Area Category
Method, the total allowed lighting power for the build-

ing is the sum of all allowed lighting powers for all
areas in the building. For purposes of the Area Category
Method, an "area" shall be defined as all contiguous
spaces which accommodate or are associated with a sin-
gle one of the primary functions listed in Table 146-C.
Where areas are bounded or separated by interior parti-
tions, the floor space occupied by those interior parti-
tions shall be included in any area. If at the time of
permitting a tenant is not identified for a multitenant
space, the tenant leased space allowance from Table
146-C shall be used. When the Area Category Method
is used to calculate the allowed total lighting power for
an entire building, main entry lobbies, corridors,
restrooms and support functions shall be treated as sep-
arate areas.

Tailored method. The Tailored Method shall only be
used for spaces whose combined area does not exceed
30 percent of the building that is otherwise using the
Area Category Method. The Tailored Method and the
Area Category method shall not be used for the same
floor area. The floor area for calculations based on the
Tailored Method shall be subtracted from the floor area
for the remainder of the building lighting calculations.
Trade-offs of lighting power between the Tailored
Method and Area Category Methods are not allowed.

Exception 1 to 146 (b) 3: The Tailored Method may
be used for up to 100 percent of the building area of
Retail Merchandise Sales and Museums.

Exception 2 to 146 (b) 3: If a single function area
within the building exceeds 30 percent of the floor
area of the entire building, the Tailored Method may
be used for that entire function area alone, with the
remaining spaces using the Area Category Method.

TABLE 146-B

COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD-LIGHTING POWER DENSITY VALUES (Watts/ft'

TYPE OF USE

ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER

Auditoriums

1.5

Convention Centers

1.3

Financial Institutions

1.1

General commercial and industrial work buildings
High bay
Low bay

1.1
1.0

Grocery stores

1.5

Hotels

1.4

Industrial and commercial storage buildings

0.7

Medical buildings and clinics

1.1

Office buildings

1.1

Parking Garages

0.4

Religious facilities

1.6

Restaurants

1.2

Retail and wholesale stores*

1.5

Schools

1.2

Theaters

1.3

All others

0.6

For retail and wholesale stores, the complete building method may be used only when the sales area is 70 percent or greater of the building space.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

TABLE 146-C

AREA CATEGORY METHOD-LIGHTING POWER DENSITY VALUES (Watts/ft")

PRIMARY FUNCTION

ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER

Auditorium

1.5*

Auto repair

1.1**

Classrooms, lecture, training, vocational room

1.2

Civic meeting place

1.3*

Commercial and industrial storage

0.6

Convention, conference, multipurpose and meeting centers

1.4*

Conidors, restrooms, stairs and support areas

0.6

Dining

1.1*

Electrical, mechanical rooms

0.7**

Exercise center, gymnasium

1.0

Exhibit, museum

2.0

Financial transactions

1.2*

General commercial and industrial work:

High bay

1.1**

Low bay

1.0**

Precision

1.3***

Grocery sales

1.6

Housing, Public and Commons Areas

Multifamily

1.0

DoiTOitory, Senior Housing

1.5

Hotel function area

1.5*

Kitchen, food preparation

1.6

Laundry

0.9

Library

Reading areas

1.2

Stacks

1.5

Lobbies:

Hotel lobby

1.1*

Main entry lobby

1.5*

Locker/dressing room

0.8

Lounge/recreation

1.1

Malls and atria

1.2*

Medical and clinical care

1.2

Office

1.2

Parking garage

0.4

Religious worship

1.5*

Retail merchandise sales, wholesale showrooms

1.7*

Tenant lease space

1.0

Transportation function

1.2

Theaters:

Motion picture

0.9*

Performance

1.4*

Waiting area

1.1*

All other

0.6

*The smallest of the following values may be added to the allowed lighting power for ornamental chandeliers and sconces
that are switched or dimmed on circuits different from the circuits for general lighting:

a. One watt per square foot times the area of the task space that the chandelier or sconce is in; or

b. The actual design wattage of the chandelier or sconce.

**The smallest of the following values may be added to the allowed lighting power for specialized task work:

a. 0.5 watt per square foot times the area of the task space required for an art, craft assembly or manufacturing operation; or

b. The actual design wattage of the luminaire(s) providing illuminance to the specialized task area. For spaces employing
this allowance, the plans shall clearly identify all task spaces using these tasks and the lighting equipment designed to illu-
minate these tasks. Tasks that are perfonned less than two hours per day or poor quality tasks that can be improved are not
eligible for this specialized task work allowance.

** *The smallest of the following values may be added to the allowed power for precision commercial and industrial work:

a. One watt per square foot times the area of the task space required for the precision work; or

b. The actual design wattage of the luminaire(s) providing the illuminance to the precision task area. For spaces employ-
ing this allowance, the plans shall clearly identify all task spaces using these tasks and the lighting equipment designed to
illuminate these tasks. Tasks that are perfonned less than two hours per day or poor quality tasks that can be improved are
not eligible for this precision task work allowance.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

TABLE 146-D
TAILORED METHOD SPECIAL LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES

PRIMARY FUNCTION

ILLUMINATION
CATEGORY

WALL
DISPLAY
POWER

(W/ft)

ALLOWED
FLOOR DISPLAY

POWER (W/ft")

ALLOWED

ORNAMENTAL/SPECIAL

EFFECT LIGHTING

ALLOWED VERY

VALUABLE DISPLAY

POWER (W/Ft')

Auditorium

2.5

0.3

0.5

Civic meeting place

3.5

0.2

0.5

—

Classrooms, lecture, training, vocational room

Commercial and industrial storage

lESNAHB

Convention, conference, multipurpose and meeting
centers

2.5

0.4

0.5

Corridors, restrooms, stairs and support areas

lESNA HB

Dining

1.5

0.6

Exercise center, gymnasium

lESNA HB

Exhibit, museum

20.0

1.4

0.7

1.3

Financial transactions

3.5

0.2

0.6

Grocery store

1.2

Housing, public and commons areas:
Multifamily
Dormitory, senior housing

D
D

1.0
1.0

Hotel function area

2.5

0.2

0.5

Kitchen, food preparation

lESNA HB

Laundry

lESNA HB

Library:

Reading areas
Stacks

D
D

0.7
0.7

Lobbies:
Hotel lobby
Main entiy lobby

C
C

3.5
3.5

.2
.2

0.7

Locker/dressing room

lESNA HB

Lounge/recreation

0.7

Malls and atria

3.5

0.5

0.7

Medical and clinical care

lESNA HB

Office

lESNA HB

Jail

lESNA HB

Police or fire stations

lESNA HB

Religious worship

1.5

0.5

0.3

Retail merchandise sales, wholesale showrooms

21.0

1.5

0.7

1.3

Tenant lease space

Transportation function

3.5

0.3

0.7

Theaters:

Motion picture
Perfomiance

3
6

0.6
0.6

Waiting area

3.5

0.7

All other

lESNA HB

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Under the Tailored Method, the allowed indoor lighting
power shall be calculated according to primary function
type as permitted in column 1 of Table 146-D.

A. For all spaces, determine the general lighting allow-
ance according to Sections 1 46 (b) 3 A i through vi.

i. If a specific lESNA Illuminance Category is
listed in Column 2 of Table 146-D, then such
illuminance category shall be used. Otherwise,
determine the category for each lighting task
according to categories specified in the lESNA
Lighting Handbook (lESNA HB), using the
"Design Guide" for illuminance. It is permissi-
ble to have more than one task type in a space.
For spaces employing tasks E, F or G, submit
plans under Section 10-103 of Title 24, Part 1
clearly identifying all task spaces for such cate-
gories and the lighting equipment designed to
illuminate them. Tasks that are performed less
than two hours a day, or poor quality tasks that
can be improved shall not be employed to justify
use of E, F or G.

ii. Determine the area of each task. Areas without
tasks shall be identified as nontask. The total of
all task areas and nontask areas shall be equal to
the area of the space.

iii. Determine the room cavity ratio (RCR) and area
of each space. The RCR shall be calculated
using either Equation 146-D or Equation 146-E.

EQUATION 146-D— ROOM CAVITY RATIO FOR
RECTANGULAR ROOMS

RCR

5H(L^W)

EQUATION 146-E— ROOM CAVITY RATIO FOR
IRREGULAR-SHAPED ROOMS

RCR

ISHxP

where:
L =
W =
H =

P -

A =

IV.

Length of room.

Width of room.

Vertical distance from the work plane to the centerline of

the lighting fixture.

Perimeter of room.

Area of room.

Multiply the area of each task by the allowed
lighting power density for the task according to
Table 146-F. The product, or the actual installed
lighting power for the task, whichever is less, is
the allowed lighting power for the task.

For nontask areas, the allowed lighting power
density shall be 50 percent of the adjacent task
area or that permitted for Category D, whichever
is lower. Multiply the nontask area by the
allowed lighting power density.

Add the allowed lighting power of all tasks and
nontask areas. This is the Allowed General
Lighting Power for the Space.

VI.

B. Determine additional allowed power for display and
decorative lighting according to Sections 146 (b) 3
B i through v.

i. Separate wall display lighting power is permit-
ted if allowed by column 3 of Table 146-D. The
allowed wall display lighting power is the
smaller of:

a. The product of the room wall lengths and the
listed allowed power density watts per linear
foot (w/ft) in column 3 of Table 146-D, if
applicable, or

b. The actual power of wall lighting systems.

The length of display walls shall include the
length of the perimeter walls, including
closable openings and permanent full-height
interior partitions. For mounting height of
display 13' above the finished floor or
higher, this amount may be increased by
multiplying the product by the appropriate
factor from Table 146-E. Qualifying wall
lighting systems shall be mounted within
72" of the wall and shall be of a lighting sys-
tem type appropriate for wall lighting
including a lighting track, wallwasher,
valance, cove or adjustable accent light.

ii. Separate floor display lighting power is allowed
if allowed by column 4 of Table 146-D. The
allowed floor display lighting power is the
smaller of:

a. The product of the area of the space and the
allowed floor display lighting power density
listed in column 4 of Table 146-D, if applica-
ble, or

b. The actual power of floor display lighting
systems.

For mounting height display lighting 13'
above finished floor or higher, this amount
may be increased by multiplying the product
by the appropriate factor from Table 146-E.
Qualifying floor display lighting systems
shall be mounted no closer than 72" to a wall
and shall be a lighting system type such as
track lighting, adjustable or fixed luminaires
with PAR, R, MR, AR or other projector
lamp types or employing optics providing
directional display light from nondirectional
lamps. Except for lighting for very valuable
merchandise as defined below, lighting
mounted inside of display cases shall also be
considered floor display lighting.

iii. Separate ornamental/special effects lighting
power is permitted if allowed by column 5 of
Table 146-D. If so, the allowed ornamental/spe-
cial effects lighting power is the smaller of:

a. The product of the area of the space and the
allowed ornamental/special effects lighting

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

power density specified in column 5 of Table
146-D, if applicable, or

b. The actual power of allowed ornamen-
tal/special effects lighting luminaires.

Qualifying ornamental luminaires include
chandeliers, sconces, lanterns, neon and
cold cathode, light emitting diodes, theatri-
cal projectors, moving lights and light color
panels when used in a decorative manner
that does not serve as display lighting. Orna-
mental/special effects lighting shall not be
the only light source in the space.

iv. Separate lighting power for very valuable dis-
plays is permitted if allowed by column 6 of
Table 146-D. The allowed lighting power for
very valuable displays is the smallest of:

a. The product of the area of the space and the
allowed very valuable lighting power den-
sity specified in column 6 of Table 146-D, if
applicable, or

b. The product of the area of the display case
and 20 watts per square foot, or

c. The actual power of lighting for very valu-
able displays.

Qualifying lighting includes internal display
case lighting or external lighting employing
highly directional luminaires specifically

designed to illuminate the case without spill
light. To qualify for this allowance, cases
shall contain jewelry, coins, fine china or
crystal, precious stones, silver, small art
objects and artifacts, and/or valuable collec-
tions the selling of which involves customer
inspection of very fine detail from outside of
a locked case.

V. Only the general portion of the lighting power
determined in 1 46 (b) 3 A above shall be used for
tradeoffs among the various occupancy or task
types of the permitted space. The allowed wall
display lighting power, the allowed floor display
lighting power, the allowed ornamental/special
effect lighting power, and the allowed lighting
power for very valuable displays are "use it or
lose it" power allowances that shall not be traded
off

Exception 1 to 146 (b) 3: The Tailored Method
may be used for up to 100 percent of the entire
building area of Retail Merchandise Sales and
Museums.

Exception 2 to 146 (b) 3: If a single function
area within the building exceeds 30 percent of
the floor area of the entire building, the Tailored
Method may be used for that entire function
area alone, with the remaining spaces using the
Area Category Method.

