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Accession No.
THE
GRANITE MONTHLY
A New Hampshire Magazine
DEVOTED TO
History, Biography, Literature
and State Progress
VOLUME XLIV
NEW SERIES, VOLUME VII
CONCORD, N. H.
PUBLISHED BY THE GRANITE MONTHLY COMPANY
1912
N
qn+.z
CONCORD, N. H.
The rumford Press
1912
The Granite Monthly
CONTEXTS JANUARY-DECEMBER, 1912
Old Series, Volume XLIV
New Series, Volume VII
Page
Allenstown, The Old Meeting House, by John Dowst 5
Ames, Rev. Charles Gordon, D.D 119
Autumn Ramble, An, by Francis H. Goodall 343
Baker, Hon. Henry M 65
Beautiful Washington, by Harry V. Lawrence 37
Beautiful Merrimack, The, by Eben Little, Jr 369
Blacksmith in the Pulpit and Parish, by Rev. E. P. Tenney. 299
Brown, Hon. Albert 0 129
Brown, Deacon William G., by J. Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens, M.D 141
Brown, Elisha Rhodes, by John Scales, A.M 257
Change of Pastorates, A, by An Occasional Contributor 291
Ciingregational Church of Pembroke, The, by An Occasional Contributor 123
Constitutional Convention of 1912, The 165
Editor and Publisher's Notes 32, 64, 96, 128 159, 256, 320, 352, 376
Effect of Competition, The, by Cy Warman 223
FitzGerald, Mrs. Susan W., A Granddaughter of New Hampshire, by H. H. Mctealf . 13
Gerrish, Samuel Howard, by John B. Stevens 317
Goodall, Francis Henry, by H. H. Metcalf 323
Handsome Testimonial, A 93
Haverhill in the War of the Revolution, by William F. Whitcher 133
Historic Inns, by Eva F. T. Staniels 17
Hollis, Henry French 1
Hutchins, Hon. Stilson, by Henry H. Metcalf 225
Irish Wit and Humor, by Alary E. Smith 26
Isles of Shoals, The, by Theodora Chase 89
Jones, Hon. Edwin F 161
Kimball, Hon. John 97
Ladd, William, The Apostle of Peace, by Charles E. Beals 273
Leaders of New Hampshire, by H. C. Pearsons 1, 33, 65, 97, 129, 161, 353
Legend of the Profile, The, by Ira W. Thayer 359
Living Church in a Dead Village, A, by H. Addington Bruce 280
Lost River, by Justus Conrad 235
Memories of Ancient and Modern Greece, by F. B. Sanborn of Concord. Mass 241
Missouri and New Hampshire, by F. IV Sanborn 107
Monhegan Island, by Hi len Rolfe Holmes 147
Morey, Col. Israel, by F. P. Wells 53
My Mother, by Rev. E. P. Tenney 217
Notable Occasion, A, Seventy-Fifth Anniversary of the South Congreiiai ional Church,
Concord 39
Notable Pastorate, A, Rev. Edward Etobie, D.D., by An Occasional Contributor. ... 70
Nutrition and Diet, by Evelyn Waite 372
Old Concord and Monadnock, by F. B. Sanborn 337
Outwitting of Caleb Judd, The, by Mary C. Smith 313
Page From a Day's Note Book, A, by Harry B. Metcalf 92
Parker, Hon. Edward E., A Retired Veteran, by H. H. Metcalf 43
iv Contents
Page
Pembroke Soldiers' Monument, by Harry F. Lake 329
"Pool," The, by Ellen McRoberts Mason 213
Progress of Geographical Discovery, The, by Fred Myron Colby 85
Recollections of an Old House, by George Wilson Jennings 251
Sanborn, F. B., by Harold D. Carew ." 151
Settlement of Durham Point, The, by Rev. Everett S. Stackpole, D.D 295
Some New Hampshire Dustons, by Edwin M. Currier 347
Strenuous Vacation Trip, A, by Harry V. Lawrence 47
"Sun, Stand Thou Still," by Fred Myron Colby 311
Sunset, by George P. Leete 92
Swedenborgianism in New Hampshire, by Charles Hardon 285
Trained Nurse, The, by Evelyn Waite 23
Waldron, Maj . Richard 79
Worcester, Hon. Franklin 33
New Hampshire Necrology 30, 62, 94, 126, 157, 224, 255, 288, 319, 349, 375
Abbott, Isaac N 95
Bartlett, Hon. John C 351
Barton, Hubbard A 319
Brooks, Lyman J 63
Brown, Henry C 376
Burleigh, Walter 126
Carroll, Clarence F - 224
Chandler, Prof. Charles H 127
Chase, Benjamin 319
Churchill, Hon. Frank C 349
Clarke, Dr. Julia Cogswell 126
Cochrane, Rev. Warren R., D.D 288
Cofran, John G. W 31
Congdon, Seneca B 351
Curtis, Joseph R 319
Dickinson, Charles H 255
Dow, Lorenzo W 30
Durgin, Woodbury M . '. 375
Durrell, Capt. James M 127
Eastman, Charles F , 350
Fernald, Hon. Benjamin M 30
Fletcher, Eustis J 63
Folsom, Herbert 351
French, Hon. F. Tilton 351
Gilman, Gardiner 375
Goodhue, Dr. David P .' 30
Gordon, George A 224
Grant, Rev. Roland D., D.D 288
Graves, Bela 63
Greene, Dr. Samuel H 62
Hardy, Hon. Silas 94
Harris, William C , 126
Henry, John E '. 158
Hull, William G 94
Huntley, Frank P 350
Hutchins, Hon. Stilson 157
Hyland, Jesse B., M.D 255
Kempton, Dr. Amanda H 94
Leavitt, Mrs. Mary Clement 62
Contents v
New Hampshire Necrology — Continued: Page
Leet, Dr. James A 30
Marsh, Henry A 375
Merrill, Rev. Nat haniel J 319
Mitchell, Hon. William H 157
Morrill, Hon. John B
Parker, Harry S 62
Parsons, Dr. John W L26
Patterson, Dr. Charles F 95
Peaslee, John Bradley, Ph.D 31
Perkins, Rev. Benjamin Franklin 127
Poole, Arthur E. . . ; 126
Pulsifer, Thomas S 30
Rand, Samuel S 31
Read, Edwin F 63
Richards, Mrs. Josephine L 63
Robins, Rev. Joseph E., D.D 350
SafTord, Mary A 319
Shute, George S 127
Stevens, Dr. Francis J 95
Taylor, Hon. Oliver I 31
Wadleigh, Milton B 375
Watson, Mrs. Lima Hibbard 288
Wentworth, Samuel H. . .^ 349
Whipple, Joseph Reed 224
Whitcomb, Arthur H 351
POETRY
After the Storm, by Maude Gordon Roby 6Q
Again We Come, by Henry H. Metcalf 27*
Akin to Both, by Frank Munroe Beverly 336
Alexandria, At, 30 B. C, by Frederick Myron Colby 105
Autumn, by Bela Chapin 295
Aviator, The, by Mary H. Wheeler 11
Awakening, An, by L. Adelaide Sherman 106
Belknap Mountains, by Carrie E. Moore 335
Below Zero, by Laura Garland Carr 52
Benediction, A, by Moses Gage Shirley 341
Birthday Greetings, by Maude Gordon Roby 318
Brave Soldiers of the Sea, by Margaret Quimby 150
Cathedral Pines, The, by Frederick J. Allen 279
Changed Prayer, The, by Amy J. Dolloff 233
Dead Thrush, The, by Rev. Thomas H. Stacy, D.D 72
December, by Bela Chapin 374
Dirge for the Dead, A, by Harold D. Carew 272
Doomed Fly, The, by Georgiana Rogers 240
Dover, Tales of Ancient, by P. L. F 21
Eternity, by Stewart E. Rowe 78
Faith Forever, by Stewart Everett Rowe 29
Fantasy, by Laura Garland Carr 116
Forest, The, by L. J. H. Frost 287
Garrisons of Dover, The, by P. L. F 284
God's Ways are Not as Man's Ways, by L. J. H. Frost 90
Granite Hills, The, by H. B. Merriam 22
vi Contents
Page
Great Unknown, The, by Stewart Everett Rowe 220
Hero, A, by Moses Gage Shirley 277
Hills Around the Farm, The, by Le Roy Smart 309
Homo Inebriatus, by Bela Chapin 122
Idle Hour, An, by Bela Chapin 254
Last Wicket, The, by Maude Gordon Roby 164
Laugh on, Proud World, by George Warren Parker 310
Legend of Old Durham, A, by Theodora Chase 249
Life Story, A, by L. Adelaide Sherman 16
Lines Written to a Baby, by Maude Gordon Roby 155
Little While, A, by Frances M. Pray 220
Matador, The, by Fred Myron Colby 315
May Meadows, by Charles Henry Chesley 146
Mirror, A, by Emma F. Abbott 83-
Mood, The, by Georgiana Rogers 216
Mountain Voice, The, by Ellen M. Mason 29
Mountain With the Cross, The, by Reginald F. Chutter 297
Musician to his Dog, The, by Maude Gordon Roby 91
Mystic Spring, The, by Stewart Everett Rowe 150
New Hampshire, by Fred Myron Colby 4
Night Winds, by L. J. H. Frost 155
Octogenarian Song, by Charles Caverno , 357
"Old Home" Call, The, by Earl Anderson 248
Old Homestead, The, by Hannah B. Merriam '. 125
Old Man of the White Mountains, The, by George G. Williams 88
Only a Lock of Silver Grey, by L. J. H. Frost 342
Pinkhams, The, by P. L. F 298
Piscataqua Pioneers, Anonymous 328
Playhouse Under the Bridge, The, by Mary Currier Rolofson 316
Requiem for a Dog, A, — Don, by Clark B. Cochrane 345
Retrospection, by Frank Monroe Beverly 45
Star of the East, by Maude Gordon Roby 374
Star Dust, by Moses Gage Shirley 371
Tell Me! Oh God! by Stewart Everett Rowe 61
Threnody, by L. J. H. Frost 25
Time's Question, by Frances M. Pray .' 342
To an Old Bible, by Mary Currier Rolofson 117
True, by Stewart Everett Rowe 346
Trust and Aspiration, by Margaret Quimby 221
White Violets, by Hannah B. Merriam 132
Yacht Builders, The, by Hannah B. Merriam 61
HENRY FRENCH HOLLIS
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 1
JANUARY, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 1
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
VII
Henry French Hollis
By H. C. Pearson
A Granite Monthly reader, resi-
dent in another state, in the course
of a recent letter to the editor mani-
fested interest in the series of articles
printed under this title, but inquired
if no young men and no members of
the Democratic party were counted
now among "Leaders of New Hamp-
shire."
Of course the editor made prompt
reply that an unusually large number
of young men are prominent just now
in the political, professional, educa-
tional and industrial life of the state,
and that a full share of them are mem-
bers of the Democratic party. But
in specific reply to the Western query
there is printed herewith a brief
sketch of the already brilliant career
of the youngest man ever named by
the Democratic party of New Hamp-
shire as its candidate for governor
of the state; a man who has not yet
reached his forty-third birthday, but
who has been for a decade a leader
in his profession of the law, not alone
in New Hampshire, but in New Eng-
land as well.
Henry French Hollis was born in
West Concord (Ward Three of the
city of Concord) on August 30, 1869.
On his father's side he is in the sev-
enth generation from John Hollis, a
resident of Weymouth, Mass.; in the
17th century; and on his mother's
side in the tenth generation from Ed-
ward French, who came from England
to America in 1637.
Major Abijah Hollis of the Forty-
fifth and Fifty-sixth Regiments of
Massachusetts Volunteers for the
Civil War, while at home on a furlough
because of wounds received in action,
married at Cambridge, Mass.. Jaly
9, 1864, Harriette VanMater French,
sister of Daniel Chester French, the
eminent sculptor, and daughter of
Hon. Henry Flagg French of Chester,
N. H., later of Concord, Mass., and
Washington, D. C, distinguished
jurist, agriculturalist and public of-
ficial. Their second son and third
child, Henry F. Hollis, was born, as
has been said, at West Concord, of
which village Major Hollis has been
a respected and honored resident since
1865, representing his ward in the
legislature and constitutional conven-
tions.
The boy attended the public schools
of Concord and graduated from the
high school in the class of 1886. At
once after graduation he went to the
far west, and during the rest of the
year 1886 and in 1887 he was employed
by the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy
Railroad in civil engineering work
between Denver and San Francisco.
Returning east, he finished his prepar-
atory school work at Concord, Mass.,
2 The Granite Monthly
and in September, 1888, entered Har- The firm of Remick & Hollis occu-
vard College. pies as an office building the former
At Cambridge he showed the intel- residence of the late John A White
lectual force and brilliance which have at State and Capitol streets in Con-
since marked his career, and gradu- cord, a part of the famous civic center
ated in June, 1892, with the rare dis- of the capital, and known to New
tinction of magna cum laude rank, Hampshire people as the temporary
receiving also the honor of an election home of the Governor and other state
to the Phi Beta Kappa society, the officials during the reconstruction of
national scholarship fraternity, whose the state house in 1909 and 1910.
emblem is the golden key that unlocks Mr. Hollis's success as a lawyer has
the stores of knowledge and the gates not been in the least surprising, for
of success. it was predicted by eminent practi-
Mr. Hollis's rank was the more re- tioners who knew him as a boy and
markable in that, while pursuing the watched his first appearances in the
prescribed courses which secured for courts. In a way it is inherited, for
him the degree of Bachelor of Arts, he his father studied law and was admit-
also attended lectures and passed ex- ted to the Massachusetts bar, giving
animations in nearly two years' work up that career for the service of his
in the Harvard Law School. At the country; the legal standing of his
same time he took a lively interest grandfather, Judge French, has been
and active part in the social and ath- mentioned; and one maternal great-
letic sides of college life, being a mem- grandfather was Chief Justice AVil-
ber of the university glee club and liam M. Richardson of the supreme
track athletic team, and playing on court of New Hampshire while the
his class baseball nine. other was Attorney-General Daniel
So far had he progressed with his French, also of New Hampshire. The
legal studies at Cambridge that he fact that his younger brother, Allen
needed only a few months in the law Hollis, Esq., is also a successful and
offices of the late Hon. William L. prominent lawyer adds to the proof
Foster and the late Hon. Harry G. of this influence of heredity.
Sargent to complete his preparation As a lawyer Mr. Hollis is distin-
for the New Hampshire bar, to which guished by the soundness of his train-
he was admitted in March, 1893, and ing; the exactness of his knowledge;
of which he has since been a member, and the fertility of his resource. To
with offices in Concord. thorough preparation of his cases he
From 1893 to 1899 Mr. Hollis was adds the powers of the eloquent advo-
associated in partnership with the cate and the keen cross-examiner,
late Mayor Sargent and with Edward with the result that he is considered
C. Niles, Esq., now chairman of the the leading jury lawyer among the
state public service commission. For younger men of the New Hampshire
a further period of six years, or until bar.
1905, he was the partner of Attorney- Some of his successes, in the line
General Edwin G. Eastman, the firm especially of heavy verdicts secured
maintaining offices in Exeter and Con- against great corporations, have been
cord. Then, for a few years, he prac- almost startling, notably the verdict
ticed alone until, in 1910, one of the for $24,416.66 in Piper v. Boston &
strongest and most successful law Maine Railroad, the largest verdict
firms in the state was formed by Mr. ever awarded in New Hampshire in
Hollis, Hon. James W. Remick, for- a personal injury case, and secured by
mer justice of the supreme court of the Mr. Hollis, without assistance, at the
state, Alexander Murchie, Esq., city hands of a Merrimack County jury,
solicitor of Concord, Robert Jackson, Mr. Hollis took a leading part in
Esq., and Robert C. Murchie, Esq. the litigation concerning the John H.
Henry French Hollis
Pearson estate of Concord, the Hiram
Barker estate of Farmington, and the
Percy Summer Club cases, in which
he represented the State of New
Hampshire as special counsel for
many years. At one time he was
special counsel for the State, for Mer-
rimack County and for the City of
Concord on different matters, when all
three were of a complexion politically
opposed to him. His services, more-
over, have been equally valued in the
less public fields of advice, consul-
' tation and office practice.
From boyhood Mr. Hollis has been
interested in politics, meaning by that
term the consideration and solution
of the problems of the day as applied
to city, state and national affairs.
Always a sincere and outspoken be-
liever in the principles of the Demo-
cratic party, he has voted with it and
worked for it from the time of his
majority. It was natural that he
soon should be numbered among its
leaders and it was characteristic of
his temperament that he did not wait
to pass through the apprenticeship
which New Hampshire politics used to
demand of all young men before allow-
ing them to advance from the ranks.
His first political candidacy was for
Congress in the Second New Hamp-
shire District in 1900, when he had
but just passed his thirtieth year;
and this he followed in 1902 by becom-
ing the candidate of his party for gov-
ernor of the state, making a second
run for this same office in 1904.
Those were the days when the Repub-
lican party in New Hampshire was
at its apex of united strength and ef-
ficient organization and Mr. Hollis
knew when he entered the fight that
he was contending against great odds.
But he had the satisfaction in 1902 of
cutting in two the Republican plu-
rality of 1900; and in 1904 of increas-
ing his own vote over that of two
year before.
He has worked as hard for the suc-
cess of other candidates on the same
platform as for his own, and much
credit for the present condition of
his party in this state is due to his
active service on the Democratic
state committee as a member, as chair-
man and as chairman of the executive
committee. He is known, too, in
Democratic circles of the nation, hav-
ing been member of the Democratic
congressional committee from New
Hampshire; vice-president of the Anti-
Imperialist League; and a close friend
and confidant of several national
leaders of the party.
He always has been an intelligent
friend of the cause of labor and a wil-
ling worker in its interests. Several
of New Hampshire's advanced laws
on this subject, notably the present
effective child-labor law and the 58
hour work week for women and chil-
dren, are the result of his initiative.
As a political leader and speaker Mr.
Hollis is distinguished by his direct
appeal to the people. A student of
public problems and affairs he long
ago formulated and gave to the public
as his personal platform new ideas in
government which since have been
adopted by the majority, not only of
his own party but of his opponents
as well. He is in much demand
throughout New England as a stump
speaker because of his knowledge, his
eloquence, and his ability, on occasion,
to pour oratorical hot shot into the
camp of the other party.
Recently, Mr. Hollis has announced
that he will be a candidate for election
by the legislature of 1913 as United
States Senator from New Hampshire
in succession to Henry E. Burnham of
Manchester; and to an unbiased ob-
server, on the other side of the politi-
cal fence, it would appear that the
Democratic party in New Hampshire
could choose from among its number
no man more deserving of the honor
of the nomination, both by reason of
his ability, training and reputation,
and his political record and services.
At home, in Concord, Mr. Hollis
is popular as a leader in social life and
highly esteemed as a public-spirited
citizen. He is a trustee of the New
Hampshire Savings Bank, one of the
4 The Granite Monthly
oldest and strongest financial pillars Mr. Hollis married, at Norwood,
of the state; has been a member of Mass., June 14, 1893, Grace Bruerton
the board of education; and is a lead- Fisher, a graduate of the Bridgewater,
ing layman of the Unitarian church. Mass., Normal School, and they have
One of the secrets of his success on two children, Henry French Hollis,
all lines has been his insistence upon Jr., who is fitting for Harvard at
keeping himself physically "fit" by Phillips Exeter Academy; and Anne
refusing to give up athletic sports Richardson Hollis, a pupil at St.
and the out-of-door life. In the years Mary's school for girls, Concord. Mr.
when the Wonolancet Club of Con- and Mrs. Hollis have a striking and
cord had the best amateur baseball happy similarity of tastes and Mrs.
team in the state he was its captain. Hollis is active in club, church, social
He has been president of the Beaver and out-door life. She is an officer
Meadow golf club at Concord and and active worker of the Concord
ranks among the dozen best men over Equal Suffrage association which just
the links in the state. In winter now is making a vigorous campaign
snowshoeing is a favorite sport. Be- for the adoption of a suffrage amend-
sides various New Hampshire soci- ment by the coming constitutional
eties and clubs he is a member of the convention, and is also the secretary
University club of Boston and the of the New Hampshire Woman Suf-
Vesper Country Club of Lowell, Mass. frage Association.
NEW HAMPSHIRE
By Fred Myron Colby
The hills of New Hampshire, how grandly they rise,
Contrasting their green with the blue of the skies!
Their glory arises in prospects that please;
New Hampshire, New Hampshire, I love thee for these.
The lakes of New Hampshire, what sylvan scenes lie
Around these bright waters so fair to the eye!
No lakes more enchanting beyond the broad seas;
New Hampshire, New Hampshire, I love thee for these.
The streams of New Hampshire, that flow to the sea,
Each lined with proud cities, emporiums to be;
The dash of their waters brings fortune and ease;
New Hampshire, New Hampshire, I love thee for these.
The vales of New Hampshire, like visions they cheer,
They shame the Elysiums described by the seer;
Fair Edens of beauty, tempting sun and the breeze,
New Hampshire, New Hampshire, I love thee for these.
The men of New Hampshire, how sturdy and strong;
Their deeds are emblazoned in story and song;
They're heroes and patriots, nay, kings if you please;
New Hampshire, New Hampshire, I love thee for these.
THE OLD ALLENSTOWN MEETING HOUSE
By John Dowst
[Read before Buntin Chapter, D. A. R., Suncook, N. H., Nov. 30, 1910.]
Allenstown, unlike many other
towns, has no published history, and,
unfortunately, lost by fire the earliest
records of the town up to the year
1843. The necessary materials, there-
fore, for a town history must be
gleaned and gathered from other
sources than the records, and the
supply is very limited, indeed.
After twenty-five years of effort,
much relating to its early days has
been found, some of it worth printing
and some not, and it is necessarily
fragmentary and disconnected.
I have a list of Revolutionary
soldiers numbering nineteen, many of
the war of 1812, quite a fair list of
town officers, the old Selectmen's
account book from 1806 forward and
the old inventory book from 1817 to
1841. Old newspaper files yielded
many valuable items, especially in
the line of marriages and deaths, and
some advertising gave pointers in
regard to local affairs. With time at
my command, I could make quite a
volume, but it is more particularly
of the old church organization and
meeting house that I propose to
speak tonight.
It was thought until recently that
the religious history of Allenstown
was wrapped in the deepest obscurity,
but such proves not to have been the
case, although much has evidently
been lost. Unlike many of the older
towns of the State, and perhaps, some
no older than our own, it never had
a church of the Congregational order
with a minister supported by taxation
and a long disagreement over the
location of the church edifice, as was
frequently the case. Perhaps the
principal reason for this was the few-
ness of the inhabitants and their
location, then, as now, like a fringe
around . the borders of the town,
instead of clustering around a central
village. We find that some of those
in the eastern part of the town went
to Epsom and Deer field to attend
services; those in the western part
to the church on Pembroke street,
and probably the Halls and others in
the South parish to Candia.
The earliest preaching in town, of
which we find any mention, was by
traveling or evangelistic parsons, and
the meetings were evidently held in
private houses in cold weather, and in
barns in the summer, for in those
days they had no school houses, but
hired a room in a private house in
which to conduct the school.
The first religous services of which
we have found any record were held at
the house of Ede Hall Burgin in April,
1791, by Elder Elias Smith, then on
his way from Haverhill to Newmarket,
N. H. He arrived at the Burgin's
Saturday night, a stranger, and during
the evening they learned that he was
a preacher, and Sunday morning they
sent notice throughout the surround-
ing country and so gathered the
people in to hear him.
This Elias Smith, then a young
man just beginning his ministry,
visited Allenstown and preached at
intervals until 1840, and, perhaps,
later. He, with Elder Abner Jones
and one other, founded the New
England section of the Christian
Church. A few years later we find
other ministers coming to the town
and preaching in various homes and
finally in the school houses, and the
present venerable meeting house now
nearing its century mark.
Elder Randall, founder of the Free
Will Baptist denomination, preached
at Samuel Kenison's July 8th, 1802,
and Elder Mark Fernald was a fre-
quent visitor here during his long
ministry, beginning in 1808 and end-
ing in 1852. Two or three settled
6 The Granite Monthly
pastors evidently served the church at are not carried forward into the more
various periods, but we have a record recent work, and they are names that
or mention of but two, and two others we can account for, and also for the
are named by tradition only. Many further fact that the church was
itinerants are known to have been here strong and large enough in 1815, three
— Elders Swett, Harriman, Blodgett, years before the second book com-
Churchill, Sleeper, Blaisdell, Peavey, mences, to undertake the erection of
Winkley, Meader, McCutcheon, Dick- a church edifice. Unless there was a
son, John Harriman Clark and others division of the church, splitting it into
that we will not take time to enumer- two factions, we cannot understand
ate. Throughout its history, embrac- the two records. Whether such was
ing a period of fifty-five years, the the case or not, we believe that the
church was served principally by such church was the result of the preaching-
ministers and most of the prominent of Elders Abner Jones and Elias
men in the denomination were heard Smith, who established churches of
in this pulpit. the Christian denomination through-
Some years ago I learned that the out New England, and what is more
records of the Christian Church of reasonable to suppose than that such
Allenstown were in the possession of a church was gathered by them here
the family of the late John Clark of when the town was not supplied with
Pittsfield, and I procured them and means for regular worship,
.found that a church was organized A creed, or statement of belief, 'was
here July 10, 1807, which would make adopted, and, on September 26,
it one of the earliest in the history of 1818, Elder Abner Jones was called
the denomination, for Elder Abner to "take the fatherly care and over-
Jones did not commence to preach sight of us so far as to occasionally
until 1801, in Lyndon, Vt. These assist us in Laboring with us and
records give the details of the organ- Administering the ordinances to us
ization and rolls, with additions for as much as his other avocations will
some years, articles of faith or belief, admit." He was evidently in no
and seem to have been well kept by hurry to accept, for the records of
Hall Burgin, Clerk, the last entry January 15, 1821, almost two and
being July 3, 1828. This was one-half years later, read, "By order
regarded as a treasure and a most of Elder Abner Jones I hereby record
valuable contribution to the history that he accepts of and agrees to com-
of our old town; but what was more ply with the above desire. Hall
surprising than all was the finding, a Burgin, Clerk." Many of these old
year or more ago, of another record, time ministers were pastors of more
rather more complete than the first, than one church, and one writes that
yet not altogether the same. This he was pastor of three churches, one
record was found in the possession of of which he had not visited for thir-
the late Andrew J. Cate, but it now teen months.
appears, by the statement of Miss The list of members in the second
Mary F. Kenison, that it was for book is largely, especially in the
long years in the keeping of her earlier years, a repetition of that in
family, and only temporarily in his the first, but the following names
hands. It commences September do not appear in the second: Jacob
26, 1818, was kept by Hall Burgin, Edes, who lived near the present
Clerk, and covers ten years of the Allenstown R. R. Station, James
last part of the other book. I should Clark, Frederick McCutcheon of Pem-
judge that the second book was a broke, Jonathan Martin of Candia,
reproduction of the first were it not Benjamin, David and Moses Robin-
for the fact that quite a number of son of Epsom, John Connor and
names appear in the older book that Nehemiah Cofran of Pembroke,
The Old Allenstown Meeting House
Josiah and Bathsheba Allen of Epsom,
Lois Evans, widow of Capt. George
Evans, who afterward became a
Universalis!, and Deborah Edes.
Then for a few years the two lists are
practically duplicates, and, after 1827,
many new names appear in the second
book. Time will not permit me to
give the complete roll, but it contains
the names of most of the older fam-
ilies of Allenstown and some from
other towns. The families repre-
sented were, the Dickeys, Tripps,
Bickfords, Worths, Davises and Rob-
insons of Epsom; the McCutcheons,
that Mr. Clark, an unordained
preacher, took the supervision. This
could hardly have been correct for
Robert Allen preached here as late
as 1825 or 1830, and Mr. Henry
Dowst, born in 1820, remembered
that he lived with Joseph Brown on
the present Fred Page farm and
preached, as well as worked on the
farm.
Hall Burgin was for many years
Clerk; William Clark and Samuel
Kenison, Jr. also rilled that office,
and J. G. Martin was the last to hold
the position.
Old Allenstown Meeting House — Exterior View
Connors and Cofrans of Pembroke;
Jonathan Martin of Candia and the
Philbrick, Burgin, Johnson, Clark,
Perkins, Rowell, Cate, Nelson, Keni-
son, Dowst, Bachelder, Marden,
Haynes, Brown, Hayes, Evans and
other families from Allestown. Al-
most every family in the Eastern
and Southern part of the town was
represented.
Elder Abner Jones was undoubt-
edly the first pastor, although John
Harriman Clark once wrote that the
church was organized by his grand-
father, Ichabod Clark; that Rev.
Robert Allen was the first pastor, and
The deacons, or a portion of them,
at least, were, J. G. Martin, Charles
Rowell and E. T. Philbrick.
As to pastors, it is not at all prob-
able that Elder Jones, the first pastor
ever lived here, but came occasion-
ally; but Elder Robert Allen lived
here for a time, and Elder Taft was
a resident, but probably for a short
time, as his name does not appear on
the tax lists. On April 5, 1844,
Frederick Cogswell writes, "Myself
and wife have preached here about
three years. I once had faith in the
'43 doctrine but became convinced
and readily confessed my error."
8 ■ The Granite Monthly
Tradition has it that the wife was period which is still remembered by
much the better preacher of the two, our older inhabitants,
but, in any event Allenstown was one The church organization seems to
of the earliest to call a woman to have been kept up, and, on August
occupy the pulpit. J. G. Martin 1, 1859, Edwin T. Philbrick, a son
was chosen to fill the vacancy as of Simeon Philbrick, and grandson
pastor, but was probably not ordained, of Jonathan, and himself a member
There is reason to believe that this of this church, was ordained to the
was quite an important church in Christian ministry in the old meeting
the Strafford Conference to which it house, by Elders Swett, Holmes,
belonged, and we find that frequent Bartlett and Dickson. He preached
Conferences were held here. Elder here two or three years and then
Mark Fernald mentions one, August gave up the church and founded
21, 1822, another May 27, 1828, and another in New Rye, where he and
on June 18, 1842 he preached an hour most of his parishioners lived, instead
and fifty minutes. The hospitality of in Allenstown.
at the old Judge Burgin mansion was Here practically ends the history
probably noted, as it was frequently of the Christian Church in Allenstown,
mentioned by these old ministers. after an existence of something like
The church seems to have been 55 years, covering the most prosper-
prosperous and united as far as the ous period in the life of the old town
records show, until the second Advent and embracing in its membership
or Millerite movement in 1843, when representatives of about all of its
there was apparently a division and leading families.
some withdrawals, and perhaps, not After that time services were held
a little controversy among the mem- occasionally until 1862, when Rev.
bers, for we read that a committee W. M. Ayres, then a student in the
was appointed, April 10, 1843, to Methodist Institute at Concord, came
"demand the church book" and here and preached a year or more very
Deacon Charles Rowell and Samuel successfully, but I do not know that
Kenison, Jr. composed that com- a church was ever organized, but
mittee. It seems that the Advent remember one baptismal service at
belief was that all were doomed to Bear brook, in front of the old meeting
destruction throughout the whole house, during his pastorate,
world who honestly united with a Elder Joseph Harvey of Pittsfield,
church for their good and edification, during the years of his long and busy
They taught that all who did not life, frequently preached here, espe-
have their names erased or blotted daily one Sunday in August, and Brice
from the church records were at S. Evans of Boston, one who never
Christ's coming to be destroyed. forgot his native town when he could
This doctrine evidently made some be of .service to her, brought many
impression in the Allenstown church, famous ministers to assist him in the
and Jonathan Philbrick, Albon Per- "August meetings," which to the
kins, John Clark, Polly Perkins, last years of his life were never
Sally Clark, Mary Clark, Robert omitted, but were favored to the last
Evans, Moses Martin and Hannah with an ever increasing interest and
Martin had their names erased, but attendance.
not so effectually but what they are So much for the church organiza-
legible today. Sally Clark in 1853, tion and our respected ancestors who
not long before her death, wrote a composed it. We now turn to the
long and able article, which is pre- old "meeting house" itself, which
served, giving her reasons for with- Buntin Chapter has so generously
drawing, and it throws much light and patriotically taken upon itself
on that famous Advent or Millerite to repair and restore to its former
The Old Allenstown Meeting House
estate, as it stood when occupied by
our parents and grandparents, and
also by the earlier citizens of the
town for their annual elections and
other purposes, as an educational
convention was once held here, a
singing school and various political
meetings preceding elections. This
house is probably the first public
building erected in town, although
it is somewhat uncertain from any
records that I have found. Perhaps,
there was a school house in District
No. 1 (the Evans District), as in 1811,
the town paid for glass, etc. for
moved in 1813, and in 1814 money
was paid to Samuel Gleason and
others for work on "the town house,
the old one" in fitting it up. This
was, perhaps, never used, or, at the
most, but once or twice before we
find indications of a new one. It is
current tradition, and probably cor-
rect, that the Christian Church or
Society, heretofore described, com-
menced this edifice and was not able
to complete it as the cost would have
been too heavy for them. Probably
the church never numbered more
than thirty families, most of whom
Old Allenstown Meeting House — Interior View
repairs, and there was a tax assessed
in 1818 for a new school house in that
district and also in the same year in
District No. 3 (Buck St.) There
was apparently no school house
erected in the South Parish, (District
No. 2), until later, for in 1822 the
town paid Charles Rowell rent for a
room in which to keep school.
The first mention of anything in
the line of a town house is in 1813
when they paid John Porter three
dollars for rum, "hauling the meeting
or town house," and Hall Burgin for
cider for the same purpose. It seems
that Judge Burgin gave a building
for a town house, which had to be
were in moderate circumstances and
a building like this would mean more
to each than they would feel able to
pay. Therefore, the town assumed
the burden and, as a partial offset,
sold the pews. In the researches
that I have made the first mention
is jn 1815, when the town paid Samuel
Kenison for making clapboards and
shingles, which were then made alto-
gether by hand, and not by sawmills.
There appears to have been nothing
paid for lumber, of any account, and
the timber was quite likely hewed in
the forest, and it was so plenty and
cheap in those days that it was quite
likely free for such a purpose, and,
10 The Granite Monthly
perhaps, the sawing was given by Joseph Wallace and Ichabod Clark.
Judge Burgin who was the richest This does not account for all of them,
and most prominent man in the con- but it is related that Esquire Burgin
regation and owned a sawmill near took several, to help out, and Joseph
by. We find that James, Samuel Wallace, Ichabod Clark and Henry
and Nathaniel Kenison, Alexander Dowst evidently took two or more
Salter, Ichabod Clark, Jacob Edes, each. The notes were almost all for
Andrew 0. Evans, Joseph C. Wallace twenty dollars and that was probably
and Jonathan Brown all did work the fixed price and there are some
upon it, and Jonathan Philbrick and odd figures that indicate that they
John Johnson put in the underpinning, paid something extra for their choice,
for which they received forty dollars. Most of these pews can be located
It is said that the men were at work today, and several of them are yet
on the building at the time of the in the hands of descendants of the
great gale in September, 1815, but original owners. Later many of
it is not recorded whether any one them changed hands, and it is an
was injured or any damage done or interesting fact that at the rededica-
not. tion of the house, August 23, 1909,
Probably the arrangement of pews, it is extremely doubtful if the descend-
pulpit, and free benches was just as ants of but four of the original pur-
you see them today, except that the chasers were represented in the large
pulpit entrance has been changed congregation. Those were Jonathan
recently for election purposes; but Philbrick, A. O. Evans, Israel Marden
it can be easily restored to its original and Henry Dowst, and but three or
form. There was also a desk, with four of the children of that pioneer
a seat inside, just in front of the pul- band are living today. Considering
pit, which was formerly used by the the location of the building, so far
election officers on town meeting away from any dwelling, in the midst
days, by the church for communion of a pine forest through which a fire
services, and some say that the would sweep like a whirlwind if it
deacons formerly sat there, but of once started, it is remarkable that it has
that we have no satisfactory evidence, stood so many years. It has seen
By vote of the town, passed March the wonderful changes of almost a
12, 1815, Robert Buntin, Ichabod century — travel on horseback re-'
Clark and Simon Bachelder were placed by the stage coach, which
appointed a committee for the pur- probably commenced to run through
pose of selling the pews in the meeting the town soon after the building was
house and giving deeds to purchasers, erected, then later, the light and com-
and in October, 1816, we find them fortable carriages of the present day,
performing the duties of their trust. and last of all the automobile, break-
These deeds were for no part of the jng the solitude for but an instant in
land on which the building stood, [ts rapid flight. The old church yet
but were for "meeting privileges" stands, a lonely sentinel by the wav-
only. There seems to be no complete gide The foimders have all passed
record of the purchasers but we find Qn and mogt or ftU of their children.
in the town books the following list of The h ^ foregts haye fallen
persons giving notes for the same, no more; the hospitable
which would not include cash pur- a"" . " T . ' , u
chasers, if any. The names are as mansion of Judge Burgin has been
follows: Jonathan Philbrick, A. 0. consumed, and the family scattered,
Evans, Hanover Dickey, Israel Mar- but the dusty road and Bear brook
den, Samuel Wells, Joseph Brown, remain alone unchanged.
Jeremiah Fiske, Henry Dowst, John Buntin Chapter D. A. R. is to be
Johnson, Esquire Burgin, John Davis, congratulated on securing this monu-
The Old Allenstown Meeting House 11
ment of a fast disappearing type as house of our forefathers and a building
a home, and praised for the interest that was once the house of worship
that has prompted it to secure it and and the voting place of several revo-
take steps to preserve it as a modest lutionary soldiers whose memories
specimen of the church and town you seek to perpetuate.
THE AVIATOR
By Mary H. Wheeler
It's up, up, up o'er the tree-tops tall,
And the crowds that are upward staring,
AVhile the trees and the crowds and the hills grow small
To the voyagers over them faring.
While the shadows lie on the green earth's side,
To mount where the light is clearest,
On the waves of the upper air to ride
To the white cloud hanging nearest.
To fly with the wind and to drop and to rise,
And to feel one's own heart beating
With the joy of the lark when he seeks the skies
To carol his morning greeting!
To dare the track that no eye can trace,
Preceding or pursuing.
Where time is naught and the awe of space
Is lost in its swift subduing.
Oh, ye of a race earth bound no more,
Leave your creeping and your prating;
Away with the lark, with the eagle soar
To the boundless freedom waiting!
Go look from above on the earth's expanse,
Through the clearer air of the azure;
Take the town and the mountain range at a glance,
And dust with infinity measure!
Oh, joy for the race, growing wise apace,
Through this last impulsion given,
For with ether shod, on the heights of God,
Men may travel the cloud-ways of heaven.
Mrs. Susan W. FitzGerald
A GRANDDAUGHTER OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
Susan AY. (Mrs. Richard Y.) FitzGerald
By H. H. Metcalf
For some weeks prior to the recent in order to render a woman's election
municipal election in Boston, involv- more difficult, if not impossible,
ing the choice of two members of the Mrs. FitzGerald was well known
school board, among other officials, to the public, indeed, before she en-
the attention of the people, not only gaged in this vigorous and somewhat
in that city but throughout New Eng- spectacular canvass, in which she
land and even beyond its borders, addressed scores of outdoor and indoor
was commanded by the vigorous meetings, exhibiting zeal, earnestness,
canvass made by a woman, Mrs. purpose and determination in a meas-
Susan W. FitzGerald, for one of these ure seldom witnessed, and that in
positions — a canvass which- resulted the face of almost insuperable dim-
in her securing a very substantial culties, since she had participated,
vote, notwithstanding the opposition actively and conspicuously in the
of the party machines and powerful woman suffrage demonstration
non-partisan organizations, though throughout the state, preceding the
not sufficient to insure her the victory November election, and made her-
which the best friends of the public self known as a leading champion of
schools in and out of the city earnestly the equal suffrage cause. Yet corn-
hoped she might win, not only because paratively few people in the Granite
they believed her to be peculiarly State, who have noted and admired
well equipped for the office but because her efforts, in each of these directions,
they believed that woman should are aware of the fact that she comes
everywhere have a part in the manage- of distinguished New Hampshire stock
ment and direction of school affairs, and knows and loves the State as
It may be remarked, by way of well as a majority of its daughters,
parenthesis that it is particularly Such, however, is really the case,
discreditable to the city of Boston She is the daughter of the late Bear
that it has had no woman member Admiral John G. Walker,* the famous
of its educational board for several naval officer in whose name and fame
years past, the membership thereof, every intelligent New Hampshire man
in fact, having been greatly reduced and woman takes special pride. A
upon the adoption of the new charter native of the town of Hillsborough,
*Rear Admiral John Grimes Walker, son of Alden and Susan Grimes Walker, was horn in
Hillsborough, N. H., March 20, 1835. He was a nephew of the late Hon. James \Y. Grimes,
of Iowa, his mother being the sister of the latter by whom he was adopted in boyhood, and
with whom he had his home until his appointment as a midshipman in the navy in 1850. He
graduated from the naval academy at Annapolis in 1856; was made a lieutenant in 1858, and
was in active service during the Civil War. He took part in the capture of New ( Means and
the siege of Vicksburg; was made a lieutenant commander July 16, 1862, and commanded an
iron-clad in Porter's Mississippi squadron. He commanded a naval expedition up the Yazoo
River, during which his vessel was destroyed by a hidden torpedo. He commanded the Saco
of the North Atlantic blockading squadron in 1865, and the Shawmut at the capture of the
defenses near Wilmington, N. C. He was promoted commander July 25, 1866, and captain
June 25, 1877. He was Chief of the Bureau of Navigation from 1881 till 1889; in February
of which latter year he was made a Commodore and assigned to the command of the new
"Squadron of Evolution." Subsequently he was successively given command of European,
South Atlantic and North Atlantic squadrons. January 23, 1894, he was made a Rear Admiral
and assigned to command of the Pacific squadron, serving from March until August of that
year, after which he was chairman of the Light House board till his retirement , March 20, 1897.
He was president of the Nicaragua Canal Commission from 1897 to 1899 and subsequently
14
The Granite Monthly
Admiral Walker was adopted in
childhood by his uncle, the late Sen-
ator Grimes of Iowa,* another dis-
tinguished son of the old Granite
State. He married, in early man-
hood, a Pickering of Roxbury — a
noted old-time Massachusetts fam-
ily,— and their daughter — Susan
Grimes — was born in Cambridge,
Mass., May 9, 1871. Her early life
was passed in different places, as
determined by the service assign-
ments of her father, and her prelimi-
nary education gained in Boston,
Salem, and Washington, D. C. She
also studied in Europe, where in dif-
ferent countries which she visited,
with her family, she obtained a
knowledge of the French and German
languages, which she has always
retained. She entered Bryn Mawr
College, Pa., from which she graduated
in the class of 1893, having been a
leading spirit in her class from the
start, and a prominent factor in the
college life. She remained at the
college the year after graduation as
secretary to the President, and was
largely instrumental in systematizing
the administrative department of the
institution. Here it was that she
first became interested in political
matters, and to her initiative was due
the organization of the Students'
Self Governing Association, the first
of its kind in the country, soon fol-
lowed by many similar organizations.
Her work at Bryn Mawr was fol-
lowed by three years service at Bar-
nard College New York, where she
was at the head of Fiske Hall, having
control over nearly a hundred em-
ployees, with charge of the buildings,
care for the home life of the pupils,
and management of the dining hall
for non-resident students. Subse-
quently she was for three years head
worker of the Richmond Hill Settle-
ment house in New York, and was
a leading member of the first New
York Child Labor Committee, which
drafted and secured the enactment of
several child labor laws, and a com-
pulsory education bill. Later, she
took a civil service examination for
the position of truant officer with a
view to testing the efficacy and real
value of the law, from a social and
civic standpoint.
In 1901 she became the wife of
Richard Y., FitzGerald a lawyer
and author, of Boston, Mass., who
sympathizes heartily with her views
and purposes, and her earnest efforts
in the line of social, educational and
political progress; but it was not until
1907 that she made her permanent
home in Boston. Meanwhile, among
other experiences, broadening her
acquaintance with life in its various
phases, she spent two years on a
Western ranch, familiarizing herself
with every kind of labor incident to
such life.
Since her residence in Boston,,
Mrs. FitzGerald has been active in
various lines of effort for social and
civic betterment. She was for three
president of the Isthmian Canal Commission, having charge of the preparatory work for the
great Panama Canal enterprise. Admiral Walker received the honorary degree of LL.D.
from the University of Pennsylvania in 1903. He died at York Beach, Me., September 15, 1907.
*Hon. James Wilsqn Grimes was born in Deering, N. EL, October 2, 1816, graduated from
Dartmouth College in 1836, studied law and located in practice in the "Black Hawk Purchase,"
afterward Burlington, Iowa, in 1837, where he had his home through life. He was a delegate
in the territorial assembly in 1838 and again in 1843, a representative in the state legislature
in 1852, Governor of Iowa from 1854 to 1858, and a Senator in the Congress of the United
States from 1859 to 1869 when he resigned. He was a delegate in the Philadelphia Peace
Convention of 1861. He was an active member of the Senate Committee on Naval Affairs, an
early advocate of the construction of iron-clads, and of earth works for coast defense. He
was a Republican in politics, but was never controlled by the party lash, acting always in
accordance with his own convictions of right and duty. He opposed the increase of the
regular army ; also opposed a protective tariff, and voted against the impeachment of President
Johnson. He was a warm friend of education and a liberal benefactor of Iowa College. He
received the honorary degree of LL.D. from both Dartmouth and Iowa Colleges in 1865.
He died February 12, 1872.
A Granddaughter of New Hampshire \ ',
years secretary of the Boston Equal Lee and Mr. Brock, the same people
Suffrage League for Good Govern- who praised them before threaten them
ment. She is a leading member and with penalties, and declare thai the
Secretary of the Massachusetts Wo- teachers must be driven out of politics.
man Suffrage Association and was, "Mrs. FitzGerald ought to gel a
last year, secretary of the Boston large vote in the interest of political
School Voters League, whose organi- independence. The main argument
zation was largely due to her efforts, used against her is that she can not he
Mrs. FitzGerald became a candi- elected. If everybody who would
date for election as a member of the like to see her on the school board
Boston school committee, not only votes for her, she will be elected.
because of her deep interest in the Under the new charter, it is hoped
cause of education and the welfare that less weight will be given to party
of the public schools, but also because labels and more to individual merit
she believed there was urgent neces- in school committee candidates. Even
sity for a woman's presence on the under the old regime, Mrs. Emily
board and participation in its work. A. Fifield (who served twenty years
Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, editor on the Boston School Board, and was
of the Woman's Journal, in advocating one of its most respected members)
her election in a signed editorial pub- got a bigger vote on one occasion,
lished during the campaign, said: though she had the nomination of
"Mrs. Susan W. FitzGerald ought only one of the great parties, than
to get a large vote because she is this another candidate who had the joint
year the only woman candidate for nomination of both,
the Boston School Board. Half of "Mrs. FitzGerald ought to get a
the school children are girls, and large vote as a protest against the
nearly all the teachers are women. A present regime. There is no need to
board which has to do mainly with call in question the good intentions
women and children clearly ought to of the school board. But the situa-
have at least one woman upon it. tion in Boston today shows what a
"She ought to get a large vote on serious botch a small group of well-
her merits because she is exception- meaning men can make by ignoring
ally well qualified to do good service entirely the women's viewpoint, in
on the board. a matter which especially concerns
"She ought to get a large vote be- women, and about which the women
cause she is the choice of the teachers, know more than the}' do."
The teachers know more about the Although defeated for election,
schools than any other set of persons Mrs. FitzGerald has no regrets for
in the community, and are better her part in the campaign. She was
qualified to judge who will make a contending for principle and not for
useful member of the school board, self interest, except as her own chil-
They are experts. dren are affected by the condition in
"She ought to get a large vote as a the public schools in which they are
protest against the methods which being educated. She feels, moreover,
are being used to defeat her. One that the work done will bear fruit
of these methods has been the in time to come and that another
attempted intimidation of teachers, election will result in the choice of
When teachers worked for the re- at least one woman upon the Boston
election of a member of the present School Board.
school board (Mr. David A. Ellis) Naturally Mrs. FitzGerald takes a
they were not only permitted to do so deep interest in the campaign now
but were praised for it. Now, when under way in New Hampshire for the
they exercise their right as citizens submission and adoption of a consti-
to work against the re-election of Mr. tutional amendment conferring full
16
The Granite Monthly
suffrage rights upon the women of
the state, because of the general
interest she has taken in the equal
suffrage cause for many years, and her
strong love for the old state in which
her father was born, in which many
of her kindred have their home, and
in which her summer days were passed
for many years, at Portsmouth, at
Rye Beach, at Dublin and, notably,
at Wilton, which was her father's
summer home for the last fourteen
years of his life.
Mr. and Mrs. Fitz Gerald have three
daughters — Anne, Rebecca and Susan,
nine, six and three years of age respec-
tively, the two eldest being public
school pupils.
A LIFE STORY
By L. Adelaide Sherman
I will sing of spring, and the flowers and trees,
I will catch the tune that the wood-thrush sings,
And the melody of the brook and the breeze—
(And the world will listen to me, I said)
I will sing of wonderful, beautiful things.
I will sing of the promise of days to come,
Of honor and fame, with their hopes and fears,
Of wisdom's heights where my feet shall roam — -
(And some will listen, I know, I said)
I will sing of the glory of future years.
I will sing of love, for this sweetest theme
Fills all my heart with its rapture blest.
In the June-sweet bowers where I wait and dream
(And you will listen, dear heart, I said)
I will sing for him whom I love the best.
I will sing the song of an aching heart —
I will tune my harp to a minor strain.
I will sing as I watch my joys depart
(But who will listen to this? I said)
Of a broken faith and a cureless pain.
I will sing of the peace that comes at last
When the gates of heaven soft swing ajar,
A^d a saving ray to the earth is cast —
i God will listen and hear,-I said)
. will sing of the path that leads to the star.
Warner, N. H.
HISTORIC INNS
By Eva F. T. Staniels
[Read before Rumford Chapter, D. A. R., of Concord, N. H.]
The most modern hotels of the
present day cannot compare rela-
tively in importance with the ordi-
naries, or inns, opened in the early
settlement of our country by order of
the General Court and under the di-
rect jurisdiction of the minister and
the tithing man.
These worthies were given author-
ity to enforce the laws which pro-
hibited the inordinate sale of liquors.
As the inns were often required by
law to be situated next the meeting
house, many a pleasant nooning did
our ancestors spend before the hos-
pitable fire.
The landlords were men of dis-
tinction, being often the local mag-
istrates, and the tavern in Ipswich
was presided over, in 1771, by the
grand-daughter of Governor Endi-
cott, thus showing that some of the
best families in New England were
represented in this business, also
showing that women were appointed
innkeepers, so well did they perform
their duties.
These houses were primitive af-
fairs, often having but two rooms and a
lean-to, and frequently travellers had
difficulty in securing beds.
One's dinner cost sixpence by order
of the General Court, regardless of
quantity or quality, the landlord and
his wife often acting as host and host-
ess at the table.
Several of these taverns bore unique
signs, one in Medford representing
two old men shaking hands and bow-
ing. This gave to the place the name
of Palaver's Tavern, which proved
so offensive to the inn-keeper that he
substituted another and more appro-
priate design, in the form of a foun-
tain pouring punch into a large bowl.
This Fountain Tavern had sub-
stantial platforms in two large shade
trees connected with each other and
the house by bridges. In these tree
rests, the traveller might sit, cool and
remote among the branches, drinking
tea or a substitute and watching
horsemen and pedestrians come ami
go.
One ancient inn, in Byfield, Mass.,
was kept by "Old J. P." as he was fa-
miliarly called from the fact that
these initials were stamped on the
barrels of rum with which his cellar
was filled.
This tavern of Jeremiah Pearson
was a lively centre on Muster days,
and many a yarn was spun across the
board in the Independence Hall, so
christened at the dinner given the
returned troops after the Revolu-
tionary War.
Copied from one of the favorite
signs of England, "The Bunch of
Grapes " formerly hung from a tav-
ern of that name in State Street, Bos-
ton. It was made of baked clay,
brought from England, and a portion
of this sign can be seen in the Essex
Institute, Salem, while two bunches
of the grapes are stored in a steel
vault in the Masonic Temple, Boston,
for the Masons take every precaution
to preserve this old relic of the- inn,
in which all the meetings of the old-
est benevolent association in New
England were held in 1707 and 1768.
Here also the first president of the
United States stayed. The tavern
of "Bunch of Grapes.."' was moved to
Congress Street, ai i General
Stark came after his cy at Ben-
nington.
A sign verse which hung in front of
Mother Red Cap Inn, Hoi way,
England, and which was reproduced
on ancient signs in America, savors
strongly of our dear old Mother
Goose.
18 The Granite Monthly
Old Mother Red Cap, according picturesque taverns in all Essex
to her tale, lived twenty and one County is Ferncroft Inn, Danvers;
hundred years, by drinking this good the views from the piazza are unsur-
ale. "It was her meat, it was her passed in beauty and grandeur,
drink, and medicine beside, and if It would puzzle the heads of our
she still had drunk this ale, she never modern architects, should they at-
would have died." tempt to duplicate the architectual
Although a few of the original New designs • of this ancient structure,
England taverns still exist, many of erected in 1692, with low ceilings and
those now standing are more recent heavy oak cross beams, that make
ones, built on the same site, and the six-footer duck his head, while
bearing the same name. the broad fire-places easily accom-
The house at Stockbridge, Mass., modate seven foot logs. Ancient
first built in 1773 on the stage route china, books and prints are here in
between Boston and Albany, was a profusion, with two arm chairs, once
large and popular hotel when burnt the property of Robert Burns. The
in 1896. In the public room of the paper on the office walls is Shakes-
present tavern, rebuilt on the old site perian; old English landscapes are in
is a collection of old-fashioned furni- the hall, while hunting scenes and
ture, crockery, and bric-a-brac, con- sports of "Merrie England " delight
sidered by collectors of the antique the eye in the dining room. The
the best in the country. front of the inn is an exact reproduc-
The Wayside Inn at Sudbury, tion of the home of Anne Hathaway.
Mass., made famous by Longfellow's The Boynton Tavern, in old
"Tales of the Wayside Inn," was the Newbury, was presided over by a
assembly place of the soldiers after very eccentric man. One of his sons,
the battle of Lexington. who was born while the tavern was
Wright's Tavern of Concord, Mass., being torn down, was named Tearing;
calls to mind a thrilling scene when the second son, coming when an addi-
Major Pitcairn, the British com- tion to the inn was under way, was
mander, stirring a glass of brandy named Adding.
with his bloody finger, the morning Mr. Boynton was the inventor of
before the battle of Concord, boasted the first silk reel, and groups of mul-
that he would thus stir the blood of berry trees were set out, furnishing
his enemy before night. proper food for the worms, and some
Salem was the possessor of several of these trees are in a flourishing con-
inns — The Ship's Tavern, the Sa- dition on a farm in Byfield.
lem Coffee House and Thomas The "West Parish" of Boxford
Beadles' Tavern, where the prelimi- boasted for many years an old tav-
nary examinations in witchcraft were ern that was erected in 1776. where
held. the militia met to be reviewed. The
The first temperance inn was fine country inn, now located in "East
opened in Marlboro, N. H., when Parish " was refitted from an old tav-
liquor was of prime importance in all ern by Deacon Parker Spofford. Here
taverns. This innovation was looked the first post-office was kept, mails
upon with disfavor by drivers of being brought by the stage-coach,
stage-coaches and loud were their The mails were taken to the church
lamentations; being assured, how- and distributed by Mr. Spofford to
ever, that coffee and tea would be people living at a distance. Even in
served them, the tavern became one those days the good deacons used
of the most popular in New England, drawing cards for church services,
and thus our first coffee house was it seems,
started. In the town of Danvers stands the
One of the quaintest and most old Berry Tavern, built in 1741.
Historic Inns 19
This public house has been main- who maintained there a printing of-
tained continuously from that time, fice. In 1817 it went into the owner-
being at the present day a thoroughly ship of Joseph Low.
equipped hotel. The Stickney Tavern, which bore
Our own City of Concord can boast on its sign a picture of a bold Indian
its share of historic taverns. Its first chief, was on Main street, just north
public house was a development of of its junction with Court. Broad
James Osgood's garrison, on the east gardens and orchards surrounded it,
side of North Main street, just south enclosing ground now covered by
of the junction with Depot street. Court street, as well as a part of
This refuge from danger became City Hall square. Its site came near
gradually a house for entertainment, being chosen in 1816 as the place for
and thither were borne the slain in the state house. The tavern was a
the fight with the Indians, on the plain, spacious New England man-
Hopkinton road, August 11, 1746 — sion and William Stickney opened its
an indication that its shelter was then doors to travellers, January, 1791.
a place of common rendezvous. Both lines of Boston stages drew
Asa McFarland, in an article en- rein at Stickney's, and its crescent-
titled "Memorials of Olden Time, shaped driveway turned off Main
printed in the Statesman of February street, as far away as Pitman street,
14, 1845, says he was told by an old and returned almost as far north as
citizen that the Prince de Tallyrand Chapel. In March, 1798, there was a
was in Concord, a lodger at the Os- ball at Stickney hall to celebrate the
good tavern, during his exile from ordination of a pastor for the old
France, 1793-1795. North Church. The hours of danc-
There was a tavern long ago at the ing parties at Stickney's were seemly,
corner of North Main and Church for the newspapers of 1808 make
streets, kept by Benjamin Hanna- mention of such assemblies to begin
ford, who dwelt there as early as at 5 p. m.
1777. Gale's Tavern obtained mention as
The earliest south end tavern was early as 1797, and as late as 1832. It
that of Samuel Butters, a portion of was at the north corner of North
which remains, numbered 131 South Main and Warren streets, and was
Main street; it is mentioned as being kept by Benjamin Gale,
a tavern as early as 1780. In its late The house numbered 250 North
years it was called the Concord Main street, was a portion of the
Railroad House. It was there that Washington Hotel in the early part
the red coated company of troopers of the nineteenth century. President
in the Eleventh regiment disbanded, Monroe was entertained there in 1817.
and in one of its rooms, February 3, The teamsters who frequented this
1795, a meeting was held for the or- tavern half a century ago were ac-
ganization of the corporation which customed to pay fifty cents for sup-
built the lower or Pembroke bridge. per, lodging and breakfast. This in-
There was in the last century a eluded a cigar and a glass of rum.
Kinsman House, kept by one Aaron John P. Gass, a young man of
Kinsman, who served as captain in a twenty-seven, was the landlord of the
New Hampshire regiment at Bunker Columbian Hotel. It had abundant
Hill and owned an eight-acre estate, room, and in 1830 stages to Boston,
with a good frontage on North Main Portsmouth and Haverhill departed
street, opposite School. On this site from its doors. This hotel was de-
he kept a hotel before 1790, when he stroyed by fire in 1869.
married a Hanover widow and moved Another Concord hotel, around
to the college town. The property which pleasant memories cluster, was
was sold to George Hough, in 1791, the Phenix, built by Abel Hutchins
20
The Granite Monthly
on the site of his burned dwelling and
opened in 1819. This house was de-
stroyed by fire in 1856, and the ex-
isting hotel, which has been run in
connection with the Eagle, since 1890,
was built upon its site.
The original Eagle Coffee House
was built in 1827, on the site where
the Eagle Hotel now stands. In
Grecian hall, connected with this
property, the notable Jackson ball
was held in 1828; also the first pub-
lic dramatic entertainment ever given
in Concord. There were noted names
on the books of the Eagle — Andrew
Jackson, who neglected the dainties
and ate bread and milk; Benjamin
Harrison, Levi P. Morton, Jefferson
Davis and others.
The rates at the Eagle may be
taken as specimen charges of the bet-
ter hotels. From 1840 to 1850 they
were one dollar a day; tourists to
the mountains paid one dollar and
fifty cents, and if a guest looked like
a real millionaire two dollars was
timidly suggested.
For more than thirty years the
American House was a grateful abid-
ing place to many travellers. It
stood on the north corner of North
Main and Park streets, and the
names of many noted men could be
found on its registers.
The Elm House stood for nearly
half a century on the corner of Main
and Pleasant streets.
Many others could be mentioned
of more or less celebrity, but time
will not permit.
Could we, for a short time, bring
before us pictures of the young farm-
ers on their way to Boston, from all
parts of New England, on their jump-
ers, or long sleds, where they heaped
the corn, grain, bundles of yarn,
homespun cloth, etc., which were to
be exchanged for other merchandise;
of the severe storms they encount-
ered, making them willing prisoners
for a while at these hospitable houses;
of the buxom lasses met and oft-
times made the partners of their joys;
of the merry making in the long win-
ter evenings, would not all this com-
pare favorably with the present mode
of enjoyment of our young people;
and does it not make us wish for a
glimpse of some old time inn? For
No longer the host hobbles down
from his rest
In the porch's cool shadows to wel-
come his guest
With a smile of delight, and a -grasp
of the hand,
And a glance of the eye that no heart
could withstand.
When the long rains of autumn set in
from the West,
The mirth of the landlord was broad-
est and best;
And the stranger who paused over
night never knew
If the clock on the mantel struck ten,
or struck two.
Oh! the songs they would sing and
the tales they would spin,
As they lounged in the light of the old
fashioned inn;
But the day came at last when the
stage brought no load
To the gate, as it rolled up the long,
dusty road.
TALES OF ANCIENT DOVER
I
A Woman in the Stocks
By P. L. F.
In early days the Indian dwelt by Pascataqua's side
Where Wecohamet planting ground his simple wants supplied,
Hard by the Devon fisher's spoil, won from a treacherous main,
In long flakes drying in the sun, told of the season's gain.
The great pine felt the woodman's blows : rang the loud crash afar
While down the foaming rapids ran, strong boom and tapering spar.
Tribute of forest, stream and sea, in those far distant days,
Claimed thus the men of Dovertown, strong, steadfast in their ways.
Their earliest care to build a church on Dover's highest ground,
'Twas there good Parson Maud held forth to sinners all around,
'Twas there that Richard Pinkham's drum — in measured time he smote-
Loud booming on the Sabbath air, sped forth a martial note.
Full twenty years of Arcady — old Dover's golden age —
Since "Combination," "Protest" too were spread on history's page.
Few troubles fretted life's smooth stream by Pascataqua's tide
When Puritan and Churchman in peace dwelt side by side.
But Massachusetts' stringent laws now swayed old Dover town,
Absence from Sabbath meeting brought stern persecution down.
With fine and beating, jail and stocks, the Quakers too were tried
Yet thrived they on affliction with the inner light their guide.
A tale that bears repeating, though oft before been told
Is that of Jellian Pinkham and the grim stocks of old.
'Twas thirteen Sabbaths since to church she trod the village path
When stern old Parson Reyner rose up in righteous wrath
Far down the dusty highway on duty bent he strode,
Surcharged with pent emotion his austere countenance glowed.
"Now hark ye Jellian Pinkham! you scandalize the town,
The elders and the magistrates upon your action frown.
I've endeavored to persuade you, counselled and implored,
But I find your heart is hardened to the preaching of the word.
Now come you forth on Lord's day to your accustomed place
Or the magistrates in session will consider well your case."
"Now list to me John Reyner! thee feeds thy people chaff,
God's golden grain of truth ye lack, but worship still the calf.
The magistrates may fine me, or worse if so they choose,
With Waldron's heartless constables to carry out their views.
Remember Alice Ambrose and Mary Tompkins too,
And loving Anna Coleman in all things kind and true,
They were fastened at the cart's tail, their bare backs beaten sore,
The powers of evil, Reyner! can scarce to me do more."
Before bigoted magistrates who enforced fanatic laws,
In trembling and in weakness, she pleads a prejudged cause.
That bigotry has had its way the sequel well discloses,
"Five shillings for each Sabbath day," the fine the law imposes,
If still she proves so obstinate as to refuse this fine
The law provides a pair of stocks exposed to rain and shine.
22 The Granite Monthly
So good dame Jellian Pinkham — so doth the record run —
Sat in the village stocks that day beneath the summer sun.
Fast by, a giant red oak towered and within its grateful shade
There stood the stoic Indian by his shoulder nude betrayed,
There were sailors, traders, woodmen in that rude and motley crew
Assembled near the blackened stocks her punishment to view.
The thoughtless pressed around her, with many a taunt and jeer,
But some stood by in sympathy and- murmured words of cheer.
The spectacle, lamentable, outraged religion mocks
And nevermore did Dover see a woman in the stocks.
The court that sat in Dover upon that summer day,
Its magistrates and culprits too have gone their destined way.
The stocks, the meeting house, the fort with "flank arts" tall
Have answered in entirety to time's insistent call.
The brooding fields of Dover now calm deserted lie,
Across the neck the nightbreeze wafts the seabird's plaintive cry;
While the stars that shone o'er Dovertown still faithful vigil keep,
As, through the long and fateful years, both saint and sinner sleep.
But who the saint? The sinner who? Ah who can tell
Save He who through the storm and strife hath guided well.
THE GRANITE HILLS
By H. B. Merriam
Rising beyond the busy mart,
Clothed in their robes of blue,
Of the fair heavens the}r seem a part,
Till nearer brought to view.
The air grows dense, with fog that chills
And darkens in its fall;
It hides the beauty of the hills
And drapes them like a pall.
A glorious sunset gilds the west,
Its brilliant clouds it fills
With roseate, gold and amethyst,
Reflecting on the hills ;
Till from each lifted crest there slips
A light we fain would keep,
As lovingly, with rosy lips,
They kiss the hills to sleep.
THE TRAINED NURSE
Bij Evelyn Waite
There is. so much to say upon the
subject of the "Trained Nurse" one
hardly knows where to begin. She is
trained in so many more things than
just the care of the sick. The trained
nurse is an embodiment of tact, di-
plomacy, serenity of nerves, amiable
disposition, and strong character.
When a trained nurse goes into a
home to care for some one's loved
one, immediately the family shifts all
responsibility upon her shoulders.
Florence Nightingale has done more
for the general public than any other
woman, simply by establishing a
school in St. Thomas Hospital in
London, for nurses, whereby women
could be trained properly to care for
this vast ailing humanity.
It will be recalled, after Miss Night-
ingale returned from the Crimea, that
England, being so grateful for the
amount of good she had accomplished
presented her with a large sum of
money. This money she refused to
accept for herself, but established a
training school for nurses, in connec-
tion with the St. Thomas Hospital.
The fund was known as the "Night-
ingale Fund." Fifteen probationers
were to be admitted into the Hospital,
and their board, lodging and cost of
tuition and supervision were to be
charged to this fund. This first class
of fifteen were entered in 1860 for
one year's training.
The trained nurse has such a wide
field! Take for instance the surgical
nurse — imagine her active brain in
entering an operating room. The life
of the patient on the operating table
depends largely of course upon the
doctor's skill and alertness with the
knife. The nurse must follow every
movement of his hand, and be ready
to place into his fingers the proper in-
strument at the precise moment he is
ready to use it; the correct needles
used to draw the incision together at
the moment he puts down his last
instrument, and she must be ready to
read his every thought as to his next
move.
The public school nurse! There
are very few branches of nursing
which are so vastly interesting as that
of the public school nurse, and with
such a wide scope of usefulness —
dealing entirely with children, and
regulating their ideas, and conform-
ing their habits for young womanhood
and manhood. The ailments of the
public school children, of course, are
necessarily limited in treatment, as
the only cases that they would prac-
tically handle would be the eye, ear,
throat and nose.
The district nurse has, without
doubt, the hardest life of any of her
colleagues in the work. She works
among the poorer class, who are, by
the way, extremely sensitive and
proud, as a rule. She goes into their
homes daily. There are perhaps ten
or twelve in the family, living in one
room. There is the old grandmother,
who longs for her sunny Italy. Poor,
tired, patient mother, and hard work-
ing father, and, strange as it may
seem, they have as much heart and
as much thought for their family of
little ones as the American parent,
hard as it seems to make people
understand this! Then there are six
or seven children, with a step between,
and the sick, feverish body, and nec-
essary boarders.
As the "Trained Nurse" goes into
one of these homes, the doctor tells
her on their way there that he de-
pends upon her to educate the fam-
ily into a sanitary way of living. We
will enter a house in the slum district,
climb a circular pair of steep stairs,
enter a room in which we find a pa-
tient who has had measles and pleu-
risy, with effusion, which became pu-
rulent. She is running an even tern-
24 The Granite Monthly
perature of 105°, and sweating pro- period; while one-third of the blind-
fusely. Every window and door ness in the nation is due to the igno-
closed tight, and a temperature of 80° ranee and carelessness of those who
with perhaps an air tight stove in care for the infant at the time of
the room. The floor has not been birth and the first few weeks after-
swept and the room has every ap- wards. It is an humiliating fact that
pearance of filth. The patient has while the death rate from puerperal
on a heavy flannel night dress, dirty infectious disorders has lessened un-
woolen shirt, flannel petticoat, and til puerperal fever has been almost
stockings; has had no bath for weeks; vanished from the hospitals, yet the
lying on a feather bed, and bed piled death rate in private obstetrical
high with blankets and "comforters." practice, the country over, is as great
She will not have a nurse or doctor, as it was three decades ago.
However, the nurse, in her tactful The trained nurse has a life of any-
way, has opened the windows, swept thing but perpetual sunshine. "The
the floor, bathed the patient, changed District Nurse," "The Public School
the bed, and combed the patient's Nurse," "The Surgical Nurse," "The
hair, yet hardly disturbing her, mak- Tuberculosis Nurse," are all doing
ing her much more comfortable; dis- a noble work. I have yet to speak
carded the feather bed, and, in very of the "Department Store Nurse,"
short order, the temperature is re- which I will touch very briefly. This
duced, and the patient very comfort- is a comparatively new feature of the
able. The trained nurse, in her mat- work and life of the trained riUrse.
ter of fact way, has shown the whole In Boston some of the larger firms
family how easy it was to give a have established in their stores, a
blanket bath, take temperature and nurse, a doctor, and a Hospital De-
pulse, give castor oil in a sandwich, partment. The doctor makes a visit
so it is not nauseating; to sweep of an hour three days in the week, for
without dust, by putting a damp examinations and consultations of the
cloth on the broom, and that people employees. The nurses are gradu-
must undress when they go to bed. ates of the Massachusetts General
Education is very necessary along and city hospitals. Those coming to
the lines of ventilating the living and the Hospital Department,, or we might
sleeping rooms, and regarding the diet, say clinical department, are sales-
There is no limit to the extent of women and men, bundle, cash or
help an intelligent nurse can be to the check girls and boys, and other
teeming masses of uneducated and employees of the store. The cases
educated public, along the lines treated are almost too numerous to
of diet and fundamental sanitary mention, from minor surgical work to
principles. stomach, bowels, and nerve cases.
Perhaps to the obstetrical nurse There are from six to eight cots in
comes the most satisfaction, two the "sick room," which is composed
human lives depending upon her of three large, airy, sunshiny, well-
skill. The mother needs attention ventilated rooms, at the top of the-
day and night, and the baby demands building if possible. The physician
care. Doctor De Lee, in his book, is on call at any moment of the day,
"Obstetrics for Nurses," states that in case of accident to employee or
seven per cent, of all the deaths of customer, and should they require
women between twenty and forty further medical treatment, they are
years, are due to some form of puer- sent to a neighboring hospital, at the
peral infection, while thousands more expense of the store, in which they
wives and mothers live lives of semi- are injured. This comparatively new
invalidism from lack of proper care idea of medical treatment and aid in
during child-birth, and the lying-in a department store is a most excel-
The Trained Nurse
25
lent thing for the average man and
woman employed in a large store,
earning a comparatively small in-
come a week, as the medical assist-
ance is entirely free of charge.
The nurses during the extreme heat
of the past summer (June, July, and
August) saw between sixty and eighty
patients a day, and they average at
this time of the year, with grippe,
colds, tonsilitis, pneumonia, etc.,
from thirty to fifty a day. The
trained nurse comes in contact with
a great many personalities daily, and
as many different kinds of religion,
and it would surprise the average
person what effect the medicine has
upon them concerning their religion.
The idea the true nurse has, is not
how hard she works, not how many
"hard luck " stories she hears (and
each one of the thirty to fifty have
an individual "hard luck story"), but
what good she can do; how much
help she can give those dependent ones
and how much of her own sunny na-
ture she can impart to her patients
to help lighten their burden.
THRENODY
By L. J. H. Frost
The red sun has sunk in the sea;
The wind is mournfully sighing;
My heart beats sadly. Ah, me!
On the hearth the embers are dying.
There's a withered rose in my hand;
Long ago it was full of sweetness,
For it grew in a sunny land,
And dreamed not of summer's briefness.
Now it tells of a joy so sweet
That it banished all thought of sorrow;
Could the past and the future meet
The dead rose would bloom on the morrow.
The wraith of a buried hope
From its dark, cold bed has risen,
And my heart in its narrow scope
Beats its bars as a bird beats its prison.
Oh, hopes that have long lain dead;
Why have you risen unbidden?
My soul is to sorrow wed,
I need not your awful chrism.
IRISH WIT AND HUMOR
By Mary E. Smith
Irish wit is proverbial. Ireland is practice the precept that "Cleanli-
sometimes called, /'The Land of ness is next to godliness," as is shown
Ter-na-nog," which means the "Land by the following anecdote. Granny,
of the Young." "the thimble-man," was a woman,
Saint Patrick is said to have who lived near a ditch. She was
expelled toads and snakes from the once offered a shilling to wash herself.
"Island of Saints," but he did not "I've heerd ov' washin' a corpse, but
expel wit and repartee. never ov' washin' a live wan," was
Hours are long, work hard, and her indignant response,
wages low. We all know the priva- A doctor was once obliged by ill—
tion and poverty caused by the landlord health to leave Ireland. When he
system and England's oppressive laws, returned to his native land after
In spite of these conditions the Irish are several years absence his hair was
a merry, warm-hearted people, indulg- threaded with silver. A "bhoy" of
ing in many a jest to cheer their weary eighty (every man is a "bhoy" until
way along. he is married) met him and accosted
They do not talk for effect. Their him thus: "An' your honor never
wit is not studied. It is not tinctured got married beyant" "Never once,
with sarcasm, but is permeated by good Henry, I'll give my word," answered
humor, and provokes mirth, not anger, the doctor. Old Henry lifted his
An Irishman occasionally uses the arms thankfully. "And hadn't you
best words possible in explaining a great luck, doctor, dear, that you
thing. A man named " Martin " had didn't get yourself implicated with
a precise way of measuring his sylla- a family," was his cordial comment
bles. A friend described his method as he shook hands with the doctor,
of speaking thus: "It's a quare sort Irish humor is not entirely con-
of a way Martin talks. It's as if he fined to the humbler class. A gentle-
took the words our of his mouth and man was on the witness stand in a
looked at them before he gives them case being tried in Dublin. The
to yez." prosecuting attorney asked him, "Did
To fully enjoy these precious morsels you go to the public house?" "I
of everyday life one must live among did, sir." "And did you take some-
the people and be of them. A doctor thing there, sir?" "I did," answered
who lived in Ireland tells this story. — the witness. "Gentlemen, you hear
A vicar asked a woman, a great the witness admit that he went to
grumbler, "How are you, Mrs. this public house and took something"
Neale?" "Ah! very, very bad. 'Tis (the attorney thinking that the gen-
degestion, your reverence, like a hive tleman had imbibed a fiery beverage
of bees a-buzzin' an' a-buzzin' in my there). "And what did you take?"
buzzum." "Is it always the same?" he asked the witness. "I took a
asked the vicar. "Nay, not always, chair to sit on" was the reply, which
your reverence. 'Tis often like a convulsed the court with laughter,
load of bricks a-poundin' an' a- In Samuel Lovel's novel of Irish
a-poundin', that's when the bees life, "Handy Andy," is a striking
ain't a-buzzin'. But (the wrinkled illustration of the Irishman's keen-
old face brightened), but, the doctor ness and readiness of wit. Father
— God bless him — is after givin' me Blake, otherwise known as Father
a description an' if it don't cure me, Phil, was one of the two priests who
he'll describe me again." celebrated mass in a dilapidated
Some of the Irish people do not chapel, which leaked badly. Father
Irish Wit and Humor 27
Phil wished to raise a subscription to faces, and behind your backs, too, for
repair the chapel, which was no easy don't I see this minit a strame o'
matter among an impoverished people, wather, that might turn a mill, run-
It rained on the Sunday that Father ning down Micky Mackavoy's back,
Phil wished to obtain the subscrip- between the collar of his coat and
tion, which was favorable to his plan, shirt." Here a laugh ensued at the
The people crowded about, the altar, expense of Micky Mackavoy who
so as not to get wet. Then Father certainly was under a very heavy
Phil would reprove them in the midst drip from the imperfect roof. "And
of the mass. These interruptions is it laughing you are, you haythens?"
occurred in the most serious places, said Father Phil, reproving the merri-
producing a ludicrous effect. ment, which he himself had purposely
A big woman was elbowing her way created, that he might reprove it.
toward the rails of the altar, when "Laughing is it you are, — at your
Father Phil interrupted his appeal to backslidings and insensibilities to
Heaven to address her thus: "Agnus, the honor of God; laughing, because
you'd better jump over the rails of when you come here to be saved you
the althar, I think. Go along o' that, are lost intirely with the wet. And
there's plenty of room in the chapel how, I ask you, are my words of
below there." Then he would pro- comfort to enter your hearts, when
ceed with the service. While he the rain is pouring down your backs
prayed the shuffling of feet edging at the same time? Sure, I have no
out of the rain disturbed him, and he chance of turning your hearts while
cried, "I hear you there — can't you you are undher rain that might turn
be quiet and not be disturbin' the a mill; but once put a good roof on
mass, you haythens?" the house, and I will inundate you
He addressed the congregation with piety! Maybe it's Father Dom-
regarding the subscription thus: inick you would like to have coming
"Here it is and no denying it — down among you, who would grind your
in black and white, but if they who hearts to powdher with his heavy
give are down in black, how much words." (Here a low murmur of
blacker are those who have not given dissent ran through the throng.)
at all; but I hope they will be ashamed "Ha! Ha! so you wouldn't like it', I
of themselves, when I howld up those see. Very well, very well, — take care
to honor who have been contributing then, for if I find you insensible to
to the uphowlding of the house of God. my moderate reproofs, you hard-
And isn't it ashamed of yourselves hearted haythens, you malefacthors
you ought to be, to leave His house and cruel persecuthors, that won't
in such a condition — and doesn't it put your hands in your pockets,
rain a'most every Sunday, as if He because your mild and quiet poor fool
wished to remind you of your duty? of a pasthor has no tongue in his head!
Aren't you wet to the skin a'most I say your mild, quiet, poor fool of a
every Sunday? Oh, God is good to pasthor (for I know my own faults,
you! to put you in mind of your duty, partly, God forgive me) and I can't
giving you such betther coulds that spake to you as you deserve, you hard-
you are coughing and sneezin' every living vagabonds, that are as insensi-
Sunday to that degree that you can't ble to your duties as you are to the
hear the blessed mass for a comfort weather. I wish it was sugar or
and a benefit to you; and so you'll salt you were made of, and then the rain
go on sneezin' until you put a good might melt you, if I couldn't; but
thatch on the place and prevent the no — them naked rafters grin in your
appearance of the evidence from face to no purpose; you chate the
Heaven against you every Sunday, house of God; but take care, maybe
which is condemning you before your you won't chate the divil so aisy" —
28 The Granite Monthly
(here there was a sensation). "Ha! the same women I knew a hundred
ha, that makes you open your ears, years ago or more whin I was on the
does it? More shame for you; you turf. They're alive. Look at th'
ought to despise that dirty enemy way th' women iv th' day smoke
of men, and depend on something cigareets. 'Tis true I niver see thim,
betther — but I see I must call you to but I don't have to preach about
a sense of your situation with the thim. Th' vice iv cigareet-smokin'
bottomless pit under you, and no is desthroyin' th' nation. In count-
roof over you. less cities, towns, villages, an' ham-
"Oh, dear, dear, dear, I'm ashamed lets in this unhappy land, wretched
of you-troth.1 If I had time and women ar-re bein' sthrangled an'
sthraw enough, I'd rather thatch the gettin' the smoke in their eyes fr'm
place myself than lose any time talk- these turr'ble inimies iv society. I
ing to you, sure the place is more* like know it f'r th' preachers tells me so.
a stable than a chapel. Oh, think of They was no cigareet smokin' in my
that! The house of God to be like a day. Th' varchous women iv me
stable! for though our Redeemer, in gin'ration, th' faithful wives, th'
his humility, was born in a stable, affectionate sisters, th' lovin' mothers,
that is no reason why you are to keep smoked pipes. Those were th' simple
his house in one." times, an' thrue. I raymimber seein'
He proceeded to read the list of th' vin'rable mothers iv fam'lies settin'
subscribers and the amount given by around th' open fire which sildom
each, awarding due praise to those wud burn an' hittin' up their Tittle
who had given what they were able, clays while they discussed th' rooma-
and scolding those who had been tism that was so common in the
niggardly in their donations. merry days now past. How much
The required sum was raised and betther it wud be to see thim, instead
the chapel repaired. iv runnin' home to smoke a little
These bitter lines as an epitaph on cigareet secretly out th' window, get
a "bad pay" were written by a on a sthreet car, haul a dhudeen out
Dublin medical wit of high repute: iv th' shoppin' bag, fill it up with
kinikinick an' get a light fr'm the
"Here lies O'Grady, that cantankerous conductor."
Who'STs 'all must pay. the debt of nature; T1\e character of the Irish people
But, keeping to his general maxium still, has been to some extent misrepre-
Paid it — like other debts — against his will." sented, as ludicrous, full of brogue
and blunder. On the contrary, they
We are all familiar with Peter F. are by no means inferior in any respect
Dunne's writings. An uneducated to the people of any nation. Per-
Irishman, Mr. Dooley by name, gives haps their most pronounced traits are
his opinion on current events and their cordiality and hospitality, which
customs to his friend, Mr. Hennessey, proceed from a warm heart.
Underlying the exaggeration, ludi- Many of our brightest, most intel-
crousness, and seeming ignorance of lectual people trace their descent
Mr. Dooley's remarks is much tren- back to one of Erin's children,
chant sense. I quote the following We cannot fail to see what a prom-
from "Mr. Dooley on Card Playing inent element the Irish have become
among Women" (this paragraph in the political life of our great cities,
treats of smoking). "I didn't read and they will be in the future an
what ye'er good friend said, but I important factor in our national life,
know what he said just th' same. They are just as patriotic citizens
He's sure women ar-re not what as we are, for they are Americans too,
they were. An' no more they ar-re. though a few generations nearer the
Th' women I see to-day ar-re not Old World than we.
FAITH FOREVER
By Stewart Everett Rowe
Oft' times this world is dark and drear to me
And life. does not seem hardly worth the while;
Death's unknown darkness seems to lure, beguile
And tempt me oft' to solve its mystery.
But then I feel that, after all, may be
This world is not so bad, and later on
Life's daiksome night will lift — life's day will dawn-
And all my clouds of doubt will fade and flee!
I can but feel that all is for the best,
And that the right will surely win at last;
I can but feel that when I'm laid at rest
My sorrows and my griefs will all be past;
And so, within my troubled, aching breast,
My heart with hope and love for all beats fast!
THE MOUNTAIN VOICE
From the German of Heine, by Ellen M. Mason
A knight rode through the mountain vale,
At pace so sad but brave:
'Ah! ride I to my love's embrace?
Or ride I to the grave? "
The voice answer gave:
"To the dark grave! "
Still onward rode the knight,
Sore sorrow in his heart;
"Must I sink in the grave so soon? —
Ah, well, the grave is rest."
Echoed the low voice blest;
"The grave is rest! "
The horseman dried away his tears,
That told of pain he could not quell;
"If in the grave be rest for me.
The grave will make all well! "
Echoed in bell-like swell
"All will be well."
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
DR. JAMES A. LEET
James A. Leet, M. D., a prominent phy-
sician of Grafton County, long practising
in Enfield, died at the hospital in Hanover,
after a long illness, November 11, 1911.
He was born in Claremont, April 12, 1855,
the son of George H. and Sarah F. Leet. He
was the youngest of three sons who were of
the seventh generation from Gov. William
Leet of Connecticut. He was educated in
the public schools, studied medicine three
years with Dr. O. B. Way of Claremont,
spent a year at the Taunton, Mass., hospital,
and graduated from the Dartmouth Medical
School in 1883. He located in practice first
in Marlboro, but soon removed to Enfield,
where he continued. He was eminently
successful in tyhoid fever treatment, and was
for many years the physician for the Enfield
Shakers.
He was a member of the Methodist Church
at Enfield and active in its affairs; a Mason
and an Odd Fellow, being specially prominent
in the latter order. He married in 1884, Miss
Jennie Farnum of Claremont, who survives.
He also leaves one brother, Dr. George E.
Leet of Concord.
HON. BENJAMIN M. FERNALD
Benjamin Marvin Fernald, a native of
Somersworth, N. H., born February 14, 1847,
died at his home in Melrose, Mass., October
30, 1911.
He was educated at Phillips Exeter Acad-
emy and Harvard University, graduating
from the latter in 1870. He studied law with
Judge Joseph F. Wiggin of Maiden, (formerly
of Exeter) was admitted to the bar in 1873,
and immediately formed a partnership with
his tutor, in Boston practice, which continued
for many years. He had for some years past
been an Associate Justice of the Maiden
district court, and was prominent in the
affairs of Melrose.
He was a Republican in politics and served
on the city and state committees of his party.
He represented Melrose in the Massachusetts
legislature in 1881 and 1882 and was a
member of the State Senate in 1891 and 1892.
For three years past he had been Associate
Justice of the Maiden District Court. He
was a prominent Mason, a member of the
Middlesex Club and of the Melrose Congre-
gational church.
In 1874 Judge Fernald married Miss Grace
Fuller of Cambridge, who survives him with
two daughters, Misses Ethel and Margaret
Fernald of Melrose.
DR. DAVID P. GOODHUE
David P. Goodhue, M. D., long a successful
medical practitioner in the town of Springfield,
died at his home there, November 5, 1911.
He was the youngest son of Jacob and
Mary Goodhue of Dunbarton, born in that
town January 10, 1838. His family removed,
in his childhood, to Wilmot, and later to
Boscawen where he attended the Elmwood
Institute. At the age of 21 •he commenced
the study of medicine with Dr. E. H. Webster
of Boscawen. He attended medical lectures
at the University of Vermont and Dartmouth
Medical College, receiving his degree at the
latter in 1863, and continuing his studies in
Philadelphia. He served as Acting Assistant
Surgeon in the U. S. Navy from January, 1864,
to October, 1865, and in February, 1866,
bought the practice of Dr. Valentine Manahan
in Springfield where he remained through
life, winning universal respect and esteem
as a skilled and devoted practitioner and a
worthy and public spirited citizen. Politi-
cally he was a staunch Democrat. He held
numerous town and county offices, including
those of representative, member of the school
board, town clerk and county auditor. He
was a member, and had been president of the
Center District and the New Hampshire
Medical Societies and of the Sullivan County
Medical and Surgical Society, and was a
member of the U. S. Board of examining
surgeons at Newport.
On November 14, 1867, he was united in
marriage with Abbie J. Davis of Springfield.
Four children were born to them, of whom
two — David H. and Libbie A. — survive, with
their mother.
LORENZO W. DOW
Lorenzo W. Dow, a native of that part of
the town of Meredith now Laconia, born
July 27, 1815, but who had lived in Somer-
ville, Mass., for the last seventy years, died
at his home in the Clarendon Hill District
of that city January 5, 1912.
Mr. Dow was a farmer, with a large
holding in the Clarendon Hill region, when he
built the house in which he died, nearly sixty
years ago. At that time there were only
two other houses on the hill, but one store
in town, and a wide expanse of farm land
met the eye in every direction. Many years
ago the building boom had enabled him to
. dispose of most of his land at large profit,
but in the midst of the city he continued the
simple habits of farm life, after long experience
as the largest market gardener in Middlesex
County. He was universally known as
" Honest Ware Dow " and the "Grand Old Man
of Clarendon Hill." He is survived by two
sons — Walter A. and Henry Ware Dow.
THOMAS S. PULSIFER
Thomas Scott Pulsifer, a leading citizen
of Campton and one of the most widely known
agriculturists of Grafton County died at his
home in that town, November 20, 1911.
New Hampshire Necrology
31
He was a son of Maj. John and Polly
(Palmer) Pulsifer, born on the farm where
he resided through life, April 5, 1825. This
farm had been held in the family since its
original settlement by Joseph Pulsifer from
Ipswich, Mass., in 1781.
Mr. Pulsifer was educated at the district
school and Plymouth Academy. He was
eminently successful as a "mixed farmer"
even raising the wheat for his family flour,
until within the last few years, but giving
particular attention to dairying, the excel-
lence of his products, both butter and cheese,
being unsurpassed in the state.
He was an earnest Republican in politics,
had held all important town offices, represented
Campton in the legislature in 1865 and 1866,
and was a justice of the peace for 55 years.
He was prominent in the Grange, an active
member of the Congregational church and a
director of the Pemigewasset National Bank
at Plymouth.
He married, January 1, 1852, Hannah P.
Cook of Campton who died two years since.
One son, John M. Pulsifer, survives.
HON. OLIVER TAYLOR
Hon. Oliver Taylor, ex-mayor of Haverhill,
Mass., died in that city January 4, 1912.
He was a native of Atkinson, N. H., born in
1827, the son of Oliver and Lettice (Page)
Taylor. He attended Atkinson Academy,
and engaged for a time in farming, but
removed to Haverhill and engaged in the
grocery business in 1852, which he continued
for many years, but later went into the cloth-
ing trade with his brother, Levi, who was
Mayor of Haverhill in 1872 and 1873.
He was also engaged in the coal and lumber
business, in carriage manufacturing and
later in real estate, and was a director in
banking and other corporations. He was
a member of the Massachusetts legislature
in 1876 and 1877, serving on important
committees, and was elected Mayor of
Haverhill in 1903 and 1904, as a Republican,
with which party he was affiliated.
He married, November 12, 1857, Mary E.,
daughter of Samuel Fellows of Haverhill, who
survives, with several children.
JOHN BRADLEY PEASLEE, Ph.D.
John Bradley Peaslee, born in Plaistow,
September 3, 1841, died at Cincinnati, Ohio,
January 4, 1912.
He was the son of Robert and Harriet
(Willets) Peaslee, was educated in the public
schools of his native town and of Haverhill,
Mass., at Atkinson and Gilmanton academies
and at Dartmouth College, where he was
graduated in the class of 1863.
He went west with his classmate, Judge
Jonas Hutchinson, of Chicago, on recommen-
dation of Dr. Nathan Lord, president of
Dartmouth College, and was elected principal
of the North grammar school, Columbus,
Ohio. On October 3, 1864, he resigned his
position at Columbus, and went to Cincinnal i
to assume the duties of first assistant in the
third district school of that city. In 1867 he
was elected principal of the fifth district
school; in 1869, of the second intermediate
grammar school. In 1873, the ninth district
school was also placed under his charge. In
1874, he was elected superintendent of the
Cincinnati public schools and during his
twelve years' superintendence' inaugurated a
number of important reforms in the schools.
He was the originator of the ' ' School Arbor
day," and inaugurated the celebration of
"Authors' birthdays." He was clerk of the
court of Hamilton county, Ohio, for six and
one-half years; candidate for lieutenant gov-
ernor on the ticket with Governor Campbell,
trustee of Cincinnati University, Miami
University, and life member of the National
Educational association. He was the author
of many books, pamphlets and addresses; the
most popular being "Memory Gems" and
"Thoughts and Experiences in and out of
School."
JOHN G. W. COFRAN
John G. W. Cofran, Vice President of the
Hartford Fire Insurance Company, died at
Hartford, Conn., January 15, 1912.
He was born in Goshen, N. H., June 13,
1855, but spent his youth in the town of
Newport, where he lived with his mother
and obtained his early education. At the
age of nineteen he found employment in the
office of the Commercial Insurance Company
at San Francisco, Cal. In 1881 he became a
special agent of the Hartford Fire Insurance
Company. He was made associate manager
of the Pacific Coast department for that
company in 1886, and nine years later, be-
came assistant general agent of the western
department, with headquarters in Chicago.
In 1896 he became a general agent and in
December, 1909, was made vice president of
the company. He leaves a wife and one
sister, the latter living in Minneapolis.
SAMUEL S. RAND
Samuel Streeter Rand, a native of Ports-
mouth, but a long time resident and promi-
nent business man of Claremont, died at the
residence of his son, Fred D. Rand, in Ros-
lindale, Mass., January 15, 1912.
He was born June 1, 1819, and after he had
passed his school life, removed to Claremont,
where he was actively engaged for a long time
in the stove and tinware business. He was a
public-spirited citizen, and particularly active
in the affairs of the Universalis! Church
in Claremont, as well as in the Masonic
order, being a prominent member of Sulli-
van Commandery, K. T. Politically he was
a staunch Democrat. He retired from busi-
ness some years ago and made his home with
his son in Roslindale. Another son, Oscar B.
Rand of Claremont, also survives him.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
That the "political pot" will soon begin to
boil, in New Hampshire, regardless of the
situation in the country at large as regards
the next presidency, is manifest from the
fact that during the present month two men
have formally announced themselves as
candidates for election to the United States
Senate, to succeed Hon. Henry E. Burnham
of Manchester, who has announced his pur-
pose to retire from the office at the close of
his second full term, on the 4th of March,
1913. These are Henry F. Hollis of Concord,
Democrat, and Rosecrans W. Pillsbury of
Londonderry, Republican. Mr. Hollis has
been his party's candidate for Congressman
and Governor and has effectively championed
its cause on the stump in several campaigns.
Mr. Pillsbury has been prominent in the
legislature during several sessions, has been
an active aspirant for the gubernatorial
nomination and is the controlling proprietor
of the Manchester Union, the only morning
daily in the state. That there will be other
candidates in the field before the lists are
closed is not to be doubted. It is already
generally understood, indeed, and has been
for some time past, that Ex-Governor Henry
B. Quinby of Laconia, will be a candidate in
case the Republicans control the legislature,
and strong newspaper support is already
assured him. Governor Bass has also fre-
quently been spoken of in the same connec-
tion, but the general expectation now seems
to be that he will conclude to run for the
Governorship for another term and if success-
ful, seek to step from the executive chair into
the seat now occupied by Senator Gallinger
in 1915. Winston Churchill is also men-
tioned as a possible Republican candidate.
Nor is it likely that Mr. Hollis will have the
field entirely to himself, in case the November
election shall result in a Democratic majority
in the legislature — a situation by no means
impossible. Clarence E. Carr of Andover,
the gubernatorial candidate of his party in
the last two campaigns, is regarded by many
as a probable candidate in such contingency;
while Oliver E. Branch of Manchester, and
one or more of the present Democratic judges,
are by no means out of the question.
As the time for the election of delegates to
the forthcoming Constitutional Convention
approaches attention is being given, to some
extent, to the importance of judicious selec-
tion in that regard. The press is, very
generally, reminding the people that men
should be chosen for this important service
who can be depended upon to sink all other
considerations in the welfare of the State.
There is a general desire expressed that
partisanship be everywhere disregarded and
the best available men selected — men of
character and ability — who can be depended
upon to serve the state as their own honest
judgment shall dictate. If in a Republican
town or ward the best man is a Democrat,
his political affiliations should not rule him
out, and vice versa. A good example along
this line was furnished ten years ago when
William E. Chandler was the delegate chosen
in Ward 8, Concord — -one of the strongest
Democratic wards in the State.
The active campaign for the proposed
equal suffrage amendment to the Constitu-
tion, under the auspices of the N. H. Woman
Suffrage Association, was formally opened in
Nashua, Wednesday evening, January 24,
at a well attended meeting over which Gen.
Elbert Wheeler presided, and, following a
short address by Miss Mary N. Chase of
Andover, president of the State Association,
Rev. Ida C. Hultin of Sudbury, Mass., pre-
sented one of the ablest and most convincing
arguments in favor of woman's enfranchise-
ment ever heard in the State. Miss Chase
has been engaged for some days past in for-
warding the work in the lower part of the
State, and will speak in Bedford, February 1.
At the annual meeting of the New Hamp-
shire Board of Trade, held in Concord, Jan-
uary 18, Capt. Olin H. Chase of Newport,
president . of the Newport Board of Trade,
was chosen president in place of Ex-Gov.
N. J. Bachelder who has served for a number
of years past and positively refused to hold
the office longer. Captain Chase is an
enthusiastic board of trade worker, and will
efficiently further the work of the organiza-
tion. One new local board was admitted
to membership — that recently organized in
the town of Hillsborough.
Upon receipt of this first number of the
Granite Monthly for 1912, subscribers
should be reminded to examine their address
labels and see if the date thereon appears
satisfactory to all concerned:
HON. FRANKLIN WORCESTER
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 2
FEBRUARY, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 2
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
VIII
Hon. Franklin Worcester
By H. C. Pearson
At the formal, written request of
a large number of his neighbors and
friends, men who know him intimately
and hold him in high esteem, sec-
onded by many active and influential
members of the party in all sections
of the state, Hon. Franklin Wor-
cester of Hollis has announced himself
as a candidate for the Republican
nomination for governor of New
Hampshire. At this writing no op-
ponent has appeared in the field, and
it is the belief of Mr. Worcester's
friends and supporters that he so
unites in himself the best qualities
of both the "old" and the "new"
Republicanism that practically the
entire party may see in him an ideal
standard-bearer at this juncture of
political history.
Entitled on many accounts to a
place in any circle, however narrow,
of "Leaders of New Hampshire,"
it is especially fitting thai a brief
sketch of Mr. Worcester's life should
appear in this series at this time when
the eyes of the people of the state are
fastened upon him, upon his personal
qualities and upon his public record.
And, certainly, the more clearly these
may be made to appear in public
print, the more laudable and worthy
Mr. Worcester's present ambition
will be seen to be.
To trace aright from the beginning
the career of any public man it is
necessary, first, to consider the ele-
ments of heredity and environment;
and in the cate of Mr. Worcester
these lead at once into a historical
and genealogical study of deep inter-
est, fornis family is one of the oldest
in New England and the home in
which he dwells at Hollis has sheltered
his ancestors since 1750.
Rev. William Worcester came to
this country from England prior to
1640 and planted an American family
tree, whose wide-spreading branches
have borne many notable divines,
lawyers, scholars and soldiers. It
was his great-grandson, Rev. Francis
Worcester, who removed from Massa-
chusetts to New Hampshire in 1750.
The youngest son of Francis, Noah,
was one of the Hollis "Committee of
Observation" at the beginning of the
Revolutionary War, and when Paul
Revere's alarm call sounded across
the state line he was one of the Hollis
company that reported in Cambridge
the next day, as rapid mobilization
of troops as would be possible today.
He was a captain in the Continental
army a little later with 42 Hollis men
in his company. One of his sons,
Noah, Jr., was the fifer, and another.
Jesse, took part, when fifteen years
of age, in the march on Ticonderoga.
Jesse had nine sons, six of whom
graduated from Yale or Harvard
College and another died as he was
about to enter Dartmouth. One of
them was Joseph E. Worcester, the
world-famous lexicographer. Another
was the late Congressman Samuel T.
34 The Granite Monthly
Worcester of Ohio. A third was John one of the leading firms in Minneap-
Newton Worcester of Hollis, member olis, Minnesota, and went there for
of the executive councils of Gover- that purpose. Returning home to
nors Berry and Haile, and of his nine arrange for sending his effects west,
children are the three successful busi- he was prevailed upon by his parents
ness men and prominent citizens, to remain with them and to give up
the Worcester Brothers of today, the law for business pursuits.
Samuel Augustus, Frederick and In these he always has been success-
Franklin Worcester. ful, individually and in connection
In the pages of that delightful book with his brothers. He carries on a
about Hollis, "My Cranford," by large farm at Hollis; has been and is-
the late Arthur Gilman, these gentle- an extensive lumber operator; and
men appear frequently as "the Cheery- is a partner with his brothers in a
ble Brothers," a characterization whose furniture and upholstery business at
aptness can be fully appreciated only Cambridge, Mass., employing many
by those who know well both Dickens people. As a man of affairs Mr.
and the Worcesters. Worcester's long career has shown him
Franklin Worcester, the youngest to be keen, practical, sagacious and
of the children of John Newton and sensible. He knows every detail of
Sarah E. (Holden) Worcester, was the operations he conducts and i&
born in Hollis on October 27, 1845. able, and willing, on occasion, to step
After attending the town schools he in and do the work of any one_of his
prepared for college at Appleton employees. And it is almost needless
Academy in New Ipswich and entered to say, in a New Hampshire maga-
Dartmouth in the fall of 1866. He zine, that he always has upheld the
graduated from that institution in family honor; that his word ever has
1870, receiving the degree of Bachelor been as good as his bond,
of Arts and being one of a notable Mr. Worcester's active participa-
class of fifty members including also tion in public affairs was so natural
such men as Bishop Talbot of the as to be almost inevitable. Begin-
Episcopal church; President Brown ning with his home town, he has been
of the General Theological Seminary, zealous all his life for its best interests,
Mr. Worcester's senior year room- social and material. He led in the
mate; Professor Boss, the astronomer; movement for the establishment of a
the late Ballard Smith, the journalist; public library, contributed person-
Major Irving W. Drew of the New ally the major share of its initial
Hampshire bar; Judge John H. Hardy cost and has served it faithfully as
of Massachusetts, and many other trustee. For almost forty years he
wellknown names. has been identified with the educa-
In this connection it is quite re- tional interests of Hollis at first as
markable to note that while the state superintendent of schools and later
of New Hampshire takes great pride as chairman of the board of education,
in her Dartmouth College she has The town's heaviest tax payer, his
not elected a graduate of the Hanover voice and influence have been given
institution to be her governor since in all things to make a healthy, happy
Hon. Moody Currier of Manchester and handsome Hollis. The commodi-
was chosen to the office in 1884. ous Cranford Inn, one of the town's
At the time of his graduation from most useful ornaments, is his property
college Mr. Worcester's tastes in- and is only one of several local monu-
clined towards the legal profession ments to his public spirit,
andhf entered the Harvard law school, In 1877 and again in 1878 he rep-
doing its two years' work in one year, resented the town in the state house
He passed the state bar examinations of representatives, and in the latter
in Middlesex county, Massachusetts, year was chairman of the Committee
but intended to begin practice with on Agricultural College and instru-
Hon. Franklin Worcester
35
mental in securing for that institution
a liberal appropriation. He also of-
fered and secured the passage of the
first law allowing towns to transport
pupils to school at the public expense,
thus making possible the consolidation
and grading of country schools and
initiating a public policy in this regard
now fully established.
Ten years later he was elected to
the state senate for the fifteenth dis-
trict and was made chairman of the
whose biography, by the way, has
been written by Mr. Worcester, the
late Dexter Richards, Nathan ( '.
Jameson and Edward H. Gilman, to
name no more.
Mr. Worcester's position as to the
chief subject of consideration at that
session was based upon his belief
that New Hampshire needed devel-
opment, on several lines, but especially
as to railroad service; and this belief
he put into personal action by secur-
Residence of Hon. Franklin Worcester, Hollis, N. H.
committee on railroads in the upper
branch of the legislature. That was
the longest and most famous session
of the legislature in New Hampshire's
history, and, as is well known even
to younger generations, its chief issue
was railroads. Senator Worcester's
important part in the deliberations of
the session was a creditable one and
he was of conspicuous influence even
in that unusually able body which
included such men as Frank D. Cur-
rier, now Member of Congress, Ezra
S. Stearns, later secretary of state,
Leonard A. Morrison, the historian,
ing for the people after a struggle a
charter for the Brookline railroad.
Then he went before the railroad
commissioners of Massachusetts and
secured a charter for the Brook-
line and Pepperell railroad. He was
chosen president of both corporations
and afterwards in connection with
Thomas S. Hittinger built both roads,
as also in 1893 the Brookline and Mil-
ford road. And of the extension of
the Milford road to Manchester he
was an early and enthusiastic pro-
moter against determined and dis-
couraging opposition. To the best
36
The Granite Monthly
of his ability he fought the unwise
policy of allowing consolidation by
competing roads.
It was his desire for real progress
of and in New Hampshire that led
Mr. Worcester to enter the field in
1898 as a candidate for the Republican
gubernatorial nomination. The New
Hampshire Development Association,
in which United States Senator Wil-
liam E. Chandler, Governor Charles
A. Busiel, Professor Jeremiah W.
Sanborn, and others, were leading
spirits, urged him to stand for the
office on a platform of "legislative
reforms and state progress unhampered
by ancient methods and special privi-
leges," and he consented.
The interests which had opposed
Mr. Worcester in his Milford and
Manchester project labored hard and
with final success to encompass his
defeat in the nominating convention,
but as the Concord Evening Monitor
of September 13, 1898, said edito-
rially: "The Honorable Franklin
Worcester made a good fight for the
nomination for governor. He fought
fairly and lost honorably . He made
friends even among his opponents."
This last statement is verified after
the lapse of years by the fact that
some of the leaders in the opposition
to Mr. Worcester's candidacy in 1898
are now among his strong supporters
for the governorship and that they
point to his fair and manly conduct
at that time as one of the reasons for
their present position.
While in the intervening years Mr.
Worcester has not been a candidate
for public office he has retained a
lively and active interest in the affairs
of state and nation and the support
of his advice and influence have been
highly appreciated by those who have
led a successful advance along the
lines of progress and reform.
Of fine appearance, engaging cour-
tesy and attractive personality,
Franklin Worcester sets for himself
the same high standard in personal
rectitude and in official duty, in
private life and in public position.
He is straightforward and prompt
in thought and action, clear and con-
cise in written and spoken word. A
man of birth, breeding, culture and
high social position, he is at the same
time a true democrat in tastes and
habits, a glad companion and true
friend of the people, a willing and
potent co-worker with them.
In connection with Mr. Worcester's
present prominence in the public eye
the following self-explanatory letters
give a view of the existing political
situation which require no additional
comment.
Nashua, N. H.,
November 10, 1911.
Hon. Franklin Worcester,
Hollis, N. H.
Dear Mr. Worcester: —
Your neighbors and friends, remembering
your loyalty and service to the Republican
party, and having in mind the welfare of the
state, have been considering asking you to
become the Republican candidate for gover-
nor at the next election. You are aware that
our party has been somewhat divided for
several years as to its policies in this State.
These divisions have endangered, and will
continue to endanger its success. They
should cease, that we in New Hampshire majr
in 1912, as we have ever since 1856, cast the
electoral vote of the state for the Republican
candidate for president. To insure victory
we need a candidate for governor upon whom
all loyal Republicans can unite in enthusias-
tic support.
If the policies of which you were one of
the earliest exponents did not immediately
triumph, you have ever had confidence that
the party of Lincoln, Gran^, McKinley, Roose-
velt, and Taft would live up to its honored tra-
ditions and meet new issues as it has those
of the past, courageously and successfully.
Consequently you have been content to con-
tend within the party for those principles
that you believe to be for the best interest of
the state and nation.
In the opinion of those who know you best,
the time has come when the party may fit-
tingly acknowledge its obligations to you.
Furthermore, from inquiries made by your
friends, we feel sure that your candidacy at
this time will meet with favor from all Repub-
licans who believe in the principles of the
party and who desire its success.
We therefore ask you to permit us to
formally present you as a candidate for the
Republican nomination for Governor of New
Hampshire.
Very truly yours,
F. W. Estabrook,
And 200 others.
Hon. Franklin Worcester
37
Hollis, N. H.,
November 25, 1911.
Hon. F. W. Est ab rook,
Nashua, N. H.
Dear Sir: —
After reading many letters received from
prominent men within the party, and glancing
over the names of two hundred men living
in this vicinity who signed your request that
I should consider and allow my name to be
presented at the primaries next September
as a gubernatorial candidate of the Republi-
can party of New Hampshire, I note many
prominent men among them who were identi-
fied in forming and organizing the Republi-
can party, laying the foundations on the
bedrock of freedom and equality before the
law, also many who fought valiantly during
the whole contest for the preservation and
integrity of the Union, as well as many friends
and neighbors. Such a request takes near
the form of a command which I should hesitate
to disobey should a like sentiment prevail
throughout the state. But I must be the
candidate of the Republican party united and
strong, declaring that Republicanism em-
bodies progressiveness and that all questions
must be decided on merit regardless of party
interests, that in the future we should be
known as Republicans, acting unitedly and
zealously for the best interest of the state and
nation, and no longer known as "progres-
sives" "reaetionar'.e-i," or ''insurgents": that
at the proper time a platform embodying the
principles of the Republican party should be
submitted to the electors for their consider-
ation and approval.
Please accept my assurance of the high
appreciation of the honor conveyed, which
comes more forcibly to me as it was your
voluntary act after considering what yovi
thought to be for the best interest of the state.
And since it comes with no implied obligation
of any kind to any individual or factions and
thus leaves me free to act conscientiously
and in accordance with my conviction of duty
in considering any proposition that might,
come before me, in that spirit I would con-
sider it and in that spirit only.
Very respectfully yours,
Franklin Worcester.
Hollis, N. H.,
January :^0, 1912.
To the Republicans of New Hampshire:
When recently some two hundred Repub-
licans of Hillsborough Count}', mostly my
neighbors and friends, requested me to be a
candidate for governor of our state, I said in
a communication to Mr. Estabrook of Nashua
I would do so if the Republicans generally
throughout the state appeared to favor my
candidacy.
In the interval very many active members
of the party in all parts of New Hampshire
have conferred with me and the movement
seems so general and substantial that I now
announce my candidacy for the Republican
nomination for governor.
I think I have the right to appeal to all
members of the party to which we belong to
give me their support at the primary.
Republican principles as they have been
set forth in our state and national platforms,
I have always believed in as a consistent mem-
ber of the party and during all the period in
which I have had the right to cast a ballot,
the place of which has always been the State
of New Hampshire, I have never failed to
support its nominees.
It is well known that some years ago in
common with others I believed certain reforms
should be instituted in political affairs of the
state and in and out of the. legislature I gave
my sincere support to bring, about those
changes that now are accomplished.
What the Republican party has done in
New Hampshire in the past few years is
fully abreast of its long record of achieve-
ment in state and nation. With such a past
we can courageously face the coming problems .
We shall neither step backward nor down.
I believe in the doctrine of a sound currency •>
in adequate protection to the industries of
our state; in liberal legislation for the labor-
ing classes and the soldiers, and in such other
measures as will promote the welfare and hap-
piness of our people. The patriotic admin-
istration of President Taft I most cordially
endorse. Under great embarrassments, I be-
lieve he has tried faithfully to carry out the
principles of the Republican party and to give
to the country a wise and economical admin-
istration.
If nominated and elected to be governor
of the State of New Hampshire, I promise to
give to the conduct of public affairs the full
measure of my ability and especially to direct
my efforts so that the business of the state
shall be conducted as economically and pru-
dently as is consistent with the demands and
requirements of our day and time.
(Signed)
Franklin Worcester.
SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
A NOTABLE OCCASION
Seventy-Fifth Anniversary of the South Congregational Church,
Concord
By An Occasional Contributor
On Sunday, February 4, the South
•Congregational Church of Concord,
celebrated the seventy-fifth anni-
versary of its organization by appro-
priate exercises, the day being selected
as the Sunday nearest the precise
date of the organization of the church
and the dedication of its first house
of worship, the same having occurred
on February 1, 1837. The society,
however, had been organized in 1835 —
May 16 — and the construction of the
edifice carried out the following year.
This first house of worship occupied
the lot at the corner of Main and
Pleasant Streets where the Aquilla
Block now stands, which site had
been acquired at a cost of $1,200,
and upon which a suitable building
was erected at a further expenditure
of $8,800, making the total, $10,000.
In 1859 this first church edifice was
destroyed by fire, and in the following-
year the present spacious building was
erected, on the site of the residence
of the late Hon. William A. Kent, in
which Daniel Webster as well as
General Lafayette had been enter-
tained and wherein Ralph Waldo Em-
erson was married. The new build-
ing was dedicated, November 27, 1860.
Its total cost, together with the adja-
cent chapel was about $25, COO. Va-
rious alterations and improvements
have been made at different times,
the most important being in 1896 when
a new chapel of enlarged capacity
and ample equipment was erected,
making the church plant altogether
one of the largest, most conveniently
arranged and most complete in the
state, in all respects.
It is not the purpose of this article
to present a detailed history of the
church, or society, the same hav-
ing been presented in the Granite
Monthly for January, 1900, from the
pen of the late Maj. Henry McFar-
land, and incidental reference is made
merely in the line of introduction to a
brief mention of the anniversary
exercises above ief erred to, which
opened with the regular morning
service, wrhich wras largely attended,
the spacious audience room being
filled to its capacity, representatives
of nearly all other churches in town
being present with the regular wor-
shippers.
The sermon was by Rev. Dr.
Harry P. Dewey, now of Plymouth
Church, Minneapolis, who was pastor
of this church from 1887 till 1900,
his text being from John 1:4, "In
Him was life and the life was the light
of men." It was an eloquent and
masterly effort, well worthy the repu-
tation of the preacher as one of the
foremost exponents of the "new
theology" which makes the ultimate
triumph of the Master the corner-
stone of its faith.
At 4:30 p. in., holy communion
was observed with Dr. Dewey and
the pastor, Rev. Ashley Day Leavitt,
officiating; but the service in which
the general public took most interest
was that at 7:30 o'clock in the even-
ing, when a general invitation was
extended, and several speakers were
heard. At this service the pastor
presided, opening with appropriate
words of greeting on his owtl behalf,
and introducing, successively, in most
happily chosen words, Rev. George
H. Reed, D.D., who brought greeting
from the old North or Mother Church;
Rev. Edward A. Tuck of West
Concord, who spoke for the sister
Congregational churches; Rev. John
Vannevar, D.D., of the Universalist
Church and president of the Concord
40
The Granite Monthly
Ministerial Union, speaking for the
other Protestant Churches of the
city; Rev. Charles E. Harrington,
pastor of the church from 1878 to
1882, and the Rev. Dr. Dewe> , who,
as in the morning, was heard with
deep interest by all present, as were,
indeed, all the speakers. A most
interesting and appreciative letter
by a parish reunion and reception,
to the pastor and wife and Dr. and
Mrs. Dewey, to which the clergymen
of the city were invited, and which
many attended.
It may be proper to add that the
South Congregational Church of Con-
cord is one of the largest and most
prosperous of the denomination in
Reverend Harry P. Dewey, D. D.
was also read from Rev. Dr. Edwin
W. Bishop, now of the First Congre-
gational Church at Grand Rapids,
Michigan, who was the pastor from
Dr. Dewey's resignation in 1900 till
1908. The exercises of the evening
were interspersed with appropriate
music.
The anniversary observances were
fittingly concluded Monday evening
the state, as well as one of the most
tolerant and progressive. It ranks
with the Franklin Street Church of
Manchester, the First Congregational
Church of Keene and the First Parish
Church of Dover, and is exceeded
materially in membership only by the
First or Hanover Street Church of
Manchester. The parish list includes
over 1,000 names; the church member-
REVEREND ASHLEY DAY LEAVITT
42
The Granite Monthly
ship numbers 446; and the number
enrolled in the Sunday School is
316. The current expenses of the
church, society and auxiliary bodies
for the last year, including $5,000
for repairs, amounted to over $12,500
while the amount of the various
benevolences brought the total expen-
diture up to nearly $40,000, including
individual gifts. The church has a
permanent fund now amounting to
$12,800, the interest of which only can
be used.
Rev. Ashley Day Leavitt.
The present pastor of the South
Congregational Church was born in
Chicago, 111., October 10, 1877, the
son of Rev. B. F. and Lucina (Day)
Leavitt now residing in East Bos-
ton, Mass. He removed with his
parents to Massachusetts when in
his fourteenth year, and received his
preparatory education in the public
schools of Greater Boston, graduating
at the Cambridge Latin School, from
which he entered Yale University,
graduating A.B., from the latter
institution in 1900. He studied divin-
ity at the Hartford Theological Sem-
inary, from which he graduated with
the B.D. degree in 1900. He was
assistant pastor of the South Church
of Hartford in 1903-04, and pastor
of the Congregational Church at
Willimantic, Conn., 1904-08, whence
he was called to his present pastorate,
being installed therein May 12, 1908.
He has already won high rank among
the preachers of the state, and has
proved a worthy successor in a long
line of able and distinguished pastors.
Mr. Leavitt, although born in the
Middle West, and educated elsewhere,
is a New Hampshire man by descent,
on both the paternal and maternal
sides, his father being a grandson of
Dr. Roswell Leavitt, an early settler
and long time medical practitioner
in the town of Cornish, and his mother
a daughter of Sewell Day of Nelson,
and a native of that town. His
grandfather, Erasmus Day Leavitt,
settled in Lowell, Mass., and had
five sons, three of whom including
Burke Fay, father of Mr. Leavitt,
entered the ministry.
