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THE
GRANITE MONTHLY
A New Hampshire Magazine
DEVOTED TO
HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, LITERATURE,
AND STATE PROGRESS
VOLUME XXXIV
CONCORD, N. H.
PUBLISHED BY THE GRANITE MONTHLY COMPANY
I9O3
■N
974.2
v. 34
Published, 1903
By the Granite Monthly Company
Concord, N. H.
Printed, Illustrated, and Electrotyped by
Rutnford Printing Company (Rum/ord Press)
Concord, New Hampshire, U. S. A.
The Granite Monthly.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXXIV.
yanuary — Jtine, igoj.
Apostrophe to Our Granite Hills (poem), Mrs. L. J. H. Frost
As I Rode Out from Ispahan (poem), Frederick Myron Colby .
Baketel, Mrs. O. S., The Twilight Hour {poem)
Bartlett, Josiah, Alice Bartlett Stevens ....
Beauty through Unloveliness (poem), Arthur W. Hall
Blount, Annette M., A Summer Day at the Isles of Shoals
Bolles, L. D., Chocorua's Call (poem) ....
Buffum, Jesse H., The Silence of Ansel Hardy
Burell, Carl, My Grandfather's Grandfather's Grandfather (poem)
Butterfield, William M., G. A. Cheney ....
Butterworth, Walter Cummings, The March of Time (poem)
Cheney, G. A., Soltaire and its Author
William M. Butterfield ......
Chickadee, The (poem), C. C. Lord . , .
Chocorua's Call (poem), L. D. Bolles ....
Clark, Allan Chester, The Constitutional Convention
The Legislature of 1903 ......
Clark, Luella, Toil and Reward (poem) ....
Clover Song (poem), C. C. Lord .....
Cogswell, Thomas, Jr., If I were King (poem) .
Colby, Fred Myron, The Forgotten Queen of England .
As I Rode Out from Ispahan {poem)
Cold, The (poem), C. C. Lord ......
Constitutional Convention, The, Allan Chester Clark
Court, Ormsby A., Passion (poem)
Dartmouth during a Decade, Eugene R. Musgrove
Dream at Last Realized, A, Sarah B. Lawrence
Editor's and Publishers' Notes
Fancy, A, (poem), C. C. Lord
First American Legislature, The, George Bancroft Griffith
First Easter Morning, The [poem), Henrietta E. Page
Flint, William Ruthven, Wahnodnock (poem)
Forgotten Queen of England,' The, Fred Myron Colby .
French, Dr. A. J. (poem), Moses Gage Shirley
Friends in Council, of Lisbon, N. H., Mrs. Alice B. Oliver
Frost, Mrs. L. J. H., Apostrophe to Our Granite Hills (poem)
398
39°
397
243
237
89
454
291
296
M5
114
79
145
94
454
3
3°3
228
439
87
275
39°
63
3
J 35
405
440
140, 458
279
62
262
297
275
290
263
398
e><^
IV
CONTENTS.
General Grant's Love for Horses and his Stage-coach Ride in the White
Mountains, Alice Bartlett Stevens ....
Gilman, Isabel Ambler, Our Heroes [poem)
Goffstown Hills, The (poem), Moses Gage Shirley
Griffith, George Bancroft, The First American Legislature
Present Demands (poem) . . . .
Hall, Arthur W., Beauty through Unloveliness (poem) .
Heavenly Visitants (poem), Charles McGregor .
Henry Neville's Opportunity, Edgar K. Morrison .
Hills of the Infinite, The (poem ), H. G. Leslie
Holmes, Charles N., Sunset on Monadnock (poem) .
If I were King (poem), Thomas Cogswell, Jr.
Jenkins, Frederick Warren, The Old Garrison House of Exeter
Lawrence, Sarah B., A Dream at Last Realized
Legislature of 1903, Allan Chester Clark .
Leslie, H. G., M. D., The Hills of the Infinite (poem)
Captain Jared Somes ....'.
Shoreline Sketches, No. 2. The Old Minister
Lisbon Woman's Club
Lord, C. C, The Cold {poem)
The Chickadee (poem)
A Robin {poem)
A Fancy (poem) . .
May-flowers (poem) .
Clover Song (poem) .
Manchester, Commercial .......
March of Time, The {poem), Walter Cummings Butterworth
May-flowers (poem), C. C. Lord ....
McGregor, Charles, Heavenly Visitants (poem)
McLane, Fannie Moulton, The Uncanoonucs (poem) .
Mill in the Glade, The (poem), J. B. M. Wright
Missive in a May Basket, A, C. Jennie Swaine
Morrison, Edgar K., Henry Neville's Opportunity .
Musgrove, Eugene R., Dartmouth during a Decade
My Grandfather's Grandfather's Grandfather (poem) Carl Burell
95
118
423
62
274
237
448
64
63
453
87
386
440
303
63
232
449
263
63
94
231
279
385
439
155
114
385
448
152
454
392
64
405
296
Nab Souther's Cat, Caroline C. Shea
New Hampshire Necrology
Annett, Thomas
Bean, Rev. John W. .
Beede, Hanson .
Belknap, Rear Admiral George E.
Bennett, Hon. James W. .
Brewster, Hon. Eli V.
Brodhead, George H.
Brown, Elbridge P. .
Burnham, Dr. Charles A. .
Butler, Dr. Jacob N.
Clark, Samuel O., M. D. .
Cole, Converse .
Cutter, Edward S. .
Dame, Prof. Lorin L.
Dearborn, Samuel G., M. D.
Ela, Col. John W.
Faulkner, Hon. Francis C.
• 443
73, 137, 238, 298, 399, 455
400
'139
138
399
402
300
240
137
240
240
402
138
298
137
456
75
401
CONTENTS.
New Hampshire Necrology (Continued) ■.
French, Dr. Alfred J.
Gage, Alfred Payson
Gage, George N., M. D.
Gilman, Hon. Virgil C.
Greeley, James B., M. D.
Hill, Isaac Andrew .
Keep, Rev. Elisha A.
Kemp, Henry W.
Mason, Hon. Larkin D.
Morrison, Leonard Allison, A. M.
Morse, Rev. Horace W.
Noyes, Col. Frank G.
Paul, John .
Pinkham, Joseph
Richards, Hon. DeForrest
Rowe, Harrison
Shaw, Capt. Elijah M.
Tebbetts, John G.
Thompson, Dr. John F.
Upton, Samuel .
Wallace, Hon. Rodney
Waterhouse, Hon. William E.
Webster, Dayid L.
Wentworth, Arioch .
Whitaker, Hon. John
Wood, Dr. Curtis A.
New Hampshire's Hills {poem), Dana Smith Temple
Old Garrison House of Exeter, The, Frederick Warren Jenk
Old Hillsborough Church, The (poem), Dana Smith Temple
Oliver, Mrs. Alice B., Friends in Council, of Lisbon, N. H.
Our Heroes (poem), Isabel Ambler Gilman
ns
74
238
138
455
400
240
457
75
455
73
298
73
456
300
457
139
239
300
139
76
238
76
457
299
139
76
153
386
61
263
118
Page, Henrietta E., The First Easter Morning (poem) .
Passion (poem), Ormsby A. Court .....
Pendleton, Maj. Brian, in New Hampshire and Maine, F. B
Poor Farm, The, M. H. W
Present Demands (poem), George Bancroft Griffith
Recollections of a District School, Jonathan Smith
Robin, A. (poem), C. C. Lord ......
Sanborn
M. D
Sanborn, F. B., Maj. Brian Pendleton in New Hampshire and Maine
Shea, Caroline C, Nab Souther's Cat ....
Shirley, Moses Gage, Dr. A. J. French (poem) .
The Goffstown Hills (poem) .....
Shoreline Sketches, No. 2, The Old Minister, H. G. Leslie,
Silence of Ansel Hardy, The, Jesse H. Buffum
Smith, Jonathan, Recollections of a District School .
Soltaire and its Author, G. A. Cheney ....
Somes, Captain Jared, H. G. Leslie, M. D.
Stevens, Alice Bartlett, General Grant's Love for Horses
coach Ride in the White Mountains
Josiah Bartlett .......
Story the Ax Told Me, The
Summer Day at the Isles of Shoals, A, Annette M. Blount
Sunset on Monadnock (poem), Charles N. Holmes .
Swaine, C. Jennie, A Missive in a May Basket
and his Stage
262
135
119
229
274
280
231
119
443
290
423
449
291
280
79
232
95
243
271
89
453
39 2
VI
CONTENTS.
Temple, Dana Smith, The Old Hillsborough Church {poem)
New Hampshire's Hills {poem)
We Hope {poem)
Thompson, Benjamin, Lucien Thompson
Thompson, Lucien, Benjamin Thompson
Toil and Reward {poem), Luella Clark
Twilight Hour, The {poem), Mrs. O. S. Baketel
Uncanoonucs, The {poem), Fannie Moulton McLane
61
153
396
425
425
228
397
152
Valentine, A {poem) Hervey Lucius Woodward
136
Wahnodnock. {poem), William Ruthven Flint
Waiting {poem), Mary H. Wheeler
We Hope {poem), Dana Smith Temple
Wheeler, Mary H., Waiting {poem) .
W., M. H., The Poor Farm . .
Woodward, Hervey Lucius, A Valentine {poem)
Wright, J. B. M., The Mill in the Glade {poem)
297
442
39 6
442
229
136
454
GEN. FRANK S. STREETER.
President <>/ the Constitutional Convention.
The Granite Monthly.
Vol. XXXIV.
JANUARY, 190
No.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
By Allan CJiesler Clark.
&M H E state of New Hamp-
shire occupies an unique
position among her sis-
ter commonwealths in
the method of amending
her constitution. Changes in the fun-
damental law are proposed to the peo-
ple through the legislatures in nearly
all the states. In New Hampshire
alone do suggested amendments come
entirely through a convention held
for that purpose. This provision,
which was formerly in vogue more
extensively than at present, has fal-
len from its place in the American
system, so that in but few states
would it be possible to bring together
a body of men like that which met in
Concord last month.
But like many other old and tried
customs, which have been superseded
by new ones, the New Hampshire
method has its advantages. The con-
stitution of the state should be kept,
as far as possible, from the petty poli-
tics of the day. It is the guardian of
the liberties of the people and should
be preserved as sacredly as the cir-
cumstances allow, changes being
made only when imperatively de-
manded by stress of circumstances.
Consequently should the tribunal,
which is to make the initiative in
amending the constitution, be changed
from a convention to the legislature
the result would be very undesirable.
From its present exalted position the
constitution would be lowered to the
level of the most trivial legislation.
Imagine a deliberative body turning
from the consideration of the right of
trial by jury as guaranteed in the bill
of rights to a bill prohibiting fishing
in a nameless tarn among the hills in
one of the remotest parts of the state.
The venerable instrument would be
made the object of continuous assault
and change, with the result that the
entire system of jurisprudence would
be uncertain and vacillating. That
the present method has worked well
is attested by the uniform good gov-
ernment that the state has always
enjoyed, and further by the deci-
sive majority with which the people,
through their delegates in the recent
convention, manifested their desire
that it be retained.
Under this provision of the consti-
tution eight conventions have been
held in the history of the state. The
first began its existence January 5,
1776, when the Provincial congress
resolved itself into a convention for
the purpose of framing a constitution
for the government of the state, then
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
about to throw off the rule of the
mother country. This was the first
organic law adopted by any of the
thirteen original states and remained
in force until June 2, 1784. Another
convention was held at Concord in
1778, but its recommended changes
were not adopted by the people.
The third assembly called for this
purpose was, perhaps, the most
memorable in the history of the
state. For nearly two and one half
years the delegates had the matter of
framing a new constitution in hand.
Twice their recommendations were
rejected, but the third draft submit-
ted to the people was adopted and
became the fundamental law upon
the date mentioned above. With
various modifications this instrument
has remained in force until the pres-
ent time. The most radical changes
and the most extensive additions
were made in 1792. So important
were these changes and additions
that the constitution has been quite
generally known as that of 1793, this
being the date at which the recom-
mendations of the convention went
into effect.
For nearly sixt)' years no further
conventions were held. Then in
1850 the fifth assembled in Concord.
Franklin Pierce, afterwards presi-
dent of the United States, was
chosen to preside over its delibera-
tions. This convention proceeded to
recommend fifteen amendments, all
of which were rejected by the people.
At a second session, however, held
the following year, three amend-
ments were resubmitted, proposing
to abolish the religious test, to abol-
ish the property qualification, and to
provide for a new mode of amending
the constitution. That amendment
abolishing the property qualification
alone was adopted.
The sixth convention assembled in
1876. Among the members were
Daniel Clark, who was elected presi-
dent ; Harry Bingham, of Littleton ;
John S. H. FYink, of Greenland ;
John J. Bell and Gilman Marston, of
Exeter; Ichabod Goodwin, of Ports-
mouth ; John W. Sanborn, of Wake-
field ; James O. Lyford, who then
represented Canterbury; Ai B.
Thompson, Jacob H. Gallinger,
William E. Chandler, Joseph Went-
worth, Benjamin A. Kimball, of Con-
cord ; Isaac N. Blodgett, of Frank-
lin ; Frederick Smyth, James F.
Briggs, of Manchester; George A.
Ramsdell, of Nashua ; Samuel B.
Page, of Haverhill, and Jacob Ben-
ton, of Lancaster. The most impor-
tant amendment recommended was
that providing for the present basis
of representation in the legislature.
The seventh and last convention
previous to that of 1902 was held at
Concord in 1889. It elected Hon.
Charles H. Bell, of Exeter, president.
In this body we again find a large
number of able and distinguished
men. Isaac W. Smith, of Manches-
ter, was chairman of the committee
on executive department ; James F.
Briggs, of Manchester, on legislative
department ; Ellery A. Hibbard, of
Laconia, on judicial department ;
William S. Ladd, of Lancaster, on
future mode of amending the consti-
tution and other proposed amend-
ments ; Charles A. Dole, of Lebanon,
on time and mode of submitting to
the people the amendments agreed
to by the convention. Many other
prominent men were there, including
John D. Lyman, of Exeter; Calvin
Page, of Portsmouth ; John W. San-
HON. WILLIAM E. CHANDLER.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
born, of Wakefield ; Joseph B. Walk-
er, Amos Hadley, and Benjamin A.
Kimball, of Concord; Frank N. Par-
sons, Isaac N. Blodgett, and Alvah
W. Sulloway, of Franklin ; David
Cross, Charles H. Bartlett, George
C. Gilmore, and Henry E. Burnham,
of Manchester; Robert M. Wallace,
of Milford ; George B. French, of
Nashua ; Ira Colby, of Claremont ;
Dexter Richards, of Newport ; and
Edward R. Ruggles, of Hanover.
The question of the expediency of
holding a constitutional convention
has been submitted to the people
three times since 1889. April 1,
1893, the legislature called for an
expression on the part of the people.
The vote was 16,689 against and
13,681 in favor. Two years later the
proposition met with a still more de-
cisive defeat, the vote being 19,831
to 14,099. By an act of the legisla-
ture dated March 1, 1899, the ques-
tion was again submitted. But few
thought there was a possibility of
getting the necessary two-thirds vote.
The greater part of the voters ig-
nored the subject entirely. But when
the secretary of state had figured up
the returns he found that, although
but 13,858 votes had been cast, 10,571
were in the affirmative and only 3,287
in the negative.
The next legislature passed an act
providing for the convention, and it
was approved by Governor Chester
B. Jordan, March 21, 1901. Accord-
ing to its provisions the choice of
delegates from every town and ward
in the state was called for at the elec-
tion held in November, 1902. The
selection of delegates resulted in
sending to the state capital the pick
of New Hampshire's distinguished
citizens. It is appropriate that this
entire list be published here. It is as
follows :
KOCKINGHAM COUNTY.
Atkinson, Elmer E. Conley; Auburn, Henry C
Sanborn; Brentwood, Ephraim G. Flanders;
Candia, George E. Eaton; Chester, Charles H.
Knowles; Danville, Eugene F. Kimball; Deer-
field, John M. Kelsey; Derry, Walter R. Sanders,
Charles F. Gillispie, Charles W. Abbott; East
Kingston, Frank R. Morrill; Exeter, Edwin G.
Eastman, Wm. H. C. Follansby, Arthur O. Fuller,
Albert S. Wetherell; Epping, John Leddy; Fre-
mont, Lincoln F. Hooke; Greenland, John S. H.
Frink; Hampstead, John C. Sanborn; Hampton,
John W. Towle; Hampton Falls, Benjamin F.
Weare; Kensington, Weare N. Shaw; Kingston,
Amos C. Chase; Londonderry, Rosecrans W.
Pillsbury; Newcastle, no choice; Newfields,
Christopher A. Pollard; Newington, Frederic W.
de Rochemont; Newmarket, Harrison G. Burley,
John Walker; Newton, Daniel F. Battles; North
Hampton, David H. Evans; Northwood, Charles
F. Cate; Nottingham, James H. Kelsey; Plais-
tow, Daniel M. Peaslee; Portsmouth— Ward 1,
Samuel W. Emery, Guy E. Corey; Ward 2, Simon
P. Emery, Alfred F. Howard, True L. Norris;
Ward 3, Clarence H. Paul, Samuel F. Ham; Ward
4, Edward H. Adams; Ward 5, William A. A.
Cullen; Raymond, James M. Healey; Rye,
Horace Sawyer; Salem, Wallace W. Cole, Benj.
R. Wheeler; Sandown, Horace T. Grover; Sea-
brook, John W. Locke; South Hampton, Benja-
min R.Jewell; Stratham, Joseph C. A. Wingate;
Windham, George H. Clark.
STRAFFORD COUNTY.
Barrington, Alphonzo B. Locke; Dover— Ward 1,
George I. Leighton, Charles E. Morrison; Ward
2, Charles T. Moulton, William H. Roberts, Burn-
ham Hanson; Ward 3, John H. Nealley, Dwight
Hall; Ward 4, Charles H. Morang, Channing Fol-
som, John H. Nute; Ward 5, Patrick W. Murphy;
Durham, Daniel Chesley; Farmington, Henry C.
Nutter, Edward T. Willson; Lee, John W. Webb;
Madbury, Fred E. Gerrish; Middleton, James D.
Moore; Milton, Bard B. Plummer; New Durham,
Horatio G. Chamberlain; Rochester— Ward 1,
Andrew R. Nute; Ward 2, George P. Furbush;
Ward 3, Stephen C. Meader; Ward 4, George H.
Springfield, Gaspard A. Gelinas; Ward 5, George
E. Cochrane; Ward 6, William T. Gunnison;
Rollinsford, George W. Nutter; Somersworth—
Ward 1, James A. Edgerly; Ward 2, Joseph
Libby ; Ward 3, James A. Locke; Ward 4, Michael
J. Leary, Clement Roy; Ward 5, Oliver Morin;
Strafford, Frank H. Hall.
BELKNAP COUNTY.
Alton, George H. Demeritt; Barnstead, Horace
N. Colbath; Belmont, Fred E. Bryar; Centre
Harbor, Allan C. Clark; Gilford, James R. Mor-
rill; Gilmanton, Thomas Cogswell; Laconia —
Ward 1, Charles L. Pulsifer, Edwin D. Ward;
Ward 2, Stephen S. Jewett, Horace W. Gorrell;
Ward 3, John T. Busiel; Ward 4, Edwin P. Thomp-
son, Edwin C. Lewis: Meredith, George F.Smith;
New Hampton, Kenrick W. Smith; Sanbornton,
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
James E. Knox; Tilton, Charles C. Rogers, Will-
iam B. Fellows.
CARROLL COUNTY.
Albany, Archie Nickerson; Bartlett, Henry M.
Rideout; Brookfleld, Dudley C. Colman; Chat-
ham, William Spencer; Conway, Sewell M. Hob-
son, James L. Gibson, Joel E. Morrill; Eaton,
Luther E. Dearborn; Effingham, Horace W. Har-
mon; Freedom, Arthur P. Merrow; Hart's Loca-
tion, Merville B. Murch; Jackson, Jonathan Me-
serve; Madison, Samuel J. Gilman; Moultonbor-
ough. Andrew J. Goodwin; Ossipee, Levi W.
Brown; Sandwich, Henry F. Dorr; Tamworth,
Horace A. Page; Tuftonborough, John D. Mor-
rison; Wakefield, John W. Sanborn; Wolfebor-
ough, Stephen W. Clow, Fred E. Hersey.
MERRIMACK COUNTY.
Allenstown, Frank E. Blodgett; Andover,
George W. Stone; Boscawen, Willis G. Bux-
ton; Bow, Henry M. Baker; Bradford, John E.
French; Canterbury, James Frame; Chichester,
Jeremy L. Sanborn; Concord— Ward 1, David F.
Dudley, Charles E. Foote; Ward 2, Fales P. Vir-
gin; Ward 3, Abijah Hollis; Ward 4, Frank S.
Streeter, James O. Lyford, John M. Mitchell;
Ward 5, Edward C. Niles, William A. Foster;
Ward 6, Benj. A. Kimball, Reuben E. Walker,
DeWitt C. Howe; Ward 7. Moses T. Whittier,
Maitland C. Lamprey, Horace L. Ingalls; Ward
8, William E. Chandler; Ward 9, Michael Casey,
John Jordan; Danbury, John V. Ford; Dunbar-
ton, Horace Caldwell; Epsom, John H. Dolbeer;
Franklin— Ward 1, Isaac N. Blodgett; Ward 2,
Edward B. S. Sanborn, George R. Stone; Ward
3, Edward G. Leach, Omar A. Towne; Henniker,
Charles A. Wilkins; Hill, Royal L.Wilson; Hook-
sett, Eugene S. Head; Hopkinton, George M.
Putnam; Loudon, Jeremiah A. Clough; Newbury,
George J. Messer; New London, Jacob H. Todd;
Northfield, Otis C. Wyatt; Pembroke, Jacob E.
Chickering, Edmund E. Truesdell, George E.
Miller; Pittsfield, Frank P. Greene, Edward K.
Webster; Salisbury, Edward N. Sawyer; Sutton,
no choice— voted not to send; Warner, Arthur
Thompson; Webster, Frank A. Lang; Wilmot, no
choice.
HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY.
Amherst, Eugene C. Hubbard; Antrim, Frank-
lin G. Warner; Bedford, Gordon Woodbury;
Bennington, Charles H. Kimball; Brookline, Or-
ville D. Fessenden; Deering, William F. Whit-
aker; Francestown, George E. Downes; Goffs-
town, George W. Colby, David A. Paige; Green-
field, George S. Peavey; Greenville, Stephen H.
Bacon; Hancock, George H. Fogg; Hillsborough,
John B. Smith, Samuel W. Holman; Hollis, Mar-
cellus J. Powers; Hudson, George W. Clyde;
Litchfield, Jonathan A. Marsh; Lyndeborough,
Walter S. Tarbell; Manchester— Ward 1, Elliott
C. Lambert, Rufus Wilkinson, Jacob J. Abbott:
Ward 2, James F. Briggs, David Cross, Nathan P.
Hunt, Oliver B. Green, James E. Dodge; Ward 3,
Henry W. Boutwell, Cyrus H. Little, Clarence
E. Rose, Edwin F. Jones, Edwin R. Robinson,
Joseph O. Tremblay; Ward 4, Harry T. Lord,
George C. Gilmore, Henry A. Farrington, War-
ren Harvey, Bushrod W. Hill, Albert J. Pre-
court; Ward 5, Joseph M. McDonough, Michael
Tonery, William J. Starr, Timothy E. Horan.
William F. Glancy, Michael R. Sullivan, Dennis F.
Griffin, Henry Jennings; Ward 6, Fred T. Irwin,
George I. McAllister, Joseph Quirin, Eugene E.
Hildreth; Ward 7, Henry W. Allen; Ward 8,
Frank O. Clement, John C. Littletield, John K.
McQuesten, William MeElroy, Edward J. Powers;
Ward 9, Herman Greager, Joseph Richer, Frank
T. Provost, Joseph G. Plante, Eugene Quirin,
Moise Guerin, Joseph A. Boivin; Ward 10, James
M. Hall, Albert Nettle, Joseph F. Trinity, Nelson
W.Paige; Mason, Hermon Whitaker; Merrimack,
Francis A. Gordon; Milford, Carl E. Knight, Will-
iam B. Rotch, George A. Worcester; Mont Ver-
non, Charles H. Raymond; Nashua— Ward 1,
Charles J. Hamblett, John R. Spring; Ward 2,
Joseph L. Clough, Walter C. Harriman; Ward 3,
Edward H. Everett, John J. Flood, Henri T.
Ledoux; Ward 4, Edward E. Parker; Ward 5,
Stephen L. Hallinan; Ward 6, Edward H. Wason;
Ward 7, Arthur K. Woodbury, Clayton B. Proctor,
Frederic D. Runnells; Ward 8, William J. McKay,
Albert Shedd, William J. Flather; Ward 9, Thomas
Earley, Jr., Joseph T. Slattery, Leon Desmarais,
Michael McGlynn; New Boston, Lendell Dodge;
New Ipswich, Edwin F. Blanchard; Pelham,
Charles L. Seavey; Peterborough, Mortier L.
Morrison, Charles Scott; Sharon, Milton A. Rich-
ardson; Temple, Herbert O. Hadley; Weare,
George Simons; Wilton, George E. Bales: Wind-
sor, Joseph C. Chapman.
CHESHIRE COUNTY.
Alstead, Charles H. Cooke; Chesterfield,
George F. Amidon; Dublin, Henry D. Learned;
Fitzwilliam, Amos J. Blake; Gilsum, John S.
Collins; Harrisville, Frank C. Farwell; Hins-
dale, Fred A. Buckley, Willis D. Stearns; Jaffrey,
Joel H. Poole, Albert Annett; Keene— Ward 1,
James S. Taft, Adolph W. Pressler; Ward 2,
Charles Wright, 2d, Liberty W. Foskett; Ward 3,
William C. Hall, Hiram F. Newell; Ward 4,
Clement J. Woodward; Ward 5, Joseph Madden;
Marlborough, Clinton Collins; Marlow, Rockwell
F. Craig; Nelson. George W. Osgood; Rich-
mond, Lewis R. Cass; Rindge, Warren W.
Emory; Roxbury, Charles W. Buckminster;
Stoddard, Cummings B. McClure; Sullivan,
Daniel W. Rugg; Surry, Stephen H. Clement;
Swanzey, Auburn J. Day; Troy, Melvin T. Stone;
Walpole, Frank A. Spaulding, William H. Kiniry :
Westmoreland, Edwin J. Goodnow; Winchester,
Carlos C. Davis, George W. Pierce.
SULLIVAN COUNTY.
Ac worth, Abraham M. Mitchell; Charlestown,
Lyman Brooks; Claremont, Edward J. Tenner,
George T. Stockwell, Osmon B. Way, George P.
Rossiter, Ira G. Colby; Cornish, George E. Fair-
banks; Croyden, Daniel Ide; Goshen, Frank L.
Hanson; Grantham, Moses P. Burpee; Langdon,
Herbert A. Holmes; Lempster, Loren A. Noyes;
Newport, Arthur C. Bradley, Jesse M. Barton,
Seth M. Richards; Plainfield, Robert R. Penni-
man; Springfield, Joseph L. Brown; Sunapee,
George H. Bartlett; Unity, Charles A. Newton;
Washington, Willie D. Brockway.
8
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
GRAFTON COUNTY.
Alexandria, Alpheus S. Bucklin; Ashland,
Henry C. Dearborn; Bath, Henry C. Carbee;
Benton, Lebina H. Parker; Bethlehem, Henry A.
Hildreth; Bridgewater, Henry H. Morrill; Bris-
tol, Ira A. Chase; Campton, Charles W. Pulsifer;
Canaan, Warren B. Richardson; Dorchester,
Herbert H. Ashley; Easton, Charles A. Young;
Ellsworth, Bert H. Avery; Enfield, Henry Cum-
ings, John Dresser; Franconia, Wilbur F.
Parker; Grafton, Joseph E. Walker; Groton,
Daniel Kidder; Hanover, Simon Ward, James F.
Colby; Haverhill, Tyler Westgate, Scott Sloane,
Edwin B. Pike; Hebron, Edward M. Jewell;
Holderness, Robert L. Flanders; Landaff. Van
B. Glazier; Lebanon, Charles A. Dole, Charles B.
Drake, Jesse E. Dewey, Clarence E. Hibbard;
Lincoln, James E. Henry; Lisbon, Augustus A.
Woolson, George F. Morris; Littleton, Edgar
Aldrich, Henry F. Green, Harry M. Morse;
Lyman, Willard A. Stoddard; Lyme, George
Melvin; Monroe, Alexander Warden; Orange,
John H. French; Orford, George W. Lamprey;
Plermont, Edward Ford; Plymouth, Frank W.
Russell, Alvin F. Wentworth; Rumney, Charles
C. Craig; Thornton, Marshall A. Bowles; War-
ren, William R. Park, Jr.; Waterville, George
H.Green; Wentworth, Calvin T. Shute; Wood-
stock, Elmer E. Woodbury.
COOS COUNTY.
Berlin— Ward 1, Joseph H. Wight, John D. Mof-
fett, William H. Paine; Ward 2, Louis M. La
Plante, George F. Rich, Daniel J. Daley; Ward 3,
James A. Boudreau, Charles A. Murray; Carroll,
Charles S. Miles; Clarksville, Willis E. Young;
Colebrook, Jason H. Dudley, Thomas F. John-
son; Columbia, Charles C. Titus; Dalton, Frank
Britton; Dummer, Adam W. Wight; Errol, Re-
member B. Thurston; Gorharn, Alfred R. Evans;
Jefferson, George W.Crawford; Lancaster, Irv-
ing W. Drew, Henry O. Kent, William H. Hart-
ley; Milan, Leonard K. Phipps; Northumber-
land, Napoleon B. Perkins, George W. McKel-
lips; Pittsburg, Harvey Augustus Blanchard;
Randolph, Laban M. Watson; Shelburne, Charles
E.Philbrook; Stark, William T. Pike; Stewarts-
town, Leon D. Ripley; Stratford, Havilah B. Hin-
man; Whitefield, David M. Aldrich, William F.
Dodge.
Pursuant to the call of the people,
the convention assembled in Repre-
sentatives' hall, December 2, and
immediately proceeded to organize.
Judge Isaac N. Blodgett, the late
chief justice of the New Hampshire
supreme court, called to order at the
appointed time. Col. Henry O.
Kent, of Lancaster, was chosen tem-
porary chairman, and James R.
Dodge, of Manchester, temporary sec-
retary. Mr. Kent took the chair
amid the applause of the whole as-
sembly, and in his usual eloquent
manner thanked the delegates for the
honor conferred upon him— a member
of the minority party — and spoke ex-
tendedly upon the high character
and aims of the convention.
There was a contest for the office
of president of the convention. Gen.
Frank S. Streeter, of Concord, the
distinguished corporation lawyer,
was an avowed candidate, and the
friends of the venerable Judge David
Cross, of Manchester, had been work-
ing in his interest, while others fav-
ored Hon. Edgar Aldrich, of Little-
ton, judge of the United States dis-
trict court. The balloting resulted :
Whole number 39S
Necessary lor a choice 200
Edgar Aldrich 31
David Cross 127
Frank S. Streeter 240
General Streeter was therefore de-
clared the choice of the convention.
There were three candidates for
secretary — Thomas H. Madigan, Jr.,
of Concord ; James R. Jackson, of
Littleton, and George W. Fowler, of
Pembroke, the ballot resulting in the
choice of the first named. There
being no contest for the remaining
positions, the following were chosen
by acclamation : Assistant secretary,
L. Ashton Thorp, of Manchester ;
sergeant-at-arms, John K. Law, of
New London ; chaplain, Rev. Bur-
ton W. Lockhart, of Manchester;
doorkeepers, Charles W. Torr, of
Dover; George W. Allen, of Stew-
artstown, and W. W. Lovejoy, of
Littleton.
President Streeter completed the
organization of the body by appoint-
ing the following committees :
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Col. Henry O. Kent.
On Bill of Rights and Executive
Department, — Edgar Aldrich, of Lit-
tleton, chairman ; James F. Briggs,
of Manchester; Irving W. Drew, of
Lancaster; George E. Bales, of Wil-
ton; Arthur 0. Fuller, of Exeter;
Amos C. Chase, of Kingston ;
Stephen C. Meader, of Rochester ;
John T. Busiel, of Laconia ; Charles
C. Rogers, of Tilton ; Stephen W.
Clow, of Wolfeborough : Benjamin
A. Kimball, of Concord; Edward B.
S. Sanborn, of Franklin ; Willis G.
Buxton, of Boscaweu ; Gordon
Woodbury, of Bedford ; Joseph
Madden, of Keene ; Melvin T.
Stone, of Troy; Ira G. Colby, of
Claremont ; Arthur C. Bradley, of
Newport ; George F. Morris, of Lis-
bon ; Alfred R. Evans, of Gorham.
On Legislative Department, — David
Cross, of Manchester, chairman ; John
W. Sanborn, of Wakefield ; James O.
Lyford, of Concord ; John M. Mitchell,
of Concord ; Alfred F. Howard, of
Portsmouth; James M. Healey, of
Raymond ; Stephen S. Jewett, of La-
conia ; Horace N. Colbath, of Barn-
stead ; George E. Cochrane, of Roch-
ester ; Edmund E. Truesdell, of Pem-
broke ; Herbert O. Hadley, of Tem-
ple ; George T. Peavej', of Green-
field ; Joseph Quirin, of Manchester;
Daniel W. Rugg, of Sullivan ; Abra-
ham M. Mitchell, of Acworth ; War-
ren B. Richardson, of Canaan ; El-
mer E. Woodbury, of Woodstock ;
Wilbur F. Parker, of Franconia ;
Charles E. Philbrook, of Shelburne ;
Louis M. LaPlante, of Berlin.
IO
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
On Judicial Department, — Isaac
N. Blodgett, of Franklin, chairman;
Reuben E. Walker, of Concord ; Ed-
ward E. Parker, of Nashua ; Edward
H. Adams, of Portsmouth ; William
H. C. Follansby, of Exeter; William
T. Gunnison, of Rochester; William
B. Fellows, of Tilton ; Edwin P.
Thompson, of Laconia ; Dudley C.
Colman, of Brookfield ; David F.
Dudley, of Concord; Charles J.
Hamblett, of Nashua ; John B.
Smith, of Hillsborough ; Cyrus H.
Little, of Manchester; Albert An-
nett, of Jaffrey ; James S. Taft, of
Keene ; Jesse M. Barton, of New-
port ; Osmon B. Way, of Claremont ;
Tyler Westgate, of Haverhill ; James
F. Colby, of Hanover; Daniel J.
Daley, of Berlin.
On Future Mode of Amending the
Constitution and Other Proposed
Amendments,— Edwin G. Eastman,
of Exeter, chairman ; Edward J.
Tenney, of Claremont; William B.
Rotch, of Milford ; True L. Norris,
of Portsmouth ; Charles T. Moulton,
of Dover; Edwin C. Eewis, of La-
conia ; Kenrick W. Smith, of New
Hampton ; Henry M. Rideout, of
Bartlett; Henry M. Baker, of Bow;
Edward G. Eeach, of Franklin ;
DeWitt C. Howe, of Concord; Ed-
win F. Jones, of Manchester ; Na-
than P. Hunt, of Manchester; Frank
A. Spaulding, of Walpole ; George
W. Pierce, of Winchester; Henry F.
Green, of Eittleton ; Edwin B. Pike,
of Haverhill ; Frank W. Russell, of
Plymouth; Joseph H. Wight, of Ber-
lin ; William H. Paine, of Berlin.
On Time and Mode of Submitting
to the People the Amendments
Agreed to by the Convention, — Will-
iam E. Chandler, of Concord, chair-
man ; George C. Gilmore, of Man-
chester ; Calvin T. Shute, of Went-
worth ; Albert S. Wetherell, of Exe-
ter ; Walter R. Sanders, of Derry ;
James A. Edgerly, of Somersworth ;
John H. Nute, of Dover; Thomas
Cogswell, of Gilmanton ; Euther E.
Dearborn, of Eaton ; Edward C.
Niles, of Concord ; Abijah Hollis, of
Concord; Ira A. Chase, of Bristol;
Edward H. Wason, of Nashua;
Samuel W. Holman, of Hillsborough ;
Clement J. Woodward, of Keene ;
Hiram F. Newell, of Keene ; Seth
M. Richards, of Newport ; George
H. Bartlett, of Sunapee ; Charles A.
Dole, of Lebanon ; Thomas F. John-
son, of Colebrook.
On Mileage, — Carl E. Knight, of
Milford, chairman ; John Walker, of
Newmarket ; George I. Leighton, of
Dover ; Allan C. Clark, of Center
Harbor ; Fred E. Hersey, of Wolfe-
borough ; George E. Miller, of Pem-
broke ; Charles Wright, of Keene ;
Moses P. Burpee, of Grantham ; Van
B. Glazier, of Landaff ; Leon D. Rip-
ley, of Stewartstown.
On Finance, — Frank O. Clement,
of Manchester, chairman ; George
Melvin, of Lyme ; Samuel W. Emery,
of Portsmouth ; John H. Nealley, of
Dover ; Charles L. Pulsifer, of La-
conia ; Sewell M. Hobson, of Con-
way ; Maitland C. Lamprey, of Con-
cord ; Carlos C. Davis, of Winches-
ter ; Daniel Ide, of Croydon ; George
W. McKellips, of Northumberland.
The problems which confronted
the convention as soon as it had as-
sembled were more important than
had come up since the early days
of statehood. Previous conventions,
since that of 1792, had grappled only
with questions which pertained to the
details of state government. The re-
duction of representation in the lower
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. n
branch of the legislature, which was The former provided that the mini-
the leading question for the consid- mum number should be 800 and the
eratiou of the convention of 1902, mean increasing number required
was of vital importance, any change for each subsequent representative
whatever affecting the fundamental should be 1,600, thus preserving
principles upon which the state was the ratio adopted by the convention
founded. Nineteen individual reso- of 1784. In addition to this the lo-
lutions upon this subject, each pre- cal option feature proposed by Mr.
senting a different view, were intro- Mitchell was included. Under this
duced into the convention. All, how- provision the house would be com-
ever, were modifications of two plans posed of 313 members. The report
— the district and the town systems, was signed by Hon. David Cross,
Hon. James O. Lyford presented a of Manchester; Hon. John W. San-
resolution embodying nearly all the born, of Wakefield ; Hon. James O.
features of the former, as used in Lyfoid, of Concord; Hon. John M.
Massachusetts. The supporters of Mitchell, of Concord ; Hon. Alfred
the town system introduced resolu- F. Howard, of Portsmouth ; Hon.
tions embracing almost every possi- Stephen S. Jewett, of Eaconia ; Hon.
ble modification from that giving a Edmund E. Truesdell, of Pembroke ;
representative to every town and Joseph Ouirin, of Manchester ; W. B.
ward in the state to that of Hon. Richardson, of Canaan; Wilber F.
John M. Mitchell, of Concord, which Parker, of Franconia ; and Charles
contained a provision allowing towns E. Philbrook, of Shelburne. The mi-
voluntarily to adopt the district plan, nority reported an amendment w T hich
Before the question had been dis- retained every feature of the present
cussed long, it was evident that the article of the constitution upon repre-
town plan was favored by a large sentation, with the exception of the
majority of the members and when a mean increasing number, which was
vote was finally taken in committee changed from 1,200 to 1,800, thus
of the whole, the convention favored making 2,400 instead of 1,800 the
the town system. It also voted that requisite number for a second repre-
in its opinion the house should have sentative. This report was signed
between 280 and 300 members ; and by Elmer E. Woodbury, of Wood-
that the minimum number required stock ; George E. Cochrane, of
for the first should be 600 and for Rochester ; George S. Peavey, of
the second such a number as would Greenfield; Horace N. Colbath, of
make the size of the house as pre- Barnstead ; Abraham M. Mitchell, of
viously decided upon. Acworth ; Daniel W. Rugg, of Sulli-
Upon being reported back to the van; Herbert O. Hadley, of Temple ;
convention the subject went to the and James M. Healey, of Raymond,
committee on legislative department When brought to a vote in the
with instructions to draw up an convention the majority report was
amendment embodying these fea- adopted and will go to the people
tures. After extended consideration for ratification. So important is this
a majority and a minority report suggested amendment that it is given
were submitted to the convention, below in full :
12
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Art. 9. There shall be, in the legislature of
this state, a representation of the people, bien-
nially elected, and founded upon principles of
equality ; and, in order that such representa-
tion may be as equal as circumstances will
admit, every town, or place entitled to town
privileges, and wards of cities, having eight
hundred inhabitants by the last general census
of the state, taken by authority of the United
States or of this state, may elect one represen-
tative ; if twenty-four hundred such inhabi-
tants, may elect two representatives ; and so
proceeding in that proportion, making sixteen
hundred such inhabitants, the mean increasing
number for any additional representative ; pro-
vided, that no town shall be divided or the
boundaries of the wards of any city so altered
as to increase the number of representatives to
which such town or city may be entitled by the
next preceding census ; and provided further,
that, to those towns and cities which since the
last census have been divided or had their
boundaries or ward lines changed, the general
court in session next before these amendments
shall take effect shall equitably apportion rep-
resentation in such manner that the number
shall not be greater than it would have been
had no such division or alteration been made.
Art. 10. Whenever ati3' town, place, or city
ward shall have less than eight hundred such
inhabitants, the general court shall authorize
such town, place, or ward to elect and send to
the general court a representative such propor-
tionate part of the time, in each period of ten
years, as the number of its inhabitants shall
bear to eight hundred ; but the general court
shall not authorize any such town, place, or
ward to elect and send such representative,
except as herein provided ; provided, that the
legislature may authorize contiguous towns, or
contiguous towns and wards having, respec-
tively, less than eight hundred inhabitants, but
whose inhabitants in the aggregate equal or
exceed eight hundred, to unite for the purpose
of electing a representative, if each town so
decides by major vote, at a meeting called for
the purpose ; and the votes of towns, thus
united, shall be cast, counted, returned, and
declared, as the votes for senators are cast,
counted, returned, and declared ; and the gov-
ernor shall, fourteen days before the first
Wednesday of each biennial session of the
legislature, issue his summons to such persons
as appear to be chosen representatives, by a
plurality of votes, to attend and take their
seats on that day.
In addition to the nineteen resolu-
tions on the subject of representation,
fifty-one others, upon various sub-
jects, were introduced. Among the
most important were those providing
for the establishment of more than
one polling place in towns and
wards ; for taxing the estates of de-
ceased persons ; for the submission of
amendments to the constitution to
the people by the legislature ; for the
prohibition of trusts ; for granting
the suffrage to women ; for remov-
ing all sectarian words from the Bill
of Rights ; for the appointment of
county solicitors by the courts ; for
extending the jurisdiction of police
courts ; for increasing the size of the
senate ; for the appointment of sher-
iffs ; for making the supreme and
superior courts permanent ; for pro-
hibiting free passes ; for establishing
the initiative and referendum ; for
the appointment of the commissary-
general b}' the governor ; for the
election of the secretary of state and
other officers by the people ; for the
prohibition of special legislation ; for
the prohibition of exemptions from
taxation ; for the election of a lieu-
tenant-governor ; for an educational
test for voting ; and for the election
of governor, senators, and other offi-
cers by plurality vote. From this
long list the convention selected but
eight amendments to send to the peo-
ple for ratification. One of them was
divided so that with the one referring
to representation in the house of rep-
resentatives the people will be called
upon to answer ten questions. They
are as follows :
I. Do you approve of requiring every person
in order to be a voter, or eligible to office, to
be able to read the constitution in the English
language and to write, the requirement not to
apply to any person who now has the right to
vote nor to any person who shall be sixty years
of age or upwards, on January 1, 1904, as pro-
posed in the amendment to the constitution?
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
13
II. Do you approve of the requirement that
captains and subalterns in the militia of the
state shall, before their nomination and ap-
pointment, be examined and found duly quali-
fied by an examining; board appointed by the
governor, as proposed in the amendment to
the constitution ?
III. Do you approve of striking out the words
"the commissary-general" from the require-
ment that the secretary of state and the state
treasurer and the commissary-general shall be
chosen by the legislature, as proposed in the
amendment to the constitution ?
IV. Do you approve of empowering the leg-
islature to impose taxes not only upon polls
and estates, but also upon other classes of
property, including franchises and property
when passing by will or inheritance, as pro-
posed in the amendment to the constitution ?
V. Do you approve of allowing the legisla-
lature to give police courts jurisdiction to try
and determine, subject to the respondent's
right of appeal and trial by jury, criminal
cases, wherein the punishment is less than
imprisonment in the state prison, as proposed
in the amendment to the constitution ?
VI. Do you approve of amending the Bill of
Rights by striking out the word "evangelical "
before the word "principles " and inserting the
word "Christian"' and striking out the word
"Protestant," before the words "teachers of
piety, religion, and morality," and striking out
the word " towns " in two places where the
legislature is empowered to authorize towns,
parishes, and religious societies "to support
and maintain teachers of religion and moral-
ity," and striking out the words "and ever3*
denomination of Christians " and inserting the
words "all religious sects and denominations,"
where equal protection of the law is assured, as
proposed in the amendment to the constitution ?
VII. Do you approve of striking out the word
" male " before the word " inhabitant," in the
clause which provides that every male inhabi-
tant, twenty-one years of age (within certain
exceptions) shall have a right to vote ; which
cause is supplemented by the existing provision
that every such person shall be considered an
inhabitant for the purpose of electing and be-
ing elected to office, as proposed in the amend-
ment to the constitution ?
VIII. Do you approve of granting the gen-
eral court all just powers possessed by the state
to enact laws to prevent the operation within
the state of all persons and associations, trusts,
and corporations, who endeavor to raise the
price of any article of commerce, or to destroy
free and fair competition in the trades and
industries through combination, conspiracy,
monopoly, or any other unfair means, as pro-
posed in the amendment to the constitution ?
IX. Do you approve of amending the pro-
vision as to representation in the house of rep-
resentatives by making 800 inhabitants neces-
sary to the election of one representative, and
2,400 inhabitants necessary for two representa-
tives ; with the proviso that a town or place
having less than Soo inhabitants may send a
representative a proportionate part of the time,
or that such towns, wards, and places, when
contiguous, may unite to elect a representative
if each town so decides by major vote, as pro-
posed in the amendment to the constitution ?
X. Do you approve of giving the legislature
authority to establish more than one place of
public meeting within the limits of each town
or ward in the state for the casting of votes and
the election of officers under the constitution,
and for that purpose, to divide any town or
ward into voting precincts, as proposed in the
amendment to the constitution ?
The work of the convention is now
in the hands of the people, who will
vote upon the several propositions on
the second Tuesday in March, 1903.
That the convention conscientiously
performed its duties is admitted by
all, and whether the people accept or
reject its recommendations, history
will accord to its members due credit.
It was only natural that the con-
vention should contain many of the
most distinguished men of the state.
When a change in the constitution is
contemplated the people approach the
matter with a sense of great responsi-
bility. Consequently, as soon as it
was learned that a convention was to
be held, search for the ablest men was
begun. It almost seemed that the
various towns and wards vied with
each other in the selection of their
most distinguished citizens. The
political parties laid aside partizan-
ship in some instances and supported
the same candidate. The result was
that when the list of delegates was
completed it was found that in nearly
every instance the best qualified citi-
zen had been sent from each primary
in the state. A general idea of the
14
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
convention may be gained from the
fact that among its members were an
ex-governor, an ex-chief justice of
the supreme court, an ex- senator,
two ex- congressmen, six former
speakers of the state house of repre-
sentatives, a United States district
judge, an associate justice of the su-
preme court of the state, the attor-
ney-general, the United States dis-
trict attorney, two former incumbents
of the same office, besides many other
men prominent in state affairs, as al-
ready pointed out in the columns of
the Granite Monthly. A gentle-
man who has, for a number of years,
seen the United States house of repre-
sentatives and many other legislative
bodies, after watching the proceed-
ings of the convention from the gal-
lery, pronounced it the ablest body
of men he had ever seen gathered to-
gether. The advanced age of the
members was a guarantee of their
wide experience. There were but
comparatively few men below middle
age, the average being, without
doubt, above five decades. So
marked was this characteristic of
the convention that there were none
who attended its sessions who could
not echo the sentiment of Colonel
Kent, when, in his remarks upon as-
suming the chair as temporary chair-
man, he said :
' It is natural that the people of
the state should send up to such a
grand council as is here assembled,
from among her best and wisest sons,
not young men chiefly, in the hey-
day of youth, with all the world be-
fore them from which to choose their
course, but grave men, who have
borne the burden of life's affairs,
who have seen illusions fade before
experiment, who desire of all things
to preserve as intact as changes of
environment will permit, that grand
charter of our liberties under which
our present well-being has been se-
cured."
PRESIDENT STREETER.
At the titular, and no less the
actual, head of the convention sat its
president, Gen. Frank S. Streeter, of
Concord, Vermont's by birth, but
New Hampshire's by training and
career and service. He was born in
Charleston, Vt., August 5, 1853, and
fitted for college at St. Johnsbury
academy. Entering Dartmouth as a
sophomore he graduated in that bril-
liant class of 1874, which has con-
tributed Congressmen McCall and
Powers to adorn Massachusetts' roll
of national legislators, and Chief Jus-
tice Parsons and Attorney-General
Eastman to the annals of New Hamp-
shire jurisprudence. For a short time
after his graduation Mr. Streeter pur-
sued the arts of the schoolmaster as
principal of the high school at Ottum-
wa, la., but he soon turned to what
he designed to be his life-work and
entered upon the study of the law at
Bath under the direction of the late
Chief Justice Alonzo P. Carpenter,
with whom he was later to sustain a
closer relation than that of pupil and
preceptor, through his marriage, No-
vember 14, 1877, to Judge Carpen-
ter's daughter. He was admitted to
the bar in March, 1877, and for six
months maintained an office at Ox-
ford. But the measure of his pow-
ers was larger than the field in which
he found himself, and in the fall of
1877 he removed to Concord and
formed a partnership with John H.
Albin, Esq., which lasted for nearly
two years. At the end of this
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
i5
time the law firm of Chase & Streeter
was formed, which was destined to
remain with unchanged personnel
for more than twelve years, which
has contributed two justices to the
supreme bench, and which to-day, as
Streeter & Hollis, stands at the head
of the legal profession in the state,
both in number of clients and impor-
tance of causes.
So far as Mr. Streeter's personal
connection with his profession is con-
cerned, it deals almost wholly with
those branches of practice arising in
corporation litigation and counseling ;
and he serves as general counsel such
broadly ramifying corporate bodies as
the Boston & Maine railroad, the
New England Telephone & Tele-
graph Co., and the Western Union
Telegraph Co., while his clients in
private affairs are hardly less impor-
tant proportionally in the extent and
value of their interests.
As he advanced to the front rank
among his professional associates in
New Hampshire so, almost pari
passu, has Mr. Streeter grown in
strength and influence among his
party associates. The slender record
of his public offices affords no inkling
of that commanding position in the
shaping and enforcing of party poli-
cies to which he has arrived ; and it
is safe to say that few others are ac-
corded a larger share of influence in
this regard than he. More often
concerned in advancing the political
fortunes of others than of himself, he
has accepted office only at the com-
pelling importunities of his constitu-
ents, and has yielded to them only to
the extent of representing his ward
in the legislature of 1885 and in this
constitutional convention of 1902, to
which latter post he was elected by
the votes of all parties. In 1892 he
presided over the Republican state
convention, which nominated Gov.
John B. Smith, and in 1896 he was
sent as delegate-at-large to the Na-
tional convention at St. L,ouis, where
he served on the committee on reso-
lutions, and was powerfully instru-
mental in securing the platform
declaration in favor of the gold
standard. In 1900 he declined a
proffered election to represent New
Hampshire on the Republican Na-
tional committee. For many years
he has been a member of the Repub-
lican State committee, and since
1896 he has represented Merrimack
county on the executive committee of
that body.
As an alumnus of Dartmouth Mr.
Streeter was instrumental in secur-
ing the adoption of the principle of
alumni representation on the institu-
tion's board of trustees, and he was
one of the first to be honored by his
fellows by an election to the board.
Soon after his election for a second
term, in 1897, he was transferred to
life membership in the board at the
express request of President Tucker,
who sought thus to recognize the
value of Mr. Streeter's labors in the
development of "the new Dart-
mouth" and to assure to the board
for many years to come the presence
of one who was thoroughly familiar
with that policy under which the col-
lege has, during the past ten years,
had the greatest expansion in the ex-
ternals and its finest expression in
the internals of American college
development both in potency and
sentiment.
This meager outline of a busy and
fruitful career affords no adequate
idea of the man except as it points
JUDGE EDGAR ALDRICH.
16 THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
clearly to those elements of purpose, tion more symmetrical and satisfac-
persistence, and power which form so tor}'. Among the labors of the entire
large a part in Mr. Streeter's charac- membership of a convention embrac-
ter. Cast in a large mold both physi- ing admittedly the best intellects of
cially and mentally, robust in mind the state it will be found that none
and body, tenacious in purpose, vig- has contributed more generously or
orous in action, bold, often to the more wisely to the results than the
point of audacity, in expedient, daily president. — George H. Moses.
increasing in command of self and
his fellows, Mr. Streeter is a typical
product of this strenuous age. He One of the most notable figures in
fights in the open. In his make-up the convention was Judge Edgar Al-
hypocrisy has no place. He scorns drich, of Littleton. His command-
sham, and to him the plainest of Anglo- ing presence, intimate knowledge of
Saxon derivatives are the fittest me- every subject which came before the
dium for the communication of ideas, assembled delegates, together with
for he never holds that language best the great esteem and confidence in
serves its purpose when it conceals which he was held, made him a
thought. Accordingly, he disclaims powerful factor. His opinions were
the graces of the orator. He deals sought upon all important matters
with facts, not with rhetorical fan- and were always received with great
cies. And yet, as witnessed by his interest. During the discussion of
address at the State convention of the trust question Judge Aldrich de-
1892, by his too infrequent appear- livered one of the ablest arguments
ances on the stump, by his published ever heard in Representatives' hall,
studies into the lives and policies of Having been well prepared for this
the men of blood and iron who have occasion through his wide experience
recast the map of modern Europe as a jurist he exerted a great influ-
and of the Dark continent, Mr. ence upon the final action, and to
Streeter has shown himself to be a him more than any other is due the
master of clear and lucid English de- fact that the convention took a firm
signed for the impressing of perma- stand for the rights of the people
nent ideas rather than for the mere against the encroachments of monop-
coloring of fading pictures. oly. Many complimentary remarks
In the chair of the convention he were heard on all sides regarding the
has developed new powers and has masterly manner in which he handled
shown himself a cool and deliberate the question.
parliamentary pilot while sacrificing Judge Aldrich is a native of New
nothing of expedition. His grasp of Hampshire, having been born in
the situation has gone beyond the Pittsburg, one of its most northerly
mere occupancy of the chair, and he towns, February 5, 1848, the son of
has been the center of a potent group Ephraim C. and Adeline B. (Haynes)
which has adjusted differences of Aldrich. His early education was
opinion, softened threatened asperi- received in the public schools, and at
ties, simplified procedure, and ren- Colebrook academy. Eater he pur-
dered the entire work of the conven- sued the study of law with Ira A.