TABLE 146-E
AJUSTMENTS FOR MOUNTING HEIGHT ABOVE FLOOR

HEIGHT IN FEET ABOVE FINISHED FLOOR AND BOTTOM

OF LUMINAIRE{S)

MULTIPLY BY

12 or less

1.0

1.05

1.10

1.15

1.21

1.47

1.65

1.84

TABLE 146-F
ILLUMINANCE CATEGORIES A THROUGH G— LIGHTING POWER DENSITY VALUES (Watts/ft^)

lESNA ILLUMINANCE

CATEGORY

RCR0.5

3.5<RCR<7.0

RCR>7.0

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.7

0.6

0.8

1.1

0.9

1.2

1.4

1.3

1.8

2.5

2.7

3.5

4.7

8.1

10.5

13.7

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

SECTION 147
REQUIREMENTS FOR OUTDOOR LIGHTING

This section applies to all outdoor lighting, whether attached to
buildings, poles, structures or self-supporting, including but
not limited to, hardscape areas including parking lots, lighting
for building entrances, sales and nonsales canopies; lighting
for all outdoor sales areas; and lighting for building facades.

Exceptions to Section 147:

1. Temporary outdoor lighting.

2. Lighting required and regulated by the Federal Aviation
Administration, and the Coast Guard.

3. Lighting for public streets, roadways, highways and
traffic signage lighting, including lighting for driveway
entrances occurring in the public right-of-way.

4. Lighting for sports and athletic fields, and children's
playgrounds.

5. Lighting for industrial sites, including but not limited
to, rail yards, maritime shipyards and docks, piers and
marinas, chemical and petroleum processing plants,
and aviation facilities.

6. Automated teller machine lighting.

7. Lighting of public monuments.

8 . Internally illuminated, externally illuminated and unfil-
tered signs.

9. Lighting used in or around swimming pools, water fea-
tures or other locations subject to Article 680 of the
California Electrical Code.

10. Lighting of tunnels, bridges, stairs and ramps.

11. Landscape lighting.

(a) Outdoor lighting power. An outdoor lighting installa-
tion complies with this section if the actual outdoor lighting
power calculated under Subsection (b) is no greater than the
allowed outdoor lighting power calculated under Subsection
(c). The allowed outdoor lighting shall be calculated by Light-
ing Zone as defined in Section 10-114. Local governments may
amend lighting zones in compliance with Section 10-114.
Trading off lighting power allowances with any indoor areas
shall not be permitted.

(b) Calculation of actual lighting power. The actual light-
ing power of outdoor lighting is the total watts of all lighting
systems (including ballast or transformer loss).

L Determine the allowed lighting power for general illu-
mination of the site as follows:

A. In plan view of the site, determine the illuminated
area. The illuminated area is defined as any area
within a square pattern around each luminaire or
pole that is six times the luminaire mounting height,
with the luminaire in the middle of the pattern, less
any area that is within a building, under a canopy,
beyond property lines, or obstructed by a sign or
structure.

B. Determine a lighting application from Table 147-A
for each portion of the illuminated area. Determine
the allowed area for each application. Note that the
allowed area only applies to illuminated areas. Only
portions of the site that are inside the illuminated
area determined in step A qualify for allowed light-
ing power for general illumination. Multiply the
allowed area of each lighting application by the
allowed lighting power density from Table 147-A.
Only applications listed in Table 147-A shall be
included. Each portion of the illuminated area shall
only be assigned one lighting application, and the
assigned lighting applications shall be consistent
with the actual use of the area. The allowed area of a
site roadway, driveway, sidewalk, walkway or bike-
way shall be determined by either of the following
methods:

i. The actual paved area plus 5 feet on either side
of the centerline path of travel; or

ii. A 25-foot wide area running along the axis of the
path of travel and including as much of the
paved area of the site roadway, driveway, side-
walk, walkway or bikeway as possible. Any
overlapping area of another lighting application
shall be subtracted from the area of the other
lighting application. In this case the allowed
lighting power is the length of the centerline of
the path times the allowed power per unit length.

Exception 1 to Section 147 (c) 1 B: For

hardscape including parking lots, site road-
ways, driveways, sidewalks, walkways or
bike-ways, when specific light levels are
required by law through a local ordinance, the
allowed lighting power densities specified in
Table 147-C may be used to calculate the
allowed lighting power.

Exception 2 to Section 147 (c) 1 B: For retail
parking lots in lighting zones 1, 2 and 3,
hardscape areas within 100 feet of the entrance
of senior housing facilities, and parking lots
and walkways within 60 feet of building
entrances for law enforcement, fire, ambulance
and emergency vehicle facilities, the allowed
lighting power densities specified in Tables
147-A may be adjusted by applying the multi-
pliers for special security requirements in Table
147-D to establish allowed lighting power for
these special applications. Luminaires qualify-
ing for these adjusted allowances shall not be
used to determine allowed power for general
illumination. The adjusted lighting power
allowances shall be separate allotments, which
shall be complied with separately without
tradeoffs.

C. Determine the sum of the allowed power for all gen-
eral illuminated areas of the site as determined in
Section 147 (c) 1 B.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

2. Determine the allowed lighting power for specific
applications as follows:

A. Determine the allowed lighting power for building
facade. The allowed lighting power for lighting the
facade shall be the smaller of the product of the area
of the facade and the allowed lighting power density
for it from Table 147-B, or the actual power used to
illuminate the facade. Only areas of the facade that
are illuminated without obstruction or interference,
by one or more luminaires, shall be used.
Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall not
be used to determine allowed lighting power for
general illumination.

B. Determine the allowed lighting power for outdoor
sales frontage. The allowed lighting power for out-
door sales frontage shall be the smaller of the prod-
uct of the frontage (in feet) and the allowed lighting
power density per foot from Table 147-B, or the
actual power used to illuminate the frontage. Sales
frontage shall be immediately adjacent to the princi-
pal viewing location and unobstructed for its view-
ing length. A corner sales lot may include both sides,
provided that a different principal viewing location
exists for each side. Measured in plan view, only
sections of the outdoor sales area that are along the
frontage and are within three mounting heights of
frontage luminaires shall be eligible for this power
allowance. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance
shall be located in plan view between the principal
viewing location and the frontage outdoor sales area
and shall not be used to determine allowed lighting
power for general illumination.

C. Determine the allowed lighting power for ornamen-
tal lighting. The allowed lighting power for orna-
mental lighting shall be the smaller of the product of
the total area of the site external to buildings, and the
allowed lighting power density for ornamental
lighting from Table 147-B, or the actual power used
for ornamental lighting. Luminaires qualifying for
this allowance shall employ lamps rated 100 watts
or less, and shall not be used to determine allowed
lighting power for general illumination.

D. Determine the allowed lighting power for lighting
under canopies. The allowed lighting power for
lighting under a canopy shall be the smaller of the
product of the area in plan view of the horizontal
projection of the canopy and the allowed lighting
power density for either a vehicle service station
with or without canopies, for all other sales cano-
pies, or for nonsales canopies from Table 147-B or
the actual power used for lighting mounted beneath
the canopy. Luminaires qualifying for this allow-
ance shall not be used to determine allowed lighting
power for general illumination.

E. Determine the allowed lighting power for lighting
of vehicle service stations without canopies. The
allowed lighting power for a service station without
canopy shall be the smaller of the product of the

allowed lighting power density for a vehicle service
station with or without canopies and 500 square feet
per double-sided fuel dispenser, or the actual power
used to illuminate this area (in cases where the site
allows fuel to be dispensed only on one side of the
dispenser, the allowed lighting power shall be the
smaller of the product of the allowed lighting power
density and 250 square feet per dispenser or the
actual power). Luminaires qualifying for this allow-
ance shall not be used to determine allowed lighting
power for general illumination.

F. Determine the allowed lighting power for lighting
of vehicle service station hardscape areas. The
allowed lighting power for vehicle service station
hardscape areas shall be the smaller of the product of
the area of the vehicle service station hardscape and
the allowed lighting power density foot from Table
147-B, or the actual power used to illuminate this
area. Vehicle service station hardscape areas include
all vehicle service station outdoor hardscape areas
beyond the horizontal projection of the canopy in
plan view. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance
shall not be used to determine allowed lighting
power for general illumination.

G. Determine the allowed lighting power for drive-up
windows. The allowed lighting power for drive-up
windows shall be the smaller of the product of the
area of the drive-up window and the allowed light-
ing power density foot from Table 147-B, or the
actual power used to illuminate this area. Drive-up
window area is the product of the width of the win-
dow plus six feet and the distance 30 feet outward
from the window. Luminaires qualifying for this
allowance shall not be used to determine allowed
lighting power for general illumination.

H. Determine the allowed lighting power for guarded
facilities. The allowed lighting power for guarded
facilities shall be the smaller of the product of the
area for the guarded facility and the allowed lighting
power densities specified in Tables 147-B. The
guarded facility area includes the guardhouse inte-
rior area plus the product of the entrance width of 25
feet and length of 80 feet. Guarded facilities include
the entrance driveway, gatehouse and guardhouse
interior areas that provide access to secure areas
controlled by security personnel who stop and may
inspect vehicles and vehicle occupants including
identification documentation, vehicle license plates
and vehicle contents. Luminaires qualifying for this
allowance shall not be used to determine allowed
lighting power for general illumination.

I. Determine the allowed lighting power for outdoor
dining. The allowed lighting power for outdoor din-
ing shall be the smaller of the product of the outdoor
dining area and the allowed lighting power density
from Table 147-B, or the actual power used to illu-
minate this area. Outdoor dining areas are hardscape
areas used to serve and consume food and bever-
ages. Luminaires qualifying for this allowance shall

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

not be used to determine allowed lighting power for
general illumination.

The Allowed Lighting Power shall be the total of the
allowed power for general illumination of the site as
determined in Section 147 (c) 1 C and the sum of all the
allowed power for specific applications determined

under Section 147 (c) 2. The allowed outdoor power
and the allowed indoor power determined in Section
146 (b) shall be separate allotments, which shall be met
separately without tradeoffs between the separate
allotments.

TABLE 147-A
LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES FOR GENERAL SITE ILLUMINATION (W/ft^ unless otherwise noted)

LIGHTING APPLICATION

ALLOWED AREA

LIGHTING
ZONE1

LIGHTING
ZONE 2

LIGHTING
ZONES

LIGHTING
ZONE 4

Hardscape for automotive vehicular use,
including parking lots driveways and site
roads

Method (i.) Actual paved area plus 5'
perimeter of adjacent unpaved land.
Includes planters and landscaped areas less
than 10' wide that are enclosed by
hardscape on at least three sides.

0.05

0.08

0.15

0.19

Hardscape for pedestrian use, including
plazas, sidewalks, walkways and bikeways

Method (i.) Actual paved area plus 5 feet
of unpaved land on either side of path of
travel. Shall include all continuous paved
area before including adjacent grounds.

0.06

0.09

0.17

0.21

Hardscape for driveways, site roads,
sidewalks, walkways and bikeways

Method (ii.) 25' wide path incorporating as
much of the paved area of the site
roadway, driveway, sidewalk, walkway or
bikeway as possible.

l.Ow/lf

1.5 w/lf

4.0 w/lf

5.0 w/lf

Building entrances (without canopy)

Width of doors plus 3 ft on either side
times a distance of 18 feet outward.

0.35

0.50

0.70

1.00

Outdoor sales lot

Actual portion of uncovered outdoor sales
lot used exclusively for display of vehicles
or other merchandise for sale. All adjacent
access drives, walkway areas, customer
parking areas, vehicle service or storage
areas that are not sun'ounded on at least
three sides by sales area shall be
considered hardscape.

0.35

0.70

1.25

2.00

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

TABLE 147-B
LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS {W/ft^ unless otherwise noted)

LIGHTING APPLICATION

LIGHTING ZONE 1

LIGHTING ZONE 2

LIGHTING ZONE 3

LIGHTING ZONE 4

Building facades

Not allowed

0.18

0.35

0.50

Outdoor sales frontage (frontage in linear feet)

Not allowed

22.5 w/lf

38.5 w/lf

55 w/lf

Vehicle service station with or without canopies

0.70

1.15

1.45

2.40

Vehicle service station hardscape

0.05

0.20

0.40

0.60

All other sales canopies

Not allowed

0.70

1.00

1.25

Nonsales canopies

0.12

0.25

0.50

0.70

Ornamental lighting

Not allowed

0.01

0.02

0.04

Drive up windows

0.12

0.25

0.50

0.70

Guarded facilities

0.19

0.40

0.80

1.10

Outdoor dining

0.05

0.18

0.35

0.55

TABLE 147-C
ALTERNATIVE POWER ALLOWANCE FOR ORDINANCE REQUIREMENTS

REQUIRED LIGHT LEVELS BY LAW THROUGH A LOCAL
ORDINANCE (Horizontal foot-candles, average)

2^0

3^0

4.0 or greater

ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER DENSITY (W/ft^)

0^05

0^07

OAO

0J2

0J9

0.25

TABLE 147-D
MULTIPLIERS FOR SPECIAL SECURITY REQUIREMENTS

FUNCTION

Retail parking lots in lighting zones 1, 2 and 3

Hardscape areas within 100 feet of the entrance of senior housing facilities in lighting
zones 1 . 2 and 3

MULTIPLIER

1.25

Parking lots and walkways within 60 feet of entrances to the building for law
enforcement, fire, ambulance and emergency vehicle facilities

2.00

SECTION 148
REQUIREMENTS FOR SIGNS

This section applies to all internally illuminated and externally
illuminated signs, both indoor and outdoor. Each sign shall
comply with either subsection (a) or (b), as applicable, or with
one of the alternatives that immediately follow subsection (b).