As would be expected in view of his
ancestry, Mr. Leavitt is strongly
interested in New Hampshire and
all that pertains to its welfare, and, as
the pastor of one of its leading
churches, whose membership includes
a large number of active represen-
tative men and women, by whom he
is held in high esteem as well as by the
community at large, he is doubtless
destined to exercise a strong influence
for good upon the future of the com-
monwealth.
He is a close student and a ready,
vigorous and incisive speaker, who
never fails to arouse interest and com-
mand attention.
Mr. Leavitt married, September 7,
1904, Miss Myrtle R. Hart of Hart-
ford, Conn. They have one child —
Hart D. Leavitt.
A RETIRED VETERAN
Hon. Edward E. Parker Leaves the Hillsborough County
Probate Bench
By H. H. Metcalf
The legal and orderly distribution
of the estates of deceased persons,
which the Courts of Probate have in
hand, is surpassed in importance by
no other function of judicial power.
It surpasses all others in fact, so far
as the magnitude of the financial in-
terests involved is concerned. Such
being the case, it is not to be won-
dered that care is almost invariably
taken to select men of sound judg-
ment, well balanced mind, and good
legal training for Judges of Probate
in the various counties of our own
and other states.
In the county of Hillsborough, the
largest and most populous in the state,
nine men, in all, have held the office
of judge of probate during the last
one hundred years, all being men of
first-class ability. These have been
John Harris of Hopkinton, Clifton
Claggett and Edmund Parker of Am-
herst, Luke Woodbury of Antrim,
William C. Clarke, David Cross, Lu-
cien B. Clough and Henry E. Burn-
ham of Manchester and Edward E.
Parker of Nashua.
Judge Harris served from 1812 to
1823, when Merrimack County was
constituted, largely from towns in the
northern portion of Hillsborough, of
which Hopkinton, in which he re-
sided, was one; Judge Claggett from
1823 to 1829; Judge Edmund Parker
from 1829 to 1836; Judge Woodbury
from 1836 to 1851; Judge Clarke
from 1851 to 1856; Judge Cross from
1856 to 1874; Judge Clough from
1874 to 1876; Judge Burnham from
1876 to 1879, and Judge Edward E.
Parker from June 3, 1879 to January
7, 1912, when he was retired by vir-
tue of the constitutional limitation as
to age, having completed his seven-
tieth year on the latter date. Of the
two living predecessors of Judge
Parker — Judges Cross and Burnham —
the former served a longer term than
any other, eighteen years, while Judge
(now United States Senator) Burnham
held the office but three years.
Edward Everett Parker was born
in the town of Brookline, January
7, 1842, the son of James and Deverd
ancestor of the name settled in Tyngs-
(Corey) Parker. His first American
boro, Mass., about 1660, and his
grandfather was one of the first set-
tlers of Brookline, and represented
that town in the legislature in the Rev-
olutionary period. Prudence (Cum-
mings) Wright, wife of David Wright
of Pepperell, Mass., who led the band
of patriotic women who arrested Col.
Leonidas Whiting, the tory leader, at
Jewett's Bridge, on the morning after
the Battle of Lexington, on his way
from Canada with dispatches for the
British at Boston, was his maternal
great-grandmother.
Judge Parker received his early
education in the public schools and at
Phillips-Exeter and Appleton (Mont
Vernon) Academies. In 1863 he en-
listed in the navy, serving as yeo-
man on the brig, Perry, from August,
1863, till October, 1864. Returning
home he determined to pursue a col-
lege course, completed his prepara-
tion for the same at Colby Academy,
New London, entered Dartmouth and
graduated in the class of 1869. He
was the centennial poet at the com-
mencement exercises of that year.
Following his graduation he was
principal of the Warrensburg (N. Y.)
Academy one year, and was, later,
principal of the Wareham and Midle-
boro (Mass.) academies, but, deciding
to pursue the study of law, he en-
Hon. Edward E. Parker
A Retired Veteran
45
tered upon the same in an office at
Warrensburg, N. Y., coining thence
to the office of the late Gen. Aaron F.
Stevens of Nashua in 1871, where he
continued his studies until his ad-
mission to the bar at the August term
of court at Amherst in 1873. Imme-
diately after admission he became a
partner with General Stevens, in legal
practice continuing until his appoint-
ment as Judge of Probate, in June,
1879, meanwhile serving as city solic-
itor in 1876-77.
During his term of service, cover-
ing nearly a third of a century,
Judge Parker necessarily transacted a
greater volume of business than any
other probate judge in the history of
the state, his being the longest term
in the largest and most populous
county. Moreover, his administra-
tion was universally satisfactory, be-
ing characterized by thorough knowl-
edge of the law, a fine sense of justice
and absolute independence, so that
there was general regret throughout
the county when he was obliged by
constitutional limitation to separate
himself from the work for which he was
so well equipped and in which he had
performed such admirable service.
While faithfully attending to the
important duties of his office Judge
Parker has rendered valuable service
in other directions. He has taken a
deep interest in the cause of educa-
tion and served three terms as a mem-
ber of the Nashua school board. He
has also been for many years, and
still is, a member of the board of
trustees of the Nashua Public Li-
brary. Since 1900 he has been a
member of the board of directors of
the Indian Head National Bank. He
is a Free Mason, a member of Rising
Sun Lodge of Nashua, but was ini-
tiated in Benevolent Lodge of Mil-
ford, in 1868. He is also a Knight of
Pythias, but has been more active
and prominent in the Grand Army of
the Republic than in any other fra-
ternal organization. He is a past
commander of John G. Foster Post
of Nashua, also of the New Hamp-
shire Department, holding the latter
position in 1903, and has twice served
as judge advocate general on the staff
of the commander-in-chief.
Judge Parker married, December
20, 1877, Miss Alice Prince Ham-
mond, daughter of the late Evan B.
and Sarah Ann (Adams) Hammond
of Nashua. They have two daugh-
ters— Rena Deverd, born November
23, 1878, and Edna Alice, December
13, 1880. The former who graduated
from Wellesley College in 1901, and
Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, in 1907, is a
teacher in the Boston High School of
Practical Arts, and the latter a grad-
uate of Mt. Holyoke College, class of
1903, in the Manchester (Mass.) high
school.
Judge Parker is a man of fine lit-
erary tastes, and is endowed with poet-
ical talent of no mean order. He has
written many occasional poems of
merit, and the productions of his pen
frequently appearing in the public
press, have always been read with
interest. His most important liter-
ary work, however, was performed as
editor of the large and comprehensive
history of the city of Nashua, issued
a few years since, to which he gave
much time and labor.
RETROSPECTION
By Frank Monroe Beverly
Ah, well do I remember that evening long ago
When Ina Belle smiled sweetly, with love-lit cheeks aglow;
And she for me was smiling — such smiles could she bestow!
Her thoughts with mine were mingling, for something told me so.
46 The Granite Monthly
'Twas at her father's husking, a pleasant autumn time;
Anon we sang by snatches, then quoted bits of rhyme,
And some by fits grew clownish and deigned to play the mime;
Then came the girls all laughter, with festive words to chime.
'Twas red ears won; the prizes were lasses' cheeks to kiss;
To whom the Fates proved kindly would come the longed-for bliss,
And if red lips were sweeter, no lass could prove remiss —
The world seemed fair, celestial — no sweeter boon than this.
Fair Ina Belle, beside me, then sat in girlish glee,
And oh, her eyes so softly she ever turned to me!
And for an ear vermilion I prayed "the powers that be,"
When one from out its hiding I drew as pearl from sea.
I looked; I saw her blushing — by lantern's light 'twas plain,
But Spartan-like she met me; my lips did she enchain,
And did I to the blissful from grosser things attain —
'Twas bliss the gods enjoy and mortals seldom gain.
By ten, the heap, once massive, was but an empty space,
And in the bin stored safely the corn was in its place;
Then to the feast of harvest! The parson said his grace,
And we his "table comforts" did satingly embrace.
Then out beside the doorway, half hidden from the light,
I stood and gazed at Luna — she'd climbed a dizzy height —
When Ina Belle came by me like airy fairy, slight,
And whispered me low, softly, "You'll not go home tonight."
But Tom would not excuse me, said he, "You'll have to go,
For ere I'd come you promised you would return, you know;
The way would be so lonely, the sprites would scare me so —
And now we're off, already — the late hours smaller grow.
'Twas thus the Fates did grip me, and evil was the hour;
Their purpose stern, relentless, and absolute their power;
I felt their clutches ruthless — my hopes they did devour,
And rang their heartless laughter — they'd snatched a priceless flower.
That night her love another, a gallant, sought and won —
Or so the world have it — the world was ill begun —
Some women have a nature that slights will brook from none,
And this per contra nature had left me thus undone.
But like a gentle flower, betouched by withering blast,
From all things cold and earthly, with broken heart she passed,
For preying on her vitals some fiend had held her fast,
And over friends and kindred a pall of sadness cast.
But lo! her gentle spirit back from Lethean lands;
Again it is embodied, and as of yore it stands;
I see those brown eyes lovely — from o'er Time's changing sands;
I fancy she remembers the red ear in my hands.
A STRENUOUS VACATION TRIP
By Harry V. Lawrence
One Sunday morning in July, 1910,
the writer left Boston at 10 o'clock,
and arrived at Niagara Falls, N. Y.,
at midnight. By making the trip
during the day one can see the splen-
did scenery of the Berkshire Hills,
in western Massachusetts, the Erie
Canal, and many prosperous cities
of northern New York. In order to
make this trip during the day it wTas
necessary to change trains at Albany
and Buffalo. While riding through
Dalton, Mass., the home of United
night in this manner. It seems that
they send the power developed from
Niagara Falls all through the upper
part of New York state to light cities
and run cars. After a night's rest
at the International Hotel I started
out to "see the sights."
' The first place visited was Goat
Island, and then the trip in the little
steamer "Maid of the Mist" was
made, after the passengers had put
on the rubber coats and hoods loaned
by the steamboat company. When
In the Berkshires, Western Massachusetts \
States Senator Crane, I had my
luncheon in the dining car and did not
get another meal until Niagara Falls
was reached, at midnight, as the din-
ing car was taken off our train at Syra-
cuse, N, Y.
On arriving at Niagara Falls I
was very much surprised to find the
main street in the city all lighted up
with electric lights strung across the
street in a series of arches. On
inquiring of a citizen about this well
lighted street, I was informed that
power was so cheap in their city that
they kept this street lighted up all
our little steamer got under the Falls,
and I looked up at that deluge, I did
not doubt that 58,000 barrels of water
pass over the Falls every second and
100,000,000 tons every hour. Geol-
ogists claim that the Falls were orig-
inally at Lewiston Mountain, seven
miles below their present location,
and have been about 35,000 years
wearing to their present site. These
remarkable Falls are visited by over
1,000,000 people every year.
While we were on the little steamer
we could see a number of people mak-
ing their way across the bridge to
48
The Granite Monthly
visit the "Cave of the Winds" under
Niagara Falls. In the afternoon an
electric car was taken for the famous
trip on "The Great Gorge Route."
Many travelers claim this trip is the
finest of its kind in the world. The
trip is from Niagara Falls, N. Y.,
across a steel arch bridge to the Can-
adian side, Horseshoe Fall, Brock's
Monument, Queenston, across Sus-
pension Bridge to Lewiston, N. Y.,
thence through the gorge, passing-
Whirlpool Rapids, where Captain
Webb lost his life, and then back to
the starting point.
At 6.45 p. m. I took a ride to
Buffalo and spent the evening at
Between Niagara Falls and Lewiston
the leading vaudeville theatre in that
city. One of the women on the
stage would ask the audience to write
a question on a piece of paper, sign
their name to it, and she would give
the correct answer. While I was
Writing my question on a slip of paper,
a young lady seated next to my seat,
asked me if this woman would call
one's name out before the audience.
I immediately told her that I didn't
•care whether she called my name out
or not, as I was a stranger in Buffalo.
Before leaving this beautiful city I
had an opportunity to see the McKin-
ley Monument and the Temple of
Music.
At 10.45 p. m. I left Buffalo, on
an electric car, and arrived at my
hotel in Niagara Falls at midnight.
This car makes the 24 miles between
the cities in one hour and fifteen min-
utes. On inquiring of a citizen about
the fast time that car makes, I was
informed that one time it left the rails
and went through a butcher shop.
Tuesday morning I left Niagara
Falls and went to Lewiston, N. Y., on
"The Great Gorge Route," and
boarded the steamer "Chippewa"
bound for Toronto. On my way
down to Lewiston I saw a large beer
sign that was evidently meant for a
"take off" on a certain Milwaukee
concern. This enormous sign read
"The beer that made Milwaukee
jealous." Our steamer headed down
the Niagara River and passed Fort
George, Fort Missassauga, and Fort
Niagara on its way out into Lake
Ontario. After a beautiful thirty-
seven mile sail from Lewiston we
arrived in the harbor of Toronto, and
passed through the "Eastern Gap"
entrance. The strip of land lying
between the two gaps is called "Hia-
watha Island" and is a popular pleas-
ure ground. A large number of boys
were in swimming, and, on inquiring
about them I was informed that the
city sent the newsboys out there on
a little trip once a week during the
summer.
On arriving at the wharf in Toronto
we did not have to have our baggage
examined, as- this important duty
had been performed by the Canadian
officials at the wharf in Lewiston,
N. Y.
On leaving the "Chippewa" I left
my luggage at a checking room on
another wharf. This slight delay
caused me to lose the "seeing Toronto
car"; but the company's agent told
me to jump into one of their carriages
and they would try to catch the car
up town. They transferred me from
the carriage to an automobile and this
machine caught the big car about a
mile from the wharf. Some of the
passengers looked amused and others
disgusted, on account of our "hold
up" of their car. On this trip one
can see the Toronto Club, Board of
A Strenuous Vacation
49
Trade Building, St. Lawrence Mar-
ket, Cathedra] of St. James (the top
of the spire being 318 feet from the
ground, the highest on the continent
of America), General Post Office,
Ryrie Bros. — the largest jewelry store
in Canada,— the $3,000,000 City Hall
containing the largest winding clock
on the continent, its bell weighing
11,648 pounds; Metropolitan Church,
St. Michael's Hospital, St. Michael's
Cathedral, Bond Street Church, Holy
Blossom Synagogue, Normal School,
Allan Gardens — opened in 1860 by
the Prince of Wales, later King
Edward VII, — the Rosedale Bridges
loaded the "Belleville" to the limit.
About midnight I retired to the lower
berth in my stateroom, not having
the slightest idea who was to have
the upper berth. A short time after
I had retired, the door of my state-
room opened and I thought a giant
had entered the room. This young
man was one of the finest specimens
of manhood I had ever seen. He
had red cheeks, stood six feet four
inches, and weighed two hundred
and sixty. He informed me that he
was a "boss" on the "Grand Trunk"
and that he intended to take another
position in the northwestern part of
Parliament Buildings, Queen's Park, Toronto
130 feet above a charming glen,
Queen's Park, Victoria University,
The Parliament Buildings, Osgoode
Hall, the Lieutenant-Governor's
house, Royal Alexandra Theatre, and
Old St. Andrew's Church.
When I arrived in Toronto that
Tuesday afternoon I found I had run
right into the Grand Trunk railroad
strike. After a light meal at the
St. Charles Hotel, I boarded the
steamer "Belleville" for a sail of
one day and two nights on Lake
Ontario. Our steamer was loading
up with Grand Trunk freight and
passengers, and this freight proved
to be our "equilibrator," as they had
Canada. This man told me a great
deal about Canada's railroad laws,
and, after telling him not to break the
berth down over my head, we both
went to sleep. Judging from the
appearance of this man I don't think
he had any trouble in handling the
men who came under his authority.
All day Wednesday we touched
at the different Canadian towns on
the lake and some of us went up into
the main part of these towns to "see
the sights." At Belleville, Canada,
we had our dinner while we were tied
up to the wharf, and when we left
this town the citizens gave us a great
"send off" as we steamed out into the
50
The Granite Monthly
lake. It seemed to please them to
know that we were getting along so
well in spite of the "big strike."
Early Thursday morning we sailed
down the St. Lawrence River through
the "Thousand Islands" and the
descriptions of the trip through these
islands are not exaggerated, as I
think any one will testify who has
taken it. The morning I sailed down
through these islands everything had
a very fresh look, as we had had
showers during the night, and the
grass and trees on the islands looked
very fine in the early morning sun-
light. One very fine view was the
Trunk strike" had started on the
"Rapids King."
At 6 p. m. we "shot" the famous
Lachine Rapids, and, after we had
passed through safely, I saw the
"man-at-the-wheel" take his hat off,
and mop the perspiration from his
forehead, although it was cool evening.
Some years ago an old Indian took
the steamer through the rapids, but
since he died the work has been done
by white men.
At 6.30 p. m. we arrived at Mont-
real and I went to the Queen's Hotel
for supper. In the evening I visited
an amusement resort called "Domin-
Steamer "Rapids King," in Lachine Rapids
country up near Alexandria Bay,
N. Y. "
At 10 a. m. I left the steamer
"Belleville" at Prescott, Canada, and
went into the town to get a shave.
In getting this shave I nearly lost
the steamer "Rapids King" and if
I had, that would have been another
kind of a "scrape" I had not figured
upon. Some of the passengers in-
formed me that I took "long chances,"
as they had watched me climb over
one steamer in order to board the
"Rapids King." We had a beauti-
ful sail down through several rapids
on our way to Montreal. At about
noon time they opened up a buffet
lunch on our steamer, and, for a few
minutes I thought another "Grand
ion Park." The band played a num-
ber of our national airs, and this
music made a great "hit" with the
people in the park who belonged in
"the States."
After a night's rest at my hotel I
left Montreal Friday morning and
rode on the two "strike roads," the
Grand Trunk and Central Vermont.
I had figured on reaching Montreal
Thursday evening, and by taking the
"Rapids King" I arrived at my des-
tination right on time. The accounts
in the newspapers about the strike
must have been written by men who
were not on the "firing line," as I
went several hundred miles through
the "strike district" and did not see
any violence at all.
A Strenuous Vocation
51
Shortly after leaving Montreal 1
asked the conductor on our train
what his regular position was, and he
informed me that he was Traveling-
Freight Agent for the Grand Trunk
Railroad. This conductor was a very
polite, hut powerful looking young
man, and I knew there would be
"something doing" if the "strikers"
undertook to block his train on the
way down to "the States." The
train crew did not wear uniforms, as
ington" for the beautiful sail of forty
miles on Lake Winnipesaukee to
Alton Bay. After an inspection of
Alton Bay, I had a good dinner in the
"Camp Grounds" and then went to-
the railroad station to board a train
for Exeter, N. H. At the station I
met several more friends, and, after
a rather dusty ride, I arrived in Exeter
at about 4 p. m. Saturday and com-
pleted a beautiful, but rather stren-
uous trip of about 1200 miles. After
Steamer " Mt. Washington," Lake Winnipesaukee
they were men taken out of the rail-
road offices and put on the trains.
After having our luggage examined
at the United States line we passed
on down through the Green Moun-
tains of Vermont to Montpelier. I
had my dinner and then rode on the
train until I reached The Weirs on
Lake Winnipesaukee at about 6 p. m.
I immediately went to the Lakeside
House, had supper, and then hunted
up an old friend, as I had not seen a
single person I knew for nearly one
week.
After a night's rest at the Lakeside
House I took the steamer "Mt. Wash-
spending ten days in Exeter and
vicinity, I returned to Boston for
another year's work.
Before closing this article I wish
to call the reader's attention to the
politeness and courtesy met with in
Canada, as I found every one obliging,
even under trying cirumstances, and,
I am sorry to say it, but it seems to
me that the public officials in "the
States," could learn considerable about
handling the general public if they
would make a few trips to beautifuL
Canada.
27 St. Stephen St., Boston.
BELOW ZERO
By Laura Garland Carr
Oh, the north king means destruction —
He is out with horse and hound!
He has all his lackeys with him —
Do n't you catch the bugle's sound?
We can hear him shout and whistle,
As he urges on the pack;
We can feel the rush and trample —
We can hear the lashes crack!
His breath, like sparkling diamond dust,
In all the air is rife;
It strikes, on cheek and forehead
With the tingle of a knife.
The passers by step briskly.
With their muffled heads bent low:
There's a crink'.ly crank Ty crunching
As their swift feet press the snow.
Hark! How the sledges shriek and creak!
The horses breath out steam.
About their mouths and through their hair
The icy crystals gleam.
The teamsters swing and beat their hands.
And shout in lusty way;
The small boy, scurrying to school,
For once makes no delay.
The sparrows are just feather lumps,
With neither heads nor toes.
What keeps the little beggars warm
When this fierce north wind blows?
The tabby cat comes bouncing in
With all her fur a-puff ;
It stands about her ribboned neck
Like old queen Bessie's ruff.
How are the pipes? How are the fires?
Look out for coal and wood!
We have a fortress snug and strong;
We'll hold it staunch and good!
So shout and whang away — old king —
You try our doors in vain,
And we can watch you at your tricks
Through frosted window pane.
COLONEL ISRAEL MOREY
By F. P. Well*
[Head before the New Hampshire Historical Society]
Israel Morey, a pioneer in the early
settlement of the upper portion of
the Connecticut Valley, and a man
of business and military affairs, was
born in Lebanon, Conn., May 27,
1735, and died at Orford, N. H.,
August 10, 1809. His name con-
tinually recurs in the annals of his
time and locality, and it is the object
of this paper to consider the services
rendered by him, and how far he was
a representative of that sturdy and
faithful class of men who stood be-
hind the leaders in the great struggle
for American liberty, and kept them
supplied with the men and means
through which they won their inde-
pendence.
The services rendered by him, and
by hundreds like him, although of
the utmost importance, were, from
the nature of them, so devoid of
the brilliant features which captivate
the mind, that they have been neg-
lected by history, and the very
names of these sturdy patriots are
almost forgotten. Let it be remem-
bered that Israel Morey contributed,
in no small degree, toward the defeat
of General Burgoyne, and that his
hand was in many of the public
measures of his time.
It is not possible to trace his ances-
try beyond the fourth generation.
George Morey, one of the first settlers
of Bristol, R. I., married Hannah
Lewis in 1683. Their oldest son,
John, married Margaret Linsford in
1707. They lived at Point Shirley,
and their eldest son, named Linsford,
became one of the first settlers of
Lebanon, Conn. His wife was Sarah
Dewey, and Israel was their third son.
Lebanon was in the time of Israel's
youth already a place of considerable
importance, and the birthplace or
residence of several men destined to
confer enduring fame upon the town.
Jonathan Trumbull, statesman and
soldier, was during Morey's youth,
a rising young lawyer, and in the
year of his birth Rev. Eleazer Wheel-
ock became the minister of the town.
In order to help out his meager
salary, he opened a school, which he
conducted until his removal to Han-
over in 1769, to become the founder
of Dartmouth College. It is probable
that Israel was a pupil of Wheelock's,
for he obtained a fair education,
wrote an excellent hand, and acquired
a considerable knowledge of survey-
ing and bookkeeping. In 1757, he
married Martha Palmer, and they
settled on a farm, where they remainei I
eight years and where four children
were born to them. In the year 1765,
having purchased certain rights of land
in the township of Orford, N. H., they
sold their possessions in Lebanon, and
in January, 1766, became the third
family of settlers in Orford.
The close of the French and Indian
War in 1760 opened to settlement a
large portion of New England, which
had hitherto been forbidden land,
but whose value as a desirable section
for residence and trade had become
generally known. Peace was no
sooner declared when a large emigra-
tion from the older portions of the
colonies set in for the new land.
In the fall of 1761, Col. Jacob
Bayley, Col. John Hazen, Lieut.
Timothy Bedel and Lieut. Jacob
Kent, who had passed through the
valley the year before on their return
from the surrender of Montreal, took
possession of the great meadows of
the Lower Coos, and obtained charters
for themselves and their associate
settlers, of the towns of Newbury
and Haverhill, on opposite sides of
the Connecticut River. This settle-
ment was unique in that the grantees
of these two towns, or the majority
of them, became actual settlers. The
emigration which set in for these
54 The Granite Monthly
towns was mainly from a section Martha Morey began their long and
which lay within a radius of twenty toilsome journey. They traveled
miles of Haverhill, Mass., and the with an ox team, which bore the
colonists were, generally, well known necessaries for their journey and
to each other, and related by birth their primitive housekeeping,
or marriage. With these advantages, It is difficult for us to comprehend
and the further circumstance that the hardships of the adventure, corn-
large portions of the great intervale mon as such were in those days. The
were already cleared and had long young man and his wife, with three
been cultivated by the Indians, these young children, set out on their
settlements became, in a very few journey of 200 miles into the wilder-
years, a sturdy community, with a ness with the certainty that winter
church, schools, and a form of local must come upon them long before
government suited to their needs, they could reach its end. It is not
It was a vigorous colony, and by the known how many were in the party,
time of the settlement of Orford the Nathan Caswell and wife, who became
pioneers at Ccos had begun to colon- later the first settlers of Littleton,
ize the Connecticut valley as far were of the party, and there were
north as Northumberland. probably others. North of Fort
The people who settled Newbury Dummer there was only an occasional
and Haverhill were nearly all from clearing, but a rude path lay along
the lower part of the Merrimack the river bank as far as Charlestown.
valley, but below them the valley Beyond that point was, not a -road,
was mainly peopled from Connecticut, but a line of spotted trees which
From some cause, not now quite marked a course along which an ox
clear, the attention of people in the team like theirs might pass. There
vicinity of Lebanon, Hebron, Had- were no bridges, and the ingenuity
dam and other towns had been of the party was fully taxed to convey
directed toward the part of the valley the load in safety across rapid streams
lying immediately south of the Coos and over precipices. Winter had set
country, and Lebanon, Hanover, in before the party had left Massa-
Lyme, Orford and Piermont, with chusetts, and it was January before
the towns opposite to them on the the end of the journey was reached.
Vermont side, were settled mainly Only a few miles could be made in
from Hartford and Tolland counties a day. The unbroken forest; the
in Connecticut. The stream of emi- long reaches of the river; the slow
gration from the lower valley of the movements of the oxen; the fires
Merrimack took a more northerly around which the weary travelers
course, and did not mingle with that gathered for the night; the hours
which originated near Long Island of darkness and increasing cold; the
sound. In the twelve years preceding stealthy movements of the wild beasts
the outbreak of the Revolutionary that prowled in the forests, were the
War, hundreds of families from Con- daily and nightly experiences of our
necticut had made new homes in the adventurers. It is probable that the
towns we have mentioned. But at last part of the journey was made
the date of Israel Morey's settlement upon the ice of the river,
in Orford the valley from Haverhill Between Charlestown and Orford
to Charlestown was almost an un- at that time there had been few
broken wilderness. attempts at settlement. In Lebanon
Whether he had by previous explo- there were two families, in Hanover
ration satisfied himself of the value of two, and in Lyme three young men
these new lands is not now known, but were clearing land. Arriving in
in the autumn of 1765, with their Orford, they found John Mann and
three surviving children, the youngest wife and Richard Cross, who had
being but six weeks old, Israel and established themselves near the river.
Colonel Israel Morey
55
The land selected by Morey em-
braced a large part of the fertile plain
upon which the village of Orford
stands, and here he built his first rude
habitation. In the summer the set-
tlement was augmented by the arrival
■of several families from the region
whence Mann and Morey had come.
Four years later the colony numbered
125 persons, a hardy, vigorous stock.
The natural abilities of Israel
Morey easily made him the most
prominent man in the new settlement.
He was active, far-seeing, and pos-
sessed that honesty and tact which
win confidence. He built the first
gristmill, and was one of the first
selectmen. He was the first justice
of the peace, and one of the original
members of the church. Within a
year after his arrival he began the
purchase of land, and acquired suffi-
cient influence to cause himself to be
entered as a proprietor in the charters
of several newly granted towns. By
this means and by the purchase of
"rights," he became the owner of
thousands of acres of wild lands.
These transactions, extending over
a wide territory, conducted with
prudence and good judgment, made
him favorably known to all the prom-
inent men along both sides of the
river.
He also became agent for land
proprietors on the seaboard who had
purchased large tracts of wild land in
the new country, and were interested
in their development We find him
engaged in transactions of many differ-
ent kinds.
Thus in 17G6 he became 'the agent
for the ninety-one original proprietors
of the township of Ryegate, Vt., and
sold the land the next year to John
Church and Rev. Dr. Witherspoon.
In 1771 we find his name, as justice
of the peace, appended to a call
authorizing the inhabitants of Pier-
mont to assemble and form a town
government.
Israel Morey first came into general
notice in his attempt to secure the
establishment of Dartmouth College
at Orford or Haverhill. It would
seem that, on learning of the inten-
tion of Doctor Wheelock to remove
his Indian school, his previous ac-
quaintance with Wheelock induced
Morey to use his influence with the
principal men in the valley toward
that end. We find him writing to
Doctor Wheelock as early as 1767,
setting forth the advantages of either
town. It is probable that their
confidence in Morey's opinion of the
value that the college and its founder
would be to the country induced the
leading men in the valley to offer
their solicitations and their proffers
of land and money. He was deputed
by them to go to Connecticut and
wait upon Doctor Wheelock with the
subscription papers.
It was the hope and desire of the
principal men in the Coos country
that the college should be located
at Haverhill or Orford, either location
being acceptable to Governor Went-
worth and the English supporters of
the proposed institution. These ne-
gotiations, in which several parties
took a hand, and in which many con-
flicting interests were displayed, ex-
tended through nearly three years,
toward the end of which the Orford
interest was thrown in favor of
Haverhill as the site. It does not
appear, however, that Morey was
offended at the final selection of
Hanover. He is known to have re-
mained a friend of the college and
its president.
But it is as a military man that
Israel Morey is remembered, and
that, without ever having seen service
in the field. Military organization
kept pace with settlements in New
England, from the first. The fre-
quent wars with the Indians, and the
fear of them which was constant even
in the times of peace, rendered mili-
tary discipline necessary. The farms
of a new settlement had hardly be-
gun to emerge from the forest before
the men organized themselves into a
military company. Thus in Haver-
hill and Newbury in 1764, while there
could hardly have been forty able-
bodied men in both towns, which had
56
The Granite Monthly
been settled but two years, they were
organized into a company, whereof
Jacob Kent was commissioned a
captain by Governor Wentworth.
This company was the nucleus of a
regiment on the west side of the river
which was long commanded by three
Jacob Kents in succession, father,
son and grandson. The first mili-
tary company organized in Orford
was commanded by Israel Morey.
It formed a part of the "Twelfth
Regiment of Foot," whose first colonel
was John Hurd of Haverhill. The
companies of this regiment were
drilled at stated times, and had
acquired a considerable degree of
military discipline at the breaking
out of the Revolutionary War.
Before considering the phases of
that struggle in the Ccos country
we will do well to glance at the state
of that part of New England, and
the character of its leading men.
Thirteen years had now passed since
settlements began at Haverhill and
Newbury, and they had been, in' the
main, prosperous ones. Hundreds of
farms, in the valley had been cleared
for cultivation. The people Avere
growing rich in flocks and herds, the
ground brought forth plenteously,
the country was rapidly filling up
with settlers, and there was a ready
market for all the farmers could raise.
Not only was there a constant immi-
gration from the older settlements
along the coast, but colonies from
Scotland, a hardy, sterling stock, had
begun to settle Ryegate and Barnet
under the leadership of James White-
law and Alexander Harvey. Dart-
mouth College had been established
at Hanover, and around it had
gathered a group of remarkable men.
Indeed, along both sides of the river,
the average of wealth and intelligence
was very high. Several graduates of
Harvard and Yale had settled in the
valley. Many of the most prominent
citizens had seen service in the French
and Indian War. The chief of these
was Col. Jacob Bayley of Newbury,
the value of whose service in the
Revolutionary War can hardly be
overestimated. Others were Tim-
othy Bedel and John Hazen of Haver-
hill, Charles Johnston of the latter
town and his brother Robert of New-
bury, and Jacob Kent. These were
men of wide influence. Col. John
Hurd of Haverhill and Col. Asa
Porter were men of eminent ability.
Of the latter Arthur Livermore says:
"It would not be easy to find his
equal among his numerous descend-
ants." Rev. Peter Powers of New-
bury was eminent for his ability and
his piety. It was among these men
that the emergencies of the times
called Israel Morey to take a place.
His first public service outside of
the Connecticut Valley was as the
representative from several towns in
the congress which met at Exeter,
December 21, 1775, and he was one
of the committee of thirteen appointed
on the 26th of the same month" "to
draw up a plan of government during
the contest with great Britain." On
this committee he was associated
with such men as Matthew Thornton
and Meshech Weare, and they framed
the first form of civil constitution for
the government of New Hampshire.
By the same congress he was chosen
as an associate justice of the Court
of Common Pleas for Grafton County.
This position upon the committee
shows the estimation in which he
was held by the principal men in the
state.
He was also chosen, with Colonel
Hurd, to enlist companies, muster
soldiers and pay them; deliver com-
missions, and give orders to the
several companies of rangers. Pre-
vious to this date he was appointed
colonel of the regiment which had
before been commanded by Col.
John Hurd.
The dangers which threatened the
Coos country were many ami great.
It lay in the direct road from Canada
to the sea coast. So prosperous a
community could not escape the keen
observation of the Canadian author-
ities. Should New England be in-
vaded, it would be seized upon, and
made the base of operations, and its-
Colonel Israel Morey
57
stores of grain, its cattle and sheep
would become the prey of the enemy.
and the labor of years would be
destroyed in a day. The peril was
great, but the people met the danger
with prudence and resolution.
It is not the intention of this paper
to relate the military history of the
Coos country during the war. While
the eyes of all men were turned
toward Gen. Jacob Bay ley of New-
bury, Col. Charles Johnston of Haver-
hill and Col. Peter Olcott of Norwich,
as the men to conduct military opera-
tions, Bayley, Johnston and Olcott
recognized the business experience,
honesty and popularity of Israel
Morey as fitting him for an obscure
but necessary task. To him was
committed the raising and drilling
of men; the collection of horses,
grain and food for the campaigns;
the disbursement of money, and the
thousand details of war. He kept
his regiment in readiness for the field,
and we constantly read of details
from it for active service; of men, at
one time forty-three; at another,
sixteen; at another, twenty-eight;
and so on. At the time of Burgoyne's
expedition he seems to have been
everywhere, recruiting men, forward-
ing supplies, and keeping up the
lines of communication. It is not
believed that he visited the field of
conflict in person, although he must
have followed close behind the last
levies, which were sent to overthrow
Burgoyne.
His service during the later years
of the war was mainly confined to
the equipment and drilling of men,
and the patroling of the wilderness
between the Coos country and Canada.
The military road, commonly known
as the Hazen Road, from Newbury
to Canada line afforded a means by
which scouting parties could be sent
northward. By means of scouts the
authorities of the Coos country were
kept informed of all that went on along
the frontier, and a second expedition
from Canada to overthrow New Eng-
land, though often threatened, was
never begun. The frontier w'as so
closely watched that no expedition
strong enough to do much harm ever
penetrated to the settlements.
It is with Israel Morey's connection
with the Vermont controversy that
we have lastly to deal. So much
has been written upon the subject
that wre need not go into details. It
is only necessary to present the case
as it appeared to the residents of the
Connecticut Valley.
In 1764 New York asserted its
claim to all the territory between
Connecticut River and Lake Cham-
plain, and its inhabitants, who had
hitherto considered themselves as a
part of the Province of New Hamp-
shire, found themselves transferred
to the jurisdiction of another province,
whose seat of government lay upon
the Hudson. The residents of the
western part of the Grants rose in
rebellion. But the residents of the
Connecticut Valley were not molested
by the New York authorities, and
while dissatisfied were quietly await-
ing the outcome. The proprietors
of Newbury secured themselves from
all molestation from that quarter by
taking out a new charter from New
York, which confirmed to them all
the privileges granted by the charter
of Wentworth. What Newbury had
done other towns might do, and
matters on the west bank of the river
went on very much as they had done
before.
But on the east side of the river
the dissatisfaction with their situa-
tion was great and increasing. It
was the policy of the ruling powers in
New7 Hampshire to keep the state
under the central body of politicians
known as the Exeter party. They
viewed with apprehension the rapid
growth of the settlements along the
Connecticut, which threatened to
become more populous than the
eastern part of the state. Several
actions of the Legislature had tended
to keep the representation of the
western counties as small as possible.
The dissatisfaction was greatest
among those settlers who had come
from Connecticut, and had distrib-
58
The Granite Monthly
uted themselves about equally along
both banks of the river. The inhab-
itants of the valley had common
interest, knowing and caring little
for the plans of the Exeter party.
The river was hardly a boundary
between them, and they felt that the
common interest demanded that these
communities should be kept together
under one government. The con-
stitution adopted by the new state
of Vermont was so much more liberal,
that the majority of the settlers in
sixteens towns on the east side of the
river were persuaded to elect repre-
sentation to the convention which
met at Windsor, March 13, 1778,
and ask for the admission of their
towns to the new state. Colonel
Morey was one of the leaders in
this enterprise, and broke completely
from his old associates of the Exeter
party.
The majority of the inhabitants
of the valley favored any reasonable
proposal which should keep them all
under one government. So many
conflicting interests influenced the
leaders, and the changes of the times
were so rapid that it is not possible
at this lapse of time to state every-
thing with precision. The distrust
which in 1778 Gen. Jacob Bay ley felt
for the Aliens and their associates,
led him and his followers to favor the
admission of towns enough on the
east side of the river to counterbal-
ance the influence and numerical
strength of the Bennington party in
the new state.
It is remarkable how many interests
the people in the valley had at stake.
They were engaged in making homes
for themselves in the wilderness;
they were protecting the frontier
from invasion; they were constantly
sending men to the seat of actual
war, and at the same time were
engaged in political strife. But when
danger threatened, politics were laid
aside. Morey retained his command
of the twelfth regiment, his services
being too valuable to be dispensed
with, and he was marked out by the
Canadian authorities as one of the
men who were especially to be feared.
There were leading men in the valley
at that time whom the British could
depend upon to desert the American
cause the moment success seemed
hopeless, but Morey was not one of
them. His energetic leadership in
military affairs caused his retention
of command during several years,
after he had adopted the views of the
"college party." This party favored
the erection of a new state in the
valley of the Connecticut, north of
Massachusetts, which should embrace
all the towns whose waters drained
into that river, whose political and
geographical center would be near
Dartmouth College.
We can hardly suppose that the
leaders in this scheme really expected
that Congress would permit the admis-
sion of such a state against the pro-
tests of the commonwealth from
which it had been carved. We find
it easier to believe that their scheme
was tentative in the direction of
securing better terms for the river
towns from both New Hampshire
and Vermont. This plan of a new
state was short lived, and what is
known as the "Second Union" had
a lease of life almost as brief.
When the state of Vermont actually
took possession of a portion of the
state of New Hampshire by holding
a session of its General Assembly at
Charlestown, one of the first acts of
the New Hampshire authorities was
to dismiss Colonel Morey from the
command of the twelfth regiment.
He was so much wounded with the
treatment he had received from the
state in return for his distinguished
services, that he could not bring
himself to remain longer a resident of
New Hampshire. He removed at
once, and permanently, to Fairlee,
on the west side of the river, where
he had large interests, having built
the first mills, and had conducted a
ferry between Fairlee and Orford
ever since the settlement of the towns.
His services in civil and military
affairs in Vermont were many and
valuable. He was assistant judge
Colonel Israel Morey
59
of the County Court for four years,
and a member of the General Assem-
bly for nine years. The value of his
military experience was recognized
by his appointment in 1787 to the
command of the fifth brigade of
militia, and he held the command till
1794, when he withdrew from military
life by the following dignified letter
of resignation:
"Sir: I have for nearly twenty years served
my Country in the military department. I
am now so far advanced in life that I wish
for leave to resign my office as Brigadier Gen-
eral in the Second Brigade and Fourth Divis-
ion of the Militia. I think, Sir, it would be
for the interest of the Br'gade which I have
the honor to command that I should resign
at this time. I therefore request from your
Excellency that you would be pleased to accept
it. I have the honor to be your Excellency's
most obedient and humble servant,
" Israel Morey.
"Rutland, October 18, 1794.
" His Excellency, Thomas Chittenden."
More fortunate than many of his
contemporaries. General Morey lived
to enjoy the reward of his labors.
Blessed with a competence, his chil-
dren settled around him, his old age
was singularly happy. Men who
were old thirty years ago remembered
him riding about the peaceful lanes
and roads of Orford and Fairlee,
mounted on a white horse, dressed in
a red military cloak, his white hair
falling down upon his shoulders,
pausing for a leisurely conversation
with his friends. A curious contro-
versy which arose between him and
the celebrated Nathaniel Niles, who
settled not far from him in Fairlee,
was the cause of considerable amuse-
ment at the time, and the memory
of it survived long after both men
were dead. He retained to the last
his love of the House of God. Al-
though living at some distance from
the church, he was seldom absent,
whatever the weather, declaring that
"no man was ever made sick by going
to meeting."
He died at the house of one of his
sons in Orford, and a plain slab of
slate from which time and storm have
partly obliterated the inscription,
marks his grave.
Israel and Martha Morey had five
sons and two daughters, all superior
people, to one of whom pertains a re-
markable interest. The sons were—
Israel who served in the Revolu-
tionary War, and rose to a high
position in the militia; Samuel;
Moulton, who graduated at Dart-
mouth College, and became an associ-
ate justice of the supreme court;
William and Darius. Of three of his
children no descendants are known to
be living, while one lady now in
Fairlee and one in Orford are the
only representatives of the lineage
of General Morey in this part of the
country.
The sons of Israel Morey inherited
not only the sterling qualities of their
father, but a certain genius which was
a common inheritance in the families
of both of their parents. Samuel,
the second son, was one to whom fate
has been unkind. He was by nature
an inventor. While yet a young man
he began experiments upon the expan-
sion of steam, and set his mind upon
the problem of steam navigation.
He had long operated his father's
ferry between Fairlee and Orford,
and sought in some way to harness
the power of steam to the task. The
result of a series of experiments was
communicated by him to Professor
Silliman, who encouraged his genius.
In 1793 he constructed a small engine
which propelled a boat by means of a
paddle wheel, on the river, between
Fairlee and Orford. The model of
the engine and boat he sent to New
York and, among those who saw the
invention were Robert Fulton and
Chancellor Livingston.
In Morev's original boat the paddle
wheel was placed in the prow, and
drew the boat instead of propelling
it. At the suggestion of Fulton the
wheel was placed in the stern and
other changes were made. According
to the repeated statements of Samuel
and his brother Israel, Fulton went
to Fairle? and acquainted himself
with the manner of propulsion adopted
60 The Granite Monthly
by Morey, in the boat which the By the gift of Mrs. Amelia S.
brothers had constructed. Samuel Kibbey of Fairlee, a grandniece of
Morey applied for and received a the inventor, the Vermont Historical
patent for his steamboat, and the Society is now the possessor of the
Letters Patent, dated March 25, 1795, original model of the engine which
signed by George Washington, are Morey invented to move his boat,
now in possession of the New Hamp- "It is a mechanical curiosity, which
shire Historical Society. He also in the absence of illustrations, defies
published a philosophical pamphlet, intelligent description. It is a rotary
now very rare. engine, the cyliner being balanced on
According to the statement of a standard above the boiler, and
Captain Morey, he went to New York revolving horizontally. From the
with an improved model of his inven- disc, upon which the engine is attached
tion but was treated by Fulton and to the standard, the power is corn-
Livingston with coldness and neglect, municated. The ingenuity of this
the former having, on a previous device for doing in a roundabout way
occasion, acquired from him all the}' what was subsequently done through
desired to knoAV. This treatment and a stationary cylinder and a piston
the theft of his idea, cast a shadow of rod connecting with a crank or
bitterness over a most genial tempera- walking beam, commands the admir-
ment. He believed that the honors ation of the observer."
and emolument which were heaped When we consider that it was the
upon Fulton should have been his. work of a young man in the backweods
It is certain that the idea of steam of North America, in 1793, who had
navigation was then at work in sev- never seen a steam engine or the
eral minds both in America and model of one, we marvel at his
Europe. But it is also certain that genius, and lament that his ingenuity
Samuel Morey propelled a boat by was not rewarded by fame and for-
steam on the Connecticut between tune.
Fairlee and Orford in 1793, years before A beautiful lake in the town of
Fulton's successful experiment. Fairlee is called after the inventor,
Had he comprehended the value and the traveler upon a small steam-
of his own invention, and had he boat of modern construction which
found such a wealthy and powerful plies upon its waters, is told that
patron as Fulton found in Chancellor beneath its waves rests a boat built
Livingston, Samuel Morey and not by Samuel Morey which contains
Robert Fulton would be hailed as the the first engine ever employed in
father of steam navigation. steam navigation.
AFTER THE STORM
By Maude Gordon Roby
(" We shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye. "J
From my window a beautiful picture I view,
For God has painted the World anew.
And while we slept the long night thru
The Angels just scattered the snow like dew,
All over the thorns and the roses, too,
And the World, my World is white and true.
Then I ponder: If God in his mercy and grace
Covers alike the pure and the base
With a shimmering mantle of Heavenly lace—
Won't he cleanse the black of our hearts, and erase
The wrongs we have done as the years flew apace?
For we often forget — we are here in His place.
THE YACHT BUILDERS
By Hannah B. Merriam
With active brain and ready thought,
Our willing hands have deftly wrought
From wood andaron, hemp and steel,
A cunning craft from sail to keel.
With heads to plan and hearts to please
We give her canvas to the breeze.
Outstripped by none, on, on we glide
No fear have we from air or tide,
Store-house and shop are hid from view
Our careworn hearts their youth renew;
Past wooded hills and scented trees
Our glad yacht glides with swan-like ease.
The skies are taking evening hue;
Our boat at home will soon be due.
Now let each heart its tribute pay
To One who guides us on our way.
Who beckons on to broader seas.
Mid fairer scenes than brighten these.
TELL ME! OH GOD!
By Stewart Everett Rowt
1 wonder at the strange, strange things I dream
About this life and all that gives it breath;
Tell me! Oh God of Life and God of Death,
If Life and Death are really what they seem!
When night comes on, shall I still sec a gleam
That speaks of days to come without an end,—
Of days on which no darkness will descend?
Tell me! Oh God about these things I dream!
I wonder what it is that whispers low.
Yes. low and sweet, but still distinct and plain
And seems to say that all is for the best?
Tell me! Oh God! That I may learn and know
Just why I toss in sadness and in pain
And fail so oft to find a peaceful rest!
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
DR. SAMUEL H. GREENE
Samuel Henry Greene, M.D., one of the
most prominent and best-known physicians
of southeastern New Hampshire, died at his
home in the town of Newmarket, December
17, 1911.
Doctor Greene was a native of Newmarket,
a son of Simon P. and Sarah A. (Smith)
Greene, born February 12, 1837. His parents
removed to Boston when he was seven years
of age, but five years later his father died and
he returned with his mother to Newmarket,
where he attended school for a time, He also
pursued his studies at the Pittsfield, Gilman-
ton and Atkinson Academies, and, later,
spent three years in New York and Wiscon-
sin. Returning home, he entered upon the
study of medicine, attending lectures at the
Dartmouth and Harvard Medical Schools,
graduating from the latter in 1860. He
immediately commenced practice in Durham,
where he continued six years, then purchasing
the practice of Dr. William Folsom in his
native town, in which he continued through
life, attaining a large practice and a high
reputation for skill and devotion. In the
homes of the poor as well as the rich he was
welcomed in time of distress, as a "ministering
angel," and with him there was no distinction
of persons in this regard.
Doctor Greene was a Republican in politics
and active in town affairs, holding nearly all
the offices in the gift of his townsmen, includ-
ing those of representative, selectman, and
member of the school board. He also served
eight years as postmaster, under the admin-
istrations of Presidents Arthur and Harrison.
He was an active member of Rising Sun Lodge
No. 47, A. F. & A. M., of Newmarket, a
charter member of Piscataqua Lodge, N. E.
O. P., and a member of Lamprey River
Grange, P. of H.
He married, July 2, 1860, Mallie R. Baker
of Newmarket, who survives, with one son,
Walter Bryant.
HARRY S. PARKER
Harry Stanley Parker, born in Wolfeboro,
February 18, 1832, died at Farmington, Jan-
uary 16, 1912.
He was the son of Samuel Sewall Parker,
educated in the schools of his native town,
and in early life learned the trade of a shoe-
maker. On March 30, 1854, he was united
in marriage to Miss Hester A. Stevens, .
daughter of Capt. Manly Stevens of Lisbon.
Soon after, the couple purchased a farm in
Wolfeboro on which they lived until 1867
when they removed to Farmington The
children born to Mr. and Mrs. Parker num-
bered ten, only four of whom are now living:
Samuel Sewall Parker, a lawyer in Farming-
ton; Mrs. Nellie S. Nute, wife of United
States Marshal E. P. Nute of Farmington;
Percy F. Parker, a merchant in Spokane,
Washington; and Ned L. Parker, a mer-
chant in Farmington.
For many years after locating in Farm-
ington Mr. Parker was engaged in some
branch of the shoe industry. In politics he
was a staunch Democrat, and was, up to
within a few years, an active and interested
participant in the political affairs of the town.
He was honored by his fellow townsmen by
a seat in the state legislature in 1869 and
again in 1877-78. He also served the town
for several years as moderator, and was a
member of the board of education for three
years. In 1885 he was appointed postmaster
of Farmington by President Cleveland, which
office he conducted for four years with ability
and fidelity. He was a most popular and
public-spirited citizen, with a wide circle of
friends in his own and surrounding towns.
He was the only remaining charter member
of Harmony lodge, Knights of Pythias, and
was a Mason of fifty-six years' standing.
MARY CLEMENT LEAVITT
Mrs. Mary Clement Leavitt, noted Tem-
perance worker, for twenty years honorary
life president of the World's Woman 's Christian
Temperance Union, a native of the town of
Hopkinton, born September 22, 1830 died
at her home, 18 Huntington Avenue, Boston,
February 5, 1912.
She was the daughter of Rev. Joshua and
Eiliza (Harvey) Leavitt, and was educated
in the district school, at Thetford, Vt., Acad-
emy and the Massachusetts State Normal
School at Framingham, from which latter
she graduated in 1851 as the valedictorian of
her class. She was an assistant teacher in the
Boylston Grammar School in Boston, from
1854 to 1857 in which year she married
Thomas H. Leavitt of Thetford. From 1867
to 1881 she conducted a private school in
Boston, meantime taking a deep interest in
the Temperance cause and aiding in the or-
ganization of both the Boston and the Massa-
chusetts W. C. T. U., being a member of the
executive board of the latter. Subsequently
she became lecturer of the National organiza-
tion and was secretary of the same from 1883
to 1891, during which time she journeyed
around the world, organizing Unions in every
land, her journeying aggregating more than
200,000 miles — a record unsurpassed in any
line of missionary effort. She spoke ta
people, through interpreters, in more than
fifty different languages, including the fol-
lowers of Mahomet, Buddha, Zoroaster and
Confucius, as well as members of the Greek,.
Roman and other churches.
She was a voluminous writer upon tem-
perance and kindred topics, and her sketches
and poems appeared in various publications..
New Hampshire Necrology
63
EDWIN F. READ
Edwin Forbes Read, born in Swanzey,
March 5, 1819, died in SomerviUe, Mass.,
January 23, 1912.
He was the youngest of eight children of
Josiah P. and Mary (Forbes) Read, an older
brother being Col. Benjamin Read, long a
prominent citizen of that town. He was
educated at the district school and at Apple-
ton Academy, New Ipswich. He engaged
in the manufacture of wooden ware at West
Swanzey where he continued for twenty years,
during which time he served six years as
postmaster and once represented the town of
Swanzey in the legislature, though a Repub-
lican and the town strongly Democratic.
Subsequently he resided for a few years in
Keene, but about 1880 took up his residence
in SomerviUe, Mass., with a daughter — Mrs.
Whitcomb, wife of Irvine I. Whitcomb of
the Raymond & Whitcomb Company, where
he continued till death.
Mr. Read married, on June 24, 1841, Miss
Ambra Stone, daughter of Martin Stone of
Swanzey, by whom he had two daughters,
one dying in childhood. He was deeply
interested in music and in early life was
director of the choir in the Congregational
Church at Swanzey Center, of which his
wife was a member. He was one of the
managers of the first annual town picnic in
Swanzey in 1876 — a precursor of the "Old
Home Day" institution.
BELA GRAVES
Bela Graves, born at East Unity June 23,
1836, died in the house where he was born
January 21, 1912.
He was the son of John Graves, was edu-
cated in the district school and at Newbury,
Vt., Seminary, and taught school in the winter
season for a number of years after he was
eighteen years of age, in his own and neighbor-
ing towns, He married Emma N. Shepard-
son of Claremont, October 15, 1862, and
settled on the home farm where most of his
life was spent. He was an enterprising and
successful farmer and was prominent in the
Grange organization. He was also a member
of the State Board of Agriculture three
years, from 1893.
Politically he was a strong Democrat and
had been his party's candidate for State
Senator and various other offices.
His first wife dying, he married her sister
Eliza M. Shepardson, November 5, 1873,
who survives him, as do five children — Mrs.
E. L. Houghton of Walpole, J. Frank Graves
of Montana, Grace E., a teacher, Richard C,
of Newport, and Helen L., at home.
MRS. JOSEPHINE L. RICHARDS
Mrs. Josephine L. Richards, a native of
the town of Raymond, in the eighty-fourth
year of her age, a daughter of the late Gen.
Henry Tucker, died, January 23, at West
Medford, Mass., where her home had been
for nearly forty years past.
She was a teacher for many years, serving
as master's assistant in the Quincy School in
Boston for sixteen years. She was specially
interested in botany and a recognized author-
ity on native wild flowers and ferns. She was
a life member of the Massachusetts Horti-
cultural Society.
EUSTIS J. FLETCHER
Eustis J. Fletcher, a prominent shoe manu-
facturer of Brockton, Mass., died in that city
January 24.
He was a native of the town of Littleton,
N. H., born November 24, 1837, a son of
John and Elizabeth (Taylor) Fletcher. In
youth he went to Randolph, Mass., where he
engaged in shoe manufacturing. He served
in the Fourth Mass. regiment in the Civil
War. He was foreman in a shoe factory at
Atlanta, Ga., for a time after the war, and
later in a factory at North Adams, Mass.
Removing to Brockton about forty years
ago he became a partner of Leonard C. Bliss
and the firm developed the great business
now carried on by the Regal Shoe Company.
Subsequently he was a partner in another
important firm doing business in Brockton,
but retired some years ago. He was a Mason
and a member of the G. A. R. He married
Miss Mary C. Bliss whose death preceded
his just eleven months.
LYMAN J. BROOKS
Lyman J. Brooks, born in Acworth, June
28, 1832, died in Keene, February 11, 1912.
Mr. Brooks was a son of the late Dr.
Lyman and Mary (Graham) Brooks. He
was educated in the common school and
Marlow and Kimball Union Academies, and
graduated from the law department of Albany
University in 1860. He was for three years
associated in practice with the late Hon.
Ira Colby at Claremont, and then received
an appointment as clerk of the court for the
County of Sullivan, continuing for nine years,
when he resigned, and went to East Saginaw,
Michigan, where he became interested in
manufacturing. Subsequently he returned
to New Hampshire, and organized a manu-
facturing concern at Charlestown, which
soon removed to Keene and became known
as the Impervious Package Company, of
which he had been manager, treasurer and
president .
He was a Knight Templar Mason, and had
been Grand Warden of the Grand Command-
ery. He is survived by one son, Clarence M.,
of Keene; also by three brothers — George B.,
a lawyer of Saginaw, Mich., Dr. Nathaniel G.,
of Charlestown, and William Erskine of
Keene.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
The active participation of Governor Bass
in the movement looking to the nomination
of Ex-President Roosevelt as the Republican
candidate for the presidency at the Novem-
ber election, and the announced determina-
tion of a very considerable number of the
more active leaders of the so-called "Pro-
gressive" Republican element in the state
to organize and work for the choice of dele-
gates from this state to the Chicago conven-
tion who will give their support to Col.
Roosevelt, renders it certain that there are
very lively and exciting times ahead in the
field of Republican politics in New Hamp-
shire, however it may be with the Democrats.
A large proportion of the "old-timers" are
understood to be firm adherents of President
Taft, as well as some of those who have acted
with the "Prregressives," and it is manifest
that the state cannot be swung into the
Roosevelt column without earnest and per-
sistent effort. The excitement aroused over
the presidential situation tends to divert
attention from the gubernatorial canvass, so
that the recent formal announcement of Hon.
Franklin Worcester of Hollis that he will be
a candidate for nomination by the Republi-
cans, at the September primary, for Governor,
has commanded less attention thus far than
would ordinarily have been the case. Mani-
festly the gubernatorial question will be held
in abeyance for a time in both parties, though
it is now generally expected that Samuel D.
Felker of Rochester will be a candidate for
the Democratic nomination and that he will
be practically unopposed.
insuring wholesome competition in trans
continental traffic, rather than holding the
city at the mercy of monopoly in that line
of business.
Much interest has been awakened in busi-
ness circles- throughout the state, by the
movement inaugurated by the management
of the Grand Trunk Railway, looking to the
establishment of a tide water terminal in
the city of Boston and the extension of its
line through this state, and Massachusetts,
from White River Junction to that city.
What the action of the Public Service Coin-
mission may be, when the question formally
comes before that body as to the public
necessity for such extension through the
state, cannot be predicted by anybody with
any degree of assurance at present, and it is
not unlikely to be influenced in some measure
by the action taken in the State of Massa-
chusetts; but, on general principles, it would
seem reasonable that it would be vastly to
the benefit of New England at large to pro-
mote the development of the port of Boston
and the material increase of the business of
that great New England metropolis, by
Carrying out the idea of non-partisanship
in connection with the forthcoming Consti-
tutional Convention, the suggestion is made
that it might be well for that body, when it
assembles next June, to elect a Democrat to
preside over its deliberations, though a major-
ity of the members will doubtless be Repub-
licans. There have been three Constitutional
Conventions held in the State since the Re-
publican party came into existence, each of
which has had a Republican president and
a Democratic Secretary. Should it be decided
to reverse this arrangement this year and put
a Democrat in the chair and a Republican at
the Secretary's desk, no fault can reasonably
be found by anybody, provided well equipped
men are chosen. The WoodsviUe News, edited
by one of the most stalwart Republicans in the
State who will himself be a delegate in "the
Convention, suggests Judge John M. Mitchell,
who-is to be a delegate from Ward Four, Con-
cord, along with two prominent Republicans,
a< a proper man for president of the Conven-
tion. Of Judge Mitchell's eminent fitness,
there is, of course, no question.
While the election of delegates to the Con-
stitutional Convention does not occur till
next month, the nominations have already
been made by the respective parties, sepa-
rately or in conference, and the composition
of that body may be pretty accurately deter-
mined. It is safe to say that so far as a
majority of the prominent men selected is
concerned the ascendency is likely to be
with what is known as the conservative
element. It often happens, however, in
conventions as well as legislatures, that new
men come to the front, command recognition
and assume leadership, so that it is entirely
unsafe to predict what the action of the Con-
vention will be upon any of the various ques-
tions likelv to come before it.
Wanted, at this office, a copy of the Gran-
ite Monthly for September, 1S94 — Vol. 17,
No. 3 — also copies of Nos. 1 and 2 — January
and February — and Nos. 9 and 10 — Septem-
ber and October — Vol. 13, 1890. Any one
who can forward either or all of the desired
numbers will be liberally compensated for so
doing.
HON. HENRY M. BAKER
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No.
MARCH, 191:! New Series, Vol. 7, No. 3
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
IX
Hon. Henrv M. Baker
By H. C. Pearson
The records of few of the leaders
of New Hampshire, past or present,
can equal in amount and variety of
useful and distinguished accomplish-
ment that of Henry Moore Baker,
almost a half century out of college
and yet today at the very meridian
of his career in the point of public
prominence and appreciation.
He was born January 11, 1841,
not many miles from the New Hamp-
shire state capitol, in the little town
of Bow, which he always has regarded
as his home and for which he has
cherished an affection that has mani-
fested itself in many ways. He has
been the president of the local Old
Home Week association since the
institution of the festival and has done
much to make the town's observances
among the most interesting and
typical in the state.
Familiar from boyhood with all farm
work his membership in Bow Grange,
Patrons of Husbandry, is to him much
more than a form and his comprehen-
sion of the present problems of agri-
culture in New England is based upon
actual experience as well as upon
thought and study.
By far the largest individual tax
payer in Bow, Mr. Baker, on town
meeting day, 1912, gave the town an
even more direct financial token of his
interest by offering to erect a ten
thousand dollar building on his farm,
on South Street at Bow Mills,
to place in it his extensive and care-
fully chosen library and to give the
whole to the town on condition that
it make proper provision for its future
maintenance as a free public library.
Mr. Baker's American ancestry goes
back to John Baker, at Charlestown,
Mass., inl634, and whose sons, grand-
sons and great-grandsons were re-
spected residents of Roxbury, Mass.
Captain Joseph Baker, of the fifth
generation, married Hannah Lovewell,
daughter of the gallant Captain John
Lovewell of Indian wars fame, and they
settled upon the lands in Pembroke,
New Hampshire, which had been
granted to her father for his martial
services.
Captain Baker was a member of
the third provincial congress of New
Hampshire, which met at Exeter
April 21, 1775, and was a leader on all
lines in his section of the state, as
were his son, Joseph, and his grandson
James, both of Bow. His great-
grandson, Aaron Whittemore Baker
one of the earliest and most active
advocates in New Hampshire of the
abolition of slavery and of total ab-
stinence from alcoholic beverages,
was one of the founders of the Repub-
lican party in his section. He mar-
ried Nancy Dustin, a descendant of
the heroine, Hannah Dustin, and to
them four sons were born, Francis
66 The Granite Monthly
M., Rufus, John B. and Henry M. of his time, a fact which is proved,
Baker. among other ways, by the publication
Henry, the youngest son, attended, of several historical monographs in
first, the town schools of Bow, and which are remarkably united wealth
then prepared for college at the aca- of learning, depth of thought and
demies in Pembroke, Hopkinton and charm of literary style. These quali-
Tilton. Because of this attendance ties and others were suitably recog-
and of its neighborhood to his home, nized by Howard University of Wash-
Mr. Baker has been much interested in ington, of which he has been a trustee
the ancient and honorable institution since 1906, when it bestowed upon
of learning at Pembroke, and has been him in 1911 the honorary degree of
the president of its board of trustees Doctor of Laws. Mr. Baker is a
since 1904, years during which it has member, among other learned bodies,
occupied a new home, raised its of the National Geographic Society
standard and increased its attendance, and of the Anthropological Society.
Entering Dartmouth College at After leaving Dartmouth, young
Hanover in 1859, Mr. Baker gradu- Baker studied law for a year in the
ated in June, 1863, receiving the office at Concord of the late Judge
degree of Bachelor of Arts, which was Josiah Minot. In 1864 he was ap-
supplemented in course three years pointed to a clerkship in the war
later by that of Master of Arts. He department at Washington and to
is remembered by the college men of the service of the national govern-
his day as an industrious and facile ment there and subsequently in. the
student of good rank, who, at the treasury department, he gave the
same time, was active on lines out- next decade of his life; receiving
side his books and was popular with gratifying promotions to high grades
both his mates and his instructors. of trust and responsibility.
At Dartmouth he was a member While thus engaged he continued,
of the long-established and famous in such spare moments as were avail-
Kappa Kappa Kappa secret society able, the study of law, and in 1866
and since has been honored by elec- was graduated fiom the law depart-
tion as the head of its organization, ment of Columbian University at
His interest in and love for his alma Washington, being admitted soon
mater never have flagged, a fact after to the bar of the District of
that was recognized by his choice Columbia and in 1882 to practice
as president of the general association before the supreme court of the
of the alumni of the college from 1898 United States.
to 1902; and in one of the best local In 1874 General Baker made the
branches of that association, that at wise decision to retire from the govern-
the national capital, General Baker, ment service and give his whole time
has been an active and loyal worker to the law. His success as a practi-
and for years its President. During tioner in the national capital, among
Commencement Week of June, 1913, the picked men of the profession from
Dartmouth will pay due honor to her all over the country, was immediate
semi-centennial class of 1863, honor and great and brought him nattering
that will be richly deserved in the case financial returns. Cases involving
of this one, at least, of its surviving valuable properties and rights and
members. large sums of money were fought and
By nature a student and a lover of won by him in all the courts of the
books, General Baker has not allowed district, up to and including the su-
the demands of his professional and preme court of the nation. To the
public life to deny him the pleasure natural endowment of what might
and the profit of wide, yet choice, be called a "legal mind," General
reading. He is one of the best in- Baker added immense industry, un-
formed and most truly cultured men flagging energy and courage and great
Hon. Henry M. Baker
67
skill in the elucidation of principles
and the presentation of evidence.
During these years of his activity
in Washington Mr. Baker jealously
guarded his rights of citizenship,
and scrupulously exercised them,
never failing to attend town meeting
and other elections in Bow, his legal
residence, and exerting himself with-
out stint to forward Republican poli-
tical success in New Hampshire.
He gained his military title by
service as judge advocate general,
with the rank of brigadier general,
on the personal staff of Governor
Moody Currier in 1886 and 1887.
In 1890 he was nominated by ac-
clamation as the candidate of the
Republican party for state senator
in the Merrimack district, then one
of the closest and most hard fought
in the state, and won by a decisive
majority and by twice the plurality
which his party's candidate for gover-
nor received in that district.
General Baker was made chairman
of the judiciary committee of the
upper branch of the legislature and
in that capacity did splendid service
in separating the wheat of desirable
enactments from the large amount of
chaff that came up from the lower
house. He was chairman, also, of
the important joint special com-
mittee on the revision, codification
and amendment of the public statutes.
In 1905 General Baker yielded to
the desire of his townsmen and
returned to the legislature as the
representative from Bow in the house,
where he served on the judiciary
committee and was chairman of the
committee on national affairs, anhonor
that was appropriate in view of
what had in the meantime transpired.
Returning to the House for a second
term in 1907, Mr. Baker was made
chairman of the judiciary committee
at this very important session, when
a fresh start was being made in state
progress, and thus was able to inaugu-
rate valuable work along several
lines, notably that of uniformity in
legislation between New Hampshire
and other states.
But in the interval between his
service in the two branches of the
state legislature, General Baker had
enjoyed and deserved the higher honor
of two terms in the national legis-
lature at Washington, representing
there the Second New Hampshire Con-
gressional District, which he redeemed
at the election of 1892 from Demo-
cratic possession, even though that
was a Democratic year with Cleveland
elected president, supported by a large
congressional majority.
Inspection of the Congressional
Record shows that General Baker was
an active and aggressive member of
the minority and that in the lively
debates of those days he held his own
well, profiting not a little from the
knowledge and experience which his
years of life in Washington had given
him. In this Congress, the 53rd,
he was assigned to the committees on
agriculture and on militia.
In 1894 he was re-elected by a
greatly increased plurality and in the
54th Congress was recognized by
appointment on the judiciary com-
mittee, becoming chairman of one
of its important sub-committees. In
this Congress, as in its predecessor,
General Baker made several eloquent
and thoughtful speeches upon impor-
tant issues which were widely cir-
culated and met with appreciative
and discerning praise.
As a speaker, whether in court, in
congress or on the stump, Mr. Baker
is clear, convincing and interesting,
free from bombast, cheap humor and
appeals to prejudice, and never failing
to win the respect and consideration
of his hearers.
Another important public service by
General Baker was his representation
of the town of Bow as its delegate
to the convention of 1902 to propose
amendments to the constitution of
the state. In this convention he was
chairman of the committee on rules
and a member of the committee on
modes of amendment. He took avery
prominent part in the work of the
convention, proposing some of the
most important amendments that
is
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55
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f
Hon. Henry M. Baker
69
were considered and presenting views
which were, perhaps, in advance of the
public sentiment of the time, hut
which since have been shown to he
sound and desirable.
It is highly fortunate for the state,
as well as for his immediate consti-
tuency, that General Baker was again
available for choice as delegate to the
convention which will assemble at
Concord in June of the present year
to consider further amendment of
the constitution. The unanimous
choice of his town as its representa-
tive in the gathering, he will go into
the convention with a record unsur-
passed by any on the honorable roll
for experience, equipment and repu-
tation. His name is mentioned fre-
quently and favorably in connection
with* the presidency of the conven-
tion, a position which he would fill
with great credit to himself and great
benefit to the state.
While General Baker always has
been a loyal and "regular" Republi-
can, believing in the principles of the
party and devoted to its success, he
was one of the first to see the necessity
for some reforms within its New
Hampshire organization and to revolt
against the domination of the Boston
& Maine railroad in the state.
Largely because he was ahead of his
time in this matter, his candidacies
for the United States Senate in 1901
and 1907 were unsuccessful, although
in them he gave fresh proof of his
courage, capacity and true patriotism.
No man has a more sincere love
for, and a deeper interest in his native
state than has General Baker for and
in New Hampshire; a fact which he
has demonstrated in many ways,
not the least of which is his intelligent
study of her history. Long active
in the work and councils of the New
Hampshire Historical Society, he was
its vice-president from 1903 to 1907
and its president in 1907 and 1908.
He was president of the New Hamp-
shire Society of Sons of the American
Revolution in 1902 and 1903 and
again from 1908 to-191 1 ; and has been
Governor of the Society of Colonial
Wins in New Hampshire since 1908,
being eligible for such offices through
the gallant military service of his
forebears on both sides of his ances-
tral tree.
General Baker is a Unitarian in
religious inclination although his gen-
erous gifts for good works and right
causes are ' not distributed on any
sectarian lines. He is a member of
the Masonic order, lodge, chapter,
commandery and shrine, and of the
Wonolancet club and other social
organizations. A charming conver-
sationalist and most agreeable com-
panion, Mr. Baker adds much to
the pleasure of any circle which he
may join.
During the last few years his per-
sonality has been much in the public
eye because of his confidential rela-
tions with his relative, the late Mrs.
Mary Baker Eddy, the founder and
discoverer of Christian Science. Mrs.
Eddy placed absolute confidence in
the ability, integrity and loyalty to
her interests of General Baker, though
he was not a member of her church;
and this confidence was attested by
the terms of her will in which he was
made executor of her large estate,
to serve without bond, having been
during the last years of her life one
of its trustees.
To the arduous duties and heavy
responsibilities of this trust, General
Baker is adding at this writing an
active participation in the national
political campaign, being chairman
of the executive committee of the
Taft League of New Hampshire,
and also is devoting no little time and
thought to his approaching service
in the constitutional convention.
It is a pleasure to his associates,
and an inspiration to the younger
among them, to note the unimpaired
vigor of mind and body, the result of
right living, high thinking and worthy
industry, with which General Baker
discharges today duties as varied and
important and as weighty in their
demands as any he has met in the
long and crowded career here briefly
sketched.
A NOTABLE PASTORATE
By an Occasional Contributor.
An event, the like of which has not
occurred in New Hampshire in recent
years, and rarely, indeed, in earlier
time, was celebrated in the town of
Greenland, on Sunday, February 25,
1912, it being the sixtieth anniversary
of the ordination and installation of
Rev. Edward Robie, D. D., as pastor of
stalled in the pastorate, July 15, 1707,
continuing till his death, September 8,
1760, though for the last four years
of his life he had a colleague, as asso-
ciate pastor, in the person of Rev.
Samuel McClintock, D.D., who suc-
ceeded him, and continued in charge
till his decease, after a short illness,
Rev. Edward Robie, D. D.
the Congregational Church in Green-
land Village.
Greenland was originally a part of
Portsmouth, and was created an
independent parish in 1703. In July,
1706, the church was organized, with
twenty-nine members. The first set-
tled minister was Rev. William Allen,
a native of Boston and a graduate of
Harvard, who was ordained and in-
April 27, 1804, these first two pas-
torates covering, as will be noted
nearly a full century. Dr. McClin-
tock served for a time as a chaplain
in the Revolutionary army, and is
credited with having been present in
that capacity at the battle of Bunker
Hill. He was a learned and able man,
and gained a high reputation as a
preacher. He was succeeded by Rev.
A Notable Pastorate
71
James Neal, who was ordained and
installed May 22, 1805, and died July
18, 1808. There was no settled pas-
tor from the time of Mr. Neal's death
until October 27, 1813, when Rev.
Ephraim Abbott took charge of the
parish, continuing until dismissal at
his own request, October 28, 1828.
Rev. Samuel W. Clark held the min-
istry here from August 5, 1829, till
his death August 17, 1847, and Rev.
Congregational Church, Greenland
Edwin Holt from March 8, 1848, till
his dismissal, on account of ill health,
January 7, 1851.
On February 25, 1852. Rev. Ed-
ward Robie, a native of Gorham, Me.,
was ordained and installed pastor of
this church, and has here continued
actively in the service to the present
time.
Mr. Robie was born in Gorham,
Me., April 5, 1821, and is, therefore,
closely approaching his ninety-first
birthday anniversary. He was the
eldest child of the late Deacon Thomas
T. and Clarissa (Adams) Robie, his
father being a descendant in the sixth
generation from that Henry Robie,
born at Castle Donington, England,
February 12, 1619, who came to this
country in 1639, and, after brief stops
at Dorchester and Salem, Mass., set-
tled in Exeter, where he became a
member of the voluntary combination
for governmental purposes, formed
July 4, 1639, was for some years
prominent in the affairs of the town-
ship, serving as selectman in 1649-
50 ; removed, later, to Hampton where
he was a leading citizen for many
years, and where he died, April 22,
1688.
He fitted for college at Gorham
(Me.) Academy, from which he grad-
uated in 1836, immediately entering
Bowdoin College at Brunswick, and
graduating with the class of 1840, at
the youthful age of nineteen years.
He took the three years' course at
Andover Theological Seminary, from
which he graduated in 1843, and im-
mediately went abroad, pursuing
advanced studies for two years in the
University of Halle, near Leipsig,
Germany. Returning home he be-
came teacher of languages in Gorham
Academy, where he continued till
1848, when he took a position as
assistant teacher of Hebrew, at the
Andover Theological Seminary, con-
tinuing for three years, meanwhile
occasionally preaching as a supply.
Indeed he had supplied the pulpit
of the Greenland church for several
months before his installation in the
pastorate, so that the people were
making no experiment in his selec-
tion, and his long continuance amply
demonstrates the fact that they made
no mistake.
The call to the pastorate, extended
to Mr. Robie, was signed by John G.
Pickering, Rufus \Y. Weeks and Simes
Trink, committee for the parish, and
John T. Parrott, William J. Pickering,
and John L. Brackett, committee for
the church. Eleven churches were
represented by pastor and delegates,
at the ecclesiastical council holden
72 The Granite Monthly
for his ordination and installation, worth, honest citizenship and Chris-
namely those at Gorham, South Ber- tian manhood. He is a clear thinker,
wick and Kittery, Me., and Durham, a great reader and close student, and
Exeter First and Second Churches, his sermons evince a high order of
North Hampton, Hampton, Rye, scholarship. In 1893, though then
Great Falls and Raymond, N. H. 72 years of age, he took a special
Of the nineteen ministers and dele- course at Harvard University, that
gates composing the council, only one he might more thoroughly master
—Rev. Solomon P. Fay, then of certain subjects with which he pro-
Hampton, now of Dorchester, Mass., posed to deal in his sermons. His
survives, as stated by Dr. Robie in his reputation as a scholar and preacher
sermon, preached at the recent anni- of the first order of ability, is wide-
versary occasion. spread, and has been duly recognized.
At the time of his installation Dartmouth College conferred upon
there were 36 members of the church, him the honorary degree of Doctor
and the present membership is 41, of Divinity in 1876, and Bowdoin
though the population of the town at College, his Alma Mater, similarly
the last census was but 575, as against honored him in 1894.
732 in 1850. One hundred and eight December 28, 1852, Dr. Robie was
members have been added during united in marriage with Susan P.
Dr. Robie's pastorate, of whom the Jameson, daughter of Rev. Thomas
greater portion have passed on. Of and Elizabeth (Lord) Jameson, of
the members at the time of his in- Effingham, N. H., who died, June "12,
stallation, but one survives — Mrs. 1878, without children.
Jane Kennard Packer. During his At the recent anniversary observ-
pastorate, also, Dr. Robie has solem- ance, the Methodist Society — the
nized 179 marriages, and officiated at only other religious society in town —
541 funerals, burying almost as many with its pastor, and the townspeople
people as are now residents of the town, generally with many from adjoining
In his long ministry Dr. Robie has towns, were in attendance to enjoy
baptized, married and buried many the exercises, which embraced special
couples whose children, also baptized . musical features of high order, and to
at his hands, are now in the midst of testify by their presence their respect
active life. He has been preacher, and esteem for the venerable pastor,
pastor, counsellor and friend, an whose life, it is hoped, may be spared
exemplar in all that makes for true for further years of useful service.
THE DEAD THRUSH
By Rev. Thomas H. Stacy, D.D.
Within my hands I held a wounded thrush
Until its panting ceased,
Fell low its trembling wing;
And then, at set of sun, I buried it
Beneath the silent trees,
Where it was wont to sing.
Who cares to know where lies the buried thrush?
Who miss its song divine,
When dies the summer day?
Rewards? And are there none for such as sing
To lift a human life,
And speed it on its way?
BEAUTIFUL WASHINGTON
By Harry V. Lawrcnn
One Thursday afternoon in May
I left Boston at 3 p. m., and arrived
in New York at 9 o'clock in the even-
ing. At the Grand Central Station
I found my old friend, Mr. Frederick
A. Gill, who was the best banjo
player in Harvard College some years
ago, and we went up town to his
bachelor quarters, after getting a
little lunch.
On the way up town I asked my
friend if he knew where "One Minute
Street" was located, and, he informed
class nine from The College of the
City of New York. I shall never
forget this afternoon as my friend
was the scorer, and, before the game
ended up in an argument, T thought
I was lucky to get away with my
life. At about 9 p. m. I left Jamaica
and arrived at Mr. Gill's quarters,
about two hours later, where I spent
the night. Saturday morning I left
New York and went to Jersey City,
and waited for a party of New Eng-
land people who were to take a train
The Capitol, Washington
me that he had never heard of it
before. I hated to do it, but, I had
to tell him that it was "Sixty Second
Street." After a good talk we re-
tired, and Friday morning I went to
Jamaica, Long Island, to find another
old friend, Mr. Edward C. Chicker-
ing, a former resident of Exeter,
N. H., who has recently written "An
Introduction To Octavia Prsetexta."
Going to the Jamaica High School
I found Mr. Chickering with his
pupils, and in the afternoon we vis-
ited the ball grounds to witness a
game between Jamaica High and a
for Washington. Unfortunately their
boat was held up by a fog in Long
Island Sound and the result was, that
the railroad authorities had to put
on a special train and take us to Phil-
adelphia. In going around a curve
near Newark, N. J., our engineer set his
"air brakes" very quickly, as there was
a factory fire near the track, and an ex-
cited crowd in the vicinity. "We ar-
rived in Philadelphia at noon and then
had our dinner in the rear of the Broad
Street Station. As I was alone, a
waiter seated me at the end of the
very long table and some of the tour-
74
The Granite Monthly
ists seemed to think I had charge of
the party. I thought it would be
all right to have a little fun with them,
so I kept up this deception for a short
time before they "got wise" to my
little game.
After dinner several of us visited
an art gallery and then we watched
the gold-braided "cops" handle the
street traffic, while we waited for our
train. These Philadelphia "cops"
are slow-going fellows, but, they have
got the teamsters "eating out of their
hands."
At three o'clock we left Philadel-
phia and arrived at the National Cap-
Avenue and took one long look at the
building he "took it all back." On
early charts the Capitol was called
"Congress Hall," but this name was
given up. The first work in connec-
tion with the Capitol was performed
by four foreigners, William Thorton,
a native of the West Indies, Stephen
Hallet, a Frenchman, George Hadfield
an Englishman, and James Hoban,
an Irishman. The corner-stone of
the Capitol was laid by President
Washington, September 18, 1793.
The first native American among the
Capitol architects was Charles Bul-
finch, of Boston, who built the ro-
Congressional Library Building
ital in time for supper at the Metro-
politan Hotel. My first move was
to remove my vest, as it was quite
warm in Washington, and not at all
like Boston weather the first of May.
After a night's rest at our hotel, sev-
eral of us went to the Capitol, Sunday
morning, and, I think that almost
every American who visits Washing-
ton has a feeling of pride after an in-
spection of this magnificent struc-
ture. It is said that a man from the
West told his friends, while on the
way to Washington, that he thought
it was a great waste to put so rruch
money into building the Capit< i, but.
after he arrived on Pennsylvania
tunda, the old dome and the library.
On December 2, 1863, Crawford's
"Goddess of Liberty" took her stand
upon the summit of the dome, and this
crowning statue overtops the streets of
Washington by over four hundred feet.
Around this building are fifty acres of
lawn and park and the Capitol itself
covers three and one-half acres of
ground. If one looks down Pennsyl-
vania Avenue at the eight million
pound dome poised against the back-
ground of sky, they see a picture that
is unsurpassed by any of the works of
modern architecture. A spiral stair
runs up to the crowning cupola, which
contains a large lantern, lighted only
Beautiful Washington
75
State, War and Navy Departments
when Congress is in session. The
"Goddess of Liberty" above this cu-
pola is twenty feet high and weighs
about fifteen thousand pounds. The
cost of the Capitol, up to this time,
has been about fourteen millions of
dollars in all, and is a moderate sum
when compared with the amounts laid
out on similar buildings in Albany
and Harrisburg.
It seems to me that the Library
of Congress is, next to the Capitol,
the most interesting place to visit
in Washington. This magnificent
structure was commenced in 1889 and
completed eight years later at a cost
of six million dollars. It is a three
story edifice with dome, construc-
ted in the Italian Renaissance style
of architucture and has nearly two
thousand windows. Every part of
the wall, ceiling or floor betrays the
touch of the decorative artist. One
can not appreciate this library un-
less they visit it several times, as
paintings, mosaics and sculpture meet
the eye on every turn. This library
has the largest collection of strictly
law books in the world. It includes
the most complete single collection
Corcoran Art Gallery, Washington
76
The Granite Monthly
of Yearbooks (reports of the cases
decided in the English courts during
the reigns from Edward I to Henry
VIII), many early editions of the
classical treatises on Angle-American
law, an almost complete collection of
the first editions of the session laws
of Rhode Island and Massachusetts,
and it is developing a good working
collection of the modern law litera-
ture of all the countries of the world.
One afternoon I had a talk with a
Captain of Police, who was on duty
at the library, and this man told me
about the women he came in contact
be the largest masonry structure in the
world. The cornerstone was laid in
1848 and the monument was finished
in 1884. The original designs were by
Robert Mills. An iron stairway and
an elevator afford access to the apex.
If visitors wish to take the time to walk
up they can read the interesting tab-
lets fastened to the inside wall. These
tablets have been sent to the author-
ities by different states and historical
societies.
While visiting the Senate Chamber
one morning I had the opportunity of
hearing Senator Carter of Montana,
Tomb of Washington, Mount Vernon
with, and the peculiar things they
would do while visiting the library.
He ended up his little talk by saying:
' ' I have as good a wife as any man, but,
she does many things I can't account
for, and I have given up trying."
Another place of great interest to
Capital visitors is the Washington
Monument. It is probably not gener-
ally known that the first public monu-
ment to George Washington is now ly-
ing in ruins on top of a mountain near
Boonesboro, Maryland. This stone
tower was dedicated July 4, 1827, by
soldiers who fought under Washing-
ton. The present Washington Monu-
ment is 555 feet high and is said to
with his quick and snappy Western
style, Senator Daniel of Virginia, with
his slow Southern drawl, and Senator
Gallinger of New Hampshire, who had
the more conservative Eastern style
of oratory.
At the Metropolitan Hotel there
were more than fifty Senators and
Congressmen, and it was a treat to
get at a table with some of these men.
One night a young Congressman from
the South, wearing the typical black
slouch hat these Southern orators al-
ways wear, was standing in the hotel
wine room about midnight singing a
tune I had never heard before. This
man had evidently taken "a little too
Beautiful Washington
1 1
much," and he was singing: "There's
a hole in the bottom of the ocean."
Another very interesting place to
visit in Washington is the Corcoran
Art Gallery. This handsome build-
ing was opened in 1897 and the style
of architecture is Xeo-Grecian, the
material being white Georgia marble,
on a basement of Milford pink granite.
In connection with the Gallery a free
school of art is maintained.
One beautiful afternoon I boarded an
electric car for Mount Vernon, Vir-
ginia and, the first thing of importance
people who have visited this fa-
mous cemetery realized for the first
time what the Civil War meant to
this country. Under oiie stone are
the bones of 2111 unknown soldiers,
and in this cemetery are buried over
16,000 soldiers who fell in the Civil
War alone.
Before leaving the Capital City I
took a ride on a "Seeing Washington"
car and this trip covers the Capitol,
Washington Monument, Smithsonian
Institution, Corcoran Art Gallery.
Ford's Theatre, Library of Congress,
Arlington, Old Home of the Lees, Alexandria
I observed, was the conductor throw-
ing a negro into the street because he
tried to steal a ride. After a fine ride
through Alexandria, wTe arrived at
Mount Vernon and entered the grounds
through a gate. Mount Vernon has a
quiet and peaceful atmosphere and it
is a beautiful estate. The govern-
ment maintains a postal station on the
grounds on account of so many postal
cards being sent from Mount Vernon.
After an inspection of the old house
and the Tomb I returned to Washing-
ton.
One afternoon I visited Arlington,
Virginia, and, I think all those
State, War and Navy Building, White
House, Treasury Department and
many other points of interest to the
tourist. The young man who had
charge of this car was a "knocker,"
and, as we approached a large apart-
ment house, he said: 'This hotel is
the home of many prominent politi-
cans, and, its name is, Hotel "Graft-
on." Near the Smithsonian Institu-
tion he discovered a young colored
couple "spooning" under a tree. Just
as our machine arrived in front of
this couple, he pointed his finger at
them, and said: "Here is a good illus-
tration of the old song, "Under the
78
The Granite Monthly
Shade of the Old Apple Tree." On mac River, I took one long farewell
a Thursday morning I left Washing- look at "The City of Magnificent
ton, and as our train crossed the Poto- Distances."
1 Seeing Washington '
ETERNITY
By Stewart E. Rowe
I wonder if, off there, Beyond the Sea
The Sea of Life, now breaking at my[feet —
I wonder if, beyond its waves, I'll meet
The One who waits, and waiting, longs for me?
And yet, perhaps — in years still yet to be, —
That shall be mine on earth Before the Call —
Maybe I'll meet the One— My All in All—
My Birth, my Life, my Death — Eternity!
So, if not deep within Life's Vale of Tears
O'er which the sighing Life-Winds moan and toll,
Then, on that Shore, unwashed by waves of tears —
Beyond the Sea on which Life's Willows roll —
I'll meet the One and in the forge of years
Our lives will blend and form one deathless soul!
MAJOR RICHARD WALDRON
[This article, contributed by a member of the Society, was published in the Collections of the N. H. Historical
Society some thirty years ago, and is here reproduced as of general historical interest.]
Richard Waldron, or rather Wal-
dern, as he spelled it, of Dover, was
born at Afcester, in Warwickshire,
and was baptized January 6, 1615-16.
He came to this country in 1635, per-
haps to see the country; stayed about
two years, and returned to England,
where he was married. Before he re-
turned here he had purchased land
of Captain Wiggin, the agent of the
Squamscott patentees, on Dover Neck.
After his return to Dover he pur-
chased a large tract of land at Coche-
cho Lower Falls, where, in 1640, or
perhaps a little earlier, he established
his residence. His house and his first
purchase were on the north side of
the river. He built the first sawmill
on the lower falls, and engaged in
trade with the Indians, thus laying
the foundation of the settlement long
known as Cochecho and now the seat
of business of the flourishing City of
Dover.
He continued long actively engaged
in the business of lumbering, and in
the Indian trade, both at Dover and
Penacook. He erected mills both
on the lower and upper falls, and re-
ceived large grants of land and timber
from the town, on terms beyond doubt
advantageous, the earliest remaining
being in 1642 and 1643. As the con-
sideration for one of these grants he
agreed to erect a meeting house on
Dover Neck, forty by twenty-six feet
stud, and to be finished in 1654. The
records which remain show that he
was a comparatively wealthy man at
his emigration, and his business was
conducted with such prudence and
judgment that he was a successful and
prosperous man.
The births of three of his children
are recorded in Boston, from which
it is inferred that he was for a time
engaged in business there.
Mr. Waldron was a signer of the
Combination which is dated October
22, 1640, his name following next
after Mr. Larkham's, the minister.
He was one of the selectmen in 1647,
when the records commence, and in
twelve other years, as the recordsshow,
though in some years the records are
defective, and for several years he was
town treasurer. He was elected dep-
uty from Dover to the General Court
in 1654, in 1656 to 1663, in 1665 to
1674 inclusive, and in 1677. In 1675
he was elected deputy from Saco,
residence not being a necessary quali-
fication, and in 1679 he was deputy
from Kittery. He was often speaker
of the Assembly, or House of Repre-
sentatives, being elected to that office
in 1666, 1667 and 1668, in 1673^-5
and in 1679.
Mr. Waldron was elected one of the
commissioners for the decision of small
causes in 1654, 1657, 1662, 1666 and
1667 and was elected an Associate
[judge] of the County Court in 1650,
1652, 1653, and 1654 (probably in
1655 and 1656 when the records are
deficient,) in 1657 and annually after-
ward to the close of the Massachu-
setts government here. He was ap-
pointed commissioner to sit in the
county courts of the County of York,
in Maine, in 1668, and afterwards
till 1679; and for many years he ex-
ercised magistratical power both in
New Hampshire and Maine. And he
was one of the Commissioners ap-
pointed in 1668 to receive the sub-
mission of the towns of Gorges'
Province.
As a magistrate his sentence upon
three fanatical Quaker women, to be
whipped ten stripes in several towns
would now be repugnant to every sen-
timent of humanity and justice.
While no one doubted his honest de-
sire to discharge his duty, his death
was regarded by the Quakers, whose
numbers there were increased by their
persecution, as the righteous retri-
80 The Granite Monthly
bution of heaven upon a persecutor, ties to the recent treaty at Dover, and
It maybe said in his excuse that he the residue were Indians of the south-
was carried away by the excitment of ern tribes, who were allies of Philip,
the time, for we find in the General and upon his death had fled for secu-
Court records of Massachusetts, 1662, rity, to their kindred at the eastward,
8 October, ''In answer to the petition and, according to Indian usage, were
of the inhabitants of Dover, praying readily received into their tribes. The
relief against the spreading of the military force of the County of Nor-
wicked errors of the Quakers among folk, under Major Waldron, and of
them, it is ordered that Captain Kittery, under Captain Frost, were
Richard Waldron shall be, and hereby there met. No hint or explanation is
is, empowered to act in the execution given of the occasion or the pretenses
of the laws of this jurisdiction against upon which so large and unusual an
all criminal offenders in the said town assemblage of the natives was gath-
of Dover, as any one magistrate may ered, or so large a military force was
do, until this court take further order." collected there. It could not have
We need no better evidence than the been by accident, and we are left to
silence of his contemporaries, that his conjecture some ground for it consis-
conduct as judge, during so many tent with the character of a Christian
years must have been generally satis- people. It was, as the Indians under-
factory. stood, a time of profound peace, and
The records show that Mr. Wal- they considered themselves perfectly
dron was very often employed on safe, as shown . by the presence _of
special service for the business of the their women and children. The
town. He is designated as Captain Massachusetts government had or-
Waldron as early as 1653, and in 1675 dered their troops to seize all southern
he was the major and commander of Indians, wherever they could be
the militia in the County of Norfolk, found. Lile and Hawthorne proposed
He had the command in the great to seize these Indians by force, but
Indian war known as King Philip's Waldron, fearing that many would
War, which commenced in 1675, and escape, contrived a stratagem to ac-
was active in his efforts for the pro- complish their capture without blood-
tection of the people. In the follow- shed. He proposed to the Indians
ing year the Indians, who had suf- to have a sham fight the next day, and
fered from famine, caused by the se- they agreed to it. The Indians
verity of the winter, sued for peace formed one party and the white sol-
and applied to Major Wrddron for his diers another. In the midst of the
mediation, and a treaty was con- game the whites suddenly surrounded
eluded at Cochecho, 3d July, 1676, the whole body of the Indians, and
signed in behalf of the whites by Wal- made them prisoners almost without
dron, Shapleigh and Daniel, which em- exception, before the Indians were
braced all the eastern Indians. aware of the intended deception. The
Soon after some troubles occurred captives were disarmed, the southern
upon the Kennebeck, and two com- Indians sent to Boston and the others
panies of troops went in that direction, set at liberty. Of those sent to Bos-
under the command of Captains Lile ton some five or six were hung and
and Hawthorne. When they arrived the remainder sold into slavery,
at Dover, on the 6th of September, Of this transaction different opin-
1676, there were assembled there ions may, perhaps be entertained. It
about four hundred of the Indians, is said, and probably with truth, that
with some of their women and chil- Major Waldron was opposed to the
dren. They consisted, about one half seizure, both on the ground of poliey
of them, of Penacooks, who had taken and honor; but the orders of his gov-
no part in the Philip's war, and Ossi- eminent were imperative, and as a
p*.es and Pequawketts, who were par- military man he felt bound to obey
Major Richard Waldron
81
them. The Indians never forgave
him, and, more than twelve years
after, their vengeance was satisfied by
his death.
In the winter of 1077 Major Wal-
dron had command of an expedition
against the Indians which was, how-
ever, attended by no decisive results.
One of its incidents may be weighed
in connection with the affair of Sep-
tember 7. A parley was held at the
mouth of the Kennebec. It was mu-
tually agreed to lay aside arms and
negotiate for the ransom of prisoners,
but Waldron espied the point of a
lance under a board, and, searching-fur-
ther, found other weapons, and, tak-
ing and brandishing one towards them,
exclaimed: "Perfidious wretches!
you intended to get our goods
and then kill us did you?" They
were thunderstruck, but one, more
daring than the rest, seized the
weapon and attempted to wrest it
from Waldron's hand. Captain Frost
seized hold of Meginneway, one of the
murderers of Brackett and others, and
dragged him into his vessel; a squaw
caught up some guns and ran from
the woods; at that instant a reinforce-
ment arrived from the vessels, and the
Indians scattered in all directions, pur-
sued by the soldiers. Sagamore
Mattahouse and an old powwow and
five other Indians were killed and five
others captured, and some booty
taken. Maginneway was shot-
Major Waldron was ever a steady
supporter of the Massachusetts gov-
ernment, and was the leader in the
opposition to the attempts made by
the King's Commissioners, Colonel
Nichols, Sir R. Carr and Mr. Maverick,
in 1665, to establish a separate gov-
ernment under the royal authority;
and in 1675 and the following years,
till the establishment of the Provin-
cial government in 1680, he was the
leader of the people in opposition to
the claim of Mason. With few ex-
ceptions, his title to his own large
real estate, lying beyond the limits of
the Hilton or the Swampscot Patent,
were derived from grants of the town,
and the titles of most of his neighbors
had no other foundation. The inhabi-
tants of Dover, with one voice, pro-
tested against the claim of Mason,
declared they had bona fide purchased
their lands of the Indians, recognized
their subjection to the government of
Massachusetts, etc., and appointed
Major Waldron to petition the King-
in their behalf.
Upon the establishment of the
Provincial Government, under Presi-
dent Cutt, in January, 1679-80
Major Waldron wras appointed one
of the Council. The President and
Councilors were all opposed toMason's
claim, and friends of Massachusetts.
"They saw that their appointment
was not from any respect to them or
favor to the people; but merely to
obtain a more easy introduction to
their new form of government. They
would gladly have declined acting,
but, considering the temper of the
government in England, the necessity
of submitting to the change, and the
danger of others being appointed
upon their refusal, who would be
inimical to the country, they agreed
to qualify themselves, determining
to do what good, and to keep off
what harm they were able."
Mr. Waldron accepted the appoint-
ment with reluctance, and was ap-
pointed Deputy President of the
Province, and commander of its
military forces, consisting then of
one foot company in each of the towns
one troop of horse, and one company
of artillery at the fort.
President Cutt died on the 27th
of March, 1681, and Major WTaldron
succeeded him as President, and
remained at the head of the govern-
ment until the arrival of Governor
Cranfield, on the 4th of October.
Cranfield had become a mortgagee of
Mason's interest in the Province, and
was thus interested in sustaining his
claims. Waldron had exerted his
influence against Mason, and in six
days after Cranfield's arrival he was
suspended, on frivolous pretext, from
the Council, but was restored in
November following. He was ap-
pointed, 15th February, 1682-3, chief
82 The Granite Monthly
judge of the special court constituted they were not ye more bound to believe it
for the trial of Edward Gove and because the King had writt it.
others, who were indicted for high Robert Mason,
treason, for a foolish attempt to Richard Chamberlain,
oppose the government. The accused Jos- Raynes-
were convicted and sentenced, but Sworn in Court the 27th September, 1683.
were pardoned, after a tedious im- R- Chamberlain, Prothonotary.
prisonment, by the government in
England. Both these fines Major Waldron
Major Waldron refused to take a was. compelled to pay by an arrest
lease of his lands from Mason upon of bis body.
requisition of the Governor, though . August 24, 1685, a warrant was
he proposed to refer the matter to the issued for the arrest of Major Waldron
Governor, that he might state the as a perturber of the peace by R.
case to the King for his decision, as Chamberlain, as Clerk of the Council,
directed by his commission, and he directed to Job Clements, constable
was again suspended from the Coun- of Dover, to be brought before the
cil. Mason commenced his law-suits Deputy Governor and Council, Sep-
against the land owners of the tember 1, to find sureties of the peace
Province by a writ against Waldron and answer, etc.
for large damages. He appeared in Mr. Waldron was not restored to
court and challenged the jurors as tne Council and remained without
interested persons without success, office afterwards,
some of them having taken leases Though peace continued with the
of Mason, and all of them living on Indians, yet the garrison houses were
lands which he claimed. The judge maintained at Dover, as they had
then caused the oath of Voire dire been during the last war. Of these
to be administered to each juror, Waldron's was one of the principal,
that "he was not concerned in the In June 1689 the people of Dover
lands in question, and that he should became suspicious that the Indians
neither gain nor lose by the cause;" were unfriendly. Larger numbers
upon which the Major said aloud to seemed gathering than was usual for
to the people present, that this was a the purposes of trade. Many strange
leading case and that if he were faces were among them, whose scru-
cast they must all become tenants tiny of the defences attracted notice,
to Mason, and that, all persons in but Waldron could not be convinced
the Province being interested, none of danger. Vague intimations were
of them could legally be of the jury." given by some of the squaws to alarm
The cause, however, went on, but he the whites, which were not then
made no defence, asserted no title understood. A young man in the
and gave no evidence on his part, and morning told Major Waldron that
judgment was given against him. the town was full of Indians and the
At the next court of sessions he people were much alarmed; but he
was fined five pounds for mutinous replied he knew the Indians well
and seditious words, and was further and that there was no danger; yet
prosecuted and fined ten pounds for information of the expected attack
language used by him on a former bad been sent to the Massachusetts
occasion, as stated in the following government by Major Henchman of
affidavit: Chelmsford, and they despatched a
messenger to Cochecho who would
That upon the 3d day of May, 1681, have arrived in season to have
Richard Waldron Esq. of Cochecho, then defeated the attempt, but for an
Deputy President of this Province did unon -a j. i j , ±- o t i
V* said day, above writt, at StSerrvBank! accidental detention at Salisbury
declare about ye King's letter, then newly ferry-
brought over by Robert Mason, Esq... that On the evening of the 27th of June
Major Richard Waldron
83
1689, two squaws, according to the
previously arranged plan, applied
to each garrison for leave to sleep
there, which was often done in time
of peace; and they were readily
admitted at Waldron's garrison and
three of the others. At their request
they were shown how to open the
doors if they wished to leave the
house in the course of the night. No
watch was kept and the family
retired to rest. In the hour of deep-
est quiet the gates were opened, the
Indians, who were waiting without,
immediately entered, placed a guard
at the gate and rushed into the
Major's apartment. Awakened by
the noise, he sprang from his bed
seized a sword, and, though 73 years
old, drove them through two or three
rooms; but, returning for other arms,
they came behind him and stunned
him with a hatchet. Drawing him
into the hall, they placed him in an
elbow chair, on a long table, with a
derisive cry, "Who shall judge Indians
now? ' Then they obliged the mem-
bers of the family to get them some
supper. When they had finished
eating they cut the Major across the
breast with knives, each one with a
stroke saying, "I cross out my ac-
count." Cutting off his nose and
ears they thrust them into his mouth,
and when he was falling down, spent
with the loss of blood, one of them
held his own sword beneath him.
He fell upon it — and his sufferings
were ended. In this attack twenty-
two persons were killed and twenty-
nine made prisoners.
Major Waldron's eldest son. Rich-
ard, was Councilor and Chief Justice
of the Court of Common Pleas, and
his grandson Richard, was Councilor
and Secretary of the Province.
A MIRROR
By Emma F. Abbot
WThat a change would be wrought on this gray old earth,
How happy the world would be,
Were our neighbors always unselfish and kind,
Helpful and true! But are we?
If others would live by the golden rule, —
Never misjudge nor condemn,
And never gossip, defame nor harm —
Just as we do by them!
If they would be generous in a deal,
Seeking for our best good,
Instead of a watch for the upper hand,
Just, as you know, we would!
Why do some folks rush for the choicest seat
At a table, car or hall,
And the next best guard for their coming friends
As we never do at all?
Why do they hurry and jostle and crowd?
Why do they grab for the best,
And care not who else is pushed out in the cold?
Do we act so by the rest?
84 The Granite Monthly
'Tis strange they should speak in impatient tones
To those who are dull and slow.
Why not be even and patient and sweet,
As we always are, you know?
'Tis easy to see where our neighbor fails,
And to criticise him some,
But there'd be less of relish in the task
If we had to look at home.
It would be a source of joy and peace,
A check to many a fuss,
Did we never a sermon to others preach
That is not first preached to us.
The first among those who have overcome
Are always the last to condemn,
By seeking in others to find the best
We give of our best to them.
Midst a host of smiles, should a single frown
Cause us to feel hurt and sad —
Forgetting the ninety and nine of good,
Remembering one of bad?
The things worth while are the things that last;
'Tis the worthless that decay;
There are many objects to tempt the time,
But only a few that pay.
The whole world will cheer at the brilliant deed,
And fawn at the wealth's increase;
But 'tis poor success to have won applause
Compared with a mind at ease;
For the world, its applause, the lofty place,
And the riches will soon be gone,
And we, on a level with all, will stand
For just what we are alone.
Yet, from all the baubles our hands have held,
Most easily can we part.
We have all things needful and all things best
If love be in the heart.
Love for the dwellers of all the earth
Binds us to the world above.
For our final pass word, our final hope,
And our final home is love.
THE PROGRESS OF GEOGRAPHICAL
DISCOVERY
By Fred Myron Colby
Most people can perhaps remember
when, to them, the world was bounded
by the immediate horizon. The dis-
tant hills and mountains, that seemed
to tower right up into the sky, to their
childish imaginations, were the ut-
most confines of the world. Beyond
Mas a terra incognita, an empyrean
space, quite distinct from our own
sphere. I have a perfect recollec-
tion of sitting on my bench at school,
and thinking, as I looked out upon a
mountain outlined against the blue
sky, that if any one ascended the
summit he could plunge off into a great
gulf, illimitable and unexplored. All
my world was this side of that emi-
nence.
I suppose that something after this
fashion the world seemed to the
ancients. Each nation knew little of
anything beyond its own boundaries,
and what little was known was some-
times worse than no knowledge at all.
In some of the old geographies the dis-
tant countries were described from
fancy, and represented as being inhab-
ited by griffins, unicorns, horned men
and all sorts of strange monsters.
The earth itself was, in those ancient
times, supposed to be square and flat,
having a large river, called the Ocean,
flowing all around it, exactly like the
ocean in the Scandinavian universe.
This ocean was believed to be bor-
dered by a vast abyss, into which the
waters plunged — the region of chaos
and lost spirits of the unburied souls
of men.
It was not until after the time of
Herodotus that the geographical re-
searches of travelers satisfied the
learned Greek world that these ridic-
ulous notions were vain supersti-
tions, or the inventions of poets.
Four main causes have led to geo-
graphical discovery and exploration,
viz. : Commercial intercourse between
different countries, the operations of
war, pilgrimages and missionary zeal,
and, in later times, the pursuit of
knowledge for its own sake, which is
the highest of all motives.
The earliest commercial people,
of whose discoveries we have any cor-
rect account, were the Phoenicians.
This wonderful race explored the
shores of the Mediterranean, and
eventually extended their voyages
through the Straits of Gibraltar and
visited the western shores of Spain and
Africa, planting colonies and opening
wider fields for their commerce by
instructing the natives in their arts
and improvements. They also mon-
opolized the trade with India; and
their chief emporium, the rich city
of Tyre, was the center whence the
products of the East and West wrere
distributed.
The trade of the West was brought
from the port called Tarshish in
Scripture, wrhich is probably identical
with Carthage, where the ships arrived
from Spain, Africa and distant
Britain. In the East, the Phoeni-
cian ships extended their voyages as
far as the Malabar coast of India —
conjectural Ophir of the Bible
Egypt was also quite active in
geographical discovery at a very early
date. About six hundred and ten
years before Christ, Pharaoh Neco
dispatched a fleet to circumnavigate
Africa or, as it was then called, the
Libyan continent.
The fleet sailed south through the
Red Sea, and kept on the way until
the spring approached when the
mariners disembarked, drew their
vessels to land, sowed a crop, and
waited until it was grown, when they
reaped it, and again put to sea.
Two \ears thus passed away. At
length, in the third year of their
voyage, having sailed through the
86 The Granite Monthly
Pillars of Hercules, they reached mercial affiliations with Arabia and
Egypt and declared that (as they India were conducive to a steady gain
sailed round Libya) the sun stood at of geographical knowledge,
their right hand, that is, on the north The military genius and the ambi-
of their vessels. This last fact, which tion for universal conquest which dis-
is easily understood by any one who tinguished the Romans led not only
knows the position and shape of the to discovery, but also the survey of
earth, and which has been experienced nearly all Europe and large tracts of
by every one who has crossed the Asia and Africa. Every new war
equatorial line, was for a long time produced a new survey and itinerary
regarded as a fiction by the ancient of the countries which were subdued,
geographers and historians. In the height of their power, the
Another celebrated voyage of antiq- Romans had surveyed and explored
uity, undertaken for the purpose of all the coasts of the Mediterranean,
discovery, was the expedition under the Balkan peninsula, all of Spain,
Hanno, fitted out by Carthage with Gaul, Western Germany and Britain.
a view of attempting the complete Russia, Sweden, Denmark and East-
survey of the western coast of Africa, ern Germany were still unknown
The Peri plus Hannonia, which is the regions. In Africa, Roman influence
record of this voyage, states that extended to the Soudan and the
Hanno set sail with a fleet of sixty Great Desert. In Asia, they were
vessels, and the limit of his voyage acquainted with the more distant
extended beyond what is now known countries overrun by Alexander —
as Sierra Leone. namely Persia, Scythia, Bactria and
A little later Pytheas, a Greek India. Roman intercourse with India
navigator of Massilla, sailed north- especially led to the extension of geo-
ward along the coasts of Spain and graphical knowledge.
Gaul, sailed round the island of In all time, while warriors and
Albion, and, stretching still further to explorers extended the area of geo-
the north, he discovered an island graphical information, there have
known to the ancients as Ultima been students who have striven to
Thule, which may possibly have been systematize and put into form the
one of the Shetland Islands. accumulated knowledge. From the
The conquests of Alexander the first it was perceived that an under-
Great, by making known the vast standing of localities could not be
empires of Persia and India, materially attained without some notion of their
enlarged the bounds of geographical relative positions and their distances
knowledge. Nearchus, the Macedo- from each other. Consequently the
nian admiral, made his famous voyage attempts to establish fixed principles
of discovery under the direction of on which the surface of the earth, or
Alexander. He was absent nearly any portion of it, could be delineated,
three months, following the coast from were almost coeval with the earliest
the Indus to the Euphrates, and the voyages of discovery,
anchorings each night were carefully The first attempt made to deter-
recorded. mine the position of places appears
Under Seleucus, one of Alexander's to have depended on the division of
successors, the Greek Megasthenes, the earth into "climates," distin-
visited the remote city of Patali- guished by the species of animals and
Jutra, the modern Patna, on the plants produced in each. This method,
Ganges, and supplied valuable infor- however, was soon abandoned for
mation respecting the whole Gangetic another, which consisted in observ-
valley. ing at places the length of the longest
The Ptolemies of Egypt fitted out and shortest days by means of a
several expeditions for the purpose "gnomon." An upright pillar of
of African exploration, and their com- known height being erected on a level
The Progress of Geographical Discovery 87
pavement, by observing the lengths Innocent III. sent a mission under
of the meridian shadows, the progress John of Piano Carpini among the
of the sun from tropic to tropic was Tartars on the Volga. A few years
traced. later, 1247, St. Louis dispatched a
This method of observation was Fleming named Ruburquis on a mis-
invented by the Egyptians, and the si on to the great Khan Mangu.
knowledge of it was carried by Thales Friar Oderic, of Pardenone, did
into Greece. The most ancient re- useful geographical work while striv-
corded observation with the gnomon ing to spread the truths of the Gos-
is that of Pytheas, in the days of pel. This medieval Livingstone vis-
Alexander of Macedon, who observed sited Malabar, Sumatra and Java; he
at the summer solstice at Massilla spent several years in China and
that the length of the meridian shadow Thibet, being the first European to
was to the height of the gnomon as visit Lassa, and returned home by way
213 to 600, an observation which of Cabul and Khorasson to Venice,
makes the meridian altitude of the Motives of curiosity impelled others
sun at Marseilles on that day seventy — for instance Marco Polo, who
degrees and twenty-seven minutes. spent seventeen years at the court of
The first to reduce geography to a Kublai Khan of China. Marco was
regular system, and lay its founda- the most famous traveler of his time,
tions on clear and solid principles, was and his description of the countries
Eratasthenes. Strabo and Ptolemy he visited is one of the most valuable
wrote valuable works upon the science, portions of medieval literature.
The most ancient maps that have Two noble Venetians, Nicolo and
reached modern times, with the excep- Antonio Zeno, who were in the service
tion of the rude topographical charts of the prince of the Faroe Islands in
of the Egyptians, are those which illus- the end of the thirteenth century,
trate Ptolemy's geography. recorded their observations respecting
During the darkest periods of the the Norse colonies. Antonio actually
Middle Ages the greatest promoters went to Greenland, and heard of the
of geographical discovery were the visits of the fishermen to two parts of
Northmen. Though famous above North America, called Estotilond and
everything else as vikings and ma- Diogeo. Ibu Batuta, a learned Arab,
rauders, they were also peaceful mer- spent the larger part of his life in
chants and oftentimes explorers, exploration, visiting China, the East
From the eighth to the eleventh cen- Indies and Central Africa,
turies a commercial route from India One of the most remarkable of the
passed through Kief and Novogorod Italian travelers was Ludovico di
to the Baltic. King Alfred sent Varthema, who was the first European
Ulfstan and the Norwegian Oltar on to give an account of the interior of
voyages of discovery toward the Yemen. He afterward visited and
White Sea. described many places in India and
In the end of the ninth century the Eastern Archipelago.
Iceland was discovered and colonized; Such was the world — with the
and in 925 the intrepid viking, Erik exception of the Cape Verde, Madeira
the Red, discovered Greenland, and and Azore Islands, which were dis-
induced some of his Icelandic coun- covered by Portuguese sailors under
trymen to settle on its inhospitable Prince Henry the Navigator — as it
shores. America was discovered by was known to Europeans before
one of Erik's followers, and several of Columbus, by sailing west, discovered
his children successively settled on the the West Indies and South America.
American coast at a place called Vin- All the voyages of discovery since his
land. day are familiar to most people. For
Christian missionary zeal was an- years and years, men sought a north-
other motive for exploration. Pope west passage to the Indies. Ship
88
The Granite Monthly
after ship and fleet after fleet sailed
through the seas and straits, but the
passage was never found. These
vain attempts led, however, to the
discovery of new lands and seas, and
so were not useless.
Wonderful as is the advance of our
geographical knowledge over that of
the ancients, there is still much re-
maining
to be done. Vast areas
around both poles, and in the interior
of Asia, Africa, South America and
New Guinea are yet unknown; even
more extensive regions have only been
partially explored, and millions of
square miles remain to be surveyed
before the work of geographers is
complete.
THE OLD MAN OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS
By George G. Williams
Each break of day, the sun's first rays light up thy rugged face,
While far below, beneath thy crag, the shadows flee apace.
With earnest look thy gaze goes forth o'er mountain, forest, glen;
Thou seest Nature's handiwork beside the work of men.
The eagle circles, in his flight, around thy head on high,
The roar of waters, at thy feet, reach thee a gentle sigh.
The storm cloud gathers over thee, a child of summer heat;
Its angry voice, in echoes clear, from cliff to cliff repeat.
Thy daily shadow, at thy feet, in waters mirrored sheen,
No telltale wrinkles hint to us the years which thou hast seen.
Thou wert the first of all thy clan, these rugged mountains round,
To vision Nature's miracles of beauty so profound.
For thou wast there when Nature's breast by quaking earth was riven
The Flume, of rendered rock looked up to meet the gaze of Heaven.
Down from the rocky mountain side, thou watched the boulder flung
Until, above the rocky gorge, majestically it hung.
The lightnings flash, the bursting clouds were playing round thy face
When torrents, through the chasm, rolled the boulder from its place.
Nor wast thou shocked, thy features stern no trace of fear betrayed.
Thy calmness could not be disturbed, thy look was undismayed.
Thou sawest Nature's graving tools, of rocks in torrent sped,
When, years, she toiled to shapely cut the Basin from its bed.
Here hast thou seen, in years agone, before the Saxon came,
A race of men whose faces shone with veneration's flame.
Humble their look and attitude, humble their hearts beside.
They gazed upon thee worshiping: thy face they Deified.
Thus seasons came, thus seasons passed by their unerring law
Before the "Pale Face" standing there thy solemn grandeur saw.
And if, while gazing thus on high, his head he bare to thee,
Unconsciously, he oped the door of his humanity.
The grandeur and the dignity which emanates from thee,
Though stern and firm, is softened by the tenderness we see.
For thy benign and earnest fac°, which we behold above,
Exhibits a creator's power; reflects a look of love.
Monarch of Mountains, sure thou art, thy feet with beauty shod,
I think whene'er thy face I see, "In the beginning, God! "
Copyright, 191?.
THE ISLES OF SHOALS
By Theodora Chase
A few miles from Portsmouth, again and standing there to show that
N. H. lies a little group of islands Faith cannot be destroyed by human
having the history and personality hands.
of a world. In those islands great This and the neighboring island of
events have taken place. Tragedies, Appledore must have been quite
deeds of valor, bravery, loyalty to large villages. Trading vessels
duty, have made this spot notable, touched here, court was held and on
Capt. John Smith saw these is- Appledore is the site of the first
lands, then wooded and fertile, and William Pepperill's (father of Sir
was so pleased with them that he William) house.
gave them his own name, which was Here men lived and loved, built
afterward changed to the present more homes and reared children, joyed and
euphonious title. sorrowed, sinned and repented, as in
In a clear day these fair isles show the big world beyond the sea.
from Hampton, mystic and shining One can repeople the islands now
as the Blessed Isles. There are no in imagination. As the church bell
trees there now, and the only inhab- rings, the people come sedately forth
itants are summer people, who stay and walk down the paths to church —
at the hotels on the two principal the women and girls in their short-
islands, Star and Appledore. waisted dresses and quaint bonnets,
Years ago, the hotels could not the men in rougher garb. No doubt
accommodate the hosts of pleasure- the fisher lads cast their glances at
seekers, but times have changed here the lassies, who were demurely aware
as eslsewhere. of it, just as they are now. Probably
On Star Island, where Capt. John the parson's sermons and Mistress
Smith first landed, there was formerly Pepperill's gowns were criticized, and
a monument in his honer, but time the same little heart aches and jeal-
and irreverent hands have nearly de- ousies felt that we feel now. These
molished it. Among the rocks, is days did not last. Many moved to
one known as the "School-teacher's the city, across the strip of sea, that
Chair," where a life went out, when they and their children might enjoy
a sleeping girl was caught and en- better privileges, while many others
gulfed in the incoming tide. Here went out from the little church for
also is found Mollie's Cave a mere the last time and were laid in their
hole in the rocks, where a trembling rocky beds where the sea sang softly
woman crouched all night and lis- and did not disturb their slumbers,
tened to the yells of the Indians who Another race sprang up on the is-
were pillaging and murdering her lands, godless, ignorant, wicked fish-
friends and kin. ermen, who "feared not God nor
Pathetic tokens of populous times regarded men." Here, where chil-
are found in the many graves, some ren's voices and songs of praise had
in groups, some isolated all over this been heard, were oaths and ribaldry,
island. It was once known as Gos- Fearful orgies were held and drunk-
port and the quaint Gosport church enness prevailed. These men cut
stands by the sea. The first build- all the trees for firewood, and, when
ing was made from the timbers of none remained, burned up the church
a Spanish vessel wrecked on these for fuel.
shores, once burned, rebuilt, torn We do not know what crusty old
down and used for fuel, yet built misogynist caused the law to be
90
The Granite Monthly
enacted that no woman should live
on these shores, but certain it is that
such a law existed.
