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DURHAM LIBRARY ASSOCIATION

THE

GRANITE MONTHLY

A New Hampshire Magazine

DEVOTED TO

History, Biography, Literature
and State Progress

VOLUME XLVII
NEW SERIES, VOLUME X

CONCORD, N. H.

PUBLISHED BY THE GRANITE MONTHLY COMPANY

1915

CONCORD, N. H.

The Rumford Press
1915

The Granite Monthly

CONTENTS, JANUARY-DECEMBER, 1915

Old Series, Volume XLVII
New Series, Volume X

Page

Abigail and Her Roses, by Annie Folsom Clough 389

Art of Walking, The, by Harold L. Ransom 455

Autumn and Its Flora, by Fred Myron Colby 451

Baker Memorial Church and Its New Pastor, The, by James W. Tucker 429

Carey, William W., by H. H. Metcalf 403

Claremont Equal Suffrage Association, by Clara L. Hunton 75

Claremont Revolutionary Soldiers 78

Clark, Hon. A. Chester, by William E. Wallace 93

Col. Timothy Bedel 495

Concord and Portsmouth Turnpike, The, by J. M. Moses 309

Concord Female Charitable Society 304

Concord's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary 125

CarroU, Col. Lysander H., Postmaster of Concord, 1880-1885 166

Chandler, Hon. William E., Secretary of United States Navy, 1882-1885, and

United States Senator, 1887-1901 150

Chase, Hon. William M., Associate Justice, New Hampshire Supreme Court,

1891-1907 156

Corning, Hon. Charles R., Anniversary Historian 130

Eastman, Hon. Samuel C, Anniversary President 128

Galhnger, Hon. Jacob H., United States Senator, 1891-1921 152

HoUis, Hon. Henry F., United States Senator, 1913-1919 154

Kimball, Samuel S., President of New Hampshire Savings Bank, 1874-1894 148

Kimball, Hon. John, Mayor of Concord, 1872-1875 140

Lyford, James O 162

Martin, Hon. Nathaniel E., Mayor of Concord, 1899-1900 160

Metcalf, Henry Harrison, Chairman of General Committee and Anniversary

Exercises 164

Mitchell, Hon. John M., Associate Justice, Superior Court, 1910-1913. 158

Niles, Rt. Rev. William W., D.D., LL.D., Protestant Episcopal Bishop of New

Hampshire, 1870-1914 138

Parker, Hon. Hosea W., President of Legislative Reunion, Member of House of

Representatives, 1859-1860 134

Reed, Rev. George Harlow, D.D., Pastor of First Congregational Church, Chair-
man of Committee on Religious Observance 136

Stevens, Hon. Lyman D., Mayor of Concord, 1868-1869 142

Vannevar, Rev. John, D.D., Anniversary Preacher, Pastor Universalist Church,

1895-1912 132

Walker, Hon. Joseph B., President of New Hampshire Board of Agriculture,

1896-1906 144

White, Nathaniel 146

Concord, The Professional Life of, by Joseph M. Lucier 177

The Legal Profession 177

Clark, Chester A 193

Couch, Benjamin W 183

iv . Contents

Page
Concord's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary — Continued:

Demond, Fred Clarence 195

Doherty, J. Joseph 202

Driscoll, Frank G 202

Dudley, David F 194

Fletcher, George Moore 185

Foster, William A 195

Hill, George V 199

Hollis, Allen 187

Jackson, Robert 200

Lake, Harry F 199

Matthews, Joseph S 189

Murchie, Alexander 198

Murchie, Robert C 198

Niles, Edward C 191

Remick, Judge James Waldron 185

Stevens, Hon. Henry Webster 187

Stevens, William Lyman 200

Streeter, Hon. Frank Sherwin 179

Sulloway, Frank Jones 197

Upton, Robert 197

Woodworth, Edward Knowlton 196

Wright, Robert M 201

The Medical Profession '. 203

Adams, Dr. Chancey 209

Amsden, Dr. Henry H 219

Bancroft, Dr. Charles Parker 213

Beauclerk, Dr. W. Preston 221

Bugbee, Dr. Marion L 211

Clarke, Dr. George Haven 223

Conn, Dr. Granville P 204

Cook, Dr. George 208

Dolloff, Dr. Charles H 224

Douglass, Orlando B., M.D 214

Gove, Dr. John McClure 218

Grafton, Dr. Frank WiUard 219

Graves, Dr. Robert J 220

Hoyt-Stevens, Dr. Elizabeth 217

Sanders, Loren A., M.D 217

Sprague, Dr. Fred A 222

Stanley, Dr. Oramel Henry 223

Stillings, Dr. Ferdinard A 207

Walker, Dr. Charles Rumford 211

Watson, Dr. Irving Allison 205

Wilkins, Dr. RusseU 218

The Dental Profession 226

Albee, Edmund H., D.D.S 226

Cummings, Dr. E. S 230

Moulton, Dr. Louis 1 227

Plaisted, Drs. Lester H. and Harold C 230

Rowell, Dr. George E 228

True, Dr. Charles L 229

Washburn, Dr. Clarence J 229

Coatents v

Page
Concord's One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary — Continued:

Worthen, Dr. John Henry 226

Young, Dr. William A 228

Capital City Banks 231

Concord Building and Loan Association 237

First National Bank 231

Loan and Trust Savings Bank 234

Mechanicks National Bank, The 235

Merrimack County Savings Bank, The 236

National State Capital Bank, The 233

New Hampshire Savings Bank, The 236

Concord, The Business Section of, by James W. Tucker 239

Capital City Women 297

Chase, Mrs. William M 301

Frost, Mrs. L. J. H 303

Hoague, Mrs. Mary Tucker 302

Remick, Mrs. Mary Smith 300

Streeter, Mrs. Lilian Carpenter 299

Thorne, Mary Gordon Nichols 301

White, Armenia S 297

Woodworth, Mary Parker 298

Concord's New Bridges 291

Concord's Wonolancet Club 295

Conn, Capt. Jacob 89

Consolation, by George Wilson Jennings 28

Cornish — One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary 397

Country Graveyard, A, by Col. Daniel Hall 447

Country Walk in April, A, by Fred Myron Colby 121

Dearborn, Gen. Henry, by E. D. Hadley 409

Dover, Visits of Famous Men to, by Annie Wentworth Baer 323

Dunbarton — One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary 400

Earlier Transportation in the United States, by Charles Nevers Holmes 443

Early Social Life in New England, by George W. Jennings 512

Editor and Publisher's Notes 32, 92, 124, 316, 348, 428, 460, 516

English Language, The, by Marilla M. Richer Ill

Frankhn Pierce, A Boy's Vision of 449

From the "Shay" to the Motor Car, by Helen Rolfe Holmes 435

Goss, Charles Carpenter, by H. C. Pearson 317

Hall, Rev. Aaron, by Rev. Rodney W. Roundy 5

Haverhill, N. H., Autobiography of the First Bell, by Grace Woodward 80

Hills in October, The, by Jeannette Morrill 425

Hopkinton Celebration 349

Indians of New Hampshire, The, by Charles Nevers Holmes 85

In Tulip Land, by Maude Gordon Roby 313

Is Marriage a Failure, by Marilla M. Richer 23

Legislative Reunion — Concord Anniversary 463

Legislature of 1915, The, by James W. Tucker 33

Libby Museum of Wolfeboro, The 70

Lost Mother, The, by Ellen Weeks Tenney 421

Meredith, N. H., History of the Congregational Church of, by Sarah M. Noyes 97

Million Ancestors, A, by E. P. Tenney 437

New England Story, A, by H. F. Lamb 419

New Hampshire Memorial Hospital for Women and Children, The 224

vi Contents

Page

North Conway Mount Kearsarge, The, by Ellen McRoberts Mason , 72

Old Days at Lake Winnepesaukee, by Bertha Green 345

Orford — One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary 398

Pierce Statue, The 1

Pilgrim's Thanksgiving Day, The, by Gilbert Patten Brown 507

Portsmouth Authors, Reminiscences of, by C. A. Hazlett 103

Portsmouth Marine Society, The, by Frank Warren Hackett 405

Portsmouth " War Journal, " The, by Wallace Hackett 393

Sewel Hoit Homestead, The 305

Taxi with the Blue Door, The, by Edward J. Parchley 509

That Fatal Night, by William Child, M.D 119

"The Flag— Memorial Day Sermon," by Rev. Willis P. Odell, D.D 15

Three Anniversaries — Cornish, Orford and Dunbarton Celebrate Their One Hundred

and Fiftieth 397

Tree of Tamworth, The, by David Alawen 335

Wildcat Story, A, by L. E. Bliss 341

New Hampshire Necrology 30, 90, 122, 315, 347, 395, 426, 459, 514

Adams, Hon. Herbert E 459

Albee, John - 124

Albin, John H 426

Barker, Forest E 30

Beckwith, Mrs. Emily L 91

Bell, William G • 515

Brewster, Lewis W 396

Carleton, Dr. Bukk G 31

Carter, Rev. Nathan F 514

Cate, Leslie W 91

Cavis, Harry M 396

Chamberlain, Hon. William P 348

Champollion, Andre C 124

Chapman, Dr. Sumner F 395

Chellis, Alvah B 91

Clarke, Stephen G 395

Corson, Woodbury E 315

Davis, Rev. Perley B 395

Dean, Col. Bradley 426

Dodge, Arthur P 459

Dutton, Benjamin F 347

Edgerly, Maj. J. Homer 514

Furber, Dudley L 31

Gerrish, James L 91

Goodell, Hon. David H 122

Hadley, Hon. Herbert 30

Hildreth, Charles M 124

Hill, Dr. Gardner C 316

Hill, Edward L 395

Hoyt, Col. Albert H " 347

Huntoon, Ora M 30

King, Col. Dana W 31

Marsh, Col. John F 90

McDaniel, Hon. Charles 123

Merrow, Herbert Earl 514

Nims, Marshall W 426

Contents vii

Page
New Hampshire Necrology — Continued:

Peck, Thomas Bellows 90

Pecker, Col. Jonathan E 427

Philbrick, Enoch Gerrish 514

Porter, Burrill, Jr 31

Prentiss, George W 123

Proctor, Alexis 396

Rand, Thomas C 123

Roberts, George M 31

Roby, Gen. Harley B , 396

Rogers, Hon. George S 30

Silver, Henry A 395

Sinclair, Prof. John E 426

Stearns, Hon. Ezra S 90

Stone, Silas C 315

Stowell, Hon. George H. .' 347

Tinker, Hon. George F 347

Upham, Robert B 90

Viall, Hon. Herbert B 427

Wellman, Rev. Joshua W., D.D '. 459

Wentworth, Gen. Marshall C 395

Whipple, Capt. Paul 459

Whiting, George 395

Woodbury, Hon. Urban A -, 315

POETRY

A Buttercup Idyl, by L. Adelaide Sherman 344

A New-Born Day, by L. J. H. Frost 314

A Tattered Rose, by Charles H. Chesley 494

America, The Glorious, by Maude Gordon Roby 3

Apple Bloom, by Thomas H. Stacy - 293

Bed-Time, by Frances M. Pray 340

Books, by Delia Honey 84

Concord, by Martha A. S. Baker 408

Concord by the Merrimack, by Edna Dean Proctor 340

Despair Not, by Harry B. Metcalf 424

Ebb-Tide, by Georgiana A. Prescott 506

E. G. E., by Stewart Everett Rowe 321

Evening, by Katherine Winifred Bean 446

Fate and Fortune, by Moses Gage Shirley 401

If I Had Known, by L. Adelaide Sherman 458

In My Desert Home, by Mary Currier Rolofson 77

It Might Have Been, by L. J. H. Frost 13

Josiah Prescott Rowe, by Stewart Everett Rowe 515

Kearsarge, by Carl Burell 102

King Olaf Tryggvesson, by Fred Myron Colby 413

Let Us Keep On, by Georgie Rogers Warren 388

Looking Down the Valley, by Cyrus A. Stone 96

Love, by Moses Gage Shirley 511

Love's Jesting, by L. Adelaide Sherman .' 88

May Blossoms, by Amy J. Dolloff 315

Memories, by Charles Clarke , 118

Ode on Solitude, by H. Thompson Rich 29

viii Contents

Page

Ode on the Eternal, by H. Thompson Rich 506

Only Good, by Hannah B. Merriam 458

Paradise, by Maude Gordon Roby 314

Pussy-Willow, by Delia Honey 109

Queerly Related, by Frank Monroe Beverly 511

Sacred to the Memory, by Martha A. S. Baker 433

Sleep, by Georgie Rogers Warren 74

Sunset Hour — Great Bay, N. H., by Bertha B. P. Greene 408

Sunset on the Connecticut, by Edith M. Child 346

The Academy in Exeter, A Retrospect, by Charles Nevers Holmes 513

The "Antis," by Georgie Rogers Warren 418

The Christmas Kiss, by Mary A. Dwyre 508

The Country Schoolhouse, by Mrs. Theo Hasenjager 453

The Dirge of the War, by E. M. Patten 446

The Dreamer, by Margaret E. Kendall 79

The Dying Oak, by Charles Nevers Holmes 26

The Eternal Lovers, by H. Thompson Rich 322

The Flower of God, by David Ala wen 436

The Ghosts at Westminster, by Fred Myron Colby 307

The Hall of Memory, by L. J. H. Frost 321

The Inevitable, by Frank M. Beverly 27

The Journey, by William E. Davis 457

The Passing of Summer, by H. Thompson Rich 448

The Swimming Pool, by Charles Nevers Holmes 414

The Sylph of Summer, by Bela Chapin 392

"Thou Shalt Not Kill," by Stewart Everett Rowe 71

Thoughts at Evening, by L. H. J. Forest 505

Today, by Edward H. Richards 450

To You, by Elizabeth Thomson Ordway 418

Trifles, by Hannah B. Merriam 392

Waiting, by Frances W. Tewksbury 21

Welcome Home, by Raymond H. Huse 388

Within a Room, by Harold L. Ransom 387

THE PIERCE STATUE

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVII, No. 1

JANUARY, 1915

New Series, Vol. 10, No. 1

THE PIERCE STATUE

On the twenty-fifth day of Novem-
ber last, forty-five years after the
death of Franklin Pierce, lawyer,
soldier, statesman, fourteenth Presi-
dent of the United States, and the
only son of New Hampshire to attain
that exalted position, a statue of that
distinguished servant of the people ;
erected in his honor by the state
which gave him birth, was formally
dedicated, the same having been
provided for by act of the last legis-
lature, and erected under the direction
of the Governor and Council, who
called a committee of citizens, con-
sisting of Frank P. Carpenter, Clar-
ence E. Carr, Edgar Aldrich, William
E. Chandler and David E. Murphy
into consultation and cooperation
with them in planning and carrying
out the work, which was designed and
executed by Augustus Lukeman of
New York, one of the best known
American sculptors of the present day.

For a generation at least the great
mass of the people of the State had
marvelled that no such tribute of
respect had been paid the memory of
this most brilliant son of the Granite
State; but it had always happened
that the legislature in which a move
was made to secure action in that
direction, had contained some bitter
partisan who, by factious opposition
and dilatory tactics was able to defeat
the measure, until the last legislature,
after brief deliberation, and without
substantial opposition, passed a joint
resolution appropriating $15,000 for
the purpose, and the work was carried
out as above stated.

The statue is a massive bronze
figure, standing on a pedestal of
Concord Granite, five feet square,
suitably inscribed and placed in the

rear wall of a rectangular granite
exedra, thirty-five feet by twelve with
a floor of yellow, vitrified brick, which
fronts on a line with the iron fence of
the state house yard, a section of
which, to the south of the Memorial
Arch, was removed for its accommo-
dation. It represents President
Pierce in an easy and graceful stand-
ing position, in civilian's dress, but
with a military cloak over his shoul-
ders.

The likeness is pronounced excel-
lent by those who remember the face
and figure of the President. The
inscriptions on the four sides of the
pedestal, epitomizing the career of
General Pierce, civil, military and
professional, were mainly suggested
by Judge Aldrich, and, although ex-
tended— as such a remarkable career
necessitates, are most comprehensive.
They are as follows:

On the east side, or .front —

FRANKLIN PIERCE

FOURTEENTH

PRESIDENT

OF THE

UNITED STATES
On the north side —

BORN AT HILLSBOROUGH, NEW HAMPSHIRE

NOVEMBER 23, 1804.

A LAWYER WHO LOVED HIS PROFESSION

AND WAS A GREAT LEADER IN IT

MEMBER NEW HAMPSHIRE LEGISLATURE

AT 25 AND SPEAKER AT 2~j

CONGRESSMAN AT 29

UNITED STATES SENATOR AT 32 AND

RESIGNED AT 37

LATER IN LIFE DECLINED THE OFFICE

OF ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED

STATES, THAT OF SECRETARY OF WAR,

THE UNITED STATES SENATORSHIP AND

THE GOVERNORSHIP OF HIS STATE.

PRESIDENT OF THE NEW HAMPSHIRE

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

DIED AT CONCORD OCTOBER 8, i860,.

The Granite Monthly

On the south side —

BRIGADIER GENERAL U. S. A.

PUKBLA

CONTRERAS

CHURUBITSCO

MOLINO DEE REY

CHAPIJLTEPEC

COMMISSIONER APPOINTED BY GENERAL

SCOTT TO ARRANGE AN ARMISTICE

WITH GENERAL SANTA ANNA

"HE WAS A GENTLEMAN AND A

MAN OF COURAGE."

ULYSSES S. GRANT

On the west side, or rear —

ERECTED BY THE

STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

1914.

By the programme,' as arranged
for the occasion, Hon. Clarence E.
Carr of Andover acted as president of
the day, Rev. George H. Reed, D. D.,
pastor of the North Congregational
Church, of Concord, as Chaplain,
and David E. Murphy of Concord as
Marshal. Hon. Oliver E, Branch of
Manchester was selected as Orator of
the day. The programme also in-
cluded an introductory address by
President Carr, following the Invoca-
tion; and addresses by Mr. Frank P.
Carpenter presenting the Statue to
the State, His Excellency Governor
Felker, accepting the same, Judge
Aldrich, ex-Senator Chandler, and
William F. Whitcher of Woodsville,
with music by Nevers' Third Regi-
ment Band of Concord.

At 11 o'clock, sharp, on the day
appointed, a procession was formed in
front of the Eagle Hotel, under the
direction of the Marshal, and, headed
by the band, and the officers and
speakers of the day, marched to the
open space in front of the monument,
where the statue was unveiled by
Miss Susan H. Pierce'of Hillsborough,
a grand-niece of President Pierce, who
was formally presented by President
Carr, who also paid a brief tribute,
immediately after the unveiling, to
the sculptor, Augustus Lukeman, who
was detained by illness. The com-
pany then proceeded to Representa-
tives Hall in the State House, where,
before an audience which filled the

hall and gallery, the. exercises were
carried out as planned.

The addresses were all admirable
in sentiment and language, eminently
worthy the occasion, but altogether
too extended, on the whole, for re-
production in these pages. The clos-
ing address by William F. Whitcher of
Woodsville, who had been the most
earnest and eloquent advocate of the
measure providing for the statue,
in former legislatures, brief, com-
prehensive and eminently to the
point, is the only one whose presen-
tation our space permits, and is as
follows :

MR. WHITCHER'S ADDRESS
The memorial today dedicated is the well-
considered tribute the state of New Hampshire
pays to the honorable service. the lofty achieve-
ments and the devoted patriotism of a dis-
tinguished son. No feature of his life and
character was more marked and prominent
than such patriotism. Patriotism is a passion
for country, and Franklin Pierce loved his
country thus and gave it his best service. He
came of sturdy Revolutionary stock, and love
of country, and devotion to its interests were
his by inheritance. This love and devotion
grew with his growth and ripened into fullness
with his ripening years.

I quote two characteristic utterances of
his, made under circumstances which pre-
clude all doubt of their thorough sincerity.
On the solemn occasion of his inauguration as
President of the United States he said:

With the Union my best and dearest earthly
hopes are entwined. . . . It's with me
an earnest and vital belief that as the Union
has been the source, under Providence, of our
prosperity to this time, so it is the surest
pledge of a continuance of the blessings we
have enjoyed, and which we are sacredly
bound to transmit undiminished to our
children.

Ten years later in the dark days of Civil
War, when the fate of the Union yet hung
in the balance, in an address made on that
memorable Fourth of July, 1863, near where
his statue now stands he said:

I will not believe that v the experiment of
man's capacity for self-government, which was
so successfully illustrated until all the Revo-
lutionary men had passed to their final reward
is to prove a humiliating failure. Whatever

America, the Glorious

others may do, we will never abandon the hope
that the "Union is to be restored; whatever
others may do, we will cling to it as the mar-
iner clings to the last plank when night and
tempest close around him.

With him Country and Union were one.
The Union he ardently loved and devotedly
served, was the Union formed by the Consti-
tution, a Constitution he regarded with rev-
erence, and the terms of which he believed
should be strictly construed. It was a
Union of sovereign states. The Constitution
gave certain broad and general powers, powers,
however, clearly defined, to a Federal Govern-
ment. All others, he firmly believed, were
retained by the states. Thus his country's
welfare depended upon a constant discrimina-
tion between the separate rights and responsi-
bilities of the states, and the common rights
and obligations of the whole people under the
general government. In a word, the country
he loved and to which he gave his life devotion
was "an indissoluble Union of indestructible
states." From this conception of Country
and Union he never swerved in word or deed
during a career in which he was often mis-
understood, often cruelly maligned. For his

course and conduct he was calmly content to
wait the judgment of later generations.

We have come upon a time when the idea
of statehood is being obscured by a cloud of
fantastic experiments under the name of a
centralized ''New Nationalism," but there
are happily indications that the pendulum
will yet swing towards a reasonable regard for
a reasonable and constitutional statehood.

Franklin Pierce had thirteen predecessors
in his exalted office of President. His suc-
cessors also number thirteen. He stands
midway in a distinguished line. He may
not have been the greatest in that line; his
star may not shine the most resplendent; but
in purity of purpose and of character, in un-
swerving loyalty to conviction, in love of
Country and Union, in steadfast devotion to
the right, as God gave him to see the right, we
may invite comparison with those who pre-
ceded him, and with those who have followed.

New Hampshire pays him honor today —
belated perhaps, but all the more emphatic
because belated. New Hampshire honors-
his memory, not impulsively or unthinkingly,
but soberly, thoughtfully, reverently. In
honoring him. she honors herself.

AMERICA, THE GLORIOUS

By Maude Gordon Roby

America, the glorious, we sing,
As to thy faithful, loving heart we cling;
Our hopes, our visions and our dreams we bring
To thee, dear fatherland.

Our swords unsheathed and mouldering with rust
All useless lie; unheeded in the dust;
For men are brothers here, and God our trust;
Oh. blessed fatherland!

While over all this peaceful country, high,
A starry bit of bunting greets the sky. —
Old Glory ! may its colors ever fly

For God and fatherland !

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, KEENE, N. H.

REV. AARON HALL

Ptistor First Congregational Church of Keene, 1777-1814

By Rev. Rodney W. Roundy

On October 17-19, 1913, the First'
Congregational Church of Keene,
observed the one hundred and sev-
enty-fifth anniversary of its founding.
In the May preceding, a granite
tablet was placed on the site of the
first meeting-house, by the Ashuelot
Chapter, Daughters of the American
Revolution. The meeting-house was
built 1736-1737, two years before
the organization of the church. The
church is now occupying the fourth
meeting-house, the original part of
which was dedicated in 1788.

On October 18, 1914, a tablet,
a cut of which appears on the follow-
ing page, was dedicated in mem-
ory of the Revolutionary pastor of
the church, whose death occurred
one hundred years ago. Joint gift
of the surviving great grandchildren
of Mr. Hall and the women of the
Home Circle of the church, the tab-
let was executed by J. and R. Lamb
of New York City and is of antique
brass with etched letters except for
the raised letters of the name. It
is placed at the right of the pulpit
as a companion to the one on the
left in memory of Rev. Zedekiah
Smith Barstow, D.D., pastor of the
church 1818-1868.

Aaron Hall was the descendant of
the Hall family of Connecticut, whose
ancestry goes back to the earliest
times of colonial history. The origi-
nal John Hall, emigrant, was de-
scended from the Halls, County of
Kent, England. The first settler, John
Hall, was born in 1584, spent forty
years of his life in New England,
dying at the age of eighty-nine. We
read of him as in Boston in 1633,
and in Cambridge and Roxbury
afterwards. On September 4, 1633,
John Hall accompanied John Old-
ham to the Connecticut River. They

reported back to the Bay towns of
Massachusetts, January 20, 1634,
and the report of their investiga-
tions on the Connecticut River led
to the settlement from Dorchester ;
of Wethersfield and Windsor, Conn.,
and from Cambridge, of Hartford,
Conn. John Hall removed his family
to the Connecticut River in 1639,
and in 1650 we find his family settled
in the midst of the extensive lands
owned by him in Middletown, Conn.
Aaron Hall was the sixth in de-
scent from John, the emigrant, and
was born in Cheshire, Conn., June

27, 1751. He was graduated from
Yale College in 1772. His diploma,
signed by President Naphtali Dag-
gett, is now in the possession of his
great-granddaughter, Miss Alice Hall,
a teacher of art, living in New York
City. Professor Dexter in his Yale
biographies, records the fact that
"Aaron Hall studied Divinity with
Rev. Mr. Foot for about nine months
in 1772-73, and was chosen to
preach by the New Haven County
Association of Ministers on Sept.

28, 1773, being then a resident grad-
uate of the college." The Mr. Foot
referred to, is the Rev. John Foot,
minister of Cheshire, and a graduate
of Yale College in 1765. That Aaron
Hall spent the next two years in
study is evidenced by the fact that
in 1775 he received the degree of
A.M. from both Yale and Dartmouth.

Griffin's " History of Keene" re-
cords the fact that Rev. Clement
Sumner, pastor of the Keene church
for the years 1761-72, a native of
the same Connecticut town as Mr.
Hall, recommended him to the church.
Mr. Hall preached in Keene as the
twentieth candidate in the five or
six unsettled years of the church's
life, succeeding the dismission of

The Granite Monthly

Mr. Sumner. He was called to the
Keene pastorate at a church meet-
ing .held December 2, 1777. Pre-
vious to the formal call of the church
there stands written in the old rec-
ord book, kept in the vaults of the
Keene National Bank, — the first half
of which is nearly all written in the
handwriting of Aaron Hall — the ac-
tion of the church at a meeting-

Wood." Following the call of the
church on December 8, 1777, in
the town meeting, it was "Voted un-
animously to give Mr. Aaron Hall,
who has been preaching amongst
us, a Call to settle in the Work of
the Gospel Ministry in This Town."
"Voted, to give Mr. Hall One
Hundred Thirty - Three pounds Six
Shillings and Eight Pence for a Settle-

Aaron Hall Memorial Tablet

called November 12. 1777. The

record is as follows:
matter of settling
conversed upon in
1. "Voted, That
13 of November be
the solemnities of

"The important
the Gospel was

Brotherly love."

Thursday the

appointed for

a day of fasting,

head of the
making the

looking to the great
church for direction in
choice of pastor."

2. "Voted, To call unto our assist-
ance the Revels. Mr. Farrow, Mr.
Brigham, Mr. Goddard and Mr.

ment, said sum to be made Equal
in Value and made good as the Same
Sum four years ago when silver
and gold passed current among us."
He was also voted eighty pounds
per annum for his salary, and this
money was to be made the equiva-
lent of gold and silver.

Maj. Timothy Ellis, Capt. Jere-
miah Stiles, Lieut. Josiah Richard-
son, Lieut. Daniel Kingsbury and
Ichabod Fisher were the committee
appointed to lay the proposition

Rev. Aaron Hall Memorial

before Mr. Hall, and to adjust the
amount of his settlement and salary
in paper money of the times. Mr.
Hall accepted the united call of the
church and settlement of the town
in a long letter dated January 17,
1778. •

His ordination and installation
was held on Wednesday the eight-
eenth day of February.

terfield, Walpole, Charlestown and
Dublin. The public exercises suc-
ceeding the decision of the council
were as follows: Rev. Mr. Hibbert
of Claremont had the opening prayer;
Rev. Mr. Olcott of Charlestown
preached the sermon; Rev. Mr. Brig-
ham of Fitzwilliam offered the or-
daining prayer; Rev. Mr. Fessendon
of Walpole gave the charge; Rev.

Rev. Rodney W. Roundy

Pastor First Congregational Church, Keene, N. H,

The church committee consisted
of Mr. David Nims, Deacon Obadiah
Blake, Mr. Simeon Clark, Mr. Ben-
jamin Hall and Mr. Daniel Kings-
bury. The churches of Windsor
and Wallingford, Conn., were in-
vited to be present by pastor and
delegate, but the season of the year
prevented their attendance. The
other churches were those of New
Ipswich, Fitzwilliam, Swanzey, Ches-

Mr. Goddard of Swanzey extended
the right hand of fellowship; Rev.
Mr. Sprague of Dublin "closed the
solemnity with prayer." Rev. Mr.
Fessendon of Walpole acted as mod-
erator, and Rev. Mr. Olcott of
Charlestown as scribe. The mem-
bers of the council were entertained
at the tavern of Lieut. Josiah Rich-
ardson on Pleasant Street now West
Street .

8 The Granite Monthly

Before Mr. Hall would accept largest Cheshire County town,

the call to the Keene church, the Nevertheless, in his writings about

church voted to do away with the New England, as the result of a

practice of the "Half-Way Cove- horseback tour a little more than

nant." Next to the Unitarian con- a century ago, President Dwight

troversy, there has been no eccle- of Yale College "pronounced Keene

siastical question which has more one of the pleasantest inland towns

agitated the life of our early New he had seen."

England churches than this "half- As a townsman Mr. Hall was both
way practice." The matter was agriculturalist and clergyman. In
happily adjusted in the Keene church the year 1782, the year of his marriage
by the vote of the church and by to Sarah Baker, the record of deeds
receiving into full membership a tells us that he purchased for forty
dozen people who had previously pounds something over an acre of land
stood in the "half-way relationship." on Pleasant, now West Street. This
Mr. Hall had evidently come into purchase was made of Josiah Rich-
full sympathy with Joseph Bel- ardson, tavern keeper, who owned
lamy's position regarding the "half- the land roundabout, even the lot
way covenant." Bellamy was a on which the original part of the
native of the same town as Mr. Hall, meeting-house was built, now the
but spent his life in the pastorate site of the Soldiers' Monument and
at Bethlehem, Conn. I have been Common. The site of his purchase
unable to establish the fact that Mr. was that of the present Thayer Li-
Hall was one of the sixty students brary. According to tradition, during
whom Joseph Bellamy prepared for his early days in Keene he lived in
the ministry in Bethlehem, though the old Cooke house, at least be-
it is quite possible he may have fore he was married, perhaps for a
been one of that number in the short time afterwards. On the land
interval between his graduation from of his purchase he built his home,
college and his coming to Keene in His descendants record the fact that
the summer of 1777. While he was the foundations were laid and the
still a college student, he must roof raised at his direction, on Fri-
certainly have come under the in- day. Thus he placed himself in
fluence of Bellamy's position on the opposition to the superstition that
"Half-way Covenant" for Bellamy's by such action his house would
pamphlets against this practice were be burned down. That he was on the
published in New Haven, Conn., side of Providence in such a course
during 1769-70, and were circulated is decisively settled by a visit to
during the years of Mr. Hall's col- 63 Castle Street where now may
lege course. be seen the main part of the struc-
So far as Keene was concerned, ture moved to its present location
Aaron Hall was the town minister at the time of construction of the
par-excellence. Resource to the cen- present Thayer Library building,
sus tables informs us that, during Only the ell part was torn down at
all the days of his ministry, Ches- the time of removal. The record
terfield, Westmoreland and Wal- of deeds indicates three other pur-
pole had more inhabitants than chases of land "in the middle part
Keene. During his life there were of the town" by "Aaron Hall, Clerk."
times when to this list there must These purchases were evidently for
be added Alstead, Dublin, Rich- tillage and pasturage and aggre-
mond and Winchester. It was not gated nearly forty acres. It is a
until the census of 1830 that Keene matter of interest that Judge New-
obtained the distinction which she comb introduced the first chaise
has since maintained, of being the to Keene and that afterwards the

Re \ Aaron Hall Memorial 9

minister followed the example of and national welfare. Whether law

the judge. and order should prevail in this

Mr. Hall was a worthy citizen, community and surrounding com-

His election to membership in the munities was a question often at the

state convention adopting the na- front. More than once, also, it ap-

tional Constitution was evidence pears that mobs of men would pre-

of that fact. The address pub- vent the administration of justice.
lished with this article reveals the In 1779
kind of citizenship that accorded
with the principles of his life. His Upon the thirty-first of May,

¥ , ^ . Appeared in Keene, at break ot day,

recognized place on public occasions A mob both bold and stout »

found good example in the Fourth

of July celebration in 1804. On Bodies of men would meet each other

that day two companies of militia n the country road to see which

under the commands of Captains should have the custody of the cannon

Chase and Metcalf escorted a pro- that traveled back and forth from

cession to the meeting-house, where Westmoreland to Walpole, and even

Mr. Hall had his part in offering the sometimes across the Connecticut

prayer, the Declaration of Inde- Ri ve r to Westminster. What would

pendence was read by Noah Cooke, be done with the Tories was an agi-

Esq., and the oration was delivered tating question when the war was

by young Phineas Cooke, the school- over . Should they have any rights of

master. He made the prayer on property they had acquired before

the solemn occasion of this town's the war was fought? Should New

mourning the death of George Wash- Hampshire adopt the national Con-

ington on February 22, 1800. stitution? What attitude should Keene

The Yale biographies, previously take toward it? Fear lest this state

referred to, state the fact that on should fail to vote for its adoption

June 2, 1803, Rev. Aaron Hall led to adjournment from Exeter

preached a sermon from Chron- to Concord, and the final vote -had

icles 19:6, at Concord, before His only the majority of ten in its

Excellency the Governor, the Hon- favor. Then there were the trying

orable Council, Senate and House questions of Keene's attitude to-

of Representatives of the State of ward the towns up and down the

New Hampshire. This sermon was Connecticut River, growing out of

published the same year and styled the controversy concerning the New

in request for publication, "A Can- Hampshire Grants. In all these

did and Patriotic Discourse." relations we may believe Mr. Hall

Mr. Hall was a good citizen, in had his continuous, quiet, manful

that he helped light the candles of influence, that ever extended in the

learning in this place. The first direction of reasonable settlement

library of Keene, called "the social of trying difficulties. It is testified

library" was kept in his house and that the whole bent of his nature

he was librarian. The Thayer li- as well as his Christian principles

brary is not the first library on the were against all tomfoolery that

present site. meant civil disorder.

Public affairs were often strained The influence of a man's citizen-
during his ministry. In the earlier ship — and of Mr. Hall this is quite
years the matters of sending soldiers true— extends beyond the years of
to the war, and of paying them out his life. His children and his chil-
of town resources, were constantly dren's children in the life of this
coming up at town meetings. The town and elsewhere rise up to pro-
town now and then had a meeting nounce good the power of his civic
to express itself on matters of state influence.

The Granite Monthly

In 1782, Mr. Hall married Sarah,
daughter of Thomas Baker, Esq.,
of Keene. Thomas Baker had moved
to Keene from Topsfield, Mass. in
1760 and built his house on the old
Boston Road — what is now Baker
Street. Some of his descendants
remain as members of the First
Church of Keene to this day.

The children of Mr. and Mrs.
Hall were Sally, born in 1783, who
married Elijah Parker; Aaron, Jr.,
born 1789, who with his name joined
to that of his cousin Timothy, stood
for the kindly interests of the best
form of merchant life, as it came
to be known throughout this county
and beyond, under the firm name of
* A. and T. Hall. Aaron Hall, Jr.,
was a man distinguished in this
community for the breadth of his
learning and the wealth of his citi-
zenship. His daughter Julia Hall
"was counted a cultivated woman,
distinguished as a teacher, and died
in Keene at an advanced age."
She lived in the home built by her
grandfather, and occupied by her
father after the older man's decease.

Two other children of Aaron Hall
were . David, born in 1786, and
Nabbv, born in 1788. These two
both died in 1790. The first Mrs.
Hall died "October 16, 1788, and two
years later Mr. Hall married Han-
nah Hitchcock of Cheshire, Conn.
There were two daughters of whom
she Avas the mother, Hannah, born in
1791, who married James Haslam of
New Ipswich, August 16, 1814, and
Nabby Ann, born 1793, and died in
Keene, October 20, 1833. Mrs. Hall
survived her husband by six years and
died in Keene, September 6, 1820.

A grandson of Aaron Hall was
Dr. Edward Hall of Auburn, N. Y.
Concerning him Dr. J. Whitney Bars-
tow of New York City says: "He was
a physician of excellent reports and
much practice in the city of Auburn.
He married Harriet Robinson, a
daughter of Rev. Dr. Israel Robin-
son, pastor for a half century of
the church in Stoddard and known
in his day as one of the first Hebrew

scholars in New England." Miss
Alice Hall, the last remaining one
of the Hall name, is the daughter
of this Auburn physician.

The last marriage performed by
Rev. Aaron Hall was that of his own
daughter Sally to Elijah Parker
a few weeks before the minister's
death. She is lovingly remembered
as a faithful Sunday School teacher.
Dr. J. Whitney Barstow says of her,
"She was the mother of a large
family of sons and one daughter. All
were prominent in professional and
social life." The daughter Mary
Morse was the wife of Joel Parker,
Chief Justice of New Hampshire,
and afterward professor in Harvard
University.

The daughter of Judge Joel Parker
is Mrs. Gertrude Parker Sheffield,
of Cambridge, Mass., who has been
very actively interested in the plac-
ing of this tablet in the memory of
her great grandfather.

A great-grandson of Rev. Aaron
Hall and grandson of Mr. Elijah
Parker is Horatio Parker, the present
distinguished composer and professor
of music in Yale University. He
was the son of Charles Edward
Parker an architect in Boston, who
designed St. James Church, City
Hall, and several residences in the
city of Keene. Horatio, another
son of Elijah Parker and Sally
Hall, was an eminent lawyer in Boston.
The oldest son, David Hall Parker,
was born in 1815. The three sur-
viving daughters, Sally Elizabeth
Parker, "Mrs. Mary Parker Wood and
Julia Ann Hall Parker, live in Passaic,
New Jersey.

AN ORATION

Delivered at the request of the Inhabitants of Keene*
June 30, 1788, to Celebrate the Ratification of the Fed-
eral Constitution by the State of New Hampshire, by
Aaron Hall, M.A., Member of the late State Constitu-
tional Convention.

The great, the important object for which
the collected wisdom of America was sum-
moned together, is at length accomplished.

My Fellow -Citizens and Countrymen:
1 congratulate you on the glorious event

Rev. Aaron Hall Memorial

which Heaven has been pleased to pro-
duce in our favor — and while we would do
honor to the labors of a Washington, a
Franklin, a Johnson, a Livingston, a Morris,
a Rutledge. a Pickney, and other political
fathers of our country, who dared to step
forth in the greatest dangers to defend
American Liberty; let us not forget our
gratitude to the King of Nations and Lord
of Hosts.

Impressed with the keenest sensibility
on this joyous occasion, I will hazard a few
thoughts on the great subject of our Fed-
eral Government. When we consider the
greatness of the prize we contended for, the
doubtful nature of the contest in the war,
the favorable manner in which it has ter-
minated, together with the establishment
of a permanent energetic government, per-
fectly consistent with the true liberties of
the people. — and this obtained in a time of
peace, a thing not paralleled in history.
I repeat it. when we consider these things,
we shall hi id the greatest possible reason
for gratitude and rejoicing. This is a theme
that will afford the greatest delight to every
benevolent mind, whether the event in con-
templation lie viewed as the source of pres-
ent enjoyment, or the parent of future
happiness.

Till this period, the revolution in America,
has never appeared to me to be completed;
but this is laying on the cap-stone of the
great American Empire; and, in my opinion
we have occasion to felicitate ourselves on
the lot which Providence has assigned us,
whether we view it in a natural, political,
or moral point of light.

The frame of government now adopted
for the United States of America, gives her
citizens rank, if not superiority among the
nations of the earth, and it has the advan-
tage of being concerted, when the rights of
mankind are better known and more clearly
understood, than in any former age of the
world. This constitution of government
contains the treasures of knowledge, ob-
tained by the labors of philosophers, sages,
and legislators, through a long succession
of rolling years, so that we have the col-
lected wisdom of ages interwoven in this
form of government.

The three branches are created and made
by the original independent sovereignty

of the people, and are so balanced as to be
a check upon each other; and after two,
four, and six years, each branch are to re-
turn into the bosom of their country, to
give an account "for the deeds done in the
body whether they have been good or evil."
It has a most friendly aspect on literature,
and opens her arms wide to extend and en-
courage commerce — lays a fair foundation
for the free cultivation of our lands, and to
alleviate the farmer, whose hands have long
been relaxed by reason of too heavy taxa-
tion — is wisely calculated to promote the
progressive refinement of manners — the grow-
ing liberality of sentiment — and above all,
the pure and benign light of revelation, and
have free course and be glorified in the
blessings of society. If therefore the citizens
of America should not be completely free
and happy, the fault will be intirely their
own, so long as they may choose wise and
good men to act at helm.

The present crisis, my fellow-citizens, is so
important, that silence would be a crime. —
Shall Britain (especially all her sons of free
and liberal minds), while she envies our
rising glory, approbate this system of gov-
ernment? Shall France, shall Holland, and
all Europe, applaud the wisdom of our con-
stitution, and we inattentive be to our pri-
vate, domestic, and national enjoyments;
while Heaven had crowned all our blessings,
by giving us a fairer opportunity for politi-
cal happiness, than any other nation has
ever been indulged with?

Perhaps some may think I am too san-
guine in my prospects. I grant it is yet to
be decided, whether this constitution will
ultimately prove a blessing or a curse —
not to the present generation alone, for with
our fate, probably will the destiny of unborn
millions be involved. I know that the wisest
of Constitutions, and even that from Heaven
itself, has been, and may again be perverted
by venal and designing men; and on this
account, I am not displeased that the Con-
sitution has been objected to, and care-
fully scrutinized by the jealous, yet honest
intentions of many of our worthy citizens;
as these things will be before Congress, as
a check upon them not to invade the liber-
ties of the people. But I will venture to
say, with confidence too. that we shall be
happy ami flourish as a Nation and Empire,

The Granite Monthly

if the following sentiments, suggested by the
great Washington; take place and prevail: —

"1st. An indissoluble union of the States,
under one Federal head.

"2nd. A sacred regard to public justice.

"3rd. The adoption of a proper peace
establishment (meaning a well disciplined
militia).

"4th. The prevalence of the pacific and
friendly dispositions among the People of the
United States, which will induce them to
forget their local prejudices and policies,
and make those mutual concessions which
are requisite to the general prosperity; and
in some instances, to sacrifice their individ-
ual advantages to the interest of the com-
munity."

These, my Countrymen, are the great pillars
on which the glorious building of our Con-
stitution depends — on which our national
character and prosperity must be supported —
liberty, that life of man, is the basis. Who-
ever therefore would attempt to overthrow
this foundation, under whatever specious
pretext, will merit the bitterest execration
and severest punishment his injured country
can inflict. However, the cup of blessing,
in a political sense, is put into our hands,
and happiness is ours, if we will make it
so, from the overturns of Divine Providence;
yet how much depends upon our conduct, I
repeat it, how much depends upon our con-
duct, whether we will be respectable and
prosperous, or contemptible and miserable
as a Nation. The best things in this im-
perfect state are liable to be perverted to
the worst of purposes.

This.is a very critical moment with America;
the eyes of Europe, and the world, are upon
us; and it is a time of political probation
with every free citizen. It is certain, that the
best Constitution, and the best Rulers, will
avail nothing to the happiness of a people,
without good, industrious and loyal sub-
jects.

It is a most important day, with America;
in my opinion as much so as it was in any
period of the war; and of the last moment,
as to our National character, for all to sub-
scribe to our Federal Government; and
though all cannot think alike, which is not
to be expected, any more than it is that we
should all look alike; yet it becomes us to
unite in the common cause as a hand of

brothers, since we are all embarked together
for ourselves and our posterity; and not-
withstanding there are some who cannot re-
joice to so high a degree, at present, on the
ratification of the Federal Government, yet
I presume to say, that their living under it
a short time, will give them to realize the
felicity that others anticipate.

Who would be willing that this should
be the ill-fated moment for relaxing the
powers of the Union, and exposing us to
become the sport of European politics, and
to be made dupes to serve their interested
purposes? Our Union, alone, must give us
dignity, power and credit abroad; wealth,
honor, and felicity at home; and without
this, it must be extremely disagreeable to
reflect that so much blood and treasure have
been encountered without compensation;
and that so many sacrifices have been made
in vain. It is a given point on all hands, I
believe, that the State of New Hampshire,
from its local situation, will be more bene-
fited than any in the Union. Who then
from a moment's reflection, could be willing
that we should exclude ourselves from the
Union, and sink into the ruins of liberty,
abused to licentiousness?

From a serious contemplation of the
above, with other weighty objects, I have
been decidedly in favor of the constitu-
tion, and have endeavored to reflect honor
upon those who placed me in a situation
to act a part in this grand affair; and who is
there, my fellow-citizens, but must have
sincere intentions for the happiness of that
country where he is born, and where he
expects to die, and leaves the fruit of his
labors to his tender offspring?

While our hearts glow with joy and grati-
tude, to the great parent of present and
future happiness, on this signal occasion,
that he has been in the counsels of the great,
and made them so unanimous in sentiment
(which to me, all circumstances considered,
is one of the greatest events America ever
experienced) .

I say while we recognize these things with
grateful souls, let us close with the earnest
prayer of General WashingtoJi, in his cir-
cular letter; — "That God would have the
States over which he presides, in his holy
protection — that he would incline the hearts
of the citizens to cultivate a spirit of subor-

Rev. Aaron Hall Memorial 13

dination and obedience to government— to demean ourselves with that clarity, humility,

entertain a brotherly affection and love for and pacific temper of mind, which were the

one another of their fellow-citizens of the characteristics of the divine author of our

United States at large — And finally that he blessed religion; and without a humble imita-

would most graciously be pleased to dispose tion of whose example in these things, we can

us all to do justice, to love mercy and to never hope to be a happy Nation."

IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN

By L. J. H. Frost

It might have been, ah! yes; if He had willed it,
Who noticeth the sparrows when they fall;

It might have been, had we not met that sorrow
Which lies in wait for all.

It might have been, if shadows had not gathered
While sunshine on our path was freely shed;

If hopes we cherished had but found fruition,
Instead of dying, leaving words unsaid.

It might have been. Leave those sad words unspoken —
Those "saddest words from tongue or pen";

Were human heart-strings never broken

Mortals would miss the patience that is born of pain.

It might have been, yet, would it have been better

If flowers had bloomed where thorns and thistles grow?

In vain we ask our hearts the question
This side eternity we cannot know.

It might have been; ah! well, we will not murmur,
The darkest night awaits a brighter morn;

We will not weep; but bid our hearts be patient
And bear life's burdens with a smile and song.

It might have been, 'tis true; but we will trust Him
Who leads us in the ways our feet have trod;

He will not chasten us forever,

And though He slay us, let us trust in God.

REV. WILLIS P. ODELL, D.D.

THE FLAG-MEMORIAL DAY SERMON"

By Rev. Willis P. Odell, D.D.*

[Delivered on Sunday, May 24, in St. Mark's Church, Brookline, Mass., before Gettysburg Post G. A. R., of
Boston, and C. L. Chandler Post of Brookline.]

"Thou hast given a banner to them
that fear thee."— Ps. 60:4?

"Here comes The Flag!
Hail it!

Who dares to drag
Or trail it?
Give it hurrahs, —
Three for the stars,
Three for the bars.
Uncover your head to it !
The soldiers who tread to it
Shout at the sight of it,
The justice and right of it,
The unsullied white of it,
The blue and the red of it,
And tyranny's dread of it!
Here comes The Flag!"

There is spur and challenge in these
martial lines. They quicken pulse-
beats and stir the patriotic heart to
high resolve. Most appropriately may
I use them to introduce my theme. I
am to speak to you this morning about
the Flag— our Flag — the Flag of our
country — the Stars and Stripes of the
American Republic — the Flag we all so
ardently love and which in our enthus-
iasm we fondly call, "Old Glory."

I frankly confess to you that my
purpose in selecting such a subject
for this occasion is to stimulate zeal
for the Flag and for all it represents.
I would have you hail it, give hurrahs
for it and in its presence kindle anew
the fires of loyalty. As a part of our
religion we give this day to the cul-
tivation of patriotism.

In the closing chapter of that
fascinating volume, entitled, "The
Making of an American," Mr. Jacob
Riis, the author, describes in vivid
fashion the emotions which swept
through his soul as one day, from a
sickbed by the shore of the North
Sea, he caught sight of the American
Flag, flying at the mast-head of a
passing ship. He had been ill a long
time, far away from his family, in a
land which in boyhood had been his
home, but which he had early left to
make his fortune in the new world.
His sickness had worn upon him till
he had become depressed and sore at
heart. Suddenly, as he gazed moodily

*This address or sermon, by a distinguished clergyman and native son of New Hampshire,
was to have been published in the Granite Monthly in June last; but the publication has
been delayed by press of other matter. It is good for the present, or at any other time.

Willis P. Odell was born in Lake Village, in what is now ward 6 of Laccnia, on December
14, 1855. His father, Joseph L. Odell, was for years the local druggist and later became asso-
ciate justice of the Laconia Police Court. At fourteen years of age the son went to Tilton as
a student in the Seminary, whence he graduated in 1874. In 1880 he received the degree of
A. B. from Boston University and immediately began the study of theology in preparation
for the ministry. He joined the New England Methodist Episcopal Conference in 1882 and
went to Cliftondale, Mass., for his first charge. Along with his pastoral work he continued
post-graduate studies at the University, and in due time received from his Alma Mater the
degrees of A. M. and Ph. D. Allegheny College gave him the honorary degree of D. D. in
1895. In 1883 he was assigned to Salem, Mass., and in 1886 went to Maiden, Mass. His
next two appointments were in Buffalo, N. Y., where he remained eight years. In 1898 he
was sent to Calvary Methodist Episcopal Church in New York City, which is the largest
Methodist Church in the country. During his pastorate of six years at this important station
he raised over $240,000 and received over 1,000 persons into membership. His next charge
was the Germantown First Church, in Philadelphia. He came to his present work at St.
Mark's, Brookline, Mass., four years ago. This church is often called the Cathedral of Boston
Methodism. It is the finest of the denomination in this region. His first wife was Miss Mary
F. French of Sandown. After her decease he married Miss Eva J. Beede of Meredith, who is
well known to the readers of the Granite Monthly. She still continues to be his helper in
every good work.

The Granite Monthly

through the open window out upon
the sea, a great vessel sailed majesti-
cally by, close in shore, with the Ameri-
can Flag blown out to the breeze, till
every star and bar shone bright and
clear. Gone on the instant, he said,
were discouragement and gloom.
Forgotten were weakness and suffer-
ing, the cautions of doctor and nurse.
He sat up in bed and shouted and
laughed and cried by turns, waving
his handkerchief to the Flag. The
people about him thought he had lost
his head. But no, he said. He had
not lost his head. He had found it
and his heart, too, and he knew then
that he had become an American in
truth. And he thanked God, and
"like unto the man sick of the palsy,
arose from his bed and went home
healed."

The martial poem and the experi-
ence of Jacob Riis go hand in hand.
The Flag is an inspiration, an invig-
oration, a quickener of life. For
many years it has been casting a
mighty spell over increasing multi-
tudes. Cheers and tears and quench-
less ardor have come because of it.
It has set the blood coursing swiftly
through the brain and heart of millions
and led the way to many valiant
deeds.

But why such potent influence?
What secret explains its extraordinary
power? The Flag! It is a bit of
bunting, a flash of color, a picturesque
decoration, looking well at mast-heads
and above assemblies, but still simply
a product of the weaver's art. In-
deed, is that all? By no means.
The Flag is a symbol, an emblem, an
ensign. It has a history behind it.
It is a recognized representative of
sturdy facts. It is a pledge of things
to come. Before it there is a future.
Men yet unborn are to carry it as
those long dead have marched be-
neath it. It is an embodiment of
purpose, a revelation and a prophecy.

That we may appreciate the better
the Flag we today salute, let me
briefly set before you some important
considerations.

I. In the first place this Flag re-
minds us of a glorious history. It
was born in a mighty struggle for
human rights. That was an epochal
hour in the life of the world when the
American Colonies arose against in-
justice and tyranny. The Declara-
tion of Independence marked the
beginning of a very brave enterprise
of human courage. It was a challenge
to what was at that hour the greatest
power on earth. The men who signed
it had no adequate resources for war.
They pitted themselves against a
nation fully equippedin experience and
arms and wealth for great military
operations. But with a sublime con-
fidence in the justice of their cause
they dared to make the fight. The
Flag was evolved to stand as the
symbol of their lofty purposes. At
Saratoga and Monmouth, at the Cow-
pens and at Yorktown, the patriot
host wrought with such soldierly
effectiveness as to conquer an honor-
able peace and win for their new
Republic an established place among
the nations of the earth.

The fiery baptism to which the
Flag was subjected in 1812 brought
further glory to its defenders. Perry
and Hull and Biddle sailed the high
seas with their colors nailed to the
mast-head and by their valorous
deeds compelled a recognition of
American Naval power. In six
months' time they and their asso-
ciates took into port 300 English
merchantmen with 3,000 prisoners
of war. Out of the smoke of a vic-
torious battle on Lake Erie the
memorable report, which long thrilled
the nation's heart, was sent to Wash-
ington, "We have met the enemy
and they are ours." It was during
this period that Francis Scott Key, a
prisoner for the moment on an English
vessel in Chesapeake Bay, wrote the
lines which were quickly caught up
to become a National Anthem. In
spite of all the enemy could do, Fort
McHenry remained untaken, the Flag
was "still there" when the fierce
cannonade ceased, and the victory

The Flag — Memorial Day Sermon 17

inspired the patriot author to proph- second place extraordinary present

esv - conditions. It floats today over a

"Then conquer we must, when our cause it va st territory which Mr. Gladstone

\n] + Kfi ust ' ct r, j- one time, very truthfully, said, pro-

shall wave est continuous empire ever established
O'er the land of the free and the home of by man." The forefathers, who came
the brave. " to Massachusetts Bay. gave it as their
The American soldier fully main- opinion that population was never
tained his reputation in the War with likely to be very dense beyond New-
Mexico. If the authorities at Wash- ton. Tne founders of Lynn, after
ington did not reveal a high order of exploring the land west of them for
statesmanship in precipitating the about fifteen miles, declared it their
conflict, the men at the front gave a conviction that people would never
good account of themselves as cham- fin ^ it worth while to settle any
pions of the flag. Sent on an errand further in that direction. For many
of conquest, they did their work well, years there was no adequate appre-
Monterey and Buena Vista saw ciation of the possibilities in the in-
courage unsurpassed, and at Molino terior of the country and only the
del Rey and at Churubusco the vaguest notion of what existed in
American army rendered splendid the transmissouri region. But now
service. General Grant, in his Me- our continental area in the forty-eight
moirs, said that after nearly forty states is 2,970,000 square miles, giving
years, in looking back upon the cam- us a territory eighteen times as large
paigns there, it appeared to him that as Spain, thirty-one times as large as
the generalship was well nigh perfect Italy, and sixty-one times as large as
and that the conduct of the troops England and Wales. And when to
was all that could have been desired, this is added the 600,000 square miles
The Civil War put a supreme test of Alaska and the 125,000 more of
upon loyalty. Those were dreadful Porto Rico, Hawaii, Guam, Panama,
days which followed the attack on and the Philippines, it is apparent
Sumter. Major Anderson was forced that in physical proportions we have
to pull down his flag Was the become indeed a mighty nation,
defeat final and the Union to be de- On this broad expanse an immense
stroyed? An embattled host of heroes population has now been gathered,
poured forth from every walk in life When the fathers cut loose from
to defend the national standard. By England they numbered onlv three
the bloody sacrifices they made at millions. Today in New York City
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, Mis- alone five million persons dwell,
sionary Ridge, Cold Harbor and Beyond the wildest dreams of the
Petersburg they proved their devo- m ost sanguine founders of the Re-
tion to native land and won for public has been the growth of the
themselves enduring honors. nation. Our present continental pop-
Fresh in mind, as but of yesterday, ulation is one hundred millions, while
are the battles of Manila Bay, San- ten millions more reside in the islands
tiago and San Juan Hill. As Admiral under our sway. Spain has a popu-
Schley said, there was glory enough lation of eighteen millions, Italy
to go all around. thirty-two millions, France thirty-
Oh, it is a glorious Flag, with a ni ue millions, Great Britain forty-five
history behind it of which every millions, Germany sixty millions. We
patriot may well be proud, a Flag have one hundred and ten millions
made resplendent by the immortal Of all the western nations it thus
deeds of many noble men. appears we have become numerically
11. lnis Hag represents in the far and away the largest

The Granite Monthly

Along with these conditions our
wealth has outrun all anticipations.
When Thomas B. Reed was Speaker
of the National House of Represen-
tatives the annual governmental ap-
propriations for the first time reached
one billion dollars. Some adverse
criticism was aroused at the expendi-
ture of such an enormous sum. Mr.
Reed replied that this was ''a billion
dollar country." He was correct.
It is a billion dollar country and then
some more. No nation, ancient or
modern, can be put alongside our own
in accumulated possessions.

When Ave come to undeveloped
treasures anything like a truthful
statement seems like a Munchausen
yarn. During the Civil War Bishop
Simpson delivered a lecture in Wash-
ington, D. C, on the wonderful re-
sources of the American people. It
was a brilliant effort and elicited
tremendous applause. Lincoln was
present and listened with eager at-
tention. At the close he highly
complimented the speaker but ven-
tured one suggestion. He said,
"Bishop, you did not strike the ile."
Simpson was quick to see the point.
"True, Mr. President, I did omit oil
but I will not do so again." The
next time he delivered that lecture
the value of the oil fields, just coming
to attention, was eloquently pre-
sented. But neither Lincoln nor
Simpson had any adequate vision of
a Rockefeller fortune or the amazing-
future of oil production. And then
who dreamed of the riches in Alaska?
The territory was not purchased until
1867. Seven million two hundred
thousand dollars were paid for it.
Already it has brought to our people
$500,000,000 in mines, fisheries and
furs, and we are only approaching
the beginning of its development.
The value of the coal stored away
beneath its hills and mountains has
not till recently commenced to dawn
upon our officials.

The possibilities in irrigation and
the reclamation of unused lands in
all the states and territories is another

matter still in its infancy. It appears
that it is altogether feasible for the
United States of America to support
a thousand million people, who shall
be rich and happy in an abundant
material civilization.

And over all this Old (Horn floats
as the representative of national
greatness. There is but one banner
today recognized in all this wide
stretch of land by this vast aggrega-
tion of human beings, and that is the
Flag we honor here this hour.

III. In the third place this flag
stands for high ideals. The Declara-
tion of Independence took lofty
ground. It insisted that all men had
an inherent right to "life, liberty and
the pursuit of happiness." Its vig-
orous arraignment of tyranny and its
stalwart defeiice of freedom marked
a splendid advance in national spirit
and purpose. The Flag went forward
as a pioneer in the realm of popular
government. It stood from the first
for the fundamental proposition that
a just administration of civil affairs
can rest only on the consent of the
governed and that taxation without
representation must be resisted to the
last. Proudly through all its history
has the flag championed these ideals.

The Emancipation Proclamation
reached a similarly lofty plane. Its
defence of the rights of man was like-
wise virile. It lifted the conflict
with the South out of all sordidness
and gave to it an ethical form which
put the North absolutely on the side
of righteousness. Said Wendell Phil-
lips, "Cannon think in the nineteenth
century." When it became clearly
recognized that the War had become a
struggle for human liberty all the
pent up reserves of moral purpose in
the loyal states wheeled into line and
the success of the Union arms was
assured. Slavery must cease. That
was the continent-wide resolve. The
Flag, committed to the liberation of
the bondman, became the holy ori-
Hamme of a righteous crusade before
which mercenary selfishness inevitably
went down in defeat.

The Flag — Memorial Dan Sermon

One day the piteous cries of a long
suffering people, crushed beneath the
iron heel of a system devised in
avarice and wrought out with cruelty,
came into the ears of the American
public. Good heed was given to the
appeal. It was found that a policy
of extermination was in operation at
our very doors. In the interests of
pleading humanity and with a definite
publication to all the world of absolute
personal disinterestedness, the Amer-
ican Nation bared its right arm for
justice and bade the butcher Weyler
and the Government behind him move
out and off the Western Hemisphere.
The Spanish War came with its brief
but glorious record. The Flag went
to Cuba in the name of righteousness.
There was no confusion in the issue.
That barbarities might cease and the
oppressed go free the conflict was
fought to a successful termination
under "Old Glory's" stainless stars.

IV. In the fourth place this Flag is
pledged today to give protection to
all who put themselves beneath its
ample folds. It is the fixed purpose
of the American people to deal justly
with everybody. No notion is more
firmly wrought into the policy of this
Republic.

General Grant, in his last Virginia
campaign, stopped one day for re-
freshment at a stately mansion, whose
men were with the Confederate Army.
The mother of the household did not
recognize her guest but was quite
moved by the courtesy shown her
and the earnest effort made to allay
her fears of personal harm. She
acknowledged that she was in mortal
terror of the Northern soldiers and
especially of their chief. When the
party was about to leave, she said,
"I wish you would remain here until
the Federals have passed and particu-
larly till Grant gets bj 7 ." "I assure
you that you have nothing to fear,
Madam," was the reply. ''I am
General Grant. I will put a guard
here to protect you from all intrusion."

The incident was characteristic.
The great general correctly inter-

preted the spirit of the American

government and the function of the
Flag. It exists by will of a free people
to give protection to the defenceless.

It should never be forgotten that the
the Flag is definitely committed to
the establishment of law and order.
When Taylor entered Monterey in
1846, he at (face quieted the appre-
hensions of the residents there by
assuring them that no looting nor
robbery would be permitted while he
remained and that private property
would be sacredly respected. When
Scott reached Mexico City in 1847 ; he
made it his first business to restore
' order. With strong hand he repress-
ed all violence. When Fletcher a
few days ago landed in Vera Cruz he
immediately devoted himself to calm-
ing the town. In a very brief time
confidence was restored and business
went on as usual.

It can not be too distinctly em-
phasized that the American Flag-
guarantees opportunity for the pur-
suit of chosen callings unmolested.
This is the land of the fair chance.
Roosevelt's favorite phrase of the
"square deal" is in exact accord
with the genius of our institutions.
It is the vigorously declared purpose
of the people, who are the real sover-
eigns here, to put an end to injustice
and to see that the rights of all persons
are held in an even balance, through-
out all our territory. And the Star
Spangled Banner is the emblem of
this equitable policy. It proclaims,
wherever it goes, to all who look upon
it, that its mission is to defend the
weak and helpless and establish peace
with righteousness.

V. Now what attitude ought we as
American citizens to take toward a
Flag having such a history and stand-
ing for such lofty ideals? Can there
be any question in any mind this hour?

At the great Gettysburg Reunion
last July, celebrating the fiftieth anni-
versary of that memorable battle,
veterans of both armies met in fra-
ternal fellowship under an amazing-
wealth of flags. The red. white and

The Granite Monthly

blue were everywhere. One old vet-
eran in gray, with bared head, point-
ing to the glorious sweep of color, said
reverently, "That is my Flag, the
Flag of my fathers, the Flag of my
country, my children's Flag forever.
God keep it in the skies. "

That is precisely the attitude every
loyal citizen should 'take. Hearts
should go out in love toward it and
prayers should be sincerely offered in
its behalf.

During the night, following the
battle at Stone River, General
Rosecrans came to General Thomas,
who was asleep, and awakening him
said, "Thomas, will you protect the
rear during a retreat to Overhall's
Creek?" Though only about half
awake, Thomas, with solid emphasis
which admitted of no misunderstand-
ing, answered in sonorous voice,
"Rosecrans, this army can't retreat."
Then he turned over and went to
sleep. And the army did not retreat
but the enemy did.

It was this same sturdy Thomas,
plucky fighter, ignorant of fear, to
whom General Grant telegraphed,
"Hold Chattanooga." And Thomas
wired back, "Will hold Chattanooga
till we starve." That was the spirit
which makes heroes. Every one who
knew Thomas appreciated the mean-
ing of his reply. He would hold the
town or die in the attempt. With
him loyalty was a passion which mas-
tered all his energies.

For love of country no sacrifice
should be considered too great.
Every citizen should hold himself in
readiness to give his best. The Flag
ought to be able to command instant
and loyal support from all.

As Farragut swept up the Missis-
sippi, past the Vicksburg batteries,
Lieutenant Cummings had one of his
legs shot away and was in a very
serious plight, but he refused to be
carried below for treatment. Cheer-
ing on his brave tars, he cried, "Get
the ship by the batteries, get the ship
by, boys, and they may have the
other leg." Ah, what instances of

glorious devotion to country have
been witnessed through the years.

Yonder on Beacon Hil) in our State
House, where are gathered the re-
mains of many battle-flags, there is
one nearly bare pole. It was carried
at the assault on Fort Wagner at the
head of a negro regiment. The color-
sergeant was severely wounded but
would not give up his task. As he
staggered out of the fearful tempest,
holding high the staff from which
nearly all the flag had been shot off,
he cried again and again in jubilant
delight, "It did not touch the ground,
boys, it did not touch the ground."
Of course it did not touch the ground.
There was -valiant loyalty and sturdy
resolve upholding it. Nothing but
death could have struck it down.

Have we such invincible courage?
Why not? It is our Flag. Under it
we have protection. By it we are
given privilege. With it opportunity
continues. So long as it is sustained
by patriotic devotion that long shall
a free people's best interests be con-
served.

Have you been comforting your-
selves with the notion that the days
of strenuous obligation are passed and
that no great demands for sturdy
service are likely to be made in the
future? Do not deceive yourselves
with false ideas. The truth is we are
living in troublous times. The unrest
in Colorado and in Mexico are symp-
tomatic. An awakening democracy
is coming to a consciousness of power
and is bestirring itself, not always
wisely or with best ideals, but ever
with increasing energy.

Benton said to Sumner, when the
latter was first elected to Congress,
"Young man, nothing important will
happen in your day. It has all
happened." What a speech and that
only a few years before the Civil War !
In our own time anything may happen
any hour. Are we at War with
Mexico? Have we permanently qui-
eted belligerent miners? Has the
last move been made by rampant
socialists?

Waiting

Of this much we may be sure.
There is always need of a distinct
sense of patriotic obligation. No
nation can long endure whose citizens
are not keenly alive to personal re-
sponsibility for the defence of the
national honor. The Flag must be
upheld. Law must be enforced.
Order must be maintained.

One evening in 1861, when the com-
mander of Fort Pickens had reason
to believe that an attack might be
expected from the rebels at any
moment, he called his officers about
him and said, "Gentlemen, you all
hold commissions from the President
and I have a right to expect that in the
coming storm you will all be loyal,
but before the battle begins, for our
mutual encouragement, I desire to
know from each one of you just what
your attitude is, and so I propose that
we renew our oath of allegiance to the
government." That was good. And
as each one pledged himself anew to
the defence of the Flag there was an

increased sense of comradeship and
courage.

We must not allow ourselves to be
stampeded into unreasoning frenzy.
War is to avoided by all possible
means, consistent with righteousness
and honor. But we must be prepared
to uphold the Flag and all for which it
stands, whatever the cost may be. I
propose a renewal of allegiance. As
American citizens, proud of our his-
tory, conscious of our responsibility,
let us pledge ourselves anew to stand
by our colors.

"Here comes The Flag!
Cheer it!
Valley and crag
Shall hear it.
Fathers shall bless it,
Children caress it.
All shall maintain it,
No one shall stain it .
Cheers for the sailors
That fought on the wave for it!
Cheers for the soldiers
That always were brave for it !
Tears for the men

That went down to grave for it! —
Here comes The Flag!"

WAITING

By Francis W. Tewksbury

I am sitting in the twilight,
And the wind is moaning low,

And I'm thinking of the, dear one,
One who left me long ago.

Tender memories cluster round me,
Thoughts of happy days gone by,

When the world was bright before me,
And the love light in her eye. '

Chill the night is closing round me,
And the bird has found its nest,

And the weary heart is waiting
For the homeland and for rest.

Dunbarton, N. H.

On the banks of that dark river,
Where the boatman plies the oar,

There my loved one will be waiting,
She will meet me on the shore.

IS MARRIAGE A FAILURE?

By MarillQ M. Richer *

Under the old common law I think
it came very near it, but such women
as Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn
Gage and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
have done much to improve the con-
dition of woman in the state of
matrimony, and I hope that New
Hampshire — -one of the thirteen
original States — will soon revise and
improve her laws and give to all her
citizens equal rights, equal opportu-
nities and equal compensation. Under
such a government as that marriage
would be a success. It is the old
common law idea that the husband
and wife are one, and that the husband
is the one, that has caused so much
unhappiness in the "marriage rela-
tion." One of the most prolific
sources of unhappiness lies in the fact
that wives must ask and husbands
give money. It is a humiliating con-
dition that will prevent any feeling of
independence or liberality on the part
of the wife. How many wives are
there who can ask a husband for five
dollars without having him say "What
do you want to do with it?" or "Where
is that dollar and a half I gave 3^ou day
before yesterday? " I know a woman,
a friend of mine who literally never
has any money. Her husband is
rich, his credit excellent, but all
articles are bought at stores where
bills are run up to be paid off twice a
year. There is a carriage for her use,
an elegant house for her residence,
but not one dollar passes through her
hands that are kept in an idleness
that she would gladly exchange for
some honest toil that would give her
a few dollars of her own. Ask the
dressmakers and milliners how the
wives of many rich men pay their

* Mrs. Rieker, who was the first aggressive woman
suffrage champion in New Hampshire, and the first
woman to be admitted to the bar in the State, and that
after a long contest, gave this paper as a lecture, or ad-
dress, in several different States, more than thirty
years ago.

bills. If you should be truthfully
answered you would be shocked
Marriage in law is a "civil contract;"
it is a partnership and all partnerships
should be protected by law as other
contracts are. Law should secure
rights and punish injustice. But my
wife is "supported," many men will
say. In many instances that is a
false and fallacious term. When I
was in California I visited a mining
camp. In the camp one man is
always elected to do the cooking,
usually "by lot," but the cook shares
equally in all the partnership gains.
Go tell that man cook that he is
supported and he would probably
reply with his shotgun! Yet the man
cook cares for no children, does no
sewing and the washing is an individ-
ual affair, done every Sunday morning
in the nearest stream. Every woman
who labors in her own family is en-
titled to a housekeeper's wages. Yet
how few women are given twenty
dollars per month to do as they please
with. Under the common law and in
many of the states today the husband
can select the home and locate it
where he pleases, irrespective of
physical or moral surroundings — no
matter how repugnant to the wife's
taste or business judgment. Yet if
she refuses to go with him she has
"abandoned" her husband and he is
no longer responsible for her support;
the law gives the custody of the chil-
dren to him as head of the family and
she cannot control a dime of com-
munity property. I often hear men
and women say no man will use this
power. True no good man will, but
bad men do use it and this remnant
of barbarism should be swept from
our laws and the woman suffrage
broom can do it more effectually than
anything else. In many states a
wife cannot give her children a cent of

Is Marriage a Failure/

community property, though she may
have earned it all. A wife's debts,
made before marriage, cannot be
collected from common property,
hut a husband's can. As a wife she
has no more status in the civil law
than the cow in the pasture. How
can marriage be a success when such
laws "obtain?" Under the old com-
mon law, and in many of the States
today, when a man asks a woman to
marry him, it amounts to just this:
I want you to become my partner
for life — I to be senior partner and
head of the firm; you, to do as I direct
and live as I choose, never to go away
without my knowledge and consent,
while I am to have absolute freedom
of action; you to devote your best
energies, your talents, and your
powers to such duties as I shall indi-
cate, in return for which I will give
you your board and lodging and
occasionally a suit of clothes, but no
salary whatever! What would one
man say to another if such a
proposition were made to him? I
fancy there w r ould be some emphatic
language heard, to use a mild term.
Yet just such partnerships women
are constantly forming — giving up
their whole lives to men in return for
a mere support and no legal title to
the joint earnings of the copartner-
ship.

It may be interesting to see the
status of woman as far as her claim to
the public lands are concerned. Un-
married women, widows, maidens and
deserted wives, who are over the age
of twenty-one years, are entitled to
all the rights, privileges and benefits
under the homestead laws that can be
enjoyed by men. The mother of a
living child or children whether
widow, deserted wife, (or unfortunate
single woman), may acquire title to
land as the head of a family, though
under the age of twenty-one. Widows
of deceased entrymen succeed to the
rights of their husbands and may make
final proof and take title in their own
names. The widow of a person who
served ninety days or more during the

war of the rebellion in the United
States army, navy, or Marine Corps
and died without making an entry
may make an entry the same as her
husband, if living, might do, and in
making final proof receive credit in
lieu of residence on the land for the
period of the husband's service, not to
exceed four years. So you see in the
eye of the law it is better to be a
widow than a wife! Are these things
conducive to making marriage a
success?

What is woman's position today?
In many states we have woman dis-
franchised, with no voice in the gov-
ernment under which she lives, denied
until recently the right to enter col-
leges or professions, laboring at half
price in the world of work; a civil code
that makes her in marriage a nonen-
tity; her person, her children, the
property of her husband. In ad-
justing the institution of marriage
woman has never yet in the history
of the world had one word to say.
The relation has been absolutely es-
tablished and perpetuated without her
consent. We have thus far had the
man marriage. He has made all the
laws concerning it to suit his own
convenience and love of power.
Women have quite as much interest
in good government as men and I fail
to see why the}' should be excluded
from the ballot box. We hear that
"Governments derive their just pow-
ers from the consent of the governed. "
A republican form of government is
said to be of and by and in the interest
of the people, but is it? It seems to
me to be an aristocracy of sex and I
think it the meanest aristocracy in the
world. If taxation without repre-
sentation was tyranny before the
revolutionary war, and it is generally
conceded to have been one of the
great causes of the war, it is tyranny
today. Women are taxed under the
laws, are put into the prisons and are
hanged under the laws, and they
should have a voice in making them.
In other words if women are citizens
they should have all the rights and

The Granite Monthly

privileges of citizens. If they are not
citizens, what are they? On my way
home from a trip not long since I
heard one woman say to another in
the cars, "I have all the rights I want."
I involuntarily turned and said to
her, — "if you are a married woman
have you the right to control your own
earnings? Have you a right to will
away any part of the community
property? Have you the right to the
guardianship of your children?" In
many States of this Union women
have not these rights. Have you
ever been a teacher and expected to
work beside a man, equal work and
equal time, he to get eighty dollars
per month and you forty dollars? If
so, how did you like it?

Disfranchisement is not the only
cause of the distress of working
women, nor will giving them the ballot
immediately set all things right, but it
will be a great help in that direction.
The ballot does not make men happy,
respectable, rich nor noble, but they
guard it for themselves with sleepless
jealousy. Why? Because they know
it is the golden gate to every oppor-
tunity, and precisely the kind of
advantage it gives to one sex it would
give to the other. It would arm it
with the most powerful weapon known
to political society. It would main-
tain the natural balance of the sexes
in human affairs and secure to each
fair play within its sphere.

Under the common law a husband
could whip his wife, give her moderate
correction, in the same moderation
that a man was allowed to correct his
children. If the husband killed his
wife it was the same as if he had killed
a stranger, or any other person, and
he was hanged; but if the wife killed
the husband it was considered a much
more atrocious crime, — it was trea-
son and she was condemned to the
same punishment as if she had killed
the king and her punishment was to
be burned alive. Under the common
law all women were denied the "bene-
fit of clergy," and till the third and
fourth William and Mary they re-

ceived sentence of death and were
hanged for the first offence of simple
larceny, however learned they were,
merely because their sex precluded the
possibility of their taking holy orders,
though a man who could read was for
the same crime subject only to burning
on the hand and a few months' im-
prisonment. Under the common law
a son though younger than all his
sisters was heir to all the real property.
A woman's personal property by
marriage became absolutely her hus-
band's which at his death he could
leave entirely away from her and the
husband was absolutely the master
of the profits of the wife's lands during
the marriage, and a husband could be
tenant by curtesy of the trust estates
of his wife, though the wife could not
be endowed of the trust estates of the
husband.

The Revised Statutes of the United
States, Chapter I, Section I, says:—
"Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress
assembled. In determining the mean-
ing of the revised statutes or of any act
or resolution of Congress passed subse-
quent to February 25th, 1871, words
mporting the singular number may
extend and be applied to several per-
sons or things; words importing the
plural number may include the singu-
lar; words importing the masculine
gender may be applied to females;
the words insane person and lunatic
shall include every idiot, non compos,
lunatic and insane person; the word
'person' may extend and be applied
to partnerships and corporations and
the reference to any officer shall in-
clude any person authorized by law
to perform the duties of such office
unless the context shows that such
words were intended to be used in a
more limited sense; and a requirement
of an oath shall be deemed complied
with by making affirmation in judicial
form."

The Revised Statutes are liberal,
and it seems to me that we can truth-
fully say there is no gender in brain,

7s Marriage a Failure? 25

and it is high time to do away with band and wife were one person — that

the silly notion that there is. Every is, the very legal existence or being of

student of English law knows that the woman was suspended" during the

statutes imposing penalties are to_ be marriage, or at least was incorporated

strictly construed, so as to exclude and consolidated into that of the

every body and thing not within their husband. How could marriage be a

letter. Statutes creating privileges, success?

conferring benefits, are to be liberally But if marriage was a failure under

construed, so as to include every the common law it was worse than

person within the reach of their spirit, that under the canon law. According

I think we have reached a period to church teaching woman was an

when women are to have the benefit afterthought in the creation, the

of both these rules to correlate each author of sin and in collusion with

other. Satan and in no form of popular reli-

As a more striking and frequent gion has woman ever been indebted
occurrence of the masculine form I for one pulsation of liberty. I was at
refer to the criminal code of the Salem, Mass., not long ago and in
United States, and some of the many looking over the old documents con-
curious uses of the words "he, him, cerning witches one peculiar thing was
and his." The very first section noticeable: that is, its victims were
limits the punishment of treason ex- chiefly women; few wizards were ever
clusively to males unless he can be heard of. Speaking of witchcraft,
construed to mean she (Sec. 552, Rev. Lecky says the Reformation was the
Stat. Page 1041), and a woman who signal for a fresh outbreak of the
commits perjury cannot be punished superstition in England; and there as
unless "he" means "she," for the stat- elsewhere, its decline was represented
ute declares that "he "shall be pun- by the clergy as a phase of infidel-
ished and says nothing about her. ity. In Scotland where the ministers
Still I've heard a woman sentenced to exercised greater influence than in
five years at hard labor for perjury. any other country, and where the

It is a matter of history that witch trials fell almost entirely into
women have filled and still do fill the their hands, the persecution was pro-
various classes of post offices in the portionally atrocious. Probably the
republic, but how can they unless ablest defender of the belief was
"he" means "she?" No woman was Glanoil, a clergyman of the English
ever known to escape a criminal Church; and one of the most influen-
statute because its language ignored tial was Baxter, the greatest of the
her sex. Shall there be more than Puritans. It spread with Puritanism
one rule for the construction of all into the new world and the executions
our statutes on this important point? in Massachusetts form one of the
Shall the word "he" include woman darkest pages in American history.
in one set of laws and exclude her in The greatest religious leader of the
another, or shall they all be expounded last century, John Wesley, was among
by one rule? I am aware that when the latest of its supporters. He said
a penalty is imposed masculine pro- that giving up witchcraft was giving
nouns mean women also. When a up the Bible.

benefit is offered or a privilege be- Scepticism on the subject of witches

stowed man alone in most instances first arose among those who were

is meant by them. In other words least governed by the church, ad-

"she" is included for penalties and vanced with the decline of the influence

disabilities, excluded from favors and of the clergy, and was commonly

privileges. I contend for the one branded by them as a phase of in-

rule for all without fear or favor, fidelity. Lecky in his "History of

But under the common law the hus- Rationalism" and his "European

The Granite Monthly

Morals" gives facts sufficient to con-
vince any woman of common sense
that the greatest obstacle in the way
of the freedom and elevation of her
sex has been and is the teaching of the
church in regard to her rights and
duties. Women have ever been the
chief victims in the persecutions of
the church, amid all its dreadful
tragedies, and on them have fallen the
heaviest penalties of the canon law.

In reading the History of Boston
from its settlement in 1630 to the year
1770 I find that the historian, Samuel
G. Drake, said, that to deny the exist-
ence of witchcraft was to deny the in-
spiration of the Bible, and few could be
found who had the hardihood to do
it. Such were infidels in the most
objectionable sense of the word and
were in danger of personal violence.
' ' Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live, "
is good Bible doctrine. Laws were
made in those days in accordance
with the teachings of the Bible, and
I've known instances since my admis-
sion to the Bar where a good honest
reliable man's testimony was objected
to simply because he did not believe
the Bible. The clergy everywhere
sustained witchcraft as Bible doctrine
until the spirit of Rationalism laughed
the whole thing to scorn and science
gave mankind a more cheerful view
of life.

The worst features of the canon law
reveal themselves today in woman's
condition as clearly as they did 1,500
years ago. The clergy in their pulpits
teach the same doctrines in regard to
her from the same texts and echo the

same old platitudes and false ideas
promulgated for centuries by eccle-
siastical councils. The grand ideas
of Confucius, Buddha, and Moham-
med have been slowly transforming
the world from the reign of brute
force to moral power, and science has
been as slowly emancipating mankind
from their fears of the Unknown; but
the church has steadily used its in-
fluence against progress, science, the
education of the masses and freedom
for woman. Some women are allowed
to preach but what evangelical
churches ordain them? Women
work elaborate altar covers but in
many churches are not allowed to
enter the enclosures. To those not
conversant with the history of the
Christian Church and the growth of
the canon law it may seem a startling
assertion, but it is true that the
church has done more to degrade
woman than all other adverse influ-
ences put together. Young men
educated by sewing societies of women
often preach from 1st Cor. 14 chap.,
34 and 35 verses. "Let your women
keep silence in the churches, for it is
not permitted unto them to speak;
but they are commanded to be under
obedience as also saith the law." No
priest or parson has ever been instru-
mental in making a law favorable to
woman, but Susan B. Anthony has, so
women one and all, think for your-
selves and when Mona Caird or any
other person raises the question —
"Is Marriage a Failure?" you can
truthfully answer — under the common
law it came dangerously near it.

THE DYING OAK

By Charles Nevers Holmes

Dethroned at last by time's delayed decay,
Yet rooted firmly to his mossy seat,

Like aged monarch, broken, bowed and gray,
.Or patriarch who soon shall pass away,

Or mighty heart which waits its final beat,

Yon old oak lies supinely where it stood,

The king of all the wide surrounding wood,
Defying winter's blight, wind, snow and sleet,

The InevitabU 27

A sylvan giant upon massive feet,
With arms so stalwart that he deemed it pl;r

To battle gales however fierce and fleet,
And only feared the lightning's vivid ray;

Alone he dies! — His life untold, complete,

Still regnant on his throne, without defeat.

THE INEVITABLE

By Frank M. Beverly

The fleeting years had passed us by —

We were no longer young —
They'd left their impress on our hearts,

Across our path had flung
Some shadows dark of discontent.

The burdens that we bore
Were heavy, taxing utmost strength—

We scarce could carry more.

The blazing fagots from the hearth

Gave out uncertain light,
And near we sat within the warmth,

For chilly was the night ;
I thought of all the years had wrought,

Recalled the days long past;
I saw our shadows on the wall

As ghostly figures cast.

No words were spoken as we sat

Beside the fire alone;
I held my thoughts unto myself,

And so she held her own,
And though I wished that she would speak

Her inmost thoughts to tell,
Yet Silence sat between us two —

No words to break the spell.

She cast her eyes full into mine,

As once she did when young;
I knew her thoughts were just my own —

To them she gave no tongue —
She turned and looked as into space,

For I was growing old;
I knew the trend of all her thoughts

As though I had been told.

Though Youth departs, we fade in age;

Life's burdens sore we bear;
We hope that some good day we'll lay

Aside our every care,
And that beyond in fairer clime,

Where hearts ne'er beat in pain,
It will be ours to reunite

Perpetual youth to gain.

CONSOLATION

By George Wilson Jennings

The greatest trial in life that hu-
manity has to contend with is the loss
we suffer through the death of friends,
those that are near and dear to us.
In such an emergency we turn for
help to the Great Architect of the
Universe. That "He is our refuge
and strength, a very present help in
time of trouble," every one who in the
ordeal of affliction has invoked Divine
assistance can readily testify.

Second only to this source of con-
solation is that which emanates from
true and loyal friendship, each friend
to whom we confide our griefs express-
ing sympathy and often revealing to
us the path by which we reach a heal-
ing spring of comfort.

"Sympathy is the sweetest of jewels,

The rarest of all its kind,
The gem most nearly royal,
Yet the hardest of all to find."

The above thoughts were recently
borne home to the writer upon
learning of the sudden death of a life-
long friend, who experienced great
comfort in the knowledge that
throughout her entire life she had
been a source of helpfulness to others
when they had been sorely tried
through affliction. Of her it could be
said: "Her trust being in God her
faith was well founded." What conso-
lation it is to those who are left, to

look over the life of a dear departed
friend whose days had been filled with
good deeds, and who had done all
that was possible to afford material
and spiritual help to others. Such
lives are never forgotten. It was
Beecher who once said: "The greatest
afflictions have their sweetness when
shared."

This assurance we have, that just
a little later on we will have the
experience of that blessed reunion to
which we all look forward as our
greatest consolation in this life, and
the life hereafter.

"Then what raptured greetings,

On Heaven's happy shore,
Renewing servered friendships,
Where partings are no more."

But we never shall remove life's
pressure. We are bearers of burdens
like the ships that traverse the sea,
and to be heavily freighted is always
better than to sail in ballast, for the
weight of our burden is the assurance
of its great value.

So in life we must meet the grey
days hopefully, not mournfully, and
rejoice that we have the consolation
and assurance that it will always be
morning when we reach, "That
bourne from whence no traveller
returns."

Brooklyn, N. Y.

ODE ON SOLITUDE

By H. Thompson Rich

Troubled and ill at ease all day,
At length I rose and fled away

To the cool upper quiet
Of a hoar hill that lifted high its head
Above the plain as though wide heaven 't would wed.

There underneath the riot
Of an autumnal oak I sat
And thought of this and thought of that.

Ode on Solitude 29

So glad I was to breath the air
Of solitude, Idid not care

On what my thoughts were bent :
I thought how gorgeous seemed fair nature's gown,
How wondrous, as she walked the fall adown!

How ultimately blent
The thousand gala colors were
She wore entwined in her brown hair!

It was a gladsome sight to see
Her in her royal robery;

The very sky was glad
That Nature had put on her such array,
And smiled the autumn afternoon away!

Long could one not be sad,
Nor long have any thought of care
In company so debonair!

Yet thought I how near o'er the bay
Seemed the blue ocean of the day,

How near — how far away!
And thinking thus I looked into the sky,
Into its emptiness and mystery, —

Grim caravanserai
Of sleeping camps of stars that link
The universe . . . and dared not think!

Then, while I sat there sad, distraught,
Earth's evening miracle was wrought

And the red sun went down,
Leaving the scroll-red clouds to register
The sudden dazzling images that were

Reflected all around,
Like echoes of a martial air
Cut short — loud-ringing everywhere!

And twilight, soft with dim delight —
The very mother of the night ! —

Wrapped everything in hush:
The trees, the houses, aye, the very hills
Wore a great peace that calms withal it thrills;

A tiny meadow-thrush,
Like a swift shadow, strong and straight
Winged through the silence to its mate!

Night, with its wonderment, was here;
The deepening shades of day drew near,

To dance and disappear:
Star after star, slowly, majestically,
The fleets of heaven sailed across the sky —

And never moved! A fear
Of the Eternal leapt in sway. . . .
Troubled, I rose and fled away!

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HON. HERBERT 0. HADLEY

Hon. Herbert O. Hadley, one of the best
known and highly esteemed citizens of New
Hampshire, died at his home in Peterboro,
December, 1913.

He was a native of Peterboro. born Novem-
ber 20, 1855, but removed with his parents
to Temple, in infancy, where he was reared
and educated, and spent his life until his
return to his native town in 1909.

He was a farmer by occupation, but did
a large business as an auctioneer in the later
years of his life. He was prominent in the
Grange, and had holden most of the offices in

Hon. Herbert O. Hadley

the subordinate, Pomona, and State Granges,
having been for six years master of the latter.
He had long been a member of the State
Board of Agriculture, and was the last presi-
dent of that organization. He represented
the town of Temple in the legislature of 1895,
and was a State Senator in 1907. In 1908
he was elected a member of the board of
Commissioners for the County of Hills-
borough, and was reelected at each subse-
quent election, serving as chairman of the
board until his death. He was a Mason, an
Odd Fellow, a Congregationalist, and a
Democrat, and had often been urged to be-
come the candidate of his party for Governor.
He married, January 12, 1879, Miss Nettie
C. Benton, by whom he is survived, with one
daughter, Florence E.

FOREST E. BARKER

Forest E. Barker, born in Exeter Septem-
ber 29, 1853, died at Washington, D. C, No-
vember 21, 1914.

Mr. Barker was the son of Josiah G. and
Betsy (Kent) Barker. He graduated from
Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.,
in 1874; studied law at the Boston University
Law School, and settled in practice in Wor-
cester, Mass., where he continued to reside.
He served several years as a member of the
Worcester school board; was a representa-
tive in the General Court of Massachusetts in
1883-4, and became a member of the State
Board of Gas and Electric Light Commission-
ers in 1885, and its Chairman in 1S94,
continuing till his death, which occurred sud-
denly, while he was on a visit to the National
Capital.

Mr. Barker was a Republican, a Metho-
dist, and a prominent Mason. He married,
August 11, 1881, Flora I. Hovey of Exeter,
who survives him.

HON. GEORGE S. ROGERS
George S. Rogers, a prominent citizen of
Lebanon, died at the Adams House in Boston,
December 1, 1914.

He was a native of Plymouth, seventy-one
years of age, but spent his early life in Thet-
i'ord, Yt., removing to Lebanon in 1889,
where he acquired extensive real estate in-
terests, and recently erected a fine modern
hotel. He was a Congregationalist, a Repub-
lican and a member of the State Senate in the
legislature of 1911. He is survived by a
widow, who was Miss Angie Davis, and a
In-other, Alfred Rogers of Thetford, Yt.

OR A M. HUNTOON

Ora M. Huntoon, a prominent citizen of
Contoocook, died in that village Sunday,
November 1, 1914, at the age of seventy-
five years.

He was born at East Unity, May 1, 1893,
the third son of the Hon. Harvey and Maria-
(Morse) Huntoon, his father having been
one of the leading farmers and most active
Democrats of Sullivan County. He was edu-
cated in the public and select schools, and
studied law for a time, but finally suc-
ceeded his father on the old homestead at
East Unity, where he was engaged in agri-
culture for many years, serving also as super-
intending school committee, selectman, and
representative in the legislature in 1868 and
1869. Some twenty years ago he removed to
Contoocook, where he resided till his death,
having been for several years a travelling
salesman for Norris & Co., of Concord. He
was a Democrat in politics, liberal in relig-
ion, and a member of the Masonic fraternity.

Nt w Hampshire Necrology

COL. DAXA W. KING
Dana W. King, horn in Alstead June 29>
1832, died in Nashua November 19, 1914.

Colonel King was a son of William and
Anna (Ritchie) King, and educated in the
schools of his native town. He was employed
for a time in Boston and Detroit, but finally
located in Nashua where was his home through
life. He served in the First New Hampshire
Regiment in the Civil War, and was com-
missioned second lieutenant in Company A,
in the Eighth. He participated in the cap-
ture of New Orleans, and in Banks' Red River
expedition, and was captured by the Con-
federates at Sabin's Cross Roads, suffering
great hardship during his imprisonment.
Being exchanged he served till the close of
the war, returning as lieutenant-colonel of his
regiment.

He was elected register of deeds for the
County of Hillsborough in 1868, and held
the position for thirty-eight years. He was
prominent in Masonic and G. A. R. circles,
and was for many years treasurer of the New
Hampshire Veterans Association. He leaves
one son, William D. King of Nashua, and
one daughter, Mrs. Winifred H. Judkins.

DUDLEY L. FURBER
Dudley L. Furber, born in Northwood
August 18, 1848, died in Dover December 1,
1914.

Mr. Furber was long engaged in business as
a shoe manufacturer in Farmington, North-
wood and Dover. In the latter city he was
connected with the Merchants 'National
Bank as director and president. He was a
trustee of the savings bank, also, and a direc-
tor of the Boston & Maine railroad. While
in Farmington he served as a member of the
legislature. He was a Mason, a Knight of
Pythias and a member of the Bellamy Club of
Dover. He is survived by a widow, a brother,
William M. Furber of Manchester, and a
sister, Mrs. F. M. Knowles of Concord.

GEORGE M. ROBERTS
George Morrison Roberts, a native of the
town of Haverhill, born in 1838, died at his
home in Maiden, Mass., October 27, 1914.

He had been for many years, till about
six years ago, the New England passenger
agent, in Boston, of the Pennsylvania Rail-
road and in that capacity was long favorably
known to the business world. He was a
lieutenant in the 60th Mass. Volunteers in
the Civil War, was a member of the Loyal
Legion and G. A. R. He leaves a son and
daughter.

DR. BUKK G. CARLETON
Bukk G. Carleton, M. D., a noted surgeon
and medical author, died October 21, at his
residence at 75 West Fiftieth Street, New-
York City.

Doctor Caileton was a native of the town
of Whitefield, born November 11, 1856, and
graduated from the New York Homeopathic
Medical College in 1876. He was for a time
connected with the medical department
of New York University, and a member of
the house staffs of the Homeopathic ami
Metropolitan hospitals and of the staff of
the Department of Charities. He was for
several years demonstrator and professor of
anatomy at the Homeopathic Medical Col-
lege and was consulting surgeon of the Hahne-
mann Hospital.

He is survived by his second wife, who was
Miss Clarice E. Griffith of New York, and
three sons and a daughter. He was a mem-
ber of man}' medical and other societies,
among them the Union League Club, the
Interstate Medical Society and the Academy
of Pathological Science.

BURRILL PORTER, JR.

B'irrill Porter, Jr., a leading citizen of
North Atteboro, Mass., and a native of
Charlestown, N. H., who spent his early life
in Langdon, died October 23, 1914.

He was the son of Burrill and Susan (Gar-
field) Porter, born February 22, 1832, and
graduated from Dartmouth College in 1856,
among his classmates being the late Gov. B.
F. Prescott, Rev. Dr. Franklin D. Aver,
Judge Caleb Blodgett, and Lieut. -Gov.
William H. Haile.

After graduation he spent man}' years in
teaching. He had been principal of Canaan
and Cold River Union Academies, Mt. Caesar
Seminary at Swanzey and of high schools in
Ohio and Massachusetts, the last being that
at North Attleboro of which he wa" principal
for a dozen years, resigning in 1879, after
which he was prominent in public affairs,
serving as assessor, collector, selectman, four
years as postmaster and seven years as a
representative in the legislature. He was an
active Republican and for many years chair-
man of the town committee of that party.
He was an alternate delegate in the conven-
tion that nominated William McKinley for
President. He was for some time editor of
the North Attleboro Chronicle, and had been
Noble Grand of Aurora Lodge, I. O. O. F.,
of that place. He was a Universalist in
religion, and active in the affairs of the Uni-
versalist Church at North Attleboro.

He married Harriet, daughter of Asa H.
Carpenter of Alstead, N. H., who died a few
years after marriage. He is survived by a
daughter, Mrs. G. Fred Ball of North Attle-
boro, and a son, Asa Porter of Philadelphia,
children by a second marriage.

As a successful teacher, Mr. Porter took
high rank, and was held in great esteem by
those who had been his pupils, among the
most notable of whom was the late Col. Car-
roll D. Wright.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

The next issue of the Granite Monthly
will be a legislative double number for Feb-
ruary and March, issued early in the latter
month.

Bound copies of the Granite Monthly,
Vol. 46— New Series, Vol. 9, will be ready for
delivery in about ten days. They will be
exchanged for the unbound numbers for 1914,
for fifty cents.

The corrected list of Rev olutionary soldiers,
buried in the several cemeteries in the town
of Claremont, promised for this issue, is un-
avoidably omitted but will appear in the
next number.

Major John Proctor Thompson, U. S. A.
(retired), whose death in San Francisco, Cali-
fornia, October 13, 1914, was noticed in our
December "Necrology," was, through his
mother, a great-great-grandson of Captain
Jonathan Prescott of Hampton, N. H., who
commanded a company in Sir William Pep-
perill's regiment at Louisberg, Cape Breton,
in 1745, and lost his life there.

A delightful little volume of New England
character stories in dialect, by Eva Beede
Odell, well known to the readers of the Gran-
ite Monthly, takes its name from the title
of the first story — "Miss Prissy 's Diamond
Rings." "Eleanor Raymond's Story," and
"House Cleanin' in Sappin' Time," are the
others — all finely done, in the author's best
style, and affording a pleasant evening's read-
ing for any New England home. The book
may be had by remitting fifty cents to the
author at Brookline, Mass.

The opening of the present year brings the
customary biennial change in the State gov-
ernment, so far as the executive and legisla-
tive departments are concerned. This change
also, as a result of the November election,
involves a change in party control. The
House of Representatives, with its large Re-
publican majority, organized on Wednesday,
January 6, by the choice of Edwin C. Bean
of Belmont as Speaker, all other Republican
aspirants having withdrawn long before the
time of organization. Harrie M. Young of
Manchester, and Bernard W. Cary of New-

port were reelected Clerk and Assistant Clerk
of the House, respectively.

The Senate organized by the choice of
George I. Haselton of District No. Sixteen,
Manchester, President; Earl Gordon of Ca-
naan, Clerk, and Thomas P. Cheney, 2d, of
Ashland, Assistant Clerk. On Thursday, as
usual, the Governor-elect, Rolland H. Spauld-
ing of Rochester, was formally inaugurated,
succeeding Samuel D. Felker of the same city,
in the executive chair. In order that the
"decks" might be fully cleared for action,
and all obstacles in the way of prompt atten-
tion to business gotten out of the way during
the first week, the customary "Governor's
ball" was worked off Thursday evening.
Governor Spaulding's inaugural address was
a model for brevity and comprehensiveness,
and gave evidence of a desire on his part to
promote strict attention to legitimate busi-
ness, and no subordination of the public wel-
fare to partisan ends. The Speaker of the
House having promptly announced the com-
mittees, and there being no Senatorial elec-
tion to interfere with legislative work, the
"short session," so generally talked about,
ought to materialize, and is likely to unless a
radical, reactionary policy is adopted, in
which case there is no telling when the end
will come.

The "Great Reaper," in His "harvest of
souls," gathered in during the year just
ended a goodly number from the ranks of
our New Hampshire men of note, including
ex-Governors Chester B. Jordan of Lancaster,
and John B. Smith of Hillsborough, and Rt.
Rev. W. W. Niles, Protestant Episcopal
bishop of New Hampshire. Among others
dying during the year were Judge Robert M.
Wallace, of Milford; Col. Richard M. Scam-
mon, of Stratham, Bank Commissioner; John
T. Abbott of Keene, ex-Minister to Co-
lombia; Gen. Charles S. Collins of Nashua;
Hon. Herbert O. Hadley, of Peterboro; Hon.
Charles A. Dole, of Lebanon; Capt. R. W.
Musgrove of Bristol; Denis F. O'Connor of
Manchester; Dr. John W. Staples of Frank-
lin; Warren G. Brown of Whitefield and
Josiah M. Fletcher of Nashua. Among dis-
tinguished natives of the State, abroad, who
passed away in 1914, were ex-Lieut. -Gov.
Edwin O. Stanard of Missouri, native of
Newport; Prof. Franklin W. Hooper of New
York, born in Walpole; and Martha Dana
Shepard of Boston, born in New Hampton.

HIS EXCELLENCY ROLLAND H. SPAULDING
Governor of New Hampshire

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVII, Nos. 2-3 FEBRUARY-MARCH, 1915 New Series, Vol. 10, Nos. 2-3

THE LEGISLATURE OF 1915

By James W. Tucker

The largest legislative body in the Senate four, only, are Democrats and
world excepting the British Parlia- one a Progressive, leaving nineteen
ment and the Congress of the United Republicans, or nearly a four to one
States (which latter has recently come majority; while of 408 Representa-
into second position) namely, the New tives elected to the House — the largest
Hampshire General Court, has been number ever before chosen — 250 were
in session at Concord for eleven weeks, classed as Republicans, 153 Demo-
and the indications are, at the time crats, and five Progressives, giving a
of this writing (January 22), that not clear Republican majority of ninety-
less than three weeks, and possibly two over all, which, while smaller
more, will be required to conclude the than had been the case before for a
work of the session, making it one of quarter of a century, except in the
the longest sessions holden. since the legislature of two years ago, when the
biennial system was adopted, instead Democrats and Progressives combined
of the shortest, which latter had been outnumbered the Republicans and
confidently predicted in some quar- were able to control the action of the
ters, and ardently hoped for in all, House so far as they could agree upon
though there was, it must be con- terms of union, was naturally re-
fessed, no reasonable ground for such garded as sufficient to warrant the
hope. conclusion that the Republicans

The election in November last, in would be able to carry out any plan
this, as in some other states, had re- of action which they might agree
suited in a return of the Republican upon; and it was quite generally
party to power, and there was a nat- expected, as a matter of course, that
ural desire and purpose on the part of the work of the session would be
the leaders of that party, or some of largely devoted to the overturn of
them at least, to regain complete con- such legislation of a partisan nature,
trol and possession of all branches of as had been enacted by the preceding
the government and every depart- legislature; though up to the present
ment thereof, notwithstanding the time not so much has been accom-
famous Manchester, after-election plished in that direction as had gen-
speech of Governor-elect Rolland H. erally been anticipated.
Spaulding, who, as a representative The present Senate, on the whole,
of the progressive element of his party, ranks higher in point of average abil-
quietly supported by many afore- ity, than has usually been the case,
time Democrats, had been chosen to This comes from the presence in its
the executive chair by a plurality un- membership of several men of high
precedented in recent years, and who rank in point of ability and expe-
strongly deprecated any action by his rience in public affairs. Aside from
party based on the idea of mere party President Haselton, who is a lawyer,
advantage, alone or primarily. and has had the advantage of legisla-

Of the twenty-four members of the tive experience in the popular branch,

The Granite Monthly

Senators Martin of Concord and
Smith of Peterboro, are men of ex-
ceptional ability and large public
experience, the former being an ex-
mayor of Concord, and ex-solicitor of
Merrimack County, and one of the
most successful trial lawyers in the
state; while the latter combines with
large legislative experience a strong
legal mind and a power of logical
statement seldom surpassed. Sena-

wide experience in public life adds a
readiness in debate which has seldom
been equalled in recent days. It is,
therefore, not to be wondered that
the Senate has ideas of its own, and
has, at times, no hesitation in nega-
tiving the action of the House, as
evidenced by its prompt slaughter of
the bill passed by the House abolish-
ing capital punishment, as well as its
similar disposition of that doing away

New Hampshire State House

tor Lucier of Nashua is also a lawyer
of ability, and has had experience in
both branches of the legislature; while
Senators Cain and Kinney are young
men of legal training and public and
professional experience. Senator
Crossman, a physician of wide repu-
tation, and a student of social prob-
lems, late United States Collector of
Internal Revenue, and former mem-
ber of the House, adds largely to the
strength of the body; while Senator
Musgrove, the lone Progressive, to

with the Fast Day farce, as it is
generally regarded.

In the House, while there is a
larger proportion of new members
than usual, and fewer men of com-
manding ability than is often the case,
there are, nevertheless, quite a num-
ber of members of large legislative
experience and knowledge of parlia-
mentary procedure; as well as not a
few men fresh from the people, who
have manifested much aptitude for
legislation and no little readiness in

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

debate. French of Moultonboro is
the "dean" of the House in point of
extended service, and Ahern of Con-
cord is a close second — the one long
known as the "watch dog of the
treasury" and the other as the Demo-
cratic leader and parliamentary chief-
tain, upon whom both sides rely for
the settlement of all knotty questions

House has been divided between
Messrs. Couch and Lyford of Con-
cord, the former serving his third
successive term in the House and
also as chairman of the Judiciary
Committee, and the latter returning
after several years' absence to the
place he once held as a leading spirit
among those who direct Republican

HON. JAMES E. FRENCH
The Watchdog of the Treasury

in which no partisanship is involved.
This year, however, the active leader-
ship on the side of the minority has
passed into the hands of Major Bren-
nan of Peterboro, who enjoys the
distinction of having been twice suc-
cessively elected from one of the
strongest Republican towns in the
state, who has developed legislative
ability of a high order, and is, withal,
a forceful debater.

The Republican leadership in the

measures and movements. Both are
ready and frequent speakers, though
in oratorical force Levin J. Chase of
Ward 3, of the same city, is generally
regarded as leading all others, regard-
less of party. He it was who so ably
championed the bill for the abolition
of capital punishment in the House.
Clement of Warren, Democrat, and
Hoyt of Sandwich, Republican, are
among former members who have
been more or less prominent in the

36 The Granite Monthly

present session in committee work and as the day of caucus control has

and on the floor, as, also, is Preston passed (whether fortunately or unfor-

of New Hampton. tunately) and individual members, to

Among the new members, Duncan a considerable extent at least, insist

of Jaffrey, Democrat; Tobey of Tern- upon acting in accordance with their

pie, Progressive; and Wood of Ports- own judgment, it is manifest that

mouth and Miller of Keene, Repub- short sessions of the old-fashioned

licans, have been among the most order are no longer to be looked for.

active and conspicuous. The latter, Moreover, it has come to that, that

who is a Methodist clergyman, made there are now, practically, only about

the most effective speech against the two and a half legislative working

woman suffrage bill, introduced by days in a week, and there is no more

Mr. Wood, who opened the debate in probability of changing this order of

its support. It was Mr. Miller, also, things than there is of a substantial

who made the strongest argument for reduction of the membership of the

the repeal of the local option law, House, or a return to former methods

anomalous as his position may have in the nomination of party candidates

seemed considering his stand on the for office. "The old order changes"

suffrage question. It was another — in some respects, though not in all.

new member also — Dr. Dillingham of Whether for the better or not, it is not

Roxbury — who made the most strik- the present purpose to attempt to

ing speech of the session during the discover or determine,

suffrage debate, in opposition to the Portraits and brief biographical

measure, in which he shocked the sketches of some of the men respon-

sensibilities of men and women of all sible for the legislation enacted or

views, alike, by his sweeping and defeated by the present General

wholesale abuse of womankind in Court, are presented in the following

general and suffragists in particular, pages.

Fortunately, there is little danger

that he will ever return to the House,

as his town elects only once in ten GOVERNOR SPAULDING

years. While the Governor is the head of

While the legislature was organized the executive department, he is also a
with unusual promptitude, this year, prominent factor in legislation, as no
the election of Hon. Edwin C. Bean bill can become a law except with his
of Belmont to the speakership of the approval or over his veto.
House having been practically set-' Rolland H. Spaulding came to the
tied upon long before the time of governorship with certain well-form-
meeting, and while he has been a ulated notions as to what the state
ready and efficient presiding officer, of New Hampshire needed and with a
and has also exerted his influence in disposition to see that those needs
behalf of a short session, as has Gov- were met. He is essentially a busi-
ernor Spaulding himself, whose inau- ness man and believes that business
guration was carried out with sim- principles should be applied to the
plicity and expedition, the work of the administration of state affairs. These
session, as has been noted, has not first few months of his administration
been pushed as rapidly as had been have been devoted to putting his
hoped in some quarters and expected theories into practice and with the
in others. The delay has been largely success those who knew his capabili-
the result of counter purposes among ties best, expected of him.
the majority leaders, some being pri- Governor Spaulding was born in
marily intent upon pushing partisan Townsend Harbor, Mass., March 15,
measures, while others have regarded 1873, the youngest son of Jonas
such course as unwise and impolitic; Spaulding, a lumber operator and

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

manufacturer of fibre board. After
graduation at Phillips Andover Acad-
emy in 1893, he entered into business
with his father and two brothers.
Eighteen years ago they began the
manufacture of fibre board at Milton,
this state, and a few years later erected
large plants at Rochester and North
Rochester, still later adding another
large plant of the same sort at
Tonawanda, N. Y., all being con-
ducted under the firm name of the
J. Spaulding & Sons Company. The
Governor has lived in North Rochester
since the plant was built there.

In a general way he has been since
his majority a student of political
affairs, as any successful business
man and public-spirited citizen must
be, but his first real taste of " practical"
politics was at the legislative session
of 1907, the year when the Spauld-
ing-Jones bill, providing a charter for
a dam at Reed's Ferry intended to
develop water power for electrical pur-
poses, passed the House, but was
killed in the Senate.

His experiences at that time made
him sympathetic with the propaganda
of the Progressive element of the
Republican party and he entered
heartily into their reform movement,
working with them until the split in
1912. Then believing more good
could be accomplished within the
old party ranks, with customary in-
dependence he elected to remain and
became a leavening force, so dominant
that all factions turned naturally and
resistlessly toward him to lead back to
power the regenerated party.