(a) For internally illuminated signs, the maximum allowed
lighting power shall not exceed the product of the illuminated
sign area and 12 watts per square foot. For double-faced signs,
only the area of a single face shall be used to determine the
allowed lighting power.

(b) For externally illuminated signs, the maximum allowed
lighting power shall not exceed the product of the illuminated
sign area and 2.3 watts per square foot. Only areas of an exter-
nally lighted sign that are illuminated without obstruction or
interference, by one or more luminaires, shall be used.

Alternative to 148 (a) and (b): The sign complies with this
section if it is:

1 . Equipped only with one or more of the following light
sources: high pressure sodium, pulse start and cerainic
metal halide, neon, cold cathode, light emitting diodes,
barrier coat rare earth phosphor fluorescent lamps or
compact fluorescent lamps that do not contain a medium
base socket (E24/E26), or

2. Equipped only with electronic ballasts with a fundamen-
tal output frequency not less than 20kHz.

Exception 1 to Section 148: Unfiltered signs and traffic
signs.

Exception 2 to Section 148: Exit signs shall meet the
requirements of the Appliance Efficiency Regulations.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTER 6

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL
OCCUPANCIES— ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS

SECTION 149

ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS TO

EXISTING BUILDINGS THAT WILL BE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND

HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES AND TO EXISTING

OUTDOOR LIGHTING FOR THESE OCCUPANCIES

AND TO INTERNALLY AND EXTERNALLY

ILLUMINATED SIGNS

(a) Additions. Additions shall meet either Item 1 or 2 below.

1. Prescriptive approach. The envelope and lighting of
the addition, any newly installed space-conditioning or
water-heating system serving the addition, any addition
to an outdoor lighting system and any new sign installed
in conjunction with an indoor or outdoor addition shall
meet the applicable requirements of Sections 110
through 139 and Sections 142 through 148.

2. Performance approach.

A. The envelope and indoor lighting in the conditioned
space of the addition, and any newly installed space
conditioning or water heating system serving the
addition, shall meet the applicable requirements of
Sections 110 through 139; and

B. Either:

i. The addition alone shall comply with Section
141; or

ii. The energy efficiency of the existing building
shall be improved so that the entire building
meets the energy budget in Section 141 that
would apply to the entire building if the alter-
ations to the existing building met the require-
ments of 149 (b) 2 B, and the addition alone
complied with Item 1 .

Exception 1 to Section 149 (a): When heat-
ing, cooling or service water heating to an
addition are provided by expanding existing
systems, the existing systems and equipment
need not comply with Sections 110 through
129 or Sections 144 through 145.

Exception 2 to Section 149 (a): Where an
existing system with electric reheat is
expanded by adding variable air volume
(VAV) boxes to serve an addition, total electric
reheat capacity may be expanded not to
exceed 50 percent of the existing installed
electric heating capacity in any one permit and
the system need not comply with Section 144
(g). Additional electric reheat capacity in
excess of 50 percent may be added subject to
the requirements of the Section 144 (g).

Exception 3 to Section 149 (a): When ducts
will be extended from an existing duct system
to serve the addition, the ducts shall meet the
requirements of Section 149 (b) 1 D.

(b) Alterations. Alterations to existing nonresidential,
high-rise residential or hotel/motel buildings or alterations in
conjunction with a change in building occupancy to a nonresi-
dential, high-rise residential or hotel/motel occupancy not sub-
ject to Subsection (a) shall meet either Item 1 or 2 below.

1. Prescriptive approach. The altered envelope, space
conditioning, lighting and water heating components,
and any newly installed equipment serving the alter-
ation, shall meet the applicable requirements of Sec-
tions 110 through 139; and

Note: Replacement of parts of an existing luminaire,
including installing a new ballast or new lamps, with-
out replacing the entire luminaire is not an alteration
subject to the requirements of Section 149 (b) 1.

A. Alterations to the building envelope other than those
subject to 149(b) 1 B shall:

i. When there are no changes to fenestration area,
meet the requirements of Section 1 43 (a) for the
altered component; or

Exception to Section 149 (b) lA (i): When
only a portion of an entire building's fenestra-
tion is replaced, or 50 square feet or less of
fenestration area is added, compliance may be
shown with Section 149 (b) A (i) except that
the solar heat gain coefficient requirement of
Section 143 is not required.

ii. Neither increase the overall heat gain nor
increase the overall heat loss of the building
envelope.

B. Replacements, recovering or recoating of the exte-
rior surface of existing nonresidential low-sloped
roofs shall meet Subsection i or ii where more than
fifty percent of the roof or more than 2,000 square
feet of roof, whichever is less, is being replaced,
recovered or recoated.

i. The roof shall meet the requirements of either
1 1 8 (i) 1 or 1 1 8 (i) 2; and for liquid applied roof
coatings. Section 118 (i) 3, or

ii. The building envelope, which has a roof
replacement subject to this requirement, shall
comply with Section 143 (b), where

a. the standard building has a solar reflectance
which meets the requirements of Section
143 (a) 1, and the other terms in Equation

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS

143-D correspond to the existing building at
the time of the apphcation of the permit, and

b. the proposed building has either:

( 1 ) the solar reflectance of the replacement
roof product, as certified and labeled
according to the requirements of Sec-
tion 10-113, and the roof product meets
the requirements of Section 11 8 (i) 3, or

(2) a solar reflectance of 0.10 if the product
has not been certified and labeled and/or
does not meet the requirements of Sec-
tion 118 (i) 3, and

(3) has the other improvements to the build-
ing envelope necessary to comply.

Exception to Section 149 (b) 1 B: Roof
recoverings allowed by the CBC are not
required to meet Section 149 (b) 1 B when
all of the following occur:

1 . The existing roof has a rock or gravel sur-
face; and

2. The new roof has a rock or gravel surface;
and

3. There is no removal of existing layers of
roof coverings of more than fifty percent
of the roof or more than 2,000 square feet
of roof, whichever is less; and

4. There is no recoating with a liquid
applied coating; and

5. There is no installation of a recover
board, rigid insulation or other rigid,
smooth substrate to separate and protect
the new roof recovering from the existing
roof.

C. New space-conditioning systems or components
other than new or replacement space conditioning
ducts shall meet the requirements of Section 144
applicable to the systems or components being
altered; and

Exception to Section 149 (b) 1 C: Section 144 (i)
applies only to expansions of more than 300 tons to
existing chilled water plants.

D. When new or replacement space-conditioning ducts
are installed to serve an existing building, the new
ducts shall meet the requirements of Section 124,
and if they meet the criteria of Section 144 (k) 1,2
and 3, the duct system shall be sealed and labeled as
confirmed through field verification and diagnostic
testing in accordance with procedures for duct seal-
ing of existing duct systems as specified in the Non-
residential ACM manual, to meet one of the
following requirements:

i. If the new ducts form an entirely new duct sys-
tem directly connected to the air handler, the
measured duct leakage shall be less than 6 per-
cent of fan flow; or

ii. If the new ducts are an extension of an existing
duct system, the combined new and existing
duct system shall meet one of the following
requirements:

a. The measured duct leakage shall be less than
15 percent of fan flow; or

b. The duct leakage shall be reduced by more
than 60 percent relative to the leakage prior
to the equipment having been replaced and a
visual inspection shall demonstrate that all
accessible leaks have been sealed; or

c. If it is not possible to meet the duct sealing
requirements of Subsections a or b, all
accessible leaks shall be sealed and verified
through a visual inspection by a certified
HERS rater

Exception to Section 149 (b) 1 D ii:

Existing duct systems that are extended,
which are constructed insulated or sealed
with asbestos.

E. When a space conditioning system is altered by the
installation or replacement of space conditioning
equipment (including replacement of the air handler,
outdoor condensing unit of a split system air condi-
tioner or heat pump, cooling or heating coil, or the
furnace heat exchanger), the duct system that is con-
nected to the new or replaced space conditioning
equipment, if the duct system meets the criteria of
Section 144 (k) 1,2 and 3, shall be sealed, as con-
firmed through field verification and diagnostic test-
ing in accordance with procedures for duct sealing
of existing duct systems as specified in the Nonresi-
dential ACM manual, to one of the requirements of
Section 149 (b) 1 D; and

Exception 1 to Section 149 (b) IE: Buildings
altered so that the duct system no longer meets the
criteria of Section 144 (k) 1,2 and 3.

Exception 2 to Section 149 (b) IE: Duct systems
that are documented to have been previously
sealed as confirmed through field verification and
diagnostic testing in accordance with procedures
in the Nonresidential ACM manual.

Exception 3 to Section 149 (b) 1 E: Existing duct
systems constructed, insulated or sealed with
asbestos.

F. Spaces with lighting systems installed for the first
time shall meet the requirements of Sections 119,
130, 131, 132, 143 (c), 146 and 147; and

G. New internally and externally illuminated signs
shall meet the requirements of Section 148.

H. Alterations to existing indoor lighting systems that
increase the cormected lighting load or replace more
than 50 percent of luminaires shall meet the require-
ments of Sections 119, 130, 131, 132 and 146; and

I. Alterations to existing outdoor lighting systems that
for any lighting application increase the connected

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL, HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS

lighting load or replace more than 50 percent of the
luminaires shall meet the requirements of Section
147; and

J. Alterations to existing internally and externally illu-
minated signs that increase the connected lighting
load, replace and rewire more than 50 percent of the
ballasts, or relocate the sign to a different location on
the same site or on a different site shall meet the
requirements of Section 148; and

Note: Replacement of parts of an existing sign,
including replacing lamps, the sign face or bal-
lasts, that do not require rewiring or that are done at
a time other than when the sign is relocated, is not
an alteration subject to the requirements of Section
149 (b) 1 J.

K. New service water-heating systems shall meet the
requirements of Section 145.

Performance approach.

A. The altered envelope, space conditioning, lighting
and water heating components, and any newly
installed equipment serving the alteration, shall
meet the applicable requirements of Sections 110
through 139; and

B. The energy efficiency of either the building or per-
mitted space shall be improved so that the building
or permitted space meets the energy budget in Sec-
tion 141 that would apply to the building or permit-
ted space, if the building envelope was unchanged,
except for roof alterations subject to Section 149 (b)
1 B, the roof alteration met the requirements of 149
(b) 1 ; and for any mechanical system alterations sub-
ject to Section 149(b) 1 C, D and E, the mechanical
system alterations met the requirements of Section
149 (b) 1, and for any lighting system alterations
subject to Section 149 (b) 1 F, the lighting system
alteration met the requirements of Section 149 (b) 1;
and for any service water-heating system alteration
subject to Section 149 (b) 1 K, the service
water-heating system met the requirements of Sec-
tion 149(b) 1.

Exception 1 to Section 149 (b): When heating,
cooling or service water heating for an alteration
are provided by expanding existing systems, the
existing systems and equipment need not comply
with Sections 110 through 129 and Section 144 or
145.

Exception 2 to Section 149(b): When existing
heating, cooling or service water heating systems
or components are moved within a building, the
existing systems or components need not comply
with Sections 110 through 129 and Section 144 or
145.

Exception 3 to Section 149 (b): Where an exist-
ing system with electric reheat is expanded when
adding variable air volume (VAV) boxes to serve
an alteration, total electric reheat capacity may be
expanded not to exceed 20 percent of the existing

installed electric capacity in any one permit and the
system need not comply with Section 144 (g).
Additional electric reheat capacity in excess of 20
percent may be added subject to the requirements
of Section 144(g).

Note: Relocation or moving of a relocatable public
school building is not considered an alteration for
the purposes of complying with Title 24, Part 6. If
an alteration is made to envelope, space condition-
ing, lighting or water heating components of a
relocatable public school building, the alteration is
subject to Section 149 (b). A relocatable public
school building, for which an application for
approval of original construction or for approval
of alteration to the building envelope, space condi-
tioning, lighting or water heating components of
the relocatable building is submitted after the
effective date of the 2004 California Energy^ Code,
is subject to Section 143 (a) 8.

(c) Repairs. Repairs shall not increase the preexisting
energy consumption of the repaired component, system or
equipment.

(d) Alternate method of compliance. Any addition, alter-
ation or repair may comply with the requirements of Title 24,
Part 6 by meeting the applicable requirements for the entire
building.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

78 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTER?

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— MANDATORY
FEATURES AND DEVICES

SECTION 150
MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES

Any new construction in a low-rise residential building shall
meet the requirements of this section.