It required a terrible tragedy to
decide to which State the islands be-
longed.
When Louis Wagner moored his
boat and crept into the house of his
friend on lonely "Smutty Nose," he
brutally murdered two defenceless
women, but the third escaped and
caused his conviction.
As murderers were hung in New
Hampshire but not in Maine, the own-
ership of the islands had to be decided.
It was proved that the group lay
partly in both states.
On White Island, dwelt a little
child who dreamed strange, wild
dreams as she watched the ever-
changing sea or climbed with her
father to where the light gave forth
its rays to warn mariners of peril.
Those dreams and fancies, translated
into poetry, have charmed the world
and made the name of Celia Thaxter
a household word.
On Appledore, her married life was
spent in part and there still stands
her cottage and her garden blooms
outside. And there she is sleeping
on the spot she loved so well.
On White Island, only recently,
occurred something worthy of all
praise as an example of heroism and
devotion to duty. The keeper of the
light was left with no one but his
wife when his assistant went to
Portsmouth for supplies. The fog
grew dense and remained so for days.
The assistant did not return and
the keeper's wife became very ill of
pneumonia. There was no way of
summoning aid, so he cared for her
himself until he, too, was stricken.
With labored breath, trembling limbs
and dulled senses, he climbed each
night to his lantern and its rays
never faltered although he well knew
that if they grew dim, it would bring
him help.
No doubt thousands of tales
equally as wonderful could be told
of this mimic world of which the
people of Maine used to have a say-
ing. "The whole world and the Isles
of Shoals."
But alas! their glory has departed!
They lie silently waiting to rise on
the next scene in their history.
The brave hearts now so still, and
the sad eyes that weep no more, are
safe, and the poor worn bodies lie
as peacefully as if they reposed in
marble vaults.
And "He who neither slumbers nor
sleeps," knows their resting-place and
loves and pities them all.
GOD'S WAYS ARE NOT AS MAN'S WAYS
By L. J. H. Frost
Know ye who count wealth by its millions,
That God made the green earth for all,
And loves with the same love his children,
Whether men call them great or small.
Come down from thy lofty pedestals,
Where thy rubies and diamonds shine,
And know that with all of thy greatness,
Some one's flagstaff stands higher than thine.
And remember the "mites" of the widow
Weighed more in the Master's esteem
The Musician to His Dog 91
Than the rich men's glittering silver,
With their haughty pride thrown between.
Know ye who boast of your brave deeds,
Standing high in the temple of fame,
There are heroes down in the low valley,
Though the world knows not even their name.
There are bowed heads in many a household,
By labor and sorrow pressed down;
Though they bear not the name of martyr,
They'll at last wear a martyr's crown.
For God's ways are not as man's ways;
He searcheth the hearts of men,
He seeth their secret intentions,
And judgeth the soul by them.
THE MUSICIAN TO HIS DOG
By 'Maude Gordon Roby*
0 Little Dog that men call dumb
Because you ne'er repine,
1 would indeed they had your heart,
And loyalty, divine.
You quickly read and know my thought,
Altho you do not speak,
And in the sympathy you grant
Bestow the boon I seek.
I need not carefully explain
To tell you when I'm sad;
You grieve with me, and kiss my face
Until the whole world's glad.
You read me as I read the sky.
I am your clouds and sun;
Your atmosphere, your happiness,
Until the long day's done.
And when at length, I'm old and gray,
And bent with weight of years,
When feeble is my step and slow,
Bedimmed my eyes with tears,
When, Little Dog, your body lies
Beneath the daisy sod,
I pray they'll let you watch for me
On the Palace-steps of God!
* Maude Gordon Roby is a member of the New England Women's Press Association, also charter member of the
Professional Women's Club of Boston.
PROSE POEMS
A Page from a Day's Note-book
By Harry B. Metcalf
They entered the "L" train at the North Station, and at Sullivan Square I
lost sight of them — a fleeting vision probably never to return. But the picture
held my soul spellbound for those few mimutes, which were like a benediction
at the close of a grim and wearisome day.
They were man and woman, of years seemingly advanced beyond the allotted
sixty and ten. Of their raiment I noted only that it was of poor quality, and
thinned by the wear of many seasons. In the lapel of his coat was the bronz?
button of the Grand Army of the Republic. She was gloveless, and on one
of her lean, worn fingers was a fragile band of gold. His large hands bore the
marks of hard physical toil, made necessary, I could readily infer, by a poverty
that had attended them for years.
But it was their faces that held my soul captive, that touched me with a
pathos whose supreme note was joy. For out of those two faces shone a love
triumphant, each for the other, that neither penury, nor suffering, nor dis-
couragement unspeakable, could diminish or disturb.
His face was round and handsome still, despite the stamp of age and the
indelible mark of many sorrows. That of his frail little wife was furrowed
deep with the lines of time and care, yet the firm pressure of the straight, wide
mouth was the proof of courage unbaffled by pain. I knew that grief had
been a frequent visitor, and I knew, too, that a faith sublime upheld these
two hearts that love had melted into one, for in the eyes of both was an inde-
scribable serenity.
Here indeed was poverty — poverty in all things save the one great treasure
that enriches two human souls.
How vain and empty and meaningless seemed all the trappings of wealth
and luxury; what a mockery all the show of social trumpery, as the tender
picture of that aged pair vanished, with its background of roses and wooded
aisles far back in the hills, where the birds sang of hope at dawn, and the long
pathway down the gray years to the dusk, with that one star overhead!
Sunset
By George P. Leete
It was half-past five of a winter evening, and the sun .was nearing the horizon.
High up in the azure heavens four little gray clouds, tinged with purple, sailed
rapidly toward the west, as if anxious to receive the last blessing of the dying day.
Bright rays of gold shone in all directions, barely touching the distant hills
clothed with fleecy white.
In the distant east the pale, purple clouds were lighted by the golden glow.
Around the sun and across its fiery face raced white downy clouds.
The last ray dips below the horizon, and a gentle stillness steals upon the
earth.
It is night.
A Handsome Testimonial
93
A HANDSOME TESTIMONIAL
On the first of January, 1912. Hon. Frank
Pierce Quimby, retired from his position as
Assistant Paymaster of the Boston & Maine
Railroad, in this city, and, from the railway
service, in which he had been engaged in one
capacity or another, as boy and man, for
forty-two years, having commenced as a
water-boy on construction work, and contin-
ued as section hand, emiinehouse employee,
switchtender and road fireman, till 1883, when
he became bookkeeper in the cashier's office
under John F. Webster. In 1889 he was
made Chief Clerk and Paymaster of the Con-
cord & Montreal Railroad, and became
Assistant Paymaster, stationed af Concord,
under the lease of the C. & M., by the Boston
& Maine.
Just previous to his retirement Mr. Quimby
was presented by his fellow employees, Mr.
John F. Webster acting as their spokesman,
with a costly and elegant clock, a picture of
which is herewith shown, as a testimonial of
their regard and esteem. The clock is a
beautiful as well as valuable picee of work-
manship, elegantly finished, and provided
with four chimes for the quarter hours, and
a chord for the hour. Such a testimonial
counts for much more than its mere intrin-
sic value, since it evinces the love and respect
of the men who have long been the associates
of the recipient.
Mr. Quimby is a well-known citizen of Con-
cord, prominent in public affairs. He has
long been chairman of the Republican City
Committee, has served in the State Senate,
and has just been unanimously chosen a
delegate to the coming Constitutional Con-
vention. He has been for twenty years a
director of the Concord Building and Loan
Association, and six years its Secretary, and
is now devoting his attention to its important
interests.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
HON. SILAS HARDY
Hon. Silas Hardy, a veteran lawyer and
prominent citizen of Keene, died at his home
in that city February 7, after a long illness.
He was a native of the town of Nelson, a
son of Captain Noah and Jerusha (Kimball)
Hardy. His grandfather Hardy was one of
the early settlers of Nelson, removing there
from Hollis just after the Revolution. His
maternal grandfather, David Kimball of
Boxford, Mass., served throughout the Revo-
lution, and was among those who wintered
with Washington at Valley Forge. He also
settled in Nelson.
Judge Hardy spent his early years on the
farm with the meagre educational advantages
Hon. Silas Hardy
afforded by the district school; but at twenty
years of age he commenced teaching school
and fitting for college, and in four years
entered Dartmouth a year in advance, grad-
uating in 1855, with honor. Hon. Nelson
Dingley of Maine, Judge Field of. Massachu-
setts and Judges Allen and Ladd of this state
were among his classmates.
After graduation he was principal of the
Academy at Foxcroft, Me., one year, and
then commenced the study of law in the office
of Hon. Levi Chamberlain of Keene. He was
admitted to the bar in 1858, and immediately
commenced practice in Keene, where he con-
tinued through life.
In 1859 he was appointed Register of
Probate for Cheshire County, serving five
years, when he was appointed Judge of Pro-
bate, and held that office ten years. He was
engrossing clerk for the state legislature in
1860 and 1861, a member of the constitutional
convention of 1876, and a representative from
Ward One, Keene, in 1901 and 1902. He
had also served as city solicitor. He was
prominently connected with the old Cheshire
County Mutual Fire Insurance Company,
and for some time its president. He was
a trustee of the Cheshire Provident Institu-
tion, and a director and president of the Win-
chester National Bank, and was also for a time
a trustee of the Eliot Hospital. He was a
Free Mason, a member of the N. H. Society
Sons of the American Revolution, a regular
attendant of the Unitarian Church of Keene,
and a member of the Unitarian Club.
December 31, 1863, Judge Hardy married
Josephine M. Kingsley of Winchester, who died
in June 1871, leaving an infant son, Ashley K.
Hardy, now Professor of German in Dart-
mouth College.
DR. AMANDA H. KEMPTON .
Amanda H. Kempton, M.D., a homeo-
pathic physician of Newport, died at her
home in that that town, February 13, after
a brief illness.
Doctor Kempton was a native of Croydon,
a daughter of the late Elisha Kempton, born
May 3, 1837. She was a teacher and nurse
for some years, finally taking up the study of
medicine, and graduating from the Medical
Department of Boston University in 1882.
She located in Newport in 1889 and had con-
tinued in practice in that town. She was
kindhearted, generous and charitable to a
fault, and a friend of every good cause; an
earnest temperance worker and an ardent
advocate of equal suffrage. In religion she
was a Baptist. She leaves. a brother — Elisha
M. Kempton of Newport, Register of Probate
for the County of Sullivan.
WILLIAM G. HULL
William G. Hull, a native and prominent
resident of Plymouth, died at his home in
that town, February 13, 1912, aged 85 years
and two months.
He was educated at the district school and
Holmes Academy, Plymouth, taught school
for a time and then became clerk and after-
wards superintendent of the Norcross Lumber
Co., at Woodstock, and later of the Grafton
County Lumber Company at Livermore.
Returning to Plymouth, he engaged in the
glove manufacturing business, in the firm of
McQuesten & Hull. Later he was a partner
in the famous "Russell Store," with Samuel
C. Webster.
Politically he was a Democrat, and held
various town offices, as well as that of rep-
New Hampshire Necrology
95
resentative. He was also Postmaster of
Plymouth under the second Cleveland admin-
istration. He was a member and treasurer of
the Plymouth town history committee, and
contributed much to the success of the publi-
cation. He was a member of the Congre-
gational Church and of Olive Branch Lodge,
A. F. & A. M., of Plymouth.
In 1854, he married Laura T. Crockett of
Holderness, who died in 1S80. Two sons —
Arthur C, and Heber W., — survive.
DR. CHARLES F. PATTERSON
Charles Frederick Patterson, M.D., born
in Merrimack, N. H., August 13, 1867, died
at his home in Rye, October 16. 1911.
Doctor Patterson was a graduate of Mc-
Gaw Normal Institute of Reeds Ferry, Bryant
and Stratton Business College, and Dart-
mouth Medical. He was a member of the
Portsmouth Medical Society, the Rockingham
Medical, the New Hampshire Medical Soci-
ety, New Hampshire Surgical Club, and
American Medical Society.
Doctor Patterson went to Rye in 1896,
where he located in practice and continued
with much professional success until his death.
He took an active part in all the town
affairs and was always ready for any matter
which might come up to improve the welfare
of the town. He was for several years a mem-
ber of the school board.
He is survived by a widow, Katherine
Drake Patterson, whom he married in 1900.
DR. FRANCIS J. STEVENS
Francis J. Stevens, M.D., the oldest Odd
Fellow in the State of Massachusetts, died at
his home in Haverhill in that state, February
7, 1912.
He was born in Gilford N. H., June 20, 1824,
removed to Schenectady, N. Y., graduated
from the Albany Medical College and com-
menced practice at Hampstead, N. H., later
removing to Haverhill where he continued.
He had served as state coroner and as a repre-
sentative in the Massachusetts legislature.
He had also served on the school board and as
chairman of the Republican City Committee.
He had been an Odd Fellow for sixty-five years
and held all the offices in the order. He was
also a 32d degree Mason. He leaves a widow.
ISAAC N. ABBOTT
Isaac Newton Abbot, born in Concord,
January 4, 1834, died there February 2, 1912.
Mr. Abbott was the son of the late Joseph
Story and Esther (Farnum) Abbott, and was
born on the farm where he spent his life and
on which he died — one of the best in Merri-
mack County, and well known for many years
as the "Dimond Hill Farm." He attended
the public schools and the Hopkinton and
New London Academies, and then devoted
his life to agriculture with great success,
milk production for the Concord market
being his leading specialty in later years.
Mr. Abbott, had a record for continuous
service in public office for a longer period than
any other man in the state, so far as is known,
having been clerk of his school district for
52 years, being elected in old "No. Seven"
when 23 years of age, and continuing, after its
merger in the town district, until March, 1910,
when he retired and was succeeded by his son,
Isaac N. Abbott at 50
Joseph N. Abbott. He had also served as a
member of both branches of the Concord City
Government, and as a representative in the
legislature from Ward 7. He held the con-
fidence and esteem of his fellow citizens in
large measure, and was entrusted with the
care and settlement of many estates. In
politics he was a Republican and in religion
a Congregationalist, worshipping at the old
North Church in Concord.
He married, November 26, 1862, Martha,
daughter of Aaron and Eliza (Sherburne)
Smith, who died December 11, 1908, leaving
three children who now survive — Almira F.,
wife of Alfred Clark, Joseph Newton who
occupies the heme place, and Helen S., all of
Concord.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
An event of interest to New Hampshire
friends who have been familiar with his
notably successful career was the observance,
on the twentieth of January last, at the
University Club in New York, of the seventy-
sixth anniversary of the birth of Col. Oilman
H. Tucker, Secretary of the American Book
Company, and the completion of fifty years
of service in his present connection. A com-
pany of some two score friends of Colonel
Tucker, with whom he had been brought into
close business relations during his years of
service, assembled upon the occasion to do
honor to their friend and associate. George
A. Plimpton, of Ginn & Co., presided, and
among those present were many of the most
prominent representatives of the book-trade
throughout the country as well as the princi-
pal officers of the American Book Company.
The speaking, which was participated in by a
goodly number, was of an unusually high
order and justly complimentary to the guest
of the evening, whose appreciation of the com-
pliment paid him was fittingly voiced. Colo-
nel Tucker is a native of the town of Ray-
mond, and will be remembered as the subject
of an extended biographical sketch in the
Granite Monthly for Mav 1910.
It is generally conceded that the member-
ship of the forthcoming Constitutional Con-
vention, the delegates to which were chosen
at the recent annual town meetings and special
elections in the cities holden on the same
day, embraces a large number of able men who
have been prominent in the legislative serv-
ice of the state and in other public capacities.
Among these may be named Ex-Attorney
General Edwin G. Eastman of Exeter, and
his law partner, John Scammon, former presi-
dent of the Senate, Rosecrans W. Pillsbury
of Londonderry, Col. Daniel Hall and Arthur
G. Whittemore of Dover, Albert Demeritt
of Durham, William B. Fellows of Tilton,
Edwin C. Bean of Belmont, Oscar L. Young
and John T. Busiel of Laconia, James E.
French of Moultonborough, Paul Wentworth
of Sandwich, George W. Stone of Andover,
Willis G. Buxton of Boscawen, Gen. Henry
M. Baker of Bow, Judge John M. Mitchell,
James O. Lyford, Allen Hollis and Nathaniel
E. Martin of Concord, Edwin F. Jones of
Manchester, Edward H. Wason; Everett E.
Parker and Charles J. Hamblett of Nashua,
Ezra M. Smith of Peterborough. George E.
Bales of Wilton, Robert E. Faulkner and
Joseph Madden of Keene, James Duncan
Upham of Claremont, Jesse M. Barton of
Newport, Hiram Parker of Lempster, Charles
O. Barney of Canaan, William F. Whitcher
of Haverhill, Raymond B. Stevens of Landaff .
Thomas F. Johnson and Jason H. Dudley,
of Colebrook, Alfred R. Evans of Gorham,
George F. Morris and Irving W. Drew of
Lancaster. So far as the public is aware
there has been little if any canvassing of dele-
gates as to the choice of a president of the
Convention, though several names have been
mentioned in that connection as those of men
qualified for the position, among them being
Judge Mitchell and James O, Lyford of Con-
cord, Gen. Henry M. Baker of Bow, ex-
Attorney General Eastman of Exeter, Col.
Daniel Hall of Dover, Irving W. Drew of
Lancaster, Edwin F. Jones of Manchester
and Edward H. Wason of Nashua. Up to
the present time woman suffrage and the
initiative and referendum are the only two
subjects of proposed constitutional amend-
ments that have been publicly discussed to
any extent.
The presidential ante-convention campaign
is in active progress in New Hampshire, as
well as in other states, especially on the Re-
publican side. Activity has been very much
enhanced by the personal participation of
President Taft and ex-President Roosevelt
in the canvass for the nomination. Mr.
Taft came to the state and addressed large
crowds of people at Nashua, Manchester and
Concord on Tuesday March 19. Col. Roose-
velt, who was greeted by a large and enthusi-
astic crowd, at Dover on the 23d, while
en route to Portland, Me., where he spoke in
the afternoon and evening, is scheduled
to visit this state during the first week in
April. Meanwhile Governor Bass and other
"Progressives" are addressing large meetings
in different sections in the Colonel's interest.
While it is evident that a large majority of
the office holders and politicians of the domi-
nant party are heartily supporting President
Taft in his campaign for renomination there
is a decided difference of opinion as to the
preferences of the rank and file, and only a
preferential primary, which at this writing
seems unlikely to be held, can settle the
question satisfactorily. No active movement
has as yet been made on the Democratic side
Wanted, at this office, a copy of the Gran-
ite Monthly for September, 1894 — Vol. 17,
No. 3 — also copies of Nos. 9 and 10 — Sep-
tember and October— Vol. 13, 1890. Any
one who can forward either or all of the de-
sired numbers will be liberally compensated
for so doing.
HON. JOHN KIMBALL
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 4 APRIL, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 4
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
X
Hon. John Kimball
By H. C. Pearson
On April 13, 1912, Honorable John in handsome typographical form and
Kimball, "the most trusted man in with many portrait illustrations by
Concord," as the city history well the Republican Press Association of
styles him, reached the ninety-first Concord in 1885 and which gives a
milestone in his remarkable life. great amount of interesting informa-
It is timely, therefore, for the April tion concerning his ancestors and near
Granite Monthly to include in its relatives.
series titled above a brief recital of the We learn from it that the family of
good works and lasting achievements Kimball is from the county of Cum-
in which Mr. Kimball has led the berland, England, and that of the
state of New Hampshire and its Cap- many thousands who honorably and
ital City. creditably bear the name in all sec-
Even imperfectly and incompletely tions of this country most are de-
told, this story of how unaided indus- scended from Henry and Richard
try, integrity and ability can fill with Kimball, who sailed from Ipswich in
honors and happiness a long life old England in April, 1634, and landed
should arouse in those who read it in due time at Ipswich in New Eng-
admiration for, and emulation of its land, Massachusetts Bay Colony,
subject. Richard Kimball's grandson, Caleb,
Mr. Kimball was born in Canter- purchased land in Exeter, New Hamp-
bury, New Hampshire, April 13, shire, upon which his son, John,
1821. Three years later his parents settled early in the eighteenth century,
moved across the Merrimack River John's son, Joseph, removed from
into Boscawen, and in 1830 to the Exeter to a farm in Canterbury in
village of Fisherville, now Penacook, 1788. Six years later Joseph's son,
in the south part of that town. In John, followed his father inland and
1848, in young manhood, he entered settled upon the paternal acres in
upon a citizenship in Concord which Canterbury.
now has extended continuously over There on December 27, 1794, was
more than threescore years. born Benjamin Kimball, in the sev-
Mr. Kimball himself was the care- enth generation from Richard, the
ful compiler of "A Genealogical founder of the family in America.
Memoir of the Ascendants and De- Benjamin married Ruth, daughter of
scendants of Joseph Kimball of Can- David Ames of Canterbury, February
terbury, N. H.," which was published 1, 1820, and to them five children
98
The Granite Monthly
were born, of whom but two lived to
maturity: John, the subject of this
sketch, and Hon. Benjamin Ames
Kimball, president of the Concord
and Montreal Railroad.
The elder Benjamin Kimball was a
man of ability, activity and enter-
prise, prominent, as were the other
Kimballs who have been mentioned,
in the affairs of his time and place.
His early manhood was spent in
farming in Canterbury, in Northfleld,
and on High Street, in Boscawen.
In 1830 he purchased of Hon. Jere-
miah Mason of Portsmouth, attorney
for the United States Bank, its lands
and waterpower at what is now
Penacook, and moved there, residing
in the house still standing to the east
of the famous old Penacook House
hotel. In the following year he built
what is known as the lower dam
across the Contoocook river and put
in operation the brick grist mill ever
since in use there. This was the first
utilization of the water power at those
falls.
He was also engaged extensively in
the lumber business. But his health
failed, and he died July 21, 1834,
without having been able to take the
seat in the legislature to which he had
been elected in the previous March.
After forty years of widowhood his
wife died at the home of her son, John,
in Concord, on October 22, 1874.
John Kimball attended in boyhood
the town schools of Boscawen and in
one year, 1837, the Concord Academy.
This was the extent of his education
under teachers, but throughout his
long life, by keen and wide observa-
tion, by the reading of many good
books, by self-directed study, espe-
cially in history, he has richly stored
his mind and trained his faculties;
and the honorary degree of Master of
Arts was never more worthily be-
stowed by Dartmouth College than
upon him in 1882.
As a speaker and writer Mr. Kim-
ball is clear, direct and interesting,
this last quality being particularly in
evidence through his marvelous mem-
ory, retaining personal impressions of
and connection with the great men
and chief events of almost a century.
He has long been an active member
of the New Hampshire Historical
Society.
At the age of fourteen, in 1835,
Mr. Kimball worked for Col. Henry
Gerrish on what is now the Merri-
mack County farm, six months, at
$6 per month. The next season he
worked for his uncle, Jacob Gerrish,
on the adjoining farm, where the
Gerrish station now stands, for $7
per month, carrying home all his earn-
ings for both seasons to his widowed
mother, thus demonstrating his indus-
trious habits and his filial devotion.
At the age of seventeen he was
apprenticed as a millwright to Will-
iam Moody Kimball, his father's
cousin, and spent four years in
thoroughly mastering that trade" In
1842 he rebuilt the grist-mill in the
"Valley of Industry" at the north
end of Boscawen Plain and subse-
quently had a material part in the
great development of manufactur-
ing at Suncook, Manchester, Lowell
and Lawrence. In later years he
has had much pleasure in visiting
these scenes of his first endeavors and
in obtaining testimony as to the last-
ing qualities of his earliest work, into
which he put the same qualities of
honesty, intelligence and thorough-
ness that have characterized his whole
life.
In 1848, the Concord Railroad,
having completed large shops in the
city of Concord, called upon young
John Kimball to take charge of them ;
which he did with such success that
in 1850 he was made master mechanic
of the road, a position which he held
until 1858, thus having a large part
in the beginnings of New Hampshire's
railroads and writing his name indel-
ibly upon the records of her trans-
portation history as he already had
done in her early industrial life.
Now began in Mr. Kimball's career
a long period of honorable and dis-
tinguished public service. In 1856
Hon. John Kimball
99
he was elected to the common coun-
cil of the city of Concord and upon
re-election for a second term in 1857
was made president of the body. In
1858 and 1859 he represented Ward
Five of the city of Concord in the
lower house of the legislature, being-
made chairman of the committee on
state prison.
From 1859 to 1862 Mr. Kimball
discharged the dual duties of city
marshal and collector of taxes, the
former position in particular being
tion of this responsible office was
considered by his superiors in Wash-
ington a model of duty efficiently done.
In 1870, upon the organization of
the Merrimack County Savings Bank,
Mr. Kimball became its treasurer,
and has ever since been officially con-
nected with this staunch and success-
ful financial institution, continuing
as treasurer until the death of Presi-
dent Lyman D. Stevens, whom he
succeeded in that office, which he now
holds, and always exercising a control-
Residence of Hon John Kimball, Cor. North Main and Warren Sts., Concord
no sinecure in those war time days
when Concord was full of soldiers on
their way to the front and feeling was
running high.
In 1862 President Lincoln appoint ed
Mr. Kimball collector of internal
revenue for the second New Hamp-
shire district, made up of the counties
of Merrimack and Hillsborough. This
office he held until 1869, when he
resigned, after having turned over to
the government almost seven million
dollars in collections without the error
of a single penny. His administra-
ting influence and guiding hand in the
affairs of the bank.
Mr. Kimball also has been for many
years a director in the Mechanicks
National Bank. A director of the
Concord Gas Light Company for a
long period, he succeeded the late
Hon. Nathaniel White in its presi-
dency and for many years past has
been its treasurer. In 1880, when
the Manchester and Keene railroad
was placed in the hands of the state
he was appointed by Chief Justice
Doe one. of the trustees.
100
The Granite Monthly
In 1872, 1873, 1874 and 1875 Mr.
Kimball was mayor of Concord, and
no one in the long and honorable
succession of occupants of that office
has done so much as he for the munic-
ipality in the way of permanent
improvements and public utilities.
Previously, in 1861, he had served
on a committee which investigated
the subject of fire protection for the
city and which made a report result-
ing in the purchase of the first steam
fire engine in Concord. And in 1870
Soon after his first inauguration
five out of the seven principal bridges
in the city were carried away or badly
damaged by freshets and the work of
their replacement and repair was
carried out by him with a thorough-
ness which put them beyond the
danger of future floods. Some cav-
iled then at the cost of these improve-
ments, but time has abundantly
vindicated the wisdom of Mayor
Kimball's course.
The sixth and present Federal
Kimball School
he had served on another committee
which considered the important sub-
ject of an adequate water supply for
the city and took the first steps
towards securing Long Pond (now
Penacook Lake) as the main source
of such supply.
In these and other ways and by his
service in other municipal offices Mr.
Kimball had gained a knowledge of
the needs of the city which could not
be surpassed and which was of great
advantage to him and to Concord
during the important years in which
he sat in the mayor's chair.
bridge across the Merrimack at the
North End was one of these struc-
tures and its unimpaired stone foun-
dation bids fair to outlast even the
twentieth century. The wrought iron
bridge across the Contoocook in the
main thoroughfare of the village of
Penacook also was replaced during
his administration, its opening being
made the occasion for something of
a celebration.
Mayor Kimball was at the head of
the building committee which in 1875
erected the present central fire station
on Warren Street, at a cost of $30,000,
Hon. John Kimball
101
Avhich, together with the excellent
water supply, also secured during
this administration, with Mayor Kim-
ball as ex officio president of the water
board, and the efficient organization
of the fire department, have made the
record of the city of Concord as to
losses by flames one of the best in
the country for cities of its size.
During these years in which Mr.
Kimball was superintendent of repairs
on highways and bridges as well as
mayor, the streets of the city were
improved and made modern; the
beautiful Blossom Hill Cemetery was
and was one of the committee first
named to remodel the structure in
accordance with the contract Concord
made at that time.
After his retirement from the office
of mayor Mr. Kimball kept right on
serving the city most usefully. For
many years he was at the head of the
water commission. In 1888 he was
a member of the building committee
which had charge of the construction
of the new high school building at
State and School Streets, now the
Parker School, and of the new gram-
mar school building on North Spring
Parker School
doubled in size; new schoolhouses
were built, including the Penacook
School, now the oldest in active
service in the city; the system of
sewerage was enlarged, and in every-
way Concord was made worthy of
being the capital city of the state of
New Hampshire.
And in this connection it should be
recorded that not a little credit
belongs to Mr. Kimball for keeping
the state capital in Concord. In
1864, when Manchester made a great
fight to supplant Concord as the seat
of state government, Mr. Kimball was
one of the leaders in the successful
fight to retain the state house here
Street, named in his honor the Kim-
ball School. He was for many years
moderator of Union school district
and his interest in all educational
matters always has been active and
useful. Two years since he presented
the city of Concord land for a spacious
playground at "Fosterville," the need
of which had long been realized.
It was not long after his retirement
from the mayor's chair before the
state of New Hampshire began to ask
service of him. In 1876 he was a
delegate to the convention to propose
amendments to the constitution of
the state and served as the chairman
of its committee on finance.
102
The Granite Monthly
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Hon. John Kimball 103
In May, 1878, he was appointed tiful observance of his ninetieth birth-
chairman of the commission to erect day.
the new state prison building which Another church which has been the
was completed October 28, 1880, object of his generosity is that of
within the $235,000 appropriation, a the Penacook Congregationalists, to
model structure of its kind and a which, because of early associations,
marvel in the value obtained for the he and his brother, Hon. Benjamin
money expended. A. Kimball, gave a bell in 1876 in
Mr. Kimball represented the Con- memory of their father and to the sup-
cord district in the New Hampshire port of which they often have contrib-
state senate of 1881-2 and was uted in other years.
honored with the presidency of that For many years he was president
body, a difficult position which he of the New Hampshire Odd Fellows'
filled to the acceptance of all. Home and now, as for a long time past,
In politics Mr. Kimball has been a holds the same position in reference
Republican from the beginning of to the New Hampshire Centennial
that party, which he helped to form Home for the Aged. All who are
in 1856 and to whose cause and can- acquainted with the historj' of these
didates he has given loyal and valua- most worthy Concord institutions
ble support in all the years that have know how much they owe to Mr.
followed. For a quarter century, Kimball's interest and influence.
1865-1890, he was treasurer of the Two other state philanthropies
Republican state committee, and his with which Mr. Kimball has had long-
advice and counsel have been sought official connection as treasurer are
and appreciated by many of the the New Hampshire Bible Society,
famous leaders of the party, national which this year celebrates its cen-
and state, from Abraham Lincoln tennial, and the New Hampshire
down. Orphans' Home at Webster Place,
During his later years Mr. Kimball's Franklin. Here the benevolent inter-
life has been as distinguished for its est of Mr. Kimball is visibly and
religious and philanthropic activities substantially shown by the John
as was his earlier career in business, Kimball Memorial Chapel, one of
politics and finance. In 1843 he many worthy monuments by which
joined the Congregational church his name will live long after him.
at Boscawen and ever since has been For many years Mr. Kimball has been
one of the most prominent laymen of an almost daily caller at the head-
that denomination in New Hamp- quarters of the Bible Society on
shire. For many years he was a School Street in Concord, and the
deacon in the South Congregational present sound condition of the soci-
church of Concord. Upon declining ety's finances, by which it is enabled
further service he was made deacon to continue and increase its good
emeritus, which position he still holds, work, is the result of his wise admin-
As far back as 1860 he was one of the istration of its affairs,
building committee which had charge Mr. Kimball's most recent bene-
of the erection of its present church faction, in which he is associated with
edifice. Seven years later he was one his brother, Hon. Benjamin A. Kim-
of twenty-five associates who raised ball, and Mr. Frank L. Gerrish, is to
funds for its enlargement and in the take the form of a handsome colonial
decades that have followed his purse building on Boscawen Plain to house
always has been open for the many the town records and the town free
needs of the society and its various library. This is but one more expres-
lines of work. Partial acknowl- sion of the deep interest which Mr.
edgment of its debt to him was made Kimball always has felt in this town
by the society in the form of a beau- of his early boyhood and tenderest
104
The Granite Monthly
memories. On the occasion of the
150th anniversary of the settlement
of the town, August 16, 1883, he and
others presented to the town a memo-
rial stone to mark the site of the first
meeting house, and in behalf of the
donors Mr. Kimball made a brief, but
very interesting historical address of
presentation.
He was one of the guarantors for
the publication in appropriate form
of the proceedings of this celebration,
as he previously had been for the
publication of the History of Bos-
cawen and Webster, written by their
John Kimball Chapel, N. H. Orphans' Home
eminent son, the late Charles Carleton
Coffin.
The Old Home Week idea appealed
greatly to Mr. Kimball from the first
and he has attended and taken part
in many of the observances of the
festival in Boscawen and Concord.
The writer recalls particularly his
address at Concord's first and most
elaborate celebration, in 1899, and
one some years later, at Boscawen, at
which Mr. Kimball astonished and
delighted the assemblage by giving
from memory, without a slip in names
or dates, the story of the families
living in his section of the town
seventy years before.
Mr. Kimball's residence on the
southeast corner of North State and
Warren Streets, in Concord, was
purchased by him in 1849 and has
been his home ever since. It was
originally occupied as a school for
girls, kept by the Misses Kirkwood,
who located in Concord in 1833.
Here Mr. Kimball has a choice library
and passes the years of his tenth
decade most happily, the center of an
affectionate home circle and the object
of admiration, respect and pride on
the part of all his fellow citizens.
Mr. Kimball first married May 27,
1846, Maria Phillips of Rupert, Vt.,
who died December 22, 1894. Their
one child was a daughter, Clara Maria,
who married Augustine R. Ayers of
Concord. To Mr. and Mrs. Ayers
seven children were born of whom
four now survive, two daughters and
two sons. The elder daughter,
Ruth, educated at Wellesley jmd
Cornell, is a teacher. The second,
Helen McGregor, is the wife of Dr.
Robert J. Graves of Concord and the
mother of two children, so that Mr.
Kimball has in his near neighborhood
three generations of his descendants.
The eldest living son, Augustine H.,
a graduate of Dartmouth and the
Thayer school, married Bernice
Celeste Millen of Winona, Minnesota,
and is now a civil engineer in Alberta,
Canada, in charge of one of the largest
irrigation plants in the Dominion,
whose construction he supervised.
The younger son, a graduate of Dart-
mouth, '11, is now pursuing a forestry
course at Yale University.
Mr. Kimball married, second, Octo-
ber 15, 1895, Miss Charlotte Atkin-
son of Nashua, a member of a leading
Boscawen family.
To four generations of Concord
people the tall, erect form of John
Kimball, his strong, but kindly face,
have been familiar and beloved. How
he has aided and directed the city's
progress has been told, in part. How
much he has done for individuals, the
extent of his personal and private
charities, how great the value has
been of his service to widows and
orphans in the settlement of estates
Hon. John Kimball 105
and the management of trust funds the sturdy yeoman and artisan stock,
cannot be estimated. has won his way by tireless industry
One of the best conceptions of Mr. unblemished integrity, sterling hon-
Kimball's character and tributes to estv and sound good sense to posi-
his worth has been made by Hon. tions of responsibility and promi-
James 0. Lyford in his biography of nence A man of probity, he has the
one of Mr. Kimball s contemporaries, conndence of the entire state. Fr:nik
!-he ]ate Senator Edward H Rollins, and outspoken of clear judgment,
in which the author writes: To no f } . ^ discharge of public or
one man is the city 01 I oncord more , T , T/? , ,, -
• ii+if •+ ™ i • 1 i ~ 4. private duties, John Kimball is a rep-
mdebted lor its material advancement ^ .. J ' , , . , -, ,
and internal improvement during the resentative of the highest ideals in
first quarter century of its municipal citizenship Four times mayor of
existence than to its esteemed citizen, Concord, he gave the city a business
Hon. John Kimball. The name is a administration unexcelled m its his-
household word in Concord. It con- tory. He could have been governor
veys a meaning to the present gener- of the state if he had consented to
ation peculiar to itself. It is the consider the nomination at the hands
name of a man who, springing from of his party."
AT ALEXANDRIA 30 B. C.
By Frederick Myron Colby
Past palms and accacias the sea to greet,
The Nile flows on through the gleaming sand;
And the hot sun glares on the porticoed street,
And scorches the ancient, shadowy land.
The temples are hushed in the mid-day heat,
The sentinels drowse at the guarded gate;
And down in the pools where the waters meet
The ibis stands dreaming in solemn state.
But hark! on the air sounds music sweet,
And the hum of voices and din of arms,
As a royal pageant sweeps down the street. —
( Ileopatra's own self with her undimmed charms.
What colors then glowed in the eastern sun!
What sparkling of jewels bedazzled the eye!
What a thunder of plaudits her majesty won;
The shouts of her worshippers rent the sky.
Great Isis! She sat in her lacquered chair,
The proudest of all that bejeweled throng;
To her cinctured waist fell her gem-decked hair
That rippled and shook to her henchmen's song.
From the columned porch where I sat in the shade
I could catch the flash of her splendid eye;
Could trace the faint shadows her sandals made
On her rose-veined feet, as her train passed by.
106 The Granite Monthly
And I, a poor seller of raisins and figs,
Dared lift my rapt eyes to this haughty queen;
And she through the crowd of tiaras and wigs
Met all my bold glances with gracious mien.
What cared I for Caesar or Antony then,
At the thought, 0 Egypt, of what might be?
I deemed myself the proudest of men
To be loved, divine Cleopatra, by thee.
Up through the courts of her palace grand,
I followed the tread of her slave girl's feet.
Up through the leopards that crouched on the sand,
Guarding the door of their sovereign sweet.
And there she lay on her throne of gold,
While out on the street the sun glared red;
And I felt the blood leave my heart so bold,
For I gazed on the great Cleopatra — dead.
Out under the porticoes still I stray,
Selling dates and figs to the passers by;
But never the same have I been since that day
When my luscious figs caught Cleopatra's eye.
AN AWAKENING
By L. Adelaide Sherman
Light of the Day that is dawning,
Love signals, crowned on the hills.
Rosy-glow, amber-glow, answer the challenge —
Bide if he wills.
Rapture-thrilled, waiting, and drowned in the light,
I have forgotten the night.
Voice of the Spring in the valley,
Love signals, up from the sea.
Silver-shod, blossomed-crowned, answer the challenge-
Deathless are ye.
Heart-chilling, soul-numbing winter has fled,
Spring rules forever instead.
Joy-bells, that ring at my casement,
Love signals, shrined in my soul.
Throbbing bells, thrilling bells, answer the challenge —
Long echoes roll
Bridging the silence with music divine.
Lo, now, my birthright is mine.
MISSOURI AND NEW HAMPSHIRE
By F. B. Sanborn
Missouri is one of the largest and
richest states in the Union, and has
long had a conspicuous share in the
struggles for wealth and for political
power in the past hundred years.
Added to the nation by the foresight
of Jefferson and the diplomacy of
Monroe, — both following the astute
plan of Napoleon for weakening the
naval predominance and the com-
mercial monopoly of England, Mis-
souri as a Territory (Upper Missouri)
soon became the prize of one of the
first contests between the friends of
negro slavery in Congress and the
nation at large. New Hampshire
took no doubtful part in that struggle.
As it came on in 1818-19, and became
an issue in the beginning of 1820, the
citizens of New Hampshire, with
hardly any distinction of party,
united in opposition to the extension
of slavery over virgin territory. Vot-
ing at the annual election of March,
1820, the Democrats of Portsmouth
sent that ablest of the Federalist
lawyers, Jeremiah Mason, to the
Legislature for the particular service
which he soon performed. In June
he was put at the head of a special
committee of the two houses on the
Exclusion of Slavery from Missouri;
reported in favor of such exclusion;
and wrote this resolve, which the
two branches almost unanimously
passed.
"That in the opinion of the Legislature the
existence of slavery within the United States
is a great moral as well as political evil, the
toleration of which can be justified by neces-
sity alone; and the further extension ought
to be prevented."
Both parties agreed in this opinion,
and it represented rather too mildly
the opposition of Webster, at that
time, to the institution which 30
years later, he made violent efforts
to preserve.
In the interval from 1820 to 1860,
settlers had flocked to the banks of
the serpentine Missouri River, and
St. Louis had become a seat of great
inland commerce. New Hampshire
sent out several of her most enter-
prising sons to profit by this commerce
or to practice the professions there:
William and James Smith of the
famous Peterborough family, nephews
of Judge Smith of Exeter. To
take charge of a college which the
beneficence of the Smiths and their
friends had founded, my good old
teacher, Joseph Gibson Hoyt of the
Exeter Academy, to whom I am more
indebted for the sounder part of my
education than to any other teacher,
went to St. Louis in 1859. Ha did
not live to feel the whole stress of
the Civil War, but his friends and
family felt it; and his neighbor and
political associate, Amos Tuck, our
Rockingham congressman, whose son
has so liberally commemorated his
father and friends, afterwards became
a resident of St. Louis. I found him
there when I spent a few sad days in
that city, on the occasion of my
brother's death there in 1872, and he
was kindly helpful to me in those
melancholy circumstances.
Long after those days I was visited
in my house by the river here in 'Old
Concord' (as we call our town to
distinguish it from the capital of New
Hampshire, which was named for us),
by two ladies from Sedalia in Western
Missouri, whose errand and whose
family history is the occasion of my
writing these pages for the Granite
Monthly. They were the widowed
daughters of Gen. George Rapin
Smith, the founder of Sedalia, and one
of the civilizers of Missouri; and
their errand was to submit to me the
material for a memoir of their father,
with a request that I would edit it.
I was so occupied with other literary
108
The Granite Monthly
work that I could not undertake it;
but I gave some labor to the prepa-
ration and revision of the material,
and on its completion in 1904, after
a year or two spent in arranging
letters, etc., I read it with much satis-
faction. Being privately printed it
has had but small circulation in this
part of the country; but the inter-
esting descriptions of the primitive
life of the pioneer settlers, and the
active share which General Smith
had in the rescue of his state from the
hands of Atchison, Jackson, Harney
and the other disunionists of Mis-
souri, together with the importance
of the course thus pursued by Frank
Blair, Gratz Brown, General Lyon
and the radical Union men, were
such that I will communicate passages
from the book of 400 pages to our
readers.
In a recent publication, Mr. Villard
of the New York Evening Post was
misguided enough to say that the
South was never a colonizing section.
It would have been nearer the fact
to say that the slaveholding portion
of our country did little but colonize;
just as bees do little in the way of
honey-making except by swarming.
Negro slavery in the United States
was of such economic character
that new territory was constantly
required on which to employ it.
While it survived in New Hampshire,
throughout the eighteenth century,
it was carried from place to place by
enterprising traders who picked up
slaves here and there, — generally, I
suppose, at the West Indies or in
Dutch Guiana, with which several
New Hampshire sea-captains traded,
— and distributed them at the seaports
or inland towns of New England.
Jonathan Longfellow of Hampton
Falls, whose mother was a grand-
daughter of Henry Green, one of the
early provincial judges, was one of
these enterprising traders, after being-
bred as a miller at the falls which
give the name to the town. At or
before his mother's death in 1741,
Jonathan took his share of the prop-
erty and went trading; he imported
slaves, and with four of them he paid
for a large farm in Deerfield, which
he bought of one Leavitt of Exeter,
and settled on it with his wife and six
children. Rev. John Scales says of
him:
"Capt. Longfellow, an enterprising business
man, bought and sold slaves, and did not
give all of them to Leavitt. His sons-in-
law, Joseph Cilley and Nathaniel Batchelder
of Deerfield, had some of them after Long-
fellow removed, first to Rye, and then to
Nova Scotia and Machias. Some of the
descendants of these imported slaves live at
Exeter now, worthy citizens, unmindful of
their ancestry."
At the census of 1790, General
Cilley, the Revolutionary hero, owned
four slaves, doubtless of the Long-
fellow lot; two other Cilleys of Deer-
field owned three, and two Butlers
owned one each, — there being eleven
slaves in all in the little town of Not-
tingham, including Deerfield.
George Rapin Smith was the son
of a Virginian (George Smith, the
son of Thomas of Powhatan county),
and was born August 17, 1804; the
same year he removed to Kentucky
with his father, a Baptist preacher, —
was educated chiefly at Georgetown,
Scott county, and in 1820, at the age
of 16, inherited property by the
death of his father. At 23 he mar-
ried, having previously studied law,
and been made county sheriff. His
father-in-law, General Thomson, was
an active, prosperous man, who had
fought Tecumseh under General Har-
rison, and was ready to colonize from
Kentucky to Missouri in 1833, as he
had already, like his son-in-law, col-
onized from Virginia to Kentucky.
The removal began in October, 1833,
and here is the account which Mrs.
Smith, General Smith's daughter,
gives of it:
"Our grandfather, Gen. David Thomson,
with Grandmother, left their home this year,
with eight of their children, to make a new
home in Missouri. Three children had
Missouri and New Hampshire
109
already married, — Manlius, the oldest, re-
mained behind, practicing law in George-
town, Kentucky; but Mildred Elvira, the
next oldest, had married Mr. Lewis Redd
Major, and they, with four children and a
large family of negroes, decided to emigrate
to the new country. Melita Ann, the third
child, and two little girls also took seats in
her father's commodious carriage for the
long, tedious journey of 700 miles. Besides
slaves, of whom there was a large company,
and the two younger boys were to accompany
him.
" Our mother and grandmother, our two
young girl aunts, my sister and myself, all
traveled in one large carriage, with a negro
man, Jackson, driving, and Grandpa on
horseback to find the roads and judge of the
crossings. The carriage was a great yellow
coach, closed all around from air and light,
1
'«4Bg
■'■■■^V N
^H
Gen. George R. Smith
ourselves there were two other little girls in
the party; our aunts, Marion, a lovely child
of ten, and Melcena, the baby sister of eight, —
the two youngest children of Gen. Thom-
son. Mentor Thomson, the second son, with
his bride, Miss Cora Woolridge of Hopkins-
ville, did not make the trip when we did, but
came some months later. Of the three other
boys, Milton, Morton and Monroe, aged
19, 17, and 15, — Milton Thomson was
detailed by his father to take charge of the
except for the windows in the doors. It sat
high up on springs, and had folding steps
by which to ascend into its broad deep-
cushioned seats. Outside was a driver's seat,
high up above the horses, and behind was
another large seat for an outrider, whose
duty it was to open gates and attend to the
family. The whole was drawn by a pair of
horses, and a saddle-horse ran beside, which
was used alternately by the ladies to relieve
the tedium of the journey. In another party
110
The Granite Monthly
went the caravan of covered ox-wagons, con-
taining the furniture, looms, spinning wheels,
big and little, tableware, etc.; together with
the negroes and their families. The company
comprised 88 persons, of whom 75 were
slaves. They had intermarried with the
neighbors' negroes, and General Thomson,
being humane, was unwilling to separate
them, so he had to buy where he could and
sell where he must. This was no little task,
but finally it was accomplished, and the
slave-caravan set out. The negroes, men
and women, babies and grey-haired grand-
parents were to follow General Thomson,
and arrived in Pettis County, Mo., not long
after the great coach.
" Our party, after tarrying with relatives
several weeks in Calloway county, not far
from Jefferson City, arrived in Pettis on the
evening of November 12, 1833, and went into
camp in the Lamine river-bottom, at what is
now known as Scott's Ford. From ten in
the evening until daybreak they witnessed
the celebrated display of meteors in that year.
Dear old Peggy, who was cook for grand-
father in after years, and died in 189S, at
the age of 77, was then a child of 12; and
she used to tell us vividly how frightened
the negroes were at the falling of the stars.
'We were in camp by the Lamine river'
she said, 'and we-all thought Judgment done
come. Could hear the stars falling like hail
on the tops of the tents. The elements was
all ablaze. De old folks all prayed, and we
children hollered. It done lasted for hours,
and we never thought to see daylight no
more.' "
It was amid a similar shower of
seeming stars that Emerson, earlier
in the same autumn, came home from
Europe across the Atlantic, and sailed
half the night amid stars, as he after-
wards described the scene:
As when a shower of meteors
Cross the orbit of the earth,
And, lit by fringent air, blaze near and far;
Mortals deem the planets bright
Have slipped their sacred bars,
And the lone seaman, all the night,
Sails astonished amid stars.
In this county of Pettis, which now
contains 35,000 people and no slaves,
there were in 1833 more slaves than
freemen, for white settlers were few
and far between. Their cabins were
mostly built of unhewn logs daubed
with clay, and till General Thomson
and his party built, there was no
house in the region that had window
glass in it. If the owner had money
or negroes, he might indulge in the
luxury of a puncheon floor, that is,
might halve logs and lay them the
split side up, side by side on the moist
ground. Otherwise the bare earth,
beaten hard, was floor enough. The
furniture mostly was home-made.
The bedsteads were made somewhat
as Homer describes that one fabri-
cated by Ulysses. They were of the
'one-post' sort, formed by planting a
single upright post, or a fork, in the
floor of the room, connecting this with
the two near walls by poles let into
the logs of the house-side, and weaving
a platform of poles or clapboards
across for the couch. On this was
thrown a deerskin or two, and such
bedding as the citizen could afford.
Clothing was almost all homemade,
and lucky were the settlers who came,
as these wealthy Kentuckians did,
with spinning wheels, looms, warping-
bars and the other implements of
weaving, — including the purchased
spinners and weavers. Society in
Pettis county was reduced to its
lowest terms. General Thomson's
daughter Marion wrote, years after-
wards :
"Our neighbors called arrayed in buckskin
trousers, and jackets decked with fringes of
the same. You ask how the ladies were
dressed? When we arrived I think there
were just three in the county. When they
called they wore expensive dresses made of
calico at 25 cents a yard. By cooperation
alone could the settlers raise their buildings.
Were a house or stable to be raised, the neigh-
bors for eight or ten miles up Muddy Creek
were on hand, each with his gun and dog,
and a deer or turkey lashed on his back.
After the raising, a great feast would follow,
and a long-necked gourd, full of apple or
peach-brandy would cheer the company.
Missouri and New Hampshire
111
The wolves howled round the cabins at night ;
you could hardly walk a mile without seeing
a herd of deer; wild turkeys filled the woods,
and rattlesnakes were in abundance."
Booneville, where the mighty hun-
ter, Daniel Boone, had died a dozen
years before, was the nearest trading
town on the Missouri river, 35 miles
away. There Chester Harding, the
New England portrait-painter, found
him a few years before his death, and
painted him for the State of Kentucky,
while General Smith was still at Elder
Stone's school in Georgetown, Ky.
General Thomson was allowed to
name his settlement Georgetown, and
it gradually assumed a more civilized
air, mainly under the stimulus of
General Smith and his father-in-law.
When the county courthouse was to
be built, Smith prevailed on the people
to build it of brick, and he, with a
partner, contracted to make the brick
and build it, within two years. They
began it late in 1835, and it was
accepted and the contractors dis-
charged from their bond, Decembar
16, 1837. Mrs. Smith says:
"To my eyes there was never a prettier
house. It was square, with a large door in
the center of each of three sides, and a large
window on each side of the doors. The north
side had the two windows, but no door, — the
space between being occupied by the judge's
bench, a platform about four feet high, with
chairs on it, and terminated at the windows
with four or five steps. The floor was brick,
with some benches. A stairway led mag-
nificently with its balustrade to the second
story; and as my young feet proudly ascended
its lofty height, I looked on the assembled
multitudes with awe and admiration that
have not come to me since, even in the
palaces of Europe."
Around this temple of justice Gen-
eral Thomson had planted locust
trees, and enclosed the whole with a
neat fence; to which, of course, the
men who came to the village hitched
their horses, while they marketed or
"tended court" or held political
meetings in the new public building.
Mr. Smith's own cabin was the second
one built in this Georgetown, in 1835,
and was of squared logs, with glass
windows. It contained two rooms,
each 20 feet square, — a living room
and a kitchen, each supplied with a
generous open fireplace, by which, in
the kitchen, the slaves did the cooking.
This, says Mrs. Smith:
"Was done in heavy cast-iron Dutch ovens,
in skillets and frying pans. On Johnny-cake
boards (of wood) delicious cakes were baked
by simply setting them in front of the open
fire. In using the portable ovens for baking
bread, the coals were drawn out on the broad
stone hearth, and often a blaze of burning
brush was built on top of the heavy lid.
Back in the smoke and heat of the chimney
hung the crane, always ready to do duty with
the dinner-pot, or for clothes-washing, when
a big boil was on hand."
All the industry of this fast-grow-
ing community was based on the toil
of purchased, or bred, or inherited
slaves. The Virginian ancestors of
George Smith had regarded slavery
as an evil, as Washington, Jefferson
and their famous contemporaries did;
but the customs of Kentucky sanc-
tioned the evil, and it outlasted the
agitating era of the Revolution, and
was brought into profitable use for
cotton growing in the Southern region,
and for slave breeding in the cooler
States. Cotton did not flourish in
Kentucky or Missouri, but all the
rude work of pioneering was adapted
to slave labor, and laziness and
vanity soon habituated a new com-
munity to the evil. Mrs. Smith says:
"Slavery brought luxury, almost princely
life to us, even in our cabins, because we were
exempt from the drudgery of labor, and had
really nothing to do except to look after the
social amenities, and to see that the slaves
were cared for and made to work. Our Eden
was nursing this serpent, slavery, which was
whispering a siren song into the ears of pride
and luxury; but which was to fill our country
with the blackness of despair. Slavery was
112
The Granite Monthly
conducive to indolence and immorality. The
preachers were preaching, and the good people
trying, after their fashion, to bring their
children up in the way they should go; but
slavery, tobacco and whiskey were doing their
demoniacal work; and so it went on. Men
were intoxicated, murders committed, and
shadows fell darkly on the brightness of many
lives. The evil multiplied; God seemed to
have deserted us. It was against the law to
educate the negroes; intelligence and slavery
cannot exist together. The one enforced
wrong compels the other. But the homes of
the slaveholders, to the superficial looker-on,
often seemed happy. The ignorant creatures,
with no aim in life, could have no ambition.
The masters were usually humane, and there
was often real affection between master and
slave; very often great kindliness. There
were merciful services from each to the other ;
there was laughter, song and happiness in
the negro quarters; but it was the happiness
of ignorance. It was an edifice founded on
sand, an unnatural condition, — and the viola-
tion of God's law brings its own retribution.
The house was toppling; it had to fall. Our
young men rapidly fell into debaucheries..
Our colleges often turned them out from their
walls dissipated. Our young farmers, not
having the advantage of free schools, were
ignorant and immoral. Society was on a
false basis."
This is the testimony of one who
looked on the society in which she
grew up with none but friendly eyes;
and she has stated the case against
slavery very mildly. Abraham Lin-
coln would have given a much heavier
verdict. It was this mode of life
which produced on the Missouri
border those ignorant and depraved
bands that tormented the Free State
settlers of Kansas, and tinged the
Civil War in Missouri with so much
savagery. It was slavery that made
possible the Lawrence massacre, and
that created the necessity for the
Pottawatomie executions. And from
this caldron of evils the courage and
intelligence of George Smith came
forth sound and beneficent, as he had
been all his days.
When Benton and the party of
Andrew Jackson governed the nation,
George Smith inclined, with all due
respect for Jackson, to the party of
Henry Clay. Col. Richard M. John-
son, who had been, with the Blair
family, a leading opponent of Clay in
Kentucky, but was fond of young Smith
in that State, said to him when leaving
one Georgetown for the other:
"Now George, when you get to Missouri,
if you will only turn your coat and get on the
right side in politics, you may one day be
Democratic President of the United States."
That honor, however, has not yet
been bestowed on any Missourian.
George Smith, in the meantime (that
is, between 1833 and 1863), had gone
heartily into politics both local and
national. He had supported Clay
and Harrison for president against
Van Buren, and had been appointed
to office by Tyler, whose disappoint-
ing administration promoted several
causes, but did little or nothing for
Tyler himself. It had given Clay a
needed rebuff, had exalted Webster
by the success of his Ashburton
Treaty, had secured the annexation
of Texas, and finally set Van Buren
aside, except as a block in the path
of Cass, the Democratic candidate to
be defeated by General Taylor in
1848. Smith supported Taylor zeal-
ously in that year, and then began
to draw nearer to his old Democratic
antagonist, Benton, as the issue
became clearer between the Calhoun
disunionists and the Benton and
Blair democrats. All this time Smith
was strengthening himself in wealth,
in friendliness, in worldly experience,
and in the cause of civilization.
Thus when he took up, in the fiist
year of Taylor's administration, the
project for a through railroad to the
Pacific, which was Benton's leading
measure, General Smith proved to be
sagacious and influential beyond
former precedent. He secured the
location of the new westward road
through his own and the adjoining
counties, by guaranteeing subscrip-
Missouri and New Hampshire
113
tions to the road; and as a member of
the legislature he had a very impor-
tant share in passing the 'Omnibus'
railroad bill, in December, 1855,
which assured the building of several
roads by state grants of money.
Having thus secured the main point,
Smith tried to induce the railroad
authorities to put their station in his
own Georgetown, which he had seen
grow up from nothing to a prosperous
village. They would not yield, and
he then determined to have a new
town, three miles south, on Flat
we once named a flat-boat for you, and we
will name the town for Sarah." Her pet
name was 'Sed'; so they called the town
'Sedville'. Our father had delightful friends
at St. Louis, and often Sarah and I would
accompany him there. Among them was
Mr. Josiah Dent, who became much inter-
ested in the new town and its name. To him
the 'ville' was decidedly objectionable; it
did not comport with the flourishing city of
our dreams. He suggested the termination
'alia' in its place; and this so delighted father
that it was at once accepted. 'Sedalia' has
since been the town's name."
Gen. Smith's House, in Sedalia, 1900
Cieek, where Sedalia, with its 20,000
people now is. He bought a few
hundred acres of prairie land there,
and in 1858 offered them for sale in
house and shop lots. They gradually
sold, and Sedalia has now drained
away the population of Georgetown,
which hardly exceeds a hundred by
the last census. The explanation of
the town's name must here be made,
for not one person in a hundred would
guess its origin. Mrs. Smith says:
"The name of the town gave our family
great pleasure in the selection. Father and
mother decided to name it for my sister Sarah
(Mrs. Cotton), laughingly saying to me, "Bet,
By this time and before, the Kansas
troubles were upon the people of
Missouri and the country. As early
as October, 1854, the slaveholders of
western Missouri began to organize
secret lodges for the extension of
slavery into Kansas, from Missouri
and the South. About this time
General Smith was spending the night
with a personal and political friend
in a neighboring town, by whom he
was told that a secret organization
was meeting that evening at the
Court House. He was asked to join
it, and told he would like it; and he
went with his friend to the room, and
114
The Granite Monthly
there found some 40 members. A
Bible was brought forward, and it
was proposed to give him an oath that
he would do all in his power to make
Kansas a slave state. He at once
refused, and when they began to
argue with him, he replied, "I am not
a fit subject for your organization,
and by your leave I will retire." Six
months after, April, 1855, he was
attacked in a newspaper, and asked
to resign his seat in the legislature,
to which, among other things he
replied :
"At a recent meeting I stated that I was
born the owner of slaves, and had always
owned them; that the larger portion of my
property consisted in slaves; and that it was
not necessary for me to make long and loud
professions of my loyalty to the South; that
I desired to see Kansas a slave state, other-
wise we would have non-slaveholding states on
three sides of us, and slave property would
be almost valueless in Missouri. But this
consideration, however important pecuniarily,
was nothing in comparison to the obligations
under which I was placed. I was then, and
am now, under an oath to support the Con-
stitution of the United States, and the Con-
stitution of Missouri. If the object of the
meeting was to induce bona fide settlers to
to move into Kansas, then I am as warmly
in favor of the movement as any gentleman
here. But if the object is to induce persons
to go to Kansas merely to vote, — who are
citizens of Pettis and mean to remain such, —
then I am opposed to this movement, and
my advice to every one who hears me is,
to stay at home and attend to hisown business.
And I here declare my determination to
oppose any infraction of the laws of my
country, by persons residing either in the
non-slaveholding or in the slave states."
This purpose of General Smith was
adhered to through thick and thin.
He lost his slaves — beginning in 1857,
when a singular affair occurred, illus-
trative both of the state of public
feeling, and of the sturdy character
of Smith. One September day, in
Buchanan's first year of the Presi-
dency, a well-dressed lad, Henry
Spencer, with a knapsack on his. back,
called at the Smith house in George-
town, asking for a drink of water.
He was invited to dine, and told his
story of running away from school in
Philadelphia, and from a counting-
room in Cincinnati. His father was
consul-general at Paris, and had lost
patience with his faithless son, threat-
ening to disown him if he ran away
again. Henry was invited to visit
the Smiths until arrangements could
be made for his returning home; and
did stay three weeks, riding the horses,
playing with the children and the
negroes, and enjoying himself hugely.
Mrs. Smith goes on :
"One morning at the end of three weeks,
while father was in St. Louis, we were sur-
prised to find Juliet the cook, mother and
grandmother of all our negroes except Henry,
crying in the kitchen. — "Henry is gone, and
Harriet is gone and Nancy is gone, and all the
horses are gone." Young Spencer was also
gone, and our saddles were gone. My mother
and I went over to the village and told the
news, and before noon a dozenmen, armed and
mounted, had gone in search of the fugitives.
They were found on the western border of Mis-
souri, and made to retrace their steps, the cap-
tors, with much self-sacrifice, deciding to wait
till they got home before they lynched the
young offender. He was made to ride with his
face to the tail of his horse, which no doubt
impressed him as simply a novel idea, and
the whole party were lodged in jail. Father
reached home the same afternoon, visited
the jail, and decided that the negroes had
run off with the boy, not he with them. He
seemed to think they had as much right to a
pleasure trip, or to their freedom, as anybody.
. . . Father joined the boy's cousin, S. L.
Clement of Philadelphia, in a petition to the
governor for pardon; certificates showed
that he was immature in intellect, and
deficient in moral principle, and the governor
granted the pardon the same day, Dec. 17,
1857. By collusion with the jailer the boy
was stolen out of jail before day, and sent to
our house, to await the stage which carried
him to Jefferson City, on his way home.
The slaves concerned had all been reared
from infancy in the family. Two of them
Missouri and New Hampshire
115
had to be sold, to appease the outraged feeling
of the community; but the elder woman the
General refused to sell, because she had
children. It makes my heart sick now to
think of Henry. We never heard of him
after he was sold. I hope to meet him in
heaven, and be forgiven the injustice of
keeping him in slavery. He must have
passed into eternity before the war, or he
would have come to let us hear from him."
By this time, indeed, General
Smith was in full accord with Benton,
Frank Blair, Giatz Brown, and Abra-
ham Lincoln, in favor of emancipation
in Missouri. The matter is briefly
mentioned in Newton's very impor-
tant volume, "Lincoln and Herndon"
published last year at Cedar Rapids,
Iowa. On page 114 of that book,
Herndon, Lincoln's partner, writes to
Theodore Parker:
"I had a most entertaining conversation
yesterday with one of the leading emanci-
pationists of Missouri, and one of the leading
Republicans of Illinois. Do not ask who
they are; this is the substance of it: The
Missouri Democrat is to open and bloom for
Republicanism in 1860; the Louisville Journal
is to follow, and some paper in Virginia is to
fall into the trail, — all of which is, as it were,
to happen accidentally. The Democrat is
simply to suggest, the Journal is to suggest
still stronger, and at last all are to open wide
for Republicanism. These two are more
than ordinary men; the conversation was in
my office, and was confidential; therefore I
keep it dark."
This conversation was on April 7,
1857, at Springfield, 111. In February
before, Gratz Brown had made an
emancipation speech in the Missouri
legislature, and had communicated
it to Smith and to Blair. The former
was not then ready to take public
ground for emancipation, but he
moved along rapidly in that direction.
In 1860 he was in the habit of say-
ing: "If the South brings on civil war,
they may have my negroes for three
bits the dozen"; and in February,
1861, General Smith said in a Union
speech at Georgetown:
"If every man, woman and child in Mis-
souri should vote for going out of the Union,
I would vote for staying in; and if every
state in the Union should go out but Massa-
chusetts, I would go to Massachusetts, if I
had to crawl on my hands and knees to get
there."
It was prudent to hold back from
practical emancipation in 1857; but
that Blair and Brown were working
in that direction in 1857-58 was
known to me at the time. I had
ceased to vote in New Hampshire in
1855, and was living in Massachusetts,
and helping my friend Samuel Bowles
edit the Boston Traveller, when he
took me one day to dine at Parker's
in Boston, at what was then called
the "Banks Club." Present on that
occasion was Frank Blair, and either
then or soon after, Gratz Brown,
editor of the St. Louis Democrat;
and they were outspoken in favor of
emancipation in Missouri. My own
activity in favor of making Kansas a
free state in the years 1856-57, made
me familiar with all the plans of the
time, open or secret; and I was inti-
mate with Theodore Parker, with
whom Herndon was in frequent cor-
respondence. New Hampshire had
done her share in the Kansas move-
ment, and several of her citizens had
found a foothold there.
When the rebels fired on Fort
Sumter, General Smith, too old to
bear arms, was yet most active in
organizing union regiments in Mis-
souri. He had long known General
Lyon, who drove the rebels out of St.
Louis, and forced the treasonable
governor to show his hand for seces-
sion. Smith stood bravely by the
most pronounced friends of the Union,
saw his property exposed to ruin and
himself to insult; but became one of
the firmest and wisest of the Radical
Republicans of Missouri, who in 1864
abolished slavery by state action, and
supported Lincoln in all his measures.
When Johnson succeeded Lincoln, al-
though General Smith was then
a federal officeholder, he stoutly op-
116
The Granite Monthly
posed the renegade President, and
lived to see the government restored to
the hands of its sincere friends.
He died in 1879, — hispropertyrestored
and increased, his city flourishing, and
himself honored and beloved for
his sturdy patriotism and his gener-
ous sentiments.
When Chancellor Hoyt of the
Washington University at St. Louis,
had been there long enough to warrant
him in doing so, he offered me a posi-
tion in the teaching force of his college.
A little earlier I had been offered the
headship of the Lawrence Academy,
at Lawrence in Kansas, by the late
Amos Lawrence, second of the name,
and father of Bishop Lawrence. This
is now the State University of Kansas.
For good reasons I declined both offers
Such were my political relations that
I knew my presence in Missouri
would be an embarassment for my
old instructor, to whom I wished
every success in his new field of action.
As for Kansas, I was ready to do all
that I could to promote its freedom
from slavery, but New England
seemed to be indicated as my proper
sphere of exertion. So it happened
that for the early years of the Civil
War I should not have been welcomed
in the great state of Missouri, and
could have done little to improve its
political and social condition.
But in time my good friend, the
philosopher and educator, Dr. W. T.
Harris, was chosen as Superintendent
of Schools at St. Louis, and for nine
years held that difficult and influential
place. He became there the center
of a group of philosophers, German,
Scotch and American, and estab-
lished in St. Louis the best philo-
sophic quarterly Review ever seen in
America. Combining with the sur-
vivors of the Transcendentalist party
in New England, Doctor Harris and
his friends formed the Concord
"School of Philosophy," and for ten
years maintained lectures of a high
order at Concord, where Doctor
Harris came to reside for ten years.
And there has long been sweet peace
between Missouri and New Hamp-
shire.
FANTASY
By Laura Garland Carr
O Fantasy! Dear Fantasy!
How dull this prosy earth would be
Without the magic of your light
To make the desert places bright!
You take from grief and woe their sting,
O'er poverty your mantle fling,
You lift the weight of brooding care,
You make the lowliest dwelling fair.
By you designs and arts are led,
By you poetic fires are fed.
You can grim death from terrors free
And rob the grave of Mystery.
You bring to us our heart's desire,
You add a glow to friendship's fire;
And what would love — the mighty — be
Without your aid — dear Fantasy?
TO AN OLD BIBLE
By Mary Carrier Rolofson
Dear, blessed Book, whose well-worn pages tell
How thou hast been beloved in days of yore,
Thou hast performed thy sacred mission well,
Faithful to all who turned thy pages o'er.
A lamp to feet that walked in darkened ways,
To feet that ways of error may have trod;
A lamp to light for youth life's wondrous maze,
And guide them, past all perils, safe to God.
Ah, would that we thy history could know!
Perhaps some little child, when thou wast new,
Bore thee to Sunday School, sedate and slow,
To learn from thee the Gospel story true.
Perhaps some mother at the parting hour,
When her beloved went from home, with tears,
Praying that God would keep him through His power,
Gave him this book to bless his coming years.
We may not know; but thou hast been revered,
Treasured, though not unused, nor laid away,
Ever with passing years the more endeared
Till sight grew dim and shining locks were gray.
"Let not your heart be troubled." Here we see
Sad eyes have often read. The page is worn.
A pencil underlines, "Come unto Me,"
And marks the blessing for the hearts that mourn.
A bit of fern and one pale violet
Lie on the page beside the Shepherd psalm;
In pastures green they grew, dew-wet,
Beside still waters, crystal-clear and calm.
Dear, blessed Book, the hearts that loved thee best
Will beat no more within their walls of clay;
Those ransomed souls are entered into rest,
And thou hast pointed out to them the way.
Thy work is almost over, thou art old.
Thou lookest quaint, and strange of type and page;
But other Books the message thou hast told
Shall tell to souls of this our later age.
God's word thou art, that shall not pass away,
Nor shall return unto Him void and vain.
The ends of earth await thee, and the sway
Of Him whose right it is o'er all to reign.
REV. CHARLES GORDON AMES, D. D.
Courtesy of the Christian Register.
REV. CHARLES GORDON AMES, D. D.
Three men, than whom no others attending an academy. In 1849 he
have left a deeper impress upon the was ordained to the ministry, and,
religious life of New England and the returning east, was located for a time
world at large, were born or reared as a preacher in the town of Tam-
in the state of New Hampshire and worth. In 1850 he was united in
found the chief field of their life work marriage with Sarah Jane Daniels of
in the city of Boston. These men, — Dover, and the following year ac-
all great apostles of liberal Chris- cepted an appointment as a Free Bap-
tianity, — were James Freeman Clarke, tist missionary at St. Anthony, Minn.
Alonzo Ames Miner and Charles He continued in this field for four
Gordon Ames, the first two having years, and then became editor of the
completed their labors many years Minnesota Republican, the first paper
since, while the last answered the of its kind in that region, and was
final summons on the fifteenth day soon after elected registrar of deeds,
of the present month. serving two years. Meanwhile he had
Doctor Ames, who succeeded James been lead by study and investigation
Freeman Clarke as pastor of the to a decided change in his religious
Church of the Disciples upon the views, and was granted an honorable
personal selection of the latter, al- dismissal from the Free Baptist min-
though a native of Dorchester, Mass., istry, though his relations with his
born October 3, 1828, was left an old associates of that faith ever
orphan in early infancy, and adopted remained most pleasant and kindly,
soon after, by the late Maj. Thomas He preached at times as an independ-
Ames of Canterbury in this state, ent to large outdoor congregations
where he had his home until fourteen at St. Anthony, and exercised a
years of age, attending the district strong influence upon the thought of
school and laboring at farm employ- the people.
ment. The district schools of Can- Visiting Boston in 1858, he came
terbury in those days, and later, were in close contact with the Unitarian
noted for thoroughness of instruction leaders, with whom he found himself
and a high order of scholarship, and in sympathy, and in that fellowship
the stimulus here afforded his nat- he thereafter continued. His first
urally Vigorous mind continued in charge in that field of labor was over
full force during his service in the a society which he himself organized
Morning Star printing establishment at Bloomington, 111., in 1859, and over
at Dover, which he entered as an which he presided until 1862. Sub-
apprentice at the age of fourteen, sequently he held short pastorates
The Morning Star was then, as now, at Cincinnati, O., and Albany, N. Y.,
the organ of the Free Baptist denom- and in 1865 was sent to California by
ination, in whose faith he had been the American Unitarian Association,
reared, but out of which he ultimately and there spent several years in the
grew into another and broader field organization of societies and in gen-
of religious life. era! educational work, in San Fran-
Improving all the opportunities for cisco and in different parts of the
study at his command, and directing state. In 1872 he became pastor of
his thought mainly along theological the Unitarian society in Germant own,
lines, he was licensed as a preacher Pa., continuing for five years, till
at the early age of eighteen years and 1877, when he assumed editorial
went West, where, in Ohio, he engaged charge of the Christian Register, the
in preaching and teaching, meanwhile Unitarian denominational organ, then
continuing his studies and for a time as now, published in Boston, which
120 The Granite Monthly
position he filled with great ability measures for the promotion of real
till 1880, when he went to Philadel- social service and civic betterment
phia. Here he organized the Spring he gave ready and loyal support, and
Garden Unitarian society and min- he was particularly interested in the
istered to the same for eight years, "New Voters' League," designed to
when he resigned to assume the aid the preparation of young men
pastorate of the Church of the Dis- for the responsible duties of citizen-
ciples in Boston, upon the death of ship. He was foremost in all charitable
Rev. James Freeman Clarke, by and reform work, a foe of all forms of
whom he had been selected as his oppression, broadly democratic in his
successor many years previously, and views and habits, and an outspoken
in which position he continued his opponent of continued American
labors till the end. His pastorate was domination in the Philippines, as
most successful in all respects, and diametrically opposed to the funda-
it was largely through his efforts that mental principles of our republican
the erection of the society's elegant government. He was a member of
new house of worship in the Fenway, the American Philosophical Society,
opened for use six years ago, was the Twentieth Century Club, the
effected. Boston Thursday Evening Club, and
Several volumes of his works, some various other civic and philanthropic
of them made up of his best sermons, organizations. His grandest and most
have been given to the public, among enduring monument is found in the
the titles being " George Eliot's Two words of the immortal covenant of
Marriages," "As Natural as Life," which he was the author, now so
"Sermons of Sunrise," "Five Points widely adopted by churches of the
of Faith," "Living Largely," "Hid- liberal faith, as follows: "In the free-
den Life, " "Peter and Susan Lesley," dom of Truth, and the spirit of Jesus
"Poems" and "A Book of Prayer"; Christ, we unite for the worship of
while large numbers of his sermons God and the service of Man. "
have been published in pamphlet His home on Chestnut Street, in
form. In 1896 Bates College, his Boston, was the resort of a wide
alma mater, conferred upon him the circle of friends, where all were cheer-
honorary degree of Doctor of Laws, fully welcomed — none more so than
Aside from his purely ministerial young men seeking guidance in the
and pastoral work Doctor Ames way of truth and right, either in civic
labored earnestly and effectively for or religious life. His eightieth birth-
the elevation and progress of man- day anniversary, October 3, 1908, was
kind, both with pen and voice. He the occasion of a notable gathering at
was an ardent supporter of the Union the home of the American Unitarian
cause during the Civil War, and his Association, on Beacon Street, Bos-
addresses on public affairs, during and ton, at which not only many repre-
after the war in various parts of the sentative Unitarians, but prominent
country were heard with splendid men of all sects, were in attendance
effect. He was a firm friend of the to do him honor, among the speakers
freedman and a faithful supporter of being President Charles W. Eliot of
Booker Washington in his work for Harvard, Rev. Edward Everett Hale,
their education and improvement, and others of note.
The cause of temperance had in him His first wife died at Bloomington,
an unyielding friend, and he was 111., in 1861, leaving one son, Charles
among the earliest and most devoted W. Ames, now of St. Paul, Minn,
adherents of the woman suffrage June 25, 1863, he married Fanny,
cause, the promise of whose complete daughter of Mr. Increase Baker of
success gave him no small measure of Cincinnati, O., who survives him,
satisfaction in his last days. To all with two daughters, Alice Vivian,
Rev. Charles Gordon Ames, D. D.
121
wife of Thomas G. Winter of Minne-
apolis, and Edith Theodora, wife of
Raymond M. Crosby, a Boston artist.
The last rites over the mortal
remains of this good friend of man
and true disciple of the Master, which
were thereafter conveyed to the
Forest Hills Crematory for ultimate
disposition, and the final honors to
his memory, were observed at noon
on Thursday, April 18, in the church
where he had so long ministered,
which was filled to its capacity by
friends, members of the society, rep-
resentative Unitarians and citizens
generally.
Various clergymen had part in the
service. Prayer was offered by Rev.
Abraham M. Ribbany, present pastor;
scripture reading was by Rev. Howard
N. Brown, and Rev. Charles F. Dole
of Jamaica Plain, Rev. Reuben Kid-
ner of Trinity Church, Louis R. Nash
and the Rev. Samuel A. Eliot, D.D.,
President of the American Unitarian
Association, all paid brief and eloquent
tribute to the departed.
Frank Lynes, the church organist,
was in charge of the music. The
regular quartet led the congregation
in singing "Rise, My Soul, and
Stretch Thy Wings" and "While
Thee I Seek, Protecting Power," and
the anthem, "There are Deep Things
of God," was given by the quartet.
The honorary pall bearers were
Rev. George Batchelor, D.D., a suc-
cessor to Doctor Ames as editor of
the Christian Register; Rev. William
Channing Brown, field secretary of
the American Unitarian Society; Ed-
ward A. Church, one of the oldest
officers of the society; Rev. Christo-
pher R. Eliot of the Bulfinch Place
Church, George H. Ellis, Rev. Roger
S. Forbes of Dorchester, Rev. Paul
Revere Frothingham of Boston,
Francis J. Garrison, Rev. Bradley
Gilman of Canton, Rev. Edward Hale
of Chestnut Hill, Rev. Robert F.
Leavens of Fitchburg, Miss Mary L.
Leggett, minister of the First Unita-
rian Society, Revere, Rev. William H.
Lyon, D.D., of Brookline, Edwin D.
Mead, Louis R. Nash, Rev. Charles
E. Park, Moorfield Storey, Rev.
Thomas Van Ness and Rev. J, Her-
man WThitmore of Stoneham.
Perhaps no more fitting tribute to
the life and character of Doctor Ames
has yet been penned than that of
Edwin D. Mead, the well-known
author and lecturer, son of New
Hampshire, his friend and co-worker
in the cause of humanity, appearing
in the Boston Herald of April 17, as
follows:
Rev. Charles G. Ames, whose going from
us, although at so ripe an age and after so
long an illness, deeply touches Boston's heart,
was a pronounced American. It might be
said of him as unreservedly as Lowell said
it of Lincoln, whom Doctor Ames loved so
profoundly, "nothing of Europe here." He
was a most indigenous man and smacked of
our soil. He was, too, a most national Amer-
ican, free from every sectionalism and pro-
vincialism, with sympathies as broad as the
prairies and purposes as high and white as
the Sierras. He began his preaching life in
Ohio; he lived for years in Minnesota; his
first Unitarian pastorate was in Illinois, and
there were subsequent chapters in Albany,
Cincinnati, California and Philadelphia.
There were thus few parts of the country
where he was not thoroughly at home. But
we here remember proudly and lovingly
today that he was emphatically a New Eng-
lander, and at the first and at the last belonged
to Boston. Within the limits of the present
Boston he was born; on a New Hampshire
farm in the Merrimack Valley his boyhood was
spent; while still a very youth we find him
preaching under the shadow of Chocorua,
and he goes back to that beautiful region
in the late summer of his life to play with a
farm among the hills. The ministry by
which he will be chiefly remembered is the
long Boston pastorate. The first quarter of
the life belonged to New England and the
last quarter wholly to Boston.
Following Doctor Hale at an interval of
but three years, Doctor Ames was the last
figure in a great Unitarian group. There
was no other in the group whose mind had
in its very texture more of New England
transcendentalism. There was no other quite
122
The Granite Monthly
so Emersonian. A hundred of his sermons
were almost Emerson essays. He had Emer-
son's firm and quiet faith, his penetration and
poetry of nature, his wit and humor and
sententiousness, his gift for homely illustra-
tion, his buoyant optimism and his democ-
racy. He recognized in all, as he himself
once said, his brothers and sisters; and his
heart was so full of love that his impulse was
not simply to shake hands with men, but to
throw his arms around them. His mind was
as original and full of surprises as Doctor
Bartol's, whose last home was just across
Chestnut street from Doctor Ames's own last
home. But his life was as steady and serene
it as was surprising. One of his volumes is
called "Sermons of Sunrise," another "As
Natural as Life," another "Living Largely. "
It was a sunny and a shining life and a large
life which Boston and the country remember
so gratefully today. It was a life devoted to
religion and to the commonwealth. No man
was more interested in affairs. He was early
an abolitionist; he had Lincoln at his table
in Bloomington when he was minister there,
and when three years ago he reprinted,
unchanged, fifty years afterward, the sermon
which he preached in Bloomington when John
Brown was hanged, we found that he had
dealt with that critical episode at the height
of the excitement with the firm judgment of
the historian as well as the glow and insight
of the prophet .
Of his fidelity and courage in the great
industrial and political issues of these recent
years it is superfluous to speak, for his ringing
words are in our ears. He hated our new
and un-American militarism and imperialism
with a holy hatred. Politics was to him as
religious as to the Puritan. \Yhen the New-
Voters' Festivals were inaugurated a dozen
years ago at Fanueil Hall, he gave the festival
the noblest name it ever had, that of "a
political consecration service"; and from the
first for as many years as he was able, he was
always present there to lead the impressive
gathering of young men in repeating the
historic old Freeman's Oath of our Massa-
chusetts fathers: "I do solemnly bind myself
that I will give my vote and suffrage as I
shall judge in my own conscience may best
conduce to the public weal, so help me God."
His conspicuous place in those New Voters'
Festivals best expresses to many of us who
remember his impressive words and presence
there the consecrated spirit which he brought
into our politics and society. His religious
spirit is equally well summed up in the simple
covenant which he prepared for one of his
own congregations, and whose beauty and
sufficiency were so instantly recognized by
thousands that they in their churches have
made it their covenant too: "In the freedom
of Truth and the spirit of Jesus Christ we
unite for the worship of God and the service
of Man." It is doubtful whether in all this
modern time any other covenant for a congre-
gation of religious men joining together to
help turn earth into heaven has been created
so simple, so comprehensive and so satisfying
as this. A life giving us this memorable
word alone would have been a life of great
service. The word was but one flowering
of the opulent, consecrated and aspiring life
of Charles G. Ames, a life devoted hopefully
and believingly from beginning to end to
what another has called skeptically "the
foolish attempt to make the world over,"
to the endeavor to establish on earth the
kingdom of God.
HOMO IXEBRIATUS
By Bela Chapin
Oppressed with ills and full of woes
Behold the sad inebriate goes
Toward the region of the dead
With cloud and darkness overspread!
May God remove the rust and stain,
And lenovate a soul insane.
THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF
PEMBROKE
By an Occasional Contributor
In all New Hampshire there is no
more delightful section of country
road than the three mile stretch
of highway known as "Pembroke
Street." Bordered by fertile farms
and attractive homes on either side,
and commanding a magnificent view
of the Merrimack Valley and the
hills beyond, whether one passes over
the route on foot, by team, auto-
mobile or trolley, he cannot fail to
be charmed by the view, near or
distant, that meets his vision in any
direction. The most commanding
object, on the southerly, more ele-
vated and most thickly settled por-
tion of the "street," is the Congre-
gational church edifice, the only
house of worship in this portion of
the town, whose tall spire is discerni-
ble from long distances, and has been
a prominent landmark for years
beyond the memory of the present
generation.
Nearby, to the northward, on the
same side of the street, stands the
old town house, built a century ago,
for town purposes, and also occupied
as the home of the Pembroke Grange
since its organization in 1885, while
a few rods to the southward, is the
fine new brick Pembroke Academy
building, occupied by one of the few
old-time academies of the State,
enjoying renewed prosperity after
nearly a century of existence, and
serving every purpose of a town high
school, besides attracting pupils from
abroad.
Pembroke, like most of our New
Hampshire towns, was settled by a
God-fearing, and a humanity loving,
people, and in the early days of the
settlement (the town being first
known as Suncook, and embracing a
far larger territory than at present)
a pastor was called, Rev. Aaron
Whittemore being the first incumbent.
He was ordained and installed March
12, 1737, some five years after the
erection of the first log church in
which services had been held from
time to time by such preachers as
could be employed.
Mr. Whittemore's pastorate ex-
tended over a period of thirty years,
till his death November 17, 1767, but
Congregational Church, Pembroke
was by no means a season of uninter-
rupted prosperity, many difficulties
arising, not the least of which was
dissension in the "flock," a considera-
ble portion of whom were Presby-
terians, not in sympathy with the
Congregational polity, and seeking
conformity with their own plan of
church government and worship — so
much so that they ultimately set up
a church of their own, and maintained
124
The Granite Monthly
separate worship for a number of
years, though the same was ultimately
abandoned, and the two churches
united.
Rev. Jacob Emery, was the next
pastor, being installed, August 3, 1768,
continuing until his dismissal, March
23, 1775. There was no settled pas-
tor for the next five years, but in
March, 1780, the Rev. Zaccheus Colby
was settled and continued in the
pastorate for twenty-three years, till
May 11, 1803, when he was dismissed.
Rev. Thomas W. Harwood
The pastorate again remained vacant,
until the settlement of Rev. Abraham
Burnham, a native of Dunbarton
and a graduate of Dartmouth, of the
class of 1804, who was ordained and
installed, March 2, 1808, the Pres-
byterians and Congregationalists hav-
ing united and formed a new church,
the preceding year.
The pastorate of Mr. Burnham,
who was a learned and able man, con-
spicuous in the community and the
state, and who received the honorary
degree of D.D. from his alma mater,
was a long and remarkable one, con-
tinuing until his dismissal at his own
request, November 20, 1850, when
his successor, Rev. John H. Merrill,
was also installed. During Doctor
Burnham's miaistry 303 members
were added to the church on confes-
sion and 120 by letter. The record
also adds that during the same time
he baptized 654 persons, officiated
at 650 funerals and solemnized 604
marriages.
Following Mr. Merrill, who served
three years, a brief pastorate was
held by Rev. Robert Crossett, who
was followed for eight years by Rev.
Lewis Goodrich. Brief pastorates
were successively held by Revs. N. F.
Carter, Benjamin Merrill, Lyman
White, Edward P. Stone, Cyrus M.
Perry, CassanderC. Sampson, Frank-
lin P. Wood, Arthur N. Ward and
Edward P. Tenney. Rev. Paul
E. Bourne, served about a dozen
years, from 1893, when he was suc-
ceeded by Rev. E. J. Riggs now of
Meredith, and he in March 1909, by
the present pastor, Rev. Thomas W.
Harwood.
There had been several church
edifices in town, following the first
rude structure of logs, built in 1733.
One on the site of the present building
was erected in 1804. The present
church was erected in 1836, at a cost
of about $3,500 and remodeled and
improved in 1871 at an expense of
$1,750. Since then other improve-
ments have been made, including
reseating and a steel ceiling, so that
now it is in excellent condition, with
a pleasant vestry and supper room
attached.
The church has prospered greatly
under the present pastorate, fifteen
members being added at Easter last
year and eighteen this year. There is
a thriving Sunday School in connec-
tion, a prosperous Christian Endeavor
Society and the banner "Junior"
society of the county. The Ladies'
Social Circle works earnestly and
harmoniously, giving suppers and
entertainments that are largely pat-
ronized, and effectively promoting
The Congregational Church of Pembroke
125
the social welfare of the society and
community.
The present pastor, Rev. Thomas
W. Harwood, is a native of England,
the son of a Methodist clergyman,
educated at the famous Kingswood
school, founded by John Wesley.
He came to this country in 1895, and
pursued a theological course at the
Bangor (Me.) Seminary, graduating
in 1898. He held short pastorates
successively at Garland, Me., Lou-
don, N. H., Fairview, Kans., and
Bakersfield, Vt., coming from the
latter to Pembroke, where he has won
the fullest confidence of his people
and the esteem of the community at
large, by his faithful service as a
pastor and his deep interest in all
that pertains to the public welfare.
He married, in 1899, Miss Nellie
Sawyer of Garland, Me., and they
have four children, two boys and two
girls, with whom they occupy the
society's pleasant parsonage, a short
distance from the church on the oppo-
site side of the street.
It may be added that the church
in Pembroke, maintains the most
harmonious relations with the Grange,
of which the pastor is also a member,
and that these, with the Academy,
constitute a trinity of forces working
together for the uplift of the people in
intellectual, moral and spiritual life.
THE OLD HOMESTEAD
By Hannah B. Merriam
Old and worn, the rain and wind
Have left many a scar and seam,
It here is marked and there is lined,
Till we are lost in midday dream.
The door stone, which no chisel wrought,
Bears impress of a softer mold,
But those who once its threshold sought
Have long since found a broader fold.
Again I see the quaint old room,
Its darkened walls and sanded floor,
Where spinning-wheel and household loom
Lent music in the days of yore,
A ruddy fire, its glowing heat
Lights hands that point to twilight hour,
Lights windows, 'gainst which snow and sleet
Are drifting, while the storm-clouds lower.
Beside the fire a couple sit,
Whose hearts have ever beat in rhyme;
Watching the embers fall and flit,
Read stories of the olden time,
Till hearts grow young and faces beam.
Glasses and cane are dropped aside;
The passing years seem but a dream.
They live again a groom and bride.
Their ashes rest 'neath lowly mounds,
Where wild flowers mid the grasses grow,
Where winter in its yearly rounds
Builds monuments of crystal snow.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
WALTER BURLEIGH
Walter Burleigh, a leading citizen of Frank-
lin, and one of the best known men in Merri-
mack County, died at his home in that city,
February 24, 1912.
He was a son of the late Henry and Eliza
(Gregg) Burleigh, born on the old Burleigh
farm, on the river, September 12, 1831, the
late Wallace Burleigh, who died last year,
being his twin brother.
In early life he engaged in the wood and
coal business, but in 1856 went into trade in
the dry goods and grocery line, in which his
brother the late Rufus G. Burleigh was, later,
associated with him. The brothers built the
first brick block in Franklin Falls.
Mr. Burleigh was postmaster of Franklin
twelve years, from 1874. He served in the
legislature in 1863 and 1864. He was for some
time a member of the board of education and
superintended the construction of the Frank-
lin High School building. In 1898, he was
chosen one of the Commissioners of Merrimack
County.
He is survived by a son, Walter E. Burleigh,
now in the service of the Interstate Commerce
Commission, and a daughter Miss Mary
Burleigh of Franklin.
DR. JOHN W. PARSONS
John W. Parsons, M. D., long a prominent
physician of Portsmouth, died at his home in
that city February 28, 1912.
He was a son of the late Col. Thomas J.
and Eliza (Brown) Parsons, of Rye, born
August 1, 1841. His father was adjutant of
the 35th regiment in the old New Hampshire
militia and Lieutenant Colonel of the 1st
regiment in 1836, being, also, an aide-de-camp
of Geo. Isaac Hill.
Doctor Parsons studied medicine with the
late Dr. Levi G. Hill of Dover, and, later,
graduated from the Harvard Medical School.
He served as assistant-surgeon in the 24th
Massachusetts Volunteers in the Civil War,
and then settled in Portsmouth in the practice
of his profession, which he had followed suc-
cessfully for half a century. He was president
of the board of trustees of the Chase Home
for Children in Portsmouth, a trustee of the
Hospital and of the Portsmouth Athenseum.
He was a Democrat in politics, a member of
Storer Post, G. A. R., and of St. John's
Lodge, A. F. & A.M.
WILLIAM C. HARRIS
William Calvin Harris, a life long resident
and the oldest man in the town of Windham,
born December 14, 1822, died in the home of
his birth March 7, 1912.
He was the eleventh and last surviving
child of the Rev. Samuel and Ruth (Pratt)
Harris. He was educated in public and pri-
vate schools, taught, himself, for several
years, but finally devoted himself to agricul-
ture on the home farm, which he inherited,
from his father, by whom it had been cleared,
and who was the town minister from 1805 to
1826. He was active and prominent in town
affairs, serving ten years on the school board,
four years as town clerk, six years as treasurer,
ten years as moderator, chairman of the board
of selectmen two years, supervisor four years,
and representative in the legislature in 1865.
He was a leading member of the Presbyterian
church of Windham, and had been one of its
ruling elders and deacons since 1878. He was
also superintendent of the Sunday school from
1878 to 1888 inclusive. In 1897, he was
a delegate to the Presbyterian General
Assembly.
June 22, 1853, he married Philena Heald
Dinsmoor, daughter of Dea. Samuel Dins-
moor of Auburn, who survives him, with one
son, William S. Harris who lives at the home
place, and one daughter, Ella, wife of J. W.
M. Worledge also of Windham.
ARTHUR E. POOLE
Arthur E. Poole of Jaffrey, prominent in
the Grange and agricultural life, and a lead-
ing citizen of the town, died of pneumonia at
his home in that town, March 23, 1912.
He was a son of Joel H. Poole, a well known
Grand Army man, with whom he was asso-
ciated in the proprietorship of the famous
summer resort known as "The Ark." He
was a Past Master of Jaffrey Grange, Past
Noble Grand of Monadnock Lodge, I. O. O. F.,
of East Jaffrey, and a member of the Masonic
lodge at Peterborough and Commandery at
Keene. He is survived by a wife, and his
parents.
DR. JULIA COGSWELL CLARKE
Julia Cogswell Clarke, a native of Manches-
ter, daughter of the late Attorney General
William C. Clarke and Anna Maria Greeley,
a long time teacher, and later successful
practitioner of osteopathy, died at her home,
14Eggleston St., Jamaica Plain, Mass., April
14, 1912.
She was born September 14, 1844, and
educated in the Manchester schools. She
was a student of rare attainments, and was for
some twenty years an assistant in theChauncey
Hall School, Boston. She was also for a time
an instructor in a school for the blind in
London. She was interested in literary work,
and was a member and secretary of the
Appalachian Mountain Club. She was the
owner of a fine estate in Gilmanton, which she
occupied as a summer home. She was a
member of the Massachusetts Cremation
Society, which took charge of the remains
New Hampghire Necrology
127
after the funeral service which was holden
at the residence of Dr. Edith Cave, 22 Cypress
Place, Brookline. She left no relatives nearer
than a nephew and several cousins, two of the
latter being Col. Arthur E. and William C.
Clark of Manchester.
GEORGE S. SHUTE
George Smith Shute, a well known citizen
of Exeter and a native of that town, died at
his home there, April 7, 1912.
He was the son of Henry and Eliza Rowe
(Smith) Shute, born March 2, 1827, and
graduated from Phillips Academy which he
entered in 1838, being a classmate of Hon.
Joseph B. Walker of Concord. He was for
some time associated with his father in the
lumber business, but, later, served about
twenty years as a clerk in the Boston Custom
House, having his home for some time in
Reading, Mass. He left the Custom House
in 1889, and resided thereafter in Exeter,
where he was a prominent figure in the social
life of the place. He was a writer of fine verse
and a brilliant raconteur. Among the
seven children he leaves is Judge Henry A.
Shute of Exeter, the well known humorous
writer.
PROF. CHARLES H. CHANDLER
Charles Henry Chandler, of New Ipswich,
a noted teacher and long time professor in
Ripon College, Wisconsin, died suddenly at
the home of a friend in Leominster, Mass.,
March 2, 1912.
He was the son of James and Nancy (White)
Chandler, born in New Ipswich October 25,
1840, and graduated from Dartmouth, as
valedictorian of his class, in 1868. He taught
in this state, Vermont and Ohio for several
years before going to Wisconsin, where he
continued for a quarter of a century, returning
to his childhood home a few years since to care
for an invalid sister, who died last year.
Meanwhile he had long been engaged in the
preparation of a history of New Ipswich, which
work he expected to complete in another
year. He was a Carnegie pensioner, being one
of the first enrolled upon the list.
Professor Chandler married at Fitchburg,
Mass., August 17, 1868, Miss Eliza Francena
Dwinnell, who died at Ripon, Wis., October
28, 1894. Of his immediate family, a son and
daughter survive.
CAPT. JAMES M. DURELL
Capt. James McDaniel Durell, a native of
Newmarket, died at Hyde Park, Mass.,
Thursday, March 14, 1912.
Captain Durell was the son of Newman and
Sally B. Durell, born June 2, 1832. He
attended the Newmarket schools, and at an
early age went to Boston and entered the
employ of a wholesale dry goods house,
becoming eventually a travelling salesman,
in which avocation his life was spent, with the
exception of the years of the Civil War in
which he was engaged in the Union service
going home to Newmarket to aid in raising
troops and being commissioned a first lieu-
tenant in the Thirteenth N. H. Regiment,
September 27, 1862. He served with dis-
tinction, being promoted to captain of Com-
pany C, July 15, 1864, and honorably dis-
charged June 21, 1865, having participated
in eleven battles and been wounded at Fred-
ericksburg and Cold Harbor. He served for
a time on the staff of Gen. C. K. Graham and
was acting assistant adjutant-general of the
Naval Brigade at Portsmouth, Va.
He had resided at Hyde Park for the last
fortv-two years, where he was a member of
Hyde Park Lodge, A. F. & A. M. of Neponset
Council, and of Timothv Ingraham Post,
G. A. R.
He married Miss Bathsheba T. Hovey,
daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. Solomon
Hovey, of Hyde Park, and his widow, three
sons and two daughters survive him. The
children are Captain Edward H. Durell, U. S.
N., now stationed at Annapolis; Mrs. Sumner
L. Osborne, Mrs. M. D. Alexander, Louis F.
and Wallace D. Durell.
REV. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN PERKINS
Rev. Benjamin Franklin Perkins died at
his home in Hampton, February 29, 1912,
He was the oldest son of Deacon James Per-
kins, and was a lineal descendant of Abraham
Perkins, who was one of the first settlers of
Hampton.
He was born in Hampton February 22,
1834, and was educated in the schools of his
native town and at Dartmouth College,
graduating in the class of '59. He entered
Andover Theological Seminary and was grad-
uated in 1864, remaining at the institution
another year, however, for post graduate
study. He was ordained to the ministry
November 22, 1865, and the same day was
married to Anna Farrar Abbott, daughter of
the Rev. Sereno Abbott. Immediately after
marriage they went to Missouri, where he
engaged in home missionary work for several
years.
Returning East in 1869, he preached in
Kingston, Mass., Stowe, Vt., and then went
West again for three years. But he felt the
call of New England and came back to serve
churches with acceptance and success for
15 years more, coming to Hampton to reside
in 1901. His last work was with the Chris-
tian church in North Hampton, which he
supplied for two years, preaching for the
last time Sunday, December 3, 1911.
He leaves a widow and five children, two
brothers and three sisters.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
Interest in the contest between the adher-
ents of President Taft and the followers of
Governor Bass, supporting the candidacy of
Ex-President Roosevelt, has overshadowed
everything else in the political world in this
state during the past month. The fight has
been the most earnest and determined that
has ever been witnessed in an issue of this
kind, and has been characterized by a spirit
of bitterness seldom if ever equalled. Vitu-
peration and abuse of the most flagrant order
have been freely indulged in, and the charges
of trickery and the improper use of money
freely made. The outcome is a substantial
victory for the friends of the President, who
will elect eight delegates, without doubt, in
the State and district conventions now close
at hand; yet it appears that the majority of
the popular vote, taking the State together, is
not so large relatively as is the proportion of
delegates to the several conventions. The
Democratic State Committee concluded not
to provide for a primary preference vote,
not contemplated by law, feeling that its
effect would be mainly to engender bitterness
in the party ranks without any beneficial
result, and the delegates to the Democratic
State and district conventions, to be holden
in Concord May 14, will be chosen by the old
caucus method, and the general expectation
is that the delegation to the Baltimore con-
vention will go uninstructed, as is usually the
case with delegations from this State to
Democratic national conventions. There are
no reliable indications as yet, as to what the
general sentiment of the Democratic voters
of the State may be regarding the presidential
nomination. Both Wilson and Clark have
strong adherents in the State, and the two
are undoubtedly preferred by more voters
than all others, but no bitterness has de-
veloped as yet, between their respective
adherents.
to personal support of the amendment at
the polls. It is noted that in many of the
Granges of the State discussion of pro-
posed amendments is now being had, but
the trend of public sentiment in any direction
is not yet manifest.
A circular has been issued announcing the
spring meeting of the State Board of Trade
to be held upon invitation of the Exeter
Board, in that town, on Tuesday, May 7.
Mr. S. Percy Hooker, the newly appointed
State Superintendent of Highways will be
present and speak upon "Road Making and
Maintenance." As the subject is one of
particular interest at this season of the year,
and the superintendent is a new man in the
State, it would seem that a large attendance
especially from the southeastern section of
the State, may be expected. Another sub-
ject of special interest in that section, will
also be discussed, viz.: The proposed agri-
cultural fair to come off in August at Rocking-
ham Park, Salem. This will be presented
by Ex-Mayor Reed of Manchester, Secretary
of the Chamber of Commerce in that city,
and president of the fair association.
Regardless of the contest for ascendency
between the Republican party factions, which
has commanded general public interest, the
Equal Suffrage Associations have been push-
ing their campaign right along, and have held
many meetings in different sections of the
State. The next large meeting will be held
on Thursday evening, May 9, in the Univer-
salist church at Concord, with Rev. Ida C.
Hultin of Sudbury, Mass., as the principal
speaker.
Now that the pre-convention presidential
campaign in the State is practically ended,
public attention is likely to be diverted in
other directions, and the work of the coming
constitutional convention, now near at hand,
is likely to receive some attention. Up to
this time little thought has been given to
proposed amendments, and the organization
of the convention itself has been little dis-
cussed. Replies from delegates-elect to in-
quiries sent out from the Woman Suffrage
headquarters indicate a proportion of more
than two to one, thus far, in favor of the
submission of an equal suffrage amendment
to the people, though delegates favorably
replying are by no means thereby committed
The attention of Granite Monthly sub-
scribers in arrears, is called to the dates on
their respective address labels, showing the
extent of their arrearages, with the hope that
they will take prompt measures to have the
same carried forward in advance.
Wanted, at this office, a copy of the Gran-
ite Monthly for September, 1894 — Vol. 17,
No. 3; also copies of Nos. 9 and 10 — Sep-
tember and October — Vol. 13, 1890. Any
one who can forward either or all of the
desired numbers will be liberally compen-
sated for so doing.
«e
HON. ALBERT O. BROWN
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 5
MAY, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 5
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
XI
Hon. Albert O. Brown
By H. C. Pearson
Albert Oscar Brown was born in
Northwood, July 18, 1853, and his
boyhood was passed in the wholesome
surroundings of a typically prosperous
agricultural community of the middle
half of the last century. His great-
great-grandfather was Jedediah
Brown, who removed from Seabrook
to Raymond early in the eighteenth
century, and whose descendants have
been prominent citizens of many of
the towns of Rockingham county.
Charles O. Brown of Northwood,
great-grandson of Jedediah, married
Sarah E. Langmaid of Chichester, a
sister of Edward Langmaid, who was
for many years a leading citizen of
that town. Three children were born
to them, of whom the eldest is the
subject of the present sketch.
Mr. Brown had the usual indus-
trious, but on the whole happy, boy-
hood of fifty years ago in a New Hamp-
shire country town, with the addi-
tional advantages of exceptionally
good common schools and of a near-
by academy to be looked forward to
almost as a matter of course. North-
wood has long held an advanced
position in the educational opportuni-
ties afforded, and she has her reward
in the record of the useful lives of her
sons and daughters. Life ran on very
quietly in a country town fifty years
since. A stage coach passed through
Northwood each week day, on its
tri-weekly trips between Concord and
Newmarket, but daily newspapers
were rare, even during the exciting
period of the civil war.
The boy Albert worked and played
and attended school, after the manner
of the boys of that day, until in time
he was of proper age and degree of
attainment to enter Coe's Northwood
academy, one of those excellent pre-
paratory schools which have exerted
so great an influence for good in many
of the rural communities of New
England. It was at this academy
that Mr. Brown was fitted for college,
and he has through life retained a
hearty interest in the school, having
been a member of its board of trustees
for many years.
Being graduated from the academy
in the class of 1874, Mr. Brown
entered Dartmouth college in Sep-
tember of the same year, and was
graduated in June, 1878, one of a class
of eighty-five members, whose aver-
age scholarship is shown by the col-
lege records to have been exception-
ally high; while the catalogue of the
alumni reveals that among them are
college presidents and professors, doc-
tors of divinity and of medicine,
judges of high courts, writers and pub-
lishers, and successful business men.
Mr. Brown sustained a high rank in
scholarship throughout his course,
and his friends have abundant reason
130
The Granite Monthly
to be gratified with his success in
after life, which has not been excelled
by any of his classmates.
After graduation from Dartmouth,
Mr. Brown turned temporarily to the
occupation of school teaching and was
for three years an instructor in Law-
rence academy at Groton, Massa-
chusetts. In this work he was abun-
dantly successful, but he had decided
to adopt the profession of the law, and
devoted the next three years to its
study in the office of Burnham &
McAllister and that of the Honorable
Henry E. Burnham in Manchester,
and at the Boston University law
school, graduating from that institu-
tion in 1884. He passed the New
Hampshire bar examinations and was
admitted to practice in this state in
August of the same year, so that the
length of his professional career to
the time of his retirement, March 1,
1912, is nearly twenty-eight years.
Throughout all this period Mr.
Brown was associated in partnership
with Judge Burnham. From time to
time other partners were admitted,
until the style of the firm became
Burnham, Brown, Jones & Warren,
and its members United States Sena-
tor Henry E. Burnham, Mr. Brown.
Hon. Edwin F. Jones, George H.
Warren, Esq., Allan M. Wilson, Esq.,
and Robert L. Manning, Esq.
The history of this firm from the
beginning is one of solid, unbroken,
substantial success, and it is probable
that no other firm in New Hampshire
has exceeded it in the aggregate
amount of its business, while no other
could excel it in honors won by dig-
nity, ability and integrity. Its roll
of clients is notable for the well-
known names of persons and corpo-
rations that it bears; it has been inter-
ested in a large proportion of the more
important cases determined in the
New Hampshire courts during the
past three decades, and at the same
time has had a great amount of busi-
ness of an advisory and executive
character. Judge Burnham was
elected to the United States senate in
1900, and was re-elected for another
term of six years in 1906. During
his public service he has dissociated
himself from his law business, and
Mr. Brown, until his own retirement
in March, was the virtual head of the
firm with the burden of its direction
resting upon his shoulders. It is a
fact which is freely recognized that
during this period the professional
position of the firm was fully main-
tained.
From the beginning of his profes-
sional career Mr. Brown recognized
the truth of the maxim that the law
is a jealous mistress, and although he
did not shut himself out from all the
social, fraternal, religious and other
activities of his city, he devoted his
energies with marked persistency and
singleness of purpose to winning suc-
cess in his chosen profession by safe-
guarding to the utmost the rights
of his clients. He was united in
marriage at Ayer, Mass., December
30, 1888, to Miss Susie J. Clarke, and
their home life has been happy at their
residence, 395 Lowell Street, Man-
chester. Mr. Brown is also a member
of the Masonic fraternity, and an
attendant and supporter of the First
Congregational church in the city of
his residence. It may be added that
he has in an unusual degree retained
his interest in the affairs which pertain
to youth, an interest which by afford-
ing opportunities for much needed
recreation, has tended to keep him
young in spirit and in body, and has
also prompted many acts of advantage
to young men of his acquaintance.
But from the beginning to the end
of his professional career, Mr. Brown
devoted his energies and abilities to
the practice of the law as a jealous
mistress indeed, and he has fully
earned the success which he has
attained. One of his earliest suc-
cesses was in an important highway
case to which his native town and two
other neighboring towns were parties.
It was sharply contested, and in-
volved certain legal points of more
than common interest, and the people
of Northwood might well feel repaid
for the educational opportunities
Hon. Albert 0. Brown 131
which they had provided in the vie- of the New Hampshire state board
tory gained through the efforts of of trade. Mr. Brown gave the prin-
one of their own sons. From that cipal address of the day, upon the sub-
time, if, indeed, there could have been ject of taxation, and on that occasion
any doubt from the beginning, the showed a mastery of the subject, in
professional position of the young its perplexing intricacy of details,
practitioner was assured. which gave assurance of efficient serv-
Although a Republican, and a mem- ice to the people of the state — a
ber of the political majority in his service for which he is the better
state, Mr. Brown has never been a can- qualified from his familiarity from
didate for office, his interest in public boyhood with conditions in the coun-
affairs being that of the intelligent try towns, and, through his long and
and patriotic citizen who supports extensive legal practice, with the con-
principles and candidates in accord ditions in the cities and the circum-
with his convictions, but who does stances attendant upon the taxation
not feel it incumbent upon him of corporations.
to spare the time from an over- Chairman Brown believes that tax-
crowded life for active participation ation in New Hampshire should be
in party leadership. However, in more equitable and effectual, and
1910 and 1911, as special counsel for therefore less burdensome, than it has
the state of New Hampshire, he con- been, and he and his associates hope
sented to assist the attorney-general to be able to make it so. As a first
in the important railroad tax appeals step in this direction, they held a
then pending in the supreme court, three days' conference at the state
preparing the state's side and taking house in January last with the asses-
a prominent part at the trial of the sors of cities and selectmen of towns
litigation with the Boston & Maine in attendance. Since that time they
and other railroads over the assess- have held like conferences with the
ment of taxes upon them by the state local assessing officers in every county
board of equalization; and this formed in the state, at which it has been made
a natural step to his appointment in absolutely plain that while the tax-
May, 1911, by the supreme court as payers are waiting for new and better
chairman of the then newly created laws, those now upon the statute
permanent state tax commission. books will be enforced without fear
One of the most important acts 0r favor,
of the legislature of 1911 was that It was almost inevitable that as
"to create a permanent tax commis- Mr. Brown came to be known as a
sion and to provide for the taxation man of sound judgment and success-
of certain public service corporations ful in his profession, his advice and
and companies." By its terms the direction would be sought in connec-
supreme court was to appoint the tion with financial affairs. The Amos
three members of this commission, keag Savings Bank is the largest insti-
which was given powers much more tution of the kind in the state>
extensive and effective than those of Incorporated in 1852, it now has
the old state board of equalization, ^^ 23 Q00 depositors with almost
which the commission superseded $13,000,000 of deposits and more
l^TSr^JT^^SS^ than S16,000,000 of assets, Mr
chairman of this commission for a Brown has been a trustee of this bank
term of six years; William B. Fellows since 1894, and was elected president
of Tilton as its secretary for a term m 1905 to succeed Otis Barton. In
of four years, and John T. Amey January, 1912, he was elected treas-
of Lancaster as its third member for urer to succeed the late and much
a term of two years. lamented George Henry Chandler.
At the midsummer meeting in 1911 He is also a member of the special
132
The Granite Monthly
committee of the trustees which has
under consideration plans for a new
bank and office building which is
expected to be the most imposing
business structure in New Hampshire.
It will be seen that Mr. Brown, in
retiring from the active practice of
his profession, has by no means with-
drawn from participation and positive
leadership in affairs of importance.
In addition to his duties at the head
of the tax commission and of the
largest financial institution in the
state, he devotes no inconsiderable
amount of time and effort to the inter-
ests of Dartmouth College, of which
he has been a trustee since his election
to that position by a large majority
of the alumni in June, 1911. In the
organization of the board Mr. Brown
serves upon the standing committee
on education, which has control of the
college curriculum. Although the
youngest of the trustees in point of
service, Mr. Brown has already been
called upon to speak for the board and
the college at Hanover, in his home
city of Manchester, and at the great
Boston reunion of alumni. He has
happily found himself in cordial sym-
pathy with the college life of today,
and while his associates and contem-
poraries prize his presence on the
board because of his attainments
and experience, the undergraduates
and young alumni are glad to find in
him a man of kindred spirit, who sees
as many baseball and football games
as he can, and who is capable of under-
standing and entering into the " boys'
view" of college questions.
While Mr. Brown has by no means
rounded out his career of activity and
usefulness, and has, indeed, but little
more than entered upon the public
portions of it, he is entitled to hearty
congratulations upon the unusual
sequence of honors and responsibilities
which have come to him, for it is cer-
tainly very much out of the ordinary
that a man should be elected trustee
of the leading college of his state,
appointed chairman of that state's
tax commission and chosen treasurer
of its largest savings bank, all in the
space of less than a twelvemonth.
WHITE VIOLETS
By Hannah B. Merriam
My darling brought these violets,
All wet with morning dew;
In mossy bed, by a brooklet fed,
Beside a rock they grew.
She brought me these white violets.
As I look in their starlike eyes
And breathe their, own sweet fragrance
Born of the woods and skies,
I know who made their beauty,
For I see in every line
Which marks their fair sweet petals
A writing all Divine.
And I ask the good All-Father,
As the leaves of her life unfold,
To keep the heart of my darling
As sweet as the buds I hold.
HAVERHILL IN THE WAR OF THE
REVOLUTION
By William F. Whitcher
Presented at the Annual Meeting of the N. H. Society, S. A. R., in Concord May 14, 1912.
Haverhill was chartered as a town-
ship May 18, 1763. Its settlement
had been begun, under promise of this
charter, the previous year. It was
the northernmost settlement of the
province, and the nearest on the south,
was Charlestown, then called Number
Four, on the Connecticut and Canter-
bury on the Merrimac.
In the ten years following the
charter the town had a prosperous
growth, and a census taken in 1773
gave it a population of 387, classified
as follows: unmarried men between
the ages of 16 and 60, 30: married
men between the ages of 16 and 60,
66: men over 60, one: unmarried
females, 112; married, 66; widows, 3;
negro slaves, 2.
During this period of ten years, con-
siderable settlements had been made
at Lebanon, Canaan, Cockersmouth
(now Groton), Hanover, Lyme, Or-
ford, Piermont, Bath, Landaff, Gun-
thwaite (now Lisbon), Lancas-
ter, Northumberland, Conway,
Wentworth, Rumney, Thornton and
Plymouth in the County incorporated
under the name of Grafton, but
Haverhill was by far the most impor-
tant town, notwithstanding the fact
that Hanover had become the seat
of Dartmouth College, was rapidly
growing and was soon to lead in point
of population if not of influence.
The importance of Haverhill had
been recognized by the Royal Govern-
ment, by making it in January, 1773,
the shire town of Grafton County
which had been incorporated two
years earlier, but was not organized
till 1773. John Hurd, Asa Porter,
Moses Little and Bezaleel Woodward,
Esquires were on May 18, appointed
as Justices of His Majestys Inferior
Court for the County. Of these the
three first named were of Haverhill,
but the latter declining to serve for
business reasons, David Hobart of
Plymouth was appointed in his place.
The population of the town in
April 1786 according to a census then
taken was 478. It is hardly probable
that the population at any one time
(hiring the years 1775-1783, exceeded
425, and yet during that period no
less than 119 men and boys of the
town did active military service as
soldiers in the struggle for Independ-
ence.
Aside from the three men who held
commissions as colonels, John Hurd,
Timothy Bedel and Charles Johnston,
seven were commissioned as captains
and commanded companies, while
109 served in subordinate capacities
as officers or in the ranks.
In the company of Rangers autho-
rized by the Provincial Congress,
May 26, 1775, mustered June 23 under
Timothy Bedel as Captain, increased
in July to a battalion of three com-
panies under the same command, there
were 15 Haverhill men, This bat-
talion grew into a regiment, and was
under command of Col. Bedel at the
fall of St. Johns in November 1775,
its term of service expiring about that
time.
In the regiment authorized by the
House of Representatives in January,
1776, Timothy Bedel, Colonel, which
was assigned to the Northern Con-
tinental Army, and whose field of
service was in Canada at St. Johns,
The Cedars and elsewhere, in the
spring and summer of 1776, there
were 25 men from Haverhill.
In May, Benj. Whit comb's Rangers,
which some of the time acted as a
company of Independent Rangers,
some of the time served in the Con-
tinental service by authority of Con-
gress, organized a part of the time as a
134 The Granite Monthly
company and a part as a battalion, later command in 1782, there were
and which was in service from Oct. eight Haverhill men.
15, 1776 to Dec. 31, 1779, there were In order to guard the Western and
six Haverhill men. northern frontiers and probably also
There were sixteen Haverhill men to preserve peace and order in mat-
serving at various times in Col. ters arising out of the so-called Ver-
Stark's regiment at Bunker Hill, in mont controversy, it was voted by
other New Hampshire regiments dur- the General Assembly Jan. 10, 1782,
ing the siege of Boston, in Col. that Col. Charles Johnston be "im-
Scammel's Continental battalion, and powered to raise twelve men as a
in other New Hampshire commands scouting party," that the place of
in the Continental line during the war. rendezvous be Haverhill, and that he
In Col. Gilman's regiment at be desired to call on the town of
Peekshill, N. Y. during the winter of Haverhill for supplies for the men.
1776 and '77 were eight Haverhill In accordance with this act, James
men. Ladd, of Haverhill, raised these men
One Haverhill man, Eleazer Dan- who went on duty in April. June 26,
forth, was in Arnold's fateful expedi- the same year, it was voted that two
tion to Quebec, and two in Col. companies of good-able, bodied, effec-
Warner's regiment in the Jerseys in tive men of fifty each, exclusive of
1775. commissioned officers be raised im-
In Col. Hobart's regiment, in mediately for the same service, that
Gen. John Stark's brigade, at Ben- both companies be under the direction
nington there were seven. . of Col. Charles Johnston, the place of
In Capt. Joseph Hutchins company, rendezvous to be Haverhill, that
which served under command of Gen. James Ladd be a lieutenant of one of
Jacob Bayly, in the Eastern division these companies and that the men
of the Northern Army under Gen. whom he had previously enlisted
Gates from Aug. 17 to Oct. 3, 1777, under the act of Jan. 10 be added to
there were twenty, including Capt. the same company. Ebenezer Web-
Hutchins, from Haverhill. ster of Salisbury was captain of the
An expedition was planned against first company which was in service
Canada in the latter part of 1777 and till Nov. 5, 1782, and which contained
it was ordered by Congress to be twenty-seven men from Haverhill,
raised by Col. Timothy Bedel. This Haverhill also furnished five men
regiment of eight companies, five of for longer or shorter periods of service
which were commanded by Haverhill in New York regiments and four in
men — Ezekiel Ladd, Timothy Barren, Massachusetts regiments.
Simeon Stevens, William Tarleton Many of these one hundred and
and Luther Richardson — was raised nineteen men saw service two or three
in December, 1777 and January and times as most terms of enlistment
February 1778, and after the aban- were short. The number of enlist-
donment of the plan of the expedition, ments, as just named was 356 and
the organization was continued under this, from a town the population of
the same command for the defence of which at no time in the period extend-
the frontiers on and adjacent to ing from 1775 to 1783 numbered as
Connecticut River, until Nov. 30, many as 450. It may be doubted if
1779. The muster rolls of some of any New Hampshire town can in this
these companies have been lost, but respect show a superior if indeed an
in those which have been preserved equal record. Many of these men it
the names of sixteen Haverhill men is true were never on the firing line,
appear. never engaged in battle, were in no
In Col. Moses Hazen's regiment long campaigns, but they rendered
organized under act of Congress arduous, self-sacrificing military serv-
March 15, 1779 and in Gen. Hazens ice in their country's cause.
Haverhill in the War of the Revolution 135
The conditions existing in the Coos Hazen, founder of the town, who died
country of which Haverhill was the in the autumn of 1774, were all prom-
recognized political and military cen- inent in the affairs of the town during
ter were peculiar. The Coos towns the Revolutionary period,
had been chartered by His Majesty's At the outset the town was prompt
governors, were a part of New Hamp- to take measures for defense. The
shire, but this part was largely nomi- records of the town meetings, annual
nal. Previous to the termination of the and special, are scanty, but they fur-
Royal Government no town in the nish much of significance. At a
Coos country, or on the Connecticut special meeting held Nov. 4, 1774, it
river had been represented in the was voted to provide a town stock
House of Representatives except of ammunition and to raise 20 I.
Charlestown, which was first repre- lawful money for that purpose. At
sented in 1771. For the House of another special meeting held January
1775, members were elected for the 5, 1775, a special committee consisting
towns of Plymouth, Orford and of James Bay ley, Capt. Ephraim
Lyme by virtue of the King's writ. Weston, Capt. Charles Johnston,
These members were refused seats on Simeon Goodwin, Timothy Barron,
the ground that the writ had been Lieut. Joseph Hutchins and Maxi
issued without the Concurrence of Haseltine were appointed to see that
the other branches of the Legislature, the results of the Continental Con-
and this refusal led to an acrimonious gress were duly observed in the town,
dispute between the Governor and the It will be noted that it is "the results
House. The Governor stood on the of the Continental Congress," and
royal prerogative, and the House upon nowhere in the town records is there
its right to regulate its own member- any reference to the Provincial Con-
ship, and grant the privilege of repre- gress or the House of Representatives
sentation as it saw fit. A large of New Hampshire. Moreover Hav-
number of towns in the northern and erhill does not appear to be repre-
western section of the Province were sented in any of the Provincial Con-
aggrieved at the denial of represen- gresses held in 1775 and 1776 except
tation, and this brought about results the Fourth and Fifth, when Ephraim
which later threatened the integrity Wesson and John Hurd were members
of the state. Many of those who had of the Fourth, and John Hurd of the
settled in the Coos towns were men of Fifth in which he represented the
culture and influence, and they natur- towns of Haverhill, Bath, Lyman,
ally paid little heed to legislative Gunthwaite, Landaff and Morris-
enactments in which they had no town. Just how or when Hurd and
voice. Capt. Wesson were elected as mem-
John Hazen, James Bailey, Ephraim bers does not appear, however, from
Wesson, Timothy Bedel had rendered the town records. At the March
honorable service as officers in the town meeting 1776, Thomas Simpson,
French and Indian wars. John Hurd, Asa Bayley and John Page were
Asa Porter, graduates of Harvard chosen a Committee of Safety, and
college, Charles Johnston, John Tap- in 1778, James Woodward, James
lin, Ezekiel Ladd, Jonathan Elkins, Abbott, James Corliss, Jonathan Hale
James Woodward, Moses Little, Tim- and Maxi Hazeltine were chosen to
othy Barron, Joseph Hutchins, Maxi act in the same capacity. At a
Haseltine, Jonathan Hale, Simeon special meeting January 6, 1778, it was
Goodwin, Thomas Simpson and An- voted to supply the families of those
drew Savage Crocker were men of who were in the Continental service,
substance, of sturdy New England In 1780 Timothy Bedel, John Rich
stock, of liberal and independent James Woodward were appointed a
views, zealous for personal rights and committee to prevent the transporta-
liberty and with the exception of tion of any grain from town.
136 The Granite Monthly
May 2, 1775, at the house of half of our men have arms. Now,
Joseph Hutchins, irmholder in Ha- gentlemen, we have all reason to
verhill, committees from the towns suspect, and really look upon our-
of Lyme, Orford, Piermont, Bath, selves in imminent danger of the
Gunthwaite, Lancaster, Northumber- enemy, and at this time in no ca-
land and Haverhill met in joint ses- pacity for a defence for want of arms
sion and signed the following pledge: and ammunition . . . We refer
"We, the subscribers, do solemnly the matter to your mature consider-
declare by all the sacred ties of honor at ion, whether it is not necessary to
and religion that we will act at all give us assistance, that we may be
times against all illegal and unconsti- ready in case of invasion. We have
tutional impositions and acts of Par- a number of men in these parts of
liament made and enacted against the country who have not any real
the New England governments, and estate, who will certainly leave us
the continent of English North Amer- unless some assistance be given; and
ica." And we do engage to stand in who are ready to assist and stand by
opposition to all force come, or coming our cause with their lives, provided
against us, by order of the present encouragement is given them. If you
ministry, for supporting of the present shall think it necessary to raise forces
measures, while our lives and fortunes to defend this our Province, if you
last, or until all these notorious un- will give orders in what manner as-
constitutional acts are repealed and sistance can be procured, please to
the American colonies re-established inform us as expeditiously as the
in the privileges due to them as nature of things will allow. There is
American subjects." no doubt of enlisting numbers without
This pledge was signed on behalf distressing or much interfering with
of Haverhill by Charles Johnston, towns near the seacoasts, provided we
Timothy Barron, Simeon Goodwin have the platform to act on." What
and James Bayley. It was voted was wanted was some color of author-
that a copy of the proceedings of ity on which to act.
the meeting be transmitted by the In response to this appeal the
clerk to the Provincial Congress Provincial Congress voted June 3,
which was to meet at Exeter May 17, "that a company of sixty men be
and Ezekiel Ladd was appointed a raised of the inhabitants of the
delegate to represent these commit- western frontiers to be commissioned
tees in that Congress. The clerk, by the Committee of Safety, and
Charles Johnston, accompanied his that these and two companies out
report with a letter which shows the of the two thousand men raised in
danger which Haverhill and the other this colony be stationed, as soon as
towns believed threatened them and the Committee of Supplies procure
from which they sought relief. stores for them by the Committee of
After mentioning the reports that Safety, on said frontiers and remain
men were being invited by Gov. until further orders." Timothy Bedel
Carlton of Quebec, and that Indians was appointed to the command of
were being engaged for the purpose these companies. July 7 he was
of invasion of Coos, he wrote: "How commissioned Captain, and later in
near the borders of the enemy we are, the month mustered his men at
every one knows who is acquainted Haverhill, which was made the place
with the boundaries of our Province, of rendezvous. In September he
As to the position of defence, we are marched with a greatly enlarged
in difficult circumstances; we are in force to join the army of Maj.-Gen.
want of both arms and ammunition. Schuyler, who was investing St.
There is very little or none worth Johns, Canada. This command, with
mentioning, perhaps one pound of which he rendered brilliant service,
powder to twenty men, and not one numbered, at the fall of St. Johns,
Haverhill in the War of the Revolution
137
November 2, about 1,200 men, en-
listed from the towns in the Cons
country and the western frontiers,
with some Green Mountain boys and
Indians. What Haverhill wished for,
in common with the other Coos
towns, was authority, and, though
the men authorized to be raised for-
defence were used for aggressive pur-
poses, it was little more than au-
thority that was given. So seemingly
neglectful were the Exeter authorities
in making provision for Col. Bedel's
troops, that, down to the fall of St.
Johns, it was uncertain whether his
command belonged to the military
establishment of the province or that
of the Continental government, the
result being that both governments
neglected to pay his men. This
neglect was probably partly due to
lack of ability. Thus at the begin-
ning and indeed all through the
struggle for independence Haverhill
and her sister towns felt that they
had little to expect in the way of
material aid from the Exeter govern-
ment.
In the Fourth Provincial Congress
which met May 17, 1775 and was fi-
nally dissolved November 15, Ephraim
Wesson was in attendance fifty-nine
days and John Hurd six days. This
Congress had provided for a census
to be taken of the province and,
based on this census, for another
Congress to be elected to meet at
Exeter December 21, 1775. This
latter Congress was to consist of
eighty-nine members, apportioned ac-
cording to population, and Grafton
County, which embraced the present
counties of Grafton and Coos and
part of Carroll, was to be restricted
to six members. Bath, Lyman,
Gunthwaite, Landaff and Morristown
were classed with Haverhill, and
Col. John Hurd of Haverhill was
chosen the member from these towns,
though no record of his election is
found in any of the towns. It was
provided that in case the Continental
Congress should recommend this col-
ony to assume government in any
way that would require a House of
Representatives, the Congress might
resolve itself into such a House for
the term of one year. Col. Hurd was
beyond question one of the most
prominent and useful members of
this body. He was a man of marked
personality and exerted a dominating
influence in Haverhill and Grafton
County during the early years of the
Revolutionary period. He had re-
ceived a liberal education, graduating
at Harvard in the Class of 1747.
Removing to Portsmouth some time
after 1760, he became one of the
coterie of friends and advisors of
John Wentworth, when he came to
the governorship in 1767, who gave
him large grants of land in various
towns in the northern part of the
State. He came to Haverhill in the
latter part of 1772, and at once took
a leading part in the affairs of the
town. He had a large acquaintance
in Rockingham County, was prob-
ably more familiar with the general
affairs of the province and had more
influence with His Majesty's govern-
ment at Portsmouth than any other
resident of Coos. When, however, it
came to a choice between the cause
of the Colony and the King, he did
not for a moment hesitate, and took
at once a pronounced position. When
the Provincial Congress in June 1775
determined that John Fenton was no
longer to be trusted with the records
of the Grafton Courts, they were
placed in the custody of Col. Hurd
for safekeeping, and he was con-
tinued as colonel of the militia
which had been enrolled in Coos
for purposes of defence. When the
Congress met in December 1775, he
at once took a prominent part in its
proceedings. He was a member of
the committee appointed to draw up
a plan of government, a committee
which framed the first civil compact
or constitution for New Hampshire.
He was chairman of the committee
to draft a form of oath to be entered
into by members of the new govern-
ment, and also of a committee to
audit accounts against the colony.
The temporary constitution which
138
The Granite Monthly
went into effect January 5, 1776,
provided that after resolving itself
into a House of Representatives, the
said House should choose twelve per-
sons to be a distinct and separate
branch of the Legislature, by the
name of a Council. Under this pro-
vision Col. Hurd was chosen on the
councillor to which the County of
Grafton was entitled and he there-
upon vacated his seat in the House.
The old county offices were held to
be abolished and the Legislature pro-
ceeded to establish others. Col. Hurd
was continued in his office as first
justice of the inferior Court of Com-
mon Pleas, his associates being Beza-
leel Woodward, Israel Morey and
Samuel Emerson. He was also chosen
county treasurer and recorder of
deeds and conveyances. In the
Council he took a leading position,
serving on its most important com-
mittees; among others, first on the
committee appointed June 11, 1776,
to draft the declaration of the gen-
eral assembly for the independence
of the United Colonies. He was also
given pretty much the entire control
of the military operations in Coos.
Haverhill was made the place of ren-
dezvous for soldiers intended for
service in Canada, and Col. Hurd
with Col. Morey was to enlist the
companies, muster and form the men,
give orders to the companies of
rangers raised to protect the frontiers
and deliver commissions to those
whom the soldiers had chosen as their
officers.
The Legislature adjourned July 6,
and Col. Hurd found affairs in Ha-
verhill in anything but a satisfactory
state on his arrival home. The
American soldiers in Canada were
retreating before the superior force
of Gen. Burgoyne. Col. Bedel who
had in the previous January, return-
ing from Canada to Haverhill, raised
in the Coos County a second regiment
and taken it through the woods on
snowshoes to "the Cedars" near
Montreal, was under arrest, and
shortly to be dismissed from the
service. A great state of alarm ex-
isted. Haverhill had been fortified
to some extent, the towns to the
north, Bath and Gunthwaite were
practically deserted, and many had
left Haverhill for their own homes.
Among those who had left was Mrs.
Hurd, whom her husband met at
Concord on his way home, and from
which place he sent back to Exeter
urgent appeals for help.
Aside from this, he found that the
new government of which he was so
important a member was held in
anything but high esteem by his
constituents. Representation in the
House of Representatives was based
on population and Grafton County
had but six members in a total of
eighty-nine. The towns in that
county and in the western part of
the State had been settled by men
who believed the town to be the unit
of government and entitled to repre-
sentation as a town, in any legislative
assembly. Hanover and the five
Grafton County towns classed with
it had refused to send a member
and Hanover men led by Col. John
Wheelock and Bezaleel Woodward
had been active during the summer
in stirring up disaffection with the
Exeter government in the towns to
the north, Haverhill among others.
Col. Hurd had hardly arrived home
before the famous convention of rep-
resentatives from Coos towns met in
College Hall at (Dresden) Hanover to
protest against the authority assumed
to be exercised over them by the gov-
ernment at Exeter.
Col. Hurd also discovered, or at
least thought he discovered that his
neighbor and former associate on the
Grafton County bench, Col. Asa Por-
ter, was among those who were be-
lieved to be plotting to throw Coos
under the protection of Gen. Bur-
goyne. Col. Hurd himself was an
ardent revolutionist, but his associa-
tion for years with the exclusive set
that had been in control of the
province, naturally made him a strong
partisan of the government at Exeter
in the organization of which he had
so actively participated, and caused
Haverhill in the War of the Revolution
139
him to look "upon disloyalty to that
government as little less than treason
to the country. Col. Porter was a
marked personality and wielded large
influence in the early history of
Haverhill. A graduate of Harvard
in the Class of 1742, he had engaged
in mercantile pursuits at Newbury-
port for a time, till he acquired large
landed property in Coos, and came to
Haverhill about 1770, where he at
once took a leading position in affairs.
A man of large means, aristocratic in
his tendencies and habits, he un-
doubtedly had little sympathy with
the revolutionary acts of his neigh-
bors — Johnston, Hurd, Bedel, Wes-
son, Barron and others.
He certainly had little sympathy
with the Exeter government. Human
nature was much the same in 1775
and 1776 as now. He had been
dropped. from his office of justice of
the County Court on its re-organiza-
tion, while Hurd had not only been
retained, but had also been made
Councillor for the County, recorder
of deeds, county treasurer, and had
returned home a kind of military
dictator. It is just possible that
Col. Hurd may have shown signs of
consciousness of his own importance,
which might have made his reception
by his neighbor and former judicial
colleague less enthusiastic than
he wished. This much is certain:
Col. Porter was a positive man and
was beyond question outspoken in
his criticism of the Exeter govern-
ment for its neglect to send aid to the
seriously threatened people of Coos,
and under the circumstances he
naturally became an object of sus-
picion to Col. Hurd who became
convinced that Porter was "prac-
tising things inimical to his country.
Col. Porter's arrest followed and,
after examination by the Committees
of Safety of Haverhill and Bath he
was sent to Exeter, where he was
tried by the Committee of Safety,
placed under bonds to remain on his
father's farm in Boxford, Mass., and
only permitted to return to Haver-
hill in November, 1777, where he re-
sided until his death in 1818, loyal to
his government, influential with his
townsmen, and prominent in the af-
fairs of his section.
John Hurd rendered most impor-
tant and valuable service to the
patriot cause, though his influence in
Haverhill, because of the Porter affair,
and the growing disaffection of the
people with the Exeter government
was on the wane, and he ceased to
take an active part in affairs after
the former part of 1777. He returned
to his earlier Boston home and his
remains lie in the Old Granary buiy-
ing ground of that city.
Haverhill and the towns classed
with it refused to comply with the
precepts issued in the name of the
Council and House of Representa-
tives, and at meetings called in 1776
for the choice of members of the
Council and House, chose commit-
tees to return the precepts with rea-
sons for non-compliance. The voters
of Haverhill presented reasons very
similar to those of other towns, which
were in brief as follows: the plan of
representation was inconsistent with
the liberties of a free people; the
classification of towns for purposes of
representation was in violation of un-
doubted rights inhering in towns as
units of government; none but free-
holders were entitled to election; no
bill of rights had been drawn up or
any form of government established
subsequent to the Declaration of
Independence ; a Council having power
to negative proceedings of the House
of Representatives was dangerous;
and if a Council was to be authorized
at all, it should be elected on a general
ticket by the whole people instead of
by districts. It may be noted in
passing that not all the theories of
government vociferously urged today
are wholly new. Haverhill was cer-
tainty "Progressive" in 1776.
From 1777 on, till the close of the
Revolution, Haverhill acknowledged
but little allegiance to the Exeter
government. She refused representa-
tion in the New Hampshire Legisla-
ture, but remained steadfastly loyal
140
The Granite Monthly
to the revolutionary cause. She fur-
nished men for defence and for ag-
gression. She responded to calls for
men for any service in the patriot
cause, though preferring that the
calls and requisitions should be made
by the Continental Congress instead
of the New Hampshire Government.
Timothy Bedel returning to Haver-
hill in 1776 after an absence of three
or four years in Bath, again rendered
valuable service and probably re-
cruited more men for the patriot
cause than any other citizen of the
State. His grave in the old cemetery
at Haverhill Corner is marked by a
simple stone slab from which the in-
scription, except that of his name, has
been obliterated by the storms of a
hundred years. Charles Johnston,
who succeeded Col. Hurd. in the work
of the defence of the borders, who as
Lieutenant-Colonel of Col. Hobart's
regiment in Stark's brigade at Ben-
nington, by personal bravery and
skillful handling of his men won un-
dying honor, rendered during all the
years invaluable service, and became
the most influential and prominent
citizen of the town, doing more per-
haps than any other to bring the
town and section into harmony with
the State government. His grave,
but a few feet distant from that of
Col. Bedel, merits a more substantial
monument than the crumbling stone
on which only this inscription is now
decipherable. :
"Col. Charles Johnston died March 5,
1813, in his 75th year."
Haverhill's prominence in the great
struggle of independence was due in
part to her geographical position.
The town was the doorway of en-
trance from the north to eastern New
England and was constantly in danger
of attack by forces from Canada.
The inhabitants were in almost a
constant state of alarm from inva-
sion from that section. Stockades
were built at four different places for
security and at one time people from
Bath and Gunthwaite were gathered
in these, through fear of an attack by
Indians. After the fall of Ticonderoga
in 1777, and again in 1780 there was
special alarm. Town expenses in-
creased and population at one time
decreased, many, for the most part
non-land owners, removing to more
safe and central parts of the State;
but through these troublous times
men and supplies were furnished
without wavering. There was hardly
an able-bodied man or boy in town
who was not at some time under en-
listment for a longer or shorter period,
and doing duty as scout, ranger tor
soldier of the line.
Few descendants of these men of
the early time are found in the
Haverhill of the present, and it is
significant of the changes that have
taken place in New England popula-
tion that the leaders in the struggles
of that time, Hurd, Bedel, Johnston,
Barron, Tarleton, Ladd, Simpson,
Stevens, Richardson and Hutchins
have no representatives in the citizen-
ship of the town today. They are
not, however, wholly forgotten.
The soldiers' monument which will
be erected in the town this present
year will happily and appropriately
be a memorial not only to the one
hundred and forty-seven men of
Haverhill who followed the flag from
1861 to 1865, to preserve liberty and
union, but also to the one hundred
and nineteen men who in an earlier
time, amid the hardships and priva-
tions of pioneer life risked lives and
fortunes to make liberty and union
possible.
DEACON WILLIAM G. BROWN
By J. Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens, M.D.
The memory of Deacon William
G. Brown dates from childhood with
many New Hampshire people who
are yet living.
The father of the writer — Sewel
Hoit— died Jan. 22, 1874. A girl of
thirteen years, she well remembers the
bright sunshiny morning, a few weeks
later, when Deacon Brown called at
their door with Bibles to sell, solicit-
ing at the same time contributions of
money for the Bible Society. He was
poorly clad, in rusty or faded black
clothes, and a hat the worse for wear.
In person he was clean and whole-
some.
The Bible representative, uncon-
sciously on his part, appealed to the
lady's sympathy quite as much as
did the cause for which he was solicit-
ing, although both objects appeared
to her as one. Her husband's best
suit of clothes had not yet been
handed over to anyone. Calculating
in her mind that they would fit the
gentleman in need she made free to
ask if he would accept for himself
a suit of clothes which she had in the
house. He seemed most pleased to do
so and, in accepting, she learned that
the suit he was wearing was the best
he owned.
The headquarters of the New
Hampshire Bible Society, then as
now, was at Concord, and he was
invited by Mrs. Hoit, in order to
save the Society the expense of his
board, to make this home his abiding
place whenever he needed to be in
Concord. Thus the Sewel Hoit place
became one of his homes and so con-
tinued with only one interruption for
eighteen years.
In 1879 Mrs. Hoit married Frank-
lin R. Thurston of Marlboro, N. H.
The reconstructed home was for a few
years transferred to Marlboro. There
Deacon Brown lived, during several
canvassings of the town and its out-
lying districts. Mr. Thurston's time
and team as well as the home were
always at the Deacon's disposal,
without limitation.
In the mean time the writer had
entered Wellesley College. The home
letters which told of Deacon Brown
being with the home people were
always of particular interest to her,
especially when, as frequently hap-
pened, a message direct from his lips
was forwarded her. The messages
were usually in the nature of encour-
agement for the warfare of life and
backed by a scripture text, or inter-
woven as a rhyme.
The following are inscriptions made
by him on various occasions in the
writer's autograph albums.
Dee. 22, 1887.
Favour is deceitful and beauty is vain, but a woman
that feareth the Lord, she shall be praised. Give her
of the fruit of her hands and let her works praise her
in the gates.
Prov. of Solomon, 31: 30, 31.
Wit. G. Browx.
Campton March 23, 1885.
John 13 : 34
Beauty will fade; and gold may fly:
The head grow white and dim the eye;
The step grow weak and sound depart — ■
But Christian Love still warms the heart.
This is a grace that never dies
Though stars may cease to light the skies
Though sun and moon may shine no more
This grace shall triumph evermore.
If this be so (we doubt it not)
Why then should not this grace be sought
'Twill cheer our pathway to the grave
And help us much to others save.
W. G. Brown.
After five years Mr. Thurston's
interest in Marlboro waned somewhat,
due to the fact that his children's
families had, for business reasons,
left the town. It was then deemed
wise that the Sewel Hoit place, built
by him about the year 1840, should
be re-occupied by his heirs and Mr.
Thurston returned with them.
Deacon Brown's duties in connec-
tion with the Bible Society about
this time were calling him to the
Capital City nearly every month,
and often held him in the city for
weeks at a time, so a room in the
house was set aside for him, and was
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The Granite Monthly
always spoken of as " Deacon Brown's
room." Again Mr. Thurston's team
and time were always at his command.
With the two seater, Mr. and Mrs.
Thurston (and during vacation season
the writer) frequently accompanied
him to the towns adjoining Concord.
He was a delightful companion. He
had a rich store of stories in connec-
Deacon Brown started out in this
work with an old white horse. They
were companions in the Bible work
for many years and when the horse
died the Deacon had the hide tanned
and made into leather cases which
he carried, filled with Bibles and
Testaments, strapped across his
shoulder during the remainder of his
Deacon William G. Brown
tion with his work, and could keep
any company in good humor and some
times make them roar with laughter.
He was blessed with humor and always
saw the funny side of life. Religious
and most conscientious, he was always
bubbling over with fun, a fountain
of inspiration to all about him. His
prayers were a help in daily life to
us all.
life. Well acquainted with the coun-
try by the time the old horse died he
did not incur the expense of buying
another, but used "shanks mare,"
The dear old man died at the Sewel
Hoit place April 5, 1892, two years
after the writer had been graduated
in medicine. He had been attending
a meeting at Raymond on the Thurs-
day previous and was taken with
Deacon William G. Brown
143
pain in his chest which extended down
his left arm. He spent the Sabbath
at Manchester with his sister Mrs.
Emma Brown Holbrook, and on
Monday, although not feeling well,
he came to Concord where he had
been canvassing for several weeks.
The writer was away from home;
otherwise some medical assistance
might have averted the results that
followed his complaint of feeling-
poorly when he retired at an early
hour on that Tuesday evening. Since
he did not make his appearance at
the usual hour for breakfast Mr.
Thurston went to his room but could
get no response to his rap on the door;
so he opened the door and spoke
but could not awaken the Deacon.
It was soon apparent that he had
fallen into his last sleep; angina
pectoris probably having been the
cause.
The Milford Farmers' Cabinet for April 14,
1892, mentioned his death in headlines thus:
"A Prince in Israel is Dead"; "Know ye
not that there is a prince and a great man
fallen this day in Israel?"
The article proceeds as follows : —
"Deacon Brown is dead," was the sudden
sad announcement that sent grief and gloom
into the homes of Concord on the th
instant. Yes, the good Bible man has gone
to his rest. The cheering familiar face of
our dear loving friend and brother will be
seen no more. The pilgrim has ceased his
wanderings; the well-worn and time-honored
satchel with its precious Bible burden has
ceased its visitations; and the whole State
is in tears." He was born in Hollis, July 3,
1815. His residence had been in Campton
the last 42 years of his life and there he is
buried.
"In January 1849 he commenced the work
of canvassing the State for supplying the
Bible under the auspices of the New Hamp-
shire Bible Society — a work which death
found him engaged in, having been as he
playfully termed it 'wandering forty years
in the wilderness' and having in that time
walked more miles than any other man in
the State, and left in its homes more than one
hundred thousand copies of the word of God.
He has also often supplied pulpits, attended
untold bible meetings; engaged in revival
services; largely aided the Y. M. C. A. and
done an immense amount of Christian work
in the families of the State in connection with
his oft repeated visits. His visits will be
missed. And what will the Bible meeting
be without the Bible man? Who can fill
his place?"
In summer's heat and winter's cold,
< I'er hill and dale and plain,
He's borne his satchel till grown old,
Through sunshine and through rain.
There's not a home, however proud,
A cot, however small,
Xor one so lone and solitaire,
As not to know his call.
More was his love to give than sell,
'Twas need he sought to reach;
But more and most 'twas his delight
The ignorant to teach.
And many rescued, saved ones
Will weep when thev shall learn
That the beloved "Bible Man"
To his long rest has gone.
He rests, and blessed is his rest,
For in long years to come,
His name shall yield a sweet perfume
Within our every home.
The Lord be praised for Deacon Brown.
His noble Christian race.
And may his kindly Providence
As richly fill the place.
E. D. B.
The writer was at one time the
recipient of a discarded satchel made
from the faithful horse's hide which
had been many times through the
State, slung from the good man's
shoulder, and into which, and out of
which, he had handled many a volume
of the Holy Book.
After the death of Mrs. Thurston
in 1898, as the writer was about leav-
ing America for foreign shores to be
absent some years, and not knowing
that she would ever return to live
in the old home again, she gave this
sacred souvenir which had been
given to her by the "Bible Man,"
himself, to the New Hampshire His-
torical Society, and it is probably
safe in the Society's charge today.
He used to tell a story of one frosty
morning, when, in the neighborhood
of the new Cemetrey, he met a peddler
who accosted him thus: "Well, old
man what are you selling?" The
Deacon replied "Lamps." "Lamps?"
said the peddler; "Lamps? how can
you have lamps in that bag?" The
144
The Granite Monthly
Deacon opened his bag and took out
a book, opening it to Psalms 119;
105; repeating the words as he handed
the Testament to the man:
"Thy word is a lamp unto my feet
and a light unto my path."
"Ha-ah!" said the peddler and he
drove on.
Deacon Brown told once of stop-
ping with his sister in Manchester,
N. H., when he inquired of her hus-
to pass that place by. But the
Deacon went. On entering he first
beheld four young men at a table
playing cards. He walked up to
the table, opened his bag, took out
one ten cent Testament after another
and laid them at the elbows of the
young men. Each in turn opened
the book, and one of them said, "This
don't seem to be just the place for
that sort of a book, does it?" The
Dr. J. Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens
band concerning a certain saloon in
their vicinity. Mr. Holbrook stated
the name of the owner, but said;
"You are not going in there, are you?
you must not go in there. Don't
do it!" Next morning the Deacon's
brother-in-law asked him; "You are
not going into that saloon, are you?':
The Deacon replied, "I don't know."
Mr. Holbrook again emphatically
stated that he must not go into that
place and pleaded at length for him
Deacon asked, "What do you think
your mother would say about it?"
And he replied; "I know who you are.
You used to call upon my mother
upon the hill. I remember you."
"Well, young man," said the Deacon,
"which do you think your mother
would prefer you to have, the Testa-
ment or the cards? " And he, turning
to his companions, said — "I guess
we had better take them, boys."
A young man then entering walked
Deacon William G. Brown
145
straight to the bar and called for a
glass of beer. The Deacon walked
up and planted a ten cent Testament
beside the glass. The young man
looked at it and the Deacon exclaimed
"The spirit of God and the spirit of
the Devil side by side and not quar-
reling!'' Then the Deacon asked,
"Which will you have: they are both
the same price?" The fellow bought
the Testament and went out, leaving
the glass untouched. The saloon-
keeper informed Deacon Brown that
he was doing more business there than
himself. The Deacon replied to the
saloon-keeper; "Well, you'll buy one
before I get through ; you need a Bible.
week came to her home, which was
beautifully furnished. She greeted
him cordially and reiterated her great
interest in the cause he represented,
saying she should be pleased to con-
tribute. She arose and left the room,
returning with a five dollar bill and
handed it to Deacon Brown. As he
was folding it to put it into his pocket
she remarked that they were short
for money just now. If he would
make the change he might keep five
cents for the cause. The Deacon
put his hand into his pocket and
brought out a handful of silver,
slowly counted out the change and
gave her four dollars and ninety-five
The Sewel Hoit House. Concord Home of Deacon William G. Brown
Here is one for forty cent>."' All
the hangers-on took up the subject
and challenged the bar-keeper till he
was forced to make an offer. He
said, "I'll. give you twenty-five cents
for it"- — and the Deacon replied,
"the book is yours." Following this
more copies of the Testament were
sold in the saloon before the good man
left,
In a thrifty Xew Hampshire town
where contributions were asked a
finely dressed woman after church
told the Deacon that she was greatly
interested in his work and that when
he should call at her house she would
give him something for the cause.
He thanked her and the following-
cents ($4.95); Then said, "Now,
madam. I thank you for your gener-
ous gift. I hope you will follow it
with your prayers. Good Morning."
On another occasion, while in con-
versation with an egotistical man
who claimed to believe that there is
no God, the Deacon energetically
remarked "Oh I have heard of you!
You are mentioned in a book I have
here." The man became very curious
and wanted to see the book and his
own mention. The Deacon opened
his satchel and took out one of his
Bibles; opening to Psalm 1-4—1 he
pointed for the man to read — " The fool
hath said in his heart, there is no God."
The man read and hung his head.
146
The Granite Monthly
. One autumn during the latter part
of the good man's life Mr. and Mrs.
Thurston and the writer, in response
to an oft repeated invitation took a
carriage trip to Campton to spend
Saturday and Sunday in the home of
Mr. and Mrs. Brown. On the even-
ing after the arrival it was chilly.
The Deacon's son Henry sat on the
woodbox in the kitchen while each
of the others occupied chairs near
the stove. It was a cozy country
scene. The subject of conversation
as the writer remembers it, was inter-
esting because Mr. Henry Brown
knew the wooded Waterville property
which had belonged to Sewel Hoit
which his heirs had never seen and
which they had recently sold.
On Saturday Mrs. Brown escorted
us to a quilting party, at the church
vestry. The church people were busy
at work for the eldest daughter of
the pastor, Miss Ellen Blakely, who
was about to leave for foreign shores
as missionary to Turkey. That sec-
ond night the wind howled, and in
the morning the ground was white
with snow. There were cracks and
crevices in the house, through which
the snow actually blew. The build-
ing was old and probably the deacon
felt that it was not worth enough to
pay for fixing it up; for to begin
would have meant no end to repair
and expense.
In 1907 the writer married George
W. Stevens of Claremont, who, as
she later discovered, had in his youth
also assisted Deacon Brown in his
canvassings of Ac worth, and that on
such occasions the Deacon's home
had been in Mr. Stevens' father's
family. Thus was the man of God
endeared to the hearts of both New
Hampshire people.
MAY MEADOWS
By Charles Henry Chesley
May meads are fit for tripping feet,
Children of the spring ;
Gay young hearts with joy replete,
Melodies from near retreat
Where the thrushes sing —
Happy youths and maidens stray
Through the blooming fields of May.
Innocent, with bluet eyes,
Creeps the greening grass,
And the golden cowslip vies
With the oriole that flies
Through the maple pass.
All the colors of the morn
In the meads of May were born.
Fancy rears her castles high
In a bed of flowers;
Maidens dance with laughing eye,
This is not the time to sigh,
Cherish well the hours,
For the song that ripples here
Lives a joy full many a year.
MOXHECxAN ISLAND
By Helen Rolfe Holmes
About twenty miles out to sea from
Boothbay Harbor, Maine, lies the
peaceful little island of Monhegan.
To a lover of nature it is an ideal
spot. Its very primitiveness gives
one a feeling of perfect rest. Within
its length of two and a half miles
and width of one mile, one never
tires of the varied scenery, for there
are so many kinds, — the rocky cliffs,
the sandy beach, the woods of tall
evergreen trees and the green fields.
This island is only inhabited by
about a hundred people, fishermen
and their families, who live there the
year around. Their little cottages
are small but comfortable.
Through the summer a few visitors
come to the island, who mostly board
at the two small hotels. Many of
them are people who have come year
after year to spend their summer in
the quaint old place they have learned
to love. There are many artists
who never tire of coming to paint on
their canvas the beautiful spots they
find on the island and to sketch the
old tumbling down fish houses, where
are stowed away nets, oars, lobster
cages and what would seem to us only
"trash" but which are very useful to
these old fishermen.
To one who has spent a summer on
dear old Monhegan Island it is like
being in another world than our busy
cities or thronged summer resorts.
The memory will ever be a pleasant
and dear one to those fortunate
enough to visit this little island.
It is a daily event to the islanders
when the small boat arrives with the
mail, supplies and a few passengers.
Xo large steamers come to the island.
Two small sail boats, fitted with
power engines to be used in cases of
necessity, attend to all the wants.
Occasionally a private yacht with
tourists makes a landing to allow the
people on board a few hours on this
attractive island. Plentv of row and
sail boats are generously loaned by
the fishermen to the summer visitors.
Lying parallel with the island is a
ledge of rocks called "Mananna"
which forms a little harbor for Mon-
hegan Island. This ledge is on the
side toward the mainland. On its
highest point are a fog horn and a
bell. On a foggy day these make the
first sounds to let the craft know they
are nearing Monhegan Island. As
one approaches Mananna, in a clear
day, he thinks it is Monhegan and is
disappointed, but when the boat
makes the turn around the ledge into
Small Harbor, between Mananna and Monhegan
the tiny harbor his first thought can
be none other than, "What a fasci-
nating spot," for now he sees Mon-
hegan Island.
Stepping from the boat to the old
wooden wharf the visitor will see
what he would call a two wheeled
dump cart to which is attached the
only horse on Monhegan Island.
This takes the mail, the supplies and
baggage to the proper places. This
same cart does all the necessary
teaming on the island. There are a
few cows and plenty of hens on the
island.
Walking up the road path from the
wharf one sees first an old carpenter
shop, then the Post Office. This is in
the ell part of a quaint old house of
148
The Granite Monthly
nearly a century of years old. There
are several old houses upon this
island, for its history dates back
nearly as far as that of Plymouth,
Massachusetts. Some of the island-
A Bit of Interior Scenery
ers insist that it had been visited before
that place, even.
There is only one road through
Monhegan, but many a path winds
about in the woods, fields and on top
of the cliffs. Scattered along this
road are the homes of the fishermen,
the one little store that the island
boasts of, a small school house, a little
church, a very few summer residents'
cottages, a few artists' bungalows
and two small hotels. This road
winds along rather irregularly with
plenty of rocks to stumble over.
There is one house on the island
that draws attention at once. It is
called the "Influence" and is of a very
different type from the others. Vari-
ous romantic stories hover over this
quaint and mysterious looking house
which was built by other hands than
that of fishermen evidently, for it is
the style of architecture one finds in
other countries.
All these romances have for their
foundation that an Italian nobleman
came and had built this mansion years
and years ago and that he brought
a beautiful bride there to live. For
some reason they chose to drop their
real family names. There is some
truth in the stories but no one knows
the full histon^ of the house. It has
been made over, partly, into studios
for summer artist visitors and some
rooms reserved for a family who come
every year from Massachusetts, to
occupy it.
One of the fascinating spots on the
island is Lobster Cove. Here are
broad flat rocks where one can sit for
hours watching the surf as it dashes
wildly over the many jagged rocks
on the outer edge of the island. One
can look far out to sea from this side
of the island and see naught but the
vast ocean, flecked occasionally with
a white sail nearer the island.
Following along from here one
comes to a path leading up to the
great rocky cliffs, grand as they are,
overlooking the broad ocean. Some
are one hundred and seventy-five feet
high. The colorings in these cliffs
furnish many subjects for the artists
who paint such beautiful pictures of
them. These cliffs extend quite a
distance along the shore and are
given many names suitable to their
colors, shapes and resemblances, such
as "White Head," "Black Head,"
"Burnt Head," "Gull Rocks," etc.
A great pastime for the summer
visitor is to climb the path to these
cliffs and walk out as far toward the
edge as a clear and steady head will
allow, then sit down and watch the
graceful sea gulls as they fly about so
thickly. The air, the great expanse of
Cliffs and Rocky Shore of Monhegan
sky and sea, the grandeur of the rocks
all harmonize together and invigorate
as no tonic can do. Inside Burnt
Head is a cave which is difficult of
access and only the courageous at-
Monhegan Island
149
tempt it. Its darkness and dampness
are fairly gruesome and one must step
across water from rock to rock in one
place to enter its opening.
At the upper end of the island,
along the shore is Pulpit Rock, so-
called from its resemblance. Near
this and built upon rocks is an old
weather-worn, unpainted house called
the "Hermitage" which is occupied
by a genuine hermit, an old man of
over eighty years. He lives alone
and is a great wonder to all visitors
to the Island.
In the upper end of the island the
beautiful "Cathedral Woods" furnish
a cool retreat for a walk upon a
warm summer day. One seldom finds
so many tall and perfectly straight
evergreen trees. The beautiful ferns
make a vista of green, through the
trees, that forms a picture to the eye.
These trees are like great spires.
Thus they take their name.
On the highest point in the island
stands Monehegan Light House, whose
powerful light is thrown by a lens
bought in France at a cost of forty
thousand dollars. This is a first-
class lighthouse. In connection with
the lighthouse is the house where the
faithful keeper and family live. The
immaculate whiteness of this set of
buildings, both inside and outside, is
refreshing.
In about the center of the island
are a few acres of fields where plenty
of berries are picked in their season.
There are vegetable gardens on the
island.
At the little chapel a prayer and
song service is held unless a minister
chances to be among the visitors.
The little cemetery is near the
lighthouse. Grave stones are rare,
but crosses of wood are used. Here
are buried many unknown sailors
whose bodies have been saved from
wrecks, washing to shore, as well as
the dear ones of the fishermen's
families.
In the little store can be found a
few groceries, fishing tackle, pipes
and tobacco, etc., but about every-
thing has to be brought from the
mainland in the "Effort" which has
made daily trips for about thirty
years carrying all the mail. The
"Effort" has seen many a wintry
storm and has had few mishaps.
There are many children on this
island who have never seen the main-
Monhegan Lighthouse
land and know no life but that of
their own little sphere.
There could be no more charming
spot, than this little island, no more
good hearted people than these fisher-
folk, no better air, no better place to
rest from the turmoil of our busy
lives, than this quiet haven.
Dear old Monhegan, may you
always keep your quaintness and may
the hand of man never disturb your
wondrous beauty, which shows the
hand of God in His beautiful works
of nature!
BRAVE SOLDIERS OF THE SEA
By Margaret Quimby
Just as the tide is flowing
Out to the open sea,
We'll cast adrift sweet flowers
In loving memory
Of the heroes, lost and buried
In ocean's voiceless deep.
Immortal are love's vigils —
Fond memory cannot sleep.
On and on the years may roll,
Yet time can ne'er efface
The stirring deeds of valor,
On history's page we trace:
For our sailor soldiers battled
Not alone 'gainst shot and shell,
Storm-tossed, on the wild wide ocean,
Four-fold their perils swell.
And silently drifting onward,
On crested waves of sea;
Sweet flowers shall blend, as incense,
Our love with their loyalty.
And on through all the ages,
The children of the free
With loving hands, shall flowers cast
On the tide flowing out to sea.
For human love, like love divine,
Can ne'er forget its oWn, —
Our soldier dead shall honored be
Till heaven and earth are one;
While they, in the Holy City,
From mansions of the blest,
May see and know us, as we cast
Sweet flowers on Ocean's breast.
THE MYSTIC SPRING
By Stewart Everett Rowe
Smile through the day and then amid the night
Smile in your dreams, no matter what befall,
And know for sure that e'er you hear the Call
Your fond desire shall be your own by right;
Smile on! Smile on! With all your strength and might
For smiles — you know— make all the world go round,—
Yes, he who smiles the Mystic Spring has found
Whereof to drink and win at last the fight!
Oh! Can't you see and can't you know for sure
That if you mope and grope and hope in grief,
You'll surely fall and fail beyond relief,
(Unless you smile — for smiles all ills can cure) ;
So don't you dare let sadness play the thief
And steal away your life so sweet and pure!
F. B. SANBORN
The Last of the Abolitionists
By Harold D. Carew
To the boys and girls of today,
who have read with delight the stories
of Hawthorne in their quaint, grip-
ping, inimitable style, or the poems
of Longfellow in their simplicity of
charm, or the stirring speeches of
Wendell Phillips against the injustice
of slavery; to those of us in maturer
years who have spent many pleasant
hours in delving into the inspiring
philosophy of Emerson, or studying
the somewhat obscure verses of Whit-
man,— to each one of us, indeed, at
some time in our lives, must have
come the almost irrepressible desire '
to have known these men.
Where is the imaginative, adven-
ture-loving schoolboy of the last
half century who has not read with
mingled amazement and admiration
the account of John Brown's ill-
starred assault at Harper's Ferry?
And where is the impulsive, romantic
schoolgirl who has not felt an over-
powering sense of gratitude to Louisa
Maj^ Alcott for having given us
"Little Women", — or has not pictured
to herself the ideally happy environ-
ment of Brook Farm in the early
50's, with such congenial associates
as Henry David Thoreau and Mar-
garet Fuller and George Ripley?
Of that brilliant circle of anti-
slavery agitators who played their
parts on the stage of our national
progress in the most memorable
drama of our country's history,
there is but one survivor — Franklin
[Portions of this article were published recently in
the Saturday supplement of a Boston newspaper as
a biographical sketch of Mr. Sanborn, while excerpts
of the interview here given appeared in another Boston
daily under the caption, "Sanborn's Views of Roose-
velt' at the time of the ex-President's announcement of
his presidential candidacy. I have combined the two
articles for the Granite MoNTHLY.-eliminating much
that would have no bearing on the subject as an his-
torical article, and amplifying the story of Sanborn's
connection with the abolition movement.
I have made no attempt to go into the details of the
events here recorded, nor have I written as thoroughly
as I hope to! do at a later day on my impressions o! im-
personality of the man. H. D. C.]
B. Sanborn, the last of the abolition-
ists.
In these days of commercialism,
when the whirlwind of business activ-
ity leaves but little time for a more
thoughtful consideration of the events
that stirred those men to action, we
are prone to forget them. History
has accredited them the honor, how-
ever, and their names are inscribed
on the escutcheon of American liberty.
Seldom indeed has the opportunity
been given a man of knowing on inti-
mate terms so many men and women
famous in the annals of history; and
today he lives, surrounded by the
memories of friendship, a connecting-
link, as it were, between the living
and the dead.
The writer visited the venerable
patriarch not long ago in his home
in the quiet little village of Concord — •
rich in literary lore of days gone by—
and found him as enthusiastic, after
eighty years of vigorous, eventful
life, as if he were beginning his career
all over again. We sat in his study-
he beside the fireplace, and I before
the smouldering embers on the hearth.
He was in a reminiscent mood, and
our chat was full of glittering gen-
eralities.
Though a writer of note and a
speaker whose services are constantly
in demand, very little is generally
known of his early life, or of the
service he rendered to the cause of
freedom.
Franklin B. Sanborn was born
December 15, 1831, at Hampton
Falls, New Hampshire. He attended
the common schools and the academy
of his native town, and early in the
fall of 1852 he matriculated at Har-
vard, where his literary tastes soon
won the recognition of the upper,
classmen, who asked him to submit
contributions to the college paper.
152
The Granite Monthly
A few weeks later there appeared
in its columns a review of Thoreau's
"Maine Woods," which had just been
published. One afternoon shortly
after, the poet-naturalist, having
learned the name of his favorable
critic, called and left with the young-
student , who was later to become his
biographer, an autographed copy of
the book; and there sprung from this
incident a friendship between the
two that lasted till Thoreau's death.
Sanborn soon became known as
an anti-slavery agitator, and his
many public utterances, as well as
his frequent contributions to William
Lloyd Garrison's paper, "The Liber-
ator," brought his name prominently
before the leaders of the movement
as a young man whose services were
needed.
The repeal of the Missouri Compro-
mise and the subsequent enactment
permitting the seizure of slaves only
served to accentuate the bitterness
of the North against the traffic in
human lives, and, perhaps, more than
any other event, prophesied the great
struggle into which the country was
precipitated less than ten years later.
During his first year at CDllege,
Sanborn formed the acquaintance of
Theodore Parker and Dr. Samuel G.
Howe, husband of Julia Ward Howe;
heard Thomas Wentworth Higginson
preach in his church in Newburyport,
and met Whittier at his home in
Amesbury, where many spirited dis-
cussions were held on the all-absorb-
ing question that was already
assuming gigantic proportions. In
1853, in company with Dr. Howe, he
heard Charles Sumner for the first
time in Faneuil Hall. Emerson, be-
cause of his expressed views, had been
ostracised from Harvard by a rigid
orthodox faculty; and in Sanborn,
who visited him in his home in Con-
cord, the philosopher took a keen
interest.
In the summer of 1854 occurred
one of the most pathetic incidents
of his life. He was called to the sick-
bed of MiSs Ariana Smith Walker,
of Peterborough, whom he met five
years before in the village church in
Hampton Falls, and to whom he had
paid court. Through her guiding
love and devotion he had planned his
course for the future, but the infinite
malice of destiny cut short her life
ere their dreams were realized. With
the certainty of approaching death,
they were married on August 24,
and a week later she expired in his
arms.
Under the staggering blow — his
first real sorrow — he returned to his
work and plunged still deeper into
the cause he had espoused. He re-
moved in March 1855 to Concord,
where he has since made his home;
and in the late spring of the following
year, as an agent of the Massachu-
setts State Kansas Committee, he
went to Kansas to determine a route
over which anti-slavery emigrarlts
might travel without molestation from
pro-slavery adherents, or "border
ruffians," as they were known.
Returning late in the summer he
became secretary of the society and
opened an office in the Niles Building
on School street in Boston. To this
office one cold day early in January,
1857, came John Brown with a letter
of introduction from a friend in
Springfield. During his stay in Mass-
achusetts he was entertained at San-
born's house in Concord, and on one
memorable night, of which Sanborn
has written at some length in his
biography of Brown, spoke in the
town hall to a large and enthusias-
tic audience, previous to his depart-
ture for Ossaw atomic
Truly these were stirring times!
Within three years Virginia had
wreaked her vengeance by sending
the old captain to the gallows, and
in a little more than five years the
troops, on their way to the front,
were singing: —
"John Brown's body lies amoulder-
ing in the grave,
But his soul is marching on!"
The rapid succession of events
necessitated immediate as well as
thoughtful action. Hostile eyes were
F. B. Sanborn
153
continually riveted on their move-
ments, and much adverse criticism
was brought to bear from quarters
generally supposed to be in sympathy
with the cause. The crisis of seces-
sion had not yet come, and the more
conservative members of Congress
from the Free States were inclined
to lean toward a satisfactory solution
of the problem through amicable
compromise.
But the abolitionists were not to
be swerved from their purpose, and
their forces were marshalled into
what became known as the "under-
ground railway," a system whereby
runaway slaves were aided in certain
towns in a direct route to Canada.
Sanborn's home was one of the
"stations," and many slaves found
and received the hospitality of the
gallant young defender of liberty.
When the news flashed through the
North that John Brown, after an
unsuccessful attempt to gain posses-
sion of Harper's Ferry, had been
taken prisoner and that letters of an
incriminating nature from several
men in Massachusetts had been found
on his person, Sanborn was conducting
a private school in Concord. He had
been corresponding with Brown prior
to this event, but for several weeks
the latter had not disclosed his move-
ments even to his most intimate
friends.
Senator Mason of Virginia immed-
iately demanded that a committee
of investigation be appointed in the
Senate, and Sanborn and Dr. Howe
were summonsed to appear before
that committee to tell what they knew
of the "conspiracy." Had they
obeyed the summons they would have
been taken on Virginia or Maryland
soil and spirited away to share a like
fate with the captain. But they
refused to obey, and warrants for
their arrest were forthwith sworn
out on charges of contempt. San-
born fled to Quebec, but returned
within a few days; again went to the
Canadian city, but came back finally
on advice of his counsel, John A.
Andrew, later the war governor of
Massachusetts, and threw himself on
his state rights.
No action having been taken in the
matter for over two months, Sanborn
concluded that the plan had been
abandoned; but on the evening of
April 3, 1860, shortly after nine
o'clock, as he sat reading in his study,
the door bell rang. Upon answering,
a young man passed him a note pur-
porting that the bearer was worthy of
charity, and he stepped back to read
it by the hall lamp. Looking up he
saw four men before him. One of
them placed his hand upon Sanborn's
shoulder, saying, "You are under
arrest."
"By what authority," he asked.
"By authority of the United States
Senate," came the reply.
Before he had fully recovered from
his surprise the men had snapped a
pair of handcuffs on to his wrists and
were preparing to take him bodily to
a hack waiting them in the road.
The clever ruse was frustrated. Bra-
cing his feet against the casements of
the door and the pillars of the portico
and again on the stone butments of
the fence, he impeded their progress;
and finally, as his captors were en-
deavoring to put him into the car-
riage feet first, he kicked in the door.
Sanborn's sister, who had retired
early, hearing the commotion in the
hall, set up a vociferous calling from
the side door, arousing the neighbors.
Within a few minutes the church
bells were ringing and dozens of men
and boys were hurrying to rescue
their townsman from his kidnappers,
who beat a hasty retreat off toward
Lexington.
During the war his service was as
fully conspicuous, and with its close
he retired to his home on the Concord
River to devote himself to his liter-
ary work. From 1867 to 1871 he
edited the Springfield Republican, and
for more than twenty-five years has
been a member of the Massachusetts
State Board of Charities. He has
held many other positions of honor
and trust, and has been a voluminous
writer on subjects covering a wide and
154
The Granite Monthly
varied field. He is the biographer
of John Brown, Henry David Thor-
eau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and his
old colleague, Samuel G. Howe.
"Recollections of Seventy Years,"
published three years ago, is a delight-
fully charming record of his life.
At eighty, his ideas of the spirit of
reform are as fully advanced as those
of the most ardent reformer of half his
years. His advancing years have
not been years of retrogression. He
has not lost any of the old time ardor
that characterized his earlier life, and
he enters into a discussion of the
topics of the day with a vigor and
effectiveness that are quite remarkable.
With the same spirit that led him
to fight for the freedom of the slave
he has been fighting ever since against
social and political conditions that
seem to him unjust. In the present
political insurgency of both parties
he traces the spirit that moved the
abolitionists to action.
Among other questions during my
visit I asked him: "Has the spirit
that actuated the abolitionists of
sixty years ago a relative value as
applied to present day reform?"
"There is no question," he an-
swered, "that presents itself with such
compelling force as did the question
of slavery; yet, in a broad sense,
the spirit that is urging progressive
ideas toward the betterment of eco-
nomic conditions may be said to be
identical with the spirit that infused
into the abolitionists a determination
of overthrowing the power that held
the negro in bondage.
"The slave-holders," he continued,
"attempted to govern the country
through the power of wealth, and that
is exactly what the capitalistic inter-
ests are endeavoring to do today. In
their eagerness to acquire prestige
and to set themselves up as a dicta-
torial dynasty, they brought about
a condition that foreshadowed their
downfall."
Fearless expression of conscientious
convictions is characteristic of the
man; his views are clearly defined
and his purpose unwavering. ' Speak-
ing at the celebration of the centennial
of Charles Sumner in Fanueil Hall,
in January, 1911, he deplored the
spirit of hate and deprecated, with a
stinging rebuke, the conspicuous ab-
sence of both Massachusetts senators
because of "petty political disap-
pointments of a vanished year."
There is something about the man
that is inspiring. It may be his
fearlessness, but, better still, his
readiness, to perceive that the dogmas
and theories of an earlier age do not
fit the needs of today, and his willing-
ness to look about for a remedy to
cope with the exigency.
"How must we go about it," I
concluded, "to overthrow the usurped
power of the courts and the tenets of
political corruption?"
"The initiative and referendum
still remain popular causes, and
through them the plain people will
eventually win."
And as the train rattled over the
tracks toward Boston in the gathering-
darkness, I thought to myself: Of
those men who were his companions
in the great struggle — Phillips, Gar-
rison, Higginson, Howe, Redpath,
Whittier, Beecher, — all have finished
their work, and he remains alone.
The true greatness of their work can-
not now be measured, but other times
and other men will pay glowing trib-
utes to their memory and place a fair
value on what they have given us.
And with the names of those he knew
and loved, the name of Sanborn will
shine resplendent as a vitalizing
power in the works of men.
LINES WRITTEN TO A BABY
By Maude Gordon Roby
0 Gilbert Lee
When you I see
The other babies look to me
Like fruit upon the chestnut tree;
Or tiny pebbles on the shore.
Or bargains in the ten-cent store.
In fact, I feel they are a bore
They are so common, nothing more.
But you, my own, sweet baby dear,
You stand alone without a peer
'Mongst all the babies. Think'st it queer?
Nay, love, to me tis very clear.
You're mother's baby — that is why
You are so dear and sweet and shy, —
So cuddle down and don't you cry;
You're God's own blessing from the sky.
And Gilbert, had you been a girl
With flowing hair each day to curl,
And dresses ruffled like a swirl,
Life would have seemed a maddening whirl.
So thank the Lord you are no toy,
For you have won Earth's greatest joy.
The only one without alloy —
'Tis this, vou have been born a BOY!
NIGHT WINDS
By L.J. H. Frost
Night winds now are sadly chanting
Requiems over time's decay;
Chanting dirges for the flowerets
That today have passed away: —
Flowers that, dying, left their fragrance
To embalm departing day.
Trembling star-beams now are gleaming-
Down upon the shadowy earth;
From behind night's sable curtain
Look they down on scenes of mirth;
Scenes of mirth and scenes of sadness.
Worthless hearts ami hearts of worth.
Shadows now are vigils keeping
O'er the valleys while they sleep;
And I feel their chilling presence
Gathering round me while I wee]): —
Weep I for the gentle voices
That are lost in memory's deep.
HON. WILLIAM H. MITCHELL
Courtesy of the Littleton Courier.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
HON. WILLIAM H. MITCHELL
William H. Mitchell, born in Wheelock,
Vt., September 18, 1856, died 'in Littleton,
N.IL, April 20, 1912.
Mr. Mitchell was one of the younger mem-
bers of that large and brilliant galaxy of
lawyers which the Green Mountain State
has contributed to the New Hampshire bar,
among whose names are those of Burke, Fos-
ter, Hibbard, Benton, Bingham, Wait, Ray
and many more conspicuous in the records
of our jurisprudence. He was the son of
John and Honora (Dougherty) Mitchell,
reared on a farm and educated in the common
schools, at Derby, Yt., Academy, and at the
Littleton High School, which he attended
for a time after his elder brother — John M.
had made his home in that town, coming for
the purpose of completing his preliminary
education and studying law in the office of
Hon. Harry Bingham with whom his brother
had just associated himself in practice.
Upon this study he entered in 1877, and was
admitted to the bar in Concord in 1880, and
soon after became a member of the firm of
Bingham, Mitchells & Batchellor, which con-
tinued until Mr. Bingham's death some
twelve vears ago, when the firm of Batchellor
& Mitchell was established, John M. Mitchell
having long previously removed to Concord.
This Latter firm continued until the summer
of 1911, when Mr. Batchellor, having be-
come almost totally blind and incapacitated
for active practice, retired, leaving to Mr.
Mitchell the burden of the large practice
which he had mainly carried for years, and
which had already impaired a constitution
never specially vigorous, so that when the
sudden attack of pneumonia, in its severest
form, came a few days before his death, there
was small chance for other than the fatal
result that ensued.
Mr. Mitchell's activities, however, had
by no means been confined to his extensive
legal practice, exacting as were its demand-.
He became a member of the Littleton Board
of Education in 1880, soon after removing
to the town, continuing for eighteen years.
For eight years he served as president of the
board, giving much time and attention to his
work, in appreciation of which the district
named one of its school buildings, completed
about the time of his retirement, the ''Mitch-
ell School." He was also for ten years a
trustee of the State Normal School at Plym-
outh. He represented his town in the legis-
lature, and the Grafton District in the State
Senate in the session of 1889-90, during which
he secured the passage of the free text-book bill ,
of which he was the author. He served as
Solicitor of Grafton County from 1889 to 1895
holding the office at the time of the murder,
at Hanover, in the summer of 1891, of Chris-
tie Warden by Frank C. Almy, the last and
most notorious New Hampshire murderer to
expiate his crime upon the gallows. It was
through rare personal courage on Mr. Mitch-
ell's part that Almy was taken alive, he being
present and superintending the work of
capture, as well as managing the subsequent
trial, resulting, naturally, in conviction.
For many years Mr. Mitchell was an at-
torney for the Boston & Maine Railroad,
devoting much attention to the interests of
the corporation in the northern part of the
state. Politically he was associated with the
Democratic party, and active in its affairs
in town, county and state, until the break-up
in 1890, after which, like many of his associ-
ates though less active, he was allied with the
Republicans. He was public spirited in the
highest degree, and prominent in various
movements and enterprises calculated to
promote the welfare of the community, in
which no man was held in higher esteem, or
enjoyed a wider circle of friendship. His
unostentatious charity, and kindly benefac-
tions to the needy and suffering will long be
remembered to his credit by many whom the
world knows not of. He was a good lawyer,
a loj'al citizen, a True friend, a kindly, lovable
man.
Mr. Mitchell leaves a widow, who was Miss
Delia Bingham, a daughter of the late Chief
Justice Edward F. Bingham of the Supreme
Court of the District of Columbia : one brother
Judge John M. Mitchell of the Superior Court,
and three sisters, — Mrs. Julia A. Donovan of
West Somerville, Mass.. Miss Abbie E.
Mitchell of Derby, Yt.. and Katherine C. of
Concord.
HON. STILSON HUTCHINS
Stilson Hut chins, born in Whitefield, N. H.,
November 14. 1838, died at Washington.
D. C, April 22. 1912.
He was the son of Stilson and Clara (Eaton)
Hut chins, descended from patriotic ancestry,
two great grandfathers, — Capt. Nathaniel
Hut chins and Capt. Nathaniel Eaton — being
soldiers of the Revolution. He was educated
in the public schools, at Hopkinton Academy,
then under direction of that noted educator,
Prof. Dyer H. Sanborn, and at the Dana
Preparatory School of Harvard University.
He commenced journalistic work on the
Boston Herahl, in 1855, but, in the following
year, removed with his parents to Iowa,
where he started a country new-paper, and,
later, became proprietor of the Dubuque
Herald, which he made the most vigorous
Democratic paper in that section of the coun-
try. In I860 he removed to St. Louis, where
he established the St. Louis Times, which he
published for a number of years with great
success, employing the services of writers of
ability and reputation, and gaining a wide
influence in the city and state. Meanwhile
158
The Granite Monthly
he was personally active in political affairs,
as a Democrat, and served with distinction
in the state legislature.
In 1877 he sold out in St. Louis and re-
moved to Washington D. C, where he estab-
lished the Washington Post, which soon
became a strong and influential paper, and
which he continued to publish until 1SS9,
when he sold the same to Frank Hat ton and
Beriah Wilkins. Meanwhile, in 1879, he
had renewed his interest in his native state,
taking a lease of Governor's Island in Lake
Winnipisiogee, which he occupied and im-
proved as a summer home, subsequently
purchasing the same. In the same year he
acquired control of the Manchester Daily
Union, transforming the same into a morning
paper — the first ever issued in the state. He
held control of the Union for three years,
when he disposed of his interest to Joseph C.
Moore, who had been his partner in the enter-
prise. Establishing his legal residence at
his summer home, then within the limits of
the City of Laconia, he entered actively into
the politics of the state, and served as a rep-
resentative in the legislature of 1885, when he
was actively instrumental in the passsage
of an act strengthening the law against cor-
ruption in elections, and also prominent in
other lines of legislative work.
In 1896 Mr. Hutchins purchased the Wash-
ington Times, which had been established
but a few years and met with little success,
but soon had it in flourishing condition, with
his eldest son, Walter Stilson, as managing
editor. This paper he sold, in 1902, to Frank
A. Munsey, by whom it is still published.
Asidefrom journalism and politics Mr. Hutch-
ins was extensively and successfully engaged in
various important business enterprises. He
became largely interested in the Mergen-
thaler linotype machine, soon after its inven-
tion, and it was through his energy and push
that it was introduced in Europe, and made
headway in this country. He realized that
there was a fortune in it, at the start and he
fully demonstrated the accuracy of his judg-
ment in succeeding years. He was an ex-
tensive real estate operator in Washington.
He built the Great Falls Electric Railway,
to Cabin John Bridge, and sold the same at
profit to the Washington Railway and Electric
Company. He was also largely interested
in railway and other enterprises in the South.
Mr. Hutchins was a forceful writer and a
ready and interesting speaker, with a ready
fund of wit and strong power of invective.
He formed many friendships, was public
spirited, generous and charitable. He was
three times married, and leaves two sons by
the first wife — Walter S., and Lee Hutchins.
A daughter, Clara — Mrs. Robert Fletcher
Rogers of New York — died in 1892, leaving
one child, a daughter, who graduates this
year, from Radcliffe College. An extended
biographical sketch of Mr. Hutchins will be
presented hereafter.
JOHN E. HENRY
John E. Henry, long known as the " Lumber
King" of Northern New Hampshire, died at
his home in the town of Lincoln, on Friday,
April 19, at the age of 81 years, lacking two
days.
He was a native of the town of Lyman,
one of six children of Joseph and Mary Cal-
houn Henry. His parents were poor and» he
had, early in life, to make his own way in the
world, commencing at the age of fifteen,
to drive a freight team between different
points which included Concord, Franklin,
Portland and Montpelier. This business he
continued for five years. At the age of 21
he began to buy small tracts of land, cutting
off the wood and timber and selling at a
profit, and thus continued, till he became the
largest land owner and most successful lum-
ber operator in the state, and finallly disposing
of his interest to his sons in 1908, since which
time he had been retired from active work.
He had long owned the entire township of
Lincoln, where his enormous lumber mills
were located, and large tracts of land outside,
including extensive holdings in Mexico.
Mr. Henry was married April 5, 1854,
to Eliza M. Ide of Waterford, Yt. Five
children were born to them, all of whom
with their mother, survive Mr. Henry.
They are Ida M., of Tintah, Minn., Hattie S.
of Minneapolis, Minn., George E. Henry of
Lincoln, John H. Henry of Pasadena, Cal.
and Charles B. Henry of Lincoln.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
The spring meeting of the New Hampshire
Board of Trade was held in the Probate Court
room in Exeter on Tuesday May 7, upon in-
vitation of the Exeter Board of Trade, a
business session being held at 11 a.m., and a
public meeting at 2 p.m. Olin H. Chase of
Newport, the new president, was present
and occupied the chair for the first time since
his election. At the morning session, the
following resolution, presented by the Secre-
tary, H. H. Met calf of Concord, was unani-
mously adopted:
Whereas the city of Boston is the metropolis
of New England, and whatever tends to pro-
mote its growth and prosperity, contributes
directly to the development and progress of
our own and all other New England states,
and
Whereas much has been said, written and
printed during the recent past concerning a
"bigger, better and busier Boston," and
Whereas the Boston Chamber of Commerce
and other organizations and agencies estab-
lished for the promotion of its welfare, as
well as the newspaper press of the city, have
long urged the adoption of various measures
calculated to promote its commercial pros-
perity and general business progress, through
the improvement of its harbor, the extension
of its docks; the prevention of railway monoply
and the increase of transportation facilities,
both local and transcontinental, be it hereby
Resolved by the New Hampshire Board of
Trade, that we earnestly recommend to the
Boston Chamber of Commerce, the munici-
pal government of the city, the Massachusetts
legislature, the legislatures of our own and
other New England States, and the Congress
of the United States, the prompt initiation
of measures providing for a great Interna-
tional Exposition or World's Fair in that city
during the year 1920, commemorative of the
three hundredth anniversary of the landing
of the Pilgrims at Plymouth — an event with-
out parallel in importance in the history of
our American development and the progress
of civilization and freedom throughout the
world. We believe that no project can be
conceived whose execution would contribute
more to the material progress, substantial
growth and permanent prosperity oftheNew
England metropolis than this, or whose
influence, immediate and continued, would
conduce more powerfully to the advantage
of all the New England States, and especially
our own, whose wonderful natural attrac-
tions and scenic beauties would command
the attention and the lasting admiration of
thousands of visitors from all parts of the
country and the world, heretofore unac-
quainted therewith; and we pledge our earnest
efforts, as a business organization, to the
furtherance of this project, so far as the
interest and cooperation of the people of
New Hampshire are concerned.
Another resolution, presented by E. E.
Reed of Manchester, was also unanimously
adopted, after some discussion, as follows:
"Resolved, That the New Hampshire Board
of Trade is in favor of granting authority
to the Southern Xew England Railroad Cor-
poration to build across this state so that the
transcontinental system of the Grand Trunk
Railway may be completed, and Xew Hamp-
shire share in the benefits which shall accrue
from this new force in the industrial develop-
ment of Xew England."
At the afternoon public meeting Mr. S.
Percy Hooker, the newly appointed State
Superintendent of Highways, discussed
''Road Making and Maintenance" and
Messrs. E. E. Reed of Manchester, and
Richard Pat tee of Plymouth spoke of the
coming Rockingham Fair, to be held at
Salem in August. The Board voted to
accept the invitation of the Salem Board of
Trade to hold its annual summer outing at
Rockingham Park in that town, at such time
as the executive board may determine, which
will probably be during the second week in
July, as public attention generally will be
centered upon the two great national political
conventions during the last half of June.
While the preferential vote taken in the
Republican caucuses in, this State (which
was decidedly light, by the way, when com-
pared with the- full strength of the party)
gave a considerable majority for Taft, over
Roosevelt; and while there seemed to be a
preponderance of sentiment for Champ Clark
in the Democratic State Convention, the
delegates of both parties will probably not
feel morally bound to support the candidates
indicated beyond the first ballot, unless the
strength developed therefor shall be suffi-
ciently great to warrant the presumption of
ultimate success. Up to this time there is
no certainty of a majority for any one of the
prominent candidates mentioned, in either
convention, although it may be said that Col.
Roosevelt has developed a strength with the
rank and file of his party which is more than
surprising to the average observer. Should
he succeed in capturing the nomination the
problem before the Democratic Convention
will be one whose solution will challenge
the best judgment and most considerate action
of that body.
The first Wednesday in June, which comes
on the fifth day of the month, is the day set
for the opening of the Constitutional Conven-
tion in Concord, and which will be the lasl
gathering of the kind in the state for many
years to come if that body discharges one
of its most important duties, ami submits
to the people for their acceptance a simpler
160
The Granite Monthly
and less expensive manner of amending the
Constitution than that now in vogue, which
it may do by a provision that the Legislature
may hereafter submit amendments to the
people direct, for their acceptance or rejection.
Scarcely anything has been said, as yet, in
reference to the organization of the Conven-
tion, and only two candidates for the presi-
dency of that body are now understood to
be in the field— Gen. Henry M. Baker of Bow
and Mr. Edwin F. Jones of Manchester;
Judge John M. Mitchell of Concord and ex-
Attorney General Eastman of Exeter, both
of whom have been mentioned declining
to enter the contest. Nor is it apparent thus
far that either Gen. Baker or Mr. Jones is
making any special effort for the honor, and
a friendly conference between delegates on
the evening previous to the opening session
will probably settle the matter. Thus far
the clerkship does not seem to be regarded
of sufficient importance to be sought for by
any lawyer or politician of rank or prestige
in either party.
Agitation is being fostered in favor of a
"short ballot," on the ground that the voters
do not, or cannot act with sufficient care and
consideration when using a ballot of " such
length as is now put in their hands in most
states, which is, in effect, an indictment of
the people's intelligence, or fitness for self-
government. The proposition is to lessen
the number of elective offices, and have more
of them filled by executive appointment.
Possibly some offices, of a merely clerical
nature, like those of register of deeds and of
probate, that are now elective, might safely
and properly be made appointive; but there
are quite a number of others whose incumbents
are appointed by the Governor or elected by
the legislature that should be chosen by the
people, so that, so far as this state is concerned,
we should have a longer rather than a shorter
ballot. To shorten the ballot is to take a
long step away from democracy, toward ab-
solutism ; and would be in direct antagonism
to the spirit of the age.
Railroad, thus shortening by a dozen miles
the route between the Capital and the south-
eastern section of the State; and at the same
time avoiding various sharp curves and heavy
grades. This improvement was solemnly
promised the people when the Henniker and
North Weare link was restored for the bene-
fit of Manchester; yet the promise remains
unfulfilled to the present day.
Glowing accounts have appeared in some
of the newspapers of late of proposed im-
provements on Mount Washington, including
a new scenic electrical railway to the summit,
and a fine hotel thereon the expense in-
volved aggregating $1,500,000. That such
improvements would considerably increase
the volume of travel to the summit , and there-
by increase the amount of money there
expended by tourists, some of which would
remain in the state, is not to be doubted;
but a project, which if carried out, would
vastly better satisfy a large number of people,
and far more benefit the state, on the whole,
while involving a small part of such expendi-
ture, would be the restoration of the Suncook
and Candia link of the Concord & Portsmouth
The several organizations advocating a
woman suffrage amendment to the constitu-
tion, will, doubtless, put the matter in charge
of a special joint committee for its proper
presentation to the convention, whose mem-
bership will include Mrs. Mary I. Wood of
Portsmouth, chairman of the Campaign Com-
mittee of the N.H. Woman Suffrage Associa-
tion, ' Mrs. Agnes M. Jenks, chairman of
the Concord Association's Campaign Commit-
tee, and Miss Mary N. Chase, president
of the New Hampshire Woman Suffrage
Association. The case for the suffragists will
be presented entirely by New Hampshire
people, and no outsider will come in, in that
interest, unless the anti-suffragists import
outside help, and it becomes necessary to resort
to similar aid in rebuttal. The question is
one that should properly be discussed before
the convention, or its committee, by New
Hampshire women, entirely.
"Wayside Garniture" is the title of a
charming volume of poems, of over 200 pages,
from the pen of Rev. Thomas H. Stacey,
D.D., pastor of the Curtis Memorial Free
Baptist Church of Concord. The seventy
poems included deal with a wide range of
subjects enbracing varied forms of nature
and phases of fife, and are aglow with the true
poetic spirit, clothed in choice and expressive
words. The volume, which is issued by
Sherman, French & Co., of Boston, in duo-
decimo form and handsome binding, will
form a valuable addition to the literature
of the state, and will be specially appreciated
by the author's wide circle of admirers at
home and abroad.
The annual meeting of the N. H. Feder-
ation of Women's Clubs was held this year
outside the limits of the state, the city of Bos-
ton being the meeting place, upon the invi-
tation of the society of "New Hampshire's
Daughters." Mrs. Etta F. Woodward of
Nashua was re-elected President of the Fed-
eration.
The next issue of the Granite Monthly
will be a double number, for June and July,
and will be largely devoted to the coming
Constitutional Convention.
HON. EDWIN F. JONES
President of the Constitutional Convention of 1912
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, Nos. 6&7 JUNE-JULY, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, Noh. o&7
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
XII
Hon. Edwin F. Jones
By H. C. Pearson
All the conventions which have
been held in this state to revise its
Constitution have chosen as their
respective presidents men who ranked
high among the leaders of New Hamp-
shire in their own day.
Beginning with the Convention of
1791-1792, which had as its presiding
officer Samuel Livermore, who had
been attorney general of the state,
member of the Colonial Congress and-
of the first national House, and who
was to be- thereafter for ten years
United States Senator, the list includes .
the names, in 1850-1851, of General
Franklin Pierce, who had been United
States Senator and who was to be
President of the United States; in
1876, of Daniel Clark, who had been
United States Senator for ten years
and was United States district judge;
in 1889, of Charles H. Bell, who had
been speaker of the House, president
of the Senate, governor of the state
and United States Senator; in 1902
of General Frank S. Streeter, now
holding the office of international
boundary commissioner; and, in 1912,
of Edwin F. Jones.
This distinguished list forms one
of the finest rolls of honor in our state
annals, and it was a very high com-
pliment which the Convention of 1912
paid to Edwin Frank Jones of Man-
chester when it gave him place in such
a line. Nor had all his predecessors
the same good fortune as Mr. Jones
to have their ability, merit and fitness
for the place so universally recognized
as to receive a unanimous and abso-
lutely unopposed election to the
presidency.
To assume so important an office
with the requirement that the high
expectations thus manifested should
be fulfilled was no light responsibility;
even though this manner of election
assured to the president thus chosen
the hearty support and co-operation
of all the delegates.
But all those who knew Mr. Jones
and were acquainted with the record
of his career, professional and in
public life, had entire confidence that
he would meet the test triumphantly,
as he did. In presiding over the
Convention he displayed an absolute
fairness to all interests and to every
delegate which won the esteem of all;
while his complete mastery of the
general rules of parliamentary pro-
cedure and of those applicable to this
particular gathering, coupled with his
legislative experience and his alert
and trained good sense, enabled him
to make prompt, clear and correct
rulings in every situation and to
guide, to expedite and to make
successful the work of the Convention.
Nor was it solely by his able occu-
pancy of the chair that President
Jones aided in the good work of the
162
The Granite Monthly
Convention. The early consideration
of several subjects in the committee
of the whole gave him an opportunity
which he improved to take part in
the proceedings on the floor and to
urge that line of action in regard to
taxation and some other questions of
importance which he felt sure the
people as a whole favored and the
results of which they would be most
likely to ratify. This he did without
imperilling in the least the dignity and
the impartiality of his official position.
On the contrary, the active partici-
pation in the affairs of the Convention,
which was thus possible to him, aided
him in enlisting the interest and labors
of all to secure action of value from a
Convention not unduly prolonged.
A brief biographical review of Mr.
Jones's life will show how his natural
gifts and bent and all his training and
experience combined to fit him for
this position, which crowned a career
just entering the mature fullness of
its possibilities for useful achievement.
Mr. Jones is of New Hampshire
stock on both father's and mother's
side, tracing his ancestry to one of
the first settlers at Dover Point in 1623.
He was born in Manchester, New
Hampshire, April 19, 1859, the son
of Fdwin R. Jones and Mary A. Farn-
ham, and always has resided in the
city of his nativity and early educa-
tion, a city which has appreciated and
honored him as a man, a citizen and a
public servant.
Fitting for college in the public
schools of Manchester, including its
excellent high school, he entered
Dartmouth College in the fall of 1876,
graduating in June, 1880, with the
degree of .Bachelor of Arts and attain-
ing such high rank in his studies as to
receive election to the honorary
fraternity of scholarship, Phi Beta
Kappa. His class of 1880, which
graduated 65 men, including the late
Congressmen Barrett of Massachusetts
and Foster of Vermont, and Judge
W. B. Fellows, also a member of the
Convention, was one of much promise
during its undergraduate days, which
has been amply fulfilled in the years
that have followed. Mr. Jones was
one of its leaders, not only in scholar-
ship, but also in all the manifold
activities of college life, and in the
more than thirty years during which
he has been an alumnus his love for
Dartmouth and devotion to the inter-
ests of the college never have flagged
or failed. He has served on important
committees of the general alumni
association and has been an active
member of his home alumni associa-
tion at Manchester.
Following his graduation from col-
lege, Mr. Jones took up the study of
law in the office of Judge David
Cross of Manchester, and on August
28, 1883, was admitted to practice
in the courts of this state. At first
he entered upon a legal partnership
in Manchester with William J. Cope-
land, Fsq., a connection which was
terminated by Mr. Copeland's death
in 1886. For sixteen years he prac-
tised alone and since 1902 he has been
a member of that Manchester law
firm which is best known — and very
widely and favorably known — as Burn-
ham,Brown, Jones <fe Warren, though
it has lost Mr. Burnham to the service
of the nation as United States Senator
and Mr. Brown to the service of the
state as the head of its tax commission.
The firm now consists of Mr. Jones,
George H. Warren, Allan M. Wilson
and Robert L. Manning, and the
firm style is Jones, Warren, Wilson &
Manning. Both Mr. Warren and
Mr. Wilson were members of the
late Constitutional Convention.
In another year Mr. Jones will
have completed three decades of the
practise of his profession in New
Hampshire, a period during which he
has had active connection with all
those branches of the law with which
a member of one of the largest and
busiest law firms within the common-
wealth naturally would be called upon
to deal. The argument of cases before
the jury and the counselling and
advising of corporation and other
clients in their business affairs have
Hon. Edwin F. Jones
163
constituted the larger part of his
work in recent years.
In his long years of success at the
bar the friends of Mr. Jones have
seen him manifest the same qualities
that made him so admirable a presi-
dent of the Constitutional Convention.
Prompt, alert and keen, his client
never loses an advantage through
negligence or delay on his part.
Yet Mr. Jones, the lawyer, never for-
gets nor dissociates himself from Mr.
Jones, the gentleman. Courtesy and
kindness are as much his weapons
before a jury as in the presence of the
justices of the higher court, and in
either place a wide and accurate
knowledge of the law and a clear,
direct and sensible interpretation and
application of its provisions to the
facts of the particular case add to his
equipment for practice.
Among the clients of Mr. Jones's
firm is the largest industrial establish-
ment in New Hampshire, the Amos-
keag Manufacturing Company <A
Manchester, and their choice for a
long term of years has fallen upon
Mr. Jones to represent them and to
protect their interests as counsel
before various committees of the
Legislature and various state commis-
sions at the Capitol in Concord.
Such a responsible and delicate posi-
tion demands much of him who
occupies it in the way of tact, per-
sonality and character, as well as of
professional equipment; and a high
compliment to Mr. Jones lies in the
fact that throughout this service he
not only has conserved most success-
fully the interests of his clients, but
at the same time has retained the
respect, esteem and confidence of the
legislators and the officials before
whom he has appeared, and of the
general public as well. He has also
for some years looked after the
interests of the Manchester Traction
Light & Power Company, which con-
trols the electric light and power and
street railway situation in Manchester
before the Legislature and commis-
sions. Insurance companies, banks
and other corporations are clients of
the firm, which also represents many
individual clients in court and advises
them in their manifold legal matters.
His election to the presidency of
the New Hampshire Bar Association
for the year 1908 gives most con-
vincing testimony as to his high
position in his profession and the
regard in which he is held by his legal
associates.
Very soon after he had attained his
majority and completed his college
course Mr. Jones entered upon a
career in politics and public life by
becoming a successful candidate for
the position of assistant clerk of the
New Hampshire House of Represen-
tatives at the legislative session of
1881. Despite his youth and inex-
perience his success in that place was
so instant and complete as to bring
about his promotion at the session of
1883 to the office of clerk of the House
and his re-election as clerk at the
session of 1885.
Here he gained that comprehensive
knowledge of legislative rules and
practice and cultivated that quick
perception and unfailing urbanity
which have been of such great service
to him throughout his career and
which he has most recently manifested
in the discharge of his duties as presi-
dent of the Constitutional Conven-
tion.
The young Dartmouth graduate,
coming down from Hanover with a
reputation as a scholar, was almost
at once pressed into service as a mem-
ber of the board of education of the
city of Manchester and in that posi-
tion he did valuable work for a number
of years. In other ways, too, his
home city honored and used him, for
in January, 1887, he was chosen city
solicitor and with each successive
municipal change of administration
was re-elected, for a period in all of
twelve years. He has been for fifteen
years a trustee of Pine Grove Cem-
etery, after six years trustee of the
City Library.
From 1887 to 1895 he held the
164 The Granite Monthly
office of treasurer of Hillsborough 21, 1887, to Nora F. Kennard of
county. In 1902 he was chosen a Manchester, the daughter of the late
delegate to the convention of that Hon. Joseph F. Kennard. Their
year to revise the constitution of the only child, Rebecca, died on October
state and was prominent in its 26, 1902.
deliberations, serving on the Standing Mr. Jones is a member of various
Committee on Future Mode of Amend- clubs and of the I. 0. 0. F. and other
ing the Constitution and other amend- fraternities, but it is his connection
ments, and presiding with acceptance with Masonry which is most promi-
in the committee of the whole. nent in this phase of his life. A mem-
But Mr. Jones's connection with ber of Washington Lodge, Mount
politics and public life has been more Horeb Chapter, Adoniram Council
active and influential than that of a and Trinity Commandery, K. T., all of
mere holder of office. In the very Manchester, he served as master of
year of his graduation from college his lodge in 1891, was appointed dis-
he made his debut as a stump speaker trict deputy grand master in the
in the warm campaign which elected grand lodge in 1896 and became
James A. Garfield President of the grand master of the grand lodge in
United States, and from that time 1910. He is also a member of the
forth his services as a political orator Scottish Rite bodies of the thirty-
were in constant demand. The cul- second degree and of the Shrine. ,
ruination, in one sense, of his career This is the life story of a son of
on this line came in 1900, when, as New Hampshire who made the state
presiding officer of the Republican of his nativity and education his home
State Convention, he delivered one of state as well, who has given her his
the best addresses ever given on such best as private citizen, professional
an occasion in New Hampshire. Fur- man and public servant, and who has
ther deserved recognition of his active reaped thereby a deserved harvest of
interest and unselfish labors for his material rewards and of honor and
party came in 1908 when he was distinction. To this record of one
chosen with United States Senator today in the very prime of life the
Gallinger, former Governor Jordan future is sure to add paragraphs telling
and Attorney General Eastman, as a of other appreciated achievements;
delegate-at-large from New Hamp- but as it stands in this brief chronicle
shire to the Republican National the record is one of hopeful inspira-
Convention at Chicago. He has been tion to the youth whose loving loyalty
the orator at many civic celebrations to New Hampshire bids him seek
and historical anniversaries. opportunities for life work here at
Mr. Jones was married December home.
THE LAST WICKET
By Maude Gordon Roby
Some day, when all Life's tasks are done,
And God writes "Finished" on our earthly breath,
With gladsome feet we'll to the wicket run
And kiss the outstretched hand of Death.
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
OF 1912
The present Constitution of the seventy-two separate propositions, the
State of New Hampshire was framed convention meanwhile adjourning
by a convention called by vote of from February 24 until May 30, fol-
the House of Representatives, March lowing.
28, 1781, and which assembled, first, Upon the re-assembling of the
on the fifth day of June of the same convention, on the designated date,
year. George Atkinson of Ports- it was found, upon canvassing the
mouth was chosen president of this votes, that forty-six of the propositions
convention and Jonathan M. Sewall, submitted had been adopted by the
secretary. Among the more promi- people and twenty-six rejected. It
nent members of this convention appeared, however, that some of the
were John Langdon, John Taylor amendments that had been accepted
Gilman, Timothy Walker, Jr., John so depended upon others that had
Dudley, John McClary, Joshua Win- been rejected that further amendment
gate and Ebenezer Webster. This was necessary in order to maintain
convention held three sessions consistency. Such needed amend-
and framed three different constitu- ments were prepared and sent out to
tions, which were successively sub- the people, with an explanatory ad-
mitted to the people, before one was dress, to be acted upon together, the
formally adopted. This was framed convention then adjourning from June
at a session held in June, 1783, sub- 5 till the first Wednesday in Septem-
mitted to the people, by them ap- ber, when, upon re-assembling, it was
proved, and established by the Con- found that the same had been rati-
vention at an adjourned session in fied and the Constitution, as finally
October following, to take effect on amended, was formally declared es-
the first Wednesday in June, 1784. tablished, and the convention ad-
Seven years later, in conformity journed.
with the provision of the Constitution Many and important changes had
itself, another convention, called by been effected, the alteration being so
the legislature and chosen by the great, indeed, that the Constitution
people, was held in Concord for the came to be spoken of as the "Con-
purpose of proposing amendments, stitution of 1792," although, as stated
said convention meeting September by Prof. J. F. Colby in his manual,
7, 1791, and organizing with Samuel from which this account is largely
Livermore of Portsmouth as president drawn, the term is a misnomer, the
and John Calfe of Hampstead as amendments, however numerous, in
secretary. After a session of nine no sense constituting a new Consti-
days, during which a large number tution.
of changes or amendments were The Constitution, as thus amended
proposed, a committee of ten was and established, remained unchanged
appointed to prepare and formulate for sixty years, although the people
amendments to be submitted to the had eight times, during that period,
people, and an adjournment was then voted upon the question of the expe-
taken till the second Wednesday in diency of amendment, their decision
February, 1792, upon which date the having been strongly in the negative
convention re-assembled, and the com- on each occasion. When the legis-
mittee submitted its report, which, lature of 1849, by act of July 7, again
with some amendments, was adopted submitted the question, however,
and submitted to the people to be the response of the people was em-
acted upon by them, in the form of phatically in the affirmative, the
166 The Granite Monthly
vote standing 28,877 in the affirmative submission of future amendments by
to 14,482 in the negative. A con- the legislature, barely failed, lacking
vention to propose and submit amend- but a few of the required two thirds
ments was accordingly called by the vote for acceptance,
next legislature, and met in Concord, From 1852 till 1877 the constitu-
on the first Wednesday in November tion remained without farther change,
following— November 6, 1850 — organ- no convention being called for the
ized with Franklin Pierce of Concord purpose of submitting amendments,
as president and Thomas J. Whipple although the question of the expe-
of Laconia, secretary. The character diency thereof was submitted at
and ability of the membership of this appropriate intervals, until the March
convention will be recognized when election in 1876, when the people
the list of committee chairmanships, voted it expedient to hold such con-
as follows, is considered: Bill of Rights, vention in response to the question
Ichabod Bartlett of Portsmouth; Exe- submitted by the legislature in July
cutive Department, Samuel Swasey preceding, the vote standing, yeas
of Haverhill; Legislative Department, 28,971; nays, 10,912. Delegates to
Charles G. Atherton of Nashville; this convention were chosen at the
Judicial Department, Levi Woodbury November election, following, and
of Portsmouth; Militia, John Wad- assembled at the state house Decem-
leigh of Meredith; Religious and ber 6, 1876, organizing with the choice
Property Test, William P. Weeks of of Hon. Daniel Clark of Manchester,
Canaan; Amendments to the Consti- Judge of the U. S. District Court, as
tution, George W. Nesmith of Frank- president, and Thomas J. Smith of
lin; Miscellaneous, Benning W. Jen- Dover as secretary,
ness of Strafford; Revising Business, The constitution was revised by the
James Bell of Gilford; Education, convention, in committee of the whole,
Levi W. Leonard of Dublin. section by section in consecutive order,
This Convention was in session till any amendment agreed upon as neces-
November 22, when it took a recess sary being sent to the appropriate
until December 3, and then continued standing committee, of which there
till January 3, 1851, when it adjourned were four, named by the president,
till April 16, having submitted a large and consisting of two members from
number of amendments involved in each county. These were: Commit-
fifteen questions all of which were tee on Bill of Rights, Executive
adversely acted upon by the people, Department and Religious Test, Sam-
being defeated by heavy majorities, uel M. Wheeler of Dover, Chairman;
After canvassing the returns, which Legislative Department, Harry Bing-
showed the failure of its work, the ham of Littleton, Chairman; Judi-
convention determined to resubmit ciary Department, Jonathan E.
three of its proposed amendments to Sargent of Concord, chairman; Fut-
the people, the same providing for the ure Amendments of the Constitution
abolition of the religious test, of and other miscellaneous matters, John
the property qualification, and for S. H. Frink of Greenland, chairman,
the submission of future amend- The convention was in session
ments by the legislature at two eleven days and the result of its delib-
successive sessions. Immediately fol- erations was the submission of thir-
lowing this action the convention ad- teen amendments to the constitution
journed sine die. By the vote of the of which eleven were adopted by the
people upon the amendments sub- people by the requisite two thirds
mitted, the second, abolishing the vote at the following election. Among
property qualification was adopted, the more important of these were
while the other two were defeated, those providing for biennial elections;
though the third, providing for the basing representation in the legisla-
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
167
tare upon population instead of rat-
able polls; increasing the membership
of the senate from twelve to twenty-
four; providing for the election of
registers of probate, sheriffs and solic-
itors by the people; abolishing the
religious test as a qualification for
office, changing the time for holding
elections from March to November,
and prohibiting the use of money
raised by taxation for the support of
schools or institutions of any religious
sect or denomination. The two pro-
posed amendments which the people
failed to adopt were one striking the
word ''Protestant" from the Bill of
Rights, which failed by a narrow mar-
gin, although the religious test for
office-holding was abolished, and one
prohibiting removal from office for
political reasons, which was defeated
by a still narrower margin.
The next constitutional convention
was held in 1889, opening January 2.
It had been declared expedient by a
very small majority, on a very light
vote, at the election in 1886, the vote
standing, yeas, 11,466; nays, 10,213,
and was called by the legislature of
1887, though scarcely warranted by
the vote given. It probably would not
have been called but for the very gen-
eral feeling that the time of the legis-
lative session should be changed from
summer to winter.
This convention organized by the
choice of Ex-Gov. Charles H. Bell of
Exeter as president and James R.
Jackson of Littleton as secretary.
Five standing committees were ap-
pointed, with chairmen as follows:
Committee on Bill of Rights and Ex-
ecutive Department, Isaac W. Smith
of Manchester, Chairman; Legisla-
tive Department, James F. Briggs of
Manchester, Chairman; Judicial De-
partment, Ellery A. Hibbard of
Laconia, Chairman. Future Mode of
Amending the Constitution and other
proposed amendments, William L.
Ladd of Lancaster, Chairman; Time and
Mode of Submitting to the People the
Amendment agreed upon, Charles A.
Dole of Lebanon, Chairman.
The convention was in session ten
days, adjourning January 12, and sub-
mitting seven amendments to the
people, of which five were adopted and
two rejected. Those adopted pro-
vided for a change in the date of open-
ing the session of the Legislature from
the first Wednesday in June to the
first Wednesday in January; provided
a fixed salary of $200 each for mem-
bers of both branches, in place of the
per diem compensation theretofore
prevailing; provided for filling vacan-
cies in the Senate resulting from death,
resignation, removal or any other
cause but failure of the people to
elect, by a new election; designated
the Speaker of the House of Repre-
sentatives as Acting Governor in case
of vacancies in the offices of Governor
and President of the Senate, and
changed the representation of small
towns having a population of less than
six hundred, from the classified to the
pro rata basis. The proposed amend-
ments rejected by the people were one
striking the word Protestant from the
Bill of Rights, and one prohibiting the
sale or manufacture of alcoholic or
intoxicating liquor, the first being
rejected by over five and the latter by
over ten thousand majority.
The Legislature of 1893 provided
for taking the sense of the people on
the expediency of holding another
convention, and at the next election,
by a vote of 13,681 yeas to 16,689
nays the people decided it not expe-
dient. The next legislature made
similar provision and the popular
response was 14,099 yeas to 19,831
nays. Again by the legislature of
1899 the same question was submitted
and was treated by the people with
such absolute indifference that less
than fourteen thousand votes, all told,
were cast, 10,571 being yeas and 3,287
nays. Nevertheless, a majority of
those voting favoring it, the next
legislature — that of 1901 — provided
for the choice, at the election in, No-
vember 1902, of delegates to a con-,
stitutional convention to be held in
Concord on the second day of Decern-
168
The Granite Monthly
COL. DANIEL HALL
Chairman Committee on Bill of Rights and Executive Department
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
169
ber following, at which time the dele-
gates-elect assembled and effected an
organization by the choice of Gen.
Frank S. Streeter of Concord as
"Chairman and Thomas H. Madigan,
Jr., as Secretary.
This convention was in session
seventeen days, the report of its pro-
ceedings, published in full, occupying
a volume of 950 pages, a single speech
by Mr. Everett of Nashua, in denun-
ciation of the Christian religion, filling
over thirty pages. The standing
committees^ announced on the third
day, consisting of twenty members
each, were headed as follows: Bill of
Rights and Executive Department,
Edgar Aldrich of Littleton; Legisla-
tive Department, David Cross of
Manchester; Judicial Department,
Isaac N. Blodgett of Franklin; Future
Mode of Amending the Constitution
and other proposed amendments,
Edwin G. Eastman of Exeter; Time
and Mode of Submitting Amend-
ments to the People, William E.
Chandler of Concord.
The deliberations of the convention
resulted in the submission of ten
amendments to the people. These
provided: (1) That every person, in
order to be a voter or eligible to office,
shall be able to read and write the
English language, with certain speci-
fied exceptions; (2) That officers of
the militia shall be examined and
found qualified by an examining
board before their appointment; (3)
The abolition of the provision that the
Commissary General shall be chosen
by the legislature; (4) Authority for
the imposition of franchise and inherit-
ance taxes by the legislature; (5)
Authority for police courts to try and
determine criminal cases where the
punishment is less than imprison-
ment in the state prison, (6) The elim-
ination of the word "Protestant"
from the Bill of Rights and otherwise
liberalizing its phraseology bearing
upon religion; (7) The enfranchise-
ment of women by striking out the
word "male" from the clause pro-
viding the voting qualification, (8)
Authority for the legislature to provide
against trusts and combinations in
restraint of trade; (9) That the basis
of representation in the Legislature
be a population of 800, instead of 600,
and that an additional 1600 instead
of 1200 be required for each additional
representative; (10) That the Legis-
lature be authorized to establish
more than one polling place in a town
or ward.
Of the proposed amendments the
first, second, fourth and eighth, re-
ceived the requisite two thirds vote
of the people, while all the rest failed
to command approval.
The question of expediency was
again submitted to the people by the
Legislature of 1909, and at the bien-
nial election the following year 23,105
voters voted in favor of calling a con-
vention to revise the Constitution
and 15,541 against the same, making
a total of 38,646 voters who expressed
themselves upon the question out of a
total of 84,107 who cast their votes
for Governor at the same election,
showing, as has usually been the case
when the question has been submitted,
a comparatively small interest in the
matter. Nevertheless the Legislature
of 1911 provided for the calling of a
convention to meet in Concord on the
first Wednesday in June, 1912, dele-
gates thereto be to chosen on the
second Tuesday of March, and appro-
priated $25,000 for the expense thereof.
The delegates chosen assembled in
Representatives Hall at the State
House, on the day designated, and
were called to order by Col. Daniel
Hall of Dover.
On motion of Mr. Whitcher of
Haverhill Judge John M. Mitche.l of
Concord was chosen temporary pre-
sident and was escorted to the chair
by Messrs. Eastman of Exeter and
Martin of Concord. Judge Mitchell
briefly expressed his thanks for the
honor, and proceeded with the order
of business, Harrie M. Young of Man-
chester being elected temporary clerk,
on motion of Mr. Preston of
Rochester.
170
The Granite Monthly
On motion of Judge Barton of New-
port a committee on Credentials, con-
sisting of two delegates from each
county, was appointed by the chair,
the membership named being as fol-
lows: Barton of Newport, Parker of
Lempster, Sanborn of Fremont,
Mitchell of Portsmouth, Meader of
Rochester, Sherry of Dover, Drake
of Laconia, Tilton of Tilton, Weeks
of Ossipee, Wentworth of Sandwich,
Clifford of Franklin, Fowler of
Pembroke, Keyes of Milford, Brod-
erick of Manchester, Blake of Fitz-
william, Howe of Hinsdale, Carter of
Lebanon, Bailey of Littleton, Bowker
of Whitefield, and Cleveland of Lan-
caster.
Mr. Madden of Keene presented
the petition of Patrick E. Griffin of
Walpole asking for a seat in the con-
vention in place of Daniel W. Connors
of the same town, and the same was
laid on the table, upon his motion, to
be referred to a committee to be ap-
pointed later.
The committee on Credentials sub-
mitted a report embodying a roll of
the convention, as prepared by the
secretary of State from the official
returns, as follows:
LIST OF DELEGATES
Rockingham County.
Atkinson, Charles I. Pressey.
Auburn, Edward C. Griffin.
Brentwood, John J. Knights.
Candia, George H. McDuffee.
Chester, Cyrus F. Marston.
Danville, Clarence M. Collins.
Deerfield, Jonathan H. Batchelder.
Derry, William H. Benson,
Frederick J. Shepard,
John E. Webster.
East Kingston, William D. Ingalls.
Epping, John Leddy.
Exeter, Henry W. Anderson,
Edwin G. Eastman,
Arthur O. Fuller,
John Scammon.
Fremont, Joseph B. Sanborn.
Greenland, Harrie A. Holmes.
Hampstead, Frank W. Emerson.
Hampton, Horace M. Lane.
Hampton Falls, George C. Healey.
Kensington, Stewart E. Rowe.
Kingston, Leonard W. Collins.
Londonderry, Rosecrans W. Pillsbury.
Newcastle, James W. Pridham.
Newfields, George E. Leighton.
Newington, Frederick Pickering.
Newmarket, Charles A. Morse,
George H. Willey.
Newton, John E. Hayford.
North Hampton, James R. Dow.
Northwood, William H. Towle.
Nottingham, Perley B. Batchelder.
Plaistow, Fred P. Hill.
Portsmouth, Ward 1, William T. Entwistle,
John August Hett.
Ward 2, Charles H. Batchelder,
Harry E. Boynton,
Frederick M. Sise.
Ward 3, John L. Mitchell,
William H. Moran.
Ward 4, Ernest L. Guptill.
Ward 5, Eugene B. Eastman.
Raymond, William G. Brown.
Rye, Albert H. Drake.
Salem, George C. Gordon,
Lester Wallace Hall.
Sandown, John W. Lovering.
Seabrook, Charles D. Foote.
South Hampton, Frank M. Jewell.
Stratham, George E. Gowen.
Windham, John E. Cochran.
Strafford County.
Barrington, Frank H. Clark.
Dover, Ward 1, Ernest B. Folsom,
Clarence I. Hurd.
Ward 2, John Main,
Herbert K. Otis,
George H. Sherry.
Ward 3, George G. Neal,
Arthur G. Whittemore.
Ward 4, Elisha R. Brown,
Alonzo Melvin Foss,
Daniel Hall.
Ward 5, John H. Wesley.
Durham, Albert DeMeritt,
Farmington, Ulysses S. Knox,
Charles W. T. Willson.
Lee, Louis H. Snell.
Madbury, Charles G. Sanders.
Middleton, William F. Hanson.
Milton, Fred B. Roberts.
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
171
New Durham, Zanello D. Berry.
Rochester, Ward 1, Albert L. Richards.
Ward 2, Frank B. Preston.
Ward 3, Walter S. Meader.
Ward 4, Aurelle Beaudoin,
Isidore P. Marcotte.
Ward 5, Orrin A. Hoyt.
Ward 6, Albert Wallace.
Rollinsford, Gardner Grant.
Somersworth, Ward 1, John N. Haines.
Ward 2, Fred H. Brown.
Ward 3, Louis P. Cote.
WTard 4, Michael P. Flanagan,
George Letourneau.
Ward 5. Treffle Leclerc.
Strafford, Woodbury W. Durgin.
Belknap County.
Alton,'Charles H. McDuffee.
Barnstead, Frank H. Moore.
Belmont, Edwin C. Bean.
Centre Harbor, Leonard B. Morrill.
Gilford, James R. Morrill.
Gilmanton, George C. Parsons.
Laconia, Ward 1, True E. Prescott.
Ward 2, Edward M. Richardson.
Ward 3, John T. Busiel.
Ward 4, Oscar L. Young.
Ward 5, William D. Veazey.
Ward 6, Benjamin F. Drake,
George H. Saltmarsh.
Meredith, Simeon M. Estes.
New Hampton, Herbert M. Thyng.
Sanbornton, Robert M. Wright.
Tilton, William B. Fellows,
Charles E. Tilton.
Carroll County.
Albany, James T. Povall.
Bartlett, Ralza E. Andrews.
Brookfield, George A. Wiggin.
Chatham, Hazen Chandler.
Conway, Holmes B. Fifield,
James L. Gibson,
Arthur R. Shirley.
Eaton, Henry H. Robertson.
Effingham, James L. Wormwood.
Freedom, George F. Huckins.
Hart's Location, Charles H. Morey.
Jackson, Nelson I. Trickey.
Madison, Edward E. Hoyt.
Moultonborough, James E. French.
Ossipee, Frank Weeks.
Sandwich, Paul Wentworth.
Tamworth, Edward S. Pollard.
Tuftonboro, Robert lamprey.
Wakefield, William W. Berry.
Wolfeboro, Sewall W. Abbott,
Frank P. Hobbs.
Merrimack County.
Allenstown, Charles H. Smith.
Andover, George W. Stone.
Boscawen, Willis G. Buxton.
Bow, Henry M. Baker.
Bradford, Everett Kittredge.
Canterbury, Henry L. Clough.
Chichester, John L. T. Shaw.
Concord, Ward 1, George E. Farrand,
John E. Marden.
Ward 2, Clarence I. Tibbetts.
Ward 3, Abijah Hollis.
Ward 4, Allen Hollis,
James O. Lyford,
John M. Mitchell.
Ward 5, Charles R. Corning,
Arthur P. Morrill.
Ward 6, Charles P. Bancroft,
Henry A. Kimball,
Nathaniel E. Martin.
Ward 7. William W. Flint,
Edward J. Hatch,
Frank P. Quimby.
Ward 8, Howard F. Hill.
Ward 9, Edward J. Gallagher,
John Hennebery.
Danbury, Harry G. Dean.
Dunbarton, Bradford Burnham.
Epsom, Warren Tripp.
Franklin, Ward 1, Rufus P. Gardner.
Ward 2, Charles H. Bean,
Frank E. Woodbury.
Ward 3, Thomas F. Clifford,
Seth W. Jones.
Henniker, Charles A. \\ 'ilkins.
Hill, Ellon S. Little.
Hooksett, Fred N. Mitchell.
Hopkinton, Arthur J. Bout well.
Loudon, Albert B. Sargent.
Newbury, Joseph A. Donigan.
New London, Justin O. Wellman.
Northfield, Edwin J. Young.
Pembroke, George W. Fowler,
Henry T. Fowler,
Joseph A. Rainville.
Pittsfield, Edward Everett Clark,
Nathaniel S. Drake.
172
The Granite Monthly
HON. JAMES O. LYFORD
Chairman Committee on Legislative Department
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
173
Salisbury, John Shaw.
Sutton, Milton B. Wadleigh.
Warner, Edward H. Carroll.
Webster, Harvey C. Sawyer.
Wilmot, Fred E. Goodhue.
Hillsborough County.
Amherst, Horace T. Harvell.
Antrim, Hiram W. Eldredge.
Bedford, George D. Soper.
Bennington, Arthur J. Pierce.
Brookline, Orville D. Fessenden.
Deering, Edwin F. Dutton.
Francestown, Edson H. Patch.
Goffstown, George P. Had ley,
Alvin P. Seeton.
Greenfield, Willis D. Hardy.
Greenville, Daniel J. Brown.
Hancock, Clarence H. Ware.
Hillsborough, Charles S. Flanders,
George W. Haslet.
Hollis, Daniel W. Hayden.
Hudson, Henry C. Brown.
Litchfield, Amos Saunders.
Lyndeborough, Walter S. Tarbell.
Manchester, Ward 1, Narcisse Richer,
James A. Savers,
Joseph Tait.
Ward 2, Charles B. Brown,
Elliot C. Lambert,
Jesse B. Pattee,
George H. Warren,
Allan M. Wilson.
Ward 3, John C. Crawford,
James O. Gagnon,
Edwin F. Jones,
Eugene G. Libbey,
Ludwig Lindquist,
Hobart Pillsbury.
Ward 4, John B. Cavanaugh,
Henry B. Fairbanks,
William G. Garmon,
George I. Haselton,
Frederick W. Shontell,
Harrie M. Young.
Ward 5, James A. Broderick,
Martin Connor,
William B. Eagan,
James G. Flynn,
Thomas F. Howe,
Peter J. Magan,
Patrick J. Ryan,
Thomas F. Sheehan.
Manchester, Ward 6, Joseph P. Chatel,
Joseph M. McDonough,
Almua \Y. Morse,
Robert I. Stevens.
Ward 7, Edward B. Woodbury.
Ward 8, Arthur J. Moquin,
Herman Rodelsperger,
Rudolph Schiller,
Charles C. Tinkham,
Henry J. VanVliet.
Ward 9, Theophile G. Biron,
Odilon Demers,
Francois X. Gagne,
Euclide F. Geoffrion,
Winfred D. Hebert,
Horace Martel,
Armelle Turcotte.
Ward 10, Joseph Chevrette,
John J. Connor,
John J. Donnelly,
Frank J. Leclerc.
Mason, Albert B. Eaton.
Merrimack, Everett E. Parker.
Milford, Arthur L. Keyes,
Clinton A. McLane,
Fred T. Wadleigh.
Mount Vernon, Frank J. Conner.
Nashua, Ward 1, Harry P. Greeley,
Charles J. Hamblett.
Ward 2, Charles O. Andrews,
Robert A. French.
Ward 3, James A. Gilmore,
John P. Lampron,
Frank Rancour.
Ward 4, Edward E. Parker.
Ward 5, Frederick J. Gaffney.
Ward 6, Edward H. Wason.
Ward 7, Thomas F. Moran,
Frederick D. Runnells,
Arthur K. Woodbury.
Ward 8, Horace H. Phaneuf,
John F. Shea,
Willard C. Tolles.
Ward 9, Frank B. Clancy,
Charles Dionne, Jr.,
Joseph Ducharme,
George Theriault.
New Boston, Samuel L. Marden.
New Ipswich, William E. Davis.
Pelham, Charles W. Hobbs.
Peterborough, Eben W. Jones.
Ezra M. Smith.
Sharon, George M. Smith.
Temple, Willie W. Colburn.
174
Weare, Byron L. Morse.
Wilton, George E. Bales.
Windsor, Joseph R. Nelson.
Cheshire County.
Alstead, John W. Prentiss.
Chesterfield, David W. Slade.
Dublin, Willard H. Pierce.
Fitzwilliam, Amos J. Blake.
Gilsum, Osmon H. Hubbard.
Harrisville, Thomas J. Winn.
Hinsdale, Gardner S. Howe.
Edalbert J. Temple.
Jaffrey, George H. Duncan,
Will J. Mower.
Keene, Ward 1, Orville E. Cain,
Charles M. Norwood.
Ward 2, Adolf W. Pressler,
Jerry P. Wellman.
Ward 3, Martin V. B. Clark,
Charles C. Sturtevant.
Ward 4, Robert E. Faulkner.
Ward 5, Joseph Madden.
Marlborough, Levi A. Fuller.
Marlow, Rockwell F. Craig.
Nelson, James E. Ruffle.
Richmond, Almon Twitchell.
Rindge, Charles W. Fletcher.
Roxbury, David B. Nims.
Stoddard, Henry E. Spalding.
Sullivan, Leslie H. Goodnow.
Surry, Hiram F. Newell.
Swanzey, George E. Whitcomb.
Troy, Melvin T. Stone.
Walpole, Daniel W. Connors,
Frank A. Spaulding.
Westmoreland, Elmer T. Nims.
Winchester, John P. Ball,
David O. Fisher.
Sullivan County.
Acworth, Guy S. Neal.
Charlestown, Oscar C. Young.
Claremont, Hartley L. Brooks,
Henry N. Hurd,
Emerson A. Quimby,
George P. Rossiter,
James Duncan Upham.
Cornish, Fenno B. Comings.
Croydon, Edgar W. Davis.
Goshen, Burk Booth.
Grantham, William H. Howard.
Langdon, Charles Winch.
The Granite Monthly
Lempster, Hiram Parker.
Newport, Jesse M. Barton,
John W. Johnson,
Ernest A. Robinson.
Plainfield, Charles A. Tracy.
Springfield, Carl B. Philbrick.
Sunapee, Murvin A. Bailey.
Unity, Charles A. Newton.
Washington, Melvin E. Hixson.
Graeton County.
Alexandria, Ned A. Mathews.
Ashland, Ellis G. Gammons.
Bath, John H. DeGross.
Benton, Lebina H. Parker.
Bethlehem, Fred D. Lewis.
Bridgewater, No choice.
Bristol, Henry C. Whipple.
Campton, Darius Moulton.
Canaan, Charles O. Barney.
Dorchester, Henry M. Merrill.
Easton, Charles A. Young.
Ellsworth, Vernie H. Avery.
Enfield, Thomas J. Carlton,
Eugene A. Wells.
Franconia, Henry Spooner.
Grafton, George S. Barney.
Groton, Charlie D. Jewell.
Hanover, Edward P. Storrs,
Frank A. Updike.
Haverhill, Edward M. Clark,
William E. Lawrence,
William F. Whitcher.
Hebron, Albert E. Moore.
Holderness, Robert P. Curry.
Landaff, Raymond B. Stevens.
Lebanon, William S. Carter,
William H. Hat ton,
Reuben C. True,
Thomas P. Waterman.
Lincoln, George E. Henry.
Lisbon, George Conrad Brummer,
Eri C. Oakes.
Littleton, James H. Bailey,
Richard T. Eastman,
George A. Veazie.
Livermore, No election.
Lyman, Arthur N. Shute.
Lyme, David A. Grant.
Monroe, Daniel R. Gilchrist.
Orange, Charles H. Ford.
Orford, Robert O. Carr.
Piermont, Samuel H. Ames.
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
175
Plymouth, Davis B. Keniston,
Frederick P. Weeks.
Rumney, Henry W. Herbert .
Thornton, Frank L. Hazeltine.
Warren, Frank C. Clement.
Waterville, Clarence H. Green.
Went worth, Calvin T. Shute.
Woodstock, George H. Green.
Coos County.
Berlin, Ward 1, Henry A. Smith,
Patrick J. Smyth,
John T. Stewart.
Ward 2, Herbert I. Goss,
John B. Noyes,
Edmund Sullivan.
Ward 3, Johannes J. Haarvei,
Robert B. Wolf.
Carroll, Edward N. Sheehe.
Clarksville, Willis A. Harriman.
Colebrook, Jason H. Dudley,
Thomas F. Johnson.
Columbia, Frank P. Lang.
Dalton, Henry F. Whitcomb.
Dummer, Adam W. Wight.
Errol, Arthur E. Bennett.
Gorham, Alfred R. Evans.
Jefferson, Don C. Clough.
Lancaster, Fred C. Cleaveland,
Irving W. Drew,
George F. Morris.
Milan, Frank M. Hancock.
Northumberland, Henry H. Hayes,
Judson A. Potter.
Pittsburg, George W. Baldwin.
Randolph, Arthur L. Watson.
Shelburne, James Simpson.
Stark, William T. Pike.
Stewart stown, Perley Knapp.
Stratford, John C. Pattee.
Whitefield, Mitchell H. Bowker.
Benjamin C. Garland.
Upon a call of the roll, moved by
Mr. Corning of Concord, 382 delegates
responded.
Upon motion of Mr. Eastman of
Exeter, Edwin F. Jones of Manchester
was elected President of the conven-
tion by acclamation and was escorted
to the chair by Messrs. Wason of
Nashua and Demerritt of Durham.
Upon assuming the honorable and
responsible position to which he had
been chosen Mr. Jones, being hap-
pily introduced by Judge Mitchell,
briefly but appropriately expressed
his thanks for the honor conferred
by his election, and his purpose to
perform his election, with a view,
primarily, to the expedition of the
business before the convention, be-
speaking at the same time the hearty
co-operation of the delegates and care
and deliberation in the performance of
the work in hand.
On motion of Mr. Lyford of Con-
cord the convention proceeded to the
election of a secretary, by ballot with
the following result :
Whole number of votes
Necessary to a choice
Harry F. Lake
Thomas H. Madigan
Allen Chester Clark
383
192
2
119
262
Mr. Clark, having a majority of the
votes cast, was declared elected and
took the oath of office.
On motion of Mr. Quimby of Con-
cord the chair was authorized to
appoint a committee of twenty to
nominate other necessary officers of
the convention.
A motion by Mr. Hobbs of Wolfe-
boro, that the Secretary of State be
instructed to procure daily, for the
Convention, 425 copies, each, of the
Concord Daily Monitor and Patriot
and Manchester Union, was laid on
the table, on motion of Mr. Clark of
Haverhill.
On motion of Mr. Wason of Nashua
the chair was authorized to report a
committee of ten to report rules and
regulations for the direction of the
Convention.
On motion of Mr. Madden of
Keene the petition of P. E. Griffin of
Walpole was taken from the table and
referred to a special committee to be
appointed by the chair.
The drawing of scats was made a
special order for 2:05 in the afternoon,
Messrs. Drake of Laconia and Van
Vliet of Manchester, having lost their
eyesight, being accorded the privilege
176
The Granite Monthly
EDWARD H. WASON
Chairman Committee on Rules
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
177
of selecting their seats in advance on
motion of Mr. Young of Laconia.
The president named the following
committees:
On Rules — Messrs. Wason of Nas-
hua, Fowler of Pembroke, Scammon
of Exeter, Hurd of Dover, Madden of
Keene, Dudley of Colebrook, Bailey
of Littleton, Bean of Belmont, Gibson
of Conway and Hurd of Claremont.
Nomination of Officers — Messrs.
Quimby of Concord, Clough of Can-
terbury, Barton of Newport, Newton
of Unity, Young of Laconia, Prescott
of Laconia, Anderson of Exeter,
Morse of Newmarket, Whittemore
of Dover, Brown of Somersworth,
Sullivan of Berlin, Evans of Gorham,
Oakes of Lisbon, Shute of Wentworth,
French of Moultonborough, Hobbs of
Wolfeboro, Warren of Manchester,
Tolles of Nashua, Cain of Keene
and Winn of Harris ville.