HON. EDGAR ALDRICH.
G. M. — 2
i8
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONl'ENTION.
Ramsey and in the law department of
Michigan university, from which he
was graduated in 1868. In that year
he was admitted to the bar, and has
practised at Colebrook and Little-
ton.
Among the political positions which
he has held are solicitor of Coos
JUDGE DAVID CROSS.
The convention had an efficient
and able worker in the person of the
venerable Judge David Cross, of
Manchester, chairman of the commit-
tee on legislative department, before
which came the important questions
Hon. David Cross.
county and representative to the
legislature from Littleton in 1885, at
which time he was elected speaker.
He was nominated by President
Harrison to be judge of the United
vStates district court as the successor
of Judge Daniel Clark, of Manches-
ter, February 16, 1891. He has
since served with great distinction in
that important position.
pertaining to representation. Judge
Cross was born in Weare, July 5,
18 1 7. On his father's side he is a
descendant of parents and grand-
parents of Bradford, Mass., and on
his mother's side from parents and
grandparents of Pembroke. He was
graduated from Dartmouth college
in 1 84 1, and admitted to the bar in
Hillsborough county in 1844. From
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. 19
that time to the present he has been month college. He studied law in
engaged in the active practice of his the office of A. P. Carpenter at Bath,
profession in Manchester. He was a and was admitted to the bar in 1876.
member of the house of representa- In September of that year he began
tives from Manchester in 1848, 1849, the practice of his profession in Exe-
1S56, and 1876, and a member of the ter, becoming the partner of the late
constitutional convention in 1889. Gen. Gilman Marston. In 1876 he
He was judge of probate of Hills- was representative from the town of
borongh county from 1856 to 1874. Grantham, in the lower branch of
He is president of the First National the state legislature, and in 1889 was
bank, and vice-president of the Mer- a member of the state senate. He
rimack River Savings bank. He was county solicitor of Rockingham
has been the president of the Hills- county from 1 883-' 88. Upon the
borough County Bar for the past death of the Hon. Daniel Barnard,
twenty years or more, and was one of in 1892, Mr. Eastman was appointed
the founders and first president of the attorney-general of the state, and this
Southern New Hampshire Bar asso- position he still holds. Since 1876
ciation. In 1891 Dartmouth college he has been actively engaged in the
conferred upon him the honorary de- practice of his profession, and has
gree of L,E. D. He was married in taken part in the trial and disposal of
October, 1858, to Anna Quackenbush numerous leading and important civil
Eastman, daughter of Hon. Ira A. and criminal cases, among those of
Eastman. Of his three children, recent date being Collins v. New
Clarence Eastman died, January 1, Hampshire, in which the supreme
1 88 1, a member of the junior class in court of the United States sustained
Dartmouth college. His youngest the validity of the New Hampshire
son, Edward Winslow, graduated at law regarding the sale of oleomar-
Amherst college in 1897, and died in garine. For ten years past, Mr.
his second year at the Harvard Daw Eastman has been a member of the
school, in 1900. Allen Eastman, his committee appointed by the court to
second son, graduated at Amherst examine candidates for admission to
college in 1886, and is assistant pas- the bar. He is a director and vice-
tor with Rev. Dr. George A. Gordon president of the Exeter Banking Co.,
at the new Old South church in a trustee and vice-president of the
Boston. Union Five Cents Savings bank, a
director of the Exeter Manufacturing
HON. EDWIN G. EASTMAN. „. , . _ , . °
Co., and was a trustee of Robinson
Edwin Gamage Eastman, chairman seminary for fourteen years. In poli-
of the committee on future mode of tics he has always been an active Re-
amending the constitution and other publican.
proposed amendments, was born in Mr. Eastman has been twice mar-
Grantham, November 22, 1847, son ried. In 1877 to Ehna E. Dodge,
of William Henry and Paulina (Win- and 1885 to Morgieanna Follansby.
ter) Eastman. He was educated in He has one daughter by his first
the common schools of the town, at marriage, Helen May Eastman, and
Kimball Union academy, and Dart- by his second marriage one daugh-
20
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Hon. Edwin G. Eastman.
ter, Ella Follansby Eastman, and a
son, Edwin Winter Eastman.
HON. WILLIAM E. CHANDLER.
One of the most distinguished men
who sat in the convention was Hon.
William E. Chandler, the. venerable
ex-senator from this state. The peo-
ple of his Concord ward were fortu-
nate in being able to induce him to
accept this position as one of the
closing public services of his long
career. Seldom is a man found who,
after serving in the most responsible
places within the gift of the people,
is willing to give up the time, which
he is entitled to pass in quiet, for the
duties of a comparatively obscure
place. But Mr. Chandler, holding
the public welfare paramount to per-
sonal preferences, accepted a seat in
the convention, and his membership
was among the strongest factors that
contributed to the successful conduct
of its business. He was, undoubt-
edly, of wider experience in parlia-
mentary matters than any other man
on the floor, and was repeatedly con-
sulted by members who were in doubt
upon some knotty problem pertaining
to the method of procedure. His
most valuable services were, how-
ever, as chairman of the committee
on time and mode of submitting to
the people the amendments proposed
by the convention ; in the submission
of the anti- trust and an ti- free pass
resolutions, and in the discussions
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
21
which followed. It was in these two
subjects that he was especially inter-
ested, and he was much gratified at
the passing of the amendment pro-
hibiting trusts and other combina-
tions of capital in restraint of trade.
Senator Chandler is a native of
Concord, where he was born Decem-
ber 28, 1835. He received his edu-
cation in the public schools and later
at the Thetford, Vt., and Pembroke
academies. Deciding to make the
practice of law his life-work he en-
tered a law office in Concord and
later attended the Harvard Law
school.
His first political position, if, in
fact, it may be called such, was as
law reporter of the New Hampshire
supreme court, his work covering five
volumes of the printed reports. In
1862, 1863, and 1864 he was a mem-
ber of the legislature and twice served
as speaker. Jn the latter year he
was employed to prosecute the Phila-
delphia navy yard frauds, and so suc-
cessful was he that, March 9, 1865,
he was appointed first solicitor and
judge-advocate- general of the depart-
ment. A few months afterwards he
became assistant secretary of the
navy, but resigned in 1867 to resume
the practice of law. His next public
service was as a member of the con-
stitutional convention of 1876. On
March 23, 1881, he was nominated
by President Garfield for United
States solicitor-general, but was re-
jected by the senate, the vote being
practically on party lines. He served
in the state house of representatives
the same year, being especially inter-
ested in legislation upon bribery at
elections and the prohibition of free
passes upon the railways. April 7,
1882, he was appointed secretary of
the navy by President Arthur. His
services to the country in this posi-
tion were among the most valuable
of his entire public life. Among
those changes which he made in the
line of better service in the depart-
ment was the simplification and re-
duction of the unwieldly and extrava-
gant navy yard establishment, cur-
tailing of the number of officers in the
department and cutting down need-
less expense in repairing wooden ves-
sels. To him is due much credit for
his work in the establishment of a
more modern navy, the Chicago, the
Boston, the Atlanta, and the Dolphin
being constructed during his term of
office. It was also during this time
that the Greely relief expedition was
sent out under the command of Captain
Schley, afterwards the distinguished
admiral, Mr. Chandler being largely
instrumental in bringing it about.
March 7, 1885, his term as secretary
was brought to a close by a change
in the administration. But he was
not long to enjoy private life, for,
two years later, he was elected to fill
out the unexpired term of Senator
Austin F. Pike. The distinction
which he won in the highest legisla-
tive body in the land during his term
of service, which continued until
March 3, 1901, is too well known to
need expression here. Soon after
his retirement from the senate he
was made chairman of the Spanish
Treaty Claims Commission, a posi-
tion which he still holds.
HON. JOHN B. SMITH.
Among the most distinguished
men in the convention was Hon,
John Butler Smith of Hillsborough.
Mr. Smith was active in the work of
the convention, being faithful in at-
HON. JOHN B. SMITH.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
23
tendance and serving upon the com-
mittee on judicial department. Mr.
Smith was born at Saxton's River,
Vt., April 12, 1838, but when only
nine years of age his parents moved
to Hillsborough, where he has since
resided, and where he has attained
an enviable success in public and
private life. He received the cus-
tomary education in the public
schools of the town and later at-
tended the Francestown academy.
His education did not stop then,
however, for he has since acquired a
broad culture by careful observation,
study, and contact with the various
movements of the times. In 1894 he
received the degree of master of arts
from Dartmouth college. In 1S66
he began the manufacture of woolen
goods, which had been his father's
occupation, at Hillsborough Bridge,
and has built up a large business.
The concern is now known as the
Contoocook Mills Co., and at its
head stands Mr. Smith as its presi-
dent. The business which it con-
ducts employs 250 hands and has
stores in Boston and New York to
handle its finished product. Suc-
cessful as he has been in business,
Mr. Smith can point with even more
pride to his political career. Al-
though never a politician, in the
usual sense of the word, he has
been called upon to fill many posi-
tions of trust. In 1884 he was a
presidential elector on the Republi-
can ticket, and from 1S87 to 1889
represented the old fourth district
in the governor's council. In 1888
he was prominently mentioned for
the Republican gubernatorial nomi-
nation, but was defeated in the con-
vention by Hon. David H. Goodell,
of Antrim. Two years later he was
again mentioned but withdrew in
favor of Hon. Hiram A. Tuttle, of
Pittsfield, who seemed to Mr. Smith
to be the more logical candidate. In
1S92, however, his turn came, and
his commanding ability, integrity,
and public spirit won for him the
rare honor of a unanimous nomina-
tion. That was a trying year in the
councils of the Republican party, the
Democrats sweeping the country, but
in New Hampshire Mr. Smith re-
ceived a majority and served as gov-
ernor from 1893 to 1895. In 1884 he
was an alternate to the Republican
convention at Chicago, and in 1890
served his party as chairman of the
state central committee. He is an
active member of the Congregational
church, and is a vice-president of the
American Sunday-school union, of
the American Bible society, and of
the Home Market club of Boston.
In Masonry he has received the
thirty-second degree. Mrs. Smith,
formerly Miss Emma E. Lavender,
of Boston, is an amiable, loyal, intel-
ligent, and discreet Christian woman,
and has been a great assistance to
her husband in his public and pri-
vate life. Their oldest son died in
childhood. Their remaining chil-
dren are Archie and Norman, aged
respectively thirteen and ten years.
HOX. JAMES O. LVFORD.
No man came out of the conven-
tion with more credit than did Hon.
James O. Eyford, of Concord. When
he began his services in the assembly
he was attached to a principle, of the
importance and justice of which he
was fully convinced. The district
system of representation, as sug-
gested in his resolution, was the one
thing which, above all others, he de-
24
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Hon. Jam°s 0. Lyford
sired to see adopted. On the floor of
the convention, where he was one
of the most ready debaters, and in
private conferences, Mr. Lyford sup-
ported his favorite idea. But when
it became apparent that the delegates
were against him no man could have
yielded to the will of the majority
more gracefully than did he. Mr.
L,yford is one of the few men whom
Massachusetts has given to New
Hampshire, he having been born in
Boston, June 28, 1853. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of Boston,
and at the New Hampshire Confer-
ence seminary at Tilton. He read
law with Sanborn & Clark, of Con-
cord, and was admitted to the bar in
1880. He then located at Tilton,
where he practised for two years.
Among the political positions which
he filled previous to his membership
in this convention were delegate to
the constitutional convention of 1876 ;
bank commissioner, i887-'95, the last
six years serving as chairman of the
board ; city auditor of Concord, 1896-
'98 ; and member of the legislature
from Ward 4, Concord, 1893, 1895,
and 1897. In the house he led the
majority in all the important contests
which occurred during his member-
ship. He was appointed naval officer
of the port of Boston in 1898 by
President McKinley, and again in
1902 by President Roosevelt. From
1 882-' 87, he was personal clerk to
Gen. R. N. Batchelder, U. S. A.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
25
Hon. Alfred F. Howard.
Mr. Lyford was at one time one of
the editors of the Evening Monitor of
Concord, and has been an occasional
contributor to that and other papers
for a long time.
HON. ALFRED F. HOWARD.
It is all too seldom that the suc-
cessful business man enters public
life. The cares of great financial in-
terests usually so engross the atten-
tion of those in whose charge they
are placed that other interests are
crowded out. An exception to this
was found in the membership of
Hon. Alfred F. Howard, of Ports-
mouth, in the constitutional conven-
tion. While originally a lawyer by
profession he is now preeminently a
business man, having served as sec-
retary of the Granite State Fire In-
surance company since its organiza-
tion in 1885, and being a director of
the New Hampshire National bank
of Portsmouth, director of the Ports-
mouth Trust and Guaranty Co., and
a trustee of the Piscataquis Savings
bank of the same city. Mr. Howard
was born in Marlow, February 16,
1842, and after attending the public
schools and Marlow academy he was
graduated from the New Hampshire
Conference seminary at Tilton in
1864. He then studied law with
Hon. W. H. H. Allen, of Newport,
and was admitted to the bar four
years later. For some years he was
a practitioner in Portsmouth and
26
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
served as city solicitor in i869-'7i.
He was deputy collector of customs
i870-'7i, and collector of customs
during the next twelve years. Mr.
Howard has been a lifelong Repub-
lican. He is a Mason and a mem-
ber of DeWitt Clinton commandery,
Knights Templar, of Portsmouth.
was one of the most active of all tbe
members, and his strong and logical
presentation of whatever cause he
espoused availed much on the floor
of the convention. He served on the
committee on time and mode of sub-
mitting to the people the amend-
ments agreed to by the convention.
Hon. James A Edgerly.
During the past ten years he has
been chairman of the board of war-
dens of the North Congregational
church of that city.
HON. JAMES A. EDGERLY.
The distinguished criminal lawyer,
Hon. James A. Edgerly, held a seat
in the convention, representing Ward
i of Somersworlh. Mr. Edgerly
He is a native of the Granite state,
and is one of its most loyal citizens.
Nothing appeals to him more than
her honorable record in history and
the sturdy character of her sons.
He is greatly interested in the his-
tory of the state and, undoubtedly,
has the finest collection of engrav-
ings, autographs, and historical
works pertaining to the subject in
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
27
existence. He was born in Wolfe-
borough, where he was educated in
the public schools and at Wolfe-
borough and Tuftonborough acad-
emy. Removing to Somersworth at
the age of twenty years, he engaged
in teaching for a time and afterward
studied law with the late William J.
Copeland, with whom he formed a
partnership after being admitted to
practice. In politics he is a staunch
Republican, and has at various times
been called upon by the people to
serve in places of honor. In 1895 he
represented the twelfth district in the
senate. He was a representative in
the legislature in 1883, 1885, and
1901. In the first instance he was a
member of the judiciary committee,
and in 1885 chairman of the com-
mittee on railroads. In the legisla-
ture of 1901 he was again a member
of the judiciary committee and acted
as its chairman during the absence
of the regular chairman, Hon. A. T.
Batchelder, of Keene. Mr. Edgerly
is best known, however, as a crimi-
nal lawyer. He has been counsel for
the defense in fifteen murder trials,
including some of the most famous in
this and neighboring states in recent
years.
COL. HENRY O. KENT.
Among the leading members of the
minority party in the state who were
accorded a seat in the convention
was Col. Henry O. Kent, of Lancas-
ter. Colonel Kent was interested in
and took a prominent part in all the
proceedings of the body. Scarcely a
question arose in the discussion of
which the eloquent and honored gen-
tleman from the "North Country"
did not participate with great profit
to the convention. To go into the
details of Colonel Kent's long and
successful public life would require
more space than the limits of this
article would allow. But this would
seem unnecessary as there is not a
township in the state where he is not
known to almost every school boy.
Born at Lancaster, February 7, 1834,
he found his way from the district
schools of his native town to the
Lancaster academy and then to Nor-
wich university, from which he was
graduated in 1854. He studied law
with Hon. Jacob Benton, and was
admitted to practice four years later.
In politics he has held many posi-
tions, including assistant clerk of the
house of representatives, 1855-1856;
clerk, 1857-1860; member of that
body in 1862, 1868, and 1869 as a
Republican, and, 1883, as a Demo-
crat; presidential elector, 1864; state
senator, 1884; naval officer of the
port of Boston, 1886 to 1890, and
bank commissioner, 1866 to 1868.
In 1893 Colonel Kent was invited by
President Cleveland to assume the
position of assistant secretary of war,
but on account of a serious injury
received by his son, Henry P. Kent,
he was unable to leave home. He
has been called upon many times to
lead his party in political campaigns,
having been twice its candidate for
governor, and three times its candi-
date for congress. His war record is
an honorable one, as is attested by
the special act of congress, July 2r,
1892, which recognized his great ser-
vices to his country.
HON. CYRUS H. LITTLE.
As a presiding officer New Hamp-
shire has seen but few men in recent
years who were the equals of Hon.
Cyrus Harvey Little, of Manchester.
28
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
In the convention he did excellent
service when called upon to direct
the course of debate as chairman of
the committee of the whole. On the
floor he was no less efficient, being
ready in debate aud logical in argu-
ment. Mr. Little comes of one of
the oldest and most respected families
Manchester, and in the Boston Uni-
versity Law school. Upon being ad-
mitted to the bar he opened an office
in Manchester and at once took a
prominent place among the members
of his profession in that city. In poli-
tics Mr. Little is a Republican, and
has been influential in the councils of
Hon. Cyrus H. Little.
in Merrimack county. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of Sutton,
his native town, and prepared for
Bates college at the New Hampton
Literary institution. In 1884 he
was graduated from Bates, receiving
the A. B. degree. After being in
mercantile life for several years he
studied law with Hon. James F.
Briggs and Hon. Oliver E. Branch, of
the party and on the stump. From
1 885-' 89, he served on the school
board of Sutton, and in 1896 he was
chosen a member of the house of rep-
resentatives from Ward 3, Manches-
ter. During the session of the fol-
lowing year he was active in that
body, serving as a member of the
committees on judiciary and journal
of the house. Two years later, at
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
29
the session of 1899, he was a member
of the committees on judiciaiy, na-
tional affairs and rules. At the ses-
sion of 1901 he was the unanimous
choice of his party for speaker.
Having received the election, he
made an enviable record in that posi-
tion, a fact which is fresh in the
cutive department. Although he has
been active in politics, it is mainly in
the practice of his profession that he
is known. The law firm, Drew,
Jordan & Buckley, of which he is
the senior member, is well known
throughout New England, the other
members of the firm being Hon.
Hon. Irving W. Drew.
minds of all who are familiar with
public affairs in the state during the
past few years.
HON. IRVING W. DREW.
Hon. Irving Webster Drew, of
Lancaster, was one of the ablest and
best-known members of the conven-
tion, serving as a member of the
committee on bill of rights and exe-
Chester B. Jordan, the present gov-
ernor of New Hampshire, and Gen-
eral William P. Buckley.
Mr. Drew was born at Colebrook,
New Hampshire, January 8, 1845.
He was graduated from Dartmouth
college in the class of 1870, and has
since received the degree of A. M.
In November, 1871, he was admitted
to the bar and immediately began
3Q
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
the practice of law at Lancaster. He
was a member of the state senate in
1883. In politics, he is now a Repub-
lican, but until 1896 acted with the
Democrats. As a delegate to the
Democratic National convention of
1896, he earnestly opposed the
"Chicago platform," and was one of
the body of delegates that formally
withdrew from the convention after
its adoption. He is a Knight Tem-
plar and an Odd Fellow. He takes
a loyal interest in the Protestant
Episcopal church, schools, and other
progressive public works of his town
and state. Mr. Drew married Caro-
line Hatch Merrill. They have three
children, two sons and a daughter.
Hon. George E. Bales.
HON. GEORGE E. BALES.
The town of Wilton sent to the
convention its best-known citizen and
only lawyer, Hon. George E. Bales.
He is a native of that town hav-
ing been born there, September 14,
1862. He was educated in the public
schools, Francestown academy, Phil-
lips Exeter academy, at Harvard
university, where he took a special
course, and at the Boston University
L,aw school, from which he was grad-
uated in the class of 1888. He has
served two terms in the legislature,
being a member of the judiciary com-
mittee in each, and has been town
treasurer, member of the school board,
and moderator. Mr. Bales is a Dem-
ocrat and has been for a number of
years active in the councils of the
party. In 1896 he was a member of
the National convention, and at the
last election he was the candidate of
the party for congress against Hon.
Frank D. Currier. He is a Mason,
being a member of Clinton lodge of
Wilton, King Solomon chapter of
Milford, Israel Hunt council and St.
George commandery of Nashua. He
is also a member of Laurel lodge of
Odd Fellows, and has been grand
patron of the grand chapter of the
Eastern Star. He attends the Uni-
tarian church.
HON. JAMES F. BRIGGS.
Hon. James F. Briggs, a member
of the convention from Manchester,
was born in Bury, Lancashire, Eng-
land, but when he was only two
years old his parents moved to Ash-
land, where he passed his early days.
In addition to the education received
in the public schools, he studied at
Newbury, Vt., and at Tilton semi-
nary. Having read law with several
well known attorneys of the state, he
was admitted to practice in 185 1. In
1857-1858, and 1859 he served as
a member of the legislature from
Hillsborough. When the war broke
out he volunteered his services and
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
3i
Hon. James F. Briggs.
afterwards rose to the lank of quar-
termaster of New Hampshire volun-
teers. In 1874 he was again a mem-
ber of the house of representatives
from Manchester, and in 1876 of the
constitutional convention. A year
later he was nominated for congress-
man, a position which he held three
terms, being elected by increasing
majorities each time. Since that
time he has served three terms in
the legislature, being speaker of the
house in 1897. Since 1871 he has
practised law in Manchester except
when his public duties demanded his
attention. He is also interested in a
number of banking and other finan-
cial institutions in that city.
ELMER E. WOODBURY.
One of the more active members of
the convention was Elmer E. Wood-
bury, member from Woodstock,
where he was born, February 27,
1865. Mr. Woodbury was especially
interested in all matters pertaining
to representation in the legislature.
His resolution upon this subject was
the first to be introduced, and was
made the basis of much of the discus-
sion which ensued.
Mr. Woodbury was educated in the
public schools of his native town and
at Franconia. At an early age he
went to Concord, where he resided
about ten years. In the spring of
1895 he removed to his native town,
where he has since made his home.
He has served his town as clerk for
two years, and is a member of the
school board at the present time.
He is much interested in the de-
velopment and encouragement of the
rural districts, and has contributed
much to papers and magazines upon
the subject. Many will remember
him as "Justus Conrad," the pen
name under which his articles have
appeared. He is a firm friend of the
Old Home Week, and is vice-presi-
dent of the association for Grafton
32
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Hon. Cnanning Folsom.
county. In the convention he was a
member of the committee on legisla-
tive department, before which man)'
important measures were brought.
HON. CHANNING FOLSOM.
Dover sent to the convention Chan-
ning Folsom, superintendent of pub-
lic instruction for New Hampshire, a
man whom that city always delights
to honor. Mr. Folsom is not a na-
tive of Dover, having been born in
Newmarket, June i, 1848, but he
has devoted many years to the
schools of that city and is everywhere
counted a Dover man. He first went
there in 1874 to become principal of
the Belknap grammar school, after
having taught at Sandwich, Mass.,
Amesbury, Mass., and Portsmouth.
He remained three years, at the ex-
piration of which time he became a
teacher in the Eliot school, Boston.
Five years later he returned to Dover
as superintendent of schools, a posi-
tion which he held until his field of
labor was broadened by Governor
Ramsdell in 1S98, through his ap-
pointment to his present position.
He has since been re- appointed by
Governor Rollins and by Governor
Jordan. Mr. Folsom entered Dart-
mouth with the class of 1870, but on
account of weak eyes was forced to
leave at the close of his sophomore
year. Since that time he has been
given his diploma in course, and in
1885 his alma mater conferred upon
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Hon. Edwin F. Jones.
him the degree of A. M. Mr. Fol-
som is greatly interested in secret so-
cieties. In Masonry he has received
the thirty-second degree, and was for
three years master of Israel Paul
lodge of Dover. He is a member of
Dover grange, and was its first mas-
ter. He is also a member of several
other organizations. In 1870 he
married Miss Ruth Savage of New-
market. They have five children.
HON. EDWIN P. JONES.
Edwin F. Jones, of Manchester,
took a prominent part in the proceed-
ings of the convention. In the de-
bates he was listened to with much
interest and received many compli-
ments upon the excellent manner in
G. M.- 3
which he presided over the commit-
tee of the whole. Mr. Jones is a
Manchester man in every sense of
the word, having been born there
April 19, 1859, and having been for
nineteen years in the practice of law
in that city. He is now a member of
the firm of Brown, Jones & Warren.
He was educated in the public
schools of the city and graduated
from Dartmouth college in the class
of 1880. The year following his
graduation he was elected assistant
clerk of the house of representatives.
Two years later he became clerk,
and in 1885 was reelected. He has
been treasurer of Hillsborough coun-
ty, and was for twelve years city
solicitor of Manchester, finally de-
34
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
dining reelection. He is a Knight
Templar and an Odd Fellow. He
married Nora F. Kennard of Man-
chester, December 21, 1887, and
their only child, Rebecca, died Oc-
tober 26, 1902. Mr. Jones has. been
one of the most active Republicans in
the state. From 1880 to 1900 he was
on the stump in every election and
did efficient work. In September,
1900, he was called upon to act as
chairman of the state convention of
his party, and presided with dignity
and grace. None can deny that
should he desire to obtain political
preferment still further, there is a
brilliant future before him.
HON. ALFRED R. EVANS.
Hon. Alfred R. Evans.
Alfred Randall Evans, of Gorham,
was born in Shelburne, March 21,
1849, son of Otis Evans and Martha
D. (Piukham) Evans. His great-
grandfather served under Washing-
ton at Cambridge, and his mother's
father, Capt. Daniel Piukham, built
the Pinkham Notch road in the
White Mountains. He attended the
common schools, Lancaster academy,
Nichols Latin school, connected with
Bates college, Lewiston, Me., and
was graduated from Dartmouth col-
lege in the class of 1872. In April,
1875, he was admitted to the Coos
County bar, and has practised in
Gorham since. He was a member of
the New Hampshire legislature from
Shelburne in 1874, 1S75, and 1878.
He was chosen president of the Ber-
lin National bank, the first national
bank organized in New Hampshire
on the Androscoggin river, upon its
organization, February 18, 1891, and
held the office until his resignation
after ten years of service. On Janu-
ary 1, 1895, he was appointed judge
of probate for Coos count)', which
office he still holds. He was nomi-
nated by both political parties, and
received every ballot cast for delegate
to the constitutional convention of
1902. He is now president of the
Gorham Five Cent Savings bank at
Gorham, an honorary member of the
New Hampshire Veterans' associa-
tion, and a member of the New
Hampshire club of Boston. He at-
tends the Congregational church, and
is a thirty-second degree Mason. In
politics he is a Republican. June 1,
1880, he was married to Dora J.
Briggs.
JESSE M. BARTON.
Although one of the youngest
members of the convention, Jesse M.
Barton, of Newport, was one of the
most prominent. Mr. Barton made a
strong fight for the town system of
representation in the legislature, and
was one of those who favored keeping
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
35
the minimum number of inhabitants
required for the first representative at
600. To him is due a great deal of
credit for his labors, in behalf of the
system and its supporters will, un-
doubtedly, remember his efforts. Mr.
Barton is a self-made young man, hav-
ing worked his way through Kimball
Union academy and Dartmouth col-
lege, from which he was graduated
in the class of 1892. This he ac-
complished largely by teaching. Af-
Jesse M. Barton.
ter graduation he continued to teach,
holding a position as principal of the
Simonds Free High school at Warner.
While teaching he took up the study
of law and later attended the Boston
University Law school. After being
admitted to the bar he opened an
office at Newport, his native town,
and has built up a very lucrative
business, considering the short time
he has been in practice. Mr. Bar-
ton is a stalwart Republican, and is
a Mason.
JOSEPH MADDEN.
Joseph Madden was one of the
members of the minority party in the
state who had seats in the conven-
tion. He was a delegate from Ward
5, Keene, in which city he has a law
office and is enjoying a rapidly in-
creasing practise. Mr. Madden is a
New Yorker by birth, his native
town being Central Bridge, where
he was born July 1, 1866. He was
educated at the Keene High school.
He studied law in the office of Don
H. Woodward of that city, and was
admitted to the bar March 13, 1899.
In 1 901 he was elected a member of
the city council and at the last elec-
tion was chosen a delegate to the
constitutional convention. In that
body he served as a member of the
committee on bill of rights and exe-
cutive department, and was one of
the few men who were honored by
being called to the chair to preside
in committee of the whole.
Joseph Madden.
36
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
HON. SAMUEL W. EMERY.
Hon. Samuel \V. Emery, of Ports-
mouth, was born in that city, March
30, 1S63, and has for a long time
been prominent in municipal affairs
and in Rockingham county politics.
He was admitted to the New Hamp-
shire bar in April, 1884, and has
built up a large and lucrative prac-
tise, largely corporation business.
Although he has always persistently
board of water commissioners, hav-
ing been elected May 10, 1901. He
has been senior warden and worship-
ful master of Evening Star lodge,
No. 37, A. F. & A. M., and was for
several years worthy patron of the
order of the Eastern Star connected
with that bod}'.
HENRY F. DORR.
Henry F. Dorr, a well-known hotel
keeper and lumberman of Sandwich,
Hon. Samuel W. Emery.
refused to become a candidate for
public office, the people of the city
have many times showed their con-
fidence in his integrity and ability by
electing him to positions of trust.
The year following his admission to
the bar he was elected city solicitor.
He was reelected in 1886, 1887, 18S8,
and 1890. From 1887 to 1891 he
was count)' solicitor of Rockingham
count}'. Since December, 1894, he
has been judge of the municipal
court. He is now a member of the
Henry F. Dorr.
was a member of the convention.
Mr. Dorr has been proprietor of the
Sandwich house for years. Some
time ago he purchased the Asquam,
the popular hostelry located on Shep-
ard hill in Holderness. Since his
purchase the house has enjoyed an
excellent patronage from a high class
of summer visitors. Mr. Dorr has
been a lifelong resident of Sandwich,
where he was born, November 5,
1852. Although affiliated with the
Democratic party, which has been in
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
37
the minority in the town during the
greater part of the time, he has been
an office holder almost continually
since 1S91. In that year he was
elected a member of the board of
selectmen. He was reelected in 1892,
1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1898, and
1902. He represented his town in
the legislatures of 1S97 and 1899, and
was accorded an election to the con-
stitutional convention without oppo-
sition. In fraternal circles he is a
Mason, an Odd Fellow, and a mem-
ber of the Grange. For some years
he has been interested in real estate,
having purchased more than one
hundred thousand acres of timber
land now owned by the White Moun-
tain Paper Co.
EDWIN BURBANK PIKE.
Among the public-spirited citizens
of New Hampshire, Edwin Burbank
Pike, of Pike Station, in the town
of Haverhill, holds a leading place.
Mr. Pike is one of that class of men
who have risen from the ranks to a
commanding position in the business
w 7 orld, his success coming from con-
tinuous hard work coupled with
natural abilities of a high order. He
received the usual common school
education and for a few terms at-
tended the Haverhill and Newbury,
Vt., academies, but at the age of
eighteen years he volunteered his
services and was assigned to the
supply and railroad department of
the Union army in the War of the
Rebellion, where he passed the fol-
lowing two years, thus cutting off his
opportunities for further academic
training. After the war he was en-
gaged as a commercial traveler for
some years, but he became satisfied
that there were great opportunities
in the manufacture of scythe stones.
His brother, A. F. Pike, was already
in this business, and the two asso-
ciated themselves together under the
firm name of the A. F. Pike Mfg. Co.
In 1889, owing to changes and addi-
tions to the business, the Pike Manu-
facturing Co. was incorporated, and
in 1891 E. B. Pike became its presi-
dent, which position he has filled
since. At the present time the com-
pany practically owns the village of
Edwin B. Pike.
Pike Station, besides many thousand
acres of wood and timber land in that
vicinity. The concern has, in addi-
tion to the central plant, a mill at
Littleton and another at Evansville,
Vt., a large mill and other real estate
at Hot Springs, Ark., with ware-
houses, quarries, and timberlands in
Indiana, Ohio, Massachusetts, New
York, Belgium, Germany, Austria,
Scotland, and other European coun-
tries. It has agencies in all parts of
Europe as well as in this country
38
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
and practically controls the entire
business of the world in this line.
Mr. Pike is a member of the Haver-
hill Congregational church, the New
Hampshire Historical society, the
Merchants' and Manufacturers' club
of Philadelphia, vice-president of
the National Association of Manu-
facturers of the United States, a
member of the American Hardware
Manufacturers' association, the Hard-
ware club of New York city, and of
the Patrons of Husband^.
HON. DANIEL J. DALEY.
Daniel James Daley, of Berlin, was
born in Lancaster, January 27, 1858.
He attended the common schools of
HOL
f
Daniel J. Daley.
his native town and subsequently had
the advantage of an academical train-
ing. At the age of twenty-two he
began the study of law, pursuing his
legal studies until March, 1885, when
he was admitted to the bar. He im-
mediately established himself at Ber-
lin, practising alone until February
1, 1 89 1, when he formed a partner-
ship with Herbert I. Goss, with
whom he is still associated. In
1882, Mr. Daley was a member of
the board of supervisors of Lancas-
ter, and in 1883 was chairman of
that board. In 1 886-' 87 he served
as town treasurer of Berlin and sub-
sequently served several years as
moderator. In 1888 he was nomi-
nated for county solicitor for Coos
county, and was elected by a large
majority. He was nominated to suc-
ceed himself in 1890 and elected,
running ahead of his ticket. Owing
to the press of other business he de-
clined a renomination in 1892. In
politics Mr. Dale}'' is a Democrat.
He is president of the Peoples Build-
ing and Loan association, a position
which he has held since the organi-
zation of the association eleven years
ago. He is a director and president
of the Berlin Heights Addition Land
Co., and for a great many years has
been a director in and president of
the Berlin Water Co. He was one
of the promoters of the Berlin Street
Railway corporation, and until re-
cently a director in and president of
that corporation, and also is now a
director of the Northern Electric Co.
of Auburn, Me. He has been a di-
rector and president of the Groveton
National bank and of the Berlin Na-
tional bank. To the energy and per-
severance of Mr. Daley is due the
construction and equipment in Ber-
lin in 1896 of one of the largest shoe
factories in New England. He was
a member of the committee to secure
and draft the city charter of Berlin
and has for the past three 5'ears been
one of its councilmen. In November
he was elected to the constitutional
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
39
convention being the candidate of
both the Democratic and the Repub-
lican parties.
HON. TYLER WESTGATE.
Tyler Westgate was born in En-
field, December 2, 1843. His great-
Hon. Tyler Westgate
grandfather, John Westgate, came
from Rhode Island to Plainfield,
about 1778. Nathaniel W. West-
gate, father of the subject of this
sketch, was educated at Kimball
Union academy and admitted to the
bar at Newport in 1827. He settled
at Enfield, where he practised suc-
cessfully for thirty years. He was
appointed register of probate in 1856,
at which time he removed to Haver-
hill. Eater he succeeded Nathaniel
S. Berry as judge of probate, when
the latter became governor in 1861.
He married Eouise Tyler, a daughter
of Austin Tyler of Claremont, and
granddaughter of Col. Benjamin Ty-
ler of Wallingford, Conn. Tyler
Westgate received his education at
the Haverhill and Kimball Union
academies, and was graduated from
the latter in 1864. He was assistant
clerk of the supreme court of Grafton
county from April n, 1865, to April
1, 1 87 1, and register of probate from
April 7, 1871, to July, 1874, and
again from August, 1876, to June,
1879. In 1 876-' 77 he was clerk of
the New Hampshire senate. He
was postmaster at Haverhill from
i88i-'85, and was again made regis-
ter of probate in July, 1889, holding
the office until 1890, when he was
made judge of probate, a position
which he still holds. He w r as a dele-
gate from Haverhill to the constitu-
tional convention of 1902, his name
appearing on both the Republican
and Democratic tickets.
HON. JASON H. DUDLEY.
Hon. Jason H. Dudley, delegate
from Colebrook, is a native of Han-
over, where he was born November
24, 1842. He attended the common
schools of that town and studied
with private tutors until 1858, when
he entered the Chandler Scientific
school. In the following year he
became a student at Dartmouth col-
lege from which he was graduated in
the class of 1862. For several years
after graduation he was engaged in
teaching, first as principal of the
Colebrook academy, and later as
principal of Phillips academy, Dan-
ville, Vt., and at the academy at
West Randolph, Vt. While teach-
ing he studied law and upon being
admitted to the bar in 1867 began
the practice of his profession at Cole-
brook, where he has been located
ever since and where he has enjoyed
an extensive business. His first
4Q
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
political office was that of town clerk
in 1869. He continued to hold the
position during the two following
years, at the expiration of which he
was made superintendent of schools,
holding the position for three years.
He was county solicitor from 187S to
1888, and representative to the legis-
lature in 1889. In 1 89 1 he was sena-
tor from District No. 1, and had an
excellent record in that body. He
Hon. Jason H. Dudley.
has been a trustee of the State Nor-
mal school and the New Hampshire
Agricultural college. He is an Odd
Fellow and a Knight of Pythias.
For thirty years he has been chair-
man of the board of trustees of Cole-
brook academy, and is a trustee of
Colebrook Guaranty Savings bank.
CAPT. ARTHl'R THOMPSON.
Capt. Arthur Thompson, delegate
from Warner, is a veteran of two
wars, the great Rebellion and the
Spanish war. It is hardly necessary
in this sketch to relate all the facts
regarding his eventful career, inas-
much as they are well known to the
people of New Hampshire. Mr.
Thompson was born in Warner,
June 24, 1844. On his mother's side
he is of one of the oldest and most
favorably known families in this
country and Europe. He traces his
ancestry in this line back to Adam
Bartelott, who was at the battle of
Hastings with William the Con-
queror in 1066, and whose faithful-
ness and bravery w r as recognized by
the king, a large estate in Essex
being conferred upon him after the
conquest. Of the same family was
Sir Walter Bartelott, recently a mem-
ber of the English parliament, and
Major Bartelott, who was with Stan-
ley on his expedition into Central
Africa and laid down his life there in
the interest of the advancement of
knowledge of that wild country. On
this side of the Atlantic, Josiah Bart-
lett, who was one of the signers of
the Declaration of Independence and
the first president of New Hamp-
shire after the Revolution, is also a
member of the same family. Mr.
Thompson's great-grandfather, Sim-
eon Bartlett, was a brother of the
latter, and served as chairman of
the New Hampshire Committee of
Safety during the Revolution. Mr.
Thompson has been a manufacturer
and merchant in Warner for many
years, and has been interested in
manufacturing in other states. He
has never sought political office, but
has served as a member of the school
board of his town, member of the
board of supervisors and chairman of
the board of selectmen. When a
young man he enlisted in the Union
army and served through the war,
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
4i
occupying many responsible places.
Mr. Thompson was appointed cap-
tain and assistant quartermaster of
volunteers by President McKinley in
May, 1898, and served as chief quar-
termaster, Second division, First
Army Corps, and was later selected
from the large number of quartermas-
their states and to Cuba the entire
army at Chickamauga. L,ater by di-
rection of the secretary of war Cap-
tain Thompson was in charge of the
transports, Slier man, Sheridan, and
Terry, taking the latter to Cuba,
where he served five months. Re-
turning to Warner in 1S99, he re-
Capt. Arthur Thompson.
ters at Chickamauga to take charge
of the great depot of supplies at that
point. He held this position for four
months, having over a million dollars
in government supplies and funds in
his hands and at one time over ten
thousand animals in his corrals. He
furnished railroad transportation to
their homes to six thousand conval-
escent soldiers, besides shipping to
constructed and enlarged a building,
which he owned in that town, for a
summer hotel of fifty rooms, naming
it the Colonial Inn. The hotel has
been filled to overflowing the past
four seasons, and is one of the most
successful summer hotels in New
Hampshire. As a member of the
convention Captain Thompson intro-
duced the resolution to strike the
42
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
word " male" from the constitution,
thus giving the right of suffrage to
women. The resolution was adopted
by a large majority, and will be sub-
mitted to the people for their action.
REV. DAVID H. EVANS.
Rev. David H. Evans, delegate
from North Hampton, was born at
Rev. David H. Evans.
Little Falls, N. Y., in 1869. He
was educated at the Little Falls high
school, Phillips Andover academy,
Williams college, where he gradu-
ated in the class of 1890, and at the
Yale University Divinity school.
For four years after leaving college
he taught, being an instructor in
Latin and Greek one year at Low-
ville (N. Y.) seminary, one year at
the New York Military institute at
Cornwall-on-the-Hudsou, and two
years at the Canandaigua Boys'
academy. In 1898 he was installed
as minister of the Congregational
church at North Hampton, where he
has since remained, although he has
had several flattering invitations to
go elsewhere. At the solicitation of
the Democratic party he became its
candidate for delegate to the consti-
tutional convention and was elected,
this being the only public office he
has ever held. In 1898 Mr. Evans
married Cornelia Cobb Draper of
Canandaigua, N. Y. At present he
is secretary of the Piscataqua Con-
gregational club.
MAJOR FRANK W. RUSSELL.
Major Frank Webster Russell, of
Plymouth, held a seat in the conven-
Major Frank W. Russell.
tion, it being his first political office.
Major Russell has long been inter-
ested in military affairs. In 1868,
when twenty- one years of age, he was
graduated from the United States
Military academy at West Point.
From the date of his graduation to
1872 he served in the Sixth United
vStates Cavalry as second lieutenant.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONl'ENTION.
43
From 1 884-' 89 he was a member of
the New Hampshire National guard,
and also from 1898 to the present
time. At the breaking out of the
Spanish War he enlisted in the First
regiment, New Hampshire Volun-
teer Infantry, and, July 2, 1898, he
was made major. He was mustered
out of the service October 31, 1898.
Two of his sons were with him in
this regiment during the war. The
eldest, William W., was a private
and quartermaster-sergeant of Co. K,
regimental sergeant-major and sec-
ond lieutenant of Co. A, and has
also served an enlistment of three
years in the New Hampshire Na-
tional Guard. Another ^on, George
M., is now a second lieutenant in the
Fourteenth United States Cavalry.
Major Russell is interested in a gen-
eral merchandise business at Ply-
mouth, the firm name being Web-
ster, Russell & Co. He is a Repub-
lican. He has been a Mason since
1897, and has attained the Scottish
Rite degrees. He attends the Con-
gregational church.
GEORGE A. WORCESTER.
George A. Worcester, who was a
member of the convention from Mil-
ford, was born in Greenland, June 5,
1852. In 1865 he entered the em-
ploy of David Heald of Milford, the
well-known furniture manufacturer.
He continued in the employ of Mr.
Heald for a period of more than
twenty-five years, retiring in 1890.
For the past few years he has de-
voted what time he could spare from
his many official duties to the electri-
cal business. From his youth he
has been connected with the Baptist
church. He served as clerk of the
church at Milford for ten years, and
for the past seventeen years has been
clerk of the Milford Baptist asso-
ciation, which consists of eighteen
churches of that denomination in the
southern part of the state. He is
also a trustee, and was, for the past
two years, president of the New
Hampshire Baptist convention. Ever
interested in the welfare of his town
George A. Worcester.
he was one of the promoters of the
Milford Improvement society. He
was also one of the first to make a
move in the matter of having a his-
tory of the town published and as-
sisted greatly in the work. He was
secretary of the committee having
the celebration of the centennial of
the town in charge. He is a mem-
ber of the New Hampshire Histori-
cal society and of the Sons of the
American Revolution. In 1892 he
was elected a member of the board of
of selectmen, serving two years at
that time. He was again elected in
1896, and still holds the position.
44
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
THOMAS F. JOHNSON.
From Colebrook came Thomas F.
Johnson, one of the leading lawyers
of Coos county, where he holds the
respect of the entire populace. Mr.
Johnson cannot be called a politician,
Thomas F. Johnson.
for he never seeks political prefer-
ment. Although a strong Republi-
can he has never asked for favors
from that party. He was promi-
nently mentioned for a judgeship on
the supreme bench a few years ago,
and a petition circulated in his be-
half received the signature of every
business man in his town, both con-
gressmen, fifteen out of the twenty-
four state senators, all the members
of the legislature from his county,
and the greater proportion of the
members of the bar, a fact which
was very gratifying to him, as well it
might be. Mr. Johnson was born in
Pittsburg in 1848. In his early days
he had a hard struggle against ill
health and limited finances, but suc-
ceeded in fitting himself for college
at Colebrook academy, and would
have entered at the age of twenty-
three had it not been for a severe
attack of pneumonia which ren-
dered it impossible for him to at-
tend a higher institution of learning.
Shortly afterwards he went West,
where he studied law and was ad-
mitted to the bar. Upon his return
East, in 1875, he took up the prac-
tice of his profession at Colebrook.
He has been for many years a mem-
ber of the school board of that town,
and is president of Colebrook Guar-
anty Savings bank. He has been
senior warden and worshipful master
of Evening Star lodge, F. & A. M.
GEORGE I. MC ALUSTER.
George I. McAllister, a son of
Jonathan and Caroline (Choate) Mc-
Allister, was born in Londonderry,
December 11, 1853 ; was a student at
Pinkertou academy, Derry ; gradu-
ated from Kimball Union academy at
Meriden in 1873 and from the Chand-
ler Scientific department of Dart-
mouth college in 1S77; studied law
with Hon. David Cross and Hon.
Henry E. Burnham ; was admitted
to the bar in 1881, and has since
practised his profession in Manches-
ter, where he resides. He was a
partner of Judge Burnham for about
three years. Hon. Calvin Page ap-
pointed him a deputy collector of in-
ternal revenue on November 1, 1885,
and he performed the duties of that
office until December 1, 1889.
He was a Democrat until the presi-
dential campaign of 1896, when he
disagreed with the majority of the
Democratic party on the silver issue,
and has since been a Republican.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
45
Mr. McAllister is a great reader of
books and magazines, and has deliv-
ered addresses on many public oc-
casions.
He has been grand master of the
Grand Lodge of Free Masons, and
grand commander of the Grand Com-
maudery of Knights Templar in this
state ; has received the thirty-third
degree in the Supreme Council of the
Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of
the Northern Masonic jurisdiction ;
is a trustee of the Masonic home,
and is a member of Oak Hill lodge
of Odd Fellows, Security lodge An-
cient Order of United Workmen,
Manchester Historic association, and
George I. McAllister.
the Manchester Institute of Arts and
Sciences.
He married Mattie M., daughter
of Hon. John M. and Susan E.
Hayes, December 22, 18S6, and has
two children, Bertha Hayes McAllis-
ter and Harold Cleveland McAllis-
ter.
GEORGE E. FAIRBANKS.
George E. Fairbanks, delegate
from the town of Cornish, was one
of the active workers in the interest
of the town system of representation,
believing it for the interest of the
George E. Fairbanks.
state that the towns should hold their
present influence in the legislature,
and be independent of each other in
choosing their representatives. He
preferred, however, to do his w r ork in
a quiet but no less effective manner.
Mr. Fairbanks was born in Cornish,
December 18, 1854, and has always
been an active worker for what he
considered the interest of his town.
He was appointed postmaster at
South Cornish, April 15, 1878, a
position which he has held ever
since. He is an active Granger, be-
ing overseer of Cornish grange, a
member of Sullivan County Pomona
grange, the New Hampshire State
grange, and the National grange.
4 6
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
He is a justice of the peace and does
considerable business in that line.
He was elected moderator of the
Cornish school district in 1895 and
of the town in 1898 and still holds
both positions. He is at the present
time a member of the board of health
and a library trustee. Mr. Fairbanks
is a merchant doing a good business,
ence was felt throughout the entire
time the convention was in session,
but more especially during the dis-
cussion of the subject of representa-
tion, in which he took a prominent
part, being one of those who favored
the town system. He was a member
of the committee on judicial depart-
ment. Mr. Hamblett stands in the
Hon. Charles J. Hamblett.
and is quite extensively engaged in
the manufacture of cider vinegar.
HON. CHARLES J. HAMBLETT.
Hon. Charles J. Hamblett of
Nashua, who holds the responsible
position of United States district at-
torney for New Hampshire, was a
member of the delegation from the
second city. Mr. Hamblett's influ-
front rank at the present time among
the lawyers of the state. Possessing
commanding abilities, he promises to
become still more prominent as the
years go by, and those who know
him best predict for him a brilliant
future. He is a Nashua man not
only in sentiment and by residence,
but by birth. A part of his early
life was, however, passed at Milford,
where he studied at the high school
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
47
and where he read law in the office
of Hon. Robert M. Wallace. He
was graduated from Francestown
academy in 1883 and from Boston
University Law school in 18S9. He
opened an office at Nashua soon af-
ter, and has since built up an excel-
lent practice. Shortly after he was
admitted to the bar he was elected
city solicitor, and was reelected in
1 89 1, 1892, and 1S93. He served as
messenger of the New Hampshire
senate in 1883 and 1885, as assistant
clerk in 1887 and 1889, and as clerk
in 1891 and 1893. In March, 1898,
he was appointed United States dis-
trict attorney by President McKin-
ley, and has served in that capacity
with ability from March 16 of that
year to the present time.
GEORGE R. STONE.
George R. Stone, delegate from
Franklin, was born in Andover, May
16, 1843. Mr. Stone attended the
New Hampton Literary institution,
and was graduated from Dartmouth
college, with the degree of A. B., in
the class of 1869. He studied law,
was admitted to the bar, and has,
during the past twenty-five years,
been in practice at Franklin. In
1870 he was chosen superintendent
of schools in Andover, and in 1884
he was elected a member of the
board of education at Franklin and
served seven years, being chairman
of the board three years. He was
elected treasurer of Merrimack coun-
ty in 1886 and reelected the follow-
ing year. In the house of represen-
tatives of 1899 he was a member of
the judiciary committee. In politics
he has always been a Democrat. He
was the candidate of that party for
councilor in the Fourth district in
1894, and its candidate for senator in
the Sixth district in 1896, but, the
district being strongly Republican,
he was defeated, although he ran
ahead of his ticket in every town and
ward. Mr. Stone is a Royal Arch
Mason and is, at the present time,
master of Meridian lodge of Frank-
lin. He was married, January 6,
George R. Stone.
1875, to Miss Ella M. Chandler of
Waterville, Me.
HON. STEPHEN S. JEWETT.
Few young men of New Hampshire
have had a more successful career
than has Hon. Stephen S. Jewett, who
was a member of the constitutional
convention from Laconia. Mr. Jewett
has been a successful lawyer and one
of the most prominent politicians in
the state for a number of years. He
was born in that part of Gilford now
included in the city of Laconia, Sep-
4 8
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONTENTION.
tember 18, 1858, and was educated
in the public schools, by private
tutoring, and in the office of Hon.
Charles F. Stone, where he pursued
his legal studies. At the age of
twenty years he was prepared to take
the bar examination, but the law re-
quiring a man to have attained his
city, and state committees, becoming
a member of the latter in 1884. He
was secretary of the state committee
in 1890, and chairman in 1892 and
1894. In the latter capacity he was
largely instrumental in saving the
state to the Republican party when
New Hampshire was rightly placed
Hon. Stephen S. Jewett.
majority before taking this examina-
tion he was not allowed the privilege.
One year later, however, he went be-
fore the examiners and was admitted
to the bar. He is now a member of
the firm of Jewett & Plummer, which
has an excellent line of clients in the
city on the lake. Mr. Jewett has
always been greatly interested in
politics. He has served on the town,
in the doubtful column. Mr. Jewett
served two terms as assistant clerk
and two terms as clerk of the house
of representatives. In 1894 he was
elected to the legislature, and was
chosen speaker, in which position
he won new laurels. He has since
served as a member of the state sen-
ate, and has been much talked of as
a candidate for congress.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
49
HON. TRUE L. NORRIS.
Hon. True L. Norris, editor and
proprietor of the Portsmouth Times
and one of the best-known newspaper
men in the state, was a member of
the convention from Portsmouth. Mr.
Norris was called to the chair to pre-
pared for Harvard college, but in-
stead of entering that institution he
enlisted in the Union army at the
age of sixteen years, and served dur-
ing the war. At the close of the war
he studied law and was admitted to
the Massachusetts bar in 1868. He
practised successfully in Boston,
Hon. True L. Norris.
side in the committee of the whole
during the consideration of one of
the most important questions which
came before the convention, and ac-
quitted himself with credit. He was
a member of the committee on time
and mode of submitting to the people
the amendments proposed by the con-
vention. Mr. Norris is a native of
Manchester. In his youth he pre-
Washington, and Concord, but in
1882 retired from this profession to
take up newspaper work. He has
been a voluminous writer for many
of the dailies, and in 1888 became
editor of the Times. Under Mr.
Norris as editor and owner that pa-
per has enjoyed an excellent period
of prosperity, being a strong factor in
New Hampshire journalism and poli-
5o
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
tics. Mr. Norris has been a lifelong
Democrat, and has not only voted
but used his every opportunity to
build up the party in the state and
nation. In 1896 he was chosen the
New Hampshire member of the Dem-
ocratic national committee, and is
still serving in that capacity. He
was elected a member of Governor
John B. Smith's council in 1892, but
resigned a year later to accept the
position of collector of customs for
the district of New Hampshire, which
position was offered to him by Presi-
dent Cleveland.
HON. GEORGE E. MIEEER.
Hon. George E. Miller, delegate
from Pembroke, was born in Deer-
Hon. George E. Miller.
field, October 30, 1850, and was edu-
cated in the public schools and the
Manchester Business college. He
has been engaged in business at
Suncook during the past twenty-
four years as a member of the firm of
Simpson, Miller & Co. He was a
member of the house of represen-
tatives in 1897. In 1S99 he was
elected to the senate, in which body
he had a good record for sound judg-
ment and devotion to the public wel-
fare. In politics he is a Republican.
He is an Odd Fellow, a Mason,
a Knight Templar, and a Mystic
Shriner. He is a member of the
New Hampshire club, and attends
the Methodist church. He has been
twice married, his present wife hav-
ing been Miss Nellie Jones of Wo-
burn, Mass. He served on the com-
mittee on mileage in the convention.
EDWARD C. NILES.
One of the most active of the
younger members of the convention
was Edward C. Niles of the law firm
of Sargent, Niles & Morrill, Con-
cord. He introduced the amendment
designed to make permanent the su-
preme and superior courts, as at
present organized, and was one of
the most faithful supporters of that
measure. Mr. Niles is a son of
Bishop and Mrs. W. W. Niles. and
was born March 28, 1865, at Hart-
ford, Conn. He was educated in the
public and private schools of Con-
cord, at St. Paul's school, and at
Trinity college, from which he was
graduated in 1887. He studied law
in the office of Chase & Streeter,
Concord, one year, and completed his
law studies at Harvard University
Eaw school, graduating in 1892, and
being at once admitted to the bar.