(a) Ceiling insulation. The opaque portions of ceilings sep-
arating conditioned spaces from unconditioned spaces or
ambient air shall meet the requirements of either Item 1 or 2
below:

1. Ceilings shall be insulated between wood-framing
members with insulation resulting in an installed ther-
mal resistance of R-19 or greater for the insulation
alone.

Alternative to Section 150 (a) 1 : Insulation which is
not penetrated by framing members may meet an
7?-value equivalent to installing R-19 insulation
between wood-framing members and accounting for
the thermal effects of framing members.

2. The weighted average f/- factor of ceilings shall not
exceed the fZ-factor that would result from installing
R-19 insulation between wood- framing members in the
entire ceiling and accounting for the effects of framing
members.

(b) Loose-fill insulation. When loose-fill insulation is
installed, the minimum installed weight per square foot shall
conform with the insulation manufacturer's installed design
weight per square foot at the manufacturer's labeled i?- value.

(c) Wall insulation. The opaque portions of frame walls
separating conditioned spaces from unconditioned spaces or
ambient air shall meet the requirements of either Item 1 or 2
below:

1 . Wood- framed walls shall be insulated between framing
members with insulation having an installed thermal
resistance of R-13 or greater. Framed foundation walls
of heated basements or heated crawl spaces shall be
insulated above the adjacent outside ground line with
insulation having an installed thermal resistance of at
least R-13.

Alternative to Section 150 (c) 1: Insulation which is
not penetrated by framing members may meet an
7?-value equivalent to installing R-13 insulation
between wood-framing members and accounting for
the thermal effects of framing members.

2. The weighted average f/- factor of walls shall not
exceed the /7-factor that would result from installing
R-13 insulation between wood- framing members and
accounting for the effects of framing members.

(d) Raised-floor insulation. Raised floors separating condi-
tioned space from unconditioned space shall meet the require-
ments of either Item 1 or 2 below:

1 . Floors shall be insulated between wood- framing mem-
bers with insulation having an installed thermal resis-
tance of R-13 or greater.

2. The weighted average fZ-factor of floor assemblies
shall not exceed the ^-factor that would result from
installing R-13 insulation between wood- framing
members and accounting for the effects of framing
members.

Alternative to Section 150 (d) 1 and 2: Raised floor
insulation may be omitted if the foundation walls are
insulated to meet the wall insulation minimums
shown in Tables 151-Band 151-C, a vapor barrier is
placed over the entire floor of the crawl space, and
vents are fitted with automatically operated louvers
that are temperature actuated.

(e) Installation of fireplaces, decorative gas appliances
and gas logs.

1 . If a masonry or factory -built fireplace is installed, it
shall have the following:

A. Closable metal or glass doors covering the entire
opening of the firebox;

B. A combustion air intake to draw air from the outside
of the building directly into the firebox, which is at
least 6 square inches in area and is equipped with a
readily accessible, operable and tight-fitting damper
or combustion-air control device; and

Exception to Section 150 (e) 1 B: An outside
combustion-air intake is not required if the fire-
place will be installed over concrete slab flooring
and the fireplace will not be located on an exterior
wall.

C. A flue damper with a readily accessible control.

Exception to Section 150 (e) 1 C: When a gas log,
log lighter or decorative gas appliance is installed
in a fireplace, the flue damper shall be blocked
open if required by the CMC or the manufacturer's
installation instructions.

2. Continuous burning pilot lights and the use of indoor air
for cooling a firebox jacket, when that indoor air is
vented to the outside of the building, are prohibited.

(f) Air retarding wrap. If an air retarding wrap is installed
to meet the requirements of Section 151, it shall meet the
requirements specified in the Residential ACM Manual.

(g) Vapor barriers. In Climate Zones 14 and 16 shown in
Figure 101-A, a vapor barrier shall be installed on the condi-
tioned space side of all insulation in all exterior walls, unvented
attics and unvented crawl spaces to protect insulation from
condensation.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES

If a building has a control ventilation crawl space, a vapor
barrier shall be placed over the earth floor of the crawl space to
reduce moisture entry and protect insulation from condensa-
tion, as specified in the alternative to Section 150 (d).

(h) Space-conditioning equipment.

1 . Building cooling and heating loads. Building heating
and cooling loads shall be determined using a method
based on any one of the following:

A. The ASHRAE Handbook, Equipment Volume,
Applications Volume and Fundamentals Volume, or

B. The SMACNA Residential Comfort System Instal-
lation Standards Manual, or

C. The ACCA Manual J.

The cooling and heating loads are two of the criteria that
shall be used for equipment sizing and selection.

Note: Heating systems are required to have a minimum
heating capacity adequate to meet the minimum require-
ments of the CBC. The furnace output capacity and other
specifications are published in the commission's directory
of certified equipment or other directories approved by the
commission.

2. Design conditions. For the purpose of sizing the space-
conditioning (HVAC) system, the indoor design tem-
peratures shall be 70°F for heating and 75°F for cool-
ing. Outdoor design conditions shall be selected from
Joint Appendix II, which is based on data from the
ASHRAE Climatic Data for Region X. The outdoor
design temperatures for heating shall be no lower than
the Heating Winter Median of Extremes values. The
outdoor design temperatures for cooling shall be no
greater than the 1.0 percent Cooling Dry Bulb and
Mean Coincident Wet Bulb values.

(i) Setback thermostats. All heating and/or cooling sys-
tems other than wood stoves shall have an automatic thermo-
stat with a clock mechanism or other setback mechanism
approved by the executive director that shuts the system off
during periods of nonuse and that allows the building occupant
to automatically set back the thermostat set points for at least
two periods within 24 hours. Setback thermostats for heat
pumps shall meet the requirements of Section 112 (b).

Exception to Section 150 (i): Gravity gas wall heaters,
gravity floor heaters, gravity room heaters, noncentral elec-
tric heaters, room air conditioners and room air-conditioner
heat pumps need not comply with this requirement. Addi-
tionally, room air-conditioner heat pumps need not comply

with Section 112 (b). The resulting increase in energy use
due to elimination of the setback thermostat shall be fac-
tored into the compliance analysis in accordance with a
method prescribed by the executive director.

(j) Water system pipe and tank insulation and cooling
systems line insulation.

1. Storage tank insulation.

A. Storage gas water heaters with an energy factor
< 0.58 shall be externally wrapped with insulation
having an installed thermal resistance of R-12 or
greater.

B. Unfired hot water tanks, such as storage tanks and
backup storage tanks for solar water-heating sys-
tems, shall be externally wrapped with insulation
having an installed thermal resistance of R-12 or
greater or have internal insulation of at least R- 1 6
and a label on the exterior of the tank showing the
insulation i?- value.

2. Water piping and cooling system line insulation
thickness and conductivity. Piping, whether buried or
unburied, for recirculating sections of domestic hot
water systems; piping from the heating source to the
storage tank for an indirect-fired domestic water-heat-
ing system; the first 5 feet of hot and cold water pipes
from the storage tank for nonrecirculating systems; and
cooling system lines shall be thermally insulated as
specified in Subsection A or B. Piping for steam and
hydronic heating systems or hot water systems with
pressure above 15 psig shall meet the requirements in
Table 123-A.

A. For insulation with conductivity in the range shown
in Table 150-A for the applicable fluid temperature
range, the insulation shall have the applicable thick-
ness shown in Table 150-B.

B. For insulating with an alternate material with con-
ductivity outside the range shown in Table 1 50-A for
the applicable fluid temperature range, the insula-
tion shall have a minimum thickness as calculated by
Equation 150-A.

EQUATION 150-A— INSULATION THICKNESS

T=PR

i+^V'-i

TABLE 150-A-PIPE INSULATION CONDUCTIVITY RANGE

FLUID TEMPERATURE RANGE (T)

INSULATION MEAN RATING
TEMPERATURE (T)

CONDUCTIVITY RANGE (Btu-inch per
hour per square foot per "F)^

201-250

150

0.27 - 0.30

105-201

100

0.24 - 0.28

below 105

0.23 - 0.27

Insulation conductivity shall be determined in accordance with ASTM C 335 at the mean temperature listed in Table 150-A
and shall be rounded to the nearest 1/100 Btu-inch per hour per square foot per °F.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES

TABLE 150-B-PIPE INSULATION MINIMUM THICKNESS REQUIREMENTS

System

PIPE DIAMETER

Less than or equal to 2
inches

Greater than 2 inches

INSULATION THICKNESS REQUIRED (in inches)

Domestic hot water (above 105°F)

1.0

1.5

Hydronic heating supply Hnes (above 200°F to

250"F)'

1.0

2.0

Hydronic heating supply lines (105"? to 200°F)

1.0

1.5

Cooling systems refrigerant suction, chilled water
and brine lines

0.75

1.0

Steam hydronic heating systems or hot water systems with pressure above 1 5 psi shall meet the requirements of Table
123-A.

where:

Minimum insulation thickness for alternate material
with conductivity K, inches.
Pipe actual outside radius, inches.
Insulation thickness for the applicable system from
Table 150-B, inches.

Conductivity of alternate material at the mean rating
temperature indicated in Table 1 50-A for the applica-
ble fluid temperature range, in Btu-inch per hour per
square foot per °F.

The lower value of the conductivity range listed in
Table 150-A for the applicable fluid temperature
range, Btu-inch per hour per square foot per °F.

Exception 1 to Section 150 (j) 2: Factory-installed
piping within space-conditioning equipment certified
under Section 1 1 1 or 1 12.

Exception 2 to Section 150 (j) 2: Piping that serves
process loads, gas piping, cold domestic water piping,
condensate drains, roof drains, vents or waste piping.

Exception 3 to Section 150 (j) 2: Piping that pene-
trates framing members shall not be required to have
pipe insulation for the distance of the framing pene-
tration. Metal piping that penetrates metal framing
shall use grommets, plugs, wrapping or other insulat-
ing material to assure that no contact is made with the
metal framing. Insulation shall butt securely against
all framing members.

Exception 4 to Section 150 (j) 2: Piping installed in
interior or exterior walls shall not be required to have
pipe insulation if all of the requirements are met for
compliance with the Insulation Installation Quality
compliance option as specified by the Residential
ACM Manual.

Exception 5 to Section 150 (j) 2: Piping installed in
attics with a minimum of four inches of attic insula-
tion on top of the piping shall not be required to have
pipe insulation.

Note: Where the executive director approves a water
heater calculation method for a particular water heat-
ing recirculation system, piping insulation require-

ments are those specified in the approved calculation
method.

3. Insulation protection. Insulation shall be protected
from damage, including that due to sunlight, moisture,
equipment maintenance and wind, including but not
limited to, the following:

A. Insulation exposed to weather shall be suitable for
outdoor service, e.g., protected by aluminum, sheet
metal, painted canvas or plastic cover. Cellular foam
insulation shall be protected as above or painted
with a coating that is water retardant and provides
shielding from solar radiation that can cause degra-
dation of the material.

B. Insulation covering chilled water piping and refrig-
erant suction piping located outside the conditioned
space shall include a vapor retardant located outside
the insulation (unless the insulation is inherently
vapor retardant), all penetrations and joints of which
shall be sealed.

4. Solar water-heating systems and/or collectors shall
be certified by the Solar Rating and Certification
Corporation.

(k) Residential lighting.

1 . High Efficacy Luminaires. High efficacy luminaires for
residential lighting shall contain only high efficacy
lamps and shall not contain a medium screw base socket
(E24/E26). A high efficacy lamp has a lamp efficacy
that is no lower than the efficacies contained in Table
1 50-C. Ballasts for lamps rated 1 3 Watts or greater shall
be electronic and shall have an output frequency no less
than 20 kHz.

Exception to Section 150 (k) 1: High intensity dis-
charge luminaires containing hardwired electromag-
netic ballasts in medium screw base sockets shall be
considered high efficacy luminaires for the purposes
of meeting Section 150 (k) 6, provided they meet the
efficacies contained in Table 150-C.

Note: To determine the minimum lamp efficacy cate-
gory, only the watts of the lamp (not the ballast) are to
be considered.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES

TABLE 150-C
HIGH EFFICIENCY LAMP REQUIREMENTS

LAMP POWER RATING

MINIMUM LAMP EFFICACY

15 watts or less

40 lumens per watt

over 1 5 watts to 40 watts

50 lumens per watt

over 40 watts

60 lumens per watt

2. Lighting in kitchens. Permanently installed
luminaires in kitchens shall be high efficacy luminaires.

Exception to Section 150 (k) 2: Up to 50 percent of
the total rated wattage of permanently installed
luminaires in kitchens may be in luminaires that are
not high efficacy luminaires, provided that these
luminaires are controlled by switches separate from
those controlling the high efficacy luminaires. The
wattage of high efficacy luminaires shall be the total
nominal rated wattage of the installed high efficacy
lamp(s). The wattage of luminaires shall be deter-
mined as specified by Section 130(c).

3. Lighting in bathroom, garages, laundry rooms and
utihty rooms. Permanently installed luminaires in
bathrooms, garages, laundry rooms and utility rooms
shall be high efficacy luminaires.