Walpole Contested Election— Messrs.
Fuller of Exeter, Stone of Andover,
Howe of Hinsdale, Haines of Som-
ersworth, Wentworth of Sandwich,
Veazey of Laconia, Broderick of
Manchester, Johnson of Newport,
Cleveland of Lancaster and Gilchrist
of Monroe.
On motion of Mr. Lyford of Con-
cord the hours of meeting wrere fixed'
for 10:30 a. m. and 2 o'clock, p.m., and,
at 12:50 the convention adjourned.
Immediately upon the reassembling
of the Convention in the afternoon the
Committee to nominate other neces-
sary officers and attaches of the Con-
vention reported as follows, the report
being accepted and the persons
named elected: — Assistant secretary,
Bernard W. Carey of Newport; ser-
geant-at-arms, Albert P. Davis, Con-
cord; chaplain, Rev. Charles C. Gar-
land, Concord; doorkeepers, John E.
Bartlett, Sandown, Oscar D. Bever-
stock, Keene, Charles A. Holden,
Rumney, George Goodhue, Concord;
warden of coat room, Eugene D.
Sanborn, Fremont, assistant, A. P.
Home, Laconia; official stenographer,
Miss Lizzie H. Sanborn, Laconia;
assistant, Ray E. Burkett, Concord.
Mr. Wason of Nashua, for the Com-
mittee on Rules, reported, substan-
tially, the rules governing the last
constitutional convention, which were
accepted and adopted, the same being
read by the assistant secretary. The
rules were ordered printed.
On motion of Mr. Whitcher of
Haverhill the Secretary of State was
requested to furnish the Convention
with 425 copies of Colby's Conven-
tion Manual of 1902.
The special order for the drawing
of seats was taken up and disposed of,
after which several amendments to
the Constitution were presented, all
of which were ordered printed.
Mr. Flint of Concord introduced an
amendment providing for one repre-
sentative in the Legislature for every
town in the state, three each for all
the cities but Manchester and for the
town of Claremont, and five for
Manchester; another providing for a
Senate of fifty members, and a third
providing that amendments hereafter
may be submitted by majority vote
of the two branches of the Legislature,
and ratified by the people by majority
vote, also that amendments submitted
conventions may be ratified by a
majority.
Mr. Duncan of Jaffrey introduced
an amendment providing for the Ini-
tiative and Referendum, and on his
motion the same was made a special
order for Wednesday, June 12, at 10.35
a. m., in Committee of the Whole,
where, under the rules, all proposed
amendments were given considera-
tion, such as were adopted for sub-
mission being sent to the appropriate
Committee to be put in proper form
for submission.
Mr. Fellows of Tilton presented
an amendment authorizing the assess-
ment of wild or forest land and money
at interest at special or reduced rates,
which also went to the Committee of
the Whole on his motion. He also
submitted another amendment, pro-
viding for a graded inheritance tax,
which was similarly referred.
Mr. Wason of Nashua offered an
178
The Granite Monthly
GEN. HENRY M. BAKER
Delegate-Elect from Bow. Died May 30, 1912
The Constitutional Convention of 191 .'
179
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RESOLUTION IN MEMORY OF GEN. HENRY M. BAKER
Reduced Fac Simile. Engrossed by E. L. Click
180
The Granite Monthly
amendment striking the word "male"
from Article 27, Part 2, of the Con-
stitution, thereby conferring upon the
women of the state the right of suf-
frage upon the same terms with men,
and the same was laid on the table on
his motion.
Mr. Crawford of Manchester offered
an amendment providing for the
elction of Secretary of State and
State Treasurer by the people, and
another providing for five-year terms
for police court justices, both of
which were laid on the table.
Mr. Lyford of Concord called
attention to the fact that, under the
rules, the time limit for the introduc-
tion of amendments would expire on
Tuesday following, — June 11, — and
then took occasion to announce the
death of Gen. Henry M. Baker, the
delegate-elect from the town of Bow,
offering the following resolution,
which was adopted:
"On the eve of the assembling of
this convention death has removed
one of its distinguished members. A
son of New Hampshire, the Honorable
Henry M. Baker of Bow was ardently
devoted to the interests of his native
state. As a member of the Legisla-
ture, a State Senator, a member of
the Constitutional Convention of 1902
and as a Congressman his public serv-
ice was patriotic and honorable. As
a citizen his life was helpful to his
fellow men, every worthy cause en-
listing his earnest support. Be it
therefore :
"Resolved, That we, the dele-
gates of New Hampshire in Conven-
tion assembled, hereby express the sor-
row of the state and the loss she has
sustained by the death of a son who
contributed his share to her fame in
the service he rendered both as a pub-
lic servant and as a private citizen,
and that we spread upon our records,
this, our testimonial to his memory."
On motion of Mr. Young of Man-
chester the Convention adjourned at
4.45 out of respect to the memory of
General Baker.
On the coming in of the Convention
on Thursday, June 6, prayer was of-
fered by the chaplain. The use of the
hall was granted for Tuesday evening,
June 11, to the New Hampshire Direct
Legislation League for a meeting for
discussion of the Initiative and Refer-
endum. Maurice Smith of Meredith,
John M. Shirley of Franklin and
Fred Rushlow of Concord were ap-
pointed pages by President Jones.
Amendments were presented and
referred, as follows:
By Mr. Cavanaugh of Manchester
providing for the establishment of
voting precincts by the Legislature and
providing for future amendments of
the Constitution through submission
by majority vote of two successive
Legislatures and ratification by the
people by a two-thirds vote.
By Mr. Morris of Lancaster giving
police courts jurisdiction in criminal
cases where the penalty is less than im-
prisonment in the state prison.
By Mr. Pillsbury of Manchester
providing for the reduction of the
membership of the House of Repre-
sentatives to 300, and establishing
the district system of representation.
By Mr. Newell of Surry making
the basis of representation in the
House 800 population instead of 600,
and 2000 the requisite number for
an additional representative, instead
of 1200, as now.
By Mr. Winch of Langdon giving
each town and ward one representa-
tive.
By Mr. Wadleigh of Milford pro-
viding for future amendments by
majority vote of the Legislature, rati-
fied by majority vote of the people.
By Mr. Blake of Fitzwilliam pro-
viding for a State Senate of 31
members.
The special committee to which
was referred the petition of Patrick
E. Griffin of Walpole, asking for the
seat in the Convention held by
Daniel W. Connors, reported, giving
the petitioner leave to withdraw, and
the same was adopted.
On motion of Mr. Lyford of Con-
cord the convention went into com-
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
181
mittee of the whole for consideration
of the taxation amendment proposed
by Mr. Fellows of Tilton, Mr. Wason
of Nashua being called to the chair.
The discussion was quite extended,
being participated in by Mr. Fellows,
who explained the amendment, Mr.
Davis of New Ipswich, Mr. Allen
Hollis of Concord, Mr. Wadleigh of
Milford, Mr. Duncan of Jaffrey, Mr.
Go>s of Berlin, Mr. Lyford of Concord,
Mr. Whitcher of Haverhill, Mr.
Stevens of Landaff, Mr. Carter of
Lebanon and others. Finally, on
motion of Mr. Crawford of Manches-
ter the committee rose and reported
progress.
Mr. Madden of Keene introduced
an amendment limiting the member-
ship of the House to 350 members,
each town and ward to elect one mem-
ber, and the remaining members to
be appointed by the Governor and
Council.
On motion of Mr. Cavanaugh of
Manchester the Convention again
went into committee of the whole to
consider his amendment in regard
to voting precincts, Mr. Eastman
of Exeter being called to the chair.
Mr. Cavanaugh explained the grounds
upon which the amendment was
offered, and after brief discussion in
which the amendment was favored by
several delegates the committee
voted to report favorably. Upon
rising such report was made, and the
amendment was referred by the Con-
vention to the committee on time and
mode of submitting amendments,
after which adjournment was taken
till afternoon.
At the afternoon session amend-
ments were presented and referred,
as follows :
By Mr. Hurd of Claremont chang-
ing the division of the state into
senatorial districts upon the basis
of population instead of taxation.
By Mr. Updike of Hanover pro-
viding for the appointment of county
solicitors and sheriffs by the Superior
Court; of registers of deeds and of
probate by the Governor and Council ;
a
the election of county commissioners
for six-year terms and the appoint-
ment of county treasurers by the com-
missioners— this being the much-
talked-of "short-ballot" proposition.
By Mr. Whittemore of Dover for
the appointment of county solicitors
by the judges of the Superior Court.
The Convention went into Commit-
tee of the Whole, with Mr. Hall of
Dover in the chair, to consider the
amendment of Mr. Fellows of Tilton
providing for a graded inheritance
tax, Mr. Fellows, Mr. Eastman of
Exeter, Mr. Lyford, Mr. Crawford
and Mr. Jones of Manchester. Mr.
Davis of New Ipswich and Mr. Barton
of Newport participating in the dis-
cussion.' Upon rising the Committee
reported the amendment favorably,
on motion of Mr. Barton of Newport,
and the Convention referred it for
submission, to the Committee on
Time and Mode.
Mr. Pattee of Manchester intro-
duced an amendment making 2400
population the basis for additional
representation in the House.
The Convention then resumed work
in Committee of the Whole, with Judge
Mitchell of Concord in the chair, to
consider amendments relating to the
State Senate. Messrs. Jones of Man-
chester, Hurd and Quimby of Clare-
mont, Morse of Newmarket, Barney
of Canaan and Lamprey of Tufton-
boro participated in the discussion,
and the Committee rose, on motion of
Mr. Wadleigh of Milford, reporting
progress.
Mr. Barton of Newport moved to
take from the table the amendment
relating to woman suffrage, but the
motion was lost, and the Convention
adjourned.
Upon the opening of the session
Friday morning there was a very
light attendance, as has been custom-
ary in the Legislature on Fridays.
Mr. Bean of Franklin offered an
amendment to the Bill of Rights
removing the limitation of time for
which pensions may be granted.
Mr. French of Nashua presented
182
The Granite Monthly
JUDGE JOHN M. MITCHELL
Chairman Committee on Judicial Department
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
183
one striking out the words "Protest-
ant" and "Evangelical" from the Bill
of Rights.
On motion of Mr. Wason of Nashua
the president was authorized to ap-
point a special committee on Woman
Suffrage, and special committees on
mileage and finance were author-
ized, on motion of Mr. Lambert of
Manchester.
The president announced the stand-
ing and special committees, as fol-
lows, after which adjournment was
taken till Tuesday, June 11:
THE COMMITTEES
On Bill of Rights and Executive Depart-
ment— Hall of Dover, Bales of Wilton,
Fuller of Exeter, Buxton of Boscawen, Mad-
den of Keene, Leddy of Epping, Gibson of
Conway, Saltmarsh of Laconia, Bancroft
of Concord, Blake of Fitzwilliam, Upham of
Claremont, Hadley of Goffstown, Clement of
Warren, Norwood of Keene, McDonough of
Manchester, Cavanaugh of Manchester, Pat-
tee of Manchester, Bowker of Whitefield,
Greeley of Nashua, Carroll of Warner.
On Legislative Department — Lyford of
Concord, Morris of Lancaster, Wason of
Nashua, Fellows of Tilton, Barton of Newport,
Whittemore of Dover, Martin of Concord,
Evans of Gorham, Scammon of Exeter, De-
merritt of Durham, Lambert of Manchester,
French of Moultonboro, G. W. Fowler of
Pembroke, Warren of Manchester, Cain of
Keene, Stevens of Landaff, Carter of Lebanon,
Wallace of Rochester, Mitchell of Portsmouth,
Fessenden of Brookline.
On Judicial Department — Mitchell of Con-
cord, Parker of Nashua, Hamblett of Nashua,
Abbott of Wolfeboro, Corning of Concord,
Folsom of Dover, Haines of Somerworth,
Veasey of Laconia, Faulkner of Keene, Fuller
of Marlborough, Hurd of Claremont, Batch-
elder of Portsmouth, Hall of Salem, Haselton
of Manchester, Smith of Peterboro, Crawford
of Manchester, Weeks of Ossipee, Sullivan of
Berlin, Oakes of Lisbon, Cleveland of
Lancaster.
On Future Mode of Amending the Con-
stitution and other proposed amendments
— Eastman of Exeter, Guptill of Portsmouth,
Bean of Belmont, Stone of Andover, Hurd of
Dover, Rowe of Kensington, Clifford of
Franklin, Young of Manchester, Dudley of
Colebrook, Goss of Berlin, Foss of Dover,
Craig of Marlow, Prescott of Laconia, Went-
worth of Sandwich, Runnellsof Nashua, New-
ton of Unity, Bailey of Littleton, Tripp of
Epsom, Entwistle of Portsmouth, Woodbury
of Manchester.
On Time and Mode of Submitting to the
People the Amendments agreed to by the Con-
vention— Pillsbury of Londonderry, Shute of
Wentworth, Abijah Hollis of Concord, Newell
of Surry. Johnson of Colebrook, Young of
Laconia, Wilson of Manchester, Allen Hollis
of Concord, Keyes of Milford, Brown of Som-
ersworth, Brooks of Claremont, Young of
Easton, Moran of Nashua, Pattee of Stratford,
Morse of Mewmarket, Lamprey of Tufton-
borough, Pressler of Keene, Shontell of Man-
chester, Rossiter of Claremont, Shaw of
Salisbury.
On Woman Suffrage — Whitcher of Haverhill
Wadleigh of Milford, Shepard of Derry,
Boutwell of Hopkinton, Stone of Troy, Hobbs
of Wolfeboro, Main of Dover, Morrill of Gil-
ford, Wight of Dummer, Wilkins of Henniker,
Parsons of Gilmanton, Tarbell of Lyndebor-
ough, Spaulding of Stoddard, Parker of Ben-
ton, Young of Charlestown, Pike of Stark,
Sanborn of Fremont, Hill of Concord, Barney
of Canaan, Donigan of Newbury.
On Finance — McLane of Milford, Towle of
Northwood, Neal of Dover, Shaw of Chiches-
ter, Farrand of Concord, Morrill of Concord,
Haslet of Hillsboro, Connor of Manchester,
Demersof Manchester, Schiller of Manchester.
On Mileage — Hayden of Hollis, Pierce of
Bennington, Wellman of New London, Patch
of Francestown, Clark of Haverhill, Wolfe of
Berlin, Roedelsperger of Manchester, Byron
of Manchester, Wesley of Dover, Chat el of
Manchester.
The Convention reassembled for
the second week on Tuesday, June
11, and it being the last day for the
presentation of amendments, under
the rules, a number were offered, in-
cluding the following:
By Mr. Quimby of Claremont pro-
viding for a State Senate of 40 mem-
bers, the basis being population.
By Mr. Newell of Surry providing
for the union of smaller towns for
choice of representatives.
184
The Granite Monthly
By Mr. Goss of Berlin for a House
of 200 members, chosen by districts,
and a Senate of 50, based on popula-
tion— salaries to be $500 each.
By Mr. Fowler of Pembroke, for
election of officers by plurality vote.
By Mr. Smith of Berlin for recall
of elective officers.
By Mr. Allen Hollis of Concord,
allowing county officers to be chosen
as the Legislature may direct, and one
allowing the Governor to veto single
items in appropriation bills.
By Mr. Young of Manchester
authorizing the Legislature to enact
betterment laws.
By Mr. Stevens of Landaff modify-
ing the articles relating to taxation.
By Mr. Hurd of Claremont pro-
viding for plurality elections; also
another making 800 population the
representative basis, and 1600 for
each additional member.
By Mr. Buxton of Boscawen for
election by plurality instead of major-
ity vote.
By Mr. Fellows of Tilton authoriz-
ing an income tax.
By Mr. Clement of Warren per-
mitting the Legislature to fix corpora-
tion salaries and dividends.
By Mr. Boynton of Portsmouth,
relating to the taxation of incomes
and intangibles; also one providing
for continuous boards of county
commissioners and authorizing the
same to appoint county treasurers.
On motion of Mr. Wason of Nashua
the woman suffrage amendment was
taken from the table and referred to
the special committee.
On motion of Mr. Lyford of Con-
cord the Convention went into Com-
mittee of the Whole to consider the
matter of representation, Mr. Scam-
mon of Exeter being called to the
chair.
Mr. Newell of Surry opened the
debate, in favor of the town system.
Messrs. Batchelder of Portsmouth,
Crawford of Manchester, Lamprey of
Tuftonboro and Morse of Newmarket
participated in the discussion. The
latter opposed any reduction of the
House or increase of the Senate, and
moved that all amendments looking
in such direction be reported unfa-
vorably. Mr. Rowe of Kensington
seconded the motion, which was lost.
The Committee then rose, reporting
progress.
Mr. Guptill of Portsmouth offered a
resolution upon the death of Frederick
Pickering, delegate-elect from New-
ington, which was adopted by the
Convention and adjournment taken
out of respect to the memory of the
deceased.
On reassembling in the afternoon,
the Convention resumed work in Com-
mittee of the Whole, Mr. Whittemore
of Dover in the chair, Mr. Duncan's
amendment providing for the initia-
tive and referendum being taken up.
Mr. Duncan spoke at length in sup-
port of the same, but finally withdrew
the portion relating to constitutional
amendment by this process.
A lengthy and spirited debate fol-
lowed. Messrs. Oakes of Lisbon and
Barton of Newport opposed the
amendment, and Davis of New Ips-
wich, Stevens of Landaff and Drake
of Pittsfield supported it. After con-
siderable parliamentary wrangling,
it was voted, 170 to 160, to report
the amendment unfavorably. The
Committee rose and so reported to-the
Convention.
Upon a motion to adopt the report
Mr. Duncan called for the yeas and
nays, which resulted: yeas, 177; nays,
157; and the report was adopted and
the amendment rejected.
The morning session extended till
after four o'clock p. m., and upon its
adjournment, the Convention was
called in order for the afternoon and
immediately adjourned till Thursday
morning.
Nearly the entire day, Thursday,
the 13th, was devoted to discussion in
Committee of the Whole, of the taxa-
tion question, Mr. Oakes of Lisbon in
the chair, the taxation of growing
timber or forest land, intangibles or
money at interest, and incomes being
the essential matters involved. Judge
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
185
Mitchell of Concord opened the dis-
cussion in a speech evincing compre-
hensive study of the subject in all its
bearings, and urging the necessity,
especially, of changes which shall allow
discrimination in these lines of taxa-
tion, and was followed by Mr. Lyford
of Concord, who has also given much
thought to this question, along the
same line. Messrs. Boynton of Ports-
mouth, Fuller of Exeter, Stevens of
Landaff, Jones of Manchester, Meader
of Rochester, Duncan of Jaffrey, Sul-
livan of Berlin, Smith of Peterboro,
Busiel of Laconia, Whitcomb of
Swanzey, Dean of Danbury, Hobbs of
Wolfeboro, Burnham of Dunbarton,
Rowe of Kensington, Allen Hollis of
Concord and Whitcher of Haverhill
and others were heard in the dis-
cussion. The matter remained undis-
posed of when the Committee rose at
4.50 p. m., reported progress, and
asked leave to sit again at 11.05 the
next Tuesday morning.
The Friday morning session, June
14, was not largely attended, but, in
Committee of the Whole, with Mr.
Cavanaugh of Manchester in the
chair, it was decided to report favor-
ably on the amendment offered by
Mr. French of Nashua, removing the
words " Protestant" and " Evangelical"
from the Bill of Rights. The Commit-
tee so reported and the Convention
adopted the report sending the
amendment to the appropriate Com-
mittee for perfection; after which
the Convention adjourned till Tues-
day, June 18.
At the morning session on Tuesday
the 18th, the Committee on Judicial
Department reported unfavorably the
proposed amendment limiting the
terms of police court justices, and
the report was adopted.
Mr. Dean of Danbury offered a
resolution, which was adopted, limit-
ing debate to ten-minute speeches.
The Convention went into Commit-
tee of the Whole to continue considera-
tion of the taxation question, with
Mr. Clifford of Franklin in the chair,
and Mr. Lyford of Concord, Fellows
of Tilton, Broderick of Manchester,
Stevens of Landaff, Hadley of Goffs-
town, Clement of Warren, Barton of
Newport, Smith of Peterboro and
Wolf of Berlin participated in the
discussion, which was animated and
earnest. At about 1 o'clock an hour's
recess was taken, with the under-
standing that a vote be taken at
2.45.
At 2 o'clock the Committee con-
tinued the discussion, Messrs. East-
man of Exeter, Stone of Andover,
Hobbs of Wolfeboro, Hollis of Con-
cord, Pillsbury of Londonderry, Went-
worth of Sandwich and Whittemore
of Dover being heard. The amend-
ment proposed by Mr. Stevens, prac-
tically leaving the Legislature free to
deal with the entire matter of taxation
at its discretion, was defeated, on
division, 95 to 231, and the proposi-
tion of Mr. Jones, authorizing special
rates on growing wood and timber,
money at interest and income from
intangibles wTas adopted, 223 to 33.
On motion of Mr. Jones of Manches-
ter the Committee rose and reported
to the Convention the various pro-
posed amendments, relating to taxa-
tion with the recommendation that
all be referred to the Committee on
Legislative Department with instruc-
tions to report an amendment per-
mitting the Legislature to classify
for taxation growing wood and timber,
and intangibles, and to provide for a
tax on the income from intangibles.
In Convention the report was accepted
and the recommendation adopted.
At the afternoon session the Con-
vention went into Committee of the
Whole to consider the question of
representation, Mr. Allen Hollis of
Concord in the chair. The discus-
sion was opened by Mr. Pillsbury of
Londonderry who favored the district
system and a House of 300 members.
Mr. Madden of Keene advocated
the town system.
After a long running debate, partici-
pated in by fifteen or twenty delegates
and the defeat of various motions,
a motion by Mr. Madden, providing
186
The Granite Monthly
HON. EDWIN G. EASTMAN
Chairman Committee on Future Mode of Amending the Constitution
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
187
for a House of 350 members, on
the town system basis, was adopted,
and the Committee rose, reporting
the same to the Convention, which
report was accepted and the matter
sent to the Committee on Legislative
Department, with instructions to
report an amendment to such effect.
In Convention Wednesday morning
prayer was offered by Rev. George
E. Leighton, delegate from Newfields,
in place of the chaplain.
The Committee on Woman Suf-
frage, upon whose work public inter-
est had been more strongly focused
than upon that of any other, and
which had given two largely attended
public hearings in the hall of the
House on Wednesday and Thursday
evenings previous, brought in a
divided report, the majority report,
signed by Mr. Donigan of Newbury
being unfavorable, and the minority,
signed by eight members, favorable.
Mr. Whitcher of Haverhill moved to
substitute the minority for the major-
ity report, and that the matter be
made a special order for Thursday
morning, wrhich was agreed to.
The Committee on Future Mode
of Amending the Constitution re-
ported unfavorably various amend-
ments referred to it in reference to
the election of county officers, and the
report was adopted.
The Committee on Legislative
Department presented a divided report
on an amendment, submitted by Mr.
Comings of Cornish, establishing the
initiative and referendum, somewhat
different in its character from that
previously disposed of. The major-
ity report was unfavorable. The
minority report, signed by Messrs.
Fessenden of Brookline and Stevens
of Landaff, favored the amendment.
Mr. Duncan of Jaffrey moved to sub-
stitute the minority for the majority
report, which motion was earnestly
supported by himself and Messrs.
Wolf of Berlin, Wellman of New
London, Dean of Danbury, Allen
Hollis of Concord, Hobbs of Wolfe-
boro, Drake of Pittsfield, Clement of
Warren and Davis of New Ipswich,
and opposed by Messrs. Lyford of
( 'oncord, Howe of Kensington, Mower
of Jaffrey, Whitcher of Haverhill,
Busiel of Laconia and Mitchell of
Concord. A recess was then taken
until afternoon, a vote to be taken
at 2.30.
Upon the reassembling of the Con-
vention the debate proceeded, Messrs.
Abbott of Wolfeboro, Smith of Peter-
boro and Barton of Newport oppos-
ing the motion, and Duncan of Jaffrey
and Stevens of Landaff supporting it.
The vote being taken the yeas and
nays were demanded by Mr. Lyford
of Concord, and the result was 133
yeas to 227 nays, the motion being
lost. The majority report was then
adopted.
The Committee on Legislative De-
partment reported favorably the
amendment extending the jurisdic-
tion of police court justices, and, after
brief discussion, the report was
adopted and the amendment referred
to the Committee on Time and Mode
of Submitting Amendments.
The same Committee reported un-
favorably upon the proposed amend-
ments providing for a betterment
law, and the report was adopted.
In Committee of the Whole, with
Mr. Hurd of Claremont in the chair,
the amendment providing for the
recall of elective officers was con-
sidered. On motion of Mr. Barton
of Newport the Committee rose and
reported "inexpedient," and the Con-
vention so voted.
The Convention went again into
committee, Mr. Warren of Man-
chester in the chair, for the considera-
tion of proposed amendments relating
to the Senate. After discussion by
several delegates, generally favoring
an increase of membership and change
to a population basis, it was voted,
on motion of Mr. Dean of Danbury,
to recommend to the Convention the
submission of the matter to the Com-
mittee on Legislative Department
with instruction to prepare and report
an amendment to such end. The
188
The Granite Monthly
ROSECRANS W. PILLSBURY
Chairman Committee on Time and Mode of Submitting the Amendments
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
189
Committee rose and reported, and
the Convention adopted the report.
On motion of Mr. Fowler of Pem-
broke all amendments bearing upon
plurality election were referred to the
Committee on Bill of Rights and
Executive Department, and on motion
of Mr. Hurd of Claremont those
relating to the Executive Council
were similarly referred.
In Committee of the Whole, Mr.
Broderick of Manchester in the chair,
the amendment proposed by Mr.
Clement of Warren, authorizing legis-
lative regulation of corporation salaries
and dividends was taken up, and Mr.
Clement vigorously supported his
amendment, as did Mr. Stone of
Andover, but, on motion of Mr.
Whitcher of Haverhill the Committee
rose, reporting unfavorably, and the
report was adopted.
On motion of Mr. Hurd of Clare-
mont the amendment relating to
election of State officers was referred
to the Committee on Executive
Department.
On motion of Mr. Dean of Danbury
it was voted that all committees be
instructed to report on all matters by
Friday at 11 o'clock.
On motion of Mr. Cavanaugh of
Manchester the proposed amend-
ment relating to election precincts
was recalled and rejected.
On Thursday morning, June 20,
the woman suffrage amendment was
the special order, in the Convention,
the question being on the substitution
of the minority for the majority
report. In anticipation of the de-
bate the gallery held the largest
attendance of the session.
Previous to taking up the special
order a report from the Committee on
Bill of Rights, presenting favorably,
in a new draft, the amendment cf Mr.
Updike of Hanover, providing for
the restoration of forfeited suffrage
rights, by the Supreme Court in
certain cases, was accepted and
adopted and the amendment referred
to the Committee on Time and
Mode.
The special order was taken up at
10.40, and the debate opened by
Mr. Whitcher, chairman of the special
Committee, in support of his motion
to substitute the minority report in
favor of suffrage. He was followed
by Mr. Donigan of Newbury in
opposition. Messrs. Bean of Bel-
mont, Lyford of Concord, Young of
Charlestown and Stevens of Landaff
supported, and Messrs. Mitchell and
Hill of Concord, Barney of Canaan
and Martin of Concord opposed the
motion, all speaking earnestly and
vigorously. Mr. Wason of Nashua,
who presented the amendment, closed
the debate, which was the most ani-
mated of the session, in support of
the motion and his amendment.
The motion was lost and the amend-
ment defeated by a yea and nay vote
of 149 to 208.
The Committee on Legislative De-
partment, in accordance with instruc-
tions, submitted an amendment on
taxation, to be inserted in Article 5,
Part II, as an addition to the taxation
clause therein as follows:
"But the said General Court shall
have full power and authority to spe-
cially assess, rate and tax growing
wood, timber and money at interest in-
cluding money in savings banks, and
to impose and levy taxes on incomes
from stock of foreign corporations and
money at interest except income from
money deposited in savings banks
in this state received by depositors
and it may graduate such taxes ac-
cording to the amount of the incomes
and may grant reasonable exemptions;
provided that if such taxes be levied
on incomes from stock and money at
interest no other taxes shall be levied
thereon against the owner or holder
thereof."
Mr. Lyford, chairman of the Com-
mittee, explained it^ action, and on his
motion the matter was made a special
order for the afternoon.
Upon the coming in of the Conven-
tion in the afternoon the vote making
the taxation question a special order
was rescinded, on Mr. Lyford's mo-
190
The Granite Monthly
WILLIAM F. WHITCHER
Chairman Special Committee on Woman Suffrage
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
191
tion, and the amendment recommitted
for further consideration.
A report from the Committee on
Bill of Rights, of "inexpedient" on
the amendment allowing the granting
of civil pensions for a longer time than
one year, was rejected, after dis-
cussion led by Mr. Folsom of Dover,
and the proposed amendment adopted
and referred to the Committee on
Time and Mode.
A favorable report from the same
Committee on the amendment con-
stituting the councillor districts on
a population basis, was accepted and
the amendment adopted, and simi-
larly referred.
The amendment providing for elec-
tion, by plurality vote, of Governor,
( 'ouiK'illors and Senators was similarly
reported and disposed of.
The Convention then went into
Committee of the Whole, Mr. Mad-
den of Keene in the chair, to consider
amendments relating to future mode
of amending the Constitution.
Mr. Wadleigh of Milford strongly
advocated the amendment presented
by Cavanaugh of Manchester, allow-
ing the calling of conventions as now,
but also permitting amendment
through submission by two succes-
sive legislatures and ratification by
the people by two-thirds vote. Mr.
Cavanaugh also supported his amend-
ment; by Mr. Eastman of Exeter
opposed, on the ground that it should
not be made easy to change the
organic law.
The Committee rose and reported
progress, and, in Convention, the
report of the Committee on Legisla-
tive Department on the taxation
question was presented again, and
considered, Chairman Lyford explain-
ing that it was unanimous except on
the point of exempting from the
income tax the income from stock in
domestic corporations.
Mr. Stevens of Landaff submitted
an amendment striking out this
exemption, which was defeated after
discussion, and, after further discus-
sion, the report was accepted and
the amendment adopted, on division,
211 to 16.
An amendment, from the same Com-
mittee, authorizing the General Court
to provide for a tax on the incomes of
corporations in lieu of a direct tax
on their property was made a special
order for Friday morning.
The Committee on Bill of Bights
reported "inexpedient" on the amend-
ments abolishing the Executive Coun-
cil and the report was adopted.
It was voted, on motion of Mr.
Lambert of Manchester, to bring the
Convention to a close Saturday at
11 a. m.
Mr. Hayden of Hollis, chairman
of the Committee on Mileage, re-
ported that in the opinion of the
Attorney General delegates were en-
titled to no mileage beyond the regu-
lar transportation provided by the
state.
Upon the opening of Friday morn-
ing's session, Messrs. Young of Man-
chester, French of Nashua, Young
of Northfield, Gaffney of Nashua and
Veazie of Littleton were appointed a
special Committee on Journal of the
Convention.
Notice was given of a proposed
social organization of delegates not
over 35 years of age.
The Committee on Legislative De-
partment reported "inexpedient" on
seven distinct amendments, mostly
relating to taxation.
On motion of Mr. Lyford, the
amendment relating to classification
of property for taxation, was recalled
from the Committee on Time and
Mode, and again referred to the Com-
mittee on Legislative Department.
The special order — the amendment
authorizing a tax on corporation
incomes — was taken up and discussed
at length, Messrs. Whitcher of Haver-
hill, Stevens of Landaff, Fuller of
Exeter, Barton of Newport, Martin
of Concord, Dean of Danbury, Pills-
bury of Londonderry, Sullivan of
Berlin, Stone of Andover, Mitchell of
Concord, Johnson of Colebrook, Brod-
erick of Manchester and Allen Hollis
192
The Granite Monthly
of Concord participating. An amend-
ment offered by Stevens of Lan-
daff, including "voluntary associations
doing a public service business,"
intended to embrace express com-
panies, was adopted, and the com-
mittee amendment then agreed to,
and referred to the Committee on
Time and Mode.
In Committee of the Whole, with
George W. Fowler of Pembroke in
change. Mr. Whitcher of Haverhill
favored the proposition on the ground
that it would insure more thorough
consideration of proposed amend-
ments and make it more difficult
instead of easier to effect amendments.
Mr. Lyford of Concord favored the re-
tention of the present system. The com-
mittee rose and reported inexpedient
to amend the Constitution in this
regard, and the report was accepted.
James E. French
the chair, the matter of future amend-
ment of the Constitution was con-
sidered. Messrs. Newell of Surry
and Jones of Manchester argued
against the adoption of a readier
method than now prevails. Mr. Up-
dike of Hanover spoke earnestly and
at some length in favor of a more
progressive and elastic method, in
keeping with the spirit of the times.
Mr. Young of Laconia opposed any
Several Committee reports of "inex-
pedient" were received and adopted,
and the Finance Committee reported
a pay-roll amounting to $22,302,
with $1000 added for incidental
expenses.
The Convention then adjourned till
3 o'clock, to give the Committee on
Legislative Department time to com-
plete its work.
The Convention, on coming in, in
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
193
the afternoon, received from the
Committee on Legislative Depart-
ment, the amendment in regard to
taxation, revised as ordered, to cover
express companies, and adopted the
same.
From the same Committee were
received majority and minority re-
ports on the amendments relating to
membership in the Senate and House.
The first provided for a Senate of 36
members, with a House based on a
population of 600 for the first repre-
sentative and 1800 for each addi-
tional; the second the same except
requiring 2400 instead of 1800 for
each additional member. Messrs.
Barton of Newport, Whittemore of
Dover, Wason of Nashua and Fes-
senden of Brookline joined in the
minority report, which Mr. Barton
moved be substituted for the mi-
nority.
After considerable debate, the mi-
nority report was amended by strik-
ing out all reference to the Senate,
and then, after further debate, de-
feated—120 to 142. The majority
report, both as to House and Senate,
was then adopted.
Various proposed amendments re-
lating to representation, practically
disposed of by the action thus taken,
were reported "inexpedient" by the
committee.
Mr. Lyford of Concord took the
chair, and, on motion of Judge Mitch-
ell, accompanied by appropriate
words of commendation, seconded by
Messrs. Wason of Nashua, Whitcher
of Haverhill, Duncan of Jaffrey and
Hadley of Goffstown, the thanks of
the Convention were tendered Presi-
dent Jones for his able and impartial
service as presiding officer, to which
he fittingly responded, taking occa-
sion to refer to the character and
importance of the work accomplished.
Adjournment was then taken to
Saturday morning for the final ses-
sion, upon the opening of which
Acting Governor Swart and the Exe-
cutive Council were present.
The Committee on Time and Mode
submitted a resolution, which was
adopted, providing that the twelve
proposed amendments agreed to by
the Convention, the substance of which
is indicated in the following questions
drawn by the Committee, be submitted
to the people on the official ballot,
at the biennial election in November
next:
THE QUESTIONS.
1. Do you approve of increasing the Senate
to thirty-six members, and dividing the state
into senatorial districts on the basis of popu-
lation;— as proposed in the amendment to
the Constitution?
2. Do you approve of amending the pro-
vision as to representatives in the House of
Representatives by making 600 inhabitants
necessary to the election of one representa-
tive, and 2,403 inhabitants necessary for two
representatives, and 1,800 inhabitants neces-
sary for each additional representative; with
the proviso that a town, ward or place having
less than 600 inhabitants may send a repre-
sentative a proportionate part of the time;
or that such towns, wards and places when
contiguous may unite to elect a representative
if each town so decides by major vote; — as
proposed in the amendment to the Constitu-
tion?
3. Do you approve of providing that taxes
assessed upon the passing of property by will
or inheritance or in contemplation of death
may be graded and rated in accordance with
the amount of property passing, and reason-
able exemptions made; — as proposed in the
amendment to the Constitution, and with the
degree of relationship between the beneficiary
and with the person from whom it passes'.'
i. Do you approve of empowering the Leg-
islature to specially assess, rate and tax grow-
ing wood and timber and money at interest,
including money in savings banks, and to
impose and levy taxes on incomes from stock
of foreign corporations and foreign voluntary
associations and money at interest, except
incomes from money deposited in savings
banks in this state received by the depositors
and to graduate such taxes according to the
amount of the income, and to grant reason-
able exemptions, with the provision that if
such taxes be levied on incomes from stock
and money at interest no other taxes shall be
levied thereon against the owner or holder
thereof; — as proposed in the amendment to
the Constitution?
5. Do you approve of empowering the Leg-
islature to impose a tax upon the incomes of
public service corporations and voluntary
associations, in lieu of a direct tax upon their
property; — as proposed in the amendment to
the Constitution?
6. Do you approve of giving the governor
authority to approve or disapprove any sepa-
194
The Granite Monthly
rate appropriation contained in any bill or
resolution; — as proposed in the amendment
to the Constitution?
7. Do you approve of the requirement that
the Legislature, in dividing the state into coun-
cilor districts, shall be governed by the
population; — as proposed in the amendment
to the Constitution?
8. Do you approve of amending the bill of
rights by striking out the words "rights-
grounded on evangelical principles" after the
words "as morality and piety," and striking
out the word "Protestant" before the words
11. Do you approve of amending the bill
of rights by striking out the provision that
pensions shall not be granted for more than
one year at a time ; — as proposed in the amend-
ment to the Constitution?
12. Do you approve of empowering the
Legislature to give police courts jurisdiction
to try and determine, subject to the right of
appeal and trial by jury, criminal causes
wherein the punishment is less than imprison-
ment in the state prison; — as proposed in the
amendment to the Constitution?
Ezra M. Smith
'teachers of piety, religion and morality";
— as proposed in the amendment to the Con-
stitution?
9. Do you approve of providing that no
person shall have the right to vote, or be
eligible for office, who shall have been con-
victed of treason, bribery, or wilful violation
of election laws, with the right to the supreme
court to restore such privileges; — as proposed
in the amendment to the Constitution?
10. Do you approve of having the governor,
councilors, and senators, elected by plurality
instead of majority votes; — as proposed in
the amendment to the Constitution?
On motion of Judge Mitchell,
accompanied by an eloquent tribute,
the thanks of the Convention were
extended to Chaplain Garland.
Thanks were also voted to the other
officials and the press representatives.
An elegant cut-glass punch bowl
was presented to the president, in
behalf of the delegates, by Mr. Leigh-
ton of Newfield, as a token of regard,
and after fitting response, the Con-
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
195
vent ion adjourned, subject to the call
of the president, or in the event of
his death, at the call of the Governor
of the state, as had previously been
voted on motion of Mr. Rowe of
Kensington.
It is too much to say that the Con-
stitutional Convention of 1912, in
the outcome of its work met the popu-
lar demand or expectation. There
was, indeed, no popular demand for
the convention itself, or for anything
at its hands after it had been called.
Little more than one fourth of the
people voted it expedient to hold it,
and, on account of the political ex-
citement prevailing, a smaller pro-
portion took interest in its work, as
it progressed. Whether that work
will be finally approved, in whole or
in part, remains to be seen. True it
is, nevertheless, that so far as any
real interest was manifested, the con-
vention failed to meet the require-
ments of the situation. If there was
any popular demand for anything at
all at the hands of the people, or any
part of them, it was that amendments
should be submitted providing for
woman suffrage and the initiative and
referendum. There had been organ-
ized and active agitation in fact in
reference to both, and nothing of the
kind in reference to the subject mat-
ter of any one of the amendments
actually submitted. This is not say-
ing that a majority of the people
favored either of these propositions,
or that a majority will not be found
favoring some of the amendments
submitted, several of which have a
measure of merit. The truth simply
is that public sentiment had little
to do with the holding of the conven-
tion or its work.
It is true that there has long been a
general feeling that the membership
of the House of Representatives is
too large, but there has never been a
time when the various constituencies
of the state would actually approve
any plan which would materially
reduce their own representation. The
plan now submitted provides but
slight reduction, and there is no
large measure of hope that even this
will be approved.
Men who have studied the subject
have long been convinced that some
modification and improvement of the
existing taxation system, not possible
under the constitution as it stands,
is demanded, and the amendments
proposed, bearing upon this subject,
if adopted, will render it possible to
meet the demand.
The increase of membership in the
Senate, provided for in the first
amendment submitted, is probably
desirable, but will doubtless be op-
posed by the corporate and monied
interests, as will the even more desir-
able provision that the Senate dis-
tricts shall be based on population
rather than property valuation. It
is also desirable that a plurality vote
shall elect all officers, the majority
requirement often working great
inconvenience and absolute injustice.
The amendments providing for these
changes strongly commend themselves
to public approval. All the others
submitted, though well enough in
themselves, are comparatively incon-
sequential.
In the personnel and character of its
membership the convention com-
pared favorably with any of its pre-
decessors, if the men of the present
generation, on the whole, compare
favorably with those of the past.
There was certainly a good represen-
tation of the ablest men in the state,
of both conservative and progressive
tendencies, included in the member-
ship, and it is manifest from both a
study of the roll, and consideration
of the work accomplished, that the
former class predominated, whether
to the advantage of the state or not
depends entirely upon the individual
viewpoint.
A large proportion of the delegates
has seen service in the House of
Representatives for one or more terms.
Twenty had served in the State
Senate, and forty-eight had been
196
The Granite Monthly
members of a previous convention —
six of two conventions.
The City of Concord was repre-
sented in the Convention by an es-
pecially strong delegation, nearly
all being men of recognized ability,
while five at least held position in the
front rank, these being Judge John
M. Mitchell, Naval Officer James 0.
Lyford, and Allen Hollis of Ward 4,
Judge Charles R. Corning of Ward 5,
ernor, an extended biographical sketch
of whom appeared in the Granite
Monthly for May, 1907, was,
most appropriately made Chairman
of the Committee on the Judiciary
Department, but by no means con-
fined his attention, to matters coming
before his Committee. A genuine
conservative, he sought to conserve
the welfare of the state in all lines,
was particularly interested and active
Frank P. Hobbs
and Ex-Mayor Nathaniel E. Martin
of Ward 6.
Judge Mitchell, a member of the
Superior Court bench, where he is
rendering most efficient service, a
former member of the House and a
prominent delegate in tne Convention
of 1902, who has also served as
county solicitor and railroad commis-
sioner, and who is now strongly urged
as a Democratic candidate for Cov-
in the consideration of taxation mat-
ters, and was heard with effect in
many of the debates.
Mr. Lyford was chairman of the
Committee on Legislative Depart-
ment, for which position he was ad-
mirably equipped through active
service in the House, where he had
originated more constructive legisla-
tion than any other man of his time,
and in two previous conventions—
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
197
those of 1876, when he was a delegate
from the town of Canterbury, and 1902.
Influential alike in committee and in
debate, he proved himself, as the
Concord Monitor remarks, "the most
efficient floor leader New Hampshire
Legislatures and Conventions ever
have seen." He was interested in all
questions arising, and was heard with
interest in all important debates.
Though ordinarily classed as a con-
servative, he heartily supported the
defeated woman suffrage amendment,
having long been a supporter of that
cause.
Col. Daniel Hall of Dover, one of
the oldest and best known members
of the Convention, who called to
order preliminary to the temporary
organization, was made chairman of
the Committee on Bill of Rights and
Executive Department, and, though
taking no active part in debate on
the floor, rendered excellent service
in directing the work of this important
committee. Col. Hall, whose bio-
graphical record appeared in the
Granite Monthly of November
last, although taking little part in
political life, ranks high as a publicist,
and a thorough student of historical
and political affairs, and his knowledge
and judgment proved highly val-
uable.
Hon. Edwin G. Eastman of Exeter,
who was assigned to the chairman-
ship of the Committee on Future
Mode of Amending the Constitution,
and other proposed amendments,
came to the convention well equipped
for service by long experience in
public affairs and professional serv-
ice, having been a member of the
House and Senate, and of the Con-
vention of 1902, in which he held
the same position as in this, and hav-
ing served many years as the chief
law officer of the state. A strong and
forceful speaker, he was heard in the
debates only when, in his judgment,
occasion demanded, and never with-
out effect. Conservative in his ideas
and tendencies, he opposed all radical
changes and it was largely through
his influences that so few were sub-
mitted.
Rosecrans W. Pillsbury of London-
derry, Chairman of the Committee
on Time and Mode of Submitting
Amendments to the People, had served
in four Legislatures as a leader in the
House, and in the last two previous
Conventions, and brought to his work
the training as well as the ability
demanded by the position assigned
him as the head of one of the hardest
working Committees of the Conven-
tion. Mr. Pillsbury is usually classed
as a progressive, and generally acted
with that element in the Convention,
though in the contest preliminary
to the presidential nomination he was
aligned with the supporters of Presi-
dent Taft. He is an avowed candi-
date for election to the United States
Senate by the next legislature.
William F. Whitcher of Haverhill,
was assigned to the chairmanship of
the special Committee on Woman
Suffrage — a congenial position since
he has long been an earnest advocate
of that cause, though the Committee
was constituted with an opposition
majority. This was the only Com-
mittee in whose work there was any
considerable degree of popular inter-
est, or which held public hearings, but
Mr. Whitcher's attention was by no
means limited to his service in this
connection. He was a prominent figure
in the general work of the Convention,
to which he brought the practical
experience derived from service for
five terms in the House of Represen-
tatives as a member of the Judiciary
Committee. He is a native of Ben-
ton, sixty-six years of age; was edu-
cated at Tilton Seminary and Wes-
leyan and Boston Universities, and
is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa
and Alpha Delta Phi Societies. He
is a Mason, a member of the Royal
Arcanum and the Ancient Order of
United Workmen. He is also a mem-
ber of the N. H. Historical Society,
the New England Methodist Histor-
ical Society and the N. H. Society
Sons of the American Revolution of
198
The Granite Monthly
which he was president for 1911-12.
He is editor and proprietor of the
Woodsville News, is author of the
History of Benton, of the Descend-
ants of Chase Whitcher and of various
published monograms; is a trustee
and clerk of the Woodsville Guaranty
Savings Bank and has been Moderator
for the town of Haverhill since 1901.
He is a candidate for the Republican
nomination for Senator from the Sec-
ond district.
The most prominent member of the
Nashua delegation, which was among
Hon. Jesse M. Barton
the ablest in the Convention, was
Edward H. Wason, a leading member
of the Hillsborough County bar and
former solicitor of that county, who
served conspicuously in the legis-
latures of 1899 and 1909, and the
Constitutional Convention of 1902,
and was appropriately assigned to
the Committee on Legislative Depart-
ment, in whose work he was active
and influential as well as in the general
work of the Convention. He intro-
duced the Woman Suffrage Amend-
ment, looked after its interest as a
consistent advocate of the cause, and
closed the debate in its favor. He is
a native of New Boston, fifty-six
years of age, was educated at Fran-
cestown Academy and the New Hamp-
shire College, of which he is a trustee;
is a Congregationalist and a 32d degree
Mason. He is prominently mentioned
in 'connection with the Republican
nomination for Congress in the Sec-
ond District.
Among other prominent members
and notable figures in the Convention
were James E. French of Moulton-
boro, Ezra M. Smith of Peterboro and
Frank P. Hobbs of Wolfeboro.
Mr. French is a veteran legislator,
with a longer experience in that line
than any other man now living in
the State, having served eight terms
in the House and one in the Senate.
He was assigned to the Committee
on Legislative Department, and his
judgment and experience were found
specially valuable here, as well as in
other directions.
Mr. Smith, who has served five
terms in the legislature, was a dele-
gate in the Convention of 1876, has
been a judge of the Peterboro po-
lice court nine years and had long ex-
perience in the management of town
affairs, was a valuable member of the
Committee on Judicial Department.
His experience, recognized ability as
a lawyer, cogency of statement and
ability as a debater naturally made
him one of the most influential mem-
bers of the Convention.
Frank P. Hobbs served on the
special Committee on Woman Suf-
frage, and, as a consistent progressive
Democrat, joined in presenting the
minority report in favor of the pro-
posed amendment. Mr. Hobbs, who
has been sheriff of Carroll County and
active in its politics for many years,
as a leading Democrat, was a promi-
nent member of the last legislature,
and there, as in this convention was a
frequent and forceful debater in
advocacy of all progressive measures.
The most prominent member of the
delegation from Sullivan County was
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
199
Jesse M. Barton of Newport, Judge
of Probate, a graduate of Dart mouth
College and the Boston University
Law School. He is a leading member
of the Sullivan bar, as was his father
whom had been prominent in two
Legislative sessions, and conspicuous
in support of various reform measures.
One of the most picturesque figures
in the Convention, and a veritable
" free-lance" in debate, sometimes
spoken of as "on all sides of all
questions," was Dr. Charles A. Morse
of Newmarket, who seldom failed of a
hearing when any subject was under
discussion.
The oldest delegate was Hiram
Parker of Lempster, farmer and mer-
chant, long time selectman and town
clerk, six years a member of the State
Board of Agriculture, and a represen-
tative in the Legislature of 1861, of
which he and William Nourse of New-
port are the only known survivors.
He was born in Lempster in 1830, and
is the elder brother of Hon. Hosea
W. Parker of Claremont. He is an
Hiram Parker of Lempster
Oldest Delegate
before him — the late Hon. Levi W.
Barton. He was a leading member of
the House in the Legislature of 1901,
and a delegate in the Convention of
1902. He served as a member of the
Committee on the Judiciary Depart-
ment, but took a live interest in all
questions of importance coming before
the Convention, and was heard effec-
tively in debate. Mr. Barton is a
straight-out Republican, with no
modern "frills," and is the present
Chairman of the Republican State
Committee
Among the leading "progressives"
in the Convention, and probably the old-school Democrat of the same type
ablest and most effectively heard of with the latter.
all, were Raymond B. Stevens of The youngest delegate was Edward
Laiuiaff, Democrat, and Allen Hollis J. Gallagher of Ward 9, Concord,
of Concord, Republican, each of a native of the city, twenty-one years
•
I *.-»
f
L **£
,
f
V
Edward J. Gallagher cf Concord
Youngest Delegate
200
The Granite Monthly
HON. WILLIS G. BUXTON
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
201
of age, educated in the public schools
and by private tutor. He is the
bright and brainy editor of the Con-
cord Daily and the New Hampshire
Weekly Patriot and is the youngest
man in the country to hold so respon-
sible a position in the journalistic
world.
PERSONAL SKETCHES
Hon. Willis G. Buxton. A prom-
inent member of the Merrimack
County delegation, serving on the
Committee on Bill of Rights and
the Executive Department, was Willis
George Buxton, delegate from Bos-
cawen. He is a native of Henniker,
born August 22, 1856, son of Daniel
M. and Abbie A. (Whittaker) Bux-
ton, educated at Clinton Grove and
New London Academies. He read
law with Brooks K. Webber of Hills-
borough, graduated from Boston Uni-
versity Law School in 1879, was
admitted to the bar in March of that
year, and commenced practice in
Hillsborough, remaining till 1882
when he removed to Penacook (Bos-
cawen side) where he was in partner-
ship with the late Judge Nehemiah
G. Butler until his«death a year later,
since when he has continued in prac-
tice alone, carrying on, also, an ex-
tensive insurance business, in which
he was associated for a time with the
late Isaac K. Gage and, later, with
Horace B. Sherburne. He was a
member of the House in 1895, serving
as chairman of the Committee on
Elections and as a member of the
Committee on Revision of Statutes;
of the Senate in 1897, when he Avas
Chairman of the Judiciary Committee
and was a delegate in the Constitu-
tional Conventions of 1887 and 1902,
being, therefore, well qualified from
experience for the efficient service
which he rendered in this year's Con-
vention. He has long been actively
interested in politics as a Republican,
and has been thoroughly identified
with the progressive element of the
party, supporting all its candidates
and measures for the last six years,
during which time Boscawen has not
failed to elect representatives and
delegates in sympathy with the move-
ment. He is a member of the Repub-
lican State Committee, upon which he
has served constantly since 1886,
except four years, from 1890 to 1894.
He has been seventeen years town
treasurer, long a member of the town
library committee and the local board
of health, and six years member of the
board of education. He is a trustee
of the Merrimack County Savings
Bank; has been for many years treas-
urer and superintendent of the Pena-
cook and Boscawen Water Precinct,
and has been a trustee and Secretary
of the N. H. Orphan's Home, at
Franklin, since 1895. He is a mem-
ber of the N. H. Historical Society,
and has travelled extensively both in
this country and in Europe, making a
special study of famous paintings.
He lectures occasionally on travel and
art. He is a Knight Templar Mason,
an Odd Fellow, and a member and
constant attendant of the Congrega-
tional Church. June 4, 1884, he mar-
ried, Miss Martha J. Flanders. A
daughter, Grace H., died in child-
hood.
George W. Stone. Another in-
fluential member of the Merrimack
County delegation was George W.
Stone of Andover, also a well known
lawyer, who served on the Committee
on Future Mode of Amending the
Constitution, and was actively inter-
ested in the affairs of the Convention.
Mr. Stone is a native of the town of
Plymouth, born November 11, 1857.
He is a graduate of Colby Academy
Class of 1874, Dartmouth College,
1878, and Boston University Law
School, 1882. He has been in. prac-
tice in. Andover since admission to the
bar, and has been active in public
and political affairs as a leader in the
Democratic party, always dominant in
Andover. He was an active member
202
The Granite Monthly
of the Legislature in 1885-9 and of the 1901 he was instructor in Mathematics
Constitutional Covention of 1902. in the Bangor High School; principal
He takes much interest in educational of Ricker Classical Institute at Houl-
matters, was for a time superintendent ton, Me., from 1901 to 1905, since
of schools, has been nine years a when he has been principal of Colby
Academy, New London. In college
he was prominent in athletics and
fraternity life, and was editor of the
Colby Jficho. He has been a dele-
gate to the national convention of the
Delta Upsilon Fraternity. While
principal of Ricker's Institute the
attendance increased, in the five years,
from 120 to 254, and since he came to
Colby the enrollment has grown from
101 to 165, and the corps of instructors
from seven to twelve, while additions
to the equipment costing $150,000
have been made, and the endowment
increased by $15,000. He is an Odd
Fellow, Mason and Patron of Hus-
bandry; has been treasurer of the
N. H. Association of Academies since
1907, is town auditor and president
George W. Stone
member of the Board of Education
and is a trustee of Proctor Academy.
He has been prominent in the coun-
cils of the Democratic party in county
and state, and has championed its
principles on the stump.
Justin O. Wellman. The town of
New London honored itself by choos-
ing as its delegate in the Convention
one of the most prominent educators
in the state — Justin Owen Wellman,
principal of Colby Academy, a pro-
gressive Republican who made one
of the best speeches in the debate in
support of the Initiative and Refer-
endum.
Mr. Wellman was born in Belgrade,
Me., September 19, 1875, the son of
S. Owen Rogers and Ella (Russell)
Wellman. He graduated from Colby
College in the Class of 1898, in which
Justin O. Wellman
of the New London Acetylen Gas Com-
pany. August 14, 1901 he married
year lie became principal of Paris Caroline Blanche Walker, at Mechanic
Hill (Me.) Academy. From 1899 to Falls, Me.
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
203
Amos J. Blake, delegate from
Fitzwilliam, Republican, Congrega-
tionalist, lawyer, was born in Rindge,
October 20, 1836; and educated at
Mt. Caesar Seminary, Swanzey, Green
Mountain Liberal Institute. Wood-
stock, Vt., and under the tuition of
Prof. E. T. Quimby at Appleton
Academy, New Ipswich, teaching
school winters to defray the expense.
He was well fitted for college, but
abandoned the idea, and began the
study of law in Keene in 1859, was
admitted to the bar in 1862, and to
practice in the U. S. courts in 1867,
and has successfully practiced his
profession in Fitzwilliam since July,
1863. He served as assistant internal
revenue assessor from 1862 to 1870,
bank commissioner from 1876 to
1880, census enumerator in 1880 and
1890, school committee in Rindge
two years, and in Fitzwilliam eleven
years; moderator and selectman
many years and was one of the trus-
tees of the Fitzwilliam Savings Bank.
He was a member of the committee
of three appointed by the town of
Fitzwilliam in 1867, to fund the
war debt of the town; which was
very promptly and efficiently accom-
plished. He has been a prominent
member of the Masonic fraternity for
fifty years and is a member of the
N. H. Historical Society and of the
Society of the Sons of the American
Revolution. He has served exten-
sively as administrator, executor, and
trustee of estates of deceased persons
and guardian. He has been super-
visor of the Fitzwilliam Town Library
for over thirty years. He has been
twice married; first to. Miss Lizzie A.
Howe, of Jaffrey, who died in 1867,
their son also dying the same year;
and second, to Miss Flora E. Stout1,
eldest daughter of Nathan and Mary
Louisa (Miles) Stone of Fitzwilliam.
and has one son, Leroy Stanley
Blake, born November 5, 1883. Out-
side of his profession, he is interested
in many special studies, being deeply
versed in geology and kindred sci-
ences and having made a large collec-
tion of New England minerals. He is
a historical student, versed in anti-
quarian lore, and an authority on
local history and genealogy. He was
a member of the House in 1872 and 73,
serving on the Judiciary Committee
at both sessions, and in 1901, serving
on the Committee on the Revision of
the Statutes, and was a delegate in
the Constitutional Conventions of
1889 and 1902. In this Convention
Amos J. Blake
he was a member of the Committee
on Bill of Rights and Executive
Department.
Frederic D. Runnells. Among
the young members of the Constitu-
tional Convention of 1902, returned
to the Convention of the present year,
was Frederic Daniel Runnells of
Nashua, only son of Daniel F. and the
late Sarah E. (Farley) Runnells of
that city, born December 21, 1870.
He graduated from Dartmouth Col-
lege in 1893, was in business from 1893
to 1895, studied law in Chicago and
was admitted to the Illinois bar in
204
The Granite Monthly
1897. Returning east he graduated was graduated in 1895. At the
from Boston University Law School close of his academical course he
in 1898, and the following year was entered the law office of Judge Sewall
admitted to the New Hampshire bar, W. Abbott, of Wolfeboro. In Octo-
commencing practice in Nashua, where ber, 1898, he entered the Boston
University Law School, where he was
graduated in June, 1900, with the
degree of LL.B. Before completing
his work at the university he was
admitted to the New Hampshire bar
in March of that year, and opened a
law office in Wolfeboro the following
July. He continued his practice in
Wolfeboro a year. Believing he
could improve his chances in a larger
place, he removed to Laconia, and
became associated with Edwin H.
Shannon, of that city. In 1903 he
continued alone, rapidly building up
a large and lucrative practice. In
September, 1903, he was appointed
judge of the Laconia police court.
Always believing that a good citizen
Frederic D. Runnells
he has remained, gaining a recognized
position in the professional, political
and social life of the "Second City."
He served as a member of the Board
of Police Commissioners from Jan-
uary 1904 to May, 1907 when he was
appointed Associate Justice of the
Nashua Police Court. His Commit-
tee service this year was upon the
Committee on "Future Mode of
Amending the Constitution and Other
Proposed Amendments."
Judge Oscar L. Young, delegate
from Ward 4, Laconia, was born in
Ossipee, September 11, 1874, the son
of Timothy B. and Sarah I. (Buzzell)
Young. He attended the public
schools of Ossipee and Effingham,
from which he went to Brewster Free
Academy, in Wolfeboro, where he
■HI
Judge Oscar L. Young
should take an interest in political
affairs, he rose rapidly in the confi-
dence and support of his party, and
during the campaign of 1908 he was
chairman of the Republican State
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
205
Committee,
and skillful
worthy of
hearing of
proving by
management
the trust,
the charges
his earnest
that he was
During the-
against the
express company in this state, in
1908, when Mr. Putney, who had
served as chairman of the board of
railroad commissioners so long, was
declared disqualified on account of
personal interest. Judge Young acted
as a substitute on the board, showing
by his conduct then his fitness for the
permanent postiton which came to
him soon after, when he was ap-
pointed to fill the vacancy made by
the death of Mr. Putney. He was
elected clerk of the board, and
served as such until June 1, 1911,
when the Railroad Commission was
abolished by an act of the Legisla-
ture, creating a Public Utilities Com-
mission. He has been active in
fraternal circles, and is a member of
the Morning Star Lodge, No. 17,
A. F. and A. M., Wolfeboro, Fidelity
Lodge, I. O. 0. F., of Wolfeboro,
Myrtle Rebekah Lodge, Wolfeboro,
and Mount Washington Chapter,
0. E. S., Laconia. He was married
July 11, 1909, to Miss Anna M.
Paris, of Wolfeboro. Judge Young
was actively interested in the pro-
ceedings of the Convention, and
served on the Committee on Future
Mode of Amending the Constitution
and other proposed amendments.
Wadleigh was born in the town of
Sanbornton, November 2, 1870, being
a great grandson of James Wadleigh,
a Revolutionary soldier and one of the
earliest settlers of that town. He
graduated from New Hampton Lit-
erary Institution in 1891 as valedic-
torian of his class. Subsequently he
taught school for a time, but soon
turned to mercantile life and has
been for many years engaged in the
clothing trade in Milford, where he
has served the town as a member of
Fred T. Wadleigh
Fred T. Wadleigh. What is
known as "Progressive Republican-
ism" has one of its strongholds in
this state in the town of Milford, and
one of its earliest and most active
representatives in New Hampshire
was Fred T. Wadleigh, one of the
delegates of that town in the Consti-
tutional Convention this year, serv-
ing on the special committee on
rage, and uniting in
report, sustaining the
as in line with the
progressive spirit of the times. Mr.
Woman
the minority
amendment
the board of water commissioners,
and as a representative in the Legis-
lature of 1907, in whose proceedings
he took an active part, along progres-
sive lines, introducing and earnestly
supporting a bill providing for a
direct primary law, which even then
came within a few votes of passing
the House. Mr. Wadleigh is a Mason,
an Odd Fellow, a member of the
First Baptist Church of Milford and
a public-spirited citizen, alert in all
movements for promoting the welfare
of the community.
20;
The Granite Monthly
ELISHA RHODES BROWN
The Constitutional Convention of 1912
207
Elisha R. Brown. One of the
most prominent figures in the finan-
cial life of the state for many years
past has been Elisha Rhodes Brown,
who, with Col. Daniel Hall and ex-
Mayor A. Melvin Foss, represented
Ward 4, Dover, in the Convention,
making up one of the most substan-
tial delegations in that body. Mr.
Brown was born in Providence, R. I.,
March 28, 1847. He was educated in
the Dover schools, and since early
life has been successfully engaged in
banking, having been for some time
past president of both the Strafford
National and Savings Banks. He is
also connected with various railroad
and manufacturing corporations, and
a director in the same. He is a 32d
degree Mason, an Odd Fellow7 and a
member of the N. H. Society S. A. R.,
by virtue of several lines of patriotic
ancestry. He was appointed by
Governor Sawyer in 1889 to represent
New Hampshire at the centennial
celebration of the inauguration of
President Washington in Newr York
City.
sons, and took up his residence in
Claremont Milage, devoting his at-
tention to real estate interests. He
is a Republican in politics and has
taken much interest in public affairs,
serving the town as a member of the
board of selectmen in 1874-75, as a
member of the Legislature in 1891,
and a delegate in the Constitutional
George P. Rossiter. Among the
substantial men of the Convention
and a leading member of the delega-
tion from Claremont, the largest
town in the state, was George P.
Rossiter, long knowm as one of the
most extensive and successful farmers
and stock-breeders in New Hamp-
shire, whose large intervale farm wras
one of the finest in the Connecticut
Valley, commanding the attention
not only of the passing traveller, but
also of those who sought to observe
agricultural operations upon a large
scale and according to improved
methods. Mr. Rossiter is a native of
the town of Newport, born May 6,
1840, but removed to Claremont in
early life. He was educated in the
Newport and Claremont schools and
at Kimball Union Academy. He
retired from the farm some years
since, relinquishing the same to his
George P. Rossiter
Convention of 1902. In religion he
is a Congregationalist, and a liberal
supporter of the church and its
activities.
Edwin C. Bean. Among the lead-
ing members of the Belknap County
delegation was Edwin C. Bean of
Belmont, who served on the Com-
mittee on Future Mode of Amending
the Constitution and other Proposed
Amendments. He was interested in
most matters coming before the
Convention, and, though not partici-
pating extensively in the debate, was
one of the most effective speakers in
advocacy of the Woman Suffrage
Amendment, though generally class''. |
208
The Granite Monthly
as a conservative. He is a native of
the town of Gilmanton, born Feb-
ruary 20, 1854, of the tenth genera-
tion from John Bean of Exeter
(1660). He was educated in the
Hon. Edwin C. Bean
common schools and at Tilton Semi-
nary and has been in business as a
general merchant and druggist for
the last thirty-five years. He is
president of the N. H. Retail Grocers,
Association. He has always been an
active Republican and has served as
town clerk, moderator for ten years,
member of the House of Representa-
tives in 1887 and of the State Senate
in 1901. He was postmaster of Bel-
mont from 1877 to 1884, being the
first in the state to resign after
Cleveland's election to the presidency.
He was a delegate to the Republican
National Convention in 1884, and an
aide on the staff of Gov. John Mc-
Lane, with the rank of colonel. He
is a Knight Templar, Knight of
Pythias, a charter member of Law-
rence Grange P. of H., and attends
the Free Baptist Church. He is a
Oscar C. Young, M. D. Charles-
town — old " Number Four " — was rep-
resented in the Convention by Dr.
Oscar C. Young, a native of Ac worth,
son of George W. and Sally A.
(Cummings) Young, educated in the
public schools and at the Moody
School, Mt. Hermon, Mass. He
pursued the study of medicine, grad-
uating from the Medical Department
of the University of Vermont in the
class of 1894, ranking fourth in a class
of sixty, and being one of five who
received special diplomas of honor.
He located in practice in Charlestown
immediately after graduation, where
he has continued, gaining a successful
practice in that and surrounding
towns. He has always taken a lively
interest in public affairs; has been
for many years a member of the
water commission and of the loqal
board of health. He is an active
member of the county and state
Dr. Oscar C. Young
medical societies, and of Charlestown
Grange, P. of H. His popularity is
trustee of the Iowa Savings Bank at attested by the fact of his election as
Tilton and of the City Savings Bank delegate from a Republican town, al-
at Laconia. though a lifelong Democrat. He was
The Constitutional Convention of 191 '
209
interested in most questions consid-
ered by the Convention, especially
the Initiative and Referendum, Taxa-
tion and Woman Suffrage. He was a
member of the special Committee
considering the latter subject, and
was one of the speakers sustaining
the proposed amendment in the
debate. Dr. Young has been a hard
worker all his life, and in student
days worked at haying in summer
vacations and taught school several
terms to aid in meeting his expenses.
He is much interested in horses, has
reared several fine colts, and still
believes a good horse preferable to the
automobile for the country doctor.
He is a Unitarian in religion. He
married, first, Lola E. Smith of
Charlestown, who died in 1908, leav-
ing one son, now thirteen years of age;
second, in 1911, Blanche L. Eggleston.
Stewart E. Rowe. Among the
more active of the younger members
of the Convention was Stewart Ever-
ett Rowe, delegate from Kensington,
and a member of the Committee on
Future Mode of Amending the Con-
stitution. Mr. Rowe is a native of
Kensington, son of Benjamin F. and
Hattie A. Rowe, born January 22,
1881. His father, a farmer and Civil
War Veteran, died two years since,
and his mother and younger brother
carry on the farm, where he also
still makes his home. He was edu-
cated in the district school, Exeter
High School, "Phillips Exeter Academy
and Boston University Law School.
He was class orator at the high school,
class poet at the academy, and re-
corder at the law school. He was
also active in athletics at the academy,
being pitcher on the baseball nine.
He studied law with ex-Attorney
General Eastman of Exeter, was ad-
mitted to the bar July 1, 1911, and
since then has been in practice with
an office in Exeter. He is a Univer-
salis!, a member and past officer of
the Sons of Veterans, Junior Order
U. A. M., Patrons of Husbandry,
Gamma Eta Gamma Fraternity, G.
L. Soule Society and the Rockingham
( lounty Republican Club. He has
held various offices, including clerk
and moderator of school district,
member of school board, library
trustee, auditor, tax collector, justice
of the peace, notary public, and
sealer of weights and measures for
Rockingham County. He has been a
delegate to several Republican Con-
Stewart E. Rowe
ventions and was a secretary of the
last State Convention of the party.
He is a frequent contributor, in verse
and prose, to various publications,
and has received personal letters of
thanks from President Taft and ex-
President Roosevelt for poems writ-
ten in their behalf. Many of his
poems have appeared in the Granite
Monthly. He was prominent in the
work of the Convention, participating
freely in debate and occasionally
speaking at length.
Hiram F. New'ELL. Hiram Finlay
Newell, delegate from Surry, has the
distinction of having represented more
210
The Granite Monthly
towns in the N. H. Constitutional
Convention than any other man,
having been a delegate from his
native town of Alstead in 1889 and
from Ward 3, Keene. in 1902. He
Frank B. Preston, delegate from
Ward 2, Rochester, has long been a
prominent resident of that city and a
leading Democrat of Strafford County.
He was born at Bow Lake, Strafford,
February 11, 1856, and was educated
at Franklin Academy, Dover, West
Lebanon (Me.) Academy and New
Hampton Institution. He is en-
gaged in the lumber and real estate
business. He is a Free Baptist, Odd
Fellow and Patron of Husbandry;
was moderator of Rochester in 1887-
88, a delegate to the Constitutional
Convention of 1889 from Ward 6,
and has been a member of the
Rochester school board since 1907.
He has been president of the People's
Building and Loan Association of
Rochester since its incorporation, and
corresponding secretary and member
of the board of managers of the
Gaffney Home for the Aged. He is
also a trustee of New Hampton
Institution. He was a candidate for
H. F. Newell
was born March 28, 1852, and edu-
cated at Mario w and Kimball Union
Academies. He followed the occupa-
tion of a carpenter and builder in
Keene for fifteen years after leaving
Alstead. Removing to Surry a few
years since, he is now extensively
engaged in farming and the breeding
of Short Horn cattle. He is a Re-
publican and Congregationalist, and
served nine years as trustee of the
Congregational Church at East Al-
stead. He is now serving his fifth
term as Master of Surry Grange.
He has been selectman four years,
town clerk seven years, and is now a
member of the board of health,
supervisor and tax collector. He
took an active part in the work of
the Convention, and introduced an
amendment in relation to pro-rated
towns, which was adopted by the election as a delegate to the Conven-
Convention. tion this year.
Frank B. Preston
presidential elector on the Democratic
ticket in 1896. His popularity is
shown by the fact of his unanimous
The Constitutional Convention of 191 !
211
Paul Wentworth. The delegate ents removing to Jaffrey when he was
from the town of Sandwich is a rep- three months old, where he has lived
resentative of one of the most noted ever since. He graduated from the
New Hampshire families, being a son Murdock School, Winchendon, Mass.,
of the late Col. Joseph Wentworth and attended Amherst College with
the class of 1899, being prevented
from graduating by the death of his
father five months before completion
of the course. Returning home, he
took his father's business, that of
druggist, which he has since carried
on. He has been, chairman of the
board of selectmen, tax collector,
member of the school board, constable
and prosecuting agent, also justice of
the peace, and trial justice under the
new law of 1911, which gives him
exclusive jurisdiction of trial cases,
without the establishment of a police
court. For the past five years he has
tried all local cases. He is a member
of Jaffrey Grange, and for the last
three years lecturer; member of
Paul Wentworth
and a descendant of Elder William
Wentworth, one of the early settlers
of Dover. He was born in Sand-
wich, October 28, 1846, educated at
Phillips Exeter Academy and Har-
vard College, and is a lawyer and
farmer. He is a Mason and a Uni-
tarian, a Democrat in politics, has
served several times as a selectman
and member of the school board,
was a representative in the Legislature
in 1876 and a delegate to the Consti-
tutional Convention of 1876. He has
also been solicitor for Carroll County.
He was assigned to service on the
Committee on Future Mode of
Amending the Constitution, and other
proposed amendments.
George H. Duncan
Charity Lodge, No. 18, of Masons,
past master and present secretary.
George H. Duncan, delegate from He married, November 19, 1900,
Jaffrey, was born in Leominster, Helen Prescott, of Jaffrey, and has
Mass., December 23, 1876, his par- one son, ten years old. He was the
212
The Granite Monthly
first president of the Jaffrey board of
trade, and chief instigator of the
"safe and sane" Fourth in Jaffrey
and member of the committee having
the celebration in charge for the last
three years. He has been a member
of the State Democratic Committee
since 1904, and was a candidate for
the Senate from the fourteenth dis-
trict in 1906. He is secretary and
treasurer of the N. H. Direct Legis-
lation League, and in that capacity
has spoken in over thirty cities and
towns on the subject within the last
two years. He believes that the
Initiative and Referendum will give
freedom in political life, and is a
strong believer in Single Tax, thinking
it will bring about economic freedom.
George P. Hadley, delegate from
Goffstown, was born in that town
September 3, 1846, and was educated
in the public schools and at Kimball
Union Academy, Meriden, graduat-
ing from the latter with high rank in
the class of 1869. He entered Dart-
mouth College with the class of
1873, but was compelled to abandon
the coarse by reason of ill-health.
He taught school successfully for
several years in New Hampshire and
Massachusetts, and was afterwards
engaged in surveying and civil en-
gineering for a number of years in
Goffstown and surrounding towns,
having the supervision of the con-
struction of several water-works sys-
tems in that section of the state. His
services have also been especially in
demand in the surveying of lands and
the retracing of old lines. He has
held the office of selectman, collector,
superintending school committee,
member of school board, represented
his native town in the Legislature of
1885, and in the present Convention
was a member of the Committee on
Bill of Rights and Executive Depart-
ment. He is a member of the Con-
gregational Church, the Grange, I. 0.
O. F., and the N. H. Historical
Society. He now devotes most of his
time to probate business and the
George P. Hadley
settlement of estates involving mat-
ters of trust and responsibility.
Mr. Hadley takes a commendable
interest in all progressive measures,
and is a recognized authority on
matters pertaining to the history of
his native town, having devoted
much attention for several years to
investigation in that direction. June
10, 1875, he married Edna V. Carr
of Goffstown.
THE TOOL"
Translated from C. A. Koehlcr's "Maerchenstrauss aus.dem Weissen Gebirge.'
By Ellen McRoberts Mason.
Whistling a popular air, the tourist-
tramp stepped briskly along his way.
Free from the cares and worries of
his vocation, he hastened into the
world, that great, free world where
he hoped to win back his health
— which had been much shattered
—and find inward peace and rest.
When he had left the tall buildings
of the busy city, with their din and
hurried life and strife, behind him,
he drew a deep breath. He seemed
to himself like a prisoner who knew
himself free from the pressure of the
prison air, and rejoices over his
recovered, and long-time longed-for
liberty. His humor was grown glad
and serene — for all that appeared
around him seemed to invite to
pleasure. Through smiling fields,
rich fruit-groves, the woods' shadowry
green, by brooks and streams, his
way led him along, and everything
delighted him: the glorious sun-
shine that flooded mountain and vale
with splendor, the fantastically formed
clouds that floated in the deep blue
heavens, the little flowers by the way-
side, that breathed out their sweet
odors to him, the splashing of the
brooklets, merrily running over the
smooth pebbles, the chirping of the
crickets, and the jubilation of the
birds — to all, he gave loving attention.
Truly it seemed to him as if after
having been buried year-long in a
musty, business room, he was learn-
ing to know and prize all these treas-
ures for the first time.
He had now reached a place where
mighty towering mountains pushed
so near to each other that their sides
almost touched, and seemed to cut off
his path from farther wandering,
when his glance fell upon a wondrouslv
beautiful, star-shaped flower, the like
of which he had never seen before.
The tender green leaflets of the calyx
enwrapped a heavenly blue, crown-
like corolla, wmich again enclosed—
like a swreet secret — a group of slender
golden stamens. The tramper stopped
involuntarily, plucked the flower and
stuck it in his hat. Then, oh wonder!
it was as if at that moment the whole
world were changed, as if a new, more
beautiful earth fashioned itself before
his eyes; the rock wrall opened as if
by enchantment, and before his
astonished gaze there extended a
wide, luxuriant valley. Flowery
meadows alternated with lovely,
shady groves through which silver-
shining little brooks wound away.
The valley was all around enclosed
with hills, enchanting in soft green
woods; behind the hills rose lofty
mountains whose dark evergreen for-
ests were in charming contrast to
the lighter shades of the valley, while
in the far distance, veiled in faint
bluish haze, was ranged a giant
mountain chain against the whole,
shutting off this Eden with a wall, as
it were, from the outer world.
The wrayfarer felt as if he himself,
even wrere metamorphosed. He strode
along with elastic step, fresh, joyful
blood pulsed through his veins; all
his thoughts free and untroubled of
the past and for the future, he gave
himself with utter abandonment to
the enjoyment of simply glad exist-
ence. Never had the sun seemed
more splendid, and the wTorld with
such glory over-flooded, never had the
heavens shone so deep blue, never
before had he felt so unspeakably
happy; thrice blessed in his delight,
he sang extemporizing from a full
heart :
O, thou delightful mountain air!
O, thou blest woodland odors rare!
Let me shout and sing for joy,
Yodel like a very boy!
214
The Granite Monthly
Little brooks babble down to me,
Dancing down glad to the vale free;
From windy heights, birds trill your part:
World, O World, how charming thou art!
So he wandered on until the god
of day went to his coronation; then
the vault of heaven was covered with
a magnificent glow of color. From
the most ravishing crimson, the tints
were shaded to pure, transparent,
light blue; high above, the floating
clouds were enclosed, as it were, with
a border of violet-blue, soft-woven
velvet .
Peaceful and still the evening sank
down upon the plain, and the full
moon overflowed the whole valley
with her mild, silver light. The
wooded mountains framed in the
sleeping pastures, whose slumber no
sound disturbed. Only now and then
the treetops whispered low in the
breath of the cooling wind. Friendly
bowers embraced the wanderer in
sweet repose, until the new morning
invited him to wider wanderings.
Light-heartedly he hastened for-
ward into the wonderwork!. And as
he himself rejoiced in this wonder-
world, so also every thing that rose
up along his way seemed to rejoice
with him: the trees rustled glad
greetings to him; the hare-bells rang
him welcomes, the brooks chattered,
the birds chirped him their greeting,
wild berry brambles reached out to
him, soliciting him to eat the berries;
friendly fairies offered him sweet
milk and honey cakes and fruit.
But soon the landscape grew still
more wonderful; impenetrable woods
enclosed the traveller, and arched
like a green tent over the mossy path;
right and left, giant mountains that
stood gleaming white in the sunlight,
rose up perpendicularly, so that the
narrow pass seemed wrapped in a
dreamy twilight — only here and there
a golden sunbeam darted trembling
through the thick branches.
Presently a roaring, a rushing, and
thunder broke on the ear of the wan-
derer, who soon perceived that the
tumult arose from countless brooks
and rivers that plunged with frantic
haste down the steep rocks just as if
it seemed to them the time would be
too long before they could reach the
sea. All joined together in a mighty,
deep, powerful on-rushing stream that
shot with wild tumult over giant tree-
trunks and great boulders as high as
houses, and foaming with rage and
impatience, if an obstacle stood in its
way.
The wilderness grew sterner and
more awful. Past an unfathomable,
dark, gloomy lake enclosed in black-
green firs, and reflecting the tops of
the surrounding, giant mountain
range, along by perpendicular soaring
masses of rock, the path led, until of a
sudden, it lighted up. What a mar-
vellous picture presented itself to the
wanderer's gaze!
On one side, high above him on the
rock wall appeared the awe-inspiring
profile of the "Old Man of the
Mountain"; on the other side, a wild
mountain brook dashed foaming
along, here in cascades, there forming
lovely curved basins adown the steep,
granite surface. The-e gleamed like
silver in the sunshine, and were trans-
parent as glass. Behind these, the
traveller saw many thousand gnomes
busy at their work; great numbers
of them caught water from the clouds
and guided it to the roots of the trees
and plants, so that these grew and
throve lustily; others by means of a
long chain, guided bucketfuls to a
place in the forest-deep in the heart
of the woods, where the fir trees and
beeches shut themselves in together
in mysterious dusk, and out of which,
like a presumptuous boy, the glacier-
brook darted and leaped down reck-
lessly from rock to rock. Reverence
and silent awe held the wanderer at
this scene ; to him had certainly been
vouchsafed a glance into the interior
workshop of nature.
Farther and farther the way led
him, and grew all the time narrower
and steeper. He began almost to be
afraid, for to the right and left of the
path, huge overhanging masses of
The "Poor'
215
rocks rose up and seemed to threaten
every moment to precipitate them-
selves into the awful depths, at the
bottom of which, the glacier-brook
rushed raging and roaring.
All about him, in wild confusion
lay heaps of boulders of every >shape
and size, among them, enormous,
crushed tree-trunks and their broken
boughs — a vivid picture of destruc-
tion and desolation.
The mountain-climber felt almost
frightened at the wild desolation and
had an anxious wish to turn back,
and then it seemed as if everything
around him called to him — "For-
ward, forward!" A many-colored
snake stretched out its head to him
and beckoned him on, sprightly chip-
munks ran on before him, coal-black
crows flew around his head, encour-
aging him with their clamor, even
the moss-covered stumps of trees,
and curiously formed boulders, that
seemed to have taken on human
features, nodded to him and invited
him to wider wandering.
Ever mountain-ward led the rugged
path, until the narrow pass suddenly
opened, and an entrancing picture
spread out before the pedestrian's
delighted gaze. Coming out of the
forest twilight, he was almost blinded
from the splendor of the sunshine
that illumined the wonderland. In
the midst of it he saw a great pool
of water; this was shaped out of
rocks that glowed in wondrous colors,
and here a.nd there — overhanging—
formed cool, homely grottos.
Through the crystal-clear water,
one could look down to the emerald-
green, gold-veined bottom of the
basin; gold-speckled fishes tumbled
merrily about in the depths, blue
dragon-flies floated in zig-zag, above
the surface; here and there — from
behind the thick bushes which enclosed
the pool as though with a green gar-
land, mirrored from the burnished
surface — nixies peeped shyly out.
Over the edge of a high cliff, the water
streamed in wide, foaming falls into
the pool below.
This was surrounded by smiling
meadows in brave adornment of won-
drous and exquisitely colored flowers.
Brilliant butterflies danced in teasing
play from blossom to blossom. Every
thing breathed beauty, delight, hap-
piness.
A music that was unspeakably
expressionful, sounded from the groves
and resounded in wonderful, almost
celestial harmony from the forests
and mountains. To the wanderer
it seemed that he had never per-
ceived anything like it before; now
it sounded like devout children's
voices, and now it pealed forth like
distant organ tones, then again
like thousand-voiced choir-singing, in
which he thought he could distinguish
the voices of his own loved, lost ones.
Seized and entirely overcome with
emotion, he had not noticed that he
had arrived at a steep rock wall or
barricade. This suddenly opened, as
it were of itself, and there was stretched
out before his astonished gaze, a
wide, seemingly endlessly extending,
splendid hall, whose sides, formed of
white-gleaming, precious stones, were
broken by numberless niches. Mighty
columns soared aloft and bore the
vaulted, gold-shimmering roof. In
the midst stood a magnificently
ornamented, lofty throne, from which
a venerable old man with long, snow-
white beard, advanced to the wan-
derer.
The Wizard of the mountain — for
it was he — spoke: "Welcome stranger!
The flower in your hat has led you
this way, and opened to you my
rock-castle, which yet no human
foot hath trod. Hail thee! for to
the human being to whom it is given
to succeed in penetrating here, I
am able to grant the fulfilment of a
wish. See here, two flowering t wigs
choose the one, and you will obtain
what you men call riches, choose the
other, and health and a happy mind
will be your portion."
The wanderer, still dazed from all
his wonderful experiences, hesitated in
his choice; but after a little consider-
216
The Granite Monthly
ation, he said to himself: "Of what
use would be all the treasures of the
world, without health and a happy
mind?" and he quickly reached for
the second twig.
Thereat the Wizard smiled and
said: "Your choice is a good one,
watch the flower well. You will
rejoice in the most excellent health
so long as it does not wither." With
these words he turned and dis-
appeared.
In a trice, the rocks joined together
crashing over his head. As he looked
around, frightened, and half stunned
from the detonation, he found him-
self in a dark, awful cavern. He
hastened to escape from there, and
soon the daylight greeted him.
Every thing around him had its
customary appearance, nothing ex-
isted of the splendor he had seen.
Toilsomely he made himself a path
over nature's ruins, through stunted
undergrowth and dead, fallen trees, to
the valley below. His just past
experience was to him now like a
beautiful dream, out of which he had
been suddenly frightened. Only the
blossoming branch which he held
rigidly in his hand, assured him that
those wonderful things had really
taken place.
Grown stronger from his tramp, he
returned home; new courage ani-
mated him, and strengthened him for
the work that lay before him, a
bright future seemed to him to beckon
him on, now that he was recovered
in body and mind. The branchlet
presented him by the mountain wizard
he planted in the best soil, tended
and guarded it like the apple of his
eye, and, while he worked, enjoyed
the refreshment of the spicy odor
that streamed out to him.
But whether it was that the plant
could thrive only in the mountains,
in the free forest air, or whether the
stifling, narrow room in which the
wanderer was abliged to live, was the
cause, the flower began slowly to
bow its head, and one petal after
another to close.
Anxiously he tried to keep the
plant alive; he stood it in the
the most generous sunlight his musty
apartment afforded — sorrowfully his
gaze was fixed on the withering
flower — in vain, only a few leaves
were left, and soon all had dropped off.
And with the gradual drooping of
the plant, the formerly gay spirit of
the wanderer became more and more
troubled; his cheeks grew paler and
paler— but his eyes shone with ever
more wondrous lustre, and his gaze,
which rarely now rested on the objects
of his environment, seemed to lose
itself in the infinite distance: it was
as if a great longing had seized him,
for the blue mountains, the fragrant
forests, the babbling brooks — there
where freedom, where peace dwelt.
And when the branchlet was wholly
withered and the last flower petal had
fallen and no more sweet fragrance
was given out to him — then they
found him sleeping the everlasting
sleep, deep peace in his face, his look
directed towards that heavenly coun-
try where the beautiful, blue moun-
tains lifted up their heads to the
clouds.
THE MOOD
By Georgiana Rogers
You must be in the right state of mind
To profit by help of any kind;
Even the breathing of fresh air
Helps more when we lay aside all care.
MY MOTHER1
By Rev. E. P. Tenney
My mother's influence on my in-
tellectual life was, first, the unceasing
exercise of my judgment upon ques-
tions of domestic and social right and
wrong, and of my attitude toward
God. Quite secondary in importance,
but gently and systematically in-
sisted upon, in season and out of
season, was the early formation of a
habit of reading this or that book
which she selected for me as, first of
all interesting as well as useful. Addi-
son, Goldsmith and Milton had been
her own early tutors, nor would she
allow me the use of inferior books.
So I learned from my mother really
to study when I was a mere child.
From her ancestors she had in-
herited a vast fund of sterling good
sense relating to the conduct of life.
This led her, upon such information as
she came to be possessed of, to walk
by faith as well as by sight; so that
my theoretical relation to the All-
Father, in my childhood, was not so
much by the specific instruction of
any hour as through the life of my
mother, of which I early saw much
more than I did of my father's life,
since he commonly locked himself
into his study, or was riding swiftly
to see a man, or was hustling to get
the routine work done about the
place.
My religious nature was a growth,
like a scion grafted into the living
tree. Not through infrequent and
spasmodic information, not through
week by week iteration, but by
hourly insistence on every possible
occasion and by the habit of parental
life, I knew that the Bible was the
first book, the only book of paramount
value. I was to read it whether I
read other books or not. It was
important that I should read it
through before I was eight years old.
1 Mary, the daughter of Asa Tenney, of Newbury,
Vermont; the wife of Rev. Asa P. Tennev, pastor at
West Concord. New Hampshire, 1833-1867.
My mother had read it through,
and five folio volumes of Scott's
commentary upon the whole Bible,
before she was eleven years old.
I do not remember the time when
my mother did not pray with me
alone, at least once a week, at some
hour apart from bedtime; and before
I was eight years old I had, under her
Mary Tenney
guidance, formed definite habits of
secret prayer at the twilight hour.
This I kept up six years, often by a
mere form, often with much hesitating,
if often with the imperfect and ill
informed faith of a child, so, too,
often conscious of being alienated in
my mind from God, — six years before
I entered a path that knew no turning.
So thoroughly was I taught to pray,
that I clung to the twilight habit
when I had little else to cling to.
My mother's prayers with me and
her own habit of private devotion
led me to believe that prayer had as
much to do with living as food and
218
The Granite Monthly
clothing had. And my father was
daily so earnest and business-like
in his devotions, that to me his every-
day relation to God seemed as real
as his relation to any neighbor. This
made a great impression on my child
mind. I grew up into believing, as
a bud gaining life from the parent
stock. Long before I was ten years
old, the personality of God was to
me as real in my life as the existence
of the sun. And there was never
anything in my home life that shocked
this belief. The life of my father and
of my mother accorded with what I
learned in the Bible as to the Christian
life. Their larger experience had
already long since forever decided
for them the moral questions that I
was now called on to decide for my-
self,— if not once for all, then many
times over till they would stay de-
cided. So the immovable law of the
moral universe was one of the living
powers within the house, which was
none other than one of God's many
mansions to those who would make
it so. As I think of it now, the very
perfume of heaven filled the house,
so constant was the sense of the divine
influence, so constant the acceptance
of the reign of the invisible moral order.
The most dreadful thing I remember
in my childhood was the way in which
my mother dealt with us if we
were in the wrong. It almost broke
her heart, and she showed it. It was
plain that she was easily grieved,
grieved almost beyond expression to
have us do wrong. It seemed to her
as if God disapproved the acts of her
children. There was a great ado
about it. In that little northwest
bedroom where I gave my heart to
God, my mother often prayed with
me over acts of disobedience or serious
error.
For example: I kept my "stick-
horse" in an angle of the house near
the kitchen door; and when I went
out to gallop about the yard one
Sunday morning before breakfast,
my mother was grieved that I did
not remember what day it was; and
she took me into the little bedroom
and talked with me about it, and
prayed with me, that I might "re-
member" the Sabbath day to keep
it holy.
My mother's face is now before me,
filled with inexpressible grief, gazing
upon me through the twilight out
upon the open plains, as it was when,
once only in a lifetime, my brother
and I ran away at about dusk to
play with other boys. She never lost
her dignity. She was a queenly
woman. Royalty never so bore sway
as did she in her own house. She was
never angry, never petulant: and it
was indeed a sin to be atoned for,
if this queen all of our hearts was
smitten with deep sorrow over our
petty infirmities.
There was a certain unity of design
in this Butternut Hollow household;
it tended to symmetry of development.
The family was thought of as divine;
the home a training place, a porch
opening into heaven; where the rela-
tion of parents to children was lost,
save as the older first led little feet
into ascending paths to the higher
schools of God.
My mother was like an affectionate
companion to her sons and daughters,
wonderful in her love, sympathetic,
always cheerful and sunny tempered,
seeking to make the houseful of chil-
dren happy, and careful not to over
train them and manage them too
much, leading and guiding without
appearing to do so. How to do this
was thought out, planned about, and
talked over with the Infinite Widsom,
an hour or more every day at brief
intervals of being alone with God.
It was a well balanced leading and
guiding. Were we taught prayer?
We were taught industry. Were we
disciplined to reverence? To neat-
ness, also.
Our mother tied or untied the
tongues of her children: "I say unto
you that every idle word that men
shall speak, they shall give account
of in the day of judgment." This
My Mother
219
was often cited by my mother, not
as a poetic sentiment, or even pointed
to as a worsted motto on card board,
but as a sleepless Mede and Persian
law of life that could not be changed
till the crack of doom.
We were early taught the impor-
tance of embedding in our characters
the wisdom of the Book of Proverbs
and the New Testament apothegms
of practical piety in domestic and
social relations.
In our Butternut Hollow house,
Christmas was never frowned on;
but the glory of other days was in-
sisted on. Any day, every day, was
thought to be good enough for the
sons and daughters of the Almighty
to play in and work in.
Like a tranquil figure of justice
in bronze upon the cupola of the court
house, my mother evenly distributed
to her children both praise and blame.
We wrere taught that her approbation
meant much. Her love-tokens were
prized. I have now a pen picture of
a heart, deftly adorned with filigree
work, as Colonel Dunham's fashion-
able school at Windsor had taught
her to make it in her early teem.
It came to me with a sugar heart
folded in, when I was five years old,
and it was judiciously said that
"Edward must be a good boy."
She had to save up that birthday
delicacy by blowing out candles.
I can see her now, with a Rembrandt
tallow-dip upon a black light-stand
in a darkly shadowed room, stitching,
stitching, while I was sent through
two dark rooms to find father poring
over his books in the light of a small
wick moistened by whale oil, — a lamp
little improved over the one used by
Cicero. The errand I went on was
to find out whether six children
should instantly race and chase
through those dark rooms to bid
good night to the theologian dimly
seeking for light.
Out doors or indoors, I never saw
my mother — all told during thirty
years — manifest the slightest impa-
tience. I do not remember that she
ever took me seriously to task for
playing in the dirt — her theory being
that it might be cleaner than the
village boys, — or getting wet; al-
though she insisted upon it that I
should know how to take care of my-
self if wet. She encouraged our mak-
ing mud dams in the brook, digging-
snow houses in deep drifts, or rolling
up snow forts.
Colonel Dunham indeed had taught
my mother to dance, but her diary
when a little girl had expressed dis-
satisfaction with it, as of doubtful
interest in its relation to what was
permanent and enduring. For boys
at least she thought few dancing floors
so good for fun as glare ice, or the
frosted snow crust glinting in the
sun or gleaming in the moonbeams.
The most important educative in-
fluence in my boyhood was what my
mother and my father taught me
about relative values. Play was
good — in its relation to a worthy life
work, in its relation to the greatness,
the majesty, and irresistible ongoing
energy of the Kingdom of God.
They taught their children to trust
God in their unceasing work for him,
rather than mainly seek to make
money for luxurious living; to be
devoted, soul and body, to the world's
well being rather than to perpetually
seek the good of number one.
I do not remember when I was not
taught, in deciding test questions,
to lean hard toward the side of self-
sacrifice. By acts of self-denial,
when I was a little child, I was taught
to earn money to give to well con-
sidered plans for diffusing moral light
in a world that needed it. I could
not have been five years old. when I
was already conscious of definite
purposes and large planning — follow-
ing out the large planning of others
concerning the great Kingdom of God,
with its realm so much wider than my
native village. I do not remember
the time when I did not think of it
as the most suitable work in the world
220
The Granite Monthly
for a child of immortality, to lead a
life of self-sacrifice for others, and
self-devotement to some carefully
thought out plan for the moral im-
provement of society: and to this
scheme of life, I felt predestined.
I do not remember the time when I
ever thought of life as given to me for
anything else.
Do we not read in ancient story,
that the spirit of God, in the form of
a dove, rested upon the Son of man
in the hour of his baptism? So, too,
with a keen sense of my own infinite
unworthiness, I would fain believe
that the Infinite Spirit hovered over
my childhood paths, perhaps in the
form of my mother; or, if not, it is
a great joy to me that the early
leadings of God are so associated in
my mind with my mother's training
and instruction, that, whenever I
think of all that is pure, holy, faith-
ful, and all that is noble in this life,
I at once embody these virtues in my
mother, to whom, next to my Saviour,
I owe the most.
Center Lebanon, Maine.
THE GREAT UNKNOWN
By Stewart Everett Rowe.
Some one to be a friend — a lifelong friend —
On whom to lean for comfort and for rest,
When in the Valley or upon the Crest ;
Some one to come and stay until the end
That joy, success and love may meet and blend,
So firm, immutable, steadfast and true
That Life may be just like a sky of blue; —
Some one — The Great Unknown — to be a friend.
The Great Unknown, who still is yet to be,
So perfect and so grand in ev'ry way:
The Great Unknown, to calm Life's troubled sea,
To speed the thought that Life is more than clay:
The Great Unknown, to liberate and free
And make of Life one long and happy day!
A LITTLE WHILE
By Frances M. Pray.
When from the things we hold most dear
We feel quite far away,
And all around the rain falls fast
From skies all dull and gray,
If we'd but go out in the air
And make our lips to smile,
We'd see a flower blooming bright
In just a little while.
When everything keeps going wrong
And constant troubles bring,
And we are feeling "down and out"
With every living thing,
If we'd but work with all our heart
And not forget to smile,
We'd surely hear a bird's glad song,
In just a little while.
TRUST AND ASPIRATION
By Margaret Quimby
He who marks the sparrow's fall,
And heeds the raven's cry,
Will He not have care o'er us
And all our needs supply9
Then why give place to doubting,
When faith is much the best ;
The heart in trust found wanting,
Knows naught of peace and rest.
Our days of life are numbered;
And in the stress and strain,
To build up earthly treasure —
Beware lest we fail to gain,
The beautiful gifts of the spirit —
Our passport to heaven above;
Thro the gates ajar t.hey only pass—
Who are rich in the wealth of God's love.
We may hold rare gems of the ocean,
Vast wealth of the mines amass;
Yet these can avail us nothing
When on to heaven we'd pass.
But knowledge is an attribute,
Of God's eternal self;
And they who seek this treasure,
Secure immortal wealth.
True knowledge makes us fitter
Companions of the blest;
And gives us strength to bravely meet,
Temptation's crucial test.
Knowledge gives the impetus,
To keep life's upward trend;
To make the most of every gift,
The Father doth us send.
Knowledge gives us sight to see,
God's ways are always best ;
When through life's thorny maze He leads
His love is our compass — our rest.
Then let us prove wise students here,
In the world's great school of life;
God's Paradise awaits us —
Reward for every strife.
222
The Granite Monthly
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THE EFFECT OF COMPETITION
By Cy War man
( !ommissions, state and interstate,
are created for the purpose of regu-
lating the rules, running and opera-
tion of railways. In many eases these
commissions are permitted to fix the
rates and conditions under which
certain commodities are carried, but
one thing they fail utterly to regu-
late, and that is service. The only
real regulator of service is competi-
tion. Competition has enabled the
American railways to make a living
and still to move freight cheaper per
ton mile than it is moving elsewhere
in the world, having regard to the
cost of operation, especially the wages
paid to employees. Wherever service
is bad and lines are neglected, these
conditions are improved immediately
by the introduction of competition.
Naturally the new line understands
that it must improve on existing
roads and conditions if it hopes to
attract its share of traffic, especially
if it expects to stimulate industries
and create new traffic, without which
there is no justification for its building.
Not only will the second railway,
properly constructed and economi-
cally and honestly operated, improve
conditions and render a real service
to the existing line which has in some
measure failed, but it will also create
new business. All over this continent
there are railways which have been
constructed under most adverse condi-
tions and circumstances that have
made good. The old story echoed
and re-echoed by the critics of the
railway, which is to the effect that
the railroad produces nothing, is a
fallacy. The difference between the
price of a ton of coal at the mine and
;it the factory is all value produced
by the railway. Native resources are
practically worthless when far re-
moved from a railway. The intro-
duction of transportation facilities
creates a new value immediately for
these resources because it is then
possible to transport them and put
them to use for the benefit of man-
kind. One would think that the
natural resources of New Hampshire
for instance, had been pretty thor-
oughly exploited; and yet there are
hundreds of square miles of territory
practically untouched. The fore>t-
are there, ripe for judicious cutting,
but the cost of transporting the mate-
rial to the markets eats up all the
profit, and until the transportation
facilities of this state are improved,
until the neglected territory is tapped
by railways which will carry these
products to the consumers, the state
cannot be fully developed.
By permitting the Grand Trunk
system to build its line across New
Hampshire, we will be able to enjoy
not only competition in service, but
competition in facilities, for it is well
known that nothing quickens a neg-
lected line as will competition.
The expenditure of millions of dol-
lars in railway construction will help,
but the development of new regions,
the establishment of new industries,
and the opening of new markets for
labor and for the products of labor
and of the soil will be a permanent
advantage.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
GEORGE A. GORDON
George Augustus Gordon, born in Dover,
N. H., July 17, 1827, died in Somerville,
Mass., May 3, 1912.
He was the son of Ebenezer and Sophronia
(Anderson) Gordon and graduated from
Dartmouth College in the class of 1846,
when scarcely nineteen years of age. He
commenced active life as a civil engineer,
and in that capacity assisted in the erection
of the Atlantic Cotton Mills at Lawrence and
the Manchester Print Works. Later he
superintended the construction of the mills
of Lewiston, Me. He continued this work
till 1854, and in the following year entered
journalism, purchasing the Lawrence Sentinel,
which he conducted as a Democratic paper
during the Buchanan campaign in 1856,
when he sold out and went to Detroit as
draughtsman for the Detroit Locomotive
Works. The panic of 1857 soon wiped out
this enterprise, and Mr. Gordon went south,
where he became assistant editor of the
Charleston Mercury, continuing till just
before the outbreak of the Civil War, when
he became supervising engineer of some gold
mines near Dahlonega in northern Georgia.
Later he became assistant quartermaster in
the "Home Guard," First Regiment, state
of Georgia troops, with the rank of Captain,
and served through the war.
Returning north, in 1866, he located in
Lawrence, Mass., where he engaged in literary
work, but soon removed to Lowell to take
charge of the advertising department in the
J. C. Ayer's Co. establishment.
For the last twenty-eight years of his life
Captain Gordon had been a resident of
Somerville, where he was for some time
connected with the business department of
the Somerville Journal. His later years,
however, were entirely devoted to genealogi-
cal work, in which he had always taken
deep interest. For seventeen years, up to
1910, he served as recording secretary of the
New England Historical and Genealogical
Society, of which he had been a member
since 1876. He was a corresponding member
of the New Hampshire Historical Society,
and of various similar organizations. He was
a Mason and was Senior Warden of Emanuel
Episcopal Church of Somerville. He mar-
ried, October 16, 1857, at Lawrence, Ann
Farley Gordon, who survives him, with three
sons.
CLARENCE F. CARROLL
Clarence F. Carroll, one of the ablest ard
most successful educators in the couu . . .
born in Enfield, N. H., April 1, 1852, died at
Warner, June 14, 1912.
Mr. Carroll was the son of the late Alonzo
C. and Mercy (Hale) Carroll. His father
was long a prominent citizen of Warner, as
is his brother Edward H., at whose residence
he died from an apoplectic shock immedi-
ately after having delivered the address at
the graduating exercises of the Simonds
High School.
He was a graduate of Yale College and
soon after graduation became principal of
the New Britain, Conn., Normal School,
which he made one of the leading institutions
of the kind in the country. In 1895 he was
called to the superintendence' of schools in
Worcester, Mass., one of the most progressive
cities in the country in educational lines,
where he continued eight years, with a
measure of success which commanded the
attention of educators throughout the coun-
try. In 1903 he was called to a similar posi-
tion in the progressive city of Rochester,
N. Y., where he enhanced his already nation-
wide reputation as a thoroughly practical
educator, continunig until 1911, when he
resigned and returned to. New Hampshire,
locating on the old homestead in Boscawen,
where his wife, who was Julia, daughter of
the late Nathaniel Webster, was reared. t
For the past year he had devoted a portion
of the time to the direction of the schools at
Marblehead, Mass., as incidental pastime,
and had pursued special studies at Harvard
University and, up to the time of his death,
had been in excellent health. He had written
much for educational publications, and de-
livered many addresses along various lines.
He was the principal speaker at the "Old
Home Sunday" service in Concord lastyear.
He is survived by his wife, two sons, Henry
C, of Indianapolis, and Carl H., of Boston,
and two daughters, Mrs. Lawrence P. Tol-
man, of Seattle and Margaret E., of Boscawen.
JOSEPH REED WHIPPLE
Joseph R. Whipple, familiarly known as
J. Reed Whipple, one of the most prominent
and successful hotel men in the country, died
at a private hospital in Boston, June 15, 1912.
Mr. Whipple was born in New Boston,
N. H., September 8, 1842, the son of John
and Philantha (Reed) Whipple. Early in
life he went to Boston and commenced work
as a grocery clerk, soon engaging in business
himself, but without success. Turning his
attention in another direction, he became an
assistant steward in the Parker House, where
he rapidly developed capacity for the hotel
business, and was advanced accordingly. In
1876 he became proprietor of the famous
Young's Hotel, and in 1891 of the Parker
House. Some years ago he took on the
Touraine, and at the time of his decease was
the proprietor of all these great Boston hos-
telries, and prominent in other interests. He
had always retained a deep interest in his
native town of New Boston, where he had an
extensive farm and frequently visited, and
contributed liberally to promote the town's
welfare.
'/'L^&^&r^ 4-/ 7c<_Vfe^Xl-co^
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 8
AUGUST, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 8
HON. STILSON HUTCHINS
The Notable Career of a Successful Son of New Hampshire
By Henry H. Metcalf
It is customary to preface any
account of the life and achievements
of a successful child of New Hamp-
shire, whose work has been done
outside the state, by reference to the
many notable sons of the Granite
State who have won distinction in
public, professional and business life
in other parts of the country. In
briefly outlining the career, and pay-
ing some small measure of merited
tribute for the notable work of the
late Hon. Stilson Hutchins, who
departed this life in Washington,
on April 21, 1912, it is pertinent
and proper to remark that he was
one of half a dozen men — natives
of this state — who held conspicuous
place in the field of American journal-
ism, each for many years.
Included in this brilliant group,
aside from the subject of this sketch,
were Charles Gordon Greene, native
of Boscawen, founder of the Boston
Post and for more than forty years
its editor, born July 1, 1804, died
September 27, 1886; Horace Greeley,
native of Amherst, founder of the
New York Tribune, and editor thereof
from 1841 till 1872; born February
3, 1811, died November 29, 1872;
Charles A. Dana, native of Hinsdale,
managing editor of the New York
Tribune, under Greeley, from 1849
to 1862, editor of the New York Sun
from 1868 to 1896; born August 8,
1819; died October 17, 1896; Horace
White, native of Colebrook, editor of
the Chicago Tribune from 1864 to
1874; editor of the New York Evening
Post from 1883 to 1903 ; born Angust
10,1834; now retired; and Jonas Mills
Bundy, native of Colebrook, served
on the Milwaukee Wisconsin, and
the New York Evening Post; editor
of the New York Evening Mail from
1868 to 1891; born April 17, 1835;
died September 8, 1891.
Stilson Hutchins was born in
Whitefield, N. H., November 14,
1838, the son of Stilson and Clara
(Eaton) Hutchins. He came of nota-
ble ancestry on both sides, tracing
his line of descent back to John
Hutchins, who was a settler in Haver-
hill, Mass., as early as 1646, and to
Francis Eaton of the Mayflower
colony. His paternal and maternal
great-grandfathers, Capt. Nathaniel
Hutchins and Capt. Nathaniel Eaton,
were gallant and distinguished sol-
diers of the Revolution, both partici-
pating in the battle of Bunker Hill,
and serving throughout the war. The
son of the former — Stilson Eastman
Hutchins, married Rebecca Eaton,
daughter of the latter, and inter-
marriage between the families con-
tinued in subsequent generations,
Clara Eaton of Hopkinton, mother
of the subject of this sketch, being a
grand-daughter of Captain Eaton,
and a cousin of her husband.
Stilson Hutchins was a posthumous
child, his father having suddenly
died several months before his birth,
leaving his mother in very moderate
circumstances. Animated by the
226
The Granite Monthly
heroic spirit of her ancestry, she
bravely faced the difficulties in her
way and inspired in the heart of her
son that earnest purpose and ambition,
which, with such educational advan-
tages as he was able to secure, set
him at an early age on the highway
to success. She removed to Hop-
kinton, her native town, where her
son attended the public school and
the famous Hopkinton Academy, then
under the direction of that celebrated
New Hampshire educator, Prof. Dyer
H. Sanborn. After some years she
married Hiram Somerby of Cam-
bridgeport, Mass., and removed to
that place. Following a year at
Harvard young Stilson engaged as a
reporter on the Boston Herald. He
had served but a few months in that
capacity when the family, in 1855,
removed to Osage, Iowa; but the
newspaper instinct had already be-
come so strongly developed, that,
although but seventeen years of age,
he became editor of the Osage Dem-
ocrat, and later on, was editor of the
North Iowan in the same place.
Seeking a wider field and larger
opportunity, he removed, in 1858,
to Des Moines, where he was editor
of the Telegraph for three years, going
then to Dubuque, where he became
editor and joint proprietor -of the
Dubuque Herald, which, under his
vigorous editorial direction, became
the leading Democratic newspaper of
the state, and so continued until 1866,
when he sold it and removed to St.
Louis, Mo. The years of his editorial
control of the Herald covered the
exciting period of the civil war, and
the Herald was an uncompromising
Democratic paper throughout. It
opposed the war, as unnecessary, in
the outset, and unsparingly criticised
the policy of its conduct, which, as
Democratic leaders then contended,
and never ceased to believe, under
the machinations of Stanton and
Zachariah Chandler, was directed
more toward the promotion of Repub-
lican party success than prompt
victory for the Union arms. The
treatment of General McClellan, by
the administration, and the manifest
determination that Union victory
should not be achieved under his
command, was condemned by the
Democratic press of the country
wherever the courage of conviction
was freely exercised, and the columns
of the Dubuque Herald furnished
constant and convincing evidence
that its fearless young editor had no
sympathy with the administration
policy. Undeterred by popular
clamor, or by threats of personal
violence, such as silenced many a
Democratic newspaper or editor in
those days, he proclaimed his opin-
ions without hesitation. He was an
earnest defender of General McClellan
and gave him vigorous support as
the Democratic candidate for Pres-
ident in 1864, the nomination having
been accorded him by his party, as
a mark of confidence in his patriotism,
as well as a testimonial to his fitness
and ability, notwithstanding the
humiliation to which he had been
subjected through the wiles of his
political adversaries.
Immediately upon his removal to
St. Louis, Mr. Hutchins established
the Times, which he made a live,
progressive Democratic paper, and
a formidable rival of the Missouri
Republican, then in spite of its name
occupying the Democratic field in
that great city. He now had a field
of operation commensurate with his
ambition and ability, and he made
the most of the opportunity pre-
sented. He not only made his paper
the champion of progressive principles
and policies, commanding a wide
influence and liberal patronage, but
entered, personally, into active pol-
itics, in opposition to the then existing
Democratic "machine" dominating
the party in both city and state
affairs, to such purpose that, in a
triangular contest, in the fall of 1872,
he was chosen a representative in
the Missouri legislature from the
sixth St. Louis district.
He had already come to be recog-
nized as a leading figure in the younger
element of the party in the state,
Hon. Stilson Hutchins
227
and was strongly supported for the
speakership. In fact, his election
to that position was generally con-
ceded, but was finally prevented by
a sharp trick played upon his friends
in the nominating caucus, and which
aroused such indignation that his
election to the United States Senate
to succeed Gen. Francis P. Blair was
proposed and would have been effected
but for his own refusal to be a candi-
date, on the ground that an older
and more experienced man should be
selected for the position. Resent-
ment of the underhanded methods
by which his defeat for the speaker-
ship was accomplished, prevailed to
such extent, however, that General
Blair, himself, some of whose friends
were responsible for that outcome,
was defeated for reelection, and that
political anomaly, Lewis V. Bogy,
finally chosen.
Mr. Hutchins was the recognized
leader of his party in the house;
prominent in all legislative work.
He was reelected in the fall of 1874,
and in the next session served as
chairman of the Ways and Means
committee — the leading committee
of the house. During this session
he introduced and carried through
to final passage, a measure thoroughly
revolutionizing the taxation system of
the state, and put Missouri abreast
of other progressive states in this
important direction.
In the campaign of 1872, Mr.
Hutchins, in his newspaper and on
the stump, gave hearty support to
Horace Greeley, with whom he had
always disagreed politically, until his
espousal of the Liberal Republican
cause and nomination for the presi-
dency, subsequently endorsed by the
Democratic Convention. He re-
spected Greeley for his honesty and
his wonderful ability and felt that
the direction of national affairs might
safely be intrusted to his hands. In
1876 he was an early advocate of
Samuel J. Tilden's nomination for
the presidency, and, as chairman of
the Missouri delegation in the St.
Louis Convention, was able to con-
tribute powerfully to that end, as he
did subsequently to the election of
Tilden and Hendricks at the polls,
and the choice of a Democratic major-
ity in the electoral college which
would have insured their election but
for the fraudulent reversal of the
result in three Southern states, then
under " carpet-bag" control, through
the most desperate and diabolical
political conspiracy ever engineered
in this or any other country. Had
the will of the people been fully
carried out, and Mr. Tilden inaugu-
rated as President, there is no doubt
that Mr. Hutchins would have
received distinguished recognition at
his hands, as he was one of the notable
coterie of young Democrats in the
country, who, rallying to his support
with singular zeal and earnestness,
commanded in full measure his con-
fidence as well as gratitude.
During his political and newspaper
career in St. Louis, which continued
till 1877, in the last three years of
which he also owned the Dispatch —
now the Post-Dispatch of that city, —
Mr. Hutchins became more or less
intimately associated with many of
the most prominent journalists of
the country, with not a few of whom
he ever continued on terms of close
friendship. It was during this time
that Joseph Pulitzer, then a wander-
ing Hungarian Jew, seeking entry
into American journalism went to
that city, and, after much struggle,
at last fairly commenced the career,
whose ultimate success so far as
financial results are concerned, is
without parallel in American news-
paper history. To Stilson Hutchins,
as much as to any other man, at
least, was Joseph Pulitzer indebted
for the friendly assistance which
sped him on the way to final triumph;
and for Mr. Hut elfins he ever cher-
ished as much of friendly regard as
it was possible for one of his peculiar
nature and characteristics to retain
for any man.
In 1877 Mr. Hutchins disposed of
the Times, and all his other newspaper
interests in St. Louis, for a very
228 The Granite Monthly
handsome sum, as then regarded Ottmar Mergenthaler, an ingenious,
at least, and soon after came east but impecunious German, had con-
proposing the purchase of the New ceived the idea, and so far carried
York World if satisfactory terms it into operation as to be able to
could be made. He was unable, convince the intelligent observer of
however, to effect what he considered the feasibility of his device; but had
reasonable terms, and it was his lot failed utterly to command the finan-
six years later to see that paper pass cial aid essential to the successful
into the hands of Joseph Pulitzer, development of the project for the
Turning his back upon the commer- perfection and popularization of the
cial metropolis, Mr. Hutchins went intricate labor-saving machine which
to Washington where he was soon has since been installed in most of
led to the conclusion that a Demo- the great newspaper establishments
cratic morning paper at the national and publishing houses of the world,
capital was not only needed but though bitterly antagonized, as most
might ultimately become a profitable great labor-saving devices have always
investment, and, on December 6, ignorantly been, by the labor unions.
1877, he commenced the publication Mr. Hutchins' attention had been
of the Washington Post which he called to Mergenthaler' s invention,
conducted with constantly increasing and his interest was strongly aroused,
success till 1889, his elder son — He became fully satisfied of its merit
Walter Stilson Hutchins — with whom and practicability, seeing therein not
his relations were always of the only advantage to the world but
closest and most confidential nature, fortune for those who should succeed
being managing editor throughout, in fully developing the enterprise.
The year after the establishment of He acquired a large interest in the
the Post, Mr. Hutchins bought the patents, and set himself to the work
National Union, a Republican paper, of organization and development.
which he merged in the Post. In It was a long and severe struggle
1887 he acquired control of The Critic, upon which he had entered, but,
an evening paper, whose publication with his characteristic vigor and
he separately continued, and in 1888 determination, he pushed forward to
he bought the National Republican, ultimate success. He soon found
which he merged with the Post, thus necessary a greater amount of capital
clearing the field of Republican papers, than he had at his command, and
In January, 1889, then controlling enlisted in the enterprise such men
the entire morning newspaper field as Whitelaw Reid, D. O. Mills, Oliver
at the capital, and, with The Critic, Payne, and others of their class, the
dividing the evening field with the first perfected machines being installed
Star, classed as independent, at that in the Tribune establishment by
time, Mr. Hutchins disposed of his Mr. Reid, which fact gave the enter-
entire newspaper property, selling prise its first substantial advance,
the Post, at a large price to Frank other great newspapers soon following
Hatton, Ex-Postmaster General, and the Tribune in their adoption. Mr.