His campaigns, both in the primary
and election, were characteristic of
his frank nature. Persuaded to be-
come a candidate, he made his an-
nouncement, then awaited with un-
ruffled equanimity the expression of
his party in the primary. Nominated
by a decisive majority, he buckled on
his armor and went forth to meet the
people and tell them what he stood
for and proposed to do, if elected.
His message appealed to 46,413
voters, 12,739 more than Albert W.

Noone, Democrat, was able to con-
vince, and giving Mr. Spaulding a
majority of 8,718 over all opposition.

Usually, the two months between
election and inauguration have been
employed by successful candidates
largely in recuperating from the stren-
uosities of the campaign, with more or
less desultory conferences with party
leaders and selecting statistical ex-
cerpts from reports to dull the inau-
gural message. But the dispensation
of 1915 had brought forth a different
order of governor. Governor Spauld-
ing's success in business has been due
to knowledge of that business. He
reasoned that in order to be a success-
ful governor, he needs must know the
business of being governor, and set
about learning it immediately.

So in the two months following
election he visited every state insti-
tution, dropping in upon them unex-
pectedly. A keen observer, the gov-
ernor derived much valuable informa-
tion not to be gained by reading reports
or at prearranged conferences. The
result was that when he was inducted
into office, Governor Spaulding was
the best informed executive along the
needful lines ever inaugurated.

Innovations are accepted easily by
the governor. He even had his staff
named and uniformed to heighten
the color of the inauguration and add
tone to the time-honored inaugural
ball, so that the fluffy concomitants
of a new administration, ordinarily
extending over several weeks, could
be cleaned up in one day, leaving
him free to devote his time to the
serious concerns of the state.

When he consented to become a
candidate, he mapped out a general
plan. When he took office, he had this
plan reduced to a workable basis,
which he enunciated in his address to
the legislature, instead of feeding them
up on platitudes and figures. He
told the legislators it was desirable
to keep the expenditures within the
amount the state can afford to spend
and to have efficient officials spend
that amount. To accomplish that

The Granite Monthly

end he favors concentration of power
and related duties. Governor Spauld-
ing recommended a single head to the
highway department, a more effective
board of control, consolidation of the
banking and auditing departments
and of the attorney-general and legacy
tax departments, a reorganization of
the license law department and com-
pulsory supervision of schools.

He had a commission authorized to
work out a uniform scheme of muni-
cipal finance and accounts, for the con-
sideration of the next legislature. He
recommended an amendment to the
workmen's compensation law to make
its operation as nearly automatic as
possible and forced through a practi-
cable solution of the problem of
limiting campaign expenditures; the
greater part of which varied program
has been carried out or is in process
of legislation at this writing.

Some have not met with the favor
of the legislature, but the Governor
meets defeat and victory with the
same smiles and keeps right on, seek-
ing the one end of the good of the state
as he sees it. W. E. W.

George Irving Haselton, Presi-
dent of the New Hampshire Senate,
was elected from the sixteenth sena-
torial district and on the organization
of the Senate he was the unanimous
choice of the Republican senators for
the office of president of that body.

President Haselton is the only
child of Henry I. and Emma E.
(French) Haselton and was born in
Manchester July 19, 1878. He was
educated in the public schools of his
native city graduating from its high
school in 1898, and after his gradua-
tion was for a time in the employ of
the Manchester Mills and Amoskeag
Manufacturing Company. He after-
wards studied law and in 1909 gradu-
ated from the law school of the George
Washington University at Washing-
ton, D. C., receiving the degree of

LL.B., and since his graduation he
has been engaged in the practice o,f
law at Manchester.

In 1903 he was married to Fannie
L. Trenholm, who was born in Grand
Pre, Nova Scotia, May 15, 1881, the
daughter of Robert and Catherine E.
(Mitchell) Trenholm, and they have
one child, Mary Louise, born Novem-
ber 24, 1907. '

Mr. Haselton is an attendant at
the Franklin Street Congregational
Church. He is a past master of
Lafayette Lodge, No. 41, Free and
Accepted Masons; a member of the
Mount Horeb Royal Arch Chapter;
Adoniram Council; Trinity Com-
mandery, Knights Templar; and Bek-
tash Temple of the Ancient Arabic
Order of the Mystic Shrine; also of
the Sons of the American Revolution.

As a young Republican he took an
active interest in the politics of the
Queen City and for four years, 1903-6,
was a member of the Common Coun-
cil, being president of that body
during the last two years of his term.
He was a member of the legislature of
1911-12 and 1913-14 and in 1912 was
a member of the Constitutional Con-
vention.

As the presiding officer of the
Senate, Mr. Haselton has made an
enviable record, and it is the concen-
sus of opinion that in the long line of
eminent men who have presided over
that body, efficiency and dignity have
had no better example.

President Haselton attracts con-
fidence in his stability of action and
deliberate fairness. While always a
devoted and consistent Republican,
he is well known for his advanced
ideas of party progress and has never
failed to advocate the measures of
progress that have distinguished the
Republican party of New Hampshire
in the last decade.

Future usefulness in party councils
and endeavor are freely predicted at
Concord for the popular and efficient
President of the Senate.

HON. GEORGE I. HASELTON
President of the Senate

The Granite Monthly

Ezra M. Smith, of Peterborough,
and a Republican member of the
Senate from District Number 11, is
a man of whom public life has seen
a great deal. Born in Langdon in
1838, Mr. Smith was educated at
Cold River Union Academy and in
the law department of the Albany
(New York) University. While prac-
ticing his profession as a lawyer he
has served as town treasurer for one
year, justice of the police court nine

portant judiciary committee and as a
member of the committee on towns
and parishes. In spite of his advanced
years, Mr. Smith is a most active and
well-preserved man and his speeches,
carefully delivered in a strong, robust
voice, are always welcomed and heed-
ed on the floor of the senate chamber.

Mr. Smith is married and has two
children. He attends the Congrega-
tional church and is an Odd Fellow
and Patron of Husbandry.

Hon. Ezra M. Smith

years, has been a member of the school
board for ten years and for twenty-
three years served the town of Peter-
borough as a member of the board of
selectmen. He was elected as dele-
gate to two constitutional conven-
tions and as a member of the House
of Representatives at the last six
sessions of the legislature, in which
body no man has wielded a stronger
influence for the good of the state.

During his present term as senator
he is acting as chairman of the im-

Alvin J. Lucier, Senator from Dis-
trict Number 20, has been a promi-
nent figure in the legal profession and
in Democratic politics in Nashua for
many years. He was born there June
16, 1869, and educated in the Nashua
public schools, St. Hyacinthe College
and the Boston University Law
School, graduating from the latter in
1891, since when he has been in the
practice of law in his native city,
where he is a member of the well-
known law firm of Doyle & Lucier,

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

the senior partner, who is his brother-
in-law, being ex-Mayor Jeremiah J.
Doyle.

Senator Doyle's first legis ative
service was in 1907 when he was a
member of the House of Represen-
tatives from Ward 7, serving as a
member of the judiciary and rules
committees, and taking an active part
in the work of the House. He served
upon the special committee, appointed
at this session to investigate the affair
of Hillsborough County, out of which

a minority member. Representing
his district in the Senate again the
present session, he is assigned to serv-
ice on the judiciary, revision of laws
and election committees, and is
chairman of the committee on claims.
He has taken an active part in the
work of the session, his previous ex-
perience in both branches of the leg-
islature having fitted him for efficient
service.

Senator Lucier is a Catholic, is
married and has three children. He

Hon. Alvin J. Lucier

investigation some practical reforms
resulted. He was reelected to the
House in 1809, served on the same
standing committees, and enhanced his
reputation as an efficient legislator.

In the election of 1910 he was
chosen senator from District No. 20,
and was a prominent figure in the
upper branch of the legislature of
1911-12, serving as a member of the
judiciary, labor, public improvements,
state prison and industrial school
committees, and as chairman of the
committee on revision of laws, though

is a member of the Derryfield Club
of Manchester, the Vesper Country
Club of Lowell, the St. Jean Baptiste
Society and the Knights of Columbus.

Dr. Edgar O. Crossman. Per-
haps more interest in the personality
of the members of the 1915 legislature
when the session was new, centered in
Senator Edgar 0. Crossman of Lis-
bon, representing the second district,
than in any other member of either
branch. Made a prominent figure in
the state hospital imbroglio against

DR. EDGAR O. CROSSMAN

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

his inclination and, many believe,
without reason, he had been the re-
cipient of much publicity; some fav-
orable, some not so much so. His
appointment to the superintendency
of the state hospital after Dr. Charles
P. Bancroft had been deposed by the
Board of Control, turned the wrath of
the pro-Bancroft faction against him
and made him the mark of vitupera-
tion that would have unnerved a thin-
skinned man. But Doctor Crossman
is used to the political game and if he
was hurt by the unwarranted asper-
sions on his standing as a psychiatrist,
nobody could discover it in the im-
perturbable senator who went about
his business as if his name never had
been coupled with "intricate political
intrigues" or other fantastic hallu-
cinations.

That is the dominant characteristic
of Doctor Crossman. He has de-
veloped the power of concentration
and whether it be in private concerns,
the practice of his profession, or in
politics, he keeps his mind on the mat-
ter in hand and knows every minute
what he is doing and why. He is a
shining type of the public-spirited
professional man who is keeping New
Hampshire to the front as a progres-
sive state. His fertile mind conceived
the state care of the insane, the board
of control, the spirit of which sur-
vives despite the change in name
sought by the present legislature and
was a prime mover in the creation of
the board of charities and correction.
He was a trustee of the state hospital
ten years, being president when the
board was abolished, and a member
of the board of charities and president
also of that.

He was a member of the House of
Representatives in 1903 and collector
of internal revenue under Presidents
Roosevelt and Taft, has been medi-
cal referee of Grafton County and
prominent in national, state and
county medical societies. He was
born in Ludlow, Vt., June 8, 1864, and
was educated at the New Hampshire
State College and University of Ver-

mont Medical School. The founda-
tion of his training in psychiatry was
laid in the institutions at Clifton
Springs, N. Y., and Markelton, Pa.,
supplemented by his service as presi-
dent of the board of trustees of the
New Hampshire State Hospital, giv-
ing him high standing as an alienist,
as well as a general practitioner. He
is chairman of the Senate Committees
on public health and a member of
education, public improvements, state
library, Soldiers' Home and roads,
bridges and canals committees.

Hon. Nathaniel E. Martin, sena-
tor from District Number Fifteen, is
one of the Democratic leaders in the
state, and as a senator has been an
unqualified success.

Senator Martin was born in Loudon
August 9, 1855, and spent his youth
upon his father's farm. Between
chores he found time to attend the
town schools, later enrolling in the
Concord High school from which in-
stitution he graduated in 1876. Fol-
lowing this he studied law with Sar-
gent and Chase, being admitted to
the New Hampshire bar in 1879. As
a young man he took deep interest in
the affairs of the city and of the state
and in 1887 he was elected solicitor
of Merrimack County, holding the
office for two years. In 1899 he was
elected mayor of Concord and his
administration of the municipal af-
fairs for the next two years was of the
highest order.

He has often been referred to as
"The People's Lawyer," probably by
reason of the fact that no case has
ever been too insignificant or small
for him to handle with the same de-
gree of skill and care that he would
exercise in a case where large issues
were at stake. To this fact, in a
great measure, is his popularity due.
He has always been a hearty supporter
of Democratic doctrines and has
served as chairman of state and city
committees. In 1904 he was a dele-
gate from this state to the National

The Granite Monthly

Democratic convention at St. Louis
and in 1912 he was a member of the
Constitutional Convention.

Aside from his extensive law prac-
tice, Mr. Martin has found time to
engage in lumbering operations and to
deal considerably in real estate, of
which he is an extensive owner. He
is an ardent sportsman and is as much
at home with a rod or gun as with a
law brief. He has taken active in-
terest in the affairs of the senate and

Edwin C. Bean of Belmont, the
speaker of the present House of Repre-
sentatives, was born in Gilmanton on
February 20, 1854. He was educated
in the public schools of his native
town and at Tilton Seminary. Leav-
ing the preparatory school he entered
business and soon located in Bel-
mont, where he has been actively
identified with the drug and general
merchandise business. He is married
and has three children. He attends

Hon. Nathaniel E. Martin

is a member of the following com-
mittees: Judiciary, military affairs,
towns and parishes and chairman of
the committee on state hospital.

His professional calling has en-
dowed him with the knowledge of how
to make a convincing speech; a "right
to the point" speech in the fewest
possible words and for this reason he
has been able to weild an unmistak-
able influence in the senate. He is
affiliated with the Odd Fellows and
is a Patriach Militant.

the Free Baptist church, is a Knight
Templar and Scottish Rite Mason,
a Knight of Pythias and a Granger.
He is also a member and has been
president of the New Hampshire
Retail Grocers' Association.

"Bean of Belmont" has always
been more or less prominent in public
life, having taken an active part in
town affairs, serving as moderator,
town clerk and postmaster and also
having attended county, district and
state committee conventions of his

HON. EDWIN C. BEAN
Speaker of the House of Representatives

The Granite Monthly

party. He represented his town in the
legislature of 1887 and was a member
of the state senate in 1901. As a dele-
gate from this state he attended the
National Republican convention of
1904 and was an active member of
the last state Constitutional Conven-
tion. Mr. Bean served on the staff
of the late Governor McLane as an
aide-de-camp with the rank of Colo-
nel. During the legislature of two

House. He has filled the position
with dignity and nothing but the
greatest credit is his due for the quiet,
yet forceful manner with which he has
expedited the business of one of the
largest governing bodies in the world.

Levin J. Chase, Representative
from Ward 3, Concord, is one member
of the House who is always sure of an
attentive audience when he arises to

Levin J. Chase

years ago, Mr. Bean was one of the
most prominent members, being chair-
man of the Republican caucus and
also chairman of the committee on
education, although he gave deep
personal consideration to every other
question of import which arose during
the session, often speaking forcefully
on matters in which he took an inter-
est.

Mr. Bean was nominated for
speaker of the House by the Repub-
lican caucus this year, upon the first
ballot, and was similarly elected in the

speak. Two years ago he established a
reputation as the most brilliant phrase
coiner in the legislature and as a cogent
feasoner on any subject in which he was
interested enough to talk. This session
he has easily maintained that reputa-
tion. Curiously, two speeches stand
out conspicuously in each session. His
fame in the 1913 session would have
been secured on his "gray squirrel"
speech alone, but a little later he came
through with his other gem on equal
suffrage, a scintillantly epigrammatic
and bitingty satirical dissertation,

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

from which some of the butts have not
recovered yet.

This year he repeated on the suf-
frage issue and to maintain the hu-
manitarian equilibrium, he went out
after the abolishment of capital pun-
ishment when a Hillsborough county
jury demonstrated that the existing
law does not in reality do away with
the death penalty. When Chase
introduced his repeal bill, it was
greeted with the same merry guffaws
that met the gray squirrel measure,
particularly by the Manchester con-
tingent which was quite well satisfied
with the jury's verdict. But just as
he routed the coldly practical ob-
jections by farmers who found only
bare husks where nice yellow corn
had been before the squirrels denuded
the husks, by touching descriptions
of the playful antics and graceful
scurryings of the squirrels in the state
house yard, this year he sent creepy
sensations shooting down legislators'
spines by a harrowing recital of an
execution he witnessed some aeons
ago in California. While the thrill
was on, the House passed the bill to
the surprise and consternation of its
opponents.

Any bill that carries a reasonable
humanitarian appeal finds the hearty
support of Mr. Chase. His particular
hobby is the state prison and it was
due more to his insistent demand for
a board of trustees for that institu-
tion than anything else, that the com-
promise board of control bill was
framed, providing that there be a
central board of ten members, with
two designated to look after each of
the five state institutions.

Mr. Chase comes of old New Hamp-
shire stock, although he was born in
Philadelphia, February 1, 1862. He
was the son of Reginald and Susan
(Stanwood) Chase, both natives of
Hopkinton. He was educated in
Philadelphia, but passed much of his
youth in Hopkinton and he still owns
the ancestral home in that village,
which is situated near the Episcopal
church, of which his grandfather, Rev.

Moses B. Chase, was rector. In 1888,
Mr. Chase went to San Francisco,
where for eighteen years he was con-
nected with the Wells Fargo Com-
pany. He then returned east and
since 1909 has been connected with
the Concord Electric Company, first
as cashier and now as manager. By
inclination he is a Republican, though
of an independent caste that impels
him to weigh men and measures
rather than the party label in deciding
how he will vote. His political ene-
mies, and he has quite a few, call him
a psychological spot-lighter. His ad-
mirers, and he has more, declare him
a keen-visioned altruist.

George H. Duncan, Representa-
tive from Jaffrey, was born in Leo-
minster, Mass., December 23, 1876, his
parents moving to Jaffrey a few months
later. He attended the Jaffrey schools,
graduated from the Murdock School
at Winchendon, Mass., and entered
Amherst College with the class of
1899, being prevented from graduat-
ing by the death of his father during
the senior year. While in college
he was member of the College Glee
Club and the Track Team. Return-
ing to Jaffrey he took up his father's
business as a druggist, which he has
since continued. He was married in
1900 and has one son thirteen years
old. He is a member and past master
of Charity Lodge of Masons and a
member of the Grange.

Mr. Duncan has been active in the
life of the community, having served
as selectman, tax collector, member
of the school board, prosecuting agent,
constable and justice of the district
police court. For the past three years
he has been president of the Jaffrey
Board of Trade. Politically he is a
Democrat, has been for ten years a
member of the State Committee, and
was a member of the Constitutional
Convention of 1912. In the present
House he is clerk of the Democratic
caucus, clerk of the Revision of
Statutes Committee, and member of
the committee on House Journal.

The Granite Monthly

He is an enthusiastic single taxer,
believing that only by raising funds
for community expenditures by a tax
on land in proportion to its value can
economic freedom be gained. In
connection with this movement he is
secretary of the newly organized New
Hampshire Single Tax Club. But
before this important change in tax
matters can be obtained, he believes
there must be political freedom.
Consequently he is a strong supporter

came up for consideration, he, as
chairman of the committee on liquor
laws, was brought prominently to the
front.

Mr. Garland was born in Parsons-
field, Me., December 23, 1867. He
was educated there in the common
and high schools and at the present
time is engaged in the general mer-
chandise business. He is married,
has four sons and a daughter and in
religion is a Methodist. He has al-

George H. Duncan

of the initiative and referendum,
and is secretary of the New Hamp-
shire Direct Legislation League, a
member of the Executive Council of
the American Proportional Represen-
tation League, and one of the advisory
editors of Equity, which is devoted to
these improvements in representative
government.

John H. Garland, who represents
the town of Conway in the House at
this session of the legislature is a man,
large not only in stature but in men-
tal capabilities and during the stirring
scenes enacted in the House when the
bill to abolish the present license law

John H. Garland

ways taken an active interest in town
and state affairs, having been town
clerk, selectman, supervisor, modera-
tor and at the present is a trustee of
the public library. This is by no
means his first visit to Concord as a
member of the state governing body
for he was a member of the legisla-
tures of 1905 and 1907.

Olin H. Chase, editor and pub-
lisher of the Republican Champion of
Newport, is one of the young Repub-
licans of the state who is and always
has been ready to cast his lot with the
element of his party which is com-
monly called "standpat" and this

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

sentiment he has never been ashamed
to voice. He was born in Springfield,
August 24, 1876, the son of Hosea
B. and Evelyne H. (Kidder) Chase.
Educated at the Newport High School
he soon learned the printer's trade
and has been editor and manager of
the Champion for the past eleven
years. He was a second lieutenant
of Company M, First New Hamp-
shire Volunteers in the Spanish
War, and, following the war, was a

Ira Leon Evans is not only one
of the j^oungest, but is one of the
most energetic and successful business
men of the Capital City, so it is not
in the least surprising that Ward
Four gave him more votes for repre-
sentative than any other candidate.
He has entered into his duties as a
member of the House with the same
characteristic thoroughness that has
brought him success in the printing
business as proprietor of the Evans

Olin H. Chase

Ira Leon Evans

captain in the N. H. N. G. for five
years.

He has always been particularly
active in advancing the welfare of
his town and of the state. He has
been a leading member of the New-
port Board of Trade and of the State
Board of which he was president in
1912-13; has been town clerk for
many years and is active in Masonry.
He is a Congregationalist in religion.
In the House he is a very active man,
claiming membership on three com-
mittees; public improvements, state
hospital and rules.

Press, although a portion of his bus-
iness ability and sagacity may have
been inherited from his father, the
late Ira C. Evans, at the time of his
death one of the oldest and best
known printers in the state.

Mr. Evans was born in Concord
on July 14, 1884, and educated at
the Concord High School. He is
married, has a son and daughter,
has served in the Second Regiment
Band of the N. H. N. G. and that he
is some "jiner" is evidenced by the
following list of fraternal organiza-
tions and clubs with which he is

MAJOR JAMES F. BRENNAN

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

affiliated: Elks, Odd Fellows, Re-
bekahs, Knights of Pythias, D. O. K.
K., Sons of Veterans, Typographical
Union, White Mountain Travelers
Association, Concord Poard of Trade,
Concord Press Club, Kearsarge Club,
Contoocook River Improvement So-
ciety and the N. H. Press Associa-
tion. In the House he is a member
of the committee on industrial school.

James F. Brennan of Peterborough
is the able leader of the minority or
democratic party in the House and
was that party's candidate for speaker
this session. He was elected to the
House for the first time two years ago,
being the first democratic representa-
tive from that town in sixty years;
his popularity and ability returning
him to the 1915 legislature by an
increased majority.

Major Brennan Was born in Peter-
borough, March 31, 1853, and, after
graduating from Maryland University
in Baltimore in 1884, he engaged in
the practice of law in his native town
where he has continued for over a
quarter of a century gaining a large
clientage and making a host of friends
through his ability, geniality, enter-
prise and public spirit. He has not
only taken an active part on promot-
ing the interests of his town, but he
has grasped every opportunity to
boost for New Hampshire. For six
years, up until 1909, he was one of the
three trustees of the State Library
and is now a member of the State
Board of Charities and Correction to
which he was appointed in 1899.
As a member of the legislature of
1913 he gained a reputation as an
eloquent and effective speaker of
great resources and ready wit. He
is a member of the judiciary, elections
and rules committees of the present
House.

Major Brennan takes a great in-
terest in historical matters and is a
member of the Peterborough, Ameri-
can-Irish and New Hampshire His-
torical Societies, holding the position
of historiographer in the first two

named. He has long been prominent
in the councils and on the stump for
the democratic party, for many years
being a member of the executive com-
mittee of the state committee. He
served as a member of the staff of
Governor Felker. In religion he is a
Catholic.

Honest, able and aggressive, he is
among the formulaters of public
opinion. Urged to allow his name to
be used as a candidate for high state
offices, he has steadfastly refused;
accepting no offices other than those
from his own town and those in which
he was especially interested in a
charitable or literary way.

Aristide L. Pelissier

Aristide L. Pelissier was one of
three young Republicans who outdis-
tanced their Democratic opponents in
the representative contest in Ward
Seven, Concord, at the November
election. Although not exactly new in
the political field, Mi . Pelissier is now
serving his first term as a member of
the state government. However he
has been a member of the city govern-
ment of the Capital City, as a mem-
ber of the city council from 1906 to

The Granite Monthly

1910 and as a ward alderman in
1911-'13.

Mr. Pelissier was born in Yamaska,
Province of Quebec, October 13, 1869,
removing to Concord as a young
boy. He was educated in the public
schools of Concord and at the Ottawa
(Canada) College. At the present
time he is engaged in the saddlery
and harness business, with his uncle,
at 9 Warren street, Concord. He is
married and is a Catholic.

may well be termed one of the most
active men in that body. He is a
thorough Democrat and is keenly alive
to everything that is going on. A
member of the two important com-
mittees — state hospital and ways and
means, he has plenty of opportunity
to work, aside from on the floor of
the House, and he takes every ad-
vantage of the opportunity thus af-
forded.

He is a native of Concord, born

William A. Lee

Mr. Pelissier is affiliated with the
Association Canado Americaine, the
St. Jean Baptiste D'Amerique and
the Catholic Order of Foresters.
From 1907 to 1911 he was the head
of the latter order in this state. He
is an unassuming gentleman who has
many friends in this city and in the
state. He is a member and clerk of
the committee on claims.

William A. Lee, who represents
Ward Eight of Concord in the House

April 10, 1862. Following an educa-
tion in the public schools he learned
the plumber's trade and has been
engaged for many years as a plumb-
ing and heating contractor, with an
office at 12 Center street. Mr. Lee
married Josephine Kelley of North-
field, Vt., and they have one son.
He is a Catholic in religion and is
connected with no fraternal organiza-
tions. He has given much of his
time in furthering the interests and
looking after the welfare of the Capi-

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1916

tal city, having served two years as
a member of the common council,
six years as an alderman and ten
years as a member of the board of
assessors under the old charter.

Henry B. Fairbanks, one of the
leaders of the Manchester delegation,
was elected as a Republican from the
third ward of the Queen City. He
was born in Manchester on Oct. 10,
1847, the son of Alfred G. Fairbanks.

one man in the state can boast of.
However, it is not alone through his
vocation that Mr. Fairbanks is well
known for perhaps even more people
of the state know him either as com-
mander of the famous military organ-
ization, the Amoskeag Veterans, which
position he has held for seven years,
or as department commander of the
Patriachs Militant. The last posi-
tion he has held for twelve years. He
is also a Fast Grand of Wildeyj Lodge,
I. O. O. F., a Red Man and a charter

Henry B. Fairbanks

He was educated in the public schools
of that city, graduating from the high
school and entering the hardware
business. He was with the Staniels
Hardware Company for five and a
half years and for two years with the
John D. Varick Company. He later
engaged in the stove business and for
five years was a member of the firm
of Fairbanks & Folsom.

Now, as an auctioneer, appraiser and
real estate broker, he is one of the best
known men in New Hampshire, he
having gained through his business,
as wide an acquaintanceship as any

member of the Calumet Club of Man-
chester.

He has always taken a deep interest
in the affairs of the city of Manchester
and at one time served in the city
council. He was a delegate to the
state Constitutional Convention of
1912 and was a member of the legisla-
ture of two years ago. He is married
and has one child.

Mr. Fairbanks takes a hearty inter-
est in the business of the legislature and
has been very attentive to his duties
as a member of the committee on
Appropriations.

BENJAMIN W. COUCH

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

Benjamin W. Couch of Ward
Five, Concord, was born in this city,
August 19, 1873, and educated at
Concord High School, Dartmouth
College and the Harvard Law School.
He went to the legislature first in
1911 and at that time was made
chairman of the important committee
on judiciary. The voters of his ward
sent him back to the legislature in
1913 and although he was an earnest
Republican, Mr. Couch was again
made chairman of the judiciary com-
mittee, a position which he filled
with fairness and ability. His excel-
lent record in the service of the state
led to his appointment as a member
of the State Board of Control under
the Felker administration and it is
not surprising that Mr. Couch is
found at the head of the judiciary
committee of the present legislature.
He is one of the most logical speakers
in the House and his concise, pithy
arguments have put an end to many a
lengthy debate during the present
session. He has held many impor-
tant municipal offices and is an active
member of several local clubs. He
is a Mason, attends the Unitarian
church and at the present time is
engaged in the practice of law in
Concord.

moved to Providence, R. I. He is a
Son of the American Revolution on
both sides of the family.

Mr. Wright's early education was
obtained in the public schools of
Sanbornton. He attended Franklin
High school, graduating in 1896
after which he took a general course
at New Hampshire College, grad-
uating from the latter in 1900
after an active four years. He was
prominent in athletics at Durham,
playing on the varsity baseball and
football teams during his entire course.

Robert M. Wright, Republican
member of the House from Sanborn-
ton, is the only son of Rev. Elisha H.
and Ambrosia (Morrill) Wright. Born
October 31, 1877, onthe farm which has
been owned in the Morrill family for
more than one hundred and twenty-five
years, Mr. Wright has ever since made
it his home. He is descended from good
old New England parentage, claiming
relationship on his mother's side with
Henry Morrill, who settled in Hawke,
now Danville, N. H., and with Abra-
ham Morrill, who settled in Cambridge
and Salisbury, Mass. and died in the
latter place in 1662. On his father's
side, he is a lineal descendant of one of
the earliest of Colonial settlers, Henry
Wright, who came to Dorchester,
Mass., about 1634 and from there re-

Robert M. Wright

He was a member of the Kappa Sigma
fraternity.

Upon graduation he taught in the
public schools of Hill and Belmont,
N. H., being principal of the grammar
schools in the latter town. He was
afterwards an instructor in the Stearns
School for Boys at Hartford, Ct.,
and later engaged in business in Hill
for a period of four years. Later he
studied law in the office of Streeter
and Hollis at Concord and attended
the Boston University Law school in
1910. When Mr. Allen Hollis with-
drew from the firm, Mr. Wright con-

The Granite Monthly

tinued his studies with him and M'as
admitted to the bar in 1912. Since
that time he has been engaged in the
practice of law in the office of Allen
Hollis.

In politics, he has always been a
Republican. In 1905 he was elected
chairman of the board of selection of
Sanbornton, succeeding a chairman
who had held the position for sixteen
years. After a second year in that
position he served three years as

and a member of the Committee on
Revision of Statutes, his practical and
first-hand information as to the con-
ditions in the " Little Republic,"
coupled with his legal training, being
exceedingly helpful in the work of
those important committees. The
fact that he retains his rural environ-
ments and yet comes in contact with
city life daily while practicing law in
Concord, cannot help but be benefi-
cial to his constituents.

Fred G. Smalley

second member of the board. He was
a member of the Constitutional Con-
vention of 1912 and since 1910 has
been chairman of the Republican
Club of Sanbornton.

On August 30, 1911, he married
Nettie G. Straw of Hill and they have
one son, Robert Morrill Wright, who
was born December 2, 1913. He is
a Mason and Patron of Husbandry.

As a member of the present House
Mr. Wright has taken an active part
both in debate upon the floor and in
the committee work. He is chairman
of the Committee on Incorporations

Fred C. Smalley, Republican
member of the House from Ward
Three, Dover, received the highest
vote cast for representative in his ward
on election day last November. He is
known in Dover as one of the " wide-
awakes" and because of his active
interests in everything pertaining to
the welfare of the city has been elected
to the city council on two different
occasions and is now serving his third
term as a ward alderman in the city
government.

Mr. Smalley was born at Shrews-
bury, Vt., on November 18, 1866, and

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

educated in the Green Mountain state
at Black River Academy, Ludlow, Vt.
He afterwards took a course in the
Albany (N. Y.) Business College, en-
tering into the monumental business
shortly afterwards. Today he is en-
gaged in the manufacture of granite
and marble for monumental and build-
ing purposes with places of business in
Dover and Portsmouth. He also has
large quarry interests in Milford, N.
H., and Westerly, R. I. and owns a
fine plot of farm land just outside the
city of Dover which he has cultivated
according to the latest and most ap-
proved methods.

Mr. Smalley is married and has two
sons and two daughters. He attends
the Unitarian church, is a Mason —
lodge, chapter, council, commandery;
belongs to the Knights of Pythias
and the Royal Arcanum. He is also
a member of the Bellamy Club of
Dover.

Although deeply interested in the
affairs of the state, Mr. Smalley has
never been heard on the floor of the
House except once and that was when
he arose to endorse the passage of a
resolution introduced for the purpose
of expediting business. As a member
of the committees on Banks and En-
grossed bills and as one of the leading
men of the Strafford County delega-
tion, Mr. Smalley manages to keep
very busy while attending the ses-
sions.

reinlistment on June 12, 1862. On
August 15, 1862, he was appointed
Captain of K company which office
he held when he was discharged on
account of disability on November 2,
1864.

Many are the deeds of valor which
are told of Colonel Sanborn, but none
surpass in heroism the incident which
accured at the Siege of Wagner. The

Col. True Sanborn, of Chichester,
is not only the oldest member of the
present House of Representatives,
but he also stands out by reason of
his prominent military record, which
continued over a period of thirty
consecutive, years. Colonel Sanborn
served with gallantry in the Civil War,
enlisting on September 14, 1861, from
Chichester as a member of Company
I, 4th New Hampshire volunteers.
On September 20 of the same year
he was made second lieutenant. He
was mustered out of service for a short
period and was immediately appointed
first Lieutenant of Company K upon

Col. True Sanborn

men of the Fourth were worn and
heartbroken after months of the siege.
One day when a detail of his company
was hard pressed, Captain Sanborn
waived his rank and leaving his sword
in his tent, seized a rifle and went to
the front line as a private soldier in
order to lighten the detail and raise
the spirits of his command.

FolloAving the war, Captain San-
born was active^ identified with the
state militia for years, here receiving
his title of Colonel. He was born in
Chichester on July 30, 1827. and re-

The Granite Monthly

ceived a common school education.
He has always been a farmer and has
established considerable reputation
as a surveyor, it being said that no
man in his section could estimate the
value of a lumber lot closer than True
Sanborn. He is a widower with six
children. He attends the Methodist
church.

Colonel Sanborn is an active and
popular member of the House in spite
of his eighty-eight years. As is
most befitting, he is a member of the

ready to speak his mind on any one of
the momentous questions that arise to
be settled in the House. He fathered
the bill to grant municipal suffrage
to women of New Hampshire and his
oratorical effort in behalf of the bill
was none the less a masterpiece be-
cause of the fact that the measure
was defeated. He also has been given
credit for defeating the proposed
amendments to the present primary
law which would have practically
destroyed it. As a member of the

George A. Wood

committee on military affairs and
takes a deep interest in the work of
this committee. Several times he has
filled the speaker's chair with dignity
and ability during the session.

George A. Wood of Portsmouth,
Ward Two, is one of the "big" men
who represent old "Strawberry Bank"
in the House of Representatives and
he is big in physical proportions as
well as in mental ability. Mr. Wood
is probably as well known as any mem-
ber of the House and he is always

committee on revision of statutes and
also the committee on engrossed
bills, he finds plenty to do in the com-
mittee rooms and makes the most of
his.opportunity to thus serve the state.

Mr. Wood was born in South
Acworth on August 24, 1862, and
received his early education there and
at the Vermont Academy. He is
married and has four children.

Mr. Wood has also been active
in municipal affairs and was alderman
in the city of Portsmouth for two
years. For many years he. was Dep-

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

uty Collector of Internal Revenue at
Portsmouth, commencing under his
father, the late Col. James A. Wood
of Acworth, who was long one of the
prominent leaders of the Republican
party in the State. His wife, Mary
I. Wood, is well known as a leader in
club life and in Equal Suffrage work.

Harry K. Rogers is one of the
three Democrats who represents the
lively and interesting town of Pem-

Harry K. Rogers

broke in the legislature of 1913. Liv-
ing on the Pembroke side of the village
of Suncook, he has ever been mindful
of the welfare of his town and made
a fine record during his three years as
a selectman.

He was born in Bow, May 11, 1886,
and received his education in Pem-
broke and at the Concord High School,
graduating from Dartmouth with
the class of 1908. He is married, has
one child and is a Protestant. At
present he is well known throughout
central New Hampshire as a whole-
sale lumber man, being engaged in
buying and operating woodlots. He
also does considerable civil engineer-

ing work. He is affiliated with the
following fraternal organizations and
clubs: Patrons of Husbandry, Moose,
Masons, Knights Templars, Shriners,
Suncook Club and Suncook Valley
Fish and Game Association. He is
president of the latter organization
and as its head has done much toward
the propagation and conservation of
fish and game in Merrimack county.
He is a member of the House com-
mittee on banks.

Paul Labonte

Paul Labonte is a solid substan-
tial Democrat who represents the
third ward of the town of Somers-
worth, a solid substantial Democratic
city where Republicans are as scarce
as Progressives are today in the
state.

He was born in Canada, February
10, 1877, and educated at Levis in the
Province of Quebec. He conducts
probably the largest grocery business
in Somersworth, is married and a
Catholic.

Mr. Labonte has had as wide an
experience in municipal affairs as
any man in the state, having served
his city as councilman, city clerk and

HON. WILLIAM J. AHERN

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

mayor. He made a fine record while
acting in the latter capacity. He is
a member of the Elks, Eagles, A. C.
A., C. 0. F., U. S. J. B., and A. F.

William J. Ahern of Ward Nine,
Concord, is now serving his tenth
term in the House. He was born
in Concord on May 19, 1855, and
following a public school education
entered into politics where he has
been prominent ever since. He has
served as a county commissioner,
deputy sheriff and jailer and has
long been the efficient secretary of
the State Board of Charities and Cor-
rections. Mr. Ahern is a member
of the committee on appropriations
and of the committee on rules in the
House this year and is one_ of the
strong leaders of the minority party.
He is considered the best parliamen-
tarian in the House and- has straight-
ened out many a seemingly hopeless
tangle through his intimate knowledge
of the rules of procedure.

Franklin Pierce Curtis hadserved
the interests of Ward Two, Concord,
so successfully as a member of the
legislatures of 1911 and 1913 that the
citizens of "Eastside" returned him
to the present House. He is actively
interested in the development of
agriculture in the state and probably
for this reason takes an even deeper
interest in the work of the committee
on agricultural college than he would
otherwise. He is also a member of the
state library committee.

Born February 12, 1856, the son of
the late George H. and Harriett
(Lougee) Curtis, he was educated in
the public schools and by private
tutors. His parents having moved
to East Concord when he was but a
year old, Mr. Curtis as a young man
became interested in the affairs of
that section of the city and through
his work as a newspaper reporter
and correspondent was able to keep
in close touch with every phase of
life in Ward Two. Alwavs a Demo-

crat, he has been ward clerk for over
twenty years; has been a supervisor
of the checklist for two terms and has
also represented his ward in the city
government as an alderman for two
terms.

He is affiliated with several frater-
nal organizations, attends the Con-
gregational and Episcopal churches
of his ward and for the last two years
served as clerk of the Concord dis-
trict police court.

Frank P. Curtis

Charles W. Tobey of Temple is
the leading Progressive member of
the House of Representatives and a
3 r oung man whose pleasing personality,
comprehensive power of reasoning
and forceful arguments have gained
for him many friends. He always has
an attentive audience when he takes
the floor to speak and whether he be
arguing the popular or unpopular
side he holds the members' attention
until he is through. No one thinks
for Tobey. That fact is evident to
anyone who enjoys his acquaintance,
even for the short space of an hour.

He was particularly successful
early in the session in his fight to

The Granite Monthly

have the South Side highway go over
Temple mountain, where it was
originally laid out by the Felker
administration, and his triumph over
the strong opposition which wanted
the location changed, was a particu-
larly noteworthy one.

Mr. Tobey was born in Roxbury,
Mass, on July 22, 1880, and was edu-
cated in the Boston public schools
and in the Roxbury Latin school. He
is a farmer who specializes in the rais-

during the present session of the
House, he having argued strongly on
the floor against the bill to do away
with compulsory vaccination and
having done much work in favor of
the car stake bill which passed the
House. He also did considerable
work in behalf of the single-headed
fish and game commission and has been
not only a regular, but an interested
attendant upon all sessions.

Mr. Huckins was born in New

Charles W. Tobey

ing of poultry; is married and has
four children. In religion he is a
Baptist. Mr Tobey has been ac-
tively interested in the affairs of
the town of Temple, being a selectman
and chairman of the school committee.
In the House he is a member of the
committee on revision of statutes.

John C. Huckins, of Ashland, is a
young Progressive member of the
House, whose name must be added to
that honorable list of successful New
Hampshire physicians who have been
public-spirited enough to give a part
of their valuable time to the needs of
the body politic. Mr. Huckins has
been quite a little in the limelight

■P

l^r *

"■ -3h

K"W

John C. Huckins

Hampton on December 24, 1878. He
was educated at the New Hampton
Literary Institution and graduated
from the Baltimore Medical College
with the class of 1904. He practices
as a physician, is a Protestant and a
member of the various state and
county medical societies. He is affili-
ated with the Odd Fellows and the
Knights of Pythias. Mr. Huckins is
married and has one son.

Aside from his interest in the affairs
of state, he has been a prominent
figure in town affairs at Ashland, is
now serving his second term as select-
man. He is a member of the House
committees on public health and
school for feeble-minded.

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

Bertram Blaisdell of Meredith
is one of the Democratic minority in
the House and a man who has gained
considerable prominence at this ses-
sion by reason of the active interest
he has displayed in the work of the
judiciary committee, of which he is
a member, and also in the general
work of the House.

Born in Meredith on April 13, 1869,
the son of Philip D. and Jane Leavitt
Blaisdell, he attended the public
schools of his native town and pre-
pared for college at Tilton Seminary.

two children and is a member of the
Congregational church.

Under the administration of Gov-
ernor Felker, Mr. Blaisdell was ap-
pointed special justice of the Laconia
District court, which included in its
jurisdictions the city of Laconia and
the towns of Meredith, New Hamp-
ton, Gilford and Center Harbor. As
police court justice he gave the great-
est possible satisfaction, being pos-
sessed of the faculty of tempering
justice with clemency to just the
proper degree.

Bertram Blaisdell

He graduated from Brown University
with the class of 1892 and was prin-
cipal of Meredith High school for
three years following his graduation.
He then took up the study of law
with the Hon. S. W. Rollins, and fol-
lowing his admittance to the bar in
1897 he opened an office in Meredith
where he still continues to practice.

He has been very active in town
affairs and at the present time is
chairman of the school board. He
has served as a trustee of the Mere-
dith Village Savings bank and is a
member of Chocorua Lodge, No. 83,
A. F. and A. M. He is married, has

George I. Leighton

George I. Leighton, representa-
tive from Ward Two, Dover, is one of
the most popular men of that city, as
is evidenced by the fact that he re-
ceived by far the highest vote of any
of the six candidates from his ward.
Always a steadfast Republican, Mr.
Leighton has previously served his
party and city as a delegate to the
Constitutional Convention of 1902
and as a member of the House of Rep-
resentatives in 1907.

Porn and educated in Vermont, a
barber by trade, but also proprietor
of a modern restaurant in the city
of his adoption, Mr. Leighton is

HON. JAMES O. LYFORD

The New Hampshire Legislature of 191-5

married, is a Protestant and among
the fraternal organizations, is a Mason,
Knight of Malta and Red Man.

In the present session he is serving
as a member of the committees on
railroads and claims.

Hon. James O. Lyford, Represen-
tative from Ward Four, a leading fig-
ure in the Republican party of New
Hampshire for many years, and an
active member of the House in this
and previous sessions, is a native of
Boston, Mass., born June 28, 1853,
but removed to Canterbury in early
life, where he passed his childhood
and youth. He was educated in the
public schools and at Tilton Semi-
nary, studied law, but entered jour-
nalism and political life, in which he
has been active and conspicuous.
He was a delegate from Canterbury
in the Constitutional Convention of
1876, and from Ward Four, Concord
in those of 1902 and 1912, and repre-
sented the latter also in the legisla-
tures of 1893, 1895, and 1897, serv-
ing on the Judiciary Committee, as
during the present session, and tak-
ing a prominent part in both com-
mittee work and debate. He was
Chairman of the State Bank Com-
mission from 1887 to 1895; City
Auditor of Concord from 1896 to
1898 and U. S. Naval Officer at the
port of Boston from 1898 to 1913.
He is married, has one son, is a Uni-
tarian and a member of the Wono-
lancet Club and Capital Grange of
Concord, of the Algonquin and City
Clubs of Boston, and the Derryfield
Club of Manchester.

James E. French of Moulton-
borough is now serving his eleventh
term as a member of the House of
Representatives. In fact he has be-
come so much of a "fixture" in the
House that delegations of school
children visiting the legislature with
their teacher, always ask to have
"Jim" French pointed out to them.
Until a Democratic administration
drove him to a second place last year

he had always headed the committee
on appropriations, and so it is not sur-
prising that, with the "G. O. P."
back in the saddle in the Granite
State, Mr. French is again directing
the affairs of this important com-
mittee as its chairman. Aside from
his experience in the House he has
served one term in the senate and was
a delegate to the constitutional con-
vention of 1912. He was collector
of internal revenue from 1889 to
1893 and a railroad commissioner
from 1879 to 1883.*

Dr. Ervin W. Hodsdon

Ervin W. Hodsdon, M. D., Repub-
lican representative from the town
of Ossipee, was born there on April
8, 1863, the son of Edward P. and
Emma B. (Demerritt) Hodsdon. He
was educated in the schools of his
native town, at Dover High School,
Phillips Exeter Academy and gradu-
ated from Washington University at
St. Louis, Mo. in the class of 1884,
with the degree of M. D.

Following his graduation he was

* For portrait, see page 35.

The Granite Monthly

interne in the City^ Hospital at St.
Louis for two years after which he
went to Dover where he engaged in
practice. Later he removed to Center
Sandwich and afterwards to Ossipee,
where he has lived for the past
nineteen years.

Doctor Hodsdon, like innumerable
other New Hampshire physicians,
has found time to assist in the man-
agement of- town and state affairs.
In Ossipee he has taken an active
interest in the development of the
town and is at the present time chair-
man of the board of selectmen. For^

Grange, A. 0. U. W., Knights of
Pythias, New Hampshire Medical
Society and American Medical Asso-
ciation. In the House he is chairman
of the committee on state hospital
and a member of the committee on
public health. He is the father of the
bill making provision for the parole
of insane patients. Doctor Hodsdon
is seldom heard on the floor in debate,
preferring to do his work, and he
accomplishes a great deal, in the com-
mittee rooms. Ossipee would do well
to return Doctor Hodsdon to the legis-
lature two vears hence.

John G. M. Glessner

twelve years he was a member of the
school committee and has been town
clerk. For seventeen years he was
postmaster and has been a member of
the board of health ever since he has
been in the town. He also held the
position of medical referee for Carroll
County for a period of ten years and
is physician to Carroll County farm.

Doctor Hodsdon is unmarried, is
a Methodist and affiliated with the
following fraternal organizations: Im-
proved Order of Red Men, Masons.

John G. M. Glessner represents
Bethlehem in the House of Represen-
tatives and that he really does repre-
sent the entire town, Republicans,
Democrats and Progressives alike, is
quite evident when one learns that
he received 174 votes and four other
unwilling candidates divided up fifteen
scattering votes among themselves
for representative at the last election.
The fact that he was born in'Chicago
in 1871 and was educated at Harvard
in no way counts against John Gless-

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

ner in Bethlehem, for the rural popu-
lation and the transient hay fever
guests alike proclaim him to be a far-
seeing, generous and public-spirited
citizen.

He is the owner and manager of a
large country estate in the famous
little mountain town of hotels; is
married and has four children. He
owns considerable property in Beth-
lehem which he is always improving
in one way and another, always seek-
ing to benefit his fellow townsmen.

He is the chairman of the Repub-
lican caucus and directed the speak-
ers' bureau for the Republican State
committee in the campaign of 1914.
For these reasons he is widely known
aside from the fact that he is a mem-
ber of this legislature and that of two
years ago. A most unassuming gentle-
man, he is seldom heard on the floor of
the House and rarely, if ever, speaks
in debate.

There is no busier man in the House
than he, however, for he is clerk of
the important judiciary committee,
one of the most exacting positions that
falls to the lot of any member. Two
years ago he was a member of the
committees on appropriations and
forestry and chairman of the special
committee on cross-state highways.

Mr. Glessner's friends, and he has
a host of them in the state, expect
that a term in the Senate may be
followed a few years from now with
the announcement of his candidacy
for the highest office of governor.

Charles E. Tilton, member of
the present legislature from the town
of Tilton which was so named in
honor of his father, the late Charles
E. Tilton, is serving his second term
as representative and is a member of
the important judiciary committee.
He was born in Tilton, May 6, 1887,
received his education at St. Paul's
School, Concord, Harvard Univer-
sity and Massachusetts Institute of
Technology and is a member of the
Harvard, Technology and Univer-
sity clubs; he is also a thirty-second

degree Mason. He is married, has
one son, and in religion is an Episco-
palian.

In politics a Democrat, Mr. Tilton
has figured prominently, for in 1912
he was made a presidential elector,
^as elected to the state legislature
at the same time and was elevated
to the rank of Major on the staff of
Governor Felker. He has also served

Major Charles E. Tilton

as clerk of the Democratic state con-
vention and chairman of the Belknap
County delegation. Mr. Tilton is
one of the youngest members of the
House, and although he is not often
heard on the floor, he takes the closest
interest in the welfare of his constit-
uents and of the commonwealth.

Henry W. Keyes won his election
to the House of Representatives from
the town of Haverhill as a straight
Republican, nothing more, and al-
though no member of the legislature
has more at heart the welfare of the
state than he, it is seldom if ever that
his voice is heard on the floor of the
House in debate. A member of the

The Granite Monthly

important committee on appropria-
tions, his keen intellect and sound
judgment is here deeply appreciated.
Mr. Keyes has long been in public
life in the state, having served for ten
years, 1903-13, as a member of the
license commission, with Cyrus Little
of Manchester and Judge John Kivel
of Dover. His friends are even now
insisting that his wide knowledge of
the inner workings of this important
commission would make him a most
valuable man to the state as a member
of the new commission which is soon to

suits, his beautiful farm at Haverhill
being one of the show places of the
township, Mr. Keyes has a variety of
other business interests being a di-
rector of the Connecticut and Pas-
sumpsic Railroad and vice-president
of the Nashua River Paper Company.
He is married and is a Mason and a
Patron of Husbandry.

No man can claim a more heartfelt
interest in the affairs of his town than
Mr. Keyes has in Haverhill where he
has served many terms as a selectman.
Anything that tends for the better-

Hon. Henry W. Keyes

be appointed by Governor Spaulding.
Mr. Keyes was born in the neigh-
boring state of Vermont, which com-
monwealth has given the Granite
State a great number of men who
became prominent in public life.
The town of his birth was Newbury
and the date, May 23, 1863. He was
educated in the Boston public schools,
at Adams Academy and at Harvard
College, graduating from the latter
institution with the class of 1887.
Although engaged in agricultural pur-

ment of agricultural conditions, either
in his section or any part of the state
elicits the entire sympathy of this
Haverhill farmer and he has served
as a trustee of the State Agricultural
college at Durham. Aside from his
ten-years' term of service as a license
commissioner, Mr. Keyes was a repre-
sentative to the general court in 1891
and 1893 and a senator in 1903.

He is a man of marked personality
and endowed with large mental abil-
ity. As a business man he has shown

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915

rare judgment and as a public serv-
ant he has acted in a most creditable
manner which could not have been
but a credit and honor to his constit-
uents. In fact, many of his friends
see in him a strong gubernatorial
candidate to head the Republican
party in 1916.

land Academy and president of the
People's Trust Company. He has
been commissioned on several occa-
sions to represent the town in affairs
of state, being a member of the
legislature in 1875-76 and 1913 and
delegate to the Constitutional Con-
vention in 1912. On December 11,

Thomas P. Waterman's popularity
as a candidate for the House of Repre-
sentatives from the town of Lebanon
is well attested by the fact that he
received more votes than any of the
other nine Candidates. Although his
voice is seldom heard on the floor in
debate, he is faithful in attendance
and is careful to throughly under-
stand every measure before he is
called upon to vote. He is a member
of the House committee on Banks.

Mr. Waterman, a descendant of
Silas Waterman, one of the first set-
tlers of Lebanon, was born in that
town on December 10, 1843, the son
of Silas and Sarah (Wood) Waterman.
He was educated at Kimball Union
Academy, Meriden, and has been
engaged in the manufacture of lum-
ber all of his life. He is a Congrega-
tionalist and among the fraternal
orders with which he is affiliated are:
Masons, Lebanon Grange, Patrons of
Husbandry, the Mascoma Valley Po-
mona Grange and the Langdon Club
of Lebanon.

He has always taken the greatest
interest in the town of his birth, hav-
ing served as selectman for fifteen
years, chairman of the school board
for three years, public library trustee,
chairman of the trustees of the Rock-

Thomas P. Waterman

1886, Mr. Waterman was united in
marriage with Miss Rosamond Wood.
Although a man of advanced years,
Mr. Waterman has kept fully abreast
of the spirit of the times and was glad
to register his vote in the House in
favor of the abolishment of capital
punishment, the prohibition measure
and woman's suffrage.

THE LIBBY MUSEUM OF WOLFEBORO

On the shore of Tuftonboro Bay
in Lake Winnipesaukee, there stands
a unique institution. The thought
of establishing the museum at Wolfe-

Dr. Henry F. Libby

boro has been maturing since 1900.
The structure is of concrete, 120 feet
long by 40 feet in width.

Few New England communities can
boast as complete an institution for
the preservation, study and perpetua-
tion of the flowers and native animals
of the Northland as is possessed by
the little town of Wolfeboro, N. H.,
where the Libby Museum has been
built and maintained by Dr. Henry
F. Libby, who is retiring from the
practice of dentistry at 366 Common-
wealth Avenue, Boston that he may
follow more closely his lifelong interest
in natural history. Inside the mu-
seum there is already a remarkable
collection of birds, animals, insects,
and the vegetable specimens of the
region. Doctor Libby has discovered
a new method of mounting the smaller

objects which is a distinct improve-
ment over the old ones. This in-
vention has been adopted by Har-
vard University for mounting the
Blaschka Glass flower models. The
chief characteristic of this mount is
that it will not shrink, swell or dis-
color. It is absolutely white and is-
homogenous, having an egg-shell gloss.
Specimens may be wired upon it with
ease, such as minerals, grasses, flowers
and even feathers. Last but not least
of its merits is in the use of a common
lead pencil for writing any text or
classification that is required. All
errors in spelling or wording may be
corrected by erasing the markings
with a penknife, or any change may
be made without injury to the mount.
The graphite of the pencil becomes
absolutely permanent, as has been
proven during the last eighteen years.
Another invention is a sealed, glass
cylinder, for holding bird skins, which
promises to preserve the color of the
skins, and keep them absolutely safe
from parasites, but the most valuable
advantage would be for school pur-
poses, as the cylinders could be
handled, without injury.

The museum is designed primarily

Dr. Libby's Museum

to show the fauna and flora of New
Hampshire. The space is not too
small in this building for the complete
fulfilment of the purpose. There is

The Libby Museum of Wolfeboro

plenty of space for such progressive
changes as may seem expedient in
the future. A small arboretum is
under way, also as a corollary to the
main enterprise, intended for trees
indigenous to New Hampshire. There
are several acres of ground about the
museum, and a clearing has been
made for the planting of new trees
and shrubs. One tract is stocked
with white pine seedlings, of which
24,000 have been planted in the
last eight years. The collector is in-
terested in the promotion of forestry
study.

During the last two years Doctor
Libby has been making an exhaustive
study of comparative animal appen-
dices and comparative dentition. The
purpose of this study, has been to
learn what are nature's efforts in

maintaining or eliminating the appen-
dix and needless teeth by specimens
of herbivorous, carnivorous and hu-
man types, and he is well prepared to
illustrate the needs or uselessness of
these organs. In association with
other progressive movements he has
deemed it wise to open the museum
and its grounds free to the public,
without the care of a custodian, as he
has unbounded faith in the honesty
of humanity.

Doctor Libby is a Bostonian by
adoption. He was born in Tufton-
boro, and had his first apprenticeship
in dentistry at Wolfeboro. Later he
went to the Harvard Dental School.
He bought the Wolfeboro estate in
1881 where he now resides. He is a
member of the present legislature from
Wolfeboro.

"THOU SHALT NOT KILL"

By Stewart Everett Rowe

As through this changeful world we live our day,

In gladness, sadness, doubts and fears and tears,
One friend is always near to lead the way,

And stand by us through all the passing years.
The Bible is that friend, that friend in need,

That on all things has something good to say,
Something that is the rarest gem, indeed,

That ever sparkled in the light of day.

"Thou Shalt Not Kill" — It speaks in accents thrilled,

Yet in all ages and in all earth's lands,
Warm, human blood has countless times been spilled,

By brutal, cold, relentless human hands.
And e'en the law, so upright and so just,

Has many times ignored the Bible's cry,
And bent itself, as would one filled with lust,

When it has told a human life to die.

Oh, man! Oh, law, pray heed the Good Book, grand,

'Tis not for you to take away sweet life;
Leave that to Him who guides and rules the land,

Who stills and scatters each and ev'ry strife.
" Thou Shalt Not Kill !" Write that in letters deep

Upon your mind and heart, yes, let it fill
Your being; those are words that ne'er should sleep:

"Thou Shalt Not Kill!" mankind, "Thou Shalt Not Kill!"

THE NORTH CONWAY MOUNT KEARSARGE

By Ellen McRoberts Mason

The condition arising from a re-
cent decision of the United States
Geographical Board of Washington,
as to the name of a certain widely
known New Hampshire mountain,
seems analogous to the one set be-
fore Samantha Allen when she told
Josiah that she had written a book
which would change public opinion
on the subject of Woman Suffrage:
Josiah said, "But who is going to
read the book? I am not going to
pay out money to hire folks to read
your book!"

The Geographical Board has ruled
that the mountain which Abraham
Lincoln's Secretary of the Navy de-
clared to be "unquestionably the
finest mountain in New Hampshire,"
Mount Kearsarge, shall hereafter be
known as Mount Pequawket.

But who is going to call it Mount
Pequawket? The people who live in
the whole East Side White Mountain
region, whose forefathers for genera-
tions have lived and died here, those
people have never themselves called,
or heard their stately mountain called
Pequawket — unless indeed in good-
natured ridicule of the attempt by
residents in the neighborhood of the
Merrimack County Kearsarge Moun-
tain to rename the already thoroughly
satisfactorily named Carroll County
Mount Kearsarge.

An ardent advocate of this change
of name wrote in April, 1876 — for
this is a very old story — that "the
debate concerning the name of the
mountain in Carroll County has arisen
perhaps in part from a desire of the
inhabitants in that section now an-
nually visited by hundreds of people,
to give notoriety to the eminence on
which they look with so much ad-
miration."

Whether or not anything is being
hinted at in this, is not for us to say,
but very certainly the stately North

Conway Mountain has been regarded
by "the inhabitants of the section"
with heightened feelings of fond loy-
alty, since the memorable victory of
the United States Ship Kearsarge in
her engagement with the cruiser
Alabama in 1864. Very certainly,
too, this historic bit, a worth-while
memory-gem, has lent added interest
to the sight seeing of some of the hun-
dreds of people annually visiting the
whole country-side.

Why should the name be changed?
Obviously not in the pursuit of hap-
piness, as the Hogans assert their
efforts to change their name to
Homan, is being made — unless per-
haps the Merrimack County residents
would be happier in having at last
succeeded in changing the cherished
name of our local Fujiyama, foisting
on the venerable summit an appella-
tion that would brand the Pequawket
dwellers with a more indelible mark
of illiteracy than perhaps they really
deserve. For "Pequawket, in the In-
dian tongues, varying in pronuncia-
tion in different Indian dialects, and
assuming infinite varieties of spelling
in English-American writing, means a
plain, or cleared, open land, suitable
for cultivation." In this section, the
name was definitely given to the Saco
meadows of Fryeburg, Maine, and
those of Conway, New Hampshire,
the adjoining town.

Frederick Kidder in his LovewelVs
Fight, says that the word "Pequaw-
ket" is from peque or pequa, crooked;
auk, place — the final et or it, having
the force of a preposition, in, to or at;
that the term is descriptive of the
extraordinary bend of the Saco river
at Fryeburg. The Indian tribe that
lived and fished and hunted, and had
their headquarters there, were called
after the locality, i. e., the Pequawket
Indians. Our local Grange is felic-
itously named Pequawket Grange

The North Conway Mount Kearsarge

and the grangers think they have
proved they possess poetic apprecia-
tion in choosing, for an agricultural
organization, a title which means
cultivable land !

The humble scribbler of these lines
lays no claim to knowing anything of
Indian dialects, but she had a friend,
the late Rev. Benjamin Durgin East-
man of North Conway, who spent
much study on them, and he said the
name, Kearsarge, is compounded from
the names of the sun, Kesus, or the
moon, Keshoiv, heaven, Keshuk: Ke-

childhood days from lips of parents
and grandparents. The name they
gave, shall live. Civilization is too
far advanced to cast off names so rich
in meaning, in memory, and forever
glorious in the glorious surroundings
of North Conway. Thy name shall
be what it is, Kearsarge, forever.
Amen."

In 1816, Philip Carrigain, the then
New Hampshire Secretary of State,
made a map of New Hampshire on
which his designation of the North
Conway Kearsarge mountain was

Mount Kearsarge from Diana's Bath North Conway

sus, was the chariot of Ke-sha-mon-
e-doo, the Great Spirit, the ruler of
lesser gods, and of the universe.

Mr. Eastman, in the autumn of
1880, on the moot topic of the Indian
name, wrote impassionedly: "Oh, Ke-
he-sa-he-gee in the door of the sky ;

First to welcome rays of light;
First the sunbeams to invite.

We have always called thee Kear-
sarge, that still shall be thy name, we
will not divorce thee from one that
looks upon thee with smiles of earliest
day, and round thy seat all day doth
linger. Thy name shall remain Kear-
sarge forever. We heard it in our

"Pigwacket formerly Kearsarge";
but nobody in the region would call
it "Pigwacket." And so it went on
for years; guide-book writers and
map-makers generally ignored Pig-
wacket or Pequawket, and wrote " Kiar-
sarge," "Kearsarge" or "Kyarsarge"
indiscriminately. In 1864 the New
Hampshire Legislature passed an act
chartering "a road from Kearsarge
Village in Carroll County, to the top
of Kearsarge mountain."

And in 1876 and 1877, the Appa-
lachian Mountain Club took active
measures to finally decide on a per-
manent name for the Carroll County
mountain, and Messrs. Charles E.

74 The Granite Monthly

Fay, W. G. Nowell, and John Worces- ago, of any time when the mountain

ter, were appointed a committee to was called by any other name than

investigate the records of tradition Kearsarge, until Carrigain attempted

as well as historical records, whereby in 1816 to change it to Pigwacket,

argument might be found to support which attempt has been a total failure

a choice of name. All this time, up to the present date. ... I

residents in the vicinity of the Merri- have little doubt the present attempt

mack County Kearsarge had claimed to make a change, will have the same

that "the only and original Kear- fate which has till now attended that

sarge," was theirs. At the June of Carrigain."

meeting of the Appalachian Club in "Kearsarge Village" was shortened
1877, this committee submitted their to Kearsarge, in conforming to the
report, the gist of which is in a depo- law which required only one word in
sition from its closing paragraph: post-office addresses, and wouldn't
that there are two mountains in New the hundreds who come to Kearsarge
Hampshire named Kearsarge; that so in summer be astonished next sum-
far as they were able to judge, "the mer to find that it was "Pequawket,"
name is equally the original name of they had come to?
both, and handed down by unbroken And there is the far-famed Kear-
and reliable tradition." sarge House, that has always been sup-
To that controversy of fourscore posed to be named after the moun-
years ago, Judge Lory Odell — a de- tain — is it the Pequawket House now?
scendant of the Pigwackets (Pequaw- And there's Kearsarge Hall; alacka-
kets) as the residents of Fryeburg day, what changes there are going to
»used to be fond of calling themselves, be!

at that time living in Portsmouth, and Many are blaming Senator GalliD-

remembering seventy years of the his- ger and criticising him sharply for

tory of Kearsarge in Carroll County, meddlesomeness; but it seems as un-

contributed a compelling letter in gracious as it certainly is stupid, to

which he declared: "I should as soon accuse a man as cultured as to litera-

think of changing the names of the ture and tradition, as he is gifted in

Euphrates or the Tigris, as that of our oratory, of a lack of poetic apprecia-

Kearsarge." tion, of a lack of love for folk-lore —

"When you come to the discussion and of being unfamiliar with the tra-

remember that there is no tradition ditional nomenclature of New Hamp-

among the settlers of the upper Saco, shire! One can not really believe

who went there more than a century that he had a thing to do with it.

SLEEP

By Georgie Rogers Warner

Yes, I know just what people say —

That if you sleep eight hours a day

You have slept a third of your life away.

But this of course they also know,

It matters not whether you stay or go —

To get the best — there is in us — out —

And have lived sixty years — there is no doubt

It is better for us as well as our charms

To lie twenty years in Morpheus' arms.

CLAREMONT EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSO

CIATION

By Clara L. Hunton

The Claremont Equal Suffrage As-
sociation was organized December 1,
1904, by Miss Mary N. Chase, who
was state president at that time.
There were twenty-five charter mem-
bers, nine men and sixteen women.
The following officers were chosen:

President, Clara L. Hunton;

Vice-president, Mrs. Elvira L. Reed;

Secretary, Mrs. Addie M. Stevens;

Treasurer, Mrs. Pierce;

Auditors, Mr. Geo. O'Neil and Mr.
Robert Sanders.

December 2, a meeting was held at
the home of the president and a con-
stitution adopted. For two years the
Association held monthly meetings at
the homes of its members. During
that time its membership increased to
nearly forty, twelve of whom were
men, among them all the Protestant
pastors. The meetings were well at-
tended and very interesting. An
effort was made to gain as much infor-
mation as possible in regard to the
cause of "Votes for Women" and to
pass it on. Literature was distrib-
uted; the Woman's Journal was sub-
scribed for and passed from member
to member. One meeting was de-
voted to the subject of "Peace," an-
other, the first May meeting, to a
study of the life of Lucy Stone. An-
other meeting celebrated the birth-
day of Susan B. Anthony and paid
tribute to her devoted life. At the
suggestion of the Association, two
volumes of the life of Susan B. An-
thony were placed in the public library.
The Association presented Stevens
High School with a portrait of Miss
Anthony. It also supplied the library
with a copy of the Woman's Journal.
Contributions were sent to the Na-
tional Compaign fund. Members
also secured names on petitions which
were sent into the state legislature.
The August meeting of each year was

held at the Claremont Junction Camp
Ground, and a basket picnic enjoyed
by the members and their friends.

June 9, 1905, Henry B. Blackwell
delivered an address in the Univer-
salist church. In October of the same
year the Association entertained the
State Convention in the Congrega-
tionalist church. Rev. Anna H.
Shaw was present and delivered an
address. The same year Mary A.
Towle was a delegate to the New
England meeting in Boston, and Rev.
Virgil V. Johnson was a delegate to
the National Convention in Portland,
Oregon. September 1, 1906, Miss
Mary N. Chase gave an address in the
Baptist church.

In 1912 Clara L. Hunton attended
the National Convention at Louis-
ville, Ky., as a delegate. At the time
of the September 1, 1906, public meet-
ing, Clarissa C. Hunton, mother of the
president, lay critically ill and, on Sep-
tember 10, she passed to the spirit
world. From that time until Decem-
ber, 1913, meetings were discontinued
on account of the absence from town
of the president, as no one of the
members of the Association felt like
assuming the responsibility of leader-
ship. The last three years of the presi-
dent's absence were spent in Boon-
ville, in Southern Indiana. In August,
1913, she returned to Claremont and
on December 9, 1913, meetings of
the Association were resumed. Four
members met at the home of Mrs,
Kate Cushman and renewed their alle-
giance to the cause of "Votes for
Women." The members, besides the
hostess, were Mrs. Elvira L. Reed,
Mrs. Mary A. Towle and Clara L.
Hunton. The secretary, Mrs. Marian
D. O'Neil, during the intervening
years, had moved to Salem, Oregon.
She writes that she has voted several
times and finds it very interesting.

The Granite Monthly

The passing years have brought
changes to the Association. Four mem-
bers have passed from earth, among
them the first secretary, Mrs. Addie
M. Stevens, and Mrs. Mary E. Par-
tridge, a very devoted member, who
had spent many years of her life in
earnest work for the cause of temper-
ance, through the Woman's Christian
Temperance Union, and for whom the
Claremont Union is now named. Mrs.
Partridge brought greetings from the
State W. C. T. U. to the State Con-
vention when held in Claremont, in

fully paid their dues which went to the
State w r ork. A few have come in
since the monthly meetings have been
resumed and now there are fifteen
members — three men and twelve
women.

Four members subscribe for the
Woman's Journal, and it is still
furnished each year by the Association
for the public library. Copies of the
Journal have been sold and given
away and other literature distributed.
In December, 1913, the president at-
tended the State meeting in Concord.

Equal Suffrage Float, Claremont Anniversary

1905. She was an intimate friend of
Mrs. Armenia S.White, of Concord, who
had often talked with her on the sub-
ject of Equal Suffrage. After taking
her public stand for the cause by join-
ing the Association she said that she
wished she had come into the work
ten years before. At the Convention
she spoke the following never to be
forgotten words : "I do not believe that
the saloons will ever be done away
with until women vote." Fourteen
members had moved out of town and
a number had dropped out because no
meetings were held. Eleven had faith-

The first Saturday in May, 1914,
Woman's Equal Suffrage day, a public
meeting was held in the Universalist
church. December 3, 1914, Martha
S. Kimball and Mrs. Susan Bancroft
addressed a public meeting, in the
Baptist church, under the auspices of
the Association.

In October last at the time of the
civic parade when Claremont was cele-
brating the one hundred and fiftieth
anniversary of the incorporation of the
town, the Claremont Equal Suffrage
Association was represented by a float,
consisting of an automobile driven by

In My Desert Home

Mr. Cabot, the owner, and decorated
with the state and national colors,
green and yellow and carrying the
officers of the association, Clara L.
Hunton, President, Mrs. Mary A.
Towle, treasurer, Mrs. Emma Cramer,
secretary, and Mrs. Marian Palmer,
who rode in" the place of the vice-
president, Mrs. Elvira L. Reed. They
bore banners, "Votes for Women,"
and the name of the Association.
With them rode two children, Ethel
Keen and Morris Allen representing
the rising generation. Morris carried
the Stars and Stripes while Ethel rode
beside the president. Equal rights
and equal protection for the girls and
the boys under our flag.

March 14, Mrs. Marion Booth
Kelley, of Cambridge, Mass., came to
Claremont. On the evening of her
arrival she addressed a parlor meet-

ing at the home of one of the members.
At the noon Sunday School hour,
March 14, by invitation of the pastor,
Rev. Mr. Swaffield she spoke before
the United Brotherhood, the Baptist
men's Bible class of twenty-five mem-
bers. AttheCongregationalist 7 o'clock
service, by invitation of the pastor
Rev. Mr. Garfield, she also spoke,
during the time usually devoted to his
address. At 8 o'clock she addressed
an open meeting in the Baptist
church.

The Association is considering the
subject of having the Equal Suffrage
film "Your Girl and Mine" displayed
at the "Magnet."

Miss Anna Stevens, state organizer,
was entertained among members dur-
ing the time she spent in Claremont,
in October, interviewing the represen-
tatives and other notable people.

IN MY DESERT HOME

By Mary Currier Rolofson

Homesick? Nay, for the same bright blue
That overarched the fields I knew
Bends over these, a sheltering dome,
And makes this space another home.

Homesick? Nay, for the sunset glow
Burns with the flames I used to know,
Crimson, pink and garnet and gold
On hearthstone summits as of old.

Homesick? Nay, although here I see
The sage brush gray and not a tree,
True hearts are here to love and bless,
And homes are in this wilderness.

Homesick? Nay. Who can find a spot
Where God's great love and care are not?
Though to a strange, far land I've come
God's presence makes this land my home.

CLAREMONT REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS

There were one hundred and fifty-
nine men from Claremont enlisted
in the Revolutionary army. Fifty-
three of these men are buried in the
old cemeteries in town. Forty-eight
of these graves were located by
Charles B. Spofford, S. A. R., and
these were decorated with Revolu-
tionary markers April 19, 1894. Mr.
Spofford placed the markers in pres-
ence of members of the order and
guests. One was already marked.

Nine other graves were located by
the D. A. R., and their Revolution-

ary markers placed by the order in
1904, making fiftyreight marked
graves of Revolutionary soldiers in
Claremont.

Twenty-one men from Claremont
enlisted in the War of 1812.

The following list of soldiers, buried
in graves marked with the bronze
markers, has been compiled from the
Revolutionary records, and the grave-
stone records of the old village and
west-part cemeteries, prepared and
published by Charles B. Spofford, in
1894, and 1896.

Daniel Abbott
Edward Ainsworth, Lt.
James Alden, Corp.
Daniel Ashley, Lt.
Samuel Ashley, Col.
Oliver Ashley, Capt.
Caleb Baldwin, Capt.
Daniel Bond
Jesse Campbell, Capt.
John Campbell
David Chaffin
Roswell Clapp
Eleazer Clark, Ensg.
John Clark
John Cook, Capt.
Samuel Cotton, Rev.
Lemuel Dean
David Dexter, Col.
Jacob R. Dimond
Nathaniel Draper
Moody Dustin, Lt.
Ebenezer Fielding
Barnabas Ellis, Lt.
Daniel Ford, Corp.
James Goodwin
Nathaniel Goss
Charles Higbee
Stephen Higbee
George Hubbard, Ensg.
Joseph Ives
Miles Johnson
Asa Jones, Lt.

' Kirtland ]
Gideon \ Kirkland [

( Caterling J
John Kilburn, Capt.
Sanford Kingsbury, Maj.
Amaziah Knights
Obed Lamberton
Samuel Lane
Joel Matthews
James Maxwell
John Moore, Serg.
Timothy Munger, Capt.
Peter Niles

1756— August 10, 1827
1730— February 10, 1806
1752— March 14, 1807
1753— October 8, 1810
1721— February 18, 1792
1744— April 9, 1818
1736— December 6, 1823
1762— April 15, 1845
1760— December 11, 1835
1759— May 17, 1831
1761— July 25, 1838
1756— March 11, 1843
1724— June 29, 1787
1759— November 25, 1837
1735— February 8, 1810
1737— November 25, 1819
1761— October 2, 1822
1765— June 1, 1829
1759— March 16, 1826
1753— October 1, 1832
1742— August 11, 1810
1754-October 28, 1830
1745— June 26, 1838
1750— October 2, 1822
1750— August 14, 1815
1751— June 25, 1824
1753— July 28, 1828
1730— August 28, 1812
1739— April 16, 1818
1736— November 25, 1785
1768— December 1, 1834
1739— June 15, 1810

1731— April 18, 1805

1726— September 14, 1776
1742— November 12, 1833
1746— January 14, 1835
1756— October 13, 1830

1750— September 10, 1822
1735— March 23, 1823
1758— September 6, 1832
1758— June 30, 1836
1755— March 15, 1844

Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.

Old Village Cemetery.

West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.

The Dreamer

Ebenezer Rice
Hezekiah Rice
Joel Roys
Joel Richards
William Pettee
Joseph Pulling
Solomon Putnam
John Sprague, Lt.
Elihu Stevens, Jr.
Joseph Spaulding
Daniel Warner
Levi Warner
Thomas Warner, Capt.
John West
Christopher York

1745— June 19, 1822
1741— May 29, 1813
1755— September 4, 1782
1759— October 4, 1837
1754— April 14, 1837
1754— December 27, 1840
1755— April 18, 1810
1736— March 4, 1843
1754— April 2, 1798
1754— February 8, 1829
1716— March 11, 1802

1748— Februarv 7, 1818
1739— November 23, 1810
1749— April 17, 1817

West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
West Part Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
Old Village Cemetery.
West Part Cemeterv.

THE DREAMER

By Margaret E. Kendall

It has come. He has left this dark world of care
For a mountain stream and a rod and line;

He draws in with long, deep breaths, the air,
Scented with moss and hemlock and pine.

His shoulders straighten, his eyes grow bright;

Once more the vigor of youth he shares;
Onward he hastens, first straight to the right,

Then off a bit to the left he bears.

He knows the place, half hidden by ferns,

Where a dark, deep pool casts its mystic spell:

And as upward he climbs, the heart in him yearns
For this deep, still pool that he knows so well.

At last he has reached it, and now as he stands
In the place that was once his favorite retreat,

The years that have passed seem like bright, golden strands.
Linking the present with memories sweet.

He dreams and he fishes. He fishes and dreams,

And ever the silvery pile by his side
Grows, shimmers and sparkles, glistens and gleams ;

He looks at it fondly and with feelings of pride.

It is gone. He returns to this old world of care,

Comes back again to its labor and broil,
But his dreaming has left him more eager to share

The trials of those who must labor and toil.

Tilton, N. H.

AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF THE FIRST BELL

In the North Country, at Ladd Street, Haverhill, N. H.

By Grace Woodward

One hundred and twelve years ago
I was born, in Hartford, Conn.
Jonathan Doolittle, a skillful worker
in metals, was my creator, and he
fashioned me with great care and
precision. Into my substance was
put more than ordinary metal, for
my Ladd Street progenitors were
determined that I should be of finer
material, and greater worth, and
sweeter tone than any other bell.
They therefore generously gave of
their meager store of silver — a trinket
here, a spoon there, a silver dish, sil-
ver money too, one gentleman giving
twenty "cartwheels," as the silver
dollar was then called- — until the
value of one hundred dollars was con-
tributed. All this was melted and
poured into the castings.

The first bell thus produced, for
some unknown reason, was not per-
fect, and, when struck, revealed a
crack. So it was put into the fiery
furnace again, melted, cast and cooled,
when, lo! I was!

All being finished and arranged,
I was loaded upon a raft, propelled
by poles in the hands of sturdy boat-
men, and began my long journey up
the Connecticut River to the North
Country, and the little hamlet of
Haverhill, where was to be my home.

We were loaded with a varied
cargo of groceries, placed in the middle
of the raft, so as to leave a clear pas-
sage on either side for the polemen.
The poling was done by two men on
either side, near the forward end of
the raft. They thrust their long poles
into the river sand, and then, firmly
grasping them, walked to the stern of
the raft, thus causing it to move up
the river. For many days we thus
journeyed, till, at last, the broad and
fertile meadows near Haverhill opened
up and the lovely valley shone in the
morning sunlight, with the tumbling

waters of the Oliverian Brook rush-
ing over the rocks to meet us. We
moored our raft near the mouth of
this turbulent stream, which had
journeyed all the way from grand
Moosilauke's rugged sides to give
us welcome.

What a scene then met my view!
As far as eye could see stretched a line
of men, women and children hasten-
ing towards me! Kerchiefs waved;
drums beat; cannon boomed; men
shouted! The excitement was in-
tense and the enthusiasm knew no
bounds. Was I not the first bell in all
that country around, and did I not
belong to them? Eager feet boarded
the raft, and willing hands lifted me
to bear me ashore. Then came my
first baptism, as seemed meet, con-
sidering that I was to form a part of
the house of God when my journey
should be ended. In their eagerness
to transfer me from raft to shore, they
dropped me overboard! My great
weight of 1500 pounds carried me to
the bottom like lead, but I was soon
drawn up, no whit abashed nor in-
jured but rather, purified for God's
best service. Then, escorted by a
large crowd of enthusiastic people, I
journeyed across the meadow and up
the hill and along the undulating
country road called Ladd Street, to
the meeting house. As we went along,
I remember a sturdy fellow swinging
a club in his hand, who ever and anon
gave me a friendly tap to try my
metal. So I went singing up the
street to the home awaiting me. I
was soon swung up upon the outside
of the belfry, and by means of a skill-
fully constructed carriage, rolled into
position. How proud I felt when I at
last hung above them all and looked
around! So this was to be my home,
in which to live and labor!

On every side stretched the fertile

Autobiography of the First Bell in the North Country 81

fields with beech and birch, oak and spire surmounted by a vane and light-
maple rearing their noble heads and ning rod.

lending grateful shade. Towards the Let us glance inside this ancient
east towered the stately pines, and meeting-house, the pride and glory of
nodded welcome, their scarred trunks the old street. We can enter through
softening to purple in the broad belt the western door and proceed down
of distance as they stretched awaj' the main aisle that ran the length of
to meet the grand old mountains on the interior. The body of the house
the far eastern horizon. As the was seated with square box pews,
nearby fields approached the meadows, having great high backs to the uncush-
they were met by a dark, thick line ioned seats, with tall, hinged doors,
of small trees that overtopped a The seats were also hinged, and were
heavy undergrowth of glossy shrubs raised or lowered when entering or
marking the outlines of the meadows, leaving the pews, accompanied by a
Away, away, towards the western racket and rattle. Around three
horizon stretched the meadows, fair sides of the room ran a gallery,
to look upon, seemingly just fresh fitted with simple benches and reached
from the hand of God, and bearing by a series of steps,
upon their bosom the thrifty farmer's The pulpit, at the opposite end
hay and grain. Winding in and out, of the room from the west entrance,
like a coy maiden playing at hide was an octagonal box, placed high
and seek, ran the silvery Connecticut, above the body of the church, with
her laughing waters dancing in the a spiral stairway leading to it. High
sun and her banks fringed with the over all, and above the preacher's
reeds and grasses that were mirrored head, hung the resonant sounding-
on her surface. Looking on and up, board, constructed of thin boards
my eyes encountered the green hills and similar in shape to an inverted
of Vermont, clothed in their robes parasol. It used to echo the preacher's
of vivid verdure, and behind which, voice till the rafters rang, and it
at the close of day, sank the sun in a carried the sweet songs of the con-
bed of molten glory. A close-by gregation to every part of the quaint
view took in the homes of the early room, and even to my ears, as I
settlers, scattered up and down the hung mute and motionless in the
street ; modest homes, yet within their stately belfry above,
four walls dwelt peace and happiness. Along the two sides of the interior
After feasting my eyes upon all was a row of wall pews, a step or two
this beauty, I turned my gaze upon above the side aisles. Here sat the
the church below me. It stood upon less influential worshippers, to-
an eminence just north of where gether with the tithing man, whose
the present Ladd Street schoolhouse duties were to prod, with his long
now stands, and was the most im- slim pole, any snoring worshipper,
posing structure in all this part of the He used to bestow a smart tap upon
country; built with noble propor- the slumberer's pate to bring him to
tions in the old colonial style, with his senses; if the sermon ran into the
its side facing the road, and boasting "twelfthly," a second tap was usu-
three entrances, each with a porch, ally needed, for the close and quiet
There was a high tower on the south- room was soporific,
east side in which I now lived, proud There was no sign of paint in the
and grand, being the only representa- interior, but the yellow pine, of which
tive of my kind in all the valley, seats, galleries, pulpit and floors were
The tower was built with two plat- made, had gradually deepened into
forms, one above the other, each en- a golden brown, and gave a mellow and
circled with a railing. Capping the ecclesiastical air, well fitted to the
top of the tower was a small square place.

The Granite Monthly

Every Sunday was the church well
filled; hardly a house up and down
the valley for miles but was repre-
sented in the goodly company.
Church-going in those days was uni-
versal. There they sat, men brawny
and brown with wind and sun, worthy
of their ancestry; and beside them
sat their wives, brown, too, and
strong, with faces of calm content,
worthy to be the mothers of their
husbands' sons. There, too, were
the girls, modest and shy, and the
boys full of life and vigor to their
finger-tips. No means of heating
the edifice was ever resorted to —
the preacher's burning words and
fiery denunciations being considered
means of sufficient heat. Yet I
remember that a few delicate mem-
bers were sometimes permitted to
carry to church a foot-stove, filled
with live coals, for extra warmth.

Through two long services, with
a nooning between, sat those devout
worshippers, and not until the length-
ening shadows proclaimed the ap-
proaching end of the day, did the
good people arise for the benediction
and wend their way homeward.

I wish I could call by name all
those sturdy men and women who
used to gather there at my call, and
who formed the pillars of my first
home. There was the wise and war-
like Col. Charles Johnson, first deacon
of the church in 1790; Hon. James
Woodward, the man of integrity and
public trust, and the town's first
representative to the legislature, with
his sturdy family of twelve children;
Moody Bedell, who belonged to a
family of warriors and was renowned
for his enterprise and public spirit.

There was, above all, in my esti-
mation, the numerous Ladd family
from whom the street derived its
name. I could point out to you the
many houses built and occupied by
the Ladds, and you would at once
see that the old church with its tall
belfry and its proud occupant had a
position in the midst of the family
circle, and its heart-strings were en-

twined with theirs. Their interests
were mine; and now, after the lapse
of more than a hundred years, I still
cling to the descendants of this once
prominent and always beloved family
and hold their welfare as a precious
legacy.

I have.no thought of omitting to
tell you of faithful William Cross,
the trusty sexton, who for many
years gave me voice, and tolled off
the hours to the waiting valley. At
six in the morning, at noon, at six
and nine at night we two faithful
friends together made sweet music
that sounded far up and down the
valley.

Ding-a-dong, dong! Six in the morn!
Cling-a-clang clere! Mid-day is here!
Cling-a-clong-clong! Now the day's gone!
Out with your light! Nine of the night!
Get to bed all! Curfew bells call!
Ding-a-dong-ding ! Cling-a-clang-cling !

Not only did we make the air vi-
brant four times a day through the
week, but, on the still Sabbath,
when nature had put on her holiday
attire, and all sounds of labor were
hushed and people's thoughts were
turned heavenward, we two pealed
forth into the waiting air our sum-
mons to meet and worship God to-
gether.

Then my deep-sounding voice, so
strong and full, rang out with clarion
call; and as my tones sped up and
down the valley, they symbolized
to those early pioneers the voice of
God calling in the wilderness, and
they obeyed my summons. Some
came on foot; others on horseback;
many came in boats, or forded the
Connecticut. Whenever my voice
reached the ear of man on the quiet
Sabbath, he listened, he meditated,
he came. Who shall say that I lived
in vain in this beautiful valley home?

For forty years Deacon Cross and
I were constant companions. No
one could ring the Ladd Street Bell
like the Deacon, for I always knew his
moods, and responded to his touch
like a stringed instrument under a
master's hand. I loved the good old

Autobiography of the First Bell in the North Country 83

man with a brother's love, and he geon, but none came near to give
loved me. When he and I were me a friendly touch or a cheering
parted, and he was told that he could word. At last, one night, there came
ring the bell no more, his strong frame a change. Men entered my dark
shook with sobs, and I was desolate! cellar and stole me away.. I could
All things must have an end, and not see where they were taking me,
my happy home in the dear old church but I overheard a whisper that the
belfrey was no exception. There sheriff from the Corner was looking
came the sad day when Haverhill for me and I must be hidden in a
outgrew the quaint church with its safer spot. I was consigned to some
high-backed pews, tall pulpit, and gloomy place — never have I been
huge sounding-board, and the build- able to locate it — for no ray of light
ing was abandoned for a more pre- ever penetrated there. Weary, lonely
tentious one at the "Corner." I days and nights that lengthened into
then became a bone of contention, years, — I was left in utter misery
as the new church wanted me, and and despair! What I suffered in all
my loyal Ladd Street friends said those years, no tongue can tell! I
I never could be separated from them, shudder now at the memory of it
I suffered many indignities in the all. At last, came my deliverance,
controversy; even an attempt by the I saw the light, and breathed the
"Corner" people, one dark night, to sweet air, and lived again! What my
take me by force! A suspicion of feelings were when I saw the changes
the dark deed was aroused in the that had been wrought during my
hearts of my Ladd Street friends, and degradation, I will leave to your
they stationed faithful William Cross imagination. My faithful friends,
at my side both day and night, with for whom I had been cherishing such
orders to "peal the bell if danger hard feelings, had, all this time been
threatened." For several days he busy procuring for me a new home,
never left me, his meals being brought and my delighted eyes looked upon a
to him, and hoisted up the belfry large two-story school-house, topped
by means of ropes. When, finally, with a belfry wherein to place me!
the attack came, the deacon's hand How ashamed I was of my lack of
was near, in my extremity, and pulled faith! I then and there resolved to
the rope. How I pealed out for devote my life to such a service for
help! Right nobly the call was an- my Ladd Street friends, that future
swered, my friends on Ladd Street generations should point to me with
quickly rushing to my aid! I am pride as one of their most cherished
glad to say that no blood was spilled, legacies from the pioneer days of
though many a torn coat and shirt- their forefathers. I was raised to
sleeve bore evidence of a fray! Al- my place by loving hands and here
though my defenders were loyal in I have hung for more than seventy
my emergency, there soon came a years. During these years of con-
time when, seemingly, they all for- stant service I have responded with
sook me, and my cup of woe was my clear voice to every call of duty
full to overflowing. The old church or of pleasure. Many hands, now
was torn down, and I was homeless! still and cold, have reached out to
Rude hands thrust me into a dark pull my rope. I have called the ehil-
and gloomy cellar, and my once dren, and the children's children to
happy voice was silenced. There I the fourth generation, to their tasks
spent weary, unhappy hours, musing at school, telling them in no uncer-
upon the fickleness of man, to thus tain tones that punctuality, dili-
consign an old and tried servant to gence and endeavor will be necessary,
darkness and to misery. I heard the that they may take their places among
people go and come outside my dun- the sons of men, and hold high

The Granite Monthly

their heads as befits their high an-
cestry.

I have sent my voice up and down
the valley whenever any danger
threatened the homes about me.
I have frolicked with the boys on
the "Glorious Fourth," till the staid
fathers have surely wished my tongue
was tied. I have tolled off the years
of many of the dear ones, as the
funeral cortege has crept past me
up the hill to the cemetery, and, as
they have been laid to rest, my voice
has died away in grief and loneliness.
I have always been sorry to see the old
friends go away to other homes, and
have been glad, when, from my station
in the belfry, I have seen them come
again down the hill. Would that I
could call out a friendly word of wel-
come or farewell, but, alas! without
human help, I am mute!

My tale is almost finished. I have
unconsciously led you along the way
from the trackless forests, peopled
by the denizens of the woods, and
roamed over by the fearless Indian;
across the clear and limpid Connecti-
cut, that, in those days, abounded
with trout and salmon; over the
fertile meadows, laden with their
native wealth of herbage; to the up-
lands, dotted with ancestral homes;
and so down the road called Ladd

Street, to one dear spot where I first
became a part of this lovely valley;
and lastly, to my present dwelling-
place. Now, I am an aged public
servant, rounding out one hundred
and twelve years of loyal service.
Still, age has not withered me, nor
time defaced, and my years are not
half spent. I see a big future loom-
ing before me, fraught with great
possibilities, and I am eager for the
fray! I yearn to always be able to do
all in my power for the dear friends
who have all these years sheltered
and honored me; I shall always, as
of old, let my clear voice peal out
with no uncertain sound, against
wrong, danger and oppression. And
when the far-distant time shall come
when I, too, must fall into decay,
and my silvery voice be forever
mute, God grant that it may be
among the descendants of true and
tried Ladd Street friends, who have
stood by me these hundred years,
through weal and woe, through calm
and storm! So, I could gladly lay
down my life, and be gathered to my
kindred elements, knowing full well
that my earthly work had been well
performed and well appreciated, and
that my reward was sure.
Center Harbor, N. H.,
January. 1915.

BOOKS

By Delia Honey

We turn to a book as to a friend

Whether in joy or in sorrow,
For books are honest, they never pretend

Nor put us off till the morrow.

They lift from our hearts a burden, untold,

They share in our joy so wild,
They bring a quiet surcease, controlled,

And make us meek as a child.

They turn our tho'ts as naught else can do,
No matter which way they wend,

So now while the day is waning, too
We'll turn to a book for a friend.

THE INDIANS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

By Charles Nevers Holmes

The quaint, brief verse of "And obtained a grant of Dover, while

first they fell upon their knees, then Mason procured a charter of Ports-

on the aborigines," will occasionally mouth. In this way, the colonists

come to mind, especially when one became separated into two divisions,

is considering the subject of "Lo, the called the Upper and the Lower

poor Indian." Our forefathers in Plantations.

1620 were, of course, merely very new Respecting the further history of

comers to America, for the Indian or the Granite State., this is, of course,

his predecessors had been dwelling well known. Exeter and Hampton

or had dwelt here centuries before, were settled in 1638 and 1639. It

In New England, the early white was united to Massachusetts in 1641,

settlers found perhaps some fifty made a royal province in 1679, and

thousand of these red men, of which was re-united to Massachusetts in

number four or five thousand dwelt 1685, from which it was not again

in New Hampshire. In 1614, the separated until 1741. State consti-

famous Captain Smith appeared off tutions were adopted in 1776, 1784,

the coast of this latter state ; but it was and 1792; it ratified the Federal

not until 1623 that the first settle- constitution in 1788, being the ninth

ment was made by Edward and Wil- state admitted to the Union. The

liam Hilton at Cocheco, or Dover, area of New Hampshire is 9,341 square

About the same time, David Thomp- miles, 310 of which are of water,

son settled in the vicinity of what was According to the last census, the

afterwards known as Portsmouth, population of the Granite State ap-

Both the Hilton brothers and Thomp- proximated 431,000, the population

son came under the authority granted in 1900 being about 411,000, and in

to the company of Laconia by the 1890 about 376,000.

council of Plymouth in England. In Such is a very brief outline of New

1622 Ferdinando Gorges and John Hampshire's history; that is, its his-

Mason were high in office in this tory since the arrival of the white

council, and procured a grant to man. But our forefathers were in-

" all lands situated between the rivers deed new comers compared with the

Merrimack and Sagadahock, extend- aborigines. No one knows who were

ing back to great lakes and river of really the first settlers of New Hamp-

Canada." shire. Also, it is not known for how

From 1623, the time of the first many generations the confederated

settlement at Dover, to 1629, the tribes of the Pawtuckets had dwelt

granted region was slowly peopled, in New Hampshire before the coming

but in 1629 the province of Laconia of the white man. Nor are we better

was divided between Gorges and informed respecting possible predeces-

Mason. The region east of the Pas- sors of these confederated tribes,

cataqua river was taken by Gorges, However that may be, our forefathers

while that west of the river, extending found the red race here when they

back some sixty miles, went to Mason, came as strangers, and, as has been

Gorges' part received the name of stated, the red men in what is now

Maine, while that taken by Mason New Hampshire then numbered some

was called New Hampshire, since four or five thousand. Indeed, dur-

Mason had been a resident of the ing early colonial times there were

county of Hampshire in England, as many as twelve tribes of Indians

Later, some of Mason's associates in this province; but wars among

The Granite Monthly

themselves, and pestilence, had di-
minished the numbers of men in these
tribes. There were tribes in different
parts of the province, for example,
small tribes at Exeter, Dover and on
the banks of the Pascataqua river.
The tribe of Ossipees dwelt around
lakes Winnipisogee and Ossipee, and
that of the Pequawkets made its
home on the upper branches of the
Saco river. Lastly, the tribe of
Penacooks occupied the region around
the present city of Concord, a'ong the
banks of the Merrimack. This tribe
of Penacooks should be noted particu-
larly, since it contained, during the
first of the invasion of the white man,
the famous Indian chieftain, Passa-
conaway. There were as many as
four sachems in the east and south of
the province that acknowledged a kind
of allegiance to this great sagamore.

As has been stated, Passaconaway
was chief of the Penacooks, and his
home was near the present city of
Concord. Most of the Indian tribes
in New Hampshire were in confedera-
tion with Passaconaway, whom they
rightfully revered for his sagacity
and wisdom in leadership. Those
who were thus united under the lim-
ited sway of this sagamore were
known by the general name of Paw-
tuckets, being a kind of Indian league
in peace or war. Passaconaway as a
leader was exceedingly wise and cun-
ning, but a very moderate Indian with
a strong liking for peace. As would
be expected, he possessed a great
reputation as a sorcerer, his tribe be-
lieving that he was able to make
water burn and trees dance. It was
also believed that he possessed the
power to change himself into flame
and could at will darken sun or moon.
But Passaconaway was certainly a
very remarkable Indian, always
being a strong advocate for peace
rather than war. Nevertheless, al-
though he urged with all his influence
against hostility to the white man, he
seems to have had a presentiment that
the English would eventually wholly
displace his tribe and people.

In 1660 the Indians of his tribe had
a great dance and feast. On occa-
sions like this it was the custom for
the elders of the tribe to utter speeches
and give advice to the younger men.
Passaconaway was a most eloquent
speaker, and he made at this time his
"farewell address," resigning his po-
sition to his son Wonolanset. During
the course of his address, he compared
the past independence of the tribe
with its present weakness and decay.
He explained the superiority of the
white man and declared that the time
would come when the English would
occupy wholly the lands of the red
men. He also declared that a war
would shortly occur all over New
England, but warned his people not
to take part in it.

"Hearken," exclaimed he, "to the
last words of your father and friend.
The white men are sons of the morn-
ing. The Great Spirit is their father.
His sun shines bright about them.
Never make war with them. Sure
as you light the fires, the breath of
heaven will turn the flames upon you
and destroy you. Listen to my
advice. It is the last I shall be
.allowed to give you. Remember it
and live!"

His dying advice made a deep im-
pression upon the tribe, particularly
upon Wonolanset, his son. Indeed,
the words of their beloved sagamore
restrained the Penacooks from fol-
lowing the other Indians in later
warfare against the English. When
war did come, the Penacooks were
the only Indians in New Hampshire
that kept out of it. With a single
exception, the settlers in the province
had been in peace with the Indians
almost half a century. Yet the
Indians were more and more aware
of what the future would bring forth,
and they became more and more
restless. It needed but the proper
leader. King Philip perceived the
unrest of the Indians. He was king
of the Wampanoags, and lived at
Mount Hope, near Bristol. Philip
was cunning, ambitious and warlike,

The Indians of New Hampshire 87

and foresaw that unless the Indians Massachusetts sent two companies to

could equal the whites in civilization New Hampshire to assist against the

they would be displaced. It seemed Indians. Arriving at Cocheco, they

to him that war was the only method found 400 Indians at the home of

to use against the English. Most of Major Waldron, with whom these

the Indians — old and young — ap- Indians had made peace _ and whom

proved of the warfare of King Philip, they trusted. The captains of these

Accordingly, the Narraganset or King companies recognized some murderers

Philip's War commenced on the 24th among the Indians and wished to

of June, 1675, when nine persons were arrest them. This was accomplished

slain by the Indians at Swansey in the by a ruse. All the red men were dis-

colony of Plymouth. armed, the Penacooks were sent away

The war that followed is historical in peace; but seven or eight of the
and very well known. It was a popu- Indians were hanged ami some were
lar war with the Indians, although sold as slaves. About thirteen years
Wonolanset and his Penacooks kept afterward, when several of those who
out of it. It was terrible while it had been sold as slaves returned,
lasted and, owing to the scattered con- vengeance was cruelly wreaked upon
dition of the New England settlers, Major Waldron. The Major was
very destructive. But it came to an warned of possible danger^ but # only
end, because the Indians became dis- laughed at the fears of his friends,
couraged and had lost their great He told them to "plant their pump-
leader, King Philip. The result to kins and he would take care of the
New England was some 600 lives, Indians." However the Indians by
twelve or thirteen towns destroyed, a plot succeeded in entering his garri-
and about 600 dwellings burned, soned home, and, although the Major
During the period of this war, New defended himself for a while with his
Hampshire was also in terror. No sword, he was felled with a blow from
one knew when an Indian raid would behind. The Indians then inflicted
occur; business was abandoned, and gashes on Major Waldron's body,
every man, as it were, had to look exclaiming "We thus cross out our
out for himself. Considerable dam- account!" After his death they
age was done; and in September, 1675, plundered his house and set it on
the Indians made an attack on the fire.

region called Oyster River, then a On July 17, 1694, the Indians again

part of Dover but now Durham, burn- attacked the Oyster River settlement,

ing two houses, killing two men, and under the command of a Frenchman

carrying away two captives who soon named Villieu. The red men num-

escaped. About the same time they bered about 250; but as their ap-

slew a man named Robinson and proach was discovered, some of the

took another man — Charles Runlet settlers had time to escape and others

— prisoner. Also five or six other to prepare for defense. Nevertheless,

houses were burned and two more ninety-four persons were killed or

men slain. Later, the Indians killed taken captive, and five of the twelve

John Keniston of Greenland, and in garrisoned homes, as well as other

June, 1677, they also slew four per- dwellings, were burned. In 1706 there

sons at Hampton. occurred an attack on two houses be-

King Philip 's war was over; but the longing to a Mr. Blanchard and a Mr.

inhabitants of New Hampshire had Galusha, in which nine people were

thereafter more or less trouble and slain. In 1712 the Heard garrison

danger from the red man. The trag- was saved by the wit of a woman —

edy relative to Major Waldron and there being no man in the house —

others associated with him is well who called out so loudly and boldly

known, of how in August, 1676, that she scared the enemy away. In

The Granite Monthly

1717 there was a declaration of war
against all hostile Indians and a re-
ward of £100 for every such Indian's
scalp. The last French and Indian
war in 1755 lasted until the capture
of Quebec by General Wolfe in 1759.
During all this period, and indeed
until nearly 1800 there was more or
less danger from the Indians, and
attacks were made on Hopkinton,
Keene, Walpole, Hinsdale, Winches-
ter, Charlestown, as well as many
smaller, isolated places. But gradu-
ally the aborigines withdrew or were
driven out of the land that thev once

possessed, until today not a single
descendant of these original tribes is
to be found anywhere in the Granite
State. Many of them were slain, and
the rest migrated, mostly to Canada,
and dwelt upon the banks of the St.
Lawrence river. However, though
they themselves are departed, their
names and words yet remain with us.
Nashua, Souhegan, Amoskeag, Swam-
scott, Merrimack, Winnipiseogee and
Ossipee are permanent memories of
an interesting and unique race.
Hotel Nottingham,
Boston, Mass.

LOVE'S JESTING

By L. Adelaide Sherman

You told me in jest that you loved me well

And would love me truly ever —
Yet little you dreamed that those words would be

Effaced from my memory never.

You sat where the firelight on your face
Cast its radiance warm and tender —

While your smile to me was rarer far

Than the wide world's beckoning splendor.

But I took up the jest, tho' my heart was rent

And answered, "I love you duly."
Ah, how could j^ou know those light-voiced words

Was my spirit speaking truly.

You have gone your way, and I go mine,
While the seasons dim and brighten;

The flowers have budded and bloomed and died
'Neath skies that lower and lighten.

There are friends most kind that come and go

As the long years drift before me,
But never another voice nor face

Can cast that sweet spell o'er me.

Oh, deep from sight must I hide my love,
And Time, with its balm, shall cover

The wound that was made by my heart's elect
Who never became my lover.

CAPTAIN JACOB CONN

Captain Jacob Conn is one of the few citi-
zens of Concord who have climbed from
obscurity to prominence in a comparatively
few years — and this in spite of serious handi-
caps. Without money, lacking education
and with but a slight knowledge of the Eng-
lish language, he came to this country six-
teen years ago and through sheer grit and
indomitable perseverance the penniless immi-
grant youth has been changed into an educated
and respected citizen, militia officer and theatre
owner. The story of his life reads like the
most imaginative page of fiction for this
metamorphosis was worked in the short
span of sixteen years.

Jacob Conn was born of poor but respect-
able Jewish parents in Stralkowo, in the
Province of Posen, Germany, in the year 1877.
The quiet atmosphere of home life never in-
terested him to any great degree and as a
mere boy he engaged in the dangerous trade
of bartering horses over the Russian frontier.
At the age of eighteen he left home and went
to London, England, where he secured employ-
ment in a tailor shop. Here he remained
until the Spanish-American war had been in
progress for several months when he sailed
for America to enlist, if possible, in the cause
of the United States. After a variety of mis-
fortunes, including two shipwrecks, he arrived
in New York on September 21, 1898, with
but a sixpence in his pocket.

He was considerably disappointed over the
fact that the war with Spain had been ended
while he was on the ocean and that an oppor-
tunity to fight for his adopted country was
lost, but the eighteen-year-old youth secured
work at his trade and soon earned money to
go to Boston, from which city he later removed
to Concord. Here he worked for his brother
for about a year and on January 16, 1900,
opened his own tailoring establishment on
School street on borrowed capital of $2.50.

With the beginning of his career in the
tailoring business came his enlistment in
Company C of the N. H. N. G. By diligence
and hard work he saved considerable money
and gained a fair education, for as he sat on
the bench working the needle, one eye was
glued on a text-book of history or grammar
which lay beside him. Following his mar-
riage in 1904, he engaged in the real estate
business with a great degree of success so
that when fire destroyed the old Durgin
factory on School street in 1911 he had enough

to purchase the ruins. Working nights in
the tailor shop, he spent his days cleaning
up the immense heap of blackened bricks.

In June, 1911, the cornerstone of his
theatre was laid and on October 14 of
the next year it was completed and under
his management has been most successful
ever since. His intentions now are to erect
another larger modern picture theatre on the
Pleasant street site of the old Dunklee
stables.

By displaying the same hearty interest in
state militia affairs that he did to his business.

Capt. Jacob Conn

Mr. Conn ascended the successive rounds of
promotion until on January 28, 1914, he
became captain of Company C, which office
he still fills in a most creditable manner. In
every phase of municipal affairs he is deeply
interested and has thrown his theatre open
time and time again without charge in the
interests of civic uplift. The fact that he
has recently relinquished his tailoring busi-
ness and will devote his whole effort to the
theatrical field gives him a wider opportunity
to interest himself in the affairs of the city
and state.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

THOMAS BELLOWS PECK

Thomas Bellows Peck, born in Walpole,
N. H., August 18, 18 4, died in Salem, Mass.,
January 2, 1915.

He was a graduate of Harvard University,
of the class of 1863. He was a versatile man
and his activities in life were many. For
many years he was prominent as a diamond
expert; but later in life was devoted to genea-
logical research, and wrote several books
along that line. He also became known from
his lectures on "Harvard in the Early Six-
ties." He was a member of the Massachu-
setts Genealogical Society, and was treasurer
of the Walpole, N. H., public library from
1901 to 1911. He was unmarried and the
last of his family.

COL. JOHN F. MARSH
Col. John F. Marsh, a native of the town of
Hudson, born February 1, 1828, son of Fitch
P. and Mary Jane (Emery) Marsh, died at
his home in Springfield, Mass., January 10,
1915.

He was educated in the public schools and
at the Crosby Literary Institute in Nashua.
He served in the Ninth United States
Infantry, under Capt. George Bowers and
Gen. Franklin Pierce in the Mexican War,
and participated in the battles of Contreras,
Churubusco, Molino Del Rey and the storming
of Chapultepec. After the war he taught
school for a time in his native town but when
the California "gold fever" broke out in
1849, he sailed from Galveston, Texas, around
the Horn, being four months making the
journey, but clearing up several thousand
dollars within a year after his arrival in Cali-
fornia. Later he established a trading post
there. In 1855 he was appointed a special
agent in the postal service between New York
and San Francisco. In 1856 he settled in
Hastings, Mich., where he was soon made
postmaster and was later chosen mayor.
Upon the outbreak of the Civil War he
enlisted in the Sixth Wisconsin Infantry,
was appointed a lieutenant, and soon pro-
moted to captain. Wounded in the battle of
Gainesville he was later made lieutenant-
colonel of the Twelfth New Hampshire; but
another severe wound at Chancellorsville
compelled his retirement from active service,
and he was transferred to the veteran reserve
corps. April 20, 1865, he was commissioned
colonel of the Twenty-fourth United States
colored infantry, but declined the office,
doubting the expediency of enlisting the freed
men as soldiers. He was brevetted Colonel
"for gallant and meritorious service at the
battle of Chancellorsville," and in August,
1865, resigned from the army. In Novem-
ber, 1866, he was appointed pension agent
at Concord, but soon resigned to engage in

paper manufacturing in Nashua, where he
remained till 1874, when he removed to
Springfield, Mass., where he established the
Springfield Glazed Paper Company, of
which he was treasurer and general manager,
for more than a quarter of a century till his
retirement from active business. He was
elected to the Massachusetts House of Repre-
sentatives in 1899, and to the State Senate in
1901 and 1902.

Colonel Marsh was a Mason and a member
of the Loyal Legion. He had been twice
married, and leaves one son, Frank W. Marsh
of Springfield.

HON. EZRA S. STEARNS
Hon. Ezra S. Stearns, formerly, for many
years Secretary of the State of New Hamp-
shire, born in Rindge, September 1, 1838, died
in Fitchburg, Mass., March 8, 1915.

Mr. Stearns was educated in the public
schools and at Chester Institute, Chester,
N. J. He commenced active life in journal-
ism, becoming editor and manager of the
Fitchburg Daily Chronicle. Returning to his
native town he engaged in historical and gen-
ealogical research, and later in public affairs.
He served as a representative from Rindge in
the legislatures of 1864-5-6-7 and 1870, as a
state senator from 1886 to 1890, and as a
representative again in 1891, and as Secretary
of State from 1891 to 1899, when he resigned,
removing shortly after to Fitchburg, Mass.,
where he had since had his home.

He was a historical and genealogical stu-
dent and writer, and was particularly con-
versant with the history of New Hampshire.
He was the author of a history of Rindge, of
Plymouth, and of Ashburnham, Mass., was
a prolific contributor to historical magazines
and published many monograms bearing on
historical and genealogical subjects. He was
a member of the New Hampshire Historical
Society, New England Historic Genealogical
Society, the American Antiquarian Society of
Worcester, the Minnesota Historical Society
and the Fitchburg Historical Society. He
received the honorary degree of Master of
Arts from Dartmouth College in 1887.

ROBERT B. UPHAM

Robert Baxter Upham, a grandson of Hon.
George B. Upham of Claremont, one of the
early New Hampshire Congressmen, and a
son of the late Dr. James Baxter Upham of
Boston, died at his home in Claremont, Febru-
ary 6, 1915, at the age of 52 years.

He was born in Boston, January 25, 1863,
was educated at St. Mark's School at South-
boro, Mass., and Harvard College, and was for
two years engaged in banking in Kansas.
Later he removed to New York, where he was
interested in railroad affairs and the paving

New Hampshire Necrology

industry, but retired from business two years
ago on account of failing health, and settled in
Claremont, on the old Upham homestead.
His wife, whom he married in 1896, survives
him. She was Ruth B., a daughter of the
late James P. Upham. Mr. Upham was a
student and a lover of literature, with strong
poetic tastes and a personal gift in that
direction, as shown by his Anniversary poem,
ori the occasion of the recent One Hundred
Fiftieth Anniversary of Claremont.