Exception to Section 150 (k) 3: Permanently
installed luminaires that are not high efficacy shall be
allowed, provided that they are controlled by an occu-
pant sensor(s) certified to comply with Section 119
(d). Such motion sensors shall not have a control that
allows the luminaire to be turned on automatically or
that has an override allowing the luminaire to be
always on.

4. Lighting other than in kitchens, bathrooms,
garages, laundry rooms and utility rooms. Perma-
nently installed luminaires located other than in kitch-
ens, bathrooms, garages, laundry rooms and utility
rooms shall be high efficacy luminaires.

Exception 1 to Section 150 (k) 4: Permanently
installed luminaires that are not high efficacy
luminaires shall be allowed, provided they are con-
trolled by a dimmer switch.

Exception 2 to Section 150 (k) 4: Permanently

installed luminaires that are not high efficacy shall be
allowed, provided that they are controlled by an occu-
pant sensor(s) certified to comply with Section 119
(d). Such motion sensors shall not have a control that
allows the luminaire to be turned on automatically or
that has an override allowing the luminaire to be
always on.

Exception 3 to Section 150 (k) 4: Permanently
installed luminaires that are not high efficacy
luminaires shall be allowed in closets less than 70
square feet.

Note: Lighting in areas adjacent to the kitchen,
including but not limited to dining and nook areas, are

considered kitchen lighting if they are not separately
switched from kitchen lighting.

5. Recessed luminaires in insulated ceilings.

Luminaires recessed into insulated ceilings shall be
approved for zero clearance insulation cover (IC) by
Underwriters Laboratories or other testing/rating labo-
ratories recognized by the International Code Council,
and shall include a label certifying air tight (AT) or sim-
ilar designation to show air leakage less than 2.0 CFM
at 75 Pascals (or 1.57 lbs/ft^) when tested in accordance
with ASTM E 283, and shall be sealed with a gasket or
caulk between the housing and ceiling.

6. Outdoor lighting. Luminaires providing outdoor light-
ing and permanently mounted to a residential building
or to other buildings on the same lot shall be high effi-
cacy luminaires.

Exception 1 to Section 150 (k) 6: Permanently
installed outdoor luminaires that are not high efficacy
shall be allowed, provided that they are controlled by
a motion sensor(s) with integral photo control certi-
fied to comply with Section 1 1 9 (d).

Exception 2 to Section 150 (k) 6: Permanently
installed luminaires in or around swimming pools,
water features or other locations subject to Article
680 of the California Electrical Code need not be
high efficacy luminaires.

7. Parking lots and garages. Lighting for parking lots for
eight or more vehicles shall comply with the applicable
requirements in Sections 130,132 and 147. Lighting for
parking garages for eight or more vehicles shall comply
with the applicable requirements in Sections 130, 131
and 146.

8. Common areas of low-rise residential buildings. Per-
manently installed lighting in the enclosed,
nondwelling spaces of low-rise residential buildings
with four or more dwelling units shall be high efficacy
luminaires.

Exception to Section 150 (k) 8: Permanently
installed luminaires that are not high efficacy shall be
allowed, provided that they are controlled by an occu-
pant sensor(s) certified to comply with Section
119(d).

(1) Slab edge insulation. Material used for slab edge insula-
tion shall meet the following minimum specifications:

1. Water absorption rate for the insulation material alone
without facings no greater than 0.3 percent when tested

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES

in accordance with Test Method A — 24-Hour-
Immersion of ASTM C 272.

2. Water vapor permeance no greater than 2.0 perm/inch
when tested in accordance with ASTM E 96.

3. Concrete slab perimeter insulation shall be protected
from physical damage and ultraviolet light
deterioration.

(m) Air-distribution system ducts, plenums and fans.

1. CMC compliance. All air-distribution system ducts
and plenums, including but not limited to, mechanical
closets and air-handler boxes, shall be installed, sealed
and insulated to meet the requirements of the CMC Sec-
tions 601, 602, 603, 604, 605 and Standard 6-5, incor-
porated herein by reference. Portions of supply-air and
return-air ducts and plenums shall either be insulated to
a minimum installed level of R-4.2 (or any higher level
required by CMC Section 605) or be enclosed entirely
in conditioned space. Connections of metal ducts and
the inner core of flexible ducts shall be mechanically
fastened. Openings shall be sealed with mastic, tape or
other duct-closure system that meets the applicable
requirements of UL 181, ULlSlAor UL 181B or aero-
sol sealant that meets the requirements of UL 723. If
mastic or tape is used to seal openings greater than V4
inch, the combination of mastic and either mesh or tape
shall be used.

Building cavities, support platforms for air handlers
and plenums defined or constructed with materials
other than sealed sheet metal, duct board or flexible
duct shall not be used for conveying conditioned air.
Building cavities and support platforms may contain
ducts. Ducts installed in cavities and support platforms
shall not be compressed to cause reductions in the
cross-sectional area of the ducts.

Exception to Section 150 (m) 1: The requirements do not
apply to ducts and fans integral to a wood heater or fire-
place.

2. Factory-fabricated duct systems.

A. All factory-fabricated duct systems shall comply
with UL 181 for ducts and closure systems, includ-
ing collars, connections and splices.

B. All pressure-sensitive tapes, heat-activated tapes
and mastics used in the manufacture of rigid fiber-
glass ducts shall comply with UL 181.

C. All pressure- sensitive tapes and mastics used with
flexible ducts shall comply with UL 181 or UL
181B.

D. Joints and seams of duct systems and their compo-
nents shall not be sealed with cloth-back rubber
adhesive duct tapes unless such tape is used in com-
bination with mastic and drawbands.

3. Field-fabricated duct systems.

A. Factory-made rigid fiberglass and flexible ducts for
fleld-fabricated duct systems shall comply with UL
181. All pressure-sensitive tapes, mastics, aerosol
sealants or other closure systems used for installing

field- fabricated duct systems shall meet the applica-
ble requirements of UL 1 8 1 , UL 1 8 1 A or UL 1 8 1 B .

B. Mastic sealants and mesh.

i. Sealants shall comply with UL 1 8 1 , UL 1 8 1 A or
UL 18IB, and be nontoxic and water resistant.

ii. Sealants for interior applications shall be tested
in accordance with ASTM C 731 and D 2202
incorporated herein by reference.

iii. Sealants for exterior applications shall be tested
in accordance with ASTM C 731, C 732 and
D 2202, incorporated herein by reference.

iv. Sealants and meshes shall be rated for exterior

use.

C. Pressure-sensitive tape. Pressure-sensitive tapes
shall comply with UL 181, UL 181Aor UL 181B.

D. Joints and seams of duct systems and their compo-
nents shall not be sealed with cloth-back rubber
adhesive duct tapes unless such tape is used in com-
bination with mastic and drawbands.

E. Drawbands used with flexible duct.

i. Drawbands shall be either stainless-steel
worm-drive hose clamps or UV-resistant nylon
duct ties.

ii. Drawbands shall have a minimum tensile
strength rating of 150 pounds.

iii. Drawbands shall be tightened as recommended
by the manufacturer with an adjustable
tensioning tool.

F. Aerosol-sealant closures.

i. Aerosol sealants shall meet the requirements of
UL 723, and be applied according to manufac-
turer specifications.

ii. Tapes or mastics used in combination with aero-
sol sealing shall meet the requirements of this
section.

4. All duct insulation product i?-values shall be based on
insulation only (excluding air films, vapor barriers or
other duct components) and tested C-values at 75°F
mean temperature at the installed thickness, in accor-
dance with ASTM C 5 1 8 or ASTM C 1 77, incorporated
herein by reference, and certified pursuant to Section
118.

5. The installed thickness of duct insulation used to deter-
mine its 7?-value shall be determined as follows:

A. For duct board, duct liner and factory-made rigid
ducts not normally subjected to compression, the
nominal insulation thickness shall be used.

B. For duct wrap, installed thickness shall be assumed
to be 75 percent (25 percent compression) of nomi-
nal thickness.

C. For factory-made flexible air ducts, the installed
thickness shall be determined by dividing the differ-
ence between the actual outside diameter and nomi-
nal inside diameter by two.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES

6. Insulated flexible duct products installed to meet this
requirement shall include labels, in maximum intervals
of 3 feet, showing the thermal performance R-ya\uQ for
the duct insulation itself (excluding air fdms, vapor bar-
riers or other duct components), based on the tests in
Section 150 (m) 4 and the installed thickness deter-
mined by Section 150 (m) 5 C.

7. All fan systems, regardless of volumetric capacity, that
exhaust air from the building to the outside shall be pro-
vided with backdraft or automatic dampers to prevent
air leakage.

8. All gravity ventilating systems that serve conditioned
space shall be provided with either automatic or readily
accessible, manually operated dampers in all openings
to the outside except combustion inlet and outlet air
openings and elevator shaft vents.

9. Protection of insulation. Insulation shall be protected
from damage, including that due to sunlight, moisture,
equipment maintenance and wind, but not limited to the
following: Insulation exposed to weather shall be suit-
able for outdoor service, e.g., protected by aluminum,
sheet metal, painted canvas or plastic cover. Cellular
foam insulation shall be protected as above or painted
with a coating that is water retardant and provides
shielding from solar radiation that can cause degrada-
tion of the material.

10. Porous inner core flex duct. Flexible ducts having
porous inner cores shall not be used.

84 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTERS

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND
PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

SECTION 151

PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE

COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

(a) Basic requirements. New low-rise residential buildings
shall meet all of the following:

1 . The requirements of Sections 1 1 1 through 1 19(d) appli-
cable to new residential buildings.

2. The requirements of Section 150 (mandatory features).

3. Either the performance standards (energy budgets) or
the prescriptive standards (alternative component
packages) set forth in this section for the climate zone in
which the building will be located. Climate zones are
shown in Figure 101-A.

Alternative to Section 151 (a) 3: If a single contigu-
ous subdivision or tract falls in more than one climate
zone, all buildings in the subdivision or tract may be
designed to meet the performance or prescriptive
standards for the climate zone that contains 50 percent
or more of the dwelling units.

Note: The California Energy Commission periodi-
cally updates, publishes and makes available to inter-
ested persons and local building departments precise
descriptions of the metes and bounds for climate zone
boundaries depicted in Figure 101-A and a list of the
communities in each zone.

4. For other provisions applicable to new low-rise resi-
dential buildings, refer to Section 100 (c).

(b) Performance standards. A building complies with the
performance standard if the combined depletable TDV energy
use for water heating [Section 151 (b) 1] and space condition-
ing [Section 151 (b) 2] is less than or equal to the combined
maximum allowable TDV energy use for both water heating
and space conditioning, even if the building fails to meet either
the water heating or space conditioning budget alone.

1 . Water-heating budgets. The water heating budgets for
each climate zone shall be the calculated consumption
of energy from depletable sources required for water
heating in buildings in which the requirements of Sec-
tion 151 (a) and of Section 151 (f) 8 A for systems serv-
ing individual dwelling units or of 151 (f) 8 C for
systems serving multiple dwelling units are met. To
determine the water heating budget, use an approved
calculation method.

2. Space-conditioning budgets. The space-conditioning
budgets for each climate zone shall be the calculated
consumption of energy from depletable sources
required for space conditioning in buildings in which
the basic requirements of Section 151 (a) and the mea-
sures in Section 15 1 (f) applicable to Alternative Com-
ponent Package D are installed. To determine the

space-conditioning budget, use an approved calcula-
tion method.

(c) Compliance demonstration requirements for perfor-
mance standards. The application for a building permit shall
include documentation which demonstrates, using an
approved calculation method, that the newly constructed build-
ing has been designed so that its TDV energy use from
depletable energy sources does not exceed the combined
water-heating and space-conditioning energy budgets for the
appropriate climate zone.

1. To demonstrate compliance, the applicant's documen-
tation shall:

A. Determine the combined energy budget for the pro-
posed building by adding the following:

i. The annual water-heating budget (TDV
kBtu/yr-ft^) as determined pursuant to Section
151 (b) 1 and

The annual space-conditioning budget (TDV
kBtu/ yr-ft^) as determined pursuant to Section
151(b) 2.

B. Calculate the TDV energy consumption total of the
proposed building, using the proposed building's
actual glazing area, orientation and distribution, and
its actual energy conservation and other features,
including the actual water-heating, space-condition-
ing equipment and duct conditions and locations.

Include in the calculation the energy required for
building cooling even if the building plans do not
indicate that air conditioning will be installed.

2. The proposed building design complies if the energy
consumption calculated pursuant to Section 151 (c) 1 B
is equal to or less than the combined energy budget
established in Section 151 (c) 1 A.

Multiple orientation alternative to Section 151 (c):

A permit applicant may demonstrate compliance with
the energy budget requirements of Section 15 1 (a) and
(b) for any orientation of the same building model if
the documentation demonstrates that the building
model with its proposed designs and features would
comply in each of the four cardinal orientations.