Congressman Beriah Wllkins of Ohio Hutchins organized the company and
and The Critic to a syndicate headed was a director from the start. He also
by Hallet Kilbourn. " placed all the foreign patents, making
This sale was made in order that several trips abroad in pursuit of the
he might devote all his resources and work. In this enterprise he made
energy to the development of the Mer- much money — the bulk, indeed, of
genthaler linotype enterprise, which the very handsome fortune, conserv-
has since as thoroughly revolution- atively estimated at more than
ized the work of composition as has $3,000,000, which he left at his
the power press, with its multiple decease — but his profits were small
improvements, that of printing. One compared with those of the great
Hon. Stilson Hutchins 229
capitalists whose co-operation he had one of the city's most successful
enlisted. realty operators, being particularly
Meanwhile he had turned his at ten- active in opening up new localities
tion in other directions to no incon- for residential occupation,
siderable extent, becoming a large Although his life work was mainly
operator in Washington real estate, done elsewhere, Mr. Hutchins ever
aiding materially in developing many cherished a deep and loyal affection
sections of the city, wherein had for his native state, and at one time
been his home, mainly, for the last made it his legal residence, his purpose
thirty-four years — more than one-half then being to make it ultimately
of his active lifetime — in which he his permanent abiding place. He
took no little pride, and in the pro- leased a house in Laconia in the
motion of whose welfare he was as summer of 1879, and occupied it,
earnest as any man can be who is with his family, and, shortly after,
without any direct voice in control purchased Governor's Island, in Lake
of the government of the city in Winnipesaukee, where he subsequently
which he lives, which is, unhappily built a substantial and costly summer
or otherwise, as it may be, the con- residence, and made many extensive
dition of every resident of the na- improvements, including the erection
tional capital. He projected many of numerous farm buildings and the
improvements, and himself planned laying out of a highway around the
and built the Great Falls Electric ra:l- island, which contains some 600 acres
road, up the Potomac, eight miles, of land. He engaged a farm manager,
to "Cabin John Bridge," one of the bought a lot of blooded stock, and
noted points of interest about the carried on agricultural operations to
capital, which road he subsequently a greater or less extent for several
disposed of, it being now a part of years, spending, here, considerable
the Washington Railway and Elec- time in the summer season, and
trie Company's extensive system. He entertaining many friends and not-
was also actively interested in and able guests. A few years since, as
president of a company formed for many will recall, he leased the place
the improvement and protection of for the season for the occupancy of
the Palisades of the Potomac, a the German Ambassador, Baron von
natural attraction second only in Sternberg, and his suite,
interest and importance to the famous In the fall of 1879, Mr. Hutchins
Palisades of the Hudson. He held organized a company for the purchase
an interest in a coal mine in Virginia, and publication of the Manchester
and built there for the development Union. The Daily Union, then a
of the same a railway thirteen miles small evening paper, and the Union
in length, which is now a part of the Democrat, a more pretentious weekly
Seaboard Air Line. Incidental to a which had been a strong Democratic
real estate deal, in 1896, he acquired paper in the days of James M. Camp-
the Washington Times newspaper, bell and Alpheus A. Hanscom, were
which was conducted for a time under then published by Campbell & Hans-
his son's management, and published com, a son and brother of the for-
in the Hutchins Building, which he mer publishers. Upon consummating
erected at the corner of Pennsylvania the purchase, Mr. Hutchins, having
Avenue and Tenth street; but was secured an Associated Press franchise
sold in 1901 to Frank A. Munsey, for the paper, immediately trans-
and is now one of the chain of papers formed the daily into a live morning
controlled by that enterprising pub- paper, and perfected arrangements
lisher. Mr. Hutchins gradually ac- for its prompt transmission to all
quired extensive properties in both parts of the state. In carrying out
the business and residential sections his plans in this direction he pur-
of Washington, and was regarded as chased and arranged for running a
230 The Granite Monthly
small car up the Concord and Mont- upon the Committee on the Judiciary,
real main line, to carry the paper to the most important in the House, of
the principal places along the route, which Gen. Oilman Marston of Exe-
This plan was not long in operation, ter was chairman, his only Demo-
however, for it soon resulted in the cratic associates being Messrs.
putting on of a regular early morning O'Connor of Manchester and Stone
train by the railroad, which event- of Andover; also to the Committee
ually started out from Boston, thus on National Affairs, of which Capt.
accommodating the morning papers Henry B. Atherton of Nashua was
of that city, as well as the Union, chairman. He also served on a
This train, to the present day, is special joint committee to confer
known as the "paper train," and with the general government in
has proven a great convenience and reference to accommodations for the
accommodation to people in the state library.
lower part of the state desiring to He was frequently heard in debate,
do business in the north country and on questions of moment, on the floor
return the same day. For this great of the House during the session, but
convenience, as well as for a morning at no time more effectively than in
daily within the limits of the state support of the bill reinforcing the
(the Union still continuing as such, purity of elections law by incorpo-
and no other paper, out of several rating the important sections which
that have been attempted, surviving had been cut out by the Republican
in the field) the people of New Hamp- majority when the measure, intro-
shire are indebted primarily, and it duced by Hon. Harry Bingham, was
is safe to say entirely, to the enter- originally enacted in 1876. This bill
prise of Stilson Hutchins, who, if he introduced and carried through
he had done nothing else for the the legislature, in collaboration with
benefit of his native state, would have Mr. Bingham, who was then
a
accomplished more than many of member of the Senate. It was intro-
those who have been hailed as bene- duced July 2, and reported "inex-
factors by its people. pedient" from the Judiciary Com-
In 1884 he disposed of his interest in mittee August 5, Mr. Gilmore of
the Union, the direct management Manchester presenting the report,
of which had necessarily been en- which was laid on the table, on motion
trusted to business associates and of Mr. O'Connor of Manchester, who
subordinates though he had outlined called it up August 26. Mr. Hutchins
and directed its general policy. Mean- spoke earnestly against the report
while, however, he had taken an and in favor of the measure, being
active interest in political affairs in supported by Mr. Stone of Andover
the state and had frequently spoken and by Mr. Hackett of Belmont, a
to good effect, upon the stump in Republican not in sympathy with
advocacy of the Democratic cause, the dominant party machine. Captain
In November, 1884, he was chosen a Atherton of Nashua was also heard
representative to the legislature from in favor of the bill, which was bitterly
Laconia and served with distinction opposed by Mr. Gilmore of Man-
during the session opening the follow- Chester and Mr. Bell (John J.) of
ing January. The speaker of the Exeter. A roll call being demanded
house for this session was Hon. on the question of the adoption of
Edgar Aldrich of Littleton, now and the report, comparatively few dared
for many years past, Judge of the go on record as opponents of such a
U. S. District Court for New Hamp- measure, and the report was rejected
shire, and the clerk, Edwin F. Jones by a vote of 40 in the affirmative to
of Manchester, president of the recent 195 in the negative. The bill was
Constitutional Convention. Mr. then promptly put upon its passage,
Hutchins was assigned to service which was carried without division,
Hon. Stilson Hutchins
231
and then sent to the Senate, which
body concurred in its enactment,
making ours one of the most stringent
laws for the protection of the purity
of the ballot to be found in any state
in the Union, though, sad to say, it
is far less thoroughly enforced than
the friends of good government might
wish.
On the same day on which this
important measure passed the House,
through his active agency, Mr.
Hutchins presented the state with
a most interesting and important
paper or document, embracing the
signatures of the Federal Government
officials in service July 4, 1876, the
gift being accompanied by the follow-
ing note which is fully explanatory:
Concord, N. H., August 26, 1885.
To the Honorable Speaker of the House
of Representatives:
I desire to present to the State,
through the honorable body over
which you preside, a framed exhibit
of the signatures of the adminis-
trators of the Federal government,
at the beginning of the second
century, July 4, 1876, there being,
as I believe, but one other copy in
existence, which is preserved, along
with the Declaration of Independence
adopted just one hundred years
previously, in the state department
of the United States.
As this instrument contains the
signature of the recently deceased
General Grant, then president of the
United States, together with the
autographs of his cabinet, the justices
of the supreme court, and members
of the Senate and house of repre-
sentatives at the beginning of our
second century of independence, I
have thought it would be a peculiarly
appropriate addition to the historical
treasures of the legislative chamber,
where it has been placed by the
sergeant-at-arms, and where I trust
it will remain.
Respectfully,
Stilson Hutchins.
A joint resolution of thanks to Mr.
Hutchins, for this interesting and
valuable gift, introduced by Mr. Hell
of Exeter by unanimous consent, was
read three times and adopted under
suspension of the rules, and sent to
the Senate for concurrence, which
was promptly voted by that body.
The exhibit still remained, a conspic-
uous ornament on the wall of the
house between the main entrances,
until the erection of the new building,
when it was removed, for greater
safety from fire to the corridor of the
same, where it is studied with interest
by both members and visitors, and
its historic value will be more and
more fully recognized as the years
go by.
His service in 1885 was his only
legislative service in New Hampshire.
His name was several times brought
forward for the Democratic Congres-
sional nomination in the First District,
and he received a handsome support;
but the hostility of the existing
" machine" to any "new comer" of
whose control there was ground for
for doubt, was sufficient to preclude
the possibility of success for the
movement. Then, as in no small
degree at present, with all the
"progress" supposed to have been
made, corporation influence was dom-
inant in the affairs of both parties,
and no man could hope for preference
for any important place, not properly
endorsed by the controlling powers.
During the more recent years of
his life, the magnitude of his business
affairs in Washington and elsewhere,
and, latterly, the condition of his
health, precluded the long and fre-
quent visits to New Hampshire, in
which he had formerly indulged,
though scarcely a season passed when
his presence, for a time at least, in
his native state was not noted.
Endowed with a remarkable con-
stitution, the gift of his sturdy New
England ancestry, Mr. Hutchins, in
spite of his manifold activities, had
never known a day's sickness un-
til February, 1904, when overwork
and exposure during severe weather
232 The Granite Monthly
brought on a serious illness during mouth. Preeminently he was a man
which his life was despaired of. His who "did things," and almost invari-
recovery enabled him once more to ably did them well. With all his
give personal attention to his business firmness and determination, his vault-
affairs and during the next six years ing ambition and restless energy, he
he made many important additions was a man of kindly heart and gener-
to his realty holdings in Washington, ous impulses. His friendships were
A portion of the summer of 1905 he many and strong, his benefactions
spent on Governor's Island which he notable, his charities unlimited, but
again visited in 1908 and, for the last unadvertised. His manner was most
time, in September, 1910. In 1909 genial, his habits democratic. He
he went to Europe spending some lived generously and entertained with
months in Germany, England and a liberal hand. He was chiefly instru-
France, returning to Washington in mental in the establishment of the
December. Home for the Blind in Washington,
In March, 1911, he suffered an at- contributing the larger part of the
tack of cerebral hemorrhage, resulting cost of the building, gave the city the
in partial paralysis, from which he marble statue of Benjamin Franklin
never recovered; yet he lingered, which stands at the corner of Tenth
though several times seemingly at the Street and Pennsylvania Avenue,
point of death, until just before mid- and also the splendid bronze statue
night on the 21st of April, last, when, of Daniel Webster at the intersection
after many hours of complete uncon- of Sixteenth Street and Massachu-
sciousness, the end came and the setts Avenue, in the center of one
tired spirit, which in the zenith of its of the finest residential sections. He
powers knew neither rest not fatigue, was impelled to make the latter gift
was at final peace. through his conviction that the Web-
ster statue in the State House park
Stilson Hut chins was a vigorous at Concord, and its replica in the
and forceful speaker, as well as writer, rotunda of the Capitol at Washington,
His style was lucid, compact and do scant justice to the real figure of the
comprehensive, carrying both point great expounder of the Constitution
and weight. He might have achieved — New Hampshire's most- illustrious
the highest distinction, either as an son — for whom, having seen him in
editorial writer or a popular orator, his boyhood days, upon some notable
had he been content to bend his occasion, he entertained a measure
energies in such direction; but he of admiration and respect, bordering
was too full of restless energy and almost upon veneration,
the fire of action thus to confine Mention of these gifts of statues
himself. It was for him to plan, to brings to mind the fact that the
project and organize, to select the artistic temperament was developed
men to carry out the work contem- in Mr. Hut chins in a remarkable
plated, and leave to them the mere degree, manifesting itself particularly
mental drudgery or sustained effort in his rare judgment as to the real
requisite to the full accomplishment merit and value of both statuary
of his purposes, though he never failed and paintings. Of the worth of the
to maintain effective oversight of their latter he seemed to have instant
work. intuitive knowledge. In his extended
He was a man of great physical travel through the old world he visited
power and endurance, as well as all the famous art galleries, and his
intense mental activity, determined familiarity with the great master-
purpose and unbending will, as indi- pieces was noted among connois-
cated by his solid, well-set physique, seurs and experts. He bought exten-
large head, strong features, bright sively, both for his own delectation
expressive eye, square jaw and firm and the benefit of friends, always
Hon. Stilson Hutchins 233
relying upon his own judgment and three children — Walter Stilson, born
rarely, if ever, being deceived. at Des Moines, Iowa, August 10,
Some sons of New Hampshire have 1860; Lee, born in Dubuque, October
acquired more wealth; some have 2, 1862, and Clara, also born in
gained greater distinction in public Dubuque, February 13, 1866. The
or professional life; but, considering latter married Robert F. Rogers of
his life work "by and large," it can New York and died July 13, 1892
safely be said that few, if any, have leaving a daughter, Mildred, a grad-
accomplished more that has made uate of Radcliff e College, class of 1912.
for the material progress of the people Mrs. Teresa E. Hutchins secured
and the advantage of the world at a divorce in 1882, and has since lived
large than the earnest, active, deter- in her home in the town of Hopkinton,
mined man, who was born in com- N. H. Mr. Hutchins subsequently
parative poverty in an obscure town married twice.
of the "north country, " and departed Walter Stilson Hutchins, the elder
this life at the nation's capital son, the personal confidant, and close
seventy-three years later. business associate of his father for
Mr. Hutchins was married on ' over thirty years, a resident of Wash-
October 7, 1858 to Teresa E. Martin, ington, is the leading executor of
of Osage, Iowa, by whom he had his will.
THE CHANGED PRAYER
By Amy J. Dolloff
A woman, lonely, longing for a friend,
Loved one who seemed the loveliest of earth;
Loved her intensely, wholly, lavishing
The rich affection, — pent up, unexpressed
Thro' many years — upon this chosen one,
And every day she prayed with heart on lips:
"Almighty Father, keep my one friend true
To me who dost on her dear self rely
For help and comfort, yes and courage too,
Thro' life that without her would cheerless be.
Oh do not, do not let her ever fail!
Or else sweet life would lose its hold on earth;
The last strong cord that binds me here would snap;
Thy mercy, too, a dear delusion seem.
O, spare me God, I plead, so sore a rack!
And keep her faithful to our friendship's vow
And Thy Great Name forever, evermore,
I'll love and laud and praise and magnify."
The years went by till, like a crushing weight,
The knowledge came and could not be denied
That this supremely honored, precious one,
This gem of treasured love without a peer,
Had proved unto her friend unkind, untrue.
And when the cherished idol crumbling fell
The woman had no help, no refuge left.
And then despair o'erwhelmed — deep, blank despair.
234 The Granite Monthly
O'er reason's power a thick, dark veil was drawn.
But God the Merciful left her not long-
Alone in suffering, and soon her prayer became :
"Dear Lord and Master! falls the idol now
I raised in sin between Thyself and me.
Repenting, grieving, I return to Thee.
Wilt Thou not in great love forgive, receive,
And by Thine own sustaining power divine
Keep me, leaning on Thee, unto the end?
But O, my Father! in Thy gracious love
Look also on my dear but erring friend
And bring her back unto her better self,
For she is noble, alt ho' now she falls."
While she prayed thus the months and years rolled by;
Yet still, unmindful of the soul's protest,
The friend drew farther from the paths of peace,
Until the woman by her anguish torn
Cried: "Pitying Saviour, Thou canst do all things!
In Thee, in Thee alone, are rest and hope!
I pray not now for my unworthy self.
I even ask that Thou wilt cast me out
To utter darkness, everlasting, vast,
If thus her precious soul may rescued be.
O, by remembrance of Thy life on earth
When for the woes of men Thy tears did fall ;
By memory of Thy wrestlings fierce and long
When in Gethsemane Thou strove alone ;
By all the agony Thy tender heart
Hast ever known and felt for such as she
To my sad, tempted friend, O come, come Lord!
And to Thyself, O make her grandly true !
Not true to me nor to her failing self
But true and faithful, Holy Christ, to Thee!"
And the unselfish prayer by love inspired
Was heard and answered by the God of prayer.
Pure, whole and spotless then became the friend
Whose wanderings, forgiven, were blotted out.
And strong in strength that comes alone from God —
True by the power that flows from Fount of Truth —
She could no more to her own self be false
Nor false again to any other one.
New Hampton, N. H.
LOST RIVER
By J us/ us Conrad
Lost River is a name applied to a
series of caverns of comparatively
recent discovery in the northwestern
part of the town of Woodstock in the
beautiful and picturesque Kinsman
Notch. For more than half a century
the Kinsman Notch gorge has been
recognized as a deep ravine into
which at some remote age hundreds
of gigantic boulders of a fine quality
of granite had through some interior
disturbance of the earth been promis-
families, and his brother, Capt. Lyman
Jackman, now of Concord, N. H., to
whom belongs the honor of calling
the world's attention to what they
applied the name "The Lost River/'
surely the most appropriate name that
could be given it.
A careful examination of this hid-
den wonder of nature's mysterious
and pre-historic convulsion reveals
.wonders second to none in our state
of its nature, and to no other natural
About to Enter Lost River Gorge
cuously hurled into a deep gulch, the
result being that the little stream
known as the West Branch of the
Pemigewasset was buried for a quar-
ter of a mile near its source.
While it was known that this gorge
was more than an ordinary freak of
nature, the importance of this great
upheaval as a natural wonder was not
appreciated by the nature-loving pub-
lic until within recent years, when it
was carefully explored by Royal C.
Jackman of one of Woodstock's oldest
wonder unless it is the "Old Man of
the Mountain." It is located six
miles northwest of North Woodstock
village, and twenty miles southeast
from Woodsville, and can be reached
by automobile to within three miles
on either side, and then by a more
or less rough carriage road. This
carriage road connects the northern
end of the Pemigewasset Valley at
North Woodstock with the Ammonoo-
suc Valley at Wildwood, the construc-
tion of which was begun a few years
236
The Granite Monthly
ago, through the joint efforts of the
town of Woodstock and the State, but
afterward abandoned on account of
the State refusing further aid.
No pen picture, artist's brush or
photographer's camera can do jus-
tice to Lost River. No written arti-
cle or anything on canvas or paste-
board can, or ever will, show up the
darkness, the gorge must be visited,
explored and carefully studied. From
the standpoint of geological, minera-
logical and historical science The Lost
River gorge affords more food for
study than anything of like nature
in New Hampshire at least, and possi-
bly in New England.
It is not the purpose of the writer to
Royal C. Jackman
natural beauties or wonders that lie
hidden beneath the shadows of Kins-
man Notch, except in a very vague
manner. In order to appreciate in a
full sense the caverns, waterfalls, huge
blocks of granite, the numerous and
enormous pot holes probably formed
during the glacier period thousands
of years ago, and the deep recesses
through which the stream flows in
attempt a pen picture of Lost River
for, as before stated, no such picture
can do the subject matter justice, but
I will, however, briefly call attention
to the different points of interest,
trusting that those readers who have
not already visited the gorge will
endeavor to do so in the near future.
Among the thousand, and possibly
more, that have explored Lost River
Lost River
237
I have yet to learn of one that did
not feel highly repaid for the journey.
The gorge is entered at the northern
end where the stream plunges beneath
huge boulders and is lost from view
and is not seen again except in cav-
erns until it appears on the exterior
at "Elysian Land." Passing over a
series of bridges and ladders the visi-
people can gather and by use of a
torch view the little river as it glides
along beneath large boulders on the
northern side. At certain times of
day the light that comes in through
the crevices enables one to see his
shadow in the water, hence the name.
From this point we ascend a ladder
and come to the exterior where with
Capt. Lyman Jackman
tor descends to "The Hall of Ships,"
thirty feet below point of entrance.
This is a deep, narrow gorge resem-
bling somewhat "The Flume" of
Franconia Notch, and gets its name
from a large boulder that resembles
the stern of a ship leaving port. The
next is a "presto change" act through
a small tunnel into "Shadow Cave."
This is a large room in which fifty
a shudder we view "The Guillotine"
and pass swiftly on down, down over
another series of ladders into "The
Judgment Hall of Pluto," which is
fifty feet lower than the point of
entrance to the gorge. This is a room
in which the river again appears in the
shape of a large pool. The architec-
ture of this room is simply grand,
boulders of even' conceivable size and
238
The Granite Monthly
shape hanging from overhead. But
hark! What is that we hear? We lis-
ten, look, a torch is lighted, we rush
forward. There at the northern end
of the hall, back behind a gigantic
boulder, the "Falls of Proserpine" are
tumbling for twenty feet, while we
are showered with a cooling mist.
We retreat up, up the ladders and on
through the "Cave of the Shades"
and thence into "The Dungeon" and
rest in "The Hall of Lethe" (forget-
fulness). Here the shadows thrown
upon the water of the dungeon by the
sunlight streaming down through the
deep crevices produce a most beautiful
picture.
Again we retreat up a long ladder
and emerge into "Elysian Land" on
the exterior, where the river glides
gracefully along among the moss-
covered rocks soon to be lost, how-
ever, in the "The Center of the Earth
Cave." Again we pass over a series
of well-kept walks and bridges through
"Elysian Land" and hide ourselves
in the "King's Chamber," from
whence we can view by the use of a
torch the deep pool in the "Center of
the Earth Cave." This is a large cave
in which a small boat could float.
We pass next to the "Giant's Pot
Hole " which from a geological point of
view is one of the chief wonders of the
gorge. Here we rest and wonder, and
then pass on through "The Narrows"
and into the "Cave of Silence." While
not so picturesque as the others, this
cave is in some respects the most im-
pressive of any in the series, on ac-
count of the deep stillness. Not a
sound of the river can be heard except
the distant murmur of the falls as the
water escapes from its long imprison-
ment farther down the gorge. It is at
this point that the river is so much
lost that no one as yet has been able
to absolutely determine its exact
course.
We now enter the "Cave of Lost
Souls" and, while the name might
make us shudder, we continue on and
find that this is a continuous series of
rooms accessible to any that do not
mind a hard stunt. All things con-
sidered, this is the most wonderful
cave in the gorge. Retreating from
this cave with our souls still with us,
we climb to the "Upper Bridge" that
spans the gorge twenty feet above the
bottom. From this point we look
into "The Gulf" forty feet below into
Avhich the waters of "Paradise Falls"
tumble perpendicularly for twenty
feet. We pass to the "Lower Bridge "
that spans the gulf, from whence we
view the "Long Lost River" as it
emerges from the "Cave of Silence"
and the other caves beyond. This
view, looking up the gorge, is pro-
nounced by many to be the most
picturesque of any. We now ascend
from the gorge through a winding
path to "Point Lookoff." It is here
that a magnificent view of Kinsman
Notch and the distant Waterville
Range can be had. No notch in the
White Mountains affords such a grand
distant view as does Kinsman Notch
at Point Lookoff.
Thus the writer has made a feeble
effort to pen a brief picture of Lost
River, and now rests with the hope
in view that the effort will encourage
the Granite Monthly reader to pay
this wonderful gorge a visit and sub-
stantiate the assertion made at the
outset of this article that no pen or
brush can do justice to the subject
matter.
The future development of Lost
River seems to be an assured fact in
view of the great interest now being
taken by the Society for the Protec-
tion of New Hampshire Forests which
has acquired through the legacy of a
Dover, New Hampshire, lady, Mrs.
Caroline Martin, a tract of 148 acres
of land surrounding the gorge which
includes about 1,000,000 feet of prim-
eval timber on the northern slope of
the Notch. The Society has just
expended over S700 in clearing up the
debris, constructing walks, bridges,
paths and ladders; also in repairs on
the road, which work was supple-
mented by aid given by the town of
Woodstock.
July 17 last the Society visited the
gorge in large force. Many people
Lost River
239
Governor Bass and Party at "Paradise Falls," Lost River, July 17, 1912
Governor on bridge at right, Ex-Governor Quinby at left
240
The Granite Monthly
of national repute were present includ-
ing Mrs. Grover Cleveland and daugh-
ter Ruth who motored over from Tarn-
worth, their summer home. Among
other people of note were Gov. Bass,
Ex-Gov. Quinby and Ex-Gov. Frank
Rollins and his brother, E. W. Rol-
lins, Elwin L. Page, Allen Hollis,
Capt. Lyman Jackman and State
Forester E. C. Hirst of Concord.
The Society held a very enthu-
siastic meeting in the parlor of the
Deer Park Hotel in the evening, Gov.
Rollins presiding. The address of
welcome was made by Gov. Bass who
was followed by other speakers who
spoke glowingly of Lost River, among
them being Ex-Gov. Quinby, Mr. W.
R. Brown of the State Forestry Com-
mission, Elmer E. Woodbury of Wood-
stock, Montgomery Rollins and Prof.
Findley of Columbia College. The
work of the Society on the Lost
River Reservation and arrangements
for the Deer Park meeting were under
the direction of Mr. Philip W. Ayres,
Forester for the Society, who were un-
bounded interest in the development
of Lost River. In this work he has
been aided in no small measure by
the town of Woodstock.
The one important link now need-
ing welding in order to make the chain
of development complete is for the
state to aid in completing the road
begun a few years ago. When this is
done the beautiful but neglected
Kinsman Notch will come into what
has rightfully belonged to it for
years.
As testimony proving the great in-
terest now being taken in Lost River,
Mr. E. W. Rollins, a brother of Ex-
Gov. Rollins, has contributed a sum
not to exceed $1,000 for the purpose
of erecting a cabin for a shelter at
Point Lookoff, at the head of Lost
River Gorge.
When Lost River, the second in-
rank among the "Seven Wonders"
of the White Hills of New Hamp-
shire is properly developed, one long
stride will have been made in the con-
servation of these natural beauties
so richly bestowed upon our state by
the God of Nature.
THE DOOMED FLY
By Georgiana Rogers
Yes, we know you're "but a little fly,"
But, just the same, you're doomed to die.
We used to think you were quite harmless
Until the Scientist did inform us
That you're a "vile and vulgar creature"
And haven't "one redeeming feature;"
That you're filled with bad diseases
And you fling them to the breezes.
It's no use! We can't help fretting
While you're living and begetting,
So, little fly, you're doomed to die,
That's all.
And for you there's no "recall — "
That's all.
MEMORIES OF ANCIENT AND MODERN
GREECE
By F. B. Sanborn of Concord, Mass.
In the years 1890 and 1893 I visited
Greece, — in the first year spending
some five weeks there, and in 1893
nearly five months (Dec. 13, 1892—
May 3, 1893) there and in the regions
eastward. In both tours I saw much
of Greece and the Greeks, — of the
which I rambled along with my friend
Manattj the American Consul at
Athens, but for 20 years past, Greek
Professor at Brown University. Of
the more unmixed ancient Greek race
I saw the immortal works of art, very
impressive even in their fragmentary
An Athenian Lady
modern race (a very mixed one)
among thousands of the inhabitants
whom I met, at Athens, Corinth,
Patras, Argos, Xauplia, Tripolis,
Sparta, Olympia, Yolo, Constanti-
nople, Larissa, Pelion and Ossa, Chae-
ronea, Thebes, Tanagra, Chalcis, Del-
phi, Lebadeia, Cithaeron, Eleusis,
and Attica in general; over much of
state; and the little changed scenery
of their poesy and history, — their
brilliant skies, clear atmosphere, wide
and magically colored waters, pictur-
esque mountains and indescribably
splendid sunrises and sunsets. I had
read from boyhood in the literature
of Greece; beginning with Homer and
Plutarch, and going through, in college
242
The Granite Monthly
and afterward, with many of the his-
torians, philosophers, orators, drama-
tists and lyric and ethical poets. I
was therefore not ill-prepared for a
study of Greece on the spot; and had
been prepossessed in favor of the
modern Greeks by an early reading of
Byron, and a long acquaintance with
Dr. S. G. Howe, the American of all
others most familiar with Greece
between 1824, when he first landed
there, and 1867, when he organized
aid for the Cretan revolutionists of
ancestors had been the first historic
promoters. Their country was re-
covered piecemeal and in tattered
shreds, from the despots and monsters
that had torn it limb from limb; even
now the process of winning back the
islands and some portions of the main
lands is going on with a result for the
present uncertain and tantalizing.
Every now and then, in the flight of
centuries a new claimant comes
forward for some share in the spoil of
these fair lands. It was Persia, then
Stoa of the Athenians, West View, Delphi
that year, and resided there again
for the fifth and last time. The
Greeks of the present day have suf-
fered al) the misfortunes, except anni-
hilation, that a people can endure.
After ages of subjugation and of de-
grading slavery, they were recalled
to a nationality restricted, misap-
preciated, poverty-stricken, and from
time to time insulted and imperiled.
Over their despised heads were fought
the conflicts, often petty and humiliat-
ing, of that civilization of which their
Egypt, Rome, France, Venice, Turkey,.
Russia, England and now united
Italy, who has been capturing island
after island in the Archipelago; with
Austria in the background, waiting to
see what she can pick up in the next
division of the plunder. One begins,
under this condition of things, to ap-
preciate the sympathies of the small
boy who, looking at a savage picture
of Daniel in the Lion's Den, burst out
crying, "That poor little lion in the
corner isn't going to get one little bit."
Memories of Ancient and Modern Greece
243
The upshot of this long agony is
distinctly favorable to the kingdom of
Greece. She gains a little more ter-
ritory every twenty years, and her
honorable poverty is lightened a lit-
tle every ten years. Her agriculture
and forestry are better than they
were : her currency nearer par, her in-
dustries improved in methods, though
now suffering from too much emi-
gration; and her statesmanship more
forecasting and reasonable. Her pres-
ent premier, Venezelos, a Cretan, is
the superior of those who have
preceded him since I left Greece in
May, 1893, and he has the almost
unanimous support of the people, as
shown by the elections of two months
ago. His difficulties are great, especi-
ally the Cretan dilemma, in which the
contingency of war with Turkey
awaits the gratification of Crete's
dearest wish, — to be annexed to
Greece. And war with Turkey at this
time might involve one of those hide-
ous "sacred wars" which the Moslems
are forever threatening, and which
might involve the civilized world in
massacre and general carnage.
Looking over, of late, a large mass
of my correspondence with a deceased
sister, to whom I had been sending
letters for more than 60 years, I
found a few records of my rambles
in Greece amid the ancient memories
and recent discoveries, which have so
illustrated the prehistoric and legen-
dary centuries of Levantine existence,
I copy these fragments, which may be
worth publishing:
Tiryns and the Plain of Argos.
I March, 1890).
"Railway from Xauplia to Corinth,
March 31, 1890.
Dear Helen:
I have visited Tiryns this morning
before breakfast, as it lies on a low
hill in front of a considerable moun-
tain, about two miles north of Xaup-
lia, the port of the Plain of Argos,
on the Argolic Gulf. I had come
down by steamer from the Piraeus
two days ago, and spent yesterday at
Mycenae and Argos. going out early
by rail to Phyctia, the station nearest
to the citadel of Mycenae, where
Dr. Schliemann thinks he has dis-
covered the fossilized remains of no
less a chieftain than Agamemnon,
who led the Greeks at the ten years'
siege of Troy. The learned do not
share his belief; but he has certainly
found much in his excavations there
that throw light on the period in
which it has been customary to place
that fabulous siege. I roused the
phylax or guardian of the discoveries
at Mycenae about 8 a.m., three hours
before tourists began to arrive by
carriages from Nauplia and Argos;
and so had him all to myself for
several hours, and saw the graves,
the odd-looking cemetery in the cita-
del, where Agamemnon was unburied,
the Treasury of Atreus, the Lion-
Gate, and finally Agamemnon himself
in a rough wooden box under a simple
shed in the modern hamlet of Charvati
a third of a mile below the Citadel.
I had already seen and studied the
gold, silver, bronze and pottery im-
plements, weapons, masks, ornaments
etc., in the museum at Athens, where
I had been for three weeks before
starting on this excursion.
Tiryns is not very large, nor was
it a town, in our sense of the word, —
but rather in the Irish sense, — that
is, the residence of a chieftain, forti-
fied for his defence, in which he lived
with his wives and chief vassals, while
his people dwelt around and below
him, on the Plain of Argos, in mud-
built houses, or other perishable
homes. The fortress of Tiryns was
built for permanence, and its walls
remain untouched by fire, earthquake,
and the other destroyers of human
structures. Its history, except as
revealed by these ruins, is almost
blank; no inscriptions are found, and
unless in sonic picture or symbolic
alphabet, it is thought that its people
could not write Greek. The walls
are immense unhewn rocks, 26 feet
thick and from :->() to 50 feet high
with towers and a moat. The palace
on this foundation had water brought
into it from the neighboring moun-
244
The Granite Monthly
tain, and there was a bath-room about
twice as large as mine at Concord, of
which the blue marble floor is still
unbroken, with a spout at one corner
to carry off the waste water. Of this
palace nothing remains but the floors
and thresholds; the upper walls have
long since fallen and crumbled into
rubbish, and the lower galleries have
been used to lodge sheep, brigands,
tramps and wolves for centuries.
The whole castle covers about as
much space as what the Atlantic
in Troy. We have called on Madame
Schliemann at her home, which in-
cludes a museum of antiquities.
The town and Acropolis (Larissa)
of Argos, the latter 950 feet high, are
about five miles from Tiryns, due west
across the Plain, which at Argos soon
rises from a hillside slope, to higher
mountains. East of Tiryns, watered
by a stream, is perhaps two miles more
of this plain, which is therefore at
least seven miles wide in that place.
Farther north, around Mycenae, it
The Approach to Delphi from Itea
has not washed away of our "Boar's
Head" at Hampton Beach; and Naup-
lia is just about as far away as Hamp-
ton Village, and the old Toppan and
Moulton houses from Boar's Head.
The Citadel of Mycenae is a much
larger and higher "burg," backed by
a mountain; and it is believed that
Troy was a burg much like Mycenae,
but more solidly built and rebuilt.
Schliemann has excavated both, and
is now absent from his great marble
palace at Athens, extending his work
is wider in spots, — perhaps ten miles —
and its length north and south, from
the seashore by Nauplia, is perhaps
15 miles, much of it green with wheat
and barley, and dotted with stone
windmills, not unlike the Old Mill at
Newport; which, in this breezy day
are busy grinding last year's grain.
This grain-growing, horse-breeding
plain is thus a respectable county
in itself, — containing 120 square
miles; and with mountain slopes and
narrow valleys beyond and around,
Memories of Ancient and Modern Greece 245
aggregating possibly 100 miles more, the substitution of some mineral for
It is probable that the prehistoric the real teeth.*
Pelasgian chief of Tirvns once ruled ,T TI .,. 7 _ TI
all this territory; as Agamemnon may A emea> Hexamiha and Dr. Howe
have done a thousand years later; Later, (11.30 a.m.,). We have ad-
but we know nothing about that, nor vanced some 20 miles from Nauplia,
much that can be reckoned historical and are now among the mountains
about that king himself or his Cly- beyond the Plain of Argos, in which
temnestra. Hercules slew the Nemean lion, three
I will report a conversation between miles east of our railway track. We
me and the phylax yesterday forenoon, have left the Plain five miles behind
as he was showing me the alleged us, and are entering on a smaller and
grave of that queen, outside the cita- more uneven terrace, some 500 feet
del, in the bottom of which an higher up; not so fertile, but still
anemone was blooming which he cultivated, and, as we are not far
gathered for me. Our talk was from Arcadia, with many flocks and
mainly in French, for my modern shepherds. This terrace or plain
Greek, though sufficient for reading extends, winding about, for some eight
books and the daily newspapers, of miles, and to beyond St. Basil, the
which Athens has many, did not next station north. In coming to
answer for learned converse, — and Nemea, we ascended a steep grade
my guide and philosopher, though his through a famous and deadly pass,
suit was a patched blue cotton drill- where Colocotroni, Dr. Howe's old
ing, such as in New Hampshire is worn enemy, met and slaughtered the
for overalls, was a man of real scholar- Turks, with their horses and camels,
ship. As he escorted me to the grave in 1822, before Howe arrived in Greece
of the vengeful mother of Iphigenia, It was near the Corinth end of this
he pointed downward and said line that Howe, in the spring of 1829
' Tombeau de Madame Agamemnon? established his colony of Greek refu-
I looked at him 'significantly,' as gees at Hexamilia, where the Isthmus
novelists say, and replied, 'No, of of Corinth is just six miles wide, —
Madame Aegisthus'. At once he hence the name. I found at a lib-
fell back on Greek for repartee, and rary in Athens the printed correspond-
said, 'fipeita, alia kakoos'; 'After- ence between Howe and Capo d'ls-
ward, — but she made a bad job of trias, regarding the land which the
it.' The remains of Agamemnon are Greek government gave Howe for his
a puzzle. It seems like a petrifica- colony, and concerning which he had
tion, and perhaps is a fossil. A very so much vexation. It was through
thin semblance of the human figure this region of mountain and plain
and face, on the surface of a mass of that he used to journey by day and
stone, — the face, when found, covered night procuring supplies from Nauplia
with a thin gold mask, having rather and Argos for his poor colonists,
majestic features, — but of which on In one of these journeys he exposed
the stone itself, the most striking himself to malaria, and had a danger-
feature is a conspicuous row of teeth, ous fever; on recovering from which
seemingly perfect as in life, — but he left Greece, was quarantined in
probably, in truth, a petrification by Malta, and proceeded through Italy
*Professor Manatt sends me this footnote: "You should give a footnote on that petri-
fied Agamemnon. The full account found in Schliemann's Mycenae reads thus (pp.
296-298): 'To my great joy, it held out (i. c, did not crumble to pieces) for two days, when
a druggist from Argos, Spiridon Nicolaou by name, rendered it hard and solid by pouring
on it alcohol in which he had dissolved gum-sandarac' He then tells of .the difficulty of
cutting it out, boxing, and transporting it to the village of Charvati, whence it was to be
forwarded to the Athens Museum. Query: Is it in the Mvcenae room there? I cannot re-
call it. It was still at Charvati, April, 1893. F. B. S."
216
The Granite Monthly
and Switzerland to Paris, where, the
next year, he took part with Lafayette
in the July Revolution, which made
the Marquis for a few days the dic-
tator of France. By the 8th of
March, 61 years ago, Dr. Howe and
his Scotch friend David Urquhart
were at Hexamilia with 100 poor
Greeks at work there, clearing up the
ruins of war; and seven families had
arrived, and were putting up their
little cabins. By May 21, he had
return to Athens by Lebadea, Chae-
ronea and Thebes.
3. I tea, Delphi and Arachova
Itea, 9.30 p.m. Here we are at
the foot of Parnassus, on our way to
Delphi, but compelled to pass the
night in this noisy and filthy village,
for want of horses to go on up through
the Sacred Grove of olives to the vil-
lage above, by moonlight, which is
lovely tonight. My sail with the
Dr. Schliemann's Palace at Athens
nearly 300 persons there, and 15
comfortable houses built, with much
land planted, and everything but
Howe's own health doing well. The
Colony was four miles from old
Corinth, and near the port of Cen-
chreae, but I have not yet been able
to find and visit it. In Corinth I
am to meet Profs. Orris of Princeton
and Perrin of Yale, and go with them
up the Gulf to Itea in a Greek steamer,
for a visit to Delphi, on the side of
Parnassus, tomorrow, and then a
two American Greek professors from
Corinth, (50 miles) was calm and
beautiful, — but Itea is a dirty little
fishing port, and we are obliged to
sleep three in a room, and to hear
the carousal of gamblers and topers
half the night. In the morning early
we start for Delphi in a carriage
brought over from Salona, an ascent
on a good road for ten or 12 miles.
Delphi, Noon, April 1. The road up
which we were driven hither is an
excellent one, winding up around the
Memories of Ancient and Modem Greece
247
foot-hills and steeper slopes of Par-
nassus, for 12 miles, three of which
were old, and the other nine just
built by the State. As we alighted
at the Castalian Fountain, the peas-
ant women were raking off the
last pebble stones. We asked who
built this fine highway, and were
answered, 'E kyvernesis, (the Gov-
ernment) ' ; then, lest we should mis-
take the king for the administration,
it was hastily added, 'Tricoupes'; for
varying view as we ascended. Here
we are 2,000 feet above the Gulf of
Corinth, and above us the shining
crags of Parnassus rise in view 1,000
feet more while the summit, invisible
here, is 8,000 feet above sea-level,
and still has patches of snow. Below
us on the opposite side from where
the Castalian waters come down a
cleft in the rocks, a valley sinks sheer
down 1,000 feet, green with wheat
and olive trees, and on the slopes of
Column of the Naxians, Delphi
F. B. Sanborn and Prof. Orris in the Middle Ground
that real statesman and his active
and political sister Sophia, were then
governing, and we had seen them at
their house and in the Parliament in
Athens. I had indeed gathered some
early anemones and presented them
with a sonnet, to Miss Sophia. Had
.we walked up from Itea our foot
way would have been steeper, but
shorter, hardly more than seven miles.
We paid for our drive of not quite
three hours, 96 cents each, or $2.88
for the party, and greatly enjoyed the
the mountain on that side, towards
the village of Arachova, shining ledges
and boulders of many colors lie bask-
ing in the April sun, like huge animals.
The modern village of Kastri,
perched above the old temples and
theater, is wretchedly small, with
some 300 villagers, among whom are
several pretty children, and at least
one beautiful girl, whom we found
spinning on her grandmother's long
distaff, near the Fountain Delphyssa,
where a dozen women were washing
248
The Granite Monthly
on a Tuesday. Iouletta, — Juliet, —
such was her pleasing name, — being
asked if she would part with her
ancient distaff, said she had a better
one in her home; and tripped away
to her cabin to fetch it. When
brought, it proved to be a new, short,
lemon-wood thing, painted, — not like
her old one, carved and heart-shaped
at the upper end ; evidently a wedding
distaff, made from a fir tree cut on
Parnassus; and this she agreed to sell
for three drachmas, which then, in
paper money, were worth 50 cents.
So I bought it and we went off to dine
with the phylax in his wooden mu-
seum, of two stories, in which he
lived, cooked meals and had beds
for tourists. We made a good dinner
of chicken, but decided to pass on to
Arachova for the night, where was
said to be a good inn, — which we did
not find, but a verj'" indifferent one,
where however we passed the night
with some comfort, though but little
food.
Returning to the Delphic ruins
after dinner, we were beset by spin-
ning women who wished to sell their
distaffs. As I had paid three
drachmas, at first they were offered
for that, then for two, and at last
for one; but there was none but my
treasure which was worth buying.
I carried it like a sword, and it often
passed for one. We explored the
terraced town for such ruins as were
then above ground, and even in a
cellar we found some of the seats of
the small theater, which Prof. Perrin
photographed, along with two of the
fountains, two views of the Stoa of the
Athenians, one of the Naxian Column,
and a general view of the city, as we
approached by the new road from
Itea. Delphi is a succession of ter-
races, like the seats of a Greek theatre,
and lies in the open sunlight in one
of the most picturesque, wild spots
in the world, and for 1,000 years
was the sanctuary of a race's bright-
est religion and most oracular shrine.
We leave it with regret, to return to
Eleusis and Athens through Beotia,
down the eastern side of Parnassus,
and finally through a pass of Mt.
Cithaeron and the Thriasian Plain."
When I returned to Greece in De-
cember, 1892, the French had begun
their excavations and discoveries at.
Delphi; the old village of Kastri
had been removed. I expected to
revisit it ; and also to explore the oppo-
site side of Parnassus, where, in a
cavern high up on the mountain, near
Velitsa, the Greek chieftain of the
Revolution, Trelawny's intimate
friend Odysseus, made his fortress,
which Trelawny stocked with arms
and ammunition, and where he was
in 1825 nearly assassinated by Fenton
and WThitcombe, British desperadoes
in the pay of the enemies of Odysseus,
who was himself murdered in his
prison on the Acropolis of Athens.
I afterwards searched out his grave in
Athens. But I was prevented by acci-
dent from visiting Parnassus again.
THE "OLD HOME" CALL
By Earl Anderson
Come back! Come back to the hills of home;
Come back to the fields of green ;
Come back to the dancing brooklet's side
And the fair lake's rippling sheen!
Come back to the ''Old New Hampshire Home,'
Where warm hearts fondly wait;
Come back for a breath of the olden cheer
And strength for any fate!
A LEGEND OF OLD DURHAM
By Theodora Chase
Long years ago, in Durham,
Hard by the Little Bay,
And facing Old Piscataqua,
A peaceful valley lay.
And there a fort was standing
For use in Indian raid,
Where all could flee for safety,
And battle unafraid.
One night when all was darkness,
And stars shone bright and clear,
The people of the hamlet
Awoke in deadly fear.
The women shrieked in terror
As they heard the frightful yell
Of painted warriors, savage,
While brave men 'round them fell.
And one man heard the tumult
At the fort beside the stream,
He heard the Indian war cry
And children's frightened scream!
Thought he, "To my poor neighbors
Xo succor can I give
But I may save the garrison
For those who yet shall live."
So he gathered wife and children
And his mother to his side,
"Now get you to the boat," he said,
"But I will here abide.
Dear Bridget, flee to Newington,
Across the river row
While I here hold the garrison
'Gainst this inhuman foe."
Quoth Bridget then, with flashing eyes,
"I'll never leave your side!
Till all the enemy have fled,
With you I will abide!
I too can fire a musket,
I am no coward, sir!
Think you I'll flee my life to save?
Xo, not one step I'll stir!"
"The children tender," pleaded he,
"No mercy has the foe,
Most cruel tortures, if I fall,
These babes must undergo.
250 The Granite Monthly
And the mother on whose bosom
My infant head was laid
I fear not my own tortures,
But for these I am afraid !
"Now Bridget show your courage
By doing as I say,
You'll do me better service
By this, than if you stay;
So kiss me, dear brave helpmate
And row the boat across
While I deceive the Red men
Lest they should know our loss,"
With tears and lamentations
The valiant wife obeyed
While Thomas in the fortress
The savage foemen stayed.
From place to place, he sped along
And firing as he ran,
By constant change of coat and hat,
He seemed another man.
So many voices did he feign
So many aspects show,
"The garrison is fully manned!"
Cried out the baffled foe.
Quite breathlessly they ran away
Not once they looked behind
And Thomas Bickford held the fort
Alone, by force of mind.
Beside the tranquil stream they lie,
The white men and the red,
Their ashes mingle in the dust,
Their loves and hatreds dead.
But valiant deeds can never die,
And while the river flows,
While sunlight floods the distant hills,
And light breeze o'er them blows,
The little child at mother's knee
Shall hear in simple phrase
How Thomas Bickford saved the fort
In early Indian days.
RECOLLECTIONS OF AN OLD HOUSE
By George Wilson Jennings
It was during a journey northward
some years ago that an opportunity
was afforded me of visiting for the
first time an old Colonial house of
which I had often heard in my child-
hood and had longed in vain to
realize. It was then called, as I
remember, the Ebenezer Smith Home-
stead. It stands on the main street
of Durham, Hampshire, and is of
simple architecture, with no adorn-
gladly availed myself of this privilege
of surveying the spacious gardens,
which still preserved their Eighteenth
century primness, and the broad ter-
races that swept down from the high
road which formed the boundary of
the estate.
The interior of this ancient dwelling
is not less notable for its simplicity
of arrangement and detail. In the
entrance hall a fine stairway winds
Ebenezer Smith Homestead, Durham
ment save its entrance, a portico
which has been pronounced by emi-
nent Boston architects to be one of
the most beautiful and perfect of its
type in all New England.
As the ponderous front door swung
open in answer to my knock I found
myself in the presence of a venerable
lady who smilingly recognized the
credentials I had brought and ex-
tended to me not only the most cor-
dial of greetings, but also the freedom
of the house and grounds, and I
round a massive chimney to the
upper chambers. Under one of the
landings I noticed two leathern fire
buckets lettered in green with the
name, "E. Smith, 1775."
To the left is the parlor, a low-
studded room, the walls paneled on
one side to the ceiling. On the other
hand hangs the portrait of Ebenezer
Smith by Copley. The furniture
is of rich old mahogany, odorous
with age and mostly of haircloth
covering; the effect being severe,
252
The Granite Monthly
almost chilling, with the suggestion of
Puritan influence, relieved by evi-
dences of worldly taste. Between
the two front windows hangs
a rare and beautiful mirror and
a Chippendale card table, exquisitely
inlaid.
An ante-room, containing another
staircase of the early New England
style, divides the parlor from the
living-room, a large square apartment
which faces the east and is lighted by
many windows which, for greater
security, are provided with inside
folding blinds. The wall paper is of
the medalion pattern, representing
figures on horseback, stage coaches at
full speed and distant landscapes, the
quaint design harmonizing with the
cheerful aspect of the apartment.
In the corner stands an old clock,
a wedding present to Ebenezer Smith
from his father, and which a tablet
informs us, was made by "C. Howse,
London, England, 1774." It is in a
fine state of preservation and, after
one hundred and twenty-five years,
still keeps perfect time.
As every one knows, trie living-
room in New England houses is the
principal apartment in the house.
Here the weddings of the family were
celebrated, receptions were held, and
here gathered intimate friends upon
the occasion of important family
events. At one time the walls were
covered with shelves containing rare
and valuable books, and comprising
a collection not to be surpassed in
point of selection by many of the
choicest private libraries in New
England.
The old prints on the wall repre-
sented "A View of Wilton in Wilt-
shire, the Seat of the Rt. Hon. Earl
of Pembroke, Published according to
Act of Parliament March the 1st,
1759," and "View of the Canal and
of the Gothic Tower in the Garden of
His Grace, The Duke of Argyl at
Whitten, printed for Robert Sayer in
Fleet Street, John Boydell in Cheap-
side, Henry Parker in Cornhill, Car-
rington Bowles, in St. Paul's Church-
yard."
Ascending the ancient stairway to
the sleeping rooms, I was delighted
not only to find them well lighted and
of ample dimensions, but that the
guestchamber was furnished with a
highpost bedstead of English birch,
mahogany highboy and the ancient
hood chair, the scene before me
being a veritable reflex of the Colo-
nial period. All of the upper rooms
were similarly furnished.
By the courtesy of my hostess I
was shown an old family record
which informed me that Ebenezer
Smith, (the grandfather of the present
occupant was born in Loubberland,
Oyster River, in New Hampshire, in
1758. He attended the school of
Master Moody at Byfield, Mass.,
until he was 17 years old; that he
pursued the study of law in the office
of Mr. Sullivan, afterwards General
John Sullivan, until the breaking out
of the Avar when he followed his
patron to the field, becoming and
remaining his aide-de-camp until peace
was declared; that, returning to
Durham, he resumed his studies, was-
admitted to the bar and subsequently
became a prominent jurist and was
offered a seat on the bench of the
Superior Court which, however, he
declined, preferring the quiet routine
of his practice and the seclusion of
his home to the cares and respon-
sibilities of a judicial career. His
father was Deacon Ebenezer Smith,
who was born in England in 1712.
His mother was Margaret Weeks
of Stratham, New Hampshire. Tra-
dition has it that the earliest ancestor
of the family in Durham, New Hamp-
shire, was George Smith of Wil-
loughby, Lancashire, England. That
the family had dwelt for some 200
years at Old Haugh, in the County
of Chester, being related to the Hat-
tons of the same county, but who
afterwards removed to the county of
Lincolnshire.
Among the heirlooms of the Smith-
Hatton family, handed down through
successive generations and until lately
in the possession of a direct descend-
ant, is the Hatton Coat of Arms, a
Recollections of an Old House
253
Coat of Mail, a silver tankard and a
set of silver buttons, an old silver
watch marked "Thomas Jones, Lon-
don," and an old cutlass, which were
brought from England at the time of
the emigration of Ebenezer Smith 1st.
In June, 1825, the windows of the
old house looked upon an unusual
pageant in the quiet streets of the
old New England town, for the local
military had been called upon to wel-
come General Lafayette who, in a
tour of the states, was passing through
Durham, with an escort. In the
record of the event the full name of
the soldier statesman was mentioned
as the Marquis Maril-Paul Roch
Xves-Guilbert Mottiers de Lafayette.
The stars and stripes and the French
tri-colors floated together, and an
address was read by one of the
Selectmen from the steps of the Town
Hall, to which Lafayette responded
with much feeling in the following
address :
Amidst the continued emotions of my
happy journey to the United States I cannot
but be particularly affected by the circum-
stances that recall to my mind dear and solemn
recollections — such as on this day, my visit to
the town of Durham, X. H. Here as you
observe was the residence of the excellent
patriot and soldier Scammell, my personal
friend; here now slumber the remains of my
illustrious friend and brother, Major General
Sullivan. So, sir, among the kind references
to past times, for which I am much obliged to
you, I have marked the name of Brandywine
— a battle where I fought under Sullivan's
immediate command.
I am highly flattered and gratified, sir,
by the affectionate welcome I received from
the Selectmen and people of Durham and
while I most cordially enjoy these so very
friendly testimonies of their esteem and friend-
ship, I beg them and you, sir, to accept my
respectful acknowledgments and goodwishes.
(Durham, New Hampshire, June 23, 1825.)
Lafayette.
Paul Jones visited this house and
town on his way to take command of
the America, but upon his return to
Portsmouth, N. H., the ship was
turned over to the French govern-
ment. L'pon this visit Ik1 presented
Mrs. Smith with a gold and blue
enameled locket which is still in pos-
session of the family.
Gen. John Sullivan was here a fre-
quent guest, and the close friendship
continued between Mr. Smith and
Mr. Sullivan until the latter's death
in 1795.
Mr. Ezekiel Webster, a brother of
Daniel Webster, was many times in
Durham and a guest at the home of
Mr. Smith. In Mr. Smith's diary
having the date of 1785 he writes,
"My old friend, Ezekiel Webster,
has been our guest for a fortnight.
His visits are at all times full of in-
terest. He has related to us about
his trip through northern New Hamp-
shire and a visit to his birthplace at
Salisbury, N. H."
Durham was ever patriotic, not
only in the struggles with the forces
of King Philip, of the Wampanoags,
when led by a Frenchman, they en-
tered the town and massacred many
of the inhabitants before they were
finally repulsed; in the Revolutionary
War, as related above, in the case of
General Sullivan and his aide-de-camp
Ebenezer Smith; but also in the Civil
War, when a number of her prominent
citizens responded to the first call for
volunteers. No less than fifty of
Durham's sons went into active serv-
ice in the War of the Revolution,
twenty of whom lost their lives.
Among the officers of high rank were
Adams, Sullivan and Scammell, all of
whom were from Durham. In 1860
Durham did not fail her country, but
sent her men to help save the Union
from dismemberment. Of Durham's
soldiers some returned to their homes
maimed for life. Two noble and
brave men should be especially men-
tioned— Henry B. Mellen and David
O. Davis. Others gave their lives,
one of whom was George Pendergast
of the 2nd N. H. Co. D, who was
killed at Williamsburg, Va., and was
the first soldier to be buried in
Durham.
As I turned to leave the old house
254
The Granite Monthly
I could not forbear musing on the sad
story of one of its former inmates, a
daughter of the household over whose
bright and untroubled life fell a
shadow, almost at the threshold of
womanhood. A happy engagement,
the approach of her wedding, the
sudden recall to the West of her
lover, a rising young lawyer, on im-
portant family business and of whom
thereafter no tidings were ever re-
ceived, it being supposed that he met
his death at the hands of the Indians
on his return journey. Renouncing
the pleasures of the world and being
seldom seen afterwards except in the
seclusion of her home, this brilliant
and accomplished lady passed the
remainder of her life in doing kind-
nesses to the unfortunate and dis-
pensing all of her available means in
ministering to the needs of others
until her death.
As I bade farewell to the old Colo-
nial town I recalled to mind the words
of one of its life-long residents, the
Rev. Henry S. Talbot, in a reminis-
cence of Durham dated 1873 and
hitherto unpublished, as follows:
"Here have resided families of
wealth and distinction whose repre-
sentatives have been identified with
the stirring events of the Eighteenth
and Nineteenth centuries. Possessed
of a wide experience of travel and
study, both at home and abroad —
artists, writers and teachers, well-to-
do farmers, under whose roof-trees
were to be found the ideals of home
comfort and refined hospitality. For
generations a community of honor-
able men and noble women, held to-
gether by a bond of sympathy — -
clannish, if you will, yet requiring
only occasion to break through the
bars of conventionality. But alas —
the social fabric which appeared to be
permanent as the granite of our native
hills, has vanished and the ancient
landmarks are removed, leaving
scarcely a trace behind. What seemed
to be founded on a rock was built
upon a stream — the stream of time,
under the power of whose onward
flow it has fallen apart, piecemeal,
like a ship beaten by repellant waves.
Houses which seemed to lack not in
stability have disappeared. Homes
which seemed to be dwelling-places
for all generations, have passed into
the hands of strangers. You knock
at the door and they who once wel-
comed you are no longer there. As
you turn sadly away you meet stran-
gers only. Familiar faces are no-
where to be seen and the old families
are for the most part gone — their
memories and examples alone remain,
memories to cherish, examples to
follow."
AN IDLE HOUR
By Beta Chapin
Upon the slope, the green hillside,
I rest beneath my quercus tree ;
I view the prospect stretching wide,
The vernal hills so fair to see.
Serene southwest! Far, far away,
What pleasant thoughts are mine today!
What scenes are there among those hills.
What rural habitations neat;
What flowing streams, what laughing rills,
What flowery meadows, green and sweet;
X< crology
255
What maple groves, and groves of pine,
And tillage fields and orchards fine!
And so, beneath my quercus tree,
I pass an idle hour away;
In thought I wander far and free,
Upon this gladsome summer day,
While gentle breezes, soft and bland,
Are wafted from that lovely land.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
JESSE B. HYLAND, M. D.
Dr. Jesse B. Hyland, a leading physician
and surgeon of Cheshire County, died at his
home in Keene, July 11, 1912.
Dr. Hyland was a son of Reuben and Clar-
issa (Andrews) Hyland, born in Arlington,
Vt., June 18, 1862. His father was for many
years roadmaster of the Cheshire railroad,
and after its consolidation with the Fitchburg
system continued in charge of the division in a
similar capacity. Dr. Hyland spent most of
his boyhood in Keene, where he attended the
public schools, graduating from the high
school in the class of 1880. He then took a
special course at Harvard college, in chemistry,
afterwards entering the Harvard medical
school, from which he graduated in the class
of 1884. He first located at Palmer, Mass., but
soon after returned to Keene, where' in a few
years he had established a large and success-
ful practice, which he held through life. He
took an active interest in politics and in city
affairs, being identified for a long time with
the Republican party. He was twice elected
a member of the board of education of Union
school district and was chosen a member of
common council in 1904 and of the board of
aldermen in 1905. He was a past master of
the Lodge of the Temple and a member of all
the Masonic bodies in Keene and of the New
Hampshire consistory of Scottish Rite Ma-
sons, in which he had received the 32d degree.
He was also a member of the Cheshire county,
the New Hampshire and the American med-
ical associations.
From its inception nearly twenty years
ago Dr. Hyland was deeply interested in the
Elliot City Hospital and served with much
ability on its staff and also as instructor in the
training school for nurses which is a part of
the institution.
While practicing in Palmer, Mass., Dr.
Hvland was married to Anna Alberta Whit-
comb, daughter of Albert S. Whitcomb of
Keene, who survives him, together with one
son, Carl A. of Medford, Mass., and two
daughters, Winona and Christine, the former
a student at Simmons college.
HON. JOHN B. MORRILL
Hon. John B. Morrill, of Gilford, Judge of
Probate for the County of Belknap, died at
his home, July 4, 1911.
Mr. Morrill was a son of the late Hon. John
J. and Nancy Sanborn Morrill, born in Gil-
ford, November 11, 1854, and was educated
at the Gilford High School and Dartmouth
College, graduating from the latter in 1879.
He resided at the old home, and had served
his town as representative in 1895 and 1899
as well as in the Constitutional Convention of
1889. He was serving his sixth term as
Commissioner of Belknap County, and was a
member of the special tax commission of
1908. He was appointed Judge of Probate in
May, 1899. He was active in Masonry and
in Republican politics.
His wife, formerly Miss Mary S. Rowe, of
Gilford, died five years ago.
CHARLES H. DICKINSON
Charles H. Dickinson, a prominent citizen
of Bristol, died at his home in that town,
June 22, 1912.
He was born in the town of Hill, April 7,
1844, and there resided till 1871, when he
removed to Bristol and engaged in trade as
a dealer in boots and shoes and gents' fur-
nishing goods, in which business he was
successful, but of late had given attention to
lumbering and real estate. He was promi-
nent in Masonry, had been town treasurer
eighteen years and represented the town in
the Legislature of 1895.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
"The White Hills in Poetry — An Anthol-
ogy. Edited by Eugene R. Musgrove,
with an introduction by Samuel M.
Crothers, and with illustrations from
photographs. Boston and New York.
Houghton Mifflin Co. The Riverside
Press, Cambridge, 1912."
Such is the title page inscription of one of the
most beautiful volumes of choice poetry that
ever came from the press. As its title in-
dicates, it is a compilation of the best things
ever said in verse of our grand mountains
of the north, their sentinel foothills, the
sparkling rivers, born in their embrace, and
the silvery lakes in whose waters their beau-
ties are mirrored. Their compiler is a son of
New Hampshire, himself richly endowed with
the poetic instinct, and the various authors of
the one hundred and thirty-seven different
selections presented either lived within the
State or were familiar with its unsurpassed
natural attractions. If there be some re-
gretable omissions, like the splendid tribute
of William Cant Sturoc, "the bard of Suna-
pee," to the charming lake whose glassy
waters his home overlooked — "Sweet Gran-
ite 'Katrine' of this Mountain Land" — the
wonder is that so much of real merit and so
little dross have been included in this elegant
little volume of 395 16mo. pages, daintily
set in flexible seal cover, and richly worth the
price of $1.75 to any one who loves the beau-
ties of "Our Mountain Land," especially
when set forth in terms of genuine poetry.
"Old Home Week" in New Hampshire
opens Saturday, August 17, continuing till
Friday night of the week following. During
this time there will be "Old Home Day"
gatherings, with appropriate exercises in many
of the towns throughout the state, and in
a large proportion of these the church serv-
ices on Sunday will be in recognition of this
great reunion festival season. At Rollins
Park, in Concord, there will be a special union
service at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, under the
auspices of the Board of Trade and the local
Y. M. C. Associations, at which the speakers
will be the Rev. Dr. A. H. Morrill of Franklin,
the Prohibition candidate for Governor, and
Rev. A. H. Wheelock, of Marlboro, Mass.,
chaplain of the Massachusetts State Grange.
The second general primary in this state,
for the nomination of party candidates for
Governor, Representatives in Congress, Coun-
cilors, Senators, Representatives in the Gen-
eral Court, County Officers, Moderators and
'Supervisors of Check Lists, will be held on the
"first Tuesday in September. For the guber-
natorial nomination only one candidate in each
party has filed — Franklin Worcester, of Hol-
ilis, Republican, and Samuel D. Felker, of
Rochester, Democrat. The same is true as to
the Congressional nomination in each dis-
trict, Cyrus A. Sulloway, Republican, and
Eugene E. Reed, Democrat, in the First
District, and Frank D. Currier, Republican,
and Raymond B. Stevens, Democrat, in the
Second, being the only recorded aspirants,
and as a matter of course, being practically
sure of nomination. The situation is to be
enlivened, and rendered decidedly interesting
if not exciting, as the public is authoratively
informed, by the nomination by petition,
after the primary, of candidates for Governor
and Members of Congress by the "Roose-
veltians," or third party progressives, and
such other candidates as may then be
deemed advisable by the managers of that
organization. It is evidently the purpose
of these latter to throw the election of Gov-
ernor into the legislature to be disposed of
along with the Senatorship and State offices,
and to hold, themselves, the balance of power
in that body.
"S. J. H.," in a recent issue of the Boston
Transcript, reproduces the lines of the old
rhyme, familiar to the school boys of two and
three generations past, running as follows:
You'd scarce expect one of my age
To speak in public on the stage;
And if I chance to fall below
Demosthenes or Cicero,
Don't view me with a critic's eye,
But pass my imperfections by.
Large straws from little fountains flow;
Tall oaks from little acorns grow;
And though I now am small and young,
Of judgment weak and feeble tongue,
Yet all great learned men like me
Once learned to read their A. B. C.
But why may not Columbia's soil
Rear men as great as Britain's Isle —
Exceed what Greece and Rome have done,
Or any land beneath the sun?
Mayn't New Hampshire boast as great
As any other Federal State?
Or where's the town, go far and near,
That does not find a rival here?
Or where's the boy, but three feet high
Who's made improvement more than I?
These thoughts inspire my youthful mind
To be the greatest of mankind;
Great, not like Caesar, stained with blood,
But only great as I am good.
What makes the lines of special New
Hampshire interest is the fact that they were
written in the State, to be recited by a seven
year old grammar school boy, the author
being David Everett, a native of Princeton,
Mass., then teaching in the town of New
Ipswich, where the boy in question was at-
tending school.
ELISHA RHODES BROWN
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No.
9
SEPTEMBER, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 9
ELISHA RHODES BROWN
A Leader in New Hampshire Finance
By John Scales, A.M.
Elisha Rhodes Brown, third son
and fourth child of Colville Dana
and Mary Eliza (Rhodes) Brown, was
born in Providence, R.I., 28 March,
1847. The family removed to Dover,
N. H., in 1850, and he has continued
to reside in this city ever since, being
practically a native of the city. He
was educated in the public schools
here, and although not a college
graduate he is a well read and schol-
arly man having a large and carefully
selected library at his house. He
began his business life, as many of his
ancestors did, as clerk in a store; as
such he served four years in the dry
goods store of Trickey & Bickford
in Dover. On 10th December. 1867,
Mr. Brown commenced his banking
career as teller in the Strafford Na-
tional Bank, with which he has been
connected continuously for nearly
forty-five years. He served as teller
eight years. January 1, 1876 he was
elected cashier. Ten years later,
12 January, 1886, he was elected one
of the directors of the bank; June
30, 1890 he was elected vice-president ;
April 26, 1897, he was elected presi-
dent, which office he has held con-
tinuously to the present time (1912).
Mr. Brown was elected one of the
corporators of the Strafford Savings
Bank, 25 March, 1876; trustee 31,
March, 1883; vice-president 24 March,
1890; president 21 October, 1891,
which office he has held continuously
to the present time.
Mr. Brown has been a busy and
efficiently hard worker in connec-
tion with these banks, but outside
of that he has been actively identified
with many other important enter-
prises. He was director in the Man-
chester and Lawrence, Dover & Win-
nipiseogee, West Amesbury Branch,
Eastern New Hampshire and Ports-
mouth and Dover Railroads. He is
now director of the Concord & Ports-
mouth Railroad, and Maine Central
Railroad. He was director of the
Cocheco Manufacturing Company at
the time of its sale to the Pacific Mills
Company. In these various director-
ships he was an active member of the
companies, and his good judgment and
keen foresight had much influence in
their successful management. His
ability as a banker and business
manager are widely known.
Governor Sawyer and Council ap-
pointed Mr. Brown the Commissioner
for New Hampshire, 5 February, 1889,
to attend the celebration of the
( Yntennial of the Inauguration of
Washington as President of the
United States. In the Constitutional
Convention of this year he was a dele-
gate from Ward Four in this city.
He was an active member and
president of the old Dover Library
and when the Dover Library was
merged in the Dover Public Library
he was made one of the trustees, which
position he has held continuously to
the present time. Franklin Academy
was established here in 1818 and for
three quarters of a century was a
258
The Granite Monthly
flourishing institution and did good
work in the higher education of the
boys and girls of Dover. In its later
years Mr. Brown was president of
the trustees. About 1900, the school
was closed, the building and grounds
were sold and the proceeds properly
invested. Later when the subject
of having a Public Library building
and a High School building erected,
was under consideration, it was, largely
through nis influence and good judg-
ment that the funds of the institution
were invested in the purchase of the
tion of dumb animals that were being
cruelly treated by their owners, and by
his vigorous enforcement of the law
against them.
Mr. Brown stands very high in
the Masonic orders, being a member
of Moses Paul Lodge, Free and Ac-
cepted Masons; Belknap Chapter of
Royal Arch Masons; Orphan Council,
Royal and Select Masters; St. Paul
Commandery, Knights Templar, all
of Dover. In Scottish Rite Masonry
he has taken all the degrees up to
and including the Thirty-second de-
Mr. Brown's Residence
Hon. William Hale estate on Locust
street, and donated to the city for the
perpetual use of the library and the
school. So the funds of the Academy
continue to be used for purposes of
education.
Mr. Brown is and has been for sev-
eral years, vice-president of the New
Hampshire Society for the Prevention
of Cruelty to Animals, in which official
position he has done much good work
in Dover and vicinity, in the protec-
gree, and is a member of the New
Hampshire Consistory, of Nashua.
His various other duties have not
given him time to hold official posi-
tions in these organizations, but he
has for many years been a loyal sup-
porter of them. all. He has also for
many years been a member of
Wecohamet Lodge of Independent
Order of Odd Fellows.
In politics Mr. Brown is, and al-
ways has been, a Republican, having
Elisha Rhodes Broirn
259
cast his first vote for General Grant
for president in November, 1868.
He is still firm in the faith of the
well established principles of that
party. In religion he is a Congre-
gationalism having joined the First
Church in Dover July 5, 1873; in 1885
he was elected one of the deacons of
the Church; he still retains that office
but retired from active service in 1911.
In his official relations Air. Brown
has rendered invaluable assistance
in the management of financial affairs
of this very ancient Church, and when
he retired from active service as
deacon the Church gave him a highly
complimentary and perfectly just
vote of thanks, at a large meeting of
the members.
When the Went worth Home for the
Aged was established by the munifi-
cence of Hon. Arioch Wentworth
of Boston, in 1898, Mr. Brown was
elected one of the trustees and has
held that office continuously to the
present time. The first President of
the incorporators was Mr. Joseph
Brown Sawyer. On the death of Mr.
Sawyer in 1908, Mr. Brown was
elected to fill the vacancy, and now
holds the office. The Wentworth
Home has a fund of over $200,000
and is one of the most prosperous and
best managed institutions of the
kind in New England. There are
at present thirty members cared for
at the Home.
Mr. Brown was one of the founders
and has always been a liberal sup-
porter and member of the official
board of the Dover Childrens' Home,
located in a large brick building on
Locust street. In this from thirty to
forty children are cared for, educated,
and, at the proper age, placed in good
families to be brought up to manhood
and womanhood and become good
citizens.
Formerly the Pine Hill Cemetery
was managed by a committee of the
City Council; a change wras made in
the City Charter, and several years
ago the management was placed in
the control of a board of trustees and
Mr. Brown was elected one of the
members of the board, which office
he has held continuously to the pres-
ent. In this connection his duties
have not by any means been sinecure.
Under the direction of the trustees
the cemetery has been greatly im-
proved and much enlarged. It is
now one of the beautiful spots of the
city, and Mr. Brown as trustee
has done his full share of the work
in the planning and financing the
improvements.
Mr. Brown's Ancestors and
Kinsmen
Mr. Brown inherits his character
and business ability from worthy
ancestors. His father, Colville Dana
Brown, was born in Providence, R. I.,
4 July, 1814. He came to Dover in
1850 and for a number of years was
an expert calico printer in the Cocheco
Print Works, whose products com-
manded the best prices in the country.
Shortly after the Civil War began he
entered the government service and
was an official in the Commissary
Department to the end of the war,
serving faithfully and efficiently.
Soon after the close of the war he was
appointed Superintendent of the Gov-
ernment Grounds in Washington,
D. C, which important position he
held until his death 2 January, 1898.
Mr. Brown's grandfather, John
Brown, was a successful merchant in
Providence, and was son of Elisha
Brown also a successful merchant in
that city. He was son of Deputy-
Governor Elisha Brown who was born
in Providence in 1717 and died in that
city in 1802. His wife was Mary Har-
ris. He was one of the leading busi-
ness men of Providence, a member of
the Rhode Island General Assembly a
number of years and Deputy Governor
1765, 1766 and 1767.
James Brown, an elder brother of
Deputy Governor Elisha Brown, is
best remembered by his four sons,
Nicholas, Joseph, John and Moses,
who in the Providence annals are
known as the ''Four Brothers." A
260
The Granite Monthly
brief notice of each may be of interest,
so is here given.
Nicholas was left an orphan at the
age of ten years, and the youngest,
Moses, was but seven months old when
his father died, 27 April, 1739; but
they had a remarkable mother, who
brought the boys up to be staunch
Baptists and keen business men.
Nicholas followed mercantile pursuits
and thereby acquired a very ample
fortune. He was liberal with his
two years of his life he was Professor
of Natural Philosophy, serving with-
out pay.
John Brown, the third brother, was
the most energetic of the four and
became the wealthiest of them all,
and it is said that he was the first
merchant in Rhode Island to carry
trade to China and the East Indies.
He was a leader in the party that
destroyed the British sloop -of-war
"Gaspee" in Narragansett Bay, on
A Side View of Mr. Brown's Hall
wealth and a generous benefactor of
Rhode Island College.
Joseph Brown, second of the four
brothers, was likewise engaged in
business and in manufacturing and
acquired sufficient wealth to permit
him to follow his natural taste for
science. He became an expert in
the knowledge of electricity. He was
also proficient in astronomy. He was
a warm friend of Rhode Island College,
of which he was one of the trustees
for several years, and during the last
17 June, 1772, and was sent in irons
to Boston on suspicion of having been
concerned in that affair, but he was
released through the efforts of his
brother, the Quaker member of the
family. Anticipating the war of the
Revolution, he instructed the cap-
tains of his ships to freight their
vessels on their return voyages with
powder, so when the war began at
Lexington and Concord, and the battle
of Bunker Hill had been fought, and
Washington assembled his army at
Elisha Rhodes Brown
261
Cambridge with only four rounds of
powder for each soldier, Mr. Broun
sent up a generous supply of powder
from Rhode Island, which enabled
Washington to proceed to business
in besieging Boston. After the war
he served as member of Congress sev-
eral years. But greatest of all, Mr.
Brown laid the corner stone of the
first building of Rhode Island Col-
lege, now Brown University. He was
one of the largest contributors and
was for twenty years its treasurer.
Moses Brown, the youngest brother,
was brought up in the family of his
uncle Obediah, whose daughter he
married. When he was twenty-five
years old he became engaged in busi-
ness -with his three brothers, but, after
ten years with them, withdrew and
engaged in business by himself. He
withdrew from the Baptists and be-
came a member of the Society of
Friends. Possessing large wealth he
emulated his brother John, in the
Rhode Island College business, and
became the founder of the Friends'
Boarding School in Providence, and
his donations in support of it were
frequent and liberal. In 1773, he
manumitted his slaves and was one
of the founders of the Abolition
Society of Rhode Island.
There is one more of this family of
brothers who deserves mention in
this connection, Nicholas Brown the
philanthropist, son of Nicholas, the
eldest of the "Four Brothers." This
son was born in Providence in 1769.
He was graduated from Rhode Island
College in 1786, and in 1791 the death
of his father left him with a handsome
fortune. Forming a partnership with
his brother-in-law, Thomas P. Ives,
he became a merchant, and, by his
wisdom and honorable dealing, made
the firm of Brown & Ives one of the
most successful in the country. For
many years he was a member of the
Rhode Island Legislature. He was
one of the most munificent patrons
of Rhode Island College, which, in
1804, changed its name to Brown
University in his honor,. His do-
nations to the college amounted in
all to more than $100,000. In addition
to this he gave about $50,000 to
other institutions.
Deputy Governor Elisha Brown,
uncle to the "Four Brothers," was
son of Reverend James and Mary
(Harris) Brown, who was a noted
Baptist minister of Providence. The
Reverend James was son of Elder John
and Mary (Holmes) Brown. Elder
Brown was a noted minister and suc-
ceeded his father the Reverend Chad
Brown as pastor of the First Baptist
Church at Providence, the oldest
Baptist Church in America. Chad
Brown, the immigrant ancestor of
Elisha Rhodes Brown, was an Elder
in the Baptist Church. The dates
of his birth and death have not been
definitely ascertained. He died prob-
ably in 1665; but colonial records
were largely destroyed during King
Philip's War, ten years later, and it
cannot be verified. He came over
from England in the ship "Martin"
and landed at Boston in July, 1638.
About this time occurred the "Ana-
baptist heresy" and many of the
Boston colonists removed to the
Providence Plantations. It is prob-
able that Mr. Brown was among these,
for his tombstone, erected by the
town, bears record that he was "exiled
from Massachusetts for conscience
sake." He probably arrived in Provi-
dence in the autumn of 1638, when
Roger Williams and twelve others
executed what is known as the "initial
deed," assigning the land acquired by
purchase from the Indians. Mr.
Brown at once became a leader in the
affairs of the colony, and when, after
three months, the restless Williams
finding that the Church would not
implicitly accept his teaching, again
seceded, Mr. Brown was chosen as
his successor. He was formally or-
dained Elder in England in 1642,
and assumed the pastoral office on
his return, and was in reality the first
Elder of the First Baptist Church in
America. Prior to his ordination seri-
ous dissensions had arisen in the colony
involving a quarrel with Massachu-
setts, and Mr. Brown was one of the
262
The Granite Monthly
committee appointed to make peace.
He was a peace maker in various other
ways and his influence in shaping the
early tendencies of the colony was
marked, and it is probable that, but
for his resolute character and judicious
management, the daring and refrac-
tory spirits that composed the colony
would have come to blows on a dozen
different questions of civil and relig-
ious import. So successful, was he
in adjusting the quarrels of his flock
that the honorable title of "Peace-
maker" was popularly accorded him.
the troublesome Indian wars. It
seems worthy to note that in the
July (1912) number of the Journal
of American History mention is made
of the fact that Abraham Lincoln, was
a lineal descendant of Obediah
Holmes, through the Lincoln family
of Massachusetts.
Elisha Rhodes Brown is a descend-
ant from very distinguished ancestors
on his mother's side. ' First of these
may be mentioned Roger Williams,
one of the great historical characters
of New England, being the founder
A Corner of Mr. Brown's Library
Mary Holmes, wife of Elder John
Brown, was daughter of the Reverend
Obediah Holmes who was the first
pastor of the First Baptist Church
at Newport, R. I., and a man of great
influence in the business affairs of
that part of the colony. He was one
of the Commissioners for the General
Court in 1655-58 to settle official
disputes and difficulties; and again
in 1676 he Avas Councillor for the
General Assemblv of the Colonv in
of the colony of Rhode Island and
the pioneer of religious liberty in
America. He was born in London,
1604; son of a merchant tailor; gradu-
ate of Pembroke College, Cambridge;
studied law, then studied theology,
and held ecclesiastical positions in
England. Emigrated to New Eng-
land with his wife Mary, arrived in
Boston in February, 1631, and in
April following became an assistant
teacher, or minister, at Salem; later
Elisha Rhodes Brown
263
he was assistant to the minister at
Plymouth. In August, 1634, he be-
came teacher, or minister, at Salem,
where he had been assistant. His
preaching and teaching were so liberal
that he incurred the hostility of the
authorities of the Massachusetts Bay
Colony. After receiving various ad-
monitions, which he did not heed, he
was formally tried by the General
Court, which decreed he should be
banished from the domain of the Mass-
achusetts Bay Colony. When they
were about to arrest him he made his
escape into what is now Rhode Island.
If the authorities had caught him they
would have shipped him back to
England. So, in June, 1636, Williams
with four companions founded the
first settlement in Rhode Island, to
which, in remembrance of "God's
merciful providence to him in his
distress" he gave the name Provi-
dence.
When government was organized
the chief corner stone, laid by Wil-
liams himself, was complete religious
toleration, with a view to its becoming
"a shelter for persons distressed for
conscience.'' The result was the
colony speedily grew, many coming
there from Massachusetts. Mr. Wil-
liams had very decided views on re-
ligious and other matters, but was
tolerant toward those who entertained
different views. The result was that
people came there entertaining all
sorts of religious opinions, and were
not slow in expressing them. Among
the numbers were Anabaptists, that
is those who believed that persons
who had been baptized (by sprinkling)
in infancy must be rebaptized by
immersion. So in 1639, Williams was
rebaptized by one of those Anabap-
tists, and he in turn baptized others,
and these formed the First Baptist
Church in America. Nevertheless,
he retained his connection with it
only three or four months, and Chad
Brown, who had been working with
him, became the sole leader and pastor.
Mr. Williams was at various times
a member of the General Assembly,
and was governor several year-, and
deputy governor still more. He was
a personal friend of Cromwell and
Milton and other leading Puritans
in England.
Governor Roger Williams' daughter,
Mercy Williams, married Resolved
Waterman; their daughter, Waite
Waterman, married John Rhodes,
son of Zachary Rhodes of Warwick
who was an extensive land proprietor
and ofttimes a member of the General
Assembly.
John Rhodes was a distinguished
lawyer and the King's attorney for
several years. His son wras noted as
Major John Rhodes of Warwick,
who rendered much valuable service
to the colony in the Indian wars, and
was a conspicuous citizen in official
affairs otherwise, being member of the
General Assembly. His son, Cap-
tain Charles Rhodes, born in 1719;
married Deborah Green in 1739. In
early manhood he was a sea captain;
later he became a noted Baptist
minister. His marriage with Debo-
rah Green connects Elisha Rhodes
Brown with the very distinguished
Green family of Rhode Island.
Deborah Green was the great-
great-grandmother of Mary Ehza
Rhodes, Mr. Brown's mother. She
was the daughter of Peter Green, born
in 1682, who was grandson of Deputy
Governor John Green of Warwick,
whose father came from Salisbury.
England, and wras one of the first
settlers in Warwick, R. I. The
Green family is one of the most noted
and powerful families in that colony
and state. It is stated that it has
had a member in everv session of the
General Assembly from 1642 to 1912.
One of Deborah Green's kinsmen was
General Nathaniel Green wrho ranks
second only to Washington in the Rev-
olutionary War. The connecting
families between Captain Charles
Rhodes and his wife, Deborah Green,
down to Mary Eliza Rhodes, Mr.
Brown's mother, are as follows: — She
is daughter of Captain Elisha Hunt
and Eliza Ann (Chace) Rhodes; he is
son of Captain James Peter and Sarah
(Hunt) Rhodes; who is son of Captain
264
The Granite Monthly
Peter and Hester (Arnold) Rhodes,
and Captain Peter is son of Captain
( Iharles and Deborah (Green) Rhodes.
These "Captains" of the Rhodes
family were all active and vigorous
men and have good rank among the
business men of Rhode Island, where
they all resided. Hes-ter Arnold, wife
of Captain Peter Rhodes, was daughter
of Simon Arnold, descendant of
William Arnold, born in Warwickshire,
England, 1587. He came to Providence
in 1630 and was associated with Roger
Williams as one of the fifty-four pro-
Deputy Governor John Brown; the
Reverend James Brown; Deputy Gov-
ernor Elisha Brown; Colonel Richard
Waterman; Mr. Christopher Peake;
Mr. William Almey; Mr. Peter Green;
Governor Roger Williams; Major
John Rhodes; Mr. Zachariah Rhodes;
Captain Randall Holden; Mr. Wil-
liam Harris; Dr. John Green; Deputy
Governor John Green; Mr. John
Rhodes; Lieut. Charles Holden; Lieut.
Andrew Harris; Mr. Richard Tew;
and the Reverend Obadiah Holmes.
In this connection it is interesting
Rear View of Mr. Brown's House
prietors of the Providence Plantations,
which now constitute the state of
Rhode Island.
Mr. Brown is member of the New
Hampshire Society Sons of the Ameri-
can Revolution, also of the Society
of Colonial Wars in New Hampshire,
of which he was governor, 1900-1901.
Mr. Brown's ancestors whose service
in the Colonial period entitle him to
membership are twenty in number,
namely: — The Reverend Chad Brown ;
to note that Mr. Brown's son, Harold
Winthrop Brown, is also a member of
the Society of Colonial Wars, and has
to his credit on the records of the
Society the twenty ancestors of his
father and ten more on his mother's
side, who are: — Governor John Win-
throp; Governor Thomas Dudley;
Judge and Rev. Samuel Dudley;
Judge Edward Hilton; Judge George
Smith; Col. Samuel Smith; Major
Joseph Smith ; Capt. Joseph Bickford;
Elisha Rhodes Brown
265
Mr. Jeremiah Burnham and Mr.
("lenient Meserve.
Mr. Brown has been for many years
a member of the New Hampshire
Historical Society. Also he was one
of the founders of the Dover Historical
Society and is now one of its officers.
He is specially interested in local and
state history and has some very valu-
able books and manuscripts in regard
to these matters.
The New Hampshire Veterans'
Association has made him an honorary
member of that organization. Also
the Society of the Cincinnati in New
Hampshire has made him an honorary
member of that patriotic order.
He is also a member of the following
organizations: — The National Con-
servation Association; National Audo-
bon Society; National Geographic
Society; The American Forestry So-
ciety; New England Historical and
Genealogical Society; The American
Civic Alliance; New Hampshire Peace
Society, and The Bellamy Club of
Dover.
Mr. Browtn's Family
Elisha Rhodes Brown was united
in marriage with Frances Bickford,
at Dover, 18 October, 1870. She is
daughter of Dr. Alphonso and Alary
Joanna (Smith) Bickford. Her father
was a leading citizen and highly
successful physician of Dover for
many years. He was Mayor of
Dover during the beginning years of
the Civil War, and he was a very
vigorous and efficient magistrate in
the performance of the duties of that
office. The children of Mr. and Mrs.
Brown are: — I Alphonso Bickford,
born 23 January, 1872. He graduated
from Yale College in 1894, and from
Harvard Medical College in 1897.
He practiced his profession in New-
burvport until his death 17 October,
1906. He married 3 October, 1899,
Edith Lawrence, daughter of Mayor
Huse of Newburyport, who was also
Editor of the Newburyport News.
They had one daughter, Elizabeth
Lawrence Brown, born 6 July, 1903.
The mother and daughter reside in
Dover. II Harold Winthrop, born
8 November, 1875. Graduated from
Harvard College in 1897. He is and
has been for several years treasurer
of the Strafford Savings Bank. He
married 15 June, 1899, Katherine Van
Hovenberg of Eau Claire, Wisconsin,
who is a graduate of Smith College,
1896. They have one daughter,
Margaret Van Hovenberg, born July
3, 1912. Ill and IV, Raymond Gould
and Philip Carter, born 27 August,
1885. Both are graduates of Harvard
College, Philip in 1906 and Raymond
in 1907. The latter graduated from
Harvard Law School in 1910: he is
engaged in the practice of his pro-
fession in New York City. Raymond
Gould married, 22 January, 1911,
Miss Juliette W. Duxbury of Dover.
Philip Carter, after graduating from
Harvard, took a two years' course at
the Institute of Technology, from
which he graduated in 1908. He
married June 1, 1909, Marguerite L.
Williams, daughter of Frank B. and
Mary (Locke) Williams. They have
a daughter, Mary Phyllis, born 20
July, 1910. Mr. Brown is engaged
in business with his father-in-law in""
belt manufacturing; Mr. Williams
is head of the firm of I. B. Williams
& Sons, one of the largest and most
noted belt manufacturing companies
in New England.
Mr. Brown's House
Mr. Brown resides on Silver street,
one of the oldest in the city, north
of Dover Neck. On that street are
eight houses that are from 150 to
200 years old, all in good state of
preservation, and fine colonial man-
sions. Mr. Brown's house is not one
of that number, but it comes close up
to the century mark in age, having
been built in one of the early years
of the last century. The accompany-
ing pictures give a good idea of how
it looks, on the exterior and interior.
Everything is arranged for comfort,
and visitors are sure to feel that way
as soon as thev enter the hall. One
266
The Granite Monthly
of the most noticeable and valuable
of these furnishings is his library
which consists of about 8,000 vol-
umes. Not having one room large
enough for shelving all of his books
they are nicely arranged in several
rooms, so that every visitor who loves
books will be delightfully surprised
on his first steps about the house.
The selections are of choice literature,
historical works having the prefer-
ence. Many of the sets are in beau-
tiful and costly bindings, being the
product of the best binderies in Bos-
ton and London. Besides making
this large and choice collection for
Bay at the ancient Furber's Ferry
which was the route of travel across
Furber's Strait, between Furber's
Point and Adams' Point, on Mathews'
(or Mathes') Neck, where the Adams
House now is. Little Bay is separated
from the Pascataqua River by the
strait between Fox Point and Durham
Point. The water view from Mr.
Brown's Camp (up Little Bay and
down the Pascataqua) is very beauti-
ful and is encircled by many historic
spots.
The Camp stands very near
where John Meader's garrison stood,
which was burned by the Indians,
A View of Mr. Brown's Grounds
his house he has given to the Dover
Public Library, of which he is a
trustee, about 1,000 volumes of val-
uable publications. Besides his books
he has in his library a very large col-
lection of steel engravings, among
which are excellent reproductions
of the best work of the great masters
in art.
Mr. Brown's Camp
Mr. Brown's Camp is located on a
bluff at the head of the Pascataqua
River, which is formed by the water
from Little Bay and Oyster River.
Little Bay is connected with Great
at the time of the massacre in
July 1694. Mr. Meader and his
family were obliged to desert the
house and make their escape across
the river to Fox Point, because he did
not have sufficient means for making
a defense against the savage enemy.
It was rebuilt by Mr. Meader immedi-
ately after the battle and properly
fortified for defense, and he was living
there as late as 1712, and his descend-
ants in the years that followed. This
land was originally granted to Valen-
tine Hill by the town of Dover and
by him was sold to John Meader in
1660, September 20. Previous to
Elisha Rhodes Brown
267
that John Meatier had a grant from
the town of Dover, in 1656, down the
river on the north side, which included
all the neck of land between the
Pascataqua and Back River, which
ever since has been called Meader's
Neck. The cove on the west of the
neck is Meader's Cove, and that on
the north is Royal's Cove. On this
neck, the easterly point, which is at
the mouth of Back River, is called
Cedar Point, where the town lines of
Dover, Madbury and Durham come
to a point, and one can stand in
three towns at the same time. The
southerly point, where is the abut-
ment of the old Pascataqua Bridge,
is called Tickle Point, and the land
north of it and east of Meader's
Cove is where was located Franklin
City, the first city ever organized
(on paper) in New Hampshire. It
was incorporated by the New Hamp-
shire legislature in 1796. The bridge
across the river there had been com-
pleted and opened to travel Novem-
ber 25, 1794. The First New Hamp-
shire Turnpike-Road to extend from
there to Concord was incorporated
June 16, 1796, and was completed
in 1801. From the opening of the
bridge in 1794 to the opening of the
Turnpike-Road in 1801, a period of
seven years it was a bustling center
of business, but the opening of the
road decreased the business and the
proposed city failed to develop as
was hoped for and confidently ex-
pected in the beginning. But for
many years there was a large amount
of travel and transportation of goods
and produce between Portsmouth
and Concord, all passing near where
Mr. Browrn's Camp is.
Goat Island is in the middle of the
Pascataqua River, in front of Mr.
Brown's Camp and about half a mile
away. The bridge was the link that
connected it with the Durham and
the Newington shore. It was over
this bridge and island that Daniel
Webster, Jeremiah Mason, Ichabod
Bartlett and the rest crossed the
river when they came up from Ports-
mouth to Dover to attend courts in
the old court house on Tuttle Square,
now Bradley's garage. The island
remained the property of the town of
Dover until it was granted to Wil-
liam Pomfrett, Town Clerk for many
years, 5th, 5 mo. 1652. Before that
it had been used in common by the
townsmen on Dover Neck for pastur-
ing their goats. It contains about
three acres and afforded good and
safe pasture ground for "ye goatetts."
In the prosperous years of the
bridge the Pascataqua Bridge Tavern
stood on the island. This was built
by the proprietors of the bridge and
both tavern and bridge were opened
for business in 1794. The bridge
continued to be used until February
18, 1855, when 600 feet of it, on the
Newington side, was carried away by
ice. The tavern was burned to the
ground several years before that.
As Mr. Brown sits in his Camp and
looks to the southeast he has in view-
Fox Point, a high bluff of land a half
mile long, which lies between Little
Bay and the Pascataqua River. It
is one of the beauty spots of New
Hampshire. It is now owned by
Hon. Woodbury Langdon of Ports-
mouth and is his country residence.
It is so called in a deed of land Sep-
tember 14, 1642, which shows it was
a well established name for it then.
The origin of the name is unknown,
but it is supposed that the hunters
in the earliest years of the settlement
of Dover drove the foxes thejr pur-
sued into this long, narrow neck and
caught them, they having no chance
for escape. It is said that the Indians
long before that caught wild animals
here in the same way. This land
was the common property of the
town of Dover until the 10th of the
8 mo. 1653 when ''Thirty acres of
upland on Fox Povnt" were granted
to John Bickford Sr. Mr. Bickford
and his wife Temperance, May 13,
1677, gave it to their daughter Mary,
wife of Nicholas Harrison. Mr. and
Mrs. Harrison resided there until
his death in 1708, when it passed, by
will, to their daughter Elizabeth,
wife of Col. John Downing, and the
268
The Granite Monthly
Downings lived there several genera-
tions, until about 1840.
John Bickforcl, Sr., is Mrs. Brown's
immigrant ancestor. It was to the
home of Nicholas Harrison and his
wife Mary Bickford that the Meaders
and Bickfords and Edgerly and others
fled when they escaped from the
awful Indian Massacre at Oyster
River in July 1694, not having suit-
able protection at home. As one
sits in Mr. Brown's Camp it is not
difficult to call up a picture of the
women and children being rowed
Joseph Smith of Oyster River, a
kinsman of Mrs. Brown, on her
mother's side. It was a descendant
of Col. Downing, Mr. Samuel Down-
ing, who died in 1864, who was the
last survivor of the soldiers of the
Revolutionary Army. Councillors
Downing and Smith wrere guests at
the historic wedding at the Went-
worth Mansion, Little Harbor, when
Governor Wentworth and Martha
Hilton wrere united in marriage by
the Reverend Arthur Brown, the scene
of which is so beautifully described
Mr. Brown's Summer Camp on the Pascataqua
across to Fox Point, in the common
boats of the period, as the war whoops
of the savages were heard and the
flames of the burning garrisons along
the river were seen behind them.
There was the home of Col. John
Downing who for twenty years was
one of Governor Benning Went-
worth's Councillors, a man of remark-
able ability and of great influence in
the province. One of his intimate
friends and co-laborers was Councillor
by Longfellow in his poem, "Lady
Wentworth."
Mr. Brown's Camp is near the
mouth of Oyster River, on the south
side of which is Durham Point,
between which and Fox Point is the
Narrows that connects Little Bay
with Pascataqua River. On Dur-
ham Point were the Bickford garri-
son and the Edgerly garrison; the
latter was captured and burned by
the Indians in July 1694, while
Elisha Rhodes Brown
269
Judge Edgerly and his family escaped
in boats across to Fox Point. Captain
Thomas Bickford, however, defended
his garrison successfully in a very
unique manner. As soon as the
Captain was aroused from his slum-
bers by the alarm guns at the upper
garrisons, which told him the Indians
were at hand, he hustled his wife and
children into boats and sent them
across to Fox Point. He closed fast
the big door of the palisade and then
awaited the approach of the enemy.
When they arrived and began firing
guns at his house he in turn fired
rapidly as possible at them, and kept
up a great shouting of military
orders, as if he had a company of men;
and from time to time he showed
himselt to the enemy in a fresh guise,
cap and uniform. In this way Cap-
tain Bickford deceived them so effectu-
ally that they thought his garrison
was well manned with soldiers, and
so gave up the attempt to reduce it.
Captain Bickford was a kinsman of
Mrs. Brown.
The Davis garrison stood near
Oyster River, a short distance above
Mr. Brown's Camp. It was there
that Lieut. James Davis successfully
defended it against the attack of the
Indians in 1694. It was there that
his son Col. James Davis resided,
who in his day was one of the leading
men of Dover and the Province.
The Smith garrison was a short
distance above the Davis garrison
and in sight of it. This garrison
was built by Joseph Smith who on
the 31st, 7 mo. 1660, had a grant of
land there, which has remained in
possession of the Smith family con-
tinuously to the present day, a period
of 252 years, the present owner being
Mr. Forest S. Smith. Mr. Smith
built his house there and soon bought
more land from the William Williams
estate, north of his grant, from the
town of Dover. About fifteen years
later he converted his house into a
garrison, as the Indians were begin-
ning to be troublesome. It so re-
mained until 1725 when the Indian
wars hereabouts ceased. When the
Indians made the attack in 1694 Cap-
tain Smith was ready for them, hav-
ing been aroused by the reports of
the guns fired up-river. The Indians
made a furious attack but were
repulsed at all sides. So not only
the Smith family, but also several
others, who had fled there for pro-
tection, were, saved. Near where the
garrison stood is the Smith family
burying ground, in which can be
seen sets of grave stones the like
of which cannot be duplicated in
New Hampshire. There are interred
the remains of seven generations who
in succession had been proprietors of
the Joseph Smith farm, beginning in
1660. All were conspicuous citizens
and business men of the town. Mrs.
Brown's mother is a lineal descendant
from Joseph Smith.
To the east of the camp can be seen
the site of the old meeting house on
Dover Neck, where was the beginning
of Dover history. That was Dover,
when, the present center of the city
was simply "Cochecho" in Dover.
The meeting house that stood there
was the center of business for nearly
a century. Several years ago Mr.
Brown and the late Governor Sawyer
purchased four acres there, which in-
cludes the site, and presented it to
the First Church. A few years ago
Margery Sullivan Chapter, *D. A. R.,
very generously had a splendid bank
wall built along the east side, next to
the road, on which they placed a
bronze tablet with appropriate in-
scription; they also had iron rails
around the site on which the meet-
ing house stood.
The Strafford Banks
The Strafford National Bank is
the successor of two State Banks.
The first of these was the New Hamp-
shire Strafford Bank, chartered in
1803, and the first meeting of the
stockholders was held July 25, 1803,
one hundred and nine years ago.
Its charter expired in 1846, and was
renewed under the shorter title Straf-
ford Bank. This continued as a
270
The Granite Monthly
State Bank until July 1865 when the
name was changed to Strafford Na-
tional Bank, and it has so continued
under the National Government to
the present time. So the life of the
bank has been continuous under the
three names 109 years.
The first President of the New
Hampshire Strafford Bank was Wil-
liam King Atkinson who served 14
years; William Hale served the fol-
lowing 2 years; Oliver Crosby 2
years; John Wheeler 17 years; Moses
in their respective offices. Mr. Wood-
man declined a re-election in Janu-
ary 1868, and William Shepard
Stevens was elected January 30, that
year and continued President until
his death in 1897, a period of 29
years. Elisha Rhodes Brown was
elected Mr. Stevens' successor April
26, 1897, which office he has held con-
tinuously for 15 years.
Asa Alford Tufts served as cashier
of the National Bank until January
1, 1876, making a total of his ser-
Living Room Mr. Brown's Summer Camp
Hodgdon 2 years; Daniel Osborn 6
years till the charter expired.
The cashiers were Walter Cooper 14
years; William Woodman 29 years.
The Strafford Bank, under the
new charter, and shorter name, had
for President continuously to 1865,
William Woodman; and the cashier
for the same time was Asa A. Tufts, a
period of 19 years.
When the State Bank changed to
the National in 1865, July 2, Mr.
Woodman and Mr. Tufts continued
vice as cashier, 30 years, 1846-1876.
Elisha Rhodes Brown was chosen
his successor and served from Janu-
ary 1, 1876 to April 26, 1897, a
period of 21 years. Charles Sumner
Cartland was elected cashier when
Mr. Brown was elected president,
and has served continuously to the
present time, a period of 15 years.
So the cashiers during the 109 years
were only five in number, viz. : Cooper
14 years, Woodman 29 years, Tufts 30
years, Brown 21 years and Cartland 15.
EUsha Rhodes Brown
271
There have been nine Presidents,
six of whom were of the first, or New
Hampshire Strafford Bank, viz:
Atkinson 14 years, Hale 2 years,
Crosby 2 years, Wheeler 17 years,
Hodgdon 2 years and Osborn 2 years.
There was only one President of the
Strafford (State) Bank, Mr. Wood-
man. There have been only three
Presidents of the Strafford National
Bank, Mr. Woodman 3 years, Mr.
Stevens 29 years and Mr. Brown 15
years.
President was John Wheeler who
served five years. His successors
are: — Moses Hodgdon 12 years;
Daniel M. Durell 1 year; Daniel
Osborn 2 years; Noah Martin 8
years; John Currier 8 years; George
D. Vittum 4 years; Ezekiel Hurd 7
years; Daniel M. Christie 6 years;
Zimri S. Wallingford 10 years; Charles
W. Woodman 1 year; Charles H.
Sawyer 3 years; and Elisha Rhodes
Brown will have served 21 years the
21st day of next October. Mr.
Strafford Banks Building
When Mr. Brown became President
26 April 1897 the amount of deposits,
as given in the official bank report in
the Julv following, was $366, 130.69;
the deposits July 1, 1912 were $815,-
799.51, and the surplus and undivided
profits were over $253,000. The
capital stock is $100,000.
Strafford Savings Bank
The Strafford Savings Bank was
chartered 27 June 1823. The first
Brown's term of service is 9 years
greater than any one of his twelve
predecessors.
The Savings Bank has had six
Treasurers during the 89 years of its
existence. They are John Wendell
five years; William Woodman 32
years; Charles W. Woodman 19
years; Albert O. Mathes 22 years;
George Fisher Piper two years and
Harold Winthrop Brown seven years,
now in office.
272
The Granite Monthly
When Mr. Brown became Presi-
dent in 1891, the official report
October 12 that year showed the
amount of deposits to be $4,230,-
939.52. The report July 1, 1912
shows the amount of deposits to be
$6,913,762.02, an increase of $2,682,-
824.50, in 21 years. The number of
open accounts in 1891 was 8,212; the
number July 1, 1912 was 11,695. The
surplus July 1, 1912 was above one
million dollars.
The Banks are located in a beauti-
ful building that stands on the corner
of Washington street and Central
avenue, and fronts on Central square.
The accompanying picture gives a
good idea of its external appearance.
A DIRGE FOR THE DEAD
(on the sinking of the titanic)
By Harold D. Carewin the "Atlanta Constitution"
Oh, our heads are bowed
And our hearts are wrung,
While Death sweeps over the barren deep;
A prayer is said
And a dirge is sung,
The funeral shroud
Of the dead is flung
Where heroes sleep.
A requiem mass
From over the wave
Resounds through the islands of the sea;
A firmament light
In the heavens impearled
Chants through the darkness
Of night to the world
Its litany.
Oh, the bleeding hearts
And despairing souls
That follow the wake of disaster!
Oh, the shattered hope
As the death bell tolls,
And memories wake
Of the fiendish ghouls
Of the Titan master!
But honor and fame! —
The tributes they won,
As the deck of the tottering giant they trod!
We hallow the praise
Of their valor each one,
As they silently hear
The reward, "Well done"
At the throne of their God.
WILLIAM LADD, THE APOSTLE OF PEACE
By Charles E. Beals, of Chicago, Field Secretary of The American
Peace Society
Strolling through the Passaconaway
woods in the Swift River Inter-
vale one clay, I found the bark of some
young pine trees savagely scratched
and torn. "What did that?" I in-
quired of my neighbor, who is a past
master in wood lore. "Air. Bruin,"
was the reply. And then he explained
that the way one bear challenges
another is to raise himself on his hind
legs, stretch up to his fullest height,
and bite and scratch the bark to
show what a big and mighty and un-
conquerable bear he is. The next
bear that comes along set's these
marks, rears himself aloft and at-
tempts to reach up higher still. This
is the ursine method of challenging.
Similarly the biography of a truly
great man is a challenge to us to
measure up to our fullest possible
height. And if, doing our very best,
we fall far short of the stature of the
world's towering souls, we shall at
least b? made humble, reverent and
diligent.
No one can read the life story of
William Ladd without experiencing
a kindling of admiration and inspi-
ration. This son of the Granite State
was one of humanity's true noblemen.
The stream of his beneficent influence
is broadening, deepening and growing
mightier every decade We arc now
far enough along to see that Dr.
Beckwith's saying that "the Peace-
maker of Minot shall outlive the ( !or-
sican soldier" was not so fulsome a- it
sounded when first uttered. Cer-
tainly we arc ready to accept Charles
Sumner's declaration that "by devel-
oping, maturing and publishing to the
world the plan of a Congress of Na-
tions, William Ladd enrolled himself
among the benefactors of mankind.''
For, as stated by Hon. James Brown
Scott, Technical Delegate of the Tin-
ted States to the Second Peace Con-
ference at The Hague. Editor of the
American Journal of International
Law and Secretary of the Carnegie
Endowment for International Peace,
Mr. Ladd's plan for an international
congress and court "contains
the arguments for . . . the es-
tablishment of both institutions. . . .
The resemblance between Ladd's pro-
ject and the Hague Conference is
so patent as to need no comment."
And now for the dry bones which
must be clothed with living flesh by
other literature than this brief maga-
zine sketch. William Ladd, theolde-t
son of Eliphalet and Abigail (Hill)
Ladd. was born in Exeter, New Hamp-
shire, May 10, 1778. The family
removed to Portsmouth in 1795.
Having prepared for college at Exeter
Academy, William entered Harvard
in 1793 and graduated four years
later, at the age of nineteen. He was
a proficient student, but in his later
years he laughingly said. "The knowl-
edge I gained in college the salt water
washed out of my memory."
Young Ladd's parents planned that
he. should enter the medical profes-
sion. But, in the same year that he
graduated from Harvard, wishing to
see something of the world, he shipped
as a common sailor in one of his fath-
er's vessels. On his first voyage he
visited England and other parts of
Europe. On his second voyage he
sailed as mate. In eighteen months
from the time he shipped as a com-
mon sailor, he was placed in command
of one of the largest ships that ever
sailed out of Portsmouth. He became
a skilful and highly respected sea
captain.
At the age of twenty-one, having
married Sophia Ann Augusta Stidolph
of London, England, he retired from
the sea and became a merchant at
Savannah, Georgia. A few months
later he removed to Florida. As
cotton-planter, he held slaves. Yet
274 The Granite Monthly
he attempted to work out and put published in 1825. A second series,
into practical application a plan for numbering thirty-seven essays, began
the abolition of slavery by the intro- to appear in the Mirror in 1825 and
duction of European emigrants. His these s were published in a vol.
scheme failed. Most of his property ume in ^ In ^ publication of
was swept away. In later life he ,, ■., T r, , , ,,
never could refer to his slaveholding these es7sa^' M^; ^add used the
without tears. nomme ae plume Philanthropos.
On the death of his father in 1806, Nor were the propaganda efforts
Captain Ladd left Florida and went of Ladd confined to pen messages,
to sea again. Perhaps this would In public addresses he championed
have been his lifelong occupation had the great cause which had laid such
not the War of 1812 compelled him firm hold upon his own soul. His
to abandon the sea. About 1814, he first public utterance was in an agri-
removed to Minot, Maine, where he cultural speech. But presently we
made his home on a large farm which find him, in February, 1824, address-
his father had owned at the time of ing the Peace Society of Maine at
his death. He bought out the rights Portland. On July 4, 1825, he spoke
of his brothers in this farm. Here on peace before the Peace Society
he lived until his own death. of Oxford County, Maine, at Sumner
Of the next eight or nine years after in that state. On the nation's natal
his removal to Minot little is recorded, day a year later he delivered an ora-
Mr. Ladd worked hard, erecting build- tion at Exeter, N. H., his native town.
ings, setting out trees, and raising In December of the same year (1826),
stock (especially sheep). He loved he appeared before the Massachu-
agriculture. During this period, too, setts Peace Society at its meeting
he joined the Congregational Church in Boston. The Portland and Boston
of Minot, probably about 1818. addresses were reprinted in London.
How did this thrifty, energetic, But Ladd was a born organizer,
successful sea captain and farmer be- And on Christmas, 1823, the Peace
come interested in international peace? Society of Minot, Maine, was formed.
Happily he himself tells us. In 1819, Of this he became the Corresponding
he was at the bedside of the dying Secretary. Through his tireless en-
Jesse Appleton, President of Bowdoin thusiasm, the Maine Peace Society,
College, and President of the Maine which had become quiescent, was
Peace Society. In almost ecstatic re-organized. In 1826 he organized
gladness, Dr. Appleton enumerated six peace societies. During these
some of the forces that were operating campaigns in the war against war,
for the improvement of the world. Ladd conceived the idea of a national
With prophetic vision the venerable peace society. For this he labored
clergyman and educator and reformer with tongue and pen, going on lecture
named, among other organized agen- tours through the Middle West and
cies, the peace societies. This tes- New York, patiently overcoming ob-
timony of Dr. Appleton made a last- stacles until, on May 8, 1828, at a
ing impression upon Mr. Ladd. And meeting held in New York City, the
the reading of Noah Worcester's American Peace Society was organ-
Solemn Review of the Custom of War ized. Over half a hundred different
and other peace tracts deepened this state and city societies merged them-
impression. selves in this new national organiza-
In July 1823, Ladd began the pub- tion, which has been working
lication of his first series of Essays on continuously ever since 1828 and is
Peace and War in the Christian Mir- today the officially recognized organ-
ror, at Portland. These essays, to ized peace movement in America. Of
the number of thirty-two, were gath- the new society William Ladd was not
ered into a little volume and thus re- only the founder, but the first Corres-
William Ladd, the Apostle of Peace
275
ponding Secretary, Editor and General
Agent.
In the same month in which the
American Peace Society was organ-
ized, Mr. Ladd commenced the publi-
cation of The Harbinger of Peace, a
monthly duodecimo of
Its circulation was about
per month. For three
Ladd continued to edit
organ of the American Peace Society.
In May, 1831, he was compelled by
ill health to lay down this editorial
burden. The name of the paper was
24 pages.
1500 copies
years Mr.
this official
These afterwards were published in
book form. In addition to his three
series of essays, the following volumes
issued from his pen: The Sword or
Christmas Presents, Howard and Na-
poleon Contrasted, The French Sol-
dier, History of Alexander the Great,
etc.
William Ladd literally wore him-
self out in labors for peace. In May,
1833, he was taken sick in New York
and was not able to reach his home
until June. For an entire year he
was obliged to remain quiet. When
William Ladd
changed to The Calumet. The initial
number of the Calumet, which was a
bi-monthlv, was published May-June,
1831. In 1835, The Advocate of
Peace superseded The Calumet as the
official bulletin of the American Peace
Society. The Advocate is now pub-
lished monthly in Washington and is
the ablest and most influential peace
publication in the world.
In 1836 and 1837, Mr. Ladd pub-
lished in the Christian Mirror a series
of twenty-two essays on "Obstacles
and Objections to the Cause of Peace."
the annual meeting of the American
Peace Society was held in New York
May, 1834, its founder was un-
able to attend. In a beautiful letter
of greetings, however, he made a
liberal contribution of money for the
carrying on of the work. In 1840 and
1841 he undertook an extensive lec-
ture tour in western Massachusetts
and New York. He planned also a
trip into Ohio. But he was obliged
to abandon the Ohio itinerary. His
last address was delivered in Caze-
novia Seminary. Elihu Burritt de-
276
The Granite Monthly
scribes how Mr. Ladd, when unable
to stand, would prop himself up on
his knees in the pulpit and preach
the gospel of peace with a fervor
almost divine.
Knowing that his work was done,
William Ladd started homeward. He
arrived at Portsmouth, N. H., at
7.30 p. m., April 9, 1841. He knelt
with Mrs. Ladd and prayed. Retir-
ing, at about 10 o'clock, he breathed
his last immediately on lying down.
A monument, erected by the Ameri-
can Peace Society, marks the grave
of the "Apostle of Peace" in the
South Cemetery, Portsmouth.
As already intimated, the great
contribution which William Ladd
made to civilization was his project
for a Congress of Nations, embracing
both an international legislature and
a court. At the first annual meeting
of the American Peace Society (1829 J
a small prize was offered for the best
essay on the subject. But the re-
sults were unsatisfactory. In 1831
Mr. Ladd published a dissertation on
this subject in the Harbinger of Peace.
This article was issued as a pamphlet
and was the first work on this subject
ever printed in America. In the same
year (1831), the American Peace
Society offered a prize of $500 for the
best essay on the subject, and a prize
of $100 for the next best essay. For
certain reasons no award was made'.
The prize was then raised to $1,000.
Out of the essays submitted, five were
selected for publication. To these
was added a sixth, from the pen of
William Ladd. These six essays in
1840 were published in a large, hand-
some volume of 706 pages. Ele-
gantly bound copies of this book were
presented to the rulers of the various
nations. Ladd's essay was reprinted
in Great Britian and circulated by
thousands. It is interesting to note
that the international institutions at
The Hague gradually are taking shape
along the structural lines sketched
out by William Ladd.
Of fine personal appearance and
simplicity of manner, William Ladd
was genial, humorous and a prince of
story-tellers. He was the life of any
company of which he was a member.
He had perfect mastery of his temper
and was a peacemaker in theory and
practice. His hearty laugh was most
contagious. He used to say "I'm
afraid I shall never grow up and be
dignified; I shall never be anything
but a Ladd."
He took his religion in earnest,
giving up his wine in order to en-
courage poor men to give up their
rum. He split up his cider-mill be-
cause one of his "hired men" got
drunk on cider made in said mill.
He abandoned the use of tobacco,
and, with the money thus saved,
educated a heathen boy, through the
American Board. His devotion to
the peace cause bordered on the sub-
lime. No reform ever was served
with purer disinterestedness than
William Ladd's dedication of himself
to the war against war.
Through his influence, many were
influenced to accept pacifism. Among
these we may name Thomas C.
Upham, Andrew P. Peabody, George
C . Beckwith, Thomas S. Grimke, and
William Watson. Charles Sumner,
whose "Addresses on War" became
almost the Bible of the peace move-
ment, bears this testimony: "When
scarcely nine years old it was my
fortune to listen to President Quincy's
address before the Peace Society,
delivered in the Old South Church.
It made a deep and lasting impres-
sion on my mind. ... A lecture
which I heard from William Ladd,
in the old court-house at Cambridge,
shortly after I left college, confirmed'
these impressions." Elihu Burritt,
who did so much to organize the great
peace congresses in the middle of the
nineteenth century, confessed him-
self a disciple of William Ladd, and,
as one of his successors, "felt it his
duty to present the proposition (of a
Congress of Nations) pure and simple
as his master developed it, at the
great Peace Congresses at Brussels,
Paris, Frankfort and London; and
to-day it stands before the world,
the scheme of William Ladd. . . .
William La 'Id, the Apostle of Peace
277
When America comes to make up her
jewels, or to compare them with the
jewels of other nations, it is doubtful
if she will be able to show a life of
longer radius and serener light than
the life of William Ladd. This . . .
farmer arose, by the power breathed
into his soul, to the very first order
and rank of that nobility of the great
world which numbers but a few men
in a single age."
As early as 1825 there was a New
Hampshire Peace Society. This dis-
appeared. But on February 1, 1912,
there was organized, at Manchester,
The New Hampshire Peace Society.
President Ernest Fox Nichols, of
Dartmouth College, was chosen Pres-
ident; and W. W. Thayer, of Con-
cord, Secretary. Eminent people,
representing all parts of the state,
are Honorary Vice Presidents. A
strong membership is being built up,
and the young society promises to be
an efficient reinforcement to the organ-
ized peace movement. In his address
before the meeting at which organi-
zation was effected, Mr. Edwin D.
Mead said: ''No man in the early
history of the movement did greater
work than William Ladd, of New
Hampshire. He anticipated every
point in the recent Hague program
and all the great international de-
mands of to-day. In organizing a
New Hampshire society, his native
state is taking steps toward rearing
his most fitting monument."
William Ladd died too soon to see
the doctrine of evolution formulated
and hear it scientifically expounded.
But his statesmanlike vision, sturdy
good sense and warm human sym-
pathy enabled him to discern the
trend of history. He dedicated his
life "to work with God at love," as
Airs. Browning so exquisitely says.
To pacifists of today is it given to see
history headed in their direction.
But it took a brave man to dream the
peace dream 93 years ago, when the
vision first flooded the mind of Wil-
liam Ladd. But Ladd was a big,
brave man. To cowards, the times
never are ripe for forward steps of
progress. To men like William Ladd
the time always is ripe for next steps
forward. Such characters are the
scouts and pioneers of civilization,
the very elite of humanity.
Well did William Ladd, the brave,
brainy, radiant Apostle of Peace,
deserve the sonnet which William
Lloyd Garrison dedicated to him in
the first volume of The Liberator:
"Theconquerersof earth have had their day —
Their fame lies weltering in a bloody shroud ;
As Crime and Desolation haste away,
So fade their glory and their triumphs proud.
Great Advocate ! a fairer wreath be thine,
Base Envy cannot soil, nor Time destroy;
Thou art enlisted in a cause divine,
Which yet shall fill all earth and heaven
with joy.
To calm the passions of a hostile world;
To make content and happiness increase;
In every clime to see that flag unfurled,
Long since uplifted by the Prince of Peace:
This is thy soul's desire, thy being's aim,
No barrier can impede, no opposition tame."