MRS. EMILY L. BECKWITH.

Emily Louisa (Parker) Beckwith, widow of
the late Ransom P. Beckwith of Lempster,
died at the residence of her son in Claremont,
February 12, 1915.

Mrs. Beckwith was the daughter of the
late Benjamin and Olive (Nichols) Parker
of Lempster born July 2, 1827. She was a
sister of Hiram Parker of that town and Hon.
Hosea W. Parker of Claremont. She attended
school in her native town and at Lebanon, and
taught for some time previous to her marriage
in 1848. Her husband died in 1862, leaving her
with two sons— the late Prof. Walter P. Beck-
with, for some time principal of the Salem,
Mass., Normal School, and Hira R., a promi-
nent architect and builder of Claremont — for
whose education she made many sacrifices, and
whose success was in no small degree attribu-
table to her wise care and guardianship. She
was a woman of rare intelligence, thoroughly
devoted to duty as she understood it, and an
earnest Universalist in her religious convic-
tions.

ALVAH B. CHELLIS.

Alvah Bean Chellis, a prominent citizen of
Plainfield, died at his home in Meriden Vil-
lage, February 14, 1915.

Mr. Chellis was a native of Grantham, a
son of John P. and Lucinda (Bean) Chellis,
and removed with his parents to Plainfield,
when about fourteen years of age. He was
educated at Kimball Union Academy and was
for several years engaged in teaching after
graduation. Subsequently he returned to
the home farm, where he continued till about
a year before his death when he removed to
Meriden Village. He had served some years
as chairman of the board of selectmen, as a
member of the school board and as superin-
tending committee. He was active and
prominent in Masonry and a past master
of Meriden Grange P. of H. October 19,
1870, he married Harriett L. Rossiter, of
Windsor', Vt. who survives, with one son,
Converse A., of Meriden, a graduate of
Dartmouth College.

LESLIE W. CATE

Leslie W. Cate, a well-known citizen of
Northwood and a member of the Cate-
Quimby Shoe Company of that town, died at
his home in that town January 14, 1915, after
a long illness.

Mr. Cate was born in Strafford, July 25,
1857, son of William and Nancy (Scruton)
Cate, and was educated in the public schools
and at Northwood Seminary. He learned
the shoe manufacturing business in youth,
being engaged in different places, but for the
last ten years was in business in Northwood,
where he filled a large place in the esteem of
his fellow townsmen, on account of his high
character and devoted citizenship as well as
his business integrity. He was prominent
in Masonry and Odd Fellowship, had been
master of the Northwood Grange, and secre-
tary of Eastern New Hampshire Pomona
Grange. In religion he was actively identi-
fied with the Free Baptist Church.

Mr. Cate was twice married — first, in
1877, to Miss Abbie I. Hill of Northwood,
who died five years later; second, in 1888, to
Miss Harriet B. Bennett of Newmarket, who
survives him, as does one son, Russell, and
one brother, Joseph Cate of Lee.

JAMES L. GERRISH
James L. Gerrish, born in that part of
Boscawen now Webster, May 11, 1838, died
at the residence of his son, in Lowell, Mass,
January 21, 1915.

Mr. Gerrish was a descendant, in the eighth
generation, from Capt. William Gerrish of
Bristol, England, who settled in Newbury,
Mass., in 1639. His great grandfather, Col.
Henry Gerrish marched from Boscawen to
Medford, Mass., after the battle of Lexington,
as a captain of minute-men, and served as
lieutenant-colonel in Stark's regiment in the
Bennington Campaign. Moses Gerrish, his
grandfather, cleared up the farm upon which
he was born, nearly a century and a quarter
ago, on which farm he remained with hia
brother, Dea. H. H. Gerrish, throughout his
entire active fife. He was educated in the
public schools and at the Academies at
Hopkinton, Reed's Ferry and Boscawen.

He was prominent in agricultural affairs
for many years, and devoted much thought
and care to experimentation along various
lines including the breeding of sheep and
Channel Island cattle, as well as forestry
and fertilization, and wrote extensively for
the agricultural press. In politics he was a
Republican and served his town as a select-
man and as a representative in 1883, serving
as Chairman of the Agricultural College
Committee. He was for many years secre-
tary of the Granite State Dairymen's Associa-
tion, was a Patron of Husbandry and had been
lecturer of Daniel Webster and Merrimack
County Pomona Granges. He was a mem-
ber of Company E, Sixteenth New Hamp-
shire Volunteers in the Civil War, having
been promoted and mustered out with his
regiment in August, 1863. In religion he was
a Congregationalist and an active and inter-
ested member of the church in Webster
where he long sang in the choir with Dea.
Henry F. Pearson, who rendered a solo at the

The Granite Monthly

last service in his associate's memory at the
old homestead on January 23, last.

Mr. Gerrish was twice married, first to
Sarah B. Chandler of Penacook, December
22, 1864, by whom he had three children, two
of them now living, — Edwin C. a graduate
of the New Hampshire College, now of Lowell,

Mass., and Mabel A., wife of Charles B. Page,
now of Monroe, Mich. January 9, 1894,
some years after his first wife's decease, he
married Mrs. Mary S. Kenevel of Fort Scott,
Kansas, who, with the children named and
seven grandchildren, as well as a step-son,
George D. Kenevel — survives.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

Unforeseen conditions rendered impossible
the publication of this double number of the
Granite Monthly for February and March
at as early a date as had been hoped and
expected. It is safe to say, however, that
the April number will be issued before the
close of the month, while it is the present
purpose of the publisher to issue a double
number for May and June in the nature of a
souvenir edition commemorative of the
one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the
charter of Concord, granted by the Pro-
vincial Legislature June 7, 1765, plans for
the formal celebration of which are now
being perfected, the city government having
voted an appropriation of $2,500 to defray
the necessary expenses of the same.

While the anniversary proper, above re-
ferred to, will come on Monday it is proposed
that the celebration shall practically cover
three days, appropriate religious services
being held in all the churches of the city on
Sunday morning, June 6, with a union service
in which all the churches shall join, at the
Auditorium or some other central gathering
place in the evening. On Monday, the 7th,
a grand military and civic parade is planned
for the forenoon, and a programme of appro-
priate exercises in the afternoon; while for
Tuesday, the 8th, a trade and industrial
parade in the morning, a grand legislative
reunion at the State House in the middle of
the day, followed by an automobile parade
in the afternoon, are the contemplated fea-
tures, with sports and band concerts at
proper intervals each day, and a historical
pageant Monday afternoon. The necessary
committees have been announced and the
work of preparation will be entered upon
immediately.

was the rival of the former as a candidate for
the permanent seat of the State Govern-
ment a hundred years ago, or more, is
planning a similar celebration to come off
some time in the summer — probably at the
opening of Old Home Week, in August, the
sum of $500 having been appropriated at
the recent annual town meeting for the
purpose, which is a liberal amount, indeed,
for a town of its size and valuation. The
charter of the town was granted January 10,
1765, but the celebration could not fittingly
be held at that season of the year, but can
most appropriately be held in Old Home
Week, when we may look for a general
home coming of the town's absent sons and
daughters, now scattered far and wide.

While Concord is preparing for a fitting
celebration of her one hundred and fiftieth
anniversary, the town of Hopkinton, which

An organization, to be known as the "Civic
Union," has been formed in Concord for the
purpose of insuring the coordination and
cooperation of all the forces and agencies
working for civic betterment and the pro-
motion of the general welfare — an example
which other cities and the larger towns of
the state may do well to follow. Harry F.
Lake, Esq., is the president; Harriet L.
Huntress, vice-president; Agnes Mitchell,
secretary; and Elwin L. Page, treasurer,
with a council of fifteen, of which the officers
are also ex-officio members, constituting a
governing board. Meetings are to be held
bi-monthly or oftener if deemed desirable.

The legislature of 1915 is still in session as
this issue of the Granite Monthly goes to
press, with a good deal of necessary work
uncompleted, and fully as much purely
partisan work done, or approaching comple-
tion, as was undertaken two years ago.
What shall be done with reference to the
railroad problem, which in its complexity
seems almost to defy solution, is the upper-
most question in the legislative mind as the
end approaches.

HON. A. CHESTER CLARK
Judge of the Concord Municipal Court

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVII, No. 4

APRIL, 1915

New Series, Vol. 10, No. 4

HON. A. CHESTER CLARK

By William E. Wallace

Although an unflinching Democrat,
not over-selfish, had Judge Allan
Chester Clark not felt a tingle of
self-gratulation at the distinguished
consideration shown him by Governor
Rolland H. Spaulding and the Council
by his appointment to the municipal
court bench of Concord, he would not
have been human. When the an-
nouncement of the appointments of
justices came after the reorganization
of the courts and this list was scanned
with a memory of the governor's
earlier edict that those who had made
good would be retained, regardless
of politics, the only possible assump-
tion was that of all the Democrats
named by Governor Felker, Judge
Clark was one of scarcely half a
dozen that responded to the Spaulding
test of fitness.

Without attempting any analysis
of the governor's method of reasoning
as to the other Democratic judges,
there is no gainsaying that he hewed
close to his rule in the case of Judge
Clark. For the judge did make good.
His work was so eminently satis-
factory that there never was the least
doubt that he would be reappointed
from the moment the leaders of the
legislature had determined to include
the district courts in their retaliatory
program. The endorsements of Judge
Clark were so general as to be almost
monotonous. If there were many in
Concord who did not wish him re-
tained, they kept the fact to them-
selves, and though doubtless there
were those who would not have been
averse to serving as justice in the

mucinipal court of that city, none
came forward to let it be known.

The reason is simple. The judge
took his .work seriously and applied
his time and talent to seeing that
everybody got his just due in the
court. He is a firm believer in the
probation system, and, in the absence
of any statutory provision for that
method in the disposition of adult
criminal matters, he did in Concord
what Judge Ben B. Lindsey had done
in Denver — made one of his own.
This meant extra work, inasmuch as
he was without the necessary machin-
ery to carry the plan out unless he
did it himself. That is what he did
do and is doing. When anybody gets
a chance to go forth and try again in
Judge Clark's court, the condition
attached to the chance is that he shall
show the judge that he is really tread-
ing the straight and narrow path.
The probationer is expected to keep
in touch with the court until the
judge is satisfied he is actually going
straight.

His particular interest is in the
domestic relations phase of the social
problem. He has little consideration
for the man who wilfully shirks his
responsibility to wife or children, but
he works on the theory that the aver-
age man who fails to support his
family can by proper attention be
made to do so. Anyway, it is eco-
nomically wasteful to send a man to
jail where the county must support
him and, in nine cases out of ten,
support the dependent wife and chil-
dren as well while the man is in jail.

The Granite Monthly

Judge Clark has found that most men
brought before him gladly promise to
mend their ways and, except in
especially flagrant cases, the chance
is given. But his connection with
the case does not end with the lecture
in the court room. Judge Clark sees
to it that the man actually does sup-
port his family and, where it appears
necessary, he requires that the man
turn over his pay to the court or some
responsible person and the money is
expended under the direction of the
court. Always when possible he
keeps the family together, but where
this is impracticable he compels the
father to support his children in
some other home, or in an institution.
All of this imposes much gratuitous
labor upon himself, but the satisfac-
tion that comes to him from the con-
templation of reunited and happy
families is ample compensation.

The knowledge of what Judge Clark
has been doing along this line was one
of the more important reasons for
the demand that he be retained when
the courts were reorganized. Another
was his study of the juvenile delin-
quent problem, which really is a by-
product of unfavorable home sur-
roundings in a majority of instances,
and his success in working out a solu-
tion of it.

The demand for the retention of
Judge Clark was not confined to ex-
pressions from Concord citizens and
those within the court district es-
tablished by the legislature of 1913,
which included several neighboring
towns. What the judge had been
doing, in the way of common-sense
administration of justice, spread be-
yond the confines of his jurisdiction
and frequent requests that he come
and tell them what he was doing were
made upon him. The result was
that, when the reorganization of the
courts, through return to power of the
Republican party, was threatened
and still later accomplished, numerous
sponsors for Judge Clark's reap-
pointment sent in requests to Gover-
nor Spaulding and his councilors.

They desired his continuance as jus-
tice of the court in Concord for the
good effect it might have on justices
in other cities and towns.

Judge Clark was born July 4, 1877,
on the Clark homestead farm, cleared
in the wilderness by his paternal
great-grandfather, William Clark,
about a century and a quarter ago,
in what is now Center Harbor. So
he comes of hardy stock and early
showed a disposition to "get out and
shape his own destiny, being moved
by much the same spirit as that of
his ancestor when he went into the
woods on the shore of Winnipesaukee
with his axe. There was the same old
independence of character, the differ-
ence being that while his forbear suc-
cumbed to the call of the wild, it was
the desire for an education that was
the lure prompting him to sally forth
from the home farm in his fifteenth
year to shift for himself. He had
exhausted the resources of the country
schools of Center Harbor. While he
was attending the high school in
Meredith, he worked in stores and in
the town printing office in order to
earn money to pay his way, for when
he left home it was with the deter-
mination to take care of himself
without assistance from home.

He made good in this intention as
he has in everything else he has tried
except one, not counting, of course,
a few political forlorn hopes he enter-
tained from time to time in situations
where Democrats were fore-ordained
to defeat. There have been some
extremely lean periods in his career,
but remittances from home never
came to alleviate them. When he
completed the courses the Meredith
High School had to offer, he went to
the New Hampton Literary Institu-
tion. He completed the English and
scientific courses and then returned
to prepare for college. Inasmuch as
he was paying his own way, necessarily
there were some breaks in his school-
ing. One of these came in 1901 after
he had finished the college prepara-
tory course.

Hon. A. Chester Clark

During his stay at New Hampton
he had been connected with the
Hamptonia, the school paper, either
as editor-in-chief or business manager,
for four years. At this time Clarence
B. Burleigh, the founder of the Hamp-
tonia, was managing editor of the
Daily Kennebec Journal, the organ
of Governor, now Senator, Edwin C.
Burleigh at Augusta, Maine, and,
appreciating the talent Clark had
shown in building up the school
paper, the managing editor figured
he would be a valuable addition to
the Journal staff. He offered Clark
a position on the city staff and the
latter accepted and broke into news-
paper work under the tutelage of his
predecessor on the Hamptonia. He
remained there until the fall of 1902,
when he entered Dartmouth College.
In his sophomore year he was forced
to discontinue his college career for
financial reasons.

At this stage of his development
there was a reversion to type. Real
estate appealed to him as a likely
road to wealth. He did not shoulder
an axe, though, and strike into a
wilderness. He opened an office in
Meredith and essayed to turn over
farms and town property already
developed into summer homes. This
is where he scored his big failure.
Instead of money rolling in, he piled
up debts and he took the unusual
course of turning to the study of law,
instead of selling insurance, for re-
lief. He began reading law with
Bertram Blaisdell, incidental to his
real estate business at Meredith.
Finally it was borne home to him that
real estate was not his forte as a side-
issue and during the session of the
legislature in 1905 he came to Concord
to try his hand at general newspaper
work, while continuing his law studies.
He read in the offices of Gen. John H.
Albin and Joseph A. Donigan, inter-
mittently with his newspaper work,
until his admission to the bar on
June 27, 1913. Since that time he has
devoted his energies exclusively to the
practice of his profession, on the

bench in the lower court and in his
private practice in the other state and
the federal courts.

Judge Clark was appointed to the
bench six weeks after he was admitted
to the bar, having previously served as
Clerk of the District Court under Asso-
ciate Justice Willis G. Buxton, now jus-
tice of the Boscawen Police Court.

Politics always had a strong attrac-
tion for Judge Clark. He held several
minor offices in Center Harbor, al-
though he never attained election
to the Board of Selectmen of the
town — a great regret to him- — as every
generation of the Clarks from the
settling of his great-grandfather in the
town, down to the present, has sat
on the Board. In 1902, while a
Freshman at Dartmouth, he was
nominated on both tickets, Republi-
can and Democratic, for delegate
to the Constitutional Convention and
was elected, being the youngest dele-
gate in the body. Ten years later he
served as secretary of the next Con-
stitutional Convention, being the lone
Democrat in the organization of that
convention.

He is a fluent speaker, in either
formal discourse or casual conversa-
tion. In his school days at New
Hampton he won the Bates College
debating prize in 1900.

The social instinct is strongly de-
veloped in Judge Clark, with the
result that he is connected with a
large number of organizations. He is
a member of the American Institute
of Criminal Law and Criminology
and of the New Hampshire Bar Asso-
ciation, among those identified with
his profession. He still retains his
association with his former fellow-
craftsmen in the journalistic field by
membership in the New Hampshire
Press Association, and is a member
of the Wonolancet, the Temple, the
Unitarian and Beaver Meadow Golf,
social clubs in his home city. In
fraternal circles he belongs to Cho-
corua Lodge, A. F. & A. M., of Mere-
dith; to Concord Lodge, Knights of
Pythias; Augusta Young Temple, Py-

The Granite Monthly

thian Sisterhood and Capital Grange.
In the Knights of Pythias he is a
Past Chancellor of Concord Lodge
and a Past Deputy Grand Chancellor
of the Grand Lodge. He is also a
member of the Sons of the American
Revolution and the New Hampshire
Historical Society, and a director in
the Concord Board of Trade.

Much has been written in the press
about the delays of Governor Samuel
D. Felker— more about that phase
of his administration, as a matter of

fact, than any other thus far. When
the Felker administration is measured
later on, without a speedometer in
mind, it will be admitted that he
gave the Commonwealth service of a
high order through the quality of his
appointments. But with regard to
the delays, it seems to be pretty
generally agreed that, both for his
own fame and Judge Clark's, his
deliberation in selecting a district
police justice in Concord was fortu-
nate all around.

LOOKING DOWN THE VALLEY

By Cyrus A. Stone

We have climbed a rugged pathway, we have scaled the mountain wall,
And we stand upon the summit in the sunset's waning light,

Before us lies the valley where the lengthening shadows fall,
That foretell the speedy coming of the night.

We think how very quickly our little day has fled,

With its chances 'and its changes, its scenes of light and shade:

Though a thousand memories linger as we walk with cautious tread
Above the burial places where our fondest hopes were laid.

Our dreams are of the absent ones, so worthy, wise and true,
Who filled with lofty purpose the measure of their days;

They wrought with willing hands awhile, then passed beyond our view,
And nevermore in human guise shall walk earth's thorny ways.

They could not tarry longer, for each heavy task was done;

With heart and hand grown weary, they sought the promised rest,
And, homeward through the gloaming, they hastened one by one,

When the paling sunset's afterglow lit up the golden west.

We trust they do not slumber, those whom we held most dear,
The grave could not confine them within its cold embrace,-

But in a fairer country, and a purer atmosphere,

We shall see them, we shall know them, we shall meet them face to face.

And sweet will be the meeting, though the parting has been long;

The joy more true and tender than we ever knew before,
And our voices will ring clearer in the grand triumphant song,

As with footsteps never failing we walk the "shining shore."

Then let the shadows gather as the night comes stealing on,
Draping with sable curtains the landscape cold and gray,

Beyond the darkening valley is the bright immortal dawn

That shall break in changeless beauty o'er the green hills far away.

HISTORY OF THE CONGREGATIONAL
CHURCH OF MEREDITH, N. H.

By Sarah M. Noyes*

In the ancient records of the Con-
gregational Church in Meredith is
found the following statement:

At a meeting of a council of ministers
convened at Mr. Moses Morse's in Center
Harbor, by letters missive from Rev. Edward
Warren missionary, in behalf of an intended
church to be organized the same as a Congre-
gational Church. Present Rev. d Messrs.
Shaw, Hidden, Hebard, Turner, Field and
Mr. Warren, on the 20 th of February, 1815.
After organizing and deliberating for some
time, unanimously agreed on the subject, and
repaired to the House of Worship.

The meeting was opened by prayer,
and the articles of faith and the cov-
enant were read. Thirteen men and
women presented letters from other
churches and assented to the cove-
nant, which they signed. Mr. Moses
Morse was chosen to be their deacon.
The church thus organized was re-
ceived into the fellowship of the Con-
gregational Churches, and received
the name of "The Congregational
Church of Christ in Center Harbor
and Meredith, third division."

The place of meeting was probably
a small church building west of Center
Harbor village, which had been used
by different denominations. It was
erected in 1812.

The First Congregational Society
in Meredith was incorporated by act
of the New Hampshire Legislature in
1817, and was authorized to transact
all legal business of the church. This
society was made up of men, not
necessarily members of the church,
and numbered twenty-two members
at this time. Many years later women
were allowed to join the society.

The first meeting was held at David
Bean's Inn; David Bean was chosen
moderator, and John Sanborn clerk.

For four years the church had no
pastor, but quarterly conferences were
held, and preaching services at the
old meeting houses in Center Harbor,
and Meredith, alternately. Pastors of
neighboring churches, or ministers
sent by a Massachusetts society, con-
ducted these meetings until they came
under the care of the New Hampshire
Home Missionary Society.

The earnest spirit of these early
members is indicated by the following
vote passed in 1816; viz: "To worship
God statedly in a public manner on
the Sabbath, even when they had no
preaching."

They also passed this resolution:
"Resolved, that we regard the private
worship of God as of vital importance.
Every head of a family in the church
is required to worship God in a social
manner in his home, morning and
evening."

The first pastor of the church was
Rev. David Smith, who was installed
March 24, 1819, and died in 1824.
We are indebted to his daughter, Mrs.
Eunice True, for interesting particu-
lars of this pastorate, given in letters
written some years ago. She also
sent silhouettes of her father and
mother.

From Temple, in the District of
Maine, Rev. David Smith came with
his wife, six children and household
goods. The distance was 130 miles;
the conveyance an ox team, and sled,
with canvas cover. Ten days were
required for this journey, which, in
March, with the probable condition
of the roads, must have required the
spirit of genuine pioneers.

The home to which they came was
the house now occupied by Mrs.
James Hines, about a mile from the
village on the road to Center Harbor.

♦Read at the One Hundredth Anniversary Celebration of the Congregational Churches of Meredith and
Center Harbor, February 22, 1915.

The Granite Monthly

The room now used as a kitchen was
the minister's study. The minister
received a salary of $200 per year.

One Saturday afternoon, Mr.
Smith was at work in his field, plant-
ing corn, when one of his deacons,
Doctor Sanborn, rode by on horse-
back, with his saddle-bags. He
stopped, and said, "Mr. Smith, I am
surprised to see you here; you ought
to be in your study Saturday after-
noon, instead of working in vour
field."

"Yes," the good minister replied,
"but my family must have bread, and
I must plant my corn to furnish it.
I feel rich when I can have Saturday
afternoon in my study, but I can't
have even that today."

The old meeting house was situated
on the other side of the road not far
from the parsonage. It was a plain,
wooden building not plastered, and
too cold for comfort in winter; and
meetings in cold weather were held
in the school-house. Mr. Smith died
of consumption in 1824. Mrs. Smith
outlived her husband two years. She
was a cripple at this time and walked
to church with a crutch and kitchen
chair, sitting down by the way to
rest.

The church numbered forty-one
members at the time of Mr. Smith's
death. The next pastor was Rev.
Reuben Porter, who was installed
January 1, 1829, and dismissed April
27, 1830. Eleven members were
added to the church during this brief
period.

Rev. Joseph Lane was installed
April 20, 1831. At this time the name
of the First Congregational Church
in Meredith was assumed. In March,

1832, the society records show that
a vote was passed "to build a meeting
house without a cupola." This was
completed and dedicated February 7,

1833. It was situated at the foot of
Meredith hill near the Lake shore.
The pews were sold "at vendue" and
struck off to the highest bidder. After
this, meetings were held in the new
church one-half the time; one-half of

the remaining time at Center Harbor,
and the remaining half in the old
church at the top of the hill, which
was left standing for some time.

This was a period of rapid growth in
the church. A printed sketch of the
history of the church, in speaking of
Mr. Lane, says that "he was formerly
a missionary to the Choctaw Indians" ;
and that "the revival of religion
which took place during his pastorate
gave an entirely new aspect to
the moral atmosphere of the town."
During the year 1831, thirty-two
members were received into the
church, many of them business men
of the town, with their wives. Six-
teen members were added in 1832, a
total of forty-eight during Mr. Lane's
pastorate.

In 1833, Mr. Lane was requested
by the New Hampshire Bible Society
to become their agent, and decided it
his duty to do so.

The religious interest continued
during the two years' pastorate of
Rev. Abram Wheeler, and twenty-
eight were received into membership.
About this time, Miss Jane B. Leavitt,
a member of this church, became a
missionary of the Board of Foreign
Missions. She married Rev. John L.
Seymour, and they were missionaries
among the Indians many years.

Judith Leavitt, who joined in 1833,
became the wife of Rev. John Taylor,
joined the Baptist Church, and went
with her husband as a missionary to
Siam. Her health failed, and on the
voyage home she died, and was buried
in the ocean.

A prominent member of this family
was Dudley Leavitt, the astronomer.
He was not a member of the church.
At one evening meeting his wife made
one of her fervent prayers that her
husband might be saved. After she
sat down, her husband arose, and said,
"We read in God's word, that the
unbelieving husband shall be justified
by the prayers of the believing wife,"
took his hat, and walked out. Their
son, Isaac Leavitt, with his wife, w r ere
devout members of the church; and

The Congregational Church of Meredith, N. H.

their descendants still live in the an-
cestral home, and are faithful to the
church of their ancestors.

Rev. Eli W. Taylor was installed
pastor March 28, 1838. The church
in Center Harbor was organized April
8, and letters of dismission and rec-
ommendation to that church were

forever abolished: and that we will
not knowingly commune with slave-
holders as Christians: and that we
will not have a slave holder as a
Christian minister."

In 1837 "a committee was ap-
pointed to put the price upon produce
that may be paid to the minister."

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, MEREDITH, N. H.

Dedicated February 7, 1833. Removed to Present Location in 1842.
Remodeled and Repaired in 1871.

given to fourteen members. During
the pastorate of Mr. Taylor there were
thirty accessions.

In 1841 he resigned, and took letters
to a church in Richmond, Va. In
1841 this church passed the following
resolution: "Resolved that Slave-
holding under all possible circum-
stances, is a sin against God and man,
and ought to be immediately and

Also a committee "to see that the
minister is supplied with the common
necessaries of life." A committee
was also appointed "to see that the
Boys be kept in their proper place
during public worship." In 1842 a
resolution was passed affirming that
"the use of Ardent Spirits as a bever-
age, and the traffic in it is sin."
November 22, 1842, Rev. Giles

100

The Granite Monthly

Leach was installed pastor of the
church, and remained until 1854.
During this period, thirty-two joined
the church. The oldest living mem-
ber, Mrs. Sarah Badger Smith, joined
in 1842, and is the only survivor of
this period.

Mr. Leach was an earnest preacher,
and a faithful pastor and became
closely identified with the people of
the town during these years. His
wife was greatly beloved. Two
daughters married residents of the
town, Mrs. Dr. Henry Sanborn, and
Mrs. J. W. Lang, Jr. When Mr.
Leach resigned his pastorate the
church gave expression to their deep
appreciation of his faithfulness and
ability while among them, as a pastor,
a Christian and a man. In 1842 the
church building was moved to its
present location on Highland Street.

During the two years succeeding
Mr. Leach's pastorate, the pulpit was
supplied by Rev. Edward T. Farwell,
and Rev. Isaac F. Holton.

Rev. Charles Burnham received a
call to the pastorate December, 1856,
and remained until 1871, the longest
continuous pastorate in the history
of the church. Mr. Burnham was for
several years superintending school
committee of the town.

During the period of the Civil War,
large numbers of the men of the town
were away in the army, and the work
of the church was carried on by the
older men and the women. The con-
gregations were diminished as a mat-
ter of course.

The house which was standing on
the spot where the parsonage is now
located was purchased by Mr. Joseph
W. Lang in 1867 or 1868, and was
used as parsonage for many years,
until it was moved off and the present
parsonage' was built.

In 1865, we find recorded the resig-
nation of two faithful deacons, Dr.
John Sanborn, and Richard Furber.
Doctor Sanborn was one of the
earliest members, joining in 1817.
About the same time he was elected
clerk of the church, and kept the

records until 1857, except for the
years 1831-2, when Mr. Lane acted
as clerk. He was also deacon for
about the same period.

Deacon Furber joined the church in
1831, and was deacon for many years.

Their successors in this office were
Deacon Levi Leach, and Deacon
Daniel Norris. Others who have held
the office were Horatio Newell, George
Wiley, Charles D. Miloon, George
H. Norris, David Whitcher and Frank
Bartlett. Fifty names were added to
the church roll, during Mr. Burnham's
pastorate.

In 1868, through the efforts of Mr.
David Metcalf, money was raised by
subscription for a new church organ.
Mr. Metcalf was organist for several
years; he was succeeded by Mrs. Mary
Rollins, who, with Judge Rollins, were
untiring in their efforts in the choir,
as well as in the church and society
during their lifetime.

Mr. Burnham's pastorate closed in
1871. Extensive repairs and altera-
tions were made in the church edifice
during the months following. The
church was enlarged, the square
tower removed and the spire added.
Many individual gifts were made.
The bell was given by Mrs. Joseph W.
Lang; the chandelier by Mrs. George
W. Lang; the pulpit by Mrs. Metcalf;
the pulpit lamps by Mrs. Irene Smith;
the Communion table by Mrs. S. W.
Rollins; the organ lamps by Mrs. N.
B. Wadleigh; the pulpit chairs by
several other ladies. Total expense
of repairs and gifts, $4,368.83.

After the church was ready for use,
several months elapsed before a pastor
was secured. Many candidates were
heard, but it seemed difficult to unite
on any one. At length, however, Rev.
George I. Bard received and accepted
a call to become pastor of the church,
in 1872. At this time a very large
congregation assembled every Sun-
day; the Sunday school was large and
flourishing.

Previous to this time the weekly
prayer meetings were held at the
homes of the members of the church,

The Congregational Church of Meredith, N, H.

101

and were attended by few except the
older members. Now a forward
movement was made by renting
rooms upstairs in the block owned by
P. D. Blaisdell, where meetings and
social gatherings were held. In 1878
the chapel was built.

The Gospel Temperance move-
ment which swept over the town in
1879 brought a transformation of
conditions. Mr. Bard, with the
church, entered heartily into the
work. A deeply religious spirit char-
acterized the meetings which had a
powerful and lasting influence over
many lives.

Mr. Bard resigned his pastorate in
1882.

In February, 1883, Rev. John E.
Wildey accepted a call, and was or-
dained and installed pastor of the
church. He brought a bride to the
parsonage and entered with enthu-
siasm upon his work. He is the only
former pastor present at this cen-
tennial gathering.

In 1886 he resigned his pastorate,
and for over a year the church, was
without a pastor. For the greater
part of this time, Rev. Frederic A.
Perkins supplied the pulpit, residing
with his sister, Mrs. Joseph W.
Lang.

In November, 1887, Rev. Gilbert
A. Curtis was installed pastor. Dur-
ing the period of his pastorate and
largely through his efforts the par-
sonage was built. His health failed,
and he spent the winter of 1891 in
the South, resigning his pastorate in
May of that year. There were
thirteen additions to the church
during his pastorate. Rev. Freeman
C. Libby was ordained and installed
pastor June 5, 1891. He also brought
a bride to the parsonage. He was
full of enthusiasm, and especially
interested in -active work for temper-
ance. He resigned in 1895, and was
dismissed by Council, with expres-
sions of confidence and approval.
There were sixteen additions to the
church during his pastorate.

The next pastor was Rev. Robert

T. Osgood, who began his work July,
1895. He was especially interested in
young people and full of enthusiasm.
After two years' service he was
obliged to give up the work he so
greatly loved, and resigned in Decem-
ber, 1897.

In July of that year, Judge Samuel
W. Rollins who had been for many
years an active member of the Society
and choir, and since September, 1895,
a member of the church, died very
suddenly.

Rev. George I. Bard and wife
spent some months at the home of
Mrs. Rollins subsequent to this, and
a call was extended to him to become
again the pastor of the church. He
accepted, and began his second pas-
torate January 1, 1898. For ten years
and six months Mr. and Mrs. Bard
gave themselves in loving service to
this church and people, making with
his previous pastorate a total of
twenty-one years. During this period
he won the respect and friendship of
many who never came to his church.
His charitable spirit and broad human
sympathy endeared him to all.

Failing strength compelled him to
relinquish pastoral work in 1908.
Two years later, while on a visit to
friends in Meredith, one morning he
was suddenly translated from earth
to the spiritual world. Mrs. Bard is
still a member of this church.

The town clock was the gift of
Miss Virginia B. Ladd, in 1903. Dur-
ing the same year, the interior of the
chapel was thoroughly renovated and
new seats and electric lights installed,
by Mrs. Mary R. Ward.

During the time of Mr. Bard's ill-
ness Dr. Willis P. Odell was tempo-
rarily resident in Meredith, and con-
sented to supply the pulpit for a few
months; and he finally became acting
pastor for a period of two years. His
eloquent sermons and genial manner
attracted large numbers to church;
and his marriage to one who was
always an attendant and worker in
the church, and whose family have
always been connected with the so-

102 The Granite Monthly

ciety, cemented the ties that still of such a union. Pastor and people

bind the people to him. begin a new century of work together,

July 20, 1911, the church extended united in working for the spiritual
a call to Rev. Ezra J. Riggs which he and moral regeneration of the corn-
accepted. After becoming acquainted munity and town,
with conditions in the town, he recog- But after all, who can write the
nized the truth that the religious in- history of a church? Names, dates,
terests of the people would be better buildings, meetings are but the ex-
served, if the work were more cen- ternal form, the shell. As a living
tralized and unified. The same con- vital power in a community, who can
viction was in the minds of many, record the history of a church?
The pastor of the Free Baptist Church The motive that brought these
agreed with Mr. Riggs that a federa- no ble men and women of the past
tion of the two churches was feasible together was a lofty purpose: To
and desirable. Committees were worship God publicly and in their
chosen to confer on the subject, and homes, to develop in their children
with the advice and assistance of reverence for things pure and holy;
State Secretaries Smith and Manter, pur ity of character and nobility in all
the federation was accomplished. dealings with their fellow men? They

A unanimous call was extended to had strong convictions and decision

Rev. Elmer T. Blake to the pastorate of character, and a vision of God and

of the federated churches. He ac- holy things that lifted their lives out

cepted, and began his work in Decern- of their narrow surroundings. To

ber, 1913. The results of a year of their successors they have left a

work together have shown the wisdom noble legacy, and a sacred trust.

KEARSARGE

By Carl Burell

So calm and grand beneath the morning sun,
When shadows shorten on the burning plain,

And we get restless over things undone.
Till weariness become? almost a pain.

So calm and grand when cool dark shadows creep,
Across the plain and up the eastern hills,

While we poor creatures toil and fear and weep,
As if life was one endless round of ills.

So calm and grand beneath the silent stars,
Wl en we get quiet because we are asleep,

Or wake to wonder what it is that mars

Our lives that we should worry, strive and weep.

So calm and grand! Stretch forth your shadow arms.

In benediction over mortal dust,
Take from our lives all foolish, false alarms,

And give us God-like love and love-like trust.

REMINISCENCES OF PORTSMOUTH

AUTHORS

C. A. Hazlett

For nearly half a century it has one of the bad boys who burned the

been my privilege to know the major- coach. Mayor Sise each year ob-

ity of the authors who were natives served the third of July by ordering

or residents of the "Old Town by the and eating ice cream in the same shop

Sea." This title was selected by where he and others celebrated the

Thomas Bailey Aldrich in 1874 for a burning of the coach. I find in the

contribution to Harper's Monthly and Portsmouth Journal of October 28,

in 1883 it was published with additions 1854, that the editor, C. W. Brewster,

in book form. The list of Portsmouth in his review of Aldrich's first book of

poets is a long one, for in 1864 my poems "The Bells" wrote — "Seven

high school master, Aurin M. Payson, years ago a lad of ten summers handed

in connection with the poet, Albert me a poetic address to his friends in

Laighton, compiled and issued the Portsmouth, which was juvenile but

"Poets of Portsmouth." Forty na- far in advance of one of his age."

tives of Portsmouth were considered Aldrich's acknowledgment of the

worthy of having their verses inserted, notice in a letter in my possession

Alphabetically the book included Al- wrote — "I was much amused at your

drich, Brewster, Fields, Kimball, reminiscense of my first verse. They

Laighton and Shillaber, all of whom came back to me like restored parts

I knew and will mention unpublished of an old painting. It seems years

incidents concerning them, and also ago that I climbed your office stairs,

of the later authors, Albee, Foss, manuscript in hand, and had my

Hackett and Thaxter. poetry published 'on my own hook.'

Concerning Thomas Bailey Al- I had not thought of it for six years,

drich, there is sufficient material to It is perhaps a little singular, my

cover many pages. It was mainly rhyming faculty deserted me and did

in his latter years that I knew and not return for several years. I thank

had correspondence with him while you for your indulgent notice of ' The

he was living in New York and Bells." This letter shows that Al-

Boston. Aldrich spent his summers drich was more precocious than his

in Portsmouth in the 50's and 60's. biographer, Ferris Greenslet, was

In 1868 he was giving all his spare aware of, for he fixed the date of Al-

time here in writing the story of drich 's contribution to the Journal

: 'The Bad Boy" which had and still four years later with the publication

has a great sale and has been trans- of "Sanbonio," which I find printed

lated into several foreign languages, in the Portsmouth Journal of June

When traveling in Russia, Aldrich 21, 1851, followed the same year by

noticed a small boy engrossed in a the "Atkinson House," reprinted in

book and asking his guide to ascer- the Rambles about Portsmouth,

tain the title was told it was a trans- At the age of nineteen Aldrich com-

lation of a "Story of A Bad Boy." posed the most famous of his early

The book made Rivermouth and poems, "Baby Bell," at the time of

Portsmouth famous. It had many the death of a child in his Aunt Frost's

local allusions, in nearly all of which family. It was written on the backs

he was an active participant; the of bills of lading while unloading a ves-

stage-coach incident, however, being sel in New York owned by his Uncle

an exception, for ex-mayor William Frost, and when re-written, the manu-

H. Sise told me that Aldrich was not script was declined by several maga-

104

The Granite Monthly

zines and finally published in the
Journal of Commerce. Yet it seems
to have swept through the country
like a piece of important news. It
was reprinted in the poets' corner of
the provincial press and it is hard to
find one of those quaint scrap books
that our grandmothers kept that does
not contain a copy.

In my collection of autograph
letters is one from Aldrich of recent
date deciding the location and occu-
pancy of his birthplace. A slight
error corrected by his wife shows he
was but a few weeks old when he was
moved from what is now known as the
"Laighton House" down the same
street to the house named by him the
"Nutter House." This house was
owned by his grandfather Thomas D.
Bailey (Grandfather Nutter) where
Aldrich spent the latter part of his
boyhood days until he entered his
uncle's office in New York City as a
clerk. The house was purchased by
his family and friends constituting
the incorporated association known
as "The Thomas Bailey Aldrich
Memorial" and restored with the old
Bailey furniture and household effects
as nearly as possible in appearance as
when he lived in it. Fortunately,
different members of the family re-
tained the contents of the house and
generously restored them. In the
fireproof building erected on the
premises are stored his personal ef-
fects, and a rare collection of books
that it was my pleasure and benefit to
aid in cataloging. ^The majority of
the volumes were presented and in-
scribed by the authors. I recall two
inscriptions: That of Helen Keller,
"From a bad girl to a bad boy," and
a characteristic one by Mark Twain,
"From your only friend." There
are many bound volumes of manu-
scripts just as they were corrected for
printing in the Atlantic Monthly dur-
ing the years Aldrich was its editor.
Also over a thousand letters from
prominent authors, all card cataloged.
In separate volumes are bound the
letters he received from Longfellow,

Lowell, Holmes and Whittier. Ten
thousand dollars was contributed by
friends to purchase and restore the
building, and an average of 2,500
visitors each year pays the running
expenses. It is the most complete
gathering of personal property of any
American author. It was a notable
gathering of famous authors that
made addresses at the dedication of
the buildings in June, 1908, of whom
there have passed away Mark Twain,
R. W. Gilder of the Century, and T.
W. Higginson. Of those who wrote
me as unable to attend, the banker-
poet, Stedman, Professor Norton,
Mrs. Phelps and others have joined
the majority. Mr. Henry M. Alden,
Editor of Harper's Magazine wrote
me: "I am always with those who
with love and admiration honor the
memory of one who in prose and
poetry was the most finished artist in
literature"; and Mark Twain said in
his unique address: "For combined
sociability and humorous pleasantness
no man was Aldrich 's peer; he was
always witty and always brilliant if
there was any one present capable of
striking his flint at the right angle."

The poems "Baby Bell" and "The
Piscataqua River" are the only ones
of his early poems that he allowed in
his later editions. He was a severe
critic, for he purchased at auction
prices and destroyed every copy of
one of his early books, ' Poems of the
Year," published in 1861.

Governor Ichabod Goodwin pre-
sented me with a letter addressed to
him by Aldrich offering his services
at the beginning of the Civil War in
1861. It came too late for the gov-
ernor to grant the commission and
later Aldrich went to the front as a
correspondent for The Tribune,- where
he gathered his material for his "War
Sketches," "Quite So" and "The
White Feather," and his poems,
"Fredericksburg" and "Shaw Me-
morial Ode."

Aldrich preceded me by about a
dozen years, but nearly all the char-
acters he introduced in his prose

Reminiscences of Portsmouth Authors 105

works lingered about our native town wards issued in two volumes entitled

making his books more real and life- "Rambles About Portsmouth."

like. I met daily Nickey Newman, Brewster was a quiet, painstaking

the town crier and vendor of news- gentleman of the old school, and the

papers and Beadle's Dime Novels, concluding chapter " Fifty years in a

His real name was Edward and not printing office" is worth re-reading.

Nicholas as Aldrich first printed it, Also the sketch by William H. Y.

and I knew the gambler Watson, the Hackett gives a truthful account of

"Gov. Dorr" of Aldrich's sketch of his daily methodical life as I recall

"The Friend of My Youth" and the him in his latter years, for he was the

skillful way the "Governor" cap- first author I knew and my weekly

tured a five-dollar bill from Aldrich presence in his printing office for many

was very characteristic. Then there years acquainted me with the time

were Sol. Holmes, the colored barber and painstaking labor he put into his

in his emporium on Congress Street, Journal sketches, the accuracy of

and Wibird Penhallow, earning a liv- which I have often had occasion to

ing wheeling groceries to the homes of verify.

purchasers in his sky-blue wheel- The young lawyer, John Scribner

barrow to the delight of the small boys Jenness, in his researches in England

who ordered him from sidewalks, un- found and printed valuable facts

aware that in his prosperous days he about the settlement at Little Harbor,

compiled and published in 1821 that supplemented by the writings of

rare volume, the first Directory of Hon. Frank W. Hackett on the

Portsmouth. Only one of the bad growth of the colony, and Nathaniel

boys who helped to steal and burn the Adams' chronological "Annals" from

stage-coach resides here and only a 1623 to 1823.

few of his schoolmates are here to James T. Fields, the poet, author

identify the shores and islands of the and publisher was another native.

Piscataqua where he located in word- He was a lover of Portsmouth and a

pictures his Rivermouth heroes and frequent visitor with gifts of books to

heroines. the Portsmouth High School and

One original story about Aldrich Mercantile Library Association. He

was told to me by his cousin at the was prominent in the reunion of

dedication supper. He finished the the sons in 1853 and 1873, and read

last lines of "The Bad Boy" in Pinck- poems on both occasions. If you

ney Street, Boston, September 16, wish a word picture of Fields, read

1868. The next day the family was Whittier's "Tent on the Beach,"

doubled by the birth of Aldrich's twin when with Bayard Taylor the three

boys. Grandfather Nutter, not with- poets enjoyed camp life at Salisbury,

standing his framed letter in the Me- The letters I received from him in

morial House to the bride, was averse 1873, at the second reunion of the

to Aldrich's selection of his wife, whom return of the sons and daughters, are

he had been told was a pretty New evidences of his appreciation of his

York belle, claiming she would be too native city. Some of them are dated

extravagant for a man depending on his at Manchester, Mass., and reminded

pen for his income. When the letter me of the story of Fields' writing to

came announcing the twins his com- Holmes and heading his letter "Man-

ment was: "Just her extravagance." chester-by-the-Sea " and Holmes in

Portsmouth is indebted historically reply located his " Beverly-by-the-

to Charles W. Brewster more than to Depot."

any other citizen. For many years he In a recent address of another

gathered and compiled the material native of Portsmouth, Professor Bar-

for his contributions to his paper The rett Wendell, he said in referring to

Portsmouth Journal which were after- James T. Fields, that the active life

106

The Granite Monthly

of Mr. Fields was passed in Boston
but he always remembered that in
Portsmouth grew towards its maturity
his wonderful power of friendly sym-
pathy with literature and men of
letters which make his friendship so
profoundly stimulating an influence
in the literature of nineteenth cen-
tury New England. He was himself
a man of letters. His unique power
was that when New England was
ready for its best expression it found
him at once the most faithful of
publishers and most whole-hearted of
friends. He knew how to evoke
from others what they could best
accomplish.

Harriet McEwen Kimball resides
in this her native city devoting her
life to religious and charitable work.
Her poems and hymns have a wide
circulation, as they appear in denom-
inational papers and are also issued
in dainty book form.

Albert Laighton wrote poems of
more than local fame. He was a
cousin of Celia Laighton Thaxter
and Mrs. Thaxter's brother poet,
Oscar Laighton. He lived in the
house on Court Street in which Al-
drich was born. Local references
were frequent in his poems and his
word-pictures were faithful of "Wibird
Penhallow," "Poor Joe Randall"
and "Sheriff Packard" of Ruth Blay
fame. His fine tribute to Farragut
was written at the time of the death
and funeral of the Admiral in Ports-
mouth in 1870. I do not know
whether Aldrich's "Piscataqua River"
was composed earlier or later than
Laighton's "My Native River" and
it is difficult to decide which is the
favorite locally.

Aldrich's verses are the longings of
a city resident for his favorite river:

Thou singest by the gleaming isles,
By woods and fields of corn;
. Thou singest and the heaven smiles
Upon my birthday morn.

But I, within a city, — I

So full of vague unrest, —
Would almost give my life to lie

An hour upon thy breast.

Laighton's is descriptive. His wish
in his last verse was fulfilled.

Like an azure vein from the heart of the main

Pulsing with joy forever,
By verdurous isles with dimpled smiles,

Floweth my native river.

Singing a song as it flows along

Hushed by the Ice King never
For he strives in vain to clasp a chain

O'er thy fetterless heart, brave river!

*****

Oh, when the dart shall strike my heart
Speeding from Death's full quiver,

May I close my eyes where smiling skies
Bend o'er my native river.

I have Laighton's manuscript of his
poem entitled "Frost Work" as it
was handed the publisher, and it
exhibits his plain and careful pen-
manship, of which I can bear testi-
mony as we served as tellers in neigh-
boring banks.

The genial B. P. Shillaber, the poet
and prose writer, was born in 1814
in a humble house still standing on
Brewster Street, on the shores of the
North Pond so frequently referred to
in his poems and prose works. Here
with "His Brother Rob," the pound
and pest-house keeper, a rival in
witty sayings, he enjoyed his boyhood
years.

When engaged in newspaper work
in Boston at the time of a sudden rise
in the prices of food he wrote his first
saying, which read: "Mrs. Partington
says it makes no difference to her
whether flour was dear or cheap as
she always had to pay just as much
for a half dollar's worth." This was
widely copied and led to other sayings
and the creation of "Ike, her mis-
chievous grandson." When the say-
ings were published in 1854, 50,000
copies were quickly sold. His wit
was spontaneous. I was present at
an instance of it. When the spire of
the North Church was being repaired
by a man at the top near the vane,
my employer, Governor Goodwin,
pointing to the climber asked Shillaber
how he would like to be with the
climber. He instantly replied, "It is

Reminiscences of Portsmouth Authors

107

vain to aspire so high." He was one
of the earliest promoters of the 1853
return of the sons, which some of you
may know was the first gathering in
the country now extensively cele-
brated as "Old Home Week." The
verses he wrote in 1853 and twenty
years later, at the second celebration,
showed his love for the familiar scenes
of his childhood.

In looking over the files of the
Portsmouth Journal, I find in its
issue of May 8, 1847, the poem so
familiar a half century ago from its
insertion in school books under the
title "The Voice of the Grass,"
"Here I come creeping, creeping
everywhere." It was signed "S. R."
the maiden initials of Sarah Eobert
Boyle of this city.

One thinks of Celia Thaxter as the
true child of the rocks and the seas
and the bright flowers of the Isles of
Shoals. I occasionally met her at her
home and in her famous flower garden
at the Shoals, but more intimately
when she lived on State Street in
Portsmouth during the last years of
her life with her eccentric son, Karl,
who was interested in our photo-
graphic club and knew the subject as
he did certain others, technically and
learnedly, but could not make satis-
factory negatives or produce success-
ful results in other lines. He was a
great trial to his mother whose love
and forbearance were well known to
her intimate friends, and are made
evident in the letters of Celia Thaxter
published by Rose Lamb and Annie T.
Fields in 1895. Unlike the first
verses of Portsmouth authors, whose
contributions were made to news-
papers (even Aldrich's poetry was
rejected by magazines) Mrs. Thaxter
was surprised to find her poem, "Land-
locked," in the Atlantic, the editor,
James Russell Lowell, having printed
it without exchanging a word with
the author. Her articles in the
Atlantic entitled "Among the Isles
of Shoals" published in book form
in 1873, brought many visitors to the

Appledore Hotel which was kept by
her brothers, Oscar and Cedric Laigh-
ton. She was born in Portsmouth on
Daniel Street in 1834, but her child-
hood was spent at the Shoals where
she passed away and rests where she
craved in "Landlocked," near

"The sad, caressing murmur of the wave
That breaks in tender music on the shore."

In the adjoining town of New Cas-
tle, formerly a part of Portsmouth,
John Albee, the poet and author, had
his residence in the Jaffrey House, the
oldest dwelling in the town; there he
wrote his history of New Castle,
coming to the city occasionally to tell
lyceum audiences his farming expe-
riences in cultivating the soil around
the ancient earthworks at Jaffrey's
Point. Near by E. C. Stedman, the
banker-poet, author of American Au-
thology, built his summer home.

I was interested in Sam Walter Foss
when I occasionally met him on his
long tramp from his home on the
outskirts of Portsmouth to the high
school. On the evening of his grad-
uation, in 1877, I prevailed upon him
to repeat to the alumni association
his class ode which had been sung at
the afternoon exercises. On his last
appearance here, five years ago, he
made the principal address to the
graduates of the high school and closed
with his well-known poem:

"Let me live in my house by the side of the
road
And be a friend to man."

In 1898, while librarian of Somerville
Public Library, he addressed the
New Hampshire Library Association
when it met in Portsmouth and I
quote from his letter to me:

"I was very glad my little essay
pleased you. It is rather presump-
tuous for a six months' old librarian to
give advice to men who have given
their lives to the service, and I am
more than pleased when the veterans
are kind enough to write with favor
on the efforts of the yearling."

108 The Granite Monthly

On August 17, 1914, a tablet was shire patentee, he knew the Bay-
dedicated to his memory before his Puritans well,
birthplace in Candia. "Since I wrote this too our cousins

The most eccentric of Portsmouth of Main have found things out to the
authors was John Elwyn, who entered rage of our others of the bay that told
Harvard College at the age of twelve the world there never was no kind of
and was regarded there by Edward Englishmen in New England till the
Everett as a phenomenon. He stud- Plymouth Pilgrims: wonderful though
ied law with Daniel Webster and that one of Gorges' Indian spoke to
Jeremiah Mason. Having inherited them in English when they got here,
a large income, he devoted his life to and Christopher Levett in Twenty-
the study of literature and languages, three stayed awhile on Witch (Saga-
He read and spoke five modern Ian- more) Creek below where my hut is,
guages and read Hebrew, Sanscrit, and says nothing of ours being a new
Arabic and Armenian. He occasion- plantation, and the Spaniard Herrera,
ally had printed a book for private tells of a English cruiser of three hun-
circulation, notably one entitled "Pis- dred tons a hundred years before the
cataway Things and a Good Deal Pilgrims of her coming to Puerto Rico
Else," employing in his latter years Mr. by the banks of Newfoundland: all
Albert W. Ham in a small printing afishing, already Englishman was corn-
office liberally equipped by Mr. Elwyn ing to fill North America with English-
for the publication of his studies men never no Puritan in the world. "
in philology mixed with occasional E1 ghowed & fondness for
valuable facts relating to the early walkin which contirmed dail until
history of colonial and provincial his death fre tl walk f to
Portsmouth I quote from a copy of Bogton [n a ^ and Qn ^
a pamphlet he gave me: in the winter> he walked tQ Missouri

" Very friendly and tireless Reader; on a five months' trip. He never
I wanted to see How wrong I should changed the pattern or style of his
and should not be, a writing straight wearing apparel. His tall, erect fig-
ahead and never looking behind me ure, clothed in a blue coat of 1824
till I got through : such a deal of Out- vintage and his head crowned with a
lander stuff too, so I kept only One sugar loaf hat, was a familiar object
gentleman at work in a little out- on the country roads in and around
house of his own all by himself. . . . Rockingham County.
For all the Wrong text is My doings after

all: me my own proof reader. . . . Henry Clay Barnabee has recently
The fully understanding the Zend had printed his reminiscences of his
and Sanskrit, Hebrew and Arab would musical entertainments and exten-
throw a wonderful deal of new light sive travels with his light opera
I think on the Pentateuch. Some troupes, the "Bostonians." He al-
day belike I will try this in earnest, ways had a cordial audience in his
Very friendly Reader, the Text of frequent visits to his native city, for
these pamphlets is hurt badly by my he was generous in offering his services
getting at last to write so many to charitable societies and associations
capitals but dealing all along with the with which he was formerly interested.
Words themselves, I got a trick of His private library, books and pictures
hardly knowing it, of writing away relating to his troupes were placed by
in capitals as fast as the others, and him in the Barnabee Room in the Pub-
would not bother the printer about lie Library building,
letting them go." Many of the early authors had

"The small de ITsles atlas that passed away before my time, but

showed the forgery is in my hut; their books are preserved and fill a

Capt. John Mason, our New Hamp- large case at the Public Library.

Pussy -Willow

109

Jonathan M. Sewall, the lawyer,
noted as a writer of epitaphs and
Revolutionary War songs, is best re-
membered by his oft-quoted couplet:

"No pent-up Utica contracts your powers
But the whole boundless continent is yours. "

Dr. Samuel Haven composed the
following impromptu lines in answer
to the query, what title should be
applied to Washington on the occasion
of his visit in Portsmouth in 1789:

"Fame spread her wings, and with her trum-
pet blew,

Great Washington is near! What praise is
due?

What title shall he have? She paused and
said,

Not one, his name alone strikes every title
dead!

Mrs. Eliza Buckminster Lee wrote
valuable biographies of her father,
Rev. Joseph Buckminster, and of her
brother, Rev. Joseph S. Buckminster,
giving us pictures of the revolution-
ary period. She succeeded in in-
ducing her friend, Daniel W^ebster, to
write for her a brief autobiography.
In reference to his residence in Ports-
mouth from 1807 to 1816 he wrote:
"I have lived in Portsmouth nine
years lacking one month. They were
very happy years. I wrote various
pamphlets, including ' Rockingham
Memorial/ of some note in its time,
and like other young men I made
Fourth of July orations which were
published."

PUSSY-WILLOW

By Delia Honey

Dear little pussy-willow,

Peeping from under your cap.
How early you come to show yourself

And wake from your winter's nap.

So soft — and yellow or white or pink —
We welcome you, dear little thing —

For you are the first of all our pets,
That come to herald the spring.

You tell of the new life, soon to spread

All over this earth so bare,
You hint of the sweetness coming to us,

From out of mysterious where —

Of the new life we may put on some day
When we've shaken ourselves from sin,

If we've stood the bleak storm of winter's blast
We are sure we may enter in —

And put on the new life you foretell,
No fear of the blast or the billow.

Then welcome here in the early spring,
My dear little pussy-willow.

MARILLA M. RICKER
Lawyer, Lecturer, Publicist, Woman Suffragist, Champion of Free Thought

THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

By Marilla M. Richer

The English language is the speech
spoken by the Anglo-Saxon race in
England, in most parts of Scotland,
in the larger part of Ireland, in the
United States, in Canada, in Australia
and New Zealand, in South Africa
and in many other parts of the world.
In the middle of the fifth century it
was spoken by a feAv thousand people
who had lately landed in England
from the Continent. It is now spoken
by more than two hundred millions
of people.

The family to which English be-
longs is the Aryan or Indo-European
family of languages; that is, the main
part of it can be traced back to the
race which inhabited the high table
lands that lie to the back of the west-
ern end of the great range of the
Himalaya, or abode of snow. This
Aryan race grew and increased and
spread to the south and west, and
from it have sprung languages which
are now spoken in Persia, in India, in
Greece and Italy, in France and Ger-
many, in Scandinavia and in Russia.
From this Aryan family came our lan-
guage; out of the oldest Aryan speech
our own language has grown.

It took hundreds of years, perhaps
thousands, before human beings were
able to invent a mode of writing upon
paper — that is, by representing sounds
by signs. These signs are called
letters, and the whole set of them goes
by the name of the alphabet, which
are called, "Alpha — beta." There
are many languages that have never
been put upon paper at all — many of
the African languages, many in the
South Sea Islands. But in all cases,
every language existed long before it
was written. A language grows; it is
an organism, or organic existence.
Our language is still growing and has
been for many years. As it grows, it
loses something and it gains some-
thing else; it alters in appearance.

The oldest English, which is called
" Anglo-Saxon," is as different from
our modern English as if they were
two distinct languages, and yet they
are not two languages, but are funda-
mentally one and the same. Modern
English differs from the oldest Eng-
lish as a giant oak does from a small
oak sapling.

In the middle of the fifth century,
English was spoken in the northwest
corner of Europe, between the mouths
of the Rhine, the Weser and the Elbe,
and in Schleswig there is a small dis-
trict called Angeln to this day.

Our English tongue is the lowest of
all low German dialects. Low Ger-
man, called Piatt Deutsch, is the
German spoken in the lowlands of
Germany. As we descend the rivers,
we come to the lowest level of all —
the level of the sea. Our English
speech, once a mere dialect, came
down to that, crossed the German
Ocean and settled in Britain, to which
it gave in time the name of "Anlga-
land" or England.

We divide the English language
into periods, and then mark with
some approach to accuracy certain
distinct changes in the habits of our
language, in the inflections of its
words, in the kind of words it pre-
ferred, or in the way it liked to put its
words together. The changes in
language are as gentle, gradual, and
imperceptible as the changes in the
growth of a tree.

The Periods of English are:

First: Ancient English or Anglo-
Saxon, from 449 to 1100;

Second: Earlv English, from 1100
to 1250;

Third: Middle English, from 1250
to 1485;

Fourth: Tudor English, from 1485
to 1603;

Fifth: Modern English, from 1603
to the present day.

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The Granite Monthly

The periods merge slowly; are
shaded off, slowly, so to speak, into
each other in the most gradual way.
If we take the English of 1250 and
compare it with that of 900, we shall
find a great difference; but if we com-
pare it with the English of 1100 the
difference is not so marked. The
difference between the English of the
nineteenth century and the English
of the fourteenth century is very
great, but the difference between the
English of the fourteenth and that of
the thirteenth is very small.

Ancient English differed from mod-
ern English in having a much larger
number of inflections. The noun had
five cases, and there were several
declensions, as in Latin; adjectives
were declined, and had three genders
as in German. The works of the poet
Caedman (Kedman) and the great
prose writer, King Alfred, belong to
this Anglo-Saxon period.

The coming of the Normans in 1066
made many changes in the land, and
introduced many changes into the
language. The inflections of our
speech began to drop off. Two books
were written, but there was no print-
ing in England until 1774, — the Nor-
mans having utterly beaten down the
resistance of the English, seized the
land and all the political power of the
country. The two peoples, the Nor-
mans and the English, found that they
must live together. They met at
the drilling places, at the archery con-
tests, and at the churches. At all
these places they were obliged to
speak with each other, and although
the Norman French was the language
of the Court, the language of Parlia-
ment and the law courts, the univer-
sities and the schools, still the com-
mon people clung to their own lan-
guage; that is, when an Englishman
used an English word he joined with
it the French equivalent, and when a
Norman used a French word he put
the English word for it alongside the
French word. Words at that time
went in couples with those people,
and that is whv we have "Will and

Testament," "Act and Deed," "Aid
and Abet," "Use and Wont." The
Normans introduced into England
their own system of laws, their own
law officers, and hence into the Eng-
lish language come Norman French
law terms.

When I lived in Germany I found
some fault with the German alphabet
and said they ought to adopt the Eng-
lish letters. The old Professor said
to me, "Madame, you have no al-
phabet; you took the Latin alphabet,
but you have no letters of your own! "
I said, "The English language is the
language of commerce. Trade has
always a kindly and useful influence,
and the trade of the English speaking
people has for many centuries been
larger than that of any other nation,
and we can afford to adopt an alpha-
bet!" The Professor reminded me
also that there were more Latin words
in our vocabulary than English. I
said, "Yes, Latin words are often
found in our books, but the English
words we possess are used in speaking
a thousand times oftener than the
Latin words. It is the genuine Eng-
lish words that have life and move-
ment; it is they that fly about in
homes, in streets and in markets;
it is they that express with greatest
force our truest sentiments, our in-
most thoughts and our deepest feel-
ings. Words are the coin of human
intercourse; and it is the native coin
of pure English, with the native stamp
that is in daily circulation. The
grammar is almost exclusively Anglo-
Saxon."

The English-speaking people have
for many centuries been the greatest
travellers in the world. It was an
Englishman, Sir Francis Drake, who
first went round the globe; and the
English have colonized more foreign
lands in every part of the world than
any other people that ever existed,
and in this way they have been in-
fluenced by the world without. Our
ships visit every port in the world,
and when we import articles or prod-
uce from abroad, we generally irn-

The English Language

113

port the native name along with the
thing. Hence we have guano, maize
and tomato, nankeen, chintz, bamboo
and sago, boomerang and kangaroo,
jaguar, mustang, llama and caout-
chouc, jalap, quagga (South African
ass) and gnu (nu), pampas, chocolate
and cacique, chibouk (pipe), kiosk
(Turkish summer house), and bey,
houri, bazaar, and divan, and many
others. Seeing and talking with many
different peoples, we learn to adopt
foreign words with ease, and give
them a home among the native-born
words of our language.

"From its composite character
come that wealth and compass, that
rich and varied music which have
made English literature the crown and
glory of the works of man." Having
so fine a language, it is certainly inex-
cusable in us not to speak it with
great care.

Language as a Fine Art

There are 2,750 different languages.
For the writing and speaking of the
English language I claim a position
second to no other art. There is an
elegance and a peculiar refinement
invariably associated with that person
who is accustomed scrupulously to
weigh his words and fastidiously to
construct his sentences. But there
is, further, a certain morality in the
most arbitrary grammatical rules.
It is eminently fit and proper that a
verb should agree with its nominative
case in number and person. A meta-
physical study is. involved in a thor-
ough comprehension of the mysteries
of the subjunctive mood. The har-
mony of a complete sentence, with
subject, predicate and dependent
clauses, each falling into line and fill-
ing its appropriate sphere, is as beau-
tiful in its way as the charming family
relations which unite children and
parents; there is poetry in the ex-
clusion of double negatives from
choicely chosen English; and there is
an exquisite symmetry in the law
which makes prepositions govern the
objective case, and puts a noun in the

predicate in the same case as the sub-
ject when both words refer to the
same thing. The creation of the
painter, the genius of the sculptor,
the skill of the architect, the inspira-
tion of the musician, the art of the
tragedian, have a fascinating charm
over the imagination; but it is only
given to a gifted few to excel in paint-
ing, sculpture, architecture, music,
and the drama, while the art of lan-
guage may be acquired by all to whom
early advantages have given the
starting point, and who are willing to
attain the prize by careful culture, by
constant practice and by patient cor-
rection of every fault. It is in child-
hood especially that the foundation
is laid for future excellence.

But, attainable as this art is, it is
remarkable that its acquisition is so
rare. Sinners against the laws which
regulate the speaking and writing the
English language with propriety are
found among all classes, and in all
professions, and they are most inex-
cusably abundant among those whom
we have a right to consider as culti-
vated and enlightened, from advan-
tages of early association and liberal
education. It is an almost hopeless
task to bring these trespassers to see
the enormity of their trangressions,
and a harder task to lead them to
repentance, for even when the desire
for reformation has been produced,
the force of long continued habit holds
them under its resistless sway.

I shall endeavor to make a classifi-
cation of some, of the prominent faults
which must be eradicated in order to
attain skill in the use of language,
promising that my illustrations shall
be taken "from life"; and with one
exception I shall give the utterances
of those from whom we have the right
to expect better things.

1st: There are the careless people,
those "who know the right, and yet
the wrong pursue." They plunge
recklessly on without a thought for
the words they use; their sentences
abound with exclamations and exple-
tives more expressive than choice; and

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The Granite Monthly

they exhaust the superlatives of the
language on the most ordinary occa-
sions. It is they who preface every
sentence, even on trivial topics, with,
"My Stars!" "By George!" "Gra-
cious!" "Great Scott!" "Good Lord!"
"You bet!" "Oh!" "Ah!" "No you
don't!" In their vocabulary, "in-
deed," "yes," "well just so," are as
thickly strewn as autumn leaves in a
gale. With them a funeral is "love-
ly," a dress is "ravishing," a sunset is
"nice," a bonnet is "sweet," and their
indiscriminate admiration is expressed
by the much abused epithets, "splen-
did," "superb," "beautiful," "mag-
nificent," "bewitching," "fascinat-
ing," "charming," "delicious," "ex-
quisite," and so on, without any re-
gard to their relevancy or applica-
bility.

In telling an intelligent young
woman of twenty-five, a graduate of
Vassar College, something about my
work in the police courts and jails,
she seemed deeply interested and
startled |ine with the question, "Are
the police courts, jails and prisons
nice?" A bright young English
woman said to her mother, "Oh,
mother, buy me that delicious little
bulldog!" They so completely ex-
haust the language on common oc-
casions that no words are left to
give expression to their deeper feel-
ings, and if every person within the
sound of my voice will watch his or
her friends in the use of their adjec-
tives, he will be astonished, and I
fancy if you watch your own ad-
jectives you will be astounded!

2d: The second class includes
those who violate the laws of etymol-
ogy. They may have been thor-
oughly trained in the grammar of the
language, and yet refuse to be regu-
lated by its precepts. This class is a
large one, and includes among its
audacious sinners:

(1) Those who use the objective
case for the nominative, as, " It is me,"
for "It is I"; "It is her," for "It is
she"; "It is them," for "It is they";
"It is us," for "It is we."

(2) Those who use the nominative
case for the objective, as, "Between
you and I," for "Between you and
me"; "Like you and I," for "Like
you and me"; "I know who you
mean," for "I know whom you mean";
"Who is she married to," instead of,
"To whom is she married"; "Who
were you speaking to," instead of " To
whom were you speaking."

(3) Those whose subjects and verbs
do not agree in number and person,
as, "My feet's cold," instead of, "My
feet are cold"; "There's thirty," in-
stead of, "There are thirty"; "Says
I," instead of, "Say I."

(4) Those who use the indicative
mood for the subjunctive, as, "If I
was you," instead of, "If I were
you."

(5) Those who use the present
tense for the past, as, "I seen him
yesterday," instead of, "I saw him
yesterday."

(6) Those who use the intransitive
verb for the transitive, as, "If he is a
mind to," instead of, "If he has a
mind to." Only think of the much
abused words "sit" and "set," "lay"
and "lie." I heard a graduate from
one of our schools say today, "I am
going to lay down," instead of saying,
"I am going to lie down"; "I laid
down this morning," instead of, "I
lay down this morning." If people
would remember that "lay" is a
transitive verb and has for its past
tense "laid" — for example, "She told
me to lay it down and I laid it down"
— "lie" is intransitive and has for its
past tense "lay," — as, "She told me
to lie down and I lay down" — there
would be no trouble. We often hear
" The ship laid at anchor " ; " they laid
by during the storm." What should
they say? We hear altogether too
often, "I shall set there," instead of,
"I shall sit there"; "An old setting
hen," instead of, "An old sitting hen";
"She set up all day," instead of, "She
sat up all day."

(7) Those who use the adverb for
the adjective, as, "She looks beauti-
fully," for "She looks beautiful"; or

The English Language

115

its opposite, the adjective for the ad-
verb, as, "She walks graceful," for,
"She walks gracefully." Such pro-
vincialism is sadly damaging our good
old English in the constant misuse of
the adverb in place of the adjective;
saying, "The landscape looks beauti-
fully," and "The young ladies look
beautifully," instead of saying that
they look beautiful, as they really are.
In speaking of some German offi-
cers marching down the street, an edu-
cated woman said to me, "They look
finely." I said, "No, they march
finely, they drill finely, but they look
fine." In speaking of their condition
— meaning that the officers are a tall,
fine set of men — you must say, "They
are fine, thev seem fine, and they look
fine."

(8) Those who use a plural adjec-
tive with a singular noun, as, "those'
kind" for "that kind"; "six pair"
for "six pairs."

(9) Those who use the compound
relative for the conjunction, as, "I do
not know but what I will," instead of,
"I do not know but that I will."

(10) Those who use the objective
case after the conjunction than, as,
" He knows more than me," instead of,
"He knows more than I."

(11) Those who use double nega-
tives, as, "No you don't neither," in-
stead of, "No you don't either"; and
how often do you hear and also read,
"He don't," "She don't," instead of
"She doesn't," "He doesn't." Very
few would write, "He do not," but
they do say, "He don't."

(12) Those who use the wrong
preposition, as, "Different to, "instead
of "Different from"; "In regard of,"
instead of, "With regard to."

(13) Those who use the superla-
tive degree for the comparative, as,
"The oldest of the two," for, "The
older of the two."

3d. Under the third head, or the
third class, are those who are guilty
of the wrong pronunciation of words
in general use; who say, "jest" for
"just"; "ruther" for "rather"; "in-
stid" for "instead"; "agen" for

"again"; "sor" for "saw"; "lor" for
"law"; "offn" for "often"; "sevn"
for "seven"; "havn" for "haven";
"goldn" for "golden"; "opn" for
"open"; "wakn" for "waken";
"widn" for "widen"; and some say
"witten"!

Notice, if you please, how few pro-
nounce ' ' February ' ' correctly. ' ' Jan-
uary" is another word often mis-
pronounced; "covetous," "nape,"
"government," "library," "clothes,"
" none." Notice the pronunciation of
"boat," "bone," "broke," "choke,"
"load," "home," "smoke," "yoke,"
"bolster," "toad," "throat," "spoke,"
"colt," "hope," "road"; also notice
how few people pronounce the final
"d"; for example, "grandfather,"
"stand," "demands," "handful,"
"bands," "depends."

There are many persons who never
articulate their "r's," and who seem
to have an unwholesome terror of
final consonants. The pronunciation
of long " u " is a lion in the pathway of
many. Even among orthoepists there
is a great discrepancy in practice, and
in common conversation we hear every
gradation of sound from "o"* long
and close, to the sound of "yu" in
"use." The sound of long "u" at the
beginning of words can be easily ac-
quired, but the manner of designating
the sound when it comes immediately
after the accent is much more difficult.
Lexicographers high in authority
"take issue" with each other, and it
is often bewildering, to use a mild
term; and I am reminded of a pious
old lady in New Hampshire at a
prayer meeting who said, "Dear sis-
ters, it does seem to me that there are
no two of a mind here tonight, nor
hardly one." I look upon the cor-
rect utterance of "u" after an ac-
cented syllable as the "ne plus ultra"
of orthoepic perfection.

Here are some good rules: After
"r," "ch" or "sh," do not give the
sound of long " u," but give the sound
of "oo," as, "rule," "ruby," "brute,"
"through," "rude," "truth," "cruel";
but after "t," "d," "m," "n," "b,"

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The Granite Monthly

comes long "u," as, "tube," "duke,"
"mute," "nude," "music," "Tues-
day," "lute," "blue," "illume," "in-
stitute," "signature," "literature,"
"furniture," "coverture."

Notice how many persons pro-
nounce "hark," "dark," "arc,"
"tar," "nor," "door," "horse,"
"warm," "arm," "form," "alarm-
ing," "war" correctly. Pronounce
"posts," "boasts," "coasts," "hosts,"
"ghosts."

I heard not long since in cultured
Boston a lady ask her friend if she had
taken the package of "alapaca," in-
stead of "alpaca." She was about to
step into her carriage, which was
faultless in its appointments; her
dress was in perfect taste; an elegant
camel's hair shawl threw its graceful
folds about her form, and costly lace
adorned her bonnet, but no unlimited
credit at the bankers' will ever eradi-
cate the extra "a" from "alpaca." I
heard one of the best lawyers at our
Bar tell about the "presentation" of
his case instead of the "presentation " ;
and we often hear "attorney" instead
of "attorney," "inquiry" instead of
"inquiry," "acclimated" instead of
"acc/imated," "annex" instead of
"annex," "address" instead of "ad-
dress," "comoative" instead of "com-
bative," "suppositious" instead of
"supposititious," "preventative" in-
stead of "preventive," "abstemious"
instead of "abstemious," "parents"
instead of "parents," "Caucasian" in-
stead of "Caucasian," "Malay" in-
stead of "Malay," "canine" instead
of "canine" "epizootic" instead of
"epizootic," "zoological" instead of
"zoological," "Chicago," "bomb,"
"bombastic," "sacriligious," instead
of "sacrilegious," "donative" instead
of "donative," " matron " instead of
"matron," "national" instead of "na-
tional, " "patronage" instead of "pat-
ronage," "e.rhaust" instead of "ex-
haust."

The use of the word "got" in many
cases is superfluous; for instance,
"Where are my books?" "I've got
them." " I have them."

The word " to " in many instances is
also superfluous: "Where are you
going to? " "Where are you going? "

Many years ago a bright young col-
ored boy said in my presence, " Where
are you going at? " I said, " Going at!
That is bad English." He said, "It
is as correct as 'going to,' and you say
that always." I stood corrected, and
have never said it since.

There is one class who will "learn"
us when they mean "teach"; they
"propose" to do a thing when they
mean "purpose"; they "suspect"
when they mean "suppose"; they
"expect" when they mean "think."
There should be no trouble about that
as "expect" always has reference to
the future, as, "I expect to go home."
"I think he has gone." Many people
"want" when they mean "wish";
their reports are "reliable" when they
mean "trustworthy"; they substitute
"discover" for "invent"; they are
"devotedly fond" of mince pie, and
"love" roa^t beef! They drink a
"magnificent" cup of tea; they "en-
joy" bad health.

Many persons delight in tautologi-
cal expressions: They "plunge
down," "enter in," "cover over,"
"sink down," "restore back," "com-
bine together," "retreat back," "re-
peat again," and "mutually love each
other."

You often hear and also read the
sentence, "You had better go," in-
stead of, "You would better go"; "I
intended to have gone," instead of,
"I intended to go"; "I use oleomar-
garine"; (hard sound of g is correct)
"the soughing of the wind"; "Iowa";
"Wyoming"; "lenient," "bomba-
zine," "tarpaulin," "pianist," "cere-
ments," "coquetry," "hymeneal,"
"aeronaut."

The words "precedence" and "pre-
cedent" are very much mixed. You
establish a precedent, but you take
precedence of me — that is, when you
go before me.

The words "pedal" and "pedal."
My feet are my pedal extremities, but
we say the pedals of an instrument;

The English Language

117

"truffles," "brigand," "sloth,"
"loath," "grimace," "decade," "ener-
vated," "lethargic," "vagary," "squa-
lor," "sy7iod," "aspirant," "gon-
dola," "ordeal," "sacristan," "pal-
fry," "romance," "robust," "al-
monds," "anchovy," ".shewbread,"
"ra?71ery," "cwlinary," "peremp-
tory," "interesting," "laundry" for
"laundry," "after" for "after." I
heard a person not long since say he
bought land at Capitol Hill and it
doubled and "thribled" on his hands;
"trebled" he meant. "Impoverish,"
"attacked." You often hear "at-
tackted." "He was graduated," is
correct, not "he graduated". "Fran-
chise," "finance," "lift'oious, " "wa-
ter," "placard," "palm," "palmis-
try," "psalm," "psalmist," "psalm-
odist," "grisly," "capuchin," "equa-
ble," "arctic," "archangel," "archi-
tect," "archbishop," "abdomen,"
"asparagus," "dance," "basket,"
"ask," "grass," "staff." "fast,"
"mask," "task," "advance," "draft,"
"brass," "grasp," "prance," "grant,"
"branch," "chant," "trance," "dis-
honest," "disarm," "disdain," "ti-
rade."

Our beautiful language changes; for
instance, in counting, we say, " Thir-
teen, fourteen, fifteen," but in answer
to a question "How much did you
pay for your bonnet?" "Fifteen dol-
lars." And when emphatic the ac-
cent is evenly divided, as, "He ate
fourteen large oysters." "Secre-
tary," "Italien," "communist," "al-
lopathy," "ally," "extant," "quin-
ine," "spaniel," "finale," "nausea,"
"nauseous," "magnesia," "guar-
dian," "deficit," "tonsilitis," "iritis,"
"upas," "bromide," "iodine," "mor-
phine," "italic," "area," "Asia,"
"asked," "aurora borealis," "ave-
nue," "banana," "blackguard,"
"blouse," "brethren," "bronchitis,"
"calliope," "cartridge," "casualty,"
"cellar," "cemeterv," "coupon." "cu-
pola," "curtain," * "defalcate," " de-
signate," "disputant," "district,"
"docile," "falcon," "gallows,"
"grimy," "gorgeous," "granary,"

"grievous," " gubernatorial,"
"height," "idea," "incomparable,"
"indisputable," "inhospitable," "in-
terest," "international," "jocund,"
"jugular," "juvenile," "kiln," "la-
tent," "leper," "lapel," "lyceum,"
"mausoleum," "museum," "necrol-
ogy,." "neuralgia," "newspaper,"
"nomad," "nicotine," "obesity,"
"orang-ootang," "oxide," "palaver,"
"Palestine," "partridge," "paresis,"
"phosphoros," "piony," "vitriol,"
"vicar," "umbrella," "trough," "tu-
mor," "transparent," "tribune,"
"transact," "second," "syrup,"
"tedious," "sword," "spoon,"
"soot," (not sut) "sojourn," "ve-
hement," "your," "yours," "yester-
day," "varioloid,"" laugh," "launch,"
"reticent," "San Jose," "San Joa-
quin," "Santa Cruz," "Santa Fe,"
"daunt,"" excursion," "gymnasium,"
"obligatory," "respite," "probity,"
"plebeian," "gibbet," "gibberish,"
"hostile," "Los Angeles," "alter-
cation," "aorist," "amenable," "bou-
quet."

I have by no means exhausted the
classification, but I think I have said
enough to prove the importance of a
thorough reformation. The illustra-
tions that I have given are expressions
which I have heard in the common
intercourse of life, and I have been
careful to give the utterances of edu-
cated persons. Many of the most
heinous offences here recorded have
been committed by those who have
been trained in the learned profes-
sions. Ministers, lawyers, doctors,
judges, members of congress, students
in almost every department of science,
editors, publishers, poets, artists,
teachers, professors, among men and
women, are represented on these
pages. The facts are discouraging,
but to their truth the experience of
every person within the sound of my
voice will bear me witness. The
remedy is within the reach of every-
one who possesses well-developed
organs of speech and the brain power
and propelling power to set the ma-
chinery in operation. Education at

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The Granite Monthly

the domestic fireside is the important
commencement of the requisite train-
ing. Education — careful, systematic,
and thorough — during the years when
acquisition is a pleasure, is of equal
importance. It is not so much the
question whether two thousand or
two hundred facts are impressed on
the memory, as that the mind shall be
so disciplined as to be put in a recip-
ient condition, and thus prepared
when a regular system of training has
become unnecessary, to carry on the
work, by seizing upon knowledge
wherever it may be found.

Much has been said of the time
wasted in the study of languages,

which when disused are soon forgotten.
But if the words and characters
cease to impress the memory, the
mental power which is gained is never
lost. I think that careful translation
gives a power of language, a compre-
hension of derivation, and a knowl-
edge of synonyms which is not ob-
tained by any other mental process.
There must also be thorough physical
training which shall give distinct
enunciation, clear articulation of con-
sonants, musical cadence, easy utter-
ance, and entire self-possession.

"A graceful utterance is the first
born of the arts. A man's speech is
a measure of his culture."

MEMORIES

By Charles Clarke

Broken bits of times long gone
Round and round my memory pass,
Like the sheen from colored glass
In an old kaleidoscope.

Honeysuckle, daffodil;
Hawthorn blossom, purling rill.
Gentle violet, frail and true,
Mirrors back the heaven's blue. —
Foxglove, bluebell, all together
Smiling in the summer weather.
Scenes of country lanes and towns,
Wooded hills and heather downs,
Glimpses of a village lass;
Wagons rumbling as they pass
Through the ancient cobble street,
Rough but sure for horse's feet. —
Sleighbells jingling as we go
Merrily across the snow;
Horse and lovers — happy trio —
Don't care though the weather's zero.
Skylark, comrade of the cloud,
Singing matins sweet and loud.
O'er the meadows mists hang low
Half concealing horse and cow,
Grazing in contentment there —
As we pass they stop to stare.
Partly hid, and partly seen
We like ghosts to them must seem.
Ghosts, too, are the old home places,
And the old familiar faces,
Seen through life's kaleidoscope.

THAT FATAL NIGHT

By William Child, M. D.

]Surgeon of the Fifth New Hampshire Volunteers, U. S. A., Regiment Historian]

At the earnest request of my daugh-
ter, I dictate to her the following ac-
count of the most awful event I ever
witnessed — the assassination of Presi-
dent Lincoln, thinking it may be of
interest to my children and my chil-
dren's children, when I shall be no more,
as well as to the public generally.

At first it seems like a half-forgotten
fantastic dream, but, as I allow my
mind to dwell upon the past, the mists
of fifty years gradually roll away and
the tragical deeds of that most terrible
night in all our nation's history, stand
forth as plainly as if they had happened
but yesterday.

In the summer of 1864, the Fifth
New Hampshire Regiment, of which
I was the assistant surgeon, was
ordered to the support of the troops
then besieging Petersburg. Colonel
Cross having fallen the previous
year, while gallantly leading his men
at Gettysburg, and Colonel Hap-
good being severely wounded in
August of this same year (1864), the
command of the regiment fell upon
Lieutenant-Colonel Larkin. In Octo-
ber, Lieutenant-Colonel Crafts was
given charge of the regiment and at
the same time I received my com-
mission as full surgeon with the rank
of major. We remained in this vicin-
ity until the next spring, most of the
time on active duty. It was a hard
winter for both officers and men.
In March, 1865, being tired out with
the winter's work, I was allowed a
short furlough and permission to visit
my home in northern New Hampshire.
About the first of April, however, I was
ordered to rej oin the regiment at B urke-
ville, a few miles out from Petersburg.
So on the 10th, I started for the front,
accompanied by my wife as far as Con-
cord, when I bade her farewell.

The letters which I wrote her during
the next few days, and which have
been carefully preserved for half a
century, will tell the rest of the story
better than I now can:

(Exact copy of letters of William
Child to his wife, Carrie Lang Child.)

Washington, D. C,

April 14th, 1865.
My dear Wife: .

Wild dreams and sober facts are but
brothers. This night I have seen the murder
of the President of the United States.

Early in the evening I went to Ford's
Theatre. After a little time the President
entered — was greeted with cheers. The
play went on for about an hour. Just at the
close of an interesting scene, the sharp, quick
report of a pistol was heard and instantly a
man jumped from the box in which sat the
President, to the stage, and, rushing across the
stage, made his escape.

This I saw and heard. I was in the theatre
and sat directly opposite the President's box.
The assassin exclaimed as he leaped "Sic
semper tyrannis" — -Thus always to tyrants.

I never saw such a wild scene as followed;
I have no words to describe it.

Sec. Seward was also wounded by a knife
about the same minute.

The city is now wild with excitement. The
affair occurred only an hour since.

Are we living in the days of the French
Revolution? Will peace ever come again to
our dear land, or shall we rush on to wild
ruin? —

It seems all a dream — a wild dream. I
cannot realize it though I know I saw it only
an hour since.

W. C.

April, 15.

My dear Wife:

The President is dead. I send you a paper
giving a correct account of the whole affair.
It is supposed that an actor by the name of
Booth was the assassin.

I could not sleep last night. The wild
scene which I witnessed will never be forgotten
by me. I shall remember the fiendlike ex-
pression of the assassin's face while I live.

I leave for the front today. I am well.
Write to me at once.

Kiss my little ones.

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The Granite Monthly

Camp near Burkeville, Va.

April 19, 1865.
My dear Carrie:

It is now evening. I have been here about
24 hours.

It seems hard to return again to army fare,
but I shall soon become accustomed to it.
We have nothing but hard bread and salt
pork with sugar and coffee.

Soon after leaving you at Concord I was
on my way to Boston, where I arrived at
bh (the 11th).

Found brother Parker — went to the Mu-
seum. Next day heard the great organ and
at 5§ left for New York, via Sound. Ar-
rived at Jersey Ferry in time for the first
train and reached Washington at 8 P. M. the
13th.

Washington was in grand illumination, cele-
brating Lee's surrender, with bands, fireworks,
etc. It was the grandest sight I ever saw.

Next day (the 14th) saw all our friends in
Washington and several of the officers of the
Reg. Also saw Genl. Grant. His pictures
do not do him justice. You see the man only
when he is in earnest conversation.

Went to the theatre that night and wit-
nessed the greatest event of the last 200 years.

Next day, 15th left W. for City Point.
We were obliged to "lay to" near Pt. Look-
out until next day at dark. Then left for
Fort Monroe, and just after daylight, the
17th, arrived at City Point.

At 11 A. M. took cars for Burkeville, via
Petersburg. Took dinner at Petersburg, —
then all night on a train in a box car, and ar-
rived next day, the 18th, just before dark at
Burkeville.

Thus I was 8 days making a journey, full
of thrilling events, some joyous, some awful.
I surely had excitement to my heart's con-
tent.

While I live I shall never forget the events
I have witnessed during the past ten daj's.

Will write more tomorrow. Please write
me soon — at once. Kiss the children for
me. Kisses for yourself.

May God bless and protect us all.

w. s

Some further facts came to my
mind later which I was too agitated
to notice or write about at the time.

As Booth crossed the stage he held

in his clenched fist a dagger, pointed
downward. He did not "brandish"
it, as has been sometimes stated,
but held it in a position ready to
strike, should he be intercepted. I
distinctly heard him say — " There's
revenge for the South."

As soon as I could make my way
through the confused, excited and
almost frantic crowd, I went around
to the President's box, and, saying
that I was a physician, asked if I
could be of any assistance. The reply
was — "No, as his own physician and
others are already with him." The
curtains at the entrance of the box
were partly drawn and I could see
the bleeding, lifeless f6rm of our be-
loved President, stretched out in an
easy chair, while his wife sobbing and
fainting knelt on the floor by his
side. One glance was enough. God
grant I may never see such a sight
again.

The above narrative was dictated
to me by my father, William Child,
M. D., in his eighty-second year,
fifty years after the events themselves
transpired.

His expressive countenance, his
snowy hair, his eyes, now flashing
with excitement, and now dimmed
with the quick rushing tears, his voice
so thrilling in its earnestnss, but trem-
bling and choked with emotion as he
read aloud to us those precious letters
— all together made his recital most
dramatic and affecting.

We have in our possession the
original letters, with many others of
great interest and value written by
him while in the service — also his
commission, his sword, sash, shoulder
straps, etc.

It is needless to say that these
priceless treasures — these precious
relics — will ever be guarded with
pride and cherished with affection
by "his children and his children's
children."

Katherine Child Header.
Bath, N. H., 1915.

A COUNTRY WALK IN APRIL

By Fred Myron Colby

There is something about the early
spring that is wonderfully exhilarat-
ing and rejuvenating. And, indeed,
spring is in the truest sense a revival.
Everything starts up and out with a
new vigor. Air, sunshine, and the
very throb of budding life have a tonic
that is better than all the combinations
of the pharmacist. Open your win-
dow in the morning, and does not the
indefinable essence of country air,
distilled from trees and grass and
flowers, and water-courses, and cool,
shady hollows, and the great breath-
ing mountains, thrill through every
nerve of your being? It is more
potent than the fabled nectar and
ambrosia of the Olympian gods, which
was said to endow one with perpetual
youth and divinity. It is searching
and penetrating; the fragrance may
come from close at hand, or it may
be wafted to you from afar, but there
it is, ever changing, subtle, all per-
vading. It is the one great charm
of country life.

As I walked out along the country
road, through the hollow where the
old mill stands, brown and mossy,
under the tall, swaying willows, our
last sunny afternoon, almost with
every step there came to my nostrils
a new aroma. The old mill could be
smelled rods away — a floury, pasty
smell that makes you think of warm
biscuit or hot flapjacks, eaten with
delicious maple syrup. Mingled with
this odor of the flouring mill was that
of the flowering willows close at
hand— the breath of those soft little
catkins that we can almost hear purr
to us along the thawing road-side.
It is a delightful, woodsy smell that
followed me a long way, for the river
which runs parallel with the road is
lined with willow trees, every one of
which is covered with those small gray
kittens of blossoms.

Do you remember how you used

to pluck those pretty gray twigs in
your childhood days, and call them
"our dear little kittens"? I suppose
every child in the country does that
same thing today. I met a troop of
little girls, and they had their hands
full of willow boughs, and they were
patting their own, and each others'
cheeks with the soft catkins and
murmuring amid their laughter of
" smooth little pussies." They make
pretty house companions, the wil-
low twigs, I mean. A jar of them
on the window seat or center table
gives one a comfortable out-doorsy
feeling beside the warm hearth-fire
on the sleetiest of April days.

I pass on by the river, up the road.
The full, rapid stream at my right
flows dark and muddy. How differ-
ent it seems from that same river
in the hot mid-summer months 1
We are reminded of Campbell's lines:
"And dark as winter was the flow of
Iser rolling rapidly"; and, for a mo-
ment, we hear the clash of contending
forces at Hohenlinden, till a breath
that is not of gunpowder or carnage
calls us back to the real. We are
standing on a little wooden bridge
that crosses a woodland brook, whose
swift, dashing waters join the broader
volume of the river a few rods below.
It is a famous trout stream, whose
current, now somewhat murky, is
ordinarily clear as silver. The whiff
gives us a more soothing touch of
mother earth than anything we have
felt. The odor is mainly that of cool,
moist ground, damp leaf mould and
decaying wood and earth-breathing
fungi. It calls up to my memory the
black mould of a swampy forest,
through whose paths, bordered by
pools of wine-colored water, I walked
to school in my small boyhood. Only
there is nothing sickening about this.
I drink it all in as I would nectar from
the hands of a Hebe, an'd even go a

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The Granite Monthly

few rods up into the deep dells,
secret and cool enough for some naiad
or nymph, escaped from the hot
pursuit of Apollo.

Most of the country smells of
springtime, however, are delicate and
mild and coy as Undines. They are
not rich and sensuous as the perfumes
of later months. In the hot summer
days, the air is impregnated with the
fragrance of millions of flowers. The
bloom is on the rye, the oats heavy
with ripeness like absorbed sunshine;
or the buckwheat or clover is driving
the bees wild with its honeyed sweet-
ness, or the mower is riding grandly
over the meadows, with every spear
of grass he cuts tapping a new capsule
of odors. And after a rain, especially
a brief shower which comes at noon
of a summer day, the most fragrant
countryside is as when odoriferous
leaves are subjected to a fresh in-
fusion of distilling waters, or as when
nature, like an ancient Greek, has
anointed herself with fragrant per-
fumes after a bath.

Even the first wild flowers of spring
have a daintier fragrance than any
of their later sisterhood. Trailing ar-
butus, pale or purple-eyed hepaticas,
saxifrage or anemones, violets or hous-
tonia — is not their perfume as unob-
trusive as themselves — the "still
small voice" of a new life of nature?
The advent of these first wild flowers
of spring is an epoch. It is the per-
fume tolled from the "floral bells"
of the early flowers which really
"rings the old year out and the new
year in." And that day was a real
jubilee to me, for in two places I
found handfuls of the arbutus.

I returned by way of a farm-house
on the hillside, from whose chimney
curled smoke in those peculiar spiral
wreaths seen only in the atmosphere
late in the day. The picture was
idyllic. There stood, with wide open
door, the great barn; not the new
stable, smelling only of ammonia
and oiled harness and wagon grease,
and the coachman's illicit cigar; but
the old barn, built a century ago or
more out of the huge and hewn tim-
bers of giant pines, and whose only
paint is the delicate purple of a
lichened age. The hay and the oats
and the breath of kine have entered
into its very fibers, and its more
pungent aromas are tempered into an
agreeable tonic.

In the barnyard stood the cows,
with rough hair and places worn bare
by the stanchions, lowing plaintively
as they peeped through the bars.
The young lambs gambolled awk-
wardly around their heavy-fleeced
dams. Chanticleer strutted proudly
in front of his harem, or crowed lustily,
perched upon the highest bar of the
gate. Half-grown calves rollicked
on the barn floor, and the farmer's
boys were pitching hay down from
the scaffold preparatory to feeding
the stock for the night. Did not the
sight bring up a thousand memories of
the old farm, now passed into other
hands, and of the youthful days among
the fields and pastures when life was
both a promise and an inspiration? Ah,
me! The Sabbath bells ringing for
evening service scarcely called up more
hallowed associations than did the
sights and smells of that country walk.

Warner, N. H.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HON. DAVID H. GOODELL
Hon. David H. Goodell, ex-go vern or of
New Hampshire, and the third on the list
of former governors to depart this life within
a twelve month, died at his home in Antrim,
January 22, 1915, in his eighty-first year, hav-
ing been born in Hillsborough May 6, 1834.
He was the son of Dea. Jesse R., and Olive

(Atwood) "Goodell, the family removing to
Antrim in 1841, where he attended the
common school, and later spent some time at
Hancock, New Hampton and Francestown
academies, graduating from the latter in 1852.
He entered Brown University, but his health
failed him in his sophomore year, and he was
obliged to return home, where he spent a year

New Hampshire Necrology

123

and a half at farm labor, and was afterwards
engaged for some time in teaching.

Upon the organization of the Antrim
Shovel Company in 1857, he became book-
keeper and treasurer, and, the following
year, general agent of that concern, which
position he held for six years. In 1864, the
company having sold out to Oakes Ames of
North Easton, Mass., and the business
being removed there, Mr. Goodell commenced
the manufacture of apple-parers in Antrim,
gradually adding other lines of manufacture
and continuing till death, the Goodell Com-
pany, having long been known as a leading
New Hampshire manufacturing concern.

Mr. Goodell was also always prominently
identified with the agricultural interests of the
state, largely interested in stock breeding, and
for many years a member of the State Board
of Agriculture. He took a strong interest in
politics and public affairs, and was actively
identified with the Republican party for
nearly half a century. He had served as
town clerk, moderator, member of the school
committee, was three times a member of the
legislature, served in the executive council from
1883 to 1885, and as governor of the state
from 1889 to 1891. He was an ardent cham-
pion of the temperance cause, and of prohi-
bition legislation in its interest.

In religion Governor Goodell was a Bap-
tist and active in the affairs of that denomina-
tion in the state. He was for a long time one
of the trustees of Colby Academy, New Lon-
don. He had been twice married, his first
wife, by whom he had two sons, now living —
Zura D. and Richard C. — having been Hannah
J. Plummer of Goffstown.

HON. CHARLES McDANIEL

Hon. Charles McDaniel, one of the best
known farmers and most prominent citizens
of New Hampshire, died at his home in En-
field, April 1, 1915.

Mr. McDaniel was born in the town of
Springfield, July 22, 1835 — the son of James
and Hitty (Philbrick) McDaniel. He was
educated in the common schools and at Ca-
naan, Andover and New London academies.
His life work was agriculture, and he owned
and cultivated for many years, in Springfield,
one of the largest farms in the county of Sulli-
van, in whose public affairs he was prominent.
He also taught school, winters, for many years
in early life, served long as a member of the
school committee, represented his town two
years in the legislature, and served for half a
century, altogether, as a member of the board
of selectmen. He also served many years as
a member of the State Board of Agriculture,
as a trustee of the New Hampshire College of
Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, and was
for five years master of the New Hampshire
State Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, in
which order he was the most conspicuous
member in the state, at the time of his de-
cease. He had been for many years a mem-

ber of the State Board of Equalization, and
was chairman of the same when it was
superseded by the tax commission.

Politically Mr. McDaniel was a life-long
Democrat and was his party's nominee for
Congress in the Second District in 1894,
making a vigorous contest against the Hon.
Henry M. Baker, the Republican candidate
for reelection. In religion he was a Universal-
ist. He was also a member of the Masonic
fraternity and a Knight of Pythias.

May 30, 1862, Mr. McDaniel was united
in marriage with Amanda M. Quimby of
Quincy, Mass., who died a few years since.
One daughter, Mrs. Perley S. Currier of
Plymouth, survives.

THOMAS C. RAND

Thomas C. Rand of Keene, doubtless the
oldest newspaper man in the state, died at
his home in that city April 5, 1915.

He was a native of the town of Alstead,
son of Dea. Elisha and Betsey (Hall) Rand,
born November 16, 1828. He attended
the Keene Academy for a time, and in early
life, entered the Sentinel office there, and
remained actively connected with the es-
tablishment through life, serving in various
capacities, as compositor, editor and editorial
writer. From 1865 to 1893, he was editor
of the Sentinel.

Before Keene became a city, Mr. Rand
was town clerk, and selectman. He was
also for twenty years chairman of the Repub-
lican town committee. He was a delegate
in the Republican National Convention at
Cincinnati in 1876, and an alternate in the
convention at St. Louis which nominated
William McKinley. Mr. Rand was a Congre-
gationalist, a Mason and a member of the
Monadnock Club of Keene.

GEORGE W. PRENTISS

George W. Prentiss, founder and president
of the George W. Prentiss Company, wire
manufacturers, of Holyoke, Mass., died
there April 2, 1915.

Mr. Prentiss was a native of the town of
Claremont, born October 10, 1829, the son of
Samuel and Clarissa (Whiting) Prentiss, his
father being a descendant of Thomas Prentiss
who settled in Cambridge, Mass., in 1636,
and a tanner by occupation. George W.
removed to Massachusetts in early life, after
graduating from the Claremont High School.
He was engaged for a time in Fairhaven, and
later in Worcester, where he learned the wire-
making business, removing to Holyoke in
1857, where he established a manufacturing
concern which grew to large proportions.
He was prominent in the public and financial
affairs of Holyoke for many years, serving as
an alderman, library director, member of the
sinking fund commission, president of the
Holyoke Savings Bank, and in various other
responsible positions.

In January, 1852, Mr. Prentiss married

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The Granite Monthly

Miss Jane D. Williams of Kingston, Mass.
His wife died several years ago and he leaves
two children, William A. Prentiss, who was
his business partner in the firm, and Clara
J., wife of William B. Tubby of Greenwich,
Conn.

JOHN ALBEE

Although not a native of the state or a
resident therein at the time of his death,
March 24, 1915, in Washington, D. C., John
Albee, poet, author, essayist and historian,
was intimately connected with New Hamp-
shire for many years, and well known to, and
highly esteemed by many of its people,
particularly in the southeastern section, having
had his home in Newcastle for several years,
of which town he wrote a history, and hi
recent years having had his summer home at
Chocorua, in Carroll County.

Mr. Albee was a native of Bellingham,
Mass., born in 1833, and was the last of his
family. He was educated at Andover
Academy and Harvard University. He was
an intimate friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson
in his early life, as well as of Thoreau and
the Alcotts. He married Harriet Ryan,
founder of the Channing Home in Boston.
He was the author of many charming vol-
umes, and held high rank in the literary world.

CHARLES M. HILDRETH

Charles Manning Hildreth, a leading busi-
ness man of Lebanon for more than half a
centurv, died at his home in that town March
14, 1915.

He was a native of the town of Plainfield,
born April 12, 1821. He was educated in the
schools of his native town and Claremont,
and was employed in early life, in the armory
at Windsor, Vt., and subsequently in the

Colt Manufacturing Company's establish-
ment at Hartford, Conn. In 1856 he re-
moved to Lebanon and engaged in the hard-
ware trade, in which he continued through
life, establishing an extensive and profitable
business. He was made a director of the
Lebanon National Bank in 1884, and was its
president from 1890 to 1913, and was also
for a long time vice-president of the Mascoma
Savings Bank. He was a Congregationalist,
and Republican in politics, and was a repre-
sentative in the legislature in 1874-75.

In 1853 Mr. Hildreth married Miss Dorcas
White of Williamstown, Vt., who died in 1879.
Three children— a son, Charles E. Hildreth,
who succeeds to the business, and two daugh-
ters survive.

ANDRE C. CHAMPOLLION

Andre Cherennot Champollion, though not
a native of the state, may well have been re-
garded as a New Hampshire man, from the
fact that he was a grandson of Austin Corbin,
the noted financier and railroad operator,
native of Newport, and had passed much of
his life in that town.

Mr. Champollion, a native of Paris, thirty-
five years of age, son of Ren6 Cherennot and
Mary Corbin Champollion, was stopping at
his summer home in Newport when the
European war broke out, and, believing it his
duty, enlisted in the service of France, in
which his paternal grandfather had won
distinction, and was killed at the front, at
Bois-le-Petre, March 23, last. He was a
graduate of Harvard of the class of 1902, and
an artist by profession. He married, some
years since, Adelaide, daughter of John J.
Knox of Pennsylvania, once comptroller of
the treasury, who survives, with a son, five
years of age.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

The New Hampshire Legislature of 1915
ended its session just before midnight on Wed-
nesday, April 21. The "short business ses-
sion," talked about when the members first
came together, developed into one of the long-
est ever held, considering the amount of busi-
ness actually done, and partisanship was as
thoroughly dominant, as was the case two
years ago. Indeed, when the results of the
session's work are fully developed, there will
be far fewer Democrats left in office in New
Hampshire than there were Republicans at
the end of the last administration, so strongly
denounced for its partisanship. " To the vic-
tors belong the spoils" seems to be an under-
lying principle of action with all parties, as
fully now as at any time in the past.

The next issue of the Granite Monthly
will be a double number for May and June,
mainly devoted to the one hundred and fiftieth
anniversary of the charter of Concord, to be

celebrated June 6, 7 and 8. Preparations for
this event are now well under way. The an-
niversary proper, when the historical exercises
will be held, occurs on Monday, the 7th. On
Sunday, there will be appropriate services in
the several churches in the morning, with a
union service in the evening. On Monday, a
grand military and civic parade is planned for
the forenoon, and the anniversary exercises
will occur in the afternoon, Hon. Samuel C.
Eastman presiding, with an historical address
by Judge Charles R. Corning and an oration
by President W. H. C. Faunce of Brown Uni-
versity. On Tuesday, there will be an in-
dustrial and trade parade in the morning, a
legislative reunion at the State House, and an
automobile parade in the afternoon. An in-
teresting feature of the celebration will be an
historical pageant, presented at White Park,
by the Parker School, in charge of Miss Dick-
erman, after the anniversary exercises Monday
afternoon.

THE STATE CAPITOL

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVII, Nos. 5-6 MAY-JUNE, 1915 New Series. Vol. 10, Nos. 5-6

CONCORD'S ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH

ANNIVERSARY

Celebrated Under the Auspices of the Board of Trade, June

6, 7, 8, 1915

On the seventh day of June, 1765, assessment and collection of taxes,

in the fifth year of the reign of King into the consideration of which it is

George the Third, the New Hamp- unnecessary to enter in this connec-

shire provincial legislature — Benning tion, the same having been fully cov-

Wentworth, governor; Theodore At- ered by different historical writers;

Mnson, president of the council; but it was particularly to facilitate

Henry Sherburne, speaker of the house the collection of taxes, as set forth in

— granted a charter, as a parish, the preamble of the act of incorpora-

under the name of Concord, with full tion, that the parish of Concord was

town privileges, to all that part of chartered by the legislature, at the

the territory embraced within the time specified.

present limits of the city, and the Just how many people were resid-
inhabitants therein residing, except ing within the limits of the parish,
a tract upon the east, set off from the at the time of its incorporation, can-
towns of Canterbury and Loudon, not be definitely stated; but there
by the state legislature in 1784, and were, naturally, somewhat fewer than
a tract from Bow, in 1804. the total number of inhabitants shown

The same territory, or the main therein by the provincial census of
portion thereof, had been embraced 1767, which gave the population of
in the plantation of "Penny-Cook," Concord as 752. The ten most pop-
granted in 1725 by the legislature of ulous places in the province at this
Massachusetts, which province then time were: Portsmouth, with 4,466
claimed jurisdiction over this part inhabitants; Londonderry, 2,389; Ex-
of New Hampshire, and duly incor- eter, 1,690; Dover, 1,614; Epping,
porated as a township "by the name 1,410; Hampton Falls, 1,381; New-
of Rumford," by the same authority, market, 1,281; Durham, 1,232; Ches-
February 27, 1733. Meanwhile the ter, 1,189; Rochester, 984. Hopkin-
legislature of New Hampshire, which ton, which subsequently became Con-
also claimed jurisdiction, had, on cord's rival for the location of the
May 27, 1727, incorporated a town- state capital, and which, by the way,
ship, containing eighty-one square is also celebrating the one hundred
miles, which embraced a considerable and fiftieth anniversary of its incorpo-
part of what is now Concord and ration this year, had at the time a
Bow, as well as a portion of the pres- population of only 473.
ent Pembroke. Much controversy At the first legal meeting of the
grew out of these rival claims of inhabitants of the new parish, which
jurisdiction, and serious difficulties was not held until January 21, 1766,
arose, especially in the matter of the Lieut. Richard Hasseltine was elected

126

The Granite Monthly

moderator and Peter Coffin, clerk.
Joseph Farnum, Lot Colby and John
Chandler, Jr., were chosen selectmen;
Benjamin Emery, constable; Lieuten-
ant Hasseltine and Amos Abbot,
tythingmen; Jonathan Chase, Robert
Davis and Nathaniel Eastman, sur-
veyors of highways; Dea. George
Abbott, sealer of leather; and Lieut.
Nathaniel Abbott, scaler of lumber.
In the hundred and fifty years since

part in the great struggle for national
independence, no less than thirty-five
Concord men, including three cap-
tains, participating in the battle of
Bunker Hill, and a goodly number in
all the northern campaigns, through-
out the war, as in all the subsequent
wars of the Republic; though it has
been in the arts and the triumphs of
peace that they have taken most
pride, and have been preeminently

City Hall

its incorporation, Concord has made
no rapid strides, but has enjoyed a
steady and substantial growth in
wealth and population, till, by the
last census, its inhabitants numbered
21,497.

In the early days the people had
been exposed to attack by the In-
dians, and had suffered loss of life and
property at their hands, going armed
to meeting on Sunday, and main-
taining constant guard through the
week in periods of special danger.
Later, they nobly performed their

successful. Agriculture has been fos-
tered and has flourished; and, al-
though making no claims as a manu-
facturing center, Concord has estab-
lished a reputation for superiority of
production, in various lines, that is
more than nation wide. The inter-
ests of religion have been cared for
from the day when the settlers of
Penny-Cook held their first service of
worship, on the 15th day of May,
1726, and no city in the country, of
its size, is better supplied with
churches than Concord, and in none

Concord's 150th Anniversary

127

are they better equipped for the high
service for which they are established.
Education has been no less the sub-
ject of the people's solicitude, and
the schools of Concord are today sur-
passed by none in the state or nation,
either in material equipment or the
character of instruction afforded.

In everything that goes to make up
a model city of its size and class in
these days of light and progress,
Concord excels, and offers special ad-
vantages to those seeking a desirable
and attractive place of residence for
themselves and families; yet it owes
its prominence, of course, in no small
degree, to the fact that it has been
for the last hundred years the capital
of the state; and, though repeated
attempts have been made to deprive
it of this distinction, the permanency
of its position in this regard may now
be safely considered as fully estab-
lished.

Concord was granted a city charter
by the state legislature in 1849, but
did not accept the same until four
years later, in March, 1853. In the
summer of 1903 the fiftieth anniver-
sary of Concord as a city was observed
with elaborate ceremonies; but no
movement was ever made, so far as
can be recalled, for any celebration
of the anniversary of the charter
which gave the town and city its name,
until the attention of the Concord
Board of Trade was called, at its
last annual meeting, to the fact that
the one hundred and fiftieth anniver-
sary of the same would occur on the
seventh day of June following, and
the propriety of a fitting celebra-
tion thereof was suggested, the same
being emphasized by the fact that
several towns of the state had lately,
and very successfully, celebrated simi-
lar anniversaries.

The subject was favorably consid-
ered by the board, and a general com-
mittee appointed to have the matter
in charge; also a special committee to
secure authority from the incoming
legislature for the city government to
appropriate money for the purpose,

and another to secure the required
appropriation. These special com-
mittees attended to their duty in due
season, the first act passed by the
legislature being the necessary enab-
ling act, and an appropriation of
$2,500 ($3,000 having been asked for)
was finally secured from the city gov-
ernment.