(d) Compliance methods for performance standards.

Compliance with the energy budget requirements of Section
1 5 1 (b) must be demonstrated by using the compliance version
of the commission's Public Domain Computer Program or any
alternative calculation method approved by the commission for
use in complying with Section 151 (a), (b), (c) and (e).

(e) Required calculation assumptions. The commission
shall publish the assumptions and calculation methods it used
to develop the standards for low-rise residential buildings,

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

including those specified in Section 151. In determining the
water-heating and space-conditioning budgets and calculating
the energy use of the proposed building design, the applicant
shall use only these assumptions and calculation methods (or
alternative assumptions and methods approved by the commis-
sion or its executive director).

1. Such assumptions shall include, but not be limited to,
the following:

A. The operating conditions regarding indoor tempera-
ture; occupancy loads and schedules; equipment
loads and operation schedules, including lighting,
HVAC and miscellaneous electrical; and outdoor
weather conditions;

B. The physical characteristics of building pressuriza-
tion, interior heat transfer, film coefficients, solar
heat gain coefficient and operation of installed shad-
ing devices, ground temperatures and the method of
determining slab heat loss;

C. The applicable modeling procedures for the assump-
tions, design conditions and physical characteristics
described in Section 151 (e) 1.

D. Water heating use schedules, cold water inlet tem-
peratures and average outdoor temperatures for cal-
culating water heating loads and losses.

Exception to Section 151 (e) 1: The commission
may approve alternative schedules, assumptions
and performance modeling procedures that may be
used in lieu of those described in Section 1 5 1 (e) 1 ,
provided such alternatives do not alter the effi-
ciency level required by these standards.

2. The total calculated annual energy consumption shall
include all energy used for comfort heating, comfort
cooling, ventilation for the health and comfort of occu-
pants, and service water heating.

3. Heat tranfers within the same building to adjacent
spaces that are not covered by the permit and that are
independently provided with space conditioning may
be considered to be zero. Heat transfers to spaces
not yet provided with space conditioning may be mod-
eled as separate unconditioned zones, or as outdoor
conditions.

4. The total calculated annual energy consumption need
not include energy from any nondepletable sources,
regardless of the purpose of the energy consumed.

5. Solar heat gain coefficients for interior shading devices
used with fenestration products shall be 0.68 for verti-
cal fenestration products and 1.0 for nonvertical fenes-
tration products. No other solar heat gain coefficients
shall be used for interior shading. The calculations for
vertical fenestration products include the effects of
draperies and insect screens without installation being
verified at the time of final inspection.

(f) Prescriptive standards/alternative component pack-
ages. Buildings that comply with the prescriptive standards
shall be designed, constructed and equipped to meet all of the
requirements of one of the alternative packages of components
shown in Table 151-B or 151-C for the appropriate climate

zone shown in Figure 101-A. Installed components shall meet
the following requirements:

1. Insulation.

A. Ceiling, wall, slab floor perimeter and raised-floor
insulation which have an R-\alne equal to or higher
than that shown in Table 151-B or 151-C shall be
installed. The minimum opaque ceiling, wall
(including heated basements and crawl spaces) and
raised-floor _/?-values shown are for insulation
installed between wood-framing members.

Alternative to Section 151 (f) 1 A: The insulation
requirements of Table 151-B or 151-C may also be
met by ceiling, wall or floor assemblies that meet
equivalent minimum i?-values that consider the
effects of all elements of the assembly, using a cal-
culation method approved by the executive direc-
tor.

Exception to Section 151 (f) 1 A: Raised-floor
insulation may be omitted if the foundation walls
are insulated to meet the wall insulation minimums
shown in Table 1 5 1 -B or 1 5 1 -C, a vapor barrier is
placed over the entire floor of the crawl space and
the vents are fitted with automatically operated
louvers.

B. The minimum depth ofconcrete-slab floor perimeter
insulation shall be 1 6 inches or the depth of the foot-
ing of the building, whichever is less.

Exception to Section 151 (f) 1 B: Perimeter insu-
lation is not required along the slab edge between
conditioned space and the concrete slab of an
attached unconditioned enclosed space, covered
porches or covered patios.

2. Radiant barrier. A radiant barrier required in Table
151-B or 151-C shall have an emittance of 0.05 or less,
tested in accordance with ASTM C 1371 or ASTM
E 408 shall be certified to the Department of Consumer
Affairs as required by Title 24, Part 12, Chapter 12-13,
Standards for Insulating Material, and shall meet the
installation criteria specified in the Residential ACM
Manual.

3. Fenestration.

A. Installed fenestration products shall have an area
weighted average ^-factor equal to or lower than
those shown in Table 151-B or 151-C. The f/- factor
of installed fenestration products shall be deter-
mined in accordance with Section 116.

B. Total fenestration area shall not exceed the percent-
age of conditioned floor area specified in Table
151-B or 151-C.

C. For Package D, the west-facing fenestration area
shall not exceed the percentage of conditioned floor
area specified in Table 151-B or 151-C. West-facing
fenestration area includes skylights tilted to the west
or tilted in any direction when the pitch is less than
1:12.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

4. Shading. Where Table 1 5 1 -B or 1 5 1 -C requires a solar
heat gain coefficient (SHGC), the requirements shall be
met by either:

A. Installing fenestration products, except for sky-
lights, that have an area weighted average SHGC
equal to or lower than those shown in Table 1 5 1 -B or
151-C. Skylights shall have an SHGC equal to or
lower than those shown in Table 151-B or 151-C.
The solar heat gain coefficient of installed fenestra-
tion products shall be determined in accordance with
Section 116; or

B. An exterior operable louver or other exterior shad-
ing device that meets the required solar heat gain
coefficient; or

C. Acombination of exterior shading device and fenes-
tration product to achieve the same performance as
achieved in Item A.

D. For south-facing glazing by optimal overhangs
installed so that the south-facing glazing is fully
shaded at solar noon on August 2 1 and substantially
exposed to direct sunlight at solar noon on Decem-
ber 21.

Except where the CBC requires emergency
egress, exterior shading devices must be perma-
nently attached to the outside of the structure with
fasteners that require additional tools to remove (as
opposed to clips, hooks, latches, snaps or ties).

5. Thermal mass. Thermal mass required for Package C
in Table 151-B shall meet or exceed the minimum inte-
rior mass capacity specified in Table 151-A.

The mass requirements in Table 151-A may be met
by calculating the combined interior mass capacity of
the mass materials using Equation 151-A.

EQUATION 151-A— CALCULATION OF
INTERIOR MASS CAPACITY

IMC = [{A,xUIMC,) + (A^xUIMC2)+...
+ {A,^xUIMCJ]

where:

A,j = area of mass material, n.

UIMCn = unit interior mass capacity of mass material, n.

Note: The commission's Residential Manual lists the unit
interior mass capacity (UIMC) of various mass materials.

6. Heating system type. Heating system types shall be
installed as required in Table 151-B or 151-C. A
gas-heating system is a natural or liquefied petroleum
gas-heating system.

7. Space heating and space cooling. When refrigerant
charge measurement or thermostatic expansion valves
are shown as required by Table 1 5 1 -B or 1 5 1 -C, ducted
split system central air conditioners and ducted split
system heat pumps shall either have refrigerant charge

measurement confirmed through field verification and
diagnostic testing in accordance with procedures set
forth in the ACM Manual or shall be equipped with a
thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) with an access
door or removable panel to verify installation of the
TXV. All TXVs shall be confirmed through field verifi-
cation as specified in the ACM Manual. All space-heat-
ing and space-cooling systems must comply with
minimum Appliance Efficiency Regulations as speci-
fied in Sections 1 1 through 112.'

8. Water-heating systems. Water heating systems shall
meet the requirements of either A, B, or C and D.^

A. For systems serving individual dwelling units, a sin-
gle gas or propane storage type water heater that has
a tank capacity of 50 gallons or less and no
recirculation pumps, that is certified as meeting the
Appliance Efficiency Regulations, and that meets
the tank insulation requirements of Section 150 (j)
and the requirements of Sections 111 and 113 shall
be installed.

B. For systems serving individual dwelling units, a sin-
gle gas (or propane) instantaneous water heater that
meets the efficiency requirements of Sections 111
and 113 and that has no circulation pumps shall be
installed.

C. For systems serving multiple dwelling units, a cen-
tral recirculating water heating system that has gas
(or propane) water heaters that meet the minimum
efficiency requirements of Sections 111 and 113 and
distribution system controls capable of automati-
cally turning off the circulating pump during times
when hot water is not required shall be installed.

D. All hot water pipes from the heating source to the
kitchen fixtures that are ^U inch or greater in diame-
ter shall be thermally insulated as specified by Sec-
tion 150 Q) 2 A or 150 (j) 2 B.

9. Setback thermostats. All heating systems shall have
an automatic thermostat with a clock mechanism or
other setback mechanism approved by the executive
director, which the building occupant can manually
program to automatically set back the thermostat set
points for at least two periods within 24 hours. The
exception to Section 1 50 (i) shall not apply to any heat-
ing system installed in conjunction with Tables 151-B
or 151-C.

10. Space-conditioning ducts. All ducts shall either be in
conditioned space or be insulated to a minimum
installed level as specified by Table 1 5 1 -B or 1 5 1 -C and
meet the minimum mandatory requirements of Section
150 (m).

When duct sealing is shown as required by Table 151-B or
151-C duct systems shall be sealed, as confirmed through field

New appliance standards pursuant to Section 111 for single phase air-cooled air conditioners and single phase air-source heat pumps with coolinj

capacity less than 65,000 Btu per hour become effective January 23, 2006.

New appliance standards pursuant to Section 111 for small federally-regulated water heaters become effective January 20, 2004.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

verification and diagnostic testing, in accordance with proce-
dures specified in the Residential ACM Manual.

Note: Requirements for duct sealing and duct insulation in
Tables 151-B and 151-C and the footnote alternative
requirements to those tables do not apply to buildings with
space conditioning systems that have no ducts.

TABLE 151 -A
A-INTERIOR MASS CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS FOR PACKAGE C

FLOOR TYPE

MINIMUM INTERIOR MASS CAPACITY

slab floor
raised floor

2.36 X ground floor area (ft")
0. 1 8 X ground floor area (ft^)

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

TABLE 1 51 -B
ALTERNATIVE COMPONENT PACKAGE C

CLIMATE ZONE

1, 16

8,9

2, 11-13

BUILDING ENVELOPE

Insulation minimums'

Ceiling

R49

R38

R49

Wood-frame walls

R29

R25

R21

R25

R29

"Heavy mass" walls

"Light mass" walls

Below-grade walls

Slab floor perimeter

Raised floors

R30

R21

R30

R21

Concrete raised floors

Radiant Bamer

REQ

FENESTRATION

Maximum f/-factor'

0.42

0.38

0.42

0.38

Maximum Solar Heat

0.40

Gain Coefficient (SHGC)^

Maximum total area

14%

16%

14%

16%

14%

16%

Maximum west facing area

THERMAL MASS^

REQ

SPACE-HEATING'

Electric-resistant allowed

Yes

Ifgas,AFUE =

MIN

Ifheatpump, HSPF^ =

MIN

SPACE-COOLING

SEER =

MIN

If split system

REQ

Refrigerant charge

measurement or

thennostatic expansion

valve

DUCTS

Duct sealing

REQ

Duct insulation

R-8

WATER-HEATING

System

shall meet

Section

151(f) 8 c

)r Section

151 (f)b

FOOTNOTES TO TABLES 151-B AND 151-C APPEAR ON NEXT PAGE.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES

TABLE 1 51 -C
ALTERNATIVE COMPONENT PACKAGE D

CLIMATE ZONE

BUILDING ENVELOPE

Insulation minimums'

Ceiling

R38

R30

R38

Wood-frame walls

R2I

RI3

R13

RI3

R13

RI3

R13

RI3

R13

RI9

R19

RI9

R2I

R21

R2I

"Heavy mass" walls

(R4.76)

(R2.44)

{R2.44)

(R2.44)

{R4.76)

(R4.76)

"Light mass" walls

Below-grade walls

RI3

Slab floor perimeter

Raised floors

R19

RI9

R19

RI9

R19

RI9

R19

RI9

R19

RI9

R19

RI9

R19

RI9

Concrete raised floors

Radiant Bamer

REQ

FENESTRATION

Maximum f/-factor"

0.57

0.67

0.57

0.55

Maximum Solar Heat

Gain Coefficient

(SHGC)^

0.40

Maximum total area

20%

Maximum west facing area

THERMAL MASS^

SPACE-HEATING^

Electric-resistant allowed

Ifgas,AFUE-

MIN

Ifheatpump, HSPF^-

MIN

SPACE-COOLING

SEER-

MIN

If split system, refrigerant

charge measurement

or thermostatic

expansion valve

REQ'

REQ"

REQ'^

REQ

DUCTS

Duct sealing

REQ^

REQ"

REQ'^

REQ"

REQ'"

REQ'*"

REQ'"

REQ'

REQ"

REQ'"

REQ'-

REQ"

REQ'"

REQ

REQ'

Duct insulation

R-6

R-4.2

R-6

R-8

WATER-HEATING

System

shall m(

;et Secti

on 151 (

f) 8orS

ection 1

51 (f)bl

FOOTNOTE REQUIREMENTS TO TABLES 151-B AND 151-C

The i?-values shown for ceiling, wood frame wall and raised floor are for wood-frame construction with insulation installed between the framing members. For

alternative construction assemblies, see Section 151 (f) I A.
The heavy mass wall i?-value in parentheses is the minimum i?-value for the entire wall assembly if the wall weight exceeds 40 pounds per square foot. The light mass
wall 7? -value in brackets is the minimum i?-value for the entire assembly if the heatcapacity of the wall meets or exceeds the result of multiplying the bracketed
minimumi?-value by 0.65 . Any insulation installed on heavy or light-mass walls must be integral with, or installed on the outside of, the exterior mass. The inside
surface of the thermal mass, including plaster or gypsum board in direct contact with the masoniy wall, shall be exposed to the room air. The exterior wall used to
meet the i?-value in parentheses cannot also be used to meet the thermal mass requirement.