A HERO
Moses Gage Shirley
We like the man who dares to put
His genius to the test ,
Who does his best from day to day
And leaves to Heaven the rest.
AGAIN WE COME
Read at the Old Home Day Meeting in Lempster, August 20, 1912
By Henry H. Metcalf
Again we come, from far and near —
Surviving pilgrims, gathered here —
Each one to greet, with friendly hand,
Some spared survivor of the band
Of brothers true and sisters dear,
Who lived and labored, year by year,
In the far days of long ago,
Whose joys we never more shall know,
Except as graven on the page
Of Memory, for the night of Age.
We sadly note, with moistened eye,
The place once filled by those who lie
In yonder "City of the dead,"
Or scattered graves, the land o'erspread.
To-day we miss the forms of some
Who fondly welcomed others home
In recent years, the joys to share,
Of "Old Home Day," devoid of care.
We misys the voices, kind and sweet,
Long wont each presence here to greet.
Thin grow the ranks, as time goes by;
Less firm the step, more dim the eye,
Feebler the voice; but may it be
Ne'er said with truth of you or me,
The heart grows cold as time goes by,
And Old Home loves and friendships die!
Oh, spirits of the dead and gone —
Just men, true women — long passed on —
Souls of the Miners, Careys, Moores,
The Smiths and Sabins, from whose doors
Went strength and cheer in olden days
To speed men on in virtue's ways;
Souls of the Spauldings, Parkers, Chase,
Aliens and Perleys — stalwart race —
Huntoons and Pollards, Collins, Bruce,
Beckwiths, who made with Wrong no truce;
Souls of the Hurds, the Keyes, the Ways,
The Fullers, faithful all their days;
The Taylors, Thorntons, Davis, all
Again We Come 279
Who never shirked from duty's call;
Of Dudley. Jennings, Thompson, Dame,
Fletcher and Abell, known to fame;
Of Honey, Richardson and Field,
Spencer, who ne'er the right would yield;
Of Roundy, Youngman, Tandy, Gee,
Standing for all that makes men free;
Of Noyes and Twitchell, Blanchard, Breed,
E'er ready in the time of need;
Of Newell, Walker, Frink and Gale;
Young, Hull, and Cram, ne'er known to fail;
Of Bingham, Hosier, Rogers, George,
Of Miller, sturdy at his forge;
Of Thissell, Nichols, Tenney, Booth,
Makepeace and Wilcox, strong for truth;
Oh, soul of him, the friend of all,
Responsive e'er to suffering's call,
The good physician, sure and true,
Who wrought, all life's long journey through,
To ease the pains and cure the ills
Of those who dwelt 'mid Lempster's hills;
Souls of the good, the brave, the strong,
With labor ended, marching on;
Souls of the sweet, the pure, the true,
Now passed beyond the ether blue:
Bend down, oh spirits of the just
As we look up with faith and trust,
Inspire our hearts with courage true,
The remnant of our work to do!
THE CATHEDRAL PINES
Bii Frederick J. Alien
Like sentinels of somber hue and green.
Tall, stately, and majestic, row on row.
And straight as any arrow sped from bow,
These old pines stand. Soft shadows lie between,
And wandering lights from over-arching sheen
Fall downward on the needles brown below.
Through these cool, fragrant forest deeps there flow
The sweetest strains of nature's fair demesne*
0 here is place for loitering lovers' feet.
And here fond hearts their secrets may reveal;
Here one the far thoughts of his youth may meet,
And all the wounds of life's stern battle heal;
And 'neath the organ harmony of pine
The rapt soul here may bow at nature's shrine.
A LIVING CHURCH IN A DEAD VILLAGE
H. Addington Bruce in Boston Transcript
It was in the late afternoon of a mid-
summer day that I discovered the
living church in the dead village. I
had set out some hours before from
the restful, hill-surrounded New
Hampshire town of Marlboro for a
tramp to the northern slopes that
front Monadnock, and, having gained
sundry excellent vantage points from
which to view that solitary, granite-
crowned mountain, I found myself
hurrying along a silent, sombre, ill-
kept road, hemmed in on one hand by
an almost impenetrable forest of
pines, on the other by a wilderness of
birches. Soon, though, my pace
slackened, for the road began to climb
— up, up, always up — amid a country
so wild and savage that, excepting
only for the proofs of man's handi-
work in the shambling road and in an
occasional stretch of fallen wall, one
might well have deemed it a region
given over from time primeval to
desolate unoccupation. Then sud-
denly at the top of the mile-long hill
I swung into a little clearing, and
before me stood the church.
Strangely out of place it seemed in
this tangled solitude of tree and
brier. Of other signs of human occu-
pancy there was none, save to the
right and on the very edge of the clear-
ing a decrepit, storm-battered cot-
tage, evidently abandoned by its
last occupants these many years.
Sharply in contrast was the church,
with its square, two-storied belfry,
its fresh coat of green and white,
shining dazzlingly in the sunlight, its
well-trimmed stretch of grass about
the door, and the equally well-
trimmed bushes that sprang from
the grass. Vital and fresh and clean
it looked, precisely the sort of church
one would expect to find in an ancient
but still flourishing New' England
town.
Whereas, the actuality was that
not only did it have no town around
it, but throughout the surrounding
country, for many a mile, there was
scarcely an occupied dwelling place.
Here and there, perchance, an iso-
lated farm, but in the main it was
girt on every side by almost unbroken
forest. Yet, manifestly, from the
care bestowed upon it, and from the
marks of many wheels in the rough
ground of the clearing, it was still a
living church — a church still used for
the service of God. But who were
those that worshipped in it? Whence
did they come? And how had this
old church escaped the fate that all
too clearly had overtaken the village
which it must have once graced?
Why, again, had that village been
blotted out?
Such were the questions that surged
up in my mind, when I gazed for the
first time at the "Roxbury Meeting-
house," as this woodland church is
known to the people of Keene, Marl-
boro, Chesham, Nelson, Dublin and
other neighboring towns. Decidedly,
I felt, not only the church but Rox-
bury itself must have had an inter-
esting history, and I resolved that,
as opportunity offered, I would glean
what I could concerning both church
and village. The result has been to
give me an added respect for the
New England spirit, and a keener
appreciation of the part the religious
instinct has played, and still plays,
in the life of New England.
For from first to last, the church
has been the central fact in the life
of Roxbury. Indeed, in a very real
sense it was the cause of Roxbury;
for, had it not been for the desire of
the people of the region to have a
church of their own there . would
never have been a Roxbury. These
people were farmer folk, who, settling
in that section in the years just before
and just after the Revolution, found
themselves remote from any centre
A Living church in a Dead Village
281
of the religious observances that
meant much to them. To the church
in Keene it was five miles, over poor
roads; to the church in Marlboro an
equal distance, over roads fully as
bad; and, though nearer to the church
in Nelson, the roads thitherward were
worse.
Consequently, as time passed, and
the settlers increased in numbers,
they felt increasing need for a church
of their own. And accordingly, in
the first decade of the nineteenth
century, they petitioned the Legis-
lature to let them set up for them-
selves, seceding from Keene, Marl-
boro and Nelson, each of which had
jurisdiction over some part of the
country in which the petitioners lived.
For some years the opposition of
Keene — which is today, by the way,
one of the most delightful of the
smaller New England cities — kept
them, so to speak, in bondage. But
in 1812 their petition was granted,
and in that same year, while the rest
of the nation was in a ferment over
the war with Great Britain, the
people of Roxbury celebrated their
local independence by laying the
foundations for a house of God.
Not that they were without interest
in the struggle with Great Britain.
On the contrary, they had represen-
tatives in the War of 1812, valiantly
upholding the national cause; just as,
forty years earlier, men of Roxbury —
or that afterwards became Roxbury
■ — cast aside theii spades and axes,
and enlisted in the Army of the
Revolution.
The first settler in the Roxbury
district was a Massachusetts man
with the picturesque name of Breed
Batchelder, and with a career as pic-
turesque as his name. He was born
in Wenham, but moved with his
parents to Brookfield when a lad of
only seven. While still very young
he took part in the French and Indian
War, serving in the Ticonderoga
campaign. After the war he became
a surveyor, prospered exceedingly,
and in 1704 acquired a large tract of
land in the then unoccupied and sel-
dom visited Roxbury wilderness.
Two years later he moved there,
breaking ground and building himself
a home — -of which only a ruined cellar-
hole remains about a mile from the
little clearing in which the Roxbury
church stands today.
Quite possibly it was Breed Batch-
elder's ambition to emulate those
famous nabobs of Rhode Island, the
lords of the Narrangansett planta-
tions. At any rate, from time to
time he added to his land-holdings,
until he became a notable proprietor,
and was recognized as the leading
man in his community, holding office
in every township in which he pos-
sessed land. Unfortunately for him
when the crisis with Great Britain
became acute, and every man was
forced to come into the open and
declare himself, Breed Batchelder
still further followed the example of
the Narrangansett planters, and re-
fused to throw7 in his lot with the
patroits. In fact, he made it very
evident that he was a "stubborn"
and "contumacious" Tory, and
promptly found himself in serious
trouble with his neighbors, almost all of
whom were ardent friends of freedom.
At first their hostility was confined
to unpleasant remarks and the break-
ing of his political power. After
1774 his name — conspicuous until
then — appears no more in the lists of
town officers. But his Toryism ulti-
mately became so exasperating that,
in the spring of 1777, he was seized
and lodged in the Keene jail, from
which he was quickly released on the
failure to prove any specific charge
against him. Returning home he
found that feeling was by this time
running so high that his life was in
danger; whereupon he prudently dis-
appeared, taking refuge, according to
local tradition, in a cave about eighty
rods from his house.
Here, the story goes, he remained
three months, seldom venturing out,
and then only by night, the food he
needed being brought to him by his
devoted wife. Meanwhile the Rox-
bury patroits, eager to capture and
282
The Granite Monthly
hang him, kept up a sharp watch
and one day a couple of them came
so perilously close to his hiding-place
that, thinking it must soon be dis-
covered, he determined to save him-
self by flight. But first he insisted
on saying farewell to his children, and
arranged with his wife to have them
sent, early in the morning, to a
secluded nook in the forest.
Here a little party of patriots sur-
prised him; but, it appears, were
themselves surprised at coming upon
him unexpectedly. Younger than
they, and fleet of foot, he fled to his
home; where his wife, with a woman's
quick wit, held the enemy at bay with
a kettle of boiling water, whilst Breed,
hurrying out through the back door
made good his escape, and joined the
British army, in which he was given
a captain's commission. Only once
again did the patroits of Roxbury ever
catch a glimpse of him. This was at
the Battle of Bennington, when one
of them, recognizing him in the uni-
form of a captain of Colonel Peters'
corps of "Queen's Rangers," took
careful aim and severely wounded
him. "I have done for Breed Batch-
elder," was his boasting comment,
"for I aimed at him as closely as ever
I took aim at a turkey."
But he was mistaken. Albeit never
completely recovering from the wound
Batchelder survived the war. Then,
knowing that it would be madness to
return to New Hampshire, where his
vast estates had been confiscated by
the State authorities, he sailed, as
many another Tory did, to England,
to lay his wrongs before King George
and seek indemnity. And, like many
another Tory, he was rewarded with
a grant of land in Canada; where, in
1785, he met his death by drowning,
as a result of a boating accident in
Annapolis Basin.
Oddly enough, neither his wife nor
any of his children joined him in exile.
Perhaps they were hoping against
hope that it would yet be possible for
him to come home and take up anew
the life that had been so rudely inter-
rupted. Whatever the reason, they
remained in Roxbury, and to the
present day descendants of Tory
Breed Batchelder are to be found in
adjoining New Hampshire towns.
But, as was said, Roxbury did not
become Roxbury until 1812, on its
establishment as an independent mu-
nicipality by act of the New Hampshire
Legislature. The church which was
then built — and which also served as
a town hall, and as a gathering place
for "singing school" and other rural
entertainments — soon became the cen-
tre of a flourishing little settlement.
Since 1800 there had been a grist mill
on Roaring Brook, about a mile south
of the church and near the foot of the
long hill leading up to the church
from Marlboro. Other industries
were gradually established, including
a cabinet-making plant, in which were
manufactured not only tables, chairs
and other articles of household furni-
ture, but also the coffins which, in
the little graveyard west of the church,
hold all that remains of the pioneers
of Roxbury. There was, of course, a
schoolhouse, general store and smithy.
A stage brought in the mail. Near
the church stood the parsonage
— not a vestige of which can now be
seen, its site being completely covered
by forest undergrowth — and not far
from the parsonage the village doctor
made his home.
In fact, so populous did Roxbury
become that, by the late forties, it
was decided to tear down the old
meetinghouse and replace it by a new
one, one more attractive in appear-
ance and less "old-fashioned." It
is this second church, built to a con-
siderable extent from the timbers of
its predecessor, that alone remains in
the forest clearing to testify to the
vanished charms of the Roxbury
that once was. The dedication of
the church, as may be imagined,
was a solemn and joyous occasion for
its builders. And from the very outset
it was even more a centre of village
life than the first church had been.
It was — and is — a church of pecu-
liar interior arrangement, for the
A Living Church in a Dead Village
283
pulpit was located between the two
inner entry doors, which the pews
consequently faced, to the unending
embarrassment of late comers. There
was also an upper story, the scene in
after days of many a town meeting
and of many festive gatherings.
Once, it is recorded, a couple of
audacious young men of the neighbor-
hood even ventured to give a dance
in the church hall, thereby bringing
upon themselves widespread and fiery
condemnation. But it had also gather-
ings that were not at all festive.
Here, in the dark days of the Civil
War, the women of Roxbury daily
met to make clothes and prepare
supplies for the men who had gone
to the front.
It is to be noted, though, that by a
strange coincidence the decline of
Roxbury set in almost with the com-
pletion of the new church. There
was no sudden falling off in its pros-
perity and population, which at one
time amounted, all told, to between
four and five hundred souls — of whom,
of course, only a small proportion
lived in the village. The decline was
a gradual process. But it continued
without a break, without even a
momentary return to the genial activ-
ity of earlier times. And, so com-
plete has it been that today, through-
out the entire Roxbury district, there
are but thirteen residents of voting
power, not one of whom has his home
within a mile of the deserted village.
According to Mr. Charles A. Bemis,
a venerable citizen of Marlboro, the
historian of that town, and now
engaged in writing a history of Nelson
— of which, as of Marlboro, Roxbury
was once a part — many factors have
contributed to its steady depopula-
tion. Here, in effect, is how he
accounts for this:
"Roxbury is, as you know, a
peculiarly isolated region. While
Keene and Marlboro, Chesham and
Harrisville, have a good railway
service, Roxbury has none, the line of
the Boston & Maine merely passing
through one corner of it. Formerly,
before the railway came in at all, lack
of transportation facilities was not
so keenly felt. But, with competing
towns thus favored in getting access
to markets, the people of Roxbury
found themselves under a great hand-
icap.
"Besides this, Roxbury was never
particularly well adapted for farm-
ing. It is too much a region of steep
hills, and of rocky soils. Nor, under
the changed conditions of the past
fifty years, could a livelihood be
gained in it by manufactures. Not
only would it be difficult to get the
finished products to market, but
there is not enough water power for
manufacturing purposes on any scale.
"But what chiefly started Roxbury
on the downward path was the fever
for Western migration that set in
fifty or sixty years ago. The prospect
of being able to gain a living from the
soil without being obliged to keep
perpetually clearing one's land of
rocks and stones, was too tempting
to be resisted. One man after another
sold out, or left his farm unsold, and
removed to Ohio, to Indiana, and
even to points farther West. The
success of these induced others to do
likewise. Finally, during the past
thirty years, the children of those
who remained in Roxbury were in-
fected by the movement to the big
cities, never returning, except for
occasional visits, to the homesteads,
which went to rack and ruin after the
old folks died off. These are the
principal reasons why Roxbury is
as you now find it."
However, even if Roxbury is a
town with a past and without a
future, it assuredly still has a firm
hold on the affections of its scattered
sons and daughters, and the religious
devotions of their forefathers is still
strong in them. There is a Roxbury
Association — founded, I believe, by
the late Mrs. Willard of Keene, who
was born in the Davis homestead in
Roxbury — having as its special object
the maintenance of the old church
in a good state of preservation.
When services arc held in the church,
as they are at intervals every sum-
284 The Granite Monthly
mer, it is nearly always crowded to more in the church that they attended
the doors, old Roxburyites driving — as boys and girls, and of visiting the
and in some cases walking — miles forest graveyard where their fathers
for the privilege of worshipping once and mothers sleep.
THE GARRISONS OF DOVER
By P. L. F.
Hidden in old Dover's records, buried deep in musty tomes
— Annals of the Pascataqua and its old colonial homes —
Strange romances of past ages more than half forgotten lie,
Strange romances glowing with a charm that cannot die.
As I pondered o'er those volumes, written in a long dead day,
From their crumbling time-stained pages there trooped forth in dim array-
Council, Commonwealth and King, — He who on the scaffold died —
Explorers, Grantees, Colonists, pressed forward, side by side,
French soldiers, Indians, Jesuit Priests came from those pages gray
And infants in their cradles, unspared in fierce foray.
Nuns who in Quebec's cloisters taught many a captive maid
Whose parents, scalped and tortured, lay in some New Hampshire glade,
Puritans stern and Quakers mild and formal Churchmen, too,
Rose from those moldy folios to pass in strange review,
Soldiers, Woodsmen, Sailors, all of a by-gone age,
Clad in their quaint old costumes stepped forth from every page,
In stout, log-built garrisons, by brave defenders manned,
As when Indian and Frenchman descended on the land,
Homes of Otis and of Waldron, besieged in wild forays,
Of Gerrish, Varney, Meserve and Paine and Heard and Hayes,
Of Pinkham, Pike and Tuttle, who knew each Indian ruse,
Of Knight and Field and Tibbets and the Coffins, Dames and Drewrs,
The fort about the meeting house— a massive oaken wrall —
With sentinels who stood upon its sconces, strong and tall,
And scanned the Great Bay's wide expanse, the Pascataqua' s, tide,
Gazed o'er the NeW'ichwrannock, and where Bellamy's waters glide.
The worshippers who gathered there, as by their faith impelled,
With flint-locks, stacked wdthin the porch, in fancy I beheld.
Then came the sack of Dover when death rode on the gale,
For Indian statagem made wray, where force could not prevail.
The squaws who sought for shelter as fell the eventide;
The hospitable colonists who welcomed them inside,
The treacherous opening of the door, brave Major Waldron's fall,
The ruined homes of Dover, beneath a smoke pall ;
The wailing of the children, the Indian's hideous yell,
All that tale of blood and anguish human tongue may never tell.
Visions these of days departed— phantoms born within the brain,
For the dwellers in those pages ne'er shall walk the earth again.
The garrisons of Dover have sunk back to mother dust ;
Likewise their brave defenders, as all things earthly must.
Time has called them, they have answrered his decree.
But their story lives forever in New Hampshire history.
SWEDENBORGIANISM IN NEW HAMPSHIRE
By Charles Hardon
The people known as being identified
with this cult do not ordinarily call
themselves Swedenborgians. The re-
ligious body that accepts the doc-
trines set forth by Swedenborg calls
itself the "New Jerusalem Church,"
or, in a shortened form, the "New
Church." They do not claim to be
wholly or exclusively the New Church
in the world, but they stand for it and
represent it.
The name "New Jerusalem" is
taken from Revelations 21:2, where
it is said "And I, John, saw the holy
city, New Jerusalem, coming down
from God out of heaven." By the
New Jerusalem is understood a new
church, or rather a new state of the
church on earth, deriving new doc-
trines and new impulses from heaven
and being a new development of the
religious life, both in thought and
motive, and being eventually the
fulfillment of the prophecies of the
gospels and the book of Revelations
regarding the Lord's second, coming.
The only church in New Hamp-
shire known by this name is at Con-
toocook. There is a society here hav-
ing about fourteen members, and a
number of these are non-resident.
There is a German Society in Man-
chester, but they have no church
building. Some years ago there was a
church building there, privately owned,
in which services were held in English
and there have always been some
English speaking people in Manches-
ter who have held services of their
own, though not constantly.
The town history of Hopkinton, by
the late C. C. Lord, gives the fol-
lowing facts with regard to the church
in Contoocook: "The New Jerusalem
Church, commonly called the 'New
Church,' was founded through the
missionary labors of the Rev. Abiel
Silver, a native of this town, who
first preached a number of discourses
in the LTnion Church in Contoocook
in the summer of 1851. Rev. Mr.
Silver was then a resident of Michi-
gan, visiting his old home and famil-
iar scenes. In a year or two after,
further interest in the New Church
was awakened in Contoocook and
vicinity. Rev. Mr. Silver returned,
and preached at length and finally con-
cluded to make the village his per-
manent place of residence. In 1857
a permanent church organization was
effected. On the 24th of May of that
year, the Rev. Thos. Worcester, of
Boston, instituted the society con-
sisting of twenty-two members, resi-
dents of Contoocook."
Rev. Mr. Silver continued as the
minister till 1858. He was succeeded
by Rev. Geo. H. Marston, who con-
tinued till 1862. During the Civil
War the society was served by differ-
ent ministers who preached occasion-
ally, but lay reading became custom-
ary, Walter S. Davis conducting the
services. Rev. Mr. Silver, in a way,
had the oversight of the Society till
1870, preaching here as he had oppor-
tunity, in connection with his rela-
tions with a' new society at Boston
Highlands. During this period J. ( '.
Ager of Warner, and ( '. C. Lord of
Hopkinton, became New Church min-
isters and preached for the society
at various intervals. In 1871 Rev.
Charles Hardon, of Massachusetts,
was employed as pastor of the ( Jhurch
and preceptor of the school, called the
Contoocook Academy, which had been
established a number of years before
by New Church people, and intended
as a New ( !hurch School. It was not,
however, continued as such after 1871,
and has since 1885 been discontinued
altogether.
Of late years there have been sev-
eral ministers occupying the pulpit
for one or more years, among them
being Rev. Manford Lilliefors, Rev. J.
B. Shiers, Rev. Warren Goddard and
Rev. G. M. Ward. For the last year
286
The Granite Monthly
the pulpit has been supplied by Mr.
L. E. Wethey, a student in the New
Church Theological School in Cam-
bridge, Mass.
The church building was largely
remodeled in 1908, a tower erected and
a new roof constructed. Since that a
bell and clock have been placed in the
tower. Services have been constantly
maintained since 1871, the society
being connected with the Massachu-
setts Association which contributes
to some extent for its support.
The system of religious doctrines
upheld by this church was first pro-
mulgated by Emanuel Swedenborg,
of Stockholm, Sweden, about the
middle of the 18th century. Sweden-
borg claims to have been specially
commissioned by the Lord to give
these doctrines to the world. They
are based on what is called the inter-
nal sense of the Bible, or ''Word," or
the Word spiritually interpreted.
These doctrines are both Trinitarian
and Unitarian, and yet neither of
these as commonly understood. They
teach that Christ is God, only "mani-
fest in the flesh," thus that God is one
God in one Person and not in three
persons and that Jesus Christ was
and is that One Person; in other
words that the Divine Trinity is
analogous to the human trinity, of
soul, body and the life proceeding
from these two; the Father in the
Lord answering to the Soul in man,
the Son to the Body and the Holy
Spirit to the Life proceeding from the
union of the two. Thus the trinity
in God is like the trinity in every man,
but in God after an infinite and divine
pattern and in man after a merely
human and finite pattern. Yet one
so illustrates the other that the trinity
in God is a rational and comprehen-
sible doctrine.
The doctrine of the Atonement is
modified by the idea of the Divine
Trinity. The "Trinitarian" doctrine
involves the idea of three personalities
in God, but when God is one person
the Atonement becomes an at-one-
ment, which was the object of the
Divine becoming "manifest in the
flesh."
The LTnitarian idea that the Father
is God and Christ is not God, denies
the fact of God having become "man-
ifest in the flesh."
The New Church is "Evangelical"
because while it claims that Christ
is Divine it believes that in Him is the
whole trinity, comparatively as in
man his soul is a part of his own per-"*
son and his life is an out birth of the
union of the two.
Swedenborgian doctrines teach that
heaven and hell were not made for
men but by and through men, com-
paratively as a fine residence or a dis-
reputable one in the world is made
by and for the man who occupies it;
and that they continue such as long
as they are wanted.
A prominent New Church doctrine
is that of correspondences which
is that everything in heaven, earth
and hell, is an outgrowth, and pic-
ture, or true representative, of things
in the mind and soul of man, as, for
instance, that warmth or heat, is a
correspondence of love; and light, of
wisdom or knowledge. By this cor-
respondence it is claimed that the
things of religion and the spiritual life
are reduced to a scientific basis and
become matters of certainty instead
of mere speculation.
THE FOREST
By L. J. H. Frost
Come out with me into the forest,
The forest so dark and dim,
Where dame Nature hides her secrets
And chants her sweet matin hymn.
Down where the timid blue violets
Take their first look at the sky,
Then modestly hide their faces
While the wanton zephyrs pass by.
Sit down by the edge of the brooklet,
And hark to its glad, wild song,
With its chorus of gleeful laughter
While the water dances along.
Shake hands with the nodding rushes
That stand by the side of the' stream ;
Inviting to restful slumber
In which you may quietly dream.
Lay your ear to the verdant grasses,
Perhaps you may hear them tell
How they find their way through the brown earth
And carpet the land so well.
Now list to the lark's song of triumph,
While he soars toward the azure sky;
It seems to say — "Mortals despair not,
God careth for you and I."
Down close by the foot of the oak tree,
By the house that he made without door,
Sits a squirrel, could he speak he might tell
Who taught him to garner his winter store.
Let us list to the hum of the insects
That live in each sylvan retreat;
They seem to speak of contentment
And a life that is pure and sweet.
And now we will thank dame Nature
For the lessons learned today;
And know that from humblest teacher
We may learn to praise and pray.
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
REV. WARREN R. COCHRANE:, D. D.
Rev. Warren R. Cochrane, D. D., born in
New Boston, August 25, 1S35, died in Antrim
June 17, 1912.
Doctor Cochrane was the eighth child of
Hon. Robert B. and Elizabeth Warren
Cochrane, and was educated at Francestown
Academy and Dartmouth College, graduating
from the latter in 1859. He taught for a
year or two in New Boston, and was for a
time a tutor at Dartmouth. In April, 1866,
he was licensed to preach by the Deny and
Manchester Presbyterian Association, and
preached for two summers at Harrisville but
located in Antrim January 1, 1868 as acting
pastor of the Presbyterian Church in that
town and was formally ordained March 18,
1869, holding the pastorate continuously and
successfully until December 29, 1907 when
he preached his farewell sermon after a service
of forty years.
He was the author of the History of Antrim,
one of the best of our New Hampshire town
histories, and had also published a volume of
poems. He was deeply interested in edu-
cational affairs and all matters pertaining to
the welfare of the community, and was highly
esteemed by the people of Antrim, regardless
of religious distinctions.
He married Lilla C. Cochran of New Bos-
ton, who survives him with one son Hayward.
A daughter, Susie E., born in 1872, died in
the autumn of 1896.
REV. ROLAND D. GRANT, D. D.
Roland Dwight Grant, D. D., for some
years past a summer resident at Waterloo,
Warner, and at one time pastor of the First
Baptist Church in Concord, died at his resi-
dence in the former place August 21, 1912,
after a long illness.
Doctor Grant was a native of Windsor,
Conn., born August 24, 1851, the son of
Naaman and Sarah (Clough) Grant, and of
the eighth generation from Matthew Grant
the first of the family in America. He was
educated at Colby University, Waterville,
Me., received the degree A. M. from Colgate
University in 1887, and that of Doctor of
Divinity from Colfax College in 1894. He
was ordained to the Baptist ministry, Sep-
tember 11, 1887, and served as pastor of the
Yassar College Church at Poughkeepsie,
N. Y., for some time, subsequently holding
various pastorates in and around Boston, and
later, at Portland. Oregon and Vancouver,
British Columbia. He was pastor of the
First Baptist Church in Concord, for two
years, succeeding Rev. Cephas B. Crane in
December 1896, and was the minister of an
independent society in the same city for a
year or two, afterward, returning then to
the Pacific Coast, where, at Portland, Oregon,
he was instrumental in the erection of the
"White Temple," seating 2500 people.
He was a writer of note, but more widely
know as a lecturer than in any other capacity,
in which line he travelled all over the continent
and was brilliantly successful. It i^ stated
that he had crossed the continent fifty tunes
and had addressed 11,000 audiences.
He was a member of the International
Lyceum Association, the American Baptist
Missionary Union, the Home Missionary and
Publication Societies, the Boston Theological
Library, the Grant Family Association of Amer-
ica, and the British Columbia Art, History
and Scientific Association. He was a charter
member of the Mazama Mountain Club for"
Scientific Exploration, and had a record of
conquering many of the highest peaks in th<.
Canadian Rockies. He also held membership
in the Appalachian Mountain Club, and the
National Geographic Society.
June 2, 1874, Dr. Grant married Mahala
C. Bean, at Waterloo, who survives him,
with two married daughters. His remains
were interred in the family lot, in Blossom
Hill Cemetery, Concord.
MRS. LIMA HIBBARD WATSON
Mrs. Lima N. (Hibbard) Watson, a daugh-
ter of Horatio and Joanna (Moult on) Hib-
bard, born in Lisbon, N. H., February 22.
1843, died at her home in Jamaica Plain,
Boston, Mass., August 7, 1912.
Her first husband was James Noyes, with
whom she removed to London, Canada, where
her two sons, George L. Noyes, now a noted
landscape painter of Boston and Edward H.
Noyes, a famous pianist and teacher of
music, in that city and elsewhere, were born.
She was left destitute at the death of her
husband while the boys were quite young,
and a second marriage was soon terminated
by the husband's death, but by great energy
and tact she succeeded in educating her sons,
sending both to Europe for the best available
instruction in painting and music. She was
herself an accomplished pianist, and resided
some years in Cambridge, before joining her
sons in Paris. After the return of the family
to America, they had resided, until recently,
in Maiden.
REVEREND GEORGE B. THOMAS
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 10
OCTOBER, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 10
A CHANGE OF PASTORATES
By An Occasional Contributor
On the third Sunday in September,
Rev. George B. Thomas, who for
three years previous had been pastor
of the First Methodist Episcopal
Church of Concord, commenced serv-
ice in the pastorate of St. Paul's
M. E. Church in Manchester. The
removal of the incumbent from the
pastorate of the leading church in the
denomination in the Capital City
to that of the largest and most influen-
tial one in the "Queen City," and
in the State, in the middle of the
Conference year, naturally calls atten-
tion to the character and personality
of the pastor in question.
Rev. George B. Thomas is, as
might naturally be inferred from the
rank and standing which he has at-
tained in the New Hampshire Con-
ference during his comparatively
brief term of service in the State, a
man of more than ordinary ability.
He is, indeed, a striking example of
the new life and virility which the
Great West is contributing to the
East in return for the vast contribu-
tions made by the latter to the former,
in men and women, enterprise and
energy, for three quarters of a century
past.
Mr. Thomas is a native of Craw-
ford County, Missouri, where he was
born on a i'aim, January 5, 1873,
son of Francis N. and Martha Letzer
Thomas, his parents being Southern
people by birth, from North Carolina
and Tennessee, respectively. He was
educated in the public schools and
at the Steelville (Mo.) high school,
from which he entered Baker Uni-
versity, at Baldwin, Kan., graduat-
ing A. B. therefrom in 1903, mean-
while preaching as a supply in the
Methodist Church at Winchester,
Kan. Baker Universit}', it may prop-
erly be mentioned, was named for
Bishop Osmon C. Baker, the noted
Methodist divine, long a resident of
Concord.
In 1904 Mr. Thomas joined the
St. Louis Conference, and was as-
signed to the church at Poplar Bluff,
Mo., but in the following year his
recognized qualifications for educa-
tional work so commended him to
the authorities in charge that he was
called to the presidency of Carleton
College, at Farmington, Mo., where
he remained in efficient service until
1909, in the meantime having been
ordained an Elder, and having re-
ceived the degree of A. M. from his
alma mater.
Ambitious for broader knowledge,
and seeking to avail himself of the
advantages afforded by eastern in-
stitutions, he gave up his position as
the head of Carleton College in 1909,
and came to New England, entering
upon a post-graduate course in Boston
University, leading to the degree of
Ph.D., which he has now practically
completed, and in September of thai
year assumed the Concord pastorate,
which he has holden for the lasl
three years with great success, com-
manding the devoted support of the
parish, and winning the respect and
esteem of the general public, regard-
less of sect, in a remarkable degree.
Not only has he won high rank
292
The Granite Monthly
among preachers of his denomination,
being already classed as among the
very strongest in the New Hampshire
Conference, but he has also come to
be recognized as a power for good in
the state, in the promotion of all
great social and moral reform causes.
As a preacher he is vigorous, earnest,
logical and persuasive, never affect-
ing the dramatic or sensational.
Simplicity and directness of statement
studies were completed, and they
congratulate St. Paul's parish and
the City of Manchester upon the
acquisition they have made.
Mr. Thomas was united in mar-
riage, June 14, 1904, with Miss
Nellie Riason, a native of Illinois,
then a teacher at Poplar Bluff, who
has proved a most congenial, sym-
pathetic and helpful companion in
his work.
First Methodist Episcopal Church, Concord, N. H.
are the strong characteristics of his
pulpit utterances.
While his Concord friends and
parishioners regret his departure from
their city and church, they regard
it as exceedingly fortunate that he
has decided to remain with the New
Hampshire Conference, and minister
to one of its great parishes, instead
of returning West, as was supposed
to be his purpose after his university
The First Methodist Episcopal
Society of Concord, whose pastor
Mr. Thomas has been for the last
three years, was organized March
12, 1825, but was a part of another
circuit for several years, and did not
attain to the dignity of being a
separate station until 1830, when
Rev. Samuel Kelley became its first
minister, he serving the same year
as chaplain of the State Prison and
A Change of Pastorates
293
of the New Hampshire Legislature,
receiving $52 for the former service
and $30 for the latter in addition to
the $88 paid him by the people of
his parish, or $190 in all for his year's
labor, which was far more strenuous
than that of any pastor in Concord
or Manchester today.
has sufficed for the accommodation
of the parish till the present time,
$2,500 having been expended in
repairs and improvements in 1874.
and $3,750 four years later, when
the house was raised up, vestries
put underneath, and a new tower
constructed.
St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, Manchester, N. II.
In January, 1831, the site of the
present church, at the corner of
North State and Chapel Streets was
purchased for $200, and during the
year a church edifice was erected, at
a cost of $2,500, the same being dedi-
cated December 1. With various
repairs and alterations this building
The society grew and flourished
until 1884, when a division arose,
and the Baker Memorial Church and
Society were organized, occupying
a new church toward the south part
of the city. The division leaves two
weaker churches in the place of one
strong one, but the people, altogether,
294
The Granite Monthly
are perhaps better accommodated
than before.
There have been many strong men
among the numerous pastors minis-
tering to the First Church, such
names as those of Revs. Warren F.
Evans, Elisha Adams, 0. H. Jasper,
Alfred E. Drew, M. W. Prince, Leon
C. Field and Orange W. Scott being
included in the list, but none whose
service has been more efficient and
satisfactory than that of Mr. Thomas.
St. Paul's M. E. Church of Man-
chester was organized as the Second
Methodist Episcopal Church, Decem-
ber 16, 1839, and a chapel was soon
built for its accommodation on the
corner of Hanover and Chestnut
Streets. In 1843 a brick church
edifice was erected on Elm Street,
between Market and Merrimack,
where services were held until 1882,
when Smyth's Hall was temporarily
used for the purpose, the society
meanwhile erecting the elegant and
commodious edifice which it now
occupies, at the corner of Union and
Amherst Streets, the same being
completed and dedicated in April,
1883, at the close of the three-years
pastorate of Rev. Alfred E. Drew,
one of the most successful of the
many able pastors of this church,
who included, among others, Revs.
Osmon C. Baker, Elisha Adams,
Richard S. Rust, James Pike and
James M. Buckley — all recognized
leaders in the Methodist ministry
in New England. Mr. Thomas suc-
ceeds Rev. R. J. Elliott and enters
a field of labor in which he will find
ample opportunity for the exercise
of all his powers, this being the
largest and most influential parish
in the Conference. That he will
prove equal to all the demands of
the situation is not to be doubted.
The present mentbership of St.
Paul's Church is about 500, and the
average attendance upon Sunday ser-
vices 350; while the Sunday School,
including the Cradle-roll and Home
Departments, numbers 650. The
church edifice has been greatly im-
proved during the past year, and a
new steam-heating plant is about to
be installed in place of the hot air
furnace.
AUTUMN
By Bela Chapin
'Tis the time of autumn now,
Leaves are falling from the bough;
Withered leaves are they and dead,
All around our pathway spread.
Chilled by frost and wind and rain
Few of autumn flowers remain;
And the birds of summer day
Almost all are flown away.
Though the autumn time is here
It is not a season drear;
Health from which enjoyment springs
Now the cool October brings.
THE SETTLEMENT OF DURHAM POINT
By Rev. Everett S. Stack-pole, D.D.
Durham Point, first known as
Oyster River Point, was the name
given to the point of land lying be-
tween the mouth of Oyster River and
Willey's Creek. Here the road, or
bridle-path, perhaps first an Indian
trail winding through the forest,
terminated, and from this point there
was a ferry in early days to Fox Point
on the opposite shore of Newington.
The Point District gradually grew to
include all the land lying between
Oyster River and Mathes Creek, later
called Crommett's Creek. It stretches
along the western shore of Little Bay
for two miles, and its beauty and
fertility soon attracted settlers from
Capt. John Mason's colony at Newich-
awannock, now known as South Ber-
wick, from Capt. Wiggin's company
at Dover Neck, and some from Ports-
mouth. Others came from nobody
knows just where, but* the majority
of them all seem to have been men
from Devonshire and the south of
England.
Darby Field, who has been called
an Irish nan without any proof of that
fact or to the contrary, was the first
known settler at the Point. Much
has been written by the aid of fancy
about his exploration of Mount Wash-
ington, a deed of valor and hardship
at that time. He was here as early
as 1639, when he signed the Exeter
Combination for local government,
since Exeter at that time claimed
land extending a mile north of Oyster
River. He kept an ordinary and was
licensed to sell wine in 1644. Am-
brose Gibbons was appointed to
administer his estate, 1 Oct. 1651,
and Strawberry Bank was required
to contribute toward the expenses
of the "imprisonment of Darbey
Field & keepinge him who was dis-
tracte of his wits." It is now asserted
that he was born in Boston, England,
about 1610, and came to Boston,
Mass., about 1636. So he was not an
Irishman after all, any more than
John Thompson, first settler at Odi-
orne's Point, was a Scotchman, as
historians would have it for a long
time, but his marriage to Amias Cole
has been found in Plymouth, England.
Darby Field, in 1645, sold his farm
at Oyster River Point to John Bick-
ford, "except a breadth of land now
in the possession of Thomas Willey."
This Thomas Willey lived a short
distance south of Field and gave his
name to Willey's Creek, which it
bears to this day. He was born in
1617 and married Margaret, widow
of Stephen Crawford, who had land
at Oyster River still earlier than
Willey and of whom little is known.
His name is Scotch and so is the name
Willey. The latter may have been a
servant or apprentice in the family of
Darby Field and probably had the
breadth of land from Field's farm as
a gift. There is no recorded deed to
Field nor to Willey. The first settlers
sat down where they liked best on
unoccupied land, by right of what was
known in later time as Squatter Sov-
ereignty, "to have and to hold,"
undisputed in their claim except for
the opposition of the Mason heirs
and the redmen. Neither succeeded
in ousting the hardy and adventurous
settlers.
Would that somebody would un-
ravel the snarled and twisted families
of Bickfords. There name is Legion,
for they are many, though quite unlike
the first known man called Legion.
There was John Bickford of Oyster
River Point, and Thomas Bickford
of Scarborough, whose son John came
to Dover Neck, and Benjamin Bick-
ford of Newington, and Henry Bick-
ford of Strawberry Bank, all probably
related, yet the connecting link is
hidden, we will not say lost. This
John Bickford at Oyster River, who
kept the ordinary and managed
Bickford's Ferry for a long time,
296 The Granite Monthly
married, as I think, Temperance, Creek before the year 1650, the an-
daughter of the Rev. Joseph Hull, cestor of the late Governor John F.
He had a garrison house close by the Hill of Maine. Deacon Joseph Ambler
bank of the Bay, and the defence of lived here after Hill left it and gave a
it at the time of the massacre in 1694 permanent name to the Ambler's
by his son Thomas was the note- Islands.
worthy incident magnified by Mather Richard Bray, and Thomas Hum-
in his Magnalia and versified by a phrey "the stiller," who furnished
New Hampshire poetess in the August the liquid then thought indispensable,
number of the Granite Monthly. and a man name Hilliard lived for a
Jonas Bines had six acres adjoin- little while on small lots south of the
ing to Bickford's land on the north- Hill-Ambler farm, but John Ault soon
west, called ever since Jonas's Point, added all their acres to his broad
He was the first owner of the Islands estate that stretched on both sides
called Ambler's Islands, in the Little of Plum Swamp Brook and as far
Bay. He left no descendants. south as Long Creek. John Ault
Next to Bines, William Beard first was another of Capt. John Mason's
owned land and sold it in 1640 to pioneers and settled here about the
Francis Matthews, the same doubt- year 1635. He left no sons but two
less who married, 22 Nov. 1622, daughters. One was Remembrance,
Thomasine Channon at Ottery St. who married John Rand, Jr., son of
Mary, a little way from Exeter, Francis Rand of the Mason company,
Devonshire, birthplace of the poet and the other was Rebecca, who
Coleridge. Matthews was one of married first Henry Hallowell, and
Capt. John Mason's men, who came second Thomas Edgerly. Ault di-
to build the mills on Great Works vided his farm between his two
River, South Berwick, 1630-1634. sons-in-law, and both had houses
The surname is now written Mathes near the shore. That of Edgerly
by many of his descendants, and the was burned by the Indians in 1694,
old farm is still in the possession of a and some of his family were taken to
Mathes. Long may it remain so. Canada. He, however, and a wounded
There is no more beautiful outlook son escaped and the next day pe-
in Durham, place of many fine views, titioned that the house of his brother-
Francis' son, Benjamin Matthews, in-law, John Rand, who with wife
had wife Dorothy, and I think she Remembrance had probably been
was widow of Oliver Kent and sister slain by the Indians, should be the
to Temperance, wife of John Bickford. garrison house of that region. The
She was certainly sister to Naomi, Hon. Lucien Thompson, well known
wife of Davey Daniel. These are to readers of the Granite Monthly
the unaccounted for daughters of recently searched with me amid the
the Rev. Joseph Hull, as I might trees and bushes for traces of the
explain at another time. residences of Thomas Edgerly and
South of Willey's Creek were at John Rand. We found the cellar of
first a few fishermen's huts. Here the former on an elevated spot, per-
lived Charles Adams for a short haps a dozen rods from the mouth
time and gave his name to Charles' of long Creek, now sometimes called
Point, later Ambler's Point. Adams Disappearing Creek, and on the
built his garrison on an eighteen acre north side. The site overlooks the
lot south of the road leading from the whole Bay. There was in the early
Point to the Falls and near the Mathes days a public Landing near the
burial place. This was burned in mouth of the Creek and a road there-
1694 and fifteen of the Adams family from, also a mill, which was probably
were massacred and buried in a a tide-mill at the very mouth of the
common grave. John Hill got pos- Creek. It required but little search
session of the land south of Willey's to find plain indications of the cellar
The Settlement of Durham Point
297
of John Rand, in the southeastern
corner of the field now owned by Mr.
Kingman, three or four rods from
the shore of Little Bay and close to
a fine spring of water. The depres-
sion of the surface and the presence
of pieces of brick mark the spot well.
These garrison houses have never
before been ascertained as to loca-
tion.
Thomas Edgerly also owned land
south of Long Creek, and next to
him first lived William Perkins, who
sold his place to his son-in-law, John
Wheeler, and removed to Exeter.
Here John Wheeler and wife Eliza-
beth were killed by Indians, 27 April,
1706, and their children took refuge
in caves along the shore of the Bay.
One of those boys, Joseph Wheeler,
became a deacon in the church at
Durham.
Next south came a reservation of
pine timber for the common use of
the town, and then the old estate of
the Drew family, where Thomas
Drew and his wife Tamsen spent their
long lives after their return from
captivity among the Indians, and
where they are said to have had four-
teen children. This place is now
known as the James Kent farm. The
Drew burial place is easily found down
in the middle of the field, a little
west of a brook that empties into
Branson's Creek. The marble head-
stones of Joseph and John Drew are
broken down, but the inscriptions
can still be read.
Next we come to the farm that lias
been in the possession of the Kent
family ever since Oliver Kent had
a grant of seventy acres here in 1656.
It extends from Branson's Creek
through to M allies Creek, now called
Crommett's Creek, and the view from
Eben Kent's door is of itself enough
to make life happy. In three direc-
tions it takes in ten miles or so of
water and landscape that delight the
untrained eye of one who simply loves
the beautiful. There are also many
historic memories that add value to
all the scenes pointed out in this
article, and Durham Point will long
be visited and remembered both for
what it is and for what it was in the
times of Indian depredations. All
the old Plantation of Oyster River
suffered as much or more than Coche-
cho and Salmon' Falls. Nearly every
house was assaulted in 1694. Only
twenty were left standing after the
massacre and ninety-four persons
were killed or carried into captivity,
some never to return. We can little
realize by what sacrifices and hard-
ships our ancestors purchased this
fair land for us. Shall the scattered
descendants let the ancestral homes
be neglected and pass into the pos-
session of strangers, who know nothing
and care nothing about the thrilling
traditions of the past? All of these
old homesteads at Durham Point
ought to be annual rallying places of
thankful and proud descendants of
brave and noble pioneer-.
THE MOUNTAIN WITH THE CROSS
Hail, thrice hail! to thee, thou La Fayette,
Noblest mountain of thy clime,
Prince of all the highland region 'round,
Emblem of a future time.
Thou wast built of finest granite rock,
Heaved into a mountain high,
Till thy great and massive shoulder tops
Pierced the depths of azure sky.
298 The Granite Monthly
Oft have fierce and wildly raging storms
Hurled their fury 'gainst thy side,
And thou laughed at all their vain assaults,
Taunting, mocking in thy pride.
Yet thou art in wondrous beauty wrought,
Richly clothed in vesture green,
With thy dimly, purpled outline hue
Mingling in the distant scene.
Worthy wast thou to be deemed fit
On thy breast to bear The Cross,
Hiding it except in vernal spring
'Mid thy crannied rocks and moss.
Peaceful mountain, thou art glorified,
For the sun when drooped to set,
Casts its crimsoned, purpled twilight shades
Round thy head, great La Fayette.
Reginald F. Chutter
THE PINKHAMS
A Genealogy in Rhyme
By P. L. F.
In Dover's ancient settlement first of the name is found:
Here Richard1 of fair Devon tilled his fertile planting ground;
Built strong his old time garrison; the Indians defied;
Reared too his little family, and, in time's fulness, died.
Richard,2 John,2 and Thomas2 — these were his children three —
Old Dover Neck was Richard's2 home, a skilled wood worker he.
John2 lived in the old garrison where Bellamy's waters glide,
And Thomas2 dwelt on Bloody Point, by the Piscataqua's side.
The sons of Richard 2 second were — Richard,3 Tristram,3 John 3 —
Dick3 sailed away from Dover, to Nantucket isle he's gone;
Tristram3 lived in Dover town, like many of his name ;
Of John3 we only know the year in which his birthday came.
John,2 son of Richard1 first, had six sons as you'll notice;
They were Richard,3 Thomas,3 Solomon,3 Amos,3 James,3 and Otis 3 —
Three daughters too were born to him, which makes his offspring nine,
A goodly addition to the growing Pinkham line —
Of Thomas,2 son of Richard l first, the records are not clear;
That he left any issue does not from them appear.
Twelve children, thus, the sum of generation three,
Born on the Neck of Dover, far famed in history.
A BLACKSMITH IN THE PULPIT
AND PARISH
By Rev. E. P. Tenney
Of the men of the Nineteenth
Century, my father was literally one
of the foremost; coming in early, — on
the thirty-fifth day.1
A few years ago on the Connecti-
cut river bank at Haverhill, I paced
up and down, under a row of June
maples, where, ninety-four years ago,
my father, at seventeen, paced up and
down all one evening. By the silent
river he debated with himself ques-
tions relating to eternity and a divme
sonship, and the possibility of a
divine indwelling to reform his own
life. One of his intimate friends
had just left the Meadow and its
maples, and entered into a Better
Country. His own sister, too, at
fifteen, had just passed over the river
into the Unseen Land. Then and
there, under cover of the darkness,
he made up his mind to find in Jesus
the Christ his best friend and to follow
wherever He might lead. Then a
great light appeared to shine upon
his lonely pathway, and he returned
to his comrades, urging them to walk
with him in the new way.
Abiding in an irreligious family,
far from friendly counsel, his new
course was often clouded. "I after-
ward found out," he said, "that in
giving up my will to God, I kept
something back, in order to do what I
had a mind to, and it did not work
well. Then I began all over again,
and left all to follow the Master."
The peace of God and the divine
energy then came into his life and
abode with him.
Some five years bet ore this he had
come down from the hills of
Corinth with his father's family to
dwell on the Oxbow Meadow at
Newbury. They were hardly settled
iRev. Asa Peaslee Tenney (February 4, 1801-Marc
Jonathan and Anna (Bayley); pastor at Hebron and
shire, 1833-1867.
in their new home before his oldest
sister and his father were suddenly
removed from life by what would now
be called a form of meningitis. One
brother of seventeen remained, and
six young children, with their mother.
As ' by a tempest the little flock
was separated in thick darkness.
But the Good Shepherd came to
deliver them out of all places whither
they were scattered in the cloudy and
dark day.
The lads were self reliant and
resourceful. Ephraim, eight years
old, at once assumed self support;
and at twenty-five was a Wyoming
circuit preacher.
Asa, my father, went to live with
his uncle Asa, whose son Abner was
seventeen, and whose daughter Mary
—my mother — was then ten years
old. My mother's mother, Polly
White — who was granddaughter of
Abner Bayley, for forty years pastor
in Southern New Hampshire,— became
at once truly a godmother to Asa,
her nephew, by giving him systematic
religious training. Quite possibly, too,
the quiet but positive character of
my mother was not without influence
upon him.
The boy, however, was not a girl,
to be easily led in the way he should
go. He did as other lads did in his
early teens; and was already con-
scious of a certain capacity for leader-
ship, with a few wild oats to sow,
boy fashion, in roguish pranks that
appealed to the lively and frolicsome.
Determined to be a man, he had ere
long a secret pipe and tobacco plug,
and indulged in such occasional rude-
ness of speech as growing boys thought
manly. When working in the cold,
too, as all boys had to work— will or
nil— in a relatively new settlement, it
h 2, 1807) was born at Corinth, Vermont. The son of
Groton, 1828-1833, and at West Concord. New Hamp-
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The Granite Monthly
was common for boys and men to
warm themselves a bit by drinking
rum. Altogether, as he was fast
becoming a man, he was bound out,
at sixteen, an apprentice to Morse,
the Horse Meadow blacksmith. Here
he wrought five years. Then set up
his own shop for two years at Haver-
hill Corner.
his oldest brother a home at Corinth.
Three younger brothers were here or
there, earning and living as best they
might. Quite by himself on the
riverbank that night, he was his own
master, held to a sane course in his
life's work by the necessity and the
wholesome discipline of daily toil.
His decision on the riverbank was
Rev. Asa Peaslee Tenney
On the night of his lonely walk on
the riverbank, about a year after he
went to the shop on the Meadow, he
not only bemoaned Miss Kimball's
death, and that of his own sister two
years younger than himself, but his
mother with her youngest three
children had now made for herself a
new home on the Susquehanna, and
what the Platonists called "the flight
of one alone to the Only One." Little
as he thought of it at the time, his
new purpose so fashioned his life, that
he finally left the anvil, in order to
"hammer out and weld sermons."
Of an impulsive, ardent nature,
sanguine temperament, quick in decis-
ion, he did not confer with flesh and
A Blacksmith in the Pulpit and Parish
301
blood, but set out to be of use in the
world; taking a positive attitude in
promoting social religious meetings,
and pleading with friends privately to
do as he sought to do as a disciple of
the Son of Man.
On one memorable night his voice
alone was heard with that of the
pastor. A young man took him by
the hand, saying, "You are a Chris-
tian, I want you to tell me how to
become a Christian." It was the
beginning of a great revival, and the
blacksmith left his forge forever.1
It had been said that he fitted for
college at Haverhill and studied theo-
logy and medicine at Dartmouth. His
Latin and Greek books looked down
upon me in childhood days from an
honored shelf in his library, and his
scholarly tastes, habits and influence
were recognized in his later years by
an honorary degree from Dartmouth.
For self discipline and for earning,
he - taught school across the road
from my mother's home. His teach-
ing was as thoroughgoing as his
blacksmith work and much in demand.
At Bath, one of his pupils was Enoch
N. Bartlett, sometime professor at
Oberlin and Olivet, and secretary of
the Colorado College trustees.
With Grant Powers, his pastor, and
President Bennett Tyler, at Dart-
mouth, he studied theology; and took
a course of medical lectures at Han-
over. After five years' study, he was
licensed to preach by the Orange
Association at Orford, November,
1827. In Father Goddard's pulpit
at Norwich, Vermont, he preached
his first sermon the next Sunday.
II
In the hill country of New Hamp-
shire he then found two feeble Home
Missionary churches, six miles apart,
each divided against itself, and each,
as he reported, "Orthodox to death."
On going there three or four Sundays,
there were those who instantly re-
sponded to the Gospel appeal and
!Thi3 was at Haverhill comer. The shop on the Meadow stood till 1855. I found a great elm hard by
the site, that had watched over the blacksmith boy.
entered into new paths of life. Here
he was ordained, June 18, 1828. His
study was in an attic. On May 29,
1829, my mother took up her abode
with him, their house looking out
upon Newfound Lake. Their five-
years mission there was attended with
more than seventy conversions in
that sparse population, forty being
added to the church in Hebron, and
thirty-one in Groton.
In these churches, there was one
revival of marvelous power. Said
Father Rolfe, the old minister, to the
young pastor, "The Lord is coming,"
even before the power appeared.
One night, in a school-house meeting,
a church member came out into the
floor, and kneeled and asked forgive-
ness of all his brethren; and all the
rest of the brethren present followed,
till all were weeping and kneeling
together. An infidel school-teacher, a
young woman of strong intellect, was
converted, and she led a very useful
life thenceforth, spending the strength
of her days as a teacher in the South.
"I shall never forget you," wrote one,
many years after, "Your earnest,
warm-hearted talk awakened me."
One young man of thirty had
separated from his wife, and quarreled
with his wife's relatives, and had not
spoken to them for months; but the
Spirit of the Lord found him out, and
he spent hours in a barn in the night
praying for mercy. In the night he
went round to his wife's relatives,
and on his knees asked their forgive-
ness for his violence toward them.
A terrible struggle he had with his
temper, but gave good evidence of a
changed life.
Another man was milking in his
barn-yard, and making fun of the
revival in his talk, when suddenly he
arose, ran to the house, and with eyes
streaming with tears, put down his
pail, and did not stop to answer the
questions of his wife, but ran to a
neighbor, and finding him at family
prayers, kneeled by his side, and cried,
"Oh, pray for me;" and they contin-
302
The Granite Monthly
o
o
c
o
O
e
a
E-
>
u
a
A Blacksmith in the Pulpit and Parish
303
ued there praying until he found peace
in Christ. He said that while he had
been engaged in his blasphemy against
God and his revilings against religion,
his sins appeared to him us if all
written on a roll and let down before
his eyes, and therefore it was that he
arose and ran to cry for mercy.
One old man rode in a storm two
miles to the shop of an unbeliever,
and then could only say to him "I
have come to tell you how anxious
I am for your salvation; " he could say
no more; but his tears and his earnest-
ness made an impression which the
unbelieving man could not shake off,
till he himself went to the house of
God and began upon a new course
in life.
This revival was in the height of
haying time. This blacksmith who
had turned preacher believed that
the same God ruled in January and
in July, and that Christians ought to
work for the salvation of men in the
summer as well as in the winter.
This was a characteristic of his
whole ministry, as it was continued
in another parish — West Concord —
for thirty-four years, in unceasing
activity, knowing no rest summer nor
winter.
He despised vacations, and was
too busy to go to the mountains or
to stay long by the sea. When I
lived in a seaside paradise at Cape
Ann, he was content there for a day,
possibly two, then wanted to hurry
home; for some child was sick on
"Horse Hill," or in "Number Four."
Throughout a district five miles by
five, he wanted to be on hand to
share it if anybody had trouble. He
did not want to go to Europe, he
wanted to work in his parish, and
he did this early and late. Into
every house he went far and near —
went in as a pastor, went out as a
friend. And many a time in swelter-
ing weather, amid the farm lands,
he was visiting the young people,
conversing with inquirers, gathering
his spiritual harvest wrhen the hay-'
makers or the reapers were busy.
He had within himself a fountain
of life, like a well of living water,
which refreshed him for new labors
day by day; each day he was fresh
and vigorous and full of force. He
wras always "engaged." Said a good
Methodist woman one summer, "There
is quite a revival in the West parish
but Mr. T. seems to be the only one
who is engaged.
Ill
The pictuie on the opposite page is of the house at
West Concord, New Hampshire, where I was born,
September 29, 183.5. My father and mother were
standing in the yard when this view was taken some-
time "alter the war." The top of a "cat-head" apple
tree rises from "the hollow" in the foreground south.
In the door yard between the tree top and the ell of the
house, my brother (Dr. A. P. Tenney of Kansas City)
and I used to cut up the year's supply of wood upon
winter mornings before school, rising often at three
o'clock if the moon was shining; and I further "learned
to work when I was a boy" in the garden south of the
end of the barn. The tree tops over the ell mark the
oichard, where as a very small boy, at my mother's
bidding, I read Oliver Goldsmith's histories. The win-
dow nearest the shed door lighted my father's study.
In the 34 years that he sat by his study table the floor
was cut through or deeply marked by his constant feet
and the uneasy legs of his study chair. Over the front
door, the training of the grape vine was a bit of my
handiwork.
He waked up, all new to his work,
every morning at two o'clock in
summer and four in the winter — and,
with boyish enthusiasm even to old
age, worked two hours before day;
having an hour for devotions, and
then in immediate connection with
it taking his material fresh from the
Bible for next Sunday service —
kindling his soul before forging the
sermon. In those early morning
hours he learned to pray, having at
times eminent power in prayer; always
simple and childlike in praying,
like a man who lives near to God, he
had on special public occasions
remarkable fitness and unction.
The main part of the day he gave
to the parish, but the earliest of
early hours to study. The sharp
corners of his study chair in thirty-
four years cut through an inch board;
his feet wore the flooring under his
study table, as a blacksmith's floor
wears away by years of work at the
forge and anvil.
His views of Bible truth were
clear and decided; and he used "thus
saith the Lord" like the fire and the
304
The Granite Monthly
hammer. Like a master workman
he had a glowing forge in every school-
house in his parish. He taught
Bible truth in Bible method. Mighty
in the Scriptures, he did not make
nice distinctions and definitions, or
set forth dry bones. He little used
the logic of the doctors, but — amaz-
ingly logical — the logic of common
sense. Weighing his words, he knew
what he said and fitted the truth to
his hearers in that very moment.
For the sermon manuscripts, I
myself had a hand in their making.
This is attested to this day by their
having been badly blotted by little
fingers in the minister's ink.
There were no moral essays, no
glittering qualities, but particular
Old Congregational Church, West Concord
practical points, sharp and barbed.
Red-hot Pauline appeal to conscience
and divine authority was the main
characteristic. The spirit of the
Bible more than the letter, the har-
mony of Scripture doctrine rather
than the twisting of single texts,
these were the forces. By heat and
hammering the whole work was so
welded as to make a unit, massive
and impressive. The style direct,
the sentences clear and simple, the
texts taken from the warm heart of
the Scriptures — what could be better?
The scope of the reign of Christ, the
moral dignity of the divine kingdom,
the love of God, and the peril of moral
carelessness were the themes set forth
in their personal relations.
If he had few books, they were
well selected; perhaps two hundred.
The Bible words he so stuck to, and
so lodged in his mind, that in his
early ministry he could turn to almost
any passage without a concordance.
He studied his people. He studied
newspapers and found out what
kind of a world he was living in.
He had the latest learning from
Andover hill, the Scotch learning and
the English. He read Macaulay;
and the latest news from the canni-
bal islands turning to God.
The faces of the world's great
preachers, evangelists, and philan-
thropists, both men and women,
looked down upon him from little
black frames in two rows — seven and
five — where he could constantly see
them when he sat by the north
window tipped back, meditating, on
two legs of his chair- — which he wig-
gled more or less in order to cut-
through the floor boards.
He did not a little thinking in
riding about the parish, connecting
Bible truths with practical spiritual
conditions. My sister, Mrs. Mary
Tenney Hatch, who often rode with
him, reports that he frequently sang
in the riding,
"Guide Me, O Thou great Jehovah."
When my brother and I were berry-
picking on picturesque and rugged
hill slopes, looking off toward Kear-
sarge, we heard the swift wheels of
my father's gig in the road hard by,
and noted with glee his Jehu-like
driving, and heard him singing, —
"I am weak, but Thou art mighty,
Hold me with Thy powerful hand."
IV
His relation to the parish seemed
like that of a father to a family.
My wife Nellie used to ride with him
to make hill top farm house calls at
eight o'clock on a June morning.
He had already been up and about
his work for six hours, and the farm
house had been astir for four hours.
By the rural time the hour was far
advanced. He had been singing
snatches of holy hymns along the
A Blacksmith in the Pulpit and Parish 305
rugged roadway, and now he entered the morning'*' to greet my father:
a home where Death had called in the "I have come to tell you that I have
month of May, and became in tender- served satan long enough." I recall
ness like a Son of Consolation. Some another who kept a bottle of rum at
years ago I called upon an Irishwoman, the head of his bed, who was led to
one of the "West Concord mill hands put a Bible in its place for a spiritual
when I was a child. The tears came eye-opener. I recall another man
to her eyes and her voice softened my father used to go to see every time
when she told me how much my he was over tempted by the rum fiend,
father had been to her and her hus- nor would he give him up or allow
band in sickness and sorrow, and she him to be turned out of the church,
could but bemoan his long absence but held onto him as long as he lived,
in the heavenly hill country. To promote the evangelization of
For many years he gathered the the parish, this business-like Black-
young people into his study once a smith had eight hundred religious
week, and expounded to them texts books sold to the neighbors, and one
of scripture they handed in, and hundred and eighteen religious papers
prayed with them; and many of subscribed for.
them were led to Christ. He was always on hand, ready to
He preached to all his parish, preach at home or abroad, quick to
There were about seven hundred at think on his feet and talk to the
first, and about as many at the last, point. Living at West Concord he
some being taken away in forming a averaged more than four sermons a
new church in a new village rising week for fifty-two weeks in a year
within his early precinct. His people for thirty-four years. Including his
were so scattered that the Sabbath Newfound Lake ministry, he aver-
congregation was rarely above one aged fifteen sermons a month for
hundred and fifty or two hundred, thirty-nine years,
and yet he reached all once a month
by his school-house meetings. There V
were "early candle light" appoint-
ments, and the tallow dips and whale With him, the perfection of the
oil wicks of all the neighbors came in. sermon itself was never the main
The people always turned out to thing, but to make a spiritual impres-
listen to his kindly, faithful words, sion then and there. To secure
The "home evangelization" work was results, he went at it with tools
in this respect a complete success, adapted to the end sought. Early
All heard him. In the sound health the sermons were written, later only
of the first half of his long pastorate in outline. Early he stammered a
he preached five sermons a week; on little, and hesitated in the beginning,
every week having two or three but always fired up and made that
lectures at some school-house, while good ending which Dr. Payson said
he always kept up all clay meetings made a good sermon. The last
once a year in each school district, third never failed to be thoroughly
and not unfrequently other week day alive, strong in thought, in word,
lectures. In "Number Four" and and in emotion.
"Number Five," where there were A hard student by night at all
one hundred and seventeen inhabit- hours during the first half of his
ants, there were thirty-six conversions ministry, there came, inevitably, an
leaving fewer than fifty of all ages impaired vigor, but he relinquished
who were not on the Christian roll. no part of the parochial routine or
I recall one resolute young fellow number of services. To pore over
from this west side of the parish who his books or to elaborate his style
walked four miles through two feet seemed to him a less certain present
of new snow before four o'clock in good than personal sympathy.
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The Granite Monthly
The discipline of day by day work,
learned when a boy, made itself felt
in a certain directness and force and
practical power. As our New Hamp-
shire boy, Henry Wilson was a hard
student when bound out to a farmer,
and a leader in debate when working
at the shoe bench, so too it was in my
youth a matter of- local pride to
point to Cyrus Wallace, one of the
most notable ministers in New Eng-
land, who was a house painter till
he was thirty years old. At the age
when others were in college or the
Dr. Asa P. Tenney, Jr.
seminary, he was in hand work. Yet
when he went to preaching, there
was fulfilled the saying that "He
maketh his ministers a naming fire."
"Some of my neighbors who went to
college," he said to me, "think they
need not study, but I need to study
all the time." Blacksmiths and
painters, by going to work the right
way, and by working hard, may stand
near the head of the profession.
This Blacksmith in the pulpit
illustrated his appeal to the common
people by common things: so it
was said in reproach of Socrates
that smiths and cobblers figured in
his conversations, as fishnets figured
in the discourses of the Man of Galilee,
It was a tradition of his Newfound
Lake parish that he took to the sledge
if need be. His word was often like
a sudden blow of a heavy hammer.
The guilty farmer, still unsubmissive
to God, was reminded that "such
rebellion would shame an ox." So
Isaiah thought.
At Woburn I once encountered a
Mr. Cole who reported that in the
region where he was born, at Hill in
1817, my father was known as one
who had been a blacksmith, and it
was said that in preaching he gave
solid heavy blows like a blacksmith.
This accords with social usage in
Iceland where every clergyman is
also a blacksmith.
There was moreover a certain
eloquence born of conviction. Wen-
dell Phillips once told the writer that
he learned oratory by thirteen years
advocacy of unwelcome truth in
school-houses, six nights in a week,
against earnest opposition; truth so
unwelcome that he could not get a
hall; opposition so great that he had
to study all the arts of persuasion.
Not a few country pastors are
singularly eloquent in school-house
preaching, and always at their best
in seasons of "revival." I have, in
this connection, heard such eloquence
in the hill country as I have rarely
heard in the city on any occasion.
Was not Elisha a man able to
manage a plow team of twelve yoke
of oxen? Did not the sturdy prophet
Amos tend cattle? Though they
left the plow or the herd when they
began to preach, still in working
or waiting on oxen, they had thoughts
of no mean order. Taking into
account the circumstances connected
with a revival of religion, one of the
most eloquent men I ever heard, not
excepting Boston's peerless orator,
was a minister who worked hard on
the farm six days in a week.
My father could cut a swarth so
handsomely and vigorously that I
have heard old mowers praise "the
priest
as
first in the field. He
A Blacksmith in the Pulpit and Parish
307
managed a farm. So Dr. Emmons
in his study turned out to be one of
the best farmers in Franklin. So
Sidney Smith sat in his house and
worked his farm by a spy-glass and
speaking trumpet! This blacksmith
would take off his coat and work
with a will in turning the soil or the
hay; but he closely attended rather
to the pulpit and the school-house.
In his day it was common for the
neighboring ministers to club to-
gether and have "Four Days Meet-
ings," first in one parish, then in
another. For such work the Black-
smith was eager and foremost. Said
one in a neighboring parish — Dr.
Bouton who labored by his side for
more than thirty years — "I have
heard him when I thought he was
equal to Whitefield." "In school-
house preaching," said the Concord
manufacturer, David Holden, "I
sometimes thought he was eloquent
as Webster."
His practical ability and business
efficiency, his energy, his promptness,
his assiduous and indefatigable toil
in his chosen profession, so heartily
attested by the association of his
New Hampshire clerical neighbors,
after he had passed away, were the
direct outcome of his early discipline
through regular work in a mechanical
calling that tasked mental as well as
physical resources; the outcome more-
over of ten years vigorous church
work as a layman before entering
into his main life calling.
VI
As an influence upon the life of
young people I will illustrate by the
words of Judge Mellen Chamberlain,
for some years the Librarian of
Boston Public Library, whose early
home was in Concord, "Your
father," he said June 29th 1897,
"was one of the strongest men New
Hampshire ever produced; by native
power fitted for distinction in public
life; and to be classed always with
the foremost in all around ability —
one easily a match for whatever he
undertook. He was one of the three
men to whom I owe the most in the
formative period of my life. His
influence is in my life today, intel-
lectually and morally." Yet Judge
Chamberlain's knowledge of him was
that of a boy, a student, an ambi-
tious young lawyer in a neighboring
parish, as at Pembroke, at the old
North or the South Church in Con-
cord.
To illustrate further by the attesta-
tion of youth: there went out from
the West Parish in Concord twenty-
The Daughter of the House, 1856
Mrs. Mary Tenney Hatch
seven young people at one time to
pursue courses of advanced schooling.
One district of some forty pupils, as
I first remember it, furnished twelve
physicians, clergymen, professional
teachers or scholars of college grade.
In my own mental training at
home, my father's influence was
first, foremost and mainly through
unvarying discipline of required labor
well done and systematically applied to
useful ends, and further, by insisting
on the exercise of my own facul-
ties in correcting intellectual "tenden-
cies" he did not approve. His intel-
lectual method, too, had great weight
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The Granite Monthly
with me — his broad range of intel-
lectual hospitality, his early hours
alone with God, his example of
parochial faithfulness, and his intense
patriotism, manifested in daily activi-
ties through all his years. To me
also it was apparent that his piety
towards God, and altruism towards
men were advanced by clear think-
ing upon the moral basis of society.
Throughout my whole life, when
I have thought of doing anything
thoroughly well, my mind has gone
back, not to my text book teachers
but to what my father taught me in
routine work about the place before
I was fifteen years old. "Be wise,
be kind, be fearless, and faithful."
were his condensed lectures to me
on Pastoral Theology. Punctuality
to the minute; decision; prudence;
prompt perception of opportunity,
and seizing it; will-power as an
asset; the value of thrift, of mental
breadth and public spirit; — how many
indeed were the lessons set for my
learning!
Then, too, I confess to have been
not a little attracted to my mentor
by certain unexpected forms of speech.
When I spoke of religious interest
and encouragement to pray in my
parish, he exclaimed, — "Encourage-
ment to pray! Under our God, we
are to expect it to rain when the
sun shines!"
We met Dr. Hidden when we were
riding one day. "That man," he
said to me, said much as he would if
talking to himself, "that man is an
idolater; worships a horse; a pro-
fessedly pious man, too; belongs to
Brother Parker's church." Nor could
he be reconciled that the doctor had
the better horse, which he had refused
six hundred dollars for.
His own big morgan Kate, who
always pulled on the rein at twelve
miles an hour, he always treated like
a child, talking to her in the road.
When I was a little lad I undertook to
harness her, and I carelessly let the
carriage house door swing in the
wind upon her, making her "step
lively." I cried "Whoa! Whoa!"
Across the yard father shouted, —
"She sha'n't whoa, with that door
banging her heels."
On the sandy south-east corner of
our farm land, the grass spires were
so far apart as to suggest riding from
one to another. Yet Simon, the
boy was seen mechanically "spread-
ing" it after Sam's scythe. When
"the priest" rode by, he drew rein
on Old Kate, and called: "Simon!
Simon!" The boy crossed the lot
to the fence. "Simon, you are en-
gaged in a work of supererogation."
Then he drove on. "Sam" asked
the returning boy, "Sam, what did
he mean?" "I don't know. It is one
of his confounded divinity words."
He came to me on Cape Anne, and
watched for a moment the dashing
waves, the tide flow, and the glancing
sunbeams on sparkling waters. Then
he said most earnestly, and some-
what confidentially, — "If I were you,
I would mind my business, and let
the sea mind his business." I did
not have to tell him it was part of
my business to mind the business
of the sea, since he already believed
that I thought so. But for his part,
he chose at once to turn his back to
it, and return to his dog-day parish.
Did strangers sometimes wonder a
little at his decided expressions?
But they soon learned how reliable
was his kindness. He was gentle
and tender as any woman, yet
full of masculine force. Modest and
shrinking, he never put himself for-
ward at large public meetings; nor
did he ever have a taste for publicity.
He knew how to manage, but dis-
liked clerical wire pulling. He had
no veneration for a thing because it
was old; never asking what is the
age, but what is the sense of it.
What he said of many patent hum-
bugs was not soon forgotten.
Concerning his own neighbors he
sometimes grew a little indignant in
his private life; he did not see why
men should be shiftless. He did not
like sin. He loved law. He wanted
to quit preaching three months to
prosecute rascals. He sought to pro-
A Blacksmith in the Pulpit and Parish
309
mote temperance and respectable
politics in New Hampshire. He knew
how to gain a point of opposing men,
as sailors take long tacks to outwit
the winds. But he was not tricky;
he won the confidence of men by his
sterling integrity; it was evident that
he intended to do just right. His
knowledge of men, his sound judg-
ment, his hearty genial way, his
large common sense drew the old
and the young to himself. He was
never a mere slick, ornamental min-
ister. He was not afraid of a leather
apron, or of rolling up his sleeves and
going into any kind of business that
needed to be done. He did with his
might whatever his hands found to do,
and did not always wait a week first
to debate whether or not he should
sacrifice his dignity in doing it.
For one thing, a little singular in
his generation, he made up his mind
that the Unitarian pastor in Concord
was a Christian, and extended to him
the courtesy of a pulpit exchange.
He was I think the first "Orthodox"
minister in New Hampshire to think
such a thing possible.
His exchanging too included the
beloved Episcopal rector Ten Broek.
The founding of a Methodist Theo-
logical School was welcomed by him,
and the students were set to work in
his parish.
But his own one work was never
neglected even to life's ending, —
"This one thing I do." He constantly
sought the regeneration of men.
During a pastorate of thirty-four
years, there was only one year in
which there were no additions to
the church. Enough were converted
under his ministry in rural commu-
nities to make a good congregation;
three hundred and eighty-three were
received to the churches under his
care.
If he sometimes erred, it was
through being impulsive, sanguine
and resolute.
He occupied his pulpit until within
six weeks of his passing on from life
to life. "People ask me if I am
reconciled! I have preached more
than four hundred funeral sermons,
and do you suppose I am afraid? O,
glorious hour! O, blest abode!"
THE HILLS AROUND THE FARM
By Le Roy Smart
It was in early youth
I dwelt back on the old home-farm,
Where hills looked down on me,
Benign in sweet, relieving calm.
'Twas but a boyish dream
That bothered me each passing day,
To know I was too small
To go so very far away.
I'd seen the green-clad hills
Resplendent with the Autumn's gold,
And I had seen their crests
Turn white beneath the winter's cold.
310 The Granite Monthly
Alas! It was to me
As though all things did come and go,
From over and beyond
The friendly hills I used to know.
But then, in early youth,
I was the farthest off from harm,
Before I knew what lay
Beyond the hills around the farm.
LAUGH ON, PROUD WORLD
By George Warren Parker
Laugh on, proud world, with fiendish glee,
Thy cruel stings cannot harm me,
Who conscious am of purpose true
And will not swerve nor halt for you.
Those who today receive thy praise
Tomorrow see thy fickle ways, —
Laugh on, proud world, laugh on!
He who by wealth is not decoyed,
Will not by fame become alloyed,
Seeks not thy paltry gifts, but those
Which virtue and God's will impose,
Will scarcely heed thy siren call
Nor bow his neck to be thy thrall. —
Laugh on, proud world, laugh on!
The verdict of a faultless Judge
Alone he asks; nor does he grudge
Time serving men thy plaudits bought
With loss of honor; no battles fought
For truth and right 'gainst mighty foes,
Thy lordlings, who the good oppose, —
Laugh on, proud world, laugh on.
Full many a prophet, sage, and seer
Have known thy hate, but felt no fear,
For Justice, though with tardy pace,
In time to all gives their right place,
Reverses thy short sighted aims
And blazons bright despised names —
Laugh on, proud world, laugh on.
Perchance not now nor here we see
Reward for what we tried to be;
But when all flesh and things shall fail,
The brightness of the spheres grow pale,
We know, beyond the setting sun,
In heaven we'll hear the words "Well done,"-
Laugh on, proud world, laugh on.
"SUN, STAND THOU STILL"
By Fred Myron Colby
The writer of this does not wish to upon the heroes of the Hebrew the-
do violence to the convictions of ocracy, and their battles and patri-
those who favor entirety in the scrip- otic deeds. Now if the verses in
tural narrative, nor does he wish to question are studied carefully it will
suggest a doubt even of the ability be seen that they are also poetical,
of God to perform the phenomenon, having rhythmical character and ca-
"Is there anything too hard for the dence. Then, as if to appologize for
Lord?" is a sufficient answer to any breaking the thread of history by this
of the ten thousand difficulties which extract from an uninspired source, the
puny objectors have in all ages urged copyist concludes by an assertion, to
against the truth of God in His written give it a show of impressiveness.
word. But the record in Joshua x: 12- We know that it is held that the
15, we believe to be an interpolation, sacred historians were not astrono-
and when we give our reason for it mers, but would they have recorded
we have little fear but that our con- that which could never have occurred?
elusions will be sustained by every Under ordinary circumstances they
Biblical student whose belief is tern- could not have known that it is the
pered with discretion and learning. earth that moves, and the sun which
There is not a more pleasing and is motionless; but if there had been
vivid description of a great battle a miracle would not God have in-
than that contained in the tenth structed them how to have recorded
chapter of Joshua, if that 'part of it it properly? Since the acceptation of
from the eleventh to the sixteenth the Copernican system to accept the
verse is omitted. These four verses text in its literal signification can not
mar a record that is otherwise un- be thought of, since that which is
matched in the whole body of Script- stationary could not be stopped; the
ure for its graphic effect. Nor is statement regarding the moon is not
the marvelous and the supernatural reaffirmed, and as that body has a
wanting, evidence of this occurring real and apparent motion, it would be
through the entire narrative. "The influenced by laws which would not
Lord cast down great stones from affect the larger luminary. But if we
heaven," and "the Lord delivered it supposed that the earth stopped in its
into his hand," and "The Lord God revolution around the sun, thus giving
of Israel fought for Israel," etc. So an apparent halting to the latter orb,
it cannot be objected that it is for then we are to suppose the working
reason of its supernaturalness that we of a miracle ten thousand times as
would expunge the record of the sup- vast as the text would imply, for that
posed phenomenon. would involve the cessation of a law
The careful reader will notice that that affects a million of planets whose
a portion of these verses are paren- stationary center is the sun, since if
thetical, that is, they are quoted one stopped the rest must, as the
from another author, and evidently same law affects all. The matter of
not inspired. "Is not this written in God's ability to perform this does not
the book of Jasher?" This simple enter into the question. We admit
acknowledgment is not the only cvi- the possibility, but did he?
dence of the verses being excerpts Again, if such a stupendous phe-
from the book mentioned. There is nomenon as the halting of the earth
an internal evidence. The book of in its daily revolution had really oc-
Jasher is known to have been one of curred, the chronological calculations
poetry, being a collection of son^s of all races would have been affected
312 The Granite Monthly
by it. The event would have been encampment at Gilgal, after crossing
observed by the entire world. We the Jordan, and only about six miles
should find notices of it in their books, north of Jerusalem. The routed
hieroglyphics and traditions. The Canaanites fled through the passes of
scholars of Egypt, the savants of Bethhoran into the valley of Aija-
Babylon, the learned Celestial, and Ion, which stretched westward to the
the shrewdly observing Hindu would Mediterranean. Joshua was pursuing
all have made mention of so notable them eagerly, taking advantage of
an occurrence. We look in vain for their demoralized condition to pounce
such information. There is no hint upon them before they could form
of it in any pagan literature. The their broken ranks again. Here, if
Greek fable of Phaeton driving the anywhere, he would make his invo-
chariot of the sun and throwing all cation. His military eye would have
things into disorder is plainly ficti- been full of the situation. But there
tious, and alludes to something very was no possible need of such a miracle,
different from the phenomenon men- God was fighting all the time for
tioned in the Bible. Israel, and all through this valley
But more significant than anything down to Azekah, great stones fell
else is the fact that there is no sub- upon the enemy, so "that they were
sequent reference, either in the Old more which died with hail stones
or the New Testament, to this celes- than they which the children of Israel
tial miracle. None of the old prophets slew with the sword." Besides, in the
who are so careful to mention all the face of such a miracle as that, even
instances of faith and the potentiality had there been need, it would have
of prayer, allude to it. In the twenty- been almost profane to ask for an-
eighth chapter of Isaiah allusion is other. We are persuaded the ven-
made to the battle of Gibeon, but erable general would not, after such
nothing is said about the sun stand- a glorious day, petition for further
ing still. Would not so wonderful a proof of God's help, and certainly
phenomenon outlive in prominence with his eye for utility, he could not
the fact of the battle and the victory? have recognized the necessity.
Habakkuk speaks of the sun and As to verse fifteen, it simply per-
moon standing still in their habita- verts the whole inspired portion of the
tions, but the whole strain is intensely narrative. If the verse belongs there,
poetical and possesses no value as a it makes what follows inconsistent,
foundation for rigid historical infer- Is it not more likely that that is false
ence. The phraseology, in fact, reads than that the remainder of the chap-
wonderfully like the rich imagery of ter is?
the same volume of Jasher quoted in Joshua did not return at once ta
Joshua. If he refers to that writer's Gilgal. He had obtained a glorious
account he confirms nothing inspired, victory and his forces were pursuing
but merely repeats the sentiment of the flying enemy. The five kings had
an ancient heroic song. The Apostle been imprisoned within the cave
Paul, one of the most learned men of where they sought refuge, near Make-
his time, when he touches in the dah, and thither, after the pursuit
eleventh chapter of Hebrews upon the was over, Israel encamped with their
doughty deeds of the long line of victorious general. Further on in the
sacred heroes, has nothing to say same chapter, Joshua's campaign is
about this miracle, although the sub- sketched, step by step, and we see
ject strongly invites it when he speaks that he continually went forward, —
of the fame of Joshua. backward never. It was not until
Lastly, let us look at Joshua's geo- the whole southern country was sub-
graphical position. He had fought dued that he went back to Gilgal. In
the pitched battle of Gibeon, which many versions this verse is omitted,
lay in a west direction from his first particularly in the editions of the-
Sun, Stand Thou Still
313
Seventy. And this is a very satis-
factory disposition of it.
And this is the disposition we would
have made of the other verses regard-
ing the miracle. Not because it is a
miracle, but because it is uninspired.
The passage is the only quotation in
the Old Testament. There are allu-
sions to other writers, but not a sin-
gle word from any of them with this
single exception is transcribed into
the Biblical record. Many commen-
tators are inclined to interpret the
language of these verses as figurative
and poetical. That they are so is
plainly seen, since Jasher was a book
of poems, but they are also unca-
nonical. We not only believe that the
sun and moon did not stand still, or
the earth stop in its revolution, but
we believe that the verses that assert
this should be expunged from the
sacred narrative. They break the
continuity of the Scriptures, and con-
fuse its history. The book of Joshua
would be complete without them, and
a stumbling-block would thus be re-
moved which has led to much trouble
and disputation.
THE OUTWITTING OF CALEB JUDD
By Mary C. Smith.
The Nail-Keg Club was gathered
as usual, around the stove in the
village store of Windsor, one October
night. It had been named thus by
the resentful women whose affairs
had been freely commented on there
It had a new member, Cryus Perkins,
who had lately moved into the town
from North Richmond. He had as
yet taken no part in the gossip nor
told any stories.
After Horace Stevens went out
there arose a discussion as to whether
Stevens was making any money on
his farm; whether he fed his stock
sufficiently, if his wife was saving
enough, and as to which of his five
children was the smartest.
During a lull in the discussion
Cyrus Perkins began in his nasal drawl :
"That man Stevens reminds me of
Caleb Judd up to North Richmond.
Ever hear of him? No. Wa'al, Caleb
was jest such a little skinny man as
Stevens is, and the contrariest critter
that I ever laid eyes on. He would
git an idee in his head and you couldn't
knock it out with a sledge hammer,
and he was always looking after the
almighty dollar.
"His wife, Mirandy, was a big,
stout woman, and she wasn't a bit
afraid of Caleb. They had a darter,
Susy, pretty girl, who was jest as
bound to have her own way as Caleb
was."
"Now, Tom Austin, who was
clerking at Bailey's store, was shining
up to Susy. Tom wras a short, dark-
complected feller, poor as a church
mouse, but reel spunky. Caleb made
up his mind that Susy was going to
marry 'Square' Barton, a rich old
bach, fat and bald headed, and
forty-five if he was a day. He was
called a great ketch, but no woman had
ever been able to land him. The
'Square did like fast horses and. he
had several fine roadsters in his stable.
" Now when Caleb met the ' Square*
he would somehow bring Susy in, tell
what a fine cook she was and that the
'Square' ought to be gitting married.
"One Sunday night, when Tom
was seeing Susy home, Caleb was at
the gate waiting to see who was
Susy's beau. When he saw that it
was Tom Austin he started for him
with an old broom-stick; then Tom
knocked Caleb down. After that it
was open war betwixt them. Caleb
vowed that Tom would never marry
314 The Granite Monthly
his darter and Tom vowed he would, scrambled up, fell down, scrambled
Mirandy and Susy were on Tom's up only to fall again into the soap,
side. By this time Susy was with Tom in
"The next Sunday night Caleb the carriage headed for Richard's
himself went to meeting with Susy. Landing. Mirandy came out and
What did he do when coming out, led Caleb over to the pump and
but push Susy up agin 'Square' Bar- doused him with water. Caleb was
ton, and say 'There take her home, wailing 'You let me be, Susy has
You two always want to be together.' run away with Tom Austin.' 'Yes,'
Then Caleb jogged off home calki- Mirandy says, 'They have gone to
lating that the 'Square' and Susy Richard's Landing to git married,
were following, but jest after Caleb and are half way there by this time,
got out of sight, Tom Austin stepped You can't stop them. Serves you
up and the 'Square' said 'Tom, you right for trying to hinder them."
can do this better than I can, but I "Caleb wouldn't speak to Tom or
will walk along ahead so Caleb will Susy for a long time. The next year
think that I came home with Susy.' was the big panic "73" and "Square"
"Caleb kept a watch on Susy fear- Barton lost all his money, had to sell
ing that she would run away with his horses, but he kept the house.
Tom and git married. Now, this is After Jim Bailey took Tom Austin
jest what Tom and Susy with Mi- into partnership in the store and put-
randy's and 'Square'B arton's help up the sign, "Bailey and Austin"
were planning to do. Susy was to Caleb made up with Susy. Then he
meet Tom a little way down the claimed that he had always wanted
road, past Judd's barn, one Tuesday .Tom and Susy to marry; that why
night. Tom had his license, and the he set up against them was to make
'Square' would let him take one of his them like each other better."
fast horses, then Tom and Susy were "Was 'Square' Barton ever mar-
going to Richard's Landing to git ried?" asked Fred Smith.
married, as Caleb had forbidden Parson "Wa'al, there comes the curious
Avery to ever marry his darter to part of it. After the 'Square' lost
that good-for-nothing scalawag of an his money he went off down Boston
Austin. way to start in again. There he
"Caleb was jest coming out of the married a smart young widder, who
soap-house that Tuesday night. He must have married him for love, as
made soft soap and went around he hadn't any money. The 'Square'
peddling it. He saw Susy in a white was a pretty good sort of man. After
dress slipping out the gate, then he a while he brought his wife to North
heard a carriage and suspicioned Richmond to live. They had a
what was up, then he started to run darter Helen, a schoolma'am, and
after her. Now, Caleb had left a whom did she marry but Tom and
big tub of sott soap outside, and, Susy's son Frank. Frank and Helen
first thing he knew, he slipped and were schoolmates. They live out in
went head first into that. He bel- Iowa. Frank is a big man out there,
lowed and yelled and swore; he They sent him to Congress last fall.
THE MATADOR
A Memory of Toledo
By Fred Myron Colby
Gay in the shining sun he stands,
With cap of crimson and vest of blue,
And hose and jacket of raven hue;
The tinsel and gilt of Moorish lands
Blazing in all his garments new;
Tall and slender, of stately mien,
A picture of manly grace, I ween,
As ever was in Toledo seen.
Teeth as white as my lady's pearls,
Forehead fair 'neath his clustering curls,
A perfumed knight, yet a chief in war, —
This is our Spanish matador.
In the esplanade of an afternoon
You may see him with jaunt}', reckless air.
Ogling the pretty maidens there;
By the light of the crescent moon
He sings his ditties to raven hair
And flashing eyes of Moorish fire;
Playing his amorous serenade
Under the gilded balcony's shade
Of many a pious Castilian maid,
Whose love he fancies he cares to win —
This carpet knight of tinsel and tin —
Winning a smile from Merimee,
A glance from Carmencita gay.
But when he looks a hero true,
The cynosure of a thousand eyes,
Assembled under Castilian skies,
While far away stretch hills of blue,
And dark-eyed beauties heave their sighs
As the sun glares on the hot white sand,
Saint Jago! 'tis a pretty sight.
The galleries gay with gleaming light,
That gracious figure fair and bright;
And, pawing in the shining sand,
The stateliest bull in all the land,
With jetty eyes and rings of snow
Flashing defiance at his foes.
*»
There's a rush, bueno! he's hit!
A plunge, a wrestle, a stifled roar,
The bull lies lifeless in his gore
But, oh, the gruesome sight of it!
Another taurus, ah, yes, two more,
With thundering hoofs to meet his hand.
316 The Granite Monthly
A feint, a stumble, a broken brand,
Merci! he's down in the crimson sand;
And over him bends a tearful face,
Carmencita's with tender grace.
Ah, never more in love or in war
Will she see her gallant matador.
THE PLAYHOUSE UNDER THE BRIDGE
By Mary Currier Rolofson
The brook was small and sloped away
From a little stretch of sand
On which our feet, sunburned and bare,
Found scanty space to stand;
But overhead was space to spare,
For the brook, a tireless thing,
Had dug a deep and narrow trench
In which to hide and sing.
Two strong high walls our playhouse had,
And two doors, open wide,
A good thick roof was over us
That every storm defied;
And many cupboards in the walls
There were to hold our store
Of broken plates and teacups cracked,
And many treasures more.
The land with milk and honey flowed.
How easy 'twas to make
From sand and pebbles, leaves and grass
A pudding, pie or cake!
And then — delightful task! we washed
Our dishes clean once more,
And hung the dishcloth on a bush
To dry beside the door.
But most exciting were the times
When we could hear a team:
All play was stopped as it approached
The bridge across the stream.
With roar and rumble, on it sped
Right over roof and all,
And we stood huddled half afraid
Our playhouse roof would fall.
Ah! passer-by, with prancing steed,
You ne'er did once surmise
That underneath your horse's feet
Were cupboards full of pies;
Were little barefoot maidens two,
Who clasped each other tight,
And a dinner waiting to be cooked
When you had climbed the height.
SAMUEL HOWARD GERRISH
By John B. Stevens
A recent number of the Sacramento
Union chronicles the death of Samuel
Howard Gerrish, aged seventy-seven
years and eight months. To elderly
Dover and Somersworth people this
announcement will prove of interest.
The newspaper says, in part :
"A pioneer in the work of accli-
mating tropical trees in Sacramento,
for thirty-three years secretary of the
public library directors, and one of
the best known and most popular of
the old school railroad men, passed
away on the seventh of the current
month. Death came in his fine house
on G Street, where he had lived since
1866. He was concerned first with
the Sacramento Iron Works; passed
to the Pacific Railroad Company,
and stayed with it when it was taken
over by the Southern Pacific.
"During the Civil War Mr. Gerrish
was engineer in charge of the United
States dry dock in the Mare Island
Navy Yard, when among others the
Kearsarge was docked for repairs after
combat with the Alabama. He was
a Free Mason since 1863 and an Odd
Fellow since 1866. In his prime he
was also a member of the Californian
National Guard. He retired from
business in 1894.
"Mr. Gerrish descended from one
of the oldest New England families.
Surviving him is a widow whose an-
cestors came to America on the
Mayflower. There are three daugh-
ters and one son also surviving."
One of his Dover schoolmates has
this to say:
"Young Gerrish lived on Chapel
Street, when I began to know him,
in the building next back of the
store now occupied by Eugene Smart
and son. His widowed mother moved
to north side of Washington Street, a
little west of Green street. Probably
we went to school together in 1842-3,
in primary room, north side, on
Fayette street, taught by Miss Juli-
ette W. Perkins, but it is certain we
were in the secondary room on south
side, under Miss Harriet B. Snell, in
1843-4. Then we went to the Landing
upper room, under Abram B. San-
ders, in 1844-5. Mr. Sanders had a
state-wide reputation as a teacher,
second only to Mr. Sherman's. Dover
teachers ranked high and inquiring
visitors came from far and near. In
1846 we were pupils in Sherman's
private school on Church street.
Then our school ways parted. By
this time Mrs. Gerrish had moved to
Atkinson street. Later the family
occupied a house on part of the City
Opera House lot. 'Sam' was placed
at Pine Hill School with Mr. Sanders,
and I followed Sherman to the
Landing."
About 1850 "Sam" went to work
for James Furber at Great Falls on
the Thursday Sketcher or its- successor,
the Great Falls Journal. He boarded
with Jacob Sleeper on Main Street.
It is remembered that he never let
up on the study of the Spanish lan-
guage, which he began in Dover
under Clemente Villavonga, Capt.
Andrew Pierce's shipping clerk. While
at Great Falls he took lessons in
mathematics of a briefless young
lawyer. One of his brother directors
of the Sacramento public library
writes that he accumulated a rare
collection of Spanish works and be-
came a recognized authority on the
early laws, customs and usages of
California. Later he worked in the
Morning Star office. When eighteen
he went to California and saw the
land Avhich Bret Harte afterward
made famous. In 1860 he ventured
again, and settled in Sacramento,
never to return.
"Sam" was one of the smart boys
of my time, quietly developing, one
after the other, resources of which he
was not himself aware. He loved to
hear from boyhood friends. Success-
318
The Granite Monthly
ful in the land of his adoption, he
was never tired of writing about the
old days. In his last letter, in March
of the present year, he said: "Write
about boyhood times. Write of the
girls and boys we used to know, if
any of them survive. Send pictures
of Pine Hill and Landing school-
houses, and do not forget the old
Belknap of Church street, which you
say has been moved and turned to
ignoble uses. Do not send today's
doings. I get that in the news-
papers. Tell me what was in your
mind when you went where we used
to gather walnuts — about the 'Or-
chard,' the 'Hollow' and 'Log Hill
Spring,' the swimming cove. Is the
high board fence still in front of the
Captain Paul house, and do the frogs
still sing in Unitarian pond? Do
you recall the outlaw circumstance of
changing the gates of Editor Gibbs
and Squire Woodman? The gates
fitted snugly in their new places and
it took time to uncover the deceit.
But the language of the army in
Flanders was as nothing to their re-
marks. Are the gooseberry bushes
alive in your yard? Such a letter
will bring glad tidings to your old
friend, who lives far from you, away
over the great rivers and Sierra gla-
ciers. I am surrounded by palm, fig
and orange and other tropical trees;
vines of many kinds, all of my own
planting, and I wish you were here
to eat of their ripe fruit. But I
long to bite into one of Nat Eaton's
sour apples; to spread on my cake
such sauce as mother made of Dea-
con Cushing's native grapes; to
steal again through Asa Freeman's
garden fence and cram myself with
his tart currants. There was a
secret sweetness in the pears we
could not keep from pilfering in
George Mathewson's lot, which I do
not find on this happy coast."
BIRTHDAY GREETINGS
By Maude Gordon Roby
I'm sending you this card to say
'Tis glad I am of your birthday —
Aye, mighty glad that you were born,
For — so was I, "one happy morn."
And now I wonder what to say.
"You're sweeter than the flowers of May"
Or "fairer than the flowers of June,
When birds and blossoms are a-tune. "
But 0 my Lass, I think you know
I want to say, "/ love you so!"
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
REV. NATHANIEL J. MERRILL.
Rev. Nathaniel J. Merrill, the oldest
member of the New England Methodist
Episcopal Conference, died at his home in
Wilbraham, Mass., August 14, 1912.
He was a native of the town of Lyman in
this state, born August 25, 1817, one of ten
children of Rev. Joseph A. Merrill who was
for twenty-five years a presiding elder, and a
brother of Rev. John W. Merrill who was
dean of the Methodist Biblical Institute in
Concord, prior to its removal to Boston. He
studied in that institution from 1811 to 1843,
and filled, subsequently, various pastorates
in Massachusetts, and was also for some time
a member of the faculty of Wesleyan Semi-
nary, at Wilbraham, of which he had been for
some time the oldest living graduate.
MARY A. SAFFORD
Mary A. Safford, widow of the late James
F. Safford, died at her home in Rochester,
October 9, 1912.
Mrs. Safford was a native of Farmington,
daughter of Israel and Anne F. (Edgerly)
Hayes, born in 1850. She early developed
a strong taste for art and became one of the
most skillful painters in oil in >the state,
excelling in landscape painting. She was
also an adept in crayon work, and taught
large classes in both lines at Rochester long
before her removal there from Farmington,
a number of years ago.
She was also prominent in club and frater-
nity circles, was regent of Mary Torr Chapter
D. A. R.; had been president of the Rochester
Woman's Club and of the State Federation.
She was a member of Fraternity Chapter
0. E. S. of Farmington, and Past Grand
Matron of the Order in the State. She was
a member of the Congregational Church at
Farmington, and of the W. R. C. of that
town.
JOSEPH R. CURTIS
Joseph R. Curtis, a well-known citizen of
Portsmouth, born in Belfast, Me., March 10,
1845, died after a long illness, October
3, 1912.
He was a member of the famous First
Maine Regiment of the Civil War and was
engaged in all the important battles in which
it participated, having horses killed under
him more than once. He was left for dead on
the second Bull Run battle field, when bis
horse was torn to pieces by a bursting shell,
but crawled out of the debris comparatively
unharmed, only to be captured by the Con-
federates; but was released and back with his
regiment within sixty days.
After the war Mr. Curtis took up his resi-
dence in Portsmouth where he was United
States store keeper for a number of years.
For six years he was editor of the Penny
Post— now the Portsmouth Herald, was sub-
sequently inspector of customs, and for some
years past had been a messenger at the
navy yard.
Mr. Curtis wras a member and the first
commander of Gen. Oilman Marston Com-
mand, Union Veterans Union, and was also a
member St. Johns' Lodge, Xo. 1, A. F.&A. M.,
and Washington Royal Arch Chapter of
Portsmouth. He is survived by one daught er,
Mrs. Gardner V. Urch of Portsmouth.
BENJAMIN CHASE
Benjamin Chase, born in Auburn, August
18, 1832, died in Deny, September 27, 1912.
He was a son of Benjamin and Hannah
(Hall) Chase, his father being the author of
Chase's History of Chester. He attended for
some time in youth the famous school of
Moses A. Cartland in Lee. After coming of
age he made one or two sea voyages, and then
engaged in mechanical pursuits, for which he
had a strong taste, and was employed as a
millwright in various manufactories in this
state and Massachusetts.
In 1867 he located in Derry and began the
manufacture of loom reed ribs, rapidly
enlarging his business and adding the manu-
facture of harness shafts and other factory
appliances. In 1907 the business was incor-
porated as the Benjamin Chase Co., and its
plant is said to be the best of its kind in the
country. Mr. Chase was possessed of much
inventive genius, and devised and perfected
much valuable machinery used in his business.
He married in 1875 Harriet D. Fuller of
Dunbarton, who died last January leaving
one daughter, Mrs. Charles E. Newell.
HUBBARD A. BARTON
Hubbard A. Barton, for twenty-eight years
one of the editors of the New Hampshire
Argus & Spectator at Newport, died at his
home in that town September 2, 1912.
Mr. Barton was a native of the town of
I Iroydon, a son of Caleb and Bethiah (Tuck)
Barton, born May 12, 1842. He was educated
in the public schools and by a private tutor
and passed his early life in bis native town,
where he served seven years as superintending
school committee. He removed to Newport
and became an associate editor and pro-
prietor of the Argus and Spectator with W. W.
Prescott, in 1S79, succeeding the firm of
Carleton & Harvey the next year. Mr. Pres-
cott's place being taken by George B. Wheeler,
with whom Mr. Barton was associated until
1907, when on account of failing health, he
was obliged to retire from business and the
paper was sold to Samuel H. Edes.
Mr. Barton was a lifelong Democrat, an
320
The Granite Monthly
active member of the Masonic order,
holding the Knight Templar's rank, and a
Knight of Pythias. He was a public spirited
citizen universally esteemed and respected.
He served several years as a trustee of the
Richards Free Library. His funeral was
under the direction of Mount Vernon Lodge,
A. F. & A. M., of Newport.
April 27, 1882, he married Ella L. Wil-
mouth of Newport, who survives, with one
son, Henry W., a student in the University of
Chicago.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
The trustees of the New Hampshire College
of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, at
Durham, have finally effected the selection of a
successor to President William D. Gibbs, who
resigned some months since, a final ballot,
October 9, resulting in the choice of E. T.
Fairchild, Superintendent of Public Instruc-
tion for the state of Kansas. Why these
gentlemen should have gone to the state of
Kansas, for a head of the State College when
they had at hand in the person of our own State
Superintendent a man whose general qualifica-
tions are excelled by those of no other in the
country, and whose intimate acquaintance
with educational conditions in the state gave
him advantage over all others for effective
work in the position, is a question which puz-
zles not a few of our citizens who are not
aware how far personal prejudice and cor-
poration hostility goes in shaping the control
of public affairs. It is to be hoped that
the newly elected president will prove equal
to the task assigned him; but it is certainly
to be regretted that the one man of unques-
tioned fitness right here in the state was not
called to the place.
with Dr. Stackpole. Durham is one of the
most important of our old colonial towns,
and this history will be widely and heartily
welcomed.
Rev. Everett S. Stackpole of Bradford,
Mass., who contributes an article on the
Settlement at Durham Point to this number
of the Granite Monthly, the same being the
substance of his address at the late annual
meeting of the "Piscataqua Pioneers" in
Durham, is preparing a history of the town
of Durham, with Mr. Lucien Thompson of
that town as an associate in the work, the
latter, along with Deacon W. S. Meserve,
having been collecting material for the same
for many years, and having a large amount
of valuable matter, historical and genealogi-
cal, in hand. Two volumes, one historical
and one genealogical, are contemplated, and
it is hoped to have the matter ready for the
printer in the course of a year at farthest.
Any one knowing anything about the old
families of Durham is invited to correspond
The fall meeting of the New Hampshire
Board of Trade was held in Precinct Hall at
Hillsborough, on Tuesday, October 8, upon
invitation of the Hillsborough Board of Trade
with a good attendance, 85 persons taking
dinner at the Valley Inn. There was a short *
business session before dinner, at which it
was voted to hold the next spring meeting
at Milford, from which place a delegation of
eleven were in attendance at this meeting,
and the fall meeting next year at Keene.
The hall was well filled at the public session
in the afternoon, at which Wm. H. Manahan,
Jr., president of the Hillsborough board,
delivered an address of welcome, responded
to by Judge J. W. Remick cf Concord, and
addresses were given by Hon. N. J. Bachel-
der on "The New Hampshire Agricultural
Outlook," Hon. R. J. Merrill of Claremont
on "The Insurance Department and Its
Relation to the Business Interests of the
state"; by Prof. George H. Whitcher of
Berlin on "The Chamber of Commerce of
the United States of America and what it
stands for," and "The Proposed Constitu-
tional Amendments" by Hon. E. M. Smith
of Peterborough. The addresses were heard
with deep interest and embodied much valu-
able information.
With a third party ticket in the field which
introduces the element of doubt into the
situation in larger measure than was ever
before the case, there seems to be less excite-
ment and less real interest in the political
campaign in this state than in any former
presidential year; while there is scarcely any
thought or attention being given to the dozen
proposed amendments to the State Consti-
tution submitted to tli3 people for approval or
rejection by the recent convention.
FRANCIS HENRY GOODALL
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 11 NOVEMBER, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 11
FRANCIS HENRY GOODALL
By H. H. Metcalf
Among the notable families in beth, daughter of Dr. Samuel Brig-
northern New Hampshire during the ham of Marlboro, Mass. They had
early part of the last century was seven children, one of whom named
that of Goodall, whose first repre- Ira, was born in Halifax, Vt., August
sentative in that region was the Rev. 1, 1788. He was educated in the
David Goodall, a Congregational Littleton schools and when twenty-
clergyman, who, after a somewhat one years of age entered upon the
extended pastorate in Halifax, Vt., study of law in the office of Moses C.
removed to the town of Littleton, Payson of Bath, once president of
with his large family, where he en- the State Senate and long prominent
gaged in agricultural pursuits, though in legal and political circles. Upon
contriving to preach as a supply, his admission to the bar he settled
in various places, and engaging quite in practice in Bath, where he remained
extensively in public affairs, having many years, filling a large place in
represented Littleton in the General professional, public and business life.
Court twelve times between 1800 and He was the third postmaster of the
1815. town, was its representative in the
He was a descendant, in the fourth legislature, and was at one time presi-
generation of that Robert Goodall, dent of the White Mountain Rail-
born in 1603, who embarked from road. He was also interested in
Ispwich, England, April 1634 with military affairs, was Paymaster of
his wife, Katherine, born 1605, and the 32d Regiment, N. H. Militia and
three children, and settled in Salem, Judge Advocate on the staff of Gen.
Mass. David Rankin. He removed to Be-
The line of descent is through loit, Wisconsin, in 1856, where he died
John, son of Robert and Katherine, March 3, 1868. While in practice in
born 1680, who married Elizabeth Bath he was in partnership, first with
Witt, and their son, Nathan, born Andrew S. Woods, who subsequently
January 10, 1709, who married Persis became justice of the Supreme Court;
Whitney and settled in Marlboro, then with his son, Samuel H. Goodall,
Mass., where their son, David, above who, later, removed to Portsmouth,
named, was born, August 14, 1749. and, afterward, with the late Hon.
He graduated from Dartmouth Col- Alonzo P. Carpenter, who also sub-
lege in 1777; was a soldier in the sequently became an associate and
Revolutionary army, serving under finally Chief Justice of the Supreme
General Montgomery in Canada, stud- Court, and had long been known as
ied for the ministry and became pastor one of the alert and most brilliant
of the Congregational Church at lawyers at the New Hampshire bar.
Halifax, Vt., in 1781, where he con- Ira Goodall married, May 9, 1812,
tinued until nearly the close of the Hannah C. Hutchins of Bath, a grand-
century when he removed to Littleton daughter of Jeremiah Hutchins, born
as before stated. His wife was Eliza- 1736, who removed, from Haverhill,
324
The Granite Monthly
Mass., to Bath in 1783, where he was
also the head of a prominent family,
among his .descendants being Presi-
dent Harry Burns Hutchins of the
University of Michigan. One of his
sons, Samuel, born 1769, married
Rosann Child, January 1794, and
their eldest daughter was Hannah
Child Hutchins, above named. Ira
and Hannah C. (Hutchins) Goodall
had twelve children — seven sons and
five daughters. The youngest of
their daughters — Julia Rosanna, be-
came the wife of Hon. Alonzo P.
Carpenter, and, for many years pre-
vious to her death, was known,
throughout the state, not merely as
the wife of an eminent jurist, but as
one of the most earnest workers in
New Hampshire along charitable and
reform lines. She was the first presi-
dent of the State Board of Char-
ities and Corrections, and active in
the Woman's Christian Temperance
Union and other prominent organiza-
tions for the promotion of human
welfare, and has a worthy successor
in her daughter, Lilian Carpenter
Streeter, wife of Gen. Frank S.
Streeter, the eminent Concord law-
yer, who was the first president
of the Concord Woman's Club, and
of the New Hampshire Federation
of Women's Clubs, and is now presi-
dent of the State Board of Charities
and Corrections, giving much of her
time and labor to its important work.
The youngest of the family were
twin sons — Edward Brigham, now
and for a long time past in dental
practice in the city of Portsmouth,
and Francis H., the last born, a brief
mention of whom is the purpose of
this sketch.
Francis Henry Goodall was born
in Bath, January 10, 1838, received
his preliminary education in the
public schools of his native town, and
fitted for college in the Academy
there, then taught by Alonzo P. Car-
penter, who was himself a Williams
College student at the time, engaging
in teaching as a means of meeting his
expenses, as was the custom of the
ambitious and energetic youth of the
day; and in this connection it may
properly be remarked that great as
he was as a lawyer in after years, Mr.
Carpenter was known, by those who
enjoyed his close acquaintance, to be
one of the best classical scholars of
his day.
He entered Dartmouth College
and graduated with the Class of 1857,
among his classmates being the late
Hon. Ira Colby of Claremont, Hon.
William J. Forsaith, long a justice of
the Municipal Court of Boston, the
late Gen. Edward F. Noyes of Ohio,
distinguished in the Union service
in the Civil War, and later in political
life, and that eminent jurist, the late
Judge James B. Richardson of Massa-
chusetts who died last year at his
summer home in the town of Orford.
After leaving college Mr. Goodall
entered upon the study of the law
in Mr. Carpenter's office in Bath and
was admitted to the bar in 1859,
locating in Beloit, Wisconsin, where
he formed a partnership with Hon.
R. H. Mills, then mayor of the city,
and commanding a large business.
His partnership continued until the
outbreak of the Civil War, when Mr.
Goodall enlisted April 13, 1861, for
three months in a company of stud-
ents from Beloit College, called the
"Beloit Rifles," which was attached
to the 2d Wisconsin active militia.
He was honorably discharged from
this service, and in August, 1862,
returned to his native state where
he joined a company then being
organized, from the towns of Haver-
hill, Bath and Lisbon, for service in
the 11th New Hampshire Regiment.
This was Company G, Mr. Goodall
being made 1st Sergeant and serv-
ing with the regiment until he was
totally disabled, and was honorably
discharged May 23, 1864. His record
as a soldier was highly creditable, and
his heroism is fully attested in the fact
that he was accorded a medal of honor
for taking a badly wounded comrade
off the field of battle at Fredericks-
burg, Va., December 13, 1862, under
a heavy fire.
The following testimonial, filed in
Francis Henry Goodall
325
his behalf, upon his recommendation
for promotion, by Lieut.-Colonel Col-
lins, is indicative of the character of
his military service:
To Whom it May Concern: This may certify
that while the undersigned was in command
of Co. G, 11th N. H. Vols., Francis H. Goodall
was First Sergeant of the company, and, from
the knowledge then gained of his character
and attainments, I most cordially recommend
him as honest, industrious, discreet and
absolutely reliable. As a soldier he was
always ready to act, prompt to obey, attentive
to duty and gallant in action.
of the Treasury, William Pitt Fes-
senden, as a first class clerk in the
Second Auditor's office, but was
unable to accept until September
17, 1864, when he was sworn into the
service, and has been on active duty
in the same office from that day to the
present time. He was first private
secretary to the Hon. E. B. French,
Second Auditor of the Treasury, who
was appointed by President Lincoln
in August, 1861, and who served
continuously in the same position
until his death in 1879. There were
only 21 men employed in this office
Mr. Goodall enjoying life in his "back yard"
At the battle of Fredericksburg, both of
my lieutenants being absent from sickness, I
directed Sergeant Goodall to act as lieutenant,
and in that position he fought through that
terrible struggle with conspicuous coolness,
ability and bravery. As a soldier he always
won my warmest approval, and was a promi-
nent example of sober, intelligent, courteous
manhood. Always, under all circumstances,
he was a perfect gentleman.
[Signed] Geo. E. Pingree,
Captain Co. G, 11th N. 11. Vols.
Soon after his discharge he was tend-
ered an appointment by the Secretary
when the war began, but. in 1866, 7, 8
and 9 the working force embraced
no less than 500 clerks.
Mr. Goodall has been chief of two
different divisions, and has held two
appointments as disbursing clerk.
He has served under nine different
Auditors, two of whom were Demo-
crats, and he has succeeded in com-
manding the esteem, confidence and
hearty good will of all, by a uniform,
steady, straight-forward course of
action, doing his duty, faithfully and
honestly, without fear, favor or hope
of reward, beyond the regular com-
326
The Granite Monthly
pensation and the approval of his
own conscience.
The Divisions of which he served
as Chief were of the Mail and that for
the Investigation of Fraud, to the
latter of which he was appointed by
Secretary John Sherman upon the
recommendation of Auditor French.
Upon the eve of his own retirement
from office, Second Auditor William
A. Day, now president of the New
York Equitable Life Insurance Com-
pany addressed Mr. Goodall as
follows :
Treasury Department
Second Auditor's Office
Washington, D. C, April 12, 1889.
Mr. Francis H. Goodall,
Second Auditor's Office.
My Dear Sir:
On the eve of my retirement, as Second
Auditor of the Treasury, it affords me pleas-
ure to bear testimony to the fidelity shown
in your conscientious performance, during
my incumbency of every duty assigned to
you while in charge of the Divisions of the
Mail and the Investigation of Fraud.
The unblemished integrity and keen per-
ception you have exercised in the watchful
management of two of the most important
functions of the office, and in the interests of
the Government in all matters coming within
your observation, has very much lessened
the anxieties incident to my position and
confirms the important statement of my
predecessor (Judge Ferris) in commendation
of your valuable qualifications for public
office.
Most truly yours,
Wm. A. Day.
Mr. Goodald married August 24,
1865, Ophelia P. Brewer, daughter of
Otis Brewer, long editor and pro-
prietor of the old Boston Cultivator,
whose motto — "Cultivate the Soil
and the Mine"- — still stands out
boldly in the memory of many a then
aspiring youth, hoping for literary
distinction, some of the productions
of whose pens occasionally found
place within its columns. They lived
together most happily forty-four years,
until her decease, three years ago.
They had five children, three of whom
died young. Two, a son and daugh-
ter— Otis B. and Julia R. Goodall
— are still living lives of usefulness
and success.
Soon after entering upon his depart-
mental work in the government serv-
ice at Washington, Mr. Goodall
established his home on P St., N. W.,
and, for the last forty years and more,
he has been as unfailing and persis-
tent in his efforts to make home life
beautiful and attractive as he has to
render efficient service to the govern-
ment in the position which he has so
faithfully filled. He is an ardent
lover of Nature, and woos her per-
sistently, at all seasons and in all
her phases. The cultivation of flow-
ers has been a pleasure and delight
for him during all these years, till
he has transformed the ground in
front of his residence, and his back
yard as well, into perfect "bowers of
beauty," so that they have become
not only a source of delight to the
neighborhood, but have become the
subject of general admiration and
comment.
His achievements in this direction
were made the subject of an illustra-
ted article occupying more than half
a page in a recent issue of the Wash-
ington Sunday Star, from which a
few paragraphs, showing not only his
love of Nature and passion for home
adornment, but his desire to make
more bright and cheerful the lives of
others, by sharing with them the
attractions with which his own home
life is surrounded, and stimulating
in them, not only a purpose to achieve
like results, so far as opportunity
makes practicable, but also to culti-
vate the kindly and fraternal spirit
which lightens all life's burdens, and
transforms the barren plains of daily
duty into joyful fields of verdure and
beauty, may properly be quoted, as
follows :
Leaving untouched no spot of earth where
a flower or shrub would be an adornment, Mr.
Goodall has developed the premises surround-
ing his residence into a garden of nature's
rarest creations, employing simple and
Francis Henry Goodall
327
inexpensive methods that are within the
reach of any householder. Since 1871 he has
devoted himself to the work of making his
home attractive that others might enjoy it
as well as himself. In the art of yard decorat-
ing he is one of Washington's pioneers.
Although now in his seventy-fifth year, Mr.
Goodall is as active as a young man, and never
allows a week to go by without taking long
tramps along the slopes of the Potomac or
banks of the canal in search of some new
plant. These trips he has taken regularly
in winter and summer for more than thirty
years, as a result of which there is to be found
a greater variety of wild shrubs on his prem-
ises than probably on any other spot in
Washington.
He has demonstrated that cost is a small
factor in the beautifying of one's home and
that any yard, no matter how small, can be
made to add greatly to a city's general appear-
ance, if proper effort is made to improve it.
He has gone a step farther than those citizens
who are engaged in reclaiming unsightly
back yards by treating with impartiality the
front, back and side yards — the lat'ter amount-
ing practically to an areaway — which sur-
round his house. It would be difficult to
determine which part is the more attractive.
In the rear yard is an althea tree which
has grown to a height of thirty feet and
probably is the tallest specimen of its kind
in the city. Here abundant shade is to be
found.
The home has been enjoyed not alone by
Mr. Goodall and the members of his family.
It has been the scene of frequent gatherings
of government officials and employes and,
in this way, it is believed that many residents
of the city have been stimulated with a desire
to similarly improve the lawns surrounding
their dwellings. Since the death of his wife
Mr. Goodall has been assisted in entertaining
these informal gatherings by his daughter,
Miss Julia R. Goodall.
It is known that Mr. Goodall has under
consideration a plan which contemplates the
inviting of members of the police and fire
departments to inspect the premises. If such
a scheme is determined upon and meets with
the approval of the District authorities mem-
bers of the departments who accept the
invitation will be given an opportunity to
learn some of the practical problems of
improving the appearances of front, back
and side yards.
The information thus obtained could be
widely disseminated, especially by the mem-
bers of the police department, and would, it
is believed, be followed by beneficial results
through the beautifying of private premises
in many sections of the city.
When seen by a reporter for the Star Mr.
Goodall was enjoying the comforts of a ham-
mock, which had been suspended between
the back yard fence and the althea tree
referred to, and was absorbed in one of Emer-
son's essays. Incidentally, this hammock has
been in his possession for ten years, and he
never fails to carry it on his jaunts into the
woods.
It may well be a source of inspira-
tion to any young man of our own or
any other state, seeking to make his
own life useful and helpful, to con-
template the life of this loyal son of
the old Granite State, who has never
forgotten the land of his birth, and
loves its mountains, lakes and forests
as fervently as in the days of his
youth, as he pursues the daily grind
of official duty, mingling therewith as
constant contact with nature's loveli-
ness, beautifying his home, making
life therein sweet and wholesome,
and extending its ennobling influence
into the lives of friends, neighbors
and associates.
"He who lives truly will see truly,"
says Emerson, and Francis Henry
Goodall, a true lover of that great
poet-philosopher, is a living exemplar
of the wisdom embodied in the
saying.
PISCATAQUA PIONEERS
Anonymous
The rippling waves run low
On a safe and sandy coast;
From stately woods mild zephyrs blow
The verdant meads across.
And the mid-day sun beams bright
The hills and waters o'er,
As a bark of exiles enters a bight
Of Piscataqua's eastern shore.
Not of their own free wills,
But exiles, driven by fate,
Far from their native German hills,
They come to found a state.
Their lot they much deplored
As o'er the sea they rolled,
Where, tempest -tossed, they wept and roared
As Aeneas did of old.
Thus ran their wild lament:
"0 for our native home!
Would we had died before we went
On raging seas to roam."
But now, with hardships past,
And harbor safe in view,
They crowd ahead, before the mast,
A glad and merry crew.
They down the gangway glide,
On shore they dance with glee,
And rove and wander far and wide,
The goodly land to see.
And when the curfew rang,
Returned, by evening's calm,
They one and all together sang
The third and twentieth psalm.
Then Fortune's favors came their way.
They children's children lived to see.
And their descendants to this day
Are best of friends to you and me.
And if on them of glory less,
The Muse of History bestows,
Than on the Pilgrims, still we bless
The memory of John Mason's cows.
PEMBROKE SOLDIERS' MONUMENT
Dedicatory Address, Delivered September 12, 1912
By Harry F. Lake
Within the last three months no
less than three soldiers' monuments
have been dedicated in this state—
at Pembroke, Haverhill and Dover.
The two former were provided for
by popular subscription and public
appropriation, and erected in honor
of all the soldiers of the Republic
from the respective towns, while the
latter was the sole gift of Col. Daniel
Hall, of Dover, and is erected in
memory of the Union Soldiers from
that city engaged in the Civil War
only.
The Pembroke monument was form-
ally dedicated on Thursday, Sep-
tember 12, the original plan having
been for dedication on Labor Day,
but a postponement having been
rendered necessary on account of
the unfavorable weather.
This monument, which was pro-
jected several years ago and a founda-
tion therefor provided by Buntin
Chapter, D. A. R., of Pembroke, is
of granite, of handsome design, sur-
mounted by a lifesized statue of a
Union soldier, of the same material,
and said to be a likeness of Lieut.
Colonel Henry W. Blair of the
Fifteenth N. H. Regiment, in the
Civil War, subsequently Unit e< I States
Senator and now residing in Wash-
ington.
Mr. E. T. Morrison of Pembroke
had taken up the project, where it
was dropped several years ago, and
raised over half the requisite amount
of funds by subscription, and at the
last annual town meeting the town
appropriated the necessary balance,
and appointed a Committee, with Mr.
Samuel D. Robinson as Chairman to
carry out the work.
The Committee contracted with
the R. P. Stevens Company of Man-
chester for the monument, complete,
and the work was expeditiously and
satisfactorily completed by them, the
monument being erected on Wilson
Park, Pembroke Street, at the junc-
tion of Main Street and Broadway, a
commanding site, where it is seen to
advantage by all passers by carriages
and auto or electrics along the
Soldiers' Monument, Pembroke, N. H.
splendid throughfare leading from
Concord to Manchester, via Pembroke
Street,
The Pembroke schools were closed,
in honor of the occasion, on the day
of dedication, and there was a large
crowd of people in attendance. Music
was rendered by Nevers Band of
Concord, and prayer offered by Rev.
Thomas W. Harwood, pastor of the
Pembroke Congregational church.
The presentation address was by
Chairman Robinson of the Com-
mittee and the service of dedication
330 The Granite Monthly
was performed by E. E. Sturtevant ing away farther than the naked eye
Post, G. A. R., of Concord, Edward can reach, which greeted the anxious
P. Kimball of Pembroke is Comman- eye of the Pilgrim in his first journey
der. The dedicatory or historical westward between the two worlds,
address was delivered by Harry F. one long, low sand-dune beyond the
Lake, Esq., of Concord, of the law other, except where now and then can
firm of Foster and Lake, a native of be seen some more rugged headland
the town, and was as follows: of the desolate coast. I saw where
first pressed all the feet of this small
Historical Address. band of people which left this little
,, ^v7 . t 7- 7 ^ j7 ship to make permanent residence in
Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: thig North ^ and ag a carel?gg ya_
I remember to have read that in cationist, I have trodden, and in part
the old heroic days of Greece, Herod- explored, the same valleys and the
itus. one day went to the Olympian same heights, and been on the same
games. He was soon recognized, and river as were first explored by a party
the whole multitude, in glad acclaim, of men from the Mayflower under the
bore him away on their shoulders, command of Miles Standish, and in
crying — "Let us honor the man who particular been to the same hill
has written the history of our coun- where the Pilgrims found, hidden by
try." So gathered here today we the Indians in the sand, the corn and
say, "Let us honor the men who have beans which did much to save from
had so large a part in the making of starvation this small shipload of
our history." wanderers during the cruel winter
In the market place at Athens, the already upon them. No man, who,
Greeks walked among the statues in substantial measure, appreciates
of their heroes and their gods, and the struggle of a great race toward
kept themselves familiar with deeds economic, social and religious liberty
of patriotism and valor. Thus the throughout three centuries can find
real defence of Athens, in a fighting himself in such historic surroundings
era, was really the market place, and remain unmoved. And further,
where citizens were transformed our boat passed where, with
into patriots and soldiers and heroes, approximate certainty, the Mayflower
So great, then, is the power of sug- was anchored, when, before a soul set
gestion that we do well, now and foot on land, in its cabin, before an
then, to recall the achievements of open Bible, under the inspiration of
our mighty men, living and dead, prayer, and in the anxious, visible
and stretch our smaller selves up presence of each other they covenanted
against their majestic proportions, to and combined themselves "Together
catch their spirit, exalt our standard, into a body politic, ... to
and ourselves grow to greater meas- enact, constitute and frame such just
urements. Somebody has said that and equal laws, ordinances, acts,
if you take from Greece a dozen constitutions and offices from time
names, you make barren even that to time, as shall be thought most meet
classic land, but if you take from and convenient for the general good
history the story of the men whom of the colony unto which we promise
today we honor, and their kind in all due submission and obedience."
this country, then you rob our race of Let us now, today, honor the men
some of the better parts of its record who, throughout the many crises in
of chivalry, and physical, intellectual our country's history, kept true faith
and moral courage. with the purposes of that original
I have recently been where in covenant, and when it became neces-
large part began the more significant sary, compelled, by force of arms,
history of our country, and, I have due submission and obedience to the
from the water, seen the land stretch- greater instrument that superseded
Pembroke Soldier's' Monument
331
that covenant, i. e., the Constitution
of the States.
I understand my part in these
exercises to be merely to make some
suggestions, and state, perhaps, some
facts concerning our citizen soldiery,
which facts are open, however, to all
who have the disposition to seek
them out. I love to contemplate the
sturdy character of the men who first
built homes in my native town,
because, to contemplate the character
of such men at any time is a whole-
some thing. Men they were, built
after a simple pattern, getting a live-
lihood for themselves and family
from the rugged land, or the river,
the fertility of the one and the abun-
dance from the other, holding out so
perpetual and so attractive an invita-
tion, as, set in scenes of natural
beauty as alluring as the eye ever
rested upon, could not well be resisted
by those who sought a lifelong home.
Their very contest with the. soil made
them persistent, perhaps obstinate,
but certainly capable of conviction.
Religion was to them a vital force.
They imbued the purity of our moun-
tain streams and the strength of our
granite hills, and into them went the
best brain, the best muscle, and the
best bone that ever comprised the
making of a man. These men were
indeed poor and in their humble homes
were neither books nor works of art.
Instead, however, they knew the story
of the lives of the Prophets and the
Messiah and always lived under the
inspiration of the ever recurring, ever
varying glories of the purple sky, at
time of sunset, beyond the silver band
that the Merrimack makes.
A little more than a century and a
half had passed between the sailing
of the Pilgrims unto Provincetown
Harbor and the dismantling of Fort
William and Mary on the Piscataqua
in December, 1774, by a band of New
Hampshire soldiers under John Sulli-
van. The first drawing for propri-
etors' lots in Pembroke was in 1730,
and in 1748 the growth had been so
slow, though perhaps gradual, that in
the whole township there were not in
excess of forty families. How thor-
oughly, however, and how intelli-
gently these settlers had become
impregnated with the spirit of liberty,
and how independent this hard life
had made this community of home
builders, less than half a century re-
moved from a mere wilderness, is
seen in the almost perfect unanimity
with which the citizens of Pembroke
subscribed to the so-called "Asso-
ciation Test." In view of the dis-
loyalty which existed to some degree
throughout the colonies the Congress
in 1776 forwarded to the various
Committees of Safety a request that
all male inhabitants over twenty-one
years of age be made to sign a pledge
of loyalty to the cause of Independ-
ence. This request was forwarded to
the selectmen of Pembroke by M.
Weare, chairman of the Committee of
Safety. I invite your respectful atten-
tion to the language of this pledge: — ■
"In consequence of the above
resolution of the Hon. Continental
Congress and to show our determina-
tion in joining our American Brethren
in defending the Lives, Liberties and
Properties of the inhabitants of the
United Colonies, We, the subscribers,
do hereby solemnly engage and prom-
ise that we will, to the utmost of our
power, at the risque of our lives and
fortunes, with arms oppose the hostile
proceedings of the British fleets and
armies against the United American
Colonies." Let us remember that
had the cause failed to which these
men pledged their lives and fortunes,
it would have subjected every such
individual to the penalties of treason,
that is, a cruel and ignominious
death. In the face of that condition,
however, the selectmen returned the
pledge to the Honorable Committee
of Safety signed by all the male
inhabitants over twenty-one years of
age, except nine, four of whom, how-
ever, we later find bearing valiant
arms in the colonists' cause. It is
no wonder, then, that since 129 men
in Pembroke pledged all for freedom's
cause, we should find thirty of them
in one company challenging the cold
332
The Granite Monthly
and the snow in service on the north-
ern frontier and in Canada in the year
1776. We feel no surprise that two
of Stark's regiment wounded at
Bunker Hill were Pembroke men, and
that serving with these were seventeen
other Pembroke soldiers. Five Pem-
broke men served with Benedict
Arnold while he was still a patriot.
Pembroke men were at Crown Point
and Ticonderoga, and of men raised
to fill up three complete Continental
regiments in March, 1777, Pembroke
alone furnished 137 men. In the
famous regiment of Colonel McClary
we find the names of five Pembroke
soldiers, and in July, 1777, ten men
marched away from Pembroke with
others to be with the Northern Con-
tinental Army in the repulsion of
Baum at Bennington and the capture
of the army of Burgoyne at Saratoga.
These were followed by five others,
who, September 29, 1777, went from
Pembroke, marched 160 miles, joined
Gates at Saratoga, engaged in battle
there, were discharged the day after
Burgoyne's surrender and came home
again, all within thirty days.
So almost endlessly might mere
facts be stated of what Pembroke did
to make the great Declaration of
Independence a fact of national life;
but while time does not permit, I
must add that this little town, in
which not a permanent residence was
made until 1730, is credited with 170
fighting men in the War for Independ-
ence. A census taken by call of the
Provincial Congress and returned by
the Selectmen October 16, 1775, gives
Pembroke 744 population. One sol-
dier to less than every five of the
population including men, women,
and children, negroes and slaves for
life! Little wonder then that 129
years after the close of that war, we
honor the Pembroke Revolutionary
soldier.
In the War of 1812 the town voted
to pay all soldiers in active service
four dollars per month in addition to
what the government paid. Five
men engaged in active service during
the summer and fall of 1812, and of
the company, which in September of
the same year went to Portsmouth
for garrison duty, there were probably
thirty-six Pembroke men of whom
five were officers. Of officers and
men who served from this town in
1812, the full number seems to be
fifty-five. Our population in 1810
was 1153.
Fifty years ago you were engaged
in a great war to determine whether
this nation, or any nation, so con-
stituted could long endure. This is
not the place, nor have we the time,
nor I yet the ability, to suggest many
of the stirring scenes of that day.
But after the issue became as plain as
day, human slavery opposed to
human liberty, and the coming con-
flict in arms was recognized to be as in-
evitable as it was irrepressible, and the
first step in open secession had been
taken by the firing upon Fort Sumter,
and the President had called for
volunteers, then the best citizenship
of the North became its soldiery, and
with a spirit of self-sacrifice and
devotion to country such as has only
been equalled by the women of
Sparta, wives gave up their husbands,
mothers gave up their sons, maidens
gave up their lovers and with a bene-
diction sent them forth into a four-
year night of carnage, blood and
death !
The story of what these men did in
that war cannot be told. It is sug-
gested to us in the stone monuments
and markers on scores of Southern
battlefields, in the banners of war,
old, torn and frayed, and yet sacred
to the memory of men, who died
rather than see them in the dust.
In a nearer way that story is told by
the lives which we see, maimed and
broken, by the sleeves forever empty,
and in the hopeless mourning of
widows and orphans. In a better
way that story is told by a reunited
country, by a single flag, by the fact
that the significance of Mason's and
Dixon's line is broken down, and that
forever labor shall go no more forth
to unrequited toil.
I always find it a distinct struggle
Pembroke Soldiers' Monument 333
to gain any fair comprehension of the ern arms. But, more remarkable,
magnitude of this war, though I do notice this: our population was not
know that it called almost two million more than 325,000, but New Hamp-
of the men of the North into active shire sent 34,500 men into the field to
service; that it was carried on simul- fight for the preservation of the
taneously in fourteen different states; Union, — i. e., one fighting man out of
that it cost at times four million dol- every ten of its population, including
lars per day, and that there were men, women and children,
battles fought where there were The first bloody sacrifice of the
engaged, including both sides, al- Civil War was made April 19, 1861,
most as many men as made up the in Baltimore, Md., when two members
population- of the Granite State of of the Sixth Massachusetts regiment
that time, and where on each side as were killed by a mob. Hard on the
many men were lost as is today the heels of this regiment was the second
population of our Capital City. I New Hampshire, in which were four-
suppose the real magnitude of the teen Pembroke men.
war was never so well demonstrated I am particularly proud to relate
by any single event as by the grand the care this town took of the families
parade in Washington at the close of soldiers at the front. As early as
of the war, when, on the 23d and 24th June 8, 1861, the town voted three
of May, 1865, the armies of Meade dollars of necessary articles to each
and Sherman passed in review before resident who should enlist or become
the officers of the Administration, drafted into service, and a sum not
It was not the presence of the great exceeding $20 for his family. By vote
war captains, — Meade, Sherman, Cus- of the town September 14, 1861, this
ter, Miles, Howard, Logan, Buell, and aid was increased to a sum not to
Blair, — it was not the splendor of the exceed $12 per month. On August
ordnance and equipment, nor yet the 4, 1862, the sum of $150 was voted to
flags and banners of war that made each volunteer for nine months, and
this the mightiest pageant the country the sum of $200 as a bounty to each
ever saw, but rather it was the spec- three-year volunteer. Without sug-
tacle of the private soldiers, if you gesting all the various votes of the
please, who marched for six hours on town, the exigencies of the times
the one day and for seven on the other, became so great that by the vote of
sixty abreast, in cadence steps through August 27, 1864, to each inhabitant
the streets of the National Capital, of the town, mustered into actual
They who saw this parade on those service and answering certain quali-
days looked in astonishment, and fications, was granted a bounty of
asked, "has this war then been so great, $700.
have we sent so many men to this The population of Pembroke in
war, and were they men like these, 1860 was 1,313 and in April, 1863, the
stern, bronzed, powerful, irresistible?" selectmen made an enrollment of all
— for into men of this sort had devel- the white male citizens resident in
oped the bright-eyed, fresh-cheeked the town between the ages of eighteen
boys, who but a little while before and forty-five, not exempt from mili-
had left their Northern homes for the tary duty, and the list includes 179
rigors of civil strife. names. So far as can, with much
Let us first recall and remember care be ascertained, there went from
what, expressed in two facts, New Pembroke and were credited to Pem-
Hampshire did in that war. We broke in the Civil War, one hundred
were not a wealthy state, — a valua- and fifty-two fighting men. They
tion of $130,000,000, but New Hamp- had their part in the bloodiest battles
shire contributed $13,000,000, i. e., of the war, — Bull Run, Antietam,
one dollar of every ten of its resources Malvern Hill, Chancellorsville, Fred-
to defend the Republic against South- ericksburg, Gettysburg, Cold Harbor,
334
The Granite Monthly
the Mine Explosion, the Battle of the
Wilderness, and so on to Petersburg,
Richmond, and the end.
The average term of service of our
Pembroke soldier was one year, six
months, eighteen days; the longest
period of service was four years, six
months, eighteen days. The average
age was twenty-five years, two months
and nine days, the youngest being
sixteen years, and the oldest forty-
four years, of whom there were eight,
but, of these one hundred and fifty-
two men, fifty-three were not over
twenty-one years old. Nineteen men
rose from the ranks.
I have said that the average term
of service of these soldiers was one
year, six months, eighteen days.
This is as though one soldier should
fight without interruption for over
235 years. This, however, we should
remember, includes the services of ten
soldiers whose terms of service were
ended by death on the field of battle;
seven soldiers whose terms of service
were ended by dying from wounds
received on the field of battle; twelve
soldiers whose terms of service were
ended by death from disease, and this
figure includes the services of twenty-
two soldiers whose terms of service
were ended because discharged for se-
rious disability. Moreover, thirteen
men were wounded on the field of
battle and recovered.
If I should ever be asked to suggest
the greatest test of the loyalty and
moral courage of the soldier of the
Civil War, I should take my ques-
tioner, in imagination, to Anderson-
ville, Ga., and I would walk with
him up and down those soldiers'
graves, some 12,000 in number, and
we would go to the location of that
infamous stockade, where was con-
centrated suffering as intense and
unnecessary as at any spot on all the
surface of the earth, and then I would
suggest to my questioner that all
these men might have gone forth, had
they consented to turn their back
on the Stars and Stripes and swear
allegiance to the flag that the rebel
troops loved to follow. But they did
not do it and that, I should suggest,
was the spirit and mettle of the North-
ern soldier at his best. Of those who
endured this test at Andersonville,
there was one Pembroke soldier, who,
rather than be disloyal, rotted his
life away like a dog. One man also
died a prisoner at Salisbury, N. C.
Three other men were taken prisoners
but were apparently paroled.
Of the soldiers credited to Pembroke
there are now but eight living in town.
There are, of course, others elsewhere.
Altogether there are now living in
Pembroke twenty-two soldiers of the
Rebellion.
These, then, are some of the facts,
sketched in barest outline, concerning
the Pembroke soldier.
Many centuries ago, when civili-
zation was in the making, Rome was
mistress of the world, through which
for two thousand years flowed earth's
historic life, even as through it,
today, flows the tawny Tiber, fur-
nishing the stage on which consuls
and generals ' and statesmen and
emperors played their part, having
for an audience an astonished world.
In such an age, the Roman people
erected statues of their great men
along the Appian Way — the great
thoroughfare leading from the Eternal
City, and they led along this way their
armies when they went off to the
wars, and when they returned home
from conquest. It was a wise pro-
ceeding. The armies in this way
caught, by the constant suggestions
of these mute statues, something of
the exalted spirit of Rome's greatest
men.
This broad highway leading into
our Capital City is our Appian Way,
and with this heroic figure and its
simple but effective story, — its story
of duty done, of sufferings borne, of
sacrifices made, all courageously, all
intelligently, and always for a cause,
a principle, — we may challenge the
attention, indeed, the admiration of
the world.
To such men, as a tribute to such
character, we here and now, in sacred
memory dedicate this soldiers' monu-
Belknap Mountains
335
ment; but the only fair purpose of
such a deed, will have far failed unless
it helps us, even as they did, whom it
honors, to look from the fields of gold,
above and beyond to the snowy
heights of honor.
The investigation and recital of
these facts as to our Pembroke soldier
has made me very proud of my native
town. You are citizens of no mean city.
And when I think of all these men,
summoned from the shop, the farm,
the school, hardly arrived at man-
hood's first estate, responding to
every call to duty, whether it be the
sentry's lonely vigil through the
anxious night, or the charge by day to
almost certain death, making the
long marches footsore and with scanty
rations, dying by inches on battle-
fields and in hospitals, rotting to
death in Southern prisons, going down
to their graves, known or unknown in
a strange land, doing it all, not for
pay, but because held to their course
by a stern New England conscience
that a race might be free and a nation
live, then, I say, that a community
productive of such men, and creative
of such character, should not fail to
receive the honor and gratitude of
mankind.
BELKNAP MOUNTAINS
By Carrie E. Moore
The mistiness of heaven's blue
Falls on these mounts, upturned to God.
The morning's brightness, noonday's sun,
The moonlight's shadows, all accord
To make them fair and beautiful
For human eyes to look upon.
The spring's soft radiance, summer's heat,
The color artist of the fall,
These vie with winter, in attempt
To crown them with their beauties all.
Oh! nature's gifts to man are vast
To those whose eyes are taught to see.
And if it is the morning's light
We view upon the mountains blue,
There cannot be a fairer sight,
For each one seems created new.
For morning's light is light of love
Which beautifies where-e'er it falls.
And if it is the noonday's sun
Upon these mountain tops we see,
Each white face of the rocks will seem
Upturned to greet, while shadows flee.
336 The Granite Monthly
For noonday's light is light of strength,
And strength endures from age to age.
And when the moon's still radiant light
Comes down on each uplifted brow
With lines and curves of magic grace,
Our hearts in adoration bow.
For evening's light is light of peace,
Which comes to man and comes to bless.
AKIN TO BOTH
By Frank Monroe Beverly
Just fresh from the land where the white Shamrock grows,
Pat enter'd a crowded car,
But ne'er disconcerted, the son of Old Erin
Would brook not the prospect a bar.
One seat held an Englishman, haughty and proud,
Who'd turn up his nose to "greet" Pat;
The next held the dog of the choleric old blade,
Who said to himself, "Wat's 'e hat?"
For Pat had removed the canine from the seat —
Begorra, he'd take what he could;
The brute shouldn't sit while himself had to stand —
To stand like a tree in the wood.
The Englishman grew he all crimson of face,
And turned then his neck quite awry ;
But ne'er disconcerted, the son of Old Erin
Glanced he at the dog, with one eye.
"Begorra!" said Pat, "what a foine pup is he!
And what is his breed?— Oi'm O'Toole."
The Englishman turned with a satisfied air,
"Ty, yes, sir, 'e's Hirish hand fool."
But ne'er disconcerted, the son of Old Erin
Spake loud with an Irishman's oath,
"Bedad, sor, the spalpeen's a sorry poor brute-
He must be akin to us both."
OLD CONCORD AND MONADNOCK
By F. B. Sanborn
It is perhaps known, but not always
remembered, that of the twenty or
thirty Concords in the United States,
the very first one was what its resi-
dents have fondly called "Old Con-
cord," ever since 1775, when other
States began to name towns for the
scene of "the first organized resistance
to British aggression." This town on
its river of the same name, was so
called (by tradition) in honor of the
harmony and peace in which the stolid
Indians received the pious Puritans
from Bedford and Kent, who in 1635
came to plant farms by a stream as
slow as the Ouse, that ran, or rather
loitered, by the prison in which
Bunyan, a few years later, dreamed
out his immortal romance of a Chris-
tian life. This concord between the
red men and the white lasted, unbro-
ken, for some forty years, but was
shattered by the plot of King Philip;
yet in that interval the village got
its name established, and the good
old Parson Bulkeley, who gave it,
had gone to his grave, — exactly
where, no descendant knows, although
the small God's Acre near the old
garrison house (still a good habitable
dwelling) is known to hold his remains
somewhere in its literal acre. His
parsonage house long since fell to
ruin; but several houses, built before
Peter Bulkeley died in 1659, are, like
this enlarged garrison house, known
to date between 1650 and 1660.
Among them is the house where
Louisa Alcott wrote her "Little
Women" and several of her later
books; and where her father, Bronson
Alcott, composed several of the
volumes that he published between
1858, when he first occupied this
house, and October, 1877, when the
family left it for the more conven-
iently situated Thoreau-Alcott house,
near the Fitchburg railroad station
and the line of the electric cars, which
will carry the tourist to Cambridge
and Boston — or, in the other direc-
tion, to Marlboro, Worcester, and
farther, if you like. This Orchard
House was so named for the fine old
orchard, a century's growth, which
stood around it in 1857, when the
Alcotts came down from their brief
residence in the New Hampshire Wal-
pole on the Connecticut; and bought
Last Residence of the Poet, Charming
what had been for a hundred years
the abode of Senator Hoar's ancestors
before the Revolution; while the
Alcott family were settled in Con-
necticut, and intermarrying with
Trumbulls and Bronsons.
Mr. Alcott had a dozen years
earlier owned and remodeled the
"Wayside" house, which Hawthorne
bought in 1852, with thirty acres of
land, for SI, 500; but had returned to
Boston for a few years, while his
338
The Granite Monthly
elder daughters were beginning to
make their way in the little world of
Boston and its suburbs; and their
father was holding those Conversa-
tions in Boston, which for a few years
were a feature of life in that city, as
Margaret Fuller's conversations had
been, some years before that. But in
1846 Margaret had gone to England,
France and Italy, never to return
alive; and her pleasing sister Ellen,
had married Ellery Channing, and
come to make a home in Concord for
more than ten years. Her husband,
who long survived her (dying in 1901)
Strange fisherman! whose highest aim but soars
(With watery shoe unconscious of a leak)
To whirl the pickerel on the grassy bank!
But while our fisher dreams, — or greasy gunner,
Lank, with ebon locks, shies o'er the fences,
And down can crack the birds, — game-law forgot,
And still upon the outskirts of the town
A tawny tribe denudes the cranberry-bed, —
Wild life remains; we still can sign that Time
Is not all sold, like grains to the forestaller;
But still that we, even as the Indian did,
Clasp palm to Nature's palm, and pressure close
Deal with the infinite.
September Flowers.
O why so soon? most princely Golden-rod,
So soon appear? Why, yesterday, all Summer!
But now, — thy nodding plumes convert our hopes
The Pearly Everlasting, Near Walden
continued to live mostly in Concord;
and, like Emerson and Thoreau, to
describe or suggest its picturesque
scenery in verse. Two blank-verse
poems of his, "Near Home" in 1858,
and "The Wanderer" in 1872, con-
tained such Wordsworthian passages
as the following, as well as portraits in
verse of his friends, Alcott, Emerson,
Thoreau, and some younger associates :
Fisherman by the Musketaquid
Here, thing eternal, day begins not, ends not,
And the night stealing but half-ushered in
Steeps. in the trembling wave her pillowed stars.
Here but the solitary fisher comes, —
More like a weedy tuft than living man, —
And, half-concealed along the green copse-side,
Or on the shore, unmoving, calmly spread,
Mimics the maple stump and core of soil.
To Autumn, and endow the verdured lanes
With thy thrice-royal gold: yet like all wealth,
Thou hast a cold and hidden sorrow in thee.
Ye too, meek Asters, Violet's late friends,
Pale, tranquil constellations of the Fall,
That mark a decadence, — why do ye strew
Your fair amenities along the paths
Of these continuous woodlands? come so soon,
Ere half the flush of Summer's rosy hours
Had fit the faces of the August hills,
Decked the broad meadows with their base of grass.
Forced Indian corn to flint, — or ere the brood
Of the first April birds had changed their dress.
These lines, like his comrade Tho-
reau's prose, show that most intimate
familiarity with Nature which is
the distinguishing mark of the Con-
cord school. They are from "Near
Home"; but "The Wanderer" intro-
duces Monadnock, to which Channing
Old Concord and Monad nock
339
and Thoreau, following Emerson's
example, often went, — -and I some-
times with Channing, — -having learned
to admire the mountain from its
Peterborough side.
Life on Monadnock by Day and Night.
At morn and eve, at rise and hush of day,
I heard the wood-thrush sing on the white spruce,
In this sweet solitude, the Mountain's life;
Its living water, its enchanted air,
So mingling in their crystal clearness fresh,
A sweet peculiar grace from both, — her song,
Voice of the lovely Mountain's favorite tree!
In this upraised seclusion from the race,
Then search we out the mazy village roads,
I with Channing, sitting by our low
hut in the warm days of late Septem-
ber, 1869.
With this power of poetic or hu-
morous description intermingles in both
these poems a strain of ideal thought,
characteristic of most of the Concord
school of authors. Thus, in a con-
versation on Love (a favorite theme of
these authors), Channing, on Monad-
nock, replying to a demoiselle says, —
In this ideal love I see the life
Of some confiding soul, destined to soar
Beyond the vain realities of earth,
Worshipping forever a superior soul.
Conantum, with Monadnock in the Distance
Stealing from town to town, — a sweet response
Greeting our hearts where human feet have trod.
Poised in my airy pinnacle, I paint
(The darting swallow whirring swiftly by)
The zigzag coil of alders, a black thread
In serpentine progression of the stream
That plays its echoing flute-notes all the year.
Then village spire, and gleams of pine-clad lake,
And rippling river, playful in the sun;
A glance of human sunshine on the shore
Where Labor pulsates.
All these signs and more
That Earth from this divorce, — O far apart,
What time the dying orb, behind the range,
Gilds the Sierra; and on this the night,
Thrown from his Alpine shoulder, fills our souls.
Here are Jaffrey and Fitzwilliam,
and the peak at sunset forcibly pic-
tured, as he had seen them with
Thoreau and with Bessie Green, — and
Shall not that star to which I distant tend,
Pure in its crystalline seclusion set, —
Shall not that being, — ever to my thought
Utterly sacred, — some small grace impart?
Raise my dejected fortunes sunk so low?
I still forever feel the saint I love,
Never by me to be approached more near,
A distant vision lighting up my soul, —
Like Helen to her lover on the heights,
Or Beatrice shining through the cloud.
The distant view of Monadnock
seen from the foreground tree in this
picture, on the western slope of the
broad pastures of Conantum, was a
favorite spectacle for all these authors
except Hawthorne; who had more care
for human nature than for scenery.
In these pastures, as everywhere in
Old Concord, grows the "Pearly
340
The Granite Monthly
Everlasting," as in the next cut, where
it was skillfully photographed in
August by a disciple of Thoreau from
Allentown, Pa,, Mr. C. T. Ramsay;
whose care in posing his perpetual
sitter, Dame Nature, is equal to
that of Mr. Herbert Gleason, whose
numerous photographs of the haunts
of Thoreau, are otherwise the best
yet made. The place in this view is
what Mr. Ramsay calls "the immortal
shore of Lake Walden," — showing the
bowlders on its gravelly bank, amid
which the white flowers grow, but
no glimpse of the green water at
with their background of pines and
birches.
Retracing upward the course of this
river, . some halfway from Ball's Hill
to Conantum; and very near where
Henry Thoreau and his brother John
set out, in their home-made boat, for
New Concord and the White Moun-
tains in August, 1839, on that mem-
orable voyage down the Concord and
up the Merrimack rivers ; Mr. Ramsay
came to the last home of Ellery
Channing ; where for ten years, sitting
by his west window in the second
story, he watched the sunset, as he
Along the Concord River, near Brewster's Bungalow
its foot. Neither is the water of
the Concord River seen, stealing slowly
through the Great Meadows and
around Ball's Hill; where a naturalist,
Mr. William Brewster, has bought
150 acres of woodland along the dark
stream, for the main object of allowing
his favorite birds there to nest and
avoid the gunner just mentioned, who
"cracks down" the poor warblers,
either for sport or for the market.
In this Birds' Paradise, he has long
had a bungalow, which Mr. Ramsay
approached, as he says, "through
the aromatic sweet Pepperbush,"
and faithfully copied the blossoms
had watched it from the plateau of
Monadnock. There, too, he surveyed
the stream on which he had sailed or
floated so many hundred miles with
Thoreau or with Hawthorne, in that
same home-made boat which passed
from Thoreau to Hawthorne in 1843,
and from Hawthorne to Channing in
1845.
This was the sixth house in which
Channing had lived in Concord, since
that day in April, 1843, when he came
with his bride to the little red cottage
on the Cambridge Turnpike, some
thirty rods below Emerson's house and
garden. From there he moved to an
old house on what is now Massachu-
Old Concord and Monadnock
:i!l
setts Avenue (destined to run from
Boston to the New Hampshire border
in Townsend) ; thence to his "small
cottage on the lonely hill" Ponkatas-
sett,- — from which he set out for Italy
late in 1845; drawing his sea-trunk on
a handsled to the railroad station, and
calling at the Old Manse on his way,
to bid farewell to the learned Mrs.
Ripley, then residing there in lieu of
of the Hawthornes, with her husband
and children. Channing's next re-
move was to an old ante-Revolution-
ary house on the main street, where I
took lodgings with him in 1855, oppo-
site the then home of Henry Thoreau,
with whom I daily dined, and Chan-
ning frequently walked.
Years passed, as years always will;
Thoreau died in 1862, and Channing
sold his house and acre of garden, and
the boat-landing for Thoreau under his
willows; and in 1866 bought the large
building of the Concord Academy,
where the two Thoreau brothers had
once taught a private school, but
which had been made into a dwelling
of two tenements. In the westward one
of these Channing lived for twenty-
five years, leasing the other to forlorn
widows at a very small rent. There
my wife and I found him, amid his
4,000 books and 2,000 engravings and
paintings, ill and infirm, and the for-
lorn widows too infirm themselves to
care for him.
He consented to come to our roomy
house, then ten years old, to be nursed
and cared for, in September, 1891;
and there he remained till his death
at Christmas, 1901 ; writing occasional
verses almost up to his last Thanks-
giving day, some of which I included
in Ids "Poems of Sixty-Five Years,"
printed by two Philadelphia admirers
of his verses, a few months after his
death.
Old Concord has long since become
a Mecca for pilgrimages from all
parts of the world to the haunts and
graves of its authors. Since the
Orchard House was opened in May,
1912, 6,000 persons visited its memo-
rials of the Alcott family in its first six
months, — at the rate of a thousand
a month. They will continue to
come, more or less, through the winter
and spring, and probably the number
will not be less than 10,000 a year in
any coming year of this decade.
Louisa Alcott is now by far the most
widely read, in English, of all the
Concord authors, and even in trans-
lations in French and German she
must surpass any individual philos-
opher or poet of her town. In 1890
I found a good modern Greek version
of one of her stories for sale in Athens,
and carried it the next summer to her
niece and namesake, Louisa Nieriker,
in Zurich, who is now Mrs. Razim of
Vienna. The Orchard House is now
the property of the Concord Women's
Club, who have restored it and will keep
it open for visitors the year round.
The Hillside Chapel, where for ten
years the School of Philosophy held
sessions, is still the property of Mrs.
Lothrop (Margaret Sidney) and is
removed to her own estate, a few
rods northeast of the Orchard House.
A BENEDICTION
By Moses Gage Shirley
God give you peace, God give you rest
And noble thoughts within your breast,
And for His mercies, where you go
Each day, some act of kindness show.
ONLY A LOCK OF SILVER GREY
By L. J. H. Frost
Only a lock of silver-grey hair,
Carefully folded and lying there.
Once it adorned the beautiful brow
Of one who is peacefully sleeping now.
Long, long ago we laid her to rest,
With sweet flowers scattered over her breast; —
Under the willows a grave was made,
Into it gently our treasure we laid.
Only a lock of silver-grey hair,
From the wrinkled brow that once was so fair; — ■
From the brow of one whose worth was ne'er told,
Whose loving heart could never grow old.
Oh, that silver lock doth volumes tell,
Of the mother dear whom we loved so well;
May we meet her again by the crystal sea,
Where souls from all grief are evermore free.
TIME'S QUESTION
By Frances M. Pray
Another day is drawing to its close.
Is it with joyous, tired feet we tread
And pass the threshold o'er
That leads us to the dark of night once more,
The unknown dark, and a well-earned repose?
Another year is coming to its end.
Have we each care and duty squarely met,
That when we backward look
And see their record, as within a book,
Say truthfully, "I tried my part to lend."
Some day our life here on the earth will cease.
Can we, clear-eyed, look toward the unknown goal,
Nor care if through the gate
That leads us there, our feet step soon or late,
Our footsteps firm, our hearts in quiet peace?
Bristol, N. H.
AN AUTUMN RAMBLE
Among the Granite Hills of New Hampshire and by the
Lakes of Maine
By Francis H. Goodall
In August, 1854, we had the rare Bretton Woods to Crawford Notch,
pleasure of a tram]) from Littleton, passing the beautiful Wild Ammo-
N. H., through Bethlehem to the noosuc Falls, and back via Bethlehem,
Crawford Notch, and then over the Littleton, Lisbon and Bath. We
old Crawford Bridle Path and Presi- found this a much more expeditious
dential Range to the top of Mount means of transit than our foot tramp
Washington (6293 feet); stayed there of 1854, the most surprising part
over night, and in coming down the being the way the auto took the hills
trail the next morning we had the without losing speed,
good fortune to witness a thunder After taking several more trips we
storm raging below us in the great left Bath, N. H., and passed down
ravines, with lightning and rain, through the Wild Crawford Notch
while we were suspended in the by the site of the old Willey House,
atmosphere, as it were, above it, destroyed in 1828, to Bartlett, Inter-
where it was cold and clear with a vale, Mount Kiarsarge, the beautiful
high wind. It certainly was a grand Conway meadows along the Saco
sight, which could not be forgotten. River, to Lake Sebago and the Dyke
At that time the Millerites had Mountain Farm in the town of
arranged to have the world come to Sebago, Me., which rests on a spur
an end, having on their white robes of the Saddleback Mountain, 1100
as we passed through Bethlehem, feet above sea level. Here you will
and we were urged to give up our find most beautiful scenery, walks
intended stroll to Mount Washington, and drives, with numerous lakes and
and to go higher to the celestial ponds, good fishing and all kinds of
regions with the white-robed throng, berries and a very good table. There
We politely informed them that we are people there from Portland, Bos-
would see them when we returned ton, New York, Philadelphia, and
two or three clays later, which we Washington, D. C.
did, much to their chagrin. One nice excursion is via a little
In September, 1912, we decided steamer through Lake Sebago, four-
to renew our youth and to revisit teen miles, to the Songo River and
our old home in northern New Hamp- Long Lake, fifteen miles more; then
shire. The house was built in 1816, to Bridgton by coach to the narrow
when the workmen had to stop laying gauge railroad and back to starting
the brick in July, as it was so cold the point — -all for $2.15, an all day trip,
mortar wouldn't set; and it is said On the lake excursion, we passed
there were frosts every month of that Frye's Island, where old Captain
year, so that the crops did not Frye is said to have leaped ninety
mature, and people suffered great feet from a rocky cliff to escape from
hardships. the Indians, and then swam the
We took the Federal Express from channel to an island, where he
Washington, D. C, for Boston at remained the rest of his days. Other
5.35 p. m. and reached our destination excursions to Hiram Falls, Mount
the next afternoon at 2.50 o'clock. Pleasant and Peabody Lake are very
The next day a friend loaned us his delightful.
Pope's auto, and we took a ninety We lived in a tent like the old
mile ride to Lisbon, Sugar Hill, patriarchs and fcTund it very exhila-
Franconia, Echo Lake, the Old Man rating; except one night when we had
of the Mountain, the Flume through a hard storm, with a high wind, when
344
The Granite Monthly
things got to be quite exciting. We
dressed, lighted our lantern, and got
all ready to vacate, if necessary; but
our canvas house remained true and
steadfast, like a good "standpatter."
To celebrate a special event in our
early life, we started September 16, by
rail for the top of Mount Washington ;
stayed at Bartlett over night, and at
10 o'clock next morning we were on
our way to the top of Mount Wash-
ington with two hundred thirty others.
The day was charming. We were
out on the front platform, where we
had an unobstructed view of the
whole route. Wnen we reached the
Half-Way House, we saw long icicles
hanging from the water tanks, and
when we reached the top of the
mountain, the wind was blowing just
an ordinary breeze of thirty miles an
hour. It was a fine clear day and
the autumn foliage was very gorgeous.
It is hardly possible in a brief
article like this to enumerate all that
can be seen on this trip. Very soon
after leaving Fabyan the whole Presi-
dential Range comes into sight. The
road from Fabyan to the base of the
mountain runs near the banks of the
Ammonoosuc River and ascends a
steep grade.
After taking the Mount Washington
train at the Base, for a time the ascent
is through the thick woods. As the
train proceeds, the character of the
forests and vegetation changes and
only the hardier varieties of trees
are seen. These gradually disappear
until finally a point is reached where
but little, if any, vegetation is found.
The view of the surrounding country,
at first limited by the trees and
neighboring mountains and hills, be-
comes more and more extended until
finally at the Summit the traveler
finds himself higher even than the
clouds, and overlooking hundreds of
mountains, hills, lakes and streams.
You may trace the lines of the rail-
roads in the valleys, and the slowly
moving line of smoke will disclose the
localities of trains. .
A short distance from the Summit
is the Lake of the Clouds, quite a body
of water, and in which the Ammonoo-
suc River has its source.
Tuckerman's Ravine can be seen
from a point a short distance from the
Summit, and in this deep ravine is
left each year an arch formed of snow
and which remains until sufficiently
melted to fall, this generally occurring
late in the summer.
From the Summit you may look
across New Hampshire and Vermont
to the Adirondack Mountains in New
York; to Owl's Head at Lake Mem-
phremagog in Vermont and Canada;
Killington Peaks, Mount Mansfield,
Camel's Hump, Jay Peaks, of the
Green Mountains in Vermont ; Mount
Monadnock near the Massachusetts
line; Mount Beloeil in Canada.
You may see the Atlantic Ocean,
and the seacoast cities of Portland in
Maine, and Portsmouth in New Hamp-
shire.
Seventy-four sheets of water can
be seen, and among them Sebago
Lake, in Maine; Umbagog Lake, on
the line between Maine and New
Hampshire and Lake Winnipesaukee,
in New Hampshire; the Connecticut,
Ammonoosuc, Androscoggin and Saco
Rivers.
You may bee the Fabyan, Mount
Pleasant, the Mount Washington and
Maplewood Houses; the villages of
Bethlehem, Jefferson, Twin Mountain,
Lancaster, Whitefield, Littleton, Sugar
Hill, Franconia, North Conway and
Intervale, and the cities of Laconia
and Berlin.
The brakeman informed us that
forty deer herded last year near the
Half-Way House, and a five hundred
pound bear was shot in Bretton
Woods recently. We stayed over
night at the foot of Mount Washing-
ton. Next morning at 8 o'clock we
started on our tramp through Craw-
ford Notch to Bartlett, a distance of
nineteen and one-half miles, where
we found the wildest kind of scenery
all shut in by great mountains, wild
ravines and beautiful streams. We
lunched on the site of the old Willey
House, where we found a fine spring
and some beautiful blue harebells.
A Requiem
345
We arrived at Bartletl at 6 p. m.,
stayed there over night and con-
tinued our tramp to Jackson the next
day, passing the famed Goodrich
Falls on route. At Jackson we saw
many beautiful summer residences
with fine hedges of Cherokee roses,
also hedges of barberry intertwined
with woodbine. Two of the largest
and most attractive places were
General Wentworth's and Oliver Dit-
son Jr.'s. The Jackson Falls tum-
bling over the rocks for more than a
quarter of a mile lent an added charm
to the place. There are many good
hotels and boarding houses there,
as it is one of the most celebrated
places for fine scenery and a central
point for many day excursions.
We then continued our stroll to
Intervale on the Saco River, where
we had one of the best views of
Kiarsarge Mountain with the house
on the top of its conical peak. We
then took the train back to the Dyke
Mountain Farm well satisfied with
our wild tramp, feeling, as Goethe
has so well said:
"Far, high, splendid the view.
Around into life!
From mountain to mountain
Soars the eternal spirit,
Presaging endless life."
A REQUIEM FOR A DOG— DON
Killed by a Speeding Automobile
By Clark B. Cochrane
Where loving hands have made thy grave
Sweet be thy slumber and thy sleep;
Above thee let the wild flowers wave
And soft the tender raindrops weep.
In tears I bid a long adieu,
Dear comrade of my lonely days;
Thine was the whitest soul I knew
Along life's common beaten ways.
And you were more to me than men
Who in the limelight pray for grace,
But stab in secret, and again
Walk heavenward with averted face.
Men waver, falter, cheat and lie,
But thou did'st never fail a friend ;
Men fail when fortune passes by
J3ut you were faithful to the end.
Wise Pagans did of old predict
Our dogs to Heaven would follow us,
And Jesus loved the dogs that licked
The bleeding sores of Lazarus.
346 The Granite Monthly
If love is God then love will live,
If God is love it cannot die,
But, passing on, will wait to give
Itself again with joyous cry,
When we, who on life's drifting sand
Wait calmly for the final pause,
Shall reach the unencumbered land
Where all love is that ever was.
0 friends beyond! Advanced, not lost,
With joy enlarging more and more;
And one, because he loved me most,
Will greet me first on that glad shore.
Still, something would our pleasure mar,
A sense of justice unfulfilled,
Else we beheld from that fair star
The star where heedless fools are grilled !
Where Satan guards the realm of Fate **
And sets his fearful grids a-row
We might complacent view his state
Who struck for thee the fatal blow.
Aye, where the slow years ceaseless roll,
And time no respite hath of night
Nor day for a beleaugered soul
To mark the stages of its flight!
Beyond the reach of Christ's dear grace
Cries for the beggar's touch were vain;
No dog could cross that awful space
To lap the twinges of his pain.
TRUE
By Stewart Everett Rowe
As through this world I wend my winding way,
And many different people chance to meet,
I look at them as we each other greet
And try to guess just what their features say.
I see the faces and the lines that play
Across their surface and they tell me true
Just what that person through his life may do
And how he'll be remembered when he's clay.
Not long ago I met you, and your face «
Tells me for sure that you are good and true:
I know where'er you are you'll fill your place
And that you'll always strive the right to do.
I feel that when death comes to end life's race
With God you'll surely dwell beyond the blue.
SOME NEW HAMPSHIRE DUSTONS
By Edwin M. Currier
Many of the puzzles encountered who married at Beverley, Mass.,
by the genealogist, or local historian, November 29, 1739, Mrs. Lydia Ray-
arise from the duplication of Christian mond [Beverley Record]. We find
names with a given surname; and thus no other Timothy of marriageable age
occasion many errors in our printed at that time. It seems reasonable
family histories. A noteworthy case that three of the Dustons before
in point occurs in the histories of mentioned, namely, William, said to
Francestown and Claremont. Six in- have been born 1740, Eliphalet,
dividuals of the name of Duston set- born 1750 and Zacheus, born 1751,
tied in these towns and in Weare, were sons of this couple; but where
namely: Paul, William, Eliphalet, born is not known. As to the twins,
Zacheus, Thomas and Timothy, the Thomas and Timothy, the writer is
last two being twins, and all said to convinced that they were not brothers
be sons of a Timothy Duston. of the other three, but their cousins,
Naturally the historian of Frances- and sons of John Duston (son of
town, and others, imperfectly ac- Nathaniel) and his wife, Mercy Morse,
quainted with the genealogy of the born in Plaistow April 9, 1745. While
Duston family, assumed the father, children, they went with their father,
Timothy, to have been the son of John, to Groton, Mass., where he
Thomas and Hannah of the Indian died. While in Groton, the twin,
raid. An inspection of the Haverhill Timothy, married Eunice Nutting,
(Mass.) records, reveals the following and their first child, Abel, was born
facts : there, eight more being born in Clare-
Timothy, the son of Thomas and mont, where Timothy and his twin
Hannah (Emerson) Duston, born brother, Thomas, settled. On one
1694, married 1718, Sarah Johnson, occasion, as the Claremont record
who died, 1735. They had six chil- informs us, " a town meeting was held
dren recorded in Haverhill, namely: in Messrs. Thomas and Timothy
Samuel born 1719, Paul born 1721, Duston'sbarn."
John born 1724, Lydia born 1726, Monuments and boulders have been
Sarah born 1728, and James born placed on some of those localities that
1734. The second son, Paul, settled are associated with the history and
in Weare, and was one of the six exploits of Thomas and Hannah
Dustons first mentioned. It is not Duston. But it would seem to be
likely that Timothy married again, high time that a memorial of another
for the record says " Timothy, husband sort whould be erected to their names,
of Sarah Johnson, died after 1733." There should be published a family
In fact, he may have died about 1740 history of the Dustons, commencing
or 41, as in the latter year, his oldest with the ancestry of Thomas and
son, Samuel, was granted a letter of Hannah, so far as known; and com-
administration on his father's estate, prising the latest of the descendants,
In the probate papers, all of Timothy's in both male and female lines as far
children, as recorded in Haverhill, are as can be ascertained. They had
mentioned by name, and no others. nine children who lived to have fam-
Who, then, was the father of the ilies; and over sixty grandchildren,
other five Dustons, first mentioned in Down to the present time, a fairly
this article? Nathaniel Duston, the complete record, would comprise
son of Thomas and Hannah, had a many thousand descendants of the
son Timothy, born Haverhill, 1716, celebrated pair,
and he must have been the Timothy Dracut, Mass.
SAMUEL HIDDEN WENTWORTH
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
SAMUEL H, WENTWORTH
Samuel Hidden Wentworth, one of Bos-
ton's oldest practicing lawyers, a native of
the town of Sandwich, born July 16, 1834,
died at Hotel Bowdoin in Boston November
10, 1912.
He was a member of one of New Hamp-
shire's most noted families, which furnished
the province three colonial governors in ante-
Revolution days, a son of Paul Wentworth, a
prominent merchant of Dover and Sandwich
and a political leader in his time, and a direct
descendant of Elder John Wentworth, con-
spicuous in the early religious history of
Dover. Among this brothers were Col.
Joseph Wentworth, late of Concord, and the
famous "Long John" Wentworth of Chicago,
once Mayor of the city, representative in
Congress and eminent as a lawyer.
He attended Appleton Academy at New
Ipswich and graduated from Harvard College
in the class of 1858, and from Harvard Law
School in 1861, commencing practice on the
first of January following, in the old Joy
Building on Washington Street, Boston, and
continued on the same site for more than
fifty years, except for a period of about
eleven months, about 1880, when the Joy
Building was torn down and replaced by the
Rogers Building, into which he moved upon
its completion. He was a general practi-
tioner, but gave more attention to probate
practice than any other branch of the law, and
was widely trusted on account of his care
and thoroughness.
Politically Mr. Went worth was an old-
school Democrat, and had served upon the
ward and city committees of his party, and
in the State legislature as a representative in
1877 and 1878. He was also at one time a
member of the Boston School Committee,
and served for three years as a chairman of
the Mayhew district committee. He had
been for forty years a member of the New
England Historic-Genealogical Society, act-
ing several years as its secretary. He was a
great lover of music, and a skilful organist,
having presided at the organ in the college
church in his undergraduate days, and served
for some time as musical and dramatic critic,
for Boston newspapers.
He retained a strong love for his native
state, and passed his summer vacations for
many years in the White Mountain region,
Thayer's Hotel at Littleton being his favorite
resort.
He had made his home, being unmarried,
during most of his life in Boston, at the
Revere House, where he was quartered at the
time of the fire in that hostelry, a year ago or
more, when he received a severe nervous
shock from which he never fully recovered,
though he was out and attending to business
not long after, removing to the Hotel Bowdoin
for his abiding place.
By faithful attention to business, industry
and frugality, Mr. Wentworth had accumu-
lated a considerable fortune, and by his will
made numerous handsome benefactions,
the most important being a gift of $17,000
to his native town, for a public library, giving
also, his own private library to such institu-
tion. He also leaves $9,000 to Dartmouth
College to found three scholarships for deserv-
ing students. The South Congregational
Church of Concord, the Congregational
Church, the public library and Appleton
Academy at New Ipswich, the New Hamp-
ton Literary Institution and Phillips Exeter
Academy each are also given $1,000 by his
will.
HON. FRANK C. CHURCHILL
Frank Carroll Churchill, born in West
Fairlee, Vt., August 2, 1850, died at his home
in Lebanon, November 5, 1912.
Colonel Churchill came of Puritan ancestry,
and was the son of Benjamin P. and Susanna
(Thompson) Churchill. He was educated in
the public schools and at Thetford, Vt.,
Academy. He engaged in teaching for a
time, in youth, and commenced business life
as a clerk in the general store of D. C. Church-
ill & Co., at Lyme, going thence into the
employ of H. W. Carter, wholesale merchant
at Lebanon, where his home has been since
1850. In 1877, with Col. W. S. Carter, he
organized the firm of Carter & Churchill,
manufacturers, with which he was actively
identified for 21 years, doing an extensive
business.
Politically he was an active Republican,
serving for ten years as chairman of the
Republican town committee of Lebanon, and
of the Republican state committee in 1890
and 1891. He served on the staff of Gov. Natt
Head in 1879 and 1880, with the rank of
Colonel; was chairman of the New Hamp-
shire delegation in the Republican National
Convention which nominated Benjamin Har-
rison for the presidency, and represented the
Fourth District in the Executive Council in
1889-90, during the administration of Gov.
David H. Goodell. He was also a representa-
tive from Lebanon in the Legislature of 1891-2,
and was active in securing the establishment
of a third judicial distrid in Grafton County
with the court sessions at Lebanon.
In 1899 Colonel Churchill was appointed
revenue inspector for the Cherokee Nation of
Indians, in Indian Territory, now Oklahoma,
and, later, served as a special agent for the
Interior Department to formulate a public
school system in the territory, where all the
land, outside the towns, was non-taxable,
performing his duty to the general satisfac-
tion. Still later he served as a special agent
of the government in Alaska, and in 1905,
was reappointed Indian Inspector, relin-
quishing the work, four years later, on account
350
The Granite Monthly
of failing health, since when he has remained
at home, in comparative quiet, though still
actively interested in the affairs of the town.
He was a director of the National Bank of
Lebanon and president of the Mascoma Sav-
ings Bank. He was an organizer, and long
president of the Mascoma Fire Insurance
Co. He was chairman of the board of edu-
cation in the Lebanon High School district;
moderator of the Congregational parish of
Lebanon and also town moderator, and to
the excitement and anxiety incident to his
duties in the latter position his sudden death,
on the evening of the day of election, is
attributed. He was a member of the Lang-
don Club of Lebanon, the Amoskeag Veterans,
the N. H. Historical Society and the N. H.
Society, Sons of the American Revolution.
He was also prominent and active in the
Masonic order.
Colonel Churchill married] June 11, 1874,
Miss Clara G. Turner, who has been his faith-
ful life companion and survives to mourn his
loss, in which she has the sympathy of his
countless friends.
REV. JOSEPH E. ROBINS, D.D.
Rev. Joseph E. Robins, born in Littleton,
December 9, 1843, died at Wolfeboro, Octo-
ber 15, 1912.
He was the son of Douglas Robins, a
thrifty farmer and prominent citizen of Little-
ton, was educated at Newbury, Vt., Seminary
and Wesleyan University, at Middletown,
Conn., graduating from the latter in 1868 and
entered the Methodist ministry, after short
terms of service upon the faculties of Tilton
Seminary and Drew's Ladies' College at
Cornell, N. Y. He was connected with the
New Hampshire Conference and held many
of its best appointments, his last being at
Peterborough, which he was compelled to re-
linquish on account of broken health. He
served one term as a presiding elder of the
Dover District some years since, and was
known as one of the most forceful preachers
in the Conference. He was particularly well
and favorably known in Concord, where he
held a pastorate for several years, and had
served two terms as chaplain of the legislature
— in 1899 and 1907. Norwich University
conferred on him the degree of D.D. some
years since.
He was long conspicuous in Masonry, and
had been many years Chaplain of the Grand
Lodge, Grand Council and Grand Command-
ery. He was made a life member of the
Grand Lodge in May, 1911. He was also
a member of the foreign correspondence
committees of the Grand Council and Grand
Commandery.
He is survived by a widow, who was Miss
Margaret Harris, daughter of Rev. and Mrs.
Winthrop Bailey of Rocky Hill, N. J., two
sons, Joseph W. of Wolfeboro, and George,
a teacher in New York, ana a daughter
Marguerite.
CHARLES F. EASTMAN
Charles Franklin [Eastman, long a prom-
inent citizen of Littleton, died at his home
on Main Street in that town October 15, 1912.
He was the son of the late Col. Cyrus and
Susan (Tilton) Eastman, born in Littleton,
October 1, 1841, and educated at the public
schools, Kimball Union Academy, Meriden,
and the Eastman Business College at Pough-
keepsie, N. Y., and in early manhood became a
partner in the prominent mercantile firm of
Eastman, • Tilton & Co., subsequently C. &
C. F. Eastman, in which he continued till
1882. Subsequently he became interested
in banking, becoming a director in the Little-
ton National Bank, in 1882, and succeeding
the late Judge George A. Bingham as presi-
dent of the Littleton Savings Bank upon the
death of the latter some seventeen years ago.
He had also been long associated with the
Profile House at Franconia being a large
stockholder, director and treasurer of the
corporation nearly up to the time of his death.
Mr. Eastman was politically a Democrat.
He served as town auditor, highway com-
missioner, many years as a member and some
time as treasurer of the board of education in
Union District, several years as selectman
and as a representative in the legislature of
1893-4. He was a trustee of the public
library, and a member of the building com-
mittee which erected Littleton's elegant
and commodious Carnegie library building.
He was also a member of the commission
which located and built the state highway,
from the Profile House to Twin Mountain.
He was a prominent member of the Masonic
order, active in Lodge, Council, Commandery
and Temple, and had received the 32d degree
in Scottish Rite Masonry.
He was twice married, first, September 15,
1875, to Miss Mary Ida, daughter of the late
Richard Taft, the original proprietor of the
Profile House, who died in 1887, and sub-
sequently to Miss Mary B. Colby, who died
in 1899. He is survived by a son and daughter
by the first wife — Richard Taft and Ida
Taft Eastman. The son was a delegate in
the recent Constitutional Convention from
Littleton.
FRANK P. HUNTLEY
Frank Pierce Huntlejr, long a prominent
citizen of Claremont died in that town,
October 16. He was a native of Stoddard,
the son of Ezra B. and Jane (Towne) Huntley,
born November 10, 1852. His parents
removed to Marlow, where he resided in youth,
was later in business in Alstead, and removed
to Claremont in 1881, where he was long
extensively engaged in the livery business,
and subsequently, for a time in a hotel.
Politically he was an active Democrat, and
his popularity is attested by the fact that he
was several times chosen a selectman in the
strong Republican town of Claremont, and
New Hampshire Necrology
351
twice a representative in the legislature. He
had been three times married, his last wife
surviving.
HON. F. TILTOX FRENCH
F. Tilton French, a leading citizen of East
Kingston, born in that town September 2,
1835, died November 13, 1912. He was the
son of Enoch S. and Pamelia T. (Tilton)
French, and had long been a partner of the
late George W. Sanborn in the meat and
cattle business, subsequently conducting the
business alone for several years. He was an
active Republican and had served as town
clerk, selectman, representative and State
Senator. He is survived by a wife and
daughter.
HERBERT FOLSOM
Herbert Folsom, a native of the town of
Newmarket, born October 22, 1850, died at
Amarillo, Texas, October 3, 1912.
He was a son of the late Dr. William Fol-
som of Newmarket and a brother of the
Hon. Channing Folsom, late State Superin-
tendent of Public Instruction.
He went to Texas for his health a dozen
years ago or more, after long residence in
Kansas, and had been extensively and suc-
cessfully engaged in Agriculture. He was a
man of strong mind, literary attainments,
brilliant conversational powers, and had a
host of friends. He left three children —
Mrs. Kate Clark of Lawrence, Kansas,
Channing of the Kansas City Star, and Arthur,
who lived with his father.
HON. JOHN C. BARTLETT
Hon. John P. Bartlett, a leading lawyer of
Manchester, long prominent in Democratic
politics, died suddenly, at his home in that
city, Monday evening, November 18, from
apoplexy.
Judge Bartlett was a native of the town of
Weare, son of John and Lurena Bartlett, born
February 4, 1841. His preliminary educa-
tion was obtained in the common schools at
Weare and in the academies at Francestown,
Deering, Meriden and Mont Vernon, when
having fitted for college, he entered Dart-
mouth, graduating with the class of '64. He
then entered the office of Morrison, Stanley
& Clark, at Manchester, as a student at law
and was admitted to the bar in February,
1867. He went to Omaha, Neb., and in
March, 1868, was appointed United States
commissioner for Dakota territory with head-
quarters at Cheyenne City. He returned
to Omaha in October of that year and was
elected city solicitor, serving for two years. He
was then elected as alderman and served his
term. In November, 1874, he returned to
Manchester and was elected city solicitor in
April, 1875, and was appointed police judge
of Manchester in June of that year, in which
capacity he served until August, 1876, since
which time he had been engaged in the prac-
tice of his profession, in which he attained
high rank, as he also did a commanding posi-
tion in the Democratic party to which he
was always devotedly attached, serving six
years as chairman of the Manchester Demo-
cratic city committee and four years as chair-
man of the state committee. He was also
for two years president of the Granite State
Club, a Democratic organization, formed in
his office. He was chosen a member of the
State Senate for the legislature of 1895, and,
four years later, was a member of the House
from Ward 8, Manchester, taking an active
part in the work of both sessions.
The Southern New Hampshire Bar asso-
ciation was started on his motion and he
served as chairman of the executive committee
of this organization for three years.
He was made a Mason in Omaha and had
served as master of Washington lodge here
for two years and had been a member of the
grand lodge for the past twelve years. He
was a member of the Manchester lodge of
Elks and held the office of judge advocate
in the Amoskeag Veterans for some time.
He married in 1866 Miss Fannie M. Har-
rington, who departed this life in 1887. They
had no children. In 1888 he married the
second time, taking for his partner Mrs. Liz-
zie A. Crosby.
ARTHUR H. WHITCOMB
Arthur H. Whitcomb, long head of the
Whitcomb Manufacturing Company, at West
Swanzev, and a native of that town, born
March 5, 1865, died November 12, 1912, at
187 Huntington Avenue, Boston, where he
had lived since his retirement from business
in Swanzey two years ago, to engage in the
lumber business and real estate operations in
the latter city. He is survived by a wife and
one son.
SENECA B. CONGDON
Seneca B. Congdon, the oldest citizen of
Lancaster, died at his home in that town
October 7, 1912, aged 90 years.
He was born in Pomfret, Conn., August
19, 1822. In 1849 he married Miss Hannah
Day Buck. In 1856 the family removed to
Lancaster, where has since been their home.
He was a carpenter and builder by trade and
erected many buildings in Lancaster in the
course of his life, though he retired from active
labor some years since. He was the oldest
member of the Congregational Church of
Lancaster, and the first clerk of the society,
holding the office from 1876 to 1896. He was
a Republican for many years and was elected
a Representative by that party in 1872 and
1873, but has been a Prohibitionist for a
number of years past. His wife died in March
of last year, and of their ten children all but
one survived.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
While probably no surprise to the people
generally, the result of the recent election
effects a decided change in the political
situation. For the first time since 1852 — a
period of sixty years — the Democratic party
finds itself with a popular plurality in the
State, controlling its electoral vote for Presi-
dent and Vice President. It also cast a
decided plurality of the votes for Governor,
while at the same time the people voted to
adopt the constitutional amendment pro-
viding that a plurality shall elect in all cases.
Whether or not the amendment goes into
effect so as to cover the present election is a
question upon which there may be an honest
difference of opinion, but which will be
decided by the incoming legislature when it
comes, in joint convention, to canvass the
returns of the votes for Governor and Coun-
cilors and declare the result. It may, or may
not, as it pleases, submit the question to the
Supreme Court for an opinion upon this
point, and having secured such opinion, may
or may not be governed thereby, as it chooses.
Meanwhile the control of the legislature, itself,
is in dispute. Ten Republicans and ten
Democrats have been elected to the Senate,
with no choice in four districts, while the
House is claimed by both parties, the Repub-
licans claiming all the"Progressives, "variously
estimated at from 20 to 45, while the Demo-
crats claim that the latter will act with them.
Nothing but the ballot for Speaker of the
House will determine the actual status. For
this office the Republicans have three candi-
dates already in the field — Edward H. Mason
of Nashua, Charles A. Perkins of Manchester
and E. Percy Stoddard of Portsmouth. Dr.
Charles A. Morse of Newmarket aspires to
the Democratic nomination; while there is a
very strong sentiment in many quarters
favorable to the selection of William J.
Ahern of Concord, one of the most capable
and experienced legislators in the state.
Interest in the final outcome of the Novem-
ber election in this state, so far as the organi-
zation of the legislature, the control of the
state governn 3nt and the election of a suc-
cessor to Hon. Henry E. Burnham in the
United States Senate, are concerned, will con-
tinue most acute until the legislature meets,
on the first week in January and the situation
is cleared up by positive action. Until then
speculation will be rife and all sorts of claims
and predictions will be put forth. As is
generally understood and believed, neither
of the two leading parties has chosen a major-
ity in the House. One hundred and ninety
seven members elect are conceded to the
Democrats, and the Republicans claim all
the rest of the 405 men making up the mem-
bership of that body. A few of these were
nominated as "Progressives," and quite a
number more nominated as Republicans at
the September primary, before the Progressive
party had decided to make any nominations,
are claimed as Progressives by the state organ-
ization of that party. In fact it is claimed
that there are some forty-five men in all who
will stand together and act independently
when the time for action comes. What the
outcome will be no man knows, positively,
and no man can know. It is measurabjy
certain, however, that nothing can be accom-
plished without some arrangement or under-
standing between those representing one of
the old parties, and the new party men, or
so-called Progressives. What sort of an ar-
rangement, if any, that will be remains to be
seen. Meanwhile the very deep general in-
terest that prevails is accompanied by very
great anxiety on the part of quite a number of
aspirants for official positions in the different
parties.
Recent developments, including the dis-
continuance of work in the Grand Trunk's
projected Southern New England fines in
Massachusetts and Rhode Island, the with-
drawal of the Boston & Maine's petition for
a charter for the proposed line from Claremont
to White River Junction, and the announce-
ment that negotiations are pending for a
traffic agreement between the two roads,
lead to the inevitable conclusion that the
proposed Grand Trunk extension through
this state has been abandoned, if it was ever
seriously contemplated. This will be a deep
disappointment to many people — not only
in the city of Boston, who had been hoping
for the benefits of railway competition, but
for the people in that section of New Hamp-
shire, now without railway facilities, which it
was expected the projected line would traverse.
HON. HENRY B. QUINBY
The Granite Monthly
Vol. XLIV, No. 12 DECEMBER, 1912 New Series, Vol. 7, No. 12
LEADERS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
Henry B. Quinby
By H. C. Pearson
In many lines of worthy endeavor At the memorable session of 1887
and substantial achievement Henry Colonel Quinby made his entry upon
Brewer Quinby holds high rank among legislative life as a member of the
the leaders of New Hampshire. To House of Representatives and at once
consider them all, even in brief, would established his position as a man who
extend unduly the limits of this knew just where he stood upon the
article. fiercely fought questions of that day
But they can be well summarized and was able and willing to state his
in connection with, and leading up to, beliefs in clear, forceful, convincing
his period of greatest service, thus far, English.
to the state, his occupancy in the Frequent practice and wide experi-
years 1909 and 1910 of the office of rience have added to Governor
Governor, during which as chief ex- Quinby's ability and reputation as an
ecutive of the commonwealth he was orator since that time. But it was
the leader, in name as well as in fact, evident then that the natural gift of
of New Hampshire. eloquence, the want of which no
No governor ever took the oath of training can quite supply, was his
office at Concord with a more thor- from the first.
ough understanding of the duties of His record in the House was such
the responsible position or a better as to ensure his prompt promotion to
equipment for fulfilling them. the higher branch of the Legislature,
In the first place Governor Quinby and the session of 1889 found him a
had seen prior service in all grades of prominent member of the State Sen-
public life and of the state government, ate, where he fought valiantly for
His interest in politics was inborn many good causes.
and at the age of sixteen we find him Further promotion came at once
successfully taking his father's place almost as a matter of course, and in
as presiding officer at a Republican the years 1891 and 1892 Colonel
rally. How many of them he has Quinby served on the executive coun-
since attended, directed and addressed oil, gaining valuable experience for
in his long years of unselfish devotion the years to come and having large
and unquestioned loyalty to that part in such important public work-
organization! as the representation of the state in
In youth Mr. Quinby served as an the Columbian Exposition at Chicago
aide-de-camp upon the staff of Gov. and the establishment of the New
Ezekiel A. Straw, thus gaining the Hampshire College of Agriculture and
title of Colonel, by which his friends the Mechanic Arts in a new location
were accustomed to address him until at Durham,
that of Governor superseded it. In the years that immediately fol-
354
The Granite Monthly
lowed the friends of Colonel Quinby
often asked him to allow the use of
his name as a candidate for the gov-
ernorship or for Congress, but he
declined to consent.
In 1892 he was chosen a delegate-
at-large to the Republican National
Convention in Minneapolis and there
served upon the important committee
on credentials. In 1896 he was made
the president of the Republican State
Convention and on that occasion he
delivered in splendid fashion one of
the finest orations in all the long line
of such addresses in the history of the
party in New Hampshire.
In 1902 he was chairman of the
committee on resolutions in the Re-
publican State Convention and there
carried through to enthusiastic adop-
tion an endorsement of the adminis-
tration of President Theodore Roose-
velt and the principles of progress for
which it stood. Again in 1908 a sim-
ilar duty was his and again he placed
the party of the state, .through its
convention, on record in favor of the
forward movement within the organ-
ization.
Such was Colonel Quinby's open,
honorable and useful record in public
life when the summons came to him
in 1908 to do his party and his state
further service by leading it out of a
dangerous situation as its successful
candidate for governor.
To the qualifications for chief
executive which this wide experience
of public life and state service gave
him, Colonel Quinby added a thor-
ough knowledge of New Hampshire
and its people, the social and indus-
trial life of the commonwealth, its
possibilities and its needs.
At New Hampton Institution, at
Bowdoin College and at professional
schools Governor Quinby had fitted
in youth for his later pursuit which
connected him with one of New
Hampshire's sterling industries, the
Cole Manufacturing Company, and
made him a leader in the business life
of the state.
As a manufacturer, as the president
of national and savings banks, and in
other business relations, Governor
Quinby displays the same qualities
as in public life, namely, broadness
of mind, keenness of brain, sincerity
of honest convictions, and in addi-
tion to these attributes a deep, genu-
ine and usefully manifested interest
in the educational, religious and
philanthropic activities of the state,
irrespective of creed or nationality.
His personal qualities are such as
make for success of the best kind in
public life. . Ever accessible to his
constituents of every class, he never
denies any man or any cause a hear-
ing and at the same time he never
makes a promise that he does not
intend to keep.
It is these qualities of firmness,
decision and duty, which have made
Governor Quinby's popularity with
the people and his reputation in state
and nation enduring, not evanescent;
increasing, not diminishing, in the
perspective of years.
These were the qualities which he
displayed in one of the most notable
administrations of the affairs of the
state which its history records; an
administration skilfully performing
the duty laid upon it of carrying the
commonwealth from a past which
had been good and great through a
present, period of transition to a
future even greater and better.
Colonel Quinby was nominated for
governor in the last of New Hamp-
shire's delegate conventions, on Sep-
tember 17, 1908, receiving 397 votes
to 246 for Rosecrans W. Pillsbury
and 122 for Bertram Ellis.
The platform adopted by the con-
vention and accepted in toto by its
nominee pledged the Republican
party on state issues to revision of
the tax laws, limitation of railroad
free passes, registration of lobbyists,
a direct primary law, the protection
of no-license communities, increased
appropriations for the equalization
of educational advantages, and just
labor legislation.
In advocacy of these principles and
Henry B. Quinby
355
of the general policy of the Republican
party Candidate Quinby made a
strong and stirring campaign upon
the stump, and was elected on No-
vember 3, 1908, receiving 44,630
votes to 41,386 for Clarence E. Carr,
Democrat.
To the legislature which assembled
on the first Wednesday in January,
1911, and before which he was in-
augurated as governor on the seventh
day of that month, the new Chief
Executive made a clean-cut and vig-
orous address in which he asked of
the General Court, on behalf of the
people, tax reform, anti-pass legisla-
tion, the restriction of the lobby, a
direct primary law, legislation pro-
tecting no-license communities, an
enlarged measure of state aid to
public schools in rural districts, an
amendment of the trustee process
law, the strengthening and enforce-
ment of the laws against child labor,
the appointment of a state forester,
provision against state loss by fire,
defense against insect pests and
further supervision by the state of
public service agencies.
It will be seen that in this inaugural
message Governor Quinby not only
reiterated the pledges of the platform,
but that he went further and took an
advanced position upon many great
problems of society and government
then just beginning to attract public
attention and ever since increasing in
imperative importance.
Nor did he content himself with
calling the attention of the Legislature
to these desirable reforms. Through-
out the at times stormy session, which
continued until April 9, the governor
used- constantly his influence and
position to secure action on these
subjects, and in most instances he
was successful.
For the Legislature of 1909 enacted
a direct primary law; protected no-
license territory; prohibited the giv-
ing of free transportation by common
carriers; required the registration of
lobbyists; raised the rate for the
taxation of public service corpora-
tions; appropriated $400,000 for the
enlargement and remodeling of the
state house; revised the militia law;
appropriated $25,000 to fight the
gypsy moth; raised to $80,000 a year
the appropriation for the equalization
of educational advantages; created
the offices of state auditor and state
forester; protected forests against
fire; and authorized a bond issue of
one million dollars for the construc-
tion of three trunk line state highways.
All these measures were approved
and many of them were ardently
championed by Governor Quinby,
who sought also, to the very last, for
the further and complete carrying out
in legislation of the principles of his
party platform. On the single occasion
"when he deemed it necessary to inter-
pose his veto upon legislation his
action was sustained unanimously by
both the Senate and House, an
unusual record.
In an editorial in the Concord
Evening Monitor at the close of the
session Hon. George H. Moses well
wrote: "The real leader of the
Legislature this winter sat in neither
the Senate not the House. His chair
was in the executive chamber and
from there he laid a firm hand upon
all the proceedings of the session. . . .
On every pledge which he made to
the people Governor Quinby has
made good."
Throughout his administration
Governor Quinby was governed by
the same determination: to do what
he had promised the people he
would try to do.
He and his council laid out the
routes of the three trunk line high-
ways from the Massachusetts state
line to the White Mountains and
supervised personally their construc-
tion, as well as the expenditure of
state aid upon other highways. Under
no other administration has so much
been accomplished in New Hampshire
for good roads or as wise and ambi-
tious plans made for the future.
An achievement of equal merit by
Governor Quinby and his council in
356
The Granite Monthly
the economical expenditure of the
state's money was their satisfactory
enlargement and remodeling of the
state house within the limits of time
and expense set by the legislature.
On October 25, 1910, Governor
Quinby presided at impressive exer-
cises of rededication of a "million
dollar state house for .$400,000," and
since that date architects and builders
have come from the most distant
parts of the country to inspect the
remarkable combination of comfort,
convenience and beauty which has
been effected in the New Hampshire
state capitol at a comparatively small
expense.
During his administration Governor
Quinby thoroughly organized the
National Guard of the state; opened
a state sanatorium for consumptives
at Glencliff and a state normal school
at Keene; added new buildings to,
or in other ways increased the facili-
ties of, the state hospital, the state
prison, the state industrial school)
the state school for the feeble-
minded, the State College and the
normal school at Plymouth. "Econ-
omy and efficiency," the favorite
watchwords of the administration,
were especially exemplified in the
standardization of state supplies and
the introduction of new and business-
like systems of purchasing those
supplies.
Nor did the Governor confine his
activities in behalf of New Hampshire
to her own borders. Several times he
went to the national capital to press
the cause of the Appalachian Moun-
tain Forest Reservation and his per-
sistence in that worthy cause was not
the smallest factor in its final triumph.
He attended the inauguration of
President William H. Taft and later
accompanied the nation's head on
his famous waterways' trip down the
Mississippi River. He attended and
addressed the first sessions of the
House of Governors, which was in-
stituted during his administration,
and from a great number of invita-r
tions to take part in various functions
in many cities and states he accepted
such as his other duties would permit
and such as, he conceived, might be
of benefit to his state.
Appreciation of Governor Quinby's
record as leader and administrator
was manifested during his term and
after its close in many ways that must
have been very gratifying to him; but
of none, perhaps, is he more proud
than of the fact that two famous
institutions of learning, his own alma
mater, Bowdoin, and New Hamp-
shire's pride, old Dartmouth, con-
ferred upon him the honorary degree
of Doctor of Laws in recognition of
his services.
So much of the space available for
this article has been used in a mere
outline of Governor Quinby's public
career that but little remains for a
consideration of the more personal
elements of his biography. Born in
Biddeford, Me., June 10, 1846, the
son of Thomas and Jane E. (Brewer)
Quinby, his ancestry on both sides is
of the best old New England stock,
Indian fighters, Revolutionary sol-
diers, Colonial clergymen and college
presidents. He was graduated from
Bowdoin College in 1869 and on
June 22, 1870, married Octavia M.
Cole, daughter of Hon. B. J. Cole,
of Lakeport. Their two children are
Henry Cole Quinby, Esq., a lawyer
in New York City, and Candace
Ellen, wife of Hugh N. Camp, Jr.,
also of New York.
In the family circle of his handsome
and hospitable home; in the daily con-
duct of responsible business affairs; in
the fraternal orders in which he has
attained high honors and the clubs in
various cities of which he is a valued
member; in all the varied relations of
life, in fact, Governor Quinby presents
the same qualities that have marked
his public career, courtesy, culture and
kindliness combined with courage,
capacity and candor.
In the short time that has elapsed
since he laid down the reins of govern-
ment Mr. Quinby has not in the least
relaxed his interests in the affairs of
Henry B. Quinby
357
his state and his party. In the cam-
paign of 1910 he worked hard upon
the stump and he and his friends
deserve much credit for the success
of the whole Republican ticket in
that election. Undismayed by the
untoward circumstances under which
the campaign of 1912 was waged, he
gave to it his very best efforts,
speaking early and often, and in
every section of the state.
This notable series of political
addresses, revealing the grasp of
their author upon the state and na-
tional problems of the time and
Taking the only position consistent
both with loyalty to the Republican
party and hope for its future success,
must have convinced his hearers that
Governor Quinby today is splendidly
qualified in every way for further pub-
lic service; and it is not surprising
that a large and enthusiastic body of
his Republican friends are now en-
gaged in an earnest and determined
movement to give him a national
opportunity for the exercise of the
pre-eminent abilities which he has
thus far used so finely for the advan-
tage of the state of New Hampshire.
OCTOGENARIAN SONG
By Charles Caverno
I am glad I am eighty years old.
Glad, of the years that have been,
Glad of what to me they have brought
Of the acts and thoughts of men:
Glad that to me as to them
The door to effort open stood,
That 1 and they might enter in,
And reap reward who would:
Glad of the beauty I've seen,
From plain, from mountain height;
In flowers by gliding stream,
In wheeling stars by night:
Glad of the thought revealed,
In the number writ in things,
In the various rythmic songs
The infinite ether sings:
Glad of the joy and the peace
I have found in walk with God,
When in the path of duty
I plain and straight have trod:
Glad of the faith that in cycles of Life
I still shall find new birth,
As, swiftly succeeding each other,
I've lived the years of earth.
Lombard, 111.
The Great Stone Face
THE LEGEND OF THE PROFILE
By Ira ^Y. Thayer
Proem
To the Old Man of the Mountain,-
In Franconia Notch it lies,
In the midst of the White Mountains,
In New England's paradise, —
I address my humble lay;
And recall the early day
Of a brave and worthy race,
Long since passed away.
'Twas a pleasant day in summer
That I saw that massive face,
And methought within its profile,
God's own image I could trace.
As I gazed, my fancy wandered
From those rocky points on high
Dew bedecked by streaming vapors
Rolling through the azure sky,
To that race of men departed:
Long I marveled at the thought,
That they saw the great Spirit,
In the Image that He'd wrought.
Doubtless they had seen their Maker,
(For human passions are the same) ;
Long I gazed, and thought, and wondered.
And at length a vision came:
And the beauty of that vision
Faded not 'till 'round the scene,
It had thrown the magic splendor
Of a wand'ring sleepless dream;
Then a half-forgotten legend,
And a half-remembered dream,
Mingling with imagination,
Formed the nucleus of my theme.
'Tis an ancient Indian tale;
A legend of the long ago,
When the camp-fire of the Red Man
Filled the forest with its glow.
Long, long years ago it happened
Ere that little Pilgrim band,
Dared to brave the dark Atlantic
For this strange and unknown land:
Ere a bridge had crossed our rivers,
Ere a dam had checked their sway;
Unmolested o'er the forest
King Indian held his sway.
360 The Granite Monthly
Could thy hand, 0 Bard departed!
Swell again that quiv'ring strain,
Pouring melody of music
Over mountain, hill and plain:
'Tis the bard of Hiawatha,
That I fain this tale would tell :
He who told an Indian legend,
Told it truthfully, told it well.
But he's gone, lamented Singer!
^ Thus to thee the tale I'll tell.
Every mountain, every river,
Every dingle, dale and dell,
Bears a legend that endears them,
To the beings that 'mong them dwell:
Such a legend is the Profile;
Is the legend now I tell.
The golden light of closing day,
On Gardner's1 wooded mountain lay;
And every upland shrub and tree
Was dressed in yellow livery:
But in the valley far below,
No longer streamed the ruddy glow;
And placid lake and tumbling stream
No more reflects the glimm'ring beam ;
Already evening's dark'ning shade
Was low'ring o'er the leafy glade.
Old Connecticut's rolling tide
Sweeps by the mountain's western side;
Smooth on the water's surface lay,
The sky-line with its cloud array;
Reflected in the mirror sheen,
And bank and tree of evergreen,
With cliff and boulder in between;
All blending on the glimm'ring sight,
Until within the fading light,
Their shadows are no longer seen.
Along the mountain's eastern side,
Through many a pleasant lowland wide,
By leafy glade and rocky dell,
By many a moor and barren fell,
The rippling waters with stately pace
The curving Ammonoosuc trace.
Descending from the uplands far
Where winds its course by cliff and scar,
'Till at the base of Gardner's side
It joins Connecticut's swelling tide.
United, both with murmurs sweet,
Roll on together toward the deep.
1 A mountain at the junction of Connecticut and Ammonoosuc Rivers.
The Legend of the Profile 361
Within the river just below,
The mingling waters swiftly flow
In many an eddying current deep,
And swirling 'round an island1 sweep
Their irresistless way.
The island passed,— the high banks steep,
No more confined the waters keep,
But winding through the meadows low,
The calmer waters gently flow,
And 'mong drooping willows stray.
Now at the close of parting day,
Near where the rivers join their way,
A tribe of Indian warriors brave
Gather to their glimmering camp:
Gathered where the willows wave,
And in the waters drooping lave
Their long and slender leaves.
From the mountains came the hunters,
Bearing through the evening damp
All the yieldings of the forest
That the steady arrow brings
When swiftly from the bow it springs;
Death dealing as the air it cleaves
Toward the object of its aim.
Down the rivers swiftly riding
In their little frames of bark,
Came the Indian hunters riding
Underneath the branches dark,
That hanging o'er the river side
Cast reflections in the tide:
Through the rapids of the river
Shot the barks without a quiver
Guided by a steady hand.
Through the stiller waters gliding,
Over shallows gently sliding,
As the shadows over land
When the clouds that floating high
Sweep across a summer sky.
Then as the evening shades descend
O'er the virgin forest still,
And shadows into shadows blend,
The mournful song of whip-poor-will
Mingles with the plaintiff cry
Of the night-hawk riding high
Through the dark'ning summer sky:
And the crickets are chirping shrill
In the meadow by the rill.
While the rising evening breeze
Sweeping through the mighty trees
Lends it solitary sigh.
l"No Man's Island" in the Connecticut River, Woodsville, N. H.
362 The Granite Monthly
Now gathered are all the warriors
By the flowing river's side,
Where the camp-fire's flickering beams
Dance upon the rippling tide.
Now finished are all the labors,
The toils of day are o'er;
And the silence of the night
Falls upon the river shore.
At an angle from the sky
Falls the light of crescent moon,
That o'er forest, mead, and stream
Casts its silver gilding beam;
Making pathways clear and bright
Through the gathering gloom of night;
Flooding all the wooded glade
With its checkered spots of shade:
Ever here and there revealing,
As it through the wood came stealing,
All the queer and curious shapes
Every natural object takes
In the opalescent sheen,
When by erring humans seen
In the half uncertain light.
On the island in the river
Where the fluent waters meet,
Where the tall and stately pine trees
With their odors fresh and sweet,
Rear their mighty trembling arms
Heavenward, as if asking alms
From the Giver of all good,
Burned the council fires of war;
That flick'ring casts its ruddy gleam
O'er the surface of the stream;
And sends its soft and glowing beam
Through the dark and shaggy wood.
Gleams darkly every face with ire
As the trembling rays of fire
Light the features of the braves
To that crescent council called:
Mennehassett, speaking counsel,
While the younger warriors listen
Sees his words of wisdom welcomed;
Sees them lodge, take root and flourish,
In the breasts of stalwart youths;
Sees their eyes with passion glisten,
As with heads inclined they listen,
To the bloody tales he tells:
Sees their breasts with anger heaving;
Hears their deep and labored breathing,
As his legend their ardor swells.
The Legend of the Profile 363
" Warriors," thus spoke Mennehassett,
In his measured accents slow,
"Pennacook my mortal foe,
Is encamped in equal numbers.
In the valley here below.
Warriors, one of you must go
Where the waters smoothly flow,
Winding like the bended bow1
As it seaward moves its way;
And ere the coming of the day
Take from out her guarded wigwam,
When buried in her slumbers
Kostelilla, handsome face,
The pride of all her race,
Daughter of my mortal foe.
"He who from within this council
Undertakes the dangerous task,
Must remember that she's guarded,
And this night may be his last.
In this cresent council seated
Can a single brave be found,
Who will not for Mennehassett
Court the happy hunting-ground?"
Barely had the words thus spoken
Lodged within the warriors' breasts,
Ere Ammonoosuc, standing forth
Thus his aged chief addressed:
"Mennehassett, learned in wisdom,
Tried in every daring deed,
Long thou shalt not want a warrior
To perform thy wonted deed;
Thy request and thy permission
Is the only law I need,
And the doing of thy will
Shall be my only meed."
Ammonoosuc, tall and sturdy,
Like the giant oak his frame,
Stood revealed in stalwart beauty
In the glowing ruddy flame.
He a strong and youthful warrior
Was the bravest of his race,
Yet beneath his copper color
One a kindly look could trace.
Ammonoosuc from the island
Unmoors his little frame of bark,
And with a swift and steady stroke
Glides across the waters dark.
1 The "Ox Bow" near Newbury, Vt.
364 The Granite Monthly
Winds he through the meadows wide
Where on the river's either side
The drooping willows intertwine
And form a dark and solid line
Against the midnight sky.
Like a serpent 'round its prey,
The twining vines of bitter-sweet
Through the willow branches creep
Their interlacing way.
Gliding onward swift he sees
Through the rift of bord'ring trees
The rising mists of evening stray
O'er the banks and roll away
Across the waving meadows green
'Till right against the hills it lay;
And like a heavy cloak of gray
Wraps the lowlands in its folds.
As onward swift his course he takes
Not a sound his paddle makes;
And save the murmur of the stream
In its placid tranquil flow,
And the hum of insects low,
All the air a stillness holds.
In the meadow near the river,
Where like a mighty bended bow
The murmuring waters flow
In their strange meand'ring way,
With many a twist and curving turn
As they seaward roll their way,
Encamped is Mennehassett's foe.
The dying camp-fires lowly burn,
And 'round them sleeping lay
The braves of Pennacook, the foe;
And as the shadows deeper grow
In the fading flick'ring glow,
Ammonoosuc takes his way
Towards the camp where ere the day
Must he silently bear away
Kostelilla, handsome face,
The pride of all her race.
Like a panther crouching low
Behind its unsuspecting prey,
Ammonoosuc still and slow
Circles 'round the camp his way;
Slyly toward his object creeping, —
'Tis the maiden who now sleeping
In her guarded wigwam lay:
Not a sound his. footfall makes,
Not a branch or dry twig breaks,
Not a single warrior wakes
From his slumbers deep and sound
As he creeps along the ground,
The Legend of the Profile 365
Toward a wigwam that he sees
Half-hidden in the willow trees;
The wigwam found and on the ground
The guard is soundly sleeping,
Unsafe he is, unsafer still
The ward whose watch he's keeping.
Then by the guard unnoticed
He into the wigwam passed,
To remove the maiden fair
And her gentle form to bear
By her guard lay sleeping there,
Was his undertaken task:
Should the maiden's faintest cry
Rouse the warriors nodding by,
His chieftain's cause would then be lost,
And his life would pay the cost.
And the camp-fire smould'ring low,
By its pale uncertain glow
Makes the shadows come and go
In the hut where bended low
O'er the daughter of his foe,
Is Ammonoosuc kneeling.
Gazing on her features fair
As innocently she lay there,
Penitently came the feeling
That he on that fair and lovely face
. Should cast the vengeance of his race.
Kostelilla from her slumbers
Woke as from a feverish dream:
In a vision she had seen
The coming of the warrior brave
To make her Mennehassett's slave.
But in a sequel to that vision, —
Such a wierd and strange decision
That the power of love can make —
Saw she Ammonoosuc's hate
Slowly cool and then abate,
And turn to everlasting love,
Engendered by the Power above.
When from her slumbers she awoke
Not a single word she spoke,
But gazed upon the warrior fair
In the faint light kneeling there.
Neither sound nor cry she uttered,
Neither moved she from her place;
Nowhere in her features,
A fear could Ammonoosuc trace.
For a moment he knelt gazing
In those eyes that love impart,
366 The Granite Monthly
Ere he felt their deep impression:
Then the yearnings of his love
Conquered all his indecision,
Conquered then the Indian heart.
Then to his side the maiden drew,
And spoke in whispers low:
"Kostelilla be my bride;
To some distant dell we'll go,
There to live secure from foe."
Forgets he then the quarrel,
Forgets he then his race,
In finding love's own answer
In Kostelilla's smiling face.
Then to his breast the maiden press'd
And from the wigwam sped
'Way from the camp so still in foot
No warrior heard his tread:
As light into the dark they move,
And leave no trail behind,
No path he seeks, the way is found
Through instinct of his kind.
Their way across the meadow's sweep
And up the bank that bord'ring steep
Circles 'round the river low.
Across the plains of studded pine
Obliquely in a northward line
Pushing onward swift they go.
Right across their hurried way
High a granite mountain1 lay,
And at its base a little lake2
Whose shore is easy skirted;
Before the forest dark and deep,
Behind a race deserted.
O'er rocky hills, through valleys deep
They sped ere break of day.
Then in the eastern sky was born
The saffron-colored morn;
And golden gleams of early sun
Kissed a stream that wildly run,
Winding through its bed of stone
And on the wood refulgent shone.
Kostelilla, the maiden fair,
Was enraptured at the sight,
And turning to her warrior fair
Said in words of keen delight;
"Henceforth, this stream, it shall be styled
The Ammonoosuc Wild."
'Pond Ledge, near Center Haverhill, N. H.
'French Pond.
The Legend of the Profile 307
For three days still they wander,
Northeastward in their way,
Until they reach, a valley deep1
Wherein two lakes doth lay;
And where between the mountains steep
The echoes rolling play.
Here within these mountains bold
Where echoes on reechoes roll'd
The lovers chose to dwell:
Here, secluded they would live
In this cheer-inspiring place,
Forgetful of their dangers.
Forgetful of their race.
Kostelilla's tribe deserted
Find the trail and follow fast
To reclaim their daughter fair.
Barely had the third day passed
O'er the happy bridal pair
Ere the warriors ('vengeful men),
Descended to this mountain glen
And found the dwelling there.
The sun sank down behind a cloud
That o'er the western mountain hung;
And soon from out that little cloud
One large and shapeless sprung,
That threw its heavy sable shroud
O'er all the heavens high:
Abrupt against that ebon cloud
Mount Cannon threw her form,
And dark and still was all the air
Before the coming storm;
And here and there and everywhere
Turn wheeling birds in flight:
The lowering clouds the sky o'er cast
And night replaces day;
The wind drives on a mighty blast
That makes the forests sway:
Then from the heavy laden clouds
The flashing lightnings play,
And peals of jarring thunder
Roll through the deep'ning umbra
Of the rocky mountain wall,
And rolling far they die away
Where wand'ring echoes stray,
As the heavy raindrops fall.
When the low'ring clouds of storm
Had darkened all the summer sky
Loud above the rush of storm
Was heard the Indian warriors' cry.
Ammonoosuc, Kostelilla,
1 Franconia Notch.
368 The Granite Monthly
In their wigwam heard the cry:
Well they knew their dream was o'er:
"Shall we tempt the farther shore
And climb the mountain high?"1
Was Ammonoosuc's hopeful cry:
Her acceptance was not spoken,
But her loving eyes the token
Of her willingness to try.
Scarcely had they reached the shore
Ere an arrow tightly pressed
That was aimed at Ammonoosuc
Pierced the gentle maiden's breast.
Ammonoosuc with the maiden
Slowly dying by his side
Turned to face the Indian warriors
That had slain his lovely bride.
Clear and strong his voice now raises
Loud above the stormy sounds,
"I the maiden now will follow
To the happy hunting-grounds.
Great Spirit! on this mountain
By omnipotence divine,
Place a face, our resting place
To guard throughout all time."
Ammonoosuc, Kostelilla,
Bound in love no death can sever,
In their arms each other fold
As o'er their forms forever
The dark'ned waters rolled.
When o'er the twain the waters roll'd
The storm burst uncontroll'd.
The stormy blasts of heaven sweep
In fury through the valley deep;
Lightnings flash and rolls the thunder;
Tow'ring rocks are split asunder,
That loosened from their place on high
With thund'rous noise come crashing down;
And lo! Mount Cannon high,
Wears a profile in its crown.
Still stands the face through all these days
Its solemn vigil keeping,
While far below beneath its gaze
The youth and maid are sleeping.
And so throughout all future time
It shall mark their resting place,
A symbol of the power of love
And the red-man's doomed race.
1 Mount Cannon.
THE BEAUTIFUL MERRIMACK
By Eben Litth , Jr.
The beautiful Merrimack and its
valley were known by the northern
Indians long before its discovery by
the white man, as they often told
early voyagers, along the coast of
Maine and the north, of the river far
to the south they called the Merri-
mack, and sang its praises as the
"bright rapid water," "the beautiful
river with the pebbly bottom," ''the
water that comes from the high
places," and since its discovery by
de Champlain in 1605 its beauties
at once, spending the winter on the
island of St. Croix, on the Maine
coast. In the spring one of the ves-
sels left St. Croix to explore the coast
as far as Cape Cod. In the course of
this cruise, de Champlain discovered
the Merrimack and entered the harbor
July 17, 1605. De Champlain, the
faithful pilot of de Monts and chron-
icler of his voyages, has left a notice
of this discovery in a work that ranks
among the most romantic of the
literature of the sea.
Chain Bridge, Newburyport, Mass.
have become known world-wide and
often rehearsed in song and story.
Under the patronage of Henry IV
of France, Seur de Monts, a noted
Huguenot chief was fitted out with
four vessels on a voyage of discovery
to New France, giving him the
government and patent for land
which now comprises a large part of
Canada and our New England and
Middle States. De Monts sailed from
Havre, March, 1604, with de Cham-
plain, an experienced voyager, as pilot.
After arrival on these shores, to
the north, he commenced exploration
The Merrimack River rises near
the- summit of Mt. Willey, of the
White Mountain range. From a pond
on its western slope, 4,000 feet above
the sea the small rivulet flows in a
southerly direction connecting with
the outlet of Ethan Crawford's pond
(named for the pioneer of the Notch)
forming the nucleus of this magnifi-
cent stream which flows thence 260
miles on its way to the sea. 'For
forty miles from its source high up in
the mountains, it runs through the
center of the most romantic country
that human eye ever feasted on."
370
The Granite Monthly
Bridge over Merrimack River, Newburyport
From the great height of its source,
there are many rapids and falls on its
course to sea level. These have been
utilized as water power for varied
manufacturing industries and the
Merrimack furnishes the power for
more invested manufacturing capital
than any other stream in the world.
To mention the cotton and woolen
manufacturing enterprises established
at Manchester in 1809, in Lowell in
1832, and in Lawrence in 1846, now
capitalized by many millions and em-
ploying help that would make a cos-
mopolitan nation of itself, would be
rehearsing a story already well known.
Although not so extensive as a
century ago, the iron mined in several
of the northern. hill towns was made
into various articles, which was quite
an industry. The screw auger, now
in general use, was invented by
Nathaniel Weed, a hill town native,
and the first cut nails headed by
machinery were made here, the Mer-
rimack water furnishing the power
that made both machines and inven-
tions.
This river has also been a great
water thoroughfare for the lumber
trade. Its channel has been dredged,
its rocky sides blasted so that large
Steamer Merrimac leaving Black Rocks
The Beautiful Merrimack
371
timber booms were laid to make a
pathway from the wooded solitudes of
the north where the axes of hundreds
of men felled the trees where timber
would form "drives" of eight or more
million feet to be rafted down the
streams to the sawmills below, from
whence it reaches all parts of the
country for building or manufacturing
purposes. For this reason New Hamp-
shire has some of the largest furniture
suspension bridge, the first of its
kind in the country, and its pictures
have gone far and wide.
This is the home of the favorite
authoress. Harriet Prcscott Spofford.
Here is Carr's Island, the summer
home of John Shepard, the noted
Boston business man; and the fine
waterside residence of Prof. Marcus
Buell on the Salisbury shore.
The sons of the Merrimack Valley
Harriet Prescott Spofford's Residence
and wood-working factories in New
England.
The beauties of the Merrimack,
with its romantic views and pictur-
esque villas skirting its banks, con-
tinue to its harbor and entrance to the
ocean. Located there are the grand
estates of the Messrs. Moseley, the
Laurels, Hawkswood, the summer
home of the family of the late David
Wallace, Esq., of New York City;
Deer Island, nestling cosily in the
center of the stream and connected
with the mainland by the picturesque
who have had a high stand in the
walks of life are legion; to mention
them all would be an arduous task.
With equal honor to those not men-
tioned, we name Chief Justice Samuel
Sewall, Theophilus Parsons, President
Felton of Harvard College, Horace
Greeley, Benjamin F. Butler, Josiah
Bartlett, a signer of the Declaration
of Independence, Daniel Webster,
Bishop Clark of Rhode Island, Hon.
Caleb dishing, and John Greenleaf
Whittier, "the poet of the Merri-
mack."
STAR-DUST
By Moses Gage Shirley
Your life is but a grain of sand
In the world's composition;
A little star-dust, but you came.
And live, and have a mission.
NUTRITION AND DIET
By Evelyn Waite
First of all, what is food? A food
is any substance which will supply the
material needs of the body. We
must therefore make a classification
of foods: First:- —
Inorganic Foods
Water and salts.
Organic Foods
1. Sugar.
2. Starches.
3. Roots and Tubers.
4. Green Vegetables.
5. Fruits.
6. Fats.
Nitrogenous Foods.
1. Lean Meat.
2. Eggs.
Carbo-Nitrogenous Foods.
1. Cereals.
2. Legumes.
3. Nuts.
4. Milk.
The liver is the great chemical
laboratory of the body. A very large
part of the chemical work done in the
body is done by the liver. The food
materials are distributed to the liver
cells, and they slowly filter through
the blood capillaries, between the cells
within the lobules of the liver. The
liver cells, which lie along the capilla-
ries, absorb several substances, among
them, sugar. Another important func-
tion of the liver has to do with the
proteins. While these are practically
unchanged in their passage through
the liver, when they come back from
active tissues, particularly from the
muscle tissues, partly oxidized and
broken up into simpler mid-products,
the liver cells absorb these mid-pro-
ducts of protein calabolism, and fur-
ther oxidize and combine them with
the nitrogenous excreta, which will
be later thrown out of the body by the
way of the kidneys. Incidental to
the oxidation of alcohol into the liver
two things happen that have been
misunderstood by clinicians. In the
first place, oxidation naturally and
necessarily liberates that energy, in-
creasing the sum total of body heat.
Second, oxidation of the carbonaceous
substances increases the output of
carbon-dioxide gas.
Oxidation is easily and naturally
assumed to be analogous, if not actu-
ally equivalent, to the oxidation of
fats, or sugar, or starches. This
being admitted, alcohol was naturally
looked upon as a food. Recent
researches on the action of alcohol in
the liver show that results, which
were so plausible a decade ago, are
subject to a very different inter-
pretation— that heat resulting from
this protective oxidation is not avail-
able for the maintenance of body
temperature. It is generally admitted
and universally known that alcohol
in any quantity, small or great,
not only fails to protect the system
from extreme temperature, but actu-
ally makes the system less resistant
to low temperature.
The Work of the Lungs
The lungs are the respiratory organs
and perform a double function: First,
to take the oxygen from the air, which
is absorbed through the moist thin
membrane of the air sacs into the
blood of the capillaries. Second, to
exhale the carbon-dioxide into the
air. This is carried from the active
tissues of the body in the venous
blood to the lungs and diffused through
the capillary walls into the air con-
tained in the air cells. Incidentally
the lungs give up a certain amount of
water and minute quantities of organic
material.
The Work of the Kidneys
The work of the kidneys is solely
excretious. The blood passes through
them from a short transverse branch
on the abdominal aorla, in far greater
Nutrition and Diet
373
quantities than would be necessary to
supply the kidneys with nourishment
and oxygen. The blood is sent to
the kidneys, not for the kidneys' sake
alone, but for the blood. It is sent
to the kidneys to be purified.
The Work of the Skin
The skin is usually named among
the excretory organs. It secretes oil
from its sebaceous glands. It has a
part in the protective function in
regulating body temperature, includ-
ing the excretion of water from the
sweat glands of the skin. Certain
salts are also excreted, and these salts
are practically the same as those
excreted by the kidneys, including
urates in traces.
The Work of the Intestines
A very great part of the waste
matter passes away from the intes-
tines, daily, known as feces. The
fecal matter represents the indigest-
ible and undigested food material that
has passed through the whole length
of the alimentary canal. Of the mass
of material that makes up the feces,
only a very small amount is real
excretion, because an excretion is a
substance which has been within the
tissues. Even the mucus, poured out
of the wall of the large intestine to
facilitate the movement of its con-
tents, would be called an excretion,
though it is part of the feces.
Diet
There are some first principles
which should govern the physician,
the nurse, and the mother, in con-
sidering a diet for those under his or
her care. Having decided upon the
amount of protein which the diet
represents, one must next consider
the form in which the protein is to
be given. Next to decide is the
amount and source of carbonaceous
foods. These foods include starches,
sugars and fats. Carbonaceous foods
must be made up largely from the
carbohydrates. For a person using
the brain in study, etc., the proper diet
if of good, physical, growth would be:
Breakfast: Oatmeal (sugar and
cream), dry toast, cup cereal coffee,
grapes.
Lunch: Cream soup (potato, toma-
to, celery), bread, butter, fruit,
(stewed), glass of milk, cake.
Dinner: Roast beef, gravy, potatoes,
vegetables (fresh), bread, butter, fruit
(apple sauce, rhubarb, rice pudding.)
Menu for a growing child:
Breakfast: Glass milk, thoroughly
cooked oatmeal and cream, baked
apple, buttered toast.
Lunch (10 o'clock): Graham crack-
ers, milk or water (preferably water).
Lunch (1 o'clock) : Bread and butter,
creamed potatoes, fruit (stewed or
fresh) .
Lunch (4 o'clock) : Graham crackers,
milk.
Supper: Glass of milk, soft boiled
eggs, shredded wheat biscuit, fruit
(apples).
Menu for the constipated — Con-
stipation is a condition brought on
less by the diet than any other
condition, usually departure from
hygiene. If the habit is begun in
childhood, it is easy to get a con-
firmed constipation habit, which would
be acquired before the twentieth
year. Bodily exercise is most effect-
ual, before breakfast, in the regula-
tions of the bowel movement — that
which takes in flexion and torsion of
the trunk.
Breakfast: Cereal, oatmeal, corn
meal or wheat, sugar and cream,
fresh fruit, coffee, dry toast.
Lunch: Soup, bread (whole wheat or
graham), fresh fruit.
Dinner: Sou]), meat — any kind,
potatoes (any way except fried),
vegetables (prepared any way), fruit,
rhubarb sauce, desert, custards, sim-
ple pudding.
Bed-time: Four figs, or six prunes,
or two apples.
Unless the alimentary canal is com-
pletely demoralized, it is hardly con-
ceivable that it should not respond
to this sort of treatment by a regular
374 The Granite Monthly
movement of the bowels, at least are so common they have neglected
once a day. Try to cultivate the them. The amount of food is just
habit of going to the closet at a regular as important as the kind, and by
hour a day, the best time immediately amount we do not mean simply the
after breakfast. If this regularity is number of ounces, or pounds, but the
kept up, week after week, continu- number of food units or calories,
ously and conscientiously, there will One is bulk, the other is value; one
be a normal response at a regular fills, the other nourishes. We must
hour every day. Children should be be able to reduce foods to their sim-
taught to go to the closet every morn- plest terms. But mistakes are made
ing after breakfast, that being their in the use of foods. In some groups
first duty every day, thus saving of cases such as malnutrition, fevers,
annoyance and inconvenience in their diabetes, obesity, and renal and gastro-
later life. The medical profession intestinal cases, the patient's health
has given much study to drugs, and or life, even, depend upon how he is
knows the kinds to use, and the exact fed, what kind of food, and how much
amount for a given result, but foods he is given.
DECEMBER
By Beta Chapin
How quick the seasons come and go!
The summer hurried through the sky,
The autumn tints were all aglow;
Now dreary prospects meet my eye;
Now winter freezes every scene
Where lately all was summer green.
The frost, the snow, the raging blast,
The sad and short December day,
The brook now held in fetters fast,
The icy hilltops far away,
The naked trees, such gloomy things,
Are but the objects winter brings.
STAR OF THE EAST
By Maude Gordon Roby
O little Star, that guided the three Wise Men —
Who journeyed far o'er Eastern lands their Lord to see
Who worshipped long, and offered their oblations —
Still beam in sweet effulgence upon me!
Shine bright adown the thorn-clad Path of Ages,
Por blindly, men and women grope their heavy way;
They stumble, aye, and fall upon their sin-stained faces,
Have pity, Star, show us the Christ today!
NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY
MILTON B. WADLEIGH
MiltonB. Wadleigh, born in Sutton, Decem-
ber 4, 1839, died at the old family homestead
in that town, November 24, 1912.
Mr. Wadleigh was a descendant of that
Robert Wadleigh who settled in Exeter in
the early days of our history, and whose
great-grandson, Benjamin Wadleigh, was one
of the first settlers of Sutton, Locating on the
place which has ever since been known as
the Wadleigh homestead. Benjamin Wad-
leigh was the first clerk and one of the first
selectmen of Sutton as well as the first
justice of the peace, and the Wadleighs have
ever since been prominent in the affairs of
the town. Benjamin Wadleigh, Jr., and
Erastus, son of the latter, were alike active
and conspicuous, and Milton B., son of
Erastus and Almina (Challis) maintained the
standing and reputation of his ancestry.
He was educated in the common schools
and at New London Academy, and had
devoted his life mainly to agriculture, the
Wadleigh farm embracing some 300 acres of
land; while outlying possessions brought the
acreage up to more than 2,000. He had also
been extensively engaged in lumbering; was
the prime mover and principal owner of the
Sutton creamery, and a leading promoter and
treasurer of the Merrimack County Tele-
phone Company.
He had served several years as selectman,
was a member of the legislature of 1907, and
of the last Constitutional convention.
Mr. Wadleigh had never married and was
the last representative of the family in town,
his nearest relatives being two cousins, one
of whom is Miss Ella Wadleigh of Concord.
Politically he was a Republican and in religion
a Baptist.
WOODBURY M. DURGIN
Woodbury M. Durgin, a leading citizen
and the oldest resident of the town of North-
wood, died at his home in that town November
22, 1912.
He' was born in Northwood June 8, 1825,
the eldest son of Miles and Jane (Knowlton)
Durgin, his ancestors removing to Northwood
from Durham Point. He was educated in
the common schools, and took an early interest
in politics and public affairs, allying himself
with the Republican party upon its organ-
ization. He was moderator of the town in
1859, representative in 1800 and several time.-
a selectman. He was a commissioner for
Rockingham County three years, from 1873,
and appointed Register of Probate in 1X76,
and served five successive terms after the
office became elective.
He enlisted in Company D, Fifteenth New
Hampshire Regiment , in the Civil War, served
most creditably and attained the rank of
lieutenant. For ten years, from 1865 to 1875,
he was extensively engaged as a contract
shoe manufacturer, bringing the work from
Lynn, Mass., to Northwood, where it was
given out to men at their homes.
Mr. Durgin was a Free Baptist, a Mason,
Odd Fellow and Patron of Husbandry, as well
as-a member of the G. A.. R., having been at the
head of the local organization in each order.
He married, December 16, 1847, Abby G.
James of Northwcod, deceased.
CARDINER OILMAN
Gardiner Oilman, a prominent citizen of
Exeter and a representative of one of the
town's most noted families, died at his home
in that town November 24, 1912. He was a
son of ('apt. Nathaniel and Elizabeth Oar-
diner Oilman, born December 8, 1829. His
father, who was a soldier in the war of 1812,
was a nephew of John Taylor Oilman, one of
the early governors of New Hampshire.
He was educated at Phillips Academy,
entering in 1843. In 1S52 he went to Cali-
fornia, where he remained five years. He
served in the Union Army in the Civil War
as a member of the Forty-fifth Massachu-
setts Regiment. Aside from his stay in Cal-
ifornia and his army service Mr. Oilman had
always lived in Exeter at the family home-
stead, embracing one of the largest farms in
Exeter, from which a large donation had been
made to the hospital grounds, and the balance
of which, including some 250 acres, he deeded
last year to Phillips Academy, retaining a life
estate.
Mr. Oilman never married, but leaves two
nephews and two nieces as next of kin. He
lived a quiet, dignified life, largely in retire-
ment, but enjoyed the companionship of many
warm personal friends. He was a member of
the New Hampshire Society of the Cincinnati,
and of the Second Congregational Society of
Exeter. By his will he left $1,000 each to
Phillips Academy, the ( !ottage Hospital, Phil-
lips church, and t he Society of the Cincinnati.
HENRY A. MARSH
Henry August vis Marsh, a prominent citi-
zen of Nashua, died at his home in that city,
November 21, after a long illness.
He was a native of Amherst, born Novem-
ber 2, 1839, and was educated at Claremont
to which town he removed with his parents
in early childhood. He went to Nashua in
1860, as a telegraph messenger, but enlisted
in the Third New Hampshire Regiment in
the Civil War the following year, and gained
the rank of lieutenant in the service. He
was appointed postmaster of Nashua by
Presidenl Grant in 1876 and served till 1S85,
when he established Marsh's Nashua & Bos-
ton Express, which he conducted for many
years. He was a republican in politics and
had served in the Legislature and as a member
376
The Granite Monthly
of the Nashua B >ard of Assessors. He was a
33d degree Mast.u and a member of the G.
A. R.
HENRY C. BROWN
Henry C. Brown, a well-known musician of
Boston, born in Westmoreland, December
12, 1837, died at his home, 41 Mt. Vernon
Street, Boston, December 6, 1912.
He was a son of John Dwight Brown, a
violinist and noted local teacher of vocal
music, and when twenty years of age went
to Boston and became deputy leader of the
old Boston Brigade Band, and later held the
same position in P. S. Gilmore's band. He
organized a band for the Twenty-third
Massachusetts Regiment in the Civil War,
and was a member of the orchestra that
played at the Peace Jubilee in 1869. In 1872
he toured Europe and with his band played
at Saratoga in 1877-78-79. Later he devoted
himself to teaching and solo-playing. He
was a member of the Masonic fraternity and
the G. A. R.
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES
While nearly every town in the state has a
free public library accessible, under certain
conditions, to all its people, not all towns, and
in fact but a small proportion of them have
special buildings erected and equipped for
the proper housing of such libraries For-
tunately every year witnesses one or more
additions to the number of these buildings
generally provided for through the generosity
and public spirit of some well-to-do citizen
or former resident of the town, who thereby
not only serves most effectively the public,
now and hereafter, but builds for himself a
most enduring monument. One of the latest
accessions to the number of our free public
library buildings is that in the town of Fran-
conia, dedicated and opened to the public
December 11, it being the gift of Col. and
Mrs, Charles H. Greenleaf. It is one of the
most substantial and thoroughly constructed,
as well as the most conveniently arranged to
be found in the state, Colonel Greenleaf hav-
ing inspected many buildings of the kind in
this and other states before perfecting his
plans. The exterior is of sandstone and
Indiana brick, with steel girders and cement
in the interior, and mahogany trimmings and
furniture. All the appointments are perfect
in taste and adaptation, and the town may
well be proud of so valuable an addition to
the attractions it enjoys. Colonel Greenleaf
has been identified with the leading interests
and the material and social life of Franconia
for more than fifty years, in connection with
the management and proprietorship of the
Profile House, and in thus sharing the fruits
of his prosperity with the people of the town,
he proves his loyal devotion as a true and
patriotic citizen. May others follow his
example.
It is gratifying to learn that a history of
the town of Hudson is in preparation, and
will soon be ready for the printer, the work
being in the hands of that veteran citizen
and careful historical student, Kimball Web-
ster, than whom no man is better equipped
for such service. There are many towns in
the state of which no adequate history has
ever been written, and the time is rapidly
passing in which it will be possible to secure
the necessary data for their preparation and
completion. There should be decisive action
along this line without further delay in all
these towns.
At the spring meeting of the New Hamp-
shire Board of Trade in Exeter last May, a
resolution was presented and adopted, urging
the inauguration of measures to insure the
holding of a great international exposition
in Boston in 1920 in observance of the
three hundredth anniversary of the landing
of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, and the settle-
ment of New England . The Boston Chamber
of Commerce gave no response to the call of
the resolution regarding the undertaking as
too great to be ventured upon ; but the_idea,
fortunately, has not been lost, and an organ-
ization has already been formed looking to a
proper and formal observance of the anniver-
sary in question, and in furtherance of the
movement a monthly publication, to be known
as the Pilgrim Magazine is about to make its
appearance in Boston, and the same will be
awaited and welcomed with interest, not
only by all descendants of the Pilgrims, but
by all citizens who take pride in the great
structure of civil and religious liberty whose
foundations they laid, and whose blessings
we all enjoy.
Volume 44 (No. 7 of the New Series) is
completed with this issue of the Granite
Monthy. Those subscribers desiring to ex-
charge their unbound numbers for 1912, for
the bound volume, which they may do for 50
cents, should notify the publisher at once.
All subscribers now in arrears are requested
to make payment up to the present time and
a year in advance. Any subscriber desiring
to distribute appropriate New Year's presents
among his friends can order this magazine
sent to three different addresses for the year
1913, for $2.00.
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