He began practise at Berlin and con-
tinued there until 1896 when he went
to Concord and has remained there
since. He was a member of the
school board and town clerk in the
former place, and he served in the
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
5i
common council of Concord since enjoying an occasional term of
taking up his residence there. He school. He finally went to New
is now a member of the Concord Hampton where he attended the
board of aldermen. In college he academy in that town and fitted for
was a member of the Psi Upsilon college. He entered the class of
fraternity, and had the distinction 1863, Dartmouth college, but in
Edward C. Niles.
also of making Phi Beta Kappa. He
is a Mason and belongs to the Uni-
versity club and the Wonolancet club
of Concord. He is also a member of
the Protestant Episcopal church in
that city.
MAITLAND C. LAMPREY.
Few men took a more active in-
terest in the work of the convention
or weighed the problems coming be-
fore that body more carefully than
did Maitland C. L,amprey of Con-
cord. Mr. Lamprey has been a
teacher by profession but has now
retired from the active pursuit of that
work and has taken up his residence
in the Capital city. He was born in
Groton, September 30, 1S38, and
passed his early days in farm work,
Maitland C. Lamprey.
1862 was suddenly informed that his
brother, who was then serving an
enlistment in the Union army, had
been fatally wounded. Immediately
he decided to volunteer his services
and left college with the intention of
enlisting in the same company and
regiment of which his brother had
been a member. Circumstances pre-
vented his carrying this out to the
letter, but he did enlist and went
immediately to the front. He saw
fighting at Butte a. la Rose and at
the siege and capture of Port Hud-
son. But the southern swamps and
climate were too much for his health
and he was forced to return to his
home in Concord. Since recovering
his health sufficiently he has taught
in Ohio, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, New
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Rosecrans W. Pillsbury.
Hampshire, and Massachusetts, for
sometime filling the chair of lan-
guages at the Normal school at Em-
poria, Kansas, and being principal
of the academy at South Berwick,
Maine.
ROSECRANS W. PILLSBURY.
In the- constitutional convention of
1889 the youngest member was Rose-
crans W. Pillsbury of Londonderry.
Thirteen years later he again repre-
sented his town in a similar capac-
ity, this time with an increase in
efficiency commensurate with his
broader experience in public affairs.
Since that time he has risen to a
position among the best known busi-
ness men and most active politicians
in the state. Mr. Pillsbury is still a
young man, not yet having reached
his fortieth year. He is a native of
Londonderry, which has always been
his home. His education was ob-
tained at Pinkerton academy, Dart-
mouth college, and finally at the
Boston University Law school. He
was admitted to the bar in 1S91, and
practised for four years. Business,
however, was more congenial, and he
turned his attention to shoe manu-
facturing in which he had had some
experience, his father being one of
the leaders in this line in the state.
He is now in partnership with his
father, the firm name being W. S. &
R. W. Pillsbury. In politics Mr.
Pillsbury is a Republican, and he
has been influential in party affairs
both in the town and in the state.
Immediately upon attaining his ma-
jority he was elected moderator, and
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
53
has served in that capacity ever
since. In 1897 he was chosen a
member of the legislature, and so
well pleased were his constituents
with his record that he was returned
in 1S79. He was a candidate for
speaker before the Republican cau-
cus that year but was defeated by
Hon. Frank D. Currier of Canaan,
the present congressman from the
second district. Mr. Pillsbury is
largely interested in agriculture, a
fact which has led to his appoint-
ment to the board of trustees of the
New Hampshire Agricultural col-
lege. Mr. Pillsbury is a Mason, be-
ing a member of the Blue lodge,
the consistory, and the commandery.
He is also a Patron of Husbandry.
He is prominent among shoe manu-
facturers, and is vice-president of
the Shoe & Leather club of Boston.
He is director of the Manchester
National bank. In 1885 Mr. Pills-
bury married Annie E., daughter of
Horace P. Watts, of Manchester.
They have two daughters and a son,
the elder daughter, Maud, being a
student at Abbott academy, Ando-
ver.
HON. IRA A. CHASE.
Hon. Ira A. Chase, delegate from
Bristol, is a native of that town, hav-
ing been born there, March 25, 1854.
He attended the public schools of the
town and fitted for college at New
Hampton Literary institution, gradu-
ating in the class of 1872. Attend-
ing Dartmouth he was graduated
with the class of 1877. He read law
in the office of Hon. Lewis W. Fling,
of Bristol, and was admitted to prac-
tice in 188 1. He has been a member
of the Bristol board of education, and
has held other town offices. He was
chosen assistant clerk of the senate
in 1883, and was advanced to the
clerkship in 1885, being reelected in
1889. In 1897 he was sent to the
legislature from Bristol and served as
chairman of the committee on re-
vision of the statutes, and took a very
prominent part in legislation. In
1 90 1 he was a member of the senate
from the third district and was promi-
nently mentioned for president of that
body. He was chairman of the com-
Hon. Ira A. Chase.
mittee on revision of the statutes and
served upon other prominent commit-
tees. Mr. Chase is prominent in
Masonry, having been an officer of
the grand lodge. He is also a
Knight of Pythias and a member of
the Grange.
HON. CHARLES C. ROGERS.
Vermont has contributed many
strong men to public life in New
Hampshire. Among them is Hon.
Charles C. Rogers, who served in the
54
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
convention from Tilton. Mr. Rogers Union district, Tilton. He was so-
was born in Bloomfield, Vt., August licitor for Belknap county for six
19, 1834, and passed his early days years, and has been town treasurer.
on a farm. He attended the com- In politics he has been for a long
mon schools and later enjoyed an time identified with the Democratic
academic training at Colebrook acad- party.
HON. DAVID M. ADDRICH.
/* *&.
Charles C. Rogers.
emy, at the Derby (Vt.) academy,
and at Tilton seminary. At Derby
he was a schoolmate of Bishop
W. W. Niles and the late Ben Steele
of Vermont. He read law with B. A.
Rogers, who is now a clergyman at
Houston, Tex. In 1858 he was ad-
mitted to the New Hampshire bar.
Since that time he has been a prac-
titioner at Tilton (formerly Sanborn-
ton Bridge) and is one of the most
highly esteemed citizens of that town.
He has been a justice of the peace
since 1857. He served as superin-
tending school committee for San-
bornton before Tilton was set off
from that town, and since that time
he has been for many years a mem-
ber of the board of education in
Hon. David M. Aldrich, delegate
from Whitefield, was born in that
town, April 27, 1835, and has for
rnanj' years been one of the most
prominent men in that section of the
county. His education was obtained
in the public schools of the town.
Hon. David M. Aldrich.
His townsmen have honored him
with many positions of trust includ-
ing moderator, selectman, and col-
lector of taxes. He has served as
county commissioner for Coos county
and in 1 883-' 84 he was a member
of the governor's council. The mem-
bers of this council are all living at
the present time, a distinction en-
joyed by none of the official families
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
55
of the governors previous to that date
and but few since. Hon. Amos C.
Chase, of Kingston, who was one of
Mr. Aldrich's colleages at that time,
served in the convention with him.
Mr. Aldrich is an ardent Democrat
and has been prominent in the coun-
cils of that party. He is one of the
oldest Masons in the state, having
become a member of the order April
27, 1S5S. He is a member of the
Grange, and is a liberal in religion.
He is married and has six children.
HON. E. B. S. SANBORN.
Hon. E. B. S. Sanborn was one of
the Franklin delegation in the consti-
tutional convention, serving on the
committee on judicial department.
The Franklin delegation also in-
cluded ex-Chief Justice Blodgett,
Hon. Edward G. Eeach, Hon.
George R. Stone, and Omar A.
Towne, one of the editors of the
Franklin Transcript, making it one
of the ablest from any city in the
state. Mr. Sanborn is a lawyer,
with an office in Franklin, where he
enjoys an excellent and remunera-
tive practice. He is an effective ad-
vocate at the bar, and his deep
knowledge of jurisprudence coupled
with his close touch with men and
affairs render him an able counselor.
He was born at Canterbury, August
n, 1833, and, like many other New
Hampshire men of note, was educated
at Dartmouth college, from which he
was graduated in the class of 1855.
Having read law with Hon. George
W. Nesmith, one of the best known
lawyers in the state at that time, he
was admitted to the bar in 1857. In
politics he is a Democrat, and is one
of the most prominent members of
the party in the state. He has
served on the board of railroad com-
missioners for a number of years, be-
ing one of its most efficient members.
He has had a wide legislative experi-
ence, having been in the legislatures
of 1873, 1874, 1879, 18S1, 1883, 1889,
Hon. Edward B. S. Sanborn.
and 1 89 1. At all these sessions he
served on an important committee.
He has been a member of the board
of education in Franklin, and was at
one time a trustee of the State Nor-
mal school.
ALVIN F. WENTWORTH.
Alvin F. Went worth, one of the
delegates from Plymouth, was born
in Moultonborough, June 6, 1S67.
He was educated in the public
schools of that town and was grad-
uated from the New Hampton Lit-
erary institution in the class of 1889.
He studied law with Hon. Ellery A.
Hibbard of Daconia, and, later, in
the law department of the University
of Michigan, graduating in the class
56
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
Alvin F. Wentworth.
of 1892. He was admitted to the
bar in that state the same year and
in 1893 to the New Hampshire bar.
In July, 1893, he opened an office at
Plymouth and now enjoys an excel-
lent business. He has been a mem-
ber of the Plymouth board of edu-
cation during the past nine years.
In 1898 and 1902 he was the Demo-
cratic candidate for solicitor of Graf-
ton county, but the county being
strongly Republican he was defeated.
He is a member of Olive Branch
lodge, F. & A. M., of Plymouth, of
Pilgrim commandery, K. T., of L,aeo-
nia, and of the Patrons of Hus-
bandry. He was married in Septem-
ber, 1896, to Miss Blanche M.
Plaisted of Ashland.
GEORGE W. CLYDE.
George W. Clyde represented the
town of Hudson in the convention.
Mr. Clyde was especially interested
in the initiative and referendum, and
introduced an amendment providing
for its establishment. Mr. Clyde has
been a resident of Hudson for the
most of the time since he was two
years of age. He is now thirty-
seven years old ; received his educa-
tion in the schools of Hudson and
McGaw institute, Reed's Ferry,
Manchester Business college, Dean
academy, and the Boston University
Law school, from which he was
graduated in 1894. He was admit-
ted to the bar in the spring of 1895,
and since that time has been in active
practice of the law with an office in
Nashua. He has been justice of the
Hudson police court since its estab-
lishment in 1896. In that capacity
he has had occasion to examine into
many phases of criminal procedure.
He has served six years as a member
of the Hudson school board, and
been active in all matters pertaining
to the growth and prosperity of the
town. He was prominently men-
tioned for the nomination for county
George W. Clyde.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
57
Hon. John S. H. Fnnk.
solicitor at the last election. He is a
member of the Hudson lodge of Odd
Fellows, the Hudson grange, and a
member of the Nashua board of trade.
He is a Republican, and attends the
Methodist church.
HON. JOHN S. H. FRINK.
Hon. John Samuel Hatch Frink was
chosen a delegate to the convention
from Greenland. L,ike many of the
other able men in that body he was
supported at the polls by both parties.
Much to the regret of all he was pre-
vented from being present by reason
of illness until the last two days of
the session. When he did appear
his reception by the members of the
convention was a warm and cordial
one. On account of the feeble con-
dition of his health Mr. Frink was
unable to take any active part in the
deliberations of the convention, thus
unfortunately depriving the state of
his mature judgment, wide experi-
ence, and commanding abilities.
53
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
George W. Stone.
GEORGE W. STONE.
George W. Stone, of Andover, is
one of the best known and most
popular men in the Democratic party
in the state. Being one of the most
genial of men, his party, and, in fact,
the people never fail to honor him
whenever they have an opportunity,
knowing that in whatever position he
is placed he will serve with credit.
Mr. Stone was born in Plymouth,
November n, 1857, but has lived in
Andover since i860. He was edu-
cated at Colby academy, New Lon-
don, graduating in 1874, and at
Dartmouth college, from which he
was graduated in 1878. He received
his diploma from the law department
of Boston university in 1882, and was
immediately admitted to the bar.
He began practice in 1883 as partner
of Hon. John M. Shirley, and con-
tinued with him until Mr. Shirle)'' , s
death in 1887. Since that time he
has carried on the business by him-
self, enjoying an excellent practice.
Mr. Stone was superintendent of
schools in 1879 and 1880, and was on
the board of education under the new
school law for three years, 1 886-' 88.
He was a member of the house of
representatives in 1885, and served
on the important committee on judi-
ciary. He was also a member of the
committee of three that reported the
valued policy insurance law. He
was reelected to the legislature in
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
59
1887, and again served on the judi-
ciary committee. At this session he
was nominated as the Democratic
candidate for speaker, which made
him leader of the minority in the
house. Mr. Stone is a member of
Kearsarge lodge, No. 81, A. F. &
A. M., of Andover.
.SECRETARY MADIGAN.
Major Thomas H. Madigau, of Con-
cord, was chosen secretary of the con-
vention by a complimentary and de-
cisive vote, and through the some-
what protracted session performed
Thomas H. Madigan, Jr.
the duties of the office with efficiency
and ability. Major Madigan was
born in Westfield, Mass., June 29,
1872, and was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Cohoes, N. Y., the Me-
chanicsville (N. Y.) academy, Troy
Business college, and in private
schools. For some time, subsequent
to leaving school, he was associated
in business with his father, Thomas
H. Madigan, a prominent contractor,
and was identified with the building
of several prominent railroads in the
state. Deciding to take up the pro-
fession of law he entered the office of
E. C. Niles at Berlin as a student,
and continued and completed his
studies with Sargent, Hollis & Niles
at Concord. He was admitted to the
bar March 17, 1899, and has since
practised in Concord. Major Madi-
gan has taken an active interest in
military affairs, and on May 26,
1899, was commissioned judge-advo-
cate of the New Hamoshire National
Guard, with the rank of major, and
still holds that office. In politics
Major Madigan has always been an
active and enthusiastic Democrat.
He was elected secretary of the
Democratic State committee in 1900,
and again in 1902, and in the admin-
istration of the affairs of his office,
through the two terms, manifested
distinguished political and executive
ability.
L. Ashton Tnorp.
6o
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION.
LOUIS ASHTON THORP.
The subject of this sketch, assist-
ant secretary of the constitutional
convention, was born in Manchester,
December 7, 1876. He received his
early education in the public schools
of that city, and began the study of
law in the office of Burnham, Brown
& Warren at Manchester. Subse-
quently he entered the Boston Uni-
versity Law school, remaining two
years, and was graduated from that
institution in June last. Mr. Thorp
was admitted to the New Hampshire
bar in June, 1902, and is now prac-
tising his profession at Manchester.
In politics he is a pronounced Re-
publican, and for several 3 7 ears past
has appeared upon the stump for that
party in different sections of the state,
and has also achieved a reputation
upon the lecture platform.
In the session of the legislature for
1899 he was elected messenger of the
senate, and was assistant clerk of
that body in 190 1. At the present ses-
sion he was unanimously reelected to
the same position.
SERGEANT- AT- ARMS EAW.
The genial John K. Law, of New
London, served as sergeant-at-arms
of the convention as he did in the
house of representatives of 1901, and
is serving in the present house. Mr.
Law was born at Franklin, August
12, 1836. In his childhood his
parents moved to Lowell, Mass.,
where he was educated in the public
schools. In 1859 he went to Deer-
field, from which town he enlisted in
the Eleventh New Hampshire Vol-
unteers as a sergeant. He served in
this regiment in the Army of the Po-
tomac under McClellan, Burnside,
and Hooker, two years, and was dis-
charged in 1864 for disability. He
saw fighting at the bloody battles of
Sulphur Springs and Fredericksburg
during his enlistment. After the
war he was town clerk at Deerfield
two years, and later returned to
Lowell, where he was engaged in
setting up machinery. From 1872-
'76 he was in business at Webster as
a manufacturer of leather board. In
John K. Law.
the latter year he moved to New
London, where he has since lived,
being engaged as a farmer, summer
boarding-house keeper, auctioneer,
and justice of the peace. He has
been moderator at New London
thirty-four times, and was chosen at
the last election for another term of
two years. He served as a member
of the board of selectmen four years,
being its chairman one year. In
1879 he served as a member of the
general court. In secret society cir-
cles he is quite prominent. He is a
THE OLD HILLSBOROUGH CHURCH.
61
member of King Solomon lodge, Anthony Colby post of the same
No. 14, A. F. & A. M., of New place. He has served two terms as
London, having served two years commander of the latter organization,
as master, and of Sullivan com- He is a member of the Republican
mandery, K. T., of Claremont. He State committee and well known
is also a member of Heidelberg lodge, from one end of the state to the
I. O. O. F., of New London, and of other.
THE OLD HILLSBOROUGH CHURCH.
By Dana Smith Temple.
Its pews are now vacant. The bell has ceased ringing.
It stands by the wayside, deserted and lone,
And under its rooftree no choir is now singing,
And in the deep silence the pines sadly moan.
For years it has stood, through the storm and the sunlight ;
For years was the gospel expounded to all ;
Now the winter winds sigh through its aisles in the midnight,
And neglect and decay are foretelling its fall.
The peal of that bell on a bright Sunday morning
Was a song in the hearts where its memories dwell ;
But we listen in vain for its message and warning ;
We hear not the chimes of the " Old Church Bell."
It has stood by the wayside (how long is uncertain),
Unmindful of passers ; it drifts to decay ;
Yet we trust that the future will raise the dark curtain,
And save thee, Old Landmark, forever and aye.
THE FIRST AMERICAN LEGISLATURE.
By George Bancroft Griffith.
HE individual, political,
and social life of early
Virginia is very inter-
esting. As early as
1622 plans were formu-
lated for a high school, which was to
lead up to a university. When the
London company perished, the men
at the head of this enterprise were
removed from control of Virginia's
affairs, and it was not until seventy
years later that William and Mary
college, after Harvard, the oldest
college in the United States, was
founded. It should not, however,
be forgotten that the men who
founded Virginia showed equal fore-
sight and intelligence with those
who founded Massachusetts, and that
William and Mary college, when es-
tablished in 1692, was but the reali-
zation of the plans formed in 1622.
It is well, also, to remember, as Dr.
Fiske pertinently says, that the zeal
for liberty was not confined to the
Puritans. There were men in Vir-
ginia, who, to a devotion to the
church of England, joined the politi-
cal principles of Pym and the philoso-
phy of Locke.
Massachusetts drew a valuable les-
son from the fate of the London com-
pany, and removed its company to
America, where it became trans-
formed from a commercial organiza-
tion to a self-governing republic.
Difficulty of access was its safe-
guard. Had it remained in Eng-
land it would not have survived
through five years.
With the fall of the company Vir-
ginia secured the measure of self-
government which Massachusetts en-
joyed after 1692. James did not in-
tend this, and was engaged in draw-
ing up a constitution for the colony
when death interrupted his work.
Charles I desired to secure a
monopoly of tobacco as one means
of freeing himself from dependence
on his parliament for money, but he
got very little help in this direction
from the colonial government, or
rather, legislature. He distinctly
recognized the House of Burgesses
as a co-ordinate branch of the colo-
nial government, but afterward
showed no friendly spirit to the
body.
The spirit of the colony was such
that sooner or later free government
would have come under any circum-
stances. Hutchinson, the New Eng-
land historian, speaks of a House of
Burgesses " breaking out in Virginia
in 1619," as if an incurable virus of
liberty were in the blood of its
people.
Most interesting is Dr. John Fiske's
description of the sittings of the As-
sembly of Virginia, the first legisla-
tive body in the new world, and he
has mentioned two of its acts as
memorable evidences of its spirit.
One declared, by unanimous vote,
that the governor could lay no taxes
on the people except by authority of
the General Assembly.
The other punished its secretary,
Edward Sharpless, with the pillory
and the loss of half an ear, for show-
ing the records of the Assembly to
the king's officers after the Assembly
had, by vote, refused to permit it.
THE COED.
By C. C. Lord.
In the brisk morn, the urchin takes
The path to pleasure ; ardor thrills
Through all his veins, and, blushing, breaks
Full in his face, in zest that fills
His being, bold
His course to hold,
Nor reck the blast that makes the cold.
At the sharp noon, the goodman lays
The wood with care, and sits to test
The well-spread board before the blaze,
And gives the skillful hint, expressed
Of prudence old,
So often told,
To check the draft that makes the cold.
In the dim night, the gray-head seeks
The couch for rest and, with his hand
Upon his breast, his comfort speaks,
For promise of the summer-land
Where joys enfold,
While tissues mold,
The soul from want that makes the cold.
THE HIEES OF THE INFINITE.
By H. G. Leslie.
Up to thy hills I lift mine eyes,
Above earth's dank, sin-ladened air :
Faith's finger points beyond those heights,
To world of light, beyond compare.
When softly falls night's shadows dim,
I watch its searchlights paint the skies
I know I 'd see its domes and towers,
Did not a film obscure my eyes.
Were not my ears so dull to hear,
I 'd catch some note of unseen choirs,
A song so pure, so full, so sweet
As never played on human lyre.
I almost see, I almost hear,
And yet a curtain hangs between ;
A curtain wove of earthly weft
That hides from me the great unseen.
\
HENRY NEVILLE'S OPPORTUNITY.
By Edgar K. Morrison.
Y son be prepared to fill
a position and your
opportunity will come
to you sooner than
you expect. He who
makes a failure in life is one that is
not able to fill the opportunities that
God gives to every person. Choose
one thing you wish to do in life and
study for that. No one can long
hold a position that he is not able to
fill. Do not be discouraged, stay in
your present place, although the
extra money you would earn in the
store would be of help to us now, it
is outside of your study and experi-
ence, and there is less prospect of
success."
Thus spoke a mother to her son,
Henry, whose father had died, quite
suddenly, seven years before, leaving
to his widow the picturesque cottage
in which they lived and land enough
for a large garden and an abundance
of fruit. Henry had been able to
earn a little by doing odd jobs, Mrs.
Neville took in sewing, and this, to-
gether with the fruit and vegetables
from the garden, had enabled them
to live frugally.
Unfortunately one Abraham Ober-
f elder, a Jew, held a mortgage of two
hundred dollars on the cottage, which
Mrs. Neville had been unable to pay
off, and while Henry had been at-
tending school she was not able to
even keep the interest paid.
Oberfelder wanted the cottage for
his own use, and had given her three
months in which to raise the money.
In the village there was a large
knitting mill, which, in former years,
had not been run successfully until
purchased by Josiah Spring, who
had secured a large contract for
stainless fast-black cotton, to be manu-
factured into ladies' jackets, besides
his daily product of one thousand
dozens of ladies' imitation of full
fashioned fast- black hose.
While there were many mills that
claimed to make a fast black on cot-
ton, at the time of our story, there
was really but one other mill that
could duplicate the goods of the Cold
River mills.
Henry had secured a position in
the dye room of this mill, at three
dollars per week. The storekeeper
had offered him five, and he wished
to accept, so that by saving his wages
he could so reduce the mortgage that
by the time Oberfelder foreclosed he
could find some friend to loan him
the balance.
Charles Methly, a retired chemist,
was an old friend of his father's, who
had taken quite an interest in the
orphan lad, and had been giving him
lessons in chemistry three evenings
each week. Mr. Methly gave Henry
his whole outfit of dye-stuffs and
chemicals, together with scales,
tubes, and glasses, as he said he
should have no further use for them,
and had helped him fit up a room in
HENRY NEVILLE'S OPPORTUNITY.
65
one corner of the shed in which to
make their experiments. For sev-
eral months they had been experi-
menting to make the same fast black
that was used in the milf, as the old
gentleman said it would some day be
of use to him. At last they suc-
ceeded, but Methly told Henry to
keep it to himself until he could use
it to advantage.
The boss of the dye room was
named Ashworth, who had learned
his trade in England, and was a very
skilled workman, but egotistical and
overbearing. He took all of the
credit for starting up the mills, and
he imagined that they could not run
without him, consequently he could
do as he liked, and retain his posi-
tion. Most unfortunately this man
was addicted to drink, and every lit-
tle while would have a spree and
neglect his work. Frequently was
he warned by his employers, and
each time he would promise that it
should be the last.
That year Christmas came on Sat-
urday, and, thinking that he would
have Sunday in which to get sobered
off, he went on the worst spree he
had had for several years. Instead
of sobering off on Sunday, as he ex-
pected, he was carried to the hospi-
tal, suffering from a violent attack of
delirium tremens. Monday morning
came and the men in the dye room
were eagerly talking about the effect
this most sad state of affairs would
have upon the mill.
Ashworth had put his son John in
as second hand, and had been trying
to teach him the business. When
there was any work to do he
would order some one else to do it,
and sneak into the storeroom, where
the dye-stuffs were kept, pretending
to be making experiments, but really
reading cheap novels. His evenings
were always spent away from home,
as he said at the club. The club
was composed of a number of fast
young men, who had hired a room in
an uptown block, and spent most of
their time in playing cards, drinking
beer, and reading cheap novels.
John imagined that he could fill his
father's place and the other men do
all of the work.
Mr. Spring had seen them take
Ashworth to the hospital, and was
early at the mill. He summoned
John to the office and asked him if
he could put the goods through.
"Yes," replied John,. "I can run
the room as well as the ' old man '
could." This coarse remark startled
Mr. Spring, as he never had a very
good opinion of John, and now he hesi-
tated about letting him try, but what
was he to do ? The goods must be
colored or he would lose the order, so
he decided to let him try a small
lot and see how the goods looked.
Tuesday noon Mr. Spring heard a
knock on his private office door.
Touching a spring the door opened,
and there stood one of the workmen,
with a large piece of goods in his
hand, which was of a kind of muddy
green shade. Taking off his hat he
exclaimed, — " Excuse me, sir, but I
had to slip off when no one saw me,
so as to let you know what that
' chump ' down in the dye house was
doing. L,ook at these goods, sir ;
they will hardly hold together. In
my opinion, he has ruined every
pound of goods there was in the
room. I thought 3 r ou ought to know
it, sir. Why, he never colored a
piece of goods in his life."
Mr. Spring threw himself into a
66
HENRY NEVILLE'S OPPORTUNITY.
chair. Two days more like this and
he would lose the contract, and pos-
sibly the mills would have to shut
down until spring or until he could
secure further orders. " What am I
to do ?" he exclaimed.
"Pardon me, sir," said the man,
"but will you allow me to make a
suggestion ?"
"Certainly, certainly, anything to
help'us out!"
" Well, last evening, as I was go-
ing home from the post-office, I met
old Mr. Methly, and after speaking
of Ashworth's spree and the prospect
of his being unable to work for some
time he said, ' Well, the mills will
not have to shut down for want of a
dyer, for Henry Neville can make a
fast black, and not one person in a
thousand can equal him in chem-
istry.' "
Mr. Spring brightened up and
said eagerly, "Find Neville and
send him to me at once."
The man met Henry and told him
that he was wanted in the office.
' ' Do you know how to color a fast
black?" said Mr. Spring as he en-
tered.
" I have made many small samples
which stood the test thoroughly, but
have never handled goods in large
quantities."
"How long will it take you to
make a sample for me?"
"I think I can have one at ten
o'clock to-morrow."
"If you do not succeed the first
time try again and bring me the re-
sult as soon as possible."
"John Ashworth will never allow
me to make any experiment unless I
give him the credit of it."
"Come with me, Henry, and I will
attend to John Ashworth."
Mr. Spring went to the dye room
and found the goods entirely ruined,
as the workman had said.
" Put on your coat, Ashworth, and
leave this mill at once, and never let
me see you on the premises again. I
will send your pay by the office boy
when he goes for the mail."
As Ashworth passed Henry he
hissed, "You scoundrel! you have
been telling on me, and I will get
square with you before a week."
So engrossed was Henry that he
paid little heed to the threat — in fact,
gave it no further thought. He
made his sample and submitted it
to his employer as requested. Mr.
Spring examined the sample care-
fully, then tested it with chemicals
to see if the color would fade, and
then compared it with some finished
goods and exclaimed,
" Well done, Henry ! The sample
is all right, and if you can put a
large lot through and make them as
good as this sample we shall have
no further use for the Ashworths.
Go now and mix your dyes and put
the goods through as fast as possi-
ble. We shall have to run the mill
until ten o'clock every evening to
make up for the goods Ashworth
has spoiled."
He worked until the speed stopped
and then hastened home. His anx-
ious mother had prepared supper and
was eagerly listening for his well-
known footsteps. He said but little,
only explaining that Mr. Spring
wished to make an experiment, so
he was belated. As soon as supper
was over he quickly retired to his
room to get the needed rest, that
he might be on hand early in the
morning.
About midnight, as the night
HENRY NEVILLE'S OPPORTUNITY.
6 7
watchman was making his rounds
from the storehouse to the main
building, he saw a man jump from
the window of the dye house. ,He
gave chase, but could not overtake
his man, although he came near
enough to recognize him as John
Ashworth. Furthermore, he picked
up a cap which Ashworth had been
seen to wear. The watchman at
once returned to the dye house to
see what the man wanted, and found
that a piece of joist and small jack-
screw, stolen from one of the ma-
chinist's, had been placed between
the projecting ends of the dye tank,
and the side forced off so as to cause
a very bad leak. In a few minutes
more the tank would have been
empty and the goods become
clouded, and it would be impossible
to make them good enough to fill
the contract order. He immediately
removed the jack screw, and then,
getting some wood, drove it into the
opening, so as to very nearly stop
the leak and save the goods.
On leaving the mill at six o'clock
in the morning the watchman re-
ported the affair to Mr. Spring, who
at once began an investigation. The
result was that John Ashworth was
arrested and given until night to
leave the state or be given a sen-
tence for breaking into the mill.
Henry, by working well into the
night, was able to produce his first
lot of goods. Although not equal to
the sample, they were fairly good,
and passed the inspection without
comment. The next week he had
greatly improved the appearance,
and, as Mr. Spring said, produced
the finest goods ever turned out of
the mills.
One evening as Henry was leaving
the mill Mr. Spring called him into
his private office and questioned him
about his past life, his desire to go
into the store, and how he had ac-
quired so much knowledge of color-
mixing and chemistry.
Henry gave him a complete ac-
count of his work evenings and how
Mr. Methly had helped him.
" Well," said Mr. Spring, " I have
now entered your name on the books
as boss dyer, commencing last week,
and your pay for this your first year
will be twenty-one dollars per week,
without loss of time. Ashworth is
out of the hospital this afternoon,
but we shall have no further use for
him, and, by the way, Henry, when
you get home hand this letter to your
mother," at the same time handing
him a sealed package, bearing the
name in the corner of Hibbard &
Morris, Attorneys- at-L,aw.
On opening the package Mrs.
Neville saw, with astonishment, the
discharged mortgage on her house,
and a long letter congratulating her
on having a son who was able to fill
the position when the opportunity
offered.
For many years Henry filled the
position of overseer, and, in the pros-
perous years which followed, requir-
ing a new mill to produce goods
enough to fill their orders, Henry
w r as called to assist Mr. Spring in the
management of the mills, and not
long since Mr. Spring retired, giving
him full control, with the office of
superintendent.
I said upon the glad new year,
" O soul self-willed,
To that far height of vision clear,
From which immortal shores appear,
How canst thou build ?
THE VOICE OF LOVE DIVINE.
By Clark B. Cochrane.
" So shall thy feet that often stray
Where false lures be,
Climb, step by step and day by day,
The heights where angels lead the way,
Or wait for thee.
" How best a victor, canst thou rise
O'er death and time ?
Above thee hang the crystal skies,
But mists of earth are in thine eyes,
Thy robes are grime !"
My soul, confounded, vaguely knew,
But looked above.
As one who, listening, catches, through
Dim vistas of the ether blue,
Far songs of love !
soul, it was an idle quest —
We must look higher !
What knowest thou of God's behest
Except love kindled in thy breast
His own pure fire ?
Then — Angel of the heavenly light,
O Love Divine !
1 cried — as one lost in the night,
Where stand the hills of promise bright,
Fair hills of thine ?
Love answered like a singing bird
Whose voice I knew ;
And something in my heart was stirred
Responsive to that tender word
That thrilled me through ?
" Go, make some darkened pathway plain,
Some lorn soul please ;
Soothe with soft hands the brow of pain,
Lead some lost brother home again,
Some heartache ease.
" For love the light of love will find,
Albeit dim ;
God counts the love that helps mankind,
However poor and weak and blind,
As love for Him."
The new year groweth old and chill,
The dead leaves fall !
Wild winds are on the barren hill,
But faith and hope are living still,
Surviving all !
And in my heart I seem to hear
That voice of old,
Still calling from the heights so clear,
While death and winter draweth near,
And life grows cold.
Fair hope ! Where roll the mighty spheres
Lies thy bright dream !
Thy plummet, dropping down the years,
Beyond the darkness and the tears,
Finds love supreme !
For no high soul hath loved in vain
What God loves most !
No tear that fell on error's stain,
No tribute on love's altar lain
Was ever lost !
And He, who notes the sparrow's fall
And weighs the dust, —
Who holds within control and call ^
The suns and systems, each and all,
Is One to trust.
So, when at the far gates I pine,
Ashamed with sin,
And feel how poor this love of mine,
Be near, O gracious Love Divine,
And call me in.
BIRDS IN THEIR ECONOMIC RELATIONS. IV.
By Ned Dearborn and Clarence M. Weed.
STUDYING THE FOOD OF BIRDS.
HE accurate determination of
the feeding habits of birds
must form the foundation of
any adequate knowledge of
their economic status. To determine
these habits two principal methods
are available : ( i ) the birds may be
watched in their natural haunts and
the food they take observed as care-
fully as possible; (2) the birds may
be killed and the food found in their
alimentary canals examined to deter-
mine its nature. A third method,
that of observing the food prefer-
ences of bird's in captivity is chiefly
valuable in helping to determine the
amount of food eaten by birds, al-
though considerable information may
also be obtained regarding their
choice of food.
The first of these methods may be
readily employed in determining the
varieties of vegetable food that adult
birds eat, and in exceptional cases is
of value in determining the animal
food of such birds. It is of greatest
value, however, when applied to the
nestlings, especially in the modifica-
tion of the method first successfully
employed by Prof. F. H. Herrick,
and described in detail later in this
article.
To the majority who would learn
first hand what birds eat, field work
is the only sort that appeals. Only
those with the genuine scientific
spirit are willing to soil their fingers
with dissection, or to spend hours in
identifying the contents of a single
stomach, even though possessed of
sufficient experience to carry on such
an investigation. Even in field work
an extensive knowledge of animals
and plants is necessary if one would
name half the objects he sees in
bird's bills. But while it is highly
desirable to ascertain exactly what
birds eat, it by no means follows
that a person should wait until he
has mastered botany, entomology,
and kindred subjects, that will enter
into his researches, before attempt-
ing to learn, at least, the general
character of the food eaten by our
various birds. To know whether a
bird prefers insects or seeds is worth
while, though the name of the insect
or seed consumed may be beyond
guessing at. The main thing, after
all, in field work is to keep an atten-
tive eye on the birds to learn how
to observe, without frightening them,
and to know when and where the
different species feed.
The study of food habits is not
usually begun until after the student
has a fair understanding of other
habits that are more attractive to
watch, and oftener dwelt upon by
ornithological writers. It is a sort
of post-graduate course, so to speak,
another field into which the enthu-
siast after covering the old run
of species, — distribution, migration,
nests, eggs, etc., may overflow if he
holds out. Therefore, it is taken for
granted that whoever is inclined to
investigate the foods of birds, is up
to his undertaking from the bird side
if no more. What he may not know
about the items of food in the begin-
ning, he will become so anxious to
find out that his stock of information
will rapidly increase. If one is in-
7°
BIRDS IN THEIR ECONOMIC RELATIONS.
terested in birds, the food problem
will afford a good " handle " for pick-
ing up an interest in other branches
of natural history.
For examining adult birds in the
field, good vision and a note book
and pencil are the chief requisites,
though an opera, or field-glass may
often be used to advantage. Warb-
lers, vireos, and other active birds
that liVe by foraging may be quietly
followed as they flit from tree to tree.
In this way it is not difficult to dis-
cover the character of their food, and
about how much is consumed during
a given interval of time. Now and
theu there will be favorable moments
when it is possible to see for a cer-
tainty just what is taken. Cuckoos,
kingfishers, flycatchers, and other
birds that are more or less sedentary
must be watched, an hour or two
perhaps, from one position, — an oc-
cupation not nearly so irksome as it
looks on paper.
Wherever an abundance of some
particular kind of food occurs, it is
a good plan to sit down where you
can see without being seen and wait
for visitors. In this case your notes
will take on a different look. Instead
of having a bird's name at the head,
and a list of food items beneath, you
will have a food name at the top and
the names of birds that partake in
the columns below. Thus you may
sit on shore and see what birds live
on fish, and what on mollusks. You
may stroll across the fields at haying
time and discover the birds that feed
on the myriads of leaf hoppers, grass-
hoppers, and "millers," that take to
wing at every step. So may 3'ou
learn what birds are addicted to any
seed or fruit that you may bring un-
der observation. It is well to note
in passing that birds are excellent
judges of quality in fruits, for which
reason it is well to see ' ' which way
the birds fly" before selecting a site
for operations.
In the laboratory birds may be
kept alive and tested as to their
preferences for different kinds of
food, though such experiments are
not likely to be very satisfactory for
the reason that birds in captivity
quickly learn to relish things they
would never taste in the wild state.
The amount of food eaten b)' caged
birds is of value, as whatever differ-
ence there may be between the quan-
tity consumed in the wild and cap-
tive state is on the safe side. The
prisoner cannot dispose of so much as
the activity of a free bird demands.
The determination of bird food by
dissection requires an extensive out-
fit, if it is thoroughly done. There
must be at hand good collections of
botanical specimens, including seeds ;
of insects, mollusks, fish, frogs, rep-
tiles, birds, and small mammals,
everything, in short, likely to be
eaten by a bird, in order to name
correctly the visceral contents.
Even the bones of the smaller verte-
brates will be necessary for identify-
ing the food of hawks and owls. A
simple magnifier will be needed con-
stantly and at times there will be use
for a compound microscope. This
sort of study requires a special per-
mit from the game commissioners
and may well be left to a few pro-
fessional investigators.
Instead of examining each bird at
the time of its capture, it is usually
more convenient to remove the diges-
tive tract, and, after attaching a num-
bered tag by means of thread, to put
it into a jar of five per cent, formalin
BIRDS IN THEIR ECONOMIC RELATIONS.
7i
or eighty per cent, alcohol, where it
may safely remain until enough have
accumulated for a day's work. Vis-
cera may be kept indefinitely if the
preservative fluid is changed as often
as it becomes discolored. The num-
ber on the tag corresponds to one in
the note book where are recorded the
name of the bird, the date and place
of capture, and any other data that
may have a bearing on diet.
When ready for the analysis, a
stomach may be cut open with a
pair of scissors or a scalpel, and the
contents emptied, with a little water,
on a piece of plain glass, say three
by three inches for anything smaller
than a flicker. If a dissecting micro-
scope be available, the magnifier may
be managed more easily, and further-
more, transmitted light or reflected
light with a black or white back-
ground may be used at will. With
a pair of sharp needles set in handles
the mass may be spread over the
glass and assorted. Wings of insects
may be unrolled and floated on the
film of water so as to be identified
as to family and often to genus. By
assembling the parts of insects or
other food of the same kind into lit-
tle piles, the relative amount of each
may be estimated.
Hawks, owls, crows, flycatchers,
and certain other birds that devour
indigestible matter, such as bones,
the elytra of beetles, etc., regurgitate
such matter in the form of compact
pellets, generally at the roosting
places. Insectivorous and fruit eat-
ing birds do not digest their food so
thoroughly but that its nature is ap-
parent from the excreta. Wherever
birds roost in numbers, pellets or
excreta or both may be gathered,
and when analyzed will give results
scarcely less valuable than those ob-
tained by dissection with the advan-
tage that there is no sacrifice of life.
A study of the food of nestlings is
less difficult and on the whole satis-
factory. Both the kind and the quan-
tity may be accurately determined
without injuring so much as a
feather.
If the nest is on or near the
ground, a small neutral colored tent
may be set up beside it as near as
you please, into which, you may re-
tire, and, by watching the progress
of affairs through a small "peep
hole," fill your note book with an
account of the rations that are con-
sumed. It usually happens, how-
ever, that the nest is not in a posi-
tion where a tent can be placed
beside it. In that case, locate the
tent in a good place as near by as
may be, and then cut off the branch,
fasten it strongly to a support by
cords or screw 7 s, and by degrees move
it to a place beside the tent.
When it is not necessary to remove
the nest, the tent may be pitched as
early as the day of hatching, in most
cases at least, without fear of causing
the old birds to desert. But when
the nest has to be moved, unless the
degrees of progress are made very
short, there is danger of desertion if
the moving is undertaken before the
young are well covered with pins.
Then they are able to move about
and usually to make sounds that at-
tract the parent birds. At that time
also, parental devotion is at its full
strength, and the old birds are willing
to face dangers that they would not
otherwise encounter. 1
1 This method of controlling the nest and using a
tent for concealment was first described in " The
Home Life of Wild Birds," by Prof. F. H. Herrick,
which see.
72 BIRDS IN THEIR ECONOMIC RELATIONS.
Where a nest is to be moved, and weigh the young at the same hour
there is not much danger of being every day. Collect several excreta,
bothered by prowling boys, a fairly and find average weight, also observe
good-sized tent may be employed, as the average number voided per hour.
it gives one a chance to change posi- The weight of excrement for the day
ition without giving external evidence plus the bird's gain in weight for the
of it. It is well to set it up, first day will give the weight of food con-
thing, so the birds may get accus- sumed less the small amount lost by
tomed to seeing it, and not to take it respiration.
down till the observation is completed. The excreta of young birds is so
Sometimes several nests may be well wrapped in a coat of albumen that
brought one after another to the same it is not so objectionable to handle as
site. Except for the trouble and a might be supposed. It ma}' be ob-
very slight delay in the work of the tained at any time by taking the bird
birds there is no objection to striking from the nest and keeping it out for
the tent each night and pitching it a few minutes.
again in the morning. In order to distinguish one nestling
At such short range there is gen- from another they may be marked
erally no doubt as to the identity of either on the leg or on the side of the
every object that is brought to the bill with a nitrate of silver pencil
nest. Some birds bring food in their which may be purchased at any drug
gullets and feed by regurgitation. If store. There maybe some difficulty
it is not possible to see what they are in applying the pencil so as to make
delivering, wait till the old one has a good mark, owing to the oily skin of
gone away, then go out and examine the birds, but see that it is wet and
the young. Four times out of five keep rubbing. The marks will need
you can tell what they have swallowed to be renewed occasionally,
by looking through the transparent The great value of this method is
skin of their necks. In case there is that it enables one to get photographs
still a doubt, it is not difficult to of the birds as they are being fed,
make them disgorge by placing a beautiful examples of which are shown
thumb and finger below the mass and in Prof. Herrick's book — " The Home
working it upward to the mouth. L,ifeof Wild Birds." There are, how-
Simple honesty demands that it be re- ever, elements of danger to the birds
turned when you are done with it. which should by no means be over-
See how many hours a day the old looked. There is danger of desertion
birds attend their young, and how by the parents, of too much exposure
many times they average to feed per to the hot rays of the sun, of lack of
hour. Estimate the proportion of protection from the cold of night or of
each kind of food from an examination the storm and stress of weather, as
of your notes. Then by weighing well as of various living enemies. No
samples of the different kinds you can one should remove a nest from its
quickly compute the daily consump- original site who is not willing to take
tion. every possible precaution to avoid a
As a check on the above method, tragedy.
LEONARD ALLISON MORRISON, A. M.
Leonard Allison Morrison, son of Jeremiah and Eleanor Reed (Kimball) Mor-
rison, born in Windham, February 21, 1843, died in Derry, December 14, 1902.
Early in life he succeeded to the ownership and care of the ancestral farm, first
owned by his great grandfather, Lieut. Samuel Morison, and this was his home
until his removal to Derry a few years ago. For most of his life he was promi-
nently identified with all the interests of his native town. He was moderator of a
score of town-meetings, was instrumental in the establishing of the Nesmith town
library, and in securing for its housing the Armstrong Memorial building. In
1S85 he represented Windham in the state legislature, and was made chairman of
the house committee on education, in which position he was largely instrumental
in securing the adoption of the town system of schools. Two years later he was
a member of the senate, representing the Londonderry district, and was chairman
of the senate committee on education. He was a justice of the peace about thirty
years, and held various other public offices.
Mr. Morrison will be chiefly remembered as a local historian and writer, his
published works of town and family history being very numerous and of high
merit. The first was the "History of the Morison or Morrison Family," issued in
1880, followed, three years later, by the " History of Windham." There followed
in quick succession histories of the Allison, Norris, Sinclair, and Kimball families,
" Supplement to the History of Windham," " Proceedings of the Celebration of the
150th Anniversary of the Incorporation of Windham," "Poems of Robert Dins-
moor, the Rustic Bard," and other books. In 1884, and again in 1889, he traveled
extensively in Great Britain, Ireland, and the continent, partly for genealogical
research, and as a result issued " Rambles in Europe," and "Among the Scotch-
Irish and a Tour in Seven Countries." Mr. Morrison was given the honorary
degree of M. A. by Dartmouth college in 18S4. He was a member of the New
Hampshire Historical society, and for several years a member and vice-president
for New Hampshire of the Scotch-Irish Society of America. He took great pride
in the sterling character and heroic achievements of his Scotch-Irish ancestry,
whose memory he did so much to perpetuate. Mr. Morrison was unmarried. He
leaves one sister, Mrs. Horace Park of Belfast, Me.
COL. FRANK G. NOYES.
Col. Frank G. Noyes, born in Nashua, July 6, 1833, died in that city Decem-
ber 1, 1902.
Colonel Noyes was the son of Col. Leonard W. and Anne Sewall (Gardner)
Noyes. After pursuing a college course he read law in the office of Rufus Choate
74 NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY.
and Sidney Bartlett of Boston, graduated from the Harvard Law school in 1856,
and was immediately after admitted to the bar. He then went to Iowa, locating
in Clinton, where he entered into partnership with Nathaniel B. Baker, formerly
governor of New Hampshire, and was engaged in the practice of his profession
until the outbreak of the Civil War, when he was commissioned aide-de-camp on
the staff of Governor Kirkwood, and was actively engaged in organizing troops for
some time, and was then commissioned commissary of subsistence, by President
Lincoln, with the rank of captain, and went to the front, serving throughout the
war in important campaigns in the West and Southwest, and being honorably dis-
charged in November, 1865.
In 1867 he was appointed by the president consul to Panama, but returned to
Iowa in 1868, and was engaged in manufacturing in that state till 1879, wnen he
returned to his native city, which was subsequently his home, and where his atten-
tion was mainly given to the care of his property.
Colonel Noyes was mustered into John G. Foster post, G. A. R., in 1889. In
1891 he served as inspector in the state department of the Grand Army. In 1892
he was elected senior vice department commander of New Hampshire, and at the
twenty-sixth annual encampment, in 1893, he was chosen department commander.
He also served on the staffs of General Alger and General Veazey, commanders-
in-chief of the National encampment in 1890 and 1891. In 1891 he was elected
president of the New Hampshire Veterans' association. He was one of the early
members of the military order of the Loyal Legion, and had been a companion of
the New York commandery for over thirty years.
Colonel Noyes was a Democrat in politics, and for many years prominent in
that party in the state in conventions and upon the stump. He was a prominent
member of the Masonic fraternity. November 20, 1S56, he united in marriage
with Hannah E. Richardson of Lowell, Mass. The children who survive him
are Anna Gardner, wife of Sheridan P. Reid, ex-consul to Tien Tsin, China ;
Clara L. H., Grace Richardson, and Elizabeth.
DR. ALFRED J. FRENCH.
Dr. Alfred J. French, born in Bedford, January 16, 1823, died in Lawrence,
Mass., December 1, 1902.
Dr. French was a son of Ebenezer C. French, also a native of Bedford, and
was educated in the town schools and at the Hancock Literary and Scientific insti-
tute. He studied medicine, graduating from the Vermont Medical college at
Woodstock in 1848, and locating in practice in Manchester the following year. A
year and a half later he removed to Methuen, Mass., where he remained seven
years, removing then to Lawrence, where he ever after remained, and established
a successful practice, retiring about five years ago.
Dr. French had been for many years closely identified with the municipal and
financial affairs of Lawrence, having represented' the city in the lower branch of
the state legislature for two years in 1859 anc ^ i860. He served on the committee
on elections. He was a member of the board of overseers of the poor for one
term, and in 1864 was mayor of the city, serving with credit to himself and to the
municipality.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY. 75
Dr. French was one of the projectors of the Lawrence National bank, which
was organized in 1872 with a capital of $300,000, and for five years was its presi-
dent. He was also one of the organizers of the Broadway Savings bank, and one
of its trustees up to the time of his death. He was also, for a number of years,
president of the Wright Manufacturing company.
He was a leading member of the First Baptist church of Lawrence, having
been a deacon for many years, a trustee, treasurer, and superintendent of the Sun-
day-school. In politics he was a staunch Republican.
He was also associated with a number of fraternal orders, including the Royal
Arcanum, the Home Circle, and the United Order of the Pilgrim Fathers, of
which he was one of the incorporators.
He was married, November 11, 1852, to Miss Sarah A. Hardy of Antrim, who
survives him. One daughter was born of this union, Sarah Elizabeth, who died in
1863, aged eight years.
HENRY W. KEMP.
Henry Wells Kemp was born in Brookline, April 4, 1852, and died in Man-
chester, December 1, 1902.
Mr. Kemp was the older son of Henry K. and Paulina (Hall) Kemp. Upon
completing a course in the town schools he attended the high school at Milford,
and then entered the classical department of the McCollom institute at Mont Ver-
non, graduating with the class of 1872. Though fitted for college he decided not
to take a collegiate course, and went to Boston, where he worked for a year. Then
he returned home to teach school in his native town. He taught the grammar
school with marked success, and was superintendent of the schools, his reports
showing a clear appreciation of the needs of student life. He was also superin-
dent of Sunday-school for several years. In 1880 he went to Manchester, entering
the employment of the Hubbard Sash and Blind factory, becoming its foreman,
and remaining there until his decease, with the exception of three years (1898-
1900), when he was manager of the Manchester Sash and Blind company, which
prospered under his judicious management. Devoted to his home and family, he
belonged to no secret society, and modest in his ambition, while faithful and indus-
trious in his daily occupation, he sought no office or public recognition. He was
a member of the Franklin Street church, where he was a regular attendant for
over twenty years. He married, in 1881, Miss Anna M. Fessenden, of Townsend,
Mass., who survives him, with three children, Clarence F., Avis M., and Esther
R. Kemp.
COL. JOHN W. ELA.
John W. Ela, born in Meredith, September 26, 1838, died in Philadelphia,
December 15, 1902.
Colonel Ela was educated at the old Northfield academy and the Harvard Law
school, but entered the Union army at the outbreak of the Rebellion before com-
mencing practice, and served gallantly throughout the war, holding the position of
provost judge of the Department of the Gulf at the close of hostilities. After the
war he located in Chicago, in the practice of law, and there continued, gaining dis-
tinction in his profession and in various lines of public service. He was an active
7 6 NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY.
member of the New Hampshire society in Chicago ; and was an ardent advocate of
the cause of civil service reform and of the merit system in official life. He drafted
the Illinois Civil Service law, and was the leader in the movement which resulted
in its passage by the Illinois legislature and adoption by Chicago. As president
of the Chicago Police commission he was instrumental in the application of re-
form to the police force of the city.
He had gone to Philadelphia to attend the annual session of the National Civil
Service Reform association, when he was taken suddenly ill and died at a hospital
in that city.
SAMUEL UPTON.
Samuel Upton, a prominent citizen of Goffstown, died in that town, Novem-
ber 20, 1902. He was a native of the town of Wilmot, born in 1824.
He fitted for the legal profession and located in practice in Manchester, where
he remained a number of years. He married Miss Jennie Merriam, a Manches-
ter teacher, who died about a year ago. He was active in church work in Man-
chester, and was, for some time, superintendent of the Sunday-school of the Frank-
lin Street Congregational church. He subsequently removed to Iowa, where he
was located some time, but returned to New Hampshire and settled at Goffstown,
where he remained until the time of his death. He was a Mason and an Odd
Fellow, and was interested in educational work, serving upon the board of educa-
tion in Goffstown, of which he was a member at the time of his death.
DR. CURTIS A. WOOD.
Dr. Curtis A. Wood, a prominent physician of Dublin, died in that town, De-
cember 1, 1902.
Dr. Wood was a native of Dublin, born April 7, 1846, a son of Augustine and
Elizabeth Richardson Wood. He was educated in the public schools and at Ap-
pleton and Kimball Union academies, and graduated from the Dartmouth Medical
college in 1877. He settled in Greenville in practice, where he remained for a
number of years, but removed to his native town in 1893, and settled upon the old
Wood farm, where he was born. He married Ida L. Benson of Norridgewock,
Me. They had one son, Ralph Curtis, who, with the widow, survives. Dr. Wood
was an Odd Fellow and a member of the Congregational church.
HON. WILLIAM E. WATERHOUSE.
William E. Waterhouse, a prominent farmer and leading citizen of Barrington,
born in that town January 31, 1845, died November 29, 1902.
Mr. Waterhouse was educated in the town schools and at Franklin academy,
Dover. He was extensively engaged for years in the raising of blooded cattle,
and was a leading exhibitor at the agricultural fairs. He was active in politics as
a Republican, serving in various town offices, as a county commissioner, represen-
tative in the legislature in 1871— '72, member of the constitutional convention of
1889, and of the state senate in 1893. He was associated with the Odd Fellows
and the Red Men, and was a member of Centennial grange of Barrington. A
widow, one son, and one daughter survive him.
. //<, ',,//, , //,,,/is'
.,. 1®
GEORGE FRANKLYN WILLEY.
The Granite Monthly.
Vol. XXXIV.
FEBRUARY, 1903.
No. 2.
SOLTAIRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
By G. A. Cheney.
HAT the American peo-
ple keenly delight in the
historical novel and ac-
cept it as a source of
pleasure and instruc-
tion, is conclusively shown by its
phenomenal sales throughout the
length and breadth of the land.
Any book, regardless of topic or
class, that reaches a sale of five
thousand copies is regarded by the
trade as a commercial success, but
of Winston Churchill's "Richard
Carvel," half a million copies have
been sold and his second book,
"The Crisis," is meeting with a
like reception from the book-reading
community. Mary Johnston's "To
Have and to Hold" has attained a
sale that is almost without precedent
among books of recent production,
and the writers of shorter stories of
a like nature have met with instant
success. In spite of their quick suc-
cession and multiplicity the book-
lover, and that means about every-
body, still yearns for more, for this
great country, young as it is, has a
rich and varied store of historic fact
and incident, and he who will can
read therein. The popularity of the
present day American historical novel
is still further emphasized by the
fact that not a few of them have
been dramatized and are easily
among the successful stage produc-
tions of the season.
It is not the purpose of this paper
to attempt an explanation of the rea-
sons for this deep-rooted and wide-
spread interest in the historical
novel. Certain it is that it exists,
and it is of distinct interest to the
people of New England, and yet
more particularly of New Hamp-
shire, that the climax of the season
in historical novel production is the
issuance from the press of " Soltaire :
A Romance of the Willey Slide and
the White Mountains," by George
Franklyn Willey of Manchester. It
is most emphatically a New Hamp-
shire book, as its theme, scenes,
plots, and incidents are all within
the state, woven together by one
native to the state, printed in Con-
cord and published in Manchester.
But New Hampshire is not alone
in appreciation of the great White
Hills and all that pertains thereto.
The interest in them is as broad
and deep as the nation, and as the
mighty avalanche on that June night
in 1828 is one of the most traaric as
well as singular events in the history
of the region and mountains, the in-
ference is but natural that " Sol-
taire " is a book destined to meet
8o
SO LT A IRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
with a flattering reception not only
from the untold thousands who have
visited the locality and, therefore,
have a peculiar interest in region
" Shielding his eyes with his hand, Soltaire peered long
and earnestly into tlic valley at his feet without moving a
muscte."
and event, but from the general
public, for as said the entire nation
has an interest in the White Moun-
tains.
The story of the annihilation of the
Willey family by the hurling down
of that mass of matter from Mount
Willard is one that has always had a
singular interest from the time of its
occurrence to the present, and will
have as long as the White Moun-
tains shall endure. Thousands of
people annually visit the spot, for the
foundation of the home of the fated
family still remains intact, the rock
upon which the moving, sliding
mass split in twain, as it was
hurled toward the valley below,
is yet the safeguard it was on
that terrible night, but the
marks of death and destruc-
tion and waste then wrought
still everywhere abound. The
visitor sees the places where
the bodies of the Willey family
were found, save only that of
little Martha, which was never
discovered save in the romance
of "Soltaire," and the Saco
river, which yet flows down its
precipitous course as it did
three quarters of a centur) T ago.
Thus does " Soltaire ' have
for its theme this tragic event
and its scene throughout the
White Mountains. The theme
is one that piques interest at
the outset, and herein does the
book possess a decided advant-
age from every point of view,
and again as the scene of a
romance no spot on earth can
possibly be superior to the great
highlands of the North.
In "Soltaire" Mr. Willey
makes his debut as an author,
though as an editor and newspaper
writer he has been known since his
twentieth year. In his creation of
' ' vSoltaire ' ' he has planned the work
with consummate care and skill.
From title page to closing word there
is evidence of conscientious and
painstaking work. Its dedicatory
page is a fine example of the best
type of English composition, and is
as follows :
SOLTAIRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
81
To Gen. M. C. Wentworth, like the writer,
a native of Jackson, N. H., and familiar with
the scenes depicted herein, this book is dedi-
cated as a token of lifelong friendship and
admiration.
In his prefatory note Mr. Willey
tells the reader that from childhood
he has been familiar with the White
Mountain region, and that as the
efow flies he was born but a half
score miles from the Willey house.
Boyhood and youth were passed
among the White Mountains, and
every legend, tradition, and incident
of the locality became, as it were, a
part of himself. His familiarity with
the scenes he so skilfully describes,
his study of nature as represented
in tree growth, in rock formation of
the mountain rivulet, and in many
other forms are admirable because
actual and real, yet so rare and un-
usual, that only an observant stu-
dent of nature would discover them.
Indeed, " Soltaire," as a nature
study, is worth the price of the
book to put into the hands of any
boy or girl, let alone its value as a
historical narrative.
Soltaire, the hero of the book, is a
recluse, made so because he could
not marry the girl of his choice.
On the night of the Willey slide he
rescues Martha Willey, then nine
years of age. With all the rest of the
family dead he takes her to his home
in the fastnesses of Black mountain,
and there she grows into beautiful
and stately womanhood. As a re-
sult of the fright and injuries re-
ceived at the time of the avalanche
her mind becomes a blank, as re-
spects all her preceding life. Cir-
cumstances lead her to an acquain-
tance with a mountain tourist, John
Wilbur, by name, and this acquain-
tance ripens into love, and love leads
to marriage. Soltaire, who has
proven a faithful guardian of
Martha, heartbroken at the thought
of her leaving him and his moun-
tain home, called Soltaryage, at first
consents to accompany them to their
city home, but ere they had emerged
from the mountain region he turns
back to his solitary haunts.
Soltaire is by no means an impos-
sible character. Time and again
just such characters have been found
"Once he glanced back over his shoulder with a look
vhich Martha remembered the rest of her life."
in the tragedy of real life. His self-
imposed duty of caring for Martha
was prompted by the noblest of mo-
tives, and the story of their days and
82
SO LT A IRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
" The vehicle -was driven up in front of the hotel.'
years in their mountain home is
charmingly told by the author.
The book opens with a historical
sketch of the first settlement of the
White Mountain region, the discov-
ery of the now famous Crawford
Notch, the construction of the turn-
pike, the tenth in the state, as early
as 1803, and incidentally the author
notes that at the time of its completion
it was no uncommon sight in winter
to see the road dotted for a mile at a
stretch by teams from the region be-
yond, laden with farm produce des-
tined for the seacoast markets. He
cites the fact that the Willey house
was built as early as 1793, though it
was not till 1825 that it became the
home of the Willeys.
Immediately succeeding the ac-
count of the pioneer settlements
among the White Mountains the
reader is introduced to the hero of
the book, "Soltaire." The time is
the night of the avalanche, which
nearly claims Soltaire as one of its
victims. But he escapes, and in
time to rescue Martha Willey. The
author's description of the slide,
which is at the time of the first ap-
pearance of Soltaire, is not only in-
structive and interesting, but excep-
tionally fine from a purely literary
standpoint. It is one of the best
word pictures in the book, and it is
the simple truth to say that there are
man}-- such in the book.
The traditions of the mountains
are collected and detailed to more
or less extent in the book as their
importance and interest would
prompt. One of the principal of
these is the quest of the great car-
buncle, the finding of which thrilled
even Soltaire with exciting emo-
tions, for he knew its possession
made him enormously wealthy. The
author's description of the precious
stone is full, complete, and fault-
lessly true to nature, and again in
this does he display a consummate
skill in description, all the more ad-
mirable because of its fidelity to the
real.
As a book "Soltaire" is clean,
healthful, and entertaining. There
is not an objectionable word or sit-
uation in the entire story. The au-
S0LTA1RE AND ITS AUTHOR.
83
thor, from his experience as a news-
paper man, completes a picture or
scene in a remarkably few words,
but it is, nevertheless, complete and
entire. The story is beautifully il-
lustrated from drawings by Hiram
P. Barnes, and the press work, by
the Rumford Printing company of
Concord, is of surpassing excellence.
The opportunity for the dramati-
zation of " Soltaire " is great. It is
already, as it has come from the pen
of Mr. Willey, a dramatic composi-
tion, and the writer of this review
cannot resist the temptation to pre-
dict for it a most successful stage
production. The locality of the
story, its people, scenes, and plots
all conspire to the entertainment of
such belief.
THE AUTHOR OF SOLTAIRE.
If a book is to a reader's liking,
interest in the author follows almost
as a matter of course. The initial
volume of a writer is his formal in-
troduction to the world at large and
the paramount inquiry is as to
who and what are his accomplish-
ments and characteristics. If there
are succeeding books the introduc-
tion ripens into an acquaintance
which expands and deepens the more
the author is read. Though person-
ally unseen and unknown an author's
readers feel that they know him, and
that there is a mutual understanding
to that effect. In other words the
popular author belongs to the public
at large, and every one knows him
if he does n't know them. The re-
printing of the dedicatory page of
"Soltaire" has told that its author
was born in the town of Jackson,
which lies at the southeastern gate-
way of the White Mountains. His
natal day was March 21, 1869, and
thus he is but thirty-three, and just
Birthplace of George Franklyn Willey — Spring.
8 4
SO LT AIRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
at the entrance of a man's best years.
He was the son of John and Eliza
(Dearborn) Willey, and the tenth
in a family of eleven children, and
likewise the seventh son. The illustra-
tion of the ancestral homestead shows
a typical mountain home of the early
settlers, and is representative of
those humble homes in which were
that labor is the pathway to success,
and hard work alone, well-mannered
and well-managed, has been the
means of Mr. Willey's success. But
it should be added that the locality
of his birthplace was calculated to
inspire him with the incentive to
work with ambition, self-reliance,
and courage. He early determined
Birthplace of George Franklyn Willey — Winter.
born and reared many of the state's
noblest women and bravest men.
The White Mountain region was
the playground of the future author
in his childhood years and as he
merged into his teens the same lo-
cality afforded him opportunity to
earn for his parents the means of
aiding in the family support by labor
in the hotels and their belongings.
He thus early learned the lesson
to lead other than a common-place,
matter-of-fact existence, and to this
end he went from the schools of his
native Jackson to an academy in
Bridgeton, Maine, where he was a
pupil for a single season, showing
marked ability for all round scholar-
ship, and especially in elocution.
He then went to Pinkerton academy,
Derry. It was at this far-famed in-
stitution of learning that he first
SOL TA IRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
35
made his venture into newspaper for a man of scarcely twenty-five
work as the business manager and years, but its preparation and publi-
leading spirit in the academy paper, cation showed to the people of the
But at this time, and for several state that there was in their midst a
years succeeding, his inclination to veritable genius for work and enter-
a life-calling was that of medicine, prise.
In 1892, while little more than In the national political campaign
twenty, young Willey bought the of 1896 Mr. Willey accepted the Chi-
Weekly Mail, a newspaper published cago platform and ardently cham-
in Derry. This he pub-
lished for eighteen
months, making it better
than self-supporting, and
then selling it to financial
advantage. Yet while
conducting the Weekly
Mail, Mr. Willey contin-
ued his medical studies,
eventually taking and ._
passing the entrance ex-
amination to the medical
school of Dartmouth col-
lege. But another ven-
ture in the field of gen-
eral literature led him
to postpone his medical
studies. In his innate
fertility of resource, some-
times called the posses-
sion of the initiative, he
hit upon the idea of a
souvenir of the town of
Derry. As originally con-
ceived, the project was
on a small scale, a mere
pocket affair as it were,
but Derry and its adjoining towns is pioned the cause of Bryan and free
one of the richest fields of historic silver. He went upon the platform,
lore in all New England, and the appearing in many of the towns,
proposed little souvenir grew into a and made for himself a brilliant
magnificent volume bearing the record as a platform speaker. The.
name of "Willey's Book of Nut- fact that the campaign ended in dis-
field," and, in reality, a history of aster and defeat for his side of the
Derry, Londonderry, Windham, and game did not discourage him, as it
the city of Manchester. It was a did many another of its adherents,
more than ambitious undertaking True to his very nature, he only
Willey | j
%
CR.wr R.x> ^ot XK
:
86
SOLTAIRE AND ITS AUTHOR.
threw himself all the more ardently
into the cause of democracy and
bimetalism. Again did he dis-
play that courage and self-reliance,
that constitute so much of the man's
character, by a decision to publish a
daily newspaper in the interest of the
party platform of 1896. The out-
come of this proposition was the se-
curing of the Daily People and Patriot
newspaper of Concord. Mr. Willey,
by his indefatigable labor, had se-
cured a generous list of subscriptions
to the paper and interested capital in
the enterprise. Associated with him
in the venture was a board of di-
rectors, and ere many months had
elapsed the two clashed, as is the al-
most invariable result in such at-
tempted management of a news-
paper, and it was not many months
before the property was assigned,
and Mr. Willey found himself bur-
dened with personal obligations of
some eighteen thousand dollars. At
the time he was only twenty-eight
years of age, and to be thus ham-
pered would have proved a veri-
table millstone about the neck of
most men of his age. He lost no
time in vain regrets, but promptly
announced his intention of going to
work and earning the money to
pay off his debts, but creditors of
picayune and cent-shaving natures
harassed him at every attempt to
start anew, and simply compelled
him to settle his legal obligations in
bankruptcy. Immediately upon his
discharge from bankruptcy he
bought a bankrupt list of some five
or six newspapers, paying the sum
of five hundred dollars for the lot.
The five hundred dollars he bor-
rowed, and with the agreement that
he should pay twenty dollars a
month for their use. The first week
that he published his new papers he
pawned his watch and a cane, with
which to get money to pa3 r his em-
ployes. His watch he was unable to
redeem on time, and so lost it. He
did, however, redeem the cane, and
it is still in his possession, and he
has paid his employes ever}- week
without fail since starting on his
new and latest venture. The New
Hampshire Publishing Corporation,
the business interest of which he is
the head, has grown to the publica-
tion of forty-one weekly newspapers.
The entire plant is one of the
best equipped in New England, and
everything is paid for. But not only
this, Mr. Willey, in the past two years,
has paid of his indebtedness, nearly
eighteen thousand dollars, with in-
terest, at six per cent. The bank-
ruptcy court had said to Mr. Willey,
in effect, that he need not pay one
cent of this great indebtedness, but
he himself said that no court of
legal procedure could relieve him of
a moral obligation, and so, like the
man he is, he has paid more than
seventeen thousand dollars of indebt-
edness into which the Concord ven-
ture involved him. Such a record
is, indeed, rare, and its rarity is one
of the saddest traits of American
commercial integrity.
In the time since the collapse of
the Concord venture, Mr. Willey
has established and created a mag-
nificent business enterprise in the
New Hampshire Publishing Cor-
poration ; has become extensively
identified with mining and other en-
terprises outside the state ; has large
holdings of Manchester realty, and
has built for himself an attractive
home on Sagamore hill, and snatch-
IF I WERE KING. 87
ing a moment here and there has Jennie Douise, daughter of the late
created " Soltaire." Ira H. Adams, M. D. ( of Derry.
Courage, hard work, well directed, He is a member of St. Duke's M. E.
and intelligence of the old-time New church, Derry, but St. James's M. E.
England type are the simple forces church is the Manchester church
that have pushed him on to sue- home of the family. His member-
cess, ship in fraternal orders is limited to
In 1 901 Mr. Willey married Miss a lodge of Odd Fellows.
IF I WERE KING.
By Thomas Cogswell, Jr.
In the golden days of the long ago
When the men and the women, I ween,
All dressed in silks from shoulder to toe
And knelt to a king or a queen ;
When gallantry reigned in each lady's court,
And each knight a sword did swing,
Then many 's the duel each bright steel fought
And should again — if I were king !
The customs fine of those olden days
Should thrive like the flowers in June ;
The stately march or the graceful maze
Should move to the sweetest tune.
The dashing knights in their silken hose
Should songs of tenderness sing
To the blushing dames in their regal clothes,
Or lose their swords — if I were king.
'Midst the jolly throng of those ancient years
When the king and his knights did dine.
The jester arose with doubts or fears
And toasted his chief with wine ;
The toast which he gave or the song which he sang
Did joy to his countrymen bring,
For always his voice with merriment rang
And should again, — if I were king.
To the charming air of those former times
I would add a wee bit of a change ;
I would place on the throne 'mid the ringing chimes
A face which to them would be strange.
I would give her the finest of satins and lace,
And put on her finger a ring
And then, while with cheering resounded the place,
I 'd make her queen — if I were king !
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MsrM
A SUMMER DAY AT THE ISLES OF SHOALS.
By .lunette M. Blount.
HREE hundred and
eighty-two pounds,
d'ye say?" "Caught
by an old fisherman
over seventy- five ! ' '
"Yes, and with nothing but a cod-
line." "Ye don't say !"
Such were the exclamations of the
people gathered about the little
steamer Viking, as she lay at her
wharf at Star island. At her side-
rails the crowd were struggling to
get a glimpse of an immense halibut,
which was lying on the bottom of
the vessel. Two elderly salts were
discussing the beauties of the great
fish and the good fortune of the fish-
erman, who, after two hours of ex-
citing labor, had drawn the creature
into his boat. One of the old men
reiterated to each new-comer, " Never
but one of them critters bigger 'n he
was ketched anywhar' nigh these is-
lands!"
In the little group, familiarly known
as "The Shoals," there are six or
eight islands, according to the ebb or
flow of the tide, but only five of
special interest. Appledore, the
largest, celebrated as the home of
Celia Thaxter ; Star, which was the
site of the ancient town of Gosport ;
Smutty-nose or Haley's, notorious
for the great good, and later for the
great evil, wrought upon it, and Duck,
which has the most dangerous coast.
It was a glorious day in August
when we sailed down Portsmouth
harbor on our way to the Isles of
Shoals. We passed the picturesque
old wharves, the navy yard, where
we saw the Raleigh in the dry dock,
the green slopes of Seavey's island,
and sailed so near Newcastle that we
nearly touched the walls of Fort Con-
stitution and the great foundation
stone of Fort Point Light. A dim
outline of the rocky archipelago ap-
peared soon after passing the Whale's
Back Light, and to watch its grow-
ing distinctness was one of the fas-
cinations of the little voyage. After
an hour of exhilarating sailing on a
perfect sea, the Viking landed at Ap-
pledore, which is the most homelike
of the islands, with its cluster of pretty
cottages about the well-kept hotel.
Going up from the wharf, we saw
on our right the Thaxter cottage,
with its vine-covered piazza and
glorious mass of color in the bit of
ground which Mrs. Thaxter de-
scribes in "An Island Garden."
What wealth of blossom in that nar-
row space ! Surely this lover of
beauty was not wrong when she
go
THE ISLES OE SHOALS.
Tne Thaxter Cottage. Home of Mrs. Thaxter, Appledore Island.
wrote in some of her earlier sketches
that "flowers fairly run mad with
color" on these wind- blown, sun-
bathed islands. "The tiny spot of
earth is like a mass of jewels." We
felt at last that the splendid coloring
of Childe Hassam's illustrations is in
no wise exaggerated. Imperial pop-
pies, rosy-red sweet peas, gorgeous
hollyhocks, greet the vision of the
passer-by, startling against the dark
background of a bower of climbing
vines. Inside the cottage is a room
kept in memory of the poetess, and
daily shown to many who loved her
or her beautiful songs of nature.
There is a well-worn path leading
from the cottages through the rocky
pastures to the great ledges facing
the ocean. On the highest point
overlooking the cliffs we found a
small summer house, where the way-
farer might satisfy his eyes with the
beauty of sea and sky and distant
line of coast. We wondered if L,ucy
Larcom sat here when she wrote
The sea is wedded to the sky
Element unto element :
She spreads above him tenderly
Her blue transparent tent.
It would be impossible for one who
had never seen these isolated islands
to imagine such worlds of rock.
" Mere heaps of tumbling granite in
the wide and lonely sea." Haw-
thorne's impressions filled our minds
to the exclusion of individual ideas.
He says, " It seems as if some of
the massive materials of the world
remained superfluous after the Crea-
tor had finished, and were carelessly
thrown down here." We came upon
great dikes, where the traprock
had been worn, by the ceaseless ac-
tion of the surf, out from the grasp of
the firmer granite. Small veins of
THE ISLES OF SHOALS.
9i
quartz and feldspar formed a net-
work over the darker rocks, remind-
ing us of confectioner's frosting, and
crystals of feldspar of tempting di-
mensions, but with a fixed deter-
mination not to be separated from
the mother- rock, lay everywhere in
sight. We climbed down many feet,
sometimes having a natural staircase
in the projecting points, at others,
jumping, slipping, and sliding to the
flat surfaces nearer the water's edge.
It required a vivid imagination to
conceive of the calm blue water
quietly washing the foot of the ledge
on that sunshiny day, becoming the
seething cauldron whose mighty force
had torn, in the massive face of the
rock, the irregular seams, jagged fis-
sures, and hollow caverns above us.
A rough cart-road, overgrown by
grass and tangled vines, led around
the island. In one large depression
there were rotting timbers, broken
bricks, and crumbling walls of foun-
dations of old houses, the scars of the
historic settlement of the years before
Appledore came under the influence
of the energetic constructive genius
of the Laightou family. During our
further wandering, through the thick
growth of goldenrod, fragrant bay-
berry, blackberry trailers, and purple
thistles, we came upon the little
spring said to have attracted these
early settlers to this member of the
group of islands. It was not "a
running stream of sparkling joy."
From Appledore we took the noon
steamer to Star. Here there is much
less soil and the rocks are, if possi-
ble, more apparent. There are few
houses to be seen except those con-
nected with the Oceanic hotel. A
spirit of desolation pervaded the
whole island at any distance from
this pleasant house of entertainment.
There was a weird sensation of being
!
Cliffs at Appledore Island.
Tne irregular seams, jagged fissures, and hollow caverns above us.
9 2
THE ISLES OE SHOALS.
Dike on Appledore Island.
lost in a mouldering graveyard, with
the possibilit) T of the appearance of a
grim spectre at any moment. It is
true that Star island is one great
burial ground. On our way to the
pretty summer house, standing on
the site of the old fort, we passed the
first leaning slates, and, kneeling to
decipher the worn inscriptions, were
met with such information as this, —
Death is a debt to Nature due,
1 've paid the debt and so will you.
One tiny tilted stone, marking the
grave of John W. S., aged seven
years, gave the gruesome warning, —
Think of John Smith as you pass by
As you are now so once was I,
As I am now so you must be,
Prepare for death and follow me.
Rambling about the
southern part of the
island we saw a sunk-
en plot of ground sur-
rounded by a decaying
fence. Inside, bare
weather - beaten juni-
pers pointed naked
branches, like skeleton
fingers, toward a white
shaft marking the sor-
row of a family bereft
of three little girls.
Under one child's
name were the words,
" I don't want to die
but I '11 do whatever
Jesus wants me to."
Standing on a slight
rise of ground is a
monument to Captain
John Smith, a triangu-
lar pyramid of cement-
ed blocks of granite,
now minus the tall
marble column, on
which were decapitat-
ed heads suggestive of the military
prowess of this man of wars.
Over a large portion of the island
we tried to distinguish the stones up-
heaved by nature's rude hand from
those placed so long ago to mark the
God's acre of the people of Gosport.
At the head of a large number of
these uncertain stones are two shal-
low vaults covered by flat slabs, bear-
ing lengthy and nearly effaced eulo-
gies of the pastors and shepherds of
the straying and unruly flock of Gos-
port, Rev. John Tueke and Rev.
Josiah Stevens, whose tender care
brought many back into the fold.
The influence of "Father Tucke,"
which extended through many years,
is commemorated by the following :
THE ISLES OF SHOALS.
93
Underneath are the Remains of the
Rev. John Tucke, A. M.
He graduated at Harvard College
A. D. 1723, was ordained here
July 26, 17,32,
and died August 12, 1773.
Aet. 72.
He was affable and polite in his
Manner, Amiable in disposition, of
great Piety and Integrity, Diligent
and faithful in his pastoral office,
well-learned in History and Geogra-
phy as well as general Science, and
a careful Physician to the Bodies and
Souls of his People.
Krected in 1800
in memory of the Just.
Beyond this melancholy graveyard
is the old parsonage, whose history is
recorded on a tablet placed on the
least dilapidated side of the building :
This Parsonage
was built in 1732
by Rev. John Tucke.
Taken down in
1780 by his son
in law and car-
ried to York, Me.
Rebuilt in 1802
for Rev. Josiah
Stevens.
The Old Parsonage, Star Island.
Nearer the shore is the old meet-
ing-house with square belfry, narrow
windows, and oddly placed door,
over which is the inscription,
Gosport Church.
Originally constructed
of the timbers from
the wreck of a Spanish
Ship. A. D. 1685. Was
rebuilt in 1720 and
burned by the Islanders
in 1790. This building of
Stone was erected
A. D. iSoo.
Gosport Meeting-house, Star Island,
G. M.— 7
94
THE CHICKADEE.
From the elevation of the rocky
foundation of this building White is-
land is seen at the southwest, with
its lighthouse "slim and lone,"
where Mrs. Thaxter lived as a child,
and of which she wrote, —
I lit the lamp in the lighthouse tower
For the sun dropped down and the day was
dead ;
They shone like a glorious clustered flower
Ten golden and five red.
From the opposite shore Smutty-
nose is visible with its few houses
and more verdant pastures. Both of
these islands must be reached by
small boats, so we contented our-
selves with the anticipation of visit-
ing them another summer.
The whistle of the Viking recalled
us to the landing, and we turned
homeward, sitting at the stern for a
last glimpse of the "enchanted isles,"
with Mrs. Partington's once famous
and always appropriate parody sound-
ing in our ears :
The Isles of Shoals ! The Isles of Shoals !
Where tuneful Celia loved and sung,
Where the free billow evei rolls,
Where Oscar rose and Cedric sprung ;
The summer glory gilds their shore
And crowns the cliffs of Appledore.
The city and the country's muse,
Reporter's pen and artist's brush —
Here let their admiration loose,
And with ecstatic raptures gush
While every soul enchanted guest
Says "Other isles and scenes be -blessed !"
THE CHICKADEE.
By C. C. Lord.
Just out of doors, beyond the pane,
He flits from twig to twig, his air
A jaunty grace, yet, apt to deign
A visit of the morning fair,
He calls to me,
Ch ick- a - dee- dee- dee !
And blithe all wintry days is he.
His garb is plain, his sable cap
Fits to his skull, and all his mien
Bespeaks his mind that scorns the lap
Of plenty, while full oft, I ween,
He laughs at me,
Ch ick- a - dee- dee -dee !
He loves life's care to spurn and flee.
Light little vagrant of the sky,
He fears not want nor heeds the cold,
Yet through his pranks he casts an eye
Within betimes — so slight yet bold —
And chirps to me,
Chick-a-dee dee dec !
Please, sir, a crumb ! and wins his plea.
GENERAL GRANT'S LOVE OF HORSES AND HIS STAGE-
COACH RIDE IN THE WHITE MOUNTAINS.
By Alice Bart left Stevens.
HAT General Grant was
a great lover of horses is
almost as well known as
the fact that he was a
man of action and few
words. This love for horses and his
faculty of managing them was one of
the traits of his character earliest de-
veloped. "As a toddling baby his
chief delight was to go out across the
yard, where, at the hitching poles
before the finishing room of the tan-
nery, several teams were always to be
found on pleasant days. He crawled
about between the legs of the dozing
horses and swung by their tails in
perfect content, till some timid
mother nearby, overcome by the
seeming danger, would rush in to
Mrs. Grant with excited outcry :
' Mrs. Grant, do you know where
your boy is ? He 's out there
swinging on the tails of Loudon's
horses !' but Mrs. Grant seemed very
little disturbed over this motherly
outcry ; she saw that Ulysses under-
stood horses, and that they under-
stood him, so she interfered very lit-
tle in his play with the teams across
the way."
From his infancy he loved a horse,
and learned to ride one long before
he learned to read. He never was
afraid and not only became an ex-
pert driver, but an excellent tamer
and trainer of horses even before he
w 7 as twelve years old. He rode with
more than the skill of a circus rider,
but his feats were for his own amuse-
ment and his own satisfaction. He
not only loved a horse and knew how
to tame, ride, and train them, but he
early learned to know the points of a
good horse, so that he could, before
he was twelve 3 r ears old, judge of the
quality and value of one. This love
and power over a horse, manifested
in useful and practical ways, shows at
once both a genial side of his nature
and the ability to dare and command.
He could "talk horse' with any-
body, and late in life often evaded
too inquisitive questions or concealed
his plans and purposes by a ready
resort to that fertile topic of con-
versation.
In an account of his childhood the
father of General Grant gives the fol-
lowing interesting stories :
"The leading passion of Ulysses,
almost from the time he could go
alone, was for horses. The first time
he ever drove a horse alone he was
about seven and a half years old. I
had gone away from home, to Rip-
ley, twelve miles off. I went in the
morning and did not get back until
night. I owned at the time a three-
year old colt, which had been ridden
under the saddle to carry the mail,
but had never had a collar on.
While I was gone Ulysses got the
colt and put a collar and the harness
on him and hitched him up to a sled.
9 6
GENERAL GRANT.
Then lie put a single line on to him
and drove off and loaded up the sled
with brush and came back again.
He kept at it, hauling successive
loads all day, and when I came home
at night, he had a pile of brush as
big as a cabin. At about ten years
of age he used to drive a pair of
horses alone, from Georgetown,
where we lived, forty miles to Cin-
cinnati, and bring back a load of
passengers.
" When Ulysses was a boy if a
come forward and ride this pony?'
shouted the ring master.
" Ulysses stepped forward and
mounted the pony. The perform-
ance began. Round and round and
round the ring went the pony, faster
and faster, making the greatest effort
to dismount the rider. But Ulysses
sat as steady as if he had grown to
the pony's back. Presently out
came a large monkey and sprang up
behind Ulysses. The people sat up
a great shout of laughter, and on the
Franconia Notch, from Flume House.
circus or any show came along in
which there was a call for somebody
to come forward and ride a pony he
was always the one to present himself
and whatever he undertook to ride,
he rode. This practice was kept up
till he got to be so large that he was
ashamed to ride a pony. Once,
when he was a boy, a show came
along in which there was a mis-
chievous pony, trained to go around
the ring like lightning, and he was
expected to throw any boy that at-
tempted to ride him. ' Will any boy
pony ran, but it all produced no effect
on the rider. Then the ring master
made the monkey jump up on to
Ulysses shoulders, standing with his
feet on his shoulders and with his
hands holding on to his hair. At
this there was another and a still
louder shout, but not a muscle of
Ulysses's face moved. There was
not a tremor of his nerves. A few
more rounds and the ringmaster gave
it up ; he had come across a boy that
the pony and the monkey both could
not dismount. As Ulysses jumped
GENERAL GRANT.
97
off he turned to those standing about
and exclaimed : ' Why, that pony is
as slick as an apple.' "
In his memoirs General Grant re-
lates his first horse trade as follows :
"There was a Mr. Ralston living
within a few miles of the village who
owned a colt which I very much
w r anted. My father had offered
twenty dollars for it, but Ralston
wanted twenty-five. I was so
anxious to have the colt that after
the owner left I begged to be allowed
to take him at the price demanded.
My father yielded, but said twenty
dollars was all that the horse was
worth, and told me to offer that
price ; if it was not accepted I was to
offer twenty-two and a half, and if
that would not get him to give the
twenty-five. I at once mounted a
horse and went for the colt. When
I got to Mr. Ralston's house I said
to him, ' Papa says I may offer you
twenty dollars for the colt, but if you
won't take that, I am to offer you
twenty-two and a half, and if you
won't take that to give you twenty-
five.' It would not require a Con-
necticut man to guess the price
finally agreed upon. This story is
nearly true. I certainly showed very
plainly that I had come for the colt
and meant to have him. I could not
have been over eight years old at the
time. The transaction caused me
great heart burning. The story got
out among the boys of the village,
and it was a long time before I heard
the last of it. Boys enjo}' the mis-
ery of their companions, at least vil-
lage boys in that day did, and in
later life I have found that all adults
are not free from the peculiarity. I
kept the horse until he was four
years old, when he went blind, and I
sold him for twenty dollars. When
I went to Maysville to school, in
1836, at the age of fourteen, I recog-
nized my colt as one of the blind
horses w r orking on the tread-wheel of
the ferry boat.
' ' When I was fifteen years of age ' '
writes General Grant, " while at Flat
Rock, at the house of a Mr. Payne,
whom I w 7 as visiting with his brother,
a neighbor of ours in Georgetown, I
saw a very fine saddle horse, which
I rather coveted, and proposed to Mr.
Payne, the owner, to trade him for
one of the two I was driving. Payne
hesitated to trade with a boy, but
asking his brother about it, the lat-
ter told him that it would be all right
as I did as I pleased with the horses.
I was seventy miles from home with
a carriage to take back, and Mr.
Payne said be did not know that his
horse had ever had a collar on. I
asked to have him hitched to a farm
wagon and we would soon see
whether he would work. It was
soon evident that the horse had
never worn harness before, but he
showed no viciousness and I ex-
pressed a confidence that I could
manage him. A trade was at once
struck, I receiving ten dollars dif-
ference.
" The next day Mr. Payne, of
Georgetown, and I started on our
return ; we got along very well for a
few miles, when we encountered a
ferocious dog that frightened the
horses and made them run. The
new animal kicked at every jump he
made. I got the horses stopped,
however, before any damage was
done and without running into any-
thing. After giving them a little
rest, to quiet their fears, we started
again. That instant the new horse
9 8
GENERAL GRANT.
The Flume, Franconia Notch.
kicked and started to run once more.
The road we were on struck a turn-
pike within half a mile of the point
where the second runaway com-
menced, and there was an embank-
ment twenty or more feet deep on
the opposite side of the pike. I got
the horses stopped on the very brink
of the precipice. My new horse was
trembling like an aspen, but he was
not half so badly frightened as my
companion, Mr. Payne, who deserted
me after this last experience and
took passage on a freight wagon for
Maysville. Every time I attempted
to start my new horse would com-
mence to kick. I was in quite a
dilemma for a time. Once in Mays-
ville I could borrow a horse from an
uncle, who lived there, but I was
more than a day's travel from that
point. Finally I took out my ban-
GENERAL GRANT.
99
danua, the style of handkerchief in
universal use then, and with this
blindfolded my horse. In that way I
reached Maysville safely the next
day, no doubt much to the surprise
of my friend. Here I borrowed a
horse from my uncle, and the fol-
lowing day we proceeded on our
journey."
While a lad at school General
Grant was not especially noted for
progress in the three R's, but he was
the delight of the small boy's heart,
for he knew how to "draw a horse
and put a man on him."
At West Point he became the most
daring horseman in the academy,
and during his furlough days, spent
at home, his father, "in his bound-
less pride of his boy," provided him
with a fine young colt to ride, and,
" after a day at home, he rode like a
pursued Sioux over to Georgetown
to see the girls and boys of his ac-
quaintance." It is remembered that
he used to drive over " like Jehu and
load in some old friends and go off
whizzin'."
" One afternoon in June, 1843, while
I was at West Point, a candidate for
admission to the military academy, I
wandered into the riding hall where
the members of the graduating class
were going through their final
mounted exercises before Maj. Rich-
ard Delafield, the distinguished en-
gineer [then superintendent] of the
academic board, and a large assem-
blage of spectators.
" When the regular exercises were
completed, the class still mounted
was formed in through the center of
the hall. The riding master placed
the leaping bar higher than a man's
head and called out " Cadet Grant !"
A clean-faced, slender young fellow,
weighing about one hundred and
twenty pounds, dashed from the
ranks on a powerfully built chestnut-
sorrel horse, and galloped down the
opposite side of the hall. As he
turned at the farther end and came
into the straight stretch across which
the bar was placed the horse in-
creased his pace and measured his
strides for the great leap before him,
boundtd into the air and cleared the
bar, carrying his rider as if man and
beast were welded together, the spec-
tators were breathless.
"'Very well done, sir,' growled
Herschberger, the ringmaster, and
the class was dismissed." — James B.
Frye.
When spoken to about this feat
Cadet Grant was accustomed to smile
a little bashfully, and retreat by
saying, " Yes, York was a wonder-
fully good horse." The bar which
he leaped marked five feet six and a
half inches high, — a mark, it is said,
which has never been surpassed.
He left West Point "a kind, oblig-
ing, clean-lipped, good- hearted coun-
try boy, who could ride a horse over
a picket fence or across a tight rope."
It is related of General Grant that
he proposed to Miss Julia Dent while
driving with her, and after having
crossed a frail bridge which was
nearly submerged in a swollen, turbid
creek.
On approaching the bridge Miss
Dent became apprehensive and said,
"Are you sure it is all right?" "Oh,
yes; it's all right," he replied, man
fashion to woman's fears. "Well,
now, Ulysses, I 'm going to cling to
you if we go down," Miss Dent said.
"We won't go down," he replied,
and drove on resolutely across, while
the scared girl clung to his arm.
IOO
GENERAL GRANT.
She released her hold as they reached
the other side in safety, and he drove
on in thoughtful silence. At length
he cleared his throat, — "Julia, you
spoke just now of clinging to me no
matter what happened. I wonder if
Profile Rock, near Profile House.
you would cling to me all through
my life."
An incident connected with Gen-
eral Grant's sojourn among the Mexi-
cans is the following horse story told
by Professor Coppee, one of his com-
panions-in-arms : During their resi-
dence at the capital of the Montezu-
mas, Grant, who was always an ad-
mirable horseman, owned a fiery and
spirited stallion. A Mexican gentle-
man, with whom he was upon friendly
terms, asked the loan of the horse :
Grant said afterward, "I was afraid
he could not ride him, and yet I
knew if I said a word to that effect,
the suspicious Spanish nature would
think I did not want to loan him."
The result was the Mexican mounted
him, was thrown before he had gone
two blocks, and killed on the spot.
In the battle of Monterey Colonel
Garland finding that his ammunition
was running low and that it was be-
coming necessary to get word to
General Twiggs, his division com-
mander, calling for ammunition or
reinforcements, called for volun-
teers.
" Men, I 've got to send some one
back to General Twiggs. It 's a
dangerous job and I don't like to
order any man to do it ; who '11 volun-
teer?" "I will," said Quartermas-
ter Grant, promptly, "I've got a
horse." "You're just the man to
do it. Keep on the side streets and
ride hard." Grant needed no direc-
tion for he was among the best horse-
men in the entire command, and had
been instructed by the Comanches.
He swung himself over his saddle,
and with one heel behind the cantle
and one hand wound in his horse's
mane, dashed at full gallop down a
side street leading to the north, a
street which looked like a dry canal.
At every crossing he was exposed to
view, and the enemy, getting his
range, sent a slash of bullets after
him as he flashed past. Hanging
thus, he forced his horse to leap a
four-foot wall. He rode to the north
till safely out of fire, then regaining
his seat he turned to the east, and in
a few moments' time drew rein be-
fore General Twiggs and breathlessly
uttered his message. The ride for
ammunition w r as much talked of
among the men and everybody
praised him.
Soon after his marriage, as quarter-
master of his regiment, he was sta-
tioned at Sackett's Harbor, a dreary,
forlorn outpost in northern New
GENERAL GRANT.
101
York on the shores of Lake Ontario.
There with his wife he lived very
modestly, and his only dissipation was
owning a fast horse. He still had a
passion for horses and was willing to
pay a high price to get a fine one.
Life at the barracks was slow and
changeless and in playing games to
pass away the time Lieutenant Grant
soon became a good checker player
and "worsted everybody at the bar-
racks." Occasionally he would ride
over to Watertown to meet and van-
quish an expert. The distance was
ten miles, and he generally rode it
in forty-five minutes ; he could n't
abide a slow horse.
A few months later he returned to
Detroit. A French Canadian of the
town, named David Cicotte, owned a
small and speedy mare, which Grant's
keen eyes had observed and coveted,
and which he bought as soon as his
means allowed. This mare, under
Grant's training, became so speedy
Echo Lake.
that he was soon ' ' able to show the
back of his buggy to almost anything
in town."
His swift driving caused him to
be observed and remembered by the
people of Detroit far beyond any
other deed or characteristic. Every-
body knew Lieutenant Grant (and
his Cicotte mare) by sight. Other-
wise his life was very methodical.
Except for his fast driving he lived
inconspicuously. He loved horses,
no doubt of that. He used to race
Saturdays way out on Fifth avenue,
which was then a foremost racing
ground for the citizens. On bright
midwinter days every driving team
in Detroit would be there. Every
man who had a horse took part and
Grant was always there with his lit-
tle pony, which he bought of Dave
Cicotte.
At an early period of General
Grant's command, in the battle of
Belmont while embarking troops,
Grant rode back alone to visit a
rear guard he had posted. He was
amazed to find that they had fled to
the boats. This reconnoitering nearly
led to his capture, for when he came
back the boats were under fire of the
enemy's musketry, and were strug-
gling to get out in the stream, each
with the landward wheel spinning
uselessly in the air, the far side being
overcrowded with fleeing soldiery.
The general's uniform was covered
by a sort of rain coat, and his boat's
captain gave him no thought, and
w r as steaming away when an officer
cried out, — " Put in your boat ; that
is General Grant." There was no
path down the steep bank, but Grant's
marvelous command over horses came
into use. At his word the horse put
his fore feet over the bank, slid down
the sand on his haunches, and trotted
aboard over a single gang-plank.
Who does not remember the descrip-
tion given of General Grant at Fort
Donelson as he received a note from
the helpless commander of the flotilla,
102
GENERAL GRANT.
asking him to come to the flagship
as he was too much injured to leave
the boats ? The general at once
mounted and rode away. The roads
were very bad, and he could not
move out of a walk. He came on
the boat wearing a battered old hat,
the muddiest man in the army. He
was chewing a cigar, and was per-
fectly cool and self-possessed. He
found the commander and his boats
about equally disabled. After a con-
ference with him Grant gave him
leave to retire, and he started upon
his return to the front.
On his way he met his aide, white
with alarm and excitement. " The
enemy has made a fierce attack on
the forces of McClernand!" Grant
set spur to his horse and left the aide
far behind. He came upon the scene
of action, his old " clay bank " spat-
tering the yellow mud in every direc-
tion, — a most welcome figure. " Old
Jack," the "clay bank," "Egypt,"
a thoroughbred from southern Illi-
nois, and "Jeff Davis," a horse cap-
tured on Davis plantation in Missis-
sippi, were familiar names all through
General Grant's campaign.
For himself he found no time for
the decorative ceremonials of official
dress, but " his horse was always as
smooth as silk, and his trappings in
order." General Grant would not
see an animal abused. Once in the
wilderness campaign he came upon
a teamster beating a horse most
cruelly and with a sudden rush he
felled the miscreant with a clubbed
musket.
At the close of the war, on the
evening of the first day of the review
in Washington, General Grant
mounted his horse and rode down
the avenue. It was a business trip
and not intended in the least as a
participation in the display, but it
afforded the people an opportunity to
see the general of the armies. As
he rose to his saddle he seemed to be
transfigured. From the compact,
inert, and meditative man he be-
came the man who had pursued Dee
pitilessly from Petersburg to Appo-
mattox, who could ride all day and
sleep on the ground all night, who
had sent his army whirling against
Jackson, only to turn and face Pem-
berton the next day at Champion's
Hill. Here was the " man on horse-
back." His horse shone like bur-
nished bronze ; his uniform was new
and well-fitting, and in perfect order;
his new sugar-loaf hat added to his
stature, and his gloved hands held
the bridle reins with the careless ease
of a born horseman. The crowds
broke into thunders of greeting as he
swept by at a swift gallop. For the
first time the people of Washington
had seen General Grant, the soldier,
as his men knew him on the field of
battle.
At the Astor House in New York,
where he received the officials and
the throngs of people eager to meet
him, to one lady who was solicitous
in regard to his health he answered,
that "it is not very good, but I can
ride all day on horseback and sleep
all night on the ground very easily."
The " I will" of Chicago equalled
the enthusiasm of New York in its
outpouring. All that a grateful
and admiring people could do they
did. Mounted on "Old Jack," the
clay-bank war horse, who bore him
on the field at Donelson, he made his
way up the street in the procession,
while the whole city, apparently,
gathered on the sidewalk to see him
GENERAL GRANT.
103
pass. He was without spurs, and
"Old Jack," grown deliberate with
years and many wars, took his own
time, which added to the general's
embarrassment and to the great de-
light of the cheering multitudes.
The equestrian statue of General
Grant in Lincoln Park, Chicago, by
Rebisso, is said to be a fair portrait
and representation, but it is certainly
rather uninteresting, placed as it is,
on a pedestal, which, despite its im-
pressive simplicity of design, seems
to be demanding for itself more of
the observer's attention than does the
sculptor's work which it supports.
Then, too, the horse, with all its
perfection of drawing and attitude,
has an air of tameness and docility —
the sort of a horse which the staid,
aldermanic marshal of street parades
usually rides — rather unusual to note
in the representation of a charger,
and quite disappointing when one
remembers that General Grant
"could not abide a slow horse."
I have heard of riding wagers where horses
have been nimbler than the sands. That run
i' the clocks behalf. — Cymbeline Hi, 2,50.
The story of General Grant's fa-
mous stage-coach ride from Bethle-
hem to the Profile House was, on the
cap of my father's collection, told and
retold for my amusement, the very
button. As a child I nearly always
went with my father on his long rides
over the rough stony roads — "up,
over, and down" the rugged white
hills of northern New Hampshire.
These rides would often take all day
long, hot and dusty, — I would have
found them dreary and tiresome in-
deed had not my father taxed his
story- telling powers to the utmost in
entertaining me. I can't remember
of ever being tired, and the next day
would find me anxious, ready and
waiting to start off, perhaps, on a
still longer journey.
The story of "General Grant's
Ride" always concluded the list.
Sometimes father would pretend he
had forgotten to tell it just to see if I
would ask to have it repeated. He
never escaped ; a small pair of hands
would clasp the reins just in front of
the hand holding them — a sure way
of attracting his attention — and an
insistent "but you know, papa, you
haven't told the story yet" never
failed to bring the desired repetition,
" Why, little girl, don't you ever get
tired hearing about that ride?"
"No, papa, never; do you get
tired telling it?" "No, no, not to
you, my child." And then would
follow, perhaps, the hundredth tell-
ing. My only disappointment, as I
remember, was that the story was so
short, and often I would beg my
father to "think hard and see if he
hadn't left out something" and if
he " was sure nothing happened."
"Why, no, girlie, let me tell you
something. Once during a terrible
battle an officer asked General Grant
if he never felt afraid. The general
answered him, ' I never have time.'
That 's the way it was on this ride,
there wasn't time for anything to
happen, and if anything had hap-
pened General Grant would n't have
got there, and his getting there was
what made the story, don't you see?"
Being a fairly reasonable child I un-
derstood this explanation and tried
hard to be satisfied.
One day my father left me for a
short time at the village store in
Sugar Hill while he drove away in
company with a friend bound on a
secret mission concerning a horse
LU
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GENERAL GRANT.
105
trade. "Clark's" was a typical
country store. Everything under
the canopy that never had, could, or
would be wanted, or called for, was
on the shelves, in the show-cases, and
stacked on the counter, higgledy,
piggledy. One end of the store was
occupied by the post- office. The
duties of postmaster and storekeeper
were often performed, in the absence
of the proprietor, by either Sam
Davis, *a half-witted fellow, or Simon
Thayer, an old soldier, one of those
blue-coated heroes almost always ob-
fuscated in tobacco smoke, who spent
his time at the village store drawing
his pension, and a crowd around
him relating thrilling, hair-raising
accounts of the numerous battles he
had witnessed — in his mind's eye.
One of those infallible, soap-box
prophets who predict events after
they have come to pass — " a most
useful man, and a good citizen, when
he was asleep."
To-day, Simon was in evidence.
As I entered the store he was busy
posting a circus handbill, just below
the shelf that held the long row of
glass jars with metal tops, contain-
ing the usual fascinating, kaleido-
scopic assortment of stick candy, so
alluring to the heart of a child. I
wandered about the store for a time,
viewing the antiquated medley of
shop stuff, wondering, doubtless,
child fashion, why it was that the
only attractive things in the store —
the jars of candy — were placed so
conspicuously high, and nobody ever
seemed to take any notice of them
and never, never, said or even
thought, candy. "Just to make us
play we didn't want stick candy," I
very likely decided. Finding Simon
so absorbed in his circus bill I went
and stood in the doorway, looked up
and down the road, watching and wait-
ing for whatever might turn up. In
a few minutes a farmer drove up to
the store platform, tied a big knot in
the reins and dropped them over the
dashboard, turned a half somersault
and landed on the ground, over the
front wheel, and with a yank untied
from the saddle- ring the rope end of
the halter, which was already on the
horse's head, under the headstall, a
fashion which obtains among farmers
— a time-saving fashion in hitching
and unhitching, and a fashion, too,
which nearly obscures the horse's
head in a lattice work of straps and
gives the poor animal the appear-
ance of a neuralgic old woman with
her head bandaged. After giving
the end of the halter a slippery hitch,
through a ring in the door post, he
took from the rear of the wagon a
basket of eggs and ambled into the
store, deposited his basket on the
counter and went into the back store
— the smelly place, wdiere the com-
bined odor of kerosene, codfish, soap,
molasses, and turpentine permeates
everything and meets one more than
half way on entering. From a box
of scythes, on the floor near the door-
way, he selected one which suited
him, fitted it on to a snath and, after
bending both in different directions
in testing their relative merits, called
out to Simon, who had been rather
slow in following his prospective
purchaser, owing to the fascinating
charms of the show bill, that he
"guessed that this one would do,
and that he 'd better be countin' out
them eggs." As he stood running
his thumb and finger along the edge
of the scythe, a performance calcu-
lated to " turn one all over goose
io6
GENERAL GRANT.
flesh " "to see if it would take hold,''
Simon handed out a whetstone, a
lagniappe, which nearly always ac-
companies the purchase of a scythe
and snath, and asked, with that air
of irritating Yankee indifference so
peculiar to country traders, " Goin'
to hev' a pooty fair yield of grass,
Linus?"
"Well," came the reply, "the
he stopped . he cocked up one eye,
and, with a twist of his mouth, said,
" Sounds sorter like hayin ; makes yer
kinder hanker after the jug, don't it ?"
" It does, certain," responded
Simon, as he picked up a handful of
clothespins, which had served him as
tally marks for the eggs — one for
every dozen — and carefully counted
them. When he had finished, and
Sinclair House, Bethlehem.
lower medder will cut middlin, but I
won't git 'nuff grass off 'n that side
hill field next to Cogswell's ter wipe
my scythe with ; hev ter carry long
a wet rag, I spose." A gurgling
noise in Simon's throat, which might
possiblv betaken for a laugh, greeted
this remark, and, as a sort of accom
panimeut, Linus played the whetstone
along the edge of the scythe, first on
one side and then on the other, un-
til he reached the very point. As
his snail-like mental process had ar-
rived at the amount due to balance
the trade, Linus got down in his
jeans by way of the side entrance,
brought up his wallet, unbound the
twice around strap, slowly and care-
fully selected an amount of the pale
and common drudge between man
and man, sufficient to satisfy the
claim, reluctantly dropped the pieces
of silver into Simon's extended palm,
and closed the trade.
GENERAL GRANT.
107
Simon and the store, after the ex-
citement of the transaction was over,
and Linus had tucked his purchases
under one arm, swung his empty bas-
ket over the other and sloped out of
the door, seemed drearier than ever,
and I thought that I never could wait
father's return. I made numerous
futile attempts to draw Simon's at-
tention to the candy jars, but, alas !
how she did bunch up her back and
bristle out her fur, quite a fretful
porcwpine, and spit and strike out
her paws ! Her show of spirit, I re-
member, quite surprised me, for she
was such a decent, demure-looking
cat from her undisputed post of van-
tage in the doorway, where she
usually sat, sleepily watching every-
body that passed, viewing those who,
Drivers' Group, Profile House.
Edmund K. Cox, Samuel Attar d, Chas. Jones, IV. C. Steams, H. B. Marden, Albert Nurse.
I had not the persuasive penny,
without which a country storekeep-
er's heart is as adamant. An appeal
to the " great stone face " is not less
responsive. Failing in my attempts
to beguile him into treating me — he
was too old a bird to be caught — I
made things decidedly interesting for
the store cat by chasing her out into
the road, right into the very face of
an idle, vagabond dog. Dear, dear,
by chance, entered the store with
much seeming curosity and evident
surprise, now and then stretching out
her neck to see if, for a wonder, any-
thing was going on at the top or bot-
tom of the road, but pussy was sel-
dom disturbed by the excitement of
anything going on which would, in
any way, interfere with her peaceful,
sleepy existence.
The cat and dog unpleasantness
io8
GENERAL GRANT.
over, the dog routed and put to igno-
minious flight, his tail tucked be-
tween his legs, yelping from the en-
counter with " stickly prickly" fe-
line paws, Mrs. Pussy victoriously
returns, jumps up on to the counter,
smooths out her ruffled coat, and
very soon appears supremely uncon-
conscious of the recent combat. All
at once the thought occurs to me
that, perhaps, Simon, having always
lived at Sugar Hill, and an old
Cox's Flume Team.
soldier, too, might happen to know
a great deal about General Grant's
ride. As the thought was fast taking
possession of me I lost no time in
asking him. "So," he said, in
rather a pitying, condescending tone
of voice, "hain't you ever heard
about that?"
"Oh, yes," I replied, assuming as
indifferent an air as I could, so that
he should not think I wanted the
story too much, " lots of times, but I
thought, 'cause you are an old sol-
dier, may be you knew more about it
than anybody else." This reply
proved to be a bit of unconscious
diplomacy that oiled the wheel of his
reminiscences, and you will hear for
yourself how it began to revolve.
Meanwhile I had become very alert,
and, in my anxiety not to lose a
word, had drawn very near him and
stood with my hand on his shoulder,
in a mood of expectancy born of
hope. My attentive attitude was not
lost upon the old raconteur, and he
took advantage of my eagerness for
him to begin his tale in the way all
"grown ups " take, by making me
wait his own good time and pleasure.
At length he took his pipe out
of his mouth and held it in his
hand, poised in the meditative
fashion peculiar to those who make
disastrous chances and hair breadth
'scapes their main feature and charm,
and, after many false starts, much
stroking of the chin, gazing at va-
cancy out over the top of the door-
way, and all that hesitancy of cool
deliberation with which a wise man
makes a beginning, proceeded to
paint the lily. "Know all about
that ride, hey ? Well, I should say
so ! Outside of the general himself,
and Ed. Cox, I don't 'spose there's
any buddy livin' knows more 'bout
it than I do. 'Spose you 've heard
tell that them hosses run every inch
of the road ? Well, they didn't, not
by my galluses, they didn't; they
just floo, actooly fioo, over the road,
half the time the off wheels 'o that
stage was jist spinnin' in the air
when they rounded the curves."
"Why," said he, "from the time
Ed. Cox made the start from Bethle-
hem till he threw down the lines in
front of the Profile House, he stood
in his boots every minnit, with that
GENERAL GRANT.
109
ere whip lash of his over the hosses,
cuttin' slices out the air every leap
the critters made, and the general
holdin' on ter his hat with one hand
and on ter the seat with the other
[he rode long side the driver you
know] and holleriu' out to 'stop,'
'stop,' all the durn time. But Cox,
he didn't hear nuthin'. His princi-
pal business was 'tendin' to them
hosses and he just naturally kept 'em
climbin'. Yer see there was a bet
out among a passel of them stage-
drivers, and Ed. he was bound to
win if he bust every trace to do it,
and he did win, too, by gorry ! and
when he rounded inter that ere cir-
cle in front of the Profile them hosses,
every critter of 'em, dropped in ther
tracks sudden 's if they 's shot. I '11
be dummed if they didn't The gen-
eral, he had to be carried in ter the
tavern, and all his crowd. The
hosses, they had to be rubbed and
worked over all night, and the lead-
ers wan't never worth a tow string
ever afterwods."
This was so utterly different from
my father's way of telling, and had
so impressed me with the feeling that
I had been imposed upon, that I had
quietly in my anger and indignation,
backed away from Simon and was
regarding him very distrustfully, as
he looked around at me to see what
an impression he had made, and to
say: "Now you'll think I know
something about General Grant's
ride, I guess." "I think," making
for the door, for I was bound I would
not stay there another second, "that
you've told an awful big lie." And
it is quite likely that I hoped and be-
lieved that he would finally meet the
fate of all descendants of Ananias,
and when he died " the fiery dragons
G. M.- 8
would eat him up and the mortar pes-
tles pound him."
With this version my interest in
the story of the wonderful ride
waned, and not again was it brought
forcibly to my mind until during the
past summer, when I drove with a
six-horse stage-coach party from Lit-
tleton to the Profile House. As we
were going up the "Three Mile
Hill," a hill so steep in places that a
danger signal is placed at the top as
a warning to bicyclists — up, up into
the very heart of the mountain, — we
stopped to breathe our horses. The
day being very warm, and the roads
heavy from recent rain, we were ob-
liged to stop often. This was the
very road made historical by that
memorable ride. This the receiving
earth into which those flying steeds
with their illustrious burden — "the
general of our horse" — printed their
proud hoofs. Thus the dim outlines
of the story, as it was told me by
my father in the happy days of child-
hood, were recalled, and I resolved,
on our return, to stop at Franconia
village, through which the main
traveled road to the Profile House
runs, and try to find somebody —
surely there must be somebody still
living there — able to recall the chief
events of a ride, which I was so
anxious to hear again retold.
My determination to remain at
Franconia over night having over-
come the many objections of my com-
panions to my project, I was, there-
fore, on our return ride from the Pro-
file late in the afternoon, dropped off
as one with whom the power of per-
suasion was nil, and left to "gang
my own gait."
On the following morning, very
soon after breakfast, and after hav-
no
GENERAL GRANT.
ing made some inquiries relative to
my quest, I set out, in the direction
which had been suggested as offer-
ing promising possibilities, hoping
all things, and in a frame of mind to
believe all things. I had walked
nearly a mile when I overtook a man
trudging along in that jerky, half
lame, "dot and go one' sort of
walk, almost always observable in
mountain farmers, a style of gait
which they acquire, doubtless, from
trying to gain a foothold as they fol-
low their work over their side-hill
farms. As I came alongside he
merely nodded in recognition of my
" good morning," his manner plainly
showing a marked disinclination to
be an active party to a morning chat.
He evidently belonged to that class
of individuals who solemnly believe
that more men are sorry for speaking
than for keeping silence ; but I had
met many of his kind before, so was
not in the least dismayed, or taken
aback by his taciturnity, and merci-
lessly showered questions upon him,
thick and fast. Finding that my
stick-by- ativeness had much of the
tenacious quality of a burdock burr
to a lamb's tail, the emergency of the
case caused his mouth, like that of
the prophet's ass, to open, and, after
much of the underbrush of irrelevant,
superfluous talk was cleared away,
he finally emerged into the open
ground of plain "yes" and "no,"
and gave me just what I sought.
"You'll find," said he, " quite a
piece back, a one-story house with a
L on to one end of it, with a long
piazza in front, settin' back quite a
ways, through a garden, off'n the
main road. That 's where Uncle
Ben Daniel lives, lived there nigh
forty year I guess. He 's allers kept
posted about everything round these
parts and he '11 remember all about
that ride, what he tells you, you can
depend on, certain."
Retracing my steps I found the
"quite a piece back" a distance of
over two miles. Following a little
smooth-trodden path running along-
side the road as narrow 7 , but not as
straight, as the one which, according
to the psalmist, leads to heaven with
here and there a traveler, I eventu-
ally came to the dwelling, which had
been described to me, and was glad,
indeed, of the glass of water and
rocking chair which "mother," the
wife of Uncle Ben Daniel, fetched me
in response to my knock and in-
quiries.
"Yes," she said, "father's out in
the garden pullin' weeds. Father,
he ain't feelin' very rugged ; been
kinder pindlin' all spring, and these
hot days take holt of him considera-
bul. He '11 be real glad to come in
and rest a spell, and have somebody
to talk with. I '11 go call him." But
the sound of a strange voice had al-
ready reached him, and, in answer to
the promptings of curiosity, he at
this moment stood in the doorway,
holding his weather-beaten straw hat,
a veteran of many summers, by the
crown, with the edge of the brim rest-
ing underneath his chin, and vigor-
ously mopping his shining face with
his handkerchief. " Mother" brought
out another chair, but very soon ex-
cused herself by saying," "I '11 hev
to go and put the meat over for din-
ner."
"Well, well, I declare! So you
want to hear about that ride again ?"
and the kindly old face fairly beamed
with his recollections and the pros-
pect of an interested listener.
GENERAL GRANT.
in
" Most everybody has forgotten all
about it, I guess, but I remember all
about it jest as plain as if 'twas yes-
terday. You see it happened way
back in '69. It was sometime in the
month of August — I don't recollect
jest what time of the month it was —
that word had got around that Gen-
eral Grant and a party was goin' to
make a tour of the White Mountains.
At that time Ed. Cox owned the best
team of horses in these parts, eight
matched chestnut-sorrel thorough-
breds. The leaders could n't be
bought for less than three thousand
dollars cash. Every horse was as
clean as a whistle ; not a spot or blem-
ish anywhere. They were as hand-
some a lot of horses as you ever see
in harness, and, travel ! They could
go like the wind ! So it was decided
that when General Grant came —
everybody knew how the general
liked horses — Cox should be the one
to meet the party at Bethlehem.
Well, one day, seems to me it was
the last part of the month, but I
won't say sure, Cox got word about
noon that General Grant would reach
Bethlehem that night. I got wind of
it, and long about three o'clock in
the afternoon I sauntered over to the
stable to take a look at the team as
they was bein' hitched up. The ' Flume
chariot,' as they called it, was roomy ;
good springs ; had a high box seat
for the driver, and would carry a
dozen or more.
" We all knew that Cox was goin'
to break the record for fast stage
driving, and there was some bets out
amongst a lot of the stage drivers,
who stood around waitin' for the
start. Some said he could n't make
the run in less than two hours, while
others there was who said he 'd do
well if he made it in two hours and
a half; but Cox, he kept a quiet
tongue in his head as he carefully
looked over and tried every strap and
buckle. All he said was that the
horses knew that ' they had got to do
their level best,' that he wouldn't
say anything about the time now,
but for all of us to 'just wait and
see.'
"Don't talk to me about horses
not knowin' or understandin' ! You
could tell by the actions of them
horses, every one of 'em, that they
knew somethin' unusual was goin' to
happen. 'T was all Cox could do to
manage them as he was hitchin' up,
dancin' and prancin' as they was led
out of the stable. Their ears pricked
up : their eyes full of fire, nippin' and
strikin' out at each other, and, when
the leaders came out and were put
to, it took a man at the head of each
horse to keep them from dashin' off.
When Cox took his seat and gath-
ered up the lines the horses broke
away from us and bounded off like
hounds. The minute they started,
we was all pretty well worked up by
this time, we all took off our hats,
threw them up in the air and shouted :
' Cox is goin' to fetch the presi-
dent ! Hurrah for Grant ! Hurrah for
Grant ! '
' ' As Cox would take plenty of
time goin', we calculated that he
would get to the Sinclair House at
Bethlehem 'bout dusk. So, after an
early supper that night I drove to the
Profile House, along with a number
of old stage whips, who wanted to be
there when Cox and the presidential
party arrived. Before I started I
cautioned ' mother ' to keep a sharp
lookout, for she would see the presi-
dent drive by at a pretty good rate of
I 12
GENERAL GRANT.
travelin'." As "mother" had already
joined us and was sitting near by
listening attentively she interrupted
Uncle Ben Daniel at this point by
saying, "Yes, I kept a pretty close
watch all the evenin', settin' out here
on the piazza, lookin' down the road
every little while ; pretty soon I
heard a rumblin' noise and quite a
clatter, but before I could scarce say
to myself the president 's comin', I
see a great cloud of dust whirlin' up
the road, and I started for the front
gate. I had almost got to the gate
when the cloud of dust whirled by.
I could n't see to make out a single
figure in the stage, and the horses
seemed to me to be spread out flat,
and their bellies almost touchin' the
ground. I hadn't time to hardly
think before they was out of sight."
"'Yes,' responded her husband,
laughingly, ' Mother was pretty well
worked up and excited, but she
was terrible disappointed 'cause she
couldn't make out General Grant in
that cloud of dust. L,et 's see, where
did I leave off ? Oh, yes, I was sayin'
as how I went with a parcel of stage-
drivers to the Profile to wait for Cox.
Well, after Cox got to Bethlehem he
put up his team, gave them a good
feed and rest, and in about two hours
drove to the Sinclair House for his
party. It was about seven o'clock as
the president and his company walked
out of the hotel. The general's keen
eyes recognized at once the quality of
the horses standing before him, and
he stepped up to the driver and said,
' If you haven't any objections I will
ride up here with you.' Cox an-
swered him that ' It is pretty rough
ridin' up here, General,' but, the presi-
dent said, ' I can stand it if you can,'
and climbed up into the driver's seat.
When the party had all taken their
seats Cox gathered up the lines and
away they started for the Profile.
"The telegraph operator at the
Sinclair House sent a message to the
Profile the minute they started. It
was exactly seven o'clock. You re-
member that little barkin' cannon
that is kept at Echo lake, about half
a mile this side of the Profile — kept
there to amuse the guests of the
hotel who want to listen for the
echo? Well, arrangements had been
made that when Cox passed this
point the gunner should fire off the
cannon three times, so that those
waiting at the Profile should be
ready and on a sharp lookout for
them. Well, 'long 'bout eight
o'clock we had got word that they
was on' the road ; the crowd of us
stood near the hotel talkin' and
waitin', when all of a sudden bang
went the cannon ! The guests all
run out on to the piazza. We looked
at each other, then we looked at our
watches and we said ' It can't be !
Look at the time !' but it was, for we
could hear the clatter of the horses'
hoofs comin', and before we heard the
second signal from the cannon every-
body was shoutin', ' Here they are!
here they are ! clear the road ! ' and
in a flash they were right on us,
comin' around a bend in the road
into the large circle in front of the
hotel, Cox holdin' the lines drawn
hard up, and General Grant beside
him holdin' on to his hat with one
hand and onto the side of the seat
with the other. The horses in a dead
jump, white with foam. When Cox
put on the brake and stopped the
coach we all took out our watches.
The drive had been made in jest fifty-
eight minutes. The president, when
GENERAL GRANT.
"3
he got down from the box seat, was a
curious sight. He was covered with
dust from head to foot. Mrs. Grant
was in the party, and, if I remember,
Miss Nellie Grant, and one of the
sons was there, too. I don't remem-
ber the names of the others.
" We helped take care of the
horses ; I worked over one of the
leaders a good while ; they was all
shaky and winded, of course, but not
hurt a bit. After we got them
rubbed down and fixed up for the
night we all went into the hotel
office. Somebody asked Cox how
the horses was, and he said they
could do it over again, but they was
pretty stiff now, and would ache
some all night. The president was
anxious to know how they was too.
He came into the office and give us a
good account of the ride. He said
the way Cox handled his horses beat
anything he had ever seen, and that
the further they went the better they
traveled."
' ' You ask how did they ever make
that three mile hill," added Uncle
Ben Daniel, bending towards me,
his face grown flushed and heated in
the recount of these exciting details.
"How did they ever do it? L,et
me tell you. Them horses knew by
the way the lines was held that there
was somebody settin' beside the
driver that when he set out to do a
thing he done it. It was because
General Grant was on the box seat.
It ain't in the power of horse flesh to
travel that distance in that length of
time for any other man that ever
lived!"
Not to die a listener, as my kind
friend showed symptons of supple-
menting his story at great length, I
was obliged to beat a hasty retreat by
pleading an anxiety about my return
home. • •
Among the traditions of the Profile
House that the old stage drivers love
to relate, and over which they lin-
ger with fond recollections, is Ed.
Cox's wonderful drive, six horses
over eleven miles of mountain roads,
with twelve persons, in fifty-eight min-
utes, and General Grant on the box.
A few weeks later, while in Ply-
mouth, it was my fortune to meet a
daughter of Edmund Cox, that vet-
eran of the whip. From her I gath-
ered facts concerning the foregoing
tale, as related by Uncle Ben Daniel,
which fully verified its truthfulness.
Mrs. Sargent showed me the small,
gold-fringed, silken flags, stars and
stripes, which adorned the heads of
the leaders on that occasion. I was
also shown a coach whip, a Christ-
mas gift from General Grant in recog-
nition of his admiration for the prow-
ess exhibited by Cox on that mem-
orable, record-breaking ride. The
whip is a most ornate affair. The
ebony stock is four feet in length,
showing many silver ferrules, with
a lash of finely braided pig-skin,
twelve feet long ; the whole enclosed
in a velvet lined morocco case, the
centre of the cover being ornamented
by a silver plate with the name " Ed-
mund K. Cox, Franconia, N. H."
In the picture which represents an
old-time stage-coach, Cox appears
perched near the box, just over the
front wheel. All of these disciples
of Tony Weller, seen in the picture,
were well and favorably known in
their day and occupation, and they
all, with the exception of the one
sitting on the step of the coach in the
middle of the group, have driven on
to their last " Grand Junction."
THK MARCH OF TIME.
By Walter Cummings Butterworth.
O matchless sun, O peerless light,
That shines thro' time's decline —
Down thro' the boundless realms of space,
From azure heights divine.
Long, long before the age of man
Thy blazing light arose,
And long ere thou shalt cease to shine
Shall his brief cycles close.
Slow thro' long ages thou shalt wane,
And slow thy fires recede.
Then, cooling, thou shalt crystallize,
And man the races lead.
Primeval man — how few would now
Thy rough rude form concede,
The pioneer that this proud race
Thro' ages long should lead.
Grieve not, proud man, to own as such
The grandsire of our kin ;
'Tis better far to gain so much,
Than rest where we begin.
For slowly from the lowest forms
This race of man must come ;
Abide while centuries change and pass,
And other tribes succumb.
Thus, man with all the host of earth
Must thro' the ages move,
Till nature shall in its good time
His mortal state improve.
The world itself in its great form,
By time all chang'd shall be.
Vast tracts of earth shall be submerg'd,
And mountains cleave the sea.
THE MARCH OF TIME. 115
Great forests on thy crest shall rise,
And in their turn shall go
Back to enrich the earth and make
Still other forests grow.
The rising up amid decay ;
The coming of new forms ;
So grew the earth and all her host,
Thro' centuries' suns and storms.
And each new age as it shall go
Into the silent past,
Shall leave its fossil-press'd remains
All buried deep and fast.
Down thro' the ages earth has kept
A record of the past ;
And in the strata of her crest
Her history shall last.
From age to age new tribes shall pass
Over thy broad expanse ;
And thro' the steady march of time
Thy races shall advance.
The fittest shall survive, and last,
The weak shall pass away,
And kings in pomp and pride and might
Upon thy crest hold sway.
The strong shall rule, the weak shall fear,
The injured shall arise ;
And storms of war shall mar thy crest,
And thunders shake thy skies.
Each man shall have his world within ;
His earthly temples build ;
In hope or fear or love or pain
Shall all his years be fill'd.
His day is short ; soon he shall pass
Back to the earth again ;
While children's children come and go,
Still shall the earth remain.
Weak souls amid the strife go down,
And being weak, lose all ;
The strong from wreck shall rise again
Ennobled by the fall.
n6 THE MARCH OF TIME.
And when a great and true man strives
To overcome his lot,
And rises by those sturdy blows
That say " Forbid me not,"
The hills of fate and destiny
Are roll'd and roll'd away,
And over all the hand of time
Moves with majestic sway.
Nor is the future pre-ordained ;
Or destinies forewrought ;
Or man himself, of grace depriv'd
To shape his earthly lot.
For grander grow the deeds of man
With each decade of time,
And nature from her martial realms
Smiles on his work sublime.
And here and there among the throng
That tread life's busy way,
The great, wrought in their deeds remain,
And long outlive their day.
Shall in the great hereafter wait
A haven of repose,
Or streets of gold, or gates of pearl,
Or hell to burn our foes?
May not the haven that awaits,
Await for one and all,
And there, as here, our deeds and acts
Decide our rise or fall ?
On thro' the ages earth shall wane,
The elements shall spare,
Nor form, nor force ; the heights shall fall ;
The seas be cold and bare.
And life, and heat, and ev'ry force,
Shall each and all succumb ;
Until with age thy light shalt wane,
And thou a moon become.
And now thy place, thou barren moon,
Another world supplies,
And on that world, another sun
Shall with the morning rise.
THE MARCH OF TIME. n 7
O silver moon in far south sky,
That dawns at fading day ;
O mighty sun that lit the worlds
Of ages passed away !
O aged sphere that shines upon
And lights refleetingly,
With borrow'd glow of other suns,
The sun that once lit thee !
New worlds shall come and pass away,
And so thro' changing time
Both worlds and men shall come and go ;
New eons move sublime.
A purpose have these rolling spheres ;
A purpose deep and true ;
And all that they shall leave undone
Shall other ages do.
When we shall leave these temples grand,
Ill-finished at the grave,
A brighter hope is burning still,
For God his works will save.
And in the deep and dark beyond,
From life that here began,
Will God reveal in future time
A higher type of man.
Yet higher and still higher shall
The spirit- soul attain.
Nor think that aught shall stay its flight
While light and force remain.
Then who shall limit man's domain,
Or who shall tell his fall ?
For One hath given life to him —
The God who reigns o'er all.
OUR HEROES.
By Isabel Ambler Gilman.
We sing of the heroes of long ago,
The heroes of sword and pen,
Whose names are recorded on history's page,
New Hampshire's most famous men.
The battles they fought and the deeds they wrought
All into romance have grown ;
Oh, they were all right but I sing to-night
Of the heroes who died unknown.
We sing of the men of the Granite state,
The men who went forth to war ;
The men who have climbed to the notch of fame
By way of the senate and bar ;
The men who went West in adventurous quest
A fortune to make or find ;
Oh, they were all right, but I sing to-night
Of the workers they left behind.
We sing of New Hampshire's determined sons,
Achieving success and fame
In far-away cities where grit and zeal
Have made for each one a name ;
Our men of to-day who are far away,
Our dear ones who loved to roam,
Oh, they are all right but I sing to-night
Of the brothers we kept at home.
The men who were raised on our homesteads old
To handle the spade and plow,
The men who abandoned the farms and are
The pride of New Hampshire now;
They come with their wealth in the search of health
To mountain and lake-shore calm,
Oh, they are all right but I sing to-night
Of the heroes who stayed on the farm.
I sing of the thousands of loyal sons
Who faithfully plant and sow,
The thousands who toil in obscurity
That others may nobler grow.
Oh, not of the few whom the great world knew,
The names by New Hampshire prized,
For they are all right, but I sing to-night
Of the heroes unrecognized.
MAJ. BRIAN PENDLETON IN NEW HAMPSHIRE AND MAINE.
By F. B. Sanborn.
HREE classes of persons
were prominent in the
colonization and defense
of New England, from
the date of the first at-
tempts at settlement by the English
in Maine, Massachusetts, and New
Hampshire (i6oo-'28), till the Ameri-
can Revolution and later. These
were (i) the merchants and capital-
ists who ventured their money here
in various forms of trade and in-
vestment ; (2) the clergymen who
founded churches aud watched over
education and religious interests ;
and (3) the men of affairs, who, as
governors, agents, land-surveyors,
surgeons, and soldiers held the of-
fices, raised and supported the mili-
tia, laid out the towns and the town-
grants, took up land for cultivation
or for mast-cutting and lumber-mak-
ing, managed sawmills and grist-
mills, kept taverns ("ordinaries"),
built and sailed vessels, imported and
sold goods, attended the sick and
wounded, and, in short, supplied the
lack of that varied classification of
ranks and division of labor, which,
even then, existed in the mother
country. Oftentimes these men com-
bined three or four of those pursuits,
— took up land, owned mills, did
trading, were interested in ship-
building and fishing, held office,
commanded soldiers, sat as judges,
practised " chirurgery," or "kept
tavern." The last-named was a very
respectable pursuit in many cases,
and was followed by the founders of
important families (the Wentworths
of Portsmouth, the Belchers of Bos-
ton, etc.). The capitalists were few,
and most of those never resided in
New England, but ventured, and
often lost, their English money in
our seaports and timber-lands, or in
trading for furs and fish. The
clergymen were also relatively few,
although many came and went with-
out finding a permanent home in
this new English Canaan. But the
men of affairs were numerous, as
were the plain people who made their
position important or lucrative, — the
planters, fishermen, mechanics, farm-
ers, and laborers that formed the
bulk of the colonial population.
Among the active colonists who
did their full share to plant, regulate,
and defend the early settlements,
Brian Pendleton (so he always signed
his name in plain and bold charac-
ters) was for more than forty years
very prominent, first in Massachu-
setts, then in " Pascataway," which
soon became New Hampshire, and
lastly in Maine, after it came under
the jurisdiction of Massachusetts.
He was born, presumably, in or near
London, about 1599 ; landed in Bos-
ton about 1633, and was made a free-
man of Watertown in September that
year. He was already married, and
had, at least, one son born in Eng-
land, James Pendleton, who finally
settled in Westerly, R. I., giving up
his estate in New Hampshire, and
such property as he had in Sudbury,
Mass. Brian Pendleton helped set-
120
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
tie Sudbury and lived there or in
Watertown for nearly twenty years,
representing both towns in the gen-
eral court, and serving as selectman,
land surveyor, etc. After purchas-
ing land in Ipswich, but probably
with no intent to live there, he next
appears, about 1651, in " Straw-
berry Bank," as Portsmouth was
then called, and was one of the pe-
titioners to the Massachusetts gen-
eral court in May, 1653, asking that
the name be changed to Portsmouth,
as it soon was. About the same
time (165 1) Joseph Mason, a kins-
man and agent of the heirs of Capt.
John Mason (who had invested some
thousands of pounds in colonizing
Portsmouth, but died in England
without coming over, in 1635) ap-
peared in Strawberry Bank and at
Boston, petitioning the same general
court for justice to Mrs. Anne Mason
and her grandchildren, whose in-
herited property in Captain Mason's
colony of New Hampshire had
strangely disappeared since 163 1,
when the titular owner of the colony
began to invest money and send set-
tlers and agents there. Joseph Ma-
son alleged to the Massachusetts au-
thorities (1652-53),
" Thatthe inhabitants of Kittery and Agaman-
ticus, taking advantage of the death of Captain
Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorge, and the ab-
sence of their heirs, have divided great quan-
tities of lands at Pascataway, that lay in com-
mon to all the said associates (Gorges, Mason,
Eyre, Warnerton, etc.) among thirty families
of themselves, — many of them being the ser-
vants and children of the servants of the said
Captain Mason." This fact, he said, " appears
by a copy of said division, made at a meet-
ing held at Strawberry Bank, 6th September,
1645, — Number 11, and by letters of Joseph Ma-
son, numbers 8 and 9."
No such record or letters now ap-
pear among the papers of the general
court, and, what is suspicious, the
record itself at Portsmouth soon dis-
appeared. A descendant of Biian
Pendleton has recently given this
version of the connection of his an-
cestor with the mutilation of the
Portsmouth records :
On the 5th of April, 1652, Captain Pendleton,
with John Pickering, Renald Fernald, Henry
Sherburne, and James Johnson was chosen
Townsman (the equivalent of "Selectman") and
they were given power " to lay out land ac-
cording as they think best for the conveniency
of the Town ;" also " to order all town affairs,
fine any man for breach of order, make rates
for public charges, and to call town-meetings."
On the night of this day happened what we to-
day would consider a reckless piece of business
on the part of the five Townsmen ; but which
they did, I believe, in good faith, and for the
good of the colony at Strawberry Bank. The
old town-book was in very bad condition, and
probably contained much that was detrimental
to the character of the colon5' ; so these men
met and went through this town-book, crossing
out all they believed useless, and copying into
a " new town-book " all that was good. This
action has been severely criticised, but as we
do not know the conditions then existing, we
cannot justly accuse them.
It is barely possible that the old
town- book may not have been
destroyed, and that it may yet ap-
pear, but it has not been seen or
heard from for nearly two hundred
and fifty years, and that copy from it
which Joseph Mason lodged with
Edward Rawson, the Massachusetts
secretary, has also vanished. The
presumption must be that something
existed in the early records which
John Pickering, Renald Fernald,
Henry Sherburne, and James John-
son, all early inhabitants of Ports-
mouth, and Brian Pendleton, a re-
cent comer, wished to obliterate ;
and the statement of Mason leads to
the suspicion that a part of the oblit-
eration concerned the Mason prop-
erty, which, as we know from other
sources, was divided among Ports-
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
I2f
mouth residents, and others, and
could not be reclaimed a few years
later. It may be and is alleged that
the servants and creditors of Mason
and his associates had claims against
the property, which were satisfied by
such a division ; but it would be
more satisfactory to the historian,
and more creditable to the new
"Townsmen," if they had allowed
the record to stand as it had been
made. Their haste, and the fact
that in the preceding year, 1651, the
inhabitants had appealed to Massa-
chusetts for protection against the
heirs of John Mason, make it proba-
ble that the obliteration of records
had something to do with this resis-
tance to the Mason claim. The Gen-
eral Court made no direct answer to
Joseph Mason's petition, and it was
renewed at various times after 1653,
either to the Massachusetts authori-
ties, or to the king or his councilors,
by Joseph or Robert Mason, or their
friends in New Hampshire and
Maine. Joseph Mason made a fair
proposition to the general court in
1653, in these terms :
Your petitioner upon examination of Cap-
tain Mason's estate can find nothing left but
the bare lands and the monuments of ruin,
with sundry encroachments of the inhabitants
of Strawberry Bank upon the said lands ; who
disposeth of the same among themselves, by
virtue of their Township (as they pretend), the
authority whereof, as I suppose, shoirid be de-
rived from this honored Court, and not of
themselves. . . . And for the better satis-
faction of this Court in point of right and title
unto these lands, with other possessions within
the said River of Pascataway, your petitioner is
always ready to make appear the Proprietor's
rights, for avoiding future suits in law, that
otherwise may arise or grow hereon. Our
humble request is that this honored Court
would be pleased to take into consideration the
great wrongs and damages we have sustained
by the aforesaid men of Strawberry Bank, that
they may be called to account for their so do-
ing, and . . . would be pleased to appoint
Commissioners that live thereabouts ; and I
will (under favor) nominate others in behalf
of the Proprietors ; that so this Court may be
informed of the truth of all that is hereby de-
sired, that due justice and right may be ren-
dered unto us. And in the mean time I hum-
bly desire that timely notice may be given unto
the Selectmen of Stawberry Bank, that they act
no further by their pretended power as afore-
said.
No action followed on this by the
General Court, whose strength was to
sit still, but the selectmen (towns-
men) of Portsmouth went on to grant
land by the hundred acres to their
own friends, and to some (Francis
Champernoon, for example) who
were on Mason's side. In proof of
this the records are extant, and fur-
ther evidence is given by a petition
of Champernoon and others (July,
1665) to the royal commissioners,
Carr, Cartwright, and Maverick in
behalf of the inhabitants of Ports-
mouth and Strawberry Bank as fol-
lows :
Your petitioners for several years last past
have been kept under the Government of the
Massachusetts by an usurped power, whose
laws are derogatory to the laws of England ;
under which power five or six of the richest
men of this parish have ruled, swayed and or-
dered all offices, both civil and military, at
their pleasures, . . . and at the election of
officers the aforesaid party, or the greatest part
of them, have always kept themselves in offices
for the managing of the gifts of lands and set-
tling them ; whereby they have engrossed the
greatest part of the lands within the precincts
and limits of this plantation into their own
hands. . . . The parties we petition against
are Joshua Moodey, Minister ; Richard Cutt,
John Cutt, Klias Styleman, Nathaniel Fryer,
Brian Pendleton, Merchants.
This connects Major Pendleton
with the original transactions of
i65i-'53 ; and it is noteworthy that
in his later life (October, 1677) he pe-
titioned King Charles that Ports-
mouth might remain under Massa-
chusetts.
122
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
From 1652, Captain Pendleton be-
came one of the most active public
servants of the little town ; he was
townsman, treasurer, deputy to the
Massachusetts legislature, court mag-
istrate, committee-man, and general
agent for town business. He held
courts at Great Island and Dover,
built a windmill where the New Castle
fort now stands (as it has for two
centuries), had large grants of land
up the river and small ones on Great
Island, which was then, though but
450 acres in extent, the most in-
habited part of Portsmouth ; and car-
ried on a large mercantile business,
as did the wealthy brothers, John
and Richard Cutt, who were often
associated with him in public affairs.
I have seen in the court records, now
at Concord, in the state library, one
of Brian Pendleton's bills, to collect
which he brought suit. A large item
is for soap, which explains the scur-
rilous remark of the drunken shoe-
maker, Thomas Parker, in 1663, as
testified by Enoch Houchin. The
evidence is racy with the gossip of
the seaport :
About three weeks since, I being one even-
ing at Goodman Pickering's house, Gowen
Wilson and several other being present,
Thomas Parker, a shoemaker on Great Island,
very much in drink, suddenly began to curse
and swear, railing against both Mr. Cutts,
Mr. Moodey (the minister), Mr. Friar and Cap-
tain Brian Pendleton ; saying that the ould
dog, Mr. Pendleton, did owe him 14 pounds,
and wishing he had soap or anything for it.
Mr. Friar was a bastard and had a hundred
fathers, owing him two shillings, — and yet that
dog will not let him have bread without money.
Mr. Richard Cutt was a cheater, asking for
what he s'old more than the worth, — wishing
him to the devil. John Cutt, that dog, would
have him, Parker, come there to live, telling
him he might have better trading there than
below the River.
Parker was a genuine Thersites
when in liquor, and railed against
magnates with fine impartiality.
Earty in 1663 he had been brought
before the local court, of which most
of the magnates were magistrates, —
Capt. Brian Pendleton, Capt. Rich-
ard Waldron (of Dover), Capt. Robert
Pike (of Salisbury), Capt. Edward
Hilton (of Exeter), and Lieut. Rich-
ard Cutt, and this was the evidence
against him :
The deposition of John Patrige, aged about
26, and Mary Patrige his wife,— Being sworn,
saith :
That about six weeks since, Thomas Parker,
being at their house (they), heard the said
Parker say that Mr. Moodye had two special
friends in this town, women ; the one Mr.
Fryar's wife, and she supplied him with ribbin
or trimmings for his clothes, — and William
Seavey's wife, and she supplied him with
cakes and corn for to feed the guts, or wicked
guts ; and further the said John Patrige saith
that he heard the said Parker say that Mr.
Moodye was a lubber, more fit for the plow-
tail than for a pulpit. And further saith not.
It seems that these magistrates
were chosen by popular vote in the
several towns of their jurisdiction ;
and I have found a record for some
years about this time of the votes in
Dover, which was one of the larger
towns. In 1665, which seems to have
been the last year Captain Pendleton
was a candidate in New Hampshire
(for he was soon to remove into
Maine, where he owned a large tract
of land near Saco), the votes stood
thus :
For Brian Pendleton of Portsmouth, 29 votes,
For Richard Waldron of Dover, 36
For Richard Cutt of Portsmouth, 33 "
For John Cutt of Portsmouth, 18 "
For Robert Pike of Salisbury, 35 "
It seems, then, that Captain Wal-
dron (better known by his later title,
Major) ran ahead of his ticket in
Dover, and John Cutt far behind ;
Captain Pike was next to Waldron,
and the younger Cutt brother, Rich-
MAJOR RRIAX PENDLETON. 123
Autograph of Brian Pendleton.
ard, was third in popularity. In tice of Renald Fernald, the first New
1666 Elias Stileman of Portsmouth Hampshire physician, who had come
took the vacated place of Captain over from England, in 163 1, with
Pendleton as candidate, and the vote Capt. John Mason's men, to take
was much larger. Waldron headed care of their health. Fernald was
the poll with 57 votes, Robert Pike one of those who united in Ports-
and Richard Cutt each had 52 votes, mouth to form an Anglican church,
Elias Stileman, 38, and John Cutt, as called a clergyman of the state
before, came last, with only 33 votes, church (Rev. Richard Gibson) and
In 1667 the vote fell off agaiu, — Wal- established a " glebe " for his inain-
dron having 33 votes, Pike, 32, Rich- tenance. When the Massachusetts
ard Cutt, 27, John Cutt, 26, and Stile- Puritans interposed and would not
man, 24. A few years earlier Walter allow Mr. Gibson to hold services,
Barefoot, doctor and captain, had come Dr. Fernald submitted and soon ap-
to Dover, being first taxed in 1662, peared, along with the Cutts and
but he does not seem to have run for Brian Pendleton, as supporters of the
any office, though he afterwards be- Calvinistic worship, and parishioners
came a magistrate, and even chief of Rev. Joshua Moodey, the first
justice and deputy governor, — but regularly settled minister of Ports-
always by royal or governor's ap- mouth. He had graduated at Har-
pointment, not by election. He sue- vard college in 1653, was for three
ceeded, in some measure, to the prac- years a fellow of the college, and in
I2 4
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
1658 began to preach at Portsmouth,
supported by the voluntary subscrip-
tion of 86 persons, among whom
Captain Pendleton and his son James
were prominent. Captain Pendle-
ton was one of the committee ap-
pointed to build the meeting-house,
and, had he remained in Portsmouth
until the church membership was
established, in July, 167 1, he would
have been one of the Portsmouth
church members, as he had been one
in Watertown. The town of Ports-
mouth invited Mr. Moodey to "set-
tle" in 1660, and he accepted, but
why no church organization was
formed until eleven years later is not
explained. Probably it was owing
to the considerable number of
Church-of-England partisans, and to
the efforts making at intervals from
1662 until they finally succeeded, in
1679, to detach New Hampshire from
the rule of Massachusetts. These
efforts were constantly opposed by
Captain Pendleton and his minister,
Mr. Moodey, and it was this fact,
possibly, which sharpened the tougue
of the drunken shoemaker against
the minister and his supporters. He
was sentenced for his abuse to be
whipped with fifteen stripes ; and at
the same court session (Feb. 2, 1663),
George Walton, a prominent citizen
living at Great Island, and his wife,
Alice, were convicted as Quakers ;
and Joseph Morse, a constable, who,
"having a warrant to punish truant
or vagrant Quakers, did let them
go," was bound over for trial to the
next court. In the previous year,
Richard Waldron, in this same court,
had sentenced two Quaker women
to be whipped at the cart's tail from
Dover to Ipswich, but they were re-
leased, according to tradition, by
Captain Pike in Salisbury, at the
instance of Walter Barefoot. We
have no positive evidence connecting
Captain Pendleton with this Quaker
whipping, one way or the other, but
as one of his associates (Pike) dis-
sented from Waldron' s brutal sen-
tence, we may give Pendleton the
benefit of the doubt, and suppose
that he sided with Pike rather than
with Waldron. As usual, persecu-
tion only increased the number of the
Quakers, and we find that in 1663
there were, at least, five Quakers at
the small settlement of Oyster River,
now Durham. These were John
Goddard, Robert Burnham, William
Williams, William Roberts, and
James Smith, — ancestors of many
of the present citizens of New
Hampshire, and among others, of
the United States senator, Henry
E. Burnham.
It does not seem that Dr. Bare-
foot's interference in behalf of the
Quaker women lost him the regard of
his fellow-citizens, at least, as chirur-
geon, for in June, 1678, a year before
New Hampshire was made a royal
province, the selectmen of Ports-
mouth, where he then dwelt, agreed
with him for the curing of Richard
Harvey, who had lately broken his
leg, with this condition, —
And if said Barefoot make a perfect cure,
providing and finding all means at his own
cost, excepting rum for steepes, which the
Town is to find, and if said Barefoot shall per-
fect the cure, he is to have for the same 20
pounds, all in money or merchantable white
oak, pipe-staves at £$ '■ ios. per thousand ; and
if in case he performs not a perfect cure, he
agrees to have nothing for his pains, more than
20 shillings in money, already paid him, for
what he has done for him to this day.
But to return to Brian Pendleton
and Mr. Moodey. Of the nine men,
who, in 167 1, signed Mr. Moodey's
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
125
church covenant, four were among
the six, who, in 1665, had been peti-
tioned against as engrossing office,
and one more was the son of the
sixth, James Pendleton. The four
not mentioned by Champernoon and
his friends were Richard Marty n,
Samuel Haines, John Fletcher, the
father-in-law of Mary Pendleton, as
I suppose, and John Tucker. The
wealth of Portsmouth was then on
the side of church membership, and
has so continued to this day.
Captain Pendleton was one of the
Massachusetts commissioners in 1652-
'53 and subsequently, to reduce the
townships of Maine to submission to
the general court, of which he was
then, and for several years, a mem-
ber. He was also a magistrate for
holding courts in Maine as well as in
New Hampshire, and his visits east-
ward from Portsmouth, on such busi-
ness, may have led him to buy land
and settle in Maine, without giving
up his property in New Hampshire,
until he disposed of it by will in
1677, and he was at one time one of
the largest landholders in Maine.
When engaged in public business he
was moderately paid, but it was then
regarded as a duty incumbent on the
more prosperous citizens to take part
in public affairs, even if they were
not highly recompensed. They
were often "gratified," as it was
called, with grants of public land,
which had cost the authorities little
or nothing, but might be very useful
to the grantee. In cases where mag-
istrates spent their own money, they
expected reimbursement, and of this
we have an instance in Brian Pen-
dleton.
While living at Portsmouth in 1658,
he addressed this petition to the gen-
G. M.— 9
eral court, of which he was so often a
member, dating it May 24 :
The humble request of Brian Pendleton of
Paseataquack sheweth that in the last month,
April, it happened that two seamen being drawn
out of our River in a Canow, the one of the said
men being dead with cold or frost, the other
being much frozen, came into our Island (the
present New Castle) ; and being made ac-
quainted with it, we took what course we could
for his good. But seeing his necessity required
better means, I hired a man and a horse, and
sent him to Hampton, where the charge will be
great, whether he live or die. My humble re-
quest, therefore, to this honored court is, that
they will be pleased to give such order from
this court that I may have power to raise the
said charge from the several towns on the
River, — videlicet, from Portsmouth, Dover, and
(Kittery 1 ) which may be an encouragement to
your servant for to put himself forward in time
to come, in such works of Charity; and shall
rest at your service at all times in what I may.
Upon this petition the action was
rather singular. The upper house of
the general court, called then "the
Magistrates,"
Judge meet that the charges incurred in ref-
erence to the frozen person be borne by the
inhabitants of the River, and that it be raised
by the Selectmen of Dover, Portsmouth and
Kittery, in equal parts, and by warrant from the
the said Select men, (raised and discharged)
paid unto Capt. Pendleton upon account; if
their brethren the deputies consent hereto.
Consented to by the deputies. William Tor-
rey, Clerk.
So the matter stood for three years,
when the difficulty arose whether Kit-
tery, which had been blotted out in
the original petition, should pay its
share of the charge, and Captain Pen-
dleton appeared to ask a decision of
the court :
Ma}' 25, 1661. At the request of Capt. Pen-
dleton, for their resolution, whether Kittery is
included in this order of the Court, the blots
thereof notwithstanding ; On hearing of what
the deputies of the several towns had to say in
the case, the Magistrates judge meet to resolve
the same in the affirmative, and further that
Capt. Pendleton's account, about £10, 6s, ad, is
'The word " Kittery" was written in the origi-
nal and erased.
126
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
allowed. The Magistrates have passed this
with reference to the consent of their brethren
the deputies hereto. Edward Rawson, Secret.
The deputies consent not to the first part of
this return, but consent that Capt. Pendleton
be paid his money above mentioned, by the two
towns expressed in this Order. 29 May, 1661.
Consented to by the Magistrates.
In answer to the request of Capt. Brian Pen-
dleton, the Court judgeth it meet to order that
the Selectmen of Portsmouth and Dover do
forthwith, by an assessment on the inhabitants,
collect and gather the sum of ten pounds, eight
shillings and four pence out of each town, and
deliver the same to the said Brian Pendleton, as
satisfaction for so much expended by him on a
frozen person that some years past came into
that River; whose charity this Court judgeth it
meet to encourage ; and order his satisfaction,
as above is expressed.
When this took place there was
little disposition in the people of Kit-
tery and other parts of Maine to ques-
tion the authority of Massachusetts ;
but after the restoration of the Stuarts
to the throne, in 1660, the scene
changed, and Captain Pendleton (not
yet made Major) was involved in con-
troversies while maintaining the juris-
diction of Massachusetts, and exercis-
ing the powers of an Associate in the
Maine government. Thus in August,
1668, a certain Major William Phil-
lips from Boston, but residing in Saco
(near which Captain Pendleton then
held much land, and had a garrison
house against the Indians), refused
to obey the orders of Pendleton, and
the latter, as associate justice, began
to take evidence against him. One
witness, Robert Booth, aged 66, testi-
fied (Aug. 13, 1668) :
When Major Pendleton gave order to John
Davis to call a meeting for the soldiers to ap-
pear before Major P. the next morning, Major
Phillips stood up and demanded by what au-
thority John Davis did call that meeting. Then
Major Pendleton answered " I gave him author-
ity, according to my commission, and that I
shall show when they meet me." Also on the
first day of August last, Major Brian Pendleton
writ a note to publish a town-meeting. The
next day being Sabbath an order was put up by
the door of the meeting house, by Major Pen-
delton's order, requiring the inhabitants, the
second day in the morning, to make choice of a
constable and other officers. Which order be-
ing read by Major Phillips that Sabbath-day
morning, Major Pendleton said, " Here is one
word wanting, that is, the place where to meet."
Major Phillips answered, " There is every word
too much already, for that is no legal warning.
That is none of your office, Captain Pendleton ;
you are no legal Associate." And the said
Major Phillips took away the writing, saying
he would keep it.
Another witness, Hitchcock, car-
ried the account one step farther :
Mr. Phillips said, " Where is your warrant?"
The Captain said his commission should be
shown the next morning. Then did Mr. Phil-
lips turn to the people and spake unto them,
" Neighbors, I desire you to take heed how you
act, and under what authority."
Roger Hill said that on Monday August 3,
there being conference and contention about
the pulling down of the warrant that was put
up for the town to meet, to choose a constable
and jurymen against the Court to be holden at
York in September, "Major Phillips said be-
fore several persons that he did pull it down,
and would keep it. Major Pendleton asked
him if he would not let him have it? He an-
swered he would not. The other replied that
it would do him no good. Major P.'s reply was
that he could not tell whether it would or not.
Farther, he said that if there were 100 warrants
he would pull them all down if he were not
hindered. Major Pendleton told him that it
would be his wisdom to sit still, as Mr. Hook
did. He replied that it was nothing to him
what Mr. Hook did. Some persons having
formerly given out words " that those who were
for the Bay government, their necks might
stretch for it," this deponent spake of it at this
meeting, in the presence of Major Phillips,
who immediately returned this answer, "that
it might be so for anything that he knew ;" and
that he could prove that Major Pendleton was
not legally chosen an Associate ; for the major
part of the Province did not make choice of
him.
The royal commissioners had set
up a special government in Maine,
and all this activity on the part of
Phillips was because he knew this,
and also that the purpose of King
Charles and the Anglican party in
Maine and New Hampshire was to
MA /OR BRIAN PENDLETON
127
detach both from the Puritan govern-
ment, and nrake them into two (or
perhaps only one) provinces of the
Crown, as was really done ten years
later with New Hampshire. But
Massachusetts, which even then was
negotiating with the heirs of Gorges
for the purchase of Maine, would not
tolerate the insubordination of the
Maine people, and the court held by
Major Pendleton on the 26th of Au-
gust bound Phillips over to appear
before the General Court in Boston,
and sent him to the Boston prison
because he would not give bond so to
appear. In anticipation of this court
action, Pendleton, in a letter dated at
Winter Harbor (his Maine house),
August 21-26, 1668, had this to say
to Major-General L,everett, at Boston :
Kind Sir: Whereas Major Phillips will be
ready (I question not) to excuse himself in all
that opposition of his, in words or actions, as
being no let (hindrance) to the people's meet-
ing to choose officers, — the which I leave to
your own judgment and consideration of those
evidences that already have been sent down
(to Boston) by the Marshal-general (all being
said and done in public) .... please to take
notice :
That some small time btfore your court held
at York in July last, a warrant was issued out
under the hands of Mr. Jocelyn, Major Phillips
and Mr. Hook, to require the Town to treat with
you at that time. Our people accordingly met,
but I suppose not half of the householders ; at
which time some made answer that they would
not act in the government until the difference
should be reconciled (between the Maine party
and the Massachusetts) ; but those that did
speak spake only for themselves, and not for
the Town. Neither was it any Town act ; which
I affirm as a witness, being there present (at
the Saco meeting). Since my last to you, and
the Marshal-General was here, I set up other
papers at the Meeting-house, endeavoring, if I
may, in a loving and peaceable way, obtain
subjection to the Massachusetts government.
What the issue of it will be, on Monday
next I shall better know. Had the boat stayed
till Monday night, you should have been ac-
quainted with the success ; however, by the ist.
(of September) you may expect to be informed.
On the last Lord's Day, Major Phillips being
present, he made a very large speech, after the
evening sermon, of all the occurrences between
the Marshal-General and himself, as he did
affirm. The matter were too tedious to write at
large ; but the scope I gather up into these two
heads : (i) that whereas he opposed the Mass-
achusetts from the Marshal, because he did de-
sert the cause, but would go down to Boston
about it ; (2) to render me as odious to the peo-
ple as he could, and as his great enemy in this
greattrouble of his, — more particularly in send-
ing up a beast, at the Marshal's request, for the
carrying of him along with the Marshal to Capt.
Waldron's. Which I did, not with any disrespect
at all to Major Phillips, but with respect unto
those whose principal officer the Marshal is ;
which I shall always be ready to do, as the
Massachusetts shall have occasion to make use
of me ... . Yesterday, being the 24th of Au-
gust, the day appointed for to choose officers in
Scarborough, a considerable number of persons
were present. As I feared, so it proved,— that
Maj. Phillips's ample speech to the people be-
fore his departure did more harm than anything
he did before to hinder your proceedings. But
seven persons did adhere to me ; the rest, many
of them, said that they would not act, except
we could show something from his hand there-
unto. Others departed silently away. I doubt
that this will affect others in the several towns,
and provoke them to make some complaint in
reference to the Court in September ; but I leave
it to your Honor's consideration, as not know-
ing what to advise.
As the case stands, nothing is done among the
people. We are altogether without any Gov-
ernment, but what persons who cannot govern
themselves will make of it, you can judge.
Thus leaving the business, and yourselves, unto
the wise and powerful hand of the King of
Kings and Lord of Lords,— ever begging that
the kings of the earth and that Prince of perfect
peace would grant we may, whilst we are on
earth, lead a peaceable and quiet life, I rest
Your humble servant to be commanded,
Brian Pendleton.
In following Mr. Baxter's copy of
this letter, I have ventured to vary
from his transcription here and there,
in order to make the rather ungram-
matical and vague meaning of Pen-
dleton clearer. He evidently saw that
the public opinion of his region was
against him, and knew that King
Charles was seeking the overthrow of
the Puritan domination in New Eng-
land. He was also approaching three
128
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
score and ten, and had less inclination
for war and trouble than in his more
active years. The refractory Phillips
was made to conform, after a short
imprisonment in Boston ; but neither
he nor Major Shapleigh of Kittery,
nor the other malcontents in Maine ,
and New Hampshire became very
submissive to the Puritan control, as
was shown afterwards under Andros.
This was partly on account of the per-
secution of the Quakers, with whom,
though a military officer, Shapleigh
associated himself, and partly from
what in some of the malcontents would
now be called "general cussedness."
Of Shapleigh, Major Pendleton's col-
league, Richard Waldron wrote thus
in December, 1662 :
Major Shapleigh (living in that part of Kittery
now called Eliot) shelters all the Quakers that
come into our parts, and followeth them where
they meet. Which is not only a disturber upon
that side (of the Pascataway) but also on our
side (where is but the river between). And so
they come into our town (Dover) and presently
they are gone over the river ; and so his house
is the harbor for them. And some say he is
dictated by the little crooked Quaker (Edward
Wharton). Our town will be so disturbed with
the Quakers and others that we shall hardly be
at peace.
" Others " here meant the support-
ers of the Stuarts and the English
Church, against whom the Cutts of
Portsmouth, Maj. Pendleton in Maine,
and Waldron at Dover, were very
firm. One of King Charles's special
commission in 1665, writing about the
Puritan party in Maine, said :
Peter Weare (of York, and perhaps the
founder of the distinguished Weare family of
Hampton, Hampton Falls, and Seabrook), and
others, are men of indifferent estates, and are
led by Major Pendleton, one of the same Inde-
pendent way. They understand little but what
he tells them is law and gospel. The two Cutts
(John and Richard) are thought to be worth no
less than ^"50,000. There is not one man in ten
but what are constantly in their debts.
Judging by the court records of
New Hampshire and Maine, Pendle-
ton had also many debtors, and owed
part of his influence to that fact. In
1670 Henry Greenland, 1 one of the
wickedest of the Stuart party, and a
particular friend of Dr. Barefoot, also
called "Dr. Greenland," sometimes of
Kittery and sometimes of Newbury,
involved himself in a serious affair
against Richard Cutt, the wealthiest
of three brothers then residing near
the Pascataqua river. There was
lying at the Isles of Shoals a vessel,
the Mermaiden (whether a merchant-
man or an English armed vessel is
not clear), and the captain of her,
George Fountaine, thus wrote to
Richard Cutt (May 28, 1670) :
Although unacquainted, I do kindly salute
you. My present occasion of writing concerns
so much your safety and my honor that I can-
not delay any time to advise you thereof. For
about five days past there came on board of me
one of your neighbors, by name Henry Green-
land, who pretended some former acquaintance
with some of my men, — specially with one
Gardner, whom he hath employed to speak to
me about an unworthy design, as per the en-
l Mr. J. J. Currier says in his " History of New-
bury, Mass.," " Dr Henry Greenland was a physi-
cian in Newbury (1662-1666). He sold his house
and laud on the S. W. corner of Ordway's Lane,
now Market St., and the way by the river, now
Merrimack St. Jan. 12, 1666, and probably removed
to Portsmouth, N. H. soon after." He did actually
remove to Kittery, then called sometimes by that
name, and sometimes " Pascataway." John Kmery
seems also to have lived both in Newbury and
Kittery. In Newbury he was fined, in March, 1663
for entertaining " Dr. Henry Greenland, a stranger,
not having a legal residence in the town of New-
bury." This fine was remitted upon the petition
of the selectmen and chief people of Newbury
"considering the usefulness of Mr. Greenland, in
respect of his practice in our town." It seems that
he came over from England late in 1662, and "was,
by reason of his acquaintance with Capt. Barefoot,
etc., inclinable to settle in the country if he liked,
and to make use of his practice of physic and
chirurgery amongst us. But being as yet unsettled
and uncertain where to fix, until his wife (whom
he hath sent for) did come, he was necessarily put
upon it to reside near such patients as had put
themselves into his hands for cure." He was a
good physician, it is said, but unprincipled and
quarrelsome, like his friend Barefoot, in company
with whom he was convicted, Sepetember, 1664, of
an assault on Wm. Thomas and Richard Dole, in a
tavern at Newbury. At Kittery he became a land-
speculator and ship-owner, and probably complied
with the Court's order in 1672 to leave the Massa-
chusetts jurisdiction, with his wife Mary and his
effects. He was allowed till September 1, 1673, to
do this.
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
129
closed deposition you may know. But I would
first tell you and the Country I would scorn to
embrace or give ear unto any such heinous in-
tents ; but in all respects, to the utmost of my
power, am ready to serve you and the rest of
them. Had I been but sure that the law of the
Country would excuse me, I would, in half an
hour, hang the unworthy man that would fain,
by promise of getting great purchase, corrupt
me to do my countrymen harm, — which I
never will do. What I have at present sent is
desiring you to use your own will in following
the law on this man : and maybe for your fur-
ther safety. Pray let me hear from you by the
1st. My love to Major Shapleigh, Mr. Fryar
and 3'ourself.
Your faithful friend to command,
George Fountaine.
The enclosure in this letter was the
deposition of Robert Gardner, above
mentioned, who made oath before
John Hunking at the Shoals :
That Mr. Henry Greenland said unto him
that he would put our ship's compati3' upon a
brave purchase ; which should be by seizing
on the person of Mr. Richard Cutt, and to carry
him for England ; and that it would be effected
with a great deal of ease, by carrying the ship
to Pascataway ; and that a small number of our
men might go and take himself, and cause him
and his servants to carry down on their backs
such money and goods as was there to be
found. And he was sure the purchase would
be worth Ten thousand pounds ; and he would
maintain the doing thereof in point of law ;
for that the said Cutt had spoken treason
against the king. (May 27, 1670 )
Apparently Mr. Cutt followed up
the matter far enough to get the fol-
lowing deposition from a Portsmouth
woman, who recollected the accusa-
tion of Richard Cutt before the royal
commission, some years before. Mrs.
Sarah Morgan, wife of Mr. Francis
Morgan, aged about fifty-one years,
deposed :
That she, being in Mr. Henry Greenland's
company, after the said Greenland had said
that Mr. Richard Cutt had spoken treason, and
the king's commissioners were gone, and noth-
ing being done against Mr. Cutt by the com-
missioners, as the said Greenland did conceive ;
he said, being much exasperated, that he would
go at England himself but he would see the
said Cutt prosecuted.
This Henry Greenland was the ir-
reverent person, who taking supper
at the inn of Kittery, and getting
tired of the length of the grace,
wdiich the landlord was saying be-
fore meat, did put on his hat and
say, " Come, landlord, — light supper,
short grace," to the great scandal of
the pious thereabout, who went into
court and testified against him. He
was also a promoter of malicious suits
in court, so that, by June, 1672, the
general court of Massachusetts was
ready to proceed against him crimi-
nally, as appears by this order :
Henry Greenland appearing before this
Court, and being legally convicted of many
high misdemeanors, i. e. endeavoring to dis-
turb His Majesty's government here settled,
reviling the courts of justice and the magis-
trates in base and unworthy terms, and making
quarrels and contentions among the people in
a very perfidious manner, with profane cursing
and swearing ; is sentenced to pay a fine of 20
pounds in money, and to depart the limits of
this jurisdiction within two months, next com-
ing, and not to return again without the license
of the General Couit or Council ; On penalty
of being severely whipt 30 stripes, and to pay a
fine of 100 pounds ; and not to be admitted
hereafter to be a surety or attorney in any legal
process ; and to stand committed until the fine
of 20 pounds be satisfied.
About the same time a similar
sentence of banishment was passed
by the same authority against Green-
land's friend, Barefoot ; but neither
of them can have been enforced, for
Barefoot remained in New Hamp-
shire and rose to high authority after
1660, and when he died in 1688, he
left by will to Greenland, still living
in what had been the jurisdiction of
Massachusetts, "my land at Spruce
Creek, 1,000 acres, which I pur-
chased of Dr. Henry Greenland."
This land, like most of Barefoot's
possessions, was in dispute; for in
1687, when Sir Edmund Andros was
13°
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
about to confirm his title to it, upon
Barefoot's petition, John Shapleigh,
Enoch Hutchins, and others, living
in Kittery, declared to Andros that
they
Have purchased several tracts and parcels of
land lying in Spruce Creek, at a place called
the Mill Creek in Kittery, containing near or
about 1,000 acres, and have possessed the same
for a very considerable time, and have been at
a vast charge and expense, and most spent
their time and labor to improve the same, for
their and the country's benefit ; whereas Capt.
Walter Barefoot never made any improvement
on the same, neither did he ever make any
claim, as your petitioners ever heard of, till
now ; neither ever disturb or molest them in
the possession and improvement of any part
thereof.
It is quite possible that this land
was some of that claimed by the
heirs of John Mason, and voted away
from them by the early settlers, as
alleged by Joseph Mason in 1653 ;
and that Greenland had taken Ma-
son's dubious title and conveyed it to
Barefoot, who gave it back at death.
The extensive landed estate of
Major Pendleton does not seem t©
have been in dispute during his life-
time (he died in 1681), but in July,
1688, his grandson and namesake,
Pendleton Fletcher, son of Rev. Seth
Fletcher, of Saco, had to petition
Andros for the confirmation of his
title to " a tract of land, the gift of
his grandfather, Major Brian Pendle-
ton, by him purchased of Mr. Robert
Jordan, and he of Gov. Richard
Vines, about 1648, with two small
islands adjacent, all containing about
200 acres ; also 100 acres given your
petitioner by his grandmother lately
deceased, and purchased by her hus-
band of one John West, lying upon
Saco river on the southwest side."
This description probably identi-
fies the residence of Major Pendleton
during the ten or twelve years that
he lived in Saco or Scarborough.
He had been captain of the Ports-
mouth company in 1664, and in 1668
was made a major for Maine, with
authority "to settle Black Point,"
that is to restore order there. In the
war with King Philip and the allied
Indians, in 1674-'; 7, his house be-
came a garrison, as perhaps it always
had been ; but he was himself finally
compelled to abandon it and return
to Portsmouth, by the insubordina-
tion of his men, and the inability of
Massachusetts to provision and rein-
force him. Letters from Captain
Hawthorne, the ancestor of the nov-
elist, and from Major Waldron, men-
tion the stress of things in Saco in
J 675-'76; for example, Major Wal-
dron wrote :
(Sept. 25, 1675.) Before I came so far as
Saco, where the first damage was done by
the enemy, I had advised of the enemy's
falling upon Scarborough and Saco, kill-
ing and burning. On Saturday and Sabbath
day last, at Scarborough they killed an old
man and woman and burnt their house ;
and at Mr. Foxwell's two young men were
killed, being at the barn about the cattle.
The enemy then advanced towards Saco river,
which is not above four miles from that part of
Scarborough, and there fell to the burning of
houses. The people, before having intelli-
gence from an Indian called Scossaway, de-
serted their houses, most of them repairing to
Major Pendleton's but Mr. Bonighton and
some other families to Major Phillips's. On
Saturday morning the Indians rifled and burnt
several houses on the north side of the river,
among which was Mr. Bonighton's, — he being
the night before fled to Maj. Phillips. While
said houses were burning, a party of about 36
Indians came over the river in English canoes,
cut holes in them and turned them adrift. All
this time, finding no men, they went to Maj.
Phillips's sawmill and first set it going, then
on fire, and burnt it ; and afterwards did the
like to his corn mill ; it being their design to
draw them out of the house and so surprise
both them and it. But Major Phillips, being
forewarned of their coming, made some small
defense about his house, having with him of
his own family and neighbors to the number of
15 men, besides women and children, in all
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
131
about 50. The bushes being thick within shot
of 'the house, they could not at first see In-
dians ; but one of the men perceiving a stirring
among the ferns, Maj. P. looked out of his
chamber window that way, and from thence
was immediately shot at and slightly wounded
in the shoulder. Two others were also wound-
ed, afterwards, — that being all the harm done
there. After which the shot came thick, which
was accordingly answered from within ; but no
Indians as yet appeared but only creeping,
decked with ferns and boughs. Till some time
after they got a pair of old truck-wheels, and fit-
ted them up with boards and slabs for a barricade
to safeguard the drivers ; thereby endeavoring
to bufn the house, having prepared combusti-
ble matter,— birch rinds, pitchwood, turpentine
and powder for that end ; but they in the house
perceiving their intention, plied their shot
against it, and found afterwards their shot
went through. A little before they came to
the house there was a little wet ground, into
which the wheels sunk, and that obstructed
their driving it forward. They endeavoring to
get it out of the dirt again by turning a little on
one side, thereby laid themselves open to them
in the house, which opportunity they im-
proved, and made them quit their work and
fly ; but continued firing at the house all night
till Sabbath Day morning, about 9 o'clock.
Then they saw the Indians at a distance march
away, — they judged between 20 and 30, and
some of them with two guns. But before they
went they set fire on a little outhouse, and in it
burned several hogs. Since which, Maj. Phil-
lips is removed down to Winter Harbor, to
Maj. Pendleton's, where I found him.
This lively picture of Indian war-
fare shows to what Major Pendleton
was exposed in his frontier garrison ;
and also that old animosities were
laid aside in this common danger, —
Phillips taking refuge with Pendle-
ton, who had sent him to prison a
few years before. A year later Cap-
tain Hathorne, son of the Major,
reported from Wells, October 2, 1676,
a sad state of things near Pendle-
ton's fort at Winter Harbor :
At Black Point the people are in great dis-
traction and disorder. I know not of former
neglects, but now they are a people ungov-
erned, and attend little to the government
there established, so that most of the town will
desert the places. At Winter Harbor I would
have left some men with Major Pendleton, as
also with Mr. Warren. They made their objec-
tions ; the Major's were these, — that he could
not subsist long, and he had as good remove
while he had something, as to stay while all
was spent. Therefore, unless the Country
send a supply, or maintain the garrison there
he cannot hold out.
Accordingly we find in the follow-
ing November a very long letter from
the aged Pendleton, reporting to the
governor and council of Massachu-
setts, how and why he left his gar-
rison :
At Winter Harbor, about the 14th of October,
'76, in the daytime, we heard much shooting
at Black Point, but could not understand the
occasion of it ; but did suppose it had been
only the people that were going away did it to
take their leave of those that stayed behind.
In the afternoon we saw boats under sail com-
ing away thence, and when they came against
a point of land they fired many guns which we
took to be in farewell to us. At last, the hind-
most boat coming up, three of our young men
took a canoe and went out to sea to meet that
boat ; and when they came to them, they told
them that Black Point garrison was taken, and
all the people gone except Mr. Jocelyn and two
or three old folks who would not go away, but
stay there. "And there were 500 Indians and
300 of French, and 100 Indians at Mr. Foxwell's
house ; and if you love your lives, begone as
soon as you can, for they say they will be with
you to-morrow morning, or at night at farth-
est." When our soldiers heard this news they
were as mad to make away as ever I saw any
men, and fell to tumbling up our goods to get
it aboard ; and withal plundered us of many
things, — what they could, if my back was
turned. Our fishermen also hasted to get away,
supposing it no boot to stay here against such
a multitude of enemies. When I had got such
goods as I could aboard, and my family of
women-sex, I told our soldiers if they would
go and keep the garrison, I would never leave
them so long as I could live ; but they would
not hear of it. So that if I would have stayed
alone, I might. The fishermen had but 14
men and boys, and but eight serviceable guns.
The Indians whom I never dealt with once
in all my life, nor never wronged in anything,
but did hope Squando would become a Chris-
tian, and did what I could to further it ; yet
fired all my houses for dwelling, corn and cat-
tle ; near 100 bushels Indian corn, near 40
bushels of pease more or less ; besides old
corn, rye and Indian. They killed some
sheep, some hogs and one cow.
132
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
After we came to Pascataway (Portsmouth),
there came in two ketches with soldiers, viz.
Thomas Moore and Silvanus Davis. The Ma-
jor-General sent away sergeant Tippen with
soldiers to Black Point, and promised me if
our men (which went by them in a boat of our
own of Winter Harbor, with 8 men in it) would
assist their eomp.my into Black Point garrison,
then they should come back to Winter Harbor,
and assist our men. Our men did assist them
in ; and instead of assisting our men, Tippen
did press our company, and force them to stay
by him ; so that our design in saving our
goods, and for which they went, was frustrate.
And while they were stayed there against their
wills, came the two ketches from Pascataway,
with Thomas Moore, my old acquaintance, who
promised me to do me all the good he could :
and when he came to Winter Harbor with the
rest, he went ashore to our house, and killed
my team of 4 oxen, and plundered much of my
goods which, for want of room in the vessel I
could not carry away. Of which goods I can-
not give account at present, but shall give if in
upon oath afterward, as now for the oxen,
which is here inclosed.
Much Honored ! I may say with good
Jeremy,'" Pity me, pity me, Oh my friend!
for the hand of the Lord hath touched me."
God hath emptied me from vessel to vessel ;
the Lord God bring me forth, to leave nothing
behind but dregs of corruption, that I may yet
praise him in the land of the living, who is the
health of my countenance and my God. Thus
desiring the Lord to guide you in all your
weighty occasions, and craving pardon for my
boldness in troubling your Worships, I take
leave, and rest.
Yours to serve, as in duty am bound,
Brian Pendleton.
I think this the longest document
that has survived from the hand of
this aged servant of the L,ord and
of Massachusetts, except his will,
which was written soon after, in
1677, when he was resting from his
toils and recuperating his fortunes in
Portsmouth, where he died, and is
buried at the Point of Graves. The
spirit which he showed to command
and fight, at the age of seventy-
seven, was that of the Puritan lead-
ers generally ; even that stern and
grasping Major Waldron of Dover,
who was slain by Indians in his own
garrison there a dozen years later,
never appears to so much advantage
as when fighting Indians, and not.
cheating them, as he was too apt to
do. Major Pendleton was of a more
just and merciful turn than Wal-
dron ; when he did injustice, if ever,
it was for the service of Massachu-
setts, and of the Lord, as he thought.
In the year 1673, Major Pendle-
ton bought of John Paine of Boston
700 acres of laud in Westerly, R. I.,
and gave his son James a life interest
in it, which occasioned Capt. James's
removal to occupy it ; and by the
will (made August 7, 1677), but not
executed until 168 1, he gave him
the property outright. His son Ca-
leb had died before his father, and
the only daughter, Mary, had mar-
ried Seth Fletcher, and was the
mother of Pendleton Fletcher, who
inherited the plantation at Saco.
Their descendants are numerous,
both Mary's and James's; but the
Pendletons of Virginia, though, per-
haps, distantly related, are not de-
scended from Brian Pendleton.
None of the name remained in New
Hampshire after the Major's death,
but Maine, as well as Rhode Island,
has several families of this descent.
Although the major's services were
more active and longer continued in
New Hampshire than in Maine (ex-
cept as he was engaged from 1653 to
i668-'69 in reconciling the Maine
people to the Massachusetts govern-
ment), he yet rose to higher rank in
Maine, being deputy-president of
that district, as well as one of the
judges. He was described by Ed-
ward Randolph at that time as 'a
man of Saco River, of great estate,
but very precisely independent ' :
(that is, Puritan) "beloved only by
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
133
those of his fraternity ; being an
enemy to the King's interest, and to
Mr. Gorges' interest ; also a great
ring leader of others, to the utmost
of his power." Although he was re-
lieved of military duty in 1672, he
yet took part in 1 675-' 76, as we have
seen, in the defense of maritime
Maine from the French and Indian
detachments that laid it waste. His
first extant report on King Philip's
"War was made to General Leverett,
afterwards governor of Massachusetts,
who commanded the main forces in
that war, and w r as dated August 13,
1676. It runs thus :
I am sorry my pen must be the messenger of
so great a tragedy. On the nth inst. we heard
of many of our neighbors killed in Falmouth
and Caseo Bay; and on the 12th Mr. Joeelyn
sent me a brief letter, from under the hand of
Mr. Burroughs the minister. He gives an ac-
count of 32 killed and carried awa3 r by the In-
dians, — ten men, 6 women, 16 children. Him-
self escaped to an island, but I hope Black
Point men have fetched him off by this time.
Yours in all humility to serve in the Lord,
Winter Harbor at night. Brian Pendleton.
These Indian horrors, which soon
after drove the old major from his
home in Maine to his safer home in
Portsmouth, had many reasons for
their perpetration. The French in
New Brunswick and eastern Maine
supplied the Abenaki Indians with
arms and powder, though sometimes
they got them by trade with the un-
scrupulous English colonists ; the
French Catholic priests, inspired by
the same hatred of Protestants which
led Louis XIV to persecute them at
this time, sometimes stirred up the
Indians against the Calvinists and
Anglicans of New England, but
there were also Indian grievances,
which our early historians have not
always mentioned. The perfidious
conduct of Major Waldron at Dover
is mentioned in all the later histories,
because it was the occasion of his
murder by the Indians a dozen years
after. But there is a curious letter
of nine Abenakis to the Massachu-
setts governor (written about the
time that Major Pendleton was mak-
ing his will at Portsmouth), w T hich
sets forth the view taken hy friendly
Indians of the bloody war that goes
under the name of Philip of Pokano-
ket, though the barbarities in Maine
occurred -after Philip was slain in
Rhode Island. They wrote :
Governor of- Boston, this is to let you under-
stand how we have been abused. We love
you, — but when we are drunk you will take
away our cot and throw us out of door. If the
wolf kill any of your cattle, 3-011 take away our
guns for it, and arrows ; and if you see an In-
dian dog you will shoot him. If we should do
so to you, — cut down 3-our houses, kill your
dogs, take away your things, — we must pa3' 100
skins ; if we break a tobarko pipe, they will
prison us. Because there was war at Narra-
gansett you came here when we were quiet
and took away our guns, and made prisoners of
our chief Sagamores ; and that winter, for want
of our guns there was several starved. We
count it killed with us, whenever we are bound
and thrown in the cellar (of a prison). This
doing is not like to man's heart ; it is more
like woman's heart. Now we hear that j t ou
sa3 T you will not leave war as long as one In-
dian is in the country. We are owners of the
county, and it is wide and full of Indians, and
we can drive 3-0x1 out ; but our desire is to be
quiet. Governor of Boston ! tb's is to let 3-ou
to understand how Major Walldin served us.
We carried four prisoners aboard ; we would
fain know whether you did give such order, —
to kill us for bringing your prisoners? Is that
your fashion, to come and make peace, and
then kill us? We are afraid you will do so
again. Major Waldin do lie . we were not
minded to kill nobody. Major Waldin did
wrong to give cloth and powder ; but he give
us drink, and when we were drunk killed us.
If it had not been for this fault, you had your
prisoners long ago. Major Waldin have been
the cause of killing all that have been killed
this summer (D: 1677). You may see how
honest we have been ; we have killed none of
3-our English prisoners. If you had any of our
prisoners, you would a-knocked them on the
head. Do vou think all this is nothing?
134
MAJOR BRIAN PENDLETON.
Here is twenty men, women and children that
is prisoners ; most of them was bought. We
have been cheated so often, and drove off from
time to time about powder, that this time we
would willingly see it first ; and then you shall
have your prisoners. We can fight as well as
others, but we are willing to live peaceable.
We will not fight without they fight us first.
This letter seems to be the com-
position of Diogenes Madawaskarbet
and bears marks of having been com-
posed by a Frenchman, perhaps a
Catholic priest who had converted
Diogenes and named him " Born un-
to God." The allegations may not
all be true ; but they are plausible,
and they account for much of the
hostility which was increasingly
shown by the Maine Indians from
1675 to 1720, during much of which
time France and the Catholic church
was at war with the English, Dutch,
and French protestants.
Brian Pendleton did not live to see
a royal government fully set up in
New Hampshire, and the discredited
scion of a titled English family, Ed-
ward Cranfield, ruling tyrannically in
Portsmouth, where he and his min-
ister, Moodey, and his brother mer-
chants, the Cutts, had borne sway
so long. Cranfield, who is said by
Dr. Belknap "to have been of the
family of L,ord Monteagle, who was
instrumental in discovering the pop-
ish plot in the reign of James I,"
so conducted himself as to ruin the
party of his own friends in New
Hampshire ; but it was found impos-
sible to restore Portsmouth and the
rest of New Hampshire to the Puri-
tan control of Massachusetts', of
which, during his whole life, Pen-
dleton had been one of the most
moderate, and at the same time effi-
cient, supporters. In the year 1678
his old opponents at Pascataway,
Major Shapleigh and Francis Cham-
pernoon, the cousin of Gorges and
Raleigh, made a peace with Squando
and the other Maine Indians, by the
terms of which the fugitive colonial
families, who had abandoned their
Maine farms in 1676, might return
on condition that each should pay a
yearly tribute of a peck of corn to the
Indians, and that Major Pendleton,
as the largest proprietor, should pay
four times as much, — a bushel. Up-
on this treaty Belknap remarks, what
probably expressed the mind of Pen-
dleton, of Rev. Seth Fletcher, who
had married his daughter Mary, and
the other exiles :
These terms were disgraceful, but not unjust,
considering the former irregular conduct of
many of the settlers, and the native propriety
of the Indians in the soil. Certainly they were
now masters of it, and it was entirely at their
option whether the English should return to
their habitations or not. It was, therefore,
thought better to live peaceably, though in a
sort of subjection.
The action taken by Pendleton
and the Massachusetts leaders gen-
erally in 1668, in reducing Maine
forcibly to the Puritian jurisdiction
was in direct contravention of the
orders of the royal commission (Carr,
Cartwright, and Maverick), who had
set up a government favorable to the
church of England for Maine, — one
of the councilors appointed by them
being Francis Hook of Kittery, who
had married Maverick's daughter.
George Chalmers, who published in
1782 his "Political Annals of the
Colonies," states the case in regard
to Maine less partially than most of
our New England writers have, and
says that but for the poverty of
Charles II and his weakness of char-
acter, both Maine and Massachusetts
would have been made into royal
PASSION.
135
provinces before Pendleton's death
as New Hampshire was. Posterity
has every reason to be grateful to
Pendleton and his associates, who,
by their vigor and prudence, which
Chalmers, an opponent, praises, pre-
vented the overthrow of the Puritan
rule in New England before it had
accomplished its full work. The
separation of New Hampshire from
Massachusetts, which Pendleton op-
posed, was, however, an important
step in mitigation of the Puritan
rigor, and gave to New Hampshire
that sturdy independence of colonial
and state character, which would
scarcely have been developed had we
remained a part of the more compact
and commercial colony and state of
Massachusetts. Pioneer life, with
the forest and its savage denizens on
its near border, has been favorable to
self-reliance and individual energy,
such as Brian Pendleton and his con-
temporaries displayed ; while a cer-
tain exemption from the dogmas and
ecclesiastic surveillance both of the
Calvinists and the Anglicans, has
left the men and women of New
Hampshire the freedom of their own
spirits, and a broad outlook upon the
world of daily life.
PASSION.
By Ormsby A. Court .
Given a handful of clay and a rag,
And we swell with the world's conceit,
And we sneer and scorn at the tare and tag
That tides on the endless street ;
For possession, the tyrant, has warped our minds
That the world still pulses with other kinds.
We dream in illusion's most fateful light,
We breathe in a perfumed air,
And we haven't a thought for the way that 's right,
And we have n't a sigh or a care :
For the handful is made of a sensuous clay,
And the rags have a gracefully clinging way.
Into the gloom of an endless beat,
Stricken we learn too late,
That passion leads not into love's retreat,
That the first is n't always fate —
And we batter and curse at the iron door,
But the golden key turneth nevermore.
A VALENTINE.
By Hervey Lucius Woodward.
From out my study window,
I look across the street
To where two little urchins
Are playing in the sleet.
A shadow in the doorway,
The sound of tiny feet —
I turn to greet my baby
With rosy lips so sweet.
"Papa! give Baby penny ?"
(The little hand I press)
" Buy valentine for Dolly ?
She 'd like one, Pa, I guess."
My hand seeks out my pocket,—
A nickle bright I find
And give it to my darling
With pleasant words and kind.
She leaves me in my study,
A sunbeam pure and bright : —
" Buy valentine for Dolly,"
My dull eyes fill with light.
In dreams of childish fancy
I look into the storm,
I see myself a boy again,
I see a girlish form,
I feel the exultation
Of getting at the "post,"
A valentine from Mollie,
The girl I love the most.
My reverie is broken,
Her form again I see
And soon the little darling
Has clambered to my knee.
Then strangely soft and tender
From lips pressed close to mine,-
" Papa, Mama has sent me
To be your valentine."
PROF. LORIN L. DAME.
Lorin L. Dame, principal of the Medford, Mass., high school, died at his home
in that city, January 27.
Professor Dame was a native of the town of Newmarket, born March 12, 1838.
At an early age he removed with his parents to Lowell, where he received his early
education, graduating from the Lowell high school.
In 1856 he entered Tufts college, and graduated at the head of his class in
i860, the present president, Elmer H. Capen, D. D., being one of his classmates.
From i86o-'62 he was principal of the Braintree high school, resigning in the lat-
ter year to study law. After a year of study he was commissioned second lieuten-
ant, and was instrumental in organizing the Fifteenth Massachusetts Cavalry. He
was honored on the field of battle for gallantry, and came home at the close of the
war in command of his regiment.
From 1 865 -'68 he was principal of the Lexington high school, and during the
next two years he held a similar position in the high school in Nantucket, which
he resigned in 1870 to take charge of the Stoneham high school, a position he
held till 1876, when he was chosen principal of the Medford high school.
He was a trustee of Tufts college, and a member of all the principal societies,
including Phi Beta Kappa and Zeta Psi, in that institution, and also a member of
numerous schoolmasters' clubs, the Natural History society, Botanical club, Med-
ford Historical society, the Royal Arcanum, and the Grand Army.
He was an enthusiastic botanist, and a prolific writer on botanical subjects.
In 1902 he received the degree of Sc. D. from Tufts college.
He is survived by a widow and three daughters, Mrs. Bacon of Salt Lake City ;
Miss Ruth Dame, a sub-teacher in the Medford schools, and Miss Olive Dame, a
student at Tufts college.
ELBRIDGE P. BROWN.
Elbridge P. Brown, long a prominent citizen of Nashua, died at West Peabody,
Mass., January 4, 1903.
Mr. Brown was born in Cavendish, Vt., October 4, 1820', the son of Israel and
Edith (Herrick) Brown. He was educated in the public schools of Warren and
Rumney, and the seminary at Newbury, Vt. He went to Nashua in 1857, after a
year passed in Madison, Wis. He was in the furniture and crockery business
until 1872, and after that was engaged in the hardware business. In 1876 he was
chosen treasurer of the City Savings bank, which position he held until 1891.
He was treasurer of the Indian Head and Capital Insurance companies during
their existence. Although a busy man he found time to serve the city, and was over-
138 NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY.
seer of the poor, city marshal, and deputy sheriff. He was also an assessor and a
representative to the legislature at different times. He was a member of Rising
Sun lodge, A. F. and A. M., and a Scottish Rite Mason of the thirty-second degree,
being a member of Edward A. Raymond consistory. He was a member of Penni-
chuck lodge, I. O. O. F., and Nashua grange, P. of H. For several years he had
spent his winters in the South and the summers at The Weirs. He was visiting
relatives in West Peabody, Mass., at the time of his death.
HANSON BEEDE.
Hanson Beede, one of the oldest and most prominent citizens of Meredith,
who was born in Sandwich in 1810, died January 25, 1903.
Mr. Beede went to Meredith in 1822, where he worked some years in a saw-
mill. He then drove a stage thirteen years between Center Harbor and Fran-
conia. Subsequently he was for a few years in Philadelphia, acting as agent for a
railroad company. Returning to Meredith he was made deputy sheriff for Belknap
county, and held this position twenty-seven years, being also deputy for Grafton
and Carroll counties. During the War of the Rebellion he served as United
States deputy marshal.
He married, first, Miss Mary Ann Chase, by whom he had five children, two
of whom survive — Mrs. Anna B. Pratt and Miss Elbra M. Beede of Boston ; sec-
ond, in 1858, Miss Sarah E. Hackett, who survives him.
CONVERSE COLE.
Converse Cole, long a prominent citizen of Plainfield, died at the home of his
daughter, Mrs. C. M. Fay, in Clinton, Mass., December 13, 1902.
He was born in the village of Meriden, in the town of Plainfield, September 5,
1829, was educated at Kimball Union academy in his native village, and pursued
the business of a merchant tailor. Politically he was a Democrat, and as such
represented Plainfield in the legislature in 1871 and 1872. He had been a deacon
of the Baptist church in Meriden since 1856, and leader of the choir more than
fifty years.
In 1848 he married Mary A. Winkley, who, with four children, Prof. Samuel C.
of Boston, Darwin B. of Leominster, Mass., and Ida M., wife of C. M. Fay of Clin-
ton, and Miss Flora A. of Boston, survive him.
GEORGE N. GAGE, M. D.
Dr. George N. Gage, who died at East Washington, January 10, 1903, was a
native of that place, born November 27, 1854, a son of Isaac N. and Lucy H.
(Fiske) Gage.
He spent his early life upon the farm, except when absent in attendance at dif-
ferent academical institutions. He graduated from the Boston University Medi-
cal school in 1877, and after a short season of practice at Red Wing, Minn., lo-
cated in his native village, where he continued in practice till death. He was a
modest but public-spirited citizen, and a loyal son of his native town. He con-
tributed the genealogy chapter to the history of Washington. He married, No-
vember 29, 1883, Ella F. Brockway, who survives him with one son.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY. 139
HON. JOHN WHITAKER.
Hon. John Whitaker, a native of Hopkinton, born in 1835, long a prominent
resident of Penacook, died at his home in the latter village January 20, 1903.
Mr. Whitaker was for some years in the livery business, then long extensively
engaged in lumbering, and for' some years past engaged in steamboating on the
Contoocook. He was an active Republican, and represented his ward in both
branches of the Concord city government and in the legislature, and his district in
the state senate in 1893. In i860 he married Miss Frances Caldwell, who sur-
vives him.
DR. JOHN F. THOMPSON.
Dr. John Fletcher Thompson, born in Irasburg, Vt, February 18, 1823, died
in Lisbon, December 19, 1902.
Dr. Thompson was the son of Dr. Benjamin F. and Rebecca (Powers) Thomp-
son, and removed with them, in his childhood, to the town of Monroe, and subse-
quently to Lisbon. He was a practitioner of the eclectic school, and followed his
profession in Lisbon more than fifty years with success. Politically he was a
Democrat. In December, [851, he married Eliza J. Morse, who survives him,
with two children — Mayo H. Thompson and Mrs. Mary Lathrop.
REV. JOHN W. BEAN.
Rev. John Wesley Bean, a well-known Methodist clergyman, born in Salisbury,
June 17, 1836, died at North Salem, January 23, 1903.
Mr. Bean was educated at the Methodist Biblical institute in Concord, and or-
dained to the ministry at Lisbon, April, 1869. He joined the New Hampshire
Conference in 1871, andwas made an elder in 1875. He preached at various
stations in the conference till 1899, when he took a supernumerary relation. He
was supplying at North Salem at the time of his death.
HARRISON ROWE.
Harrison Rowe, a prominent citizen of Kensington, and a native of that town,
a son of William Rowe, born April 17, 1840, died November 27, 1902.
He was a leading farmer and prominent citizen of the town, and spent his life
on the old homestead. In politics he was an active Democrat and represented his
town in the legislature in 1891. He was also active in the management of the
Rockingham Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Exeter. He was twice mar-
ried ; first to Miss Augusta Tuck of Bangor, Me., who died some six years since,
and afterward to Mrs. Harriet Armstrong, who survives. He left no children.
EDITOR'S AND PUBLISHERS' NOTES.
The greatest problem with which the
legislature has to deal is what is known
as the "liquor question." The com-
mittee on liquor laws has the main bur-
den to bear in evolving, from all the
diverse bills and views presented, such
a measure as shall meet the approbation
of a majority of the members of the two
branches. If it shall be found pos-
sessed of wisdom and discrimination suf-
ficient to this task, it will have met ex-
pectations which only the most sanguine
entertain.
of opinion as to the advisibility of mak-
ing any agricultural exhibit in this great
center of the nation's agricultural wealth ;
but there is no difference upon the propo-
sition that everything reasonable and
proper should be done to present the
scenic attractions of the state, and call
national attention to the advantages
which New Hampshire presents as a
summer resort.
There was a somewhat aggravating
as well as amusing mistake in the make-
up of the article upon the " Constitu-
tional Convention," in the last issue of
The Granite Monthly, whereby the
half-tone portraits of Rev. David H.
Evans of North Hampton and Hon.
Edwin F. Jones of Manchester (both
fine looking men, but scarcely to be
taken the one for the other, even in a
crowd) were inadvertently transposed,
each appearing with the name of the
other underneath. Such mistakes some-
times occur, but they are always a source
of greater annoyance to the publishers
than to the parties themselves.
One of the most interesting matters
with which the present legislature has
to deal, though not a question of gov-
ernmental policy, is the question of
what shall be done in the line of New
Hampshire representation at the St.
Louis exposition next year, which must
now be provided for if anything at all is
to be done. There may be differences
Two New Hampshire cities — Concord
and Nashua — wiil observe the fiftieth
anniversary of their organization during
the present year. A bill has already
been passed by the legislature now in
session, authorizing Nashua to appro-
priate money for this purpose, and one
has been introduced, and will unques-
tionably pass, conferring similar author-
ity upon the Concord city government.
It is not known as yet at what particu-
lar time in the year the formal celebra-
tions will occur. The Concord charter
was adopted in March, and that of
Nashua in June, 1853. Arrangements
certainly will not be perfected for the
Concord celebration on the precise date
of the charter anniversary, as there will
not be time therefor ; and a very sensi-
ble and practical suggestion is that both
be held at some time during " Old Home
Week," which opens on the third Satur-
day in August. The sons and daugh-
ters of the two cities, living abroad,
would then find double reason for home
coming, and would unquestionably re-
turn in goodly numbers, and the demon-
strations be made more successful than
would be the case at any other period
during the year.
IlliS S
.?■ 'fgm
1
Granite StreeJ Bridge, Manchester.
New Hampshire State Industrial School
G. M.— JO
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WILLIAV1 M. BUTTERFIELD.
The Granite Monthly.
Vol. XXXIV.
MARCH, 1903.
No.
WILLIAM M. BUTTERFIELD.
A NEW HAMPSHIRE ARCHITECT AND HIS WORK.
By G. A. Cheney.
HREE distinct types of ar-
chitecture were peculiar to
New England during the
Colonial era, and each of
these was emphatically
American in conception and detail, a
characterization not applicable to many
succeeding types of architecture that
gained a greater or less acceptance
throughout the country clown to the
last score years of the century just
ended.
The first type of architecture indi-
genous to New England, and the word
" indigenous " is here used advisedly
and to a purpose, was the log house.
In the nature of things this had to be
because of the compelling circum-
stances; but the days of the log house,
in the great majority of the earlier New
England settlements, were few, for the
unceasing, never-tiring labors of Pil-
grim and Puritan alike, and their imme-
diate descendants, soon brought them
the means for a larger, more preten-
tious, and more comfortable domicile.
This second type was what has passed
into history as the gambrel-roof struc-
ture, although in its day there were also
built houses having a pitched roof.
Here and there in the older settlements
of New England are still to be seen an
occasional gambrel-roofed house and
also those of the pitched-roofed class,
their eaves coming so low that they can
be touched with the up-lifted arm of a
man.
The third type of New England archi-
tecture is that which bears the name
"Colonial" to this day, at once the
most original and distinctively American
of any peculiar to the country, except it
be that type that is essentially the crea-
tion of the past decade and a half.
This third type of Colonial architec-
ture was the outcome of long-continued
thought and effort to construct a build-
ing every way adapted to the needs and
conditions of American life. It attained
its highest perfection in the closing half
of the eighteenth century, and was the
all-prevailing type of the wealthier class
throughout New England and in some
of the Southern states, notably Georgia,
whose older cities and towns, as in
Savannah and Marietta, are, to this
day, rich in its examples.
The Puritans and their more imme-
diate descendants were decidedly do-
mestic in their tastes and inclinations.
They had no commercial or industrial
interests in the sense that they obtain
to-day. They lived almost wholly off
their farms and each individual house-
146
WILLIAM M. BUTTERFIELD.
Residence of George E Gould, Manchester.
hold was its own factory and workshop.
Somehow or other they gained the
wherewith to build the grand and im-
posing home that is still to be seen in
almost every older New England city or
town, and when seen is an object of ad-
miration and praise. These homes of
Colonial times were full of dignity and
repose and cheer, never cold or re-
pellant. They combined beauty and
utility, and had no incongruous charac-
teristic, and it seems strange that a
style so thoroughly adapted to the cli-
matic conditions of New England should
have ever been discarded, and others,
peculiar to foreign lands, accepted in-
stead.
With the discarding of the purely
Colonial type of building the develop-
ment of a distinctively American architec-
ture ceased almost entirely. Architec-
ture as a profession became almost ob-
solete, for the carpenter had a hard and
fast rule to build all houses alike, and
thus the country, and particularly New
England, became dotted with homes,
mercantile buildings, and churches, that
had no more archititectural pretension
and style than a dry goods box, save
that they had roofs, windows, and doors.
Occasionally there was a spasmodic at-
tempt to relieve the monotony, as the
introduction of the Mansard and French
roof style of construction, and the wide-
spread acceptance of the Queen Anne
type. The Queen Anne architecture
was peculiar to countries without snow,
sleet, or ice, and its use in this part of
the country was as ill advised almost as
would be the adoption of the costume of
the Mexican for winter wear in New Eng-
land. In the later sixties and earlier
seventies, every new building, no matter
for what purpose, except, perhaps, a
WILLIAM M. BUITERFIELD.
147
church building, had a French roof.
Whole streets, in many New England
communities, were built in this style, and
to-day it is difficult to conceive of any-
thing that is so old, antiquated, and out
of date, architecturally, as a building
with a French roof. Its adaptation was
never once thought of.
Original, and with the disposition to
seek the new in all other lines, the
American people, for three quarters of
a century, made no effort to create a
purely American architecture, and what
is still worse, did not appreciate nor
continue the style created in Colonial
days. Happily, however, there came to
be such men as Richardson and Hunt,
and the work of creating American
types of architecture, begun by them,
has been taken up by others so strong
in number and originality that the whole
architectural trend of the country has
been changed infinitely for the better.
New Hampshire and Manchester are
rich in examples of modern American
architecture, and such as represent
originality and individuality of design
and construction.
Many of these buildings, so richly rep-
resentative of modern American archi-
tecture, had their construction from de-
signs drawn by William M. Butterfield of
Manchester, an architect whose work is
to be seen in Maine, Massachusetts,
Vermont, and Rhode Island, as well as
in New Hampshire, and that, too, in
many and not isolated instances. He
has attained success and prominence in
ecclesiastical, domestic, and commercial
architecture, and many of his most im-
portant commissions have been, secured
by the submission of competitive de-
signs passed upon by professional critics
and experts.
Residence of former Governor John B Smith, Hillsborough,
Reception Hall, Calumet Club, Manchester
m^ - -
Masonic Home, Manchester
WILLIAM M. BUTTERFIELD.
149
Modern, domestic, and commercial
architecture in Manchester are charac-
terized by variety of style and design.
Smith's residence is not a copy of
Jones's, as is apt to be the case in a
community where the work of one archi-
tect prevails to an unusual extent, but it
is distinct and exclusive to a pleasing
degree. Manchester's magnificent high
school building, justly the pride of the
city, and unsurpassed by any other
of the varying hues of brick, limestone,
and granite. 1
It has been said by professional ar-
chitects that one of the most distin-
guishing traits of the old-time Colonial
buildings was their fidelity to propor-
tion. Mr. Butterfield in his apprecia-
tion of this original type of American
architecture seems to have studied pro-
portion to an extent that has enabled
him to acquire it as a part of himself,
1 i a\c ."\i l \ory u Run
.! \"
.*
j*i ..... . -.-
,
Wk,«s
Stone Memorial Building, Weare.
building for the purpose in northern
New England, is not a copy of one in
Boston or Providence, but is Mr. But-
terfield's own conception. His latest
commercial building to be erected in
Manchester, The Beacon, has a com-
mingling of column, pilaster, and mould-
ing that relieves the facade of that
monotonous plainness so common in
commercial structures. Again, in The
Beacon, as in all his designs, does he
bring into effective use the color effect
or else it is natural to him. At any
rate all recognize that proportion is one
of the strong points in his work, and
proportion is harmony, or at least there
cannot be harmony of design and detail
in a building in which proportion is
lacking. A noted Boston architect once
said to the writer that the strong, dis-
tinguishing trait of the old Bulfinch
front of the Massachusetts state house
1 For illustration of The Beacon see Manchester
article in this number.
150
WILLIAM M. BUITERFIELD.
Littleton Aat'i. Ba.\k liuiLbi/^G
Littleton /i-Mi
W ffl -A-Dcillerjielcl Arcb'l
oni Deecb SI -
Acmcbe3ler /M/"i
>?&i ■'. a" . VJS. •■%^r
was its proportion. The front was built
in 1804 by an American architect of
the old Colonial school, and when the
proposition was advanced a few years
since to abolish it the whole state of
Massachusetts rose in protest against
it.
While modifications of the Colonial
are pronounced in Mr. Butterfield's
work, still he has shown time and
again that he can depart from it and
be equally successful in producing a de-
sign after the Italian Renaissance now
so popular everywhere for civic and
educational buildings; or other schools
not forgetting to work in a detail if
need be from the old Norman, the
Grecian or Byzantine. Indeed it is be-
cause of this very faculty to make use
of the best in all the different types and
make from them a harmonious whole
that gives Mr. Butterfield that strong
personality that he has impressed upon
his work.
One of the strongest professional
characteristic of Mr. Butterfield is his
use of the Grecian pillar and its capital,
be it Corinthian, Doric, or Ionic, and in
this he has been as original as Richard-
son was with the arch, and in not a sin-
gle instance is it easy to see that Mr.
Butterfield has sacrificed anything or
strained a point that he might bring
into use pillar and capital.
Mr. Butterfield is but just past forty,
and therefore, apparently, with his best
years, speaking professionally, yet be-
fore him. He was born in Sidney,
Maine, October 22, i860. When he
was eleven years old the family re-
moved to Waterville in the same state,
and here he attended the public schools,
eventually studying architecture and ac-
quiring a practical experience under his
father, who was an architect of recog-
nized ability and builder as well. When
only sixteen young Butterfield entered
the employ of Foster & Dutton, general
contractors, and served them as fore-
man for six years, in which time he
supervised the construction of several
important public buildings. In 1881,
WILLIAM M. BUTTERFIELD.
151
the year in which he attained his ma-
jority, he went to Manchester and be-
gan the practice of architecture. One
of his greatest architectural triumphs
was the acceptance of his plans for
the commercial building in Manchester,
known as The Kennard, built in 1892
and totally destroyed by fire in Feb-
ruary, 1902. It was the admiration and
pride of Manchester, and considered as
one of the finest structures of its class
in all New England. Manchester has
not yet ceased to mourn its destruction,
for among all her many architectural
triumphs The Kennard was supreme.
Mr. Butterfield's plans for The Ken-
nard were offered in competition, and
their acceptance and the construction of
the building added much to his reputa-
tion. He drew the plans for the high
school in Manchester, as said else-
where, as he did also for the Wilson,
Pearl Street, Rimmon, Parker, and
McDonald school buildings, and the
academy Notre Dame, Manchester.
Among the out of town buildings of
his design may be mentioned the city
hall, Franklin ; the court house, Laco-
nia; the high school building, Newport,
Vt. ; the Globe Congregational church,
Woonsocket, R. I.; and a Baptist church
in the same city ; a Baptist church and
a Methodist church in Waltham, Mass. ;
the public library, Adams, Mass., the
corner-stone of which was laid by Presi-
dent McKinley; the new Masonic home
and the Varick building, Manchester;
the John M. Hunt home, and Odd Fel-
lows building, Nashua; and the Hills-
borough county buildings at Grasmere.
In addition he has drawn plans for
more than five hundred residences and
other buildings in various parts of New
England. Included among his Man-
chester residences are those of Henry
DeWolf Carvelle, M. D., Alonzo H.
Weston, and George E. Gould, each of
which is of unrivaled beauty and ex-
cellence. Mr. Butterfield is at present
building a new bank building and the
Draughting-room in Mr. Butterfield's Office.
1 52 THE UNCANOONUCS.
Chutter building at Littleton, and a sav- Mr. Butterfield has served a term in
ings bank building in Waterville, Maine. Manchester's city council. Has been
Mr. Butterfield has a charming home a member of the legislature, and for
on Beech street, corner of Sagamore, several years has been the moderator
On the grounds of his home is his office of Ward Two. He is a member of
building, and to adequately describe the the Derryfield and Calumet clubs, and
extent of his office rooms, their equip- for a term was president of the Calu-
ments and. furnishings, would require met.
pages of this magazine. Their like as In 1882 Mr. Butterfield married Miss
the office of an architect is not to Rose E. Annis of Peterborough. She
be found probably in New England, died in April, 18S4, leaving a son. In
The entire two-story building is devoted October, 1885, Mr. Butterfield mar-
to office purposes, and exterior and in- ried his present wife, who was Miss
terior alike are beautiful in their archi- Belle Knox of Manchester, formerly of
tectural treatment. Toronto, Ontario.
$f $f ff $f
THE UNCANOONUCS.
By Fannie Moult on McLane.
MORNING.
They look like spectres, standing there alone,
Huge forms of ghostly white and vapory gray,
With their great slopes and peaks all forest-grown.
And ever thus in penitence they stay,
With respite only at the break of day,
When to their brows the leaping sunbeams reach.
Then does the warm life thrill the icy clay,
But chills ere unloosed tongues can grace beseech,
Or stagnant thought conceive to ask relief in speech.
MID-DAY.
They are not monsters now, but heaps of gems ;
Of sapphires, emeralds, and milky pearls
Worthy of kings' or princes' diadems,
Flung broadcast in great strings and loops and whirls,
When noon her brightest ray of light unfurls.
What royalty of color and of show !
Even the smoke that from the village curls,
Is glorified in noon-tide's golden glow,
And steely shadows dance upon a rosy snow.
NEW HAMPSHIRE'S HILLS.
153
TWILIGHT.
They are so far away, love, so far,
Even as thou art far upon the sea ;
And twilight's vapors hide, distort, and mar
Their outlines : now they seem to beckon me ;
But when I strain my eyes toward them, they flee.
Will they all night in apathy uprear
Their shaggy heads, so stern, unpityingly,
Into the moisture-laden atmosphere,
While my soul w r ondering weeps in nameless sorrow here ?
NEW HAMPSHIRE'S HIEES.
By Dana SmitJi Temple.
New Hampshire's hills are grand to-night,
Where their summits seem to touch the sky ;
Yes, grand my friend with the fading light,
As the sun goes down over snow-caps high.
It sinks to rest, and the world lies still,
Over hill, and valley, and lake, and stream ;
Yet the springtime soon will wake the rill,
And the earth will then an Eden seem.
Photo, by Frank M. Frisselle
EUGENE E. REED
Mayor of Manchester,
COMMERCIAL MANCHESTER.
By a Staff Correspondent.
CjO great and important is
the position which Man-
chester has held these
many years as an indus-
trial centre and so far-
reaching is the repute of her ging-
hams, prints, and tickings, her loco-
motives, shoes, paper, and innumer-
able other products essential to hu-
man welfare, that the world at large
has let pass, almost unobserved, her
rise to a commanding position in the
realm of commerce, finance, and
trade.
That all this should be is but
natural for the utilization of the
mighty inherent power of the Arnos-
keag falls in the Merrimack river
was alike stupendous and porten-
tious, and not only local but national
in its effect and influence. It was
done in the infancy of cotton manu-
facturing in America. It made pos-
sible a far greater home market for
the raw cotton of the Southern mar-
ket and opened new and vast fields
of employment to the then young
men and women of rural New Eng-
land. It made possible the city of
Manchester and added millions to
the wealth of New Hampshire.
The factor that made the power of
the falls do the bidding of man had
the wisdom and discernment to com-
prehend the possibilities of that
power. When once it had obtained
the proprietary rights in the falls,
this factor, the Amoskeag Manufac-
turing company, created a plan and
inaugurated a system not only for
the construction of factories but for
the building of a town, and. in turn a
city as well. This plan and system
have been rigidly adhered to from
the beginning down to the present.
As a result of this forethought and
provision for the future Manchester
has grown from the solidly built vil-
lage by the falls until to-day she
spreads out far to the north and
south, to the east and to the west.
Factory after factory has risen along
both banks of the river until they are
a mighty field in number and immen-
sity, for some among them are the
largest of their kind in the w^orld.
The looms of these mills produce
daily cloth, which, if placed length-
wise, would cover a distance of quite
five hundred miles, or, in other
words, extend from Manchester to
Buffalo. In another day Chicago
would be reached. In another ten
days or less this line of white and all
the colors and tints known to the
dyer's art w T ould dip its initial
threads in the waters of the Pacific,
and carried across that ten thousand
miles of w r ater in twenty days it
would then emerge upon the pre-
historic shores of Asia. Speeding
across this continent smaller Europe
would be reached, and soon there-
after the waters of the ^Atlantic, its
homestretch. Six days or a possi-
ble seven would suffice for it to
156
MANCHESTER.
Photo, by A. H. Sanborn.
The Merrimack River
gain New Hampshire, and Manches-
ter, when the ends joined, the world
would be encircled in fifty days.
It is Manchester's good fortune
and assurance of the future that
great as are her manufacturing inter-
ests they are increasing annually in
number and power. Its industrial
life is solid, rock-ribbed, and secure,
a fact that in turn vitalizes and
strengthens all other interests. This
is significantly illustrated in the fact
that Manchester has always been
singularly free from strikes and labor
difficulties, and Manchester people
take a justifiable pride in making
known this circumstance. But the
harmony that pervades all material
life in the city is distinct and notable.
Perhaps it is but natural that all
forms of life should be prosperous
and healthy in Manchester where
there is so much method and system
at the source of its material exis-
tence. True it is that there has
arisen in the city a powerful com-
mercial interest. While it is the
outcome of the city's industrial life it
is, nevertheless, true that it is com-
ing to be less and less a reflex of that
interest which called it into being.
From having its trade limited to the
demands of a purely local market the
mercantile interests of the city are
supplying the needs of a patronage
that includes all northern New Eng-
land. One entire section of the city
is occupied by wholesale houses,
while in the retail district proper are
the wholesale houses of the James
W. Hill Company, dry goods; the
John B. Varick Company, hardware,
steel, etc., and of the Charles A.
Hoitt Company, furniture and house
furnishings. With the notable ex-
ception of the John B. Varick Com-
pany, Manchester had hardly a
wholesale house a dozen years ago,
MANCHESTER.
157
Above Amobkeag Falls.
while to-day it has more than a
score. The fact of the number and
resources of the wholesale marts of
trade is potent testimony to the vigor
and growth of the city's commercial
interests.
This developing trade in both the
retail and wholesale branches is but
the law of the inevitable. Manches-
ter is the natural trade centre of all
New England above the Massachu-
setts line. She is the gateway to
New Hampshire, central and north-
ern Vermont, and the Canadian
provinces. The trend of American
economic life is centralization. The
electric street railway works to this
end with an irresistible force, and
Manchester, from her position, must,
in the fulfilment of this law, be the
trolle)' line centre of the state.
Already the largest city in New
England above the Bay state line,
Manchester, with her sixty thousand
G. M.— 11
people, is forging ahead at a better
than thirty per cent. rate. She has
gained that point from which she
will hereafter gain in population at a
greater rate than heretofore, judging
from the history of cities in general.
As it was the men behind the
Amoskeag corporation that laid the
secure foundation upon which Man-
chester has been built in all its
phases, so it is that to her mer-
chants, past and present, that is due
the credit for so wisely discerning
the city's possibilities as a commer-
cial community, and acting there-
upon in a manner that is bringing
abundant rewards to the city and
themselves.
The consideration of the material
affairs of a city naturally begins with
the chief executive, and in the pres-
ent instance it is Manchester's new
mayor, inaugurated in January, that
is presented to our readers.
158
MANCHESTER.
Eugene E. Reed, inaugurated
mayor of Manchester at the begin-
ning of the current year, was born
in the village of Massabesic, Man-
chester, April 23, 1866, and is, there-
fore, yet in his thirty-seventh year.
His parents were Gilman and Re-
becca (Hazelton) Reed. The father,
Gilman Reed, was for some 3'ears
connected with the John P. Squires
Provision Company's interests in
Boston.
The school-day life of Manches-
ter's present mayor was passed in the
schools of Massabesic village, and in
the grammar and manual training
schools of the city proper. As a boy
his most pronounced traits of charac-
ter were earnestness, sincerity, and,
above all, freedom from selfishness,
that worst of all traits so common to
the American nature.
His school life ended at seventeen,
and he at once engaged in the real
battle of life. Under the direction of
his brother, Albert Reed, he served
an apprenticeship to the mason's
trade, following the work until 1887,
in which year he concluded to learn
telegraphy. Possessed of the faculty
of intuition to a marked degree, and
brimful of ambition his progress in
the study of telegraphy was so rapid
that he was soon in the employ of the
Boston & Albany railroad corpora-
tion, and eventually he entered the
employ of the Boston & Maine cor-
poration and remained with this in-
terest for fifteen years, leaving its
employ to serve his native city as its
chief executive. For two years Mr.
Reed was train dispatcher at Con-
cord, and his last six years as a
telegrapher w T as as a despatcher in
the upper tower house, Manchester.
When the Concord & Montreal road
first began the running of trains by
telegram it was Mr. Reed who re-
ceived the first order transmitted.
In all the years of his service no ac-
cident happened that could in any
manner be charged to an error of
Mr. Reed.
In politics Mayor Reed has been a
lifelong Democrat, and it is a signi-
ficant fact that his every political
preferment thus far attained has been
gained by him in Republican strong-
holds. This sbows the faith his fel-
low-citizens have in his honesty,
manliness, and sincerity. They
know they can trust him, and
again that he has ability. They
have tested him and he has fulfilled
expectations.
Mayor Reed's political career be-
gan with election to the Manchester
board of aldermen, in which he
served two terms of two years each.
He was elected alderman from a Re-
publican district. At the last muni-
cipal campaign he received the
Democratic nomination for mayor.
A straight ticket was put in the field
by the Republicans. Manchester is
Republican by two thousand major-
ity, but Alderman Reed was Mayor-
elect Reed at the close of the count-
ing of the votes.
He was inaugurated January 6 to
serve two years. The keynote of his
clear and direct message was the re-
duction of taxes and economy in the
administration of the city's affairs.
He has shown thus far that his ad-
ministration will be one for the wel-
fare of the city first of all.
Mayor Reed is one who delights in
the association of his fellow-man, and
just as keenly does he delight in all
there is in nature. In fraternal or-
ders he has membership in the
MANCHESTER.
159
Manchester City Hall.
Knights of Pythias, both lodge and
uniformed rank ; in the Red Men, in
which order he is a member of the
great council ; in Derryfield grange,
Patrons of Husbandry ; the Man-
chester Historical association, Der-
ryfield Gun club, Order of Railway
Train Despatchers, East Manchester
Veteran Firemen's association, and
the Calumet club. He is treasurer
of the Granite State club, a Demo-
cratic organization, and a member of
both the Democratic state and city
committees.
He was former president and treas-
urer of the Manchester Baseball as-
sociation, and during this time the
team landed in second place the first
year, with a dividend of 100 per cent,
for the stockholders, and the second
i6o
MANCHESTER.
year the team secured the pennant,
the association under his careful
management paying a dividend of
400 per cent.
As a lover of nature Mr. Reed is a
most enthusiastic devotee. He is
not a sportsman in the world's ac-
cepted sense, but in athletics he is a
keen admirer of fair play and honest
rivalry. But where Mr. Reed is at
his best is with a rod and gun in the
wilds of Maine or on the shores of
some far north lake, where the
beauties of nature may be fully en-
joyed. Annually, Mr. Reed takes
his trusty rifle, his dog, and, with a
few friends whose spirits are as con-
genial as his own, seeks the deep
woods, the shadowy pools, and the
foaming cascades, where the foot of
man seldom treads. And it is in
the camp where echoes the notes of
the song bird and the music of the
squirrel that one sees Mayor Reed as
he is — happy with all the world and
bearing the drudgery of the wood-
laud life with a beaming soul. And
it is in camp life that one man finds
out another. The brand of the shirk
grows red in twenty-four hours, and
the lazy man has no place. There-
fore, when it is said that his camp
companions know Mr. Reed only as
the soul of generosity and the sharer
of all burdens, almost enough has
been said to tell the sort of a man
Mr. Reed is.
In his daily walks in a busy city
Mr. Reed is unostentatious, manly,
and earnest. This make-up of per-
sonal integrity is that which points
Mr. Reed out as a safe man, though
comparatively young. The wisdom
acquired by much experience forced
into a few years has enabled Mr.
Reed to meet his fellow-men half
way, has taught him that many
times humanity fails through un-
toward circumstances, and has in-
stilled into his heart a forbearance
and the spirit of helpfulness that
make the man a friend worth having.
A strong and sincerely respected
personality in every good phase of
Manchester life is Otis Barton, now
in his seventy-eighth year, and still
active as the head of a great dry
goods house, which he founded and
developed, and president of the
Amoskeag savings bank, one of the
largest institutions of its kind in New
England. He is the Nestor of the
city's merchants, and rarely does one
find in any community an instance
of so long and uninterrupted a career
as is his as a merchant, for it was
fifty-three years ago in January last
that he began his mercantile life in
Manchester. In all this time he
never has had a note go to protest
nor been sued for debt. With no
other capital than one hundred dol-
lars, but with the unbounded confi-
dence of the trade, he, from the mer-
est beginning, built up a mercantile
house that for years has ranked with
the largest in New Hampshire. In
his serene old age he attends daily to
the management of his affairs, and is
keenly alert in the world's work.
Mr. Barton was born in Mercer,
Me., March 31, 1825, the son of
Warner and Elizabeth (Clement)
Barton. He is of the fifth genera-
tion in descent from Samuel and
Hannah Barton, who were genuine
representatives of that early Puritan
stock in Massachusetts, and who set-
tled in Framingham that state. The
parents of Otis Barton had but
shortly before his birth lived for
many years in Worcester, Mass., a
MANCHESTER.
161
branch of a numerous family of that
name, which, for a century or more
has played a prominent part in the
affairs of central Massachusetts, dis-
tinguishing themselves as jurists,
merchants, manufacturers, and schol-
ars. The late Ira M. Barton was for
years judge of probate for Worcester
county, and he is remembered to-day
as one of the brightest legal minds of
his time in Massachusetts. Another
member of the family in another gen-
eration is Clara Barton, founder of
the Red Cross.
The late George S. Barton of Wor-
cester, founder of the world-famed
Rice, Barton & Fales Machine and
Iron Company, was a cousin of the
subject of this sketch, and the two,
before their separation by death,
maintained a lifelong intimacy.
Still another representative of the
family was the late William H. Bar-
ton, for years treasurer of the city of
Worcester, and a noted financier,
and yet another one of the family is
Edmund L. Barton, present librarian
of the American Antiquarian society,
Worcester, which numbers among its
members the scholars of both the
old and new worlds.
The boyhood life of Otis Barton
was passed on the parental farm and
in attending the village schools until
he was eighteen, when he became a
clerk in a country store in his native
Maine. He remained in this posi-
tion for less than a year, when ambi-
tion led him to seek a wider field.
He went to Worcester, Mass., and
thence to Springfield, in the same
state. There he obtained a clerk-
ship at fifty dollars a year and board.
He had been brought up in the
school of thrift, fidelity to purpose,
and of courage. As he received the
blessing of his sainted mother on his
departure from home it was with the
admonition, " Be good and the L,ord
will prosper you." This assurance
of his mother has been the motive of
his life, and he remembers it to-day
with all the freshness of his youth.
He labored as a clerk in the Spring-
field store for five years laying up in
that time one hundred dollars. De-
siring to embark in business for him-
r
Otis Banon.
self he, upon the advice of Boston
friends, went to Manchester, and on
January i, 1850, bought out a store
and its stock in trade, and just a
month later opened it for business.
He agreed to pay $1,500 for the
store, which was located on the pres-
ent site of the American Express
Company's office. Friends he had
gained while in Springfield backed
him in the enterprise, and he pros-
pered from the start. He remained
in his first store until 1863, when he
bought a part of his present spacious
1 62 MANCHESTER.
building, and later the entire struc- a trust, nor does it bear relation to it,
ture. For years his business has for the first is a merging of interests
necessitated the use of the entire which still retain their individual or-
first and second floors and a part ganizations, yet working under an
of the third in this building. understood agreement not to permit
Mr. Barton has never had the a conflict of interests in any form
slightest taste for political life. He that can be controlled. The depart-
did, however, serve as a common ment store on the other hand has for
councilman for two years in the ad- its chief aim the bringing together,
ministration of Mayor Frederick under one roof and management, the
Smyth. Upon becoming a resident widest range of commodities that
of Manchester he united with the there may be a minimum of ex-
First Baptist church, and has ever pense in buying and selling and the
remained active in its affairs, and es- ultimate result of such working must
pecially in securing its incorporation inure to the benefit of the consumer,
upon the consummation of which he generally speaking. The depart-
became its first president. He lab- ment store does not nor can it de-
ored zealously to secure the construe- stroy individual competition only so
tion of the society's present church far as it has the advantage which ac-
edifice, which is the largest of the crues in the buying of one hundred
Baptist denomination in New Hamp- bales of merchandise over the pur-
shire. Mr. Barton was married, in chase of ten bales, the buying of a
1 85 1, to Miss Sarah J. Tuck, daugh- carload over that of a single case or
ter of the late Dea. Samuel Tuck of barrel. This is a trade principle that
Manchester. Two sons were born to always has and ever will be recog-
them. The elder, Milton Homer, nized.
graduated from Harvard, class of In common with other cities of the
1877, and subsequently was a bank- land Manchester has its department
er in New York city. He died in store, the largest and most heavily
1896. The younger son, Frederick stocked dry goods emporium in the
Otis, graduated from Harvard, class state, that of the James W. Hill
of 1 88 1, and is now a merchant of Company. This is located in the
New York city, and the selling agent Pembroke building, corner of Elm
of various mills in New England, and Merrimack streets, right in the
Mrs. Barton died in 1891. heart of mercantile Manchester, and
Mr. Barton is a Mason with mem- the house is essentially the growth of
bership in Trinity commandery, the last decade or so, and thus repre-
Knights Templar. sents modern merchandising in its
The most conspicuous factor in newest aspects.
modern commercial life is the rise of The needs of the business of the
the so-termed department store, com- James W. Hill Company require the
prehending as it does in its completest use to their utmost capacity of two
form the practical exemplification of entire floors, and a part of the third
that all-pervading idea, — the centrali- in the spacious Pembroke, and daily
zation of interests, distinct as well as the business expands. Its patronage
allied. The department store is not comes not alone from Manchester, for
MANCHESTER.
163
James W. Hii
the steam road and trolley line bring
its regular customers from all sur-
rounding territory, while by its speci-
ally equipped and conducted mail or-
der department enables every portion
of northern New England to deal with
it expeditiously and safely.
The house in its entirety compre-
hends, as a matter of course, every
feature of the dry goods business,
and every one of its numerous de-
partments is under the direction of an
experienced man or woman.
In James W. Hill, the head of this
great and growing mart of trade,
Manchester and New Hampshire
alike have a son worthy of their
pride. He was born March 20,
1857, the son of Varnum H. and
Louisa Pierce (Walker) Hill. The
father was born in Grafton and the
mother in Wilmot, and the son,
though Manchester born and bred,
has never ceased to feel the keenest
interest in the two localities and their
peoples, for everyone having personal
acquaintance with the man knows
that his most pronounced character-
istic is his catholicity of spirit and
nature. Mr. Hill lives to-day in the
house in which he was born, on Han-
over square. It is one of those spa-
cious houses built to last, and full of
cheer and strength. The senior Mr.
164
MANCHESTER.
111 in f tft.
The Post-office.
Hill is remembered as a man of abil-
ity arid character. He was a cotem-
porary of the late Benjamin P. and
James S. Cheney and Nathaniel
White in the founding of that ex-
press business that formed the nu-
cleus of the present American Ex-
press Company.
As a boy James W. Hill attended
the schools of Manchester, graduat-
ing from the high school in 1874.
He fitted for Dartmouth college, but
did not enter. This fact, however,
has not prevented him from entertain-
ing a lively interest in the college
and its life. In August, 1875, he
became a dry goods clerk and there-
upon, as events have proved, began
his life's career. His first employ-
ment was by the late Joseph R. Wes-
ton. In February, 1880, after five
years as a clerk he formed a copart-
nership with his employer, under the
firm name of Weston & Hill. Their
store was in a building where now is
the Pickering building. Here busi-
MANCHESTER.
165
ness was conducted until 1891, when
the firm was incorporated as the
Weston 6c Hill Company, and a re-
moval made to the Pembroke build-
ing-, and the business became that of
a department store. The house had
grown to this from a beginning, when
Mr. Weston and Mr. Hill constituted
the whole working force. To-day
near one hundred people are on the
pay-roll of the house, a fact that be-
speaks the tremendous strides of com-
mercial Manchester. In 1897 Mr.
Weston retired from active life, and'
the interest became the James W.
Hill Company.
Mr. Hill married, in 1889, Miss
Sallie M. Chandler, daughter of the
late Henry Chandler.
One will need search far and long
among public officials, of whatever
class, to find one more uniformly af-
fable, courteous, and sympathetic
than Edward H. Clough, since July,
1902, postmaster at Manchester. His
ever genial temperament and kindly
nature tend materially to produce in
him the ideal postmaster, and es-
pecially of Manchester, with its
varied nationalties and require-
ments.
Though proverbially buoyant in
spirit and action Postmaster Clough
is, nevertheless, a man of decision
and application, giving to the duty
of the hour faithful attention and ex-
acting like service from his subor-
dinates.
He was born in Meredith, May 2,
i860, the son of John K. and Ellen
Clough. The first twenty years of
his life were passed in his native
town, when the year 1880 saw him
venture into fields of wider oppor-
tunities. He found these in Man-
chester, and from the first of his days
in that city he has made the most of
each da> ? and year. His first work
in Manchester was as bookkeeper in
the market of Clough & Towle, the
senior member of which firm was his
brother, George S. After a service
of four years in the employ of this
firm he bought the interest of Mr.
Towle, when the firm title became
Edward H. CiOugh.
Clough & Company, remaining such
until 1891, when the firm's business
was sold to the Swifts of Chicago.
Upon the transference of the business
Mr. Clough entered the employ of
the Swifts, and remained with them
until his appointment as postmaster.
Mr. Clough is a member of a rep-
resentative New Hampshire family.
One brother, William O., is the edi-
tor of the Nashua Telegrapli, while a
second, John F., is chairman of the
Hillsborough county commissioners.
Postmaster Clough is a Mason, a
member of the Improved Order of
Red Men, and of the Amoskeag Vet-
1 66
MANCHESTER.
De Lafayette Robinson.
erans. He was married, in 1884, to
Miss Etta Prouty of Spencer, Mass.
They have two boys and two girls.
The church home of the family is the
Franklin Street Congregational.
The older New Hampshire farm-
ing community well and kindly re-
member the late De Lafayette Robin-
son of Manchester, for many years
one of the most extensive cattle buy-
ers in the state. The Manchester of
to-day more especially remembers
him from the fact that two of his
sons are residents of the city, and
both hold public positions. The
older of the sons, Tom W., is the
efficient superintendent of the state
industrial school, Manchester, while
the younger De Eafayette, is the as-
sistant postmaster. The present De
Lafayette Robinson was born in Man-
chester, April 24, 1863. He attended
the schools of Manchester, graduat-
ing from the high school in 1880,
and with this his student days closed.
From the high school he went to
work in the provision store of his
brother, Tom W. Here he remained
until October 16, 1899, when he was
appointed to the office of assistant
postmaster, and has since remained
in that office. He has served his
city for two years in the common
council, and two years as alderman.
He is a Mason, with membership in
Trinity Commandery, Knights Temp-
lar, and is a member of the Knights
of Pythias and the Workmen. He
belongs to the Calumet club, is the
only honorary member of the Cygnet
Boat club, and is also an honorary
member of the United States Letter
Carriers' association. He was mar-
ried, in 1892, to Miss Dorothy E.
Davis of Manchester. Mr. Robinson
is a member of Grace Episcopal
Church choir, and takes a deep in-
terest in the musical and social inter-
ests of Manchester. He is the owner
of a sword carried at the battle of
Miss Josphine L. Hunt.
MANCHESTER.
167
Bennington, and this valuable and
interesting relic is one of the sights
of his office in the post-office build-
ing.
The important and responsible po-
sition of finance clerk in the United
States post-office at Manchester is
held by Miss Josephine Eeighton
Hunt, and she is, perhaps, the only
woman in all New England to hold
such position. In her case the office
sought the woman, for she had no
political pull, not even a vote. The
office was given her because of proven
ability and business training and ex-
perience.
Miss Hunt is a native of Ports-
mouth, and a graduate of its high
school. She is a trained stenograph-
er and typewriter and bookkeeper,
having had service as such with the
S. C. Forsaith, Machine Company
and W. E. Drew. She is popular with
the general public and with all offi-
cially connected with the Manchester
post-office.
A man's standing in the commu-
nity and the qualities he possesses
oftentimes find their strongest and
truest interpretation in a purely so-
cial atmosphere. Political prefer-
ment is as often obtained on the
score of availability as otherwise,
and the same is true, but, perhaps,
to a lesser degree, in various other
fields of human affairs.
But in club life, as found in the
larger American cities, nothing of
this nature is likely to exist, as any
attempt to advance personal ends at
the expense of a social organization
would prompt instant condemnation,
because of the very spirit of the asso-
ciation.
Elsewhere it is said that the
president of the Derryfield club is
Perry H. Dow, and that he has held
this office for twelve consecutive
years, and that by annual election.
To be thus chosen as the presiding
officer of so representative an organi-
zation as is the Derrvfield is an honor
Perry H. Dow.
not lightly to be regarded, and more
especially for the reasons above
stated. The fact in itself indicates
that he is a man of tact as well as
talent, of discretion, and all round
equipment. Moreover, it shows the
man's disinterestedness and integ-
rity. This honor paid Mr. Dow by
his associates is, in a manner, all the
more marked from the fact that he is
Manchester born and bred, and hu-
man nature in that city is quite simi-
lar to what it is throughout the uni-
verse. It was said that a prophet is
not without honor save in his own
country, and Mr. Dow is, perhaps,
the exception that proves the rule.
Be that as it may his oft-repeated
i68
MANCHESTER.
election to the presidency of the
Derryfield club does honor to his fel-
low-members, and shows the manner
of men they are.
Mr. Dow's natal day was July 8,
1854, and thus he is yet on the right
side of fifty. His parents were Is-
rael and Lovina (Hobbs) Dow. The
father, who was a native of Deer-
field, went to Manchester in 1838,
and immediately entered the employ
of the Amoskeag corporation. He
was by trade a millwright, a calling
almost identical with that of the mill
engineer of to-day.
The millwright of the earlier New
England industrial life was one who
built on the premises the great water
wheels, the gates, flumes, dams, and
that which pertained to the motive
power of a cotton or woolen mill.
The senior Mr. Dow was employed in
the construction and development of
the Amoskeag corporation's plant
almost from its conception down to
1885, when he retired from the posi-
tion of master mechanic, which he
held many years, to pass his days
amid less active scenes. At the
time of his retirement he was in
his seventy-first year, and he lived
until 1898, dying at the age of
eighty-three. In 1855 and again in
1856 he was a member of the lower
branch of the legislature, and in 1883
a member of the state senate.
As a boy Perry H. Dow attended
the schools of his native city, gradu-
ating from the high school in 1871,
at the age of sixteen. He went di-
rect from the high school into the
engineering and draughting depart-
ments of the Amoskeag corporation,
then under the superintendency of
the late Edwin H. Hobbs, and in
these departments he has ever re-
mained, a total of thirty-two years, a
fact that again is indicative of fitness
and worth. Upon the death of Mr.
Hobbs, in 1890, he succeeded to the
position of civil engineer of the cor-
poration. In the time he has been
connected with the Amoskeag cor-
poration most of its large mills have
been built or rebuilt.
In the political life of his city and
state Mr. Dow has mingled to some
extent. He served for four years on
the local school board, and in 1889
represented Ward 1, of Manchester,
in the legislature. In 1891 he was
elected to the state senate and served
on the committees of the judiciary,
banks, manufacturing, of which he
was chairman ; and of towns and
parishes.
He was chairman of the commis-
sion appointed by Governor Rollins
in accordance with a resolution
passed by the legislature of 1899, to
consider the question of a state high-
way from the Massachusetts line to
Manchester, but the requirements of
his personal business were so many
and exacting that he soon retired
from the commission.
He joined the Derryfield club in
his twenty- first year, and was the
first member elected following its
formal organization. On the occa-
sion of the club's twenty-fifth anni-
versary, April, 1900, Mr. Dow was
presented by the members with a
solid mahogany hall clock of beauti-
ful and elaborate design, and a com-
plete dinner service of sterling silver.
The speech of presentation was made
by the late Charles T. Means, in that
pleasing and effective style typical of
the man.
Mr. Dow is active in the further-
ance of the city's material interests,
MANCHESTER.
169
and ever has been from early man-
hood. He is a director and treas-
urer of the Derryfield Sash and Blind
company, one of the largest interests
of the kind in the state ; and he is
vice-president and a director of the
Manchester Building and L,oan asso-
ciation. He is a Mason, with mem-
bership in Trinity Commandery,
Manchester, and in Aleppo Temple,
Order of the Mystic Shrine, Boston.
He has a decided fondness for nature,
and is the owner of a two hundred
acre farm located on the banks of the
Merrimack river, three miles from
Manchester city hall, and in its care
he finds genuine pleasure and de-
light.
In 1877 he married Miss Susie C.
Cook of Manchester. Three children
were born to them, two of whom died
in childhood. A son, Clinton I., is
a pupil in St. Euke's school, Wayne,
Penn. The family reside at the cor-
ner of North street and River road.
That New Hampshire is a field in
which a young man with courage,
diligence, and determination can
win success is aptly illustrated in the
career of Joshua B. Estey, for long
a recognized leader in Manchester's
commercial affairs, and alike promi-
nent in its religious, political, and
material interests. Born in Hills-
borough, July 1, 1846, his father,
Clark C, died when the son was but
seven years old, and his mother, who
was born Pauline Emerson, died
wdien he was but eleven. After the
death of his mother, Joshua B. left
Hillsborough for Antrim, in which
town he found work on various
farms, and a good home with the
Rev. John C. Bates, pastor of the
Presbyterian church. Work on
farms was varied with attendance at
the public schools, and he secured
one term at Henniker academy. At
eighteen he left Antrim for Boston,
where, for six and a half years he
was a salesman in the store of Hogg,
Brown & Taylor, and still for an-
other six and a half years for R. & J.
Gilchrist. In 1875, at the age of
thirty-one he returned to his native
New Hampshire, settling in Man-
Joshua B. Estey.
Chester, which has ever since re-
mained his home. He began life in
Manchester as a merchant, and to
have been able to do this at thirty-
one, shows that the boy, left without
father or mother, and obliged in boy-
hood to fight the merciless battle of
life, had made good use of his time
and opportunities. His original
Manchester store was on Elm street,
and he dealt in fancy goods and mil-
linery. He remained in this store
for nine years, when he sold to
Clark Brothers. He immediately
170
MANCHESTER.
thereafter formed a copartnership
with Noah S. Clark in operating the
store familiarly known throughout
New Hampshire by the distinctive
name of the Big 6. This firm still
exists under the name of Clark &
Estey, and its trade in fancy goods
and millinery is one of the most ex-
tensive in the state.
Mr. Estey served in the New
Hampshire legislature of 1887, and
in the city municipal campaign of
1902 was a candidate for the Repub-
lican mayoralty nomination, but his
opponent won at the primary, only to
be defeated at the polls.
Mr. Estey's connection with frater-
nal orders is limited to membership
in the Royal Arcanum. He was one
of the organizers of the Manchester
Young Men's Christian Association,
and for eight and a half years served
as its president. Into the upbuild-
ing of the association he threw his
whole energy and spirit and saw its
membership increase from some
seventy-five to more than four hun-
dred, and the association to become
a power for good in the city. He is
a member of the First Congrega-
tional church, and has held the
offices of deacon and president of the
society. He is at present the audi-
tor of the Manchester board of trade.
In 1867 he married Miss Florence
M. Burnham of Chester, Vt. Two
daughters were born to them, one of
whom died in infancy, while the
other is the wife of George B. Rog-
ers, an engraver in the Manchester
Print Works. The family home is
on Myrtle Heights.
The opportunities and advantages
which the city of Manchester holds
forth to every young man of spirit,
determination, and ambition are
splendidly exemplified in Benjamin
A. Bloomey, who fittingly represents
both the commercial and musical in-
terests of Manchester. Above all is
he a splendid example of what can
be accomplished under the most ad-
verse conditions by a rigid and un-
compromising adherence to a pur-
pose in view.
Coming to the United States from
Canada, where he was born May 5,
Benjamin A Bloomey.
1863, and settling with his parents
in Eawreuce, when in infancy, the
family remained in the Massachu-
setts city for five years when it re-
moved to Manchester, which ever
since has remained the home of the
son. He attended the public schools
of the city until fifteen, when he be-
gan the real conflict of life as a clerk
in the grocery store of Parker & Me-
serve, continuing with this firm for
two years. His further experience
as a clerk was in the clothing store
of Michael O'Dowd, where he re-
MANCHESTER.
171
mained for fifteen years. In all
these years as a clerk he devoted his
spare moments to the study of music,
making the banjo, mandolin, and
guitar chosen specialties. He threw
his whole life into the attainment of
proficiency in the mastery of these
three stringed instruments, and fur-
thering this proficiency by the econo-
mical use of a leisure hour. In
course of time he became enabled to
become a student of W. A. Cole of
Boston. A second teacher was
George L. Lansing, and a third
Carlo Carciotto, all of Boston. As
Mr. Bloomey progressed in his
studies and experience with one
teacher he continually looked about
for those still higher in the profes-
sion, and to this end he became a
pupil of Alfred A. Farland, New-
York, and a fifth teacher was Gae-
tano Rapisado, Boston. Thus he
has had the advantage of the best
talent in America as a student of the
banjo, mandolin, and guitar.
While still a clerk in a clothing
store Mr. Bloomey taught as well as
studied music and his teaching
opened a way for him to sell musical
instruments, and this sale of banjos,
mandolins, and guitars so increased
that he was literally compelled to
open business for himself. His
salesrooms and studios are in the
Music Hall building, and are hand-
somely equipped and well stocked.
His musical studies, other than
as mentioned, include an extended
study in harmony, and Mr. Bloomey
has already taken honorable rank as
an author of music. He was mar-
ried, in 1885, to Miss Olive M. Bois-
vert of Manchester, and one girl has
been born to them. The family
home is on Merrimack street, and
the attractive residence is a result of
Mr. Bloomey's success in music.
He is a member of the Red Men,
Workmen, and the Circle Dramati-
que club of Manchester, and of the
local board of trade.
Among the spacious and attrac-
tively appointed suites of offices in
The Beacon are those of that great
business enterprise, the National
Cash Register Company of Dayton,
Henry A. Reed.
O., the Manchester and New Hamp-
shire agent of which is Henry A.
Reed. One room of the suite is
utilized as an exhibition room, and
in it are displayed the varying sizes
and styles of registers. Included in
the exhibit is a new production, a
register of individual protection,
called the Multiple-drawer National
Cash register, and it gives a record
of individual sales without possibility
of error.
Every time a cash drawer is opened,
no matter for what purpose, a record
I 7 2
MANCHESTER.
Henry B. Fairbanks.
is automatically printed on a narrow
strip of paper, called the sales strip.
This is wound up inside of the regis-
ter under lock and key. On this
sales strip is printed the amount and
kind of each transaction, together
with the initial of the person who
registered it. As the register can-
not be operated without pressing an
initial key, the user of the register is
practically forced to sign his name to
each registration whether he wants
to or not. The printed section of
this strip of paper, showing the sales
in detail, can be removed whenever
desired. In this way a printed record
of each day's sales can be filed away
for future reference.
No other system has ever given
these facts accurately, positively, and
without the slightest chance for error
— it has remained for a machine to
furnish them.
It is simply wonderful, and, sur-
prising as it may seem, is wonder-
fully simple.
Not only is Henry B. Fairbanks
one of the most widely known citi-
MANCHESTER.
l 73
zens of Manchester, but throughout
New Hampshire he has an extensive
acquaintance. He has marked ver-
satility of talent and those qualities
of nature and character that draw
men to him. He is known in the
state's business circles, in its politi-
cal life, and for his prominence in
Odd Fellowship. As an Odd Fel-
low he has attained the high position
of commander of the New Hamp-
shire department of the Patriarchs
Militant, having passed through the
different grades to the department
command.
He was born in Manchester, Oc-
tober 10, 1847, the son of Alfred and
Harriet (Dodge) Fairbanks. He at-
tended the public schools until he was
sixteen, when he became a clerk in
the hardware store of Daniels & Co.,
on Elm street, and remained there
for five and a half years. He then,
when little more than twenty-one,
.formed a partnership with Reed P.
Silver in the manufacture of fancy
hardware. He continued this un-
dertaking for one year, when he once
again became a clerk in a hardware
store. For two years he was with
the John B. Varick Company, after
which was formed the partnership
of Fairbanks & Folsom. The firm
dealt in all descriptions of house-
hold utensils and tinware, and carts
were run throughout southern New
Hampshire. The partnership was dis-
solved after an existence of five years,
when Mr. Fairbanks embarked in the
auction and commission business,
and has continued as sole proprietor
for ten years. His office is at 54
Hanover street, but he attends to
sales everywhere within the state, and
few auctioneers have a wider business
acquaintance than he. For several
G. M.— 12
years past he has organized and con-
ducted tours to California and else-
where. In all he has made nine
trips to the Pacific coast. He has
served two terms in the city's com-
mon council and has been urged re-
peatedly to accept a mayoralty nomi-
nation.
He is a member of Wildey lodge of
Odd Fellows, and a past grand ; of
Mt. Washington encampment, and
past commander of Grand Canton
Ridgely, No. 2, Patriarchs Militant.
He also has membership in the Red
Men and the Grange. He married
Miss Fannie M. Daniels of Manches-
ter. They have one daughter living,
Miss Elsie D., a teacher in the Man-
chester high school. The church
home of the family is the Franklin
Street Congregational.
As is said elsewhere in this article
that the president of Manchester's effi-
cient board of trade is George H.
Brown, senior member of the firm of
Brown & Burpee, consulting opti-
cians. This is Mr. Brown's second
year as the official head of the board
of trade, and his reelection for a sec-
ond term was by unanimous vote.
He is New Hampshire born and
reared, having been born in Hill
fifty-five years ago, the son of
Samuel and Nancy C. (Swain)
Brown. He attended the schools of
his native town, and later was a stu-
dent at the New Hampton institute.
His father was an optician, and the
son early in life decided to make phy-
siological optics his vocation. To
this end, he, soon after leaving school,
studied anatomy and physiology with
one of New Hampshire's best known
physicians as his teacher, and fol-
lowed these studies under his tute-
lage for two years. He next became
174
MANCHESTER.
a pupil, in optics, of J. H. Owen,
M. D., Detroit, Mich., and this
course was followed by another in
physiological optics in New York.
He thus became proficient in his
society of Boston, the first organi-
zation of the kind in the country.
He is at present vice-president of the
New England Optical institute, Bos-
ton, and has served the Granite State
profession, and this thoroughness Optical society as its president from
and proficiency has told in the sue- the date of its organization. He is
George H. Brown.
cess of the firm, for it has become
widely known in central and north-
ern New England, and the patronage
of the house is of an intelligent and
appreciative nature.
Mr. Brown has done much to aid
in the dissemination of a knowledge
of physiological optics, doing good
thereby to his fellow-men, and honor-
ing his profession. He is a charter
member of the New England Optical
recognized by the profession as one
of its foremost leaders.
He is chairman of the board of re-
gents of the American Association of
Opticians (this has to do with the
educational work of this the largest
optical organization in the world,
and the regents preside over the phy-
siological branch, which include only
such opticians as have to do with the
prescribing of spectacles for the hu-
MANCHESTER.
175
man eye), arid he is known as one of
the foremost consulting opticians in
this country. He is the inventor of
the ophthalmic cabinet, an instru-
ment used in measuring the refrac-
tion of the eye by opticians and ocu-
lists, and this instrument has met the
most rapid sale, perhaps, of any in-
strument of its kind yet invented.
He was a member of the New
Hampshire legislature from 1878 to
1 88 1. He was promoter and the
first president of the Tilton and
Northfield Fire Insurance Co. He
is a man greatly interested in the
growth of his adopted city. He is a
member of the First Congregational
church, and one of its present dea-
cons. In Masonry he is a Knights
Templar, and has also membership
in the Grange. He married Miss
Laura E. Thompson of Sanbornton.
A daughter, Maude E., is a special
teacher of vocal music in the Man-
chester public schools. She is a
graduate of the local high school
and of the New England Conserva-
tory of Music.
Elsewhere in this article it is said
that the electrical equipment of the
new Beacon building was done by
A. L,. Franks & Company, a Man-
chester firm that is thoroughly rep-
resentative of this latest branch of
American commercial interests.
This firm also had the contracts for
the electrical equipment of the New
Kennard building, now completed,
Notre Dame hospital, the high school
building, and residences without
number. The business of the house
is the dealing in and»installation of
all descriptions of electrical merchan-
dise and appliances, of mantels, til-
ing, and fire-place furnishings, and
building specialties.
Arthur L,. Franks, the active mem-
ber of the firm, is still another valued
representative of that large contin-
gent of young business men in Man-
chester. He is a native of the city,
having been born February 13, 1869.
His parents are Charles M. and Em-
ma J. (Fling) Franks. Upon his
graduation from the Manchester high
school, in 1886, he entered the office
Arthur L. Franks.
of George W. Stevens, architect,
Manchester, and, in time, became an
efficient draughtsman. He remained
with Mr. Stevens two and a half
years, when he entered the employ of
Architect William M. Butterfield.
The business of draughtsman he fol-
lowed for a total of seven years, the
last three of which were in Nashua.
In 1894 he became a dealer in build-
ing specialties, mantels, tilings, and
fireplace furnishings, his experience
as an architect especially fitting him
for that business. In May, 1895, he
formed a partnership with Maj. Frank
176
MANCHESTER.
B. Perkins, an electrician, as dealers
and contractors in electrical supplies
and installation. This partnership
was dissolved in 1897 by the with-
drawal of Mr. Perkins, since which
time Mr. Franks has had the busi-
ness association of his father. Each
succeeding year has seen the busi-
ness of the firm gain in volume and
in the extent of territory covered.
From i895-'99 Mr. Franks was
captain of the Manchester cadets, an
independent military organization
that was conspicuous in the social
and fraternal life of the city. He is
an Odd Fellow and member of the
Calumet club. In 1895 he married
Miss Mary B. Davis of Nashua.
They have two children, a girl and
a bov.
Alfred K. Hobbs.
One of the younger merchants of
Manchester, and prominent among
them all, is Alfred Kimball Hobbs,
one of the most extensive dealers in
leather, rubber, and mill merchan-
dise there is in New Hampshire.
He is likewise prominent and popu-
lar in Manchester's social and club
life as it is in its best forms.
He was born in Manchester, Feb-
ruary 28, 1870, and has, therefore,
just completed the thirty-third year
of his life. His parents were Edwin
Howard and Ellen M. (Kimball)
Hobbs. His father was, from 1853
until his death in 1890, civil engineer
on the Amoskeag corporation, and a
leading citizen of Manchester. He
served in the War of the Rebellion as
a first lieutenant, and ranked among
the best in his profession.
The son, Alfred K., after gradu-
ating from the Manchester high
school, in 1890, entered Harvard
university, but relinquished his uni-
versity course upon the death of his
father. Returning to Manchester he
went into the mills of the Amoskeag
corporation with the purpose of learn-
ing cotton manufacturing. But in
1895 an opportunity was offered him
to engage in business, and with his
uncle, Edward L,. Kimball, as a
partner, the firm bought the store
1064-70 Elm street, and became. ex-
tensive wholesale and retail dealers
in every kind of rubber, leather, ath-
letic goods, and mill supplies for
every line of manufacturing. In
1899 Mr. Kimball retired from the
firm since which time Mr. Hobbs has
conducted the business alone.
In 1901 he was sent to the legisla-
ture, and was a member of the com-
mittee on manufactures. He belongs
to the Calumet and Derryfield clubs,
is a Mason with membership in
Trinity commandery and Adonirarn
council, and belongs to Ridgely lodge
of Odd Fellows.
MANCHESTER.
177
The younger business and social
element of Manchester and New
Hampshire has a fitting and valued
representative in James A. Wellman,
general agent for New Hampshire, of
the National Life Insurance Com-
pany of Vermont. There is special
appropriateness in the placing of Mr.
Wellman in his present position, for
the president of the National of Ver-
mont is a young man and decidedly
typical of the coming man of affairs,
and there are other reasons why there
should be a mutual regard between
these two men. Both are graduates
of Dartmouth, both selected life in-
surance as their calling upon leaving
college, and both are factors in the
further growth of that already great
interest, the National Life Insurance
Company of Vermont.
Mr. Wellman is, indeed, fortunate
in his famity genealogy, for by it he
is eligible to membership in almost
every society organized to perpetuate
the memory of events in American
life and history. He was born in
Cornish Centre, May 4, 1867, the son
of Albert E. and Emily Dodge (Hall)
Wellman. His father was a sub-
stantial farmer of Cornish, and his
grandfather, four generations remote,
was the Rev. James Wellman, D. D.,
one of the earlier graduates of Har-
vard, and who journeyed to Cornish,
cotemporary with the Chases, ances-
tors of Salmon P. Chase, and became
the first minister of the first church
in Cornish. The first frame house
in Cornish was built for the young
minister, and it is still intact. An-
other ancestor was Abraham Well-
man, who was a soldier from the
province of Massachusetts in Col.
William Pepperell's command in the
attack upon and capture of Louis-
burg in 1745, and in this siege Abra-
ham Wellman gave up his life.
Still another ancestor was William
Ripley, adjutant of Col. Jonathan
James A. Wellman.
Chase's regiment that participated in
the campaign against Burgoyne in
1777, and besides all this Mr. Well-
man is twelfth in descent from Gov.
William Bradford of the Plymouth
colony.
After attending the schools of his
native Cornish young Wellman pre-
pared for college at Kimball Union
academy and entered Dartmouth
with the class that graduated in
1889. Immediately upon graduation
he entered upon the business of life
insurance as special agent of the Con-
necticut Mutual Company. Later he
became the general agent of the com-
pany for Vermont, with headquarters
in Burlington, and he retained this
position for five years, finally resign-
ing to accept the New Hampshire
state agency of the National of Ver-
i 7 8
MANCHESTER.
tnont. He has forty men under his
direction, and the annual business of
his agency, since he assumed charge,
has never been less than $600,000,
and it has become now the second
largest in the state.
Mr. Wellman is a thirty-second de-
gree Mason, an Odd Fellow, and
member of the Derryfield club. He
is a member of the Society of Co-
lonial Governors, of the Society of
Colonial Wars, and of the Society of
the American Revolution, and is sec-
retary of the Insurance Agents' So-
ciety of the United States.
In 1898 he married Miss Florence
Vincent of Burlington, Vt., and two
children have been born to them.
Harry C. Eastman.
As is to be taken for granted, that
pushing, virile, and phenomenally
successful business interest, the Pru-
dential Life Insurance Company of
Newark, N. J., has an agency in
Manchester, its headquarters for
New Hampshire, and its manager
is Harry Crooker Eastman, who,
though one of the youngest insur-
ance men in the city, has demon-
strated his fitness for the important
position.
Mr. Eastman is a native of Man-
chester, and was born June 24, 1874.
His parents were George H. and
Mary (Crooker) Eastman. After
completing the different grades of
the city schools he became the book-
keeper for the Southern Land and
Lumber Company, Almeda, S. C.
He remained in this position for one
year, when he returned to Manches-
ter, and entered the office of the
Massachusetts Mutual Insurance
Company as assistant cashier. Later
he became* manager of agencies in
Vermont and New Hampshire for
the same company. In August,
1901, he was appointed to his pres-
ent position, succeeding the late Col.
Fred A. Palmer. On the completion
of The Beacon, the entire front of
the third story, except two windows,
was leased for the company's offices,
a fact that in itself is indicative of
the extent of the company's Man-
chester and New Hampshire busi-
ness. The offices have been ar-
ranged and appointed with the
needs of the insurance business in
view, and as such are simply fault-
less.
Mr. Eastman is an Odd Fellow,
and member of the Warwick club of
Portsmouth. In 1899 he married
Miss Angie A. Sanborn, daughter of
Senator John L. Sanborn of Man-
chester. She died in June, 1902,
leaving an infant daughter.
Manchester and New Hampshire
people are justly proud of that
"sound, solid, and successful" finan-
cial and commercial enterprise, The
MANCHES TER.
179
New Hampshire Fire Insurance Com-
pany. From the date of its incep-
tion and organization, now thirty-
three years past, the record of its
existence is appropriately told in
that single word "progressive," a
term fitly employed by the company
in its official semi-annual statements.
"Sound, solid, and successful' is
the motto of the company, and never
were words more justifiably em-
ployed. The company's seal, the
Old Man of the Mountain, typifies
that the strength of the granite hill
is likewise emblematic of this splen-
did commercial enterprise.
The idea of the New Hampshire
Fire Insurance Company was con-
ceived in the brain of the late John
C. French, a native of Pittsfield, and
who throughout his life was esteemed
for nobility of character, fidelity to
duty, and sincerity of purpose. Early
in life Mr. French was a successful
life insurance agent, and the train-
ing therein obtained served him to
good purpose in later fields of labor.
Fortunately his idea of a new Hamp-
shire fire insurance company was
favorably received by the then busi-
ness men of Manchester, not a few
among whom in the later years of
their lives accomplished labors that
to-day constitute an integral part of
the state's history.
The company began business as a
stock company in 1870. Its first di-
rectory was made up of the follow-
ing : Ezekiel A. Straw, James A.
Weston, Samuel N. Bell, Albert H.
Daniels, Samuel Upton, Geo. Byron
Chandler, Clinton W. Stanley, David
Gillis, John L,. Harvey, Woodbury
F. Prescott, William D. Knapp,
Moses R. Emerson, and John F.
Chase. Thus the enterprise with
the backing of such men, and the
resourcefulness and push of Mr.
French was most fortunately
launched. The name of Geo. By-
ron Chandler, as the first treasurer,
has been continued to this day, a
Uberto C. Crosby.
record of continuous service rarely
duplicated in this world of change.
The late Governor Straw was first
president, and Mr. French secretary.
The operations of the company were
at first confined to New Hampshire.
Eater they were made to include all
New England, and finally the entire
country. One clerk was the office
force when the company began busi-
ness. But the enterprise was a sig-
nal success from the first. In 1885
the company completed its own home
office building on Elm street. Spa-
cious as is this building its every
foot of floor space is utilized by the
needs of the corporation. In all
thirty-two clerks are employed, and
180 MANCHESTER.
its agents are in practically every The varied nature and comprehen-
town in the country. The late Gov- siveuess of Manchester's commercial
ernor Weston became the second interests find apt illustration in the
president of the company. Mr. commercial greenhouses of A. G.
French continuing as secretary, and Hood and in his florist's store at 915
as such looking out for the field Elm street. His greenhouses are on
work, while Mr. Chandler had Hanover road, Massabesic L,ake trol-
charge of the securities. Harmony ley line, and a brief fifteen minutes
has always prevailed in the manage- ride from Manchester city hall. The
ment of its affairs, and this is a great greenhouses comprise 30,000 feet of
reason wh)' it is to-day "sound, glass, making the establishment the
solid, and successful." Its capital largest of its kind north of Boston,
in 1870 was $100,000; 1872, The houses are of the most modern
$200,000; 1874, $250,000; 1882, construction, and in the present sea-
$500,000; 1888, $600,000; 1891, son two additional houses are to be
$700,000 ; 1893, $800,000 ; 1896, built and these, when finished, will
$900,000, and in 1897, the capitali- bring the total amount of glass up to
zation was made $1,000,000, at 50,000 feet. The proposed addition
which it remains. This is most em- is made imperative by the continuous
phatically progressive. Its assets are increase of Mr. Hood's wholesale
some three and a half millions, and business, which reaches to all points
its surplus above a million, thus offer- in New Hampshire,
ing a security that is as stable and While Mr. Hood grows a general
sound as the granite hills of the state, list of flowers and plants his great
Upon the death of Governor W T es- specialty is carnations. His plant-
ton Mr. French became president in ing of these under glass the past
1895, and held the office until his winter consisted of 10,000 plants,
death in 1900. The second secre- which have produced tens of thou-
tary of the company was George E. sands of blossoms. He grows bed-
Kendall, ding plants in enormous quantities,
In 1899 Uberto C. Crosby became which find sale throughout the state,
president, and he still continues in as he has a finely equipped mail or-
that office. The present secretary is der department.
Frank W. Sargeant, while Frank E. His Elm street store is always a
Martin and Eewis W. Crockett are busy place, as it is here that he does
assistant secretaries. most of his retail business. Plants,
President Crosby is one whom all seeds, bulbs, and floral requisites are
Manchester appreciates, for he iden- included in the store's supplies,
tifies himself with everything de- Manchester's position as a corn-
signed for the good of city and state, mercial community has been the
In his chosen calling he has been magnet that has drawn to her pres-
trained from early manhood, and had ent citizenship many a valuable man,
held positions of trust and impor- not only from other sections of north-
tance prior to his election to the ern New England, but even from
presidency of the New Hampshire Massachusetts. Of this type is
Fire Insurance Company. James D. Perkins, proprietor of the
MANCHESTER.
181
dye house and naphtha cleansing
works that bear his name. He was
formerly of Concord, in which city
he is remembered by the entire com-
munity for the sterling qualities of
his character and manhood, but prior
to his residence in Concord he had
lived in New Jersey and Massachu-
setts. Yet his removal from the
Bay state to New Hampshire was
but a return to his native hearth, for
he was born in Fitzwilliam, May 2,
1855. His parents were Burnham
and Rosella (Whitcomb) Perkins.
The family removed to the town of
Winchendon, Mass., when the son
was ten years old, and he remained
there until sixteen, at which age he
completed his school life. From
Winchendon the family removed to
Jaffrey, and from there to Fitchburg,
Mass. With an older brother he
passed one year in New Jersey and
then rejoined the family in Fitch-
burg and entered the employ of his
father to learn the trade of dyeing and
cleansing. In 1876 he went to Con-
cord and opened the Concord Dye
House and continued the business for
twenty-two years, when he disposed
of the property and went to Boston
to engage in the same business. He
remained in Boston only a short time,
when he returned to New Hampshire,
settling in Manchester, with business
location on Hanover street. His
present plant is one of the largest of
the kind in the state, and its patron-
age is from all parts of southern New
Hampshire.
Mr. Perkins is a member of White
Mountain lodge of Odd Fellows,
Concord.
In 1872 he united with the Baptist
church, Milburn, N. J., and has ever
been active in the work of the de-
nomination. When in Concord he
was actively identified with its
Y. M. C. A., and is at present a
deacon in the First Baptist church,
James D. Perkins.
Manchester. In 1876 he married
Miss Agnes S. Geddes of Winchen-
don. They have one daughter.
City Hall square is regarded as the
hub of commercial Manchester, and
on the ground floor of the building
on the north corner of Elm and Han-
over streets is the fire insurance office
of William G. Berry, one of the larg-
est in the amount of business written
there is in the entire state. Almost
from his very boyhood to manhood
the insurance business has been Mr.
Berry's life calling, and therefore it
is but natural that he should be the
expert and efficient agent he is.
He was born in Pittsfield, July 13,
1866, the son of William H. and
Laura O. (Cilley) Berry. The
family removed to Manchester in
1880, when the son entered the city
182
MANCHESTER.
high school and, after graduating
from this, he attended the commer-
cial school of Bryant & Stratton,
under the principalship of William
Heron, Jr. From the commercial
school he went into the office of the
New Hampshire Fire Insurance
Company, and remained in its em-
ploy for fifteen years, doing special
work for the corporation in the later
period of his employment. He next
William G. Berry.
bought the insurance business then
owned by Alonzo Elliott, Geo. A.
French, and Geo. M. Sanborn, and
located in the same offices Mr. Berry
now occupies. Since the purchase
he has nearly doubled the business
of the office. He represents some
twenty-five companies doing business
in the state and writes all kinds of
insurance.
Mr. Berry, like most active and
energetic men, has his hobby, and it
is the horse, either in the shape of
gentleman's driver, a trotter, or a
pacer. At one time or another he
has owned and campaigned some of
the fastest trotting and pacing horses
ever known to the New Hampshire
turf. Among his horses have been
Jubilee Wilkes, pacer, with record of
2 : ii^, which he sold some five years
ago to New York parties. A second
pacer he owned and sold was Jones
Ordway, 2 : 135, now the property of
General Dudley of Concord. Jones
Ordway has a more than state-wide
reputation as a snow horse. His
many triumphs include the winning
this winter of the silver cup offered
by Walter Eeete of Concord. Lado-
ga Boy, 2 : 165, is the name of a
pacer at present owned by Mr. Berry,
and it is his intention to campaign
him this summer. He is a gray
gelding, seven years old, and bred in
Eadoga, Ind. Another representa-
tive of his present stable is Zetara,
by Alcantara, an unmarked trotter,
but with a trial mark of 2 : 20. Still
a third representative is the mare,
Mary Butler, by Glencoe Wilkes,
and she is one of the best road
horses in southern New Hampshire.
Mr. Berry is an Odd Fellow, an
Elk, and belongs to both the Derry-
field and Calumet clubs.
A glance at the accompanying half
tone portrait of Alonzo Elliott shows
him to be a splendid type of the
aggressive, strenuous, self-reliant
American of to-day ; full of origi-
nality, individuality, and steadfast-
ness. He is of that type and class
that in these wonderful days of the
country's commercial and industrial
progress, development, and growth
perceives the new needs and oppor-
tunities, and leads the way to fulfill
the one and to accept and utilize the
other. He is aggressive, and it is
MANCHES TER.
183
the aggressiveness of his kind that
keeps things moving.
Though born in Augusta, Me., his
days since infancy have been passed
in New Hampshire, and it is in the
development of her interests that he
has devoted his entire manhood life
and energies. He was born July 25,
1849, and is, therefore, but little be-
yond fifty, and right in the full vigor
of manhood, yet for one of his years
he has accomplished much. His
parents were Albert and Adeline
Waterman (Blackburn) Elliott. Re-
moving from Augusta the family
settled in what is now Tilton, but at
that time Sanbornton Bridge. After
attending the schools of the town
young Elliott entered the Tilton,
N. H., Conference seminary. Leav-
ing school for good at seventeen he
went to Colebrook, up in Coos coun-
ty, and became a clerk in the general
store of Pitkin & Gilman. At that
time Colebrook was the centre of a
large starch producing centre and of
general farming. It was here that
Mr. Elliott saw the opportunities that
were to come with the commercial
growth of the state. He returned to
Tilton and learned telegraphy, and
upon its acquisition went to Went-
worth and at work in a store that
combined telegraph office, post-office,
express office, and the like, and he
gained experience in all departments.
In 1869 he arrived in Manchester,
being at that time just twenty, and
went to work for the Concord and
the Manchester & Lawrence Rail-
road companies as telegraph operator
and ticket agent, and served con-
tinuously until 1893, becoming, dur-
ing this service, one of the most ex-
pert ticket handlers in the country.
Naturally active and full of enter-
prise he, in 1888, became interested
in electric lighting, then just coming
into use. He was one of the first
directors and later president of the
Manchester Electric Light Company,
and raised the money to build the
Alonzo Elliott.
original station of the company. In
1892 he raised the money to build
the F. M. Hoyt shoe factory, and
later the funds to build the Eureka
shoe factory, the capital of $150,000
of the Elliott Manufacturing Com-
pany, underwear ; the Kimball Car-
riage Company, both depository and
factor)', and took part in procuring
1 84 MANCHES TER.
the funds for the Crafts & Green, and one son. The eldest daughter,
Kimball Brothers, and McElwain Lucille W., is the wife of Harry G.
factories. His business specialty is Clough. The other daughters are
private banking with Manchester Laura Medora and Mildred W., while
office at the corner of Elm and Han- the son is Alonzo, Jr.
over streets and 100 Broadway, New The life insurance agency of
York city. He is vice-president and Cheney & Cheney, founded fifteen
clerk of the People's Gaslight Com- years ago, and continued until Janu-
pany, vice-president and member of ary 1 of the current year, was prob-
the executive committee of the Elliott ably the best known interest of the
Manufacturing Company, and with kind in all northern New England,
the late Gov. James A. Weston and This is not said by way of odious
the late John B. Varick built the comparison nor as an intended slight
New Manchester House property, to any other like interest, but as the
He is a Knight Templar, was a char- simple truth and in justice to the
ter member of the Derryfield club, two men whose personality was the
and is a member of the New York strong factor in its upbuilding, even
Athletic club. though they represented that giant
He has never been especially ac- organization, the Mutual Life Insur-
tive in city or state politics, but in ance Company of New York. The
the state campaign of 1902 he yielded new system for conducting its field
to the request of friends throughout work, introduced by the Mutual, and
the state, and ran as a Republican operative at the beginning of the
independent candidate for governor, year, brought about the dissolution
He and his friends contended that it of the firm which had made for it-
was time the party should heed the self so extended a name and fame,
handwriting upon the wall and assert Its senior member was Reuben How-
that the state should be governed for ard Cheney, and junior, Fred N.
the benefit of all the people. The Cheney, who is now located in Buf-
result of the canvass under all the falo, N. Y. Reuben H. Cheney con-
circumstances was extremely credit- tinues the Manchester business, and
able to Mr. Elliott. probably by the time of the printed
His city home, " Brookhurst," is appearance of this sketch will be in
just above the Amoskeag passenger the new offices of the company in the
station. It consists of eight acres, rebuilt Kennard. These offices will
and it maintains its cows and farm be on the ground floor, and will have
pets. the distinction of being the only
In 1873 Mr. Elliott married Miss ground floor offices possessed by any
Ella R. Weston, daughter of the late single insurance company in Manches-
Amos and Rebecca J.Weston, and ter, even if not in any other larger New
niece of the late Gov. James A. Wes- England city. This fact of its ground
ton. She died in 1876. In 1878 he floor offices is significant and full of
married Miss Medora W. Weeks, meaning. Mr. Cheney is, first of all,
daughter of George W. and Sarah recognized by the Mutual Life as
E. Weeks of Manchester. They capable of justifying such large ex-
have four children, three daughters penditnre as it necessarily involves,
MANCHES TER.
185
and that the company's business in
New Hampshire and Vermont com-
prised in his territory, will continue
to grow in the future as in the past.
It likewise is a practical demonstra-
tion of the strength and resource of
the Mutual Life Company.
Mr. Cheney was born in Areola,
Minn., February 14, 1856, the son
of Frederick Porter and Louise B.
(Hill) Cheney. Both parents were
born and reared in Glover, Vt., and
in that town they were married, mi-
grating at once to Minnesota. Hap-
pening to return to Vermont on a
visit in the early sixties to see the
invalid father of the senior Mr.
Cheney, the intended visit length-
ened into his decision to remain per-
manently. He was drafted into the
army, went to the county seat, and
paid his $300 commutation money,
and returned home and enlisted of
his own accord. It would, indeed,
be interesting to know if there was
such another instance of devotion to
principle as this. Certain it is that
there were not many.
Reubeu Howard was, therefore,
brought up in Vermont. He at-
tended the schools of Glover and
Barton, working on farms during va-
cations. After leaving school he
was a clerk in a country store for
two years. Later he became a clerk
in the office of the division superin-
tendent of freight at White River
Junction, Vt., and finally he himself
became superintendent and lived at
White River Junction for twelve
years. He was offered and accepted
a special agency of the Mutual Life
Insurance Company in Manchester.
Instant and signal success followed
this venture, and he was shortly
after joined by his brother, Fred N.
The first year they doubled the
amount of insurance ever written by
the company in the same length of
time. The New Hampshire state
agency was next given them, and
still later Vermont was added to their
territory. In the fifteen years of the
continuance of the firm of Cheney &
Cheney it wrote $25,000,000 worth
of insurance for the Mutual Life.
Reuben H. Cheney.
Mr. Cheney is a thirty- second de-
gree Mason, and belongs to the Der-
ryfield and Calumet clubs in Man-
chester, the New Hampshire club of
Boston, and the Amoskeag Veterans.
In 1876 he married Miss Nellie A.
Burroughs of Glover, Vt. They
have a most interesting family of six
children, four sons and two daugh-
ters. The eldest son, Roydon W.,
graduated at Harvard in 1901, and
is now in the office with his father.
The second son, Clinton Howard, is
his father's private secretary. He is
developing fine artistic tastes, and
1 86
MANCHESTER.
his work with pen and brush is most
excellent. A third son, Frederick
W., is also in the office, while the
fourth is a student. The daughters
are, respectively, May Louise and
Ruby Lucille.
The Equitable Life Assurance So-
ciety, one of the greatest financial
and commercial organizations in the
Winfield S. Jewell.
world, has for its New Hampshire
state agent, with headquarters in
Manchester, Winfield S. Jewell.
Under his direction, about the state,
are forty-five experienced men, a
statement that is indicative of Mr.
Jewell's ability and success in man-
aging the Equitable's interests in
New Hampshire.
Mr. Jewell was born in Brentwood,
over in Rockingham county, on April
15, 1 86 1, the son of Joseph and Bet-
sey Hayden (Wales) Jewell. The
family is an old and representative
one in Rockingham county. Capt.
Joseph Jewell, great grandfather of
Winfield S., commanded a company
at the battle of Bunker Hill.
In 1 87 1 the fatuity removed to
Manchester, where the son, continu-
ing his school life, graduated from
the high school. He fitted for Har-
vard at Phillips Exeter, but failing
health compelled a relinquishment
of his intended university career.
Eventually he became a clerk in the
Manchester National bank, and after
this he became assistant paymaster
under the late Charles S. Means at
the Manchester Locomotive Works.
His next venture in the world of
business was as a wholesale dealer in
grain and groceries, which proved
unsuccessful. Cleaning up his af-
fairs as a wholesale dealer in grain
and groceries he left Manchester for
Lynn, Mass., where he entered the
employ of the Thompson-Houston
Company, the electricians. After
gaining a thorough knowledge of
electric car and street railway equip-
ment he went to Des Moines, la.,
where, for two years, he was con-
nected with the street railway service
of that city. He next entered the
service of the Citizens' Street Rail-
way Company of Indianapolis, as
superintendent of construction and
electrician. In 1894 he became
manager of the street railway service
in Toledo, O., and remained in that
city for four years, leaving to accept
a position iu the East. In 1901 he
was offered his present position with
the Equitable people and accepted,
and as a result returned to his native
state and the city of his boyhood.
He has just taken possession of a
new suite of offices in the New
Hampshire Fire Insurance Com-
pany's building.
In 1866 he married Miss Charlotte
MANCHESTER.
187
M., daughter of Daniel W. Lane of
Manchester. They have five chil-
dren, two boys and three girls. The
church home of the family is the
First Baptist.
One of the best known men in New
Hampshire building trades interests
is Walter E. Darrah, whose home is
in Concord, but who has business
offices in both Concord and Manches-
ter. Slate and gravel roofing is his
leading business, but he is in addi
tion the exclusive agent in Concord,
Manchester, and vicinity for the sale
of the Bee Hive brand of felt roofing
material.
Mr. Darrah has both a theoretical
and practical knowledge of the roof-
ing interests now of so much impor-
tance in building construction, for it
has been his life-work, and he had
for an instructor his father, the late
Wingate M. Darrah, remembered
throughout the state as a pioneer in
this line.
Walter E. was born in the town of
Methuen, Mass., November 24, 1863.
When he was but four years old the
family removed to Bedford, and in
this town the son passed his boyhood
life. From the public schools of
Bedford he went to McGaw institute
at Reed's Ferry, and still later was a
student at Pinkerton academy, Derry,
where his days at school ended. For
a while after leaving school he worked
on his father's farms, three in num-
ber, in Bedford, after which he en-
tered the roofing business in which
he has since continued. Three years
ago he bought out his father's busi-
ness, and with an office at 156 North
Main street, Concord, and at 335
Elm street, Manchester, has materi-
ally extended his business opera-
tions. Some of his more recent con-
tracts were the building of the roofs
of The Beacon and New Kennard
buildings, Manchester, and also the
Manchester Print Works building,
the New Mt. Washington hotel, the
largest structure for its purpose in
the world ; the F. M. Hodgdon shoe
factory, Derry ; the lumber plants of
J. E. Henry & Sons, Lincoln ; St.
Walter E. Darrah.
Paul's school, Concord, and many
others.
Mr. Darrah is a member of White
Mountain lodge of Odd Fellows, and
of the Society of the Pilgrim Fathers,
Concord, and is a director in the
New England Gas and Oil Company,
Ohio and West Virginia. In 1899
he was a member of the New Hamp-
shire legislature. In 1887 he mar-
ried Miss Sarah A. Dane of Hamp-
ton, and three boys have been born
to them.
One of the oldest business interests
in Manchester is the firm of Palmer
& Garmons, manufacturers of and
1 88
MANCHESTER.
dealers in marble and granite monu-
mental work of every description,
and having offices and yards on Elm,
corner of Granite street. This house
was established in 1842, and growth
and success has been its record to
this day. Though old in years it is
Wilnam G. Gar
decidedly new in its methods and
equipment of plant, and in the exclu-
siveness of its designs for monu-
ments, mausoleums, and sarcophagi.
The founder of the firm was J. S.
Winslow, who was succeeded by the
late Isaac D. Palmer in 18S5. In
1871 William G. Garmon became a
partner of Mr. Palmer, under the
firm title of Palmer & Garmon.
Isaac D. Palmer died in 1898. The
present membership of the firm con-
sists of W. G. Garmon, Clarence D.
Palmer, and A. L,. Garmon, the son
of the senior member. The firm title
remains as of old, except the addition
of an " s " to the name Gannon. All
three members of the firm possess a
thorough practical knowledge of the
business, and the architectural con-
ceptions and drawings that go out
from its yards are original and ex-
clusive.
The firm's business covers the en-
tire country. They built the monu-
ment that stands in Arlington to the
memory of Gen. Richard N. Bachel-
ler, and it is one of the finest works
of its kind in that great city of the
dead. Some of the most costly mau-
soleums in New Hampshire ceme-
teries were erected by the firm and
their work is commended for its uni-
formly general excellence.
Steam, electric, and compressed
air machinery is employed at the
works, and every invention of proven
worth known to the business has
been installed.