The installed fenestration products shall meet the requirements of Section 151 (f) 3.

The installed fenestration products shall meet the requirements of Section 151 (f) 4.

If the package requires thermal mass, the thennal mass shall meet the requirements of Section 151 (f) 5 .

Automatic setback thermostats shall be installed in conjunction with all space-heating systems in accordance with Section 151 (f) 9.

HSPF means "heating seasonal performance factor."

Electric-resistance water heating may be installed as the main water heating source in Package C only if the water heater is located within the building envelope and
a minimum of 25 percent of the energy for water heating is provided by a passive or active solar system or a wood stove boiler. A wood stove boiler credit shall not
be used in Climate Zones 8, 10 and 15, nor in localities that do not allow wood stoves.

As an alternative under Package D in climate zones 1 and 16, glazing with a maximum 0.42 t7- factor and a 90 percent AFUE furnace or a 7.6 HSPF heat pump may
be substituted for duct sealing. All other requirements of Package D must be met.

As an alternative under Package D in climate zones 2, 8 and 9, glazing with a maximum 0.38 f/- factor and maximum 0.31 SHGC may be substituted for duct sealing
and either refrigerant charge measurement or a thermostatic expansion valve. All other requirements of Package D must be met.

As an alternative under Package D in climate zones 3,5,6 and 7, glazing with a maximum 0.42 f/- factor may be substituted for duct sealing. All other requirements
of Package D must be met.

As an alternative under Package D in climate zone 4, glazing with a maximum 0.38 fZ-factor and maximum 0.36 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient may be substituted for

duct sealing. All other requirements of Package D must be met.
As an alternative under Package D in climate zones 10, 11 and 12, glazing with a maximum 0.3 8 f/-factor and maximum 0.31 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and a
minimum 13.0 SEER space cooling system may be substituted for duct sealing and either refrigerant charge measurement or a thermostatic expansion valve. All
other requirements of Package D must be met.
As an alternative under Package D in climate zone 13, glazing with a maximum 0.3 8 f/-factor and maximum 0.31 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and a minimum 1 5 .0
SEER space cooling system may be substituted for duct sealing and either refrigerant charge measurement or a thennostatic expansion valve. All other require-
ments of Package D must be met.
As an alternative under Package D in climate zone 14, glazing with a maximum 0.3 8 f/-factor and maximum 0.3 1 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, and a minimum 1 6.0
SEER space cooling system may be substituted for duct sealing and either refrigerant charge measurement or a thennostatic expansion valve. All other require-
ments of Package D must be met.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

SUBCHAPTERS

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— ADDITIONS AND
ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

SECTION 152

ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS FOR

ADDITIONS AND ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING

BUILDINGS THAT WILL BE LOW-RISE

RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES

(a) Additions. Additions to existing residential buildings
shall meet the requirements of Sections 1 1 1 through 118, Sec-
tion 119(d), and Section 150, and either Section 152 (a) 1 or 2.

1. Prescriptive approach. Additions to existing build-
ings shall meet the following additional requirements:

A. Fenestration in additions up to 100 square feet shall
not have more than 50 square feet of fenestration
area, and shall meet the ^/-factor and Solar Heat
Gain Coefficient requirements of Package D [Sec-
tions 151 (f)3 A, 151 (f) 4 and Table 15 1-C]; or

B. Additions up to 1,000 square feet shall meet all the
requirements of Package D [Section 151 (f) and
Table 151 -C] , except that the addition's total glazing
area limit is the maximum allowed in Package D
plus the glazing area that was removed by the addi-
tion, and the wall insulation value need not exceed
R-13.

C. Additions of more than 1,000 square feet shall meet
all the requirements of Package D [Section 151 (f)
and Table 15 1-C].

2. Performance approach. Performance calculations
shall meet the requirements of Section 151 (a) through
(e), pursuant to either Item A or B, below.

A. The addition complies if the addition alone meets
the combined water-heating and space-conditioning
energy budgets.

B. The addition complies if the energy efficiency of the
existing building is improved such that the TDV
energy consumption of the improved existing build-
ing and the addition is equal to or less than that of the
unimproved existing building plus an addition that
complies with the applicable energy budget. When
an improvement is proposed to the existing building
to comply with this subsection, the improvement
shall meet the requirements of Section 152 (b) 2 for
that component.

Exception 1 to Section 152 (a): Existing struc-
tures with R-1 1 framed walls showing compliance
with Section 152 (a) 2 (Performance Approach)
are exempt from Section 150 (c).

Exception 2 to Section 152 (a): Any dual-glazed
greenhouse window and dual-glazed skylight
installed in an addition complies with the f/- factor
requirements in Section 151 (f) 3 A.

Exception 3 to Section 152 (a): If the addition
will increase the total number of water heaters in
the building, one of the following types of water
heaters may be installed to comply with Section
152 (a) 1 or Section 152 (a) 2 A:

1. A gas storage nonrecirculating water-heating
system that does not exceed 50 gallons capac-
ity; or

2. If no natural gas is connected to the building, an
electric storage water heater that does not
exceed 50 gallons capacity, has an energy factor
not less than 0.90; or

3 . A water-heater system determined by the exec-
utive director to use no more energy than the
one specified in Item 1. above; or if no natural
gas is connected to the building, a water-heat-
ing system determined by the executive direc-
tor to use no more energy than the one specified
in Item 2. above.

For prescriptive compliance with Section
152 (a) 1, the water-heating systems require-
ment in Section 151 (f) 8 shall not apply. For
performance compliance for the addition alone,
only the space-conditioning budgets of Section
151 (b) 2 shall be used; the water-heating bud-
gets of Section 151 (b) 1 shall not apply.

The performance approach for the existing
building and the addition in Section 152 (a) 2 B
may be used to show compliance, regardless of
the type of water heater installed.

Exception 4 to Section 152 (a): When heating
and/or cooling will be extended to an addition
from the existing system(s), the existing heating
and cooling equipment need not comply with Title
24, Part 6. The heating system capacity must be
adequate to meet the minimum requirements of
CBC Section 310.11.

Exception 5 to Section 152 (a): When ducts will
be extended from an existing duct system to serve
the addition, the ducts shall meet the requirements
of Section 152(b) ID.

(b) Alterations. Alterations to existing residential buildings
or alterations in conjunction with a change in building occu-
pancy to a low-rise residential occupancy shall meet either
Item 1 or 2 below.

1. Prescriptive approach. The altered component and
any newly installed equipment serving the alteration
shall meet the applicable requirements of Sections 110
through 118, Section 119 (d) and Section 150; and

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— ADDITIONS AND ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

A. Alterations that add fenestration area shall meet the
[/-factor requirements of Package D [Section 151
(f) 3 A and Table 151-C], the total fenestration area
requirements of Package D [Section 151 (f) 3 B and
Table 151-C], and the Solar Heat Gain coefficient
requirements of Package D [Section 151 (f) 4 and
Table 151-C].

Exception to Section 152(b) 1 A.: Alterations that
add fenestration area of up to 50 square feet shall
not be required to meet the total fenestration area
requirements of Section 151 (f) 3 B.

B. Replacement fenestration, where all the glazing in
an existing fenestration opening is replaced with a
new manufactured fenestration product, shall not
exceed the f/- factor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
requirements of Package D [Sections 1 5 1 (f) 3 A and
151(f) 4 and Table 151-C].

Note: Glass replaced in an existing sash and
frame, or replacement of a single sash in a
multisash fenestration product is considered a
repair.

C. New space-conditioning systems or components
other than new or replacement space conditioning
ducts shall:

i. Meet the requirements of Sections 150 (h), (i)
and (j) 2, Section 151 (f) 7 and 9; and

ii. Be limited to natural gas, liquefied petroleum
gas or the existing fuel type unless it can be dem-
onstrated that the TDV energy use of the new
system is more efficient than the existing
system.

D. When more than 40 feet of new or replacement
space-conditioning ducts are installed in uncondi-
tioned space, the new ducts shall meet the require-
ments of Section 150 (m) and the duct insulation
requirements of Package D, Section 151 (f) 10, and
ifin climate zones 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16,
and the duct system shall be sealed as confinned
through field verification and diagnostic testing in
accordance with procedures for duct sealing of
existing duct systems as specified in the Residential
ACM manual, to meet one of the following
requirements:

i. If the new ducts form an entirely new duct sys-
tem directly connected to the air handler, the
measured duct leakage shall be less than 6 per-
cent of fan flow; or

ii. If the new ducts are an extension of an existing
duct system, the combined new and existing
duct system shall meet one of the following
requirements:

a. The measured duct leakage shall be less than
15 percent of fan flow; or

b. The measured duct leakage to outside shall
be less than 10 percent of fan flow; or

c. The duct leakage shall be reduced by more
than 60 percent relative to the leakage prior
to the installation of the new ducts, and a
visual inspection including a smoke test
shall demonstrate that all accessible leaks
have been sealed; or

d. If it is not possible to meet the duct sealing
requirements of Subsection a, b or c, all
accessible leaks shall be sealed and verified
through a visual inspection and a smoke test
by a certified HERS rater.

Exception to Section 152 (b) 1 D ii: Exist-
ing duct systems that are extended, which
are constructed, insulated or sealed with
asbestos.

E. In climate zones 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16,
when a space-conditioning system is altered by the
installation or replacement of space-conditioning
equipment (including replacement of the air han-
dler, outdoor condensing unit of a split system air
conditioner or heat pump, cooling or heating coil, or
the furnace heat exchanger), the duct system that is
connected to the new or replacement space-condi-
tioning equipment shall be sealed, as confirmed
through field verification and diagnostic testing in
accordance with procedures for duct sealing of
existing duct systems as specified in the Residential
ACM manual, to one of the following requirements:

i. The measured duct leakage shall be less than 1 5
percent of fan flow; or

ii. The measured duct leakage to outside shall be
less than 10 percent of fan flow; or

iii. The measured duct leakage shall be reduced by
more than 60 percent relative to the measured
leakage prior to the installation or replacement
of the space conditioning equipment and a
visual inspection including a smoke test shall
demonstrate that all accessible leaks have been
sealed; or

iv. If it is not possible to meet the duct requirements
of i, ii or iii, all accessible leaks shall be sealed
and verified through a visual inspection and a
smoke test by a certified HERS rater.

Exception 1 to Section 152 (b) IE: Duct sys-
tems that are documented to have been previ-
ously sealed as confirmed through field
verification and diagnostic testing in accor-
dance with procedures in the Residential ACM
manual.

Exception 2 to Section 152 (b) IE: Duct sys-
tems with less than 40 linear feet in uncondi-
tioned spaces.

Exception 3 to Section 152 (b) IE: Existing

duct systems constructed, insulated or sealed
with asbestos.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS— ADDITIONS AND ALTERATIONS IN EXISTING LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

F. New service water-heating systems or components
shall:

i. Meet the requirements of Section 150; and

ii. Be limited to natural gas, liquefied petroleum
gas or the existing fuel type unless it can be dem-
onstrated that the TDV energy use of the new
system is more efficient than the existing
system.

2. Performance approach.

A. The altered components shall meet the applicable
requirements of Sections 110 through 118, Section
119(d) and Section 150; and

B. The energy efficiency of the existing building shall
be improved so that the building meets the energy
budget in Section 151 that would apply if the exist-
ing building was unchanged except those altered
components that do not meet the requirements of
Section 152 (b) 1 (including improvements pro-
posed to comply with this section) are assumed to be
upgraded to comply with Section 1 52 (b) 1 as speci-
fied in the Residential ACM Manual.

Exception 1 to Section 152 (b): The Exception to
Section 150 (k) 2 applies only for alterations to
kitchen lighting where all permanently installed
kitchen luminaires are replaced.

Exception 2 to Section 152 (b) lA: Any

dual-glazed greenhouse window and dual-glazed
skylight installed as part of an alteration complies
with the t/- factor requirements in Section 151 (f) 3
A.