Meanwhile, the general committee
had been enlarged till its membership
numbered twenty-five, and was organ-
ized with H. H. Metcalf, chairman;
Frank Cressy, vice-chairman, and
James O. Lyford ; secretary, the latter
subsequently declining on account of
other pressing work, and Arthur H.
Chase being elected in his place.
Various sub-committees were ap-
pointed by the general committee to
have charge of various branches of
the required work, each being em-
powered to increase its membership
as might be necessary or expedient.
Later, the general committee proving
too large a body for effective work in
looking after details, an executive
committee was appointed for this
purpose. The full list of committees,
as finally constituted, was as follows:

GENERAL COMMITTEE

Henry H. Metcalf, chairman; Frank
Cressy, vice-chairman; Arthur H. Chase, sec-
retary; Augustine R. Ayers, Bennett Batch-
elder, Rev. John J. Brophy, Edmund H.
Brown, William D. Chandler, Levin J. Chase,
Dr. George Cook, Charles R. Corning, Miss
Carrie E. Evans, Charles J. French, Edward
J. Gallagher, Carl A. Hall, Mrs. E. C. Hoague,
Allen Hollis, Mrs. C. D. Howard, James O.
Lyford, David E. Murphy, Harlan C. Pear-
son, Oliver J. Pelren, Joseph A. W. Phaneuf,
James W. Tucker, Joseph E. Shepard.

SUB-COMMITTEES
Finance — 'The Mayor and Aldermen.
Invitation — Dr. George Cook, chairman;
Augustine R. Ayers, W. S. Baker, Edmund H.
Brown, Henry C. Brown, Mrs. Helen B. P.
Cogswell, Frank P. Curtis, Dr. E. E. Graves,
Rev. Howard F. Hill, Frank J. Pillsbury,
Joseph E. Shepard, John C. Thorne.

Reception — Louis C. Merrill, chairman;
Fred I. Blackwood, Richard A. Brown, Henry
E. Chamberlin, Harry R. Cressy, Everett L.
Davis, Harry H. Dudley, Josiah E. Fernald,
Carlos H. Foster, Charles J. French, Nathaniel
W. Hobbs, Charles C. Jones, Benjamin A.

HON. SAMUEL C. EASTMAN
Anniversary President

Concord's 150th Anniversary

129

Kimball, Michael J. Lee, George H. Moses,
Arthur P. Morrill, David E. Murphy, Edward
N. Pearson, James W. Remick, Henry W.
Stevens, Dr. F. A. Stillings, Frank S. Streeter,
Dr. D. E. Sullivan, William F. Thayer, Ed-
ward K. Woodworth.

Religious Observance — The Pastors of
the city; Rev. George H. Reed, D. D., chair-
man.

Music — Charles S. Conant, chairman;
Miss Ada M. Aspinwall, Carlyle W. Blaisdell,
Miss Agnes Mitchell, Mrs. Osma C. Morrill,
Arthur F. Nevers, Herbert W. Odlin, Herbert
W. Rainie, Mrs. Cora Fuller Straw.

Aniversary Exercises — Henry H. Met-
calf, chairman; Arthur H. Chase, Frank
Cressy, Nathaniel Hobbs, Mrs. Charles D.
Howard, Mrs. James W. Remick, Dr. Charles
R. Walker.

Legislative Reunion — James O. Lyford,
chairman; William J. Ahern, Henry E. Cham-
berlin, Benjamin W. Couch, Milon D. Cum-
mings, Nathaniel E. Martin, Frank J. Pills-
bury, Arthur F. Sturtevant, John Swenson,
John G. Tallant, Reuben E. Walker.

Military and Civic Parade — Gen. J. N.
Patterson, chairman; John B. Abbott, Gen.
Frank Battles, Harry C. Brunei, Col. Solon
A. Carter, Harry M. Cheney, Capt. Jacob
Conn, Albert P. Davis, Fred M. Dodge, Maj.
Joseph Gale, William C. Green, Capt. Otis G.

Hammond, Frank D. Holmes, Hiram G.
Kilkenney, George A. S. Kimball, Col. Charles
L. Mason, Capt. George H. Morrill, Daniel
E. Murphy, Eugene J. O'Neil, George O. Rob-
inson, Col. Harley B. Roby, Edward K.
Webster.

Trade and Industrial Parade — George
P. Wilder, chairman; John B. Abbott, Harry
A. Brown, Harold Bridge, A. H. Britton,
Ernest S. Chase, Freeman W. Crosby, Charles
Davis, Everett L. Davis, Charles R. Denning,
Russell H. Derby, Harry G. Emmons, Albert
I. Foster, John B. Hawkes, Guy S. Hubbard,
Arthur H. Knowlton, Emri Lapierre, John C.
McQuilken, David E. Murphy, Joseph E.
Otis, John W. Pearson, Henry M. Richardson,
George O. Robinson, Harry Rolfe, William
S. Rossiter, Charles H. Sanders, Harry
Shapiro, Raymond Thompson, Walter W.
Williamson.

Automobile Parade — Fred L. Johnson,
chairman; Perley E. Badger, H. Dale Brown,
Robert W. Brown, William D. Chandler,
William Chamberlain, Harold L. Darrah, W.
E. Darrah, Irving D. Dudley, I. E. Gray,
Carl A. Hall, Dr. Adrian H. Hoyt, Frank
Lamora.

Decoration — Levin J. Chase, chairman;
Frank P. Andrews, Bennett Batchelder,
William H. Dunlap, Harry G. Emmons, Ed-
son J. Hill, Charles L. Jackman, David E.

Hon. Samuel Coffin Eastman, president of the day, Concord's leading citizen, youngest
son of Seth and Sarah (Coffin) Eastman, was born in Concord July 11, 1837. He is a descend-
ant of Roger Eastman, who settled in Salisbury, Mass., in 163S, and a great grandson of that
Capt. Ebenezex Eastman who was the first settler of Concord, then the "Plantation of Penny-
Cook" in 1731, long the leading spirit of the settlement, prominent in public affairs, and a
brave soldier and officer in the French and Indian wars. Mr. Eastman prepared for college
at Rockingham Academy, Hampton Falls, and graduated from Brown University, with the
degree of Master of Arts in 1S57, having been for a time assistant librarian in the college. He
was a member of the Alpha Delta Phi Society, and was elected to the Phi Beta Kappa after
graduation. He studied law with Hon. Josiah Minot and graduated LL. B. from the Harvard
Law School in 1859, being immediately admitted to the bar and commencing practice in Con-
cord, where he has since continued, devoting special attention to insurance and corporation
law, in which lines he has long held a leading position, and has been connected with many
important cases in the state and United States Supreme courts, most creditably for himself
and satisfactorily to his clients. He has been and still is counsel for many important corpora-
tions. Long interested in and extensively engaged in insurance, he organized on the day after
the withdrawal of the foreign insurance companies from the state upon the enactment of the
"Valued Policy" law of 1895, the Concord Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of which he
became and continues president. He has been long identified with the management of the
New Hampshire Savings Bank, of which he has been president for over twenty years, and
whose remarkable success is due in no small degree to his careful judgment and direction. He
was a director and treasurer of the Eastern Railroad in New Hampshire until its consolidation
with the Boston & Maine, has been long a director of the Concord & Portsmouth, and is actively
identified with many other corporations. He served, as a Republican, in the legislature of 1885
when he was speaker of the house, winning high reputation as a parliamentarian, and was
again a member in 1893. He was for twelve years a member of the Concord Board of Educa-
tion; has been a prominent member of the New Hampshire Historical Society, serving as trustee,,
recording secretary and president ; has been president of the New Hampshire Bar Association ;
is a member of the American Bar Association, and was a delegate-at-large to the Universal
Congress of Lawyers and Jurists at St. Louis in 1904. He has traveled widely, written exten-
sively for the press, and delivered many important occasional addresses. On July 11, 1861,
he married Mary Clifford, daughter of judge Albert G. Greene of Providence, R. I., who died
October 19, 1895. Their only child, Mary Clifford Eastman, educated in the Concord schools
and Vassar College, an accomplished young lady, devoted to educational and philanthropio
work, greatly beloved and esteemed in the community, died a few years since.

HON. CHARLES R. CORNING
Anniversary Historian

Concord's 150th Anniversary

131

Murphy, Nelson H. Murray, Ernest P. Rob-
erts, R. F. Robinson, Eugene Sullivan, Daniel
W. Sullivan, Jr., Charles F. Thompson, Ben-
jamin C. White.

Historic Floats — Capt. Otis G. Ham-
mond, chairman; Mrs. Clara M. Ayers,
Harry Courser, Charles H. Gay, John P.
George, Isaac Hill, Walter L. Jenks, Mrs.
Belle Marshall Locke, William K. McFarland,
Frank P. Quimby, Benjamin S. Rolfe, George
H. Rolfe, George L. Theobald, Willis D.
Thompson, John C. Thome, Joseph T. Walker.

Sports — David J. Adams, chairman; Wil-
liam J. Ahem, Charles A. Bartlett, Roy W.
Fraser, Frank K. Kelley, Fred Leigh ton,
Frank Nardini, Harlan C. Pearson, William
L. Reagan, Charles H. Sinclair.

Pageant — Louis J. Rundlett, chairman;
Miss Harriett S. Emmons, Mrs. Otis Ham-
mond, Mrs. C. D. Howard, Mrs. W. B. Howe,
Mrs. George Lauder, Charles E. Moores,
Miss Grace Morrill, Mrs. D. E. Sullivan, Mrs.
Mary P. Wood worth.

Advertising, Printing and Badges — Ed-
ward J. Gallagher, chairman; John D. Bridge,
William D. Chandler, Thomas Dyer, Leon
Evans, Roy E. George, John P. Kelley, Jos-
eph O. W. Phaneuf, James W. Tucker.

Memorial — Eugene J. O'Neil, chairman;
Mrs. Cavis Brown, Mrs. E. C. Hoague, Mrs.

C. D. Howard, Miss Annie A. McFarland,
Miss Grace Morrill, Miss Mildred Pearson,
Miss Gladys Remick, Mrs. B. F. Rolfe, Mrs.

D. E. Sullivan, Mrs. John C. Thorne, the
mayor and aldermen.

Executive Committee — Bennett Batchel-
der, chairman; Arthur H. Chase, Ernest S.
Chase, John S. B. Davie, I. Leon Evans,
Charles J. French, Mrs. Charles D. Howard,
Henry H. Metcalf, Joseph O. W. Phaneuf,
Mrs. Benjamin S. Rolfe, Henry W. Stevens.

The plan of the celebration, as de-
termined upon by the General Com-
mittee, comprehended a three days'
observance, covering Sunday, Mon-
day and Tuesday, June 6, 7 and 8.
It was proposed that services appro-
priate to the occasion be held in all
the churches of the city on Sunday
morning, and that all join in a grand
union service, at 7.45 in the evening,
music being furnished by the united
choirs of the city, under the direction
of Charles S. Conant, director of the
Concord Oratorio Society, and teacher
of music in the public schools, with
Mrs. Cora Fuller Straw as accom-
panist. Representatives Hall in the
State House was selected as the most
fitting place for this meeting and for
the other public gatherings incident to
the celebration.

For Monday, the second day — the
anniversary day proper — a grand mil-
itary and civic parade was planned
for the forenoon, the same embracing
the entire National Guard of the state,
and all the various uniformed civic
organizations in the city, and such
other organizations and societies as
might care to participate; the his-
torical or anniversary exercises to be
held in the afternoon, at 1.30. Hon.
Samuel C. Eastman was selected as

Hon. Charles Robert Corning, historian of the day, is a native and life-long resident of
Concord, born December 20, 1855, son of Robert N. and Mary L. (Woodman) Corning. He
was educated in the Concord public schools, Phillips Andover Academy and by private tutors.
He studied law with Marshall & Chase, and at the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to
the bar in March, 1882. Meanwhile he had been elected a representative in the New Hamp-
shire legislature, but did not take his seat, going abroad for two years, on account of ill health.
After his return he was again chosen to the house, in March, 1883, and served as a member of
the committees on Education and Judiciary. In November, 1888, he was elected to the state
senate from the Tenth District and "served at the next biennial session as chairman of the Com-
mittee on Incorporations and member of the committees on Revision of the Laws and Military
Affairs. He was a trustee of the Concord City Library from 1887 to 1891, and of the State
Library from 1887 to 1892. He was a member of the Concord Board of Education in 1881-82,
1884-87, and chairman of the board nine years, from 1889. He served four years as an assist-
ant attorney in the Department of Justice at Washington, under Attorney-Generals Miller
and Olney. He was chairman of the building committee of Union District, Concord, having
in charge the erection of the New High School, Manual Training, and Garrison School build-
ings. In June, 1899, he was appointed, by Governor Rollins, judge of probate for the county
of Merrimack, and has served since with conspicuous ability. In November, 1902, he was
elected mayor of Concord, as the Republican nominee, and twice reelected, serving six years
in all — a longer term than any previous mayor. He was for several years a trustee of the State
Normal School, is a member and corresponding secretary of the New Hampshire Historical
Society, a member of the Wonolancet Club, the Concord Board of Trade, and Blazing Star
Lodge, A. F. and A. M. Judge Corning is a close student, graceful and voluminous writer,
has published several books and monographs, and has delivered many lectures and occasional
addresses. Dartmouth College conferred upon him the honorary degree of A. M. in 1887.

REV. JOHN VANNEVAR, D.D.
Anniversary Preacher — Pastor Universalist Church, 1895-1912

Concord's- 150th Anniversary

133

president of the day, Judge Charles
R. Corning as historian, and Rev. W.
H. P. Faunce, D. D., president of
Brown University, and a graduate of
the Concord High School, as orator.
Gen. J. N. Patterson was assigned to
the command of the parade as chief
marshal. A concert by Nevers' Third
Regiment Band was provided for
Monday evening, following an his-
torical pageant, presented in White
Park by students of the Parker School
under the direction of the principal,
Miss Luella Dickerman, featuring
scenes in Concord's early history, this
being scheduled for 4.15 p. m.

The essential features of the cele-
bration arranged for Tuesday, June 8,
were a grand parade- of trade and in-
dustrial floats and of decorated auto-
mobiles, to come off in the forenoon,
to be followed by a reunion of all
surviving members of the legislature
and state government, at the State
House in the afternoon, commencing
at 1.30 o'clock, with Hon. Hosea W.
Parker of Claremont, the oldest sur-
viving member of the legislature, in
point of service sufficiently vigorous
to act in such capacity, who repre-
sented the town of Lempster in the
House in 1859 and 1860, fifty-five
and fifty-six years ago, presiding over
the meeting.

For the same afternoon a pro-
gramme of Sports was provided, in-
cluding a Marathon race from Pena-
cook, and various short races, for
handsome prizes, on State Street; also
the dedication with appropriate cere-
monies of a historic boulder on the
Walker School grounds, under the
auspices of Rumford Chapter, D. A. R.,
and of Memorial drinking fountains at
the North and South school play
grounds.

Following is the detailed pro-
gram arranged for the Sunday even-
ing service:

SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 7.45 P. M.
Recessional Kipling — Huss

United Choirs
Invocation

Rev. James Greer

Scripture Lesson

Rev. W. Stanley Emery
Anniversary Hymn

Rev. N. F. Carter, Tune of Duke Street
Choirs and Congregation
Prayer

Rev. Horace B. Williams, Ph. D.
Hymn— "A Mighty Fortress" Luther

Sermon

Rev. John Vannevar, D. D.
Hymn— "God of Our Fathers," D. C. Roberts
Benediction

Rev. George H. Reed, D. D.

The program for the anniversary
exercises, Monday afternoon, included
music by Nevers' and Blaisdell's Or-
chestra at the opening, with a brief
address by President Eastman; In-
vocation by Rev. Thomas H. Stacy,
D. D.; Words of Welcome by Mayor
Charles J. French; Response by Gov.
Rolland H. Spaulding; Singing of
Longfellow's "Ship of State," by the
Concord Oratorio Society, Charles S.
Conant, director, and Miss Ada M.
Aspinwall, accompanist, the orchestra
also accompanying; Historical Ad-
dress by Hon. Charles R. Corning;
Singing of "The Pilgrims," by the
Oratorio Society; Oration by Rev.
W. H. P. Faunce, D. D.; Singing of
"America" by the chorus and audi-
ence; Benediction by Rt. Rev. Ed-
ward M. Parker, Episcopal Bishop of
New Hampshire.

The historical address by Judge
Corning, follows, in full:

HISTORICAL ADDRESS
By Charles R. Corning

We meet here today to celebrate in be-
coming manner an event singularly blended
with both historical and -political interest
and significance. We are not observing our
birthday for that had taken place in 1725,
almost half a century before. In this respect
then, today's observance is unusual. In
June, one hundred and fifty years ago, the
territory now within our municipal boundar-
ies had been recognized and inhabited for
more than a generation, first as the Plantation
of Penacook and a few years later as Rumford.

The generation of frontier life so full of
privation and peril had passed away. By
1765 the terror of savase foes who struck

HON. HOSEA W. PARKER
President of Legislative Reunion — Member of House of Representatives, 1859-60

Concord's 150th Anniversary

135

without warning had disappeared and the
scattered farmers were no longer haunted by
fears of slaughter and pillage. Nearly twenty
years had passed since the massacre, so called,
on the Millville road, while to the North,
Wolfe and his redcoats had crushed forever
the spirit and purpose of the French and their
Indian allies.

The continual menace had been removed
and with it went the constant fear that had
followed and kept company with the home-
makers on their wilderness farms. But the
repose for which, during those early years,
the settlers had fought and suffered did not
come with the fall of Canada. Blood had
been freely shed; death in most horrible shape
had descended upon the stricken settlement
time and time again during those years of
terror and alarm. Now that peace had
fallen over the land and all fear of savage
foray removed a happy and prosperous era
seemed assured. The North American con-
tinent was for the first time practically Eng-
lish in government, language, literature and
aspiration.

New England had great cause to rejoice
and the Province of New Hampshire was no
insignificant part of New England when peace
was made in 1763; consequently our people
partook of the general joy and looked forward
to years of prosperous happiness. But this
feeling of relief and security so general else-
where was mingled with vexation and appre-
hension on the banks of the Merrimack.
Here in this smiling valley was gathering a
cloud of portentous menace. It no longer
was the lurking savage that sent an ever
present fear among the little homesteads but
a cause wholly different and peculiarly per-
taining to Penacook. Other towns exempt
from the perplexities hovering over Penacook
or Rumford quickly recovered from the
wounds and sufferings entailed by the long
strife and waxed contented and strong, but
not so with the unfortunate dwellers whose
all was comprised within the ancient bounda-
ries of what is now Concord.

These men and their fathers, farmers all,
turning away from the older towns nearer the
coast line, had broken into the wilderness and
in solitude and hardship had subdued the
willing intervale to their uses. Here harassed
by cruel and alert savages they had laid out
their lots and built their habitations and thev

had suffered much. Four decades had passed
since the repeatedly granted charters of Pena-
cook by Massachusetts had become effective
through actual and permanent occupation.
As we measure time in our country 1725 seems
very faint and far away, and doubtless that
date seemed somewhat remote to the Rum-
ford people in 1765. A generation separated
the beginning and the end of this period and
in that time much had occurred.

Try as we may we cannot comprehend
fully the threatening situation that confronted
these settlers, or measure adequately their"
mental distress. Here they were living on
the land which they had wrested from nature
and defended throughout a long war, marked
with bloody occurrences close by their own
hearthstones, and now, when strife had been
laid forever, they were threatened with a
danger immediate and appalling. It was no
longer the menace of the French and Indian
that they had to fear and meet; it was a suit
at law, peaceable in its procedure, but paralyz-
ing in its purpose.

The name commonly given to that long
continued series of law suits having for their
direct purpose the ousting of the settlers and
the dispossession of their farms was the Bow
Controversy. When we look about us today
and consider the respective relations of Bow
with Concord, it seems incredible that a
difficulty so serious could have arisen between
these neighboring and friendly towns.

Dwelling side by side, drawn toward each
other by the closest of interests, we of this
generation fail utterly to understand what
it all was about. In every possible point of
view as we look at it the momentous question
that so long vexed the pioneers of Rumford
seems as unreal and illusory as it is remote in
time. Remote as we count the years, yes,
but to those home-making men and women
it was profoundly substantial in texture and
purpose. Historians have often made that
episode an important feature of then' work
and have investigated the ancient records
and given us the result of their ripe studies.
The subject has possessed a singular interest
to the historical student, and the reason is
easy to explain. The interest aroused by the
Bow Controversy consists in the various and
unusual official relationship surrounding it
from the beginning to the close. First, there
are the quaint and conflicting, — perhaps I

REV. GEORGE HARLOW REED, D.D.

Pastor of First Congregational Church— Chairman of Committee on

Religious Observance

Concord's 150th Anniversary

137

had better say the confusing charters under
the sign manual of the Stuart kings which
solemnly confirmed vast grants of territory
that never wholly existed, or, at all events,
have not to this day been definitely dis-
covered. But the kings must not be blamed as
the cause of those charter troubles. North
America, during the reign of the Stuarts, was
literally terra incognita and all knowledge re-
specting its size, shape and situation rested on
supposition and unscientific surveys. Nothing
was thoroughly understood beyond the fact
that England was some thousand miles dis-
tant across the uncharted Atlantic, and that
one of Nature's stupendous secrets lay con-
cealed somewhere in the regions of the setting
sun. As we review the history of the period,
we begin to comprehend the confusion and
contradictory results attending those early
exploits in the new continent.

And one of the direct results springing out
of that condition of public affairs affected
most seriously the settlers of Rumford and
their hard- won farms. And we of this gen-
eration, so remote from that vexed and im-
periled generation of more than a century
and a half ago, are enabled to trace with
certainty the meaning and significance of
this celebration and to understand clearly
that today marks the anniversary of a very
unusual historical event. That we have done
wisely to observe this occasion must be the
judgment of all.

Not to have taken official notice of the day
would have been a sad reflection, a regrettable
departure from cherished traditions.

This is no mere holiday suggested by a
barren date in the calendar of the past. It

is infinitely more than that. It is the day
that marks the culmination of Rumford's
struggles and self denials and courageous
resolution of more than one hundred and
fifty years ago. The story may well furnish
a theme for the historian and the orator.

Merely a faint outline remains of the wilder-
ness farms and their rude habitations as we
look back over the intervening years. We
must call imagination to our aid if we would
make the outlines clearer and better defined.

We shall see, as in a faded picture, not only
the little frontier, plantation scattered along
the fertile valley from Horseshoe Pond south-
ward with the log meeting-house half way
down the clearing, and not far away the
dwelling of the young minister.

"Half house of God, half castle 'gainst
the foe."

But hovering over that community were
darkening skies presaging disaster to one and
all.

To present that situation to you so that its
causes and results may be understood, it is
necessary to review in part, at least, the annals
preceding the founding of Penacook, assisting
us to comprehend the situation confronting
the founders of the little settlement. I re-
ferred a moment ago to the confused and
conflicting charters granted by the Stuart
kings in the days when knowledge of our
continent was dim and uncertain. And to
one of those charters may be attributed the
beginning of this trouble. Charles the First,
under the date of March 4, 1628-29, gave to
the governor and assistants of the Massachu-
setts company a charter embracing all the

Rev. George Harlow Reed, D. D., pastor of the First Congregational Church, Concord,
N. H., was born in Worcester, Mass., March 24, 1858. He was educated in the schools of his
native city, where he began his studies, which were continued in Phillips-Exeter Academy;
Boston University and Bangor Theological Seminary. After a pastorate of four years in the
Winslow Congregational Church, Taunton, Mass., and nearly seven years in the North Church,
Haverhill, Mass., the was installed as pastor of the First Congregational Church, Concord.
N. H., June 30, 1898. Doctor Reed has labored for the past seventeen years in the spirit of his
predecessors and the church is united and prosperous. This "Church of Christ" was organ-
ized November 18, 1730, and Doctor Reed is the sixth pastor in the one hundred eighty-five
years of the church's history — a record without an equal probably in the whole country. The
succession of pastorates is as follows: Rev. Timothy Walker, ordained and installed November
18, 1730; died September 1, 1782; pastorate, fifty-two years. Rev. Israel Evans, A. M., (chap-
lain in the American Army, 1775-1783) installed July 1, 1789; dismissed July 1,1797; pastorate,
eight years. Rev. Asa McFarland, D. D., ordained and installed March 7, 1798; dis-
missed March 23, 1825; pastorate, twenty-seven years. Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, D. D., or-
dained and installed March 23, 1825; dismissed September 12, 1867; pastorate, forty-two years.
Rev. Franklin Deming Ayer, D. D., installed September 12, 1867; dismissed September 12,
1897; pastorage, thirty years, Pastor Emeritus; Rev. George Harlow Reed, D.D., installed
June 30, 1898; the present pastor.

RT. REV. WILLIAM W. NILES, D.D., L.L.D.
Protestant Episcopal Bishop of New Hampshire, 1870 to 1914

Concord's 150th Anniversary

139

territory lying between an easterly and
westerly line, running three miles north of any
part of the Merrimack River, and extending
from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. To
read this document clothed in -quaint phrase-
ology, descriptive of extraordinary boundaries
and more extraordinary royal mines of gold
and silver and other mines "and minerals
whatsoever, " is to give one a curious impres-
sion of the close association of exaggerated
and illustory topography, religious influence
and the overweening love of earthly riches,
all so characteristic of the period.

Among the errors held by King Charles and
his council was one that seems to us, in our
day, almost mirth inspiring; it was then be-
lieved that America was a narrow strip of
land and that the distance across from the
Atlantic to the Pacific was comparatively
short. Balboa had

"stared with all his men,
Silent upon a peak in Darien."

He had traversed the isthmus jungle from
ocean to ocean and, from his discovery, it was
readily assumed that the northern part of
the continent partook of similar dimension.
But the critical error found in the king's
charter, and which subsequently became the

source whence sprang the woes that threat-
ened the people of Rumford, were the words
"three miles north of the Merrimack River."

The navigators and explorers of an earlier
date, who visited the Xew England coast,
thought that the general course of our river
was east and west according to the direction
at Newbury port near its mouth, and that
misdescription became incorporated in the
charter of 1628-29, thereby adding largely
to the legal entanglements of the period.

Unfortunately that charter was not the
only one to cause dissention and give rise
to litigation lasting more than a century and
a half. Interwoven with this document was
a prior charter, granted by the crown to Sir
Ferdinando Gorges and to John Mason, w r ith
which the Massachusetts charter conflicted
in many material provisions. The court
circles at London were obsessed with day
dreams of Spanish galleons laden deep with
ingots of silver and chests of precious stones,
and monarch and courtiers alike were impa-
tient to behold at the Tower dock a repetition
of that scene which had so often been enacted
at the Tower of Gold in Seville. The imagi-
nation of man had been touched and stimu-
lated as never before.

We are prone to venture the 1 elief that the

Rt. Rev. William Woodruff Niles, D.D., LL.D., born May 24, 1832, died March 31, 1914.
He was the son of Daniel F. and Delia (Woodruff) Niles, born at Hatley, P. Q., and educated
in the public schools, the local Academy, Derby (Vt.) Academy, and Trinity College, Hart-
ford, Conn., graduating from the latter in 1857. He taught school six months at the age of
seventeen, before entering college, and after graduation was an instructor one year at Trinity
College and two years in the Hartford High School. He then entered Berkeley Divinity School
where he took his degree in 1861. In the same year he was ordained a deacon by Bishop
Williams of Connecticut, at Middletown; and a priest in June, 1862, at Wiscassett Me., by
Bishop Burgess, the great first bishop of Maine. His first parish was at Wiscassett, where he
remained till 1864, when he became professor of Latin at Trinity College, remaining until
1870, being also, for the last three years, rector of St. John's Church at Warehouse Point,
Conn. In June, 1870, he was elected bishop of the diocese of New Hampshire, and consecrated,
September 21, by Rt. Rev. Benjamin B. Smith, bishop of Kentucky. He entered immediately
upon the duties of his high office, continuing the performance of the same with conspicuous
ability and fidelity through life — a term of service seldom equaled — during which he not only
served the church, but the state and the community, in which he lived with devoted loyalty.
The New Hampshire diocese grew in every way during his administration, being now several
times larger than when he assumed the direction of its affairs. In connection with his serv-
ice as bishop he also held the position of rector of St. Paul's Church in Concord. In 1906,
Rev. Edward Melville Parker was appointed coadjutor, on account of the advancing years
and fairing strength of Bishop Niles. At the time of his death Bishop Niles was president
of the trustees of St. Paul's School, St. Mary's School, and the Holderness School for Boys.
He was made a joint editor of The Churchman at the time of its establishment . He w r as also
a member of the commission to revise the book of common prayer, and of that to revise the
marginal readings of the English Bible. His fortieth anniversary as bishop of New Hampshire
was duly celebrated by the diocese in 1910. He married, June 5, 1862, Bertha Olmstead of
Hartford, Conn., who survives him, with two sons, Edward Cullen Niles, chairman of the New
Hampshire Public Service Commission, and Rev. W r illiam Porter Niles, rector of the Church
of the Good Shepherd, Nashua; and two daughters, Miss Mary Niles and Miss Bertha Niles,
teacher of art and modern languages at St. Mary's School, Concord.

HON. JOHN KIMBALL
Mayor of Concord, 1872 to 1875

Concord's 150th Anniversary 141

love of gain is peculiarly a growth incident to at Portsmouth, which, on a smaller stage,

our own era and conditions, but I think we exhibited those acts of avarice so prevalent in

forget human nature in our deduction. London. Disappointed because the golden

No modern historian has given deeper shower had never enriched them, the kingly

study to our Colonial period than that dis- circle looked greedily about, seeking a sub-

tinguished son of New England, the late stitute source of riches with which to replen-

Charles Francis Adams, who said: ish their coffers. Fishing there was, but the

"At the court of Charles the First every- sea would not yield its wealth without prepa-

thing was matter of influence or purchase. ration and labor, continued and severe, and

The founders of Massachusetts were men trade and commerce were undignified and

just abreast of their time, and not in advance unpromising; but there still was left the vast

of it. It has never been explained how the and unexplored continent inviting exploita-

charter of 1629 was originally secured. tion. Consequently charter after charter

"That the original patentees of Massa- came from the English crown granting tracts
chusetts bribed some courtier near the king, of land bounded and described beyond the
and through him bought their charter, is skill of man to ascertain. The grants, incon-
wholly probable. Everyone bribed, and sistent with one another, overlapped, inter-
almost everyone about the king took bribes. fered and conflicted. The evil and mis-
That the patentees had powerful influence at fortune, resulting from these ill-conditioned
court is certain; exactly where it lay is not charters, outlived the House of Stuart and
apparent." continued beyond the period when the House

Later in my narrative I shall call your of Brunswick relinquished its sovereignty

attention to a similar condition of the official over the young Republic,

mind and the intimate influences surrounding The inevitable disagreements over counter

it that enveloped the little vice-regal court claims, inherent in the series of inconsistent

Hon. John Kimball, mayor of Concord in 1872-73-74-75, and in many capacities conspic-
uous in public and business life, was born in Canterbury April 13, 1821, and died in Concord
June 1, 1913, full of years and of honors won in faithful and efficient service of city, state and
humanity at large. He was the elder son of Benjamin and Ruth (Ames) Kimball. His edu-
cation, so far as schools were concerned, was obtained in the public schools of Boscawen, and
one year in the old Concord Academy; but in the great school of practical experience he was a
life-long student and took many degrees both "honorary" and "in course." He also re-
ceived the honorary degree of A. M., from Dartmouth College in 1882. He commenced the
active work of life at fourteen years of age, when he worked six months, at $6 per month,
for Col. Henry Gerrish, on what is now the Merrimack County Farm. At seventeen he was
apprenticed to learn the trade of a millwright, giving four years to its mastery, and subsequently
pursued that business in various Merrimack Valley cities and towns. In 1848 he took charge
of the newly constructed Concord railroad shops, and in 1850 was made master mechanic
of the road, serving till 1858. In 1856 and 1857 he was a member of the Concord city council
and its president in the latter year. In 1858 and 1859 he represented Ward Five, Concord, in
the state legislature. From 1859 to 1862 he was city marshal and tax collector. From 1862
to 1869 he was collector of internal revenue for the Second New Hampshire District. His
four years of service as mayor of Concord were characterized by marked improvement in the
material affairs of the city, and in subsequent years he was chairman of important building
committees, both for the city and state, his most conspicuous service in this regard being as
chairman of the committee which had in charge the construction of the new state prison.
He represented the Concord district in the state senate in the legislature of 1881-82, and was
president of that body. For twenty-five years Mr. Kimball was treasurer of the Republican
State Committee, and was always an earnest supporter of the party cause, as he was of the
Congregational Church, being one of the strong "pillars" sustaining the Concord South
Church in all lines of its work. He was many years president of the Odd Fellows Home and
the New Hampshire Centennial Home for the Aged, and treasurer of the New Hampshire
Bible Society and the New Hampshire Orphans' Home, which latter institution was an object
of liberal benefaction at his hands. He was also one of three donors of a fine public library to
the town of Boscawen wherein his early life was spent. He married, May 27, 1846, Maria
Phillips of Rupert, Vt., who died December 22, 1894, leaving one daughter, Clara Maria, wife
of Augustine R. Avers. October 15, 1895, he married, Miss Charlotte Atkinson of Nashua,
from a leading Boscawen family, by whom he is survived. "Honest John" Kimball, as he was
familiarly called, was indeed, a public benefactor, and a representative of the best type of
sturdy manhood and patriotic citizenship.

HON. LYMAN D. STEVENS
Mayor of Concord, 1868-1869

Concord's 150th Anniversary

143

charters and grants, were not immediately
felt by the rival patentees, and the seven-
teenth century was far advanced before this
condition began to excite comment and inves-
tigation. As long as those mischief-making
boundaries criss-crossed a dense wilderness
extending beyond the limits of Christendom,
nothing was done. The little towns on the
coast with the fringe of settlements a few
leagues inland were all there was to New Eng-
land. Strawberry Bank, Dover, Hampton
and Exeter were New Hampshire towns and
were not entirely in accord with their neigh-
bors of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

As the population increased, men turned
their thoughts toward home making in the
mysterious and practically unknown region
lying to the northward, and they began to
petition the general court for grants of town-
ships. Those petitions compelled the author-
ities to examine the royal charters and to
determine, if possible, the extent of their
boundary lines. Accordingly, in 1652, Massa-
chusetts undertook to establish her dominion

a party to locate the point expressed in the
charter as "three miles north of the Merri-
mack River. " And right here I must ask you
to bear in mind the seventeenth century rela-
tions between Massachusetts and New Hamp-
shire for they, in part, explain and account
for that hurtful practice of giving away town-
ships with so liberal a hand. Owing to perils,
disputes and dissentions, those two political
units forgot for a while the enmities engen-
dered by inconsistent royal charters and drew
together for political purposes. Be the reasons
what they may, our four little New Hampshire
towns, independent of one another, were
annexed to the larger colony in 1642, then
restored, and later in the century they were
again placed under Massachusetts jurisdic-
tion. The early history of New Hampshire,
interesting as it is to the historian, is too
involved and confused to be "treated ade-
quately on this occasion. Frank B. Sanborn,
in his history of our state, summarizes the
existing conditions of affairs in these words:
"The situation of New Hampshire for more

over what is now New Hampshire by sending than eighty years after its permanent settle-

Hon. Lyman Dewey Stevens, born in Piermont, September 20, 1821, died in Concord
March 27, 1910. He received his preparatory education at Haverhill Academy and grad-
uated from Dartmouth College in the class of 1843, among his classmates being the late Hon.
Harry Bingham of Littleton. Following graduation he was for a time principal of the academy
at Stanstead, Canada, and later assistant to Prof. Jonathan Tenney, in charge of Pembroke
Academy. He commenced the study of law in the office of E. C. Johnson at Derby, Vt.,
completed the same with the late Hon. Ira Perley of Concord, later chief justice of the su-
preme court, and was admitted to the bar in October, 1847, commencing practice in Concord,
and continuing through life. Aside from his legal practice which became extensive and prof-
itable, Mr. Stevens became prominent in public political and business affairs. He was city
solicitor in 1855-56, served in the general court in 1860 and 1861, and again in 1866 and 1867,
being mayor of Concord the latter two years; was a Republican presidential elector in 1872,
and a state senator in 1885. He represented New Hampshire at the dedication of the National
Cemetery at Gettysburg, and was near President Lincoln during the delivery of his immortal
address on that occasion. He also served as a commissioner to adjust the suspended war
claims of New Hampshire against the United States. He was a director of the National
State Capital Bank from 1865, and president of the Merrimack County Savings Bank from its
incorporation. He was president of the Board of Trustees of the New Hampshire College
at Durham, and for some time the acting president of the college. He was long vice-president
and treasurer of the New Hampshire Home Missionary Society; had been a trustee of Kimball
Union Academy, and of Boscawen Academy, and a member of the Concord Board of Education.
Mr. Stevens was twice married, first to Miss Achsah French, daughter of Capt. Theodore
French of Concord, who died in July, 1863, and later to Miss Frances C. Brownell, of Ash-
cutnet, Mass., who survives him. Four children also survive — Miss Margaret; Henry W.
Stevens, a well-known Concord lawyer; William L. Stevens, now also a lawyer, and Fannie
B., wife of Henry L. Clark of Suncook. The Concord Monitor, of March 27, 1910, in an edi-
torial from the pen of Hon. George H. Moses, speaking of the departure of Mr. Stevens, said:
"A long life, filled with good deeds, crowned with honors and affection, and sweetened in all
its relations by a kindly humor, has closed with the death of Hon. Lyman Dewey Stevens, and
a venerable and venerated figure is removed from Concord's daily sight and intercourse.

. . . Mr. Stevens touched the life and activities of the community most helpfully and
at many points, and sustained these relations, even under the weight of his years to so recent
a day that his death, despite the span of life which it brings to an end, is as of one removed
untimely from a career of great usefulness; and the loss of his counsel and assistance will be
keenly felt in many places where it was valued and depended upon."

HON. JOSEPH B. WALKER
President, New Hampshire Board of Agriculture, 1896-1906

Concord's 150th Anniversary

145

ment in 1623 was anomalous far beyond the
irregularity of most of the colonies. This
was a result of frequent changes in the govern-
ment, by the intrusion of Massachusetts into
the affairs of New Hampshire, begun and con-
tinued through the English Revolution of
1640-60; and, afterwards, by the effort of
the Stuart kings to overthrow the Massa-
chusetts charter and place all New England
under one government as crown colonies.
After these long-pursued and partially suc-
cessful efforts had failed, by the English
Revolution of 1688-89, the interference, both
of Massachusetts and of royal favorites in
England, was prolonged until 1741, when New
Hampshire finally became an independent
province, with its own established bounds,
governors, and legislatures."

During many years prior to the appoint-
ment of Benning Wentworth as governor, in
1741, New Hampshire had had a succession
of lieutenant-governors with councils and
assemblies, whose doings form an interesting
series of official squabbles and jealousies
reflecting in miniature the example set at the
Palace of Saint James.

Both the general court at Boston and the

assembly at Portsmouth, with the active par-
ticipation of the respective governors and
lieutenant-governors, had carried the practice
of granting town charters in- each other's
territory to the danger point, menacing domes-
tic peace. New Hampshire had, undoubtedly,
a grievance against Massachusetts of a real
and substantial nature, and she naturally
resented the intrusion and arbitrary bound-
ary limits set by the more powerful colony,
but what was the remedy? A settlement of
the southern boundary of our province became
a critical question which only the king and
council over the sea could finally determine,
and the presentation and management of our
claim before that august body make an inter-
esting chapter.

At last the king in council decided, in 1740,
that the boundary should run west three
miles from the mouth of the Merrimack and
not northwest to a point near the Endicott
rock marked by the Massachusetts Commis-
sion in 1652. Thus, we see how the vital
question of boundary had vexed and angered
our people for almost a hundred years, and
we shall soon see that many more years were
to pass and that another English king and

Hon. Joseph B. Walker, great grandson of the Rev. Timothy Walker, Concord's first
settled minister, and inheritor of the fine farm assigned the latter, in the original allotment,
since long known as one of the best in the state, ranked among Concord's "first citizens" for
half a century. Born June 12, 1822, educated at Phillips Exeter Academy and Yale College,
graduating from the latter in 1844; w T as admitted to the New Hampshire bar in 1847, but soon
retiring from practice and taking up the active management of his ancestral acres, along with
various lines of public service. He departed this life after a long career of usefulness, January
8, 1913. Perhaps no man in the state took a deeper interest in its agricultural progress, than
did Mr. Walker, or devoted more time to the study of the important problems relating thereto.
For more than forty years he was actively associated in the work of the State Board of Agri-
culture, having been a frequent speaker at its institutes from the first, and serving as a member
and president many years, after the death of the late Hon. Moses Humphrey. Serving in the
New Hampshire legislature in 1866 and 1867, he was actively concerned in the legislation
establishing and putting in operation the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and Mechanic
Arts, and his interest in and labors for the welfare of the institution of whose first board of
trustees he was a member, never waned. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention
of 1889, and of the state senate in 1883-84. He was long a member of the Concord school
board, serving from its organization for thirteen years, a trustee of the New Hampshire Hospital
and secretary of the board, from 1847 till 1S97. He also served several years on the State
Forestry Commission; was active in the movement for securing a permanent water supply for
the city of Concord and was chairman of its first board of water commissioners, and was also
an original member and president of its Park Commission. He was interested in railroad and
banking affairs, and was for several years, previous to 1874, president of the New Hampshire
Savings Bank. In religion he followed the faith of his fathers, and was an exemplary member
and liberal supporter of the church over which his great-grandfather so long presided. He was
a great reader and student, and a most interesting writer along various lines, particularly local
and church history. He was long an active member of the New Hampshire Historical Society
and had been its librarian, recording secretary, and president; and was also a member and had
been president of the New England Historic-Genealogical Society. He married, May 1, 1850,
Elizabeth Lord Upham, daughter of the late Judge Nathaniel G. Upham of Concord, who sur-
vived her husband, but died a few months since. Their five children are: Charles R. Walker,
M. D., of Concrod; Susan Burbeen, now Mrs. Charles M. Gilbert of Savannah, Ga.; Nathaniel
Upham, a Boston lawyer; Eliza Lord, and Joseph T., of Concord.

Concord's 150th Anniversary

147

council were to be invoked before the claims
of one little wilderness township were finalty
agreed to and confirmed. We now approach
the beginnings of our own local history whose
annals and events, simple and severe, yet
singularly intermingled with decrees of kings
and 'judgments of courts, carry us onward
decade after decade until we reach that
auspicious day whose anniversary we are
commemorating.

My purpose on this occasion is to explain
why it was that our first name, Penacook, was
changed to Rumford and finally to Concord
which was given in 1765, as an appellation
peculiarly appropriate and significant in
meaning. Search New England history as
one may, I doubt whether one can anywhere
find a narrative similar to ours. Our history
from 1725, when Massachusetts granted the
charter of Penacook, to 1765, when the pro-
vincial assembly of New Hampshire incor-
porated Concord, was a heart-breaking
succession of hardships, privations, savage
depredations and butcheries, war levies, taxes
and costly law suits over land titles. That
benign and solacing hope of existence, which

had allured them into the wilderness and
which they courageously toiled to secure,
eluded the little community with cruel per-
sistence. A frontier town, an island of in-
dustry amidst desolate surroundings with a
public foe in front of them and private malice
behind them, the case was grievous indeed
and words fail to portray the sufferings.
Imagination renders us no service when we of
this generation try to meditate on the mental
and material tribulations of those farmer
pioneers. The story of those years, so sad in
part, is a chapter in the history of Concord
we could never afford to lose and we should be
false to their memory not to preserve it for
all time so that those who succeed us will
understand and appreciate how from the
chosen grain sprung an abundant harvest.
My purpose, I repeat, is not to retell the story
of Concord but rather to recite the succession
of events that made so felicitous the choosing
of that name as expressive of the culmination
of the long era of peril and distress.

That venerable fable from the early English
times "that Tenterden steeple was the cause
of the Goodwin sands" is worth an applica-

Nathaniel White is a name long a household word in Concord — a name suggestive of
kindly deeds, unlimited benevolence, and rare public spirit, free from all ostentation or display.
He who bore it made his way from humble beginning to success and affluence by honest in-
dustry and faithful attention to business, wronging no man, and treating all as brethren, regard-
less of rank or station, age, class, color or condition. Nathaniel White was born in Lancaster
N. H., Febiuary 7, 1811, the eldest child of Samuel and Sarah (Freeman) White. He was of the
eighth generation from William White of Norfolk County, England, who settled in Newbury,
Mass., in 1635. His educational advantages were limited and at fourteen years of age he entered
a store in Lunenburgh, Vt., where he remained a year, going then into the employ of Gen. John
Wilson of Lancaster, who was about taking charge of the Columbian Hotel in Concord, with
whom he came to this city, and in whose service he remained till twenty-one years of age. He
then made his first independent business venture, purchasing a naif interest in the stage route
between Concord and Hanover, incurring a debt in so doing from which he cleared himself in
one year, and thereafter was under financial obligation to no man. Soon after he bought an
interest in the route between Concord and Lowell, and in 1838, in company with Capt. William
Walker, initiated the express business between Concord and Boston, giving personal attention
to the business, which, in 1842, upon the opening of the Concord Railroad, became the nucleus
of the United States and Canada Express Company, then organized (now the American Express
Company), in which he was a leading partner, and with which he was actively connected through
life, though giving no little attention to other matters, and by way of diversion, operating the
splendid farm in the southwestern part of the city, now long known as the White Farm. He be-
came interested in various railways, banks, hotels and real estate and other lines of investment,
but best of all, his charitable and benevolent work kept full pace with business success. He was
orginally a Whig in politics, but soon became an Abolitionist, and was a co-worker with Garrison,
Phillips, Parker Pillsbury and other opponents of slavery. He was also an early advocate of
the Woman Suffrage cause, and was instrumental, with his wife, in calling the first state conven-
tion in its interest. He was a member of the state legislature in 1852 ; was the Prohibition candi-
date for governor in 1875; a delegate in the Republican National Convention which nominated
Rutherford B. Hayes, at Cincinnati in 1876, and headed the Republican electoral ticket in 1880.
He was a munificent benefactor of the White Memorial Universalist Church in Concord, of
the Centennial Home for the aged, the Orphans Home in Franklin, and many similar institu-
tions. November 1, 1836, he married Armenia P. Aldrich, by whom he had seven children —
two only now surviving, with their venerable mother. He died, universally mourned, October 2,
1880.

■Ki;

SAMUEL S. KIMBALL
President, New Hampshire Savings Bank, 1874-1894

Concord's 150th Anniversary

149

tion, for we may truly say that the Bow con-
troversy was the cause for the name of Con-
cord. In these days we are hardly able to
understand what it all meant, or why its inci-
dents should have disturbed this community
for so long a time.

Furthermore, we of this day are at a loss to
explain why so prolonged and passionate a
contest could have arisen with the founders
of the adjacent town of Bow.

The mists of generations have settled over
the scene, obscuring our vision and render-
ing faint and indistinct the actors and the
parts they performed in that momentous
period of our history. All seems unreal and
remote, resembling some classic legend, yet
to the men of Rumford it was a contest for
peace and possession- — even life. As we view
the situation revealed in ancient documents,
we cannot but admire and hold precious the
memory of those men who, amidst the re-
peated horrors of Indian warfare, never
flinched nor compromised when another kind
of attack was launched against the very titles
of their homesteads. Synchronizing with
intermittent French and Indian wars and
massacres was mingled law suit after law suit,
which finally, involving colony and province,

and kings and their councils, continued in one
form or another down to a period easily within
the recollection of men not yet of middle age.

It does, I admit, impress us as strange that
a difference springing from two eighteenth
century wilderness hamlets could assume such
importance as to invoke the judgments of
monarchs, but we must remember that, under-
lying the more formal proceedings, were the
questions of the impairing of contracts and
the right of taxation. True it is that these
questions were not raised by the yeomen of
Rumford then and there, but the very spirit
of the Revolution was present at every turn.
During twenty years prior to 1740 when
George the Second fixed the southern bound-
ary of the province, a brisk and costly rivalry
marked the relations of Massachusetts toward
New Hampshire, particularly shown by the
granting of charters to land well within dis-
puted territory. And among the charters was
that of the Plantation of Pennycook which
the Massac rrusetts general court granted Jan-
uary 17, 1725.

And from that act sprung many woes.

But Penacook with its fertile intervales,
watered by the Merrimack, with its hill&
richly wooded, had caught the imagination

Samuel S. Kimball, a native of Concord born March 1, 1829, and a prominent and influ-
ential citizen for more than thirty years preceding his death, May 12, 1899, was the son of
Samuel Ayer and Eliza (Hazen) Kimball, born in the old house built by his grandfather, Dea.
J. M. Kimball, a "pillar" of the old First Church in his time, wherein Gov. John Langdon was
a frequent guest in the early days of the state government, and which stood on the site where
stands the elegant and substantial residence now occupied by his son, Dr. George M. Kimball.
He was educated in the Concord public schools, except for a short period spent at the noted
old school, at Bradford, Mass., of Benjamin Greenleaf of arithmetic fame. In 1844, at the age
of nineteen years, he started out to make his way in the world, and went to the then far South-
west, locating at Van Buren, Ark., and engaging as a clerk in a general store, where he remained
eight years, until, in 1852, he married Hannah Mason, a Massachusetts girl, a relative of one
of his employers, and removed to Dardanelle in the same state, and engaged in trade
himself, continuing with success until the outbreak of the Civil War. Although business was
largely demoralized by the conflict, he remained until 1864 when he came North and finally
returned to Concord in 1868, continuing until his death. In 1874 he succeeded the late Joseph
B. Walker as president of the New Hampshire Savings Bank, and to that institution, for a long
series of years, he gave the benefit of his valuable experience and sound practical judgment,
placing and keeping it on the highway to the prosperity and prominent position which it has
attained and holds among the most substantial financial institutions of its class in the country;
but not neglecting his own business interests through investments in various lines. He was for
many years a director of the Concord & Montreal Railroad, and was one of the organizers and
president of the Boscawen Mills at Penacook. He was for some years treasurer of the New
Hampshire Historical Society, and also of the Rolfe and Rumford Asylum, and served the City
as a member of the board of water commissioners and in other capacities. He attended the
North Congregational Church, in whose affairs his ancestors were prominent, gave it substantial
support, and was treasurer of the committee which erected its present fine house of worship.
Securing the old home site he erected thereon, in 1882, the residence, long known as the most
substantial in the city, wherein his son and only child, Dr. George M. Kimball, now has his
home. His wife's death preceded his by nearly ten years, occurring in April, 1889. Mr.
Kimball was a splendid specimen of self-made manhood and earnest faithful citizenship, es-
teemed and honored by all with whom he came in contact.

HON. WILLIAM E. CHANDLER
Secretary of U. S. Navy, 1882 to 1885, and U. S. Senator, 1887 to 1901

Concord's 150th Anniversary

151

of hunters and Indian fighters long before,
for as early as 1659 Richard Waldron had re-
ceived a grant of the promising acres from tbe
Boston law makers. Further grants were
subjects of petition, but serious occupation
hadjnot been undertaken until the grant or
charter of 1725.

From that date began the Concord of the
future.

The grantees, inhabitants principally of
Andover and Haverhill, were English in blood
and tradition, brave and resolute, a splendid
company of home makers. The lands they
sought lay in the keeping of a wilderness of
lurking perils, unexplored and little known
beyond the fact that the nearest habitations
to the North were the settlements in Canada.

The grant whereby these people were to
hold their farms contained conditions utterly
inconsistent with the speculative practice of
land acquisition which was soon to become so
prevalent. The tract must be made into
one hundred and three equal lots; one hundred
families should settle thereon within three
years; each man should build a good dwelling
house and fence in six acres; the houses should
be twentv rods from one another and built in

a regular and defensible manner. Finally, a
convenient house for the public worship of
God should be completely finished within the
time mentioned.

These conditions, hard as they appear to
us, were substantially carried out by those
earnest men and women. Our story today
is to relate the vicissitudes of those earnest
men and women, the savage losses that befell
them, the privations encountered and most
harassing of all that series of suits at law
which, during many discouraging years,
plagued and pursued them.

News even in 1726 traveled apace and the
act of Massachusetts, respecting Penacook,
became a subject of official notice at Ports-
mouth; accordingly Lieutenant-Governor
Wentworth sent this message to the general
assembly: "The Massachusetts are daily en-
croaching on us. A late instance we have in
voting a township should be erected and settled
at Pennycook, which will certainly be in the
very bowels of this Province, and which will
take in the most valuable part of our lands."
The assembly made reply, while tbe council
went further and passed an order appointing
a committee to go to Penacook and "warn

Hon. William Eaton Chandler, Concord's most distinguished living native, was born
December 28, 1835, the son of Nathan S. and Mary Ann Chandler. He was educated in the
Concord public schools, at Thetford, Vt., and Pembroke academies and the Law School of
Harvard University, graduating LL.B. from the latter, with prize honors, in 1854. Admitted
to the New Hampshire bar in 1855, he evinced a deep and abiding interest in both law and
politics, was among the founders of the Republican party in 1856, and was made reporter of
supreme court decisions in 1859. In 1862-63-64, he was a representative in the state legislature
and was speaker of the house in the latter two years, the most exciting period in the legislative
history of the state. In 1864-65 he was chairman of the Republican State Committee, having
previously served as secretary. In 1864 President Lincoln appointed him special counsel to
prosecute the Philadelphia navy yard frauds. March 9, 1865, he became first solicitor and
judge advocate general of the navy department at Washington, and was assistant secretary of
the treasury from 1865 to 1867. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention
that nominated General Grant, in 1868, and was secretary of the Republican National Com-
mittee from that date till 1876, and was conspicuous in the work which secured the presidency
for the Republican party that year. On April 17, 1882, he became secretary of the navy in the
cabinet of President Arthur and served through that administration, being active in develop-
ing plans for what became known as the "New Navy." In June 1887, he was elected to the
United Statks Senate to fill the unexpired term of Austin F. Pike, and was twice reelected,
serving fourteen years in all with conspicuous abihty. For the next six years he was chairman
of the Spanish Treaty Claims Commission. Mr. Chandler was an active member of the New
Hampshire Constitutional conventions of 1876 and 1902; was a member of the commission hav-
ing in charge the erection of a statue of President Franklin Pierce — a movement which he had
long actively championed — and was a leading mover in the work of preserving for posterity the
birthplace of Daniel Webster. In 1866 he received from Dartmouth College the honorary de-
gree of A.M., and in 1901 that of LL.D. While he has long spent his winters in Washington,
where he has a fine residence on I Street, N. W., and his summers at his country home in
Waterloo, he has retained his voting residence in Concord, where are his principal business in-
terests, denoted by his presidency of the Rumford Printing Company and his contributing
editorship of the Monitor and Statesman. For forty years his editorial articles in these papers
have been among the most widely quoted expressions of individual opinion to be found in the
press of the entire country.

HON. JACOB H. GALLINGER
United States Senator, 1891-1921

Concord's 150th Anniversary

153

any persons whom they find there from laying
out, taking possession of, or settling at or
near the place called Penny cook." That
committee was made up of three men, then
and subsequently eminent in the affairs of
New Hampshire, Nathaniel Weare, Theodore
Atkinson and Richard Waldron, Jr., who at
once set out upon their mission.

In the meanwhile another committee, the
creation of the Massachusetts Assembly, at-
tended by a score or more of persons, includ-
ing surveyors, chainmen and intending settlers
started on their journey from Haverhill to
lay out the township. It so happened that
these two rival parties made their way through
the woods and streams almost hi touch with
oach other for, under the date of May 14,
1726, the Massachusetts Commissioners re-
cord in their journal this interesting interview
which we may confidently accept as the first
of that long series of political conferences so
closely interwoven in the texture of Concord,
the capital. The Haverhill company had
reached Penny cook the day before and the
surveyors were busily at work when "about
Twelve of the clock, Messrs. Nath. Weare,

Richard Waldron, Jr., and Theodore Atkinson,
a committee appointed by the Lt. Gov. and
Council of New Hampshire came up to our
camp and acquainted us that the Govt, of New
Hampshire, being informed of our business
here, had sent them to desire us that we would
not proceed in appropriating these lands to
any private or particular persons, for that they
lay in their government ; and our governments
making a grant might be attended with very
ill consequences to the settlers, when it ap-
peared the Lands fell in New Hampshire
Government." "We made them answer that
the Government of Massachusetts Bay had
sent us here to lay the Lands into a Township
and that we should proceed to do the Business
we were come upon, and made no doubt but
our Government would be always ready to
support and justify their own Grants and
that it was not our business to determine any
controversy about the Lands. We sent our
Salutes to the Lt. Gov'r of New Hampshire
and the Gent'n took their leave of us and
went homeward this afternoon." The follow-
ing day, Sunday, May 15, the official journal
contains this entry, "This day Mr. Enoch

Hon Jacob H. Gallinger, senior United States senator from New Hampshire, and the lead-
ing Republican member of the nation's most august legislative body, enjoys the distinction of
longer service therein, than any other New Hampshire man, having entered, now, upon his
fifth successive term. He was born in Cornwall, Ontario, March 28, 1837, of German ancestry
on the paternal side, his great grandfather, Michael Gallinger, having emigrated from Ger-
many in 1754, and settled in New York, later removing to Canada, while his mother, Catherine
Cook, was of American stock. He was one of twelve children, received a common school and
academic education; learned the printer's trade in early life, later studied medicine, was gradu-
ated M.D., in 1858, practised for a time in Keene, removed to Concord in 1862, and has
since resided here. He soon won success in his profession, but, espousing the principles of the
Republican party, and becoming deeply interested in public affairs, he entered actively into
political life. He served in the New Hampshire house of representatives in 1872 and 1873, and
again in 1891, was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1876, and of thestate senate
in 1878-79-80, being president the last two years. He was surgeon-general, with the rank
of brigadier-general on the staff of Governor Head in 1879-80. He was a member of the house
from the Second New Hampshire District in the forty-ninth and fiftieth congress, and was
elected to succeed Henry W. Blair in the United States senate from the 4th of March 1891,
serving continually since, and being particularly conspicious as a champion of the protective tariff
principle. His committee assignments have been important, but in none has he rendered more
valuable service than as chairman of the Committee on the District of Columbia wherein he
promoted many important improvements. Senator Gallinger is a member of the board of
trustees of the Columbia Hospital for Women, and of the board of Visitors to the Providence
Hospital. He received the honorary degree of A.M., from Dartmouth College in 1885. He
served as president pro tern of the senate in the sixty-second congress. He was chairmau of
the Merchant Marine Commission of 1904-05, is a member of the National Forest Reservation
Commission and vice-chairman of the Water Ways Commission. He served eighteen years as
chairman of the Republican State Committee, was for a time a member of the Republican
National Committee and was chairman of the delegations from his state in the Republican
National Conventions of 1888, 1900, 1904 and 1908. August 23, 1860, Doctor Gallinger
married Anna, daughter of Maj. Isaac Bailey of Salisbury, who died in Washington, February
2, 1907. They had six children, of whom only one, Mrs. H. A. Norton of Cambridge, Mass.,
survives, the last to pass away being Dr. Ralph H. Gallinger, a successful practitioner in his
native city, and physician at the New Hampshire State Prison. At the old home in Salisbury,
where his wife was reared, the senator has an attractive and restful summer residence.

HON. HENRY F. HOLLIS
United States Senator, 1913-1919

Concord's 150th Anniversary

155

Coffin, our chaplain, performed divine serv-
ice both parts of the day."

Returning to Portsmouth, the New Hamp-
shire commission made this report: "We have
been at said Pennecook, where we found his
Hon. Col. William Tailer, Esq., Jno. Wain-
wright, Esq., and Col. Elea'r Tyng, Esq., with
sundry others to the number of near forty
men, who were felling the trees and laying
out the lands there: whereupon we presented
them with the order of Court and assured
them that their proceedings were highly dis-
pleasing to the Government which sent us
thither, and that their persisting therein
would be at their peril; for that they might
depend upon it when the controversial boun-
dary between the two Provinces should be
determined, the poor misled people who
might be induced to settle there under the
color of a Mass. Grant would be dispossessed
of the said lands, or suffer some other incon-
venience equally grievous, and that the mes-
sage on which we were sent, and the fair fore-
warning they had by us, would take away
all occasions of complaint when they should

be compelled to leave the said lands and lose
the benefit of their improvement."

These official documents introduce us to
the opening act in that wilderness drama
which was to continue with few intermissions
almost to the close of our provincial era.

Met with a warning like that at the very
outset of their undertaking may have given
pause for awhile but not for long; the fibre
of those sturdy men was too strong to bend
and snap under the pressure of threats; they
had come there resolute in purpose and they
set about their task.

Two years later, 1728, their progress is
thus chronicled: "The Spring opened upon
the new plantation with most favorable
auspices. A large number were engaged in
building houses; clearing, fencing and plough-
ing their lands. The block, or meeting-
house, was finished; canoes constructed for
navigating the river; the new way to Haverhill
was improved; a committee chosen to agree
with a minister to preach at Pennycook; a
saw mill and a grist mill were started and a
ferry place marked out." At a meeting held

Hon. Henry French Hollis, United States senator from New Hampshire, and the only
Democrat chosen to that office from this state since 1852, is a Concord native, son of Maj.
Abijah and Harriette Van Mater (French) Hollis, born August 30, 1869, being a descendant,
on both sides, of early Massachusetts families. He graduated from the Concord High School
in the class of 1886, engaged in railroad engineering work in the West for a year and a half,
completed his college preparatory work at Concord, Mass., entered Harvard in 1888, gradu-
ating in 1823 with the highest honors, while during the last two years of his course pursuing
the studies and completing the examinations of two years in the law school, so that, after a
few months' further study in the offices of William L. Foster and Harry G. Sargent, he was
admitted, in March, 1893, to the New Hampshire bar, and immediately commenced practice
in partnership with Mr. Sargent and Edward C. Niles. Later, he was for six years associated
with Attorney-General Edwin G. Eastman, and afterwards with Judge James W. Remick,
Alexander Murchie, Robert Jackson and Robert C. Murchie. This partnership was dissolved
a few years ago and the senator's partners have since been the Murchie brothers, respectively
city and county solicitors, the firm being a strong and successful one. Always an earnest
Democrat, he entered into active political life in 1900, when he became the Democratic candi-
date for congress in the second district, making a sharp campaign in a hopelessly Republican
district. Two years later he was his party's candidate for governor, and his stumping canvass
was one of the most brilliant ever conducted in the state, resulting in a big reduction in the
Republican majority, and, two years later, in an increased vote. Although achieving marked
professional success in the subsequent years, his inclination toward political life continued
strong, and early in 1912 he announced his candidacy for the United States senator, following
this up with a stumping campaign in the autumn, which surpassed any of his previous efforts
in that direction, greatly strengthened the party lines and insured him a hold on the Democratic
members chosen to the legislature which nothing could break and which resulted in his election,
on the forty-sixth ballot, ending the most strenuous contest for such position in the state
within the memory of living men. Entering the senate immediately following his election,
when the majority for his party in that body was slender, he was most cordially welcomed by
his associates of the Democratic faith and at once gained a standing in their ranks and in the
senate at large, such as had never before been accorded a newly chosen senator. He was
assigned to membership in several important committees, including Banking and Currency,
Immigration, District of Columljia Woman Suffrage, Enrolled Bills (chairman), and several
others, and in committee work, as well as debate upon the floor, he has made a record seldom,
if ever, equaled by any young senator. He is a staunch supporter, ardent admirer, and warm
friend of President Wilson and his administration.

HON. WILLIAM M. CHASE

Associate Justice, New Hampshire Supreme Court, 1891-1907

Concord's loOth Anniversary 157

in October, 1730, it was voted that the Rev. The decision of King George the Second

Mr. Timothy Walker shall be the minister of promulgated in 1740 defined the southern

the town, and in the following month he was boundary as running from east to west, three

ordained in the little log meeting-house. miles from the mouth of the Merrimack,

If inspiration had guided those men, they thereby adding twenty or more towns to New

could not have done better; their choice Hampshire, all of which had been granted by

proved to be one of those mysterious acts Massachusetts regardless of her right of

which Providence now and then is pleased to possession. And the most important and

dispense and approve. promising among those towns was Rumford,

They had unknowingly called to their whose inhabitants to a man were Massachu-

council-fire a rare and lovable character, a setts born. Family ties were strong between

true leader of men. A native of Woburn and them and those they had left in the old home,

a graduate of Harvard, Mr. Walker was in while with the governing powers of Ports-

his twenty-fifth year when he began his long mouth they had little in common,

and useful labors which were to mean so much Moreover, they remembered the warnings

to the people. His coming was a reinforce- and threats officially spoken on the day they

ment of sterling worth to the town and to the arrived at Pennycook to begin their home

later state. making. The royal decision naturally caused

Soon after this event the growth and pros- alarm and disquietude, consequently they

perity of the settlement caused Massachusetts voted in town meeting begging the general

to incorporate the Plantation of Pennycook court of Massachusetts Bay to use its in-

into the Township of Rumford in the County fluence with His Majesty in their behalf,

of Essex, and Rumford it continued to be Considering the boundary dissentions and

until 1765. rival land claims and the king's final decree,

Hon. William M. Chase, former associate justice of the supreme court of New Hampshire,
long a leading member of the bar, and a prominent and public-spirited citizen, was born in
Canaan, December 28, 1837, the son of Horace and Abigail S. (Martin) Chase. He is a de-
scendant of Aquilla Chase, who came, with his brother, Thomas, from Cornwall, England, to
Hampton, N. H., about 1639. His father, Horace, a native of Chester, who had removed to
Dorchester, settled on a farm near Canaan "Street," at the time of his marriage with Abigail
S. Martin, a daughter of William S. Martin of Pembroke, descendant of one of the early
Scotch-Irish settlers of Londonderry, and subsequently moved to the "Street" where William
M. attended the village school, and Canaan Academy, at which he fitted for college, except
for one term at Kimball Union Academy. He entered the scientific department at Dartmouth
College a year in advance, in 1856, graduating in 1858. He had taught school, winters, while
pursuing his studies, and after graduation, became assistant preceptor in Henniker Academy,
where he remained two years, and then commenced the study of law with the late Hon. Anson
S. Marshall of Concord, and was admitted to the bar, here, August 21, 1862. In the following
year he formed a partnership with Mr. Marshall, which was continued successfully and upon
the most intimate terms until the untimely death of the latter from accidental shooting, July
4, 1874. Meanwhile he had declined the professorship of mathematics in the scientific depart-
ment at Dartmouth, prefering continuance in the profession to which he was devoted and in
which he was winning success. Subsequently he was for five years a partner with the late
Chief Justice Jonathan E. Sargent, and, later, for more than ten years, Frank S. Streeter was
associated with him in practice. The several firms of Marshall & Chase, Sargent & Chase,
and Chase & Streeter, ranked among the leading firms of central New Hampshire, and their
practice was extensive. April 1, 1891, Mr. Chase became an associate justice of the supreme
court of New Hampshire, continuing ten years, till the establishment of the present dual
system, when he was again appointed to the higher court bench, serving with distinction till
his retirement through age limitation, December 28, 1907. A learned and able lawyer, a just
and upright judge, his contribution to the jurisprudence of the state has been most honorable
and substantial; nor have his activities been confined to the legal field. He served for twenty
years as a member of the Concord Board of Education, was three years a trustee of the State
Normal School, and has been a trustee of Dartmouth College since 1890, from which institu-
tion he received the honorary degree of A.M., in 1879, and that of L.L.D., in 1898. He has
been a trustee of the Merrimack County Savings Bank and a director of the First National
Bank, of which he was pi'esident in 1885-86. He was chairman of the commission of 1889 to
revise and codify the laws of the state, was for many years a member of the bar examining com-
mittee, and has held and adorned various other positions. March 18, 1863, he married Miss
Ellen Sherwood Abbott. They have one son, Arthur Horace, librarian of the New Hampshire
State Library, a graduate of Dartmouth of the class of 1886.

HON. JOHN M. MITCHELL
Assocciate Justice, Superior Court, 1910-1913

Concord's 150th Anniversary 159

this procedure may have been wanting in broke over the land and continued during

tact and foresight, but they knew what they many years. I would that I might relate to

wanted and boldly said so. They found them- you the sufferings and sacrifices visited on the

selves excluded from Massachusetts, to which little township; to tell of the brave deeds done

they had always supposed themselves to by the inhabitants; to portray at length the

belong, and they prayed that King George, part performed by the levies of Rumford at

taking compassion on their distress, would the taking of Louisburg; at Ticonderoga,

graciously annex them to the sovereignty Crown Point and on the Plains of Abraham,

they loved and respected. exploits and deeds which are now a part of

No wonder that Gov. Benning Went worth our country's history,
and his council took umbrage at the conduct And through all that dark and perilous

of the dwellers on the Merrimack. time poor Rumford, giving her sons to the

Rumford was too loyal to the sister colony common cause, was punished as an outcast

to satisfy the Portsmouth government; accord- by the vindictive oligarchy at Portsmouth,

ingly a drastic act was passed which in effect Her people, notwithstanding their affection

abolished the town incorporation of a few for Massachusetts, cheerfully accepted the

years before by creating the District of Rum- new government and its laws and petitioned

ford. This act of 1742 subjected Rumford for a New Hampshire charter,
to taxation without representation; taxes Those petitions met with no response;

were raised to support the Provincial Govern- redress was withheld and Rumford left, in a

ment, but the town sent no member to the measure to itself, managed affairs prudently,

assembly. That so fundamental a question grew strong and influential, yet from 1749 to

failed to agitate the people and their rulers 1765, it was neither town nor district recog-

during that period must be attributed to the nized by law.
stress of war and Indian hostilities which This singular situation vexatious to Rum-

Hon. John M. Mitchell, associate justice of the superior court of New Hampshire, born in
Plymouth, N. H., July 6, 1849, died in Concord, March 4, 1913. He was the son of John and
Honora (Doherty) Mitchell, who soon after his birth removed to Vermont, finally locating in
the town of Salem, now a part of Derby, where John M. graduated from the town's famous
academy. He taught school several winters, and was superintending school committee in
Salem two years while yet in his minority. Choosing the legal profession for his life work, he
commenced his studies in the office of Edwards & Dickerman at Derby and finished with
Harry and George A. Bingham at Littleton, N. H., where he commenced practice, in partner-
ship with Harry Bingham in 1872, and where he continued until his removal to Concord in
1881, establishing a high reputation as a lawyer, and commanding the close confidence of his
distinguished associate with whom he continued partnership relations after his removal to the
Capital City. While in Littleton he had served on the school board, as chairman of the
board of selectmen, and as solicitor of Grafton County. While gaining the highest rank at the
bar, Judge Mitchell was ever a public spirited and patriotic citizen, taking a deep interest in
the welfare of the community and state, and meeting in the fullest sense all the obligations of
life. He was for nine years a member of the Concord Board of Education, and for some time
its president; represented Ward Four, in the legislature in 1893, and as a delegate in the Con-
stitutional Conventions of 1902 and 1912, and was a member of the state board of railroad
commissioners from 1888 to 1891. He was long a trustee of the New Hampshire State Hospital
and of the Margaret Pillsbury Hospital, and the first president of the State Board of Charities
and corrections, which he was instrumental in organizing; was a trustee and president of the
Loan & Trust Savings Bank and a director of the National State Capital Bank. He had been
for many years counsel of the Concord Railroad, and, later, of the Boston & Maine, and was
the legal adviser of the Catholic bishop of Manchester, from the creation of the diocese, as he
had previously been of the bishop of Portland. He received the honorary degree of A.M. from
Dartmouth College in 1886. Politically he was a Democrat, firm in his convictions, loyal to
his party, conservative in his views, wise and sagacious in counsel. He served long on the
.state committee, was president of the state convention in 1888, Democratic nominee for United
States senator in 1903, and a delegate to the National Convention in 1904. His appointment
to the superior court bench by Governor Quimby, September 7, 1910, commanded the universal
approval of bar and public, as one eminently fit to be made, and his judicial service up to the
time of his death characterized him as one of the most efficient trial judges that the state has
known. Judge Mitchell was united in marriage, November 17, 1874, with Julia C. Lonergan
of St. Johnsbury, Vt., who died December 28, 1912. Two daughters, Agnes and Marion,
survive, one daughter dying in infancy, and a son, Leo, at the age of three years.

HON. NATHANIEL E. MARTIN
Mayor of Concord, 1899, 1900

Concord's 150th Anniversary

161

ford was infinitely worse for New Hampshire
but we must not forget that New Hampshire,
during the half century prior to the Revolu-
tion, was comprised of policitians dwelling in
and about Portsmouth, all friends or relatives
of the governor.

Relationship and common interests welded
them into an organized and powerful com-
pany unusual at that period. The governor
and council dispensed royal favors in minia-
ture, appointed judges, issued writs for the
assembly and were, in fact, the source of law
and the fountain head of justice. To that
assemblage the voters of Rumford in 1750
made petition, praying to be incorporated
into a township with their former boundaries
and with such rights and privileges as any of
the towns in the province possessed, and
setting forth in detail the ill consequences
arising out of a continued deprivation of
liberties common to Englishmen. This was
the kind of petition the governor and council
were hoping to see and possibly expected; at
any rate, it proved to be the opportunity
impatiently desired by the party strong at
court and the long drawn out Bow Contro-
versy entered upon its opening scene.

The Rumford petition was stopped on the
threshold by a spirited remonstrance signed
by the selectmen of Bow, alleging that the
bounds therein described conflicted with
bounds of Bow.

The Bow charter, granted by New Hamp-
shire in 1727 as a protest against Massachu-
setts for her Pennycook grant, was a curious
document framed for a definite purpose.

The two charters were as unlike as possible.
We are familiar with the Pennycook charter
and the conditions imposed upon the settlers
and we have seen them begin their wilderness
labors and have noted the prosperous and well
ordered town they founded. Let us look for
a moment at the Bow charter. I have spoken
of the influential men gathered round the
seat of government, warmed by official
favors and eager for gain. We behold them
in this charter as grantees or as "Admitted
Associates," whatever that designation may
mean, and the enumeration of their names is
to furnish a roster of the office-holders of the
period. John Wentworth was lieutenant-
governor, therefore his son, Benning, after-
wards governor, headed the distinguished
array comprising the oligarchy of riders and

Hon. Nathaniel E. Martin, son of Theophilus and Sarah L. (Rowell) Martin, was born in
Loudon, August 9, 1855. His father was a substantial farmer and leading citizen, promi-
nent in town and county affairs and a grandson of James. Martin, a Revolutionary soldier of
Pembroke. Nathaniel E. labored on the old homestead (which he now owns) in youth, and thus
established the basis of the vigorous physical manhood by which he has always been character-
ized, no less than by the acuteness of his mental powers. Seeking a better education than his
native town afforded, he entered the Concord High School, graduating in 1876, and imme-
diately entered the office of Sargent & Chase as a student at law, was admitted to the bar Aug-
ust 14, 1879, and immediately commenced practice in Concord where he has since continued,
for the last twenty years, being associated with DeWitt C. Howe, the firm having a reputation
for ability and success second to none. Indeed it is safe to say that no lawyer in the county
in the last quarter of a century has won greater success as a jury lawyer than Nathaniel E.
Martin, and the name of his firm appears oftener on the docket than any other. Politically
Mr. Martin is a staunch Democrat, though by no means a politician in the ordinary sense. He
has served as chairman of the Democratic City Committee, as secretary and chairman of
the State Committee, and was a delegate in the National Democratic Convention at St. Louis
in 1904. In November, 1886, he was elected solicitor of Merrimack County, and during his
term of office made the only demonstration, known in the state, of the fact that the prohibitory
law could be effectively enforced. In November, 1898, he was chosen mayor of Concord,
and, during his two years' term gave the city a good business administration, though accom-
plishing less than would have been the case had he not been hampered by an adverse partisan
majority in the councils, more intent upon making party capital than promoting the public
welfare. He was also a prominent member of the constitutional convention of 1912, and at
the last election, as the Democratic candidate, was elected to the state senate from the Concord
district, and was one of the most efficient and influential members of that body at the recent
session. Mr. Martin was one of the incorporators of the Concord Building and Loan Asso-
ciation and treasurer from its incorporation. He has also been extensively engaged in lum-
bering operations in association with others, and owns, aside from the old home farm, many
acres of timber land. He has always been a lover of fine horses and dogs, and of the former
has owned many high-class specimens. He is a member of Concord Lodge, I. O. O. F., and
Canton Wildey, Patriarch, Militant. March 27, 1902, he was united in marriage with Mrs.
Jennie P. (Burnham) Lawrence, who died a few years since.

Concord's 150th Anniversary

163

law makers. Not a home maker nor a pioneer
settler is found in that list of names and the
reason is apparent. The Bow charter was as
bread cast upon the waters of chance and
speculation. It was an official anchor to
hold against the future when the boundary
between Massachusetts and New Hampshire
should be finally established.

The oligarchy was a wise and patient body,
the prototype of the later day "Ring."
Jethro Bass existed long before Coniston.
How effective and dangerous the Bow charter
might become in the hands of designing men
may by seen by tracing its boundaries which,
in fact, enclosed practically the entire tract
already granted to Pennycook.

But Bow attracted no settlers, or very few,
while the Pennycook people went to work
in good faith so that in 1733 there were eighty
families with meeting-house and school and
completed roadways. In the meanwhile
a complacent condition of mind pre vailed in
Portsmouth.

Benning Went worth in 1750 had been
governor ten years and was in the fullness of
his power surrounded by willing associates
and influential friends when the so-called

Bow selectmen appeared to oppose the peti-
tion of Rumford.

The procedure had been carefully planned
by the claimants.

To grant the petition would be to recognize
and affirm the corporate entity of Rumford
and that would be fatal to the scheme of
self enrichment so dear to the governor and
his official family. The Bow claimants never
had actual seizin other than the illusory
averment that they had constructive posses-
sion of which they had been disseized by the
Rumford settlers for a period of twenty-three
years. Audacity and effrontery under the
guise of law were enjoying a field day at the
provincial capital.

To weary you with reciting the many suits
brought against the Rumford farmers is not
my purpose. Litigation never ceased until
King George the Third at the end of thirteen
years interposed his royal decree bringing
relief to the harassed defendants. Suit fol-
lowed suit, appeal followed appeal, costs
begot costs, the result was always the same
for the superior judges agreed with the infe-
rior judges on all disputed questions. The
figure of Justice gracing the court rooms of

Hon. James O. Lyford, chairman of the Committee on Legislative Reunion, to whose
strong and active interest the assured success of that branch of the Anniversary Celebration is
largely due, is a native of Boston, Mass., born June 28, 1853, but removed to Canterbury in this
state in early life, where his childhood and youth were passed. He was educated in the public
schools and at Tilton Seminary, studied law and was admitted to the bar, but entered journalism
and political life, in which he has been active and conspicuous. His work as a newspaper
editor and correspondent has been extensive and varied, but never attracting wider attention
than during his recent service as political editor of the Nashua Telegraph. He was a delegate
from the town of Canterbury in the Constitutional Convention of 1876, but since that time has
been a resident of Concord and has represented Ward Four in the legislatures of 1893, 1895 and
1S97, as well as in that of 1915, and in the Constitutional Conventions of 1902 and 1912. In
the legislature he has always been an industrious and influential member of the Judiciary Com-
mittee and a Republican leader in debate and in parliamentary management, for which he has
marked aptitude. He was chairman of the New Hampshire Board of Bank Commissioners
from 1887 to 1895, and to his efficient service in that capacity he owes his appointment by
Governor Spaukling to a similar position at the head of the present reorganized commission.
His interest in savings bank affairs has been deep and strong and. more than any other man,
has he influenced legislation to promote the advantage of depositors. He was auditor of the
city of Concord from 1896 to 1898, and United States Naval Officer of Customs at the port of
Boston from 1898 till 1913. For the last two years he has been secretary of the Concord
Board of Trade. He has been prominent in the direction of Republican party management for
many years, and was particularly active in the last campaign. He has spoken extensively on
the stump for his party for many years, and has given many lectures and addresses before
various organizations, and as a writer has done superior work aside from that in the news-
paper field, as evidenced by work on the "Concord City History," the "Life and Times of
Edward H. Rollins," and the "History of Canterbury." In social life he is always an attrac-
tion. He holds membership in the Wonolancet Club of Concord, the Algonquin and City
clubs of Boston and the Derryfield Club of Manchester, as also in Capital Grange and the
Concord Board of Trade. He united in marriage May 2, 1882, with Susan Ayer, daughter of
the late William P. Hill, and granddaughter of Governor Isaac Hill, for whose wife she was
named. They have had three children, two daughters and a son, of whom only the son,
Richard, survives. He fitted for college at Tilton Seminary and the celebrated Stone School
in Boston, and is now a member of the freshman class at Harvard.

HENRY HARRISON METCALF
Chairman Genera! Committee and Anniversary Exercises

Concord's 150th Anniversary

165

that era, if any there were, had dropped her
scales and her eyes needed no bandage.

Even the historian of Bow remarks:
"Impartial trials were impossible in New
Hampshire courts, as judges, juries, council-
lors, and all were in the interests of the pro-
prietors of Bow." But the iron courage of the
men who had made the wilderness a place of
contended homes, who had scouted the woods
and fought savages, weakened not a drop of
blood; they took prompt and resolute action.
All unconsciously what they did then was
the prelude to what they did not many years
later when they heard the tidings of Concord
and Lexington.

That their adversary was in fact the Royal
Government; at Portsmouth made no differ-
ence, they understood who the real plaintiffs
were. They realized, also, that the contest
was one of inherent right against official
speculation and sordid self seeking. Firm
of purpose, scorning compromise, they deter-
mined to defend their titles and their firesides;
consequently they assembled as free men in
their meeting-house and unanimously voted
that they would pay the cost of the suit then
pending, and, further, that they would meet
the charges of supporting the just right and

claim of any of the grantees against any per-
son or persons that should trespass upon any
of the said lands or that shall bring a writ
for the recovery of the aforesaid lands. And
they added this wise proviso : that the person
so sued shall pursue and defend his rights
agreeable to the orders of the people of Runt-
ford. Thus they made the whole subject a
matter of public concern . They raised money
by selling the common land and by pledging
their individual credit, yet suit and review
suit and appeal went uniformly against them.

Owing to the limited damages claimed in
each suit an appeal to London was prevented.
That the king and council would ignore pro-
vincial technicalities and rules of court and
open the whole question to argument was
confidently believed, but in what manner
could the matter be sent across the Atlantic?

How might the king be invoked? Happily
some Rumford man, possibly Parson Walker,
suggested that the right of a British subject
to petition the sovereign for redress of griev-
ances was a fundamental principle of the
English Constitution, which had been exer-
cised from very early times, and that it
seemed to meet the obstacle imposed by a
denial of legal appeal. The broad-minded

Henry Harrison Metcalf, chairman of the General Committee, and of the Committee on
Anniversary Exercises, was born in Newport, N. H., April 7, 1841, and reared to farm life; edu-
cated in public and private schools, Mt. Caesar Seminary, Swanzey, and the Law Department
of the University of Michigan, graduating LL. B., in 1865. He continued the study of law with
Hon. Edmund Burke of Newport, and was admitted to the bar, August, 1866. He entered
journalism the next year and continued therein, editing the White Mountain Republic at Little-
ton three years, the Concord People four years; State Press at Dover five years, Manchester Daily
Union two years, upon its establishment as a morning paper, and People and Patriot eleven
years. He was for twelve years editorial writer for the Portsmouth Times, and five years for
the Cheshire Republican, at Keene, and was long New Hampshire correspondent of the Boston
Post and the New York World, Herald and Times. In 1877 he establihsd the Granite
Monthly, in Dover, and is now its editor and proprietor. Politically he is and always has been
a Democrat. He was secretary of the Democratic State Conmittee in 1869-70; a delegate to
the Democratic National Convention in St. Louis in 1876; several times chairman of the
Concord Democratic City Committee, and president of the State Convention in May, 1900.
He has been his party's candidate for mayor, state senator, secretary of state and member of
congress, and was appointed editor of Early Province and State Papers (State Historian) by
Governor Felker, upon the death of Hon. A. S. Batchellor of Littleton, in 1913. Always a
friend of agriculture, he was a charter member of Capital Grange of Concord, of which he is a
past master and lecturer, a charter member of Merrimack County Pomona Grange and eleven
times its lecturer, and was lecturer of the New Hampshire State Grange from 1897 to 1903.
He is a charter member of Granite State Council, R. A., and is a past regent, past deputy
supreme regent, and Chairman of the Grand Council's Committee on Laws. He is a member of
the New Hampshire Historical Society and of the New Hampshire Society, Sons of the American
Revolution, serving as historian, and member of the board of managers. He was for fifteen
years secretary of the Concord Board of Trade, and is now, and has been for seven years
secretary of the New Hampshire Board of Trade, and is, also, president of the New Hampshire
Old Home Week Association. In religion he is a Universalist and vice-president and member
of the executive board of the Universalist State Convention. He received the honorary degree
of A. M., from Dartmouth College in 1913. December 18, 1869, he married Mary Jane Jackson
of Littleton. They have two sons, Harry Bingham and Edmund Burke, and a daughter,
Laura Prucia, wife of Harlan C. Pearson of Concord.

COL. LYSANDER H. CARROLL
Postmaster of Concord, 1880-1885

Concord's 150th Anniversary

167

minister, the man of affairs, shrewd, tena-
cious and withal concilitory, had found the
way and was willing and ready to lead. The
inhabitants to a man were as one; no dis-
senting or uncertain voice was heard. No
event in all our annals compares with that
singular mission to the British court. As we
view that act of the inhabitants we are over-
come with mingled wonder and admiration.
That a little community on the frontier of
war-ridden New Hampshire should pause in
the midst of alarms and assemble in town-
meeting and vote to ask the king to listen
to their sad story and to give them relief
seems incredible!

Money was scarce, yet somehow money
was forthcoming; courage, perhaps, was a
coinage acceptable at London and estimated
at its full value. Be that as it may, Mr.
Walker assisted by Colonel Rolfe, Rumford's
first citizen, sat down to prepare the royal
petition upon which depended interests so
momentous. Bringing to his task a liberal
education, a cogency of reasoning and clear-
ness of mind, Parson Walker composed a
document remarkable for strength and per-
suasion and worthy in all respects to be pre-
served among the state's most precious ar-
chives.

Briefly was set forth the beginning of the
settlement and its development, the Indian
troubles, the loss of lives, the exacting cost,
the toil and law-abiding traits of the popula-

tion, which at that time occupied about eighty
dwellings with many cleared and cultivated
farms. Following came an accurate account
of the boundary disputes arising from the Bow
and the Penacook charters, and the unfortu-
nate litigation connected with them which
the minister described in no uncertain terms.

Pointing out that the Bow charter was
posterior to that of Penacook and that during
the last twenty years but few families had
settled there, the proprietors instead of im-
proving the land preferred the easier method
of forcing the Rumford men out of their
hard-won possessions and thereby gain wealth
at another's expense. This put into vigorous
phrase would certainly merit royal attention
and it did, undoubtedly, exert an influence.
"But your petitioners' greatest misfortune is
that they cannot have a fair, impartial trial,
for that the governor and most of the council
are proprietors of Bow, and by them not only
the judges are appointed, but also the officers
that empanel the jury." The taking from
Rumford of her town privileges, the denial
of representation and the levying of province
taxes were touched upon, and the petition
closed with an appeal to His Majesty, the
common Father of His subjects, that he
should hear and determine the cause by
ordering a fair trial and cutting off the ever
multiplying expenses incident to so many
vexatious suits at law.

Armed in a righteous cause, Timothy

Col. Lysander H. Carroll was born in Croydon, N. H., October 8, 1835, receiving his
education at the district schools of Cornish. At the age of seventeen he engaged with Frank
Robbins of Sutton, as driver and salesman on a stove team, traversing the surrounding country.
When he attained his majority he purchased Mr. Robbins' business and carried it on success-
fully until 1865, when he removed to Concord where he engaged in the stove and hardware
business under the firm name of Carroll & Stone. For six years he handled a very successful
business and then purchased and conducted for a dozen of years the famous dining room of
Piper & Haskins, whose cuisine was famous throughout the state. In 1875-76 he was colonel
on the staff of Governor Cheney, which represented New Hampshire at the centennial celebra-
tion at Philadelphia on the opening and New Hampshire days. The colonel was chosen to bear
the vote of the New Hampshire presidential electors to Washington at the time of the election
of President Hayes, and in 1877 and 1878 he was engaged in the United States Mail Service
as the transfer agent at the Concord depot. In 1879 President Hayes appointed Colonel Car-
roll postmaster of Concord and President Arthur favored him with a reappointment. During
his second administration he inaugurated Concord's present free delivery system and Sunday
mail. He was next associated with the banking house of E. H. Rollins & Sons Company as
salesman, stockholder and director until 1895, when the financial panic and ill health compelled
him to desist from road work. He represented Ward Six, Concord, in the general court in
1895-96 and from 1899 to 1911 was labor commissioner for this state. Colonel Carroll has
always been interested in charitable work and has probably raised more m^ncy for this purpose
than any other person in the city. He was prominently connected with the movement to
establish Concord s first shoe factory and with Oscar Pitman raised sufficient money to in-
sure its location here. Another instance of his benevolence was the raising of $39,000 from a
$10,000 donation for the erection of the Concord Y. M. C. A. He is a Mason and a Knight
Templar, and in politics a Republican, having been prominent in that party since 1856, and a
member of the State Committee for over thirty years.

THE "OLD NORTH"— FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH

Erected 1751. Improved 1783-4. Enlarged 1803

Abandoned November 23, 1842. The Seat of the Methodist General Biblical

Institute, 1847-1867. Burned November 28, 1870

(Site now occupied by the Walker School House)

Concord's 150th Anniversary

169

Walker, the minister in a double sense, sailed
for London late in 1753. The six weeks' voyage
was tedious, no doubt, and he gladly welcomed
the old country and its capitol, where, present-
ing his letters of introduction, he consulted
with friends and began his mission.

The shrewd Yankee minister, recognizing
the fact that a good cause needed a good advo-
cate, retained Sir William Murray as his

ance ripened into close and lasting friendship.
A remarkable and interesting coincidence of
dates marked the lives of the two men. Both
were born in 1705, and Sir William was called
to the bar the same year, the same month and
almost the same day that the minister had
been ordained in the log meeting-house thou-
sands of miles away. Such men could not
have failed to have many traits in common

St. Paul's Episcopal Church

Pleasant Street Baptist Church

counsel. Fortunate, indeed, was that choice.
Sir William was, in 1753, solicitor-general and
a year later he became attorney-general. A
leader of the bar, preeminent in his profes-
sion, and in the House of Commons an orator
second only to William Pitt.

By what channel of intercourse Mr. Walker
met the great lawyer, we do not know, but
we do know how that professional acquaint-

and many subjects of mutual conversation.
In the meanwhile the Portsmouth proprietors
of Bow had not been idle or indifferent; they
had engaged counsel and supplied them with
arguments against allowing the Rumford
appeal to the king.

But all to no result for Sir William per-
suaded the committee of the king's council to
hear the case in October, 1754.

The "Old North Church," or meeting-house of the First Congregational Church, in
Concord, has been the scene of many occurrences of great historic interest. Here, in 1778, a
convention was held "To form a permanent plan of government for the State of New Hamp-
shire." In 1782, the first time the legislature met in Concord, it assembled in this house, on
March 13, followed by the meeting of fifteen sessions of the general court. Here, in 1784,
the new State Constitution was formed and adopted. In June, 1788, the Federal Constitution
was here ratified, New Hampshire being, by this action, the ninth state — the number required
to make the union possible. In 1791-92, a convention met to revise the State Constitution.
From 1784 to 1831, thirty-nine times, the legislature marched in formal procession to this
church to hear the annual election sermon. From 1765 to 1790, twenty-five years, all Concord
town meetings were held here. On July 20, 1817, James Munroe, president of the United States,
attended Sabbath service in this church. Thursday, June 5, 1845, here was held the great
debate between Hon. John P. Hale and Gen. Franklin Pierce on the subject of slavery.

Concord's 150th Anniversary

171

Parson Walker sailed for home, remaining
until the late summer of that year when he
journeyed again to London prepared for the
hearing. But the usual procrastination and
delay incident to English legal procedure of

in the new world to the victorious Briton.
Portsmouth law suits slumbered for a while
but no sooner was peace in sight than a new
action was begun. Again we follow its pre-
destined course in the provincial courts end-

New Hampshire State Library

the period postponed the case until June,
1755, when the king and council made their
decision to the effect that the judgment of
the superior court in favor of the proprietors
of Bow be reversed. Like the imperial
ambassadors of our own time, Minister

ing with the inevitable judgment for Bow,.
but the amount then in controversy permitted
an appeal to the king in council, so we behold
the resolute parson, armed with the mandate
of his people, setting out on his third journey
to England.

Railroad Station

Walker might have exclaimed, as he met his
townsmen, "I have returned 'with peace and
honor.' ' Now broke over New England the
French and Indian War destined to rage until
the day when France surrendered her empire

On reaching London he found that his good
friend, Murray, has been appointed chief
justice of the King's Bench with the title of
Baron Mansfield, or Lord Mansfield as the
world knows him.

Concord' 's 150th Anniversary

173

But this high office, while ending the former
relations of client and attorney, did not pre-
vent the chief justice from rendering further
aid to the cause of Rumford, for by a provi-
sion of law, or of time honored custom, the

Chief Justice of the Common Pleas with the
title of Lord Walsingham. We shall never
cease to regret that Mr. Walker kept no
diary during those years, for if he did keep
one no traces of it can be discovered, but he

Residence of Dr. George M. Kimball

One of Concord's Substantial Modern Residences

chief justice became a member of the privy
council before which American appeals were
heard. Accordingly we find Lord Mansfield
taking a very prominent part in the cause

did write a few letters to his friends and
among them one to his townsman, Col. Ben-
jamin Rolfe, describing the hearing before the
council. It appeared that Lord Mansfield

Residence of Dr. Orlando B. Douglas

A Typical Modern Home, Auburn Street

Parson Walker had so much at heart. It is
interesting to note that fortune had again
served Mr. Walker well in the choice of his
new counsel who was William De Grey, a
leader of the bar and subsequently Lord

checked irrelevance and discursiveness with
a heavy hand and narrowed the issues mate-
rially, finally saying that there were but two
points worth insisting upon; one, the false
laying out of Bow; the other, the decree of

174

The Granite Monthly

King George the Second respecting private
rights. These points he discussed with clear-
ness and cogency declaring that a man's
possession should be his title and that private
property should be protected; that it is not
the same as private possession, but meant
more considering the circumstances of the
particular case. Other views were, no doubt,
expressed with arguments for and against
the appellants for the hearing was exhaustive
and prolonged. However, on December 17,
1762, the Right Honorable, the Lords of the
Committee of Council, for hearing appeals
from the plantations rendered their report
to the king in council confirming the conten-

nssociates, having tested the mettle of Parson
Walker and his flock, no longer invoked their
judges to assist in robbing the sturdy inhab-
itants on the Merrimack.

The people of Rumford had won the long
and costly contest in the final court of law,
but they were left without town rights and
local government, victims - of the malevolent
disposition of their opponents. Fortunately
a people who had gone through unexampled
perils and had experienced such vicissitudes
had learned the lesson of restraint and pa-
tience as few among New England communi-
ties had ever learned it. There were giants
in the earth in those days and they grew

United States Government Building

tion of Rumford by reversing the judgments
of the New Hampshire courts. A few days
later the king with the advice of his council
formally approved and confirmed the report
and ordered that "the appellants be restored
to what they may have lost by means of the
said judgments, whereof the Governor or
Commander-in-Chief of his Majesty's Prov-
ince of New Hampshire, for the time being,
and all others whom it may concern, are to
take notice and govern themselves accord-
ingly." The Portsmouth oligarchy, humbled
beyond repair in the court of last resort, was
not without power to vex and worry the
people of Rumford with taxes and claims
during the years following the decree of 1762.
But Governor Wentworth and his speculative

strong by touching the mother earth. De-
voutly believing in the righteousness of their
cause, firm in faith, unshakened in courage, the
founders of the town bided their time. Their
prayers for redress, however repugnant to the
governor and council, could not be denied in-
definitely, accordingly a change came over the
stubborn spirits in Portsmouth. Stubborn is
the word to explain the official mind in its treat-
ment of Rumford, and the ministry at London,
not insensible to the anomalous condition in
New Hampshire, were considering the desira-
bility of removing Benning Wentworth from
office. After fifteen years of injustice and
oppression, Parson Walker, in April, 1764,
presented the last of the long series of similar
petitions to the governor and council.

Concord's 150th Anniversary

175

Despairing of fair and equitable treatment,
the petitioners prayed that His Excellency
would even renew the District Act, although
they unanimously preferred a town charter
with definite privileges and liberties. Any-
thing other than the existing uncertainty
would satisfy them. A month later the house
of representatives passed a spiteful act of
incorporation.

That was the Parthian shot discharged by
the revengeful government. Beaten in the
contest before the king there remained one
more weapon in the armory of the oligarchy,
the arrow poisoned with humiliation.

The governor and council saw their oppor-
tunity and made the most of it. They
avenged themselves and wounded Rumford,
as they thought, and were happy. Listen to
the method whereby the province sought to
punish the free and well-ordered people who
had dared to resist oppression and demand
fair treatment. The house answered. Mr.
Walker's prayer with this insolent enactment,
to wit, "An Act for the setting off of a part
of the Town of Bow, together with some lands
adjoining thereto, with the inhabitants
thereon, and making them a Parish by the
name of Concord, investing them with such
privileges and immunities as Towns in this
Province have and do enjoy."

This act of incorporation was agreed to by
the council and consented to by the governor,
June 7, 1765, one hundred and fifty years ago
this very day. In the eye of law, Concord
was merely a parish in Bow, but that fiction

soon disappeared; yet not until after the war
of the Revolution was the wrong made right
by the state legislature of 1784.

Since the beginning we have had three
names, Penacook of Indian meaning, Rum-
ford purely English, and Concord derived
from the Latin. Whence came the name
Concord is not wholly determined, but its
appropriateness seems to us peculiarly feli-
citous. Tradition suggests that the name
was designed to signify the unanimity of
purpose and faith in the right which had
always characterized the settlers and which
has been a marked trait among their des-
cendants.

Perhaps we may attribute our proud name
to the words spoken by the Rev. John Barn-
ard of Andover, who, at the ordination of the
Rev. Timothy Walker thirty-five years before,
solemnly charged the people "always to live
in Love and Peace — to rejoice and strengthen
the hands of their Minister by their Concord."
I have now traced the incidents and events
from the wilderness beginning to the birth of
the town, a period of less than half a century
of years but withal, a period rich in history
and infinitely richer in the moulding of civic
virtues. We are fortunate, indeed, to inherit
the traditions and beliefs of our ancestors and
conserve them for the Concord of our day.
We are stronger through their sublime faith
and splendid courage and our duty is impera-
tive and clear. Enriched by their example
let us emulate them in civic ideals and civic
accomplishment.

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THE PROFESSIONAL LIFE OF CONCORD

By Joseph M. Lucier

The growth of Concord during the
past century and a half, though it has
not been what one might term rapid,
has been steady and substantial. The
efforts of the men who have been at
the' head of the municipal affairs have
always been highly appreciated, but
no one group of men has played a
more important part in building Con-
cord than the professional men.

The lawyer of the early days was a
prominent factor in public life, the
physician a necessity, and as time
passed on the dentist came into more
prominence, his work today being
recognized, not as a luxury as hereto-
fore, but as a necessity to the pre-
servation of good health.

For the first time in the history of
Concord, biographies and portraits of
the most prominent people of these
three professions have been grouped
in the volume that will preserve' to
posterity the Capital City and the
people who are making its history in
the present day.

THE LEGAL PROFESSION

The early history of Concord's
bench and bar has been handed down
to the present generation by the few
remaining traditions and even after
the eighteenth century there can be
found only meager annals, anecdotes
and official records on this important
subject. Concord took a small part
in the doings of the professional world
and not many men were interested in
the study of law. Court at that time
was held in Rockingham County
either Portsmouth or Exeter, and the
methods of travel were so slow that
it certainly was no inducement to the
energetic youth to practice under
such circumstances. The first judge
in this section was Timothy Walker,
Jr., son of Rev. Timothy Walker,
Concord's first minister, and the first
lawyer was Peter Green.

Concord did not prove a very at-
tractive field for the legal profession,

but, nevertheless, several students
came to the village and the records
show that in later years they were
among the most distinguished pro-
fessional men, including Nathaniel,
Gardner and Samuel Green and Ed-
ward and Arthur St. Loe, the two
latter having later been appointed to
the bench.

The laws of this period were loosely
administered and the people regarded
litigation as an expensive and shame-
fully prolonged process of justifica-
tion. The judges were not necessarily
men well versed in law, and very often
a farmer or a merchant was appointed
to the bench. The condition of the
courts was, indeed, bad. Three courts
were in existence, the county court,
composed of all the justices in the
county and meeting four times a year;
the inferior court of common pleas,
consisting of a justice and four asso-
ciates, which settled civil actions
when the damages did not exceed
twenty pounds and, lastly, the supe-
rior court of judicature which con-
sisted of a chief justice and four
associates, whose salaries were respec-
tively $1,500 and $1,200. Political
upheavals in 1813 and in 1816 partly
succeeded in establishing a new sys-
tem, the legislature taking a hand
this time and it finally resulted in the
establishment of the judiciary, which
really begins the history of the bench
and bar in Concord.

In 1816 Concord had seven attor-
neys, Samuel Green, Charles Walker,
Moody Kent, Samuel A. Kimball,
William Pickering, Samuel Fletcher
and Thomas W. Thompson. The
growth of the town, with such men at
the head of affairs, was steady and in
1821 a bill was introduced in the legis-
lature forming a new county, but the
measure was killed. At the following
session, in 1823, the county bill was
again introduced and this time passed
with substantial majorities in both
the house and senate, Merrimack
County being the name adopted by

178

The Granite Monthly

the new county. An incident which
has since amused the people of this
city is that Concord's rival for the
county capital was Hopkinton, which
at that time had a population of only
a few hundred less than this city.
The county jail, however, was not
removed to this city until 1852.

The first trial that attracted county-
wide attention was the Roger E.
Perkins' will case. It arose from an
appeal from the probate court and
some of the most prominent lawyers
of that day came to Concord to take
part in the proceedings. Many people
from the neighboring towns came to
attend the court but the accommoda-

1840 Concord had over fifteen attor-
neys and in 1855 occurred the crea-
tion of a new court called the supreme
judicial court, consisting of a chief
and four justices, and at one time
Concord had three judges in that
court.

The cornerstone of a new court
house was laid May 25, 1855, and the
building lasted to the present gener-
ation, having been replaced by the
present county building within a com-
paratively few years.

As time went on Concord became
more conspicuous in legal circles and
the number of men engaged in the
practice of law became more numer-

Merrimack County Building

tions were so limited that the majority
were forced to remain on the outside
and hear only the reports. The trial
had been so fully discussed by the
people that when the day of the pro-
ceedings came, in January, 1826, the
throng of people on the streets re-
minded one of a holiday. Jeremiah
Mason and Ezekial Webster were the
attorneys for the executors and were
opposed by George Sullivan, attorney-
general, Moody Kent and Richard
Bartlett. The case resulted in the
disagreement of the jury.

The first murder trial held in Con-
cord was held in June, 1833, and was
one very similar to that of LaPage
which occurred forty years later. In

ous. The present judiciary system
of the state was established in 1876
and underwent a radical remodeling
by the legislature in 1901. This city
was again honored in the meantime
by the appointment of William M.
Chase and Reuben E. Walker to the
supreme bench.

Court proceedings, which have
taken place in this city from time to
time, have been the center of interest
throughout the country and have had
a great influence in the building up of
the law profession so that today Con-
cord stands in the foremost ranks,
and the law firms of this city are rec-
ognized as being among the most
prominent in the country.

The Professional Life of Concord 179

Hon. Frank Sherwin Streeter. removed, with his parents, to St.

Many Concord lawyers have Johnsbury, where the elder Streeter
achieved high success in life. Their engaged in business,
ranks have included congressmen, The early education of the young
senators, judges and one was ele- man was received in the public
vated to the highest office within the schools of Charleston and St. Johns-
gift of the people of these United bury. At the latter place he at-
States— the presidency. Therefore, tended the academy, from which
from a comparative standpoint, the institution he graduated. Having
phrase "eminently successful" must fitted himself for college, he entered
stand for something more substantial Bates College at Lewiston, Me., in
than usual when it is drawn from the 1870, and remained one year, trans-
storehouse of time-worn, common- f erring to Dartmouth in 1871, from
place and trite expressions, to preface which college he graduated in 1874.
the name of a Concord member of It is evident that young Streeter
the New Hampshire bar. The career had not set his mind on following the
of Gen. Frank Sherwin Streeter, has, legal profession during his college
in truth, been eminently successful, days, for right after graduation he
No lawyer of today has made for went West and accepted the principal-
himself a more lasting or more credit- ship of a high school at Ottumwa,
able impression in the minds of New Iowa. However, teaching did not
Hampshire citizenry than he; no appeal to him and he returned East
lawyer has done more to further the and entered upon the study of law
upbuild of municipality and state. in the office of that brilliant attorney

Mr. Streeter traces his ancestry and able jurist, Alonzo P. Carpenter

back to Stephen Streeter, a shoe- of Bath. His choice was a wise one,

maker of Kent County, England, who for Judge Carpenter was a man

came to this country nearly three exceptionally well qualified to guide

hundred years ago and settled in the initial steps of a law student, and

Gloucester, Mass., from which place the town, long the home of a keen

he later removed to Charlestown. coterie of able lawyers, was fairly

The first Streeter to settle in New redolent with a legal atmosphere, his

Hampshire was Zebulon, five genera- share of which the young man could

tions removed from the original not help but absorb. Under such

settler, Stephen, and he removed from favorable circumstances did he read

Douglas, Mass., where he was born law for a period of nearly two years,

in 1739, to Winchester, N. H., in 1770, when he was admitted to the Grafton

and finally settled in Surry in 1777, County bar at Haverhill, in March,

where he died in 1808. Benjamin 1877.

Streeter, a son of Zebulon, moved He immediately began the practice

from Surry to Concord, Vt., in 1782 of law, which he has followed con-

and his son, Daniel, born July 24, stantly for thirty-eight years, with

1799, married Mary Jackson, a native steadily increasing success. It was in

of Canterbury, N. H. Of this wed- the town of Orford that he first hung

lock eight children were born, the out the "shingle" denoting his

fourth child, Daniel, being born on "trade," for thus does he define his

March 1, 1829. Daniel married Julia life work. "No, I didn't immediately

Wheeler, and, leaving his paternal engage in the duties of my profession,

home in Concord, Vt., engaged in as you would have said, but I got

farming in East Charleston of the busy at my trade — that's what I

same state. Here, on August 5, 1853, call it — trade," laughed Mr. Streeter

Frank Sherwin Streeter was born, one morning when speaking of the

His early boyhood was spent in East time when he concluded his work as

Charleston and at the age of twelve he a member of the International Joint

HON. FRANK SHERWIN STREETER

The Professional Life of Concord 181

Commission, and this is but a slight attention to corporation work, repre-

indication of the democratic ten- senting many of the large interests of

dencies of the man. His partner in the state, including the Boston &

Orford was Charles W. Pierce, Esq., Maine Railroad. For eleven years,

and the firm of Pierce & Streeter from June, 1895, to October 29, 1906,

existed for a period of some seven or he served the latter corporation,

eight months, or until Mr. Streeter withdrawing from its services of his

could no longer bear the monotony own volition only after wide differ-

of life in the law office of a small ences of opinion began to exist be-

country town. He then removed to tween himself and the management

Concord and engaged in a partnership of the railroad in regard to the policy

with John H. Albin, which continued of the corporation towards state and

until September, 1879, at which time party matters, in which the road had

Mr. Streeter effected a partnership no intimate concern. He felt that

with William M. Chase. For nearly while he was under obligation to

twelve years the partnership con- serve all legitimate interests of the

tinued, until the senior member of road as its counsel, yet at the same

the firm withdrew to accept a com- time he had the right to exercise his

mission as associate justice of the own judgment upon all matters of

supreme court, in the spring of 1891. public, party or private concern in

When Judge Chase withdrew, Reu- which the railroad had no material

ben E. Walker and Arthur H. Chase interest.

associated themselves with Mr. Street- Mr. Streeter has not found himself
er, and for three years, or until 1894, too busy with the affairs of his
this firm continued under the name "trade" to entirely neglect the wel-
of Streeter, Walker & Chase. At fare of the Republican party, with
that time Mr. Chase received the which he has always been identified
appointment as state librarian and as a loyal and interested member. For
Allen Hollis was admitted to the years he has served on the Republican
firm in his stead. Seven years later State Committee and also on the
Mr. Walker accepted an appointment Executive Committee of that body as
to the supreme bench and, in 1901, the Merrimack County member. In
the firm name became Streeter & Hoi- 1896 he was president of the Repub-
lis. Fred C. Demond and Edward K. lican State Convention and in 1902,
Woodworth were admitted to the as chairman for the Convention
firm in the same } r ear, and in 1910 the Committee on Resolutions, prepared
firm was named Streeter, Hollis, the platform in which the Republican
Demond & Woodworth. When Mr. party of this state broke away from
Hollis withdrew to conduct a business unconditional prohibition and de-
of his own, the firm was known as clared for a local option license law.
Streeter, Demond & Woodworth. By reason of his stalwart defense of
On July 1, 1911, Frank J. Sulloway the platform it was adopted and later
was admitted as the junior member the local option law was passed by the
and the firm name was once more legislature. In 1896 he was dele-
changed, this time to Streeter, De- gate-at-large from this state to the
mond, Woodworth & Sulloway. National Republican Convention at

During the entire period these Chicago and was selected as the New
law firms, headed by Mr. Streeter, Hampshire member of the Republican
have attracted attention in legal National Committee in 1904, which
circles throughout New Hampshire, position he held for four years. In
because of their connection with the 1885 Mr. Streeter served a term in
important litigation of the state, the legislature as representative from
During these years Mr. Streeter has Ward Four, and was an active mem-
devoted a greater part of his personal ber of the Judiciary Committee. He

182 The Granite Monthly

was elected to preside over the Con- United States member of the com-

stitutional Convention of 1902, per- mittee to investigate the pollution

forming the duties of the responsible of the boundary waters between the

position with the greatest acumen and United States and Canada, and to

tact. He served as judge advocate- recommend a remedy. For nine

general on the staff of Gov. Charles months he was engaged in the work,

A. Busiel, there acquiring his military especially with reference to the pollu-

title. tion of the waters of the Niagara

Since his graduation from Dart- River. An extensive report was made
mouth in 1874, Mr. Streeter has on this subject, which was adopted in
always evinced the deepest interest full by the commission and reported
in his alma mater, being one of the to Congress. In August, 1913, at the
first to promulgate the need of an request of Secretary of State Bryan,
alumni representative on the govern- Mr. Streeter resigned to enable a
ing board of the college. Probably it Democrat to be appointed in his
was for this reason that he was stead. Since his retirement from
elected a trustee of the institution in the commission, Mr. Streeter has been
1892, and, soon after reelection in actively engaged in his "trade."
1897, was made a life member of the In both physical and mental make-
board at the request of former Presi- up, Frank Streeter is a big man. " In
dent Tucker. Mr. Streeter has served his work he is aggressive and resolute,
for years as chairman of the Trustees yet, as has often been said, he fights
Committee on Buildings and Im- in the open and on the level. His
provements, thus coming in direct long experience in dealing with men
contact with the tremendous growth has enabled him to size up human
of the physical equipment of the nature at almost a glance, a faculty
college at Hanover. that but few men possess. He is

Probably one of the most famous energetic and tireless, and has a keen
litigations with which Mr. Streeter sense of humor and is democratic in
was connected grew out of the cele- spirit to a degree that is as refreshing
brated suit in equity instituted by as it is uncommon among men of his
those who alleged themselves to be profession. Mr. Streeter is a master
her "next friends'' for the purpose of of the English language and his pub-
determining the capacity of Mary lished sketches of the lives and char-
Baker G. Eddy, discoverer and founder acter of Bismarck, Cecil Rhodes and
of Christian Science, to manage her John Paul Jones are the products of
own affairs. As personal counsel for none but a finished scholar. Perhaps
Mrs. Eddy and later, following her one of the most distinguishing char-
death, as counsel for the estate, Mr. acteristics of the man is his unfailing
Streeter lived up in every way to the pleasant disposition which has gained
excellent reputation he had already for him the honorable title of "good
achieved as an astute and brilliant fellow." He is affable and kind,
attorney, gaining additional laurels making and keeping a host of friends,
because of the competent manner in Mr. Streeter has for the past
which he handled the several com- twelve years been president of the
plicated phases of that legal struggle Wonolancet Club; is a member of the
on which the eyes of nearly all the Snowshoe Club, the Union and Algon-
«ivilized world were focused. quin clubs of Boston, the Derryfield

In 1911 President William H. Taft Club of Manchester and the Metropol-

appointed Mr. Streeter a member of itan, Cosmos, University and Chevy

the International Joint Commission. Chase Clubs of Washington. He is

He was active in his duties as com- a member of the White Mountain

missioner, but the most extensive Lodge, I. O. O. F., and of Eureka

work which he performed was as Lodge, A. F. A. M. He holds mem-

The Professional Life of Concord

183

bership in chapter, council and com-
mandery and is a Scottish Rite Mason
of the 32d degree, as well as a member
of Bektash Temple, Nobles of the
Mystic Shrine. He attends the Uni-
tarian Church.

Mr. Streeter married Lilian Car-
penter, daughter of Hon. Alonzo P.
and Julia (Goodall) Carpenter of
Bath, on November 14, 1877, and
they have two children, Julia, born
September 8, 1878, and Thomas W.,

19, 1873. His early education was
received in the grammar and high
schools of Concord. After graduating
from Dartmouth in 1896 he attended
the Harvard Law School for two
years and, returning to this city, was
admitted to the bar in June, 1899.
In 1900, Mr. Couch was admitted to
the firm of Leach & Stevens as a
junior partner. Mr. Leach has since
withdrawn from the firm and Mr.
William L. Stevens has been ad-

Benjamin W. Couch

born July 20, 1883. The Streeter
home on Main Street is an extensive
estate with a large dwelling house of
Colonial design; another building
which will go down in history as
"The Barn," where Mr. Streeter has
fitted up a beautiful library and den,
a garage, and well-kept lawns and
beautiful gardens. — J. W. T.

Benjamin W. Couch

Benjamin W. Couch, one of the
ablest of Concord's younger attor-
neys, was born in this city on August

mitted, the firm name now being
Stevens, Couch & Stevens.

Mr. Couch, despite an extensive
law practice, has found opportunity
to serve both the city and state in
several important capacities. He has
been a member of the Concord Police
Commission, associate justice of the
local Police Court, a trustee of the
New Hampshire State Hospital and
president of the City Council under
the old charter. Since 1911 the
Republican voters of Ward Five have
returned him to the legislature and

JUDGE JAMES WALDRON REMICK

The Professional Life of Concord

185

at each session he has held the impor-
tant post of chairman of the Judiciary
Committee. Gov. Samuel D. Felker
appointed him minority party member
of the State Board of Control in 1913.
A brilliant speaker and clear thinker,
Mr. Couch is well termed a "legisla-
tive leader."

In 1900 Mr. Couch married Ger-
trude A. Underhill. He is affiliated
with the Wonolancet, Passaconaway,
Beaver Meadow and Bow Brook
clubs, is a Mason and member of the
Unitarian Church. At the present
time he holds several important
business positions, being treasurer of
the Concord Gas Light Company,
trustee of the Merrimack County
Savings Bank and auditor of the
Manufacturers and Merchants Fire
Insurance Company.

Judge James Waldron Remick

Among the able members of the
legal profession in this city, Judge
James W. Remick is one of the most
prominent. He is the son of Samuel
K. and Sophia (Cushman) Remick,
born October 30, 1860, and was edu-
cated in the common schools of St.
Johnsbury, Vt., and Colebrook, N. H.
He began the study of law with James
I. Parsons -of Colebrook, later asso-
ciating with B. F. Chapman of Clock-
ville, N. Y., and Bingham & Aldrich
of Littleton, this state. In 1880 he
entered the law department of the
University of Michigan at Ann Arbor,
graduating in 1882, and was admitted
to the New Hampshire bar in the
same year. He opened an office in
Colebrook and practised there for
two years, in 1885 forming a partner-
ship with Ossian Ray of Lancaster
and in 1889 he became associated with
his brother, Daniel C. Remich in
Littleton. At the age of twenty-
eight Judge Remick was appointed
district attorney for New Hampshire,
being the youngest man ever to hold
such an important position. In Lit-
tleton he was held in high esteem by
all, having been a member of the
board of health in 1887-88-89, the

board of education from 1889 to
1901, serving the board as its presi-
dent during the last six years. He
was appointed a justice on the Su-
preme Bench in 1901 and since then
has made his residence in Concord.
In 1904 he resigned from the bench
and resumed his practice of law in
the firm of Sargent, Remick & Niles,
later forming a partnership with Henry
F. Hollis, which was dissolved in 1911,
in which year he became associated
with Robert Jackson in the present
firm of Remick & Jackson, one of the
most prominent law firms of the state.

George Moore Fletcher

The Capital City of New Hamp-
shire has been very fortunate to
count among her citizenry, Judge
George M. Fletcher, the son of George
W. and Hannah R. (Avery) Fletcher,
who was born at Rumney, December
19, 1852. He was educated in the
common schools of that place and the
New London Literary and Scientific
Institution. At the age of twenty-
one he formed a partnership with his
father in the manufacture of gloves,
which continued five years, then
entering the office of Hon. Evarts W.
Farr of Littleton, who that year was
elected to Congress, and there Mr.
Fletcher began his study of law.
After spending a year in that office
he went to Ann Arbor, and entered
the law department of the University
of Michigan, where he spent two years
graduating in March, 1881, with the
degree of LL.B. The six months
following were spent in the office of
Frederick Hooker of Minneapolis,
Minn., after which he devoted some
few weeks visiting in North Dakota.
Returning to Concord, Mr. Fletcher
entered the office of the late Judge
Mitchell, who was then a member of
the firm of Bingham & Mitchell, and
in March, 1883, he was admitted to
the New Hampshire bar, having since
been in practice in this city. In
politics the judge is a Republican and
represented Ward Four in the General
Court in 1889-91; was county solici-

HON. HENRY W. STEVENS

The Professional Life of Concord

187

tor, 1897-1901 ; judge of the Concord
Police Court, 1902-13; and is at
present clerk of the Superior Court.
Judge Fletcher is a member of the
Unitarian Church and his fraternal
affiliations include the Blazing Star
Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted
Masons.

On January 19, 1875, he married
Addie C. Spaulding, daughter of
George C. and Annette J. Spaulding.

Hon. Henry Webster Stevens

A prominent lawyer and business
man of the Capital City is the Hon.
Henry Webster Stevens, son of the
late ex-Mayor Lyman D. Stevens and
Achsah Pollard (French) Stevens, the
latter born in Concord, September
26, 1822. Mr. Stevens was born in
Concord March 5, 1853, and was
educated in the public schools of
Concord, at Phillips Andover Acad-
emy and at Dartmouth College,
graduating from the latter institution
in 1875. He at once began the study
of law in his father's office and, later,
entered the Boston L T niversity Law
School, from which institution he
received the degree of LL.B. He was
admitted to the New Hampshire bar
in January, 1878, and immediately
formed a law partnership with his
father. In June, 1879, Mr. Stevens
formed a partnership with Edward
G. Leach of Franklin which was con-
tinued until 1900, when Benjamin W.
Couch was admitted to the firm. Mr.
Leach retired from the firm a few
years later, and in January, 1915,
Mr. Stevens' brother, William L.
Stevens, became the junior member
of the present firm of Stevens, Couch
& Stevens. It is interesting to note
at this particular time that the office
now occupied by the above-named
firm has been used continuously since
1847 by Lyman D. Stevens and the
succeeding law firms.

In politics Mr. Stevens has always
been a faithful and earnest Republi-
can. In 1885-86 he was chosen city
solicitor (a position previouslv held by
his father in 1855-56). In~1887 he

was elected from W^ard Five as a repre-
sentative to the General Court and
in 1894 served as alderman from the
same ward. In 1901 he represented
District No. 10 in the State Senate,
serving as chairman of the Committee
on Banks and as a member of the
Judiciary and Revision of Laws com-
mittees. He has been a trustee of
the public library and served as
trustee and president of the Margaret
Pillsbury General Hospital. At pres-
ent Mr. Stevens is vice-president of
the Mechanicks National Bank, the
Merrimack County Savings Bank of
Concord, a director of the Board of
Trade Building Company and of the
Concord Light & Power Company.

He is a member of the Wonolancet
Club of Concord and the University
clubs of Boston and New York.

On October 27, 1881, he was mar-
ried to Ellen Tuck Nelson, second
daughter of William R. Nelson and
Abbv Elizabeth Tuck, of Peekskill,
N. Y.

Allen Hollis

Allen Hollis, a leading member of
the New Hampshire bar, and widely
known as an authority in public
utility matters, was born in West
Concord, N. H., December 20, 1871,
the son of Major Abijah and the late
Harriett Van Mater (French) Hollis.
His education was gained in the
public schools of Concord, graduating
from the high school in the class of
1889; in the law office of Chase &
Streeter (Judge William M. Chase
and General Frank S. Streeter); and
at the Harvard Law School. In 1906
Dartmouth College conferred upon
him the honorary degree of Master
of Arts.

Mr. Hollis was admitted to the
New Hampshire bar in 1893 and since
that date has been engaged constantly
in the general practice of law in this
city, with offices in State Block. He
served as special counsel for the state
of New Hampshire in the railroad
rate investigation before the Public
Service Commission in 1911-12, and

ALLEN HOLLIS

The Professional Life of Concord 189

as counsel for the special rate com- a director of the Connecticut Valley

mittee of the New Hampshire legis- Waterways Association; secretary and

lature of 1913; and was associated treasurer of the Squam Lake Improve-

with the attorney-general of the state ment Association; vice-president of

in the Grand Trunk Railroad tax the New Hampshire Fish and Game

appeal case before the Supreme Court League and of the Lake Sunapee

in 1912. Fishing Association.

Mr. Hollis is extensively interested His clubs are the Wonolancet, Snow-
in public utilities— gas, electric, tele- shoe, Canoe and Beaver Meadow
phone and street railway companies. Golf, of Concord, the Harvard and
In 1901 he reorganized the properties Exchange, of Boston. He is a Mason,
now owned by the Concord Electric of Eureka Lodge and Royal Arch
Company, of which corporation he Chapter of Concord, and attends the
has been the president since 1904. South Congregational Church in this
He is president, also, of the Exeter, city.

Hampton & Amesbury Street Rail- Mr. Hollis married, November 10,
way, of the Exeter & Hampton Elec- 1897, Amoret Nichoson of Dubuque,
trie Company and of the White Iowa, and their children are Allen, Jr.
Mountain Telephone & Telegraph born February 1, 1900, and Franklin,
Company; vice-president of the La- born March 26, 1904.
conia Gas & Electric Company and n ^
of the Exeter Railway & Lighting Joseph S. Matthews
Company; a director of Charles H. In the legal circles of this state a
Tenney & Company (public utility prominent position has been attained
operating engineers), in the Concord by Joseph S. Matthews, assistant
Shoe Factory and in other business attorney-general. He is a native of
corporations; secretary and director of Franklin, where he was born Decem-
the United Life and Accident Insur- ber 21, 1861, the son of George B.
ance Company; trustee of the North and Emily (Howard) Matthews. He
Boston Lighting Properties, etc. For was educated in the Franklin High
fifteen years clerk of the Union Trust School, from which he graduated in
Company, Concord, he resigned that 1879, and at Dartmouth College,
position to accept the appointment as where he received the degree of A. B.
director (Class C) in the Federal with the class of 1884. He was ad-
Reserve Bank of Boston. mitted to the bar in 1891, began the

Mr. Hollis was a member of the practice at law in this city and early

House of Representatives in the New in his career had built up a large and

Hampshire legislature of 1907 and successful practice.

1909 from Ward Four, Concord, serv- He married, December 10, 1890,

ing with distinction upon the impor- Clara Helen Webster, daughter of

tant Judiciary Committee at each John F. and Mary (Cutting) Webster,

session. In 1908 he was assistant of Concord. They have two children,

secretary of the Republican National Emily Webster, born August 27, 1892,

Convention; and he has been the and Jane Webster, May 23, 1896.

moderator of his ward since 1910. Aside from his law practice. Mr.

Fond of out-of-door life and sports, Matthews has found time to devote

Mr. Hollis has been active in forestry to the affairs of the city and state.

and conservation movements and has He is a Republican in politics and has

done valuable public service on those been twice elected to the board of

lines. He has been secretary of the aldermen. In 1907 he represented

New Hampshire Forestry Society Ward Four of this city in the general

since 1907 and is a member of the court, and his work as chairman of

American Forestry Association and the Ways and Means Committee will

National Conservation Association; long be remembered. In that capacity

JOSEPH S. MATTHEWS

The Professional Life of Concord

191

he was confronted with many difficult
problems, but his knowledge of the
subject of taxation, acquired from
special study, proved invaluable in
both committee work and on the floor
of the house. One of the bills reported
by this committee was the act pro-
viding for the appointment of a com-
mission to investigate the entire sys-
tem of taxation in this state and
report recommendations to the legis-
lature of 1909.

Bank, treasurer of the trustees of the
Protestant Episcopal Church in New
Hampshire, a member of St. Paul's
Church and of the Wonolancet Club.

Edward C. Niles
Since its organization in 1911, the
New Hampshire Public Service Com-
mission which succeeded the Railroad
Commission, has been very fortunate
to retain as its chairman, Edward C.
Niles, who, though not of Concord

Edward C. Niles

From 1906 until 1913 he was special
attorney for the state in all litigation
growing out of the inheritance tax,
and assisted the state treasurer in its
collection. He then returned for a
time to the general practice of law
and was appointed assistant attorney-
general in April of this year and as-
sumed his duties on the first of May.

Mr. Matthews was a non-com-
missioned officer of the staff of Col.
True Sanborn in the New Hampshire
National Guard, and is now a trustee
of the Merrimack County Savings

birth, has been a resident of the Capital
City for many years. He was born
at Hartford, Conn., and is the son
of the late Rt. Rev. W. W. Niles, second
bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of New
Hampshire, and Bertha (Olmstead)
Niles. From 1879 to 1883 he attended
St. Paul's School, later entering
Trinity College, Hartford, where he
graduated with the degree of A. B.,
1887. He was classical master at
the Holderness School, Plymouth,
from 1887 until 1889, at which time
he became interested in the study of

HON. A. CHESTER CLARK
Judge, Concord Municipal Court

The Professional Life of Concord

193

law and entered the Harvard Law
School, graduating with the degree of
LL. B. in 1892. As the junior partner
in the firm of Daley, Goss & Niles
at Berlin, Mr. Niles began his career
as an attorney, and, two years later,
in 1894, he opened an office in the
same city, practising alone until 1896.

Removing to Concord during that
year he became associated with the
late Harry Sargent and Henry F.
Hollis in the firm of Sargent, Hollis
& Niles. During the next few years
Mr. Niles was a member of several of
the most prominent law firms of the
city and, in 1908, he became associated
with Robert W. Upton in the firm of
Niles & Upton, the latter firm having
been dissolved January 1, 1914.

In politics Mr. Niles is a Republican
and has served both the city and state
at various times. He was a member
of the constitutional convention of
1902, has been a member of the com-
mon council, board of aldermen, and
was also a member of the committee
appointed to revise the City Charter
in 1908. In the same year he was
counsel on the constitutional and
federal questions of the State Tax
Revision Commission. When the
Public Service Commission was organ-
ized by the Bass administration to
replace the old Railroad Commission
in 1911, he was appointed chairman of
that organization and has since been
continued. He is prominently identi-
fied in educational circles, and is presi-
dent of the Board of Education.

He is a member of the standing
committee of the Protestant Episcopal
Church, diocese of New Hampshire,
of the Diocesan Convention and was
a member of the General Convention
of that church from 1904 to 1913.
He is a Mason and his other fra-
ternal affiliations include the Wono-
lancet and Passaconoway clubs, New
Hampshire Bar Association, Phi Beta
Kappa, Psi Upsilon and Phi Delta Phi
fraternities. July 12, 1893, Mr. Niles
married Ethel Abbe, of Newport News,
Va., who died October 10, 1910. He
has three children.

A. Chester Clark

Judge Allan Chester Clark, of the
Concord Municipal Court, was born
on the Clark homestead at Center
Harbor on July 4, 1877. During his
early youth he attended the country
schools of his home town, and, unable
to gratify his desire for a higher edu-
cation in Center Harbor, he went to
Meredith, where he entered the high
school, doing odd jobs of work in the
stores of the town and in the printing
office in order to make money enough
to support himself. He graduated
from this school and later from
the New Hampton Literary Institu-
tion. In 1901, there came a break in
his schooling, for Clarence E. Burleigh,
managing editor of the Daily Kenne-
bec Journal, offered him a position on
the city staff of the publication, which
he accepted. He remained at Augusta
until the fall of 1902, when he entered
Dartmouth College, from which insti-
tution he was obliged to withdraw in
his sophomore year for financial rea-
sons.

From that time until he came to
Concord, in the winter of 1905, he
conducted a real estate business in
Meredith, and as a side issue, studied
law with Bertram Blaisdell. The
business venture did not prove profit-
able, so Mr. Clark turned his hand to
the newspaper field in Concord, at the
same time continuing his study of the
law in the offices of Gen. John H.
Albin and Joseph A. Donigan. On
June 27, 1913, he was admitted to the
bar and six weeks after that time was
appointed by Gov. Samuel D. Felker
to be justice of the Concord District
Court. At the time of his appoint-
ment he was serving as clerk of the
District Court, under Associate Jus-
tice Willis G. Buxton. Since his
admission to the bar, Judge Clark has
been devoting his energies exclusively
to his duties on the bench, and the
practice of his profession in the State
and Federal courts.

The highly successful manner in
which Judge Clark administered the
affairs of the District Court during the

194

The Granite Monthly

Felker administration led to his reap-
pointment by Gov.RollandH. Spauld-
ing, when the latter official announced
the justices after the reorganization
of the police court system.
>,He was a member of the Constitu-
tional Convention of 1902 while a
student at Dartmouth and in 1912
was secretary of the same body and the
only Democrat in th° organization.

city. In fraternal circles he belongs
to Chocorua Lodge, A. F. & A. M., of
Meredith; to Concord Lodge, Knights
of Pythias; Augusta Young Temple,
Pythian Sisterhood, and Capital
Grange. In the Knights of Pythias
he is a past chancellor of Concord
Lodge and a past deputy grand chan-
cellor of the Grand Lodge. He is also
a member of the Sons of the American

David F. Dudley

Judge Clark is a member of the
American Institute of Criminal Law
and Criminology and of the New
Hampshire Bar Association, among
those identified with his profession.
He still retains his association with his
former fellow-craftsman in the jour-
nalistic field by membership in the
New Hampshire Press Association,
and is a member of the Wonolancet,
the Temple, the Unitarian and Beaver
Meadow Golf, social clubs in his home

Revolution and the New Hampshire
Historical Society, and a director in
the Concord Board of Trade.

David F. Dudley
In the legal circles of the Capital
City, few are better known than
David F. Dudley, fourth and only
surviving son of Matthew F. and
Patience A. (Hutchins) Dudley, who
was born October 17, 1857, in China,
Me., and -was educated in the public

The Professional Life of Concord

195

schools and in Pembroke Academy.
Before entering the academy he
taught school for one year at Epsom
(this state) and after graduation, in
1879, he taught in Deerfield. Mr.
Dudley then took up the study of
law in the office of Leach & Stevens
and was admitted to the bar in 1883,
since when he has been in continuous
practice in Concord.

In politics he is a Republican and
has been elected to various offices on
the party ticket, having been a mem-
ber of the common council and the
board of aldermen, was county solici-
tor in 1900-04 and a delegate to the
Constitutional Convention in 1903.
He is a Mason, an Odd Fellow and a
member of the Grange. Mr. Dudley
was married in 1879 to Blanche L.
Fowler.

William A. Foster

William A. Foster, son of George
A. and Georgia (Ladd) Foster, was
born in Concord, February 3, 1872.

William A. Foster

His education was received in the
public schools of this city, Dartmouth
College, from which he graduated in

1895, and the Harvard Law School,
where he received his degree in 1898.
He at once entered the office of the
late Judge Mitchell, and later became
the junior partner in the firm of
Mitchell & Foster, and since the
appointment of Judge Mitchell to
the bench in 1910, Mr. Foster has
continued practice with Harry F.
Lake, under the firm name of Foster
& Lake.

He is a member of the Wonolancet
Club, Bow Brook Club, and the Bea-
ver Meadow Golf Club.

Fred Clarence Demond

New Hampshire's Capital City has
proven attractive to many a young
man from the surrounding towns, or
even states, one of whom is Fred
Clarence Demond, who came to Con-
cord in 1895 and has since been con-
nected with the office of Streeter,
Walker & Hollis, and succeeding
firms, at the present time being prom-
inently connected with the firm of
Streeter, Demond, Woodworth &
Sulloway.

Mr. Demond was born in Freeport,
Me., November 13, 1875, the son of
George Nelson and Mary Emeline
(Field) Demond. He was educated
in the common schools and is also a
graduate of the high school of Free-
port, Me. After living at Gorham a
few years, Mr. Demond came to this
city in 1895 to study law. In 1899
he was admitted to the New Hamp-
shire bar and has been practising
law in this city since. Mr. Demond,
despite the activities of his profession,
has found opportunity to be of serv-
ice to the city, being a member of
the Common Council in 1903-04 and
a member of the Board of Aldermen
in 1905-06. He also served on the
committee to revise the city charter
in 1908.

Mr. Demond was married January
16, 1906, to Mary Peabody Adams of
Gorham, this state. He resides at
112 School Street,

He is a Republican in politics and
is a member of the American Bar

196

The Granite Monthly

Association, New Hampshire His- entering the office of Lincoln & Badger
torical Society, Wonolancet Club, and of the same city. In 1901 Mr. Wood-
has been a member of the New Hamp- worth returned to Concord and be-
came associated with the firm of
Streeter & Hollis, which later became
Streeter, Hollis, Demond & Wood-
worth. Upon the retirement of Mr.
Hollis from the firm in 1911, Frank J.
Sulloway became the junior member
of the present firm of Streeter,
Demond, Woodworth & Sulloway.

In politics Mr. Woodworth is a
Republican and represented Ward
Five in the city council from 1907 to
1911, the last two years serving as
president of that body. He is also
well known in business circles, being
president of the wholesale house of
Woodworth & Company, vice-presi-
dent of the Parker- Young Company
of Lisbon and the Woodstock Lumber
Company. He is a trustee of the
Margaret Pillsbury General Hospital
and also of St. Mary's School, and is
president of the Concord Oratorio
Society.

Fred C. Demond

shire Board of Bar Examiners since
1913.

Edward Knowlton Woodworth

Although many Concord men have
devoted themselves to the profession
of law, few have been more successful
than Edward K. Woodworth, a part-
ner in the firm of Streeter, Demond,
Woodworth & Sulloway. Mr. Wood-
worth is the son of Albert Bingham
and Mary A. (Parker) Woodworth
and was born in this city August 25,
1875. He was educated in the public
schools of Concord, graduating from
Concord High School with the class
of 1893. In the fall of the same year
he entered Dartmouth College, grad-
uating in 1897 with the degree of
Litt.B. His study of law was con-
tinued at the Harvard Law School,
where, in June, 1900, he received the
degree of LL.B. (cum laude). He was

admitted to the Massachusetts bar He is a member of the Knights
in the same year and began his prac- Templar, Mystic Shrine, Wonolancet
tice of law in the office of Matthews Club, Bow Brook Club, Intervale
& Thompson of Boston, still later Country Club of Manchester and the

Edward Knowlton Woodworth

The Professional Life of Concord

197

Beaver Meadow Golf Club, having
served the latter club as president for
six years, 1909 to 1915. Mr. Wood-
worth is an Episcopalian, a vestry-
man of St. Paul's Church, and is
secretary of the standing committee
of the diocese of New Hampshire.

Mr. Woodworth was married on
June 25, 1903, to Clara Farwell Holt
and has three children, Constance,
Elizabeth and Margaret.

Frank Jones Sulloway
The junior member of the firm of
Streeter, Demond, Woodworth &

Frank J. Sulloway

Sulloway is Frank J. Sulloway, son of
Hon. Alvah W. and Susan K. (Daniell)
Sulloway, born in Franklin, December
11, 1883. He was educated in the
Franklin public schools, St. Paul's
School of Concord, and graduated
from Harvard College in 1905 with
the degree of A.B., and Harvard Law
School in 1907 with the degree
of LL.B. Admitted to the Massa-
chusetts bar in 1906, he prac-
tised law with the firm of Hill, Barlow
& Homans in Boston until 1911, when
he was admitted to the New Hamp-

shire bar and became a member of the
firm on which he still continues.

Mr. Sulloway was married Septem-
ber 24, 1913, to Margaret Thayer,
and has one child, Gretchen, born
October 10, 1914. He is a member
of the Bow Brook Club, Wonolancet
Club, Beaver Meadow Golf Club,
Intervale Country Club of Manches-
ter, Harvard Club of Boston, Bos-
ton Athletic Association, Longwood
Cricket Club of Brookline, and the
Portsmouth County Club of Ports-
mouth. He is a Unitarian, in politics
a Republican and is also a member of
the Ballot Law Commission. He is a
direct descendant, and his daughter,
Gretchen, the youngest living descend-
ant, of Ebenezer Eastman, first settler
of Concord.

Robert Upton

A well known member of the New

Hampshire bar is Robert W. Upton,

born Feb. 3, 1884. He was educated

at the Boston University Law School,

Robert Upton

graduating in 1907 with the degree of
LL.B. (magna cum laude), and was
admitted to the Massachusetts bar

198

The Granite Monthly

on* February 15 and the New Hamp-
shire bar in July of the same year.
Mr. Upton has been a member of the
firms of Sargent, Niles & Upton and
Niles & Upton, the latter firm having
been dissolved January 1, 1914. He
represented Bow in the State Legis-
lature of 1911 and served on the Ways
and Means and the Judiciary com-
mittees.

He is a member of White Mountain
Lodge, I. O. O. F.; Bow Grange, P. of
H.; and the Wonolancet Club. Mr.
Upton married Martha G. Burroughs
September 18, 1912, and has one child,
Richard F.

Robert C. Murchie
Though still young in point of age
and practice, Robert C. Murchie is

Robert C. Murchie

today one of Concord's foremost
lawyers. He is the son of William
and Agnes J. (Kellie) Murchie and
was born January 22, 1885, in Scot-
land. His parents came to Concord
in 1888 and Mr. Murchie attended the
public schools of this city, being a
graduate of the Concord High School.
In 1909 he received the degree of LL.B.

from the law department of the Univer-
sity of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Re-
turning to Concord he was admitted to
the New Hampshire bar and immedi-
ately entered the office of Senator
Henry F. Hollis, later, in 1911, being
made a partner in the firm of Remick
& Hollis. Upon the dissolution of
that firm in 1912, Mr. Murchie became
a member of the firm of Hollis &
Murchie. In 1912 he was elected
county solicitor and was reelected in
1914.

While at Ann Arbor he was elected
a member of the Barristers Club and he
is also a member of the Concord Elks,
Red Men, Beaver Meadow Golf Club
and the Concord Canoe Club.

Alexander Murchie

Well known to Concord people is
Alexander Murchie, son of William
and Agnes J. (Kellie) Murchie, born
in Scotland March 1, 1887. He came
to this country with his parents in
1888, and received his early education
in the public schools of Concord,

Alexander Murchie

graduating from Concord High School
ia the class of 1906. Mr. Murchie

The Professional Life of Concord

199

then studied at the University of
Michigan Law School for the years
of 1906-07 and 1907-08. He 'com-
pleted his studies in the office of
Henry F. Hollis and was admitted
to the New Hampshire bar in June,
1909. Two years later, July 20, 1911,
Mr. Murchie was elected city solicitor
of Concord, and still serves the city
in that capacity to the complete satis-
faction of all its citizens. He is a
member of the firm of Hollis &
Murchie, with offices at the corner of
Capital and State streets.

Harry F. Lake

Mr. Lake was born in Pembroke,
N. H., November 28, 1876, the son of
Moses R. and Mary J. (Batchelder)
Lake. He was educated in the dis-
trict schools of Pembroke and Pem-
broke Academy, graduating in the
class of 1894. He then taught school
one year. Entering Middlebury (Vt.)
College, he graduated with the class
of 1899, taught school two years and
then took up the study of law in

admitted to the bar in 1904 and be-
came immediately associated with
Mitchell & Foster, attorneys. In
1906 Mr. Lake became a partner,
under the firm name of Mitchell,
Foster & Lake, continuing until 1910,
when Mr. Mitchell withdrew from the
firm to become associate justice of
the Superior Court; since when he
has been in the general practice of
the law, with William A. Foster,
under the firm name of Foster &
Lake.

George V. Hill
George V. Hill, Esq., came to Con-
cord thirteen years ago to serve as

Harry F. Lake

the office of Hon. John M. Mitchell,
and at Boston University. He was

George V. Hill

city editor of the Concord Monitor
during the constitutional convention
and session of the legislature of 1902-
03. Four years later he was admitted
to the New Hampshire bar, and has
since been in active practice of law
in the State Capital Bank Building.
Mr. Hill was born in Deerfield in
this state, November 3, 1875, and
was educated at the Haverhill (Mass.)
High School, Phillips Andover Acad-
emy, and Dartmouth College, not
graduating from the latter. His

200

The Granite Monthly

activities since leaving college, to
enlist as a private in the Eighth
Massachusetts Volunteers, the day
war was declared against Spain in
1898, have covered a broad field of
endeavor. He represented the Bos-
ton Globe while serving as an enlisted
man in the army of occupation in
Cuba, and, after the war, was with
the Globe in Boston. Later he was
on the staff of the Haverhill (Mass.)
Gazette, and for nine years, with the
exception of six months with the
Concord Monitor, was connected with
the Manchester Union in some capac-
ity. Mr. Hill continued to manage
the Concord bureau of the Union
two years after he began the practice
of law, and still exercises an active
membership in the New Hampshire
Press Association. He organized the
present Publishing Company of the
New Hampshire Patriot in 1910 and
retains an interest in that concern.

In social and fraternal circles Mr.
Hill has a wide affiliation. The
United Spanish War Veterans re-
ceive his first attention, and he is
also a member of the Sons of the
American Revolution, and of the
Colonial Wars, is a Mason, an Elk,
a member of the Grange, and other
fraternal organizations, the Wono-
lancet Club and several athletic and
country clubs.

In politics Mr. Hill has always been
a Republican without any of the
popular frills. He is married and has
two children.

William Lyman Stevens
A Concord man well known in law
circles is William L. Stevens, youngest
son of the late Hon. Lyman D.
Stevens. He was born in this city
April 5, 1880, and was educated in
the public schools, Phillips Andover
Academy and Dartmouth College,
graduating from the latter institution
in 1903 with the degree of A.B. To
further his study of law Mr. Stevens
then entered the Harvard Law School
and, in 1906, the degree of LL.B. was
conferred upon him. In December

of the same year he was admitted to*
the New Hampshire bar and, on
January 1, 1907, entered the office of
Leach, Stevens & Couch. A few
years later Mr. Leach retired from the
firm and January 1, 1915, Mr. Stevens
became the junior member of the-
firm of Stevens, Couch & Stevens.

He is a member of the Psi Upsilon
Fraternity, Casque and Gauntlet
Society, Wonolancet Club and the
Beaver Meadow Golf Club. October
2,1 1914, Mr. Stevens was married

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William L. Stevens

to Miss Marion Barrows Adams of
Dorchester, Mass. In politics he is a
Republican.

Robert Jackson
Among Concord's younger attor-
neys who have made a creditable rec-
ord for themselves in professional and
other lines, is Robert Jackson, the jun-
ior member of the firm of Remick &
Jackson, who was born in Dover,
May 21, 1880, son of James R. and
Lydia (Drew) Jackson. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of Little-
ton and Dartmouth College, grad-
uating in 1900. Mr. Jackson then

The Professional Life of Concord

201

"became associated with Judge Aldrich
of the United States District and
•Circuit courts as secretary, with head-

Robert Jackson

quarters in Boston, still pursuing his
studies in law. He was admitted to
the New Hampshire bar in 1907 and
since has been associated in the prac-
tice of his profession with Judge James
W. Remick.

He married Dorothy, daughter of
Hon. Oliver E. Branch of Manchester,
and has two children, Sarah and Hope.
Mr. Jackson is a member of the Beta
Theta Pi Fraternity and while in
Boston was a member of the First
Corps of Cadets, M. V. M.

Robert M. Wright

Robert M. Wright, associated in
the practice of law with Allen Hollis,
is one of the most substantial of
Concord's younger lawyers. A de-
scendant of old New England parent-
age, Mr. Wright has always made
his home on the farm in Sanborn-
ton which has been owned by his
family for a century and a quarter.
He thus retains his rural environ-
ments, yet comes in daily contact

with city life while practising his pro-
fession.

After attending the public schools
in Sanbornton, Mr. Wright grad-
uated from Franklin High School and
entered New Hampshire College, from
which institution he was graduated in
1900.

Following graduation he taught
school in Hill and Belmont, N. H., be-
ing principal of the grammar school
in the latter town. After a period
as instructor at the Stearns School
for Boys at Hartford, Conn., he
engaged in business in Hill for a
period of four years. After a short
period of business life he took up the
study of law in the office of Streeter
& Hollis at Concord and attended
Boston University Law School in
1910. When Mr. Allen Hollis with-
drew from the firm, Mr. Wright con-
tinued his studies with him, being ad-
mitted to the bar, in 1912. He has
since continued with Mr. Hollis. Mr.
AVright was a member of the Consti-

Robert M. Wright

tutioi;al convention of 1912 and Re-
publican member of the last legisla-
ture from Sanbornton.

202

The Granite Monthly

Frank G. Driscoll
Among the most popular of Con-
cord's young attorneys is Frank G.
Driscoll, son of David J. and Kath-

J. Joseph Doherty.

J. Joseph Doherty, one of Concord's
most popular young men and one of
three successful candidates at the
December, 1914, bar examination is
the youngest member of the New
Hampshire bar in practice in Concord.
Mr. Doherty was born in Concord,
July 18, 1890, and is the son of Mr.
and Mrs. Cornelius Doherty. He
was educated in the Parochial and
Concord High Schools, graduating
in 1909, and,' later studied law with
Martin, Howe & Donigan, and at
Boston University Law School.

Mr. Doherty is state advocate of
the Knights of Columbus, and a

Frank G. Driscoll

erine (McLaughlin) Driscoll, born in
Penacook, August 7, 1892. He re-
ceived his early education in the
schools of Penacook and later entered
the University of Maine where he
graduated with the degree of LL.B.
in 1914. Mr. Driscoll was one of the
few successful candidates who applied
for admission to the New Hampshire
bar in June, 1914. It was in Septem-
ber of the same year that he opened
his office at 65 North Main Street
and has enjoyed an extensive prac-
tice, having made a large number of
friends in this city. Mr. Driscoll is

at the present time the youngest gaged in the general practice of law
member of the state bar. at 3 Depot Street.

J. Joseph Doherty

member of the Ancient Order of
Hibernians. At present he is en-

Tie Professional Life of Concord

203

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION

When the site, upon which stands
the present Capital City of New
Hampshire was first settled, very
little thought was directed towards
the physical welfare of the people.
In those days disease was considered
a menace, but as far as can be learned
nothing but advice was obtainable,
and that from the nearest farmer. Of
course the Indian remedies were in
existence, but very few people had
faith in the Redskins whom they
considered their deadly enemies.
Sickness was attended to by some
kind neighbor, the settlers giving
freely to one another. The colony
is said to have been without a medical

inently connected with the affairs of
the town and frequently served as
moderator, town clerk and selectman,
also holding the office of the justice
of the peace. He practised medicine
in this vicinity twenty-seven years,
and died September 17, 1767. It
cannot be ascertained whether Doctor
Carter had any contemporaries, but a
Doctor Emery is mentioned as a
short-time resident.

Doctor Carter's real successor was
Dr. Philip Carrigain, or McCarrigan,
who came to Concord in 1768. He
was distinguished as a surgecn, but
in those days the science was far
different from the present time, it
being stated that a carpenter's saw

Margaret Pillsbury General Hospital

adviser for at least fourteen years,
when Dr. Henry Rolfe came, and,
having spent the winter here, and
suffering from cold and the want
of suitable provisions, it is sup-
posed that he returned to Massachu-
setts.

The first physician to settle in
Concord was Dr. Ezra Carter, known
as the Elder. He was a young man
and came from Salisbury, Mass.,
having studied medicine with Doctor
Ordway in that town. At that time
Concord had a population of about
250 and they were scattered from Bow
to Canterbury, it being quite likely
that his practice extended to these
towns. Doctor Carter was prom-

and a sharp knife were quite a com-
plement of tools for amputation.

As time went on more men became
interested in the study of medicine.
A medical college was opened in the
state and later the New Hampshire
Medical Society was formed. The
early history of the society shows
that its object was understood by
neither the public nor the members,
and it is to the valiant few who held
together in spite of discouraging cir-
cumstances that the medical pro-
fession of today owes more than it
can tell.

In 1834, on the grounds now occu-
pied by the residence of the Hon.
Benjamin A. Kimball, was estab-

204

The Granite Monthly

lished Concord's first hospital, the
Thompsonian Infirmary, which existed
but a few years. This institution was
followed by the Concord Botanic
Infirmary, the Water Cure Estab-
lishment and the Improved Move-
ment Cure Institute of New York, all
of which lasted but a few years each.
In 1830 the condition of the insane
in New Hampshire awakened much
interest but each year the legislature
failed to pass measures to remedy the
situation. It was not until 1842 that
the institution was established and Dr.
George Chandler was given the super-

Dr. Granville P. Conn

intendency. He was succeeded by
Dr. Andrew McFarland and Dr. John
E. Tyler, the latter being succeeded
by Dr. Jesse P. Bancroft who seived
the state from 1857 to 1883, when
his son, Dr. Charles P. Bancroft, the
present superintendent, took charge
of the institution.

Dr. Edward H. Parker of Concord,
a scholarly physician, was the first
editor and publisher of a monthly
medical journal, the New Hamp-
shire Journal of Medicine. The first

issue appeared in March, 1850, and
it was published by Doctor Parker
until October, 1853, when he accepted
a professorhsip in the New York
Medical College. The publication
passed in several hands in the next
few years and in 1858 went out of
existence.

In 1843 the practice of homeopathy
was introduced by Dr. Augustus
Frank, a German. His stay in Con-
cord was brief but others entered the
field, among whom was Dr. Ferd
Gustav Oehme who later had printed
a book called "The Domestic Phy-
sician," which was published by the
late Edson C. Eastman.

The physicians of the town adopted
their first table of fees on January 1,
1867, and among the nineteen signers
were Drs. Granville P. Conn and
Jacob H. Gallinger.

In 1884 the Margaret Pillsbury
General Hospital was established,
it being the first general hospital in
the state. Much credit for the estab-
lishment of this institution is due Dr.
Shadrach C. Morrill, who went among
his friends and secured pledges of
money before active steps were taken
to organize the hospital association.
The institution has grown contin-
uously since it was opened and today
Concord is proud of its fine showing.

The constant and successful en-
deavors of the men who at one time
made up the medical fraternity of
Concord paved the way for the pres-
ent generation, who, keeping abreast
of the times, have placed this city in
the foremost ranks in the medical
world.

Dr. Granville P. Conn.
The dean of the medical profession,
though not. at the present time a
resident of this city, is Dr. Granville
P. Conn. He was born in Hills-
borough, January 25, 1832, of mingled
Scotch, Irish and English ancestry.
He was educated in the common
schools, Francestown and Pembroke
academies, and had completed two
years of study in the civil engineering

The Professional Life of Concord

205

course at Norwich Military Academy
when ill health compelled him to
withdraw from the academy. He
began his study of medicine with Dr.
H. B. Brown of Hartford, Vt., at-
tended two courses of medical lectures
at Woodstock, Vt., and received his
degree of M. D. from the Dartmouth
Medical School in 1856, when he
began his practice in East Randolph,

years went on, his usefulness con-
stantly increased. He was a member
of several medical and fraternal or-
ganizations and has held a prominent
place in the work accomplished by
them. Doctor Conn retired from
active life a short time ago and in
August, 1914, left this city for Haver-
ford, Pa., where he has since made
his home with his son.

Dr. Irving A. Watson

Vt., continuing it at Richmond, in
the same state, until August 19, 1862,
when he was commissioned assistant-
surgeon in the Twelfth Vermont Vol-
unteers; serving with this regiment in
the field, he was mustered out of the
United States service in 1863. He
came to Concord the same year.

Doctor Conn immediately, upon
his coming to Concord, became promi-
nent in medical affairs and, as the

Dr. Irving Allison Watson
Since its organization, in 1881, the
affairs of the State Board of Health
have been conducted in a most
efficient manner by Dr. Irving Allison
Watson. He was born in Salisbury,
N. H., September 6, 1849, and is the
son of Porter Baldwin, born at
Corinth, Vt., July 13, 1825, and Luvia
E. (Ladd) Watson; grandson of Itha-
mar Watson, born at Weare, and

DR. FERDINAND A. STILLINGS

The Professional Life of Concord

207

great-grandson of Caleb Watson, born
at Hampstead, this state, and who
served in the Revolutionary War.
The doctor received his preliminary
education in the common schools of
New Hampshire, and at the Newbury
(Vt.) Seminary and Collegiate In-
stitute, later attending lectures at
the Dartmouth Medical College and
at the medical department of the
University of Vermont, graduating
M. D. from the latter institution in
1871 and receiving the degree of A.M.
from Dartmouth in 1885.

As a physician, Doctor Watson
began his practice at Groveton (North-
umberland), N. H., and remained
there ten years, during which time he
was several years superintendent of
schools; was twice, 1879-81, repre-
sentative in the general court, and
was also surgeon to the Grand Trunk
Railway. He was largely instru-
mental in securing the passage of the
act creating the state board of health;
was appointed one of its members,
and at its organization in September,
1881, was elected secretary and execu-
tive officer of the board, in which
capacity he since been continued.

He is registrar of the vital statistics
of the state; has five times been
elected secretary of the American
Public Health Association; has been
president of the International Con-
ference of State and Provincial Boards
of Health; is a permanent member of
the American Medical Association,
honorary member of the Academia
Nacional de Medicina de Mexico, was
assistant secretary-general of the First
Pan-American Medical Congress,
member of the Societe Franchise
d'Hygiene of Paris, of the New
Hampshire Medical Society, the New
Hampshire Historical Society; is a
Mason, a Knight Templar, and is a
member of many other organizations.

Dr. Ferdinand A. Stillings

Since 1874 Concord has been very
proud to claim as one of her residents
Dr. Ferdinand A. Stillings, one of the
leading physicians as well as surgeons

of the state. He is the son of Anson
and Phoebe De Forest (Kenison) Still-
ings, and was born at Jefferson, March
30, 1849. The doctor was educated in
the schools of Jefferson, Lancaster
Academy and Dartmouth Medical
School, where he received his degree in
1870. In the same year he was ap-
pointed assistant physician at the Mc-
Lean Asylum in Somerville, Mass., and
three years later he pursued his
studies in the hospitals of London,
Paris and Dublin. Returning to
America in 1874, he settled in Con-
cord where he has built up a large
practice and has been frequently
called to other points as a surgeon
and consultant. Doctor Stillings is at
present advisory surgeon of the Mar-
garet Pillsbury Hospital, of the New
Hampshire Memorial Hospital for
AVomen and Children and is also
surgeon of the Boston & Maine Rail-
road. He served as surgeon-general
on the staff of Gov. Hiram A. Tuttle
and of Gov. Frank W. Rollins. While
in this capacity he reorganized the
hospital corps of the National Guard
and instituted regular drills, which
accounted for the competency of the
corps that accompanied the First New
Hampshire Regiment when the call
came for the Spanish War. In 1899
Dr. Stillings was chosen to represent
Ward Five in the General Court and
was returned in 1901, being instru-
mental at both sessions for the passing
of measures relating to public health
and hospital improvements. He also
caused to be passed a resolution
creating a commission to investigate
as to the advisability of establishing
a sanatorium for consumptives, which
reported favorably at the next session,
when the doctor represented the
tenth senatorial district.

He is an active and prominent
member in the American Medical
Association, New Hampshire Medical
Society, the New Hampshire Surgical
Club, Merrimack County and Centre
District Medical Society, Interna-
tional Association of Railway Sur-
geons, New York and New England

208

The Granite Monthly

Association of Railway Surgeons and
the American College of Surgeons.
Doctor Stillings is medical director of
the United Life and Accident Insur-
ance Company, a director of the
Mechanicks National Bank, and a
number of other corporations.

Dr. George Cook
One of the best-known physicians
of Concord is Dr. George Cook of 16
Centre Street, who has practiced
medicine in this city for the past
forty years. The scope of Doctor

Dr. George Cook

Cook's life has by no means been
limited, however, to the study and
practice of medicine, for he has been
a close student of men and affairs
both at home and abroad. Like other
New Hampshire men of his profes-
sion, Doctor Cook has found time
to assist in caring for the needs of
the body politic, and, as a staunch
Republican, has served the state in
numerous capacities. A country-
wide acquaintance among students
of his profession, gained through ex-
tensive travel in the United States,
has given him a broad, liberal mind

and an unfailing understanding of
human nature. Doctor Cook has
given freely of his time and talent to
further the upbuilding of Concord
and his kindly advice to numerous
young men, whom he has assisted
in one way and another to obtain a
higher education, has had a direct
beneficial influence on its citizenship.

Dr. George Cook was born in the
historic town of Dover, N. H., on
November 16, 1848, the son of Solo-
mon and Susan Ann (Hayes) Cook.
He was educated at Franklin Acad-
emy and Concord High School, com-
ing to this city at the age of fifteen
years. He read medicine with Dr.
Charles P. Gage and Dr. Granville P.
Conn, afterwards entering the Univer-
sity of Vermont College of Medicine.
He graduated from the Dartmouth
Medical College in 1869 and im-
mediately began practice at Henniker,
where he remained until 1870 when
he went to Hillsborough, where he
was in practice until he came to Con-
cord in May, 1875, as a practitioner.
In 1874 he was superintendent of
schools in Hillsborough.

From that time on honors in the
medical field came to Doctor Cook
with great regularity. He was made
assistant surgeon of the New Hamp-
shire National Guard in 1879; sur-
geon in 1882, medical director in 1884
and in 1893 and 1894 was Surgeon-
General on the staff of former Gov.
John B. Smith. From 1878 to 1884
Doctor Cook was city physician and,
during the administration of Presi-
dent Harrison, from 1889 to 1893,
he was pension examining surgeon.
At the time of the Spanish American
War, Doctor Cook was major and
chief surgeon of the First Division,
Second Army Corps, U. S. V. He
was a member of the New Hampshire
House of Representatives in 1883
and 1884. Since 1885 Doctor Cook
has been an inspector of the State
Board of Health and has been a mem-
ber of the staff of the Margaret Pills-
bury Hospital since the institution was
opened on October 20, 1884. He has

The Professional Life of Concord

209

been president of the New Hampshire
Medical Examining and Registration
Board since the law went into effect
in 1897.

Doctor Cook is a member of the
New Hampshire Medical Society,
Center District Medical Society, As-
sociation of Military Surgeons of the
United States, American Medical
Society and, from 1898 to 1908, was
Grand President of the Alpha Kappa
Kappa Medical Fraternity of which
he is now Grand Primarius and visit-
ing officer among the different chap-
ters in the United States and Canada.
In this capacity he visits the Pacific
Coast once every two years, and all
chapters east of the Mississippi once
a year.

Doctor Cook is a Mason and an
Odd Fellow, member of the Sons of
Veterans, New Hampshire Historical
Society, and has been a vestry-man at
St. Paul's Episcopal Church for the
past twenty-five years.

Dr. Chance y Adams

In the medical fraternity in this
city, probably there is no man better
or more favorably known than
Chancey Adams,' A.M., M.D., the son
of Benjamin and Eliza Briton (Sawyer)
Adams, who was born in North New
Portland, Me., March 15, 1861. He
belongs to a branch of the famous old
Massachusetts family of the same
name. Doctor Adams was educated
in the district schools of North Anson,
Me., and graduated from Anson
Acadenty in 1880. He next attended
the Waterville Classical Institute
(now Cob urn Classical Institute),
Waterville, Me., graduating in 1881,
when he became a student in Colby
University at Waterville, completing
his studies there in 1885. After
teaching in the district schools of
Embden, Waldoboro, and in the
Phillips High School, he entered the
Portland Medical School and later
the Maine Medical School, graduat-
ing from the latter institution in 1891.
In the same year he entered the

United States Marine Hospital at
Staten Island. Thence he went to
Taunton, Mass., as assistant physi-
cian in the Insane Hospital. It was
after he had taken a three months'
course in the Post-Graduate Medical
School and College of New York
City in 1893 that he opened an office
in Concord.

The doctor is a member of the
Merrimack County and Centre Dis-
trict Medical Society, New Hamp-
shire Medical Society, American Med-
ical Association and New Hampshire
Surgical Club.

Dr. Chancey Adams

In 1893 Dr. Adams married Laur-
inda Clara Coombs of Gloucester,
Mass. He has two children, Ed-
mund C. and Elizabeth B. Adams.
The doctor is a Mason, Knight of
Pythias, Shriner, a Son of the Ameri-
can Revolution; was city physician
in 1897-98; is a member of the
United States Pension Board of
Examiners and also medical referee
for Merrimack County.

DR. CHARLES RUMFORD WALKER

The Professional Life of Concord

211

Dr. Charles Rumford Walker

Interested in public affairs and con-
stantly working for the betterment of
the people of Concord is Dr. Charles
Rumford Walker, descendant in the
fourth generation from the Rev.
Timothy Walker, the first minister of
Concord. He was born in this city
February 13, 1852, and was fitted for
college at Phillips Exeter Academy
where he graduated in 1870. After
receiving his degree from Yale four
years later, he entered upon the study
of medicine at the Harvard Medical
School, graduating in 1878, in the
same year being appointed a member
of the house staff of the Boston City
Hospital, where he served as surgical
intern until January, 1879. In Feb-
ruary of the same year he went
abroad, in further pursuit of his pro-
fessional studies, and was matriculated
in the foremost institutions of Dublin,
London, Vienna and Strassburg, his
European studies occupying more
than two years. Returning to Con-
cord in March, 1881, the doctor estab-
lished a practice which has grown to
be one of the largest in this city.

Since the Margaret Pillsbury Hos-
pital was established, Doctor Walker
has been a member of its staff and is
at present on the consulting staff of
that institution. He has been physi-
cian at St. Paul's School and has served
a term as surgeon in the National
Guard. He is a member of several
medical societies including the New
Hampshire Medical Society, of which
he has been president; and the Amer-
ican Medical Association, and has
also been a member of the -National
Board of Health.

Doctor Walker is a trustee of the
New Hampshire Savings Bank, Rolfe
and Rumford Asylum, trustee and
treasurer of the Timothy and Abigail
B. Walker Free Lecture Fund. In
1892 he was elected a member of the
board of aldermen and in 1894 he was
chosen to represent Ward Five in the
General Court.

He was married January 18, 1888,
to Frances Sheafe of Boston, and

has two children, Sheafe Walker and
Charles R. Walker, Jr.

Dr. Marion L. Bugbee
A person of marked ability in the
professional circles of Concord is Dr.
Marion L. Bugbee. She is the daugh-
ter of Jonathan and Ellen (Lewis)
Bugbee born in Hartford, Vt., and
was educated at the Tilden Seminary
of West Lebanon, and in 1897 gradu-
ated from the Woman's Medical
College of the New York Infirmary.

Dr. Marion L. Bugbee

Doctor Bugbee was an intern at the
Memorial Hospital of Worcester in
1898, later going to her native home
in Hartford, Vt., where she remained
until 1907 when she took a post-
graduate course in the Post-Graduate
Hospital of New York City. It was
in the same year that the doctor took
charge of the Memorial Hospital of
this city, in which position she still
continues.

She is a member of the Merrimack
County and Centre District Medical
societies, American Medical Associa-
tion, chairman of the Public Health

DR. CHARLES P. BANCROFT

The Professional Life of Concord

213

Committee for the Federated Clubs
of New Hampshire and secretary of
the Public Health Educational Com-
mittee of the American Medical As-
sociation for New Hampshire. Doc-
tor Bugbee is also a member of the
Concord Woman's Club, Friendly
Club and the Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution.

Dr. Charles Parker Bancroft

New Hampshire is, indeed, fortu-
nate to have at the head of one of its
largest institutions Dr. Charles Parker
Bancroft, known country-wide as
one of the foremost alienists of the
present day. He is superintendent

Boston and in 1882 he was called by
the trustees of that State Hospital to
become superintendent and treasurer
of that institution. At that time
there were 260 patients whereas now
the number of people receiving treat-
ment at this institution exceeds 1,150.
Doctor Bancroft has been identified
with all of the progressive movements
for the care of the insane.

From 1890 he has been interested
in the general movement taking place
throughout the country for the state
care of the insane. This movement
contemplated their removal from the
county poorfarms and placing them
under the care of the state, where

The New Hospital Building

of the State Hospital, having suc-
ceeded his father in 1882. Doctor
Bancroft was born at St. Johnsbury,
Vt., January 11, 1852, the son of
Jesse P. Bancroft and Elizabeth
(Speare) Bancroft. His early educa-
tion was received in the common
schools of Concord, Phillips Andover
Academy, Harvard College, receiving
the degree of A.B. in 1874; and the
Harvard Medical School, from which
he graduated in June, 1878. He was
house officer at the Boston City
Hospital for eighteen months and was
an assistant in the New Hampshire
State Hospital nine months.

In the spring of 1879 the doctor
began his practice of medicine in

better provisions are possible for
better classification and scientific
study. This movement necessitated
additional buildings and these com-
prised the following: in 1900, the
Twitchell House, a building for con-
valescent patients; 1903, North and
South pavilions; 1905, a hospital
building for the accommodation of
165 patients, modeled after general
hospitals; 1907, the Kent and Peaslee
buildings for 175 patients; 1909, a
new heat and power plant; and 1911,
a building for industrial patients,,
accommodating 225.

Doctor Bancroft became interested
in the better training of nurses and
attendants and in 1888 established a.

214

The Granite Monthly

training school for nurses, modeled
on the lines of the general hospital
training schools. This training school
has a three-year course and it is af-
filiated with the best training schools
in New York City and graduates fif-
teen or more nurses each year, who
are qualified to assume head positions
in the State Hospital, or similar posi-
tions in other institutions, or to enter
into private nursing.

The Doctor became interested early
in the field of industrial training and
vocational employment for insane.
He established a shop many years
ago for the employment of men
patients in which many industries
are taught, such as broom and brush
making, cobbling and shoe making,
printing, weaving and making hosiery.
Women are similarly taught in various
kinds of needlework, basketry, rug
making and the like. Two industrial
teachers are employed and an annual
fair has been instituted in which the
products of these various industries
are sold to the public.

Under Doctor Bancroft, a patho-
logical laboratory and a modern,
up-to-date hydro-therapeutic room
has been established in the hospital
building for scientific study and the
better treatment of the patients.

For many years he has been very
interested in the colony care for the
insane, and at his suggestion the state
purchased about three hundred acres
of farm land four miles distant from
the hospital on whioh several patients
are employed throughout the year,
raising farm products for the main
hospital. This is intended to be the
nucleus of a larger and permanent
farm colony.

Doctor Bancroft is a member of
the New Hampshire Medical Society,
Boston Society for Psychiatry, and
Neurology, of the American Medico-
Psychological Association, of the New
England Society of Psychiatry, and
has been president of the three latter,
as well as the Boston City Hospital
Alumni Association.

He has been a frequent contributor

to these societies at their meetings
and is author of the following reprints
and other publications: Wood's "Ref-
erence Handbook of the Medical
Sciences," articles on the "Opium
Habit," the "Physical Expression of
Insanity," and a monograph on the
"General Symptomatology of In-
sanity." Doctor Bancroft has pub-
lished many other articles and has
been called upon quite frequently
to deliver addresses, among the most
noteworthy are: "Inquiry into the
Causes of Insanity, with Especial
Reference to Prevention and Treat-
ment," 1884; "Physical Basis of
Sin," 1894; "Automatic Muscular
Movements Among Insane," 1881;
" Sub-Conscious Homicide and Suicide,
Their Physiological Psychology," 1898;
"Legal and Medical Insanity," 1900;
"Paresis," 1904; "Reconciliation of
the Disparity Between Hospital and
Asylum Trained Nurses," 1904; "Re-
ception Hospitals and Psychopathic
Wards in State Hospitals for the In-
sane," 1907; presidential address,
"Hopeful and Discouraging Aspects of
the Psychiatric Outlook," 1908;
"Women Nurses on Male Wards in
Hospitals for the Insane," 1908; "Is
there an Increase Among the Dement-
ing Psychoses?" 1913; "Some Perils
Confronting the State Care of the In-
sane."

Through the efforts of Doctor
Bancroft, the New Hampshire State
Hospital today is recognized as one
of the foremost institutions in the
country for care of the insane. His
progressive methods have ofttimes
been cited as models and adopted by
various institutions.

Orlando B. Douglas, M.D.

In September, 1901, Concord wel-
comed to her confines Orlando B.
Douglas, M.D., of New York City.
He is the son of Amos and Almira
(Balcom) Douglas, born in Cornwall,
Vt., September 12, 1836. His edu-
cation was obtained in the common
schools of his native state and Bran-
don Seminary. Later he taught

The Professional Life of Concord

215

school three winters and in summers
assisted his father in the lumber
business and farming. In 1858 he
went to Brunswick, Mo., and began
the study of his profession. He was
a participant in the terrifying turmoil
in Missouri at the beginning of the
Civil War, in 1861. In September he
enlisted in the Eighteenth Regiment,
Missouri Infantry, and saw some hard
service; was twice wounded, once at
the battle of Shiloh in 1862, being sent
to friends in New England when he
recovered. In Jul} he reported to the
Washington Park Hospital, Cincin-
nati, O.; was assigned to Provost
Marshal duty till November, when he
returned to his regiment at Corinth,
Miss., where he was appointed Adju-
tant of his regiment. Later, by spe-
cial order of Gen. Grant, he was
assigned to Gen. Bayne's Brigade as
A. A. A. G.

In 1876 Doctor Douglas removed
to New York City, where for twenty-
five years he was active in professional
and medical circles. A certificate
presented to Doctor Douglas in 1891,
on the occasion of his trip to the north
of Europe, states over the signatures
of officers of different organizations,
that he was at that time holding the
following positions: that he was a
graduate of the University Medical
College of New York; treasurer of the
New York Academy of Medicine;
professor in the Post-Graduate Medi-
cal School and Hospital; surgeon to
the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat
Hospital; was a member of the board
of directors of the New York Physi-
cians' Mutual Aid Association, and
member of the Medical Society of
the State of New York, and of its
Committee on Publications.

Doctor Douglas is a member of
the New Hampshire Medical Society,
of the American Medical Association,
honorary member of the Vermont
Medical Society, and of numerous
other kindred associations. He is
author of various medical papers,
largely on subjects connected with
his specialty, diseases of the ear, nose

and throat. He was surgeon of
Reno Post in New York City for
twenty-five years, and member of the
G. A. R. since August 25, 1868; is a
Companion of the First Class, Loyal
Legion of America. He is past com-
mander, Department of New Hamp-
shire, G. A. R.; is a 32d degree Mason
and of the A. A. O. N. M. S.; is a
Baptist; a Republican in politics; has
been a member of the State Executive
Committee of the N. H. Y. M. C. A.
since 1903, and president of the New

Orlando B. Douglas, M.D.

Hampshire Orphans' Home, in Frank-
lin, ten years.

In September, 1875, he married
Maria Manson Tiddy, who won fame
as an army nurse in the Civil War.
Mrs. Douglas was a very able woman
and at the time of her death, on Jan.
11, 1913, was president of the National
Association of Army Nurses of the
Civil War, past chaplain of the Wo-
man's Relief Corps and chaplain of the
New Hampshire Department, Wo-
man's Relief Corps.

On May 3 of this year Dr. Douglas
was appointed Medical Director of
the National Association, Survivors of
the Battle of Shiloh.

The Professional Life of Concord

217

Loren A. Sanders, M.D.

Loren Addison, only child of George
S. and Prudence S. (Parker) Sanders,
was born July 5, 1874, in Grafton,
where he began his education. He
later attended the public schools of
Wilmot and New London. At the
age of eighteen he came to Concord
and entered the employ of the Abbott-
Downing Company. Doctor Sanders
had been in this city but one year and
six months when he decided to take
up the study of medicine, and, to
prepare himself for his chosen profes-
sion, he entered Tilton Seminary in
1893. After graduating from this
institution, the doctor went to New
York City where he continued his
studies in the Bellevue Medical Col-
lege, which about this time became
merged with the medical department
of New York University. On May
16, 1899, he graduated from that
institution, following which he came
to Concord and at once became
associated in practice with one of the
most eminent physicians and sur-
geons of the state, Dr. Granville P.
Conn. Doctor Sanders from the first
gave special attention to surgery, in
which department he has been very
successful, and is today an attending
surgeon on the staff of the Margaret
Pillsbury General Hospital, and sur-
geon to the New Hampshire Memorial
Hospital for Women and Children.

He is a member of the New Hamp-
shire Medical Society, Merrimack
County and Centre District Medical
Society, New Hampshire Surgical
Club, New York and New England
Association of Railway Surgeons, and
is a fellow in the American College of
Surgeons, and is Medical Examiner
for the United Life, Columbian Life,
John Hancock, Penn Mutual, and
other life insurance companies. He
is a Mason, a Baptist, and in politics
a Republican. He has been a mem-
ber of the board of health, has served
four years in the city common
council, two years as alderman, and
was a member of the General Court,
1911-12.

On September 29, 1898, Doctor
Sanders married Margaret A. Clough
of Warner, N. H., daughter of Reuben
and Mary Elizabeth (Clark) Clough.

Dr. Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens

The first woman of Concord birth
to establish herself as a physician in
this city was Dr. Jane Elizabeth
Hoyt-Stevens. She was a student at
Wellesley Medical College in 1879-
83, and a graduate of the Woman's
Medical College of the New York
Infirmary (Blacknell College) in New
York City, class of 1890.

Dr. J. Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens

The doctor visited hospitals in
England and Scotland during the
summer of 1890 and was a resident
physician at Lassell Seminary in
1890-91 and in 1892-93, Doctor Hoyt
worked at the University of Vienna
under Professor Schauter, Hertzfeld,
Kaposi and Lukasieweiz.

Returning to Concord she opened
an office at her ancestral home on
North State Street in June, 1893, and
was appointed consulting physician
on the medical staff of the Margaret
Pillsbury Hospital in 1896. She re-
signed the position in 1899 for the
purpose of spending an unlimited
time in Europe, remaining abroad

218 •

The Granite Monthly

nearly three years. About one half
of this period was given to lectures
and laboratory work in the University
of Leipsic under Professors Chun,
Wundt and Schmarsow, while nine
months were devoted to travel in
North Africa, Tunis, Algiers, and the
Sahara desert.

Doctor Hoyt returned to America
and to Concord where she unexpect-
edly resumed the practice of her pro-
fession in June, 1902. In April, 1906,
she went as delegate from the New
Hampshire State Medical Society
to the International Medical Con-
gress, then meeting in Lisbon, Portu-
gal. After the Congress, which con-
tinued one week, she traveled three
months through Spain, and went again
into North Africa to Morocco and
Algiers.

On June 26, 1907, the doctor mar-
ried George W. Stevens of Clare-
mont, since which time she has con-
tinued with office practice only.

Dr. Russell Wilkins

Doctor Wilkins, a son of the late
Chaplain E. R. Wilkins, was born
in Amesbury, Mass., April 23, 1873,
and upon removal to Concord be-
came a pupil in the public schools,
graduating from the high school in
1891. Choosing the profession of
medicine and surgery as a life work,
he entered Dartmouth Medical Col-
lege, and graduated from that insti-
tution in the class of November, 1895.
He became the house officer of Cam-
bridge Hospital in the following year,
and in 1897 began the practice of
medicine in Concord, in which he still
continues.

He early manifested an interest in
military affairs, and in 1898 was com-
missioned first lieutenant and assistant
surgeon in the First New Hampshire
Volunteers. He now holds the com-
mission of major in the medical de-
partment of the New Hampshire
National Guard, and for three years
has been acting surgeon-general.

Doctor Wilkins served as a mem-
ber of the Concord Board of Health

for six years, the last two as president.
Pie is president of the Centre Dis-
trict and Merrimack County Medical
Society, a member of the New Hamp-
shire Medical Society and the Ameri-
can Medical Association, and one of
the staff of the Margaret Pillsbury
General Hospital. In 1913 he repre-
sented his ward in the state legisla-
ture.

Dr. Russell Wilkins

In 1903 he married Grace M. Thur-
ber of Penacook, and hopes to be
survived by his two children, Daniel
and Dorothy.

Dr. John McClure Gove

Dr. John McClure Gove, the pio-
neer osteopathic physician of New
Hampshire, has been engaged in
practice since 1900, in Concord, and
was the first osteopath to locate per-
manently in the state.

Doctor Gove was born in Raymond,
N. H., in 1872, the son of Samuel
and Mary (McClure) Gove. He was
fitted for college at Sanborn Seminary,
Kingston, N. H., and entered Boston
University in 1892, from which insti-
tution he received the degree of Bach-

The Professional Life of Concord

219

elor of Arts in 1896, and continued
in the same institution for post-grad-
uate study for another year. He was
graduated from the Boston Institute
of Osteopathy in 1900, and immedi-
ately came to Concord. In 1909 he
took a special course of study in
Massachusetts College of Osteopathy
(formerly the Boston Institute of
Osteopathy) and received the degree
of Doctor of Osteopathy in 1910.
Doctor Gove was one of the organ-

He graduated from Concord High
School in 1891 and received the degree
of M.D., from Boston University in
1896. He located in Attleboro, Mass.,
immediately following graduation and
practised there until October, 1905,
when he removed to Concord.

He was married to Grace F. Page
of Concord on June 29, 1898. They
have two children, John Page Amsden
and Edward Daggett Amsden. Doc-
tor Amsden is a member of the Center

Dr. John McClure Gove

izers of the New Hampshire Osteo-
pathic Society and is at present its
president. He is also a member of
the New England Osteopathic Asso-
ciation and of the American Osteo-
pathic Association. He took a very
active part in securing the passage of
the medical law at the last session of
the legislature, which provides a uni-
form standard of examination for all
doctors and which raises the educa-
tional qualifications required of all
practitioners coming into the state.

Dr. Henry H. Amsden
Henry H. Amsden, M.D., was born
in Penacook, N. H., July 15, 1872.

Dr. Henry H. Amsden

District Medical Society, New Hamp-
shire Medical Society, New Hamp-
shire Surgical Club, and American
Medical Association, and is assistant
visiting physician to the Margaret'
Pillsbury General Hospital. He is a
member of the First Congregational
Church, and a Mason and Odd Fellow.

Dr. Frank Willard Grafton

Prominent among the members of
the medical fraternity of this city is
Dr. Frank W. Grafton, who was born
in Gilford, N. H., the son of James
and Mary Jane (Collins) Grafton.
He attended the public schools and re-
ceived private instruction before he

220

The Granite Monthly

entered the Bryant & Stat ton Business
College in Manchester, after which
he taught school for two years in Bow.
The doctor took a further course of
instruction in the Concord High
School and entered the medical de-
partment of Dartmouth College in
1893, graduating two years later. In
November, 1896, he began his prac-
tice in Concord, in association with the
late Dr. E. H. Foster, and has been

the New Hampshire Surgical Club,
and is also a fellow in the American
College of Surgeons. He is also iden-
tified with Bow Grange, P. of H.;
Masons, including the Shrine; Odd
Fellows; United Order of Pilgrim
Fathers and Knights of the Ancient
Essenic Order.

Doctor Grafton was married De-
cember 19, 1896, to Edith Mathilde
MacDowell, of Champlain, N. Y.

Dr. Frank W. Grafton

most successful, at present enjoying
a large practice and having innu-
merable friends. Doctor Grafton is at
present an attending surgeon on the
staff of the Margaret Pillsbury Hospi-
tal.

In politics he is a Republican and
has the distinction of having been the
first Republican town clerk of Bow.
The doctor is a member of the Merri-
mack County Medical Society, New
Hampshire State Medical Society,
the American Medical Association,

Dr. Robert J. Graves
Among Concord's most successful
physicians and surgeons is Dr. Robert
Graves. Though still a young man
his accomplishments in the field of
medicine and surgery have attracted
wide interests. The doctor was born
in Boscawen, June 22, 1878, the son
of Eli E. and Martha (Williams)
Graves. He received his education
in the Concord High School and
Harvard College, graduating from the
latter institution with the degree of

The Professional Life of Concord

221

A. B. His attention then turned to
the study of medicine, entering the
Harvard Medical School, where he
received the degree of M. D. in 1903.
During his last year at the medical
school he was the prosector of anat-
omy. The doctor's hospital experi-
ence has been quite extended and has
been in connection with some of the
most prominent institutions of the
country, including the Massachusetts
General Hospital, where he served as

The doctor is a member of the New
Hampshire Medical Society, Massa-
chusetts Medical Society, Aescula-
pian Club, New Hampshire Surgical
Club, and is a fellow in the American
College of Surgeons. He is a member
of several fraternal organizations, in-
cluding the Masons and Shrine, Odd
Fellows, Elks and the Grange. He is
a Republican in politics and is a
member of the South Congregational
Church.

Dr. Robert J. Graves

house surgeon for two years, the
Boston Lying-in Hospital and the
Bournewood Private Hospital, having
been assistant in the latter institution.
On November 28, 1904, Dr. Graves
came to Concord to practice medicine
and during his stay here has made
friends with everybody he has come
in contact with. His clientele is one
of the most extensive and includes all
classes and conditions. He is an
assistant on the surgical staff of the
Margaret Pillsbury Hospital.

Doctor Graves married Helen McG.
Ayers, October 10, 1905, and has three
children, Katharine, Jane Phillips
and John Kimball.

Dr. W. Preston Beauclerk
In the foremost ranks of the medical
profession in this city is Dr. W. Pres-
ton Beauclerk, the son of Sydney W.
Beauclerk and Elizabeth (Yates)
Beauclerk, who was born in Troy,
N. Y., June 9, 1875. His early educa-
tion was received in the Lyndon

222

The Granite Monthly

Institute of Lyndon, Vt., following
which he took a course at Norwich
University in Northfield, Vt. Hav-
ing decided to follow the medical
profession, the doctor entered the
University of Vermont where he
received his degree of M.D. in 1896.
Later in the same year he came to
New Hampshire to practice medicine,
opening an office in Contoocook. For
seven years Doctor Beauclerk enjoyed
an extensive practice in that village

a member of the surgical staff
of the Margaret Pillsbury General
Hospital and is prominently con-
nected with the Merrimack County
and Centre District Medical Soci-
ety, the New Hampshire State Med-
ical Society, the American Medical
Association and the New Hampshire
Surgical Club.

He is a Mason, an Elk, a member
of the Wonolancet Club, Loyal Order
of Moose, and the Sons of St. George.

Dr. W. Preston Beauclerk

and made a large circle of friends.
Wishing to increase the field of his
medical activities, he came to Con-
cord in 1903, where he has since been
located. Dr. Beauclerk has always
taken a deep interest in the affairs of
Concord and has done all in his power
to promote movements that were for
the benefit of the city and the people
in general. His practice is one of
the largest and most exclusive in the
city.
At the present time the doctor is

Dr. Fred A. Sprague

Among the prominent young Con-
cord physicians is Dr. Fred A. Sprague,
who was born in Pembroke November
9, 1873, the son of Alvah S. and Eliza
A. (Snell) Sprague, both families
being of Revolutionary stock. He
received his early education in the
schools of Claremont and this city,
also by private tutoring. Doctor
Sprague entered the Baltimore Medi-
cal College in 1902, where he received
his degree of M. D. While in college

The Professional Life of Concord

223

he was a member of the A. 0. D.
fraternity. The doctor was an intern
at the Maryland General Hospital for
one year and, after passing the Mary-
land State Board and the New Hamp-
shire Board he began his practice of
medicine and surgery in Concord
October 1, 1906, and, during the past
three years, has made a specialty of
X-ray work. He has been a member
of the board of health for seven years
and is also a member of the Spanish
War Veterans, and several other medi-
cal and fraternal societies.

from Tufts College Medical School
in 1902, opening an office in Boston
in the same year. While in that city
the doctor had clinical experience at
various hospitals and dispensaries
and returned to his native city in 1905.
Dr. Clarke is an assistant physician
on the medical staff of the Margaret
Piflsbury General Hospital and a con-
sulting physician of the Pembroke
Sanatorium.

He is a member of the Merrimack
County and Centre District Medical
Society, a fellow of the New Hamp-

Dr. Fred A. Sprague

On July 7, 1903, Doctor Sprague
married Jennie C. Brown, the daugh-
ter of Charles W. and Lecretia C.
Brown of Concord. Previous to mar-
riage Mrs. Sprague was a teacher in
Concord schools for seven years.

Dr. George Haven Clarke.

Doctor Clarke was born in Concord,
the son of David E. Clarke, a long-
time dry goods dealer of this city, and
Henrietta S. Clarke. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of this
city, had private tuition in Boston
and received his degree of M.D.,

Dr. George H. Clarke

shire Medical Society and the Ameri-
can Medical Association, a member
of the National Association for the
Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis,
a member of the New Hampshire
Historical Society, and the Wono-
lancet Club.

Dr. Oramel Henry Stanley

One of the city's younger physi-
cians is Oramel H. Stanley, who was
born in Fryeburg, Me., July 11, 1887,
the elder son of Charles Edward and
Grace (Evans) Stanley. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of Frye-

224

The Granite Monthly

burg and Fryeburg Academy, grad-
uated from Bowdoin College with
degree of A.B., and the degree of M.D.
was conferred upon him at Bowdoin
Medical School. Doctor Stanley was
house physician at the Maine General
Hospital, studied at the New York
Lying-in Hospital and is at present
an assistant on the surgical staff of
the Margaret Pillsbury General Hos-

%Wm R

Dr. Oramel H. Stanley

1913

pital. He came to Concord in
and in politics is a Republican.

The Doctor is a member of the
Beta Theta Pi and Phi Chi frater-
nities, Merrimack County and Centre
District Medical Society, New Hamp-
shire State Medical Society, New
Hampshire Surgical Club, and is a
Mason.

Dr. Charles H. Dolloff
Doctor Dolloff was born in Cam-
bridge, Mass., December 29, 1877.
He was educated in the public schools
of Cambridge and Everett and at
Dartmouth Medical School, grad-
uating in 1903. The doctor has been
an intern in the United States Public
Health and Marine Hospital Service.

In 1905 he came to Concord and has
since been connected with the New
Hampshire State Hospital. Doctor
Dolloff acted as superintendent of
that institution from January 1, 1915,
until the reinstatement of Doctor
Bancroft in the middle of May.
He is a Mason and a member of

Dr. Charles H. Dolloff

the New Hampshire State Medical
Society.

The New Hampshire Memorial
Hospital for Women and
Children.
This beneficent institution, the
only hospital in the state managed
by and for women, is now in its
twentieth year. It was incorporated
September 12, 1895, largely through
the efforts of Dr. Julia Wallace-Russell
who began medical practice in Concord
in 1878, the first woman physician in
the capital, and one of the very earl-
iest in the state. Miss Mary Ann
Downing, whose life was devoted to

The Professional Life of Concord

225

good works, helped Dr. Wallace-
Russell to realize her dream, and
became the first president of the
new undertaking. The hospital was
opened to patients, October 10, 1896.
From that time till August 31, 1914,
the date of the last annual report,
2,347 patients have been received,
and forty-two nurses have been grad-
uated from the training-school.

The permanent funds now amount
to $33,283.34, including six endowed
free beds. As showing the stated-wide
interest in the hospital, it may be
mentioned that of the six women pro-
viding these free beds two lived
in Newport, and one each in Man-
chester, Dover, Hopkinton and Pem-
broke. The original house, 66 South
Street, purchased in 1896 for $7,000,
is still the home of the hospital. It
has been several times remodelled and
enlarged, but it has never lost its
homelike look. The number of pa-
tients has steadily increased -till the
accommodations have been strained
almost to the bursting point. Last
year, 1913-14, 258 patients were
cared for, more than double the
number, 127, received in 1905-06.
The latter number was four times as
great as during the first year when
thirty-one only were enrolled.

The hospital has been fortunate
in its location, facing on two streets
with a large plot of land to the south,
shaded by graceful elms, and an ample
garden in the rear. The double
piazzas, recently added by Mrs.
Mary W. Truesdell, one of the trus-
tees, are most helpful in bringing
additional sun and air to the patients.
The demand for accommodations has
become so great that last summer four
nurses slept in a tent on the lawn while
the superintendent and night nurses
have had to seek quarters outside the
building. It is to relieve this pressure

that the Dickerman propert} 7 , a
comfortable house and land adjoining
the hospital on the north, has recently
been acquired. The great present
need of the hospital is a separate
maternity department. There were
forty-five babies born in the main
building last year; and the Hospital
Associates are hopeful in the near
future of raising funds for a two-story
maternity ward.

The charge at the hospital is from
$12.00 to $18.00 per week, which in-
cludes board and nursing except when
the case is so critical that the patient
must have a private nurse. Medical
fees are extra, and the patients may
employ any physician, male or female,
that they choose. Anyone comparing
these prices with the expense of sick-
ness in one's own house can readily
see that it pays to go to the hospital.
Although the institution receives no
state aid, depending upon its friends
for its support, over 26 per cent, of
charity work was done last year.

Dr. Wallace-Russell, the projector
and founder of the hospital, was phy-
sician-in-charge till her lamented
death, July 1, 1906. She was suc-
ceeded by Dr. Marion L. Bugbee,
the present incumbent, under whose
efficient direction the institution is
continually increasing its usefulness.
Miss Rosanna O'Donoghue has been
superintendent for the last nine years.
Dr. Ellen A. Wallace of Manches-
ter sister of the founder, and the
only one of the original board of
officers now living, has been president
since the death of Miss Downing in
1903.

The foregoing brief summary gives
but the faintest outline of the noble
work which this institution is accom-
plishing. Visit the place and see for
yourself, if possible. If not, send for
the annual report.

226

The Granite Monthly

THE DENTAL PROFESSION

Though today the practice of den-
tistry is considered one of the most
difficult, at one time Concord had no
such person as a dentist on its lists of
professional men, it being considered
a side line of a physician, who was
called upon occasionally to extract an
aching tooth.

It was not until . 1823 that Dr.
Elijah Colby, a graduate of the medi-
cal college at Hanover, settled in the
east village of Concord and gave
particular attention to this profession,
calling himself a surgeon-dentist. He
had no contemporaries until 1834
when Doctor Willard came to this city.
Doctor Willard was afterwards mayor
and postmaster of Concord.

As time went on several were
added to the ranks of the dental
fraternity but it was not until the
latter part of 1859 that there was
practicing in Concord, New Hamp-
shire's first dental college graduate,
Dr. Eben G. Cummings, who opened
an office in Phenix Block. Before
this time the dentists of the state
studied in a dentist's office, observing
his practice. Doctor Cummings was
the first dentist in Concord to use
adhesive gold in filling" teeth. Dr.
George A. Young became associated
with Doctor Cummings and the
partnership was continued for nearly
twenty years when their offices were
separated.

The ranks of the dental profession
have been added to continuously,
and today their presence in the com-
munity is regarded as a necessity, the
people of the present age realizing
that the care of the teeth is one of the
most essential factors of good health,
and they are consulted as commonly
as the family physician.

Edmund H. Albee, D.D.S.
Doctor Albee traces his ancestry
back to Colonial and Revolutionary
times. He is the son of Willard S.
and Harriet (Marsh) Albee and was
born in Charlestown, N. H. His
youth was passed on the farm and

attending the public schools of the
town. He then entered the dental
office of his uncle, Dr. William Albee,
as a student, and, later, he was at
Bellows Falls, Vt. Doctor Albee grad-
uated from the Philadelphia Dental
College in the class of 1891, and in
May of the same year commenced
practice in Concord, and is still in
the same office.

He is a member of the National
Dental Society, the Northeastern
Dental Association, the New Hamp-

Dr. Edmund H. Albee

shire Dental Society of which he was
president in 1914, and the Concord
District Association. He is one of
the consulting surgeons of the Mar-
garet Pillsbury General Hospital.
He attends the South Congregational
Church. Doctor Albee married Lois
Hurd of Newport, N. H. They have
one child, Harriet Isabella.

Dr. John Henry Worthen
Dentistry of the present day has
become a science and the barbarities
which were practiced on patients a
few years ago have passed out of
existence. Fully alive to the require-
ments of the times, Dr. John H

The Professional Life of Concord

227

Wort hen, located at 15 North Main ciety; has been secretary of the Con-

Street, Concord, N. H., has made this
profession a constant study, adopting
every improvement of modern times.

cord District Dental Association since
its organization in 1907, a charter
member of the National Association
of Oral Hygiene, and he is also a
member of the National Dental As-
sociation, the Northeastern Dental
Association, the Dental Protective
Association, the Anti-Vivisection
League, Automobile Legal Associa-
tion, National Voters' League, and
the Blue Lodge of Masons. Doctor
Worthen is also a justice of the peace
and a notary public.

On February 4, 1897, Doctor
Worthen was married to Dell M.
Moulton, a daughter of Revolution-
ary stock, in Plymouth, N. H., and
has one daughter, Doris Moulton
Worthen, now a junior at St. Mary's
School in this city.

Dr. Louis I. Moulton

Dr. Louis I. Moulton has an office
in Chase Block, Room 3, located at

Dr. John H. Worthen

Doctor Worthen was born in Holder-
ness, N. H., April 21, 1868, and was
educated in the public schools at
Holderness until 1885. He graduated
from the New Hampton (N. H.) Com-
mercial College and School of Teleg-
raphy in 1886. In 1896 he received
the degree of D.D.S. at the Pennsyl-
vania College of Dental Surgery and
afterwards graduated from the Jen-
kins Post-Graduate School in Porce-
lain in 1905. He has practiced in
Concord since 1896. In that time he
has endeavored to apply every modern
improvement to his profession. Doctor
Worthen attended lectures and private
classes on "Orthodontia" (the regula-
tion of the teeth) in 1907 and 1908 in
Boston under Doctor Baker, one of the
most famous men in the profession in
the country.

The subject of this sketch is a 15 North Main Street and has prac-
past president of the New Hamp- ticed in this city several years. He is a
shire State Dental Society and the very prominent member in several
Contoocook River Improvement So- of the leading dental societies.

Dr. Louis I. Moulton

228

The Granite Monthly

Dr. William A. Young

Dr. William A. Young was born
in Concord, September 25, 1876, the
son of the late Dr. George A. and Mary

Dr. William A. Young

(Cummings) Young, who came to
Concord in 1861, where Dr. Young
commenced the practice of dentistry
in the office where he remained for
forty-three years, and where his son
is still practicing.

He was educated in the public
schools of Concord, and graduated
from the Philadelphia Dental Col-
lege and Garret son Hospital of Oral
Surgery in 1900. He immediately
entered his father's office, and con-
tinued his association with him until
the latter was appointed postmaster
of Concord, December 13, 1903. Since
his father's death, November 11,
1904, he has practiced alone.

He joined the New Hampshire
Dental Society in 1900 and served
on the Executive Committee for three
years; was president in 1904, and is
now treasurer, an office which he has
held for eleven years. In 1902 he
became a member of the Northeastern

held several offices, and is now editor.
He is also secretary and treasurer of
Philadelphia Dental College Alumni
Association of New England. Doctor
Young was the first president of the
Concord District Dental Association,
is a member of the National Associa-
tion and is one of the consulting den-
tal surgeons of the Margaret Pillsbury
General Hospital.

He married, March 4, 1903, Nellie
A. Bailev, born in Belmont, Mass.,
March 20, 1878, daughter of Milton
G. and the late Olive (Berry) Bailey.

Dr. George E. Rowell

Among those most prominently
identified with the dental profession
in this city is one of Concord's own
sons, Dr. George E. Rowell, son of
Charles P. and Lecretia (Eastman)
Rowell, who was born in the house
where his father has lived for half a
century. The doctor received his
education in the schools of Concord

Dr. George E. Rowell

and then attended the Philadelphia
Dental College where he graduated
in 1900, at which time he was vice-
Dental Association, in which he has president of the Garretsonian So-

The Professional Life of Concord

229'

ciety. It was in the same year that he
opened his office at 40 North Main St.
Dr. Rowell is a member of the Psi
Omega Fraternity, Eta Chapter; was
president of the New Hampshire State
Dental Society in 1913; has been a
member of the Northeastern Dental
Association since 1906, and holds mem-
bership in the Dental Protective As-
sociation, and the Royal Arcanum.

Dr. Charles L. True
Dr. Charles L. True, son of Joseph
F. and Mary B. True, was born in

Dr. Charles L. True

Holderness on the shores of Squam
Lake, September. 13, 1860. He at-
tended the district school of -that
town, Beede's High School at Center
Sandwich and the New Hampton In-
stitute. After teaching several terms
at the town school, he began the study
of dentistry with the late Dr. G. N.
Johnson, continuing his studies in the
Pennsylvania College of Dental Sur-
gery, graduating in 1891. The fol-
lowing fall he bought the office and
practice of Dr. Edwin White at Tilton
where he remained twenty years.
While in Tilton his residence was on
the Northfield side, where he served

two years on the board of selectmen
and was twice elected a member of the
school board of Union District. In
1899 he was elected president of the
New Hampshire Dental Society.
Doctor True was married, in 1894, to
Alida M. Cogswell of Tilton and they
have three children. In the spring of
1914 he bought the Chadwick estate,
at 23 Merrimack Street, Penacook,
where he now resides and enjoys a
lucrative practice with office at his
residence. The doctor spends most
of his vacations raising vegetables and
fruits at his summer home, the Shep-
ard farm, on a southern bluff of
Canterbury.

Dr. Clarence J. Washburn

Well known to local people is Dr.
Clarence J. Washburn, located at 51
North Main Street. He was born in
Tunbriclge, Vt., and at an early age
his parents moved to Reading, Mass.,
where he received his education.
Dr. Washburn is a pupil of Dr. Ma-
goon of Wakefield, Mass., one of the

Dr. Clarence J. Washburn

Commonwealth of
most noted dentists.

Massachusetts'
In November,

230

The Granite Monthly

1901, he was registered in this state
and in 1903 he married Miss Mary
H. Brown of Attleboro, in the city
of Dover, N. H.

The doctor is a member of the
Concord Lodge of Elks the New
Hampshire Dental Society, the North-
eastern Dental Association, and the
National Dental Association.

Drs. Lester H. and Harold C.

Plaisted
Dr. Harold C. Plaisted is in Con-
cord on Monday, Tuesday and

Dr. Lester H. Plaisted

Dr. Harold C. Plaisted

Wednesday of each week, while Dr.
Lester H. Plaisted is in this city
on Thursday, Friday and Saturday.
Their office is in Huntwood Terrace.

Dr. E. S. Cummings
Though still a young man, Dr.
E. S. Cummings is considered a
leader in the dental fraternity in this
city. He is well known here and
enjoys a large practice, his office
being in the First National Bank
Building.

L —

CAPITAL CITY BANKS

The first bank in Concord was bank his way, Mr. Kent and his

chartered over one hundred years ago, followers withdrew and participated

and its institution unfortunately led in no further meetings, but not with-

up to a series of business discords out a variety of suits at law, in which

which extended over a period of Daniel Webster appeared as attorney

twenty years. At the June session for the dissatisfied grantees,

of the legislature, in 1806, a charter The Concord Bank opened for

was granted for the first discount business in February, 1807, in the

bank in the city, or in this part of home of Samuel Sparhawk, the cashier,

New Hampshire for that matter, with Timothy Walker as president,

and the following were made grantees In 1808 the South End representa-

of the Concord Bank: Timothy tives opened the Concord (Lower)

Walker, Robert Harris, Richard Ayer, Bank with Joseph Towne as president

John Bradley, William A. Kent and and William A. Kent as cashier.

John Chandler of Concord; Caleb The Concord Bank then became

Stark and John Mills of Dunbarton; known as the "Upper Bank" and

Baruch Chase and Joseph Towne of the rival institutions made things

Hopkinton; Joseph Clough of Canter- lively in Concord business for nearly

bury; Joshua Darling of Henniker; a quarter of a century. The "Upper

Aquilla Davis of Warner; Ebenezer Bank," following the expiration of

Peaslee and William Whittle of Salis- its first charter, in 1826, was renamed

bury. The capital of the bank was the Merrimack County Bank and

made not less than fifty thousand the grantees erected at that time the

or more than two hundred thousand brick building on North Main Street

dollars, in specie, and the charter was formerly used by the New Hampshire

for twenty years. Historical Society as a home. In

Timothy Walker was chosen moder- 1866 the directors of the old institu-

ator and William Kent clerk, of the tion closed their business to avail

grantees' organization at the first themselves of the National Banking

meeting held on July 17, 1886, at Act. The "Lower Bank" was forced

David George's tavern. Unfortu- to close its doors in 1840 when bank-

nately the selection of officers was a ruptcy overtook it, thus it was with

poor one, not from a personal stand- the closing of the old "Upper Bank"

point, but by reason of the fact that that the early and troublous history

Mr. Walker represented the North of banking was brought to a close.

End and Mr. Kent the South End.

There was a strong factional feeling

at that time between the two sections FlRST National Bank

of the city, for Concord had been The First National Bank, No. 318

divided topographically by the old on the government list, was organized

Tan Yard Brook, which crossed in March, 1864, with a capital of

Main Street near the present junc- $100,000, the same being increased

tion of North Main and Montgomery the next year to $150,000. The in-

Streets, and the feeling between the corporators were Asa Fowler, Enos

residents of the two sections was * Blake, William Walker, Benning W.

extremely bitter. Sanborn, George A. Pillsbury and

Mr. Kent, of course, wanted the Moses Humphrey. The first board of
bank located south of the Tan Yard directors consisted of seven persons
Brook, but Mr. Walker would not which included the six incorporators
hear to it, and when it became evi- and Moses Humphrey. Asa Fowler
dent that Mr. Walker controlled votes was elected president, and Wood-
enough to swing the location of the bridge Odlin, cashier, the latter serv-

232

The Granite Monthly

ing only a short time, being succeeded
by William W. Storrs. Its banking
rooms at that time were located on
the second floor of the brick block,
immediately north of the Eagle Hotel,
which were afterwards occupied for
several years by the New Hampshire

This corner is one of the historic spots-
of Concord, being in the early days the
sight of the Garrison House of James-
Osgood and later of the famous Wig-
gin Tavern. The bank from its or-
ganization to the present time has
experienced an uninterrupted period

' : ,'•■' -3J,-.. ■,•,.■'■• .^>"

---■^-mzmm

First National Bank

Savings Bank. Here the First Na-
tional remained until 1868 when the
bank was moved to the brick building
opposite the Phenix Hotel, this build-
ing being built by the famous Con-
cord (Lower Bank) in the early part of
the last century. In 1892 the bank
was moved to what was then known
as the Statesman Building at the cor-
ner of North Main and Depot Streets.

of prosperity. Its growth has been
continuous, its assets in 1864 being
between $100,000 and $200,000 and
in the present year (1915) between
$2,000,000 and $3,000,000.

The executive officers of the bank,
since the organization, have been as
follows: Presidents: Asa Fowler,
George A. Pillsbury, Augustine C.
Pierce, William M. Chase, and Wil-

Capital City Banks

233

liam F. Thayer. Vice-presidents:
William M. Chase, Frank S. Streeter,
and William A. Stone. Cashiers:
Woodbridge Odlin, William W. Storrs,
William F. Thayer, Charles G. Rem-
ick, Charles W. Brewster, and Ed-
ward N. Pearson.

Assistant Cashiers: Charles G.

Streeter, John H. Brown, David D.
Taylor, Edward N. Pearson, John B.
Jameson, David E. Murphy, William
F. Thayer.

The National State Capital Bank.

The State Capital Bank received its
charter from the New Hampshire leg-

National State Capital and Loan and Trust Banks

Remick, William A. Stone, and Carl
H. Foster.

The present officers and board of
directors are as follows: William F.
Thayer, president; Frank S. Streeter,
vice-president; William A. Stone,
vice-president; Edward N. Pearson,
cashier; Carl H. Foster, Assistant
cashier. Board of Directors: William
M. Chase, Solon A. Carter, Frank S.

islature in 1852, being the fifth bank
organized in Concord. The capital
stock at first was $100,000, which was
later increased to $150,000, and, still
later, to $200,000.

The State Capital opened its bank-
ing rooms on January 26, 1853, on the
second floor of Rumford Block. The
original officers were Samuel Butter-
field, president; Edson Hill, cashier;

234

The Granite Monthly

Samuel Butterfield, Enos Blake,
Abraham Bean, Hall Roberts, Asa
Fowler, Robert N. Corning and Eben-
ezer Symmes, directors.

In the month of January, 1865, the
State Capital was reorganized under
the national banking act, taking the
name of the National State Capital
Bank. The original capital was
$100,000, which was increased in the
same degree as was that of the* State
Capital, being, in 1872, $200,000.
The bank had occupied the same
quarters as its predecessor, but in
1864 removed to the new State Block,
occupying rooms directly over the
corner store. At this time the officers
of the bank were John V. Barron,
president, and Preston S. Smith,
cashier. The bank continued in this
location until 1871 when the wooden
building at the corner of North Main
and Warren streets was purchased,
and new quarters on the ground
floor fitted up. On April 18, 1879,
this building was destroyed by fire,
and the bank took temporary rooms
in Central Block, a short distance
south. During their occupancy of
this building, the present National
State Capital Bank Building was
built, and the bank occupied its new
quarters in September, 1880.

Since the bank was organized, the
following well-known men have served
as its presidents: Samuel Butterfield,
Hall Roberts, J. V. Barron, Lewis
Downing, Jr., L. D. Stevens, and
Josiah E. Fernald.

That it has been prosperous is
shown by the statement which ap-
pears on another page of this issue.

The present officers and directors
are: Josiah E. Fernald, president;
Isaac Hill, cashier; Henry M. Bun-
ker, assistant cashier; Benjamin C.
White, Josiah E. Fernald, Willis D.
Thompson, Arthur S. Brown, Harry
G. Emmons, Harold H. Blake and
Charles L. Jackman, directors.

Loan and Trust Savings Bank
The Loan and Trust Savings Bank

was chartered in July, 1872, and im-
mediately organized for business with
the following officers and trustees:
Hon. J. A. Sargent, president; J. V.
Barron, treasurer; Onslow Stearns,
George G. Fogg, L. D. Stevens, J. V.
Barron, Nathaniel White, J. E. Sar-
gent, Lewis Downing, Jr., Calvin
Howe, James Peverly, A. C. Pierce,
Moses Humphrey, J. S. Norris, J. H.
Albin, W. H. Allison, George E. Todd,
Howard A. Dodge, trustees.

Since its organization, the bank has
had four presidents, Hon. J. A. Sar-
gent, John F. Jones, Hon. John M.
Mitchell and Henry C. Brown. The
vice-presidents have been John V.
Barron, Calvin Howe, J. S. Norris,
Lewis Downing, Jr., and J. E. Fer-
nald; and the treasurers, J. V. Bar-
ron, George A. Fernald, John F.
Jones, and Fred N. Ladd. Mr. Ladd,
the present treasurer, has been con-
nected with the bank, since 1879.

The bank for years occupied rooms
with the National State Capital, the
first location being on the ground
floor of the wooden building on the
corner of Warren and Main Streets.
Here it remained until April 18, 1879,
when the building was destroyed by
fire, compelling the two banks to take
temporary quarters in Central Block,
a few doors south of Warren Street.
In the meanwhile the present State
Capital Bank Building was built, and
occupied in September, 1880, and
here the Loan and Trust remained un-
til in 1897 increasing business made
additional rooms imperative, and the
present quarters were fitted up for
them.

The bank has been prosperous ever
since its organization, a dividend of 4
per cent, having been paid during
recent years. Following is the state-
ment as of April 1, 1915.

Liabilities

Amount due depositors,
Guaranty fund,
Undivided earnings,

$3,979,184.69
200,000.00
137,934.44

$4,317,119.13

Capital City Banks

235

Assets
Loans secured by real estate, $1,476,591 .86
Notes (personal and collateral) 505.292 . 34
Bonds, 1,931.935.85
Stocks, . 307.660.00
Real estate, 9,958 . 00
Cash on hand and cash on de-
posit in banks, 85,681 . 08

$4,317,119.13

The present officers and trustees of
the Loan and Trust Savings Bank are
Henry C. Brown, president; Josiah
E. Fernald, vice-president; Fred N.
Ladd, treasurer; George R. Connell
and Harold P. Connor, assistants;
Howard A. Dodge, Charles H. San-
ders, John F. Webster, Henry C.

1889 to 1893, during which time
E. H. Woodman was president. James
Minot was the first cashier, serv-
ing until 1894, when he was suc-
ceeded by the present cashier, Harry
H. Dudley.

The bank took over the private
banking business of Minot & Com-
pany and commenced business with
a capital of $100,000, which was in-
creased to $150,000 and later to
$200,000. The total assets of the
bank at this time are $1,273,291.25.

The bank started business in the
present New Hampshire Bible Society
rooms, but growing business made

Mechanicks National Bank — Merrimack County Savings Bank

Davis, Walter H. Tripp, William A.
Foster, George C. Preston, E. H.
Brown and Arthur P. Morrill, trustees.

The Mechanicks National Bank
The Mechanicks National Bank
was chartered and authorized to do
business as a national bank January
3, 1880, the incorporators being the
following: Josiah Minot, E. H. Rol-
lins, B. A. Kimball, J. P. Bancroft,
S. C. Whitcher, J. M. Hill, and John
Kimball. Josiah Minot was the first
president of the bank, serving one
year. Hon. B. A. Kimball was
elected president in January, 1881,
and has served in that capacity since,
with the exception of the years from

changes necessary, and, in 1888, the
present quarters were occupied. In
1910, in connection with the Merri-
mack County Savings Bank, extensive
improvements and alterations were
made, including a burglar- and fire-
proof vault, new safe deposit boxes
and other up-to-date equipment.

The present officers and directors
of the bank are the following: B. A.
Kimball, president; H. W. Stevens,
vice-president; H. H. Dudley, cashier;
H. L. Alexander, assistant cashier;
B. A. Kimball, H. W. Stevens, J. F.
Webster, G. M. Kimball. F. A. Sell-
ings, C. P. Bancroft, W. K. McFar-
land, E. J. Hill, A. H. Britton and
E. M. Willis.

236

The Granite Monthly

The Merrimack County
Savings Bank

The Merrimack County Savings
Bank was established in 1870 in a
room on School Street, which is
now one of a suite occupied by Albin
<fc Sawyer. It later joined with the
Mechanicks National Bank in fitting
up banking rooms, which were much

a guaranty fund and accumulated
earnings of over $300,000.

The present officers and trustees
are the following prominent Concord
men: Frank P. Andrews, president;
William S. Huntington, treasurer;
Henry W. Stevens, Willis D. Thomp-
son, Benjamin W. Couch, Willis G.
Buxton, Harry H. Dudley, Joseph

New Hampshire Savings Bank

improved in 1910, when the whole
interior was changed and modern
fixtures installed.

Hon. Lyman D. Stevens was the
first president; Hon. David A. Warde,
vice-president, and Hon. John Kim-
ball, treasurer. The first report to
the bank commissioners showed de-
posits of $36,917.07. The deposits
now amount to $3,650,314.04 with

S. Mathews, William L. Stevens,
Henry A. Kimball and Eben M.
Willis, trustees.

The New Hampshire Savings Bank
The New Hampshire Savings Bank
was organized in July, 1830, with
Samuel Green as president, Samuel
Morrill, treasurer, and the following
trustees: Timothy Chandler, Nathan

Capital City Banks 237

Ballard, Jr., Samuel Fletcher, Francis organization of the bank, amounted

N. Fisk, Samuel A. Kimball, Jonathan to $479,010.12, at which time the

Eastman, Jr., Nathaniel G. Upham, number of depositors was 17,558.

Isaac Hill, Richard Bradley, William The present officers of the New

Low, Robert Ambrose, Ezekial Mor- Hampshire Savings Bank are Samuel

rill, Hall Burgin, William Gault, C. Eastman, president; George M.

Stephen Brown, David George, Wil- Kimball, vice-president, and Ernest

liam Kent and Richard Bartlett. P. Robert, treasurer. The trustees

The banking rooms were located are John C. Thorne, Samuel C. East-

in the old Historical Society Building man, Charles R. Walker, John P.

but as the growth of the city extended George, George M. Kimball, Charles

southward, in 1868 new quarters were P. Bancroft, Harry M. Cavis, Frank

taken over the drug store of E. H. L. Gerrish, and James O. Lyford.
Rollins, which had formerly been

occupied by the Mechanicks Bank Concord Building and Loan Asso-

and the First National Bank. Busi- ciation

ness was carried on here until the Yew people realize the important

latter part of 1886, when the Bank par t the Concord Building and Loan

purchased the building and had it Association has taken in the history

removed. A new builchng was erected f Concord.

on this site and on May 9, 1887, the Chartered September 7, 1887, it has

New Hampshire Savings Bank occu- an authorized capital of $1,000,000.

pied the quarters, where it is now it commenced actual business Sep-

located. _ tember 21 of that year and down to

The exact charter name of this the present time homes to the value

banking institution was "The New f $639,350 have been fully paid for

Hampshire Savings Bank in Concord," and it now has upon its books real

and under this name the Bank carried estate loans amounting to $315,150

on its business for many years. i n process of payment, or a grand

Seven presidents have directed the total at the end of twenty-eight

affairs of the bank since its organ- years of $954,500 invested in homes,

ization: Samuel Green, Joseph Low, nearly all of which are in the city of

Francis N. Fisk, Samuel Coffin, Jos- Concord.

eph B. Walker, Samuel S. Kimball During this time the Concord

and Samuel C. Eastman, the latter of Building and Loan Association has

whom is the present head. never lost a dollar on its loans, a very

The treasurers have numbered five: remarkable record.
Samuel Morrill, James Moulton, Jr., At the present time it has a mem-
Charles W. Sargent, William P. Fiske bership of 857 holding 6,556 shares,
and Ernest P. Roberts, the last named an average of 7f shares for each
being elected to the position on the shareholder. The present real estate
decease of the late William P. Fiske loans, amounting to $315,150, are
and who is the present occupant of carried by 196 shareholders, an aver-
the position. age loan of $1,556.89 to each.

The New Hampshire Savings Bank By making regular graded pay-
has long been known as one of the ments each month, that resemble as
most prudently managed banking nearly as possible rent charges, the
institutions in the state and has borrower is able to settle his account
always enjoyed the full confidence of with the association in eleven years'
its depositors. time with an interest charge of 4.6

Dividend No. 1, which was paid in per cent.

January, 1831, amounted to $17.32 The association enables people of

while dividend No 127, paid in Jan- moderate means to systematically

uary, 1915, eighty-four years after the lay by a small amount monthly upon

238 The Granite Monthly

which they receive a good rate of time of his death on January 28, 1905,

interest. and Frank P. Quimby, who succeeded

Shareholders in the 44th series, re- him and who is secretary at the present

tired January 1, realized 6.7 per cent time.

on their investment. Nathaniel E. Martin has held the

Assets position of solicitor and treasurer

Real estate loans $315,150.00 sin ^ the association vvas organized.

Share loans 7,100 . 00 . The present board of directors con-
Cash on hand 1,642.76 ^ists of Hamilton A Kendall, presi-

dent; Henry E. Chamberlm, vice-

$323 892 76 president ; Frank P. Quimby, secretary;

Liabilities Nathaniel E. Martin, solicitor and

Dues capital * $258,464 . 00 treasurer; Clifton W. Drake, Hinman

Profits 55,320 . 53 g- B «J le y> F?™? B. Eaton, Fred B.

Suspense 108 23 Powell, Aristide L. Peiissier, William

Notes payable'.'.'.' .' '. .' .' 10,000.00 J?' Chandler, Henry O. Powell, Roy

E. George.
$323 892 76 Under the recent order of the bank
commissioner every book in the asso-
Since its organization the associa- ciation was presented for verifica-
tion has had four presidents, as fol- tion and found correct. During the
lows: Orrin F. Swain from 1887 to past four years, since the verification of
1895, William A. Thompson from pass books in 1911 there has been an
1895 to 1901, Seth R. Dole from 1901 increase in membership of over 150.
to 1905, and Hamilton A. Kendall It should be the wish of all citizens
from 1905 down to the present time, that an institution that is doing so
There have been two secretaries, much good for the city may continue
Frank H. Locke from 1887 to the long and prosper.

THE BUSINESS SECTION OF CONCORD

By James W. Tucker

There is but one locality in the
Capital City in which nearly all the
citizens have a common interest and
that is the business section. Here
the merchant conducts his store and
the professional man his practice,
here the people of Concord gather in
everyday life to transact their busi-
ness, and on holidays the business
section is the center of the celebration,
if it so happens that one marks the
occasion. The various out-of-door
pageants, that have, from time to time,
taken place on the thoroughfares
that make up the business section,

History tells us that the first
building was erected on the street
nearly two hundred years ago, so it
was nearly a half century before
Concord was chartered as a town that
the proprietors laid out the main
thoroughfare of the plantation of
Rumford. The street was originally
one hundred sixty-five feet wide and
it extended from a point near Horse-
shoe Pond to a point near the present
junction of South Main and West
streets. Upon the street abutted
sixty-eight of the one hundred and
three original house lots, and when

Main Street, Looking South

have been described as "martial,
funeral, religious and civic."

Under the latter classification would
come the celebration which marks the
occasion of the one hundred fiftieth
anniversary of the chartering of
Concord as a parish. The fact that
the city has celebrated such an auspi-
cious event, and that the formal
exercises and other happenings of the
occasion occurred in the business sec-
tion of the city, recalls similar occa-
sions of former years and the mind at
once reverts back to the time when
the first settlers laid out Main Street,
where by far the greater part of the
business section is now located.

the settlers began to erect houses
they were allowed to advance their
street lines two rods, thus reducing
the width of the street to ninety-
nine feet, which it has since remained.
In 1726 a block house was erected
on the main thoroughfare and twenty-
five years later the old North Meeting
House was erected upon the same site.
On the site of the present court house
or county building was erected, in
1790, the first town house and here
the general court often convened.
Two years later the post office was
located at the north end of Main
Street. After that, business houses
began to grow in number and impor-

240

The Granite Monthly

tance, two establishments of note at
that time being the public hay scales,
located near what is now the corner
of Montgomery and North Main
streets, and the town pound. In
fact the center of the business section
was originally located far north of
where it is today, and since that time
it has been moving steadily south
until now the center of the business
section is considered to be somewhere
in the neighborhood of the junction
of Warren and North Main streets.
Many sections of Main Street have

as it rolled down the hill just south
of Pitman Street and across the old
Tan Yard Brook at the bottom of the
gully. How amazed that observer
would be, could he stand today on the
steps of the new Eagle Hotel and
watch one of the luxuriously appointed
pleasure automobiles sweep around
that same bend and never once lose
sight of it as it rolled noiselessly by
a large electric car and drew up in
front of him. If his mind could en-
compass the fact that the smooth
level piece of roadway was but a

At the Junction of Pleasant Street

been elevated repeatedly until they
are now from ten to twenty feet
higher than they were when the
street was originally laid out. Prob-
ably the particular part of Main
Street in which the greatest change has
been wrought is that part of what is
now North Main between Center
and Pitman streets. Here there used
to be a deep gully, so deep in fact
that a person standing on the steps
of the old Eagle Coffee House, watch-
ing the stage coach as it swung into
view around the bend in front of what
is now the county building,, would
lose sight of the equippage entirely,

small portion of a great highway that
stretched from Canada to the sea,
still greater would be his amazement.
As a result of the foresight of then-
ancestors Concord merchants today
are able to transact their business on
a broad, well-located street, which
has none of the characteristic narrow-
ness of the business streets found in
so many other New England towns
and cities. Modern business blocks
have slowly but surely taken the place
of the older frame houses, and today
the historic structures are practically
all gone, the oldest building in the
business section today being the barn

The Business Section of Concord 241

which stands in the rear of Dr. Russell dry goods firm, then located a few

Wilkins' home at the corner of doors below the site of Mr. Murphy's

Montgomery and North Main streets, present store. Today he is the sole

Aside from the historic outbuilding owner of an extensive department

the home of Doctor Wilkins is store which occupies a front on Main

prominent by reason of the fact that Street formerly taken up by practi-

it is erected on the site where formerly cally four large stores,

stood the house in which the first Probably no man has been more

child was born in this city. .With intimately connected with the dry

the growth of Concord the business goods business in this city than Mr.

interests have been forced to spread Murphy. Upon the death of his first

from the Main Street proper to the employer, Mr. F. B. Underbill, he

several intersecting streets. went to work for the succeeding firm,

The evolution of Concord's main Stearns- Wimphfiemer Company, and
business thoroughfare from a shaded when the later firm sold out to F. C.
Indian trail along the west bank of the Hardy, Mr. Murphy engaged with
Merrimack to a broad, smooth-paved Hammond & Thurston,
street lined with substantial business It was on May 6, 1886, twenty-nine
blocks and equipped with every years ago, that he first threw open the
modern convenience, including street, doors of his own establishment to the
cars, electric lights, fire hydrants, people of Concord. Since then the
etc., has consumed several generations growth of his business has been steady,
of time and to the unthinking man it due to the high business principles and
means very little. However, that perseverance of the firm head. First
Concord has been able to keep fully one store was added, then another and
abreast of the times is due to the wis- finally another, until on Thursday,
dom and self sacrifice of those business November 8, 1906, the present beau-
leaders who have given freely of their tiful store was formally opened to the
time, money and knowledge to do public. Well lighted, with excellent
their part in effecting this wonderful ventilation, the roomy interior is
metamorphosis from trail to city beautifully decorated with mahogany
street. The era of improvement is show cases, counters and fittings. The
by no means over. Every year brings exterior, with its large, well-decorated
new projects and new problems for show windows is equally attractive,
Concord leaders to work out, and the whole forming one of the finest
when the necessity arises the munici- stores in the state, where one can buy
pality has always been able to count anything from a paper of pins to a
on the business man to do his part, fine fur garment.
Included in the following pages are Mr. Murphy is a native of Concord,
the brief sketches of the substantial having been born and raised in the
firms of the business section. old North End. He was educated in

, the schools of Concord and completed

his studies in the college of business

David E. Murphy experience which has graduated more

From bundle boy to department "captains of industry" than all the

store owner is quite a long jump in universities in the world,

the mercantile world and sounds more On April 24, 1905, Mr. Murphy

like fiction than fact, yet that is what married Katherine L. Prentis of New

may truthfully be said of the career York City. Their beautiful home on

of David E. Murphy, one of New South Street is really a country home

Hampshire's most prominent dry in the city for it combines all of the

goods merchants. At the age of four- delights of a rural estate with the

teen years Mr. Murphy started his modern comforts and conveniences of

career in life with the F. B. Underhill a city home and is less than two miles

DAVID E. MURPHY

The Business Section of Concord

243

from the State House. The Murphy-
home, known as "Nestledown," was
formerly the old Worthen homestead.
It contains some twenty acres of land
with a fine old brick mansion erected
by Richard Worthen in 1820.

Mr. Murphy is a member of St.
John's Roman Catholic Church. He
is a member of the Catholic Club of
New York City, the Wonolancet Club,
and is affiliated with the Knights of
Columbus. In business life he is a
director of the First National Bank, a
trustee of the Union Trust Company

sistently advanced up the ladder of
success in spite of many seemingly
insurmountable obstacles.

Mr. Saltmarsh was born on July 7,
1883, the son of William H. and Eliza-
beth (Abbott) Saltmarsh. He at-
tended the public schools of the city
and graduated in 1903 from the Con-
cord Business College. An expert
typewriter and stenographer, it was
little to be wondered that the proprie-
tor of the business college found em-
ployment for the young man in his
art store. Here Mr. Saltmarsh re-

interior of David E. Murphy's Store

and a former trustee of the State In-
dustrial School at Manchester. He
was one of the Pierce Statue Com-
mission, under whose auspices the
beautiful bronze and granite memo-
rial to New Hampshire's only presi-
dent was erected in front of the State
House and was marshal of the day at
the dedication of the same.

Brown & Saltmarsh

The art and stationery store of
Brown & Saltmarsh, at 86 North
Main Street, one of the leading busi-
ness houses of the street, is now owned
by William A. Saltmarsh, a Concord
boy, born and bred, who has per-

mained for six years, learning the type-
writing repairing business and acting
as head clerk of the establishment.

In October, 1910, Mr. Saltmarsh,
in partnership with William W. Brown,
started an art and stationery store
at 86 North Main Street, which place
had been occupied for years by the
Frank P. Mace Bookstore. From a
small beginning the business soon
assumed broad proportions, and when
Mr. Brown decided to retire from
the partnership to take up an en-
tirely different branch of business,
Mr. Saltmarsh bought his partner's
share, the trade being consumated
on November 5 of last year. As sole

244

The Granite Monthly

owner, Mr. Saltmarsh has not de-
viated from the high business princi-
ples which have brought the concern
to its present rank among the busi-
ness interests of Concord.

In the store, conveniently arranged
and attractively displayed, may be
found the best in art goods, stationery,
and office supplies. A fine line of
typewriters and typewriter supplies
is also carried and the framing de-
partment is one of the largest in the
state. Over 3,000 frames were con-

public has always been pleased with
the quality of service rendered is
evidenced by the wonderful growth of
the business of the concern in the
past five years.

W. H. Dunlap & Company

One of the best-known drug firms in
Concord is that conducted by Mr.
William H. Dunlap at 99 North Main
Street. This business was started on
August 29, 1889, at 117 North Main
Street, the proprietors at that time
being Mr. Dunlap and Roland A.
Jeffers. It was continued at that lo-
cation until January 1, 1895, when
it was removed to the present loca-

William Saltmarsh

structed last year and, during the
past five years, picture frames have
been shipped from the store into al-
most every state in the Union, as
well as to numerous foreign countries.
This year the framing business will
be even greater than it was in 1914.
The store is well lighted, well venti-
lated and the attractive arrangement
of the art goods has made a beautiful
interior.

Mr. Saltmarsh has surrounded him-
self with courteous and competent
assistants and is always glad of an
opportunity to serve the public to
the best of his ability, and that the

Store of W. H. Dunlap

tion. Mr. Jeffers remained with
the firm until March 8, 1912, when
he retired to enter the real estate
business after 23 years of business
association with Mr. Dunlap.

The store has connected with it
an Eastman Kodak agency and a
photographic department which in-
cludes an up-to-date developing, print-
ing and enlarging plant, carried on
by Walter E. Dunlap, son of the
proprietor, and a young man whose
intimate knowledge of the business
has brought him a large business
from all over the state. Mr. William
H. Dunlap has been connected with
the drug business in this city for the
past thirty-seven years, and is highly
appreciative of the generous patron-
age which has been extended to him.

The Business Section of Concord

215

A. H. Knowlton & Company
By G. Arthur Foster.

On April 1, 1893, William E. Baker,
a clerk in the drug store of C. H.
Martin & Company, and Arthur H.
Knowlton, employed by Underhill &
Kittredge, druggists, became partners
and, under the name of Baker &
Knowlton, entered the drug business
at 34 Pleasant Street.

This firm was successful from the
start, and continued until October

the latter entering the art publishing
business with a local firm.

Mr. Charles E. Pike of Boston was
made manager of the store and con-
tinued in that capacity until the
early part of the present year, when
the store was purchased by a corpora-
tion, the officers and members of which
which are the following: Dr. F. W.
Grafton, president; A. H. Knowlton,
treasurer and manager; James P.
Forsyth, secretary; Charles E. Pike
and Dr. W. P. Beauclerk.

Interior of "The Knowlton"

23, 1899, when failing health forced
Mr. Baker to retire, his interest in the
business being purchased by Herman
E. Jewell, who became a silent partner,
the firm name being changed to A. H.
Knowlton & Company. The store
was called Knowlton's Pharmacy.

On June 1, 1903, Mr. John E.
Thompson, who was connected with
John Wyeth & Brother, a wholesale
drug firm of New York, purchased the
interest of Mr. Jewell and two years
later bought Mr. Knowlton's interest,

This corporation, under the name
of A. H. Knowlton & Company as-
sumed charge of Knowlton's Pharm-
acy and, on April 17, opened a new
store, "The Knowlton," a specialty
drug store, at 16 North Main Street.
The latter is entirely fitted through-
out with new and modern fixtures, as
well as a magnificent fountain, and
is a welcome addition to Concord's
up-to-date stores.

Mr. Pike, of the firm, is the New
England representative of the manu-

246

The Granite Monthly

facturers of the fountain and fixtures,
and The Knowlton serves as a most
favorable show room for them, several
having already been sold in this sec-
tion. This store is one of the very
finest in New England and should be
inspected by everyone visiting Con-
cord.

LINCOLN'S

The furniture store of George L.
Lincoln & Company was opened at
26 Pleasant Street on September 1,
1901, the firm consisting of George L.
Lincoln and J. Henry Drake. In
1903 Mr. Lincoln purchased his part-
ner's interest and conducted the
business alone until January 1, 1914,
when Ernest S. Chase of New Bed-
ford, Mass., entered the firm as
manager and the company was incor-
porated with the following officers:
George L. Lincoln, president and
treasurer; H. W. Lincoln, vice-presi-
dent, and E. S. Chase, secretary.

From the beginning there has been
a constant growth in the business,

floors and basement at 26 Pleasant
Street, the top floor at No. 28 and a
large basement in Odd Fellows Block.

George L. Lincoln

making it necessary to acquire more
space as new departments were added.
The store now occupies the three

Ernest S. Chase

The constant aim of this progressive
house has been to give the greatest
possible value for the price charged
and attend promptly to the desires of
patrons. Whatever one may desire
for the home in furniture, rugs,
draperies, ranges, crockery and wall
paper may be found here. It is sig-
nificant that the firm was the first in
Concord to use an auto-truck for
delivery purposes.

Mr. Lincoln, the founder of the
business, was born in Concord, Jan-
uary 13, 1857. After learning the
upholstery trade he established a
business in company with the late
W. J. Fernald. Upon his partner's
death he moved to Spring Street, con-
tinuing there until 1889, when he sold
his business to J. Stewart & Sons Com-
pany, and took charge of a depart-
ment in that firm. Here he remained
until he started the present business.

Mr. Lincoln is a member of the
Wonolancet Club and Concord Board
of Trade.

The Business Section of Concord

247

Ernest S. Chase, the manager, was
born in Haverhill, Mass., on February
4, 1879. He entered the furniture
business at the age of fifteen as a
salesman and in 1901 entered the
wholesale business as a salesman for a
western manufacturer, visiting the
trade in northern New England.
Later he returned to the retail busi-
ness with a large furniture house in
New Bedford, Mass., where he re-
mained for six years. Since entering
the local firm in 1914 he has been
actively interested in the business
affairs of the city. Mr. Chase is a
member of the Wonolancet and Uni-
tarian Clubs, White Mountain Lodge,
I. 0. 0. F., and Concord Board of
Trade.

A. Perley Fitch

One of the oldest and best known
wholesale and retail drug firms in the
state is that of A. Perley Fitch Com-
pany at 24 North Main Street. The
growth of Mr. Fitch's business has
extended over a period of fifty-four
years, and that it has not yet stopped
its steady increase is an indication of
the size of the business today and a
rare tribute to the business judgment
and sagacity of the firm head.

In 1857, fifty-eight years ago, A.
Perley Fitch entered the employ of
the old firm of Allison & Eastman,
with whom he remained for four years,
having previously been engaged in the
same business at Lebanon for over a
year. Leaving Allison & Eastman in
1861, he entered the firm of Fitch
& Underhill, with which he was con-
nected for over four years. In 1874
he became junior member of the firm
of Eastman & Fitch, the place of
business occupying the store now used
by the Capital Hardware Company.
It was in 1875 that the firm of East-
man & Fitch moved to 24 North
Main Street, the present location of
the business, and seven years after-
wards, in 1882, Mr. Fitch bought out
his partner, and, until February, 1914,
conducted the business under his own
name.

At that time the A. Perley Fitch

Company was incorporated, under the
laws of the state, with Mr. Fitch as
president; George P. Wilder, treas-
urer and manager; Nelson H. Murray
and Mrs. Annie A. Fitch, directors,
and Benjamin W. Couch, clerk.
The rapid growth of the business
since the formation of the corpora-
tion has been furthered in no little
degree by the keen foresight and busi-
ness judgment of the manager, Mr.
Wilder. '

The drug store is a beautiful modern
place of business, carrying a large line

A. Perley Fitch

of goods and is in charge of Nelson A.
Murray, a director of the corpora-
tion. Six registered and eighteen un-
registered clerks are under Mr.
Murray. Two years ago Mr. Fitch
leased the Optima Building, where
the nationally known Fitchmul reme-
dies are manufactured in fine modern
laboratories. Fitchmul is an emul-
sion for diseases of the mucous mem-
branes, universally recommended and
prescribed by physicians at home and
abroad.

Mr. Fitch was born in Enfield,
N. H., October 24, 1842, and was ed-
ucated in the public schools of Enfield,

248

The Granite Monthly

Hanover and Lebanon. He is a char-
ter member of the Wonolancet Club
and is general manager of the Wood-
sum Steamboat Company, which op-
erates five steamboats on Lake Suna-
pee. He is still actively connected
with the drug business, in spite of his
seventy-three years, and nearly every
day finds him busily engaged in look-
ing after the interests of either the re-
tail or wholesale business.

W. L. Fickett & Company.
Weston L. Fickett, propietor of
the jewelry firm of W. L. Fickett &

W. L. Fickett

Company, 38 North Main Street,
was born in Errol, N. H., July 17,
1869, receiving his education in the
public schools of Colebrook, N. H.
In 1890 he entered the employ of
J. M. Kimball of Lancaster, N. H.,
one of the leading jewelers of the
northern part of the state. For the
past twenty-two years he has been
identified with the jewelry business
of Concord, entering business for
himself at 38 North Main Street,
July 1,1911.

Mr. Fickett was fortunate in secur-
ing such a favorable location and
spared no pains in fitting up one of
the most modern jewelry stores in
the state, and has enjoyed a generous
and increasing patronage from the
first.

Among the lines of goods featured
are William B. Durgin's sterling silver,
Hawkes' cut glass, Waltham and Ham-
ilton watches, Hampshire pottery and
Rump leather goods.

Putnam's Drug Store
One of the best located and finest
equipped drug stores in Concord is
that owned and managed by Ernest
L. Putnam, at 2 North Main Street.
Although he gained some small exper-
ience in the business as a boy in
Lowell, the city of his birth, Mr.
Putnam really learned the business
in this city with the firm of George
A. Berry & Company. In 1902,
after six years with the firm, Mr.
Putnam located in North Woodstock
as the propietor of the drug store
in that town.

Ernest L. Putnam

Last February he purchased the
local drug store owned by Dr. Charles

The Business Section of Concord

249

W. Nutter of Salmon Falls, and has This wide business connection came
located with his family in this city about largely through the many pub-

to give the Concord business his own
personal supervision. He still owns
the business in North Woodstock,
however. Thirteen years of success
in the North Country has given Mr.
Putnam a wide knowledge of the drug
business, which he has applied to the
local store with the result that there
has been a steady increase in trade.

Recently Postal Station No. 1
was moved to Putnam's from the
Monitor office.

The concern specializes in Rexall
Remedies, being one of the 7,000
agents that the Rexall Company has
in the various cities and towns
throughout the land.

Edson C. Eastman
One of the especially noteworthy
business landmarks of Concord is the
well-known book, stationery and pub-
lishing house of Edson C. Eastman
at 120 North Main Street, which was
founded in the first half of this cen-
tury and came into the possession of
the late Mr. Eastman in 1857 and
was conducted by him with unin-
terrupted success for over fifty years.
It is one of the leading and best-known
establishments of its kind in the entire

lications of this house. Mr. Eastman

Exterior of E. C. Eastman's Store

•state and has business relations with
most of the prominent book houses
of the United States.

The Late Edson C. Eastman

published all the law books of New
Hampshire for many years and also
Leavitt's Farmers' Almanac, which is
so popular throughout New England.

This is a first-class stationery and
book store, carrying a full line of
blank books, office stationery, fine
stationery, magazines, all the latest
books, and everything usually found
in a store of this kind.

Mr. Eastman's long business career
and prominence attained through his
publications brought him in contact
with most of the prominent men of
the state, among whom he was highly
esteemed. In his own city and his
own neighborhood he was held in
equally high regard, and he was num-
bered as one of Concord's leading
business men and first citizens.

Mr. Eastman was president of the
Eastman Family Association for many
years. The Eastman family were
among the first settlers of this section.

THOMPSON & HOAGUE COMPANY

Agricultural Warehouse

Iron and Steel Warehouse

The Business Section of Concord

251

Thompson & Hoague Company

The hardware business of Thomp-
son & Hoague Company, at 42 North
Main Street is one of the oldest in this
city, for its institution dates back to
the early '50s. This firm is not
known to Concord and this vicinty
alone, for it conducts an extensive
wholesale business which extends to
the remote corners of this state and
even outside the boundaries of New
Hampshire and into the adjacent
states of New England. Few Con-

is the iron and steel warehouse, all
three buildings being shown in the
accompanying engraving.

The business was originally started
by Gustavus Walker and David A.
Warde in the same store where it is
now located. The first firm had been
in business but a few years when Mr.
Walker bought out his partner and,
later, sold the business to Mr. Willis
D. Thompson and Mr. T. C. Bethune.
The firm of Thompson & Bethune was
started in 1883 and two vears after-

Thompson & Hoague's Store

cord people, even though they patron-
ize the retail branch of the company,
are aware of the large wholesale, agri-
cultural and gas engine business that
it carries on.

In the commodious retail store one
finds a large stock of the best hard-
ware that the firm can procure from
the manufacturers. Everything car-
ried by an up-to-date hardware com-
pany can be found on the counters and
shelves, including a fine line of sport-
ing goods and automobile hardware.
In the rear of the retail store is lo-
cated the large agricultural ware-
house and in Railroad Square, a short
distance southeast of this building,

wards Mr. Bethune retired. For
several years Mr. Thompson con-
ducted the business alone, adding the
wholesale business when he pur-
chased the Depot Iron Store of Walker
& Ladd in 1890. That same year Mr.
Edward C. Hoague entered the firm,
which became Thompson & Hoague,
and in 1904 was incorporated as the
Thompson & Hoague Company. Mr.
Hoague had been previously identified
with the local haadware firm of Hum-
phrey & Dodge.

In 1912 the fine agricultural ware-
house was added to the equipment,
and here are stored every variety of
agricultural implements, engines and

252

The Granite Monthly

electrical lighting plants. This branch
of the business is under the di-
rect supervision of Mr. S. W. Baker.
The steady increase in the growth of
the business may be wholly attributed
to the high business principles which
have been in vogue since its begin-
ning over sixty years ago.

The Woman's Shop

"The Woman's Shop, " at 87 North
Main Street, is a specialty store which
eaters, as the name suggests, to the

date business methods that are in
vogue there.

The store is conveniently located in
the heart of the business district and
but a few doors above School Street.
The interior is most attractive and
homelike. Large, glass-covered and
dust-proof garment cases line the
walls and all of the woodwork is
enameled pure white. The floor is
covered with large green velvet rugs
and the lighting system is nearly
perfect. In the rear are the com-

Interior of the Woman's Shop

women of the Capital City. The
aim of the proprietors is to guarantee
absolute satisfaction to every cus-
tomer in order that the trade of that
customer may be held indefinitely
and, for this reason, "satisfaction
guaranteed" has come to be a sort of
business motto for the firm.

Although the doors of this high-
class establishment were first thrown
open to the general public but a few
months ago, March 4 to be exact, yet
nearly every woman in Concord has
made it a point to visit the store and
become acquainted with the up-to-

modious fitting rooms and the altera-
tion department.

The proprietors, Mrs. Gertrude
Chilton and Mr. Eugene Pinson-
neault, were both formerly connected
with the Manchester firm of L. P.
LaBonte. Mrs. Chilton has had
eighteen years' experience in the
ladies' outfitting business, being as-
sociated with the LaBonte house
during that entire period. Mr. Pin-
sonneault was also connected with
the Manchester firm for eight years
and knows every detail of the ladies'
outfitting business.

The Business Section of Concord

253

Interior of Harry G. Emmons' Store

Harry G. Emmons
Showing the north section of the
street floor as you enter this establish-
ment from the broad Main Street en-
trance. The stairway at the left of
the picture is the entrance to the large
and spacious Garment section, which
is the latest addition to this constantly
growing store.

The broad aisles — the perfect light-
ing and ventilation systems, and the
most modern conveniences for mer-
chandising are factors taken in con-
junction with the high qualities and
broad varieties of merchandise that
have brought this establishment up
to the high standard of efficiency in
catering to the wearable needs of
every woman in search of the best —
yet at moderate prices.

N. C. Nelson & Company
Probably the oldest jewelry store
in the city is the N. C. Nelson & Com-
pany, which was started by the late
N. C. Nelson forty-three years ago,
in a small room in State Block. The
location of the store was soon changed
to the Wm. B. Durgin Block and in
1887, after Charles H. Sinclair was
made a member of the firm of N. C.
Nelson & Company, new headquarters

were taken for a short time on School
Street, the business soon outgrow-
ing them, which necessitated their
removal to the present location at
25 North Main Street. Since the

Charles H. Sinclair

death of Mr. Nelson, in 1909, the
firm has been owned and managed
by Charles H. Sinclair, who was born
in Concord in 1859 and educated in

254

The Granite Monthly

the public schools. Previous to his
entering the jewelry business, Mr.
Sinclair had been in the employ of the
Wm. B. Durgin Company for seven
years. He is very prominent in
fraternal circles, being at present the
grand senior warden in the Grand
Commandery of the Knights Templar
of New Hampshire, a Mason and a
Shriner, a member of the Odd Fellows
and a charter member of the Concord
Lodge of Elks. In politics he is a
Republican and represented his ward
in the general court at the sessions
of 1911 and 1913.

The United Life and Accident
Insurance Company
One of the greatest acquisitions to
Concord in many years, from a busi-
ness viewpoint, is the United Life and
Accident Insurance Company, a half-
million-dollar institution, chartered by
the New Hampshire Legislature of

1913. The company has purchased,
and now occupies the old Abbott man-
sion on South Main Street, which it
has transformed into a large and well
equipped office building, where the
rapidly increasing business of the com-
pany is administered.

The beneficial effects of such an insti-
tution on the municipality are great, for
aside from the fact that it gives desir-
able employment to a large number of
local people, the name "Concord, N.
H.," is being spread into every city,
town and remote hamlet of the state,
and out into the United States through
the agency of the company, which in
itself is a wonderful means of publicity
for the Capital City.

The company was organized and
authorized to do business in the state
by the Insurance Department in July,

1914, and last February the first re-
port for business to December 31,
1914, was published. In order to
show that the company is doing busi-
ness on a very sound financial basis
the following synopsis of the report is
given: Admitted assets are as follows:
bonds owned, $386,936.00; mortgage
loans on real estate, first liens, $183,-

330.00; cash in banks and office, $17,-
240.94; interest due and accrued
$8,993.20; net premiums in the proc-
ess of collection, $1,046.60; other
assets, $117.04. The liabilities are:
policy reserves, $3,762.00; taxes and
expenses due and accrued, $816.14;
liabilities for partial payment sub-
scriptions to stock, $61,513.23; other
liabilities, $6.13; surplus to policy
holders' capital, $310,000.00; surplus
$240,566.28. At the annual meeting
held last February the capital stock
was increased $30,000.00, making the
present total, $340,000.00.

Another interesting feature of the
annual meeting was the report of S.
W. Jameson, vice-president and gen-
eral manager, which showed that the
company's business was expanding in
a most gratifying manner. Until
January 1, the only business done by
the company was in the state of New
Hampshire. Since that time it has
entered the states of Maine, Pennsyl-
vania, Kansas, North Carolina, Ten-
nessee, Georgia, Vermont, and will
apply to the other states as rapidly as
it is possible to secure proper agency
supervision.

The annual report of the company
to the Insurance Department shows
that it has purchased and owns first
bonds and first mortgages on im-
proved real estate amounting to over
one-half . million dollars, and today
the company has nearly $700,000 in-
vested in these securities.

That the people of New Hampshire
appreciate an opportunity to do busi-
ness with a home company is evi-
denced by the fact that application for
insurance are now being received from
the citizens of this state at the rate of
one million dollars annually. New
Hampshire people carry life insurance
amounting to $75,000,000 and are
paying $3,000,000 annually in pre-
miums which all goes to companies out
of the state, but the above fact shows
that, since a New Hampshire com-
pany was organized, the "keep your
money at home" slogan has been
applied to principles of insurance.

The Business Section of Concord

255

The following list of officers and Foster. It is peculiar that these men
directors is sufficient guarantee of the should have originated in two small
good faith and financial ability of the
company: president, Hon. Clarence
E. Carr of Andover; vice-president,
S. W. Jameson; secretary, Allen
Hollis; treasurer, John B. Jameson;
assistant treasurer, Charles L. Jack-
man; medical director, Dr. F. A.
Stillings; directors, Col. Walter R.
Porter, Keene; Hon. Eugene E. Reed,
Manchester; Governor Rolland H.
Spaulding of Rochester; Allen Hollis
of Concord; Edson J. Hill of Concord;
J. Duncan Upham of Claremont;
Hon. Clarence E. Carr of Andover;
S. W. Jameson of Concord; John B.
Jameson of Antrim; F. A. Stillings of
Concord; Charles L. Jackman of
Concord; David A. Gregg of Nashua;
Henry W. Keyes of North Haverhill;
Hon. Edward N. Pearson of Concord,
and Charles E. Tilton of Tilton.

Kendall & Foster

The firm of Kendall & Foster,
funeral directors, is made up of two

Hamilton Kendall

highly respected citizens, Mr. Ham-
ilton A. Kendall and Mr. Carlos H.

Carlos H. Foster

towns of Vermont, situated only a
few miles from each other, and then,
after many years, have engaged in
partnership with each other, but
nevertheless that is the fact.

Mr. Kendall's boyhood home was
Derby Line, Vt., a little town not
far from the Canadian border. He
came to Concord from Attleboro,
Mass., in November, 1887, and bought
out the undertaking firm of A. C.
Fisher, then situated at 6 Warren
Street. In October, 1889, Mr. Ken-
dall formed a partnership with Joseph
Lane, at that time buying out the
business of the late George L. Lovejoy,
at 14 Pleasant Street, When Mr.
Lane died in March, 1897, Mr. Ken-
dall took Mr. Frank Dame into the
business with him and, following the
death of the latter, Mr. Carlos H.
Foster entered into partnership with
Mr. Kendall, in 1905. In 1900 the
place of business was moved from 14
to 18 Pleasant Street, where it has
been located ever since.

Mr. Kendall was a representative

256

The Granite Monthly

in the New Hampshire legislature of
1913 and is president of the Concord
Building and Loan Association. He
is an Odd Fellow and a Mason and
is affiliated with the Sons of Veterans.

Mr. Carlos H. Foster, the junior
member of the firm, was born in
Newport, Vt., and had been in the
undertaking business for ten years
before selling out, and leaving Peter-
borough in 1905, to enter partner-
ship with Mr. Kendall. Since coming
to Concord he has been identified
with many movements of a civic na-
ture and represents the New Hamp-
shire Embalmers Association on the
State Examining Board of Licensed
Embalmers. He belongs to the
Masons and Odd Fellows and also
to the Sons of Veterans.

The establishment of Kendall &
Foster is large, well-ventilated and
light, wholly without the gloomy
aspect so common in similar con-
cerns and both gentlemen have estab-
lished a high reputation in their
business.

H. G. Fletcher
One of the successful and up-to-date
specialty stores in the city is that
owned and managed by H. G. Fletcher

H 1

SjpyefccAer SSw 1 Haumrefil

i'Bff

4 1 il
4 i * 1

'I' )n<!3} | II

iJfilJ

Exterior of H. G. Fletcher's Store

at 96 North Main Street. Mr.
Fletcher specializes in ladies' furnish-
ings and millinery, and his stock is so
extensive that Lady Godiva could
have ridden into the store and come
out dressed in the prevailing mode of

the twentieth century. The stock is
not only extensive, but it is the best
that Mr. Fletcher can buy, for the
proprietor has always known that a
satisfied customer was the best kind
of an advertisement.

Mr. H. G. Fletcher was born in
Vermont, but his younger days were
spent in Manchester where he learned
the ladies' furnishing business in the
store of his father, C. B. Fletcher. In
1897 the young man came to this city
and started in business at 138 North
Main Street, a little store opposite the
Opera House, carrying millinery and
hair goods. In five years' time the
business had far outgrown the quar-
ters and Mr. Fletcher leased the store
at 96 North Main, which was for-
merly occupied by the W. J. Ahern
Clothing Store.

Since 1902 he has been in this store,
although there have been several al-
terations to the interior for the pur-
pose of making room for growth and
the addition of new lines. In the main
store one finds corsets, shirtwaists,
hosiery, gloves, and underwear, while
the rear store is devoted exclusively
to. the suit, coat, dress and millinery
department, with the hair goods room
in the extreme rear. The work and
frame rooms are located in the base-
ment, making a complete and model
establishment.

Louis A. Lane & Company
The undertaking firm of Louis A.
Lane & Company at 17 Warren Street
is made up of two genial and well-
known citizens, Mr. Louis A. Lane
and Hiram G. Kilkenny.

Mr. Lane was born in Concord on
August 23, 1863, the son of Joseph
H. and Ann (Allison) Lane. He was
educated in the public schools of that
city, graduating from Concord High
School in the class of 1882, and im-
mediately afterwards entered the em-
ploy of the National State Capital
Bank. While in the employ of the
bank Mr. Lane was appointed private
secretary to Charlemagne Tower, at

The Busijiess Section of Concord

257

that time a well-known multi-mil-
lionaire of Philadelphia. Upon the
death of his employer, Mr. Lane re-
turned to this city and accepted a
position with J. C. Norris & Company,
as a bookkeeper. Here he remained
until he was obliged to relinquish his
position and give up all work for a
period of two years on account of poor
health. Meantime he graduated from
the United States School of Embalm-
ing of New York; the New England
Institute of Anatomy, Sanitary Sci-
ence and Embalming, and the Massa-
chusetts College of Embalming.

In September, 1897, Mr. Lane, who
had previously assisted his father in
the undertaking business, opened one
of the finest equipped undertaking es-
tablishments north of Boston. It was
in his place of business that the New
Hampshire Licensed Embalmers' As-
sociation was formed, and it is a
significant fact that Mr. Lane was
the first man to take an examination
for a state license. In 1905 he formed
a partnership with Leonard Mudgett
and, upon the death of the latter,

Mr. Lane married Harriett Lay-
cock, a sister of Dean Laycock of
Dartmouth College, in December,
1897. They have one son and one

Louis A. Lane

took into the business as an equal
partner, Hiram G. Kilkenny of Cam-
bridge, Mass. The firm has now been
in existence for six years.

Hiram G. Kilkenny

daughter. He is a member of Blazing-
Star Lodge of Masons, Horace Chase
Council and Royal Arch Chapter,
A. F. & A. M.; White Mountain
Lodge of Odd Fellows and Concord
Lodge, No. 8, Knights of Pythias.

The other partner in the business,
Mr. Hiram G. Kilkenny, was born in
Freeman, Me., September -16, 1861,
the son of Hovey L. and Achsa
(Brackley) Kilkenny. He was ed-
ucated in the public schools and
graduated from New Portland High
school in 1879.

Mr. Kilkenny commenced business
with the G. W. Twing Leather Com-
pany of Farmington, Me., going to
Lowell, Mass., in 1883, where he was
employed by the American Tea Com-
pany as a traveling salesman. When
this firm was purchased by the Dixon
Brothers he remained in his position,
becoming a member of the firm after
twelve years, and staying in the busi-
ness as a member of the firm for eight
years longer. In 1903 he entered
the stable and touring business with
Harry Tuttle of Concord, Mass.,

258

The Granite Monthly

and in 1907 sold out his interest to
Mr. Tuttle, purchasing the George
D. Merrill Livery and Boarding
Stable in Cambridge, where he re-
mained until he sold out in 1909 for
the purpose of coming to Concord to
form a partnership with Mr. Louis A.
Lane in the undertaking and embalm-
ing business.

Mr. Kilkenny is a graduate of the
New England Institute of Anatomy
and Embalming. He is a member of
Blazing Star Lodge, A. F. & A. M.;
Rumford Lodge of Odd Fellows;
Concord Lodge, K. of P.; Capital
Grange, and is the present Exalted
Ruler of Concord Lodge, No. 1210,
B. P. 0. E. In 1884 Mr. Kilkenny
married Caroline Minnie Lawrence
and they have one son and two daugh-
ters.

G. Nardini & Son

No men engaged in their line of
business in New Hampshire are better
known than G. Nardini & Son, res-

in answer to an inquiry as to the loca-
tion of a certain office or store, the
stranger is usually informed that it is
either above, below or across the

G. Nardini

taurateurs, caterers and bakers. In
the Capital City, "Nardini's" is the
general landmark used in directing
strangers about the Main Street and

NARDINfAS !,UNC;iI

Nardini's Lunch

street from Nardini's, and as the case
may be. Situated but a few doors
above Pleasant Street junction on
the east side of North Main Street
and patronized by everyone, rich and
poor alike, it is little wonder that the
restaurant has gained such wide
popularity. The reputation of the
place has spread far beyond the city
limits and " Nardini's" is known all
over the state.

Giuseppe Nardini was born in
Barga, Province of Lucca, Tuscany,
Italy, in 1862, and at the age of fifteen
years, when but a mere boy, left his
home to earn his own living. He
journeyed to England and remained
there until he was twenty-one years
of age, when he came to America and
traveled through nineteen states of
the Union. He engaged in business
in New York and in Boston, finally
coming to Concord where he has re-
mained ever since. When he first
came to this city Mr. Nardini took up
the fruit business, as proprietor of the
Boston Fruit Company, but he later
sold out to the present owners and

The Business Section of Concord

259

started the restaurant business in
which he has been so successful. In
1893 he established his first restaurant
on Pleasant Street junction and in
1905 moved to his present location.

Mr. Nardini's son, Frank, is a
partner in the business and actively
engaged in its management. The
younger Nardini was born in Charles-
town, Mass., in 1888, and received
his college preparatory education at
Brewster Academy. He afterwards
entered Dartmouth and later trans-
ferred to Colby, making great repu-
tation for himself at all these institu-
tions as a track athlete of wonderful
ability. Mr. Nardini was one of the
best college sprinters in New England
and, after leaving college, developed
considerable ability as a coach of track
athletics.

The Nardinis, father and son, have
achieved an enviable reputation as
restaurateurs and their place of busi-
ness is a model of cleanliness. With
the well-equipped lunch counter on
the first floor and the fine dining room
on the second, the firm is able to
accommodate 3,200 people in a day.

George L. Harkins

Much attention is paid nowadays
to work along forestry lines and in
George L. Harkins, the city has a
specialist in this branch of work, for
Mr. Harkins understands all phases
of the business including the care of
trees, the development of orchards
and the use of dynamite in orcharding.
Mr. Harkins represents the du Pont
Powder Company in the central sec-
tion of New Hampshire, and is always
willing to give advice on the employ-
ment of this wonder-working agent in
farming and orcharding.

As the eastern representative of
that nationally known forestry con-
cern of Munson & Whittaker, Mr.
Harkins was sent to this state in 1908
with a crew of fifty men to rid New
Hampshire's shade trees of the gypsy
and brown-tail moths. Previous to
that time he had been employed for
four years with the same firm in

Boston, New York and Chicago. He
worked on the state contract in forty-
six New Hampshire towns and cities,
leaving here after the work was
satisfactorily completed to go to
Indianapolis. Here he worked on the
trees of Frank Van Camp's estate,
also doing park work for the Indian-
apolis water board.

After six months of work in Indian-
apolis he went to Meadville, Pa.,
where he put the trees in Diamond
Park, and at the Methodist Theolog-
ical School, in the best of shape, leav-
ing that city to fill a contract at the
well-known health resort of Sagerston
Inn at Cambridge Springs, Pa. He
returned to Concord in the winter of
1909 and has since made his home in
this city, although his work carries
him all over this state and into the
adjacent states. Mr. Harkins thor-
oughly understands the work in which
he is engaged and is very particular
to keep in touch with all of the new
and modern methods employed in the
business. It was for this reason that
he has recently taken up dynamite as
an agent with which to clear large
tracks of land and prepare them for
agricultural usages.

It is significant to state that while
employed by the Munson & Whit-
taker firm, Mr. Harkin? was assigned
to take personal charge of the tree
surgery work done on the estates of
Jno. D. Archbold, the New York
Standard Oil man; ex-president Theo-
dore Roosevelt; W. E. Roosevelt, the
former president's uncle, and Harry
W. King, president of the King Bridge
Company of Cleveland, Ohio.

Harriott Music Store
Aside from being one of the well-
known musicians of the city, Bertram
J. Harriott conducts one of the largest
music stores in this section of the
state, at 92 North Main Street. The
fact that Mr. Harriott is a pianist,
drummer and singer of far more than
ordinary ability, has been of immense
benefit to him in conducting his
extensive business, for he has been

260

The Granite Monthly

better qualified to buy from the manu- subjects. The College was established
facturers. In his large, well-kept store in 1887, and is one of Concord's
one finds a high-class line of musical ' oldest institutions. It enjoys a large
instruments, including drums, violins annual enrollment, matriculating stu-
and pianos, the largest line of sheet dents from New Hampshire, Mass-
music in the state, Edison and Colum-
bia talking machines, the latest records
and a line of Standard sewing ma-
chines.

Mr. Harriott has lived in Concord
from a mere boy, learning the trade
of a silversmith early in life, and fol-
lowing his trade in several large cities
before locating permanently in Con-
cord. As a young man he was promi-
nent in musical circles and this fact
led him into the line of business he
now follows. For fourteen years he
was connected with the Prescott
Company, and since 1913 has been
in business for himself. He started by
leasing half of the store from the
company he formerly worked for;
but within a year he has taken over

C. C. Craft

Bertram J. Harriott

the entire establishment and is meet-
ing with unqualified success.

Concord Business College

The Concord Business College is
the only institution in Concord de-
voted exclusively to teaching business

achusetts, Maine, Vermont, and
Canada.

The College, formerly known as
the National School of Business, be-
came Concord Business College when
the present principal, Mr. Craft, took
complete charge of the college in 1910.
Mr. Craft had already been connected
with the college seven years, as prin-
cipal of the commercial department.

The college enjoys the confidence of
the business men and the public, and
has graduated some of the best qual-
ified bookkeepers and stenographers
in New England. Its methods have
always been progressive and up-
to-date. It was the first in the East
to establish a course in stenotypy r
and holds the honor of graduating
the first two stenotype operators in
New England. The courses are
thorough and practical, the teachers
painstaking and competent, and the
college has a first-class equipment
for its work.

The Business Section of Concord

261

Store of Brown & Batchelder

Brown & Batchelder
The accompanying illustration is a
picture of the new store front of
Brown & Batchelder's Clothing
House, one of the finest stores in New
England. There are eleven separate
window displays and the arrangement
is very unique. Inside, the store is
fitted throughout with quartered oak
shelving and glass front cabinets for
the display of shirts and underwear,
and all clothing is carried in glass
front cabinets. The selling space is
40 x 95 and every modern conven-
ience for the display of merchandise
and the comfort of customers is
found. The business was estab-
lished in 1890. A high class of mer-
chandise has always been featured,
and this firm enjoys a liberal patron-
age not only from Concord but from
all parts of the state.

Parisian Dry Cleaning Company
Among Concord's younger estab-
lishments is the Parisian Dry Cleaning
Company, managed by J. F. Durrell.
The process of dry cleaning is com-
paratively a new one, and it was not
until late years that the art had been
perfected to the extent of being com-
mercialized. The success of the
method was clue to the fact that
neither the fit, color or texture of
the garment was altered, while "wet"

cleaning with soap and water usually
affected one or all. The phrase
"Dry Cleaning" originated in the
fact that no water is used in the
process, the garment being washed in
the purest naphtha which removes all
spots and leaves the cloth in the finest
possible condition. Mr. Durrell is
an enterprising business man and is
constantly bettering his establish-
ment and is at the present time using
the Bowser sj^stem, the most up-to-
date and complete method ever in-
vented. The field of the new method
of renovating clothes has grown
steadily and each day a new customer
is attracted by the thoroughness with
which their work is being done.
It has been often proven by the
Parisian Dry Cleaning Company that
anything in the line of clothes can
be renovated to the satisfaction of the
most critical. Particular attention
is being paid to the cleaning and
finishing of antique and modern laces,
Mrs. Durrell having personal charge
of this department. The plant is
modern in every respect and has
many improvements and new ma-
chines never heretofore used, includ-
ing a machine for removing the dust
from clothing and a steaming ap-
paratus by which all garments that
are suitable are treated to a flow of
super-heated steam before being

262

The Granite Monthly

pressed, which brightens the colors
and kills all odors which may be in
them. The office and works of the
Parisian Dry Cleaning Company are
at 13 South State Street,

The Kimball Studio

This is one of the old houses,
having been established by William
H. Kimball in 1849. At 'that time

•'*»gP

Entrance to Kimball's Studio

the daguerreotype on silver plated
copper was the only picture made,
and many are still in existence.
About 1859-60, photography came
to the front and soon took the leading
place for portraits and views. About
1882-83 the dry plate, for instan-
taneous work, came into use, and
since then the developments in all
branches of the art have been great.
Mr. W. G. C. Kimball became
propietor in 1868. Afterwards, Mr.
Richard H. Kimball, his son, was
a partner until his death in 1909.
This studio has a wide reputation

for artistic work, receiving many
medals in open competition.

W. C. Gibson's

A store in this city that has some-
thing of interest to everybody is that
of W. C. Gibson. It is the only book
and stationery store in Concord with
a periodical department, and is the
center of much activity when the pop-
ular magazines make their appear-
ance. The establishment is one of
the oldest of its kind and until 1898
was owned by Charles F. Batchelder.
Mr. Gibson is a very enterprising man
and is continually devoting his time
to making his store attractive to his
trade. It has long been a slogan that
if it is in the market you can get it at
Gibson's. Aside from the regular line
of goods an attractive corner of the
store is devoted to a circulating li-
brary, many people daily taking ad-
vantage of the fact that the latest
books are obtainable from this source.
Another interesting feature is the
postal card novelty counter, where the
latest cards can always be found.
The store is located in the Eagle
Hotel Block at 106 North Main Street.

W. A. Thompson Shoe House
The largest and probably best-
known shoe store in Concord is the
establishment of W. A. Thompson, lo-
cated at 73 North Main Street. For
years the firm has been a leader among
progressive retail shoe houses of New
Hampshire and the reason is not hard
to find, for the late proprietor was
known throughout the country among
the manufacturers and jobbers as a
thoroughly honest, reliable and up-to-
date retail merchant of shoes. In fact
he was honored several years before
his death on May 22, 1913, with the
position of president of the National
Association of Retail Dealers, an or-
ganization of representative dealers
with members scattered from the
Pacific to the Atlantic.

Mr. Thompson started in the boot
and shoe business in a little store in
the building now known as the First

The Business Section of Concord

263

National Bank building. By judicious
advertising, and dealing in reliable
makes that other firms did not have,
his business prospered to the extent
that he soon outgrew his initial quar-
ters and, in August, 1885, he moved to
a commodious store in Bailey Block
where he remained until the growth
of his business forced him to change
locations again. At that time he
moved to 48 North Main Street in the
store now occupied by Nelson's Five
Cent Store. From there he moved his
business to the present location at 73
North Main Street.

In February, 1902, Mr. Thompson
employed George M. White of Lan-
caster as his head clerk, and Mr.
White has remained with the firm
ever since, becoming manager of the
business upon the occasion of the
death of the proprietor in May, 1913,
and directing it with excellent judg-
ment and business skill.

At the present time the business is
conducted along the same lines laid
out by Mr. Thompson in 1880 and
strictly adhered to ever since. Full
value in footwear returned for every
dollar expended has safeguarded the
patrons of the establishment for years
and still continues to bring new pa-
trons. The leading lines in footwear
carried by the firm are Sorosis and
Grover soft shoes for women and
Elite and Bannister shoes for men.

J. H. Forster

The typewriter has become so
closely allied with modern business
that no enterprising American city
would know how to get along without
the expert services of a typewriter
specialist. The only business man
in Concord who handles typewriters
and office supplies alone is Mr.
J. H. Forster, who conducts, at his
home in the Toof Apartments, the
Concord Typewriter Exchange and
the Concord Mailing Company. Mr.
Forster sells, rents and exchanges
all makes of typewriters; he handles
ribbons and carbon paper and sells
all kinds of office supplies. His is

the only up-to-date multigraph ma-
chine in town and on it he can turn
out around 3,000 high-class form
letters in an hour. He has had ten
years' experience in this line of work.
Mr. Forster came here from Wor-
cester, Mass., in 1910 as repair man
and salesman for the Remington
Typewriter Company. While in Wor-
cester he had been in charge of the
repair department of that company,

J. H. Forster

and, previous to that time, had been
with the same company in Boston
and New York. It did not take Mr.
Forster long to make good after his
arrival here and now he has established
a business of his own which is very
extensive. Aside from having sold
hundreds of machines in Concord
he keeps many in repair and does a
large business in the territory sur-
rounding the city.

"The New Store."

On September 25, 1913, "The New
Store" at 79 North Main Street began
business, carrying women's and chil-
dren's supplies, and art needlework,
but specializing in three lines, milli-

264

The Granite Monthly

nery, corsets and waists. The name
did not merely imply that the business
was new, neither did it bear relation

The New Store

to the fact that the venture was
launched by three women, Miss M. E.
Marcy, Mrs. M. H. Tallant and Mrs.
Mabel R. Hutchinson, for it is not un-
common to find women as owners
and managers of mercantile estab-
lishments. The name was chosen to
convey the idea that the store would
stand for new goods, new ideals, new
methods and new ideas, and that the
choice of name was a good one is
evidenced by the steady growth in
business since the beginning.

It has always been the purpose of
the firm to give the best that can be
had for the money and in this regard
great care has been used in purchasing
with the thought of getting right
goods for everyone. People always
receive courteous treatment and are
dealt with squarely at The New
Store.

The store itself is a well arranged,
adequately lighted and ventilated in-
terior, situated right in the very cen-
ter of the business district on the west
side of North Main street, a few doors
south of the corner of School. An ex-
cellent display of art needlework, mil-
linery and waists is made in just that
neat and attractive style that one
would expect of the three ladies who
conduct the business and personally
attend to the wants of the numerous
patrons.

The Men's Shop

Located at 5 South Main Street r
just south of the corner of Pleasant
Street junction, is the neat and well-
stocked establishment of George W.
Wilde, who caters to the trade in what
he has pleased to call "The Men's
Shop." The name of the store is
wholly indicative of the nature of the
business, for Mr. Wilde seeks to serve
the wants of men exclusively, and has
stocked his shop with high-class goods
of the variety that particularly ap-
peal to an intelligent class of trade.
"Quality first" is a business motto
which this young man has adopted,
not particularly because of the pretty
sentiment, but for the sensible reason
that to stick to it means satisfied
customers. Here a man may find
every article of wearing apparel
suited to his needs, even to a fine line
of the best shoes.

George Wilde

Mr. Wilde was born in Boston,,
and, after completing his education
at Mt. Hermon Academy, he came to
Concord, eight years ago, to enter

The Business Section of Concord

265

the clothing business. He worked
with several of the larger clothing
stores of Concord as clerk, window
trimmer and sign writer, leaving his
last employer to enter business for
himself on October 15, 1914.

His venture has proven most suc-
cessful, and in spite of the fact that
business has not been the best any-
where in the country this spring he
gets his fair share of the local trade.
His stock, while not large, is excellent
because of his ability to buy the solid,
substantial, yet attractive lines, that
every particular man uses. Such hus-
tling young business men as Mr. Wilde
are a credit to the community and asset
to the business section of the city.

Mark E. Gordon
The business place of Mark E.
Gordon, at 93 North Main Street,
has come to be known as the "family
outfitting store," for here can be
obtained high-grade and popular-
priced wearing apparel for men,
young men and boys, for women,
misses and girls. The several depart-
ments are attractively arranged in
the store which is well ventilated and
light. In the rear is the office and
alteration department.

Store of Mark E. Gordon

Mr. Gordon, the proprietor, was
born in Boston forty-one years ago,
and has worked up through the
successive stages of his business as
clerk, salesman, buyer and manager.

He came here seventeen years ago as
manager for the E. Gately Company
and on April 6, 1906, started business
for himself at the present location.
The growth of his business has been
steady and rapid, due entirely to the
untiring energy of the proprietor.

He has associated with him, a
competent corps of popular clerks,
including May E. Foley, Margaret
Kerslake, Jane Giles, H. Audette
and Joseph Lee.

John F. Waters.
One of the leaders in the automobile
livery business in Concord, today,
is John F. Waters, who conducts

John F. Water's Garage

his own garage on Freight Street.
He runs three fine, closed cars and
his place of business is never closed.
In addition to his livery business,
Mr. Waters conducts a repair depart-
ment, where he keeps two repair men
busy all of the time, and sells gas
together with a small line of automo-
bile supplies.

Mr. Waters came here in 1897 and
went to work for his uncle, George
W. Waters, a local funeral director.
He continued with his uncle at odd
times until 1910, but for a period of
several years before that time was
associated with the local office of the
American Express Company as driver,
clerk and assistant cashier.

In September, 1910, he entered the
automobile business as a chauffeur
in the employ of Norris Dunklee, and
remained in this line of work until

266

The Granite Monthly

he went into business for himself in
May, 1911. He ran one machine
until the spring of 1912 when he put
another closed car into service and,
a short time after that, increased
business obliged him to put the third
car into his extensive livery business
until now he has three cars going
night and day.

The Cloverdale Company

The Concord branch of the Clover-
dale Company is one of the most at-
tractive of their sixty-five stores.
There are twelve other branches in

The Cloverdale Company was or-
ganized in Boston in 1900 and has its
office and warehouse at 38, 39, 40
South Market Street and 14 Chatham
Street, Boston. All its business is
conducted on a strictly cash basis,
both buying and selling. There is no
delivery of goods and no sales on
credit. The savings in these two
items means that the prices named by
them are for the value of the goods
only. No customer is called upon to
pay any share of a fixed charge for an
expensive delivery system or for
losses due to bad bills.

Crackers, Butter and Cheese Departments, Cloverdale Store

New Hampshire, located at Man-
chester (4), Derry, Penacook, Tilton,
Laconia, Rochester, Somersworth,
Claremont and Keene. Clean stores,
courteous treatment, low prices and
high-grade goods have earned for
this company great success and an
enviable reputation.

The accompanying illustration,
showing the cracker, cheese and but-
ter departments, is one used by Wal-
lace F. Purrington, state food and
drug inspector, in his pure food lec-
tures throughout the state, as a model
section of a pure food store, every-
thing being displayed under glass cov-

The Business Section of Concord

267

ers. The photograph was taken by
Messrs. Purrington and State Chemist
Howard, who both commented very
highly on the up-to-date methods em-
ployed by the company in the hand-
ling of pure foods. The specialties
carried by them are butter, cheese,
eggs, lard, beans, coffee, tea, cocoa,
crackers and canned goods.

The high standard of the Clover-

following, who were well known citi-
zens at that time: Joseph Low, A. C.
Pierce, John Gibson, N. G. Upham,
George 0. Odlin, Perkins Gale, Ben-
jamin Grover, George Hutchins, John
Gass, Cyrus Hill.

The price of gas at that time was
$4 per thousand cubic feet. Since
then the price has been reduced at
various times as manufacturing facil-

Interior of Concord Light & Power Company's Office

dale quality, together with low prices
and fair treatment, have made this
enterprising concern one of Concord's
marked successes. For the past ten
years the affairs of the Concord branch
have been ably taken care of by
Jerome A. Kelly.

Concord Light and Power
Company

The Concord Gas Light Company
was incorporated in 1850, by the

ities havs improved, until the present
price of $1.20 per thousand cubic
feet has been reached. Gas is one
of the few commodities that has
gradually been reduced in price.
The gas mains of this company
reach nearly every section of Concord
proper, and practically every home
takes advantage of this service. The
company supplies gas for light, heat
and power, and is one of the substan-
tial industries of Concord.

■268

The Granite Monthly

Conn's Theatre
Ask anyone in Concord to whom it
is the amusement-loving public of the
city owes the greatest debt and they

build the Palace Theatre on Pleasant
Street.

In 1911 the old Durgin silverware
factory on School Street was de-
stroyed by fire. While the gaunt,
ruined walls of the building were
still wreathed in a haze of smoke from
the heap of blackened brick and
smouldering timbers that lay in the
cellar, the trade was consummated
whereby Captain Conn became the
owner of the land and what was left
of the Durgin building. He imme-
diately got busy on his new acquisi-
tion. Working nights and Sundays
at his tailoring business, he spent the
remainder of the time on the Durgin
lot, tearing down ruins and cleaning
brick. In June, 1911, the cornerstone
of his new theatre was laid and on
October 14 of the following year the

Captain Jacob Conn

will tell you to Capt. Jacob Conn.
Without a doubt Captain Conn has
done more to stir up the theatrical
and motion picture business in the
Capital City than any other one man.
He has never lagged behind, but has
kept all competitors on the jump, and
today he owns the cozy little School
Street theatre and has already broken
ground for the construction of a large
and modern picture house on the site
of the Dunklee stable on Pleasant
Street.

The life story of Captain Conn is
too well known, both in the city and
state, to need comment at this time.
Suffice it to say he started business

here in 1898 on a borrowed capital of cozy little theatre was completed and
$2.50, and today he owns the Conn thrown open to the public. Although
Theatre on School Street, considerable Conn's Theatre has been open con-
other real estate, and is preparing to tinuously since that date it has only

Conn's Theatre

The Business Section of Concord

269

been since last February that the
owner has been able to give the busi-
ness his undivided attention. Since
then he has kept things humming in
the local theatrical field and, when
his beautiful and commodious new
theatre on Pleasant Street is com-
pleted and open to the public, he will
have the finest theatrical business in
the state.

Conn Tailoring Company

Probably the youngest proprietor
of any business house in Concord
is Israel Louis Seligman, owner and
manager of the Conn Tailoring Com-
pany, 5 School Street, at the age of
twenty-three years. Although he has
been in charge of the business but
a short time, Mr. Seligman has already
proven his worth as a successor to
his uncle, Jacob Conn, who conducted
a* successful tailoring business in the
same store for a long period of years.

Mr. Seligman, the present pro-
prietor, was born in London, England,
on March 18, 1892, the son of Maurice
J. and Cecilia Seligman. When he
was eighteen months old his father
died and, as an infant, he returned
with his mother to the home of
her parents in German-Poland. Four
years later his mother died, leaving
Israel an orphan at the age of five
years. For a number of years he
remained with his grandparents in
Poland, entering the tailoring busi-
ness at the age of fourteen as an ap-
prentice. When fifteen years of age
the young man went to London to
live with his uncle, Louis Conn, a
prosperous merchant of the English
metropolis, who has recently moved
from that city to Manchester, N. H.

Israel Seligman was only eighteen
years of age when he came to this
country and located in Concord as an
employee of A. I. Cohn. Here he re-
mained for four and a half years, enter-
ing the employ of Jacob Conn for a
short time before making a trip to
Minneapolis and thence back to
Boston, in both of which places he

worked at his trade. In Boston he
was employed for two years by the
tailoring house of Lynsky Brothers.

In January, 1914, Mr. Seligman
opened a tailoring establishment on
Elm Street in Manchester and still
retains a half interest in that firm,
although he is now giving his personal
supervision to the Conn Tailoring
Company, which he purchased and
took charge of on February 1, 1915,
and which is located in this city at
5 School Street. Mr. Seligman is an
expert cutter of men's garments and
is an experienced tailor and for these
reasons experiences no difficulty in
satisfying his numerous customers.

I. L. Seligman

His shop, conveniently located in
the very heart of the business dis-
trict, contains a fine line of the best
woolens and his line of ladies' furs is
one of the best to be found in central
New Hampshire. Mr. Seligman's
energy and power of concentration
have gained for him success at a very
early period in life and his many
friends are willing to prophecy for him
a brilliant future of achievement.
He is unmarried and a member of the
Knights of Pythias.

270

The Granite Monthly

Johnson's Eagle Garage

The Eagle Garage
Fred Lincoln Johnson, proprietor
of the Eagle Garage, is a pioneer in
this important branch of business in

Fred Lincoln Johnson

New Hampshire. Born in Concord
on June 8, 1872, he was educated
in the public schools of the city.
As a student at the manual training
school, he early evinced great apti-

tude in studies of the mechanical arts,
which probably influenced him in no
small degree when he made his
choice of a life work. In 1887 he
won the first prize offered manual
training school pupils and, after leav-
ing school, entered the bicycle and
camera business.

In 1893 Mr. Johnson won the state
championships in the one-half and
two-mile bicycle races, later purchas-
ing the first motor cycle that ever
came into the city and being one of
the first to own an automobile. He
was also greatly interested in yachting
and organized the Lake Penacook
Yacht Club in 1898. In 1903 Mr.
Johnson went into the garage busi-
ness, building the Eagle Garage in
1905. In 1911 he built an auto ice-
boat which could be run over ice by
means of an aeroplane propeller.

Mr. Johnson is vice-president of the
New Hampshire Automobile Dealer
and Accessories Association and has
always interested himself in municipal
affairs, he being chairman of the auto-
mobile parade committee and chief
marshal of the automobile division of
the trade and civic parade of the one
hundred and fiftieth anniversary cele-
bration. He is a member of all the
Masonic bodies, including the 32d
degree, and Bektash Temple of the
Mystic Shrine.

The Business Section of Concord

271

Ward's Vulcanizing Works
One of the best known men in the
local automobile field is William T.
Ward, who has a place of business
at 27 South Main Street. Mr. Ward
first located in business at Penacook,
where he conducted the Penacook
Vulcanizing Works in the garage of
C. P. Grimes. When Mr. Grimes
sold out he located at Hoyt's Garage,
but with the rapid growth of business
in the early part of 1912 moved to the
city proper and started in his present
business. More recently he has
opened an automobile supply and
inquiry station on the state road sev-
eral miles below the new Lower
Bridge, now in process of erection.

From March of that year the busi-
ness steadily increased until he was
doing a big supply business with both
dealers and consumers. In the spring
of 1914 he opened a garage, catering
to Ford repairs at 75 South Main
Street, but the venture proved disas-

ance of the young man stood him in
good stead and in March, 1915, he
was doing business again at his old

: . TSvs*.

Wvs

WEtiftalBEsr

WARDS tire arvii
. HiU'Ok'.-iLts

— sieve es

Ward's Vulcanizing Works

stand, which he had retained in spite
of reverses.

One incident of Mr. Ward's busi-
ness career, that has attracted con-
siderable local attention, concerns his
repeated attempts to induce the city
government to grant him the privilege
of placing a gasoline pump on the curb.
Last October the city government
ordered all curb gasoline pumps to be
taken in and Mr. Ward complied
with the order. The next month the
garage adjacent to Mr. Ward was
successful in a petition to locate a
street pump to take the place of the
one they had taken in. The adjacent
firm placed their pump near the di-
viding line between the two places
of business. When Mr. Ward applied
•for permission to relocate his pump,
trous because Mr. Ward was unable to he was informed that it wasn't nec-
give his personal supervision to both essary to have two pumps located
places. A reorganization of the busi- so close together and that his business
ness was necessary, but the persever- was an obstruction to the similar

William T. Ward

272

The Granite Monthly

business next door. For these reasons,
which Mr. Ward declares are unjust,
his petition has been refused, and he
is obliged to carry gas to his customers
in five-gallon cans across the side-
walk.

Mr. Ward is selling the best in
auto supplies, gasoline and bicycles
and offers to the public a free delivery
service within a radius of two miles.
Any automobilist whose gasoline
runs out or who has to stop on ac-
count of tire trouble within two miles
of Mr. Ward's place can secure the
necessary assistance without extra
charge by telephoning 913-M. He
guarantees all of his vulcanizing be-
yond an argument and sells tires on
the Goodrich Fair List basis, keeping
all tires in repair against accident
until they have served for 3,500 miles
of travel.

E. W. Tibbetts, Tailor

Earl W. Tibbetts, who conducts a
highly successful tailoring establish-
ment in the Hill Block, at 27 School
Street, accounts for his satisfactory
business by reason of his ability to

tinue their patronage, and nine times
out of ten he succeeds in doing so.

Mr. Tibbetts, who learned the
tailoring business with some of the
best tailoring houses in New England,
came here from Stoughton, Mass.,
in April, 1912, and has never changed
his location. He caters to a high
class of trade and, having been in the
tailoring business since he was four-
teen years of age, he is well qualified
to satisfy his class of customers.

That he has been successful is ob-
vious to one who has watched his
business increase in the past few
years. Mr. Tibbetts carries a fine
line of the well-known Bruner woolens
and guarantees them to give the
highest satisfaction.

Concord Wiring and- Supply
Company

Nowadays electricity plays an im-
portant part in many phases of every-
day life, but there is no place where it
would be missed more than in the
modern home. The business of the
Concord Wiring and Supply Com-
pany at 9 Capitol Street, owned and
managed by William T. Ferns, con-
cerns itself with all kinds of electric
light, power and bell wiring, repair-
ing, supplies, etc., and while it by no

Earl W. Tibbetts

make satisfied customers. He in-
tends to make new customers satis-
fied to the extent that thev will con-

Concord Wiring and Supply Company

means is confined to the homes of
Concord, yet a large part of the work
is done in the residences of Concord
citizens. For this reason it has come
to be one of the best-known concerns
in the city, although its institution

The Business Section of Concord

273

dates back to a comparatively recent
time.

It was on December 1, 1912, that
the Concord Wiring and Supply Com-
pany started in business in a little
store in the rear of 9 Capitol Street.
The firm filled a long-felt need in this
city and it grew rapidly. In less than
two j^ears, or to be exact, in Novem-
ber, 1914, Mr. Ferns was obliged to
move into his present commodious
quarters at 7 Capitol Street.

The front part of the establish-
ment is fitted as an office and sales-
room, where a complete line of cook-
ing, heating, lighting and wiring ap-
pliances of the very best styles and
makes may be found. The rear of
the store is used as a stockroom and
workshop. Here a force of skilled
workmen may be found, who can ac-
complish any kind of a wiring job
without any trace of the work being
left behind and in the shortest possi-
ble space of time. The firm telephone
number is 471-M.

Gregory Roig Farre

Is a native of Spain and came to
Concord two years ago, establishing
a ladies' tailoring business, known as
"Paris, New York, Concord," of
which he is the proprietor. Mr. Farre
has traveled over a score of countries,
speaks, writes and reads half a dozen
languages, including the international
auxiliary tongue, Esperanto, of which
he is very fond, and prophesies that
the knowledge of it by every nation
in the world is a matter of not more
than two generations, and is further
of the opinion that it will do more
for the peace of the world than any
other one thing.

Being particularly a close student
of politics, he has had opportunity to
study, the customs of many lands and
specially he seems to be very familiar
with the social and political habits of
our sister republics to the south of us.
Concerning what has transpired in
Mexico during the last few years, he
has been so accurate in his predictions,
that were it not for his modesty, he

might well say "I told you so."
Although he has been in this country
less than eight years, his knowledge of
the English language is fully as ex-
tensive as that of many a native
American, having written for several
newspapers in the United States on
politics and political economy.

As a tailor, designer, and cutter,
his name is known in many countries,
he being an author of technical sar-
torial works published in the leading
sartorial journals. He was also con-

Gregory Roig Farre

nected with the Jno. J. Mitchell
Company of New York, London,
Paris, Berlin, and Vienna, a leading
fashion publishing house. Although
he was completely a stranger in Con-
cord, his business has made a sub-
stantial growth, as he has also made
many friends due to his personality
and logic.

Mr. Farre is a member of the N. A.
E. A., the N. E. E. A. and the M. I.
of A. and S. of Manchester, where he
conducts a class in Spanish every
Thursday, as well as of the Wono-
lancet Club.

That his ambition is a little greater

274

The Granite Monthly

than that of the average young man is
proven by the fact that besides giving
his personal attention to his business,
he is, in his spare moments, studying
law with the American Correspond-
ence School of Law of, Chicago, 111.
So great is his desire to become a
lawyer that he expects to succeed and
has already registered his name in the
Supreme Court of New Hampshire
for examination for admission to the
bar at the end of his mail three-year
course.

Mr. Farre has no relatives at all in
this country, but certainly has many
friends.

Heath's Remnant Store

One of Concord's youngest mer-
chants is Willis S. Heath, better
known to his numerous local friends

Willis S. Heath

as "Sam" Heath, who conducts the
New Remnant store at 10 Warren
Street. Mr. Heath was born in
Concord on November 14, 1888, and
received his early education in the
schools of this city, graduating from
the local high school, in 1907. He
entered Brewster Academy at Wolfe-
boro and later entered the Lowell
Textile School at Lowell, Mass.,
where he remained two years, earning

money enough to pay his tuition and
expenses by taking charge of the
school remnant store.

Leaving school he went on the road
for the American W^oolen Company,
and was out two years, giving up his
position to open a remnant store on
White Street in Haverhill, Mass., in
the fall of 1912. Meantime he had
hired several counters in an Elm
Street store in Manchester, and
was transacting considerable business
there in remnants. Without relin-
quishing either store Mr. Heath went
into the manufacturing business and
for a year and a half manufactured
ladies' skirts in Groveland, leaving
that business to increase the number
of his retail stores.

In February, 1915, he started an-
other business in one room at 10
Warren Street and in less than four
months it had increased to the extent
that he was obliged two add to more
rooms to his place of business, making
a store which is even now barely large
enough to accommodate his rapidly
growing trade.

Abraham I. Cohn
The extensive tailoring establish-
ment of Abraham I. Cohn, located
in the Board of Trade Building " under
the clock," has been built up from a
small business by reason of the per-
severence, integrity and ability of
the owner. Born in Germany in
1871, Mr. Cohn came to America
twenty years later and established
his local business in 1897, starting in
the same building where his establish-
ment is today, but in much smaller
quarters.

A man, to be a successful tailor,
must be possessed of far more than
mere business ability and a desire to
make money. Building clothes, to
Mr. Cohn's mind, is an art which is
developed only by constant study
and for which a man must have con-
siderable latent talent. He has been
highly successful in fashioning con-
servative garments which possess a

The Business Section of Concord

275

distinctive touch and their full share early education. In 1902 he came to
of character — clothes that distinquish Concord and engaged in the grocery
the work of an artist in cloth. How- business in East Concord, with his

father, under the name of Charles
Peaslee & Son.

In 1908, on account of poor health,
he gave up active work in the store
and, having a natural aptitude for
the appraisal of real estate values,
he chose this field for his endeavors.

Mr. Peaslee has specialized in the
handling of farms, timber lots, hotels
and stores, and by giving close atten-
tion to his patrons has built up an ex-
tensive business along these lines.
A large list of city property is also
included in his lists. He has taken
the agency for several reliable insur-
ance companies in addition to his
dealings in real estate, and this enables
him to give his customers adequate
protection for their investments.

Messrs. Bryant & Greenwood of
Chicago, dealers in Florida lands, ap-
pointed Mr. Peaslee as their agent in

Abraham I. Cohn

ever for the young man, who desires
the ultra-fashionable in dress, Mr.
Cohn is able to make just that style
of clothes which will give the highest
satisfaction. He is also an expert
fur worker, and agent for one of
America's leading firms of ladies'
tailors.

Mr. Cohn is public spirited to a
high degree and always anxious to
assist any project that is of a civic
nature. He is an active member of
the Odd Fellows, having held high
office in that organization.

Amos J. Peaslee

One of the best known real estate
men in this section of the state is
Amos J. Peaslee, who conducts an
extensive business in city and sub-
urban properties with an office in the
Capital City. Mr. Peaslee was born
in Gilmanton in 1877 and at the age Concord, and he has made several
of two years moved with his parents trips to Florida, recently, in the inter-
to Franklin where he received his ests of this company.

Amos J. Peaslee

276

The Granite Monthly

Interior of Lee's Upstairs Alleys

Capital City Bowling Alleys

Bowling has never been so popular
in this city as for the last two years,

that popular and health-giving sport in
Concord.

From that time on these alleys have
been in constant use. In fact so popu-
lar did bowling become, and so rapidly
was it taken up, even among the
women of Concord, that it became nec-
essary to construct three more alleys
in the basement, making a total of six
alleys, and these are always sufficient
to accommodate the crowd which
would like to bowl.

The Capital City Alleys have been
conducted by Mr. Lee iii an ideal man-
ner. The alleys are all well ventilated
and well lighted and for the ordinary
crowd there is ample opportunity to
watch the bowlers.

Kimball & Baker
As far as can be ascertained the
second oldest florist establishment in
New England is that which is now
owned by Charles V. Kimball and
Solon R. Baker, located at 28 Pleas-
ant Street. The business was started
by George Main on Merrimack Street
and when John J. Lee had the Capital and, when it came into the hands of
City Bowling Alleys at 43 North Main Frank Main, he transferred the es-
Street finished on December 17, 1913, tablishment to its present location,
he started a new era in the history of Charles Barrett was the next owner

John J. Lee

The Business Section of Concord

277

and, under his management, the store
was enlarged and many general im-
provements were made. From 1906
until the death of Mr. Barrett in 1913
the management of the concern was
in the hands of Charles V. Kimball,
who later purchased it. Since assum-
ing ownership of the business, Mr.
Kimball has proven his efficiency as a
florist and the great pressure of work
brought on by his skillful manipula-
tion of beautiful flowers caused him
to take into the firm a partner, Mr.
Solon R. Baker, and since January,
1915, under the name of Kimball &
Baker, the firm has been most pros-
perous, satisfaction being guaranteed
and personal supervision assured all
who patronize them.

Mr. Kimball was born in Canaan,
N. H., and was educated in the com-
mon schools of Franklin. At an early
age he went to Nashua and later took
charge of one of the largest floral es-
tablishments in this section of the
country, coming to Concord in 1906
to assume charge of Mr. Barrett's in-

Mountain Lodge of Odd Fellows, a
member of the Senior Order American

Charles V. Kimball

terests. He is a member of the Blaz-
ing Star Lodge of Masons, White

Solon R. Baker

Mechanics and the Capital Grange,
P. of H.

Solon R. Baker was born in Haver-
hill, N. H., and was educated in
Haverhill Academy. Before coming
to Concord he had been engaged in the
general merchandise business in East
Tilton and Gilmanton. In January,
1915, he became a partner in the florist
concern of Charles V. Kimball, where
he still continues. Mr. Baker is a
member of the Peaked Hill Grange,
P. of H., and the Doric Lodge of
Masons.

Charles F. Thompson

One of the substantial and well
known business men of Concord is
Charles F. Thompson, proprietor of a
successful shoe store at 134 North
Main street. Mr. Thompson has not
confined his activities to the shoe busi-
ness, however, having always given
generously of his time and influence to
further any enterprise of a civic na-
ture. He served the state well as a
legislator during the important session
of 1909.

278

The Granite Mo?ithly

Mr. Thompson was born in this House that had in charge the measure
city on January 17, 1868, the young- authorizing the State House addition.

est son of John and Mary Ellen (Daly)

Charles F. Thompson

Thompson, natives of Ireland. He
was educated in the schools of this
city, becoming an apprentice in the
painters' trade at the age of fifteen
years. He continued in this business
for three years and then entered the
employ of his elder brother, the late W.
H. Thompson, as a shoe clerk. He
afterwards was employed by a Boston
firm and in 1890 started his own shoe
business in this city.

On September 29, 1891 he married
Miss Mary Anne Dooley, and they
have two children, Marion Elizabeth
and Charles Francis. He is a member
of St. John's Catholic Church.

Mr. Thompson was a Ward Seven
Republican member of the house of
representatives that passed the direct
primary law in 1909. He took a
leading part in that session, being
father of the weekly payment bill.
He was a member of the Public Im-
provement Committee that accom-
plished much for New Hampshire
roads and of the Committee on State

Mr. Thompson is a member of the
New Hampshire Historical Society,
Knights of Pythias, Foresters of
America, Pilgrim Fathers, Elks, and
Veteran Firemen's Association and
Board of Trade.

Concord Cement Works
Over on the beautiful Concord
Heights is located the plant of the
Concord Cement Works, the only
concern in the Capital City engaged
in the manufacture of concrete blocks
and bricks. The fact that the trend
of the times is towards the use of
concrete in all up-to-date methods of
construction opens up a wide field
of business for a wide awake concern
and the local company made its
initial grasp at the opportunity thus
afforded two years ago.

At that time Mrs. Grace G. Dutton
purchased several acres of land on the
Loudon road, two miles east of the
city proper, which contained a fine
gravel bank. Knowing of the excel-
lent opportunity which existed in the
field of concrete manufacture, she
caused a large shed to be erected near
the bank and installed a late model
machine for the manufacture of con-
crete blocks. Mrs. Dutton then put
her son, Earl S. Dutton, in charge of
the business and he has since been

Garage Erected by Concord Cement Co.

actively identified with it as superin-
tendent and manager.

Since the start, the company has

The Business Section of Concord

279

made rapid strides in the equipment
of the plant and also in the amount
of construction work accomplished.
For the first two seasons, 1913 and
1914, the work was limited to the con-
struction of concrete blocks and the
erection of buildings in which these
blocks were employed as the building
material. Numerous garages were
made, of which one, owned by Deputy
Marshal Victor I. Moore of the Con-
cord police force and located at 4
Wall Street, is shown in the accom-
panying photograph.

crete manufacturers — -better not only
because of the fact that it makes a
better looking and stronger brick,
but also because steam curing can
be accomplished in a small fraction
of the time that it takes to cure
bricks by water.

Of course the local company can
turn out only a small proportion of
the ten billion bricks that are used
annually in the United States, but
they have adopted the policy of put-
ting quality far ahead of quantity and,
as a result, are turning out a con-

The Old Carpenter Paint Shop

This spring a late model Helm
Press was installed for the manufac-
ture of concrete bricks. This machine
is a wonderful specimen of the invent-
ive genius of C. F. Helm, a pioneer
in the field of concrete manufacture
whose factory is located in Cadillac,
Mich. It makes ten bricks at a time
under enormous pressure and has a
capacity of 15,000 bricks a day.
These bricks have been proven to
be far superior to the common red
or clay brick and can be manufac-
tured in any desired style or color.
After being turned out of the machine
they are steam cured, a process far
better than the method of water cur-
ing adopted by the majority of con-

crete brick that cannot be bettered
in the open market today.

Wellington Carpenter

The picture of the old-time Bridge
Street paint shop of T. J. Carpenter,
which accompanies this article, will
bring to the minds of many readers,
the new and up-to-date paint shop
of Wellington Carpenter, a son of T. J.
Carpenter, which was built in 1892,
just a few feet west of the site of the
old shop shown in the photograph.

Mr. Wellington Carpenter was born
in this city in 1861. As a young man
he learned the machinist trade, but,
as sort of a side line, acquired the
secrets of house painting and paper

280

The Granite Monthly

hanging in the well-known shop of his
father. For five years, previous to
1892, he devoted his whole time to his
father's business and, upon the occa-
sion of his father's death in that year,
took up the business at the old stand.
In August, 1892, the old shop was
torn down, after the business had been
moved into its present location, and
with it there passed into history one
of the old landmarks of the city. At

which accompanies the article. He
has built numerous bridges all over the
state for towns and for the railroad.
He has an extensive equipment for
doing heavy work, in fact big jobs are
his specialty. Several steam der-
ricks of fifteen tons capacity, steam
shovels with a capacity of one cubic
yard, bottom dump buckets for de-
positing cement under water, pile
drivers, mixers and steam pumps —

■*"'

Granolithic Sidewalk around Historical Building, by Normandeau

the present time Mr. Carpenter's ex- such machinery as this is what Mr.

tensive business is handled in the best
possible manner in his well-equipped
and model shop at 7 Bridge Street.

J. E. Normandeau
J E Normandeau, contractor in
granolithic, concrete and stone work,
with an office at his home 27 Grove
Street, Concord, has been engaged in
hxS present, busings practically all of
his life. In 1905 he started in busi-
ness for himself, and that he has pros-
pered is evidenced by the fact that
last year he did over $60,000 worth of
work.

Mr. Normandeau believes in doing
high class work. By following out
this business principle, every piece of
construction work becomes a perma-
nent and lasting advertisement for
him. One of his best pieces of work
in Concord is the elegant granolithic
walk which encircles the artistic home
of the New Hampshire Historical
Society on Park Street, a picture of

Normandeau owns and uses in the
extensive work which takes him all
over New Hampshire and many times
into the adjacent states.

J. E. Normandeau

The Business Section of Conco?*d

281

Although the business in which Mr.
Normandeau is engaged is as old as
history itself, yet in recent years there
have been wonderful developments in
the use of cement and concrete in con-
struction work. Aside from the sterl-
ing business principles which he em-
ploys, Mr. Normandeau may attribute
a large part of his success to the fact
that he has kept fully abreast of the
times as regards the new and scientific
methods of construction used in his
work. Therefore if a man finds fault
with a job of cement work, he should
blame the contractor, not the cement.

W. Houghlett, and three years from
that time the latters' interest was pur-
chased by Mr. A. H. Britton, who has
been sole proprietor since.

The growth of the business has been
steady and has increased to such an
extent that it reaches all over Merri-
mack County. The firm occupies two
floors and a basement at 12 North
Main Street and has a large ware-
house in the rear. Aside from a full
line of hardware, stoves, paint, oil and
glass, there is connected with the
business a sheet-metal workshop, the
oldest and largest of its kind in the

A. H. Britton's Store

A. H. Britton & Company

The hardware business of A. H.
Britton & Company, situated at 12
North Main Street, was established
in 1885 by Frank O. Scribner and
George W. Britton, under the firm
name of Scribner & Britton. Upon
the death of Mr. Scribner, in 1895,
his interest in the business was pur-
chased by Arthur H. Britton and the
firm name changed to A. H. Britton &
Company. Later the senior Mr. Brit-
ton disposed of his interest to Edward

city, employing several tinsmiths and
doing all kinds of tin, sheet-iron and
copper work.

The proprietor, Arthur H. Britton,
was born in Surry, N. H., September
28, 1865, the oldest child of George
W. and Sarah H. Britton. When
quite young his parents moved to
Newport where he was educated in
the public schools and later at Pough-
keepsie, N. Y. Upon leaving school
he came to Concord and entered his
father's employ as a clerk and has

282

The Granite Monthly

remained in the store ever since as
clerk, equal partner and proprietor.

He represented Ward Six of Con-
cord in the legislature of 1901-02, and
was elected a county commissioner in
1904; he has since been elected five
times, for terms of two years each, by
largely increased majorities. Mr.
Britton has taken an active interest
in county affairs and has devoted
much time and study to the duties
of his important office. For several
years Mr. Britton has been chairman
of the Merrimack County Board of
Commissioners and, at the present
time, is also serving as chairman of
the New Hampshire State Association
of County Commissioners. Mr. Brit-
ton's wide knowledge of county affairs

including moldings and has built
some of the most recent of the modern
residences in this city. He has also
erected many fine homes outside of
Concord.

The plant itself is complete in
every detail and covers practically an
acre of ground. The main building
consists of two stories and a base-
ment 35 feet by 75 feet. There is a large
wing 22 by 40 feet, which contains
the drying house and boiler rooms.
In the rear is a great yard, with
facilities for storing thousands of
feet of lumber, and in the back of the
yard is a large stable.

Mr. Swain has been in the building
business for fourteen years and has
had an experience of thirty-six years

Office and Mill of C. H. Swain & Co.

has gained for him an enviable repu-
tation among men who specialize in
that branch of public service.

On February 14, 1895, Mr. Britton
married Myrta M. Chase of Newport.
He is a member of Blazing Star lodge,
A. F. & A. M. ; White Mountain Lodge
and Canton Wildey, I. 0. 0. F.; Capi-
tal Grange; Concord Lodge, B. P. O.
E. ; Wonolancet Club, and is a director
of the Mechanicks National Bank.

C. H. Swain & Company

One of the largest and probably
the best-equipped contractor and
builder's shop in this section of the
state is that of C. H. Swain & Com-
pany at 26 Bridge Street, Concord.
Mr. C. H. Swain, the owner and
manager of this extensive business,
deals in all kinds of building lumber,

as a carpenter. In 1901 he started
in business in the old Ferrin building,
and in 1903 moved to the building
in the rear of Emmons' store, where
he remained until his new Bridge
Street plant was completed, in 1912.
Mr. Swain is a high type of citizen and
the city is indeed fortunate to include
his business within its boundaries,

The William B. Durgin Company

Concord is justly proud of its lead-
ing manufacturing interest, the
William B. Durgin Company, in-
corporated, makers of the highest
type sterling silverware. The con-
cern is a source of civic pride, not
alone for sentimental reasons, but for
the practical reason that it is bringing
thousands of dollars into the city
annually. This nationally prominent

The Business Section of Concord

283

company employs in the vicinity of
two hundred skilled workmen of the
highest type — men who are a credit
to any community. The fact that
the Durgin Company has an enviable
reputation from coast to coast and
from the Gulf to Canada has given
the widest and best kind of publicity
to the city wherein it is located, thus
affording another reason for the civic
pride above mentioned. The men
are given steady employment now, in
spite of the unhappy conditions that
prevail abroad, and the company has

Street theatre. In 1904 that building
was vacated and the company moved
into the modern plant which it now
occupies. Before the change in lo-
cation was made, the William B.
Durgin corporation was formed.

In 1905, before the deaths of Mr.
Durgin and his son, George, the
majority of the company stock was
purchased by New York capitalists
who secured the services of Barton P.
Jenks and elected him president and
general manager. In 1906 the com-
pany purchased the plant and good-

William B. Durgin Factory

evinced its faith in the signs of
approaching prosperity by making
extensive additions to the beautiful
and well-kept plant which is located
on White Street, opposite White Park.
The company was founded in 1853,
when William B. Durgin, an eminent
citizen who died in 1905, came to this
city and started a small business near
the Free Bridge Road. He had been
born in Campton and had served as
an apprentice with the Newell-Hard-
ing Company of Boston, Mass. His
high business principles won for him
immediate recognition, and about
fifty years ago he erected a factory on
the present site of Conn's School

will of Goodnow & Company, the
Boston concern with which Mr. Jenks
had formerly been identified.

Mr. Jenks, the president of the
company, is considered the foremost
designer of silverware patterns in this
country today, he having added to his
enviable reputation by putting on the
market four years ago a design which
has since become the leader of all
sterling silver flatware patterns, the
Fairfax. This design was so success-
ful that the market has since been
flooded with some twenty imitations
of it,

The personnel of the company at
the present time is: president, Barton

284

The Granite Monthly

P. Jenks; vice-president and treas- A. B. Batchelder carried on the busi-
urer, John B. Abbott; manager and ness alone until July 1, 1913. At that

time he sold out to two of his faithful
clerks, F. W. Crosby, who had been

~. 4(H| j8l|>.

superintendent, Edward E. Brown;
assistant treasurer, John G. Kerr;
directors, Edward Holbrook, John S.
Holbrook, William S. Stone, Ben-
jamin A. Kimball, Frank S. Streeter,
Barton P. Jenks, John B. Abbott.

Batchelder & Company
For practically one third of the
hundred and fifty years which have
elapsed since Concord was chartered
as a town, the grocery business of
Batchelder & Company has with-
stood the effects of time and weath-
ered many a financial panic at the old
stand, 14 North Main Street. There
is but one other store in the city that
has as long a record.

In 1866, N. S. Batchelder, a native
of Loudon, established the business
which has been so successful for half
a century. In 1867 John T. and
A. B. Batchelder, brothers, but in no

Emerson Davis

with the company thirteen years, and
Emerson Davis, who had been con-
nected with the firm for a period of
nine years. These young men are
continuing the business on the same
substantial basis as their predecessors
with the result that the growth of the
concern is still healthy and increasing
daily.

The latest venture of the house,
and one that will attract the atten-
tion of the grocery trade of the coun-
try, is the publishing of a mail order
catalog which will be distributed
freely all over the state of New Hamp-
shire. A mailing list which includes
the best trade in one hundred and
sixty towns and cities of New Hamp-
shire has been prepared and these
families will receive the catalog quar-
terly. Standard groceries are adver-
tised on the left-hand pages of the
way related to the first proprietor, booklet and on the right-hand pages
bought out the business. This part- are found the list of goods and the
nership continued until the death of prices. It is expected that the corn-
John T. Batchelder, in 1905, and Mr. pany will soon be handling a large

Freeman W. Crosby

The Business Section of Concord

285

mail order business as a result of the
venture, the first of its kind in New
Hampshire.

That the firm is up-to-date and
alive to its opportunities is shown by
the institution of a motor-car delivery
system, whereby the radius of delivery
has been increased to include Pena-
cook, West Concord, St. Paul's School
and Hopkinton. The city trade is
also taken care of in the same manner.
The firm of Batchelder & Company
has always handled the high-class
and staple lines of groceries and has
been eminently fair and just in its
dealings with the public. Although
the business is one of the most con-
servative type, the proprietors have
always kept fully up with the spirit
of the times and only recently placed
on the market a new brand of break-
fast food called Swheatmeal, which
already has become immensely popu-
lar in this section. At the present
time the firm has twelve employees
and even with this large force it is
necessary for Mr. Crosby and Mr.
Davis to keep busy on the floor of
the establishment all day long.

George L. Theobald

George L. Theobald, general con-
tractor and dealer in horses, is one of
of Concord's substantial citizens, and
that he conducts an extensive busi-
ness is evidenced by the fact that he
gives employment to over thirty
men and in his dray business, uses
from thirty-five to forty horses.

Mr. Theobald was born in Warrens-
burg, N. Y., February 6, 1851, the
oldest son of Joseph T. and Samantha
(March) Theobald. He received his
early education in the public schools
of that city, but at the age of twelve
years began to earn his own living,
accepting employment then at the
Rockwell Hotel at Lucerne, N. Y.,
where he remained until he was
twenty. At that time he became a
traveling salesman. In 1874 he came
to Manchester, where he started a
general contracting business which he
moved to Concord two years later.

Since 1876 Mr. Theobald has built
up a flourishing business for himself
in this city. Aside from his general
contracting business he is a dealer
in horses and real estate and owns
some fine racing stock. One of his
largest contracting jobs was the
Salem, (N. H.) race track, on which
he employed six hundred men and
two hundred fifty horses for a period
of five months. Mr. Theobald has
contributed considerable of his time

George L. Theobald

and energy to the upbuilding of the
Capital City and its interests.

The Rumford Press

The one hundred and fiftieth anni-
versary of the chartering of Concord
as a town has developed a large
amount of interest in the growth and
development of the city, and the
various interests which make up the
business life of Concord. Without
any exaggeration it is undoubtedly
true that the one business which has
made the greatest material strides in
advance in the shortest space of time
is the Rumford Press. It is not
necessary to go back a long number

286

The Granite Monthly

of years and compare the business of
that time with the company's business
today in order to make a profound
showing of growth, but merely turn
back a few years in the pages of local
business history and the interesting
comparison will be evident.

In the December, 1909, number of
the Granite Monthly was an in-

Aladdin-like growth of the local
printing house become obvious.

The history of the company, pre-
vious to 1909, has already been thor-
oughly covered in the issue of this
magazine mentioned above, but it
will be interesting to trace the growth
from that period. In 1909 there was
a reorganization of the old company.

The Rumford Press

teresting and comprehensive sketch
of the Rumford Press up to that time,
in which the magnitude of the business
was clearly set forth by stating that
employment was given to sixty-five
hands and the weekly payroll was
between $700 and $800. Today,
after the short space of six years, the
total payroll is approximately $2,000
per week and the number of hands
employed is 150. Thus does the

Hon. William E. Chandler was elected
president, Dr. S. N. D. North and
William S. Rossiter, vice-presidents,
and John D. Bridge, treasurer and
general manager. The board of di-
rectors included Hon. William E.
Chandler, William S. Rossiter, Hon.
George H. Moses, Harlan C. Pearson
and John D. Bridge. At that time
the company occupied about three
quarters of the old Monitor building

The Business Section of Concord 287

and today the entire building is in which has been accomplished in the

use as well as four large outside store- past few years.

houses. Recently the company printed the

The fact that the business has papers and publications of the Inter-
expanded since 1909 to the extent national Congress of Applied Chemis-
that it is now drawn from fifteen try, held in New York. The work con-
states in the Union may be attributed sisted of over 6,000 pages in twenty-
in part to the influence of the two nine volumes, the whole printed in four
new members of the firm, Mr. Wil- languages and only about ten weeks'
liam S. Rossiter and Dr. S. N. D. time was allowed for the work, the sue-
North, both men of national prom- cessful completion of which elicited the
inence in publication circles. A re- highest praise from eminent chemists
cent article on the history of the and scientists of the whole world,
company says of them: This is but one of the large contracts

"Doctor North for twenty years that the company has recently filled,

was actively engaged in journalism but it gives a very comprehensive idea

and literary pursuits. For six years of the magnitude of the plant that

he was the director of the United can handle such an immense job in a

States Census, and is now statistician highly successful manner,
of the Carnegie Foundation for Inter- The entire equipment of the plant

national Peace. He prepared the is modern and the latest scientific

exhaustive report on printing and methods are employed in conducting

journalism at the Tenth Census, since the business, not only of the mechan-

regarded as a standard authority. ical end but of the clerical and office

"Mr. William S. Rossiter was chief work as well. The heart of the plant

clerk of the Federal Census, and was is in the business office where direct

in charge of the printing and pub- tabs are kept on every piece of work,

lishing of the censuses of 1900 and from the time it is received in manu-

1905. He was summoned to Wash- script form until it goes out of the

ington in 1900 to take charge of the building ready for shipment,
publication of the Twelfth Census, Steady and permanent work is

and he lifted them out of the routine afforded by the company to its

of government printing. It was this employees, all of whom are residents

experience and service which led Pres- of Concord, and among the highest-

ident Roosevelt, in 1907, to select paid class of citizens. For this reason

Mr. Rossiter for the difficult task of alone the company is a great asset to

investigating and reorganizing the the Capital City, but its worth to

government printing office. Mr. the municipality is further manifest

Rossiter wrote the census reports through the fact that it is constantly

of 1900 and 1905 on the printing in- bringing before the people of other

dustry." states, and even of other countries,

The present treasurer and business the name "Concord, N. H." In

manager of the company, Mr. John this day of hustle and bustle, when

D. Bridge, first associated himself all the cities in the country are im-

with the Rumford Press in 1902 and pressing upon their respective board

it was only through his own extensive of trade and other civic organiza-

knowledge of the printing business, tions the necessity of advertising the

combined with his shrewdness and municipality, the value of advertising

energy, that the concern was kept to a city name is highly appreciated and

the fore and put upon a paying basis, the capital of New Hampshire could

Since the reorganization he has had not receive more favorable publicity

the most prominent part in carrying than through the imprint of the

out the stupendous amount of work Rumford Press.

288

The Granite Monthly

The Evans Press His work, which is of the highest

When a printer can keep fully character, always bears the union

abreast of the times in the transaction label.

of his business he must necessarily be , Mr. Evans is affiliated with many

local fraternal organizations and clubs.
He is public spirited to a high degree,
ever anxious to assist in any project
of civic interest. He is a Republican
and was elected to the last legislature
from Ward Four, receiving the largest
vote of any candidate in the ward.
Mr. Evans married Ruth H. Buntin
on October 7, 1908, and they have
two children, Carl and Charlotte.

Thomas J. Dyer
Thomas J. Dyer, one of the well
known and popular printers, was
born in Graniteville, Mass., on Sep-
tember 22, 1875. His father, the
late Josiah B. Dyer, was for many
years secretary of the Granite Cutters'
National Union and editor of the
Stone Trade Neivs and Building Jour-
nal. Mr. Dyer was educated in the
public schools of Brooklyn, N. Y.,

Ira Leon Evans

a hustler, for, in these days of modern
business and intensive advertising,
the demands on this trade are great.
Ira Leon Evans, proprietor of the
Evans Press at 27 North Main Street,
is a keen student of his own business,
ever awake and watching for the op-
portunity to keep step with progress
in the rapid onward march of the
printing business.

Born July 14, 1884, he was educated
in Concord public schools, graduating
from the high school in 1905 and at
once entering the business of his
father, the late Ira C. Evans, who
was one of the best-known printers
in the state. Although he had worked
at the trade off and on since June
28, 1897, it was on Dec. 3, 1910, that
he started business for himself in a
small way, but careful attention to
details has caused the business to ex-
pand wonderfully since its institution,

and he now has one of the largest the printing trade. In 1900 he en-
and best-equipped plants in the city, tered business for himself and now

Thomas J. Dyer

Philadelphia and Barre, Vt., coming
to Concord in 1891, where he learned

The Business Section of Concord

289

runs a job printing establishment in
the State Block at 77 North Main
Street. He has been keen to follow
the latest ideas in printing and turns
out a large quantity of high-class work.

Mr. Dyer has received many politi-
cal honors at the hands of his con-
stituents in Ward Six, he being a
steadfast Republican. In 1905 and
1906, he was ward clerk. In 1907
and 1908, he represented the ward in
common council of the city. He was
reelected to the council in 1909 and
1910. In this body he was for four
years clerk of the Committee on
Accounts and Claims and a member
of the Committee on Bills on Second
Reading. He was chairman of the
latter committee for two years and
in 1913-14 was supervisor of the
checklist.

Mr. Dyer has been active in all
the work of the local board of trade;
is affiliated with a number of local
organizations and clubs and as secre-
tary of the anniversary advertising
and printing committee, has had much
to do with making Concord's 150th
Anniversary a great success.

Joseph O. W. Phaneuf
Few, indeed, are better known in
this locality than Joseph O. W.
Phaneuf, son of Joseph and Malvina
(Jarest) Phaneuf, who was born
March 19, 1877. His parents are of
French Canadian descent, his father
leaving St. Hyacinthe, P. Q., in 1868
to enter the employ of the Concord
People, where he remained until 1893,
when he established himself. Mr.
Phaneuf 's mother came to Concord in
1871 and on February 28, 1876, his
parents were married at St. John's
Church by the late Rev. John E.
Barry.

Joseph, eldest of seven children,
graduated from the Sacred Heart
School in June, 1892, and started his
career as a printer in August of the
same year, being deeply interested in
the art of printing and composition.
Although his parents did not favor
the trade chosen by him, the reading

of printers' journals and the intense
enthusiasm of his father for the trade
were too hard for him to overcome.

At the completion of his appren-
ticeship he was taken in partnership
with his father, and, in spite of the
panic in 1893-96, the firm prospered.
Persistent advertising had its usual
effect and in 1899 Phaneuf & Son
were confronted with the necessity
of enlarging the plant or selecting
desirable customers. They finally de-
cided against enlarging and adopted

Joseph O. W. Phaneuf

the policy that they have always kept
up since then, namely: "Not Big
Business in Large Quantities, but
Good Business at the Right Price."
That they have been successful goes
without saying and today "Quality
Printing" and "Printed by Phaneuf &
Son" mean the same. Their list of
customers comprise one of the most
exclusive in the city. Since the death
of his father, the affairs of the firm
have been ably taken care of by the
junior partner.

Mr. Phaneuf is a member of the
executive committee of the Board
of Trade which had full charge of

290

The Granite Monthly

the One Hundred Fiftieth Anniver-
sary observance and in that capacity
has worked diligently for its success.
He has held important offices in the
Canados, St. Jean Baptiste and St.
Vincent de Paul, fraternal and chari-
table societies devoted to the interests
of the French-speaking population
of Concord, and belongs to several
social and fraternal organizations,
among which might be mentioned
the Foresters of America, Improved
Order of Red Men, Fraternal Order
of Eagles, White Mountain Travelers'
Association, Concord Typographical
Union, New Hampshire Press Asso-
ciation, Concord Board of Trade and
the Concord Press Club. He is demo-
cratic in principles, believes in equal
suffrage and the single tax.

Ira C. Evans Company
Among Concord's most prosperous
business interests is the Ira C. Evans
Company, which is the outgrowth of
the printing plant established by
the late Ira C. Evans in 1884. Roy
E. George, the present manager of
the establishment, entered the em-
ploy of Mr. Evans on May 1, 1892,
and at the death of the latter, Januarjr
22, 1902, assumed the management
of the plant, in which capacity he
has proven himself to be a most
successful and progressive business
man, the present output of the plant

more than doubling under his direct
supervision. The high standard
adopted by Mr. Evans has been con-
tinually added to by the present
concern, which is ranked as one of
largest and best in the state.

Roy E. George was born in Bristol,
September 7, 1871, the son of Frank
H. and Martha J. (Currier) George.
He was educated in the public schools
of this city and on January 12, 1898,
was married to Mabel Florence,
daughter of Ira C. and Helen G.
Evans. They have two children,
Robert Arthur, fifteen, and Frank
Evans, who is eleven years of age.

He is prominently affiliated with
several fraternal and socia organiza-
tions, being a member of Eureka
Lodge, A. F. & A. M., Trinity Royal
Arch Chapter, Horace Chase Council,
Mount Horeb Commandery, Knights
Templar, New Hampshire Consis-
tory, and Bektash Temple, Mystic
Shrine. He is connected with the
Sons of Veterans and is a member of
the Wonolancet Club. Mr. George is
also a director in the Concord Build-
ing and Loan Association.

The present Ira C Evans Company
does both job and book printing of
the best character, and offers employ-
ment to many Concord people. Its
plant occupies two floors and base-
ment in the Insurance Building at
12 School Street.

CONCORD'S NEW BRIDGES

One hundred and fifty years ago, being replaced by the city. The new
when the proprietors of the "Planta- bridges will be of a fourth style, the
tion of Penny-cook" were granted a first of the type used in this section,
town charter by the provincial legis- and the best ever erected in this part
lature, bridges across the Merrimack of the country. The balance-beam
River had hardly been dreamed of and bridge was the type in general use in
crossing of the river in the summer was this locality until about 1850, but
by ferries, and in the winter upon the none of the bridges that are to be re-
ice. So forty years after the granting placed were of this type. The second
of the charter, when the first bridge style was a lattice bridge, supported
built in this city was thrown open to on stone piers and covered with a long
the public with gay ceremonies on shingle roof. The Concord Bridge,
October 29, 1795, it is little wonder now called the Pembroke Bridge; the
that the inhabitants considered the Sewell's Falls Bridge, and the Bur-
completion of the undertaking as an rough Bridge, over the canal near the
epoch-making event. Holden Mills in Penacook, were all of

Today, one hundred and ten years this type. The third style of bridge,

after the opening of the first bridge, first introduced some thirty years

the city is engaged in the work of ago, and no longer practical on ac-

erecting five massive steel structures count of the evolution in the methods

which will bridge several streams all of travel, was the open, iron-truss

within the city limits, and but com- bridge and the Federal Bridge, still

paratively few people of the city real- called by that name, and the Pena-

ize the work which is going on, and a cook Bridge, now called the Main

less number appreciate the magnitude Street Bridge, were examples of this

or cost of the undertaking. particular type. The fourth style of

In October, 1795, the first structure, bridge to be built during the history
known as the Concord Bridge, cross- of Concord is a massive, steel struc-
ing the Merrimack at the foot of ture, as stated above, with solid con-
Water Street, was thrown open to the crete floors, designed to carry the
public. In the fall of 1798 the first heaviest type of motor vehicle or trac-
" Federal bridge," located over the tion engine.

Merrimack at East Concord, was In the spring of 1914, after several
opened to travel. Five times this large auto trucks had broken through
bridge was swept away by freshets, city bridges, the board of public
the sixth and present bridge being works ordered the city engineer to
erected in 1873. The first main make an inspection of all bridges
highway bridge, between Penacook within the confines of the city, with
and Boscawen, was erected in 1826 the result that in his report he recom-
and since that time two other bridges mended that the five bridges just
have replaced the first, the last being mentioned be strengthened or re-
built in 1898. The first Sewell's placed with suitable modern struc-
Falls Bridge was built in 1832, but like tures. At a later meeting the engi-
the Federal bridges it was often car- neer was authorized to instruct the
ried away by floods, being rebuilt local engineering firm of Storrs &
three times. History does not re- Storrs to draw plans and specifica-
cord when the first bridge was built tions for the purpose of securing bids
across the canal near Holden's Mills for the construction of a new Pem-
in Penacook. broke bridge. This was done and an

These five bridges were of three dis- exceptionally low price secured by

tinct styles, and are mentioned be- reason of the prevailing financial

cause they are the ones that are now affairs at home and abroad, caused by

292

The Granite Monthly

the European War. The lowest bid
was 25 per cent under the normal
price for similar work, and this so
encouraged the city government that
the firm of Storrs & Storrs was asked
to furnish plans and specifications for
the four other bridges. The same
low figures were received on these
other bridges, the city making a total
saving of some $20,000 by doing the
work at this time.

The new structures will be the high-

two 157-foot spans, making a total
length of 449 feet, with an 18-foot
roadway. Sewell's Falls Bridge — one
168-foot span, one 170-foot span, mak-
ing a total of 338 feet in length, with
an 18-foot roadway.

The firm of Storrs & Storrs is the
only engineering firm in New England
making a specialty of bridge design,
and that they are engineers of the
highest character is evidenced by the
expression of confidence which this

Offices of Storrs & Storrs

est type of highway bridges to be
found in New England, and the fol-
lowing dimensions will be of inter-
est: Pembroke Bridge — two spans
of 152 feet, one of 85 feet, and one of
81 feet, a total of 470 feet in length,
with an 18-foot roadway and a 5-foot
walk. Main Street Bridge — three
spans of 63 feet each, a total of 189
feet in length, with a 25-foot roadway
and two 5-foot sidewalks. Borough
Bridge- — one 95-foot span with an
18-foot roadway and 5-foot sidewalk.
Federal Bridge — one 135-foot span,

city displayed in their ability when the
work of drawing plans and specifica-
tion for the construction of five new
bridges, as well as the supervision of
the construction work itself, was
placed in their hands.

The firm, formed in 1909, has ex-
tensive and well-appointed offices at
59 North Main Street. The senior
member of the firm, John W. Storrs,
was born in Montpelier, Vt., but has
resided in this city for the past fort}'
years. For twenty years he was em-
ployed by the Boston & Maine Rail-

Apple Bloom

293

road to supervise new construction
and the building of bridges. In 1903
he was made state engineer for Car-
roll, Coos, and Grafton counties
and has also served as consulting en-
gineer for the Montpelier and Wells
River and the Woodstock railroads.
At the present time he is chief engi-
neer for the New Hampshire Public
Service Commission. He is a mem-
ber both the Boston and American
Societies of Civil Engineers.

Edward D. Storrs, junior member

of the firm and son of the senior mem-
ber, was born in Concord on February
20, 1886, graduating from the Concord
High School in 1904 and getting prac-
tical education along engineering lines
by working for two years with the
Boston & Maine, and for one year
with the Empire Bridge Company at
Elmira, N. Y. Returning to this city
he entered business with his father and
the firm has already achieved an en-
viable reputation in the engineering
circles of the East.

APPLE BLOOM

By Thomas H. Stacy

I want the orchard fields today, spread wide
In sunkissed green; where' mid a sapphire sky,

On leaning tree-trunks, books and walls beside,
Rest clouds of pink and white, which never fly.

I want the fragrance of the apple bloom,
As petals fall like careless, sifting snow,

— From tangled feet of bees, that hum and boom,—
In tapestries, upon the grass below.

O clouds of attared blossoms, sweeter far

Than jars which ships from orient harbors bring;

As beautiful as their fulfillment are,
These promises of ladened harvesting.

'Mid zephyrs flying over hill and tree,
And odors drifting on the drowsy air,

The orchard fields are softly calling me,
For apple trees are blooming over there.

z;
o

CONCORD'S WONOLANCET CLUB

One Concord institution which has generosity, which he had modestly

had a most beneficial effect on the tried to keep hidden, was found to be

municipality is the Wonolancet Club, at the bottom of the anonymous gift,

for not only has it proven an ideal By reason of his wide influence many

social center, but, as an organization, of the best-known men in public life

it has taken a deep and active in- have been induced to address the

terest in all civic betterment move- members on a variety of timely and

ments, and has provided its members helpful topics.

with unusual opportunities to hear The Wonolancet Club was formed

some of the foremost men of the on June 6, 1891, and the object of

country speak on subjects of vital the organization was to promote

interest and importance. Then again athletic activity in the city and

the democratic sentiment which pre- particularly among the members,

vails in the organization produces an Rooms were leased in the Chase

ideal atmosphere for the moulding Block on North Main Street, and a

of public-spirited citizens. gymnasium fitted out in the most

The present club home is an attract- approved manner. An athletic in-
ive edifice, centrally located, at the structor was engaged and thereafter
corner of North State and Pleasant the Wonolancet Club was represented
streets. The ground floor contains, by some of the best athletic teams
besides the large entrance halls, a that the city has ever had.
lounging room, card and reading For nearly ten years the club re-
rooms, the directors' suite and the mained in the old quarters, but the
recently installed library. On the leaders never allowed the interest
second floor is a large hall, used for in the organization to deteriorate,
entertainments, lectures and dances, In fact it is due in no small measure
and also another spacious room, to these leaders that different methods
formerly a grill room, which is oc- and means were employed, from time
casiotfally used for dining purposes, to time, to stimulate new interest in
The third floor contains the con- the club, for the purpose of insuring
veniently arranged and modern a healthy and substantial growth,
equipped kitchens, while in the base- In 1900 the question of enlarging the
ment is found the popular billiard quarters was discussed and as a result
and pool room, with its six tables in of the agitation at that time the
almost constant use. Fuller property at the corner of

The head of the club today is Gen. North State and Pleasant streets was
Frank Sherwin Streeter, a well-known purchased. Plans were secured, and
resident of the Capital City, who has in July, 1901, the club occupied the
achieved a wide reputation as an new building which is used as its
attorney. General Streeter, who has present home. The new club house
been head of the club for the past made possible the amalgamation of
ten years, has interested himself the University Club with the Wono-
deeply in its welfare and during his lancet, which was greatly to the ad-
long term of office the club has made vantage of both organizations,
wonderful strides in the matter of Aside from the activities of the
growth and influence. It was through club already mentioned, there is a
him that an unknown donor pre- course of high class musical and
sented a carefully selected library of dramatic entertainments each season,
several thousand volumes to the club frequent Sunday afternoon musicals
in December, 1912. Afterwards, the and the usual social dances, which
secret of the donor's identity became are particularly popular with the
known and President Streeter's own younger members.

--*"*..

Qty-'^Wl64Z<Cas'

tttly

CAPITAL CITY WOMEN

Concord has been known for gener- ments, whose progress has made

ations, not as a great manufacturing possible the prominent part which

town, or a hustling center of commer- woman is now taking in the vital

cial activity, but, in addition to its affairs of life.

political importance, as the seat of Born in Mendon, Mass., November
culture and refinement, of social, 1, 1817, of Quaker parentage, daugh-
civic and educational progress. For ter of John and Harriet (Smith)
its position in this regard it is largely Aldrich, she removed with her parents
indebted to its women, among whom to Boscawen in this state in 1830, and
have been many of the state's most on her nineteenth birthday anniver-
active leaders along the lines of social sary became the wife of the late
and civic betterment, charitable and Nathaniel White, whose worthy ca-
benevolent organization, musical art, reer is briefly sketched elsewhere in
and intellectual advancement. The this issue, and from that time to the
Concord Woman's Club has long stood present— a period of nearly eighty
at the head among kindred organiza- years — she has been an active factor
tions in the state; the woman's char- in the life of the community. In
itable and temperance organizations 1848 the family occupied the residence
of the city are unsurpassed in influ- on School Street, which has ever
ence and usefulness; the Shakespeare since been the seat of generous hos-
Club and other literary societies have pitality and of model American home
long done good work; Rumford Chap- life, whose presiding genius has been
ter, D. A. R., ranks high among as perfect a type of modest woman-
patriotic organizations; the Friendly hood, as she has been earnest in her
Club is without a peer in the state in efforts for the promotion of human
what it has done and is doing to welfare.

promote the social and moral welfare The story of Mrs. White's unas-
of the girls of the city, and to the suming, yet most efficient work in
women of the organization is largely various lines of effort for the better-
due the success of the Concord Ora- ment of humanity, in city, state and
torio Society. Concord, indeed, has nation, needs no detailed mention
good reason to be proud of its women, here. It is known to the world, and
to a few of whom only, can reference has been recounted in some measure
be made in this connection. in the pages of the Granite Monthly
__ in the past. In anti-slavery, tem-
perance, peace, woman suffrage, and
Armenia S. White general charitable work she has been

Everywhere and at all times, for a ever at the front, and her interest
generation past, Armenia S. White in all good causes is as strong in her
has been universally accorded first ninety-eighth year as ever in the past,
place among the women of Concord Her active life in Concord has covered
and of New Hampshire. Others may more than half of the period since
have been more prominent in social the granting of the charter whose
life, and in the activities which have one hundred fiftieth anniversary is
characterized the progressive woman- now celebrated, and no one has
hood of the state in recent years; contributed more than she to the
but for more than two score years record of progress that has been made,
Mrs. White was the leader among or has a better right to rejoice therein.
New Hampshire women, in all chari- Of the seven children born to Mr.
table, reform and philanthropic work, and Mrs. White, two only survive-
as well as in the important move- Mrs. Armenia E. Hobbs, and Benja-

298

The Granite Monthly

min C. White of this city, with an
adopted daughter, Harriet S. — Mrs.
D. P. Dearborn of Brattleboro, Vt.

Mary Parker Woodworth
The first New Hampshire graduate
from Vassar College, and the first
woman member of the Concord Board
of Education, Mary Parker Wood-
worth, ranks properly among the
first of our Capital City women in all
that makes for educational progress
and social and civic well being.
Born on Sugar Hill, Lisbon, May 3,

Mrs. Mary P. Woodworth

1849, daughter of Charles and Amelia
(Bennett) Parker, she fitted for college
at St. Johnsbury (Vt.) Academy,
being the only girl in a class of nine,
six of whom entered Dartmouth.
Entering Vassar in the sophomore
year she graduated with first honor in
1870, taught for a time in St. Johns-
bury Academy, and at St. Agnes Hall,
Bellows Falls, Vt.; married the late
Albert B. Woodworth, afterward
mayor of Concord, September 30,
1873, and has since had her home here.
Deeply interested in music, litera-
ture, and all lines of educational and

social progress, she has given thought
and effort, in unlimited measure to
their promotion. She served nine
years with great efficiency as a mem-
ber of the board of education, declin-
ing a reelection in 1899. She was
president of the Concord Woman's
Club from 1897 to 1899; has been
chairman of the Scholarship Fund
of the New Hampshire Federation
of Women's Clubs, the object of
which is the normal training of girls
for rural teachers, since its beginning
in 1904. She is a member of the Vas-
sar and Collegiate Alumnae associa-
tions, and has been twice president
of the Boston Branch. An active
adherent of the Protestant Episcopal
Church, she has been president of the
Woman's Auxiliary of the General
Board of Missions since 1912. She
is a graceful writer and a ready
speaker, in support of all causes in
which she is interested.

Mrs. Woodworth has three children
— Edward Knowlton, of the law
firm of Streeter, Demond, Wood-
worth & Sulloway; Charles Parker,
assistant treasurer of the Woodstock
Lumber Company, at Boston, and
Grace, active in the charitable and
social organizations of Concord.

Mrs. Lilian Carpenter Streeter
To Mrs. Lilian Carpenter Streeter
Concord's women's organizations owe
much. She has the honor of being
the founder and first president of
the Woman's Club and also bears
the title of "Founder and Honorary
President" of the New Hampshire
Federation of Woman's Club. Hav-
ing lived in Concord since 1877, she
has always been active in every social,
educational, and philanthropic move-
ment that has been brought to her
notice, and has in all her action
commanded the support and hearty
cooperation of her sex.

She is the daughter of Julia Good-
hall and Hon. A. P. Carpenter, chief
justice of New Hampshire, and grand-
daughter of Hon. Ira Goodhall (Dart-
mouth College, 1777), the first min-

Capital City Women

299

ister of the Congregational Church in
Littleton, N. H., a life-long resident
of the Granite State.

Having come to Concord with her
husband, Frank Sherwin Streeter, in
1877, she immediately became in-
terested in all deserving interests.
As the prime mover and organizer of
the Concord Ramabai Circle, as a
trustee of the Margaret Pillsbury
General Hospital, as leader of an
earnest band of King's Daughters,
as a devoted member and teacher of
the Unitarian Sunday school, she
has given true, devoted, and unselfish
service in every relation, at the same
time fulfilling every demand of the
social life of the Capital City, of
which she is one of its brightest orna-
ments.

One of the first things Mrs. Streeter
succeeded in accomplishing, after the
founding of the Woman's Club, was
the organizing of the Charities of
Concord. Having failed in her first
agitation, while chairman of the
Philanthropic Committee of the Wo-
man's Club, she gave an address upon
charities organization before the Wo-
man's Alliance of the Unitarian
Church, at which all ministers and
officers of charitable societies; in town,
were present. At the close of the
address a committee of five, with
Mrs. Streeter as chairman, was ap-
pointed to see about forming a Char-
ities Organization Society in Concord.
The society was organized March 23,
1903. She was vice-president of the
same until 1910 when she resigned.

Mrs. Streeter is connected with
almost every social organization of
the state. She was secretary of State
Board of Charities and Corrections
from 1899 to 1901; chairman from
1910 to 1911, when she resigned on
account of poor health; chairman of
Committee on Dependent Children,
State Conference of Charities and
Corrections, since 1910; chairman of
New Hampshire Children's Commis-
sion, 1913-15; representative from
New Hampshire, chosen by President
Roosevelt, to attend the National

Conference of Dependent Children
called by him at the White House in
January, 1909; now chairman of the
New Hampshire Children's commis-
sion of three members, authorized by
the legislature of 1913. Her report
has been called for from all over the
United States, from the Atlantic to
the Pacific coast, and from Maine to
Alabama; secretary of Concord's Dis-
trict Nursing Association from organ-
ization, in 1899, to 1909; president

Mrs. Frank. S. Streeter

from 1909 to 1913, when she resigned.
She is now honorary president; now
also chaplain for New Hampshire
of Membership and Finance Commit-
tee of National Association for Pub-
lic Health Nursery. Member North
American Academy of Political Sci-
ence; member of Social Service Com-
mission of Diocese of New Hampshire
since its formation in 1909, a member
of Social Service Commission of Pri-
mary Synod of the province of New
England, the only woman on the
commission; member of Visiting Com-
mittee of Orphans' Home at St. Paul's
School.

At the last National Conference of

300

The Granite Monthly

Charities and Corrections, held in Bal-
timore, May 12, 1915, Mrs. Streeter
gave a paper entitled, "The Relation
of Mental Defect to the Neglected, De-
pendent, and Delinquent Children of
New Hampshire." She is the only
woman who ever gave a paper of this
kind at a national conference.

Mrs. Streeter is a member of the
Rumford Chapter, D. A. R., and is
also prominently affiliated with the
Shakespeare, Friendly, Golf and Coun-
try Clubs.

Mrs. Mary Smith Remick

Of all Concord's leading women
among the most prominent is Mrs.
Mary Smith Remick. Probably no
other woman in the city or, more
probably, in the state is more gener-
ally affiliated with woman's clubs,
charity work, and social conditions.
She is known not only in the city of
Concord and the state of New Hamp-
shire, but all over the United States
as a leader of women's organizations.

Mrs. Remick was born in Bangor,
Me., July, 1862. When she was twelve
years old her family moved to Marl-
boro, Mass., where she resided until
she reached the age of twenty-four
years. The Pendletons then moved
to Hartford, Conn. On December 5,
1888, Mary Smith Pendleton married
James W. Remick. Soon after Mr.
and Mrs. Remick moved to Littleton,
where Mr. Remick engaged in the
practice of law.

From the first he had remarkable
success and in the year 1889 he was
made district attorney. In 1901 he
was appointed justice of the supreme
court. This appointment necessi-
tated the removal of the family from
Littleton to Concord.

In Concord Mrs. Remick immedi-
ately became prominent in all affairs
with which women were connected,
and soon became a worker in the
Woman's Club and charity work.
In 1911 she was elected president of
the Woman's Club and, upon election,
began to bring about some needed
reforms in the city and state. Through

constant agitation she and her co-
workers succeeded in having the city
parks properly policed, a much needed
thing. Perhaps the most important
work carried on during Mrs. Remick's
administration was the bringing about
of the ruling by the Public Service
Commission concerning the lowering
of the car steps on the street-car lines
of Concord. Through constant agi-
tation and untiring labor, and only
after many heated hearings, did the
ruling come. The remarkable part
of the whole story is that, although
the railroad had its lawyers and
conducted its case with their legal
advice, the Woman's Club had no
lawyer and the case was wholly con-
ducted by Mrs. Remick. As every-
one knows she won her case easily.
Today it stands as a ruling all over
the state. It was during her admin-
istration, also, that the movement
for the revival of high school dances
in the High School Hall was started,
which matured last year and that has
brought such general satisfaction this
term.

During the legislature of 1911, under
the auspices of the Woman's Club,
an illustrated lecture was held in
Representatives Hall, on "Weights
and Measures. " Through Mrs. Rem-
ick's influence, Dr. Fisher of Wash-
ington, Mr. Palmer of Massachusetts,
and Hugh Henry of Vermont, spoke
at the meeting. After this lecture a
public one was held in the Parish
House, which was largely attended.
Strange to relate this bill was killed
and has been killed every time it has
come up since. However, Mrs. Rem-
ick has not given up and will keep up
her fight until it is passed.

Four years ago Mrs. Remick was
chairman of the Eastern Division at
the Council Division held in Washing-
ton. One year ago she took up the
duties of chairman of the Industrial
and Social Committee in the General
Federation of Woman's Clubs. This is
a federation of two million women, with
an endowment fund of $100,000.
One can readily see the importance of

Capital City Women

301

this position. At the last convention
of this federation in Chicago, at which
there were ten thousand present, Mrs.
Remick had a conference on "Indus-
trial and Social Conditions," at which
were present representatives from all
over the United States. Her con-
ference was a great success.

During the last session of the
legislature, she was a member of the
Legislative Committee and also is
secretary of the Conference on Chari-
ties and Corrections, of which Bishop
Parker is president, and Mrs. Charles
P. Bancroft is treasurer.

Besides holding these important
positions, Mrs. Remick holds several
minor places of honor in the many
organizations with which Concord
abounds. She has been a member of
the board of trustees of the Pembroke
Sanatorium for many years, and has
been very active for its welfare. She
has been a member of the board of
trustees of the Woman's Hospital for
some time. She is chairman of the
Friendly Visitors, a Concord charity
organization which has done fine
work; third vice-president of the
Friendly Club, serving her second
term, and at the last annual meeting
of the New Hampshire Federation
she was elected vice-president.

Mrs. William M. Chase
Ellen Sherwood Abbott, wife of
Hon. William M. Chase, daughter of
the late Aaron and Nancy (Badger)
Abbott, was born in Concord Novem-
ber 15, 1840, and was educated in
the public school, at Miss Pickering's
Young Ladies' School in Concord, and
at Henniker Academy, and was united
in marriage with Judge Chase, March
18, 1863. She was a sister of the
late Gen. Joseph C. Abbott, who
commanded the Seventh New Hamp-
shire Regiment in the Civil War, was
adjutant-general of New Hampshire
and later United States senator from
North Carolina. She has been a life-
long resident of Concord, and a faith-
ful and consistent member of the
South Congregational Church for

more than fifty years. She has been
for many years an active and inter-
ested member of the Concord Wo-
man's Club, serving on its Philan-
thropy Committee, and as vice-pres-
ident and president for two terms
each. She has been a prominent
member of the famous old Concord
Charitable Society, and has been its
president, and also served many
years as secretary of the Seamen's
Friend Society. She is a woman of
vigorous intellect and much strength
of character, with strong domestic

Mrs. William M. Chase

tastes, but neglecting no duty to
society or any just demand of the
progressive spirit of the age.

Mary Gordon Nichols Thorne
The newly elected president of the
Concord Woman's Club, Mary Gor-
don Nichols (Mrs. John C.) Thorne,
was born in Tremont, 111., of New
England parentage. Her father is
Nathaniel Gordon Nichols, born in
Boston, a branch of the celebrated
Scotch Gordons. Her mother's maiden
name was Lucia Jane Lovejoy, a des-

302

The Granite Monthly

cendant of the well-known Lovejoy three daughters of the late Capt.

family of New Hampshire.

The subject of this sketch was edu-
cated at the Normal University of

Mrs. John G. Thome

Illinois, and was married to John
Calvin Thorne of Concord, July 8,
1873, and has resided ever since in the
Capital City.

Mrs. Thorne has been prominent
in philanthropic, charitable and
church work for these many years.
She was elected president of the Con-
cord Woman's Club of three hundred
and fifty members, the largest in our
state, at the annual meeting in April
last. She has been identified with
the club ever since its organization —
more than twenty years ago — serving
as a member of many different com-
mittees, and was its vice-president for
the past two years. Her election as
president at this time is a just tribute
to a most faithful and able woman.

Mrs. Mary Tucker Hoague.
Mrs. Mary Tucker Hoague was
born in New York; the eldest of the

Richard and Mary A. Tucker. She
was educated in the schools of her
native city and Plainfield, N. Y.
She had also a fine musical education
under the instruction of Navarro.
She left her parents' home to become
a resident of Concord upon her mar-
riage to Edwin C. Hoague, October
1881, and, in her quiet way, has al-
ways had an active part in the religi-
ous and social life of the city. As a
member of the Baptist Church, and a
most successful teacher in its Sunday
school, she has always taken an ac-
tive part and a deep interest in all its
activities. She was state president
of the Woman's Auxiliarv of the
Y. M. C. A. from 1893 "to 1899.
Likewise she has been state president
of the Woman's Home Missionary
Society for several years. She was
active in forming the District Nurs-

Mrs. Mary T. Hoague

ing Association, and has served on
the board of managers of the Friendly
Club. Chosen in 1913 she con-
ducted its affairs with marked success.

Capital City Women

303

Mrs. L. J. H. Frost.

Mrs. L. J. H. Frost (Lucy Jane
Hutchins) has been well and widely
known through her practical writings,
in Concord, and far beyond its bor-
ders, for many years. She has been a
frequent and valued contributor for
the Granite Monthly for a long
time, as well as for the newspaper
press of this and other cities. She
was born in West Concord, August 30,
1830, the only daughter of John and
Lucv Ann Mills Hutchins. When

Frost had written a story which a
friend who read the manuscript ad-
vised her to send to the Waverly Mag-
azine for publication. She finally
sent it, and awaited, with no little
anxiety, the decision of Prof. George
R. Poulton, who closely criticised all
matter of the kind sent in for that
publication. To her glad surprise the
decision was favorable, and some
years following her contributions fre-
quently appeared in that paper.
For the last fifty vears she has devoted

Mrs. L. J. H. Frost

she was three years old her parents
removed to Billerica, Mass., where
was her home until her marriage to
Henry Frost, May 28, 1851. Upon
the death of her husband, eight years
later, she returned to Concord and
made her home with her parents, who
had also returned there and estab-
lished their home in the city proper,
at 16 Downing Street, where she has
continued to reside since their death.
Her only child, a son, died when five
and a half years of age.

When about sixteen years old Mrs.

much of her time to writing, both
poetry and prose. She has written
three books, of the religious novel
class, suitable for Sunday school li-
braries, of which one, "Lynda New-
ton, or Life's Discipline," has been
published. Her poems and prose
writings have appeared in many
papers and magazines, and have been
extensivelj 7 read and appreciated.
Her book of poems, "Fireside Rev-
eries," issued from the Rumford
Press in 1904, had an extensive sale,
and is still in demand.

304

The Granite Monthly

Concord Female Charitable
Society

One of the organizations, which
has made a secure place for itself in
the hearts of our citizens is the
Concord Female Charitable Society
which was formed in January, 1812.

Its origin was most modest and
its methods unobtrusive, but its
growth has been constant, till the
society has reached a usefulness far
beyond the expectation of its founders.

Concord was then a small town and

Elizabeth Kneeland McFarland

Born 1780 Died 1838

Rev. Asa McFarland was pastor of
the First Congregational Church.
Mrs. McFarland, moved by the visit
of her husband to a sick and destitute
family, had suggested that an organ-
ized effort be made to care for the poor
and needy. Progressive as this plan
must have seemed, twenty women
subscribed to the paper which had

been circulated and formed them-
selves into the above-named society.
The first officers were: president,
Mrs. Sarah Livermore; secretary,
Miss Sarah Kimball; treasurer, Mrs.
Elizabeth Thompson.

Up to the time of her death, Mrs.
McFarland, for twenty years as
" first directress" and for six years
as president, gave her loving service
in its behalf. It was the ambition
of these earnest women, not only
to relieve suffering and want, but to
prevent it. The poor were taught
to spin and weave, and were paid for
their work in cloth. The taxes of
the members were often paid in flax.

Monthly meetings of the officers
and directors were held regularly on
the first Tuesday of each month, a
custom which has continued to the
present date.

The society was incorporated in
1853, and its funds are derived from
membership fees, gifts and legacies.
The first legacy was by John Kent
in 1826, the amount being $50. Sub-
sequent legacies of varying amounts
have been received, until at the present
time the Permanent Fund amounts to
$21,050. During the first year the
total amount expended was $23.38.
For 1914 the amount was $1,162.93.

The society is undenominational
and has a beneficiary list of especially
worthy persons to whom five dollars
is paid quarterly. Large sums have
been expended for fuel, groceries and
clothing, also for care of the sick, and
many a home has been brightened by
the kind ministrations of the faith-
ful directors.

The present officers are: president,
Mrs. James Minot; vice-president,
Miss Abby G. Fiske; secretary, Miss
Erhe M. Thorndike; treasurer, Mrs.
Grace E. Foster.

THE SEWEL HOIT HOMESTEAD

Its buildings were being erected during
1835-36, so that with Concord's one hun-
dred and fiftieth anniversary the homestead
celebrates its eightieth. The three elm trees
were set out in 1836 and the cyclone of 1902
so demolished one of them that it had to be cut
down. The place is well preserved; the iden-
tical colonial paper — a woodsy scene in green,
with deer and rabbits in gray — which Sewel
Hoit had placed on the walls of the front hall
originally, is on the walls today. The daugh-
ter and her husband, Mr. and Mrs. George
W. Stevens, are the present owners and occu-
pants of the i: Sewel Hoit place." A rare
library, thousands of photographs, souvenirs
of travel, old portraits, ancestral furniture
and four colonial fire places furnish the
home.

Sewel Hoit was born at Sugar Ball in
Hopkinton, February 2, 1807, son of William
and Mary (French) Hoyt. His father died

Sewel Hoit was the eldest of thirteen chil-
dren. He was apprenticed to the carpen-
ter's trade and served until twenty-one years
of age, at which time he started forth without

Sewel Hoit and Daughter

at the age of twenty-nine years, and his
mother married Enoch Hoit and removed
with her children to Enoch Hoit's home at
Horse Hill, near the bridge.

Mrs. H. Elizabeth Nichols-Hoit

a copper in his pocket or to his name and
located in Concord as a building contractor.
After a few years, having earned the money
for purchasing land and building a house for
himself, he married Catherine Pillsbury of
Boscawen in 1837. She died in 184-3, without
children and he married his second wife,
Hannah Elizabeth Nichols, daughter of
Luther Western and Hannah (Tompkins)
Nichols at Amherst, N. H., March 4, 1852.
There were two children, both daughters — an
infant who was born and died March 6, 1S56,
and Jane Elizabeth, born September 23, 1860.
H. Elizabeth Nichols was born in Boston
July 12, 1828, and lived there until the year
before she was married. When Elizabeth
was twenty-one years of age, her mother be-
ing in poor health, her father retired from
business as a dry goods merchant and bought
the "old bank building" at Amherst, N. H.

For many years Sewel Hoit had one or two
lumber yards; he furnished fine building ma-
terial, much of which was imported from Can-
ada. Mr. Hoit's health began to fail him
at the age of forty-five years, the outcome,
perhaps, of a fall he had sustained years be-
fore, while at work on the rafters of the old
North Congregational Church, for which he

306

The Granite Monthly

" The Sewel Hoit Homestead "

had the contract — this church was burned in
1873. Most of his buildings have disap-
peared but the old American House and a few
private residences still stand. Having re-
tired from the building trade in 1S52 he
bought out various stores in Concord and
sold them again. He ran a gentleman's

George Washington Stevens

clothing store for a year or two; a fruit and
confectionery store four or five \ears, the
latter in a little wooden building owned by
Cyrus Hill beside the old Columbian Hotel.
He is said to have introduced coal-oil or
kerosene lamps into Concord.

Sewel Hoit was a radical Republican in

pohtics and served as assessor for Ward Four
in 1858 and 1859. He was a member of the
old state militia and of the Governor's House
Guards, became a member of the North Con-
gregational Church in 1829, died in Concord
January 22, 1875.

Jane Elizabeth was born in the old home-
stead on Sunday morning September 23, 1860.
She received her medical diploma in 1890
and at this time reverted to the original
spelling of the surname.

June 26, 1907, Doctor Hoyt married George
W. Stevens of Claremont, N. H., the cere-
mony occurred in the "spacious parlors of
the bride."

Doctor Hoyt-Stevens is a suffragist by
conviction. In 1897 she ran as candidate
for city physician with Drs. Parker, Leete
and Adams, to succeed Doctor McMurphy,
and came within about a dozen votes of win-
ning.

Doctor Hoyt-Stevens is a member of many
medical and philanthropic societies, college
clubs and women's clubs. She is a member
of the National Geographical Society, necrol-
ogist for and life member of the New Hamp-
shire Historical Society and she also was a
charter member of the Weetamoo Outing
Club and chairman of its building committee.

George Washington Stevens was bom at
Acworth, N. H., November 10, 1S43, son of
William J. and Cynthia (Young) Stevens.

The Ghosts at Westminster

307

He first married Julia R. Bailey of Unity,
N. H., January 12, 1874; she died September
1, 1903, without children. After farming at
Unity and Charlestown, N. H., four years he
moved to Claremont in 1878, where for thirty
years he was interested in the sale of farm
implements and in building and the sale of
real estate. He was ssventeen years high-
way surveyor, eight years tree warden and
highway commissioner; was a member of the

New Hampshire house of representatives in
1905-06, a Republican and in favor of
suffrage for women. He was asked to return
the next session as senator but declined; ac-
tive Methodist; eight years Sunday School
superintendent. He was a Methodist class
leader for many years, and treasurer of Clare-
mont Junction Union Camp-meeting Asso-
ciation nineteen years, to 1908. He is a
member of the Grange, 7th degree.

THE GHOSTS AT WESTMINSTER

By Fred Myron Colby

In the nave of the ancient fane,
Heedless of joy and dead to pain,
Silent and cold they lie asleep,
The rosebud princes Plantagenet,
Who, at the hands of their uncle, met
The doom o'er which the centuries weep.

All around them the stained light falls,
On clustered columns and fretted walls,
With rose and trefoil and heralds sign;
As, lapped and folded in marble grim,
Their effigies lie there cold and prim —
Those luckless princes of royal line.

Round them lieth, in solemn state,
Dust once quickened and animate;
Kings and statesmen and warriors bold,
Courtiers supple and quick to learn
Trick of fashion and fortune's turn,
Sinners and saints in common mold.

Through the long, long days they slumber there,
'Neath the cloistered roof of the Abbey fair,
Their wrongs forgotten in deathly calm.
There, on their high beds altarwise,
They rest and wait with sealed eyes,
Their cold hands folded palm to palm.

But when the stars on the Abbey shine,
And the moon looks down with light divine,
On stained glass window and vaulted aisle,
Then these two step down, and, hand in hand,
So I love to think, m the moonlight stand,
And waken each sleeper, with childish smile.

308 The Granite Monthly

Ah, then the old Abbey sees again
Her great and mighty ones pale and wan.
The lords in purple and in pall;
Princes and queens, in ghostly gray,
Passing the great rose window's ray;
Bishops and abbots with croziers tall.

Gallant and stately as in a play
They pass and repass the marble way,
Those silent ghosts of the long dead past.
They that were foes in the long ago
Give no hint in this phantom show,
But that they are loving friends at last.

Queen Mary Stuart makes no sign

To Good Queen Bess in the storied line;

And bluff King Hal, in the moonlight's sheen,

Meets Wolsey's ghost and the sweeping train

Of the lovely woman he had slain,

With not a cloud on his face, I ween.

King Charles the First who lost his head,
The Spanish princess great Edward wed,
And many a warrior, grim and tall,
Pass out of their niche to join the line;
Their ghostly forms in the starlight shine,
Making shadows deep on the chapel wall.

Each night they wake for their shadow play,

But ever, as dark wears on to day,

Their phantom figures droop and fade,

Till in the morning again they sleep,

Each in his marble cradle deep,

Where the light shines through the cloistered shade.

And they sleep and smile there, quaint and prim,
Folded and sealed in marble grim,
The two little princes Plantagenet.
They tell no tales of the curtained death,
The moan in sleep and the strangled breath,
For their thoughts are e'er on the evening set.

THE CONCORD AND PORTSMOUTH

TURNPIKE

By J. M. Moses

Unprofitable investment in the in-
terest of travel must be as old as
the human imagination and its
craving for excitement. An ancient
example was Diomedes, king of the
Bistones in Thrace, whose horses
devoured, according to mythology,
his flesh, or, according to later higher
criticism, his fortune. Their present-
day successors are the automobiles,
which devour mortgaged homes.

When the expenditure turned from
vehicles to roads of permanent utility,
a debt of gratitude was imposed on
the public, which was sometimes paid
in post mortem honors, as in case of
the builder of the famous Appian
Way, from Rome.

Benefactors of this kind were the
builders of our New Hampshire rail-
roads, on which our very lives have
now come to depend, but which were
seldom profitable to their original
proprietors. The generation preced-
ing the railroad builders had a class
of road investors whose motives were
quite as much infused with public
spirit, but whose expectations of
profit were even worse disappointed,
— the builders of the turnpikes.

It is interesting to read in our first
New Hampshire Gazetteer, published in
1817, the account of the turnpikes-
then completed, under construction,
and projected, and the great hopes
entertained of them, as well as of the
canals in contemplation; the railroads
being as little foreseen as autos and
aeroplanes. For about one genera-
tion the turnpikes answered expecta-
tions to a considerable degree as
promoters of trade and travel, but
not as investments. Their owners
were soon glad to dispose of them,
on any terms they could make, to
the towns through which they passed.

The earliest and most important
turnpikes were the following:

The first, from Piscataqua Bridge
to a bridge over the Merrimack at
East Concord, thirty-six miles.

The second was incorporated De-
cember 26, 1799. It was developed
by branches into a system of over one
hundred miles. Its main line ran
from Amherst through Mont Vernon
and Francestown, through corners of
Deering, Antrim, Hillsboro and Wind-
sor, and centrally through Washing-
ton, Lempster, Unity and Claremont
to the Connecticut River at Lottery
Bridge. From Washington a branch
diverged through Newport, Croydon
and Grantham, to Lebanon. Another
branch went from Lempster through
Acworth to Charlestown. Another
from Newport to Cornish.

The third system, its first line in-
corporated December 27, 1799, cen-
tered in Keene, with lines southeast
and northwest that were later paral-
leled by the Cheshire railroad. There
were two other lines: one north,
through Surry, Alstead, and Langdon
to Charlestown, another easterly,
through Marlboro, Jaffrey and New
Ipswich to Townsend, Mass.

The fourth turnpike, incorporated
December, 1800, ran northwest, from
Boscawen through Salisbury, West
Andover, Wilmot, Springfield, En-
field and Lebanon, to White River,
Vermont. A branch, almost as long,
incorporated June 21, 1804, went from
West Andover through Danbury,
Grafton, western Orange and Canaan
to the Connecticut River in Lyme.

The towns between Franklin and
Haverhill weVe reached by two turn-
pikes, making one line, both incor-
porated December 29, 1803. This
road went by the east side of New-
found Lake, through Plymouth, Rum-
ney, Went worth, Warren and Pier-
mont to Haverhill. A branch was
added from Went worth to Orford.

310 The Granite Monthly

The tenth turnpike, incorporated joining towns, but if one wished to go

December 28, 1803, was for the Port- farther, the route would often be

land business. It was built from ridiculous. An instance of this was

Bartlett up through the Crawford the road west from Northwood. It

Notch, with an extension through went by a circuitous route from

Bretton Woods and Jefferson to Lan- Northwood Narrows to the Old Cen-

caster. ter in Epsom. To reach Chichester

Two lines ran southeasterly from one would have to travel twice the
Concord, both incorporated in June, air line distance.
1804. One started from Butter's Naturally the first turnpike pro-
Corner, South Main Street, and went jected was from the seaport and
through Bow to a bridge at Hooksett, largest town to the capital. It was
thence swerved easterly from the mainly a Portsmouth enterprise, as
river passing between the Massa- was later the Concord and Ports-
besic lakes and on to Derry, thence mouth railroad, which had the same
by the line of the Lawrence rail- objects in view. Portsmouth's mer-
road to Massachusetts. It prudently chants and mariners wished to hold
avoided Manchester, which was not as much as possible of the up-country
then claiming distinction, having but trade from going down the Mer-
recently cast off its inglorious name rimack to Massachusetts. Ports-
of Harry-town. The other, as incor- mouth's people hoped for cheaper
porated, was only fourteen miles, supplies of country produce. Even
from Pembroke through Allenstown charcoal was then hauled from Epsom
and Candia to Chester Street; but and Chichester to Portsmouth. Now
this was only one section of a line of coal is brought to Epsom and Chi-
travel between Concord and Haver- Chester by way of Portsmouth, and
hill, Mass., by one of the oldest Portsmouth's country supplies come
routes. A cart-way had been cut mostly from beyond New Hampshire,
here before 1730. The conditions in Portsmouth and

Another old line of travel was the other parts of New Hampshire near

Province Road, built about 1767, the close of the eighteenth century

from Dover and Durham through were described by Rev. L. H. Thayer

Barrington and Barnstead to Oilman- in the Granite Monthly of February

ton, and later extended to Laconia. 1909. Portsmouth was not a city,

This was always a free road. There but in the decade 1790-1800 it had

were other turnpikes, especially one nearly three times as many people

through the towns north of Lake as Concord, twice as many as any

Winnipesaukee; but the most impor- other town except Gilmanton, and

tant have been named. Over fifty had these people in a small area,

turnpike companies obtained incor- while Gilmanton then included one

poration. third of Belknap County. In urban

It should be borne in mind that qualities Portsmouth surpassed all

turnpikes were built only where the the other towns beyond comparison,

towns had failed to provide satis- It "was characterized by a more

factory roads. The older towns, in elegant social life than any other town

the more level coast region, had the in New England." This elegance was

best roads, and so little need of turn- supported by corresponding wealth

pikes. The contrary was the case and business enterprise. Portsmouth

with the little settlements back on would do what it could to remain

the hills, where the people would lay the metropolis and business entrepot

out their roads according to home of New Hampshire,

convenience, with little regard for To its ambitions for up-country

through travel. The home lines trade the first great obstacle was the

would be made to connect with ad- Piscataqua, with its bays. These

The Concord and Portsmouth Turnpike

311

were navigable for only about fifteen
miles inland. For wheeled traffic
there must be a bridge about half a
mile long, over water going down to
fifty feet in depth, with a strong tidal
current.

About as obvious as the need of the
bridge was the place where it must
be built, which was at Fox Point,
Newington. The river was as narrow
here as anywhere, and construction
would be facilitated by two islands
in the line of crossing. It would give
direct connection with Dover, as well
as with the country west.

The Piscataqua Bridge Company
was chartered June 20, 1793. For an
account of this bridge, see Mary
Thompson's "Landmarks in Ancient
Dover" and the new History of
Durham, which last gives a picture
of it. It was opened for travel No-
vember 25, 1794; was 2,362 feet long,
and of the remarkable width of thirty-
eight feet; this great width favoring
stiffness to withstand the current.
It was considered a masterpiece of
construction, one of the wonders of
our little New England world. Its
cost is given as $65,947.34. In 1803
the legislature granted a lottery to
raise $15,000 more for its repairs and
maintenance.

The bridge gave connection with
the Province Road to Gilmanton, the
Mast Road through Nottingham, and
other crooked and poorly built roads.
A good and direct road to Concord
was felt to be the next most important
need. A line was surveyed which
made a distance of only thirty-six
miles to the bridge at East Concord.
June 16, 1796, the legislature passed
an act granting incorporation to a
company for the construction of this
line as a toll road, under the name of
The New Hampshire Turnpike Road.
It was the first road to be incor-
porated.

The promoters seem to have been
a, little in advance of public interest
in the enterprise, and construction
did not at once begin. A few years
later a turnpike fever swept over the

state. It was not till October 3, 1800,
that proposals were issued for the
building of the road. The grading
was done in the next two years, and
March 19, 1803, the directors gave
notice that they had expended on the
road the sums required by law, and
would set up the gates and begin to
take toll on the first day of the follow-
ing April.

The road thus opened ran through
Durham, the north end of Lee,
corners of Barrington and Notting-
ham the length of Northwood,
across Epsom, Chichester and Con-
cord Plains to Federal Bridge, which
was some rods west of the present
bridge at East Concord. It is now
the main street of Durham, North-
wood and Epsom.

It became an important line of
travel during the years before the
railroads, being the main channel of
trade for the towns east of Concord,
and to a considerable extent for Con-
cord, though that town had other
important connections. Stories may
still be heard of the long journeys to
Durham and Portsmouth, with loads
of boards and ship timber, and of
hauling back fish, rum, molasses and
other imported goods. The cotton
for Pittsfield factory at first came
this way.

The toll gates were generally about
two miles apart, apt to be placed at
strategic points, as the junctions or
crossings of other roads. There were
three of them in Durham and one in
Lee. Traditions place one at the
Berry place at East Northwood,
another west of the Centre, at the
crossing of the old road to the Nar-
rows; another at Yeaton's corner in
Epsom, another at Marden's Corner.
Probably toll could not be collected
through central Northwood, as the
line closely paralleled the old road.

There were many taverns, and the
characteristics of old stage-coach and
tavern days were as well exemplified
here as anywhere. The passenger
travel included many distinguished
personages, among them LaFayette

312

The Granite Monthly

and President Monroe. I think our
noted authoress, Mrs. Sarah J. Hale,
must have passed this way and been
impressed with the beauty of North-
wood. How else can we account for
her laying the scene of her first novel
in a place called Northwood, about
halfway between Concord and Ports-
mouth, and making a lake and moun-
tain its principal physical features?
The story, however, does not other-
wise portray Northwood more than
other New England towns of the
period.

Toll-taking lasted less than twenty-
two years. It is doubtful if traffic
became very heavy during this period.
The tolls were considerable. A load
of charcoal from Epsom would pay
a dollar in tolls before reaching Pis-
cataqua Bridge; and a dollar was much
harder to get then than now. There
are traditions of long detours being
made by economical people through
byroads to avoid the toll gates.

It is certain that by 1824 the pro-
prietors were thoroughly disillusioned
of their hopes of profit, and willing
to Sell their stock at a great discount.
One of their leading men was Jere-
miah Mason. A town meeting was
held in Portsmouth October 7, 1824,
at which he made a speech, and per-
suaded the town to undertake the
freeing of the Turnpike. John Mc-
Clintock, Langley Boardman and
Henry Ladd were chosen a committee
to raise money and buy the road, and
were authorized to borrow $4,000 as
Portsmouth's contribution for that
purpose.

The stock-holders had agreed to
sell for $8,460, which was $20 on a
share. If the shares were $100 each,
the capitalization must have been
$42,300. The "Landmarks" state
that the first cost was only about
$900 a mile, or $32,400. There had
probably been improvements and
extensions. There was a "branch"
in Concord, probably going to one of
the other bridges.

Within three months the commit-
tee succeeded in their undertaking.

Portsmouth gave $4,000, Northwood
$800, Concord $500, Durham some-
thing, and the rest was contributed
by the Piscataqua Bridge company
and by individuals.

January 28, 1825, the stock-holders
held their final meeting in the Court
House at Portsmouth. Jeremiah
Mason presided. Three hundred and
forty-eight shares of the stock were
represented. It was voted unani-
mously, in consideration of the $8,460,
"to relinquish and surrender said
road to the State of New Hampshire
for the purpose of establishing the
same as a common highway. And
the same is hereby surrendered and
relinquished to said State accord-
ingly for the purpose aforesaid."

The Turnpike doubtless saw its
busiest years in the next two decades,
before the railroads turned the course
of trade. Railroads from the south
reached Concord and Portsmouth in
1840, Durham in 1841, Epsom in
1869, Lee in 1874. The completion
of the Concord and Portsmouth rail-
road in 1852 ended the Turnpike's
through travel. The great Piscataqua
Bridge was sold soon after for only
$2,000. When six hundred feet of it
were carried away by the ice, Febru-
ary 18, 1855, it was not thought
worth repairing, and the remaining
portion was removed.

In 1850 coaches were running be-
tween Concord and Durham, and
probably Portsmouth. In the sixties
the line east of Northwood had been
diverted to Newmarket. After the
opening of the Suncook Valley rail-
road, the coach did not run west of
that, and the Turnpike became useful
chiefly as the main street and outlet
of Northwood.

In 1891 a substitute road, about
four miles long, by Suncook Lake,
was opened, to avoid the hills in
Epsom. Since the development of
auto travel the whole line has been
recovering something of its old impor-
tance. Most of it will sometime be
included in a state boulevard from
Concord to Dover.

IN TULIP LAND

A New and Most Unique Use for Tulips
By Maude Gordon-Roby

Have you ever been to Tulip Land?
No? Then suppose we chat a few-
minutes about that strange and most
delightful country across the sea,
where the gardeners still wear their
wooden shoes as they pass up and
down the neat gravel paths, tending
their flowers, famous the world over
for their gorgeous color.

Holland is justly noted for its art,
its flowers and its cleanliness. We
might talk for days upon the subject
of Dutch art, and then find we had not
adequately covered the ground. Or
we might endeavor to fathom the
reasons for the exacting rules of the
household, which require the maids
to wash the outside of the front doors
— those wonderfully handsome doors,
by the way — and also to scrub the
sidewalk in front of the house.

But, instead, let us just talk of the
flowers, like bits of the rainbow spread
out on the earth. Such is a flower
garden in Holand. And the tulips,
how exquisite they are!

One of the chief industries in Hol-
land is the raising of this bulb. Hun-
dreds and hundreds are shipped every
year to foreign lands. But, how
would you like to dig up your tulip
bed and eat the bulbs? Just cook in
the same way as you would cauli-
flower. It would seem a bit out of
the ordinary, wouldn't it? and most
of us would prefer to go on in the same
old way seeing them grow and blos-
som and mature. However, in Tulip
Land it was formerly the custom to
serve tulip bulbs on the table as a
vegetable. Here is an old and valued
recipe; in case you may wish to try it,
rest assured of success in your at-
tempts.

"The Seedy Buds of the Tulips."

" In the spring (about the beginning
of May), the flowering leaves of tulips
fall away, and there remains within

them the end of the stalk, which in
time will turn to seed.

"Take the seedy end, then very ten-
der, and pick from it the little excres-
cences about it and cut into pieces.
Boil these gently till done, as you
would any vegetable of like consis-
tency, say for instance, peas, and

The clump, clump of their heavy wooden shoes
may be heard along the gravel path, as the Dutch
florist and his wife tend their flowers.

serve with a dressing. You will find
them very palatable, and very sa-
vory."

As the custom of serving tulips has
now fallen into disuse with the ad-
vent of a foreign market for the bulbs,
another custom quite as unique has
taken its place. This year there is a
great scarcity of flour in Holland, and
not to be without their bread these

314 The Granite Monthly

thrifty people are grinding up tulip partaken affirm that it is delicious

bulbs and mixing them with wheaten and inexpensive, and — who knows — it

flour. may be this is but the beginning of an

Today you may purchase tulip industry which will entirely change

bread in Holland, and those who have the flour market of the world.

PARADISE

A Poem for Memorial Day.
By Maude Gordon-Roby

"There are no dead." The friends we love so dear,
Altho' to earthbound eyes are passed from here
Have but outgrown a weary dress of pain;
They're all alive, and we shall meet again.
For life is just a journey, that I ween,
Where many travel slowly as we've seen,
'Till old they grow with friends along the way;
While others leave in infancy, at play.
They wave "good-bye" and with a smile are gone.
O Heart of mine, I cannot be forlorn
If they are first to reach that Outward Gate;
Nay, I'll rejoice that loved ones now await
My coming where the roses do not fade,
And where there are no tears! I'm not afraid;
And when at length for me that Gate shall swing,
Exultantly my soul shall upward wing.
Up, up through star-dust and the night I'll rise,
Straight on to God, and Home and Paradise!

A NEW-BORN DAY

By L. J. H. Frost

The morning dawns; a new-born day

Has come for you and me;
Perhaps the last brief day on earth

We each shall ever see.

Then let the day begin with prayer

And praise to Him above,
Who kept us through the hours of night

Encircled by His love.

And let us humbly ask of Him

Guidance upon life's way;
That we may never soil with sin

A stainless, new-born day.

Put with a doubtless faith in Him
Pursue life's checkered way;

Until the dawn shall usher in
Heaven's bright eternal day.

MAY BLOSSOMS

By Amy J. Dolloff

A shower of petals from the apple tree,
And all the glorious past comes back to me.
O sunshine of the May! Your golden light
Than old-time blissful joys is not more bright.
O petals, white and pink, soft floating down!
Your fragrance was the perfect year's rich crown.

A shower of petals from the apple tree

And all my sorrow comes anew to me.

The sunshine golden mocks me with its light.

When those we love are gone, no day is bright.

Yon petals wafted by the breeze's wave

Seem like the last flowers falling in a grave.

O memories — that set the heart aglow!
Realities — that pile it deep with snow!
You all are mine — all in my soul have place
While apple blossoms brush against my face.
Fall fast, sweet petals! Cover, soothe me so
That for one moment I forget the woe.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

WOODBURY E. CORSON
Woodbury E. Corson, for the last ten years
city electrician of Haverhill, Mass., died in
that city May 6, 1915.

He was born in Milton, N. H., March 25,
1862. He commenced life as a mill spinner,
after concluding his school days; was, later,
a stationary fireman, and afterward was en-
gaged with the Essex Electric and Power
Company of Haverhill as engineer and electri-
cian. Subsequently he became electrician
for the Boston Steam & Power Co., but soon
returned to Haverhill as chief engineer of
the Haverhill Electric Company, holding the
position twelve years, till his appointment as
city electrician.

He was a Mason, Knight Templar and
Shriner, and connected with other organiza- '
tiqns. He is survived by a wife, who was
Miss Lena Dennison of Bangor, Me., with
two married daughters and a son.

SILAS C. STONE
_ Silas Call Stone, born in Webster, N. H.
eighty four years ago, died, April 19, 1915, at
his home, 54 Mt. Vernon Street West Roxbury,
Mass. He was educated at Northfield, now
Tilton Academy, and commenced teaching at
Westboro, Mass. He was afterwards simi-
larly engaged in Watertown and Newton, and

later in Boston, where he served first as sub-
master of the Chapman School in East Boston,
then of the Lewis School in Roxbury. When
the Sherwin School opened in Roxbury in
1871, he became its master. In 1885 he was
transferred to the Hyde School, and there
remained till his retirement five years ago,
when he was regarded as the dean of Boston
grammar school masters, some of his pupils
being grandchildren of his early ones.

He married, in 1854, Julia A. Pattee of
Goffstown, N. H., who died in 1887. Two
years later he married Mrs. Caroline Hinckly
Blake, who survived him, with three children
by his first marriage — Alaric Stone, a master
at the Boston Latin School, Miss Abbie
Stone, principal of a Philadelphia cooking
school, and Mrs. Philip D. Sturtivant.

HON. URBAN A. WOODBURY
Hon. Urban A. Woodbury, governor of Ver-
mont from 1894 to 1896, who died at his home
in Burlington, April 15, 1915, was a native of
New Hampshire, born in the town of Acworth,
July 11, 1838, but removed with his parents
to Vermont in childhood.

He was educated in the public schools and
Academy of Morristown, and the medical
department of the University of Vermont,
from which he graduated in 1859, but his-

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The Granite Monthly

professional career was interrupted by the
Civil War, he enlisting in the Second Vermont
Volunteer Regiment, going out as a sergeant
in Company H. He lost his right arm in the
second battle of Bull Run, and was taken
prisoner, but was shortly paroled and dis-
charged. He again enlisted in November,
1863; was commissioned captain in the Elev-
enth Regiment and served through the war,
till March, 1865. Returning to Vermont, he
located in Burlington, engaged in practice, and
finally entered political life. He was presi-
dent of the board of aldermen, mayor of
Burlington in 1885-86; later a state senator
and president of the senate; lieutenant gover-
nor in 1888-90, and governor in 1894-96. He
was commander of the Vermont Department,
G. A. R., in 1900.

On February 12, 1860, he married Pauline
Xi. Darling of Elmore, Vt.

DR. GARDNER C. HILL
Gardner C. Hill, long a leading physician of
Cheshire County, and one or the most prom-
inent and public-spirited citizens of Keene, died
at his home in that city, on Friday, April 30,
after a long illness.

Doctor Hill was a native of the town of
Winchester, born March 20, 1829, having,
therefore, attained the age of eighty-six years,
and remaining well and active up to the
time of his final illness. He received his
education in the schools of Winchester, at
Mount Caesar Seminary, Swanzey, and
Vermont Academy, at Saxtons River, and
graduated from the Vermont Medical Col-

lege, at Castleton in 1856. Subsequently,
in 1866, he took a postgraduate course at the
Harvard Medical College. Meanwhile he
had taught school extensively. He com-
menced practice in Warwick, Mass., in 1857,
remaining ten years, and located in Keene in
1867, continuing there through life.

A Republican in politics, he became active
in public affairs; was a member three years,
and president of the Keene common council,
two years; a commissioner for Cheshire
County three years, and treasurer two years.
He was a member of the Keene board of
education for twenty-five years, having served
ten years in Warwick in the same capacity.
He was for seven years Keene's city physician,
and Cheshire County physician five years.
He was for a long time a member of the Keene
board of examining surgeons, for the United
States government, and affiliated with the
Cheshire County, Connecticut River and
New Hampshire Medical societies; also long
a member of the staff of the Elliot City Hos-
pital in Keene. He had been president of
the Keene Savings Bank since April 1, 1897.
He was a member of the First Congregational
Church, and a true Christian in the fullest
sense of the term, serving his fellow men pro-
fessionally and otherwise to the extent of his
ability, regardless of all thoughts of reward,
except in a sense of duty done. He was
deeply interested in local and professional
history and wrote much for publication.

He married, in 1856, Rebecca F. Howard of
Walpole, who died in 1893. In 1894, he married
Carrie F. Hutchinsof Keene, who survives him.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTE

This issue of the Granite Monthly, pre-
viously announced as a double number for
May and June, has far outgrown its pre-
scribed limits, and is nothing less than a sex-
tuple number, including nearly two hundred
pages of text and nearly as many illustrations,
making it by far the largest and most exten-
sively illustrated issue of any magazine ever
printed in the state, and probably in the
United States, if advertising pages are not
taken into account. It is devoted almost
entirely to the One hundred fiftieth Anni-
versary Celebration, and the professional
and business life of the Capital City. It is

a fact of no little interest that herein are
presented more portraits of Concord people,
than were ever presented before in any one
publication, and more than are ever likely
to be again, thus making it of special
value as a Concord Souvenir aside from its
historical value. It is but fair to the Rum-
ford Printing Company to add, that the work
upon this edition, completed from first to
last in less than twenty days, amidst the
pressure of a mass of other work, could be
duplicated by no other printing house in
New England. This also is to the credit
of Concord.

CHARLES CARPENTER GOSS

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVII, No. 7 JULY, 1915 New Series, Vol. 10, No. 7

CHARLES CARPENTER GOSS

By H. C. Pearson

When Colonel Charles Carpenter Hanover he was popular and promi-
Goss died at his home in Dover on nent, a good student, but interested
Monday, May 3, 1915, the state of in all the activities of college life as
New Hampshire lost one of its best well as in his books. He was a mem-
citizens, one of its most successful and ber of the Phi Zeta Mu society of the
enterprising business men, one of the Chandler Scientific School, now the
real forces in its financial and political Eta Eta chapter of the Sigma Chi
life. And thousands of men and fraternity, and of the Tiger senior
women mourned with genuine grief society. He was a member of the
the loss of one whom they had known Phillips Club, served as treasurer of
and loved as a genial, kindly, help- the college baseball association, and
ful, sincere friend. was business manager of the first

Colonel Goss was born in that part Dramatic Club in the history of the

of the town of Epsom known as Goss- college, which produced " The Rivals"

ville on February 9, 1871, the eldest under his direction with great success,

son of John A. and Electa (Carpen- From this bud has flowered the fame

ter) Goss. On both sides of his which Dartmouth now enjoys in

ancestry he was descended from early college theatricals and which is typi-

New England colonists and Revo- fied by the beautiful little theater in

lutionary soldiers, sturdy pioneers of Robinson Hall at Hanover,
central New Hampshire. His mother's By inheritance, by inclination and

father, the late Charles H. Carpenter, by training Mr. Goss was destined

for whom Colonel Goss was named, for the banking business, and he

was one of the most successful and entered upon it, his life work, as soon

respected men of his time and section, as he had completed his college course.

Mr. Carpenter was for many years Previously, during school and college
president of the Pittsfield National vactions, he had assisted in his father's
Bank, and in 1876 he made his son- National and Savings banks at Pitts-
in-law its cashier, so that the young field, so that it was not as a neophyte
Charles went in that year, with his that the young college graduate
parents, to Pittsfield to reside. There went to Boston from Dartmouth and
he attended the public schools, sub- gained experience there in the great
sequently was enrolled at Phillips National Shawmut Bank.
Exeter Academy and finished his The last illness of his father recalled
preparation for college with a private Colonel Goss from Boston to Pitts-
tutor, the late Professor Amos Had- field, there to take his natural place,
ley of Concord. following his father's retirement, as

Mr. Goss entered Dartmouth Col- the active head of the local banks,

lege in September, 1889, and gradu- This position he held from the first

ated in June, 1893, receiving the with entire success, and at once he

degree of Bachelor of Science. At became a strong force in the business,

318

The Granite Monthly

political and social life of the town
and of the region of which it is the
center. Among the offices which he
held there was that of town treasurer.

In a few years Mr. Goss's energy,
enterprise and enthusiasm demanded
a wider scope than Pittsfield afforded
them, and in 1900 he organized the
Merchants' National Bank of Dover
with his grandfather, Hon. Charles
H. Carpenter, as president, and him-
self as cashier. A year later he com-
pleted the supplementary organiza-
tion of the Merchants' Savings Bank
of Dover with Mr. Carpenter as
president and himself as treasurer.

For the rest of his life the young
founder of these banks gave to them
a single-minded devotion to duty and
attention to detail, which, coupled
with his ability, his integrity and his
capacity for work, made their success
assured. Today they stand, sound,
solid, important, influential financial
institutions, as monuments to his
memory.

The feeling which he felt for these
banks, children of his brain and of his
industry, was shown in 1910 when
he took personal charge of the remod-
elling and improvement of the bank-
ing rooms and did not relax his efforts
until he had made them absolute
models of their kind. As in giving
them this material equipment, so in
building their reputation and their
resources, Colonel Goss was ever
ready, vigilant, alert; grasping firmly
the broad principles of finance and
applying them helpfully and con-
structively to local conditions.

To show the affection, esteem and
respect with which Mr. Goss was
regarded by his associates in the
banking business the following reso-
lutions may well be printed here:

Resolutions of the Merchants'
National Bank on the Death
of Charles C. Goss

Resolved: That we have learned
with sorrow of the death of our presi-
dent, Charles C. Goss.

Resolved: That, in the death of Mr.

Goss, this bank has suffered a great
loss. He was its founder, its builder,
and the strong factor in its successful
management. He watched its steady
growth and sucess with great pride
and satisfaction. That Mr. Goss
was not only esteemed by his bank
and other business associates as an
able and strong financier, but was
universally regarded in the com-
munity where he lived and moved, as.
a strong man in all the affairs of life.
He loved Dover, his adopted city,
and was interested in all things that
pertained to its welfare and upbuild-
ing.

That we have lost an able and con-
servative business associate, an agree-
able and jovial companion, a hos-
pitable neighbor and a loyal friend;,
and the city of Dover, one of its first
citizens.

Resolved: That a copy of these
resolutions be forwarded to his family
with whom we deeply sympathize in
their great bereavement, and that the
clerk be requested to enter these
resolutions on the records of the
bank.

William H. Roberts,
Harry P. Henderson,
Charles H. Farnham.

Resolutions of the Merchants'
Savings Bank on the Death of
Charles C. Goss

Resolved: That, in the death of Mr.
Goss, we recognize the close of a use-
ful and successful life, — a life adorned
with those sterling qualities that are
admired by us all, — uprightness, hon-
esty, and firmness in the observance
of duty. He admired truth and frank-
ness. He despised deceit and fraud.
His modesty and kindness won him
many friends.

Resolved: That, in his death, the
bank has lost a strong executive, a
wise counselor and a tireless worker
for its growth and financial strength.

Resolved: That the clerk be re-
quested to forward a copy of these
resolutions to his family with whom
we deeply sympathize in their great

Charles Carpenter Goss

319

bereavement, and that a copy be
recorded with the records of the bank.
William H. Roberts,
Harry P. Henderson,
William H. Moore.

Equally strong and sincere was the
testimonial paid his character, person-
ality and worth, by the directors of
the Pittsfield Bank, in their set of
resolutions, who felt they had not only
lost an efficient head but a counsellor
and, friend.

While Colonel Goss's chief inter-
ests were these Dover banks his busi-
ness activities were by no means con-
fined to them. At the time of his
death he was president of the Pitts-
field National Bank, in which position
he succeeded his distinguished grand-
father. He was also president of the
Lothrops-Farnham Company, leading
mercantile establishment of Dover;
director of the Pittsfield Aqueduct
Company and Pittsfield Gas Com-
pany; and director of the New Bos-
ton Railroad Company, besides being
president and director of the Mer-
chants' National Bank and trustee
and treasurer of the Merchants' Sav-
ings Bank and an officer in the Dover
Realty Company.

Because he recognized the impor-
tance of cooperation in promoting
the best business conditions, Colonel
Goss was an active member of the
Dover Board of Trade, and, as an
example of the public spirit which he
always was ready to manifest, may
be mentioned his interest in the con-
struction of east and west state high-
ways across New Hampshire. It so
happened that the writer of this
article talked with Colonel Goss upon
the general subject of good roads and
state development only a short time
before his death and the vivid impres-
sion then made of Mr. Goss's broad
and sound views and his optimistic
good citizenship is still vivid.

In politics Colonel Goss was a
staunch Republican, thoroughly be-
lieving in the principles of that party
and always ready to work for their

success. State leaders of the party
counted him among their most reliable
lieutenants and often called him into
consultation upon points of policy
and progress. At the request of
Governor Henry B. Quinby he accept-
ed a commission as colonel upon the
personal military staff of the com-
mander-in-chief in 1909-10.

Mr. Goss was elected treasurer of
Strafford County in 1906, served
until 1912 and was reelected in 1914,
holding the office at the time of his
death. During his term of service a
new county house of correction was
erected at a cost of $24,000, and $11,-
000 were spent in repairs and im-
provements upon the county court
house at Dover. In addition to these
unusual expenditures and the cus-
tomary running expenses of the coun-
ty, a debt of $105,000 was erased
during Colonel Goss's term of serv-
ice as treasurer, so that the local
press had good reason to praise the
"business basis upon which the affairs
of the county have been placed by
the capable treasurer."

Colonel Goss was of a genial tem-
perament and social disposition, al-
though his devotion to his business
kept him from giving as much of his
time as his friends wished that he
would, and thought that he should,
to pleasure and recreation. He and
his family attended the First Con-
gregational church. He was a Master
Mason of Moses Paul Lodge, No.
96, a member of Olive Branch Lodge,
Knights of Pythias, and of the Bel-
lamy Club of Dover; of the Derryfield
Club of Manchester, the New Hamp-
shire Historical Society, etc. Colonel
Goss knew and loved a good horse
and in recent years he had been one
of the myriad converts to the pleasures
of motoring.

Mr. Goss married, on June 26,
1895, Winifred Lane, daughter of
Charles H. and Lorena A. (Perkins)
Lane, of Pittsfield, and their home
life, with their son, Charles Lane
Goss, born February 24, 1903, was
of the happiest. Mrs. Goss, who has

320

The Granite Monthly

been state regent of the Daughters
of the American Revolution, and is
widely known in that connection and
through her other society, club and
church work, unites executive ability
of a high order with an engaging
charm of manner that marks both her
public and her private life.

To Mrs. Goss and her son, and to
Mr. Goss's surviving brother, Mr.
William A. Goss, cashier of the Mer-
chants' National Bank, there came,
following the news of Colonel Goss's
death, a wave of sympathy so wide,
so deep and so sincere as to testify
most convincingly to the love and
esteem in which the family were held
by their community.

And an unusual, but well deserved
honor was paid the memory of
Colonel Goss when Mayor George D.
Barrett of the city of Dover requested
that places of business within the
municipality be closed during the
hours of the funeral.

The funeral, which was held from
the home, was attended by many of
the leading men of the state as well
as of the city. Rev. Walter A. Mor-
gan, pastor of First Parish Church,
officiated, with the assistance of Rev.
William I. Sweet of Pittsfield and
Rev. George E. Lovejoy of Lawrence,
Mass., a personal friend and former
pastor of the deceased. The Lotus
quartette of Boston sang, and the
bearers were Harry P. Henderson,
Clerk of Courts William H. Roberts,
Alderman James Marshall, Colonel
Thomas H. Dearborn, Hon. Arthur
G. Whittemore, Herbert B. Fischer,
cashier, Pittsfield . National Bank,
Hon. Frank B. Clark, Fred A. Brad-
bury and Hon. Dwight Hall. The
floral tributes were said to have been
the most magnificent ever seen at a
funeral in Dover.

Even more significant of the spirit

of the occasion was the remark of one
of the singers, that the services were
the most sad and impressive of any
in which the quartette ever had
taken part, so pervaded were they by
the harmony of true sympathy. Es-
pecially fitting, it was felt, was the
striking simile of "The Builder,''
employed by Rev. Mr. Morgan in his
address to show how Colonel Goss
had built up his own character and the
business and other interests of the
community.

To the writer, who had known Col-
onel Goss from boyhood, the charac-
eristics of his life and his career seemed
to be his energy, his self reliance and
his sterling worth. As it has been
well expressed, he "rang true" on
every occasion and in every situation.

At the time of his death the Dover
Tribune said of him that he was "a
citizen of immeasurable value, one of
the type that makes for the building
of communities, the uplifting of his
fellow men. Only those who had
business dealings with him or culti-
vated his enjoyable acquaintance can
fully testify to his worth; and if any
one trait in his splendid character
can be especially referred to it was
his loyalty and unselfish devotion to
friends, family and business associates.
To all he was deeply attached, and
his single purpose during his life in
Dover seemed to be to bear the bur-
dens of others. There was no duty
that he ever shirked, and his sound
business judgment, friendship and ad-
vice were much sought."

" Dover has been richer and brighter
as a consequence of his life work,"
said Foster's Daily Democrat. "In-
herently honest, at all times upright,
courageously frank, cultivated and
broad-minded, he has commanded
the respect, honor and esteem of our
people."

The Hall of Memory 321

E. G. E.

By Stewart Everett Roice

'Tis evening and, amid the silent gloom

That always follows in the wake of night,
Alone I sit within my dear old room,

Where, smiling through the tears, I planned life's fight;
I see a picture through the shadows loom

Upon the wall where flickers faint the light,
A living-likeness of a man than whom

No soul on earth stands nobler for the right!

Grand friend, good-bye, you came and stood by me,

(When I was lost upon life's winding way)
To show me foot-steps where the great have trod;

All that I am and all that I shall be,
In laughing life or in pathetic clay,

I owe to you, to parents and to God!

THE HALL OF MEMORY

By L.J. H. Frost

There's an ancient hall that is long and wide;

It stands on the bank of a restless tide,

Whose turbulent waves as they beat the shore

Seem repeating the words, " Nevermore," "Nevermore.'''

And many a picture hangs on the wall
Of this silent, ancient, time-stained hall;
Some are so dark that they seem to lend
Depth to the gloom that surroundeth them;

Others so bright that they seem to cast
A halo of light over days that are past —
Days that were darkened by clouds of woe,
In the far away years of the sad long ago.

The pictures that hang in memoes hall

Are the truest, sweetest, saddest of all;

For they show a vision of bj^-gone years,

With their rainbow of hope, or their cloud-rack of fears.

Sometimes at night the barred door open swings,
And a sound is heard as of angel wings;
Then a noiseless step on the long aisle falls,
While a light illumines the pictured walls;

322 The Granite Monthly

And strains of rare music, low and sweet,
Seem measuring time for angel feet;
Then floating out on the still starlit air,
They pulsate and tremble and die away there.

Should a mortal pass through the open door,
And with loitering feet tread the dusty floor,
He will hear the voices of other days,
Calling him back from this life's thorny maze;

And forms of the loved and lost he will see,
Who sailed with him once on life's stormy sea,
But have moored their barque on the shining strand
Of the measureless shore of the bright morning land.

He will look and listen till from afar
Comes the sound of waves on the ocean bar;
Then with folded hands at the dawn of day
And a prayer on his lips, he will steal away.

THE ETERNAL LOVERS

By H. Thompson Rich

Saffron, king of the sunset,
Purple, queen of night:

Fond, eternal lovers
In the failing light!

Ever, ever a-dancing
Down the wide skyway,

All the dark behind you,
In your faces day;

Tripping over the mountain,
Skipping through the dale,

Maying in the twilight
When the shadows fail;

Glad-eyed, lovely as laughter,
Light-limb, dainty-toe, —

All a-flush with loving,
Hound the earth you go.

Saffron, king of the sunset,
Purple, queen of night:
Arm in arm forever ....
Ah, for such delight!

VISITS OF FAMOUS MEN TO DOVER

By Annie Wentworth Baer

June 6, 1792, the State Legislature
sat in the new court house, just built
in Dover, and Mr. Scales says in his
History of Strafford County, "So
Dover was the Capital of New Hamp-
shire." This was the first and last
session held in Dover; but the court
house remained and is known today
as Bradley's Garage.

In this court house many famous
lawyers addressed juries. Among the
number who came to Dover we read
of Daniel Webster, Jeremiah Mason,
Ichabod Bartlett and Jeremiah Smith.
It is written that Daniel Webster,
while living in Portsmouth, would
ride horseback through Newington,
across the Piscataqua bridge, on to
Leighton's hill, where he would call
on William King Atkinson, and to-
gether they would ride in a most
friendly manner to the Dover court
house, where all day they would wage
fierce legal battles.

Here at times the United States
District Court convened, Judge John
Sullivan presiding. I am told that no
"Flower pot" judge accompanied the
United States Judge.

My subject says: "Famous Men,"
and does not advise me whether they
were famous for their virtues or their
vices. Perchance, with the question
open, it will be safe to mention a visit
and stealthy departure of the famous
(?) Henry Tufts, from the jail on
"Jail Hill." August 26, 1794," Theo-
philus Dame, sheriff, gave notice that
"the noted Henry Tufts broke out of
jail on the night of the 25th." He
was confined for his old offence, that
is, theft, and is described as "about
six feet high, and forty years of age,
wears his own hair, short and dark
coloured, had a long blue coat." Five
dollars reward is offered for his arrest.

Tufts was born in Newmarket, in
1748. His grandfather was a clergy-
man and graduated at Harvard col-

lege in 1701. His father was said to
be a college graduate. Mrs. Scales,
in her most excellent paper on this
famous (?) man, read before the
Northam Colonists in 1911, said that
he seemed to have been the only mem-
ber of the family who led a disrepu-
table life ; but this Henry was the most
noted vagabond of his day, and spent
much of his time in Dover or other
jails for the petty offences of which he
was guilty. A history of his life and
misdeeds, making a book of 360
pages, was published in or about
1807, from a Dover printing office,
written by Major Thomas Tash of
New Durham, from Tufts' dictation.
He was in and out of the army during
the Revolutionary war as suited his
mood. He died in Lemington, Maine,
in 1831, in the 83d year of a misspent
life. Mrs. Scales told us that it was
supposed that the descendants of this
man had gathered all the copies of
this biography possible, and destroyed
them; but a very short time ago,
Miss Garland, our watchful librarian,
knew that a copy of Tufts' "Life" was
to be sold at auction in Boston on a
given date. She laid the matter be-
fore the library officials, and received
permission to bid $10 for the book.
Woe is me! The volume was worth
$15 of someone's money, and Dover
failed to possess the book.

July 17, 1817, President Monroe,
who took his seat March 4 of the same
year, made a visit to New England,
going from Boston to Portsmouth and
Portland, and returning by way of
Dover, which he reached this day.
He was received at the line of the
state by a committee appointed by
the town authorities, conducted by
the marshals and select escorts, when
the following address was made to him
by the Hon. D. M. Durell:

"Mr. President: In the progress of
your national visit, you confer an

324

The Granite Monthly

additional honor upon New Hamp-
shire, by this day reentering the first
state upon the records of our union.
Your fellow citizens of the vicinity
eagerly seized the occasion for again
paying their respects to the chief
magistrate of a great and happy na-
tion. We cheerfully present you, sir,
the tribute of our most affectionate
regards, and pray you to accept it,
as the pledge of our veneration and
esteem, both for yourself and for the
government over which you are called
to preside."

The President was then escorted by
the principal inhabitants of Dover, a
part of Captain Lyman's troops from
Rochester and Milton, under the
command of Col. Edward Sise, and a
great cavalcade of citizens to this
town. On his arrival, he received a
national salute from the artillery.
After passing a few moments at
Wyatt's Inn, the President, attended
by his suite, proceeded to an eminence
arranged for the purpose, near Colonel
Cogswell's decorated with evergreen
and roses, where he was addressed by
the Hon. Wm, King Atkinson. In
this speech Mr. Atkinson welcomed
the President to the ancient town of
Dover; told him that the inhabitants
duly appreciated his eminent services
in the various high and honorable
departments assigned him by the
public voice. He said: "We have no
fortifications, no attractions, for your
view. Our pursuits are principally
agricultural. We turn in part to
domestic manufactures. We now give
you, sir, 'tis all we can, a most cordial
welcome to this part of New Hamp-
shire. We humbly implore the great
Parent of the universe, with whom is
the destiny of nations, to take you into
His holy keeping." He wished him a
successful administration for himself
and his country; prayed that his
health be preserved and strengthened
by his present tour, and that he have a
safe return to his friends and family.

To this address the President made
an elegant, appropriate and particu-
lar answer. He, with great modesty,

observed that he considered this
attention not paid to him as an indi-
vidual, but to his office; that he felt
himself honored by the attention paid
him in this section of the Union, and
united with us in fervent prayer that
our government might be administered
for the best interest of the nation.

After this ceremony, the President
and suite were escorted back to
Wyatt's Inn by the committee, with
whom he dined, and soon after he
gratified many people by making his
appearance on the streets. He passed
the evening and night with the Hon.
William Hale, who invited many citi-
zens and their wives to spend the
evening and be introduced to the
President. Everyone was highly grat-
ified by his dignified affability. The
President and suite left Dover on the
18th for Concord.

Wyatt's Inn, in 1817, was the old
Dover Hotel, and Colonel Cogswell's
house stood opposite, where the New
Hampshire House was built later, now
the site of St. Mary's Academy.

During the year 1824, General
Lafayette made his third and last
visit to this country and was every-
where received with demonstrations of
respect. A committee was appointed,
August 30, to invite him to Dover.
This committee consisted of John
Waldron, who lived on the Page farm,
near Page's Corner; Amos Cogswell,
a prominent lawyer; Moses Wingate,
a farmer, living on the Dover Point
road (these three men had been sol-
diers with Lafayette in the Revolu-
tion) ; William Hale, a prominent
citizen who lived in the Episcopal
Parish House, then standing where the
City Building stands today; Daniel
M. Durell, who built and lived in
the "Durell Mansion," now known
as the "Broadway Hotel"; John
Wheeler, a druggist, and John Wil-
liams, the first agent of the "Dover
Cotton Factory," incorporated in
1812. This committee of men waited
upon the General at Portsmouth,
September 1. In a very earnest and
generous address, they requested the

Visits of Famous Men to Dover

325

General, in the name of their fellow
townsman, to favor them with the
opportunity of tendering him the
homage of their respect in the village
of Dover.

General Lafayette said in reply:
"Gentlemen: The warm reception I
have this day experienced in the state
of New Hampshire is very gratifying
to my feelings, and the good people of
the town of Dover have done me
additional honor by deputing their
committee to greet me on this occa-
sion. When I shall have the pleas-
ure of again seeing this part of the
Union, which I hope to have in the
course of the ensuing spring, I will do
myself the honor to pay my respects
to the village of Dover."

June 23, 1825, the long expected
visit of the nation's guest (General
Lafayette) was made to Dover. He
came from Concord, where he had been
received by the Legislature, and was
met near the Durham line by the
Dover committee of arrangements,
and a large number of citizens in car-
riage and on horseback. The General
was introduced to the chief marshal,
Hon. D. M. Durell, by Major Walker,
marshal of the Durham escort. The
procession was then formed and the
General escorted into town. When
on the hill near Captain Dunn's, a
salute of thirteen guns was fired by the
Dover Artillery, stationed on Pine
Hill. The Strafford Guards, com-
manded by Capt. Moses Paul, and
the Rockingham Guards of Ports-
mouth, commanded by Captain La-
favour, did escort duty. Amidst the
cheers of the great crowd of people
who lined the streets, the procession
proceeded down Pleasant Street (now
Central Avenue). When the house
of the late Hon. John P. Hale was
reached, five little girls dressed in
white, with blue sashes, stood on the
stone steps and sang the song, "Wel-
come, Lafayette." These children
represented the first families of that
time; they were Clarissa Pierce, Lydia
Pierce, Martha Williams, Harriet
Riley and Elizabeth Wheeler. The

procession waited, and when they had
finished, the General rose in his car-
riage and saluted the girls.

At Tuttle's Square the procession
passed beneath a grand arch, covered
with evergreen, and trimmed with the
French flag and the Stars and Stripes;
at the new bridge (on Central Ave-
nue), was another arch, and so on to
Franklin Square, where the procession
turned down Main Street and, by
way of the Landing, came to the
Dover Hotel. Here the General was
introduced to the committee of
arrangements, Hon. William Hale,
chairman, who addressed the General
in a very cordial speech, to which the
General made a very appropriate
reply, which was received with loud
cheers from the people.

After a suitable time for rest, the
General, accompanied by the com-
mittee, the Governor's aid, the Leg-
islative committee, Colonel Dunlap
and Colonel Emery, the aids of Gov-
ernor Parris of Maine, and a large
number of citizens, repaired to the
town hall (the second floor of the old
court house), which was decorated
with appropriate ornaments and em-
blems, where they partook of an
excellent and sumptuous dinner, pre-
pared by Mr. Wyatt for the occasion.
After the cloth was removed, thirteen
toasts were announced by D. M.
Christie, Esq. The fifth toast was:
"General Lafayette — May his glory
and happiness be equal to his exertions
and sufferings in the cause of liberty."
General Lafayette, after having ex-
pressed his thanks for the welcome of
the people of Dover, for the toast just
given, and for the manner in which it
had been received, proposed the fol-
lowing sentiment :

"The town of Dover — May this
cradle of New Hampshire for ever and
ever, and more and more enjoy every
sort of agricultural and manufactur-
ing prosperity, the happy results of
American independence and Repub-
lican freedom."

The toast given by George Wash-
ington Lafayette, the son of the Gen-

326

The Granite Monthly

eral, was: "Equality of rights, the cor-
nerstone of the temple of liberty."
by Mr. Lavasseur (the General's
secretary): "Industry, source of pros-
perity, the secret guarantee of lib-
erty." By S. Mitchell, Esq.: "The
major-generals of our Revolutionary
army — The chief columns that sus-
tained liberty's temple throughout
the War of Independence — rest to the
fallen — health to Lafayette, the last
chief column standing."

After dinner the General and suite,
by previous invitation, went to the
mansion of the Hon. William Hale,
where were gathered much of the
fashion and beauty of this and neigh-
boring towns, for the purpose of meet-
ing the distinguished guest. Mrs.
Hale and her daughters served a
supper in a most elegant and tasteful
style. The General spent the night
in Mr. Hale's house, and now we have
the "Lafayette House."

The General left the Hale house
Friday morning at 8 o'clock for
Maine with a large escort. On arriv-
ing opposite the cotton factories, the
carriages halted, the great gate of the
factory yard was thrown open, show-
ing a double line of girls employed in
the factory to the number of two hun-
dred, all dressed in white with blue
sashes. The General was cheered
repeatedly. Messrs. Williams and
Bridge conducted him into the fac-
tory, the porch of which was beauti-
fully decorated with evergreen and
roses. The factory was still for a
moment, but as if by magic it was
instantly in full operation, attended
by the girls who had received the
company. On leaving the factory,
the General was conducted to his
carriage, and escorted to the line of
the state of Maine, where he was re-
ceived by Colonels Dunlap and
Emery, aids of the governor of
Maine.

September 10, 1834, Hon. John
Quincy Adams, ex-President, passed
through Dover on his return from the
White Mountains, remarking to a
gentleman with whom he was in con-

versation, "that in all his travels he
had never beheld natural secenery so
imposing and beautiful as that to be
met in New Hampshire."

On Friday, July 2, 1847, President
James K. Polk arrived in Dover on a
special train at 9.30 a. m., accom-
panied by James Buchanan, Secretary
of State; Hon. Nathan Clifford of
Maine, Attorney-General; Edmund
Burke of New Hampshire, Commis-
sioner of Patents; Commodore Stew-
art of the U. S. Navy, and Captain
Steen of the U. S. Dragoons. The
train stopped on- the Third Street
crossing, where the citizens and school
children went to meet the President
for a few minutes.

Louis Kossuth, the Hungarian exile,
came to New England in 1851-52, and
in that time he came to Dover, and
spoke in the grove back of the old
High School building. He was trying
to float Hungarian bonds, believing if
he had financial aid, Hungary could
be freed. He wore a soft felt hat
while in this country, and manufac-
tories perpetuated his name by mak-
ing felt hats after the shape of his,
and giving them his name. At once
stores selling men's goods were filled
with Kossuth hats. It must have
been a becoming style, for ten years
after his visit Kossuth hats were in
the market.

March 2, 1860, Abraham Lincoln
delivered a speech in the old city hall.
He came to Exeter to visit his son,
Robert T. Lincoln, who was fitting for
Harvard College at Phillips Academy.
The year before Mr. Lincoln had had
his great series of debates with Judge
Stephen A. Douglas, by which he be-
came well known throughout the
country ; and when prominent Repub-
licans knew that Mr. Lincoln was to
be in Exeter, the Republican Central
Committee sent a delegation consist-
ing of Walcott Hamlin, Esq., Hon.
William S. Stevens and George Math-
ewson, Superintendent of the Print
Works, to wait on Mr. Lincoln and
request him to speak in Dover. Mr.
Hamlin was spokesman when they

Visits of Famous Men to Dover

327

interviewed Mr. Lincoln. In reply
Mr. Lincoln said: "I'm a poor man,
and ought to be attending to my court
business in Illinois where courts are
in session. I cannot afford to come
to Dover for nothing, as my only
means for supporting my family comes
from my law practice."

Mr. Hamlin told Mr. Lincoln that
he would see to it that he suffered no
loss by delivering an address in Dover.
Whereupon, Mr. Lincoln consented to
come to Dover the next day and speak
in the evening. As soon as the com-
mittee reached home, they started a
subscription paper and easily raised
$150, Mr. Joseph Morrill being the
first man to subscribe. It is recorded
that Mr. Lincoln asked only $25 and
expenses, but the committee gave
him $100, and were well satisfied.
Hon. Thomas E. Sawyer introduced
Mr. Lincoln, saying: "Ladies and
Gentlemen, I have the pleasure of
introducing Hon. Abraham Lincoln
of Illinois, who will now address you."
The hall was cleared of settees, and
only voters were admitted to the main
floor. Women sat in the gallery.

Mr. Lincoln began his speech of
two hours with these words:

"Mr. President, Ladies and Gentle-
men: Whether you will or no, negro
slavery is the great political question
of the day," and from that on one
could hear a pin drop in the hall.
Many agreed that it was the greatest
address they had ever heard. He
said during his talk: "I am not
ashamed to confess that twenty-five
years ago (he was then fifty -one) I
was a laborer, mauling rails, at work
on a flat boat, just what might happen
to any poor man's son. I want every
man to have a chance, and I believe
a black man is entitled to a chance
to better his condition; that he may
be a hired laborer this year, and the
next year work for himself, and
finally hire men to work for him."
There were many Democrats in the
hall, and Mr. Lincoln, expecting this
might be the case, when he made a
specially strong point against the

Democratic party's stand on the
slavery question, would say: "Why
don't you Democrats 'jaw back,' as
we say out West, if what I have said
is not true?" He repeated the ques-
tion several times, but no one "jawed
back."

It is almost fifty-five years since
that great speech was given in Dover.
It is estimated that 1,500 people
listened to him, all forgetful of the
passing of time. He has gone to his
reward, and many of his listeners
have followed him into the Great
Beyond; but we are thankful to be
able to name several who are still
with us, and who help to keep green
the memory of Abraham Lincoln by
their personal recollections. We have
Col. Daniel Hall, John B. Stevens,
William H. Vickery, Edmund Lane,
Albert M. Canney, J. Frank Seavey,
Jeremiah Y. Wingate, John S. Dame,
D. W. Hallam, Thomas Tolmay,
Charles A. Fairbanks (then a small
boy), Samuel Rackley, Everett O.
Foss, who was a reporter, Charles C.
Bunce, and James E. Wentworth,
who walked from Salmon Falls, stood
up two hours listening to the greatest
speech he ever heard, and would have
been glad to have stood two hours
longer.

Col. Daniel Hall very kindly gave
us his impression of Abraham Lincoln
when in Dover. He had read reports
of the debate between Stephen A.
Douglas and Mr. Lincoln in 1858,
and the great speech delivered at
Cooper Institute in February, 1859,
when he presented point 'after point
so clearly on the great questions of
the day, slavery in particular, that
he made an army of friends at once.
When Mr. Lincoln came to Dover,
March 2, 1860, he gave the people
the Cooper Institute speech with a
few changes. After a slight pause,
Colonel Hall said : "It was the greatest
speech I ever heard, so strong in its
arguments, so clear, and of intense
interest." Colonel Hall spoke of the
wonderful character of the man;
never one word against his moral

328 The Granite Monthly

character; his life was without blem- Bennett, William S. Stevens, George

ish. He said: "It was in the minds Colbath, Benjamin Gerrish, Jr., Rich-

of thinking people that Mr. Lincoln ard X. Ross,. George Wadleigh, George

would be the next President, but W. Benn and Dr. Low as present.

Seward had a large following. When All showed a desire to talk to the dis-

the convention met, Lincoln gained tinguished visitor. Mr. Lincoln was

on Seward each ballot," and he said: very affable; he asked me some ques-

"I believe it was the seventh ballot tions about the schools of Dover, and

that elected Lincoln. A messenger spoke highly of Phillips Exeter Acad-

went to him and said : ' The seventh emy, where he had placed his son.

ballot is for,' — here he paused — Abra- He was a lean, big man, loose-limbed,

ham Lincoln, and not Mr. Seward.' wrinkled, smooth-shaved; voice in

Mr. Lincoln was silent for a second, conversation low, trailing off at the

then started up saying: 'There is a end of sentence. When I got above,

little woman up the street that will the hall was jammed, and I stood

be interested in that,' and went out." under the gallery. There was a tre-

Colonel Hall spoke of his height, mendous body of elderly men seated,
and smiled as he said: "When Mr. a few boys. I cannot properly describe
Lincoln came to Dover, we — meaning the speech, — it was different, some-
many Republicans — met him at the thing new, and the stories and allu-
depot. Richard N. Ross was with sions convulsed young and old. I
us, and Mr. Lincoln smiled when he find it difficult to discriminate between
met him, saying, ' You have some tall what he said and what I have read
men in Dover,' and they measured since. I was little more than a boy,
back to back. Mr. Lincoln was two and I own that I was more impressed
or three inches the taller. Someone by Mr. Lincoln's personal appearance
said : ' Wait a minute, we have a taller than by his argument. He seemed so
man here,' and Deputy Sheriff Ed- honest, so simple, touching and con-
ward Barnard of Farmington, who elusive. I don't recall that he moved
had come down to hear Mr. Lincoln, much on the stage, but distinctly
was hunted up and presented to him. I remember the long arms swinging,
They proceeded to measure, and Bar- the mask-like face, the quick turn of
nard was the taller by two inches and body to right and left as he drove
a half, he being six feet seven inches, home a red hot rivet of appeal; the
and Mr. Lincoln, according to his own mobile change in his face from gravity
account, was six feet four and one- to mirth suggested rather than exhi-
half inches, strong. Mr. Lincoln was bited. But so far as I was concerned,
delighted, and bowed to a taller man coming events cast no shadow before,
than he was." Colonel Hall said: At that time it never crossed my mind
"I think Mr. Lincoln the greatest that he would be President. After-
'mere man' that ever lived," and he wards I found that everybody else was
spoke feelingly of his admiration for sure of it. It is often thus, but I
him. remember enough to know that the

Mr. John B. Stevens says: "Mr. speech was full of freshness and origi-

Lincoln was taken first to an ante- nality, and in accordance with the

room of the assembly hall. Later he growing spirit of the North, so there

was brought down to the city clerk's was a perfect understanding between

office. There he waited while the hall the speaker and the mature part : of

filled. I was substituting for Clerk his audience, and Dover was deeply

Wiswall. Mr. Lincoln was given a moved."

chair on the outside of a long table. Mr. William H. Yickery was one

I kept my seat on the inside. The of the great crowd who heard Mr.

room was crowded. I recall George Lincoln on that memorable night.

Mathewson, John E. Bickford, James He says: "I pushed and crowded my

Visits of Famous Men to Dover

329

way into the hall; it was jammed full,
and enthusiasm prevailed, and ap-
plause greeted his speech, as he made
strong points about the dangerous
spread of slavery; his strongest argu-
ments were directed against any fur-
ther extension of slavery. " Mr. Vick-
ery says that the next morning
Thomas Law was the barber who
shaved Mr. Lincoln; his shop was over
Mr. Hatch's store, corner of Orchard
Street and Central Avenue. At that
time Mr. Lincoln did not wear any
whiskers, and Mr. Law had quite a
task to scrape over the hills and val-
leys of the grand face. From that
day to the end of life, Mr. Law was
an ardent admirer of Mr. Lincoln.

Among the women who sat in the
gallery and heard that celebrated
speech, we have Mrs. J. Alonzo Wig-
gin; and when she came out of the hall
she met Mr. Lincoln on the stairway,
and was introduced and shook hands
with him. Miss Susan Woodman
remembers Mr. Lincoln's visit well;
she went with her father and sister
to hear him. During Mr. Lincoln's
stay in the city, he was the guest of
Mr. George Mathewson, who lived
in the agent's house on the corner of
Nelson and Locust Streets. Much
more could be written, but we have
other visitors to Dover to remember.

March 11, 1848, Gen. Sam Houston
came to Dover by the invitation of
the Democrats, to talk on the benefits
which would be derived by the coun-
try from the annexation of Texas, and
made an effort to show that the true
boundary between Texas and Mexico
was the Rio Grande. He talked for
two hours on this subject and the
beauties of war and slavery. The
Whigs, knowing that Houston was to
come, and hearing that Horace Gree-
ley was in Boston, sent a telegram
asking him to come to Dover, and
make a speech to follow Houston's.

Mr. Greeley listened to Mr. Hous-
ton's talk, took a few notes, and in one
hour cleared the air of war and slavery.

June 23, 1857, ex-President Frank-
lin Pierce came to the newlv consti-

tuted city of Dover, accompanied by
James M. Mason of Virginia and
others. They arrived on the 10
o'clock train from Boston on their
way to the White Mountains. A
great crowd assembled in front of the
American House. Dr. Joseph H.
Smith introduced the distinguished
guest. The ex-President's speech was
a happy one. A large delegation of
high school girls was present, and each
stepped forward and shook hands
with the speaker. Then the southern
gentleman, Mr. Mason, was intro-
duced. He was famous as the author
of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, and
was to figure four years later with
John Slidell, as a guest of Captain
Wilkes on the United States steamer
San Jacinto.

Gen. B. F. Butler addressed the
citizens of Dover, March 10, 1865,
by invitation. The city hall was
crowded, and hundreds were unable to
obtain admission. Daniel M. Chris-
tie, Esq., presided, and introduced
General Butler in a few fitting re-
marks, who then proceeded to address
the audience, speaking for an hour
with great eloquence and effect. He
closed his brilliant and patriotic ad-
dress by saying: "See to it that New
Hampshire, as she always has been,
is, and is ever to be found in favor of
the Union, the Government of the
Right, and Liberty and Law. "

Gen. U. S. Grant was in Dover in
the fall of 1865, as he was on his way
to Portland. It was not generally
known that he was to pass through
on a regular train which only made
the customary stop, and only a very
few people saw the General.

During the administration of Mayor
Eli V. Brewster, in 1868-69, Gen. Phil
Sheridan came to Dover for a brief
visit. He spoke from the steps of the
New Hampshire House, and was intro-
duced by Samuel M. Wheeler, Esq.

In 1889, President Benjamin Har-
rison passed through Dover. He ap-
peared on the platform of the rear car;
the train did not stop, simply slowed
up as it went through.

330

The Granite Monthly

September 26, 1896, Messrs. F. F.
Fernald and F. C. Chase went to
Lawrence and induced William J.
Bryan, then candidate for the presi-
dency, to stop at Dover on his way
through to Bath, Maine. They were
successful, and he stopped off ten
minutes from the train, arriving in
Dover ten minutes past three.
Crowd assembled before three o'clock
and filled Depot Square. On the ar-
rival of the train, Mr. Bryan immedi-
ately appeared at the rear door of his
car, escorted by Mr. Fernald, and
Chairman Amey of the New Hamp-
shire Democratic Committee. The
"orator of the Platte" went to a bag-
gage wagon opposite the Dover Fur-
niture Co's store. He was assisted
into the cart, and began his talk. He
was twice interrupted in his speech,
first, when Mr. Arthur Sewell of Bath,
the vice-presidential candidate, ap-
peared, and was lifted into the cart
beside the speaker; second, by a dog
fight under the cart. Mr. Bryan
looked tired and careworn, and was
hoarse from much speaking. When
ten minutes had passed, he climbed
down from the cart, entered his
private car on the end of the regular
train, and faded from the sight of his
admirers. In this train went the
company of pickpockets, whom some-
one (not of Bryan's political faith) said
he brought with him. The fallacy of
this statement was shown, when a
handsome young Democrat was re-
lieved of forty dollars by the light-
fingered gentry.

August 29, 1902, President Roose-
velt came to Dover, and was greeted
by crowds of people. Franklin
Square was packed with folks who
came to see the first man of our great
nation; and it was said to be the first
time within the history of the grand
old city that a President of the United
States addressed its citizens from a
public platform on one of the public
squares. The stand was erected near
the old watering trough on Franklin
Square, and was handsomely dec-
orated with the national colors.

About eleven o'clock the Dover band
entered the stand nearby provided
for them, and gave a fine program.

At eleven thirty, Mayor Whittemore
and members of the City Councils
asembled at the City Building, and
were conveyed in carriages to the
stand on Franklin Square. The Straf-
ford Guards, Major F. E. Rollins and
Capt. Lewis E. Tuttle in command,
and the Sawyer Rifles, Lieutenants
Thayer and McLaughlin in charge,
under the direction of Major Frank
H. Keenan of the First Regiment New
Hampshire National Guards, marched
to the depot where they awaited the
arrival of the President's train. Mar-
shal Fogerty and his entire force were
on hand early to assist in preserving
order. Comrade John A. Goodwin
and Capt. George A. Swain had charge
of firing the salute. The field piece
was placed near the old High School
building on the Cocheco Manufac-
turing Company's land, and a salute
of twenty -one guns was fired when
the train rolled in. Mayor Arthur
G. Whittemore, ex-Gov. Charles H.
Sawyer and Alderman Thomas H.
Dearborn received the President.

Carriages were in waiting; the first
one was driven by Nehemiah Randall,
the occupants being President Roose-
velt, Secretary Cortelyou, Mayor
Whittemore and ex-Governor C. H.
Sawyer. On the box with Mr. Randall
was a secret service detective who
accompanied the President.

The line of march was down Third
Street to the square. When the
President alighted those seated on the
stand arose and stood uncovered until
he was seated. Mayor Whittemore
introduced the President in a brief
speech. The people greeted President
Roosevelt with great applause. He
spoke for ten minutes and pleased the
crowd. At the conclusion of the
speech the party returned to the sta-
tion where they were received by a
delegation of Maine officials, who were
to escort the President across the line
into Maine, where Governor Hill
would meet the party at his home in

Visits of Famous Men to Dover 331

Augusta. At 12.27 the train moved city, the beautiful gift in the choice

slowly out of the station. President English peculiar to himself, expressing

Roosevelt stood on the rear end plat- reverent memory for those whose

form with his hat off, bowing to the "life's fitful fever" was ended, and an

people as the train went by. Cheer earnest desire to emphasize and per-

after cheer was given until he passed petuate the principles for which

out of sight. they had contended in life. Mayor

Saturday, October 19, 1912, our Dwight Hall accepted the gift in a

honored and esteemed citizen, Col. most generous and patriotic speech.

Daniel Hall, presented his royal gift, The dedicatory exercises by Charles

The Memorial to Soldiers and Sailors, W. Sawyer Post, No. 17, G. A. R.,

to the city of Dover. A large crowd under the command of Albert F.

of deeply interested people met on the Stackpole, were then performed;

grounds about the noble monument. Emery's Military Band gave a selec-

Grand Army men gathered from all tion, and the members of the Post

the towns around ; it was really their then took seats on the platform. All

day, and other folk came to pay their were eager to get a glimpse of "Cor-

respects to the men who preserved us poral Tanner," when Colonel Hall

as a nation. A large stand accom- proceeded to introduce this hero of

modated the special guests of the the Rebellion to his comrades and

donor, and the orator of the day, admirers as the orator of the day.

Hon. James Tanner of Washington, He told of the invitation given and

D. C. The clouds were weeping the fear that the orator would not be

softly, as if in remembrance of the able on account of a proposed trip to

men to whom this beautiful monu- California to accept, and the change

ment was raised. in plans that Drought "Corporal

Colonel Hall first introduced his Tanner" to Dover. I have tried to

namesake, the apple of his eye, the tell something of this introduction in

comrade of his sunset days, and said : my own language to save time, but

"At high noon on the 12th day of dear! the poverty of expression appal-

February, 1909, just 100 years to a led me, and in justice to Colonel Hall,

day and hour after God gave us to my audience and to myself, I turn

Abraham Lincoln, another man-child to the author's own words, for the}'

made his advent into the world, and were like "apples of gold in pictures of

this, my only grandson, was born, silver." He said, speaking of "Cor-

Not that I needed him on that day, or poral Tanner," "It is not, perhaps,

any other, to recall to me the name qfuite delicate to speak of him in his

and memory of the grandest man of presence in a way that the emotions of

the ages, the Preserver of the Ameri- this occasion prompt, but I cannot for-

can Union, the immortal Author of the bear to say that no man living and

Emancipation Proclamation, and the known to me has suffered so much for

Orator of Gettysburg. I need not his country. Towards the close of the

say that my hopes are centered in this second year of the war, in that sanguin-

little boy who bears my name, and it ary battle of the 'Second Bull Run,'

pleases me to commit to his infantile when the Star of the Republic seemed

hand the unveiling of this monument." to be setting in blood, he had the aus-

Little Dan did his part in this great tere glory of sacrificing both of his feet

event, and the noble proportions of and lower limbs to his country, and after

the grand tribute to soldiers and sail- numerous amputations, and enduring

ors stood before the people. Then, torments too horrible to relate, he has,

Colonel Hall, with the oratory for with sublime courage and fortitude,

which he was noted in his college made his way in the world on artificial

days and forever after, presented to supports, that have allowed him never

Hon. Dwight Hall, the mayor of the a day nor an hour of comfort or sur-

332

The Granite Monthly

cease from pain." He spoke of his
tour of the American continent, of
the great audiences he had thrilled
by his natural and spontaneous elo-
quence, and everywhere had been an
evangel of patriotism, and the de-
fender and supporter of his comrades.
"I have been proud to be his friend
for many years; he has come here as
a personal favor and compliment to
me, and I now have the honor to in-
troduce him to you, the Hon. James
Tanner — -let me not forget to give him
his highest title, ' Corporal Tanner,' of
Washington, D. C."

A mighty cheer greeted this man,
as he stood uncovered before the
people. "The frosts that never melt
had gathered in his hair," his face
was pale and drawn from suffering,
but his eyes burned with a holy fire.
He told of the years that had passed
since Sumter was fired on, and of the
wonderful growth of the country in
fifty years. Then he told of the awful
destruction of human life during the
Civil War. "Of the 2,700,000 who
answered Liberty's cry for help, 2,-
100,000 sleep the sleep that knows no
waking till God's Judgment Day.
When Liberty in mortal peril voiced
her cry for help through the lips and
pen of the greatest American of all
time — bar none — Abraham Lincoln,
we had the stature, whether we had
the years or not, which enabled us to
answer that cry, for we had 1,151,-
438 soldiers under eighteen years of
age." He enumerated by name the
battlefields, and said: "They were but
names to the non-history reading ci-
vilian, but they were the sacrificial
altars of the Republic, on which, in
whose defense, we poured our great
oblations of the best and bravest
blood in the whole land. Many have
sat in the house of worship, and been
thrilled by that famous hymn, 'Hold
the Fort, for I am coming,' in total ig-
norance of the fact that that sweet
singer of Israel, P. P. Bliss, the author
of that hymn, found his inspiration
in an incident familiar to all veterans.
"Corse, holding Altoona Pass, was

hard pushed, and Sherman wig-
wagged at him the message, ' Hold the
fort. I am coming.' Corse signaled
back an answer which I have never
heard of being set to music, either
sacred or profane. His message was:
'I am short one ear and part of my
cheekbone, but we can whip all hell
yet,'"

He spoke of the bravery of the
American soldier, and said: "For
many years the civilized world had
listened to the story of 'The Charge
of the Six Hundred at Balaklava.'
Somebody blundered. We shall never
know who, for the officer who brought
the command was killed within ten
minutes. At the head of the Six
Hundred English Horse, there sat in
his saddle Lord Cardigan, the last of
his lordly line. He knew when he
read the order that it was a command
for him and his men to do the impossi-
ble. He knew that the gates of the
Eternal opened wide for them that
moment. But he was a soldier, and
it was his first duty to obey orders.
It is said that just before he gave the
order to charge, he drew his sword-
belt one buckle-hole tighter, muttered
in an undertone: 'Here goes the last
of the Cardigans,' gave the order to
charge, and the Six Hundred rode to
defeat and death. Can we match it?"
he asks. "Come with me to that
awful day in '63 at Chancellorsville —
the line broken where the 11th Corps
had stood, a great gap. The eagle of
the Confederacy, Stonewall Jackson,
was quick to grasp the situation, and
was rushing to throw his forces in be-
tween our severed lines. On one side
of that break rested numerous pieces
of our artillery, unaligned; on the far
side, there sat in their saddles three
hundred of the 8th Pennsylvania
Cavalry, at their head Major Peter
Keenan. Fortunately for the Union
cause, there came dashing down the
line that splendid soldier and gentle-
man, General Alfred Pleasanton.
One glance gave him the situation.
Without halting, he cried out to the
officer in charge of the artillery:

Visits of Famous Men to Dover

333

'Align those guns, double shotted,
grape and canister, three second fuse.'
Galloping on to 'Major Keenan,' he
said, pointing to Jackson's column,
'You must charge that column and
hold it in check five minutes, or the
field is lost.' Peter Keenan was a
cultivated Irish gentleman. He knew
the meaning of General Pleasanton's
command, and he knew in all prob-
ability he was living in the last mo-
ments of his life. Rising in his stirrups
as he saluted, he said: 'General, we
will do it, and we will die,' gave the
order to charge, and led the way.
Jackson's rifles volleyed, and the
saddles were empty. Later in the
day we found that nine bullets had
entered Keenan's breast, his adjutant,
who rode by his side, received fifteen.
Their souls went to God from the sad-
dle. The time had been gained, and
the day was saved."

Other instances of wonderful brav-
ery he told of, as the rain came softly
down.

Lastly he said: "In the year of our
Lord nineteen hundred and twelve,
your Uncle Sam, by the grace of God,
and through the devotion and self-
sacrificing of his sons living and dead,
sits on a front seat in the parliament
of nations, co-equal with all the kings
and emperers of the earth."

October 23, 1912, President William
H. Taft and party motored from
Portsmouth to Dover, on their way
to Poland Springs in Maine. Frank-
lin Square was once more crowded
with people, vehicles and machines.
Everyone was in good humor, and
divided their attention between the
American House, where the President
was to speak, and the city building,
where they expected to get the first
glimpse of the great man. At once a
huge car shot into view, with two or
three more in close pursuit. The
steam road roller screamed a cordial
welcome, and started nervous by-
standers heavenward. The Presi-
dent's car whirled down Washington
Street — the Central Avenue bridge

was being built — passed the mill,
where the girls, at nearly every
window, cheered the President, who
waved his hat with vigor, and dashed
around Nutter's corner, up Main
Street, and was at the American in a
trice. Here, so the story runs, two
Dover men of affairs had ransacked
the hostelry to find a chair of gener-
ous proportions, and finally decided
on a sleepy-hollow. This they pro-
ceeded to decorate, or rather cover,
with the Stars and Stripes. It was
pinned on, and lashed on with strong
cords; and when they had finished,
thev surveved their handiwork, and
said, "It is well."

President Taft and party were met
at the steps by Hon. Dwight Hall,
Mayor, and other prominent men.
He was conducted to this flag-be-
trimmed chair. The President looked
aghast, and said: "I cannot sit on the
flag." Than a dash was made for
another chair, and one from the office
was produced. This had arms and
was not made for a man of such ample
proportions as President Taft thenwas.
He bowed his thanks, and wedged him-
self into the chair as far as he could.
This ceremony of seating the Presi-
dent being over, Mayor Hall, in a
short speech, introduced the distin-
guished guest to the people.

Acknowledging the introduction,
President Taft arose, and the chair
came also. Willing hands come to
his aid, and after several vigorous
yanks, the President was freed. He
told the people that he realized that
they came' to honor the office he held,
and asked the group of school chil-
dren in front of the crowd, if the teach-
ers let them out to see the President.
They said "yes." "Well," he said,
"they did down to Portsmouth, too."
Ot er remarks he made in the few
minutes he tarried, and the people
cheered. Then in less time than it
takes to read it, the party was
whisked out of sight, and another
President was added to Dover's list
of " Famous Visitors."

THE TREE OF TAMWORTH

By David Alawen

A Traveler, weary indeed, but not
footsore, for his feet were inured to
the steepest trail of the hills, was
nearing, one Fourth of July, the goal
of his steadfast progress. He had
reached that lovely amphitheatre,
almost midway between Chocorua
Peak and the warm, green, generous
slopes of Ossipee. The broad valley
is traversed by several roads which,
if not utterly commendable as to
maintenance, all suggest to those
who are wise to their lead, near or far
revelations of superbly individual
mountains, shimmering lakes in
stately forests and, finally, after the
years of waiting on the part of the
first roads that dared strike across the
primeval grandeur, homes of many
men whose wits, because they were of
the separatist, ideal-seeking, nature-
loving type, brought them to sure
havens of work and rest, of labor and
fruition, of the ever-open book of
heaven and earth's collaboration, so
facile of reading to the expert and
blank as washed boulders to the
dullard.

The name of the amphitheatre is
"Tamworth the Blessed." Blessed
in her situation between rugged
mountains whose strength enters into
the hearts of the men who know them
and the tenderer embrasures of hills,
where flowers grow with coy delight
in their own forms and colors ; blessed
in her amber waters, her noble groves
with music learnt in Eden, in, we
affirm because of no proved negation,
the good human sense and ready intel-
lect of her inhabitants; in, finally, the
memory of that Spirit which came
from "Rowley's hills of pines" to
found an altar for the Eternal in her
midst; a Spirit as tense and unre-
mitting in zeal as was Whitefield's,
and who brought the humanities —
too often not paired with so-called
"divinities" — to Tamworth, to estab-
lish them for all generations.

The Traveler was a man who had
been reared with ideals as straight as
that line of lightning which cleaves
the face of Chocorua with one per-
pendicular flame when the old Chief,
in righteous rage, has to belch forth
the old, old curse of the betrayed
which rankles in all wronged human
souls from the days of Goshen down,
and is a bullet which rebounds unfail-
ingly to the warm life on the hearth of
the betrayer.

The Traveler had discovered that
the Straight Line had matched with
the expediencies of a business career
as well as it might with a snake's glide.
Still, as he moved across the fields of
Tamworth the Traveler was not
worrying over the world. He gave
himself up to the hour and the sky.
It was time for the sun to set on this,
the latest Fourth of Freedom, and the
heavens were lit as if willing to partici-
pate in the festal glow of America.
The entire northern half of the sky
was one clear vault of blue, cloudless
save for a puff of rose that rested in
the motionless air to the left of Cho-
corua' s head, caressing it and express-
ing the smile which stays in the heart
of the warrior, for, to the end of time,
he will not show it to the folly at his
feet. The bird and the sunset cloud
know him, know of it, tell it out,
unchidden, and carry it a thousand
miles to people who cannot read the
plain text : ' ' The smile from Chocorua's
heart."

From Page Hill to Great Hill there
spanned a curious arch of finest down,
regular, unbroken, pearl-white, fringed
like a mantle on the south, shortly
but exactly, the entire length. From
Mount Whittier to Page Hill the sky
was one vivid, steadfast rose. In the
southwest a slender crescent, extend-
ing her horns to the evening star, hung
in a clear, unclouded golden light.

Ah no! Only the Traveler lived so
lost to self and wordly calculations

336

The Granite Monthly

in the unusual lights of the setting sun
that he reckoned with time as we do,
when, by altar or on public platform,
some unique event unmanacles us
from time and space to instruct us in
the eternity of the spirit. Chocorua
alone was steadfast. The rose flick-
ered out by his brow, the glow of the
south paled; Diana and Venus, self-
interested goddesses, sank to where
no vulgar eye could follow; the key-
stone of the great, white arch rolled
back from the zenith and the Traveler
counted the evening chimes from the
church spire.

"It is always the Fourth here!"
was the gay response to remarks of
the Traveler on the quiet neighbor-
hood when he reached his destination,
a white New England homestead with
deep-foliaged maples in front. Here
he was to rest the night and recall with
the older members of the family the
history of Tamworth's early days, a
task that never palled, for he himself
was a son of the granite peak which
had worn the rose that night, and the
whole valley was his ever-welcoming
home.

The next morning we will go with
our Traveler on an easy road to the
holy ground of Tamworth's history.
Easy, though we cross from main road
to main road by a trail leading through
sweetfern and savin, past one wild
glen of fir and pine that holds us
quietly awhile in its rugged beauty.
In little over half an hour we reach
the "Ordination Rock," just this side
of the cemetery where the lots are
portions of resting-ground marked off
by names all repeated today in the
village whose white spire is visible
from the rock. In the northeast
corner is a tablet, horizontally sup-
ported on New Hampshire granite
posts: under it lies the dust of the
soldier and pastor who "came to the
Wilderness and made it a fruitful
field. " In the same God's acre lie the
bodily remains of Mrs. William
Eastman who declared in what was
then a fruitful orchard hung with
September fruit, back of the rock,

"Mr. Hidden shall be ordained today!"
It was the fiat lux of the pioneers and
— strange how quick the men of
mountains are — all gathered around
the mighty rock whose white obelisk
today recalls the fight, the victory,
the life of the community. Not be-
fore, however, Mr. Hidden had struck
that vibrating key-note of the true
church which is bright with Christ's
own o'ermastering diction: that small
dissensions, aesthetic forms, climatic
or local expediencies have naught to do
with the love of God.

Argument had arisen over baptism
and its ceremonial, but God's love,
which is above and before all rite and
ceremony, was waiting to be recog-
nized, and a woman proclaimed the
fact. So the grand union of the prin-
ciples which make for life abounding
was manifest in the forest ordination.

If ever a man gave his life for his fel-
low-men it was Samuel Hidden, who
fought from 1777 to 1781 for the
liberty of a people, worked in order to
win in Dartmouth College that knowl-
edge which "trembles not at the
threatenings of ignorance," came to
the far fastnesses of the pioneer, and
was the direct light and inspiration of
fifty-six pastors and teachers who
went out from the Hidden Ordination
Rock, it may be said.

The Traveler turned from the rock,
"hurled from its mountain throne"
to symbolize the strength of a com-
munity's spiritual comfort, and saw
in front of him Mount Whittier. A
surging flood of thought possessed
him in the warm, nerve-quickening air.
Why could not more men on this
unhappy earth be worthy of com-
memoration — not by stone figures of
doubtful a?sthetic value overlooking
rigid paths and the crimes of a city,
but mountains, bare to heavens that
know no sin, rocks immovable as this
one where the Holy Spirit hovered in
its own hour, its own place — the heart
of a just and loving man?

Fragments of the first poem on the
rock came to the Traveler as, with his
fine surgeon-hand resting on the

The Tree of Tamworth

337

granite, he looked across to the warm
green slopes of Ossipee. Suddenly
the deep gray eyes darkened as a con-
vincing idea was born behind them.

"Is that thy brother on Plymouth
Shore?"

An oriole's gold flashed by, clung
to a birch-twig a second, then hurried
to the blue beyond the hemlock.

The Traveler started, turned.
Someone was there, he knew, smiling
behind him. Yet, not a human being
nearer than the white homestead be-
yond the cemetery! Still, surely as
he saw no form, so surely the smile
he had known behind him had been
there. The Traveler shivered slightly
in the July sun, the impression had
been so strong. With a strange, half-
involuntary analysis he came to an
understanding of the difference be-
tween the two rocks. Peril and hero-
ism to meet it — that and much more
is symbolized by the rock of the land-
ing but in the wake of Tamworth Rock
there is no ear-cutting, no whipping of
women on the naked body, no Wil-
liam Lloyd Garrison in jail or enduring
gross abuse, no following up of dis-
traught minds with cruelty and death,
no hanging for a difference in creed.
Tamworth Rock was the focus of
spirits craving and finding union in
the name of one God, one redemption,
September 12, 1792. A later day had
come and from near that parish which
in years of witchcraft had "in history
only the romantic corona of that dark
eclipse of reason and humanity" from
a neighborhood whose enterprise was
unexcelled and from which judges,
ministers, historians and poets, scien-
tists and reformers, army and navy
leaders went forth to all ends of the
states; by way of Newburyport, where
now Whitefield's bones' lie beneath
the Bible of his own using, and
where, when the soldier-priest passed
through, the nucleus was already
formed of today's prosperity, of which
one historian says: "No such produc-
tion of wealth can be found elsewhere,
man for man and woman for woman"
bearing in him the genius of an in-

tensely productive erudition, with the
wide horizons of Dartmouth and the
close, shoulder-to-shoulder life with
the laborer in nature's untainted
fields of produce. Mr. Samuel Hid-
den arrived in the broad green valley
between Chocorua and Ossipee, to be
welcomed by the "hardy sires of a
sterling stock" as a man who could
stretch the message-wires between the
wilderness and all fair havens of cul-
tivation, progress and spiritual en-
lightenment.

The Traveler left the Ordination
Rock as the sun was potently announc-
ing a day of great heat and started to
return to the homestead by the same
road, but crossed the pastures by a
different path, attracted toward a
deep forest of hemlock and pine,
through which he vaguely recollected
an old road leading from hill to hill.
He never arrived at the said path but,
as so frequently happens to the wan-
derer, the revelation of a lifetime
brought a thanksgiving to his lip
for his own erratic steps. Crushing
the sweetfern and brake as he passed
he had nearly reached the dark
hemlock borders of the forest when
he saw in front of him a rock, not so
large as the one with the memorial
shaft but yet a noble mass of gran-
ite, a Gibraltar, one had thought,
against any force short of dyna-
mite. But the powers of nature, so
slow to myopic humanity, so sure
and perfect of attainment to herself,
had been at work in her own sytematic
unremitting fashion of the aeons.
When the surgeon receives from the
manufacturer his latest lancet, he
enthusiastically admires the fine blade
reduced, as it is to the slenderest possi-
ble expression of metal. But there is
a far. finer instrument than this almost
invisible edge which is to eliminate the
evil, an instrument used by nature
every day for the perfecting of crea-
tion, in elaborating the content of
microscopic capillaries, in regulating
the mysteries of the heart's innermost
cell, the pulses of the genius and the
thrush, in the cohesion of a clod and

338 The Granite Monthly

the diffusion of the mayflower's frag- Clouds, somewhere in the sky, but
ranee. With the simplicity which the Traveler's eyes were too altar-
marks all true grandeur, nature uses railed by thought to search for cause
this same tool to fashion a thunder- while the effect was a beautiful corol-
bolt and to put the bloom on a berry, lary to the poem he was reading; clouds
The name of it is Light. from somewhere purpled the moun-
The rock was cleft by a V-shaped tains and Passaconway stood in
aperture, now thirty inches wide at royal robing; the bare shoulders of
the top, eight at the bottom and out Chocorua rose in violet from the dark
of the V grew a birch, a noble tree with belt below. From pyramid to peak
healthy, far-reaching limbs, abundant there hung the morning's latest mantle
foliage and an air of victory that sits of God's light.

with no arrogance on nature's own. The power of growth is light that

"I have conquered," says this birch, can push asunder the rocks for her

hard of texture, glossy of skin. The children.

man regarding it recognized the vie- The only royalty of the universe is

tory due to all who struggle to triumph light, clothing the character of granite,

over the death dealt out to every the home of song, the aspiration of the

individual aspiration of holiness, every heights with the vesture of unfading

ideal of high fulfilment, every reform magnificence.

in a country's government. The Remembering the man with whom

Traveler rested in front of the tree, he had spent the foregoing evening.

How the hand of a Dore would have the Traveler returned to the white

delighted in tracing on canvas the home where he, the only surviving

massive roots which had reared and grandson of the soldier-pastor, still

heaved through the aperture, so small came for recuperation from the city,

in the memory of man that a hare He who saw what the grandfather

could not sneak through it. Having foresaw, the. home, the church, the

overcome "the oppressor's wrong" library, the most recent inventions

they now support a perfect tree. As in practical use, the "fruitful field,"

the roots curved and finally squared was warm with all the enthusiasm of

themselves, each inch of aggression any resident native over Tamworth

against such hostile force demon- and her surroundings. But the tales,

strated the power that belongs to rich in local color, which had unwound

Light alone. as links from the chain of memory the

"Behold your Instructor!" night before, found no sequels this

How many know when Instruction morning. The Doctor and the Trav-

with full, warm pulses stands before eler, the man with the hand of a sur-

them? Like Galahad, men do not ask geon, each a son of the hills, each with

the zealous questions of an honest the heart of a poet that so rarely

science. Galahad began first to ques- meets its fellow, walked toward the

tion when " Life had taught him work village, the two apart from things

and law" as all the learning of the mundane, in that converse the richest

nuns, all the worldly wisdom of Gur- part of which is the silence of a pro-

nenanz, could not do.j found understanding.

From the fair, fertile upland of old Rowley's historied hill
There came to young New Hampshire an ardent conquering will,
Came to the wilderness as others said, to what he knew,
With gift of prescient soul, was to align in avenue
And homes for that posterity so dear to hope divine.
Today a rock of reverend height remains as holy shrine
Of him whose twofold soldierhood gave twofold liberty,
But, cross the rugged pastures where the thrush's jubilee

The Tree of Tamworth 339

Each summer evening rings the hymn which cheers Chocorua's breast,

Where purple carpets caught by briar, hide many a nest,

And there behold another rock as earth's own monument :

There wait and know there is a God. The Voice of the Ascent,

Of greatest Love life ever knew, here speaks with Victory's spell,

The tree triumphant over death life's watchword dares to tell:

"Light is thy life, man, as God is love and only love."

Light is thy holy strength. (3 cleanse thy heart till streams above

No purer leap the heights and, with myself, the hardest foe

That heart shall conquer well. Thy head shall bear o'er every woe

And, benefactor of the weak, — that noblest empire yet, —

Know thou thyself, G man! The golden rays of day that set

Beyond my hemlock guard, shall find thee stark as I, and young

When years have taught thee work and law as any lilt that's sung.

In vortices of faith, O man, let thy soul rise to God

And time will prove why Tamworth paths thy feet this hour have trod.

The thunder of hell-war now rolls on roads of the Old World

And dynasties, all worn and waned in Heaven's sight unfurled

Their flags in month our freedom won. Death! is the watchword rung.

Death rides apace for Teutons, Slavs of the same mother-tongue

Must, for a moth-holed glove thrown down in Europe's campus fair,

Put out the life of brothers in this sweet summer air.

Death, then, is emperor now o'er gold of ripening field

And potentates, so-termed, to war's insanity must yield.

The challenge comes! Read right the contest of the troubled fools!

Awakening to your task, remember God made men and tools

But never said "Men are but tools," o'er one babe's helpless brow

Nor grudged the least pure reason's leveling, freewill vow.

America, art thou the light and hope of all the world?
Then let our own well-proven Stars be valiantly unfurled,
White signals of the soul! Prove to the fight's red-running flood
As proves above this riven rock each tender hope-filled bud,
The God of all the universe is God of peace and home,
Of work well-done, of symmetry of life, not martydom
Of men, not rags of tinsel, ranting song, nor uniform
Compelled upon the young, young hearts of men all strong and warm
To aim toward a perfect earth by valiant stroke and will.
By rock o'ercome, by impulse light knew nobly to fulfil,
By all the crowns our sweetest Mays bring forth of sylvan green,
By all the beauty, all the birth the patient years have seen,
The wing its shadow and its rest, the nuptial song that stays
The human soul in dim, unworded wonder why no praise
Pours forth from human lip in tremor so divine and pure,
By tree held sacred in the snow-bound north, by all its lure
Of power and grace, America, break now the rock-bound life
Of mind rebuffed, o'erdollared, stunned in narrowing, choking strife,
And let the soul of every man know its own triumph now, —
Emancipation of itself, its own unfettered brow.
America, there is but one ideal for any race,
God's daughter to remain by right of light, by power of grace.
Tamworth, N. H.

340 The Granite Monthly

CONCORD BY THE MERRIMACK

By Edna Dean Proctor

[Written for the One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Charter of Concord.].

Serene amid the meadows

Her seasons come and go;
To north her glorious mountains,

Her ocean tides below.
No capital she envies

Its peak or plain or river —
Fair Concord by the Merrimack,

Whose fame is ours forever.

She guards New Hampshire's story

Within as rare a shrine
As Rome or Athens builded

To those they held divine!
For her sons come back to crown her —

Their ties they cannot sever —
Fair Concord by the Merrimack"

Whose fame is ours forever!

Still may the years bring wisdom

And honor to her halls ;
Still her proud state be eager

To serve when valor calls,
And see her Capital for aye

Of light and joy the giver —
Fair Concord by the Merrimack

Whose fame is ours forever!

BED-TIME

By Frances M. Pray

Win' am a-whisperin' high in de pine tree,
Dark am a-fallin' all quiet an' slow,
Come now, ma honey, yo haid is so heavy,
Cayn't fool yo mammy, yo'se tired I know.

All de clay long yo's been runnin' an' playin'
Down in de fiel' whar cle creek win' aroun' ;
Shut up dose eyelids, yo cayn't keep dem open,
Shut dem up close now, an' lay yo haid down.

Hear clat ole bull frog 'way down by de bayou,
He say, "De clay am all gone, go an' res';"
Sho, yo ain't skeered, yo know nothin' gwine get yo,.
Yo all is safe hyar on ole mammy's breas'.

All through cle fiel' hear the crickets a-hummin',
Hummin' to yo, chile, so sof an' so low,
Slow now dey're closin' yo're brown eyes so sleepy,
Cayn't fool yo're mammy, yo'se tired I know.
Tongaloo, Miss:

A WILDCAT STORY

By L. E. Bliss

They were taking a tramping trip
through the mountains and stopped
at a famous hostelry known as the
White Mountain Inn. Mr. Ingleside
was a man whom, once seen, you
would never forget. He combined
the splendid physique of one who had
been fond of out-door life and sports
with the intellectual lineaments of the
true Bostonian. The cultured gentle-
man was plainly visible in spite of the
tramp garb he had donned for this
occasion. His son, however, pos-
sessed none of the father's character-
istics. Weak in face and figure, quiet
to the point of inferiority, he sim-
ply followed where his father led and
echoed all his sentiments, and replied
in monosyllables to all your questions.
Yet, while less interesting than his
father, there was a quiet something
that belied the weakness of his face
and gave evidence of reserve strength.
Nor could one fail to note the tender-
ness of affection with which each re-
garded the other.

"Frank will be in presently," said
his father, as he entered the cheery
dining-room and stood warming him-
self in the light of the blazing hearth.
"He's quite an old maid about ad-
justing the contents of that knap-sack
and getting acquainted with his new
surroundings. I'll wager, though, he
could lay his hand on any article
wanted at a minute's notice." Just
then Frank entered with a face that
bore evidence to a good scrub and
neatly brushed hair, and together they
sat down to their supper of smoking
venison, roasted potatoes, hot bis-
cuit, and maple sirup.

"One doesn't need a tramp trip to
give him an appetite for a supper like
this," said Mr. Ingleside. Frank
characteristicly said nothing, but bus-
ied himself assiduously in appeasing
his hunger.

After the evening meal was ended

they sat before the open fire with
maps and guide books planning the
rest of the trip while the other board-
ers regaled them with stories of ad-
venture and tragedy, having for their
setting the background of the White
Hills.

"Let's see — From Boston to Port-
land, from Portland to Gorham,
thence on to Randolph, etc., — Ah!
Back through the Crawford! I have
it all planned," said Frank handing a
slip of paper to his father. "Yes,
that suits me very well." "Have
you mended that gap in my snow-
shoes? Good! We'll have some hot
soup in that thermos bottle and it
will last a long time. Any wildcats in
Tuckerman's Ravine?" This laugh-
ingly to the man who was just
finishing the bear story. "No jok-
ing, stranger," said the man in ques-
tion, "You are likely to find one this
season of the year out looking for
something to eat. They're danger-
ous, too, when they're hungry."

"Ah well, I have a trusty flintlock!
Now for a night's sleep."

Early in the following morning the
two men set off for their long tramp,
the knap-sack slung across the back
of each by turns. The weather could
hardly have been more favorable, keen
and frosty enough to impart a health-
ful glow, sunshiny and bright over-
head, just enough crust to make easy
walking. With long easy strides they
walked on in silence, pausing now and
then to snap their kodak on an es-
pecially Jovely bit of mountain scen-
ery. At noon they halted in the
shelter of a clump of firs for refresh-
ments and night found them at the
hut of the Appalachian Club on
Mount Madison. They entered, and,
exhausted by the day's tramp, soon
fell into refreshing slumber.

At midnight Frank was awakened
by a peculiar sound and after listen-

342

The Granite Monthly

ing a few moments, awoke his father,
also.

"Father, I thought — I know — I
heard a scream; it sounded like a wo-
man's voice!"

"Pshaw — go to sleep. You've had
a nightmare."

"But father — there! Listen! I hear
it again."

"Pon my word, I did hear some-
thing." And Mr. Ingleside rose upon
his elbow and listened.

In another second he bounded out
of the bunk, hastily dressed, and
seizing his rifle and a lantern, started
for the door. "It sounds more like
the howl of an animal to me," he
muttered.

"Hush, father go slow, don't do
anything rash, wait a minute, I'm
coming. Here, leave that lantern
and follow me with this flashlight —
down there by the bushes — oh!"

He stopped short, while a sound,
half human, half animal, rent the air.

"Can't be a wolf, can it?" said Mr.
Ingleside.

"No, no, that isn't the cry of a wolf,
its — say, father, you don't suppose its
a wildcat, do you?"

"By gad, its a woman. Hurrv,
Frank."

"Nonsense father, are you crazed?
how would a woman get up on this
mountain at midnight in the dead of
winter? Wake up! You're not in
Boston. This isn't Ladies' Night at
the club, but — well I guess its wild-
cat night at the Appalachian Club in
the heart of the White Mountains.
Did you hear that? By the way, isn't
there a mountain in this region called
Wildcat Mountain?"

"Don't stop to fire geography ques-
tions at me — your flashlight — over
there by the ledge!"

"Here she goes! By the shades of
the great Theocritus!"

Something they saw caused each
man to stand as if rooted to the spot
and a shiver caused not by the cold
or mountain blast passed through
their frames. As if by common im-
pulse each turned a questioning glance

into the other's eye and then without
speaking again, as if by common im-
pulse, they made a dash in the direc-
tion of the flashlight.

On they sped in silence grim and
foreboding — once and again a ball
of light would pierce the utter black-
ness — once only did Mr. Ingleside
pause to examine his gun, and Frank
stooped to dislodge from the ice two
rocks with jagged edges. The strange
cry had ceased and only for the tense,
drawn expression on the two faces one
might have thought there was nothing
to fear.

"We must be within a few yards of
the ledge," said Frank, his voice
tremulous with feeling. "Oh, father!
Oh!"

Just then a sound that seemed
more terrible than any they had yet
heard, a half human cry that savored
of entreaty, fear, and wild despair
mingled with animal-like savageness,
rose upon the air. With faces white
as the snow on which they trod the
two men plunged on. Suddenly they
stopped on a rise of ground that over-
looked a deep ravine.

No need of the flashlight now, for
out of the clouds that opened as if by
magic streamed the moon's radiance.
A strange picture presented itself.
The gleaming whiteness beneath, the
dark forms silhouetted on the hill, the
ghostly ravine where two snarling
animals faced each other, beyond the
ravine a ledge, on the crest of the
ledge — yes, a woman !

Crack! One of the wildcats lay
lifeless in the valley. The other with
a maddening cry sprang up the hill-
side. The woman on the ledge stood
erect and motionless as if watch-
ing the graceful panther-like tread.
Legend says that if once the wildcat
captures the eye of its would-be des-
troyer, it holds him enthralled as if by
a wondrous magic charm and paral-
yzes the will. It almost seemed as if
the story were to be verified in this
instance, for both figures on the
hillside stood as if petrified. Now
bounding along, now creeping on-

A Wildcat Story

343

ward came the creature until within a
few feet of our friends it paused and
with a strange purring sound crouched
low in the snow, its open, panting jaws
in full range of Mr. Ingleside.

"No, you don't," said that gentle-
man, as if suddenly aroused to life,
and crack! went a shot straight into
the open jaws. Infuriated beyond
measure, the animal made the final
spring and fastened its forepaws
around Mr. Ingleside's waist in a
deathlike hug. Soon both were rol-
ling in the snow made horribly red
with blood from the wildcat's dripping
jaws. A desperate struggle ensued.
Frank seemed to have lost all power
to move. No sound broke the still-
ness except the heavy panting of the
contestants. Suddenly Frank hurled
one of the sharp-edged rocks in a
blind fashion toward the tumbling
mass. The only effect was to dis-
lodge the rifle from his father's hands.
Frightened into steadier aim he hurled
with all his force the remaining weap-
on of defence. This cut into the
animal's hide and with a terrific howl
of pain and rage it turned upon
Frank who dodged the spring just in
time. Again and yet again with the
same result. But Frank was becom-
ing exhausted and the most skillful
dodging would not avail in that third
leap.

Mr. Ingleside, stiffened and sore,
had arisen to his feet and now seizing
the rifle made his way slowly toward
the wildcat, who, crouching low pre-
pared for the fatal leap. But a numb-
ness was creeping into the fore feet
and shoulders and a great weakness
showed itself in a shiver that passed
through the whole body. The short,
the terrible struggle, the intense cold
were doing their work and, crash,
it needed only that blow of the rifle
to complete it. With a low moan
the creature surrendered its life and
the rifle, also, had done its last work
as it lay in two pieces on the snow.

For fully five minutes Frank and
his father sat motionless looking at
the handsome thing at their feet, then

Frank went towards it as if moved by
an irresistible impulse, and began
stroking his side, "Poor creature!
You made a brave fight," he said.
His father laughed uneasily and then
— "By Jove, Frank — the woman, —
what in the deuce and how."

"I don't know, but it's up to us to
see," said Frank and they made their
way to the ledge.

When they at length arrived, the
woman was no longer erect, but sat
huddled on the rock in a half-frozen,
disconsolate heap, while a big St. Ber-
nard dog fretted at its chains which
were fastened securely to a bolt driven
into the solid rock.

Her story was soon told.

A party of six had set out to cross
the range including herself, her hus-
band and brother and dog. She
was a lover of botany and had lin-
gered behind the others to gather
rare specimens of mountain lichen.
When her brother and her husband
found the others had lost them, they
told her to wait on the ledge while
they found the others and left the
dog with her for protection. As
night came on they failed to appear
but not so the wildcats, who had
frightened her, she said, trying to
laugh through her tears, out of a
year's growth. The dog had howled,
she had tugged in vain at the chains,
the wildcats had snarled, and she had
shrieked. The combination of sounds
had drawn Frank and his father
thither. Then she began to sob as
she feared she knew not what for her
father and brother — yes, and the
rest of the party.

Frank and his father looked puz-
zled, "The hut is the only solution
I can see," said Mr. Ingleside. "We
can't leave her here to freeze."

"I think I can manage the dog's
chains," said Frank, "and we shall
have to take the path around this
side of the ledge."

It was four o'clock in the morning
when they drew near the hut. They
were surprised to see smoke curling
from the chimney. The St. Bernard

344 The Granite Monthly

with sudden bound pulled the chain of the party were here and had stepped
from Frank's hand and, barking gaily, out to get some moonlight pictures,
ran to the door. A moment later So, completely wearied by their long-
he returned and with him the stal- tramp, they slept soundly and had
wart forms of two men. "Father, heard nothing till the barking of the
brother" "Lucy" all in one breath, dog aroused them.
"And oh, here are Emma and Sue Lucy's husband and brother, how-
and Dick. But how — I don't under- ever, had slept not at all. They had
stand — I" — Lucy had fainted. heard the howling of the animals and
The sequel is not hard to guess, had started back to rescue Lucy. By
At the early breakfast they told how some awful blunder they had missed
Emma and Dick and Sue had arrived their way and by a circuitous route
at the hut. It must have been just stumbled upon the hut at daybreak,
after Frank and his father left the while thinking they were going toward
place. They had taken the wrong the ledge.

path and that accounted for the late- "All roads lead to Rome" in Italy.

ness of the hour. Seeing the hut had All roads lead to the hut in the moun-

been occupied, they imagined the rest tains of New Hampshire.

A BUTTERCUP IDYL

By L. Adelaide Sherman

On a sea of buttercups, golden-bright,

I am drifting on to my heart's delight,

Where daisies scattered far and free

Are the tossing foam of this yellow sea,

And my light dream-shallop rocks and swings.

With its vision-sails like fairy wings.

The apple orchards are islands; these
Are fairer than famed Hespirides;
Yet pause I not, but sail away
To the open, shining gates of day,
Where the rising sun has lightly spread
Her scarf of amber and gold and red.

I know if I pass through that wide-flung door
That I and my boat return no more;
For the rainbow land that beckons me
Is the other shore of a soundless sea;
So over this trembling pathway 1 right
I am sailing back to my heart's delight.
Contooeook, N. H.

OLD DAYS AT LAKE WINNIPESAUKEE

By Bertha Greene

Winnipesaukee, the largest lake in
New Hampshire, is four hundred and
seventy-two feet above sea level, and
its waters cover an area of about
seventy square miles, being in places
two hundred feet deep; dotted with
islands to the number of three hun-
dred. The broken shore line is
about one hundred and eighty-two
miles around the lake. Eight New
Hampshire towns lie along those
shores; eight mountain peaks are to
be seen from the center of its waters,
Mount Washington, the loftiest peak
of the White Mountain range, being
one of these.

One summer day I sailed over this
lake called "Smile of the Great
Spirit." No fairer sheet of water has
it been my lot to view, from all
points; along the indented shore,
across the broad reaches, or from
the lake side of the attractive towns,
along its banks.

The mountains blend with a deeper hue,
In variable shades to the azure blue.
I drifted and dreamed with half-shut eyes,
Till the sun hung low, in the cloudless skies:

while my mind swung back to the time
when this wild and beautiful mountain
and lake region was inhabited by the
red-man. Long before the pale-face
crossed the Great- Water it was their
fishing-ground for years.

Here it was the Indian, his natural shelter
found :
Here he cut his bow and arrow: carved and
shaped them for the fray,
Brought his squaw and built his wigwam,
Fished and drifted, through the season: till
came winter on its way.

After the advent of the white man,
these waters have carried the dusky
savage in his bark canoe, and reflected
from its surface, skulking bands at
midnight, stealing down tathe settle-
ments toward the south, where from
the inhabitants of those plantations
along the rivers and bays, did the

savage take toll of the people. There
in great numbers did they suffer tor-
ture, captivity, and death. The set-
tlers, living as they did along the
sea-shore, and the banks of its tribu-
tary rivers, were in no position to
contend against an enemy whose
strong-hold was in a wilderness of
danger; but many brave men have
followed them, through its wild and
hidden paths in summer, and when
the wind howled across the lake in
mid-winter, many times their only
means of progress through drifting
winter storms being snow-shoes. The
camp-fires of peace, and of war, have
burned on the surrounding mountain
tops. These old hills have heard the
savage war-cry, borne on the breeze
across the lake, and echoing from hill
to hill.

When the earliest settlers of New
England landed on our wild and rock-
ribbed shores, this region was, in
springtime, the meeting place of a
number of different tribes of Indians.
This lake was the great breeding
ground of the shad fish; it was here
they deposited their eggs, and so they
multiplied, the Indians curing enough
to last the long winter through. They
built weirs, which were young trees
driven into the mud, and interwoven
with grasses and the willow. At the
west side of the lake is the village of
Weirs. It was there a fish weir stood,
built of stone. It is said to have been
there hundreds of years. By whom
built is not known, or how many
races of men it had helped to provide
with fish.

A band of Indians, composed of a
number of different tribes, controlled
these fishing grounds, having as their
chief Passaconaway, who was called
"The Statesman Sagamore." They
united against their mutual enemy,
the Mohawks, in defence of this fishing
ground, being known as the Penacook

346

The Granite Monthly

Nation. In the spring, when the shad
were running, Passaconaway sent for
all the tribes belonging to this nation,
the old chieftain being there in full
trappings. They came, the Agawams
from the south; the Ossipees from
their mountain top, overlooking the
lake on the east; the Androscoggins
from the river region in what is now
Maine; bringing with them their
squaws, medicine-men, prophets, their
paraphernalia of battle, and the
dance. Here the summer through
they lived, and some died.

Here lies a brave chief in his lonely grave,
His death dirge, a chant by the breaking wave,
His cover a coat of the buck-deer skin,
And his weapons of war were put therein.

So this day I idly sailed and drifted,
over one of Nature's beauty spots,
with a feeling that our ancestors,

Even through the work and hardship; with

the fear that they endured,
They lived then as we are living; life and love

with love assured.
For our life is what we make it, children of

the sons of men;
Loving, sighing, laughing, crying, even now as

it was then.

SUNSET ON THE CONNECTICUT

By Edith M. Child

Day's rush and action are over;

The silence of evening falls,
And to our weary spirits

The glory of sunset calls
To the brink of a westerning hillslope,

'Neath which the river flows,
And beyond, the grandeur of mountains,

Flanked by dying day's orange and rose.

Below, calm and deep winds the river;

Scarce a ripple it's surface feels,
And the shadow gloomily deepening

Solemnly farther steals.
The wondrous beauty of sky and water

Enchanted the eye to behold ;
No marvel is it the river

Should it close to her breast enfold.

It seems the mysterious glory

Is more than one's soul can bear,
When into the shadow-edged mirror

Are cast the moon and a star.
Mountain-top o'erhung by the crescent

Met mountain-top and star at its feet,
Both bathing in a pool of opal

As sky-tints the river's length greet.

Too soon does the vision vanish,

Softly sinking into night's mystic shade.
E'en our gaze of awe cannot stay it,

The rich hues reluctantly fade.
O, heart, imprison the beauty —

Let the morrow's tasks lighter seem
For this pageant of the sunset,

This touch of a heavenly gleam.
Hanover, N. H.

NEW HAMPSHIRE NECROLOGY

HON. GEORGE F. TINKER
Hon. George F. Tinker, ex-mayor of New
London, Conn., died at his home in that city,
May 4, 1915.

Mr. Tinker was a native of the town of
Marlow, born February 13, 1834, son of
Nathan and Mary Ann "(Stone) Tinker. He
received an academical education, taught
school for some time, and in 1855 removed
with his father to New London and engaged
with him in the meat business, continuing
the same after his father's death for many
years. He was also extensively engaged in
the manufacture of brooms.

He was a Republican in politics, casting
his first vote for John C. Fremont for presi-
dent. He served several years in each branch
of the New London City government and
was chosen Mayor in 1888. He also served
as a member of the legislature and upon the
commission which erected the new Connecti-
cut State Capitol at Hartford. In religion
he was a Congregationalist, being a prominent
member of the First Church of New London,
and for thirty years superintendent of the
Sunday School. He was deeply interested
in benevolent and charitable work, and is
reputed to have given more for worthy causes,
in proportion to his means, than any other
man in New London. He married Augusta
R. Coombs of Winchester, N. H., who sur-
vives, with one son, Rev. C. Perlev Tinker of
New York, and one daughter, Mrs. C. E.
Stone of St. Paul, Minn.

BENJAMIN F. DUTTON
Benjamin F. Dutton, president and one of
the founders of the well-known Houghton &
Dutton Company, of Boston, died at his
home in Maiden, Mass., June 2, 1915.

Mr. Dutton was born in Hillsborough,
N. H., October 11, 1831, son of Ephraim and
Phebe (Wilson) Dutton. He was educated
in the town schools and at Norwich, Vt., and,
in 1851, opened a commercial school in Alex-
andria, Va., where he was successful for a
time, but was called home by his father's ill
health, and engaged in the "management of
the store in Hillsborough, owned by the latter.
In 1859 he went to Boston with the late
John B. Smith, where they opened a small
wares and millinery jobbing house on Devon-
shire Street. Mr. Smith soon retired to enter
manufacturing, and one Wyman became a
partner in the concern. Subsequently he
had other partners, till, in 1874, he united
with Samuel S. Houghton in the firm of
Houghton & Dutton, whose remarkable suc-
cess in business has had few parallels in the
mercantile history of New England. This
firm is reputed to have been the first in the
country to employ women behind the counter.
Mr. Dutton had a magnificent estate in

Maiden, embracing seventy-five acres, known
as "Glen Rock," which was adorned by every
device of the landscape gardener's art, and
in which he took great pride, as he did in his
large stable of fine horses. He was a Demo-
crat in politics, his first vote being cast for
Franklin Pierce, also a native of Hillsborough,
for president. In religion he was a Congre-
gationalist. He was prominent in Masonry
and a member of De Molay Commandery,
K. T. of Boston.

Mr. Dutton was twice married. His first
wife was Harriet Hatch of Hillsborough, and
his second, who survives him, Harriet M.
Conant. He leaves seven children, two sons
and five daughters. Harry Dutton of Mai-
den is first vice-president, and George C.
Dutton, also of Maiden, is second vice-presi-
dent of Houghton & Dutton Company. The
daughters are Mrs. J. B. Claus of Maiden,
Mrs. B. D. Peaslee, of Hillsborough, N. H.,
Mrs. Alfred Lounsburv of Washington,
D. C, Mrs. Alexander MacGregor of Maiden,
whose husband is treasurer of Houghton &
Dutton Company and Mrs. L. C. Jones of
Falmouth, Mass.

HON. GEORGE H. STOWELL
Hon. George H. Stowell, born in Cornish,
October 28, 1835, died in Claremont, May
19, 1915.

Mr. Stowell was the son of Aniasa and
Betsey (Spaulding) Stowell. He located in
Claremont in early life, where he was long
and successfully engaged in the hardware
business, and later, in manufacturing, and
amassed a handsome fortune. He was also
prominent in public life. A comprehensive
biographical notice of Mr. Stowell appeared
in the November-December number of the
Granite Monthly last year. He married,
December 25, 1857, Sarah G. Field of Chester,
At., who died in 1908, their only daughter
having previously deceased.

Mr. Stowell left the main portion of his
large estate, estimated at about a quarter
of a million dollars, for a hospital in Clare-
mont. though he made several other bequests,
including $10,000 as an endowment for the
Stowell Free Library in Cornish, which he
gave his native town a few years since, and
$5,000 for the Universalist church of Clare-
mont.

COL. ALBERT H. HOYT
Albert Harrison Hoyt, for nearly forty
years past a clerk in the United States Sub-
Treasury at Boston, died of heart failure,
June 10, 1915.

He was a native of Sandwich, N. H., born
December 6, 1826. He was educated at
Wesleyan University, and received the degree
of A. M. from Dartmouth College in 1878. He

348

The Granite Monthly

served as commissioner of Common schools
for Rockingham County in 1S52-3, was
admitted to the bar in 1855, and practised at
Portsmouth from 1857 to 1861, serving as
city solicitor in 1857-9. At the outbreak of
the Civil War he-was appointed a paymaster
in the army, served throughout the contest,
and was brevetted colonel.

In Boston, Colonel Hoyt was for many
years actively connected with the New Eng-
land Historic Genealogical Society. He was
an Episcopalian and a communicant of St.
Paul's Cathedral. He married in 1860 Sarah
F. Green, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, who
died in June, 1893. They had one son, who
died in infancy.

HON. WILLIAM P. CHAMBERLAIN

William Perry Chamberlain, born in Swan-
zey, June 2, 1833, died at his home in Keene,
June 9, 1915.

He was a son of John and Sylvia (Perry)
Chamberlain, and was educated in the public
schools and Keene Academy. In early life
he was deeply interested in. music, and was a
member of a musical company organized by
the famous Ossian E. Dodge, in which he
was first tenor. While with this company
he composed the patriotic song "Hurrah

for Old New England." Later he organized
the Chamberlain Concert Company, which
he managed for several years, but retired
from the musical field in 1861 and engaged
in mercantile business, first in Felchville,
Vt., but removed to Keene in 1869, where he
was in the shoe trade for a time, but later
engaged in the dry goods business, in which
he was very successful. For more than
twenty years past, his son-in-law, Frank
Huntress, has been his partner in a chain of
stores known as the Chamberlain syndicate,
in New Hampshire, Vermont and Massa-
chusetts.

Mr. Chamberlain was a Republican in
politics and active in public life. He served
in the Keene city council, in the legislature
in 1878-9 and in the State Senate in 1885-6.
He was a special railroad commissioner several
years, long president of the trustees of the
Keene public library, a Congregationalist,
and prominent in Masonry.

January 8, 1857, Mr. Chamberlain mar-
ried Harriet Elizabeth Person, who died
August 17, 1895, leaving one daughter, Berdia
Alice, wife of Hon. Frank Huntress of Keene.
Another daughter died in infancy. He was
again married March 16, 1S97, to Ellen M.
At wood, who survives him.

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER'S NOTES

The next important town anniversary cele-
bration to be held in the state, so far as known,
is the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary
celebration of the town of Hopkinton. The
town was incorporated one hundred and fifty
years ago, on the 10th of January, last, but it
was deemed advisable to defer the celebration
till the summer season, with a view to a gen-
eral reunion, on that occasion, of the sons and
daughters of the old town, of whom there are a
goodly number in all parts of the country. It
has, accordingly, been determined to cele-
brate on Sunday and Monday, August 29 and
30, immediately following Old Home Week,
the union religious service occurring on Sun-
day evening, and the celebration proper on
Monday, both services being held at Hopkin-
ton Village. It is understood that the Rev.
Charles E. Harrington, at one time pastor of
the South Congregational Church, Concord,
and now engaged in educational work in the
South, who is a native of the town, will give
the principal address.

have fallen into line and are arranging for
fitting observance of this now widely popular
institution.

Reports thus far received indicate no re-
laxation of interest in Old Home Week,
which occurs this year August 21 to 28 in-
clusive, the third Saturday in August occur-
ring on the first mentioned date. While some
towns holding observances last year will not
do so this, others not heretofore celebrating

The annual summer outing of the New
Hampshire Board of Trade will be held
this year on Thursday, July 29, the town of
Jaffrey, in the grand Monadnock region, being
the objective point, which will be reached,
generally, by auto, from the central, south-
ern and western parts of the state. A public
meeting will be held in the afternoon, which
will be addressed, it is expected, by ex-Public
Service Commissioner Benton, Commissioner
of Agriculture Felker, Senator Hollis and Con-
gressman Wason.

The Governor and Council have ap-
pointed William T. Gunnison of Rochester,
law partner of ex-Governor Felker, a member
of the Public Service Commission, to succeed
John E. Benton of Keene, term expired.
The Governor desired Mr. Benton's reap-
pointment, but the Council refused confirma-
tion Confirmation was also refused in the
case of Edmund Sullivan, of the old license
commission, whom the Governor desired as a
member of the new excise board. Robert
Jackson of Concord was, therefore, named as
the minority member, along with H. W. Keyes
of Haverhill and Frank W. Ordway of Milford.

COMMODORE GEORGE H. PERKINS
As a Young Naval Officer

The Granite Monthly

Vol. XLVII, No. 8

AUGUST, 1915

New Series, Vol. 10, No. 8

HOPKINTON CELEBRATION

The Old Town Observes its One Hundred and Fiftieth

Anniversary

Prominent among the several New
Hampshire towns combining their Old
Home Day observance, this year,
with their one hundred and fiftieth an-
niversary celebration, is the good old
Merrimack County town of Hopkin-
ton, once the rival of Concord in bus-
iness importance, as well as in the
candidacy for the location of the
state capital, in which latter it might
have been successful, as is reputed,
had one of its own citizens been faith-
ful to its interests. However, it
remains a goodly town; is peopled by
loyal, enterprising citizens, all the
year round, and is the summer home
of many more who find, in its healthy
atmosphere and amid its beautiful
scenery, an ideal vacation resort.

Hopkinton was originally granted
by the provincial legislature of Massa-
chusetts, January 16, 1735, being
Number 5 in a "line of towns" laid
out between the Merrimack and
Connecticut rivers. The proprietors
were mostly citizens of Hopkinton,
Mass., and the grant was subsequently
called "New Hopkinton," till its
incorporation by the legislature of
New Hampshire, January 11, 1765, as
Hopkinton. Just when or by whom
the first settlement was made is not
definitely determinable, but tradition
has it that one Joseph Potter was the
first actual settler, locating here early
in 1737. The first meeting of the
proprietors, held in the township,
occurred October 19, 1738, at the
house of Henry Mellen, Joseph
Haven being moderator, and Henry

Mellen, clerk, who was also made
chairman of a committee to lay out
highways, among those ordered being-
one from Rumford (Concord) line to
the "meeting house spot" (no church
had been built, but a site had been
located) and another to the Contoo-
cook river, "on the west side of the
meeting-house hill."

The settlement proceeded with
reasonable rapidity, so that, in less
than forty years, in 1775, there were
1,085 inhabitants in the town, most "
of whom were, of course, engaged in
agriculture, though in later years the
excellent water-power at Contoocook
and West Hopkinton was developed,
and various manufacturing enter-
prises engaged in, especially after the
advent of the railroad, in 1850.

Hopkinton has, in fact, always been
regarded as one of the best agricul-
tural towns in the state. The soil is
generally strong and productive, and
though the surface is uneven, most of
the land is susceptible of cultivation..
Some of the most successful and best
known farmers of the state have been
Hopkinton men, the late Joseph
Barnard and James M. Connor being-
notable examples. Stock-breeding,
dairying and fruit-growing have been
leading specialties, and the two latter
are yet extensively pursued. George
M. Putnam's "Mt. Putney Dairy,"
for instance, has a wide reputation,
and Robert T. Gould, of "Gould Hill
Farm," although not confined to that
branch, has been especially successful
as a fruit-grower. Mr. Gould, by the

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The Granite Monthly

way, is a descendant, in the fifth gen-
eration, from Joseph Gould of Hop-
kinton, Mass., one of the original pro-
prietors, whose five sons settled in this
town. Of these Gideon, the eldest,
settled on Beech Hill. Among his
descendants are Alfred J. Gould of
Newport, and the editor of the Gran-
ite Monthly. Moses located on
Gould Hill, and from him Robert T.
descended, through Moses, Jr., and
Captain Charles. Frank Cressy, presi-
dent of the Concord Board of Trade is
also a descendant of Moses; while

Mention of Daniel Webster sug-
gests the fact that many lawyers of
prominence have been Hopkinton
men. The town was once included in
Hillsborough County, and was for
many years a shire town jointly with
Amherst, which made it a desirable
location for members of the legal pro-
fession. Baruch Chase, John Harris,
Matthew Harvey and Horace Chase,
all eminent in their profession, were
Hopkinton lawyers, though none of
them natives of the town. John
Harris was much in public life; was

Early Home of Grace Fletcher

Edna Dean Proctor, the poetess, is a
great-granddaughter of Elias, another
of the Gould brothers.

No church was erected in Hopkin-
ton till 1766, although the first min-
ister, Rev. James Scales, was settled
in 1757. Rev. Elijah Fletcher, father
of Grace Fletcher who was the wife of
Daniel Webster, was the minister from
1773 till 1786. The house in which he
dwelt, and in which his daughter was
born (January 16, 1782), is still stand-
ing, but the old church, which was
standing in a dilapidated condition a
few years since, has disappeared.

solicitor for Hillsborough County,
Judge of Probate for both Hills-
borough and Merrimack, and an
Associate Justice of the Supreme
Court of New Hampshire. Matthew
Harvey, a native of Sutton, who spent
most of his professional life in Hop-
kinton, was a Representative in Con-
gress, governor of the state, and Judge
of the United States District Court.
Horace Chase, a native of Unity, who
studied with Matthew Harvey, and
practiced in Hopkinton many years,
held many town offices, and was
Judge of Probate many years, and

Hopkinton Celebration

351

compiled and published the Probate
Directory. He was particularly ac-
tive and eminent in Free Masonry.
Hamilton E. Perkins, though exten-
sively engaged in other business, was
an able lawyer in practice for several
years, but was finally made Judge of
Probate and removed to Concord, as
did Judges Harvey and Chase. Most
prominent among the later lawyers
of the town, was Herman W. Greene,
a native of Hopkinton, son of Her-
man H. Green, who practiced for
some years in Boston, but finally

and Concord, was Judge of Probate
for Merrimack County and postmas-
ter of Concord; Clinton W. Stanley of
Manchester, long eminent in practice
and an Associate Justice of the
Supreme Court, Alpheus R. Brown,
long a distinguished member of the
Massachusetts bar, residing in Lowell
and Somerville, and Moses T. Clough
of Troy, N. Y.

Many prominent clergymen have
been born in Hopkinton, perhaps the
most distinguished having been the
Rt. Rev. Carlton Chase, long bishop

House Built by Gideon Gould Before the Revolution, on Beech Hill

located in his native town. He served
in the legislature, was for five years
solicitor of Merrimack county, and
held various town offices. He was a
vigorous speaker, and often heard on
the stump. He was twice married,
his first wife being Frances Adaline
Willard, who died leaving one son —
Willard T. Subsequently he mar-
ried Anstis Irene Clark, by whom he
is survived, his death occurring March
1, 1896.

Among lawyers born in Hopkinton
and practicing elsewhere, were War-
ren Clark, who practiced in Henniker

of the Episcopal diocese of New
Hampshire, born January 20, 1794,
son of Charles and Sarah (Currier)
Chase. Others of distinction include
Rev. Franklin W. Fisk, an eminent
Clergyman and instructor, who be-
came president of the Chicago Theo-
logical Seminary, in 1887; Rev. Horace
F. Brown, at one time president of the
New Hampshire Conference of Bap-
tist Ministers; Rev. Clarion H. Kim-
ball, and Rev. Charles E. Harrington,
D. D., the historian of the day for
the one hundred and fiftieth anni-
versary celebration.

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The Granite Monthly

Hopkinton's first physician was
John Clement who located on Putney's
Hill, and gained a wide practice and
much popularity. He was followed
by a line of worthy successors, too
numerous to mention, the oldest
resident physician now being Dr.
George C. Blaisdell of Contoocook.
Many sons of Hopkinton abroad, have
been or are engaged in the medical
profession, the most noted of all,
perhaps, having been the late Dr.
Charles P. Gage, long a leading phy-
sician of Concord.

Hopkinton has always ranked high
from an educational point of view.
It was in Hopkinton Village that

patronage, but was finally succeeded
by a town high school, located in that
village.

Hopkinton has had its full share
of influence in public affairs, and
been creditably represented in all
branches of the state government.
It has had but one governor — Mat-
thew Harvey — but another came of
Hopkinton stock, Anthony Colby of
New London, whose grandfather, of
the same name,, was one of the early
settlers of the town. It has had
several representatives in the Execu-
tive Council, three at least serving
inside of a single quarter of a century —
Edward D. Burnham, Grosvernor A.

View of Kearsarge Mountain from Gould Hill

Master John 0. Ballard kept his
famous private school, at which a
large number of men who afterward
became successful in life received in-
struction, the school continuing for
some thirty years from 1816. Hop-
kinton Academy, established in 1827,
continued for nearly half a century
with varying degrees of success, and
ranked at one time among the best
secondary schools in the state, having
more than one hundred and fifty
pupils. The late Prof. Dyer H.
Sanborn, one of the most famous
educators of the state, was its princi-
pal for a number of years. In 1856
an academy was established in the
village of Contoocook, and had for a
number of years, a very considerable

Curtice and Walter S. Davis; while
no less than ten of its citizens have
served in the State Senate — Joshua
Bailey, Thomas W. Colby, Matthew
Harvey, Bodwell Emerson, Nathaniel
Knowlton, Abram Brown, John Burn-
ham, Walter L. Davis, Arthur J.
Boutwell, and William A. Danforth,
the present incumbent. Its repre-
sentation in the House of Represen-
tatives has generally been able and
at times most influential, especially in
the earlier days. Matthew Harvey
was Speaker of that body in 1818-20.
Accustomed to the bearing and
use of arms during the early years of
the settlement, of necessity, for de-
fence against the savages who made
several attacks upon them before the

Hopkinton Celebration

353

Revolution, killing some and taking
others captive, the men of Hopkinton
have done more than their full part
in every emergency when military
service has been required by the
country. Twenty-seven Hopkinton
soldiers fought at Bunker Hill, and
more than a hundred, altogether, were
actively in the service, at one time or
another, during the Revolution. The
patriotism of the town was fully
demonstrated by the fact that 161
of its male citizens over 21 years of
age were signers of the famous " Asso-

Commodore Perkins

The most distinguished son of Hop-
kinton unquestionably, was that gal-
lant officer of the United States Navy,
Commodore George Hamilton Per-
kins, son of Judge Hamilton Eliot
and Clara Bartlett (George) Perkins,
born October 20, 1836. His father
was a native of Hopkinton, a promi-
nent lawyer and man of affairs, resid-
ing many years at Contoocook where
he had a fine old homestead and one
of the best farms in the county.

Young George H. received his pre-

Birthplace of Commodore George H. Perkins, Contoocook

ciation Test." Few towns in the
state had as many men enrolled in the
service in the War of 1812, as did
Hopkinton, and the response to the
call for defenders of the Union, in
1861-5, was no less hearty and spon-
taneous. It may properly be said,
moreover, that no two New Hamp-
shire men rendered more signal and
efficient service in the Civil War
than those distinguished sons of
Hopkinton, Brigadier General Joab
N. Patterson and Commodore George
H. Perkins, in the military and naval
forces of the republic respectively.

liminary education in the Hopkinton
and Gilmanton Academies, and under
a private tutor, till his entrance to the
United States Naval Academy at An-
napolis, in October, 1851, to which he
had been given an appointment,
through Congressman Charles H.
Peaslee, and from which he graduated
in 1856.

After several brief periods of serv-
ice on different vessels and various
expeditions to the Isthmus of Panama,
the Newfoundland fishing fields, the
Mediterranean, and South America,
he was, in 1858, appointed acting

354

The Granite Monthly

master and served an the Sabine at
Montevideo, and on the Sumter on a
cruise on the African coast. He was
promoted master, September 5, 1859,
and lieutenant February 2, 1861, and
ordered to the Cayuga, on which he
was second in command. This vessel
was made the flag ship, and Lieuten-
ant Perkins, as pilot, led the first
division of gunboats in the famous
passage of Forts Jackson and St.
Philip, April 24, 1862, the Cayuga
receiving the first fire, passing under
the walls of Fort St. Philip and sink-
ing the Confederate steamer, Gover-

ordered north, but voluntarily as-
sumed command of the monitor,
Chickasaw, in the battle of Mobile
Bay, where he captured the Con-
federate armored ram, Tennessee,
and was largely instrumental in the
reduction of Forts Powell, Gaines and
Morgan. He was superintendent of
ironclads at New Orleans, in 1865-6;
executive officer of the Lackawanna,
in the Pacific, 1866-9 and in the
ordnance department at the Boston
Navy yard, 1869-71. He was pro-
moted commander, January 19, 1871,
and was assigned to the command of

Street View in Contoocook

nor Moore, and the ram, Manassas.
On the following morning it led the
fleet up the river and received the
surrender of New Orleans, Captain
Bailey and Lieutenant Perkins walk-
ing alone and unattended to the city
hall. He was executive officer of the
Cayuga from October, 1862 to June,
1863, having been promoted lieuten-
ant commander December 31, 1862.
In June and July, 1863, he com-
manded the gunboat New London, on
the Mississippi, and ran the batteries
at Port Hudson five times. He as-
sisted in the blockade of Sabine Pass,
and was in blockade duty on the
Scioto off the coast of Texas from
July, 1863 to April, 1864, when he was

the store-ship Relief, conveying con-
tributions to the French. Subse-
quently he was on duty at Boston as
ordnance officer and lighthouse in-
spector. He commanded the Ashuelot
of the Asiatic squadron 1879-81;
commanded the torpedo station at
Newport, R. I., in 1882, March 10,
of which year, he was promoted cap-
tain. He commanded the Hartford of
the Pacific station, 1885-86. He was
placed on the retired list October I,
1891 ; and was promoted commodore
on the retired list, May 9, 1896, for
distinguished services during the re-
bellion. He married, September 12,
1870, Anna Minot Weld, daughter of
William F. Weld of Boston. He died

Hopkinton Celebration

355

in Boston, October 28, 1899, leaving
a daughter, Isabel Weld — now Mrs.
Larz Anderson of Brookline, Mass.

Commodore Perkins was a loyal
son of New Hampshire, and spent no
little time, in his later years, within
its borders, having developed a beau-
tiful country estate in the town of
Webster, not far from his birthplace,
where the breeding of fine horses, for
which he had a fondness, was a special
diversion.

An heroic statue of the Coramo-

Hampshire villages. Its wide and
splendidly shaded Main street and
fine old nouses are the admiration of
all who pass that way. There were
many spacious and substantial resi-
dences built in town, outside the vil-
lage, many of which are now occupied
as summer homes by former residents
or other people, while elegant modern
homes have been erected by others,
who have found the town a most
desirable vacation resort. Of the
latter class is the fine summer home

Baptist Episcopal

Hopkinton Village Churches

Congregationalist

dore, a gift to the state, from his
daughter, stands at the west front of
the State House in Concord.

Hopkinton Village, where, as has
been mentioned, but for the defection
of one of the town's own leading citi-
zens, the permanent capital of the
state might have been established,
was not only a place of considerable
commercial importance a century
ago, and later, but remains to the
present time one of the most beautiful
and attractive of our old-time New

erected in the village a quarter of a
century ago by Horace Gair Chase, a
son of Judge Horace Chase, long a
successful business man of Chicago,
who died a year or two ago, and which
is still held by the family. Louis M.
Grant, a Chicago lawyer, son-in-law
of Mr. Chase, has also recently built,
on Gould's Hill, commanding a mag-
nificent view, one of the finest and
most substantial summer homes in
the state. Many people who have
no homes of their own in the town,
come here for their vacations, never-

356

The Granite Monthly

theless, and are well cared for by
those who find the business of enter-
taining them both pleasant and prof-
itable. The "Mount Lookout
House," on the slope of Putney's
Hill is the best known of several re-
sorts patronized by this class.

At the annual town meeting last
March, the citizens of Hopkinton
initiated a movement for a fitting
celebration of the one hundred and
fiftieth anniversary of the incorpora-
tion of the town. On motion of Mr.

day. Various sub-committees were
named to carry out the details of the
work, the full list of committees being
as follows :

General Committee

Frank I. Morrill, Chairman,

Horace J. Davis,

Willard T. Greene,

George M. Putnam,

J. Arthur Jones.

Religious Observance. — Rev.
Lucian Kimball, Rev. F. M. Buker,
Rev. E. T. Gough, Rev. C. L.

View in Hopkinton Village

Frank I. Morrill it was voted that
such celebration be held, and the
sum of $500 was appropriated to
meet the expenses of the same. A
General Committee was appointed to
take full charge of the matter, fix the
time and place and make the neces-
sary arrangements. This committee,
after due consideration, determined
upon Sunday and Monday, August
29 and 30, as the days for the celebra-
tion, the same to be held at Hopkin-
ton Village, appropriate religious exer-
cises being held on Sunday, and the
anniversary exercises proper on Mon-

Snow, George Lord, Mrs. Delia A.
Bonahan.

Invitations. — C. C. Davis, Dr.
Dodge, James O. Straw, Orren Fuller,
Miss Carrie Carr, Joseph Clough,
Mrs. Warren Barton, Robert T.
Gould, Eben F. Dustin, Miss Rhoda
F. Barnard, Mrs. Chas. Holmes, Geo.
E. Barnard, Edward G. Runnells,
Henry H. Crowell, Mary Flanders,
Elbridge G. Kimball, Mrs. Herman W.
Greene, Miss Ellen Colby, Mrs. Alice
Young, Miss L. A. C. Stanwood, Mrs.
Carlos G. Hawthorn, Henry D. Dustin.

Reception. — Dr. Arthur W. Good-

Hopkinton Celebration

357

speed, Gen. William M. Graham, Sr.,
Mrs. Robert Kimball, Dr. George C.
Blaisdell, Mrs. Mary Clark Darrach,
Miss Ellen C. Roberts, Arthur C.
Huntoon.

Refreshments. — Franklin P. John-
son, Arthur Colby, Joseph Derry,
Mrs. Margaret Kimball, Mrs. Henry
Eaton, Mrs. Mary E. Gueren, Mrs.
Noyes Johnson, Parker Flanders.

Music— Mrs. W. T. Green, Mrs.
Dexter Ladd, Mrs. Vira C. Derry,
Mrs. Geo. Barnard, Mrs. W. N.
Davis, Mrs. Geo. Butman, Miss
Gladys L. Davis, Mrs. Chas. Dalby,
Mrs. D. F. Fisk, Mrs. Jessie Johnson.

Grounds. — Eugene Dunbar, Chas.
A. Mills, Walter F. Hoyt, Marl D.
Chase, Frank F. Hoyt, Lerman R.
Mills, Frank C. Mills, Ira Putney.

Decorations. — Herbert J. French,
William A. Baker, Will C. Russ, Mrs.
Kate P. Kimball, Frank L. Flanders,
Mrs. Chas. C. Weston, Mrs. Mary
Clark Darrach, Mrs. Chas. Kimball,
Mrs. C. L. Snow, Leon Kelley, Joseph
Tilton.

Sports. — Samuel Chase, Chas.
Preston, Frank H. Reed, Arthur C.
Call, Benj. C. Wescott, Byron K.

MhiM^^^^

Photo by Harold M. Render

First Parsonage in Hopkinton

On Putney Hill. Taken in 1896

Symonds, Joseph A. Wiggen, Roy
Kimball, Arthur E. Dunbar, Nathan-
iel A. Davis, Wallace H. Tarbell,
M.D.,Harley Boutwell,Roy Emerson.

Advertising. — Arthur G. Symonds,
Herbert W. Kimball, Arthur J. Bout-
well, Henry Eaton, Richard B.
Clough, John C. Burnham, Chas. R.
Putnam.

Fire Works and Salute. — Lewis

Bishop Carlton Chase

A. Nelson, Hugh T. Skelley, Chas. C.
Kimball, E. R. Gueren, John F. Carr.

Grand Army. — Frank J. Mudgett,
Geo. M. Barnard, Lewis H. Dearborn,
H. H. Crowell, Woodbury Hardy.

Parade. — Joseph Derry, Jack Put-
ney, Herbert French, Arthur C.
Huntoon, Thomas E. Davis, Dr.
Wallace Tarbell, Harry Dimon,
Paul Coolidge.

The various committees soon got
at their work and, under the capable
and energetic direction of Chairman
Morrill of the General Committee,
had the plans perfected and all details
arranged in due season.

Religious Observance

The religious exercises on Sunday
were held in the Congregational
Church, opening at 10.45 a. m., the
programme, as arranged, being as
follows :

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The Granite Monthly

Bridge at Contoocook

DOXOLOGY

INVOCATION

ANTHEM
United Church Choirs

SCRIPTURE READING

ANTHEM

PRAYER

Rev. Mr. Spiers, formerly of Hopkinton,

now of Virginia

HYMN

ADDRESS

Rev. Lucian Kimball

THE CHURCH IN THE TOWN

Pait, Rev. Mr. Kimball

Present, Rev. F. M. Baker

Future, Rev. E. T. Gough

HYMN

BENEDICTION

The anniversary programme, for
Monday, August 30, was arranged as
follows:

Salute at sunrise, on Mt. Putney,
near the Mt. Putney Garrison, 150
guns.

Civic Parade, Dr. Wallace Tarbell,
Marshal; Hopkinton Band, 10 a. m.

Sports.

Historical Exercises, in front of
Town Hall, 1 p. m.

Introductory Address, Chairman,
Frank I. Morrill.

Prayer, Rev. E. T. Gough, pastor
M. E. Church, Contoocook.

Historical Address, Rev. Charles
E. Harrington, D. D., Holliston, Mass.

Music, Hopkinton Band.

Short addresses by other speakers,
including Judge Charles R. Corning,
Levin J. Chase, and H. H. Metcalf,
of Concord, and George Ira Tarr of
Rockport, Mass.

Music, Band.

Continuation of sports at Chase's
Field.

A concert by Nevers' full band of
Concord was scheduled for the even-
ing, with fireworks in Hopkinton
Square, the concluding music being —

"Long may our land be bright
With Freedom's holy light."

New Jerusalem Church, Contoocook

Following is the Historical Address
by Rev. Charles E. Harrington, D. D. :

Hopkinton Celebration

359

HISTORICAL ADDRESS

One hundred and fifty years takes us half-
way back to the landing of the Pilgrim
Fathers at Plymouth. One hundred and
fifty years beyond that would bring us to
the discovery of America by Christopher
Columbus. Such a discovery could but stir
the sum of life throughout the whole of Chris-
tendom. On the one hand avarice and greed;
and on the other ambition and a desire to
extend the Kingdom of God would be aroused.
Men of action and the spirit of adventure,
with such virgin soil challenging their cour-
age, would be eager to found new families,
and acquire landed estates; to explore new
wildernesses and subdue them; to establish
new states and govern them.

But who owned this new land? Perhaps
the Chinese, whose ancestors were driven
across the Pacific by the storms that swept
it. Perhaps the Asiatics who crossed the
narrow waters of Behring's Strait in search
of adventure. Who knows?

The people found in the new world by the
white men were copper colored, long, coarse,
blackhaired men and women, with high
cheek bones, square forehead, deep-set,
shining eyes, thick lips and broad nose —
"whose Doctor was Death and whose hospi-
tal was the grave." These they called
Indians.

If occupancy gives title, then were these
Indians owners of the new world, for they
possessed the continent from the Arctic seas
to the Strait of Magellan. Possibly, too,
this continent belonged to the Indian by
conquest, for in various of its parts, from the
Great Lakes to the gulf, the white man found
extensive earth works evidently thrown up
for defence. It is clear that before the Pil-
grim Fathers came here in the Mayflower or
Columbus touched our shores, the continent
had been the home of people who "built
cities, spun and wove cotton, worked in gold,
silver and copper mines, labored in fields and
organized governments. " And yet the white
men paid little heed to titles which had been
acquired by conquest and confirmed by pos-
session. They claimed title because their
subjects had visited the new shores and
taken possession in their sovereign's name.
They claimed the coast and "all the land
that lay behind it even to the Pacific sea."
With a title no better supported, King James

of England gave away territories ten times
as large as his own little realm at home, and
drew charters which extended from "sea to
sea and from the river to the ends of the
earth." Any one who has studied the early
history of New Hampshire knows that it is
more difficult to follow the line of grants or
patents issued to the first settlers than to find
one's way through an Egyptian maze or to
solve a Chinese puzzle. He must give up
all hope of being consistent, and head off a
line here and take up another somewhere
else, content if he come out somewhere,
having made a kind of progress.

Methodist Church, Contoocook

Professor Sanborn says: "A belt extending
from Cape Fear on the coast of North Caro-
lina to Halifax was set apart by James I in
1606 to be colonized by two rival companies. "
This territory was divided into two nearly
equal parts: one called North Virginia, ex-
tending from the forty-first to the forty-
fifth degree of north latitude; the other
extending from the thirty-fourth to the
thirty-eighth degree north latitude, called
South Virginia. The former of these was
granted to a company of knights, gentlemen
and merchants from the West of England,
called the Plymouth Company; the southern
part was granted to "noble men, gentlemen

360

The Granite Monthly

and merchants" called the London Com-
pany. But the King himself claimed that
he alone was the real sovereign of these im-
mense territories. He was also a sort of
feudal lord because he expected from the
inhabitants homage and rent, thus granting
lands to which he had no title and exacting
rents to which he had no real claim.

Later, in November 1620, the Plymouth
Colony received a new charter granting all

territory between the Merrimack and the
Kennebec Rivers with all the islands within
three miles of the coast. Subsequently,
Gorges and Mason divided their grant:
Gorges taking the unoccupied lands east of
the Piscataqua River, which he called Maine;
and Mason holding the rest of the territory,
together with what he had obtained by a
new patent from the council of Plymouth,
which he named New Hampshire in honor

Frank I. Morrill

Chairman General Committee

lands between the fortieth and the forty-
eighth degree of north latitude, from the
latitude of Philadelphia to the St. Lawrence
river and "from sea to sea. " And this terri-
tory was called "the New England of
America."

In 1622, Ferdinando Gorges, a man of
superior intellect and dauntless courage, and
John Mason, at one time governor of New-
foundland, a man of enterprise and zeal,
obtained by grant from King James, the

of Hampshire in England which had been
his home.

These two men had experiences which are
common to pioneers. Their hopes came
and went; they brightened and faded. It
would take us too far afield to follow them
through their alternations of sunshine and
shade. But as we have seen the "New Eng-
land of America" carved out of the continent
and the colonies of Maine and New Hamp-
shire cut out of New England, we shall next

Hopkinton Celebration

361

see the colonies divided into townsh'ps.
Several of these were first numbered, then
named. For example the town of Warner
was first called Number 1; and the town of
Henniker, Number 6.

The Mason claim was maintained from
1622 to 1691, when it passed by purchase
into the hands of one named Samuel Allen.
Nearly fifty years after this, one of the lineal
descendants of Mason, John Tufton Mason,
by name, set up a claim to his ancestor's
estate and successfully defended this claim,
and in 1746 sold out to twelve leading men
of Portsmouth for £1500.

In 1715 a township was incorporated in
the Province of Massachusetts which was

this may have been one of the reasons why
the people from that town chose this as a
place of settlement. On one of these hills,
called Saddle Hill, was the birth-place in
1747 of Daniel Shay, leader of what is known
as Shay's rebellion. The founders of our
Republic had declared in 1776 that whenever
any form of government becomes destructive
of the inalienable rights of men, "it is the
right of the people to alter or even abolish
that government and to institute a new
government" to secure these rights. The
colonists carried on a great war for seven
years to defend this proposition, and they
had carried on that war successfully, but
when peace was declared, and the colonists

Dam at Contoocook

called Hopkinton in honor of Edward Hop-
kins, one of the early governors of Connecti-
cut. This town is situated on the highest
land between Boston and Wachusett Moun-
tain. It was from this township that the
town whose anniversary we celebrate today
was named. That we may the better appre-
ciate the character of the men from whose
loins so many of the early settlers of our
Hopkinton sprang, I devote some time to the
history of that township.

If you go there today, the people will give
you a cordial welcome, and point out to you
their places of interest. You will find the
surface of the town diversified with hills and
valleys much as our town's surface is, and

undertook to organize such a new govern-
ment, they found they had no easy task on
hand. How to make the national govern-
ment strong and yet preserve the independ-
ence or the rights of the several states, did
not readily appear and the consequence was
that one day they would have one nation
with thirteen states and the next day they
would have thirteen independent states and
no nation. Moreover, jealousies existed
between the several states.

A heavy debt had been incurred by the
war for independence, and there was no
money with which to pay this debt. Con-
gress had no power to levy taxes. It could
only ask and urge the people to pay; but

Frank I. Morrill, chairman of the General Committee of the anniversary celebration, to whose energetic direc-
tion its success is largely due, was born in Hopkinton, November 30, 1848, the son of George W. and Laura Ann
(Bacon) Morrill. He was educated in the public schools, Contoocook Academy, New Hampton Institution, and
the Boston University Law School, graduating B. L. in 1873. He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1874,
and practiced his profession in Boston for twelve years, when he removed to his old home in Contoocook where he
has since resided. He is a Republican in politics, has served as moderator and supervisor; was a representative in
1893; has been twenty years a trustee of the Hopkinton Free Public Library, and was postmaster under the admin-
istration of President Taft.

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The Granite Monthly

they were too jealous of Congress to heed the
request. In New England large bodies of
men assembled, refusing to pay their taxes,
and even threatening to overthrow the new
government. Moreover, the government
was accused of extravagance, and growing
more so; court expenses increased; lawyers
fees enlarged ; and the salaries of the governor

did not succeed. And yet, as Brown, no
doubt, hastened the coming of freedom by his
rash act, so Shay probably helped to bring
about relief from the oppressions of which he
and so many of his fellow-countrymen com-
plained, by his rebellion. The people of Hop-
kinton, Massachusetts, will also point out to
you the place where John Young, father of far-

Rev. Charles E. Harrington, D. D.

Historian of the Day

and other state officials added to the burdens
which the people were carrying. Some one
said that "the allegations multiplied and the
allegators became more and more violent."
And the famous Daniel Shay, resident of
Hopkinton, seeing no hope in the courts, tried
to stop the abuses by force, as John Brown,
the abolitionist and hero of Ossawattomie
tried to free the slaves of this nation at Har-
per's Ferry in 1859. But, like Brown, Shay

famed Brigham Young, the apostle of Mor-
monism, was born. Here, too, were the
country homes of Sir Harry Frankland and his
friend, Commissioner Price, to which Sir Harry
brought the fair and fascinating Agnes
Surriage who figured as a real heroine in
saving the life of her lover, who was buried
under the ruins of a church destroyed by the
great earthquake of Lisbon in 1775. And
with a sort of pride the people of old Hopkin-

Hopkinton Celebration

363

ton will take you to see the house which
once stood on the common, as a school-
house, from one of whose windows "the
large boys," according to a custom some-
what common in those days, dropped their
teacher into a snowbank, the teacher who
afterward became famous as a preacher,
Henry Ward Beecher. On this same com-
mon, the noted evangelist, George White-
field, once preached.

The town is beautiful for situation, and
for many years furnished interesting subjects
for poets, artists and novelists. It was the
scene of many of the incidents of Harriet
Beecher Stowe's "Old Town Folks," and its
famous Frankland Hall, the wealth and
beauty of its natural advantages, its fame as
a health resort, brought hosts of people here
on annual pilgrimages, and made it the scene
of many a rout and revel and the gathering
of brave men and women.

The people of that town were preeminently
patriotic from the very beginning. For the
West Indian expedition of 1741, eleven men
and one boy marched away, not like the
storied men who "marched up the hill and
then marched down again," but like the brave
six hundred immortalized in Tennyson's
poem, "The Charge of the Light Brigade,"
eleven men and one boy marched away — and
all but one man and the boy marched into
the jaws of death. Twenty-six men were in
the rank and file of the war of 1744. In the
French and Indian wars of 1754-1763, large
numbers served with distinction; from 1775
to the battle of Lexington and Concord, three
companies "armed and equipped as the law
requires" were kept up to the fighting point,
and when Paul Revere made his renowned
midnight ride, these men true and trained
marched away to meet the emergency. In
1776, when the voters put on record their
position respecting the mother country, they
declared themselves unanimously "independ-
ent of the Kingdom of Great Britain." In
1812 the town furnished its full quota to

fight against England; in 1861-5 it sent 425
soldiers or sixteen more than its quota to
fight for "liberty and union." So, from the
days of Indian troubles to the last war of the
Republic, its record for patriotism has not
been surpassed by that of any town in the
state or in the country.

Standing on the highest point in the town,
in the center of the village, and looking around,
one sees numerous towns and villages and
many church spires, while the view eastward
stretches away to the Blue Hills of Milton

Hon. Abram Brown

and over and beyond them to the gleaming
waters of Massachusetts Bay.

From this town have gone forth to that
top where Webster said there was "plenty of
room," manufacturers, merchants and bank-
ers who have been a credit to their town,
men who have taken conspicuous places in
the various professions, and served their
town and state and nation with honor and
distinction. We may well point with satis-

Rev. Charles E. Harrington, D. D., Historian of the day, though a native of Concord, born October 5, 1846,
son of Moses B. and Betsey P. (Moores) Harrington, removed with his parents to Hopkinton in early childhood,
where he was reared and educated in the public schools, and at Hopkinton and New London Academies. He
engaged for some time in teaching and was principal of the Farmington and Littleton High Schools. Subsequently
he decided to enter the Congregational ministry, pursued his studies at the Bangor Theological Seminary, and had
his first pastorate at Lancaster, 1874 to 1878. From 1878 to 1882 he was pastor of the South Congregational
Church in Concord. From 1882 to 1885 he preached in Dubuque, Iowa, and at Keene, N. H., for a number of
ye*ars following. He has since held several pastorates outside the state, his last service being at St. Petersburg,
Fla. He served for a time in the Civil War, in the 18th N. H. Regiment, being mustered out as a sergeant, June
13, 1865. While in Concord he was for years chaplain in the N. H. N. G. He received the honorary degree of
A. M. from Dartmouth College in 1878, and that of D. D. from Iowa College in 1889.

364

The Granite Monthly

faction and pride to the hills of Massachu-
setts from whence has come our strength.

The Great and General Court for His Maj-
esty's Province of Massachusetts Bay as-
sembling in May, 1735, and continuing until
December 31, received a report from a com-
mittee of both houses, on certain petitions for
townships on a proposed line between the
Merrimack and Connecticut rivers. Novem-
ber 24, 1736, it was voted by this court that
" John Jones, Esq., of Hopkinton, Mass., be
fully authorized and impowered to assemble
and convene the grantees of township Num-

town, Putney's Hill. Other hills of lower
elevation or sections of these higher places
were named Brier, Emerson's, Gages, Kast,
Rowell and Sugar Hills. Those early settlers
found a fair-sized river flowing through the
western and along the northern part of their
township to which was given the Indian
name Contoocook, into which flowed the
water from many brooks. The hills and
valleys were covered with forests of both
hard and soft wood, many trees being of
stately height and great proportions. Bears,
wolves, lynxes, wildcats and panthers roamed

Summer Residence of H. G. Chase, Hopkinton Village

ber Five" — our Hopkinton — to chose a mod-
erator, a clerk and a committee to allot and
divide their land.

The said John Jones issued a call in due
form and without delay. The proprietors
obeyed the call and transacted the necessary
business. And thus were taken the first
steps for the legal settlement of the town
whose anniversary we are observing. When
those settlers came to their new home they
found a surface diversified like that of the
town from which they had emigrated. On
the east was a hill which was named Beech
Hill; in the southeast, Dimond's Hill; in the
south, Hoyt's Hill, and near the centre of the

these forests unharmed and unmolested while
moose and 'deer furnished meat for the set-
tlers' tables. Birds built their nests and sang
in the branches of the trees. These were
divided into the predaceous birds, like the
eagle, hawk, owl and crow, and the harmless.
Wild turkey, pigeon and grouse, contributed
to the luxuries of the table. The streams
swarmed with fish. Pike, perch and trout
were taken in great numbers; sturgeon were
abundant, and, especially in the spawning
season, salmon and shad were very plentiful.
Snakes and other kinds of reptiles were numer-
ous, the only venomous kind being the rattler.
No doubt this was more frequently spoken

Hopkinton Celebration

365

about than seen and yet, on the 29th of May,
17-10, twentj'-five years before the town was
incorporated, it was voted to pay eight shil-
lings per day to those who spent their time
killing such snakes in town.

We commonly think of the greatest perils
of the early settlers of New England as arising
from the Indians, and many of them were
from this source, as any trustworthy history
of the development of the English Colonies
will show. But the Indians were by no means
the only people against whom the Colonists
were obliged to protect themselves. The
Indians whom the Pilgrims first met were
friendly. The first word the white man at
Plymouth heard the red man say was, "Wel-
come!" It was the salutation of Samoset in
the name of Massasoit, his chief. And the
treaty of peace then signed lasted fifty years.
It was not until Massasoit died that trouble
broke out with the Indians, and the white

<^A0&Z#:c^ ^/fa^e)

man fortified his house with palisades, carried
his gun with him when he went to the field
to work, and when he went to the meeting-
house to worship.

It was the Frenchman who disturbed the

peace of the English at about the time of the
settlement of New Hampshire. But the
French were the allies of the Indians, and so,
against the red man, the early settlers of Num-
ber five built three garrisons. The first of

<&CW44£&y y*i<A4, /$#■,

these was called Kimball's garrison on the
main road from Hopkinton to Concord, near
the Jewett Road; the second, on Putney's
hill, and the third Woodwell's, half a mile
east of Contoocook. And yet the Indians
made incursions into the land of the white
men, killing some, carrying others into cap-
tivity and terrifying all. .

In 1763 the treaty of Paris was signed, and
peace and safety were for a time assured.
Two years after this, steps were taken to
incorporate the new town, for which the
Governor and the King's Council had been
petitioned. For some time previous to this,
the town of Bow had claimed a section of
Number five situated in the southeast part
of the township. On account of this claim
there arose a long-continued controversy.
But when authority was given to incorporate
the town, now named New Hopkinton from
Hopkinton, Massachusetts, as the colony
was called New Hampshire from Hampshire

366

The Granite Monthly

"The Homestead," Residence of the late John Shackford Kimball

in old England, it was enacted by the Gov-
ernor, Council and Assembly that that land
which Bow claimed and which lay within the
boundary of Hopkinton, be united with the
rest of Hopkinton and that all the persons
who inhabit the same be incorporated to-
gether into a town which shall be called
Hopkinton.

John Shackford Kimball

This charter was passed in the House,
January 10, 1765, and in the Council January
11, 1765, and then approved by the Governor
of the Province, Benning Wentworth, and
a list of the grantees contains several names
which have been prominent in the history of
the town down to the present time such as
Bailey, Jones, Kimball, Gould and Knowlton.

The census, taken at frequent, yet irregular
intervals, showed an encouraging growth of
the town. The original grant had been made
to sixty proprietors; in 1767, two years after
the incorporation, the inhabitants numbered
473; during the next six years, the number
increased to 943; at the beginning of the
Revolutionary war in 1775, it was 1,085;
at the end of the war it was 1,488; in 1786 it
had risen to 1,537; in 1790 the population
was 1,715, and at the beginning of the new
century the enumeration showed 2,015. By
this time, according to Mr. C. C. Lord, Hop-
kinton had become "a prominent station on
a direct line of travel between Boston and
Montreal, and the centre of a traffic that
encouraged population and wealth. Its ele-
vation to the position of a half-shire town gave
a special impulse to prosperity, bringing hither
county judges, lawyers, county officials of
various grades, and a'l the assemb'age of
clients and attendants at the different ses-
sions of county judicature. Moreover, the
General Court of New Hampshire had met at
Hopkinton twice before the end of the cen-

Hopkinton Celebration

367

tury, and the temporary advent of state
officials and other influential persons, thus
occasioned, aided eminently the social dis-
tinction of the town. It was hoped that
Hopkinton would become the permanent
capital of the state.

"In 1800 the territory of Hopkinton was
largely appropriated by thrifty farmers.
The hills and vales were scenes of prosperous
rural industry, while flocks and herds of
thousands of sheep and cattle roamed in fer-
tile pastures, or were sheltered in the com-
modious barns of their owners. There were
various mills and manufactories upon the

districts of the township. The village of
Hopkinton at that time was probably not

John Stevens Kimball

important streams of the town, while shops of
different sorts were located in the numerous

Robert R. Kimball

far from its present extent, although the
number of buildings was perhaps somewhat
less. From the village square, roads led
outward in all directions as now, excepting
that the present direct highway to Contoo-
cook had not been opened between the village
and Putney's Hill. There were then three
meeting-houses in Hopkinton. Besides the
easterly and westerly Congregational meeting-
houses, there was a Baptist meeting-house at
the junction of several roads at a point about
a mile southwest of the village." There
were then two lawyers in the village and five

Kimball is a name well known in Hopkinton, in all stages of its history. Numerous families in town have borne
it, among the best known in later years being that of John Shackford Kimball, and his three sons. Mr. Kimball
was a native of Pembroke, educated for the law, and for a time was the partner of Robert Rantoul, in Boston. On
account of his health he gave up his practice and engaged in mercantile business. In 1854 he purchased the old
Governor Harvey house in Hopkinton Village, and there established his residence, dividing his time between Hop-
kinton and Boston. He was prominent in public affairs, represented Hopkinton in the legislature in 1866-7, and
was a member of the staff of Gov. Walter Harriman. He married Mary Eldredge, daughter of Dr. John Stevens.
Thev had five children, John Stevens, Robert Rantoul, Mary Grace, Kate Pearl and George A. S. He died April
18, 1888.

John Stevens Kimball was born in Boston, July 31, 1845, was educated in the Phillips Grammar School, Hop-
kinton Academy and the Taghconic Institute at Lanesboro, Mass. He was engaged in mercantile business in
Boston and Hopkinton with his father and brother; was register of deeds for Merrimack from 1879 to 1SS1, repre-
sented Hopkinton in the legislature of 1883, and was a trial justice of the peace for many years. He died some
years since, having been twice married, first to Clara, daughter of Reuben E. French of Hopkinton, who died leaving
a son, John P., and later to her sister, Margaret A.

Robert Rantoul Kimball, born in Boston, March 7, 1849, was educated in that city, at Lanesboro and West
Newton. He also took an interest in mercantile affairs early in life and was actively engaged in trade in Boston
and Hopkinton. For thirty years previous to his death, which occurred Mary 2, 1904, he had been associated with
the famous Boston firm of Brown, Durrell & Co. He married October 30, 1872, Ella Louise, daughter of Robert B.
and Eliza M. (W T inans) Currier, and a granddaughter of Dr. Stephen Currier, an early physician of the town.

368

The Granite Monthly

'Elmhurst," Residence of Mrs. Robert R. Kimball

Geo. A. S. Kimball

City Marshal of Concord

physicians in the town and nine mill owners
of different kinds. There were two taverns.
There were at least half a dozen merchants, a
tanner, a bookbinder and bookseller, a black-
smith and a cabinet-maker. The public im-
portance of the town attracted the attention
of people in all parts of the state, and stage-
coaches visited the town daily, coursing the
the great 1 ne of travel running from north to
south. Hopkinton could well be called in
1800 "a centre of political, social and business
enterprise." There were few special advan-
tages such as some towns enjoy at the present
time, and the people of this .town had good
reasons for hoping and expecting their town
would become one of the largest and most
important places in the state. And this
expectation did not fade out for thirty years
after the new century was ushered in. The
question of the permanent location of the
capital was a vital question as late as 1814.
In 1806 and again in 1807 the legislature
assembled in Hopkinton. In 1814 a com-
mittee of three persons was selected by the

Geo. A. S. Kimball was born in Boston, November 26, 1859. He was educated at Allen's English and classical
School, West Newton, Mass., and Chauncy Hall School, Boston. He was employed by the Charles B. Lancaster
Shoe Co., as bookkeeper, five years; kept a general store in Hopkinton from April 1, 1882, to January 1, 1905; was
deputy sheriff six years, post master of Hopkinton eight years; elected sheriff of Merrimack County at the Novem-
ber 1904, 1906, and 1908 elections; and was appointed city marshal of Concord, July 1, 1905, which latter position
he still occupies.

Hopkinton Celebration

369

legislature to take the matter into serious
consideration . There were three towns which
desired this distinction — they were Hop-
kinton, Concord and Salisbury, and the legis-
lative committee was made up by choosing
one member from each of these towns and
the lot fell on Concord.

For more than ten years the number of
inhabitants of the town continued to increase.
In 1810 it was found that the population was
2,216; in 1820, 2,437, and in 1830, it was
2,474, an increase of only 37 in a period of
ten years. It was evident that the star of
hope had passed its zenith.

But the failure to secure the capitol was
not the only thing that foretold the decline.
For several years Hopkinton was half-shire
town of Hillsborough County, the other half
being Amherst. In 1823 Hopkinton lost
this distinction and with it lost an important
advantage. About this time also large com-
mercial and manufacturing centres began to
attract the young people, more stores and
larger ones, more mills, more shops appealed
to young minds, and won recri its, and Hop-
kinton was just large enough to be too small
to hold its young men and women. Then,
too, the great prairie states of the west were
crying "Come West, young men." That
the increase in the population should be
arrested was inevitable. Last of all came the
day of the pessimist. "The Glory of Hop-

kinton is departed." The star of hope had
set.

It was characteristic of the early settlers

Hon. Herman W. Greene

of New England to give prominence to matters
relating to religion and education. We are
not surprised, therefore, that in the report

YVillard T. Greene and Grandson

Willard T. Greene, whose picture, with that of his grandson, William Herman Western, and a glimpse of hia
residence, "The Willows," appears above, is the clerk in charge of the Hopkinton postoffiee, a warden of St. Andrew's
Episcopal Church, and a member of the General Committee of the celebration. He is a son of the late Hon.
Herman W. Greene.

370

The Granite Monthly

Hon. Walter S. Davis

made to the General Court, recommending
the granting of land for the new township, it
was specified that within the space of three
years the grantees should build and finish a
convenient meeting house for the public
worship of God, and settle a learned and
orthodox minister, by which was meant a
minister who had received a college educa-
tion, and who subscribed to the creed of the
church of the standing order, otherwise called
Congregational. Of the sixty-three lots laid
out for the earliest settlers, one should be
for the first minister, one for the second minis-
ter and one for the school. At the first
meeting of the proprieters it was voted "that
when tenn familys are settled the proprietors
will maintain preaching. ' '

In the Clerk's book is a list of the original
grantees with the number of each man's lot ;
and the meeting-house is mentioned four
times as the point at which the enumeration
begins. "On the north range beginning at
the meeting house on the west side," lot-
number 1 is the minister's lot, so also is lot

Walter S. Davis Residence, Contoocook

Hon. Walter Scott Davis, long a prominent citizen of Hopkinton, resident at Contoocook, where he had one
of the finest residences in town, was a native of Warner, born July 29, 1834. He removed to Contoocook in 1874.
He was extensively engaged in manufacturing, and had also perfected several valuable patents. He was promi-
nent in public affairs and served in both branches of the legislature and in the Executive Council. He married
Dolly, daughter of Daniel Jones of Warner, by whom he had three sons and a daughter.

Hopkinton Celebration

371

Number five, and Number six is the school
lot. For several years, after the settlement
of the town there was no meeting-house,
although preaching was supported at intervals.
In May, 1737, it was voted to grant thirty
pounds for preaching, and that the sum of
sixty pounds be raised for the building of a
public meeting house. And yet such a house
was not built until 1766 or twenty-nine years
after the above mentioned vote. One reason
may have been the financial condition of the
people owing to several causes, but the princi-
pal reason evidently was the inability of the
proprietors to agree upon the location of the
house.

The meeting-house which it was voted to
build in 1739 was to be thirty-five feet long,
twenty-five feet wide, and eight feet between
the joints. In 1757, or eighteen years later,
it was again voted to build a meeting-house
and finish it within six months. The pro-
prietors were moved to vote in this manner,
because they were about to call a minister.
The minister, Mr. James Scales, was called
and ordained, but the meeting-house was
not built. September 8, 1757, arrangements
were made for the ordination of Mr. Scales.
But at the same time it was "voted not to
build a meeting house at present." Mr.
.Scales was ordained November 23, 1757. On
the same day a church was organized with
ten members. At a meeting of the inhabi-

hill about six rods north of the burying ground.
It was to be fifty feet long, thirty-eight feet
wide and twenty-two feet high. It was to be

Capt. Charles Gould

framed and raised by September 1, 1766.
Twenty-five hundred pounds old tenor was to
be raised to defray the expense of the build-
ing, and Captain Matthew Stanley, Lt. John

Old House, Gould Hill Farm

tants of the town held at the house of Lt.
John Putney, March 5, 1765, "Voted to
build a house for the public worship of God."
This house was to be built on the top of the

Putney and Ensign Jonathan Straw were to
constitute the committee to have charge of
the work.

February 3, 1766, the vote relating to the

372

The Granite Monthly

Residence of Robert T. Gould

location of the meeting-house was rescinded,
and then it was voted that the place for
building a meeting-house is north of Ezra
Hoyt's house, on the said Hoyt's land, "by
the Road that go to the saw mill within
Twenty Rods of the Road that go to Concord,"

house had been built the location was a live
subject for lively discussion; people were
divided in their opinion and so acute was the
interest that on the 4th day of June 1787 it
was "voted that the meeting house shall
stand where it now stands." Neither did

The Eben Loveren Homestead, Property of Mrs. Mary E. (Buswell) Sanborn

and tins vote was confirmed at a meeting held
the following month. Evidently the meet-
ing-house was built according to this vote, on
the plain near the spot where the Congrega-
tional Church now stands and not on the top
of the hill where it was first voted. And yet
for more than twenty years after the meeting-

this settle the matter, for eighteen months
later, December 15, 1788, "Voted to Chuse a
Committee of twelve men ... to Con-
sult together and agree on a Plac for the
meeting Hous and report to the next Town
meeting." This committee was increased
by two members, and these fourteen men

Hopkinton Celebration

373

performed their difficult task, and in about
six weeks reported that having considered
the matter they were of the opinion that "the
meeting Hous ought not to be moved. "

Within three days after this report had
been made the meeting-house burned. A
warrant was immediately issued for a town
meeting to be held at the tavern of one Mr.
Isaac Babson. Having assembled and taken
such steps as they thought best to try to
discover how the fire which destroyed their
meeting-house originated, they voted to

the first selectmen in the three following
Towns, Namely, Gilmanton, Linesborough
and Washington." These men undertook
the task and on the 2d day of March, 1789,
about one month after the meeting-house
was burned, were ready to make their report.
The voters assembled at Babson's tavern,
but immediately adjourned to "Babson's
barnyard — "no doubt a wise step and there
the controversy which had disturbed the
people of the new town for nearly a generation
began to draw to an end. The committee

Davis Paper Company's Plant, West Hopkinton

build another meeting-house. Voted next,
to see if they would have it on the Common
lot on Putney's Hill and the vote "Past to
the negative 59 for 134 against." Next it
was voted whether to have the new meeting-
house "near Lt E. Straws. Past to the nega-
tive for it 62 against it 129." Then it was
"voted to have it wheare the meeting hous
was Burned or within a few Rods 129 for
62 against." But the dissatisfaction of the
minority was so intense that it was seemed
advisable to leave the location of the meeting-
house to people who were disinterested.
And the meeting voted "to have it Left to

rendered their report in the following very
formal and solemn manner.

To the Town of Hopkinton, Gentlemen :
"Your Committee, appointed to fix upon a
Suitble Plac in Your town for you to build a
meeting hous upon do Report that we have
taken a view of the Principle part of your
Town and the situation of each part of the
same and have found it to be attended with
Difficulty Rightly to settle the matter in Such
a way that Each Part of the Town should
have theare Equality of Privilege. . . .
Therefore, we, the Subscribers are unanimous
of the oppinion that near the spot wheare

374

The Granite Monthly

the old meeting Hous stood will be the most
convenient Plac for you to build a meeting
Hous upon."

Peter Clark,
Ezekiel Hon,
Jeremiah Bacon,

Committee.

The Committee was not mobbed, nor do
they appear to have left the town under the

what they had so well done, but to vote that
the meeting-house be sixty-two feet long;
forty-six feet wide, with a Porch at each end
about twelve feet square.

Two persons were suspected of having set
fire to the former meeting-house and were
tried on this charge, one of these was conyicted
and sent to jail. The other was adjudged
innocent.

This was only one ~of the controversies

Brig. -Gen. Joab N. Patterson

■cover of darkness — nor the protection of
armed men. A perfect hush seems to have
fallen upon the people. They acted as though
the gods had come down and spoken to them.
And as soon as they recovered enough to do
anything they voted "to build a meeting
house agreeable to the report of the Commit-
tee;" next to choose a Committee of five and
then that Captain Bailey, Captain Chase,
Mr. Hill and Captain Greeley be a committee
to make a draft of the meeting-house and
made a sale of the pews and build the house.
The next week they reassembled not to undo

through which the people of Hopkinton
passed. They were not quarrelsome, but
they had opinions and courage to support
them. They thought about matters per-
taining to politics, religion, and education.
And what they thought they stated.

Their first minister was Mr. James Scales
who was ordained November 23, 1757, and
continued in the office until June 25, 1770.
He was a native of Boxford, Mass.; a gradu-
ate of Harvard in the class of 1733; a member
of the Congregational Church in Concord;
for some time a resident of Canterbury, while

Hopkinton Celebration

375

Barnard Homestead, Meadow View Farm

there was town clerk, and engaged in trade
with the Indians, practiced law and medicine,
became a resident of Hopkinton some time
prior to his ordination to the ministry;
erected the first building in Henniker in 1760;
exchanged his clerical robes for the ermine
and died July 31, 1776 known as James
Scales, esquire. The next minister was Eli-
jah Fletcher, a man of culture and of grace, a

graduate of Harvard at the age of twenty-one,
settled over the church at the age of twenty-
five and continuing thirteen years when he
was removed by death. He lived in the
house still standing a short mile from the
meeting-house on the main road to Concord,
and its general appearance is nearly the same
as when the minister of the town occupied
it. Here four children were born to Mr. and

Birthplace of Gen. J. N. Patterson

Gen. Joab Nelson Patterson, New Hampshire's most distinguished survivor of the Civil War, who also saw
service in the war with Spain, was born in the village of Contoocook, in Hopkinton, January 2, 1835, son of Joab
and Mary Lovering Patterson. While pursuing his studies, he taught school winters quite extensively and grad-
uated from Dartmouth College in the class of 1860. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War, he opened a recruiting
office at Contoocook and raised a company for the Union service. He was commissioned lieutenant of Company
H, Second N. H. Regiment, June 4, 1861, and promoted to captain, May 23, 1862. He was wounded at Gettysburg,
July 3, 1863, promoted to lieutenant-colonel, June 21, 1864, and appointed brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 1865.
Returning home at the close of the war, he was made commander of the First Regiment, N. H. Militia, in 1866,
and was commander of the Brigade from 1868 to 1870. On the organization of the National Guard, he was ap-
pointed colonel of the Third Regiment, in 1878, and in 1889 was made brigadier-general, in command. He served
as a representative from Hopkinton in 1866; was United States Marshal for New Hampshire from 1867 to 1886;
second auditor in the United States Treasury Department at Washington several years, and United States Pension
Agent at Concord for five years, under the administrations of Presidents Roosevelt and Taft. He is still in vigorous
health, and was marshal of the military and civic parade at the Concord one hundred and fiftieth anniversary cele-
bration last June.

376

The Granite Monthly

Mrs. Fletcher, the last of which was called
Gratia, remembered as Grace and cele-
brated as having been the first wife of the
great and only Daniel Webster. There is a
pretty tradition about the engagement of this
distinguished couple. It is said that the
great lawyer while attending court which was
held in Hopkinton, "went to church as his

Following the death of Mr. Fletcher in
1786, the church called Mr. Jacob Cram, a
graduate of Dartmouth College, and a stu-
dent in divinity of the famous Dr. Emmons
of Franklin, Mass. This was after the first
meeting-house had been burned and before
the second house had been built. The or-
dination took place in the open air in front of

custom was on the Sabbath day." There he
saw this daughter of the former pastor whose
manner exactly fitted her name, and whose
face was strikingly handsome. Taking a
piece of twine from his pocket Webster tied
a knot in it and passed it to the young woman.
And she tied another knot in the string and
passed it back to the young barrister.

what was then Wiggin's tavern — now the
dwelling house east of the post-office. Mr.
Cram appears to have been just what his pre-
decessor, Mr. Fletcher was not, and he seems
to have been destitute of those qualities which
Mr. Fletcher possessed. His hearers took a
dislike to him and to his teachings, and,
with people like those of the early Hopkinton,

Hopkinton Celebration

377

this dislike was not concealed, and just a
short time before the end of the third year
after his ordination a document was drawn
up against him stating among other things,
that he had said "in Publick that Persons
can convert themselves & in Private that
Persons can convert themselves in half an
hour." He had also said "in public that the
Town had been a Cheat in tithes & offerings
ever since it was settled"; that he had said
in public that "it is the duty of ministers
after they had warned the People & given
them Instruction if they would not repent,
it is then the Duty of the minister to Pray

the Reverend Jacob Cram as a pious, godly
minister of Jesus Christ, in gospel standing
with this and the sister Churches in the
neighborhood, and we most affectionately
pray that the great head of the Church may
Richly furnish him with every gift and grace
and bless his labors to the Salvation of many
souls ready to perish."

From 1792 to the present time the Con-
gregational Church of this town has been
served by seventeen different men.

It is inevitable that there shall be diversity
of opinion upon matters of religious faith and
practice. This is not to be regretted, nor

Residence of Daniel F. Fiske

that the Lord would Cast them off & send
them to Hell;" that "in his requesting Inter-
est for his settlement & after being urged
not to take any & told it would set the People
against him, he said he had thought of a
way that it might be Put so that the People
would not know it." The controversy
dragged on, public deliberations were held,
committees were chosen, and finally, a council
was called and Mr. Cram was dismissed
January 6, 1792. At the same time, the
Council which advised the dissolution of the
pastural relation between Mr. Cram and the
Church, voted, "We Chearfully recommend

should it be discouraged when the different
denominations are strong and able enough to
support independent organizations.

The spiritual interests of the town have
been cared for by the Baptists, the Free- Will
Baptists, the Episcopalians, the Methodists,
the Universalists ; and New Church or Sweden-
borgians, all of whom except the Universalists
now have ample houses of worship, and regu-
lar services, and have been served by ministers
who have left their impress upon the parishes
and the town.

The principal manufacturing centre of the
town has naturally been the village of Con-

Daniel F. Fisk, a prominent business man of Contoocook, long extensively engaged in lumbering, is a native of
the town; born in October, 1859. He was educated in the public schools, and has always resided here. He repre-
sented the town in the legislature of 1902-3, was one of the prime movers in the introduction of water into Con-
toocook Village, and has been a member of the board of water commissioners from the start.

378

The Granite Monthly

toocook, because it had the most extensive
water power, and because it had the principal
railway station of the town at the junction of
the Concord and Claremont and the Con-
cord and Hillsborough roads.

Next to the controversy over the church
none was so acute as that over the railroad.
At the annual town meeting in March, 1844,

road. Its coming was one of the things
decreed by a power higher than man. It had
to come, and it came. And it came to Con-
toocook. It was a blessing in, disguise, and
to remove the roads which centre here now
would create a controversy greater by far
than the people passed through in 1844.
It would be pleasant to dwell upon many

Hon. William A. Danforth

one of the greatest agitations that ever swept
over the town received public attention.
The railroad was the all absorbing theme.
The two great political parties of the time
were the Democratic and the Whig. But the
two representatives were chosen to the legis-
lature, not by a party vote, but on a vote of
the people against the railroad. But to
oppose the railroad was like opposing the
course of the stars. The times required the

of these matters at much greater length- if
time would permit. One would so much
enjoy speaking, even if only briefly, of some
of the distinguished men whose lives lent lus-
ter to our town. Farmers like Joseph Barn-
ard, James M. Conner, Ira Putney, John W.
Paige, Isaiah Webber, Charles Gould, Robert
Gould, Abraham Brown, Herbert Kimball
and John Currier; physicians, beginning with
Ebenezer Larned, Alexander Rogers, Doctor

Hon. William A. Danforth, present senator from District No. 9, is a native of Hopkinton, born August 22,
1855, and educated in the town schools. He was for many years a travelling salesman, and later president of the
Longstreet Mining & Lumber Company, of Georgia. Since 1910 he has been the New Hampshire representative
of Stone & Webster, of Boston. He is an Odd Fellow and an active Republican. He received 2,044 votes for
senator in November, 1914, to 1,549 for Henry E. Eaton, Democrat, also of Hopkinton.

Hopkinton Celebration

379

Residence of Franklin P. Johnson, Hopkinton Village

Tyler and Doctor Blaisdell; men in govern-
ment employ like Paul R. George, Joab N.
Patterson, enlisting at the very commence-
ment of the civil war as a private, commis-
sioned lieutenant before leaving the state,
present in every engagement of his regiment,
"the fighting second," never absent a day
on account of sickness, wounded at Gettys-

burg, returning to the state after four years
since brevet brigadier of U. S. volunteers;
George H. Perkins, a graduate of Annapolis,
who accompanied Commodore Farragut in
the expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, sent to
the aid of General Banks; teachers, William
Long, Stephen Long, Elihu Quimby, Dyer H.
Sanborn, Alfred Gage and his brother Harlan;

Home of Noyes P. Johnson

380

The Granite Monthly

business men, like Horace G. Chase, a most
loyal son of Hopkinton, a real lover of the
town, one of the most active founders of the
"Old Home Day" movement in Hopkinton,
and its generous supporter; John Shackford
Kimball and his three sons, John, Robert
and George, Isaac D. Merrill and Joab Pat-
terson of Contoocook, James Richardson and
John F. Jones and Grosvernor Curtice; clergy-
men like Franklin Fisk, Clarion Kimball,

Dr. Geo. C. Blaisdell

Silas Ketehum, E. H. Greeley, George H.
Tilton and Harrison Eaton; lawyers like
Clinton W. Stanley, Hamilton Perkins,
Matthew Harvey and Herman W. Greene;
members of the Philomathic Club, that group
of young, ambitious men, founded by Silas
Ketehum, George E. Crowell and Darwin
Blanchard and supported by Harlan Gage, and
Charlie Whittier. And really, when one be-
gins on this list, there seems to be no place to
leave off until too much time has been taken.

But there must be an end, and I want it
to be along the line of encouragement. I
have spoken about the star of hope reaching
its zenith and the star as setting. And now
I wish to say that stars which set will rise
again. There are some stars which never
rise because they never set. Like Ursa Major
they circle about the north pole always above
the horizon. The great cities, — -Boston, New
York, Philadelphia and Chicago are like
these. Hopkinton began well in 1765, and
it could be seen in the social, political, reli-
gious and industrial world until 1830. Since
then it has not occupied a large place in the
firmament of the state. But there is no reason
why it may not come back. Forty years ago
in the northern part of the state was a town
which was mostly pasture. Its centre was
made up of a country store and a post office.
No one would have predicted a future worth
mentioning. But today where those pas-
tures stood there are streets and houses,
banks and stores, shops and mills, and all
those things which make up a thriving city.
I speak of Berlin.

Hopkinton must for a long time, if not for
all time, be a farming town, and this is encour-
aging, for farming is already one of the great,
perhaps the greatest industry in the United
States, or in the wide world. We speak of
manufacturing as an immense business. But
the farmer is a manufacturer. It is his
business to take the raw material of soil and
humus and the chemicals in air and water
and work them up into the finished product
of grains and grasses and fruits; and it is his
business to find out how to get the greatest
amount of output out of the raw material
with the least expenditure of capital. And
the farmer who can raise one hundred bushels
of potatoes where the man before him raised
only fifty bushels is, so far, a successful
business man.

The chemist has appeared as the partner
of the planter. We live in the age of the tin
cans — beans, peas, no less than paints and
putties are put up in tin cans. So also is
fertility put up in cans. A pint and a half

Dr. George C. Blaisdell, of Contoocook, is Hopkinton's oldest resident physician, and has been in active
practice in town nearly half a century. He is a native of Goffstown, born November 23, 1846, was educated
in the Goffstown and Manchester high schools; studied medicine with Dr. A. F. Carr of Goffstown, and Doctors
Buck and How of Manchester, and attended lectures at the Bowdoin and Harvard Medical schools, graduating
from the latter in 1867, in May of which year he commenced practice in Contoocook, where he has since continued
with great success, being particularly proficient in surgery. He is prominently identified with the Contoocook
Library Association, the N. H. Antiquarian Society, the I. O. O. F., and Mt. Horeb Commandery, K. T., of Con-
cord. He is health officer for the town, and has served on the school committee.

Hopkinton Celebration

381

is sold for $2.50, and there is enough in it for
an acre. Now it may at first seem strange
to buy fertility by the can. But why not?
We have long bought it by the cartload, and
some years ago we began to buy it by the
bag. Now, if you can have fertility put up
by the cartload, and in a concentrated form
have it put up by the bag, why should it be
thought incredible that we should buy it by
the can? And if it is a fact that a can of
fertility at $2.50 per can "just about doubles
the productivity of the soil," why should we
allow any prejudice against the can to rob
us of its benefit? It is said that "the tin can
is the emblem of civilization. Its absence
defines the savage ; its use sets apart from the
barbarian the modern, fore-handed sanitary
man. It is the civilization's defence against
the leanness of lean years, and against the
attacks of carnivorous germs. The can con-
tains 'cultures' of live bacteria, the friendly,
indispensable bacteria that accumulate de-
posits of nitrogen from the air. . . .
These 'cultures' are mixed with diluted glue
or molasses and the mixture is poured over

Hon. Grosvenor A. Curtice

the seeds you intend to plant and stirred

Free Baptist Church — High School, Contoocook

Hon. Grosvenor A. Curtice, a native of Lempster, but long time resident of Contoocock, located here in 1865,
after the close of the Civil War, in which he rendered gallant service, and gained the rank of captain. He was
extensively engaged in general mercantile business, and prominent in public affairs, serving as town clerk, treasurer
of school committee, representative, state senator, councilor and postmaster. He was made United States Pension
Agent in 1906, and died September 29, 1907. He married, first, Sara A. Johnson, who died in 1869 ; second, Augusta
Wilson, who survived him two years.

382

The Granite Monthly

John F. Jones

around until each seed is smeared with it,
then the seeds are planted in the ordinary
way. It has been found that there is no
such thing as 'wern out' soil. It is at worst
only tired — and science is teaching the
farmer how to restore its fertility. "

Let me quote still further from one of the
most reliable and helpful magazines in the
country. "The star of agricultural empire
no longer wends its way westward ; today it
is leading the feet of young men back to the
east, where land is cheap, where money is
more plentiful, and where your market lies
at your very door. We used to hear of
cattle growers on great ranches in Idaho and
Texas. But now their treasury of 'free-
range' is depleted, and they are turning to
the low-priced pastures of the Carolinas and
Georgia to find the cheap grazing that they
need; and men who have proved the value of
high-priced, irrigated alfalfa in California are
demonstrating that Virginia can grow it
just as profitably. Science has made all
parts of the American continent virgin fields
for pioneering in agriculture." Years ago
New England country beef was poor stuff.
It was composed of cows that had been

Jones Homestead

John F. Jones, a prominent figure in the business and financial life of Merrimack County, born March 31, 1835,
died March 28, 1905, was a native and long time resident of Hopkinton, son of Jonathan Jones of Warner who settled
on a fine farm in West Hopkinton in 1822. John F. was educated in the public schools and at Hopkinton Academy.
He managed the home farm successfully for some years, and then engaged in mercantile business at Contoocook.
In 1885 he removed to Concord where he became treasurer of the Loan & Trust Savings Bank. He was subse-
quently made president of the same, continuing till his death. He had been town clerk and treasurer of Hopkinton,
and delegate in the Constitutional Convention of 1876. He was treasurer of Merrimack County from 1881 to
1883, and was officially connected with various corporations. He married, in 1861, Maria H. Barnard of Haverhill,
Mass. They had two sons, John Arthur, who was for some years engaged in stock breeding on the home farm,
and Charles Currier, now in insurance business in Concord.

Hopkinton Celebration

383

Residence of Mrs. A. Cuthbert Roberts

milked till their horns were covered with
rings, and oxen that had been fed on meadow
hay in the winter and on short pasture lands
in the summer. And the West gave us beef
from steers that never had been yoked and
heifers that had been milked at most only
one or two seasons and many not at all.

The consequence was naturally that the
whole country was consuming western beef.
But now we know that the East can raise as
tender and juicy beef as the western country.
Moreover, ten years ago, cattle were ready
for the market at the age of three or four
years; today they are just as ready at from

Stable of Mrs. Roberts

384

The Granite Monthly

one to two years. Years ago flocks of sheep
were seen on our farms. But the farmers
began to neglect sheep culture. Then sheep
were raised chiefly for wool, today we can
raise more wool and our sheep are better also
for^ mutton, and more is consumed. Ten
years ago, the average market age for hogs
was from twelve to fourteen months; today
the average age is eight months — so whether
the farmer invests in oxen or cows, in sheep
or hogs, the time in which his investment
earned dividends has been cut in two, and
his rate of investment has been practically
doubled. And whether a man's money earns
him five per cent or ten, eight per cent or

more per year. What has been done by the
poultrymen of California, can be done by the
poultrymen of New Hampshire. It is said
that improved methods of farmers in the last
ten years and the general adoption of the
methods of the best poultrymen would treble
the yearly over time and capital in the poultry
business. What this would mean is illus-
trated by the fact that the value of the eggs
produced in the United States is approxi-
mately $275,000,000 a year.

To one familiar with the history of the
town, it is apparent that the church is the
institution which has suffered the greatest
decline within the last fifty years. But the

Residence of Geo. N. Putnam — Mt. Putney Dairy

sixteen makes a vast difference. Further-
more, ten years ago, when the St. Louis
exposition was held, the gold medal for cows
was earned by a cow that made 600 pounds
of butter in one year. Today such a cow as
this would be out-distanced so that she could
not even be entered in the competition. The
best cows today must produce 1100 pounds
of butter yearly, and it may as well be in
Hopkinton as in Hamilton, Ohio. Poultry
is a farm product. Ten years ago the ordi-
nary hen laid about sixty eggs a year and
many do not do any better now. But the
farmers around Petaluma, California, the
greatest egg-producing region in the world,
kill every hen that does not lay 200 eggs or

present condition need not be the permanent
condition. The star may rise over the church
as over the industries of the town.

Some years ago there was a church up in
the White Mountain region which had ap-
parently been dead for several years. It was
often unreported and the Congregational
denomination to which it belonged was upon
the point of striking it from the list.
Whether the dead which were in their graves
heard the discussion or not, no one can tell.
But something happened, the church was re-
vived and it is on the list today with a settled
minister and no debts. Another church in
the southwestern part of the state was in a
similar condition with like prospects. This,

Hopkinton Celebration

385

Mt. Lookout House

too, is a living church today with a settled
pastor, a fair church property and several
hundred dollars of invested funds. Churches
do not die easily any more than political
parties. Two years ago the church in Gor-
ham, this state, was just about entirely off

the map. Today it is one of the most pros-
perous and growing churches in the whole
state. The new life first revealed itself in the
growing congregation which filled the meeting-
house so full that it was difficult to find seats
for the people. At the March communion

Summer Residence of Gen. H. H. Dudley

Built by Philip Brown, 100 years ago, on the Site of Kimball Garrison.
Occupied by Matthew Harvey as a Summer Home While Governor of New Hampshire.

386

The Granite Monthly

last year, 94 members were received into
fellowship with the church, 44 of whom were
men, several of whom were over 70 years of
age, and there was a class of nearly 40 being
prepared for reception three months later.
A board of management, consisting of 18
men, was appointed to meet once a month
to transact all church business, subject to
the approval of the parish. A system of
finance was devised which increased the in-

God with a message from his Lord, and he
makes from 200 to 300 calls upon the people
of his parish. On last Easter 16 new members
were received making approximately 200
since the Easter before, almost one-half of
these members being men. At some of the
missionary meetings as many as 250 people
have been present. A splendid program is
planned months in advance, consisting of
music, reading, debates, dramas, etc. The

Charles Pinckney Gage, M.D.

come of the church 800 per cent. The parish
made the largest proposition it had ever
offered a minister to remain as its permanent
pastor, and there is always money enough
to pay the bills and leave a surplus in the
treasury. A Christian Endeavor society was
formed in this little, scattered rural com-
munity which meets every Monday evening
and has an average attendance of 125. A
Boy's Brigade and a Woman's Visiting Circle
are aids in carrying on the work. The minis-
ter preaches with earnestness as a man of

minister's salary which last year was the
largest the church ever paid was increased
at the beginning of the present year $300
making it now $1,400. Great interest is man-
ifested and great enthusiasm prevails. The
year-book shows that last year 158 members
were added to the church on confession of
faith and 4 by letter — changing a church of
86 members, 31 men and 55 women, with 15
absent, without a minister and ready to pay
a salary of $700, into a church of 200 members,
94 of whom are men and 106 women with only

Hopkinton Celebration

387

10 absent, having a settled pastor to which it
pays a salary of $1,400 and always has money
enough to pay all its bills and leave a surplus
in the treasury. The reporter says, "This
shows what churches can do, if they only
make up their minds to do it."

Citizens of Hopkinton, rise up and rebuild
your beautiful town. And just as the num-

bering of the proprietors' lots began at the
meeting-house, let the new future of your new
Hopkinton begin at the same place, for "ex-
cept the Lord build the house, they labor in
vain that build it." Cultivate the spirit of
Caleb and Joshua, who said, "the land is an
exceeding good land, fear not; if the Lord
delight in us, then will he bring us into it."

Charles Pinckney Gage was born in the town of Hopkinton, New Hampshire, on the 5th of April, 1817, on the
same farm on which, in 1780, his father, John Gage, was born. His mother was Sally Bickford, a daughter of
Thomas and Abigail (Eastman) Bickford — Abigail Eastman of the Roger Eastman family. Doctor Gage's
paternal grandparents, John and Elizabeth (Fowler) Gage, came to Hopkinton from Bradford, Massachusetts,
some time prior to the year 1750 — at about the same time his maternal grandparents came to the same town from
Newburyport, Massachusetts. It is recorded of Thomas Bickford that he was a Revolutionary soldier. When a
boy Doctor Gage attended school in the winter on Putney hill and in the little "red school house" of Stony dis-
trict, in the spring and fall at " Ballard's." This Ballard was John Osgood Ballard, his tutor. When eighteen years
of age he resorted to that most wholesome aid to the pursuit of an education, schoolteaching, and for three successive
winters taught school in Hopkinton. It was about this time that he joined the Hopkinton Light Infantry, a force
of sixty-four men, of which he was orderly sergeant. He was one of eight of the sixty-four who were over six feet
in stature. In 1834 we come to the time of his undertaking the great work of his life, the study, and practice, and
teaching of medicine, when he was twenty-three years of age. Dr. Royal Case of Hopkinton, N. H., was his first
preceptor. He attended courses of lectures at Hanover, N. H., Woodstock, Vt., Pittsfield, Mass., Geneva, N. Y.,
and at Cincinnati, Ohio. He received his medical degree in February, 1837, from the Cincinnati Medical College.
At Woodstock he became the private pupil of Dr. Willard Parker who went from one medical college to another
lecturing on surgery, rapidly rising to fame, and Doctor Gage went with him. Whatever town contained Parker
was the medical capital of the country. Parker was his idol, but he sat at the feet of more than one Gamaliel.
Other eminent men were his teachers, among them were Reuben D. Mussey, Robert Watts, Henry Childs, Elisha
Bartlett, Samuel D. Gross and Daniel Drake. Among those of his fellow students who subsequently became
famous were Oliver Wendell Holmes and Henry Kirke Brown; the latter achieved eminence as a sculptor. Doctor
Gage practiced his profession for a time in Cincinnati; his health not being good he returned to New Hampshire,
settling in Concord in July, 1838. On August 27, 1837, in St Andrew's Episcopal Church he was married to Nancy
George Sibley, a daughter of Stephen Sibley, Esquire, of Hopkinton. Doctor Gage joined the New Hampshire
Medical Society in October, 1838. In 1846 the New Hampshire Medical Society sent him and Dr. R. P. J. Tenney
of Pittsfield as their representatives to take part in the convention held in New York for organizing the American
Medical Association. When Doctor Gage came to practice in Concord he brought an educational outfit far in
advance of that usually enjoyed by the country practitioner of those times; yet this fact would not have brought
him the prosperity and the leading position that became his in the course of a very few years had he not had ex-
ceptional natural gifts, for he had to compete with the honorable Peter Renton who had been educated in Edin-
burgh, then the medical Mecca. Doctor Gage's practice grew amazingly — he had patients in every town in Merri-
mack County. What he did with his own horses was prodigious. An account was kept of the distances driven by
him for a month, and it was found that on an average he drove seventy-five miles a day. He drove his horses
singly and in his busiest periods he used four horses all the time. Among his patients were Daniel Webster, Gen.
Franklin Pierce, the Hon. John Wentworth and the celebrated Miss Mitford. He was for many years the leading
surgeon of Merrimack County. He was a consummate anatomist and a skilful operator. Doctor Gage had a
remarkable number of students — in his declining years he could recall the names of forty. In November, 1894, on
the 26th day, he entered into his rest.

WITHIN A ROOM

By Harold L. Ransom

As I opened the door and entered,
A fragrance pervaded the room —

An indefinable fragrance,