William G. Gannon, the senior
member of the firm, is among the
best known citizens of Manches-
ter, and is held in highest esteem
throughout the community. He w 7 as
born in New 7 London in 1838. He
comes of good old Colonial and
Revolutionary stock, his great grand-
father having been a soldier at Bunk-
er Hill. As a boy he lived in Wil-
mot, Gilmanton, and Laconia. He
settled in Manchester in 1857, and
for fourteen years worked as a jour-
neyman for Mr. Palmer, and thus he
has been identified with a single in-
terest for forty-six continuous years.
Mr. Garmon has a state wide ac-
quaintance in Masonic circles and in
Odd Fellowship. He is a past mas-
ter and present treasurer of Lafayette
lodge, F. & A. M., a member of
Trinity commandery and a life mem-
ber of the Grand lodge in New
Hampshire. In Odd Fellowship he
belongs to the lodge and encamp-
MAXCHESTER.
189
ment. He also has membership in
the Good Templars and Patrons of
Husbandry.
Clarence D. Palmer, who perpetu-
ates the name of his father in the
firm, was born in what was then
called New England Village, now
North Grafton, Mass., June 16, 1850.
The family removed to Manchester
in 1S55, when the son was five years
old. He was educated in the public
schools and upon graduating from
the high school entered Dartmouth,
a member of the class of '73, but left
the college in his junior year to learn
the marble trade, under the super-
vision of his father, and he has ever
remained with and as a member of
the firm. He is an Odd Fellow, a
member of the Elks, and of the
Calumet club. In 1873 he married
Miss Clara S. Straw of Manchester.
Their only daughter died in 1898,
the same year in which Mr. Palmer
buried his father.
Clarence D. Palmer.
G. M.- 13
Abraham L, Garmon.
Abraham Lincoln Garmon, the
junior member of the firm, was born
November 1, 1864, the son of Will-
iam G. and Mary (Jarvis) Garmon.
He attended the public schools and
the commercial school of William
Heron, Jr., in Manchester, and then
entered the employ of the firm of
which he is now a member. He is a
member of the common council of
the present city government, serving
on the committee on schools. At
twenty- one he joined the Masonic
order. He is a past master of
Lafayette lodge, a past district
deputy, member of Trinity com-
mandery, and of the Grand Lodge
of New Hampshire and a trustee of
the New Masonic Home.
In 1890' he married Miss Myrtle
Salisbury of Manchester. They have
two girls.
Not the least of the many impor-
tant phases which combine to make a
splendid whole of Manchester's ma-
terial life is the one relating to life
190
MANCHESTER.
and fire insurance. As the chief city
of the state and northern New Eng-
land, it is but natural that the va-
rious insurance companies should se-
lect Manchester as headquarters for
the state, and as a result of this se-
lection the city has come to possess
some of the best men and families in
its midst.
The New York Life Insurance
Company, which, with the New
York Mutual and the Equitable con-
M. Ivan Dow.
stitute the great trio of the life insur-
ance world, maintains a spacious
suite of offices in the Pembroke, and
at the head of its city and state
business is Marlborough Ivan Dow,
whose success in his chosen calling
is forcibly illustrated in the an-
nouncement that he is a member of
his company's club, membership in
which is possible only to those who
have written #200,000 worth of busi-
ness in a single year.
Mr. Dow was born near Wood-
stock, N. B., October 30, 1861. Un-
til his eighteenth year he lived upon
a farm. He then became a student
at the Fredericton, N. B., normal
school, and after graduating there-
from he became a school teacher,
continuing as such for three years.
He relinquished school teaching to
accept a position offered by a Chi-
cago publishing house, as general
agent first for the province of New
Brunswick, then for all the maritime
provinces, and finally for the entire
Dominion of Canada, with headquar-
ters at Toronto, an enlarged field
given him because of his proven fit-
ness and success.
After a residence of three years in
Toronto he accepted, in November,
1892, the position of general agent
for the New York Eife at Manches-
ter, continuing in the position to the
present time. In the ten years he
has seen his company grow from fifth
position in the state, in new business,
until it now occupies the first place
among all life insurance companies
on new paid-for business. It was
within the last insurance year that
he wrote more personal business than
any agent ever wrote for the com-
pany in the state of New Hampshire,
as a result of which he became a
member of the Two Hundred Thou-
sand Dollar club of the New York
Eife Insurance Company.
Mr. Dow loves no place on earth
quite as well as his own charm-
ing home. In this is one of the
finest and best selected private li-
braries in New Hampshire, for he
knows the world's literature, like the
scholar he is. In 1884 he married
Miss Carrie E- Dow, daughter of C. E-
Dow, M. D., of Mapleton, Me. They
have four sons and one daughter.
MANCHESTER.
191
He was the founder of the present
Young Men's Christian Association
of Manchester, and its first president.
He belongs to no fraternal society,
but is a valued member of the First
Congregational church.
In all New Hampshire there is no
single interest that is more thor-
short, a business interest of to-day,
not of yesterday. It not only pub-
lishes a newspaper but forty- one of
them, and not only newspapers but
books of the most elaborate and expen-
sive nature. The circulation of the
corporation's newspapers not only
reaches into every nook and corner of
Business Home of the New Hampshire Publishing Corporation.
oughly representative of the present
day business life than the New
Hampshire Publishing corporation
of Manchester. Nor is there one
that employs to greater extent the
many utilities for the advantageous,
expeditious, and economical transac-
tion of business which the demands
of modern commercial and industrial
life have brought into play. It is, in
New Hampshire, but into hundreds of
communities in other Eastern states.
In their entirety this list of forty-one
newspapers all issued from one cen-
tral office, is one of the largest extant
of that new twentieth century idea
of newspaper combination. The idea
is of positive financial advantage to
the subscriber, advertiser, and pub-
lisher alike. The subscriber gets a
192
MANCHESTER.
larger paper at a minimum subscip-
tion price, and the news of the state
in addition to that of his own local-
ity ; the advertiser gets greater cir-
culation, saves in preparation of cuts
and copy, and the publisher has his
investment in a single plant.
The New Hampshire Publishing
corporation is the creation of George
Franklyn Willey, now just thirty-
three, but really a veteran in the
be said that when once in these paths
he did not impose upon that kindly
fate that led him therein, but used
the agencies of increasing applica-
tion and hard work to win success.
He has that prime requisite of a busi-
ness man of the times, — a sound,
rugged, physical being, and there-
fore a like intellectual being, for the
second is always a reflex of the first.
His habits are those that conserve
General Offce of the New Hampshire Publishing Corporation.
business, for his career as a news-
paper publisher began in his teens,
and what is most singular newspaper
work was not what he had elected as
a life calling, but the medical pro-
fession instead. The first book he
wrote and published, " Willey's Book
of Nuffield," came from the presses a
magnificent volume instead of the
little "Souvenir of Derry," as origi-
nally planned. Fate has led him
into and along paths he did not
divine, but in justice to him it must
health and strength, for he does not
use tobacco in any form, neither does
he drink malt or spirituous liquors.
He has that enthusiasm and buoy-
ancy of spirit that make work a pleas-
ure and not a drudgery.
Mr. Willey is the general manager
and treasurer of the corporation. Of-
fices and entire plant are located in
the same building, thus enabling
business and work to be accomp-
lished to the best possible advantage.
Taken as a whole, it is one of the
MANCHESTER.
i93
best newspaper and publication offices
in New England, except it be in the
larger cities. The general office is
equipped with all those conveniences
and arrangements of modern busi-
ness. In this department are em-
ployed three stenographers, and the
click of the typewriting machine may
be heard from the beginning to the
close of the business day. Mr. Wil-
ley's private office is no less of a
January, " Soltaire " reached, in less
than two months, its fourth edition,
and the trade predicts for it a great
summer sale.
The demand for " Willey's Book
of Nutfield " and of " Willey's Semi-
centennial History of Manchester"
still continues, and new editions of
both books are preparing for pub-
lication early in the spring. The
continued calls for these books from
Private Office of George Franklyn W 1 1 ley.
busy place, for the publication of
forty-one newspapers necessarily en-
tails the closest attention to a world
of details. The publication and plac-
ing upon the market of a book de-
signed for general sale also involves
a prodigious amount of labor. As
the author of " Soltaire : A Romance
of the Willey Slide in the White
Mountains," Mr. Willey is justly
pleased by the reception of this, his
first historical novel, on the part of
the reading public. Published in
public libraries are especially numer-
ous.
The coming season the corporation
will also publish the book to be
called " State Builders," an admir-
ably appropriate title for a record of
those men who have done so much to
bring New Hampshire to its present
high rank among the states of the
Union. It has been prepared with
the greatest care, research, and dis-
cretion by a corps of writers. It can-
not fail to prove a standard work for
194
MANCHESTER.
general reading and reference. The
following persons have been identi-
fied with its preparation : Introduc-
tory, by Charles R. Corning, mayor
of Concord ; history, by A. S. Bach-
ellor, New Hampshire state his-
torian ; agriculture, Nahum J. Batch-
elder, governor of New Hampshire ;
industrial, G. A. Cheney ; education,
J. H. Fassett, A. B., superintendent
of schools, Nashua ; bench and bar,
John C F. Nettleton.
Hosea W. Parker, former member of
congress ; savings banks, James O.
Iyyford, former New Hampshire state
bank examiner and present naval
officer, U.S. custom house, Boston ;
ecclesiastical, Rev. D. C. Babcock,
D. D., West Derry ; medical, Irving
A. Watson, A. M., M. D., secretary
New Hampshire State Board of
Health ; commercial, G. A. Cheney ;
biographical, George H. Moses, edi-
tor Concord Monitor, and other
writers of recognized fitness.
"State Builders" will be pub-
lished about June i of the current
year.
The New Hampshire Publishing
corporation's combined list of news-
papers consist of the following :
Canterbury News, Manchester Ad-
vertiser, Deny Times, Suncook Jour-
nal, Weare Free Press, Pitts field Re-
porter, Gqffstown Chronicle, Alton
Review, Barn stead Witness, Epsom
Standard, Hillsboro E7iterprise, Dccr-
ficld Enterprise, Londonderry News,
Hampstead Courier, Chichester Eagle,
Franccstoivn Age, Hooksett Leader,
Merrimack News, Bedford Journal,
Candia Transcript, Chester Herald,
Dunbarton Record, Dec ring Specta-
tor, Hcnnikcr Gazette, Northwood
Messenger, Raymond Tribune, Au-
burn Advance, Concord Enterprise^
Franklin Advertiser, Bow Messenger,
Webster Landmark, Hopkinton Eagle,
Boscawen Pioneer, Northfield Citizen,
Salisbury Gleaner, New Boston Ar-
gus, Gilmanton Mountaineer, Mil-
ford Examiner, Salon Banner, Ep-
ping Register, Loudon Register.
The advertising manager of the
New Hampshire Publishing corpora-
tion is John C. F. Nettleton, one of
the best known newspaper men in
New Hampshire, and one who is
esteemed and respected not only by
the trade, but the general public.
He was named after John Charles
Fremont, one of the great personali-
ties in American history, and it is by
the Christian name "Charles" that
Mr. Nettleton is, practically, always
called. He was born in Claremont,
January 19, i860, the son of George
and Mary A. (Hague) Nettleton.
His parents came from England in
1857, settling in Claremont immedi-
ately upon their arrival in America.
His father, who was a millwright by
MANCHESTER.
195
trade, quickly became imbued with
the spirit of American institutions,
and identified himself with the affairs
of the times. On the breaking out
of the War of the Rebellion he en-
listed in the Fifth N. H. Regiment,
and rose from the ranks to a second
lieutenancy. He went into the bat-
tle of Fredericksburg in command
of his company, and fell, mortally
wounded, dying on December 23,
1862, ten days after the battle. He
had been commissioned as captain,
but his commission did not reach
him until after his death. Mr. Net-
tleton has no recollection of his
father, and he alone of the entire
family of parents and three children
is living.
Bereft of both father and mother
3'oung Nettleton left school when
but nine years old and went to work
to get the wherewith to clothe and
feed himself. At sixteen he started
in to learn the printer's trade. He
worked in and about Boston on news-
papers, and in book and job offices,
and in time perfected himself in all
branches of the trade. Eventually
settling in Manchester he was adver-
tising manager on The Union for
twelve years, gaining in that time
an extremely extended acquaintance
throughout the state.
In 1883 he married Miss Ada F.
Shippee of Shrewsbury, Vt. They
have five children, four girls and one
boy.
Conspicuous among the younger
business men of Manchester and re-
spected by all for his business integ-
rity and enterprise is Carl W. An-
derson, the active head of one of the
largest jewelry and silverware stores
in the state. The business is prac-
tically the result of his own wise
management, solid judgment, and
activit)'. Nothing about the store is
out of date or antiquated, but it is
emphatically a store of to-day. Its
stock comprises everything that in
any manner pertains to the jewelry
trade. Mr. Anderson's judgment re-
garding diamonds and all precious
stones is regarded as of the best, and
the same is true in the matter of bric-
a-brac, watches, and the like. All
Carl W. Anderson.
in all the store is one of the sights of
commercial Manchester.
While Mr. Anderson was born in
Ouincy, Mass., he has from infancy
been a resident of Manchester. His
birthday was July 29, 1859, and his
parents were Charles J. and Charlotte
C. (Peterson) Anderson. As a boy
he attended the public schools of the
city, graduating in 1878 from the
high school. In the fall of 1878 he
became an apprentice to the jeweler's
trade, under W. H. Elliott, and
served thereat three full years. He
196
MANCHESTER.
then became a clerk and journeyman
with Trefethen & Moore, which firm
he bought out in 188S, forming a
business copartnership with David
Wadsworth, under the firm name of
Carl W. Anderson & Company, and
as such it still continues.
Mr. Anderson is a Mason with
membership in Trinity commandery,
a member of the Red Men, and of
the Derryfield and Calumet clubs.
He married, in 1884, Miss Minnie A.
Wadsworth of Manchester. They
have one son, David Wadsworth.
The increasing wealth of the coun-
try and the development of an artis-
tic taste, now everywhere apparent,
are creating among other things a
continuously expanding field for the
W-li H Sullivan.
fresco painter and art decorator, and
native talent is already excelling in
this field as it is in others. In Will
H. Sullivan Manchester has a repre-
sentative in this department of whom
it can truthfully be said that he ranks
with the best. Fresco painters, like
poets, are born not made, and Mr.
Sullivan has the art instinct born
within him. Were he not a painter
he would be an artist of some kind,
for in that direction is his whole
bent.
Born in Manchester, June 29,
1859, the son of Henry C. and Bet-
sey (Bacheller) Sullivan, he at-
tended the schools of Manchester,
graduating from the high school and
immediately thereafter entered upon
his life-work, and as early as 1889
was in business for himself as a fres-
coer. At one time or another he has
done the greater amount of frescoing
that has been done in Manchester,
and few cities of its size in any part
of the country has so many examples
of art painting and decorating as has
Manchester. He decorated the new
Manchester high school building and
manj' of the fine residences in the
city. He worked on the decorations
of the Rockingham House, Ports-
mouth, and has had commissions in
all parts of New Hampshire, and a
particularly large field has been many
of the largest hotels in the White
Mountain regions. In residences
and bank buildings of Tilton, Lis-
bon, and Lebanon are to be seen
rich examples of his work. He has
filled important contracts in Walt-
ham and the different Newtons in
Massachusetts, and in every instance
added to his reputation by the excel-
lence of his work.
alone as a fresco
Sullivan is known
He is a musician
with a soul full of harmony. He
was a member of the Manchester
Banjo, Mandolin, and Guitar club
that for so many years delighted
But it is not
painter that Mr.
in Manchester.
MANCHESTER.
197
William Heron. Jr.
audiences in New Hampshire and
Massachusetts, and likewise a mem-
ber of the Apollo club, a chorus of
male voices.
In fraternal orders Mr. Sullivan is
a member of the Knights of Pythias,
the Red Men, Workmen, and be-
longs also to the Manchester Insti-
tute of Arts and Sciences. He mar-
ried Miss Hattie A. Davis of Man-
chester. An only daughter born to
them died when two years old.
To continue at the head of an edu-
cational institution, be it public or
private, for twenty-three successive
years is proof in itself of efficiency,
ability, and competency. Such is
the record of William Heron, Jr.,
since 1880 principal of the Bryant &
Stratton Commercial school in Man-
chester. This school is one of the
oldest of its kind in the country,
and many among the now success-
ful merchants and manufacturers of
Manchester and the state are its
graduates. It was established in
1865, and in all these years it has
been a potent factor ill the educa-
tional life di all northern New Eng-
land, for its pupils past and present
have come from far and near. It has
ever kept pace with the progressive
spirit of commercial America, and
198
MANCHESTER.
though old and tried it still keeps
young and new.
Mr. Heron was born in Schenec-
tady, N. Y., and was educated in his
native city and in Troy. His own
training was thorough, comprehen-
sive and well grounded, and he has,
to a remarkable degree, the faculty
to impart knowledge to others which
is so often lacking in teachers. His
school has the endorsement and
moral support of commercial Man-
chester, which has ever been highly
appreciative of its value to the city
and state. Since the founding of the
school some seven thousand names
have been placed on its register as
pupils. It has to-day a comprehen-
sive curriculum embracing every
thing that the commercial life of to-
day requires.
It is entirely, natural for one to
marvel at the business success of
Roger G. Sullivan in a field in
which countless others, starting un-
der more fortuitous circumstances,
have gained only a mediocre success
or failed utterly. The wonder is all
the more when one learns that he
possessed not a practical knowledge
of his business when first he engaged
in it. His success has come to him
from no lucky stroke of fortune nor
by a chance rise in values, but on
the contrary he has attained success
as a cigar manufacturer in markets
of the fiercest competition, and from
a type of patronage that is caprici-
ous, exacting, and inconstant.
Other brands of cigars, legion in
number, have come and gone from
the memory of consumers, but the
' Seven-twenty-Four " flourishes and
wins and pleases with all the vigor
of perennial favoritism. The magic
legend in letters or figures and
stamped upon every cigar are syn-
onomous of highest quality, and that
this quality is never departed from.
It is in the making of this cigar and
its sale that Mr. Sullivan has won
so signal a commercial success, and
that, too, with an article that has
essentially a fixed price. A ten-cent
cigar cannot be placed in cold stor-
age and kept till the market goes up
to twelve cents, as one can do with
many other commodities and thus
bring gains to the owner by fortu-
nate fluctuations of the market. The
element of chance has been wholly
eliminated from Mr. Sullivan's busi-
ness career so far as its speculative
features are concerned. An adher-
ence to a well-defined policy, and
that policy to make a cigar of unde-
viating quality followed by energetic
application to business and causing
it to grow steadily and surely are
the simple explanations of his suc-
cess. Commercial integrity and the
7-20-4 cigar are simply synonomous
terms.
An idea of the magnitude of Mr.
Sullivan's business is gained in the
statements that his weekly pay-roll
is $2,000 a week, or $104,000 a year,
paid to 200 employees. To the na-
tional government he pays annually
$90,000 in import duties and internal
revenue taxes. In his factory on
Central street, west, some one hun-
dred and seventy-five persons are
employed every working day of the
year, and these persons manufacture
every year some seven millions of
cigars, which put into boxes of 100
each would fill 70,000 of them or
140,000 boxes of fifty each. This
great industry that has done and is
doing so much for Manchester, has
come to its present proportions from
MANCHESTER.
199
its start with two workmen in a shop
on Amherst street by a steady, grad-
ual, but never intermittent growth.
Its growth and strength has been
cumulative by the making of a cigar
just as good to-day as yesterday, and
of the highest quality commensurate
with price. Of the great annual out-
put of cigars in Mr. Sullivan's fac-
tory ninety-five per cent, are the
7-20-4 in both the londre and per-
fecto shapes.
Mr. Sullivan was born in Brad-
ford, December 18, 1854, and thus
is yet on the right side of fifty
for another year. His parents were
Michael and Julia Sullivan, and they
removed to Manchester when the son
was six years old, who in his early
teens he became an apprentice to the
carriage painter's trade in Amesbury,
Mass. He worked at this for four
years, when he returned to Manches-
ter. When only nineteen years of
age he entered the business he has
ever since followed. After one year
on Amherst street, he removed to
the store numbered 724 Elm street,
where he remained for nine years.
His business increased to such an
extent that in the eighty's he built
a factory on Central street, west, and
in 1 89 1 doubled its capacity. From
724 he removed his store to 803 Elm
street, remaining there for seventeen
years. Three years ago he bought
the Truesdale building, 823 Elm
street, and this remains his store
and office, both of which are especi-
ally equipped for the business.
For nineteen years Mr. Sullivan
was his own traveling salesman, a
fact for the young men to ponder
upon. The sales of the 7-20-4 ex-
tend over all New England and New
York, which territory is supplied by
the distributing agency of the A. H.
Hillman Company.
Mr. Sullivan is a director in the
Amoskeag National bank, and prior
to his election to this position was
for some twelve years a trustee of the
Amoskeag Savings bank. He is a
director and president of the Man-
chester Coal and Ice Company, a di-
rector in each the Derryfield Sash
Roger G. Sullivan.
and Blind Company, the Manchester
Traction, Eight and Power Company,
the New Hampshire Fire Insurance
Company, and the Union Publish-
ing Company. He belongs to the
Knights of Columbus, the New
Hampshire Catholic club, the Der-
ryfield club, and Amoskeag Veter-
ans, and is a trustee of the public
library.
He married in 1877 Miss Susan C.
Fernald of Manchester. They have
three daughters who are highly es-
2O0
MANCHESTER.
teemed in Manchester's social life.
They are Minna E., Susan A., and
Frances E. The second and third
daughters are graduates of the Con-
vent of the Visitation, Georgetown,
D. C. The family has a beautiful
residence on the corner of Prospect
and Walnut streets.
The first of January in the current
year saw completed and ready for
Clough and John M. Welch, and
"The Beacon" is a credit to their
public spirit and enterprise. Plans
for the building were drawn by Will-
iam M. Butterfield, architect, and
the general contractors were the
Head & Dowst Company of Man-
chester. It is said that the property
as it stands to-day represents an in-
vestment of $300,000.
Ut
ILi
UH
The Beacon.
occupancy one of the largest and
most attractively designed commer-
cial structures yet built in Manches-
ter, and this is saying much, for the
city has long been known in the
world of business for the number and
excellence of its commercial struc-
tures.
The new building, christened " The
Beacon," is located on the west side
of Elm street, and between Merri-
mack and Manchester streets oppo-
site. It is the property of Gilman
The Beacon has a frontage of
about one hundred feet on Elm, and
depth of about the same. It is five
stories high and is built of brick.
The facade is of a light buff brick
with limestone trimmings to harmon-
ize. Unlike many of the new com-
mercial structures of the day, built
without effort to please, architectur-
ally, The Beacon has much to ad-
mire in this respect. The main en-
trance is finished through two stories
terminating in a round arch taste-
MANCHESTER.
20 1
fully carved in conventional designs.
Each story of the building has an
architectural treatment peculiar to
itself, and in the carrying out of this
idea Architect Butterfield has pro-
duced a building that has a de-
cidedly pleasing individuality and
wholly relieved of that severely plain
presentation so common in the busi-
ness building.
As a store and office structure The
Beacon has secured those advantages
which experience and time have
shown are essential in such a struc-
ture. Its construction throughout
comprehends the employment of a
maximum amount of plate glass, and
this means, of course, the securing of
a maximum amount of light. This
is particularly true of the first floor
on which are the stores of the
Charles A. Hoitt Company and
"The Kitchen" of Roscoe K.
Home. At every position the whole
interiors of these stores from front
to depth are seen even from the side-
walk on the opposite side of the
street. The respective entrances of
these stores have sides and fronts of
massive plate glass. The doors open-
ing into the stores are on either side
of each vestibule, and by this ar-
rangement it has been made possible
to have the front of each vestibule of
plate glass, its effectiveness height-
ened by placing it in semi-circular
form. The main vestibule halls
have floors laid in mosaics. The
interior finish throughout is in
brown ash, and hardwood floors are
in all rooms.
In the construction of The Beacon
is typified the resources and extent
of Manchester's commercial and in-
dustrial life. It was designed by a
Manchester architect by order of
Manchester capitalists. Its general
contract was given a Manchester cor-
poration. Its electric lighting equip-
ment, which is in the highest effi-
ciency, was by Arthur L,. Franks &
Company ; its painting and decorat-
ing throughout was by John Bryson ;
its roof was laid by W. K. Darrah ;
its heating by F. D. Leighton, all of
Manchester.
Charles A. Hoitt.
The largest stock of furniture and
of house furnishing goods carried by
any single house north of Boston is
by the Charles A. Hoitt Company,
Beacon building, Manchester. This
individual commercial interest is one
of the most successful enterprises of
any kind to be found in any com-
munity or state for it had its incep-
tion only some fourteen years ago.
It is a splendid illustration of the oft-
times made assertion that it is the
man after all that w r ins commercial
success and not altogether condi-
tions or circumstance. Mr. Hoitt is
202
MANCHESTER.
withal a fine example of the genuine
New Hampshire type of young blood
who instead of seeking his fortune
and success in other states has found
it at home, and his doing so forces
again the claim that New Hampshire
offers to any energetic and ambitious
young man as wide a field for suc-
cess and growth as any state in the
Union.
The store of the Charles A. Hoitt
Company in The Beacon comprises
twenty-eight thousand superficial feet
of space, and yet great as it is there
are no two articles alike in the store.
It is literally and figuratively a great
exhibition hall in which can be seen
everything that enters into the com-
plete furnishing and equipment of a
home, the tiniest article to a magnifi-
cent Wilton carpet. The only ex-
ception to this general statement may
be a steam boiler or furnace. One
can get a plain kitchen table or the
most elaborate affair in solid mahog-
any ; a single plain dish or a set of
the most costly Haviland ; a plain of-
fice clock or the stately affair for the
hall. Great store houses are main-
tained from which to draw merchan-
dise as wanted. The patronage of
the house includes all New Hamp-
shire as men and teams are kept on
the road the year round. On the
first of January of the current year
the business was incorporated with
a captalization of $70,000. Charles
A. Hoitt is president ; Maurice L.
Hoitt, vice-president; and Miss N. D.
Proctor, clerk.
Charles A. Hoitt is a native of
Weare in which town he was born
December 8, 1857. His parents were
Hiram S. and Helen J. Hoitt. The
boyhood life of the son was passed in
East Weare, Riverdale, Goffstown,
and other places near Manchestei
and his native town. He attended
the public schools and worked at
farming until twenty-one, when he
became a clerk in a country store in
New Boston, where he remaiued one
year. He then packed up his be-
longings and went to Manchester,
which has since remained his home,
and the manner in which he has util-
ized his time and abilities is herein
told.
His first work in Manchester was
as a clerk for Kidder & Chandler
in their so-called "Old Family Store."
Then he was a clerk in a meat store
for a while, and thence he became
a salesman for the John B. Varick
Company. He found the work with
this house congenial and to his
liking, and he soon proved himself
a successful salesman. He was sent
out upon the road and was the first
of the house to travel north of Con-
cord. He was with the Varick Com-
pany some eight years, after which
he accepted a position with Higgins
Brothers' Company, furniture dealers,
and in 1888 he bought out this busi-
ness which w T as destined to prove the
nucleus of his present interest and all
it comprehends.
Mr. Hoitt is a Mason, with mem-
bership in the Odd Fellows, Knights
of Pythias, Red Men, Elks, Grange,
and Workmen, and belongs to the
Derryfield and Calumet clubs.
Mr. Hoitt still retains his love for
the farm and keenly delights in all
that pertains to agricultural affairs.
Out near Massabesic is a family es-
tate, and upon this Mr. Hoitt has
his herd of cows, some hundred and
thirty pigs, a lot of poultry and farm
pets.
The family residence is on Han-
MANCHESTER.
203
over street and was built by Mr.
Hoitt at a comparatively recent date.
It is a spacious and attractive home
comprehending in its construction
every modern feature.
Mrs. Hoitt, before her marriage,
was Miss M. Louise Proctor of Man-
chester. They have one son, now ten
years old.
The success attained by many
among the merchants of Manchester
in the past few years is little less
than phenomenal, and it indicates
that her mercantile contingent is not
onfy equal to the opportunities pre-
sented, but the growing commercial
importance of the city as well.
A splendid example of the type of
merchant that is making Manchester
a great trade center, and increasing
her prestige as the commercial me-
tropolis of northern New England is
Roscoe K. Home, proprietor of that
store bearing the distinctive name
"The Kitchen," by which it has
become known throughout central
and southern New Hampshire. Mr.
Home has made his own way from
a humble boyhood life to his present
high place in the mercantile and gen-
eral life of Manchester. His career
teaches the boy of to-day what in-
dustry, determination, and applica-
tion when rightly directed, can ac-
complish.
He was born in West Lebanon,
Maine, December 15, 1859, the son of
James Wesley and Mary Ann (Kim-
ball) Home. The family removed to
Rochester when the son was in his
infancy. While still a mere child
the father died, after which young
Home with his mother went to Al-
ton, where he lived for four years,
at the close of which he returned to
Rochester and there lived until four-
teen. Of a naturally aggressive,
self-reliant nature, he added to
these qualities a disposition to im-
prove every opportunity to learn and
to develop his natural talents, and
thus it was that after two years in
the Manchester schools he entered
upon that life-work he has continued
to this day. He became at first a
clerk in the store of Carl C. Shepard
Roscoe K. Home.
in the Stark building. From this
store he went to Boston to work for
F. O. Dewey & Sons, remaining with
the firm for five years as traveling
salesman. Jones, McDuffie & Strat-
ton were his next employers, and
with them he remained for five years
as traveling salesman. With the
money he had saved as clerk and
salesman, he next returned to Man-
chester and bought of Fred C. Dow
the old store called "The Kitchen."
Prosperity was Mr. Home's from the
start, and in a short time he pur-
chased the next adjoining store of
204
MANCHESTER.
McDonald & Cody and made the
two stores into one. After twelve
years his business had grown to such
proportions as to warrant his taking
a lease of his present great store in
the new Beacon building. His store
occupies two floors upon which is
displayed enormous stocks of house-
hold wares, with kitchen and dining-
room furnishings as his great spec-
ialty. For variety and extent no
other stock can compare with it out-
side of and north of Boston.
Mr. Home belongs to Lafayette
lodge, Mt. Horeb chapter, Adoniram
council, and Trinity commandery,
and to the Derryfield and Calumet
clubs. In 1884 he married Miss
Helen B. Putnam, daughter of the
late City Treasurer Putnam of Man-
chester. They have one daughter,
Bernice W. The family home is a
fine and attractive residence built by
Mr. Home at the corner of Amherst
and Belmont streets.
All New Hampshire, and espec-
ially Manchester, delights in honor-
ing the name of John Stark, the hero
of Bunker Hill and Bennington. The
memory of this one-time resident of
Manchester is kept in perpetual re-
membrance in many and various
ways, but the most popular one of
all is the application of the name
to distinct objects. There are mills
that bear his name. A street, hotel,
park, and no end of societies and
organizations that bear the name of
"Stark." Manchester is also the
home of numerous descendants of
the general and one of these, Mrs.
Roby, a granddaughter, is still living
at the great age of ninety- four. As
a child she saw General Stark many
times and remembers distinctly many
incidents of his later years.
A lineal descendant also is Fred-
erick R. Stark, a great-great-grand-
son, and he has all the pronounced
characteristics of the family. But as
for this matter the stock shows no
signs of deterioration for there has
been no generation yet but what has
upheld the family name most honor-
ably in various walks of life.
The subject of this sketch was born
in Manchester, April 21, 1867, the
son of Frederick G. and Betsey Ann
(Hutchinson) Stark, both of whom are
yet living in their West Manchester
home, the old homestead of William
Stark, son of the general.
The son, Fred R., as he is best
known in Manchester, attended the
schools of the city, graduating from
the high school in 1887. He at once,
upon leaving school, began a busi-
ness career as a clerk in the real
estate and insurance office of A. J.
Lane, where he remained for some
seven years. He next formed a part-
Frederick R. Stark.
MANCHESTER.
205
IIll
IIIPiPE'"
Photo, by A. H. Sanborn.
The Derryfield Club House.
nership in the real estate and insur-
ance business, which continued for
five years, when he withdrew from
the firm to engage in business for
himself. In this he has been excep-
tionally successful. His specialty is
real estate, loans, and insurance, and
his business is one of the largest of
the kind in Manchester. He has a
suite of offices in The Beacon which
are among the largest and finest for
their purpose in the city. His busi-
ness necessitates the employment of
two clerks all of the time and some-
times others are called in to tide
over a busy period, and besides, Mr.
Stark has the faculty of accomplish-
ing work at a rapid rate.
In politics Mr. Stark is a Demo-
crat. He is a member of the Calumet
club and of the local board of trade.
He married in 1893 Miss Cora B.
Simmons of Manchester. They have
two children, a boy and a girl. Gil-
lis Stark, M. D., of Manchester, and
Maurice A. Stark, M. D., of Goffs-
town are his brothers.
Manchester abounds in surprises
to the observant visitor. The wealth
and beauty of her parks system, her
streets and avenues, straight as an
arrow, and that cross each other at
right angles ; her mammoth indus-
trial plants, her newspapers of met-
ropolitan character, and her many
and varied commercial interests are
one and all pleasing surprises and
objects of his intensest interest and
admiration Nor is this all there is
for him to be surprised at and to
admire, for there is her club life as
represented in those two organiza-
tions, the Derryfield and Calumet
clubs. He marvels that a city of
G. M.— 14
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208
MANCHESTER.
sixty thousand people could possibly
maintain two such social clubs, so
strong in numbers and in the social
standing of its members. Their ex-
istence sets forth as no other factor
does the manhood, wealth, and
strength of Manchester, and to-
gether they constitute an index to
the real and growing importance of
the city.
The home of the Derryfield club
occupies one entire lot fronting on
Mechanic street and extending back
to Water street. Its grounds are
spacious and sheltered by elms and
maples of mature growth. Only The
Kennard building separates the club
home from Elm street and the very
centre of business Manchester. It is
a brick building of two stories, and
a central feature of the exterior is a
spacious piazza of decided architec-
tural merit.
All told the house contains twenty
rooms, some of which are of hall-
like dimensions. Entering the
building by the west wing, a recep-
tion hall is gained, and opening off
this to the left is the library, which
extends the entire depth of the wing.
The furniture of this room is up-
holstered in leather, and like all
..other principal rooms in the house,
has a massive open fireplace. To
the right of the reception hall is the
reading room, with its Axminster
carpet in old English red and fur-
nishings to match. A strikingly ef-
fective ornament in this room is the
mounted head of a moose with ant-
lers of unusual size. The big fellow
was shot in Nova Scotia woods by
Druggist F. H. Thurston, a member
of the club. From the reading room
access is had to what is called the
Dutch room, and a veritable study it
is. Its floor is of red brick, and it
has high red brick wainscoting like-
wise. Its ceiling is slightly arched,
and this together with the walls
above the wainscoting has decora-
tions in old Delft colors. The deco-
rations throughout are Dutch land-
scapes, marine views and objects.
Adjoining the Dutch room, but ac-
cessible from other rooms is the din-
ing hall. This is a room of resplend-
ent beauty and great is its artistic
merit. Its frescoes on walls and
ceilings are done in what is called
L' Art de Nouvean (the new art).
There is nothing but refinement in
every touch of the brush and perfect
harmony throughout. The furnish-
ings of the room are in unison with
its decorations and in extreme good
taste.
The wash rooms and lavatories
about the house are finished in
marble and tile and have mosaic
floors.
On the basement floor is a deep
and roomy bowling alley, so con-
structed that its attendant noise is
reduced to a minimum.
On the second floor is a magnifi-
cent billiard hall and bed-rooms.
Each chamber has a bedstead of
heavy solid brass and furnishings in
harmony.
Including both resident and non-
resident members the Derryfield's list
contains the names of nearly three
hundred men. Its membership repre-
sents the solid men of city and state,
those men who are the recognized
leaders in business, industrial, and
professional life. Besides city and
state members there are also those
resident in Boston, New York, Phila-
delphia, and elsewhere.
The officers of the association for
MANCHESTER.
209
W
It* P.P. MI
Photo, by A. H. Sanborn.
The Calumet Club House.
the present club year are as follows :
President, Perry H. Dow ; vice-
president, George D. Towne ; secre-
tary and treasurer, Edward B.
Woodbury ; and the following board
of five directors: Capt. Charles H.
Manning, Fred H. Thurston, Frank
Dowst, George K. Morrill, J. Brodie
Smith.
The annual meeting of the club is
held on the evening of the second
Tuesday in April, and an elaborate
banquet always follows the transac-
tion of the organization's official
business. At the annual banquet
there is, as a rule, specially invited
guests, and a musical programme
of highest merit is arranged for.
Throughout the year there are
numerous banquets for the entire
club membership, for a distinguish-
ing characteristic of the Derryfield
is the resources and high character
of its bountiful tables and inexhaust-
ible larder.
The home of the Calumet club is
on IvOwell street, and the location is
especially desirable because of its
accessibility from so many points in
the city. The club house was built
after plans drawn by Architect Will-
iam M. Butterfield of Manchester.
Its great central exterior feature is
double verandas, which encircle
the house on its east, south, and
west sides, giving to the building
stateliness, repose, and proportion.
The word "Calumet' has for its
especial significance peace, good fel-
lowship, rest and comity, and if ever
a building was encircled with an at-
mosphere of .warmth and good fel-
lowship it is the Calumet club house.
All in all it is, perhaps, the hand-
210 MANCHESTER.
somest building for its purpose in from his earthly career his personal-
New England. In the evening the ity was so strong, virile, and indi-
double tier of verandas are made vidualistic that it still lives and
brilliant by the electric light, and stamps its impress upon the com-
the effect is most pleasing. It is munity in which he had his being,
then, especially, that one notices its New Hampshire journalism has
social atmosphere, and that the for long been a potent factor in the
latch string of the Calumet home is material upbuilding of the state, and
out, and the one great purpose of from first to last it has gained and
the Calumet club is the promotion of retained a position of the first rank
good fellowship and of comity among in the journalism of the entire coun-
the citizens of Manchester. try, and no other single individual
As one gains the main entrance did more to place it there than Colo-
door from across the broad veran- nel Clarke.
da his eye is attracted to the club's He it was who established the
monogram ground in the heavy plate daily Mirror and American, and the
glass panel of the door. It is in the weekly Mii'ror and Farmer, both of
height of good taste, refined and Manchester, and made both phe-
chaste. While waiting for a re- nomenally successful by making
sponse to his ring he perceives that both ideal papers of their class,
the windows of the house are single The Mirror and American he made
lights of plate glass, massive, yet full the evening paper of Manchester and
of cheer and attractions. Gaining the state, and newspaper men
the main entrance and for the first throughout the country regarded it
time feeling the influence of the in- as one of the best of American dailies,
terior it is an immediate confirma- The Mirror and Farmer was so ably
tion of the best impressions he had managed and conducted, and withal,
formed on viewing the exterior, so popular, that it gained a national
The reception room that he enters circulation, while in its own home
only seems to heighten this admira- state it found its way into a greater
tion, for here is extreme good taste, number of homes than has ever any
dignity, and cheer. It is in the other paper of its class. He was not
purest of Colonial treatments, and only a man of striking individuality,
furnishings and appointments blend but likewise a man of great versatil-
and harmonize. Passing to the ity of talent and fertility of resource,
women's parlor he finds here con- He made a success of everything he
tinued that splendid Colonial archi- undertook, for he was intelligent,
tecture and perfect taste in appoint- courageous, and industrious through-
ment. The card room and the bil- out his entire life.
Hard hall are alike spacious and The work laid down by Colonel
models of their kind, and the same Clarke at his death was taken up and
is true of the bowling alley. has been continued by his son, Col.
One of the most honored names in Arthur Eastman Clarke, and in a
the history of New Hampshire jour- manner that has not only retained
nalism is that of the late Col. John intact the integrity and prestige of
B. Clarke, and though he has passed both papers, but each has widened
MANCHESTER.
211
Manager of the Mirror and A merican and the Mirror and Farmer.
its field to an extent that is more
than commensurate to the growth
in population of state and nation.
Personality counts for more than
any other factor in making a paper
of any sort a success. The natural
field in which the senior Colonel
Clarke established his papers was
not a large one, comparatively speak-
ing, yet he secured for both a na-
tional reputation. He acted wisely
in all he did, and that the work he
begun might the better continue
after his death he gave to the son,
Arthur Eastman, a most thorough
practical training in every depart-
ment of the paper, with the result
that when the end came there was
no break nor hesitation in the con-
tinuation of the great business of
this publishing company. But be-
fore proceeding further it should be
said that still another son, William
C, who, at the close of the last year,
ended a service of eight years as
mayor of Manchester, had also be-
come identified with the editorial de-
partment of the papers, and to-day
both sons are carrying on the work
so worthily begun by the father.
Col. Arthur K. Clarke is the gen-
eral manager, and he has come up to
212
MANCHESTER.
this high position by way of the com-
posing room, the job department,
proof room, reporter, telegraph edi-
tor, city editor, state editor, and all.
He is, in short, the well-trained son
of a wise, sensible, and prudent
father. Few newspaper men in New
England has so wide a circle of ac-
quaintance as he. He is president
of the New Hampshire Press asso-
ciation, and a New Hampshire mem-
ber of the executive committee of the
Associated Press, a member of the
Boston Press club, the Manchester
Press club, the Algonquin club, Bos-
ton ; the Coon club, the Derryfield
and Calumet clubs, and a former
president of the first named ; and of
the Amoskeag grange, Patrons of
Husbandry. He is past exalted
ruler of the Manchester lodge of
Elks, an association strong in num-
bers and social influence. He has
served in the Manchester common
council, been a member of the state
legislature, adjutant of the First
regiment, New Hampshire National
Guard, and received his title of
"colonel" by service on the staff of
Governor Tuttle. In the Garfield
administration he was agricultural
statistician of New Hampshire.
He is a member of the executive
committee of the National Editorial
Association, and a director in the
Northern Telegraph Co. He is a
graduate of Phillips Exeter academy
and of Dartmouth college.
He was public printer for New
Hampshire for the four years and a
half ending June, 1901.
From his school days Colonel
Clarke has been an enthusiastic stu-
dent of elocution, and has attained
conspicuous distinction in reading
and reciting, carrying off high
honors at Phillips Exeter academ}-
and at Dartmouth college. He has
gratuitously drilled a number of
pupils of the Manchester public
schools who have won first prizes in
the annual Clarke prize speaking
contests. He gave, for several years,
prizes for excellence in elocution to
the schools in Plooksett, and is often
invited to judge prize speaking
contests at educational institutions.
Ever since he became associated
with the Mirror, he has had charge
of its dramatic and musical depart-
ments. He has written interesting
and valuable interviews with many
distinguished players, which have
been extensively copied by the press
of the country.
Denman Thompson received from
Colonel Clarke's pen the first notice-
ably long, analytical and compli-
mentary criticism of his work that
was ever vouchsafed to this emi-
nent actor ; it was given when Mr.
Thompson was an obscure member
of a variety company. Mr. Clarke
has always been fond of athletic
sports, and has won distinction in
many lines. He organized and was
captain of a picked team of ball play-
ers in Manchester that defeated the
best club in the state for a prize of
$100; is one of the finest skaters,
both roller .and ice, in New Hamp-
shire ; with a shot-gun, rifle, and re-
volver, he is an expert, and holds a
record of thirty-eight clay pigeons
broken out of fort} 7 in the days of
the Manchester Shooting club, a
score that was never equaled by
Manchester marksmen. He held
the billiard championship of Dart-
mouth college, and upon his return
to Manchester in 1875 defeated the
best players in the city, winning
EX-MAYOR WILLIAM C. CLARKE.
One of the Proprietors of the Mirror and American and the Mirror and Farmer.
214
MANCHESTER.
substantial prizes. He is a devotee
of hunting and fishing. He holds
the record for largest brook trout
ever taken in Eake Sunapee, 7^
pounds. Colonel Clarke gave the
fish to President McKinley.
His impressions of foreign travel
have been embodied in a book,
"European Travels."
Colonel Clarke is a member of the
Franklin-street Society (Congrega-
tional) and of the Franklin-street
Young Men's association.
The versatility of the man is fur-
ther illustrated by the fact that the
Mirror and Farmer farm near Man-
chester, and known so favorably in
the agricultural world, is under his
personal supervision. Here experi-
ments in all branches of rural econ-
omy are conducted for the benefit of
the Mirror and Farmer subscribers.
New fruits are tested, the seeds of
new varieties tried, and experiments
with commercial fertilizers carefully
noted. It is, in fact, a personally
conducted experiment station. Colo-
nel Clarke's residence is the Gen.
John Stark homestead in Manches-
ter. He maintains a kennel of fox
hounds, for with all his other call-
ings and hobbies he adds that of fox
hunting, and in this, as in other
things, he excels.
As may be inferred, Colonel Clarke
is a man of the broadest culture.
He has traveled extensively, is cour-
teous and democratic in manner,
and never forgets to be the gentle-
man to all.
In 1893 he married Mrs. Martha
B. Cilley of Cambridge, Mass., and
daughter of the late Rev. Nathaniel
Bouton, D. D., of Concord.
William Cogswell Clarke has been
for the past eight years the recog-
nized leader of the Republican party
of Manchester. In the campaigns of
1894, 1896, 1898, and 1900 he led
the municipal ticket to victory,
thereby securing the unprecedented
honor of four successive elections to
the office of mayor. Mr. Clarke was
born in that city March 17, 1856,
and is the younger son of the late
Col. John B. Clarke and Susan
Greeley Moulton, his father being
the distinguished journalist who was
for thirty-nine years the publisher
and proprietor of the daily Mirror
and American and the weekly Mirror
and Farmer, and whose name was a
household word throughout New
England. The Badger family, con-
nected with the Clarkes and Cogs-
wells, trace their descent from Giles
Badger, who settled at Newburyport,
Mass., in 1643. Gen. Joseph Bad-
ger, who settled at Haverhill, Mass.,
in 1722, was active in the Revolu-
tion, being a member of the Provin-
cial Congress, and of the Massachu-
setts convention which adopted the
Federal Constitution. Hon. William
Badger, born in Gilmanton, in 1779,
was a representative, senator, presi-
dent of the senate, governor in 1834-
'35, and presidential elector in 1824,
1836, and 1844. Hon. Joseph Bad-
ger, Jr., born in Bradford, Mass., in
1746, was for thirty years a distin-
guished military officer, rising from
the rank of captain to that of briga-
dier-general. He served in the war
for American independence, and was
present at the capture of Burgoyne.
The marriage of John B. Clarke and
Susan Greeley Moulton, of Gilman-
ton, a descendant of John Moulton,
who came to Hampton in 1638, more
firmly united these families, adding
the Thurstons, Gilmans, Lampreys,
MANCHESTER.
215
Hon. Henry M. Putney.
Political Editor of the Mirror and A merican and the Mirror and Farmer.
Towles, Beans, Philbricks, and
others ; while Moses Clarke, brother
of John B., by marrying a direct de-
scendant of John Dwight, who came
from England in 1634 and settled in
Dedham, Mass., in 1636, became
connected with a family which fur-
nished a commandant at Fort Dum-
mer during the Indian War, and
whose youngest son, Timothy C.
Dwight, was the first white child
born in Vermont.
William Cogswell Clarke was edu-
cated in the public schools of Man-
chester, at Philips Andover acad-
emy, and at Dartmouth college, from
which he was graduated in 1876.
He then entered the office of the
Mirror a?id America?i and learned
the printer's trade. In 1880 he re-
moved to New York city and spent
a portion of that year in acquiring a
knowledge of the business of news-
paper advertising. Returning to
GOV. NAHUM J. BACHELDER.
Agricultural Editor of the Mirror and Farmer.
MANCHESTER.
217
Manchester, he entered the service
of the daily Mirror and American as
a local reporter, and later was pro-
moted to be city editor, a position
which he held for about eight years,
conducting in the meantime several
special departments for the daily and
weekly editions of that newspaper.
During these years he made the
Horse Department of the Mirror a
special feature, and to his efforts in
this direction is due the high repu-
tation which that paper justly holds
among the horsemen of New Eng-
land. This department he still con-
ducts, as well as that devoted to field
sports, for which he writes under the
nom de plume of "Joe English." '
He was a member of the Manches-
ter school board from 1884 to 1890.
In 1 89 1 he served as a representative
from Ward 2 in the legislature, and
was chairman of the committee on
fisheries and game. In 1894 he was
nominated by the Republicans of
Manchester for the office of mayor,
and was elected by a large majority,
despite the fact that at the two pre-
ceding elections the Democratic can-
didate had been successful. He was
reelected in 1896, again in 1898,
and again in 1900, each time by a
handsome plurality, — eight years, — a
longer service than that of any of his
predecessors. In 1900 Mr. Clarke's
majority and plurality was 2,157,
running ahead of the presidential
ticket 640. The years of his may-
orship were notable for their pub-
lic improvements. Six new school
buildings were erected, including
one for the high school ; a steel
bridge, sixty feet wide and paved
with stone blocks, was built across
the Merrimack river to replace the
wooden structure which was carried
away by the memorable freshet of
1896 ; a modern system of street pav-
ing was inaugurated ; the city hall
building was remodeled and refitted ;
a police patrol system was installed,
and is in successful operation. Dur-
ing Mayor Clarke's first term the
fiftieth anniversary of the incorpora-
tion of the city was fitly commemo-
rated by a celebration which con-
tinued for three days (September 7,
Ex-Mayor Edgar J. Knowlton.
City Editor of the Mirror and A titer lean.
8, and 9, 1896). Mayor Clarke was-
the presiding genius of this celebra-
tion. From the day when the first
plans were roughly sketched down
to the hour of the closing exercises,
his was the brain that conceived, the
mind that directed, the hand that
executed. As chairman of the cele-
bration committee he won golden
opinions from his fellow-citizens for
the rare executive ability which he
displayed. In 1900 the subject of this
sketch was a delegate-at-large to the
218
MANCHESTER.
Edward P. Morrill.
Foreman of the Mirror's Job Printing Department.
Republican National convention at
Philadelphia which nominated Mc-
Kinley and Roosevelt. He was the
first member of the whole New Eng-
land delegation to support President
Roosevelt for the vice-presidency.
Mr. Clarke retains a business con-
nection with the John B. Clarke
Company. He is a member of the
Derryfield and Calumet clubs, the
Manchester Board of Trade, the
Amoskeag grange, the Young Men's
Christian association, and the Passa-
conaway Tribe of Red Men. He is a
member of the Franklin Street Con-
gregational society. For a number of
years he has been a trustee of the
New England Agricultural society,
and vice-president of the New Eng-
land Trotting-horse Breeders' asso-
ciation. He was one of the organiz-
ers of the New Hampshire Trotting-
horse Breeders' association, and its
secretary for three years. He was
for several years clerk of the Man-
chester Driving Park association,
and has represented New Hamp-
shire most creditably on several oc-
casions at the biennial congress of
the National Trotting association.
From his youth up he has displayed
great interest in athletic sports, and
while a collegian took an active
part therein. He was captain of
the Dartmouth college baseball team
in 1876, and at one time held the
MANCHESTER.
219
State Lecturer H. H. Metcalf.
Grange Department Editor of the Mirror and Farmer,
amateur long-distance record of the
state for throwing the baseball — 358
feet 11 inches. In his later years he
has taken a great interest in all field
sports, and has a wide reputation as
an accomplished wing shot. He is
chairman of the. board of directors of
the Manchester Baseball association,
whose representatives won the cham-
pionship of the New England league
in 1902.
Mr. Clarke married, in 1879, Mary
Olivia Tewksbury, daughter of Elliot
Greene and Submit (Scott) Tewks-
bury. They have one son, John B.
Clarke, and one daughter, Mitty
Tewksbury Clarke.
Genial and kindly in manner,
courteous in his treatment of all,
the master of direct and forcible
speech, a ready and graceful writer,
no man was ever more fully equipped
for the larger political honors which
Mr. Clarke's friends predict will be
his. His name has been prominently
mentioned in connection with the
governorship of New Hampshire,
and he is a promising candidate
for congressional honors.
It was the established policy of
Col. John B. Clarke to gather about
him men of proven ability in the
management of his publications, and
he had the happy faculty of retain-
ing these men in his employ. They
became a part as it were of the
HOME OF THE MIRROR AND AMERICAN AND THE MIRROR AND FARMER.
MANCHESTER.
221
Mirror establishment and entered as
zealously into the promotion of its
affairs as though it was their own.
For thirty years Henry M. Putney
has been the political editor of the
Mirror, and his editorials have been
a power in the councils of the party
and a decided factor in each suc-
ceeding campaign. He was ap-
pointed to the office of internal
revenue by President Arthur, which
office he held until removed by Presi-
dent Cleveland ' ' for offensive par-
tisanship." For the last seventeen
years he has been chairman of the
board of railroad commissioners of
New Hampshire. He was appointed
b3' President McKiuley United States
commissioner to the Paris exposition
in 1900. For the last twenty-five
years he has been in the thick of the
political fights in this state.
The agricultural editor of the
Mirror and Farmer is Gov. N. J.
Bachelder, and this position he has
held for a number of }'ears. Gov-
ernor Bachelder has a national repu-
tation, and each year of his service
as lecturer of the National Grange
only tends to make him all the
stronger and more popular with the
farmers of the country. The fact
that he is the agricultural editor of
the Mirror and Farmer shows the
determination of the John B. Clarke
Company to maintain the policy of
its founder to get the best talent
regardless of cost. At present the
Mirror and Farmer appears in a
New Hampshire edition, a Vermont
edition, and a national edition.
The present city editor of the Mir-
ror and American is former Mayor and
former Postmaster Edgar J. Knowl-
ton. His is a strong and popular per-
sonality. An ardent Democrat, he was
G. M.— 15
twice elected mayor of Manchester,
overcoming in each instance a formid-
able Republican majority. He was
born in Sutton in 1856, and in his
boyhood went to Manchester and
learned the printer's trade on the
daily Union. He later became one
of the best reporters in the city, and
eventually was appointed city editor
of that paper. He is a great worker,
faithful to the interests of his paper,
and manliness itself with his fellow-
men. For four years he was post-
master of Manchester.
Henry H. Metcalf, lecturer of the
New Hampshire State Grange, Pa-
trons of Husband^, is the present
editor of the Patrons' department in
the Mirror and Farmer. A full page
of the New Hampshire edition is de-
voted to national, state, and local
Grange news, and the Mirror and
Farmer has done much in building
up and keeping alive the order.
The book and job printing depart-
ments of the John B. Clarke Com-
pany has had for its foreman, for
thirty-one years, Edward P. Morrill,
and it goes without saying that he is
widely known and that he has proved
himself one worthy of the confidence
of all concerned.
Some of the most valued contribu-
tions made to Manchester's citizen-
ship in recent years has come from
Vermont, and these contributions
are increasing with each year. Na-
tives of Vermont who have found
Manchester that wider field of oppor-
tunity they sought, have won suc-
cess in every calling and] industry of
the many represented in the city,
and especially prominent among
these is Willard S. Martin, the gen-
eral agent of the Massachusetts
Mutual Life Insurance Company
222
MANCHESTER.
for New Hampshire and Vermont.
Mr. Martin was born in Plainfield,
near Montpelier, January 28, 1868,
and is, t 