(c) Any addition or alteration may comply with the require-
ments of Title 24, Part 6 by meeting the requirements for the
entire building.

2001 CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE
PART 4, TITLE 24, CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS

CHAPTER 6
DUCT SYSTEMS

TABLE P4-A
ADOPTION TABLE

CODE SECTION

CEC

Entire 2001 CMC as noted in this table'

601

602

604

605

Standard 6-5

'Adopted by reference for occupancies A, B, E, F, H, M, Rand S; see Section 118(d), 124 and i50(m).

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 93

94 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

APPENDIX 1 -A

STANDARDS AND DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN THE ENERGY

EFFICIENCY REGULATIONS

ARI 310/380-93

ARI 320-98
ARI 325-98

AIR-CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION
INSTITUTE

ARI 210/240-2003 Unitary Air Conditioning and Air-Source
Heat Pump Equipment (2003)

Packaged Terminal Air-Conditioners and
Heat Pumps (1993)

Water-Source Heat Pumps

Ground Water-Source Heat Pumps
(1998)

ARI 340/360-2000 Commercial and Industrial Unitary
Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump
Equipment (2000)

Commercial and Industrial Unitary
Air-Conditioning Condensing Units
(2002)

Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled

Refrigerant Condensers (2000)

Standard for Water-Chilling Packages
Using the Vapor Compression Cycle
(1998)

Absorption Water Chilling and Water
Heating Packages (2000)

Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration

Institute

4301 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 425

Arlington, Virginia 22203

(703) 524-8800

AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS OF AMERICA

Manual J — Residential Load Calculation, Eighth Edition
(2003)

Available from: Air Conditioning Contractors of America,
Inc.

2800 Shirlington Road, Suite 300
Arlington, VA 22206
www.acca.org
(703) 575-4477

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE

ANSI Z2 1.1 0.3-2001

Gas Water Heaters, Volume 1 , Storage
Water Heaters with Input Ratings above
75,000 Btu/h (2001)

ARI 365-2002

ARI 460-2000

ARI 550/590-98

ARI 560-2000

Available from:

ANSIZ21.40.4-1996

Performance Testing and Rating of
Gas-Fired, Air-Conditioning and Heat
Pump Appliances (1996)

ANSI Z21.47-2001 Gas-Fired Central Furnaces (2001)

ANSI Z83. 8-2002 Gas Unit Heaters and Gas-Fired Duct
Furnaces (2002)

Available from: American National Standards Institute
25 West 43rd Street, 4th floor
New York, NY 10036
(212)642-4900

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING,
REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING
ENGINEERS (NATIONAL PUBLICATIONS)

ASHRAE 55-1992 Thermal Environment Conditions for
Human Occupancy (1992)

ASHRAE Handbooks

Applications Volume, Heating, Ventilating and
Air-Conditioning Applications (2003)

Equipment Volume, Heating, Ventilating and

Air-Conditioning Systems and Equipment (2000)

Fundamentals Volume, Fundamentals (2001)

Available from: American Society of Heating,

Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning

Engineers

1791 Tullie Circle N.E.

Atlanta, Georgia 30329

(404) 636-8400 or (800) 527-4723

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING,
REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING
ENGINEERS (REGIONAL PUBLICATION)

ASHRAE Climatic Data for Region X Arizona, California,
Hawaii, Nevada, Publication SPCDX, 1982, ISBN #20002196
and Supplement, 1994, ISBN #20002596

Available from: Order Desk

Building News

10801 National Boulevard

Los Angeles, CA 90064

(800) 873-6397 or (310) 474-7771

http ://www.bnibooks .com/

ANSI Z21. 13-2000

Gas-Fired Low Pressure Steam and Hot
Water Boilers (2000)

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

APPENDIX 1-A

ASTM INTERNATIONAL

ASTM C 55-01 Standard Specifications for Concrete
Brick (2001)

ASTM C 177-97 Standard Test Method for Steady-State
Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal
Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus (1997)

ASTM C 272-01 Standard Test Method for Water
Absorption of Core Materials for
Structural Sandwich Constructions
(2001)

ASTM C 335-95 Standard Test Method for Steady-State
Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal
Pipe Insulation (1995)

ASTM C 5 1 8-02 Standard Test Method for Steady-State
Thermal Transmission Properties by
Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
(2002)

ASTM C 73 1-00 Standard Test Method for Extrudability,
After Package Aging, of Latex Sealants
(2000)

ASTM C 732-01 Standard Test Method for Aging Effects
of Artificial Weathering on Latex
Sealants (2001)

ASTM C 836-05 Standard Specification for High Solids

Content, Cold Liquid-Aplied Elastomeric
Waterproofing Membrane for Use with
Separate Wearing Course (2005)

ASTM C 1 167-96 Standard Specification for Clay Roof
Tiles

ASTM C 1371-98 Standard Test Method for Determination
of Emittance of Materials Near Room
Temperature Using Portable
Emissometers (1998)

ASTM C 1583-04 Standard Test Method for Tensile

Strength of Concrete Surfaces and the
Bond Strength or Tensile Strength of
Concrete Repair and Overlay Materials
by Direct Tension (Pull-off Method)
(2004)

ASTM D 522-93A

(2001) Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend

Test of Attached Organic Coatings
(2001)

ASTM D 822-01 Standard Practice for Filtered

Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of
Paint and Related Coatings (2001)

ASTM D 1003-00 Standard Test Method for Haze and

Luminous Transmittance of Transparent
Plastics (2000)

ASTM D 1653-03 Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor
Transmission of Organic Coating Films
(2003)

ASTM D 2370-98

(2002) Standard Test Method for Tensile

Properties of Organic Coatings (2002)

ASTM D 2824-02 Standard Specification for

Aluminum-Pigmented Asphalt Roof
Coatings, Nonfibered, Asbestos Fibered,
and Fibered without Asbestos, 2002

ASTM D 3468-99 Standard Specification for

Liquid- Applied Neoprene and
Chlorosulfonated Polythylene Used in
Roofing and Waterproofing (1999)

ASTM D 3805-97 Standard Guide for Application of
Aluminum-Pigmented Asphalt Roof
Coatings, 1997 (reapproved 2003)

ASTM D 4798-01 Standard Test Method Accelerated
Weathering Test Conditions and
Procedures for Bituminous Materials
(Xenon- Arc Method) (2001)

ASTM D 5870-95
(2003)

ASTM D 6083-
05el

Standard Practice for Calculating
Property Retention Index of Plastics
(2003)

Standard Specification for Liquid
Applied Acrylic Coating Used in
Roofing (2005)

ASTM D 6694-01 Standard Specification for

Liquid-Applied Silicone Coating Used in
Spray Polyurethane Foam Roofing
(2001)

ASTM E 96-00 Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor
Transmission of Materials

ASTM E 283-91 Standard Test Method for Determining
the (1999) Rate of Air Leakage Through
Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and
Doors Under Specified Pressure
Differences Across the Specimen

ASTM E 408-71 Standard Test Methods for Total Normal
(2002) Emittance of Surfaces Using
Inspection-Meter Techniques (2002)

Available from: ASTM International

100 Barr Harbor Drive West
Conshohocken, Pennsylvania
19428-2959
(610) 832-9500

CALIFORNIA BUILDING STANDARDS COMMISSION

2001 California Electrical Code

Available from: California Building Standards Commission
2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130
Sacramento, CA 95833-2936
(916)263-0916
www.bsc.ca.gov

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

APPENDIX 1-A

CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION

Appliance Efficiency Standards

Nonresidential Alternative Calculation Method
(ACM) Manual

Nonresidential Manual

Residential Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual

Residential Manual

Available from: California Energy Commission
1516 Ninth Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
(916) 654-5106 or
(800) 772-3300 (in California)
http : //www. energy, ca. gov/title24

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER
AFFAIRS

Standards for Insulating Material

Available from: California Department of Consumer
Affairs

Bureau of Home Furnishings and Thermal
Insulation

3485 Orange Grove Avenue
North Highlands, CA 95660
(916)574-2041

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

21 Code of Federal Regulations, Section 1002.12 (1996)

47 Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 2 and 15 (1996)

Available from: Department of Energy

Washington, D.C. 20585

COOLING TOWER INSTITUTE

CTI ATC- 105-00 Acceptance Test Code for Water Cooling
Towers (2000)

CTI STD-201-02 Certification Standard for Commercial
Water Cooling Towers (2002)

Available from: Cooling Tower Institute

530 Wells Fargo, Suite 218
Post Office Box 73383
Houston, Texas 77273
(281)583-4087

COOL ROOF RATING COUNCIL

CRRC-1 Product Rating Program Manual (2002)

Available from: Cool Roof Rating Council
1738 Excelsior Avenue
Oakland, CA 94602
(866) 465-2523
www.coolroofs.org

HYDRONICS INSTITUTE

HI Heating Boiler Standard 86, 6th Edition (1989)

Available from: Hydronics Institute

35 Russo Place, PO. Box 218
Berkeley Heights, New Jersey 07922
(908) 464-8200

ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY OF NORTH
AMERICA

The lESNA Lighting Handbook, Ninth Edition (2000)

Available from: lESNA

120 Wall Street, 17th Floor
New York, New York 10005-4001
(212)248-5000
Email: iesna@iesna.org

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF PLUMBING
AND MECHANICAL OFFICIALS

2001 California Mechanical Code

Available from: International Association of Plumbing and
Mechanical Officials
2001 E. Walnut Drive South
Walnut, California 91789-2825
(800) 85-IAPMO (854-2766)
http//: www.iapmo.org

INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL

2001 California Building Code

Available from: International Code Council Los Angeles
District Office

5360 South Workman Mill Road
Whittier, California 90601-2298
(888)422-7233
http//: www.iccsafe.org

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR
STANDARDIZATION

ISO-13256-1 Water-Source Heat Pumps-Testing and Rating
for Performance-Part 1 : Water-to-Air and Brine-to- Air Heat
Pumps (1998)

Available from: ISO

1 , rue de Varembe

Casepostale 56

CH-1211

Geneve 20, Switzerland

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

APPENDIX 1-A

NATIONAL FENESTRATION RATING COUNCIL

NFRC 100 Procedure for Determining Fenestration

Product U- factors (1997, 2002)

NFRC 200 Procedure for Determining Fenestration

Product Solar Heat Gain Coefficients and
Visible Transmittance at Normal Incidence
(1997,2002)

NFRC 400 Procedure for Determining Fenestration

Product Air Leakage (1995, 2002)

Available from: National Fenestration Rating Council
8484 Georgia Avenue, Suite 320
Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
(301)589-1776
Email: info@nfrc.org

SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING
CONTRACTORS NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

Residential Comfort System Installation Standards Manual
(1998)

Available from: Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning
Contractors National Association
(SMACNA)

4201 Lafayette Center Drive
Chantilly,VA 20 15 1-1209
(703) 803-2980
ww.smacna.org

UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES

UL 181 Standard for Safety for Factory-made Air

Ducts and Connectors (1996)

UL 181 A Standard for Safety for Closure Systems

for Use with Rigid Air Ducts and Air
Connectors (1994)

UL 18IB Standard for Safety for Closure Systems

for Use with Flexible Air Ducts and Air
Connectors (1995)

UL 723 Standard for Test for Surface Burning

Characteristics of Building Materials
(1996)

UL 727 Standard for Oil-Fired Central Furnaces

(1994)

UL 731 Standard for Oil-Fired Unit Heaters (1995)

UL 1598 Standard for Luminaires (2000)

Available from: Underwriters Laboratories
333 Pfingsten Road
Northbrook, Illinois 60062-2096
(847) 272-8800

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

HISTORY NOTE APPENDIX

CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE
(Title 24, Part 6, California Code of Regulations)

For prior history, see History Note Appendix to the 200 1 Cali-
fornia Energy^ Code, effective November 1, 2002.

1. The 2001 Triennial Edition, California Energy Code,
was published May 1 , 2002. The California Building Standards
Commision established November 1, 2002 as the effective
date.

2. (CEC 03/02) Approval of energy efficiency standards,
which adopt by reference the National Fenestration Rating
Council's (NFRC) 2002 window rating and labeling proce-
dures; CCR, Title 24, Parts 1 and 6. Approved by the California
Building Standards Commission on May 14, 2003, and filed
with the Secretary of State on May 16,2003. Effective June 14,
2003.

3. (CEC 01/03) 2005 building energy efficiency standards
approved by the California Building Standards Commission on
July 21, 2004, for publication in the 2005 California Energy^
Code; filed with the Secretary of State September 24, 2004;
published April 1, 2005; effective October 1, 2005.

4. (CEC 01/05) Modify testing requirements for liquid
applied cool roof coatings. Section 1 1 8 (i) 3 and Table 1 1 8-C
"Minimum Performance Requirements for Liquid Applied
Roof Coatings." Add standards to Section 101 (b) and refer-
ence standards to Appendix 1-A. Effective September 11,
2006.

2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

100 2007 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE